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BILLS

BILLS-118hres1340ih

Congratulating the University of Tennessee, Knoxville as the College World Series winner.

United States Congress House of Representatives

[Congressional Bills 118th Congress] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] [H. Res. 1340 Introduced in House (IH)] <DOC> 118th CONGRESS 2d Session H. RES. 1340 Congratulating the University of Tennessee, Knoxville as the College World Series winner. _______________________________________________________________________ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES July 8, 2024 Mr. Burchett (for himself, Mrs. Harshbarger, Mr. Fleischmann, Mr. DesJarlais, Mr. Ogles, Mr. Rose, Mr. Green of Tennessee, Mr. Kustoff, and Mr. Cohen) submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the Committee on Education and the Workforce _______________________________________________________________________ RESOLUTION Congratulating the University of Tennessee, Knoxville as the College World Series winner. Whereas the University of Tennessee, Knoxville (referred to in this preamble as the ``University of Tennessee'') is located in the second congressional district of Tennessee; Whereas the University of Tennessee Volunteers baseball team finished the 2024 season with a record number of wins and earned the distinction of national champions for the first time in program history; Whereas the University of Tennessee Volunteers baseball team won the Southeastern Conference regular season and tournament titles; Whereas the 2024 University of Tennessee Volunteers baseball team is the first Southeastern Conference baseball team in history to win 60 games; Whereas the University of Tennessee Volunteers baseball team set a record with 5 players recording 20 or more home runs during the 2024 season; Whereas the University of Tennessee Volunteers defeated Texas A&M University by a score of 6 to 5 on Monday, June 25, to win the 2024 College World Series; Whereas this victory is a testament to the dedication of the players, coaches, staff, and fans of the University of Tennessee Volunteers baseball program; and Whereas this remarkable team has made the entire State of Tennessee deeply proud: Now, therefore, be it Resolved, That the House of Representatives-- (1) congratulates and honors the University of Tennessee, Knoxville Volunteers baseball program for its incredible win in the 2024 College World Series and for winning the first baseball national title in program history; (2) recognizes the achievements, teamwork, and Volunteer spirit of the coaches, players, and staff of the University of Tennessee baseball team; (3) commends the fans and the entire State of Tennessee for their dedication and support; and (4) respectfully requests that the Clerk of the House of Representatives transmit an enrolled copy of this resolution to-- (A) the Head Coach of the University of Tennessee, Knoxville baseball team, Tony Vitello; (B) the Chancellor of the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Donde Plowman; and (C) the Director of Athletics of the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Danny White. <all>

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:48.486917

BILLS

BILLS-118hr8862ih

Sustaining America’s Fisheries for the Future Act of 2024

United States Congress House of Representatives

[Congressional Bills 118th Congress] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] [H.R. 8862 Introduced in House (IH)] <DOC> 118th CONGRESS 2d Session H. R. 8862 To reauthorize and amend the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act, and for other purposes. _______________________________________________________________________ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES June 27, 2024 Mr. Huffman (for himself, Mr. Moylan, Mr. Case, and Mrs. Peltola) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Natural Resources, and in addition to the Committee on Agriculture, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned _______________________________________________________________________ A BILL To reauthorize and amend the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the ``Sustaining America's Fisheries for the Future Act of 2024''. SEC. 2. TABLE OF CONTENTS. The table of contents for this Act is as follows: Sec. 1. Short title. Sec. 2. Table of contents. Sec. 3. References. Sec. 4. Definitions. Sec. 5. Gender neutral language. Sec. 6. Conforming amendments to table of contents of Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act. TITLE I--CLIMATE-READY FISHERIES Sec. 101. Findings, purposes, and policy. Sec. 102. Promoting climate resilience in fisheries management. Sec. 103. Incorporating climate science. Sec. 104. Climate-ready fisheries innovation program. Sec. 105. Managing shifting stocks of fish. Sec. 106. Emerging fisheries. Sec. 107. Report regarding inshore and shallow water mobile gear fishing. TITLE II--SUPPORTING FISHING COMMUNITIES Sec. 201. Subsistence fishing. Sec. 202. Working Waterfronts Grant Program. Sec. 203. Seafood marketing. Sec. 204. Community participation in limited access privilege programs. Sec. 205. Findings. TITLE III--STRENGTHENING PUBLIC PROCESS AND TRANSPARENCY Sec. 301. Tribal representation on Pacific Fishery Management Council. Sec. 302. Tribal representation on North Pacific Fishery Management Council. Sec. 303. Atlantic Councils. Sec. 304. Council procedures and participation. Sec. 305. Council accountability and membership. Sec. 306. Western Pacific Sustainable Fishery Fund. Sec. 307. Council staff and administration. Sec. 308. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration sexual harassment and assault prevention. TITLE IV--MODERNIZING FISHERIES SCIENCE AND DATA Sec. 401. Data modernization. Sec. 402. Expanding and improving electronic technologies. Sec. 403. Stock Assessments. Sec. 404. Cooperative research and management. Sec. 405. Northeast regional pilot research trawl survey and study. Sec. 406. Recreational data consistency. Sec. 407. Emergency operating plans. Sec. 408. Zeke Grader Fisheries Conservation and Management Fund. Sec. 409. Offshore wind collaboration. Sec. 410. Shark populations analysis. TITLE V--SUSTAINING FISHERIES THROUGH HEALTHY ECOSYSTEMS AND IMPROVED MANAGEMENT Sec. 501. Sense of Congress. Sec. 502. Essential fish habitat consultation. Sec. 503. Reducing bycatch. Sec. 504. Improving rebuilding outcomes. Sec. 505. Overfished fisheries and preventing overfishing. Sec. 506. Preparation and review of Secretarial plans. Sec. 507. Councils. Sec. 508. Forage fish conservation. Sec. 509. Funding for monitoring implementation of Northeast Multispecies Fishery Management Plan. Sec. 510. Highly migratory species. TITLE VI--INTERNATIONAL FISHERIES MANAGEMENT Sec. 601. Conservation Commissioner of Atlantic Tunas Convention. Sec. 602. Conservation Commissioner of Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Convention. Sec. 603. Conservation Commissioner of Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission. Sec. 604. Application of annual catch limit and accountability measures requirement. Sec. 605. Authorization of appropriations. SEC. 3. REFERENCES. Except as otherwise expressly provided, wherever in this Act an amendment or repeal is expressed in terms of an amendment to, or repeal of, a section or other provision, the reference shall be considered to be made to a section or other provision of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). SEC. 4. DEFINITIONS. In this Act: (1) Administrator.--The term ``Administrator'' means the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. (2) Council.--The term ``Council'' has the meaning given the term in section 3 of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1802). (3) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of Commerce. SEC. 5. GENDER NEUTRAL LANGUAGE. (a) The Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) is amended by striking ``prepared by him'' each place such term appears and inserting ``prepared by the Secretary''. (b) Each of the following provisions is amended by striking ``he'' each place such term appears and inserting ``the Secretary'': (1) Section 201(h)(2) (16 U.S.C. 1821(h)(2)). (2) Section 204(b) (16 U.S.C. 1824(b)). (3) Section 305(c)(1) (16 U.S.C. 1855(c)(1)). (4) Section 306(b)(2) (16 U.S.C. 1856(b)(2)). (c) Each of the following provisions is amended by striking ``his'' each place such term appears and inserting ``the Secretary's'': (1) Section 3(39) (16 U.S.C. 1802(39)). (2) Section 204(b)(9) (16 U.S.C. 1824(b)(9)). (3) Section 306(b)(1) (16 U.S.C. 1856(b)(1)). (4) Section 308(a) (16 U.S.C. 1858(a)). (d) Section 201(e)(1)(D) (16 U.S.C. 1821(e)(1)(D)) is amended by striking ``he'' and inserting ``such Secretary''. (e) Section 201(i) (16 U.S.C. 1821(i)) is amended by striking ``his'' and inserting ``such Governor's''. (f) Section 203(c)(5)(C) (16 U.S.C. 1823(c)(5)(C)) is amended by striking ``his'' and inserting ``the minority leader's''. (g) Sections 204(b)(4)(A) and 302(c)(1)(D) (16 U.S.C. 1824(b)(4)(A) and 1852(c)(1)(D)) are each amended by striking ``his'' and inserting ``such Secretary's''. (h) Subsections (b)(1)(B) and (c)(1)(A) of section 302 (16 U.S.C. 1852(b)(1)(B) and (c)(1)(A)) are each amended by striking ``his'' and inserting ``such director's''. (i) Section 302(c)(1)(B) (16 U.S.C. 1852(c)(1)(B)) is amended by striking ``his'' and inserting ``such commander's''. (j) Section 302(c)(1)(C) (16 U.S.C. 1852(c)(1)(C)) is amended by striking ``his'' and inserting ``such executive director's''. (k) Section 302(f)(4) (16 U.S.C. 1852(f)(4)) is amended by striking ``he'' and inserting ``the Administrator of General Services''. (l) Section 302(j)(4) (16 U.S.C. 1852(j)(4)) is amended by striking ``his or her'' and inserting ``such individual's''. (m) Section 302(j)(7)(D) (16 U.S.C. 1852(j)(7)(D)) is amended by striking ``he or she'' each place such term appears and inserting ``such individual''. (n) Section 309(a) (16 U.S.C. 1859(a)) is amended by striking ``he'' and inserting ``such person''. (o) Section 311(b)(1)(A)(i) (16 U.S.C. 1861(b)(1)(A)(i)) is amended by striking ``he'' and inserting ``such officer''. (p) Section 311(b)(2) (16 U.S.C. 1861(b)(2)) is amended-- (1) by striking ``he'' and inserting ``such person''; and (2) by striking ``his'' and inserting ``such person's''. SEC. 6. CONFORMING AMENDMENTS TO TABLE OF CONTENTS OF MAGNUSON-STEVENS FISHERY CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT ACT. The table of contents is amended to read as follows: ``TABLE OF CONTENTS ``Sec. 2. Findings, purposes, and policy. ``Sec. 3. Definitions. ``Sec. 4. Authorization of appropriations. ``TITLE I--UNITED STATES RIGHTS AND AUTHORITY REGARDING FISH AND FISHERY RESOURCES ``Sec. 101. United States sovereign rights to fish and fishery management authority. ``Sec. 102. Highly migratory species. ``TITLE II--FOREIGN FISHING AND INTERNATIONAL FISHERY AGREEMENTS ``Sec. 201. Foreign fishing. ``Sec. 202. International fishery agreements. ``Sec. 203. Congressional oversight of international fishery agreements. ``Sec. 204. Permits for foreign fishing. ``Sec. 205. Import prohibitions. ``Sec. 206. Large-scale driftnet fishing. ``Sec. 207. International monitoring and compliance. ``TITLE III--NATIONAL FISHERY MANAGEMENT PROGRAM ``Sec. 301. National standards for fishery conservation and management. ``Sec. 302. Regional fishery management councils. ``Sec. 303. Contents of fishery management plans. ``Sec. 304. Action by the Secretary. ``Sec. 305. Other requirements and authority. ``Sec. 306. State jurisdiction. ``Sec. 307. Prohibited Acts. ``Sec. 308. Civil penalties and permit sanctions. ``Sec. 309. Criminal offenses. ``Sec. 310. Civil forfeitures. ``Sec. 311. Enforcement. ``Sec. 312. Transition to sustainable fisheries. ``Sec. 313. North Pacific fisheries conservation. ``Sec. 314. Northwest Atlantic Ocean fisheries reinvestment program. ``Sec. 315. Regional Coastal Disaster Assistance, Transition, and Recovery Program. ``Sec. 316. Bycatch Reduction Engineering Program. ``Sec. 317. Shark Feeding. ``Sec. 318. Cooperative Research and Management Program. ``Sec. 319. Herring Study. ``Sec. 320. Restoration Study. ``Sec. 321. Required possession of descending devices. ``Sec. 322. Increasing resilience of stocks of fish to climate change. ``TITLE IV--FISHERY MONITORING AND RESEARCH ``Sec. 401. Registration and information management. ``Sec. 402. Information collection. ``Sec. 403. Observers. ``Sec. 404. Fisheries research. ``Sec. 405. Incidental harvest research. ``Sec. 406. Fisheries systems research. ``Sec. 407. Gulf of Mexico red snapper research. ``Sec. 408. Deep sea coral research and technology program. ``Sec. 409. Recreational data improvement program.''. TITLE I--CLIMATE-READY FISHERIES SEC. 101. FINDINGS, PURPOSES, AND POLICY. Section 2 (16 U.S.C. 1801) is amended-- (1) in subsection (a)-- (A) by amending paragraph (2) to read as follows: ``(2) Certain stocks of fish have declined to the point where their survival is threatened, and other stocks of fish have been so substantially reduced in number that they could become similarly threatened as a consequence of-- ``(A) increased fishing pressure; ``(B) inadequate fishery resource conservation and management practices and controls; ``(C) direct and indirect habitat losses that result in a diminished capacity to support existing fishing levels; or ``(D) changing environmental conditions, including those associated with climate change.''; (B) in paragraph (6), by striking ``to insure conservation,'' and inserting ``to ensure conservation, to account for the impacts of environmental changes on stocks of fish,''; (C) by amending paragraph (9) to read as follows: ``(9) One of the greatest long-term threats to the viability of commercial and recreational fisheries is the continuing degradation of marine ecosystems, including the loss of marine, estuarine, and other aquatic habitats, including as a result of changing environmental conditions associated with climate change. Habitat and ecosystem considerations should receive increased attention for the conservation and management of fishery resources of the United States.''; and (D) by adding at the end the following: ``(14) Environmental changes associated with climate change, including changes in water temperature, ocean acidification, and deoxygenation, are rapidly altering the abundance, productivity, and distribution of fish and are affecting commercial, recreational, and subsistence fisheries. ``(15) The impacts of climate change on fish and their habitats are resulting in management and sustainability challenges that threaten to negatively impact marine ecosystems, fishery resources, and coastal communities. ``(16) Many factors beyond the direct impacts of fishing can contribute to a decline in abundance of a stock of fish, resulting in depleted stocks of fish and threatening the stability of ecosystems and fishing communities, including climate change, pollution, habitat and watershed degradation, inadequate freshwater resources, and industrial uses of the ocean. The designation of a stock of fish as overfished indicates that it is depleted and management actions are necessary to allow the stock of fish to rebuild, regardless of the cause of depletion.''; (2) in subsection (b), by amending paragraph (5) to read as follows: ``(5) to establish Regional Fishery Management Councils to exercise sound judgement in the stewardship of fishery resources through the preparation, monitoring, and revision of such plans under circumstances-- ``(A) which will enable the States, the fishing industry, consumer and environmental organizations, and other interested persons to participate in, and advise on, the establishment and administration of such plans; ``(B) which take into account the social and economic needs of the States; and ``(C) which address the impacts of environmental conditions associated with climate change on stocks of fish, marine ecosystems, fisheries management, and coastal communities;''; and (3) in subsection (c)-- (A) in paragraph (6), by striking ``and'' at the end; (B) in paragraph (7), by striking the period at the end and inserting a semicolon; and (C) by adding at the end the following: ``(8) to promote management that accounts for changes in stocks of fish and the marine environment that result from climate change; and ``(9) to ensure that the research, resource management, and expenditures to prepare fisheries and fishing communities for climate change include indigenous, insular, and coastal populations in decisionmaking and promote equity with respect to environmental, economic, and social outcomes across fisheries and regions.''. SEC. 102. PROMOTING CLIMATE RESILIENCE IN FISHERIES MANAGEMENT. (a) In General.--Section 303(a) (16 U.S.C. 1853(a)) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1)(A)-- (A) by striking ``and'' before ``to protect''; and (B) by inserting ``, and to promote the resilience of stocks of fish to cumulative stressors, including cumulative stressors associated with climate change'' before the semicolon at the end; (2) in paragraph (3), by inserting ``including considering the impacts of climate change,'' after ``fishery,''; (3) in paragraph (8), by striking ``1991'' and inserting ``2024'', and by inserting ``, including data needed to implement the plan effectively under prevailing and anticipated environmental or ecological conditions, including climate change'' before the semicolon at the end; (4) in paragraph (13), by inserting ``as well as examine the vulnerability of the fishery and fishery participants to the impacts of prevailing and anticipated environmental or ecological conditions, including climate change'' before the semicolon at the end; (5) in paragraph (14), by striking ``and;'' and inserting a semicolon; (6) in paragraph (15), by striking the period at the end and inserting a semicolon; and (7) by adding at the end the following: ``(16) assess and describe the anticipated impacts of climate change and other environmental and ecological changes on the fishery, including an assessment of whether and how the management measures contained in the plan or plan amendment have accounted for such impacts, and a summary of the information used in such assessment; and ``(17) describe and identify the current range and distribution of, and fishing patterns on, each stock of fish managed under the plan, including areas outside the jurisdiction of the Council having authority to issue the plan, and for each stock of fish the distribution of which crosses management boundaries, describe the measures used to coordinate with other relevant management bodies for the conservation and management of each such stock of fish.''. (b) Increasing Resilience of Stocks of Fish to Climate Change.-- Title III (16 U.S.C. 1851 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``SEC. 322. INCREASING RESILIENCE OF STOCKS OF FISH TO CLIMATE CHANGE. ``(a) Vulnerability Assessment.--Not later than 3 years after the date of the enactment of the Sustaining America's Fisheries for the Future Act of 2024, and every 5 years thereafter, the Secretary shall-- ``(1) assess the vulnerability of stocks of fish within the geographical area of authority of each Council to climate change; ``(2) notify each Council of the vulnerability of stocks of fish within such geographical area; and ``(3) make recommendations to each Council for measures to increase the resilience of stocks of fish within such geographical area identified as vulnerable to climate change. ``(b) Council Prioritization Plans.-- ``(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after receiving a notification from the Secretary under subsection (a), each Council shall publish a plan identifying management actions to increase resilience of the stocks of fish identified as vulnerable to climate change and begin implementing such management actions. ``(2) Highly migratory species.--With respect to stocks of fish managed under section 302(a)(3), not later than 1 year after issuing a notification under subsection (a), the Secretary shall publish a plan identifying management actions to increase resilience of such stocks of fish identified as vulnerable to climate change and begin implementing such management actions. ``(3) Report.--Not later than 3 years after publishing a plan under paragraph (1), each Council shall report to the Secretary on the actions the Council has taken to implement such plan or provide an explanation for not taking such action. ``(c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 3 years after the date of the enactment of the Sustaining America's Fisheries for the Future Act of 2024, and every 5 years thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report-- ``(1) describing the vulnerability of stocks of fish to climate change; ``(2) identifying the risks posed by climate change to the conservation and management of stocks of fish; and ``(3) summarizing the steps taken by the Secretary and the Councils to mitigate and address the impacts on and risks of climate change to stocks of fish.''. (c) Guidance for Councils.--Section 305 (16 U.S.C. 1855) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``(l) Guidance.--Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of the Sustaining America's Fisheries for the Future Act of 2024, the Secretary shall issue guidelines to assist the Councils in preparing and adapting fishery management for the impacts of climate change, including for consideration of climate change in the conservation and management of stocks of fish under the geographical area of authority of each Council.''. (d) Effective Date.--The amendments made by subsection (a) shall take effect on the date that is 4 years after the date of the enactment of this section. SEC. 103. INCORPORATING CLIMATE SCIENCE. (a) Council Training Program.--Section 302(k)(1) (16 U.S.C. 1852(k)(1)) is amended-- (1) by redesignating subparagraphs (C) through (H) as subparagraphs (D) through (I), respectively; (2) by redesignating subparagraph (I) as subparagraph (K); (3) by inserting after subparagraph (B) the following: ``(C) climate change and relevant impacts of climate change on fisheries health, range, and other factors that would affect the conservation and management of a stock of fish;''; (4) by striking ``and'' after the semicolon at the end of subparagraph (I), as so redesignated; and (5) by inserting after subparagraph (I), as so redesignated, the following: ``(J) ecosystem-based fishery management; and''. (b) Fisheries Research.--Section 404 (16 U.S.C. 1881c) is amended-- (1) in subsection (a), by inserting ``, on changes in geographic range, spatial distribution, and productivity of a fishery or interrelated fisheries,'' after ``management''; and (2) in subsection (c)(1), by inserting ``changes in geographic range, spatial distribution, and productivity of a fishery or interrelated fisheries,''after ``degradation,''. SEC. 104. CLIMATE-READY FISHERIES INNOVATION PROGRAM. (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this section, the Administrator shall establish a program to develop innovative tools and approaches designed to increase the adaptive capacity of fishery management to the impacts of climate change. (b) Duties.--In carrying out the program established under subsection (a), the Administrator shall-- (1) develop science and management tools and approaches that address regional and national priorities to improve the conservation and management of fishery resources under existing and anticipated climate impacts; (2) provide for routine input from fishery managers and scientists in order to maximize opportunities to incorporate results of the program in fishery management actions; (3) promote adoption of methods developed under the program in fishery management plans developed by the Councils; (4) provide information and outreach to the private and academic sectors to encourage development and operationalization of tools and approaches to manage the effects of climate change on fisheries; and (5) provide information and outreach to fishery participants to increase understanding and encourage adoption and use of tools and approaches developed under the program. (c) Coordination of Program.-- (1) In general.--In carrying out the program established under subsection (a), the Administrator shall establish a process to ensure coordination with and outreach to-- (A) regional offices and science centers of the National Marine Fisheries Service; (B) the Councils; (C) the scientific and statistical committees of the Councils; and (D) the heads of other relevant programs, including the cooperative research and management program established under section 318 (16 U.S.C. 1867), the Integrated Ocean Observing System, and programs within the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration designed to address ocean acidification. (2) Identification of research priorities.-- (A) In general.--Coordination carried out under paragraph (1) should include identification of multiyear research priorities to study and understand the current and anticipated impacts of climate change on fisheries, fisheries interactions, habitats, fishery participants, fishing communities, seafood markets, fisheries science and monitoring, or other relevant priorities. (B) Review.--The Administrator, in coordination with the entities described in subparagraphs (A) through (D) of paragraph (1), should routinely review the priorities identified under subparagraph (A) in a timeframe not to exceed 5 years and updated as necessary. (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be appropriated to the Administrator to carry out this section $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2025 through 2029. SEC. 105. MANAGING SHIFTING STOCKS OF FISH. (a) Cross-Jurisdictional Management.--Section 304(f) (16 U.S.C. 1854(f)) is amended to read as follows: ``(f) Fisheries Under Authority of More Than 1 Council.-- ``(1) Secretarial review of areas of authority.--The Secretary shall review the geographical area of authority of each Council to determine if a substantial portion of any federally managed fishery within such area is within the area of authority of another council-- ``(A) upon request of such Council; or ``(B) not less frequently than every 5 years. ``(2) Designation of council to prepare plan.--If the Secretary determines under paragraph (1) that a substantial portion of a federally managed fishery is located in the geographical area of authority of more than 1 Council, the Secretary shall, not later than 6 months after making such determination-- ``(A) designate 1 of the Councils concerned to prepare the fishery management plan for such fishery and any amendment to such plan, if required under this Act; or ``(B) designate that such plan and any such amendment, if required under this Act, be prepared jointly by the Councils concerned. ``(3) Deadline for submission of plan.--Not later than 2 years after the Secretary makes a designation under paragraph (2), the designated Council or Councils shall prepare and submit a fishery management plan or amendment in accordance with this Act. ``(4) Termination of cross-jurisdictional authority.-- ``(A) Request of council.--At the request of a Council or as a result of the review pursuant to paragraph (1), the Secretary shall determine whether a fishery described in paragraph (2) no longer has a substantial portion of such fishery located in the geographical area of authority of more than 1 Council. ``(B) Termination.-- ``(i) In general.--If the Secretary determines under subparagraph (A) that a fishery described in paragraph (2) no longer has a substantial portion of such fishery located in the geographical area of authority of more than 1 Council-- ``(I) the Secretary shall determine which Council has predominant geographic authority over the fishery; and ``(II) not later than 2 years after the date on which the determination under subclause (I) is made, and at such other times as required under this Act, the Council determined under such subclause shall adopt any existing fishery management plan for the fishery and shall prepare and submit any plan amendments necessary for transitioning to single-Council management as well as for any other purposes, in accordance with the provisions of this Act. ``(ii) Repeal of prior plan.-- Notwithstanding subsection (h), upon the date of adoption of a fishery management plan under clause (i)(II), any preceding fishery management plan with respect to such fishery is repealed. ``(5) Establishment of criteria.--The Secretary shall by regulation identify criteria for determining under paragraphs (1) and (5) whether a substantial portion of a federally managed fishery is located in the geographical area of authority of more than 1 Council. ``(6) Establishment of boundaries.--The Secretary shall establish the boundaries between the geographical areas of authority of adjacent Councils. ``(7) Requirement for majority of voting members.--No jointly prepared plan or amendment required to be prepared under this subsection may be submitted to the Secretary unless such plan or amendment is approved by a majority of the voting members, present and voting, of each Council concerned. ``(8) Highly migratory species in certain fisheries.--This subsection does not apply with respect to any fishery to which section 302(a)(3) applies.''. (b) International Cooperation in the Research and Management of Cross-Jurisdictional Fisheries.-- (1) In general.--The Secretary, in coordination with the Secretary of State where necessary, shall develop a strategy for coordinated research and management with other relevant nations with which the United States shares stocks of fish that are currently experiencing or are expected to experience shifts in geographic range or spatial distribution that spans or will span international boundaries, including within the same life stage or across life stages. (2) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of this section, the Secretary shall submit to the Congress a report that includes-- (A) a list of fisheries that are currently experiencing or are expected to experience shifts in geographic range or spatial distribution that spans or will span international boundaries and the relevant countries for each fishery or stock of a fishery's current or expected range and the relevant regional fisheries management organization or other international organizations or agreement with authority over the management of each fishery or stock of fish; (B) an analysis of priority research needs for each of these fisheries or stocks of fisheries that should be coordinated with other affected nations and relevant international management organizations; and (C) a 5-year strategy to undertake and complete such research, including a proposed budget and timeline for that work. SEC. 106. EMERGING FISHERIES. Section 305(a) (16 U.S.C. 1855(a)) is amended-- (1) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Notification of Entry'' and inserting ``Development of New Fisheries''; (2) in paragraph (1) to read as follows: ``(1) The Secretary shall publish in the Federal Register, subject to paragraph (3), and after notice and an opportunity for public comment-- ``(A) a list of all fisheries managed under this Act, organized by Federal region (or Secretarial management under section 302(a)(3), as applicable); and ``(B) with respect to each such fishery-- ``(i) the types of fishing gear authorized for use in such fishery; ``(ii) the jurisdiction (State, Federal, interstate, or otherwise) exercising management authority over such fishery; ``(iii) whether a fishery management plan or analogous management structure exists for the fishery; and ``(iv) the species authorized to be caught and retained in such fishery.''; (3) in paragraph (2), by striking ``determining'' and all that follows through the end of the paragraph and inserting ``determining--'' ``(A) when a fishery is sufficiently different from those listed as to constitute a new fishery; and ``(B) minimum criteria for a fishery to be considered managed under paragraph (1)(A), which, for federally managed fisheries, must include having a fishery management plan and associated regulations under this Act.''; (4) by redesignating paragraph (6) as paragraph (7); and (5) by striking paragraphs (3), (4), and (5) and inserting the following: ``(3) Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of the Sustaining America's Fisheries for the Future Act of 2024, and at least once every 5 years thereafter, each Council (or the Secretary for fisheries to which section 302(a)(3) applies) shall review the fisheries for which the Council is responsible on the list published under paragraph (1)(A) and submit to the Secretary proposed changes to such list in specific and narrow terms, including geographic range, to ensure that only managed fisheries are included on such list. ``(4) The Secretary shall review proposed changes pursuant to the guidelines established under paragraph (2) and publish a revised list, after notice and an opportunity for public comment. ``(5) The Secretary may permit, pursuant to section 318(d), on a limited interim basis, fishing activity that is not included on the list, if-- ``(A) the experimental fishing permit is designed and implemented so as to yield information necessary and currently lacking for the development of a fishery management plan or amendment to such plan under section 302(h)(1) and section 303; ``(B) the Secretary collects, evaluates, and, notwithstanding section 402(b), makes public the data generated by the experimental fishing activity at the end of each permit year, and based on such evaluation, the Council renders a determination of whether the fishing activity should be continued, either in the form of a subsequent year of experimental fishing under this paragraph, or in the form of a fishery managed under a fishery management plan pursuant to section 302(h)(1) and section 303; and ``(C) the data collected from, and the evaluation of the Secretary of, the fishing activity are included in any fishery management plan or amendment that is prepared for management of the fishing activity. ``(6) No person or vessel may employ fishing gear or engage in a fishery not included on the list except as provided in paragraph (4). A Council may request the Secretary to promulgate emergency regulations under subsection (c) to prohibit any persons or vessels from using an unlisted fishing gear or engaging in an unlisted fishery.''. SEC. 107. REPORT REGARDING INSHORE AND SHALLOW WATER MOBILE GEAR FISHING. Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this title, the Secretary shall conduct a study and submit to Congress, the Councils, State fisheries managers, and the regional Marine Fisheries Commissions a report regarding the effects of inshore and shallow water mobile gear fishing on habitat and nontarget species and the effects it has between interstate boundaries and Federal and State waters. TITLE II--SUPPORTING FISHING COMMUNITIES SEC. 201. SUBSISTENCE FISHING. (a) Purposes.--Section 2(b)(3) (16 U.S.C. 1801(b)(3)) is amended by inserting ``, subsistence,'' after ``commercial''. (b) Definition of Subsistence Fishing.--Section 3 (16 U.S.C. 1802) is amended by inserting after paragraph (42) the following: ``(42A)(A) Subsistence fishing.--The term `subsistence fishing' means fishing in which the fish harvested are intended for customary and traditional uses, including-- ``(i) for direct or sharing personal, family, or community consumption, including as food, shelter, clothing, or tools; ``(ii) for the making or selling of handicraft articles out of nonedible byproducts of subsistence fishing; ``(iii) for barter; and ``(iv) for customary trade. ``(B) In this paragraph-- ``(i) the term `family' means all persons related by blood, marriage, or adoption, or any person living within the household on a permanent basis; and ``(ii) the term `barter' means the exchange of a fish or fish part harvested through subsistence fishing-- ``(I) for another fish or fish part; or ``(II) for other food or for nonedible items other than money if the exchange is of a limited and noncommercial nature.''. SEC. 202. WORKING WATERFRONTS GRANT PROGRAM. The Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1451 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 306A of that Act (16 U.S.C. 1455a) the following: ``SEC. 306B. WORKING WATERFRONTS. ``(a) Task Force.-- ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a task force to work directly with covered entities, users of working waterfronts, and coastal stakeholders to identify and address critical needs with respect to working waterfronts. ``(2) Membership.--The Secretary shall appoint members of the Task Force, and shall include-- ``(A) experts in the unique economic, social, cultural, ecological, geographic, and resource concerns of working waterfronts; and ``(B) representatives from-- ``(i) the Office of Coastal Management of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; ``(ii) the United States Fish and Wildlife Service; ``(iii) the Department of Agriculture; ``(iv) the Environmental Protection Agency; ``(v) the United States Geological Survey; ``(vi) the Department of the Navy; ``(vii) the National Marine Fisheries Service; ``(viii) the Economic Development Administration; ``(ix) such other Federal agencies as the Secretary determines appropriate; ``(x) Indian Tribes; and ``(xi) Native Hawaiian organizations. ``(3) Functions.--The Task Force shall-- ``(A) identify and prioritize critical needs with respect to working waterfronts in coastal states that have a management program approved under section 306, in the areas of-- ``(i) economic and cultural importance of such working waterfronts to communities; ``(ii) changing circumstances and threats such working waterfronts face from trade barriers and environmental changes, including sea level rise, extreme weather events, ocean acidification, and harmful algal blooms; and ``(iii) identifying such working waterfronts and highlighting them within communities; ``(B) outline options, in consultation with coastal states and coastal stakeholders, to address each critical need identified under subparagraph (A), including adaptation and mitigation options where applicable; ``(C) identify which Federal agency is responsible for addressing each critical need identified under subparagraph (A); and ``(D) recommend which Federal agency is best suited to address each critical need identified under subparagraph (A) for which no responsible Federal agency is identified under subparagraph (C). ``(4) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the date of the enactment of this section, the Task Force shall submit to Congress a report regarding the findings of the Task Force under this subsection. ``(5) Implementation.--Not later than 30 months after the date of the enactment of this section, the head of each Federal agency identified under paragraph (3)(C) shall, to the extent practicable and subject to the availability of appropriations, implement the options outlined under paragraph (3)(B). ``(b) Working Waterfronts Plan.-- ``(1) In general.--A covered entity may submit to the Secretary a working waterfronts plan for approval under this subsection, which, as applicable and with respect to the covered entity-- ``(A) shall-- ``(i) provide for the preservation and expansion of access to coastal waters by coastal users; ``(ii) be complementary to and incorporate the policies, objectives, and regulations of regional and local working waterfronts plans or strategies in effect before the date of the enactment of this section; ``(iii) be developed through a process that-- ``(I) ensures the involvement of coastal stakeholders; and ``(II) is consistent with other coastal management programs, regulations, and activities of the covered entity; ``(iv) designate each qualified holder of the covered entity, if any; ``(v) if the covered entity designates a qualified holder under clause (iv)-- ``(I) ensure that such qualified holder complies with the duty of a qualified holder to enforce each working waterfront covenant to which the qualified holder is a party; and ``(II) certify that the covered entity retains the responsibility to ensure that each affected working waterfront is managed in a manner that is consistent with the working waterfronts plan of the covered entity; and ``(vi) include-- ``(I) an assessment of the economic, social, cultural, and historical value of working waterfronts; ``(II) a description of any relevant non-Federal laws and regulations that affect working waterfronts in the geographic areas identified under subclauses (III) and (IV); ``(III) an identification of geographic areas where working waterfronts are, as of the date of the enactment of this subsection, under threat of conversion to uses incompatible with commercial and recreational fishing, recreational fishing and boating businesses, aquaculture, boatbuilding, or other water-dependent, coastal-related business, and the level of that threat; ``(IV) an identification of geographic areas with a historical connection to working waterfronts where working waterfronts are not, as of the date of the enactment of this section, available, and, where appropriate, an assessment of the environmental impacts of any expansion or new development of working waterfronts on the coastal ecosystems of such geographic areas; ``(V) an identification of additional working waterfronts needs, including improvements to existing working waterfronts; ``(VI) a strategic and prioritized plan for the preservation, expansion, and improvement of each relevant working waterfront; ``(VII) for geographic areas identified under subclauses (III) and (IV), an identification of the current availability and potential for expansion of public access to coastal waters in such geographic areas; ``(VIII) a description of the degree of community support for the plan included under subclause (VI); and ``(IX) a contingency plan for any property that reverts to the covered entity pursuant to a determination made by the covered entity under subsection (c)(11)(B); and ``(B) may-- ``(i) be developed using existing information contained in relevant surveys, plans, or other documents to fulfill the information requirements under this paragraph; ``(ii) include a vulnerability assessment, hazards resilience plan, or identification of waterfront properties exposed to sea level rise or inundation; and ``(iii) be part of a management program approved under section 306. ``(2) Duration of approval.-- ``(A) In general.--A working waterfronts plan approved by the Secretary under this subsection shall be effective during the 5-year period beginning on the date of such approval. ``(B) Maintenance of approval.--An eligible covered entity that participates in the grant program on the basis of an approved working waterfronts plan of that eligible covered entity shall resubmit such working waterfronts plan for approval by the Secretary before the end of each 5-year period described in subparagraph (A). ``(c) Working Waterfronts Grant Program.-- ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall, in consultation with covered entities, Federal agencies the Secretary determines appropriate, and interested coastal stakeholders with expertise in working waterfronts planning, establish a regionally equitable and competitive grant program, to be known as the `Working Waterfronts Grant Program'. ``(2) Uses.--The Secretary may award grants under this subsection to eligible covered entities-- ``(A) to implement or revise an approved working waterfronts plan of such eligible covered entity, including-- ``(i) acquiring a working waterfront or an interest in a working waterfront; ``(ii) making improvements to a working waterfront, including constructing or repairing wharfs, boat ramps, or related facilities; or ``(iii) carrying out necessary climate adaptation mitigation activities for a working waterfront; or ``(B) to develop a working waterfronts plan of such eligible covered entity under subsection (b). ``(3) Application.-- ``(A) In general.--To be eligible for a grant under this subsection, an eligible covered entity shall submit an application to the Secretary-- ``(i) that, if applicable, is consistent with the management program of the eligible covered entity approved under section 306; and ``(ii) in such form, at such time, and containing such information as the Secretary determines appropriate. ``(B) Deadline.--Not later than 60 days after the date on which the Secretary receives an application for a grant under this paragraph, the Secretary shall approve or reject such application. ``(4) Guidelines.--The Secretary shall, in consultation with the entities described in paragraph (1), issue guidelines regarding the implementation of the grant program. ``(5) Criteria.--In awarding a grant to an eligible covered entity, the Secretary shall take into account the following criteria: ``(A) The economic, cultural, and historical significance of working waterfronts to the eligible covered entity. ``(B) The demonstrated working waterfronts needs of the eligible covered entity, as described in the approved working waterfronts plan of the eligible covered entity, if any. ``(C) The ability of the eligible covered entity to meet the matching requirement under paragraph (10). ``(D) The potential for rapid turnover in the ownership of relevant working waterfronts, and, if applicable, the need for the eligible covered entity to respond quickly when property in an existing or potential working waterfront area or public access area, as identified in the approved working waterfronts plan of the eligible covered entity, if any, comes under threat of conversion to incompatible uses or becomes available for purchase. ``(E) As applicable, the impact of the approved working waterfronts plan of the eligible covered entity, if any, on the coastal ecosystem and working waterfronts of the eligible covered entity and the users of the coastal ecosystem of the eligible covered entity. ``(6) Other technical and financial assistance.-- ``(A) In general.--Upon the request of an eligible covered entity that is awarded a grant under this subsection, the Secretary shall provide to such eligible covered entity technical assistance-- ``(i) to identify and obtain sources of Federal technical or financial assistance other than that provided under this subsection to develop a working waterfronts plan for approval under subsection (b) or to implement or revise an approved working waterfronts plan; ``(ii) to develop a working waterfronts plan for approval under subsection (b); ``(iii) to implement or revise an approved working waterfronts plan; ``(iv) to integrate resilience planning into working waterfronts preservation efforts of such eligible covered entity; ``(v) to develop additional tools to protect working waterfronts; ``(vi) regarding guidance for best storm water management practices with regard to working waterfronts; or ``(vii) to collect and disseminate best practices regarding working waterfronts and resilience planning. ``(B) Limitation.--The Secretary may use not more than 5 percent of the amounts made available under this subsection in each fiscal year to provide technical assistance under this paragraph. ``(7) Public access requirement.--A project carried out with a grant awarded under this subsection, other than a project that involves commercial fishing or other industrial access points to which the eligible covered entity determines public access would be unsafe, shall provide for the expansion, improvement, or preservation of reasonable and appropriate public access to coastal waters at or in the vicinity of working waterfronts. ``(8) Limitation on acquisition.--An eligible covered entity that is awarded a grant under this subsection, or any entity to which such eligible covered entity allocates a portion of such grant under paragraph (9), may use such grant award to acquire title to or an interest in a working waterfront, including an easement, only-- ``(A) for fair market value from a willing seller; or ``(B) for less than fair market value from a seller that certifies to the Secretary that the seller is willing and is not subject to coercion. ``(9) Allocation.-- ``(A) In general.--An eligible covered entity that is awarded a grant under this subsection may allocate a portion of such grant award to a unit of State or local government, a nonprofit organization, a fishing cooperative, or any other appropriate entity for the purpose of carrying out this subsection if such eligible covered entity ensures that any such allocated grant award is used consistently with this subsection. ``(B) Identified working waterfronts.--The Secretary shall encourage each eligible covered entity that is awarded a grant under this subsection to equitably allocate such grant award among working waterfronts identified in the approved working waterfronts plan of each such eligible covered entity, if any. ``(10) Matching requirement.-- ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the Federal share of a project carried out with a grant awarded under this subsection may not exceed 75 percent. ``(B) Waiver of matching requirement.--The Secretary may waive the application of subparagraph (A)-- ``(i) with respect to an eligible covered entity that is awarded a grant under this subsection that has designated a qualified holder that is located within-- ``(I) a disadvantaged community; or ``(II) a community that has an inability to draw on other sources of funding because of the small population or low income of the community; or ``(ii) for any other reason the Secretary determines appropriate. ``(C) Non-federal share.--An eligible covered entity that is awarded a grant under this subsection may satisfy the non-Federal share of a project carried out with a grant awarded under this subsection through in-kind contributions and other noncash support, including the following: ``(i) The value, as determined by an appraisal performed at such time before the award of the grant as the Secretary determines appropriate, of a working waterfront or an interest in a working waterfront, including conservation and other easements, that is held in perpetuity by a qualified holder, if the working waterfront or interest in a working waterfront-- ``(I) is identified in the grant application; and ``(II) is acquired by the qualified holder not later than 3 years after-- ``(aa) the grant award date; or ``(bb) the date of the submission of such application and before the end of the initial 5-year period for which the approved working waterfronts plan associated with the grant application, if any, is effective. ``(ii) The costs, including cash or in-kind contributions, associated with the acquisition, restoration, or enhancement of, or making other improvements to, a working waterfront or an interest in a working waterfront, if-- ``(I) such costs are identified in the grant application; and ``(II) the costs are incurred-- ``(aa) before the end of the initial 5-year period for which the approved working waterfronts plan associated with the grant application, if any, is effective; or ``(bb) for working waterfronts described in clause (i), within the time limits described in that clause. ``(11) Working waterfront covenants.-- ``(A) In general.--An eligible covered entity that is awarded a grant under this subsection may use such grant award with respect to a working waterfront only for which each person other than the eligible covered entity that holds title to or an interest in such working waterfront enters into a working waterfront covenant. ``(B) Violation.-- ``(i) In general.--An eligible covered entity may determine, on the record after an opportunity for a hearing, that a working waterfront covenant of the eligible covered entity has been violated. ``(ii) Reversion; conveyance; right of immediate entry.--If an eligible covered entity makes a determination under clause (i) that a violation described under that clause has occurred-- ``(I) all right, title, and interest in and to the working waterfront covered by the violated working waterfront covenant shall revert to the eligible covered entity; ``(II) the eligible covered entity may convey the working waterfront or interest in the working waterfront to a qualified holder; and ``(III) the eligible covered entity shall have the right of immediate entry onto the working waterfront covered by the violated working waterfront covenant. ``(12) Terms and conditions.--The Secretary shall subject each grant awarded under this subsection to such terms and conditions as the Secretary determines appropriate to ensure that each such grant is used for purposes consistent with this section. ``(13) Report.-- ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall biennially submit to Congress a report regarding the implementation of this subsection, which shall include-- ``(i) an evaluation, based on performance measures developed by the Secretary, of the effectiveness of the grant program in accomplishing the purposes of this subsection; ``(ii) an account of all expenditures under this subsection; and ``(iii) descriptions of each project carried out using a grant awarded under this section. ``(B) Alternative manner of submission.--The Secretary may submit each report required under subparagraph (A) by including the information required under that subparagraph in each report required under section 316. ``(14) Administrative expenses.--The Secretary may use not more than 5 percent of the amounts made available under this subsection in each fiscal year to pay the administrative expenses necessary to carry out this subsection. ``(15) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2025 through 2029. ``(d) Definitions.--In this section: ``(1) Approved working waterfronts plan.--The term `approved working waterfronts plan' means a working waterfronts plan that is approved by the Secretary under subsection (b). ``(2) Coastal indian tribe.--The term `coastal Indian Tribe' means an Indian Tribe with respect to which land owned by the Indian Tribe, held in trust by the United States for the Indian Tribe, or held by the Indian Tribe and subject to restrictions on alienation imposed by the United States or the reservation of the Indian Tribe is located within a coastal state. ``(3) Coastal users.--The term `coastal users' means-- ``(A) persons that engage in commercial or recreational fishing; ``(B) recreational fishing and boating businesses; and ``(C) boatbuilding, aquaculture, and other water- dependent, coastal-related businesses. ``(4) Covered entity.--The term `covered entity' means-- ``(A) a coastal state; ``(B) a coastal Indian Tribe; or ``(C) a Native Hawaiian organization. ``(5) Eligible covered entity.--The term `eligible covered entity' means a covered entity that-- ``(A) has an approved working waterfronts plan; ``(B) is in the process of developing a working waterfronts plan for approval under subsection (b); or ``(C) has a coastal land use plan that the Secretary determines is sufficient for the purposes of this section. ``(6) Grant program.--The term `grant program' means the grant program established under subsection (c). ``(7) Indian tribe.--The term `Indian Tribe' has the meaning given the term in section 4 of the Indian Self- Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304). ``(8) Native hawaiian organization.--The term `Native Hawaiian organization' means a nonprofit organization-- ``(A) that serves the interests of Native Hawaiians; ``(B) in which Native Hawaiians serve in substantive and policymaking positions; ``(C) that is recognized for having expertise in Native Hawaiian culture and heritage, including tourism; and ``(D) is located within a coastal state. ``(9) Qualified holder.--The term `qualified holder' means-- ``(A) a unit of local government of a covered entity, if the covered entity is a coastal state; or ``(B) a nonprofit organization; that is designated by a covered entity in the approved working waterfronts plan of the covered entity to carry out some or all of the functions of the covered entity under the grant program if the covered entity applies for and is awarded a grant under the grant program, including holding title to or an interest in a working waterfront acquired with a grant awarded under the grant program. ``(10) Task force.--The term `Task Force' means the task force established under subsection (a)(1). ``(11) Disadvantaged community.--The term `disadvantaged community' means a community the Secretary determines, based on appropriate data, indices, and screening tools, is economically, socially, or environmentally disadvantaged. ``(12) Working waterfront.--The term `working waterfront' means real property (including support structures over water and other facilities) that-- ``(A) provides access to coastal waters by coastal users; and ``(B) is used for, or supports, commercial and recreational fishing, recreational fishing and boating businesses, and boatbuilding, aquaculture, and other water-dependent, coastal-related business. ``(13) Working waterfront covenant.--The term `working waterfront covenant' means an agreement in recordable form entered into between a person that holds title to or an interest in a working waterfront and a covered entity that is awarded a grant under the grant program or a qualified holder of such covered entity that provides such assurances as the Secretary determines necessary to ensure the following: ``(A) Except as provided in subparagraph (C), the title to or interest in the working waterfront will be held by an entity that is subject to such agreement in perpetuity. ``(B) The working waterfront will be managed in a manner that is consistent with the purposes of this section, and the working waterfront will not be converted to any use that is inconsistent with this section. ``(C) If the title to or interest in the working waterfront is subsequently sold or otherwise exchanged-- ``(i) each party involved in such sale or exchange shall accede to such agreement; and ``(ii) funds equal to the fair market value of the title to or interest in the working waterfront shall be paid to the Secretary by the parties to the sale or exchange, and such funds shall be, at the discretion of the Secretary, paid to the relevant covered entity or a qualified holder of such covered entity for use in the implementation of the approved working waterfronts plan of the covered entity. ``(D) Such agreement shall be subject to enforcement and oversight by the covered entity or by another person as the Secretary determines appropriate. ``SEC. 306C. WORKING WATERFRONTS PRESERVATION LOAN FUND. ``(a) General Authority.-- ``(1) Grants to eligible coastal states to establish working waterfronts preservation loan funds.-- ``(A) In general.--The Secretary may enter into an agreement with an eligible coastal state to issue a capitalization grant, including a letter of credit, to such eligible coastal state to implement the approved working waterfronts plan of such eligible coastal state. ``(B) Establishment of working waterfronts preservation loan funds.-- ``(i) In general.--To be eligible to receive a capitalization grant under this subsection, an eligible coastal state shall establish a working waterfronts preservation loan fund. ``(ii) Deposit.--Each capitalization grant made to an eligible coastal state under this paragraph shall be deposited in the working waterfronts preservation loan fund of such eligible coastal state. ``(C) Extended period.--A capitalization grant made to an eligible coastal state under this section shall be available to the eligible coastal state for obligation for a period of 2 fiscal years. ``(2) Use of funds.-- ``(A) In general.--An eligible coastal state shall use amounts deposited in the working waterfronts preservation loan fund of such eligible coastal state, including loan repayments and interest earned on such amounts, to provide financial assistance described in subsection (f) to a covered entity to implement the approved working waterfronts plan of such eligible coastal state through preservation, improvement, restoration, rehabilitation, and acquisition of working waterfronts pursuant to criteria established by the Secretary. ``(B) Sale of bonds.--A covered entity may use amounts received under this section as a source of revenue (restricted solely to interest earnings of the applicable working waterfronts preservation loan fund) or security for payment of the principal and interest on a revenue or general obligation bond issued by the eligible coastal state to provide matching funds under subsection (e) if the proceeds of the sale of the bond will be deposited in the working waterfronts preservation loan fund of such eligible coastal state. ``(C) No increased bonding authority.--Amounts deposited in the working waterfronts preservation loan fund of an eligible coastal state may not be used as a source of payment of, or security for (directly or indirectly), in whole or in part, any obligation the interest on which is exempt from the tax imposed under chapter 1 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. ``(3) Limitation.--An eligible coastal state may not provide financial assistance described in subsection (f) to a covered entity that does not have the technical, managerial, and financial capability to ensure compliance with the requirements of this section. ``(4) Prevailing wages.--The Secretary shall ensure compliance with the provisions of the Act of March 3, 1931 (40 U.S.C. 3141 et seq.; commonly known as the `Davis-Bacon Act') with respect to any construction project carried out in whole or in part with financial assistance made available from a working waterfronts preservation loan fund. ``(5) Reservation.--Each eligible coastal state that enters into a capitalization agreement under paragraph (1) shall, each fiscal year, reserve 0.2 percent of the amount in the working waterfronts preservation loan fund of the eligible coastal state to provide financial assistance described in subsection (f) to an Indian Tribe or a Native Hawaiian organization. ``(b) Intended Use Plans.-- ``(1) In general.--Each eligible coastal state that enters into a capitalization agreement under subsection (a)(1) shall annually prepare an intended use plan, subject to notice and an opportunity for public comment, that identifies the intended uses of the amounts available to the working waterfronts preservation loan fund of the eligible coastal state. ``(2) Contents.--Each intended use plan prepared by an eligible coastal state under paragraph (1) shall include, with respect to the eligible coastal state-- ``(A) a list of each project to be assisted with amounts from the working waterfronts preservation loan fund in the first fiscal year that begins after the date such intended use plan is finalized, including, with respect to each such project-- ``(i) a description of the project; ``(ii) the expected terms of financial assistance; and ``(iii) the size of the community served; ``(B) the criteria and methods established to distribute amounts from the working waterfronts preservation loan fund; and ``(C) a description of the financial status of the working waterfronts preservation loan fund and the short- and long-term goals of such working waterfronts preservation loan fund. ``(c) Working Waterfronts Preservation Loan Fund Management.-- ``(1) In general.--Each working waterfronts preservation loan fund under this section shall be established, maintained, and credited with repayments and interest and the fund corpus shall be available in perpetuity to provide financial assistance described in subsection (f) to covered entities under this section. ``(2) Extra amounts.--To the extent amounts in a working waterfronts preservation loan fund are not required for obligation or expenditure, such amounts shall be invested in interest-bearing obligations. ``(d) Assistance for Disadvantaged Communities.-- ``(1) Loan subsidy.-- ``(A) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of this section, if an eligible coastal state makes a loan to a disadvantaged community pursuant to subsection (a)(2), the eligible coastal state may provide additional subsidization to such disadvantaged community, including-- ``(i) forgiveness of principal; ``(ii) grants; ``(iii) negative interest loans; ``(iv) other loan forgiveness; and ``(v) through buying, refinancing, or restructuring debt. ``(B) Exclusion.--A loan from a working waterfronts preservation loan fund with an interest rate equal to or greater than 0 percent shall not be considered additional subsidization for the purposes of this subsection. ``(2) Total amount of subsidies.--Of the amount of a capitalization grant received by an eligible coastal state for any fiscal year, the total amount of loan subsidies made by such eligible coastal state pursuant to paragraph (1)-- ``(A) may not exceed 35 percent; and ``(B) to the extent that there are, as determined by the Secretary, sufficient applications from disadvantaged communities for loans, may not be less than 12 percent. ``(e) Eligible Coastal State Contribution.--Each capitalization agreement entered into under subsection (a)(1) shall require that the eligible coastal state subject to such agreement deposit in the working waterfronts preservation loan fund of the eligible coastal state an amount equal to not less than 20 percent of the total amount of the capitalization grant to be made to the eligible coastal state on or before the date on which the capitalization grant payment is made to the eligible coastal state. ``(f) Types of Assistance.--The amounts deposited into a working waterfronts preservation loan fund of an eligible coastal state under this section may be used by the eligible coastal state-- ``(1) to make a loan to a covered entity, on the condition that-- ``(A) the interest rate for the loan does not exceed the market rate; ``(B) principal and interest payments on the loan will commence not later than 18 months after completion of the project for which the loan was made; ``(C) the loan will be fully amortized not later than 30 years after the completion of the project, except that in the case of a disadvantaged community an eligible coastal state may provide an extended term for the loan, if the extended term-- ``(i) terminates not later than the date that is 40 years after the completion of the project; and ``(ii) does not exceed the expected design life of the project; ``(D) the recipient of the loan will establish a dedicated source of revenue (or, in the case of a privately owned working waterfront property, demonstrate that there is adequate security) for the repayment of the loan; and ``(E) the working waterfronts preservation loan fund of the eligible coastal state will be credited with all payments of principal and interest on the loan; ``(2) to buy or refinance the debt obligation of a municipality or an intermunicipal or interstate agency within the eligible coastal state at an interest rate that is less than or equal to the market interest rate; ``(3) to guarantee, or purchase insurance for, a local obligation (all of the proceeds of which finance a project eligible for financial assistance under this section) if the guarantee or purchase would improve credit market access or reduce the interest rate applicable to the obligation; ``(4) as a source of revenue or security for the payment of principal and interest on a revenue or general obligation bond issued by the eligible coastal state if the proceeds of the sale of the bond will be deposited into the working waterfronts preservation loan fund of the eligible coastal state; or ``(5) to earn interest on the amounts deposited into the working waterfronts preservation loan fund of the eligible coastal state. ``(g) Administration of Working Waterfronts Preservation Loan Funds.-- ``(1) Combined financial administration.--Notwithstanding subsection (c), an eligible coastal state may combine the financial administration of a working waterfronts preservation loan fund of the eligible coastal state with the financial administration of any other revolving fund established by the eligible coastal state if the Secretary determines that the capitalization grants made under this section, together with loan repayments and interest, will be separately accounted for and used solely for the purposes specified in subsection (a). ``(2) Cost of administering working waterfronts preservation loan fund.-- ``(A) In general.--For each fiscal year, an eligible coastal state may use the amount described in subparagraph (B)-- ``(i) to cover the reasonable costs of administration of the programs under this section, including the recovery of reasonable costs expended to establish a working waterfronts preservation loan fund that are incurred after the date of the enactment of this section; and ``(ii) to provide technical assistance to working waterfronts projects carried out within the eligible coastal state. ``(B) Description of amount.--The amount referred to in subparagraph (A) is an amount equal to the sum of-- ``(i) the amount of any fees collected by the eligible coastal state for use in accordance with subparagraph (A)(i), regardless of the source; and ``(ii) the greater of-- ``(I) $400,000; ``(II) 0.2 percent of the current valuation of the working waterfronts preservation loan fund of the eligible coastal state; or ``(III) an amount equal to 4 percent of all grant awards made to the working waterfronts preservation loan fund of the eligible coastal state under this section for the fiscal year. ``(h) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2025 through 2029. ``(i) Definitions.--In this section: ``(1) Approved working waterfronts plan.--The term `approved working waterfronts plan' has the meaning given the term in section 306B. ``(2) Covered entity.--The term `covered entity' means-- ``(A) a State agency; ``(B) an Indian Tribe; ``(C) a Native Hawaiian organization; ``(D) a local government; or ``(E) a nonprofit organization. ``(3) Disadvantaged community.--The term `disadvantaged community' has the meaning given the term in section 306B. ``(4) Eligible coastal state.--The term `eligible coastal state' means a coastal state that has an approved working waterfronts plan. ``(5) Working waterfront.--The term `working waterfront' has the meaning given the term in section 306B. ``(6) Working waterfronts preservation loan fund.--The term `working waterfronts preservation loan fund' means a revolving loan fund established under this section for the preservation of working waterfronts.''. SEC. 203. SEAFOOD MARKETING. (a) Outreach Plan.--The Secretary of Agriculture, in conjunction with the Administrator, shall develop an outreach plan to expand outreach by the Department of Agriculture to fishing industry stakeholders to increase awareness of and assist with the use of programs in the Agricultural Marketing Service by such stakeholders. (b) Study.--The Administrator shall, in consultation with the Secretary of Agriculture and members of the seafood industry, study the possibility of establishing education and marketing programs within the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. (c) Reports.--Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of this section-- (1) the Secretary of Agriculture, in conjunction with the Administrator, shall submit a report to Congress regarding the outreach plan developed under subsection (a); and (2) the Administrator shall submit to Congress a report regarding the findings of the study conducted under subsection (b). SEC. 204. COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION IN LIMITED ACCESS PRIVILEGE PROGRAMS. (a) In General.--Section 303A(c) (16 U.S.C. 1853a(c)) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1)-- (A) in subparagraph (C)(iii), by inserting ``, including the participation of fishing communities in the fishery'' after ``benefits''; (B) in subparagraph (J), by striking ``and'' at the end; (C) in subparagraph (K), by striking the period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and (D) by adding at the end the following: ``(L) consider the needs of fishing communities and provide a process for fishing communities to participate in the limited access privilege program in accordance with subsection (c)(3).''; and (2) by amending paragraph (3) to read as follows: ``(3) Fishing communities.-- ``(A) Eligibility.--To be eligible to participate in a limited access privilege program to harvest fish, a fishing community shall-- ``(i) be located within the management area of the relevant Council; ``(ii) consist of residents who conduct commercial or recreational fishing, processing, or fishery-dependent support businesses within the management area of the relevant Council; ``(iii) seek to participate in such program for a purpose other than perfecting or realizing a security interest in such access; and ``(iv) develop and submit a community sustainability plan to the relevant Council and the Secretary that demonstrates how the plan will address the social and economic development needs of coastal communities, including those that have not historically had the resources to participate in the fishery, for approval. ``(B) Community sustainability plan approval.-- ``(i) In general.--A community sustainability plan submitted by a fishing community to a Council and the Secretary for approval shall include the following components: ``(I) A description of the entity and the Board and governance for the entity that will receive the allocation. ``(II) A description of the quota allocation process that will be used by the entity, including an appeals process within the entity. ``(III) Provisions for monitoring and enforcement of the community sustainability plan. ``(IV) Goals and objectives for the fishing community and how the entity will use the allocation to meet those goals and objectives. ``(V) A description of how the entity will sustain the participation of the fishing community in the fisheries, including providing for new entry and intergenerational transfer, encouraging active participation and addressing economic barriers to access to the fisheries. ``(VI) A description of how the community sustainability plan will address the projected economic and social impacts associated with the implementation of the limited access privilege program, including the potential for strengthening economic conditions in remote fishing communities that lack the resources to participate in harvesting activities in the fishery. ``(VII) A description of how the community sustainability plan will ensure the benefits of participating in the limited access privilege program accrue to the fishing community and participants, including limitations or measures necessary to prevent an inequitable concentration of limited access privileges within the fishing community. ``(ii) Previously adopted plan.--A community sustainability plan submitted before the date of the enactment of the Sustaining America's Fisheries for the Future Act of 2024 shall not be invalidated by failure to comply with clause (i) unless such plan is amended after such date.''. (b) Audit.-- (1) In general.--The inspector general of the Department of Commerce shall conduct an audit regarding limited access privilege programs for federally managed fisheries in the United States. (2) Determinations and disclosures.--The audit required under paragraph (1) shall determine and disclose the following: (A) The amount of harvest privileges or transferable quota that were actively harvested in each year from 2019 through 2024. (B) The amount of harvest privileges or transferable quota that were leased to other parties or entities in each year from 2019 through 2024. (C) The names of each corporation, partnership, or other authorized entity that, at the time such audit is conducted, hold harvesting privileges or transferable quota in Federal fisheries. (D) The proportion of transferable quota holders (including both individuals and authorized entities) that, at the time such audit is conducted, are actively fishing their harvesting privileges. (E) The average cost of a transferable harvest share in each federally managed limited access privilege program. (F) The average leasing cost of a transferable harvest share in each federally managed limited access privilege program where, at the time such audit is conducted, leasing is occurring. (3) Additional requirements.--In addition to the requirements under paragraph (2), the audit required under paragraph (1) shall-- (A) evaluate the performance of the Secretary in overseeing limited access privilege programs in accordance with section 303A(c)(1)(J) (16 U.S.C. 1853a(c)(1)(J)); and (B) recommend policies to strengthen transparency and achieve full disclosure of ownership of harvest privileges in limited access privilege programs. (4) Congressional briefing.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of the Sustaining America's Fisheries for the Future Act of 2024, the inspector general of the Department of Commerce shall brief the appropriate committees of Congress on the preliminary findings of the audit conducted under paragraph (1). (5) Final report.--Not later than 30 days after the date on which a briefing occurs under paragraph (4), the inspector general of the Department of Commerce shall submit to Congress a final report setting forth the results of the audit conducted under paragraph (1). SEC. 205. FINDINGS. Section 2(a)(3) (16 U.S.C. 1801(a)(3)) is amended to read as follows: ``(3) Commercial, recreational, and charter fishing constitute major sources of employment and contribute significantly to the economy of the Nation. Many coastal areas are dependent upon fishing and related activities, and the economies of such areas have been badly damaged by the overfishing of fishery resources; ensuring the sustainable use of fishery resources is essential to the economic well-being of such areas.''. TITLE III--STRENGTHENING PUBLIC PROCESS AND TRANSPARENCY SEC. 301. TRIBAL REPRESENTATION ON PACIFIC FISHERY MANAGEMENT COUNCIL. (a) In General.--Section 302(b)(5) (16 U.S.C. 1852(b)(5)) is amended-- (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``not less than 3''; and (2) by adding at the end the following: ``(E) An individual appointed under subparagraph (A) shall serve on the Pacific Council until such time as a new appointment to the tribal seat is made under subparagraph (A).''. (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 302(b)(3) (16 U.S.C. 1852(b)(3)) is amended by striking ``paragraphs (2) and (5)'' and inserting ``paragraph (2)''. SEC. 302. TRIBAL REPRESENTATION ON NORTH PACIFIC FISHERY MANAGEMENT COUNCIL. (a) In General.--Section 302 (16 U.S.C. 1852) is amended-- (1) in subsection (a)(1)(G)-- (A) by striking ``seward'' and inserting ``seaward''; (B) by striking ``11'' and inserting ``13''; and (C) by inserting before the period at the end ``and 2 appointed by the Secretary in accordance with subsection (b)(6)''; (2) in subsection (b)-- (A) in paragraph (1)(C), by striking ``paragraphs (2) and (5)'' and inserting ``paragraphs (2), (5), and (6)''; (B) by redesignating paragraph (6) as paragraph (7); (C) by inserting after paragraph (5) the following: ``(6)(A) The Secretary, in accordance with subparagraph (C), shall appoint to the North Pacific Council 2 individuals to serve as representatives of covered Indian tribes from a list submitted by the tribal governments. ``(B) The Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of the Interior, tribal governments, and the Alaska Federation of Natives, shall establish by regulation the procedure for submitting a list under subparagraph (A). ``(C) An individual is qualified for appointment to the North Pacific Council under subparagraph (A) if such individual-- ``(i) possesses knowledge of-- ``(I) the anadromous fish of the North Pacific Council region; ``(II) the marine resources managed by such Council; ``(III) the effects of the actions of such Council on such resources; ``(IV) the subsistence uses, customs, and traditions relating to such resources; and ``(V) commercial and sport uses of the fish described in subclause (I) and such resources; or ``(ii) demonstrates leadership through involvement in local, regional, or tribal fish and wildlife management or conservation organizations. ``(D) Representation shall be rotated among affected tribal regions, taking into consideration-- ``(i) the qualifications of the individuals on the list submitted under subparagraph (A); ``(ii) the degree to which the Indian tribes located within the North Pacific Council region are dependent on anadromous fish and marine resources within such region and the effects of the actions of such Council on such resources; and ``(iii) the geographic area within which the tribe of the representative is located. ``(E) An individual appointed under subparagraph (A) may designate as an alternate an individual knowledgeable with respect to tribal rights and fishing practicies, Indigenous traditional knowledge, tribal law, and the marine resources managed by the North Pacific Council. ``(F) An individual appointed under subparagraph (A) shall serve on the North Pacific Council until such time as a new appointment to the tribal seat is made under that subparagraph. ``(G) In this paragraph, the term `covered Indian tribe' means an Indian tribe in Alaska that is identified (including parenthetically) on the most current list published by the Secretary under section 104 of the Federally Recognized Indian Tribe List Act of 1994 (25 U.S.C. 5131).''; and (D) in paragraph (7), as so redesignated, by striking ``paragraphs (2) or (5)'' and inserting ``paragraph (2), (5), or (6)''; and (3) in subsection (j)(1)(A)(ii)(II), by striking ``subsection (b)(5)'' and inserting ``paragraph (5) or (6) of subsection (b)''. (b) Western Pacific Fishery Management Council Study.--The Administrator shall conduct a study regarding the feasibility and implications of adding indigenous seats to the Western Pacific Fishery Management Council established by section 302 of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1852) for the Western Pacific Fishery Management Council region. SEC. 303. ATLANTIC COUNCILS. Section 302(a) (16 U.S.C. 1852(a)) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1)-- (A) in subparagraph (A)-- (i) by striking ``18'' and inserting ``19''; and (ii) by inserting before the period at the end the following: ``and 1 liaison appointed by the Secretary in accordance with paragraph (4) who is a member of the Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council to represent the interests of fisheries under the jurisdiction of such Council''; and (B) in subparagraph (B)-- (i) by striking ``21'' and inserting ``22''; and (ii) by inserting before the period at the end the following: ``and 1 liaison appointed by the Secretary in accordance with paragraph (4) who is a member of the New England Fishery Management Council to represent the interests of fisheries under the jurisdiction of such Council''; and (2) by adding at the end the following: ``(4) Requirements for liaison.--The Secretary shall appoint an individual to be a liaison between the Councils described in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of paragraph (1) who has expertise in a fishery that spans the geographical areas of both such Councils.''. SEC. 304. COUNCIL PROCEDURES AND PARTICIPATION. (a) In General.--Section 302(e) (16 U.S.C. 1852(e)) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (5), by striking ``At the request of any voting member of a Council, the Council shall hold a roll call vote on any matter before the Council.'' and inserting ``Each Council shall hold a roll call vote on all nonprocedural matters before the Council. At the request of any voting member of a Council, that Council shall hold a roll call vote on any procedural matter before the Council.''; and (2) by adding at the end the following: ``(6) To the extent possible, each Council shall-- ``(A) seek to hold meetings in person; and ``(B) ensure the availability of remote meeting participation and voting.''. (b) Council Meetings.--Section 302(i)(2) (16 U.S.C. 1852(i)(2)) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``(G) Each Council shall make available on the internet website of the Council-- ``(i) with respect to each meeting of the Council and of the Council Coordination Committee established under subsection (l) that is not closed in accordance with paragraph (3), to the extent possible, a webcast, live audio recording, or live video broadcast of each such meeting; and ``(ii) with respect to each meeting of the Council and of the scientific and statistical committee established by the Council under subsection (g)(1)(A) that is not closed in accordance with paragraph (3), by not later than 30 days after the conclusion of each such meeting, an audio or video recording (if the meeting was in person or by video conference) or a searchable audio recording or written transcript of each such meeting. ``(H) The Secretary shall maintain and make available to the public, for a period of not less than 5 years beginning on the date of a meeting, an archive of Council and scientific and statistical committee meeting audio and video recordings and transcripts made available under subparagraph (G).''. SEC. 305. COUNCIL ACCOUNTABILITY AND MEMBERSHIP. (a) Voting Members.--Section 302(b)(2) (16 U.S.C. 1852(b)(2)) is amended-- (1) by amending subparagraph (A) to read as follows: ``(A) Required expertise.--In making each appointment to a Council under this section, the Secretary shall appoint an individual who, by reason of occupational or other experience, scientific expertise, or training, is knowledgeable regarding-- ``(i) the conservation and management, or the commercial, recreational, or subsistence harvest, of the fishery resources of the geographic area concerned; or ``(ii) ecosystem-based fishery management or climate science.''; (2) by amending subparagraph (B) to read as follows: ``(B) Apportionment.-- ``(i) In general.--In making each appointment under this section, the Secretary shall, to the extent practicable, ensure a fair and balanced apportionment, on a rotating or other basis, of active participants (or the representatives of such participants) in the commercial, recreational, and subsistence fisheries under the jurisdiction of the Council and of members of the conservation community, scientists, nonconsumptive users, and members of indigenous and tribal communities, as applicable. ``(ii) Report.--The Secretary shall, on an annual basis, submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives a report regarding the actions taken by the Secretary to ensure that a fair and balanced apportionment described in clause (i) is achieved, including-- ``(I) a list of the fisheries under the jurisdiction of each Council, outlining for each fishery the type and quantity of fish harvested, fishing and processing methods employed, the number of participants, the duration and range of the fishery, and other distinguishing characteristics; ``(II) an assessment of the membership of each Council in terms of the apportionment of the active participants in each such fishery and of members of the conservation community, scientists, nonconsumptive users, and members of indigenous and tribal communities; and ``(III) a statement of the plans and schedule of the Secretary for actions to achieve a fair and balanced apportionment on each Council for the active participants in any such fishery and for the categories of members listed in subclause (II).''; (3) by amending subparagraph (C) to read as follows: ``(C) Appointments.-- ``(i) List from governor.-- ``(I) Appointment from list.--The Secretary shall appoint the members of each Council from a list of individuals submitted by the Governor of each applicable constituent State. ``(II) Requirements for list.--In submitting a list under subclause (I), a Governor-- ``(aa) may only submit the name of an individual if such Governor has determined such individual is qualified under subparagraph (A); ``(bb) shall include the names and pertinent biographical data of not less than 3 individuals for each applicable vacancy; and ``(cc) shall include a statement explaining how each individual included on the list meets the requirements of subparagraph (A). ``(III) Review.--The Secretary shall review each list submitted under this subparagraph. ``(IV) Notification.--If the Secretary determines that an individual included on a list submitted under this subparagraph does not meet the requirements of this paragraph, the Secretary shall notify the appropriate Governor. ``(V) Response to review.--If a Governor receives notification under subclause (IV), such Governor may submit a revised list or resubmit the original list with an additional explanation of the qualifications of the individual for which such Governor received such a notification. ``(ii) Individuals without financial interest.--The Secretary shall appoint to each Council at least 1 individual who does not have a financial interest in matters before the Council. ``(iii) Financial disclosure requirements.-- An individual is not eligible for appointment by the Secretary until that individual complies with the applicable financial disclosure requirements under subsection (j).''; and (4) by adding at the end the following: ``(F) Geographical representation.--In appointing at-large members to the Western Pacific Council, the Secretary shall ensure geographical representation across each constituent State of such Council.''. (b) Disclosure of Financial Interest and Recusal.--Section 302(j) (16 U.S.C. 1852(j)) is amended-- (1) by amending paragraph (1)(B) to read as follows: ``(B) the term `designated official' means an attorney employed in the Office of the General Counsel of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration who-- ``(i) has expertise in Federal conflict-of- interest requirements; and ``(ii) is designated by the Secretary, in consultation with a Council, to attend the meetings of such Council and make determinations under paragraph (7)(B).''; (2) in paragraph (2)(C), by inserting ``contractor,'' after ``partner,''; and (3) in paragraph (5)(B), by striking ``on the Internet'' and inserting ``on the internet website of the agency, on the internet website of the applicable Council,''. (c) Lobbying.--Section 302 (16 U.S.C. 1852) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``(m) Lobbying.-- ``(1) Prohibition on council lobbying.-- ``(A) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph (B), each member of a Council, member of a Council advisory body, and employee or contractor of a Council, is prohibited from using Federal funds to attempt to influence the-- ``(i) introduction, advancement, enactment, amendment, or repeal of Federal or State legislation; or ``(ii) issuance, modification, or overturning of an Executive order, Presidential proclamation, or similar Presidential directive or decree. ``(B) Technical and factual presentations.--An individual described in subparagraph (A) may provide a technical and factual presentation directly related to the performance of the duties of a Council, through hearing testimony or written statements, if such presentation is in response to a documented request and is made available under paragraph (4). ``(2) Adjudicating violations.-- ``(A) Initiation by secretary.--The Secretary may initiate an investigation of a potential violation of paragraph (1). ``(B) Complaint.--The Secretary shall investigate a complaint submitted by any person or government entity regarding a potential violation of paragraph (1). ``(3) Penalties.--If the Secretary determines that an individual violated paragraph (1), such individual shall be subject to disciplinary action, including suspension or expulsion from participation in, membership of, or employment by a Council, Council advisory body, or related entity or activity. ``(4) Training.--The Secretary shall provide training to individuals described in paragraph (1) regarding-- ``(A) compliance with regulations issued to implement this subsection; and ``(B) general limits of Federal grant recipients on contacts with members and staff of the executive and legislative branches. ``(5) Restriction on ex-voting member lobbying.--A voting member appointed to a Council by the Secretary in accordance with paragraph (2), (5), or (6) of subsection (b) may not lobby the Council to which such member was appointed regarding any matter during the 1-year period beginning on the date on which the term of such member expires, if such member has not been appointed to serve a subsequent term. ``(6) Report.--The Secretary shall annually submit to the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a report that describes-- ``(A) the funding provided to implement this subsection; ``(B) complaints received of and investigations into potential violations of paragraph (1); and ``(C) barriers associated with and proposals to improve implementation of this subsection. ``(n) Workplace Harassment Prevention.-- ``(1) Prohibition.--The Secretary shall prohibit any person from harassing a covered individual during the conduct of duties by such covered individual under this Act. ``(2) Harassment prevent training.--Council members and staff shall, as a condition of employment, not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of the Sustaining America's Fisheries for the Future Act of 2024 or the first day of employment by a Council of such individual, and not less often than once every 2 years thereafter, complete 2 hours of workplace harassment prevention training approved by the office authorized by section 3541 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017. ``(3) Definitions.--In this subsection: ``(A) Covered individual.--The term `covered individual' means-- ``(i) a Council member; ``(ii) Council staff; ``(iii) a Council advisory panel member; ``(iv) a member of a committee associated with a Council or the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; ``(v) a Federal fishery permit holder; and ``(vi) a staff member, crew member, employee, or contractor associated with a federally permitted vessel or a facility providing services to such vessels. ``(B) Harassment.--The term `harassment' means unwelcome verbal, visual, or physical conduct based on race, color, national origin, religion, age (40 and above), sex (including gender identity, sexual orientation, and pregnancy), disability, genetic information, or prior Equal Employment Opportunity activity.''. (d) Judicial Review.--Section 305(f)(1) (16 U.S.C. 1855(f)(1)) is amended by striking ``30'' and inserting ``60''. (e) Regulations.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this section, the Secretary shall issue regulations to implement section 302(m) (16 U.S.C. 1852(m)), as added by this section. SEC. 306. WESTERN PACIFIC SUSTAINABLE FISHERY FUND. Section 204(e) (16 U.S.C. 1824(e)) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1)-- (A) by striking ``in consultation with any appropriate Council,'' and inserting ``at the request and with the concurrence of the Governor of the applicable Pacific Insular Area,''; (B) by striking ``a Pacific Insular Area--'' and inserting ``that Pacific Insular Area.''; and (C) by striking subparagraphs (A) and (B); (2) in paragraph (3)(A)-- (A) by inserting ``and'' before ``the Governor''; (B) by striking ``, and the appropriate Council''; and (C) by adding at the end the following: ``Such permits shall also be consistent with any applicable fishery management plan.''; (3) in paragraph (4)-- (A) in subparagraph (A)-- (i) by striking ``the Western Pacific Council and''; (ii) by inserting ``of the applicable Pacific Insular Area'' after ``Governor''; and (iii) by amending clause (v) to read as follows-- ``(v) western Pacific community-based demonstration projects under section 112(b) of the Sustainable Fisheries Act and other coastal improvement projects in waters beyond the seaward boundary (as such term is defined in section 4 of the Submerged Lands Act) of any State to foster and promote the management, conservation, and economic enhancement of the Pacific Insular Areas.''; and (B) by amending subparagraph (B) to read as follows: ``(B) In the case of American Samoa, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands, the appropriate Governor of the applicable Pacific Insular Area shall develop the marine conservation plan described in subparagraph (A) and submit such plan to the Secretary for approval. In the case of other Pacific Insular Areas, the Secretary and the appropriate Governor of the applicable Pacific Insular Area shall jointly develop the marine conservation plan described in subparagraph (A).''; (4) in paragraph (6)-- (A) in subparagraph (A), by inserting ``and'' at the end; (B) by striking subparagraph (B); and (C) by redesignating subparagraph (C) as subparagraph (B); (5) in paragraph (7)-- (A) by striking ``, who shall provide such funds only to'' and inserting ``for the purposes of''; (B) in subparagraph (A)-- (i) by striking ``the Western Pacific Council for the purpose of''; and (ii) by inserting ``as determined by the Secretary, in consultation with the Western Pacific Sustainable Fishery Fund Advisory Panel established under section 204(e)(9),'' after ``subsection,''; (C) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ``providing such funds as are necessary to'' before ``the Secretary''; (D) by amending subparagraph (C) to read as follows: ``(C) providing such funds as remain in the Western Pacific Sustainable Fisheries Fund after the funding requirements of subparagraphs (A) and (B) have been satisfied to the Governor of Hawaii to meet conservation and management objectives in the State of Hawaii.''; and (E) by striking ``Amounts deposited in such fund shall not diminish funding received by the Western Pacific Council for the purpose of carrying out other responsibilities under this Act.''; and (6) by adding at the end the following: ``(9) Western pacific sustainable fishery fund advisory panel.-- ``(A) In general.--To assist in carrying out this subsection, the Secretary shall establish and convene an advisory panel under section 302(g), to be known as the `Western Pacific Sustainable Fishery Fund Advisory Panel' (referred to in this paragraph as the `advisory panel'), to evaluate, determine the relative merits of, and annually rank applications for grants for implementation of marine conservation plans approved under paragraph (4). ``(B) Members.--The advisory panel shall consist of members such that-- ``(i) the Governor of each applicable Pacific Insular Area selects 1 member; and ``(ii) no member may be a member or employee of the Western Pacific Council. ``(C) Award not in accordance with rank.--If the Secretary awards a grant for a project not in accordance with the rank given to such project by the advisory panel, the Secretary shall provide a detailed written explanation of the reasons for such award. ``(D) Notice.--The Secretary shall provide to the public timely notice of each meeting of the advisory panel. ``(E) Minutes.--The Secretary shall keep and make available to the public minutes of each meeting of the advisory panel. ``(F) Reports.--The Secretary shall, with the assistance of the advisory panel, annually submit to Congress a report identifying any projects that were funded in the previous year and the status and progress of projects carried out under this subsection. ``(G) Exemption from federal advisory committee act.--Chapter 10 of title 5, United States Code (commonly known as the `Federal Advisory Committee Act'), does not apply to the advisory panel.''. SEC. 307. COUNCIL STAFF AND ADMINISTRATION. Section 302(f) (16 U.S.C. 1832(f)) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``(8) Each Council shall, with the approval of the Secretary, develop a code of conduct and ethics for members and employees of each such Council equivalent to those applicable to Federal personnel. ``(9) The Secretary may, in accordance with applicable law, take disciplinary action, up to and including termination, against an executive director of a Council. A Council may, in accordance with applicable law, take disciplinary action, up to and including termination, against the executive director or any other employee of the Council.''. SEC. 308. NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION SEXUAL HARASSMENT AND ASSAULT PREVENTION. (a) Policy on the Prevention of and Response to Sexual Harassment Involving National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Personnel.-- Section 3541(f) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (33 U.S.C. 894(f)) is amended-- (1) by inserting ``and equal employment'' after ``sexual harassment'' each place it appears; and (2) in paragraph (2)-- (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (C) and (D) as subparagraphs (D) and (E), respectively; and (B) by inserting after subparagraph (B) the following: ``(C) A synopsis of each case and the disciplinary action taken, if any, in each case.''. (b) Annual Report on Sexual Assaults, Sexual Harassment, and Equal Employment.--Section 3548 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (33 U.S.C. 894e) is amended-- (1) by striking the section heading and inserting the following: ``annual report on sexual assaults, sexual harassment, and equal employment in the national oceanic and atmospheric administration.''; (2) in subsection (a), by striking ``the sexual assaults involving'' and inserting ``sexual assault and sexual harassment involving and the equal employment of''; and (3) in subsection (b)-- (A) in paragraph (4), by inserting ``, including a synopsis of each case and the disciplinary action taken, if any, in each case'' before the period at the end; and (B) by adding at the end the following: ``(5) A summary of the number of change of station, unit transfer, and change of work location requests submitted to the Under Secretary under section 3544(a), including the number of such requests that were denied. ``(6) A summary of the number of cases referred to the Coast Guard under this section. ``(7) The number of alleged sexual assaults and sexual harassment cases involving fisheries observers, protected species observers, and endangered species observers, including-- ``(A) a synopsis of each case and the status of such case; ``(B) the disposition of any investigation; and ``(C) a description of the fishery management region and fishery or the geographic region and type of permitted operation in which the sexual assault or sexual harassment is alleged to have occurred, as appropriate.''. (c) Investigation and Criminal Referral Requirements.-- (1) Technical amendment.--Sections 3548 and 3549 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (33 U.S.C. 894e and 894f) are redesignated as sections 3551 and 3552, respectively. (2) In general.--Subtitle C of title XXXV of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (33 U.S.C. 894 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 3547 of that Act (33 U.S.C. 894d-2) the following: ``SEC. 3548. EXCEPTIONS REGARDING ANONYMITY OF SURVIVORS IN CERTAIN CASES. ``(a) In General.--In any case in which an employee, member of the commissioned officer corps of the Administration, or covered personnel elects restricted or unrestricted reporting under section 3541(b)(3)(B) or 3542(b)(5)(B), disclosure of the personally identifying information of such individual is authorized to the following persons or organizations when disclosure would be for the following reasons: ``(1) To Administration staff or law enforcement personnel, if authorized by the survivor in writing. ``(2) To Administration staff or law enforcement personnel to prevent or lessen a serious or imminent threat to the health or safety of the survivor or another person. ``(3) To a survivor advocate or healthcare provider, if required for the provision of survivor services. ``(4) To a State or Federal court, if pursuant to a court order or if disclosure is required by Federal or State statute. ``(b) Notice of Disclosure and Privacy Protection.--In any case in which information is disclosed under subsection (a), the Secretary shall-- ``(1) make reasonable attempts to provide notice to the individual whose personally identifying information is disclosed; and ``(2) take such action as is necessary to protect the privacy and safety of the individual. ``SEC. 3549. RESTRICTED REPORTING. ``(a) In General.--Not later than 3 years after the date of the enactment of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Sexual Harassment and Assault Prevention Improvements Act of 2023, the Secretary of Commerce, acting through the Under Secretary for Oceans and Atmosphere, shall develop a mechanism to provide a system of restricted reporting. ``(b) Restricted Reporting Defined.--In this section the term `restricted reporting' means a system of reporting that allows employees of the Administration, members of the commissioned officer corps of the Administration, and covered personnel who allege that they have been sexually harassed or sexually assaulted to confidentially disclose the details of such sexual harassment or sexual assault to specified individuals and receive the services outlined in this subtitle-- ``(1) without the dissemination of the personally identifying information of such individual except as necessary for the provision of such services and as provided by section 3548(a); and ``(2) without automatically triggering an investigative process. ``SEC. 3550. MARINER REFERRAL. ``The Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere, acting through the Director of the Office of Marine and Aviation Operations and in consultation with the Commandant of the Coast Guard, shall, not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Sexual Harassment and Assault Prevention Improvements Act of 2023, develop and implement a policy to report to the Commandant of the Coast Guard, in accordance with section 10104 of title 46, United States Code, the names of personnel of the Administration who-- ``(1) are the subject of a claim of an act or offense detrimental to good discipline and safety at sea, such as sexual harassment or sexual assault that is substantiated by an investigation under section 3546, or any other substantiated claim of an act or offense for which suspension or revocation of a credential is either mandatory or sought pursuant to part 5 of title 46, Code of Federal Regulations; and ``(2) are-- ``(A) employees or contractors of the Administration required to hold a valid merchant mariner credential as a condition of employment; or ``(B) crew of a vessel that, at the time of such act or offense, was operating under a contract with the Administration.''. (d) Definitions.--Section 3552 of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017, as so redesignated by subsection (c) of this section, is amended to read as follows: ``SEC. 3552. DEFINITIONS. ``In this subtitle: ``(1) Administration.--The term `Administration' means the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. ``(2) Covered personnel.--The term `covered personnel' means an individual who works with or conducts business on behalf of the Administration and includes-- ``(A) observers, at-sea monitors, and catch monitors required by the National Marine Fisheries Service to operate on or in commercial fishing vessels, other privately owned vessels, barges, or platforms, and shoreside processing facilities for-- ``(i) commercial fisheries observation required by the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.); ``(ii) protected species or endangered species observation required by the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 (16 U.S.C. 1361 et seq.) or the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1351 et seq.); or ``(iii) platform removal observation; and ``(B) voting members and executive and administrative staff of each Regional Fishery Management Council established under section 302 of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1852). ``(3) Sexual assault.--The term `sexual assault' has the meaning given the term in section 40002(a) of the Violence Against Women Act of 1994 (42 U.S.C. 13925(a)).''. (e) Conforming and Clerical Amendments.-- (1) Conforming amendments.--Subtitle C of title XXXV of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 (33 U.S.C. 894 et seq.) is amended-- (A) by striking ``individuals who work with or conduct business on behalf of the Administration'' each place it appears and inserting ``covered personnel''; (B) by striking ``National Oceanic and Atmospheric'' each place it appears, except-- (i) when it appears as ``National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Sexual Harassment and Assault Prevention Improvements Act of 2023''; (ii) in section 3551 of that Act, as so redesignated by subsection (c) of this section, in the section heading; and (iii) in section 3552(1) of that Act, as so redesignated by subsection (c) of this section; (C) by striking the term ``victims'' each place it appears and inserting ``survivors''; (D) in section 3541(b)(2)(B) of that Act (33 U.S.C. 894), by striking ``victim'' and inserting ``target of sexual harassment''; (E) in section 3542 of that Act (33 U.S.C. 894a)-- (i) in subsection (b)(9)-- (I) by striking ``Victim'' and inserting ``Survivor''; and (II) by striking ``victim'' and inserting ``survivor''; and (ii) in subsection (c)-- (I) in the heading, by striking ``Victim'' and inserting ``Survivor''; (II) in paragraph (2), in the heading, by striking ``Victim'' and inserting ``Survivor''; and (III) by striking the term ``victim'' each place it appears and inserting ``survivor''; (F) in section 3543 of that Act (33 U.S.C. 894b)-- (i) in the heading, by striking ``victim'' and inserting ``survivor''; and (ii) by striking ``victim'' and inserting ``survivor''; and (G) in section 3544 of that Act (33 U.S.C. 894c)-- (i) in subsection (a)-- (I) by striking ``Victims'' and inserting ``Survivors''; and (II) in paragraph (1), by striking ``was'' each place it appears and inserting ``is''; and (ii) by striking ``victim'' each place it appears and inserting ``survivor''. (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of contents in section 2(b) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 and the table of contents preceding subtitle A of title XXXV of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 are both amended-- (A) by striking the item relating to section 3543 of that Act and inserting the following: ``Sec. 3543. Rights of the survivor of a sexual assault.''; and (B) by striking the items relating to sections 3548 and 3549 of that Act and inserting the following: ``Sec. 3548. Exceptions regarding anonymity of survivors in certain cases. ``Sec. 3549. Restricted reporting. ``Sec. 3550. Mariner referral. ``Sec. 3551. Annual report on sexual assaults, sexual harassment, and equal employment in the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. ``Sec. 3552. Definitions.''. (f) Prohibited Acts.--Section 307(1)(L) (16 U.S.C. 1857(1)(L)) is amended-- (1) by striking ``forcibly''; and (2) by striking ``on a vessel''. (g) Prohibition on Service in the Commissioned Officer Corps of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration by Individuals Convicted of Certain Sexual Offenses.--Section 261(a) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Officer Corps Act of 2002 (33 U.S.C. 3071(a)) is amended-- (1) by redesignating paragraph (26) as paragraph (27); and (2) by inserting after paragraph (25) the following: ``(26) Section 657, relating to prohibition on service by individuals convicted of certain sexual offenses.''. (h) Definition of Responsible Entity of a Vessel.--Section 10104(g) of title 46, United States Code, is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``or'' at the end; (2) in paragraph (2), by striking the period at the end and inserting ``; or''; and (3) by adding at the end the following: ``(3) the Director of the Office of Marine and Aviation Operations, with respect to each vessel owned or operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.''. TITLE IV--MODERNIZING FISHERIES SCIENCE AND DATA SEC. 401. DATA MODERNIZATION. (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this section, the Secretary, acting through the Assistant Administrator for Fisheries, shall provide to Congress a national strategic plan for fisheries data, including a description of-- (1) activities for the goals and objectives of the plan; (2) a schedule for implementation; (3) an estimated budget; (4) a plan for stakeholder engagement for development of user-centric systems, processes, and policies; and (5) how the initiative will align with other National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration data management efforts to provide for efficiency and interoperability, including the Data Strategy, Cloud Strategy, and Artificial Intelligence Strategy of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. (b) Information From Experts.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall solicit information, as needed, from data management and technology experts inside and outside the government. (c) Report.--The Secretary shall annually report to Congress regarding progress in carrying out this section. SEC. 402. EXPANDING AND IMPROVING ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGIES. (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that-- (1) the use of electronic technologies such as digital video cameras and monitors, digital recording systems, and other forms of electronic technology as a complement to, and in some cases a replacement for, observers may maintain, increase, or improve the amount and accuracy of observer and fishery dependent information collected from fisheries while reducing costs and logistical difficulties; (2) to achieve optimum yields on a continuing basis while conserving and maintaining fisheries and integrating healthy ecosystem considerations, managers require reliable, timely data across all regions and fishing sectors for conservation, management, and scientific purposes; (3) to achieve management goals, especially in the context of climate change, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration should work to meet evolving management needs and, in collaboration with industry stakeholders, identify appropriate data collection technologies and strategies; and (4) the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration should also consider the use of innovative technology in fishery independent data collection including stock and habitat assessments and environmental conditions. (b) Regional Fishery Management Councils.--Section 303(b)(8) (16 U.S.C. 1853(b)(8)) is amended to read as follows: ``(8) require the collection of data necessary for the conservation and management of the fishery from a vessel of the United States engaged in fishing for species that are subject to the plan through-- ``(A) electronic monitoring or other electronic technology; or ``(B) observers carried onboard such a vessel, except that such a vessel shall not be required to carry an observer on board if the facilities of the vessel for the quartering of an observer, or for carrying out observer functions, are so inadequate or unsafe that the health or safety of the observer or the safe operation of the vessel would be jeopardized;''. (c) Information Systems.--Section 402(a) (16 U.S.C. 1881a(a)) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``The Council shall consider the use of electronic monitoring and reporting or other electronic technology as part of an information collection program implemented under this paragraph.'' after ``request.''; (2) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``The Secretary shall consider the use of electronic monitoring and reporting or other electronic technology as part of an information collection program implemented under this paragraph.'' after ``fishery.''; and (3) by adding at the end the following: ``(3) Secretarial review.-- ``(A) In general.--Not less often than once every 5 years, the Secretary shall review the procedures and policies by which information is collected, managed, and used to manage fisheries and revise information collection programs and policies needed to integrate data collection and management and improve the timeliness, quality, usability, and cost-effectiveness and reduce unnecessary duplication within and across fishery management plans and regions. ``(B) Report.--Upon the completion of each review carried out under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall publish a report for the public describing the findings of each such review and planned revisions to information collection programs.''. (d) Assessment of Electronic Technologies in Fisheries Management.-- (1) In general.--The Comptroller General of the United States shall, in consultation with the relevant committees of Congress-- (A) conduct a review of the capabilities of the National Marine Fisheries Service with respect to developing, deploying, and using electronic monitoring and data collection tools to monitor fisheries; and (B) make recommendations to improve such capabilities, taking into consideration cost, efficiency, and collaboration with private entities. (2) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the date of the enactment of this section, the Comptroller General shall submit to Congress a report describing the results of the review required under paragraph (1) and the recommendations made pursuant to such review. (e) Electronic Technologies Innovation Prize.-- (1) In general.--The Administrator, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the heads of other relevant Federal agencies, and in conjunction with such nongovernmental partners as the Administrator determines appropriate, shall establish at least 1 electronic technologies innovation prize competition to catalyze the rapid development and deployment of electronic technology-based data collection to be used in fisheries management. (2) Subject of prize.--Each prize competition established under paragraph (1) shall focus on 1 or more of the following subjects: (A) Improved fish species recognition software. (B) Confidential data management. (C) Cost-effective storage of electronic reports, imagery, location information, and other data. (D) Data analysis and visualization. (E) Artificial intelligence and machine learning applications for data collection and monitoring. (F) Battery storage and energy supply storage at sea. (G) Improved internet connectivity onshore and at sea in support of data uploads. (H) Bycatch hotspot mapping and adaptive use of protected areas. (I) Such other subjects as the Administrator determines appropriate. (f) Advisory Panel for Electronic Technologies Development and Deployment.-- (1) Establishment.--The Secretary shall establish an advisory panel (referred to in this subsection as the ``Advisory Panel'') to inform the Administrator, the Assistant Administrator for Fisheries, and the Councils regarding developments in the advancement of electronic technologies that can be used in fisheries monitoring, data collection, and management. (2) Appointments.--In appointing individuals to the Advisory Panel, the Secretary shall appoint at least 2 individuals who are electronic technology developers, operators, or providers. (3) Summaries.--The Secretary shall publish, on an annual basis, summaries of Advisory Panel discussions, including a summary of best practices and technical guidance to support the Councils. (4) Recommendations.--Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of this section, the Advisory Panel shall make a recommendation to the Secretary regarding the potential value of national performance standards for electronic technologies used in fisheries data collection and management, including-- (A) an assessment of how the National Marine Fisheries Service and electronic technology developers, operators, and providers could benefit from such performance standards; (B) if the Advisory Panel recommends establishing such performance standards, a recommendation for which factors should be included in such performance standards and how the Secretary should determine the appropriate standards; (C) an assessment of whether such performance standards are likely to spur increased use of electronic technologies by the Councils; (D) an assessment of how such performance standards would impact existing regional or fishery-specific technologies currently in use and recommendations regarding ensuring continued use or improvement of these technologies if such performance standards are established; (E) a list of knowledge gaps or additional questions the Secretary should consider before publishing such performance standards; (F) recommendations regarding ensuring cost- effectiveness of electronic technologies for fisheries data collection and management; (G) recommendations to address data storage problems of electronic technologies; (H) recommendations regarding ownership of data collected using electronic technology; and (I) recommendations regarding policies and procedures to develop and implement electronic technologies for fisheries data collection and management. (5) Exemption from the federal advisory committee act.-- Chapter 10 of title 5, United States Code (commonly known as the ``Federal Advisory Committee Act''), does not apply to the Advisory Panel. (6) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this subsection may be construed to preclude any Council from independently developing electronic technologies to be used in fisheries data collection and management. SEC. 403. STOCK ASSESSMENTS. Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this section, and annually thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a report regarding the progress of the National Marine Fisheries Service with respect to prioritizing and improving stock assessments, including-- (1) a summary of the methods used for assessments for all stocks of fish for which a fishery management plan is in effect under the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.), and explain which stocks of fish have not been assessed, and why; (2) a summary of each stock assessment and stock assessment update completed during the preceding year; (3) an identification of each stock assessment that was planned but not completed and explain why such stock assessment was not completed; (4) the schedule for all upcoming stock assessments and stock assessment updates; (5) a summary of data and analysis, that, if available, would reduce uncertainty in and improve the accuracy of future stock assessments, including whether such data and analysis could be provided by fishermen, fishing communities, universities, and research institutions; (6) a summary of the progress with respect to autonomous surveys and an identification of opportunities to expand new technologies for stock assessments data collection; and (7) a summary of data gaps that may be a result of changing ocean and climate conditions, and actions taken to address changing assessment needs. SEC. 404. COOPERATIVE RESEARCH AND MANAGEMENT. (a) In General.--Section 318 (16 U.S.C. 1867) is amended-- (1) in subsection (a), by inserting ``fishing communities,'' after ``data),''; (2) by amending subsection (b) to read as follows: ``(b) Eligible Projects.-- ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall make funds available under the program established under subsection (a) on a competitive basis and based on regional fishery management needs to support cooperative research and management projects to address critical needs identified by the Councils. ``(2) Submission of critical needs list.--Each Council shall annually submit a list of critical needs to the Secretary that identifies and prioritizes such needs. ``(3) Use of data.--The program established under subsection (a) shall promote and encourage efforts to use sources of data maintained by other Federal agencies, State agencies, local and traditional knowledge, or academia for use in such projects.''; (3) by amending subsection (c) to read as follows:-- ``(c) Priorities.--In making funds available under subsection (b), the Secretary shall select projects that form part of a coherent program of cooperative research or management projects focused on addressing priority issues identified by the Councils, and shall give priority to the following types of projects: ``(1) Projects to collect data to improve, supplement, or enhance stock assessments, including the use of fishing vessels or acoustic or other marine technology. ``(2) Projects to improve fishery-dependent data collection, intake, use, and access including-- ``(A) to assess the amount and type of bycatch or post-release mortality occurring in a fishery; ``(B) expanding the use of electronic technology and modernizing data management systems; and ``(C) improving monitoring coverage through the expanded use of electronic technology. ``(3) Conservation engineering or management projects designed to reduce bycatch, including avoidance of post-release mortality, reduction of bycatch in high seas fisheries, and transfer of such fishing technologies and methods to other nations, or other regional entities, including fishing communities, regional fishery associations, and fishing sectors. ``(4) Projects for the identification of habitat areas of particular concern and for habitat conservation. ``(5) Projects designed to collect and compile economic and social data for which electronic technologies can be added. ``(6) Projects to test and expand electronic technologies for monitoring, reporting, observer coverage, and other functions. ``(7) Projects that use electronic technologies to-- ``(A) monitor changing ocean conditions; ``(B) improve methods; ``(C) support adaptive management; and ``(D) enhance climate resilience in fisheries. ``(8) Projects designed-- ``(A) to identify the impacts of anticipated changing ocean conditions, including climate change, on stocks of fish, fisheries, and fishing communities; or ``(B) to develop conservation and management strategies to adapt to such impacts. ``(9) Cooperative management projects that make use of data collected under this section. ``(10) Projects to better understand-- ``(A) interactions between sharks and humans; ``(B) what causes increases in such interactions; ``(C) the status of shark populations; and ``(D) how to best address such interactions to benefit both sharks and humans.''; (4) by redesignating subsections (e) and (f) as subsections (f) and (g), respectively; (5) by inserting after subsection (d) the following: ``(e) Cooperative Management Agreements.-- ``(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of the Sustaining America's Fisheries for the Future Act of 2024, the Secretary, in consultation with the Councils and with input from the public, shall issue guidance to facilitate a transparent, timely, uniform, and regionally based process for the development, oversight, and management of cooperative management agreements. ``(2) Process for approval.--The Secretary may use the process developed pursuant to subsection (d) to approve cooperative management agreements as if such agreements are cooperative fishing agreements. ``(3) Performance standards.--An agreement authorized by this subsection shall be subject to performance standards and accountability measures specified in a fishery management plan or otherwise established by the Secretary, in consultation with the Councils, and shall not allow catch in excess of annual catch limits or bycatch in excess of bycatch caps or limits. ``(4) Preexisting agreements.--This subsection shall not apply to a cooperative management agreement submitted to or proposed or approved by the Secretary before the date of the enactment of the Sustaining America's Fisheries for the Future Act of 2024.''; and (6) by adding at the end the following: ``(h) Public Report of Data.--With respect to any cooperative research project funded or experimental fishing permit issued under this section, the appropriate Council shall publish a report regarding results and data generated by such project or under such permit. ``(i) Progress Report.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of the Sustaining America's Fisheries for the Future Act of 2024, the Assistant Administrator for Fisheries shall submit to Congress a report regarding-- ``(1) the progress made by the National Marine Fisheries Service with respect to the implementation of the recommendations of the Cooperative Research and Cooperative Management Working Group report titled `NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-F/SPO-156' (August 2015); and ``(2) the development and implementation of any subsequent recommendations by such Working Group.''. (b) Findings.--Section 2(a)(8) (16 U.S.C. 1801(a)(8)) is amended by inserting ``Fisheries management is most effective when it uses the best scientific information available, and incorporates such information from governmental and nongovernmental sources, including State and Federal agency staff, fishermen, fishing communities, universities, nonprofit organizations, local and traditional knowledge from Tribes, Indigenous communities, and subsistence fishermen, and research institutions. Scientific and statistical committees should consider such information when seeking the best scientific information available to form the basis of conservation and management.'' after ``States.''. SEC. 405. NORTHEAST REGIONAL PILOT RESEARCH TRAWL SURVEY AND STUDY. (a) Industry-Based Pilot Study.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this section, the Secretary shall, in coordination with the relevant Councils as determined by the Secretary and the Northeast Area Monitoring and Assessment Program, develop a fishing industry-based Northeast regional pilot research trawl survey and study to enhance and improve the current National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration vessel trawl surveys. (b) Components.--Under the pilot survey and study-- (1) the Secretary-- (A) may select fishing industry vessels to participate in the study by issuing a request for procurement; (B) may use the Northeast Area Monitoring and Assessment Program Southern New England/Mid-Atlantic Nearshore Trawl Survey or another methodology selected in partnership with the National Marine Fisheries Service Northeast Fisheries Science Center and the Virginia Institute of Marine Science as a model for the pilot survey; (C) shall outfit participating vessels with a peer- reviewed net configuration; and (D) shall ensure the pilot study uses a statistically valid sampling method and spatial coverage that allows for comparison with results from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration vessel trawl surveys; and (2) the National Marine Fisheries Service Northeast Fisheries Science Center shall, in partnership with the relevant Councils and the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, collect data for 5 years. (c) Report.--Upon completion of the pilot survey and study, the Secretary and the relevant Councils shall submit to the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate a detailed report regarding the results of the pilot survey and study. SEC. 406. RECREATIONAL DATA CONSISTENCY. (a) In General.--Section 305 (16 U.S.C. 1855) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``(m) Recreational Data Improvement.-- ``(1) In general.--Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of the Sustaining America's Fisheries for the Future Act of 2024, the Secretary shall establish guidelines for recreational catch data, which shall include the development of data standards to improve timeliness, accuracy, precision, and validation of data produced by recreational surveys in order to facilitate the use of such data in stock assessments, for use in management actions, and for other uses as applicable. ``(2) Recommendations considered.--In establishing guidelines under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall consider the relevant recommendations developed under section 404(e), subsections (g)(4)(C) and (h) of section 401, and section 201(b) of the Modernizing Recreational Fisheries Management Act of 2018 (16 U.S.C. 1881 note). ``(3) Multiple data sources.--If recreational catch data for a stock of fish come from more than 1 survey program, such as Federal and non-Federal sources, including from States or Marine Fisheries Commissions, the Secretary shall implement measures, which may include the use of calibration methods, as needed for the timely integration of such data to ensure consistent methods and approaches are used for monitoring of catch against the relevant annual catch limits and for other fishery science and management purposes.''. (b) Recreational Data Improvement Program.--Title IV (16 U.S.C. 1881 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``SEC. 409. RECREATIONAL DATA IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM. ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall establish and carry out a comprehensive program to implement the guidelines established under section 305(m). ``(b) Coordination and Collaboration.--In carrying out the program established under subsection (a), the Secretary shall coordinate with programs established under subsection 401(g) and promote collaboration with State and Federal partners. ``(c) Strategic Plan.-- ``(1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of the Sustaining America's Fisheries for the Future Act of 2024, and not less frequently than once every 5 years thereafter, the Secretary shall develop, publish in the Federal Register, and submit to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of Representatives a strategic plan for recreational data improvements for the 5 years immediately following such publication. ``(2) Requirements.--Each plan published under paragraph (1) shall-- ``(A) improve coordination between Federal programs that implement recreational fishing surveys and other data from non-Federal sources, including data from States or Marine Fisheries Commissions; ``(B) improve the timeliness, accuracy, precision, and validation of data produced by surveys; ``(C) describe processes to calibrate data sources with historical time series data prior to being used for management; ``(D) develop methods to integrate recreational data collected from more than 1 source for use in stock assessments; ``(E) create goals, objectives, and timeframes for achievement of subparagraphs (A) through (D); ``(F) consider the use and effectiveness of experimental fishing permits to carry out such research; and ``(G) describe the role of fishery participants in the program. ``(3) Coordination.--In developing each strategic plan under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall cooperate with the Councils and affected States, provide for coordination with the Councils, affected States, and other research and data collection entities, and allow for public input. ``(4) Proposed plan.--Prior to publishing each plan under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall publish a proposed plan in the Federal Register for the purpose of receiving public comment on the plan. ``(d) Areas of Research.--In carrying out the program established under subsection (a), the Secretary shall prioritize research and improvement in the following areas: ``(1) Development of data standards and validation processes for survey programs collecting data on recreational fishing catch and effort, including those produced by State agencies and considered integral or supplemental to Federal surveys. ``(2) Research to understand how surveys of recreational fishing can more effectively account for differences in fishing rate and effort, including among fishermen who use private or public access points, and fishermen who are State residents or nonresidents. ``(3) Methods and policies to improve the estimation of discards in recreational fisheries, including estimation of discarded fish both during and outside of fishing seasons. ``(4) To improve understanding of best practices for minimizing discard mortality as well as estimation of adoption rates of such practices by fishermen. ``(5) To assess changes in discard mortality estimates when best fishing practices are adequately and verifiably applied. ``(6) Research regarding how the use of electronic applications can be used to collect data in recreational fisheries, including spatial information, depth, discard rate and disposition, release method, and socioeconomic information, while meeting data and validation standards. ``(7) Research regarding how electronic technologies can most effectively be incorporated into survey designs. ``(8) Research regarding methods to integrate recreational catch data from more than 1 survey source for use in assessments. ``(9) The use of approaches to improve recreational data, including the use of tag and endorsement measures to fund such data improvement, stock-wide regional effort surveys, and species-specific oversampling.''. SEC. 407. EMERGENCY OPERATING PLANS. (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this section, the Administrator, in consultation with the Councils, relevant Federal, State, and international agencies, scientific and technical experts, and interested stakeholders, shall develop a contingency plan for circumstances that would make fisheries monitoring, including human observation, surveys, and other data collection to support stock assessments, impractical. (b) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this section, the Administrator shall submit to Congress a report regarding the contingency plan developed under subsection (a). SEC. 408. ZEKE GRADER FISHERIES CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT FUND. (a) In General.--Section 208 of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Reauthorization Act of 2006 (16 U.S.C. 1891b) is amended-- (1) in the section heading, by inserting ``zeke grader'' before ``fisheries conservation and management fund''; (2) in subsection (a), by inserting ``Zeke Grader'' before ``Fisheries Conservation and Management Fund''; (3) in subsection (c), by striking ``Fishery Conservation and Management Fund'' each place such term appears and inserting ``Zeke Grader Fisheries Conservation and Management Fund''; (4) in subsection (b)-- (A) in paragraph (6), by striking ``and'' at the end; (B) in paragraph (7), by striking the period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and (C) by adding at the end the following: ``(8) conducting research and analysis to prepare and adapt fisheries and fishing communities to the effects of climate change.''; and (5) by amending subsection (d) to read as follows: ``(d) Allocation.-- ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraphs (2) and (3), the Secretary shall, every 2 years, apportion amounts from the Fund among the regions of each Council according to recommendations of such Councils, based on regional priorities identified through the process of such Councils. ``(2) Minimum allocation.--In the case of amounts deposited in the Fund pursuant to subsection (c)(2), unless specified otherwise, the Secretary shall allocate not less than 5 percent of the Fund in each allocation period to each region described in paragraph (1). ``(3) Specifically apportioned funds.--The Secretary may apportion amounts from the Fund to a specific project or region described in paragraph (1) if such amounts were identified by the Council that designated such amounts for inclusion in the Fund under subsection (c)(1), or by the appropriation Act, State, public source, or nonprofit or organization from which they were received under subsection (c)(2), as being deposited for that specific project or region.''. (b) References.--Any reference in a law, map, regulation, document, paper, or other record of the United States to the ``Fisheries Conservation and Management Fund'' is deemed to be a reference to the ``Zeke Grader Fisheries Conservation and Management Fund''. (c) Clerical Amendment.--The table of contents for the Magnuson- Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Reauthorization Act of 2006 (Public Law 109-479) is amended by striking the item relating to section 208 and inserting the following: ``Sec. 208. Zeke Grader Fisheries Conservation and Management Fund.''. SEC. 409. OFFSHORE WIND COLLABORATION. The Secretary and the Secretary of the Interior, acting through the Director of the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, shall enter into a cooperative agreement to fund such survey mitigation programs, additional stock assessments, and fisheries and marine wildlife research as may be necessary as a result of actions by such Bureau related to the development of offshore wind energy. SEC. 410. SHARK POPULATIONS ANALYSIS. Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this section, the Secretary shall develop a strategy to identify research priorities and funding opportunities to update and improve shark research, shark population surveys, and shark stock assessments, and incorporate, as applicable, new and emerging survey technology techniques to integrate into the status of stock reports. TITLE V--SUSTAINING FISHERIES THROUGH HEALTHY ECOSYSTEMS AND IMPROVED MANAGEMENT SEC. 501. SENSE OF CONGRESS. It is the sense of Congress that protection of essential fish habitat ensures healthy and resilient fisheries and marine ecosystems, particularly as oceans conditions shift due to climate change, and that impacts from both fishing gear and nonfishing activities should be considered through consistent application of essential fish habitat provisions under the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.). SEC. 502. ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT CONSULTATION. (a) Purpose.--Section 2(b)(7) (16 U.S.C. 1801(b)(7)) is amended by striking ``in the review of projects'' and inserting ``from adverse effects caused by fishing and from projects''. (b) Habitat Area of Particular Concern.--Section 3 (16 U.S.C. 1802) is amended-- (1) by redesignating paragraph (1) as paragraph (1A); (2) by inserting before paragraph (1A), as so redesignated, the following: ``(1) The term `adverse effect' means, with respect to essential fish habitat, any impact that reduces the quality or quantity of essential fish habitat.''; and (3) by inserting after paragraph (19) the following: ``(19A) The term `habitat area of particular concern' means a specific type or area of habitat that is part of or within essential fish habitat that-- ``(A) provides an important ecological function, including maintaining and restoring the biomass, demographic, spatial, or genetic characteristics of fish populations; ``(B) is sensitive to human-induced environmental degradation; ``(C) is or will be significantly stressed by human activities; ``(D) due to prevailing or anticipated future environmental conditions, is or may become important to the health of a managed species; or ``(E) is rare.''. (c) Contents of Fishery Management Plans.--Section 303(a)(7) (16 U.S.C. 1853(a)(7)) is amended to read as follows: ``(7)(A) describe and identify essential fish habitat for the fishery based on the guidelines established by the Secretary under section 305(b)(1)(A), minimize adverse effects on essential fish habitat caused by fishing, and identify other actions to encourage the conservation and enhancement of essential fish habitat; and ``(B) describe and identify habitat areas of particular concern based on the guidelines established by the Secretary under section 305(b)(1)(A), avoid adverse effects on such habitat caused by fishing, monitor efficacy of actions to avoid adverse effects, and identify other actions to encourage the conservation and enhancement of such habitat;''. (d) Essential Fish Habitat.--Section 305(b) (16 U.S.C. 1855(b)) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1)(D)-- (A) by inserting ``use existing programs administered by the Secretary and'' after ``shall''; and (B) by inserting ``and such agencies shall take action'' after ``agencies''; (2) by striking paragraphs (2) through (4); and (3) by adding at the end the following: ``(2) Requirements for federal agency actions with adverse effect.--Each Federal agency shall-- ``(A) with respect to an action authorized, funded, or undertaken, or proposed to be authorized, funded, or undertaken, by such agency that may adversely affect essential fish habitat identified under this Act, notify and consult with the Secretary; ``(B) with respect to an action that may adversely affect essential fish habitat, ensure that any action authorized, funded, or undertaken by such agency avoids the adverse effect of such action on essential fish habitat or, to the extent that the adverse effect cannot be avoided, minimize and mitigate the adverse effect; and ``(C) with respect to an action that may adversely affect a habitat area of particular concern, in consultation with the Secretary-- ``(i) monitor, or require monitoring for, such adverse effect for the period during which such adverse effect is likely to occur; or ``(ii) take action to minimize and mitigate such adverse effect of the action on the habitat area of particular concern and the species with respect to which the habitat area of particular concern is designated. ``(3) Information to council.--The Secretary shall inform each Council that has authority over an affected fishery of any consultation carried out under this subsection, including information regarding the proposed action and the potential adverse effects, and each such Council-- ``(A) may comment on and make recommendations to the Secretary and any Federal or State agency concerning any activity authorized, funded, or undertaken, or proposed to be authorized, funded, or undertaken, by any Federal or State agency that, in the view of the Council, may affect the habitat, including essential fish habitat, of a fishery resource under the authority of such Council; and ``(B) shall comment on and make recommendations to the Secretary and any Federal or State agency concerning any such activity that, in the view of the Council, is likely to substantially affect the habitat, including essential fish habitat, of an anadromous fishery resource under the authority of such Council. ``(4) Information from other sources.-- ``(A) Receipt of information.--If the Secretary determines based on information received from a Council, Federal or State agency, or other source that an action authorized, funded, or undertaken, or proposed to be authorized, funded, or undertaken, by a Federal or State agency will adversely affect essential fish habitat identified under this Act-- ``(i) the Secretary shall recommend to such agency measures for such agency to take to avoid such adverse effects; and ``(ii) to the extent such adverse effects cannot be avoided, such agency shall minimize and mitigate such adverse effects. ``(B) Required response.-- ``(i) In general.--The head of a Federal agency that receives a recommendation from the Secretary under subparagraph (A) regarding measures for such agency to take to avoid the adverse effects of an action described in that subparagraph on essential fish habitat identified under this Act shall, not later than 30 days after the date on which such agency head receives such recommendation, submit to the Secretary and each Council that comments under paragraph (3) a detailed response in writing regarding such recommendation, including-- ``(I) a description of each measure such agency proposes to take to avoid the adverse effects; ``(II) to the extent the adverse effects cannot be avoided, a description of each measure such agency proposes to take to minimize and mitigate the adverse effects of the action on such essential fish habitat; and ``(III) if such response is inconsistent with such recommendation an explanation regarding-- ``(aa) how each measure described in subclause (I) will avoid such adverse effects; and ``(bb) to the extent such adverse effects cannot be avoided, a description of each measure such agency proposes to take to minimize and mitigate such adverse effects. ``(C) Publication.--The Secretary shall make available to the public-- ``(i) each recommendation made under subparagraph (A) on the date on which such recommendation is made; and ``(ii) each response made by an agency under subparagraph (B) on the date on which such response is received by the Secretary. ``(D) Monitoring.--The Secretary shall monitor each measure taken by each Federal agency to meet the requirements of this subsection. ``(5) Regulations.--The Secretary shall issue regulations regarding the consultation process established under this subsection, including-- ``(A) ensuring that each recommendation made by the Secretary under paragraph (4) results in the avoidance of adverse effects on essential fish habitat and, to the extent adverse effects cannot be avoided, the minimization and mitigation of any such adverse effects; ``(B) measures to streamline such consultation process with other environmental review processes; and ``(C) procedures to develop programmatic recommendations for measures that avoid, minimize, and mitigate adverse impacts of actions on essential fish habitat. ``(6) Required restrictions.--A Federal agency may not enter into a lease, easement, right-of-way, or sale of any area designated as essential fish habitat unless such agency attaches appropriate covenants or restrictions on the use of the area to require that parties avoid causing adverse effects to the relevant essential fish habitat. ``(7) Considerations for restoration projects.--In consulting with a Federal agency under this section for projects that seek to restore and improve the long-term resilience of habitat, particularly in estuarine environments heavily affected by sea level rise and other climate change factors, the Secretary shall account for the consequences of not pursuing such restoration and habitat resilience projects and the long-term positive impacts on fish populations of such activities.''. SEC. 503. REDUCING BYCATCH. (a) Minimizing Bycatch.-- (1) National standards for fishery conservation and management.--Section 301(a)(9) (16 U.S.C. 1851(a)(9)) is amended to read as follows: ``(9) Conservation and management measures shall-- ``(A) minimize bycatch; and ``(B) to the extent bycatch cannot be avoided, minimize the mortality of such bycatch.''. (2) Contents of fishery management plans.--Section 303 (16 U.S.C. 1853) is amended-- (A) in subsection (a)-- (i) in paragraph (5), by inserting ``quantification of bycatch,'' after ``hauls,''; and (ii) in paragraph (11), by striking ``to the extent practicable and''; and (B) in subsection (b)-- (i) in paragraph (12), by striking ``and'' at the end; and (ii) by inserting after paragraph (12) the following: ``(13) consider full retention requirements for species with high catch mortality rates, provided that an annual catch limit and accountability measures are in place for the species and constrain catch in the fishery; and''. (3) Action by the secretary.--Section 304 (16 U.S.C. 1854) is amended-- (A) by redesignating the second subsection (i) as subsection (j); and (B) by adding at the end the following: ``(k) Standardized Bycatch Reporting Program.-- ``(1) Establishment.--Not later than 3 years after the date of the enactment of the Sustaining America's Fisheries for the Future Act of 2024, the Secretary shall establish a national standardized reporting program (referred to in this subsection as `the program')-- ``(A) to assess the amount and type of bycatch occurring in each fishery and across fisheries; ``(B) to determine the contribution of bycatch to the total fishing-related mortality of each fishery; and ``(C) to evaluate the effects of bycatch on relevant fisheries and the ecosystem. ``(2) Methodology and standards.--The Secretary shall, in carrying out the program-- ``(A) identify appropriate methodologies and standards to collect and produce statistically accurate and precise information regarding bycatch; and ``(B) require consistent data reporting, collection, and assessment for each fishery managed under a fishery management plan. ``(3) Multiple jurisdictions.--If a species is caught in areas under the jurisdiction of more than 1 Council or fishery management plan, the Secretary shall require consistent reporting mechanisms across each such jurisdiction to ensure that data with respect to such species can be aggregated and compared. ``(4) Coordination with states.--The Secretary shall coordinate with State fishery managers to carry out paragraph (3).''. (b) Bycatch Reduction Engineering Program.--Section 316 (16 U.S.C. 1865) is amended-- (1) in subsection (a)-- (A) by inserting ``(in this section referred to as the `program')'' after ``bycatch reduction program''; and (B) by striking paragraphs (3) and (4) and inserting the following: ``(3) provide information, outreach, technical assistance, and training to Councils, tribes, and fishery participants that will encourage adoption and use of technologies and methods developed under the program; and ``(4) provide for routine consultation with the Councils to maximize opportunities to incorporate results of the program in Council actions and provide incentives for adoption of technologies and methods developed under the program in fishery management plans, actions, and other measures developed by the Councils or the Secretary.''; and (2) in subsection (d)-- (A) by striking ``transmit an annual report'' and inserting ``, not less frequently than once every 3 years, transmit a report''; (B) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'' at the end; (C) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and (D) by adding at the end the following: ``(4) includes a description of each bycatch reduction technology and method developed, tested, or supported by the program, and a summary of how each such technology and method have been implemented into fishery management, or an explanation for why each such technology and method has not been implemented.''. SEC. 504. IMPROVING REBUILDING OUTCOMES. Section 304(e) (16 U.S.C. 1854(e)) is amended to read as follows:-- ``(e) Rebuilding Overfished Fisheries and Ending Overfishing.-- ``(1) Determination of status.-- ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall determine, at any time based on the best scientific information available, for each stock of fish within the geographic area of authority of each Council (or the Secretary, for stocks of fish managed under section 302(a)(3)), whether each such stock of fish is-- ``(i) subject to overfishing; ``(ii) overfished; or ``(iii) approaching a condition of being overfished. ``(B) Criteria for determination.-- ``(i) Criteria provided by managing document.--In making a determination under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall, with respect to a stock of fish managed under a stock of fish management plan or international agreement, use the criteria specified in such plan or agreement. ``(ii) Approaching a condition of being overfished.--In making a determination under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall classify a stock of fish as approaching a condition of being overfished if, based on trends in fishing effort, fishery resource size, and other appropriate factors, the Secretary estimates that the stock of fish will become overfished within 2 years. ``(iii) Stocks of fish lacking criteria.-- For stocks of fish that lack criteria as required under section 303(a)(10), the Secretary shall determine whether the stock of fish is subject to overfishing or overfished using the best available scientific information. ``(2) Publication.-- ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall publish each determination made under paragraph (1) in the Federal Register. ``(B) Notification of council.--If the Secretary determines that a stock of fish is subject to overfishing, overfished, or approaching a condition of being overfished under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall immediately notify the appropriate Council and request that action be taken-- ``(i) to end overfishing with respect to the stock of fish immediately; ``(ii) for a stock of fish that is overfished, to end overfishing immediately and to implement conservation and management measures to rebuild the affected stock of fish; or ``(iii) for a stock of fish that is approaching a condition of being overfished, to end overfishing immediately and prevent the stock of fish from reaching a overfished condition. ``(C) Annual report.--The Secretary shall annually submit to Congress and each Council a report regarding the status of each stock of fish, including-- ``(i) a list of each determination made with respect to a stock of fish under paragraph (1) during the preceding year; ``(ii) an identification of each stock of fish managed under this Act that is under a rebuilding plan or in need of a rebuilding plan (as specified by this section), including-- ``(I) specifying the number of years the stock of fish has been in a rebuilding plan; ``(II) the anticipated length in years of the current rebuilding plan of the stock of fish; ``(III) the number of rebuilding plans that have been implemented for the stock of fish; and ``(IV) whether a lack of adequate progress toward ending overfishing and rebuilding has been found for the stock of fish; and ``(iii) the use, as appropriate, of the term `depleted' to further describe an overfished stock of fish that has been significantly impacted by environmental factors in addition to (or in the absence of) fishing pressure. ``(3) Required action by council.-- ``(A) Determination that requires action.--Not later than 2 years after date on which the Secretary makes any of the following determinations, the appropriate Council (or the Secretary, for a fishery managed under section 302(a)(3)) shall take an action described in subparagraph (B): ``(i) A determination that a stock of fish is subject to overfishing, overfished, or approaching a condition of being overfished. ``(ii) A determination that a rebuilding plan has failed under paragraph (7)(C). ``(iii) A determination that a stock of fish has reached the end of the time period for a rebuilding plan under paragraph (8). ``(B) Actions.--The actions described in this subparagraph are-- ``(i) with respect to a stock of fish that is subject to overfishing, to end overfishing immediately and prevent overfishing of the stock; ``(ii) with respect to a stock of fish that is overfished, to end overfishing immediately and to rebuild the stock of fish; or ``(iii) with respect to a stock of fish that is approaching a condition of being overfished, to end overfishing immediately and prevent the stock of fish from reaching such condition. ``(4) Rebuilding plan required.--For a stock of fish that is overfished, any management document prepared pursuant to paragraph (3) or (5) for such fishery shall-- ``(A) specify a time period for rebuilding the stock of fish that shall-- ``(i) be as short as possible, taking into account the status and biology of overfished stocks of fish, the needs of fishing communities, recommendations by international organizations in which the United States participates, and the interaction of the overfished stock of fish within the marine ecosystem; and ``(ii) not exceed the time the stock of fish would be rebuilt in the absence of any fishing mortality plus 1 mean generation; ``(B) allocate both overfishing restrictions and recovery benefits fairly and equitably among sectors of the fishery; ``(C) for a stock of fish managed under an international agreement, reflect traditional participation in the stock of fish, relative to other nations, by fishermen of the United States; and ``(D) contain objective and measurable criteria for evaluating rebuilding progress. ``(5) Secretarial plan.--If a Council does not meet the deadline described in paragraph (3)(A) to submit a management document the Secretary shall, not later than 9 months after the date on which such deadline expires, prepare such management document for the affected stock of fish under subsection (c). ``(6) Interim measures.-- ``(A) In general.--During the development of a management document for a stock of fish required by this subsection, a Council may request that the Secretary implement interim measures to reduce overfishing under section 305(c) until such measures can be replaced by such management document. ``(B) Measures allowed.--Interim measures described in subparagraph (A), if otherwise in compliance with the provisions of this Act, may be implemented even if such measures are not sufficient to stop overfishing of a fishery. ``(7) Assessment of rebuilding plan.-- ``(A) Secretarial review.-- ``(i) In general.--The Secretary shall review each management document relating to a stock of fish required by this subsection not less often than once every 2 years to determine whether such management document has resulted in adequate progress toward rebuilding affected stocks of fish. ``(ii) Lack of adequate progress.--In carrying out a review under clause (i), the Secretary shall find a lack of adequate progress toward rebuilding an affected stock of fish if-- ``(I) the status of the stock of fish is not improving sufficiently such that it becomes unlikely that the stock of fish will be rebuilt within the rebuilding time period; ``(II) the applicable fishing mortality rate or annual catch limits are exceeded, and the causes and rebuilding consequences of such exceedances have not been corrected; ``(III) new scientific information demonstrates that assumptions regarding the biology of the stock of fish that formed the basis for the rebuilding plan, such as the productivity of the stock of fish, were fundamentally inaccurate, and such inaccuracies render the current rebuilding plan unable to address the rebuilding needs of the stock of fish; or ``(IV) for such other reasons as the Secretary determines appropriate. ``(B) Finding of inadequate progress.-- ``(i) In general.--Except as provided in subparagraph (C), if the Secretary finds after a review under subparagraph (A) that a management document has not resulted in adequate progress toward rebuilding affected stocks of fish, the Secretary shall-- ``(I) in the case of a stock of fish to which section 302(a)(3) applies, immediately make revisions necessary to achieve adequate progress toward rebuilding the stock of fish by the deadline established under paragraph (4); or ``(II) for all other stocks of fish, immediately notify the appropriate Council, which shall make revisions necessary to achieve adequate progress toward rebuilding the stock of fish by not later than the deadline established under paragraph (4). ``(ii) Council inaction.--If a Council fails to complete the action required under subclause (II) by the date that is 9 months after the date of the Council receives a notification from the Secretary under that subclause, the Secretary shall, not later than 18 months after the date of such notification, make such revisions as are needed to ensure adequate progress toward rebuilding the stock of fish by not later than the rebuilding deadline established under paragraph (4). ``(C) Failed rebuilding plan.--If the Secretary finds that revisions pursuant to subparagraph (B) cannot achieve adequate progress within the time period set under paragraph (4), the Secretary may find that the rebuilding plan for the stock of fish has failed. ``(D) Publication.--The Secretary shall publish the results of a review performed under this paragraph in the Federal Register, including a determination of adequate progress or inadequate progress, and the basis for such determination. ``(8) Subsequent rebuilding plan.-- ``(A) In general.--If a rebuilding time period established under paragraph (4) expires and the relevant stock of fish has not been rebuilt, or the Secretary determines that an existing rebuilding plan for a stock of fish has failed under paragraph (7)(C), the Council (or Secretary in the case of a stock of fish to which section 302(a)(3) applies) shall prepare a new rebuilding plan pursuant to paragraphs (3) through (6), except that such plan shall have not less than a 75-percent chance of rebuilding the stock of fish by the end of the new rebuilding time period set under paragraph (4). ``(B) Management measures in effect.--Management measures intended to rebuild the stock of fish shall remain in effect during the preparation of a rebuilding plan under subparagraph (A). ``(9) Management document.--In this subsection, the term `management document' means a management plan, management plan amendment, or proposed regulations for a stock of fish.''. SEC. 505. OVERFISHED FISHERIES AND PREVENTING OVERFISHING. (a) Information Provided by Scientific and Statistical Committees.--Section 302(g)(1) (16 U.S.C. 1852(g)(1)) is amended-- (1) in subparagraph (A), by inserting ``ecological,'' after ``social,''; and (2) by amending subparagraph (B) to read as follows: ``(B) Each scientific and statistical committee shall provide its Council with ongoing scientific advice for fishery management decisions, including-- ``(i) recommendations-- ``(I) for accounting for all sources of mortality in establishing management measures; ``(II) for the acceptable biological catch levels; ``(III) for preventing overfishing; ``(IV) for maximum sustainable yield; and ``(V) for achieving rebuilding targets and promoting resilience of stocks of fish to climate change; ``(ii) objective and measurable criteria to determine whether a stock of fish is overfished or experiencing overfishing; and ``(iii) reports regarding stock status and health, sources of mortality, bycatch, habitat status, social, ecological, and economic impacts of management measures, and sustainability of fishing practices, and prevailing and anticipated future impacts of climate change on stocks of fish, fishing communities, and fishery sectors.''. (b) Minimum Required Precautionary Standard.--Section 303(a)(10) (16 U.S.C. 1853(a)(10)) is amended to read as follows: ``(10) specify objective and measurable criteria for identifying when the stock of fish to which the plan applies is overfished or subject to overfishing (with an analysis of how such criteria were determined and the relationship of such criteria to the reproductive potential of stocks of fish in that fishery), which may not be less precautionary than the recommendation of the scientific and statistical committees for such fishery as required by section 302(g)(1)(B), and, in the case of a fishery which the Council or the Secretary has determined is approaching a condition of being overfished or is overfished, contain conservation and management measures to prevent overfishing or end overfishing and rebuild the fishery;''. (c) Technical Correction.--Section 301 of the Modernizing Recreational Fisheries Management Act of 2018 (16 U.S.C. 1801 note) is amended to read as follows: ``SEC. 301. RULE OF CONSTRUCTION. ``Nothing in this Act, including the amendment made by section 102(a)(3), may be construed to modify the requirements of section 301(a), 302(h)(6), 303(a)(15), or 304(e) of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1851(a), 1852(h)(6), 1853(a)(15), or 1854(e)), or the equal application of such requirements and other standards and requirements under that Act (18 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.) to commercial, charter, and recreational fisheries, including each component of mixed-use fisheries.''. SEC. 506. PREPARATION AND REVIEW OF SECRETARIAL PLANS. Section 304(c)(1) (16 U.S.C. 1854(c)) is amended-- (1) by striking ``may'' and inserting ``shall''; (2) in subparagraph (A), by inserting ``not to exceed 2 years, or 9 months in the case of a management plan or amendment subject to section 304(e)(7)(B)'' after ``time''; (3) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ``not later than 180 days after the disapproval'' before the semicolon; and (4) by adding at the end the following: ``Not later than 30 days before the date on which a time period established in subparagraph (B) or (C) ends, the Secretary shall provide written notification to the affected Council that if such Council does not fulfill the requirements described in such subparagraph, the Secretary shall issue a Secretarial plan.''. SEC. 507. COUNCILS. Section 302(h) (16 U.S.C. 1852(h)) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (5), by striking ``and'' at the end; (2) in paragraph (7)-- (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) and (C) as subparagraphs (C) and (D), respectively; and (B) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the following: ``(B) prioritize fisheries and habitats experiencing or expected to experience shifts in geographic range, spatial distribution, or productivity;''; (3) by redesignating paragraphs (8) and (9) as paragraphs (11) and (12), respectively; and (4) by inserting after paragraph (7) the following: ``(8) approve, for each of its managed stocks of fish, objective and measurable criteria for identifying whether the stock of fish is overfished or experiencing overfishing, which may not be less precautionary than the recommendation of its scientific and statistical committee; ``(9) develop and implement a habitat protection plan to protect essential fish habitat in the region of the Council from adverse effects caused by fishing, including-- ``(A) quantitative and measurable targets and goals to increase quality, quantity, and representativeness of essential fish habitat; and ``(B) conservation and management measures in a fishery management plan to implement the habitat protection plan; ``(10) at routine intervals not less frequently than every 7 years and based on scientific evidence or other relevant information, review habitat protection plans developed under paragraph (9) by such Council and each designation of essential fish habitat and habitat areas of particular concern under section 303(a)(7) by such Council, and amend fishery management plans of such Council as necessary and appropriate;''. SEC. 508. FORAGE FISH CONSERVATION. (a) Findings.--Section 2(a) (16 U.S.C. 1801(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``(17) Forage fish are generally small to intermediate- sized species, occurring in schools or dense aggregations, and function as a main pathway for energy to flow from phyto- and zooplankton to higher trophic level predators, such as tuna, Alaska pollock, and other wildlife, in marine ecosystems. While most species function as prey of others at some life stage, especially when small and young, forage fish maintain this important trophic role throughout their life. Further, fluctuations in their populations can result in significant changes in marine communities and ecosystems. Therefore, particular attention to management of forage fish species, and addressing their unique role in marine ecosystems, is critical to maintaining ecosystem function and sustainable fisheries.''. (b) Definitions.-- (1) Secretary to define forage fish.--Section 305 (16 U.S.C. 1855) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``(n) Forage Fish.--Not later than 6 months after the date of the enactment of the Sustaining America's Fisheries for the Future Act of 2024, the Secretary shall issue a definition of the term `forage fish' for the purposes of this Act. In defining such term, the Secretary shall consider factors including whether a species covered by such definition, throughout such species' lifecycle-- ``(1) is at a low trophic level; ``(2) is generally small- to intermediate-sized; ``(3) occurs in schools or other dense aggregations; ``(4) contributes significantly to the diets of other fish, marine mammals, or birds; and ``(5) serves as a conduit for energy transfer to species at a higher trophic level.''. (2) Definitions.--Section 3 (16 U.S.C. 1802) is amended-- (A) by redesignating the second paragraph (33) as paragraph (53); (B) by redesignating paragraphs (28) through (50) as paragraphs (30) through (52), respectively; (C) by redesignating paragraphs (19) through (27) as paragraphs (20) through (28), respectively; (D) by inserting after paragraph (18) the following: ``(19) The term `forage fish'-- ``(A) has the meaning given the term by the Secretary under section 305(n); and ``(B) with respect to a species in a fishery managed pursuant to a fishery management plan or plan amendment that is approved by the Secretary under section 304(a), means any species identified in such plan as a forage fish.''; (E) by inserting after paragraph (28), as so redesignated by paragraph (3) of this section, the following: ``(29) The term `low trophic level' means a position in the marine food web in which the fish generally consume plankton.''; and (F) in paragraph (35), as so redesignated by paragraph (2) of this subsection-- (i) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``and'' at the end; (ii) in subparagraph (C), by striking the period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and (iii) by adding at the end the following: ``(D) in the case of a forage fish, is reduced, pursuant to subparagraph (B), to provide for the diet needs of fish species and other marine wildlife, including marine mammals and birds, for which forage fish is a significant dietary component.''. (c) Scientific Advice.--Section 302(g)(1)(B) (16 U.S.C. 1852(g)(1)(B)) is amended to read as follows: ``(B) Each scientific and statistical committee shall provide its Council ongoing scientific advice for fishery management decisions, including recommendations for-- ``(i) acceptable biological catch; ``(ii) preventing overfishing; ``(iii) maximum sustainable yield; ``(iv) achieving rebuilding targets; ``(v) maintaining a sufficient abundance, diversity, and localized distribution of forage fish populations to support their role in marine ecosystems; and ``(vi) reports on stock status and health, bycatch, habitat status, social and economic impacts of management measures, and sustainability of fishing practices.''. (d) Council Functions.-- (1) Research priorities.--Section 302(h)(7) (16 U.S.C. 1852(h)(7)) is amended, in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by inserting ``forage fish populations and distribution,'' after ``habitats,''. (2) Unmanaged forage fish.--Section 302(h) (16 U.S.C. 1852(h)) is amended-- (A) in paragraph (11), as so redesignated by section 507 of this Act, by striking ``and'' at the end; (B) by redesignating paragraph (12), as so redesignated by section 507 of this Act, as paragraph (13); and (C) by inserting after paragraph (11) the following: ``(12) develop a list of unmanaged forage fish occurring in the area under its authority and prohibit the development of any new directed forage fish fishery until the Council has-- ``(A) considered the best scientific information available and evaluated the potential impacts of forage fish harvest on existing fisheries, fishing communities, and the marine ecosystem; ``(B) determined whether conservation and management of the forage fish fishery is needed; ``(C) if a determination is made that conservation and management is needed, prepared and submitted to the Secretary a fishery management plan or amendment consistent with section 303; and ``(D) received final, approved regulations from the Secretary pursuant to section 304(b)(3); and''. (3) Effective date.--The amendments made by paragraphs (1) and (2) shall take effect 2 years after the date of the enactment of this section. (e) Contents of Fishery Management Plans.-- (1) Forage fish management.--Section 303(a) (16 U.S.C. 1853(a)) is amended-- (A) in paragraph (16), as added by section 102 of this Act, by striking ``and'' at the end; (B) in paragraph (17), as added by section 102 of this Act, by striking the period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and (C) by adding at the end the following: ``(18) when setting annual catch limits for forage fish fisheries, assess, specify, and reduce such limits by the diet needs of fish species and other marine wildlife, such as marine mammals and birds, for which forage fish is a significant part of their diet.''. (2) Effective date.--The amendments made by paragraph (1) shall take effect 5 years after the date of the enactment of this section. (f) Action by Secretary.--Section 304 (16 U.S.C. 1854) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``(l) Forage Fish Management Guidelines.-- ``(1) In general.--Not later than 18 months after the date of the enactment of the Sustaining America's Fisheries for the Future Act of 2024, the Secretary shall establish by regulation guidelines to assist the Councils in implementing sections 3(19), 302(h)(9), and 303(a)(16). ``(2) Workshops.--In developing the guidelines under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall conduct workshops with Councils and other scientific, fisheries, and conservation interests.''. (g) River Herring and Shad.-- (1) Definitions.--In this section-- (A) River herring.--The term ``river herring'' means blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis) and alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus). (B) Shad.--The term ``shad'' means American shad (Alosa sapidissima) and hickory shad (Alosa mediocris). (2) Amendments of plans.--Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this section, the Secretary shall-- (A) amend the fishery management plans for the Atlantic Herring and Atlantic Mackerel, Squid, and Butterfish fisheries for the New England and Mid- Atlantic Regions to add shad and river herring as managed stocks in such plans consistent with section 302(h)(1) of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1852(h)(1)); (B) initiate additional fishery management plan amendments to be completed in not more than 1 year from the date of the addition of the species identified in paragraph (1) in order to develop and implement all required conservation and management measures for such stocks consistent with the Magnuson-Stevens Fisheries Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.), and all other applicable law; and (C) notwithstanding any other law, rule, or fishery management plan provision, including conservation and management measures under section 303(a)(11) of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1853(a)(11)), reallocate existing resources to provide, for not less than 50 percent of all relevant fishing trips, not fewer than 1 at-sea observer or an on-board electronic or video means of producing equivalent at-sea monitoring information, for any vessel using midwater trawl or paired midwater trawl fishing gear in the Atlantic herring and Atlantic mackerel fisheries. (h) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section may be construed as-- (1) extending or diminishing the jurisdiction or authority of any State within its boundaries; or (2) affecting-- (A) section 306 of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 U.S.C. 1856); or (B) the Atlantic Coastal Fisheries Cooperative Management Act (16 U.S.C. 5101 et seq.). SEC. 509. FUNDING FOR MONITORING IMPLEMENTATION OF NORTHEAST MULTISPECIES FISHERY MANAGEMENT PLAN. Section 311(f)(4) (16 U.S.C. 1861(f)(4)) is amended by striking ``pursuant to this section to enforce that Plan'' and inserting ``to enforce and monitor (including electronic monitoring) implementation of such Plan''. SEC. 510. HIGHLY MIGRATORY SPECIES. Section 304(g)(1) (16 U.S.C. 1854(g)(1)) is amended-- (1) in subparagraph (B), by inserting ``a scientific and statistical committee and'' after ``establish''; and (2) by amending subparagraph (C) to read as follows: ``(C) for stocks of fish not managed pursuant to the Atlantic Tunas Convention Act of 1975 (16 U.S.C. 971 et seq.), develop annual catch limits that may not exceed the fishing level recommendations of the scientific and statistical committee;''. TITLE VI--INTERNATIONAL FISHERIES MANAGEMENT SEC. 601. CONSERVATION COMMISSIONER OF ATLANTIC TUNAS CONVENTION. (a) Appointment and Procedure of Commissioners.--Section 3(a) of the Atlantic Tunas Convention Act of 1975 (16 U.S.C. 971a(a)) is amended to read as follows: ``(a) Appointment and Number; Rules of Procedure; Term.-- ``(1) Appointment.--The President shall appoint 4 Commissioners to serve as delegates of the United States to the Commission as follows: ``(A) 1 Commissioner shall be a Federal employee who shall serve as Chair. ``(B) 3 Commissioners shall not be Federal employees, of whom-- ``(i) 1 shall have knowledge and experience regarding commercial fishing in the Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Mexico, or Caribbean Sea; ``(ii) 1 shall have knowledge and experience regarding recreational fishing in the Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Mexico, or Caribbean Sea; and ``(iii) 1 shall have knowledge and experience in marine conservation and shall represent the public interest in marine conservation and nonconsumptive uses of the Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Mexico, and Carribean Sea. ``(2) Term of appointment.-- ``(A) Length of term.--The term of a Commissioner appointed under paragraph (1) shall be 3 years. ``(B) Consecutive terms.--No individual appointed under paragraph (1) shall serve more than 2 consecutive terms as Commissioner. ``(C) Pleasure of president.--Each Commissioner appointed under paragraph (1) shall serve at the pleasure of the President. ``(3) Representation of the united states.-- ``(A) In general.--At meetings of the Commission, Council, any Panel, or any other function as provided for in the Convention, the United States shall be represented by the Commissioner described in paragraph (1)(A) and 2 Commissioners described in paragraph (1)(B). ``(B) Procedures for rotation.-- The Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary, shall establish procedures under which the Commissioners appointed described in paragraph (1)(B) rotate in representing the United States to the Commission. ``(C) Right to participation.--Each Commissioner appointed under paragraph (1) may-- ``(i) attend all meetings of the Commission, Council, any Panel, or any other function as provided for in the Convention; and ``(ii) participate fully in all United States preparatory activity for any activity relating to the Convention.''. (b) Regulation May Not Decrease Allocation or Quota.--Section 6(c)(3) of the Atlantic Tunas Convention Act of 1975 (16 U.S.C. 971d(c)(3)) is amended by striking ``or decreasing''. SEC. 602. CONSERVATION COMMISSIONER OF WESTERN AND CENTRAL PACIFIC FISHERIES CONVENTION. Section 503(a) of the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Convention Implementation Act (16 U.S.C. 6902(a)) is amended to read as follows: ``(a) In General.-- ``(1) Representation.--The United States shall be represented on the Commission by 5 United States Commissioners. ``(2) Appointment.-- ``(A) In general.--The President shall appoint individuals to serve on the Commission. ``(B) Qualifications of commissioners.--In making appointments under this paragraph, the President shall select Commissioners from among individuals who are knowledgeable or experienced concerning highly migratory fish stocks and commercial fishing in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean-- ``(i) 1 of whom shall be an officer or employee of the Department of Commerce; ``(ii) 1 of whom shall be the chairman or a member of the Western Pacific Fishery Management Council; ``(iii) 1 of whom shall be the chairman or a member of the Pacific Fishery Management Council; and ``(iv) 1 of whom shall be an individual with knowledge and experience in marine conservation who shall represent the public interest in marine conservation and non- consumptive uses of the Western and Central Pacific Ocean. ``(3) Pleasure of president.--Each individual appointed by the President to serve on the Commission shall serve at the pleasure of the President. ``(4) Rules of procedure.--The Commissioners shall be entitled to adopt such rules of procedures as they find necessary and to select a chairman from among members who are officers or employees of the United States Government.''. SEC. 603. CONSERVATION COMMISSIONER OF INTER-AMERICAN TROPICAL TUNA COMMISSION. Section 3(a) of the Tuna Conventions Act of 1950 (16 U.S.C. 952) is amended to read as follows: ``(a) Commissioners.-- ``(1) Appointment.--The President shall appoint 4 individuals to represent the United States on the Commission. ``(2) Removal.--The Commissioners appointed under paragraph (1) shall be subject to supervision and removal by the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Secretary. ``(3) Qualifications.--In making an appointment under paragraph (1), the President shall select Commissioners from among individuals who are knowledgeable or experienced concerning highly migratory fish stocks in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean-- ``(A) 1 of whom shall be an officer or employee of the Department of Commerce; and ``(B) 1 of whom shall be an individual with knowledge and experience in marine conservation, and who shall represent the public interest in marine conservation and nonconsumptive uses of the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean. ``(4) Limitation on appointments.--The President may not appoint more than 2 Commissioners under paragraph (1) who reside in a State other than a State the vessels of which maintain a substantial fishery in the area of the Convention.''. SEC. 604. APPLICATION OF ANNUAL CATCH LIMIT AND ACCOUNTABILITY MEASURES REQUIREMENT. Section 104(b) of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Reauthorization Act of 2006 (16 U.S.C. 1853 note) is amended to read as follows: ``(b) Effective Dates; Application to Certain Species.--The amendment made by subsection (a)(10)-- ``(1) except as provided in paragraph (2), shall apply to any management plan for a stock of fish prepared by any Council or the Secretary, including a management plan governing a stock of fish managed under an international agreement in which the United States participates; ``(2) shall not apply to a management plan for a stock of fish for a species that has a life cycle of approximately 1 year unless the Secretary has determined such stock of fish is subject to overfishing with respect to such species; and ``(3) shall not limit or otherwise affect the requirements of section 301(a)(1) or 304(e) of the Magnuson Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act.''. SEC. 605. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary the following amounts to carry out the provisions of this Act: (1) For fiscal year 2025, $698,142,000. (2) For fiscal year 2026, $714,200,000. (3) For fiscal year 2027, $730,626,000. (4) For fiscal year 2028, $747,431,000. (5) For fiscal year 2029, $764,621,000. <all>

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:15.440749

CFR

CFR-2023-title16-vol2

Commercial Practices

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Title 16 CFR ] [Code of Federal Regulations (annual edition) - January 1, 2023 Edition] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] [[Page i]] Title 16 Commercial Practices ________________________ Part 1000 to End Revised as of January 1, 2023 Containing a codification of documents of general applicability and future effect As of January 1, 2023 Published by the Office of the Federal Register National Archives and Records Administration as a Special Edition of the Federal Register [[Page ii]] U.S. GOVERNMENT OFFICIAL EDITION NOTICE Legal Status and Use of Seals and Logos The seal of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) authenticates the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) as the official codification of Federal regulations established under the Federal Register Act. Under the provisions of 44 U.S.C. 1507, the contents of the CFR, a special edition of the Federal Register, shall be judicially noticed. The CFR is prima facie evidence of the original documents published in the Federal Register (44 U.S.C. 1510). It is prohibited to use NARA's official seal and the stylized Code of Federal Regulations logo on any republication of this material without the express, written permission of the Archivist of the United States or the Archivist's designee. Any person using NARA's official seals and logos in a manner inconsistent with the provisions of 36 CFR part 1200 is subject to the penalties specified in 18 U.S.C. 506, 701, and 1017. Use of ISBN Prefix This is the Official U.S. Government edition of this publication and is herein identified to certify its authenticity. Use of the 0-16 ISBN prefix is for U.S. Government Publishing Office Official Editions only. The Superintendent of Documents of the U.S. Government Publishing Office requests that any reprinted edition clearly be labeled as a copy of the authentic work with a new ISBN. U . S . G O V E R N M E N T P U B L I S H I N G O F F I C E ------------------------------------------------------------------ U.S. Superintendent of Documents Washington, DC 20402-0001 http://bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll-free (866) 512-1800; DC area (202) 512-1800 [[Page iii]] Table of Contents Page Explanation................................................. v Title 16: Chapter II--Consumer Product Safety Commission 3 Finding Aids: Table of CFR Titles and Chapters........................ 987 Alphabetical List of Agencies Appearing in the CFR...... 1007 List of CFR Sections Affected........................... 1017 [[Page iv]] ---------------------------- Cite this Code: CFR To cite the regulations in this volume use title, part and section number. Thus, 16 CFR 1000.1 refers to title 16, part 1000, section 1. ---------------------------- [[Page v]] EXPLANATION The Code of Federal Regulations is a codification of the general and permanent rules published in the Federal Register by the Executive departments and agencies of the Federal Government. The Code is divided into 50 titles which represent broad areas subject to Federal regulation. Each title is divided into chapters which usually bear the name of the issuing agency. Each chapter is further subdivided into parts covering specific regulatory areas. 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[[Page vii]] The Federal Register Index is issued monthly in cumulative form. This index is based on a consolidation of the ``Contents'' entries in the daily Federal Register. A List of CFR Sections Affected (LSA) is published monthly, keyed to the revision dates of the 50 CFR titles. REPUBLICATION OF MATERIAL There are no restrictions on the republication of material appearing in the Code of Federal Regulations. INQUIRIES For a legal interpretation or explanation of any regulation in this volume, contact the issuing agency. The issuing agency's name appears at the top of odd-numbered pages. For inquiries concerning CFR reference assistance, call 202-741-6000 or write to the Director, Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration, 8601 Adelphi Road, College Park, MD 20740-6001 or e-mail [email protected]. SALES The Government Publishing Office (GPO) processes all sales and distribution of the CFR. For payment by credit card, call toll-free, 866-512-1800, or DC area, 202-512-1800, M-F 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. e.s.t. or fax your order to 202-512-2104, 24 hours a day. For payment by check, write to: US Government Publishing Office - New Orders, P.O. Box 979050, St. Louis, MO 63197-9000. ELECTRONIC SERVICES The full text of the Code of Federal Regulations, the LSA (List of CFR Sections Affected), The United States Government Manual, the Federal Register, Public Laws, Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States, Compilation of Presidential Documents and the Privacy Act Compilation are available in electronic format via www.govinfo.gov. For more information, contact the GPO Customer Contact Center, U.S. Government Publishing Office. Phone 202-512-1800, or 866-512-1800 (toll- free). E-mail, [email protected]. The Office of the Federal Register also offers a free service on the National Archives and Records Administration's (NARA) website for public law numbers, Federal Register finding aids, and related information. Connect to NARA's website at www.archives.gov/federal-register. The eCFR is a regularly updated, unofficial editorial compilation of CFR material and Federal Register amendments, produced by the Office of the Federal Register and the Government Publishing Office. It is available at www.ecfr.gov. Oliver A. Potts, Director, Office of the Federal Register January 1, 2023 [[Page ix]] THIS TITLE Title 16--Commercial Practices is composed of two volumes. The first volume contains parts 0-999 and comprises chapter I--Federal Trade Commission. The second volume containing part 1000 to end comprises chapter II--Consumer Product Safety Commission. The contents of these volumes represent all current regulations codified under this title of the CFR as of January 1, 2023. For this volume, Robert J. Sheehan, III was Chief Editor. The Code of Federal Regulations publication program is under the direction of John Hyrum Martinez, assisted by Stephen J. Frattini. [[Page 1]] TITLE 16--COMMERCIAL PRACTICES (This book contains part 1000 to end) -------------------------------------------------------------------- Part chapter ii--Consumer Product Safety Commission.............. 1000 [[Page 3]] CHAPTER II--CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION -------------------------------------------------------------------- Editorial Notes: 1. For documents affecting chapter II on rule review under the Regulatory Flexibility Act see 52 FR 5079, Feb. 19, 1987 and 54 FR 601, Jan. 9, 1989. 2. Nomenclature changes to chapter II appear at 69 FR 18803, Apr. 9, 2004. SUBCHAPTER A--GENERAL Part Page 1000 Commission organization and functions....... 9 1009 General statements of policy or interpretation.......................... 17 1010 [Reserved] 1011 Notice of agency activities................. 22 1012 Meetings policy--meetings between agency personnel and outside parties........... 24 1013 Government in the Sunshine Act, rules for Commission meetings..................... 28 1014 Policies and procedures implementing the Privacy Act of 1974..................... 32 1015 Procedures for disclosure or production of information under the Freedom of Information Act......................... 37 1016 Policies and procedures for information disclosure and Commission employee testimony in private litigation......... 50 1017 [Reserved] 1018 Advisory committee management............... 51 1019 Export of noncomplying, misbranded, or banned products......................... 59 1020 Small business.............................. 63 1021 Environmental review........................ 65 1025 Rules of practice for adjudicative proceedings............................. 71 1027 Salary offset............................... 107 1028 Protection of human subjects................ 110 1031 Commission participation and Commission employee involvement in voluntary standards activities.................... 128 1033 Display of control numbers for collection of information requirements under the Paperwork Reduction Act................. 137 [[Page 4]] 1034 Enforcement of nondiscrimination on the basis of handicap in programs or activities conducted by the Consumer Product Safety Commission............... 138 1051 Procedure for petitioning for rulemaking.... 143 1052 Procedural regulations for informal oral presentations in proceedings before the Consumer Product Safety Commission...... 146 1061 Applications for exemption from preemption.. 148 SUBCHAPTER B--CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY ACT REGULATIONS 1101 Information disclosure under section 6(b) of the Consumer Product Safety Act......... 153 1102 Publicly available consumer product safety information database.................... 166 1105 Contributions to costs of participants in development of consumer product safety standards............................... 176 1107 Testing and labeling pertaining to product certification........................... 178 1109 Conditions and requirements for relying on component part testing or certification, or another party's finished product testing or certification, to meet testing and certification requirements.. 184 1110 Certificates of compliance.................. 189 1112 Requirements pertaining to third party conformity assessment bodies............ 191 1115 Substantial product hazard reports.......... 212 1116 Reports submitted pursuant to section 37 of the Consumer Product Safety Act......... 232 1117 Reporting of choking incidents involving marbles, small balls, latex balloons and other small parts....................... 240 1118 Investigations, inspections and inquiries under the Consumer Product Safety Act... 243 1119 Civil penalty factors....................... 250 1120 Substantial product hazard list............. 253 1130 Requirements for consumer registration of durable infant or toddler products...... 256 1145 Regulation of products subject to other acts under the Consumer Product Safety Act... 262 1199 Children's toys and child care articles containing phthalates: guidance on inaccessible component parts............ 264 1200 Definition of children's product under the Consumer Product Safety Act............. 265 1201 Safety standard for architectural glazing materials............................... 270 1202 Safety standard for matchbooks.............. 280 1203 Safety standard for bicycle helmets......... 284 [[Page 5]] 1204 Safety standard for omnidirectional citizens band base station antennas.............. 308 1205 Safety standard for walk-behind power lawn mowers.................................. 322 1207 Safety standard for swimming pool slides.... 336 1209 Interim safety standard for cellulose insulation.............................. 351 1210 Safety standard for cigarette lighters...... 378 1211 Safety standard for automatic residential garage door operators................... 391 1212 Safety standard for multi-purpose lighters.. 435 1213 Safety standard for entrapment hazards in bunk beds............................... 451 1215 Safety standard for infant bath seats....... 461 1216 Safety standard for infant walkers.......... 462 1217 Safety standard for toddler beds............ 462 1218 Safety standard for bassinets and cradles... 463 1219 Safety standard for full-size baby cribs.... 466 1220 Safety standard for non-full-size baby cribs 467 1221 Safety standard for play yards.............. 469 1222 Safety standard for bedside sleepers........ 469 1223 Safety standard for infant swings........... 470 1224 Safety standard for portable bed rails...... 470 1225 Safety standard for hand-held infant carriers................................ 471 1226 Safety standard for soft infant and toddler carriers................................ 471 1227 Safety standard for carriages and strollers. 472 1228 Safety standard for sling carriers.......... 472 1229 Safety standard for infant bouncer seats.... 473 1230 Safety standard for frame child carriers.... 473 1231 Safety standard for high chairs............. 474 1232 Safety standard for children's folding chairs and children's folding stools.... 474 1233 Safety standard for portable hook-on chairs. 474 1234 Safety standard for infant bath tubs........ 475 1235 Safety standard for baby changing products.. 475 1236 Safety standard for infant sleep products... 476 1237 Safety standard for booster seats........... 478 1238 Safety standard for stationary activity centers................................. 478 1239 Safety standard for gates and enclosures.... 479 1241 Safety standard for crib mattresses......... 479 1250 Safety standard mandating ASTM F963 for toys 492 1251 Toys: Determinations regarding heavy elements limits for certain materials... 492 1252 Children's products, children's toys, and child care articles: Determinations regarding lead, ASTM F963 elements, and phthalates for engineered wood products. 493 [[Page 6]] 1253 Children's toys and child care articles: Determinations regarding the ASTM F963 elements and phthalates for unfinished manufactured fibers..................... 495 1260 Safety standard for operating cords on custom window coverings (Eff. 5-30-23).. 496 1261 Safety standard for clothing storage units (Eff. 5-24-23).......................... 505 1262 Safety standard for magnets................. 525 1301 Ban of unstable refuse bins................. 531 1302 Ban of extremely flammable contact adhesives 535 1303 Ban of lead-containing paint and certain consumer products bearing lead- containing paint........................ 539 1304 Ban of consumer patching compounds containing respirable free-form asbestos 544 1305 Ban of artificial emberizing materials (ash and embers) containing respirable free- form asbestos........................... 547 1306 Ban of hazardous lawn darts................. 549 1307 Prohibition of children's toys and child care articles containing specified phthalates.............................. 551 1308 Prohibition of children's toys and child care articles containing specified phthalates: determinations regarding certain plastics........................ 551 1401 Self pressurized consumer products containing chlorofluorocarbons: Requirements to provide the Commission with performance and technical data; requirements to notify consumers at point of purchase of performance and technical data.......................... 553 1402 CB base station antennas, TV antennas, and supporting structures................... 554 1404 Cellulose insulation........................ 558 1406 Coal and wood burning appliances-- notification of performance and technical data.......................... 560 1407 Portable generators: Requirements to provide performance and technical data by labeling................................ 568 1420 Requirements for all terrain vehicles....... 571 1450 Virginia Graeme Baker Pool and Spa Safety Act regulations......................... 572 1460 Children's Gasoline Burn Prevention Act regulation.............................. 573 SUBCHAPTER C--FEDERAL HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES ACT REGULATIONS 1500 Hazardous substances and articles: Administration and enforcement regulations............................. 574 [[Page 7]] 1501 Method for identifying toys and other articles intended for use by children under 3 years of age which present choking, aspiration, or ingestion hazards because of small parts.......... 686 1502 Procedures for formal evidentiary public hearing................................. 689 1505 Requirements for electrically operated toys or other electrically operated articles intended for use by children............ 705 1507 Fireworks devices........................... 720 1510 Requirements for rattles.................... 725 1511 Requirements for pacifiers.................. 726 1512 Requirements for bicycles................... 730 1513 Requirements for bunk beds.................. 751 SUBCHAPTER D--FLAMMABLE FABRICS ACT REGULATIONS 1602 Statements of policy or interpretation...... 762 1605 Investigations, inspections and inquiries pursuant to the Flammable Fabrics Act... 762 1608 General rules and regulations under the Flammable Fabrics Act................... 770 1609 Text of the Flammable Fabrics Act of 1953, as amended in 1954, prior to 1967 amendment and revision.................. 773 1610 Standard for the flammability of clothing textiles................................ 776 1611 Standard for the flammability of vinyl plastic film............................ 806 1615 Standard for the flammability of children's sleepwear: Sizes 0 through 6X (FF 3-71). 816 1616 Standard for the flammability of children's sleepwear: Sizes 7 through 14 (FF 5-74). 847 1630 Standard for the surface flammability of carpets and rugs (FF 1-70).............. 881 1631 Standard for the surface flammability of small carpets and rugs (FF 2-70)........ 890 1632 Standard for the flammability of mattresses and mattress pads (FF 4-72, amended).... 900 1633 Standard for the flammability (open flame) of mattress sets........................ 919 1640 Standard for the flammability of upholstered furniture............................... 953 SUBCHAPTER E--POISON PREVENTION PACKAGING ACT OF 1970 REGULATIONS 1700 Poison prevention packaging................. 956 1701 Statements of policy and interpretation..... 973 [[Page 8]] 1702 Petitions for exemptions from Poison Prevention Packaging Act requirements; petition procedures and requirements.... 974 SUBCHAPTER F--REFRIGERATOR SAFETY ACT REGULATIONS 1750 Standard for devices to permit the opening of household refrigerator doors from the inside.................................. 981 1751-1799 [Reserved] [[Page 9]] SUBCHAPTER A_GENERAL PART 1000_COMMISSION ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS--Table of Contents Sec. 1000.1 The Commission. 1000.2 Laws administered. 1000.3 Hotline. 1000.4 Commission address. 1000.5 Petitions. 1000.6 Commission decisions and records. 1000.7 Advisory opinions and interpretations of regulations. 1000.8 Meetings and hearings; public notice. 1000.9 Quorum. 1000.10 The Chairman and Vice Chairman. 1000.11 Delegation of functions. 1000.12 Organizational structure. 1000.13 Directives System. 1000.14 Office of the General Counsel. 1000.15 Office of Congressional Relations. 1000.16 Office of the Inspector General. 1000.17 Office of Equal Employment Opportunity and Minority Enterprise. 1000.18 Office of Executive Director. 1000.19 Office of Financial Management, Planning and Evaluation. 1000.20 Office of Information and Public Affairs. 1000.21 Office of Compliance and Field Operations. 1000.22 Office of Human Resources Management. 1000.23 Office of Information and Technology Services. 1000.24 Office of International Programs and Intergovernmental Affairs. 1000.25 Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction. 1000.26 Directorate for Epidemiology. 1000.27 Directorate for Health Sciences. 1000.28 Directorate for Economic Analysis. 1000.29 Directorate for Engineering Sciences. 1000.30 Directorate for Laboratory Sciences. Authority: 5 U.S.C. 552(a). Source: 71 FR 5165, Feb. 1, 2006, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1000.1 The Commission. (a) The Consumer Product Safety Commission is an independent regulatory agency formed on May 14, 1973, under the provisions of the Consumer Product Safety Act (Pub. L. 92-573, 86 Stat. 1207, as amended (15 U.S.C. 2051, et seq.)). The purposes of the Commission under the CPSA are: (1) To protect the public against unreasonable risks of injury associated with consumer products; (2) To assist consumers in evaluating the comparative safety of consumer products; (3) To develop uniform safety standards for consumer products and to minimize conflicting State and local regulations; and (4) To promote research and investigation into the causes and prevention of product-related deaths, illnesses, and injuries. (b) The Commission is authorized to consist of five members appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, for terms of seven years. However, the Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations Act, 1993, Public Law 102-389, limited funding to that for three Commissioners for fiscal year 1993 and thereafter. Sec. 1000.2 Laws administered. The Commission administers five acts: (a) The Consumer Product Safety Act (Pub. L. 92-573, 86 Stat. 1207, as amended (15 U.S.C. 2051, et seq.)). (b) The Flammable Fabrics Act (Pub. L. 90-189, 67 Stat. 111, as amended (15 U.S.C. 1191, et seq.)). (c) The Federal Hazardous Substances Act (Pub. L. 86-613, 74 Stat. 380, as amended (15 U.S.C. 1261, et seq.)). (d) The Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 (Pub. L. 91-601, 84 Stat. 1670, as amended (15 U.S.C. 1471, et seq.)). (e) The Refrigerator Safety Act of 1956 (Pub. L. 84-930, 70 Stat. 953, (15 U.S.C. 1211, et seq.)). Sec. 1000.3 Hotline. (a) The Commission operates a toll-free telephone Hotline by which the public can communicate with the Commission. The number for use in all 50 states is 1-800-638-CPSC (1-800-638-2772). (b) The Commission also operates a toll-free Hotline by which hearing or speech-impaired persons can communicate with the Commission by teletypewriter. The teletypewriter number for use in all states is 1- 800-638-8270. [[Page 10]] (c) The Commission also makes available to the public product recall information, its public calendar, and other information through its worldwide Web site at http://www.cpsc.gov. The public may also report product hazards or other information to the Commission at its e-mail address: [email protected]. Sec. 1000.4 Commission address. The principal Offices of the Commission are at 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, Maryland 20814. All written communications with the Commission, including those sent by U.S. Postal Service, private express and messenger should be addressed to the Consumer Product Safety Commission at that address, unless otherwise specifically directed. Sec. 1000.5 Petitions. Any interested person may petition the Commission to issue, amend, or revoke a rule or regulation by submitting a written request to the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, Maryland 20814. Petitions must comply with the Commission's procedure for petitioning for rulemaking at 16 CFR part 1051. Sec. 1000.6 Commission decisions and records. (a) Each decision of the Commission, acting in an official capacity as a collegial body, is recorded in Minutes of Commission meetings or as a separate Record of Commission Action. Copies of Minutes or of a Record of Commission Action may be obtained by e-mail ([email protected]) or written request to the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, or may be examined at Commission headquarters. Requests should identify the subject matter of the Commission action and the approximate date of the Commission action, if known. (b) Other records in the custody of the Commission may be requested by e-mail ([email protected]) or in writing from the Office of the Secretary pursuant to the Commission's Procedures for Disclosure or Production of Information under the Freedom of Information Act (16 CFR part 1015). Sec. 1000.7 Advisory opinions and interpretations of regulations. (a) Advisory opinions. Upon written request, the General Counsel provides written advisory opinions interpreting the acts and administrative regulations (e.g., Freedom of Information Act regulations) the Commission administers, provided the request contains sufficient specific factual information upon which to base an opinion. Advisory opinions represent the legal opinions of the General Counsel and may be changed or superseded by the Commission. Requests for advisory opinions should be sent to the General Counsel, Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, Maryland 20814. Previously issued advisory opinions are available on the CPSC Web site at http://www.cpsc.gov/library/foia/advisory/advisory.html. A copy of a particular previously issued advisory opinion or a copy of an index of such opinions may also be obtained by written request to the Office of the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, Maryland 20814. (b) Interpretations of regulations. Upon written request, the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance will issue written interpretations of Commission regulations pertaining to the safety standards and the enforcement of those standards, provided the request contains sufficient specific factual information upon which to base an interpretation. Interpretations of regulations represent the interpretations of the staff and may be changed or superseded by the Commission. Requests for such interpretations should be sent to the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance, Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, Maryland 20814. Sec. 1000.8 Meetings and hearings; public notice. (a) The Commission may meet and exercise all its powers in any place. (b) Meetings of the Commission are held as ordered by the Commission and, unless otherwise ordered, are held at the principal office of the Commission [[Page 11]] at 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, Maryland. Meetings of the Commission for the purpose of jointly conducting the formal business of the agency, including the rendering of official decisions, are generally announced in advance and open to the public, as provided by the Government in the Sunshine Act (5 U.S.C. 552b) and the Commission's Meetings Policy (16 CFR part 1012). (c) The Commission may conduct any hearing or other inquiry necessary or appropriate to its functions anywhere in the United States. It will publish a notice of any proposed hearing in the Federal Register and will afford a reasonable opportunity for interested persons to present relevant testimony and data. (d) Notices of Commission meetings, Commission hearings, and other Commission activities are published in a Public Calendar, as provided in the Commission's Meetings Policy (16 CFR part 1012). The Public Calendar is available on the Commission Web site at http://www.cpsc.gov. Sec. 1000.9 Quorum. Three members of the Commission constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. If there are only three members serving on the Commission, two members constitute a quorum. If there are only two members serving on the Commission because of vacancies, two members constitute a quorum, but only for six months from the time the number of members was reduced to two. Note: The Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations Act, 1993, Pub. L. 102-389, limited funding to that for three Commissioners for fiscal year 1993 and thereafter. Sec. 1000.10 The Chairman and Vice Chairman. (a) The Chairman is the principal executive officer of the Commission and, subject to the general policies of the Commission and to such regulatory decisions, findings, and determinations as the Commission is by law authorized to make, he or she exercises all of the executive and administrative functions of the Commission. (b) The Commission shall annually elect a Vice Chairman for a term beginning on June 1. The Vice Chairman shall serve until the election of his or her successor. The Vice Chairman acts in the absence or disability of the Chairman or in case of a vacancy in the Office of the Chairman. Sec. 1000.11 Delegation of functions. Section 27(b)(9) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2076(b)(9)) authorizes the Commission to delegate any of its functions and powers, other than the power to issue subpoenas, to any officer or employee of the Commission. Delegations are documented in the Commission's Directives System. Sec. 1000.12 Organizational structure. The Consumer Product Safety Commission is composed of the principal units listed in this section. (a) The following units report directly to the Chairman of the Commission: (1) Office of the General Counsel; (2) Office of Congressional Relations; (3) Office of the Inspector General; (4) Office of Equal Employment Opportunity and Minority Enterprise; (5) Office of the Executive Director. (b) The following units report directly to the Executive Director of the Commission: (1) Office of Financial Management, Planning and Evaluation; (2) Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction; (3) Office of Information and Public Affairs; (4) Office of Compliance and Field Operations; (5) Office of Human Resources Management; (6) Office of Information and Technology Services; (7) Office of International Programs and Intergovernmental Affairs. (c) The following units report directly to the Assistant Executive Director for Hazard Identification and Reduction: (1) Directorate for Economic Analysis; (2) Directorate for Epidemiology; (3) Directorate for Health Sciences; [[Page 12]] (4) Directorate for Engineering Sciences; (5) Directorate for Laboratory Sciences. Sec. 1000.13 Directives System. The Commission maintains a Directives System which contains delegations of authority and descriptions of Commission programs, policies, and procedures. A complete set of directives is available for inspection in the public reading room at Commission headquarters. Sec. 1000.14 Office of the General Counsel. The Office of the General Counsel provides advice and counsel to the Commissioners and organizational components of the Commission on matters of law arising from operations of the Commission. It prepares the legal analysis of Commission legislative proposals and comments on relevant legislative proposals originating elsewhere. The Office, in conjunction with the Department of Justice, is responsible for the conduct of all Federal court litigation to which the Commission is a party. The Office also advises the Commission on administrative litigation matters. The Office provides final legal review of and makes recommendations to the Commission on proposed product safety standards, rules, regulations, petition actions, and substantial hazard actions. It also provides legal review of certain procurement, personnel, and administrative actions and drafts documents for publication in the Federal Register. Sec. 1000.15 Office of Congressional Relations. The Office of Congressional Relations is the principal contact with the committees and members of Congress and state legislative bodies. It performs liaison duties for the Commission, provides information and assistance to Congress on matters of Commission policy, and coordinates testimony and appearances by Commissioners and agency personnel before Congress. Sec. 1000.16 Office of the Inspector General. The Office of the Inspector General is an independent office established under the provisions of the Inspector General Act of 1978, 5 U.S.C. appendix, as amended. This Office independently initiates, conducts, supervises, and coordinates audits, operations reviews, and investigations of Commission programs, activities, and operations. The Office also makes recommendations to promote economy, efficiency, and effectiveness within the Commission's programs and operations. The Office receives and investigates complaints or information concerning possible violations of law, rules, or regulations, mismanagement, abuse of authority, and waste of funds. It reviews existing and proposed legislation concerning the economy, efficiency, and effectiveness of such legislation on Commission operations. Sec. 1000.17 Office of Equal Employment Opportunity and Minority Enterprise. The Office of Equal Employment Opportunity and Minority Enterprise is responsible for assuring compliance with all laws and regulations relating to equal employment opportunity. The Office provides advice and assistance to the Chairman and Commission staff on all EEO related issues including the agency Small and Disadvantaged Business Utilization Program. The Office develops agency EEO program policies. The Office manages the discrimination complaint process, including the adjudication of discrimination complaints, and facilitates Affirmative Employment Program (AEP) planning for women, minorities, individuals with disabilities and disabled veterans. The Office plans and executes special emphasis programs and special programs with minority colleges, and EEO, diversity, prevention of sexual harassment and related training. The Office identifies trends, personnel policies and practices that have an impact on EEO and makes recommendations to the Chairman on the effectiveness and efficiency of EEO programs and methods to enhance equal opportunity. [[Page 13]] Sec. 1000.18 Office of Executive Director. The Executive Director with the assistance of the Deputy Executive Director, under the broad direction of the Chairman and in accordance with Commission policy, acts as the chief operating manager of the agency, supporting the development of the agency's budget and operating plan before and after Commission approval, and managing the execution of those plans. The Executive Director has direct line authority over the following directorates and offices: the Office of Financial Management, Planning and Evaluation, the Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction, the Office of Information and Public Affairs, the Office of Compliance and Field Operations, the Office of Human Resources Management, the Office of Information and Technology Services, and the Office of International Programs and Intergovernmental Affairs. Sec. 1000.19 Office of Financial Management, Planning and Evaluation. The Office of Financial Management, Planning and Evaluation is responsible for developing the Commission's funds control system, long- range strategic plans, annual performance budgets and operating plans; analysis of major policy and operational issues; performing evaluations and management studies of Commission programs and activities; ensuring that Commission resources are procured and expended as planned and according to purchasing regulations; the review, control, and payment of Commission financial obligations; and, reporting on the use and performance of Commission resources. The Office recommends actions to the Executive Director to enhance the effectiveness of Commission programs and the management of budget, planning and evaluation, financial, and procurement activities. The Office serves as the staff support to the Commission Chief Financial Officer. Sec. 1000.20 Office of Information and Public Affairs. The Office of Information and Public Affairs, which is managed by the Director of the Office, is responsible for the development, implementation, and evaluation of a comprehensive national information and public affairs program designed to promote product safety. This includes responsibility for developing and maintaining relations with a wide range of national groups such as consumer organizations; business groups; trade associations; state and local government entities; labor organizations; medical, legal, scientific and other professional associations; and other Federal health, safety and consumer agencies. The Office also is responsible for implementing the Commission's media relations program nationwide. The Office serves as the Commission's spokesperson to the national print and broadcast media, develops and disseminates the Commission's news releases, and organizes Commission news conferences. Sec. 1000.21 Office of Compliance and Field Operations. The Office of Compliance and Field Operations conducts compliance and administrative enforcement activities under all administered acts, provides advice and guidance on complying with all administered acts and reviews proposed standards and rules with respect to their enforceability. The Office's responsibilities also include identifying and addressing safety hazards in consumer products already in distribution, promoting industry compliance with existing safety rules, and conducting administrative litigation. It conducts field enforcement efforts, including providing program guidance, advice, and case guidance to field staff. It enforces the Consumer Product Safety Act reporting requirements. It reviews consumer complaints, conducts inspections and in-depth investigations, and analyzes available data to identify those consumer products containing defects posing a substantial risk of injury or which do not comply with existing safety requirements. The Office negotiates and monitors corrective action plans for products that are defective or fail to comply with specific regulations. It gathers information on product hazards that may be addressed through rulemaking or voluntary standards. The Office develops surveillance strategies and programs designed to assure compliance with Commission standards and regulations. The Office [[Page 14]] of Compliance and Field Operations also assists the Office of Information and Public Affairs in implementing consumer information activities nationwide, including wide-ranging public information and education programs designed to reduce consumer product injuries and deaths, and maintaining liaison with, and providing support to, other components of the Commission and appropriate State and local government offices. Sec. 1000.22 Office of Human Resources Management. The Office of Human Resources Management, which is managed by the Director of the Office, provides human resources management support to the Commission in the areas of recruitment and placement, position classification, training and executive development, employee and labor relations, employee benefits and retirement assistance, employee assistance programs, drug testing, leave administration, disciplinary and adverse actions, grievances and appeals, and performance management. Sec. 1000.23 Office of Information and Technology Services. The Office of Information and Technology Services houses the Commission's Secretariat, which facilitates the preparation of the Commission's agenda; coordinates Commission business at official meetings; maintains the dockets and other materials for the Commission's public and non-public administrative and adjudicative meetings and hearings; prepares and publishes the Public Calendar; maintains the Commission's Injury Information Clearinghouse; issues Commission Orders; provides legal notice of Commission decisions through publication in the Federal Register; processes all filings that the Commission receives in paper, electronic and alternative media formats; exercises joint responsibility with the Office of the General Counsel for interpretation and application of the Privacy Act, Freedom of Information Act, and the Government in the Sunshine Act; prepares reports required by these acts; and maintains and manages all official Commission records including those pertaining to continuing guarantees of compliance with applicable standards of flammability under the Flammable Fabrics Act filed with the Commission. The Secretary is the agency's Chief Freedom of Information Act Officer. The Office of Information and Technology Services is also responsible for the general policy and planning issues related to the dissemination of information by the Commission including, but not limited to, OMB Circular A-130, the Federal Information Security Management Act, the Government Paperwork Elimination Act, Section 508 of the Americans with Disabilities Act, and the E-Government Act under the President's Management Agenda; the design, implementation and support of the Commission's information technology system needs; maintaining and/or providing access to administrative applications for the Commission's business processes such as payroll, accounting, personnel, budget, information management and work tracking; administration of the network, telephone systems, and Help Desk. The Office of Information and Technology Services also is responsible for providing the Commission with printing, mail, and copy services, library services, logistical, real and personal property management services; and addressing safety and ergonomic issues in the work place. Sec. 1000.24 Office of International Programs and Intergovernmental Affairs. The Office of International Programs and Intergovernmental Affairs provides a comprehensive and coordinated effort in consumer product safety standards development and implementation at the international, Federal, State and local level. The office conducts activities and creates strategies aimed at ensuring greater import compliance with recognized American safety standards and exportation of CPSC regulatory policies, technologies and methodologies into other jurisdictions. The office also works to harmonize the use of standards worldwide. [[Page 15]] Sec. 1000.25 Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction. The Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction, under the direction of the Assistant Executive Director for Hazard Identification and Reduction, is responsible for managing the Commission's Hazard Identification and Analysis Program and its Hazard Assessment and Reduction Program. The Office reports to the Executive Director, and has line authority over the Directorates for Epidemiology and Health Sciences, Economic Analysis, Engineering Sciences, and Laboratory Sciences. The Office develops strategies for and implements the agency's operating plans for these two hazard programs. This includes the collection and analysis of data to identify hazards and hazard patterns, the implementation of the Commission's safety standards development projects, the coordination of voluntary standards activities, and providing overall direction and evaluation of projects involving hazard analysis, data collection, emerging hazards, mandatory and voluntary standards, petitions, and labeling rules. The Office assures that relevant technical, environmental, economic, and social impacts of projects are comprehensively and objectively presented to the Commission for decision. Sec. 1000.26 Directorate for Epidemiology. The Directorate for Epidemiology, managed by the Associate Executive Director for Epidemiology, is responsible for the collection and analysis of data on injuries and deaths associated with consumer products. The Directorate has two divisions: the Data Systems Division and the Hazard Analysis Division. The Data Systems Division operates the national data collection systems which provide the data that serve as the basis for the Commission's estimates of the numbers of deaths and injuries associated with consumer products. These data systems include the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System, a nationally representative sample of hospital emergency departments; a death certificate file, which contains data obtained from death certificates on deaths associated with consumer products; and the Injury and Potential Injury Incident file, which contains information on, among other things, incidents associated with consumer products, based on news clips, medical examiner reports, hotline reports, Internet complaints, and referrals. The Hazard Analysis Division conducts statistical analysis of these data and conducts epidemiologic studies to estimate the numbers of injuries and deaths associated with various consumer products and to examine factors associated with these injuries and deaths. In addition, staff in the Hazard Analysis Division design special studies, design and analyze data from experiments for testing of consumer products, and provide statistical expertise and advice to Commission staff in support of regulation development. Sec. 1000.27 Directorate for Health Sciences. The Directorate for Health Sciences is managed by the Associate Executive Director for Health Sciences and is responsible for reviewing and evaluating the human health effects and hazards related to consumer products and assessing exposure, uptake and metabolism, including information on population segments at risk. Directorate staff conducts health studies and research in the field of consumer product-related injuries. The Directorate performs risk assessments for chemical, physiological and physical hazards based on methods such as medical injury modeling, and on injury and incident data for mechanical, thermal, chemical and electrical hazards in consumer products. It provides the Commission's primary source of scientific expertise for implementation of the Poison Prevention Packaging Act and the Federal Hazardous Substances Act. The Directorate assists in the development and evaluation of product safety standards and test methods based on scientific and public health principles. It provides support to the Commission's regulatory development and enforcement activities. It manages hazard identification and analysis, and hazard assessment and reduction projects as assigned. The Directorate provides liaison with the National Toxicology Program, the Department [[Page 16]] of Health and Human Services (including the Food and Drug Administration, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health), the Occupational Health and Safety Administration, the Environmental Protection Agency, other Federal agencies and programs, and other organizations concerned with reducing the risk to consumers from exposure to consumer product hazards. Sec. 1000.28 Directorate for Economic Analysis. The Directorate for Economic Analysis, which is managed by the Associate Executive Director for Economic Analysis, is responsible for providing the Commission with advice and information on economic and environmental matters and on the economic, social and environmental effects of Commission actions. It analyzes the potential effects of CPSC actions on consumers and on industries, including effects on competitive structure and commercial practices. The Directorate acquires, compiles, and maintains economic data on movements and trends in the general economy and on the production, distribution, and sales of consumer products and their components to assist in the analysis of CPSC priorities, policies, actions, and rules. It plans and carries out economic surveys of consumers and industries. It studies the costs of accidents and injuries. It evaluates the economic, societal, and environmental impact of product safety rules and standards. It performs regulatory analyses and studies of costs and benefits of CPSC actions as required by the Consumer Product Safety Act, The National Environmental Policy Act, the Regulatory Flexibility Act and other Acts, and by policies established by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. The Directorate manages hazard assessment and reduction projects as assigned. Sec. 1000.29 Directorate for Engineering Sciences. The Directorate for Engineering Sciences, which is managed by the Associate Executive Director for Engineering Sciences, is responsible for developing technical policy for and implementing the Commission's engineering programs. The Directorate manages hazard assessment and reduction projects as assigned by the Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction; provides engineering technical support and product safety assessments for the Office of Compliance and Field Operations; provides engineering, scientific, and technical expertise to the Commission and Commission staff as requested; and provides engineering technical support to other Commission organizations, activities, and programs as needed. The Directorate develops and evaluates product safety standards, product safety tests and test methods, performance criteria, design specifications, and quality control standards for consumer products, based on engineering and scientific methods. It conducts engineering analysis and testing of the safety of consumer products, and evaluates and participates in the development of mandatory and voluntary standards for consumer products including engineering and human factors analyses in support of standards development and product compliance testing. The Directorate performs or monitors research for consumer products in a broad array of engineering disciplines including chemical, electrical, fire protection, human factors, and mechanical engineering. It conducts and coordinates engineering research, testing, and evaluation activities with other Federal agencies, private industry, and consumer interest groups. The Directorate conducts human factors studies and research of consumer product related injuries, including evaluations of labels, signs and symbols, instructions, and other measures intended to address the human component of injury prevention. The Directorate provides technical supervision and direction of engineering activities including tests and analyses conducted in the field. Sec. 1000.30 Directorate for Laboratory Sciences. The Directorate for Laboratory Sciences, which is managed by the Associate Executive Director for Laboratory Sciences, is responsible for conducting engineering analyses and testing of consumer products, supporting [[Page 17]] the development of voluntary and mandatory standards, and supporting the Agency's compliance activities through product safety assessments. A wide variety of products are tested and evaluated to determine the causes of failure and the hazards presented. Product safety tests involve mechanical, electrical, and combustion engineering, as well as thermal and chemical analyses. Test protocols are developed, test fixtures and setups are designed and fabricated, and tests are conducted following the requirements and guidance of voluntary and mandatory standards and/or using sound engineering and scientific judgment. The Laboratory participates with and supports other agency directorates on multi-disciplinary teams in the development of voluntary and mandatory standards. The Laboratory coordinates and cooperates with other Federal agencies, private industry, and consumer interest groups by sharing engineering and scientific research, test, and evaluation expertise. Additionally, Corrective Action Plans, proposed by manufacturers to correct a product defect, are tested and evaluated to assure that the proposed changes adequately resolve the problem. Regulated products, such as children's products, sleepwear, and bicycle helmets, are routinely tested and evaluated for compliance with the Consumer Product Safety Act, the Federal Hazardous Substances Act, the Flammable Fabrics Act, and the Poison Prevention Packaging Act. The Directorate is composed of the Mechanical Engineering Division, the Electrical Engineering Division (which includes flammable fabrics), and the Chemical Division. Overall, the directorate provides engineering, scientific, and other technical expertise to all entities within the Consumer Product Safety Commission. PART 1009_GENERAL STATEMENTS OF POLICY OR INTERPRETATION--Table of Contents Sec. 1009.3 Policy on imported products, importers, and foreign manufacturers. 1009.8 Policy on establishing priorities for Commission action. 1009.9 Policy regarding the granting of emergency exemptions from Commission regulations. Sec. 1009.3 Policy on imported products, importers, and foreign manufacturers. (a) This policy states the Commission's views as to imported products subject to the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2051) and the other Acts the Commission administers: The Federal Hazardous Substances Act (15 U.S.C. 1261), the Flammable Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C. 1191), the Poison Prevention Packaging Act (15 U.S.C. 1471), and the Refrigerator Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 1211). Basically, the Policy states that in order to fully protect the American consumer from hazardous consumer products the Commission will seek to ensure that importers and foreign manufacturers, as well as domestic manufacturers, distributors, and retailers, carry out their obligations and responsibilities under the five Acts. The Commission will also seek to establish, to the maximum extent possible, uniform import procedures for products subject to the Acts the Commission administers. (b) The Consumer Product Safety Act recognizes the critical position of importers in protecting American consumers from unreasonably hazardous products made abroad and accordingly, under that Act, importers are made subject to the same responsibilities as domestic manufacturers. This is explicitly stated in the definition of ``manufacturer'' as any person who manufacturers or imports a consumer product (Section 3(a)(4); 15 U.S.C. 2052(a)(4)). (c) The Federal Hazardous Substances Act (15 U.S.C. 1261 et seq.), the Flammable Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C. 1191 et seq.), the Poison Prevention Packaging Act (15 U.S.C. 1471 et seq.), which were transferred to the jurisdiction of the Consumer Product Safety Commission under its enabling act, all assign responsibilities to importers comparable to those of manufacturers and distributors. (d) Historically, foreign-made products entering the United States were ``cleared'' by those agencies with particular jurisdiction over them. Products so cleared were limited in number relative to total imports. The Consumer Product Safety Commission has jurisdiction over a far larger number of products entering the United States [[Page 18]] through over 300 ports of entry. In addition, the total number of imports has dramatically increased over the years and modern technology has brought air transport and containerized freight for rapid handling and distribution of consumer and other products. For the Commission to effectively ``clear'' such products through ports of entry could seriously impede and delay the transport of consumer products and impose additional costs to both the consumer and the importer. (e) The Consumer Product Safety Act provides alternative means to both assure the consumer safe products and facilitate the free movement of consumer products in commerce. For example, it requires certification by manufacturers (foreign and domestic), importers and private labelers of products that are subject to a consumer product safety standard. Such certification must be based on a test of each product or upon a reasonable testing program. The other acts enforced by the Commission do not specifically require certificates; however, both the Flammable Fabrics Act and the Federal Hazardous Substances Act encourage guarantees of compliance by protecting from criminal prosecution persons who have in good faith received such guarantees (15 U.S.C. 1197(a); 16 CFR 302.11; 15 U.S.C. 1264(b)). (f) In the interest of giving the American consumer the full measure of protection from hazardous products anticipated by the Congress, it is the Commission's policy to assure that importers and foreign manufacturers carry out their responsibilities under all laws administered by this Commission. Specifically: (1) Importers have responsibilities and obligations comparable to those of domestic manufacturers. Rules and regulations promulgated by the Commission will reflect these responsibilities and obligations. (2) In promulgating its rules and regulations, the Commission encourages the participation and comments of the import community, including importers and foreign manufacturers. (3) All imported products under the jurisdiction of the Consumer Product Safety Commission shall, to the maximum extent possible, be subject to uniform import procedures. The Commission recognizes the need to establish and implement procedures that minimize delay and expense involved in inspecting cargo at a port of entry. The Commission encourages cooperation between importers, foreign manufacturers and foreign governments, which increases the safety of the consumer and facilitates the free movement of goods between countries. (4) When enforcement actions are appropriate, they will be directed toward the responsible officials of any import organization and will not be restricted to action solely against the product. (5) Legal actions sought by the Commission will usually be primarily directed toward the owner or consignee of imported goods rather than against the customs broker even though his or her name may appear as the importer of record. However, the Commissioner believes it will not serve the public interest to impede the Commission's rights of investigation and enforcement by exempting a customs broker from the coverage of the law merely because of his or her title or usual form of business. It may be relevant that a customs broker, who does not have an ownership interest in the goods but who is acting as an agent for the actual owner or consignee, signs the entry documents as importer of record. What effect and possible need for inclusion this will have in a particular case can be judged by the Commission on a case-by-case basis. (6) Commission procedures on imports shall be developed in the context of the overall responsibilities, authorities, priorities, resources, and compliance philosophy of this Commission. Any existing procedures which have been inherited from predecessor agencies will be reviewed and revised, if necessary, to be consistent with the authority and philosophy of this Commission. (g) The Commission recognizes that the importer may not be the only person to be held responsible for protecting American Consumers from unreasonably hazardous products made abroad, but the importer is, at least, in a strategic position to guarantee the safety of imported products. [[Page 19]] (h) Whenever, in the application of this policy, it appears that barriers to free trade may arise, the Commission may consider exceptions to this policy insofar as it can be done without compromising the Commission's responsibilities to assure safe products to the consumer. (i) Whenever, in the application of this policy, it appears that administrative or procedural aspects of the Commission's regulations are unduly burdening the free flow of goods, the Commission may consider modifications which alleviate such burdens. However, the Commission cannot consider any modifications which do not assure the consumer the same protection from unsafe foreign goods as from unsafe domestic goods. (Sec. 9, 15 U.S.C. 1198, 67 Stat. 114; Sec. 14, 15 U.S.C. 1273, 74 Stat. 379; 80 Stat. 1304, 1305; Sec. 17, 15 U.S.C. 2066, 86 Stat. 1223) [40 FR 47486, Oct. 9, 1975, as amended at 41 FR 47915, Nov. 1, 1976] Sec. 1009.8 Policy on establishing priorities for Commission action. (a) This document states the Consumer Product Safety Commission's policy on establishing priorities for action under the five acts the Commission administers. The policy is issued pursuant to sections 4(f)(2) and 4(f)(3) of the Consumer Product Safety Act, as amended, and in further implementation of the Commission's statement of policy dated September 21, 1973. (b) It is the general policy of the Commission that priorities for Commission action will be established by a majority vote of its members. The policy will be reflected by votes on all requests for appropriations, an annual operating plan, and any revisions thereof. Recognizing that these documents are the result of a lengthy planning process, during which many decisions are made that substantially determine the content of the final documents, the Chairman shall continually keep the Commission apprised of, and seek its guidance concerning, significant problems, policy questions and alternative solutions throughout the planning cycle leading to the development of budget requests and operating plans. (1) Requests for appropriations. Requests for appropriations are submitted concurrently to the President or the Office of Management and Budget and to the Congress pursuant to section 27(k)(1) of the Consumer Product Safety Act. (2) Annual operating plan. The operating plan shall be as specific as possible with regard to products, groups of products, or generic hazards to be addressed. It shall be submitted to the Commission for approval at least 30 days prior to the beginning of the fiscal year. (c) In establishing and revising its priorities, the Commission will endeavor to fulfill each of its purposes as set forth in section 2(b) of the Consumer Product Safety Act. In so doing, it will apply the following general criteria: (1) Frequency and severity of injuries. Two major criteria in determining priorities are the frequency and severity of injuries associated with consumer products. All available data including the NEISS hazard index and supplementary data collection systems, such as fire surveys and death certificate collection, shall be used to attempt to identify the frequency and severity of injuries. Consideration shall also be given to areas known to be undercounted by NEISS and a judgment reached as to the probable frequency and severity of injuries in such areas. The judgment as to severity shall include an evaluation of the seriousness of the injury. (2) Causality of injuries. Consideration shall then be given to the amenability of a product hazard to injury reduction through standard setting, information and education, or other Commission action. This step involves an analysis of the extent to which the product and other factors such as consumer behavior are causally related to the injury pattern. Priority shall be assigned to products according to the extent of product causality involvement and the extent of injuries that can reasonably be expected to be reduced or eliminated through commission action. (3) Chronic illness and future injuries. Certain products, although not presently associated with large numbers of [[Page 20]] frequent or severe injuries, deserve priority attention if there is reason to believe that the products will in the future be associated with many such injuries. Although not as susceptible to measurements as other product related injuries and illnesses, these risks shall be evaluated on the basis of the best information available and given priority on the basis of the predicted future illnesses and injuries and the effectiveness of Commission action in reducing or eliminating them. (4) Cost and benefit of CPSC action. Consideration shall be given on a preliminary basis to the prospective cost of Commission action to consumers and producers, and to the benefits expected to accrue to society from the resulting reduction of injuries. Consideration of product cost increases will be supplemented to the extent feasible and necessary by assessments of effects on utility or convenience of the product; product sales and shifts to substitutes; and industry supply factors, competitive structure, or employment. While all these facets of potential social ``cost'' cannot be subsumed in a single, quantitative cost measure, they will be weighed, to the extent they are available, against injury reduction benefits. The benefit estimates will be based on (i) explicitly stated expectations as to the effectiveness of regulatory options (derived from criterion (2), ``causality of injuries''); (ii) costs of injuries and deaths based on the latest injury cost data and analyses available to the Commission; (iii) explicit estimates or assumptions as to average product lives; and (iv) such other factors as may be relevant in particular cases. The Commission recognizes that in analyzing benefits as well as costs there will frequently be modifying factors--e.g., criteria (5) and (6)--or analytical uncertainties that complicate matters and militate against reliance on single numerical expressions. Hence the Commission cannot commit itself to priorities based solely on the preliminary cost/benefit comparisons that will be available at the stage of priority setting, nor to any one form of comparison such as net benefits or cost-benefit ratios. Commission costs will also be considered. The Commission has a responsibility to insure that its resources are utilized efficiently. Assuming other factors to be equal, a higher priority will be assigned to those products which can be addressed using fewer Commission resources. (5) Unforeseen nature of the risk. Other things being equal, consideration should be to the degree of consumer awareness both of the hazard and of its consequences. Priority could then be given to unforeseen and unforeseeable risks arising from the ordinary use of a product. (6) Vulnerability of the population at risk. Children, the elderly, and the handicapped are often less able to judge or escape certain dangers in a consumer product or in the home environment. Because these consumers are, therefore, more vulnerable to danger in products designed for their special use or frequently used by them, the Commission will usually place a higher priority, assuming other factors are equal, on preventing product related injury to children, the handicapped, and senior citizens. (7) Probability of exposure to hazard. The Commission may also consider several other things which can help to determine the likelihood that a consumer would be injured by a product thought to be hazardous. These are the number of units of the product that are being used by consumers, the frequency with which such use occurs, and the likelihood that in the course of typical use the consumer would be exposed to the identified risk of injury. (8) Additional criteria. Additional criteria may arise that the staff believes warrant the Commission's attention. The Commission encourages the inclusion of such criteria for its consideration in establishing priorities. The Commission recognizes that incontrovertible data related to the criteria identified in this policy statement may be difficult to locate or develop on a timely basis. Therefore, the Commission may not require extensive documentation on each and every criterion before making a decision. In addition, the Commission emphasizes that the order of listing of the criteria in this policy is not intended to indicate either the order in which they are to be considered or their relative importance. The Commission will consider [[Page 21]] all the criteria to the extent feasible in each case, and as interactively or jointly as possible. (Sec. 4, 15 U.S.C. 2053, 86 Stat. 1210; as amended by sec. 4, Pub. L. 94-284) [42 FR 53953, Oct. 4, 1977] Sec. 1009.9 Policy regarding the granting of emergency exemptions from Commission regulations. (a) This document states the Consumer Product Safety Commission's policy with respect to emergency requests for exemptions for companies which inadvertently produce products that do not conform to Commission regulations issued under the five acts the Commission administers. These acts are the Consumer Product Safety Act, the Federal Hazardous Substances Act, the Flammable Fabrics Act, the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 and the Refrigerator Safety Act. While the Commission is reluctant to grant such requests, it believes that the public should be apprised of the manner in which it rules on exemption requests and therefore is publishing the policy to provide guidance to industry and others making such requests. The publication of the policy will also serve to inform the public of the criteria that the Commission uses in ruling upon such requests. This policy is intended to cover emergency requests for exemptions and, while relevant, is not intended to limit the discretion of CPSC staff to close or not to open cases in the routine enforcement of CPSC regulations. (b) The policy governs requests for exemption from any regulation under any act the Commission administers. The policy lists criteria the Commission considers in deciding whether to grant or deny an exemption request and therefore, should provide guidance to companies on the types of information to be submitted with requests. In addition, published Commission procedures regarding petitioning for amendments to regulations may assist companies in determining what supporting data to submit with a request. (See, for example, existing Commission procedures at 16 CFR 1110, 16 CFR 1607.14, 16 CFR 1500.82 and 16 CFR 1500.201). The exemption requests themselves should be filed with the Office of the Secretary of the Commission. (c) It is the general policy of the Commission that when a particular exemption request is made and granted, all similarly situated persons are accorded the same relief as the person who requested the exemption. Therefore, when any amendment to a Commission regulation is proposed or a statement of enforcement policy is issued, the document to the extent practicable will be phrased in objective terms so that all similarly situated persons will be able to determine whether their products would fall within the relief. (d) In deciding whether to grant or deny an exemption request, the Commission considers the following general criteria: (1) The degree to which the exemption if granted would expose consumers to an increased risk of injury: The Commission does not believe it should exempt products which would present a significantly greater risk to consumers than complying products. Therefore, the Commission will not grant exemption requests in such cases. (2) The cost to the Commission of granting emergency requests: Granting emergency exemption requests will in most cases require drafting a proposed and a final amendment or a statement of enforcement policy for publication in the Federal Register. Such action may also require the Commission to monitor the sale or distribution of the products. These activities consume scarce Commission resources. In some instances, the costs to the Commission may exceed the benefit to be derived by a company and similarly situated companies. If so, the Commission may deny the request on this ground. (3) The precedential effect of exempting some products: The Commission recognizes that decisions to exempt some products set precedents in at least two ways. First, they indicate to companies that the CPSC will permit deviations to a given regulation. Second, they indicate to companies that the CPSC will permit deviations to regulations in general. Both precedents, if set carelessly by the CPSC, could result in many requests for exemption and could [[Page 22]] undermine the stability and integrity of the Commission's regulations. (e) In deciding whether to grant or deny an exemption request, the Commission also considers the following factors which relate specifically to the company making the request: (If the request is granted, all similarly situated companies, however, will be accorded the same relief). (1) The nature of the emergency exemption request: The Commission will not reward bad quality control or faulty design work by permitting companies to market their mistakes. Although it is difficult to detail specific instances, the Commission is sympathetic to companies that produced noncomplying products due to factors beyond their immediate control or despite their best efforts. (2) The economic loss which a company will suffer if its emergency request is denied: The greater the loss a company may suffer the more likely the Commission will favorably consider an exemption. However, the Commission does not believe economic loss alone should be determinative of an emergency exemption request. (3) The fairness to competitors: The Commission is reluctant to grant relief if it could place the company at an unfair competitive advantage over other companies which have successfully complied with the same regulation. Therefore, the Commission will afford the same relief to similarly situated companies, and will decline to grant a request where unfair competitive advantage may result. (15 U.S.C. 1191, 1261, 1471, 2051, 2111) [44 FR 40639, July 12, 1979] PART 1010 [RESERVED] PART 1011_NOTICE OF AGENCY ACTIVITIES--Table of Contents Sec. 1011.1 General policy considerations; scope. 1011.2 Definitions. 1011.3 General requirements for various kinds of meetings. 1011.4 Forms of advance public notice of meetings; Public Calendar/ Master Calendar and Federal Register. Authority: 5 U.S.C. 552b(g); Pub. L. 92-573, 86 Stat. 1207 (15 U.S.C. 2051-81) as amended by Pub. L. 94-284, 90 Stat. 503, Pub. L. 95- 319, 92 Stat. 386, Pub. L. 95-631, 92 Stat. 3742; Pub. L. 90-189, 81 Stat. 568 (15 U.S.C. 1191-1204); Pub. L. 86-613, 74 Stat. 372, as amended by Pub. L. 89-756, 80 Stat. 1303, and Pub. L. 91-113, 83 Stat. 187 (15 U.S.C. 1261-74); Pub. L. 91-601, 84 Stat. 1670 (15 U.S.C. 1471- 76) and the Act of Aug. 7, 1956, 70 Stat. 953 (15 U.S.C. 1211-14). Source: 46 FR 38322, July 24, 1981, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1011.1 General policy considerations; scope. (a) In order for the Consumer Product Safety Commission to properly carry out its mandate to protect the public from unreasonable risks of injury associated with consumer products, the Commission has determined that it must involve the public in its activities to the fullest possible extent. (b) To ensure public confidence in the integrity of Commission decisionmaking, the Agency, to the fullest possible extent, will conduct its business in an open manner free from any actual or apparent impropriety. (c) This part 1011 presents general provisions concerning public notice for various types of Agency activities. Sec. 1011.2 Definitions. As used in this part 1011, the following terms shall have the meanings set forth: (a) Agency. The entire organization which bears the title Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). (b) Agency staff. Employees of the Agency other than the five Commissioners. (c) Commissioner. An individual who belongs to the collegial body heading the CPSC. (d) Commission. The Commissioners of the Consumer Product Safety Commission acting in an official capacity. (e) Commission Meeting. A meeting of the Commissioners subject to the Government in the Sunshine Act, 5 U.S.C. 552b. This term is more fully defined in the Commission's regulations under the Government in the Sunshine Act, 16 CFR part 1013. (f) Agency meeting. A meeting between Agency personnel, including individual Commissioners, and outside [[Page 23]] parties. This term and the term ``outside party'' are more fully defined in the Commission's Meeting Policy, 16 CFR part 1012. Sec. 1011.3 General requirements for various kinds of meetings. Meetings which involve Agency staff or the Commissioners, other than Commission meetings, are classified in the following categories and shall be held according to the procedures outlined within each category. (a) Hearings. Hearings are public inquiries held by direction of the Commission for the purpose of fact finding or to comply with statutory requirements. The Office of the Secretary is responsible for providing transcription services at the hearings. Where possible, notice of forthcoming hearings will be published in the Public Calendar and the Federal Register at least 30 days before the date of the hearings. (b) Meetings between Commissioners or Agency staff and outside parties. The requirements for Agency meetings between Commissioners or Agency staff and outside parties involving substantial interest matters are contained in 16 CFR part 1012. (c) Commission meetings. The requirements for Commission meetings under the Government in the Sunshine Act, 5 U.S.C. 552b are contained in 16 CFR part 1013. (d) Staff meetings. As a general rule, only Agency employees attend staff meetings. At the discretion of the participants, Staff meetings may be listed on the Public Calendar and attendance by the public may be permitted. Recordkeeping is at the discretion of the participants. (e) Advisory committee meetings. Meetings of the Agency's advisory committees are scheduled by the Commission. Advance notice will be given in both the Public Calendar and the Federal Register. Advisory committee meetings serve as a forum for discussion of matters relevant to the Agency's statutory responsibilities with the objective of providing advice and recommendations to the Commission. The Agency's advisory committees are the National Advisory Committee for the Flammable Fabrics Act, the Product Safety Advisory Council, the Technical Advisory Committee on Poison Prevention Packaging and the Toxicological Advisory Board. The Office of the Secretary is responsible for the recordkeeping for such meetings. The Commission's regulation for the management of its advisory committees is set out in 16 CFR part 1018. Sec. 1011.4 Forms of advance public notice of meetings; Public Calendar/Master Calendar and Federal Register. Advance notice of Agency activities is provided so that members of the public may know of and participate in these activities to the fullest extent possible. Where appropriate, the Commission uses the following types of notice for both Agency meetings subject to 16 CFR part 1012 and Commission meetings subject to 16 CFR part 1013: (a) Public Calendar/Master Calendar. (1) The printed Public Calendar and the Master Calendar maintained in the Office of the Secretary are the principal means by which the Agency notifies the public of its day- to-day activities. The Public Calendar and/or Master Calendar provide advance notice of public hearings, Commission meetings, Agency meetings with outside parties involving substantial interest matters, other Agency meetings, selected staff meetings, advisory committee meetings, and other activities such as speeches and participation in panel discussions, regardless of the location. The Public Calendar also lists recent CPSC Federal Register issuances and Advisory Opinions of the Office of the General Counsel. (2) Upon request in writing to the Office of the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, D.C. 20207, any person or organization will be sent the Public Calendar on a regular basis free of charge. In addition, interested persons may contact the Office of the Secretary to obtain information from the Master Calendar which is kept current on a daily basis. (3) The Public Calendar and the Master Calendar, supplemented by meeting summaries, are intended to serve the requirements of section 27(j)(8) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2076(j)(8)). [[Page 24]] (b) Federal Register. Federal Register is the publication through which official notifications, including formal rules and regulations of the Agency, are made. Because the Public Calendar and/or Master Calendar are the primary devices through which the Agency notifies the public of its routine, daily activities, the Federal Register will be utilized only when required by the Government in the Sunshine Act (as provided in 16 CFR part 1013) or other applicable law, or when the Agency believes that the additional coverage which the Federal Register can provide is necessary to assist in notification to the public of important meetings. PART 1012_MEETINGS POLICY_MEETINGS BETWEEN AGENCY PERSONNEL AND OUTSIDE PARTIES--Table of Contents Sec. 1012.1 General policy considerations; scope. 1012.2 Definitions. 1012.3 Advance public notice of agency meetings. 1012.4 Public attendance at agency meetings. 1012.5 Recordkeeping for agency meetings. 1012.6 The news media. 1012.7 Telephone conversations. Authority: Pub. L. 92-573, 86 Stat. 1207 (15 U.S.C. 2051-81) as amended by Pub. L. 94-284, 90 Stat. 503, Pub. L. 95-319, 92 Stat. 386, Pub. L. 95-631, 92 Stat. 3742; Pub. L. 90-189, 81 Stat. 568 (15 U.S.C. 1191-1204); Pub. L. 86-613, 74 Stat. 372, as amended by Pub. L. 89-756, 80 Stat. 1303, and Pub. L. 91-113, 83 Stat. 187 (15 U.S.C. 1261-74); Pub. L. 91-601, 84 Stat. 1670 (15 U.S.C. 1471-76) and the Act of Aug. 7, 1956, 70 Stat. 953 (15 U.S.C. 1211-14). Source: 46 FR 38323, July 24, 1981, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1012.1 General policy considerations; scope. (a) To achieve its goals of involving the public in its activities and conducting its business in an open manner, the Agency, whenever practicable, shall notify the public in advance of all meetings involving matters of substantial interest held or attended by its personnel, and shall permit the public to attend such meetings. Furthermore, to ensure the widest possible exposure of the details of such meetings, the Agency will keep records of them freely available for inspection by the public. (b) This part 1012, the Agency's Meetings Policy, sets forth requirements for advance public notice, public attendance, and recordkeeping for Agency meetings. Sec. 1012.2 Definitions. (a) As used in this part 1012, the following terms have the respective meanings set forth in paragraphs (a)-(d) of Sec. 1011.2 of this subchapter: ``Agency,'' ``Agency staff,'' ``Commissioner,'' ``Commission.'' (b) Agency meeting. Any face-to-face encounter, other than a Commission meeting subject to the Government in the Sunshine Act, 5 U.S.C. 552b, and part 1013, in which one or more employees, including Commissioners, discusses with an outside party any subject relating to the Agency or any subject under its jurisdiction. The term Agency meeting does not include telephone conversations, but see Sec. 1012.8 which relates to telephone conversations. (c) Outside party. Any person not an employee, not under contract to do work for the Agency, or not acting in an official capacity as a consultant to the Consumer Product Safety Commission, such as advisory committee members or offeror personnel. Examples of persons falling within this definition are representatives from industry and consumer groups. Members of the news media when acting in a newsgathering capacity are not outside parties. (See also Sec. 1012.7.) Officers and employees of the Federal Government when acting in their official capacities (except when advocating a particular course of action on behalf of an outside party) are not outside parties. (d) Substantial interest matter. Any matter, other than that of a trivial nature, that pertains in whole or in part to any issue that is likely to be the subject of a regulatory or policy decision by the Commission. Pending matters, i.e., matters before the Agency in which the Agency is legally obligated to make a decision, automatically constitute substantial interest matters. Examples of pending matters are: Scheduled administrative hearings; [[Page 25]] matters published for public comments; petitions under consideration; and mandatory standard development activities. The following are some examples of matters that do not constitute substantial interest matters: Inquiries concerning the status of a pending matter; discussions relative to general interpretations of existing laws, rules, and regulations; inspection of nonconfidential CPSC documents by the public; negotiations for contractual services; and routine CPSC activities such as recruitment, training, meetings involving consumer deputies, or meetings with hospital staff and other personnel involved in the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System. Sec. 1012.3 Advance public notice of agency meetings. (a) Commissioners and Agency employees are responsible for reporting meeting arrangements for Agency meetings to the Office of the Secretary so that they may be published in the Public Calendar or entered on the Master Calendar at least seven days before a meeting, except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section. These reports shall include the following information: (1) Probable participants and their affiliations; (2) Date, time and place of the meeting; (3) Subject of the meeting (as fully and precisely described as possible); (4) Who requested the meeting; (5) Whether the meeting involves matters of substantial interest; (6) Notice that the meeting is open or reason why the meeting or any portion of the meeting is closed (e.g., discussion of trade secrets); and (7) Names and telephone number of the CPSC host or CPSC contact person. (b) Once a report has been made to the Office of the Secretary, Agency employees subsequently desiring to attend the meeting need not notify the Office of the Secretary. (c) When there is no opportunity to give seven days advance notice of a meeting, Agency employees (other than the Commissioners or their personal staff) who desire to hold or attend such a meeting must obtain the approval of the General Counsel or his or her designee. Requests for waiver of the seven-day advance notice requirement by members of the staff who report to the Executive Director may only be submitted to the General Counsel or his or her designee in writing by the Executive Director or his or her designee. Personal staff of Commissioners must obtain the approval of their respective Commissioners. If the short notice is approved, the Agency employee must notify the Office of the Secretary in advance of the meeting to record the meeting on the Master Calendar. The Office of the Secretary shall publish notice of the meeting as an addendum to the next Public Calendar. (d) Exceptions. The notice requirement shall not apply to: (1) Meetings with outside parties not involving substantial interest matters (although such meetings should be limited where the public interest would be served); (2) Meetings with outside parties held during the normal course of surveillance, inspection, or investigation under any of the Acts administered by the Commission, including informal citation hearings under the Federal Hazardous Substance Act or the Poison Prevention Packaging Act; (3) Meetings with outside parties concerning the settlement or negotiation of an individual case, including proposed remedial action, or meetings concerning any administrative or judicial action in which the outside party is a participant, party, or amicus curiae; (4) Routine speeches given by CPSC personnel before outside parties. However, for information purposes, personnel are encouraged to submit advance notice of these speeches to the Office of the Secretary for inclusion in the Public Calendar; (5) Meetings with other Federal personnel that are also attended by outside parties except where a specific matter to be discussed is also pending before the Commission or its staff; (6) Meetings with state, local or foreign government personnel concerning intergovernmental cooperative efforts and not the advocacy of a particular course of action on behalf of a constituency of the governmental entity; [[Page 26]] (7) Meetings or discussions with or at the request of either members of Congress and their staffs relating to legislation, appropriation or oversight matters, or Management and Budget personnel relating to legislation or appropriation matters; (8) Pre-proposal conferences involving confidential contracts made pursuant to 41 U.S.C. 252(c)(12) in connection with potential litigation matters. Sec. 1012.4 Public attendance at agency meetings. (a) Any person may attend any meeting involving a substantial interest matter unless that meeting has been listed as a closed meeting. For meetings not involving substantial interest matters, the chairperson of the meeting may exercise his or her discretion to allow attendance by a member of the public. (b) When meetings between Agency employees and outside parties are open to the public, attendance may be limited by space. When feasible, a person or organization desiring to attend such a meeting should give at least one day advance notice to one of the employees holding or attending the meeting so that sufficient space can be arranged for all those wishing to attend. (c) Members of the public attending Agency meetings generally may observe only. The chairperson of the meeting may exercise his or her discretion to permit members of the public to participate as well. (d) The following Agency meetings are not open to the public: (1) Meetings, or, if possible, portions of meetings where the General Counsel or his or her designee has determined that proprietary data are to be discussed in such a manner as to imperil their confidentiality; (2) Meetings held by outside parties at which limits on attendance are imposed by lack of space, provided that such meetings are open to the news media; (3) Meetings with outside parties held during the normal course of surveillance, inspection, or investigation under any of the Acts administered by the Commission, including informal citation hearings under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act or the Poison Prevention Packaging Act; (4) Meetings with outside parties concerning the settlement or negotiation of an individual case, including proposed remedial action, or meetings concerning any administrative or judicial action in which the outside party is a participant, party, or amicus curiae; (5) Meetings with other Federal personnel that are attended by outside parties except where a specific matter to be discussed is also pending before the Commission or its staff; (6) Meetings with state, local or foreign government personnel concerning intergovernmental cooperative efforts and not the advocacy of a particular course of action on behalf of a constituency of the governmental entity; (7)(i) Meetings between Agency staff (other than Commissioners and their personal staff) and an outside party when the General Counsel or his or her designee determines that extraordinary circumstances require that the meeting be closed. Requests for exemption by members of the staff who report to the Executive Director may be submitted to the General Counsel or his or her designee in writing only by the Executive Director or his or her designee. In such a case, the reasons for closing the meeting or a portion of the meeting shall be stated in the Public Calendar notice announcing the meeting; (ii) Meetings between a Commissioner (or his or her personal staff) and an outside party when, in the opinion of the Commissioner, extraordinary circumstances require that the meeting be closed. In such a case, the reasons for closing the meeting or a portion of the meeting must be stated in the Public Calendar notice announcing the meeting; (8) Meetings or discussions with or at the request of either members of Congress and their staffs relating to legislation, appropriation or oversight matters, or Management and Budget personnel relating to legislation or appropriation matters; and (9) Pre-proposal conferences involving confidential contracts made pursuant to 41 U.S.C. 252(c)(12), in connection with the potential litigation matters. [[Page 27]] Sec. 1012.5 Recordkeeping for agency meetings. (a) This section describes and establishes requirements for the two types of records maintained for Agency meetings, Agency meeting summaries and transcripts. (b) Agency meeting summaries. Agency meeting summaries are written records settling forth the issues discussed at all Agency meetings with outside parties involving substantial interest matters. Any Commission employee who holds or attends an Agency meeting involving a substantial interest matter must prepare a meeting summary. However, only one agency meeting summary is required for each meeting even if more than one CPSC employee holds or attends the meeting. Agency meeting summaries are generally available to the public in the Agency's Public Reading Room in the Office of the Secretary as described in paragraph (b)(2) of this section. (1) An agency meeting summary should state the essence of all substantive matters relevant to the Agency, especially any matter discussed which was not listed on the Public Calendar, and should describe any decisions made or conclusions reached regarding substantial interest matters. An agency meeting summary should also indicate the date of the meeting and the identity of persons who attended. (2) An agency meeting summary or a notice of cancellation of the meeting must be submitted to the Office of the Secretary within twenty (20) calendar days after the meeting for which the summary is required. The Office of the Secretary shall maintain a file of the meeting summaries in chronological order, which shall be available to the public to the extent permitted by law. (c) Transcripts. Transcripts are generally taken at public hearings and certain Agency meetings when complex subjects indicate verbatim records are desirable. The transcript may also include exhibits submitted to be part of the formal record of an Agency meeting. Copies of such transcripts are placed on file for public inspection in the Office of the Secretary. Sec. 1012.6 The news media. The Agency recognizes that the news media occupy a unique position in informing the public of the Agency's activities. The Commission believes that the inherently public nature of the news media allows their activities to be exempt from the requirements of this part whenever Agency meetings are held with the news media for the purpose of informing them about Agency activities. Such Agency meetings are not exempt in the event that any representative of the news media attempts to influence any Agency employee on a substantial interest matter. Sec. 1012.7 Telephone conversations. (a) Telephone conversations present special problems regarding Agency meetings. The Commission recognizes that persons outside the Agency have a legitimate right to receive information and to present their views regarding Agency activities. The Commission also recognizes that such persons may not have the financial means to travel to meet with Agency employees. However, because telephone conversations, by their very nature, are not susceptible to public attendance, or participation, Agency employees must take care to ensure that telephone conversations are not utilized to circumvent the provisions of this part. (b) Two basic rules apply to telephone conversations: (1) Any Agency employee holding a telephone conversation in which substantial interest matters are discussed with an outside party must prepare a telephone call summary of the conversation. The summary must meet the requirements of Sec. 1012.5(b), and must be submitted to the Office of the Secretary within twenty (20) calendar days of the conversation. The Office of the Secretary shall maintain file of telephone call summaries in chronological order which shall be available to the public to the extent permitted by law. (2) All Agency employees must exercise sound judgment in discussing substsantial interest matters during a telephone conversation. In the exercise of such discretion Agency employees should not hesitate to terminate a telephone conversation and insist that the [[Page 28]] matters being discussed be postponed until an Agency meeting with appropriate advance public notice may be scheduled, or, if the outside party is financially or otherwise unable to meet with the Agency employee, until the matter is presented to the Agency in writing. PART 1013_GOVERNMENT IN THE SUNSHINE ACT, RULES FOR COMMISSION MEETINGS-- Table of Contents Sec. 1013.1 General policy considerations; scope. 1013.2 Definitions. 1013.3 Announcement of Commission meetings and changes after announcement. 1013.4 Public attendance at Commission meetings. 1013.5 Recordkeeping requirements. 1013.6 Public availability of transcripts, recordings and minutes of Commission meetings. Authority: 5 U.S.C. 552b(g). Source: 46 FR 38326, July 24, 1981, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1013.1 General policy considerations; scope. (a) In enacting the Government in the Sunshine Act, 5 U.S.C. 552b, the Congress stated the policy that, to the fullest practicable extent, the public is entitled to information regarding the decisionmaking processes of the Federal Government. The purpose of the Government in the Sunshine Act is to provide the public with such information while protecting both the rights of individuals and the ability of the Government to carry out its responsibilities. When the Commissioners of the Consumer Product Safety Commission hold meetings for the purpose of jointly conducting or disposing of Commission business they will conduct these meetings in accordance with the provisions of the Government in the Sunshine Act. (b) This part 1013 prescribes rules the Commission follows in carrying out the Government in the Sunshine Act. Sec. 1013.2 Definitions. (a) As used in this part 1013, the following terms shall have the respective meanings set forth in paragraphs (a), (c) and (d) of Sec. 1011.2 of this subchapter: ``Agency,'' ``Commissioner,'' ``Commission.'' (b) Majority of the Commission. Three or more of the Commissioners. (c) Commission meeting. The joint deliberations of at least a majority of the Commission where such deliberations determine or result in the joint conduct or disposition of official Agency business. This term does not include meetings required or permitted by Sec. 1013.4(b) (to determine whether a meeting will be open or closed), meetings required or permitted by Sec. 1013.3(e) (to change the subject matter of a meeting or the determination to open or close a meeting after the public announcement) or meetings required or permitted by 1013.3(c) (to dispense with the one week advance notice of a meeting). Sec. 1013.3 Announcement of Commission meetings and changes after announcement. (a) The Secretary of the Commission is responsible for preparing and making public the announcements and notices relating to Commission meetings that are required in this part. (b) The Agency shall announce each Commission meeting in the Public Calendar or Master Calendar at least one week (seven calendar days) before the meeting. The Agency shall concurrently submit the announcement for publication in the Federal Register. The announcement and the Federal Register notice shall contain the following information: (1) The date, time, and place of the meeting; (2) The subject matter of the meeting; (3) Whether the meeting will be open or closed to the public; (4) The name and phone number of the official who responds to requests for information about the meeting. (c) If a majority of the Commission determines by recorded vote that Agency business requires calling a meeting without seven calendar days advance public notice, the Office of the Secretary shall announce this determination in the Public Calendar or Master Calendar at the earliest practicable time and shall concurrently transmit [[Page 29]] the announcement for publication in the Federal Register. (d) When necessary and at the direction of the Chairman, the Secretary shall change the time of a Commission meeting after the announcement in the Public Calendar or Master Calendar. Any such change shall be entered on the Master Calendar and such other notice shall be given as is practicable. (e) After announcement of a Commission meeting in the Public Calendar or Master Calendar, the Commission may change the subject matter of a Commission meeting or the decision to open or close a Commission meeting or portion thereof to the public, only if a majority of the Commission determines by recorded vote that Agency business so requires, and only if a majority of the Commission determines by recorded vote that no earlier announcement of the change was possible. The Commission shall announce the change in the Public Calendar or Master Calendar at the earliest practicable time before the meeting and shall concurrently transmit the announcement for publication in the Federal Register. Announcement of the change shall include the vote of each Commissioner upon the change. (See also Sec. 1013.4(d) for requirements for Commission reconsideration of a decision to open or close a meeting to the public.) Sec. 1013.4 Public attendance at Commission meetings. (a) Attendance by the public. Every portion of every Commission meeting shall be open to public observation except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section. Notwithstanding the applicability of the exemptions contained in paragraph (b) of this section, a Commission meeting or portions thereof shall be open to public observation when the Commission determines that the public interest so requires. The Commission shall take into account in all cases the relative advantages and disadvantages to the public of conducting the Commission meeting in open session. The number of public observers shall be limited only by availability of space. Attendance by the public shall usually be limited to observation and shall not include participation except where, by majority vote, the Commission determines that data or views from certain members of the public will be permitted. To the extent their use does not interfere with the conduct of open meetings, cameras and sound- recording equipment may be used at open Commission meetings. The Chairman or presiding Commissioner shall insure that use of such equipment does not disrupt the meeting. (b) Exemptions to the requirement of openness. The requirement in paragraph (a) of this section that all Commission meetings be open to public observation shall not apply to any Commission meeting or portion thereof for which the Commission has determined in accordance with the procedures for closing meetings set forth in paragraph (c) of this section, that such meeting or portion thereof is likely to: (1) Disclose matters that are specifically authorized under criteria established by an Executive Order to be kept secret in the interest of national defense or foreign policy and in fact are properly classified pursuant to such Executive Order; (2) Relate solely to the internal personnel rules and practices of the Agency; (3) Disclose matters specifically exempted from disclosure by statute (other than 5 U.S.C. 552): Provided, That such statute (i) requires that the matters be withheld from the public in such a manner as to leave no discretion on the issue, or (ii) establishes particular criteria for withholding or refers to particular types of matters to be withheld; (4) Disclose trade secrets and commercial or financial information obtained from a person and privileged or confidential; (5) Involve accusing any person of a crime, or formally censuring any person; (6) Disclose information of a personal nature where disclosure would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy; (7) Disclose investigatory records compiled for law enforcement purposes or information which if written would be contained in such records, but only [[Page 30]] to the extent that the production of such records or information would, (i) Interfere with enforcement proceedings, (ii) Deprive a person of a right to a fair trial or an impartial adjudication, (iii) Constitute an unwarranted invasion of personal privacy, (iv) Disclose the identity of a confidential source and, in the case of a record compiled by a criminal law enforcement authority in the course of a criminal investigation, or by an agency conducting a lawful national security intelligence investigation, confidential information furnished only by the confidential source, (v) Disclose investigative techniques and procedures or, (vi) Endanger the life or physical safety of law enforcement personnel; (8) Disclose information contained in or related to examination, operating or condition reports prepared by, on behalf of, or for the use of an agency responsible for the regulation or supervision of financial institutions; (9) Disclose information the premature disclosure of which would be likely to significantly frustrate implementation of a proposed Agency action. This provision does not apply in any instance where the Agency has already disclosed to the public the content or nature of its proposed action, or where the Agency is required by law to make such disclosure on its own initiative prior to taking final agency action on such proposal; or (10) Specifically concern the Agency's issuance of a subpoena, or the Agency's participation in a civil action or proceeding, an action in a foreign court or international tribunal, or an arbitration, or the initiation, conduct, or disposition by the Agency of a particular case of formal agency adjudication pursuant to the procedures in 5 U.S.C. 554 or otherwise involving a determination on the record after opportunity for a hearing. (c) Procedure for closing Commission Meetings. The following procedure shall be followed in closing a Commission meeting or portion thereof to public observation: (1) A majority of the Commission must vote to close a meeting or portion thereof to public observation pursuant to paragraph (b) of this section. A separate vote of the Commission shall be taken for each matter with respect to which a Commission meeting is proposed to be closed to public observation. Each such vote may, at the discretion of the Commission, apply to that portion of any meeting held within the following thirty days in which such matter is to be discussed. The vote of each Commissioner participating in such vote shall be recorded and no proxies shall be allowed. (2) Any person whose interest may be directly affected if a portion of a Commission meeting is open may request in writing to the Office of the Secretary that the Commission close that portion of the meeting on the basis of paragraph (b) (5), (6), or (7) of this section. The Commission shall vote on such requests if at least one Commissioner desires to do so. (3) Before the Commission may hold a closed meeting the General Counsel must certify that in his or her opinion, the meeting may properly be closed to the public. Such certification shall be in writing and shall state each relevant exemptive provision. (4) Within one day of a vote in accordance with paragraph (c) (1) or (2) of this section to close a Commission meeting or portion thereof, the Secretary shall make available to the public a notice setting forth: (i) The results of the vote reflecting the vote of each Commissioner; (ii) A full explanation of the action of the Commission closing the meeting or portion thereof, including reference to the specific basis for such closing (see paragraph (b) of this section) and an explanation, (without disclosing exempt information), of why the Commission concludes on balance, taking into account the relative advantages and disadvantages to the public of conducting the meeting in open or closed session, that the public interest would best be served by closing the meeting; (iii) A list of all non-Agency personnel expected to attend the meeting and their affiliations; and (iv) A certification by the General Counsel that in his or her opinion, the meeting may properly be closed to the public. If a vote to close a Commission meeting takes place on the same day as [[Page 31]] the meeting, the certification must be made available to the public before the meeting is convened. (5) The public release of the portion of the written statement required by paragraph (c)(4)(ii) of this section may be delayed upon a determination by the Commission, by recorded vote, that such a notice, or portion thereof, would disclose information which may be withheld in accordance with paragraphs (b) (1) through (10) of this section. (d) Reconsideration of a decision to open or close a Commission meeting. The Commission may, in accordance with the procedures in Sec. 1013.3(3) or paragraph (c)(2) of this section, reconsider its decision to open or close a Commission meeting when it finds that the public interest so requires. [46 FR 38326, July 24, 1981, as amended at 48 FR 36566, Aug. 12, 1983] Sec. 1013.5 Recordkeeping requirements. (a) Commission meetings, transcripts, recordings, or minutes. (1) The Agency shall maintain a complete transcript or electronic recording of each Commission meeting, whether open or closed, except that in the case of a Commission meeting or portion thereof closed to the public pursuant to paragraph (b)(10) of Sec. 1013.4, the Agency may elect to maintain a set of meeting minutes instead of a transcript or a recording. Minutes of such closed Commission meetings shall: (i) Fully and clearly describe all matters discussed, and (ii) Provide a full and accurate summary of any actions taken and the reasons therefor, including a description of each of the views expressed on any item and the record of any roll call vote (reflecting the vote of each Commissioner on the question). All documents considered in connection with any action shall be identified in the meeting minutes. (2) The transcript, recording or minutes of closed Commission meetings shall include the certification by the General Counsel or by his or her designee, required by Sec. 1013.4(c)(3) and a statement by the presiding Commissioner setting forth the date, time and place of the meeting and the persons present. (3) The transcript, recording, or minutes of any Commission meeting may include attachments such as Commission opinions, briefing papers, or other documents presented at the meeting. (4) The transcript and accompanying material shall be maintained by the Secretary for a period of at least two years after the meeting, or until one year after the conclusion of any Agency proceeding with respect to which the meeting, or portion thereof, was held, whichever occurs later. (b) Minutes of Commission Decisions. Minutes of Commission Decisions summarizing the issues presented to the Commission for decision and indicating the vote of each Commissioner document the decisions of the Commission, whether made at open or closed meetings or by ballot vote. The Commission's final Minutes of Commission Decisions, issued by the Office of the Secretary, constitute the official means of recording the decisions of the Commission and the votes of individual Commissioners. Sec. 1013.6 Public availability of transcripts, recordings and minutes of Commission meetings. (a) Availability of transcripts, recordings or minutes. The Agency shall make available to the public the transcript, recording or minutes of Commission meetings. However, unless the Commission finds that the public interest requires otherwise, any portion of the transcript, recording or minutes of a closed Commission meeting which is determined to contain information which may properly be withheld from the public on the basis of paragraphs (b) (1) through (10) of Sec. 1013.4 need not be made available to the public. (b) Procedures for making available transcripts, recordings or meeting minutes. Meeting records will be made available for inspection, or copies will be furnished, as requested, in accordance with the following procedures. (1) Requests. Requests for inspection or copies shall be in writing addressed to the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, D.C. 20207. A request must reasonably describe the Commission meeting, or portion thereof, including the date and [[Page 32]] subject matter or any other information which may help to identify the requested material. (2) Responses to requests. The responsibility for responding to requests for meeting records is vested in the Secretary of the Commission. In any case where the Secretary or his or her designee, in his or her discretion, determines that a request for an identifiable meeting record should be initially determined by the Commission, the Secretary or his or her designee may certify the matter to the Commission for decision. In that event, the Commission decision shall be made within the time limits set forth in paragraph (b)(5)(iii) of this section and shall be final. (3) Time limitations on responses to requests. The Secretary or his or her designee shall respond to all written requests for copies of meeting records within ten (10) working days. The time limitations on responses to requests shall begin to run as of the time a request for records is received and date stamped by the Office of the Secretary. (4) Responses. Form and content. When a requested meeting record has been identified and is available for disclosure the requester shall either be informed as to where and when the records will be made available for inspection or be supplied with a copy. A response denying a written request for a meeting record of a closed Commission meeting shall be in writing signed by the Secretary and shall include: (i) A reference to the specific exemptions under the Government in the Sunshine Act (5 U.S.C. 552b(c)) authorizing the denial; and (ii) A statement that the denial may be appealed to the Commission pursuant to paragraph (b)(5) of this section. (5) Appeals to the Commissioners. (i) When the Secretary or his or her designee has denied a request for records in whole or in part, the requester may, within 30 days of its receipt, appeal the denial to the Commissioners of the Consumer Product Safety Commission by writing to the attention of the Chairman, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, D.C. 20207. (ii) The Commission will act upon an appeal within 20 working days of its receipt. The time limitations on an appeal begin to run as of the time an appeal is received by the Office of the Chairman and date stamped. (iii) The Commission's action on appeal shall be in writing, signed by the Chairman of the Commission if the appeal is denied and shall identify the Commissioners who voted for a denial. A denial in whole or in part of a request on appeal for records of a closed meeting shall set forth the exemption relied on and a brief explanation (without disclosing exempt information) of how the exemption applies to the records withheld. A denial in whole or in part shall also inform the requester of his or her right to seek judicial review as specified in 5 U.S.C. 552b(h). (6) Fees. (i) Fees shall be charged for copies of transcriptions of recording or minutes in accordance with the schedule contained in paragraph (b)(6)(iii) of this section. (ii) There shall be no fee charged for services rendered in connection with production or disclosure of meeting records unless the charges, calculated according to the schedule below, exceed the sum of $25.00. Where the charges are calculated to be an amount in excess of $25.00, the fee charged shall be the difference between $25.00 and the calculated charges. (iii) The schedule of charges for furnishing copies of meeting records is as follows: (A) Reproduction, duplication or copying of transcripts or minutes: 10 cents per page. (B) Reproduction of recordings: actual cost basis. (C) Transcription (where meeting records are in the form of a recording only): actual cost basis. (D) Postage: actual cost basis. PART 1014_POLICIES AND PROCEDURES IMPLEMENTING THE PRIVACY ACT OF 1974-- Table of Contents Sec. 1014.1 Purpose and scope. 1014.2 Definitions. 1014.3 Procedures for requests pertaining to individual records. 1014.4 Requirements for identification of individuals making requests. 1014.5 Disclosure of requested information to individuals. [[Page 33]] 1014.6 Request for correction or amendment to a record. 1014.7 Agency review of request for correction or amendment of a record. 1014.8 Appeal of initial denial of access, correction or amendment. 1014.9 Disclosure of record to person other than the individual to whom it pertains. 1014.10 Fees. 1014.11 Penalties. 1014.12 Specific exemptions. Authority: Privacy Act of 1974 (5 U.S.C. 552a). Source: 40 FR 53381, Nov. 18, 1975, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1014.1 Purpose and scope. This part sets forth the regulations of the Consumer Product Safety Commission implementing the Privacy Act of 1974 (Pub. L. 93-579). The purpose of these regulations is to inform the public about records maintained by the Commission which contain personal information about individuals, and to inform those individuals how they may seek access to and correct records concerning themselves. These regulations do not apply to requests for information made pursuant to the Freedom of Information Act (except where such disclosures would constitute an invasion of privacy of an individual). Sec. 1014.2 Definitions. As used in this part: (a) Individual means a person who is a citizen of the United States or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence. (b) Privacy Act means the Privacy Act of 1974 (Pub. L. 93-579). (c) Record means any item of personal information relating to an individual, such as educational, employment, financial or medical information. (d) Statistical record means a record in a system of records maintained for statistical research or reporting purposes only and not used in whole or in part in making any determination about an identifiable individual. (e) System of records or records systems means a group of records maintained by the Commission from which information may be retrieved by the name of an individual or some other individual identifier. (f) Maintain includes the collection, use, storage, and dissemination of information. Sec. 1014.3 Procedures for requests pertaining to individual records. (a) Any individual may request the Commission to inform him or her whether a particular record system named by the individual contains a record pertaining to him or her. The request may be made by mail or in person during business hours (8:30 a.m. to 5 p.m.) to the Freedom of Information/Privacy Act Officer, Office of the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, Maryland (mailing address: Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207). (b) An individual who believes that the Commission maintains a record pertaining to him or her but who cannot determine which record system may contain the record, may request assistance by mail or in person at the Office of the Secretary during business hours. (c) A Commission officer or employee or former employee who desires to review or obtain a copy of a personnel record pertaining to him or her may make a request by mail or in person at the Office of Human Resources Management, Room 523, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, Maryland (mailing address: Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207). (d) Each individual requesting the disclosure of a record or a copy of a record shall furnish the following information to the extent known with the request to the Freedom of Information/Privacy Act Officer or to the Division of Personnel's Processing Unit, as applicable: (1) A description of the record sought; (2) The approximate date of the record; (3) The name or other description of the record system containing the record; (4) Proof as required in Sec. 1014.4 that he or she is the individual to whom the requested record relates; and (5) Any other information required by the notice describing the record system. [[Page 34]] (e) An individual personally inspecting his or her records may be accompanied by other persons of his or her own choosing. The individual shall sign a written statement authorizing disclosure of the record in the other person's presence. (f) Any individual who desires to have a record concerning himself or herself disclosed to or mailed to another person may authorize that person to act as his or her agent for that specific purpose. The authorization shall be in writing, signed by the individual, and shall be notarized. An agent requesting the review or copy of another's record shall submit with the request the authorization and proof of his or her identify as required by Sec. 1014.4(c). (g) The parent of any minor individual or the legal guardian of any individual who has been declared by a court of competent jurisdiction to be incompetent, due to physical or mental incapacity or age, may act on behalf of that individual in any matter covered by this part. A parent or guardian who desires to act on behalf of such individual shall present suitable evidence of parentage or guardianship, by birth certificate, certified copy of a court order, or similar documents, and proof of the individual's identity in a form that complies with Sec. 1014.4(c). (h) An individual may request an accounting of all disclosures made to other persons or agencies of his or her record, except those disclosures made to law enforcement agencies pursuant to section (b)(7) of the Privacy Act (5 U.S.C. 552a(b)(7)). A request for accounting, whenever made, shall be treated as a request for disclosure of records. [40 FR 53381, Nov. 18, 1975, as amended at 53 FR 52404, Dec. 28, 1988; 62 FR 46667, Sept. 4, 1997] Sec. 1014.4 Requirements for identification of individuals making requests. The following proof of identity is required for requests for records made pursuant to Sec. 1014.3: (a) An individual seeking a record about himself or herself in person may establish his or her identity by the presentation of a single document bearing a photograph (such as a passport or driver's license) or by a presentation of two items of identification which do not bear a photograph but do bear both a name and address. An individual who cannot provide documentation of his or her identity may provide a written statement affirming his or her identity and the fact that he or she understands the penalties for making false statements (18 U.S.C. 1001 and 5 U.S.C. 552a(i)(3)). (b) An individual seeking a record by mail shall include a statement signed by the individual and properly notarized, that he or she appeared before a notary public and submitted proof of identity acceptable to the notary public. (c) Requests made by an agent, parent, or guardian shall, in addition to establishing the identity of the minor or other person he or she represents as required by paragraphs (a) and (b), establish his or her agency, parentage, or guardianship by documentation. (d) In any case in which the Commission determines that the proof of identity is not adequate, it may request the individual to submit additional proof of identity. Sec. 1014.5 Disclosure of requested information to individuals. (a) Upon submission of proof of identity, the Office of the Secretary or the Director of Resource Utilization, as applicable, shall promptly forward the request to the system manager who will promptly allow the individual to see and/or have a copy of the requested record or send a copy of the record to the individual by mail, as requested by the individual. If the individual asks to see the record, the record should be made available for review and/or copying at the location where the record is maintained, in the Office of the Secretary, or the Director of Resource Utilization, or at the nearest Area Office. (b) If the system manager should determine, for any reason, that the requested records are exempt from the right of access, a notice of denial shall be sent to the requester stating the reasons for denial, and the requester's right to appeal the denial in accordance with the procedures set forth in Sec. 1014.8 of these regulations. [[Page 35]] Sec. 1014.6 Request for correction or amendment to a record. (a) Any individual who has reviewed a record pertaining to himself or herself may request the Executive Director to correct or amend all or any part of the record. (b) Each request for a correction or amendment of a record shall be in writing and shall contain the following information: (1) The name of the individual requesting the correction or amendment; (2) The name or other description of the system of records in which the record sought to be amended is maintained; (3) The location of that record in the system of records to the extent that it is known; (4) A copy of the record sought to be amended or a description of that record; (5) A statement of the material in the record that should be corrected or amended; (6) A statement of the specific wording of the correction or amendment sought; and (7) A statement of the basis for the requested correction or amendment including any material that the individual can furnish to substantiate the reasons for the amendment sought. [40 FR 53381, Nov. 18, 1975, as amended at 42 FR 22878, May 5, 1977] Sec. 1014.7 Agency review of request for correction or amendment of a record. (a) Not later than 10 working days after the receipt of the request for the correction or amendment of a record under Sec. 1014.6, the responsible Commission official shall acknowledge receipt of the request and inform the individual whether further information is required before the correction or amendment can be considered. (b) The responsible Commission official will promptly review the request and either make the requested correction or amendment or notify the individual of his or her refusal to do so, including in the notification the reasons for the refusal, and the appeal procedures provided by Sec. 1014.8. (c) The responsible Commission official will make each requested correction or amendment to a record if that correction or amendment will correct anything within the record that is not accurate, relevant, timely, or complete. A copy of each corrected or amended record shall be furnished to the individual who requested the action. If an accounting of disclosure has been kept, all previous recipients of the record shall be notified of the correction and its substance. Sec. 1014.8 Appeal of initial denial of access, correction or amendment. (a) Any individual whose request for access, correction or amendment to a record is denied, in whole or in part, may appeal that decision within 30 working days to the Chairman, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, D.C. 20207. (b) The appeal shall be in writing and shall: (1) Name the individual making the appeal; (2) Identify the record to which access is sought or which is sought to be corrected or amended; (3) Name or describe the record system in which the record is contained; (4) Contain a short statement describing the correction of amendment sought; (5) State the name and location of the Commission official who initially denied the correction or amendment; and (6) State the date of the initial denial. (c) Not later than 30 working days after the date on which the appeal is received, the Chairman shall complete a review of the appeal and make a final decision thereon. However, for good cause shown, the Chairman of the Commission may extend the 30-day period. If the Chairman so extends the period, he or she shall promptly notify the individual requesting the review that the extension has been made. (d) If after review of an appeal request, the Chairman also refuses to amend the record or grant access to the record in accordance with the request, he or she shall send a written notice to the requester containing the following information: (1) The decision and the reasons for the decision; [[Page 36]] (2) The right of the requester to institute a civil action in a Federal District Court for judicial review of the decision; and (3) The right of the requester to file with the Chairman a concise statement setting forth the reasons for his or her disagreement with the denial of the correction or amendment. A copy of the statement of disagreement shall be filed with the record in issue, and the record in issue shall be so marked as to indicate that there is a disagreement. The system manager shall make the statement of disagreement available to prior recipients of the disputed record to the extent that an accounting of disclosures was maintained, and to any person to whom the record is later disclosed, together with a brief statement, if deemed appropriate, of the reasons for denying the requested correction or amendment. [40 FR 53381, Nov. 18, 1975, as amended at 42 FR 22878, May 5, 1977] Sec. 1014.9 Disclosure of record to person other than the individual to whom it pertains. (a) Any person or agency (other than an officer or employee of the Commission who has a need for individual records in the performance of his or her duty) seeking disclosure of personal records of another individual which are contained in a system of records shall submit a request in accordance with the Commission's Procedures for Disclosure of Production of Information under the Freedom of Information Act (16 CFR part 1015, subpart A). (b) The determination of whether or not the requested disclosure is proper will be made in accordance with the provisions of the Freedom of Information Act, as amended (5 U.S.C. 552) and the Commission's policies and procedures issued thereunder (16 CFR part 1015). [41 FR 30324, July 23, 1976] Sec. 1014.10 Fees. The Commission shall not charge an individual for the costs of making a search for a record, the costs of reviewing or copying a record, or the cost of correcting or amending a record. Sec. 1014.11 Penalties. Any person who makes a false statement in connection with any request for a record, or an amendment thereto, under this part, is subject to the penalties prescribed in 18 U.S.C. 494, 495, and 1001; and 5 U.S.C. 552a(i)(3). Sec. 1014.12 Specific exemptions. (a) Injury information. (1) The Bureau of Epidemiology maintains a file of Accident Reports (In-Depth Investigations) which are conducted on a sample of product related injuries reported to the Commission by selected hospital emergency rooms, by consumers through the Commission's ``Hot-Line'' telephone service and through written consumer complaints and by other means such as newspaper reports. The purpose of this record system is to compile accident statistics for analyzing the incidence and severity of product related injuries. (2) Inasmuch as the maintenance of the record system listed in paragraph (a)(1) of this section is authorized by section 5 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2054) and the data are used solely as statistical records, the system is exempted from the requirements of the Privacy Act relating to making available the accounting of disclosures, correction or amendment of the record and the application of these rules to the system of records. Specifically, the system is exempt from 5 U.S.C. 552a(c)(3); (d) (2) and (3); (e)(1); (e)(4) (G), (H) and (I); and (f). However, Accident Reports made by Commission employees are disclosable in accordance with paragraph (a)(3) of this section. (3) Section 25(c) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2074(c)) provides that accident or investigation reports made by an officer or employee of the Commission shall be made available to the public in a manner which will not identify any injured person or any person treating him or her, without the consent of the person identified. Consequently, an accident or investigation report which identifies individuals is available to the injured party or the person treating him or her [[Page 37]] but would not be available for disclosure to a third party without the consent of the injured party or person treating him or her. (4) Since accident or investigation reports are compiled only for statistical purposes and are not used in whole or in part in making any determination about an individual, they are exempted from the requirement to correct or amend a record as provided by subsection (d)(2) of the Privacy Act (5 U.S.C. 552a (d)(2)). Exceptions from this paragraph, insofar as they relate to amendments or additions, may be allowed by the Executive Director. (b) Inspector General Investigative Files--CPSC-6. All portions of this system of records which fall within 5 U.S.C. 552a(k)(2) (investigatory materials compiled for law enforcement purposes) and 5 U.S.C. 552a(k)(5) (investigatory materials solely compiled for suitability determinations) are exempt from 5 U.S.C. 552a(c)(3) (mandatory accounting of disclosures); 5 U.S.C. 552a(d) (access by individuals to records that pertain to them); 5 U.S.C. 552a(e)(1) (requirement to maintain only such information as is relevant and necessary to accomplish an authorized agency purpose); 5 U.S.C. 552a(e)(4)(G) (mandatory procedures to notify individuals of the existence of records pertaining to them); 5 U.S.C. 552a(e)(4)(H) (mandatory procedures to notify individuals how they can obtain access to and contest records pertaining to them); 5 U.S.C. 552a(e)(4)(I) (mandatory disclosure of records source categories); and the Commission's regulations in 16 CFR part 1014 which implement these statutory provisions. (c) Enforcement and Litigation Files--CPSC-7. All portions of this system of records that fall within 5 U.S.C. 552a(k)(2) (investigatory materials compiled for law enforcement purposes) are exempt from 5 U.S.C. 552a(c)(3) (mandatory accounting of disclosures); 5 U.S.C. 552a(d) (access by individuals to records that pertain to them); 5 U.S.C. 552a(e)(1) (requirement to maintain only such information as is relevant and necessary to accomplish an authorized agency purpose); 5 U.S.C. 552a(e)(4)(G) (mandatory procedures to notify individuals of the existence of records pertaining to them); 5 U.S.C. 552a(e)(4)(H) (mandatory procedures to notify individuals how they can obtain access to and contest records pertaining to them); 5 U.S.C. 552a(e)(4)(I) (mandatory disclosure of records source categories); and the Commission's regulations in 16 CFR part 1014 that implement these statutory provisions. [40 FR 53381, Nov. 18, 1975, as amended at 42 FR 9161, Feb. 15, 1977; 59 FR 32078, June 22, 1994; 62 FR 48756, Sept. 17, 1997] PART 1015_PROCEDURES FOR DISCLOSURE OR PRODUCTION OF INFORMATION UNDER THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT--Table of Contents Subpart A_Production or Disclosure Under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) Sec. 1015.1 Purpose and scope. 1015.2 Public inspection. 1015.3 Requests for records. 1015.4 Responses to requests for records; responsibility. 1015.5 Time limitation on responses to requests for records and requests for expedited processing. 1015.6 Responses: Form and content. 1015.7 Appeals from initial denials. 1015.8 Requests received during the course of administrative hearings. [Reserved] 1015.9 Fees for production of records. 1015.10 [Reserved] 1015.11 Disclosure of trade secrets to consultants and contractors; nondisclosure to advisory committees and other government agencies. 1015.12 Disclosure to Congress. Subpart B_Exemptions From Production and Disclosure Under 5 U.S.C. 552(b) 1015.15 Purpose and scope. 1015.16-1015.17 [Reserved] 1015.18 Information submitted to the Commission; request for treatment as exempt material. 1015.19 Decisions on requests for exemption from disclosure under 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4). Subpart C_Disclosure of Commission Accident or Investigation Reports Under 15 U.S.C. 2074(c) 1015.20 Public availability of accident or investigation reports. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2051-2084; 15 U.S.C. 1261-1278; 15 U.S.C. 1471- 1476; 15 U.S.C. 1211- [[Page 38]] 1214; 15 U.S.C. 1191-1204; 15 U.S.C. 8001-8008; Pub. L. 110-278, 122 Stat. 2602; 5 U.S.C. 552. Source: 42 FR 10490, Feb. 22, 1977, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_Production or Disclosure Under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) Sec. 1015.1 Purpose and scope. (a) The regulations of this subpart provide information concerning the procedures by which Consumer Product Safety Commission records may be made available for inspection and the procedures for obtaining copies of records from the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Official records of the Consumer Product Safety Commission consist of all documentary material maintained by the Commission in any format, including an electronic format. These records include those maintained in connection with the Commission's responsibilities and functions under the Consumer Product Safety Act, as well as those responsibilities and functions transferred to the Commission under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act, the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970, the Refrigerator Safety Act, the Flammable Fabrics Act, the Children's Gasoline Burn Prevention Act, the Virginia Graeme Baker Pool and Spa Safety Act, and the Child Nicotine Poisoning Prevention Act, and those maintained under any other authorized activity. Official records do not, however, include objects or articles such as tangible exhibits, samples, models, equipment, or other items of valuable property; books, magazines, or other reference material; or documents routinely distributed by the Commission in the normal course of business such as copies of Federal Register notices, pamphlets, and laws. Official records include only existing records. Official records of the Commission made available under the requirements of the Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. 552) shall be furnished to the public as prescribed by this part 1015. A request by an individual for records about himself or herself that are contained in the Commission's system of records under the Privacy Act (5 U.S.C. 552a) will be processed under the Privacy Act and the FOIA. Documents routinely distributed to the public in the normal course of business will continue to be furnished to the public by employees of the Commission informally and without compliance with the procedures prescribed herein. (b) The Commission's policy with respect to requests for records is that disclosure is the rule and withholding is the exception. All records or portions of records not exempt from disclosure will be made available. Records which may be exempted from disclosure will be made available unless: Disclosure is prohibited by law; the Commission reasonably foresees that disclosure would harm an interest protected by an exemption described in 5 U.S.C. 552(b); or disclosure is exempted under 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(3). See Sec. 1015.15(b). Section 6(a)(2) of the Consumer Product Safety Act, 15 U.S.C. 2055(a)(2), prohibits the disclosure of trade secrets or other matters referred to in 18 U.S.C. 1905; section 6(b) and section 25(c) of the CPSA. The Commission will consider the record's age, content, and character in assessing whether it reasonably foresees that disclosure of the document would harm an interest protected by an exemption. Additionally, the Commission will consider whether partial disclosure of information is possible whenever the Commission determines that a full disclosure of a requested record is not possible and will take reasonable steps necessary to segregate and release nonexempt information. (c) Assistant General Counsel, Office of the General Counsel, Division of the Secretariat is the designated Chief Freedom of Information Officer who, subject to the authority of the Chairman, is responsible for compliance with and implementation of 5 U.S.C. 552(j). (d) The General Counsel is the designated authority for the Commission's Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) appeals and is responsible for reviewing and responding to appeals from denials or partial denials of requests for records under this chapter. [82 FR 37007, Aug. 8, 2017, as amended at 86 FR 7503, Jan. 29, 2021] [[Page 39]] Sec. 1015.2 Public inspection. (a) The Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) will maintain in a public reference room or area the materials relating to the CPSC that are required by 5 U.S.C. 552(a)(2) and 552(a)(5) to be made available for public inspection in an electronic format. The principal location will be in the Office of the General Counsel, Division of the Secretariat. The address of this office is: Office of the General Counsel, Division of the Secretariat, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East-West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814. (b) The CPSC will maintain an electronic reading room on the internet at: https://www.cpsc.gov for records that are required by 5 U.S.C. 552(a)(2) to be available by computer telecommunications. Records that the FOIA requires CPSC to make available for public inspection in an electronic format can be accessed through the CPSC's FOIA web page, which is accessible by visiting: https://www.cpsc.gov. (c) Subject to the requirements of section 6 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA), the CPSC will make available for public inspection in an electronic format, copies of all records, regardless of form or format, which: (1) Have been released to any person under 5 U.S.C. 552(a)(3); (2) Because of the nature of their subject matter, the FOIA Office determines have become or are likely to become the subject of subsequent requests for substantially the same records; or (3) Have been requested three or more times. [86 FR 7503, Jan. 29, 2021] Sec. 1015.3 Requests for records. (a) A request for access to records of the Commission shall be in writing addressed to the Chief FOIA Officer and shall be submitted through any of the following methods: The e-FOIA Public Access Link at https://www.cpsc.gov; email to [email protected] mail to Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Room 820, Bethesda, MD 20814; or facsimile to 301-504-0127. Any written request for records covered by this part shall be deemed to be a request for records pursuant to the Freedom of Information Act, whether or not the Freedom of Information Act is mentioned in the request. An oral request for records will not be considered a request for records pursuant to the Freedom of Information Act. Responses to oral requests for records shall be made as promptly as resources and time restraints permit. (b) A request for access to records must reasonably describe the records requested. Where possible, specific information regarding dates, title, file designations, and other information which may help identify the records should be supplied by the requester. If the request relates to a matter in pending litigation, where the Commission is a party, the court and its location should be identified. Where the information supplied by the requester is not sufficient to permit identification and location of the records by Commission personnel without an unreasonable amount of effort, the requester will be contacted and asked to supply the necessary information. Every reasonable effort shall be made by Commission personnel to assist in the identification and location of requested records. Before submitting their requests, requesters may contact the Commission's FOIA contact or FOIA Public Liaison to discuss the records they seek and to receive assistance in describing the records. (c) If it is determined that a request would unduly burden or interfere with the operations of the Commission, the response shall so state and shall extend to the requester an opportunity to confer with appropriate Commission personnel in an attempt to reduce the request to manageable proportions by reformulation and by agreeing on an orderly procedure for the production of the records. (d) If a requested record cannot be located from the information supplied, or is known to have been destroyed or otherwise disposed of, the requester shall be so notified by the Secretariat or delegate of the Chief FOIA Officer. (e) The Consumer Product Safety Commission uses a multitrack system to process requests under the Freedom of Information Act that is based on the [[Page 40]] amount of work and/or time involved in processing requests. Requests for records are processed in the order they are received within each track. Upon receipt of a request for records, the Chief FOIA Officer or delegate of the Chief FOIA Officer will determine which track is appropriate for the request. The Chief FOIA Officer or delegate of the Chief FOIA Officer may contact requesters whose requests do not appear to qualify for the fastest tracks and provide such requesters the opportunity to limit their requests so as to qualify for a faster track. Requesters who believe that their requests qualify for the fastest tracks and who wish to be notified if the Chief FOIA Officer or delegate of the Chief FOIA Officer disagrees may so indicate in the request and, where appropriate and feasible, will also be given an opportunity to limit their requests. [42 FR 10490, Feb. 22, 1977, as amended at 62 FR 46197, Sept. 2, 1997; 82 FR 37008, Aug. 8, 2017; 86 FR 7503, Jan. 29, 2021] Sec. 1015.4 Responses to requests for records; responsibility. The ultimate responsibility for responding to requests for records is vested in the Chief FOIA Officer of the Consumer Product Safety Commission. The Chief FOIA Officer, or the delegate of the Chief FOIA Officer, can respond directly, or forward the request to any other office of the CPSC for response. The Chief FOIA Officer's response shall be in the form set forth in Sec. 1015.7(d), for action on appeal. If no response is made by the FOIA Office within 20 working days, or any extension of the 20-day period, the requester and the General Counsel or the delegate of the General Counsel can take the action specified in Sec. 1015.7(e). [86 FR 7503, Jan. 29, 2021] Sec. 1015.5 Time limitation on responses to requests for records and requests for expedited processing. (a) The Chief FOIA Officer, or the delegate of the Chief FOIA Officer, shall respond to all written requests for records within twenty (20) working days (excepting Saturdays, Sundays, and legal public holidays). The time limitations on responses to requests for records submitted by mail shall begin to run at the time a request for records is received and date-stamped by the Office of the General Counsel, Division of the Secretariat. The Office of the General Counsel, Division of the Secretariat shall date-stamp the request the same day that it receives the request. The time limitations on responses to requests for records submitted electronically during working hours (8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. EST) shall begin to run at the time the request was electronically received, and the time limitations on responses to requests for records submitted electronically during non-working hours will begin to run when working hours resume. (b) The time for responding to requests for records can be extended by the Chief FOIA Officer at the initial stage, or by the General Counsel, at the appellate stage, up to an additional ten (10) working days, under the following unusual circumstances: (1) The need to search for and collect the requested records from field facilities or other establishments that are separate from the Office of the General Counsel, Division of the Secretariat; (2) The need to search for, collect, and appropriately examine a voluminous amount of separate and distinct records that are demanded in a single request; or (3) The need to consult, which shall be conducted with all practicable speed, with another agency having a substantial interest in the determination of the request, or among two or more components of the CPSC having substantial subject matter interest. (c) Any extension of time must be accompanied by written notice to the person making the request, setting forth the reason(s) for such extension, and the time within which a response is expected. (d) If the Chief FOIA Officer at the initial stage, or the General Counsel at the appellate stage, determines that an extension of time greater than ten (10) working days is necessary to respond to a request satisfying the ``unusual circumstances'' specified in paragraph (b) of this section, the Chief FOIA Officer, or the General Counsel, shall notify the requester, and give the requester the opportunity to: [[Page 41]] (1) Limit the scope of the request so that it may be processed within the time limit prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section; or (2) Arrange with the Chief FOIA Officer, or the General Counsel, an alternative time frame for processing the request or a modified request. (e) If an extension of time greater than ten (10) working days is necessary, the Commission shall make available its FOIA Public Liaison for this purpose. A list of the Commission FOIA Public Liaisons is available at https://www.cpsc.gov/Newsroom/FOIA. The Commission will also notify requesters in writing to the availability of the Office of Government Information Services of the National Archives and Records Administration to provide dispute resolution services. (f) The Chief FOIA Officer, or the delegate of the Chief FOIA Officer, may aggregate and process as a single request, requests by the same requester, or a group of requesters acting in concert, if the Chief FOIA Officer, or delegate, reasonably believes that the requests actually constitute a single request that would otherwise satisfy the ``unusual circumstances'' specified in paragraph (b) of this section, and the requests involve clearly related matters. (g) The Chief FOIA Officer, or the delegate of the Chief FOIA Officer, will provide expedited processing of requests in cases where the requester requests expedited processing and demonstrates a compelling need for such processing. (1) The term ``compelling need'' means: (i) That a failure to obtain requested records on an expedited basis could reasonably be expected to pose an imminent threat to the life or physical safety of an individual; or (ii) With respect to a request made by a person primarily engaged in disseminating information, that there is an urgency to inform the public concerning actual or alleged Federal Government activity. (2) Requesters for expedited processing must include in their requests, which may be submitted through any of the methods described in Sec. 1015.3(a), a statement setting forth the basis for the claim that a ``compelling need'' exists for the requested information, certified by the requester to be true and correct to the best of his or her knowledge and belief. (3) The Chief FOIA Officer or the delegate of the Chief FOIA Officer will determine whether to grant a request for expedited processing and will notify the requester of such determination within ten (10) calendar days of receipt of the request. (4) Denials of requests for expedited processing may be appealed to the Office of the General Counsel, as set forth in Sec. 1015.7. The General Counsel will determine expeditiously any such appeal. (5) The Chief FOIA Officer, or the delegate of the Chief FOIA Officer, will process, as soon as is practicable, the documents responsive to a request for which expedited processing is granted. (h) The Chief FOIA Officer may be unable to comply with the time limits set forth in paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section, when disclosure of documents responsive to a request under this part is subject to the requirements of section 6 of the Consumer Product Safety Act, 15 U.S.C. 2055, and the regulations implementing that section, 16 CFR part 1101. The Chief FOIA Officer, or the delegate of the Chief FOIA Officer, will notify requesters whose requests will be delayed for this reason. [42 FR 10490, Feb. 22, 1977, as amended at 62 FR 46197, Sept. 2, 1997; 82 FR 37008, Aug. 8, 2017; 86 FR 7503, Jan. 29, 2021] Sec. 1015.6 Responses: Form and content. (a) When a requested record has been identified and is available for disclosure, the requester shall be supplied with a copy or notified as to where and when the record will be made available for public inspection in an electronic format. If the payment of fees is required the requester shall be advised by the Chief FOIA Officer in writing of any applicable fees under Sec. 1015.9 hereof. The requester will be notified of the right to seek assistance from the Commission's FOIA Public Liaison. (b) A response denying or partially denying a written request for a record shall be in writing, dated, and signed by the Chief FOIA Officer or delegate of the Chief FOIA Officer and shall include: [[Page 42]] (1) The identity of each person responsible for the denial. (2) A reference to the specific exemption or exemptions under the Freedom of Information Act authorizing the withholding of the record with a brief explanation of how the exemption applies to the record withheld; and (3) An estimation of the volume of requested material withheld. When only a portion or portions of a document are withheld, the amount of information deleted shall be indicated on the released portion(s) of the record. When technically feasible, the indication of the amount of material withheld will appear at the place in the document where any deletion is made. Neither an estimation of the volume of requested material nor an indication of the amount of information deleted shall be included in a response if doing so would harm an interest protected by the exemption in 5 U.S.C. 552(b) pursuant to which the material is withheld. (4) A statement that the denial can be appealed to the General Counsel, as specified in Sec. 1015.1(d). Any such appeal must be made within 90 calendar days after the date of the denial or partial denial from the Chief FOIA Officer, or the delegate of the Chief FOIA Officer. (5) A statement that the requester has the right to seek dispute resolution services from the Commission's FOIA Public Liaison or the Office of Government Information Services. (c) If no response is made within twenty (20) working days or any extension thereof, the requester can consider his or her administrative remedies exhausted and seek judicial relief in a United States District Court as specified in 5 U.S.C. 552(a)(4)(B). When it appears that no response can be made to the requester within the applicable time limit, the Chief FOIA Officer or delegate of the Chief FOIA Officer may ask the requester to forego judicial relief until a response can be made. The Chief FOIA Officer or delegate of the Chief FOIA Officer shall inform the requester of the reason for the delay, of the date on which a response may be expected and of his/her right to seek judicial review as specified in 5 U.S.C. 552(a)(4)(B). [42 FR 10490, Feb. 22, 1977, as amended at 62 FR 46197, Sept. 2, 1997; 82 FR 37008, Aug. 8, 2017; 86 FR 7504, Jan. 29, 2021] Sec. 1015.7 Appeals from initial denials. (a) When the Chief FOIA Officer, or the delegate of the Chief FOIA Officer, has denied a request for records, in whole or in part, the requester can, within 90 calendar days after the date of the denial or partial denial, appeal the denial to the General Counsel of the Consumer Product Safety Commission, attention: Division of the Secretariat. Appeals may be submitted through any of the following methods: the e- FOIA Public Access Link at https://www.cpsc.gov; email to: [email protected]; U.S. mail to: 4330 East-West Highway, Room 820, Bethesda, MD 20814; or by facsimile to: 301-504-0127. To facilitate handling, the requester should mark both the appeal letter and envelope, or subject line of the electronic transmission, ``Freedom of Information Act Appeal.'' (b) The General Counsel will act upon an appeal within 20 working days of its receipt. The time limitations on an appeal submitted by mail shall begin to run at the time an appeal is received and date-stamped by the Division of the Secretariat. The Division of the Secretariat will date-stamp the appeal the same day that it receives the appeal. The time limitations on an appeal submitted electronically during working hours (8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. EST) shall begin to run at the time the appeal is received electronically; and the time limitations on appeals submitted electronically during non-working hours will begin to run when working hours resume. (c) After reviewing the appeal, the General Counsel will issue a decision either to grant or deny the appeal, in whole or in part. If the General Counsel decides to grant the appeal in whole or in part, the General Counsel will inform the requester and submitter of the information, in accordance with Sec. Sec. 1015.6(a) and 1015.18(b). Thereafter, the Chief FOIA Officer will provide the records in accordance with the General Counsel's decision. [[Page 43]] (d) The General Counsel shall have the authority to grant or deny all appeals and, as an exercise of discretion, to disclose records exempt from mandatory disclosure under 5 U.S.C. 552(b). In unusual or difficult cases, the General Counsel can, in his/her discretion, refer an appeal to the Chairman for determination. (e) The General Counsel's decision on appeal shall be in writing, shall be signed by the General Counsel, and shall constitute final agency action. A denial in whole or in part of a request on appeal shall set forth the exemption relied upon; a brief explanation, consistent with the purpose of the exemption, of how the exemption applies to the records withheld; and the reasons for asserting it. The decision will inform the requester of the right to seek dispute resolution services from CPSC's FOIA Liaison, or the Office of Government Information Services. A denial in whole or in part shall also inform the requester of his/her right to seek judicial review of the General Counsel's final determination in a United States district court, as specified in 5 U.S.C. 552(a)(4)(B). (f) If no response is made to the requester within 20 working days or any extension thereof, the requester may consider his/her administrative remedies exhausted and seek judicial relief in a United States district court. When no response can be made within the applicable time limit, the General Counsel shall inform the requester of the reason for the delay, of the date by which a response may be expected, and of the requester's right to seek judicial review as specified in 5 U.S.C. 552(a)(4)(B). (g) Copies of all appeals and copies of all actions on appeal shall be furnished to and maintained in a public file by the Office of the General Counsel, Division of the Secretariat. [50 FR 7753, Feb. 26, 1985, as amended at 82 FR 37009, Aug. 8, 2017; 86 FR 7504, Jan. 29, 2021] Sec. 1015.8 Requests received during the course of administrative hearings. [Reserved] Sec. 1015.9 Fees for production of records. (a) The CPSC will provide, at no charge, certain routine information. For other CPSC responses to information requests, the Chief FOIA Officer, or the delegate of the Chief FOIA Officer, shall determine and levy fees for duplication, search, review, and other services, in accordance with this section. (b) Fees shall be paid to the Treasury of the United States according to the directions provided by the Commission. (c) The following definitions shall apply under this section: (1) Direct costs means those expenditures which an agency actually incurs in searching for and duplicating (and in the case of commercial requesters, reviewing) documents to respond to a FOIA request. (2) Search includes all time spent looking for material that is responsive to a request, including page-by-page or line-by-line identification of material within documents and the reasonable efforts expended to locate and retrieve information from electronic records. (3) Duplication refers to the process of making a copy of a document, including electronically, necessary to respond to a FOIA request. The Commission will honor the requester's preference for receiving a record in a particular format when it can readily reproduce it in the form or format requested. (4) Review refers to the process of examining documents located in response to a commercial use request to determine whether any portion of any document located is permitted to be withheld. (5) Commercial use request refers to a request that seeks information for a use or purpose that furthers commercial, trade, or profit interests. (6) Educational institution refers to an entity organized and operated exclusively for educational purposes, whose purpose is scholarly. [[Page 44]] (7) Non-commercial scientific institution refers to an entity organized and operated exclusively for the purpose of conducting scientific research, the results of which are not intended to promote any particular product or industry. (8) Representative of the news media refers to any person or entity that gathers information of potential interest to a segment of the public, uses its editorial skills to turn the raw materials into a distinct work, and distributes that work to an audience. The term ``news'' means information that is about current events or that would be of current interest to the public. Examples of news media entities include television or radio stations that broadcast ``news'' to the public at large and publishers of periodicals that disseminate ``news'' and make their products available through a variety of means to the general public, including news organizations that disseminate solely on the Internet. A request for records supporting the news-dissemination function of the requester will not be considered to be for a commercial use. ``Freelance'' journalists who demonstrate a solid basis for expecting publication through a news media entity will be considered as a representative of the news media. A publishing contract would provide the clearest evidence that publication is expected; however, the Commission can also consider a requester's past publication record in making this determination. These examples are not all-inclusive. (d) A commercial use request may incur charges for duplication, search, and review. The following requests may incur charges only for duplication: A request from an educational institution for records not sought for commercial use; a request from a non-commercial scientific institution for records not sought for commercial use; a request from a representative of the news media. Any other request may incur charges for duplication and search. (e) The following fee schedule will apply: (1) Duplication. (i) Manual photocopies: $0.15 per page. (ii) Computer printouts that are sent from a computer to a printer or photocopier machine: $0.15 per page. (iii) Compact discs, DVDs, or other similar media duplications: Direct-cost basis. The exact fees for duplication of records on these forms of media will be calculated and published annually and are available to the public on the CPSC's FOIA web page at: https:// www.cpsc.gov, and from the Office of the General Counsel, Division of the Secretariat, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East-West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814. (iv) There is no duplication fee for producing records provided to requesters in electronic format, or for pages redacted in full in any format. (v) Requesters can request and be provided records in any format that is readily reproducible by the agency, including electronic format. (vi) When records available only in paper format must be scanned to comply with a requester's preference to receive records in an electronic format, the requester must pay the direct costs of scanning those materials. The exact fees for scanning these materials will be assessed on a quarter-hour basis, will be calculated and published annually, and are available to the public on the CPSC's FOIA web page at: https:// www.cpsc.gov, and from the Office of the General Counsel, Division of the Secretariat, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East-West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814. (2) Searches. Fees for searches are assessed on a quarter-hour basis. The exact fees for searches are calculated and published annually and are available to the public on the CPSC's FOIA web page at: https:// www.cpsc.gov, and from the Office of the General Counsel, Division of the Secretariat, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East-West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814. (i) Manual file searches. Manual search fees are calculated using the basic hourly pay rate of the average grade and step of employees who charged hours in this category (GS 14/7), plus 16 percent to account for the cost of benefits. (ii) Computer searches. Computer search fees are calculated using the basic hourly pay rate of the average grade and step of employees who charged hours in this category (GS 12/ [[Page 45]] 4), plus 16 percent to account for the cost of benefits. (3) Review. Fees for review are assessed on a quarter-hour basis. The exact fee for review is calculated and published annually and is available to the public on the CPSC's FOIA web page at: https:// www.cpsc.gov and from the Office of the General Counsel, Division of the Secretariat, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East- West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814. The review fee is calculated using the basic hourly pay rate of the average grade and step of employees who charged hours in this category (GS 12/9), plus 16 percent to account for the cost of benefits. Fees for reviewing records will only be charged to commercial requesters. (4) Postage. If the requester wants special handling, or if the volume or dimensions of the materials requires special handling, the FOIA Office will charge the direct cost of mailing such requested materials. (5) Other charges. (i) Materials requiring special reproducing or handling, such as photographs, slides, blueprints, video and audio tape recordings, or other similar media: Direct-cost basis. (ii) Any other service: Direct-cost basis. (f) Notice of anticipated fees in excess of $25: (1) When the FOIA Office determines or estimates that the fees to be assessed will exceed $25, the FOIA Office shall promptly notify the requester of the actual or estimated amount of the fees, including a breakdown of the fees for search, review, and duplication, if applicable, and any applicable fee waivers that would apply to the request, unless the requester has indicated a willingness to pay fees as high as those anticipated. The notice shall specify that the requester may confer with agency staff with the objective of reformulating the request to meet the requester's needs at a lower cost. If only a portion of the fee can be estimated readily, the FOIA Office will advise the requester, accordingly. If the request is not from a commercial use requester, the notice shall specify that the requester is entitled to 100 pages of duplication at no charge, and if the requester is charged search fees, 2 hours of search time at no charge. (2) When a requester has been provided notice of anticipated fees in excess of $25, the FOIA Office shall toll processing of the request, and further work will not be completed until the requester commits in writing to pay the actual or estimated total fee, or designates the amount of fees the requester is willing to pay. In the case of a requester who is not a commercial requester, the requester may designate that the requester seeks only those services that can be provided in paragraphs (g)(2) and (3) of this section, without charge. The CPSC is not required to accept payment in installments. (3) If the requester has committed to pay a designated amount of fees, but the FOIA Office determines or estimates that the total fee will exceed that amount, the FOIA Office shall toll processing of the request and notify the requester of the actual or estimated fees in excess of the requester's commitment. The FOIA Office shall inquire whether the requester wishes to revise the amount of fees the requester is willing to pay or wishes to modify the request. Once the requester responds, the administrative time limits in Sec. 1015.5 will resume. (4) The Chief FOIA Officer shall make available the FOIA Public Liaison to assist requesters in reformulating a request to meet the requester's needs at a lower cost. (5) If a requester does not commit in writing to pay the actual or estimated total fee or designate in writing the amount of fees the requester is willing to pay within 30 working days from the date of the notification letter, the request shall be closed. The FOIA Office shall notify the requester that the request has been closed. (6) Any adverse determination made by the Chief FOIA Officer, or the designee of the Chief FOIA Officer, concerning a dispute over actual or estimated fees can be appealed by the requester to the General Counsel, in the manner described at Sec. 1015.7. (g)(1) There are three categories of requesters: Commercial; educational institutions, noncommercial scientific institutions, and representatives of the [[Page 46]] news media; and all other requesters, including members of the general public. Table 1 to Paragraph (g)(1) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Requester category Search Review Duplication ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Commercial (including law firms).. Fee.................. Fee........................... Fee. Educational, noncommercial No Fee............... No Fee........................ Fee after first 100 scientific institutions, or news pages. media. All other requesters (including Fee After First 2 No Fee........................ Fee after first 100 members of the general public). Hours. pages. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (2) Fees shall be assessed as follows: (i) Full fees shall apply to commercial-use requests. (ii) The first 100 pages of duplication shall be free for requests from the categories of educational institutions, noncommercial scientific institutions, representatives of the news media, and all other requesters (including members of the general public). (iii) The first 2 hours of search time shall be free for the category of all other requesters (including members of the general public). (iv) The Chief FOIA Officer, or the designee of the Chief FOIA Officer, shall waive or reduce fees whenever disclosure of the requested information is in the public interest because it is likely to contribute significantly to public understanding of the operations or activities of the Government, and disclosure of the requested information is not primarily in the commercial interest of the requester. (v) In making a determination under paragraph (g)(2)(iv) of this section, the Chief FOIA Officer, or the designee of the Chief FOIA Officer, shall consider the following factors: (A) The subject of the request: Whether the subject of the requested records concerns the operations or activities of the Government. (B) The informative value of the information to be disclosed: Whether the disclosure is likely to contribute to an understanding of Government operations or activities. (C) The contribution to an understanding of the subject by the general public likely to result from disclosure: Whether disclosure of the requested information will contribute to public understanding. (D) The significance of the contribution to public understanding: Whether the disclosure is likely to contribute significantly to public understanding of Government operations or activities. (E) The existence and magnitude of a commercial interest: Whether the requester has a commercial interest that would be furthered by the requested disclosure; and, if so (F) The primary interest in disclosure: Whether the magnitude of the identified commercial interest of the requester is sufficiently large, in comparison with the public interest in disclosure, that disclosure is primarily in the commercial interest of the requester. (vi) Search fees shall not be charged for all requests and duplication fees shall not be charged for requests from educational institutions, noncommercial scientific institutions, and representatives of the news media, if the FOIA Office fails to comply with any time limit under Sec. Sec. 1015.5(a) and (g)(3) and 1015.7(b) and 5 U.S.C. 552(a)(6), other than the exceptions stated in 5 U.S.C. 552(a)(4)(A)(viii)(ll). Those exceptions include: (A) If the FOIA Office has determined that ``unusual circumstances,'' as defined in Sec. 1015.5(b) apply, and the FOIA Office provided timely written notice to the requester, as required by Sec. 1015.5(c) or Sec. 1015.7(f), then failure to comply with the time limit in Sec. Sec. 1015.5(a) and (g)(3) and 1015.7(b) and 5 U.S.C. 552(a)(6) is excused for 10 additional working days; or (B) If the FOIA Office has determined that ``unusual circumstances,'' as defined in Sec. 1015.5(b), apply and more than 5,000 pages are necessary to respond to the request, and the FOIA Office has [[Page 47]] provided timely written notice in accordance with Sec. 1015.5(c) and (e), and the FOIA Office has discussed with the requester via written mail, email, or telephone (or has made not less than three good-faith efforts to do so), how the requester could effectively limit the scope of the request; or (C) If a court has determined that exceptional circumstances exist, as defined in 5 U.S.C. 552(a)(6)(C), then failure to comply with Sec. Sec. 1015.5(a) and (g)(3) and 1015.7(b) and 5 U.S.C. 552(a)(6) shall be excused for the length of time provided by the court order. (vii) No fee will be charged when the total fee is equal to or less than $25. (viii) Any determination made by the Chief FOIA Officer, or the designee of the Chief FOIA Officer, concerning fee reductions or fee waivers may be appealed by the requester to the General Counsel, in the manner described at Sec. 1015.7. (h) Collection of fees shall be in accordance with the following: (1) Interest will be charged on amounts billed, starting on the 31st day following the day on which the requester receives the bill. Interest will be charged at the rate prescribed in 31 U.S.C. 3717. (2) Search fees may be charged, even if no responsive documents are located, or if the search leads to responsive documents that are withheld under an exemption to the Freedom of Information Act. (3) The FOIA Office may aggregate requests, for the purposes of billing, whenever it reasonably believes that a requester, or, on rare occasions, a group of requesters, is attempting to separate a request into more than one request to evade fees. The FOIA Office shall not aggregate multiple requests on unrelated subjects from one requester. (i)(1) For requests other than those described in paragraphs (i)(2) and (3) of this section, the FOIA Office shall not require a requester to make advance payment (i.e., payment made before the FOIA Office commences or continues work on a request). Payment owed for work already completed (i.e., payment before copies are sent to a requester) does not constitute an advance payment for purposes of this part. (2) When the FOIA Office determines or estimates that a total fee to be charged under this section will exceed $250, and the requester has no history of payment, the FOIA Office shall notify the requester of the actual or estimated fee, and may require the requester to make an advance payment of the entire anticipated fee before beginning to process the request. A notice under this paragraph (i)(2) shall offer the requester an opportunity to discuss the matter with FOIA Office staff to modify the request to meet the requester's needs at a lower cost. (3) When a requester has previously failed to pay a properly charged FOIA fee to the CPSC within 30 calendar days of the date of billing, the FOIA Office may notify the requester that the requester is required to pay the full amount owed, plus any applicable interest, and to make an advance payment of the full amount of any anticipated fee, before the FOIA Office begins to process a new request or continues processing a pending request from that requester. (4) When the CPSC FOIA Office requires advance payment, the FOIA Office will not further process the request until the required payment is made. The FOIA Office will toll the processing of the request while it notifies the requester of the advanced payment due, and the administrative time limits in Sec. 1015.5 will begin only after the agency has received the advance payments. If the requester does not pay the advance payment within 30 calendar days from the date of the FOIA Office's fee notice, the FOIA Office will presume that the requester is no longer interested in the records and notify the requester that the request has been closed. [52 FR 28979, Aug. 5, 1987, as amended at 62 FR 46198, Sept. 2, 1997; 82 FR 37009, Aug. 8, 2017; 86 FR 7505, Jan. 29, 2021] [[Page 48]] Sec. 1015.10 [Reserved] Sec. 1015.11 Disclosure of trade secrets to consultants and contractors; nondisclosure to advisory committees and other government agencies. (a) In accordance with section 6(a)(2) of the CPSA, the Commission may disclose information which it has determined to be a trade secret or other matter referred to under 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4) to Commission consultants and contractors for use only in their work for the Commission. Such persons are subject to the same restrictions with respect to disclosure of such information as any Commission employee. (b) In accordance with section 6(a)(2) of the CPSA, the Commission is prohibited from disclosing information which it has determined to be a trade secret or other matter referred to under 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4) to advisory committees, except when required in the official conduct of their business, or to other Federal agencies and state and local governments except when permitted by the provisions of section 29(f) of the CPSA. [82 FR 37010, Aug. 8, 2017] Sec. 1015.12 Disclosure to Congress. (a) All records of the Commission shall be disclosed to Congress upon a request made by the chairman or ranking minority member of a committee or subcommittee of Congress acting pursuant to committee business and having jurisdiction over the matter about which information is requested. (b) An individual member of Congress who requests a record for his or her personal use or on behalf of any constituent shall be subject to the same rules that apply to members of the general public. [42 FR 10490, Feb. 22, 1977, as amended at 52 FR 45632, Dec. 1, 1987; 53 FR 3868, Feb. 10, 1988] Subpart B_Exemptions From Production and Disclosure Under 5 U.S.C. 552(b) Sec. 1015.15 Purpose and scope. (a) The regulations of this subpart provide information concerning the types of records which may be withheld from production and disclosure by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. These regulations also provide information on the method whereby persons submitting information to the Commission may request that the information be considered exempt from disclosure, and information concerning the Commission's treatment of documents submitted with a request that they be treated as exempt from disclosure. (b) No identifiable record requested in accordance with the procedures contained in this part shall be withheld from disclosure unless it falls within one of the classes of records exempt under 5 U.S.C. 552(b). The Commission will make available, to the extent permitted by law, records authorized to be withheld under 5 U.S.C. 552(b) unless the Commission reasonably foresees that disclosure would harm an interest protected by the exemption or disclosure is prohibited by law or otherwise exempted from disclosure under 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(3). In this regard the Commission will not ordinarily release documents that provide legal advice to the Commission concerning pending or prospective litigation where the release of such documents would significantly interfere with the Commission's regulatory or enforcement proceedings. (c) Draft documents that are agency records are subject to release upon request in accordance with this regulation. However, in order to avoid any misunderstanding of the preliminary nature of a draft document, each draft document released will be marked to indicate its tentative nature. Similarly, staff briefing packages, which have been completed but not yet transmitted to the Commission by the Office of the Secretariat are subject to release upon request in accordance with this regulation. Each briefing package or portion thereof released will be marked to indicate that it has not been transmitted to or acted upon by the Commission. In addition, briefing packages, or portions thereof, which the Secretariat upon the advice of the Office of the General Counsel has determined would be released upon request in accordance with this regulation, will be made available for public inspection in an electronic format through the Commission's Web site at https:// [[Page 49]] www.cpsc.gov promptly after the briefing package has been transmitted to the Commissioners by the Office of the Secretariat. Such packages will be marked to indicate that they have not been acted upon by the Commission. (d) The exemptions contained in 5 U.S.C. 552(b) will be interpreted in accordance with the applicable law at the time a request for production or disclosure is considered. [82 FR 37010, Aug. 8, 2017] Sec. Sec. 1015.16-1015.17 [Reserved] Sec. 1015.18 Information submitted to the Commission; request for treatment as exempt material. (a) A person who is submitting information to the Commission, after being notified by the Commission of his/her opportunity to request confidential treatment for information, must accompany the submission with a request that the information be considered exempt from disclosure or indicate that a request will be submitted within 10 working days of the submission. The failure to make a request within the prescribed time limit will be considered an acknowledgment that the submitter does not wish to claim exempt status. (b) A person who has previously submitted information to the Commission, that is now the subject of a Freedom of Information request, after being notified by the Commission of his/her opportunity to request confidential treatment for the information, must submit a request that the information be considered exempt from disclosure within 5 working days from receipt of notification. The failure to make a request within the prescribed time limit will be considered an acknowledgment that the submitter does not wish to claim exempt status. (c) Each request for exemption from disclosure under 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4) as a trade secret or privileged or confidential commercial or financial information must: (1) Specifically identify the exact portion(s) of the document claimed to be confidential; (2) State whether the information claimed to be confidential has ever been released in any manner to a person who was not an employee or in a confidential relationship with the company; (3) State whether the information so specified is commonly known within the industry or is readily ascertainable by outside persons with a minimum of time and effort; (4) State how release of the information so specified would be likely to cause substantial harm to the company's competitive position; and (5) State whether the submitter is authorized to make claims of confidentiality on behalf of the person or organization concerned. (d) Material received with a request that it be considered exempt shall not be maintained in a public file. If, in complying with a request for the disclosure of records, it is determined that some or all of the material relative to the request has been claimed to be exempt from disclosure, the requester will be supplied with a list of this material and informed that those portions found not to be exempt will be made available as soon as possible. (e) No request for exemption from disclosure under 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4) should be made by any person who does not intend in good faith to assist the Commission in the defense of any judicial proceeding that might thereafter be brought to compel the disclosure of information which the Commission has determined to be a trade secret or privileged or confidential commercial or financial information. Sec. 1015.19 Decisions on requests for exemption from disclosure under 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4). (a) The Commission generally will not decide whether material received with a request for exemption from disclosure under 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4) is entitled to be withheld until a request for production or disclosure is made for that information. The determination will be based on the most authoritative judicial interpretations available at the time a request for disclosure or production is considered. Any reasonably segregable portion of a record will be disclosed to any person requesting such record after deletion of any portions determined to be exempt under 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4). The requester will be [[Page 50]] given a brief description of any information found to be exempt. (b) If material received with a request for exemption from disclosure under 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4) is found to be disclosable, in whole or in part, the person submitting the material will be notified in writing and given 10 calendar days from the receipt of the letter to seek judicial relief. In no event, however, will the material be returned to the person submitting it. Subpart C_Disclosure of Commission Accident or Investigation Reports Under 15 U.S.C. 2074(c) Sec. 1015.20 Public availability of accident or investigation reports. (a) Accident or investigation reports made by an officer, employee, or agent of the Commission are available to the public under the procedures set forth in subpart A of this part 1015 unless such reports are subject to exemptions contained in the Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. 552(b)) except that portions identifying any injured person or any person treating such injured person will be deleted in accordance with section 25(c)(1) of the CPSA. Where disclosure of an accident or investigation report is requested by supplying the name of the person injured or other details of a specific accident (other than cases where the report is requested by the injured person or the injured person's legal representative), the Commission will offer to obtain the written consent of the injured party or the injured party's representative to the disclosure of the report without deleting the party's identity. No deletion of identifying portions of such reports or refusal to disclose without the Commission having first obtained written consent shall be considered as a denial by the Commission of disclosure of Commission records. (b) Research reports, demonstration reports, and reports of other related activities of the Commission are available to the public under the procedures set forth in subpart A of this part 1015. [42 FR 10490, Feb. 22, 1977, as amended at 82 FR 37010, Aug. 8, 2017; 86 FR 7507, Jan. 29, 2021] PART 1016_POLICIES AND PROCEDURES FOR INFORMATION DISCLOSURE AND COMMISSION EMPLOYEE TESTIMONY IN PRIVATE LITIGATION--Table of Contents Sec. 1016.1 Purpose and policy. 1016.2 Definition. 1016.3 Disclosure and certification of information and records. 1016.4 Testimony of Commission employees in private litigation. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2051-81; 15 U.S.C. 1261-74; 15 U.S.C. 1191- 1204; 15 U.S.C. 1471-76; 15 U.S.C. 1211-14; 5 U.S.C. 552; and 5 U.S.C. 552a. Source: 53 FR 6594, Mar. 2, 1988, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1016.1 Purpose and policy. (a) The Commission's policy is to make official records available to private litigants, to the fullest extent possible. (b) The Commission's policy and responsibility is to conserve the time of its employees for work on Commission projects and activities. Participation of Commission employees in private litigation, in their official capacities, is generally contrary to this policy and responsibility. In addition, such participation could impair the effectiveness of Commission employees as witness in litigation in which the Commission is directly involved. Sec. 1016.2 Definition. Private litigation refers to any legal proceeding which does not involve the United States government, or any department or agency of the U.S. government, as a party. Sec. 1016.3 Disclosure and certification of information and records. (a) Identifiable information and records in the Commission's possession will be made available to private litigants in accordance with the Commission's Procedures for Disclosure or Production of Information under the Freedom of Information Act (16 CFR part 1015), the Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. 552), sections 6 and 25(c) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2055 and 2074(c)), and any other applicable statutes or regulations. [[Page 51]] (b) The Secretary of the Commission shall certify the authenticity of copies of Commission records. Requests must be in writing and must include the records to be certified. Requests should be sent to: Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207. (c) Any subpoena duces tecum served on a Commission employee will be handled by the Office of the Secretary in conjunction with the Office of the General Counsel. Whenever necessary to prevent the improper disclosure of documents, the General Counsel will take steps, in conjunction with the Department of Justice, to quash such subpoenas or seek protective orders. Sec. 1016.4 Testimony of Commission employees in private litigation. (a) No Commission employee shall testify in his or her official capacity in any private litigation, without express authorization from the Commission's General Counsel. The Commission may, in its discretion, review a decision by the General Counsel to authorize such employee testimony. The General Counsel shall in such instances, where time permits, advise the Commission, on a no objection basis, of the authorization of such employee testimony. (b) If any Commission employee is served with a subpoena seeking testimony in private litigation, he or she must immediately notify the Office of the General Counsel. The Office of the General Counsel, in conjunction with the Department of Justice, will (1) take steps to quash the subpoena or (2) direct the employee to appear in response to the subpoena but refuse to testify on the ground that it is prohibited by this section. (c) If the General Counsel becomes aware of private litigation in which testimony by a Commission employee would be in the interests of the Commission, he or she may authorize such testimony, notwithstanding paragraph (b) of this section. The Commission may, in its discretion, review a decision by the General Counsel to authorize such employee testimony. The General Counsel shall in such instances, where time permits, advise the Commission, on a no objection basis, of the authorization of such employee testimony. Any such testimony must be provided in a way that minimizes the use of Commission resources as much as possible. PART 1017 [RESERVED] PART 1018_ADVISORY COMMITTEE MANAGEMENT--Table of Contents Subpart A_General Provisions Sec. 1018.1 Purpose. 1018.2 Definitions. 1018.3 Policy. 1018.4 Applicability. 1018.5 Advisory Committee Management Officer. Subpart B_Establishment of Advisory Committees 1018.11 Charters. 1018.12 Statutory advisory committees. 1018.13 Non-statutory advisory committees. 1018.14 Non-Commission established advisory committees. 1018.15 Membership composition. 1018.16 Membership selection. 1018.17 Appointments. Subpart C_Operation of Advisory Committees 1018.21 Calling of meetings. 1018.22 Notice of meetings. 1018.23 Designated Commission employee. 1018.24 Agenda. 1018.25 Minutes and meeting reports. 1018.26 Advisory functions. 1018.27 Public participation. 1018.28 Records and transcripts. 1018.29 Appeals under the Freedom of Information Act. Subpart D_Administration of Advisory Committees 1018.31 Support services. 1018.32 Compensation and travel expenses. 1018.33 Change of status. 1018.34 Conflict of interest. 1018.35 Termination of membership. Subpart E_Records, Annual Reports and Audits 1018.41 Agency records on advisory committees. 1018.42 Annual report. 1018.43 Comprehensive review. Subpart F_Termination and Renewal 1018.61 Statutory advisory committees. [[Page 52]] 1018.62 Non-statutory advisory committees. Authority: Sec. 8, Pub. L. 92-463, 86 Stat. 770 (5 U.S.C. App. I). Source: 41 FR 45882, Oct. 18, 1976, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_General Provisions Sec. 1018.1 Purpose. This part contains the Consumer Product Safety Commission's regulations governing the establishment, operations and administration of advisory committees under its jurisdiction. These regulations are issued pursuant to section 8(a) of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (Pub. L. 92-463, 5 U.S.C. App. I), and supplement Executive Order No. 11769 (39 FR 7125 (1974)) and Office of Management and Budget Circular No. A-63 (Rev.) (39 FR 12369 (1974)). Sec. 1018.2 Definitions. (a) Advisory Committee Act or Act means the Federal Advisory Committee Act (Pub. L. 92-463, 5 U.S.C. App. I (1974)). (b) OMB Circular No. A-63 means Office of Management and Budget Circular No. A-63 (Rev.), entitled ``Advisory Committee Management'' (39 FR 12369, April 5, 1974), as amended. (c) Advisory Committee means any committee, board, commission, council, conference, panel, task force or other similar group, or any subcommittee or other subgroup, thereof, which is established or used by the Commission in the interest of obtaining advice or recommendations and which is not composed wholly of full-time officers or employees of the Federal Government. (d) Statutory advisory committee means an advisory committee established or directed to be established by Congress. (e) Non-statutory advisory committee means an advisory committee established by the Commission, including a committee which was authorized, but not established by Congress. (f) Ad hoc advisory committee means a non-continuing, non-statutory advisory committee established by the Commission for the stated purpose of providing advice or recommendations regarding a particular problem which must be resolved immediately or within a limited period of time. (g) Non-Commission established advisory committee means an advisory committee established by a Federal, State, or local instrumentality other than the Commission, or by a private organization or group and utilized by the Commission for advisory services. (h) GSA Secretariat means the Committee Management Secretariat of the General Services Administration. (i) Chairman means the Chairman of the Consumer Product Safety Commission. [41 FR 45882, Oct. 18, 1976, as amended at 46 FR 63248, Dec. 31, 1981] Sec. 1018.3 Policy. In application of this part, Commission officials shall be guided by the Advisory Committee Act, the statutes creating the Commission's advisory committees, and by the directives in Executive Order No. 11769 and OMB Circular No. A-63. Principles to be followed include: (a) Limiting the number of advisory committees to those that are essential and terminating any committee not fulfilling its purpose; (b) Insuring effective use of advisory committees and their recommendations, while assuring that decisional authority is retained by the responsible Commission officers; (c) Providing clear goals, standards, and uniform procedures with respect to the establishment, operation, and administration of advisory committees; (d) Ensuring that adequate information is provided to the public regarding advisory committees; and (e) Ensuring adequate opportunities for access by the public to advisory committee meetings and information. Sec. 1018.4 Applicability. (a) This part shall apply to all advisory committees (whether statutory or non-statutory) subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission. This part also shall apply to ad hoc advisory committees and non-Commission established advisory committees when they are performing advisory services for the Commission. [[Page 53]] (b) Nothing in this part shall apply to any of the following types of organizations: (1) Any local civic group whose primary function is that of rendering a public service with respect to a Federal program; (2) Any state or local government committee, council, board, commission, or similar group established to advise or make recommendations to State or local officials or agencies; (3) Any committee whether advisory, interagency, or intraagency which is composed wholly of full-time officers or employees of the Federal Government; (4) Persons or organizations having contractual relationships with the Commission; and (5) Persons or organizations developing consumer product safety standards under section 7 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2056). (c) This part shall not apply to a committee or other group to the extent that it is specifically exempted by statute from the Federal Advisory Committee Act. [41 FR 45882, Oct. 18, 1976, as amended at 46 FR 63248, Dec. 31, 1981] Sec. 1018.5 Advisory Committee Management Officer. The Chairman shall designate an Advisory Committee Management Officer who shall: (a) Exercise control and supervision over the establishment, procedures, and accomplishments of all advisory committees established or utilized by the Commission; (b) Assemble and maintain the reports, records, and other papers of any such committee during its existence, and carry out, on behalf of the Secretary of the Commission, the provisions of section 552 of Title 5, United States Code (Freedom of Information Act) and the Commission's Procedures for Disclosure or Production of Information Under the Freedom of Information Act (16 CFR part 1015) with respect to such reports, records, and other papers; and (c) Perform such other functions as specified in this part. Subpart B_Establishment of Advisory Committees Sec. 1018.11 Charters. (a) No advisory committee shall meet or take any action until its charter has been filed with the GSA Secretariat in accordance with the requirements of section 9(c) of the Federal Advisory Committee Act. (b) The Advisory Committee Management officer shall have responsibility for the preparation and filing of charters. [41 FR 45882, Oct. 18, 1976, as amended at 46 FR 63249, Dec. 31, 1981] Sec. 1018.12 Statutory advisory committees. The Commission has one statutory advisory committee subject to the Federal Advisory Committee Act. The Toxicological Advisory Board was established by the Commission on December 22, 1978, pursuant to section 20 of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act, as amended (Pub. L. 95-631, 92 Stat. 3747, 15 U.S.C. 1275). [46 FR 63248, Dec. 31, 1981] Sec. 1018.13 Non-statutory advisory committees. (a) In proposing to establish a non-statutory advisory committee, the Commission shall follow the procedural requirements of section 9(a)(2) of the Advisory Committee Act and section 6(a) of OMB Circular No. A-63. (b) A non-statutory advisory committee shall not be established if the proposed function can be performed effectively by Commission personnel, by an existing advisory committee, or by another Federal agency. Sec. 1018.14 Non-Commission established advisory committees. (a) To the extent practicable, the Commission shall utilize advisory committees already established by Federal, State, or local government or by private organizations, rather than establish a new advisory committee or expand the functions of an existing Commission advisory committee. [[Page 54]] (b) In utilizing a non-Commission established advisory committee, Commission officials shall follow the applicable provisions of this part and the requirements of the Advisory Committee Act. Sec. 1018.15 Membership composition. The Toxicological Advisory Board, as specified in section 20 of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act, as amended (Pub. L. 95-631, 92 Stat. 3747, 15 U.S.C. 1275), shall be composed of nine members appointed by the Commission. Each member of the Board shall be qualified by training and experience in one or more fields applicable to the duties of the Board, and at least three of the members of the Board shall be members of the American Board of Medical Toxicology. The Commission will seek a balanced membership, including individuals representative of consumers, government and industry. [46 FR 63248, Dec. 31, 1981] Sec. 1018.16 Membership selection. (a) Whenever new applicants are required for a Commission advisory committee, public notice will be issued in the Federal Register inviting individuals to submit, on or before a specified date, applications or nominations for membership. (b) An applicant for membership on an advisory committee shall disclose all affiliations, either paid or as a volunteer, that bear any relationship to the subject area of product safety or to membership on the advisory committee. This disclosure shall include both current affiliations and relevant past affiliations. (c) The Secretary of the Commission shall, from time to time, appoint a Candidate Evaluation Panel consisting of qualified, staff members of the Commission, including the Advisory Committee Management Officer. (d) The Candidate Evaluation Panel, using selection criteria established by the Commission, shall evaluate all candidates and submit to the Commissioners the names of those candidates it recommends for membership. Where possible, at least three candidates shall be recommended for each appointment to be made. Final selection for membership shall be made by the Commissioners. (e) The membership of each Commission Advisory Committee shall be fairly balanced in terms of geographic location, age, sex, and race. Sec. 1018.17 Appointments. (a) The Chairman shall appoint as members to advisory committees those persons selected by the Commissioners. (b) The term of appointment to an advisory committee shall be for two years, unless otherwise specified by the Commission. To promote maximum participation, an advisory committee member may serve for only one consecutive full term. This subsection shall not be deemed to affect the term of appointment of any present member of an advisory committee in effect on the original effective date of this part, September 24, 1975. (c) A vacancy that occurs during the term of an appointment normally will be filled by the Commission from the applications or nominations on file. Appointment to any such vacancy will be for the unexpired portion of the original appointment. Appointees to such an unexpired term may be reappointed for a full two-year term. (d) Notwithstanding paragraphs (b) and (c) above, members of the Toxicological Advisory Board shall be appointed for terms of three years. Members may be reappointed for a subsequent three-year term. Any vacancy on the Board shall be filled in the same manner in which the original appointment was made. Any person appointed to fill a vacancy occurring before the expiration of the term for which his or her predecessor was appointed shall serve only for the remainder of such term. [41 FR 45882, Oct. 18, 1976, as amended at 43 FR 60876, Dec. 29, 1978] Subpart C_Operation of Advisory Committees Sec. 1018.21 Calling of meetings. Advisory committees shall, as a general rule, meet four times per year, except that, as provided by statute, the Toxicological Advisory Board shall meet not less than two times each [[Page 55]] year. No advisory committee shall hold a meeting without advance approval of the Chairman or the Commission official designated under Sec. 1018.23(a). Before giving such advance approval, the Chairman or Commission official shall notify the Commission of the date of the proposed meeting. [41 FR 45822, Oct. 18, 1976, as amended at 43 FR 60876, Dec. 29, 1978] Sec. 1018.22 Notice of meetings. (a) Meetings shall be called by written and/or oral notice to all members of the advisory committee. (b) Notice of each advisory committee meeting shall be published in the Federal Register as well as other means to give widespread public notice, at least 15 calendar days before the date of the meeting, except that shorter notice may be provided in emergency situations. Reasons for such emergency exceptions shall be made part of the meeting notice. (c) A meeting notice shall include: (1) The official designation of the committee; (2) The address and site of the meeting; (3) The time of the meeting; (4) The purpose of the meeting, including where appropriate, a summary of the agenda; (5) Whether, or the extent to which, the public will be permitted to attend or participate; (6) An explanation of how any person who wishes to do so may file a written statement with the committee before, during, or after the meeting; and (7) The procedure by which a public attendee may present an oral statement or question to members of the committee. Sec. 1018.23 Designated Commission employee. (a) The Chairman shall designate a member of the Commission or other Commission officer or employee to chair or attend each meeting of each advisory committee. (b) Unless otherwise provided in the statute creating a statutory advisory committee, the committee normally will be chaired, on a rotating basis, by a member of the Commission. (c) No advisory committee shall conduct any meeting in the absence of the officer or employee designated under paragraph (a) of this section. (d) The officer or employee designated under paragraph (a) of this section is authorized to adjourn any advisory committee meeting whenever he or she determines adjournment to be in the public interest. Sec. 1018.24 Agenda. Prior to each advisory committee meeting, the Advisory Committee Management Officer shall prepare and, after approval by the officer or employee designated under Sec. 1018.23 (a), shall distribute to each committee member the agenda for that meeting. The agenda for a meeting shall list the matters to be discussed at the meeting and shall indicate whether and when any part of the meeting will concern matters which are exempt from public disclosure under the Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. 552(b) or section 6(a)(2) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2045(a)(2)). Sec. 1018.25 Minutes and meeting reports. (a) The Advisory Committee Management Officer shall be responsible for the preparation of detailed minutes of each meeting of each advisory committee. The minutes shall include at least the following: (1) The time and place of the meeting; (2) A list of advisory committee members and staff and Commission employees present at the meeting; (3) A complete summary of all matters discussed and conclusions reached; (4) Copies of all reports received, issued, or approved by the advisory committee; and (5) A description of public participation, including a list of members of the public who presented oral or written statements and an estimate of the number of members of the public who attended the meeting. (b) The chairman of the advisory committee shall certify the accuracy of the minutes. (c) Whenever a non-Commission established committee convenes and, at the request of the Commission, a portion of the session is allocated to the [[Page 56]] rendering of advisory services to the Commission, the Advisory Committee Management Officer shall attend and prepare minutes for that portion of the meeting in accordance with this section. (d) In addition to the information required by subsection (a) of this section, the minutes of the Toxicological Advisory Board shall specify the reasons for all conclusions reached and, where conclusions are not unanimous, the Board is encouraged to submit minority or dissenting opinions. [41 FR 45882, Oct. 18, 1976, as amended at 43 FR 60876, Dec. 29, 1978] Sec. 1018.26 Advisory functions. (a) Unless otherwise specifically provided by statute, advisory committees shall be utilized solely for advisory functions. (b) The Commission shall ensure that the advice and recommendations of advisory committees shall not be in-appropriately influenced by the Commission, its staff, or by any special interest, but will be the result of the advisory committee's independent judgment. Sec. 1018.27 Public participation. (a) The Commission is committed to a policy of encouraging public participation in its activities and will hold all advisory committee meetings open to the public. (b) The guidelines in section 8(c) of OMB Circular A-63 shall be followed in providing public access to advisory committee meetings. Sec. 1018.28 Records and transcripts. (a) Subject to section 552 of title 5, United States Code (Freedom of Information Act) and 16 CFR part 1015 (Commission's Procedures for Disclosure or Production of Information under the Freedom of Information Act), the records, reports, transcripts, minutes, appendices, working papers, drafts, studies, agendas or other documents which were made available to or prepared for or by an advisory committee shall be made available for public inspection and copying in the Commission's Office of the Secretary. (b) Advisory Committee documents shall be made available until the advisory committee ceases to exist. Disposition of the advisory committee documents shall be determined by the Secretary of the Commission at that time. Sec. 1018.29 Appeals under the Freedom of Information Act. Appeals from the denial of access to advisory committee documents shall be considered in accordance with the Commission's Procedures for Disclosure or Production of Information under the Freedom of Information Act (16 CFR part 1015). Subpart D_Administration of Advisory Committees Sec. 1018.31 Support services. Unless the statutory authority for a particular advisory committee provides otherwise, the Advisory Committee Management Officer shall be responsible for providing and overseeing all necessary support services for each advisory committee established by or reporting to the Commission. Support services include providing committee staff, meeting rooms, supplies, and funds, including funds for the publication of reports. Sec. 1018.32 Compensation and travel expenses. (a) A single rate of compensation will be offered to members of all advisory committees with the exception of government employees and those individuals whose company or organization prohibits such payment. This rate shall be $100 per day for each day in attendance at the meeting and for each day of travel. (b) The Commission shall determine per diem and travel expenses for members, staffs, and consultants in accordance with section 7(d) of the Advisory Committee Act and section 11 of OMB Circular No. A-63. (c) Members of advisory committees, while engaged in the performance of their duties away from their homes or regular place of business, may be allowed travel expenses including per diem in lieu of expenses as authorized by 5 U.S.C. 5703. [[Page 57]] Sec. 1018.33 Change of status. Any advisory committee member who changes his or her affiliation or who assumes an additional affiliation, so as to actually or potentially affect his or her representational capacity on an advisory committee (upon which the member's application was based), shall immediately notify, in writing, the Advisory Committee Management Officer. Such notification shall include all relevant information concerning the change in affiliation and a statement by the member expressing his or her opinion regarding the implications of such change. The notification and any other relevant information shall be evaluated by the Commissioners to determine the appropriateness of the member's continued membership on the advisory committee. Sec. 1018.34 Conflict of interest. Members of the Commission's statutory advisory committees are not legally subject to the standards of conduct and conflict of interest statutes and regulations applicable to Commission employees. However, it is important to avoid situations in which a member of an advisory committee has an actual or apparent conflict of interest between the member's private interests (or the interests of the member's organization) and the member's interest in properly performing his or her duties as an advisory committee member. To preclude any such actual or apparent conflict of interest, committee members shall be subject to the following guidelines: (a) Committee members should not personally participate, either for themselves or on behalf of an organization, in negotiations, or the preparation of negotiations, for contracts with or grants from the Commission. Nor should committee members, either as an individual or on behalf of an organization, become personally involved in the performance of work under such a negotiated contract or grant awarded by the Commission. Committee members may participate in preparing bids for and performing work under advertised contracts where price is the single factor in the determination of award. (b) Committee members should not become personally involved in the preparation or submission of a proposal to develop a safety standard or regulation under any of the Acts administered by the Commission. (c) Committee members representing anyone in a professional capacity in a proceeding before the Commission should, pursuant to paragraph (e) and (f) of this section, advise the committee chairperson and the other members of the committee on which he or she serves of the representation prior to the committee's discussion regarding that proceeding. Where the chairperson of the committee determines that the representation involves a conflict or the appearance of a conflict of interest, the member will be asked to withdraw from the discussion of the proceeding. In circumstances where withdrawal from the committee's discussion or consideration of the matter is determined by the Commission to be insufficient to avoid a conflict or apparent conflict of interest, continued representation may be considered incompatible with membership on the committee. (d) Committee members should exercise caution to ensure that their public statements are not interpreted to be official policy statements of the Commission. (e) Committee members shall disclose to the committee chairperson and to the other members of the committee on which he or she serves, any special interest in a particular proceeding or matter then pending before the committee which in any way may affect that member's position, views or arguments on the particular proceeding or matter. The disclosure shall be made orally prior to the commencement of the discussion. ``Special interest'' is not intended to include a member's general interest in presenting a position, views, or arguments in his or her representational capacity. (f) Where the chairperson of the committee determines that the disclosure referred to in paragraph (e) of this section reveals a conflict or apparent conflict of interest with respect to a member's involvement in the committee's consideration or discussion of a particular matter, the member will be [[Page 58]] asked to withdraw from the discussion of the matter. (g) The provisions of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section do not apply to state and local government officers and employees. Sec. 1018.35 Termination of membership. Advisory committee membership may be terminated at any time upon a determination by the Commission that such action is appropriate. Subpart E_Records, Annual Reports and Audits Sec. 1018.41 Agency records on advisory committees. (a) In accordance with section 12(a) of the Advisory Committee Act, the Advisory Committee Management Officer shall maintain, in the Office of the Secretary, records which will fully disclose the nature and extent of the activities of each advisory committee established or utilized by the Commission. (b) The records shall include a current financial report itemizing expenditures and disclosing all funds available for each advisory committee during the current fiscal year. (c) The records shall also include a complete set of the charters of the Commission's advisory committee and copies of the annual reports on advisory committees. Sec. 1018.42 Annual report. (a) The Advisory Committee Management Officer shall prepare an annual report on the Commission's advisory committees for inclusion in the President's annual report to Congress as required by section 6(c) of the Advisory Committee Act. This report shall be prepared and submitted in accordance with General Services Administration guidelines (39 FR 44814, December 27, 1974). (b) Results of the annual comprehensive review of advisory committee made under Sec. 1018.43 shall be included in the annual report. Sec. 1018.43 Comprehensive review. A comprehensive review of all Commission established or utilized advisory committees shall be made annually in accordance with section 10 of the GSA Circular No. A-63, as amended, and shall be submitted to the GSA Secretariat by November 30 of each year. [41 FR 45882, Oct. 18, 1976, as amended at 46 FR 63249, Dec. 31, 1981] Subpart F_Termination and Renewal Sec. 1018.61 Statutory advisory committees. A new charter shall be filed for each statutory advisory committee in accordance with section 9(c) of the Advisory Committee Act and Sec. 1018.11 upon the expiration of each successive two-year period following the date of enactment of the statute establishing or requiring the establishment of the committee. Sec. 1018.62 Non-statutory advisory committees. (a) Each non-statutory advisory committee established by the Commission after the effective date of this part shall terminate not later than two years after its establishment unless prior to that time it is renewed in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section. (b) Each non-statutory advisory committee which is renewed by the Commission shall terminate not later than two years after its renewal unless prior to that time it is again renewed in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section. (c) Before a non-statutory advisory committee can be renewed by the Commission, the chairman shall inform the GSA Secretariat by letter not more than 60 days nor less than 30 days before the committee expires of the following: (1) His or her determination that renewal is necessary and is in the public interest; (2) The reasons for his or her determination; (3) The Commission's plan to attain balanced membership of the committee, and; (4) An explanation of why the committee's functions cannot be performed by the Commission or by another existing advisory committee. [[Page 59]] (d) If the GSA Secretariat concurs, the Chairman shall certify in writing that the renewal of the advisory committee is in the public interest and shall publish notice of the renewal in the Federal Register and shall file a new charter. [41 FR 45882, Oct. 18, 1976, as amended at 46 FR 63249, Dec. 31, 1981] PART 1019_EXPORT OF NONCOMPLYING, MISBRANDED, OR BANNED PRODUCTS-- Table of Contents Subpart A_Procedures for Export of Noncomplying, Misbranded, or Banned Products Sec. 1019.1 Purpose, applicability, and exemptions. 1019.2 Definitions. 1019.3 General requirements for notifying the Commission. 1019.4 Procedures for notifying the Commission; content of the notification. 1019.5 Time notification must be made to Commission; reductions of time. 1019.6 Changes to notification. 1019.7 Commission notification of foreign governments. 1019.8 Confidentiality. Subpart B_Statement of Policy and Interpretation Concerning Export of Noncomplying, Misbranded, or Banned Products 1019.31 Purpose and scope. 1019.32 Statutory provisions. 1019.33 Statement of policy and interpretation. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 1196, 1202, 1263, 1264, 1273, 2067, 2068. Source: 61 FR 29647, June 12, 1996, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_Procedures for Export of Noncomplying, Misbranded, or Banned Products Sec. 1019.1 Purpose, applicability, and exemptions. (a) Purpose. The regulations in this subpart A of this part 1019 establish the procedures exporters must use to notify the Consumer Product Safety Commission of their intent to export from the United States products which are banned or fail to comply with an applicable safety standard, regulation, or statute. These regulations also set forth the procedures the Commission uses in transmitting the notification of export of noncomplying products to the country to which those products will be sent. The Consumer Product Safety Act Authorization Act of 1978 (Pub. L. 95-631), which became effective November 10, 1978, established these notification requirements and authorizes the Commission to issue regulations to implement them. (b) Applicability. These regulations apply to any person or firm which exports from the United States and item which is: (1) A consumer product that does not conform to an applicable consumer product safety rule issued under sections 7 and 9 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2056, 2058), or which has been declared to be a banned hazardous product under provisions of sections 8 and 9 of that Act (15 U.S.C. 2057, 2058); or (2) A misbranded hazardous substance or a banned hazardous substance within the meaning of sections 2(p) and 2(q) of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (15 U.S.C. 1261); or (3) A fabric or related material or an item of wearing apparel or interior furnishing made of fabric or related material which fails to conform with an applicable flammability standard or regulations issued under section 4 of the Flammable Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C. 1191, 1193). (c) Exemption for certain items with noncomplying labeling. The exporter of an item that fails to comply with a standard or regulation only because it is labeled in a language other than English need not notify the Commission prior to export if the product is labeled with the required information in the language of the country to which the product will be sent. (d) Exemption for samples. The exporter of an item that fails to comply with a standard or regulation, but which is intended for use only as a sample and not for resale, need not notify the Commission prior to export, if the item is conspicuously and labeled in English with the statement: ``Sample only. Not for resale.'' (The Commission encourages exporters to provide [[Page 60]] this label, in addition, in the language of the importing country, but does not require the foreign language labeling.) To qualify as a sample shipment under this exemption, the quantity of goods involved must be consistent with prevalent trade practices with respect to the specific product. (e) Exemption for items not in child-resistant packaging. The exporter of an item which is a ``misbranded hazardous substance'' within the meaning of section 2(p) of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (15 U.S.C. 1261(p)) only because it fails to comply with an applicable requirement for child-resistant packaging under the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 (15 U.S.C. 1471 et seq.) need not notify the Commission prior to export. Sec. 1019.2 Definitions. As used in this subpart A of this part 1019: (a) Consignee means the person, partnership, corporation or entity in a foreign country to whom noncomplying goods are sent; (b) Export means to send goods outside the United States or United States possessions for purposes of trade, except the term does not apply to sending goods to United States installations located outside the United States or its possessions; (c) Exporter means the person, partnership, corporation or entity that initiates the export of noncomplying goods; (d) Noncomplying goods means any item described in Sec. 1019.1(b), except for those items excluded from the requirements of these regulations by Sec. 1019.1 (c), (d), and (e). Sec. 1019.3 General requirements for notifying the Commission. Not less than 30 days before exporting any noncomplying goods described in Sec. 1019.1(b), the exporter must file a statement with the Consumer Product Safety Commission, as described in Sec. Sec. 1019.4 and 1019.5 of this subpart A. The exporter need not notify the Commission about the export of items described in Sec. 1019.1 (c), (d), or (e). As described in Sec. 1019.5, the exporter may request the Commission to allow the statement to be filed between 10 and 29 days before the intended export, and the request may be granted for good cause. Sec. 1019.4 Procedures for notifying the Commission; content of the notification. (a) Where notification must be filed. The notification of intent to export shall be addressed to the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207. (b) Coverage of notification. An exporter must file a separate notification for each country to which noncomplying goods are to be exported. Each notification may include a variety of noncomplying goods being shipped to one country. The notification may include goods intended to be shipped to one country in any one year, unless the Assistant Executive Director of Compliance directs otherwise in writing. (c) Form of notification. The notification of intent to export must be in writing and must be entitled: ``Notification of Intent to Export Noncomplying Goods to [indicate name of country].'' The Commission has no notification forms, but encourages exporters to provide the required information in the order listed in paragraphs (d) and (e) of this section. (d) Content of notification; required information. The notification of intent to export shall contain the information required by this subsection. If the notification covers a variety of noncomplying goods the exporter intends to export to one country, the information required below must be clearly provided for each class of goods, and may include an estimate of the information required in paragraphs (d) (3) and (5) of this section. The required information is: (1) Name, address and telephone number of the exporter; (2) Name and address of each consignee; (3) Quantity and description of the goods to be exported to each consignee, including brand or trade names or model or other identifying numbers; (4) Identification of the standards, bans, regulations and statutory provisions applicable to the goods being exported, and an accurate description of [[Page 61]] the manner in which the goods fail to comply with applicable requirements; and (5) Anticipated date of shipment and port of destination. (e) Optional information. In addition to the information required by paragraph (d) of this section, the notification of intent to export may contain, at the exporter's option, the following information: (1) Copies of any correspondence from the government of the country of destination of the goods indicating whether the noncomplying goods may be imported into that country; and (2) Any other safety-related information that the exporter believes is relevant or useful to the Commission or to the government of the country of intended destination. (f) Signature. The notification of intent to export shall be signed by the owner of the exporting firm if the exporter is a sole- proprietorship, by a partner if the exporter is a partnership, or by a corporate officer if the exporter is a corporation. Sec. 1019.5 Time notification must be made to Commission; reductions of time. (a) Time of notification. The notification of intent to export must be received by the Commission's Assistant Executive Director for Compliance at least 30 days before the noncomplying goods are to leave the customs territory of the United States. If the notification of intent to export includes more than one shipment of noncomplying goods to a foreign country, the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance must receive the notification at least 30 days before the first shipment of noncomplying goods is to leave the customs territory of the United States. (b) Incomplete notification. Promptly after receiving notification of intent to export, the Assistant Executive Director will inform the exporter if the notification of intent to export is incomplete and will described which requirements of Sec. 1019.4 are not satisfied. The Assistant Executive Director may inform the exporter that the 30-day advance notification period will not begin until the Assistant Executive Director receives all the required information. (c) Requests for reduction in 30-day notification requirement. Any exporter may request an exemption from the requirement of 30-day advance notification of intent to export by filing with the Commission's Assistant Executive Director for Compliance (Washington, DC 20207) a written request that the time be reduced to a time between 10 and 30 days before the intended export. The request for reduction in time must be received by the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance at least 3 working days before the exporter wishes the reduced time period to begin. The request must: (1) Be in writing; (2) Be entitled ``Request for Reduction of Time to File Notification of Intent to Export Noncomplying Goods to [indicate name of country]''; (3) Contain a specific request for the time reduction requested to a time between 10 and 30 days before the intended export); and (4) Provide reasons for the request for reduction in time. (d) Response to requests for reduction of time. The Assistant Executive Director for Compliance has the authority to approve or disapprove requests for reduction of time. The Assistant Executive Director shall indicate the amount of time before export that the exporter must provide the notification. If the request is not granted, the Assistant Executive Director shall explain the reasons in writing. Sec. 1019.6 Changes to notification. If the exporter causes any change to any of the information required by Sec. 1019.4, or learns of any change to any of that information, at any time before the noncomplying goods reach the country of destination, the exporter must notify the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance within two working days after causing or learning of such change, and must state the reason for any such change. The Assistant Executive Director will promptly inform the exporter whether the 30-day advance notification period will be discontinued, and whether the exporter must take any other steps to comply [[Page 62]] with the advance notification requirement. Sec. 1019.7 Commission notification of foreign governments. After receiving notification from the exporter, or any changes in notification, the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance shall inform on a priority basis the appropriate government agency of the country to which the noncomplying goods are to be sent of the exportation and the basis on which the goods are banned or fail to comply with Commission standards, regulations, or statutes, and shall send all information supplied by the exporter in accordance with Sec. 1019.4(d). The Assistant Executive Director shall also enclose any information supplied in accordance with Sec. 1019.4(e), but he or she may also state that the Commission disagrees with or takes no position on its content, including its relevance or accuracy. The Assistant Executive Director shall take whatever other action is necessary to provide full information to foreign countries and shall also work with and inform the U.S. State Department and foreign embassies and international organizations, as appropriate. The Assistant Executive Director shall also seek acknowledgment of the notification from the foreign government. Foreign governments intending to prohibit entry of goods that are the subject of a notification from the Commission should initiate action to prevent such entry and should notify the exporter directly of that intent. Sec. 1019.8 Confidentiality. If the exporter believes any of the information submitted should be considered trade secret or confidential commercial or financial information, the exporter must request confidential treatment, in writing, at the time the information is submitted or must indicate that a request will be made within 10 working days. The Commission's regulations under the Freedom of Information Act, 16 CFR part 1015, govern confidential treatment of information submitted to the Commission. Subpart B_Statement of Policy and Interpretation Concerning Export of Noncomplying, Misbranded, or Banned Products Sec. 1019.31 Purpose and scope. (a) This subpart B of this part 1019 states the policy of the Consumer Product Safety Commission and its interpretation of the Consumer Product Safety Act and the Federal Hazardous Substances Act with regard to exportation of products which have been sold, offered for sale, or distributed in commerce for use in the United States which: (1) Fail to comply with an applicable consumer product safety standard or banning rule issued under provisions of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2051 et seq.); or (2) Are ``misbranded hazardous substances'' or ``banned hazardous substances'' as those terms are used in the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (15 U.S.C. 1261 et seq.). (b) The policy expressed in this subpart B of part 1019 does not apply to any of the following products: (1) Products which could be regulated only under provisions of the Consumer Product Safety Act but which are not subject to a consumer product safety standard or banning rule issued under that Act. (2) Consumer products which are subject to and fail to comply with an applicable standard or banning rule issued under provisions of the Consumer Product Safety Act but which have never been distributed in commerce for use in the United States. See section 18(b) of the Consumer Product Safety Act 15, U.S.C. 2067(b), and subpart A of this part 1019 for requirements governing export of such products.) (3) Products which could be regulated under one or more sections of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act but which are neither ``misbranded hazardous substances'' nor ``banned hazardous substances'' as those terms are used in the Act. (4) Products which are ``misbranded hazardous substances'' or ``banned hazardous substances'' as those terms are [[Page 63]] used in the Federal Hazardous Substances Act but which have never been sold or offered for sale in domestic commerce. (See sections 5(b) and 14(d) of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (15 U.S.C. 1264(b) and 1273(d) and subpart A of this part 1019 for requirements governing export of such products.) (5) Products for which the Commission has granted an exemption from an applicable standard, ban, or labeling requirement under the CPSA, FHSA, or FFA, in accordance with provisions of 16 CFR 1009.9. (These products remain subject to the notification requirements of subpart A of this part 1019.) (6) Products which fail to comply with an applicable standard of flammability issued under provisions of the Flammable Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C. 1191 et seq.). The Commission's policy regarding export of such products is set forth in the Commission's Memorandum Decision and Order In the Matter of Imperial Carpet Mills, Inc., CPSC Docket No. 80-2, July 7, 1983, and allows export without regard to whether the products have been distributed in domestic commerce. (See section 15 of the Flammable Fabrics Act, 15 U.S.C. 1202, and subpart A of this part 1019 for requirements governing export of such products.) Sec. 1019.32 Statutory provisions. (a) Section 18(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2057(a)) states: This Act [the Consumer Product Safety Act] shall not apply to any consumer product if: (1) It can be shown that such product is manufactured, sold, or held for sale for export from the United States (or that such product was imported for export), unless (A) such consumer product is in fact distributed in commerce for use in the United States, or (B) the Commission determines that exportation of such product presents an unreasonable risk of injury to consumers within the United States, and (2) such consumer product when distributed in commerce, or any container in which it is enclosed when so distributed, bears a stamp or label stating that such consumer product is intended for export; except that this Act shall apply to any consumer product manufactured for sale, offered for sale, or sold for shipment to any installation of the United States located outside of the United States. (b) Section 4 of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (15 U.S.C. 1263) states in part: The following acts and the causing thereof are hereby prohibited: (a) The introduction or delivery for introduction into interstate commerce of any misbranded hazardous substance or banned hazardous substance. * * * (c) The receipt in interstate commerce of any misbranded hazardous substance or banned hazardous substance and the delivery or proffered delivery thereof for pay or otherwise. (c) Section 5(b) of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (15 U.S.C. 1264(b)) provides in part: No person shall be subject to the penalties of this section * * * (3) for having violated subsection (a) or (c) of section 4 with respect to any hazardous substance shipped or delivered for shipment for export to any foreign country, in a package marked for export on the outside of the shipping container and labeled in accordance with the specifications of the foreign purchaser and in accordance with the laws of the foreign country, but if such hazardous substance is sold or offered for sale in domestic commerce, or if the Consumer Product Safety Commission determines that exportation of such substance presents an unreasonable risk of injury to persons residing within the United States, this clause shall not apply. Sec. 1019.33 Statement of policy and interpretation. (a) In its enforcement of the Consumer Product Safety Act, the Commission interprets the provisions of that Act to prohibit the export of products which fail to comply with an applicable consumer product safety standard or banning rule issued under that Act if those products have at any time been distributed in commerce for use in the United States. (b) In its enforcement of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act, the Commission interprets the provisions of the Act to prohibit the export of products which are misbranded substances or banned hazardous substances as those terms are used in that Act if those products have at any time been sold or offered for sale in domestic commerce. PART 1020_SMALL BUSINESS--Table of Contents Sec. 1020.1 Why is the Commission issuing this rule? [[Page 64]] 1020.2 What is the definition of ``small business''? 1020.3 What are the qualifications and duties of the Small Business Ombudsman? 1020.4 What is the Small Business Program? 1020.5 What is the Small Business Enforcement Policy? Authority: 5 U.S.C. 601 note. Source: 61 FR 52878, Oct. 9, 1996, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1020.1 Why is the Commission issuing this rule? (a) To state the Commission's policies on small businesses; (b) To assure that the Commission continues to treat small businesses fairly; (c) To assure that small businesses do not bear a disproportionate share of any burden or cost created by a Commission regulatory, enforcement, or other action; and (d) To assure that small businesses are given every opportunity to participate fully in the Commission's regulatory process. Sec. 1020.2 What is the definition of ``small business''? As used in this part, the term small business means any entity that is either a small business, small organization, or small governmental jurisdiction, as those terms are defined at 5 U.S.C. 601(3), (4), and (5), respectively. Sec. 1020.3 What are the qualifications and duties of the Small Business Ombudsman? (a) The Chairman will appoint a senior, full-time Commission employee as Small Business Ombudsman. The Ombudsman must: (1) Have a working knowledge of the Commission's statutes and regulations; (2) Be familiar with the industries and products that the Commission regulates; (3) Develop a working knowledge of the regulatory problems that small businesses experience; (4) Perform the Ombudsman duties in addition to, and consistently with, other Commission responsibilities; and (5) Not work in the Office of Compliance or Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction. (b) The duties of the Small Business Ombudsman will include, but not be limited to, the following: (1) Developing and implementing a program to assist small businesses that is consistent with Sec. 1020.4; (2) Working to expedite Commission responses to small businesses and providing information, guidance, and technical assistance to small businesses; (3) Performing a review, at least twice a year, of the Commission's regulatory agenda for actions likely to have a significant impact on small businesses; and (4) Pursuing the interests of small businesses by maintaining a working relationship with appropriate officials in the Small Business Administration, in national trade associations that represent small businesses, and in the Commission. Sec. 1020.4 What is the Small Business Program? (a) Whenever the Commission is aware of the interests of small businesses, it will consider those interests before taking any action that will likely have a significant effect on small businesses. (b) Small businesses may request and receive special assistance from the Commission, as appropriate and consistent with Commission resources. Examples of such assistance are: (1) Small businesses may contact the Small Business Ombudsman to obtain information about Commission statutes, regulations, or programs; to obtain technical assistance; to determine who in the agency has particular expertise that might be helpful to the small business; or to help expedite a small business's request. (2) Small businesses may request assistance from the Commission by using the small business extension on the Commission's hotline telephone system. The number is 1-800-638-2772, extension 234. (3) The Small Business Ombudsman will directly provide small businesses with the requested assistance, or will direct the small business to the appropriate Commission staff for help. (c) Whenever the Commission issues a final regulatory flexibility analysis [[Page 65]] for a rule, under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 604), the Commission will publish a compliance guide for small businesses. The guide will explain in easy-to-understand language what action a small business must take to comply with the rule. (d) The Commission may take other appropriate actions to assist small businesses, but such actions will not treat any other Commission constituent unfairly. Sec. 1020.5 What is the Small Business Enforcement Policy? (a) When appropriate, the Commission will, subject to all applicable statutes and regulations and paragraph (b) of this section: (1) Waive or reduce civil penalties for violations of a statutory or regulatory requirement by a small business and/or (2) Consider a small business's ability to pay in determining a penalty assessment against that small business, (b) The Commission may decline to waive civil penalties or consider a small business's ability to pay, under paragraph (a) of this section, when one or more of the following circumstances applies: (1) The small business's violations posed serious health or safety threats. (2) The small business was subject to multiple enforcement actions by the Commission. (3) The small business's violations involved willful or criminal conduct. (4) The small business failed to correct violations within a reasonable time. (5) The small business failed to make a good faith effort to comply with the law. (6) The small business acted in any other way that would make it unfair or inappropriate for the Commission to provide a benefit under paragraph (a) of this section. PART 1021_ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW--Table of Contents Subpart A_General Sec. 1021.1 Purpose. 1021.2 Policy. 1021.3 Definitions. 1021.4 Overview of environmental review process for CPSC actions. 1021.5 Categories of CPSC actions. Subpart B_Procedures 1021.6 Responsible official. 1021.7 Coordination of environmental review with CPSC procedures. 1021.8 Legislative proposals. 1021.9 Public participation, notice, and comment. 1021.10 Emergencies. 1021.11 Information regarding NEPA compliance. Subpart C_Contents of Environmental Review Documents 1021.12 Environmental assessment. 1021.13 Finding of no significant impact. 1021.14 Environmental impact statement. Authority: 42 U.S.C 4321-4347; 40 CFR part 1500 et seq. Source: 45 FR 69434, Oct. 21, 1980, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_General Sec. 1021.1 Purpose. This part contains Consumer Product Safety Commission procedures for review of environmental effects of Commission actions and for preparation of environmental impact statements (EIS) and related documents. These procedures supersede any Commission procedures previously applicable. The procedures provide for identification of effects of a proposed action and its alternatives on the environment; for assessment of the significance of these effects; for consideration of effects at the appropriate points in the Commission's decision-making process; and for preparation of environmental impact statements for major actions significantly affecting the environment. These procedures are intended to implement the Council on Environmental Quality's final regulations of November 29, 1978 (43 FR 55978; 40 CFR part 1500, et seq.) concerning agency compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act, as amended (NEPA) (15 U.S.C. 4321-4347 as amended by Pub. L. 94-83, August 8, 1975). Sec. 1021.2 Policy. It is the policy of the Commission to weigh and consider the effects upon the [[Page 66]] human environment of a proposed action and its reasonable alternatives. Actions will be designed to avoid or minimize adverse effects upon the quality of the human environment wherever practicable. Sec. 1021.3 Definitions. (a) The term CPSC actions means rulemaking actions; enforcement actions; adjudications; legislative proposals or reports; construction, relocation, or renovation of CPSC facilities; decisions on petitions; and any other agency activity designated by the Executive Director as one necessitating environmental review. (b) The term Commission means the five Commissioners of the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (c) The term CPSC means the entire organization which bears the title Consumer Product Safety Commission. (d) The term NEPA regulations means the Council of Environmental Quality regulations of November 29, 1978 (43 FR 55978) for implementing the provisions of the National Environmental Policy Act, as amended (42 U.S.C 4321, et. seq). (e) The term environmental review process refers to all activities associated with decisions to prepare an environmental assessment, a finding of no significant impact, or an environmental impact statement. (f) The definitions given in part 1508 of the Council's NEPA regulations are applicable to this part 1021 and are not repeated here. Sec. 1021.4 Overview of environmental review process for CPSC actions. The environmental review process normally begins during the staff development of a proposed action and progresses through the following steps: (a) Environmental assessment. (Section 1508.9 of the NEPA regulations). The assessment is initiated along with the staff development of a proposal and the identification of realistic alternatives. The assessment shall be available to the Commission before the Commission votes on a proposal and its alternatives. Its purpose is to identify and describe foreseeable effects on the environment, if any, of the action and its alternatives. The assessment culminates in a written report. This report generally contains analyses of the same categories of information as would an EIS, but in a much less detailed fashion. (See Sec. 1021.10(a), below.) It contains sufficient information to form a basis for deciding whether effects on the environment are likely to be ``significant.'' (See Sec. 1508.27 of the NEPA regulations.). (b) Decision as to significance of effects on the environment. This decision is made by the Executive Director of the CPSC and is based upon the results of the environmental assessment as well as any other pertinent information. If the effects are significant, CPSC publishes in the Federal Register a notice of intent to prepare an environmental impact statement. (See Sec. 1508.22 of the NEPA regulations.) If not, a finding of no significant impact is prepared. (Section 1508.13 of the NEPA regulations.) (c) Finding of no significant impact. This is a written document which gives reasons for concluding that the effects of a proposed action, or its alternatives, on the environment will not be significant. Together with the environmental assessment, it explains the basis for not preparing an EIS. The finding of no significant impact is signed by the Executive Director. The finding of no significant impact and the environmental assessment accompany the proposed action throughout the Commission decision-making process. (d) Draft environmental impact statement. The content of a draft EIS is described in Sec. 1021.12, below. For a particular proposal, the breadth of issues to be discussed is determined by using the scoping process described in Sec. 1501.7 of the NEPA regulations. The draft EIS pertaining to a proposed rule is before the Commission at the time it considers the proposed action and is available to the public when the notice of proposed rulemaking is published or as soon as possible thereafter. In appropriate instances, the Federal Register preamble for a proposed rule may serve as the draft EIS. The draft EIS shall accompany the proposed action throughout the remainder of the Commission decision-making process. (e) Final EIS. The content of this document is described in Sec. 1021.12. A final [[Page 67]] EIS responds to all substantive comments on the draft statement. It is before the Commission when it considers a final action. (f) Supplemental statements. When CPSC makes changes in the proposed action that are important to environmental issues or when there is significant new environmental information, the Executive Director instructs CPSC staff to prepare supplements to either the draft or final EIS (See Sec. 1502.9(c) of the NEPA regulations). (g) Record of decision. (Sections 1505.2 and 1506.1 of the NEPA regulations.) At the time of a decision on a proposed action which involves an EIS, CPSC prepares a written record of decision explaining the decision and why any alternatives discussed in the EIS were rejected. This written record is signed by the Secretary of the Commission for the Commission. No action going forward on the proposal may be taken until the record of decision is signed and filed in the Office of the Secretary of the Commission. Sec. 1021.5 Categories of CPSC actions. (a) There are no CPSC actions which ordinarily produce significant environmental effects. Therefore, there are no actions for which an environmental impact statement is normally required. (b) The following categories of CPSC actions have the potential of producing environmental effects and therefore, normally require environmental assessments but not necessarily environmental impact statements: (1) Regulatory actions dealing with health risks. (2) Actions requiring the destruction or disposal of large quantities of products or components of products. (3) Construction, relocation, or major renovation of CPSC facilities. (4) Recommendations or reports to Congress on proposed legislation that will substantially affect the scope of CPSC authority or the use of CPSC resources, authorize construction or razing of facilities, or dislocate large numbers of employees. (5) Enforcement actions which result in the widespread use of substitute products, which may present health risks. (c) The following categories of CPSC actions normally have little or no potential for affecting the human environment; and therefore, neither an environmental assessment nor an environmental impact statement is required. (These categories are termed ``categorical exclusions'' in the NEPA regulations; see Sec. Sec. 1507.3(b)(2) and 1508.4): (1) Rules or safety standards to provide design or performance requirements for products, or revision, amendment, or revocation of such standards. (2) Product certification or labeling rules. (3) Rules requiring poison prevention packaging of products or exempting products from poison prevention packaging rules. (4) Administrative proceedings to require individual manufacturers to give notice of and/or to correct, repair, replace, or refund the purchase price of banned or hazardous products. Other administrative adjudications which are primarily law enforcement proceedings. (5) Recommendations or reports to Congress on proposed legislation to amend, delete or add procedural provisions to existing CPSC statutory authority. (6) Decisions on petitions for rulemaking. (7) Issuance of subpoenas, general orders, and special orders. (d) In exceptional circumstances, actions within category in paragraph (c) of this section (``categorical exclusions'') may produce effects on the human environment. Upon a determination by the Executive Director that a normally excluded proposed action may have such an effect, an environmental assessment and a finding of no significant impact or an environmental impact statement shall be prepared. Subpart B_Procedures Sec. 1021.6 Responsible official. (a) The Executive Director of the CPSC shall have the responsibility to ensure that the Commission's policies and procedures set forth in this part are carried out. He or she shall have [[Page 68]] the following specific powers and duties: (1) To ensure that CPSC environmental review is conducted in accordance with the NEPA regulations as well as this part 1021. (2) To evaluate the significance of effects of a CPSC action on the environment and to determine whether a finding of no significant impact or an EIS should be prepared. (3) To determine when a categorical exclusion requires environmental review because of exceptional circumstances indicating that the otherwise excluded action may produce an environmental effect. (4) To instruct CPSC staff to prepare supplements to either draft or final EIS's where there is new environmental information or when CPSC makes changes in a proposed action that are important to environmental issues. (5) To ensure that environmental documents are before the Commission at all stages of review of proposed action. (6) To make provisions for soliciting public comment on the anticipated effects on the environment of proposed CPSC actions and their reasonable alternatives at any stage of the environmental review process, whenever he or she decides that such comment will be helpful. The Executive Director, for example, shall have the power to require that provision for soliciting such comments, written or oral, be included in any announcement of a public hearing on proposed rulemaking or on the merits of a petition for rulemaking. (7) To call upon all resources and expertise available to CPSC to ensure that environmental review is accomplished through an interdisciplinary effort. (8) To delegate any of his or her powers and duties, other than paragraphs (a) (2) and (3) of this section, to any officer or employee of the CPSC. Sec. 1021.7 Coordination of environmental review with CPSC procedures. (a) The Commission shall consider all relevant environmental documents in evaluating proposals for Commission action. The preparation and completion of assessments and statements required by this part shall be scheduled to assure that available environmental information is before the Commission at all appropriate stages of development of CPSC actions along with technical and economic information otherwise required. The range of alternatives discussed in appropriate environmental documents shall be encompassed by the range of alternatives considered by the Commission for an action. (b) An environmental assessment on a proposed rulemaking action requiring environmental review shall be available to the commission before the Commission votes on a proposed rule, and its alternatives. If the Executive Director determines that an EIS is needed, the draft EIS shall normally be before the Commission at the time it votes to publish a proposed rule. A final EIS shall be before the Commission when it considers final action on a proposed rule. Relevant environmental documents shall accompany the proposed rulemaking action throughout the Commission's decisionmaking process. (c) Draft EISs or findings of no significant impact together with environmental assessments shall be made available to the public for comment at the time of publication in the Federal Register of CPSC proposals for regulatory action requiring environmental review or promptly thereafter. Pursuant to Sec. 1506.10 of the NEPA regulations, no decision on a proposed action shall be made by the Commission until the later of 90 days after the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has published a notice announcing receipt of the draft EIS or 30 days after EPA announces receipt of the final EIS. These time periods may run concurrently. In addition, with regard to rulemaking for the purpose of protecting the public health and safety, the Commission may waive the 30 day period and publish a decision on a final rule simultaneously with publication by EPA of the notice of availability. (d) Whenever the Commission decides to solicit offers by an outside person or [[Page 69]] organization to develop a proposed consumer product safety standard in accordance with section 7 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2056) and the Executive Director has determined that environmental review is needed, the Executive Director shall recommend to the Commission whether the ``offeror'' should perform an environmental assessment during development of the proposed standard. In making this recommendation, the Executive Director shall take into account the resources of the ``offeror'', including the expertise and money available to it. If the Commission decides that the ``offeror'' should perform an assessment, the agreement between the Commission and the offeror shall so provide. CPSC, however, shall independently evaluate any assessment prepared and shall take responsibility for the scope and content of the assessment. (e) CPSC adjudications are primarily law enforcement proceedings and therefore are not agency actions within the meaning of NEPA. (See Sec. 1508.18(8) of the NEPA regulations.) However, in CPSC formal rulemaking proceedings, all available environmental information, including any supplements to a draft or final EIS, shall be filed in the Office of the Secretary and shall be made part of the formal record of the proceeding. Sec. 1021.8 Legislative proposals. Draft EISs on legislative proposals which may significantly affect the environment shall be prepared as described in Sec. 1506.8 of the NEPA regulations. The draft EIS, where feasible, shall accompany the legislative proposal or report to Congress and shall be available in time for Congressional hearings and deliberations. The draft EIS shall be forwarded to the Environmental Protection Agency in accordance with Sec. 1506.9 of the NEPA regulations. Comments on the legislative statement and CPSC's responses shall be forwarded to the appropriate Congressional committees. Sec. 1021.9 Public participation, notice, and comment. (a) Information and comments are solicited from and provided to the public on anticipated environmental effects of CPSC actions as follows: (1) Promptly after a decision is made to prepare a draft EIS, a notice of intent to prepare the draft EIS shall be published in the CPSC Public Calendar and in the Federal Register. The notice shall state the nature of the proposed action and available alternatives and shall describe the planned scoping process. The notice shall solicit information and comment by other governmental agencies and the public. (2) As soon as practicable after a finding of no significant impact is completed, a copy of the finding together with the environmental assessment report shall be forwarded to the Office of the Secretary of the Commission to be made available to the public. Any information and comments received from the public on the documents will be considered and will accompany the documents throughout the CPSC decisionmaking process, but comments will not ordinarily be answered individually. (3)(i) Upon completion of a draft EIS, a notice of its availability for comment should be published in the CPSC Public Calendar and in the Federal Register. Copies of the draft EIS shall be filed with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in accordance with Sec. 1506.9 of the NEPA regulations. The length of the comment period on the draft EIS shall be stated in the notice of availability and on the cover of the draft EIS. The comment period, in accordance with Sec. 1506.10 of the NEPA regulations, shall be a minimum of 45 days from the date the notice of receipt of the draft EIS is published in the Federal Register by EPA. It should also be stated in the CPSC notice that comments received during the comment period will be addressed in the final EIS, whereas late comments will be considered to the extent practicable, and that all comments will be appended to the final EIS. (ii) Copies of the draft EIS shall be sent to public and private organizations known by CPSC to have special expertise with respect to the environmental effects involved, those who are known to have an interest in the action, and those who request an opportunity to comment. Also, copies shall [[Page 70]] be circulated for comment to Federal, State, and local agencies with jurisdiction by law and special expertise with respect to environmental effects involved. Part 1503 of the NEPA regulations shall be consulted for further details of this procedure. (iii) Draft EIS's shall be available to the public in the Office of the Secretary at Commission headquarters. (4) Upon completion of a final EIS, a notice of its availability in the Office of the Secretary, shall be published in the CPSC Public Calendar and if deemed appropriate, in the Federal Register. Copies of the final EIS shall be forwarded to EPA and one copy shall be sent to each entity or person who commented on the draft EIS. (5) A list of EIS's under preparation and of EIS's or findings of no significant impact and environmental assessments completed shall be available to the public in the Office of the Secretary, at Commission headquarters. The list shall be continuously updated. (6) In addition to publication in the CPSC Public Calendar and the Federal Register, notices called for by this section may also be publicized through press releases or local newspapers, whenever appropriate. Sec. 1021.10 Emergencies. Where emergency circumstances make it necessary to take an action without observing all the provisions of these implementing procedures or the NEPA regulations, CPSC will consult with the Council on Environmental Quality about alternative arrangements. Sec. 1021.11 Information regarding NEPA compliance. Interested persons may contact the Commission's Office of the Executive Director (301-504-0550) for information regarding CPSC NEPA compliance. [45 FR 69434, Oct. 21, 1980, as amended at 62 FR 46667, Sept. 4, 1997] Subpart C_Contents of Environmental Review Documents Sec. 1021.12 Environmental assessment. (a) An environmental assessment shall first briefly describe the proposed action and realistic alternative actions. Next, it shall identify all effects on the environment that can be expected to result from the proposed and alternative actions. After each anticipated effect is identified, it shall be described as fully as can be done with available data in order to show its magnitude and significance. Sources of information for assessment include CPSC staff studies and research reports, information gathered at hearings or meetings held to obtain the views of the public on the proposed action, and other information received from members of the public and from governmental entities. (b) The assessment shall identify and describe any methods or approaches which would avoid or minimize adverse effects on the environment. Sec. 1021.13 Finding of no significant impact. (a) A finding of no significant impact shall cite and be attached to the environmental assessment upon which it is based. It shall refer to anticipated effects upon the environment identified in the environmental assessment and give the reason(s) why those effects will not be significant. The final paragraph of the finding shall give the reasons why the overall impact on the environment is not regarded as significant. (b) The signature of the Executive Director shall appear at the end of the finding of no significant impact. Sec. 1021.14 Environmental impact statement. (a) Draft and final EIS's, unless there is a compelling reason to do otherwise, shall conform to the recommended format specified in Sec. 1502.10 of the NEPA regulations and shall contain the material required by Sec. Sec. 1502.11 through 1502.18 of those regulations. (b) It may be necessary to include in an EIS a description of effects which are not effects on the natural or physical environment, but rather are, for example, purely economic or health effects. For this reason, an EIS may include issues and facts that are thoroughly analyzed in other comprehensive CPSC documents such as hazard analyses, economic impact analyses, or [[Page 71]] analyses of impact on particular age groups among consumers. In such cases, the EIS shall not duplicate the other documents, but rather shall cite and summarize from them. A list of background documents and sources of data cited in the EIS shall appear at the end of every EIS. PART 1025_RULES OF PRACTICE FOR ADJUDICATIVE PROCEEDINGS--Table of Contents Subpart A_Scope of Rules, Nature of Adjudicative Proceedings, Definitions Sec. 1025.1 Scope of rules. 1025.2 Nature of adjudicative proceedings. 1025.3 Definitions. Subpart B_Pleadings, Form, Execution, Service of Documents 1025.11 Commencement of proceedings. 1025.12 Answer. 1025.13 Amendments and supplemental pleadings. 1025.14 Form and filing of documents. 1025.15 Time. 1025.16 Service. 1025.17 Intervention. 1025.18 Class actions. 1025.19 Joinder of proceedings. Subpart C_Prehearing Procedures, Motions, Interlocutory Appeals, Summary Judgments, Settlements 1025.21 Prehearing conferences. 1025.22 Prehearing briefs. 1025.23 Motions. 1025.24 Interlocutory appeals. 1025.25 Summary decisions and orders. 1025.26 Settlements. Subpart D_Discovery, Compulsory Process 1025.31 General provisions governing discovery. 1025.32 Written interrogatories to parties. 1025.33 Production of documents and things. 1025.34 Requests for admission. 1025.35 Depositions upon oral examination. 1025.36 Motions to compel discovery. 1025.37 Sanctions for failure to comply with discovery orders. 1025.38 Subpoenas. 1025.39 Orders requiring witnesses to testify or provide other information and granting immunity. Subpart E_Hearings 1025.41 General rules. 1025.42 Powers and duties of Presiding Officer. 1025.43 Evidence. 1025.44 Expert witnesses. 1025.45 In camera materials. 1025.46 Proposed findings, conclusions and order. 1025.47 Record. 1025.48 Official docket. 1025.49 Fees. Subpart F_Decision 1025.51 Initial decision. 1025.52 Adoption of initial decision. 1025.53 Appeal from initial decision. 1025.54 Review of initial decision in absence of appeal. 1025.55 Final decision on appeal or review. 1025.56 Reconsideration. 1025.57 Effective date of order. 1025.58 Reopening of proceedings. Subpart G_Appearances, Standards of Conduct 1025.61 Who may make appearances. 1025.62 Authority for representation. 1025.63 Written appearances. 1025.64 Attorneys. 1025.65 Persons not attorneys. 1025.66 Qualifications and standards of conduct. 1025.67 Restrictions as to former members and employees. 1025.68 Prohibited communications. Subpart H_Implementation of the Equal Access to Justice Act in Adjudicative Proceedings With the Commission 1025.70 General provisions. 1025.71 Information required from applicant. 1025.72 Procedures for considering applications. Appendix I to Part 1025--Suggested Form of Final Prehearing Order Authority: Consumer Product Safety Act (secs. 15, 20, 27 (15 U.S.C. 2064, 2069, 2076), the Flammable Fabrics Act (sec. 5, 15 U.S.C. 1194), the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 45)), unless otherwise noted. Source: 45 FR 29215, May 1, 1980, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_Scope of Rules, Nature of Adjudicative Proceedings, Definitions Sec. 1025.1 Scope of rules. The rules in this part govern procedures in adjudicative proceedings relating to the provisions of section 15 (c), (d), and (f) and 17(b) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2064 (c), [[Page 72]] (d), (f); 2066(b)), section 15 of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (15 U.S.C. 1274), and sections 3 and 8(b) of the Flammable Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C. 1192, 1197(b)), which are required by statute to be determined on the record after opportunity for a public hearing. These rules will also govern adjudicative proceedings for the assessment of civil penalties under section 20(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2068(a)), except in those instances where the matter of a civil penalty is presented to a United States District Court in conjunction with an action by the Commission for injunctive or other appropriate relief. These Rules may also be used for such other adjudicative proceedings as the Commission, by order, shall designate. A basic intent of the Commission in the development of these rules has been to promulgate a single set of procedural rules which can accommodate both simple matters and complex matters in adjudication. To accomplish this objective, broad discretion has been vested in the Presiding Officer who will hear a matter being adjudicated to allow him/ her to alter time limitations and other procedural aspects of a case, as required by the complexity of the particular matter involved. A major concern of the Commission is that all matters in adjudication move forward in a timely manner, consistent with the Constitutional due process rights of all parties. It is anticipated that in any adjudicative proceedings for the assessment of civil penalties there will be less need for discovery since most factual matters will already be known by the parties. Therefore, the Presiding Officer should, whenever appropriate, expedite the proceedings by setting shorter time limitations than those time limitations generally applicable under these Rules. For example, the 150-day limitation for discovery, as provided in Sec. 1025.31(g), should be shortened, consistent with the extent of discovery reasonably necessary to prepare for the hearing. [45 FR 29215, May 1, 1980, as amended at 47 FR 46846, Oct. 21, 1982] Sec. 1025.2 Nature of adjudicative proceedings. Adjudicative proceedings shall be conducted in accordance with Title 5, United States Code, sections 551 through 559, and these Rules. It is the policy of the Commission that adjudicative proceedings shall be conducted expeditiously and with due regard to the rights and interests of all persons affected and in locations chosen with due regard to the convenience of all parties. Therefore, the Presiding Officer and all parties shall make every effort at each stage of any proceedings to avoid unnecessary delay. Sec. 1025.3 Definitions. As used in this part: (a) Application means an ex parte request by a party for an order that may be granted or denied without opportunity for response by any other party. (b) Commission means the Consumer Product Safety Commission or a quorum thereof. (c) Commissioner means a Commissioner of the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (d) Complaint Counsel means counsel for the Commission's staff. (e) Motion means a request by a party for a ruling or order that may be granted or denied only after opportunity for responses by all other parties. (f) Party means any named person or any intervenor in any proceedings governed by these Rules. (g) Person means any individual, partnership, corporation, unincorporated association, public or private organization, or a federal, state or municipal governmental entity. (h) Petition means a written request, addressed to the Commission or the Presiding Officer, for some affirmative action. (i) Presiding Officer means a person who conducts any adjudicative proceedings under this part, and may include an administrative law judge qualified under Title 5, United States Code, section 3105, but shall not include a Commissioner. (j) Respondent means any person against whom a complaint has been issued. [[Page 73]] (k) Secretary means the Secretary of the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (l) Staff means the staff of the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Additional definitions relating to prohibited communications are in Sec. 1025.68. Subpart B_Pleadings, Form, Execution, Service of Documents Sec. 1025.11 Commencement of proceedings. (a) Notice of institution of enforcement proceedings. Any adjudicative proceedings under this part shall be commenced by the issuance of a complaint, authorized by the Commission, and signed by the Associate Executive Director for Compliance and Enforcement. (b) Form and content of complaint. The complaint shall contain the following: (1) A statement of the legal authority for instituting the proceedings, including the specific sections of statutes, rules and regulations involved in each allegation. (2) Identification of each respondent or class of respondents. (3) A clear and concise statement of the charges, sufficient to inform each respondent with reasonable definiteness of the factual basis or bases of the allegations of violation or hazard. A list and summary of documentary evidence supporting the charges shall be attached. (4) A request for the relief which the staff believes is in the public interest. (c) Notice to the public. Once issued, the complaint shall be submitted without delay to the Federal Register for publication. Sec. 1025.12 Answer. (a) Time for filing. A respondent shall have twenty (20) days after service of a complaint to file an answer. (b) Contents of answer. The answer shall contain the following: (1) A specific admission or denial of each allegation in the complaint. If a respondent is without knowledge or information sufficient to form a belief as to the truth of an allegation, the respondent shall so state. Such statement shall have the effect of a denial. Allegations that are not denied shall be deemed to have been admitted. (2) A concise statement of the factual or legal defenses to each allegation of the complaint. (c) Default. Failure of a respondent to file an answer within the time provided, unless extended, shall constitute a waiver of the right to appear and contest the allegations in the complaint, and the Presiding Officer may make such findings of fact and conclusions of law as are just and reasonable under the circumstances. Sec. 1025.13 Amendments and supplemental pleadings. The Presiding Officer may allow appropriate amendments and supplemental pleadings which do not unduly broaden the issues in the proceedings or cause undue delay. Sec. 1025.14 Form and filing of documents. (a) Filing. Except as otherwise provided in these Rules, all documents submitted to the Commission or the Presiding Officer shall be addressed to, and filed with, the Secretary. Documents may be filed in person or by mail and shall be deemed filed on the day of filing or mailing. (b) Caption. Every document shall contain a caption setting forth the name of the action, the docket number, and the title of the document. (c) Copies. An original and three (3) copies of all documents shall be filed. Each copy must be clear and legible. (d) Signature. (1) The original of each document filed shall be signed by a representative of record for the party or participant; or in the case of parties or participants not represented, by the party or participant; or by a partner, officer or other appropriate official of any corporation, partnership, or unincorporated association, who files an appearance on behalf of the party or participant. (2) By signing a document, the signer represents that the signer has read it and that to the best of the signer's knowledge, information and belief, the statements made in it are true and that it is not filed for purposes of delay. [[Page 74]] (e) Form. (1) All documents shall be dated and shall contain the address and telephone number of the signer. (2) Documents shall be on paper approximately 8\1/2\ x 11 inches in size. Print shall not be less than standard elite or 12 point type. Pages shall be fastened in the upper left corner or along the left margin. (3) Documents that fail to comply with this section may be returned by the Secretary. Sec. 1025.15 Time. (a) Computation. In computing any period of time prescribed or allowed by these rules, the day of the act, event, or default from which the designated period of time begins to run shall not be included. The last day of the period so computed shall be included, unless it is a Saturday, a Sunday, or a legal holiday, in which event the period runs until the end of the next day which is not a Saturday, a Sunday, or a legal holiday. When the period of time prescribed or allowed is less than seven (7) days, intermediate Saturdays, Sundays, and legal holidays shall be excluded in the computation. As used in this rule, ``legal holiday'' includes New Year's Day, Washington's Birthday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Columbus Day, Veterans' Day, Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day, and any other day declared as a holiday by the President or the Congress of the United States. (b) Additional time after service by mail. Whenever a party is required or permitted to do an act within a prescribed period after service of a document and the document is served by mail, three (3) days shall be added to the prescribed period. (c) Extensions. For good cause shown, the Presiding Officer may extend any time limit prescribed or allowed by these rules or by order of the Commission or the Presiding Officer, except for those sections governing the filing of interlocutory appeals and appeals from Initial Decisions and those sections expressly requiring Commission action. Except as otherwise provided by law, the Commission, for good cause shown, may extend any time limit prescribed by these rules or by order of the Commission or the Presiding Officer. Sec. 1025.16 Service. (a) Mandatory service. Every document filed with the Secretary shall be served upon all parties to any proceedings, i.e., Complaint Counsel, respondent(s), and party intervenors, as well as the Presiding Officer. Every document filed with the Secretary shall also be served upon each participant, if the Presiding Officer or the Commission so directs. (b) Service of complaint, ruling, petition for interlocutory appeal, order, decision, or subpoena. A complaint, ruling, petition for interlocutory appeal, order, decision, or subpoena shall be served in one of the following ways: (1) By registered or certified mail. A copy of the document shall be addressed to the person, partnership, corporation or unincorporated association to be served at his/her/its residence or principal office or place of business and sent by registered or certified mail; or (2) By delivery to an individual. A copy of the document may be delivered to the person to be served; or to a member of the partnership to be served; or to the president, secretary, or other executive officer, or a director of the corporation or unincorporated association to be served; or to an agent authorized by appointment or by law to receive service; or (3) By delivery to an address. If the document cannot be served in person or by mail as provided in paragraph (b)(1) or (b)(2) of this section, a copy of the document may be left at the principal office or place of business of the person, partnership, corporation, unincorporated association, or authorized agent with an officer or a managing or general agent; or it may be left with a person of suitable age and discretion residing therein, at the residence of the person or of a member of the partnership or of an executive officer, director, or agent of the corporation or unincorporated association to be served; or (4) By publication in the Federal Register. A respondent that cannot be served by any of the methods already described in this section may be served by publication in the Federal Register and such other notice as may be directed by the Presiding Officer or the Commission, where a complaint has [[Page 75]] issued in a class action pursuant to Sec. 1025.18. (c) Service of other documents. Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (b) of this section, when service of a document starts the running of a prescribed period of time for the submission of a responsive document or the occurrence of an event, the document may be served as provided in paragraph (b) of this section or by ordinary first-class mail, properly addressed, postage prepaid. (d) Service on a representative. When a party has appeared by an attorney or other representative, service upon that attorney or other representative shall constitute service upon the party. (e) Certificate of service. The original of every document filed with the Commission and required to be served upon all parties to any proceedings, as well as participants if so directed by the Presiding Officer, shall be accompanied by a certificate of service signed by the party making service, stating that such service has been made upon each party and participant to the proceedings. Certificates of service may be in substantially the following form: I hereby certify that I have served the attached document upon all parties and participants of record in these proceedings by mailing, postage prepaid, (or by delivering in person) a copy to each on ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ (Signature) For_____________________________________________________________________ (f) Date of service. The date of service of a document shall be the date on which the document is deposited with the United States Postal Service, postage prepaid, or is delivered in person. Sec. 1025.17 Intervention. (a) Participation as an intervenor. Any person who desires to participate as a party in any proceedings subject to these rules shall file a written petition for leave to intervene with the Secretary and shall serve a copy of the petition on each party. (1) A petition shall ordinarily be filed not later than the convening of the first prehearing conference. A petition filed after that time will not be granted unless the Presiding Officer determines that the petitioner has made a substantial showing of good cause for failure to file on time. (2) A petition shall: (i) Identify the specific aspect or aspects of the proceedings as to which the petitioner wishes to intervene, (ii) Set forth the interest of the petitioner in the proceedings, (iii) State how the petitioner's interest may be affected by the results of the proceedings, and (iv) State any other reasons why the petitioner should be permitted to intervene as a party, with particular reference to the factors set forth in paragraph (d) of this section. Any petition relating only to matters outside the jurisdiction of the Commission shall be denied. (3) Any person whose petition for leave to intervene is granted by the Presiding Officer shall be known as an ``intervenor'' and as such shall have the full range of litigating rights afforded to any other party. (b) Participation by a person not an intervenor. Any person who desires to participate in the proceedings as a non-party shall file with the Secretary a request to participate in the proceedings and shall serve a copy of such request on each party to the proceedings. (1) A request shall ordinarily be filed not later than the commencement of the hearing. A petition filed after that time will not be granted unless the Presiding Officer determines that the person making the request has made a substantial showing of good cause for failure to file on time. (2) A request shall set forth the nature and extent of the person's alleged interest in the proceedings. Any request relating only to matters outside the jurisdiction of the Commission shall be denied. (3) Any person who files a request to participate in the proceedings as a non-party and whose request is granted by the Presiding Officer shall be known as a ``Participant'' and shall have the right to participate in the proceedings to the extent of making a written or oral statement of position, filing proposed findings of fact, conclusions of law and a post hearing brief with the Presiding Officer, and filing an appellate brief before the Commission if an appeal is taken by a party or review is [[Page 76]] ordered by the Commission in accordance with Sec. 1025.53 or Sec. 1025.54, as applicable, of these rules. (c) Response to petition to intervene. Any party may file a response to a petition for leave to intervene after the petition is filed with the Secretary, with particular reference to the factors set forth in paragraph (d) of this section. (d) Ruling by Presiding Officer on petition. In ruling on a petition for leave to intervene, the Presiding Officer shall consider, in addition to all other relevant matters, the following factors: (1) The nature of the petitioner's interest, under the applicable statute governing the proceedings, to be made a party to the proceedings; (2) The nature and extent of the petitioner's interest in protecting himself/herself/itself or the public against unreasonable risks of injury associated with consumer products; (3) The nature and extent of the petitioner's property, financial or other substantial interest in the proceedings; (4) Whether the petitioner would be aggrieved by any final order which may be entered in the proceedings; (5) The extent to which the peititioner's intervention may reasonably be expected to assist in developing a sound record; (6) The extent to which the petitioner's interest will be represented by existing parties; (7) The extent to which the petitioner's intervention may broaden the issues or delay the proceedings; and (8) The extent to which the petitioner's interest can be protected by other available means. If the Presiding Officer determines that a petitioner has failed to make a sufficient showing to be allowed to intervene as a party, the Presiding Officer shall view such petition to intervene as if it had been timely filed as a request to participate in the proceedings as a participant pursuant to paragraph (b) of this section. (e) Ruling by Presiding Officer on request. In ruling on a request to participate as a participant, the Presiding Officer, in the exercise of his/her discretion, shall be mindful of the Commission's mandate under its enabling legislation (see 15 U.S.C. 2051 et seq.) and its affirmative desire to afford interested persons, including consumers and consumer organizations, as well as governmental entities, an opportunity to participate in the agency's regulatory processes, including adjudicative proceedings. The Presiding Officer shall consider, in addition to all other relevant matters, the following factors: (1) The nature and extent of the person's alleged interest in the proceedings; (2) The possible effect of any final order which may be entered in the proceedings on the person's interest; and (3) The extent to which the person's participation can be expected to assist the Presiding Officer and the Commission in rendering a fair and equitable resolution of all matters in controversy in the proceedings. The Presiding Officer may deny a request to participate if he/she determines that the person's participation cannot reasonably be expected to assist the Presiding Officer or the Commission in rendering a fair and equitable resolution of matters in controversy in the proceedings or if he/she determines that the person's participation would unduly broaden the issues in controversy or unduly delay the proceedings. (f) Designation of single representative. If the Presiding Officer determines that a petitioner pursuant to paragraph (a) of this section or a person requesting to participate pursuant to paragraph (b) of this section is a member of a class of prospective intervenors or participants, as applicable, who share an identity of interest, the Presiding Officer may limit such intervention or participation, as applicable, through designation of a single representative by the prospective intervenors or participants, as applicable, or, if they are unable to agree, by designation of the Presiding Officer. Sec. 1025.18 Class actions. (a) Prerequisites to a class action. One or more members of a class of respondents may be proceeded against as representative parties on behalf of all respondents if: (1) The class is so numerous or geographically dispersed that joinder of all members is impracticable; [[Page 77]] (2) There are questions of fact or issues of law common to the class; (3) The defenses of the representative parties are typical of the defenses of the class; and (4) The representative parties will fairly and adequately protect the interests of the class. (b) Composition of class. A class may be composed of: (1) Manufacturers, distributors, or retailers, or a combination of them, of products which allegedly have the same defect, or (2) Manufacturers, distributors, or retailers, or a combination of them, of products which allegedly fail to conform to an applicable standard, regulation, or consumer product safety rule, or (3) Manufacturers, distributors, or retailers, or a combination of them, who have themselves allegedly failed to conform to an applicable standard, regulation, or consumer product safety rule. When appropriate, a class may be divided into subclasses and each subclass shall be treated as a class. (c) Notice of commencement. A complaint issued under this section shall identify the class, the named respondents considered to be representative of the class, and the alleged defect or nonconformity common to the products manufactured, imported, distributed or sold by the members of the class. The complaint shall be served upon the parties in accordance with Sec. 1025.16. (d) Proper class action determination. Upon motion of Complaint Counsel and as soon as practicable after the commencement of any proceedings brought as a class action, the Presiding Officer shall determine by order whether the action is a proper class action. It is a proper class action if the prerequisites of paragraph (a) of this section are met and if the Presiding Officer finds that: (1) The prosecution of separate actions against individual members of the respondent class might result in (i) inconsistent or varying determinations with respect to individual members of the class which might produce incompatible or conflicting results, or (ii) determinations with respect to individual members of the class which would, as a practical matter, be dispositive of the interests of the other members who are not parties to the proceedings or would substantially impair or impede the ability of the absent members to protect their interests; or (2) The Commission has acted on grounds generally applicable to the class, thereby making appropriate an order directed to the class as a whole. In reaching a decision, the Presiding Officer shall consider the interests of members of the class in individually controlling the defense of separate actions, the extent and nature of any proceedings concerning the controversy already commenced against members of the class, the desirability or undesirability of concentrating the litigation in one adjudication, and the difficulties likely to be encountered in the management of a class action, as well as the benefits expected to result from the maintenance of a class action. (e) Revision of class membership. Upon motion of any party or any member of the class, or upon the Presiding Officer's own initiative, the Presiding Officer may revise the membership of the class. (f) Orders in conduct of class actions. In proceedings to which this section applies, the Presiding Officer may make appropriate orders: (1) Determining the course of the proceedings or prescribing measures to prevent undue repetition and promote the efficient presentation of evidence or argument; (2) Requiring (for the protection of the members of the class, or otherwise for the fair conduct of the action) that notice be given, in such manner as the Presiding Officer may direct, of any step in the action, of the extent of the proposed order, or of the opportunity for members to inform the Presiding Officer whether they consider the representation to be fair and adequate, or of the opportunity for class members to intervene and present defenses; (3) Requiring that the pleadings be amended to eliminate allegations concerning the representation of absent persons; or (4) Dealing with other procedural matters. The orders may be combined with a prehearing order under Sec. 1025.21 of these [[Page 78]] rules and may be altered or amended as may be necessary. (g) Scope of final order. In any proceedings maintained as a class action, any Decision and Order of the Presiding Officer or the Commission under Sec. 1025.51 or Sec. 1025.55, as applicable, whether or not favorable to the class, shall include and describe those respondents whom the Presiding Officer or the Commission finds to be members of the class. (h) Notice of results. Upon the termination of any adjudication that has been maintained as a class action, the best notice practicable of the results of the adjudication shall be given to all members of the class in such manner as the Presiding Officer or the Commission directs. Sec. 1025.19 Joinder of proceedings. Two or more matters which have been scheduled for adjudicative proceedings and which involve similar issues may be consolidated for the purpose of hearing or Commission review. A motion for consolidation may be filed by any party to such proceedings not later than thirty (30) days prior to the hearing and served upon all parties to all proceedings in which joinder is contemplated. The motion may include a request that the consolidated proceedings be maintained as a class action in accordance with Sec. 1025.18 of these rules. The proceedings may be consolidated to such extent and upon such terms as may be proper. Such consolidation may also be ordered upon the initiative of the Presiding Officer or the Commission. Single representatives may be designated by represented parties, intervenors, and participants with an identity of interests. Subpart C_Prehearing Procedures, Motions, Interlocutory Appeals, Summary Judgments, Settlements Sec. 1025.21 Prehearing conferences. (a) When held. Except when the presiding officer determines that unusual circumstances would render it impractical or valueless, a prehearing conference shall be held in person or by conference telephone call within fifty (50) days after publication of the complaint in the Federal Register and upon ten (10) days' notice to all parties and participants. At the prehearing conference any or all of the following shall be considered: (1) Petitions for leave to intervene; (2) Motions, including motions for consolidation of proceedings and for certification of class actions; (3) Identification, simplification and clarification of the issues; (4) Necessity or desirability of amending the pleadings; (5) Stipulations and admissions of fact and of the content and authenticity of documents; (6) Oppositions to notices of depositions; (7) Motions for protective orders to limit or modify discovery; (8) Issuance of subpoenas to compel the appearance of witnesses and the production of documents; (9) Limitation of the number of witnesses, particularly to avoid duplicate expert witnesses; (10) Matters of which official notice should be taken and matters which may be resolved by reliance upon the laws administered by the Commission or upon the Commission's substantive standards, regulations, and consumer product safety rules; (11) Disclosure of the names of witnesses and of documents or other physical exhibits which are intended to be introduced into evidence; (12) Consideration of offers of settlement; (13) Establishment of a schedule for the exchange of final witness lists, prepared testimony and documents, and for the date, time and place of the hearing, with due regard to the convenience of the parties; and (14) Such other matters as may aid in the efficient presentation or disposition of the proceedings. (b) Public notice. The Presiding Officer shall cause a notice of the first prehearing conference, including a statement of the issues, to be published in the Federal Register at least ten (10) days prior to the date scheduled for the conference. (c) Additional conferences. Additional prehearing conferences may be convened at the discretion of the Presiding [[Page 79]] Officer, upon notice to the parties, any participants, and to the public. (d) Reporting. Prehearing conferences shall be stenographically reported as provided in Sec. 1025.47 of these rules and shall be open to the public, unless otherwise ordered by the Presiding Officer or the Commission. (e) Prehearing orders. The Presiding Officer shall issue a final prehearing order in each case after the conclusion of the final prehearing conference. The final prehearing order should contain, to the fullest extent possible at that time, all information which is necessary for controlling the course of the hearing. The Presiding Officer may require the parties to submit a jointly proposed final prehearing order, such as in the format set forth in appendix I. Sec. 1025.22 Prehearing briefs. Not later than ten (10) days prior to the hearing, unless otherwise ordered by the Presiding Officer, the parties may simultaneously serve and file prehearing briefs which should set forth: (a) A statement of the facts expected to be proved and of the anticipated order of proof; (b) A statement of the issues and the legal arguments in support of the party's contentions with respect to each issue; and (c) A table of authorities relied upon. Sec. 1025.23 Motions. (a) Presentation and disposition. During the time a matter in adjudication is before the Presiding Officer, all motions, whether oral or written, except those filed under Sec. 1025.42(e), shall be addressed to the Presiding Officer, who shall rule upon them promptly, after affording an opportunity for response. (b) Written motions. All written motions shall state with particularity the order, ruling, or action desired and the reasons why the action should be granted. Memoranda, affidavits, or other documents supporting a motion shall be served and filed with the motion. All motions shall contain a proposed order setting forth the relief sought. All written motions shall be filed with the Secretary and served upon all parties, and all motions addressed to the Commission shall be in writing. (c) Opposition to motions. Within ten (10) days after service of any written motion or petition or within such longer or shorter time as may be designated by these Rules or by the Presiding Officer or the Commission, any party who opposes the granting of the requested order, ruling or action may file a written response to the motion. Failure to respond to a written motion may, in the discretion of the Presiding Officer, be considered as consent to the granting of the relief sought in the motion. Unless otherwise permitted by the Presiding Officer or the Commission, there shall be no reply to the response expressing opposition to the motion. (d) Rulings on motions for dismissal. When a motion to dismiss a complaint or a motion for other relief is granted, with the result that the proceedings before the Presiding Officer are terminated, the Presiding Officer shall issue an Initial Decision and Order in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1025.51. If such a motion is granted as to all issues alleged in the complaint in regard to some, but not all, respondents or is granted as to any part of the allegations in regard to any or all respondents, the Presiding Officer shall enter an order on the record and consider the remaining issues in the Initial Decision. The Presiding Officer may elect to defer ruling on a motion to dismiss until the close of the case. Sec. 1025.24 Interlocutory appeals. (a) General. Rulings of the Presiding Officer may not be appealed to the Commission prior to the Initial Decision, except as provided in this section. (b) Exceptions. (1) Interlocutory appeals to Commission. The Commission may, in its discretion, consider interlocutory appeals where a ruling of the Presiding Officer: (i) Requires the production of records claimed to be confidential; (ii) Requires the testimony of a supervisory official of the Commission other than one especially knowledgeable of the facts of the matter in adjudication; [[Page 80]] (iii) Excludes an attorney from participation in any proceedings pursuant to Sec. 1025.42(b); (iv) Denies or unduly limits a petition for intervention pursuant to the provisions of Sec. 1025.17. (2) Procedure for interlocutory appeals. Within ten (10) days of issuance of a ruling other than one ordering the production of records claimed to be confidential, any party may petition the Commission to consider an interlocutory appeal of a ruling in the categories enumerated above. The petition shall not exceed fifteen (15) pages. Any other party may file a response to the petition within ten (10) days of its service except where the order appealed from requires the production of records claimed to be confidential. The response shall not exceed fifteen (15) pages. The Commission shall decide the petition or may request such further briefing or oral presentation as it deems necessary. (3) If the Presiding Officer orders the production of records claimed to be confidential a petition for interlocutory appeal shall be filed within five (5) days of the entry of the order. Any opposition to the petition shall be filed within five (5) days of service of the petition. The order of the Presiding Officer shall be automatically stayed until five (5) days following the date of entry of the order to allow an affected party the opportunity to file a petition with the Commission for an interlocutory appeal pursuant to Sec. 1025.24(b)(2). If an affected party files a petition with the Commission pursuant to Sec. 1025.24(b)(2) within the 5-day period, the stay of the Presiding Officer's order is automatically extended until the Commission decides the petition. (4) Interlocutory appeals from all other rulings--(i) Grounds. Interlocutory appeals from all other rulings by the Presiding Officer may proceed only upon motion to the Presiding Officer and a determination by the Presiding Officer in writing that the ruling involves a controlling question of law or policy as to which there is substantial ground for differences of opinion and that an immediate appeal from the ruling may materially advance the ultimate termination of the litigation, or that subsequent review will be an inadequate remedy. The Presiding Officer's certification shall state the reasons for the determination. (ii) Form. If the Presiding Officer makes the determination described in paragraph (b)(4)(i) of this section, a petition for interlocutory appeal under this subparagraph may be filed in accordance with paragraph (b)(2) of this section. (c) Proceedings not stayed. Except as otherwise provided under this section, a petition for interlocutory appeal shall not stay the proceedings before the Presiding Officer unless the Presiding Officer or the Commission so orders. Sec. 1025.25 Summary decisions and orders. (a) Motion. Any party may file a motion, with a supporting memorandum, for a Summary Decision and Order in its favor upon all or any of the issues in controversy. Complaint Counsel may file such a motion at any time after thirty (30) days following issuance of a complaint, and any other party may file a motion at any time after issuance of a complaint. Any such motion by any party shall be filed at least twenty (20) days before the date fixed for the adjudicative hearing. (b) Response to motion. Any other party may, within twenty (20) days after service of the motion, file a response with a supporting memorandum. (c) Grounds. A Summary Decision and Order shall be granted if the pleadings and any depositions, answers to interrogatories, admissions, or affidavits show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that the moving party is entitled to a Summary Decision and Order as a matter of law. (d) Legal effect. A Summary Decision and Order upon all the issues being adjudicated shall constitute the Initial Decision of the Presiding Officer and may be appealed to the Commission in accordance with Sec. 1025.53 of these rules. A Summary Decision, interlocutory in character, may be rendered on fewer than all issues and may not be appealed prior to issuance of the Initial Decision. (e) Case not fully adjudicated on motion. A Summary Decision and order [[Page 81]] that does not dispose of all issues shall include a statement of those material facts about which there is no substantial controversy and of those material facts that are actually and in good faith controverted. The Summary Order shall direct such further proceedings as are appropriate. Sec. 1025.26 Settlements. (a) Availability. Any party shall have the opportunity to submit an offer of settlement to the Presiding Officer. (b) Form. Offers of settlement shall be filed in camera and the form of a consent agreement and order, shall be signed by the respondent or respondent's representative, and may be signed by any other party. Each offer of settlement shall be accompanied by a motion to transmit the proposed agreement and order to the Commission. The motion shall outline the substantive provisions of the agreement and state reasons why it should be accepted by the Commission. (c) Contents. The proposed consent agreement and order which constitute the offer of settlement shall contain the following: (1) An admission of all jurisdictional facts; (2) An express waiver of further procedural steps and of all rights to seek judicial review or otherwise to contest the validity of the Commission order; (3) Provisions that the allegations of the complaint are resolved by the consent agreement and order; (4) A description of the alleged hazard, noncompliance, or violation; (5) If appropriate, a listing of the acts or practices from which the respondent shall refrain; and (6) If appropriate, a detailed statement of the corrective action(s) which the respondent shall undertake. In proceedings arising under Section 15 of the Consumer Product Safety Act, 15 U.S.C. 2064, this statement shall contain all the elements of a ``Corrective Action Plan,'' as outlined in the Commission's Interpretation, Policy, and Procedure for Substantial Product Hazards, 16 CFR part 1115. (d) Transmittal. The Presiding Officer may transmit to the Commission for decision all offers of settlement and accompanying memoranda that meet the requirements enumerated in paragraph (c) of this section. The Presiding Officer shall consider whether an offer of settlement is clearly frivolous, duplicative of offers previously made and rejected by the Commission or contrary to establish Commission policy. The Presiding Officer may, but need not, recommend acceptance of offers. Any party may object to the transmittal to the Commission of a proposed consent agreement by filing a response opposing the motion. (e) Stay of proceedings. When an offer of settlement has been agreed to by all parties and has been transmitted to the Commission, the proceedings shall be stayed until the Commission has ruled on the offer. When an offer of settlement has been made and transmitted to the Commission but has not been agreed to by all parties, the proceedings shall not be stayed pending Commission decision on the offer, unless otherwise ordered by the Presiding Officer or the Commission. (f) Commission ruling. The Commission shall rule upon all transmitted offers of settlement. If the Commission accepts the offer, the Commission shall issue an appropriate order, which shall become effective upon issuance. (g) Commission rejection. If the Commission rejects an offer of settlement, the Secretary, in writing, shall give notice of the Commission's decision to the parties and the Presiding Officer. If the proceedings have been stayed, the Presiding Officer shall promptly issue an order notifying the parties of the resumption of the proceedings, including any modifications to the schedule resulting from the stay of the proceedings. (h) Effect of rejected offer. Neither rejected offers of settlement, nor the fact of the proposal of offers of settlement are admissible in evidence. Subpart D_Discovery, Compulsory Process Sec. 1025.31 General provisions governing discovery. (a) Applicability. The discovery rules established in this subpart are applicable to the discovery of information among the parties in any proceedings. [[Page 82]] Parties seeking information from persons not parties may do so by subpoena in accordance with Sec. 1025.38 of these rules. (b) Discovery methods. Parties may obtain discovery by one or more of the following methods: (1) Written interrogatories; (2) Requests for production of documents or things; (3) Requests for admission; or (4) Depositions upon oral examination. Unless the Presiding Officer otherwise orders under paragraph (d) of this section, the frequency of use of these methods is not limited. (c) Scope of discovery. The scope of discovery is as follows: (1) In general. Parties may obtain discovery regarding any matter, not privileged, which is within the Commission's statutory authority and is relevant to the subject matter involved in the proceedings, whether it relates to the claim or defense of the party seeking discovery or to the claim or defense of any other party, including the existence, description, nature, custody, condition and location of any books, documents, or other tangible things and the identity and location of persons having knowledge of any discoverable matter. It is not ground for objection that the information sought will be inadmissible at the hearing if the information sought appears reasonably calculated to lead to the discovery of admissible evidence. (2) Privilege. Discovery may be denied or limited, or a protective order may be entered, to preserve the privilege of a witness, person, or governmental agency as governed by the Constitution, any applicable Act of Congress, or the principles of the common law as they may be interpreted by the Commission in the light of reason and experience. (3) Hearing preparation: materials. Subject to the provisions of paragraph (c)(4) of this section, a party may obtain discovery of documents and tangible things otherwise discoverable under paragraph (c)(1) of this section and prepared in anticipation of litigation or for hearing by or for another party or by or for that other party's representative (including his attorney or consultant) only upon a showing that the party seeking discovery has substantial need of the materials in the preparation of his case and that he is unable without unique hardship to obtain the substantial equivalent of the materials by other means. In ordering discovery of such materials when the required showing has been made, the Presiding Officer shall protect against disclosure of the mental impressions, conclusions, opinions, or legal theories of an attorney or other representative of a party. (4) Hearing preparation: experts. Discovery of facts known and opinions held by experts, otherwise discoverable under the provisions of paragraph (c)(1) of this section and acquired or developed in anticipation of litigation or for trial, may be obtained only as follows: (i)(A) A party may through interrogatories require any other party to identify each person whom the other party expects to call as an expert witness at trial, to state the subject matter on which the expert is expected to testify, to state the substance of the facts and opinions to which the expert is expected to testify, and to provide a summary of the grounds for each opinion. (B) Upon motion, the Presiding Officer may order further discovery by other means upon a showing of substantial cause and may exercise discretion to impose such conditions, if any, as are appropriate in the case. (ii) A party may discover facts known or opinions held by an expert who has been retained or specially employed by another party in anticipation of litigation or preparation for trial and who is not expected to be called as a witness at trial only upon a showing of exceptional circumstances under which it is impracticable for the party seeking discovery to obtain facts or opinions on the same subject by other means. (iii) The Presiding Officer may require as a condition of discovery that the party seeking discovery pay the expert a reasonable fee, but not more than the maximum specified in 5 U.S.C. 3109 for the time spent in responding to discovery. (d) Protective orders. Upon motion by a party and for good cause shown, the Presiding Officer may make any order [[Page 83]] which justice requires to protect a party or person from annoyance, embarrassment, competitive disadvantage, oppression, or undue burden or expense, including one or more of the following: (1) That the discovery shall not be had; (2) That the discovery may be had only on specified terms and conditions, including a designation of the time or place; (3) That the discovery shall be had only by a method of discovery other than that selected by the party seeking discovery; (4) That certain matters shall not be inquired into or that the scope of discovery shall be limited to certain matters; (5) That discovery shall be conducted with no one present except persons designated by the Presiding Officer; (6) That a trade secret or other confidential research, development, or commercial information shall not be disclosed or shall be disclosed only in a designated way or only to designated parties; and (7) That responses to discovery shall be placed in camera in accordance with Sec. 1025.45 of these rules. If a motion for a protective order is denied in whole or in part, the Presiding Officer may, on such terms or conditions as are appropriate, order that any party provide or permit discovery. (e) Sequence and timing of discovery. Discovery may commence at any time after filing of the answer. Unless otherwise provided in these Rules or by order of the Presiding Officer, methods of discovery may be used in any sequence and the fact that a party is conducting discovery, whether by deposition or otherwise, shall not operate to delay any other party's discovery. (f) Supplementation of responses. A party who has responded to a request for discovery with a response that was complete when made is under a duty to supplement that response to include information later obtained. (g) Completion of discovery. All discovery shall be completed as soon as practical but in no case longer than one hundred fifty (150) days after issuance of a complaint, unless otherwise ordered by the Presiding Officer in exceptional circumstances and for good cause shown. All discovery shall be commenced by a date which affords the party from whom discovery is sought the full response period provided by these Rules. (h) Service and filing of discovery. All discovery requests and written responses, and all notices of deposition, shall be filed with the Secretary and served on all parties and the Presiding Officer. (i) Control of discovery. The use of these discovery procedures is subject to the control of the Presiding Officer, who may issue any just and appropriate order for the purpose of ensuring their timely completion. Sec. 1025.32 Written interrogatories to parties. (a) Availability; procedures for use. Any party may serve upon any other party written interrogatories to be answered by the party served or, if the party served is a public or private corporation or a partnership or unincorporated association or governmental entity, by any officer or agent, who shall furnish such information as is available to the party. Interrogatories may, without leave of the Presiding Officer, be served upon any party after the filing of an answer. (b) Procedures for response. Each interrogatory shall be answered separately and fully in writing under oath, unless it is objected to, in which event the reasons for objection shall be stated in lieu of an answer. Each answer shall be submitted in double-spaced typewritten form and shall be immediately preceded by the interrogatory, in single-spaced typewritten form, to which the answer is responsive. The answers are to be signed by the person making them, and the objections signed by the person or representative making them. The party upon whom the interrogatories have been served shall serve a copy of the answers, and objections if any, within 30 days after service of the interrogatories. The Presiding Officer may allow a shorter or longer time for response. The party submitting the interrogatories may move for an order under Sec. 1025.36 of [[Page 84]] these rules with respect to any objection to, or other failure to answer fully, an interrogatory. (c) Scope of interrogatories. Interrogatories may relate to any matters which can be inquired into under Sec. 1025.31(c), and the answers may be used to any extent permitted under these rules. An interrogatory otherwise proper is not objectionable merely because an answer to the interrogatory would involve an opinion or contention which relates to fact or to the application of law to fact, but the Presiding Officer may order that such an interrogatory need not be answered until a later time. (d) Option to produce business records. Where the answer to an interrogatory may be derived or ascertained from the business records of the party upon whom the interrogatory has been served, or from an examination, audit, or inspection of such business records, or from a compilation, abstract, or summary of those records, and the burden of deriving the answer is substantially the same for the party serving the interrogatory as for the party served, it is a sufficient answer to the interrogatory to specify the records from which the answer may be derived or ascertained and to afford to the party serving the interrogatory reasonable opportunity to examine, audit, or inspect such records and to make copies, compilations, abstracts, or summaries. Sec. 1025.33 Production of documents and things. (a) Scope. Any party may serve upon any other party a request: (1) To produce and permit the party making the request, or someone acting on behalf of that party, to inspect and copy any designated documents (including writings, drawings, graphs, charts, photographs, phono-records, and any other data compilation from which information can be obtained, translated, if necessary, by the party in possession through detection devices into reasonably usable form), or to inspect and copy, test, or sample any tangible things which constitute or contain matters within the scope of Sec. 1025.31(c) and which are in the possession, custody, or control of the party upon whom the request is served, or (2) To permit entry upon designated land or other property in the possession or control of the party upon whom the request is served for the purpose of inspection (including photographing), or sampling any designated object or operation within the scope of Sec. 1025.31(c). (b) Procedure for request. The request may be served at any time after the filing of an answer without leave of the Presiding Officer. The request shall set forth the items to be inspected, either by individual item or by category, and shall describe each item or category with reasonable particularity. The request shall specify a reasonable time, place, and manner for making the inspection and performing the related acts. (c) Procedure for response. The party upon whom the request is served shall respond in writing within thirty (30) days after service of the request. The Presiding Officer may allow a shorter or longer time for response. The response shall state, with respect to each item or category requested, that inspection and related activities will be permitted as requested, unless the request is objected to, in which event the reasons for objection shall be stated. If objection is made to only part of an item or category, that part shall be specified. The party submitting the request may move for an order under Sec. 1025.36 with respect to any objection to or other failure to respond to the request or any part thereof, or to any failure to permit inspection as requested. (d) Persons not parties. This section does not preclude an independent action against a person not a party for production of documents and things. Sec. 1025.34 Requests for admission. (a) Procedure for request. A party may serve upon any other party a written request for the admission, for the purposes of the pending proceedings only, of the truth of any matters within the scope of Sec. 1025.31(c) set forth in the request that relate to statements of fact or of the application of law to fact, including the genuineness of any documents described in the request. Copies [[Page 85]] of documents shall be served with the request unless they have been or are otherwise furnished or made available for inspection and copying. The request may, without leave of the Presiding Officer, be served upon any party after filing of the answer. Each matter about which an admission is requested shall be separately set forth. (b) Procedure for response. The matter about which an admission is requested will be deemed admitted unless within thirty (30) days after service of the request, or within such shorter or longer time as the Presiding Officer may allow, the party to whom the request is directed serves upon the party requesting the admission a written answer or objection addressed to the matter, signed by the party or the party's representative and stating the reasons for the objections. The answer shall specifically admit or deny the matter or set forth in detail the reasons why the answering party cannot truthfully admit or deny the matter. A denial shall fairly meet the substance of the requested admission. When good faith requires that a party qualify an answer or deny only a part of the matter to which an admission is requested, the party shall specify the portion that is true and qualify or deny the remainder. An answering party may not give lack of information or knowledge as a reason for failure to admit or deny a fact unless the party states that he/she has made reasonable inquiry and that the information known or readily available to him/her is insufficient to enable him/her to admit or deny a fact. A party who considers that a matter to which an admission has been requested presents a genuine issue for hearing may not, on that ground alone, object to the request but may deny the matter or set forth reasons why the party cannot admit or deny it. The party who has requested an admission may move to determine the sufficiency of any answer or objection in accordance with Sec. 1025.36 of these Rules. If the Presiding Officer determines that an answer does not comply with the requirements of this section, he/she may order that the matter be deemed admitted or that an amended answer be served. (c) Effect of admission. Any matter admitted under this section is conclusively established unless the Presiding Officer on motion permits withdrawal or amendment of such admission. The Presiding Officer may permit withdrawal or amendment when the presentation of the merits of the action will be served thereby and the party who obtained the admission fails to satisfy the Presiding Officer that withdrawal or amendment will prejudice that party in maintaining an action or defense on the merits. Any admission made by a party under this section is for the purposes of the pending adjudication only and is not an admission by that party for any other purposes, nor may it be used against that party in any other proceedings. Sec. 1025.35 Depositions upon oral examination. (a) When depositions may be taken. At any time after the first prehearing conference, upon leave of the Presiding Officer and under such terms and conditions as the Presiding Officer may prescribe, any party may take the deposition of any other party, including the agents, employees, consultants, or prospective witnesses of that party at a place convenient to the deponent. The attendance of witnesses and the production of documents and things at the deposition may be compelled by subpoena as provided in Sec. 1025.38 of these rules. (b) Notice of deposition--(1) Deposition of a party. A party desiring to take a deposition of another party to the proceedings shall, after obtaining leave from the Presiding Officer, serve written notice of the deposition on all other parties and the Presiding Officer at least ten (10) days before the date noticed for the deposition. The notice shall state: (i) The time and place for the taking of the deposition; (ii) The name and address of each person to be deposed, if known, or if the name is not known, a general description sufficient to identify him/her; and (iii) The subject matter of the expected testimony. If a subpoena duces tecum is to be served on the person to be deposed, the designation of the materials to be produced, as set forth in [[Page 86]] the subpoena, shall be attached to or included in the notice of deposition. (2) Deposition of a non-party. A party desiring to take a deposition of a person who is not a party to the proceedings shall make application for the issuance of a subpoena, in accordance with Sec. 1025.38 of these rules, to compel the attendance, testimony, and/or production of documents by such non-party. The paty desiring such deposition shall serve written notice of the deposition on all other parties to the proceedings, after issuance of the subpoena. The date specified in the subpoena for the deposition shall be at least twenty (20) days after the date on which the application for the subpoena is made to the Presiding Officer. (3) Opposition to notice. A person served with a notice of deposition may oppose, in writing, the taking of the deposition within five (5) days of service of the notice. The Presiding Officer shall rule on the notice and any opposition and may order the taking of all noticed depositions upon a showing of good cause. The Presiding Officer may, for good cause shown, enlarge or shorten the time for the taking of a deposition. (c) Persons before whom depositions may be taken. Depositions may be taken before any person who is authorized to administer oaths by the laws of the United States or of the place where the examination is held. No deposition shall be taken before a person who is a relative, employee, attorney, or representative of any party, or who is a relative or employee of such attorney or representative, or who is financially interested in the action. (d) Taking of deposition--(1) Examination. Each deponent shall testify under oath, and all testimony shall be recorded. All parties or their representatives may be present and participate in the examination. Evidence objected to shall be taken subject to any objection. Objections shall include the grounds relied upon. The questions and answers, together with all objections made, shall be recorded by the official reporter before whom the deposition is taken. The original or a verified copy of all documents and things produced for inspection during the examination of the deponent shall, upon a request of any party present, be marked for identification and made a part of the record of the deposition. (2) Motion to terminate or limit examination. At any time during the deposition, upon motion of any party or of the deponent, and upon a showing that the examination is being conducted in bad faith or in such manner as unreasonably to annoy, embarrass or oppress the deponent or party, the Presiding Officer may order the party conducting the examination to stop the deposition or may limit the scope and manner of taking the deposition as provided in Sec. 1025.31(d) of these rules. (3) Participation by parties not present. In lieu of attending a deposition, any party may serve written questions in a sealed envelope on the party conducting the deposition. That party shall transmit the envelope to the official reporter, who shall unseal it and read the questions to the deponent. (e) Transcription and filing of depositions--(1) Transcription. Upon request by any party, the testimony recorded at a deposition shall be transcribed. When the testimony is fully transcribed, the deposition shall be submitted to the deponent for examination and signature and shall be read to or by the deponent, unless such examination and signature are waived by the deponent. Any change in form or substance which the deponent desires to make shall be entered upon the deposition by the official reporter with a statement of the reasons given by the deponent for making them. The deposition shall then be signed by the deponent, unless the deponent waives signature or is ill or cannot be found or refuses to sign. If the deposition is not signed by the deponent within thirty (30) days of its submission to him/her, the official reporter shall sign the deposition and state on the record the fact of the waiver of signature or of the illness or absence of the deponent or of the refusal to sign, together with a statement of the reasons therefor. The deposition may then be used as fully as though signed, in accordance with paragraph (i) of this section. (2) Certification and filing. The official reporter shall certify on the deposition that it was taken under oath and that the deposition is a true record of the [[Page 87]] testimony given and corrections made by the deponent. The official reporter shall then seal the deposition in an envelope endorsed with the title and docket number of the action and marked ``Deposition of [name of deponent]'' and shall promptly file the deposition with the Secretary. The Secretary shall notify all parties of the filing of the deposition and shall furnish a copy of the deposition to any party or to the deponent upon payment of reasonable charges. (f) Costs of deposition. The party who notices the deposition shall pay for the deposition. The party who requests transcription of the deposition shall pay for the transcription. (g) Failure to attend or to serve subpoena; expenses. If a party who notices a deposition fails to attend or conduct the deposition, and another party attends in person or by a representative pursuant to the notice, the Presiding Officer may order the party who gave the notice to pay to the attending party the reasonable expenses incurred. If a party who notices a deposition fails to serve a subpoena upon the deponent and as a result the deponent does not attend, and if another party attends in person or by a representative because that party expects the deposition to be taken, the Presiding Officer may order the party who gave notice to pay to the attending party the reasonable expenses incurred. (h) Deposition to preserve testimony--(1) When available. By leave of the Presiding Officer, a party may take the deposition of his/her own witness for the purpose of perpetuating the testimony of that witness. A party who wishes to conduct such a deposition shall obtain prior leave of the Presiding Officer by filing a motion. The motion shall include a showing of substantial reason to believe that the testimony could not be presented at the hearing. If the Presiding Officer is satisfied that the perpetuation of the testimony may prevent a failure of justice or is otherwise reasonably necessary, he/she shall order that the deposition be taken. (2) Procedure. Notice of a deposition to preserve testimony shall be served at least fifteen (15) days prior to the deposition unless the Presiding Officer authorizes less notice when warranted by extraordinary circumstances. The deposition shall be taken in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (d) of this section. Any deposition taken to preserve testimony shall be transcribed and filed in accordance with paragraph (e) of this section. (i) Use of depositions. At the hearing or upon a petition for interlocutory appeal, any part or all of a deposition may be used against any party who was present or represented at the deposition or who had reasonable notice of the deposition, in accordance with any of the following: (1) Any deposition may be used by any party for the purpose of contradicting or impeaching the testimony of the deponent as a witness. (2) The deposition of anyone who at the time of the taking of the deposition was an officer, director, managing agent, or person otherwise designated to testify on behalf of a public or private corporation, partnership or unincorporated association or governmental entity which is a party to the proceedings, may be used by any adverse party for any purpose. (3) The deposition of a witness may be used by any party for any purpose if the Presiding Officer finds: (i) That the witness is dead; or (ii) That the witness is out of the United States, unless it appears that the absence of the witness was procured by the party offering the deposition; or (iii) That the witness is unable to attend or testify because of age, illness, infirmity, or imprisonment; or (iv) That the party offering the depostion has been unable to procure the attendance of the witness by subpoena; or (v) That such exceptional circumstances exist as to make it desirable, in the interest of justice and with due regard for the importance of presenting the testimony of witnesses orally during the hearing, to allow the deposition to be used. (4) If only part of a deposition is offered in evidence by a party, any other party may move to introduce any other part of the deposition. [[Page 88]] Sec. 1025.36 Motions to compel discovery. If a party fails to respond to discovery, in whole or in part, the party seeking discovery may move within twenty (20) days for an order compelling an answer, or compelling inspection or production of documents, or otherwise compelling discovery. For purposes of this section, an evasive or incomplete response is to be treated as a failure to respond. When taking depositions, the discovering party shall continue the examination to the extent possible with respect to other areas of inquiry before moving to compel discovery. Sec. 1025.37 Sanctions for failure to comply with discovery orders. If a party fails to obey an order to provide or permit discovery, the Presiding Officer may take such action as is just, including but not limited to the following: (a) Infer that the admission, testimony, document or other evidence would have been adverse to the party; (b) Order that for the purposes of the proceedings, the matters regarding which the order was made or any other designated facts shall be taken to be established in accordance with the claim of the party obtaining the order; (c) Order that the party withholding discovery not introduce into evidence or otherwise rely, in support of any claim or defense, upon the documents or other evidence withheld; (d) Order that the party withholding discovery not introduce into evidence, or otherwise use at the hearing, information obtained in discovery; (e) Order that the party withholding discovery forfeit its right to object to introduction and use of secondary evidence to show what the withheld admission, testimony, documents, or other evidence would have shown; (f) Order that a pleading, or part of a pleading, or a motion or other submission by the party, concerning which the order was issued, be stricken, or that decision on the pleadings be rendered against the party, or both; and (g) Exclude the party or representative from the proceedings, in accordance with Sec. 1025.42(b) of these rules. Any such action may be taken by order at any point in the proceedings. Sec. 1025.38 Subpoenas. (a) Availability. A subpoena shall be addressed to any person not a party for the purpose of compelling attendance, testimony, and production of documents at a hearing or deposition, and may be addressed to any party for the same purposes. (b) Form. A subpoena shall identify the action with which it is connected; shall specify the person to whom it is addressed and the date, time, and place for compliance with its provisions; and shall be issued by order of the Commission and signed by the Secretary or by the Presiding Officer. A subpoena duces tecum shall specify the books, papers, documents, or other materials or data-compilations to be produced. (c) How obtained--(1) Content of application. An application for the issuance of a subpoena, stating reasons, shall be submitted in triplicate to the Presiding Officer. The Presiding Officer shall bring the application to the attention of the Commission by forwarding it or by communicating its contents by any other means, e.g., by telephone, to the Commission. (2) Procedure for application. The original and two copies of the subpoena, marked ``original,'' ``duplicate'' and ``triplicate,'' shall accompany the application. The Commission shall rule upon an application for a subpoena ex parte, by issuing the subpoena or by issuing an order denying the application. (d) Issuance of a subpoena. The Commission shall issue a subpoena by authorizing the Secretary or the Presiding Officer to sign and date each copy in the lower right-hand corner. The ``duplicate'' and ``triplicate'' copies of the subpoena shall be transmitted to the applicant for service in accordance with these Rules; the ``original'' shall be retained by, or be forwarded to, the Secretary for retention in the docket of the proceedings. (e) Service of a subpoena. A subpoena may be served in person or by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, as provided in Sec. 1025.16(b) of these rules. Service shall be made by [[Page 89]] delivery of the signed ``duplicate'' copy to the person named therein. (f) Return of service. A person serving a subpoena shall promptly execute a return of service, stating the date, time, and manner of service. If service is effected by mail, the signed return receipt shall accompany the return of service. In case of failure to make service, a statement of the reasons for the failure shall be made. The ``triplicate'' copy of the subpoena, bearing or accompanied by the return of service, shall be returned without delay to the Secretary after service has been completed. (g) Motion to quash or limit subpoena. Within five (5) days of receipt of a subpoena, the person to whom it is directed may file a motion to quash or limit the subpoena, setting forth the reasons why the subpoena should be withdrawn or why it should be limited in scope. Any such motion shall be answered within five (5) days of service and shall be ruled on immediately. The order shall specify the date, if any, for compliance with the specifications of the subpoena. (h) Consequences of failure to comply. In the event of failure by a person to comply with a subpoena, the Presiding Officer may take any of the actions enumerated in Sec. 1025.37 of these rules, or may order any other appropriate relief to compensate for the withheld testimony, documents, or other materials. If in the opinion of the Presiding Officer such relief is insufficient, the Presiding Officer shall certify to the Commission a request for judicial enforcement of the subpoena. Sec. 1025.39 Orders requiring witnesses to testify or provide other information and granting immunity. (a) Applicability to Flammable Fabrics Act only. This section applies only to proceedings arising under the Flammable Fabrics Act. (b) Procedure. A party who desires the issuance of an order requiring a witness or deponent to testify or provide other information upon being granted immunity from prosecution under title 18, United States Code, section 6002, may make a motion to that effect. The motion shall be made and ruled on in accordance with Sec. 1025.23 of these rules and shall include a showing: (1) That the testimony or other information sought from a witness or deponent, or prospective witness or deponent, may be necessary to the public interest; and (2) That such individual has refused or is likely to refuse to testify or provide such information on the basis of that individual's privilege against self-incrimination. (c) Approval of the Attorney General. If the Presiding Officer determines that the witness' testimony appears necessary and that the privilege against self-incrimination may be invoked, he/she may certify to the Commission a request that it obtain the approval of the Attorney General of the United States for the issuance of an order granting immunity. (d) Issuance of order granting immunity. Upon application to and approval by the Attorney General of the United States, and after the witness has invoked the privilege against self-incrimination, the Presiding Officer shall issue the order granting immunity unless he/she determines that the privilege was improperly invoked. (e) Sanctions for failure to testify. Failure of a witness to testify after a grant of immunity or after a denial of a motion for the issuance of an order granting immunity shall result in the imposition of appropriate sanctions as provided in Sec. 1025.37 of these rules. Subpart E_Hearings Sec. 1025.41 General rules. (a) Public hearings. All hearings conducted pursuant to these Rules shall be public unless otherwise ordered by the Commission or the Presiding Officer. (b) Prompt completion. Hearings shall proceed with all reasonable speed and, insofar as practicable and with due regard to the convenience of the parties, shall continue without suspension until concluded, except in unusual circumstances or as otherwise provided in these Rules. (c) Rights of parties. Every party shall have the right of timely notice and all other rights essential to a fair hearing, including, but not limited to, the rights to present evidence, to conduct [[Page 90]] such cross-examination as may be necessary for a full and complete disclosure of the facts, and to be heard by objection, motion, brief, and argument. (d) Rights of participants. Every participant shall have the right to make a written or oral statement of position and to file proposed findings of fact, conclusions of law, and a post hearing brief, in accordance with Sec. 1025.17(b) of these Rules. (e) Rights of witnesses. Any person compelled to testify in any proceedings in response to a subpoena may be accompanied, represented, and advised by legal counsel or other representative, and may purchase a transcript of his/her testimony. Sec. 1025.42 Powers and duties of Presiding Officer. (a) General. A Presiding Officer shall have the duty to conduct full, fair, and impartial hearings, to take appropriate action to avoid unnecessary delay in the disposition of proceedings, and to maintain order. He/she shall have all powers necessary to that end, including the following powers: (1) To administer oaths and affirmations; (2) To compel discovery and to impose appropriate sanctions for failure to make discovery; (3) To rule upon offers of proof and receive relevant, competent, and probative evidence; (4) To regulate the course of the proceedings and the conduct of the parties and their representatives; (5) To hold conferences for simplification of the issues, settlement of the proceedings, or any other proper purposes; (6) To consider and rule, orally or in writing, upon all procedural and other motions appropriate in adjudicative proceedings; (7) To issue Summary Decisions, Initial Decisions, Recommended Decisions, rulings, and orders, as appropriate; (8) To certify questions to the Commission for its determination; and (9) To take any action authorized by these Rules or the provisions of title 5, United States Code, sections 551-559. (b) Exclusion of parties by Presiding Officer. A Presiding Officer shall have the authority, for good cause stated on the record, to exclude from participation in any proceedings any party, participant, or representative who violates the requirements of Sec. 1025.66 of these rules. Any party, participant or representative so excluded may appeal to the Commission in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1025.24 of these rules. If the representative of a party or participant is excluded, the hearing may be suspended for a reasonable time so that the party or participant may obtain another representative. (c) Substitution of Presiding Officer. In the event of the substitution of a new Presiding Officer for the one originally designated, any motion predicated upon such substitution shall be made within five (5) days. (d) Interference. In the performance of adjudicative functions, a Presiding Officer shall not be responsible to or subject to the supervision or direction of any Commissioner or of any officer, employee, or agent engaged in the performance of investigative or prosecuting functions for the Commission. All directions by the Commission to a Presiding Officer concerning any adjudicative proceedings shall appear on and be made a part of the record. (e) Disqualification of Presiding Officer. (1) When a Presiding Officer considers himself/herself disqualified to preside in any adjudicative proceedings, he/she shall withdraw by notice on the record and shall notify the Chief Administrative Law Judge and the Secretary of such withdrawal. (2) Whenever, for good and reasonable cause, any party considers the Presiding Officer to be disqualified to preside, or to continue to preside, in any adjudicative proceedings, that party may file with the Secretary a motion to disqualify and remove, supported by affidavit(s) setting forth the alleged grounds for disqualification. A copy of the motion and supporting affidavit(s) shall be served by the Secretary on the Presiding Officer whose removal is sought. The Presiding Officer shall have ten (10) days to respond in writing to such motion. However, the motion shall not stay the proceedings unless [[Page 91]] otherwise ordered by the Presiding Officer or the Commission. If the Presiding Officer does not disqualify himself/herself, the Commission shall determine the validity of the grounds alleged, either directly or on the report of another Presiding Officer appointed to conduct a hearing for that purpose and, in the event of disqualification, shall take appropriate action by assigning another Presiding Officer or requesting loan of another Administrative Law Judge through the U.S. Office of Personnel Management. Sec. 1025.43 Evidence. (a) Applicability of Federal Rules of Evidence. Unless otherwise provided by statute or these rules, the Federal Rules of Evidence shall apply to all proceedings held pursuant to these Rules. However, the Federal Rules of Evidence may be relaxed by the Presiding Officer if the ends of justice will be better served by so doing. (b) Burden of proof. (1) Complaint counsel shall have the burden of sustaining the allegations of any complaint. (2) Any party who is the proponent of a legal or factual proposition shall have the burden of sustaining that proposition. (c) Admissibility. All relevant and reliable evidence is admissible, but may be excluded by the Presiding Officer if its probative value is substantially outweighed by unfair prejudice or confusion of the issues, or by considerations of undue delay, waste of time, immateriality, or needless presentation of cumulative evidence. (d) Official notice--(1) Definition. Official notice means use by the Presiding Officer or the Commission of facts not appearing on the record and legal conclusions drawn from those facts. An officially noticed fact or legal conclusion must be one not subject to reasonable dispute in that it is either: (i) Generally known within the jurisdiction of the Commission or (ii) Capable of accurate and ready determination by resort to sources whose accuracy cannot reasonably be questioned. (2) Method of taking official notice. The Presiding Officer and/or the Commission may at any time take official notice upon motion of any party or upon its own initiative. The record shall reflect the facts and conclusions which have been officially noticed. (e) [Reserved] (f) Offer of proof. When an objection to proffered testimony or documentary evidence is sustained, the sponsoring party may make a specific offer, either in writing or orally, of what the party expects to prove by the testimony or the document. When an offer of proof is made, any other party may make a specific offer, either in writing or orally, of what the party expects to present to rebut or contradict the offer of proof. Written offers of proof or of rebuttal, adequately marked for identification, shall accompany the record and be available for consideration by any reviewing authority. Sec. 1025.44 Expert witnesses. (a) Definition. An expert witness is one who, by reason of education, training, experience, or profession, has peculiar knowledge concerning the subject matter to which his/her testimony relates and from which he/she may draw inferences based upon hypothetically stated facts or offer opinions from facts involving scientific or technical knowledge. (b) Method of presenting testimony of expert witness. Except as may otherwise be ordered by the Presiding Officer, the direct testimony of an expert witness shall be in writing and shall be filed on the record and exchanged between the parties no later than ten (10) days preceding the commencement of the hearing. The written testimony of an expert witness shall be incorporated into the record and shall constitute the direct testimony of that witness. Upon a showing of good cause, the party sponsoring the expert witness may be permitted to amplify the written direct testimony during the hearing. (c) Cross-examination and redirect examination of expert witness. Cross-examination, redirect examination, and re-cross-examination of an expert witness shall proceed in due course based upon the written testimony and any amplifying oral testimony. (d) Failure to file or exchange written testimony. Failure to file or exchange written testimony of expert witnesses [[Page 92]] as provided in this section shall deprive the sponsoring party of the use of the expert witness and of the conclusions which that witness would have presented, unless the opposing parties consent or the Presiding Officer otherwise orders in unusual circumstances. Sec. 1025.45 In camera materials. (a) Definition. In camera materials are documents, testimony, or other data which by order of the Presiding Officer or the Commission are kept confidential and excluded from the public record. (b) In camera treatment of documents and testimony. The Presiding Officer or the Commission shall have authority, when good cause is found on the record, to order documents or testimony offered in evidence, whether admitted or rejected, to be received and preserve in camera. The order shall specify the length of time for in camera treatment and shall include: (1) A description of the documents or testimony; (2) The reasons for granting in camera treatment for the specified length of time; and (3) The terms and conditions imposed by the Presiding Official, if any, limiting access to or use of the in camera material. (c) Access and disclosure to parties. (1) Commissioners and their staffs, Presiding Officers and their staffs, and Commission staff members concerned with judicial review shall have complete access to in camera materials. Any party to the proceedings may seek access only in accordance with paragraph (c)(2) of this section. (2) Any party desiring access to, or disclosure of, in camera materials for the preparation and presentation of that party's case shall make a motion which sets forth its justification. The Presiding Officer or the Commission may grant such motion for good cause shown and shall enter a protective order prohibiting unnecessary disclosure and requiring any other necessary safeguards. The Presiding Officer or the Commission may examine the in camera materials and excise any portions prior to disclosure of the materials to the moving party. (d) Segregation of in camera materials. In camera materials shall be segregated from the public record and protected from public view. (e) Public release of in camera materials. In camera materials constitute a part of the confidential records of the Commission and shall not be released to the public until the expiration of in camera treatment. (f) Reference to in camera materials. In the submission of proposed findings, conclusions, briefs, or other documents, all parties shall refrain from disclosing specific details of in camera materials. However, such refraining shall not preclude general references to such materials. To the extent that parties consider necessary the inclusion of specific details of in camera materials, those references shall be incorporated into separate proposed findings, conclusions, briefs, or other documents marked ``Confidential, Contains In Camera Material,'' which shall be placed in camera and become part of the in camera record. Those documents shall be served only on parties accorded access to the in camera materials by these rules, the Presiding Officer, or the Commission. Sec. 1025.46 Proposed findings, conclusions, and order. Within a reasonable time after the closing of the record and receipt of the transcript, all parties and participants may file, simultaneously unless otherwise directed by the Presiding Officer, post-hearing briefs, including proposed findings of fact and conclusions of law, as well as a proposed order. The Presiding Officer shall establish a date certain for the filing of the briefs, which shall not exceed fifty (50) days after the closing of the record except in unusual circumstances. The briefs shall be in writing and shall be served upon all parties. The briefs of all parties shall contain adequate references to the record and authorities relied upon. Replies shall be filed within fifteen (15) days of the date for the filing of briefs unless otherwise established by the Presiding Officer. The parties and participants may waive either or both submissions. [[Page 93]] Sec. 1025.47 Record. (a) Reporting and transcription. Hearings shall be recorded and transcribed by the official reporter of the Commission under the supervision of the Presiding Officer. The original transcript shall be a part of the record of proceedings. Copies of transcripts are available from the reporter at a cost not to exceed the maximum rates fixed by contract between the Commission and the reporter. In accordance with Section 11 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (Pub. L. 92-463, 5 U.S.C. appendix I), copies of transcripts may be made by members of the public or by Commission personnel, when available, at the Office of the Secretary at reproduction costs as provided in Sec. 1025.49. (b) Corrections. Corrections of the official transcript may be made only when they involve errors affecting substance and then only in the manner described in this section. The Presiding Officer may order corrections, either on his/her own motion or on motion of any party. The Presiding Officer shall determine the corrections to be made and shall so order. Corrections shall be interlineated or otherwise inserted in the official transcript so as not to obliterate the original text. Sec. 1025.48 Official docket. The official docket in any adjudicatory proceedings shall be maintained in the Office of the Secretary and be available for public inspection during normal business hours of the Commission. Sec. 1025.49 Fees. (a) Fees for deponents and witnesses. Any person compelled to appear in person in response to a subpoena or notice of deposition shall be paid the same attendance and mileage fees as are paid witnesses in the courts of the United States, in accordance with title 28, United States Code, section 1821. The fees and mileage referred to in this paragraph shall be paid by the party at whose instance deponents or witnesses appear. (b) Fees for production of records. Fees charged for production or disclosure of records contained in the official docket shall be in accordance with the Commission's ``Procedures for Disclosures or Production of Information Under the Freedom of Information Act,'' title 16, Code of Federal Regulations, Sec. 1015.9. Subpart F_Decision Sec. 1025.51 Initial decision. (a) When filed. The Presiding Officer shall endeavor to file an Initial Decision with the Commission within sixty (60) days after the closing of the record or the filing of post-hearing briefs, whichever is later. (b) Content. The Initial Decision shall be based upon a consideration of the entire record and shall be supported by reliable, probative, and substantial evidence. The Initial Decision shall include: (1) Findings and conclusions, as well as the reasons or bases for such findings and conclusions, upon the material questions of fact, material issues of law, or discretion presented on the record, and should, where practicable, be accompanied by specific page citations to the record and to legal and other materials relied upon; and (2) An appropriate order. (c) By whom made. The Initial Decision shall be made and filed by the Presiding Officer who presided over the hearing, unless otherwise ordered by the Commission. (d) Reopening of proceedings by Presiding Officer; termination of jurisdiction. (1) At any time prior to, or concomitant with, the filing of the Initial Decision, the Presiding Officer may reopen the proceedings for the reception of further evidence. (2) Except for the correction of clerical errors, or where the proceeding is reopened by an order under paragraph (d)(1) of this section, the jurisdiction of the Presiding Officer is terminated upon the filing of the Initial Decision, unless and until such time as the matter may be remanded to the Presiding Officer by the Commission. Sec. 1025.52 Adoption of initial decision. The Initial Decision and Order shall become the Final Decision and Order of the Commission forty (40) days after issuance unless an appeal is noted and perfected or unless review is ordered by [[Page 94]] the Commission. Upon the expiration of the fortieth day, the Secretary shall prepare, sign, and enter an order adopting the Initial Decision and Order, unless otherwise directed by the Commission. Sec. 1025.53 Appeal from initial decision. (a) Who may file notice of intention. Any party may appeal an Initial Decision to the Commission, provided that within ten (10) days after issuance of the Initial Decision such party files and serves a notice of intention to appeal. (b) Appeal brief. An appeal is perfected by filing a brief within forty (40) days after service of the Initial Decision. The appeal brief must be served upon all parties. The appeal brief shall contain, in the order indicated, the following: (1) A subject index of the matters in the brief, with page references, and a table of cases (alphabetically arranged), textbooks, statutes, and other material cited, with page references thereto; (2) A concise statement of the case; (3) A statement containing the reasons why the party believes the Initial Decision is incorrect; (4) The argument, presenting clearly the points of fact and law relied upon to support each reason why the Initial Decision is incorrect, with specific page references to the record and the legal or other material relied upon; and (5) A proposed form of order for the Commission's consideration in lieu of the order contained in the Initial Decision. (c) Answering brief. Within thirty (30) days after service of the appeal brief upon all parties, any party may file an answering brief which shall contain a subject index, with page references, and a table of cases (alphabetically arranged), textbooks, statutes, and other material cited, with page references thereto. Such brief shall present clearly the points of fact and law relied upon in support of the reasons the party has for each position urged, with specific page references to the record and legal or other materials relied upon. (d) Participant's brief. Within thirty (30) days after service of the appeal brief upon all parties, any participant may file a brief on appeal, presenting clearly the position urged. (e) Cross appeal. If a timely notice of appeal is filed by a party, any other party may file a notice of cross appeal within ten (10) days of the date on which the first notice of appeal was filed. Cross appeals shall be included in the answering brief and shall conform to the requirements for form, content, and filing specified in paragraph (b) of this section for an appeal brief. If an appeal is noticed but not perfected, no cross appeal shall be permitted and the notice of cross appeal shall be deemed void. (f) Reply brief. A reply brief shall be limited to rebuttal of matters presented in answering briefs, including matters raised in cross-appeals. A reply brief shall be filed and served within fourteen (14) days after service of an answering brief, or on the day preceding the oral argument, whichever comes first. (g) Oral argument. The purpose of an oral argument is to emphasize and clarify the issues. The Commission may order oral argument upon request of any party or upon its own initiative. A transcript of oral arguments shall be prepared. A Commissioner absent from an oral argument may participate in the consideration of and decision on the appeal. Sec. 1025.54 Review of initial decision in absence of appeal. The Commission may, by order, review a case not otherwise appealed by a party. Should the Commission so order, the parties shall, and participants may, file briefs in accordance with Sec. 1025.53, except that the Commission may, in its discretion, establish a different briefing schedule in its order. The Commission shall issue its order within forty (40) days after issuance of the Initial Decision. The order shall set forth the issues which the Commission will review and may make provision for the filing of briefs. If the filing of briefs is scheduled by the Commission, the order shall designate which party or parties shall file the initial brief and which party or parties may thereafter file an answering brief, or the order [[Page 95]] may designate the simultaneous filing of briefs by the parties. Sec. 1025.55 Final decision on appeal or review. (a) Consideration of record. Upon appeal from or review of an Initial Decision, the Commission shall consider the record as a whole or such parts of the record as are cited or as may be necessary to resolve the issues presented and, in addition, shall, to the extent necessary or desirable, exercise all the powers which it could have exercised if it had made the Initial Decision. (b) Rendering of final decision. In rendering its decision, the Commission shall adopt, modify, or set aside the findings, conclusions, and order contained in the Initial Decision, and shall include in its Final Decision a statement of the reasons for its action and any concurring or dissenting opinions. The Commission shall issue an order reflecting its Final Decision. (c) Except as otherwise ordered by the Commission, the Commission shall endeavor to file its Decision within ninety (90) days after the filing of all briefs or after receipt of transcript of the oral argument, whichever is later. Sec. 1025.56 Reconsideration. Within twenty (20) days after issuance of a Final Decision and Order by the Commission, any party may file a petition for reconsideration of such decision or order, setting forth the relief desired and the grounds in support of the petition. Any petition filed under this section must be confined to new questions raised by the decision or order upon which the petitioner had no previous opportunity to argue. Any party desiring to oppose such a petition shall file an opposition to the petition within ten (10) days after sevice of the petition. The filing of a petition for reconsideration shall not stay the effective date of the Final Decision and Order or toll the running of any statutory time period affecting the Decision or Order unless specifically ordered by the Commission. Sec. 1025.57 Effective date of order. (a) Orders in proceedings arising under the Consumer Product Safety Act. An order of the Commission in proceedings arising under the Consumer Product Safety Act becomes effective upon receipt, unless otherwise ordered by the Commission. (b) Orders in proceedings arising under the Flammable Fabrics Act-- (1) Consent orders. An order in proceedings arising under the Flammable Fabrics Act, which has been issued following the Commission's acceptance of an offer of settlement in accordance with Sec. 1025.26 of these rules, becomes effective upon receipt of notice of Commission acceptance, unless otherwise ordered by the Commission. (2) Litigated orders. All other orders in proceedings arising under the Flammable Fabrics Act become effective upon the expiration of the statutory period for court review specified in Section 5(c) of the Federal Trade Commission Act, title 15, United States Code, section 45(c), or, if a petition for review has been filed, upon a court's affirmance of the Commission's order. (c) Consequences of failure to comply with effective order. A respondent against whom an order has been issued who is not in compliance with such order on or after the date the order becomes effective is in violation of such order and is subject to an immediate action for the civil or criminal penalties provided for in the applicable statute. Sec. 1025.58 Reopening of proceedings. (a) General. Any proceedings may be reopened by the Commission at any time, either on its own initiative or upon petition of any party to the proceedings. (b) Exception. Proceedings arising under the Flammable Fabrics Act shall not be reopened while pending in a United States court of appeals on a petition for review after the transcript of the record has been filed, or while pending in the Supreme Court of the United States. (c) Commission-originated reopening--(1) Before effective date of order. At any time before the effective date of a Commission order, the Commission may, upon its own initiative and without prior notice to the parties, reopen any proceedings and enter a new decision or order to modify or set aside, in whole [[Page 96]] or in part, the decision or order previously issued. (2) After effective date of order. Whenever the Commission is of the opinion that changed conditions of fact or law or the public interest may require that a Commission decision or order be altered, modified, or set aside in whole or in part, the Commission shall serve upon all parties to the original proceedings an order to show cause, stating the changes the Commission proposes to make in the decision or order and the reasons such changes are deemed necessary. Within thirty (30) days after service of an order to show cause, any party to the original proceedings, may file a response. Any party not responding to the order to show cause within the time allowed shall be considered to have consented to the proposed changes. (d) Petition for reopening. Whenever any person subject to a final order is of the opinion that changed conditions of fact or law require that the decision or order be altered, modified, or set aside, or that the public interest so requires, that person may petition the Commission to reopen the proceedings. The petition shall state the changes desired and the reasons those changes should be made, and shall include such supporting evidence and argument as will, in the absence of any opposition, provide the basis for a Commission decision on the petition. The petition shall be served upon all parties to the original proceedings. Within thirty (30) days after service of the petition, Complaint Counsel shall file a response. Any other party to the original proceedings also may file a response within that period. (e) Hearings--(1) Unopposed. Where an order to show cause or petition to reopen is not opposed, or is opposed but the pleadings do not raise issues of fact to be resolved, the Commission, in its discretion, may decide the matter on the order to show cause or petition and responses, or it may serve upon the parties a notice of hearing containing the date when the matter will be heard. The proceedings normally will be limited to the filing of briefs but may include oral argument when deemed necessary by the Commission. (2) Factual issues. When the pleadings raise substantial factual issues, the Commission may direct such hearings as it deems appropriate. Upon conclusion of the hearings, and after opportunity for the parties to file post-hearing briefs containing proposed findings of fact and conclusions of law, as well as a proposed order, the Presiding Officer shall issue a Recommended Decision, including proposed findings and conclusions, and the reasons, as well as a proposed Commission order. If the Presiding Officer recommends that the Commission's original order be reopened, the proposed order shall include appropriate provisions for the alteration, modification or setting aside of the original order. The record and the Presiding Officer's Recommended Decision shall be certified to the Commission for final disposition of the matter. (f) Commission disposition. Where the Commission has ordered a hearing, upon receipt of the Presiding Officer's Recommended Decision, the Commission shall make a decision and issue an order based on the hearing record as a whole. If the Commission determines that changed conditions of fact or law or the public interest requires, it shall reopen the order previously issued; alter, modify, or set aside the order's provisions in whole or in part; and issue an amended order reflecting the alterations, modifications, or deletions. If the Commission determines that the original order should not be reopened, it shall issue an order affirming the original order. A decision stating the reasons for the Commission's order shall accompany the order. Subpart G_Appearances, Standards of Conduct Sec. 1025.61 Who may make appearances. A party or participant may appear in person, or by a duly authorized officer, partner, regular employee, or other agent of the party or participant, or by counsel or other duly qualified representative, in accordance with Sec. 1025.65. Sec. 1025.62 Authority for representation. Any individual acting in a representative capacity in any adjudicative proceedings may be required by the Presiding Officer or the Commission to [[Page 97]] show his/her authority to act in such capacity. A regular employee of a party who appears on behalf of the party may be required by the Presiding Officer or the Commission to show his/her authority to so appear. Sec. 1025.63 Written appearances. (a) Filing. Any person who appears in any proceedings shall file a written notice of appearance with the Secretary or deliver a written notice of appearance to the Presiding Officer at the hearing, stating for whom the appearance is made and the name, address, and telephone number (including area code) of the person making the appearance and the date of the commencement of the appearance. The written appearance shall be made a part of the record. (b) Withdrawal. Any person who has previously appeared in any proceedings may withdraw his/her appearance by filing a written notice of withdrawal of appearance with the Secretary. The notice of withdrawal of appearance shall state the name, address, and telephone number (including area code) of the person withdrawing the appearance, for whom the appearance was made, and the effective date of the withdrawal of the appearance. Such notice of withdrawal shall be filed within five (5) days of the effective date of the withdrawal of the appearance. Sec. 1025.64 Attorneys. Any attorney at law who is admitted to practice before any United States court or before the highest court of any State, the District of Columbia, or any territory or commonwealth of the United States, may practice before the Commission. An attorney's own representation that he/she is in good standing before any of such courts shall be sufficient proof thereof, unless otherwise directed by the Presiding Officer or the Commission. Sec. 1025.65 Persons not attorneys. (a) Filing and approval of proof of qualifications. Any person who is not an attorney at law may be admitted to appear in any adjudicative proceedings as a representative of any party or participant if that person files proof to the satisfaction of the Presiding Officer that he/ she possesses the necessary knowledge of administrative procedures, technical, or other qualifications to render valuable service in the proceedings and is otherwise competent to advise and assist in the presentation of matters in the proceedings. An application by a person not an attorney at law for admission to appear in any proceedings shall be submitted in writing to the Secretary, not later than thirty (30) days prior to the hearing. The application shall set forth in detail the applicant's qualifications to appear in the proceedings. (b) Exception. Any person who is not an attorney at law and whose application has not been approved shall not be permitted to appear in Commission proceedings. However, this provision shall not apply to any person who appears before the Commission on his/her own behalf or on behalf of any corporation, partnership, or unincorporated association of which the person is a partner or general officer. Sec. 1025.66 Qualifications and standards of conduct. (a) Good faith transactions. The Commission expects all persons appearing in proceedings before the Commission or the Presiding Officer to act with integrity, with respect, and in an ethical manner. Business transacted before and with the Commission or the Presiding Officer shall be conducted in good faith. (b) Exclusion of parties, participants, or their representatives. To maintain orderly proceedings, the Commission or the Presiding Officer may exclude parties, participants, or their representatives for refusal to comply with directions, continued use of dilatory tactics, refusal to adhere to reasonable standards of orderly and ethical conduct, failure to act in good faith, or violation of the prohibition in Sec. 1025.68 against certain ex parte communications. (c) Exclusions from the record. The Presiding Officer or the Commission may disregard and order the exclusion from the record of any written or oral submissions or representations which are not made in good faith or which are unfair, incomplete, or inaccurate. [[Page 98]] (d) Appeal by excluded party. An excluded party, participant, or representative may petition the Commission to entertain an interlocutory appeal in accordance with Sec. 1025.24 of these rules. If, after such appeal, the representative of a party or participant is excluded, the hearing shall, at the request of the party or participant, be suspended for a reasonable time so that the party or participant may obtain another representative. Sec. 1025.67 Restrictions as to former members and employees. (a) Generally. Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (b) of this section, the post-employee restrictions applicable to former Commission members and employees, as set forth in the Commission's ``Post Employment Restrictions Applicable to Former Commission Officers and Employees'', 16 CFR part 1030, subpart L, shall govern the activities of former Commission members and employees in matters connected with their former duties and responsibilities. (b) Participation as witness. A former member or employee of the Commission may testify in any proceeding subject to these Rules concerning his/her participation in any Commission activity. This section does not constitute a waiver by the Commission of any objection provided by law to testimony that would disclose privileged or confidential material. The provisions of 18 U.S.C. 1905 prohibiting the disclosure of trade secrets also applies to testimony by former members and employees. (c) Procedure for requesting authorization to appear. In cases to which paragraph (a) of this section is applicable, a former member or employee of the Commission may request authorization to appear or participate in any proceedings or investigation by filing with the Secretary a written application disclosing the following information: (1) The nature and extent of the former member's or employee's participation in, knowledge of, and connection with the proceedings or investigation during his/her service with the Commission; (2) Whether the files of the proceedings or investigation came to his/her attention; (3) Whether he/she was employed in the directorate, division, or other organizational unit within the Commission in which the proceedings or investigation is or has been pending; (4) Whether he/she worked directly or in close association with Commission personnel assigned to the proceedings or investigation and, if so, with whom and in what capacity; and (5) Whether during service with the Commission, he/she was engaged in any matter concerning the person involved in the proceedings or investigation. (d) Denial of request to appear. The requested authorization shall not be given in any case: (1) Where it appears that the former member or employee, during service with the Commission, participated personally and substantially in the proceedings or investigation; or (2) Where the Commission is not satisfied that the appearance or participation will not involve any actual or apparent impropriety; or (3) In any case which would result in a violation of title 18, United States Code, section 207. Sec. 1025.68 Prohibited communications. (a) Applicability. This section is applicable during the period commencing with the date of issuance of a complaint and ending upon final Commission action in the matter. (b) Definitions--(1) Decision-maker. Those Commission personnel who render decisions in adjudicative proceedings under these rules, or who advise officials who render such decisions, including: (i) The Commissioners and their staffs; (ii) The Administrative Law Judges and their staffs; (iii) The General Counsel and his/her staff, unless otherwise designated by the General Counsel. (2) Ex parte communication. (i) Any written communication concerning a matter in adjudication which is made to a decision-maker by any person subject to these Rules, which is not served on all parties; or (ii) Any oral communication concerning a matter in adjudication which is made to a decision-maker by any person subject to these Rules, without [[Page 99]] advance notice to all parties to the proceedings and opportunity for them to be present. (c) Prohibited ex parte communications. Any oral or written ex parte communication relative to the merits of any proceedings under these Rules is a prohibited ex parte communication, except as otherwise provided in paragraph (d) of this section. (d) Permissible ex parte communications. The following communications shall not be prohibited under this section. (1) Ex parte communications authorized by statute or by these rules. (See, for example, Sec. 1025.38 which governs applications for the issuance of subpoenas.) (2) Any staff communication concerning judicial review or judicial enforcement in any matter pending before or decided by the Commission. (e) Procedures for handling prohibited ex parte communication--(1) Prohibited written ex parte communication. To the extent possible, a prohibited written ex parte communication received by any Commission employee shall be forwarded to the Secretary rather than to a decision- maker. A prohibited written ex parte communication which reaches a decision-maker shall be forwarded by the decision-maker to the Secretary. If the circumstances in which a prohibited ex parte written communication was made are not apparent from the communication itself, a statement describing those circumstances shall be forwarded with the communication. (2) Prohibited oral ex parte communication. (i) If a prohibited oral ex parte communication is made to a decision-maker, he/she shall advise the person making the communication that the communication is prohibited and shall terminate the discussion; and (ii) In the event of a prohibited oral ex parte communication, the decision-maker shall forward to the Secretary a signed and dated statement containing such of the following information as is known to him/her. (A) The title and docket number of the proceedings; (B) The name and address of the person making the communication and his/her relationship (if any) to the parties and/or participants to the proceedings; (C) The date and time of the communication, its duration, and the circumstances (e.g., telephone call, personal interview, etc.) under which it was made; (D) A brief statement of the substance of the matters discussed; and (E) Whether the person making the communication persisted in doing so after being advised that the communication was prohibited. (3) Filing. All communications and statements forwarded to the Secretary under this section shall be placed in a public file which shall be associated with, but not made a part of, the record of the proceedings to which the communication or statement pertains. (4) Service on parties. The Secretary shall serve a copy of each communication and statement forwarded under this section on all parties to the proceedings. However, if the parties are numerous, or if other circumstances satisfy the Secretary that service of the communication or statement would be unduly burdensome, he/she, in lieu of service, may notify all parties in writing that the communication or statement has been made and filed and that it is available for insection and copying. (5) Service on maker. The Secretary shall forward to the person who made the prohibited ex parte communication a copy of each communication or statement filed under this section. (f) Effect of ex parte communications. No prohibited ex parte communication shall be considered as part of the record for decision unless introduced into evidence by a party to the proceedings. (g) Sanctions. A person subject to these Rules who make, a prohibited ex parte communication, or who encourages or solicits another to make any such communication, may be subject to any appropriate sanction or sanctions, including but not limited to, exclusion from the proceedings and an adverse ruling on the issue which is the subject of the prohibited communication. [[Page 100]] Subpart H_Implementation of the Equal Access to Justice Act in Adjudicative Proceedings With the Commission Authority: Equal Access to Justice Act, Pub. L. 96-481, 94 Stat. 2325, 5 U.S.C. 504 and the Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C. 551 et seq. Source: 47 FR 25513, June 14, 1982, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1025.70 General provisions. (a) Purpose of this rule. The Equal Access to Justice Act, 5 U.S.C. 504 (called ``the EAJA'' in this subpart), provides for the award of attorney fees and other expenses to eligible persons who are parties to certain adversary adjudicative proceedings before the Commission. An eligible party may receive an award when it prevails over Commission complaint counsel, unless complaint counsel's position in the proceeding was substantially justified or special circumstances make an award unjust. This subpart describes the parties eligible for awards and the proceedings covered. The rules also explain how to apply for awards and the procedures and standards that the Commission will use to make them. (b) When the EAJA applies. The EAJA applies to any adversary adjudicative proceeding pending before the Commission at any time between October 1, 1981 and September 30, 1984. This includes proceedings commenced before October 1, 1981, if final Commission action has not been taken before that date, and proceedings pending on September 30, 1984, regardless of when they were initiated or when final Commission action occurs. (c) Proceedings covered. (1) The EAJA and this rule apply to adversary adjudicative proceedings conducted by the Commission. These are adjudications under 5 U.S.C. 554 in which the position of the Commission or any component of the Commission is represented by an attorney or other representative who enters an appearance and participates in the proceeding. The rules in this subpart govern adversary adjudicative proceedings relating to the provisions of sections 15 (c), (d) and (f) and 17(b) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2064 (c) (d) and (f); 2066(b)), sections 3 and 8(b) of the Flammable Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C. 1192, 1197(b)), and section 15 of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (15 U.S.C. 1274), which are required by statute to be determined on the record after opportunity for a public hearing. These rules will also govern administrative adjudicative proceedings for the assessment of civil penalties under section 20(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2068(a)). See 16 CFR 1025.1. (2) The Commission may designate a proceeding not listed in paragraph (c)(1) of this section as an adversary adjudicative proceeding for purposes of the EAJA by so stating in an order initiating the proceeding or designating the matter for hearing. The Commission's failure to designate a proceeding as an adversary adjudicative proceeding shall not preclude the filing of an application by a party who believes the proceeding is covered by the EAJA. Whether the proceeding is covered will then be an issue for resolution in proceedings on the application. (3) If a proceeding includes both matters covered by the EAJA and matters specifically excluded from coverage, any award made will include only fees and expenses related to covered issues. (d) Eligibility of applicants. (1) To be eligible for an award of attorney fees and other expenses under the EAJA, the applicant must be a party to the adversary adjudication for which it seeks an award. The term ``party'' is defined in 5 U.S.C. 551(3) and 16 CFR 1025.3(f). The applicant must show that it meets all conditions of eligibility set out in this paragraph and in Sec. 1025.71. (2) The types of eligible applicants are: (i) Individuals with a net worth of not more than $1 million; (ii) Sole owners of unincorporated businesses who have a net worth of not more than $5 million including both personal and business interests, and not more than 500 employees; (iii) Charitable or other tax-exempt organizations described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. 501(c)(3)) which have not more than 500 employees; (iv) Any other partnership, corporation, association, or public or private [[Page 101]] organization with a net worth of not more than $5 million and which have not more than 500 employees. (3) For the purpose of eligibility, the net worth and number of employees of an applicant shall be determined as of the date the proceeding was initiated. (4) An applicant who owns an unincorporated business will be considered as an ``individual'' rather than as a ``sole owner of an unincorporated business'' if the issues on which the applicant prevails are related primarily to personal interests rather than to business interests. (5) The number of employees of an applicant include all persons who regularly perform services for remuneration for the applicant, under the applicant's direction and control. Part-time employees shall be included on a proportional basis. (6) The net worth and number of employees of the applicant and all of its affiliates shall be aggregated to determine eligibility. For this purpose, affiliate means (i) An individual, corporation or other entity that directly or indirectly controls or owns a majority of the voting shares or other interest of the applicant, or (ii) Any corporation or other entity of which the applicant directly or indirectly owns or controls a majority of the voting shares or other interest. However, the presiding officer may determine that such treatment would be unjust and contrary to the purposes of the EAJA in light of the actual relationship between the affiliated entities. In addition, the presiding officer may determine that financial relationships of the applicant other than those described in this paragraph constitute special circumstances that would make an award unjust. (7) An applicant that participates in a proceeding primarily on behalf of one or more other persons or entities that would be ineligible is not itself eligible for an award. (8) An applicant that represents himself/herself regardless of whether he is licensed to practice law may be awarded all such expenses and fees available to other prevailing eligible parties. See 16 CFR 1025.61 and 1025.65 of the Commission's rules. (e) Standards for awards. (1) An eligible prevailing applicant may receive an award for fees and expenses incurred in connection with a proceeding, or in a significant and discrete substantive portion of the proceeding, unless the position of Commission complaint counsel over which the applicant has prevailed was substantially justified. Complaint counsel bear the burden of proof that an award should not be made to an eligible prevailing applicant. Complaint counsel may avoid the granting of an award by showing that its position was reasonable in law and fact. (2) An award will be reduced or denied if the applicant has unduly or unreasonably protracted the proceeding or if special circumstances make the award sought unjust. (f) Allowable fees and expenses. (1) Awards will be based on rates customarily charged by persons engaged in the business of acting as attorneys, agents and expert witnesses, even if the services were made available without charge or at a reduced rate to the applicant. (2) No award for the fee of an attorney or agent under these rules may exceed $75 per hour. No award to compensate an expert witness may exceed the highest rate at which the Commission is authorized to pay expert witnesses. However, an award may also include the reasonable expenses of the attorney, agent, or witness as a separate item, if the attorney, agent or witness ordinarily charges clients separately for such expenses. (3) In determining the reasonableness of the fee sought for an attorney, agent or expert witness, the presiding officer shall consider the following: (i) If the attorney, agent or witness is in private practice, his or her customary fee for similar services, or, if an employee of the applicant, the fully allocated cost of the services; (ii) The prevailing rate for similar services in the community in which the attorney, agent or witness ordinarily performs services; (iii) The time actually spent in the representation of the applicant; (iv) The time reasonably spent in light of the difficulty or complexity of the issues in the proceeding; and (v) Such other factors as may bear on the value of the services provided. [[Page 102]] (4) The reasonable cost of any study, analysis, engineering report, test, project or similar matter prepared on behalf of a party may be awarded, to the extent that the charge for the service does not exceed the prevailing rate for similar services, and the study or other matter was necessary for preparation of the applicant's case. (5) Fees may be awarded to eligible applicants only for service performed after the issuance of a complaint and the commencement of the adjudicative proceeding in accordance with 16 CFR 1025.11(a). (g) Rulemaking on maximum rates for attorney fees. (1) If warranted by an increase in the cost of living or by special circumstances, the Commission may adopt regulations providing that attorney fees may be awarded at a rate higher than $75 per hour in some or all of the types of proceedings covered by this subpart. The Commission will conduct any rulemaking proceedings for this purpose under the informal rulemaking procedures of the Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C. 533. (2) Any person may file with the Commission a petition for rulemaking to increase the maximum rate for attorney fees, in accordance with the Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C. 553(e). The petition should identify the rate the petitioner believes the Commission should establish and the types of proceedings in which the rate should be used. The petition should also explain fully the reasons why the higher rate is warranted. The Commission will respond to the petition within a reasonable time after it is filed, by initiating a rulemaking proceeding, denying the petition, or taking other appropriate action. (h) Presiding officer. The presiding oficer in a proceeding covered by this regulation is a person as defined in the Commission's Rules, 16 CFR 1025.3(i), who conducts an adversary adjudicative proceeding. Sec. 1025.71 Information required from applicant. (a) Contents of application. (1) An application for an award of fees and expenses under the EAJA shall identify the applicant and the proceeding for which an award is sought. The application shall show that the applicant has prevailed and identify the position of complaint counsel in the adjudicative proceeding that the applicant alleges was not substantially justified. Unless the applicant is an individual, the application shall also state the number of employees of the applicant and describe briefly the type and purpose of its organization or business. (2) The application shall also include a verified statement that the applicant's net worth does not exceed $1 million (if an individual) or $5 million (for all other applicants, including their affiliates). However, an applicant may omit this statement if it attaches a copy of a ruling by the Internal Revenue Service that it qualifies as an organization described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code or, in the case of a tax-exempt organization not required to obtain a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service on its exempt status, a statement that describes the basis for the applicant's belief that it qualifies under such section. (3) The application shall state the amount of fees and expenses for which an award is sought. (4) The application may also include any other matters that the applicant wishes the Commission to consider in determining whether and in what amount an award should be made. (5) The application shall be signed by the applicant or an authorized officer or attorney of the applicant. It shall also contain or be accompanied by a written verification under oath or under penalty of perjury that the information provided in the application is true and correct. (b) Net worth exhibit; confidential treatment. (1) Each applicant except a qualified tax-exempt organization or cooperative association must provide with its application a detailed exhibit showing the net worth of the applicant and any affiliates (as defined in Sec. 1025.70(d)(6) of this subpart) when the proceeding was initiated. The exhibit may be in any form convenient to the applicant that provides full disclosure of the applicant's and its affiliates' assets and liabilities and is sufficient to determine whether the applicant qualifies under the standards in this subpart. The presiding officer may require an applicant [[Page 103]] to file additional information to determine its eligibility for an award. (2) Ordinarily, the net worth exhibit will be included in the public record of the proceeding. However, an applicant that objects to public disclosure of information in any portion of the exhibit or to public disclosure of any other information submitted, and believes there are legal grounds for withholding it from disclosure, may move to have that information kept confidential and excluded from public disclosure in accordance with Sec. 1025.45 of the Commission rules for in camera materials, 16 CFR 1025.45. This motion shall describe the information sought to be withheld and explain, in detail, why it falls within one or more of the specific exemptions from mandatory disclosure under the Freedom of Information Act, 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(1)-(9). (3) Section 6(a)(2) of the Consumer Product Safety Act, 15 U.S.C. 2055(a)(2), provides that certain information which contains or relates to a trade secret or other matter referred to in section 1905 of title 18, United States Code, or subject to 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4) shall not be disclosed. This prohibition is an Exemption 3 statute under the Freedom of Information Act, 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(3). Material submitted as part of an application for which in camera treatment is granted shall be available to other parties only in accordance with 16 CFR 1025.45(c) of the Commission Rules and, if applicable, section 6(a)(2) of the CPSA. If the presiding officer determines that the information should not be withheld from disclosure because it does not fall within section 6(a)(2) of the CPSA, he shall place the information in the public record but only after notifying the submitter of the information in writing of the intention to disclose such document at a date not less than 10 days after the date of receipt of notification. Otherwise, any request to inspect or copy the exhibit shall be disposed of in accordance with the Commission's established procedures under the Freedom of Information Act (see 16 CFR part 1015). (c) Documentation of fees and expenses. The application shall be accompanied by full documentation of the fees and expenses, including the cost of any study, analysis, engineering report, test, project or similar matter, for which an award is sought. A separate itemized statement shall be submitted for each professional firm or individual whose services are covered by the application, showing the hours spent in connection with the proceeding by each individual, a description of the specific services performed, the rate at which each fee has been computed, any expenses for which reimbursement is sought, the total amount claimed, and the total amount paid or payable by the applicant or by any other person or entity for the services provided. The presiding officer may require the applicant to provide vouchers, receipts; or other substantiation for any expenses claimed. (d) When an application may be filed. (1) An application may be filed whenever the applicant has prevailed in a proceeding covered by this subpart or in a significant and discrete substantive portion of the proceeding. However, an application must be filed no later than 30 days after the Commission's final disposition of such a proceeding. (2) If review or reconsideration is sought or taken of a decision as to which an applicant believes it has prevailed, proceedings for the award of fees shall be stayed pending final disposition of the underlying controversy. (3) If review or reconsideration is sought or taken of a decision as to which an applicant believes it has prevailed, proceedings for the award of fees shall be stayed pending final disposition of the underlying controversy. (4) For purposes of this subpart, final disposition means the later of: (i) The date on which an initial decision by the presiding officer becomes final, see 16 CFR 1025.52; (ii) The date on which the Commission issues a final decision (See 16 CFR 1025.55); (iii) The date on which the Commission issues an order disposing of any petitions for reconsideration of the Commission's final order in the proceeding (See 16 CFR 1025.56; or (iv) Issuance of a final order or any other final resolution of a proceeding, such as a settlement or voluntary dismissal, which is not subject to a petition for reconsideration. [[Page 104]] (e) Where an application must be filed. The application for award and expenses must be submitted to the Office of the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, D.C. 20207 in accordance with the application requirements of this section. Sec. 1025.72 Procedures for considering applications. (a) Filing and service of documents. Any application for an award or other pleading or document related to an application shall be filed and served on all parties to the proceeding in the same manner as provided in the Commission's Rules of Practice, 16 CFR 1025.11-1025.19. (b) Answer to application. (1) Within 30 days after service of an application for an award of fees and expenses, complaint counsel in the underlying administrative proceeding upon which the application is based may file an answer to the application. Unless complaint counsel requests an extension of time for filing or files a statement of intent to negotiate under paragraph (b)(2) of this section, failure to file an answer within the 30-day period may be treated as a consent to the award requested. (2) If complaint counsel and the applicant believe that the issues in the fee application can be settled, they may jointly file a statement of their intent to negotiate a settlement. The filing of this statement shall extend the time for filing an answer for an additional 30 days, and further extensions may be granted by the presiding officer upon request by complaint counsel and the applicant. (3) The answer shall explain in detail any objections to the award requested and identify the facts relied on in support of Commission counsel's position. If the answer is based on any alleged facts not already in the record of the proceeding, complaint counsel shall include with the answer either supporting affidavits or a request for further proceedings under paragraph (f) of this section. (c) Reply. Within 15 days after service of an answer, the applicant may file a reply. If the reply is based on any alleged facts not already in the record of the proceeding, the applicant shall include with the reply either supporting affidavits or a request for further proceedings under paragraph (f) of this section. (d) Comments by other parties. Any party to a proceeding other than the applicant and complaint counsel may file comments on an application within 30 days after it is served or on an answer within 15 days after it is served. A commenting party may not participate further in proceedings on the application unless the presiding officer determines that the public interest requires such participation in order to permit full exploration of matters raised in the comments. (e) Settlement. The applicant and complaint counsel may agree on a proposed settlement of the award before final action on the application, either in connection with a settlement of the underlying proceeding, or after the underlying proceeding has been concluded, in accordance with the Commission's standard settlement procedure (See 16 CFR 1115.20(b), 1118.20, 1025.26, and 1605.3). If a prevailing party and complaint counsel agree on a proposed settlement of an award before an application has been filed, the application shall be filed with the proposed settlement. (f) Further proceedings. (1) Ordinarily, the determination of an award will be made on the basis of the written record. However, on request of either the applicant or complaint counsel, or on his or her own initiative, the presiding officer may order further proceedings. Such further proceedings shall be held only when necessary for full and fair resolution of the issues arising from the application, and shall be conducted as promptly as possible. (2) A request that the presiding officer order further proceedings under this paragraph shall specifically identify the information sought or the disputed issues and shall explain why the additional proceedings are necessary to resolve the issues. (g) Initial decision. The presiding officer shall endeavor to issue an initial decision on the application within 30 days after completion of proceedings on the application. The decision shall include written findings and conclusions on the applicant's eligibility and [[Page 105]] status as a prevailing party, and an explanation of the reasons for any difference between the amount requested and the amount awarded. The decision shall also include, if at issue, findings on whether the complaint counsel's position was substantially justified, whether the applicant unduly protracted the proceedings, or whether special circumstances make an award unjust. If the applicant has sought an award against more than one agency, the decision of this Commission will only address the allocable portion for which this Commission is responsible to the eligible prevailing party. (h) Agency review. (1) Either the applicant or complaint counsel may seek review of the initial decision on the fee application, or the Commission may decide to review the decision on its own initiative, in accordance with 16 CFR 1025.54, 1025.55 and 1025.56. (2) If neither the applicant nor Commission complaint counsel seeks review and the Commission does not take review on its own initiative, the initial decision on the application shall become a final decision of the Commission 30 days after it is issued. (3) If an appeal from or review of an initial decision under this subpart is taken, the Commission shall endeavor to issue a decision on the application within 90 days after the filing of all briefs or after receipt of transcripts of the oral argument, whichever is later, or remand the application to the presiding officer for further proceedings. (i) Judicial review. Judicial review of final Commission decisions on awards may be sought as provided in 5 U.S.C. 504(c)(2). (j) Payment of award. An applicant seeking payment of an award shall submit to the Secretary of the Commission a copy of the Commission's final decision granting the award, accompanied by a verified statement that the applicant will not seek review of the decision in the United States courts. (Office of the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, D.C. 20207.) The Commission will pay the amount awarded to the applicant within 60 days, unless judicial review of the award or of the underlying decision of the adversary adjudication has been sought by the applicant or any other party to the proceeding. Comments and accompanying material may be seen in or copies obtained from the Office of the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, D.C. 20207, during working hours Monday through Friday. Sec. Appendix I to Part 1025--Suggested Form of Final Prehearing Order Case Caption A final prehearing conference was held in this matter, pursuant to Rule 21 of the Commission's Rules of Practice for Adjudicative Proceedings (16 CFR 1025.21), on the ______ day of ______, 19__, at __ o'clock, _ stm. Counsel appeared as follows: For the Commission staff: For the Respondent(s): Others: 1. Nature of Action and Jurisdiction. This is an action for __________ and the jurisdiction of the Commission is invoked under United States Code, Title______, Section ______ and under the Code of Federal Regulations, Title ____, Section ____. The jurisdiction of the Commission is (not) disputed. The question of jurisdiction was decided as follows: 2. Stipulations and Statements. The following stipulation(s) and statement(s) were submitted, attached to, and made a part of this order: (a) A comprehensive written stipulation or statement of all uncontested facts; (b) A concise summary of the ultimate facts as claimed by each party. (Complaint Counsel must set forth the claimed facts, specifically; for example, if a violation is claimed, Complaint Counsel must assert specifically the acts of violation complained of; each respondent must reply with equal clarity and detail.) (c) Written stipulation(s) or statement(s) setting forth the qualifications of the expert witnesses to be called by each party; (d) Written list(s) of the witnesses whom each party will call, written list(s) of the additional witnesses whom each party may call, and a statement of the subject matter on which each witness will testify; (e) An agreed statement of the contested issues of fact and of law, or separate statements by each party of any contested issues of fact and law not agreed to; (f) A list of all depositions to be read into evidence and statements of any objections thereto; (g) A list and brief description of any charts, graphs, models, schematic diagrams, and similar objects that will be used in opening statements or closing arguments but will not be offered in evidence. If any other such objects are to be used by any party, those objects will be submitted to opposing counsel [[Page 106]] at least three days prior to the hearing. If there is then any objection to their use, the dispute will be submitted to the Presiding Officer at least one day prior to the hearing; (h) Written waivers of claims or defenses which have been abandoned by the parties. The foregoing were modified at the pretrial conference as follows: (To be completed at the conference itself. If none, recite ``none''.) 3. Complaint Counsel's Evidence. 3.1 The following exhibits were offered by Complaint Counsel, received in evidence, and marked as follows: (Identification number and brief description of each exhibit) The authenticity of these exhibits has been stipulated. 3.2 The following exhibits were offered by Complaint Counsel and marked for identification. There was reserved to the respondent(s) (and party intervenors) the right to object to their receipt in evidence on the grounds stated: (Identification number and brief description of each exhibit. State briefly ground of objection, e.g., competency, relevancy, materiality) 4. Respondent's Evidence. 4.1 The following exhibits were offered by the respondent(s), received in evidence, and marked as herein indicated: (Identification number and brief description of each exhibit) The authenticity of these exhibits has been stipulated. 4.2 The following exhibits were offered by the respondent(s) and marked for identification. There was reserved to Complaint Counsel (and party intervenors) the right to object to their receipt in evidence on the grounds stated: (Identification number and brief description of each exhibit. State briefly ground of objection, e.g., competency, relevancy, materiality) 5. Party Intervenor's Evidence. 5.1 The following exhibits were offered by the party intervenor(s), received in evidence, and marked as herein indicated: (Identification number and brief description of each exhibit) The authenticity of these exhibits has been stipulated. 5.2 The following exhibits were offered by the party intervenor(s) and marked for identification. There was reserved to Complaint Counsel and respondent(s) the right to object to their receipt in evidence on the grounds stated: (Identification number and brief description of each exhibit. State briefly ground of objection, e.g., competency, relevancy, materiality) Note: If any other exhibits are to be offered by any party, such exhibits will be submitted to opposing counsel at least ten (10) days prior to hearing, and a supplemental note of evidence filed into this record. 6. Additional Actions. The following additional action(s) were taken: (Amendments to pleadings, agreements of the parties, disposition of motions, separation of issues of liability and remedy, etc., if necessary) 7. Limitations and Reservations. 7.1 Each of the parties has the right to further supplement the list of witnesses not later than ten (10) days prior to commencement of the hearing by furnishing opposing counsel with the name and address of the witness and general subject matter of his/her testimony and by filing a supplement to this pretrial order. Thereafter, additional witnesses may be added only after application to the Presiding Officer, for good cause shown. 7.2 Rebuttal witnesses not listed in the exhibits to this order may be called only if the necessity of their testimony could not reasonably be foreseen ten (10) days prior to trial. If it appears to counsel at any time before trial that such rebuttal witnesses will be called, notice will immediately be given to opposing counsel and the Presiding Officer. 7.3 The probable length of hearing is __ days. The hearing will commence on the ______ day of ______, 19__, at __ o'clock _ m. at ____. 7.4 Prehearing briefs will be filed not later than 5:00 p.m. on __________ (Insert date not later than ten (10) days prior to the hearing.) All anticipated legal questions, including those relating to the admissibility of evidence, must be covered by prehearing briefs. This prehearing order has been formulated after a conference at which counsel for the respective parties appeared. Reasonable opportunity has been afforded counsel for corrections or additions prior to signing. It will control the course of the hearing, and it may not be amended except by consent of the parties and the Presiding Officer, or by order of the Presiding Officer to prevent manifest injustice. ________________________________________________________________________ Presiding Officer. Dated:__________________________________________________________________ Approved as to Form and Substance Date:___________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Complaint Counsel. ________________________________________________________________________ Attorney for Respondent(s) ________________________________________________________________________ * Attorney for Intervenors * Note: Where intervenors appear pursuant to Sec. 1025.17 of these Rules, the prehearing order may be suitably modified; the initial page may be modified to reflect the intervention. [[Page 107]] PART 1027_SALARY OFFSET--Table of Contents Sec. 1027.1 Purpose and scope. 1027.2 Definitions. 1027.3 Applicability. 1027.4 Notice requirements before offset. 1027.5 Hearing. 1027.6 Written decision. 1027.7 Coordinating offset with another Federal agency. 1027.8 Procedures for salary offset. 1027.9 Refunds. 1027.10 Statute of limitations. 1027.11 Non-waiver of rights. 1027.12 Interest, penalties, and administrative costs. Authority: 5 U.S.C. 5514, E.O. 11809 (redesignated E.O. 12107), and 5 CFR part 550, subpart K. Source: 55 FR 34904, Aug. 27, 1990, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1027.1 Purpose and scope. (a) This regulation provides procedures for the collection by administrative offset of a Federal employee's salary without his/her consent to satisfy certain debts owed to the Federal government. These regulations apply to all Federal employees who owe debts to the Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) and to current employees of CPSC who owe debts to other Federal agencies. This regulation does not apply when the employee consents to recovery from his/her current pay account. (b) This regulation does not apply to debts or claims arising under: (1) The Internal Revenue Code of 1954, as amended, 26 U.S.C. 1 et seq.; (2) The Social Security Act, 42 U.S.C. 301 et seq.; (3) The tariff laws of the United States; or (4) Any case where a collection of a debt by salary offset is explicitly provided for or prohibited by another statute. (c) This regulation does not apply to any adjustment to pay arising out of an employee's selection of coverage or a change in coverage under a Federal benefits program requiring periodic deductions from pay if the amount to be recovered was accumulated over four pay periods or less. (d) This regulation does not preclude the compromise, suspension, or termination of collection action where appropriate under the standards implementing the Federal Claims Collection Act, 31 U.S.C. 3711 et seq, and 4 CFR parts 101 through 105. (e) This regulation does not preclude an employee from requesting waiver of an overpayment under 5 U.S.C. 5584, 10 U.S.C. 2774, or 32 U.S.C. 716, or in any way questioning the amount or validity of the debt by submitting a subsequent claim to the General Accounting Office. This regulation does not preclude an employee from requesting a waiver pursuant to other statutory provisions applicable to the particular debt being collected. (f) Matters not addressed in these regulations should be reviewed in accordance with the Federal Claims Collection Standards at 4 CFR 101.1 et seq. Sec. 1027.2 Definitions. For the purposes of this part the following definitions will apply: Agency means an executive agency as defined at 5 U.S.C. 105, including the U.S. Postal Service and the U.S. Postal Rate Commission; a military department as defined at 5 U.S.C. 102; an agency or court in the judicial branch; an agency of the legislative branch, including the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives; and other independent establishments that are entities of the Federal government. Certification means a written debt claim received from a creditor agency which requests the paying agency to offset the salary of an employee. CPSC or Commission means the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Creditor agency means an agency of the Federal Government to which the debt is owed. Debt means an amount owed by a Federal employee to the United States from sources which include loans insured or guaranteed by the United States and all other amounts due the United States from fees, leases, rents, royalties, services, sales of real or personal property, overpayments, penalties, damages, interests, fines, forfeitures (except those arising under the Uniform Code of Military Justice), and all other similar sources. [[Page 108]] Disposable pay means the amount that remains from an employee's Federal pay after required deductions for social security, Federal, State or local income tax, health insurance premiums, retirement contributions, life insurance premiums, Federal employment taxes, and any other deductions that are required to be withheld by law. Executive Director means the Executive Director of the Consumer Product Safety Commission, who is the person designated by the Chairman to determine whether an employee is indebted to the United States and to take action to collect such debts. Hearing official means an individual responsible for conducting a hearing with respect to the existence or amount of a debt claimed, or the repayment schedule of a debt, and who renders a decision on the basis of such hearing. A hearing official may not be under the supervision or control of the Chairman of the Commission. Paying agency means the agency that employs the individual who owes the debt and authorizes the payments of his/her current pay. Salary offset means an administrative offset to collect a debt pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 5514 by deduction(s) at one or more officially established pay intervals from the current pay account of an employee without his/her consent. Sec. 1027.3 Applicability. (a) These regulations are to be followed when: (1) The Commission is owed a debt by an individual who is a current employee of the CPSC; or (2) The Commission is owed a debt by an individual currently employed by another Federal agency; or (3) The Commission employs an individual who owes a debt to another federal agency. Sec. 1027.4 Notice requirements before offset. (a) Salary offset shall not be made against an employee's pay unless the employee is provided with written notice signed by the Executive Director of the debt at least 30 days before salary offset commences. (b) The written notice shall contain: (1) A statement that the debt is owed and an explanation of its nature and amount; (2) The agency's intention to collect the debt by deducting from the employee's current disposable pay account; (3) The amount, frequency, proposed beginning date, and duration of the intended deduction(s); (4) An explanation of interest, penalties, and administrative charges, including a statement that such charges will be assessed unless excused in accordance with the Federal Claims Collections Standards at 4 CFR 101.1 et seq; (5) The employee's right to inspect, request, and receive a copy of government records relating to the debt; (6) The employee's opportunity to establish a written schedule for the voluntary repayment of the debt in lieu of offset; (7) The employee's right to an oral hearing or a determination based on a review of the written record (``paper hearing'') conducted by an impartial hearing official concerning the existence or the amount of the debt, or the terms of the repayment schedule; (8) The procedures and time period for petitioning for a hearing; (9) A statement that a timely filing of a petition for a hearing will stay the commencement of collection proceedings; (10) A statement that a final decision on the hearing (if requested) will be issued by the hearing official not later than 60 days after the filing of the petition requesting the hearing unless the employee requests and the hearing official grants a delay in the proceedings; (11) A statement that knowingly false or frivolous statements, representations, or evidence may subject the employee to appropriate disciplinary procedures and/or statutory penalties; (12) A statement of other rights and remedies available to the employee under statutes or regulations governing the program for which the collection is being made; (13) Unless there are contractual or statutory provisions to the contrary, a statement that amounts paid on or deducted for the debt which are later waived or found not owed to the United States will be promptly refunded to the employee; and [[Page 109]] (14) A statement that the proceedings regarding such debt are governed by section 5 of the Debt Collection Act of 1982 (5 U.S.C. 5514). Sec. 1027.5 Hearing. (a) Request for hearing. (1) An employee may file a petition for an oral or paper hearing in accordance with the instructions outlined in the agency's notice to offset. (2) A hearing may be requested by filing a written petition addressed to the Executive Director stating why the employee disputes the existence or amount of the debt or, in the case of an individual whose repayment schedule has been established other than by a written agreement, concerning the terms of the repayment schedule. The petition for a hearing must be received by the Executive Director not later than fifteen (15) calendar days after the employee's receipt of the offset notice, or notice of the terms of the payment schedule, unless the employee can show good cause for failing to meet the filing deadline. (b) Hearing procedures. (1) The hearing will be presided over by an impartial hearing official. (2) The hearing shall conform to procedures contained in the Federal Claims Collection Standards, 4 CFR 102.3(c). The burden shall be on the employee to demonstrate that the existence or the amount of the debt is in error. Sec. 1027.6 Written decision. (a) The hearing official shall issue a final written opinion no later than 60 days after the filing of the petition. (b) The written opinion will include: A statement of the facts presented to demonstrate the nature and origin of the alleged debt; the hearing official's analysis, findings, and conclusions; the amount and validity of the debt; and the repayment schedule. Sec. 1027.7 Coordinating offset with another Federal agency. (a) The CPSC as the creditor agency. (1) When the Executive Director determines that an employee of another agency (i.e., the paying agency) owes a debt to the CPSC, the Executive Director shall, as appropriate: (i) Certify in writing to the paying agency that the employee owes the debt, the amount and basis of the debt, the date on which payment was due, and the date the Government's right to collect the debt accrued, and that this part 1027 has been approved by the Office of Personnel Management. (ii) Unless the employee has consented to salary offset in writing or signed a statement acknowledging receipt of the required procedures, and the written consent is sent to the paying agency, the Executive Director must advise the paying agency of the action(s) taken under this part 1027, and the date(s) they were taken. (iii) Request the paying agency to collect the debt by salary offset. If deductions must be made in installments, the Executive Director may recommend to the paying agency the amount or percentage of disposable pay to be collected in each installment; (iv) Arrange for a hearing upon the proper petitioning by the employee; (v) If the employee is in the process of separating from the Federal service, the CPSC must submit its debt claim to the paying agency as provided in this part. The paying agency must certify the total amount collected, give a copy of the certification to the employee, and send a copy of the certification and notice of the employee's separation to the CPSC. If the paying agency is aware that the employee is entitled to Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund or other similar payments, it must certify to the agency responsible for making such payments that the debtor owes a debt, including the amount of the debt, and that the provisions of 5 CFR 550.1108 have been followed; and (vi) If the employee has already separated from federal service and all payments due from the paying agency have been paid, the Executive Director may request, unless otherwise prohibited, that money payable to the employee from the Civil Service Retirement and Disability Fund or other similar funds be collected by administrative offset. (2) [Reserved] (b) The CPSC as the paying agency. (1) Upon receipt of a properly certified [[Page 110]] debt claim from another agency, deductions will be scheduled to begin at the next established pay interval. The employee must receive written notice that CPSC has received a certified debt claim from the creditor agency, the amount of the debt, the date salary offset will begin, and the amount of the deduction(s). CPSC shall not review the merits of the creditor agency's determination of the validity or the amount of the certified claim. (2) If the employee transfers to another agency after the creditor agency has submitted its debt claim to CPSC and before the debt is collected completely, CPSC must certify the amount collected. One copy of the certification must be furnished to the employee. A copy must be furnished to the creditor agency with notice of the employee's transfer. Sec. 1027.8 Procedures for salary offset. (a) Deductions to liquidate an employee's debt will be by the method and in the amount stated in the Executive Director's notice of intention to offset as provided in Sec. 1027.4. Debts will be collected in one lump sum where possible. If the employee is financially unable to pay in one lump sum, collection must be made in installments. (b) Debts will be collected by deduction at officially established pay intervals from an employee's current pay account unless alternative arrangements for repayment are made. (c) Installment deductions will be made over a period not greater than the anticipated period of employment. The size of installment deductions must bear a reasonable relationship to the size of the debt and the employee's ability to pay. The deduction for the pay intervals for any period must not exceed 15% of disposable pay unless the employee has agreed in writing to a deduction of a greater amount. (d) Unliquidated debts may be offset against any financial payment due to a separated employee including but not limited to final salary or leave payment in accordance with 31 U.S.C. 3716. Sec. 1027.9 Refunds. (a) CPSC will promptly refund to an employee any amounts deducted to satisfy debts owed to CPSC when the debt is waived, found not owed to CPSC, or when directed by an administrative or judicial order. (b) Another creditor agency will promptly return to CPSC any amounts deducted by CPSC to satisfy debts owed to the creditor agency when the debt is waived, found not owed, or when directed by an administrative or judicial order. (c) Unless required by law, refunds under this paragraph shall not bear interest. Sec. 1027.10 Statute of limitations. (a) If a debt has been outstanding for more than 10 years after CPSC's right to collect the debt first accrued, the agency may not collect by salary offset unless facts material to the Government's right to collect were not known and could not reasonably have been known by the official or officials who were charged with the responsibility for discovery and collection of such debts. (b) [Reserved] Sec. 1027.11 Non-waiver of rights. An employee's involuntary payment of all or any part of a debt collected under these regulations will not be construed as a waiver of any rights that the employee may have under 5 U.S.C. 5514 or any other provision of law. Sec. 1027.12 Interest, penalties, and administrative costs. Charges may be assessed on a debt for interest, penalties, and administrative costs in accordance with 31 U.S.C. 3717 and the Federal Claims Collection Standards, 4 CFR 101.1 et seq. PART 1028_PROTECTION OF HUMAN SUBJECTS--Table of Contents Sec. 1028.101 To what does this policy apply? 1028.102 Definitions for purposes of this policy. 1028.103 Assuring compliance with this policy--research conducted or supported by any Federal department or agency. 1028.104 Exempt research. 1028.105-1028.106 [Reserved] 1028.107 IRB membership. 1028.108 IRB functions and operations. 1028.109 IRB review of research. [[Page 111]] 1028.110 Expedited review procedures for certain kinds of research involving no more than minimal risk, and for minor changes in approved research. 1028.111 Criteria for IRB approval of research. 1028.112 Review by institution. 1028.113 Suspension or termination of IRB approval of research. 1028.114 Cooperative research. 1028.115 IRB records. 1028.116 General requirements for informed consent. 1028.117 Documentation of informed consent. 1028.118 Applications and proposals lacking definite plans for involvement of human subjects. 1028.119 Research undertaken without the intention of involving human subjects. 1028.120 Evaluation and disposition of applications and proposals for research to be conducted or supported by a Federal department or agency. 1028.121 [Reserved] 1028.122 Use of Federal funds. 1028.123 Early termination of research support: Evaluation of applications and proposals. 1028.124 Conditions. Authority: 5 U.S.C. 301; 42 U.S.C. 300v-1(b). Source: 82 FR 43460, Sept. 18, 2017, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1028.101 To what does this policy apply? (a) Except as detailed in Sec. 1028.104, this policy applies to all research involving human subjects conducted, supported, or otherwise subject to regulation by any Federal department or agency that takes appropriate administrative action to make the policy applicable to such research. This includes research conducted by Federal civilian employees or military personnel, except that each department or agency head may adopt such procedural modifications as may be appropriate from an administrative standpoint. It also includes research conducted, supported, or otherwise subject to regulation by the Federal Government outside the United States. Institutions that are engaged in research described in this paragraph and institutional review boards (IRBs) reviewing research that is subject to this policy must comply with this policy. (b) [Reserved] (c) Department or agency heads retain final judgment as to whether a particular activity is covered by this policy and this judgment shall be exercised consistent with the ethical principles of the Belmont Report.\1\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ The National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research--Belmont Report. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 1979. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (d) Department or agency heads may require that specific research activities or classes of research activities conducted, supported, or otherwise subject to regulation by the Federal department or agency but not otherwise covered by this policy comply with some or all of the requirements of this policy. (e) Compliance with this policy requires compliance with pertinent federal laws or regulations that provide additional protections for human subjects. (f) This policy does not affect any state or local laws or regulations (including tribal law passed by the official governing body of an American Indian or Alaska Native tribe) that may otherwise be applicable and that provide additional protections for human subjects. (g) This policy does not affect any foreign laws or regulations that may otherwise be applicable and that provide additional protections to human subjects of research. (h) When research covered by this policy takes place in foreign countries, procedures normally followed in the foreign countries to protect human subjects may differ from those set forth in this policy. In these circumstances, if a department or agency head determines that the procedures prescribed by the institution afford protections that are at least equivalent to those provided in this policy, the department or agency head may approve the substitution of the foreign procedures in lieu of the procedural requirements provided in this policy. Except when otherwise required by statute, Executive Order, or the department or agency head, notices of these actions as they occur will be published in the Federal Register or will be otherwise published as provided in department or agency procedures. [[Page 112]] (i) Unless otherwise required by law, department or agency heads may waive the applicability of some or all of the provisions of this policy to specific research activities or classes of research activities otherwise covered by this policy, provided the alternative procedures to be followed are consistent with the principles of the Belmont Report.\2\ Except when otherwise required by statute or Executive Order, the department or agency head shall forward advance notices of these actions to the Office for Human Research Protections, Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), or any successor office, or to the equivalent office within the appropriate Federal department or agency, and shall also publish them in the Federal Register or in such other manner as provided in department or agency procedures. The waiver notice must include a statement that identifies the conditions under which the waiver will be applied and a justification as to why the waiver is appropriate for the research, including how the decision is consistent with the principles of the Belmont Report. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\ Id. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (j) Federal guidance on the requirements of this policy shall be issued only after consultation, for the purpose of harmonization (to the extent appropriate), with other Federal departments and agencies that have adopted this policy, unless such consultation is not feasible. (k) [Reserved] (l) Pre-2018 Requirements. Compliance dates and transition provisions: (1) For purposes of this section, the pre-2018 Requirements means this subpart as published in the 2016 edition of the Code of Federal Regulations. (2) 2018 Requirements. For purposes of this section, the 2018 Requirements means the Federal Policy for the Protection of Human Subjects requirements contained in this part. The general compliance date for the 2018 Requirements is January 21, 2019. The compliance date for Sec. 1028.114(b) (cooperative research) of the 2018 Requirements is January 20, 2020. (3) Research subject to pre-2018 requirements. The pre-2018 Requirements shall apply to the following research, unless the research is transitioning to comply with the 2018 Requirements in accordance with paragraph (l)(4) of this section: (i) Research initially approved by an IRB under the pre-2018 Requirements before January 21, 2019; (ii) Research for which IRB review was waived pursuant to Sec. 1028.101(i) of the pre-2018 Requirements before January 21, 2019; and (iii) Research for which a determination was made that the research was exempt under Sec. 1028.101(b) of the pre-2018 Requirements before January 21, 2019. (4) Transitioning research. If, on or after July 19, 2018, an institution planning or engaged in research otherwise covered by paragraph (l)(3) of this section determines that such research instead will transition to comply with the 2018 Requirements, the institution or an IRB must document and date such determination. (i) If the determination to transition is documented between July 19, 2018, and January 20, 2019, the research shall: (A) Beginning on the date of such documentation through January 20, 2019, comply with the pre-2018 Requirements, except that the research shall comply with the following: (1) Section 1028.102(l) of the 2018 Requirements (definition of research) (instead of Sec. 1028.102(d) of the pre-2018 Requirements); (2) Section 1028.103(d) of the 2018 Requirements (revised certification requirement that eliminates IRB review of application or proposal) (instead of Sec. 1028.103(f) of the pre-2018 Requirements); and (3) Section 1028.109(f)(1)(i) and (iii) of the 2018 Requirements (exceptions to mandated continuing review) (instead of Sec. 1028.103(b), as related to the requirement for continuing review, and in addition to Sec. 1028.109, of the pre-2018 Requirements); and (B) Beginning on January 21, 2019, comply with the 2018 Requirements. (ii) If the determination to transition is documented on or after January 21, 2019, the research shall, beginning on the date of such documentation, comply with the 2018 Requirements. [[Page 113]] (5) Research subject to 2018 Requirements. The 2018 Requirements shall apply to the following research: (i) Research initially approved by an IRB on or after January 21, 2019; (ii) Research for which IRB review is waived pursuant to paragraph (i) of this section on or after January 21, 2019; and (iii) Research for which a determination is made that the research is exempt on or after January 21, 2019. (m) Severability: Any provision of this part held to be invalid or unenforceable by its terms, or as applied to any person or circumstance, shall be construed so as to continue to give maximum effect to the provision permitted by law, unless such holding shall be one of utter invalidity or unenforceability, in which event the provision shall be severable from this part and shall not affect the remainder thereof or the application of the provision to other persons not similarly situated or to other dissimilar circumstances. [82 FR 43460, Sept. 18, 2017, as amended at 83 FR 2891, Jan. 22, 2018; 83 FR 28513, June 19, 2019] Sec. 1028.102 Definitions for purposes of this policy. (a) Certification means the official notification by the institution to the supporting Federal department or agency component, in accordance with the requirements of this policy, that a research project or activity involving human subjects has been reviewed and approved by an IRB in accordance with an approved assurance. (b) Clinical trial means a research study in which one or more human subjects are prospectively assigned to one or more interventions (which may include placebo or other control) to evaluate the effects of the interventions on biomedical or behavioral health-related outcomes. (c) Department or agency head means the head of any Federal department or agency, for example, the Secretary of HHS, and any other officer or employee of any Federal department or agency to whom the authority provided by these regulations to the department or agency head has been delegated. (d) Federal department or agency refers to a federal department or agency (the department or agency itself rather than its bureaus, offices or divisions) that takes appropriate administrative action to make this policy applicable to the research involving human subjects it conducts, supports, or otherwise regulates (e.g., the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the U.S. Department of Defense, or the Central Intelligence Agency). (e)(1) Human subject means a living individual about whom an investigator (whether professional or student) conducting research: (i) Obtains information or biospecimens through intervention or interaction with the individual, and uses, studies, or analyzes the information or biospecimens; or (ii) Obtains, uses, studies, analyzes, or generates identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens. (2) Intervention includes both physical procedures by which information or biospecimens are gathered (e.g., venipuncture) and manipulations of the subject or the subject's environment that are performed for research purposes. (3) Interaction includes communication or interpersonal contact between investigator and subject. (4) Private information includes information about behavior that occurs in a context in which an individual can reasonably expect that no observation or recording is taking place, and information that has been provided for specific purposes by an individual and that the individual can reasonably expect will not be made public (e.g., a medical record). (5) Identifiable private information is private information for which the identity of the subject is or may readily be ascertained by the investigator or associated with the information. (6) An identifiable biospecimen is a biospecimen for which the identity of the subject is or may readily be ascertained by the investigator or associated with the biospecimen. (7) Federal departments or agencies implementing this policy shall: (i) Upon consultation with appropriate experts (including experts in data matching and re-identification), reexamine the meaning of ``identifiable private information,'' as defined in [[Page 114]] paragraph (e)(5) of this section, and ``identifiable biospecimen,'' as defined in paragraph (e)(6) of this section. This reexamination shall take place within 1 year and regularly thereafter (at least every 4 years). This process will be conducted by collaboration among the Federal departments and agencies implementing this policy. If appropriate and permitted by law, such Federal departments and agencies may alter the interpretation of these terms, including through the use of guidance. (ii) Upon consultation with appropriate experts, assess whether there are analytic technologies or techniques that should be considered by investigators to generate ``identifiable private information,'' as defined in paragraph (e)(5) of this section, or an ``identifiable biospecimen,'' as defined in paragraph (e)(6) of this section. This assessment shall take place within 1 year and regularly thereafter (at least every 4 years). This process will be conducted by collaboration among the Federal departments and agencies implementing this policy. Any such technologies or techniques will be included on a list of technologies or techniques that produce identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens. This list will be published in the Federal Register after notice and an opportunity for public comment. The Secretary, HHS, shall maintain the list on a publicly accessible Web site. (f) Institution means any public or private entity, or department or agency (including federal, state, and other agencies). (g) IRB means an institutional review board established in accord with and for the purposes expressed in this policy. (h) IRB approval means the determination of the IRB that the research has been reviewed and may be conducted at an institution within the constraints set forth by the IRB and by other institutional and federal requirements. (i) Legally authorized representative means an individual or judicial or other body authorized under applicable law to consent on behalf of a prospective subject to the subject's participation in the procedure(s) involved in the research. If there is no applicable law addressing this issue, legally authorized representative means an individual recognized by institutional policy as acceptable for providing consent in the nonresearch context on behalf of the prospective subject to the subject's participation in the procedure(s) involved in the research. (j) Minimal risk means that the probability and magnitude of harm or discomfort anticipated in the research are not greater in and of themselves than those ordinarily encountered in daily life or during the performance of routine physical or psychological examinations or tests. (k) Public health authority means an agency or authority of the United States, a state, a territory, a political subdivision of a state or territory, an Indian tribe, or a foreign government, or a person or entity acting under a grant of authority from or contract with such public agency, including the employees or agents of such public agency or its contractors or persons or entities to whom it has granted authority, that is responsible for public health matters as part of its official mandate. (l) Research means a systematic investigation, including research development, testing, and evaluation, designed to develop or contribute to generalizable knowledge. Activities that meet this definition constitute research for purposes of this policy, whether or not they are conducted or supported under a program that is considered research for other purposes. For example, some demonstration and service programs may include research activities. For purposes of this part, the following activities are deemed not to be research: (1) Scholarly and journalistic activities (e.g., oral history, journalism, biography, literary criticism, legal research, and historical scholarship), including the collection and use of information, that focus directly on the specific individuals about whom the information is collected. (2) Public health surveillance activities, including the collection and testing of information or biospecimens, conducted, supported, requested, ordered, required, or authorized by a public health authority. Such activities [[Page 115]] are limited to those necessary to allow a public health authority to identify, monitor, assess, or investigate potential public health signals, onsets of disease outbreaks, or conditions of public health importance (including trends, signals, risk factors, patterns in diseases, or increases in injuries from using consumer products). Such activities include those associated with providing timely situational awareness and priority setting during the course of an event or crisis that threatens public health (including natural or man-made disasters). (3) Collection and analysis of information, biospecimens, or records by or for a criminal justice agency for activities authorized by law or court order solely for criminal justice or criminal investigative purposes. (4) Authorized operational activities (as determined by each agency) in support of intelligence, homeland security, defense, or other national security missions. (m) Written, or in writing, for purposes of this part, refers to writing on a tangible medium (e.g., paper) or in an electronic format. Sec. 1028.103 Assuring compliance with this policy--research conducted or supported by any Federal department or agency. (a) Each institution engaged in research that is covered by this policy, with the exception of research eligible for exemption under Sec. 1028.104, and that is conducted or supported by a Federal department or agency, shall provide written assurance satisfactory to the department or agency head that it will comply with the requirements of this policy. In lieu of requiring submission of an assurance, individual department or agency heads shall accept the existence of a current assurance, appropriate for the research in question, on file with the Office for Human Research Protections, HHS, or any successor office, and approved for Federal-wide use by that office. When the existence of an HHS-approved assurance is accepted in lieu of requiring submission of an assurance, reports (except certification) required by this policy to be made to department and agency heads shall also be made to the Office for Human Research Protections, HHS, or any successor office. Federal departments and agencies will conduct or support research covered by this policy only if the institution has provided an assurance that it will comply with the requirements of this policy, as provided in this section, and only if the institution has certified to the department or agency head that the research has been reviewed and approved by an IRB (if such certification is required by paragraph (d) of this section). (b) The assurance shall be executed by an individual authorized to act for the institution and to assume on behalf of the institution the obligations imposed by this policy and shall be filed in such form and manner as the department or agency head prescribes. (c) The department or agency head may limit the period during which any assurance shall remain effective or otherwise condition or restrict the assurance. (d) Certification is required when the research is supported by a Federal department or agency and not otherwise waived under Sec. 1028.101(i) or exempted under Sec. 1028.104. For such research, institutions shall certify that each proposed research study covered by the assurance and this section has been reviewed and approved by the IRB. Such certification must be submitted as prescribed by the Federal department or agency component supporting the research. Under no condition shall research covered by this section be initiated prior to receipt of the certification that the research has been reviewed and approved by the IRB. (e) For nonexempt research involving human subjects covered by this policy (or exempt research for which limited IRB review takes place pursuant to Sec. 1028.104(d)(2)(iii), (d)(3)(i)(C), or (d)(7) or (8)) that takes place at an institution in which IRB oversight is conducted by an IRB that is not operated by the institution, the institution and the organization operating the IRB shall document the institution's reliance on the IRB for oversight of the research and the responsibilities that each entity will undertake to ensure compliance with the requirements of this policy (e.g., in a written agreement between the institution and the IRB, [[Page 116]] by implementation of an institution-wide policy directive providing the allocation of responsibilities between the institution and an IRB that is not affiliated with the institution, or as set forth in a research protocol). (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under Control Number 0990-0260) Sec. 1028.104 Exempt research. (a) Unless otherwise required by law or by department or agency heads, research activities in which the only involvement of human subjects will be in one or more of the categories in paragraph (d) of this section are exempt from the requirements of this policy, except that such activities must comply with the requirements of this section and as specified in each category. (b) Use of the exemption categories for research subject to the requirements of 45 CFR part 46, subparts B, C, and D: Application of the exemption categories to research subject to the requirements of 45 CFR part 46, subparts B, C, and D, is as follows: (1) Subpart B. Each of the exemptions at this section may be applied to research subject to subpart B if the conditions of the exemption are met. (2) Subpart C. The exemptions at this section do not apply to research subject to subpart C, except for research aimed at involving a broader subject population that only incidentally includes prisoners. (3) Subpart D. The exemptions at paragraphs (d)(1) and (d)(4) through (8) of this section may be applied to research subject to subpart D if the conditions of the exemption are met. Paragraphs (d)(2)(i) and (ii) of this section only may apply to research subject to subpart D involving educational tests or the observation of public behavior when the investigator(s) do not participate in the activities being observed. Paragraph (d)(2)(iii) of this section may not be applied to research subject to subpart D. (c) [Reserved] (d) Except as described in paragraph (a) of this section, the following categories of human subjects research are exempt from this policy: (1) Research, conducted in established or commonly accepted educational settings, that specifically involves normal educational practices that are not likely to adversely impact students' opportunity to learn required educational content or the assessment of educators who provide instruction. This includes most research on regular and special education instructional strategies, and research on the effectiveness of or the comparison among instructional techniques, curricula, or classroom management methods. (2) Research that only includes interactions involving educational tests (cognitive, diagnostic, aptitude, achievement), survey procedures, interview procedures, or observation of public behavior (including visual or auditory recording) if at least one of the following criteria is met: (i) The information obtained is recorded by the investigator in such a manner that the identity of the human subjects cannot readily be ascertained, directly or through identifiers linked to the subjects; (ii) Any disclosure of the human subjects' responses outside the research would not reasonably place the subjects at risk of criminal or civil liability or be damaging to the subjects' financial standing, employability, educational advancement, or reputation; or (iii) The information obtained is recorded by the investigator in such a manner that the identity of the human subjects can readily be ascertained, directly or through identifiers linked to the subjects, and an IRB conducts a limited IRB review to make the determination required by Sec. 1028.111(a)(7). (3)(i) Research involving benign behavioral interventions in conjunction with the collection of information from an adult subject through verbal or written responses (including data entry) or audiovisual recording if the subject prospectively agrees to the intervention and information collection and at least one of the following criteria is met: (A) The information obtained is recorded by the investigator in such a manner that the identity of the human subjects cannot readily be ascertained, directly or through identifiers linked to the subjects; (B) Any disclosure of the human subjects' responses outside the research [[Page 117]] would not reasonably place the subjects at risk of criminal or civil liability or be damaging to the subjects' financial standing, employability, educational advancement, or reputation; or (C) The information obtained is recorded by the investigator in such a manner that the identity of the human subjects can readily be ascertained, directly or through identifiers linked to the subjects, and an IRB conducts a limited IRB review to make the determination required by Sec. 1028.111(a)(7). (ii) For the purpose of this provision, benign behavioral interventions are brief in duration, harmless, painless, not physically invasive, not likely to have a significant adverse lasting impact on the subjects, and the investigator has no reason to think the subjects will find the interventions offensive or embarrassing. Provided all such criteria are met, examples of such benign behavioral interventions would include having the subjects play an online game, having them solve puzzles under various noise conditions, or having them decide how to allocate a nominal amount of received cash between themselves and someone else. (iii) If the research involves deceiving the subjects regarding the nature or purposes of the research, this exemption is not applicable unless the subject authorizes the deception through a prospective agreement to participate in research in circumstances in which the subject is informed that he or she will be unaware of or misled regarding the nature or purposes of the research. (4) Secondary research for which consent is not required: Secondary research uses of identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens, if at least one of the following criteria is met: (i) The identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens are publicly available; (ii) Information, which may include information about biospecimens, is recorded by the investigator in such a manner that the identity of the human subjects cannot readily be ascertained directly or through identifiers linked to the subjects, the investigator does not contact the subjects, and the investigator will not re-identify subjects; (iii) The research involves only information collection and analysis involving the investigator's use of identifiable health information when that use is regulated under 45 CFR parts 160 and 164, subparts A and E, for the purposes of ``health care operations'' or ``research'' as those terms are defined at 45 CFR 164.501 or for ``public health activities and purposes'' as described under 45 CFR 164.512(b); or (iv) The research is conducted by, or on behalf of, a Federal department or agency using government-generated or government-collected information obtained for nonresearch activities, if the research generates identifiable private information that is or will be maintained on information technology that is subject to and in compliance with section 208(b) of the E-Government Act of 2002, 44 U.S.C. 3501 note, if all of the identifiable private information collected, used, or generated as part of the activity will be maintained in systems of records subject to the Privacy Act of 1974, 5 U.S.C. 552a, and, if applicable, the information used in the research was collected subject to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. (5) Research and demonstration projects that are conducted or supported by a Federal department or agency, or otherwise subject to the approval of department or agency heads (or the approval of the heads of bureaus or other subordinate agencies that have been delegated authority to conduct the research and demonstration projects), and that are designed to study, evaluate, improve, or otherwise examine public benefit or service programs, including procedures for obtaining benefits or services under those programs, possible changes in or alternatives to those programs or procedures, or possible changes in methods or levels of payment for benefits or services under those programs. Such projects include, but are not limited to, internal studies by Federal employees, and studies under contracts or consulting arrangements, cooperative agreements, or grants. Exempt projects also include waivers of otherwise mandatory requirements using authorities [[Page 118]] such as sections 1115 and 1115A of the Social Security Act, as amended. (i) Each Federal department or agency conducting or supporting the research and demonstration projects must establish, on a publicly accessible Federal Web site or in such other manner as the department or agency head may determine, a list of the research and demonstration projects that the Federal department or agency conducts or supports under this provision. The research or demonstration project must be published on this list prior to commencing the research involving human subjects. (ii) [Reserved] (6) Taste and food quality evaluation and consumer acceptance studies: (i) If wholesome foods without additives are consumed, or (ii) If a food is consumed that contains a food ingredient at or below the level and for a use found to be safe, or agricultural chemical or environmental contaminant at or below the level found to be safe, by the Food and Drug Administration or approved by the Environmental Protection Agency or the Food Safety and Inspection Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. (7) Storage or maintenance for secondary research for which broad consent is required: Storage or maintenance of identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens for potential secondary research use if an IRB conducts a limited IRB review and makes the determinations required by Sec. 1028.111(a)(8). (8) Secondary research for which broad consent is required: Research involving the use of identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens for secondary research use, if the following criteria are met: (i) Broad consent for the storage, maintenance, and secondary research use of the identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens was obtained in accordance with Sec. 1028.116(a)(1) through (4), (a)(6), and (d); (ii) Documentation of informed consent or waiver of documentation of consent was obtained in accordance with Sec. 1028.117; (iii) An IRB conducts a limited IRB review and makes the determination required by Sec. 1028.111(a)(7) and makes the determination that the research to be conducted is within the scope of the broad consent referenced in paragraph (d)(8)(i) of this section; and (iv) The investigator does not include returning individual research results to subjects as part of the study plan. This provision does not prevent an investigator from abiding by any legal requirements to return individual research results. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under Control Number 0990-0260) Sec. 1028.105-1028.106 [Reserved] Sec. 1028.107 IRB membership. (a) Each IRB shall have at least five members, with varying backgrounds to promote complete and adequate review of research activities commonly conducted by the institution. The IRB shall be sufficiently qualified through the experience and expertise of its members (professional competence), and the diversity of its members, including race, gender, and cultural backgrounds and sensitivity to such issues as community attitudes, to promote respect for its advice and counsel in safeguarding the rights and welfare of human subjects. The IRB shall be able to ascertain the acceptability of proposed research in terms of institutional commitments (including policies and resources) and regulations, applicable law, and standards of professional conduct and practice. The IRB shall therefore include persons knowledgeable in these areas. If an IRB regularly reviews research that involves a category of subjects that is vulnerable to coercion or undue influence, such as children, prisoners, individuals with impaired decision-making capacity, or economically or educationally disadvantaged persons, consideration shall be given to the inclusion of one or more individuals who are knowledgeable about and experienced in working with these categories of subjects. (b) Each IRB shall include at least one member whose primary concerns are in scientific areas and at least one member whose primary concerns are in nonscientific areas. [[Page 119]] (c) Each IRB shall include at least one member who is not otherwise affiliated with the institution and who is not part of the immediate family of a person who is affiliated with the institution. (d) No IRB may have a member participate in the IRB's initial or continuing review of any project in which the member has a conflicting interest, except to provide information requested by the IRB. (e) An IRB may, in its discretion, invite individuals with competence in special areas to assist in the review of issues that require expertise beyond or in addition to that available on the IRB. These individuals may not vote with the IRB. Sec. 1028.108 IRB functions and operations. (a) In order to fulfill the requirements of this policy each IRB shall: (1) Have access to meeting space and sufficient staff to support the IRB's review and recordkeeping duties; (2) Prepare and maintain a current list of the IRB members identified by name; earned degrees; representative capacity; indications of experience such as board certifications or licenses sufficient to describe each member's chief anticipated contributions to IRB deliberations; and any employment or other relationship between each member and the institution, for example, full-time employee, part-time employee, member of governing panel or board, stockholder, paid or unpaid consultant; (3) Establish and follow written procedures for: (i) Conducting its initial and continuing review of research and for reporting its findings and actions to the investigator and the institution; (ii) Determining which projects require review more often than annually and which projects need verification from sources other than the investigators that no material changes have occurred since previous IRB review; and (iii) Ensuring prompt reporting to the IRB of proposed changes in a research activity, and for ensuring that investigators will conduct the research activity in accordance with the terms of the IRB approval until any proposed changes have been reviewed and approved by the IRB, except when necessary to eliminate apparent immediate hazards to the subject. (4) Establish and follow written procedures for ensuring prompt reporting to the IRB; appropriate institutional officials; the department or agency head; and the Office for Human Research Protections, HHS, or any successor office, or the equivalent office within the appropriate Federal department or agency of (i) Any unanticipated problems involving risks to subjects or others or any serious or continuing noncompliance with this policy or the requirements or determinations of the IRB; and (ii) Any suspension or termination of IRB approval. (b) Except when an expedited review procedure is used (as described in Sec. 1028.110), an IRB must review proposed research at convened meetings at which a majority of the members of the IRB are present, including at least one member whose primary concerns are in nonscientific areas. In order for the research to be approved, it shall receive the approval of a majority of those members present at the meeting. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under Control Number 0990-0260) Sec. 1028.109 IRB review of research. (a) An IRB shall review and have authority to approve, require modifications in (to secure approval), or disapprove all research activities covered by this policy, including exempt research activities under Sec. 1028.104 for which limited IRB review is a condition of exemption (under Sec. 1028.104(d)(2)(iii), (d)(3)(i)(C), or (d)(7) or (8)). (b) An IRB shall require that information given to subjects (or legally authorized representatives, when appropriate) as part of informed consent is in accordance with Sec. 1028.116. The IRB may require that information, in addition to that specifically mentioned in Sec. 1028.116, be given to the subjects when in the IRB's judgment the information would meaningfully add to the protection of the rights and welfare of subjects. (c) An IRB shall require documentation of informed consent or may waive [[Page 120]] documentation in accordance with Sec. 1028.117. (d) An IRB shall notify investigators and the institution in writing of its decision to approve or disapprove the proposed research activity, or of modifications required to secure IRB approval of the research activity. If the IRB decides to disapprove a research activity, it shall include in its written notification a statement of the reasons for its decision and give the investigator an opportunity to respond in person or in writing. (e) An IRB shall conduct continuing review of research requiring review by the convened IRB at intervals appropriate to the degree of risk, not less than once per year, except as described in paragraph (f) of this section. (f)(1) Unless an IRB determines otherwise, continuing review of research is not required in the following circumstances: (i) Research eligible for expedited review in accordance with Sec. 1028.110; (ii) Research reviewed by the IRB in accordance with the limited IRB review described in Sec. 1028.104(d)(2)(iii), (d)(3)(i)(C), or (d)(7) or (8); (iii) Research that has progressed to the point that it involves only one or both of the following, which are part of the IRB-approved study: (A) Data analysis, including analysis of identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens, or (B) Accessing follow-up clinical data from procedures that subjects would undergo as part of clinical care. (2) [Reserved] (g) An IRB shall have authority to observe or have a third party observe the consent process and the research. (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under Control Number 0990-0260) Sec. 1028.110 Expedited review procedures for certain kinds of research involving no more than minimal risk, and for minor changes in approved research. (a) The Secretary of HHS has established, and published as a Notice in the Federal Register, a list of categories of research that may be reviewed by the IRB through an expedited review procedure. The Secretary will evaluate the list at least every 8 years and amend it, as appropriate, after consultation with other Federal departments and agencies and after publication in the Federal Register for public comment. A copy of the list is available from the Office for Human Research Protections, HHS, or any successor office. (b)(1) An IRB may use the expedited review procedure to review the following: (i) Some or all of the research appearing on the list described in paragraph (a) of this section, unless the reviewer determines that the study involves more than minimal risk; (ii) Minor changes in previously approved research during the period for which approval is authorized; or (iii) Research for which limited IRB review is a condition of exemption under Sec. 1028.104(d)(2)(iii), (d)(3)(i)(C), and (d)(7) and (8). (2) Under an expedited review procedure, the review may be carried out by the IRB chairperson or by one or more experienced reviewers designated by the chairperson from among members of the IRB. In reviewing the research, the reviewers may exercise all of the authorities of the IRB except that the reviewers may not disapprove the research. A research activity may be disapproved only after review in accordance with the nonexpedited procedure set forth in Sec. 1028.108(b). (c) Each IRB that uses an expedited review procedure shall adopt a method for keeping all members advised of research proposals that have been approved under the procedure. (d) The department or agency head may restrict, suspend, terminate, or choose not to authorize an institution's or IRB's use of the expedited review procedure. Sec. 1028.111 Criteria for IRB approval of research. (a) In order to approve research covered by this policy the IRB shall determine that all of the following requirements are satisfied: (1) Risks to subjects are minimized: (i) By using procedures that are consistent with sound research design and that do not unnecessarily expose subjects to risk, and [[Page 121]] (ii) Whenever appropriate, by using procedures already being performed on the subjects for diagnostic or treatment purposes. (2) Risks to subjects are reasonable in relation to anticipated benefits, if any, to subjects, and the importance of the knowledge that may reasonably be expected to result. In evaluating risks and benefits, the IRB should consider only those risks and benefits that may result from the research (as distinguished from risks and benefits of therapies subjects would receive even if not participating in the research). The IRB should not consider possible long-range effects of applying knowledge gained in the research (e.g., the possible effects of the research on public policy) as among those research risks that fall within the purview of its responsibility. (3) Selection of subjects is equitable. In making this assessment the IRB should take into account the purposes of the research and the setting in which the research will be conducted. The IRB should be particularly cognizant of the special problems of research that involves a category of subjects who are vulnerable to coercion or undue influence, such as children, prisoners, individuals with impaired decision-making capacity, or economically or educationally disadvantaged persons. (4) Informed consent will be sought from each prospective subject or the subject's legally authorized representative, in accordance with, and to the extent required by, Sec. 1028.116. (5) Informed consent will be appropriately documented or appropriately waived in accordance with Sec. 1028.117. (6) When appropriate, the research plan makes adequate provision for monitoring the data collected to ensure the safety of subjects. (7) When appropriate, there are adequate provisions to protect the privacy of subjects and to maintain the confidentiality of data. (i) The Secretary of HHS will, after consultation with the Office of Management and Budget's privacy office and other Federal departments and agencies that have adopted this policy, issue guidance to assist IRBs in assessing what provisions are adequate to protect the privacy of subjects and to maintain the confidentiality of data. (ii) [Reserved] (8) For purposes of conducting the limited IRB review required by Sec. 1028.104(d)(7)), the IRB need not make the determinations at paragraphs (a)(1) through (7) of this section, and shall make the following determinations: (i) Broad consent for storage, maintenance, and secondary research use of identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens is obtained in accordance with the requirements of Sec. 1028.116(a)(1)- (4), (a)(6), and (d); (ii) Broad consent is appropriately documented or waiver of documentation is appropriate, in accordance with Sec. 1028.117; and (iii) If there is a change made for research purposes in the way the identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens are stored or maintained, there are adequate provisions to protect the privacy of subjects and to maintain the confidentiality of data. (b) When some or all of the subjects are likely to be vulnerable to coercion or undue influence, such as children, prisoners, individuals with impaired decision-making capacity, or economically or educationally disadvantaged persons, additional safeguards have been included in the study to protect the rights and welfare of these subjects. Sec. 1028.112 Review by institution. Research covered by this policy that has been approved by an IRB may be subject to further appropriate review and approval or disapproval by officials of the institution. However, those officials may not approve the research if it has not been approved by an IRB. Sec. 1028.113 Suspension or termination of IRB approval of research. An IRB shall have authority to suspend or terminate approval of research that is not being conducted in accordance with the IRB's requirements or that has been associated with unexpected serious harm to subjects. Any suspension or termination of approval shall include a statement of the reasons for the IRB's action and shall be reported promptly to the investigator, [[Page 122]] appropriate institutional officials, and the department or agency head. Sec. 1028.114 Cooperative research. (a) Cooperative research projects are those projects covered by this policy that involve more than one institution. In the conduct of cooperative research projects, each institution is responsible for safeguarding the rights and welfare of human subjects and for complying with this policy. (b)(1) Any institution located in the United States that is engaged in cooperative research must rely upon approval by a single IRB for that portion of the research that is conducted in the United States. The reviewing IRB will be identified by the Federal department or agency supporting or conducting the research or proposed by the lead institution subject to the acceptance of the Federal department or agency supporting the research. (2) The following research is not subject to this provision: (i) Cooperative research for which more than single IRB review is required by law (including tribal law passed by the official governing body of an American Indian or Alaska Native tribe); or (ii) Research for which any Federal department or agency supporting or conducting the research determines and documents that the use of a single IRB is not appropriate for the particular context. (c) For research not subject to paragraph (b) of this section, an institution participating in a cooperative project may enter into a joint review arrangement, rely on the review of another IRB, or make similar arrangements for avoiding duplication of effort. Sec. 1028.115 IRB Records. (a) An institution, or when appropriate an IRB, shall prepare and maintain adequate documentation of IRB activities, including the following: (1) Copies of all research proposals reviewed, scientific evaluations, if any, that accompany the proposals, approved sample consent forms, progress reports submitted by investigators, and reports of injuries to subjects. (2) Minutes of IRB meetings, which shall be in sufficient detail to show attendance at the meetings; actions taken by the IRB; the vote on these actions including the number of members voting for, against, and abstaining; the basis for requiring changes in or disapproving research; and a written summary of the discussion of controverted issues and their resolution. (3) Records of continuing review activities, including the rationale for conducting continuing review of research that otherwise would not require continuing review as described in Sec. 1028.109(f)(1). (4) Copies of all correspondence between the IRB and the investigators. (5) A list of IRB members in the same detail as described in Sec. 1028.108(a)(2). (6) Written procedures for the IRB in the same detail as described in Sec. 1028.108(a)(3) and (4). (7) Statements of significant new findings provided to subjects, as required by Sec. 1028.116(c)(5). (8) The rationale for an expedited reviewer's determination under Sec. 1028.110(b)(1)(i) that research appearing on the expedited review list described in Sec. 1028.110(a) is more than minimal risk. (9) Documentation specifying the responsibilities that an institution and an organization operating an IRB each will undertake to ensure compliance with the requirements of this policy, as described in Sec. 1028.103(e). (b) The records required by this policy shall be retained for at least 3 years, and records relating to research that is conducted shall be retained for at least 3 years after completion of the research. The institution or IRB may maintain the records in printed form, or electronically. All records shall be accessible for inspection and copying by authorized representatives of the Federal department or agency at reasonable times and in a reasonable manner. Sec. 1028.116 General requirements for informed consent. (a) General. General requirements for informed consent, whether written or oral, are set forth in this paragraph and apply to consent obtained in accordance with the requirements set forth in paragraphs (b) through (d) of [[Page 123]] this section. Broad consent may be obtained in lieu of informed consent obtained in accordance with paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section only with respect to the storage, maintenance, and secondary research uses of identifiable private information and identifiable biospecimens. Waiver or alteration of consent in research involving public benefit and service programs conducted by or subject to the approval of state or local officials is described in paragraph (e) of this section. General waiver or alteration of informed consent is described in paragraph (f) of this section. Except as provided elsewhere in this policy: (1) Before involving a human subject in research covered by this policy, an investigator shall obtain the legally effective informed consent of the subject or the subject's legally authorized representative. (2) An investigator shall seek informed consent only under circumstances that provide the prospective subject or the legally authorized representative sufficient opportunity to discuss and consider whether or not to participate and that minimize the possibility of coercion or undue influence. (3) The information that is given to the subject or the legally authorized representative shall be in language understandable to the subject or the legally authorized representative. (4) The prospective subject or the legally authorized representative must be provided with the information that a reasonable person would want to have in order to make an informed decision about whether to participate, and an opportunity to discuss that information. (5) Except for broad consent obtained in accordance with paragraph (d) of this section: (i) Informed consent must begin with a concise and focused presentation of the key information that is most likely to assist a prospective subject or legally authorized representative in understanding the reasons why one might or might not want to participate in the research. This part of the informed consent must be organized and presented in a way that facilitates comprehension. (ii) Informed consent as a whole must present information in sufficient detail relating to the research, and must be organized and presented in a way that does not merely provide lists of isolated facts, but rather facilitates the prospective subject's or legally authorized representative's understanding of the reasons why one might or might not want to participate. (6) No informed consent may include any exculpatory language through which the subject or the legally authorized representative is made to waive or appear to waive any of the subject's legal rights, or releases or appears to release the investigator, the sponsor, the institution, or its agents from liability for negligence. (b) Basic elements of informed consent. Except as provided in paragraph (d), (e), or (f) of this section, in seeking informed consent the following information shall be provided to each subject or the legally authorized representative: (1) A statement that the study involves research, an explanation of the purposes of the research and the expected duration of the subject's participation, a description of the procedures to be followed, and identification of any procedures that are experimental; (2) A description of any reasonably foreseeable risks or discomforts to the subject; (3) A description of any benefits to the subject or to others that may reasonably be expected from the research; (4) A disclosure of appropriate alternative procedures or courses of treatment, if any, that might be advantageous to the subject; (5) A statement describing the extent, if any, to which confidentiality of records identifying the subject will be maintained; (6) For research involving more than minimal risk, an explanation as to whether any compensation and an explanation as to whether any medical treatments are available if injury occurs and, if so, what they consist of, or where further information may be obtained; (7) An explanation of whom to contact for answers to pertinent questions about the research and research subjects' rights, and whom to contact in [[Page 124]] the event of a research-related injury to the subject; (8) A statement that participation is voluntary, refusal to participate will involve no penalty or loss of benefits to which the subject is otherwise entitled, and the subject may discontinue participation at any time without penalty or loss of benefits to which the subject is otherwise entitled; and (9) One of the following statements about any research that involves the collection of identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens: (i) A statement that identifiers might be removed from the identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens and that, after such removal, the information or biospecimens could be used for future research studies or distributed to another investigator for future research studies without additional informed consent from the subject or the legally authorized representative, if this might be a possibility; or (ii) A statement that the subject's information or biospecimens collected as part of the research, even if identifiers are removed, will not be used or distributed for future research studies. (c) Additional elements of informed consent. Except as provided in paragraphs (d), (e), or (f) of this section, one or more of the following elements of information, when appropriate, shall also be provided to each subject or the legally authorized representative: (1) A statement that the particular treatment or procedure may involve risks to the subject (or to the embryo or fetus, if the subject is or may become pregnant) that are currently unforeseeable; (2) Anticipated circumstances under which the subject's participation may be terminated by the investigator without regard to the subject's or the legally authorized representative's consent; (3) Any additional costs to the subject that may result from participation in the research; (4) The consequences of a subject's decision to withdraw from the research and procedures for orderly termination of participation by the subject; (5) A statement that significant new findings developed during the course of the research that may relate to the subject's willingness to continue participation will be provided to the subject; (6) The approximate number of subjects involved in the study; (7) A statement that the subject's biospecimens (even if identifiers are removed) may be used for commercial profit and whether the subject will or will not share in this commercial profit; (8) A statement regarding whether clinically relevant research results, including individual research results, will be disclosed to subjects, and if so, under what conditions; and (9) For research involving biospecimens, whether the research will (if known) or might include whole genome sequencing (i.e., sequencing of a human germline or somatic specimen with the intent to generate the genome or exome sequence of that specimen). (d) Elements of broad consent for the storage, maintenance, and secondary research use of identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens. Broad consent for the storage, maintenance, and secondary research use of identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens (collected for either research studies other than the proposed research or nonresearch purposes) is permitted as an alternative to the informed consent requirements in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this paragraph. If the subject or the legally authorized representative is asked to provide broad consent, the following shall be provided to each subject or the subject's legally authorized representative: (1) The information required in paragraphs (b)(2), (3), (5), and (8) and, when appropriate, (c)(7) and (9) of this section; (2) A general description of the types of research that may be conducted with the identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens. This description must include sufficient information such that a reasonable person would expect that the broad consent would permit the types of research conducted; [[Page 125]] (3) A description of the identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens that might be used in research, whether sharing of identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens might occur, and the types of institutions or researchers that might conduct research with the identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens; (4) A description of the period of time that the identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens may be stored and maintained (which period of time could be indefinite), and a description of the period of time that the identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens may be used for research purposes (which period of time could be indefinite); (5) Unless the subject or legally authorized representative will be provided details about specific research studies, a statement that they will not be informed of the details of any specific research studies that might be conducted using the subject's identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens, including the purposes of the research, and that they might have chosen not to consent to some of those specific research studies; (6) Unless it is known that clinically relevant research results, including individual research results, will be disclosed to the subject in all circumstances, a statement that such results may not be disclosed to the subject; and (7) An explanation of whom to contact for answers to questions about the subject's rights and about storage and use of the subject's identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens, and whom to contact in the event of a research-related harm. (e) Waiver or alteration of consent in research involving public benefit and service programs conducted by or subject to the approval of state or local officials--(1) Waiver. An IRB may waive the requirement to obtain informed consent for research under paragraphs (a), (b), and (c) of this section, provided the IRB satisfies the requirements of paragraph (e)(3) of this section. If an individual was asked to provide broad consent for the storage, maintenance, and secondary research use of identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens in accordance with the requirements at paragraph (d) of this section, and refused to consent, an IRB cannot waive consent for the storage, maintenance, or secondary research use of the identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens. (2) Alteration. An IRB may approve a consent procedure that omits some, or alters some or all, of the elements of informed consent set forth in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section provided the IRB satisfies the requirements of paragraph (e)(3) of this section. An IRB may not omit or alter any of the requirements described in paragraph (a) of this section. If a broad consent procedure is used, an IRB may not omit or alter any of the elements required under paragraph (d) of this section. (3) Requirements for waiver and alteration. In order for an IRB to waive or alter consent as described in this subsection, the IRB must find and document that: (i) The research or demonstration project is to be conducted by or subject to the approval of state or local government officials and is designed to study, evaluate, or otherwise examine: (A) Public benefit or service programs; (B) Procedures for obtaining benefits or services under those programs; (C) Possible changes in or alternatives to those programs or procedures; or (D) Possible changes in methods or levels of payment for benefits or services under those programs; and (ii) The research could not practicably be carried out without the waiver or alteration. (f) General waiver or alteration of consent--(1) Waiver. An IRB may waive the requirement to obtain informed consent for research under paragraphs (a), (b), and (c) of this section, provided the IRB satisfies the requirements of paragraph (f)(3) of this section. If an individual was asked to provide broad consent for the storage, maintenance, and secondary research use of identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens in accordance with the requirements at paragraph (d) of this section, and refused to consent, an IRB [[Page 126]] cannot waive consent for the storage, maintenance, or secondary research use of the identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens. (2) Alteration. An IRB may approve a consent procedure that omits some, or alters some or all, of the elements of informed consent set forth in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section provided the IRB satisfies the requirements of paragraph (f)(3) of this section. An IRB may not omit or alter any of the requirements described in paragraph (a) of this section. If a broad consent procedure is used, an IRB may not omit or alter any of the elements required under paragraph (d) of this section. (3) Requirements for waiver and alteration. In order for an IRB to waive or alter consent as described in this subsection, the IRB must find and document that: (i) The research involves no more than minimal risk to the subjects; (ii) The research could not practicably be carried out without the requested waiver or alteration; (iii) If the research involves using identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens, the research could not practicably be carried out without using such information or biospecimens in an identifiable format; (iv) The waiver or alteration will not adversely affect the rights and welfare of the subjects; and (v) Whenever appropriate, the subjects or legally authorized representatives will be provided with additional pertinent information after participation. (g) Screening, recruiting, or determining eligibility. An IRB may approve a research proposal in which an investigator will obtain information or biospecimens for the purpose of screening, recruiting, or determining the eligibility of prospective subjects without the informed consent of the prospective subject or the subject's legally authorized representative, if either of the following conditions are met: (1) The investigator will obtain information through oral or written communication with the prospective subject or legally authorized representative, or (2) The investigator will obtain identifiable private information or identifiable biospecimens by accessing records or stored identifiable biospecimens. (h) Posting of clinical trial consent form. (1) For each clinical trial conducted or supported by a Federal department or agency, one IRB- approved informed consent form used to enroll subjects must be posted by the awardee or the Federal department or agency component conducting the trial on a publicly available Federal Web site that will be established as a repository for such informed consent forms. (2) If the Federal department or agency supporting or conducting the clinical trial determines that certain information should not be made publicly available on a Federal Web site (e.g. confidential commercial information), such Federal department or agency may permit or require redactions to the information posted. (3) The informed consent form must be posted on the Federal Web site after the clinical trial is closed to recruitment, and no later than 60 days after the last study visit by any subject, as required by the protocol. (i) Preemption. The informed consent requirements in this policy are not intended to preempt any applicable Federal, state, or local laws (including tribal laws passed by the official governing body of an American Indian or Alaska Native tribe) that require additional information to be disclosed in order for informed consent to be legally effective. (j) Emergency medical care. Nothing in this policy is intended to limit the authority of a physician to provide emergency medical care, to the extent the physician is permitted to do so under applicable Federal, state, or local law (including tribal law passed by the official governing body of an American Indian or Alaska Native tribe). (Approved by the Office of Management and Budget under Control Number 0990-0260) Sec. 1028.117 Documentation of informed consent. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, informed consent shall be documented by the use of a [[Page 127]] written informed consent form approved by the IRB and signed (including in an electronic format) by the subject or the subject's legally authorized representative. A written copy shall be given to the person signing the informed consent form. (b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, the informed consent form may be either of the following: (1) A written informed consent form that meets the requirements of Sec. 1028.116. The investigator shall give either the subject or the subject's legally authorized representative adequate opportunity to read the informed consent form before it is signed; alternatively, this form may be read to the subject or the subject's legally authorized representative. (2) A short form written informed consent form stating that the elements of informed consent required by Sec. 1028.116 have been presented orally to the subject or the subject's legally authorized representative, and that the key information required by Sec. 1028.116(a)(5)(i) was presented first to the subject, before other information, if any, was provided. The IRB shall approve a written summary of what is to be said to the subject or the legally authorized representative. When this method is used, there shall be a witness to the oral presentation. Only the short form itself is to be signed by the subject or the subject's legally authorized representative. However, the witness shall sign both the short form and a copy of the summary, and the person actually obtaining consent shall sign a copy of the summary. A copy of the summary shall be given to the subject or the subject's legally authorized representative, in addition to a copy of the short form. (c)(1) An IRB may waive the requirement for the investigator to obtain a signed informed consent form for some or all subjects if it finds any of the following: (i) That the only record linking the subject and the research would be the informed consent form and the principal risk would be potential harm resulting from a breach of confidentiality. Each subject (or legally authorized representative) will be asked whether the subject wants documentation linking the subject with the research, and the subject's wishes will govern; (ii) That the research presents no more than minimal risk of harm to subjects and involves no procedures for which written consent is normally required outside of the research context; or (iii) If the subjects or legally authorized representatives are members of a distinct cultural group or community in which signing forms is not the norm, that the research presents no more than minimal risk of harm to subjects and provided there is an appropriate alternative mechanism for documenting that informed consent was obtained. (2) In cases in which the documentation requirement is waived, the IRB may require the investigator to provide subjects or legally authorized representatives with a written statement regarding the research. Sec. 1028.118 Applications and proposals lacking definite plans for involvement of human subjects. Certain types of applications for grants, cooperative agreements, or contracts are submitted to Federal departments or agencies with the knowledge that subjects may be involved within the period of support, but definite plans would not normally be set forth in the application or proposal. These include activities such as institutional type grants when selection of specific projects is the institution's responsibility; research training grants in which the activities involving subjects remain to be selected; and projects in which human subjects' involvement will depend upon completion of instruments, prior animal studies, or purification of compounds. Except for research waived under Sec. 1028.101(i) or exempted under Sec. 1028.104, no human subjects may be involved in any project supported by these awards until the project has been reviewed and approved by the IRB, as provided in this policy, and certification submitted, by the institution, to the Federal department or agency component supporting the research. [[Page 128]] Sec. 1028.119 Research undertaken without the intention of involving human subjects. Except for research waived under Sec. 1028.101(i) or exempted under Sec. 1028.104, in the event research is undertaken without the intention of involving human subjects, but it is later proposed to involve human subjects in the research, the research shall first be reviewed and approved by an IRB, as provided in this policy, a certification submitted by the institution to the Federal department or agency component supporting the research, and final approval given to the proposed change by the Federal department or agency component. Sec. 1028.120 Evaluation and disposition of applications and proposals for research to be conducted or supported by a Federal department or agency. (a) The department or agency head will evaluate all applications and proposals involving human subjects submitted to the Federal department or agency through such officers and employees of the Federal department or agency and such experts and consultants as the department or agency head determines to be appropriate. This evaluation will take into consideration the risks to the subjects, the adequacy of protection against these risks, the potential benefits of the research to the subjects and others, and the importance of the knowledge gained or to be gained. (b) On the basis of this evaluation, the department or agency head may approve or disapprove the application or proposal, or enter into negotiations to develop an approvable one. Sec. 1028.121 [Reserved] Sec. 1028.122 Use of Federal funds. Federal funds administered by a Federal department or agency may not be expended for research involving human subjects unless the requirements of this policy have been satisfied. Sec. 1028.123 Early termination of research support: Evaluation of applications and proposals. (a) The department or agency head may require that Federal department or agency support for any project be terminated or suspended in the manner prescribed in applicable program requirements, when the department or agency head finds an institution has materially failed to comply with the terms of this policy. (b) In making decisions about supporting or approving applications or proposals covered by this policy the department or agency head may take into account, in addition to all other eligibility requirements and program criteria, factors such as whether the applicant has been subject to a termination or suspension under paragraph (a) of this section and whether the applicant or the person or persons who would direct or has/ have directed the scientific and technical aspects of an activity has/ have, in the judgment of the department or agency head, materially failed to discharge responsibility for the protection of the rights and welfare of human subjects (whether or not the research was subject to federal regulation). Sec. 1028.124 Conditions With respect to any research project or any class of research projects the department or agency head of either the conducting or the supporting Federal department or agency may impose additional conditions prior to or at the time of approval when in the judgment of the department or agency head additional conditions are necessary for the protection of human subjects. PART 1031_COMMISSION PARTICIPATION AND COMMISSION EMPLOYEE INVOLVEMENT IN VOLUNTARY STANDARDS ACTIVITIES--Table of Contents Subpart A_General Policies Sec. 1031.1 Purpose and scope. 1031.2 Background. 1031.3 Consumer Product Safety Act amendments. 1031.4 Effect of voluntary standards activities on Commission activities. 1031.5 Criteria for Commission involvement in voluntary standards activities. 1031.6 Extent and form of Commission involvement in the development of voluntary standards. [[Page 129]] 1031.7 Commission support of voluntary standards activities. 1031.8 Voluntary Standards Coordinator. Subpart B_Employee Involvement 1031.9 Purpose and scope. 1031.10 Definitions. 1031.11 Procedural safeguards. 1031.12 Membership criteria. 1031.13 Criteria for employee involvement. 1031.14 Observation criteria. 1031.15 Communication criteria. Subpart C_Public Participation and Comment 1031.16 Purpose and scope. 1031.17 Background. 1031.18 Method of review and comment. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2051-2083; 15 U.S.C. 1261-1276; 15 U.S.C. 1191- 1204; Sec. 3, 104, 106, 223 Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016, 3017 (2008), Sec. 3, 4 Pub. L. 112-28 (2011). Source: 71 FR 38755, July 10, 2006, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_General Policies Sec. 1031.1 Purpose and scope. (a) This part 1031 sets forth the Consumer Product Safety Commission's guidelines and requirements on participating in the activities of voluntary standards bodies. Subpart A sets forth general policies on Commission involvement, and subpart B sets forth policies and guidelines on employee involvement in voluntary standards activities. Subpart C sets forth the criteria governing public review and comment on staff involvement in voluntary standards activities. (b) For purposes of both subpart A and subpart B of this part 1031, voluntary standards bodies are private sector domestic or multinational organizations or groups, or combinations thereof, such as, but not limited to, all non-profit organizations, industry associations, professional and technical societies, institutes, and test laboratories, that are involved in the planning, development, establishment, revision, review or coordination of voluntary standards. Voluntary standards development bodies are voluntary standards bodies, or their sub-groups, that are devoted to developing or establishing voluntary standards. Sec. 1031.2 Background. (a) Congress enacted the Consumer Product Safety Act in 1972 to protect consumers against unreasonable risks of injury associated with consumer products. In order to achieve that goal, Congress established the Consumer Product Safety Commission as an independent regulatory agency and granted it broad authority to promulgate mandatory safety standards for consumer products as a necessary alternative to industry self regulation. (b) In 1981, the Congress amended the Consumer Product Safety Act, the Federal Hazardous Substances Act, and the Flammable Fabrics Act, to require the Commission to rely on voluntary standards rather than promulgate a mandatory standard when voluntary standards would eliminate or adequately reduce the risk of injury addressed and it is likely that there will be substantial compliance with the voluntary standards. (15 U.S.C. 2056(b), 15 U.S.C. 1262(g)(2), 15 U.S.C. 1193(h)(2)). The 1981 Amendments also require the Commission, after any notice or advance notice of proposed rulemaking, to provide technical and administrative assistance to persons or groups who propose to develop or modify an appropriate voluntary standard. (15 U.S.C. 2054(a)(3)). Additionally, the amendments encourage the Commission to provide technical and administrative assistance to groups developing product safety standards and test methods, taking into account Commission resources and priorities (15 U.S.C. 2054(a)(4)). Although the Commission is required to provide assistance to such groups, it may determine the level of assistance in accordance with the level of its own administrative and technical resources and in accordance with its assessment of the likelihood that the groups being assisted will successfully develop a voluntary standard that will preclude the need for a mandatory standard. (c) In 1990, Congress passed the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act (CPSIA), amending section 15(b) of the CPSA to require that manufacturers, distributors, and retailers notify the Commission about products that [[Page 130]] fail to comply with an applicable voluntary standard upon which the Commission has relied under section 9 of the CPSA. CPSIA also amended section 9(b)(2) of the CPSA to require that the CPSC afford interested persons the opportunity to comment regarding any voluntary standard prior to CPSC termination and reliance. Sec. 1031.3 Consumer Product Safety Act amendments. The Consumer Product Safety Act, as amended, contains several sections pertaining to the Commission's participation in the development and use of voluntary standards. (a) Section 7(b) provides that the Commission shall rely on voluntary consumer product safety standards prescribing requirements described in subsection (a) whenever compliance with such voluntary standards would eliminate or adequately reduce the risk of injury addressed and it is likely that there will be substantial compliance with such voluntary standards. (15 U.S.C. 2056(b)). (b) Section 5(a)(3) provides that the Commission shall, following publication of an advance notice of proposed rulemaking or a notice of proposed rulemaking for a product safety rule under any rulemaking authority administered by the Commission, assist public and private organizations or groups of manufacturers, administratively and technically, in the development of safety standards addressing the risk of injury identified in such notice. (15 U.S.C. 2054(a)(3)). (c) Section 5(a)(4) provides that the Commission shall, to the extent practicable and appropriate (taking into account the resources and priorities of the Commission), assist public and private organizations or groups of manufacturers, administratively and technically, in the development of product safety standards and test methods. (15 U.S.C. 2054(a)(4)). Sec. 1031.4 Effect of voluntary standards activities on Commission activities. (a)(1) The Commission, in determining whether to begin proceedings to develop mandatory standards under the acts it administers, considers whether mandatory regulation is necessary or whether there is an existing voluntary standard that adequately addresses the problem and the extent to which that voluntary standard is complied with by the affected industry. (2) The Commission acknowledges that there are situations in which adequate voluntary standards, in combination with appropriate certification programs, may be appropriate to support a conclusion that a mandatory standard is not necessary. The Commission may find that a mandatory standard is not necessary where compliance with an existing voluntary standard would eliminate or adequately reduce the risk of injury associated with the product, contains requirements and test methods that have been evaluated and found acceptable by the Commission, and it is likely that there will be substantial and timely compliance with the voluntary standard. Under such circumstances, the Commission may agree to encourage industry compliance with the voluntary standard and subsequently evaluate the effectiveness of the standard in terms of accident and injury reduction for products produced in compliance with the standard. (3) In evaluating voluntary standards, the Commission will relate the requirements of the standard to the identified risks of injury and evaluate the requirements in terms of their effectiveness in eliminating or reducing the risks of injury. The evaluation of voluntary standards will be conducted by Commission staff members, including representatives of legal, economics, engineering, epidemiological, health sciences, human factors, other appropriate interests, and the Voluntary Standards Coordinator. The staff evaluation will be conducted in a manner similar to evaluations of standards being considered for promulgation as mandatory standards. (4) In the event that the Commission has evaluated an existing voluntary standard and found it to be adequate in all but a few areas, the Commission may defer the initiation of a mandatory rulemaking proceeding and request the voluntary standards organization to revise the standard to address the identified inadequacies expeditiously. [[Page 131]] (b) In the event the Commission determines that there is no existing voluntary standard that will eliminate or adequately reduce a risk of injury the Commission may commence a proceeding for the development of a consumer product safety rule or a regulation in accordance with section 9 of the Consumer Product Safety Act, 15 U.S.C. 2058, section 3(f) of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act, 15 U.S.C. 1262(f), or section 4(a) of the Flammable Fabrics Act, 15 U.S.C. 1193(g), as may be applicable. In commencing such a proceeding, the Commission will publish an advance notice of proposed rulemaking which shall, among other things, invite any person to submit to the Commission an existing standard or portion of an existing standard, or to submit a statement of intention to modify or develop, within a reasonable period of time, a voluntary standard to address the risk of injury. (c) The Commission will consider those provisions of a voluntary standard that have been reviewed, evaluated, and deemed to be adequate in addressing the specified risks of injury when initiating a mandatory consumer product safety rule or regulation under the Consumer Product Safety Act, the Federal Hazardous Substances Act, or the Flammable Fabrics Act, as may be applicable. Comments will be requested in the advance notice of proposed rulemaking on the adequacy of such voluntary standard provisions. Sec. 1031.5 Criteria for Commission involvement in voluntary standards activities. The Commission will consider the extent to which the following criteria are met in considering Commission involvement in the development of voluntary safety standards for consumer products: (a) The likelihood the voluntary standard will eliminate or adequately reduce the risk of injury addressed and that there will be substantial and timely compliance with the voluntary standard. (b) The likelihood that the voluntary standard will be developed within a reasonable period of time. (c) Exclusion, to the maximum extent possible, from the voluntary standard being developed, of requirements which will create anticompetitive effects or promote restraint of trade. (d) Provisions for periodic and timely review of the standard, including review for anticompetitive effects, and revision or amendment as the need arises. (e) Performance-oriented and not design-restrictive requirements, to the maximum practical extent, in any standard developed. (f) Industry arrangements for achieving substantial and timely industry compliance with the voluntary standard once it is issued, and the means of ascertaining such compliance based on overall market share of product production. (g) Provisions in the standard for marking products conforming to the standard so that future Commission investigation can indicate the involvement of such products in accidents and patterns of injury. (h) Provisions for insuring that products identified as conforming to such standards will be subjected to a testing and certification (including self-certification) procedure, which will provide assurance that the products comply with the standard. (i) The openness to all interested parties, and the establishment of procedures which will provide for meaningful participation in the development of such standards by representatives of producers, suppliers, distributors, retailers, consumers, small business, public interests and other individuals having knowledge or expertise in the areas under consideration, and procedures for affording other due process considerations. Sec. 1031.6 Extent and form of Commission involvement in the development of voluntary standards. (a) The extent of Commission involvement will be dependent upon the Commission's interest in the particular standards development activity and the Commission's priorities and resources. (b) The Commission's interest in a specific voluntary standards activity will be based in part on the frequency and severity of injuries associated with [[Page 132]] the product, the involvement of the product in accidents, the susceptibility of the hazard to correction through standards, and the overall resources and priorities of the Commission. Commission involvement in voluntary standards activities generally will be guided by the Commission's operating plan and performance budget. (c) Commission involvement in voluntary standards activities varies. (1) The Commission staff may maintain an awareness of the voluntary standards development process through oral or written inquiries, receiving and reviewing minutes of meetings and copies of draft standards, or attending meetings for the purpose of observing and commenting during the standards development process in accordance with subpart B of this part. For example, Commission staff may respond to requests from voluntary standards organizations, standards development committees, trade associations and consumer organizations; by providing information concerning the risks of injury associated with particular products, National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) data, death, injury, and incident data, summaries and analyses of in-depth investigation reports; discussing Commission goals and objectives with regard to voluntary standards and improved consumer product safety; responding to requests for information concerning Commission programs; and initiating contacts with voluntary standards organizations to discuss cooperative voluntary standards activities. (2) Employee involvement may include membership as defined in Sec. 1031.10(a). Commission staff may regularly attend meetings of a standard development committee or group and take an active part in the discussions of the committee and in developing the standard, in accordance with subpart B of this part. The Commission may contribute to the deliberations of the committee by expending resources to provide technical assistance (e.g., research, engineering support, and information and education programs) and administrative assistance (e.g., travel costs, hosting meetings, and secretarial functions) in support of the development and implementation of those voluntary standards referenced in the Commission's operating plan, performance budget, mid- year review, or other official Commission document. The Commission may also support voluntary standards activities as described in Sec. 1031.7. Employee involvement may include observation as defined in Sec. 1031.10(c). (d) Normally, the total amount of Commission support given to a voluntary standards activity shall be no greater than that of all non- Federal participants in that activity, except where it is in the public interest to do so. (e) In the event of duplication of effort by two or more groups (either inside or outside the Commission) in developing a voluntary standard for the same product or class of products, the Commission shall encourage the several groups to cooperate in the development of a single voluntary standard. Sec. 1031.7 Commission support of voluntary standards activities. (a) The Commission's support of voluntary safety standards development activities may include any one or a combination of the following actions: (1) Providing epidemiological and health science information and explanations of hazards for consumer products. (2) Encouraging the initiation of the development of voluntary standards for specific consumer products. (3) Identifying specific risks of injury to be addressed in a voluntary standard. (4) Performing or subsidizing technical assistance, including research, health science data, and engineering support, in the development of a voluntary standard activity in which the Commission staff is participating. (5) Providing assistance on methods of disseminating information and education about the voluntary standard or its use. (6) Performing a staff evaluation of a voluntary standard to determine its adequacy and efficacy in reducing the risks of injury that have been identified by the Commission as being associated with the use of the product. (7) Encouraging state and local governments to reference or incorporate [[Page 133]] the provisions of a voluntary standard in their regulations or ordinances and to participate in government or industrial model code development activities, so as to develop uniformity and minimize conflicting State and local regulations. (8) Monitoring the number and market share of products conforming to a voluntary safety standard. (9) Providing for the involvement of agency personnel in voluntary standards activities as described in subpart B of this part. (10) Providing administrative assistance, such as hosting meetings and secretarial assistance. (11) Providing funding support for voluntary standards development, as permitted by the operating plan, performance budget, mid-year review, or other official Commission document. (12) Taking other actions that the Commission believes appropriate in a particular situation. (b) [Reserved] Sec. 1031.8 Voluntary Standards Coordinator. (a) The Executive Director shall appoint a Voluntary Standards Coordinator to coordinate agency participation in voluntary standards bodies so that: (1) The most effective use is made of agency personnel and resources, and (2) The views expressed by such personnel are in the public interest and, at a minimum, do not conflict with the interests and established views of the agency. (b) The Voluntary Standards Coordinator is responsible for managing the Commission's voluntary standards program, as well as preparing and submitting to the Commission a semiannual summary of staff's voluntary standards activities. The summary shall set forth, among other things, the goals of each voluntary standard under development, the extent of CPSC staff activity, the current status of standards development and implementation, and, if any, recommendations for additional Commission action. The Voluntary Standards Coordinator shall also compile information on the Commission's voluntary standards activities for the Commission's annual report. Subpart B_Employee Involvement Sec. 1031.9 Purpose and scope. (a) This subpart sets forth the Consumer Product Safety Commission's criteria and requirements governing membership and involvement by Commission officials and employees in the activities of voluntary standards development bodies. (b) The Commission realizes there are advantages and benefits afforded by greater involvement of Commission personnel in the standards activities of domestic and international voluntary standards organizations. However, such involvement might present an appearance or possibility of the Commission giving preferential treatment to an organization or group or of the Commission losing its independence or impartiality. Also, such involvement may present real or apparent conflict of interest situations. (c) The purpose of this subpart is to further the objectives and programs of the Commission and to do so in a manner that ensures that such involvement: (1) Is consistent with the intent of the Consumer Product Safety Act and the other acts administered by the Commission; (2) Is not contrary to the public interest; (3) Presents no real or apparent conflict of interest, and does not result in or create the appearance of the Commission giving preferential treatment to an organization or group or the Commission compromising its independence or impartiality; and (4) Takes into account Commission resources and priorities. (d) Commission employees must obtain approval from their supervisor and the Office of the Executive Director to be involved in voluntary standards activities. They must regularly report to the Voluntary Standards Coordinator regarding their involvement in standards activities, and provide copies of all official correspondence and other communications between the CPSC and the standards developing entities. (e) All Commission employees involved in voluntary standards activities are subject to any restrictions for [[Page 134]] avoiding conflicts of interest and for avoiding situations that would present an appearance of bias. Sec. 1031.10 Definitions. For purposes of describing the level of involvement in voluntary standards activities for which Commission employees may be authorized, the following definitions apply: (a) Membership. Membership is the status of an employee who joins a voluntary standards development or advisory organization or subgroup and is listed as a member. It includes all oral and written communications which are incidental to such membership. (b) Employee involvement. Employee involvement may include the active, ongoing involvement of an official or employee in the development of a new or revised voluntary standard pertaining to a particular consumer product or to a group of products that is the subject of a Commission voluntary standards project. These projects should be those that are approved by the Commission, either by virtue of the agency's annual budget or operating plan, or by other specific agency authorization or decision, and are in accord with subpart A. Employee involvement may include regularly attending meetings of a standards development committee or group, taking an active part in discussions and technical debates, expressing opinions, expending other resources in support of a voluntary standard development activity, and participating as a voting member of, or in a leadership position on, a voluntary standard development group, when authorized. It includes all oral and written communications which are part of the process. Employee involvement may also involve maintaining an awareness related to general voluntary standards projects set forth in the agency's annual budget or operating plan or otherwise approved by the agency. (c) Observation. Observation is the attendance by an official or employee at a meeting of a voluntary standards development group for the purpose of observing and gathering information. [71 FR 38755, July 10, 2006, as amended at 81 FR 5377, Feb. 2, 2016] Sec. 1031.11 Procedural safeguards. (a) Subject to the provisions of this subpart and budgetary and time constraints, Commission employees may be involved in voluntary standards activities that will further the objectives and programs of the Commission, are consistent with ongoing and anticipated Commission regulatory programs as set forth in the agency's operating plan, and are in accord with the Commission's policy statement on involvement in voluntary standards activities set forth in subpart A of this part. (b) Commission employees who are involved in the development of a voluntary standard and who later participate in an official evaluation of that standard for the Commission shall describe in any information, oral or written, presented to the Commission, the extent of their involvement in the development of the standard. Any evaluation or recommendation for Commission actions by such employee shall strive to be as objective as possible and be reviewed by higher-level Commission officials or employees prior to submission to the Commission. (c) Commission officials or employees who are authorized to participate as a voting member of a voluntary standard development group represent the position of CPSC staff. Such votes or opinions do not bind the Commission in any way or necessarily represent the opinions or views of the Commission, but rather, solely represent the views of the CPSC staff. (d) Commission employees and officials who are involved in the development of voluntary standards may accept leadership positions in voluntary standard development groups (e.g., committee chairman or secretary) or leadership positions with the governing bodies of standard-making entities, when authorized with the prior approval of the Office of the Executive Director. (e) Attendance of Commission personnel at voluntary standards meetings shall be noted in the public calendar, and meeting summaries shall be [[Page 135]] submitted to the Office of the Secretary, as required by the Commission's meetings policy, 16 CFR part 1012. [71 FR 38755, July 10, 2006, as amended at 81 FR 5377, Feb. 2, 2016] Sec. 1031.12 Membership criteria. (a) The Commissioners, their special assistants, and Commission officials and employees holding the positions listed below, may not become members of a voluntary standards group because they either have the responsibility for making final decisions, or advise those who make final decisions, on whether to rely on a voluntary standard, promulgate a consumer product safety standard, or to take other action to prevent or reduce an unreasonable risk of injury associated with a product. (1) The Commissioners; (2) The Commissioners' Special Assistants; (3) The General Counsel and General Counsel Staff; (4) The Executive Director, the Deputy Executive Director, and Special Assistants to the Executive Director; (5) The Associate Executive Directors and Office Directors; (6) The Assistant Executive Director of the Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction, the Deputy Assistant Executive Director of the Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction and any Special Assistants to the Assistant Executive Director of that office. (b) All other officials and employees not covered under Sec. 1031.12(a) may participate as voting members or accept leadership positions in voluntary standard development groups, when authorized with the prior approval of the Office of the Executive Director. (c) Commission employees or officials who have the approval of the Office of the Executive Director to accept membership in a voluntary standards organization or group pursuant to paragraph (b) of this section shall apprise the General Counsel and the Voluntary Standards Coordinator prior to their acceptance. (d) Commission officials or employees who desire to become a member of a voluntary standards body or group in their individual capacity must obtain prior approval of the Commission's Ethics Counselor for an outside activity pursuant to the Commission's Employee Standards of Conduct, 16 CFR part 1030. [71 FR 38755, July 10, 2006, as amended at 81 FR 5377, Feb. 2, 2016] Sec. 1031.13 Criteria for employee involvement. (a) Commission officials, other than those positions listed in Sec. 1031.12(a), may be involved in the development of voluntary safety standards for consumer products, but only in their official capacity as employees of the Commission and if permitted to do so by their supervisor and any other person designated by agency management procedures. Such involvement shall be in accordance with Commission procedures. (b) Employees in positions listed in Sec. 1031.12(a)(4), (5), and (6) may be involved, on a case-by-case basis, in the development of a voluntary standard provided that they have the specific advance approval of the Commission. (c) Except in extraordinary circumstances and when approved in advance by the Executive Director in accordance with the provisions of the Commission's meetings policy, 16 CFR part 1012, Commission personnel shall not become involved in meetings concerning the development of voluntary standards that are not open to the public for attendance and observation. Attendance of Commission personnel at a voluntary standard meeting shall be noted in the public calendar and meeting logs filed with the Office of the Secretary in accordance with the Commission's meetings policy. (d) Generally, Commission employees may become involved in the development of voluntary standards only if they are made available for comment by all interested parties prior to their use or adoption. (e) Involvement by Commission officials and employees in voluntary standards bodies or standards-developing groups does not, of itself, connote Commission agreement with, or endorsement of, decisions reached, approved or published by such bodies or groups. [[Page 136]] Sec. 1031.14 Observation criteria. A Commission official or employee may, on occasion, attend voluntary standards meetings for the sole purpose of observation, with the advance approval of his or her supervisor and any other person designated by agency management procedures. Commission officials and employees shall notify the Voluntary Standard Coordinator, for information purposes, prior to observing a voluntary standards meeting. Sec. 1031.15 Communication criteria. (a) Commission officials and employees, who are not in the positions listed in Sec. 1031.12(a), or who are not already authorized to communicate with a voluntary standards group or representative incidental to their approved membership in a voluntary standard organization or group or as part of a voluntary standard, may: (1) Communicate, within the scope of their duties, with a voluntary standard group, representative, or other committee member, on voluntary standards matters which are substantive in nature, i.e., matters that pertain to the formulation of the technical aspects of a specific voluntary standard or the course of conduct for developing the standard, only with the specific advance approval from the person or persons to whom they apply to obtain approval for involvement pursuant to Sec. 1031.13. The approval may indicate the duration of the approval and any other conditions. (2) Communicate, within the scope of their duties, with a voluntary standard group, representative, or other committee member, concerning voluntary standards activities which are not substantive in nature. (b) Commission employees may communicate with voluntary standards organizations only in accordance with Commission procedures. (c) Commissioners can engage in substantive and non-substantive written communications with voluntary standards bodies or representatives, provided a disclaimer in such communications indicates that any substantive views expressed are only their individual views and are not necessarily those of the Commission. Where a previous official Commission vote has taken place, that vote should also be noted in any such communication. Copies of such communications shall thereafter be provided to the other Commissioners, the Office of the Secretary, and the Voluntary Standards Coordinator. (d) The Voluntary Standards Coordinator shall be furnished a copy of each written communication of a substantive nature and a report of each oral communication of a substantive nature between a Commission official or employee and a voluntary standards organization or representative which pertains to a voluntary standards activity. The information shall be provided to the Voluntary Standards Coordinator as soon as practicable after the communication has taken place. Subpart C_Public Participation and Comment Sec. 1031.16 Purpose and scope. (a) This subpart sets forth the Consumer Product Safety Commission's criteria and requirements governing public review and comment on staff involvement in the activities of voluntary standards development bodies. (b) The Commission realizes there are advantages and benefits afforded by greater public awareness of staff involvement in standards development activities. Furthermore, the Commission recognizes public comment and input as an important part of the voluntary standards development process. (c) The purpose of this subpart is to further the objectives and programs of the Commission and to do so in a manner that ensures openness and transparency. Sec. 1031.17 Background. (a) In a Federal Register Notice (Vol. 69, No. 200) dated October 18, 2004, the CPSC announced that it was launching a pilot program to open CPSC staff activities for public review and comment. The pilot program covered information on CPSC staff participation with respect to a cross-section of voluntary standards, including advance notice of proposed staff positions on issues to be considered by voluntary standards organizations. The program [[Page 137]] was based on the premise that increased public awareness and participation would enhance the quality and conclusions of the proposed recommendations made by CPSC staff. (b) The pilot program ended on April 18, 2005, after a 6-month period. CPSC invited general comments on whether to continue the programs beyond the pilot period and solicited suggestions for improving the program. (c) On July 28, 2005, the CPSC staff submitted to the Commission an assessment of the pilot program's results, including data that indicated the voluntary standards site ranked among the top 20 directories visited on the CPSC Web site. Further, the report included the staff's recommendation that the voluntary standards Web site be expanded to include information on all standards activities. (d) On August 4, 2005, in accordance with the staff's recommendation, the Commission voted unanimously to continue the voluntary standards program and expand it to include all voluntary standards activities. Sec. 1031.18 Method of review and comment. (a) Each of the voluntary standards activities in which Commission staff is involved shall have a unique Web link on the Commission Web site with relevant information regarding CPSC activity, including: (1) The name(s) of CPSC staff working on the activity; and (2) The e-mail and mailing addresses of the CPSC Office of the Secretary, to which any interested party may communicate their particular interest. (b) E-mail and written comments on voluntary standards from the public to the CPSC shall be managed by the Office of the Secretary. Such communication shall be forwarded to appropriate staff for consideration and/or response. (c) On the voluntary standards Web site, consumers shall have the opportunity to register for periodic e-mail notices from the Commission with respect to their standard of interest. Such notices shall be issued by the CPSC each time a voluntary standard site has been updated and no less than once every calendar year. PART 1033_DISPLAY OF CONTROL NUMBERS FOR COLLECTION OF INFORMATION REQUIREMENTS UNDER THE PAPERWORK REDUCTION ACT--Table of Contents Sec. 1033.1 Purpose. 1033.2 Display of control numbers. Authority: 44 U.S.C. 3506(c)(1); 5 U.S.C. 553. Sec. 1033.1 Purpose. The purpose of this part 1033 is to display all control numbers assigned by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) to collection of information requirements contained in rules enforced by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Display of OMB control numbers is required by provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act at 44 U.S.C. 3507(f) and by regulations issued by OMB to implement that act at 5 CFR 1320.7(f)(2), 1320.12(d), 1320.13(j), and 1320.14(e). [48 FR 57478, Dec. 30, 1983] Sec. 1033.2 Display of control numbers. The following rules enforced by the Consumer Product Safety Commission containing collections of information are listed with the control numbers assigned by the Office of Management and Budget: ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Currently assigned Part or section of title 16 Code of Federal Regulations OMB control No. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Part 1019.................................................. 3041-0003 Part 1204.................................................. 3041-0006 Part 1509.................................................. 3041-0012 Part 1508.................................................. 3041-0013 Part 1632.................................................. 3041-0014 Part 1210.................................................. 3041-0016 Part 1630, 1631............................................ 3041-0017 Sections 1500.18(a)(6), 1500.86(a)(4)...................... 3041-0019 Part 1209.................................................. 3041-0022 Parts 1610, 1611........................................... 3041-0024 Parts 1615, 1616........................................... 3041-0027 Part 1505.................................................. 3041-0035 Part 1406.................................................. 3041-0040 Part 1205.................................................. 3041-0091 Part 1211.................................................. 3041-0125 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ (44 U.S.C. 3506(c)(1); 5 U.S.C. 553) [62 FR 42397, Aug. 7, 1997] [[Page 138]] PART 1034_ENFORCEMENT OF NONDISCRIMINATION ON THE BASIS OF HANDICAP IN PROGRAMS OR ACTIVITIES CONDUCTED BY THE CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION-- Table of Contents Sec. 1034.101 Purpose. 1034.102 Application. 1034.103 Definitions. 1034.104-1034.109 [Reserved] 1034.110 Self-evaluation. 1034.111 Notice. 1034.112-1034.129 [Reserved] 1034.130 General prohibitions against discrimination. 1034.131-1034.139 [Reserved] 1034.140 Employment. 1034.141-1034.148 [Reserved] 1034.149 Program accessibility: Discrimination prohibited. 1034.150 Program accessibility: Existing facilities. 1034.151 Program accessibility: New construction and alterations. 1034.152-1034.159 [Reserved] 1034.160 Communications. 1034.161-1034.169 [Reserved] 1034.170 Compliance procedures. 1034.171-1034.999 [Reserved] Authority: 29 U.S.C. 794. Source: 51 FR 4575, 4579, Feb. 5, 1986; 52 FR 405, Jan. 6, 1987, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1034.101 Purpose. This part effectuates section 119 of the Rehabilitation, Comprehensive Services, and Developmental Disabilities Amendments of 1978, which amended section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 to prohibit discrimination on the basis of handicap in programs or activities conducted by Executive agencies or the United States Postal Service. Sec. 1034.102 Application. This part applies to all programs or activities conducted by the agency. Sec. 1034.103 Definitions. For purposes of this part, the term-- Assistant Attorney General means the Assistant Attorney General, Civil Rights Division, United States Department of Justice. Auxiliary aids means services or devices that enable persons with impaired sensory, manual, or speaking skills to have an equal opportunity to participate in, and enjoy the benefits of, programs or activities conducted by the agency. For example, auxiliary aids useful for persons with impaired vision include readers, Brailled materials, audio recordings, telecommunications devices and other similar services and devices. Auxiliary aids useful for persons with impaired hearing include telephone handset amplifiers, telephones compatible with hearing aids, telecommunication devices for deaf persons (TDD's), interpreters, notetakers, written materials, and other similar services and devices. Complete complaint means a written statement that contains the complainant's name and address and describes the agency's alleged discriminatory action in sufficient detail to inform the agency of the nature and date of the alleged violation of section 504. It shall be signed by the complainant or by someone authorized to do so on his or her behalf. Complaints filed on behalf of classes or third parties shall describe or identify (by name, if possible) the alleged victims of discrimination. Facility means all or any portion of buildings, structures, equipment, roads, walks, parking lots, rolling stock or other conveyances, or other real or personal property. Handicapped person means any person who has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities, has a record of such an impairment, or is regarded as having such an impairment. As used in this definition, the phrase: (1) Physical or mental impairment includes-- (i) Any physiological disorder or condition, cosmetic disfigurement, or anatomical loss affecting one of more of the following body systems: Neurological; musculoskeletal; special sense organs; respiratory, including speech organs; cardiovascular; reproductive; digestive; genitourinary; hemic and lymphatic; skin; and endocrine; or (ii) Any mental or psychological disorder, such as mental retardation, organic brain syndrome, emotional or mental illness, and specific learning disabilities. The term physical or mental impairment includes, but is not limited [[Page 139]] to, such diseases and conditions as orthopedic, visual, speech, and hearing impairments, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, muscular dystrophy, multiple sclerosis, cancer, heart disease, diabetes, mental retardation, emotional illness, and drug addition and alcholism. (2) Major life activities includes functions such as caring for one's self, performing manual tasks, walking, seeing, hearing, speaking, breathing, learning, and working. (3) Has a record of such an impairment means has a history of, or has been misclassified as having, a mental or physical impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities. (4) Is regarded as having an impairment means-- (i) Has a physical or mental impairment that does not substantially limit major life activities but is treated by the agency as constituting such a limitation; (ii) Has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits major life activities only as a result of the attitudes of others toward such impairment; or (iii) Has none of the impairments defined in subparagraph (1) of this definition but is treated by the agency as having such an impairment. Qualified handicapped person means-- (1) With respect to any agency program or activity under which a person is required to perform services or to achieve a level of accomplishment, a handicapped person who meets the essential eligibility requirements and who can achieve the purpose of the program or activity without modifications in the program or activity that the agency can demonstrate would result in a fundamental alteration in its nature; or (2) With respect to any other program or activity, a handicapped person who meets the essential eligibility requirements for participation in, or receipt of benefits from, that program or activity. (3) Qualified handicapped person is defined for purposes of employment in 29 CFR 1613.702(f), which is made applicable to this part by Sec. 1034.140. Section 504 means section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (Pub. L. 93-112, 87 Stat. 394 (29 U.S.C. 794)), as amended by the Rehabilitation Act Amendments of 1974 (Pub. L. 93-516, 88 Stat. 1617), and the Rehabilitation, Comprehensive Services, and Developmental Disabilities Amendments of 1978 (Pub. L. 95-602, 92 Stat. 2955). As used in this part, section 504 applies only to programs or activities conducted by Executive agencies and not to federally assisted programs. [51 FR 4575, 4579, Feb. 5, 1986; 51 FR 7543, Mar. 5, 1986] Sec. Sec. 1034.104-1034.109 [Reserved] Sec. 1034.110 Self-evaluation. (a) The agency shall, by April 9, 1987, evaluate its current policies and practices, and the effects thereof, that do not or may not meet the requirements of this part, and, to the extent modification of any such policies and practices is required, the agency shall proceed to make the necessary modifications. (b) The agency shall provide an opportunity to interested persons, including handicapped persons or organizations representing handicapped persons, to participate in the self-evaluation process by submitting comments (both oral and written). (c) The agency shall, until three years following the completion of the self-evaluation, maintain on file and make available for public inspections: (1) A description of areas examined and any problems identified, and (2) A description of any modifications made. Sec. 1034.111 Notice. The agency shall make available to employees, applicants, participants, beneficiaries, and other interested persons such information regarding the provisions of this part and its applicability to the programs or activities conducted by the agency, and make such information available to them in such manner as the head of the agency finds necessary to apprise such persons of the protections against discrimination assured them by section 504 and this regulation. [[Page 140]] Sec. Sec. 1034.112-1034.129 [Reserved] Sec. 1034.130 General prohibitions against discrimination. (a) No qualified handicapped person shall, on the basis of handicap, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or otherwise be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity conducted by the agency. (b)(1) The agency, in providing any aid, benefit, or service, may not, directly or through contractual, licensing, or other arrangements, on the basis of handicap-- (i) Deny a qualified handicapped person the opportunity to participate in or benefit from the aid, benefit, or service; (ii) Afford a qualified handicapped person an opportunity to participate in or benefit from the aid, benefit, or service that is not equal to that afforded others; (iii) Provide a qualified handicapped person with an aid, benefit, or service that is not as effective in affording equal opportunity to obtain the same result, to gain the same benefit, or to reach the same level of achievement as that provided to others; (iv) Provide different or separate aid, benefits, or services to handicapped persons or to any class of handicapped persons than is provided to others unless such action is necessary to provide qualified handicapped persons with aid, benefits, or services that are as effective as those provided to others; (v) Deny a qualified handicapped person the opportunity to participate as a member of planning or advisory boards; or (vi) Otherwise limit a qualified handicapped person in the enjoyment of any right, privilege, advantage, or opportunity enjoyed by others receiving the aid, benefit, or service. (2) The agency may not deny a qualified handicapped person the opportunity to participate in programs or activities that are not separate or different, despite the existence of permissibly separate or different programs or activities. (3) The agency may not, directly or through contractual or other arrangements, utilize criteria or methods of administration the purpose or effect of which would-- (i) Subject qualified handicapped persons to discrimination on the basis of handicap; or (ii) Defeat or substantially impair accomplishment of the objectives of a program or activity with respect to handicapped persons. (4) The agency may not, in determining the site or location of a facility, make selections the purpose or effect of which would-- (i) Exclude handicapped persons from, deny them the benefits of, or otherwise subject them to discrimination under any program or activity conducted by the agency; or (ii) Defeat or substantially impair the accomplishment of the objectives of a program or activity with respect to handicapped persons. (5) The agency, in the selection of procurement contractors, may not use criteria that subject qualified handicapped persons to discrimination on the basis of handicap. (c) The exclusion of nonhandicapped persons from the benefits of a program limited by Federal statute or Executive order to handicapped persons or the exclusion of a specific class of handicapped persons from a program limited by Federal statute or Executive order to a different class of handicapped persons is not prohibited by this part. (d) The agency shall administer programs and activities in the most integrated setting appropriate to the needs of qualified handicapped persons. Sec. Sec. 1034.131-1034.139 [Reserved] Sec. 1034.140 Employment. No qualified handicapped person shall, on the basis of handicap, be subjected to discrimination in employment under any program or activity conducted by the agency. The definitions, requirements, and procedures of section 501 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 791), as established by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission in 29 CFR part 1613, shall apply to employment in federally conducted programs or activities. [[Page 141]] Sec. Sec. 1034.141-1034.148 [Reserved] Sec. 1034.149 Program accessibility: Discrimination prohibited. Except as otherwise provided in Sec. 1034.150, no qualified handicapped person shall, because the agency's facilities are inaccessible to or unusable by handicapped persons, be denied the benefits of, be excluded from participation in, or otherwise be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity conducted by the agency. Sec. 1034.150 Program accessibility: Existing facilities. (a) General. The agency shall operate each program or activity so that the program or activity, when viewed in its entirety, is readily accessible to and usable by handicapped persons. This paragraph does not-- (1) Necessarily require the agency to make each of its existing facilities accessible to and usable by handicapped persons; or (2) Require the agency to take any action that it can demonstrate would result in a fundamental alteration in the nature of a program or activity or in undue financial and administrative burdens. In those circumstances where agency personnel believe that the proposed action would fundamentally alter the program or activity or would result in undue financial and administrative burdens, the agency has the burden of proving that compliance with Sec. 1034.150(a) would result in such alteration or burdens. The decision that compliance would result in such alteration or burdens must be made by the agency head or his or her designee after considering all agency resources available for use in the funding and operation of the conducted program or activity, and must be accompanied by a written statement of the reasons for reaching that conclusion. If an action would result in such an alteration or such burdens, the agency shall take any other action that would not result in such an alteration or such burdens but would nevertheless ensure that handicapped persons receive the benefits and services of the program or activity. (b) Methods. The agency may comply with the requirements of this section through such means as redesign of equipment, reassignment of services to accessible buildings, assignment of aides to beneficiaries, home visits, delivery of services at alternate accessible sites, alteration of existing facilities and construction of new facilities, use of accessible rolling stock, or any other methods that result in making its programs or activities readily accessible to and usable by handicapped persons. The agency is not required to make structural changes in existing facilities where other methods are effective in achieving compliance with this section. The agency, in making alterations to existing buildings, shall meet accessibility requirements to the extent compelled by the Architectural Barriers Act of 1968, as amended (42 U.S.C. 4151-4157), and any regulations implementing it. In choosing among available methods for meeting the requirements of this section, the agency shall give priority to those methods that offer programs and activities to qualified handicapped persons in the most integrated setting appropriate. (c) Time period for compliance. The agency shall comply with the obligations established under this section by June 6, 1986, except that where structural changes in facilities are undertaken, such changes shall be made by April 7, 1989, but in any event as expeditiously as possible. (d) Transition plan. In the event that structural changes to facilities will be undertaken to achieve program accessibility, the agency shall develop, by October 7, 1986, a transition plan setting forth the steps necessary to complete such changes. The agency shall provide an opportunity to interested persons, including handicapped persons or organizations representing handicapped persons, to participate in the development of the transition plan by submitting comments (both oral and written). A copy of the transition plan shall be made available for public inspection. The plan shall, at a minimum-- (1) Identify physical obstacles in the agency's facilities that limit the accessibility of its programs or activities to handicapped persons; [[Page 142]] (2) Describe in detail the methods that will be used to make the facilities accessible; (3) Specify the schedule for taking the steps necessary to achieve compliance with this section and, if the time period of the transition plan is longer than one year, identify steps that will be taken during each year of the transition period; and (4) Indicate the official responsible for implementation of the plan. [51 FR 4575, 4579, Feb. 5, 1986; 51 FR 7543, Mar. 5, 1986] Sec. 1034.151 Program accessibility: New construction and alterations. Each building or part of a building that is constructed or altered by, on behalf of, or for the use of the agency shall be designed, constructed, or altered so as to be readily accessible to and usable by handicapped persons. The definitions, requirements, and standards of the Architectural Barriers Act (42 U.S.C. 4151-4157), as established in 41 CFR 101-19.600 to 101-19.607, apply to buildings covered by this section. Sec. Sec. 1034.152-1034.159 [Reserved] Sec. 1034.160 Communications. (a) The agency shall take appropriate steps to ensure effective communication with applicants, participants, personnel of other Federal entities, and members of the public. (1) The agency shall furnish appropriate auxiliary aids where necessary to afford a handicapped person an equal opportunity to participate in, and enjoy the benefits of, a program or activity conducted by the agency. (i) In determining what type of auxiliary aid is necessary, the agency shall give primary consideration to the requests of the handicapped person. (ii) The agency need not provide individually prescribed devices, readers for personal use or study, or other devices of a personal nature. (2) Where the agency communicates with applicants and beneficiaries by telephone, telecommunication devices for deaf persons (TDD's) or equally effective telecommunication systems shall be used. (b) The agency shall ensure that interested persons, including persons with impaired vision or hearing, can obtain information as to the existence and location of accessible services, activities, and facilities. (c) The agency shall provide signage at a primary entrance to each of its inaccessible facilities, directing users to a location at which they can obtain information about accessible facilities. The international symbol for accessibility shall be used at each primary entrance of an accessible facility. (d) This section does not require the agency to take any action that it can demonstrate would result in a fundamental alteration in the nature of a program or activity or in undue financial and administrative burdens. In those circumstances where agency personnel believe that the proposed action would fundamentally alter the program or activity or would result in undue financial and administrative burdens, the agency has the burden of proving that compliance with Sec. 1034.160 would result in such alteration or burdens. The decision that compliance would result in such alteration or burdens must be made by the agency head or his or her designee after considering all agency resources available for use in the funding and operation of the conducted program or activity, and must be accompanied by a written statement of the reasons for reaching that conclusion. If an action required to comply with this section would result in such an alteration or such burdens, the agency shall take any other action that would not result in such an alteration or such burdens but would nevertheless ensure that, to the maximum extent possible, handicapped persons receive the benefits and services of the program or activity. Sec. Sec. 1034.161-1034.169 [Reserved] Sec. 1034.170 Compliance procedures. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, this section applies to all allegations of discrimination on the basis of handicap in programs or activities conducted by the agency. (b) The agency shall process complaints alleging violations of section 504 with respect to employment according to the procedures established by the Equal Employment Opportunity [[Page 143]] Commission in 29 CFR part 1613 pursuant to section 501 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. 791). (c) The Office of Equal Employment Opportunity and Minority Enterprise shall be responsible for coordinating implementation of this section. Complaints may be sent to the Director, Office of Equal Employment Opportunity and Minority Enterprise, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, D.C. 20207. (d) The agency shall accept and investigate all complete complaints for which it has jurisdiction. All complete complaints must be filed within 180 days of the alleged act of discrimination. The agency may extend this time period for good cause. (e) If the agency receives a complaint over which it does not have jurisdiction, it shall promptly notify the complainant and shall make reasonable efforts to refer the complaint to the appropriate government entity. (f) The agency shall notify the Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board upon receipt of any complaint alleging that a building or facility that is subject to the Architectural Barriers Act of 1968, as amended (42 U.S.C. 4151-4157), or section 502 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended (29 U.S.C. 792), is not readily accessible to and usable by handicapped persons. (g) Within 180 days of the receipt of a complete complaint for which it has jurisdiction, the agency shall notify the complainant of the results of the investigation in a letter containing-- (1) Findings of fact and conclusions of law; (2) A description of a remedy for each violation found; and (3) A notice of the right to appeal. (h) Appeals of the findings of fact and conclusions of law or remedies must be filed by the complainant within 90 days of receipt from the agency of the letter required by Sec. 1034.170(g). The agency may extend this time for good cause. (i) Timely appeals shall be accepted and processed by the head of the agency. (j) The head of the agency shall notify the complainant of the results of the appeal within 60 days of the receipt of the request. If the head of the agency determines that additional information is needed from the complainant, he or she shall have 60 days from the date of receipt of the additional information to make his or her determination on the appeal. (k) The time limits cited in paragraphs (g) and (j) of this section may be extended with the permission of the Assistant Attorney General. (l) The agency may delegate its authority for conducting complaint investigations to other Federal agencies, except that the authority for making the final determination may not be delegated to another agency. [51 FR 4575, 4579, Feb. 5, 1986, as amended at 51 FR 4575, Feb. 5, 1986] Sec. Sec. 1034.171-1034.999 [Reserved] PART 1051_PROCEDURE FOR PETITIONING FOR RULEMAKING--Table of Contents Sec. 1051.1 Scope. 1051.2 General. 1051.3 Place of filing. 1051.4 Time of filing. 1051.5 Requirements and recommendations for petitions. 1051.6 Documents not considered petitions. 1051.7 Statement in support of or in opposition to petitions; Duty of petitioners to remain apprised of developments regarding petitions. 1051.8 Public hearings on petitions. 1051.9 Factors the Commission considers in granting or denying petitions. 1051.10 Granting petitions. 1051.11 Denial of petitions. Authority: 5 U.S.C. 553(e), 5 U.S.C. 555(e). Source: 48 FR 57123, Dec. 28, 1983, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1051.1 Scope. (a) This part establishes procedures for the submission and disposition of petitions for the issuance, amendment or revocation of rules under the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) (15 U.S.C. 2051 et seq.) or other statutes administered by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (b) Persons filing petitions for rulemaking shall follow as closely as possible the requirements and are encouraged to follow as closely as possible the recommendations for filing petitions under Sec. 1051.5. [[Page 144]] (c) Petitions regarding products regulated under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (FHSA) (15 U.S.C. 1261 et seq.) are governed by existing Commission procedures at 16 CFR 1500.82. Petitions regarding the exemption of products regulated under the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 (PPPA) (15 U.S.C. 1471 et seq.) are governed by existing Commission procedures at 16 CFR part 1702. In addition, however, persons filing such petitions shall follow the requirements and are encouraged to follow the recommendations for filing petitions as set forth in Sec. 1051.5. [48 FR 57123, Dec. 28, 1983, as amended at 64 FR 48704, Sept. 8, 1999] Sec. 1051.2 General. (a) Any person may file with the Commission a petition requesting the Commission to begin a proceeding to issue, amend or revoke a regulation under any of the statutes it administers. (b) A petition which addresses a risk of injury associated with a product which could be eliminated or reduced to a sufficient extent by action taken under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act, the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970, or the Flammable Fabrics Act may be considered by the Commission under those Acts. However, if the Commission finds by rule, in accordance with section 30(d) of the CPSA, as amended by Public Law 94-284, that it is in the public interest to regulate such risk of injury under the CPSA, it may do so. Upon determination by the Office of the General Counsel that a petition should be considered under one of these acts rather than the CPSA, the Office of the Secretary shall docket and process the petition under the appropriate act and inform the petitioner of this determination. Such docketing, however, shall not preclude the Commission from proceeding to regulate the product under the CPSA after making the necessary findings. Sec. 1051.3 Place of filing. A petition should be mailed to: Office of the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207. Persons wishing to file a petition in person may do so in the Office of the Secretary, at 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, Maryland. [48 FR 57123, Dec. 28, 1983, as amended at 62 FR 46667, Sept. 4, 1997] Sec. 1051.4 Time of filing. For purposes of computing time periods under this part, a petition shall be considered filed when time-date stamped by the Office of the Secretary. A document is time-date stamped when it is received in the Office of the Secretary. Sec. 1051.5 Requirements and recommendations for petitions. (a) Requirements. To be considered a petition under this part, any request to issue, amend or revoke a rule shall meet the requirements of this paragraph (a). A petition shall: (1) Be written in the English language; (2) Contain the name and address of the petitioner; (3) Indicate the product (or products) regulated under the Consumer Product Safety Act or other statute the Commission administers for which a rule is sought or for which there is an existing rule sought to be modified or revoked. (If the petition regards a procedural or other rule not involving a specific product, the type of rule involved must be indicated.) (4) Set forth facts which establish the claim that the issuance, amendment, or revocation of the rule is necessary (for example, such facts may include personal experience; medical, engineering or injury data; or a research study); and (5) Contain an explicit request to initiate Commission rulemaking and set forth a brief description of the substance of the proposed rule or amendment or revocation thereof which it is claimed should be issued by the Commission. (A general request for regulatory action which does not reasonably specify the type of action requested shall not be sufficient for purposes of this subsection.) (b) Recommendations. The Commission encourages the submission of as much information as possible related to the petition. Thus, to assist the Commission in its evaluation of a petition, to [[Page 145]] the extent the information is known and available to the petitioner, the petitioner is encouraged to supply the following information or any other information relating to the petition. The petition will be considered by the Commission even if the petitioner is unable to supply the information recommended in this paragraph (b). However, as applicable, and to the extent possible, the petitioner is encouraged to: (1) Describe the specific risk(s) of injury to which the petition is addressed, including the degree (severity) and the nature of the risk(s) of injury associated with the product and possible reasons for the existence of the risk of injury (for example, product defect, poor design, faulty workmanship, or intentional or unintentional misuse); (2) State why a consumer product safety standard would not be feasible if the petition requests the issuance of a rule declaring the product to be a banned hazardous product; and (3) Supply or reference any known documentation, engineering studies, technical studies, reports of injuries, medical findings, legal analyses, economic analyses and environmental impact analyses relating to the petition. (c) Procedural recommendations. The following are procedural recommendations to help the Commission in its consideration of petitions. The Commission requests, but does not require, that a petition filed under this part: (1) Be typewritten, (2) Include the word ``petition'' in a heading preceding the text, (3) Specify what section of the statute administered by the Commission authorizes the requested rulemaking, (4) Include the telephone number of the petitioner, and (5) Be accompanied by at least five (5) copies of the petition. Sec. 1051.6 Documents not considered petitions. (a) A document filed with the Commission which addresses a topic or involves a product outside the jurisdiction of the Commission will not be considered to be a petition. After consultation with the Office of the General Counsel, the Office of the Secretary, if appropriate, will forward to the appropriate agency documents which address products or topics within the jurisdiction of other agencies. The Office of the Secretary shall notify the sender of the document that it has been forwarded to the appropriate agency. (b) Any other documents filed with the Office of the Secretary that are determined by the Office of the General Counsel not to be petitions shall be evaluated for possible staff action. The Office of the General Counsel shall notify the writer of the manner in which the Commission staff is treating the document. If the writer has indicated an intention to petition the Commission, the Office of the General Counsel shall inform the writer of the procedure to be followed for petitioning. Sec. 1051.7 Statement in support of or in opposition to petitions; Duty of petitioners to remain apprised of developments regarding petitions. (a) Any person may file a statement with the Office of the Secretary in support of or in opposition to a petition prior to Commission action on the petition. Persons submitting statements in opposition to a petition are encouraged to provide copies of such statements to the petitioner. (b) It is the duty of the petitioner, or any person submitting a statement in support of or in opposition to a petition, to keep himself or herself apprised of developments regarding the petition. Information regarding the status of petitions is available from the Office of the Secretary of the Commission. (c) The Office of the Secretary shall send to the petitioner a copy of the staff briefing package on his or her petition at the same time the package is transmitted to the Commissioners for decision. Sec. 1051.8 Public hearings on petitions. (a) The Commission may hold a public hearing or may conduct such investigation or proceeding, including a public meeting, as it deems appropriate to determine whether a petition should be granted. (b) If the Commission decides that a public hearing on a petition, or any portion thereof, would contribute to its determination of whether to grant or [[Page 146]] deny the petition, it shall publish in the Federal Register a notice of a hearing on the petition and invite interested persons to submit their views through an oral or written presentation or both. The hearings shall be informal, nonadversary, legislative-type proceedings in accordance with 16 CFR part 1052. Sec. 1051.9 Factors the Commission considers in granting or denying petitions. (a) The major factors the Commission considers in deciding whether to grant or deny a petition regarding a product include the following items: (1) Whether the product involved presents an unreasonable risk of injury. (2) Whether a rule is reasonably necessary to eliminate or reduce the risk of injury. (3) Whether failure of the Commission to initiate the rulemaking proceeding requested would unreasonably expose the petitioner or other consumers to the risk of injury which the petitioner alleges is presented by the product. (4) Whether, in the case of a petition to declare a consumer product a ``banned hazardous product'' under section 8 of the CPSA, the product is being or will be distributed in commerce and whether a feasible consumer product safety standard would adequately protect the public from the unreasonable risk of injury associated with such product. (b) In considering these factors, the Commission will treat as an important component of each one the relative priority of the risk of injury associated with the product about which the petition has been filed and the Commission's resources available for rulemaking activities with respect to that risk of injury. The CPSC Policy on Establishing Priorities for Commission Action, 16 CFR 1009.8, sets forth the criteria upon which Commission priorities are based. Sec. 1051.10 Granting petitions. (a) The Commission shall either grant or deny a petition within a reasonable time after it is filed, taking into account the resources available for processing the petition. The Commission may also grant a petition in part or deny it in part. If the Commission grants a petition, it shall begin proceedings to issue, amend or revoke the rule under the appropriate provisions of the statutes under its administration. Beginning a proceeding means taking the first step in the rulemaking process (issuance of an advance notice of proposed rulemaking or a notice of proposed rulemaking, whichever is applicable). (b) Granting a petition and beginning a proceeding does not necessarily mean that the Commission will issue, amend or revoke the rule as requested in the petition. The Commission must make a final decision as to the issuance, amendment, or revocation of a rule on the basis of all available relevant information developed in the course of the rulemaking proceeding. Should later information indicate that the action is unwarranted or not necessary, the Commission may terminate the proceeding. Sec. 1051.11 Denial of petitions. (a) If the Commission denies a petition it shall promptly notify the petitioner in writing of its reasons for such denial as required by the Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C. 555(e). (b) If the Commission denies a petition, the petitioner (or another party) can refile the petition if the party can demonstrate that new or changed circumstances or additional information justify reconsideration by the Commission. (c) A Commission denial of a petition shall not preclude the Commission from continuing to consider matters raised in the petition. PART 1052_PROCEDURAL REGULATIONS FOR INFORMAL ORAL PRESENTATIONS IN PROCEEDINGS BEFORE THE CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION--Table of Contents Sec. 1052.1 Scope and purpose. 1052.2 Notice of opportunity for oral presentation. 1052.3 Conduct of oral presentation. 1052.4 Presiding officer; appointment, duties, powers. [[Page 147]] Authority: 15 U.S.C. 1193(d), 15 U.S.C. 2058(d)(2), 15 U.S.C. 2076(a), and 5 U.S.C. 553(c). Source: 48 FR 57122, Dec. 28, 1983, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1052.1 Scope and purpose. (a) Section 9(d)(2) of the Consumer Product Safety Act, 15 U.S.C. 2058(d)(2), and section 4(d) of the Flammable Fabrics Act, 15 U.S.C. 1193(d), provide that certain rules under those statutes shall be promulgated pursuant to section 4 of the Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C. 553, except that the Commission shall give interested persons an opportunity for the oral presentation of data, views or arguments in addition to the opportunity to make written submissions. Several rulemaking provisions of the statutes administered by the Commission are subject only to the rulemaking procedures of the Administrative Procedure Act. Section 4(c) of the Administrative Procedure Act provides that the opportunity for oral presentations may or may not be granted in rulemaking under that section. In addition, section 27(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Act, 15 U.S.C. 2076(a), authorizes informal proceedings that can be conducted in non-rulemaking investigatory situations. (b) This part sets forth rules of procedure for the oral presentation of data, views or arguments in the informal rulemaking or investigatory situations described in subsection (a) of this section. In situations where the opportunity for an oral presentation is not required by statute, the Commission will determine whether to provide the opportunity on a case-by-case basis. Sec. 1052.2 Notice of opportunity for oral presentation. The Commission will publish in the Federal Register notice of opportunity for an oral presentation in each instance. The notice shall be sufficiently in advance of the oral presentation to allow interested persons to participate. If the oral presentation involves a proposed rule, the notice of opportunity may be in the notice proposing the rule or in a later, separate Federal Register notice. Sec. 1052.3 Conduct of oral presentation. (a) The purpose of the oral presentation is to afford interested persons an opportunity to participate in person in the Commission's rulemaking or other proceedings and to help inform the Commission of relevant data, views and arguments. (b) The oral presentation, which shall be taped or transcribed, shall be an informal, non-adversarial legislative-type proceeding at which there will be no formal pleadings or adverse parties. (c) The proceedings for the oral presentation shall be conducted impartially, thoroughly, and expeditiously to allow interested persons an opportunity for oral presentation of data, views or arguments. Sec. 1052.4 Presiding officer; appointment, duties, powers. (a) For oral presentations, the presiding officer shall either be the Chairman of the Commission or a presiding officer shall be appointed by the Chairman with the concurrence of the Commission. (b) The presiding officer shall chair the proceedings, shall make appropriate provision for testimony, comments and questions, and shall be responsible for the orderly conduct of the proceedings. The presiding officer shall have all the powers necessary or appropriate to contribute to the equitable and efficient conduct of the oral proceedings including the following: (1) The right to apportion the time of persons making presentations in an equitable manner in order to complete the presentations within the time period allotted for the proceedings. (2) The right to terminate or shorten the presentation of any party when, in the view of the presiding officer, such presentation is repetitive or is not relevant to the purpose of the proceedings. (3) The right to confine the presentations to the issues specified in the notice of oral proceeding or, where no issues are specified, to matters pertinent to the proposed rule or other proceeding. (4) The right to require a single representative to present the views of two or more persons or groups who have [[Page 148]] the same or similar interests. The presiding officer shall have the authority to identify groups or persons with the same or similar interests in the proceedings. (c) The presiding officer and Commission representatives shall have the right to question persons making an oral presentation as to their testimony and any other relevant matter. PART 1061_APPLICATIONS FOR EXEMPTION FROM PREEMPTION--Table of Contents Sec. 1061.1 Scope and purpose. 1061.2 Definitions. 1061.3 Statutory considerations. 1061.4 Threshold requirements for applications for exemption. 1061.5 Form of applications for exemption. 1061.6 Contents of applications for exemption. 1061.7 Documentation of the State or local requirement. 1061.8 Information on the heightened degree of protection afforded. 1061.9 Information about the effect on interstate commerce. 1061.10 Information on affected parties. 1061.11 Incomplete or insufficient applications. 1061.12 Commission consideration on merits. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2075; 15 U.S.C. 1261n; 15 U.S.C. 1203; 15 U.S.C. 1476. Source: 56 FR 3416, Jan. 30, 1991, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1061.1 Scope and purpose. (a) This part applies to the submission and consideration of applications by State and local governments for exemption from preemption by statutes, standards, and regulations of the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (b) This part implements section 26 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) (15 U.S.C. 2075), section 18 of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (FHSA) (15 U.S.C. 1261n), section 16 of the Flammable Fabrics Act (FFA) (15 U.S.C. 1203), and section 7 of the Poison Prevention Packaging Act (PPPA) (15 U.S.C. 1476), all as amended. Sec. 1061.2 Definitions. For the purposes of this part: (a) Commission means the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (b) Commission's statutory preemption provisions and statutory preemption provisions means section 26 of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2075), section 18 of the FHSA (15 U.S.C. 1261n), section 16 of the FFA (15 U.S.C. 1203) and section 7 of the PPPA (15 U.S.C. 1476). (c) Commission statute, standard, or regulation means a statute, standard, regulation, or requirement that is designated as having a preemptive effect by the Commission's statutory preemption provisions. (d) State means a State, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, Wake Island, Midway Island, Kingman Reef, Johnston Island, the Canal Zone, American Samoa, or the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. (e) Local government means any political subdivision of a State having the authority to establish or continue in effect any standard, regulation, or requirement that has the force of law and is applicable to a consumer product. (f) State or local requirement means any statute, standard, regulation, ordinance, or other requirement that applies to a product regulated by the Commission, that is issued by a State or local government, and that is intended to have the force of law when in effect. Sec. 1061.3 Statutory considerations. (a) The Commission's statutory preemption provisions provide, generally, that whenever consumer products are subject to certain Commission statutes, standards, or regulations, a State or local requirement applicable to the same product is preempted, i.e., superseded and made unenforceable, if both are designed to protect against the same risk of injury or illness, unless the State or local requirement is identical to the Commission's statutory requirement, standard, or regulation. A State or local requirement is not preempted if the product it is applicable to is for the State or local government's own use and the requirement provides a higher degree of protection than the Commission's statutory requirement, standard, or regulation. (b) The Commission's statutory preemption provisions provide, generally, that if a State or local government [[Page 149]] wants to enforce its own requirement that is preempted, the State or local government must seek an exemption from the Commission before any such enforcement. The Commission may, by regulation, exempt a State or local requirement from preemption if it finds that the State or local requirement affords a significantly higher degree of protection than the Commission's statute, standard, or regulation, and that it does not unduly burden interstate commerce. Such findings must be included in any exemption regulation. Sec. 1061.4 Threshold requirements for applications for exemption. (a) The Commission will consider an application for preemption on its merits, only if the application demonstrates all of the following: (1) The State or local requirement has been enacted or issued in final form by an authorized official or instrumentality of the State or local government. For purposes of this section, a State or local requirement may be considered to have been enacted or issued in final form even though it is preempted by a Commission standard or regulation. (2) The applicant is an official or instrumentality of a State or local government having authority to act for, or on behalf of, that government in applying for an exemption from preemption for the safety requirement referred to in the application. (3) The State or local requirement is preempted under a Commission statutory preemption provision by a Commission statute, standard, or regulation. A State or local requirement is preempted if the following tests are met: (i) There is a Commission statute, standard, or regulation in effect that is applicable to the product covered by the State or local requirement. (ii) The Commission statute, standard, or regulation is designated as having a preemptive effect under a statutory preemption provision. (iii) The State or local requirement is designed to protect against the same risk of injury or illness as that addressed by the Commission statute, standard, or regulation. (iv) The State or local requirement is not identical to the Commission statute, standard, or regulation. (b) State and local governments may contact the Commission's Office of the General Counsel to obtain informal advice on whether a State or local requirement meets the threshold requirements of paragraph (a) of this section. Sec. 1061.5 Form of applications for exemption. An application for exemption shall: (a) Be written in the English language. (b) Clearly indicate that it is an application for an exemption from preemption by a Commission statute, standard, or regulation. (c) Identify the State or local requirement that is the subject of the application and give the date it was enacted or issued in final form. (d) Identify the specific Commission statute, standard, or regulation that is believed to preempt the State or local requirement. (e) Contain the name and address of the person, branch, department, agency, or other instrumentality of the State or local government that should be notified of the Commission's actions concerning the application. (f) Document the applicant's authority to act for, or on behalf of, the State or local government in applying for an exemption from preemption for the particular safety requirement in question. (g) Be signed by an individual having authority to apply for the exemption from federal preemption on behalf of the applicant. (h) Be submitted, in five copies, to the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207. Sec. 1061.6 Contents of applications for exemption. Applications for exemption shall include the information specified in Sec. Sec. 1061.7 through 1061.10. More generally, a State or local government seeking an exemption should provide the Commission with the most complete information possible in support of the findings the Commission is required to make in issuing an exemption [[Page 150]] regulation. If any of the specified information is omitted because it is unavailable or not relevent, such omission should be explained in the application. Sec. 1061.7 Documentation of the State or local requirement. An application for an exemption from preemption shall contain the following information: (a) A copy of the State or local requirement that is the subject of the application. Where available, the application shall also include copies of any legislative history or background materials used in issuing the requirement, including hearing reports or studies concerning the development or consideration of the requirement. (b) A written explanation of why compliance with the State or local requirement would not cause the product to be in violation of the applicable Commission statute, standard, or regulation. Sec. 1061.8 Information on the heightened degree of protection afforded. An application for an exemption from preemption shall also contain information demonstrating that the State or local requirement provides a significantly higher degree of protection from the risk of injury or illness than the preempting Commission statute, standard, or regulation. More specifically, an application shall contain: (a) A description of the risk of injury or illness addressed by the State or local requirement. (b) A detailed explanation of the State or local requirement and its rationale. (c) An analysis of differences between the State or local requirement and the Commission statute, standard, or regulation. (d) A detailed explanation of the State or local test method and its rationale. (e) Information comparing available test results for the Commission statute, standard, or regulation and the State or local requirement. (f) Information to show hazard reduction as a result of the State or local requirement, including injury data and results of accident simulation. (g) Any other information that is relevant to applicant's contention that the State or local requirement provides a significantly higher degree of protection than does the Commission statute, standard, or regulation. (h) Information regarding enforcement of the State or local requirement and sanctions that could be imposed for noncompliance. Sec. 1061.9 Information about the effect on interstate commerce. An application for exemption from preemption shall provide information on the effect on interstate commerce a granting of the requested exemption would be expected to cause, including the extent of the burden and the benefit to public health and safety that would be provided by the State or local requirement. More specifically, applications for exemption shall include, where available, information showing: (a) That it is technologically feasible to comply with the State or local requirement. Evidence of technological feasibility could take the form of: (1) Statements by affected persons indicating ability to comply with the State or local government requirement. (2) Statements indicating that other jurisdictions have established similar requirements that have been, or could be, met by persons affected by the requirement that is the subject of the application. (3) Information as to technological product or process modifications necessary to achieve compliance with the State or local requirement. (4) Any other information indicating the technological feasibility of compliance with the State or local requirement. (b) That it is economically feasible to comply with the State or local requirement, i.e., that there would not be significant adverse effects on the production and distribution of the regulated products. Evidence of economic feasibility could take the form of: (1) Information showing that the State or local requirement would not result in the unavailability (or result in a significant decline in the availability) of the product, either in the [[Page 151]] interstate market or within the geographic boundary of the State or local government imposing the requirement. (2) Statements from persons likely to be affected by the State or local requirement concerning the anticipated effect of the requirement on the availability or continued marketing of the product. (3) Any other information indicating the economic impact of compliance with the State or local requirement, such as projections of the anticipated effect of the State or local requirement on the sales and prices of the product, both in interstate commerce and within the geographic area of the State or local government. (c) The present geographic distribution of the product to which the State or local requirement would apply, and projections of future geographic distribution. Evidence of the geographic distribution could take the form of governmental or private information or data (including statements from manufacturers, distributors, or retailers of the product) showing advertising in the interstate market, interstate retailing, or interstate distribution. (d) The probability of other States or local governments applying for an exemption for a similar requirement. Evidence of the probability that other States or local governments would apply for an exemption could take the form of statements from other States or local governments indicating their intentions. (e) That specified local conditions require the State or local government to apply with the exemption in order to adequately protect the public health or safety of the State or local area. Sec. 1061.10 Information on affected parties. An application for an exemption from preemption shall include a statement which identifies in general terms, parties potentially affected by the State or local requirement, especially small businesses, including manufacturers, distributors, retailers, consumers, and consumer groups. Sec. 1061.11 Incomplete or insufficient applications. (a) If an application fails to meet the threshold requirements of Sec. 1061.4(a) of this part, the Office of General Counsel will inform the applicant and return the application without prejudice to its being resubmitted. (b) If an application fails to provide all the information specified in Sec. Sec. 1061.5 through 1061.10 of this part, and fails to fully explain why it has not been provided, the Office of General Counsel will either: (1) Return it to the applicant without prejudice to its being resubmitted, (2) Notify the applicant and allow it to provide the missing information, or (3) If the deficiencies are minor and the applicant concurs, forward it to the Commission for consideration on its merits. (c) If the Commission or the Commission staff believes that additional information is necessary or useful for a proper evaluation of the application, the Commission or Commission staff will promptly request the applicant to furnish such additional information. (d) If an application is not returned under paragraphs (a) or (b) of this section, the Commission will consider it on its merits. Sec. 1061.12 Commission consideration on merits. (a) If the Commission proposes to grant an application for exemption it will, in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 553, publish a notice of that fact in the Federal Register, including a proposed exemption regulation, and provide an opportunity for written and oral comments on the proposed exemption by any interested party. (b) The Commission will evaluate all timely written and oral submissions received from interested parties, as well as any other available and relevant information on the proposal. (c) The Commission's evaluation will focus on: (1) Whether the State or local requirement provides a significantly higher degree of protection than the Commission statute or regulation from the risk of injury or illness that they both address. [[Page 152]] (2) Whether the State or local requirement would unduly burden interstate commerce if the grant of the exemption from preemption allows it to go into effect. The Commission will evaluate these factors in accordance with the Commission's statutory preemption provisions and their legislative history. (3) Whether compliance with the State or local requirements would not cause the product to be in violation of the applicable Commission statute, standard, or regulation. (d) If, after evaluating the record, the Commission determines to grant an exemption, it will publish a final exemption regulation, including the findings required by the statutory preemption provisions, in the Federal Register. (e) If the Commission denies an application, whether or not published for comment, it will publish its reasons for doing so in the Federal Register. [[Page 153]] SUBCHAPTER B_CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY ACT REGULATIONS PART 1101_INFORMATION DISCLOSURE UNDER SECTION 6(b) OF THE CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY ACT--Table of Contents Subpart A_Background Sec. 1101.1 General background. 1101.2 Scope. Subpart B_Information Subject to Notice and Analysis Provisions of Section 6(b)(1) 1101.11 General application of provisions of section 6(b)(1). 1101.12 Commission must disclose information to the public. 1101.13 Public ability to ascertain readily identity of manufacturer or private labeler. Subpart C_Procedure for Providing Notice and Opportunity To Comment Under Section 6(b)(1) 1101.21 Form of notice and opportunity to comment. 1101.22 Timing: request for time extensions. 1101.23 Providing less than 15 days notice before disclosing information. 1101.24 Scope of comments Commission seeks. 1101.25 Notice of intent to disclose. 1101.26 Circumstances when the Commission does not provide notice and opportunity to comment. Subpart D_Reasonable Steps Commission Will Take To Assure Information It Discloses Is Accurate, and That Disclosure Is Fair in the Circumstances and Reasonably Related to Effectuating the Purposes of the Acts It Administers 1101.31 General requirements. 1101.32 Reasonable steps to assure information is accurate. 1101.33 Reasonable steps to assure information release is fair in the circumstances. 1101.34 Reasonable steps to assure information release is ``reasonably related to effectuating the purposes of the Acts'' the Commission administers. Subpart E_Statutory Exceptions of Section 6(b)(4) 1101.41 Generally. 1101.42 Imminent hazard exception. 1101.43 Section 6(b)(4)(A) exception. 1101.44 Rulemaking proceeding exception. 1101.45 Adjudicatory proceeding exception. 1101.46 Other administrative or judicial proceeding exception. Subpart F_Retraction 1101.51 Commission interpretation. 1101.52 Procedure for retraction. Subpart G_Information Submitted Pursuant to Section 15(b) of the CPSA 1101.61 Generally. 1101.62 Statutory exceptions to section 6(b)(5) requirements. 1101.63 Information submitted pursuant to section 15(b) of the CPSA. Subpart H_Delegation of Authority to Information Group 1101.71 Delegation of authority. Authority: Section 6(b) of Public Law 92-573, as amended by Section 211 of Public Law 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016, 15 U.S.C. 2055(b), 5 U.S.C. 553(b). Source: 48 FR 57430, Dec. 29, 1983, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_Background Sec. 1101.1 General background. (a) Basic purpose. This rule sets forth the Consumer Product Safety Commission's policy and procedure under sections 6(b)(1)-(5) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) (15 U.S.C. 2055(b)(1)-(5)) which relate to public disclosure of information from which the identity of a manufacturer or private labeler of a product can be readily ascertained. In addition, these rules provide for retraction of inaccurate or misleading information the Commission has disclosed that reflects adversely on the safety of a consumer product or class of products or on the practices of any manufacturer, private labeler, distributor or retailer of consumer products as required by section 6(b)(7) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2055(b)(7)). (b) Statutory requirements. Section 6(b) establishes procedures that the [[Page 154]] Commission must follow when it releases certain firm specific information to the public and when it retracts certain information it has released. (1) Generally, section 6(b)(1) requires the Commission to provide manufacturers or private labelers with advance notice and opportunity to comment on information the Commission proposes to release, if the public can readily ascertain the identity of the firm from the information. Section 6(b)(1) also requires the Commission to take reasonable steps to assure that the information is accurate and that disclosure is fair in the circumstances and reasonably related to effectuating the purposes of the Acts administered by the Commission. Disclosure of information may not occur in fewer than 15 days after notice to the manufacturer or private labeler unless the Commission publishes a finding that the public health and safety requires a lesser period of notice. Exceptions to these requirements are established in section 6(b)(4). Additional limitations on the disclosure of information reported to the Commission under section 15(b) of the CPSA are established in section 6(b)(5). (2) Section 6(b)(2) requires the Commission to provide further notice to manufacturers or private labelers where the Commission proposes to disclose product-specific information the firms have claimed to be inaccurate. (3) Section 6(b)(3) authorizes manufacturers and private labelers to bring lawsuits against the Commission to prevent disclosure of product- specific information after the firms have received the notice specified. (c) Internal clearance procedures. Section 6(b)(6) requires the Commission to establish internal clearance procedures for Commission initiated disclosures of information that reflect on the safety of a consumer product or class of products, even if the information is not product specific. This rule does not address section 6(b)(6) because the Commission has internal clearance procedures in its directives system. (Directive 1450.2 ``Clearance Procedures for Commission Staff to Use in Providing Information to the Public.'' April 27, 1983. [48 FR 57430, Dec. 29, 1983, as amended at 73 FR 72334, Nov. 28, 2008] Sec. 1101.2. Scope. Section 6(b) and these rules apply to information concerning products subject to the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2051-2085), and to the four other acts the Commission administers (transferred acts). These transferred acts are the Flammable Fabrics Act, 15 U.S.C. 1191-1204 (FFA); the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970, 15 U.S.C. 1471-1476 (PPPA); the Federal Hazardous Substances Act, 15 U.S.C. 1261-1276 (FHSA); and the Refrigerator Safety Act, 15 U.S.C. 1211-1214 (RSA). These provisions are now applicable to the Virginia Graeme Baker Pool and Spa Safety Act, 15 U.S.C. 8003(a); and the Children's Gasoline Burn Prevention Act Sec. 2(a), Public Law 110-278, 122 Stat. 2602 (July 17, 2008). [73 FR 72334, Nov. 28, 2008] Subpart B_Information Subject to Notice and Analysis Provisions of Section 6(b)(1) Sec. 1101.11 General application of provisions of section 6(b)(1). (a) Information subject to section 6(b)(1). To be subject to the notice and analysis provisions of section 6(b)(1), information must meet all the following criteria: (1) The information must pertain to a specific product which is either designated or described in a manner which permits its identity to be ascertained readily by the public. (2) The information must be obtained, generated or received by the Commission as an entity or by individual members, employees, agents, contractors or representatives of the Commission acting in their official capacities. (3) The Commission or its members, employees, agents or representatives must propose to disclose the information to the public (see Sec. 1101.12). [[Page 155]] (4) The manner in which the product is designated or described in the information must permit the public to ascertain readily the identity of the manufacturer or private labeler. [See Sec. 1101.13.] (b) Information not subject to section 6(b)(1). The requirements of section 6(b)(1) do not apply to: (1) Information described in the exclusions contained in section 6(b)(4) of the CPSA (see subpart E of this rule). (2) Information the Commission is required by law to make publicly available. This information includes, for example, Commission notifications to foreign governments regarding certain products to be exported, as required by section 18(b) of the CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2068(b); section 14(d) of the FHSA, 15 U.S.C. 1273(d); and section 15(c) of the FFA, 15 U.S.C. 1202(c). (See the Commission's Export Policy Statement, 16 CFR part 1017.) (3) Information required to be disclosed to the President and Congress pursuant to section 27(j) of the CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2076(j). (4) Press releases issued by firms. (5) Information filed or presented in administrative proceedings or litigation to which the Commission is a party and which is not expressly subject to the section 6(b)(4) exceptions. Sec. 1101.12 Commission must disclose information to the public. Public. For the purposes of section 6(b)(1), the public includes any person except: (a) Members, employees, agents, representatives and contractors of the Commission, in their official capacity. (b) State officials who are commissioned officers under section 29(a)(2) of the CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2078(a)(2), to the extent that the Commission furnishes them information necessary for them to perform their duties under that section. Such officials may not release to the public copies of such information unless the Commission has complied with section 6(b) or the information falls within an exception to section 6(b). (c) Members of a Commission Chronic Hazard Advisory Panel established under section 28 of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2077). However, disclosures of information by such a Panel are subject to section 6(b). (d) The persons or firms to whom the information to be disclosed pertains, or their legal representatives. (e) The persons or firms who provided the information to the Commission, or their legal representatives. (f) Other Federal agencies or state or local governments to whom accident and investigation reports are provided pursuant to section 29(e) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2078(e)). However, as required by that section, employees of Federal agencies or state or local governments may not release to the public copies of any accident or investigation report made under the CPSA by an officer, employee or agent of the Commission unless CPSC has complied with the applicable requirements of section 6(b). (g) The Chairman or ranking minority member of a committee or subcommittee of Congress acting pursuant to committee business and having jurisdiction over the matter which is the subject of the information requested. (h) Any federal, state, local, or foreign government agency pursuant to, and in accordance with, section 29(f) of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016 (August 14, 2008)). [48 FR 57430, Dec. 29, 1983, as amended at 73 FR 72335, Nov. 28, 2008] Sec. 1101.13 Public ability to ascertain readily identity of manufacturer or private labeler. The advance notice and analysis provisions of section 6(b)(1) apply only when a reasonable person receiving the information in the form in which it is to be disclosed and lacking specialized expertise can readily ascertain from the information itself the identity of the manufacturer or private labeler of a particular product. The Commission will provide the advance notice and opportunity to comment if there is a question whether the public could readily ascertain the identity of a manufacturer or private labeler. [[Page 156]] Subpart C_Procedure for Providing Notice and Opportunity To Comment Under Section 6(b)(1) Sec. 1101.21 Form of notice and opportunity to comment. (a) Notice may be oral or written. The Commission will generally provide to manufacturers or private labelers written notice and opportunity to comment on information subject to section 6(b)(1). However, when the Commission publishes a finding that the public health and safety requires a lesser period of notice pursuant to section 6(b)(1) of the CPSA, the Commission may determine that it is necessary to provide the notice and opportunity to comment orally, either in person or by telephone. (b) Content of notice. The Commission will provide the manufacturer or private labeler with: (1) Either the actual text of the information to be disclosed or, if appropriate, a summary of the information. (2) A general description of the manner in which the Commission will disclose the information, including any other relevant information the Commission intends to include with the disclosure. If the Commission advises that the form of disclosure will be by press release, for example, the Commission need not provide further notice to disclose a summary of the press release. (3) A request for comment with respect to the information, including a request for explanatory data or other relevant information for the Commission's consideration. (4) A statement that, in the absence of a specific request by a firm that its comments be withheld from disclosure, the Commission will release to the public the firm's comments (or a summary thereof prepared by the firm or, if the firm declines to do so, by the Commission). (5) A statement that a request that comments be withheld from disclosure will be honored. (6) Notice that the firm may request confidential treatment for the information, in accordance with section 6(a)(3) of the Consumer Product Safety Act, 15 U.S.C. 2055(a)(3) (see Sec. 1101.24(b)). (7) A statement that no further request for comment will be sought by the Commission if it intends to disclose the identical information in the same format, unless the firm specifically requests the opportunity to comment on subsequent information disclosures. (8) The name, address, and telephone number of the person to whom comments should be sent and the time when any comments are due (see Sec. 1101.22). [48 FR 57430, Dec. 29, 1983, as amended at 73 FR 72335, Nov. 28, 2008] Sec. 1101.22 Timing: request for time extensions. (a) Time for comment. (1) Generally firms will receive ten (10) calendar days from the date of the letter in which the Commission transmits the notice to furnish comments to the Commission. Firms that receive requests for comments by mail will receive an additional three (3) days to comment to account for time in the mail. (2) Upon his or her own initiative or upon request, the Freedom of Information Officer may provide a different amount of time for comment, particularly for firms that receive voluminous or complex material. In addition, the Commission may publish a finding that the public health and safety requires a lesser period of notice and may require a response in a shorter period of time (see Sec. 1101.24). (b) No response submitted. (1) If the Commission has not received a response within the time specified and if it has received no request for extension of time, the Commission will analyze the information as provided in subpart D. If no comments are submitted the Commission will not give the further notice provided in section 6(b)(2). (2) Unless the Commission publishes a finding that the public health and safety requires a lesser period of notice (see Sec. 1101.23), the Commission will not disclose the information in fewer than 15 days after providing a manufacturer or private labeler notice and opportunity to comment. (c) Requests for time extension. (1) Requests for extension of time to comment on information to be disclosed [[Page 157]] must be made to the person who provided the Commission's notice and opportunity to comment. The request for time extension may be either oral or written. An oral request for a time extension must be promptly confirmed in writing. (2) Requests for extension of time must explain with specificity why the extension is needed and how much additional time is required. (3) The Commission will promptly respond to requests for extension of time. [48 FR 57430, Dec. 29, 1983, as amended at 73 FR 72335, Nov. 28, 2008] Sec. 1101.23 Providing less than 15 days notice before disclosing information. There are two circumstances in which the Commission may disclose to the public information subject to section 6(b)(1) in a time less than 15 days after providing notice to the manufacturer or private labeler. (a) Firm agrees to lesser period or does not object to disclosure. The Commission may disclose to the public information subject to section 6(b)(1) before the 15-day period expires when, after receiving the Commission's notice and opportunity to comment, the firm involved agrees to the earlier disclosure; notifies the Commission that it has no comment; or notifies the Commission that it does not object to disclosure. (b) Commission finding a lesser period is required. Section 6(b)(1) provides that the Commission may publish a finding that the public health and safety requires a lesser period of notice than the 15 days advance notice that section 6(b)(1) generally requires. The Commission may find that the public health and safety requires less than 15 days advance notice, for example, to warn the public quickly because individuals may be in danger from a product hazard or a potential hazard, or to correct product safety information released by third persons, which mischaracterizes statements made by the Commission about the product or which attributes to the Commission statements about the product which the Commission did not make. (c) Notice of finding. The Commission will inform a manufacturer or private labeler of a product which is the subject of a public health and safety finding that the public health and safety requires less than 15 days advance notice either orally or in writing, depending on the immediacy of the need for quick action. Where applicable, before releasing information, the Commission will comply with the requirements of section 6(b) (1) and (2) by giving the firm the opportunity to comment on the information, either orally or in writing depending on the immediacy of the need for quick action, and by giving the firm advance notice before disclosing information claimed by a manufacturer or private labeler to be inaccurate (see Sec. 1101.25). [48 FR 57430, Dec. 29, 1983, as amended at 73 FR 72335, Nov. 28, 2008] Sec. 1101.24 Scope of comments Commission seeks. (a) Comment in regard to the information. The section 6(b) opportunity to comment on information is intended to permit firms to furnish information and data to the Commission to assist the agency in its evaluation of the accuracy of the information. A firm's submission, therefore, must be specific and should be accompanied by documentation, where available, if the comments are to assist the Commission in its evaluation of the information. Comments of a general nature, such as general suggestions or allegations that a document is inaccurate or that the Commission has not taken reasonable steps to assure accuracy, are not sufficient to assist the Commission in its evaluation of the information or to justify a claim of inaccuracy. The weight accorded a firm's comments on the accuracy of information and the degree of scrutiny which the Commission will exercise in evaluating the information will depend on the specificity and completeness of the firm's comments and of the accompanying documentation. In general, specific comments which are accompanied by documentation will be given more weight than those which are undocumented and general in nature. (b) Claims of confidentiality. If the manufacturer or private labeler believes the information involved cannot be disclosed because of section 6(a)(2) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2055(a)(2)), [[Page 158]] which pertains to trade secret or other confidential material, the firm may make claims of confidentiality at the time it submits its comments to the Commission under this section. Such claims must identify the specific information which the firm believes to be confidential or trade secret material and must state with specificity the grounds on which the firm bases it claims. (See Commission's Freedom of Information Act regulation, 16 CFR part 1015, particularly 16 CFR 1015.18.) (c) Requests for nondisclosure of comments. If a firm objects to disclosure of its comments or a portion thereof, it must notify the Commission at the time it submits its comments. If the firm objects to the disclosure of a portion of its comments, it must identify those portions which should be withheld. Sec. 1101.25 Notice of intent to disclose. (a) Notice to manufacturer or private labeler. In accordance with section 6(b)(2) of the CPSA, if the Commission, after following the notice provisions of section 6(b)(1), determines that information claimed to be inaccurate by a manufacturer or private labeler in comments submitted under section 6(b)(1) should be disclosed because the Commission believes it has complied with section 6(b)(1), the Commission shall notify the manufacturer or private labeler that it intends to disclose the information not less than 5 days after the date of the receipt of notification by the firm. The notice of intent to disclose will include an explanation of the reason for the Commission's decision, copies of any additional materials, such as explanatory statements and letters to Freedom of Information Act requesters, which were not previously sent to the firm. (b) Commission finding a lesser period is required. The Commission may determine that the public health and safety requires less than 5 days advance notice of its intent to disclose information claimed to be inaccurate. For example, the Commission may determine it is necessary to warn the public quickly because individuals may be in danger from a product hazard or a potential hazard, or to correct product safety information released by third persons, which mischaracterized statements made by the Commission about the product or which attributes to the Commission statements about the product which the Commission did not make. (c) Notice of findings. The Commission will inform a manufacturer or private labeler of a product which is the subject of a public health and safety finding that the public health and safety requires less than 5 days advance notice either orally or in writing, depending on the immediacy of the need for quick action. [48 FR 57430, Dec. 29, 1983, as amended at 73 FR 72335, Nov. 28, 2008] Sec. 1101.26 Circumstances when the Commission does not provide notice and opportunity to comment. (a) Notice to the extent practicable. Section 6(b)(1) requires that ``to the extent practicable'' the Commission must provide manufacturers and private labelers notice and opportunity to comment before disclosing information from which the public can ascertain readily their identity. (b) Circumstances when notice and opportunity to comment is not practicable. The Commission has determined that there are various circumstances when notice and opportunity to comment is not practicable. Examples include the following: (1) When the Commission has taken reasonable steps to assure that the company to which the information pertains is out of business and has no identifiable successor. (2) When the information is disclosed in testimony in response to an order of the court during litigation to which the Commission is not a party. Subpart D_Reasonable Steps Commission Will Take To Assure Information It Discloses Is Accurate, and That Disclosure Is Fair in the Circumstances and Reasonably Related to Effectuating the Purposes of the Acts It Administers Sec. 1101.31 General requirements. (a) Timing of decisions. The Commission will attempt to make its decision [[Page 159]] on disclosure so that it can disclose information in accordance with section 6(b) as soon as is reasonably possible after expiration of the statutory fifteen day moratorium on disclosure. (b) Inclusion of comments. In disclosing any information under this section, the Commission will include any comments or other information submitted by the manufacturer or private labeler unless the manufacturer or private labeler at the time it submits its section 6(b) comments specifically requests the Commission not to include the comments or to include only a designated portion of the comments and disclosure of the comments on such a designated portion is not necessary to assure that the disclosure of the information which is the subject of the comments is fair in the circumstances. (c) Explanatory statements. Where appropriate, the Commission will accompany the disclosure of information subject to this subpart with an explanatory statement that makes the nature of the information disclosed clear to the public. Inclusion of an explanatory statement is in addition to, and not a substitute for, taking reasonable steps to assure the accuracy of information. To the extent it is practical the Commission will also accompany the disclosure with any other relevant information in its possession that places the released information in context. (d) Information previously disclosed. If the Commission has previously disclosed, in accordance with section 6(b)(1), the identical information it intends to disclose again in the same format, it will not customarily take any additional steps to assure accuracy unless the Commission has some reason to question its accuracy or unless the firm, in its comments responding to the Commission's initial section 6(b) notice, specifically requests the opportunity to comment on subsequent disclosures, or unless the Commission determines that sufficient time has passed to warrant seeking section 6(b) comment again. Before disclosing the information the Commission will again review the information to see if accuracy is called into question and will further look to whether disclosure is fair in the circumstances and reasonably related to effectuating the purposes of the Acts the Commission administers. [48 FR 57430, Dec. 29, 1983, as amended at 73 FR 72335, Nov. 28, 2008] Sec. 1101.32 Reasonable steps to assure information is accurate. (a) The Commission considers that the following types of actions are reasonable steps to assure the accuracy of information it proposes to release to the public: (1) The Commission staff or a qualified person or entity outside the Commission (e.g., someone with requisite training or experience, such as a fire marshal, a fire investigator, an electrical engineer, or an attending physician) conducts an investigation or an inspection which yields or corroborates the product information to be disclosed; or (2) The Commission staff conducts a technical, scientific, or other evaluation which yields or corroborates the product information to be disclosed or the staff obtains a copy of such an evaluation conducted by a qualified person or entity; or (3) The Commission staff provides the information to be disclosed to the person who submitted it to the Commission for review and, if necessary, correction, and the submitter confirms the information as accurate to the best of the submitter's knowledge and belief, provided that: (i) The confirmation is made by the person injured or nearly injured in an incident involving the product; or (ii) The confirmation is made by a person who, on the basis of his or her own observation or experience, identifies an alleged safety- related defect in or problem with such a product even though no incident or injury associated with the defect or problem may have occurred; or (iii) The confirmation is made by an eyewitness to an injury or safety-related incident involving such a product; or (iv) The confirmation is made by an individual with requisite training or experience who has investigated and/or determined the cause of deaths, injuries or safety-related incidents involving such a product. Such persons would include, for example, a fire marshal, a [[Page 160]] fire investigator, an electrical engineer, an ambulance attendant, or an attending physician; or (v) The confirmation is made by a parent or guardian of a child involved in an incident involving such a product, or by a person to whom a child is entrusted on a temporary basis. (b) The steps set forth below are the steps the Commission will take to analyze the accuracy of information which it proposes to release to the public. (1) The Commission will review each proposed disclosure of information which is susceptible of factual verification to assure that reasonable steps have been taken to assure accuracy in accordance with Sec. 1101.32(a). (2) As described in subpart C, the Commission will provide a manufacturer or private labeler with a summary or text of the information the Commission proposes to disclose and will invite comment with respect to that information. (3) If the Commission receives no comments or only general, undocumented comments claiming inaccuracy, the Commission will review the information in accordance with Sec. 1101.32(a) and release it, generally without further investigating its accuracy if there is nothing on the face of the information that calls its accuracy into question. (4) If a firm comments on the accuracy of the information the Commission proposes to disclose, the Commission will review the information in light of the comments. The degree of review by the Commission and the weight accorded a firm's comments will be directly related to the specificity and completeness of the firm's comments on accuracy and the accompanying documentation. Documented comments will be given more weight than undocumented comments. Specific comments will be given more weight than general comments. Further steps may be taken to determine the accuracy of the information if the Commission determines such action appropriate. Sec. 1101.33 Reasonable steps to assure information release is fair in the circumstances. (a) The steps set forth below are the steps the Commission has determined are reasonable to take to assure disclosure of information to the public is fair in the circumstances: (1) The Commission will accompany information disclosed to the public with the manufacturer's or private labeler's comments unless the manufacturer or private labeler asks in its section 6(b) comments that its comments or a designated portion thereof not accompany the information. (2) The Commission generally will accompany the disclosure of information with an explanatory statement that makes the nature of the information disclosed clear to the public. The Commission will also take reasonable steps to disclose any other relevant information it its possession that will assure disclosure is fair in the circumstances. (3) The Commission will limit the form of disclosure to that which it considers appropriate in the circumstances. For example, the Commission may determine it is not appropriate to issue a nationwide press release in a particular situation and rather will issue a press release directed at certain localities, regions, or user populations. (4) The Commission may delay disclosure of information in some circumstances. For example, the Commission may elect to postpone an information release until an investigation, analysis or test of a product is complete, rather than releasing information piecemeal. (b) The Commission will not disclose information when it determines that disclosure would not be fair in the circumstances. The following are examples of disclosures which generally would not be fair in the circumstances. (1) Disclosure of information furnished by a firm to facilitate prompt remedial action or settlement of a case when the firm has a reasonable expectation that the information will be maintained by the Commission in concidence. [[Page 161]] (2) Disclosure of notes or minutes of meetings to discuss or negotiate settlement agreements and of drafts of documents prepared during settlement negotiations, where the firm has a reasonable expectation that such written materials will be maintained by the Commission in confidence. (3) Disclosure of the work-product of attorneys employed by a firm and information subject to an attorney/client privilege, if the Commission has obtained the information from the client or the attorney, the attorney or client advises the Commission of the confidential nature of the information at the time it is submitted to the Commission, and the information has been maintained in confidence by the client and the attorney. (4) Disclosure of a firm's comments (or a portion thereof) submitted under section 6(b)(1) over the firm's objection. Sec. 1101.34 Reasonable steps to assure information release is ``reasonably related to effectuating the purposes of the Acts'' the Commission administers. (a) The steps set forth below are the steps the Commission has determined are reasonable to take to assure that the disclosure of information to the public effectuates the purposes of the Acts it administers. (1) Purposes of the CPSA. The Commission will review information to determine whether disclosure would be reasonably related to effectuating one or more of the specific purposes of the CPSA, as set forth in sections 2(b) and 5, 15 U.S.C. 2051(b) and 2054. (2) Purposes of the FHSA, FFA, PPPA and RSA. The Commission will also review information concerning products subject to the transferred acts it administers and to the Commission's specific functions under those acts to determine whether disclosure of information would be reasonably related to effectuating the purposes of those acts. (3) Purposes of the FOIA. FOIA requests will be reviewed to determine whether disclosure of the information is reasonably related to effectuating one or more of the purposes of the acts administered by the Commission. In the event of a close question on this issue, the Commission will defer to the purposes of the FOIA. The FOIA establishes a general right of the public to have access to information in the Commission's possession, particularly information that reveals whether the Commission is meeting its statutory responsibilities or information upon which the Commission bases a decision that affects the public health and safety. (b) In reviewing proposed information disclosures, the Commission will consider disclosing the material on the basis of whether release of the information, when taken as a whole, was prepared or is maintained in the course of or to support an activity of the Commission designed to accomplish one or more of the statutory purposes. Subpart E_Statutory Exceptions of Section 6(b)(4) Sec. 1101.41 Generally. (a) Scope. This subpart describes and interprets the exceptions to the requirements of section 6(b)(1)-(b)(3) that are set forth in section 6(b)(4). These exceptions apply to: (1) Information about a product reasonably related to the subject matter of an imminent hazard action in federal court; (2) Information about a product which the Commission has reasonable cause to believe is in violation of any consumer product safety rule or provision under the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2051, et seq.) or similar rule or provision of any other act enforced by the Commission; (3) Information in the course of or concerning a rulemaking proceeding; or (4) information in the course of or concerning an adjudicatory, administrative or judicial proceeding. (b) Application to transferred act. The Commission will apply the exceptions contained in section 6(b)(4) to those provisions in the transferred acts, comparable to the specific provisions in the CPSA to which section 6(b)(4) applies. [48 FR 57430, Dec. 29, 1983, as amended at 73 FR 72335, Nov. 28, 2008] [[Page 162]] Sec. 1101.42 Imminent hazard exception. (a) Statutory provision. Section 6(b)(4)(A) provides that the requirements of section 6(b)(1) do not apply to public disclosure of ``information about any consumer product with respect to which product the Commission has filed an action under section 12 (relating to imminently hazardous products).'' (b) Scope of exception. This exception applies once the Commission has filed an action under section 12 of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2061), in a United States district court. Once the exception applies, information may be disclosed to the public while the proceeding is pending without following the requirements of section 6(b)(1) if the information concerns or relates to the product alleged to be imminently hazardous. Upon termination of the proceeding, information filed with the court or otherwise made public is not subject to section 6(b). Information in the Commission's possession which has not been made public is subject to section 6(b). Sec. 1101.43 Section 6(b)(4)(A) exception. (a) Statutory provision. Section (6)(b)(4)(A) provides that the requirements of section 6(b)(1) do not apply to public disclosure of information about any consumer product which the Commission has reasonable cause to believe is in violation of any consumer product safety rule or provision under the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2051 et seq.) or similar rule or provision of any other act enforced by the Commission. (b) Scope of exception. This exception applies once the Commission has ``reasonable cause to believe'' there has occurred a violation of any consumer product safety rule or provision under the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2051 et seq.) or similar rule or provision of any other act enforced by the Commission. Once the exception applies, the Commission may disclose information to the public without following the requirements of section 6(b)(1) if the information concerning the product is reasonably related to the violation. [73 FR 72335, Nov. 28, 2008] Sec. 1101.44 Rulemaking proceeding exception. (a) Statutory provision. Section 6(b)(4)(B) provides that the requirements of section 6(b)(1) do not apply to public disclosure of information ``in the course of or concerning a rulemaking proceeding (which shall commence upon the publication of an advance notice of proposed rulemaking or a notice of proposed rulemaking) * * * under this Act.'' (b) Scope of exception. This exception applies upon publication in the Federal Register of an advance notice of proposed rulemaking or, if no advance notice of proposed rulemaking is issued, upon publication in the Federal Register of a notice of proposed rulemaking, under any of the acts the Commission administers. Once the exception applies, the Commission may publicly disclose information in the course of the rulemaking proceeding which is presented during the proceeding or which is contained or referenced in the public record of the proceeding and or which concerns the proceeding without following the requirements of section 6(b)(1). Documentation supporting the public record is also excepted from section 6(b). A rulemaking proceeding includes a proceeding either to issue, to amend, or to revoke a rule. (c) The phrase ``in the course of'' refers to information disclosed as part of the proceeding and may, therefore, include information generated before the proceeding began and later presented as part of the proceeding. A rulemaking proceeding ends once the Commission has published the final rule or a notice of termination of the rulemaking in the Federal Register. (d) The phrase ``concerning'' refers to information about the proceeding itself both after the proceeding has begun and indefinitely thereafter. Therefore, the Commission may publicly disclose information that describes the substance, process and outcome of the proceeding. By issuing opinions and public statements, the Commissioners, and the presiding official, who act as decisionmakers, may also publicly explain their individual votes and any decision rendered. [[Page 163]] Sec. 1101.45 Adjudicatory proceeding exception. (a) Statutory provision. Section 6(b)(4)(B) provides that the requirements of section 6(b)(1) do not apply to public disclosure of ``information in the course of or concerning * * * [an] adjudicatory proceeding * * * under this Act.'' (b) Scope of exception. This exception applies once the Commission begins an administrative adjudication under the CPSA. The Commission will also apply the exception to any administrative adjudicatory proceeding under FHSA, FAA, or PPPA. An adjudicatory proceeding begins with the filing of a complaint under section 15(c) or (d), 17(a)(1) or (3), or 20 of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2064(c) or (d), 2066(a)(1), or (3), or 2069); section 15 of the FHSA (15 U.S.C. 1274); section 5(b) of the FFA, (15 U.S.C. 1194(b)); or section 4(c) of the PPPA (15 U.S.C. 1473(c)). An adjudicatory proceeding ends when the Commission issues a final order, 16 CFR 1025.51-1025.58. (c) The phrase ``in the course of'' refers to information disclosed as part of the adjudication, whether in documents filed or exchanged during discovery, or in testimony given in such proceedings, and may therefore, include information generated before the adjudication began. (d) The phrase ``concerning'' refers to information about the administrative adjudication itself, both once it begins and indefinitely thereafter. Therefore, the Commission may publicly disclose information that describes the substance, process and outcome of the proceeding including, for example, the effectiveness of any corrective action such as information on the number of products corrected as a result of a remedial action. By issuing opinions and public statements, the Commissioners and the presiding official, who act as decisionmakers, may publicly explain their individual votes and any decision rendered. [48 FR 57430, Dec. 29, 1983, as amended at 49 FR 8428, Mar. 7, 1984] Sec. 1101.46 Other administrative or judicial proceeding exception. (a) Statutory provision. Section 6(b)(4)(B) provides that the requirements of section 6(b)(1) do not apply to public disclosure of ``information in the course of or concerning any * * * other administrative or judicial proceeding under this Act.'' (b) Scope of exception. This exception applies to an administrative or judicial proceeding, other than a rulemaking or administrative adjudicatory proceeding, under the CPSA, FHSA, FFA, or PPPA. Proceedings within this exception include: (1) A proceeding to act on a petition to start a rulemaking proceeding. This proceeding begins with the filing of a petition and ends when the petition is denied or, if granted, when the rulemaking proceeding begins. Information subject to the exception for petition proceedings is the petition itself and the supporting documentation, and information subsequently compiled by the staff and incorporated or referenced in the staff briefing papers for and recommendation to the Commission. (2) A proceeding to act on a request for exemption from a rule or regulation. This proceeding begins with the filing of a request for exemption and ends when the request is denied or, if granted, when the Commission takes the first step to implement the exemption, e.g., when an amendment to the rule or regulation is proposed. (3) A proceeding to issue a subpoena or general or special order. This proceeding begins with a staff request to the Commission to issue a subpoena or general or special order and ends once the request is granted or denied. (4) A proceeding to act on a motion to quash or to limit a subpoena or general or special order. This proceeding begins with the filing with the Commission of a motion to quash or to limit and ends when the motion is granted or denied. (5) Any judicial proceeding to which the Commission is a party. This proceeding begins when a complaint is filed and ends when a final decision (including appeal) is rendered with respect to the Commission. (6) Any administrative proceeding to which the Commission is a party, such as an administrative proceeding before the Merit Systems Protection Board or the Federal Labor Relations Authority. [[Page 164]] This proceeding begins and ends in accordance with the applicable regulations or procedures of the administrative body before which the proceeding is heard. (7) A proceeding to obtain a retraction from the Commission pursuant to subpart F of these rules. This proceeding begins with the filing with the Secretary of the Commission of a request for retraction and ends when the request is denied or, if granted, when the information is retracted. (c) In the course of or concerning. The phrase ``in the course of or concerning'' shall have the same meaning as set forth in either Sec. 1101.44 (c) and (d) or Sec. 1101.45 (c) and (d), whichever is applicable. Subpart F_Retraction Sec. 1101.51 Commission interpretation. (a) Statutory provisions. Section 6(b)(7) of the CPSA provides: If the Commission finds that, in the administration of this Act, it has made public disclosure of inaccurate or misleading information which reflects adversely upon the safety of any consumer product or class of consumer products, or the practices of any manufacturer, private labeler, distributor, or retailer of consumer products, it shall, in a manner equivalent to that in which such disclosure was made, take reasonable steps to publish a retraction of such inaccurate or misleading information. (b) Scope. Section 6(b)(7) applies to inaccurate or misleading information only if it is adverse--i.e., if it reflects adversely either on the safety of a consumer product or on the practices of a manufacturer, private labeler, distributor or retailer. In addition, the Commission will apply section 6(b)(7) to information about products, and about manufacturers and private labelers of products, the Commission may regulate under any of the statutes it administers. Section 6(b)(7) applies to information already disclosed by the Commission, members of the Commission, or the Commission employees, agents, contractors or representatives in their official capacities. Sec. 1101.52 Procedure for retraction. (a) Initiative. The Commission may retract information under section 6(b)(7) on the initiative of the Commission, upon the request of a manufacturer, private labeler, distributor, or retailer of a consumer product, or upon the request of any other person in accordance with the procedures provided in this section. (b) Request for retraction. Any manufacturer, private labeler, distributor or retailer of a consumer product or any other person may request a retraction if he/she believes the Commission or an individual member, employee, agent, contractor or representative of the Commission has made public disclosure of inaccurate or misleading information, which reflects adversely either on the safety of a product with which the firm deals or on the practices of the firm. The request must be in writing and addressed to the Secretary, CPSC. Washington, D.C. 20207. (c) Content of request. A request for retraction must include the following information to the extent it is reasonably available: (1) The information disclosed for which retraction is requested, the date on which the information was disclosed, the manner in which it was disclosed, who disclosed it, the type of document (e.g., letter, memorandum, news release) and any other relevant information the firm has to assist the Commission in identifying the information. A photocopy of the disclosure should accompany the request. (2) A statement of the specific aspects of the information the firm believes are inaccurate or misleading and reflect adversely either on the safety of a consumer product with which the firm deals or on the firm's practices. (3) A statement of the reasons the firm believes the information is inaccurate or misleading and reflects adversely either on the safety of a consumer product with which the firm deals or on the firm's practices. (4) A statement of the action the firm requests the Commission to take in publishing a retraction in a manner equivalent to that in which disclosure was made. (5) Any additional data or information the firm believes is relevant. [[Page 165]] (d) Commission action on request. The Commission will act expeditiously on any request for retraction within 30 working days unless the Commission determines, for good cause, that a longer time period is appropriate. If the Commission finds that the Commission or any individual member, employee, agent contractor or representative of the Commission has made public disclosure of inaccurate or misleading information that reflects adversely either on the safety of the firm's product or the practices of the firm, the Commission will publish a retraction of information in a manner equivalent to that in which the disclosure was made. If the Commission finds that fuller disclosure is necessary, it will publish a retraction in the manner it determines appropriate under the circumstances. (e) Notification to requester. The Commission will promptly notify the requester in writing of its decision on request for retraction. Notification shall set forth the reasons for the Commission's decision. Subpart G_Information Submitted Pursuant to Section 15(b) of the CPSA Sec. 1101.61 Generally. (a) Generally. In addition to the requirements of section 6(b)(1), section 6(b)(5) of the CPSA imposes further limitations on the disclosure of information submitted to the Commission pursuant to section 15(b) of the CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2064(b). (b) Criteria for disclosure. Under section 6(b)(5) the Commission shall not disclose to the public information which is identified as being submitted pursuant to section 15(b) or which is treated by the Commission staff as being submitted pursuant to section 15(b). Section 6(b)(5) also applies to information voluntarily submitted after a firm's initial report to assist the Commission in its evaluation of the section 15 report. However, the Commission may disclose information submitted pursuant to section 15(b) in accordance with section 6(b)(1)-(3) if: (1) The Commission has issued a complaint under section 15 (c) or (d) of the CPSA alleging that such product presents a substantial product hazard; or (2) In lieu of proceeding against such product under section 15 (c) or (d), the Commission has accepted in writing a remedial settlement agreement dealing with such product; or (3) The person who submitted the information under section 15(b) agrees to its public disclosure. (4) The Commission publishes a finding that the public health and safety requires public disclosure with a lesser period of notice than is required by section 6(b)(1). [48 FR 57430, Dec. 29, 1983, as amended at 73 FR 72335, Nov. 28, 2008] Sec. 1101.62 Statutory exceptions to section 6(b)(5) requirements. (a) Scope. The limitations established by section 6(b)(5) do not apply to the public disclosure of: (1) Information with respect to a consumer product which is the subject of an action brought under section 12 (see Sec. 1101.42); (2) Information with respect to a consumer product which the Commission has reasonable cause to believe is in violation of any consumer product safety rule or provision under the Consumer Product Safety Act (Pub. L. 92-573, 86 Stat. 1207, as amended (15 U.S.C. 2051, et seq.)) or similar rule or provision of any other act enforced by the Commission; or (3) Information in the course of or concerning a judicial proceeding (see Sec. 1101.45). [48 FR 57430, Dec. 29, 1983, as amended at 73 FR 72335, Nov. 28, 2008] Sec. 1101.63 Information submitted pursuant to section 15(b) of the CPSA. (a) Section 6(b)(5) applies only to information provided to the Commission by a manufacturer, distributor, or retailer which is identified by the manufacturer, distributor or retailer, or treated by the Commission staff as being submitted pursuant to section 15(b). (b) Section 6(b)(5)'s limitation also applies to the portions of staff generated documents that contain, summarize or analyze such information submitted pursuant to section 15(b). [[Page 166]] (c) Section 6(b)(5) does not apply to information independently obtained or prepared by the Commission staff. Subpart H_Delegation of Authority to Information Group Sec. 1101.71 Delegation of authority. (a) Delegation. Pursuant to section 27(b)(9) of the CPSA 15 U.S.C. 2076(b)(9) the Commission delegates to the General Counsel or his or her senior staff designees, the authority to render all decisions under this part concerning the release of information subject to section 6(b) when firms have furnished section 6(b) comment except as provided in paragraph (b). The Commission also delegates to the Secretary of the Commission, or his or her senior staff designee, authority to make all decisions under this part concerning the release of information under section 6(b) when firms have failed to furnish section 6(b) comment or have consented to disclosure except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section. The General Counsel shall have authority to establish an Information Group composed of the General Counsel and the Secretary of the Commission or their designees who shall be senior staff members. (b) Findings not deleted. The Commission does not delegate its authority-- (1) To find, pursuant to section 6(b)(1) and Sec. 1101.23(b) of this part, that the public health and safety requires less than 15 days advance notice of proposed disclosures of information. (2) To find, pursuant to section 6(b)(2) and Sec. 1101.25(b) of this part, that the public health and safety requires less than five (5) days advance notice of its intent to disclose information claimed to be inaccurate; (3) To decide whether it should take reasonable steps to publish a retraction of information in accordance with section 6(b)(7) and Sec. 1101.52 of this part. (c) Final agency action; Commission decision. A decision of the General Counsel or the Secretary or their designees shall be a final agency decision and shall not be appealable as of right to the Commission. However, the General Counsel or the Secretary may in his or her discretion refer an issue to the Commission for decision. [48 FR 57430, Dec. 29, 1983, as amended at 73 FR 72335, Nov. 28, 2008] PART 1102_PUBLICLY AVAILABLE CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY INFORMATION DATABASE-- Table of Contents Subpart A_Background and Definitions Sec. 1102.2 Purpose. 1102.4 Scope. 1102.6 Definitions. Subpart B_Content Requirements 1102.10 Reports of harm. 1102.12 Manufacturer comments. 1102.14 Recall notices. 1102.16 Additional information. Subpart C_Procedural Requirements 1102.20 Transmission of reports of harm to the identified manufacturer or private labeler. 1102.24 Designation of confidential information. 1102.26 Determination of materially inaccurate information. 1102.28 Publication of reports of harm. 1102.30 Publication of manufacturer comments. Subpart D_Notice and Disclosure Requirements 1102.42 Disclaimers. 1102.44 Applicability of sections 6(a) and (b) of the CPSA. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2051, 2051 note, 2052, 2055, 2055a, 2065, 2068, 2070, 2071, 2072, 2076, 2078, 2080, 2087. Source: 75 FR 76867, Dec. 9, 2010, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_Background and Definitions Sec. 1102.2 Purpose. This part sets forth the Commission's interpretation, policy, and procedures with regard to the establishment and maintenance of a Publicly Available Consumer Product Safety Information Database (also referred to as the ``Database'') on the safety of consumer products and other products or substances regulated by the Commission. [[Page 167]] Sec. 1102.4 Scope. This part applies to the content, procedure, notice, and disclosure requirements of the Publicly Available Consumer Product Safety Information Database, including all information published therein. Sec. 1102.6 Definitions. (a) Except as specified in paragraph (b) of this section, the definitions in section 3 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) (15 U.S.C. 2052) apply to this part. (b) For purposes of this part, the following definitions apply: (1) Additional information means any information that the Commission determines is in the public interest to include in the Publicly Available Consumer Product Safety Information Database. (2) Commission or CPSC means the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (3) Consumer product means a consumer product as defined in section 3(a)(5) of the CPSA, and also includes any other products or substances regulated by the Commission under any other act it administers. (4) Harm means injury, illness, or death; or risk of injury, illness, or death, as determined by the Commission. (5) Mandatory recall notice means any notice to the public required of a firm pursuant to an order issued by the Commission under section 15(c) of the CPSA. (6) Manufacturer comment means a comment made by a manufacturer or private labeler of a consumer product in response to a report of harm transmitted to such manufacturer or private labeler. (7) Publicly Available Consumer Product Safety Information Database, also referred to as the Database, means the database on the safety of consumer products established and maintained by the CPSC as described in section 6A of the CPSA. (8) Report of harm means any information submitted to the Commission through the manner described in Sec. 1102.10(b), regarding any injury, illness, or death; or any risk of injury, illness, or death, as determined by the Commission, relating to the use of a consumer product. (9) Submitter of a report of harm means any person or entity that submits a report of harm. (10) Voluntary recall notice means any notice to the public by the Commission relating to a voluntary corrective action, including a voluntary recall of a consumer product, taken by a manufacturer in consultation with the Commission. Subpart B_Content Requirements Sec. 1102.10 Reports of harm. (a) Who may submit. The following persons or entities may submit reports of harm: (1) Consumers including, but not limited to, users of consumer products, family members, relatives, parents, guardians, friends, attorneys, investigators, professional engineers, agents of a user of a consumer product, and observers of the consumer products being used; (2) Local, state, or federal government agencies including, but not limited to, local government agencies, school systems, social services, child protective services, state attorneys general, state agencies, and all executive and independent federal agencies as defined in Title 5 of the United States Code; (3) Health care professionals including, but not limited to, medical examiners, coroners, physicians, nurses, physician's assistants, hospitals, chiropractors, and acupuncturists; (4) Child service providers including, but not limited to, child care centers, child care providers, and prekindergarten schools; and (5) Public safety entities including, but not limited to, police, fire, ambulance, emergency medical services, federal, state, and local law enforcement entities, and other public safety officials and professionals, including consumer advocates or individuals who work for nongovernmental organizations, consumer advocacy organizations, and trade associations, so long as they have a public safety purpose. (b) Manner of submission. To be entered into the Database, reports of harm must be submitted to the CPSC using one of the following methods: [[Page 168]] (1) Internet submissions through the CPSC's Internet Web site on an electronic incident report form specifically developed to collect such information. (2) Telephonic submissions through a CPSC call center, where the information is entered on the electronic incident form. (3) Electronic mail directed to the Office of the Secretary at [email protected], or by facsimile at 301-504-0127, provided that the submitter completes the incident report form available for download on the CPSC's Internet Web site specifically developed to collect such information. (4) Written submissions to the Office of the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814- 4408. The Commission will accept only those written reports of harm that use the incident report form developed for the CPSC's Internet Web site; or (5) Other means the Commission subsequently makes available. (c) Size limit of reports of harm. The Commission may, in its discretion, limit the data size of reports of harm, which may include attachments submitted, where such reports of harm and attachments may negatively impact the technological or operational performance of the system. (d) Minimum requirements for publication. Subject to Sec. Sec. 1102.24 and 1102.26, the Commission will publish in the Publicly Available Consumer Product Safety Information Database reports of harm containing all of the following information: (1) Description of the consumer product. The description of the consumer product must, at a minimum, include a word or phrase sufficient to distinguish the product as a consumer product, a component part of a consumer product, or a product or substance regulated by the Commission. In addition to a word or phrase sufficient to distinguish the product as a consumer product, a description of a consumer product may include, but is not limited to, the name, including the brand name of the consumer product, model, serial number, date of manufacture (if known) or date code, date of purchase, price paid, retailer, or any other descriptive information about the product. (2) Identity of the manufacturer or private labeler. The name of one or more manufacturers or private labelers of the consumer product. In addition to a firm name, identification of a manufacturer or private labeler may include, but is not limited to, a mailing address, phone number, or electronic mail address. (3) Description of the harm. A brief narrative description of illness, injury, or death; or risk of illness, injury, or death related to use of the consumer product. Examples of a description of harm or risk of harm include, but are not limited to: Death, asphyxiation, lacerations, burns, abrasions, contusions, fractures, choking, poisoning, suffocation, amputation, or any other narrative description relating to a bodily harm or risk of bodily harm. Incident reports that relate solely to the cost or quality of a consumer product, with no discernable bodily harm or risk of bodily harm, do not constitute ``harm'' for purposes of this part. A description of harm may, but need not, include the severity of any injury and whether any medical treatment was received. (4) Incident date. The date, or an approximate date, on which the incident occurred. (5) Category of submitter. Indication of which category the submitter is in (i.e., consumers, government agencies, etc.) from Sec. 1102.10(a). (6) Contact information. The submitter's first name, last name, and complete mailing address. Although this information will not be published in the Database, it is required information for the report of harm. Submitters also may, but are not required to, provide an electronic mail address and a phone number to allow for efficient and timely contact regarding a report of harm, when necessary. (7) Verification. A submitter of a report of harm must affirmatively verify that he or she has reviewed the report of harm, and that the information contained therein is true and accurate to the best of the submitter's knowledge, information, and belief. Verification procedures for each method of submission will be specified. (8) Consent. A submitter of a report of harm must consent to publication of [[Page 169]] the report of harm in the Database if he or she wants the information to be included in the Database. (e) Additional information requested on report of harm. The minimum requirements (at Sec. 1102.10(d)) for publication of a report of harm in the Database do not restrict the Commission from choosing to seek other categories of voluntary information in the future. (f) Information not published. The Commission will exclude the following information provided on a report of harm from publication in the Database: (1) Name and contact information of the submitter of a report of harm; (2) Victim's name and contact information, if the victim or the victim's parent, guardian, or appropriate legally authorized representative, has not provided appropriate legal consent; (3) Photographs that in the determination of the Commission are not in the public interest, including photographs that could be used to identify a person or photographs that would constitute an invasion of personal privacy based on the Privacy Act of 1974, Public Law 93-579 as amended; (4) Medical records without the consent of the person about whom such records pertain or without the consent of his or her parent, guardian, or appropriate legally authorized representative; (5) Confidential information as set forth in Sec. 1102.24; (6) Information determined to be materially inaccurate as set forth in Sec. 1102.26; (7) Reports of harm retracted at any time by the submitters of those reports, if they indicate in writing to the Commission that they supplied materially inaccurate information; (8) Consents and verifications associated with a report of harm; and (9) Any other information submitted on or with a report of harm, the inclusion of which in the Database, the Commission determines is not in the public interest. The Commission shall consider whether the information is related to a product safety purpose served by the Database, including whether or not the information helps Database users to: (i) Identify a consumer product; (ii) Identify a manufacturer or private labeler of a consumer product; (iii) Understand a harm or risk of harm related to the use of a consumer product; or (iv) Understand the relationship between a submitter of a report of harm and the victim. (g) Reports of harm from persons under the age of 18. The Commission will not accept any report of harm when the report of harm is or was submitted by anyone under the age of 18 without consent of the parent or guardian of that person. (h) Incomplete reports of harm. Any information received by the Commission related to a report of harm that does not meet the requirements for submission or publication will not be published, but will be maintained for internal use. (i) Official records of the Commission. All reports of harm that are submitted to the Commission become official records of the Commission in accordance with 16 CFR 1015.1. Alteration (or disposition) of any such records will only be in accordance with the procedures specified in this part. Sec. 1102.12 Manufacturer comments. (a) Who may submit. A manufacturer or private labeler may submit a comment related to a report of harm if the report of harm identifies such manufacturer or private labeler. (b) How to submit. A manufacturer or private labeler may submit comments to the CPSC using one of the following methods: (1) A manufacturer or private labeler who registers with the Commission as described in Sec. 1102.20(f) may submit comments through a manufacturer portal maintained on the CPSC's Internet Web site; (2) A manufacturer or private labeler may submit comments by electronic mail, directed to the Office of the Secretary at [email protected]; or (3) A manufacturer or private labeler may submit written comments directed to the Office of the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814-4408. (c) What must be submitted. Subject to Sec. Sec. 1102.24 and 1102.26, the Commission [[Page 170]] will publish manufacturer comments related to a report of harm transmitted to a manufacturer or private labeler in the Database if such manufacturer comment meets the following requirements: (1) Manufacturer comment relates to report of harm. The manufacturer or private labeler's comment must relate to information contained in a specific report of harm that identifies such manufacturer or private labeler and that is submitted for publication in the Database. (2) Unique identifier. A manufacturer comment must state the unique identifier provided by the CPSC. (3) Verification. A manufacturer or private labeler must verify that it has reviewed the report of harm and the comment related to the report of harm and that the information contained in the comment is true and accurate to the best of the firm's knowledge, information, and belief. (4) Request for publication. When a manufacturer or private labeler submits a comment regarding a report of harm, it may request that the Commission publish such comment in the Database. A manufacturer or private labeler must affirmatively request publication of the comment, and consent to such publication in the Database, for each comment submitted to the CPSC. (d) Information published. Subject to Sec. Sec. 1102.24 and 1102.26, the Commission will publish a manufacturer comment and the date of its submission to the CPSC in the Database if the comment meets the minimum requirements for publication as described in paragraph (c) of this section. (e) Information not published. The Commission will not publish in the Database consents and verifications associated with a manufacturer comment. Sec. 1102.14 Recall notices. All information presented in a voluntary or mandatory recall notice that has been made available to the public shall be accessible and searchable in the Database. Sec. 1102.16 Additional information. In addition to reports of harm, manufacturer comments, and recall notices, the CPSC shall include in the Database any additional information it determines to be in the public interest, consistent with the requirements of section 6(a) and (b) of the CPSA. Subpart C_Procedural Requirements Sec. 1102.20 Transmission of reports of harm to the identified manufacturer or private labeler. (a) Information transmitted. Except as provided in paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(3) of this section, the Commission will transmit all information provided in a report of harm, provided such report meets the minimum requirements for publication in the Database, to the manufacturer or private labeler identified in a report of harm. The following information will not be transmitted to a manufacturer or private labeler: (1) Name and contact information for the submitter of the report of harm, unless such submitter provides express written consent (for example, by checking a box on the report of harm) to provide such information to the manufacturer or private labeler; (2) Photographs that could be used to identify a person; and (3) Medical records, unless the person about whom such records pertain, or his or her parent, guardian, or appropriate legally authorized representative, consents to providing such records to the manufacturer or private labeler. (b) Limitation on use of contact information. A manufacturer or private labeler who receives name and contact information for the submitter of a report of harm and/or a victim must not use or disseminate such information to any other party for any other purpose other than verification of information contained in a report of harm. Verification of information contained in a report of harm must not include activities such as sales, promotion, marketing, warranty, or any other commercial purpose. Verification of information contained in a report of harm may include verification of the: [[Page 171]] (1) Identity of the submitter and/or the victim, including name, location, age, and gender; (2) Consumer product, including serial or model number, date code, color, or size; (3) Harm or risk of harm related to the use of the consumer product; (4) Description of the incident related to use of the consumer product; (5) Date or approximate date of the incident; and/or (6) Category of submitter. (c) Timing. To the extent practicable, the Commission will transmit a report of harm to the manufacturer or private labeler within five business days of submission of the completed report of harm. If the Commission cannot determine whom the manufacturer or private labeler is from the report of harm, or otherwise, then it will not post the report of harm on the Database but will maintain the report for internal agency use. Examples of circumstances that may arise that may make transmission of the report of harm impracticable within five business days include, but are not limited to: (1) The manufacturer or private labeler is out of business with no identifiable successor; (2) The submitter misidentified a manufacturer or private labeler; (3) The report of harm contained inaccurate or insufficient contact information for a manufacturer or private labeler; or (4) The Commission cannot locate valid contact information for a manufacturer or private labeler. (d) Method of transmission. The Commission will use the method of transmission and contact information provided by the manufacturer or private labeler. The Commission will transmit reports of harm to a manufacturer or private labeler who has registered with the Commission as described in paragraph (f) of this section. If a manufacturer or private labeler has not registered with the Commission, the Commission will send reports of harm through the United States mail to the firm's principal place of business, unless the Commission selects another equally effective method of transmission. (e) Size limits of manufacturer comments. The Commission may, in its discretion, limit the data size of comments, which may include attachments submitted, where such comments and attachments may negatively impact the technological or operational performance of the system. (f) Manufacturer registration. Manufacturers and private labelers may register with the Commission to select a preferred method for receiving reports of harm that identify such firm as the manufacturer or private labeler. Manufacturers and private labelers that choose to register with the Commission must: (1) Register with the Commission through a process identified for such registration; (2) Provide and maintain updated contact information for the firm, including the name of the firm, title of a person to whom reports of harm should be directed, complete mailing address, telephone number, electronic mail address, and Web site address (if any); and (3) Select a specified method to receive reports of harm that identify the firm as the manufacturer or private labeler of a consumer product. (g) Manufacturer comments. A manufacturer or private labeler who receives a report of harm from the CPSC may comment on the information contained in such report of harm. The Commission, in its discretion, where it determines it is in the public interest, may choose not to publish a manufacturer comment in the Database. For example, it may not be in the public interest for the Commission to publish comments that, in the unlikely event, contain language reasonably described as lewd, lascivious, or obscene. Sec. 1102.24 Designation of confidential information. (a) For purposes of this section, ``confidential information'' is considered to be information that contains or relates to a trade secret or other matter referred to in 18 U.S.C. 1905 or that is subject to 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4). (b) A manufacturer or private labeler identified in a report of harm and who receives a report of harm from the CPSC may review such report of harm [[Page 172]] for confidential information and request that portions of the report of harm be designated as confidential information. Each requester seeking such a designation of confidential information bears the burden of proof and must: (1) Specifically identify the exact portion(s) of the report of harm claimed to be confidential; (2) State whether the information claimed to be confidential has ever been released in any manner to a person who was not an employee or in a confidential relationship with the company; (3) State whether the information so specified is commonly known within the industry or is readily ascertainable by outside persons with a minimum of time and effort; (4) If known, state the company's relationship with the victim and/ or submitter of the report of harm and how the victim and/or submitter of the report of harm came to be in possession of such allegedly confidential information; (5) State how the release of the information would be likely to cause substantial harm to the company's competitive position; and (6) State whether the person submitting the request for treatment as confidential information is authorized to make claims of confidentiality on behalf of the person or organization concerned. (c) Manner of submission. Requests for designation of confidential information may be submitted in the same manner as manufacturer comments as described in Sec. 1102.12(b). A request for designation of confidential treatment must be conspicuously marked. (d) Timing of submission. In order to ensure that the allegedly confidential information is not placed in the database, a request for designation of confidential information must be received by the Commission in a timely manner prior to the 10th business day after the date on which the Commission transmits the report to the manufacturer or private labeler. If a request for confidential treatment is submitted in a timely fashion, the Commission will either make a determination on the claim prior to posting on the 10th business day after transmittal to the manufacturer or, as a matter of policy, redact the allegedly confidential information from a report of harm before publication in the Database until it makes a determination regarding confidential treatment. (e) Assistance with defense. No request to redact confidential information from a report of harm pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4) should be made by any person who does not intend in good faith, and so certifies in writing, to assist the Commission in the defense of any judicial proceeding that thereafter might be brought to compel the disclosure of information that the Commission has determined to be a trade secret or privileged or confidential commercial or financial information. (f) Commission determination of confidentiality. If the Commission determines that information in a report of harm is confidential, the Commission shall: (1) Notify the manufacturer or private labeler; (2) Redact such confidential information in the report of harm; and (3) Publish the report of harm in the Database without such confidential information. (g) Commission determination of no confidentiality. If the Commission determines that a report of harm does not contain confidential information, the Commission shall: (1) Notify the manufacturer or private labeler; and (2) Publish the report of harm, if not already published, in the Database. (h) Removal of confidential information. As stated at 6A(c)(1)(C)(iii) of the CPSA, to seek removal of alleged confidential information that has been published in the Database, a manufacturer or private labeler may bring an action in the district court of the United States in the district in which the complainant resides, or has its principal place of business, or in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia. Sec. 1102.26 Determination of materially inaccurate information. (a) For purposes of this section, the following definitions apply: [[Page 173]] (1) Materially inaccurate information in a report of harm means information that is false or misleading, and which is so substantial and important as to affect a reasonable consumer's decision making about the product, including: (i) The identification of a consumer product; (ii) The identification of a manufacturer or private labeler; (iii) The harm or risk of harm related to use of the consumer product; or (iv) The date, or approximate date on which the incident occurred. (2) Materially inaccurate information in a manufacturer comment means information that is false or misleading, and which is so substantial and important as to affect a reasonable consumer's decision making about the product, including: (i) The description of the consumer product; (ii) The identity of the firm or firms responsible for the importation, manufacture, distribution, sale, or holding for sale of a consumer product; (iii) The harm or risk of harm related to the use of a consumer product; (iv) The status of a Commission, manufacturer, or private labeler investigation; (v) Whether the manufacturer or private labeler is engaging in a corrective action and whether such action has not been approved by the Commission; or (vi) Whether the manufacturer has taken, or promised to take, any other action with regard to the product. (b) Request for determination of materially inaccurate information. Any person or entity reviewing a report of harm or manufacturer comment, either before or after publication in the Database, may request that the report of harm or manufacturer comment, or portions of such report of harm or manufacturer comment, be excluded from the Database or corrected by the Commission because it contains materially inaccurate information. Each requester seeking an exclusion or correction bears the burden of proof and must: (1) State the unique identifier of the report of harm or manufacturer comment to which the request for a determination of materially inaccurate information pertains; (2) Specifically identify the exact portion(s) of the report of harm or the manufacturer comment claimed to be materially inaccurate; (3) State the basis for the allegation that such information is materially inaccurate; (4) Provide evidence, which may include documents, statements, electronic mail, Internet links, photographs, or any other evidence, sufficient for the Commission to make a determination that the designated information is materially inaccurate; (5) State what relief the requester is seeking: Exclusion of the entire report of harm or manufacturer comment; redaction of specific information; correction of specific information; or the addition of information to correct the material inaccuracy; (6) State whether and how an alleged material inaccuracy may be corrected without removing or excluding an entire report of harm or manufacturer comment; and (7) State whether the person submitting the allegation of material inaccuracy is authorized to make claims of material inaccuracy on behalf of the person or organization concerned. (c) Manner of submission--(1) Length of request and expedited review. The Commission strongly recommends requesters seeking an expedited review of claims of materially inaccurate information to limit the length of the request described in Sec. 1102.26(b) to no more than five pages, including attachments, to allow for the expedited review of the request. Regardless of length, all submissions will be reviewed. (2) Manufacturers and private labelers. A manufacturer or private labeler may request a Commission determination of materially inaccurate information related to a report of harm in the same manner as described in Sec. 1102.12(b). Such requests should be conspicuously marked. (3) All other requests. All other requests for a Commission determination of materially inaccurate information contained in a report of harm or manufacturer comment made by any other person or firm must be submitted to the CPSC using one of the methods listed below. The request seeking a [[Page 174]] Commission determination of materially inaccurate information may be made through: (i) Electronic mail. By electronic mail directed to the Office of the Secretary at [email protected]; or (ii) Paper-based. Written submission directed to the Office of the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814-4408. (d) Timing of submission. A request for a Commission determination regarding materially inaccurate information may be submitted at any time. If a request for determination of materially inaccurate information is submitted prior to publication of a report of harm in the Database, the Commission cannot withhold the report of harm from publication in the Database until it makes a determination. Absent a determination, the Commission will publish reports of harm on the tenth business day after transmitting a report of harm to the manufacturer or private labeler. (e) Assistance with defense. No request for a determination of materially inaccurate information should be made by any person who does not intend in good faith, and so certifies in writing, to assist the Commission in the defense of any judicial proceeding that thereafter might be brought to compel the disclosure of information that the Commission has determined to be materially inaccurate information. (f) Notice. The Commission shall notify the person or firm requesting a determination regarding materially inaccurate information of its determination and method of resolution after resolving such request. (g) Commission determination of material inaccuracy before publication. If the Commission determines that information in a report of harm or manufacturer comment is materially inaccurate information before it is published in the Database, the Commission shall: (1) Decline to add the materially inaccurate information to the Database; (2) Correct the materially inaccurate information, and, if the minimum requirements for publication as set forth in Sec. Sec. 1102.10(d) and 1102.12(c) are met, publish the report of harm or manufacturer comment in the Database; or (3) Add information to the report of harm or the manufacturer comment to correct the materially inaccurate information, and, if the minimum requirements for publication as set forth in Sec. Sec. 1102.10(d) and 1102.12(c) are met, publish the report of harm or manufacturer comment in the Database. (h) Commission determination of material inaccuracy after publication. If the Commission determines, after an investigation, that the requested designated information in a report of harm or manufacturer comment contains materially inaccurate information after the report of harm or manufacturer comment has been published in the Database, the Commission shall, no later than seven business days after such determination: (1) Remove the information determined to be materially inaccurate from the Database, including any associated documents, photographs, or comments; (2) Correct the information, and, if the minimum requirements for publication as set forth in Sec. Sec. 1102.10(d) and 1102.12(c) are met, maintain the report of harm or manufacturer comment in the Database; or (3) Add information to the report of harm or the manufacturer comment to correct the materially inaccurate information, and, if the minimum requirements for publication as set forth in Sec. Sec. 1102.10(d) and 1102.12(c) are met, maintain the report of harm or manufacturer comment in the Database. (i) Commission discretion. (1) In exercising its discretion to remove, correct, or add information to correct materially inaccurate information contained in a report of harm or manufacturer comment, the Commission shall preserve the integrity of information received for publication in the Database whenever possible. Subject to Sec. Sec. 1102.10(d) and 1102.12(c), the Commission shall favor correction, and the addition of information to correct, over exclusion of entire reports of harm and manufacturer comments, where possible. (2) Expedited determinations. Where a manufacturer has filed a request for a [[Page 175]] correction or exclusion within the recommended page limit in Sec. 1102.26(c)(1), the Commission shall attempt, where practicable, to make an expedited determination of a claim of material inaccuracy. Given the requirement of section 6A of the CPSA that reports of harm be published, the Commission will publish reports of harm on the tenth business day after transmitting a report of harm, where the Commission has been unable to make a determination regarding a claim of material inaccuracy prior to the statutorily mandated publication date. In such instances, the Commission will make any necessary correction, exclusion, or addition not later than seven business days after making a determination that there is materially inaccurate information in the report of harm. Manufacturer comments will be published at the same time as the report of harm is published, or as soon thereafter as practicable. (j) Commission determination of no material inaccuracy. If the Commission determines that the requested information in a report of harm or manufacturer comment does not contain materially inaccurate information, the Commission will: (1) Notify the requester of its determination; and (2) Publish the report of harm or manufacturer comment, if not already published, in the Database if it meets the minimum requirements set forth in Sec. Sec. 1102.10(d) and 1102.12(c). (k) Commission action in absence of request. The Commission may review a report of harm or manufacturer comment for materially inaccurate information on its own initiative, following the same notice and procedural requirements set forth in paragraphs (g) through (j) of this section. Sec. 1102.28 Publication of reports of harm. (a) Timing. Subject to Sec. Sec. 1102.10, 1102.24, and 1102.26, the Commission will publish reports of harm that meet the requirements for publication in the Database. The Commission will publish reports of harm as soon as practicable, but not later than the tenth business day after such report of harm is transmitted to the manufacturer or private labeler by the CPSC. (b) Exceptions. The Commission may publish a report of harm that meets the requirements of Sec. 1102.10(d) in the Database beyond the 10-business-day time frame set forth in paragraph (a) of this section if the Commission determines that a report of harm misidentifies or fails to identify all manufacturers or private labelers. Such information must be corrected through the procedures set forth in Sec. 1102.26 for materially inaccurate information in a report of harm. Once a manufacturer or a private labeler has been identified correctly, the time frame set forth in paragraph (a) of this section shall apply. Sec. 1102.30 Publication of manufacturer comments. Timing. Subject to Sec. Sec. 1102.12, 1102.24, and 1102.26, the Commission will publish in the Database manufacturer comments submitted in response to a report of harm that meet the minimum requirements set forth in Sec. 1102.12(c). This publication will occur at the same time as the report of harm is published or as soon thereafter as practicable. An example of a circumstance that may make it impracticable to publish a manufacturer comment at the same time as a report of harm includes when the Commission did not receive the comment until on or after the publication date of the report of harm. Subpart D_Notice and Disclosure Requirements Sec. 1102.42 Disclaimers. The Commission does not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, or adequacy of the contents of the Consumer Product Safety Information Database, particularly with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or adequacy of information submitted by persons outside of the CPSC. The Database will contain a notice to this effect that will be prominently and conspicuously displayed on the Database and on any documents that are printed from the Database. [[Page 176]] Sec. 1102.44 Applicability of sections 6(a) and (b) of the CPSA. (a) Generally. Sections 6(a) and 6(b) of the CPSA shall not apply to the submission, disclosure, and publication of information provided in a report of harm that meets the minimum requirements for publication in Sec. 1102.10(d) in the Database. (b) Limitation on construction. Section 1102.44(a) shall not be construed to exempt from the requirements of sections 6(a) and 6(b) of the CPSA information received by the Commission pursuant to: (1) Section 15(b) of the CPSA; or (2) Any other mandatory or voluntary reporting program established between a retailer, manufacturer, or private labeler and the Commission. PART 1105_CONTRIBUTIONS TO COSTS OF PARTICIPANTS IN DEVELOPMENT OF CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY STANDARDS--Table of Contents Sec. 1105.1 Purpose. 1105.2 Factors. 1105.3 A more satisfactory standard. 1105.4 Eligibility. 1105.5 Applications. 1105.6 Criteria. 1105.7 Limits on compensation. 1105.8 Costs must be authorized and incurred. 1105.9 Itemized vouchers. 1105.10 Reasonable costs. 1105.11 Compensable costs. 1105.12 Advance contributions. 1105.13 Noncompensable costs. 1105.14 Audit and examination. Authority: Sec. 7(c), Pub. L. 97-35, 95 Stat. 704 (15 U.S.C. 2056(c)). Source: 48 FR 57121, Dec. 28, 1983, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1105.1 Purpose. The purpose of this part is to describe the factors the Commission considers when determining whether or not to contribute to the cost of an individual, a group of individuals, a public or private organization or association, partnership or corporation (hereinafter ``participant'') who participates with the Commission in developing standards. The provisions of this part do not apply to and do not affect the Commission's ability and authority to contract with persons or groups outside the Commission to aid the Commission in developing proposed standards. Sec. 1105.2 Factors. The Commission may agree to contribute to the cost of a participant who participates with the Commission in developing a standard in any case in which the Commission determines: (a) That a contribution is likely to result in a more satisfactory standard than would be developed without a contribution; and (b) That the participant to whom a contribution is made is financially responsible. Sec. 1105.3 A more satisfactory standard. In considering whether a contribution is likely to result in a more satisfactory standard, the Commission shall consider: (a) The need for representation of one or more particular interests, expertise, or points of view in the development proceeding; and (b) The extent to which particular interests, points of view, or expertise can reasonably be expected to be represented if the Commission does not provide any financial contribution. Sec. 1105.4 Eligibility. In order to be eligible to receive a financial contribution, a participant must request in advance a specific contribution with an explanation as to why the contribution is likely to result in a more satisfactory standard than would be developed without a contribution. The request for a contribution shall contain, to the fullest extent possible and appropriate, the following information: (a) A description of the point of view, interest and/or expertise that the participant intends to bring to the proceeding; (b) The reason(s) that representation of the participant's interest, point of view, or expertise can reasonably be expected to contribute substantially to a full and fair determination of the issues involved in the proceeding; (c) An explanation of the economic interest, if any, that the participant has (and individuals or groups comprising the participant have) in any [[Page 177]] Commission determination related to the proceeding; (d) A discussion, with supporting documentation, of the reason(s) a participant is unable to participate effectively in the proceeding without a financial contribution; (e) A description of the participant's employment or organization, as appropriate; and (f) A specific and itemized estimate of the costs for which the contribution is sought. Sec. 1105.5 Applications. Applications must be submitted to the Office of the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, D.C. 20207, within the time specified by the Commission in its Federal Register notice beginning the development proceeding. Sec. 1105.6 Criteria. The Commission may authorize a financial contribution only for participants who meet all of the following criteria: (a) The participant represents particular interest, expertise or point of view that can reasonably be expected to contribute substantially to a full and fair determination of the issues involved in the proceeding; (b) The economic interest of the participant in any Commission determination related to the proceeding is small in comparison to the participant's costs of effective participation in the proceeding. If the participant consists of more than one individual or group, the economic interest of each of the individuals or groups comprising the participant shall also be considered, if practicable and appropriate; and (c) The participant does not have sufficient financial resources available for effective participation in the proceeding, in the absence of a financial contribution. Sec. 1105.7 Limits on compensation. The Commission may establish a limit on the total amount of financial compensation to be made to all participants in a particular proceeding and may establish a limit on the total amount of compensation to be made to any one participant in a particular proceeding. Sec. 1105.8 Costs must be authorized and incurred. The Commission shall compensate participants only for costs that have been authorized and only for such costs actually incurred for participation in a proceeding. Sec. 1105.9 Itemized vouchers. The participant shall be paid upon submission of an itemized voucher listing each item of expense. Each item of expense exceeding $15 must be substantiated by a copy of a receipt, invoice, or appropriate document evidencing the fact that the cost was incurred. Sec. 1105.10 Reasonable costs. The Commission shall compensate participants only for costs that it determines are reasonable. As guidelines in these determinations, the Commission shall consider market rates and rates normally paid by the Commission for comparable goods and services, as appropriate. Sec. 1105.11 Compensable costs. The Commission may compensate participants for any or all of the following costs: (a) Salaries for participants or employees of participants; (b) Fees for consultants, experts, contractural services, and attorneys that are incurred by participants; (c) Transportation costs; (d) Travel-related costs such as lodging, meals, tipping, telephone calls; and (e) All other reasonable costs incurred, such as document reproduction, postage, baby-sitting, and the like. Sec. 1105.12 Advance contributions. The Commission may make its contribution in advance upon specific request, and the contribution may be made without regard to section 3648 of the Revised States of the United States (31 U.S.C. 529). Sec. 1105.13 Noncompensable costs. The items of cost toward which the Commission will not contribute include: [[Page 178]] (a) Costs for the acquisition of any interest in land or buildings; (b) Costs for the payment of items in excess of the participant's actual cost; and (c) Costs determined not to be allowable under generally accepted accounting principles and practices or part 1-15, Federal Procurement Regulations (41 CFR part 1-15). Sec. 1105.14 Audit and examination. The Commission and the Comptroller General of the United States, or their duly authorized representatives, shall have access for the purpose of audit and examination to any pertinent books, documents, papers and records of a participant receiving compensation under this section. The Commission may establish additional guidelines for accounting, recordkeeping, and other administrative procedures with which participants must comply as a condition of receiving a contribution. PART 1107_TESTING AND LABELING PERTAINING TO PRODUCT CERTIFICATION-- Table of Contents Subpart A_General Provisions Sec. 1107.1 Purpose. 1107.2 Definitions. Subpart B [Reserved] Subpart C_Certification of Children's Products 1107.20 General requirements. 1107.21 Periodic testing. 1107.23 Material change. 1107.24 Undue influence. 1107.26 Recordkeeping. Subpart D_Consumer Product Labeling Program 1107.30 Labeling consumer products to indicate that the certification requirements of section 14 of the CPSA have been met. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2063, Sec. 3, 102 Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016, 3017, 3022. Source: 76 FR 69541, Nov. 8, 2011, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_General Provisions Sec. 1107.1 Purpose. This part establishes the protocols and standards for ensuring continued testing of children's products periodically and when there has been a material change in the product's design or manufacturing process and safeguarding against the exercise of undue influence by a manufacturer on a third party conformity assessment body. It also establishes a program for labeling of consumer products to indicate that the certification requirements have been met pursuant to sections 14(a)(2) and (i)(2)(B) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) (15 U.S.C. 2063(a)(2) and (i)(2)(B)). Sec. 1107.2 Definitions. Unless otherwise stated, the definitions of the Consumer Product Safety Act and the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 apply to this part. The following definitions apply for purposes of this part: CPSA means the Consumer Product Safety Act. CPSC means the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Due care means the degree of care that a prudent and competent person engaged in the same line of business or endeavor would exercise under similar circumstances. Due care does not permit willful ignorance. High degree of assurance means an evidence-based demonstration of consistent performance of a product regarding compliance based on knowledge of a product and its manufacture. Identical in all material respects means there is no difference with respect to compliance to the applicable rules, bans, standards, or regulations between the samples to be tested for compliance and the finished product distributed in commerce. Manufacturer means the parties responsible for certification of a consumer product pursuant to 16 CFR part 1110. Manufacturing process means the techniques, fixtures, tools, materials, and personnel used to create the component parts and assemble a finished product. [[Page 179]] Material change means any change in the product's design, manufacturing process, or sourcing of component parts that a manufacturer exercising due care knows, or should know, could affect the product's ability to comply with the applicable rules, bans, standards, or regulations. Third party conformity assessment body means a testing laboratory whose accreditation has been accepted by the CPSC to conduct certification testing on children's products. Only third party conformity assessment bodies whose scope of accreditation includes the applicable required tests can be used for children's product certification or periodic testing purposes. Subpart B [Reserved] Subpart C_Certification of Children's Products Sec. 1107.20 General requirements. (a) Manufacturers must submit a sufficient number of samples of a children's product, or samples that are identical in all material respects to the children's product, to a third party conformity assessment body for testing to support certification. The number of samples selected must be sufficient to provide a high degree of assurance that the tests conducted for certification purposes accurately demonstrate the ability of the children's product to meet all applicable children's product safety rules. (b) If the manufacturing process for a children's product consistently creates finished products that are uniform in composition and quality, a manufacturer may submit fewer samples to provide a high degree of assurance that the finished product complies with the applicable children's product safety rules. If the manufacturing process for a children's product results in variability in the composition or quality of children's products, a manufacturer may need to submit more samples to provide a high degree of assurance that the finished product complies with the applicable children's product safety rules. (c) Except where otherwise specified by a children's product safety rule, component part testing pursuant to 16 CFR part 1109 may be used to support the certification testing requirements of this section. (d) If a product sample fails certification testing to the applicable children's product safety rule(s), even if other samples have passed the same certification test, the manufacturer must investigate the reasons for the failure and take the necessary steps to address the reasons for the failure. A manufacturer cannot certify the children's product until the manufacturer establishes, with a high degree of assurance that the finished product does comply with all applicable children's product safety rules. Sec. 1107.21 Periodic testing. (a) General requirements for all manufacturers. All manufacturers of children's products must conduct periodic testing. All periodic testing must be conducted by a third party conformity assessment body. Periodic testing must be conducted pursuant to either paragraph (b), (c), or (d) of this section or as provided in regulations under this title. The testing interval selected for periodic testing may be based on a fixed production interval, a set number of units produced, or another method chosen by the manufacturer based on the product produced and its manufacturing process, so long as the applicable maximum testing interval specified in paragraph (b), (c), or (d) of this section is not exceeded. Component part testing pursuant to 16 CFR part 1109 may be used to support the periodic testing requirements of this section. (b) A manufacturer must conduct periodic testing to ensure compliance with the applicable children's product safety rules at least once a year, except as otherwise provided in paragraphs (c), and (d) of this section or as provided in regulations under this title. If a manufacturer does not conduct production testing under paragraph (c) of this section, or testing by a testing laboratory under paragraph (d) of this section, the manufacturer must conduct periodic testing as follows: (1) Periodic Testing Plan. Manufacturers must develop a periodic testing [[Page 180]] plan to ensure with a high degree of assurance that children's products manufactured after the issuance of a Children's Product Certificate, or since the previous periodic testing was conducted, continue to comply with all applicable children's product safety rules. The periodic testing plan must include the tests to be conducted, the intervals at which the tests will be conducted, and the number of samples tested. At each manufacturing site, the manufacturer must have a periodic testing plan specific to each children's product manufactured at that site. (2) Testing Interval. The testing interval selected must be short enough to ensure that, if the samples selected for testing pass the test, there is a high degree of assurance that the other untested children's products manufactured during the testing interval comply with the applicable children's product safety rules. The testing interval may vary depending upon the specific children's product safety rules that apply to the children's product, but may not exceed one year. Factors to be considered when determining the testing interval include, but are not limited to, the following: (i) High variability in test results, as indicated by a relatively large sample standard deviation in quantitative tests; (ii) Measurements that are close to the allowable numerical limit for quantitative tests; (iii) Known manufacturing process factors which could affect compliance with a rule. For example, if the manufacturer knows that a casting die wears down as the die nears the end of its useful life, the manufacturer may wish to test more often as the casting die wears down; (iv) Consumer complaints or warranty claims; (v) Introduction of a new set of component parts into the assembly process; (vi) The manufacture of a fixed number of products; (vii) Potential for serious injury or death resulting from a noncompliant children's product; (viii) The number of children's products produced annually, such that a manufacturer should consider testing a children's product more frequently if the product is produced in very large numbers or distributed widely throughout the United States; (ix) The children's product's similarity to other children's products with which the manufacturer is familiar and/or whether the children's product has many different component parts compared to other children's products of a similar type; or (x) Inability to determine the children's product's noncompliance easily through means such as visual inspection. (c)(1) If a manufacturer implements a production testing plan as described in paragraph (c)(2) of this section to ensure continued compliance of the children's product with a high degree of assurance to the applicable children's product safety rules, the manufacturer must submit samples of its children's product to a third party conformity assessment body for periodic testing to the applicable children's product safety rules at least once every two years. A manufacturer may consider the information obtained from production testing when determining the appropriate testing interval and the number of samples needed for periodic testing to ensure that there is a high degree of assurance that the other untested children's products manufactured during the testing interval comply with the applicable children's product safety rules. (2) Production Testing Plan. A production testing plan describes the production management techniques and tests that must be performed to provide a high degree of assurance that the products manufactured after certification continue to meet all the applicable children's product safety rules. A production testing plan may include recurring testing or the use of process management techniques, such as control charts, statistical process control programs, or failure modes and effects analyses (FMEAs) designed to control potential variations in product manufacturing that could affect the product's ability to comply with the applicable children's product safety rules. A manufacturer may use measurement techniques that are nondestructive and tailored to the needs of an individual [[Page 181]] product to ensure that a product complies with all applicable children's product safety rules. Any production test method used to conduct production testing must be effective in determining compliance. Production testing cannot consist solely of mathematical methods (such as an FMEA, with no additional components, or computer simulations). Production testing must include some testing, although it is not required that the test methods employed be the test methods used for certification. A manufacturer must document the production testing methods used to ensure continuing compliance and the basis for determining that the production testing plan provides a high degree of assurance that the product being manufactured continues to comply with all applicable children's product safety rules. A production testing plan must contain the following elements: (i) A description of the production testing plan, including, but not limited to, a description of the process management techniques used, the tests to be conducted, or the measurements to be taken; the intervals at which the tests or measurements will be made; the number of samples tested; and the basis for determining that the combination of process management techniques and tests provide a high degree of assurance of compliance if they are not the tests prescribed for the applicable children's product safety rule; (ii) At each manufacturing site, the manufacturer must have a production testing plan specific to each children's product manufactured at that site; (iii) The production testing interval selected for tests must ensure that, if the samples selected for production testing comply with an applicable children's product safety rule, there is a high degree of assurance that the untested products manufactured during that testing interval also will comply with the applicable children's product safety rule. Production testing intervals should be appropriate for the specific testing or alternative measurements being conducted. (3) If a production testing plan as described in this paragraph (c) fails to provide a high degree of assurance of compliance with all applicable children's product safety rules, the CPSC may require the manufacturer to meet the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section or modify its production testing plan to ensure a high degree of assurance of compliance. (d)(1) For manufacturers conducting testing to ensure continued compliance with the applicable children's product safety rules using a testing laboratory accredited to ISO/IEC 17025, ``General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories,'' periodic tests by a third party conformity assessment body must be conducted at least once every three years. Any ISO/IEC 17025 -accredited testing laboratory used for ensuring continued compliance must be accredited by an accreditation body that is accredited to ISO/IEC 17011, ``Conformity assessment--General requirements for accreditation bodies accrediting conformity assessment bodies.'' The test method(s) used by an ISO/IEC 17025-accredited testing laboratory when conducting testing to ensure continued compliance must be the same test method(s) used for certification to the applicable children's product safety rules. Manufacturers must conduct testing using the ISO/IEC 17025-accredited testing laboratory frequently enough to provide a high degree of assurance that the children's product continues to comply with the applicable children's product safety rules. A manufacturer may consider the information obtained from testing conducted by an ISO/IEC 17025- accredited testing laboratory when determining the appropriate testing interval and the number of samples for periodic testing that are needed to ensure that there is a high degree of assurance that the other untested children's products manufactured during the testing interval comply with the applicable children's product safety rules. (2) If the continued testing described in paragraph (d)(1) of this section fails to provide a high degree of assurance of compliance with all applicable children's product safety rules, the CPSC may require the manufacturer to meet the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section or modify the testing frequency or number of samples required [[Page 182]] to ensure a high degree of assurance of continued compliance. (e) [Reserved] (f) A manufacturer must select representative product samples to be submitted to the third party conformity assessment body for periodic testing. The procedure used to select representative product samples for periodic testing must provide a basis for inferring compliance about the population of untested products produced during the applicable periodic testing interval. The number of samples selected for the sampling procedure must be sufficient to ensure continuing compliance with all applicable children's product safety rules. The manufacturer must document the procedure used to select the product samples for periodic testing and the basis for inferring the compliance of the product manufactured during the periodic testing interval from the results of the tested samples. (g) Incorporation by reference. The Director of the Federal Register approves the incorporation by reference of the standards in this section in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may inspect a copy at the Division of the Secretariat, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone (301) 504-7479, email: [email protected], or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. (1) International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO Central Secretariat Chemin de Blandonnet 8 CP 401--1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland; Telephone + 41 22 749 01 11, Fax + 41 22 733 34 30; http:// www.iso.org/iso/home.htm. (i) ISO/IEC 17011:2017(E) (ISO/IEC 17011), ``Conformity assessment-- Requirements for accreditation bodies accrediting conformity assessment bodies,'' November 10, 2017; and (ii) ISO/IEC 17025:2017(E) (ISO/IEC 17025), ``General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories,'' November 10, 2017. (2) [Reserved] [76 FR 69541, Nov. 8, 2011, as amended at 77 FR 72219, Dec. 5, 2012; 86 FR 22866, Apr. 30, 2021] Sec. 1107.23 Material change. (a) General Requirements. If a children's product undergoes a material change in product design or manufacturing process, including the sourcing of component parts, which a manufacturer exercising due care knows, or should know, could affect the product's ability to comply with the applicable children's product safety rules, the manufacturer must submit a sufficient number of samples of the materially changed children's product for testing by a third party conformity assessment body and issue a new Children's Product Certificate. The number of samples submitted must be sufficient to provide a high degree of assurance that the materially changed component part or finished product complies with the applicable children's product safety rules. A manufacturer of a children's product that undergoes a material change cannot issue a new Children's Product Certificate for the product until the product meets the requirements of the applicable children's product safety rules. The extent of such testing may depend on the nature of the material change. When a material change is limited to a component part of the finished children's product and does not affect the ability of other component parts of the children's product or the finished children's product to comply with other applicable children's product safety rules, a manufacturer may issue a new Children's Product Certificate based on the earlier third party certification tests and on test results of the changed component part conducted by a third party conformity assessment body. A manufacturer must exercise due care to ensure that any component part undergoing component part-level testing is identical in all material respects to the component part on the finished children's product. Changes that cause a children's product safety rule to no longer apply to a children's product are not considered to be material changes. (b) Product Design. For purposes of this subpart, the term ``product design'' includes all component parts, [[Page 183]] their composition, and their interaction and functionality when assembled. To determine which children's product safety rules apply to a children's product, a manufacturer should examine the product design for the children's product as received or assembled by the consumer. (c) Manufacturing Process. A material change in the manufacturing process is a change in how the children's product is made that could affect the finished children's product's ability to comply with the applicable children's product safety rules. For each change in the manufacturing process, a manufacturer should exercise due care to determine if compliance to an existing applicable children's product safety rule could be affected, or if the change results in a newly applicable children's product safety rule. (d) Sourcing of Component Parts. A material change in the sourcing of component parts results when the replacement of one component part of a children's product with another component part could affect compliance with the applicable children's product safety rule. This includes, but is not limited to, changes in component part composition, component part supplier, or the use of a different component part from the same supplier who provided the initial component part. Sec. 1107.24 Undue influence. (a) Each manufacturer must establish procedures to safeguard against the exercise of undue influence by a manufacturer on a third party conformity assessment body. (b) The procedures required in paragraph (a) of this section, at a minimum, must include: (1) Safeguards to prevent attempts by the manufacturer to exercise undue influence on a third party conformity assessment body, including a written policy statement from company officials that the exercise of undue influence is not acceptable, and directing that every appropriate staff member receive training on avoiding undue influence, and sign a statement attesting to participation in such training; (2) A requirement that upon substantive changes to the requirements in this section regarding avoiding undue influence, the appropriate staff must be retrained regarding those changed requirements. (3) A requirement to notify the CPSC immediately of any attempt by the manufacturer to hide or exert undue influence over test results; and (4) A requirement to inform employees that allegations of undue influence may be reported confidentially to the CPSC and a description of the manner in which such a report can be made. Sec. 1107.26 Recordkeeping. (a) A manufacturer of a children's product subject to an applicable children's product safety rule must maintain the following records: (1) A copy of the Children's Product Certificate for each product. The children's product covered by the certificate must be clearly identifiable and distinguishable from other products; (2) Records of each third party certification test. The manufacturer must have separate certification tests records for each manufacturing site; (3) Records of one of the following for periodic tests of a children's product: (i) A periodic test plan and periodic test results; (ii) A production testing plan, production test results, and periodic test results; or (iii) Testing results of tests conducted by a testing laboratory accredited to ISO/IEC 17025 (see Sec. 1107.21 for availability) and periodic test results. (4) Records documenting the testing of representative samples, as set forth in Sec. 1107.21(f), including the number of representative samples selected and the procedure used to select representative samples. Records also must include the basis for inferring compliance of the product manufactured during the periodic testing interval from the results of the tested samples; (5) Records of descriptions of all material changes in product design, manufacturing process, and sourcing of component parts, and the certification tests run and the test values; and (6) Records of the undue influence procedures, including training materials and training records of all employees trained on these procedures, including attestations described at Sec. 1107.24(b)(1). [[Page 184]] (b) A manufacturer must maintain the records specified in paragraph (a) of this section for five years. The manufacturer must make these records available, either in hard copy or electronically, such as through an Internet Web site, for inspection by the CPSC upon request. Records may be maintained in languages other than English if they can be: (1) Provided immediately by the manufacturer to the CPSC; and (2) Translated accurately into English by the manufacturer within 48 hours of a request by the CPSC, or any longer period negotiated with CPSC staff. [76 FR 69541, Nov. 8, 2011, as amended at 77 FR 72219, Dec. 5, 2012; 86 FR 22866, Apr. 30, 2021] Subpart D_Consumer Product Labeling Program Sec. 1107.30 Labeling consumer products to indicate that the certification requirements of section 14 of the CPSA have been met. (a) Manufacturers and private labelers of a consumer product may indicate, by a uniform label on, or provided with the product, that the product complies with any consumer product safety rule under the CPSA, or with any similar rule, ban, standard or regulation under any other act enforced by the CPSC. (b) The label must be visible and legible, and consist of the following statement: Meets CPSC Safety Requirements (c) A consumer product may bear the label if the manufacturer or private labeler has certified, pursuant to section 14 of the CPSA, that the consumer product complies with all applicable consumer product safety rules under the CPSA and with all rules, bans, standards, or regulations applicable to the product under any other act enforced by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (d) A manufacturer or private labeler may use a label in addition to the label described in paragraph (b) on the consumer product, as long as such label does not alter or mislead consumers as to the meaning of the label described in paragraph (b) of this section. A manufacturer or private labeler must not imply that the CPSC has tested, approved, or endorsed the product. PART 1109_CONDITIONS AND REQUIREMENTS FOR RELYING ON COMPONENT PART TESTING OR CERTIFICATION, OR ANOTHER PARTY'S FINISHED PRODUCT TESTING OR CERTIFICATION, TO MEET TESTING AND CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS-- Table of Contents Subpart A_General Conditions and Requirements Sec. 1109.1 Scope. 1109.2 Purpose. 1109.3 Applicability. 1109.4 Definitions. 1109.5 Conditions, requirements, and effects generally. Subpart B_Conditions and Requirements for Specific Consumer Products, Component Parts, and Chemicals 1109.11 Component part testing for paint. 1109.12 Component part testing for lead content of children's products. 1109.13 Component part testing for phthalates in children's toys and child care articles. Subpart C_Conditions and Requirements for Composite Testing 1109.21 Composite Testing. Authority: Secs. 3 and 102, Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016; 15 U.S.C. 2063. Source: 76 FR 69580, Nov. 8, 2011, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_General Conditions and Requirements Sec. 1109.1 Scope. (a) This part applies to tests or certifications of the following when such testing or certification is used to support a certificate of compliance pursuant to section 14(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) or to meet continued testing requirements pursuant to section 14(i) of the CPSA: (1) Component parts of consumer products; and [[Page 185]] (2) Finished products when conducted by a party that is not required to test or certify products pursuant to part 1110 of this chapter. (b) Component part manufacturers and suppliers may certify or test their component parts, but are not required to do so. Also, parties that are not required to test finished products, or to issue finished product certificates pursuant to part 1110 of this chapter, may do so voluntarily. (c) Subpart A establishes general requirements for component part testing and certification, and relying on component part testing or certification, or another party's finished product certification or testing, to support a certificate of compliance issued pursuant to section 14(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) or to meet continued testing requirements pursuant to section 14(i) of the CPSA. Subpart B sets forth additional requirements for component part testing for specific consumer products, component parts, and chemicals. Subpart B is applicable only to those products or requirements expressly included in subpart B. Subpart C describes the conditions and requirements for composite testing. [76 FR 69580, Nov. 8, 2011, as amended at 80 FR 61732, Oct. 14, 2015] Sec. 1109.2 Purpose. The purpose of this part is to set forth the conditions and requirements under which passing component part test reports, certification of component parts of consumer products, or finished product testing or certification procured or issued by another party, can be used to meet, in whole or in part, the testing and certification requirements of sections 14(a) and 14(i) of the CPSA. Sec. 1109.3 Applicability. The provisions of this part apply to all manufacturers and importers who are required to issue finished product certifications pursuant to section 14(a) of the CPSA and part 1110 of this chapter and to procure tests to ensure continued compliance pursuant to section 14(i) of the CPSA. This part also applies to manufacturers and suppliers of component parts or finished products who are not required to test or certify consumer products pursuant to part 1110 of this chapter, but who voluntarily choose to undertake testing or certification. Sec. 1109.4 Definitions. The following definitions apply to this part: (a) Certifier means a party that is either a finished product certifier or a component part certifier as defined in this section. (b) Component part means any part of a consumer product, including a children's product that either must or may be tested separately from a finished consumer product to assess the consumer product's ability to comply with a specific rule, ban, standard, or regulation enforced by the CPSC. Within the same consumer product, the component parts to be tested and the tests to be conducted may vary, depending on the applicable regulations and required test methods, if any. (c) Component part certifier means a party who, although not required to do so pursuant to part 1110 of this chapter, voluntarily certifies the following as complying with one or more rules, bans, standards, or regulations enforced by the CPSC, consistent with the content requirements for certifications in part 1110 of this chapter: (1) Component parts to be used in consumer products; or (2) Finished products. (d) CPSA means the Consumer Product Safety Act. (e) CPSC means the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (f) CPSIA means the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008. (g) Due care means the degree of care that a prudent and competent person engaged in the same line of business or endeavor would exercise under similar circumstances. Due care does not permit willful ignorance. (h) Finished product certifier means a party responsible for certifying compliance of a finished consumer product pursuant to part 1110 of this chapter with all applicable rules, bans, standards, and regulations enforced by the CPSC. (i) Identical in all material respects means there is no difference with respect to compliance to the applicable [[Page 186]] rules, bans, standards, or regulations, between the samples to be tested for compliance and the component part or finished product distributed in commerce. (j) Paint means any type of surface coating that is subject to part 1303 of this chapter or section 4.3.5.2 of ASTM F 963-08 (or any successor standard of section 4.3.5.2 of ASTM F 963-08 accepted by the Commission). (k) Testing party means a party (including, but not limited to, domestic manufacturers, foreign manufacturers, importers, private labelers, or component part suppliers) who procures tests (either by conducting the tests themselves, when this is allowed, or by arranging for another party to conduct the tests), of a consumer product, or any component part thereof, for compliance, in whole or in part, with any applicable rule, ban, standard, or regulation enforced by the CPSC. Testing laboratories and third party conformity assessment bodies are not testing parties under this definition. (l) Third party conformity assessment body means a testing laboratory whose accreditation has been accepted by the CPSC to conduct certification testing on children's products. Only third party conformity assessment bodies whose scope of accreditation includes the applicable required tests can be used to test children's products for purposes of supporting certification pursuant to section 14(a) of the CPSA and testing to ensure continued compliance pursuant to section 14(i) of the CPSA. (m) Traceable means the ability of a certifier to identify all testing parties of a component part of a consumer product or a finished product, including the name and address of each testing party and any party that conducted testing on the component part or finished product. Parties that conduct testing may include a manufacturer, a supplier, a testing laboratory, or a third party conformity assessment body. Traceability extends to the component part of the product that was tested for compliance, such that if a subassembly is tested, that subassembly must be traceable, not each component part of the subassembly, if those parts were not individually tested for other rules, bans, standards, or regulations. Sec. 1109.5 Conditions, requirements, and effects generally. (a) Component part testing allowed. Any party, including a component part manufacturer, a component part supplier, a component part certifier, or a finished product certifier, may procure component part testing as long as it complies with the requirements in this section, and with the requirements of subparts B and C of this part, if applicable in the circumstanced identified in subparts B and C. A finished product certifier may certify compliance of a consumer product with all applicable rules, bans, standards, and regulations as required by section 14(a) of the CPSA, and may ensure continued compliance of children's products pursuant to section 14(i) of the CPSA, based, in whole or in part, on passing component part test reports or certification of one or more component parts of a consumer product if the following requirements are met: (1) Testing of the component part is required or sufficient to assess compliance, in whole or in part, of the consumer product with the applicable rule, ban, standard, or regulation. Any doubts about whether testing one or more component parts of a consumer product is sufficient to assess whether the finished product complies with applicable rules, bans, standards, and regulations should be resolved in favor of testing the finished product; and (2) The component part tested is identical in all material respects to the component parts used in the finished consumer product. To be identical in all material respects to a component part for purposes of supporting a certification of a children's product, a sample need not necessarily be of the same size, shape, or finish condition as the component part of the finished product; rather, it may consist of any quantity that is sufficient for testing purposes and be in any form that has the same content as the component part of the finished product. (b) Test Result Integrity. A certifier or testing party must exercise due care to ensure that while a component part or finished product is in its custody: [[Page 187]] (1) Proper management and control of all raw materials, component parts, subassemblies, and finished products is established and maintained for any factor that could affect the finished product's compliance with all applicable rules; (2) The manufacturing process does not add or result in a prohibited level of a chemical from any source, such as the material hopper, regrind equipment, or other equipment used in the assembly of the finished product; and (3) No action or inaction subsequent to testing and before distribution in commerce has occurred that would affect compliance, including contamination or degradation. (c) Limitation. A certifier must not use tests of a component part of a consumer product for any rule, ban, standard, or regulation that requires testing the finished product to assess compliance with that rule, ban, standard, or regulation. (d) Test method and sampling protocol. Each certifier and testing party must exercise due care to ensure that when it procures a test for use in meeting the requirements of sections 14(a) or 14(i) of the CPSA: (1) All testing is done using required test methods, if any; (2) Required sampling protocols are followed, if any; and (3) Testing and certification follows the applicable requirements in sections 14(a) and 14(i) of the CPSA, and part 1107 of this chapter or any more specific rules, bans, standards, or regulations, used to assess compliance of the component part or finished product. (e) Timing. Subject to any more specific rule, ban, standard, or regulation, component part testing may occur before final assembly of a consumer product, provided that nothing in the final assembly of the consumer product can cause the component part or the final consumer product to become noncompliant. (f) Traceability. A certifier must not rely on component part or finished product testing procured by a testing party or another certifier unless such component parts or finished products are traceable. (g) Documentation by certifiers and testing parties. Each certifier and testing party must provide the following documentation, either in hard copy or electronically, to a certifier relying on such documentation as a basis for issuing a certificate: (1) Identification of the component part or the finished product tested; (2) Identification of a lot or batch number, or other information sufficient to identify the component parts or finished products to which the testing applies; (3) Identification of the applicable rules, bans, standards, and regulations for which each component part or finished product was tested; (4) Identification of the testing method(s) and sampling protocol(s) used; (5) The date or date range when the component part or finished product was tested; (6) Test reports that provide the results of each test on a component part or finished product, and the test values, if any; (7) Identification of the party that conducted each test (including testing conducted by a manufacturer, testing laboratory, or third party conformity assessment body), and an attestation by the party conducting the testing that all testing of a component part or finished product by that party was performed in compliance with applicable provisions of section 14 of the CPSA, part 1107 of this chapter, or any more specific rules, bans, standards, or regulations; (8) Component part certificate(s) or finished product certificate(s), if any; (9) Records to support traceability as defined in Sec. 1109.4(m); and (10) An attestation by each certifier and testing party that while the component part or finished product was in its custody, it exercised due care to ensure compliance with the requirements set forth in subparagraph (b) of this section. (h) Effect of voluntary certification. (1) The Commission will consider any certificate issued by a component part certifier in accordance with this part to be a certificate issued in accordance with section 14(a) of the CPSA. All certificates must contain all of the information required by part 1110 of this chapter. [[Page 188]] (2) Any party who elects to certify compliance of a component part or a finished product with applicable rules, standards, bans, or regulations, must assume all responsibilities of a manufacturer under sections 14(a) and 14(i) of the CPSA and part 1107 of this chapter with respect to that component part or finished product's compliance to the applicable rules, standards, bans, or regulations. (i) Certification by finished product certifiers. (1) A finished product certifier must exercise due care in order to rely, in whole or in part, on one or more of the following as a basis for issuing a finished product certificate: (i) Finished product certificate(s) issued by another party; (ii) Finished product test report(s) provided by another party; (iii) Component part certificate(s); or (iv) Component part test report(s). (2) If a finished product certifier fails to exercise due care in its reliance on another party's certifications or test reports, then the Commission will not consider the finished product certifier to hold a certificate issued in accordance with section 14(a) of the CPSA. Exercising due care in this context means taking the steps that a prudent and competent person in the same line of business would take to conduct a reasonable review of another party's certification or test reports, and to address any concern over their validity, before relying on such documents to issue a finished product certificate. Due care does not permit willful ignorance. Such steps may vary according to the circumstances. (3) A finished product certifier must not rely on another party's certifications or test reports unless the finished product certifier receives the documentation under paragraph (g) of this section from the certifier or testing party. The finished product certifier may receive such documentation either in hard copy or electronically, or access the documentation through an Internet Web site. The Commission may consider a finished product certifier who does not obtain such documentation before certifying a consumer product to have failed to exercise due care. (j) Recordkeeping requirements. Each certifier or testing party must maintain the documentation required in paragraph (g) of this section for five years, and must make such documentation available for inspection by the CPSC upon request, either in hard copy or electronically, such as through an Internet Web site. Records may be maintained in languages other than English if they can be: (1) Provided immediately by the certifier or testing party to the CPSC; and (2) Translated accurately into English by the certifier or testing party within 48 hours of a request by the CPSC or any longer period negotiated with CPSC staff. [76 FR 69580, Nov. 8, 2011, as amended at 80 FR 61732, Oct. 14, 2015] Subpart B_Conditions and Requirements for Specific Consumer Products, Component Parts, and Chemicals Sec. 1109.11 Component part testing for paint. (a) Generally. The Commission will permit certification of a consumer product, or a component part of a consumer product, as being in compliance with the lead paint limit of part 1303 of this chapter or the content limits for paint on toys of section 4.3 of ASTM F 963-11 or any successor standard of section 4.3 of ASTM F 963-11 accepted by the Commission if, for each paint used on the product, the requirements in Sec. 1109.5 and paragraph (b) of this section are met. (b) Requirement. For each paint used on the product: (1) Unless using the test method ASTM F 2853-10 to test for lead in paint, all testing must be performed on dry paint that is scraped off of a substrate for testing. The substrate used need not be of the same material as the material used in the finished product or have the same shape or other characteristics as the part of the finished product to which the paint will be applied; and (2) The tested paint is identical in all material respects to that used in production of the consumer product. The paint samples to be tested must have [[Page 189]] the same composition as the paint used on the finished product. However, a larger quantity of the paint may be tested than is used on the consumer product in order to generate a sufficient sample size. The paint may be supplied to the testing laboratory for testing either in liquid form or in the form of a dried film of the paint on any suitable substrate. [76 FR 69580, Nov. 8, 2011, as amended at 80 FR 61732, Oct. 14, 2015] Sec. 1109.12 Component part testing for lead content of children's products. A certifier may rely on component part testing of each accessible component part of a children's product for lead content, where such component part testing is performed by a third party conformity assessment body, provided that the requirements in Sec. 1109.5 are met, and the determination of which, if any, parts are inaccessible pursuant to section 101(b)(2) of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (CPSIA) and part 1500.87 of this chapter is based on an evaluation of the finished product. Sec. 1109.13 Component part testing for phthalates in children's toys and child care articles. A certifier may rely on component part testing of appropriate component parts of a children's toy or child care article for phthalate content provided that the requirements in Sec. 1109.5 are met, and the determination of which, if any, parts are inaccessible pursuant to section 108(d) of the CPSIA and part 1199 of this chapter is based on an evaluation of the finished product. [80 FR 61732, Oct. 14, 2015] Subpart C_Conditions and Requirements for Composite Testing Sec. 1109.21 Composite testing. (a) Paint. In testing paint for compliance with chemical content limits, certifiers and testing parties may procure tests conducted on a combination of different paint samples so long as test procedures are followed to ensure that no failure to comply with the lead limits will go undetected (see paragraph (c) of this section). A certificate may be based on testing each component part of the paint according to the requirements of Sec. 1109.11 and certifying that each component part in the mixture individually complies with the lead in paint limit or other paint limit. Testing and certification of composite paints must also comply with Sec. Sec. 1109.5 and 1109.11. (b) Component parts. A certifier or testing party may procure tests conducted on a combination of component parts for compliance with chemical content limits so long as test procedures are followed to ensure that no failure to comply with the content limits will go undetected (see paragraph (c) of this section). Testing and certification of composite component parts for lead content must also comply with Sec. Sec. 1109.5 and 1109.12. Testing and certification of composite component parts for phthalate content must also comply with Sec. Sec. 1109.5 and 1109.13. (c) How to evaluate composite testing. When using composite testing, only the total amount or percentage of the target chemical is determined, not how much was in each individual paint or component part. Therefore, to determine that each paint or component part is within the applicable limit, the entire amount of the target chemical in the composite is attributed to each paint or component part. If this method yields an amount of the target chemical that exceeds the limit applicable to any paint or component part in the composite sample, additional testing would be required to determine which of the paints or component parts, if any, fail to meet the applicable limit. PART 1110_CERTIFICATES OF COMPLIANCE--Table of Contents Sec. 1110.1 Purpose and scope. 1110.3 Definitions. 1110.5 Acceptable certificates. 1110.7 Who must certify and provide a certificate. 1110.9 Form of certificate. 1110.11 Content of certificate. 1110.13 Availability of electronic certificate. 1110.15 Legal responsibility for certificate information. [[Page 190]] Authority: Pub. L. No. 110-314, Sec. 3, 122 Stat. 3016, 3017 (2008); 15 U.S.C. 14. Source: 73 FR 68331, Nov. 18, 2008, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1110.1 Purpose and scope. (a) This part 1110: (1) Limits the entities required to provide certificates in accordance with section 14(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Act, as amended (CPSA), 15 U.S.C. 2063(a), to importers and U.S. domestic manufacturers; (2) Specifies the content, form, and availability requirements of the CPSA that must be met for a certificate to satisfy the certificate requirements of section 14(a); and (3) Specifies means by which an electronic certificate shall meet those requirements. (b) This part 1110 does not address issues related to type or frequency of testing necessary to satisfy the certification requirements of CPSA section 14(a). It does not address issues related to CPSA section 14(g)(4) concerning advance filing of electronic certificates of compliance with the Commission and/or the Commissioner of Customs. Sec. 1110.3 Definitions. The following definitions apply for purposes of this part 1110. (a) Electronic certificate means, for purposes of this part 1110, a set of information available in, and accessible by, electronic means that sets forth the information required by CPSA section 14(a) and section 14(g) and that meets the availability requirements of CPSA section 14(g)(3). (b) Unless otherwise stated, the definitions of section 3 of the CPSA and additional definitions in the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (CPSIA), Pub. L. 110-314, apply for purposes of this part 1110. Sec. 1110.5 Acceptable certificates. A certificate that is in hard copy or electronic form and complies with all applicable requirements of this part 1110 meets the certificate requirements of section 14 of the CPSA. This does not relieve the importer or domestic manufacturer from the underlying statutory requirements concerning the supporting testing and/or other bases to support certification and issuance of certificates. Sec. 1110.7 Who must certify and provide a certificate. (a) Imports. Except as otherwise provided in a specific standard, in the case of a product manufactured outside the United States, only the importer must certify in accordance with, and provide the certificate required by, CPSA section 14(a) as applicable, that the product or shipment in question complies with all applicable CPSA rules and all similar rules, bans, standards, and regulations applicable to the product or shipment under any other Act enforced by the Commission. (b) Domestic products. Except as otherwise provided in a specific standard, in the case of a product manufactured in the United States, only the manufacturer must certify in accordance with, and provide the certificate required by, CPSA section 14(a) as applicable, that the product or shipment in question complies with all applicable CPSA rules and all similar rules, bans, standards, and regulations applicable to the product or shipment under any other Act enforced by the Commission. (c) Availability of certificates--(1) Imports. In the case of imports, the certificate required by CPSA section 14(a) must be available to the Commission from the importer as soon as the product or shipment itself is available for inspection in the United States. (2) Domestic products. In the case of domestic products, the certificate required by CPSA section 14(a) must be available to the Commission from the manufacturer prior to introduction of the product or shipment in question into domestic commerce. Sec. 1110.9 Form of certificate. As required by CPSA section 14(g)(2), the information on a hard copy or electronic certificate must be provided in English and may be provided in any other language. Sec. 1110.11 Content of certificate. As required by CPSA sections 14(a) and 14(g), a certificate must contain the following information: (a) Identification of the product covered by the certificate. [[Page 191]] (b) Citation to each CPSC product safety regulation or statutory requirement to which the product is being certified. Specifically, the certificate shall identify separately each applicable consumer product safety rule under the Consumer Product Safety Act and any similar rule, ban, standard or regulation under any other Act enforced by the Commission that is applicable to the product. (c) Identification of the importer or domestic manufacturer certifying compliance of the product, including the importer or domestic manufacturer's name, full mailing address, and telephone number. (d) Contact information for the individual maintaining records of test results, including the custodian's name, e-mail address, full mailing address, and telephone number. (CPSC suggests that each issuer maintain test records supporting the certification for at least three years as is currently required by certain consumer product specific CPSC standards, for example at 16 CFR 1508.10 for full-size baby cribs.) (e) Date (month and year at a minimum) and place (including city and state, country, or administrative region) where the product was manufactured. If the same manufacturer operates more than one location in the same city, the street address of the factory in question should be provided. (f) Date and place (including city and state, country or administrative region) where the product was tested for compliance with the regulation(s) cited above in subsection (b). (g) Identification of any third-party laboratory on whose testing the certificate depends, including name, full mailing address and telephone number of the laboratory. Sec. 1110.13 Availability of electronic certificate. (a) CPSA section 14(g)(3) requires that the certificates required by section 14(a) ``accompany'' each product or product shipment and be ``furnished'' to each distributor and retailer of the product in question. (1) An electronic certificate satisfies the ``accompany'' requirement if the certificate is identified by a unique identifier and can be accessed via a World Wide Web URL or other electronic means, provided the URL or other electronic means and the unique identifier are created in advance and are available, along with access to the electronic certificate itself, to the Commission or to the Customs authorities as soon as the product or shipment itself is available for inspection. (2) An electronic certificate satisfies the ``furnish'' requirement if the distributor(s) and retailer(s) of the product are provided a reasonable means to access the certificate. (b) An electronic certificate shall have a means to verify the date of its creation or last modification. Sec. 1110.15 Legal responsibility for certificate information. Any entity or entities may maintain an electronic certificate platform and may enter the requisite data. However, the entity or entities required by CPSA section 14(a) to issue the certificate remain legally responsible for the accuracy and completeness of the certificate information required by statute and its availability in timely fashion. PART 1112_REQUIREMENTS PERTAINING TO THIRD PARTY CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT BODIES-- Table of Contents Subpart A_Purpose and Definitions Sec. 1112.1 Purpose. 1112.3 Definitions. Subpart B_General Requirements Pertaining to Third Party Conformity Assessment Bodies 1112.11 What are the types of third party conformity assessment bodies? 1112.13 How does a third party conformity assessment body apply for CPSC acceptance? 1112.15 When can a third party conformity assessment body apply for CPSC acceptance for a particular CPSC rule or test method? 1112.17 How will the CPSC respond to each application? 1112.19 How does the CPSC publish information identifying third party conformity assessment bodies that have been accepted? 1112.21 May a third party conformity assessment body use testing methods other [[Page 192]] than those specified in the relevant CPSC rule or test method? 1112.23 May a CSPC-accepted third party conformity assessment body subcontract work conducted for purposes of section 14 of the CPSA? 1112.25 What are a third party conformity assessment body's recordkeeping responsibilities? 1112.27 Must a third party conformity assessment body allow CPSC inspections related to investigations? 1112.29 How does a third party conformity assessment body voluntarily discontinue its participation with the CPSC? Subpart C_Audit Requirements for Third Party Conformity Assessment Bodies 1112.30 What is the purpose of this subpart? 1112.31 Who is subject to these audit requirements? 1112.33 What must an audit address or over and who conducts the audit? 1112.35 When must an audit be conducted? 1112.37 What must a third party conformity assessment body do after an audit? 1112.39 What records should a third party conformity assessment body retain regarding an audit? Subpart D_Adverse Actions: Types, Grounds, Allegations, Procedural Requirements, and Publication 1112.41 What are the possible adverse actions the CPSC may take against a third party conformity assessment body? 1112.43 What are the grounds for denial of an application? 1112.45 What are the grounds for suspension of CPSC acceptance? 1112.47 What are the grounds for withdrawal of CPSC acceptance? 1112.49 How may a person submit information alleging grounds for adverse action, and what information should be submitted? 1112.51 What are the procedures relevant to adverse actions? 1112.53 Can the CPSC immediately withdraw its acceptance of the accreditation of a third party conformity assessment body? 1112.55 Will the CPSC publish adverse actions? Authority: Pub. L. 110-314, section 3, 122 Stat. 3016, 3017 (2008); 15 U.S.C. 2063. Source: 77 FR 31084, May 24, 2012, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_Purpose and Definitions Sec. 1112.1 Purpose. This part defines the term ``third party conformity assessment body'' and describes the types of third party conformity assessment bodies whose accreditations are accepted by the CPSC to test children's products under section 14 of the CPSA. It describes the requirements and procedures for becoming a CPSC-accepted third party conformity assessment body; the audit requirement applicable to CPSC-accepted third party conformity assessment bodies; how a third party conformity assessment body may voluntarily discontinue participation as a CPSC- accepted third party conformity assessment body; the grounds and procedures for withdrawal or suspension of CPSC acceptance of the accreditation of a third party conformity assessment body; and how an individual may submit information alleging grounds for adverse action. [78 FR 15858, Mar. 12, 2013] Sec. 1112.3 Definitions. Unless otherwise stated, the definitions of section 3 of the CPSA and additional definitions in the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, Public Law 110-314, apply for purposes of this part. The following definitions apply for purposes of this subpart: Accept accreditation means that the CPSC has positively disposed of an application by a third party conformity assessment body to test children's products pursuant to a particular children's product safety rule, for purposes of the testing required in section 14 of the CPSA. Accreditation means a procedure by which an authoritative body gives formal recognition that a third party conformity assessment body meets competence requirements to perform specific tasks. Accreditation recognizes a third party conformity assessment body's technical capability and is usually specific for tests of the systems, products, components, or materials for which the third party conformity assessment body claims proficiency. [[Page 193]] Accreditation body means an entity that: (1) Accredits or has accredited a third party conformity assessment body as meeting, at a minimum, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO)/International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Standard ISO/IEC 17025 (see Sec. 1107.21 of this chapter for availability), ``General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories,'' and any test methods or consumer product safety requirements specified in the relevant notice of requirements issued by the Commission; and (2) Is a signatory to the International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation-Mutual Recognition Arrangement. Audit means a systematic, independent, documented process for obtaining records, statements of fact, or other relevant information, and assessing them objectively to determine the extent to which specified requirements are fulfilled. An audit, for purposes of this part, consists of two parts: (1) An examination by an accreditation body to determine whether the third party conformity assessment body meets or continues to meet the conditions for accreditation (a process known more commonly as a ``reassessment''); and (2) The resubmission of the ``Consumer Product Conformity Assessment Body Acceptance Registration Form'' (CPSC Form 223) and accompanying documentation by the third party conformity assessment body and the Consumer Product Safety Commission's (CPSC's) examination of the resubmitted CPSC Form 223 and accompanying documentation. Accompanying documentation includes the baseline documents required of all applicants in Sec. 1112.13(a), the documents required of firewalled applicants in Sec. 1112.13(b)(2), and/or the documents required of governmental applicants in Sec. 1112.13(c)(2). Commission means the body of Commissioners appointed to the Consumer Product Safety Commission. CPSA means the Consumer Product Safety Act, 15 U.S.C. 2051-2089. CPSC means the Consumer Product Safety Commission as an agency. Notice of requirements means a publication that provides the minimum qualifications necessary for a third party conformity assessment body to have its accreditation accepted to test children's products for conformity with a particular children's product safety rule. Quality manager means an individual (however named) who, irrespective of other duties and responsibilities, has defined responsibility and authority for ensuring that the management system related to quality is implemented and followed at all times and has direct access to the highest level of management at which decisions are made on the conformity assessment body's policy or resources. Scope means the range of particular CPSC safety rules and/or test methods to which a third party conformity assessment body has been accredited and for which it may apply for CPSC acceptance. Suspend means the CPSC has removed its acceptance, for purposes of the testing of children's products required in section 14 of the CPSA, of a third party conformity assessment body's accreditation for failure to cooperate in an investigation under this part. Third party conformity assessment body means a laboratory. Undue influence means that a manufacturer, private labeler, governmental entity, or other interested party affects a third party conformity assessment body, such that commercial, financial, or other pressures compromise the integrity of its testing processes or results. Withdraw means the CPSC removes its prior acceptance of a third party conformity assessment body's accreditation pursuant to a particular children's product safety rule for purposes of the testing of children's products required in section 14 of the CPSA. [77 FR 31084, May 24, 2012, as amended at 78 FR 15858, Mar. 12, 2013; 86 FR 22866, Apr. 30, 2021] [[Page 194]] Subpart B_General Requirements Pertaining to Third Party Conformity Assessment Bodies Source: 78 FR 15859, Mar. 12, 2013, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1112.11 What are the types of third party conformity assessment bodies? (a) Independent. Independent third party conformity assessment bodies are third party conformity assessment bodies that are neither owned, managed, or controlled by a manufacturer or private labeler of a children's product to be tested by the third party conformity assessment body, nor owned or controlled, in whole or in part, by a government; (b) Firewalled. A third party conformity assessment body must apply for firewalled status if: (1) It is owned, managed, or controlled by a manufacturer or private labeler of a children's product; (i) For purposes of determining whether a third party conformity assessment body is firewalled, ``manufacturer'' includes a trade association. (ii) A manufacturer or private labeler is considered to own, manage, or control a third party conformity assessment body if any one of the following characteristics applies: (A) The manufacturer or private labeler of the children's product holds a 10 percent or greater ownership interest, whether direct or indirect, in the third party conformity assessment body. Indirect ownership interest is calculated by successive multiplication of the ownership percentages for each link in the ownership chain; (B) The third party conformity assessment body and a manufacturer or private labeler of the children's product are owned by a common ``parent'' entity; or (C) A manufacturer or private labeler of the children's product has the ability to appoint any of the third party conformity assessment body's senior internal governing body (such as, but not limited to, a board of directors), the ability to appoint the presiding official (such as, but not limited to, the chair or president) of the third party conformity assessment body's senior internal governing body, the ability to hire, dismiss, or set the compensation level for third party conformity assessment body personnel, regardless of whether this ability is ever exercised; (2) The children's product is subject to a CPSC children's product safety rule that the third party conformity assessment body requests CPSC acceptance to test; and (3) The third party conformity assessment body intends to test such children's product made by the owning, managing, or controlling entity for the purpose of supporting a Children's Product Certificate. (c) Governmental. Governmental third party conformity assessment bodies are owned or controlled, in whole or in part, by a government. For purposes of this part, ``government'' includes any unit of a national, territorial, provincial, regional, state, tribal, or local government, and a union or association of sovereign states. ``Government'' also includes domestic, as well as foreign entities. A third party conformity assessment body is ``owned or controlled, in whole or in part, by a government'' if any one of the following characteristics applies: (1) A governmental entity holds a 1 percent or greater ownership interest, whether direct or indirect, in the third party conformity assessment body. Indirect ownership interest is calculated by successive multiplication of the ownership percentages for each link in the ownership chain; (2) A governmental entity provides any direct financial investment or funding (other than fee for work); (3) A governmental entity has the ability to appoint a majority of the third party conformity assessment body's senior internal governing body (such as, but not limited to, a board of directors); the ability to appoint the presiding official of the third party conformity assessment body's senior internal governing body (such as, but not limited to, chair or president); and/or the ability to hire, dismiss, or set the compensation level for third party conformity assessment body personnel; (4) Third party conformity assessment body management or technical personnel include any government employees; [[Page 195]] (5) The third party conformity assessment body has a subordinate position to a governmental entity in its external organizational structure (not including its relationship as a regulated entity to a government regulator); or (6) Apart from its role as regulator, the government can determine, establish, alter, or otherwise affect: (i) The third party conformity assessment body's testing outcomes; (ii) The third party conformity assessment body's budget or financial decisions; (iii) Whether the third party conformity assessment body may accept particular offers of work; or (iv) The third party conformity assessment body's organizational structure or continued existence. Sec. 1112.13 How does a third party conformity assessment body apply for CPSC acceptance? (a) Baseline Requirements. Each third party conformity assessment body seeking CPSC acceptance must: (1) Submit a completed Consumer Product Conformity Assessment Body Registration Form (CPSC Form 223 or Application). In submitting a CPSC Form 223, the third party conformity assessment body must attest to facts and characteristics about its business that will determine whether the third party conformity assessment body is independent, firewalled, or governmental. The third party conformity assessment body also must attest that it has read, understood, and agrees to the regulations in this part. The third party conformity assessment body must update its CPSC Form 223 whenever any information previously supplied on the form changes. (2) Submit the following documentation. (i) Accreditation certificate. (A) The third party conformity assessment body must be accredited to the ISO/IEC 17025, ``General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories.'' (B) The accreditation must be by an accreditation body that is a signatory to the International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation- Mutual Recognition Arrangement (ILAC-MRA). (ii) Statement of scope. The third party conformity assessment body's accreditation must include a statement of scope that clearly identifies each CPSC rule and/or test method for which CPSC acceptance is sought. Although a third party conformity assessment body may include more than one CPSC rule and/or test method in its scope in one application, it must submit a new application if the CPSC has already accepted the third party conformity assessment body for a particular scope, and the third party conformity assessment body wishes to expand its acceptance to include additional CPSC rules and/or test methods. (b) Additional Requirements for Firewalled Third Party Conformity Assessment Bodies. (1) A third party conformity assessment body may be accepted as a firewalled third party conformity assessment body if the Commission, by order, makes the findings described in Sec. 1112.17(b). (2) For the Commission to evaluate whether an applicant firewalled third party conformity assessment body satisfies the criteria listed in Sec. 1112.17(b), and in addition to the baseline accreditation requirements in paragraph (a) of this section, a firewalled third party conformity assessment body applying for acceptance of its accreditation must submit copies of: (i) The third party conformity assessment body's established policies and procedures that explain: (A) How the third party conformity assessment body will protect its test results from undue influence by the manufacturer, private labeler, or other interested party; (B) That the CPSC will be notified immediately of any attempt by the manufacturer, private labeler, or other interested party to hide or exert undue influence over the third party conformity assessment body's test results; and (C) That allegations of undue influence may be reported confidentially to the CPSC; (ii) Training documents, including a description of the training program content, showing how employees are trained annually on the policies and procedures described in paragraph (b)(2)(i) of this section; [[Page 196]] (iii) Training records, including a list and corresponding signatures, of the staff members who received the training identified in paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of this section. The records must include training dates, location, and the name and title of the individual providing the training; (iv) An organizational chart(s) of the third party conformity assessment body that includes the names of all third party conformity assessment body personnel, both temporary and permanent, and their reporting relationship within the third party conformity assessment body; (v) An organizational chart(s) of the broader organization that identifies the reporting relationships of the third party conformity assessment body within the broader organization (using both position titles and staff names); and (vi) A list of all third party conformity assessment body personnel with reporting relationships outside of the third party conformity assessment body. The list must identify the name and title of the relevant third party conformity assessment body employee(s) and the names, titles, and employer(s) of all individuals outside of the third party conformity assessment body to whom they report; (c) Additional Requirements for Governmental Third Party Conformity Assessment Bodies. (1) The CPSC may accept a governmental third party conformity assessment body if the CPSC determines that: (i) To the extent practicable, manufacturers or private labelers located in any nation are permitted to choose third party conformity assessment bodies that are not owned or controlled by the government of that nation; (ii) The third party conformity assessment body's testing results are not subject to undue influence by any other person, including another governmental entity; (iii) The third party conformity assessment body is not accorded more favorable treatment than other third party conformity assessment bodies in the same nation who have been accredited; (iv) The third party conformity assessment body's testing results are accorded no greater weight by other governmental authorities than those of other accredited third party conformity assessment bodies; and (v) The third party conformity assessment body does not exercise undue influence over other governmental authorities on matters affecting its operations or on decisions by other governmental authorities controlling distribution of products based on outcomes of the third party conformity assessment body's conformity assessments. (2) For the CPSC to evaluate whether a governmental third party conformity assessment body satisfies the criteria listed in paragraph (c)(1) of this section, and in addition to the baseline accreditation requirements in paragraph (a) of this section, a governmental third party conformity assessment body seeking CPSC-accepted status must submit: (i) Description. A description illustrating the relationships with other entities, such as government agencies and joint ventures partners. The description may be in the form of a diagram; (ii) Responses to questionnaires. The CPSC will provide a governmental third party conformity assessment body applicant with a questionnaire and will provide a separate questionnaire to the affiliated governmental entity; (iii) Executed memorandum. A copy of an executed memorandum addressing undue influence; (A) The memorandum must be: (1) Addressed to all staff of the third party conformity assessment body; (2) On company letterhead; (3) From senior management of the third party conformity assessment body; (4) In the primary written language used for business communication in the area where the third party conformity assessment body is located; if that language is different than English, an English translation of the executed memorandum must also be provided to the CPSC; [[Page 197]] (5) Displayed prominently for staff reference for as long as the accreditation of the third party conformity assessment body whose accreditation is accepted by the CPSC; and (B) The memorandum must state that: (1) The policy of the laboratory is to reject undue influence by any manufacturer, private labeler, governmental entity, or other interested party, regardless of that person or entity's affiliation with any organization; (2) Employees are required to report immediately to their supervisor or any other official designated by the third party conformity assessment body about any attempts to gain undue influence; and (3) The third party conformity assessment body will not tolerate violations of the undue influence policy. (iv) Attestation. A senior officer of the governmental third party conformity assessment body, who has the authority to make binding statements of policy on behalf of the third party conformity assessment body, must attest to the following: (A) The third party conformity assessment body seeks acceptance as a governmental third party conformity assessment body under the CPSC's program of requirements for the testing of children's products; (B) The official intends the attestation to be considered in support of any and all applications made by this third party conformity assessment body for acceptance of its accreditation by the CPSC, including future applications related to additional CPSC rules and/or test methods; (C) The attestation, and any other document submitted in support of the application, is accurate in its representation of current conditions or policies at the third party conformity assessment body, to the best of the official's knowledge, information, and/or belief. The information in the attestation, and any other document submitted in support of the application, will be understood by the CPSC as continuing in its accuracy in every respect, until and unless notice of its revocation by an authorized officer of the third party conformity assessment body is received by the CPSC. The official understands that acceptance by the CPSC carries with it the obligation to comply with this part, in order to remain on the CPSC's list of accepted third party conformity assessment bodies. The attestation is submitted as a condition of acceptance of this laboratory as a governmental third party conformity assessment body by the CPSC. (D) The word ``government'' in the attestation refers to any government (central, provincial, municipal, or other) in this third party conformity assessment body's country or administrative area and includes state-owned entities, even if those entities do not carry out governmental functions. (E) With regard to consumer products to be distributed in commerce in the United States and subject to CPSC third party testing requirements, the third party conformity assessment body does not receive, and will not accept from any governmental entity, treatment that is more favorable than that received by other third party conformity assessment bodies in the same country or administrative area, which have been accepted as accredited for third party testing by the CPSC. More favorable treatment for a governmental third party conformity assessment body includes, but is not limited to, authorization to perform essential export-related functions, while competing CPSC- accepted laboratories in the same country or administrative area are not permitted to perform those same functions. (F) With regard to consumer products to be sold in the United States and subject to CPSC third party testing requirements, the third party conformity assessment body's testing results are not accorded greater weight by any governmental entity that may be evaluating such results for export control purposes, compared to other third party conformity assessment bodies in the same country or administrative area, which have been accepted as accredited for third party testing by the CPSC. (G) The third party conformity assessment body has an expressed policy, known to its employees, that forbids attempts at undue influence over any government authorities on matters affecting its operations. [[Page 198]] (H) When a governmental third party conformity assessment body is owned or controlled by a governmental entity that also has any ownership or control over consumer product production, the senior officer of the applicant third party conformity assessment body must attest that the third party conformity assessment body will not conduct CPSC tests in support of a Children's Product Certificate for products for export to the United States that have been produced by an entity in which that governmental entity holds such ownership or control until it has applied for and been accepted by the Commission as, a dual governmental- firewalled third party conformity assessment body. (v) Governmental entity attestation. In the event that the CPSC determines that its ability to accept a governmental third party conformity assessment body's application is dependent upon a recently changed circumstance in the relationship between the third party conformity assessment body and a governmental entity, and/or a recently changed policy of the related governmental entity, the CPSC may require the relevant governmental entity to attest to the details of the new relationship or policy. (d) Dual firewalled and governmental status. A third party conformity assessment body that meets both the firewalled and the governmental criteria must submit applications under both firewalled and governmental categories. (e) English language. All application materials must be in English. (f) Electronic submission. The CPSC Form 223 and all accompanying documentation must be submitted electronically via the CPSC Web site. (g) Clarification and verification. The CPSC may require additional information to determine whether the third party conformity assessment body meets the relevant criteria. In addition, the CPSC may verify accreditation certificate and scope information directly from the accreditation body before approving an application. (h) Retraction of application. A third party conformity assessment body may retract a submitted CPSC Form 223 any time before the CPSC has acted on the submission. A retraction will not end or nullify any enforcement action that the CPSC is otherwise authorized by law to pursue. (i) Incorporation by reference. The Director of the Federal Register approves the incorporation by reference in paragraph (a)(2)(i) of this section in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy of ISO/IEC 17025:2017(E), ``Requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories,'' approved November 10, 2021 from the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO Central Secretariat Chemin de Blandonnet 8 CP 401-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland; Telephone + 41 22 749 01 11, Fax + 41 22 733 34 30; http://www.iso.org/iso/home.htm. You may inspect a copy at the Division of the Secretariat, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone (301) 504-7479, email: [email protected], or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. [78 FR 15859, Mar. 12, 2013, as amended at 86 FR 22866, Apr. 30, 2021] Sec. 1112.15 When can a third party conformity assessment body apply for CPSC acceptance for a particular CPSC rule or test method? (a) Once the CPSC publishes the requirements for accreditation to a particular CPSC rule or test method, a third party conformity assessment body may apply to the CPSC for acceptance to that scope of accreditation. An application may be made for acceptance of accreditation to more than one CPSC rule or test method. Once accepted by the CPSC, a third party conformity assessment body may apply at any time to expand the scope of its acceptance to include additional CPSC rules or test methods. A third party conformity assessment body may only issue test results for purposes of section 14 of the CPSA that fall within a scope for which the CPSC has accepted the third party conformity assessment body's accreditation. [[Page 199]] (b) The CPSC has published the requirements for accreditation for third party conformity assessment bodies to assess conformity for the following CPSC rules or test methods: (1) 16 CFR part 1203, Safety Standard for Bicycle Helmets; (2) 16 CFR part 1215, Safety Standard for Infant Bath Seats; (3) 16 CFR part 1216, Safety Standard for Infant Walkers; (4) 16 CFR part 1217, Safety Standard for Toddler Beds; (5) 16 CFR part 1219, Safety Standard for Full-Size Baby Cribs; (6) 16 CFR part 1220, Safety Standard for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs; (7) 16 CFR part 1221, Safety Standard for Play Yards; (8) 16 CFR part 1223, Safety Standard for Infant Swings; (9) 16 CFR part 1224, Safety Standard for Portable Bed Rails; (10) 16 CFR part 1303, Ban of Lead-Containing Paint and Certain Consumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint. For its accreditation to be accepted by the Commission to test to 16 CFR part 1303, a third party conformity assessment body must have one or more of the following test methods referenced in its statement of scope: (i) CPSC Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Lead (Pb) in Paint and Other Similar Surface Coatings, CPSC-CH-E1003-09; (ii) CPSC Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Lead (Pb) in Paint and Other Similar Surface Coatings, CPSC-CH-E1003-09.1; (iii) ASTM F2853-10, ``Standard Test Method for Determination of Lead in Paint Layers and Similar Coatings or in Substrates and Homogenous Materials by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry Using Multiple Monochromatic Excitation Beams.'' (11) 16 CFR part 1420, Safety Standard for All-Terrain Vehicles; (12) 16 CFR 1500.86(a)(5), Exceptions from Classification as a Banned Toy or Other Banned Article for Use by Children (Clacker Balls); (13) 16 CFR 1500.86(a)(7) and (8), Exceptions from Classification as a Banned Toy or Other Banned Article for Use by Children (Dive Sticks and Similar Articles); (14) 16 CFR part 1501, Method for Identifying Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use by Children Under 3 Years of Age Which Present Choking, Aspiration, or Ingestion Hazards Because of Small Parts; (15) 16 CFR part 1505, Requirements for Electrically Operated Toys or Other Electrically Operated Articles Intended for Use by Children; (16) 16 CFR part 1510, Requirements for Rattles; (17) 16 CFR part 1511, Requirements for Pacifiers; (18) 16 CFR part 1512, Requirements for Bicycles; (19) 16 CFR part 1513, Requirements for Bunk Beds; (20) 16 CFR part 1610, Standard for the Flammability of Clothing Textiles; (21) 16 CFR part 1611, Standard for the Flammability of Vinyl Plastic Film; (22) 16 CFR part 1615, Standard for the Flammability of Children's Sleepwear: Sizes 0 Through 6X (FF 3-71); (23) 16 CFR part 1616, Standard for the Flammability of Children's Sleepwear: Sizes 7 Through 14 (FF 5-74); (24) 16 CFR part 1630, Standard for the Surface Flammability of Carpets and Rugs (FF 1-70); (25) 16 CFR part 1631, Standard for the Surface Flammability of Small Carpets and Rugs (FF 2-70); (26) 16 CFR part 1632, Standard for the Flammability of Mattresses and Mattress Pads (FF 4-72, amended); (27) 16 CFR part 1633, Standard for the Flammability (Open Flame) of Mattress Sets; (28) Lead Content in Children's Metal Jewelry. For its accreditation to be accepted by the Commission to test for lead content in children's metal jewelry, a third party conformity assessment body must have one or more of the following test methods referenced in its statement of scope: (i) CPSC Test Method CPSC-CH-E1001-08, ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Total Lead (Pb) in Children's Metal Products (Including Children's Metal Jewelry)''; (ii) CPSC Test Method CPSC-CH-E1001-08.1, ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Total Lead (Pb) [[Page 200]] in Children's Metal Products (Including Children's Metal Jewelry)''; (iii) CPSC Test Method CPSC-CH-E1001-08.2, ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Total Lead (Pb) in Children's Metal Products (Including Children's Metal Jewelry)''; (iv) CPSC Test Method CPSC-CH-E1001-08.3, ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Total Lead (Pb) in Children's Metal Products (Including Children's Metal Jewelry)''; (v) Section I, ``Screening Test for Total Pb Analysis,'' from CPSC ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Lead (Pb) and its Availability in Children's Metal Jewelry,'' February 3, 2005; (29) Limits on Total Lead in Children's Products: Children's Metal Products. For its accreditation to be accepted by the Commission to test for total lead content in children's metal products, a third party conformity assessment body must have one or more of the following test methods referenced in its statement of scope: (i) CPSC Test Method CPSC-CH-E1001-08, ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Total Lead (Pb) in Children's Metal Products (Including Children's Metal Jewelry)''; (ii) CPSC Test Method CPSC-CH-E1001-08.1, ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Total Lead (Pb) in Children's Metal Products (Including Children's Metal Jewelry)''; (iii) CPSC Test Method CPSC-CH-E1001-08.2, ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Total Lead (Pb) in Children's Metal Products (Including Children's Metal Jewelry)''; (iv) CPSC Test Method CPSC-CH-E1001-08.3, ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Total Lead (Pb) in Children's Metal Products (Including Children's Metal Jewelry)''; (30) Limits on Total Lead in Children's Products: Nonmetal Children's Products. For its accreditation to be accepted by the Commission to test for lead content in nonmetal children's products, a third party conformity assessment body must have one or more of the following test methods referenced in its statement of scope: (i) CPSC Test Method CPSC-CH-E1002-08, ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Total Lead (Pb) in Nonmetal Children's Products''; (ii) CPSC Test Method CPSC-CH-E1002-08.1, ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Total Lead (Pb) in Nonmetal Children's Products''; (iii) CPSC Test Method CPSC-CH-E1002-08.2, ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Total Lead (Pb) in Nonmetal Children's Products''; (iv) CPSC Test Method CPSC-CH-E1002-08.3, ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Total Lead (Pb) in Nonmetal Children's Products''; (31) 16 CFR part 1307, Prohibition of Children's Toys and Child Care Articles Containing Specified Phthalates. For its accreditation to be accepted by the Commission to test for phthalates in children's toys and child care articles, a third party conformity assessment body must have one or more of the following test methods referenced in its statement of scope: (i) CPSC Test Method CPSC-CH-C1001-09.4, ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determination of Phthalates''; (ii) GB/T 22048-2008, ``Toys and Children's Products--Determination of Phthalate Plasticizers in Polyvinyl Chloride Plastic''; (32) 16 CFR part 1250, safety standard for toys. The CPSC only requires certain provisions of ASTM F963-17 to be subject to third party testing; and therefore, the CPSC only accepts the accreditation of third party conformity assessment bodies for testing under the following toy safety standards: (i) [Reserved] (ii) ASTM F963-17: (A) Section 4.3.5.1(2), Surface Coating Materials--Soluble Test for Metals (B) Section 4.3.5.2, Toy Substrate Materials (C) Section 4.3.6.3, Cleanliness of Liquids, Pastes, Putties, Gels, and Powders (except for cosmetics and tests on formulations used to prevent microbial degradation) (D) Section 4.3.7, Stuffing Materials (E) Section 4.5, Sound Producing Toys (F) Section 4.6, Small Objects (except labeling and/or instructional literature requirements) (G) Section 4.7, Accessible Edges (except labeling and/or instructional literature equirements) [[Page 201]] (H) Section 4.8, Projections (except bath toy projections) (I) Section 4.9, Accessible Points (except labeling and/or instructional literature requirements) (J) Section 4.10, Wires or Rods (K) Section 4.11, Nails and Fasteners (L) Section 4.12, Plastic Film (M) Section 4.13, Folding Mechanisms and Hinges (N) Section 4.14, Cords, Straps, and Elastics (O) Section 4.15, Stability and Overload Requirements (P) Section 4.16, Confined Spaces (Q) Section 4.17, Wheels, Tires, and Axles (R) Section 4.18, Holes, Clearances, and Accessibility of Mechanisms (S) Section 4.19, Simulated Protective Devices (except labeling and/ or instructional literature requirements) (T) Section 4.20.1, Pacifiers with Rubber Nipples/Nitrosamine Test (U) Section 4.20.2, Toy Pacifiers (V) Section 4.21, Projectile Toys (W) Section 4.22, Teethers and Teething Toys (X) Section 4.23.1, Rattles with Nearly Spherical, Hemispherical, or Circular Flared Ends (Y) Section 4.24, Squeeze Toys (Z) Section 4.25, Battery-Operated Toys (except labeling and/or instructional literature requirements) (AA) Section 4.26, Toys Intended to Be Attached to a Crib or Playpen (except labeling and/or instructional literature requirements) (BB) Section 4.27, Stuffed and Beanbag-Type Toys (CC) Section 4.30, Toy Gun Marking (DD) Section 4.32, Certain Toys with Nearly Spherical Ends (EE) Section 4.35, Pompoms (FF) Section 4.36, Hemispheric-Shaped Objects (GG) Section 4.37, Yo-Yo Elastic Tether Toys (HH) Section 4.38, Magnets (except labeling and/or instructional literature requirements) (II) Section 4.39, Jaw Entrapment in Handles and Steering Wheels (JJ) Section 4.40, Expanding Materials (KK) Section 4.41, Toy Chests (except labeling and/or instructional literature requirements) (33) 16 CFR part 1218, Safety Standard for Bassinets and Cradles. (34) 16 CFR part 1225, Safety Standard for Hand-Held Infant Carriers. (35) 16 CFR part 1222, Safety Standard for Bedside Sleepers. (36) 16 CFR part 1227, Safety Standard for Carriages and Strollers. (37) 16 CFR part 1226, Safety Standard for Soft Infant and Toddler Carriers. (38) 16 CFR part 1230, Safety Standard for Frame Child Carriers. (39) 16 CFR part 1228, Safety Standard for Sling Carriers. (40) 16 CFR part 1233, Safety Standard for Portable Hook-On Chairs. (41) 16 CFR part 1234, Safety Standard for Infant Bath Tubs. (42) 16 CFR part 1229, Safety Standard for Infant Bouncer Seats. (43) 16 CFR part 1232, Safety Standard for Children's Folding Chairs and Children's Folding Stools. (44) 16 CFR part 1231, Safety Standard for High Chairs. (45) 16 CFR part 1235, Safety Standard for Baby Changing Products. (46) 16 CFR part 1236, Safety Standard for Infant Sleep Products. (47) 16 CFR part 1237, Safety Standard for Booster Seats. (48) 16 CFR part 1238, Safety Standard for Stationary Activity Centers. (49) 16 CFR part 1239, Safety Standard for Gates and Enclosures. (50) 16 CFR part 1241, Safety Standard for Crib Mattresses. (51) [Reserved] (52) 16 CFR part 1262, Safety Standard for Magnets. (c) The Director of the Federal Register approves the incorporations by reference in paragraph (b) of this section in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may inspect a copy of the standards incorporated in this section at the Office of the Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone 301-504-7923, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http:// www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ ibr_locations.html. [[Page 202]] (1) ASTM International, 100 Bar Harbor Drive, P.O. Box 0700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428: http://www.astm.org. (i) ASTM F2853-10, ``Standard Test Method for Determination of Lead in Paint Layers and Similar Coatings or in Substrates and Homogenous Materials by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry Using Multiple Monochromatic Excitation Beams,'' July 1, 2010; (ii) ASTM F963-17, ``Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety,'' May 1, 2017. (2) Code of China, Room 2118, New Fortune International Plaza, No.71 Chaoyang Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100123, China: http:// www.codeofchina.com/. (i) GB/T 22048-2008, National Standard of the People's Republic of China, ``Toys and Children's Products--Determination of Phthalate Plasticizers in Polyvinyl Chloride Plastic,'' June 18, 2008; (ii) [Reserved] (3) CPSC National Product Testing and Evaluation Center, 5 Research Place, Rockville, MD 20850; www.cpsc.gov. (i) CPSC-CH-C1001-9.4, ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determination of Phthalates'', January 17, 2018; (ii) CPSC-CH-E1001-08, ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Total Lead (Pb) in Children's Metal Products (Including Children's Metal Jewelry)'', December 4, 2008; (iii) CPSC-CH-E1001-08.1, ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Total Lead (Pb) in Children's Metal Products (Including Children's Metal Jewelry), Revision'', June 21, 2010; (iv) CPSC-CH-E1001-08.2, ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Total Lead (Pb) in Children's Metal Products (Including Children's Metal Jewelry), Revision'', April 10, 2012; (v) CPSC-CH-E1001-08.3, ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Total Lead (Pb) in Children's Metal Products (Including Children's Metal Jewelry) Revision'', November 15, 2012; (vi) CPSC-CH-E1002-08, ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Total Lead (Pb) in Non-metal Children's Products'', February 1, 2009; (vii) CPSC-CH-E1002-08.1, ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Total Lead (Pb) in Non-metal Children's Products, Revised'', June 21, 2010; (viii) CPSC-CH-E1002-08.2, ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Total Lead (Pb) in Nonmetal Children's Products, Revision'', April 10, 2012; (ix) CPSC-CH-E1002-08.3, ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Total Lead (Pb) in Non-metal Children's Products, Revision'', November 15, 2012; (x) CPSC-CH-E1003-09, ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Lead (Pb) in Paint and Other Similar Surface Coatings'', April 26, 2009; (xi) CPSC-CH-E1003-09.1, ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Lead (Pb) in Paint and Other Similar Surface Coatings'', February 25, 2011; (xii) CPSC ``Standard Operating Procedure for Determining Lead (Pb) and its Availability in Children's Metal Jewelry'', February 3, 2005. [78 FR 15859, Mar. 12, 2013] Editorial Note: For Federal Register citations affecting Sec. 1112.15, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.govinfo.gov. Effective Date Notes: 1. At 87 FR 72659, Nov. 25, 2022, Sec. 1112.15 was amended by adding reserved paragraph (b)(53) and paragraph (b)(54), effective May 24, 2023. For the convenience of the user, the added text is set forth as follows: Sec. 1112.15 When can a third party conformity assessment body apply for CPSC acceptance for a particular CPSC rule or test method? * * * * * (b) * * * (54) 16 CFR part 1261, Safety Standard for Clothing Storage Units. * * * * * 2. At 87 FR 73189, Nov. 28, 2022, Sec. 1112.15 was amended by adding paragraph (b)(53), effective May 30, 2023. For the convenience of the user, the added text is set forth as follows: Sec. 1112.15 When can a third party conformity assessment body apply for CPSC acceptance for a particular CPSC rule or test method? * * * * * [[Page 203]] (b) * * * (53) 16 CFR part 1260, Safety Standard for Operating Cords on Custom Window Coverings. * * * * * Sec. 1112.17 How will the CPSC respond to each application? (a) The CPSC staff will review each application and may contact the third party conformity assessment body with questions or to request submission of missing information. (b) The application of a firewalled third party conformity assessment body will be accepted by order of the Commission, if the Commission finds that: (1) Acceptance of the accreditation of the third party conformity assessment body would provide equal or greater consumer safety protection than the manufacturer's or private labeler's use of an independent third party third party conformity assessment body; and (2) The third party conformity assessment body has established procedures to ensure that: (i) Its test results are protected from undue influence by the manufacturer, private labeler, or other interested party; (ii) The CPSC is notified immediately of any attempt by the manufacturer, private labeler, or other interested party to hide or exert undue influence over test results; and (iii) Allegations of undue influence may be reported confidentially to the CPSC. (c) The CPSC will communicate its decision on each application in writing to the applicant, which may be by electronic mail. Sec. 1112.19 How does the CPSC publish information identifying third party conformity assessment bodies that have been accepted? The CPSC will maintain on its Web site an up-to-date listing of third party conformity assessment bodies whose accreditations it has accepted and the scope of each acceptance. The CPSC will update the listing regularly to account for changes, such as the addition of new CPSC rules and/or test methods to its scope of accreditation, changes to accreditation certificates, new addresses, as well as changes to the status of a third party conformity assessment body due to voluntary discontinuance, suspension, and/or withdrawal. The CPSC will also list the firewalled or governmental status of accepted laboratories on the CPSC Web site. Sec. 1112.21 May a third party conformity assessment body use testing methods other than those specified in the relevant CPSC rule or test method? If the CPSC has specified a test method, a third party conformity assessment body must use that test method for any tests conducted for purposes of section 14 of the CPSA. Sec. 1112.23 May a CSPC-accepted third party conformity assessment body subcontract work conducted for purposes of section 14 of the CPSA? (a) A CPSC-accepted third party conformity assessment body (which, for purposes of this section, also will be referred to as the prime contractor) may only subcontract work conducted for purposes of section 14 of the CPSA to other third party conformity assessment bodies whose accreditation has been accepted by the CPSC for the scope necessary for the subcontracted work. Violation of this provision constitutes compromising the integrity of the testing process and may be grounds for withdrawal of the CPSC's acceptance of the accreditation of the prime and/or subcontracting third party conformity assessment body. (b) The provisions of this part apply to all CPSC-accepted third party conformity assessment bodies, even if they are a prime contractor and/or a subcontractor. Sec. 1112.25 What are a third party conformity assessment body's recordkeeping responsibilities? (a) The third party conformity assessment body must maintain the following records, which must be legible: (1) All test reports and technical records related to tests conducted for purposes of section 14 of the CPSA must be maintained for a period of at least five years from the date the test was conducted; [[Page 204]] (2) In the case of a test report for a test conducted by a CPSC- accepted third party conformity assessment body acting as a subcontractor, the prime contractor's test report must clearly identify which test(s) was performed by a CPSC-accepted third party conformity assessment body acting as a subcontractor(s), and the test report from the CPSC-accepted third party conformity assessment body acting as a subcontractor must be available upon request by CPSC. (3) Where a report, for purposes of section 14 of the CPSA, provided by the third party conformity assessment body to a customer is different from the test record, the third party conformity assessment body also must retain the report provided to the customer for a period of at least five years from the date the test was conducted. (4) Any and all third party conformity assessment body internal documents describing testing protocols and procedures (such as instructions, standards, manuals, guides, and reference data) that have applied to a test conducted for purposes of section 14 of the CPSA must be retained for a period of at least five years from the date such test was conducted. (b) Upon request by the CPSC, the third party conformity assessment body must make any and all of the records required by this section available for inspection, either in hard copy or electronically, such as through an Internet Web site. If the records are not in the English language, the third party conformity assessment body must make copies of the original (non-English language) available to the CPSC within 48 hours, and they must make an English translation of the records available to the CPSC within 30 calendar days of the date the CPSC requested an English translation. Sec. 1112.27 Must a third party conformity assessment body allow CPSC inspections related to investigations? A third party conformity assessment body, as a condition of the continued CPSC-acceptance of its accreditation, must allow an officer or employee duly designated by the CPSC to enter and inspect the third party conformity assessment body for purposes of an investigation under this part. The CPSC will conduct such inspections in accordance with 16 CFR 1118.2. Failure to cooperate with such an inspection constitutes failure to cooperate with an investigation and is grounds for suspension under Sec. 1112.45. Sec. 1112.29 How does a third party conformity assessment body voluntarily discontinue its participation with the CPSC? (a) A third party conformity assessment body may voluntarily discontinue participation as a CPSC-accepted third party conformity assessment body at any time and for any portion of its scope that is accepted by the CPSC. The third party conformity assessment body must notify the CPSC, in writing, which may be electronic. The notice must include: (1) Name, address, phone number, electronic mail address for the third party conformity assessment body and the person responsible for submitting the request; (2) Scope of the discontinuance; (3) Beginning date for the discontinuance; (4) Statement that the third party conformity assessment body understands that it must reapply for acceptance of the accreditation scope for which it is requesting discontinuance; and (5) Verification that the person requesting the discontinuance has the authority to make such a request on behalf of the third party conformity assessment body. (b) The CPSC may verify the information submitted in a notice of voluntary discontinuance. (c) Upon receipt of a notice from a third party conformity assessment body that it wishes to discontinue voluntarily as a CPSC- accepted third party conformity assessment body, or after verifying the information in a notice, the CPSC will update its Web site to indicate that the CPSC no longer accepts the accreditation of the third party conformity assessment body for the scope indicated, as of the date provided in the notice. [[Page 205]] (d) Notwithstanding a third party conformity assessment body's voluntary discontinuance as a CPSC-accepted third party conformity assessment body, the CPSC may begin or continue an investigation related to an adverse action under this part, or other legal action. Subpart C_Audit Requirements for Third Party Conformity Assessment Bodies Sec. 1112.30 What is the purpose of this subpart? This subpart establishes the audit requirements for third party conformity assessment bodies pursuant to section 14(i)(1) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) (15 U.S.C. 2063(i)(1)). Compliance with these requirements is a condition of the continuing accreditation of such third party conformity assessment bodies pursuant to section 14(a)(3)(C) of the CPSA. However, this subpart does not apply to certifying organizations under the Labeling of Hazardous Art Materials Act, even if such organizations are third party conformity assessment bodies. Sec. 1112.31 Who is subject to these audit requirements? Except for certifying organizations described in 16 CFR 1500.14(b)(8), these audit requirements apply to third party conformity assessment bodies operating pursuant to section 14(a)(2) of the CPSA. Third party conformity assessment bodies must comply with the audit requirements as a continuing condition of the CPSC's acceptance of their accreditation. Sec. 1112.33 What must an audit address or cover and who conducts the audit? (a) The reassessment portion of an audit must cover management requirements and technical requirements. Each reassessment portion of an audit also must examine the third party conformity assessment body's management systems to ensure that the third party conformity assessment body is free from any undue influence regarding its technical judgment. (b) The third party conformity assessment body must have the reassessment portion of the audit conducted by the same accreditation body that accredited the third party conformity assessment body. For example, if a third party conformity assessment body was accredited by an accreditation body named AB-1, then AB-1 would conduct the reassessment. If, however, the same third party conformity assessment body changes its accreditation so that it becomes accredited by a different accreditation body named AB-2, then AB-2 would conduct the reassessment. (c) The third party conformity assessment body must have the examination portion of the audit conducted by the CPSC. The examination portion of the audit will consist of resubmission of the ``Consumer Product Conformity Assessment Body Acceptance Registration Form'' (CPSC Form 223) by the third party conformity assessment body and the CPSC's examination of the resubmitted CPSC Form 223. (1) For ``firewalled'' conformity assessment bodies, the CPSC's examination may include verification to ensure that the ``firewalled'' conformity assessment body continues to meet the criteria set forth in section 14(f)(2)(D) of the CPSA. (2) For government-owned or government-controlled conformity assessment bodies, the CPSC's examination may include verification to ensure that the government-owned or government-controlled conformity assessment body continues to meet the criteria set forth in section 14(f)(2)(B) of the CPSA. Sec. 1112.35 When must an audit be conducted? (a) At a minimum, each third party conformity assessment body must be reassessed at the frequency established by its accreditation body. (b) For the examination portion of the audit, which is conducted by the CPSC: (1) Each third party conformity assessment body must submit a CPSC Form 223 for audit purposes no less than every two years. When a CPSC Form 223 is submitted for audit purposes, the third party conformity assessment body must submit any accompanying documentation that would be required if it were a new application. [[Page 206]] (2) Under Sec. 1112.13(a)(1), a third party conformity assessment body must submit a new CPSC Form 223 whenever the information supplied on the form changes. In the event that the third party conformity assessment body submits a new CPSC Form 223 to provide updated information, the third party conformity assessment body may elect to have the new CPSC Form 223 satisfy the requirement of paragraph (b)(1) of this section. If the third party conformity assessment body intends to have the new CPSC Form 223 treated as its submission for audit purposes, the third party conformity assessment body must make that intention clear upon submission, and it must submit any accompanying documentation that would be required if it were a new application. (3) At least 30 days prior to the date by which a third party conformity assessment body must submit a CPSC Form 223 for audit purposes, the CPSC will notify the body in writing, which may be electronic, of the impending audit deadline. A third party conformity assessment body may request an extension of the deadline for the examination portion of the audit, but it must indicate how much additional time is requested and explain why such an extension is warranted. The CPSC will notify the third party conformity assessment body whether its request for an extension has been granted. [77 FR 31084, May 24, 2012, as amended at 78 FR 15865, Mar. 12, 2013] Sec. 1112.37 What must a third party conformity assessment body do after an audit? (a) When the accreditation body presents its findings to the third party conformity assessment body, the third party conformity assessment body's quality manager must receive the findings and, if necessary, initiate corrective action in response to the findings. (b) The quality manager must prepare a resolution report identifying the corrective actions taken and any follow-up activities. If findings indicate that immediate corrective action is necessary, the quality manager must document that they notified the relevant parties within the third party conformity assessment body to take immediate corrective action and also document the action(s) taken. (c) If the accreditation body decides to reduce, suspend, or withdraw the third party conformity assessment body's accreditation, and the reduction, suspension, or withdrawal of accreditation is relevant to the third party conformity assessment body's activities pertaining to a CPSC regulation or test method, the quality manager must notify the CPSC. Such notification must be sent to the Assistant Executive Director, Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction, Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, within five business days of the accreditation body's notification to the third party conformity assessment body. (d) If the CPSC finds that the third party conformity assessment body no longer meets the conditions specified in CPSC Form 223, or in the relevant statutory provisions applicable to that third party conformity assessment body, the CPSC will notify the third party conformity assessment body, identify the condition or statutory provision that is no longer met, and specify a time by which the third party conformity assessment body shall notify the CPSC of the steps it intends to take to correct the deficiency, and indicate when it will complete such steps. The quality manager must document that they notified the relevant parties within the third party conformity assessment body to take corrective action and also document the action(s) taken. (e) If the third party conformity assessment body fails to remedy the deficiency in a timely fashion, the CPSC shall take whatever action it deems appropriate under the circumstances, up to and including withdrawing the CPSC's accreditation of the third party conformity assessment body or the CPSC's acceptance of the third party conformity assessment body's accreditation. Sec. 1112.39 What records should a third party conformity assessment body retain regarding an audit? A third party conformity assessment body must retain all records related to [[Page 207]] an audit that it receives from an accreditation body regarding a reassessment and all records pertaining to the third party conformity assessment body's resolution of, or plans for, resolving nonconformities identified through a reassessment by an accreditation body or through an examination by the CPSC. A third party conformity assessment body also must retain such records related to the last three reassessments (or however many reassessments have been conducted, if the third party conformity assessment body has been reassessed less than three times) and make such records available to the CPSC, upon request. Subpart D_Adverse Actions: Types, Grounds, Allegations, Procedural Requirements, and Publication Source: 78 FR 15865, Mar. 12, 2013, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1112.41 What are the possible adverse actions the CPSC may take against a third party conformity assessment body? (a) Potential adverse actions against a third party conformity assessment body include: (1) Denial of Acceptance of Accreditation; (2) Suspension of Acceptance of Accreditation; or (3) Withdrawal of Acceptance of Accreditation. (b) Withdrawal of acceptance of accreditation can be on a temporary or permanent basis, and the CPSC may immediately withdraw its acceptance in accordance with Sec. 1112.53. Sec. 1112.43 What are the grounds for denial of an application? (a) The CPSC may deny an application for any of the following reasons: (1) Failure to complete all information, and/or attestations, and/or failure to provide accompanying documentation, required in connection with an application within 30 days after notice of a deficiency by the CPSC; (2) Submission of false or misleading information concerning a material fact(s) on an application, any materials accompanying an application, or on any other information provided to the CPSC related to a third party conformity assessment body's ability to become or to remain a CPSC-accepted third party conformity assessment body; or (3) Failure to satisfy necessary requirements described in Sec. 1112.13, such as ISO/IEC 17025:2017(E) accreditation by a ILAC-MRA signatory accreditation body for the CPSC scope for which acceptance of accreditation is being sought. (b) The CPSC's denial of an application will follow the process described in Sec. 1112.51. [78 FR 15865, Mar. 12, 2013, as amended at 86 FR 22866, Apr. 30, 2021] Sec. 1112.45 What are the grounds for suspension of CPSC acceptance? (a) The CPSC may suspend its acceptance of a third party conformity assessment body's accreditation for any portion of its scope when the third party conformity assessment body fails to cooperate with an investigation under section 14 of the CPSA. A third party conformity assessment body ``fails to cooperate'' when it does not respond to CPSC inquiries or requests, or it responds in a manner that is unresponsive, evasive, deceptive, or substantially incomplete, or when it fails to cooperate with an investigatory inspection under Sec. 1112.27. (b) Suspension lasts until the third party conformity assessment body complies, to the satisfaction of the CPSC, with required actions, as outlined in the notice described in Sec. 1112.51(b), or until the CPSC withdraws its acceptance of the third party conformity assessment body. (c) If the CPSC determines that the third party conformity assessment body is cooperating sufficiently with the CPSC's investigation, the CPSC will lift the suspension. The suspension will lift as of the date of the CPSC's written notification to the third party conformity assessment body that the CPSC is lifting the suspension. The written notification may be by electronic mail. [[Page 208]] Sec. 1112.47 What are the grounds for withdrawal of CPSC acceptance? (a) A manufacturer, private labeler, governmental entity, or other interested party has exerted undue influence on such third party conformity assessment body or otherwise interfered with or compromised the integrity of the testing process. (b) The third party conformity assessment body failed to comply with an applicable protocol, standard, or requirement under subpart C of this part. (c) The third party conformity assessment body failed to comply with any provision in subpart B of this part. Sec. 1112.49 How may a person submit information alleging grounds for adverse action, and what information should be submitted? (a) Initiating information. Any person may submit information to the Commission, such as by writing to the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, or by sending electronic mail to: [email protected]. The submission must allege that one or more of the grounds for adverse action set forth in this part exists. Any request for confidentiality must be indicated clearly in the submission. The submission should include: (1) Contact information, including a name and/or a method by which the CPSC may contact the person providing the information; (2) Identification of the third party conformity assessment body against whom the allegation is being made, identification of any officials or employees of the third party conformity assessment body relevant to the allegation, and contact information for such individuals. (3) Identification of any manufacturers, distributors, importers, private labelers, and/or governmental entities relevant to the allegation. The submission also should identify any officials or employees of the manufacturers, distributors, importers, private labelers, or governmental entities relevant to the allegation, and contact information for such individuals. (4) Description of acts and/or omissions to support each asserted ground for adverse action. Generally, the submission should describe, in detail, the basis for the allegation that grounds for adverse action against a third party conformity assessment body exists. In addition to a description of the acts and omissions and their significance, a description may include: dates, times, persons, companies, governmental entities, locations, products, tests, test results, equipment, supplies, frequency of occurrence, and negative outcomes. When possible, the submission should attach documents, records, photographs, correspondence, notes, electronic mails, or any other information that supports the basis for the allegations; (5) Description of the impact of the acts and/or omissions, where known. (b) Review of initiating information. Upon receiving the information, the CPSC will review the information to determine if it is sufficient to warrant an investigation. The CPSC may deem the information insufficient to warrant an investigation if the information fails to address adequately the categories of information outlined in paragraph (a) of this section. Sec. 1112.51 What are the procedures relevant to adverse actions? (a) Investigation. (1) Investigations under this part are investigations into grounds for an adverse action against a third party conformity assessment body. (2) The Commission will use its Procedures for Investigations, Inspections, and Inquiries, 16 CFR part 1118, subpart A, to investigate under this part. (3) An investigation under this part may include any act the CPSC takes to verify the accuracy, veracity, and/or completeness of information received in connection with an application for acceptance of accreditation, a submission alleging grounds for an adverse action, or any other information received by the CPSC that relates to a third party conformity assessment body's ability to become or remain a CPSC-accepted third party conformity assessment body. (4) The CPSC will begin an investigation under this part by providing written notice, which may be electronic, to the third party conformity assessment body. The notice will inform the third [[Page 209]] party conformity assessment body that the CPSC has received information sufficient to warrant an investigation, and it will describe the information received by the CPSC and the CPSC's investigative process. The notice also will inform the third party conformity assessment body that failure to cooperate with a CPSC investigation is grounds for suspension under Sec. 1112.45. (5) The notice sent by the CPSC under Sec. 1112.35(b)(3) informing the third party conformity assessment body that it must submit a CPSC Form 223 for audit purposes, which may be electronic, constitutes notice of investigation for purposes of this section. The examination portion of an audit under Sec. 1112.33(c) constitutes an investigation for purposes of this section. (b) Initial notice. If, after investigation, the CPSC determines that grounds for adverse action exist and proposes to take an adverse action against a third party conformity assessment body, the CPSC will notify the third party conformity assessment body, in writing, which may be electronic, about the proposed adverse action. If the proposed adverse action is suspension or withdrawal, the notice formally begins a proceeding to suspend or withdraw, as described in section 14(e) of the CPSA. The notice will contain: (1) The proposed adverse action; (2) Specific grounds on which the proposed adverse action is based; (3) Findings of fact to support the proposed adverse action; (4) When appropriate, specific actions a third party conformity assessment body must take to avoid an adverse action; (5) When the proposed adverse action is withdrawal, consideration of the criteria set forth in paragraph (d)(1) of this section; (6) The time period by which a third party conformity assessment body has to respond to the notice. In general, the notice will inform the third party conformity assessment body that it has 30 calendar days to respond. A third party conformity assessment body may request an extension of the response time, but they must explain why such an extension is warranted and the amount of additional time needed for a response; and (7) Except under Sec. 1112.53, a CPSC-accepted third party conformity assessment body may continue to conduct tests for purposes of section 14 of the CPSA until a Final Notice of adverse action is issued. (c) Third party conformity assessment body response to initial notice. A third party conformity assessment body's response must be submitted in writing, in English, and may be in the form of electronic mail. The response may include, but is not limited to, an explanation or refutation of material facts upon which the Commission's proposed action is based, supported by documents or sworn affidavit; results of any internal review of the matter and action(s) taken as a result; or a detailed plan and schedule for an internal review. The written response must state the third party conformity assessment body's reasons why the ground(s) for adverse action does not exist, or why the CPSC should not pursue the proposed adverse action, or any portion of the proposed adverse action. If a third party conformity assessment body responds to the notice in a timely manner, the CPSC will review the response, and, if necessary, investigate further to explore or resolve issues bearing on whether grounds exist for adverse action and the nature of the proposed adverse action. If a third party conformity assessment body does not respond to the notice in a timely manner, the CPSC may proceed without further delay to a Final Notice, as described in paragraph (e) of this section. (d) Proceeding. (1) In any proceeding to withdraw the CPSC's acceptance of a third party conformity assessment body's accreditation, the CPSC will consider the gravity of the third party conformity assessment body's action or failure to act, including: (i) Whether the action or failure to act resulted in injury, death, or the risk of injury or death; (ii) Whether the action or failure to act constitutes an isolated incident or represents a pattern or practice; and (iii) Whether and when the third party conformity assessment body initiated remedial action. [[Page 210]] (2) In all cases, the CPSC will review and take under advisement the response provided by the third party conformity assessment body. Except for cases under paragraph (d)(3) of this section, the CPSC will determine what action is appropriate under the circumstances. (3) If, after reviewing and taking under advisement the response provided by a CPSC-accepted firewalled third party conformity assessment body, the CPSC staff concludes that suspension or withdrawal of CPSC acceptance of accreditation is appropriate, staff will transmit its recommendation to the Commission for consideration. Any suspension or withdrawal of CPSC acceptance of accreditation of a firewalled third party conformity assessment body (including immediate and temporary withdrawal under Sec. 1112.53) will be by order of the Commission. (4) The CPSC may withdraw its acceptance of the accreditation of a third party conformity assessment body on a permanent or temporary basis. (5) If the CPSC withdraws its acceptance of the accreditation of a third party conformity assessment body, the CPSC may establish conditions for the reacceptance of the accreditation of the third party conformity assessment body, under section 14(e)(2)(B)(ii) of the CPSA. Any such conditions would be related to the reason(s) for the withdrawal. (e) Final notice. If, after reviewing a third party conformity assessment body's response to a notice and conducting additional investigation, where necessary, the CPSC determines that grounds for adverse action exist, it will send a Final Notice to the third party conformity assessment body, in writing, which may be electronic. The Final Notice will state: (1) The adverse action that the CPSC is taking; (2) Specific grounds on which the adverse action is based; (3) Findings of fact that support the adverse action; (4) When the adverse action is withdrawal, consideration of the criteria as set forth in paragraph (d)(1) of this section; (5) When the adverse action is withdrawal, whether the withdrawal is temporary or permanent, and if temporary, the duration of the withdrawal; (6) The third party conformity assessment body's accreditation is not accepted by the Commission as of the date of the Final Notice of denial, suspension, or withdrawal, for specified portion(s) of its CPSC scope. The CPSC Web site will be updated to reflect adverse actions to any previously CPSC-accepted third party conformity assessment bodies; and (7) Whether the third party conformity assessment body may submit a new application. (f) Possible actions after final notice. Upon receipt of a Final Notice, a third party conformity assessment body, as applicable, may: (1) If the Final Notice indicates such, the third party conformity assessment body may submit a new application; or (2) File an Administrative Appeal. (g) Administrative appeal. (1) Except for paragraph (g)(2) of this section, the third party conformity assessment body may file an Administrative Appeal with the Office of the Executive Director. (i) The Administrative Appeal must be sent, by mail, within 30 calendar days of the date on the Final Notice to: the Office of the Executive Director, Room 812, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, or by electronic mail to: [email protected]. (ii) All appeals must be in writing, and must be in English. (iii) All appeals must explain the nature and scope of the issues appealed from in the Final Decision, and must describe in detail the reasons why the third party conformity assessment body believes that no ground(s) for adverse action exist. (iv) If an Administrative Appeal is timely filed, the Executive Director will issue a Final Decision within 60 calendar days of receipt. If the Executive Director's Final Decision requires more than 60 calendar days, he or she will notify the third party conformity assessment body that more time is required, state the reason(s) why more [[Page 211]] time is required, and, if feasible, include an estimated date for a Final Decision to be issued. (2) In the case that the Commission has suspended or withdrawn its acceptance of the accreditation of a firewalled third party conformity assessment body, the firewalled third party conformity assessment body may file an Administrative Appeal with the Commission. (i) The Administrative Appeal must be sent, by mail, within 30 calendar days of the date on the Final Notice to: the Office of the Secretary, Room 820, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, or by electronic mail to: cpsc- [email protected]. (ii) All appeals must be in writing, and must be in English. (iii) All appeals must explain the nature of the issues appealed from in the Final Decision, and must describe in detail the reasons why the third party conformity assessment body believes that no ground(s) for adverse action exist. Sec. 1112.53 Can the CPSC immediately withdraw its acceptance of the accreditation of a third party conformity assessment body? (a) When it is in the public interest to protect health and safety, and notwithstanding any other provision of this part, the CPSC may withdraw immediately and temporarily its acceptance of a third party conformity assessment body's accreditation for any portion of its CPSC scope while the CPSC pursues an investigation and potential adverse action under Sec. 1112.51. (1) For purposes of this part, ``in the public interest to protect health and safety'' means that the CPSC has credible evidence that: (i) The integrity of test(s) being conducted under a scope for which the CPSC has accepted the third party conformity assessment body's accreditation, have been affected by undue influence or otherwise interfered with or compromised; and (ii) The scope for which the CPSC has accepted the third party conformity assessment body's accreditation involve a product(s) which, if noncompliant with CPSC rules, bans, standards, and/or regulations, constitutes an imminently hazardous consumer product under section 12 of the CPSA. (2) When presented with an allegation that, if credible, would result in immediate and temporary withdrawal of CPSC acceptance of a third party conformity assessment body's accreditation, the investigation and adverse action procedures described in Sec. 1112.51 apply, except that instead of the timeframes described in Sec. 1112.51, the following timeframes will apply when the CPSC pursues immediate and temporary withdrawal: (i) The Initial Notice will generally inform the third party conformity assessment body that it has 7 calendar days to respond. (ii) An administrative appeal of a Final Notice of immediate and temporary withdrawal will be timely if filed within 7 calendar days of the date of the Final Notice. (b) If the third party conformity assessment body is already the subject of an investigation or adverse action process under Sec. 1112.51, the immediate and temporary withdrawal will remain in effect until: the agency communicates in writing that the immediate and temporary withdrawal has been lifted; the investigation concludes and the agency does not propose an adverse action; or the adverse action process concludes with denial, suspension, or withdrawal. (c) If the third party conformity assessment body is not already the subject of an investigation or adverse action process under Sec. 1112.51, an investigation under Sec. 1112.51(a) will be launched based on the same information that justified the immediate and temporary withdrawal. Sec. 1112.55 Will the CPSC publish adverse actions? Immediately following a final adverse action, the CPSC may publish the fact of a final adverse action, the text of a final adverse action, or a summary of the substance of a final adverse action. After issuance of a final adverse action, the CPSC will amend its Web site listing of CPSC-accepted third party conformity assessment bodies to reflect the nature and scope of such adverse action. [[Page 212]] PART 1115_SUBSTANTIAL PRODUCT HAZARD REPORTS--Table of Contents Subpart A_General Interpretation Sec. 1115.1 Purpose. 1115.2 Scope and finding. 1115.3 Definitions. 1115.4 Defect. 1115.5 Reporting of failures to comply with a voluntary consumer product safety standard relied upon by the Commission under section 9 of the CPSA. 1115.6 Reporting of unreasonable risk of serious injury or death. 1115.7 Relation to other provisions. 1115.8 Compliance with product safety standards. 1115.9 [Reserved] 1115.10 Persons who must report and where to report. 1115.11 Imputed knowledge. 1115.12 Information which should be reported; evaluating substantial product hazard. 1115.13 Content and form of reports; delegations of authority. 1115.14 Time computations. 1115.15 Confidentiality and disclosure of data. Subpart B_Remedial Actions and Sanctions 1115.20 Voluntary remedial actions. 1115.21 Compulsory remedial actions. 1115.22 Prohibited acts and sanctions. Subpart C_Guidelines and Requirements for Mandatory Recall Notices 1115.23 Purpose. 1115.24 Applicability. 1115.25 Definitions. 1115.26 Guidelines and policies. 1115.27 Recall notice content requirements. 1115.28 Multiple products or models. 1115.29 Final determination regarding form and content. Appendix to Part 1115--Voluntary Standards on Which the Commission Has Relied Under Section 9 of the Consumer Product Safety Act Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2061, 2064, 2065, 2066(a), 2068, 2069, 2070, 2071, 2073, 2076, 2079 and 2084. Source: 43 FR 34998, Aug. 7, 1978, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_General Interpretation Sec. 1115.1 Purpose. The purpose of this part 1115 is to set forth the Consumer Product Safety Commission's (Commission's) interpretation of the reporting requirements imposed on manufacturers (including importers), distributors, and retailers by section 15(b) of the Consumer Product Safety Act, as amended (CPSA) (15 U.S.C. 2064(b)) and to indicate the actions and sanctions which the Commission may require or impose to protect the public from substantial product hazards, as that term is defined in section 15(a) of the CPSA. Sec. 1115.2 Scope and finding. (a) Section 15(a) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2064(a)) defines substantial product hazard as either: (1) A failure to comply with an applicable consumer product safety rule, which failure creates a substantial risk of injury to the public, or (2) A product defect which (because of the pattern of defect, the number of defective products distributed in commerce, the severity of the risk, or otherwise) creates a substantial risk of injury to the public. (b) Section 15(b) of the CPSA requires every manufacturer (including an importer), distributor, and retailer of a consumer product distributed in commerce who obtains information which reasonably supports the conclusion that the product fails to comply with an applicable consumer product safety rule, fails to comply with a voluntary consumer product safety standard upon which the Commission has relied under section 9 of the CPSA, contains a defect which could create a substantial product hazard described in subsection 15(a)(2) of the CPSA, or creates an unreasonable risk of serious injury or death, immediately to inform the Commission, unless the manufacturer (including an importer), distributor or retailer has actual knowledge that the Commission has been adequately informed of such failure to comply, defect, or risk. This provision indicates that a broad spectrum of safety related information should be reported under section 15(b) of the CPSA. [[Page 213]] (c) Sections 15 (c) and (d) of the CPSA, (15 U.S.C. 2064(c) and (d)), empower the Commission to order a manufacturer (including an importer), distributor, or retailer of a consumer product distributed in commerce that presents a substantial product hazard to give various forms of notice to the public of the defect or the failure to comply and/or to order the subject firm to elect either to repair, to replace, or to refund the purchase price of such product. However, information which should be reported under section 15(b) of the CPSA does not automatically indicate the presence of a substantial product hazard, because what must be reported under section 15(b) are failures to comply with consumer product safety rules or voluntary standards upon which the Commission has relied under section 9, defects that could create a substantial product hazard, and products which create an unreasonable risk of serious injury or death. (See Sec. 1115.12.) (d) The provisions of this part 1115 deal with all consumer products (including imports) subject to regulation under the Consumer Product Safety Act, as amended (15 U.S.C. 2051-2081) (CPSA), and the Refrigerator Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 1211-1214) (RSA). In addition, the Commission has found that risks of injury to the public from consumer products subject to regulation under the Flammable Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C. 1191-1204) (FFA), the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (15 U.S.C. 1261-1274) (FHSA), and the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 (15 U.S.C. 1471-1476) (PPPA) cannot be eliminated or reduced to a sufficient extent in a timely fashion under those acts. Therefore, pursuant to section 30(d) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2079(d)), manufacturers (including importers), distributors, and retailers of consumer products which are subject to regulation under provisions of the FFA, FHSA, and PPPA must comply with the reporting requirements of section 15(b). [43 FR 34998, Aug. 7, 1978, as amended at 57 FR 34227, Aug. 4, 1992] Sec. 1115.3 Definitions. In addition to the definitions given in section 3 of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2052), the following definitions apply: (a) Adequately informed under section 15(b) of the CPSA means that the Commission staff has received the information requested under Sec. Sec. 1115.12 and/or 1115.13 of this part insofar as it is reasonably available and applicable or that the staff has informed the subject firm that the staff is adequately informed. (b) Commission meeting means the joint deliberations of at least a majority of the Commission where such deliberations determine or result in the conduct or disposition of official Commission business. This term is synonymous with ``Commission meeting'' as defined in the Commission's regulation issued under the Government in the Sunshine Act, 16 CFR part 1012. (c) Noncompliance means the failure of a consumer product to comply with an applicable consumer product safety rule or with a voluntary consumer product safety standard upon which the Commission has relied under section 9 of the CPSA. (d) A person means a corporation, company, association, firm, partnership, society, joint stock company, or individual. (e) Staff means the staff of the Consumer Product Safety Commission unless otherwise stated. (f) Subject firm means any manufacturer (including an importer), distributor, or retailer of a consumer product. [43 FR 34998, Aug. 7, 1978, as amended at 57 FR 34227, Aug. 4, 1992] Sec. 1115.4 Defect. Section 15(b)(2) of the CPSA requires every manufacturer (including an importer), distributor, and retailer of a consumer product who obtains information which reasonably supports the conclusion that the product contains a defect which could create a substantial product hazard to inform the Commission of such defect. Thus, whether the information available reasonably suggests a defect is the first determination [[Page 214]] which a subject firm must make in deciding whether it has obtained information which must be reported to the Commission. In determining whether it has obtained information which reasonably supports the conclusion that its consumer product contains a defect, a subject firm may be guided by the criteria the Commission and staff use in determining whether a defect exists. At a minimum, defect includes the dictionary or commonly accepted meaning of the word. Thus, a defect is a fault, flaw, or irregularity that causes weakness, failure, or inadequacy in form or function. A defect, for example, may be the result of a manufacturing or production error; that is, the consumer product as manufactured is not in the form intended by, or fails to perform in accordance with, its design. In addition, the design of and the materials used in a consumer product may also result in a defect. Thus, a product may contain a defect even if the product is manufactured exactly in accordance with its design and specifications, if the design presents a risk of injury to the public. A design defect may also be present if the risk of injury occurs as a result of the operation or use of the product or the failure of the product to operate as intended. A defect can also occur in a product's contents, construction, finish, packaging, warnings, and/or instructions. With respect to instructions, a consumer product may contain a defect if the instructions for assembly or use could allow the product, otherwise safely designed and manufactured, to present a risk of injury. To assist subject firms in understanding the concept of defect as used in the CPSA, the following examples are offered: (a) An electric appliance presents a shock hazard because, through a manufacturing error, its casing can be electrically charged by full-line voltage. This product contains a defect as a result of manufacturing or production error. (b) Shoes labeled and marketed for long-distance running are so designed that they might cause or contribute to the causing of muscle or tendon injury if used for long-distance running. The shoes are defective due to the labeling and marketing. (c) A kite made of electrically conductive material presents a risk of electrocution if it is long enough to become entangled in power lines and be within reach from the ground. The electrically conductive material contributes both to the beauty of the kite and the hazard it presents. The kite contains a design defect. (d) A power tool is not accompanied by adequate instructions and safety warnings. Reasonably foreseeable consumer use or misuse, based in part on the lack of adequate instructions and safety warnings, could result in injury. Although there are no reports of injury, the product contains a defect because of the inadequate warnings and instructions. (e) An exhaust fan for home garages is advertised as activating when carbon monoxide fumes reach a dangerous level but does not exhaust when fumes have reached the dangerous level. Although the cause of the failure to exhaust is not known, the exhaust fan is defective because users rely on the fan to remove the fumes and the fan does not do so. However, not all products which present a risk of injury are defective. For example, a knife has a sharp blade and is capable of seriously injuring someone. This very sharpness, how- ever, is necessary if the knife is to function adequately. The knife does not contain a defect insofar as the sharpness of its blade is concerned, despite its potential for causing injury, because the risk of injury is outweighed by the usefulness of the product which is made possible by the same aspect which presents the risk of injury. In determining whether the risk of injury associated with a product is the type of risk which will render the product defective, the Commission and staff will consider, as appropriate: The utility of the product involved; the nature of the risk of injury which the product presents; the necessity for the product; the population exposed to the product and its risk of injury; the obviousness of such risk; the adequacy of warnings and instructions to mitigate such risk; the role of consumer misuse of the product and the foreseeability of [[Page 215]] such misuse; the Commission's own experience and expertise; the case law interpreting Federal and State public health and safety statutes; the case law in the area of products liability; and other factors relevant to the determination. If the information available to a subject firm does not reasonably support the conclusion that a defect exists, the subject firm need not report. However, if the information does reasonably support the conclusion that a defect exists, the subject firm must then consider whether that defect could create a substantial product hazard. (See Sec. 1115.12(f) for factors to be assessed in determining whether a substantial product hazard could exist.) If the subject firm determines that the defect could create a substantial product hazard, the subject firm must report to the Commission. Most defects could present a substantial product hazard if the public is exposed to significant numbers of defective products or if the possible injury is serious or is likely to occur. Since the extent of public exposure and/or the likelihood or seriousness of injury are ordinarily not known at the time a defect first manifests itself, subject firms are urged to report if in doubt as to whether a defect could present a substantial product hazard. On a case-by-case basis the Commission and the staff will determine whether a defect within the meaning of section 15 of the CPSA does, in fact, exist and whether that defect presents a substantial product hazard. Since a consumer product may be defective even if it is designed, manufactured, and marketed exactly as intended by a subject firm, subject firms should report if in doubt as to whether a defect exists. Defect, as discussed in this section and as used by the Commission and staff, pertains only to interpreting and enforcing the Consumer Product Safety Act. The criteria and discussion in this section are not intended to apply to any other area of the law. [43 FR 34998, Aug. 7, 1978, as amended at 71 FR 42030, July 25, 2006] Sec. 1115.5 Reporting of failures to comply with a voluntary consumer product safety standard relied upon by the Commission under section 9 of the CPSA. (a) General provision. Under the CPSA, the Commission may rely on voluntary standards in lieu of developing mandatory ones. In recognition of the role of voluntary standards under the CPSA, section 15(b)(1) requires reports if a product fails to comply with a voluntary standard ``upon which the Commission has relied under section 9'' of the CPSA. The Commission has relied upon a voluntary consumer product safety standard under section 9 of the CPSA if, since August 13, 1981 it has terminated a rulemaking proceeding or withdrawn an existing consumer product safety rule because it explicitly determined that an existing voluntary standard, or portion(s) thereof, is likely to result in an adequate reduction of the risk of injury and it is likely there will be substantial compliance with that voluntary standard. (See appendix to this part 1115 for a list of such voluntary standards.) This provision applies only when the Commission relies upon a voluntary standard in a rulemaking proceeding under section 9 of the CPSA. In evaluating whether or not to rely upon an existing voluntary standard, the Commission shall adhere to all the procedural safeguards currently required under the provisions of the CPSA, including publication in the Federal Register of the Commission's intent to rely upon a voluntary standard in order to provide the public with a fair opportunity to comment upon such proposed action. (b) Reporting requirement. A firm must report under this section if it has distributed in commerce, subsequent to the effective date of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 1990 (November 16, 1990), a product that does not conform to a voluntary standard or portion(s) of a voluntary standard relied upon by the Commission since August 13, 1981. If the Commission relied upon only a portion(s) of a voluntary standard, a firm must report under this section only nonconformance with the portion(s) of the voluntary standard relied upon by the [[Page 216]] Commission. Pursuant to section 7(b)(2) of the CPSA, the Commission shall monitor any modifications of a voluntary standard upon which it has relied and determine, as a matter of policy, at the time any substantive safety related modification is adopted, whether it shall continue to rely upon the former standard or whether it shall rely, subsequently, upon the modified standard. The Commission shall publish such decisions in the Federal Register. Until the Commission makes such a decision, subject firms need not report under this provision a product which complies with either the original version of the voluntary standard relied upon by the Commission or the new version of the standard. A firm must continue to evaluate whether deviations from other portions of a voluntary standard, or other voluntary standards not relied upon by the Commission, either constitute a defect which could create a substantial product hazard or create an unreasonable risk of serious injury or death. [57 FR 34228, Aug. 4, 1992; 57 FR 39597, Sept. 1, 1992] Sec. 1115.6 Reporting of unreasonable risk of serious injury or death. (a) General provision. Every manufacturer, distributor, and retailer of a consumer product distributed in commerce who obtains information which reasonably supports the conclusion that its product creates an unreasonable risk of serious injury or death is required to notify the Commission immediately. 15 U.S.C. 2064(b)(3). The requirement that notification occur when a responsible party ``obtains information which reasonably supports the conclusion that'' its product creates an unreasonable risk of serious injury or death is intended to require firms to report even when no final determination of the risk is possible. Firms must carefully analyze the information they obtain to determine whether such information ``reasonably supports'' a determination that the product creates an unreasonable risk of serious injury or death. (See Sec. 1115.12(f) for a discussion of the kinds of information that firms must study and evaluate to determine whether they have an obligation to report.) Firms that obtain information indicating that their products present an unreasonable risk of serious injury or death should not wait for such serious injury or death to actually occur before reporting. Such information can include reports from experts, test reports, product liability lawsuits or claims, consumer or customer complaints, quality control data, scientific or epidemiological studies, reports of injury, information from other firms or governmental entities, and other relevant information. While such information shall not trigger a per se reporting requirement, in its evaluation of whether a subject firm is required to file a report under the provisions of section 15 of the CPSA, the Commission shall attach considerable significance if such firm learns that a court or jury has determined that one of its products has caused a serious injury or death and a reasonable person could conclude based on the lawsuit and other information obtained by the firm that the product creates an unreasonable risk of serious injury or death. (b) Unreasonable risk. The use of the term ``unreasonable risk'' suggests that the risk of injury presented by a product should be evaluated to determine if that risk is a reasonable one. In determining whether a product presents an unreasonable risk, the firm should examine the utility of the product, or the utility of the aspect of the product that causes the risk, the level of exposure of consumers to the risk, the nature and severity of the hazard presented, and the likelihood of resulting serious injury or death. In its analysis, the firm should also evaluate the state of the manufacturing or scientific art, the availability of alternative designs or products, and the feasibility of eliminating the risk. The Commission expects firms to report if a reasonable person could conclude given the information available that a product creates an unreasonable risk of serious injury or death. In its evaluation of whether a subject firm is required to file a report under the provisions of section 15 of the CPSA the Commission shall, as a practical matter, attach considerable significance if such firm obtains information which reasonably [[Page 217]] supports the conclusion that its product violates a standard or ban promulgated under the FHSA, FFA, PPPA or RSA and the violation could result in serious injury or death. (c) Serious injury or death. The term ``serious injury'' is not defined in the CPSA. The Commission believes that the term includes not only the concept of ``grievous bodily injury,'' defined at Sec. 1115.12(d), but also any other significant injury. Injuries necessitating hospitalization which require actual medical or surgical treatment, fractures, lacerations requiring sutures, concussions, injuries to the eye, ear, or internal organs requiring medical treatment, and injuries necessitating absence from school or work of more than one day are examples of situations in which the Commission shall presume that such a serious injury has occurred. To determine whether an unreasonable risk of serious injury or death exists, the firm should evaluate chronic or long term health effects as well as immediate injuries. [57 FR 34228, Aug. 4, 1992] Sec. 1115.7 Relation to other provisions. The reporting requirements of section 37 of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2084) are in addition to the requirement in section 15 of the CPSA. Section 37 requires a product manufacturer to report certain kinds of lawsuit information. It is intended as a supplement to, not a substitute for, the requirements of section 15(b) of the CPSA. Whether or not a firm has an obligation to provide information under section 37, it must consider whether it has obtained information which reasonably supports the conclusion that its product violates a consumer product safety rule, does not comply with a voluntary safety standard upon which the Commission has relied under section 9, contains a defect which could create a substantial product hazard, or creates an unreasonable risk of serious injury or death. If a firm has obtained such information, it must report under section 15(b) of the CPSA, whether or not it is required to report under section 37. Further, in many cases the Commission would expect to receive reports under section 15(b) long before the obligation to report under section 37 arises since firms have frequently obtained reportable information before settlements or judgments in their product liability lawsuits. [57 FR 34229, Aug. 4, 1992] Sec. 1115.8 Compliance with product safety standards. (a) Voluntary standards. The CPSA and other federal statutes administered by the Commission generally encourage the private sector development of, and compliance with voluntary consumer product safety standards to help protect the public from unreasonable risks of injury associated with consumer products. To support the development of such consensus standards, Commission staff participates in many voluntary standards committees and other activities. The Commission also strongly encourages all firms to comply with voluntary consumer product safety standards and considers, where appropriate, compliance or non-compliance with such standards in exercising its authorities under the CPSA and other federal statutes, including when making determinations under section 15 of the CPSA. Thus, for example, whether a product is in compliance with applicable voluntary safety standards may be relevant to the Commission staff's preliminary determination of whether that product presents a substantial product hazard under section 15 of the CPSA. (b) Mandatory standards. The CPSA requires that firms comply with all applicable mandatory consumer product safety standards and to report to the Commission any products which do not comply with either mandatory standards or voluntary standards upon which the Commission has relied. As is the case with voluntary consumer product safety standards, compliance or non-compliance with applicable mandatory safety standards may be considered by the Commission and staff in making relevant determinations and exercising relevant authorities under the CPSA and other federal statutes. Thus, for example, while compliance with a relevant mandatory product safety standard does not, of itself, relieve a firm from the need to report to the Commission a product defect that creates a substantial product hazard under section 15 of the CPSA, it will be [[Page 218]] considered by staff in making the determination of whether and what type of corrective action may be required. [71 FR 42030, July 25, 2006] Sec. 1115.9 [Reserved] Sec. 1115.10 Persons who must report and where to report. (a) Every manufacturer (including importer), distributor, or retailer of a consumer product that has been distributed in commerce who obtains information that such consumer product contains a defect which could create a substantial risk of injury to the public shall immediately notify the Office of Compliance, Division of Corrective Actions, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207 (telephone: 301-504-0608), or such other persons as may be designated. Manufacturers (including importers), distributors, and retailers of consumer products subject to regulation by the Commission under provisions of the FFA, FHSA, PPPA, as well as consumer products subject to regulation under the CPSA and RSA, must comply with this requirement. (b) Every manufacturer (including importer), distributor, or retailer of a consumer product that has been distributed in commerce who obtains information that such consumer product fails to comply with an applicable consumer product safety standard or ban issued under the CPSA shall immediately notify the Commission's Office of Compliance and Enforcement, Division of Corrective Actions or such other persons as may be designated. A subject firm need not report a failure to comply with a standard or regulation issued under the provisions of the RSA, FFA, FHSA, or PPPA unless it can be reasonably concluded that the failure to comply results in a defect which could create a substantial product hazard. (See paragraph (a) of this section.) (c) Every manufacturer (including importer), distributor, and retailer of a consumer product that has been distributed in commerce who obtains information that such consumer product fails to comply with a voluntary consumer product safety standard upon which the Commission has relied under section 9 of the CPSA, shall immediately notify the Commission's Office of Compliance and Enforcement, Division of Corrective Actions or such other persons as may be designated. (d) Every manufacturer (including importer), distributor, and retailer of a consumer product that has been distributed in commerce who obtains information that such consumer product creates an unreasonable risk of serious injury or death shall immediately notify the Commission's Office of Compliance and Enforcement, Division of Corrective Actions or such other persons as may be designated. This obligation applies to manufacturers, distributors and retailers of consumer products subject to regulation by the Commission under the Flammable Fabrics Act, Federal Hazardous Substances Act, Poison Prevention Packaging Act, and Refrigerator Safety Act as well as products subject to regulation under the CPSA. (e) A distributor or retailer of a consumer product (who is neither a manufacturer nor an importer of that product) is subject to the reporting requirements of section 15(b) of the CPSA but may satisfy them by following the procedure detailed in Sec. 1115.13(b). (f) A manufacturer (including an importer), distributor, or retailer need not inform the Commission under section 15(b) of the CPSA if that person has actual knowledge that the Commission has been adequately informed of the defect or failure to comply. (See section 15(b) of the CPSA.) [43 FR 34998, Aug. 7, 1978, as amended at 57 FR 34229, Aug. 4, 1992; 62 FR 46667, Sept. 4, 1997] Sec. 1115.11 Imputed knowledge. (a) In evaluating whether or when a subject firm should have reported, the Commission will deem a subject firm to have obtained reportable information when the information has been received by an official or employee who may reasonably be expected to be capable of appreciating the significance of the information. (See Sec. 1115.14(b).) (b) In evaluating whether or when a subject firm should have reported, the Commission will deem a subject firm to know what a reasonable person acting in the circumstances in which the firm finds itself would know. Thus, the [[Page 219]] subject firm shall be deemed to know what it would have known if it had exercised due care to ascertain the truth of complaints or other representations. This includes the knowledge a firm would have if it conducted a reasonably expeditious investigation in order to evaluate the reportability of a death or grievous bodily injury or other information. (See Sec. 1115.14.) Sec. 1115.12 Information which should be reported; evaluating substantial product hazard. (a) General. Subject firms should not delay reporting in order to determine to a certainty the existence of a reportable noncompliance, defect or unreasonable risk. The obligation to report arises upon receipt of information from which one could reasonably conclude the existence of a reportable noncompliance, defect which could create a substantial product hazard, or unreasonable risk of serious injury or death. Thus, an obligation to report may arise when a subject firm received the first information regarding a potential hazard, noncompliance or risk. (See Sec. 1115.14(c).) A subject firm in its report to the Commission need not admit, or may specifically deny, that the information it submits reasonably supports the conclusion that its consumer product is noncomplying, contains a defect which could create a substantial product hazard within the meaning of section 15(b) of the CPSA, or creates an unreasonable risk of serious injury or death. After receiving the report, the staff may conduct further investigation and will preliminarily determine whether the product reported upon presents a substantial product hazard. This determination can be based on information supplied by a subject firm or from any other source. If the matter is adjudicated, the Commission will ultimately make the decision as to substantial product hazard or will seek to have a court make the decision as to imminent product hazard. (b) Failure to comply. A subject firm must report information indicating that a consumer product which it has distributed in commerce does not comply with an applicable consumer product safety standard or ban issued under the CPSA, or a voluntary consumer product safety standard upon which the Commission has relied under section 9 of the CPSA. (c) Unreasonable risk of serious injury or death. A subject firm must report when it obtains information indicating that a consumer product which it has distributed in commerce creates an unreasonable risk of serious injury or death. (d) Death or grievous bodily injury. Information indicating that a noncompliance or a defect in a consumer product has caused, may have caused, or contributed to the causing, or could cause or contribute to the causing of a death or grievous bodily injury (e.g., mutilation, amputation/dismemberment, disfigurement, loss of important bodily functions, debilitating internal disorders, severe burns, severe electrical shocks, and injuries likely to require extended hospitalization) must be reported, unless the subject firm has investigated and determined that the information is not reportable. (e) Other information indicating a defect or noncompliance. Even if there are no reports of a potential for or an actual death or grievous bodily injury, other information may indicate a reportable defect or noncompliance. In evaluating whether or when a subject firm should have reported, the Commission will deem a subject firm to know what a reasonable and prudent manufacturer (including an importer), distributor, or retailer would know. (See Sec. 1115.11.) (f) Information which should be studied and evaluated. Paragraphs (f)(1) through (7) of this section are examples of information which a subject firm should study and evaluate in order to determine whether it is obligated to report under section 15(b) of the CPSA. Such information may include information that a firm has obtained, or reasonably should have obtained in accordance with Sec. 1115.11, about product use, experience, performance, design, or manufacture outside the United States that is relevant to products sold or distributed in the United States. All information should be evaluated to determine whether it suggests the existence of a noncompliance, a defect, or an unreasonable risk of serious injury or death: [[Page 220]] (1) Information about engineering, quality control, or production data. (2) Information about safety-related production or design change(s). (3) Product liability suits and/or claims for personal injury or damage. (4) Information from an independent testing laboratory. (5) Complaints from a consumer or consumer group. (6) Information received from the Commission or other governmental agency. (7) Information received from other firms, including requests to return a product or for replacement or credit. This includes both requests made by distributors and retailers to the manufacturer and requests from the manufacturer that products be returned. (g) Evaluating substantial risk of injury. Information which should be or has been reported under section 15(b) of the CPSA does not automatically indicate the presence of a substantial product hazard. On a case-by-case basis the Commission and the staff will determine whether a defect or noncompliance exists and whether it results in a substantial risk of injury to the public. In deciding whether to report, subject firms may be guided by the following criteria the staff and the Commission use in determining whether a substantial product hazard exists: (1) Hazard created by defect. Section 15(a)(2) of the CPSA lists factors to be considered in determining whether a defect creates a substantial risk of injury. These factors are set forth in the disjunctive. Therefore, the exist- ence of any one of the factors could create a substantial product hazard. The Commission and the staff will consider some or all of the following factors, as appropriate, in determining the substantiality of a hazard created by a product defect: (i) Pattern of defect. The Commission and the staff will consider whether the defect arises from the design, composition, contents, construction, finish, packaging, warnings, or instructions of the product or from some other cause and will consider the conditions under which the defect manifests itself. (ii) Number of defective products distributed in commerce. Even one defective product can present a substantial risk of injury and provide a basis for a substantial product hazard determination under section 15 of the CPSA if the injury which might occur is serious and/or if the injury is likely to occur. However, a few defective products with no potential for causing serious injury and little likelihood of injuring even in a minor way will not ordinarily provide a proper basis for a substantial product hazard determination. The Commission also recognizes that the number of products remaining with consumers is a relevant consideration. (iii) Severity of the risk. A risk is severe if the injury which might occur is serious and/or if the injury is likely to occur. In considering the likelihood of any injury the Commission and the staff will consider the number of injuries reported to have occurred, the intended or reasonably foreseeable use or misuse of the product, and the population group exposed to the product (e.g., children, elderly, handicapped). (iv) Other considerations. The Commission and the staff will consider all other relevant factors. (2) Hazard presented by noncompliance. Section 15(a)(1) of the CPSA states that a substantial product hazard exists when a failure to comply with an applicable consumer product safety rule creates a substantial risk of injury to the public. Therefore, the Commission and staff will consider whether the noncompliance is likely to result in injury when determining whether the noncompliance creates a substantial product hazard. As appropriate, the Commission and staff may consider some or all of the factors set forth in paragraph (f)(1) of this section in reaching the substantial product hazard determination. [43 FR 34998, Aug. 7, 1978, as amended at 57 FR 34229, Aug. 4, 1992; 66 FR 54925, Oct. 31, 2001; 71 FR 42031, July 25, 2006] Sec. 1115.13 Content and form of reports; delegations of authority. (a) Written reports. The chief executive officer of the subject firm should sign any written reports to the Commission under section 15(b) of the CPSA unless this responsibility has [[Page 221]] been delegated by filing a written delegation of authority with the Commission's Office of Compliance and Enforcement, Division of Corrective Actions. Delegations of authority filed with the Commission under Sec. 1115.9 of the previous regulations interpreting section 15 of the CPSA will remain in effect until revoked by the chief executive officer of the subject firm. The delegation may be in the following form: Delegation of Authority (Name of company) _________. I ________ hereby certify that I am Chief Executive Officer of the above-named company and that as such I am authorized to sign documents and to certify on behalf of said company the accuracy and completeness of information in such documents. Pursuant to the power vested in me, I hereby delegate all or, to the extent indicated below, a portion of that authority to the person listed below. This delegation is effective until revoked in writing. Authority delegated to: (Name)__________________________________________________________________ (Address)_______________________________________________________________ (Title)_________________________________________________________________ Extent of authority: ___________ Signed: (Name)__________________________________________________________________ (Address)_______________________________________________________________ (Title)_________________________________________________________________ (b) Distributors and retailers. A distributor or retailer of a product (who is neither a manufacturer nor an importer of that product) satisfies the initial reporting requirements either by telephoning or writing the Office of Compliance and Enforcement, Division of Corrective Actions, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207, phone 301-504-0608; by sending a letter describing the noncompliance, defect or risk of injury to the manufacturer (or importer) of the product and sending a copy of the letter to the Commission's Division of Corrective Actions; or by forwarding to the Commission's Division of Corrective Actions reportable information received from another firm. A distributor or retailer who receives reportable information from a manufacturer (or importer) shall report to the Commission unless the manufacturer (or importer) informs the distributor or retailer that a report has been made to the Commission. A report under this paragraph should contain the information detailed in paragraph (c) of this section insofar as it is known to the distributor or retailer. Unless further information is requested by the staff, this action will constitute a sufficient report insofar as the distributor or retailer is concerned. (c) Initial report. Immediately after a subject firm has obtained information which reasonably supports the conclusion that a product fails to comply with an applicable consumer product safety rule or a voluntary standard, contains a defecat which could create a substantial risk of serious injury or death, the subject firm should provide the Division of Corrective Actions, Office of Compliance, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207 (telephone: 301-504-0608), with an initial report containing the information listed in paragraphs (c) (1) through (6) of this section. This initial report may be made by any means, but if it is not in writing, it should be confirmed in writing within 48 hours of the initial report. (See Sec. 1115.14 for time computations.) The initial report should contain, insofar as is reasonably available and/or applicable: (1) An identification and description of the product. (2) The name and address of the manufacturer (or importer) or, if the manufacturer or importer is not known, the names and addresses of all known distributors and retailers of the product. (3) The nature and extent of the possible defect, the failure to comply, or the risk. (4) The nature and extent of the injury or risk of injury associated with the product. (5) The name and address of the person informing the Commission. (6) To the extent such information is then reasonably available, the data specified in Sec. 1115.13(d). (d) Full report. Subject firms which file initial reports are required to file full reports in accordance with this paragraph. Retailers and distributors may satisfy their reporting obligations in accordance with Sec. 1115.13(b). At any time after an initial report, the staff may modify the requirements detailed in this section with respect to any subject firm. If the staff preliminarily determines that there is no substantial product hazard, it may inform the firm that its reporting obligation has been [[Page 222]] fulfilled. However, a subject firm would be required to report if it later became aware of new information indicating a reportable defect, noncompliance, or risk, whether the new information related to the same or another consumer product. Unless modified by staff action, the following information, to the extent that it is reasonably available and/or applicable, constitutes a ``full report,'' must be submitted to the staff, and must be supplemented or corrected as new or different information becomes known: (1) The name, address, and title of the person submitting the ``full report'' to the Commission. (2) The name and address of the manufacturer (or importer) of the product and the addresses of the manufacturing plants for that product. (3) An identification and description of the product(s). Give retail prices, model numbers, serial numbers, and date codes. Describe any identifying marks and their location on the product. Provide a picture or a sample of the product. (4) A description of the nature of the defect, failure to comply, or risk. If technical drawings, test results, schematics, diagrams, blueprints, or other graphic depictions are available, attach copies. (5) The nature of the injury or the possible injury associated with the product defect, failure to comply, or risk. (6) The manner in which and the date when the information about the defect, noncompliance, or risk (e.g., complaints, reported injuries, quality control testing) was obtained. If any complaints related to the safety of the product or any allegations or reports of injuries associated with the product have been received, copies of such complaints or reports (or a summary thereof) shall be attached. Give a chronological account of facts or events leading to the report under section 15(b) of the CPSA, beginning with receipt of the first information which ultimately led to the report. Also included may be an analysis of these facts or events. (7) The total number of products and units involved. (8) The dates when products and units were manufactured, imported, distributed, and sold at retail. (9) The number of products and units in each of the following: in the possession of the manufacturer or importer, in the possession of private labelers, in the possession of distributors, in the possession of retailers, and in the possession of consumers. (10) An explanation of any changes (e.g., designs, adjustments, and additional parts, quality control, testing) that have been or will be effected to correct the defect, failure to comply, or risk and of the steps that have been or will be taken to prevent similar occurrences in the future together with the timetable for implementing such changes and steps. (11) Information that has been or will be given to purchasers, including consumers, about the defect, noncompliance, or risk with a description of how this information has been or will be communicated. This shall include copies or drafts of any letters, press releases, warning labels, or other written information that has been or will be given to purchasers, including consumers. (12) The details of and schedule for any contemplated refund, replacement, or repair actions, including plans for disposing of returned products (e.g., repair, destroy, return to foreign manufacturer). (13) A detailed explanation and description of the marketing and distribution of the product from the manufacturer (including importer) to the consumer (e.g., use of sales representatives, independent contractors, and/or jobbers; installation of the product, if any, and by whom). (14) Upon request, the names and addresses of all distributors, retailers, and purchasers, including consumers. (15) Such further information necessary or appropriate to the functions of the Commission as is requested by the staff. [43 FR 34998, Aug. 7, 1978, as amended at 57 FR 34229, Aug. 4, 1992] Sec. 1115.14 Time computations. (a) General. Weekends and holidays are excluded from the computation of the time periods in this part. [[Page 223]] (b) Imputing knowledge. In evaluating whether or when a firm should have reported, the Commission shall impute to the subject firm knowledge of product safety related information received by an official or employee of a subject firm capable of appreciating the significance of the information. Under ordinary circumstances, 5 days should be the maximum reasonable time for information to reach the Chief Executive Officer or the official or employee responsible for complying with the reporting requirements of section 15(b) of the CPSA. The Commission will impute knowledge possessed by the Chief Executive Officer or by the official or employee responsible for complying with the reporting requirements of section 15(b) of the CPSA simultaneously to the subject firm. (c) Time when obligation to report arises. The obligation to report under section 15(b) of the CPSA may arise upon receipt by a subject firm of the first information regarding a noncompliance, or a potential hazard presented by a product defect, or an unreasonable risk. Information giving rise to a reporting obligation may include, but is not limited to, complaints, injury reports, quality control and engineering data. A subject firm should not await complete or accurate risk estimates before reporting under section 15(b) of CPSA. However, if information is not clearly reportable, a subject firm may spend a reasonable time for investigation and evaluation. (See Sec. 1115.14(d).) (d) Time for investigation and evaluation. A subject firm may conduct a reasonably expeditious investigation in order to evaluate the reportability of a death or grievous bodily injury or other information. This investigation and evaluation should not exceed 10 days unless a firm can demonstrate that a longer period is reasonable. The Commission will deem that, at the end of 10 days, a subject firm has received and considered all information which would have been available to it had a reasonable, expeditious, and diligent investigation been undertaken. (e) Time to report. Immediately, that is, within 24 hours, after a subject firm has obtained information which reasonably supports the conclusion that its consumer product fails to comply with an applicable consumer product safety rule or voluntary consumer product safety standard, contains a defect which could create a substantial risk of injury to the public, or creates an unreasonable risk of serious injury or death, the firm should report. (See Sec. 1115.13.) If a firm elects to conduct an investigation in order to evaluate the existence of reportable information, the 24-hour period begins when the firm has information which reasonably supports the conclusion that its consumer product fails to comply with an applicable consumer product safety rule or voluntary consumer product safety standard upon which the Commission has relied under section 9, contains a defect which could create a substantial product hazard, or creates an unreasonable risk of serious injury or death. Thus, a firm could report to the Commission before the conclusion of a reasonably expeditious investigation and evaluation if the reportable information becomes known during the course of the investigation. In lieu of the investigation, the firm may report the information immediately. [43 FR 34998, Aug. 7, 1978, as amended at 57 FR 34230, Aug. 4, 1992] Sec. 1115.15 Confidentiality and disclosure of data. (a) General. The Commission does not routinely make reports available to the public until the staff has made a preliminary hazard determination. Copies of reports will not be available to the public in the Commission's public reading room, and information contained in reports will not ordinarily be disclosed to the public in the absence of a formal request. (b) Freedom of Information Act. Any person who submits information to the Commission who believes that any portion of the information is entitled to exemption from public disclosure under the provisions of the Freedom of Information Act, as amended (15 U.S.C. 552(b)), of the CPSA, as amended, or of another Federal statute must accompany the submission with a written request that the information be considered exempt from disclosure or indicate that a written request will be submitted within 10 working days of the [[Page 224]] submission. The request shall (1) identify the portions of the information for which exemption is claimed, which may include the identity of the reporting firm and the fact that it is making a report, and (2) state the facts and reasons which support the claimed exemption. After the staff has made its preliminary hazard determination, and regardless of whether or not the staff preliminarily determines that a product presents a substantial product hazard, the Commission will no longer honor requests for exempt status for the identity of the reporting firm, the identity of the consumer product, and the nature of the reported alleged defect or noncompliance. This information, together with the staff's preliminary hazard determination, will be made available to the public in the Commission's public reading room. Information for which exempt status is claimed (such as alleged trade secrets, confidential commercial or financial information, or information the disclosure of which would constitute an unwarranted invasion of personal privacy) shall not be released to the public except in accordance with the applicable statute or the Commission's Freedom of Information Act regulations (16 CFR part 1015). (c) Section 6(b) of the CPSA. The Commission believes that the first two sentences in section 6(b)(1) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2055(b)(1)) apply to affirmative dissemination of information by the Commission (such as press releases or fact sheets distributed to the public) from which the public may ascertain readily the identity of the product's manufacturer and/or private labeler. Manufacturers and private labelers will ordinarily be given 30 days' notice before the Commission makes such affirmative disseminations. However, this 30-day notice will not apply if the Commission finds that a lesser notice period is required in the interest of public health and safety. Subpart B_Remedial Actions and Sanctions Sec. 1115.20 Voluntary remedial actions. As appropriate, the Commission will attempt to protect the public from substantial product hazards by seeking one or more of the following voluntary remedies: (a) Corrective action plans. A corrective action plan is a document, signed by a subject firm, which sets forth the remedial action which the firm will voluntarily undertake to protect the public, but which has no legally binding effect. The Commission reserves the right to seek broader corrective action if it becomes aware of new facts or if the corrective action plan does not sufficiently protect the public. (1) Corrective action plans shall include, as appropriate: (i) A statement of the nature of the alleged hazard associated with the product, including the nature of the alleged defect or noncompliance and type(s) of injury or potential injury presented. (ii) A detailed statement of the means to be employed to notify the public of the alleged product hazard (e.g., letter, press release, advertising), including an identification of the classes of persons who will receive such notice and a copy or copies of the notice or notices to be used. (iii) A specification of model number and/or other appropriate descriptions of the product. (iv) Any necessary instructions regarding use or handling of the product pending correction. (v) An explanation of the specific cause of the alleged substantial product hazard, if known. (vi) A statement of the corrective action which will be or has been taken to eliminate the alleged substantial product hazard. The firm should indicate whether it is repairing or replacing the product or refunding its purchase price. If products are to be returned to a subject firm, the corrective action plan should indicate their disposition (e.g., reworked, destroyed, returned to foreign manufacturer). Samples of replacement products and relevant drawings and test data for repairs or replacements should be available. (vii) A statement of the steps that will be, or have been, taken to reasonably prevent recurrence of the alleged substantial product hazard in the future. (viii) A statement of the action which will be undertaken to correct [[Page 225]] product units in the distribution chain, including a timetable and specific information about the number and location of such units. (ix) The signatures of representatives of the subject firm. (x) An acknowledgment by the subject firm that the Commission may monitor the corrective action and that the firm will furnish necessary information, including customer lists. (xi) An agreement that the Commission may publicize the terms of the plan to the extent necessary to inform the public of the nature and extent of the alleged substantial product hazard and of the actions being undertaken to correct the alleged hazard presented. (xii) Additional points of agreement, as appropriate. (xiii) If desired by the subject firm, the following statement or its equivalent: ``The submission of this corrective action plan does not constitute an admission by (the subject firm) that either reportable information or a substantial product hazard exists.'' (xiv) An acknowledgment that the corrective action plan becomes effective only upon its final acceptance by the Commission. (2) In determining whether to recommend to the Commission acceptance of a corrective action plan, the staff shall consider favorably both the promptness of the subject firm's reporting and any remedial actions taken by the subject firm in the interest of public safety. The staff also shall consider, insofar as possible, prior involvement by the subject firm in corrective action plans and Commission orders if such involvement bears on the likelihood that the firm will comply fully with the terms of the corrective action plan. (3) Upon receipt of a corrective action plan and staff recommendation, the Commission may: (i) Approve the plan; (ii) Reject the plan and issue a complaint (in which case an administrative and/or judicial proceeding will be commenced); or (iii) Take any other action necessary to insure that the plan is adequate. (4) When time permits and where practicable in the interest of protecting the public, a summary of the plan shall be published in the Commission's Public Calendar. Those portions of the plan that are not restricted will be made available to the public in the Commission's public reading room as much in advance of the Commission meeting as practicable. Any interested person wishing to comment on the plan must file a Notice of Intent to Comment at least forty-eight (48) hours prior to the commencement of the Commission meeting during which the plan will be discussed. If no notices of intent are received, the Commission may take final action on the plan. If such notice is received within the time limits detailed above, the plan will, if practicable, be docketed for the following week's agenda. All comments must be in writing, and final written comments must be submitted at least forty-eight (48) hours before that session. (b) Consent order agreements under section 15 of CPSA. The consent order agreement (agreement) is a document executed by a subject firm (Consenting Party) and a Commission staff representative which incorporates both a proposed complaint setting forth the staff's charges and a proposed order by which such charges are resolved. (1) Consent order agreements shall include, as appropriate: (i) An admission of all jurisdictional facts by the Consenting Party. (ii) A waiver of any rights to an administrative or judicial hearing and of any other procedural steps, including any rights to seek judicial review or otherwise challenge or contest the validity of the Commission's Order. (iii) A statement that the agreement is in settlement of the staff's charges. (iv) A statement that the Commission's Order is issued under section 15 of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2064) and that a violation is a prohibited act within the meaning of section 19(a)(5) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2068(a)(5)) and may subject a violator to civil and/or criminal penalties under sections 20 and 21 of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2069 and 2070). (v) An acknowledgment that the Commission reserves its right to seek sanctions for any violations of the reporting obligations of section 15(b) of CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2064(b)) and its right to take other appropriate legal action. [[Page 226]] (vi) An acknowledgment that the agreement becomes effective only upon its final acceptance by the Commission and its service upon the Consenting Party. (vii) An acknowledgment that the Commission may disclose terms of the consent order agreement to the public. (viii) A listing of the acts or practices from which the Consenting Party will refrain. (ix) A statement that the Consenting Party shall perform certain acts and practices pursuant to the agreement. (x) An acknowledgment that any interested person may bring an action pursuant to section 24 of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2073) in any U.S. district court for the district in which the Consenting Party is found or transacts business to enforce the order and to obtain appropriate injunctive relief. (xi) A description of the alleged substantial product hazard. (xii) If desired by the Consenting Party, the following statement or its equivalent: ``The signing of this consent order agreement does not constitute an admission by (the Consenting Party) that either reportable information or a substantial product hazard exists.'' (xiii) The elements of a corrective action plan as set forth in Sec. 1115.20(a). (2) At any time in the course of an investigation, the staff may propose to a subject firm which is being investigated that some or all of the allegations be resolved by a consent order agreement. Additionally, such a proposal may be made to the staff by a subject firm. (3) Upon receiving an executed agreement, the Commission may: (i) Provisionally accept it; (ii) Reject it and issue a complaint (in which case an administrative and/or judicial proceeding will be commenced); or (iii) Take such other action as it may deem appropriate. (4) If the consent order agreement is provisionally accepted, the Commission shall place the agreement on the public record and shall announce provisional acceptance of the agreement in the Commission's public calendar and in the Federal Register. Any interested person may request the Commission not to accept the agreement by filing a written request in the Office of the Secretary. Such written request must be received in the Office of the Secretary no later than the close of business of the fifteenth (15th) calendar day following the date of announcement in the Federal Register. (5) If the Commission does not receive any requests not to accept the agreement within the time period specified above, the consent order agreement shall be deemed finally accepted by the Commission on the twentieth (20th) calendar day after the date of announcement in the Federal Register, unless the Commission determines otherwise. However, if the Commission does receive a request not to accept the consent order agreement, then it will consider such request and vote on the acceptability of such agreement or the desirability of further action. After the consent order agreement is finally accepted, the Commission may then issue its complaint and order in such form as the circumstances may require. The order is a final order in disposition of the proceeding and is effective immediately upon its service upon the Consenting Party pursuant to the Commission's Rules of Practice for Adjudicative Proceedings (16 CFR part 1025). The Consenting Party shall thereafter be bound by and take immediate action in accordance with such final order. (6) If the Commission does not accept the consent order agreement on a final basis, it shall so notify the Consenting Party. Such notification constitutes withdrawal of the Commission's provisional acceptance unless the Commission orders otherwise. The Commission then may: (i) Issue a complaint, in which case an administrative and/or judicial proceeding will be commenced; (ii) Order further investigation; or (iii) Take such other action as it may deem appropriate. Sec. 1115.21 Compulsory remedial actions. As appropriate, the Commission will attempt to protect the public from hazards presented by consumer products by seeking one or more of the following: [[Page 227]] (a) Adjudicated Commission Order. An adjudicated Commission Order under section 15 (c) or (d) of the CPSA may be issued after parties and interested persons have had an opportunity for a hearing in accordance with section 554 of title 5, United States Code, and with section 15(f) of the CPSA. This hearing is governed by the Commission's Rules of Practice for Adjudicative Proceedings (16 CFR part 1025). (b) Injunctive relief. The Commission may apply to a U.S. district court in accordance with the provisions of section 15(g) of the CPSA for a preliminary injunction to restrain the distribution in commerce of a product it has reason to believe presents a substantial product hazard. The Commission may seek enforcement of its orders issued under sections 15 (c) and (d) of the CPSA in accordance with provisions of sections 22 and 27(b)(7) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2071 and 2076(b)(7)). (c) Judicial determination of imminent hazard. The Commission may file a complaint in a U.S. district court in accordance with the provisions of section 12 of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2061). (d) Orders of the Secretary of the Treasury. The Commission staff may inform the Secretary of the Treasury that a consumer product offered for importation into the customs territory of the United States fails to comply with an applicable consumer product safety rule and/or has a product defect which constitutes a substantial product hazard. The Commission may request the Secretary of the Treasury under section 17 of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2066) to refuse admission to any such consumer product. Sec. 1115.22 Prohibited acts and sanctions. (a) Statements generally. Whoever knowingly and willfully falsifies, or conceals a material fact in a report under the CPSA and rules thereunder, is subject to criminal penalties under 18 U.S.C. 1001. (b) Timeliness and adequacy of reporting. A failure to inform the Commission immediately and adequately, as required by section 15(b) of the CPSA, is a prohibited act within section 19(a)(4) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2068(a)(4)). (c) Failure to make reports. The failure or refusal to make reports or provide information as required under the CPSA is a prohibited act within the meaning of section 19(a)(3) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2068(a)(3)). (d) Noncomplying products. The manufacture for sale, offering for sale, distribution in commerce, and/or importation into the United States of a consumer product which is not in conformity with an applicable consumer product safety rule under CPSA is a prohibited act within the meaning of sections 19 (a)(1) and (a)(2) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2068 (a)(1) and (a)(2)). (e) Orders issued under section 15 (c) and/or (d). The failure to comply with an order issued under section 15 (c) and/or (d) of the CPSA is a prohibited act within the meaning of section 19(a)(5) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2068(a)(5)). (f) Consequences of engaging in prohibited acts. A knowing violation of section 19(a) of the CPSA subjects the violator to a civil penalty in accordance with section 20 of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2069). ``Knowing,'' as defined in section 20(c) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2069(c)), means the having of actual knowledge or the presumed having of knowledge deemed to be possessed by a reasonable person who acts in the circumstances, including knowledge obtainable upon the exercise of due care to ascertain the truth of representations. A knowing and willful violation of section 19(a), after the violator has received notice of noncompliance, subjects the violator to criminal penalties in accordance with section 21 of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2070). Subpart C_Guidelines and Requirements for Mandatory Recall Notices Source: 75 FR 3371, Jan. 21, 2010, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1115.23 Purpose. (a) The Commission establishes these guidelines and requirements for recall notices as required by section 15(i) of the Consumer Product Safety Act, as amended (CPSA) (15 U.S.C. 2064(i)). The guidelines and requirements set forth [[Page 228]] the information to be included in a notice required by an order under sections 12, 15(c), or 15(d) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2061, 2064(c), or 2064(d)). Unless otherwise ordered by the Commission under section 15(c) or (d) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2064(c) or (d)), or by a United States district court under section 12 of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2061), the content information required in this subpart must be included in every such notice. (b) The Commission establishes these guidelines and requirements to ensure that every recall notice effectively helps consumers and other persons to: (1) Identify the specific product to which the recall notice pertains; (2) Understand the product's actual or potential hazards to which the recall notice pertains, and information relating to such hazards; and (3) Understand all remedies available to consumers concerning the product to which the recall notice pertains. Sec. 1115.24 Applicability. This subpart applies to manufacturers (including importers), retailers, and distributors of consumer products as those terms are defined herein and in the CPSA. Sec. 1115.25 Definitions. In addition to the definitions given in section 3 of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2052), the following definitions apply: (a) Recall means any one or more of the actions required by an order under sections 12, 15(c), or 15(d) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2061, 2064(c), or 2064(d)). (b) Recall notice means a notification required by an order under sections 12, 15(c), or 15(d) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2061, 2064(c), or 2064(d)). (c) Direct recall notice means a notification required by an order under sections 12, 15(c), or 15(d) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2061, 2064(c), or 2064(d)), that is sent directly to specifically-identified consumers. (d) Firm means a manufacturer (including an importer), retailer, or distributor as those terms are defined in the CPSA. (e) Other persons means, but is not limited to, consumer safety advocacy organizations, public interest groups, trade associations, industry advocacy organizations, other State, local, and Federal government agencies, and the media. Sec. 1115.26 Guidelines and policies. (a) General. (1) A recall notice should provide sufficient information and motivation for consumers and other persons to identify the product and its actual or potential hazards, and to respond and take the stated action. A recall notice should clearly and concisely state the potential for injury or death. (2) A recall notice should be written in language designed for, and readily understood by, the targeted consumers or other persons. The language should be simple and should avoid or minimize the use of highly technical or legal terminology. (3) A recall notice should be targeted and tailored to the specific product and circumstances. In determining the form and content of a recall notice, the manner in which the product was advertised and marketed should be considered. (4) A direct recall notice is the most effective form of a recall notice. (5) At least two of the recall notice forms listed in subsection (b) should be used. (b) Form of recall notice--(1) Possible forms. A recall notice may be written, electronic, audio, visual, or in any other form ordered by the Commission in an order under section 15(c) or (d) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2064(c) or (d)), or by a United States district court under section 12 of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2061). The forms of, and means for communicating, recall notices include, but are not limited to: (i) Letter, Web site posting, electronic mail, RSS feed, or text message; (ii) Computer, radio, television, or other electronic transmission or medium; (iii) Video news release, press release, recall alert, Web stream, or other form of news release; (iv) Newspaper, magazine, catalog, or other publication; and (v) Advertisement, newsletter, and service bulletin. [[Page 229]] (2) Direct recall notice. A direct recall notice should be used for each consumer for whom a firm has direct contact information, or when such information is obtainable, regardless of whether the information was collected for product registration, sales records, catalog orders, billing records, marketing purposes, warranty information, loyal purchaser clubs, or other such purposes. Direct contact information includes, but is not limited to, name and address, telephone number, and electronic mail address. Forms of direct recall notice include, but are not limited to, United States mail, electronic mail, and telephone calls. A direct recall notice should prominently show its importance over other consumer notices or mail by including ``Safety Recall'' or other appropriate terms in an electronic mail subject line, and, in large bold red typeface, on the front of an envelope and in the body of a recall notice. (3) Web site recall notice. A Web site recall notice should be on a Web site's first entry point such as a home page, should be clear and prominent, and should be interactive by permitting consumers and other persons to obtain recall information and request a remedy directly on the Web site. (c) Languages. Where the Commission for purposes of an order under section 15(c) or (d) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2064(c) or (d)), or a United States district court for purposes of an order under section 12 of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2061), determines that it is necessary or appropriate to adequately inform and protect the public, a recall notice may be required to be in languages in addition to English. For example, it may be necessary or appropriate to require a recall notice be in a language in addition to English when a product label is in a language in addition to English, when a product is marketed in a language in addition to English, or when a product is marketed or available in a geographic location where English is not the predominant language. Sec. 1115.27 Recall notice content requirements. Except as provided in Sec. 1115.29, every recall notice must include the information set forth below: (a) Terms. A recall notice must include the word ``recall'' in the heading and text. (b) Date. A recall notice must include its date of release, issuance, posting, or publication. (c) Description of product. A recall notice must include a clear and concise statement of the information that will enable consumers and other persons to readily and accurately identify the specific product and distinguish it from similar products. The information must enable consumers to readily determine whether or not they have, or may be exposed to, the product. To the extent applicable to a product, descriptive information that must appear on a recall notice includes, but is not limited to: (1) The product's names, including informal and abbreviated names, by which consumers and other persons should know or recognize the product; (2) The product's intended or targeted use population (e.g., infants, children, or adults); (3) The product's colors and sizes; (4) The product's model numbers, serial numbers, date codes, stock keeping unit (SKU) numbers, and tracking labels, including their exact locations on the product; (5) Identification and exact locations of product tags, labels, and other identifying parts, and a statement of the specific identifying information found on each part; and (6) Product photographs. A firm must provide photographs. Each photograph must be electronic or digital, in color, of high resolution and quality, and in a format readily transferable with high quality to a Web site or other appropriate medium. As needed for effective notification, multiple photographs and photograph angles may be required. (d) Description of action being taken. A recall notice must contain a clear and concise statement of the actions that a firm is taking concerning the product. These actions may include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: Stop sale and distribution in commerce; recall to the distributor, retailer, or consumer level; repair; request return and provide a replacement; and request return and provide a refund. [[Page 230]] (e) Statement of number of product units. A recall notice must state the approximate number of product units covered by the recall, including all product units manufactured, imported, and/or distributed in commerce. (f) Description of substantial product hazard. A recall notice must contain a clear and concise description of the product's actual or potential hazards that result from the product condition or circumstances giving rise to the recall. The description must enable consumers and other persons to readily identify the reasons that a firm is conducting a recall. The description must also enable consumers and other persons to readily identify and understand the risks and potential injuries or deaths associated with the product conditions and circumstances giving rise to the recall. The description must include: (1) The product defect, fault, failure, flaw, and/or problem giving rise to the recall; and (2) The type of hazard or risk, including, by way of example only, burn, fall, choking, laceration, entrapment, and/or death. (g) Identification of recalling firm. A recall notice must identify the firm conducting the recall by stating the firm's legal name and commonly known trade name, and the city and state of its headquarters. The notice must state whether the recalling firm is a manufacturer (including importer), retailer, or distributor. (h) Identification of manufacturers. A recall notice must identify each manufacturer (including importer) of the product and the country of manufacture. Under the definition in section 3(a)(11) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2052(a)(11)), a manufacturer means ``any person who manufactures or imports a consumer product.'' If a product has been manufactured outside of the United States, a recall notice must identify the foreign manufacturer and the United States importer. A recall notice must identify the manufacturer by stating the manufacturer's legal name and the city and state of its headquarters, or, if a foreign manufacturer, the foreign manufacturer's legal name and the city and country of its headquarters. (i) Identification of significant retailers. A recall notice must identify each significant retailer of the product. A recall notice must identify such a retailer by stating the retailer's commonly known trade name. Under the definition in section 3(a)(13) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2052(a)(13)), a retailer means ``a person to whom a consumer product is delivered or sold for purposes of sale or distribution by such person to a consumer.'' A product's retailer is ``significant'' if, upon the Commission's information and belief, and in the sole discretion of the Commission for purposes of an order under section 15(c) or (d) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2064(c) or (d)), or in the sole discretion of a United States district court for purposes of an order under section 12 of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2061), any one or more of the circumstances set forth below is present (the Commission may require manufacturers (including importers), retailers, and distributors to provide information relating to these circumstances): (1) The retailer was the exclusive retailer of the product; (2) The retailer was an importer of the product; (3) The retailer has stores nationwide or regionally-located; (4) The retailer sold, or held for purposes of sale or distribution in commerce, a significant number of the total manufactured, imported, or distributed units of the product; or (5) Identification of the retailer is in the public interest. (j) Region. Where necessary or appropriate to assist consumers in determining whether they have the product at issue, a description of the region where the product was sold, or held for purposes of sale or distribution in commerce, must be provided. (k) Dates of manufacture and sale. A recall notice must state the month and year in which the manufacture of the product began and ended, and the month and year in which the retail sales of the product began and ended. These dates must be included for each make and model of the product. (l) Price. A recall notice must state the approximate retail price or price range of the product. [[Page 231]] (m) Description of incidents, injuries, and deaths. A recall notice must contain a clear and concise summary description of all incidents (including, but not limited to, property damage), injuries, and deaths associated with the product conditions or circumstances giving rise to the recall, as well as a statement of the number of such incidents, injuries, and deaths. The description must enable consumers and other persons to readily understand the nature and extent of the incidents and injuries. A recall notice must state the ages of all persons injured and killed. A recall notice must state the dates or range of dates on which the Commission received information about injuries and deaths. (n) Description of remedy. A recall notice must contain a clear and concise statement, readily understandable by consumers and other persons, of: (1) Each remedy available to a consumer for the product conditions or circumstances giving rise to the recall. Remedies include, but are not limited to, refunds, product repairs, product replacements, rebates, coupons, gifts, premiums, and other incentives. (2) All specific actions that a consumer must take to obtain each remedy, including, but not limited to, instructions on how to participate in the recall. These actions may include, but are not limited to, contacting a firm, removing the product from use, discarding the product, returning part or all of the product, or removing or disabling part of the product. (3) All specific information that a consumer needs in order to obtain each remedy and to obtain all information about each remedy. This information may include, but is not limited to, the following: Manufacturer, retailer, and distributor contact information (such as name, address, telephone and facsimile numbers, e-mail address, and Web site address); whether telephone calls will be toll-free or collect; and telephone number days and hours of operation including time zone. (o) Other information. A recall notice must contain such other information as the Commission for purposes of an order under section 15(c) or (d) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2064(c) or (d)), or a United States district court for purposes of an order under section 12 of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2061), deems appropriate and orders. Sec. 1115.28 Multiple products or models. For each product or model covered by a recall notice, the notice must meet the requirements of this subpart. Sec. 1115.29 Final determination regarding form and content. (a) Commission or court discretion. The recall notice content required by this subpart must be included in a recall notice whether or not the firm admits the existence of a defect or of an actual or potential hazard, and whether or not the firm concedes the accuracy or applicability of all of the information contained in the recall notice. The Commission will make the final determination as to the form and content of the recall notice for purposes of an order under section 15(c) or (d) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2064(c) or (d)), and a United States district court will make the final determination as to the form and content of a recall notice for purposes of an order under section 12 of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2061). (b) Recall notice exceptions. The Commission for purposes of an order under section 15(c) or (d) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2064(c) or (d)), or a United States district court for purposes of an order under section 12 of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2061), may determine that one or more of the recall notice requirements set forth in this subpart is not required, and will not be included, in a recall notice. (c) Commission approval. Before a firm may publish, broadcast, or otherwise disseminate a recall notice to be issued pursuant to an order under section 15(c) or (d) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2064(c) or (d)), the Commission must review and agree in writing to all aspects of the notice. Sec. Appendix to Part 1115--Voluntary Standards on Which the Commission Has Relied Under Section 9 of the Consumer Product Safety Act The following are the voluntary standards on which the Commission has relied under section 9 of the Consumer Product Safety Act: [[Page 232]] 1. American National Standard for Power Tools--Gasoline-Powered Chain Saws--Safety Regulations, ANSI B175.1-1985 sections 4.9.4, 4.12, 4.15, 7 and 8, or the current version: ANSI B175.1-1991 sections 5.9.4, 5.12, 5.15, 8 and 9. 2. American National Standard for Gas-Fired Room Heaters, Volume II, Unvented Room Heaters, ANSI Z21.11.2-1989 and addenda ANSI Z21.11.2 a and b- 1991), sections 1.8, 1.20.9, and 2.9. [57 FR 34230, Aug. 4, 1992] PART 1116_REPORTS SUBMITTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 37 OF THE CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY ACT--Table of Contents Sec. 1116.1 Purpose. 1116.2 Definitions. 1116.3 Persons who must report under section 37. 1116.4 Where to report. 1116.5 When must a report be made. 1116.6 Contents of section 37 reports. 1116.7 Scope of section 37 and its relationship to section 15(b) of the CPSA. 1116.8 Determination of particular model. 1116.9 Confidentiality of reports. 1116.10 Restrictions on use of reports. 1116.11 Reports of civil actions under section 37 not admissions. 1116.12 Commission response to section 37 reports. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2055(e), 2084. Source: 57 FR 34239, Aug. 4, 1992, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1116.1 Purpose. The purpose of this part 1116 is to establish procedures for filing with the Consumer Product Safety Commission (``the Commission'') reports required by section 37 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) (15 U.S.C. 2084) and to set forth the Commission's interpretation of the provisions of section 37. Sec. 1116.2 Definitions. (a) A 24-month period(s) means the 24-month period beginning on January 1, 1991, and each subsequent 24-month period beginning on January 1 of the calendar year that is two years following the beginning of the previous 24-month period. The first statutory two year period ends on December 31, 1992. The second begins on January 1, 1993 and ends on December 31, 1994, and so forth. (b) Grievous bodily injury includes, but is not limited to, any of the following categories of injury: (1) Mutilation or disfigurement. Disfigurement includes permanent facial disfigurement or non-facial scarring that results in permanent restriction of motion; (2) Dismemberment or amputation, including the removal of a limb or other appendage of the body; (3) The loss of important bodily functions or debilitating internal disorder. These terms include: (i) Permanent injury to a vital organ, in any degree; (ii) The total loss or loss of use of any internal organ, (iii) Injury, temporary or permanent, to more than one internal organ; (iv) Permanent brain injury to any degree or with any residual disorder (e.g. epilepsy), and brain or brain stem injury including coma and spinal cord injuries; (v) Paraplegia, quadriplegia, or permanent paralysis or paresis, to any degree; (vi) Blindness or permanent loss, to any degree, of vision, hearing, or sense of smell, touch, or taste; (vii) Any back or neck injury requiring surgery, or any injury requiring joint replacement or any form of prosthesis, or; (viii) Compound fracture of any long bone, or multiple fractures that result in permanent or significant temporary loss of the function of an important part of the body; (4) Injuries likely to require extended hospitalization, including any injury requiring 30 or more consecutive days of in-patient care in an acute care facility, or 60 or more consecutive days of in-patient care in a rehabilitation facility; (5) Severe burns, including any third degree burn over ten percent of the body or more, or any second degree burn over thirty percent of the body or more; (6) Severe electric shock, including ventricular fibrillation, neurological damage, or thermal damage to internal tissue caused by electric shock. (7) Other grievous injuries, including any allegation of traumatically induced disease. [[Page 233]] Manufacturers may wish to consult with the Commission staff to determine whether injuries not included in the examples above are regarded as grievous bodily injury. (c) A particular model of a consumer product is one that is distinctive in functional design, construction, warnings or instructions related to safety, function, user population, or other characteristics which could affect the product's safety related performance. (15 U.S.C. 2084(e)(2)) (1) The functional design of a product refers to those design features that directly affect the ability of the product to perform its intended use or purpose. (2) The construction of a product refers to its finished assembly or fabrication, its materials, and its components. (3) Warnings or instructions related to safety include statements of the principal hazards associated with a product, and statements of precautionary or affirmative measures to take during the use, handling, or storage of a product, to the extent that a reasonable person would understand such statements to be related to the safety of the product. Warnings or instructions may be written or graphically depicted and may be attached to the product or appear on the product itself, in operating manuals, or in other literature that accompanies or describes the product. (4) The function of a product refers to its intended use or purpose. (5) User population refers to the group or class of people by whom a product is principally used. While the manufacturer's stated intent may be relevant to an inquiry concerning the nature of the user population, the method of distribution, the availability of the product to the public and to specific groups, and the identity of purchasers or users of the product should be considered. (6) Other characteristics which could affect a product's safety related performance include safety features incorporated into the product to protect against foreseeable risks that might arise during the use, handling, or storage of a product. (d) The term manufacturer means any person who manufactures or imports a consumer product. (15 U.S.C. 2052(a)(4)). [57 FR 34239, Aug. 4, 1992, as amended at 58 FR 16121, Mar. 25, 1993] Sec. 1116.3 Persons who must report under section 37. A manufacturer of a consumer product must report if: (a) A particular model of the product is the subject of at least 3 civil actions filed in Federal or State Court; (b) Each suit alleges the involvement of that particular model in death or grievous bodily injury; (c) The manufacturer is-- (1) A party to, or (2) Is involved in the defense of or has notice of each action prior to entry of a final order, and is involved in the discharge of any obligation owed to plaintiff under the settlement of or in satisfaction of the judgment after adjudication in each of the suits; and (d) During one of the 24-month periods defined in Sec. 1116.2(a), each of the three actions results in either a final settlement involving the manufacturer or in a court judgment in favor of the plaintiff. For reporting purposes, a multiple plaintiff suit for death or grievous bodily injury is reportable if the suit involves three or more separate incidents of injury. The reporting obligation arises when at least three plaintiffs have settled their claims or when a combination of settled claims and adjudications favorable to plaintiffs reaches three. Multiple lawsuits arising from one incident involving the same product only count as one lawsuit for the purposes of section 37. Sec. 1116.4 Where to report. Reports must be sent in writing to the Commission's Office of Compliance and Enforcement, Division of Corrective Actions, Washington, DC 20207, telephone (301) 504-0608). Sec. 1116.5 When must a report be made. (a) A manufacturer must report to the Commission within 30 days after the final settlement or court judgment in the last of the three civil actions referenced in Sec. 1116.3. (b) If a manufacturer has filed a section 37 report within one of the 24-month periods defined in Sec. 1116.2(a), the manufacturer must also report the information required by section 37(c)(1) [[Page 234]] for any subsequent settlement or judgment in a civil action that alleges that the same particular model of the product was involved in death or grievous bodily injury and that takes place during the same 24-month period. Each such supplemental report must be filed within 30 days of the settlement or final judgment in the reportable civil action. Sec. 1116.6 Contents of section 37 reports. (a) Required information. With respect to each of the civil actions that is the subject of a report under section 37, the report must contain the following information: (1) The name and address of the manufacturer of the product that was the subject of each civil action; (2) The model and model number or designation of the consumer product subject to each action; (3) A statement as to whether the civil action alleged death or grievous bodily injury, and, in the case of an allegation of grievous bodily injury, a statement of the category of such injury; (4) A statement as to whether the civil action resulted in a final settlement or a judgment in favor of the plaintiff; and (5) In the case of a judgment in favor of the plaintiff, the name of the civil action, the number assigned to the civil action, and the court in which the civil action was filed. (b) Optional information. A manufacturer furnishing a report may include: (1) A statement as to whether any judgment in favor of the plaintiff is under appeal or is expected to be appealed (section 15 U.S.C. 2084(c)(2)(A)); (2) Any other information that the manufacturer chooses to provide (15 U.S.C. 2084(c)(2)(B)), including the dates on which final orders were entered in the reported lawsuits, and, where appropriate, an explanation why the manufacturer has not previously filed a report under section 15(b) of the CPSA covering the same particular product model that is the subject of the section 37 report; and (3) A specific denial that the information it submits reasonably supports the conclusion that its consumer product caused a death or grievous bodily injury. (c) Statement of amount not required. A manufacturer submitting a section 37 report is not required by section 37 or any other provision of the Consumer Product Safety Act to provide a statement of any amount paid in final settlement of any civil action that is the subject of the report. (d) Admission of liability not required. A manufacturer reporting to the Commission under section 37 need not admit that the information it reports supports the conclusion that its consumer product caused a death or grievous bodily injury. Sec. 1116.7 Scope of section 37 and its relationship to section 15(b) of the CPSA. (a) According to the legislative history of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 1990, the purpose of section 37 is to increase the reporting of information to the Commission that will assist it in carrying out its responsibilities. (b) Section 37(c)(1) requires a manufacturer or importer (hereinafter ``manufacturer'') to include in a section 37 report a statement as to whether a civil action that is the subject of the report alleged death or grievous bodily injury. Furthermore, under section 37(c)(2), a manufacturer may specifically deny that the information it submits pursuant to section 37 reasonably supports the conclusion that its consumer product caused a death or grievous bodily injury, and may also include any additional information that it chooses to provide. In view of the foregoing, the reporting obligation is not limited to those cases in which a product has been adjudicated as the cause of death or grievous injury or to those settled or adjudicated cases in which the manufacturer has satisfied itself that the product was the cause of such trauma. Rather, when the specific injury alleged by the plaintiff meets the definition of ``grievous bodily injury'' contained in Sec. 1116.2(b) of this part, the lawsuit falls within the scope of section 37 after settlement or adjudication. The manufacturer's opinion as to the validity of the allegation is irrelevant for reporting purposes. The [[Page 235]] category of injury alleged may be clear from the face of an original or amended complaint in a case or may reasonably be determined during pre- complaint investigation, post-complaint discovery, or informal settlement negotiation. Conclusory language in a complaint that the plaintiff suffered grievous bodily injury without further elaboration raises a presumption that the injury falls within one of the statutory categories, but is insufficient in itself to bring the suit within the ambit of the statute, unless the defendant manufacturer elects to settle such a matter without any investigation of the underlying facts. A case alleging the occurrence of grievous bodily injury in which a litigated verdict contains express findings that the injury suffered by the plaintiff did not meet the statutory criteria is also not reportable. Should a manufacturer believe that its product is wrongly implicated in an action, the statute expressly incorporates the mechanism for the manufacturer to communicate that belief to the Commission by denying in the report the involvement of the product or that the injury in fact suffered by the plaintiff was not grievous bodily injury, despite the plaintiff's allegations to the contrary. In addition, the statute imposes stringent confidentiality requirements on the disclosure by the Commission or the Department of Justice of information submitted pursuant to sections 37(c)(1) and 37(c)(2)(A). Moreover, it specifies that the reporting of a civil action shall not constitute an admission of liability under any statute or common law or under the relevant provisions of the Consumer Product Safety Act. In view of these safeguards, the reporting of lawsuits alleging the occurrence of death or grievous injury should have little adverse effect on manufacturers. (c) Section 37 applies to judgments and ``final settlements''. Accordingly, the date on which a civil action is filed or the date on which the product that is the subject of such an action was manufactured is irrelevant to the obligation to report. A settlement is final upon the entry by a court of an order disposing of a civil action with respect to the manufacturer of the product that is the subject of the action, even through the case may continue with respect to other defendants. (d) A judgment becomes reportable upon the entry of a final order by the trial court disposing of the matter in favor of the plaintiff and from which an appeal lies. Because section 37(c)(2) specifies that a reporting manufacturer may include a statement that a judgment in favor of a plaintiff is under appeal or is expected to be appealed, Congress clearly intended section 37 to apply prior to the exhaustion of or even the initiation of action to seek appellate remedies. (e) No language in section 37 limits the reporting obligation to those litigated cases in which the plaintiff prevails completely. Therefore, if a court enters a partial judgment in favor of the plaintiff, the judgment is reportable, unless it is unrelated to the product that is the subject of the suit. For example, if a manufacturer's product is exonerated during a suit, but liability is assessed against another defendant, the manufacturer need not report under section 37. (f)(1) Section 37 applies to civil actions that allege the involvement of a particular model of a consumer product in death or grievous bodily injury. Section 3(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2052(a)) defines a ``consumer product'' as any article, or component part thereof, produced or distributed for sale to a consumer for use in or around a permanent or temporary household or residence, a school, in recreation, or otherwise, or for the personal use, consumption, or enjoyment of a consumer in or around a permanent or temporary household or residence, a school, in recreation, or otherwise. The term ``consumer product'' does not include any article which is not customarily produced or distributed for sale to, or use or consumption by, or enjoyment of, a consumer. (2) Since section 37 focuses on consumer products, it is the responsibility of the manufacturer of a product implicated in a civil action to determine whether the production or distribution of the product satisfies the statutory criteria of section 3(a). If it does, the action falls within the ambit of section 37. True industrial products are beyond the scope of section 37. However, if a [[Page 236]] lawsuit is based on an allegation of injury involving a consumer product, that suit falls within the scope of section 37, even though the injury may have occurred during the use of the product in employment. By the same token, occupational injuries arising during the fabrication of a consumer product are not reportable if the entity involved in the injury is not a consumer product at the time the injury occurs. In determining whether a product meets the statutory definition, manufacturers may wish to consult the relevant case law and the advisory opinions issued by the Commission's Office of the General Counsel. The unique circumstances surrounding litigation involving asbestos- containing products warrant one exception to this analysis. The Commission, as a matter of agency discretion, will require manufacturers of such products to report under section 37 only those lawsuits that allege the occurrence of death or grievous bodily injury as the result of exposure to asbestos from a particular model of a consumer product purchased by a consumer for personal use. Such lawsuits would include not only injury to the purchaser, but also to other consumers including family, subsequent property owners, and visitors. The Commission may consider granting similar relief to manufacturers of other products that present a risk of chronic injury similar to that presented by asbestos. Any such request must contain documented evidence demonstrating that compliance with the reporting requirements will be unduly burdensome and will be unlikely to produce information that will assist the Commission in carrying out its obligations under the statutes it administers. (g) The definition of ``consumer product'' also encompasses a variety of products that are subject to regulation under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (15 U.S.C. 1261 et seq.), the Poison Prevention Packaging Act (15 U.S.C. 1471 et seq.), the Flammable Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C. 1191 et seq.), and the Refrigerator Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 1211 et seq.). Lawsuits involving such products are also subject to section 37, notwithstanding the fact that the products may be regulated or subject to regulation under one of the other statutes. (h) Relationship of Section 37 to Section 15 of the CPSA. (1) Section 37 plays a complementary role to the reporting requirements of section 15(b) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2064(b)). Section 15(b) establishes a substantial obligation for firms to review information as it becomes available to determine whether an obligation to report exists. Accordingly, the responsibility to report under section 15(b) may arise long before enough lawsuits involving a product are resolved to create the obligation to report under section 37. The enactment of section 15(b)(3) in the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 1990 reinforces this expectation. Under this amendment, manufacturers must report to the Commission when they obtain information that reasonably supports the conclusion that a product creates an unreasonable risk of serious injury or death. Previously, the reporting obligation for unregulated products only arose when available information indicated that the product in question was defective and created a substantial product hazard because of the pattern of the defect, the severity of the risk of injury, the number of products distributed in commerce, etc. The effect of the 1990 amendment is discussed in detail in the Commission's interpretative rule relating to the reporting of substantial product hazards at 16 CFR part 1115. (2) The new substantive reporting requirements of section 15(b)(3) support the conclusion that Congress intended section 37 to capture product-related accident information that has not been reported under section 15(b). Between the time a firm learns of an incident or problem involving a product that raises safety-related concerns and the time that a lawsuit involving that product is resolved by settlement or adjudication, the firm generally has numerous opportunities to evaluate whether a section 15 report is appropriate. Such evaluation might be appropriate, for example, after an analysis of product returns, the receipt of an insurance investigator's report, a physical examination of the product, the interview or deposition of an injured party or an eyewitness to the event that gave rise [[Page 237]] to the lawsuit, or even preparation of the firm's responses to plaintiff's discovery requests. Even if a manufacturer does not believe that a report is required prior to the resolution of a single lawsuit, an obligation to investigate whether a report is appropriate may arise if, for example, a verdict in favor of the plaintiff raises the issue of whether the product in question creates an unreasonable risk of death or serious injury. (3) In contrast, the application of section 37 does not involve the discretionary judgment and subjective analyses of hazard and causation associated with section 15 reports. Once the statutory criteria of three settled or adjudicated civil actions alleging grievous injury or death in a two year period are met, the obligation to report under section 37 is automatic. For this reason, the Commission regards section 37 as a ``safety net'' to surface product hazards that remain unreported either intentionally or by inadvertence. The provisions in the law limiting such reports to cases in which three or more lawsuits alleging grievous injury or death are settled or adjudicated in favor of plaintiffs during a two year period provide assurance that the product involved presents a sufficiently grave risk of injury to warrant consideration by the Commission. Indeed, once the obligation to report under section 37 arises, the obligation to file a section 15 report concurrently may exist if the information available to the manufacturer meets the criteria established in section 15(b) for reporting. (4) Section 37 contains no specific record keeping requirements. However, to track and catalog lawsuits to determine whether they are reportable, prudent manufacturers will develop and maintain information systems to index and retain lawsuit data. In the absence of a prior section 15 report, once such systems are in place, such manufacturers will be in a position to perform a two-fold analysis to determine whether the information contained in such systems is reportable under either section 15(b) or 37. A manufacturer might conclude, for example, that the differences between products that are the subject of different lawsuits make them different models or that the type of injury alleged in one or more of the suits is not grievous bodily injury. Based on this analysis, the manufacturer might also conclude that the suits are thus not reportable under section 37. However, a reporting obligation under section 15 may exist in any event if the same information reasonably supports the conclusion that the product(s) contain a defect which could create a substantial product hazard or create an unreasonable risk of serious injury or death. Sec. 1116.8 Determination of particular model. (a) The obligation rests with the manufacturer of a product to determine whether a reasonable basis exists to conclude that a product that is the subject of a settled or adjudicated lawsuit is sufficiently different from other similar products to be regarded as a ``particular model'' under section 37 because it is ``distinctive.'' To determine whether a product is ``distinctive'', the proper inquiry should be directed toward the degree to which a product differs from other comparable products in one or more of the characteristics enumerated in section 37(e)(2) and Sec. 1116.2(c) of this part. A product is ``distinctive'' if, after an analysis of information relating to one or more of the statutory characteristics, a manufacturer, acting in accordance with the customs and practices of the trade of which it is a member, could reasonably conclude that the difference between that product and other items of the same product class manufactured or imported by the same manufacturer is substantial and material. Information relevant to the determination of whether a product is a ``particular model'' includes: (1) The description of the features and uses of the products in question in written material such as instruction manuals, description brochures, marketing or promotional programs, reports of certification of products, specification sheets, and product drawings. (2) The differences or similarities between products in their observable physical characteristics and in components or features that are not readily observable and that are incorporated in [[Page 238]] those products for safety-related purposes; (3) The customs and practices of the trade of which the manufacturer is a member in marketing, designating, or evaluating similar products. (4) Information on how consumers use the products and on consumer need or demand for different products, such as products of different size. In analyzing whether products are different models, differences in size or calibration afford the basis for distinguishing between products only if those differences make the products distinctive in functional design or function. (5) The history of the manufacturer's model identification and marketing of the products in question; (6) Whether variations between products relate solely to appearance, ornamentation, color, or other cosmetic features; such variations are not ordinarily sufficient to differentiate between models. (7) Whether component parts used in a product are interchangeable with or perform substantially the same function as comparable components in other units; if they are, the use of such components does not afford a basis for distinguishing between models. (8) Retail price. Substantial variations in price arising directly from the characteristics enumerated in section 37(e)(2) for evaluating product models may be evidence that products are different models because their differences are distinctive. Price variations imposed to accommodate different markets or vendors are not sufficient to draw such a distinction. (9) Manufacturer's designation, model number, or private label designation. These factors are not controlling in identifying ``particular models''. (10) Expert evaluation of the characteristics of the products in question, and surveys of consumer users or a manufacturer's retail customers. (b) The definition of ``consumer product'' expressly applies to components of consumer products. Should a component manufacturer be joined in a civil action against a manufacturer of a consumer product, the section 37 reporting requirements may apply to that manufacturer after a combination of three judgments or settlements involving the same component model during a two year period, even though the manufacturer of the finished product is exempt from such reporting because the lawsuits do not involve the same particular model of the finished consumer product. The same proposition holds true for common components used in different consumer products. If the manufacturer of such a component is a defendant in three suits and the requisite statutory criteria are met, the reporting obligations apply. (c) Section 37 expressly defines the reporting obligation in terms of the particular model of a product rather than the manner in which a product was involved in an accident. Accordingly, even if the characteristic of a product that caused or resulted in the deaths of grievous injuries alleged in three or more civil actions is the same in all of the suits, the requirement to report under section 37 would arise only if the same particular model was involved in at least three of the suits. However, the existence of such a pattern would strongly suggest that the obligation to file a report under section 15(b) (2) or (3) (15 U.S.C. 2064(b) (2) or (3)) exists because the information reasonably supports the conclusion that the product contains a defect that could present a substantial risk of injury to the public or creates an unreasonable risk of serious injury or death. (d) Section 37 does not require that the same category of injury be involved in multiple lawsuits for the reporting obligation to arise. As long as a particular model of a consumer product is the subject of at least three civil actions that are settled or adjudicated in favor of the plaintiff in one of the statutory two year periods, the manufacturer must report, even though the alleged category of injury and the alleged causal relationship of the product to the injury in each suit may differ. Sec. 1116.9 Confidentiality of reports. (a) Pursuant to section 6(e) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2055(e)) no member of the Commission, no officer or employee of the Commission, and no officer or employee of the Department of Justice [[Page 239]] may publicly disclose information furnished to the Commission under section 37(c)(1) and section 37(c)(2)(A) of the Act, except that: (1) An authenticated copy of a section 37 report furnished to the Commission by or on behalf of a manufacturer may, upon written request, be furnished to the manufacturer or its authorized agent after payment of the actual or estimated cost of searching the records and furnishing such copies; or (2) Any information furnished to the Commission under section 37 shall, upon written request of the Chairman or Ranking Minority Member of the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate or the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives or any subcommittee of such committee, be provided to the Chairman or Ranking Minority Member for purposes that are related to the jurisdiction of such committee or subcommittee. (b) The prohibition contained in section 6(e) (15 U.S.C. 2055(e)) against the disclosure of information submitted pursuant to section 37 only applies to the specific items of information that a manufacturer is required to submit under section 37(c)(1) and to statements under section 37(c)(2)(A) relating to the possibility or existence of an appeal of a reported judgment adverse to a manufacturer. Section 6(e)(1) does not, by its terms, apply to information that the manufacturer voluntarily chooses to submit pursuant to section 37(c)(2)(B). Thus, disclosure of such information is governed by the other provisions of section 6 of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2055) and by the interpretative rules issued by the Commission (16 CFR parts 1101 and 1015). For example, if a manufacturer includes information otherwise reportable under section 15 as part of a section 37 report, the Commission will treat the information reported pursuant to section 15 as ``additional information'' submitted pursuant to section 37(c)(2)(B). Generally, any issue of the public disclosure of that information will be controlled by the relevant provisions of section 6(b), including section 6(b)(5) relating to the disclosure of substantial product hazard reports, and section 6(a) relating to the disclosure of confidential or trade secret information. However, to the extent the section 15 report reiterates or references information reported under section 37, the confidentiality provisions of section 6(e) still apply to the reiteration or reference. In addition, interpretative regulations issued under section 6(b) of the Act establish that disclosure of certain information may be barred if the disclosure would not be fair in the circumstances. 16 CFR 1101.33. Accordingly, issues of releasing additional information submitted pursuant to section 37 will also be evaluated under the fairness provisions of section 6(b). Should the Commission receive a request for such information or contemplate disclosure on its own initiative, the manufacturer will be given an opportunity to present arguments to the Commission why the information should not be disclosed, including, if appropriate, why disclosure of the information would be unfair in the circumstances. Among the factors the Commission will consider in evaluating the fairness of releasing the information are the nature of the information, the fact that it is an adjunct to a Congressional protected report, and whether the information in question supports the conclusion that a section 37 or 15(b), CPSA, report should have been filed earlier. (c) Section 6(e) imposes no confidentiality requirements on information obtained by the Commission independently of a report pursuant to section 37. The provisions of section 6(b) govern the disclosure of such information. Sec. 1116.10 Restrictions on use of reports. No member of the Commission, no officer or employee of the Commission, and no officer or employee of the Department of Justice may use information provided to the Commission under section 37 for any purpose other than to carry out the responsibilities of the Commission. Sec. 1116.11 Reports of civil actions under section 37 not admissions. Pursuant to section 37(d), 15 U.S.C. 2084(d), the reporting of a civil action under section 37 shall not constitute an admission of-- (a) An unreasonable risk of injury; [[Page 240]] (b) A defect in the consumer product which was the subject of the civil action; (c) A substantial product hazard; (d) An imminent hazard; or (e) Any other liability under any statute or any common law. Sec. 1116.12 Commission response to section 37 reports. Upon receipt of a section 37 report, the Commission will evaluate the information contained in the report and any relevant information contained in its files or data bases to determine what, if any, follow- up or remedial action by the Commission is appropriate. If the Commission requires additional information, it will notify the manufacturer in writing of the specific information to provide. In addition, the Commission will routinely review section 37 reports to determine whether the reporting manufacturers have fulfilled their obligations under both sections 37 and 15(b) in a timely manner. Such a review may also engender a request for additional information, including the dates on which final orders were entered in each of the lawsuits reported under section 37. The Commission will treat any subsequent submission of information by the manufacturer as a submission under section 37(c)(2)(B) subject to the restrictions on public disclosure contained in sections 6(a) and (b) of the Consumer Product Safety Act. PART 1117_REPORTING OF CHOKING INCIDENTS INVOLVING MARBLES, SMALL BALLS, LATEX BALLOONS AND OTHER SMALL PARTS--Table of Contents Sec. 1117.1 Purpose. 1117.2 Definitions. 1117.3 Reportable information. 1117.4 Time for filing a report. 1117.5 Information that must be reported and to whom. 1117.6 Relation to section 15(b) of the CPSA. 1117.7 Confidentiality of reports. 1117.8 Effect of reports on liability. 1117.9 Prohibited acts and sanctions. Authority: Section 102 of the Child Safety Protection Act (Pub. L. No. 103-267), section 16(b), 15 U.S.C. 2065(b) and 5 U.S.C. 553. Source: 60 FR 10493, Feb. 27, 1995, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1117.1 Purpose. The purpose of this part is to set forth the Commission's interpretative regulations for reporting of choking incidents required by the Child Safety Protection Act. The statute requires that each manufacturer, distributor, retailer, and importer of a marble, small ball, or latex balloon, or a toy or a game that contains a marble, small ball, latex balloon, or other small part, shall report to the Commission any information obtained by such manufacturer, distributor, retailer, or importer which reasonably supports the conclusion that an incident occurred in which a child (regardless of age) choked on such a marble, small ball, or latex balloon or on a marble, small ball, latex balloon, or other small part contained in such toy or game and, as a result of that incident the child died, suffered serious injury, ceased breathing for any length of time, or was treated by a medical professional. Sec. 1117.2 Definitions. (a) Small part means any part, component, or piece of a toy or game, which, when tested in accordance with the procedures in 16 CFR 1501.4(a) and 1501.4(b)(1), fits entirely within the cylinder shown in Figure 1 appended to 16 CFR 1501. (b) Small ball means any ball that under the influence of its own weight, passes, in any orientation, entirely through a circular hole with a diameter of 1.75 inches (4.445 cm) in a rigid template .25 inches (6 mm.) thick. For purposes of this designation, the term ``ball'' includes any spherical, ovoid, or ellipsoidal object that is designed or intended to be thrown, hit, kicked, rolled, or bounced, and is either not permanently attached to another toy or article, or is attached to such a toy or article by means of a string, elastic cord, or similar tether. The term ball includes any multi-sided object formed by connecting planes into a generally spherical, ovoid, or ellipsoidal shape that is designated or intended to be used as a ball, and any novelty item of [[Page 241]] a generally spherical, ovoid, or ellipsoidal shape that is designated or intended to be used as a ball. (c) Choked means suffered an obstruction of the airways. (d) A latex balloon is a toy or decorative item consisting of a latex bag that is designed to be inflated by air or gas. The term does not include inflatable children's toys that are used in aquatic activities, such as rafts, water wings, life rings, etc. (e) A marble is a ball made of a hard material, such as glass, agate, marble or plastic, that is used in various children's games, generally as a playing piece or marker. (f) Serious injury includes not only the concept of ``grievous bodily injury'' defined in the Commission's rule for Substantial Hazard Reports at 16 CFR 1115.12(d), but also any other significant injury. Injuries necessitating hospitalization which require actual medical or surgical treatment and injuries necessitating absence from school or work of more than one day are examples of situations in which the Commission shall presume that such a serious injury has occurred. (g) Subject firm means any manufacturer, distributor, retailer or importer of marbles, small balls, latex balloons, or a toy or game that contains a marble, small ball, latex balloon, or other small part. (h) Toy or game includes any toy or game, including those exempt under 16 CFR 1501.3 from the small parts banning provisions of 16 CFR 1500.18(a)(9). [60 FR 10493, Feb. 27, 1995, as amended at 60 FR 41801, Aug. 14, 1995] Sec. 1117.3 Reportable information. A subject firm shall report any information it obtains which reasonably supports the conclusion that a reportable incident occurred. Generally, firms should report any information provided to the company, orally or in writing, which states that a child choked on a marble, small ball, latex balloon, or on a marble, small ball, latex balloon or other small part contained in a toy or game and, as a result of that incident the child died, suffered serious injury, ceased breathing for any length of time, or was treated by a medical professional. Subject firms must not wait until they have investigated the incident or conclusively resolved whether the information is accurate or whether their product was involved in the incident. Firms shall not wait to determine conclusively the cause of the death, injury, cessation of breathing or necessity for treatment. An allegation that such a result followed the choking incident is sufficient to require a report. Sec. 1117.4 Time for filing a report. (a) A subject firm must report within 24 hours of obtaining information which reasonably supports the conclusion that an incident occurred in which a child (regardless of age) choked on a marble, small ball, or latex balloon or on a marble, small ball, latex balloon, or other small part contained in a toy or game and, as a result of that incident the child died, suffered serious injury, ceased breathing for any length of time, or was treated by a medical professional. Section 1117.5 of this part sets forth the information that must be reported. (b) The Commission will deem a subject firm to have obtained reportable information when the information has been received by an official or employee who may reasonably be expected to be capable of appreciating the significance of the information. Under ordinary circumstances, 5 days shall be the maximum reasonable time for information to reach such an employee, the Chief Executive Officer or the official or employee responsible for complying with the reporting requirements of section 102 of the Child Safety Protection Act. Sec. 1117.5 Information that must be reported and to whom. (a) Reports shall be directed to the Division of Corrective Actions, Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, Maryland 20815 (Mailing Address: Washington, D.C. 20207) (Phone: 301- 504-0608, facsimile: 301-504-0359). (b) Subject firms must report as much of the following information as is known when the report is made: (1) The name, address, and title of the person submitting the report to the Commission, [[Page 242]] (2) The name and address of the subject firm, (3) The name and address of the child who choked and the person(s) who notified the subject firm of the choking incident, (4) Identification of the product involved including the date(s) of distribution, model or style number, a description of the product (including any labeling and warnings), a description of the marble, small ball, latex balloon or other small part involved, and pictures or sample if available, (5) A description of the choking incident and any injuries that resulted or medical treatment that was necessary, (6) Copies of any information obtained about the choking incident, (7) Any information about changes made to the product or its labeling or warnings with the intention of avoiding such choking incidents, including, but not limited to, the date(s) of the change and its implementation, and a description of the change. Copies of any engineering drawings or product and label samples that depict the change(s). (8) The details of any public notice or other corrective action planned by the firm, (9) Such other information as appropriate. (c) Retailers or distributors should supply as much of the information required in paragraph (b) of this section as is available to them but are not required to obtain information about product design changes or recall activities from the product manufacturer. (d) Within ten days of their initial report, subject firms must supplement their reports to supply any of the information required by paragraph (b) of this section that was not available at the time of the initial report. Sec. 1117.6 Relation to section 15(b) of the CPSA. Section 15(b) of the CPSA requires subject firms to report when they obtain information which reasonably supports the conclusion that products they distributed in commerce fail to comply with an applicable consumer product safety rule or with a voluntary consumer product safety standard upon which the Commission has relied under section 9 of the CPSA, contain a defect which could create a substantial product hazard, or create an unreasonable risk of serious injury or death. The Commission's rules interpreting this provision are set forth at 16 CFR part 1115. The requirements of section 102 of the CSPA and this part are in addition to, but not to the exclusion of, the requirements in section 15(b) and part 1115. To comply with section 15(b), subject firms must continue to evaluate safety information they obtain about their products. Subject firms may have an obligation to report under section 15(b) of the CPSA whether or not they obtain information about choking incidents. Firms must also comply with the lawsuit-reporting provisions of section 37 of the CPSA, interpreted at 16 CFR part 1116. Sec. 1117.7 Confidentiality of reports. The confidentiality provisions of section 6 of the CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2055, apply to reports submitted under this part. The Commission shall afford information submitted under this part the protection afforded to information submitted under section 15(b), in accordance with section 6(b)(5) of the CPSA and subpart G of part 1101 of title 16 of the CFR. Sec. 1117.8 Effect of reports on liability. A report by a manufacturer, distributor, retailer, or importer under this part shall not be interpreted, for any purpose, as an admission of liability or of the truth of the information contained in the report. Sec. 1117.9 Prohibited acts and sanctions. (a) Whoever knowingly and willfully falsifies or conceals a material fact in a report submitted under this part is subject to criminal penalties under 18 U.S.C. 1001. (b) A failure to report to the Commission in a timely fashion as required by this part is a prohibited act under section 19(a)(3) of the CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2068(a)(3). (c) A subject firm that knowingly fails to report is subject to civil penalties under section 20 of the CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2069. Knowing means the having of actual knowledge or the presumed [[Page 243]] having of knowledge deemed to be possessed by a reasonable person who acts in the circumstances, including knowledge obtainable upon the exercise of due care to ascertain the truth of representations. Section 20(d) of the CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2069(d). (d) Any person who knowingly and willfully violates section 19 of this Act after having received notice of noncompliance from the Commission may be subject to criminal penalties under section 21 of the CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2070. PART 1118_INVESTIGATIONS, INSPECTIONS AND INQUIRIES UNDER THE CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY ACT--Table of Contents Subpart A_Procedures for Investigations, Inspections, and Inquiries Sec. 1118.1 Definitions, initiation of investigations, inspections, and inquiries and delegations. 1118.2 Conduct and scope of inspections. 1118.3 Compulsory processes and service. 1118.4 Subpoenas. 1118.5 Investigational hearings. 1118.6 Depositions. 1118.7 Rights of witnesses at investigational hearings and of deponents at depositions. 1118.8 General or special orders seeking information. 1118.9 Motions to limit or quash subpoenas and general or special orders and delegation to modify terms for compliance. 1118.10 Remedies for failure to permit authorized investigations. 1118.11 Nonexclusive delegation of power. Subpart B_Consent Order Agreements 1118.20 Procedures for consent order agreements. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2063; 15 U.S.C. 2065; 15 U.S.C. 2068; 15 U.S.C. 2076; sec. 3, Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016. Source: 44 FR 34929, June 18, 1979, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_Procedures for Investigations, Inspections, and Inquiries Sec. 1118.1 Definitions, initiation of investigations, inspections, and inquiries and delegations. (a) Definitions. For the purpose of these rules, the following definitions apply: (1) Act means the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2051, et seq.). (2) Commission means the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (3) Firm means a manufacturer, private labeler, distributor, or retailer of a consumer product, except as otherwise provided by section 16(b) of the Act. (4) Investigation is an undertaking by the Commission to obtain information for implementing, enforcing, or determining compliance with the Consumer Product Safety Act and the regulations, rules, and orders issued under the Act. The term investigation includes, but is not limited to, inspections (Sec. 1118.2), investigational hearings (Sec. 1118.5), and inquiries; employing subpoenas (Sec. 1118.4), depositions (Sec. 1118.6), and general or special orders (Sec. 1118.9). (5) The definition of the terms set forth in section 3 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2052) shall apply to this part 1118. (b) Initiation of Investigations and Inquiries. Investigations and inquiries will be initiated by the Commission in any manner authorized by law. (c) Initiation of Inspections. An inspection as described in Sec. 1118.2 is initiated when the Commission or its delegate authorizes the issuance of a written notice of inspection, described in Sec. 1118.2(c). (d) Delegations of Authority. The Commission hereby delegates to the Associate Executive Director for Compliance and Enforcement; the Solicitor, the Directors of the Divisions of Enforcement; the Solicitor, the Directors of the Divisions of Enforcement, Product Defect Correction, and Regulatory Management; and the directors of area offices, the power to initiate inspections in the same manner as the Commission. [[Page 244]] Sec. 1118.2 Conduct and scope of inspections. (a) After an inspection is initiated as set forth in Sec. 1118.1, an officer or employee duly designated by the Commission shall issue the notice of inspection (hereinafter referred to as ``notice''). Upon presenting the notice, along with appropriate credentials, to the person or agent in charge of the firm to be inspected, the Commission officer or employee is authorized for the purposes set forth in Sec. 1118.1(a): (1) To enter, at reasonable times, any factory, warehouse, firewalled third party conformity assessment body, or establishment in which products are manufactured, tested, or held, in connection with distribution in commerce, or any conveyance being used to transport products in connection with distribution in commerce; and (2) To inspect, at reasonable times and in a reasonable manner, any conveyance or those areas of the factory, warehouse, firewalled third party conformity assessment body, or establishment where products are manufactured, tested, held, or transported and that may relate to the safety of those products; and (3) To have access to and to copy all relevant records, books, documents, papers, packaging, or labeling which: (i) Are required by the Commission to be established, made or maintained, or (ii) Show or relate to the production, inventory, testing, distribution, sale, transportation, importation, or receipt of any product, or that are otherwise relevant to determining whether any person or firm has acted or is acting in compliance with the Act and regulations, rules, and orders promulgated under the Act, and (4) To obtain: (i) Information, both oral and written, concerning the production, inventory, testing, distribution, sale, transportation, importation, or receipt of any product, and the organization, business, conduct, practices, and management of any person or firm being inspected and its relation to any other person or firm; (ii) Samples of items, materials, substances, products, containers, packages and packaging, and labels and labeling, or any component at manufacturer's, distributor's, third party conformity assessment body's, or retailer's cost, unless voluntarily provided; and (iii) Information, both oral and written, concerning any matter referred to in the Act and these rules. (b) A separate notice shall be given for each inspection, but a notice is not required for each entry made during the course of the same inspection. Each inspection shall be commenced at and completed within a reasonable period of time. (c) The notice of inspection shall include the name and address of the person or firm being inspected; the name and title of the Commission officer or employee; the date and time of the anticipated entry; pertinent extracts from the statutory provisions upon which the right to access is based; pertinent extracts from Sec. 1118.2 of these rules setting forth the authority of Commission officers or employees and the types of information and items they are authorized to obtain; a statement that the inspection will be conducted and the information will be provided with the cooperation of the person or firm being inspected; a statement which sets forth the purposes of the inspection and the nature of the information and items to be obtained and/or copied; and a statement that those from whom information is requested should state in writing whether any of the information submitted is believed to contain or relate to a trade secret or other matter which should be considered by the Commission to be confidential in accordance with section 6(a)(2) of the Act (15 U.S.C. 2055(a)(2)) and whether any of the information is believed to be entitled to exemption from disclosure by the Commission under the provisions of the Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. 552) and the Commission's regulations under that Act, 16 CFR part 1015 (42 FR 10496, February 22, 1977) or as amended. Any statement asserting this claim of confidentiality must be in writing, and any request for exemption of the information from disclosure must be made in accordance with the Commission's Freedom of Information Act regulations, 16 CFR part 1015 (42 FR 10490, February 22, 1977) or as amended. [[Page 245]] (d) If upon being presented with a notice by an officer or employee duly designated by the Commission, the person or agent-in-charge of the firm being inspected refuses to allow entry or inspection, the Commission may then seek a search warrant or take other appropriate legal action. If the person refuses to provide information, to allow access to or the copying of records, or to supply samples as provided in these rules, the officer or employee of the Commission shall complete the investigation to the extent that voluntary cooperation is provided. The Commission may take such additional action, including but not limited to seeking an ex parte search warrant, employing the compulsory process provided for in these rules, and/or taking other suitable legal action. If the person or agent in charge refuses to accept the notice upon its presentation, the officer or employee may affix the notice to a public entrance way on the premises and this shall constitute presentation of the notice. [44 FR 34929, June 18, 1979, as amended at 78 FR 15868, Mar. 12, 2013] Sec. 1118.3 Compulsory processes and service. (a) In addition to or in lieu of authorizing the issuance of a notice, the Commission may elect either to seek an ex parte search warrant and/or use any other reasonable means authorized by law to initiate investigations, inspections, or inquires to obtain information for the purposes set forth in Sec. 1118.1(a), including but not limited to the following compulsory processes: (1) Subpoenas; (2) Investigational hearings; (3) Depositions; and (4) General or special orders. (b) Service in connection with any of the compulsory processes in Sec. 1118.3(a) shall be effected: (1) By personal service upon the person or agent in charge of the firm being investigated, inspected or inquired of; or (2) By certified mail or delivery to the last known residence or business address of anyone being investigated, inspected or inquired of; or (3) In the case of general or special orders where personal service, mailing or delivery has been unsuccessful, service may also be effected by publication in the Federal Register. (c) The date of service of any form of compulsory process shall be the date on which the document is received by mail, delivered in person or published in the Federal Register. In computing a period of time in which a party is required or permitted to act, the day from which the time begins to run shall not be included. The last day of the period shall be included, unless it is a Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday, in which event the period runs until the end of the next day that is not a Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday. (d) These rules shall be referred to in any notice of compulsory process served upon a person or firm. (e) Anyone submitting information in response to any of the compulsory processes referred to in Sec. 1118.3(a) should state whether any of the information submitted is believed to contain or relate to a trade secret or other matter which should be considered by the Commission to be confidential in accordance with section 6(a)(2) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2055(a)(2)) and whether any of the information is believed to be exempt from disclosure by the Commission under the provisions of the Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. 552) and the Commission's regulations under that Act, 16 CFR part 1015 (42 FR 10490, February 22, 1977) or as amended. Any claim of confidentiality must be in writing, and any request for exemption from disclosure must be made in accordance with the Commission's Freedom of Information Act regulations, 16 CFR part 1015 (42 FR 10490, February 22, 1977), or as amended. Sec. 1118.4 Subpoenas. The Commission may issue to any person or firm a subpoena requiring the production of documentary evidence (subpoena duces tecum) and/or attendance and testimony of witnesses (subpoena ad testificandum) relating to any matter under investigation. Procedures regarding compliance with subpoenas and motions to limit or quash subpoenas are provided for in Sec. 1118.9. [[Page 246]] Sec. 1118.5 Investigational hearings. (a) The Commission by subpoena may require any person or firm to provide information at an investigational hearing. These hearings shall be for the purpose of taking the testimony, under oath, of witnesses and receiving documents and other data relating to any subject under investigation. The hearings shall be presided over by the Commission, by one or more of the Commissioners, by an administrative law judge, or by a duly designated officer or employee, who shall be referred to as the presiding official. The hearings shall be stenographically reported, and the transcript shall be made a part of the record. (b) A Commissioner who participates in a hearing or other investigation, inspection, or inquiry shall not be disqualified solely by reason of that participation from subsequently participating in a Commission decision in the same matter. (c) Investigational hearings shall be closed to the public, unless otherwise ordered by the Commission. (d) The release of the record of the hearing shall be governed by the Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. 552), the Commission's regulations under that Act, 16 CFR part 1015 (42 FR 10490, February 22, 1977) or as amended and/or other applicable laws or regulations, except that a person required to give testimony or a deposition may, in accordance with Sec. 1118.7(d), obtain a copy of his or her testimony or deposition. Sec. 1118.6 Depositions. (a) The Commission by subpoena may require testimony to be taken by deposition at any stage of any investigation. Depositions may be taken before any person who is designated by the Commission and has the power to administer oaths. The person before whom the deposition is taken shall put the deponent under oath. The testimony given shall be reduced to writing by the person taking the deposition or under that person's direction and shall then be submitted to the deponent for signature unless the deponent waives the right to sign the deposition. All depositions shall be closed to the public, unless otherwise ordered by the Commission. The release of the record of such depositions shall be governed by the Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. 552), the Commission's regulations under that Act, 16 CFR part 1015 (42 FR 10490, February 22, 1977) or as amended and/or other applicable laws or regulations, except that the deponent may, in accordance with Sec. 1118.7(d), obtain a copy of his or her deposition. (b) Any changes which the deponent desires to make shall be entered on the face of the deposition and shall state the reasons for such changes. The deposition shall then be signed by the deponent, unless the deponent waives the right to sign, cannot be found, or is unable or refuses to sign. The deponent must sign the deposition within 30 days of its submission to him or her, or within such shorter time period as the Commission may designate. Whenever a deponent is required to sign in less than ten days, the Commission shall notify the deponent of the reasons for such shorter time period. If the deponent does not sign the deposition within the prescribed time period, the Commission designee shall sign it and state on the record the fact of the waiver of the right to sign or of the illness or absence of the deponent, or the deponent's inability or refusal to sign, together with the reason if any is given. The deposition may be used in any administrative proceeding, as provided by these rules, or any other proceeding, as allowed by applicable rules. Sec. 1118.7 Rights of witnesses at investigational hearings and of deponents at depositions. (a) Any person, agent, or officer of a firm, who is required to produce documentary evidence or give testimony as a witness at an investigational hearing conducted under provisions of Sec. 1118.5 or as a deponent at a deposition taken under provisions of Sec. 1118.6 may be accompanied by an attorney, or an officer or partner of the firm, who may act as representative for the witness or the deponent. However, a person who is subpoenaed to produce documentary evidence or give testimony at an investigational hearing or deposition cannot act as attorney or representative for another witness or deponent at the same proceeding. The term attorney [[Page 247]] refers to members of the bar of a Federal court or the courts of any State or Territory of the United States, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or the District of Columbia. The witness or deponent and his or her attorney or representative may act as follows during the course of an investigational hearing or deposition: (1) A witness or deponent may confer, in confidence, with his or her attorney or representative concerning any questions asked of the witness or deponent. If the witness, deponent, or his or her attorney or representative objects to a question or any other matter relevant to the investigational hearing or deposition, the objection and basis for it shall be stated on the record. In the case of an objection based upon self-incrimination, the privilege must be asserted by the witness or deponent. If a witness at an investigational hearing refuses to answer a question or provide other information, the presiding official shall have the authority to immediately order the witness to answer the question or provide the information requested, except in circumstances where, in the discretion of the presiding official an immediate ruling would be unwarranted and except where a refusal is based upon the privilege against self-incrimination. Otherwise all objections shall be ruled upon by presiding official at the time the objection is made. (2) Objections timely made under the provisions of Sec. 1118.7(a) shall be noted on the record, shall be treated as continuing, and shall be preserved throughout the proceeding without the necessity of repetition during similar lines of inquiry. (3) Except as provided by Sec. 1118.7(a), counsel for a witness or deponent may not interrupt the examination of the witness or the deponent by making objections or statements on the record. (4) Upon completion of the examination, any witness at an investigational hearing may clarify on the record any of his or her answers, or, if the witness is accompanied by an attorney or representative, the attorney or representative may examine the witness on the record as to answers previously given. In addition, the witness or his or her attorney or representative may make a brief statement at the conclusion of the hearing giving his, her or the firm's position with regard to matters under investigation. In order to prevent abuse of the investigational process, the presiding official shall have the authority to impose reasonable limitations on the period of time allowed for objections, clarification of answers, and statements of position. (5) Upon completion of all testimony, a deponent may clarify on the record any of his or her answers. The attorney or representative for a deponent may examine that deponent on the record to clarify answers previously given. (b) Any person, agent, or officer who is required to appear in person at an investigational hearing or at a deposition shall testify as to matters and information known and/or reasonably available to the person or firm involved. (c) Any person, agent or officer who is compelled by subpoena to appear in person at an investigational hearing or at a deposition shall receive the same fees and mileage allowances as are paid witnesses in the courts of the United States. (d) Any person, agent, or officer who is required to appear at an investigational hearing or at a deposition shall be entitled to retain a copy of any document submitted by him or her and, upon payment of lawfully prescribed costs, in accordance with the Commission's regulations under the Freedom of Information Act, shall be entitled to procure a copy of his or her own testimony as recorded. (e) The presiding official shall take all necessary action to regulate the course of the hearing, to avoid delay and to assure that reasonable standards of orderly and ethical conduct are maintained. The presiding official, for reasons stated on the record, shall immediately report to the Commission any instance in which a witness or his or her attorney or representative has refused to comply with the presiding official's directions or to adhere to reasonable standards of orderly and ethical conduct in the course of the hearing. The Commission shall take whatever action is appropriate under the circumstances. [[Page 248]] Sec. 1118.8 General or special orders seeking information. The Commission may require by the issuance of general or special orders any person or firm to submit in writing any reports and answers to questions as the Commission may prescribe. The reports or answers shall be made under oath, and shall be filed within the time prescribed by the Commission. Procedures regarding compliance with general or special orders and motions to limit or quash such orders are provided for in Sec. 1118.9. Sec. 1118.9 Motions to limit or quash subpoenas and general or special orders and delegation to modify terms for compliance. (a) The Commission hereby delegates to the Associate Executive Director for Compliance and Enforcement; the Solicitor; the Directors of Divisions of Enforcement, Product Defect Correction, and Regulatory Management; and the General Counsel the authority: (1) To negotiate and approve the terms of satisfactory compliance with subpoenas and general or special orders; (2) To impose conditions upon compliance with such compulsory processes; and (3) To extend the time for compliance and the time for filing motions to limit or quash. (b) The person or firm served with a subpoena or general or special order may file a motion to limit or quash the subpoena or order. Any motion to limit or quash shall set forth the reasons why the subpoena or order should be limited or quashed and may be accompanied by memoranda, affidavits, or other documents submitted in support of the motion. The motion must be received in the Office of the Secretary of the Commission within 10 calendar days of receipt of the subpoena or order unless: (1) The subpoena or order provides for a different time; or (2) The Commission, for good cause shown, grants an extension of time to file a motion. (c) Upon receipt of a motion to limit or quash, the Office of the Secretary shall immediately notify and transmit a copy to the appropriate staff member. Unless a different period of time is specified in the subpoena or order, the staff shall file an answer with the Office of the Secretary within 10 calendar days after receipt of the motion. A copy of the answer shall be served upon the moving party or the counsel of the moving party. No reply to the answer will be permitted. (d) All motions to limit or quash shall be ruled upon by the Commission. The Office of the Secretary shall serve the decision on a motion to limit or quash upon the moving party or the counsel for the moving party and shall furnish a copy of the decision to the appropriate staff member. The Commission's decision is a final decision. Motions for reconsideration will not be received. Sec. 1118.10 Remedies for failure to permit authorized investigations. In the event a person or firm fails to comply with any investigative process authorized by these rules, the Commission may seek appropriate action within its authority under the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2051, et seq.) Sec. 1118.11 Nonexclusive delegation of power. No provision contained herein delegating any of the Commission's powers shall be construed as limiting the authority of the Commission to exercise the same powers. Subpart B_Consent Order Agreements Sec. 1118.20 Procedures for consent order agreements. (a) For the procedure to be followed regarding consent order agreements involving section 15 of the Act (15 U.S.C. 2064), refer to the Commission's regulations relating to substantial product hazards (16 CFR part 1115). For all other consent order agreements under the Consumer Product Safety Act, the provisions set forth below are applicable. (b) The consent order agreement is a document executed by a person, or firm (consenting party) and a Commission staff representative which incorporates both a proposed complaint setting [[Page 249]] forth the staff's charges and a proposed order by which such charges are resolved. A consent order agreement shall contain the following provisions, as appropriate: (1) An admission of all jurisdictional facts by the consenting parties; (2) A waiver of any rights to an administrative or judicial hearing and of any other procedural steps including any rights to seek judicial review or otherwise challenge or contest the validity of the Commission's order; (3) A statement that the agreement is in settlement of the staff's charges and does not constitute an admission by the consenting party that the law has been violated; (4) A statement describing the alleged hazard, non-compliance or violation. (5) A statement that the Commission's order is issued under the provisions of the Act (15 U.S.C. 2051, et seq.); and that a violation of such order may subject the consenting party to appropriate legal action. (6) An acknowledgment that the consent order agreement only becomes effective upon its final acceptance by the Commission and its service upon the consenting party; (7) An acknowledgment that the Commission may disclose terms of the consent order agreement to the public; (8) A statement that the consenting party shall comply with the provisions of the agreement and order; (9) A statement that the requirements of the order are in addition to and not to the exclusion of other remedies under the Act. (c) At any time in the course of an investigation, the staff, with the approval of the Commission, may propose to the person or firm being investigated that any alleged violation be resolved by an agreement containing a consent order. Additionally, such a proposal may be made to the Commission staff by such person or firm. (d) Upon receiving an executed agreement, the Commission may: (1) Provisionally accept it; (2) Reject it and issue the complaint (in which case the matter will be scheduled for hearing in accordance with the Commission's Rules of Practice for Adjudicative Proceedings, 16 CFR part 1025, June 21, 1977 or as amended) and/or (3) Take such other action as it may deem appropriate. (e) If the agreement is provisionally accepted, the Commission shall place the agreement on the public record and shall announce provisional acceptance of the agreement in the Federal Register. Any interested person may ask the Commission not to accept the agreement by filing a written request in the Office of the Secretary. Any request must be received in the Office of the Secretary no later than the close of business of the 15th calendar day following the date of announcement in the Federal Register. (f) If no requests are received, the agreement shall be deemed finally accepted by the Commission on the 16th calendar day after the date of the announcement in the Federal Register. Notice of final acceptance will be given and the order issued within a reasonable time. (g) If the Commission receives one or more requests that it not finally accept an agreement, it shall, within a reasonable time, either finally accept or reject the agreement after considering the requests. The Commission shall promptly issue and serve an order indicating its decision. (1) If the agreement is accepted, the Commission shall issue the complaint and order. The order is a final order in disposition of the proceeding and is effective immediately upon its service on the consenting party under these rules. The consenting party shall thereafter be bound by and take immediate action in accordance with the final order. (2) If the agreement is rejected, the order so notifying the consenting party shall constitute withdrawal of the Commission's provisional acceptance. The Commission may then issue its complaint, may order further investigation, or may take any action it considers appropriate. (h) An agreement that has been finally accepted may be vacated or modified upon petition of any party or the Commission's own initiative. The petition shall state the proposed changes in the agreement and the reasons for granting the petition. The Commission may modify or vacate [[Page 250]] where (1) false statements were relied upon in accepting the agreement or (2) there are changed conditions of fact or law. In deciding whether to grant a petition, the Commission shall consider the public interest. A petitioner, or the Commission when acting on its own initiative, shall serve a copy of the petition or notice of reconsideration, respectively, on all parties. Parties affected by the petition or notice of reconsideration may file a response within 10 calendar days. No replies shall be accepted. The Commission shall decide the petition or notice of reconsideration within a reasonable time and, by order, shall indicate its decision and its reasons. PART 1119_CIVIL PENALTY FACTORS--Table of Contents Sec. 1119.1 Purpose. 1119.2 Applicability. 1119.3 Definitions. 1119.4 Factors considered in determining civil penalties. 1119.5 Enforcement notification. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2058, 2063, 2064, 2067(b), 2068, 2069, 2076(e), 2084, 1261, 1263, 1264, 1270, 1273, 1278, 1191, 1192, 1193, 1194, 1195, 1196. Source: 75 FR 15998, Mar. 31, 2010, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1119.1 Purpose. This part sets forth the Consumer Product Safety Commission's (Commission) interpretation of the statutory factors considered in determining the amount of civil penalties that the Commission may seek or compromise. The policies behind, and purposes of, civil penalties include the following: Deterring violations; providing just punishment; promoting respect for the law; promoting full compliance with the law; reflecting the seriousness of the violation; and protecting the public. Sec. 1119.2 Applicability. This part applies to all civil penalty determinations the Commission may seek or compromise under the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) (15 U.S.C. 2051-2089), the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (FHSA) (15 U.S.C. 1261-1278), and the Flammable Fabrics Act (FFA) (15 U.S.C. 1191- 1204). Any person who knowingly violates section 19 of the CPSA, section 4 of the FHSA, or section 5(e) of the FFA, is subject to a civil penalty. Sec. 1119.3 Definitions. For purposes of this rule, the following definitions apply: (a) Product defect means a defect as referenced in the CPSA and defined in Commission regulations at 16 CFR 1115.4. (b) Violation means a violation committed knowingly, as the term ``knowingly'' is defined in section 19 of the CPSA, section 4 of the FHSA, or section 5 of the FFA. (c) Person means any manufacturer (including importer), distributor, or retailer, as those terms are defined in the CPSA, FHSA, or FFA, and any other legally responsible party. Sec. 1119.4 Factors considered in determining civil penalties. (a) Statutory Factors. (1) Section 20(b) of the CPSA, section 5(c)(3) of the FHSA, and section 5(e)(2) of the FFA, specify factors considered by the Commission in determining the amount of a civil penalty to be sought upon commencing an action for knowing violations of each act. These factors are: (i) CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2069(b)). The nature, circumstances, extent, and gravity of the violation, including: (A) The nature of the product defect; (B) The severity of the risk of injury; (C) The occurrence or absence of injury; (D) The number of defective products distributed; (E) The appropriateness of such penalty in relation to the size of the business of the person charged, including how to mitigate undue adverse economic impacts on small businesses; and (F) Such other factors as appropriate. (ii) FHSA (15 U.S.C. 1264 (c)(3)). The nature, circumstances, extent, and gravity of the violation, including: (A) The nature of the substance; (B) Severity of the risk of injury; (C) The occurrence or absence of injury; (D) The amount of substance distributed; [[Page 251]] (E) The appropriateness of such penalty in relation to the size of the business of the person charged, including how to mitigate undue adverse economic impacts on small businesses; and (F) Such other factors as appropriate. (iii) FFA (15 U.S.C. 1194 (e)(2)). The nature, circumstances, extent, and gravity of the violations: (A) The severity of the risk of injury; (B) The occurrence or absence of injury; (C) The appropriateness of such penalty in relation to the size of the business of the person charged; and (D) Such other factors as appropriate. (2) The nature, circumstances, extent, and gravity of the violation. Under this factor, the Commission will consider the totality of the circumstances and all other facts concerning a violation. The Commission will consider the enumerated statutory factors, as well as the factors described in paragraph (b) of this section. (3) Nature of the product defect. The Commission will consider the nature of the product defect associated with a CPSA violation. This consideration will include, for example, whether the defect arises from the product's design, composition, contents, construction, manufacture, packaging, warnings, or instructions, and will include consideration of conditions or circumstances in which the defect arises. The Commission will also consider the nature of the substance associated with an FHSA violation. Two of the statutory factors in the CPSA civil penalty factors include the terms ``product defect'' or ``defective products.'' However, certain violations of the CPSA, for example, failing to supply a required certificate that the product complies with an applicable consumer product safety rule, do not necessarily require that there be a product defect or defective product. The terms ``product defect'' or ``defective products'' would not apply to such situation. In such cases, however, the other civil penalty factors would still be considered. (4) Severity of the risk of injury. Consistent with its discussion of severity of the risk at 16 CFR 1115.12, the Commission will consider, among other factors, the potential for serious injury, illness, or death (and whether any injury or illness required medical treatment including hospitalization or surgery); the likelihood of injury; the intended or reasonably foreseeable use or misuse of the product; and the population at risk (including vulnerable populations such as children, the elderly, or those with disabilities). (5) The occurrence or absence of injury. The Commission will consider whether injuries, illnesses, or deaths have or have not occurred with respect to any product or substance associated with a violation, and, if so, the number and nature of injuries, illnesses, or deaths. Both acute illnesses and the likelihood of chronic illnesses will be considered. (6) The number of defective products distributed. The Commission will consider the number of defective products or amount of substance distributed in commerce. The statutory language makes no distinction between those defective products distributed in commerce that consumers received and those defective products distributed in commerce that consumers have not received. Therefore both could be considered in appropriate cases. This factor will not be used to penalize a person's decision to conduct a wider-than-necessary recall out of an abundance of caution. This would not include situations where such a recall is conducted due to a person's uncertainty concerning how many or which products may need to be recalled. (7) The appropriateness of such penalty in relation to the size of the business of the person charged, including how to mitigate undue adverse economic impacts on small businesses. (i) The Commission is required to consider the size of the business of the person charged in relation to the amount of the penalty. This factor reflects the relationship between the size of a business and the policies behind, and purposes of, a penalty (as noted above in Sec. 1119.1). In considering business size, the Commission may look to several factors including, but not limited to, the number of employees, net worth, and annual sales. A business's size and a business's ability to pay a penalty are separate considerations. In [[Page 252]] some cases for small businesses, however, these two considerations may relate to each other. The Commission will be guided, where appropriate, by relevant financial factors to determine a small business's ability to pay a penalty, including, but not limited to, liquidity, solvency, and profitability. The burden to present clear, reliable, relevant, and sufficient evidence relating to a business's size and ability to pay rests on the business. (ii) The statute requires the Commission to consider how to mitigate the adverse economic impacts on small businesses only if those impacts would be undue. What the Commission considers in determining what is undue may include, but is not limited to, the business's size and financial factors relating to its ability to pay. When considering how to mitigate undue adverse economic impacts, the Commission will, as appropriate, also follow its Small Business Enforcement Policy set forth at Sec. 1020.5. (b) Other factors as appropriate. In determining the amount of any civil penalty to be sought for a violation of the CPSA, FHSA, or FFA, the Commission may consider, as appropriate, such other factors in addition to those listed in the statutes. Both the Commission and a person may raise any factors they believe are relevant in determining an appropriate penalty amount. A person will be notified of any factors beyond those enumerated in the statutes that the Commission relies on as aggravating factors for purposes of determining a civil penalty amount. Additional factors that may be considered in a case include, but are not limited to, the following: (1) Safety/compliance program and/or system relating to a violation. The Commission may consider, when a safety/compliance program and/or system as established is relevant to a violation, whether a person had at the time of the violation a reasonable and effective program or system for collecting and analyzing information related to safety issues. Examples of such information would include incident reports, lawsuits, warranty claims, and safety-related issues related to repairs or returns. The Commission may also consider whether a person conducted adequate and relevant premarket and production testing of the product at issue; had a program in place for continued compliance with all relevant mandatory and voluntary safety standards; and other factors as the Commission deems appropriate. The burden to present clear, reliable, relevant, and sufficient evidence of such program, system, or testing rests on the person seeking consideration of this factor. (2) History of noncompliance. The Commission may consider whether or not a person's history of noncompliance with the CPSA, FHSA, FFA, and other laws that the CPSC enforces, and the regulations thereunder, should increase the amount of the penalty. A person's history of noncompliance may be indicated by, for example, multiple violations of one or more laws or regulations that the CPSC enforces, including repeated violations of the same law or regulation. History of noncompliance may include the number of previous violations or how recently a previous violation occurred. (3) Economic gain from noncompliance. The Commission may consider whether a person benefitted economically from a failure to comply, including a delay in complying, with the CPSA, FHSA, FFA, and other laws that the CPSC enforces, and the regulations thereunder. (4) Failure to respond in a timely and complete fashion to the Commission's requests for information or remedial action. The Commission may consider whether a person's failure to respond in a timely and complete fashion to requests from the Commission for information or for remedial action should increase a penalty. This factor is intended to address a person's dilatory and egregious conduct in responding to written requests for information or remedial action sought by the Commission, but not to impede any person's lawful rights. Sec. 1119.5 Enforcement notification. A person will be informed in writing if it is believed that the person has violated the law and if the Commission intends to seek a civil penalty. Any person who receives such a writing will have an opportunity to submit evidence and arguments that it should not [[Page 253]] pay a penalty or should not pay a penalty in the amount sought by the Commission. PART 1120_SUBSTANTIAL PRODUCT HAZARD LIST--Table of Contents Sec. 1120.1 Authority. 1120.2 Definitions. 1120.3 Products deemed to be substantial product hazards. 1120.4 Standards incorporated by reference. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2064(j). Source: 76 FR 37640, June 28, 2011, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1120.1 Authority. Under the authority of section 15(j) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA), the Commission determines that consumer products or classes of consumer products listed in Sec. 1120.3 of this part have characteristics whose existence or absence present a substantial product hazard under section 15(a)(2) of the CPSA. The Commission has determined that the listed products have characteristics that are readily observable and have been addressed by a voluntary standard, that the voluntary standard has been effective, and that there is substantial compliance with the voluntary standard. The listed products are subject to the reporting requirements of section 15(b) of the CPSA and to the recall provisions of section 15(c) and (d) of the CPSA, and shall be refused entry into the United States under section 17(a)(4) of the CPSA. Sec. 1120.2 Definitions. The definitions in section 3 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2052) apply to this part 1120. (a) Substantial product hazard means a product defect which (because of the pattern of defect, the number of defective products distributed in commerce, the severity of the risk, or otherwise) creates a substantial risk of injury to the public. (b) Hand-supported hair dryer means an electrical appliance, intended to be held with one hand during use, which creates a flow of air over or through a self-contained heating element for the purpose of drying hair. (c) Drawstring means a non-retractable cord, ribbon, or tape of any material to pull together parts of upper outerwear to provide for closure. (d) Seasonal and decorative lighting product means portable, plug- connected, temporary-use lighting products and accessories that have a nominal 120 volt input voltage rating. Lighting products within the scope of the rule are factory-assembled with push-in, midget- or miniature-screw base lampholders connected in series or with candelabra- or intermediate-screw base lampholders connected in parallel, directly across the 120 volt input. Such lighting products include lighted decorative outfits, such as stars, wreathes, candles without shades, light sculptures, blow-molded (plastic) figures, and animated figures. Lighting products outside the scope of the rule include: Battery- operated products; solar-powered products; products that operate from a transformer or low-voltage power supply; flexible lighting products incorporating non-replaceable series and series/parallel connected lamps enclosed within a flexible polymeric tube or extrusion; and portable electric lamps that are used to illuminate seasonal decorations. (e) Extension cord (also known as a cord set) means a length of factory-assembled flexible cord with an attachment plug or current tap as a line fitting and with a cord connector as a load fitting. Extension cords are used for extending a branch circuit supply of an electrical outlet to the power-supply cord of a portable appliance, in accordance with the National Electrical Code.[supreg] For purposes of this rule, the term applies to extension cords that are equipped with National Electrical Manufacturer Association (``NEMA'') 1-15, 5-15 and 5-20 fittings, and that are intended for indoor use only, or for both indoor and outdoor use. The term ``extension cord'' does not include detachable power supply cords, appliance cords, power strips and taps, and adaptor cords supplied with outdoor tools and yard equipment. (f) Stock window covering (also known as a stock blind, shade, or shading) has the same meaning as defined in section 3, definition 5.02, of ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018 (incorporated by reference; [[Page 254]] see Sec. 1120.4), as a window covering that is completely or substantially fabricated prior to being distributed in commerce and is a specific stock-keeping unit (SKU). Even when the seller, manufacturer, or distributor modifies a pre-assembled product by adjusting to size, attaching the top rail or bottom rail, or tying cords to secure the bottom rail, the product is still considered stock. Online sales of the product or the size of the order such as multi-family housing do not make the product a non-stock product. These examples are provided in ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018 (incorporated by reference; see Sec. 1120.4) to clarify that as long as the product is ``substantially fabricated'' prior to distribution in commerce, subsequent changes to the product do not change its categorization. (g) Custom window covering (also known as a custom blind, shade, or shading) has the same meaning as defined in section 3, definition 5.01, of ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018 (incorporated by reference; see Sec. 1120.4), as a window covering that does not meet the definition of a stock window covering. [76 FR 37640, June 28, 2011, as amended at 76 FR 42507, July 19, 2011; 80 FR 25226, May 4, 2015; 80 FR 44269, July 27, 2015; 87 FR 72886, Nov. 28, 2022] Sec. 1120.3 Products deemed to be substantial product hazards. The following products or class of products shall be deemed to be substantial product hazards under section 15(a)(2) of the CPSA: (a) Hand-supported hair dryers that do not provide integral immersion protection in compliance with the requirements of section 5 of UL 859, or section 6 of UL 1727 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 1120.4). (b)(1) Children's upper outerwear in sizes 2T to 16 or the equivalent, and having one or more drawstrings, that is subject to, but not in conformance with, the requirements of ASTM F 1816-97 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 1120.4). (2) At its option, the Commission may use one or more of the following methods to determine what sizes of children's upper outerwear are equivalent to sizes 2T to 16: (i) Garments in girls' size Large (L) and boys' size Large (L) are equivalent to girls' or boys' size 12, respectively. Garments in girls' and boys' sizes smaller than Large (L), including Extra-Small (XS), Small (S), and Medium (M), are equivalent to sizes smaller than size 12. The fact that an item of children's upper outerwear with a hood and neck drawstring is labeled as being larger than a size Large (L) does not necessarily mean that the item is not equivalent to a size in the range of 2T to 12. (ii) Garments in girls' size Extra-Large (XL) and boys' size Extra- Large (XL) are equivalent to size 16. The fact that an item of children's upper outerwear with a waist or bottom drawstring is labeled as being larger than size Extra-Large (XL) does not necessarily mean that the item is not equivalent to a size in the range of 2T to 16. (iii) In cases where garment labels give a range of sizes, if the range includes any size that is subject to a requirement in ASTM F 1816- 97, the garment will be considered subject, even if other sizes in the stated range, taken alone, would not be subject to the requirement. For example, a coat sized 12 through 14 remains subject to the prohibition of hood and neck area drawstrings, even though this requirement of ASTM F 1816-97 only applies to garments up to size 12. A coat size 13 through 15 would not be considered within the scope of ASTM F 1816-97's prohibition of neck and hood drawstrings, but would be subject to the requirements for waist or bottom drawstrings. (iv) To fall within the scope of paragraphs (b)(2)(i) through (2)(iii) of this section, a garment need not state anywhere on it, or on its tags, labels, package, or any other materials accompanying it, the term ``girls,'' the term ``boys,'' or whether the garment is designed or intended for girls or boys. (v) The Commission may use any other evidence that would tend to show that an item of children's upper outerwear is a size that is equivalent to sizes 2T to 16. (c) Seasonal and decorative lighting products that lack one or more of the [[Page 255]] following characteristics in conformance with requirements in sections 6, 7, 15, 71, 79, and SB15 of UL 588 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 1120.4): (1) Minimum wire size requirements in section 6 of UL 588; (2) Sufficient strain relief requirements in sections 15, 71, 79, and SB15 of UL 588; or (3) Overcurrent protection requirements in section 7 of UL 588. (d) Extension cords that lack one or more of the following specified characteristics in conformance with requirements in sections 2, 9, 16, 19, 20, 21, 26, 30, 31, 32, 84, and 105 of UL 817 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 1120.4): (1) Minimum wire size requirement in sections 2, 20, 21, and 30 of UL 817; (2) Sufficient strain relief requirement in sections 20, 30, and 84 of UL 817; (3) Proper polarization requirement in sections 9, 19, 20, 30, 31, and 32 of UL 817; (4) Proper continuity requirement in sections 16, 20, 30, and 105 of UL 817; (5) Outlet cover requirement (for indoor 2-wire parallel extension cords with polarized parallel-blade and -slot fittings) in sections 20 and 26 of UL 817; or (6) Jacketed cord requirement (for outdoor use extension cords) in section 30 of UL 817. (e) Stock window coverings that fail to comply with one or more of the following requirements of ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018 (incorporated by reference; see Sec. 1120.4): (1) Operating cord requirements in section 4.3.1: section 4.3.1.1 (cordless operating system), 4.3.1.2 (short static or access cord), or 4.3.1.3 (inaccessible operating cord); (2) Inner cord requirements in sections 4.5, 6.3, 6.7, and Appendices C and D; and (3) On-product manufacturer label requirement in section 5.3. (f) Custom window coverings that fail to comply with one or more of the following requirements of ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018 (incorporated by reference; see Sec. 1120.4): (1) Inner cord requirements in sections 4.5, 6.3, 6.7, and Appendices C and D; and (2) On-product manufacturer label in section 5.3. [76 FR 37640, June 28, 2011, as amended at 76 FR 42507, July 19, 2011; 80 FR 25226, May 4, 2015; 80 FR 44269, July 27, 2015; 87 FR 72886, Nov. 28, 2022] Sec. 1120.4 Standards incorporated by reference. (a) The standards required in this part are incorporated by reference (``IBR'') into this section with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may inspect all approved material at the Office of the Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone 301-504-7923, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (``NARA''). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. (b) ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 USA, telephone: 610-832-9585; http:// www2.astm.org/. (1) ASTM F 1816-97, Standard Safety Specification for Drawstrings on Children's Upper Outerwear, approved June 10, 1997, published August 1998 (``ASTM F 1816-97''), IBR approved for Sec. 1120.3(b). (2) [Reserved] (c) Underwriters Laboratories, Inc (``UL''), 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL 60062 or through UL's Web site: www.UL.com. (1) UL 588, Standard for Safety for Seasonal and Holiday Decorative Products, 18th Edition, approved August 21, 2000 (``UL 588''), IBR approved for Sec. 1120.3(c). (2) UL 859, Standard for Safety for Household Electric Personal Grooming Appliances, 10th Edition, approved August 30, 2002, and revised through June 3, 2010 (``UL 859''), IBR approved for Sec. 1120.3(a). (3) UL 1727, Standard for Safety for Commercial Electric Personal Grooming Appliances, 4th Edition, approved March 25, 1999, and revised through June 25, 2010 (``UL 1727''), IBR approved for Sec. 1120.3(a). (4) UL 817, Standard for Cord Sets and Power-Supply Cords, 11th Edition, dated [[Page 256]] March 16, 2001, as revised through February 3, 2014 (``UL 817''), IBR approved for Sec. 1120.3(d). (d) Window Covering Manufacturers Association, Inc., 355 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York 10017. Telephone: 212.297.2122. http:// wcmanet.com. (1) ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018. American National Standard For Safety Of Corded Window Covering Products, approved January 8, 2018. IBR approved for Sec. Sec. 1120.2 and 1120.3. (2) [Reserved] [80 FR 25226, May 4, 2015, as amended at 80 FR 44269, July 27, 2015; 87 FR 72886, Nov. 28, 2022] PART 1130_REQUIREMENTS FOR CONSUMER REGISTRATION OF DURABLE INFANT OR TODDLER PRODUCTS--Table of Contents Sec. 1130.1 Purpose, scope and effective date. 1130.2 Definitions. 1130.3 General requirements. 1130.4 Identification on the product. 1130.5 Requirements for registration form. 1130.6 Requirements for format and text of registration forms. 1130.7 Requirements for website registration or alternative email registration. 1130.8 Recordkeeping and notification requirements. Figure 1 to Part 1130--Front of Registration Form Figure 2 to Part 1130--Back of Registration Form Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2056a, 2065(b). Source: 74 FR 68676, Dec. 29, 2009, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1130.1 Purpose, scope, and effective date. (a) Purpose. This part prescribes a consumer product safety rule establishing requirements for consumer registration of durable infant or toddler products. These requirements are intended to improve the effectiveness of recalls of, and safety alerts regarding, such products. (b) Scope. Part 1130 applies to manufacturers, including importers, of durable infant or toddler products, as defined in Sec. 1130.2(a). It does not apply to infant or child restraint systems intended for use in automobiles that are covered by the registration program of the National Highway Traffic and Safety Administration (NHTSA) at 49 CFR 571.213, or to products that comprise a travel system, and are sold with a child restraint system that is covered by the NHTSA registration program at 49 CFR 571.213. (c) Compliance Date. Compliance with this part 1130 shall be required on June 28, 2010 for the following products: full-size cribs and nonfull-size cribs; toddler beds; high chairs, booster chairs, and hook-on chairs; bath seats; gates and other enclosures for confining a child; play yards; stationary activity centers; infant carriers; strollers; walkers; swings; and bassinets and cradles. Compliance with this part 1130 shall be required on December 29, 2010 for the following products: Children's folding chairs, changing tables, infant bouncers, infant bath tubs, bed rails and infant slings. Compliance with this part 1130 shall be required on September 24, 2020 for contoured changing pads (a type of baby changing product). The rule shall apply to durable infant or toddler products, as defined in Sec. 1130.2(a), that are manufactured on or after those dates. [74 FR 68676, Dec. 29, 2009, as amended at 84 FR 49949, Sept. 24, 2019] Sec. 1130.2 Definitions. In addition to the definitions given in section 3 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2052), the following definitions apply: (a) Definition of durable infant or toddler product means the following products intended for use, or that may be reasonably expected to be used, by children under the age of 5 years. The listed product categories are further defined in the applicable standards that the Commission issues under section 104(b) of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, and include products that are combinations of the following product categories: (1) Full-size cribs and non-full-size cribs; (2) Toddler beds; (3) High chairs, booster seats, and hook-on chairs; (4) Bath seats; (5) Gates and other enclosures for confining a child; (6) Play yards; [[Page 257]] (7) Stationary activity centers; (8) Infant carrier, including soft infant and toddler carriers, hand-held infant carriers, sling carriers, and frame child carriers; (9) Strollers; (10) Walkers; (11) Swings; (12) Bassinets and cradles, including bedside sleepers and infant sleep products; (13) Children's folding chairs and children's folding stools; (14) Baby changing products; (15) Infant bouncers; (16) Infant bathtubs; (17) Bed rails; and (18) Crib mattresses. (b) Manufacturer, for purposes of this part, in the case of a product produced within the United States, means the domestic manufacturer of the product, and in the case of an imported product, means the importer of the product. (c) Product recall means action taken pursuant to sections 12, 15(c) or 15(d) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2061, 2054(c), or 2064(d)), and action taken pursuant to a corrective action plan implemented by a company in cooperation with the Commission, where the firm is conducting one or more of the following: repair of the product; replacement of the product; or refund of the purchase price of the product. (d) Safety alert means notice or warning of a potential problem with an individual product or class of products so that consumers and other users of the affected products respond accordingly to reduce or eliminate the potential for injury. [74 FR 68676, Dec. 29, 2009, as amended at 82 FR 59511, Dec. 15, 2017; 84 FR 49950, Sept. 24, 2019; 87 FR 26658, May 17, 2021; 86 FR 33071, June 23, 2021; 87 FR 8673, Feb. 15, 2022] Sec. 1130.3 General requirements. (a) Each manufacturer of a durable infant or toddler product shall: (1) Provide consumers with a postage-paid consumer registration form that meets the requirements of this part 1130 with each such product; (2) Maintain a record in accordance with the requirements set forth in Sec. 1130.8 of the contact information (names, addresses, e-mail addresses, and telephone numbers) of consumers who register their products with the manufacturer under this part 1130; (3) Permanently place the manufacturer name and contact information, model name and number, and the date of manufacture on each durable infant or toddler product in accordance with the requirements set forth in Sec. 1130.4. (b) Consumer information collected by a manufacturer pursuant to the requirements of this part 1130 shall not be used by the manufacturer, nor disseminated by the manufacturer to any other party, for any purpose other than notification to such consumer in the event of a product recall or safety alert. [74 FR 68676, Dec. 29, 2009, as amended at 77 FR 9524, Feb. 17, 2012] Sec. 1130.4 Identification on the product. (a) Each durable infant or toddler product shall be permanently marked with the manufacturer name, and contact information (U.S. address and telephone number, toll free if available) model name and number, and date of manufacture. (1) If the manufacturer regularly uses only a model name or a model number, but not both, to identify the product, he/she may provide only the model name or number rather than creating a model name or number for the sole purpose of this part 1130. (2) If the manufacturer regularly identifies the product by a product identification number (``PIN'') or other similar identifying number rather than a model number, he/she may provide that identifying number instead of a model number. (3) The date referred to in paragraph (a) of this section shall include the month and year of manufacture and can be stated in code. (4) A permanent mark is one that can reasonably be expected to remain on the product during the useful life of the product. (b) The information required by this section shall be in English, legible, and in a location that is conspicuous to the consumer. (c) The information required by this section may be combined with other information marked on the product. [[Page 258]] Sec. 1130.5 Requirements for registration forms. The registration form required under Sec. 1130.3(a)(1) shall: (a) Comply with the format and text requirements set forth in Sec. 1130.6 as shown in figures 1 and 2 of this part; (b) State all information required by this part 1130 in the English language; (c) Be attached to the surface of each durable infant or toddler product so that, as a practical matter, the consumer must notice and handle the form after purchasing the product; (d) Include the manufacturer's name, model name and number for the product, and the date of manufacture; (e) Include an option for consumers to register through the Internet; (f) Include the statement required in Sec. 1130.6(c)(1) that information provided by the consumer shall not be used for any purpose other than to facilitate a recall of or safety alert regarding that product. [74 FR 68676, Dec. 29, 2009, as amended at 77 FR 9524, Feb. 17, 2012] Sec. 1130.6 Requirements for format and text of registration forms. (a) Size of form. The form shall be at least the size of two standard post cards, connected with perforation for later separation, so that each of the two portions is at least 3\1/2\ inches high x 5 inches wide x 0.007 inches thick. (b) Layout of form--(1) General. The form shall consist of four parts: top and bottom, divided by perforations for easy separation, and front and back. (2) Font size and typeface. The registration form shall use bold black typeface. The size of the type shall be at least 0.12 in (3.0 mm) for the purpose statement required in paragraph (c)(1) of this section, and no less than 0.10 in (2.5 mm) for the other information in the registration form. The title of the purpose statement and the retention statement required in paragraph (d)(2) of this section shall be in all capitals. All other information shall be in capital and lowercase type. (c) Front of form--(1) Top front of form: Purpose statement. The top portion of the front of each form shall state: ``PRODUCT REGISTRATION FOR SAFETY ALERT OR RECALL ONLY. We will use the information provided on this card to contact you only if there is a safety alert or recall for this product. We will not sell, rent, or share your personal information. To register your product, please complete and mail the bottom part of this card, or visit our online registration at: www.Web sitename.com.'' Manufacturers that do not have a Web site may provide an email address and state at the end of the purpose statement: ``To register your product, please complete and mail the bottom part of this card, or email your contact information, the model name and number, and date of manufacture of the product, as provided on this card, to: [email protected].'' (2) Bottom front of form: Manufacturer's mailing address. The bottom portion of the front of each form shall be pre-addressed and postage- paid with the manufacturer's name and mailing address where registration information is to be collected. A manufacturer may list a brand name in addition to the manufacturer's name. If a manufacturer uses a third party to process registration forms, the third party's name may be included as a ``c/o'' (``in care of'') in the address on the form. (d) Back of the form--(1) Top back of form--(i) Product information and manufacturer's identification. The top portion of the back of each form shall state: ``Manufacturer's Contact Information'' and provide the manufacturer's name and contact information (a U.S. mailing address displayed in sentence format, Web site address, a telephone number, toll-free, if available); product model name and number (or other identifier as described in Sec. 1130.4(a)(1) and (2)); and manufacture date of the product. A rectangular box shall be placed around the model name, model number, and manufacture date. A manufacturer may list the brand name in addition to the manufacturer's name. (ii) Retention statement. On the back of each form, just above the perforation line, the form shall state: ``KEEP THIS TOP PART FOR YOUR RECORDS. FILL OUT AND RETURN BOTTOM PART.'' (2) Bottom back of form--(i) Consumer information. The bottom portion of the back of each form shall have blocks for the consumer to provide his/her name, address, telephone number, and email [[Page 259]] address. These blocks shall be 5 mm wide and 7 mm high, with as many blocks as possible to fill the width of the card allowing for normal printing practices. (ii) Product information. The following product information shall be provided on the bottom portion of the back of each form below the blocks for consumer information printed directly on the form or on a pre- printed label that is applied to the form: the model name and number (or other identifier as described in Sec. 1130.4(a)(1) and (2)), and the date of manufacture of the product. A rectangular box shall be placed around the model name, model number, and manufacture date. A manufacturer may include its name on the bottom portion of the back of the form if they choose to do so. [77 FR 9524, Feb. 17, 2012] Sec. 1130.7 Requirements for Web site registration or alternative e-mail registration. (a) Link to registration page. The manufacturer's Web site, or other Web site established for the purpose of registration under this part 1130, shall be designed with a link clearly identified on the main web page that goes directly to ``Product Registration.'' (b) Purpose statement. The registration page shall have the following statement at the top of the page: ``PRODUCT REGISTRATION FOR SAFETY ALERT OR RECALL ONLY. We will use the information provided on this page only to contact you if there is a safety alert or recall for this product. We will not sell, rent, or share your personal information. If you register on this Web site you do not need to fill out the card that came with your product.'' (c) Content of registration page. The Web site registration page shall request only the consumer's name, address, telephone number, e- mail address, product model name and number, and the date of manufacture. The consumer's telephone number and e-mail address shall not be required for the consumer to submit the registration form. No other information shall appear on the electronic registration form, except for identification of the manufacturer or a link to the manufacturer's home page, a field to confirm submission, and a prompt to indicate any incomplete or invalid fields before submission. Accessing the electronic registration form shall not cause additional screens or electronic banners to appear. (d) Alternative for manufacturers without a Web site. A manufacturer that lacks a Web site shall provide for consumers to register their product through e-mail. Such e-mail addresses shall be set up to provide an automatic reply to confirm receipt of the consumer's registration information. [74 FR 68676, Dec. 29, 2009. Redesignated at 77 FR 9525, Feb. 17, 2012] Sec. 1130.8 Recordkeeping and notification requirements. (a) Each manufacturer of a durable infant or toddler product shall maintain a record of registrants for each product manufactured that includes all of the information provided by each consumer registered. (b) Each manufacturer of a durable infant or toddler product shall use the information provided by the registrant to notify the registrant in the event of a voluntary or involuntary recall of, or safety alert regarding, such product. (c) Each manufacturer of a durable infant or toddler product shall maintain a record of the information provided by the registrant for a period of not less than 6 years after the date of manufacture of the product. (d) Records required under this section shall be made available within 24 hours, upon the request of any officer, employee, or agent acting on behalf of the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission. (e) Optional barcode. (1) A manufacturer may include a barcode, or other machine readable data, that when scanned would provide a direct link for the consumer to register the product. (2) Such a link must comply with all the requirements of this part 1130, including those in Sec. 1130.7 and the restriction that the manufacturer shall not use or disseminate the consumer registration information for any purpose other than notifying the consumer of a safety alert or recall. [74 FR 68676, Dec. 29, 2009. Redesignated and amended at 77 FR 9525, Feb. 17, 2012] [[Page 260]] Sec. Figure 1 to Part 1130--Front of Registration Form [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR17FE12.006 [74 FR 68676, Dec. 29, 2009, as amended at 77 FR 9525, Feb. 17, 2012] [[Page 261]] Sec. Figure 2 to Part 1130--Back of Registration Form [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR17FE12.007 [74 FR 68676, Dec. 29, 2009, as amended at 77 FR 9526, Feb. 17, 2012] [[Page 262]] PART 1145_REGULATION OF PRODUCTS SUBJECT TO OTHER ACTS UNDER THE CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY ACT--Table of Contents Sec. 1145.1 Scope. 1145.2 Paint (and other similar surface-coating materials) containing lead; toys, children's articles, and articles of furniture bearing such paint (or similar surface-coating materials); risk of lead poisoning. 1145.3 Extremely flammable contact adhesives; risk of burns from explosive vapor ignition and flashback fire. 1145.4 Consumer patching compounds containing respirable free-form asbestos; risk of cancer associated with inhalation of asbestos fibers. 1145.5 Emberizing materials (embers and ash) containing respirable free- form asbestos; risk of cancer associated with inhalation of asbestos fibers. 1145.9-1145.15 [Reserved] 1145.16 Lighters that are intended for igniting smoking materials and that can be operated by children; risks of death or injury. 1145.17 Multi-purpose lighters that can be operated by children; risks of death or injury. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2079(d). Sec. 1145.1 Scope. In this part 1145, the Commission establishes rules which provide that risks of injury associated with consumer products that could be eliminated or reduced to a sufficient extent by action under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (FHSA) (15 U.S.C. 1261-1274), the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 (PPPA) (15 U.S.C. 1471-1476), or the Flammable Fabrics Act (FFA) (15 U.S.C. 1191-1204) will be regulated under the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) (15 U.S.C. 2051-2081). Section 30(d) of the CPSA, as amended, provides that a risk of injury which is associated with a consumer product and which could be eliminated or reduced to a sufficient extent by action under the FHSA, PPPA, or the FFA may be regulated under this act only if the Commission by rule finds it is in the public interest to regulate such risk of injury under this act. [42 FR 44192, Sept. 1, 1977] Sec. 1145.2 Paint (and other similar surface-coating materials) containing lead; toys, children's articles, and articles of furniture bearing such paint (or similar surface-coating materials); risk of lead poisoning. (a) The Commission finds that it is in the public interest to reduce the risk of lead poisoning to young children from the ingestion of paint and other similar surface-coating materials by action under the Consumer Product Safety Act rather than under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act because of the desirability of consolidating the public procedures related to such regulation with the proceeding to determine a safe level of lead under the Lead-Based Paint Poisoning Prevention Act (42 U.S.C. 4801-4846), as amended by the National Consumer Health Information and Health Promotion Act of 1976 (Pub. L. 94-317; 90 Stat. 705-706). Consolidation of these proceedings facilitates greater public participation and a more expeditious resolution of the issues. (b) Paint and other similar surface-coating materials containing lead and toys, children's articles, and articles of furniture bearing such paint or other similar surface-coating materials that present a risk of lead poisoning to young children by ingestion shall therefore be regulated under the Consumer Product Safety Act. Such regulation shall include all directly related pending and future rulemaking, as well as all directly related pending and future action on petitions. [42 FR 44192, Sept. 1, 1977] Sec. 1145.3 Extremely flammable contact adhesives; risk of burns from explosive vapor ignition and flashback fire. (a) The Commission finds that it is in the public interest to regulate the risk of burns from explosive vapor ignition and flashback fire associated with certain extremely flammable contact adhesives under the Consumer Product Safety Act rather than under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act because of the desirability of avoiding possibly lengthy, resource consuming, and inefficient rulemaking proceedings under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act and because of the availability of civil [[Page 263]] penalties under the CPSA. The Commission also believes that the complexity and formality of the rulemaking proceedings under the FHSA, in contrast to rulemaking proceedings under the CPSA may make it difficult for interested persons to participate. (b) Extremely flammable contact adhesives and other similar liquid or semi-liquid products in containers over one-half pint that present a risk of burns from explosive vapor ignition and flashback fire shall therefore be regulated under the Consumer Product Safety Act. Such regulation shall include all directly related pending and future rulemaking, as well as all directly related future action on petitions. However, such action shall not include labeling that may be required under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act to address flammability hazards associated with other adhesives not subject to the ban. [42 FR 63731, Dec. 19, 1977] Sec. 1145.4 Consumer patching compounds containing respirable free-form asbestos; risk of cancer associated with inhalation of asbestos fibers. (a) The Commission finds that it is in the public interest to regulate the risk of cancer associated with inhalation of asbestos fibers from consumer patching compounds containing respirable free-form asbestos under the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) rather than under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (FHSA) because of the desirability of avoiding possibly lengthy resource-consuming, inefficient rulemaking proceedings under the FHSA and because of the availability of civil penalties under the CPSA for knowing noncompliance. (b) Therefore, consumer patching compounds containing respirable free-form asbestos are regulated under CPSA. [42 FR 63354, Dec. 15, 1977] Sec. 1145.5 Emberizing materials (embers and ash) containing respirable free-form asbestos; risk of cancer associated with inhalation of asbestos fibers. (a) The Commission finds that it is in the public interest to regulate the risk of cancer associated with inhalation of asbestos fibers from artificial emberizing materials (embers and ash) containing respirable free-form asbestos under the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) rather than under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (FHSA) because of the desirability of avoiding possibly lengthy, resource- consuming, inefficient rulemaking proceedings under the FHSA, and because of the availability of civil penalties under the CPSA for knowing noncompliance. (b) Therefore, artificial emberizing materials (embers and ash) containing respirable free-form asbestos are regulated under the CPSA. [42 FR 63354, Dec. 15, 1977] Sec. Sec. 1145.9-1145.15 [Reserved] Sec. 1145.16 Lighters that are intended for igniting smoking materials and that can be operated by children; risks of death or injury. (a) The Commission finds that it is in the public interest to regulate under the Consumer Product Safety Act any risks of injury associated with the fact that lighters intended for igniting smoking materials can be operated by young children, rather than regulate such risks under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act or the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970. (b) Therefore, if the Commission finds regulation to be necessary, risks of death or injury that are associated with lighters that are intended for igniting smoking materials, where such risks exist because the lighters can be operated by young children, shall be regulated under one or more provisions of the Consumer Product Safety Act. Other risks associated with such lighters, and that are based solely on the fact that the lighters contain a hazardous substance, shall continue to be regulated under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act. [58 FR 37556, July 12, 1993] Sec. 1145.17 Multi-purpose lighters that can be operated by children; risks of death or injury. (a) The Commission finds that it is in the public interest to regulate under the Consumer Product Safety Act any risks of injury associated with the fact [[Page 264]] that multi-purpose lighters can be operated by young children, rather than to regulate such risks under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act or the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970. (b) Therefore, if the Commission finds regulation to be necessary, risks of death or injury that are associated with multi-purpose lighters because the lighters can be operated by young children shall be regulated under one or more provisions of the Consumer Product Safety Act. Other risks that are associated with such lighters, and that are based solely on the fact that the lighters contain a hazardous substance, shall continue to be regulated under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act. [64 FR 71884, Dec. 22, 1999] PART 1199_ CHILDREN'S TOYS AND CHILD CARE ARTICLES CONTAINING PHTHALATES: GUIDANCE ON INACCESSIBLE COMPONENT PARTS--Table of Contents Authority: 15 U.S.C. 1251-1289, 86 Stat. 1207, 125 Stat. 273. Source: 78 FR 10506, Feb. 14, 2013, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1199.1 Children's toys and child care articles: Phthalate-containing inaccessible component parts. (a) Section 108 of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (CPSIA) permanently prohibits the sale of any ``children's toy or child care article'' containing more than 0.1 percent of three specified phthalates (di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP)). Section 108 of the CPSIA also prohibits, on an interim basis, ``toys that can be placed in a child's mouth'' or ``child care article'' containing more than 0.1 percent of three additional phthalates (diisononyl phthalate (DINP), diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP), and di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP)). A ``children's toy'' is defined as a consumer product designed or intended by the manufacturer for a child 12 years of age or younger for use by the child when the child plays. A toy can be placed in a child's mouth if any part of the toy can actually be brought to the mouth and kept in the mouth by a child so that it can be sucked and chewed. If the children's product can only be licked, it is not regarded as able to be placed in the mouth. If a toy or part of a toy in one dimension is smaller than 5 centimeters, it can be placed in the mouth. The term ``child care article'' means a consumer product designed or intended by the manufacturer to facilitate sleep or the feeding of children age 3 years and younger, or to help such children with sucking or teething. (b) Section 108(d) of the CPSIA provides that the prohibitions in paragraph (a) of this section do not apply to component parts of a children's toy or child care article that are not accessible to children through normal and reasonably foreseeable use and abuse of such product, as determined by the Commission. A component part is not accessible if it is not physically exposed, by reason of a sealed covering or casing, and does not become physically exposed through reasonably foreseeable use and abuse of the product, including swallowing, mouthing, breaking, or other children's activities, and the aging of the product. (c) Section 108(d)(3) of the CPSIA directs the Commission to promulgate a rule to provide guidance with respect to what product components or classes of components will be considered to be inaccessible for a children's toy or child care article that contains phthalates or adopt the same guidance with respect to inaccessibility that was adopted by the Commission with regard to accessibility of lead under section 101(b)(2)(B) (15 U.S.C. 1278a(b)(2)(B)), with additional consideration, as appropriate, of whether such component can be placed in a child's mouth. 15 U.S.C. 2057c(d)(3). The Commission adopts the same guidance with respect to inaccessibility for the phthalates that was adopted by the Commission with regard to accessibility of lead, however, vinyl (or other plasticized material) covered mattresses/sleep surfaces, that contain phthalates that are designed or intended by the manufacturer to facilitate sleep of children age 3 and younger, are considered accessible and would [[Page 265]] not be considered inaccessible through the use of fabric coverings, including sheets and mattress pads. (d) The accessibility probes specified for sharp points or edges under the Commission's regulations at 16 CFR 1500.48-1500.49 should be used to assess the accessibility of phthalate-containing component parts of a children's toy or child care article. A phthalate-containing component part would be considered accessible if it can be contacted by any portion of the specified segment of the accessibility probe. A phthalate-containing component part would be considered inaccessible if it cannot be contacted by any portion of the specified segment of the accessibility probe. (e) For children's toys or child care articles intended for children that are 18 months of age or younger, the use and abuse tests set forth under the Commission's regulations at 16 CFR 1500.50 and 16 CFR 1500.51 (excluding the bite test of Sec. 1500.51(c)), should be used to evaluate accessibility of phthalate-containing component parts of a children's toy or child care article as a result of normal and reasonably foreseeable use and abuse of the product. (f) For children's toys or child care articles intended for children that are over 18 months, but not over 36 months of age, the use and abuse tests set forth under the Commission's regulations at 16 CFR 1500.50 and 16 CFR 1500.52 (excluding the bite test of Sec. 1500.52(c)), should be used to evaluate accessibility of phthalate- containing component parts of a children's toy or child care article as a result of normal and reasonably foreseeable use and abuse of the product. (g) For children's toys intended for children that are over 36 months, but not over 96 months of age, the use and abuse tests set forth under the Commission's regulations at 16 CFR 1500.50 and 16 CFR 1500.53 (excluding the bite test of Sec. 1500.53(c)), should be used to evaluate accessibility of phthalate-containing component parts of a children's toy as a result of normal and reasonably foreseeable use and abuse of the product. (h) For children's toys intended for children over 96 months through 12 years of age, the use and abuse tests set forth under the Commission's regulations at 16 CFR 1500.50 and 16 CFR 1500.53 (excluding the bite test of Sec. 1500.53(c)) intended for children ages 37-96 months should be used to evaluate accessibility of phthalate-containing component parts of a children's toy as a result of normal and reasonably foreseeable use and abuse of the product. (i) Because the Commission adopts the same guidance with respect to inaccessibility for phthalates that was adopted by the Commission with regard to inaccessibility of lead, paint, coatings, and electroplating may not be considered a barrier that would render phthalate-containing component parts of toys and child care articles inaccessible. A children's toy or child care article that is or contains a phthalate- containing part that is enclosed, encased, or covered by fabric and passes the appropriate use and abuse tests on such covers, is considered inaccessible to a child, unless the product or part of the product, in one dimension, is smaller than 5 centimeters. However, vinyl (or other plasticized material) covered mattresses/sleep surfaces that contain phthalates that are designed or intended by the manufacturer to facilitate sleep of children age 3 and younger, are considered accessible and would not be considered inaccessible through the use of fabric coverings, including sheets and mattress pads. (j) The intentional disassembly or destruction of products by children older than age 8 years, by means or knowledge not generally available to younger children, including use of tools, will not be considered in evaluating products for accessibility of phthalate- containing components. PART 1200_DEFINITION OF CHILDREN'S PRODUCT UNDER THE CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY ACT--Table of Contents Sec. 1200.1 Purpose. 1200.2 Definition of children's product. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2052(2). [[Page 266]] Source: 75 FR 63077, Oct. 14, 2010, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1200.1 Purpose. This part provides guidance on the definition of children's product and the factors the Commission will consider when making determinations regarding children's products as set forth under 15 U.S.C. 2052(2). Sec. 1200.2 Definition of children's product. (a) Definition of ``Children's Product''--(1) Under section 3(a)(2) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA), a children's product means a consumer product designed or intended primarily for children 12 years of age or younger. The term ``designed or intended primarily'' applies to those consumer products mainly for children 12 years old or younger. Whether a product is primarily intended for children 12 years of age or younger is determined by considering the four specified statutory factors. These factors are: (i) A statement by a manufacturer about the intended use of such product, including a label on such product if such statement is reasonable. (ii) Whether the product is represented in its packaging, display, promotion, or advertising as appropriate for use by children 12 years of age or younger. (iii) Whether the product is commonly recognized by consumers as being intended for use by a child 12 years of age or younger. (iv) The Age Determination Guidelines issued by the Commission staff in September 2002 and any successor to such guidelines. (2) The examples discussed herein may also be illustrative in making such determinations; however, the determination of whether a product meets the definition of a children's product depends on factual information that may be unique to each product and, therefore, would need to be made on a case-by-case basis. The term ``for use'' by children 12 years or younger generally means that children will physically interact with such products based on the reasonably foreseeable use of such product. Toys and articles that are subject to the small parts regulations at 16 CFR Part 1501 and in ASTM F963 would fall within the definition of children's product since they are intended for children 12 years of age or younger. Toys and other articles intended for children up to 96 months (8 years old) that are subject to the requirements at 16 CFR 1500.48 through 1500.49 and 16 CFR 1500.50 through 1500.53 would similarly fall within the definition of children's product given their age grading for these other regulations. Therefore, a manufacturer could reasonably conclude on the basis of the age grading for these other regulations that its product also must comply with all requirements applicable to children's products including, but not limited to, those under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act, ASTM F963, ``Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety,'' and the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008. (b) Definition of ``General Use Product''--(1) A general use product means a consumer product that is not designed or intended primarily for use by children 12 years old or younger. General use products are those consumer products designed or intended primarily for consumers older than age 12. Some products may be designed or intended for use by consumers of all ages, including children 12 years old or younger, but are intended mainly for consumers older than 12 years of age. Examples of general use products may include products with which a child would not likely interact, or products with which consumers older than 12 would be as likely, or more likely to interact. Products used by children 12 years of age or younger that have a declining appeal for teenagers are likely to be considered children's products. (2) Other products are specifically not intended for children 12 years of age or younger. These products, such as cigarette lighters, candles, and fireworks, which the Commission has traditionally warned adults to keep away from children, are not subject to the CPSIA's lead limits, tracking label requirement, and third-party testing and certification provisions. Similarly, products that incorporate performance requirements for child resistance are [[Page 267]] not children's products as they are designed specifically to ensure that children cannot access the contents. This would include products such as portable gasoline containers and special packaging under the Poison Prevention Packaging Act. (c) Factors Considered--To determine whether a consumer product is primarily intended for a child 12 years of age or younger the four specified statutory factors must be considered together as a whole. The following four factors must be considered: (1) A statement by a manufacturer about the intended use of such product, including a label on such product if such statement is reasonable. A manufacturer's statement about the product's intended use, including the product's label, should be reasonably consistent with the expected use patterns for a product. A manufacturer's statement that the product is not intended for children does not preclude a product from being regulated as a children's product if the primary appeal of the product is to children 12 years of age or younger, as indicated, for example, by decorations or embellishments that invite use by the child, being sized for a child or being marketed to appeal primarily to children. Similarly, a label indicating that a product is for ages 9 and up does not necessarily make it a children's product if it is a general use product. Such a label may recommend 9 years old as the earliest age for a prospective user, but may or may not indicate the age for which the product is primarily intended. The manufacturer's label, in and of itself, is not considered to be determinative. (2) Whether the product is represented in its packaging, display, promotion, or advertising as appropriate for use by children 12 years of age or younger. (i) These representations may be express or implied. For example, advertising by the manufacturer expressly declaring that the product is intended for children 12 years of age or younger will support a determination that a product is a children's product. While, for example advertising by the manufacturer showing children 12 years of age or younger using the product may support a determination that the product is a children's product. These representations may be found in packaging, text, illustrations and/or photographs depicting consumers using the product, instructions, assembly manuals, or advertising media used to market the product. (ii) The product's physical location near, or visual association with, children's products may be a factor in making an age determination, but is not determinative. For example, a product displayed in a children's toy section of a store may support a determination that the product is a children's product. However, where that same product is also sold in department stores and marketed for general use, further evaluation would be necessary. The Commission recognizes that manufacturers do not necessarily control where a product will be placed in a retail establishment and such lack of control will be considered. The Commission evaluates products more broadly than on a shelf-by-shelf or store-by-store basis. (iii) The product's association or marketing in conjunction with nonchildren's products may not be determinative as to whether the product is a children's product. For example, packaging and selling a stuffed animal with a candle would not preclude a determination that the stuffed animal is a children's product since stuffed animals are commonly recognized as being primarily intended for children. (3) Whether the product is commonly recognized by consumers as being intended for use by children 12 years of age or younger. Consumer perception of the product's use by children, including its reasonably foreseeable use, will be evaluated. Sales data, market analyses, focus group testing, and other marketing studies may help support an analysis regarding this factor. (i) Features and Characteristics--additional considerations that may help distinguish children's products from nonchildren's products include: (A) Small sizes that would not be comfortable for the average adult; (B) Exaggerated features (large buttons, bright indicators) that simplify the product's use; [[Page 268]] (C) Safety features that are not found on similar products intended for adults; (D) Colors commonly associated with childhood (pinks, blues, bright primary colors); (E) Decorative motifs commonly associated with childhood (such as animals, insects, small vehicles, alphabets, dolls, clowns, and puppets); (F) Features that do not enhance the product's utility (such as cartoons) but contribute to its attractiveness to children 12 years of age or younger; and (G) Play value, i.e., features primarily attractive to children 12 years of age or younger that promote interactive exploration and imagination for fanciful purposes (whimsical activities lacking utility for accomplishing mundane tasks; actions performed for entertainment and amusement). (ii) Principal use of the product--the principal uses of a product take precedence over other actions that are less likely to be performed with a product. For example, when a child pretends that a broom is a horse, that does not mean the item is a children's product because the broom's principal use is for sweeping; (iii) Cost--the cost of a given product may influence the determination of the age of intended users; and (iv) Children's interactions, if any, with the product--products for use in a child's environment by the caregiver but not for use by the child would not be considered to be primarily intended for a child 12 years of age or younger. (4) The Age Determination Guidelines issued by the Consumer Product Safety Commission staff in September 2002, and any successor to such guidelines. The product's appeal to different age groups and the capabilities of those age groups may be considered when making determinations about the appropriate user groups for products. (d) Examples--To help manufacturers understand what constitutes a children's product under the CPSA, the following additional examples regarding specific product categories are offered: (1) Furnishings and Fixtures--General home furnishings and fixtures (including, but not limited to: Rocking chairs, shelving units, televisions, digital music players, ceiling fans, humidifiers, air purifiers, window curtains, tissue boxes, rugs, carpets, lamps, clothing hooks and racks) that often are found in children's rooms or schools would not be considered children's products unless they are decorated or embellished with a childish theme and invite use by a child 12 years of age or younger, are sized for a child, or are marketed to appeal primarily to children. Examples of home or school furnishings that are designed or intended primarily for use by children and considered children's products include: Infant tubs, bath seats, small bean bag chairs with childish decorations, beds with children's themes, child- sized desks, and child-sized chairs. Decorative items, such as holiday decorations and household seasonal items that are intended only for display, with which children are not likely to interact, are generally not considered children's products, since they are intended to be used by adults. (2) Collectibles--Adult collectibles may be distinguished from children's collectibles by themes that are inappropriate for children 12 years of age or younger, have features that preclude use by children during play, such as high cost, limited production, fragile features, display features (such as hooks or pedestals), and are not marketed alongside children's products (for example, in a children's department) in ways that make them indistinguishable from children's products. For example, collectible plush bears have high cost, are highly detailed, with fragile accessories, display cases, and platforms on which to pose and hold the bears. Children's bears have lower costs and simple accessories that can be handled without fear of damage to the product. Another example of collectible items includes model railways and trains made for hobbyists. (3) Jewelry--Jewelry intended for children is generally sized, themed, and marketed to children. The following characteristics may cause a piece of jewelry to be considered a children's product: Size; very low cost; play value; childish themes on the jewelry; sale with children's products (such as a child's dress); sale with a child's book, [[Page 269]] a toy, or party favors; sale with children's cereal or snacks; sale at an entertainment or educational event attended primarily by children; sale in a store that contains mostly children's products; and sale in a vending machine. In addition, many aspects of an item's design and marketing are considered when determining the age of consumers for whom the product is intended and will be purchased including: Advertising; promotional materials; packaging graphics and text; dexterity requirements for wearing; appearance (coloring, textures, materials, design themes, licensing, and level of realism); and cost. These characteristics will help jewelry manufacturers and consumers determine whether a particular piece of jewelry is designed or intended primarily for children 12 years of age or younger. (4) DVDs, Video Games, and Computer Products--Most computer products and electronic media, such as CDs, DVDs, and video games, are considered general use products. However, CDs and DVDs with encoded content that is intended for and marketed to children, such as children's movies, games, or educational software may be determined to be children's products. CPSC staff may consider ratings given by entertainment industries and software rating systems when making an age determination. In addition, electronic media players and devices that are embellished or decorated with childish themes that are intended to attract children 12 years of age or younger, are sized for children, or are marketed to appeal primarily to children, are not likely to fall under the general use category where children 12 years or younger likely would be the primary users of such devices. However, electronic devices such as CD players, DVD players, game consoles, book readers, digital media players, cell phones, digital assistant communication devices, and accessories to such devices that are intended mainly for children older than 12 years of age or adults are products for general use. (5) Art Materials--Materials sized, decorated, and marketed to children 12 years of age or younger, such as crayons, finger paints, and modeling dough, would be considered children's products. Crafting kits and supplies that are not specifically marketed to children 12 years of age or younger likely would be considered products intended for general use. Consideration of the marketing and labeling of raw materials and art tools (such as modeling clay, paint, and paint brushes) may often be given high priority in an age determination because the appeal and utility of these raw materials has such a wide audience. If a distributor or retailer sells or rents a general use product in bulk (such as a raw art materials or art tools) through distribution channels that target children 12 years of age or younger in educational settings, such as schools, summer camps, or child care facilities, this type of a distribution strategy would not necessarily convert a general use product into a children's product. However, if the product is packaged in such a manner that either expressly states or implies with graphics, themes, labeling, or instructions that the product is designed or intended primarily for children 12 years of age or younger, then it may be considered a children's product if the required consideration of all four statutory factors supports that determination. The requirements of the Labeling of Hazardous Art Materials Act are similar to the labeling requirements of the FHSA, of which it is a part. Therefore, third party testing to LHAMA is not required. An art material designed or intended primarily for children 12 years of age or younger would have to be tested by a third party laboratory to demonstrate compliance with CPSIA, but it would not require third party testing and certification to the LHAMA requirements. For the same reasons, no general conformity certificate is required for general use art materials. (6) Books--The content of a book can determine its intended audience. Children's books have themes, vocabularies, illustrations, and covers that match the interests and cognitive capabilities of children 12 years of age or younger. The age guidelines provided by librarians, education professionals, and publishers may be dispositive for determining the intended audience. Some children's books have a wide appeal to the general public, and in those [[Page 270]] instances, further analysis may be necessary to assess who the primary intended audience is based on consideration of relevant additional factors, such as product design, packaging, marketing, and sales data. (7) Science Equipment--Microscopes, telescopes, and other scientific equipment that would be used by an adult, as well as a child, are considered general use products. Equipment that is intended by the manufacturer for use primarily by adults, although there may be use by children through such programs, is a general use product. Toy versions of such items are considered children's products. If a distributor or retailer sells or rents a general use product in bulk through distribution channels that target children 12 years of age or younger in educational settings, such as schools or summer camps, this type of a distribution strategy would not necessarily convert a general use product into a children's product. However, if the product is packaged in such a manner that either expressly states or implies with graphics, themes, labeling, or instructions that the product is designed or intended primarily for children 12 years of age or younger, then it may be considered a children's product if the required consideration of all four statutory factors supports that determination. Products mainly intended for use by the instructor would not be considered children's products. In general, scientific equipment that is specifically sized for children, such as protective gear, eyewear, gloves, or aprons and/or has childish themes or decorations and invites use by a child 12 years of age or younger or is marketed to appeal primarily to children is considered a children's product. (8) Sporting Goods and Recreational Equipment--Sporting goods that are intended primarily for consumers older than 12 years of age are considered general use items. Sporting equipment, sized for adults, are general use items even though some children 12 years of age or younger will use them. Unless such items are specifically marketed to children 12 years of age or younger, or have extra features that make them more suitable for children 12 years of age or younger than for adults, they would be considered general use products. If children 12 years or younger would mainly use the product because it would be too small or inappropriate for older children to use, then it likely would be considered a children's product. Likewise, recreational equipment, such as roller blades, skateboards, bicycles, camping gear, and fitness equipment are considered general use products unless they are sized to fit children 12 years of age or younger and/or are decorated with childish features by the manufacturer. (9) Musical Instruments--Musical instruments, including electronically-aided instruments suited for an adult musician, are general use products. Instruments intended primarily for children can be distinguished from adult instruments by their size and marketing themes. The Commission notes that if a distributor or retailer sells or rents in bulk, a general use musical instrument through distribution channels that target children 12 years of age or younger in educational settings, such as schools or summer camps, this type of a distribution strategy would not necessarily convert a general use product into a children's product. However, if the product is packaged in such a manner that either expressly states or implies with graphics, themes, labeling, or instructions that the product is designed or intended primarily for children 12 years of age or younger, then it may be considered a children's product if the required consideration of all four statutory factors supports that determination. PART 1201_SAFETY STANDARD FOR ARCHITECTURAL GLAZING MATERIALS-- Table of Contents Subpart A_The Standard Sec. 1201.1 Scope, application and findings. 1201.2 Definitions. 1201.3 General requirements. 1201.4 Test procedures. 1201.5 Certification and labeling requirements. 1201.6 Prohibited stockpiling. 1201.7 Effective date. Subpart B [Reserved] [[Page 271]] Subpart C_Statements of Policy and Interpretation 1201.40 Interpretation concerning bathtub and shower doors and enclosures. Authority: Secs. 2, 3, 7, 9, 14, 19, Pub. L. 92-573, 86 Stat. 1212- 17; (15 U.S.C. 2051, 2052, 2056, 2058, 2063, 2068). Source: 42 FR 1441, Jan. 6, 1977, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_The Standard Sec. 1201.1 Scope, application and findings. (a) Scope. This part 1201, a consumer product safety standard, prescribes the safety requirements for glazing materials used or intended for use in any of the following architectural products: (1) Storm doors or combination doors. (2) Doors. (3) Bathtub doors and enclosures. (4) Shower doors and enclosures. (5) [Reserved] (6) Sliding glass doors (patio-type). It also requires that these architectural products which incorporate glazing materials be constructed with glazing materials that meet the requirements of this part. The safety requirements are designed to reduce or eliminate unreasonable risks of death or serious injury to consumers when glazing material is broken by human contact. (b) Application. This part 1201 shall apply to glazing materials, as that term is defined in Sec. 1201.2(a)(11), for use in the architectural products listed in paragraph (a) of this section; and to those architectural products listed in paragraph (a) of this section if they are made with, or incorporate glazing materials as that term is defined in Sec. 1201.2(a)(11). The standard applies to glazing materials and architectural products incorporating glazing materials that are produced or distributed for sale to or for the personal use, consumption or enjoyment of consumers in or around a permanent or temporary household or residence or in recreational, school, public, or other buildings or parts thereof. This part 1201 applies only to those glazing materials manufactured after the effective date of the standard; and to those architectural products identified in paragraph (a) of this section that are manufactured after the effective date of the standard. Thus, architectural products identified in paragraph (a) of this section manufactured after the effective date of the standard must incorporate glazing materials that comply with the standard. For purposes of this standard, fabricators are considered to be manufacturers of the architectural products listed in paragraph (a) of this section. Architectural glazing materials used in the products listed in paragraph (a) of this section and used in mobile homes are not subject to the provisions of this part 1201. While this part 1201 prescribes a test method to determine whether glazing materials subject to this part 1201 standard meet the requirements of the standard, the standard itself does not require that a manufacturer test any glazing materials or products subject to the standard. All obligations of manufacturers to perform testing are imposed by section 14 of the Consumer Product Safety Act and certification regulations which will be established by a separate rulemaking proceeding. However, the Commission intends to use the test procedures set forth in this part 1201 to determine whether materials and products subject to the standard meet the requirements of the standard. (c) Exemptions. The following products, materials and uses are exempt from this part 1201: (1) Wired glass used in doors or other assemblies to retard the passage of fire, where such door or assembly is required by a federal, state, local, or municipal fire ordinance. (2) Louvers of jalousie doors; (3) Openings in doors through which a 3 inch diameter sphere is unable to pass; (4) Carved glass (as defined in Sec. 1201.2(a)(36)), dalle glass (as defined in Sec. 1201.2(a)(37)), or leaded glass (as defined in Sec. 1201.2(a)(14)), which is used in doors and glazed panels (as defined in Sec. Sec. 1201.2(a)(7) and (a)(10)) if the glazing material meets all of the following criteria: (i) The coloring, texturing, or other design qualities or components of the glazing material cannot be removed without destroying the material; and [[Page 272]] (ii) The primary purpose of such glazing is decorative or artistic; and (iii) The glazing material is conspicuously colored or textured so as to be plainly visible and plainly identifiable as aesthetic or decorative rather than functional (other than for the purpose of admitting or controlliing admission of light components or heat and cold); and (iv) The glazing material, or assembly into which it is incorporated, is divided into segments by conspicuous and plainly visible lines. (5) Glazing materials used as curved glazed panels in revolving doors; (6) Commercial refrigerated cabinet glazed doors. (d) Findings \1\--(1) The degree and nature of the risk of injury the rule is designed to eliminate or reduce. The Commission finds that the nature of the risks of injury this standard is designed to eliminate or reduce are as follows: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ The Commission's findings apply to the architectural glazing standard as issued at 42 FR 1426, on January 6, 1977. Since that date, the Commission has revoked portions of the standard which prescribed requirements for ``glazed panels'' (45 FR 57383, August 28, 1980); an accelerated environmental durability test for plastic glazing materials intended for outdoor exposure (45 FR 66002, October 6, 1980); and a modulus of elasticity test, a hardness test, and an indoor aging test applicable to plastic glazing materials (47 FR 27856, June 28, 1982). However, the findings have not been revised and they are therefore, not fully applicable to the remaining requirements of the standard. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (i) Lacerations, contusions, abrasions, and other injury or death resulting from walking or running into glazed doors or sliding glass doors believed to be open or glazed panels mistaken as a means of ingress or egress, or pushing against glazing material in doors or glazed panels in an attempt to open a door. (ii) Lacerations, contusions, abrasions, and other injury or death resulting from accidentally falling into or through glazed doors, sliding glass doors, glazed panels, bathtub doors and enclosures and shower doors and enclosures. (iii) Lacerations, contusions, abrasions, and other injury or death resulting from the act of installing, replacing, storing or otherwise manipulating glazing material in doors, sliding glass doors, glazed panels, bathtub doors and enclosures and shower doors and enclosures, or from broken glazing material in doors, sliding glass doors, glazed panels, bathtub doors and enclosures and shower doors and enclosures. The Commission estimates that 73,000 injuries associated with architectural glazing materials in the architectural products within the scope of this standard were treated in hospital emergency rooms during 1975, and that about 2,400 of these injuries required the patients to be hospitalized. Extrapolating to total injuries in the United States the Commission further estimates that approximately 190,000 injuries were associated with architectural glazing products covered by this standard. Although injuries occur at any age, children aged 14 and under appear to be at particular risk of injury since as a group they represent approximately half the injuries while comprising less than 30 percent of the population. Lacerations are the most common injuries associated with architectural glazing materials and account for 72 percent to 93 percent of the injuries associated with the architectural products identified in paragraph (a) of this section. These lacerative injuries span a broad spectrum of severity and extent of body part affected. During 1975, an estimated 200 injuries were treated in emergency rooms for lacerations over 25 to 50 percent of the victims' bodies and over 7,000 persons were treated for lacerations to the head or face. On the basis of all injury information available to the Commission, it is apparent that the severity of the injuries associated with architectural glazing materials ranges from minor cuts to damage to tendons, nerves, muscles, and blood vessels resulting in extensive surgery. Peripheral nerve injuries result in varying degres of loss in sensation and motion which may never be restored completely. Tendon and muscle injuries may involve loss of movement. Some victims of architectural glazing material incidents are disfigured, and sustain emotional trauma as well. Severing of arteries and veins has led to [[Page 273]] death. One way of quantifying the extent of the public health problem relating to injuries associated with products is to estimate the total number of disability days resulting from the injuries. Using average days of restricted activity by age for specific injuries and body parts (Vital and Health Statistics, Series 10, Number 57, National Center for Health Statistics, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare), it is estimated that about 230,000 days of restricted activity resulted from injuries associated with architectural products which were treated in emergency rooms alone. (2) The approximate number of consumer products, or types or classes thereof, subject to the standard. The types of glazing materials affected by or subject to the standard are laminated glass, tempered glass, wired glass, organic-coated glass, annealed glass, and plastics. Architectural products that incorporate the aforementioned glazing materials that are also affected by or subject to the standard are: storm doors or combination doors, doors, bathtub doors, and enclosures, shower doors and enclosures, glazed panels and sliding glass doors (patio-type) (see paragraph (a) of this section). The Commission has estimated that 13 to 16 percent of the total market for glazing material incorporated in products within the scope of the standard will be affected by the standard. Most of the glazing subject to the standard is currently covered by state safety glazing legislation. To date, more than 30 states have enacted safety glazing legislation, but this legislation is neither consistent nor completely uniform among states. Annual markets for the architectural products which incorporate glazing material and that are within the scope of the standard have been estimated by the Commission in terms of square feet of glazed area and number of units. The market for glazing material incorporated in products within the scope of the standard was estimated to be 234.8 million square feet in 1975. These figures are discussed in the Economic Impact Statement, pp. 3-7, and appendix A to the Economic Impact Statement, pp. 18-30, which are available for review in the Office of the Secretary of the Commission, Washington, D.C. 20207. (3) The need of the public for the architectural glazing material and products incorporating that glazing material subject to the standard, and the probable effect of the standard upon the utility, cost or availability of those products to meet the need of the public--(i) The need of the public for the architectural glazing materials and products incorporating that glazing material. The need of the public for architectural products within the scope of the standard incorporating glazing material is substantial since these products serve such functions as transmission of light, visual communication, protection from weather, ventilation, and indoor climate control, and since reasonable substitutes for these products do not exist as a group. Each of the types of glazing material subject to the standard has individual properties which meet public needs, although one type of glazing material is often an acceptable substitute for another. (ii) Probable effect of the standard upon the cost of architectural glazing materials and architectural products incorporating the glazing material to meet the need of the public for the products. The probable cost effects of the standard for architectural glazing materials are listed below. (A) The cost impact of the standard on consumers will be concentrated in those states with no present state safety glazing legislation. In those states, the average increase in cost per housing start resulting from the standard is estimated to range from $30 to $50, or approximately one-tenth of one percent of the price of a typical new house; and the cost for residential remodeling and replacement is expected to be in the range of $0.25 to $0.30 per household annually. (B) The increased cost of glazing material for nonresidential uses will be paid ultimately by consumers through higher prices of goods and services. Generally, the increased cost of glazing is not passed to consumers immediately, but is spread over the life of the nonresidential structure. Therefore, the increased cost to consumers for glazing material in nonresidential structures will probably rise slowly [[Page 274]] over time to an annual level of approximately $1.10 per household in states with no safety glazing legislation and $0.20 to $0.50 per household in the other states. In many of the states with state regulations, the impact of the standard on residential construction and new housing prices will be near zero, since most of the glazing is currently covered by the state glazing legislation. (C) The probable effect of the standard on the various glazing materials within the scope of the standard will differ. The retail price of laminated glass used in some Category II applications will probably increase by 10 to 15 percent per square foot. The incremental cost to consumers for ungraded laminated glass is estimated to be approximately $0.14 per household, annually. The cost to consumers for tempered glass, organic-coated glass, and plastics is not expected to increase because of the standard. Information available to the Commission indicates that the technology needed for producing wired glass which can comply with the standard is not readily available. See appendix A of the Economic Impact Statement, pp. 45-56, for the incremental cost calculation by product category and application. (iii) Probable effect of the standard upon the utility of architectural glazing materials and architectural products incorporating the glazing materials to meet the need of the public for the products. The probable effect of the standard in regard to the utility of architectural glazing materials and the architectural products incorporating glazing material should be to increase the utility of the products. The basic effect of the standard would be the substitution of certain safer glazing materials for annealed glass in certain architectural products. The Commission believes that such a substitution would increase utility for most consumers because of the usually increased durability of the glazing material that complies with the Commission's standard, and the knowledge that the product incorporating the glazing material is safer. There will be disutility for those consumers who prefer non-complying wired glass and organic-coated glass when these materials become unavailable for certain applications due to their likely inability to comply with the standard. However, the share of the glazing material market claimed by organic-coated and wired glass is small. (iv) Probable effect of the standard upon the availability of architectural glazing materials and architectural products incorporating the glazing materials to meet the need of the public for the products. The Commission finds that the proposed standard should not have impacts of significant magnitude on the availability of architectural products within the scope of the standard, since domestic production capacity appears to be sufficient to handle any increased demand for glazing material to be used in those products. In addition, an increased demand for raw materials necessary to manufacture glazing materials that comply with the standard will be small in comparison to the volume of raw materials currently used for glazing for the products that will be subject to the standard. Furthermore, no major change in demand for the architectural products subject to the standard incorporating glazing materials which would affect production is expected. The Commission finds that, in the absence of technological advances, certain glazing materials will no longer be available for particular applications. Unless technological advances are made, wired glass will be unavailable for use in the architectural products within the scope of the standard with the exception of fire door applications where special provisions of the standard apply. Similarly, organic-coated glass which has the film applied to annealed glass at the factory may no longer be available for Category II products due to an inability to pass those impact test provisions of the standard. The availability of glass replacement glazing in residential applications may be reduced, since plastic glazing often will be the only economical material available to consumers when immediate replacement is needed. (4) Any means of achieving the objectives of the standard while minimizing adverse effects on competition or disruption or dislocation of manufacturing and other commercial practices consistent with the public health and safety. The Commission has considered other means of [[Page 275]] achieving the objective of the standard, but has found none that it believes would have fewer adverse effects on competition or that would cause less disruption or dislocation of manufacturing and other commercial practices, consistent with the public health and safety. For the glazing industry in general, the disruptions and dislocations of existing manufacturing and commercial practices due to the standard are expected to be minor. However, it is possible that individual segments of the glazing materials industry are likely to be adversely affected by the standard. Specifically, there is likely to be disruption to the wired glass market, the organic-coated glass market and, to a lesser extent, to the laminated glass market. Manufacturers of wired glass will face a serious problem because technological improvements in the product will need to be made before wired glass can be used in Category I applications and because it probably will not be usable at all in Category II applications (see Sec. 1201.2(a) (3) and (4) of the standard), since there appears to be little prospect at this time of developing a wired glass product capable of withstanding the Category II, 400 foot pound impact test prescribed in Sec. 1201.4 of the standard. Laminated glass currently used for Category I applications can meet the 150 foot pound impact test requirements, but not all laminated glass currently used for Category II applications can meet the 400 foot pound impact test requirements. The price increase for technologically upgrading laminated glass will be borne by consumers. The Commission believes, however, that the competitive impact of the proposed changes would not severely weaken the position of laminated glass in the market place. The wired glass, organic-coated glass, and laminated glass markets affected by the standard are small in relation to the entire industry. The standard is not expected to have an appreciable impact on foreign or domestic competition. Increased competition is expected between primary glass temperers and regional temperers, with primary temperers taking an increased share of the original storm door, sliding door, bathtub enclosure and shower door markets. Sales of nonresidential glazing for major nonresidential buildings will remain with the primary glass companies. The regional temperers are expected to handle almost all the tempering of glazing for smaller nonresidential buildings. Thus, they will gain some of this market at the expense of local dealers and distributors. However, the distributors and dealers probably will operate as order takers for the smallest jobs. It is expected that glazing distributors and dealers will experience reduced market shares in both the residential and nonresidential new glazing markets. This will occur as a result of the transfer of business to the primary glass manufacturers and regional temperers, since tempered glass must be produced to size and it is not feasible to keep in inventory all sizes which might be needed. (5) Summary finding. The Commission finds that there are unreasonable risks of injury associated with architectural glazing materials used in the architectural products listed in paragraph (a) of this section. In assessing the question of whether unreasonable risks of injury or injury potential are associated with architectural glazing materials, the Commission has balanced the degree, nature and frequency of injury against the potential effect of the standard on the ability of architectural glazing materials to meet the need of the public and the effect of the standard on the cost, utility, and availability of architectural glazing materials to meet that need. The Commission finds that this standard, including its effective date, is reasonably necessary to eliminate or reduce the unreasonable risks of injury associated with architectural glazing materials and that promulgation of the standard is in the public interest. (Sec. 9(e), Pub. L. 92-573, 86 Stat. 1215 (15 U.S.C. 2058(e)) (5 U.S.C. 553) [42 FR 1441, Jan. 6, 1977, as amended at 43 FR 57246 Dec. 7, 1978; 45 FR 57389, Aug. 28, 1980; 47 FR 27856, June 28, 1982; 49 FR 7107, Feb. 27, 1984] Sec. 1201.2 Definitions. (a) As used in this part 1201: (1) Annealed glass means glass that has been subjected to a slow, controlled cooling process during manufacture to control residual stresses so that it can [[Page 276]] be cut or subjected to other fabrication. Regular polished plate, float, sheet, rolled, and some patterned surface glasses are examples of annealed glass. (2) Bathtub doors and enclosures means assemblies of panels and/or doors that are installed on the lip of or immediately surrounding a bathtub. (3) Category I products (Class B) means any of the following Architectural products: (i) Storm doors or combination doors that contain no single piece of glazing material greater than 9 square feet (0.83 square meters) in surface area of one side of the piece of glazing material. (ii) Doors that contain no single piece of glazing material greater than 9 square feet (0.83 square meters) in surface area of one side of the piece of glazing material. (4) Category II products (Class A) means any of the following architectural products: (i) Shower doors and enclosures. (ii) Bathtub doors and enclosures. (iii) Sliding glass doors (patio type). (iv) Storm doors or combination doors that contain any piece of glazing material greater than 9 square feet (0.83 square meters) in surface area of one side of the piece of glazing material. (v) Doors that contain any piece of glazing material greater than 9 square feet (0.83 square meters) in surface area of one side of the piece of glazing material. (5) Distributor means a person to whom a consumer product is delivered or sold for purposes of distribution in commerce, including persons cutting glazing material to size, except that such term does not include a manufacturer or retailer of such product. (6) Distribution in commerce means to sell in commerce, to introduce or deliver for introduction into commerce, or to hold for sale or distribution after introduction into commerce. (7) Door means an assembly that is installed in an interior or exterior wall; that is movable in a sliding, pivoting, hinged, or revolving manner of movement; and that is used by consumers to produce or close off an opening for use as a means of human passage. (8) Fabricator means any person who assembles or otherwise incorporates glazing materials into an architectural product listed in Sec. 1201.1(a). A fabricator is considered a manufacturer as defined in paragraph (a)(16) of this section. (9) Glass means a hard, brittle, amorphous substance produced by fusion, usually consisting of mutually dissolved silica and silicates that also contains sods and lime. It may be transparent, translucent, or opaque. (10) [Reserved] (11) Glazing material means glass, including annealed glass, organic coated glass, tempered glass, laminated glass, wired glass; or combinations thereof where these are used: (i) In openings through the architectural products listed in Sec. 1201.1(a), or (ii) As the architectural products themselves, e.g. unframed doors. (12) Jalousie door means a door (as ``door'' is defined in paragraph (a)(7) of this section) having an opening glazed with operable, overlapping louvers. Each louver is one of a series of overlapping pieces of glazing material designed to admit ventilation and light but exclude rain and is typically operated by a crank and gear mechanism. (13) Laminated glass means glazing material composed of two or more pieces of glass, each piece being either tempered glass, heat strengthened glass, annealed glass or wired glass, bonded to an intervening layer or layers of resilient plastic material. (14) Leaded glass means a decorative composite glazing material made of individual pieces of glass whose perimeter is enclosed by lengths of durable metal such as lead or zinc and the pieces of glass are completely held together and supported by such metal. Such pieces of glass can be clear, colored, beveled, painted, or flashed and etched. (15) Manufacture means to manufacture, produce or assemble. (16) Manufacturer means any person who manufactures, fabricates or imports a glazing material or architectural product listed in Sec. 1201.1(a) that incorporates glazing material. [[Page 277]] (17) Mirror means a treated, polished or smooth glazing material that forms images by the reflection of light. (18) Mobile home means a structure transportable in one or more sections, which is eight body feet (2.4 body meters) or more in width and is thirty-two body feet (9.7 body meters) or more in length, and which is built on a permanent chassis and designed to be used as a dwelling with or without a permanent foundation when connected to the required utilities. (19) Other buildings or parts thereof means buildings or parts thereof (other than residential, school, public, or recreational buildings) in which all or part of the building is open to the public with or without specific invitation. Included are buildings or parts thereof such as banks and recreational or retail facilities in a building and multiuse buildings that contain residential units. (20) Organic-coated glass means a glazing material consisting of a piece of glass, coated and bonded on one or both sides with an applied polymeric coating, sheeting, or film. (21) Patio door (See ``sliding glass doors (patio-type)'' in paragraph (a)(31) of this section). (22) Permanent label means a label that will remain permanently legible and visible after installation of the glazing material and that would be destroyed in attempts to remove it from the glazing material and includes (but is not limited to) sandblast, acid etch, hot-stamp, and destructible polyester labels. (23) [Reserved] (24) Private labeler means an owner of a brand or trademark on the label of a consumer product which bears a private label, and includes any fabricator, distributor, or installer who cuts certified and permanently labeled glazing materials into smaller pieces. (25) Public building means a building of public assembly or meeting including (but not limited to) a museum, place of worship, or restaurant. (26) Recreational building means a building used for recreational purposes including (but not limited to) a theater, stadium, gymnasium, amusement park building or library. (27) Residential building means a building, permanent or temporary, such as a single or multifamily residence, including (but not limited to) a house, apartment building, lodging home, dormitory, hotel, motel, hospital, sanitarium, and nursing home, used as a dwelling for one or more persons or families and any structure which is attached to, a part of, or appurtenant to such a building. Public areas of all residential buildings, such as lobbies and other common facilities, are included within the definition of ``other buildings or parts thereof'' in paragraph (a)(19) of this section. For purposes of this part 1201, a mobile home as defined in paragraph (a)(18) of this section is not considered to be a residential building. (28) Retailer means a person to whom a consumer product is delivered or sold for purposes of sale or distribution by such person to a consumer; the term retailer includes a person who cuts glazing material to size for consumers. (29) School building means a building designed primarily for the conduct of educational instruction and includes the classrooms, libraries, administrative offices, auditoriums, eating and sanitary facilities, stadiums, gymnasiums and all other structures associated with such buildings. (30) Shower door and enclosure means an assembly of one or more panels installed to form all or part of the wall and or door of a shower stall. (31) Sliding glass door (patio-type) means an assembly of one or more panels, at least one of which is suitably movable for use as a means of human ingress or egress. The term includes the nonmovable and movable panels of such assembly. (32) Storm door (or combination door) means a movable assembly, used in tandem with an exterior door to protect the exterior door against weather elements and/or to improve indoor climate control. (33) Tempered glass means a piece of specially heat treated or chemically treated glass that cannot be cut, drilled, ground, or polished after treatment without fracture. When fractured at any point, if highly tempered, the entire piece breaks into small particles. [[Page 278]] (34) Wired glass means a single piece of annealed glass that contains wire embedded in the body of the glass. (35) Commission means the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (36) Carved glass means a decoration glazing material in which a permanent visible design has been produced by polishing, grinding, or otherwise removing portions of the surface. (37) Dalle glass or dalle de verre (including faceted glass) means a decorative composite glazing material made of individual pieces of glass which are imbedded in a cast matrix of concrete or epoxy. (b) Definitions given in the Consumer Product Safety Act, and not repeated in this section, are applicable to this part. (c) Test methods and recommended practices published by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) \1\, and referred to in this part 1201, are hereby incorporated by reference into this part. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ ASTM test methods and recommended practices are approved by, published by, and available for purchase from the American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (d) Test methods and recommended practices published by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and referred to in this part 1201, are hereby incorporated by reference into this part. (Sec. 9(e), Pub. L. 92-573, 86 Stat. 1215; (15 U.S.C. 2058(e); (5 U.S.C. 553)) [42 FR 1441, Jan. 6, 1977, as amended at 42 FR 61860, Dec. 7, 1977; 43 FR 50422, Oct. 30, 1978; 43 FR 57247, Dec. 7, 1978; 45 FR 57389, Aug. 28, 1980; 47 FR 27856, June 28, 1982; 81 FR 15431, Mar. 23, 2016] Sec. 1201.3 General requirements. (a) All glazing materials to which this standard applies, as described in Sec. 1201.1, shall meet the impact and environmental test requirements in Sec. 1201.4, and shall be labeled by manufacturers in accordance with Sec. 1201.5. (b) Glazing materials used in architectural products not listed in Sec. 1201.1(a) are not subject to this part. Any material not listed in the definition of ``glazing material'' in Sec. 1201.2(a)(11) is not subject to this part 1201. [42 FR 1441, Jan. 6, 1977, as amended at 47 FR 27856, June 28, 1982] Sec. 1201.4 Test procedures. Except as provided in Sec. Sec. 1201.1(c) and (d), architectural glazing products shall be tested in accordance with all of the applicable test provisions of ANSI Z97.1-2015 ``American National Standard for Safety Glazing Materials Used in Building--Safety Performance Specifications and Methods of Test,'' approved March 2015. The Director of the Federal Register approves the incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy from ANSI Customer Service Department, 25 W. 43rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036. You may inspect a copy at the Office of the Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone 301-504-7923, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. [81 FR 15431, Mar. 23, 2016] Sec. 1201.5 Certification and labeling requirements. (a) Manufacturers and private labelers of glazing materials covered by this part 1201 shall comply with the requirements of section 14 CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2063) and regulations issued under section 14. (b) [Reserved] (c) Organic-coated glass that has been tested for environmental exposure from one side only must bear a permanent label on the coating stating ``GLAZE THIS SIDE IN'' and shall bear in the central 50 percent of the surface area the following message in letters at least \1/4\ inch (7 millimeters) high: ``SEE PERMANENT LABEL FOR IMPORTANT MOUNTING INSTRUCTION.'' The latter message shall be attached to either side of the glazing by any means [[Page 279]] which shall ensure the message will remain in place until installation. [42 FR 1441, Jan. 6, 1977, as amended at 45 FR 66007, Oct. 6, 1980] Sec. 1201.6 Prohibited stockpiling. (a) Stockpiling. For the purposes of this section, the term stockpiling means manufacturing or importing the affected products between the date of issuance of this part in the Federal Register and the effective date set out below in Sec. 1201.7 at a rate significantly greater (prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section) than the rate at which the affected products were produced or imported during a base period (prescribed in paragraph (c)(2) of this section). (b) Prohibited acts. Manufacturers and importers of glazing materials, fabricators, and manufacturers or importers of architectural products specified in Sec. 1201.1(a) who incorporate glazing material shall not incorporate glazing materials which do not comply with the requirements of this part 1201 into such products between the date of issuance of this part in the Federal Register and the effective date set out in Sec. 1201.7 below at a rate greater than the rate of production or importation during the base period (defined in paragraph (c)(2) of this section) plus ten percent. For wired glass used in doors or other assemblies subject to this part 1201 and intended to retard the passage of fire, when such doors or other assemblies are required by a Federal, State, local or municipal fire ordinance, the rate of production during the base period may be increased annually by no more than 10 percent. (c) Definitions. As used in this section: (1) Rate of production (or importation) means the total number of affected architectural products incorporating glazing material not complying with this part manufactured or imported during a stated base period. (2) Base period means, at the option of the manufacturer or importer, any period of 180 consecutive days prior to January 6, 1977, said period to be selected within an interval which begins July 6, 1975. Sec. 1201.7 Effective date. The effective date of this part 1201 shall be July 6, 1977 except: (a) For glazing materials used in doors or other assemblies subject to this part and intended to retard the passage of fire when such doors or other assemblies are required by a Federal, State, or local or municipal fire ordinance, the effective date shall be January 6, 1980. (b) Architectural glazing materials manufactured before July 6, 1977 may be incorporated into architectural products listed in Sec. 1201.1(a) through July 5, 1978 if: (1) The architectural glazing material conforms to ANSI Standard Z97.1-1972 or 1975, ``Performance Specifications and Methods of Test for Safety Glazing Material Used in Buildings,'' 1972 or 1975 \2\, which is incorporated by reference, and --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\ Copies of ANSI Standard Z97.1-1972 or 1975 are available from the American National Standards Institute, 1430 Broadway, New York, New York 10018. They are also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ ibr_locations.html.This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register. These materials are incorporated as they exist in the editions which have been approved by the Director of the Federal Register and which have been filed with the Office of the Federal Register. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (2) The architectural glazing material is permanently labeled to indicate it conforms to ANSI Z97.1-1972 or 1975 or is accompanied by a certificate certifying conformance to ANSI Z97.1 1972 or 1975. (c) Tempered glass manufactured before July 6, 1977 may be incorporated into architectural products listed in Sec. 1201.1(a) through July 5, 1981 if: (1) The tempered glass conforms to ANSI Z97.1-1972 or 1975; and (2) The tempered glass is permanently labeled to indicate it conforms to ANSI Z97.1-1972 or 1975 or is accompanied by a certificate certifying conformance to ANSI Z97.1-1972 or 1975. (d) Laminated glass manufactured on or after July 6, 1977 through December [[Page 280]] 3, 1977 may be incorporated into category II products as defined in Sec. 1201.2(a)(4) through July 5, 1978 if: (1) The laminated glass conforms to ANSI Z97.1-1972 or 1975; and (2) The laminated glass is permanently labeled to indicate that it conforms to ANSI Z97.1-1972 or 1975 or is accompanied by a certificate in accordance with section 14(a) of the CPSA certifying conformance to ANSI Z97.1-1972 or 1975. (e) Architectural products manufactured between July 6, 1977 and July 5, 1978 incorporating glazing material in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section, may be distributed and sold without restriction. (f) Architectural products manufactured between July 6, 1977 and July 5, 1981 incorporating tempered glass in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section, may be distributed and sold without restriction. (g) Architectural products identified in Sec. 1201.2(a)(4) manufactured between July 6, 1977 and July 5, 1978 incorporating laminated glass in accordance with Sec. 1201.7(d) may be distributed and sold without restriction. (h) Patinaed glass manufactured between July 6, 1977 and January 8, 1979, in accordance with the Commission's stay order published in the Federal Register of August 9, 1977 (42 FR 40188), may be sold without restriction. Architectural products incorporating such glazing may also be sold without restriction. [43 FR 50422, Oct. 30, 1978, as amended at 43 FR 57247, Dec. 7, 1978; 46 FR 63250, Dec. 31, 1981] Subpart B [Reserved] Subpart C_Statements of Policy and Interpretation Sec. 1201.40 Interpretation concerning bathtub and shower doors and enclosures. (a) Purpose and background. The purpose of this section is to clarify the scope of the terms ``bathtub doors and enclosures'' and ``shower door and enclosure'' as they are used in the Standard in subpart A. The Standard lists the products that are subject to it (Sec. 1201.1(a)). This list includes bathtub doors and enclosures, a term defined in the Standard to mean ``assemblies of panels and/or doors that are installed on the lip of or immediately surrounding a bathtub'' (Sec. 1201.2(a)(2)). The list also includes shower doors and enclosures, a term defined to mean ``(assemblies) of one or more panels installed to form all or part of the wall and/or door of a shower stall'' (Sec. 1201.2(a)(30)). Since the Standard became effective on July 6, 1977, the question has arisen whether the definitions of these products include glazing materials in a window that is located over a bathtub or within a shower stall and in the exterior wall of a building. The definitions of the terms ``bathtub doors and enclosures'' and ``shower door and enclosure'' contain no specific exemption for glazing materials in such windows. If read literally, the Standard could include glazing materials in an exterior wall window located above a bathtub because that window could be interpreted as being ``immediately surrounding'' the bathtub. Similarly, the Standard, if read literally, could include glazing materials in an exterior wall window because that window could be interpreted as forming ``all or part of the wall * * * of a shower stall.'' (b) Interpretation. When the Consumer Product Safety Commission issued the Standard, it did not intend the standard to apply to any item of glazing material in a window that is located over a bathtub or within a shower stall and in the exterior wall of a building. The Commission clarifies that the Standard does not apply to such items of glazing material or such windows. This interpretation applies only to the term ``bathtub doors and enclosures'' and ``shower door and enclosure'' and does not affect the applicability of the Standard to any other product. [46 FR 45751, Sept. 15, 1981] PART 1202_SAFETY STANDARD FOR MATCHBOOKS--Table of Contents Sec. 1202.1 Scope and effective date. 1202.2 Findings. 1202.3 Definitions. 1202.4 Matchbook general requirements. 1202.5 Certification. [[Page 281]] 1202.6 Marking. 1202.7 Prohibited stockpiling. Authority: Secs. 2, 3, 7, 9, 14, 16, and 19. Pub. L. 92-573, 86 Stat. 1212-17 (15 U.S.C. 2051, 2052, 2056, 2058, 2063, 2065, and 2068). Source: 43 FR 53709, Nov. 17, 1978, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1202.1 Scope and effective date. (a) Scope. This part 1202, a consumer product safety standard, prescribes the safety requirements, including labeling requirements, for the matchbook. This part 1202 applies to all matchbooks manufactured in or imported into the United States after its effective date. (b) Effective date. The effective date shall be May 4, 1978. Sec. 1202.2 Findings. \1\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ The Commission's findings apply to the matchbook standard that it published on May 4, 1977 (42 FR 22656-70). On Mar. 31, 1978, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the First Circuit set aside portions of that standard (D. D. Bean & Sons, Co. v. CPSC, 574 F. 2d 643). On Nov. 17, 1978, the Commission published a revised version of the standard which reflects the court's decision. However, the findings have not been revised and they are therefore not fully applicable to the revised matchbook requirements. For example, the revised standard does not address the unreasonable risk of injury of ``[b]urn injuries that have been sustained by persons from fires that have been set by the afterglow of extinguished bookmatches'' (Sec. 1202.2(a)(6)) because the court set aside the afterglow performance requirement. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (a) Risk of injury. The Commission finds that unreasonable risks of injury from accidents are associated with matchbooks. These unreasonable risks, which this part 1202 is intended to reduce or eliminate, are: (1) Burn injuries, sustained by children and others, including mentally or physically impaired persons, who play with or otherwise improperly use bookmatches. (2) Burn injuries sustained by persons who use bookmatches that fragment or have delayed ignition. (3) Eye injuries sustained by persons who use bookmatches that fragment and cause particles from such matches to lodge in a person's eye. (4) Burn injuries sustained by persons who use bookmatches that, when struck, ignite the remaining matches in the matchbook. (5) Burn injuries sustained by persons from fires that have resulted from unexpected ignition of bookmatches with no deliberate action by the user. (6) Burn injuries that have been sustained by persons from fires that have been set by the afterglow of extinguished bookmatches. (b) Products subject to this standard. (1) The products subject to this standard are those kinds of manufactured ignition devices known as matchbooks. The matchbook consists of a group of bookmatches joined together and fastened within a cover. Although matchbooks are commonly referred to as paper matches or paper-stem matches to distinguish them from individual stick matches such as wooden stem matches packaged in boxes, all matchbooks, regardless of the materials of manufacture of the covers or of the bookmatches fastened within, are subject to this standard. (2) Matchbooks subject to this standard can be divided into two basic categories: Resale matchbooks and special reproduction matchbooks. Resale matchbooks can be subdivided into advertising and nonadvertising matchbooks. Nonadvertising matchbooks are generally sold by large chain stores, and constitute a small portion of the total resale matchbook volume. Resale matchbooks with advertising are generally given away by tobacco shops, drug stores, vending firms, and other mass distribution outlets. Special reproduction matchbooks, characterized by their distinctive and unique cover designs, are purchased and distributed for promotional purposes by hotels, restaurants, financial institutions, and other business enterprises, and are given free to users. (3) The Commission estimates that resale matchbooks accounted for almost 75 percent of the volume of matchbooks in 1975, or about 15 billion matchbooks, while special reproduction matchbooks accounted for just over 25 percent, or about 5.5 billion matchbooks. (c) Effects on utility, cost, and availability. (1) The Commission finds that the public need for ignition devices which are small, portable, and can be [[Page 282]] used to provide a source of fire, is substantial since such products meet basic requirements for a source of fire to ignite tobacco products, fires, candles, or other products, and are also used for miscellaneous other purposes such as providing short term illumination. Three types of products: Matchbooks, individual stick matches, and lighters, predominantly supply the source of fire to meet these requirements. (i) The Commission estimates that in 1976 U.S. consumers required approximately 645 billion such fire sources or ``lights,'' as they are known, with almost 98 percent of this total required for tobacco products. In the aggregate, the requirements by U.S. consumers for a source of fire has been growing at an annual rate of approximately 3 percent. Matchbooks, the products regulated in this standard, are estimated to have supplied about 65 percent of the source of lights, lighters accounted for about 25 percent, and individual stick matches (primarily wooden-stem type) accounted for the remainder. (ii) The Commission also finds that matchbooks fulfill a need by institutions and business enterprises for a particular form of specialty advertising that is both relatively inexpensive and effective in reaching a specified audience or population segment with the advertiser's message. Various studies of matchbooks as a form of advertising have found that readership can average 3 to 15 times higher than average readership, listenership, and viewership figures from competing media such as magazines, newspapers, radio, and television, and that readership retention of the matchbook advertising message was extremely high, about 45 percent. In addition, matchbooks tend to be considerably less expensive than other forms of specialty advertising, including those competing advertising items such as address books, key cases, litterbags, and the like, which are themselves relatively inexpensive. (2) The Commission finds that the standard will have no adverse effects on the utility that consumers derive from matchbooks. To the extent that injuries and property damage associated with the use of matchbooks is reduced or eliminated as a result of this standard, the utility of matchbooks as a source of fire will be increased. (3) The Commission estimates that manufacturing cost increases as a direct or indirect effect of this standard will be modest for the industry as a whole. Such increases will tend to be concentrated in one- time costs to complete changeover to reverse friction, and in costs to establish and implement testing programs and certification procedures. (i) Because some 80-90 percent of the matchbooks produced annually are given free to consumers, there is not likely to be any direct cost impact on the consumer as a result of the standard. Some proportion of increased manufacturing costs will be passed on to the institutions and business enterprises that purchase matchbooks for promotional purposes. To the extent that increases in advertising and promotional costs may be reflected in higher prices for goods and services sold by these businesses, there may be indirect cost effects on consumers. If so, such impacts would likely be small, if not imperceptible. (ii) For the 12-20 percent of matchbooks that are purchases at retail by consumers, some proportion of any manufacturing cost increases may be passed on to the consumer. A resulting increase in retail prices for such matchbooks will be small, no more than a few cents per box of 50 matchbooks. (4) The Commission finds that the standard will not have impacts of significant magnitude on the availability of matchbooks. Although some institutions and business enterprises may reduce their matchbook purchases or eliminate them in response to any increased price of matchbooks, the large number of such purchasers, and the large volume purchased annually, are such that curtailment of purchases by some businesses is likely to have very small effects on the total number of matchbooks available to U.S. consumers. (d) Alternatives. (1) The Commission has considered other means of achieving the objective of the standard throughout the course of its development. Certain other more elaborate test requirements were considered and [[Page 283]] were shown to have the potential for severe adverse effects on competition and estimated to result in disruptions and dislocations of manufacturing and commercial practices. Therefore, having considered and rejected such other means of achieving the objective of the standard, the Commission has found none that would cause less disruption or dislocation of manufacturing and other commercial practices, consistent with the public health and safety than this standard. (2) Because of competition from substitute products such as inexpensive disposable butane lighters and because of other prevailing business and economic conditions, the industry manufacturing matchbooks has been in a state of contraction in recent years. This contraction, marked by the exit of some firms and by plant closings or consolidations, is likely to continue in the future; but this will neither be the result of, nor significantly accelerated by, effects of the standard. Currently, aggressive price and service competition prevails among firms vying for customer accounts. It is anticipated that this competition for sales may increase as an indirect effect of the standard. To the extent that this occurs, there may be some disruption or dislocation of manufacturing, sales, or distribution practices in certain matchbook product categories and market segments. Marginal firms and firms producing limited product categories or for limited market segments may be affected to a greater degree than multiproduct category or multimarket firms. (e) Conclusion. The Commission finds that this standard, including its effective date, is reasonably necessary to eliminate or reduce the unreasonable risks of injury associated with matchbooks and that the issuance of the standard is in the public interest. Sec. 1202.3 Definitions. In addition to the definitions given in section 3 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2052), the following definitions apply for the purpose of this standard: (a) Bookmatch means a single splint, with a matchhead attached, that comes from a matchbook. (b) Bridge means the matchhead material held in common by two or more splints. (c) Broken bridge means a bridge that has become separated. (d) Caddy means a package of two or more matchbooks wrapped or boxed together at a production plant. (e) Comb means a piece of wood, paper, or other suitable material that has been formed into splints, that remain joined at their base, and that are designed to have matchheads attached to their tips. (f) Cover means the paperboard or other suitable material that is wrapped around and fastened to the comb(s). (g) Friction means the dried chemical mixture on the matchbook cover used to ignite the bookmatch. (h) Match means a single splint with matchhead attached. (i) Matchbook means one or more combs with matchheads attached and a cover that is wrapped around and fastened to those combs. (j) Matchhead means the dried chemical mixture on the end of a splint. (k) Splint means the support for the matchhead or that portion normally held when using the bookmatch. Sec. 1202.4 Matchbook general requirements. A matchbook shall meet the following general requirements: (a) The friction shall be located on the outside back cover near the bottom of the matchbook. (b) The cover shall remain closed without external force. (c) No friction material shall be located on the inside of the cover where possible contact with the matchheads may occur during ordinary use. (d) There shall be no bridge(s) or broken bridge(s). (e) No matchhead in the matchbook shall be split, chipped, cracked, or crumbled. (f) No portion of any matchhead shall be outside the matchbook cover when the cover is closed. (g) No part of a staple or other assembly device for securing the cover and combs shall be within or touching the friction area. (h) A staple used as an assembly device for securing the cover and combs [[Page 284]] shall be fully clinched so that the ends are flattened or turned into the cover. Sec. 1202.5 Certification. Certification shall be in accordance with section 14(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2063(a)). Under this provision, manufacturers and private labelers of products subject to safety standards must certify that their products conform to the standard, based on either a test of each product or on a reasonable testing program. Sec. 1202.6 Marking. (a) The manufacturer's or private labeler's name and city or a symbol which will identify the name and city shall appear on the matchbook. In addition, every private labeler must label the matchbook with a code which enables it to identify, if requested, the manufacturer of the product. (b) Boxes or cartons in which two or more caddies are shipped shall be marked ``For safety, store in a cool, dry place.'' Sec. 1202.7 Prohibited stockpiling. Section 9(d)(2) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2058(d)(2)) authorizes the Commission to prohibit manufacturers and importers from stockpiling a product subject to a consumer product safety standard between its date of issuance and its effective date. A manufacturer or importer is in violation of Section 9(d)(2) and of this section if it fails to comply with the following: (a) Definitions. (1) Base period means, at the option of the manufacturer or importer concerned, any period of 365 consecutive days beginning on or after January 1, 1973, and ending on or before December 31, 1975. (2) Rate of production (or importation) means the total number of matchbooks manufactured (or imported) during a stated time period. In determining whether a matchbook was manufactured during a stated time period, the date on which the cover and combs were assembled to form a matchbook shall be used. In the event that a manufacturer currently operates a matchbook manufacturing plant that it did not operate during the base period, or that it did not operate for an entire base period, that manufacturer shall use, as the rate of production during the base period for that plant, either (i) the average daily rate of production (including nonproduction days such as Sundays, holidays, and vacations) for the part of the base period he did operate that plant, multiplied by 365 or (ii) the rate of production during the base period of his most nearly similar matchbook manufacturing plant. (b) Prohibited act. Manufacturers and importers of matchbooks, as these products are defined in Sec. 1202.3(i), shall not manufacture or import matchbooks that do not comply with the requirements of this part between the date that this part is issued and the date that it becomes effective at a rate that is greater than the rate of production or importation during the base period plus 15 percent of that rate. (c) Documentation. Manufacturers and importers shall maintain, for a period of six (6) months after the effective date specified in Sec. 1202.1(b), appropriate documentation to be able to substantiate to the Commission that they are in compliance with the provisions of this section. PART 1203_SAFETY STANDARD FOR BICYCLE HELMETS--Table of Contents Subpart A_The Standard Sec. 1203.1 Scope, general requirements, and effective date. 1203.2 Purpose and basis. 1203.3 Referenced documents. 1203.4 Definitions. 1203.5 Construction requirements--projections. 1203.6 Labeling and instructions. 1203.7 Samples for testing. 1203.8 Conditioning environments. 1203.9 Test headforms. 1203.10 Selecting the test headform. 1203.11 Marking the impact test line. 1203.12 Test requirements. 1203.13 Test schedule. 1203.14 Peripheral vision test. 1203.15 Positional stability test (roll-off resistance). 1203.16 Dynamic strength of retention system test. 1203.17 Impact attenuation test. Subpart B_Certification 1203.30 Purpose, basis, and scope. 1203.31 Applicability date. [[Page 285]] 1203.32 Definitions. 1203.33 Certification testing. 1203.34 Product certification and labeling by manufacturers (including importers). Subpart C_Recordkeeping 1203.40 Effective date. 1203.41 Recordkeeping requirements. Subpart D_Requirements for Bicycle Helmets Manufactured From March 17, 1995, Through March 10, 1999 1203.51 Purpose and basis. 1203.52 Scope and effective date. 1203.53 Interim safety standards. Figure 1 to Part 1203--Anatomical Planes Figure 2 to Part 1203--ISO Headform-Basic, Reference, and Median Planes Figure 3 to Part 1203--Location of Reference Plane Figure 4 to Part 1203--Location of Test Lines for Helmets Intended for Persons Five (5) Years of Age and Older Figure 5 to Part 1203--Location of Tesr Lines for Helmets Intended for Persons Ages 1 and Older Figure 6 to Part 1203--Field of Vision Figure 7 to Part 1203--Typical Test Apparatus for Positional Stability Test Figure 8 to Part 1203--Apparatus for Test of Retention System Strength Figure 9 to Part 1203--Impact Test Apparatus Figure 10 to Part 1203--Center of Gravity for Drop Assembly Figures 11-13 to Part 1203--Hemispherical Anvil and Curbstone Anvil Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2056, 2058, and 6001-6006. Subpart B is also issued under 15 U.S.C. 2063. Subpart C is also issued under 15 U.S.C. 2065. Source: 63 FR 11729, Mar. 10, 1998, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_The Standard Sec. 1203.1 Scope, general requirements, and effective date. (a) Scope. The standard in this subpart describes test methods and defines minimum performance criteria for all bicycle helmets, as defined in Sec. 1203.4(b). (b) General requirements--(1) Projections. All projections on bicycle helmets must meet the construction requirements of Sec. 1203.5. (2) Labeling and instructions. All bicycle helmets must have the labeling and instructions required by Sec. 1203.6. (3) Performance tests. All bicycle helmets must be capable of meeting the peripheral vision, positional stability, dynamic strength of retention system, and impact-attenuation tests described in Sec. Sec. 1203.7 through 1203.17. (4) Units. The values stated in International System of Units (``SI'') measurements are the standard. The inch-pound values stated in parentheses are for information only. (c) Effective date. The standard shall become effective March 10, 1999 and shall apply to all bicycle helmets manufactured after that date. Bicycle helmets manufactured from March 17, 1995 through March 10, 1999, inclusive, are subject to the requirements of Subpart D, rather than this subpart A. Sec. 1203.2 Purpose and basis. The purpose and basis of this standard is to reduce the likelihood of serious injury and death to bicyclists resulting from impacts to the head, pursuant to 15 U.S.C. 6001-6006. Sec. 1203.3 Referenced documents. (a) The following documents are incorporated by reference in this standard. (1) Draft ISO/DIS Standard 6220-1983--Headforms for Use in the Testing of Protective Helmets. \1\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ Although the draft ISO/DIS 6220-1983 standard was never adopted as an international standard, it has become a consensus national standard because all recent major voluntary standards used in the United States for testing bicycle helmets establish their headform dimensions by referring to the draft ISO standard. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (2) SAE Recommended Practice SAE J211 OCT88, Instrumentation for Impact Tests. (b) This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR Part 51. Copies of the standards may be obtained as follows. Copies of the draft ISO/DIS Standard 6220-1983 are available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13th Floor, New York, NY 10036. Copies of the SAE Recommended Practice SAE J211 OCT88, Instrumentation for Impact Tests, are available from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096. Copies may be [[Page 286]] inspected at the Office of the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East-West Highway, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ ibr_locations.html. Sec. 1203.4 Definitions. (a) Basic plane means an anatomical plane that includes the auditory meatuses (the external ear openings) and the inferior orbital rims (the bottom edges of the eye sockets). The ISO headforms are marked with a plane corresponding to this basic plane (see Figures 1 and 2 of this part). (b) Bicycle helmet means any headgear that either is marketed as, or implied through marketing or promotion to be, a device intended to provide protection from head injuries while riding a bicycle. \2\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\ Helmets specifically marketed for exclusive use in a designated activity, such as skateboarding, rollerblading, baseball, roller hockey, etc., would be excluded from this definition because the specific focus of their marketing makes it unlikely that such helmets would be purchased for other than their stated use. However, a multi-purpose helmet--one marketed or represented as providing protection either during general use or in a variety of specific activities other than bicycling--would fall within the definition of bicycle helmet if a reasonable consumer could conclude, based on the helmet's marketing or representations, that bicycling is among the activities in which the helmet is intended to be used. In making this determination, the Commission will consider the types of specific activities, if any, for which the helmet is marketed, the similarity of the appearance, design, and construction of the helmet to other helmets marketed or recognized as bicycle helmets, and the presence, prominence, and clarity of any warnings, on the helmet or its packaging or promotional materials, against the use of the helmet as a bicycle helmet. A multi-purpose helmet marketed without specific reference to the activities in which the helmet is to be used will be presumed to be a bicycle helmet. The presence of warnings or disclaimers advising against the use of a multi- purpose helmet during bicycling is a relevant, but not necessarily controlling, factor in the determination of whether a multi-purpose helmet is a bicycle helmet. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (c) Comfort or fit padding means resilient lining material used to configure the helmet for a range of different head sizes. (d) Coronal plane is an anatomical plane perpendicular to both the basic and midsagittal planes and containing the midpoint of a line connecting the right and left auditory meatuses. The ISO headforms are marked with a transverse plane corresponding to this coronal plane (see Figures 1 and 2 of this part). (e) Field of vision is the angle of peripheral vision allowed by the helmet when positioned on the reference headform. (f) Helmet positioning index (``HPI'') is the vertical distance from the brow of the helmet to the reference plane, when placed on a reference headform. This vertical distance shall be specified by the manufacturer for each size of each model of the manufacturer's helmets, for the appropriate size of headform for each helmet, as described in Sec. 1203.10. (g) Midsagittal plane is an anatomical plane perpendicular to the basic plane and containing the midpoint of the line connecting the notches of the right and left inferior orbital ridges and the midpoint of the line connecting the superior rims of the right and left auditory meatuses. The ISO headforms are marked with a longitudinal plane corresponding to the midsagittal plane (see Figures 1 and 2 of this part). (h) Modular elastomer programmer (``MEP'') is a cylindrical pad, typically consisting of a polyurethane rubber, used as a consistent impact medium for the systems check procedure. The MEP shall be 152 mm (6 in) in diameter, and 25 mm (1 in) thick and shall have a durometer of 602 Shore A. The MEP shall be affixed to the top surface of a flat 6.35 mm (\1/4\ in) thick aluminum plate. See Sec. 1203.17(b)(1). (i) Preload ballast is a ``bean bag'' filled with lead shot that is placed on the helmet to secure its position on the headform. The mass of the preload ballast is 5 kg (11 lb). [[Page 287]] (j) Projection is any part of the helmet, internal or external, that extends beyond the faired surface. (k) Reference headform is a headform used as a measuring device and contoured in the same configuration as one of the test headforms A, E, J, M, and O defined in draft ISO DIS 6220-1983. The reference headform shall include surface markings corresponding to the basic, coronal, midsagittal, and reference planes (see Figures 1 and 2 of this part). (l) Reference plane is a plane marked on the ISO headforms at a specified distance above and parallel to the basic plane (see Figure 3 of this part). (m) Retention system is the complete assembly that secures the helmet in a stable position on the wearer's head. (n) Shield means optional equipment for helmets that is used in place of goggles to protect the eyes. (o) Spherical impactor is an impact fixture used in the instrument system check of Sec. 1203.17(b)(1) to test the impact-attenuation test equipment for precision and accuracy. The spherical impactor shall be a 146 mm (5.75 in) diameter aluminum sphere mounted on the ball-arm connector of the drop assembly. The total mass of the spherical-impactor drop assembly shall be 5.00.1 kg (11.00.22 lb). (p) Test headform is a solid model in the shape of a human head of sizes A, E, J, M, and O as defined in draft ISO/DIS 6220-1983. Headforms used for the impact-attenuation test shall be constructed of low- resonance K-1A magnesium alloy. The test headforms shall include surface markings corresponding to the basic, coronal, midsagittal, and reference planes (see Figure 2 of this part). (q) Test region is the area of the helmet, on and above a specified impact test line, that is subject to impact testing. Sec. 1203.5 Construction requirements--projections. Any unfaired projection extending more than 7 mm (0.28 in.) from the helmet's outer surface shall break away or collapse when impacted with forces equivalent to those produced by the applicable impact-attenuation tests in Sec. 1203.17 of this standard. There shall be no fixture on the helmet's inner surface projecting more than 2 mm into the helmet interior. Sec. 1203.6 Labeling and instructions. (a) Labeling. Each helmet shall be marked with durable labeling so that the following information is legible and easily visible to the user: (1) Model designation. (2) A warning to the user that no helmet can protect against all possible impacts and that serious injury or death could occur. (3) A warning on both the helmet and the packaging that for maximum protection the helmet must be fitted and attached properly to the wearer's head in accordance with the manufacturer's fitting instructions. (4) A warning to the user that the helmet may, after receiving an impact, be damaged to the point that it is no longer adequate to protect the head against further impacts, and that this damage may not be visible to the user. This label shall also state that a helmet that has sustained an impact should be returned to the manufacturer for inspection, or be destroyed and replaced. (5) A warning to the user that the helmet can be damaged by contact with common substances (for example, certain solvents [ammonia], cleaners [bleach], etc.), and that this damage may not be visible to the user. This label shall state in generic terms some recommended cleaning agents and procedures (for example, wipe with mild soap and water), list the most common substances that damage the helmet, warn against contacting the helmet with these substances, and refer users to the instruction manual for more specific care and cleaning information. (6) Signal word. The labels required by paragraphs (a) (2) through (5) of this section shall include the signal word ``WARNING'' at the beginning of each statement, unless two or more of the statements appear together on the same label. In that case, the signal word need only appear once, at the beginning of the warnings. The signal word ``WARNING'' shall be in all capital letters, bold print, and a type size equal to or greater than the other text on the label. [[Page 288]] (b) Instructions. Each helmet shall have fitting and positioning instructions, including a graphic representation of proper positioning. Sec. 1203.7 Samples for testing. (a) General. Helmets shall be tested in the condition in which they are offered for sale. To meet the standard, the helmets must be able to pass all tests, both with and without any attachments that may be offered by the helmet's manufacturer and with all possible combinations of such attachments. (b) Number of samples. To test conformance to this standard, eight samples of each helmet size for each helmet model offered for sale are required. Sec. 1203.8 Conditioning environments. Helmets shall be conditioned to one of the following environments prior to testing in accordance with the test schedule at Sec. 1203.13. The barometric pressure in all conditioning environments shall be 75 to 110 kPa (22.2 to 32.6 in of Hg). All test helmets shall be stabilized within the ambient condition for at least 4 hours prior to further conditioning and testing. Storage or shipment within this ambient range satisfies this requirement. (a) Ambient condition. The ambient condition of the test laboratory shall be within 17 [deg]C to 27 [deg]C (63 [deg]F to 81 [deg]F), and 20 to 80% relative humidity. The ambient test helmet does not need further conditioning. (b) Low temperature. The helmet shall be kept at a temperature of - 17 [deg]C to -13 [deg]C (1 [deg]F to 9 [deg]F) for 4 to 24 hours prior to testing. (c) High temperature. The helmet shall be kept at a temperature of 47 [deg]C to 53 [deg]C (117 [deg]F to 127 [deg]F) for 4 to 24 hours prior to testing. (d) Water immersion. The helmet shall be fully immersed ``crown'' down in potable water at a temperature of 17 [deg]C to 27 [deg]C (63 [deg]F to 81 [deg]F) to a crown depth of 305 mm 25 mm (12 in. 1 in.) for 4 to 24 hours prior to testing. Sec. 1203.9 Test headforms. The headforms used for testing shall be selected from sizes A, E, J, M, and O, as defined by DRAFT ISO/DIS 6220-1983, in accordance with Sec. 1203.10. Headforms used for impact testing shall be rigid and be constructed of low-resonance K-1A magnesium alloy. Sec. 1203.10 Selecting the test headform. A helmet shall be tested on the smallest of the headforms appropriate for the helmet sample. A headform size is appropriate for a helmet if all of the helmet's sizing pads are partially compressed when the helmet is equipped with its thickest sizing pads and positioned correctly on the reference headform. Sec. 1203.11 Marking the impact test line. Prior to testing, the impact test line shall be determined for each helmet in the following manner. (a) Position the helmet on the appropriate headform as specified by the manufacturer's helmet positioning index (HPI), with the brow parallel to the basic plane. Place a 5-kg (11-lb) preload ballast on top of the helmet to set the comfort or fit padding. (b) Draw the impact test line on the outer surface of the helmet coinciding with the intersection of the surface of the helmet with the impact line planes defined from the reference headform as shown in: (1) Figure 4 of this part for helmets intended only for persons 5 years of age and older. (2) Figure 5 of this part for helmets intended for persons age 1 and older. (c) The center of the impact sites shall be selected at any point on the helmet on or above the impact test line. Sec. 1203.12 Test requirements. (a) Peripheral vision. All bicycle helmets shall allow unobstructed vision through a minimum of 105[deg] to the left and right sides of the midsagittal plane when measured in accordance with Sec. 1203.14 of this standard. (b) Positional stability. No bicycle helmet shall come off of the test headform when tested in accordance with Sec. 1203.15 of this standard. (c) Dynamic strength of retention system. All bicycle helmets shall have a retention system that will remain intact without elongating more than 30 mm (1.2 in.) when tested in accordance with Sec. 1203.16 of this standard. [[Page 289]] (d) Impact attenuation criteria--(1) General. A helmet fails the impact attenuation performance test of this standard if a failure under paragraph (d)(2) of this section can be induced under any combination of impact site, anvil type, anvil impact order, or conditioning environment permissible under the standard, either with or without any attachments, or combinations of attachments, that are provided with the helmet. Thus, the Commission will test for a ``worst case'' combination of test parameters. What constitutes a worst case may vary, depending on the particular helmet involved. (2) Peak acceleration. The peak acceleration of any impact shall not exceed 300 g when the helmet is tested in accordance with Sec. 1203.17 of this standard. Sec. 1203.13 Test schedule. (a) Helmet sample 1 of the set of eight helmets, as designated in Table 1203.13, shall be tested for peripheral vision in accordance with Sec. 1203.14 of this standard. (b) Helmet samples 1 through 8, as designated in Table 1203.13, shall be conditioned in the ambient, high temperature, low temperature, and water immersion environments as follows: helmets 1 and 5--ambient; helmets 2 and 7--high temperature; helmets 3 and 6--low temperature; and helmets 4 and 8--water immersion. (c) Testing must begin within 2 minutes after the helmet is removed from the conditioning environment. The helmet shall be returned to the conditioning environment within 3 minutes after it was removed, and shall remain in the conditioning environment for a minimum of 2 minutes before testing is resumed. If the helmet is out of the conditioning environment beyond 3 minutes, testing shall not resume until the helmet has been reconditioned for a period equal to at least 5 minutes for each minute the helmet was out of the conditioning environment beyond the first 3 minutes, or for 4 hours, (whichever reconditioning time is shorter) before testing is resumed. (d) Prior to being tested for impact attenuation, helmets 1-4 (conditioned in ambient, high temperature, low temperature, and water immersion environments, respectively) shall be tested in accordance with the dynamic retention system strength test at Sec. 1203.16. Helmets 1-4 shall then be tested in accordance with the impact attenuation tests on the flat and hemispherical anvils in accordance with the procedure at Sec. 1203.17. Helmet 5 (ambient-conditioned) shall be tested in accordance with the positional stability tests at Sec. 1203.15 prior to impact testing. Helmets 5-8 shall then be tested in accordance with the impact attenuation tests on the curbstone anvil in accordance with Sec. 1203.17. Table 1203.13 summarizes the test schedule. Table 1203.13--Test Schedule ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sec. Sec. 1203.17 Impact tests Sec. Sec. 1203.16 ---------------------------------- 1203.14 1203.15 Retention Peripheral Positional system Anvil Number of vision stability strength Impacts ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Helmet 1, Ambient.................. X ............ X X Flat............. 2 X Hemi............. 2 Helmet 2, High Temperature......... ............ ............ X X Flat............. 2 X Hemi............. 2 Helmet 3, Low Temperature.......... ............ ............ X X Flat............. 2 X Hemi............. 2 Helmet 4, Water Immersion.......... ............ ............ X X Flat............. 2 X Hemi............. 2 Helmet 5, Ambient.................. ............ X ............ X Curb............. 1 Helmet 6, Low Temperature.......... ............ ............ ............ X Curb............. 1 Helmet 7, High Temperature......... ............ ............ ............ X Curb............. 1 Helmet 8, Water Immersion.......... ............ ............ ............ X Curb............. 1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sec. 1203.14 Peripheral vision test. Position the helmet on a reference headform in accordance with the HPI and place a 5-kg (11-lb) preload ballast on top of the helmet to set the comfort or fit padding. (Note: Peripheral vision [[Page 290]] clearance may be determined when the helmet is positioned for marking the test lines.) Peripheral vision is measured horizontally from each side of the midsagittal plane around the point K (see Figure 6 of this part). Point K is located on the front surface of the reference headform at the intersection of the basic and midsagittal planes. The vision shall not be obstructed within 105 degrees from point K on each side of the midsagittal plane. Sec. 1203.15 Positional stability test (roll-off resistance). (a) Test equipment--(1) Headforms. The test headforms shall comply with the dimensions of the full chin ISO reference headforms sizes A, E, J, M, and O. (2) Test fixture. The headform shall be secured in a test fixture with the headform's vertical axis pointing downward and 45 degrees to the direction of gravity (see Figure 7 of this part). The test fixture shall permit rotation of the headform about its vertical axis and include means to lock the headform in the face up and face down positions. (3) Dynamic impact apparatus. A dynamic impact apparatus shall be used to apply a shock load to a helmet secured to the test headform. The dynamic impact apparatus shall allow a 4-kg (8.8-lb) drop weight to slide in a guided free fall to impact a rigid stop anvil (see Figure 7 of this part). The entire mass of the dynamic impact assembly, including the drop weight, shall be no more than 5 kg (11 lb). (4) Strap or cable. A hook and flexible strap or cable shall be used to connect the dynamic impact apparatus to the helmet. The strap or cable shall be of a material having an elongation of no more than 5 mm (0.20 in.) per 300 mm (11.8 in.) when loaded with a 22-kg (48.5 lb) weight in a free hanging position. (b) Test procedure. (1) Orient the headform so that its face is down, and lock it in that orientation. (2) Place the helmet on the appropriate size full chin headform in accordance with the HPI and fasten the retention system in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Adjust the straps to remove any slack. (3) Suspend the dynamic impact system from the helmet by positioning the flexible strap over the helmet along the midsagittal plane and attaching the hook over the edge of the helmet as shown in Figure 7 of this part. (4) Raise the drop weight to a height of 0.6 m (2 ft) from the stop anvil and release it, so that it impacts the stop anvil. (5) The test shall be repeated with the headform's face pointing upwards, so that the helmet is pulled from front to rear. Sec. 1203.16 Dynamic strength of retention system test. (a) Test equipment. (1) ISO headforms without the lower chin portion shall be used. (2) The retention system strength test equipment shall consist of a dynamic impact apparatus that allows a 4-kg (8.8-lb) drop weight to slide in a guided free fall to impact a rigid stop anvil (see Figure 8 of this part). Two cylindrical rollers that spin freely, with a diameter of 12.50.5 mm (0.49 in.0.02 in.) and a center-to-center distance of 76.01 mm (3.00.04 in.), shall make up a stirrup that represents the bone structure of the lower jaw. The entire dynamic test apparatus hangs freely on the retention system. The entire mass of the support assembly, including the 4-kg (8.8-lb) drop weight, shall be 11 kg0.5 kg (24.2 lb1.1 lb). (b) Test procedure. (1) Place the helmet on the appropriate size headform on the test device according to the HPI. Fasten the strap of the retention system under the stirrup. (2) Mark the pre-test position of the retention system, with the entire dynamic test apparatus hanging freely on the retention system. (3) Raise the 4-kg (8.8-lb) drop weight to a height of 0.6 m (2 ft) from the stop anvil and release it, so that it impacts the stop anvil. (4) Record the maximum elongation of the retention system during the impact. A marker system or a displacement transducer, as shown in Figure 8 of this part, are two methods of measuring the elongation. [[Page 291]] Sec. 1203.17 Impact attenuation test. (a) Impact test instruments and equipment--(1) Measurement of impact attenuation. Impact attenuation is determined by measuring the acceleration of the test headform during impact. Acceleration is measured with a uniaxial accelerometer that is capable of withstanding a shock of at least 1000 g. The helmet is secured onto the headform and dropped in a guided free fall, using a monorail or guidewire test apparatus (see Figure 9 of this part), onto an anvil fixed to a rigid base. The center of the anvil shall be aligned with the center vertical axis of the accelerometer. The base shall consist of a solid mass of at least 135 kg (298 lb), the upper surface of which shall consist of a steel plate at least 12 mm (0.47 in.) thick and having a surface area of at least 0.10 m\2\ (1.08 ft\2\). (2) Accelerometer. A uniaxial accelerometer shall be mounted at the center of gravity of the test headform, with the sensitive axis aligned within 5 degrees of vertical when the test headform is in the impact position. The acceleration data channel and filtering shall comply with SAE Recommended Practice J211 OCT88, Instrumentation for Impact Tests, Requirements for Channel Class 1000. (3) Headform and drop assembly--centers of gravity. The center of gravity of the test headform shall be at the center of the mounting ball on the support assembly and within an inverted cone having its axis vertical and a 10-degree included angle with the vertex at the point of impact. The location of the center of gravity of the drop assembly (combined test headform and support assembly) must meet the specifications of Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 218, Motorcycle Helmets, 49 CFR 571.218 (S7.1.8). The center of gravity of the drop assembly shall lie within the rectangular volume bounded by x=- 6.4 mm (-0.25 in.), x = 21.6 mm (0.85 in.), y = 6.4 mm (0.25 in.), and y = -6.4 mm (-0.25 in.), with the origin located at the center of gravity of the test headform. The origin of the coordinate axes is at the center of the mounting ball on the support assembly. The rectangular volume has no boundary along the z-axis. The positive z-axis is downward. The x-y-z axes are mutually perpendicular and have positive or negative designations as shown in Figure 10 of this part. Figure 10 shows an overhead view of the x-y boundary of the drop assembly center of gravity. (4) Drop assembly. The combined mass of the drop assembly, which consists of instrumented test headform and support assembly (excluding the test helmet), shall be 5.00.1 kg (11.000.22 lb). (5) Impact anvils. Impact tests shall be performed against the three different solid (i.e., without internal cavities) steel anvils described in this paragraph (a)(5). (i) Flat anvil. The flat anvil shall have a flat surface with an impact face having a minimum diameter of 125 mm (4.92 in.). It shall be at least 24 mm (0.94 in.) thick (see Figure 11 of this part). (ii) Hemispherical anvil. The hemispherical anvil shall have a hemispherical impact surface with a radius of 481 mm (1.890.04 in.) (see Figure 12 of this part). (iii) Curbstone anvil. The curbstone anvil shall have two flat faces making an angle of 105 degrees and meeting along a striking edge having a radius of 15 mm0.5 mm (0.590.02 in.). The height of the curbstone anvil shall not be less than 50 mm (1.97 in.), and the length shall not be less than 200 mm (7.87 in.) (see Figure 13 of this part). (b) Test Procedure--(1) Instrument system check (precision and accuracy). The impact-attenuation test instrumentation shall be checked before and after each series of tests (at least at the beginning and end of each test day) by dropping a spherical impactor onto an elastomeric test medium (MEP). The spherical impactor shall be a 146 mm (5.75 in.) diameter aluminum sphere that is mounted on the ball-arm connector of the drop assembly. The total mass of the spherical-impactor drop assembly shall be 5.00.1 kg (11.00.22 lb). The MEP shall be 152 mm (6 in.) in diameter and 25 mm (1 in.) thick, and shall have a durometer of 602 Shore A. The MEP shall be affixed to the top surface of a flat 6.35 mm (\1/4\ in.) thick aluminum plate. The geometric center of the MEP pad shall be aligned with the center vertical axis of the accelerometer (see paragraph (a)(2) of this section). The impactor shall be dropped onto the MEP at an impact velocity of [[Page 292]] 5.44 m/s2%. (Typically, this requires a minimum drop height of 1.50 meters (4.9 ft) plus a height adjustment to account for friction losses.) Six impacts, at intervals of 7515 seconds, shall be performed at the beginning and end of the test series (at a minimum at the beginning and end of each test day). The first three of six impacts shall be considered warm-up drops, and their impact values shall be discarded from the series. The second three impacts shall be recorded. All recorded impacts shall fall within the range of 380 g to 425 g. In addition, the difference between the high and low values of the three recorded impacts shall not be greater than 20 g. (2) Impact sites. Each of helmets 1 through 4 (one helmet for each conditioning environment) shall impact at four different sites, with two impacts on the flat anvil and two impacts on the hemispherical anvil. The center of any impact may be anywhere on or above the test line, provided it is at least 120 mm (4.72 in), measured on the surface of the helmet, from any prior impact center. Each of helmets 5 through 8 (one helmet for each conditioning environment) shall impact at one site on the curbstone anvil. The center of the curbstone impacts may be on or anywhere above the test line. The curbstone anvil may be placed in any orientation as long as the center of the anvil is aligned with the axis of the accelerometer. As noted in Sec. 1203.12(d)(1), impact sites, the order of anvil use (flat and hemispherical), and curbstone anvil sites and orientation shall be chosen by the test personnel to provide the most severe test for the helmet. Rivets and other mechanical fasteners, vents, and any other helmet feature within the test region are valid test sites. (3) Impact velocity. The helmet shall be dropped onto the flat anvil with an impact velocity of 6.2 m/s3% (20.34 ft/ s3%). (Typically, this requires a minimum drop height of 2 meters (6.56 ft), plus a height adjustment to account for friction losses.) The helmet shall be dropped onto the hemispherical and curbstone anvils with an impact velocity of 4.8 m/s3% (15.75 ft/s3%). (Typically, this requires a minimum drop height of 1.2 meters (3.94 ft), plus a height adjustment to account for friction losses.) The impact velocity shall be measured during the last 40 mm (1.57 in) of free-fall for each test. (4) Helmet position. Prior to each test, the helmet shall be positioned on the test headform in accordance with the HPI. The helmet shall be secured so that it does not shift position prior to impact. The helmet retention system shall be secured in a manner that does not interfere with free-fall or impact. (5) Data. Record the maximum acceleration in g's during impact. See Subpart C, Sec. 1203.41(b). Subpart B_Certification Sec. 1203.30 Purpose, basis, and scope. (a) Purpose. The purpose of this subpart is to establish requirements that manufacturers and importers of bicycle helmets subject to the Safety Standard for Bicycle Helmets (subpart A of this part 1203) shall issue certificates of compliance in the form specified. (b) Basis. Section 14(a)(1) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA), 15 U.S.C. 2063(a)(1), requires every manufacturer (including importers) and private labeler of a product which is subject to a consumer product safety standard to issue a certificate that the product conforms to the applicable standard. Section 14(a)(1) further requires that the certificate be based either on a test of each product or on a ``reasonable testing program.'' The Commission may, by rule, designate one or more of the manufacturers and private labelers as the persons who shall issue the required certificate. 15 U.S.C. 2063(a)(2). (c) Scope. The provisions of this subpart apply to all bicycle helmets that are subject to the requirements of the Safety Standard for Bicycle Helmets, subpart A of this part 1203. Sec. 1203.31 Applicability date. All bicycle helmets manufactured on or after March 11, 1999, must meet the standard and must be certified as complying with the standard in accordance with this subpart B. Sec. 1203.32 Definitions. The following definitions shall apply to this subpart: [[Page 293]] (a) Foreign manufacturer means an entity that manufactured a bicycle helmet outside the United States, as defined in 15 2052(a)(10) and (14). (b) Manufacturer means the entity that either manufactured a helmet in the United States or imported a helmet manufactured outside the United States. (c) Private labeler means an owner of a brand or trademark that is used on a bicycle helmet subject to the standard and that is not the brand or trademark of the manufacturer of the bicycle helmet, provided the owner of the brand or trademark caused, authorized, or approved its use. (d) Production lot means a quantity of bicycle helmets from which certain bicycle helmets are selected for testing prior to certifying the lot. All bicycle helmets in a lot must be essentially identical in those design, construction, and material features that relate to the ability of a bicycle helmet to comply with the standard. (e) Reasonable testing program means any tests which are identical or equivalent to, or more stringent than, the tests defined in the standard and which are performed on one or more bicycle helmets selected from the production lot to determine whether there is reasonable assurance that all of the bicycle helmets in that lot comply with the requirements of the standard. Sec. 1203.33 Certification testing. (a) General. Manufacturers, as defined in Sec. 1203.32(b) to include importers, shall conduct a reasonable testing program to demonstrate that their bicycle helmets comply with the requirements of the standard. (b) Reasonable testing program. This paragraph provides guidance for establishing a reasonable testing program. (1) Within the requirements set forth in this paragraph (b), manufacturers and importers may define their own reasonable testing programs. Reasonable testing programs may, at the option of manufacturers and importers, be conducted by an independent third party qualified to perform such testing programs. However, manufacturers and importers are responsible for ensuring compliance with all requirements of the standard in subpart A of this part. (2) As part of the reasonable testing program, the bicycle helmets shall be divided into production lots, and sample bicycle helmets from each production lot shall be tested. Whenever there is a change in parts, suppliers of parts, or production methods, and the change could affect the ability of the bicycle helmet to comply with the requirements of the standard, the manufacturer shall establish a new production lot for testing. (3) The Commission will test for compliance with the standard by using the standard's test procedures. However, a reasonable testing program need not be identical to the tests prescribed in the standard. (4) If the reasonable testing program shows that a bicycle helmet may not comply with one or more requirements of the standard, no bicycle helmet in the production lot can be certified as complying until sufficient actions are taken that it is reasonably likely that no noncomplying bicycle helmets remain in the production lot. All identified noncomplying helmets in the lot must be destroyed or altered by repair, redesign, or use of a different material or component, to the extent necessary to make them conform to the standard. (5) The sale or offering for sale of a bicycle helmet that does not comply with the standard is a prohibited act and a violation of section 19(a) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2068(a)), regardless of whether the bicycle helmet has been validly certified. Sec. 1203.34 Product certification and labeling by manufacturers (including importers). (a) Form of permanent label of certification. Manufacturers, as defined in Sec. 1203.32(a), shall issue certificates of compliance for bicycle helmets manufactured after March 11, 1999, in the form of a durable, legible, and readily visible label meeting the requirements of this section. This label is the helmet's certificate of compliance, as that term is used in section 14 of the CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2063. (b) Contents of certification label. The certification labels required by this section shall contain the following: (1) The statement ``Complies with U.S. CPSC Safety Standard for Bicycle [[Page 294]] Helmets for Persons Age 5 and Older'' or ``Complies with U.S. CPSC Safety Standard for Bicycle Helmets for Persons Age 1 and Older (Extended Head Coverage)'', as appropriate; this label may spell out ``U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission'' instead of ``U.S. CPSC''; (2) The name of the U.S. manufacturer or importer responsible for issuing the certificate or the name of a private labeler; (3) The address of the U.S. manufacturer or importer responsible for issuing the certificate or, if the name of a private labeler is on the label, the address of the private labeler; (4) The name and address of the foreign manufacturer, if the helmet was manufactured outside the United States; (5) The telephone number of the U.S. manufacturer or importer responsible for issuing the certificate or, if the name of a private labeler is on the label, the telephone number of the private labeler; (6) An identification of the production lot; and (7) The uncoded month and year the product was manufactured. (c) Coding. (1) The information required by paragraphs (b)(4) and (b)(6) of this section, and the information referred to in paragraph (c)(2) of this section, may be in code, provided: (i) The person or firm issuing the certificate maintains a written record of the meaning of each symbol used in the code, and (ii) The record shall be made available to the distributor, retailer, consumer, and Commission upon request. (2) A serial number may be used in place of a production lot identification on the helmet if it can serve as a code to identify the production lot. If a bicycle helmet is manufactured for sale by a private labeler, and if the name of the private labeler is on the certification label, the name of the manufacturer or importer issuing the certificate, and the name and address of any foreign manufacturer, may also be in code. (d) Placement of the label(s). The information required by paragraphs (b)(2), (b)(3), and (b)(5) of this section must be on one label. The other required information may be on separate labels. The label(s) required by this section must be affixed to the bicycle helmet. If the label(s) are not immediately visible to the ultimate purchaser of the bicycle helmet prior to purchase because of packaging or other marketing practices, a second label is required. That label shall state, as appropriate, ``Complies with U.S. CPSC Safety Standard for Bicycle Helmets for Persons Age 5 and Older'', or ``Complies with U.S. CPSC Safety Standard for Bicycle Helmets for Persons Age 1 and Older (Extended Head Coverage)''. The label shall be legible, readily visible, and placed on the main display panel of the packaging or, if the packaging is not visible before purchase (e.g., catalog sales), on the promotional material used with the sale of the bicycle helmet. This label may spell out ``U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission'' instead of ``U.S. CPSC.'' (e) Additional provisions for importers--(1) General. The importer of any bicycle helmet subject to the standard in subpart A of this part 1203 must issue the certificate of compliance required by section 14(a) of the CPSA and this section. If a reasonable testing program meeting the requirements of this subpart has been performed by or for the foreign manufacturer of the product, the importer may rely in good faith on such tests to support the certificate of compliance, provided: (i) The importer is a resident of the United States or has a resident agent in the United States, (ii) There are records of such tests required by Sec. 1203.41 of subpart C of this part, and (iii) Such records are available to the Commission within 48 hours of a request to the importer. (2) Responsibility of importers. Importers that rely on tests by the foreign manufacturer to support the certificate of compliance shall--in addition to complying with paragraph (e)(1) of this section--examine the records supplied by the manufacturer to determine that they comply with Sec. 1203.41 of subpart C of this part. [[Page 295]] Subpart C_Recordkeeping Sec. 1203.40 Effective date. This subpart is effective March 10, 1999, and applies to bicycle helmets manufactured after that date. Sec. 1203.41 Recordkeeping requirements. (a) General. Every person issuing certificates of compliance for bicycle helmets subject to the standard in subpart A of this part shall maintain records which show that the certificates are based on a reasonable testing program. The records shall be maintained for a period of at least 3 years from the date of certification of the last bicycle helmet in each production lot. These records shall be available, upon request, to any designated officer or employee of the Commission, in accordance with section 16(b) of the CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2065(b). If the records are not physically available during the inspection because they are maintained at another location, the firm must provide them to the staff within 48 hours. (b) Records of helmet tests. Complete test records shall be maintained. These records shall contain the following information. (1) An identification of the bicycle helmets tested; (2) An identification of the production lot; (3) The results of the tests, including the precise nature of any failures; (4) A description of the specific actions taken to address any failures; (5) A detailed description of the tests, including the helmet positioning index (HPI) used to define the proper position of the helmet on the headform; (6) The manufacturer's name and address; (7) The model and size of each helmet tested; (8) Identifying information for each helmet tested, including the production lot for each helmet; (9) The environmental condition under which each helmet was tested, the duration of the helmet's conditioning, the temperatures in each conditioning environment, and the relative humidity and temperature of the laboratory; (10) The peripheral vision clearance; (11) A description of any failures to conform to any of the labeling and instruction requirements; (12) Performance impact results, stating the precise location of impact, type of anvil used, velocity prior to impact, and maximum acceleration measured in g's; (13) The results of the positional stability test; (14) The results of the dynamic strength of retention system test; (15) The name and location of the test laboratory; (16) The name of the person(s) who performed the test; (17) The date of the test; and (18) The system check results. (c) Format for records. The records required to be maintained by this section may be in any appropriate form or format that clearly provides the required information. Certification test results may be kept on paper, microfiche, computer disk, or other retrievable media. Where records are kept on computer disk or other retrievable media, the records shall be made available to the Commission on paper copies, or via electronic mail in the same format as paper copies, upon request. Subpart D_Requirements For Bicycle Helmets Manufactured From March 17, 1995, Through March 10, 1999 Sec. 1203.51 Purpose and basis. The purpose and basis of this subpart is to protect bicyclists from head injuries by ensuring that bicycle helmets comply with the requirements of appropriate existing voluntary standards, as provided in 15 U.S.C. 6004(a). Sec. 1203.52 Scope and effective date. (a) This subpart D is effective March 17, 1995, except for Sec. 1203.53(a)(8), which is effective March 10, 1998. This subpart D shall apply to bicycle helmets manufactured from March 17, 1995, through March 10, 1999, inclusive. Such bicycle helmets shall comply with the requirements of one of the standards specified in Sec. 1203.53. This subpart shall be considered a consumer product safety standard issued under the Consumer Product Safety Act. [[Page 296]] (b) The term ``bicycle helmet'' is defined at Sec. 1203.4(b). (c) These interim mandatory safety standards will not apply to bicycle helmets manufactured after March 10, 1999. Those helmets are subject to the requirements of Subparts A through C of this part 1203. Sec. 1203.53 Interim safety standards. (a) Bicycle helmets must comply with one or more of the following standards. The standards in paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(7) of this section are incorporated herein by reference: (1) American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard Z90.4- 1984, Protective Headgear for Bicyclists, (2) ASTM standards F 1447-93 or F 1447-94, Standard Specification for Protective Headgear Used in Bicycling, incorporating the relevant provisions of ASTM F 1446-93 or ASTM F 1446-94, Standard Test Methods for Equipment and Procedures Used in Evaluating the Performance Characteristics of Protective Headgear, respectively, (3) Canadian Standards Association standard, Cycling Helmets--CAN/ CSA-D113.2-M89, (4) Snell Memorial Foundation (Snell) 1990 Standard for Protective Headgear for Use in Bicycling (designation B-90), (5) Snell 1990 Standard for Protective Headgear for Use in Bicycling, including March 9, 1994 Supplement (designation B-90S), (6) Snell 1994 Standard for Protective Headgear for Use in Non- Motorized Sports (designation N-94), or (7) Snell 1995 standard for Protective Headgear for Use with Bicycles B-95. (8) Subparts A through C of this part 1203. (b) The incorporation by reference of the standards listed in paragraphs (a)(1) through (a)(7) are approved by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. Copies of the standards may be obtained as follows. Copies of the ANSI Z90.4 standard are available from: American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd Street, 13th Floor, New York, NY 10036. Copies of the ASTM standards are available from: ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. Copies of the Canadian Standards Association CAN/CSA-D113.2-M89 standard are available from: CSA, 178 Rexdale Boulevard, Rexdale (Toronto), Ontario, Canada, M9W 1R3. Copies of the Snell standards are available from: Snell Memorial Foundation, Inc., 6731-A 32nd Street, North Highlands, CA 95660. Copies may be inspected at the Office of the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East-West Highway, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ ibr_locations.html. [[Page 297]] Sec. Figure 1 to Part 1203--Anatomical Planes [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR10MR98.001 [[Page 298]] Sec. Figure 2 to Part 1203--ISO Headform-Basic, Reference, and Median Planes [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR10MR98.002 [[Page 299]] Sec. Figure 3 to Part 1203--Location of Reference Plane [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR10MR98.003 [[Page 300]] Sec. Figure 4 to Part 1203--Location of Test Lines for Helmets Intended for Persons Five (5) Years of Age and Older [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR10MR98.004 [[Page 301]] Sec. Figure 5 to Part 1203--Location of Test Lines for Helmets Intended for Persons Ages 1 and Older [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR10MR98.005 [[Page 302]] Sec. Figure 6 to Part 1203--Field of Vision [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR10MR98.006 [[Page 303]] Sec. Figure 7 to Part 1203--Typical Test Apparatus for Positional Stability Test [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR10MR98.007 [[Page 304]] Sec. Figure 8 to Part 1203--Apparatus for Test of Retention System Strength [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR10MR98.008 [[Page 305]] Sec. Figure 9 to Part 1203--Impact Test Apparatus [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR10MR98.009 [[Page 306]] Sec. Figure 10 to Part 1203--Center of Gravity for Drop Assembly [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR10MR98.010 [[Page 307]] Sec. Figures 11, 12 and 13 to Part 1203--Hemispherical Anvil and Curbstone Anvil [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR10MR98.011 [[Page 308]] PART 1204_SAFETY STANDARD FOR OMNIDIRECTIONAL CITIZENS BAND BASE STATION ANTENNAS--Table of Contents Subpart A_The Standard Sec. 1204.1 Scope of the standard. 1204.2 Definitions. 1204.3 Requirements. 1204.4 Electric shock protection tests. 1204.5 Manufacturer's instructions. 1204.6 Findings. Subpart B_Certification 1204.11 General. 1204.12 Definitions. 1204.13 Certificate of compliance. 1204.14 Certification tests. 1204.15 Qualification testing. 1204.16 Production testing. 1204.17 Records. Figures 1-2 to Part 1204--Suggested Instrumentation for Current Monitoring Device and High Voltage Facility Figures 3-4 to Part 1204--High Voltage Test Facility and Antenna System Test Setup Authority: Secs. 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 14, 16, 19, 25, Pub. L. 92-573, 86 Stat. 1207, 1208, 1211-17, 1220, as amended Pub. L. 95-319, sec. 1, 92 Stat. 386, Pub. L. 94-284, 90 Stat. 503; 15 U.S.C. 2051, 2052, 2054, 2056, 2058, 2063, 2065, 2068, 2074. Source: 47 FR 36201, Aug. 19, 1982, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_The Standard Sec. 1204.1 Scope of the standard. (a) General. This subpart A of part 1204 is a consumer product safety standard which prescribes safety requirements for Citizens Band omnidirectional base station antennas. The standard is intended to reduce the risk of electrocution or serious injuries occurring if the antenna contacts an electric power line while the antenna is being put up or taken down. One way that this can be accomplished is to insulate the antenna so that if it contacts the power line, there is less of a likelihood that a harmful electric current will be transmitted from the power line through the antenna and mast and ultimately through a person holding the antenna mast. Another possible way to provide this protection is to incorporate an insulating barrier between the antenna and the mast or other supporting structure, so that a harmful electric current will not pass from the antenna to a person in contact with the mast. (If this alternative were chosen, the feed cable from the antenna would have to be insulated or otherwise protected so that it would not provide an electrical path to the mast or a person touching the cable.) (b) Description of the standard--(1) Performance tests. The standard describes two performance tests to determine if the means chosen by the manufacturer to protect against the shock hazard will provide adequate protection. (i) First, there is an Insulating Material Effectiveness Test (Sec. 1204.4(d) of this subpart) in which a high voltage electrode or test rod is brought into contact with the antenna at any point within the protection zone established by Sec. 1204.2(k) of this subpart to ensure that the insulation can withstand the voltage for 5 minutes without transmitting more than 5 milliamperes (mA) root-mean-square (rms) of electric current. (ii) The other test is an Antenna-Mast System Test (Sec. 1204.4(e) of this subpart) which is intended to determine whether the means provided to protect against electrocution will withstand the stress imposed when an antenna-mast system falls onto a power line. This test consists of mounting the antenna to be tested on a specified mast and allowing the assembled antenna and mast to fall onto a power line of 14,500 volts rms phase to ground. (2) Recommended materials. (i) Since a substantial portion of the accidents addressed by this standard occur when the antenna is being taken down after it has been installed in an outdoor environment for a number of years, the materials selected to provide protection from shock should be weather resistant. (ii) Although other materials may also be suitable, materials meeting the following criteria should be reasonably weather resistant: (A) Material composition includes an ultraviolet stabilizer or screen. (B) Heat resistance of 212 [deg]F (100 [deg]C) without loss of elasticity (ANSI/ASTM D 746-79). [[Page 309]] (C) Moisture absorption of not more than 0.2 percent (ANSI/ASTM D 570-77). (D) For heat shrinkable sleeving, temperature flexibility to -40 [deg]F (-40 [deg]C) with no cracks (Mil Spec. MIL-I-23053C, 20 May 1976). (3) Warning: Section 1204.5 of this subpart requires a statement in the instructions that the standard will not protect in every instance against electrocution caused by contact with power lines. This is because the standard is intended to provide protection for power line voltages of up to 14,500 volts. Some power lines carry more voltage than this. In addition, not all portions of the antenna are required to be insulated, and the antenna's mast is not required to be insulated. If the power line were to contact one of these uninsulated areas, an electrocution could occur. Furthermore, when the antenna was manufactured it may not in fact have complied with the standard, or the insulation may have deteriorated or been damaged since the antenna was manufactured. In addition, the insulation cannot withstand high voltages indefinitely, and, after a period of time, the current may penetrate the insulation. Therefore, even if a harmful amount of current is not transmitted immediately, the user should not attempt to remove an antenna that falls into electric power lines, since the insulation could break down while the antenna is being removed. For these reasons, persons handling these antennas should ensure that the antennas are kept away from power lines so that the antenna cannot contact the line while being transported, installed, or removed, even if the antenna is dropped. The Commission recommends that antennas be located at least twice the combined length of the antenna and mast from the nearest power line. (c) Scope. (1) Except as noted below, the standard applies to all omnidirectional CB base station antennas that are consumer products and are manufactured or imported on or after May 24, 1983. (2) The Commission may extend the effective date of the standard for as long as an additional 90 days for any firm which has 750 employees or fewer and, is not a subsidiary or division of a firm having more than 750 employees, and which manufactures or imports products subject to the standard, upon written application, addressed to the Associate Executive Director for Compliance and Administrative litigation, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, D.C. 20207, received not later than January 17, 1983. An application for extension of the effective date shall: (i) Identify the requesting firm as a manufacturer or importer of products subject to the standard. (ii) State the total number of employees of the firm, including all employees of any subsidiary or division, and all employees of any firm of which the requesting firm is a subsidiary or division. (iii) Request extension of the effective date to a specific date not later than May 27, 1983. (iv) Explain why the requested extension of the effective date is needed. (v) Describe all activities undertaken by the requesting firm to achieve compliance with the requirements of the standard. (vi) State that the requesting firm will market complying products after the extended effective date. (3) The Associate Executive Director for Compliance and Administrative Litigation will evaluate each request for extension of the effective date. The following criteria will be used in determining whether to grant an application for extension of the effective date: (i) Does the application demonstrate that the requesting firm cannot meet the general effective date, (ii) Does the application demonstrate that the requesting firm has made a good faith effort to achieve compliance with the requirements of the standard by the general effective date. (iii) Does the application demonstrate that the firm is likely to produce or market complying products if the requested extension is granted. (4) The Associate Executive Director will advise each requesting firm in writing if the requested extension is granted or denied. If the Associate Executive Director for Compliance and Administrative Litigation denies a request for extension of the effective [[Page 310]] date, the firm may request the Commission to reconsider the denial. (5) Section 3(a)(1) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2052(a)(1) defines the term consumer product as an ``article, or component part thereof, produced or distributed (i) for sale to a consumer for use in or around a permanent or temporary household or residence, a school, in recreation, or otherwise, or (ii) for the personal use, consumption or enjoyment of a consumer in or around a permanent or temporary household or residence, a school, in recreation, or otherwise.'' The term does not include products that are not customarily produced or distributed for sale to, or for the use or consumption by, or enjoyment of, a consumer. A limited exception from coverage of the standard is provided by section 18(a) of the CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2067, for certain products intended for export and meeting the requirements of section 18(b) of the CPSA. (d) Prohibited acts. It is unlawful to manufacture for sale, offer for sale, distribute in commerce, or import into the United States any product subject to this standard that does not conform with the standard. (Sec. 9(h), Pub. L. 92-573, 86 Stat. 1207, as amended, Pub. L. 95-319, 92 Stat. 386, Pub. L. 95-631, 92 Stat. 3742, Pub. L. 96-373, 94 Stat. 1366, Pub. L. 97-35, 95 Stat. 703, 15 U.S.C. 2058(h)) [47 FR 36201, Aug. 19, 1982, as amended at 48 FR 29683, June 28, 1983] Sec. 1204.2 Definitions. In addition to the definitions given in section 3 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2052), the following definitions apply for the purposes of this standard. (a) Antenna system means a device for radiating and/or receiving radio waves. Where they are present, the antenna system includes active elements, ground plane elements, matching networks, element-connecting hardware, mounting hardware, feed cable, and other functional or non- functional elements. (b) Antenna-mast system means the completed assembly of the antenna system and the mast. (c) Base station means a transmitter and/or receiver in a fixed location. (d) Citizens Band (CB) means the frequency band allocated for citizen's band radio service. (e) Current means the total rate at which electrical charge is transported through the antenna-mast system in response to the applied test voltage, including both capacitive and resistive components. (f) Electrical breakdown means a failure of the insulating material used with the antenna, such that in the Antenna-Mast System Test of Sec. 1204.4(e) of this subpart, the current flowing through the antenna-mast system is sufficient to actuate the automatic internal cut- off of the high voltage source or exceeds the current that can be measured by the current monitoring device. (g) Feed cable means the electrical cable that connects the antenna system to the transmitter and/or receiver. (h) Field joint means any joint between antenna system sections or parts, or between the antenna system and the mast, that is not assembled by the antenna manufacturer. (i) Insulating material and insulation mean a material that has a very small electric conductivity. (j) Omnidirectional antenna means an antenna system designed or intended primarily to exhibit approximately equal signal transmission or reception capabilities in all horizontal directions simultaneously. (k) Protection zone means that portion of an antenna system which can contact the test rod during the Insulating Material Effectiveness Test or can contact the power line during the Antenna-Mast System Test. This zone consists of those elements of the antenna system extending from the uppermost tip of an upright antenna downward to a point that is 12.0 inches (30.5 cm) above the top of the mast when the antenna system is mounted according to the manufacturer's instructions. (l) Voltage, phase to ground, means that voltage which exists between a single phase of a three phase power system and ground. [[Page 311]] Sec. 1204.3 Requirements. All omnidirectional CB base station antennas are required to comply with the following requirements. (a) Field joints. Parts or accessories intended to protect a field joint so that it will meet any other requirement of this standard, and that must be put into place by the person assembling the antenna system, shall be integral with, or not readily removable from, at least one of the antenna sections or parts involved in the joint or shall be necessary in order to complete the joint. (b) Feed cable. When compliance with the requirements of this standard depends on the insulating or other properties of the feed cable, at least 50 feet of the cable shall be supplied by the manufacturer with the antenna system. (c) Electrical protection. Antenna systems shall be manufactured so that if all points within the protection zone of an antenna system were tested by the Insulating Material Effectiveness Test of Sec. 1204.4(d) of this subpart, and the Antenna-Mast System Test of Sec. 1204.4(e) of this subpart, the current measured by the current monitoring device connected to the mast would be no greater than 5.0 milliamperes rms and no electrical breakdown of the antenna system's insulating material would occur. Sec. 1204.4 Electric shock protection tests. (a) Safety precautions. For tests involving high voltage, the following recommended minimum safety precautions should be followed: (1) At least one test operator and one test observer (preferably one with cardiopulmonary resusitation (CPR) training) should be present at every test. (2) The test area (outdoors or indoors) should secure against accidental intrusion by other persons during tests. (3) Test areas located indoors should be ventilated to avoid buildup of potentially hazardous concentrations of gaseous byproducts which may result from the tests. (4) Fire extinguishers should be easily accessible in case materials on the test specimen ignite. (5) ``High Voltage Test'' warning devices should be activated before start of a test. (6) Emergency phone numbers should be posted. (b) Test conditions--(1) Specimens. All specimens shall be tested as supplied by the manufacturer, following assembly in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions except as provided in paragraph (e)(2) of this section. (2) Temperature. Ambient temperature shall be in the range from 32 [deg]F (0 [deg]C) to 104 [deg]F (40 [deg]C) (3) Relative humidity. Ambient relative humidity shall be in the range of from 10 to 90 percent. (4) Voltage. Voltage, phase to ground, of the power line or test probe shall be 14.5 kilovolts rms, 60 hertz. (5) Conditioning. Prior to testing, all specimens shall be exposed for at least 4 hours to the ambient test area environment. (c) Test equipment. (1) High voltage source capable of delivering at least 15 mA rms at 14.5 kV rms, 60 Hz. The source should have an automatic internal cut-off actuated by a preset current level. (2) Instrumentation to measure the rms voltage applied to the antenna system. (3) Current monitoring device to indicate hazardous components of the total rms current flowing to ground through the mast. One configuration of the circuitry for the current monitoring device (shown in Figure 1) consists of three parallel branches as follows. One branch consists of a resistor in series with a true-rms milliammeter with a maximum error of 5% of the reading in the frequency range of 50Hz to 10MHz (the total of the resistor and the internal resistance of the milliammeter is to be 1000 ohms). A parallel branch consists of a 1000 ohm resistor in series with a 0.08 microfarad capacitor. Another parallel branch should consist of a spark gap rated at 50 to 100 volts as a meter protection device. A different current monitoring device may be used if the measured value of the rms current corresponds to that indicated by the configuration described above. (4) For the Insulating Material Effectiveness Test: [[Page 312]] (i) High voltage electrode or test rod consisting of \1/4\ in. (6.4 mm) diameter aluminum rod. (ii) Support jig, structure, or hanger made of insulating material which is capable of holding antenna system test specimens electrically isolated from all surrounding structures or ground. (5) For the Antenna-Mast System Test, a high voltage test facility, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, which includes a single power line spanning between two poles 95 to 105 feet (29 to 32 meters) apart, a tensioning device to adjust the cable sag to from 9 to 12 inches (23 to 30 cm), and a pivot fixture (Figure 2), for holding the base of an antenna-mast system, which can be moved horizontally to adjust the distance to the cable. The cable consists of \1/4\ in. diameter 7 by 19 galvanized steel aircraft cable. The low point of the cable shall be between 28 and 29 feet (8.5 to 8.8 meters) above a horizontal plane through the pivot axis of the pivot fixture. (d) Insulating Material Effectiveness Test procedure. (1) A short piece of typical tubular mast shall be attached to the antenna system to be tested, in accordance with mounting instructions provided with the antenna system by the manufacturer. (2) If a feed cable is provided with the antenna system, it shall be used in the test. If no cable is provided with the antenna system, a RG- 213 cable shall be used in the test (Mil Spec. MIL-C-17/75C, 15 March 1977). In either case, the cable shall be connected to the antenna system, installed parallel to the mast, and secured by taping or similar means at one point on the mast. The side of the bottom end of the cable also shall be secured to the mast. (3) With the antenna system properly supported and isolated from ground and with the current monitoring device connected to the mast, the test rod shall be connected to the high voltage source and brought into contact with the antenna system at any point within the protection zone (see Sec. 1204.2(k) of this subpart). For each contact point, the voltage shall be increased from 0 to 14.5 kV at a rate of at least 2 kV per second and held at 14.5 kV for 5.0 minutes. Current shall be monitored and the maximum recorded. (e) Antenna-Mast System Test procedure. (1) The antenna system to be tested shall be attached to a mast in accordance with mounting instructions provided by the manufacturer. The mast shall be assembled of commercially available 1\1/4\ inch outside diameter 16 gauge tubular steel sections, commonly sold for antenna-mast installations in 5 and 10 feet lengths. The slip joints between the mast sections shall be secured (as with screws) to prohibit rotational or longitudinal movement at the joint. The length of the mast shall be such that when it is mounted in the pivot fixture of the high voltage test facility, the distance from the pivot to the uppermost point on the antenna system is 41.75 to 42.25 feet (12.7 to 12.9 meters). (2) If a feed cable is provided with the antenna system, it shall be used in the test. If no cable is provided with the antenna system, a RG- 213 feed cable shall be used in the test for specification of an RG-213 cable see (Mil. Spec. MIL-C-17/75C, 15 March 1977). In either case, the cable shall be connected to the antenna system, installed parallel to the mast, and secured by taping or similar means every two feet along the length of the mast. The side of the bottom end of the cable also shall be secured to the mast. (3) The antenna-mast system shall be mounted in the pivot fixture. The pivot fixture shall be adjusted so that the point of impact between the antenna and the power line takes place at any desired point within the antenna's protection zone. The antenna-mast system shall then be erected to a position of up to 5[deg] from the vertical, leaning toward the simulated power line (see Figure 4). The antenna-mast system shall then be released and allowed to fall against the power line. The test may be performed with different test positions such that the antenna system flexes after impact and slides off the power line and or so that it remains in contact with the power line for 5.0 minutes. Current flow from the antenna-mast system to ground shall be monitored and recorded for each test. (f) Interpretation of Results. An antenna shall pass the Insulating Material Effectiveness Test or the Antenna-Mast System Test if no electrical [[Page 313]] breakdown occurs and if no current reading exceeds 5 mA rms. Sec. 1204.5 Manufacturer's instructions. (a) For all antennas covered under this part 1204, the following statement shall be included in the manufacturer's instructions, in addition to the material required by 16 CFR 1402.4(a)(1)(ii): Under some conditions, this antenna may not prevent electrocution. Users should keep antenna away from any overhead wires. If antenna contacts a power line, any initial protection could fail at any time. IF ANTENNA NEARS ANY OVERHEAD WIRES, IMMEDIATELY LET GO, STAY AWAY, AND CALL UTILITY COMPANY. (b) This warning statement shall be in a separate paragraph immediately following the warning statement required by 16 CFR 1402.4(a)(1)(ii)(A). (c) This warning statement shall be legible and conspicuous and shall be in type that is at least as large as the largest type used on the remainder of the page, with the exception of the logo and any identification of the manufacturer, brand, model, or similar designations, and that is preferably no smaller than 10 point type. Sec. 1204.6 Findings. As required by section 9 (b) and (c) of the Consumer Product Safety Act, 15 U.S.C. 2058 (b) and (c), the Commission makes the following findings: (a) The degree and nature of the risk of injury the rule is designed to reduce. (1) The rule addresses the risk of injury or death caused by electric shock occuring when the antenna comes into contact with electrical power lines while the antenna is being put up or taken down. (2) About 175 fatalities were estimated to be associated with omnidirectional CB antennas in 1976. The estimated number of fatalities declined to about 125 in 1977 and to about 55 in 1978. Since then, the number of fatalities appears to have leveled off at about 45-50 each year. In addition to the 45-50 deaths, it is estimated that a somewhat greater number of injuries occur annually and that about half of them are serious enough to require surgery, amputation, skin grafts, etc. It is common for multiple deaths or injuries to occur in a single accident. (3) The Commission's staff has estimated that since 1979 about 20 percent of the accidents involved antennas less than a year old, resulting in about 8 deaths in 1980. (4) Since a substantial portion of the accidents associated with these antennas occur when the antenna is being taken down after it has been installed in an outdoor environment for a number of years, the standard recommends that materials selected to provide protection from shock be weather resistant. (5) The standard specifies that protection shall be provided against voltages of 14,500 volts phase-to-ground. Voltages of this level or less are involved in 98 percent of the accidents and 95 percent of the total circuit mileage of distribution circuits. (b) The approximate number of consumer products, or types or classes thereof, subject to the rule. (1) The standard applies to omnidirectional CB base station antennas. The Commission estimates that there were approximately 5 million omnidirectional base station antennas in use in 1981, and at that time as many as 75,000 of these antennas were expected to be sold each year for the next several years. (2) [Reserved] (c)(1) The need of the public for the consumer products subject to the rule. Omnidirectional CB base station antennas are used in non- mobile applications to obtain essentially uniform receiving and transmitting capabilities in all directions simultaneously. Although directional antennas can obtain greater reception and transmitting capabilities in one or more directions than can omnidirectionals, directionals are generally more expensive and must be oriented so that they point in the desired direction. Therefore, omnidirectional antennas are preferred by many base station operators, and they can also be used in conjunction with a directional antenna to locate another station to which the directional antenna can then be oriented. (2) CB stations are used by individuals as a communications device for both practical and personal enjoyment purposes. Some operators volunteer to monitor the commonly used and/or emergency channels for distress calls [[Page 314]] and summon aid where appropriate, relay messages, and aid local authorities and motorists in monitoring traffic conditions and accidents. (3) Although operators can fabricate their own antennas, and antennas made for other purposes can be adapted for CB use, for most operators there is no adequate substitute for the commercial CB base station antennas subject to this rule. (d) The probable effect of the rule upon the utility, cost, and availability of the product--(1) Utility. Tests performed for the Commission have shown that an external layer of insulation that will enable the antenna to comply with this standard can be provided that will have no significant effect on the performance of the antenna that cannot be compensated for by minor changes in the antenna. It is also likely that an insulated antenna's useful life would be somewhat longer than that of an uninsulated antenna. To the extent that manufacturers minimize the number of antenna elements in the protection zone, antennas should become less complex and bulky, and installation may also be eased. This may tend to make installation and removal of the antenna somewhat safer as well. If the isolation technique were used to comply with the standard, there should be no effect on the performance of the antenna. (2) Cost. For the simpler designs of omnidirectional CB base station antennas, the manufacturers' production costs will be increased by approximately 20 percent, or $4 per antenna. For a few models, the production cost increase could be as much as 50 percent. Some models of antennas for which cost increases could be expected to be substantially greater will likely be discontinued. Some manufacturers already make antennas that either comply with the standard or can be made to do so with changes that involve no significant cost increases. The average rise in retail prices due to the standard is expected to be from 20 percent, or about $10 per antenna. (3) Availability. The 30 or more different models of omnidirectional CB base station antennas available to consumers in 1981 are expected to be reduced in number substantially, perhaps by as much as half, after product line changes are made to meet the standard. The difference among some of the models likely to be discontinued are small (often relating only to primarily cosmetic features that provide a certain degree of product differentiation but do not significantly affect performance). Changes in product lines may be discernible to some consumers, however, since different brands and models of antennas will tend to look more alike (i.e., without upper radials, ``hats'' or other physical appendages previously incorporated). The availability of replacement components for older antennas may also be restricted somewhat if new, complying components are not compatible with some older models. Production of complying antennas is expected to be sufficient to satisfy demand; no overall ``shortage'' of antennas is anticipated as a result of the standard. Sales will, instead, shift from relatively low levels for each of many models to relatively higher levels for fewer models. (e) Means of achieving the objective of the order while minimizing adverse effects on competition or disruption or dislocation of manufacturing and other commercial practices consistent with the public health and safety. (1) The standard may have significant adverse effects on competition among antenna producers. The additional costs associated with the standard, coupled with the recent history of decreasing sales, may cause a number of manufacturers, including one or two of the major producers, to abandon production of omnidirectional CB base station antennas. The standard is likely to impact most heavily on smaller manufacturers, which may have smaller and fewer capital sources from which to draw funds for product design and production changes and for product testing. (2) Concentration of sales among the two largest manufacturers will probably increase as a result of the standard. However, the shrinking size of the market itself may prompt some major firms to drop this product line. Companies currently making antennas that substantially comply with the standard will probably gain a significant short-run competitive advantage over other [[Page 315]] producers whose products do not already comply with the standard's basic provisions. (3) Compliance with the standard may be relatively more burdensome for the smaller firms in the producing industry. Several small firms which entered the market in the early- and mid-1970's have already left the market due to the overall decrease in demand for the product. Those that remain account for less than 10 percent of annual unit shipments. None of these small firms is expected to go out of business as a result of issuance of the standard because most also produce directional CB and other base and mobile communications antennas and equipment. However, the Commission anticipates that most of these small firms will probably discontinue omnidirectional CB base station antenna production, at least temporarily, until a supplier of complying components is found, or until a decision can be made about long-term prospects. (4) In order to minimize the adverse effects on competition and manufacturing and other commercial practices, the standard is a performance standard defined in terms of the factors the Commission determined to be significant for the protection of consumers. Thus, manufacturers have a maximum degree of flexibility in how to meet the standard, since the standard does not specify how the protection performance is to be obtained. (5) The Commission also considered alternative technical approaches to reducing or eliminating unreasonable risks of injury associated with omnidirectional CB base station antennas, including incorporation of provisions in the standard which would allow the antenna to meet its requirements by grounding. The Commission rejected this approach because of the absence of any practical means for a consumer to ensure that the ground system will be adequate to dissipate the large amounts of power involved in a powerline contact accident. Additionally, the Commission considered the possibility that the standard might require CB base station antennas to incorporate a device to sense the electromagnetic field of a powerline. The Commission rejected this alternative because of the cost involved in such an approach, and because consumers could install an antenna even though the presence of a powerline is indicated. (6) The Commission considered making the provisions of the standard less stringent and eliminating requirements applicable to the antenna's feed cable, in order to lessen the adverse impact of the standard on competition and manufacturing practices. However, it was determined that such changes to the standard would reduce the effectiveness of the standard and thus were not consistent with the public health and safety. Furthermore, these changes would not significantly reduce the adverse effects on competition and manufacturing practices. The elimination of requirements applicable to the feed cable would, with known technology, result in almost completely negating the benefits of the standard and is thus not consistent with the public health and safety. (7) The Commission also considered the possibility of issuing the requirements of the standard as a voluntary test method rather than as a mandatory standard. The Commission estimated that if the provisions of the standard were issued as a voluntary test method, the total cost of such a voluntary test method to consumers during the first year after issuance would be about 30 percent of the total cost to consumers expected to result from promulgation of a mandatory standard. However, the Commission estimated that a voluntary test method would prevent only about 25 percent of the deaths and injuries which may be avoided by issuance of a mandatory standard. The Commission declined to issue the provisions of the standard as a voluntary test method because it concluded that such an approach would not only prevent fewer deaths and injuries each year than a mandatory standard, but would also have a less favorable ratio of benefits to costs than a mandatory standard. (8) The Commission also considered the possibility of undertaking a joint effort with a trade association to inform all users of CB antennas of the dangers which can result from contact with overhead powerlines as an alternative to issuance of a mandatory [[Page 316]] standard. The Commission observed that this alternative would have a relatively small economic impact on the industry. The Commission also observed that extensive efforts to promote public awareness of the dangers of contacting overhead powerlines have been conducted in the past by the Commission, antenna manufacturers, and utility companies, and that electrocutions and serious injuries continue to occur during installation and removal of CB base station antennas. For this reason, the Commission concluded that a public information campaign would prevent fewer deaths and injuries than issuance of a mandatory standard, and rejected such a campaign as an alternative to issuance of the standard. (f) The rule, including its effective date, is reasonably necessary to eliminate or reduce an unreasonable risk of injury associated with the product. (1) The provisions of the standard constitute a related system of performance parameters which are needed as a group to ensure that the performance of new antennas will provide the degree of safety which the Commission has determined is reasonably necessary. Minor changes in the value of each parameter would not significantly reduce the costs of the standard, although in some cases they could substantially reduce the standard's effectiveness. (2) The Commission estimates that increased retail prices due to the standard will cost consumers up to about $750,000 per year. The Commission also estimates that the standard will prevent approximately 8 deaths and 8 or more injuries during the first year the standard is in effect. Thus, if the standard saves 8 lives per year, the cost of the standard will be about $94,000 for each life saved. \1\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ The Commission believes that, in the area of consumer product safety, it is not generally necessary or appropriate to assign a specific monetary value to human life. However, several studies on the costs of injuries and deaths have been conducted in recent years. Value- of-life estimates based on discounted future earnings and the willingness-to-pay approach range from about $200,000 to about $3 million. The estimated costs of the CB antenna standard per life saved fall below or within the range suggested by these value-of-life estimating methodologies. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (3) As to the benefits from reduced injuries, the Commission estimates that, if 8 injuries are prevented during the first year the standard is in effect, the actual costs saved by the accidents prevented by the standard will amount to up to $21,000 to $37,000, exclusive of pain, suffering, or disability. If a monetary factor for these less quantifiable components is included, annual injury reduction benefits could be about $288,000 to $1,680,000. (4) The effective date of the standard was selected after balancing the increased costs to manufacturers and consumers that are associated with shorter effective dates against the benefits to the public that would be caused by having the effective date as soon as possible. (5) The requirement for the cautionary statement in the instructions for the antenna is intended to ensure the effectiveness of the standard by discouraging any relaxation of present safety practices involving staying away from powerlines. Since instructions for this product are already required by 16 CFR part 1402, the additional statement should have little or no adverse economic impact. (6) After considering the costs and benefits associated with the standard, the Commission concludes that the standard, including its effective date, is reasonably necessary to eliminate or reduce an unreasonable risk of electric shock injury associated with omnidirectional CB base station antennas and that promulgation of the rule is in the public interest. Subpart B_Certification Sec. 1204.11 General. Section 14(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (``the act''), 15 U.S.C. 2063(a), requires each manufacturer, private labeler, or importer of a product which is subject to a Consumer Product Safety Standard and which is distributed in commerce to issue a certificate of compliance with the applicable standard and to base that certificate upon a test of each item or upon [[Page 317]] a reasonable testing program. The purpose of this subpart B of part 1204 is to establish requirements that manufacturers and importers must follow to certify that their products comply with the Safety Standard for Omnidirectional CB base Station Antennas (16 CFR part 1204, subpart A). Private labelers of CB antennas subject to the standard need not issue a certificate of compliance if they have been furnished a certificate issued by the manufacturer or importer of the antennas. This subpart B describes the minimum features of a reasonable testing program and includes requirements for recordkeeping. Sec. 1204.12 Definitions. In addition to the definitions set forth in section 3 of the act, and in Sec. 1204.2 of the standard, the following definitions shall apply to this subpart B of part 1204: (a) Private labeler means an owner of a brand or trademark which is used on the label of a CB antenna subject to the standard, which bears a private label as defined in section 3(a)(7) of the act, 15 U.S.C. 2052(a)(7). (b) Production interval means a period of time determined by the manufacturer or importer that is appropriate for conducting a test on one or more samples of the CB antennas produced during that period in order to provide a high degree of assurance that all of the products manufactured during that period meet the requirements of the standard. An appropriate production interval may vary depending on the construction of the antenna, the likelihood of variations in the production process, and the severity of the test that is used. The time period for a production interval shall be short enough to provide a high degree of assurance that if the samples selected for testing pass the test, all other CB antennas produced during the period will meet the standard. Sec. 1204.13 Certificate of compliance. (a) The manufacturer or importer of any product subject to the standard must issue the certificate of compliance required by section 14(a) of the act. If the testing required by this subpart B of part 1204 has been performed by or for the foreign manufacturer of a product, the importer may rely on such tests to support the certificate of compliance if the importer is a resident of the United States or has a resident agent in the U.S., and the records are maintained in the U.S. The importer is responsible for ensuring that the foreign manufacturer's records show that all testing used to support the certificate of compliance has been performed properly with passing or acceptable results and that the records provide a reasonable assurance that all antennas imported comply with the standard. (b) A certificate of compliance must accompany each product or otherwise be furnished to any distributor or retailer to whom the product is delivered by the manufacturer or importer. (c) The certificate shall state: (1) That the product ``complies with all applicable consumer product safety standards (16 CFR part 1204)'', (2) The name and address of the manufacturer or importer issuing the certificate, and (3) The date of manufacture and, if different from the address in paragraph (c)(2) of this section, the place of manufacture. Sec. 1204.14 Certification tests. (a) General. As explained in Sec. 1204.11 of this subpart, certificates of compliance required by section 14(a) of the act must be based on either a test of each item or on a reasonable testing program. (b) Tests of each item. If the certificate is based on tests of each item, the tests may be either those prescribed by the standard or any other test procedure that will determine that the item tested will comply with the standard. (c) Reasonable testing programs--(1) Requirements. (i) A reasonable testing program for a particular model of CB antennas is one which demonstrates with a high degree of assurance that all the antennas of that model will meet all requirements of the standard. Manufacturers and importers shall determine the types and frequency of testing for their own reasonable testing programs. A reasonable testing program which does not test each item produced should be sufficiently stringent that any variations in production, [[Page 318]] etc., over the production interval would not cause any antenna to fail if tested according to the requirements of the standard. (ii) All reasonable testing programs shall include qualification tests, which must be performed on one or more samples of the CB antennas representative of each model produced, or to be produced, to demonstrate that the product is capable of passing the tests prescribed by the standard and shall also include production tests, which must be performed during appropriate production intervals as long as the product is being manufactured. (iii) Corrective action and/or additional testing must be performed whenever certification tests of samples of the product give results that do not provide a high degree of assurance that all antennas manufactured during the applicable production interval will pass the tests of the standard. (2) Testing by third parties. At the option of the manufacturer or importer, some or all of the testing of each item or of the reasonable testing program may be performed by a commercial testing laboratory or other third party. However, the manufacturer or importer is responsible for ensuring that all certification testing has been properly performed with passing or acceptable results and for maintaining all records of such tests in accordance with Sec. 1204.17 of this subpart. Sec. 1204.15 Qualification testing. (a) Testing. Before any manufacturer or importer of CB antennas which are subject to the standard distributes them in commerce, one or more samples of each model shall be tested to determine that all such antennas manufactured after the effective date of the standard will comply with the standard. The type of tests and the manner of selecting samples shall be determined by the manufacturer or importer to provide a reasonable assurance that all antennas subject to the standard will comply with the standard. Any or all of the qualification testing required by this paragraph may be performed before the effective date of the standard. (b) Product modifications. If any changes are made to a product, after initial qualification testing, that could affect the ability of the product to meet the requirements of the standard, additional qualification tests must be made before the changed antennas are manufactured for sale or distributed in commerce. Sec. 1204.16 Production testing. (a) General. Manufacturers and importers shall test antennas subject to the standard periodically as they are manufactured, to demonstrate that the antennas meet the requirements of the standard. (b) Types and frequency of testing. Manufacturers and importers shall determine the types of tests for production testing. Each production test shall be conducted at a production interval short enough to provide a high degree of assurance that, if the samples selected for testing pass the production tests, all other antennas produced during the interval will meet the standard. (c) Test failure--(1) Sale of antennas. If any test yields results which do not indicate that all antennas manufactured during the production interval will meet the standard, production must cease and the faulty manufacturing process or design must be corrected. In addition, products manufactured before the appropriate corrective action is taken may not be distributed in commerce unless they meet the standard. It may be necessary to modify the antennas or perform additional tests to ensure that only complying antennas are distributed in commerce. Antennas which are subject to the standard but do not comply with the requirements of the standard cannot be offered for sale, distributed in commerce, or imported in the United States. (2) Corrective actions. When any production test fails to provide a high degree of assurance that all antennas comply with the standard, corrective action must be taken. Corrective action may include changes in the manufacturing and/or assembly process, equipment adjustment, repair or replacement, or other action deemed appropriate by the manufacturer or importer to achieve passing production test results. [[Page 319]] Sec. 1204.17 Records. Each manufacturer or importer of CB antennas subject to the standard shall maintain the following records, which shall be maintained for 3 years after the creation of the records and shall be available to any designated officer or employee of the Commission in accordance with section 16(b) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2065(b)): (a) Records of the qualification and production testing required by this subpart B, including a description of the types of tests conducted, the dates and results of the tests, and the production interval selected for the performance of the production testing. (b) Records of all corrective actions taken, including the specific actions taken to improve the design or manufacture and to correct any noncomplying antenna produced during the period, the date the action was taken, and the test failure which necessitated the action. (Information collection requirements contained in paragraph (a) were approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 3041-0006) [[Page 320]] Sec. Figures 1 and 2 to Part 1204--Suggested Instrumentation for Current Monitoring Device and High Voltage Facility [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.008 [[Page 321]] Sec. Figures 3 and 4 to Part 1204--High Voltage Test Facility and Antenna System Test Setup [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.009 [47 FR 36201, Aug. 19, 1982; 48 FR 57125, Dec. 28, 1983] [[Page 322]] PART 1205_SAFETY STANDARD FOR WALK-BEHIND POWER LAWN MOWERS--Table of Contents Subpart A_The Standard Sec. 1205.1 Scope of the standard. 1205.2 Effective date. 1205.3 Definitions. 1205.4 Walk-behind rotary power mower protective shields. 1205.5 Walk-behind rotary power mower controls. 1205.6 Warning labels for reel-type and rotary power mowers. 1205.7 Prohibited stockpiling. 1205.8 Findings. Subpart B_Certification 1205.30 Purpose, scope, and application. 1205.31 Effective date. 1205.32 Definitions. 1205.33 Certification testing. 1205.34 Recordkeeping requirements. 1205.35 Product certification and labeling by manufacturers. 1205.36 Product certification and labeling by importers. Authority: Secs. 2, 3, 7, 9, 14, 19, Pub. L. 92-573, 86 Stat. 1207, 1208, 1212-1217, 1220, 1224; 15 U.S.C. 2051, 2052, 2056, 2058, 2063, 2068; sec. 1212, Pub. L. 97-35, 95 Stat. 357. Source: 44 FR 10024, Feb. 15, 1979, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_The Standard Sec. 1205.1 Scope of the standard. (a) General. This subpart A of part 1205 is a consumer product safety standard which prescribes safety requirements for certain walk- behind power lawn mowers, including labeling and performance requirements. The performance requirements of the standard apply to rotary mowers. The labeling requirements apply to both rotary and reel- type mowers. The standard is intended to reduce the risk of injury to consumers caused by contact, primarily of the foot and hand, with the rotating blade of the mower. A detailed discussion of the risk of injury and of the anticipated costs, benefits, and other factors associated with the standard is contained in Sec. 1205.8 Findings. (b) Scope. (1) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, all walk-behind rotary and reel-type power lawn mowers manufactured or imported on or after the effective date of the standard are subject to the requirements of this standard if they are ``consumer products''. ``Walk behind power lawn mower'' is defined as a grass cutting machine with a minimum cutting width of 12 in (305 mm) that employs an engine or motor as a power source. Section 3(a)(1) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (``CPSA''), 15 U.S.C. 2052(a)(1), defines the term consumer product as an ``article, or component part thereof, produced or distributed (i) for sale to a consumer for use in or around a permanent or temporary household or residence, a school, in recreation, or otherwise, or (ii) for the personal use, consumption or enjoyment of a consumer in or around a permanent or temporary household or residence, a school, in recreation, or otherwise.'' The term does not include products that are not customarily produced or distributed for sale to, or for the use or consumption by, or enjoyment of, a consumer. (2) It is unlawful to manufacture for sale, offer for sale, distribute in commerce, or import into the United States any product subject to this standard that is not in conformity with the standard. The Commission is not applying the standard to rental transactions or to the ultimate sale of used rental mowers by rental firms. (c) Exclusions--(1) General. Mowers that have all three of the following characteristics are not covered by the standard: (i) A cutting width of 30 in (762 mm) or greater, (ii) A weight of 200 lb (90.7 kg) or more, and (iii) For engine-powered mowers, an engine of 8 horsepower (6 kw) or more. (2) Reel-type mowers. Reel-type power lawn mowers need not meet the performance requirements of the standard but they must be labeled as required by Sec. 1205.6. Sec. 1205.2 Effective date. This standard applies to all rotary walk behind power lawn mowers manufactured after June 30, 1982, except Sec. 1205.6 Warning labels, applies to rotary and reel-type walk-behind power lawn [[Page 323]] mowers manufactured after December 31, 1979. [44 FR 10024, Feb. 15, 1979, as amended 45 FR 86417, Dec. 31, 1980] Sec. 1205.3 Definitions. (a) As used in this part 1205: (1) Blade means any rigid or semi-rigid device or means that is intended to cut grass during mowing operations and includes all blades of a multi-bladed mower. (2) Blade tip circle means the path described by the outermost point of the blade as it moves about its axis. (3) Crack means a visible external fissure in a solid body caused by tensile, compressive, or shear forces. (4) Cutting width means the blade tip circle diameter or, for a multi-bladed mower, the width, measured perpendicular to the forward direction, of a composite of all blade tip circles. (5) Deform means any visible alteration of shape or dimension of a body caused by stresses induced by external forces. (6) Engine means a power producing device which converts thermal energy from a fuel into mechanical energy. (7) Manual starting means starting the mower engine with power obtained from the physical efforts of the operator. (8) Maximum operating speed means the maximum revolutions per minute (rpm) obtainable by the engine or motor under the conditions of the particular test where the term is used. For an electrically powered mower, it is the speed attained when the mower is energized from a 60 Hz alternating current source that delivers a voltage no greater than 120 V and no less than 115 V at the power input to the mower, with the mower running. For a battery-powered mower, it is the speed attained after the battery has been fully charged in accordance with the mower manufacturer's instructions. (9) Motor means a power producing device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. (10) Normal starting means is the primary mechanism intended to be actuated by the operator to start a mower's engine or motor (e.g., the cord mechanism of a manual start engine, the switch of an electric motor, or a power start mechanism). (11) Operating control zone means the space enclosed by a cylinder with a radius of 15 in (381 mm) having a horizontal axis that is (1) perpendicular to the fore-aft centerline of the mower and (2) tangent to the rearmost part of the mower handle, extending 4 in (102 mm) beyond the outermost portion of each side of the handle (See Fig. 1). [[Page 324]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.010 (12) Power source means an engine or motor. (13) Reel-type mower means a lawn mower which cuts grass by rotating one or more helically formed blades about a horizontal axis to provide a shearing action with a stationary cutter bar or bed knife. (14) Rotary mower means a power lawn mower in which one or more cutting blades rotate in essentially a horizontal plane about at least one vertical axis. (15) Separate means to cause to have any apparent relative displacement induced by external forces. (16) Shield means a part or an assembly which restricts access to a hazardous area. For the purposes of this part 1205, the blade housing is considered a shield. (17) Stress means a force acting across a unit area in a solid material in resisting separation, compacting, or sliding that tends to be induced by external forces. (18) Top of the mower's handles means the uppermost portion(s) of the handle that would be gripped by an operator in the normal operating position. (19) Walk-behind power lawn mower means a grass cutting machine either pushed or self-propelled, with a minimum cutting width of 12 in (305 mm) that employs an engine or a motor as a power source and is normally controlled by an operator walking behind the mower. (b) Where applicable, the definitions in section 3 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2052) apply to this part 1205. [44 FR 10024, Feb. 15, 1979, as amended at 46 FR 54934, Nov. 5, 1981] Sec. 1205.4 Walk-behind rotary power mower protective shields. (a) General requirements. Walk-behind rotary power mowers shall meet the following requirements: (1) When the foot probe of Fig. 2 is inserted under any point within the areas [[Page 325]] to be probed during the foot probe test of paragraph (b)(1) of this section, the shields shall prevent the foot probe from entering the path of the blade or causing any part of the mower to enter the path of the blade. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.011 (2) Any shield located totally or partly within the areas to be probed, as defined in paragraph (b)(1)(ii) of this section, shall not permanently separate, crack, or deform when the shield is subjected to a 50 lb (222 N) static tensile force, uniformly distributed over not less than half the length of the [[Page 326]] shield. The force shall be applied for at least 10 seconds in the direction which produces the maximum stress on the shield. While being tested, a shield shall be attached to the mower in the manner in which it is intended to be used. (This requirement does not apply to the housing.) (3) During the obstruction test of paragraph (b)(2) of this section, shields shall not: (i) Stop the mower as a result of contact with the raised obstacle, (ii) Enter the path of the blade, or (iii) Cause more than one wheel at a time to be lifted from the fixture surface. (b) Shield tests--general--(1) Foot probe test. (i) The following test conditions shall be observed: (A) The test shall be performed on a smooth level surface. (B) Pneumatic tires, when present, shall be inflated to the cold pressures recommended by the mower manufacturer. (C) The mower housing shall be adjusted to its highest setting relative to the ground. (D) The blade shall be adjusted to its lowest position relative to the blade housing. (E) The mower shall be secured so that the mower may not move horizontally but is free to move vertically. (ii) Areas to be probed. (A)(1) The minimum area to be probed shall include an area both 60 degrees to the right and 60 degrees to the left of the rear of the fore-aft centerline of the cutting width. For single- blade mowers, these angles shall be measured from a point on this fore- aft centerline which is at the center of the blade tip circle (see Fig. 3). For multi-blade mowers, these angles shall be measured from a point on the fore-aft centerline of the cutting width which is one half of the cutting width forward of the rearmost point of the composite of all the blade tip circles (See Fig. 4). [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.012 [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.013 (2) For a mower with a swing-over handle, the areas to be probed shall be determined as in paragraph (b)(1)(ii)(A)(1) of this section from both possible rear positions. (See Fig. 5.) [[Page 327]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.014 (B) Where a 360 degree foot protective shield is required by Sec. 1205.5(a)(1)(iv)(B) or Sec. 1205.5(c), the entire periphery of the mower shall be probed (including any discharge chute comprising part of the periphery). (iii) Procedure. Within the areas specified in paragraph (b)(1)(ii), the foot probe of Fig. 2 shall be inserted under the bottom edge of the blade housing and shields. During each insertion, the ``sole'' of the probe shall be kept in contact with the supporting surface. Insertion shall stop when the mower housing lifts or the horizontal force used to insert the probe reaches 4 lb (17.8 N), whichever occurs first. As the foot probe is withdrawn after each insertion, the ``toe'' shall be pivoted upward around the ``heel'' as much as possible without lifing the mower. (2) Obstruction test. (i) The following test conditions shall be observed: (A) Pneumatic tires, when present, shall be inflated to the cold pressure recommended by the mower manufacturer. (B) The mower housing shall be at its highest setting relative to the ground. (ii) The test shall be performed on the fixture of Fig. 6, which consists of a level surface having (A) a 0.99 in (25 mm) deep depression with a 5.90 in (150 mm) radius of curvature and (B) a raised obstacle 0.60 in (15 mm) square, each extending the full width of the fixture. The depression shall be lined with a material having a surface equivalent to a 16- to 36-grit abrasive. The depression and the obstacle shall be located a sufficient distance apart so that the mower contacts only one at a time. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.015 [[Page 328]] (iii) The test fixture may be relieved, only to the extent necessary, to prevent interference with any blade retaining device. (iv) The mower shall be pushed forward and pulled rearward perpendicular to and across the depression and the raised obstacle on the fixture. The mower shall be pulled and pushed, without lifting, with a horizontal force sufficient to transit the obstruction fixture at a speed not to exceed 2.2 ft/sec (0.7 m/sec). (c) Movable shields--(1) General. Movable shields must meet the general shield requirements of paragraph (a) of this section. In addition, movable shields which are in any of the areas to be probed defined in paragraph (b)(1)(ii) of this section and which are intended to be movable for the purpose of attaching auxiliary equipment, when deflected to their extreme open position in the manner intended by the manufacturer and released, shall either: (i) Return automatically to a position that meets the requirements of subpart A of this part 1205 when the attached equipment is not present, or (ii) Prevent operation of the blade(s) unless the attached equipment is present or the movable shield is returned to a position that meets the requirements of subpart A of this part 1205. (2) Tests. (i) Automatic return of a movable shield shall be determined by manually deflecting the shield to its extreme open position, then releasing the shield and visually observing that it immediately returns to the closed position. (ii) Prevention of operation of the blade(s) shall be determined, first by manually deflecting the shield to its extreme open position, then, following the appropriate manufacturer's instructions, completing the procedures necessary to operate the blade. Observe, using any safe method, that the blade(s) has been prevented from operating. [44 FR 10024, Feb. 15, 1979, as amended at 45 FR 86417, 86418, Dec. 31, 1980; 46 FR 54934, Nov. 5, 1981; 48 FR 6328, Feb. 11, 1983] Sec. 1205.5 Walk-behind rotary power mower controls. (a) Blade control systems--(1) Requirements for blade control. A walk-behind rotary power mower shall have a blade control system that will perform the following functions: (i) Prevent the blade from operating unless the operator actuates the control. (ii) Require continuous contact with the control in order for the blade to continue to be driven. (iii) Cause the blade motion in the normal direction of travel to come to a complete stop within 3.0 seconds after release of the control. (iv) For a mower with an engine and with only manual starting controls, this blade control shall stop the blade without stopping the engine, unless: (A) The engine starting controls for the lawn mower are located within 24 inches from the top of the mower's handles, or (B) The mower has a protective foot shield which extends 360 degrees around the mower housing (see Sec. 1205.4 (b)(1)(ii)(B)). \1\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ Paragraphs (A) and (B) of Sec. 1205.5(a)(1)(iv), permitting mowers that stop the blade by stopping the engine but that do not have power restart, were added to the standard as directed by Sec. 1212 of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1981, Pub. L. 97-35, 95 Stat. 357. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (2) All walk-behind rotary power mowers shall have, in addition to any blade control required by paragraph (a)(1) of this section, another means which must be manually actuated before a stopped blade can be restarted. This additional means may be either a control which is separate from the control required by paragraph (a)(1) of this section, or may be incorporated into the control required by paragraph (a)(1) of this section as a double-action device requiring two distinct actions to restart the blade. (b) Blade stopping test--(1) General. Any test method that will determine the time between the release of the blade control and the complete stop of the blade motion in the normal direction of travel may be used. (2) Conditions. (i) The mower shall be operated at maximum operating speed [[Page 329]] for at least 6 minutes immediately prior to the test. (ii) The blade must be at maximum operating speed when the blade control is released. (c) Starting controls location. Walk-behind mowers with blades that begin operation when the power source starts shall have their normal starting means located within the operating control zone unless the requirements of paragraphs (a)(1)(iv) (A) or (B) of this section apply to the mowers. [44 FR 10024, Feb. 15, 1979, as amended at 46 FR 54934, Nov. 5, 1978] Sec. 1205.6 Warning label for reel-type and rotary power mowers. (a) General. Walk-behind power lawn mowers shall be labeled on the blade housing or, in the absence of a blade housing, on other blade shielding or on an adjacent supporting structure or assembly, with the warning label shown in Fig. 7. The label shall be at least 3.25 in (82.5 mm) high and 4 in (102 mm) wide, and the lettering and symbol shall retain the same size relation to each other and to the label as shown in Fig. 7. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.016 (b) Rotary mowers. Walk-behind rotary mowers shall have one label as shown in Fig. 7, on the blade housing. The label shall be located as close as possible to any discharge opening, or, if there is no discharge opening, in a position that is conspicuous to an operator in the normal operating position. (c) Reel-type mowers. Walk-behind power reel-type mowers shall have one label as shown in Fig. 7, located as close to the center of the cutting width of the blade as possible. However, in the absence of a suitable mounting surface near the center of the cutting width, the label shall be placed on the nearest suitable mounting surface to the center of the cutting width. [44 FR 10024, Feb. 15, 1979, as amended at 45 FR 86417, Dec. 31, 1980] Sec. 1205.7 Prohibited stockpiling. (a) Stockpiling. Stockpiling means manufacturing or importing a product [[Page 330]] which is the subject of a consumer product safety rule between the date of issuance of the rule and its effective date at a rate that is significantly greater than the rate at which such product was produced or imported during a base period prescribed by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (b) Prohibited acts. Stockpiling of power lawn mowers that do not comply with this subpart A of part 1205 at a rate that exceeds by 20% the rate at which the product was produced or imported during the base period described in paragraph (c) of this section is prohibited. (c) Base period. The base period for power lawn mowers is, at the option of each manufacturer or importer, any period of 365 consecutive days beginning on or after September 1, 1971, and ending on or before August 31, 1978. Sec. 1205.8 Findings. (a) General. In order to issue a rule such as part 1205, the Consumer Product Safety Act requires the Commission to consider and make appropriate findings with respect to a number of topics. These findings are discussed below. (b) The degree and nature of the risk of injury part 1205 is designed to eliminate or reduce. (1) The Commission estimates that there are approximately 77,000 injuries to consumers each year caused by contact with the blades of power lawn mowers. From 1977 data, the Commission estimates that each year there are approximately 7,300 finger amputations, 2,600 toe amputations, 2,400 avulsions (the tearing of flesh or a body part), 11,450 fractures, 51,400 lacerations, and 2,300 contusions. Among the lacerations and avulsions, 35,800 were to hands and fingers and 18,000 were to toes and feet. The estimated costs caused by these injuries are $253 million, not counting any monetary damages for pain and suffering. These injuries are caused when consumers accidentally contact the blade, either inadvertently while in the vicinity of the mower, or while intentionally performing some task which they erroneously believe will not bring their hand or foot into the path of the blade. (2) Part 1205 is expected to eliminate or reduce the severity of about 60,000 blade contact injuries per year, or 77% of all such injuries. The Commission estimates that if all mowers had been in compliance with the standard in 1977, about 6,800 finger amputations, 1,500 toe amputations, 11,000 fractures, 1,800 avulsions, 38,400 lacerations, and several hundred contusions would not have occurred. Of the lacerations and avulsions, 28,300 were finger injuries and 9,400 were toe injuries. (c) Consumer products subject to the rule. The products subject to this standard are walk-behind power mowers. Power mowers with rigid or semi-rigid rotary blades are subject to all the provisions of the standard while reel-type and rotary mowers are subject to the labeling requirements. Mowers that in combination have engines of 8 hp or greater, weigh 200 lb or more, and have a cutting width of 30 in or more are excluded from the standard. The Commission estimates that at least 98% of the total annual market (by unit volume) for walk-behind mowers will be affected by the standard, and the Commission estimates that in 1978 this market was 5.4 million units. (d) Need of the public for the products subject to the rule. The Commission finds that the public need for walk-behind power mowers, which provide a relatively quick and effective way to cut grass, is substantial. Riding mowers, lawn and garden tractors, hand reel mowers, trimmers and edgers, and sickle-bar mowers also provide grass-cutting services, but walk-behind power rotary mowers are by far the most commonly used devices for maintaining household lawns. There are no devices that can completely substitute for walk-behind power mowers as a group, since they have applications for which other products are not as suitable. Each type of walk-behind power mower has individual properties which meet public needs, although one type of walk-behind is often an acceptable substitute for another. The newly developed monofilament line mower is not included within the scope of the standard and could be a substitute for mowers using rigid or semi-rigid blades under some conditions. [[Page 331]] (e) Probable effect of the rule upon the utility of the product. (1) The Commission finds that the probable overall effect of the standard on the utility of mowers should be to increase their utility. In the first place, consumers are likely to experience an increased sense of security from having a safer mower. A study of brake-clutch mowers conducted by the Federal Supply Service (GSA) shows that almost all users appreciated the safety features on brake-clutch mowers. In addition, by releasing the blade control and stopping the blade, the operator can then travel over gravel or other surfaces without fear of thrown objects or of the blade striking objects that might damage the mower. Brake-clutch type mowers would also give an increase in utility by virtue of enabling the operator to use the clutch to prevent stalling when the mower bogs down in heavy grass. On the other hand, there may be some minor adverse effects on utility caused by some aspects of complying mowers. For example, in very heavy mowing conditions, there may be some difficulty in engaging the blade in a blade-clutch mower. (However, mowers that are currently on the market that are not equipped with a blade clutch may have difficulty in starting the engine in heavy grass.) Complying mowers may require slightly more time and a few additional actions to operate. Since complying mowers may have more electrical and mechanical parts than current mowers, they may weigh more and require more maintenance than current mowers. No significant increase in mowing time is expected if a brake-clutch device is used to comply with the standard since each engagement of the blade would require only a few seconds. The amount of additional time and expense required for maintenance, if any, will be dependent on the design solution used. Such disutilities are expected to be slight and to be more than balanced by the increased sense of security consumers are likely to experience from having a safer mower. (2) During the development of the rule, questions were raised about whether changes in the shields necessitated by the foot probe requirements would adversely affect utility by causing mowers to be hard to push in grass or to be unable to mow close to walls. At the time of issuance of this rule, mowers are available that will pass a 360[deg] foot probe and others are available that will pass rear and side foot probing without any significant loss of utility caused by shielding. Therefore, the Commission concludes that this requirement will not adversely affect the utility of mowers. Mowers with swing-over handles, however, may be more difficult to design in this regard, since 120[deg] at each end of the mower are subject to the foot probe requirement. However, since mowers meeting this requirement have already been built without apparent loss of utility, the Commission concludes that shielding can be designed so that there should be no loss of utility even for mowers with swing-over handles. (3) As required by section 9(b) of the CPSA, the Commission, in considering the issues involved in issuing a power lawn mower safety standard, has considered and taken into account the special needs of elderly and handicapped persons to determine the extent to which such persons may be adversely affected by the rule. The Commission has determined that there will be no significant adverse effect on such persons as a result of this part 1205. In the first place, the rule can affect only those persons who are physically capable of using a power lawn mower. None of the rule's provisions will make it more difficult to operate a mower that complies with the standard. On the contrary, complying mowers should be easier to use because the need for manually restarting the mower will be less and because, if the mower uses a brake-clutch to comply with the blade control requirement, use of the brake-clutch can reduce the tendency of the engine to stall in heavy grass. Although a person's ability to hold a device such as a blade control for a long period of time will decline with age, the force required to hold the blade control can be made low enough that it will not be a problem during the length of time that it takes for consumers to mow a lawn. (4) After considering the possible adverse effects on mowers that could be caused by the standard and balancing [[Page 332]] them against the increase in utility that is expected, the Commission concludes that, for a typical consumer, the increases in utility should more than offset any decreases. (f) Probable effect of the rule upon the cost of the product. The Commission estimates that the retail price impact of the standard will be about $35 for the average walk-behind mower. Based on an average useful mower-life of about 8 years, the additional annual cost to the purchaser is expected to average about $4.40. The probable effect of the standard will differ on the various types of mowers within its scope. Percentage increases in price will vary from about a 7 percent increase for power-restart self-propelled mowers to about a 30 percent increase for gasoline-powered manual start push mowers. The costs attributable to individual requirements of the standard are discussed in paragraph (i) of this section. (g) Probable effect of the rule upon the availability of the product. (1) The Commission finds that the standard is not expected to have a significant impact on the availability of walk-behind rotary mowers, since domestic production capacity appears to be sufficient to handle any increased demand for safety-related components or materials. Although adapting some types of power mowers to the standard may be more costly than others, the effects of the standard on the price or utility of a particular category of power mowers are not expected to cause radical shifts in demand among types of mowers. The Commission finds that all types of power mowers subject to the standard will be available, although some, such as house-current-powered mowers, may increase their market shares becauses they can be brought into compliance with the standard at a lesser cost. (2) Because some manufacturers may not revise their entire product line before the effective date of the standard, individual mower manufacturers may initially have less varied lines than at present, but there should be no decrease in the overall types and features of mowers available to consumers. (h) Alternative methods. (1) The Commission has considered other means of achieving the objective of the standard. For example, alternatives were considered such as hand probes, ``blade harmless'' tests, and blade control by engine kill but allowing manual restart. These alternatives have been rejected by the Commission as being either unfeasible or not as effective as the rule which is being issued. (2) Similarly, the Commission has found no alternative means of achieving the objective of the standard that it believes would have fewer adverse effects on competition or that would cause less disruption or dislocation of manufacturing and other commercial practices, consistent with the public health and safety. (i) Unreasonable risk of injury. (1) The determination of whether a consumer product safety rule is reasonably necessary to reduce an unreasonable risk of injury involves a balancing of the degree and nature of risk of injury addressed by the rule against the probable effect of the rule on the utility, cost, or availability of the product. The factors of utility and availability of the products, adverse effects on competition, and disruption or dislocation of manufacturing and other commercial practices have been discussed above. The following discussion concerns the relationship of anticipated injury reduction and costs for various requirements of the standard. (See the report, Economic Impact of Blade Contact Requirements for Power Mowers, January 1979, for a detailed analysis of the possible effects of discounting and inflation on the computation of the quantifiable benefits associated with this regulation.) (2) The foot probe and related requirements are expected to reduce the number of blade contact injuries to the foot by 13,000 each year. It is not possible to apportion this injury reduction among the respective requirements. The cost of these requirements is estimated to be about $4.00 per mower, mostly for redesign of the shields. The shield strength requirement is similar to a requirement in the existing voluntary standard that is almost universally complied with, and should comprise only a small portion of the $4.00 retail cost increase compared to pre- standard mowers that is attributable to this related group of requirements. [[Page 333]] Also, shields complying with the movable shield requirement are featured in some currently produced mowers. (3) The foot probe and related requirements should result in a cost increase of about $22,000,000 and undiscounted injury savings of about $46,000,000, exclusive of any allowance for pain and suffering. (4) The starting location control requirement would apply only to mowers with a power restart capability using engine kill to stop the blade. The cost for relocating the power restart switch, if necessary, should be very minor, and more than offset by the elimination of a clutch, as discussed below. (5) The requirement that the blade stop within 3 seconds of the release of the blade control is supported by (i) the requirement that those mowers that stop the blade by stopping the engine must have a power restart (to remove the motivation to disable the blade control because of the inconven- ience of manually starting the mower each time the control is released) and by (ii) the requirement for an additional control that must be actuated before the blade can resume operation (to prevent accidental starting of the blade). Together, these requirements are expected to reduce the number of blade contact injuries by 46,500 per year for an undiscounted savings in injury costs of about $165,000,000 per year, exclusive of pain and suffering. (6) Virtually all mowers will be subjected to a cost increase of about $3 for the blade control actuating means and $1 for the second control required to restart the blade. (The $1 cost could be eliminated for power restart-engine kill mowers that do not start when the blade control is actuated.) (7) Also, most mowers would require a brake for the blade in order to achieve a 3 second stop time. This would add another $6.50-$8.50, depending on the type of mower. Mowers with power restart capability could stop the blade by killing the engine and thus would not need to provide a clutch to disconnect the engine from the blade. Mowers using manual restart would have to provide a clutch or other blade disengagement devices, which would probably be combined with the brake in a unitary brake-clutch mechanism. (8) The following are the Commission's estimates of the probable retail price increases associated with certain types of currently produced mowers that will be caused by the blade control requirements. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Blade control Type of mower retail price increases ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Electric mowers (house current or battery powered)...... $15.00 Present Electric start gasoline mowers.................. 13.00-19.50 Present Manual start gasoline mowers brake clutch 32.50 approach............................................... Power restart approach.................................. 29.00-39.50 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ (9) The weighted average retail price increase of the blade stop requirements is expected to be about $31 per mower for a total retail cost increase of $167,000,000. (10) The foot probe and blade stop requirements of the standard will obviously not completely protect the users of mowers under all circumstances. It is still essential for consumers to be aware of the hazard of blade contact and take the proper precautions to protect themselves. It is especially important that users not become complacent with the knowledge that the mower incorporates blade contact safety requirements. Accordingly, the Commission has determined that it is desirable that mowers complying with the standard bear a label warning of the danger of blade contact. Such a requirement would result in practically no effect on the retail price of mowers since labels are very inexpensive and practically all currently produced mowers bear some type of warning label. In view of the hazard that will be associated with power mowers even after the effective date of the standard, and the low cost of the label, the Commission concludes there is an unreasonable risk of injury that can be addressed by the label requirements in this part 1205. (j) Conclusion. Therefore, after considering the anticipated costs and benefits of part 1205 and the other factors discussed above, and having taken into account the special needs of elderly and handicapped persons to determine the extent to which such persons may be adversely affected by the rule, the Commission finds that part 1205 (including the effective dates) is reasonably necessary to eliminate or reduce [[Page 334]] the unreasonable risk of injury associated with walk-behind power lawn mowers and that promulgation of the rule is in the public interest. [44 FR 10024, Feb. 15, 1979, as amended at 45 FR 86417, Dec. 31, 1980] Subpart B_Certification Source: 44 FR 70386, Dec. 6, 1979, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1205.30 Purpose, scope, and application. (a) Purpose. Section 14(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Act, 15 U.S.C. 2063(a), requires every manufacturer (including importer) and private labeler of a product which is subject to a consumer product safety standard to issue a certificate that the product conforms to the applicable standard, and to base that certificate either on a test of each product or on a ``reasonable testing program.'' The purpose of this subpart B of part 1205 is to establish requirements that manufacturers and importers of walk-behind rotary power lawn mowers subject to the Safety Standard for Walk-Behind Power Lawn Mowers (16 CFR part 1205, subpart A), shall issue certificates of compliance in the form of specified labeling and shall keep records of the testing program on which the certificates are based. (b) Scope and application. (1) The provisions of this rule apply to all rotary walk-behind power lawn mowers which are subject to the requirements of the Safety Standard for Walk-Behind Power Lawn Mowers. This rule does not apply to reel-type mowers, which are subject only to the labeling requirements of the standard. (2) As authorized by section 14(a)(2) of the act, the Commission exempts manufacturers who manufacture or import only component parts, and private labelers, from the requirement to issue certificates. (Private labelers who are also importers must still certify.) Sec. 1205.31 Effective date. Any walk-behind rotary power mower manufactured after December 31, 1981, must meet the standard and must be certified as complying with the standard in accordance with this rule. Sec. 1205.32 Definitions. In addition to the definitions set forth in section 3 of the act (15 U.S.C. 2052) and in Sec. 1205.3 of the standard, the following definitions shall apply to this subpart B of part 1205: (a) Manufacturer means any person or firm that manufactures or imports power lawn mowers subject to this standard, and includes those that assemble power lawn mowers from parts manufactured by other firms. (b) Manufactured means the earliest point at which the mower is in the form in which it will be sold or offered for sale to the consumer or is in the form in which it will be shipped to a distributor or retailer. In these forms, a ``manufactured'' mower may still require partial assembly by the consumer or the lawn mower dealer. (c) Private labeler means an owner of a brand or trademark which is used on a power lawn mower subject to the standard and which is not the brand or trademark of the manufacturer of the mower, provided the owner of the brand or trademark has caused or authorized the mower to be so labeled and the brand or trademark of the manufacturer of such mower does not appear on the label. (d) Production lot means a quantity of mowers from which certain mowers are selected for testing prior to certifying the lot. All mowers in a lot must be essentially identical in those design, construction, and material features which relate to the ability of a mower to comply with the standard. (e) Reasonable testing program means any test or series of tests which are identical or equivalent to, or more stringent than, the tests defined in the standard and which are performed on one or more mowers of the production lot for the purpose of determining whether there is reasonable assurance that the mowers in that lot comply with the requirements of the standard. Sec. 1205.33 Certification testing. (a) General. Manufacturers and importers shall either test each individual rotary walk-behind power lawn mower (or have it tested) or shall rely [[Page 335]] upon a reasonable testing program to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of the standard. (b) Reasonable testing program. (1) A reasonable testing program for rotary walk-behind power mowers is one that provides reasonable assurance that the mowers comply with the standard. Manufacturers and importers may define their own reasonable testing programs. Such reasonable testing programs may, at the option of manufacturers and importers, be conducted by an independent third party qualified to perform such testing programs. (2) To conduct a reasonable testing program, the mowers shall be divided into production lots. Sample mowers from each production lot shall be tested in accordance with the reasonable testing program so that there is a reasonable assurance that if the mowers selected for testing meet the standard, all mowers in the lot will meet the standard. Where there is a change in parts, suppliers of parts, or production methods that could affect the ability of the mower to comply with the requirements of the standard, the manufacturer should establish a new production lot for testing. (3) The Commission will test for compliance with the standard by using the test procedures contained in the standard. However, a manufacturer's reasonable testing program may include either tests prescribed in the standard or any other reasonable test procedures. (For example, in the shield strength test (Sec. 1205.4), the manufacturer might choose to use a force higher than the 50 lb force specified in the standard.) (4) If the reasonable testing program shows that a mower does not comply with one or more requirements of the standard, no mower in the production lot can be certified as complying until the noncomplying mowers in the lot have been identified and destroyed or altered by repair, redesign, or use of a different material or components to the extent necessary to make them conform to the standard. The sale or offering for sale of mowers that do not comply with the standard is a prohibited act and a violation of section 19(a)(1) of the CPSA, regardless of whether the mower has been validly certified. Sec. 1205.34 Recordkeeping requirements. (a) General. Every person issuing certificates of compliance for walk-behind rotary power lawn mowers subject to the standard shall maintain written records which show that the certificates are based on a test of each mower or on a reasonable testing program. The records shall be maintained for a period of at least 3 years from the date of certification of each mower or each production lot. These records shall be available to any designated officer or employee of the Commission upon request in accordance with section 16(b) of the act (15 U.S.C. 2065(b)). (b) Content of records. Records shall identify the mower tested and the production lot and describe the tests the mowers have been subjected to and the results of the tests. (c) Format for records. The records required to be maintained by this section may be in any appropriate form or format that clearly provides the required information. Sec. 1205.35 Product certification and labeling by manufacturers. (a) Form of permanent label of certification. Manufacturers (including importers) shall issue certificates of compliance for walk- behind rotary power lawn mowers manufactured after the effective date of the mower standard in the form of a label which can reasonably be expected to remain on the mower during the period the mower is capable of being used. Such labeling shall be deemed to be a ``certificate'' of compliance as that term is used in section 14 of the act. (15 U.S.C. 2063.) (b) Contents of certification label. The certification labels required by this section shall clearly and legibly contain the following information: (1) The statement ``Meets CPSC blade safety requirements.'' (2) An identification of the production lot. (3) The name of the person or firm issuing the certificate. (4) The location where the product was principally assembled. (5) The month and year the product was manufactured. (c) Coding. Except for the requirements of paragraphs (b)(1) and (b)(3) of [[Page 336]] this section, all of the information required by Sec. 1205.35 may be in code, provided the person or firm issuing the certificate maintains a written record of the meaning of each symbol used in the code that will be made available to the distributor, retailer, consumer, and the Commission upon request. If a mower is manufactured for sale by a private labeler, and if the name of the private labeler is also on the certification label, the name of the manufacturer or importer issuing the certificate may also be in such a code. (d) Placement of label. The label required by this section must be visible and legible to the ultimate purchaser of the lawn mower. For mowers manufactured before January 1, 1984, where the label is not visible to the consumer at the time of sale because of packaging or marketing practices, an additional label or notice, which may be temporary, stating ``Meets CPSC blade safety requirements'' shall also appear on the container, or, if the container is not so visible, the promotional material, used in connection with the sale of the mowers. [44 FR 70386, Dec. 6, 1979, as amended at 49 FR 28241, July 11, 1984] Sec. 1205.36 Product certification and labeling by importers. (a) General. The importer of any rotary walk-behind power lawn mower subject to the standard must issue the certificate of compliance required by section 14(a) of the Act and Sec. 1205.35 of this regulation. If testing of each mower, or a reasonable testing program, meeting the requirements of this subpart B of part 1205 has been performed by or for the foreign manufacturer of the product, the importer may rely in good faith on such tests to support the certificate of compliance provided the importer is a resident of the United States or has a resident agent in the United States and the records of such tests required by Sec. 1205.34 of this part are maintained in the United States. (b) Responsibility of importer. If the importer relies on tests by the foreign manufacturer to support the certificate of compliance, the importer bears the responsibility for examining the records supplied by the manufacturer to determine that the records of such tests appear to comply with Sec. 1205.34 of this part. PART 1207_SAFETY STANDARD FOR SWIMMING POOL SLIDES--Table of Contents Sec. 1207.1 Scope, purpose, and findings. 1207.2 Effective date. 1207.3 Definitions. 1207.4 Recommended standards for materials of manufacture. 1207.5 Design. 1207.6-1207.8 [Reserved] 1207.9 Product certification. 1207.10 Handling, storage, and marking. 1207.11 References. 1207.12 Stockpiling. Authority: Secs. 2, 7, 9, 14, 30, Pub. L. 92-573; 86 Stat. 1207, 1212, 1215, 1220, 1236; (15 U.S.C. 2051, 2056, 2058, 2063, 2079). Source: 41 FR 2751, Jan. 19, 1976, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1207.1 Scope, purpose, and findings. (a) Scope and purpose. This part 1207 sets forth the consumer product safety standard issued by the Consumer Product Safety Commission for the manufacture and construction of slides for use in swimming pools. The requirements of this standard are designed to reduce or eliminate the unreasonable risks of death or injury associated with swimming pool slides. This standard also makes certain recommendations regarding the installation, maintenance, and intended use of swimming pool slides that supplement its mandatory requirements. This standard is applicable to all swimming pool slides manufactured after July 17, 1976. Paragraph (b) of this section sets forth the findings which the Commission is required to make by section 9(c) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2058(c)). (b) Findings. \1\ (1) The Commission finds that unreasonable risks of death [[Page 337]] or injury from accidents are associated with swimming pool slides. These risks are (i) quadriplegia and paraplegia resulting from users (primarily adults using the swimming pool slide for the first time) sliding down the slide in a head first position and striking the bottom of the pool, (ii) leg fractures resulting from feet first entry, (iii) impact of sliders with other people in the pool, and (iv) falls from the slide ladder. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ The Commission's findings apply to the swimming pool slide standard that it published on January 19, 1976 (42 FR 2751). On March 3, 1978 the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit set aside portions of that standard (Aqua Slide `N' Drive Corporation v. CPSC, 569 F.2d 831 (5th Cir. 1978)). On December 18, 1978, the Commission published revisions to the standard which reflect the court's decision. However, the findings have not been revised and they are therefore not fully applicable to the revised swimming pool slide requirements. For example, the revised standard does not address the risk of quadriplegia and paraplegia (except insofar as the standard specifies a low angle of attack of the slider into the water) because the court set aside the provisions concerning installation instructions and warning signs. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (2) The Commission finds that the types or classes of products that are subject to this standard are those swimming pool slides manufactured, constructed, or imported for use in connection with all swimming pools, whether in-ground, on-ground, or above-ground, regardless of the materials of manufacture or structural characteristics of the slides. It is estimated that 350,000 of these slides are currently in service and that each year the number of slides in use may increase by 5 to 10 percent. (3) The Commission finds that the public uses swimming pool slides in recreation at both public and private swimming pools, and it is estimated that 75% of these slides are located at residential pools. It is anticipated that public demand for the products will decline slightly for a time following issuance of this standard as a result of consumer awareness of hazards associated with the product caused by the mandatory signs placed on the slides and as a result of recommendations regarding the installation and intended use of the products. The decline in demand is expected to be short-term. It is anticipated that the utility of the slides as a recreational device will be increased to the extent that injury or death associated with the use of the product is eliminated or reduced. (4) The Commission also finds that manufacturing cost increases as a direct result of this standard and promotional cost increases as an indirect result of this standard are expected to be modest for the industry as a whole. Any resulting increase in the cost of slides to consumers attributable directly or indirectly to the requirements of this standard will be small. No adverse effect on the availability of the product to consumers is expected. (5) The Commission has considered other means of achieving the objective of the standard, but has found none that would have fewer adverse effects on competition or that would cause less disruption or dislocation of manufacturing and other commercial practices, consistent with the public health and safety. (6) The Commission also finds that this standard, including its effective date, is reasonably necessary to eliminate or reduce the unreasonable risks of injury associated with swimming pool slides and that promulgation of the standard is in the public interest. [41 FR 2751, Jan. 19, 1976; 41 FR 9307, Mar. 4, 1976, as amended at 41 FR 23187, June 9, 1976; 43 FR 58813, Dec. 18, 1978] Sec. 1207.2 Effective date. This part 1207 shall become effective July 17, 1976. All swimming pool slides manufactured after that date must meet the requirements of this part 1207. [41 FR 23187, June 9, 1976] Sec. 1207.3 Definitions. (a) As used in this part 1207: (1) Aboveground pool slide ladder means a slide ladder that is not anchored in the ground or support deck and that can be removed from the slide or hinged and locked so that unauthorized or unsupervised use of the slide is prevented. (2) Abrasion hazard means a sharp or rough surface of a swimming pool slide that would scrape the skin upon casual contact. (3) Assembled product means all parts, components, and fasteners as defined in and assembled according to the manufacturer's assembly and installation instructions. (4) Bracing means members providing structural support to the assembled, installed slide. [[Page 338]] (5) Casual contact means contact of any body part with the slide occurring by chance or nonchalant encounters. (6) Center of gravity means the point that represents the mean position of the concentrated mass of a body. (7) Curved slide means a slide whose runway curves out of the vertical plane at any point along the slide path. (8) Cutting hazard means a slide surface that would cut the skin under casual contact. (9) Designated waterline means the horizontal line through whichever of the following is applicable: (i) The midpoint of the operating range of the skimmers, or (ii) on pools with overflow systems, the height of the overflow rim. (10) Edge guards means shields designed to cover sharp edges on slides. (11) [Reserved] (12) Freestanding slide means a slide designed for aboveground pools that is not fastened to the pool deck or the ground. This slide may have attachments to the aboveground pool to prevent misalignment. (13) Friction means the force tending to reduce the velocity of the slider on the slide. (14) [Reserved] (15) Intended use means behavior on swimming pool slides as disclosed by the manufacturer, as specified in this part 1207, or to which the slide may be subjected by a reasonable user (including reasonably foreseeable misuse). (16) Ladder angle means the angle of the ladder measured from a plumbline. (17) Ladder platform means a platform built into the slide ladder. (18) Operational strength means the strength of the slide and/or its components after installation according to the manufacturer's instructions. (19) Performance test means a test to measure the functional or structural characteristics of the slide and may include: (i) Observations and measurements of the slide's functioning in the ``intended use'' mode, installed according to the manufacturer's installation instructions, and/or (ii) Observations and measurements of the slide's response to dynamic and static loads. (20) [Reserved] (21) Pinching hazard means any configuration of slide components that would pinch or entrap the fingers or toes of a child or an adult. (22) Puncture hazard means any slide surface or protrusion that would puncture a child's skin under casual contact. (23) Runway means the surface on which the user slides in the intended use of a slide. (24) Runway rail means a raised edge or guard that keeps the slider on the runway. (25) Runway length means the length of the runway measured along its centerline. (26) Slide width means the width of the slide runway measured between the inside of the left and right runway rails. (27) Straight slide means a slide whose runway curves only in the vertical plane. (28) Swimming pool slide means any device used to enter a swimming pool by sliding down an inclined plane. (29) Tamperproof means that tools are required to alter or remove portions of the slide such as guards, treads, etc. (30) Trajectory means the path of a slider's center of gravity from start to finish. (31) [Reserved] (32) Tread contact surface means foot contact surfaces of ladder, step, stair, or ramp. [41 FR 2751, Jan. 19, 1976, as amended at 43 FR 58813, Dec. 18, 1978] Sec. 1207.4 Recommended standards for materials of manufacture. (a) General. The materials used in swimming pool slides should be compatible with man and compatible with the environment in which they are installed. These materials should be capable of fulfilling the design requirements prescribed by Sec. 1207.5. (b) Effects of environment. The choice of materials for swimming pool slides should be such that the operational strength of the entire slide assembly, as defined by the performance tests in Sec. 1207.5, should not be adversely affected by exposure to rain, snow, ice, sunlight, local, normal temperature extremes, local normal wind variations, expected local air pollution products, [[Page 339]] and the mechanical, electrical, and chemical environment in and around swimming pools. For purposes of this part 1207, ``local normal'' temperature extremes and wind variations are defined as the average annual record limits for the past 10 years at any slide installation point in the U.S.A. where such statistical information exists (see reference (a) in Sec. 1207.11) (c) Materials selection. The selection of all materials for swimming pool slides should be such that all surfaces and edges that may come in contact with the user are assembled, arranged, and/or finished (deburred, polished, etc.) so that they will not constitute a cutting, pinching, puncturing, or abrasion hazard under casual contact and intended use by children or adults. (d) Toxicity. The selection of materials used in swimming pool slides should be such that the assembled and installed products should not be toxic to man or harmful to the environment under intended use and reasonably foreseeable abuse or disposal. All paints and finishes used on swimming pool slides shall comply with 16 CFR 1303.2(b)(2) and 1303.4(a). (e) Chemical compatibility. The selection of materials for swimming pool slides should be such that the assembled and installed product, and the parts, are chemically compatible with the materials and environment contacted under intended use and reasonably foreseeable abuse. [41 FR 2751, Jan. 19, 1976, as amended at 43 FR 58813, Dec. 18, 1978] Sec. 1207.5 Design. (a) Strength. The strength of the assembled and installed swimming pool slide shall be such that no structural failures of any component part shall cause failures of any other component part of the slide as described in the performance tests in paragraphs (d)(4) and (f)(9) of this section. (b) Edges. Edges of swimming pool slide runways, ladders, handrails, and deck anchor flanges shall be designed, finished (deburred, polished, etc.), or protected in such a manner as to prevent cutting human tissue on casual contact and intended use. If edge guards are used, they shall be permanently affixed to the structure in a tamper-proof fashion. (c) Ladders, steps, stairs, or ramps--(1) General. Swimming pool slide ladders, steps, stairs, or ramps shall have treads, not rungs, if the angle of the incline is 15[deg] or greater from a plumbline. (2) Angle. Swimming pool slide ladders not using rungs shall be designed and installed in such a manner that the user's center of gravity will be approximately positioned directly over each step during the use of the ladder. When tread design ladders are used, the minimum installed angle shall be not less than 15[deg] from a plumbline dropped from a ladder step as shown in figure A. If stairs or ramps are used to ascent to the top of the slide, they shall be designed in accordance with reference (c) of Sec. 1207.11, pages 457-463. (Note: To convert the English system values given in the figures to metric values, the following conversion factors should be used: 1 inch = 2.54 cm., 1 foot = 30.48 cm., 1 square inch = 6.452 sq. cm., 1 lb. (mass) = 0.4536 kg., 1 lb. (force) = 4.448 newtons, and 1 ft.-lb. = 1.356 newton-meters.) [[Page 340]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.017 (3) Steps--(i) Dimensions. Slide ladder treads may have flat or curved tread surfaces and shall be designed so that they have a minimum tread width of 2 inches (5.08 cm) and a minimum length of 12 inches (30.48 cm) (reference (c) of Sec. 1207.11). The riser height of slide ladder treads shall be no more than 12 inches (30.5 cm) nor less than 7 inches (17.8 cm) and shall be constant over the entire height of the ladder (reference (c) of Sec. 1207.11). [[Page 341]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.018 (ii) Tread curvature. If slide ladder tread surfaces are curved, they shall not have a radius of curvature less than seven times the tread width. (iii) Slip resistant surfaces--(A) General. The tread surface of all swimming pool slide ladders shall have a slip-resistant surface that is either an integral part of or permanently attached to the ladder steps. The performance test is designed to insure that all tread slip-resistant surfaces shall have the ability to maintain a barefooted 50-percentile adult male (reference (d) of Sec. 1207.11) at an angle of repose of 33[deg] 1[deg] without movement with a safety factor of 2.0. The angle of repose is the angle formed by the intersection of the ladder rails and the line connecting the user's feet and center of gravity. The tread and the foot shall be wet for this test. (B) Performance test. A wooden block shall be prepared in accordance with figure C. The contact surface area of the block shall be 8 square inches (51.61 square cm) to simulate the ball of the foot (reference (d) of Sec. 1207.11). It shall be covered with \1/4\\1/8\ inch (.64.32 cm) of natural or silicone rubber sponge capped with porous soft leather as shown in figure C. [[Page 342]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.019 The tests shall be carried out on a slide assembled and installed according to the manufacturer's instructions. The block shall be soaked in pool water for at least 3 minutes and placed at the midpoint of the wet step with the centroid of load of the block on the longitudinal axis of the step. The block shall be loaded symmetrically on its upper bearing surface with a weight of 3002 pounds (136.1.9 kg). A controlled and measured force shall be applied at the tangential load ring of the block tangent to the horizontal and increased at a rate of no more than 20 pounds (88.96 newtons) per second. If the block does not move at the point that the tangential load is equal to 105 pounds (467.1 newtons), the tread surface passes this performance test. Other force-creating means that produce equal forces on the block (3002lbs, 1,334 newtons) may be substituted for weights if they result in substantially identical slip-resistance measurements. (iv) Fastener requirements. Ladder treads shall be attached to the ladder rails in such a manner that continued intended use or reasonably foreseeable abuse shall not cause any fastener to loosen, crack, or break. All attachment methods that are used to hold the ladder tread to the ladder rails shall be permanent and tamperproof. If fasteners are used for the tread-rail attachment, the number and placement of such fasteners shall not cause a failure of the tread under the ladder loading conditions specified in this paragraph (c)(3). (v) Aboveground pool ladders. Above-ground pool slides equipped with swing-up ladders shall be designed so that the ladders may be fixed in the up position by a tamperproof lock. (vi) Ladder platforms. Swimming pool slides whose height above the surface upon which the slide is mounted is greater than 7.5 feet (2.29 meters) shall have a platform built into the ladder. This platform shall be located at least 6 feet (1.83 meters) above the deck and shall have minimum dimensions of 12 by 12 inches (30.48 x 30.48 cm.). The floor of the platform shall have a slip-resistant surface whose performance exceeds the requirements of the tests specified in paragraph (c)(3)(iii)(B) of this section. A minimum dimension of two times the riser height shall be maintained from the platform to the [[Page 343]] top of the slide runway. Transitional handrails shall be provided when a platform is used. (vii) Static load performance test. Ladder treads or rungs shall be capable of supporting a 300-pound (1,334-newton) static load in the center without failure or permanent deformation. (d) Handrails. Swimming pool slide ladders shall be equipped with handrails to aid the slider in safely making the transition to the runway. The handrails shall extend no more than 18 inches (45.72 cm) above the top of the slide runway platform (see figure D1). [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.020 (1) Size. The outside diameter of handrails shall be between 1.00 and 1.90 inches (2.54 and 4.83 cm) (references (c) and (d) of Sec. 1207.11). (2) Extent of handrails--(i) Maximum angle ladder. If ladder handrails for a ladder inclined 15 degrees or less from the vertical extend below the slide transition area, they shall be parallel to the ladder rails at a perpendicular distance from them of 4 to 6 inches (10.16 to 15.24 cm) (see figure D2). The handrail shall begin 3 to 5 feet (0.91 to 1.52 meters) above the pool deck. Handrails should not provide a means of entrapment. [[Page 344]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.021 (ii) Extent of handrails for ladders, steps, stairs, or ramps. For slides not using the minimum angle ladder (15 degrees or less from the vertical), the perpendicular distance between the ladder handrails and the ladder rails below the slide transition area shall be the distance ``l'' as shown in table 1. Table 1--Variations of l Ladders: 15[deg]<[thetas]<40[deg]........ L=(34.09[thetas]rad-3.86) 1 =(86.59[thetas]rad- 9.80)2.54 cm Stairs: 40[deg]<[thetas]<70[deg]......... l = 34 1 = 86.36 2.54 cm Ramps: [thetas]<70[deg].................. l = 42 1 = 106.682.54 cm n(3) Bracing of handrails. If handrail braces are used, they shall withstand intended use and reasonably foreseeable abuse. (4) Attachment and strength of handrails. Handrails and their fasteners shall withstand allowable shear, bending, and cyclical loading in intended use and reasonably foreseeable abuse. All fasteners for handrail connections shall be vibrationproof, selflocking, and tamperproof. Threaded fasteners shall be capable of withstanding a 1- foot-pound (1,356-newton meter) back-off torque. (i) Sockets performance test. If handrail sockets are used, the handrail end shall be permanently fixed in the socket so that it cannot be pulled out or bent at the socket by a moment of 233 foot-pounds (316 newton-meters) applied clockwise around point A in figure E. The socket shall not permanently deform under the maximum applied loads. [[Page 345]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.022 (ii) Side forces. If the handrail is in a socket or attached to the side of the slide runway rail, the attachment methods must be capable of withstanding all shear and bending forces induced by a 172-foot-pound (233-newton-meter) moment counterclockwise around point A in figure F. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.023 (iii) Performance tests--(A) Strength for climbing and falls. (1) Attach a pull loop to point C of the upper handrail (figure E). Point C is the point where a perpendicular to the axis of the handrail passes through point A, the socket, or other attachment point. Attach a stranded steel cable or wire rope to point C. All cables and ropes shall have at least a 1,000-pound (4,448-newton) tensile capacity. Attach a 162-pound (73.5-kg) weight to this cable at least 4 feet (1.22 meters) below point C. Observe any permanent deformation or bending on the hand- rail at point A. If none exists, the handrail passes this performance test. (2) Lift the weight one foot (30.48 cm) from its maximum static position and drop it. Observe any permanent deformation of the handrail or its attachments at point A. If each handrail will still support the 162-pound (73.5-kg) weight for a period of 15 minutes and has not been bent more than 45[deg] from its original direction, it passes this performance test. (B) Transition handrail strength. Rotate the assembled slide into the horizontal position on its side on a loading dock or other platform. Move the slide into such a position that the entire [[Page 346]] handrail assembly overhangs the platform and level the slide. Fasten the slide firmly in this position and attach a 115-pound (52.2-kg) weight to point D, as shown in figure F, and check for any visible permanent deformation of the handrail at point A. If none exists, the handrails pass this performance test. (e) Lubrication. Swimming pool slides shall either be equipped with a method of lubrication (for example, water) or have a similar coefficient of friction so that the slider has a smooth, continuous slide. If water is used, the nozzles, piping, or hoses that deliver water to the runway shall be recessed or designed in such a fashion as not to interfere with a slider's progress down the slide or create tripping hazards on the slide. (f) Runways--(1) Curvature. Slide runway curvature between the front and rear support legs of the slide shall be consistent with maintaining the slider safely on the slide during intended use and reasonably foreseeable abuse. (2) Dynamic equilibrium. (i) Swimming pool slide runways, whether straight or curved, shall be designed as ``balanced curves.'' On a balanced curve, the test fixture discussed in paragraph (f)(2)(ii) of this section shall stay on a trajectory that keeps it within a distance of 41 percent of the runway width to the runway centerline at all points along the runway without contacting the runway rails. (ii) Performance test--(A) Direct measurement. Build a wooden pallet no larger than 5 by 5 inches (12.7 x 12.7 cm), as shown in figure G. Securely attach a lead rod or bar on the pallet. Size the bar so that the weight-to-area ratio of the assembly is 1.300.05 lbs./sq. in. (8,960340 newtons/sq. meter) and the pallet does not tip over when in motion. Attach a felt pen or other suitable marking device to the pallet assembly as shown in figure G to mark the slide during descent. (B) Test. Lubricate the slide in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Center the pallet at the top of the slide runway and release. Observe the pallet's descent and note if it touches the slide's side rails. If it touches, check alignment and installation again. With water off and the slide dry, center the pallet at the top of the runway and release. Measure the distance from the felt pen marked line to the centerline of the runway. If within 41 percent of the width measured from the centerline along the entire path and if the pallet does not contact the runway rails, the slide is dynamically balanced and passes this performance test. (3) Runway side rails. Swimming pool slide runways shall have permanent runway side rails of at least 2 inches (5.08 cm) and height to prevent lateral discharge of the slider off the slide under intended use and reasonably foreseeable abuse. (4) Runway side-rail heights. Runway side-rail heights shall be designed as a function of the maximum slide-slope angle (as shown in figure H). Table 2 that follows shows side-rail height versus maximum slide-slope angle. If the maximum slide-slope angle is not shown in table 2, the next higher side-rail height must be used. Maximum slide- slope angles shall not exceed 75[deg]. (See figure H.) [[Page 347]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.024 Table 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Runway side-rail [psi] = Maximum slide-slope angle height inches (centimeters) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ <60[deg].......................................... 2 (5.08) 60-70[deg]........................................ 3 (7.62) 70-75[deg]........................................ 3\1/2\ (8.89) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.025 (5) Slide geometry. Swimming pool slide runways shall have a smooth transition section and have geometry such that the path of the center of gravity of the slider is not more than 10[deg] from the horizontal at the center of gravity's exit off the slide and such that the slider's angle of attack ([alpha]), shown in figure I and defined below, shall be at least + 15[deg] when the slider's feet leave the slide. (See figure I.) (i) Performance tests. Measurement of the 50th-percentile adult male (712 inches and 1625 pounds, 180.345.08 cm and 73.52.3 kg) \1\ slider's angle of attack shall be made using any of the following methods or their equivalent: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ See reference (f) of Sec. 1207.11 for full discussion. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (A) Motion picture cameras (36 frames per second or more). (B) Still cameras with strobe lights and reflectors on the head and hip of the slider. (C) Still cameras with rotating shutters and lights on the head and hip of the slider. (D) Video tape recorder. (ii) Measurements shall be made from the still water level as the horizontal. The path angle shall be determined by measuring the angle between a tangent to the path of the center of gravity (line X) and the horizontal taken through the center of gravity (line Y). At least five consecutive runs with the same subject shall be made in order that an average may be computed. \2\ Angle of attack shall be taken as the angle between the slider's longitudinal axis (Z) and the tangent to the path of his center of gravity (X). The slider's longitudinal axis shall be located by the vertical line that passes through his center of gravity when he stands erect. The slider shall wear usual swimming attire. The angle-of-attack measurement shall be made after the [[Page 348]] slider's feet have cleared the slide, the distance between the end of the slide and his feet being less than 8 inches (20.3 cm). The slider's descent must be headfirst, prone, belly-down, and with arms extended in front. Except when starting, the slider shall not augment the slide trip by forcibly reacting with the slide through the use of his hands, arms, feet and/or legs. The slider's starting reactions with the slide shall be only as strong as necessary to start him moving. If the average angle of attack measured and computed in the above manner is equal to or greater than + 15[deg], the slide passes this performance test. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\ Maximum measurement variation of 15 percent. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.026 (6) Runway exit lips. All runway exit lips of swimming pool slides shall be smoothly faired into the runway surface with a radius of curvature at the exit lip of the slide of at least 2\1/4\ inches (5.72 cm) (see figure J). [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.027 (7) Runway exit vertical angle. The angle of the runway at exit of the slide () shall be -3 to -11 degrees from the horizontal as shown in figure J. (8)(i) Runway exit ramp lateral curvature and exit lip horizontal angle. No net lateral forces on the slider shall exist in that portion of the runway exit ramp beyond the forward support points of the slide. All slides shall be designed and constructed so that the exit lip of the slide is level at all points along the width of the runway at the runway exit lip line drawn at the point where the lip curvature shown in figure J is tangent to the runway. The slide shall be designed so that any side forces on the user induced by prior lateral curvature will be reduced to zero upon exit from the slide runway. (ii) Performance tests. Those tests described in paragraph (f)(2)(ii) of this section are also applicable to paragraph (f)(8) of this section, and the path of the test fixture must be parallel to the centerline of the slide at the exit lip (within 5[deg]) and not touching the side rails of the runway. (9) Strength of slide runways and supports--(i) Static loads. A properly assembled and installed slide runway shall be [[Page 349]] capable of supporting a static load of at least 350 pounds (1,557 newtons) applied normal to the runway over an area of no more than 20 square inches (129.03 square cm) at any point along its length or width. (ii) Dynamic loading. Properly assembled and installed slide runways shall be capable of supporting, without structural failure except as defined in paragraph (f)(9)(iii)(B)(3) of this section, a dynamic load of at least 450 foot-pounds (610.2 newton-meters) dropped on an area of 20 square inches (129.03 square cm) at the midpoints of the upper runway platform and the lower runway exit ramp. (iii) Performance tests--(A) Static loads. Assemble and install a slide according to the manufacturer's instructions. Prepare a 20-square- inch (129.03 square cm) load-bearing pallet according to figure K. Place the loaded pallet on the upper slide platform, positioned between the runway rails, until the scale on the hoist line reads between 0 and 10 pounds (0 and 44.48 newtons). Keep the pallet in this position for 10 minutes. Remove the loaded pallet and observe the runway for any significant structural failure such as permanent deformations or cracks. If there are none, the slide passes the test. Repeat the same test on the lower runway exit ramp. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.028 (B) Dynamic loads. (1) Assemble and install a slide according to the manufacturer's instructions. Use the hardwood load pallet shown in figure K and set it up under dynamic load guides fabricated as shown in figure L, or an equivalent impact-testing machine. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.029 (2) Fabricate a 45-pound (20.4-kg) billet of 4.9000.005-inch (12.45.01 cm) steel rod as shown in figure M, or equivalent, and load into the pipe above the trigger slot. The length of the pipe from the trigger slot to the impact pallet shall be 10.00.1 feet (3.05 meters3.05 cm). [[Page 350]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.030 (3) Drop the billet onto the pallet and observe the slide for any permanent deformations or cracks. If the slide runway can still support a static load of 350 pounds (1,557 newtons) on the pallet without further crack propagation, it passes this test. (4) Perform the test on the entrance and exit platforms of the slide runway. [41 FR 2751, Jan. 19, 1976; 41 FR 9307, Mar. 4, 1976; 41 FR 10062, Mar. 9, 1976, as amended at 41 FR 12638, Mar. 26, 1976; 41 FR 13911, Apr. 1, 1976] Sec. Sec. 1207.6-1207.8 [Reserved] Sec. 1207.9 Product certification. (a) Certification shall be in accordance with section 14(a)(1) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2063(a)(1)). (b) A certificate shall accompany the swimming pool slide (in the form of a permanent label on the shipping container(s) or in the form of a separate certificate) to all distributors and retailers to whom the material is delivered certifying that the slide conforms to this part 1207. The certificate or permanent label issued under this section shall be based upon either a test of each product or a reasonable testing program, shall state the name of the manufacturer or private labeler issuing the certificate, and shall include the date and place of manufacture. (c) Any certificate shall be based upon the test procedures and requirements specified in this part 1207. Sec. 1207.10 Handling, storage, and marking. (a) Marking. The manufacturer's or private labeler's identification shall appear on the slide and shipping container. Such identification shall include the identity and address of the manufacturer or private labeler. If a private labeler's name is used, the marking shall include a code mark that will permit an identification of the manufacturer. (b) Shipping, handling, and storage. The slide shall be designed, constructed, or packaged so that reasonably foreseeable shipping, handling, and storage will not cause defects in the slide that will prevent the slide from complying with the requirements of this part 1207. Sec. 1207.11 References. (a) ``Statistical Abstract of the United States 1973,'' U.S. Dept. of Commerce, pp. 181-185, 192. (b) ``Human Engineering Guide for Equipment Designers,'' Woodson and Conover, pp. 2-166 through 2-169 published by the University of California Press, 2223 Fulton St., Berkeley, California 94720. (c) ``Human Engineering Guide to Equipment Design,'' Van Cott and KinKade, published by U.S. Dept. of [[Page 351]] Defense, 1972, Library of Congress Card No. 72-600054, pp. 457-465. (d) ``The Measure of Man--Human Factors in Design,'' by Henry Dreyfuss, published by Watson-Guptill Publications, Inc., 1 Astor Plaza, New York, New York, 10036. (e) ``Medical Tribune'', Wed., 8/15/73, p. 21. (f) ``Technical Rationale in Support of A Safety Standard for Swimming Pool Slides,'' 5/30/75. National Swimming Pool Institute, 2000 K Street NW., Washington, D.C. 20006. Sec. 1207.12 Stockpiling. (a) Definitions. As used in this section: (1) Stockpiling means manufacturing or importing swimming pool slides between the date of promulgation of part 1207 in the Federal Register and its effective date at a rate greater than five percent more than the rate at which the slides were manufactured or imported during the base period. (2) Base period means, at the option of the manufacturer or importer concerned, any period of 180 consecutive days beginning on or after January 2, 1974, and ending on or before December 31, 1974. (3) Rate of production (or importation) means the total number of swimming pool slides manufactured (or imported) during a stated time period. In determining whether a slide was manufactured (or imported) during a stated time period, the later of the date on which the slide runway was manufactured (or imported) or the date on which the accompanying ladder and other support parts were manufactured (or imported) shall be used. (b) Prohibited acts. Manufacturers and importers of swimming pool slides, as these products are defined in Sec. 1207.3(a)(28) shall not manufacture or import slides that do not comply with the requirements of this part 1207 between January 19, 1976, and July 17, 1976, at a rate which is greater than the rate of production or importation during the base period plus five percent of that rate. (c) Manufacturers and importers shall maintain appropriate documentation to be able to substantiate to the Commission that they are in compliance with the provisions of this section. [41 FR 2751, Jan. 19, 1976, as amended at 41 FR 15003, Apr. 9, 1976] PART 1209_INTERIM SAFETY STANDARD FOR CELLULOSE INSULATION--Table of Contents Subpart A_The Standard Sec. 1209.1 Scope and application. 1209.2 Definitions and measurements. 1209.3 General requirements. 1209.4 Test procedures for determining settled density. 1209.5 Test procedures for corrosiveness. 1209.6 Test procedures for critical radiant flux. 1209.7 Test procedures for smoldering combustion. 1209.8 Procedure for calibration of radiation instrumentation. 1209.9 Labeling requirement. 1209.10 Certification and enforcement. 1209.11 Effective date. Figure 1 to Subpart A of Part 1209--Partial Insulation Preparation Apparatus Figure 2 to Subpart A of Part 1209--Cyclone Receiver Weldment Figure 3 to Subpart A of Part 1209--Flooring Radiant Tester Schematic Side Elevation Figure 4 to Subpart A of Part 1209--Flooring Radiant Panel Tester Schematic Low Flux End, Elevation Figure 5 to Subpart A of Part 1209--Zero Reference Point Related to Detecting Plane Figure 6 to Subpart A of Part 1209--Dummy Specimen in Specimen Holder Figure 7 to Subpart A of Part 1209--Specimen Tray Figure 8 to Subpart A of Part 1209--Standard Radiant Heat Energy Flux Profile Figure 9 to Subpart A of Part 1209--Flux Profile Data Log Format Figure 10 to Subpart A of Part 1209--Insulation Radiant Panel Test Data Log Format Subpart B_Certification 1209.31 Purpose and applicability. 1209.32 Definitions. 1209.33 Reasonable testing program. 1209.34 Qualification testing. 1209.35 Product specification. 1209.36 Production testing. 1209.37 Corrective actions. 1209.38 Records. 1209.39 Certification of compliance. [[Page 352]] 1209.40 Certification responsibility, multiple parties. 1209.41 Effective date. Source: 44 FR 39966, July 6, 1979, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_The Standard Authority: Sec. 35(c)(2), Pub. L. 95-319, 92 Stat. 388-389 (15 U.S.C. 2082). Sec. 1209.1 Scope and application. (a) Scope. This part 1209, an interim consumer product safety standard, prescribes flame resistance and corrosiveness requirements for cellulose insulation that is a consumer product. These requirements are intended to reduce or eliminate an unreasonable risk of injury to consumers from flammable and corrosive cellulose insulation. The requirements are based upon the flame resistance and corrosiveness requirements of General Services Administration Specification HH-I-515D. (b) Application. This part 1209 shall apply to cellulose insulation that is a consumer product, that is, cellulose insulation produced or distributed for sale to, or for the personal use, consumption, or enjoyment of consumers in or around a permanent or temporary household or residence, a school, in recreation, or otherwise. The interim standard applies to cellulose insulation that is produced or distributed for sale to consumers for their direct installation or use, as well as cellulose insulation that is produced or distributed for installation by professionals. This part 1209 applies only to cellulose insulation manufactured after October 15, 1979. Sec. 1209.2 Definitions and measurements. (a) As used in this part 1209, Cellulose insulation means cellulosic fiber, loose fill, thermal insulation that is suitable for blowing or pouring applications. (b) The definitions given in section 3 of the Consumer Product Safety Act are applicable to this part 1209. (c) For the purposes of conformance with the technical requirements of this standard, the figures are given in the metric system of measurement. The inch-pound system approximations of these figures are provided in parentheses for convenience and information only. For numerical quantities for which no specific tolerances are given, the tolerance shall be one half of the unit value of the last significant digit given in the dimension. Where numerical quantities are given without tolerances in both the metric and inch-pound system of measurements, the tolerance shall be one half of the last significant digit of the metric equivalent of the numerical quantity. (d) The specifications and dimensions in the test methods below are given in metric units, with the English equivalents in parentheses. For enforcement purposes the Commission will use metric units. Sec. 1209.3 General requirements. (a) All cellulose insulation to which this interim standard applies, as described in Sec. 1209.1, shall be noncorrosive when tested in accordance with the test procedures at Sec. 1209.5 and evaluated using the criteria at Sec. 1209.5(c). This means that after the product is tested, the six metal coupons used in the test shall not have any perforations (excluding notches extending into the coupon 3 mm or less from any edge) when the coupons are observed over a 40-W appliance light bulb. (b) All cellulose insulation to which this interim standard applies, as described in Sec. 1209.1, shall have a critical radiant flux equal to or greater than 0.12 W/cm\2\ for each of the three specimens when tested in accordance with the test procedures at Sec. 1209.6. (c) All cellulose insulation to which this interim standard applies, as described in Sec. 1209.1, shall have no evidence of flaming combustion and shall also have weight loss of 15 percent or less of the initial weight, for each of the three specimens, when tested in accordance with the test procedures at Sec. 1209.7. (d) All containers of cellulose insulation to which this interim standard applies, as described in Sec. 1209.1, shall have a labeling statement in accordance with the labeling requirements at Sec. 1209.9. Sec. 1209.4 Test procedures for determining settled density. The settled density of lose fill insulation must be determined before the [[Page 353]] corrosiveness test (Sec. 1209.5) and the smoldering combustion test (Sec. 1209.7) can be performed. This section describes the procedure for determining the settled density of loose fill insulation. (a) Apparatus and materials. (1) An insulation specimen container with a flat bottom and an inside diameter of 15.01 cm, straight sides [without a flared lip or spout, (Apparatus 1)]. The height of the beaker shall be such that the distance between the bottom of the cyclone and the top edge of the beaker is 8.5 cm1.0 cm. (3.39 in.39 in). (2) A flat-rigid disc with a total weight of 755 g (2.650.18 oz) and of a suitable diameter to fit loosely into the specimen container. Weight may be added to the center of the disc to bring the total weight to the required 755 g (Apparatus 2). (3) A balance of 2 kg (4.4 lbs) capacity accurate at least to 0.2 g (0.007 oz) (Apparatus 3). (4) Blower apparatus, two units (supply and overflow) meeting the following specifications: (The Commission staff has found that a Breuer Electric Manufacturing Co., Model 98805 blower is suitable for this purpose, although other blowers may be suitable.) (Apparatus 4). (i) Each blower apparatus shall be capable of blowing an average of 272.2 kg (600 lbs.) of insulation per hour. (ii) Each blower apparatus shall have a nominal air flow of 2.1 cm\3\/min. (75 ft\3\/min.) (iii) Each blower apparatus shall have a nominal motor speed of 16,450 revolutions per minute at 115 VAC. (5) A shaker unit capable of shaking 4.5 kg (10 lb) of weight with a vertical motion of 0.5 g Root Mean Square (RMS) acceleration at an approximate frequency of 9 Hertz (Hz) and displacement of approximately 1.17 cm (\15/32\\1/32\ in.) .08 cm peak to peak. (The Commission staff has found that a Tyler Industries, Portable Sieve Shaker Model Rx-24 is suitable for this purpose, although other shakers may be suitable.) (Apparatus 5). (6) Fill chamber with inside dimensions of 45.7 cm (18 in) high x 38.1 cm (15 in) wide x 38.1 cm (15 in) deep, with covered openings that will allow a radiant panel tray to be slid through the chamber, (see Figure 1 for details) (Apparatus 6). (7) A cyclone receiver (see Figure 2 for complete details). (Apparatus 7). (8) Various lengths of nominally 2-inch diameter hose (see Figure 1 for details), as follows: (i) A supply source hose, 274.35.1 cm (9 ft2 in) (Apparatus 8(i)). (ii) A cyclone receiver hose, 182.95.1 cm (6 ft2 in) (Apparatus 8(ii)). (iii) A fill chamber exit hose, 91,.45.1 cm (3 ft2 in) (Apparatus 8(iii)). (iv) An overflow exhaust hose, length as needed (Apparatus 8(iv)). (9) Blower Control(s) capable of operating the two blowers at 40 volts RMS. As an example, a variac for each of the two blowers with sufficient rating to operate at 40 volts and 12 amperes RMS would be acceptable (Apparatus 9). (10) An insulation holding container to hold a sufficient quantity of insulation to fill the specimen container four times. (11) A garden rake, 50.8 cm (20 in) wide (Apparatus 11). (12) A shovel (Apparatus 12). (b) Conditioning. Specimens shall be conditioned to equilibrium at 215 [deg]C (69.89 [deg]F) and 505 % relative humidity. A less than 1% change in net weight of the specimen in two consecutive weighings with two hours between each weighing constitutes equilibrium. (c) Test specimen preparation--(1) Insulation intended for pneumatic applications. If the insulation is intended for pneumatic applications, the test specimens shall be prepared in the following manner: (i) If ambient laboratory conditions are different from the conditioning requirements specified in (b) above, begin testing the specimen for settled density within 10 minutes after it has been removed from the conditioned area. (ii) Pour the conditioned insulation into the holding box (Apparatus 10) in sufficient quantity to fill the specimen container (Apparatus 1 shown in Figure 1) four times. Manually break up any large clumps of material that might cause feeding problems. (2) Insulation intended for pouring applications. If the insulation is intended for pouring applications, the test specimens shall be prepared in the following manner: [[Page 354]] (i) If ambient laboratory conditions are different from the conditioning requirements specified in (b) above, begin testing 10 minutes after it has been removed from the conditioned area. (ii) Pour loose fill insulation into a simulated attic space until full. The attic space shall be formed by two nominal 2 x 6 (243 cm) (8 ft) long joists placed 40.6 cm (16 in) on center with 1.27 cm (\1/2\ in) plywood nailed to the ends and bottom. Fluff the material with a garden rake (Apparatus 11), applying a series of small amplitude strokes while moving the rake slowly along the joist. Repeat the fluffing process six times. (d) Procedures--(1) Procedures for insulation intended for pneumatic applications. If the insulation is intended for pneumatic applications, conduct the following procedures: (i) The test shall be conducted in an area conditioned to the requirements of Sec. 1209.4(b). (ii) The apparatus shall be set up as shown in Figure 1. (Apparatus 9 and 10 are not shown in Figure 1, but are described at Sec. 1209.4(a)). Connect one end of the supply source hose (Apparatus 8.i) to the intake of the supply blower (Apparatus 4). The other end will be used to pick up insulation from the holding container (Apparatus 10). Connect one end of the cyclone receiver hose (Apparatus 8.ii) to the outlet of the supply blower and the other end to the cyclone receiver (Apparatus 7). Connect one end of the fill chamber exit hose (Apparatus 8.iii) to the intake of the overflow blower (Apparatus 4) and the other end to the fill chamber (Apparatus 6). The fill chamber shall be placed on a flat and level surface. Connect one end of the variable length overflow exhaust hose (Apparatus 8.iv) to the outlet of the overflow blower. The other end should be conveniently placed to reduce insulation dust in the test area. (iii) Weigh the empty insulation specimen container and record its weight. (iv) Place the empty insulation specimen container in the fill chamber (Apparatus 6) centered under the cyclone receiver (Apparatus 7), and close the front cover. (v) Adjust the blower control(s) (Apparatus 9) such that the supply and overflow blowers will operate at a no load voltage of 40 volts RMS. (vi) Turn on the blowers simultaneously and proceed to fill the insulation specimen container by picking up material from the holding container using the supply source hose. (vii) The container may fill unevenly, i.e. a void may tend to form off center in the container. If this occurs, stop the blowing process and rotate the container 180 degrees and continue the blowing process until the container just begins to overflow. If, for any reason, the filling process is interrupted for more than one minute or for more than the one time allowed to rotate the container, begin the process again. (viii) Gently screed the excess material using a straight edge so as to leave a uniform surface of the insulation flush with the top of the container. (ix) Weigh the filled and leveled container and record the weight. Take care not to bump or jar the container so as not to introduce any extraneous settling of the insulation. (x) Cover the container to prevent spilling and secure the container to the shaker. Operate the shaker for a period of 5 minutes15 seconds. (xi) Remove the container from the shaker and uncover, taking care not to bump or jar it. Lower the disc (Apparatus 2) very slowly into the container until it starts to contact the insulation. At this point, release the disc and allow it to settle onto the insulation under its own weight. (xii) Measure the volume of the space occupied by the settled insulation using the bottom edge of the disc as the upper datum point. If the disc is not level, measure the high and low points of the bottom of the disc and average the readings and use this as the height measurement in calculating the volume (Vs). This settled insulation volume and insulation weight (w) shall be used to calculate the settled density. (xiii) Repeat this procedure [steps (i through xi)] using another specimen of the insulation until four settled densities are obtained for a given material. Then average these figures to arrive at a final settled density. [[Page 355]] (2) Procedures for insulation intended for pouring applications. If the insulation is intended for pouring applications, conduct the following procedures: (i) Weigh the empty insulation specimen container and record its weight. (ii) Using a shovel (Apparatus 12) remove insulation from the simulated attic space and place it into the specimen container until the container just begins to overflow. (iii) Follow steps (vi) through (xii) as specified under Procedures for insulation intended for pneumatic applications. (iv) Repeat this procedure (steps (i) through (iii)) using another specimen of the insulation until four settled densities are obtained for a given material. Then average these figures to arrive at a final settled density. (e) Insulation intended for pouring and pneumatic applications. If the insulation is intended for both pouring and pneumatic applications, or if it is uncertain whether the insulation will be poured or installed pneumatically, the insulation shall be tested for settled density using the test specimen preparation and test procedures at Sec. 1209.4 (c) and (d) for each of the applications. The larger of the two settled density values shall be used in performing the corrosiveness test at Sec. 1209.5 and the smoldering combustion test at Sec. 1209.7. (f) Calculations. Calculate the settled density of each specimen using the following formula: Settled Density in kg/m\3\ = W/Vs, where W = combined weight of the container and insulation in grams, minus the weight of the container in grams. Vs = volume of insulation in liters after shaking. Sec. 1209.5 Test procedures for corrosiveness. This section prescribes the procedures for determining the corrosiveness of cellulose insulation. Cellulose insulation shall be tested for corrosiveness using the measured settled density, obtained by following the test procedure at Sec. 1209.4, to calculate the amount of distilled or deionized water to add to the test specimens. Determination of corrosiveness shall be in accordance with the following test procedure: (a) Apparatus and materials--(1) Humidity chamber. A forced-air humidity chamber capable of maintaining 48.91.7 [deg]C (1203 [deg]F) and 97 1.5 percent relative humidity. (2) Crystallizing dishes. Six glass crystallizing dishes, 90 mm (3.54 in) diameter by 50 mm (1.9 in) height. (3) Test coupons. (i) Two aluminum coupons. 3003 bare aluminum, zero temper. (ii) Two copper coupons. ASTM B 152, type ETP, Cabra No. 110 soft copper. (iii) Two steel coupons. Low carbon, commercial quality, cold rolled, less than 30 carbon content, shim steel. Each coupon shall be 50.8 by 50.8 mm (2 by 2 in) by 0.076 mm (0.003 in) thick metal free of tears, punctures, or crimps. (4) Test specimens: Six test specimens of insulation shall be used for one test. Each specimen shall weigh 20g (0.7 oz). (b) Procedure--(1) General procedures for cleaning all metal coupons. The metal coupons shall be cleaned by the following method: (i) At no time during the fabrication, cleaning or testing shall the metal coupons be touched by ungloved hands. (ii) Gloves shall be clean and in good condition. (iii) All chemicals used shall be of American Chemical Society reagent grade or better, free from oily residues and other contaminants. (iv) Water shall be distilled or deionized water. (v) Handle cleaned coupons only with clean forceps. (vi) In order to avoid exposing laboratory personnel to toxic fumes, the commission recommends that all cleaning procedures be performed in a fume hood. (vii) Clean the coupons by vapor degreasing with 1,1,1- trichloroethane for ten minutes. Following vapor degreasing, subject the coupons to caustic and/or detergent washing as appropriate. Following caustic or detergent washing, rinse the coupons in flowing water to remove residues. Inspect each coupon for a water-break free surface. (A water-break is a break, separation, beading or retraction of the water film as the coupon is held [[Page 356]] vertically after wetting. As the coupons are cleaned, the water film should become gradually thinner at the top and heavier at the bottom.) Hot air dry the coupons at 105 [deg]C (221 [deg]F). (2) Specimens of cellulose insulation submitted for testing shall be blown, combed, or otherwise mixed to reasonably assure homogeneity in the cellulose insulation test specimens. (3) Before presaturating each 20g (0.7 oz) test specimen, subdivide it into two 10g (0.35 oz) portions. The quantity of distilled or deionized water to be used for each 10g (0.35 oz) portion shall be determined using the following formula: ml distilled water = 46 / (settled density, Kg/m \3\) x 75 or ml distilled water = 2.9 / (settled density, lb/ft \3\) x 75 (4) Presaturate each 10g (0.35 oz) portion with the determined amount of water. Place one presaturated 10g (0.35 oz) portion into a crystallizing dish, tamp level using the bottom of a clean suitably sized glass beaker. Place a metal coupon onto the presaturated insulation portion and center it in a horizontal plane. Place the other presaturated 10g (0.35 oz) portion into the crystallizing dish on the metal coupon and tamp the composite specimen (metal coupon plus saturated insulation in the crystallizing dish) to assure an even distribution of this material and to assure good contact of the insulation with the metal. Exercise care in preparing the composite specimens to eliminate air pockets from forming next to the metal coupons. (5) Do not cover the crystallizing dish. (Care should be taken to avoid evaporation from the composite specimen while it is being prepared until it is placed in the humidity chamber.) If dripping occurs in the chamber, position a drip guard in the chamber to divert condensation to the chamber floor. Repeat the above for the other metal coupons. Place all six composite specimens into the humidity chamber. The chamber shall be preconditioned to 48.9 1.7 [deg]C (120 3 [deg]F) and 97 1.5 percent relative humidity. The specimens shall remain in the chamber for 336 4 hours. (Keep the chamber door open a minimum of time while placing composite specimens in and removing them from the chamber.) (6) Upon completion of the test disassemble the composite specimens. Thoroughly wash the metal coupons under running water and lightly brush them using a soft nylon bristle brush or equivalent to remove loose corrosion products. Remove the remaining corrosion products from the metal coupons by cleaning them in accordance with the following practices: \1\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ These practices are the recommended practices in ``ASTM G1-- Standard Recommended Practice for Preparing, Cleaning, and Evaluating Corrosion Test Specimens,'' published by American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 19103. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (i) Technique 1--Electrolytic Cleaning. This technique can be used for post-cleaning the tested copper, steel and aluminum coupons. Description: Electrolyze the coupons as follows: Make a solution containing 28 ml of sulfuric acid (specific gravity 1.84), 2 ml of organic inhibitor, e.g. aobut 0.5 g/liter of such inhibitors as diorthotolyl thiourea, quinoline ethiodide, or betanaphthol quinoline may be used, and 970 ml of water. The solution shall be at 75 [deg]C (167 [deg]F). The anode shall be carbon or lead, and the cathode shall be one metal coupon. The electrolyzing shall run for 3 minutes at a current density of 20 A/dm\2\. Caution: If lead anodes are used, lead may deposit on the coupon. If the coupon is resistant to nitric acid, the lead may be removed by a flash dip in 1 + 1 nitric acid (plus water). To avoid injury in this and subsequent techniques when mixing acid and water, gradually pour the acid into the water with continuous stirring, provide cooling if necessary. (ii) Technique 2--Copper. This technique or Technique 1 can be used for post-cleaning the tested copper coupons only. Description: Make a solution containing 500 ml of hydrochloric acid (specific gravity 1.19), 100 ml of sulfuric acid (specific gravity 1.84), and 400 ml of water. To avoid injury, prepare the solution by slowly adding the sulfuric [[Page 357]] acid to the water with continuous stirring. Cool, then add the hydrochloric acid slowly with continuous stirring. The solution shall be at room temperature. Dip the coupons in the solution for 1 to 3 minutes. (iii) Technique 3--Steel. This technique or technique 1 can be used for post-cleaning the tested steel coupons only. Description: Use one of the following two solutions: Solution 1. Add 100 ml of sulfuric acid (specific gravity 1.84), 1.5 ml organic inhibitor, and water to make a l liter solution. The solution shall be 50 [deg]C (120 [deg]F). Dip the coupons in this solution. Solution 2 (also referred to as Clarke's solution). Add 20 g of antimony trioxide and 50 g of stannous chloride to 1 liter of hydrochloric acid (specific gravity 1.19). The solution shall be stirred and be used at room temperature. Dip the coupons in this solution stirring the solution at a rate such that deformation of the coupons does not occur. This dipping shall last for up to 25 minutes. (iv) Technique 4--Aluminum. This technique or technique 1 can be used for post-cleaning the tested aluminum coupons only. Description: Make a 1 liter solution by adding 20g of chromic acid, and 50 ml of phosphoric acid (specific gravity 1.69), to water. The solution shall be 80 [deg]C (176 [deg]F). Dip the coupons in this solution for 5- 10 minutes. If a film remains, dip the coupons in nitric acid (specific gravity 1.42) for 1 minute. Repeat the chromic acid dip. Nitric acid alone may be used if there are no deposits. (7) After cleaning, examine the metal coupons over a 40-W appliance light bulb for perforation. (c) Noncorrosiveness. Noncorrosiveness shall be determined by the absence of any perforations (excluding notches which extend into the coupon 3 mm or less from any edge) on each of the six test coupons when the coupons are observed over a 40-W appliance light bulb. Sec. 1209.6 Test procedures for critical radiant flux. This section provides the test procedure for determining the critical radiant flux of exposed attic floor insulation using a radiant heat energy source. (a) Apparatus and description of test procedure. Test chamber (Figures 3 and 4 paragraph (b) of this section). An air-gas fueled radiant heat energy panel or equivalent panel inclined at 30[deg] above and directed at a horizontally-mounted attic floor insulation specimen. The radiant panel generates a radiant energy flux distribution ranging along the approximately 100-cm length of the test specimen from a nominal maximum of 1.0 W/cm.\2\ to a minimum of 0.1 W/cm\2\. The test is initiated by open flame ignition from a pilot burner. The distance burned to flame-out is converted to W/cm\2\ from the flux profile graph (Figure 8) and reported as critical radiant flux, W/cm\2\. Section 1209.8 provides a procedure for calibrating the radiation pyrometer used to standardize the thermal output of the panel. (b) Construction and instrumentation of the radiant panel test chamber. The radiant panel test chamber shall be constructed and instrumented as follows: (1) The radiant panel test chamber employed for this test shall be located in a draft protected area maintained at 213 [deg]C (69.89 [deg]F) and relative humidity of 5020%. The radiant panel test chamber, (Figures 3 and 4) shall consist of an enclosure 140 cm (55 in) long by 50 cm (19\1/2\ in) deep by 71 cm (28 in) above the test specimen. The sides, ends, and top shall be of 1.3 cm nominal (\1/2\ in) calcium silicate board, such as Marinite I, 0.74 g/cm\3\ (46 lb/ft\3\) nominal density, with a thermal conductivity at 177 [deg]C (350 [deg]F) of 1.11 cal (g)/hr cm\2\ [deg]C/cm [0.89 Btu/(hr) (ft\2\) ([deg]F/in)]. One side shall be provided with an approximately 10 cm x 110 cm (4 x 44 inches) draft tight fire resistant glass window so that the entire length of the test specimen may be observed from ourside the fire test chamber. On the same side and below the observation window is a door which, when open, allows the specimen platform to be moved out for mounting or removal of test specimens. A draft tight, fire resistant observation window may be installed at the low flux end of the chamber. (2) The bottom of the test chamber shall consist of a sliding steel platform [[Page 358]] which has provisions for rigidly securing the test specimen holder in a fixed and level position. The free, or air access, area around the platform shall be in the range of 1935-3225 cm\2\ (300-500 square in). The top of the chamber shall have an exhaust stack with interior dimensions of 10.2 cm (4 in) wide by 38 cm (15 in) deep by 31.8 cm (12.5 in) high at the opposite end of the chamber from the radiant energy source. The radiant heat energy source shall be a panel of porous refractory material mounted in a cast iron frame, with a radiation surface of 30.5 x 45.7 cm nominal (12 by 18 in). The panel fuel system shall consist of a venturi-type aspirator or equivalent system for mixing gas and air at approximately atmospheric pressure, a clean dry air supply capable of providing 28.3 NTP (Normal Temperature and Pressure m\3\ per hr (1000 standard cubic feet per hour) at 7.6 cm (3.0 in) of water, and suitable instrumentation for monitoring and controlling the flow of fuel to the panel. (3) The radiant heat energy panel shall be mounted in the chamber 300.5[deg] to the horizontal specimen plane. The horizontal distance from the 0 mark on the specimen fixture to the bottom edge (projected) of the radiating surface of the panel is 8.9 cm0.1 (3\1/2\\1/32\ in). The panel to specimen vertical distance is 14.0 cm0.1 (5\1/2\\1/32\ in) (see Figure 5). The angle and dimensions given above are critical in order to obtain the required radiant flux. The radiation pyrometer for standardizing the thermal output of the panel shall be suitable for viewing a circular area 25.0 cm (10 in) in diameter at a range of about 1.37 m (54 in). It shall be calibrated over the black body temperature range of 490-510 [deg]C (914- 950 [deg]F) in accordance with the procedure described in Sec. 1209.8. A high impedance voltmeter with a suitable millivolt range shall be used to monitor the output of the radiation pyrometer described. The dummy holder (see Figure 6), shall be constructed from 14 gauge heat-resistant stainless steel (AISI Type 300 (UNA-N08330)) or equivalent thickness 0.198 cm (0.078 in), having overall dimension of 114 cm (45 in) by 32 cm (12\3/4\ in) with a specimen opening of 20 cm (7.9 inches) by 100 cm (39.4 in). Six slots are cut in the flange on either side of the holder to reduce warping. The holder is fastened to the platform with two stud bolts at each end. (4) The specimen tray (see Figure 7) shall be constructed from 14 gauge heat-resistant stainless steel (AISI Type 300 (UNA-N08330)) or equivalent, thickness 0.198 cm (0.078 in). The depth of the tray is 5.00.2 cm (2\5/64\ in). The flanges of the specimen tray are drilled to accommodate two stud bolts at each end; the bottom surface of the flange is 2.10.1 cm (0.830.04 in) below the top edge of the specimen tray. The overall dimensions of the tray and the width of the flanges are not critical and should be chosen so that the tray essentially fills the open space in the sliding platform. Tray must be adequate to contain a specimen at least 100 cm long and 25 cm wide. It is important to note that the zero reference point on the dummy specimen coincides with the pilot burner flame impingement point (see Figure 5). (5) The pilot burner used to ignite the specimen shall be a propane venturi torch with an axially sysmmetric burner tip having a propane supply tube with an orifice diameter of 0.00760.0013 cm (0.0030.0005 in). In operation, the propane flow is adjusted to give a pencil flame blue inner cone length of 1.3 cm (\1/2\ in). The pilot burner is positioned so that the flame generated will impinge on the centerline of the specimen at the zero reference point and at right angles to the specimen length (see Figures 3 and 4). The burner shall be capable of being swung out of the ignition position so that the flame is horizontal and at least 5 cm (2 in) above the specimen plane. (6) Two 3.2 mm nominal (\1/8\ in) diameter stainless steel sheathed, grounded junction chromel alumel thermocouples are located in the flooring radiant panel test chamber (see Figures 3 and 4). Thermocouples shall be kept clean to ensure accuracy of readout. The chamber thermocouple is located in the longitudinal central vertical plane of the chamber 2.5 cm0.1 (1\1/ 32\ in) down from the top and 10.2 cm0.1 (4 in\1/32\) back from the inside of the exhaust stack. The exhaust stack thermocouple is centrally located 15.20.1 cm (6\1/32\ in) from the top. A temperature indicating device with a [[Page 359]] range of 100-500 [deg]C (212-932 [deg]F) may be used to determine the chamber temperatures prior to a test. (7) An exhaust duct with a capacity of 28.3-85 NTP m\3\ per minute (1000-3000 standard cubic feet per minute) decoupled from the chamber stack by at least 7.6 cm (3 in) on all sides and with an effective area of the canopy slightly larger than the plane area of the chamber with the specimen platform in the out position shall be used to remove combustion products from the chamber. With the panel turned on and dummy specimen in place, there shall be no measurable difference in air flow through the chamber stack with the exhaust on or off. (8) The dummy specimen which is used in the flux profile determination shall be made of 1.90.1 cm (\3/ 4\\1/32\ in) 0.74 g/cm\3\ (46 lb/ft\3\) nominal density calcium silicate board, such as Marinite I (see Figure 6). It is 25 cm (10 in) wide by 107 cm (42 in) long with 2.70.1 cm (1\1/16\\1/32\ in) diameter holes centered on and along the centerline at the 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 cm locations (within 0.1 cm), measured from the zero reference point at the maximum flux end of the specimen. The total heat flux transducer used to determine the flux profile of the chamber in conjunction with the dummy specimen should be of the Schmidt-Boelter type, having a range of 0-1.5 W/cm\2\ (0-1.32 Btu/ft\2\ s), and shall be calibrated over the operating flux level range of .10 to 1.5 W/cm\2\ in accordance with the procedure outlined in Sec. 1209.8. The incoming cooling water flowing through the instrument shall be 15-25 [deg]C (59-77 [deg]F). A high impedance voltmeter with a resolution of at least 0.01 mV shall be used to measure the output of the total heat flux transducer during the flux profile determination. A timer shall be used for measuring preheat and pilot contact time. (c) Safety procedures. The possibility of a gas-air fuel explosion in the test chamber should be recognized. Suitable safeguards consistent with sound engineering practice should be installed in the panel fuel supply system. These may include one or more of the following: (1) A gas feed cut-off activated when the air supply fails, (2) A fire sensor directed at the panel surface that stops fuel flow when the panel flame goes out, (3) A commercial gas water heater or gas-fired furnace pilot burner control thermostatic shut-off, which is activated when the gas supply fails, or other suitable and approved device. Manual reset is considered a desirable feature of any safeguard system used. In view of the potential hazard from products of combustion, the exhaust system must be so designed and operated that the laboratory environment is protected from smoke and gas. The operator should be instructed to minimize exposure to combustion products by following sound safety practices, such as ensuring that the exhaust system is working properly and wearing appropriate clothing, including gloves. (d) Test specimens--(1) Specimens of insulation intended for pneumatic applications. (i) Insulation shall be installed into the specimen tray using the blower/cyclone apparatus described in Sec. 1209.4(a). (ii) Insulation shall be conditioned as described in Sec. 1209.4(b). (iii) Apparatus 4, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 shall be used as described in Sec. 1209.4(d)(1)(i) with the following additional requirements. (iv) The fill chamber (apparatus 6) shall be equipped with openings in the front and back so that a radiant panel specimen tray can be slid through the fill chamber. (v) Adjust the blower control(s) (apparatus 9) such that the supply and overflow blowers will operate at a no load voltage of 40 volts RMS. (vi) Turn on the blowers simultaneously and proceed to fill the fill chamber by picking up material from the box using the supply source hose. Large clumps of insulation shall be broken by hand before feeding them into the hose. Continue filling the chamber until large amounts of insulation are being drawn into the overflow hose. (vii) Slowly slide the specimen tray through the fill chamber so that the low flux end of the tray is parallel with the back of the fill chamber filling the tray by sliding the tray forward to [[Page 360]] allow an excess of insulation to build up in the tray. (viii) Shut off the blowers and remove the specimen tray and gently screed the insulation so that the insulation is level across the top of the tray. Take care not to compact the insulation or to leave large voids in the material. The tray may now be inserted into the radiant panel. (2) Specimens of insulation intended for pouring applications. Insulation intended for pouring applications shall be poured into the tray until the tray is overfilled and then carefully screeded to the top of the tray taking care not to compact the insulation or leave large voids in the surface of the material. (3) Specimens of insulation intended for pouring and pneumatic applications. If the insulation is intended for both pouring and pneumatic applications, or if it is uncertain whether the insulation will be poured or blown, the insulation shall be tested using the test procedures at paragraphs (d) (1) and (2) of this section for each of the applications. Three specimens shall be tested under the test procedure for each application. All of the specimens shall meet the criteria at Sec. 1209.3(b) for passing the attic floor radiant panel test. (e) Radiant heat energy flux profile standardization. In a continuing program of tests, determine the flux profile at least once a week. Where the time interval between tests is greater than one week, determine the flux profile at the start of the test series. (1) Mount the dummy specimen in the mounting frame and attach the assembly to the sliding platform. With the sliding platform out of the chamber, ignite the radiant panel. Allow the unit to heat for 1 hour. The pilot burner is off during this determination. Adjust the fuel mixture to give an air-rich flame. Make fuel flow settings to bring the panel to an apparent black body temperature as measured by the radiation pyrometer, of approximately 500 [deg]C (932 [deg]F), and bring the chamber to a temperature of approximately 180 [deg]C (356 [deg]F). When equilibrium has been established, move the specimen platform into the chamber. Allow 0.5 hour for the closed chamber to reach equilibrium. (2) Measure the radiant heat energy flux level at the 40 cm point with the total flux meter instrumentation. This is done by inserting the flux meter in the opening so that its detecting plane is 0.16-0.32 cm (\1/16\-\1/8\ inch) above and parallel to the plane of the dummy specimen and reading its output after 3010 seconds. If the level is within the limits specified, the flux profile determination is started. If it is not, make the necessary adjustments in the panel fuel flow. A suggested flux profile data log format is shown in Figure 9. (3) The test shall be run under chamber operating conditions which give a flux profile as shown in Figure 8. The radiant heat energy incident on the dummy specimen shall be between 0.87 and .95 W/cm\2\ (0.77 and .83 Btu/ft\2\ sec) at the 20 cm point, between 0.48 and 0.52 W/cm\2\ (0.42 and 0.46 Btu/ft\2\ sec) at the 40 cm point, and between 0.22 and 0.26 W/cm\2\ (0.19 and 0.23 Btu/ft\2\ sec) at the 60 cm point. Insert the flux meter in the 10 cm opening, following the procedure given above. Read the millivolt output at 3010 seconds and proceed to the 20 cm point. Repeat the 10 cm procedure. The 30 to 90 cm flux levels are determined in the same manner. Following the 90 cm measurement, make a check reading at 40 cm. If this is within the limits set forth, the test chamber is in calibration, and the profile determination is completed. If not, carefully adjust fuel flow, allow 0.5 hour for equilibrium and repeat the procedure. Plot the radiant heat energy flux data as a function of distance along the specimen plane on rectangular coordinate graph paper. Carefully draw the best smooth curve through the data points. This curve will hereafter be referred to as the flux profile curve. (4) Determine the open chamber apparent black body and chamber temperatures that are identified with the standard flux profile by opening the door and moving the specimen platform out. Allow 0.5 hour for the chamber to reach equilibrium. Read the radiation pyrometer output and record the apparent black body temperature. This is the temperature setting that can be used in subsequent test work in lieu of measuring the radiant flux at 20 cm, 40 cm, and 60 cm using the dummy specimen. The chamber temperature [[Page 361]] also shall be determined again after 0.5 hour and is an added check on operating conditions. (f) Conditioning. Test specimens shall be conditioned to equilibrium at 213 [deg]C (69.85.4 [deg]F) and a relative humidity of 505 percent immediately prior to testing. A less than 1% change in net weight of the specimen in two consecutive weighings with two hours between each weighing constitutes equilibrium. The maximum cumulative time a conditioned sample may be exposed to conditions different from 213 [deg]C (69.85.4 [deg]F) and relative humidity of 505% before insertion in to the radiant panel chamber for testing is 10 minutes. (g) Test Procedure. (1) With the sliding platform out of the chamber, ignite the radiant panel. Allow the unit to heat for 1 hour. It is recommended that a sheet of inorganic millboard be used to cover the opening when the hinged portion of the front panel is open and the specimen platform is moved out of the chamber. The millboard is used to prevent heating of the specimen and to protect the operator. Read the panel apparent black body temperature and the chamber temperature. When these temperatures are in agreement to within 5 [deg]C (9 [deg]F) with those determined previously, during the flux profile standardization procedure, the chamber is ready for use. (2) Mount the specimen tray with insulation on the sliding platform and position with stud bolts (see Figure 9). Ignite the pilot burner, move the specimen into the chamber, and close the door. Start the timer. After 2 minutes 5 seconds preheat, with the pilot burner on and set so that the flame is horizontal and about 5 cm above the specimen, bring the pilot burner flame into contact with the center of the specimen at the 0 mark. Leave the pilot burner flame in contact with the specimen for 2 minutes 5 seconds, or until all flaming other than in the area of the pilot burner has ceased, then remove to a position of at least 5 cm above the specimen and leave burning until the test is terminated. (3) If the specimen does not ignite within 2 minutes following pilot burner flame application, the test is terminated by extinguishing the pilot burner flame. For specimens that do ignite, the test is continued until the flame goes out. When the test is completed, the door is opened, and the specimen platform is pulled out. (4) Measure the distance burned, (the point of farthest advance of the flame front) to the nearest 0.1 cm (.03 in). From the flux profile curve, convert the distance to W/cm\2\ (Btu/ft2sec) critical radiant heat flux at flame out. Read to two significant figures. A suggested data log format is shown in Figure 10. (5) Remove the specimen tray from the moveable platform. The succeeding test can begin as soon as the panel apparent black body temperature and chamber temperature are verified. The specimen tray should be at room temperature before the next specimen is inserted. Sec. 1209.7 Test procedures for smoldering combustion. This section provides the test method for determining smoldering combustion characteristics of materials used for thermal insulation. This test shall be conducted on materials at the measured settled density as provided in Sec. 1209.4. (a) Apparatus. (1) The specimen holder shall be an open-top 200.2 cm (7.87.08 in) square box, 100.2 cm (3.94.08 in) in height, fabricated from a single piece of 0.610.08 mm thick (24 U.S. Standard gauge) stainless steel sheet with the vertical edges of the box overlapped, not to exeed 7 mm (.28 in) in seam width, and soldered so as to be watertight. A removable extension top extending 8.5 cm. above the top of the smolder box shall also be provided. The specimen holder during test use shall rest upon a pad of unfaced glass fiberboard or equivalent having dimensions equal to or greater than those of the bottom of the specimen holder. The unfaced glass fiberboard shall be approximately 2.5 cm (1 in) thick with a thermal conductivity of 0.300.05 cal(g)/hr cm\2\ [deg]C/cm (0.240.04 Btu/hr ft\2\ [deg]F/in) at 23.9 [deg]C (75 [deg]F). (2) Ignition source. The ignition source shall be a cigarette without filter tip made from natural tobacco, 852 mm (3.35.08 in) long with a tobacco packing density of 0.2700.020 g/cm\3\ [[Page 362]] (16.91.25 lb/ft\3\) and a total weight of 1.10.1 gm (0.0390.004 oz). (3) Balance. A balance of 1 kg (2.2 lb) capacity, accurate at least to 0.1 g (0.004 oz), is required. (4) Test area. The test area shall be draft-protected and equipped with a suitable system for exhausting smoke and/or noxious gases produced by testing. Air velocities as measured by a hot wire anemometer in the vicinity of the surface of the specimen shall not exceed 0.5 m/ sec (1.64 ft/sec). The test area shall be at 213 [deg]C (69.85.4 [deg]F) and 505 percent relative humidity at the time the test begins. (b) Test procedure. (1) Specimens and cigarettes shall be conditioned in air at a temperature of 213 [deg]C (69.85.4 [deg]F) and a relative humidity of 505 percent to equilibrium prior to test. A change of less than 1% in net weight of the specimen in two consecutive weighings with two hours between each weighing constitutes equilibrium. Cigarettes shall be removed from any packaging and exposed in a suitable manner to permit free movement of air around them during conditioning. Calculate the weight of material necessary to fill the holder (volume 4,000 cm\3\or 0.14 ft\3\) at the settled density as determined in Sec. 1209.4(e). The material shall be blown, combed, or otherwise mixed to remove lumps and shall be loaded uniformly into each specimen holder, level and flush to the top of the holder. The weight of each specimen shall be measured to the nearest 0.2 g (0.007 oz) or less by weighing the holder before and after filling. If the weight of the specimen is less than that calculated, a removable extension top shall be placed on top of the holder, the necessary amount of insulation is placed inside the extension and the loaded holder shall be dropped from a height no greater than 7.6 cm. (3 in) onto a hard flat surface. This process shall be repeated until the calculated weight of material completely fills the holder. The extension top is then removed. With the specimen in the holder and placed on the insulated pad, a rod of 8 mm (.31 in) diameter with a pointed end shall be inserted vertically into the approximate center of the material being tested and withdrawn to form an appropriate cavity for the ignition source, such that the cigarette fits snugly and maintains uniform contact with the specimen. A well lit cigarette, burned not more than 8 mm (0.31 in), shall be inserted in the formed cavity, with the lit end upward and flush with the specimen surface. Burning of the cigarette and specimen shall be allowed to proceed undisturbed in the test area for at least 2 hours or until the smoldering is no longer progressing, whichever period is longer. (2) After completion of burning and after the holder has cooled down to approximately room temperature, the specimen holder with its material residue shall be weighed, at least to the nearest 0.1 g (0.003 oz), and the percent weight loss of the original specimen calculated. The weight of the cigarette residue is ignored in this calculation. (That is, the weight of the cigarette residue is not subtracted from the net weight of the specimen holder's contends at the conclusion of the test.) (3) Three specimens per sample shall be tested. Sec. 1209.8 Procedure for calibration of radiation instrumentation. This procedure is used to calibrate the radiation instruments used in the test procedures for measuring critical radiant flux. (a) Radition pyrometer. Calibrate the radiation pyrometer by means of a conventional black body enclosure placed within a furnace and maintained at uniform temperatures of 490, 500, and 510 [deg]C (914, 932, and 950 [deg]F). The black body enclosure may consist of a closed chromel metal cylinder with a small sight hole in one end. Sight the radiation pyrometer upon the opposite end of the cylinder where a thermocouple indicates the black body temperature. Place the thermocouple within a drilled hole and in good thermal contact with the black body. When the black body enclosure has reached the appropriate temperature equilibrium, read the output of the radiation pyrometer. Repeat for each temperature. (b) Total heat flux meter. The total flux meter shall be calibrated by the National Bureau of Standards, (direct request for such calibration services to the: Radiometric Physics Division, 534, National Bureau of Standards (NBS), [[Page 363]] Washington, DC 20234.), or, alternatively, its calibration shall be developed by transfer calibration methods with an NBS calibrated flux meter. This latter calibration shall make use of the radiant panel tester as the heat source. Measurements shall be made at each of the nine dummy specimen positions and the mean value of these results shall constitute the final calibration. (c) Recommendation. It is recommended that each laboratory maintain a dedicated calibrated reference flux meter against which one or more working flux meters can be compared as needed. The working flux meters should be calibrated according to this procedure at least once per year. Sec. 1209.9 Labeling requirement. (a) Manufacturers, importers, and private labelers of cellulose insulation shall place on all containers of cellulose insulation the following statement: This product meets the amended CPSC standard for flame resistance and corrosiveness of cellulose insulation. To meet this requirement manufacturers, importers, and private labelers may use any type of label, including one which is pressure sensitive or glued on, provided the label is made in such a manner that it will remain attached to the container for the expected time interval between the manufacture of the product and its installation. (b) This label shall appear prominently and conspicuously on the container in letters which are at least one-fourth inch in height. The labeling statement shall be printed with legible type in a color which contrasts with the background on which the statement is printed. Sec. 1209.10 Certification and enforcement. (a) While this part 1209 prescribes test methods to determine whether cellulose insulation subject to this interim standard meets its requirements, the interim standard itself does not require that a manufacturer or private labeler test any cellulose insulation. However, section 14 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2063) requires manufacturers and private labelers of products subject to safety standards to certify that the product conforms to the standard based on either a test of each product or a reasonable testing program. (Elsewhere in this issue of the Federal Register, 44 FR 39983, the Commission has issued a certification rule that prescribes requirements that manufacturers and private labelers shall follow to certify that their cellulose insulation complies with the requirements of the amended standard.) (b) The Commission intends to use the test procedures set forth in this part 1209 to determine whether insulation subject to the interim standard meets the requirements of the interim standard. Sec. 1209.11 Effective date. All cellulose insulation that is a consumer product and that is manufactured after October 15, 1979 shall meet the requirements of this standard, including the labeling requirement of Sec. 1209.9. [[Page 364]] Sec. Figure 1 to Subpart A of Part 1209--Partial Insulation Preparation Apparatus [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.031 [[Page 365]] Sec. Figure 2 to Subpart A of Part 1209--Cyclone Receiver Weldment [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.032 [[Page 366]] Sec. Figure 3 to Subpart A of Part 1209--Flooring Radiant Tester Schematic Side Elevation [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.033 [[Page 367]] Sec. Figure 4 to Subpart A of Part 1209--Flooring Radiant Panel Tester Schematic Low Flux End, Elevation [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.034 [[Page 368]] Sec. Figure 5 to Subpart A of Part 1209--Zero Reference Point Related to Detecting Plane [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.035 [[Page 369]] Sec. Figure 6 to Subpart A of Part 1209--Dummy Specimen in Specimen Holder [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.036 [[Page 370]] Sec. Figure 7 to Subpart A of Part 1209--Specimen Tray [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.037 [[Page 371]] Sec. Figure 8 to Subpart A of Part 1209--Standard Radiant Heat Energy Flux Profile [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.038 [[Page 372]] Sec. Figure 9 to Subpart A of Part 1209--Flux Profile Data Log Format [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.039 [[Page 373]] Sec. Figure 10 to Subpart A of Part 1209--Insulation Radiant Panel Test Data Log Format [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.040 Subpart B_Certification Authority: Secs. 14, 16; 86 Stat. 1220, 1222; (15 U.S.C. 2063, 2065). Sec. 1209.31 Purpose and applicability. (a) Purpose. The purpose of this subpart B of part 1209 is to establish requirements that manufacturers, importers, and private labelers must follow to certify that their products comply with the Amended Interim Standard for Cellulose Insulation (16 CFR part 1209, subpart A). This subpart B includes requirements for conducting a reasonable testing program, certifying with labels and separate certificates, and recordkeeping. (b) Applicability. (1) Cellulose insulation which is subject to the standard includes all cellulose insulation, manufactured after the effective date (as described in Sec. 1209.41), produced or distributed for sale to, or for the personal use, consumption, or enjoyment of, consumers in or around a permanent or temporary household or residence, a school, in recreation or otherwise. The standard applies to cellulose insulation [[Page 374]] that is produced or distributed for sale to consumers, for their direct installation or use, as well as cellulose insulation that is produced or distributed for installation by professionals. (2) The term cellulose insulation is defined in Sec. 1209.2(a) of the standard to mean cellulosic fiber, loose fill, thermal insulation that is suitable for blowing or pouring applications. Sec. 1209.32 Definitions. In addition to the definitions set forth in section 3 of the act and in Sec. 1209.2 of the standard, the following definitions shall apply to this subpart: Private labeler means an owner of a brand or trademark which is used on the label of cellulose insulation subject to the standard which bears a private label as defined in section 3(a)(7) of the act (15 U.S.C. 2052(a)(7)). Production interval means a time span determined by the manufacturer, private labeler, or importer to be appropriate for conducting a test or series of tests on samples of the cellulose insulation being produced to demonstrate that the product meets the requirements of the standard. An appropriate production interval may vary from test to test. The time period for a production interval shall be short enough to ensure that if the samples selected for testing comply with the standard or a portion of the standard, the insulation produced during the period will meet the standard or the appropriate portion of the standard. Sec. 1209.33 Reasonable testing program. (a) General. Section 14(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2063(a)) requires each manufacturer, importer, or private labeler of a product which is subject to a consumer product safety standard to issue a certificate of compliance with the applicable standard and to base that certificate upon a test of each item or upon a reasonable testing program. Because it is not practical to test each item subject to the standard, a reasonable testing program shall be used to support certificates of compliance for cellulose insulation. (b) Requirements of testing program. A reasonable testing program for cellulose insulation is one which demonstrates with reasonable certainty that insulation certified to comply with the standard will meet all requirements of the standard. Manufacturers, private labelers, and importers shall determine the types and frequency of testing for their own reasonable testing programs. A reasonable testing program may include either the tests prescribed by the standard, or any other reasonable test procedures. However, a reasonable testing program cannot consist of tests which the party issuing the certificate of compliance knows (or through the exercise of reasonable diligence should know) will pass or accept insulation which will yield failing results when subjected to any of the tests in the standard. All reasonable testing programs shall consist of four elements: (1) Qualification tests which must be performed on samples of the manufacturer's cellulose insulation to demonstrate that the product is capable of passing the tests prescribed by the standard. (2) A description of the cellulose insulation which passed the qualification testing. This description is known as the ``product specification.'' (3) Production tests, which must be performed at appropriate production intervals as long as the cellulose insulation is being manufactured. (4) Corrective action, which must be taken whenever samples of the cellulose insulation yield unacceptable or failing test results. (c) Commission testing. The Commission will test for compliance with the standard by using the test procedures contained in the standard, and will base enforcement actions for violation of the standard on the results of such testing. (d) Testing by third parties. At the option of the manufacturer, importer, or private labeler, some or all of the testing for the reasonable testing program may be performed by a commercial testing laboratory. However, the manufacturer, importer, or private labeler is responsible for ensuring that all testing used to support the certificate of compliance has been properly performed with passing or acceptable results and for maintaining all records of [[Page 375]] such tests in accordance with Sec. 1209.38 below. Sec. 1209.34 Qualification testing. (a) Requirement. Before any manufacturer, importer, or private labeler begins distribution in commerce of cellulose insulation which is subject to the standard, samples of the insulation shall be tested for compliance with the standard. Manufacturers, importers, and private labelers shall determine the types of tests for qualification testing. (b) Timing, Sampling. Any or all of the qualification testing required by this Sec. 1209.34 may be performed before the effective date of the standard. Manufacturers, private labelers, or importers may select samples for qualification testing of a product in any manner they desire. Sec. 1209.35 Product specification. (a) Requirement. Before any manufacturer, importer, or private labeler distributes in commerce cellulose insulation which is subject to the standard, it shall ensure that the insulation is described in a written product specification. (b) Contents of specification. The product specification shall include the following information: (1) A description of the equipment used to manufacture the insulation, including the model number and names of the equipment manufacturers, and details of any modification made to any item of equipment. (2) A description of the cellulosic stock material used to manufacture the insulation, identifying the extent of impurities allowed. (3) The formulation of the fire-retardant chemicals added, including their chemical constituents and their form (for example, granulated, powdered, or liquid); the amount of fire-retardant chemicals present in the finished insulation, expressed as a percentage of the total weight of chemicals and cellulosic stock; the average weight of chemicals per bag; and the name and address of each chemical supplier. Where the chemical composition or formula of a commercially pre-mixed fire retardant is not known to the insulation manufacturer, the pre-mixed fire retardant may be described simply by the name and address of the supplier and its brand or trade name. (4) A description of the tests which were used to qualify the product as well as the dates of performance and results and actual values, where applicable, of the tests. (5) Any other information necessary to describe the insulation. (c) Distribution in commerce. After the qualification testing required by Sec. 1209.34 has been completed with acceptable results and the product specification required by this Sec. 1209.35 has been recorded, the cellulose insulation may be manufactured and distributed in commerce, subject to the provisions of Sec. 1209.36. (d) New product. Whenever a manufacturer, private labeler, or importer makes any change to any item of equipment, cellulosic stock material, or formulation of a fire-retardant chemical, or any other factor which is likely to affect the ability of the cellulose insulation to meet the standard, that change will result in a new cellulose insulation product, requiring the preparation of a new product specification. The new product must be subjected to qualification tests and must yield passing or acceptable results. Sec. 1209.36 Production testing. (a) General. Manufacturers, private labelers, and importers shall test the cellulose insulation periodically as it is manufactured to demonstrate that the product being manufactured is substantially similar to the product which passed the qualification testing and to demonstrate that the product being manufactured meets the requirements of the standard. (b) Types and frequency of testing. Manufacturers, private labelers, and importers shall determine the types of tests for production testing. Each production test shall be conducted at a production interval short enough to ensure that if the samples selected for testing meet the standard or a portion of the standard, the insulation produced during the interval will also meet the standard or the appropriate portion of the standard. (c) Test failure. If any test yields failing results, production must cease and [[Page 376]] the faulty manufacturing process must be corrected (see Sec. 1209.37). In addition, the material from which the samples were taken may not be distributed in commerce unless the material can be corrected (see Sec. 1209.37) so as to yield passing results and meet the standard. Cellulose insulation that does not comply with the standard cannot be sold or offered for sale. Sec. 1209.37 Corrective actions. (a) Test failure. When any test required by Sec. 1209.36 yields failing or unacceptable results, corrective action must be taken. Corrective action includes changes to the manufacturing process as well as reworking the insulation product itself. Corrective action may consist of equipment adjustment, equipment repair, equipment replacement, change in chemical formulation, change in chemical quantity, change in cellulosic stock, or other action deemed appropriate by the manufacturer, private labeler or importer to achieve passing or acceptable test results. (b) New product. If any corrective action required by this Sec. 1209.37 results in a change in the product specification and a new cellulose insulation product (see Sec. 1209.34(b)), the product specification for the new product must be recorded in accordance with Sec. 1209.35, and qualification tests must be performed with passing or acceptable results in accordance with Sec. 1209.34, before the new product is distributed in commerce. Sec. 1209.38 Records. (a) Establishment and maintenance. Each manufacturer, importer, and private labeler of cellulose insulation subject to the standard shall establish and maintain the following records which shall be available to any designated officer or employee of the Commission upon request in accordance with section 16(b) of the act (15 U.S.C. 2965(b)): (1) A record of each product specification containing all information required by Sec. 1209.35. (This includes information concerning the types of qualification tests as well as the results from these tests.) (2) Records to demonstrate compliance with the requirements for production testing in Sec. 1209.36, including a description of the types of production tests conducted and the production interval selected for performance of each production test. (3) Records of all corrective actions taken in accordance with Sec. 1209.37, including the specific action taken, the date the action was taken, and the test failure which necessitated the action. Records of corrective action must relate the corrective action taken to the product specification of the insulation product which was the subject of that corrective action, and the product specification of any new product which results from any corrective action. (4) Records indicating exactly which insulation material is covered by each certificate of compliance issued. (b) Retention--(1) Product specification. The records of each product specification shall be retained for as long as the cellulose insulation covered by that specification is manufactured and for a period of two (2) years thereafter. (2) Other records. Records of production testing, corrective actions taken, and certificates issued shall be maintained for a period of two (2) years. (c) Confidentiality. Requests for confidentiality of records provided to the Commission will be handled in accordance with section 6(a)(2) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2055(a)(2)), the Freedom of Information Act as amended (5 U.S.C. 552), and the Commission's regulations under that act (16 CFR part 1015, February 22, 1977). Sec. 1209.39 Certification of compliance. (a)(1) Responsibilities of manufacturer for insulation sold in bags. Manufacturers of cellulose insulation subject to the standard which is sold in bags or other containers shall certify compliance with the standard by marking each bag or container with the following information: (i) The statement ``This product meets the amended CPSC standard for flame resistance and corrosiveness of cellulose insulation.'' (This statement is the same statement provided in Sec. 1209.9 of the standard; it need not appear twice on the bag or container.) (ii) The name of the manufacturer, private labeler, or importer issuing the [[Page 377]] certificate of compliance. See paragraphs (b) and (c), below. (iii) The date of manufacture by day, month, and year. (iv) The place of manufacture, by city, state, and zip code, or in the case of products manufactured outside the United States, by city and country. The information required by this Sec. 1209.39(a) may appear anywhere on the bag or container. The information required need not appear at the same place on the bag or container. The information shall be permanent until the bag or container is opened and used. The information shall be conspicuous and must appear in letters and figures at least \1/4\ inch in height. The date and place of manufacture may be in code, provided the person or firm issuing the certificate maintains a written record of the meaning of the code that can be made available to consumers, persons in the chain of distribution, and the Commission upon request. (2) Insulation not sold in bags or containers. The manufacturer of cellulose insulation subject to the standard which is not sold in bags or other containers shall certify compliance with the standard by accompanying each shipment or delivery of the product, with a document such as an invoice, bill, statement, or separate document, which states the following: ``This product meets the amended CPSC standard for flame resistance and corrosiveness of cellulose insulation. This material was manufactured on (insert day, month, and year of manufacture) at (insert city, state, and zip code, or in the case of insulation manufactured outside the United States, city and country).'' The certificate of compliance must also contain the name of the manufacturer, private labeler, or importer issuing the certificate. See paragraphs (b) and (c), below. The certificate of compliance must appear in letters and figures which are conspicuous and legible. The date and place of manufacture may be in code, provided the person or firm issuing the certificate maintains a written record of the meaning of the code that can be made available to consumers, persons in the chain of distribution, and the Commission upon request. (b) Responsibilities of private labelers. A private labeler who distributes a product subject to the standard which is manufactured by another person or firm but which is sold under the private labeler's name, brand, or trademark must issue the certificate of compliance required by section 14 of the Consumer Product Safety Act and this section. If the testing required by this subpart has been performed by or for the manufacturer of the product, the private labeler may rely on any such tests to support the certificate of compliance if the records of such tests are maintained in accordance with Sec. 1209.38, above. The private labeler is responsible for ensuring that all testing used to support the certificate of compliance has been performed properly with passing or acceptable results, and that all records of such tests are accurate and complete. (c) Responsibilities of importers. The importer of any product subject to the standard must issue the certificate of compliance required by section 14(a) of the act and this Sec. 1209.39. If the testing required by this subpart B of part 1209 has been performed by or for the foreign manufacturer of the product, the importer may rely on any such tests to support the certificate of compliance if the importer is a resident of the U.S. or has a resident agent in the U.S. and the records are maintained in the U.S. in accordance with Sec. 1209.38 above. The importer is responsible for ensuring that all testing used to support the certificate of compliance has been performed properly with passing or acceptable results, and that all records of such tests are accurate and complete. Sec. 1209.40 Certification responsibility, multiple parties. If there is more than one party (i.e., manufacturer, private labeler, or importer) otherwise subject to the requirements of this subpart B of part 1209 for certain cellulose insulation, only the party closest to the consumer in the distribution chain is required to issue a certificate. Sec. 1209.41 Effective date. The requirements of this subpart B of part 1209 shall become effective on October 16, 1979. Any cellulose insulation [[Page 378]] manufactured after October 15, 1979 must be certified as complying with the standard. Cellulose insulation which is sold in bags or other containers is ``manufactured'' when the insulation is packaged in the bag or other container in which it will be sold. Insulation which is not sold in bags or containers is ``manufactured'' when the insulation leaves the manufacturing site to be sold. PART 1210_SAFETY STANDARD FOR CIGARETTE LIGHTERS--Table of Contents Subpart A_Requirements for Child Resistance Sec. 1210.1 Scope, application, and effective date. 1210.2 Definitions. 1210.3 Requirements for cigarette lighters. 1210.4 Test protocol. 1210.5 Findings. Subpart B_Certification Requirements 1210.11 General. 1210.12 Certificate of compliance. 1210.13 Certification tests. 1210.14 Qualification testing. 1210.15 Specifications. 1210.16 Production testing. 1210.17 Recordkeeping and reporting. 1210.18 Refusal of importation. Subpart C_Stockpiling 1210.20 Stockpiling. Source: 58 FR 37584, July 12, 1993, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_Requirements for Child Resistance Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2056, 2058, 2079(d). Sec. 1210.1 Scope, application, and effective date. This part 1210, a consumer product safety standard, prescribes requirements for disposable and novelty lighters. These requirements are intended to make the lighters subject to the standard's provisions resistant to successful operation by children younger than 5 years of age. This standard applies to all disposable and novelty lighters, as defined in Sec. 1210.2, that are manufactured or imported after July 12, 1994. Sec. 1210.2 Definitions. As used in this part 1210: (a) Cigarette lighter. See Lighter. (b) Disposable lighter--means a lighter that either is: (1) Not refillable with fuel or (2)(i) Its fuel is butane, isobutane, propane, or other liquified hydrocarbon, or a mixture containing any of these, whose vapor pressure at 75 [deg]F (24 [deg]C) exceeds a gage pressure of 15 psi (103 kPa), and (ii) It has a Customs Valuation or ex-factory price under $2.00, as adjusted every 5 years, to the nearest $0.25, in accordance with the percentage changes in the appropriate monthly Producer Price Index (Producer Price Index for Miscellaneous Fabricated Products) from June 1993. The adjusted figure, based on the change in that Index since June 1993, is $2.75. (c) Lighter, also referred to as cigarette lighter, means a flame- producing product commonly used by consumers to ignite cigarettes, cigars, and pipes, although they may be used to ignite other materials. This term does not include matches or any other lighting device intended primarily for igniting materials other than smoking materials, such as fuel for fireplaces or for charcoal or gas-fired grills. When used in this part 1210, the term lighter includes only the disposable and novelty lighters to which this regulation applies. (d) Novelty lighter means a lighter that has entertaining audio or visual effects, or that depicts (logos, decals, art work, etc.) or resembles in physical form or function articles commonly recognized as appealing to or intended for use by children under 5 years of age. This includes, but is not limited to, lighters that depict or resemble cartoon characters, toys, guns, watches, musical instruments, vehicles, toy animals, food or beverages, or that play musical notes or have flashing lights or other entertaining features. A novelty lighter may operate on any fuel, including butane or liquid fuel. (e) Successful operation means one signal of any duration from a surrogate lighter within either of the two 5-minute test periods specified in Sec. 1210.4(f). [[Page 379]] (f) Surrogate lighter means a device that: approximates the appearance, size, shape, and weight of, and is identical in all other factors that affect child resistance (including operation and the force(s) required for operation), within reasonable manufacturing tolerances, to, a lighter intended for use by consumers; has no fuel; does not produce a flame; and produces an audible or visual signal that will be clearly discernible when the surrogate lighter is activated in each manner that would normally produce a flame in a production lighter. (This definition does not require a lighter to be modified with electronics or the like to produce a signal. Manufacturers may use a lighter without fuel as a surrogate lighter if a distinct signal such as a ``click'' can be heard clearly when the mechanism is operated in each manner that would produce a flame in a production lighter and if a flame cannot be produced in a production lighter without the signal. But see Sec. 1210.4(f)(1).) (g) Model means one or more cigarette lighters from the same manufacturer or importer that do not differ in design or other characteristics in any manner that may affect child-resistance. Lighter characteristics that may affect child-resistance include, but are not limited to, size, shape, case material, and ignition mechanism (including child-resistant features). [58 FR 37584, July 12, 1993, as amended at 69 FR 19763, Apr. 14, 2004; 78 FR 52679, Aug. 26, 2013; 83 FR 62241, Dec. 3, 2018] Sec. 1210.3 Requirements for cigarette lighters. (a) A lighter subject to this part 1210 shall be resistant to successful operation by at least 85 percent of the child-test panel when tested in the manner prescribed by Sec. 1210.4. (b) The mechanism or system of a lighter subject to this part 1210 that makes the product resist successful operation by children must: (1) Reset itself automatically after each operation of the ignition mechanism of the lighter, (2) Not impair safe operation of the lighter when used in a normal and convenient manner, (3) Be effective for the reasonably expected life of the lighter, and (4) Not be easily overriden or deactivated. Sec. 1210.4 Test protocol. (a) Child test panel. (1) The test to determine if a lighter is resistant to successful operation by children uses a panel of children to test a surrogate lighter representing the production lighter intended for use. Written informed consent shall be obtained from a parent or legal guardian of a child before the child participates in the test. (2) The test shall be conducted using at least one, but no more than two, 100-child test panels in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1210.4(f). (3) The children for the test panel shall live within the United States. (4) The age and sex distribution of each 100-child panel shall be: (i) 30 + or- 2 children (20 + or- 1 males; 10 + or- 1 females) 42 through 44 months old; (ii) 40 + or- 2 children (26 + or- 1 males; 14 + or- 1 females) 45 through 48 months old; (iii) 30 + or- 2 children (20 + or- 1 males; 10 + or- 1 females) 49 through 51 months old. Note: To calculate a child's age in months: 1. Subtract the child's birth date from the test date. Month Day Year Test Date 8 3 94 Birth Date 6 23 90 -------------------------- Difference 2 -20 4 2. Multiply the difference in years by 12 months. 4 years x 12 months = 48 months. 3. Add the difference in months. 48 months + 2 months = 50 months. 4. If the difference in days is greater than 15 (e.g. 16, 17), add 1 month. If the difference in days is less than -15 (e.g., -16, -17) subtract 1 month. 50 months - 1 month = 49 months. If the difference in days is between -15 and 15 (e.g., -15, -14, ... 14, 15), do not add or subtract 1 month. (5) No child with a permanent or temporary illness, injury, or handicap that would interfere with the child's ability to operate the surrogate lighter shall be selected for participation. [[Page 380]] (6) Two children at a time shall participate in testing of surrogate lighters. Extra children whose results will not be counted in the test may be used if necessary to provide the required partner for test subjects, if the extra children are within the required age range and a parent or guardian of each such child has signed a consent form. (7) No child shall participate in more than one test panel or test more than one surrogate lighter. No child shall participate in both child-resistant package testing and surrogate lighter testing on the same day. (b) Test sites, environment, and adult testers. (1) Surrogate lighters shall be tested within the United States at 5 or more test sites throughout the geographical area for each 100-child panel if the sites are the customary nursery schools or day care centers of the participating children. No more than 20 children shall be tested at each site. In the alternative, surrogate lighters may be tested within the United States at one or more central locations, provided the participating children are drawn from a variety of locations within the geographical area. (2) Testing of surrogate lighters shall be conducted in a room that is familiar to the children on the test panel (for example, a room the children frequent at their customary nursery school or day care center). If the testing is conducted in a room that initially is unfamiliar to the children (for example, a room at a central location), the tester shall allow at least 5 minutes for the children to become accustomed to the new environment before starting the test. The area in which the testing is conducted shall be well-lighted and isolated from distractions. The children shall be allowed freedom of movement to work with their surrogate lighters, as long as the tester can watch both children at the same time. Two children at a time shall participate in testing of surrogate lighters. The children shall be seated side by side in chairs approximately 6 inches apart, across a table from the tester. The table shall be normal table height for the children, so that they can sit up at the table with their legs underneath and so that their arms will be at a comfortable height when on top of the table. The children's chairs shall be ``child-size.'' (3) Each tester shall be at least 18 years old. Five or 6 adult testers shall be used for each 100-child test panel. Each tester shall test an approximately equal number of children from a 100-child test panel (20 + or- 2 children each for 5 testers and 17 + or- 2 children each for 6 testers). Note: When a test is initiated with five testers and one tester drops out, a sixth tester may be added to complete the testing. When a test is initiated with six testers and one tester drops out, the test shall be completed using the five remaining testers. When a tester drops out, the requirement for each tester to test an approximately equal number of children does not apply to that tester. When testing is initiated with five testers, no tester shall test more than 19 children until it is certain that the test can be completed with five testers. (c) Surrogate lighters. (1) Six surrogate lighters shall be used for each 100-child panel. The six lighters shall represent the range of forces required for operation of lighters intended for use. All surrogate lighters shall be the same color. The surrogate lighters shall be labeled with sequential numbers beginning with the number one. The same six surrogate lighters shall be used for the entire 100-child panel. The surrogate lighters may be used in more than one 100-child panel test. The surrogate lighters shall not be damaged or jarred during storage or transportation. The surrogate lighters shall not be exposed to extreme heat or cold. The surrogate lighters shall be tested at room temperature. No surrogate lighter shall be left unattended. (2) Each surrogate lighter shall be tested by an approximately equal number of children in a 100-child test panel (17 + or- 2 children). Note: If a surrogate lighter is permanently damaged, testing shall continue with the remaining lighters. When a lighter is dropped out, the requirement that each lighter be tested by an approximately equal number of children does not apply to that lighter. (3) Before each 100-child panel is tested, each surrogate lighter shall be examined to verify that it approximates the appearance, size, shape, and weight of a production lighter intended for use. [[Page 381]] (4) Before and after each 100-child panel is tested, force measurements shall be taken on all operating components that could affect child resistance to verify that they are within reasonable operating tolerances for a production lighter intended for use. (5) Before and after testing surrogate lighters with each child, each surrogate lighter shall be operated outside the presence of any child participating in the test to verify that the lighters produce a signal. If the surrogate lighter will not produce a signal before the test, it shall be repaired before it is used in testing. If the surrogate lighter does not produce a signal when it is operated after the test, the results for the preceding test with that lighter shall be eliminated. The lighter shall be repaired and tested with another eligible child (as one of a pair of children) to complete the test panel. (d) Encouragement. (1) Prior to the test, the tester shall talk to the children in a normal and friendly tone to make them feel at ease and to gain their confidence. (2) The tester shall tell the children that he or she needs their help for a special job. The children shall not be promised a reward of any kind for participating, and shall not be told that the test is a game or contest or that it is fun. (3) The tester shall not discourage a child from attempting to operate the surrogate lighter at any time unless a child is in danger of hurting himself or another child. The tester shall not discuss the dangers of lighters or matches with the children to be tested prior to the end of the 10-minute test. (4) Whenever a child has stopped attempting to operate the surrogate lighter for a period of approximately one minute, the tester shall encourage the child to try by saying ``keep trying for just a little longer.'' (5) Whenever a child says that his or her parent, grandparent, guardian, etc., said never to touch lighters, say ``that's right -- never touch a real lighter -- but your [parent, etc.] said it was OK for you to try to make a noise with this special lighter because it can't hurt you.'' (6) The children in a pair being tested may encourage each other to operate the surrogate lighter and may tell or show each other how to operate it. (This interaction is not considered to be disruption as described in paragraph (e)(2) below.) However, neither child shall be allowed to operate the other child's lighter. If one child takes the other child's surrogate lighter, that surrogate lighter shall be immediately returned to the proper child. If this occurs, the tester shall say ``No. He(she) has to try to do it himself(herself).'' (e) Children who refuse to participate. (1) If a child becomes upset or afraid, and cannot be reassured before the test starts, select another eligible child for participation in that pair. (2) If a child disrupts the participation of another child for more than one minute during the test, the test shall be stopped and both children eliminated from the results. An explanation shall be recorded on the data collection record. These two children should be replaced with other eligible children to complete the test panel. (3) If a child is not disruptive but refuses to attempt to operate the surrogate lighter throughout the entire test period, that child shall be eliminated from the test results and an explanation shall be recorded on the data collection record. The child shall be replaced with another eligible child (as one of a pair of children) to complete the test panel. (f) Test procedure. (1) To begin the test, the tester shall say ``I have a special lighter that will not make a flame. It makes a noise like this.'' Except where doing so would block the child's view of a visual signal, the adult tester shall place a 8\1/2\ by 11 inch sheet of cardboard or other rigid opaque material upright on the table in front of the surrogate lighter, so that the surrogate lighter cannot be seen by the child, and shall operate the surrogate lighter once to produce its signal. The tester shall say ``Your parents [or other guardian, if applicable] said it is OK for you to try to make that noise with your lighter.'' The tester shall place a surrogate lighter in each child's hand and say ``now you try to make a noise with your lighter. Keep trying until I tell you to stop.'' (2) The adult tester shall observe the children for 5 minutes to determine if [[Page 382]] either or both of the children can successfully operate the surrogate lighter by producing one signal of any duration. If a child achieves a spark without defeating the child-resistant feature, say ``that's a spark -- it won't hurt you -- try to make the noise with your lighter.'' If any child successfully operates the surrogate lighter during this period, the surrogate lighter shall be taken from that child and the child shall not be asked to try to operate the lighter again. The tester shall ask the successful child to remain until the other child is finished. (3) If either or both of the children are unable to successfully operate the surrogate lighter during the 5-minute period specified in Sec. 1210.4(f)(2), the adult tester shall demonstrate the operation of the surrogate lighter. To conduct the demonstration, secure the children's full attention by saying ``Okay, give me your lighters now.'' Take the lighters and place them on the table in front of you out of the children's reach. Then say, ``I'll show you how to make the noise with your lighters. First I'll show you with (child's name)'s lighter and then I'll show you with (child's name)'s lighter.'' Pick up the first child's lighter. Hold the lighter approximately two feet in front of the children at their eye level. Hold the lighter in a vertical position in one hand with the child-resistant feature exposed (not covered by fingers, thumb, etc.) Orient the child-resistant mechanism on the lighter toward the children. (This may require a change in your orientation to the children such as sitting sideways in the chair to allow a normal hand position for holding the lighter while assuring that both children have a clear view of the mechanism. You may also need to reposition your chair so your hand is centered between the children.) Say ``now watch the lighter.'' Look at each child to verify that they are looking at the lighter. Operate the lighter one time in a normal manner according to the manufacturer's instructions. Do not exaggerate operating movements. Do not verbally describe the lighter's operation. Place the first child's lighter back on the table in front of you and pick up the second child's lighter. Say, ``Okay, now watch this lighter.'' Repeat the demonstration as described above using the second child's lighter. Note: Testers shall be trained to conduct the demonstration in a uniform manner, including the words spoken to the children, the way the lighter is held and operated, and how the tester's hand and body is oriented to the children. All testers must be able to operate the surrogate lighters using only appropriate operating movements in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. If any of these requirements are not met during the demonstration for any pair of children, the results for that pair of children shall be eliminated from the test. Another pair of eligible children shall be used to complete the test panel. (4) Each child who fails to successfully operate the surrogate lighter in the first 5 minutes is then given another 5 minutes in which to attempt the successful operation of the surrogate lighter. After the demonstrations give their original lighters back to the children by placing a lighter in each child's hand. Say ``Okay, now you try to make the noise with your lighters - keep trying until I tell you to stop.'' If any child successfully operates the surrogate lighter during this period, the surrogate lighter shall be taken from that child and the child shall not be asked to try to operate the lighter again. The tester shall ask the successful child to remain until the other child is finished. (5) At the end of the second 5-minute test period, take the surrogate lighter from any child who has not successfully operated it. (6) After the test is over, ask the children to stand next to you. Look at the children's faces and say: ``These are special lighters that don't make fire. Real lighters can burn you. Will you both promise me that you'll never try to work a real lighter?'' Wait for an affirmative response from each child; then thank the children for helping. (7) Escort the children out of the room used for testing. (8) After a child has participated in the testing of a surrogate lighter, and on the same day, provide written notice of that fact to the child's parent or guardian. This notification may be in the form of a letter provided to the school to be given to the parents or [[Page 383]] guardian of each child. The notification shall state that the child participated, shall ask the parent or guardian to warn the child not to play with lighters, and shall remind the parent or guardian to keep all lighters and matches, whether child resistant or not, out of the reach of children. For children who operated the surrogate lighter, the notification shall state that the child was able to operate the child- resistant lighter. For children who do not defeat the child-resistant feature, the notification shall state that, although the child did not defeat the child-resistant feature, the child may be able to do so in the future. (g) Data collection and recording. Except for recording the times required for the children to activate the signal, recording of data should be avoided while the children are trying to operate the lighters, so that the tester's full attention is on the children during the test period. If actual testing is videotaped, the camera shall be stationary and shall be operated remotely in order to avoid distracting the children. Any photographs shall be taken after actual testing and shall simulate actual test procedure(s) (for example, the demonstration). The following data shall be collected and recorded for each child in the 100-child test panel: (1) Sex (male or female). (2) Date of birth (month, day, year). (3) Age (in months, to the nearest month, as specified in Sec. 1210.4(a)(4)). (4) The number of the lighter tested by that child. (5) Date of participation in the test (month, day, year). (6) Location where the test was given (city, state, country, and the name of the site or an unique number or letter code that identifies the test site). (7) The name of the tester who conducted the test. (8) The elapsed time (to the nearest second) at which the child achieved any operation of the surrogate signal in the first 5-minute test period. (9) The elapsed time (to the nearest second) at which the child achieved any operation of the surrogate signal in the second 5-minute test period. (10) For a single pair of children from each 100-child test panel, photograph(s) or video tape to show how the lighter was held in the tester's hand, and the orientation of the tester's body and hand to the children, during the demonstration. (h) Evaluation of test results and acceptance criterion. To determine whether a surrogate lighter resists operation by at least 85 percent of the children, sequential panels of 100 children each, up to a maximum of 2 panels, shall be tested as prescribed below. (1) If no more than 10 children in the first 100-child test panel successfully operated the surrogate lighter, the lighter represented by the surrogate lighter shall be considered to be resistant to successful operation by at least 85 percent of the child test panel, and no further testing is conducted. If 11 through 18 children in the first 100-child test panel successfully operate the surrogate lighter, the test results are inconclusive, and the surrogate lighter shall be tested with a second 100-child test panel in accordance with this Sec. 1210.4. If 19 or more of the children in the first 100-child test panel successfully operated the surrogate lighter, the lighter represented by the surrogate shall be considered not resistant to successful operation by at least 85 percent of the child test panel, and no further testing is conducted. (2) If additional testing of the surrogate lighter is required by Sec. 1210.4(h)(1), conduct the test specified by this Sec. 1210.4 using a second 100-child test panel and record the results. If a total of no more than 30 of the children in the combined first and second 100- child test panels successfully operated the surrogate lighter, the lighter represented by the surrogate lighter shall be considered resistant to successful operation by at least 85 percent of the child test panel, and no further testing is performed. If a total of 31 or more children in the combined first and second 100-child test panels successfully operate the surrogate lighter, the lighter represented by the surrogate lighter shall be considered not resistant to successful operation by 85 percent of the child test panel, and no further testing is conducted. [[Page 384]] Table 1--Evaluation of Test Results--Sec. 1210.4(e) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Cumulative Successful Lighter Operations Test Number of ------------------------------------------------- panel Children Pass Continue Fail ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1 100 0-10 11-18 19 or more 1 200 11-30 -- 31 or more ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sec. 1210.5 Findings. Section 9(f) of the Consumer Product Safety Act, 15 U.S.C. 2058(f), requires the Commission to make findings concerning the following topics and to include the findings in the rule. (a) The degree and nature of the risk of injury the rule is designed to eliminate or reduce. The standard is designed to reduce the risk of death and injury from accidental fires started by children playing with lighters. From 1988 to 1990, an estimated 160 deaths per year resulted from such fires. About 150 of these deaths, plus nearly 1,100 injuries and nearly $70 million in property damage, resulted from fires started by children under the age of 5. Fire-related injuries include thermal burns -- many of high severity -- as well as anoxia and other, less serious injuries. The annual cost of such fires to the public is estimated at about $385 million (in 1990 dollars). Fires started by young children (under age 5) are those which the standard would be most effective at reducing. (b) The approximate number of consumer products, or types or classes thereof, subject to the rule. The standard covers certain flame- producing devices, commonly known as lighters, which are primarily intended for use in lighting cigarettes and other smoking materials. Lighters may be gas- or liquid-fueled, mechanical or electric, and of various physical configurations. Over 600 million lighters are sold annually to consumers in the U.S.; over 100 million are estimated to be in use at any given time. Over 95 percent of all lighters sold are pocket-sized disposable butane models; of the remaining 5 percent, most are pocket refillable butane models. A small proportion of refillables is comprised of pocket liquid-fuel models; still smaller proportions are represented by table lighters and by ``novelty'' lighters, that is, those having the physical appearance of other specific objects. Approximately 600 million pocket butane disposables (nonrefillable), 15- 20 million pocket butane refillables, 5-10 million pocket liquid-fuel refillables, and 1-3 million novelty and other lighters were sold to consumers in 1991. The standard covers disposable lighters, including inexpensive butane refillables, and novelty lighters. Roughly 30 million households have at least one lighter; ownership of more than one lighter is typical, especially among smoking households. (c) The need of the public for the consumer products subject to the rule, and the probable effect of the rule on the utility, cost, or availability of such products to meet such need. Consumers use lighters primarily to light smoking materials. Most other lighting needs that could be filled by matches may also be filled by lighters. Disposable butane lighters are, chiefly by virtue of their low price and convenience, the closest available substitutes for matches. Although matches are found in far more households, lighters have steadily replaced matches since the 1960's as the primary light source among American consumers. The standard generally requires that lighters not be operable by most children under 52 months of age. This would likely be achieved by modifying products to incorporate additional-action switches, levers, or buttons, thereby increasing the difficulty of product activation. Depending on the method of compliance chosen by manufacturers, there could be some adverse effect on the utility of lighters. This may occur to the extent that operation of the products by adult users is made more difficult by the incorporation of child- resistant features. This may lead some consumers to switch to matches, at least temporarily, which could reduce the expected level of safety provided by the standard. In addition, some ``novelty'' lighters will probably be discontinued, due to the technical difficulty of incorporating child-resistant features or designs. Some loss of utility derived from those products by collectors or other users [[Page 385]] may result, though many novelty models will probably remain on the market. The cost of producing lighters subject to the standard is expected to increase due to manufacturers' and importers' expenditures in the areas of research and development, product redesign, tooling and assembly process changes, certification and testing, and other administrative activities. Total per-unit production costs for the various lighter types may increase by 10-40 percent, with an average of less than 20 percent. Cost increases will likely be passed on to consumers in the form of higher retail prices. Disposable lighters may increase in price by 10-40 cents per unit; prices of other lighters may increase by as much as $1-3. The estimated average per-unit price increase for all lighters subject to the standard is about 20 cents. The total annual cost of the standard to consumers is estimated at about $90 million. The estimated cost of the standard per life saved is well under $1 million after considering the benefits of reduced injuries and property damage; this is well below the consensus of estimates of the statistical value of life. A wide range of lighter types and models will continue to be available to consumers. As noted above, some models of novelty lighters -- all of which account for less than 1 percent of lighters sold -- will likely be discontinued; this should not have a significant impact on the overall availability of lighters to consumers. (d) Any means of achieving the objective of the order while minimizing adverse effects on competition or disruption or dislocation of manufacturing and other commercial practices consistent with the public health and safety. The Commission considered the potential effects on competition and business practices of various aspects of the standard, and, as noted below, incorporated some burden-reducing elements into the proposal. The Commission also encouraged and participated in the development of a draft voluntary standard addressing the risk of child-play fires. A draft voluntary safety standard was developed by members of an ASTM task group (now a subcommittee) to address much of the risk addressed by the proposed CPSC rule. This draft voluntary standard contained performance requirements similar, but not identical, to those in the CPSC proposal. Development work on the voluntary standard ceased in 1991; industry representatives requested that the Commission issue the draft ASTM provisions in a mandatory rule. One possible alternative to this mandatory standard would be for the Commission to rely on voluntary conformance to this draft standard to provide safety to consumers. The expected level of conformance to a voluntary standard is uncertain, however; although some of the largest firms may market some child-resistant lighters that conform to these requirements, most firms (possibly including some of the largest) probably would not. Even under generous assumptions about the level of voluntary conformance, net benefits to consumers would be substantially lower under this alternative than under the standard. Thus, the Commission finds that reliance on voluntary conformance to the draft ASTM standard would not adequately reduce the unreasonable risk associated with lighters. (e) The rule (including its effective date) is reasonably necessary to eliminate or reduce an unreasonable risk. The Commission's hazard data and regulatory analysis demonstrate that lighters covered by the standard pose an unreasonable risk of death and injury to consumers. The Commission considered a number of alternatives to address this risk, and believes that the standard strikes the most reasonable balance between risk reduction benefits and potential costs. Further, the amount of time before the standard becomes effective will provide manufacturers and importers of most products adequate time to design, produce, and market safer lighters. Thus, the Commission finds that the standard and its effective date are reasonably necessary to reduce the risk of fire- related death and injury associated with young children playing with lighters. (f) The benefits expected from the rule bear a reasonable relationship to its costs. The standard will substantially reduce the number of fire-related deaths, injuries, and property damage associated with young children playing with lighters. The cost of these accidents, which is estimated to be about $385 million [[Page 386]] annually, will also be greatly reduced. Estimated annual benefits of the standard are $205-$270 million; estimated annual costs to the public are about $90 million. Expected annual net benefits would therefore be $115- $180 million. Thus, the Commission finds that a reasonable relationship exists between potential benefits and potential costs of the standard. (g) The rule imposes the least burdensome requirement which prevents or adequately reduces the risk of injury for which the rule is being promulgated. (1) In the final rule, the Commission incorporated a number of changes from the proposed rule in order to minimize the potential burden of the rule on industry and consumers. The Commission also considered and rejected several alternatives during the development of the standard to reduce the potential burden on industry (especially small importers) and on consumers. These alternatives involve different performance and test requirements and different definitions determining the scope of coverage among products. Other alternatives generally would be more burdensome to industry and would have higher costs to consumers. Some less burdensome alternatives would have lower risk-reduction benefits to consumers; none has been identified that would have higher expected net benefits than the standard. (2) The scope of this mandatory standard is limited to disposable lighters and novelty lighters; it does not apply to ``luxury'' lighters (including most higher priced refillable butane and liquid-fuel models). This is similar but not identical to the scope of a draft voluntary industry standard developed in response to the Commission's advance notice of proposed rulemaking of March 3, 1988 (53 FR 6833). This exclusion significantly reduces the potential cost of the standard without significantly affecting potential benefits. (3) The Commission narrowed the scope of the final rule with respect to novelty lighters, and considered limiting the scope further to exclude all nondisposable novelty lighters. Though further limiting the scope would ease the potential burden of the standard on manufacturers and importers slightly, inherently less safe non-child-resistant lighters that are considered to be especially appealing to children would remain on the market, thereby reducing the potential safety benefits to the public. The Commission finds that it would not be in the public interest to exclude novelty lighters. (4) The Commission considered the potential effect of alternate performance requirements during the development of the standard. A less stringent acceptance criterion of 80 percent (rather than the standard's 85 percent) might slightly reduce costs to industry and consumers. The safety benefits of this alternative, however, would likely be reduced disproportionately to the potential reduction in costs. A higher (90 percent) acceptance criterion was also considered. This higher performance level is not commercially or technically feasible for many firms, however; the Commission believes that this more stringent alternative would have substantial adverse effects on manufacturing and competition, and would increase costs disproportionate to benefits. The Commission believes that the requirement that complying lighters not be operable by at least 85 percent of children in prescribed tests strikes a reasonable balance between improved safety for a substantial majority of young children and other potential fire victims and the potential for adverse competitive effects and manufacturing disruption. (5) The Commission believes that the standard should become effective as soon as reasonably possible. The standard will become effective 12 months from its date of publication in the Federal Register. The Commission also considered an effective date of 6 months after the date of issuance of the final rule. While most lighters sold in the U.S. could probably be made child resistant within 6 months, some disruptive effects on the supply of some imported lighters would result; this could have a temporary adverse impact on the competitive positions of some U.S. importers. The 12-month period in the standard would tend to minimize this potential effect, and would allow more time for firms to design, produce, and import complying lighters. The Commission estimates that there would be no significant adverse impact [[Page 387]] on the overall supply of lighters for the U.S. market. (h) The promulgation of the rule is in the public interest. As required by the CPSA and the Regulatory Flexibility Act, the Commission considered the potential benefits and costs of the standard and various alternatives. While certain alternatives to the final rule are estimated to have net benefits to consumers, the adopted rule maximizes these net benefits. Thus, the Commission finds that the standard, if promulgated on a final basis, would be in the public interest. Subpart B_Certification Requirements Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2063, 2065(b), 2066(g), 2076(e), 2079(d). Sec. 1210.11 General. Section 14(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA), 15 U.S.C. 1263(a), requires every manufacturer, private labeler, or importer of a product that is subject to a consumer product safety standard and that is distributed in commerce to issue a certificate that such product conforms to the applicable standard and to base that certificate upon a test of each item or upon a reasonable testing program. The purpose of this subpart B of part 1210 is to establish requirements that manufacturers, importers, and private labelers must follow to certify that their products comply with the Safety Standard for Cigarette Lighters. This subpart B describes the minimum features of a reasonable testing program and includes requirements for labeling, recordkeeping, and reporting pursuant to sections 14, 16(b), 17(g), and 27(e) of the CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2063, 2065(b), 2066(g), and 2076(e). Sec. 1210.12 Certificate of compliance. (a) General requirements--(1) Manufacturers (including importers). Manufacturers of any lighter subject to the standard must issue the certificate of compliance required by section 14(a) of the CPSA and this subpart B, based on a reasonable testing program or a test of each product, as required by Sec. Sec. 1210.13-1210.14 and 1210.16. Manufacturers must also label each lighter subject to the standard as required by paragraph (c) of this section and keep the records and make the reports required by Sec. Sec. 1210.15 and 1210.17. For purposes of this requirement, an importer of lighters shall be considered the ``manufacturer.'' (2) Private labelers. Because private labelers necessarily obtain their products from a manufacturer or importer that is already required to issue the certificate, private labelers are not required to issue a certificate. However, private labelers must ensure that the lighters are labeled in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section and that any certificate of compliance that is supplied with each shipping unit of lighters in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section is supplied to any distributor or retailer who receives the product from the private labeler. (3) Testing on behalf of importers. If the required testing has been performed by or for a foreign manufacturer of a product, an importer may rely on such tests to support the certificate of compliance, provided that the importer is a resident of the United States or has a resident agent in the United States, the records are in English, and the records and the surrogate lighters tested are kept in the United States and can be provided to the Commission within 48 hours (Sec. 1210.17(a)) or, in the case of production records, can be provided to the Commission within 7 calendar days in accordance with Sec. 1210.17(a)(3). The importer is responsible for ensuring that the foreign manufacturer's records show that all testing used to support the certificate of compliance has been performed properly (Sec. Sec. 1210.14-1210.16), the records provide a reasonable assurance that all lighters imported comply with the standard (Sec. 1210.13(b)(1)), the records exist in English (Sec. 1210.17(a)), (4) the importer knows where the required records and lighters are located and that records required to be located in the United States are located there, arrangements have been made so that any records required to be kept in the United States will be provided to the Commission within 48 hours of a request and any records not kept in the United States will be provided to the Commission within 7 calendar days [[Page 388]] (Sec. 1210.17(a)), and the information required by Sec. 1210.17(b) to be provided to the Commission's Division of Regulatory Management has been provided. (b) Certificate of compliance. A certificate of compliance must accompany each shipping unit of the product (for example, a case), or otherwise be furnished to any distributor or retailer to whom the product is sold or delivered by the manufacturer, private labeler, or importer. The certificate shall state: (1) That the product ``complies with the Consumer Product Safety Standard for Cigarette Lighters (16 CFR 1210),'' (2) The name and address of the manufacturer or importer issuing the certificate or of the private labeler, and (3) The date(s) of manufacture and, if different from the address in paragraph (b)(2) of this section, the address of the place of manufacture. (c) Labeling. The manufacturer or importer must label each lighter with the following information, which may be in code. (1) An identification of the period of time, not to exceed 31 days, during which the lighter was manufactured. (2) An identification of the manufacturer of the lighter, unless the lighter bears a private label. If the lighter bears a private label, it shall bear a code mark or other label which will permit the seller of the lighter to identify the manufacturer to the purchaser upon request. [58 FR 37584, July 12, 1993, as amended at 59 FR 67621, Dec. 30, 1994] Sec. 1210.13 Certification tests. (a) General. As explained in Sec. 1210.11 of this subpart, certificates of compliance required by section 14(a) of the CPSA must be based on a reasonable testing program. (b) Reasonable testing programs--(1) Requirements. (i) A reasonable testing program for lighters is one that demonstrates with a high degree of assurance that all lighters manufactured for sale or distributed in commerce will meet the requirements of the standard, including the requirements of Sec. 1210.3. Manufacturers and importers shall determine the types and frequency of testing for their own reasonable testing programs. A reasonable testing program should be sufficiently stringent that it will detect any variations in production or performance during the production interval that would cause any lighters to fail to meet the requirements of the standard. (ii) All reasonable testing programs shall include qualification tests, which must be performed on surrogates of each model of lighter produced, or to be produced, to demonstrate that the product is capable of passing the tests prescribed by the standard (see Sec. 1210.14), and production tests, which must be performed during appropriate production intervals as long as the product is being manufactured (see Sec. 1210.16). (iii) Corrective action and/or additional testing must be performed whenever certification tests of samples of the product give results that do not provide a high degree of assurance that all lighters manufactured during the applicable production interval will pass the tests of the standard. (2) Testing by third parties. At the option of the manufacturer or importer, some or all of the testing of each lighter or lighter surrogate may be performed by a commercial testing laboratory or other third party. However, the manufacturer or importer must ensure that all certification testing has been properly performed with passing results and that all records of such tests are maintained in accordance with Sec. 1210.17 of this subpart. Sec. 1210.14 Qualification testing. (a) Testing. Before any manufacturer or importer of lighters distributes lighters in commerce in the United States, surrogate lighters of each model shall be tested in accordance with Sec. 1210.4, above, to ensure that all such lighters comply with the standard. However, if a manufacturer has tested one model of lighter, and then wishes to distribute another model of lighter that differs from the first model only by differences that would not have an adverse effect on child resistance, the second model need not be tested in accordance with Sec. 1210.4. (b) Product modifications. If any changes are made to a product after initial qualification testing that could adversely affect the ability of the product to meet the requirements of the [[Page 389]] standard, additional qualification tests must be made on surrogates for the changed product before the changed lighters are distributed in commerce. (c) Requalification. If a manufacturer or importer chooses to requalify a lighter design after it has been in production, this may be done by following the testing procedures at Sec. 1210.4. Sec. 1210.15 Specifications. (a) Requirement. Before any lighters that are subject to the standard are distributed in commerce, the manufacturer or importer shall ensure that the surrogate lighters used for qualification testing under Sec. 1210.14 are described in a written product specification. (Section 1210.4(c) requires that six surrogate lighters be used for testing each 100-child panel.) (b) Contents of specification. The product specification shall include the following information: (1) A complete description of the lighter, including size, shape, weight, fuel, fuel capacity, ignition mechanism, and child-resistant features. (2) A detailed description of all dimensions, force requirements, or other features that could affect the child-resistance of the lighter, including the manufacturer's tolerances for each such dimension or force requirement. (3) Any further information, including, but not limited to, model names or numbers, necessary to adequately describe the lighters and any child-resistant features. Sec. 1210.16 Production testing. (a) General. Manufacturers and importers shall test samples of lighters subject to the standard as they are manufactured, to demonstrate that the lighters meet the specifications, required under Sec. 1210.15, of the surrogate that has been shown by qualification testing to meet the requirements of the standard. (b) Types and frequency of testing. Manufacturers, private labelers, and importers shall determine the types of tests for production testing. Each production test shall be conducted at a production interval short enough to provide a high degree of assurance that, if the samples selected for testing pass the production tests, all other lighters produced during the interval will meet the standard. (c) Test failure--(1) Sale of lighters. If any test yields results which indicate that any lighters manufactured during the production interval may not meet the standard, production and distribution in commerce of lighters that may not comply with the standard must cease until it is determined that the lighters meet the standard or until corrective action is taken. (It may be necessary to modify the lighters or perform additional tests to ensure that only complying lighters are distributed in commerce. Lighters from other production intervals having test results showing that lighters from that interval comply with the standard could be produced and distributed unless there was some reason to believe that they might not comply with the standard.) (2) Corrective actions. When any production test fails to provide a high degree of assurance that all lighters comply with the standard, corrective action must be taken. Corrective action may include changes in the manufacturing process, the assembly process, the equipment used to manufacture the product, or the product's materials or design. The corrective action must provide a high degree of assurance that all lighters produced after the corrective action will comply with the standard. If the corrective action changes the product from the surrogate used for qualification testing in a manner that could adversely affect its child resistance, the lighter must undergo new qualification tests in accordance with Sec. 1210.14, above. Sec. 1210.17 Recordkeeping and reporting. (a) Records. Every manufacturer and importer of lighters subject to the standard shall maintain the following records in English on paper, microfiche, or similar media and make such records available to any designated officer or employee of the Commission in accordance with section 16(b) of the Consumer Product Safety Act, 15 U.S.C. 2065(b). Such records must also be kept in the United States and provided to the Commission within 48 hours of receipt of a request from any employee of the Commission, except as [[Page 390]] provided in paragraph (b)(3) of this section. Legible copies of original records may be used to comply with these requirements. (1) Records of qualification testing, including a description of the tests, photograph(s) or a video tape for a single pair of children from each 100-child test panel to show how the lighter was held in the tester's hand, and the orientation of the tester's body and hand to the children, during the demonstration, the dates of the tests, the data required by Sec. 1210.4(d), the actual surrogate lighters tested, and the results of the tests, including video tape records, if any. These records shall be kept until 3 years after the production of the particular model to which such tests relate has ceased. If requalification tests are undertaken in accordance with Sec. 1210.14(c), the original qualification test results may be discarded 3 years after the requalification testing, and the requalification test results and surrogates, and the other information required in this subsection for qualifications tests, shall be kept in lieu thereof. (2) Records of procedures used for production testing required by this subpart B, including a description of the types of tests conducted (in sufficient detail that they may be replicated), the production interval selected, the sampling scheme, and the pass/reject criterion. These records shall be kept until 3 years after production of the lighter has ceased. (3) Records of production testing, including the test results, the date and location of testing, and records of corrective actions taken, which in turn includes the specific actions taken to improve the design or manufacture or to correct any noncomplying lighter, the date the actions were taken, the test result or failure that triggered the actions, and the additional actions taken to ensure that the corrective action had the intended effect. These records shall be kept for 3 years following the date of testing. Records of production testing results may be kept on paper, microfiche, computer tape, or other retrievable media. Where records are kept on computer tape or other retrievable media, however, the records shall be made available to the Commission on paper copies upon request. A manufacturer or importer of a lighter that is not manufactured in the United States may maintain the production records required by paragraph (a)(3) of this section outside the United States, but shall make such records available to the Commission in the United States within 1 week of a request from a Commission employee for access to those records under section 16(b) of the CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2065(b). (4) Records of specifications required under Sec. 1210.15 shall be kept until 3 years after production of each lighter model has ceased. (b) Reporting. At least 30 days before it first imports or distributes in commerce any model of lighter subject to the standard, every manufacturer and importer must provide a written report to the Division of Regulatory Management, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, D.C. 20207. Such report shall include: (1) The name, address, and principal place of business of the manufacturer or importer, (2) A detailed description of the lighter model and the child- resistant feature(s) used in that model, (3) A description of the qualification testing, including a description of the surrogate lighters tested, the specification of the surrogate lighter required by Sec. 1210.15, a summary of the results of all such tests, the dates the tests were performed, the location(s) of such tests, and the identity of the organization that conducted the tests, (4) An identification of the place or places that the lighters were or will be manufactured, (5) The location(s) where the records required to be maintained by paragraph (a) of this section are kept, and (6) A prototype or production unit of that lighter model. (c) Confidentiality. Persons who believe that any information required to be submitted or made available to the Commission is trade secret or otherwise confidential shall request that the information be considered exempt from disclosure by the Commission, in accordance with 16 CFR 1015.18. Requests for confidentiality of records provided to the Commission will be handled in accordance with section 6(a)(2) of the [[Page 391]] CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2055(a)(2), the Freedom of Information Act as amended, 5 U.S.C. 552, and the Commission's regulations under that act, 16 CFR part 1015. Sec. 1210.18 Refusal of importation. (a) For noncompliance with reporting and recordkeeping requirements. The Commission has determined that compliance with the recordkeeping and reporting requirements of this subpart is necessary to ensure that lighters comply with this part 1210. Therefore, pursuant to section 17(g) of the CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2066(g), the Commission may refuse to permit importation of any lighters with respect to which the manufacturer or importer has not complied with the recordkeeping and reporting requirements of this subpart. Since the records are required to demonstrate that production lighters comply with the specifications for the surrogate, the Commission may refuse importation of lighters if production lighters do not comply with the specifications required by this subpart or if any other recordkeeping or reporting requirement in this part is violated. (b) For noncompliance with this standard and for lack of a certification certificate. As provided in section 17(a) of the CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2066(a), products subject to this standard shall be refused admission into the customs territory of the United States if, among other reasons, the product fails to comply with this standard or is not accompanied by the certificate required by this standard. Subpart C_Stockpiling Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2058(g)(2), 2079(d). Sec. 1210.20 Stockpiling. (a) Definition. Stockpiling means to manufacture or import a product that is subject to a consumer product safety rule between the date of issuance of the rule and its effective date at a rate which is significantly greater than the rate at which such product was produced or imported during a base period. (b) Base Period. For purposes of this rule, base period means, at the option of the manufacturer or importer, any 1-year period during the 5-year period prior to July 12, 1993. (c) Prohibited act. Manufacturers and importers of disposable and novelty cigarette lighters shall not manufacture or import lighters that do not comply with the requirements of this part between July 12, 1993 and July 12, 1994, at a rate that is greater than the rate of production or importation during the base period plus 20 per cent of that rate. PART 1211_SAFETY STANDARD FOR AUTOMATIC RESIDENTIAL GARAGE DOOR OPERATORS-- Table of Contents Subpart A_The Standard Sec. 1211.1 Effective date. 1211.2 Definition. 1211.3 Units of measurement. 1211.4 General requirements for protection against risk of injury. 1211.5 General testing parameters. 1211.6 General entrapment protection requirements. 1211.7 Inherent primary entrapment protection requirements. 1211.8 Secondary entrapment protection requirements. 1211.9 Additional entrapment protection requirements. 1211.10 Requirements for all entrapment protection devices. 1211.11 Requirements for photoelectric sensors. 1211.12 Requirements for edge sensors. 1211.13 Inherent force activated secondary door sensors. 1211.14 Unattended operation requirements. 1211.15 Vertically moving combination rigid one-piece overhead residential garage door and operator system. 1211.16 Instruction manual. 1211.17 Field-installed labels. 1211.18 UL marking requirement. 1211.19 Statutory labeling requirement. Figures 1-10 to Subpart A of Part 1211 Figure 1 to Subpart A to Part 1211--Critical Condition Flow Chart for Residential Garage Door Operator Entrapment Protection Devices and Functions Figure 2 to Subpart A of Part 1211--Nozzle Section A-A Figure 3 to Subpart A of Part 1211--Stationary Obstruction Figure 4 to Subpart A of Part 1211--Moving Obstruction Figure 5 to Subpart A of Part 1211--Ambient Light Test [[Page 392]] Figure 6 to Subpart A of Part 1211--Edge Sensor Normal Operation Test Figure 7 to Subpart A of Part 1211--Puncture Probe Figure 8 to Subpart A of Part 1211--Example Test Apparatus for Measurements at 12 Inches or Greater Figure 9 to Subpart A oo Part 1211--Example Test Apparatus for Measurements at 12 Inches or Greater Figure 10 to Subpart A of Part 1211--Example Test Apparatus for Measurements at 12 Inches or Greater Table 1 to Subpart A of Part 1211--Physical Properties of Gasket- Accelerated Aging Test Subpart B_Certification 1211.20 Purpose, scope, and application. 1211.21 Effective date. 1211.22 Definitions. 1211.23 Certification testing. 1211.24 Product certification and labeling by manufacturers. 1211.25 Product certification and labeling by importers. Subpart C_Recordkeeping 1211.30 Effective date. 1211.31 Recordkeeping requirements. Subpart D_Incorporation by Reference 1211.40 Incorporation by reference. Authority: Sec. 203 of Pub. L. 101-608, 104 Stat. 3110; 15 U.S.C. 2063 and 2065. Subpart A_The Standard Source: 57 FR 60455, Dec. 21, 1992, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1211.1 Effective date. This standard applies to all residential garage door operators manufactured on or after January 1, 1993 for sale in the United States. Sec. 1211.2 Definition. As used in this part 1211: Residential garage door operator means a vehicular door operator which: (a) Serves a residential building of one to four single family units; (b) Is rated 600 volts or less; and (c) Is intended to be employed in ordinary locations in accordance with NFPA 70 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 1211.32). [57 FR 60455, Dec. 21, 1992, as amended at 62 FR 46667, Sept. 4, 1997; 65 FR 70657, Nov. 27, 2000; 81 FR 20228, Apr. 7, 2016] Sec. 1211.3 Units of measurement. If a value for measurement is followed by a value in other units, in parentheses, the second value may be only approximate. The first stated value is the requirement. [57 FR 60455, Dec. 21, 1992, as amended at 65 FR 70657, Nov. 27, 2000] Sec. 1211.4 General requirements for protection against risk of injury. (a) If an automatically reset protective device is employed, automatic restarting of a motor shall not result in a risk of injury to persons. (b) A residential garage door operator is considered to comply with the requirement in paragraph (a) of this section if some means is provided to prevent the motor from restarting when the protector closes. (c) An electronic or solid-state circuit that performs a back-up, limiting, or other function intended to reduce the risk of fire, electric shock, or injury to persons, including entrapment protection circuits, shall comply with the requirements in UL 991 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 1211.40), including environmental and stress tests appropriate to the intended usage of the end-product. Exception: A control or electronic circuit that complies with Supplement SA of UL 325-2017 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 1211.40) is considered to fulfill this requirement. [57 FR 60455, Dec. 21, 1992, as amended at 62 FR 46667, Sept. 4, 1997; 65 FR 70657, Nov. 27, 2000; 81 FR 20228, Apr. 7, 2016; 83 FR 32568, July 13, 2018] Sec. 1211.5 General testing parameters. (a) The following test parameters are to be used in the investigation of the circuit covered by Sec. 1211.4(c) for compliance with either, UL 991, or Supplement SA of UL 325-2017 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 1211.40): (1) With regard to electrical supervision of critical components, an operator being inoperative with respect to [[Page 393]] closing movement of the door meets the criteria for trouble indication. (2) A field strength of 3 volts per meter is to be used for the Radiated EMI Test. (3) The Composite Operational and Cycling Test is to be used for 14 days at temperature extremes of minus 35 [deg]Celsius (minus 31 [deg]F) and 70 [deg]C (158 [deg]F). (4) Exposure Class H5 is to be used for the Humidity Test. (5) A vibration level of 5g is to be used for the Vibration Test. (6) When a Computational Investigation is conducted, [lambda]p shall not be greater than 6 failures/10\6\ hours for the entire system. For external secondary entrapment protection devices or systems that are sold separately, [lambda]p shall not be greater than 0 failures/10\6\ hours. For internal secondary entrapment protection devices or systems whether or not they are sold separately, [lambda]p shall not be greater than 0 failures/ 10\6\ hours. The operational test is conducted for 14 days. An external secondary entrapment protection device or system that is sold separately, and that has a [lambda]p greater than 0 failures/ 10\6\ hours meets the intent of the requirement when for the combination of the operator and the specified external secondary entrapment protection device or system [lambda]p does not exceed 6 failures/10\6\ hours. See Sec. 1211.18(j) through (l). (7) When the Demonstrated Method Test is conducted, the multiplier is to be based on the continuous usage level, and a minimum of 24 units for a minimum of 24 hours per unit are to be tested. (8) The Endurance test is to be conducted concurrently with the Operational test. The control shall perform its intended function while being conditioned for fourteen days in an ambient air temperature of 60 [deg]C (140 [deg]F), or 10 [deg]C (18 [deg]F) greater than the operating temperature of the control, whichever is higher. During the test, the control is to be operated in a manner representing the opening and closing of the door at a rate of one open-close operation per minute. (9) For the Electrical Fast Transient Burst Test, test level 3 is to be used for residential garage door operators. (b) In the evaluation of entrapment protection circuits used in residential garage door operators, the critical condition flow chart shown in figure 1 to subpart A shall be used: (1) To conduct a failure-mode and effect analysis (FMEA); (2) In investigating the performance during the Environmental Stress Tests; (3) During the Power Cycling Safety for Tests in accordance with UL 991 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 1211.40); and (4) During evaluation of the circuit to the requirements of Supplement SA of UL 325-2017 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 1211.40). [57 FR 60455, Dec. 21, 1992, as amended at 62 FR 46667, Sept. 4, 1997; 65 FR 70657, Nov. 27, 2000; 81 FR 20228, Apr. 7, 2016; 83 FR 32568, July 13, 2018] Sec. 1211.6 General entrapment protection requirements. (a) A residential garage door operator system shall be provided with inherent primary entrapment protection that complies with the requirements as specified in Sec. 1211.7. (b) In addition to the inherent primary entrapment protection as required by paragraph (a) of this section, a vertically moving residential garage door operator shall comply with one of the following: (1) Shall be constructed to: (i) Require constant pressure on a control intended to be installed and activated within line of sight of the door to lower the door; (ii) Reverse direction and open the door to the upmost position when constant pressure on a control is removed prior to operator reaching its lower limit, and (iii) Limit a portable transmitter, when supplied, to function only to cause the operator to open the door; (2) Shall be provided with a means for connection of an external secondary entrapment protection device as described in Sec. 1211.8 (a) and (c) through (e), as applicable to vertically moving doors; or (3)(i) Shall be provided with an inherent secondary entrapment protection device as described in Sec. Sec. 1211.8(a) and (f), 1211.10, and 1211.12 and is: (A) A combination sectional overhead garage door operator system as described in Sec. 1211.6(c); and [[Page 394]] (B) For use only with vertically moving garage doors. (ii) With respect to Sec. 1211.6(b)(3)(i)(A), trolley-driven operators do not meet the definition of a combination sectional overhead garage door operator system. (c) In the case of a vertically moving combination sectional overhead garage door operator system, the door shall comply with the requirements in ANSI/DASMA 102 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 1211.40). (d) In addition to the inherent primary entrapment protection as required by Sec. 1211.6(a), a horizontally sliding residential garage door operator shall comply with one of the following: (1) Shall be constructed to: (i) Require constant pressure on a control to close the door; (ii) Reverse direction and open the door a minimum of 2 in (50.8 mm) when constant pressure on a control is removed prior to operator reaching its position limit; and (iii) Stop the door if a second obstruction is detected in the reverse direction. (2) Shall be provided with a means for connection of an external secondary entrapment protection device for each leading edge as described in Sec. 1211.8(c) through (e), as applicable to horizontally moving doors. (e) A mechanical switch or a relay used in an entrapment protection circuit of an operator shall withstand 100,000 cycles of operation controlling a load no less severe (voltage, current, power factor, inrush and similar ratings) than it controls in the operator, and shall function normally upon completion of the test. (f) In addition to complying with paragraph (e) of this section, in the event of a malfunction of a switch or relay (open or short) described in paragraph (c) of this section results in loss of any entrapment protection required by Sec. 1211.7(a), Sec. 1211.7(b)(7), Sec. 1211.7(c)(7), Sec. 1211.8(a), or Sec. 1211.8(b), the door operator shall become inoperative at the end of the opening or closing operation, the door operator shall move the door to, and stay within, 1 foot (305 mm) of the uppermost position. [81 FR 20228, Apr. 7, 2016, as amended at 83 FR 32569, July 13, 2018] Sec. 1211.7 Inherent primary entrapment protection requirements. (a) General requirements. A vertically moving residential garage door operator system shall be supplied with inherent primary entrapment protection that complies with the requirements as specified in paragraph (b) of this section. A horizontally sliding residential garage door operator system shall be supplied with inherent primary entrapment protection that complies with the requirements as specified in paragraph (c) of this section. (b) Inherent primary entrapment protection, vertically moving doors. (1)(i) For a vertically moving residential garage door operator system, other than for the first 1 foot (305mm) of door travel from the full upmost position both with and without any secondary external entrapment protection device functional, the operator of a downward moving residential garage door shall initiate reversal of the door within 2 seconds of contact with the obstruction as specified in subparagraph (b)(3) of this section. After reversing the door, the operator shall return the door to, and stop at, the full upmost position. Compliance shall be determined in accordance with paragraphs (b)(3) through (10) of this section. (ii) The door operator is not required to return the door to, and stop the door at, the full upmost position when the operator senses a second obstruction during the upward travel. (iii) The door operator is not required to return the door to, and stop the door at, the full upmost position when a control is actuated to stop the door during the upward travel--but the door can not be moved downward until the operator reverses the door a minimum of 2 inches (50.8 mm). (2) The test shall be performed on a representative operating system installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions with the operator exerting a 25-lbf (111.21-N) pull or its rated pull, whichever is greater. (3)(i) A solid object is to be placed on the floor of the test installation and at various heights under the edge of the door and located in line with the driving point of the operator. When tested on the floor, the object shall be 1 inch [[Page 395]] (25.4 mm) high. In the test installation, the bottom edge of the door under the driving force of the operator is to be against the floor when the door is fully closed. (ii) For operators other than those attached to the door, a solid object is not required to be located in line with the driving point of the operator. The solid object is to be located at points at the center, and within 1 foot of each end of the door. (iii) To test operators for compliance with requirements in paragraphs (b)(1)(iii), (b)(7)(iii), and (b)(8)(iii) of this section and Sec. 1211.13(c), a solid rectangular object measuring 4 inches (102 mm) high by 6 inches (152 mm) wide by a minimum of 6 inches (152 mm)long is to be placed on the floor of the test installation to provide a 4-inch (102 mm) high obstruction when operated from a partially open position. (4) An operator is to be tested for compliance with paragraph (b)(1) of this section for 50 open-and-close cycles of operation while the operator is connected to the type of residential garage door with which it is intended to be used or with the doors specified in paragraph (b)(6) of this section. For an operator having a force adjustment on the operator, the force is to be adjusted to the maximum setting or at the setting that represents the most severe operating condition. Any accessories having an effect on the intended operation of entrapment protection functions that are intended for use with the operator, are to be attached and the test is to be repeated for one additional cycle. (5) For an operator that is to be adjusted (limit and force) according to instructions supplied with the operator, the operator is to be tested for 10 additional obstruction cycles using the solid object described in paragraph (b)(3) of this section at the maximum setting or at the setting that represents the most severe operating condition. (6) For an operator that is intended to be used with more than one type of door, one sample of the operator is to be tested on a sectional door with a curved track and one sample is to be tested on a one-piece door with jamb hardware and no track. For an operator that is not intended for use on either or both types of doors, a one-piece door with track hardware or a one-piece door with pivot hardware shall be used for the tests. For an operator that is intended for use with a specifically dedicated door or doors, a representative door or doors shall be used for the tests. See the marking requirements at Sec. 1211.18. (7)(i) An operator, employing an inherent entrapment protection system that measures or monitors the actual position of the door, shall initiate reversal of the door and shall return the door to, and stop the door at, the full upmost position in the event the inherent door operating ``profile'' of the door differs from the originally set parameters. The entrapment protection system shall measure or monitor the position of the door at increments not greater than 1 inch (25.4 mm). (ii) The door operator is not required to return the door to, and stop the door at, the full upmost position when an inherent entrapment circuit senses an obstruction during the upward travel. (iii) The door operator is not required to return the door to, and stop the door at, the full upmost position when a control is actuated to stop the door during the upward travel--but the door can not be moved downward until the operator reverses the door a minimum of 2 inches (50.8 mm). (8)(i) An operator, using an inherent entrapment protection system that does not measure or monitor the actual position of the door, shall initiate reversal of the door and shall return the door, to and stop the door at the full upmost position, when the lower limiting device is not actuated in 30 seconds or less following the initiation of the close cycle. (ii) The door operator is not required to return the door to, and stop the door at, the full upmost position when an inherent entrapment circuit senses an obstruction during the upward travel. When the door is stopped manually during its descent, the 30 seconds shall be measured from the resumption of the close cycle. (iii) The door operator is not required to return the door to, and stop the door at, the full upmost position when a control is actuated to stop the door [[Page 396]] during the upward travel--but the door can not be moved downward until the operator reverses the door a minimum of 2 inches (50.8 mm). When the door is stopped manually during its descent, the 30 seconds shall be measured from the resumption of the close cycle. (9) To determine compliance with paragraph (b)(7) or (8) of this section, an operator is to be subjected to 10 open-and-close cycles of operation while connected to the door or doors specified in paragraphs (b)(4) and (6) of this section. The cycles are not required to be consecutive. Motor cooling-off periods during the test meet the intent of the requirement. The means supplied to comply with the requirement in paragraph (b)(1) of this section and Sec. 1211.8(a) or (b) are to be defeated during the test. An obstructing object is to be used so that the door is not capable of activating a lower limiting device. (10) During the closing cycle referred to in paragraph (b)(9) of this section, the system providing compliance with paragraphs (b)(1) and (7) of this section or paragraphs (b)(1) and (8) of this section shall function regardless of a short- or open-circuit anywhere in any low- voltage external wiring, any external entrapment devices, or any other external component. (c) Inherent primary entrapment protection, horizontally sliding doors. (1)(i) For a horizontally sliding residential garage door operator system, other than for the first 1 foot (305mm) of door travel from the full closed position both with and without any external entrapment protection device functional, the operator of a closing residential garage door shall initiate reversal of the door within 2 seconds of contact with the obstruction as specified in paragraph (c)(3) of this section. After reversing the door, the operator shall open the door a minimum of 2 inches (50.8 mm) from the edge of the obstruction. Compliance shall be determined in accordance with paragraphs (c)(2) through (10) of this section. (ii) The door operator is not required to open the door a minimum 2 inches (50.8 mm) when the operator senses a second obstruction during the reversing travel. (iii) The door operator is not required to open the door a minimum 2 inches (50.8 mm) when a control is actuated to stop the door during movement towards the open position--but the door can not be moved towards the closed position until the operator reverses the door a minimum of 2 inches (50.8 mm). (2) The test shall be performed on a representative operating system installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions with the operator exerting a 25-lbf (111.21-N) pull or its rated pull, whichever is greater. (3)(i) A solid object is to be placed on the floor of the test installation and rigidly supported within the bottom track and then repeated with the solid object placed on the floor and rigidly supported external to the track. The test shall then be repeated with the solid object rigidly supported at heights of 1 ft (305 mm), 3 ft (914 mm), 5 ft (1524 mm), and within 1 ft (305 mm) of the top edge. The object shall be 1 inch (25.4 mm) in width. (ii) For operators other than those attached to the door, a solid object is not required to be located in line with the driving point of the operator. The solid object is to be located at points at the center and within 1 ft of each end of the door opening. (iii) To test operators for compliance with paragraphs (c)(1)(iii), (c)(7)(iii), and (c)(8)(iii) of this section, and Sec. 1211.13(c), a solid rectangular object measuring 4 inches (102 mm) high by 6 inches (152 mm) wide by a minimum of 6 in (152 mm) long is to be placed on the floor of the test installation to provide a 4 in (102 mm) high obstruction when operated from a partially open position with the test repeated with the bottom edge of the obstruction rigidly supported at heights of 1 ft (305 mm), 3ft (914 mm), 5ft (1524 mm), and within 1 ft (305 mm) of the top edge. (4) An operator is to be tested for compliance with paragraph (c)(1) of this section for 50 open-and-close cycles of operation while the operator is connected to the type of residential garage door with which it is intended to be used or with the doors specified in paragraph (c)(6) of this section. For an operator having a force adjustment on the operator, the force is to be adjusted [[Page 397]] to the maximum setting or at the setting that represents the most severe operating condition. Any accessories having an effect on the intended operation of entrapment protection functions that are intended for use with the operator, are to be attached and the test is to be repeated for one additional cycle. (5) For an operator that is to be adjusted (limit and force) according to instructions supplied with the operator, the operator is to be tested for 10 additional obstruction cycles using the solid object described in paragraph (c)(3) of this section at the maximum setting or at the setting that represents the most severe operating condition. (6) For an operator that is intended to be used with more than one type of door, one sample of the operator is to be tested on a sectional door with a curved track and one sample is to be tested on a one-piece door with jamb hardware and no track. For an operator that is not intended for use on either or both of these types of doors, a one-piece door with track hardware or a one-piece door with pivot hardware shall be used for the tests. For an operator that is intended for use with a specifically dedicated door or doors, a representative door or doors shall be used for the tests. See the marking requirements in Sec. 1211.18. (7)(i) An operator, employing an inherent entrapment protection control that measures or monitors the actual position of the door, shall initiate reversal of the door and shall return the door to, and stop the door at, the fully open position in the event the inherent door operation ``profile'' of the door differs from the originally set parameters. The system shall measure or monitor the position of the door at increments not greater than 1 inch (25.4 mm). (ii) The door operator is not required to open the door a minimum 2 inches (50.8 mm) when an inherent entrapment circuit senses an obstruction during the reversing travel. (iii) The door operator is not required to open the door a minimum 2 inches (50.8 mm) when a control is actuated to stop the door during the opening direction--but the door can not be moved in the closing direction until the operator reverses the door a minimum of 2 inches (50.8 mm). (8)(i) An operator, using an inherent entrapment protection system that does not measure or monitor the actual position of the door, shall initiate reversal of the door and shall open the door a minimum 2 inches (50.8 mm) when the closed position limit device is not actuated within 30 seconds or less following the initiation of the close cycle. (ii) The door operator is not required to open the door a minimum 2 inches (50.8 mm) when an inherent entrapment circuit senses an obstruction during the reversing travel. (iii) The door operator is not required to open the door a minimum 2 inches (50.8 mm) when a control is actuated to stop the door during the opening direction--but the door can not be moved in the closing direction until the operator has reversed the door a minimum of 2 inches (50.8 mm). When the door is stopped manually during its closing, the 30 seconds shall be measured from the resumption of the close cycle. (9) To determine compliance with paragraph (c)(7) or (8) of this section, an operator is to be subjected to 10 open-and-close cycles of operation while connected to the door or doors specified in paragraphs (c)(4) and (6) of this section. The cycles are not required to be consecutive. Motor cooling-off periods during the test meet the intent of the requirement. The means supplied to comply with paragraph (c)(1) of this section and Sec. 1211.8(b) are to be inoperative or defeated during the test. An obstructing object is to be used so that the door is not capable of activating a position limiting device. (10) During the closing cycle referred to in paragraph (c)(9) of this section, the system providing compliance with paragraphs (c)(1) and (7) of this section or paragraphs (c)(1) and (8) of this section shall function regardless of a short- or open-circuit anywhere in any low- voltage external wiring, any external entrapment devices, or any other external component. [81 FR 20228, Apr. 7, 2016, as amended at 83 FR 32569, July 13, 2018] [[Page 398]] Sec. 1211.8 Secondary entrapment protection requirements. (a)(1) For a vertically moving door operator, a secondary entrapment protection device supplied with, or as an accessory to, an operator shall consist of: (i) An external photoelectric sensor that when activated results in an operator that is closing a door to reverse direction of the door, returns the door to, and stops the door at the fully open position, and the sensor prevents an operator from closing an open door, (ii) An external edge sensor installed on the edge of the door that, when activated as tested per Sec. 1211.12(a)(4)(1) results in an operator that is closing a door to reverse direction of the door, returns the door to, and stops the door at the fully open position, and the sensor prevents an operator from closing an open door, (iii) An inherent door sensor independent of the system used to comply with Sec. 1211.7 that, when activated, results in an operator that is closing a door to reverse direction of the door and the sensor prevents an operator from closing an open door, or (iv) Any other external or internal device that provides entrapment protection equivalent to paragraph (a)(1)(i), (ii), or (iii) of this section. (2) The door operator is not required to return the door to, and stop the door at, the fully open position when an inherent entrapment circuit senses an obstruction during the opening travel. (3) The door operator is not required to return the door to, and stop the door at, the fully open position when a control is actuated to stop the door during the opening travel--but the door cannot be moved towards the closing direction until the operator has reversed the door a minimum of 2 inches (50.8 mm). (b) For horizontal sliding garage door operators, a secondary entrapment protection device supplied with, or as an accessory to, an operator shall consist of: (1) An external photoelectric sensor that, when activated, results in an operator that is closing or opening a door to reverse direction of the door for a minimum of 2 inches (50.8 mm); or (2) An external edge sensor installed on the edge of the door that, when activated as tested per Sec. 1211.12 (a)(4)(2), results in an operator that is closing or opening a door to reverse direction of the door for a minimum of 2 inches (50.8 mm). (c) With respect to paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, the operator shall monitor for the presence and correct operation of the device at least once during each close cycle. Should the device not be present or a fault condition occurs which precludes the sensing of an obstruction, including an interruption of the wireless signal to the wireless device or an open or short circuit in the wiring that connects an external entrapment protection device to the operator and device's supply source, the operator shall be constructed such that: (1) For a vertically moving door, the closing door shall open and an open door shall not close more than 1 foot (305 mm) below the upmost position; (2) For a horizontally sliding door, the door shall not move in the opening or closing direction; or (3) The operator shall function as required by Sec. 1211.6(b)(1). (d) An external entrapment protection device or system, when employing a wireless control, shall comply with paragraph (e) of this section when installed at its farthest distance from the operator as recommended in the installation instructions. (e) An external entrapment protection device shall comply with the applicable requirements in Sec. Sec. 1211.10, 1211.11, and 1211.12. (f) An inherent secondary entrapment protection device described in Sec. 1211.6(b)(3) shall comply with the applicable requirements in Sec. 1211.13. Software used in an inherent entrapment protection device shall comply with UL 1998 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 1211.40). [81 FR 20230, Apr. 7, 2016, as amended at 83 FR 32569, July 13, 2018] Sec. 1211.9 Additional entrapment protection requirements. (a) A means to manually detach the door operator from the door shall be supplied. The gripping surface (handle) shall be colored red and shall be easily [[Page 399]] distinguishable from the rest of the operator. It shall be capable of being adjusted to a height of 6 feet (1.8 m) above the garage floor when the operator is installed according to the instructions specified in Sec. 1211.16(a)(2). The means shall be constructed so that a hand firmly gripping it and applying a maximum of 50 pounds (223 N) of force shall detach the operator with the door obstructed in the down position. The obstructing object, as described in Sec. 1211.7(b)(3)(i), is to be located in several different positions. A marking with instructions for detaching the operator shall be provided as required by Sec. 1211.17(a), (b), and (j), as applicable. (b) A means to manually detach the door operator from the door is not required for a door operator that is not directly attached to the door and that controls movement of the door so that: (1) The door is capable of being moved open from any position other than the last (closing) 2 inches (50.8 mm) of travel, and (2) The door is capable of being moved to the 2-inch (50.8-mm) point from any position between closed and the 2-inch (50.8-mm) point. (c) Actuation of a control that initiates movement of a door shall stop and may reverse the door on the closing cycle. On the opening cycle, actuation of a control shall stop the door but not reverse it. (d) An operator shall be constructed so that adjustment of limit, force or other user controls and connection of external entrapment protection devices can be accomplished without exposing normally enclosed live parts or wiring. [57 FR 60455, Dec. 21, 1992, as amended at 65 FR 70658, Nov. 27, 2000; 81 FR 20231, Apr. 7, 2016] Sec. 1211.10 Requirements for all entrapment protection devices. (a) General requirements. (1) An external entrapment protection device shall perform its intended function when tested in accordance with paragraphs (a)(2) through (4) of this section. (2) The device is to be installed in the intended manner and its terminals connected to circuits of the door operator as indicated by the installation instructions. (3) The device is to be installed and tested at minimum and maximum heights and widths representative of recommended ranges specified in the installation instructions. For doors, if not specified, devices are to be tested on a minimum 7 foot (2.1 m) wide door and maximum 20 foot (6.1 m) wide door. (4) If powered by a separate source of power, the power-input supply terminals are to be connected to supply circuits of rated voltage and frequency. (5) An external entrapment protection device requiring alignment, such as a photoelectric sensor, shall be provided with a means, such as a visual indicator, to show proper alignment and operation of the device. (b) Current protection test. (1) There shall be no damage to the entrapment protection circuitry if low voltage field-wiring terminals or leads are shortened or miswired to adjacent terminals. (2) To determine compliance with paragraph (b)(1) of this section, an external entrapment protection device is to be connected to a door operator or other source of power in the intended manner, after which all connections to low voltage terminals or leads are to be reversed as pairs, reversed individually, or connected to any low voltage lead or adjacent terminal. (3) After restoring the connections in the intended manner: (i) A photoelectric sensor shall comply with the Normal Operation tests per Sec. 1211.11(a) through (c); and (ii) An edge sensor shall comply with the applicable Normal Operation test, per Sec. 1211.12(a). (c) Splash test. (1) An external entrapment protection device intended to be installed inside a garage 3 feet or less above the floor shall withstand a water exposure as described in paragraph (c)(2) of this section without resulting in a risk of electric shock and shall function as intended, per paragraph (c)(3) of this section. After exposure, the external surface of the device may be dried before determining its functionality. (2) External entrapment protection devices are to be indirectly sprayed using a hose having the free end fitted with a nozzle as illustrated in Figure 2 to subpart A and connected to a water [[Page 400]] supply capable of maintaining a flow rate of 5 gallons (19 liters) per minute as measured at the outlet orifice of the nozzle. The water from the hose is to be played, from all sides and at any angle against the floor under the device in such a manner most likely to cause water to splash the enclosure of electric components. However, the nozzle is not to be brought closer than 10 feet (3.05 m) horizontally to the device. The water is to be sprayed for 1 minute. (3) After drying the external surface of the device: (i) A photoelectric sensor shall comply with the Normal Operation Tests per Sec. 1211.11(a) through (c); and (ii) An edge sensor shall comply with the applicable Normal Operation Test, per Sec. 1211.12(a). (iii) There shall be no water on uninsulated live parts of a line voltage circuit. (d) Ultraviolet light exposure test. A polymeric material used as a functional part of a device that is exposed to outdoor weather conditions shall comply with the Ultraviolet Light Exposure Test described in UL 746C (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 1211.40). (e) Resistance to impact test. (1) An external entrapment protection device employing a polymeric or elastomeric material as a functional part shall be subjected to the impact test specified in paragraph (e)(2) of this section. As a result of the test: (i) There shall be no cracking or breaking of the part; and (ii) The part shall operate as intended, per paragraph (e)(4) of this section at room temperature, or, if dislodged after the test, but not cracked or broken, is capable of being restored to its original condition. Exception: If a part is cracked or broken, as an alternative, it may be subjected to the Splash Tests, per paragraph (c) of this section, after the impact test. After the water exposure tests, the device shall either: (A) Operate as intended per paragraph (e)(4) of this section; or (B) Shut down safely (i.e. provide an obstruction signal to the door). (2) Samples of the external entrapment protection device are to be subjected to the Resistance to Impact Test described in UL 746C (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 1211.40). The external entrapment protection device is to be subjected to 5 foot-pound (6.8 J) impacts. Three samples are to be tested, each sample being subjected to three impacts at different points. (3) In lieu of conducting the room temperature test described in paragraph (e)(2) of this section, each of three samples of a device exposed to outdoor weather when the door is in the closed position are to be cooled to a temperature of minus 31.0 3.6 [deg]F (minus 35.0 2.0 [deg]C) and maintained at this temperature for 3 hours. Three samples of a device employed inside the garage are to be cooled to a temperature of 32.0 [deg]F (0.0 [deg]C) and maintained at this temperature for 3 hours. While the sample is still cold, the samples shall be subject to the test described in paragraph (e)(2) of this section, and shall comply with paragraph (e)(1)(i) of this section. After determining compliance with paragraph (e)(1)(i) of this section, the sample shall be allowed to return to room temperature, and then shall comply with paragraph (e)(1)(ii) of this section. (4) To determine compliance with paragraph (e)(1)(ii) of this section: (i) A photoelectric sensor shall comply with the Normal Operation tests per Sec. 1211.11(a) through (c); and (ii) An edge sensor shall comply with the applicable Normal Operation Test, per Sec. 1211.12(a). (f) External entrapment protection devices with wireless control-- (1) Initial test set-up. (i) For a wireless device intended to be powered by a non-rechargeable battery, a fully charged battery shall be installed per the instructions or markings on the product. See Sec. 1211.16 (a)(7). (ii) An entrapment protection device or system employing a wireless control, or separately supplied for, shall be installed per the manufacturer's instructions. (2) Radiated immunity test. (i) An external entrapment protection device when employing wireless control shall operate as specified in Sec. 1211.8(a) through (e) as applicable; or is rendered inoperative (any case in which the operator will not complete a full cycle, open and close, of travel) when tested [[Page 401]] in accordance with paragraph (f)(2)(ii) of this section. (ii) Compliance to paragraph (f)(2)(i) of this section is verified by simulating an obstruction during the period of the electric field strength test of Sec. 1211.4(c). (g) Battery test for wireless devices. (1) An external entrapment protection device when employing a battery powered wireless control shall operate as specified in Sec. 1211.8(a) through (e) as applicable; or is rendered inoperative (any case in which the operator will not complete a full cycle, open and close, of travel) when tested in accordance with paragraph (g)(2) of this section. (2) Compliance with paragraph (g)(1) of this section shall be verified with battery charge at the following levels: (i) Fully charged; and (ii) Discharged per the manufacturer's recommendations to the wireless device's lowest operational voltage. (3) An external entrapment protection device employing a battery powered wireless device operating under conditions with a fully discharged battery or when the battery is discharged sufficiently to cause the device or system to render the moving door inoperative, shall be considered a single point fault for complying with Sec. Sec. 1211.5(b) and 1211.8(c). (h) Ambient light test for wireless device with IR communication. (1) An external entrapment protection device, when employing an IR communication shall operate as specified in Sec. 1211.8(a) through (e) as applicable; or is rendered inoperative (any case in which the operator will not complete a full cycle, open and close, of travel) when subjected to ambient light impinging at an angle of 15 to 20 degrees from the axis of the beam when tested in accordance with paragraph (h)(2) of this section. (2) An external entrapment protection device when employing an IR communication shall be set up at maximum range per paragraph (h)(1) of this section. The ambient light test described in Sec. 1211.11(e)(2) shall be conducted with the light source impinging on each IR receiver, one at a time that is part of the wireless control system between the external entrapment protection device and the operator. [81 FR 20231, Apr. 7, 2016, as amended at 83 FR 32569, July 13, 2018] Sec. 1211.11 Requirements for photoelectric sensors. (a) Normal operation test. When installed as described in Sec. 1211.10(a)(1) through (4), a photoelectric sensor of a vertically moving door shall sense an obstruction as described in paragraph (c) of this section that is to be placed on the floor at three points over the width of the door opening, at distances of 1 foot (305 mm) from each end and the midpoint. (b) Normal operation test--Horizontally moving door. When installed as described in Sec. 1211.10(a)(1) through (4), a photoelectric sensor of a horizontally moving door shall be tested per paragraph (c) of this section that is to be placed on a level surface within the path of the moving door. The sensor is to be tested with the obstruction at a total of five different locations over the height of the door or gate opening. The locations shall include distances 1 in (25.4 mm) from each end, 1 ft (305 mm) from each end, and the midpoint. (c) Normal operation test--Obstruction. The obstruction noted in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section shall consist of a white vertical surface 6 inches (152 mm) high by 12 inches (305 mm) long. The obstruction is to be centered in the opening perpendicular to the plane of the door when in the closed position. See Figure 3 to subpart A. (d) Sensitivity test. (1) When installed as described in Sec. 1211.10(a)(1) through (4), a photoelectric sensor shall sense the presence of a moving object when tested according to paragraph (d)(2) of this section. (2) The moving object is to consist of a 1 \7/8\ inch (47.6 mm) diameter cylindrical rod, 34\1/2\ inches (876 mm) long, with the axis point being 34 inches (864 mm) from the end. The axis point is to be fixed at a point centered directly above the beam of the photoelectric sensor 36 inches (914 mm) above the floor. The photoelectric sensor is to be mounted at the highest position as recommended by the manufacturer. The rod is to be swung as a pendulum through the photoelectric sensor's [[Page 402]] beam from a position 45 degrees from the plane of the door when in the closed position. See Figure 4 to subpart A. (3) The test described in paragraph (d)(2) of this section is to be conducted at three points over the width of the door opening, at distances of 1 foot (305 mm) from each end and the midpoint. (4) When the test fixture of Figure 4 to subpart A, prior to conduct of the test, interferes with the photoelectric sensor detection zone, the tests per paragraphs (d)(1) through (4) of this section may be conducted instead per paragraph (f)(4) of this section. (e) Ambient light test. (1) A photoelectric sensor shall operate as specified in Sec. 1211.8(a) and (c) when subjected to ambient light impinging at an angle of 15 to 20 degrees from the axis of the beam when tested according to paragraph (e)(2) of this section and, if appropriate, paragraph (e)(3) of this section. (2) To determine compliance with paragraph (e)(1) of this section, a 500 watt incandescent or equivalent minimum rated, 3600K or lower color rated flood lamp is to be energized from a 120-volt, 60-hertz source. The lamp is to be positioned 5 feet from the front of the receiver and aimed directly at the sensor at an angle of 15 to 20 degrees from the axis of the beam. See Figure 5 to subpart A. (3) If the photoelectric sensor uses a reflector, this test is to be repeated with the lamp aimed at the reflector. (4) During the test conditions described in paragraphs (e)(2) and (e)(3) of this section, a photoelectric sensor shall comply with the normal operation test requirements described in paragraph (a) of this section, and (i) A photoelectric sensor shall comply with sensitivity test requirements described in paragraph (d) of this section, and (ii) An edge sensor shall comply with the normal operation test requirements described in Sec. 1211.12. (f) Photoelectric sensor vertical arrays. (1) A vertical array shall be tested as required by paragraphs (a) through (e) of this section, except as noted in paragraphs (f)(2) through (5) of this section. (2) The array shall comply with the Normal Operation tests specified in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section, with the solid obstruction placed on the floor. In addition, the obstruction shall be placed at various locations over the height of the light curtain array in accordance with the light curtain coverage area per the manufacturer's instructions. (3) In conducting the tests specified in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section, when the product includes a blanking function whereby the light array is located directly in-line with the path of the door travel, and the door system is intended to detect any obstruction other than one in the ``next'' successive position that the door is programmed to travel, the obstruction is placed at any location other than the next successive door position expected by the system. (4) The array shall comply with the Sensitivity Test specified in paragraph (d) of this section, except that the edge of the pendulum nearest to the array is to be located 2 in. (50.8 mm) from one side of the plane of the array, rather than directly above one photoelectric sensor pair. For vertical arrays, this test need only be conducted with the test pendulum at the vertical height indicated in paragraph (d)(2) of this section. (5) When conducting the Ambient Light Test specified in paragraph (e) of this section, the position of the light source shall be aligned per paragraph (e)(2) of this section based on the axis of the lowest beam or detection zone. This arrangement shall be used to determine compliance with the requirements specified in paragraph (f)(2) of this section (with the obstruction at the floor level) and paragraph (f)(4) of this section, which are the only conditions for which the ambient light is required to be applied. [81 FR 20232, Apr. 7, 2016] Sec. 1211.12 Requirements for edge sensors. (a) Normal operation test. (1) When installed on a representative residential door edge, an edge sensor shall actuate upon the application of a 15 pounds (66.7 N) or less force in the direction of the application. For an edge sensor intended to be used on a sectional door, [[Page 403]] the force is to be applied by the longitudinal edge of a 1\7/8\ inch (47.6 mm) diameter cylinder placed across the switch so that the axis is perpendicular to the plane of the door. For an edge sensor intended to be used on a one piece door, the force is to be applied so that the axis is at an angle 30 degrees from the direction perpendicular to the plane of the door. See figure 6 to subpart A. (2) With respect to the test of paragraph (a)(1) of this section, the test is to be repeated at various representative points of the edge sensor across the width of the door. (3) Exception: The edge sensor need not be sensitive to actuation two inches (50.4 mm) or less from each end of the intended width of the door opening. (4)(i) An edge sensor, when installed on a representative door, shall actuate upon the application of a 15 lbf (66.7 N) or less force in the direction of the application when tested at room temperature 25 [deg]C 2 [deg]C (77 [deg]F 3.6 [deg]F) and, additionally, when intended for use with gate operators, shall actuate at 40 lbf (177.9 N) or less force when tested at -35 [deg]C 2 [deg]C (-31 [deg]F 3.6 [deg]F). (A) For an edge sensor intended to be used on a sectional door, the force is to be applied by the longitudinal edge of a 1\7/8\ in (47.6 mm) diameter cylinder placed across the sensor so that the axis is perpendicular to plane of the door. See Figures 6A and 6B to this subpart. (B) For an edge sensor intended to be used on a one piece door, swinging door, or swinging gate, the force is to be applied so that the axis is at an angle 30 degrees from the direction perpendicular to the plane of the door. See Figures 6C and 6D to this subpart. (C) For an edge sensor that wraps around the leading edge of a swinging one-piece door, providing activation in both directions of travel, the force is to be applied so that the axis is at an angle 30 degrees from the direction perpendicular to both the closing direction and the opening direction. See Figure 6E to this subpart. (ii) With respect to the Edge Sensor Test specified in paragraph (a)(4)(ii) of this section, the test is to be repeated at various representative points of the edge sensor across the length of the edge sensor. See Figures 6F and 6G to this subpart. (5) Residential garage door operators. (i) For vertically moving residential garage door operators intended to be used with an external edge sensor, with reference to 32.3.1(b), a 1\5/8\ in by 3\1/2\ in (41.3 mm by 88.9 mm) solid rectangular object not less than 6 in (152 mm) long is to be fixed in an immobile position at the fully closed position with the longitudinal axis perpendicular to the edge of the door. The 1\5/8\ in (41.3 mm) side of the obstruction facing the leading edge is to contact the moving door at various points along the width of the door. See Figure 6H to this subpart. (ii) For horizontally moving residential garage door operators intended to be used with an external edge sensor, with reference to 32.3.2(b), a 1\5/8\ in by 3\1/2\ in (41.3 mm by 88.9 mm) solid rectangular object not less than 6 in (152 mm) long is to be fixed in an immobile position with the longitudinal axis perpendicular to the edge of the door. The 1\5/8\ in (41.3 mm) side of the obstruction facing the leading edge is to contact the moving door at various points along the leading edge of the door. The same object is then to be arranged to contact the moving door at various points along the trailing edge of the door. See Figure 6I to this subpart. (b) Endurance test. An edge sensor system and associated components shall withstand 30,000 cycles of mechanical operation without failure. For this test, the edge sensor is to be cycled by the repetitive application of the force as described in paragraph (a)(4)(i) of this section but at room temperature only. The force is to be applied to the same location for the entire test. For an edge sensor system employing integral electric contact strips, this test shall be conducted with the contacts connected to a load no less severe than it controls in the operator. For the last 50 cycles of operation, the sensor shall function as intended when connected to an operator. (c) Elastomeric material conditioning test. (1) An elastomeric material used as a functional part of an edge sensor shall function as intended when subjected to: [[Page 404]] (i) Accelerated Aging Test of Gaskets, stated in paragraph (c)(3) of this section, (ii) Compliance to the Standard for Gaskets and Seals, UL 157, fulfills this requirement (see paragraph (c)(2) of this section for UL contact information); and (iii) Puncture Resistance Test, stated in paragraph (d) of this section. (2) An elastomeric material used for a functional part that is exposed to outdoor weather conditions when the door is in the closed position shall have physical properties as specified in the table to subpart A after being conditioned in accordance with the Ultraviolet Light Exposure Test described in UL 746C (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 1211.40). (3) Rubber compounds forming gaskets that are depended upon for protection from rain shall have physical properties as specified in table 1, before and after conditioning for 168 hours in an air- circulating oven at 70 [deg]C (158 [deg]F). (d) Puncture resistance test. (1) After being subjected to the tests described in paragraph (d)(2) or (3) of this section, an elastomeric material that is a functional part of an edge sensor shall: (i) Not be damaged in a manner that would adversely affect the intended operation of the edge sensor, and (ii) Maintain enclosure integrity if it serves to reduce the likelihood of contamination of electrical contacts. (2) For a vertically moving door, a sample of the edge sensor is to be installed in the intended manner on a representative door edge. The probe described in figure 7 to subpart A is to be applied with a 20 pound-force (89 N) to any point on the sensor that is 3 inches (76 mm) or less above the floor is to be applied in the direction specified in the Edge Sensor Normal Operation Test, Figure 6A or 6C to subpart A as applicable. The test is to be repeated on three locations on each surface of the sensor being tested. (3) For horizontally sliding doors, sample of the edge sensor is to be installed in the intended manner on a representative door edge. The probe described in figure 7 to subpart A is to be applied with a 20 lbf (89 N) to any point on the sensor when the door is within 3 in (76 mm) of its fully open position and within 3 in (76 mm) of any stationary wall. For each type of door, the force is to be applied in the direction specified in the Edge Sensor Normal Operation Test, Figure 6B to subpart A. The test is to be repeated on three locations on each surface of the sensor being tested. [57 FR 60455, Dec. 21, 1992, as amended at 62 FR 46667, Sept. 4, 1997; 65 FR 70659, Nov. 27, 2000; 81 FR 20233, Apr. 7, 2016; 83 FR 32569, July 13, 2018] Sec. 1211.13 Inherent force activated secondary door sensors. (a) General. (1) A force activated door sensor of a door system installed according to the installation instructions shall actuate in accordance with paragraphs (b) through (f) of this section, which are to be conducted in sequence on a single system sample, except for the separate test sequences of paragraph (a)(2) of this section. (2) The system shall actuate with the maximum and minimum specifications of the door, operator, and hardware. (3) Tests conducted per paragraphs (b) through (f) of this section shall be performed with the force exerted by a drive adjusted to its highest value if the force can be adjusted by the user during use or user maintenance. (4) The test cylinder referred to in paragraph (b)(7) of this section shall be a 1\7/8\ in (47.6 mm) diameter cylinder placed under the door so that the axis is perpendicular to the plane of the door. See figure 6A to subpart A. (5) The measuring device referred to in paragraph (b)(1) of this section shall: (i) Have an accuracy of 1%; (ii) Have a rise and fall time not exceeding 5 ms; (iii) Have the equivalence of a spring constant of 2855 lb/in 285 lb/in (500 N/mm, 50 N/mm); (iv) Be placed on a rigid, level surface; and (v) Have a rigid plate with a diameter of 3.1 in (80 mm). (vi) See paragraph (a)(6) of this section for test equipment alternatives for force measurements at 1 ft (305 mm) or greater for the tests conducted per paragraphs (b) and (d) of this section. (6) With regard to the alternative test equipment referred to in paragraph (a)(5)(vi) of this section, the test [[Page 405]] device described in paragraph (b)(5) of this section for force measurements at 1 foot (305 mm) or greater shall be: (i) A spring constant means such as specified in paragraph (a)(5) of this section; (ii) A gravity based weight displacing means that suspends a weight off its supporting surface upon exceeding 15 lbf (67 N) such as the example shown in figures 8 through 10 of this subpart if the equipment described in paragraph (a)(5) of this section is applied before the tests specified in paragraph (c) of this section and after the tests specified in paragraph (d) of this section at the 1 ft (305 mm) height specified in paragraph (b)(6) of this section; or (iii) The equivalent requirements of paragraphs (a)(6)(i) or (ii) of this section. (7) The cycles specified in paragraph (d) of this section are not required to be consecutive. Continuous operation of the motor without cooling is not required. (b) Closing force test. (1) The door shall stop and reverse within 2 seconds after contacting the obstruction. The door shall apply the following forces at the locations noted in paragraph (b)(2) of this section: (i) 90 lbf (400 N) or less average during the first 0.75 seconds after 15 lbf (67 N) is exceeded from initial impact; and (ii) 15 lbf (67 N) or less from 0.75 seconds after 15 lbf (67 N) is exceeded from initial impact until the door reverses. (2) The test referred to in paragraph (b)(1) of this section shall be conducted at the following test height and locations along the edge of the door: (i) The center point, at a height of 2 in (50.8) from the floor; (ii) Within 1 ft (305 mm) of the end of the door, at a height of 2 in (50.8) from the floor; and (iii) Within 1 ft (305 mm) of the other end of the door, at a height of 2 in (50.8) from the floor. (3) The maximum force specified in paragraph (b)(1) of this section shall be tested by the door applying a force against the longitudinal edge of the test cylinder described in paragraph (a)(4) of this section. (4) The equipment used to measure force for the test described in paragraph (b)(1) of this section shall be in accordance with the requirements of paragraph (a)(5) of this section. (5) The door shall stop and reverse within 2 seconds after contacting the obstruction. The door shall apply a load of 15 lbf (67 N) or less in the closing direction along the path of door travel at the locations noted in paragraph (b)(6) of this section. (6) The test described in paragraph (b)(5) of this section shall be conducted at the following points along the edge of the door: (i) At the center at heights of 1 ft, 3 ft, and 5 ft (305 mm, 914 mm and 1.52 m) from the floor; (ii) Within 1 ft (305 mm) of the end of the door, at heights of 1 ft, 3 ft, and 5 ft from the floor; and (iii) Within 1 ft of the other end of the door at heights of 1 ft, 3 ft, and 5 ft from the floor. (7) The maximum force described in paragraph (b)(5) of this section shall be tested by the door applying a force against the longitudinal edge of the test cylinder as described in paragraph (a)(4) of this section. (8) The equipment used to measure forces for the test described in paragraph (b)(1) of this section shall be in accordance with the requirements of paragraph (a)(5) or (6) of this section. (c) Opening force test. (1) The door shall stop within 2 seconds after a weight of 44 lb (20 kg) is applied to the door. (2) The test described in paragraph (c)(1) of this section shall be conducted with the door starting from the fully closed position and at heights of approximately 1 ft, 3 ft, and 5 ft (305 mm, 914 mm and 1.52 m) from the floor. (3) Test weight(s) shall be applied to sections of the door that are vertical in the initial stopped position for each test height prior to operator activation. (d) Fifty cycle test. (1) With the door(s) at the test point(s) determined by the tests described in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section to be most severe with respect to both reversal time and force, the door system shall function as intended after 50 cycles of operation. After the last cycle, the system shall complete one additional cycle of opening the door to its fully open condition [[Page 406]] and closing the door to its fully closed position. (2) The tests described in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section shall be repeated upon completion of cycling test. (e) Adjustment of door weight. At the point determined by the test described in paragraph (b)(5) of this section to be the most severe, weight is to be added to the door in 5.0 pound (2.26 Kg) increments and the tests of paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section are to be repeated until a total of 15.0 pounds (66.72 N) has been added to the door. Before performing each test cycle, the door is to be cycled 2 times to update the profile. Similarly, starting from normal weight plus 15.0 pounds, the tests described in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section are to be repeated by subtracting weight in 5.0 pound increments until a total of 15.0 pounds has been subtracted from the door. (f) Obstruction test. For a door traveling in the downward direction, when an inherent secondary entrapment protection device senses an obstruction and initiates a reversal, any control activation shall not move the door downward until the operator reverses the door a minimum of 2 inches (50.8 mm). The test is to be performed as described in Sec. 1211.7(b)(3)(iii). The system may be initially manually re- profiled for the purpose of this test. [81 FR 20233, Apr. 7, 2016, as amended at 83 FR 32570, July 13, 2018] Sec. 1211.14 Unattended operation requirements. (a) General requirements. (1) A residential garage door operator or system may permit unattended operation to close a garage door, provided the operator system complies with the additional requirements of paragraphs (b) through (e) of this section. (2) Unattended operation shall not be permitted on one-piece garage doors or swinging garage doors. An operator intended for use with both sectional doors and one-piece or swinging doors that have an unattended operation close feature shall identify that the unattended operation closing feature is only permitted to be enabled when installed with a sectional door by complying with: (i) The installation instructions stated in Sec. 1211.16(b)(1)(ii); (ii) The markings specified in Sec. 1211.17(h); and (iii) The carton markings specified in Sec. 1211.18(m) when the carton references the unattended operation close feature. (b) Operator system. The operator system shall require one or more intentional actions to enable unattended operation, such as setting a power head switch or wall-control switch. For an accessory requiring installation and set-up in order to enable unattended operation, the installation and set-up may be considered satisfying this requirement. (c) Alarm signal. (1) The operator system shall provide an audible and visual alarm signal. (2) The alarm shall signal for a minimum of 5 seconds before any unattended closing door movement. (3) The audible signal shall be heard within the confines of a garage. The audio alarm signals for the alarm specified in paragraph (c)(1) of this section shall be generated by devices such as bells, horns, sirens, or buzzers. The signal shall have a frequency in the range of 700 to 3400 Hz, either a cycle of the sound level pulsations of 4 to 5 per second or one continuous tone, a sound level at least 45 dB 10 ft (305 cm) in front of the device over the voltage range of operation. (4) The visual alarm signal described in paragraph (c)(1) of this section shall be visible within the confines of a garage using a flashing light of at least 40 watt incandescent or 360 lumens. The flash rate shall be at least once per second, with a duration of 100 ms to 900 ms, for the duration of the alarm. (d) Controls. (1) During the pre-motion signaling period defined in paragraph (c)(2) of this section, activation of any user door control (e.g., wall control, wireless remote, keypad) shall prevent the pending unattended door movement. Door movement resulting from activation of a user door control is not prohibited. (2) Upon activation of a user door control during unattended door movement, the door shall stop, and may reverse the door on the closing cycle. On the opening cycle, activation of a user [[Page 407]] door control shall stop the door but not reverse it. (3) If an unattended door travelling in the closing direction is stopped and reversed by an entrapment protection device, the operator system shall be permitted one additional unattended operation attempt to close the door. (4) After two attempts per paragraph (d)(3) of this section, the operator system shall suspend unattended operation. The operator system shall require a renewed, intended input, via user door control (e.g., wall control wireless remote, keypad) other than the unattended activation device, prior to re-enabling unattended operation. (e) Entrapment protection. For a moving door, entrapment protection shall comply with Sec. Sec. 1211.7 and 1211.8. (f) Unattended operation control accessory--(1) General. A residential garage door operator control accessory shall be permitted to be supplied separate from the operator, and may permit unattended operation to close a garage door, provided the control accessory complies with the additional requirements of paragraphs (f)(2) through (6) of this section. Exception: Unattended operation shall not be permitted on one-piece garage doors or swinging garage doors. A control accessory that has an unattended operation close feature shall identify that the unattended operation closing feature is only permitted to be enabled when installed with a sectional door by complying with: (i) The installation instructions of Sec. 1211.16 (b)(1)(ii); (ii) The markings of Sec. 1211.17(h); and (iii) the carton markings of Sec. 1211.18(m). (2) Operator system. The control accessory shall require one or more intentional actions to enable unattended operation to function when connected to an operator system, such as setting a power head switch or wall-control switch. For an accessory requiring installation and set-up in order to enable unattended operation, the installation and set-up may be considered satisfying this requirement. (3) Alarm signal. (i) The control accessory alone or in combination with the operator system shall provide an audible and visual alarm signal. (ii) The alarm shall signal for a minimum of 5 seconds before any unattended closing door movement, or before any door movement if the next direction of door travel cannot be determined. (iii) The audible signal shall be heard within the confines of a garage. The audio alarm signals for the alarm specified in paragraph (f)(3)(i) of this section shall be generated by devices such as bells, horns, sirens, or buzzers. The signal shall have a frequency in the range of 700 to 3400 Hz, either a cycle of the sound level pulsations of 4 to 5 per second or one continuous tone, a sound level at least 45 dB 10 ft (305 cm) in front of the device over the voltage range of operation. (iv) The visual alarm signal of paragraph (f)(3)(i) of this section shall be visible within the confines of a garage using a flashing light of at least 40 watt incandescent or 360 lumens. (v) When the visual alarm or the audio alarm, or both, are external to the control accessory and are not part of main operator unit, the control accessory shall monitor for the connection of and proper operation of both the visual and audible alarms, prior to initiating door travel. (4) Controls. (i) During the pre-motion signaling period defined in paragraph (f)(3)(ii) of this section, activation of any user door control (e.g. wall control, wireless remote, keypad) shall prevent the pending unattended door movement. Door movement resulting from activation of a user door control is not prohibited. (ii) Upon activation of a user door control during unattended door movement: (A) The operator shall function in the same manner as if the control accessory were not present; (B) The control accessory shall not interfere with, override, or alter the normal operation of the operator; and (C) The door shall stop, and may reverse the door on the closing cycle. On the opening cycle, activation of a user door control shall stop the door but not reverse it. (iii) If an unattended door travelling in the closing direction is stopped and reversed by an entrapment protection device, the control accessory alone or [[Page 408]] in combination with the operator system shall be permitted one additional unattended operation attempt to close the door. (iv) After two attempts per paragraph (d)(3) of this section, the control accessory alone or in combination with the operator system shall suspend unattended operation. The control accessory alone or in combination with the operator system shall require a renewed, intended input, via user door control (e.g., wall control, wireless remote, keypad) other than the unattended activation device, prior to re- enabling unattended operation. (5) Entrapment protection. (i) The control accessory shall not interfere with, override, or alter any entrapment protection features of the operator or system per Sec. Sec. 1211.7 and 1211.8. A control accessory that only provides a momentary signal (wired or wireless) to start the door is considered to comply with this requirement. (ii) A control accessory shall only be used with an operator when the combination of the operator and the control accessory comply with the applicable entrapment protection features including: (A) Inherent Primary Entrapment Protection, in accordance with Sec. 1211.7; (B) Secondary Entrapment Protection, in accordance with Sec. 1211.8. (iii) A control accessory shall be marked to indicate ``For use only with garage door operators complying with UL 325, manufactured after ____,'' or, ``For use only with the following garage door operators:____.'' The date (e.g., ``1993,'' ``February 21, 2008''), or the additional information provided in the blank shall be added by the accessory manufacturer such that the combination of the control and operator(s) it is intended for use with complies with paragraph (f)(5)(ii) of this section. This marking shall appear on the packaging and on the product, and shall be repeated in the instructions accompanying the accessory. (iv) To comply with paragraph (f)(5)(ii) of this section a control accessory shall comply with one or more of the following: (A) Not be capable of operating when connected to an operator that is not compliant with paragraph (f)(5)(ii) of this section; (B) Be restricted to function only with specific operators, such that the combination of the control and the operator are compliant with paragraph (f)(5)(ii) of this section; (C) Provide additional functionality to an operator or system such that when operating via the control accessory, the combination of the control accessory and the operator complies with paragraph (f)(5)(ii) of this section; (D) Be marked to indicate as indicated in paragraph (f)(5)(ii) of this section. (6) Instructions and markings. (i) The control accessory shall be provided with instructions as follows: (A) Instructions per Sec. 1211.16, as applicable. (B) Instructions that repeat any warning or cautionary product markings and field labels required below. (ii) The control accessory shall be provided with markings as follows: (A) Markings on the product per Sec. 1211.18, as applicable. (B) In lieu of Sec. 1211.18(m), the product package shall be marked with the following or equivalent: ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ``WARNING: To reduce the risk of injury to persons--Only enable [+] feature when installed with sectional door.'', where + is the unattended operation closing function, or ``WARNING: To reduce the risk of injury to persons--Do not use this device with one-piece doors or swinging doors.'' ------------------------------------------------------------------------ (C) On the package or the product--any other markings related to use of the control with specific operators, per paragraph (f)(5)(iii) of this section. (iii) The control accessory shall be provided with a label for field installation as required by Sec. 1211.17(c) through (g), including but not limited to Sec. 1211.17(g)(2)(v). [81 FR 20234, Apr. 7, 2016, as amended at 83 FR 32570, July 13, 2018] Sec. 1211.15 Vertically moving combination rigid one-piece overhead residential garage door and operator system. (a) A vertically moving combination rigid one-piece overhead residential garage door and operator system shall [[Page 409]] comply with the applicable residential garage door operator requirements in this standard and shall additionally comply with the following: (1) The speed of the door edge during the opening or closing motion shall not exceed 6 in (152 mm) per second. (2) The system shall be supplied with two additional independent secondary entrapment protection devices complying with Secondary Entrapment Protection, Sec. 1211.8. When photoelectric sensors are used, a minimum of two sensors in addition to a third secondary device shall be supplied. The instructions shall state that one photoelectric sensor shall be positioned to comply with Sec. 1211.11 and the other(s) shall be positioned on the left and right sides of the door to detect solid objects that would be within the space where the door moves as it opens or closes. (3) A means to manually detach both door operators from the door shall be provided. For systems where the mechanical drive is located on a wall adjacent to the door, the manual detachment means is not required to comply with Sec. 1211.9(a). Instead, the manual detachment means shall be located 5 ft (1.52 m) above the floor, shall not require a torque of more than 5 ft-lb (6.78 N-m) to initiate disconnection when the door is obstructed, and shall be clearly marked with operating instructions adjacent to the mechanism. The gripping surface (handle) shall be colored red and shall be distinguishable from the rest of the operator. The marking which includes instructions for detaching the operator shall be provided in accordance with Sec. 1211.17(a), (b), and (j) as applicable. (4) A means (interlock) shall be supplied to de-energize the operator whenever the operator is manually detached from the door. (5) A means (interlock) shall be supplied to de-energize the operator whenever an operable window or access (service) door that is mounted in the garage door is opened perpendicular to the surface of the garage door. (6) The door shall not move outward from the exterior wall surface during the opening or closing cycle. (7) The moving parts of the door or door system (mounting hardware, track assembly, and components that make up the door) shall be guarded. (8) A horizontal track assembly, including installation hardware, shall support a dead load equal to the door weight when the door is in the horizontal position. (9) Instructions for the installation of operable windows and access (service) doors and the interlocks specified in paragraph (a)(5) of this section shall be supplied with the operator. (b) [Reserved] [81 FR 20235, Apr. 7, 2016] Sec. 1211.16 Instruction manual. (a) General. (1) A residential garage door operator shall be provided with an instruction manual. The instruction manual shall give complete instructions for the installation, operation, and user maintenance of the operator. (2) Instructions that clearly detail installation and adjustment procedures required to effect proper operation of the safety means provided shall be provided with each door operator. (3) A residential garage door or door operator shall be provided with complete and specific instructions for the correct adjustment of the control mechanism and the need for periodic checking and, if needed, adjustment of the control mechanism so as to maintain satisfactory operation of the door. (4) The instruction manual shall include the important instructions specified in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section. All required text shall be legible and contrast with the background. Upper case letters of required text shall be no less than \5/64\ inch (2.0 mm) high and lower case letters shall be no less than \1/16\ inch (1.6 mm) high. Heading such as ``Important Installation Instructions,'' ``Important Safety Instructions,'' ``Save These Instructions'' and the words ``Warning--To reduce the risk of severe injury or death to persons:'' shall be in letters no less than \3/16\ inch (4.8 mm) high. (5) The instructions listed in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section shall be in the exact words specified or shall be in equally definitive terminology to those specified. No substitutes shall be used for the word ``Warning.'' The items may be numbered. The first and last items specified [[Page 410]] in paragraph (b)(2) of this section shall be first and last respectively. Other important and precautionary items considered appropriate by the manufacturer may be inserted. (6) The instructions listed in paragraph (b)(1) of this section shall be located immediately prior to the installation instructions. The instructions listed in paragraph (b)(2) of this section shall be located immediately prior to user operation and maintenance instructions. In each case, the instructions shall be separate in format from other detailed instructions related to installation, operation and maintenance of the operator. All instructions, except installation instructions, shall be a permanent part of the manual(s). (7) For an operator or system provided with an external entrapment protection device requiring a non-rechargeable battery, instructions shall be provided with the operator and/or the device for: (i) The rating, size, number, and type of battery(s) to be used; and (ii) The proper insertion, polarity, orientation, and replacement of the battery(s). (8) For an operator or system provided with an external entrapment protection device or system utilizing wireless control, instructions shall be provided with the operator and/or the device for: (i) The proper method of configuring and initializing the wireless communication link between device and operator; (ii) The proper orientation, antenna positioning, and mounting location with regard to maintaining communication link between device and operator; (iii) The maximum range at which the wireless device will operate; and (iv) The proper location of the device where the transmission of the signals are not obstructed or impeded by building structures, natural landscaping or similar obstruction. (9) When provided with a detachable supply cord, the operator instructions shall contain complete details concerning proper selection of the power supply cord replacement. (10) The installation, operation, and maintenance instructions may be provided in electronic read-only media format only, such as CD-ROM, USB flash drive, or company Web site, if the following instructions are additionally provided with the operator in an instruction sheet, manual, booklet, or similar printed material: (i) Residential garage doors and door operators, instructions of this section, as applicable. (ii) [Reserved] (11) The printed instruction material referenced in this section shall contain detailed instructions of how to obtain a printed copy of the material contained in electronic format. (12) All printed instruction material referenced in this section shall also be provided in the electronic read-only media format. (13) Instructions of a combination sectional overhead garage door operator system shall specify: (i) The operator by manufacturer and model; (ii) The door(s) by manufacturer(s), model(s), and maximum and minimum door width and height required for compliance to Sec. 1211.6(a) and (c); and (iii) Hardware required for compliance to Sec. 1211.6(a) and (c). (14) Installation and maintenance instructions of a combination sectional overhead garage door operator system shall indicate how to properly counter-balance the door. (b) Specific required instructions for residential garage door operators and systems. (1)(i) The Installation Instructions shall include the following instructions: Important Installation Instructions Warning--To reduce the risk of severe injury or death: 1. Read and follow all Installation Instructions. 2. Install only a properly balanced garage door. An improperly balanced door could cause severe injury. Have a qualified service person make repairs to cables, spring assemblies and other hardware before installing opener. 3. Remove all pull ropes and remove, or make inoperative, all locks connected to the garage door before installing opener. 4. Where possible, install door opener 7 feet or more above the floor. For products requiring an emergency release, mount the emergency release within reach, but at least 6 [[Page 411]] feet above the floor and avoiding contact with vehicles to avoid accidental release. 5. Do not connect opener to source of power until instructed to do so. 6. Locate control button: (a) Within sight of door, (b) at a minimum height of 5 feet above floors, landings, steps, or any other adjacent walking surface so small children cannot reach it, and (c) away from all moving parts of the door. 7. Install Entrapment Warning Label next to the control button in a prominent location. Install the Emergency Release Marking. Attach the marking on or next to the emergency release. 8. After installing opener, the door must reverse when it contacts a 1\1/2\ inch high object (or a 2 by 4 board laid flat) on the floor. 9. For products having a manual release, instruct the end user on the operation of the manual release. 10. For horizontally sliding doors, Item 2 shall be replaced with ``Have a qualified service person make repairs and hardware adjustments before installing the opener.'' (ii) In accordance with Sec. 1211.14(a)(2), the installation instructions in paragraph (b)(1) of this section for a residential garage door operator intended for use with both sectional and one-piece door that has an unattended operation close feature shall comply with paragraph (b)(1) of this section and include: ``WARNING: To reduce the risk of injury to persons--Only enable [+] feature when installed with a sectional door,'' where + is the unattended operation function. (iii) Exception: For operators that automatically sense one piece door operation, the warning in paragraph (b)(1)(ii) of this section is not required. (iv) For residential garage door operators that do not have permanent connection of the wiring system, the installation instructions shall include the following or equivalent text: ``This operator not equipped for permanent wiring. Contact licensed electrician to install a suitable receptacle if one is not available.'' (2) The User Instructions shall include the following instructions: IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS Warning--To reduce the risk of severe injury or death: 1. READ AND FOLLOW ALL INSTRUCTIONS. 2. Never let children operate, or play with door controls. Keep the remote control away from children. 3. Always keep the moving door in sight and away from people and objects until it is completely closed. No one should cross the path of the moving door. 4. NEVER GO UNDER A STOPPED PARTIALLY OPEN DOOR. 5. Test door opener monthly. The garage door MUST reverse on contact with a 1\1/2\ inch object (or a 2 by 4 board laid flat) on the floor. After adjusting either the force or the limit of travel, retest the door opener. Failure to adjust the opener properly may cause severe injury or death. 6. For products requiring an emergency release, if possible, use the emergency release only when the door is closed. Use caution when using this release with the door open. Weak or broken springs may allow the door to fall rapidly, causing injury or death. 7. KEEP GARAGE DOOR PROPERLY BALANCE. See user's manual. An improperly balanced door could cause severe injury or death. Have a qualified service person make repairs to cables, spring assemblies and other hardware. 8. For operator systems equipped with an unattended operation feature, the following statement shall be included: ``This operator system is equipped with an unattended operation feature. The door could move unexpectedly. NO ONE SHOULD CROSS THE PATH OF THE MOVING DOOR.'' 9. SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS. 10. For horizontally moving doors, Item 4 shall be replaced with ``NEVER GO THROUGH A STOPPED, PARTIALLY OPEN DOOR''. 11. For horizontally moving doors, Item 6 is not required. 12. For horizontally moving doors, Item 7 shall be replaced with ``Have a qualified service person make repairs and hardware adjustments before installing the opener.'' 13. The installation instructions provided with a combination rigid one-piece overhead residential garage door and operator system shall specify the locations where attachments to the horizontal track shall be made for the purpose of supporting the track. [81 FR 20235, Apr. 7, 2016] Sec. 1211.17 Field-installed labels. (a) A residential garage door operator shall be provided with labels for field installation and constructed as specified in paragraphs (c) through (i) of this section. The labels shall be acceptable for permanent installation. The instruction manual shall specify where the labels are to be located. (b) If labels secured by adhesive are used, the instruction shall specify that [[Page 412]] an additional mechanical means shall be used to secure the labels to surfaces to which the adhesive will not adhere. (c) A residential garage door operator shall be provided with a cautionary label intended for permanent installation to identify the possible risk of entrapment. The instruction manual shall direct that the label be affixed near the wall-mounted control button. (d) The label required in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section shall be in a vertical layout with three panels: (1) A signal word panel, (2) A pictorial panel, and (3) A message panel, with adjacent panels delineated from each other by a horizontal black line. The entire label shall be surrounded by a black border and shall measure at least 5 inches (127 mm) wide by 6\1/4\ inches (159 mm) long overall. (e) The signal word panel as specified in paragraph (d) of this section shall contain the word ``WARNING,'' in uppercase letters, preceded by a safety alert symbol consisting of an orange exclamation mark on a black solid equilateral triangle background with the point of the triangle oriented upward. The word ``WARNING'' and the safety alert symbol shall be centered on one line and shall be in black letters at least \7/16\ inch (11.1 mm) high on an orange background. (f) The pictorial panel as specified in paragraph (d) of this section shall be positioned between the signal word panel and the message panel. The pictorial shall be black on a white background and shall clearly depict a child running toward or under a garage door. A red prohibition symbol (slash, oriented from the upper left to the lower right, through a circle) shall be superimposed over, and totally surround, the pictorial. The pictorial shall have an overall diameter of 1-7\1/8\ inch (47.6 mm) minimum. (g) The message panel as specified in paragraph (d) of this section shall include the following text or an equivalent wording: (1) Possible Risk and Consequence Statement--``There is a risk of a child becoming trapped under an automatic garage door resulting in severe injury or death.'' (2) Avoidance Statements-- (i) ``Do not allow children to walk or run under a closing door.'' (ii) ``Do not allow children to operate door operator controls.'' (iii) ``Always keep a closing door within sight.'' (iv) ``In the event a person is trapped under the door, push the control button or use the emergency release.'' For products not having an emergency release use instead ``In the event a person is trapped under the door, push the control button.'' (v) For products equipped with an unattended operation feature, the instructions shall include the following: ``This operator system is equipped with an unattended operation feature. The door could move unexpectedly.'' (3) Instructions-- (i) ``Test Door Operator Monthly: Use a 1\1/2\ inch thick object placed on the floor under the closing door. In the event the door does not reverse upon contact, adjust, repair, or replace the operator.'' (ii) Additional instructions on not removing or painting over the label, mounting the label adjacent to the wall control, and mounting the wall control out of children's reach shall be provided. These additional instruction shall be in less prominent lettering than those in paragraph (g)(3)(i) of this section. (h)(1) In accordance with Sec. 1211.14(a)(2), the instructions of a residential garage door operator intended for use with both sectional doors and either one-piece or swinging doors and are provided with an unattended operation feature shall comply with paragraph (g) of this section and include the following under the avoidance statements of paragraph (g)(2) of this section: ``Only enable [+] feature when installed with a sectional door.'', or equivalent, where + is the unattended operation closing function. (2) For operators that automatically sense one piece door operation, this warning is not required. (i) The lettering of the message panel described in paragraph (g) of this section shall be black on a white background and shall be sans serif letters in combinations of upper case and lower [[Page 413]] case letters. The upper case letters of the Possible Risk and Consequence Statements and Avoidance Statements shall be \1/8\ inch (3.18 mm) high minimum. The lettering of the Possible Risk and Consequence Statement shall be in italics, underlined, bold, or the like, and shall be double spaced from the Avoidance Statements. All other instructions shall be in letters less prominent than the Possible Risk and Consequence Statements and shall be separated with at least a single space between individual instructions. (j) Except for door operators complying with Sec. 1211.9(b), a residential garage door operator shall be provided with a cautionary marking attached to or adjacent at all times to the means provided to detach the operator from the garage door. The marking shall include the following statement or the equivalent: ``If the door becomes obstructed, detach door from operator as follows: (The method to detach the operator shall be shown on the marking.)'' (k) Both the operator and the door that comprise a combination sectional overhead garage door operator system shall be provided with permanent labels. The labels shall contain the following statement or the equivalent: ``WARNING: THIS OPERATOR AND DOOR FUNCTION AS A SYSTEM. IF EITHER THE DOOR OR THE HARDWARE MUST BE REPLACED, THE REPLACEMENT DOOR OR HARDWARE MUST BE IDENTICAL TO THE ORIGINAL EQUIPMENT WITH RESPECT TO MANUFACTURER AND MODEL TO MAINTAIN THE SAFETY OF THE SYSTEM. SEE INSTRUCTION MANUAL.'' The marking shall be visible to the user after installation without the need to remove any covers. (l) A label specified in paragraph (m) of this section when intended to be affixed during installation shall: (1) Be provided with the operator or door assembly; and (2) Have installation instructions of how and where to install the label so that it is visible to the user after installation. (m) The operator of a combination sectional overhead garage door operator system shall be provided with a permanent marking that contains the following statement or the equivalent: ``NO USER SERVICEABLE PARTS INSIDE.'' [57 FR 60455, Dec. 21, 1992. Redesignated and amended at 65 FR 70659, Nov. 27, 2000. Further redesignated and amended at 81 FR 20234, 20237, Apr. 7, 2016] Sec. 1211.18 UL marking requirements. (a) Unless specifically excepted, marking required in this standard shall be permanent. Ink-printed and stenciled markings, decalcomania labels, and pressure sensitive labels are among the types of marking that are considered acceptable if they are acceptably applied and are of good quality. (b) Except as provided below, a garage door operator shall be plainly marked, at a location where the marking will be readily visible--after installation, in the case of a permanently connected appliance--with: (1) The manufacturer's name, trademark, or other descriptive marking by which the organization responsible for the product may be identified--hereinafter referred to as the manufacturer's name; (2) The catalog number or the equivalent; (3) The voltage, frequency, and input in amperes, VA, or watts. The ampere or VA rating shall be included unless the full-load power factor is 80 percent or more, or, for a cord-connected appliance, unless the rating is 50 W or less. The number of phases shall be indicated when an appliance is for use on a polyphase circuit; and (4) The date or other dating period of manufacture not exceeding any three consecutive months. (c) The date code repetition cycle shall not be less than 20 years. (d) Exception No. 1: The manufacturer's identification may be in a traceable code if the operator is identified by the brand or trademark owned by a private labeler. (e) Exception No. 2: The date of manufacture may be abbreviated or in an established or otherwise accepted code. (f) Exception No 3: The input in amperes or watts may be shown as part of the motor nameplate, if the appliance employs a single motor, the nameplate is readily visible after the appliance has been installed. [[Page 414]] (g) If a manufacturer produces or assembles operators at more than one factory, each finished operator shall have a distinctive marking, which may be in code, to identify it as the product of a particular factory. (h) The carton and the instruction manual for an operator shall be marked with the word ``WARNING'' and the following or the equivalent: ``To reduce the risk of injury to persons--Use this operator only with (a) ___ door(s).'' (i) For products with user adjustments, a residential garage door operator shall be marked with the word ``WARNING'' and the following or equivalent, ``Risk of entrapment. After adjusting either the force or limits of travel adjustments, insure that the door reverses on a 1\1/2\ inch (or a 2 by 4 board laid flat) high obstruction on the floor.'' This marking shall be located where visible to the user when making the adjustments. (j) For a separately supplied accessory, including external entrapment protection device, the instructions, packaging, or marking on the product shall indicate the accessory manufacturer's name and or model number and the type of appliance or appliances with which it is intended to be used--such as a residential garage door operator. Additionally, installation instructions, accompanying specifications sheet, or packaging of the accessory shall identify the appliance or appliances with which it is intended to be used by specifying the manufacturer's name and catalog or model number or by any other positive means to serve the identification purpose. (k) An appliance provided with terminals or connectors for connection of a separately supplied accessory, such as an external entrapment protection device or system, shall be marked to identify the accessory intended to be connected to the terminals or connectors. The accessory identification shall be by manufacturer's name and catalog or model number or other means to allow for the identification of accessories intended for use with the appliance. (l) With reference to paragraph (k) of this section, instructions for installing a separately supplied accessory shall be provided. A statement shall be included in the instructions warning the user that the appliance must be disconnected from the source of supply before attempting the installation of the accessory. (m)(1) In accordance with Sec. 1211.14(a)(2), a residential garage door operator intended for use with both sectional and one-piece or swinging door that has an unattended operation close feature indicating the function in the carton markings shall include the following carton marking: ``WARNING: To reduce the risk of injury to persons--Only enable [+] feature when installed with sectional door,'' where + is the unattended operation closing function. (2) Exception: For operators that automatically sense one piece door operation, this warning is not required. (n) A residential garage door operator is not required to be provided with permanent wiring systems when marked with the following or equivalent text: ``This operator not equipped for permanent wiring. Contact licensed electrician to install a suitable receptacle if one is not available.'' This marking is to be placed adjacent to the power cord entry. [57 FR 60455, Dec. 21, 1992. Redesignated at 65 FR 70659, Nov. 27, 2000. Further redesignated and amended at 81 FR 20234, 20237, Apr. 7, 2016] Sec. 1211.19 Statutory labeling requirement. (a) A manufacturer selling or offering for sale in the United States an automatic residential garage door operator manufactured on or after January 1, 1991, shall clearly identify on any container of the system and on the system the month or week and year the system was manufactured and its conformance with the requirements of this part. (b) The display of the UL logo or listing mark, and compliance with the date marking requirements stated in Sec. 1211.18 of this subpart, on both the container and the system, shall satisfy the requirements of this subpart. [57 FR 60455, Dec. 21, 1992. Redesignated at 65 FR 70659, Nov. 27, 2000. Further redesignated and amended at 81 FR 20234, 20238, Apr. 7, 2016] [[Page 415]] Sec. Figures 1-10 to Subpart A of Part 1211 [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR07AP16.031 [81 FR 20238, Apr. 7, 2016] [[Page 416]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR07AP16.200 [81 FR 20238, Apr. 7, 2016] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR07AP16.201 [[Page 417]] [81 FR 20238, Apr. 7, 2016] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR07AP16.202 [81 FR 20238, Apr. 7, 2016] [[Page 418]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR07AP16.203 [81 FR 20238, Apr. 7, 2016] [[Page 419]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR13JY18.000 [83 FR 32571, July 13, 2018] [[Page 420]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR13JY18.001 [83 FR 32571, July 13, 2018] [[Page 421]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR13JY18.002 [83 FR 32571, July 13, 2018] [[Page 422]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR13JY18.003 [83 FR 32571, July 13, 2018] [[Page 423]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR13JY18.004 [83 FR 32571, July 13, 2018] [[Page 424]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR13JY18.005 [83 FR 32571, July 13, 2018] [[Page 425]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR13JY18.006 [83 FR 32571, July 13, 2018] [[Page 426]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR13JY18.007 [83 FR 32571, July 13, 2018] [[Page 427]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR13JY18.008 [83 FR 32571, July 13, 2018] [[Page 428]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR07AP16.205 [81 FR 20238, Apr. 7, 2016] [[Page 429]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR07AP16.035 [81 FR 20238, Apr. 7, 2016] [[Page 430]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR07AP16.036 [81 FR 20238, Apr. 7, 2016] [[Page 431]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR07AP16.037 [81 FR 20238, Apr. 7, 2016] [[Page 432]] Sec. Table 1 to Subpart A of Part 1211--Physical Properties of Gasket- Accelerated Aging Test [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR07AP16.038 [81 FR 20238, Apr. 7, 2016] Subpart B_Certification Source: 57 FR 60468, Dec. 21, 1992, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1211.20 Purpose, scope, and application. (a) Purpose. Section 14(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Act, 15 U.S.C. 2063(a), requires every manufacturer (including importers) and private labeler of a product which is subject to a consumer product safety standard to issue a certificate that the product conforms to the applicable standard, and to base that certificate either on a test of each product or on a ``reasonable testing program.'' The purpose of this subpart is to establish requirements that manufacturers and importers of automatic residential garage door operators subject to the Safety Standard for Automatic Residential Garage Door Operators (16 CFR part 1211, subpart A), shall issue certificates of compliance in the form specified. (b) Scope and application. The provisions of this subpart apply to all residential garage door operators which are subject to the requirements of the Safety Standard for Automatic Residential Garage Door Operators that take effect on January 1, 1993 or later. Sec. 1211.21 Effective date. Under the Consumer Product Safety Act, automatic residential garage door [[Page 433]] operators must certify that they comply with requirements of subpart A of this part. This certification requirement is currently in effect. The specific labeling requirement of the certification rule in this subpart will become effective for any automatic residential garage door operator manufactured on or after January 21, 1993. Sec. 1211.22 Definitions. The following definitions shall apply to this subpart: (a) Private labeler means an owner of a brand or trademark which is used on an operator subject to the standard and which is not the brand or trademark of the manufacturer of the operator, provided the owner of the brand or trademark caused or authorized the operator to be so labeled and the brand or trademark of the manufacturer of such operator does not appear on the label. (b) Production lot means a quantity of garage door operators from which certain operators are selected for testing prior to certifying the lot. All garage door operators in a lot must be essentially identical in those design, construction, and material features which relate to the ability of an operator to comply with the standard. (c) Reasonable testing program means any test or series of tests which are identical or equivalent to, or more stringent than, the tests defined in the standard and which are performed on one or more garage door operators of the production lot for the purpose of determining whether there is reasonable assurance that the operators in that lot comply with the requirements of the standard. Sec. 1211.23 Certification testing. (a) General. Manufacturers and importers shall either test each individual garage door operator (or have it tested) or shall rely upon a reasonable testing program to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of the standard. (b) Reasonable testing program. This paragraph provides guidance for establishing a reasonable testing program. (1) A reasonable testing program for automatic residential garage door operators is one that provides reasonable assurance that the operators comply with the standard. Manufacturers and importers may define their own testing programs. Such reasonable testing programs may, at the option of manufacturers and importers, be conducted by an independent third party qualified to perform such testing programs. (2) To conduct a reasonable testing program, the garage door operators should be divided into production lots. Sample operators from each production lot should be tested in accordance with the reasonable testing program so that there is a reasonable assurance that if the operators selected for testing meet the standard, all operators in the lot will meet the standard. Where there is a change in parts, suppliers of parts, or production methods that could affect the ability of the operator to comply with the requirements of the standard, the manufacturer should establish a new production lot for testing. (3) The Commission will test for compliance with the standard by using the test procedures contained in the standard. However, a manufacturer's reasonable testing program may include either tests prescribed in the standard or any other reasonable test procedures. (4) If the reasonable testing program shows that an operator does not comply with one or more requirements of the standard, no operator in the production lot can be certified as complying until all non-complying operators in the lot have been identified and destroyed or altered by repair, redesign, or use of a different material or components to the extent necessary to make them conform to the standard. The sale or offering for sale of garage door operators that do not comply with the standard is a prohibited act and a violation of section 19(a) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2068(a)), regardless of whether the operator has been validly certified. Sec. 1211.24 Product certification and labeling by manufacturers. (a) Form of permanent label of certification. Manufacturers (including importers) shall issue certificates of compliance for automatic residential garage door operators manufactured after the effective date of the standard in the form of a permanent label which can reasonable be expected to remain [[Page 434]] on the operator during the entire period the operator is capable of being used. Such labeling shall be deemed to be a ``certificate'' of compliance as that term is used in section 14 of the CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2063. (b) Exception for UL listed operators. The certification labeling requirement of paragraph (a) of this section shall be satisfied by display of the Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. (UL) logo or listing mark, and compliance with the date marking requirements of UL Standard for Safety 325, on both the operator system and its container. Operators displaying the UL logo or listing mark and complying with the UL standard are exempt from the requirements of paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section. (c) Contents of certification label. The certification labels required by this section shall clearly and legibly contain the following information: (1) The statement ``Meets CPSC ____ (insert 1993 or later date of applicable standard) garage door operator entrapment protection requirements.'' (2) An identification of the production lot. (d) Placement of the label. The label required by this section must be affixed to the operator. If the label is not immediately visible to the ultimate purchaser of the garage door operator prior to purchase because of packaging or other marketing practices, a second label that states: ``Meets CPSC ____ (insert 1993 or later date of applicable standard) garage door operator entrapment protection requirements,'' along with the month or week and year of manufacture must appear on the container or, if the container is not visible, on the promotional material used with the sale of the operator. Sec. 1211.25 Product certification and labeling by importers. (a) General. The importer of any automatic residential garage door operator subject to the standard in subpart A of this part must issue the certificate of compliance required by section 14(a) of the CPSA and Sec. 1211.24 of this subpart. If testing of each operator, or a reasonable testing program, meeting the requirements of this subpart has been performed by or for the foreign manufacturer of the product, the importer may rely in good faith on such tests to support the certificate of compliance provided the importer is a resident of the United States or has a resident agent in the United States and the records of such tests required by Sec. 1211.31 of subpart C of this part are maintained in the United States. (b) Responsibility of importer. If the importer relies on tests by the foreign manufacturer to support the certificate of compliance, the importer bears the responsibility for examining the records supplied by the manufacturer to determine that the records of such tests appear to comply with Sec. 1211.31 of subpart C of this part. Subpart C_Recordkeeping Source: 57 FR 60468, Dec. 21, 1992, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1211.30 Effective date. The recordkeeping requirements in this subpart shall become effective on January 21, 1993, and shall apply to automatic residential garage door operators manufactured on or after that date. Sec. 1211.31 Recordkeeping requirements. (a) General. Every person issuing certificates of compliance for automatic residential garage door operators subject to the standard set forth in subpart A of this part shall maintain written records which show that the certificates are based on a test of each operator or on a reasonable testing program. The records shall be maintained for a period of at least three years from the date of certification of each operator or the last operator in each production lot. These records shall be available to any designated officer or employee of the Commission upon request in accordance with section 16(b) of the CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2065(b). (b) Content of records. Records shall identify the operators tested and the production lot and describe the tests the operators were subjected to in sufficient detail so the tests may be replicated. Records shall also provide the results of the tests including the precise nature of any failures, and specific actions taken to address any failures. [[Page 435]] (c) Format for records. The records required to be maintained by this section may be in any appropriate form or format that clearly provides the required information. Subpart D_Incorporation by Reference Source: 81 FR 20245, Apr. 7, 2016, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1211.40 Incorporation by reference. (a) Certain material is incorporated by reference into this part with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. All approved material is available for inspection at Consumer Product Safety Commission, Office of the Secretary, 4330 East-West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone 302- 504-7923 and is available from the sources listed below. It is also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030 or go to http://www.archives.gov/ federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. (b) Door and Access Systems Manufacturers' Association, International (DASMA), 1300 Sumner Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44115-2851, Telephone: (216) 241-7333, http://www.dasma.com/dasma-pages/D-AS- standards.asp. (1) ANSI/DASMA 102, Specifications for Sectional Doors, 2011 revision, dated May 19, 2011, into Sec. 1211.6(c). (2) [Reserved] (c) National Fire Prevention Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02269-9101, Telephone: (800) 344-3555, http:// www.nfpa.org/. (1) NFPA 70, National Electrical Code, 2014 edition, effective August 21, 2013, into Sec. 1211.2(c). (2) [Reserved] (d) UL, formerly Underwriters Laboratories, International, 151 Eastern Avenue, Bensenville, IL 60106, Telephone: 1-888-853-3503, http:/ /ulstandards.ul.com/. (1) UL 325, Standard for Safety: Door, Drapery, Gate, Louver, and Window Operators and Systems, SUPPLEMENT SA--(Normative)--UL 60335-1/ CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60335-1 Based Requirements for the Evaluation of Electronic Circuits, Seventh Edition, May 19, 2017, into Sec. Sec. 1211.4 and 1211.5. (2) UL 746C, Standard for Safety: Polymeric Materials--Use in Electrical Equipment Evaluations, Sixth Edition, dated September 10, 2004, into Sec. Sec. 1211.10(d) and (e) and 1211.12(c). (3) UL 991, Standard for Safety: Tests for Safety-Related Controls Employing Solid-State Devices, Third Edition, dated October 22, 2004, into Sec. Sec. 1211.4(c) and 1211.5(b)(3). (4) UL 1998, Standard for Safety: Software in Programmable Components, Third Edition, December 18, 2013, into Sec. 1211.8(f). [81 FR 20245, Apr. 7, 2016, as amended at 83 FR 32579, July 13, 2018] PART 1212_SAFETY STANDARD FOR MULTI-PURPOSE LIGHTERS--Table of Contents Subpart A_Requirements for Child-Resistance Sec. 1212.1 Scope, application, and effective date. 1212.2 Definitions. 1212.3 Requirements for multi-purpose lighters. 1212.4 Test protocol. 1212.5 Findings. Subpart B_Certification Requirements 1212.11 General. 1212.12 Certificate of compliance. 1212.13 Certification tests. 1212.14 Qualification testing. 1212.15 Specifications. 1212.16 Production testing. 1212.17 Recordkeeping and reporting. 1212.18 Refusal of importation. Subpart C_Stockpiling 1212.20 Stockpiling. Appendix A to Part 1212--Findings Under the Consumer Product Safety Act Source: 64 FR 71872, Dec. 22, 1999, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_Requirements for Child-Resistance Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2056, 2058, 2079(d). [[Page 436]] Sec. 1212.1 Scope, application, and effective date. This part 1212, a consumer product safety standard, prescribes requirements for multi-purpose lighters. These requirements are intended to make the multi-purpose lighters subject to the standard's provisions resistant to successful operation by children younger than 5 years of age. This standard applies to all multi-purpose lighters, as defined in Sec. 1212.2, that are manufactured in the United States, or imported, on or after December 22, 2000. Sec. 1212.2 Definitions. As used in this part 1212: (a)(1) Multi-purpose lighter, (also known as grill lighter, fireplace lighter, utility lighter, micro-torch, or gas match, etc.) means: A hand-held, flame-producing product that operates on fuel, incorporates an ignition mechanism, and is used by consumers to ignite items such as candles, fuel for fireplaces, charcoal or gas-fired grills, camp fires, camp stoves, lanterns, fuel-fired appliances or devices, or pilot lights, or for uses such as soldering or brazing. Some multi-purpose lighters have a feature that allows for hands-free operation. (2) The following products are not multi-purpose lighters: (i) Devices intended primarily for igniting cigarettes, cigars, and pipes, whether or not such devices are subject to the requirements of the Safety Standard for Cigarette Lighters (16 CFR part 1210). (ii) Devices containing more than 10 oz. of fuel. (iii) Matches. (b) Successful operation means one signal of any duration from a surrogate multi-purpose lighter within either of the two 5-minute test periods specified in Sec. 1212.4(f). (c)(1) Surrogate multi-purpose lighter means a device that (i) Approximates the appearance, size, shape, and weight of, and is identical in all other factors that affect child resistance (including operation and the force(s) required for operation), within reasonable manufacturing tolerances, to, a multi-purpose lighter intended for use by consumers, (ii) Has no fuel, (iii) Does not produce a flame, and (iv) produces an audible, or audible and visual, signal that will be clearly discernible when the surrogate multi-purpose lighter is activated in each manner that would produce a flame in a fueled production multi-purpose lighter. (2) This definition does not require a multi-purpose lighter to be modified with electronics or the like to produce a signal. Manufacturers may use a multi-purpose lighter without fuel as a surrogate multi- purpose lighter if a distinct audible signal, such as a ``click,'' can be heard clearly when the mechanism is operated in each manner that would produce a flame in a production lighter and if a flame cannot be produced in a production multi-purpose lighter without the signal. But see Sec. 1212.4(f)(1). (d) Child-resistant mechanism means the mechanism of a multi-purpose lighter that makes the lighter resist successful operation by young children, as specified in Sec. 1212.3. (e) Model means one or more multi-purpose lighters from the same manufacturer or importer that do not differ in design or other characteristics in any manner that may affect child resistance. Lighter characteristics that may affect child resistance include, but are not limited to, size, shape, case material, and ignition mechanism (including child-resistant features). Sec. 1212.3 Requirements for multi-purpose lighters. (a) A multi-purpose lighter subject to this part 1212 shall be resistant to successful operation by at least 85% of the child-test panel when tested in the manner prescribed by Sec. 1212.4. (b) The child-resistant mechanism of a multi-purpose lighter subject to this part 1212 must: (1) Operate safely when used in a normal and convenient manner, (2) Comply with this Sec. 1212.3 for the reasonably expected life of the lighter, (3) Not be easy to deactivate or prevent from complying with this Sec. 1212.3. (4) Except as provided in paragraph (b)(5) of this section, automatically reset when or before the user lets go of the lighter. [[Page 437]] (5) The child-resistant mechanism of a multi-purpose lighter subject to this part 1212 that allows hands-free operation must: (i) Require operation of an additional feature (e.g., lock, switch, etc.) after a flame is achieved before hands-free operation can occur; (ii) Have a manual mechanism for turning off the flame when the hands-free function is used; and either (iii) Automatically reset when or before the user lets go of the lighter when the hands-free function is not used; or (iv) Automatically reset when or before the user lets go of the lighter after turning off the flame when the hands-free feature is used. Sec. 1212.4 Test protocol. (a) Child test panel. (1) The test to determine if a multi-purpose lighter is resistant to successful operation by children uses a panel of children to test a surrogate multi-purpose lighter representing the production multi-purpose lighter. Written informed consent shall be obtained from a parent or legal guardian of a child before the child participates in the test. (2) The test shall be conducted using at least one, but no more than two, 100-child test panels in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1212.4(f). (3) The children for the test panel shall live within the United States. (4) The age and sex distribution of each 100-child panel shall be: (i) 302 children (20 1 males; 101 females) 42 through 44 months old; (ii) 402 children (261 males; 141 females) 45 through 48 months old; (iii) 302 children (201 males; 101 females) 49 through 51 months old. Note to paragraph (a)(4): To calculate a child's age in months: Subtract the child's birth date from the test date. The following calculation shows how to determine the age of the child at the time of the test. Both dates are expressed numerically as Month-Day-Year. Example: Test Date (e.g., 8/3/94) minus Birth Date--(e.g., 6/23/90). Subtract the number for the year of birth from the number for the year of the test (i.e., 94 minus 90 = 4). Multiply the difference in years by 12 months (i.e., 4 years x 12 months = 48 months). Subtract the number for the month of the birth date from the number of the month of the test date (i.e., 8 minus 6 = 2 months). Add the difference in months obtained above to the number of months represented by the difference in years described above (48 months + 2 months = 50 months). If the difference in days is greater than 15 (e.g., 16, 17 . . .), add 1 month. If the difference in days is less than -15 (e.g., -16, -17), subtract 1 month (e.g., 50 months-1 month = 49 months). If the difference in days is between -15 and 15 (e.g., -15, -14, . . . 14, 15), do not add or subtract a month. (5) No child with a permanent or temporary illness, injury, or handicap that would interfere with the child's ability to operate the surrogate multi-purpose lighter shall participate. (6) Two children at a time shall participate in testing of surrogate multi-purpose lighters. Extra children whose results will not be counted in the test may be used if necessary to provide the required partner for test subjects, if the extra children are within the required age range and a parent or guardian of each such child has signed a consent form. (7) No child shall participate in more than one test panel or test more than one surrogate multi-purpose lighter. No child shall participate in both surrogate multi-purpose lighter testing and either surrogate cigarette lighter testing or child-resistant package testing on the same day. (b) Test sites, environment, and adult testers. (1) Surrogate multi- purpose lighters shall be tested within the United States at 5 or more test sites throughout the geographical area for each 100-child panel if the sites are the customary nursery schools or day care centers of the participating children. No more than 20 children shall be tested at each site. In the alternative, surrogate multi-purpose lighters may be tested within the United States at one or more central locations, provided the participating children are drawn from a variety of geographical locations. (2) Testing of surrogate multi-purpose lighters shall be conducted in a room that is familiar to the children on the test panel (for example, a room the children frequent at their customary nursery school or day care center). If the testing is conducted in a room that initially is unfamiliar to the children (for example, a room at a central location), the tester shall allow at [[Page 438]] least 5 minutes for the children to become accustomed to the new environment before starting the test. The area in which the testing is conducted shall be well-lighted and isolated from distractions. The children shall be allowed freedom of movement to work with their surrogate multi-purpose lighters, as long as the tester can watch both children at the same time. Two children at a time shall participate in testing of surrogate multi-purpose lighters. The children shall be seated side by side in chairs approximately 6 inches apart, across a table from the tester. The table shall be normal table height for the children, so that they can sit up at the table with their legs underneath and so that their arms will be at a comfortable height when on top of the table. The children's chairs shall be ``child size.'' (3) Each tester shall be at least 18 years old. Five or 6 adult testers shall be used for each 100-child test panel. Each tester shall test an approximately equal number of children from the 100-child test panel (202 children each for 5 testers and 172 children each for 6 testers). Note: When a test is initiated with five testers and one tester drops out, a sixth tester may be added to complete the testing. When a test is initiated with six testers and one tester drops out, the test shall be completed using the five remaining testers. When a tester drops out, the requirement for each tester to test an approximately equal number of children does not apply to that tester. When testing is initiated with five testers, no tester shall test more than 19 children until it is certain that the test can be completed with five testers. (c) Surrogate multi-purpose lighters. (1) Six surrogate multi- purpose lighters shall be used for each 100-child panel. The six multi- purpose lighters shall represent the range of forces required for operation of multi-purpose lighters intended for use. All of these surrogate multi-purpose lighters shall have the same visual appearance, including color. The surrogate multi-purpose lighters shall be labeled with sequential numbers beginning with the number one. The same six surrogate multi-purpose lighters shall be used for the entire 100-child panel. The surrogate multi-purpose lighters may be used in more than one 100-child panel test. The surrogate multi-purpose lighters shall not be damaged or jarred during storage or transportation. The surrogate multi- purpose lighters shall not be exposed to extreme heat or cold. The surrogate multi-purpose lighters shall be tested at room temperature. No surrogate multi-purpose lighter shall be left unattended. (2) Each surrogate multi-purpose lighter shall be tested by an approximately equal number of children in a 100-child test panel (172 children). Note: If a surrogate multi-purpose lighter is permanently damaged, testing shall continue with the remaining multi-purpose lighters. When a multi-purpose lighter is dropped out, the requirement that each multi- purpose lighter be tested by an approximately equal number of children does not apply to that lighter. (3) Before each 100-child panel is tested, each surrogate multi- purpose lighter shall be examined to verify that it approximates the appearance, size, shape, and weight of a production multi-purpose lighter intended for use. (4) Before and after each 100-child panel is tested, force measurements shall be taken on all operating components that could affect child resistance to verify that they are within reasonable operating tolerances for the corresponding production multi-purpose lighter. (5) Before and after testing surrogate multi-purpose lighters with each child, each surrogate multi-purpose lighter shall be operated outside the presence of any child participating in the test to verify that it produces a signal. If the surrogate multi-purpose lighter will not produce a signal before the test, it shall be repaired before it is used in testing. If the surrogate multi-purpose lighter does not produce a signal when it is operated after the test, the results for the preceding test with that multi-purpose lighter shall be eliminated. An explanation shall be recorded on the data collection record. The multi- purpose lighter shall be repaired and tested with another eligible child (as one of a pair of children) to complete the test panel. (d) Encouragement. (1) Prior to the test, the tester shall talk to the children in a normal and friendly tone to [[Page 439]] make them feel at ease and to gain their confidence. (2) The tester shall tell the children that he or she needs their help for a special job. The children shall not be promised a reward of any kind for participating, and shall not be told that the test is a game or contest or that it is fun. (3) The tester shall not discourage a child from attempting to operate the surrogate multi-purpose lighter at any time (either verbally or with body language such as facial expressions), unless a child is in danger of hurting himself or another child. The tester shall not discuss the dangers of multi-purpose lighters or matches with the children to be tested prior to the end of the 10-minute test. (4) Whenever a child has stopped attempting to operate the surrogate multi-purpose lighter for a period of approximately one minute, the tester shall encourage the child to try by saying ``keep trying for just a little longer.'' (5) Whenever a child says that his or her parent, grandparent, guardian, etc., said never to touch lighters, say ``that's right--never touch a real lighter--but your [parent, etc.] said it was OK for you to try to make a noise with this special lighter because it can't hurt you.'' (6) The children in a pair being tested may encourage each other to operate the surrogate multi-purpose lighter and may tell or show each other how to operate it. (This interaction is not considered to be disruption as described in paragraph (e)(2) of this section.) However, neither child shall be allowed to touch or operate the other child's multi-purpose lighter. If one child takes the other child's surrogate multi-purpose lighter, that surrogate lighter shall be immediately returned to the proper child. If this occurs, the tester shall say ``No. He (she) has to try to do it himself (herself).'' (e) Children who refuse to participate. (1) If a child becomes upset or afraid, and cannot be reassured before the test starts, select another eligible child for participation in that pair. (2) If a child disrupts the participation of another child for more than 1 minute during the test, the test shall be stopped and both children eliminated from the results. An explanation shall be recorded on the data collection record. These two children should be replaced with other eligible children to complete the test panel. (3) If a child is not disruptive but refuses to attempt to operate the surrogate multi-purpose lighter throughout the entire test period, that child shall be eliminated from the test results and an explanation shall be recorded on the data collection record. The child shall be replaced with another eligible child (as one of a pair of children) to complete the test panel. (f) Test procedure. (1) To begin the test, the tester shall say ``I have a special lighter that will not make a flame. It makes a noise like this.'' Except where doing so would block the child's view of a visual signal, the adult tester shall place a 8\1/2\ by 11 inch sheet of cardboard or other rigid opaque material upright on the table in front of the surrogate multi-purpose lighter, so that the surrogate multi- purpose lighter cannot be seen by the child, and shall operate the surrogate multi-purpose lighter once to produce its signal. The tester shall say ``Your parents said it is OK for you to try to make that noise with your lighter.'' The tester shall place a surrogate multi-purpose lighter in each child's hand and say ``now you try to make a noise with your lighter. Keep trying until I tell you to stop.'' Note: For multi-purpose lighters with an ``off/on'' switch, the surrogate lighter shall be given to the child with the switch in the ``on,'' or unlocked, position. (2) The adult tester shall observe the children for 5 minutes to determine if either or both of the children can successfully operate the surrogate multi-purpose lighter by producing one signal of any duration. If a child achieves a spark without defeating the child-resistant feature, say ``that's a spark--it won't hurt you--try to make a noise with your lighter.'' If any child successfully operates the surrogate multi-purpose lighter during this first 5-minute period, the lighter shall be taken from that child and the child shall not be asked to try to operate the lighter again. The tester shall ask the [[Page 440]] successful child to remain until the other child is finished. (3) If either or both of the children are unable to successfully operate the surrogate multi-purpose lighter during the 5-minute period specified in Sec. 1212.4(f) (3), the adult tester shall demonstrate the operation of the surrogate multi-purpose lighter. To conduct the demonstration, secure the children's full attention by saying ``Okay, give me your lighter(s) now.'' Take the surrogate multi-purpose lighters and place them on the table in front of you out of the children's reach. Then say, ``I'll show you how to make the noise with your lighters. First I'll show you with (child's name) lighter and then I'll show you with (child's name) lighter.'' Pick up the first child's surrogate multi-purpose lighter. Hold the lighter approximately 2 feet in front of the children at their eye level. Hold the surrogate multi-purpose lighter in a comfortable operating position in one hand so both children can see the operation of the child-resistant mechanism and the ignition mechanism during each demonstration. Say ``now watch the lighter.'' Look at each child to verify that they are both looking at the lighter. Operate the multi-purpose lighter one time in a normal manner according to the manufacturer's instructions. Do not exaggerate operating movements. Do not verbally describe the lighter's operation. Place the first child's lighter back on the table in front of you and pick up the second child's lighter. Say, ``Okay, now watch this lighter.'' Repeat the demonstration as described above using the second child's multi- purpose lighter. Note to paragraph (f)(3): The demonstration is conducted with each child's lighter, even if one child has successfully operated the lighter. Testers shall conduct the demonstration in a uniform manner, including the words spoken to the children, the way the multi-purpose lighter is held and operated, and how the tester's hand and body is oriented to the children. All testers must be able to operate the surrogate multi-purpose lighters using only appropriate operating movements in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. If any of these requirements are not met during the demonstration for any pair of children, the results for that pair of children shall be eliminated from the test. Another pair of eligible children shall be used to complete the test panel. (4) Each child who fails to successfully operate the surrogate multi-purpose lighter in the first 5 minutes is then given another 5 minutes in which to attempt to complete the successful operation of the surrogate multi-purpose lighter. After the demonstrations, give the same surrogate multi-purpose lighter back to each child who did not successfully operate the surrogate multi-purpose lighter in the first 5 minutes by placing the multi-purpose lighter in the child's hand. Say ``Okay, now you try to make the noise with your lighter(s)--keep trying until I tell you to stop.'' If any child successfully operates the surrogate multi-purpose lighter during this period, the surrogate multi- purpose lighter shall be taken from that child and the child shall not be asked to try to operate the lighter again. If the other child has not yet successfully operated the surrogate multi-purpose lighter, the tester shall ask the successful child to remain until the other child is finished. Note: Multi-purpose lighters with an on/off switch shall have the switch returned to the position the child left it at the end of the first 5-minute test period before returning the lighter to the child. (5) At the end of the second 5-minute test period, take the surrogate multi-purpose lighter from any child who has not successfully operated it. (6) After the test is over, ask the children to stand next to you. Look at the children's faces and say: ``These are special lighters that don't make fire. Real lighters can burn you. Will you both promise me that if you find a real lighter you won't touch it and that you'll tell a grownup right away?'' Wait for an affirmative response from each child; then thank the children for helping. (7) Escort the children out of the room used for testing. (8) After a child has participated in the testing of a surrogate multi-purpose lighter, and on the same day, provide written notice of that fact to the child's parent or guardian. This notification may be in the form of a letter provided to the school to be given to a parent or guardian of each child. The notification shall state that the child participated, shall ask the parent or guardian to warn the child not to play [[Page 441]] with lighters or matches, and shall remind the parent or guardian to keep all lighters and matches, whether child-resistant or not, out of the reach of children. For children who operated the surrogate multi- purpose lighter, the notification shall state that the child was able to operate the child-resistant multi-purpose lighter. For children who do not defeat the child-resistant feature, the notification shall state that, although the child did not defeat the child-resistant feature, the child may be able to do so in the future. (g) Data collection and recording. Except for recording the times required for the children to activate the signal, recording of data should be avoided while the children are trying to operate the multi- purpose lighters, so that the tester's full attention is on the children during the test period. If actual testing is videotaped, the camera shall be stationary and shall be operated remotely in order to avoid distracting the children. Any photographs shall be taken after actual testing and shall simulate actual test procedure(s) (for example, the demonstration). The following data shall be collected and recorded for each child in the 100-child test panel: (1) Sex (male or female). (2) Date of birth (month, day, year). (3) Age (in months, to the nearest month). (4) The number of the multi-purpose lighter tested by that child. (5) Date of participation in the test (month, day, year). (6) Location where the test was given (city, state, and the name of the site). (7) The name of the tester who conducted the test. (8) The elapsed time at which the child achieved any operation of the surrogate signal in the first 5-minute test period. (9) The elapsed time at which the child achieved any operation of the surrogate signal in the second 5-minute test period. (10) For a single pair of children from each 100-child test panel, photograph(s) or video tape to show how the multi-purpose lighter was held in the tester's hand, and the orientation of the tester's body and hand to the children, during the demonstration. (h) Evaluation of test results and acceptance criterion. To determine whether a surrogate multi-purpose lighter resists operation by at least 85% of the children, sequential panels of 100 children each, up to a maximum of 2 panels, shall be tested as prescribed below. (1) If no more than 10 children in the first 100-child test panel successfully operated the surrogate multi-purpose lighter, the multi- purpose lighter represented by the surrogate multi-purpose lighter shall be considered to be resistant to successful operation by at least 85% of the child test panel, and no further testing is conducted. If 11 through 18 children in the first 100-child test panel successfully operate the surrogate multi-purpose lighter, the test results are inconclusive, and the surrogate multi-purpose lighter shall be tested with a second 100- child test panel in accordance with this Sec. 1212.4. If 19 or more of the children in the first 100-child test panel successfully operated the surrogate multi-purpose lighter, the lighter represented by the surrogate shall be considered not resistant to successful operation by at least 85% of the child test panel, and no further testing is conducted. (2)(i) If additional testing of the surrogate multi-purpose lighter is required by paragraph (h)(1) of this section, conduct the test specified by this Sec. 1212.4 using a second 100-child test panel and record the results. If a total of no more than 30 of the children in the combined first and second 100-child test panels successfully operated the surrogate multi-purpose lighter, the multi-purpose lighter represented by the surrogate multi-purpose lighter shall be considered resistant to successful operation by at least 85% of the child test panel, and no further testing is performed. If a total of 31 or more children in the combined first and second 100-child test panels successfully operate the surrogate multi-purpose lighter, the multi- purpose lighter represented by the surrogate shall be considered not resistant to successful operation by 85% of the child test panel, and no further testing is conducted. (ii) Thus, for the first panel of 100 children, the surrogate passes if there are 0-10 successful operations by the children; the surrogate fails if there [[Page 442]] are 19 or greater successful operations; and testing is continued if there are 11-18 successes. If testing is continued with a second panel of children, the surrogate passes if the combined total of the successful operations of the two panels is 30 or less, and it fails if there are 31 or more. Sec. 1212.5 Findings. (a) Before issuing a final rule, the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA), 15 U.S.C. 2058(f)(1), requires the Commission to consider and make appropriate findings for inclusion in the rule with respect to: (1) The degree and nature of the risk of injury the rule is designed to eliminate or reduce; (2) The approximate number of consumer products, or types or classes thereof, subject to such rule; (3) The need of the public for the consumer products subject to such rule, and the probable effect of such rule, upon the utility, cost, or availability of such products to meet such need; and (4) Any means of achieving the objective of the order while minimizing adverse effects on competition or disruption or dislocation of manufacturing and other commercial practices consistent with the public health and safety (b) The CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2058(f)(3), also requires the Commission to make the following findings before it promulgates a rule, and to include such findings in the rule: (1) That the rule (including its effective date) is reasonably necessary to eliminate or reduce an unreasonable risk of injury associated with such product; (2) That the promulgation of the rule is in the public interest; (3) That the benefits expected from the rule bear a reasonable relationship to its costs; and (4) That the rule imposes the least burdensome requirement that prevents or adequately reduces the risk of injury for which the rule is being promulgated. (c) The required findings are included as appendix A to this part 1212. Subpart B_Certification Requirements Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2063, 2065(b), 2066(g), 2076(e), 2079(d). Sec. 1212.11 General. Section 14(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA), 15 U.S.C. 2063(a), requires every manufacturer, private labeler, or importer of a product that is subject to a consumer product safety standard and that is distributed in commerce to issue a certificate that such product conforms to the applicable standard and to base that certificate upon a test of each item or upon a reasonable testing program. The purpose of this subpart B of part 1212 is to establish requirements that manufacturers, importers, and private labelers must follow to certify that their products comply with the Safety Standard for Multi-purpose lighters. This Subpart B describes the minimum features of a reasonable testing program and includes requirements for labeling, recordkeeping, and reporting pursuant to sections 14, 16(b), 17(g), and 27(e) of the CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2063, 2065(b), 2066(g), and 2076(e). Sec. 1212.12 Certificate of compliance. (a) General requirements--(1) Manufacturers (including importers). Manufacturers of any multi-purpose lighter subject to the standard must issue the certificate of compliance required by section 14(a) of the CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2063(a), and this subpart B, based on a reasonable testing program or a test of each product, as required by Sec. Sec. 1212.13, 1212.14, and 1212.16. Manufacturers must also label each multi- purpose lighter subject to the standard as required by paragraph (c) of this section and keep the records and make the reports required by Sec. Sec. 1212.15 and 1212.17. For purposes of this requirement, an importer of multi-purpose lighters shall be considered the ``manufacturer.'' (2) Private labelers. Because private labelers necessarily obtain their products from a manufacturer or importer that is already required to issue the certificate, private labelers are not required to issue a certificate. However, private labelers must ensure that the multi- purpose lighters are labeled in [[Page 443]] accordance with paragraph (c) of this section and that any certificate of compliance that is supplied with each shipping unit of multi-purpose lighters in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section is supplied to any distributor or retailer who receives the product from the private labeler. (3) Testing on behalf of importers. (i) If the required testing has been performed by or for a foreign manufacturer of a product, an importer may rely on such tests to support the certificate of compliance, provided that: (A) The importer is a resident of the United States or has a resident agent in the United States and (B) The records are in English and the records and the surrogate multi-purpose lighters tested are kept in the United States and can be provided to the Commission within 48 hours (Sec. 1212.17(a)) or, in the case of production records, can be provided to the Commission within 7 calendar days in accordance with Sec. 1212.17(a)(3). (ii) The importer is responsible for ensuring that: (A) The foreign manufacturer's records show that all testing used to support the certificate of compliance has been performed properly (Sec. Sec. 1212.14-1212.16), (B) The records provide a reasonable assurance that all multi- purpose lighters imported comply with the standard (Sec. 1212.13(b)(1)), (C) The records exist in English (Sec. 1212.17(a)), (D) The importer knows where the required records and multi-purpose lighters are located and that records required to be located in the United States are located there, (E) Arrangements have been made so that any records required to be kept in the United States will be provided to the Commission within 48 hours of a request and any records not kept in the United States will be provided to the Commission within 7 calendar days (Sec. 1212.17(a)), and (F) The information required by Sec. 1212.17(b) to be provided to the Commission's Office of Compliance has been provided. (b) Certificate of compliance. A certificate of compliance must accompany each shipping unit of the product (for example, a case), or otherwise be furnished to any distributor or retailer to whom the product is sold or delivered by the manufacturer, private labeler, or importer. The certificate shall state: (1) That the product ``complies with the Consumer Product Safety Standard for Multi-purpose lighters (16 CFR part 1212)'', (2) The name and address of the manufacturer or importer issuing the certificate or of the private labeler, and (3) The date(s) of manufacture and, if different from the address in paragraph (b)(2) of this section, the address of the place of manufacture. (c) Labeling. The manufacturer or importer must label each multi- purpose lighter with the following information, which may be in code. (1) An identification of the period of time, not to exceed 31 days, during which the multi-purpose lighter was manufactured. (2) An identification of the manufacturer of the multi-purpose lighter, unless the multi-purpose lighter bears a private label. If the multi-purpose lighter bears a private label, it shall bear a code mark or other label that will permit the seller of the multi-purpose lighter to identify the manufacturer to the purchaser upon request. Sec. 1212.13 Certification tests. (a) General. As explained in Sec. 1212.11 of this subpart, certificates of compliance required by section 14(a) of the CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2063(a), must be based on a reasonable testing program. (b) Reasonable testing programs--(1) Requirements. (i) A reasonable testing program for multi-purpose lighters is one that demonstrates with a high degree of assurance that all multi-purpose lighters manufactured for sale or distributed in commerce will meet the requirements of the standard, including the requirements of Sec. 1212.3. Manufacturers and importers shall determine the types and frequency of testing for their own reasonable testing programs. A reasonable testing program should be sufficiently stringent that it will detect any variations in production or performance during the production interval that would cause any multi-purpose lighters to fail to meet the requirements of the standard. [[Page 444]] (ii) All reasonable testing programs shall include: (A) Qualification tests, which must be performed on surrogates of each model of multi-purpose lighter produced, or to be produced, to demonstrate that the product is capable of passing the tests prescribed by the standard (see Sec. 1212.14) and (B) Production tests, which must be performed during appropriate production intervals as long as the product is being manufactured (see Sec. 1212.16). (iii) Corrective action and/or additional testing must be performed whenever certification tests of samples of the product give results that do not provide a high degree of assurance that all multi-purpose lighters manufactured during the applicable production interval will pass the tests of the standard. (2) Testing by third parties. At the option of the manufacturer or importer, some or all of the testing of each multi-purpose lighter or multi-purpose lighter surrogate may be performed by a commercial testing laboratory or other third party. However, the manufacturer or importer must ensure that all certification testing has been properly performed with passing results and that all records of such tests are maintained in accordance with Sec. 1212.17 of this subpart. Sec. 1212.14 Qualification testing. (a) Testing. Before any manufacturer or importer of multi-purpose lighters distributes multi-purpose lighters in commerce in the United States, surrogate multi-purpose lighters of each model shall be tested in accordance with Sec. 1212.4 to ensure that all such multi-purpose lighters comply with the standard. However, if a manufacturer has tested one model of multi-purpose lighter, and then wishes to distribute another model of multi-purpose lighter that differs from the first model only by differences that would not have an adverse effect on child resistance, the second model need not be tested in accordance with Sec. 1212.4. (b) Product modifications. If any changes are made to a product after initial qualification testing that could adversely affect the ability of the product to meet the requirements of the standard, additional qualification tests must be made on surrogates for the changed product before the changed multi-purpose lighters are distributed in commerce. (c) Requalification. If a manufacturer or importer chooses to requalify a multi-purpose lighter design after it has been in production, this may be done by following the testing procedures at Sec. 1212.4. Sec. 1212.15 Specifications. (a) Requirement. Before any multi-purpose lighters that are subject to the standard are distributed in commerce, the manufacturer or importer shall ensure that the surrogate multi-purpose lighters used for qualification testing under Sec. 1212.14 are described in a written product specification. (Section 1212.4(c) requires that six surrogate multi-purpose lighters be used for testing each 100-child panel.) (b) Contents of specification. The product specification shall include the following information: (1) A complete description of the multi-purpose lighter, including size, shape, weight, fuel, fuel capacity, ignition mechanism, and child- resistant features. (2) A detailed description of all dimensions, force requirements, or other features that could affect the child-resistance of the multi- purpose lighter, including the manufacturer's tolerances for each such dimension or force requirement. (3) Any further information, including, but not limited to, model names or numbers, necessary to adequately describe the multi-purpose lighters and any child-resistant features. Sec. 1212.16 Production testing. (a) General. Manufacturers and importers shall test samples of multi-purpose lighters subject to the standard as they are manufactured, to demonstrate that the multi-purpose lighters meet the specifications, required under Sec. 1212.15, of the surrogate that has been shown by qualification testing to meet the requirements of the standard. (b) Types and frequency of testing. Manufacturers, private labelers, and importers shall determine the types of [[Page 445]] tests for production testing. Each production test shall be conducted at a production interval short enough to provide a high degree of assurance that, if the samples selected for testing pass the production tests, all other multi-purpose lighters produced during the interval will meet the standard. (c) Test failure--(1) Sale of multi-purpose lighters. If any test yields results which indicate that any multi-purpose lighters manufactured during the production interval may not meet the standard, production and distribution in commerce of multi-purpose lighters that may not comply with the standard must cease until it is determined that the lighters meet the standard or until corrective action is taken. (It may be necessary to modify the multi-purpose lighters or perform additional tests to ensure that only complying multi-purpose lighters are distributed in commerce. Multi-purpose lighters from other production intervals having test results showing that multi-purpose lighters from that interval comply with the standard could be produced and distributed unless there was some reason to believe that they might not comply with the standard.) (2) Corrective actions. When any production test fails to provide a high degree of assurance that all multi-purpose lighters comply with the standard, corrective action must be taken. Corrective action may include changes in the manufacturing process, the assembly process, the equipment used to manufacture the product, or the product's materials or design. The corrective action must provide a high degree of assurance that all multi-purpose lighters produced after the corrective action will comply with the standard. If the corrective action changes the product from the surrogate used for qualification testing in a manner that could adversely affect its child-resistance, the multi-purpose lighter must undergo new qualification tests in accordance with Sec. 1212.14. Sec. 1212.17 Recordkeeping and reporting. (a) Every manufacturer and importer of lighters subject to the standard shall maintain the following records in English on paper, microfiche, or similar media and make such records available to any designated officer or employee of the Commission in accordance with section 16(b) of the Consumer Product Safety Act, 15 U.S.C. 2065(b). Such records must also be kept in the United States and provided to the Commission within 48 hours of receipt of a request from any employee of the Commission, except as provided in paragraph (a)(3) of this section. Legible copies of original records may be used to comply with these requirements. (1) Records of qualification testing, including a description of the tests, photograph(s) or a video tape for a single pair of children from each 100-child test panel to show how the lighter was held in the tester's hand, and the orientation of the tester's body and hand to the children, during the demonstration, the dates of the tests, the data required by Sec. 1212.4(d), the actual surrogate lighters tested, and the results of the tests, including video tape records, if any. These records shall be kept for a period of 3 years after the production of the particular model to which such tests relate has ceased. If requalification tests are undertaken in accordance with Sec. 1212.14(c), the original qualification test results may be discarded 3 years after the requalification testing, and the requalification test results and surrogates, and the other information required in this subsection for qualifications tests, shall be kept in lieu thereof. (2) Records of procedures used for production testing required by this subpart B, including a description of the types of tests conducted (in sufficient detail that they may be replicated), the production interval selected, the sampling scheme, and the pass/reject criterion. These records shall be kept for a period of 3 years after production of the lighter has ceased. (3) Records of production testing, including the test results, the date and location of testing, and records of corrective actions taken, which in turn includes the specific actions taken to improve the design or manufacture or to correct any noncomplying lighter, the date the actions were taken, the test result or failure that triggered the actions, and the additional actions taken [[Page 446]] to ensure that the corrective action had the intended effect. These records shall be kept for a period of 3 years following the date of testing. Records of production testing results may be kept on paper, microfiche, computer tape, or other retrievable media. Where records are kept on computer tape or other retrievable media, however, the records shall be made available to the Commission on paper copies upon request. A manufacturer or importer of a lighter that is not manufactured in the United States may maintain the production records required by this paragraph (a)(3) outside the United States, but shall make such records available to the Commission in the United States within 1 week of a request from a Commission employee for access to those records under section 16(b) of the CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2065(b). (4) Records of specifications required under Sec. 1212.15 shall be kept for 3 years after production of each lighter model has ceased. (b) Reporting. At least 30 days before it first imports or distributes in commerce any model of lighter subject to the standard, every manufacturer and importer must provide a written report to the Office of Compliance, Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East-West Highway, Room 610, Bethesda, Maryland 20814-4408. Such report shall include: (1) The name, address, and principal place of business of the manufacturer or importer, (2) A detailed description of the lighter model and the child- resistant feature(s) used in that model, (3) A description of the qualification testing, including a description of the surrogate lighters tested (including a description of the point in the operation at which the surrogate will signal operation--e.g., the distance by which a trigger must be moved), the specification of the surrogate lighter required by Sec. 1212.15, a summary of the results of all such tests, the dates the tests were performed, the location(s) of such tests, and the identity of the organization that conducted the tests, (4) An identification of the place or places that the lighters were or will be manufactured, (5) The location(s) where the records required to be maintained by paragraph (a) of this section are kept, and (6) A prototype or production unit of that lighter model. (c) Confidentiality. Persons who believe that any information required to be submitted or made available to the Commission is trade secret or otherwise confidential shall request that the information be considered exempt from disclosure by the Commission, in accordance with 16 CFR 1015.18. Requests for confidentiality of records provided to the Commission will be handled in accordance with section 6(a)(2) of the CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2055(a)(2), the Freedom of Information Act as amended, 5 U.S.C. 552, and the Commission's regulations under that act, 16 CFR part 1015. Sec. 1212.18 Refusal of importation. (a) For noncompliance with reporting and recordkeeping requirements. The Commission has determined that compliance with the recordkeeping and reporting requirements of this subpart is necessary to ensure that lighters comply with this part 1212. Therefore, pursuant to section 17(g) of the CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2066(g), the Commission may refuse to permit importation of any lighters with respect to which the manufacturer or importer has not complied with the recordkeeping and reporting requirements of this subpart. Since the records are required to demonstrate that production lighters comply with the specifications for the surrogate, the Commission may refuse importation of lighters if production lighters do not comply with the specifications required by this subpart, or if any other recordkeeping or reporting requirement in this part is violated. (b) For noncompliance with this standard or for lack of a certification certificate. As provided in section 17(a) of the CPSA, 15 U.S.C. 2066(a), products subject to this standard shall be refused admission into the customs territory of the United States if, among other reasons, the product either fails to comply with this standard or is not accompanied by the certificate required by this standard. [[Page 447]] Subpart C_Stockpiling Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2058(g)(2), 2065(b), 2079(d) Sec. 1212.20 Stockpiling. (a) Definition. ``Stockpiling'' means to manufacture or import a product that is subject to a consumer product safety rule between the date of issuance of the rule and its effective date at a rate which is significantly greater than the rate at which such product was produced or imported during a base period. (b) Base period. For purposes of this rule, ``base period'' means the 1-year period ending December 21, 1999. (c) Prohibited act. Manufacturers and importers of multi-purpose lighters shall not manufacture or import such lighters that do not comply with the requirements of this part between December 22, 1999 and December 22, 2000, at a rate that is greater than the rate of production or importation during the base period plus 20 per cent of that rate. (d) Reporting and recordkeeping requirements. All firms and persons who make or import multi-purpose lighters, after the date of publication of this rule, that do not meet the requirements of this standard, shall supply the Commission's Office of Compliance with: (1) Supporting information to establish the number of multi-purpose lighters made or imported during the base period. This information shall be submitted by January 21, 2000. (2) Supporting information to establish the number of lighters made or imported during the year following publication of the final rule. This information shall be submitted within 10 days of the end of each calendar month, for lighters shipped within that month. (3) Supporting information shall be sufficient to identify the manufacturer or importer, the party to which the lighters were sold, the destination of the lighters, and shall include copies of relevant invoices and importation documents. Sec. Appendix A to Part 1212--Findings Under the Consumer Product Safety Act Section 9(f) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2058(f)) requires the Commission to make findings concerning the following topics and to include the findings in the rule. Because the findings are required to be published in the rule, they reflect the information that was available to the Consumer Product Safety Commission (``CPSC'' or ``Commission'') when the standard was issued on December 22, 1999. A. The degree and nature of the risk of injury the rule is designed to eliminate or reduce. The standard is designed to reduce the risk of death and injury from accidental fires started by children playing with multi-purpose lighters. The Commission has identified 196 fires that occurred from 1995 through 1998 that were started by children under age 5 playing with multi-purpose lighters. These fires resulted in a total of 35 deaths and 81 injuries. Fire-related injuries include thermal burns--many of high severity--as well as anoxia and other, less serious injuries. The societal costs of these fires is estimated to include $175 million in deaths, $13.7 million in injuries, and over $5 million in property damage. Because these data are from known fires rather than national estimates, the extent of the total problem may be greater. Fires started by children under age 5 are those which the standard would most effectively reduce. B. The approximate number of consumer products, or types or classes thereof, subject to the rule. The standard covers certain flame- producing devices, commonly known as multi-purpose lighters, that are defined in Sec. 1212.2(a) of 16 CFR part 1212. This definition includes products that are referred to as micro-torches. Multi-purpose lighters may use any fuel and may be refillable or nonrefillable. Approximately 21 million multi-purpose lighters are expected to be sold to consumers in the U.S. during 1999. Multi-purpose lighters manufactured in the United States, or imported, on or after December 22, 2000 will be required to meet child-resistance requirements. The following products are not multi-purpose lighters: devices intended primarily for igniting cigarettes, cigars, and pipes, whether or not such devices are subject to the requirements of the Safety Standard for Cigarette Lighters (16 CFR part 1210); devices that contain more than 10 oz. of fuel; and matches. C. The need of the public for the consumer products subject to the rule, and the probable effect of the rule on the utility, cost, or availability of such products to meet such need. Consumers use multi- purpose lighters primarily to ignite items such as candles, fuel for fireplaces, charcoal or gas-fired grills, camp [[Page 448]] fires, camp stoves, lanterns, or fuel-fired appliances or devices or their pilot lights. 1. There will be several types of costs associated with the rule. Manufacturers would have to devote some resources to the development or modification of technology to produce child-resistant multi-purpose lighters. Before being marketed, the lighters must be tested and certified to the new standard. It is also possible that manufacturing child-resistant lighters may require more labor or material than non- child-resistant lighters. 2. Manufacturers will have to modify their existing multi-purpose lighters to comply with the rule. In general, costs that manufacturers would incur in developing, producing, and selling new complying lighters include the following: Research and development toward finding the most promising approaches to improving child resistance, including building prototypes and surrogate lighters for preliminary child panel testing; Retooling and other production equipment changes required to produce more child-resistant multi-purpose lighters, beyond normal periodic changes made to the plant and equipment; Labor and material costs of the additional assembly steps, or modification of assembly steps, in the manufacturing process; The additional labeling, recordkeeping, certification, testing, and reporting that will be required for each new model; Various administrative costs of compliance, such as legal support and executive time spent at related meetings and activities; and Lost revenue if sales are adversely affected. 3. Industry sources have not been able to provide firm estimates of these costs. One major manufacturer has introduced a child-resistant multi-purpose lighter. However, because that company did not previously manufacture a non-child-resistant lighter, it was unable to estimate the incremental cost of developing and manufacturing child-resistant multi- purpose lighters. 4. Assuming that there are 20 manufacturers and that each invests an average of $2 million to develop and market complying lighters, the total industry cost for research development, retooling, and compliance testing would be approximately $40 million. If amortized over a period of 10 years, and assuming a modest 1% sales growth each year, the average of these costs would be about $0.23 per unit. For a manufacturer with a large market share (i.e., selling several million units or more a year) the cost per unit of the development costs could be lower than the estimated $0.23 per unit, even at the high end of the estimates. On the other hand, for manufacturers with a small market share, the per-unit development costs would be greater. Some manufacturers with small market shares may even drop out of the market (at least temporarily) or delay entering the market. 5. In addition to the research, development, retooling, and testing costs, material and labor costs are likely to increase. For example, additional labor will be required to add the child-resistant mechanism to the lighter during assembly. Additional materials may also be needed to produce the child-resistant mechanism. While CPSC was unable to obtain reliable estimates, some industry sources indicated that they believed that these costs would be relatively low, probably less than $0.25 per unit. 6. Multi-purpose lighters will also be required to have a label that identifies the manufacturer and the approximate date of manufacture. However, virtually all products are already labeled in some way. Since the requirement in the rule allows substantial flexibility to the manufacturer in terms of things such as color, size, and location, this requirement is not expected to increase the costs significantly. 7. Certification and testing costs include costs of producing surrogate lighters; conducting child panel tests; and issuing and maintaining records for each model. The largest component of these costs is believed to be building surrogates and conducting child panel tests, which, based on CPSC experience, may cost about $25,000 per lighter model. Administrative expenses associated with the compliance and related activities are difficult to quantify, since many such activities associated with the rule would probably be carried out anyway and the marginal impact of the recommended rule is probably slight. 8. Multi-purpose lighters are sold in countries other than the United States. Some manufacturers may develop lighters that meet the requirements of the rule for distribution in the United States, but continue to distribute the current, non-child-resistant models in other countries. Thus, some manufacturers may incur the incremental costs associated with producing multiple lines of similar products. These costs could include extra administrative costs required to maintain different lines and the incremental costs of producing different lines of similar products, such as using different molds or different assembly steps. These costs would, however, be mitigated if similar or identical standards were adopted by other countries. In total, the rule will likely increase the cost of manufacturing multi-purpose lighters by about $0.48 per unit. 9. At the present time, one manufacturer has about 80-90% of the market for multi-purpose lighters. The other manufacturers, importers, and private labelers divide up the remaining 10-20% of the market. Thus, there [[Page 449]] is already a very high degree of concentration in the market. Even so, at least two manufacturers have already entered the market with models that are believed to meet the requirements of the rule and at least one other firm is believed to be actively developing a child-resistant lighter. Therefore, the rule is not expected to have any significant impact on competition. Moreover, other firms are expected to enter the market for multi-purpose lighters, and thereby increase competition, as the market expands. Firms that market child-resistant multi-purpose lighters before the standard's effective date may gain an initial competitive advantage. However, any differential impact is likely to be slight and short-lived. Other manufacturers can be expected to have child-resistant multi-purpose lighters developed and ready to market before or soon after the rule goes into effect. D. Impact on consumers. Aside from increased safety, the rule is likely to affect consumers in two ways. First, the increased cost for producing the child-resistant models will likely result in higher retail prices for multi-purpose lighters. Second, the utility derived from child-resistant lighters may be decreased if complying lighters are less easy to operate. 1. Assuming a 100% markup over the incremental cost to manufacturers (estimated at $0.48/unit), the rule may be expected to increase the retail price of multi-purpose lighters by $0.96 per unit. The per-unit price increase for micro-torches and other high-end multi-purpose lighters may be higher due to the smaller numbers of such lighters produced. 2. The utility that consumers receive from multi-purpose lighters may be reduced if the rule makes the lighters more difficult to operate. This could result in some consumers switching to substitute products, such as matches. However, as with child-resistant cigarette lighters, the increased difficulty of operating child-resistant multi-purpose lighters is expected to be slight. Moreover, even if some consumers do switch to other products, the risk of fire is not expected to increase significantly. Most cigarette lighters (one possible substitute) must already meet the same child-resistant standard as those applicable to multi-purpose lighters. Although consumers that switch to matches may increase the risk of child-play fires somewhat, matches seem to be inherently more child resistant than are non-child-resistant multi- purpose lighters. Previously, the CPSC determined that non-child- resistant cigarette lighters were 1.4 times as likely as matches to be involved in child-play fires and 3.9 times as likely to be involved in a child-play death. Thus, even if some consumers did switch to using matches, the risk of child-play fires would still likely be less than if they continued to use non-child-resistant multi-purpose lighters. 3. The total societal costs of fires known to have been started during 1995 through 1998 by children under age 5 playing with multi- purpose lighters was approximately $194.2 million, or $48.6 million per year. This is probably an underestimate, since it only includes the cases of which CPSC is aware. During the same period, an estimated 20 million multi-purpose lighters were available for use each year. The societal costs of the fires started by young children attempting to operate multi-purpose lighters is, therefore, about $2.43 per lighter ($48.6 million / 20 million lighters) per year. The rule is expected to reduce this cost by 75 to 84%. Therefore, the expected societal benefit of the rule in terms of reduced fires, deaths, injuries, and property damage is expected to be at least $1.82 per complying lighter sold. 4. As discussed above, the rule may increase the cost of manufacturing multi-purpose lighters by $0.48 and may increase the retail prices by as much as $0.96. Therefore, assuming that sales of multi-purpose lighters remain the same, the net benefit (benefits minus costs) of the rule to consumers is expected to be at least $0.86 per unit ($1.82--$0.96). Based on annual sales of approximately 20 million units per year, the rule would result in an annual net benefit to consumers at least $17.2 million (20 million x $0.86) annually. 5. The actual level of benefits observed could be higher if some multi-purpose lighters are stored with the on/off switch in the ``on'' position. If a significant number of consumers commonly store multi- purpose lighters with the switch on, the effective level of child resistance of multi-purpose lighters currently in use may be lower than indicated by CPSC's baseline testing. This would increase the effectiveness of the rule and the value of the net benefits. E. Any means of achieving the objective of the order while minimizing adverse effects on competition or disruption or dislocation of manufacturing and other commercial practices consistent with the public health and safety. 1. The performance requirements of this part 1212 are based on the Commission's Safety Standard for Cigarette Lighters, 16 CFR part 1210. In developing that standard, the Commission considered the potential effects on competition and business practices of various aspects of the standard, and incorporated some burden- reducing elements into the standard. 2. One possible alternative to this mandatory standard would be for the Commission to rely on voluntary conformance to the requirements of the standard to provide safety to consumers. The expected level of conformance to a voluntary standard is uncertain, however. Although some of the largest firms [[Page 450]] may market some child-resistant multi-purpose lighters that conform to these requirements, most firms (possibly including some of the largest) probably would not. Even under generous assumptions about the level of voluntary conformance, net benefits to consumers would be substantially lower under this alternative than under the standard. Thus, the Commission finds that reliance on voluntary conformance to the provisions of this part 1212 would not adequately reduce the unreasonable risk associated with multi-purpose lighters. F. The rule (including its effective date) is reasonably necessary to eliminate or reduce an unreasonable risk of injury. The Commission's hazard data and regulatory analysis demonstrate that multi-purpose lighters covered by the standard pose an unreasonable risk of death and injury to consumers. The Commission considered a number of alternatives to address this risk, and believes that the standard strikes the most reasonable balance between risk reduction benefits and potential costs. Further, the amount of time before the standard becomes effective (one year after publication of the final rule) will provide manufacturers and importers of most products adequate time to design, produce, and market safer multi-purpose lighters. Thus, the Commission finds that the standard and its effective date are reasonably necessary to reduce the risk of fire-related death and injury associated with young children playing with multi-purpose lighters. G. The benefits expected from the rule bear a reasonable relationship to its costs. The standard will substantially reduce the number of fire-related deaths, injuries, and property damage associated with young children playing with multi-purpose lighters. The cost of these accidents, which is estimated to be greater than $48.6 million annually, will also be greatly reduced. The rule is expected to reduce this societal cost by 75-84%, or by greater than $36.5 million. The estimated annual costs to the public are expected to be less than $20 million. Therefore, substantial net benefits will accrue to consumers. Thus, the Commission finds that a reasonable relationship exists between the expected benefits and the expected costs of the standard. H. The rule imposes the least burdensome requirement which prevents or adequately reduces the risk of injury for which the rule is being promulgated. 1. The Commission incorporated a number of features from the cigarette lighter standard, 16 CFR part 1210, in order to minimize the potential burden of the rule on industry and consumers. The Commission also considered alternatives involving different performance and test requirements and different definitions determining the scope of coverage among products. Alternatives that would be more burdensome to industry would have higher costs to consumers. Less burdensome alternatives would have lowered the risk-reduction benefits to consumers. No alternative has been identified that would result in a higher level of net benefits to consumers. 2. A less stringent acceptance criterion of 80% (rather than the standard's 85%) might slightly reduce costs to industry and consumers. The safety benefits of this alternative, however, would likely be reduced disproportionately to the potential reduction in costs. A higher (90%) acceptance criterion was also considered. This higher performance level may not be commercially or technically feasible for many firms, however. The Commission believes that this more stringent alternative would have substantial adverse effects on manufacturing and competition, and would increase costs disproportionate to benefits. The Commission believes that the requirement that complying multi-purpose lighters not be operable by at least 85% of children in prescribed tests strikes a reasonable balance between improved safety for a substantial majority of young children and other potential fire victims and the potential for adverse competitive effects and manufacturing disruption. 3. The standard becomes effective 12 months after it is issued December 22, 2000. The Commission also considered an effective date of 6 months after the date of issuance of the final rule. Although most multi-purpose lighters sold in the U.S. could probably be made child- resistant within 6 months, the supply of some imported multi-purpose lighters would be disrupted. The 12-month period in the standard would minimize this potential effect, and would allow more time for firms to design, produce, and import complying multi-purpose lighters. The Commission estimates that there would be no significant adverse impact on the overall supply of multi-purpose lighters for the U.S. market. A longer effective date was deemed unsuitable because it would unduly delay the lifesaving benefits of the standard and would penalize firms that have already begun to develop child-resistant multi-purpose lighters. I. The promulgation of the rule is in the public interest. As required by the CPSA and the Regulatory Flexibility Act, the Commission considered the potential benefits and costs of the standard and various alternatives. The standard provides substantial net benefits to society. Although certain alternatives to the final rule were estimated to also have net benefits to consumers, they would decrease the level of safety. Therefore, the Commission finds that the standard is in the public interest. [[Page 451]] PART 1213_SAFETY STANDARD FOR ENTRAPMENT HAZARDS IN BUNK BEDS-- Table of Contents Sec. 1213.1 Scope, application, and effective date. 1213.2 Definitions. 1213.3 Requirements. 1213.4 Test methods. 1213.5 Marking and labeling. 1213.6 Instructions. 1213.7 Findings. Figure 1 to Part 1213--Wedge Block for Tests in Sec. 1213.4(a), (b), and (c) Figure 2 to Part 1213--Test Template for Neck Entrapment Figure 3 to Part 1213--Motion of Test Template Arrested by Simultaneous Contact With Both Sides of ``A'' Section and Boundaries of Opening Figure 4 to Part 1213--Neck Portion of ``B'' Section of Template Enters Completely Into Opening Appendix to Part 1213--Findings Under the Consumer Product Safety Act Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2056, 2058. Source: 64 FR 71899, Dec. 22, 1999, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1213.1 Scope, application, and effective date. (a) Scope, basis, and purpose. This part 1213, a consumer product safety standard, prescribes requirements for bunk beds to reduce or eliminate the risk that children will die or be injured from being trapped between the upper bunk and the wall, in openings below guardrails, or in other structures in the bed. (b) Application and effective date. The standard in this part applies to all bunk beds, except those manufactured only for institutional use, that are manufactured in the United States, or imported, on or after June 19, 2000. (Facilities intended for use by children under age 6 are not considered to be institutions.) Bunk beds intended for use by children are subject to the requirements in 16 CFR 1500.18(a)(18) and 16 CFR part 1513, and not to this part 1213. However, those regulations are substantively identical to the requirements in this part 1213. Sec. 1213.2 Definitions. As used in this part 1213: Bed. See Bunk bed. Bed end structure means an upright unit at the head and foot of the bed to which the side rails attach. Bunk bed means a bed in which the underside of any foundation is over 30 inches (760 mm) from the floor. Foundation means the base or support on which a mattress rests. Guardrail means a rail or guard on a side of the upper bunk to prevent a sleeping occupant from falling or rolling out. Sec. 1213.3 Requirements. (a) Guardrails. (1) Any bunk bed shall provide at least two guardrails, at least one on each side of the bed, for each bed having the underside of its foundation more than 30 inches (760 mm) from the floor. (2) One guardrail shall be continuous between each of the bed's end structures. ``Continuous'' means that any gap between the guardrail and end structure shall not exceed 0.22 inches (5.6 mm) (so as to not cause a finger entrapment hazard for a child). (3) The other guardrail may terminate before reaching the bed's end structures, providing there is no more than 15 inches (380 mm) between either end of the guardrail and the nearest bed end structures. (4) For bunk beds designed to have a ladder attached to one side of the bed, the continuous guardrail shall be on the other side of the bed. (5) Guardrails shall be attached so that they cannot be removed without either intentionally releasing a fastening device or applying forces sequentially in different directions. (6) The upper edge of the guardrails shall be no less than 5 inches (130 mm) above the top surface of the mattress when a mattress of the maximum thickness specified by the bed manufacturer's instructions is on the bed. This requirement does not prohibit a wall-side guardrail that terminates in a quarter-circle bend and attaches to the side rail of the upper bunk foundation. (7) With no mattress on the bed, there shall be no openings in the structure between the lower edge of the uppermost member of the guardrail and the underside of the upper bunk's foundation that would permit passage of [[Page 452]] the wedge block shown in Figure 1 of this part when tested in accordance with the procedure at Sec. 1213.4(a). (b) Bed end structures. (1) The upper edge of the upper bunk end structures shall be at least 5 inches (130 mm) above the top surface of the mattress for at least 50 percent of the distance between the two posts at the head and foot of the upper bunk when a mattress and foundation of the maximum thickness specified by the manufacturer's instructions is on the bed. (2) With no mattress on the bed, there shall be no openings in the end structures above the foundation of the upper bunk that will permit the free passage of the wedge block shown in Figure 1 when tested in accordance with the procedure at Sec. 1213.4(b). (3) When tested in accordance with Sec. 1213.4(c), there shall be no openings in the end structures between the underside of the foundation of the upper bunk and upper side of the foundation of the lower bunk that will permit the free passage of the wedge block shown in Figure 1, unless the openings are also large enough to permit the free passage of a 9-inch (230-mm) diameter rigid sphere. (4) All portions of the boundary of any opening required by Sec. Sec. 1213.4(c)(1) and (2) to be probed by the wedge block of Figure 1, and that permits free passage of a 9-inch diameter sphere, must conform to the neck entrapment requirements of Sec. 1213.4(c)(3). Sec. 1213.4 Test methods. (a) Guardrails (see Sec. 1213.3(a)(6)). With no mattress on the bed, place the wedge block shown in Figure 1, tapered side first, into each opening in the bed structure below the lower edge of the uppermost member of the guardrail and above the underside of the upper bunk's foundation. Orient the block so that it is most likely to pass through the opening (e.g., the major axis of the block parallel to the major axis of the opening) (``most adverse orientation''). Then gradually apply a 33-lbf (147-N) force in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the large end of the block. Sustain the force for 1 minute. (b) Upper bunk end structure (see Sec. 1213.3(b)(2)). Without a mattress or foundation on the upper bunk, place the wedge block shown in Figure 1 into each opening, tapered side first, and in the most adverse orientation. Determine if the wedge block can pass freely through the opening. (c) Lower bunk end structure (see Sec. 1213.3(b)(3)). (1) Without a mattress or foundation on the lower bunk, place the wedge block shown in Figure 1, tapered side first, into each opening in the lower bunk end structure in the most adverse orientation. Determine whether the wedge block can pass freely through the opening. If the wedge block passes freely through the opening, determine whether a 9-inch (230-mm) diameter rigid sphere can pass freely through the opening. (2) With the manufacturer's recommended maximum thickness mattress and foundation in place, repeat the test in paragraph (c)(1) of this section. (3) All portions of the boundary of any opening that is required to be probed by the wedge block of Figure 1 by paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of this section, and that permits free passage of a 9-inch diameter sphere, must satisfy the requirements of paragraphs (c)(3)(i) and (c)(3)(ii) of this section addressing neck entrapment. (i) Insert the ``A'' section of the test template shown in Figure 2 of this part into the portion of the boundary of the opening to be tested, with the plane of the template in the plane of the opening and with the centerline of the top of the template (as shown in Figure 2) aligned parallel to the centerline of the opening, until motion is stopped by contact between the test template and the boundaries of the opening (see Figure 3 of this part). By visual inspection, determine if there is simultaneous contact between the boundary of the opening and both sides of the ``A'' section of the template. If simultaneous contact occurs, mark the contact points on the boundary of the opening and conduct the additional test described in paragraph (c)(3)(ii) of this section. (ii) To check the potential for neck entrapment, place the neck portion of the ``B'' section of the template into the opening, with its plane perpendicular to both the plane of the opening and the centerline of the opening [[Page 453]] (see Figure 4 of this part). If the neck portion of the ``B'' section of the template completely enters the opening (passes 0.75 inch or more beyond the points previously contacted by the ``A'' section of the template), the opening is considered to present a neck entrapment hazard and fails the test, unless its lower boundary slopes downward at 45[deg] or more for the whole distance from the narrowest part of the opening the neck can reach to the part of the opening that will freely pass a 9- inch diameter sphere. Sec. 1213.5 Marking and labeling. (a) There shall be a permanent label or marking on each bed stating the name and address (city, state, and zip code) of the manufacturer, distributor, or retailer; the model number; and the month and year of manufacture. (b) The following warning label shall be permanently attached to the inside of an upper bunk bed end structure in a location that cannot be covered by the bedding but that may be covered by the placement of a pillow. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR22DE99.001 Sec. 1213.6 Instructions. Instructions shall accompany each bunk bed set, and shall include the following information. (a) Size of mattress and foundation. The length and width of the intended mattress and foundation shall be clearly stated, either numerically or in conventional terms such as twin size, twin extra-long, etc. In addition, the maximum thickness of the mattress and foundation required for compliance with Sec. 1213.3(a)(5) and (b)(1) shall be stated. (b) Safety warnings. The instructions shall provide the following safety warnings: (1) Do not allow children under 6 years of age to use the upper bunk. (2) Use guardrails on both sides of the upper bunk. (3) Prohibit horseplay on or under beds. (4) Prohibit more than one person on upper bunk. (5) Use ladder for entering or leaving upper bunk. (6) If the bunk bed will be placed next to a wall, the guardrail that runs the full length of the bed should be placed against the wall to prevent entrapment between the bed and the wall. (This applies only to bunk beds without two full-length guardrails.) Sec. 1213.7 Findings. The Consumer Product Safety Act requires that the Commission, in order to issue a standard, make the following [[Page 454]] findings and include them in the rule. 15 U.S.C. 2058(f)(3). These findings are contained in the appendix to this part 1213. (a) The rule in this part (including its effective date of June 19, 2000 is reasonably necessary to eliminate or reduce an unreasonable risk of injury associated with the product. [These findings are contained in the appendix to this part 1213.] (b) Promulgation of the rule is in the public interest. (c) Where a voluntary standard has been adopted and implemented by the affected industry, that compliance with such voluntary standard is not likely to result in the elimination or adequate reduction of the risk of injury; or it is unlikely that there will be substantial compliance with such voluntary standard. (d) The benefits expected from the rule bear a reasonable relationship to its costs. (e) The rule imposes the least burdensome requirement that prevents or adequately reduces the risk of injury for which the rule is being promulgated. [[Page 455]] Sec. Figure 1 to Part 1213--Wedge Block for Tests in Sec. 1213.4(a), (b) and (c) [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR22DE99.007 [[Page 456]] Sec. Figure 2 to Part 1213--Test Template for Neck Entrapment [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR22DE99.003 [[Page 457]] Sec. Figure 3 to Part 1213--Motion of Test Template Arrested by Simultaneous Contact With Both Sides of ``A'' Section and Boundaries of Opening [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR22DE99.004 [[Page 458]] Sec. Figure 4 to Part 1213--Neck Portion of ``B'' Section of Template Enters Completely Into Opening [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR22DE99.005 Sec. Appendix to Part 1213--Findings Under the Consumer Product Safety Act The Consumer Product Safety Act requires that the Commission, in order to issue a standard, make the following findings and include them in the rule. 15 U.S.C. 2058(f)(3). Because of this, the facts and determinations in these findings apply as of the date the rule was issued, December 22, 1999. A. The rule in this part (including its effective date of June 19, 2000) is reasonably necessary to eliminate or reduce an unreasonable risk of injury associated with the product. 1. For a recent 9.6-year period, the CPSC received reports of 57 deaths of children under age 15 who died when they were trapped between the upper bunk of a bunk bed and the wall or when they were trapped in openings in the bed's structure. Over 96% of those who died in entrapment incidents were age 3 or younger. On average, averting these deaths is expected to produce a benefit to society with a present value of about $175 to $350 for each bed that otherwise would not have complied with one or more of the rule's requirements. 2. This increased safety will be achieved in two ways. First, all bunk beds will be required to have a guardrail on both sides of the bed. If the bed is placed against a wall, the guardrail on that side is expected to prevent a child from being entrapped between the bed and the wall. The guardrail on the wall side of the bed must extend continuously from one end to the other. Second, the end structures of the bed must be constructed so that, if an opening in the end structure is large enough so a child can slip his or her body through it, it must be large enough that the child's head also can pass through. 3. For the reasons discussed in paragraph D. of this appendix, the benefits of the [[Page 459]] changes to bunk beds caused by this rule will have a reasonable relationship to the changes' costs. The rule addresses a risk of death, and applies primarily to a vulnerable population, children under age 3. The life-saving features required by the rule are cost-effective and can be implemented without adversely affecting the performance and availability of the product. The effective date provides enough time so that production of bunk beds that do not already comply with the standard can easily be changed so that the beds comply. Accordingly, the Commission finds that the rule (including its effective date) is reasonably necessary to eliminate or reduce an unreasonable risk of injury associated with the product. B. Promulgation of the rule is in the public interest. For the reasons given in paragraph A. of this appendix, the Commission finds that promulgation of the rule is in the public interest. C. Where a voluntary standard has been adopted and implemented by the affected industry, that compliance with such voluntary standard is not likely to result in the elimination or adequate reduction of the risk of injury; or it is unlikely that there will be substantial compliance with such voluntary standard. 1. Adequacy of the voluntary standard. i. In this instance, there is a voluntary standard addressing the risk of entrapment in bunk beds. However, the rule goes beyond the provisions of the voluntary standard. First, it eliminates the voluntary standard's option to have an opening of up to 15 inches at each end of the wall-side guardrail. Second, it requires more of the lower bunk end structures to have entrapment protection. The voluntary standard protects against entrapment only within the 9-inch space immediately above the upper surface of the lower bunk's mattress. The mandatory standard extends this area of protection upward to the level of the underside of the upper bunk foundation. Both of these provisions, which are in the rule but not in the voluntary standard, address fatalities and, as noted in paragraph D of this appendix, have benefits that bear a reasonable relationship to their costs. ii. Therefore, the Commission finds that compliance with the voluntary standard is not likely to result in the elimination or adequate reduction of the risk of entrapment injury or death. 2. Substantial compliance. i. Neither the CPSA nor the FHSA define ``substantial compliance.'' The March 3, 1999 Notice of Proposed Rulemaking summarized an interpretation of ``substantial compliance'' that the Office of General Counsel provided to the Commission. 64 Fed. Reg. 10245, 10248-49 (March 3, 1999). The Commission specifically invited public comment on that interpretation from ``all persons who would be affected by such an interpretation.'' Id. at 10249. The Commission received more than 20 comments on the interpretation. ii. Having now considered all the evidence that the staff has presented, the comments from the public, and the legal advice from the Office of General Counsel, the Commission concludes that there is not ``substantial compliance'' with the ASTM voluntary standard for bunk beds within the meaning of the Consumer Product Safety Act and the Federal Hazardous Substances Act. See, e.g., 15 U.S.C. 2058(f)(3)(D)(ii); 15 U.S.C. 1262(i)(2)(A)(ii). However, the Commission does not adopt a general interpretation of ``substantial compliance'' focusing on whether the level of compliance with a voluntary standard could be improved under a mandatory standard. Rather, the grounds for the Commission's decision focus on the specific facts of this rulemaking and are stated below. iii. The legislative history regarding the meaning of ``substantial compliance'' indicates that the Commission should consider whether compliance is sufficient to eliminate or adequately reduce the risk of injury in a timely fashion and that, generally, compliance should be measured in terms of the number of complying products, rather than the number of manufacturers who are in compliance. E.g., Senate Report No. 97-102, p. 14 (May 15, 1981); House Report No. 97-158, p. 11 (June 19, 1981); H. Conf. Rep. No. 97-208, 97th Cong., 1st Sess. 871, reprinted in 1981 U.S. Code Cong. & Admin. News 1010, 1233. iv. Given this Congressional guidance, the Commission believes it appropriate to examine the number of conforming products as the starting point for analysis. However, the Commission does not believe that there is any single percentage of conforming products that can be used in all cases to define ``substantial compliance.'' Instead, the percentage must be viewed in the context of the hazard the product presents. Thus, the Commission must examine what constitutes substantial compliance with a voluntary standard in light of its obligation to safeguard the American consumer. v. There are certain factors the agency considers before it initiates regulatory action, such as the severity of the potential injury, whether there is a vulnerable population at risk, and the risk of injury. See 16 CFR 1009.8. These and other factors also appropriately inform the Commission's decision regarding whether a certain level of conformance with a voluntary standard is substantial. In the light of these factors, industry's compliance rate with the voluntary standard for bunk beds is not substantial. vi. In this case, the Commission deals with the most severe risk-- death--to one of the most vulnerable segments of our population--infants and young children. While [[Page 460]] the risk of death is not high, it exists whenever a young child is in a residence with a nonconforming bunk bed. vii. Additionally, some products, such as hairdryers without shock protection devices, require some intervening action (dropping the hair dryer into water) to create the hazard. By contrast, deaths in bunk beds occur during the intended use of the product--a child rolling over in bed or climbing in or out of it--without any intervening action. viii. The Commission must also consider that bunk beds have a very long product life, frequently being passed on to several families before being discarded. Thus, a number of children may be exposed to a bed during its useful life. Every noncomplying bed that poses an entrapment hazard presents the potential risk of death to any young child in the house. It is a risk that is hard for a parent to protect against, as children find their way onto these beds even if they are not put to sleep in them. ix. Bunk beds are products that can be made relatively easily by very small companies, or even by a single individual. The Office of Compliance believes smaller entities will always present a compliance problem, because new manufacturers can enter the marketplace relatively easily and need little expertise to make a wooden bunk bed. The evidence seems to support the view that there will always be an irreducible number of new, smaller bunk bed manufacturers who will not follow the voluntary standard. x. What constitutes substantial compliance is also a function of what point in time the issue is examined. In 1989, the Commission denied a petition for a mandatory bunk bed rule. At that time, industry was predicting that by April of 1989, 90% of all beds being manufactured would comply with the voluntary guidelines. But that was in the context of years of steadily increasing conformance and the hope that conformance would continue to grow and that deaths and near-misses would begin to decline. But the conformance level never grew beyond the projection for 1989 and deaths and near-misses have not dropped. xi. Even with the existing compliance rate, the Commission is contemplating the prospect of perhaps 50,000 nonconforming beds a year (or more) entering the marketplace, with many beds remaining in use for perhaps 20 years or longer. Under these circumstances, a 10% rate of noncompliance is too high. xii. It is now clear that the bunk bed voluntary standard has not achieved an adequate reduction of the unreasonable risk of death to infants and children in a timely fashion, and it is unlikely to do so. Accordingly, the Commission finds that substantial compliance with the voluntary standard for bunk beds is unlikely. xiii. Products that present some or all of the following factors might not be held to as strict a substantial compliance analysis. Those which: --Rarely or never cause death; --Cause only less severe injuries; --Do not cause deaths or injuries principally to a vulnerable segment of the population; --Are not intended for children and which have no special attraction for children; --Have a relatively short life span; --Are made by a few stable manufacturers or which can only be made by specialized manufacturers needing a significant manufacturing investment to produce the product; --Are covered by a voluntary standard which continues to capture an increasing amount of noncomplying products; or --Require some additional intervening action to be hazardous. xiv. And, in analyzing some other product, there could be other factors that would have to be taken into consideration in determining what level of compliance is adequate to protect the public. The tolerance for nonconformance levels has to bear some relationship to the magnitude and manageability of the hazard addressed. xv. The Commission emphasizes that its decision is not based on the argument that a mandatory rule provides more powerful enforcement tools. If this were sufficient rationale, mandatory rules could always displace voluntary standards, and this clearly was not Congress's intent. But, with a mandatory standard, the necessity of complying with a mandatory federal regulation will be understandable to small manufacturers. State and local governments will have no doubt about their ability to help us in our efforts to locate these manufacturers. D. The benefits expected from the rule bear a reasonable relationship to its costs. 1. Bunk beds that do not comply with ASTM's requirements for guardrails. The cost of providing a second guardrail for bunk beds that do not have one is expected to be from $15-40 per otherwise noncomplying bed. If, as expected, the standard prevents virtually all of the deaths it addresses, the present value of the benefits of this modification are estimated to be from $175-350 per otherwise noncomplying bed. Thus, the benefit of this provision is about 4-23 times its cost. 2. Bunk beds that comply with ASTM's requirements for guardrails. The voluntary standard allows up to a 15-inch gap in the coverage of the guardrail on the wall side of the upper bunk. Additional entrapment deaths are addressed by requiring that the wall-side guardrail be continuous from one end of the bed to the other. The estimated present value of the benefits of this requirement is $2.40 to $3.50 per otherwise noncomplying bed. The Commission estimates that [[Page 461]] the materials cost to extend one guardrail an additional 30 inches (760 mm) will be less than the present value of the benefits of making the change. Further, the costs of any design changes can be amortized over the number the bunk beds manufactured after the design change is made. Thus, the costs of any design change will be nominal. 3. Lower bunk end structures. The Commission is aware of a death, involving entrapment in the end structures of the lower bunk, occurring in a scenario not currently addressed by the voluntary standard. This death would be addressed by extending the voluntary standard's lower bunk end structures entrapment provisions from 9 inches above the lower bunk's sleeping surface to the bottom of the upper bunk and by also including a test for neck entrapment in this area. The Commission expects the costs of this requirement to be design-related only, and small. Indeed, for some bunk beds, materials costs may decrease since less material may be required to comply with these requirements than is currently being used. Again, the design costs for these modifications to the end structures can be amortized over the subsequent production run of the bed. 4. Effect on market. The small additional costs from any wall-side guardrails and end-structure modifications are not expected to affect the market for bunk beds, either alone or added to the costs of compliance to ASTM's provisions. 5. Conclusion. The Commission has no reason to conclude that any of the standard's requirements will have costs that exceed the requirement's expected benefits. Further, the total effect of the rule is that the benefits of the rule will exceed its costs by about 4-23 times. Accordingly, the Commission concludes that the benefits expected from the rule bear a reasonable relationship to its costs. E. The rule imposes the least burdensome requirement that prevents or adequately reduces the risk of injury for which the rule is being promulgated. 1. The Commission considered relying on the voluntary standard, either alone or combined with a third-party certification program. However, the Commission concluded that a mandatory program will be more effective in reducing these deaths, each of which is caused by an unreasonable risk of entrapment. Accordingly, these alternatives would not prevent or adequately reduce the risk of injury for which the rule is being promulgated. 2. The Commission also considered a suggestion that bunk beds that conformed to the voluntary standard be so labeled. Consumers could then compare conforming and nonconforming beds at the point of purchase and make their purchase decisions with this safety information in mind. This, however, would not necessarily reduce injuries, because consumers likely would not know there is a voluntary standard and thus would not see any risk in purchasing a bed that was not labeled as conforming to the standard. 3. For the reasons stated in this appendix, no alternatives to a mandatory rule have been suggested that would adequately reduce the deaths caused by entrapment of children in bunk beds. Accordingly, the Commission finds that this rule imposes the least burdensome requirement that prevents or adequately reduces the risk of injury for which the rule is being promulgated. PART 1215_SAFETY STANDARD FOR INFANT BATH SEATS--Table of Contents Sec. 1215.1 Scope. 1215.2 Requirements for infant bath seats. Authority: Sec. 104, Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016 (August 14, 2008); Sec. 3, Pub. L. 112-28, 125 Stat. 273 (August 12, 2011). Source: 75 FR 31698, June 4, 2010, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1215.1 Scope. This part 1215 establishes a consumer product safety standard for infant bath seats manufactured or imported on or after December 6, 2010. Sec. 1215.2 Requirements for infant bath seats. Each infant bath seat shall comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F1967-19, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Infant Bath Seats, approved May 1, 2019. The Director of the Federal Register approves the incorporation by reference listed in this section in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy of this ASTM standard from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 USA; phone: 610-832-9585; www.astm.org. You may inspect a copy at the Division of the Secretariat, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone 301-504-7923, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. [84 FR 49439, Sept. 20, 2019] [[Page 462]] PART 1216_SAFETY STANDARD FOR INFANT WALKERS--Table of Contents Sec. 1216.1 Scope. 1216.2 Requirements for infant walkers. Authority: The Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, Pub. L. 110-314, Sec. 104, 122 Stat. 3016 (August 14, 2008); section 3 of Pub. L. 112-28, 125 Stat. 273 (August 12, 2011). Effective Date Note: At 87 FR 73245, Nov. 29, 2022, Part 1216 was amended by revising the authority citation, effective Feb. 25, 2023. For the convenience of the user, the revised text is set forth as follows: Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2056a. Source: 75 FR 35273, June 21, 2010, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1216.1 Scope. This part 1216 establishes a consumer product safety standard for infant walkers manufactured or imported on or after December 21, 2010. Sec. 1216.2 Requirements for infant walkers. Each infant walker shall comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F977-12, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Infant Walkers, approved on May 1, 2012. The Director of the Federal Register approves the incorporation by reference listed in this section in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy of these ASTM standards from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 USA, telephone: 610-832-9585; http:// www.astm.org/. You may inspect copies at the Office of the Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone 301-504-7923, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ ibr_locations.html. [78 FR 37709, June 24, 2013] Effective Date Note: At 87 FR 73245, Nov. 29, 2022, Sec. 1216.2 was revised, effective Feb. 25, 2023. For the convenience of the user, the revised text is set forth as follows: Sec. 1216.2 Requirements for infant walkers. Each infant walker must comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F977-22e1, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Infant Walkers. ASTM F977-22e1, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Infant Walkers, approved June 15, 2022 is incorporated by reference into this section with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. This material is available for inspection at the Office of the Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission at: Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone (301) 504-7479, email [email protected], or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. A read- only copy of the standard is available for viewing on the ASTM website at www.astm.org/READINGLIBRARY/. You may obtain a copy from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959; telephone (610) 832-9585; www.astm.org. PART 1217_SAFETY STANDARD FOR TODDLER BEDS--Table of Contents Sec. 1217.1 Scope, application, and effective date. 1217.2 Requirements for toddler beds. Authority: Sec. 104, Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016 (15 U.S.C. 2056a); Sec 3, Pub. L. 112-28, 125 Stat. 273. Source: 76 FR 22028, Apr. 20, 2011, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1217.1 Scope, application, and effective date. This part 1217 establishes a consumer product safety standard for toddler beds manufactured or imported on or after October 20, 2011. Sec. 1217.2 Requirements for toddler beds. Each toddler bed shall comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F1821-19[egr]\1\, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toddler Beds, approved June 1, 2019. The Director of the Federal Register approves the incorporation by reference listed in this section in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy of this ASTM standard from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 USA; [[Page 463]] phone: 610-832-9585; www.astm.org. You may inspect a copy at the Division of the Secretariat, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone 301-504- 7923, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ ibr-locations.html. [84 FR 57318, Oct. 25, 2019] PART 1218_SAFETY STANDARD FOR BASSINETS AND CRADLES--Table of Contents Sec. 1218.1 Scope. 1218.2 Requirements for bassinets and cradles. Authority: Sec. 104, Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016 (August 14, 2008); Pub. L. 112-28, 125 Stat. 273 (August 12, 2011). Source: 78 FR 63034, Oct. 23, 2013, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1218.1 Scope. This part establishes a consumer product safety standard for bassinets and cradles manufactured or imported on or after April 23, 2014, except for the removable bassinet bed attachment requirements at Sec. 1218.2(b)(3)(i) through (iv), (b)(5), and (b)(7), which are effective April 23, 2015. Sec. 1218.2 Requirements for bassinets and cradles. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each bassinet and cradle must comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F2194-13, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Bassinets and Cradles, approved on April 1, 2013. The Director of the Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy from ASTM International, 100 Bar Harbor Drive, P.O. Box 0700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428; http:/ /www.astm.org/cpsc.htm. You may inspect a copy at the Office of the Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone 301-504-7923, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ ibr_locations.html. (b) Comply with ASTM F2194-13 standard with the following additions or exclusions: (1) Instead of complying with Note 1 of section 1.3.1 of ASTM F2194- 13, comply with the following: (i) Note 1--Cradle swings with an incline less than or equal to 10[deg] from horizontal while in the rest (non-rocking) position are covered under the scope of this standard. A sleep product that only has inclined sleeping surfaces (intended to be greater than 10[deg] from horizontal while in the rest (non-rocking) position) does not fall under the scope of this standard. If a product can be converted to a bassinet/ cradle use mode and meets the definition of a bassinet/cradle found in 3.1.1 while in that mode, the product shall be included in the scope of this standard, when it is in the bassinet/cradle use mode. For example, strollers that have a carriage/bassinet feature are covered by the stroller/carriage standard when in the stroller use mode. Carriage baskets/bassinets that are removable from the stroller base are covered under the scope of this standard when the carriage basket/bassinet meets the definition of a bassinet/cradle found in 3.1.1. In addition, bassinet/cradle attachments to cribs or play yards, as defined in 3.1.2 or 3.1.13, are included in the scope of the standard when in the bassinet/cradle use mode. (ii) [Reserved] (2) Add ``CAMI Newborn Dummy (see Figure 1A). Drawing numbers 126- 0000 through 126-0015 (sheets 1 through 3), 126-0017 through 126-0027, a parts list entitled ``Parts List for CAMI Newborn Dummy,'' and a construction manual entitled ``Construction of the Newborn Infant Dummy'' (July 1992). Copies of the materials may be inspected at NHTSA's Docket Section, 400 Seventh Street SW., Room 5109, Washington, DC, or at the Office of the Federal Register, 800 North Capital Street NW., Suite 700, Washington, DC.'' to ``2.3 [[Page 464]] Other References'' and use the following figure: [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR23OC13.000 (3) In addition to complying with section 3.1.17 of ASTM F2194-13, comply with the following: (i) 3.1.18. bassinet bed, n--the sleeping area of the bassinet/ cradle, containing the sleep surface and side walls. (ii) 3.1.19. removable bassinet bed, n--A bassinet bed that is designed to separate from the base/stand without the use of tools. Play yard bassinets, as defined in 3.1.13, are excluded from this definition. (iii) 3.1.20. false lock/latch visual indicator, n--a warning system, using contrasting colors, lights, or other similar means designed to visually alert caregivers when a removable bassinet bed is not properly locked onto its base/stand. (iv) 3.1.21. intended use orientation, n--The bassinet bed orientation (i.e., the position where the head and foot ends of the bassinet bed are located), with respect to the base/stand, as recommended by the manufacturer for intended use. (4) Instead of complying with section 6.7 of ASTM F2194-13, comply with the following: (i) 6.7. Bassinets with Segmented Mattresses: Flatness Test--If the bassinet or bassinet accessory has a folding or segmented mattress, or both, any angle when measured in 7.8 less than or equal to 10[deg] is an immediate pass. Any angle when measured in 7.8 greater than 10[deg] is an immediate failure. Segmented bassinet mattresses that have seams (located between segments or where the mattress folds) that are less than 15 inches in length are excluded from this requirement. (ii) [Reserved] (5) In addition to complying with section 6.9.2 of ASTM F2194-13, comply with the following: (i) 6.10. Removable Bassinet Bed Attachment--Any product containing a removable bassinet bed with a latching or locking device intended to secure the bassinet bed to the base/stand, shall comply with at least one of the following 6.10.1, 6.10.2, 6.10.3, 6.10.4 or 6.10.5 when tested in accordance with 7.12. (ii) 6.10.1. The base/stand shall not support the bassinet bed (i.e., the bassinet bed falls from the stand and contacts the floor or the base/stand collapses when the bassinet bed is not locked on the base/stand). (iii) 6.10.2. The lock/latch shall automatically engage under the weight of the bassinet bed (without any other force or action) in all lateral positions (Figure 24). [[Page 465]] (iv) 6.10.3. The sleep surface of the bassinet bed shall be at an angle of at least 20[deg] from a horizontal plane when the bassinet bed is in an unlocked position. (v) 6.10.4. The bassinet/cradle shall provide a false latch/lock visual indicator(s). At a minimum, an indicator shall be visible to a person standing near both of the two longest sides of the product. (vi) 6.10.5. The bassinet bed shall not tip over and shall retain the CAMI newborn dummy when tested in accordance with 7.12.4.3. (6) Instead of complying with section 7.4.4 of ASTM F2194-13, comply with the following: (i) 7.4.4. Place the CAMI Newborn Dummy, Mark II, on the sleeping pad in the center of the product face up with the arms and legs straightened. (A) Rationale. The newborn CAMI dummy represents a 50th percentile newborn infant, which is a more appropriate user of a bassinet than the CAMI infant dummy, which represents a 50th percentile 6-month-old infant. (B) [Reserved] (ii) [Reserved] (7) In addition to complying with section 7.11.4 of ASTM F2194-13, comply with the following: (i) 7.12. Removable Bassinet Bed Attachment Tests (ii) 7.12.1. Assemble the bassinet/cradle base/stand only, in accordance with manufacturer's instructions in one of the manufacturer's recommended use positions. If the base/stand does not remain in the use position when the bassinet bed is not locked onto it, the product meets the requirements of 6.10.1. (iii) 7.12.2. Place the base/stand and the inclinometer on a flat level horizontal surface (0 -0.5[deg]) to establish a test plane. Zero the inclinometer. (iv) 7.12.3. Remove the mattress pad from the bassinet bed. Note to paragraph (b)(7)(iv): For mattresses that are integral with the mattress support, do not remove the mattress and perform all angle measurements for 7.12 on a 6 by 6 by \3/8\-in. nominal aluminum block placed on the center of the mattress. (v) 7.12.4. Place the bassinet bed on the base/stand in the intended use orientation without engaging any latch or lock mechanism between the base/stand and the bassinet bed. If the bed automatically engages to the base/stand do not disengage the lock/latch. If the bassinet bed can rest on the base/stand in its intended use orientation in one or more lateral unlocked position (Figure 24), the unit shall be evaluated in the lateral position most likely to fail the requirements specified in 6.10. (vi) Figure 24: Bassinet Bed Resting on Stand, Showing Possible Alternate Lateral Positions. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR23OC13.001 [[Page 466]] (vii) 7.12.4.1. If the base/stand supports the bassinet bed in any unlocked position, place the inclinometer on the mattress support at the approximate center of the mattress support. Care should be taken to avoid seams, snap fasteners, or other items that may affect the measurement reading. Record the angle measurement. (viii) 7.12.4.2. If the base/stand supports the bassinet bed and the angle of the mattress support surface measured in 7.12.4.1 is less than 20 degrees from a horizontal plane, evaluate whether the bassinet has a false latch/lock visual indicator per 6.10.4. (ix) 7.12.4.3. If the base/stand supports the bassinet bed, and the angle of the mattress support surface measured in 7.12.4.1 is less than 20 degrees from a horizontal plane, and the bassinet does not contain a false latch/lock visual indicator, test the unit in accordance with sections 7.4.2 through 7.4.7. (x) 7.12.5. Repeat 7.12.2 through 7.12.4 for all of the manufacturer's base/stand recommended positions and use modes. (xi) 7.12.6. Repeat 7.12.4 through 7.12.5 with the bassinet bed rotated 180 degrees from the manufacturers recommended use orientation, if the base/stand supports the bassinet bed in this orientation. (A) Rationale. (1) This test requirement addresses fatal and nonfatal incidents involving bassinet beds that tipped over or fell off their base/stand when they were not properly locked/latched to their base/stand or the latch failed to engage as intended. Products that appear to be in an intended use position when the lock or latch is not properly engaged can create a false sense of security by appearing to be stable. Unsecured or misaligned lock/latch systems are a hidden hazard because they are not easily seen by consumers due to being located beneath the bassinet or covered by decorative skirts. In addition, consumers will avoid activating lock/latch mechanisms for numerous reasons if a bassinet bed appears stable when placed on a stand/base. Because of these foreseeable use conditions, this requirement has been added to ensure that bassinets with a removable bassinet bed feature will be inherently stable or it is obvious that they are not properly secured. (2) 6.10 allows bassinet bed designs that: (i) Cannot be supported by the base/stand in an unlocked configuration, (ii) Automatically lock and cannot be placed in an unlocked position on the base/stand, (iii) Are clearly and obviously unstable when the lock/latch is misaligned or unused, (iv) Provide a visual warning to consumers when the product is not properly locked onto the base/stand, or (v) Have lock/latch mechanisms that are not necessary to provide needed stability. (B) [Reserved] [78 FR 63034, Oct. 23, 2013; 78 FR 77574, Dec. 24, 2013] PART 1219_SAFETY STANDARD FOR FULL-SIZE BABY CRIBS--Table of Contents Sec. 1219.1 Scope, compliance dates, and definitions. 1219.2 Requirements for full-size baby cribs. Authority: Sec. 104, Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016 (August 14, 2008); Sec. 3, Pub. L. 112-28, 125 Stat. 273 (August 12, 2011). Source: 75 FR 81786, Dec. 28, 2010, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1219.1 Scope, compliance dates, and definitions. (a) Scope. This part establishes a consumer product safety standard for new and used full-size baby cribs. (b) Compliance dates. (1) Except as provided in paragraph (b)(2) of this section, compliance with this part 1219 shall be required on June 28, 2011, and applies to the manufacture, sale, contract for sale or resale, lease, sublet, offer, provision for use, or other placement in the stream of commerce of a new or used full-size baby crib on or after that date. (2) Child care facilities, family child care homes, and places of public accommodation affecting commerce shall be required to comply with this part on December 28, 2012, but this provision applies only to the offer or provision for use of cribs by child care facilities, family child care homes, and places of public accommodation affecting commerce and not the sale, resale, or other [[Page 467]] placement in the stream of commerce of cribs by these entities. (c) Definitions. (1) Full-size baby crib means a bed that is: (i) Designed to provide sleeping accommodations for an infant; (ii) Intended for use in the home, in a child care facility, a family child care home, or place of public accommodation affecting commerce; and (iii) Within a range of 5.1 cm (2 in.) of the following interior dimensions: The interior dimensions shall be 71 1.6 cm (28 \5/8\ in.) wide as measured between the innermost surfaces of the crib sides and 133 1.6 cm (52\3/8\ \5/8\ in.) long as measured between the innermost surfaces of the crib end panels, slats, rods, or spindles. Both measurements are to be made at the level of the mattress support spring in each of its adjustable positions and no more than 5 cm (2 in.) from the crib corner posts or from the first spindle to the corresponding point of the first spindle at the other end of the crib. If a crib has contoured or decorative spindles, in either or both of the sides or ends, the measurement shall be determined from the largest diameter of the first turned spindle within a range of 10 cm (4 in.) above the mattress support spring in each of its adjustable positions, to a corresponding point on the first spindle or innermost surface of the opposite side of the crib. (2) Place of public accommodation affecting commerce means any inn, hotel, or other establishment that provides lodging to transient guests, except that such term does not include an establishment treated as an apartment building for purposes of any State or local law or regulation or an establishment located within a building that contains not more than five rooms for rent or hire and that is actually occupied as a residence by the proprietor of such establishment. Sec. 1219.2 Requirements for full-size baby cribs. Each full-size baby crib must comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F1169-19, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Full-Size Baby Cribs approved March 15, 2019. The Director of the Federal Register approves the incorporation by reference listed in this section in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy of this ASTM standard from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 USA; phone: 610-832- 9585; www.astm.org. You may inspect a copy at the Division of the Secretariat, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone 301-504-7923, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. [84 FR 35296, July 23, 2019] PART 1220_SAFETY STANDARD FOR NON-FULL-SIZE BABY CRIBS--Table of Contents Sec. 1220.1 Scope, compliance dates, and definitions. 1220.2 Requirements for non-full-size baby cribs. Authority: Sec. 104, Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016 (15 U.S.C. 2056a); Sec. 3, Pub. L. 112-28, 125 Stat. 273. Source: 75 FR 81787, Dec. 28, 2010, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1220.1 Scope, compliance dates, and definitions. (a) Scope. This part establishes a consumer product safety standard for new and used non-full-size baby cribs. (b) Compliance dates. (1) Except as provided in paragraph (b)(2) of this section, compliance with this part 1220 shall be required on June 28, 2011, and applies to the manufacture, sale, contract for sale or resale, lease, sublet, offer, provision for use, or other placement in the stream of commerce of a new or used non-full-size baby crib on or after that date. (2) Child care facilities, family child care homes, and places of public accommodation affecting commerce shall be required to comply with this part on December 28, 2012, but this provision applies only to the offer or provision for use of cribs by child care facilities, family child care homes, and places of public accommodation affecting commerce and not the sale, resale, or other [[Page 468]] placement in the stream of commerce of cribs by these entities. (c) Definitions. (1) Non-full-size baby crib means a bed that is: (i) Designed to provide sleeping accommodations for an infant; (ii) Intended for use in or around the home, for travel, in a child care facility, in a family child care home, in a place of public accommodation affecting commerce and other purposes; (iii) Has an interior length dimension either greater than 139.7 cm (55 in.) or smaller than 126.3 cm (49 \3/4\ in.), or, an interior width dimension either greater than 77.7 cm (30\5/8\ in.) or smaller than 64.3 cm (25\3/8\ in.), or both; (iv) Includes, but is not limited to, the following: (A) Portable crib--a non-full-size baby crib designed so that it may be folded or collapsed, without disassembly, to occupy a volume substantially less than the volume it occupies when it is used. (B) Crib pen--a non-full-size baby crib with rigid sides the legs of which may be removed or adjusted to provide a play pen or play yard for a child. (C) Specialty crib--an unconventionally shaped (circular, hexagonal, etc.) non-full-size baby crib incorporating a special mattress or other unconventional components. (D) Undersize crib--a non-full-size baby crib with an interior length dimension smaller than 126.3 cm (49\3/4\ in.), or an interior width dimension smaller than 64.3 cm (25\3/8\ in.), or both. (E) Oversize crib--a non-full-size baby crib with an interior length dimension greater than 139.7 cm (55 in.), or an interior width dimension greater than 77.7 cm (30\5/8\ in.), or both. (v) Does not include mesh/net/screen cribs, nonrigidly constructed baby cribs, cradles (both rocker and pendulum types), car beds, baby baskets, and bassinets (also known as junior cribs). (2) Play yard means a framed enclosure that includes a floor and has mesh or fabric sided panels primarily intended to provide a play or sleeping environment for children. It may fold for storage or travel. (3) Place of public accommodation affecting commerce means any inn, hotel, or other establishment that provides lodging to transient guests, except that such term does not include an establishment treated as an apartment building for purposes of any State or local law or regulation or an establishment located within a building that contains not more than five rooms for rent or hire and that is actually occupied as a residence by the proprietor of such establishment. Sec. 1220.2 Requirements for non-full-size baby cribs. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each non- full-size baby crib shall comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F406-19, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs/Play Yards, approved March 15, 2019. The Director of the Federal Register approves the incorporation by reference listed in this section in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy of this ASTM standard from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959; www.astm.org. You may inspect a copy at the Division of the Secretariat, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone 301-504-7923, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. (b) Comply with the ASTM F406-19 standard with the following exclusions: (1) Do not comply with sections 5.6.2 through 5.6.2.4 of ASTM F406- 19. (2) Do not comply with section 5.16.2 of ASTM F406-19. (3) Do not comply with sections 5.19 through 5.19.2.2 of ASTM F406- 19. (4) Do not comply with section 7, Performance Requirements for Mesh/ Fabric Products, of ASTM F406-19. (5) Do not comply with sections 8.11 through 8.11.2.4 of ASTM F406- 19. (6) Do not comply with sections 8.12 through 8.12.2.2 of ASTM F406- 19. (7) Do not comply with sections 8.14 through 8.14.2 of ASTM F406-19. (8) Do not comply with sections 8.15 through 8.15.3.3 of ASTM F406- 19. [[Page 469]] (9) Do not comply with section 8.16 through 8.16.3 of ASTM F406-19. (10) Do not comply with sections 8.28 through 8.28.3.2 of ASTM F406- 19. (11) Do not comply with sections 8.29 through 8.29.3 of ASTM F406- 19. (12) Do not comply with sections 8.30 through 8.30.5 of ASTM F406- 19. (13) Do not comply with sections 8.31 through 8.31.9 of ASTM F406- 19. (14) Do not comply with sections 9.3.2 through 9.3.2.4 of ASTM F406- 19. [84 FR 56689, Oct. 23, 2019] PART 1221_SAFETY STANDARD FOR PLAY YARDS--Table of Contents Sec. 1221.1 Scope. 1221.2 Requirements for play yards. Authority: Sec. 104, Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016 (15 U.S.C. 2056a). Source: 77 FR 52228, Aug. 29, 2012, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1221.1 Scope. This part establishes a consumer product safety standard for play yards manufactured or imported on or after January 20, 2020. [84 FR 56689, Oct. 23, 2019] Sec. 1221.2 Requirements for play yards. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each play yard must comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F406-19, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs/Play Yards, approved on March 15, 2019. The Director of the Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy of this ASTM standard from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959; www.astm.org. You may inspect a copy at the Division of the Secretariat, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone 301-504- 7923, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ ibr-locations.html. (b) Comply with the ASTM F406-19 standard with the following exclusions: (1) Do not comply with section 5.17 of ASTM F406-19. (2) Do not comply with section 5.20 of ASTM F406-19. (3) Do not comply with section 6, Performance Requirements for Rigid Sided Products, of ASTM F406-19. (4) Do not comply with sections 8.1 through 8.10.5 of ASTM F406-19. (5) Instead of complying with section 9.4.2.10 of ASTM F406-19, comply only with the following: (i) 9.4.2.10 For products that have a separate mattress that is not permanently fixed in place: Use ONLY mattress/pad provided by manufacturer. (ii) [Reserved] (6) Do not comply with section 10.1.1.1 of ASTM F406-19. [84 FR 56689, Oct. 23, 2019] PART 1222_SAFETY STANDARD FOR BEDSIDE SLEEPERS--Table of Contents Sec. 1222.1 Scope. 1222.2 Requirements for bedside sleepers. Authority: The Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, Pub. L. 110-314, Sec. 104, 122 Stat. 3016 (August 14, 2008); Pub. L. 112-28, 125 Stat. 273 (August 12, 2011). Source: 79 FR 2589, Jan. 15, 2014, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1222.1 Scope. This part establishes a consumer product safety standard for bedside sleepers. Sec. 1222.2 Requirements for bedside sleepers. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each bedside sleeper must comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F2906-13, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Bedside Sleepers, approved on July 1, 2013. The Director of the Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy from ASTM International, 100 Bar Harbor Drive, P.O. Box 0700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428; http:// [[Page 470]] www.astm.org/cpsc.htm. You may inspect a copy at the Office of the Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone 301-504-7923, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ ibr_locations.html. (b) Comply with ASTM F2906-13 with the following changes: (1) Instead of complying with section 5.1 of ASTM F2906-13, comply with the following: (i) Prior to or immediately after testing to this consumer safety specification, the bedside sleeper must be tested to 16 CFR part 1218. Multimode products must also be tested to each applicable standard. When testing to 16 CFR part 1218 the unit shall be freestanding, and not be secured to the test platform as dictated elsewhere in this standard. (ii) 5.1.1 The bassinet minimum side height shall be as required in 16 CFR part 1218, with the exception of a lowered side rail as permitted in 5.4. (2) Instead of complying with section 7.1 of ASTM F2906-13, comply with the following: (i) All bedside sleeper products shall comply with the marking and labeling requirements of 16 CFR part 1218. (ii) [Reserved] (3) Instead of complying with section 8.1 of ASTM F2906-13, comply with the following: (i) All bedside sleeper products shall comply with the instructional literature requirements of 16 CFR part 1218. (ii) [Reserved] PART 1223_SAFETY STANDARD FOR INFANT SWINGS--Table of Contents Sec. 1223.1 Scope. 1223.2 Requirements for infant swings. Authority: Sec. 104, Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016 (15 U.S.C. 2056a); Sec 3, Pub. L. 112-28, 125 Stat. 273. Source: 77 FR 66713, Nov. 7, 2012, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1223.1 Scope. This part establishes a consumer product safety standard for infant swings. Sec. 1223.2 Requirements for infant swings. Each infant swing must comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F2088-22, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Infant and Cradle Swings, approved on May 1, 2022. The Director of the Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. A read-only copy of the standard is available for viewing on the ASTM website at https://www.astm.org/READINGLIBRARY/. You may obtain a copy from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959; telephone (610) 832- 9585; www.astm.org. You may inspect a copy at the Office of the Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone (301) 504-7479, email cpsc- [email protected], or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal- register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. [87 FR 57394, Sept. 20, 2022] PART 1224_SAFETY STANDARD FOR PORTABLE BED RAILS--Table of Contents Sec. 1224.1 Scope, application, and effective date. 1224.2 Requirements for portable bed rails. Authority: Sec. 104, Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016 (15 U.S.C. 2056a); Sec 3, Pub. L. 112-28, 125 Stat. 273. Source: 77 FR 12197, Feb. 29, 2012, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1224.1 Scope, application, and effective date. This part establishes a consumer product safety standard for portable bed rails manufactured or imported on or after August 29, 2012. [[Page 471]] Sec. 1224.2 Requirements for portable bed rails. Each portable bed rail as defined in ASTM F2085-19, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Portable Bed Rails, approved on November 1, 2019, must comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F2085-19. The Director of the Federal Register approves the incorporation by reference listed in this section in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy of this ASTM standard from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 USA; phone: 610-832-9585; www.astm.org. A read-only copy of the standard is available for viewing on the ASTM website at https://www.astm.org/READINGLIBRARY/. You may inspect a copy at the Division of the Secretariat, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone 301-504-7479, email: [email protected], or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. [85 FR 10568, Feb. 25, 2020, as amended at 85 FR 40876, July 8, 2020] PART 1225_SAFETY STANDARD FOR HAND-HELD INFANT CARRIERS--Table of Contents Sec. 1225.1 Scope. 1225.2 Requirements for hand-held infant carriers. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2056a(b)(4)(B). Source: 78 FR 73424, Dec. 6, 2013, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1225.1 Scope. This part establishes a consumer product safety standard for hand- held infant carriers. Sec. 1225.2 Requirements for hand-held infant carriers. Each hand-held infant carrier must comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F2050-19, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Hand-Held Infant Carriers, approved on December 15, 2019. The Director of the Federal Register approves the incorporation by reference listed in this section in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy of this ASTM standard from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 USA; phone: 610-832-9585; www.astm.org. A read-only copy of the standard is available for viewing on the ASTM website at https://www.astm.org/ READINGLIBRARY/. You may inspect a copy at the Division of the Secretariat, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East-West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone 301-504-7479, email: [email protected], or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal- register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. [85 FR 30608, May 20, 2020; 85 FR 40876, July 8, 2020] PART 1226_SAFETY STANDARD FOR SOFT INFANT AND TODDLER CARRIERS-- Table of Contents Sec. 1226.1 Scope. 1226.2 Requirements for soft infant and toddler carriers. Authority: The Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, Pub. L. 110-314, Sec. 104, 122 Stat. 3016 (August 14, 2008); Pub. L. 112-28, 125 Stat. 273 (August 12, 2011). Source: 79 FR 17433, Mar. 28, 2014, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1226.1 Scope. This part establishes a consumer product safety standard for soft infant and toddler carriers. Sec. 1226.2 Requirements for soft infant and toddler carriers. (a) Each soft infant and toddler carrier must comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F2236-14, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Soft Infant and Toddler Carriers, approved on January 1, 2014. The Director of the [[Page 472]] Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy from ASTM International, 100 Bar Harbor Drive, P.O. Box 0700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428; http://www.astm.org/cpsc.htm. You may inspect a copy at the Office of the Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone 301-504-7923, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741- 6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/ code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. (b) [Reserved] PART 1227_SAFETY STANDARD FOR CARRIAGES AND STROLLERS--Table of Contents Sec. 1227.1 Scope. 1227.2 Requirements for carriages and strollers. Authority: The Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, Pub. L. 110-314, Sec. 104, 122 Stat. 3016 (August 14, 2008); Pub. L. 112-28, 125 Stat. 273 (August 12, 2011). Source: 79 FR 13216, Mar. 10, 2014, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1227.1 Scope. This part establishes a consumer product safety standard for carriages and strollers. Sec. 1227.2 Requirements for carriages and strollers. Each carriage and stroller shall comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F833-21, Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Carriages and Strollers, approved June 15, 2021. The Director of the Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. A read- only copy of the standard is available for viewing on the ASTM website at https://www.astm.org/READINGLIBRARY/. You may obtain a copy from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959; phone: (610) 832-9585; www.astm.org. You may inspect a copy at the Division of the Secretariat, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone (301) 504-7479, email: [email protected], or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. [86 FR 64349, Nov. 18, 2021] PART 1228_SAFETY STANDARD FOR SLING CARRIERS--Table of Contents Sec. 1228.1 Scope. 1228.2 Requirements for sling carriers. Authority: Sec. 104, Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016 (15 U.S.C. 2056a). Source: 82 FR 8687, Jan. 30, 2017, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1228.1 Scope. This part establishes a consumer product safety standard for sling carriers. Sec. 1228.2 Requirements for sling carriers. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each sling carrier must comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F2907-22, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Sling Carriers, approved on April 1, 2022. The Director of the Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. A read-only copy of the standard is available for viewing on the ASTM website at https://www.astm.org/READINGLIBRARY/. You may obtain a copy from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959; telephone (610) 832-9585; www.astm.org. You may inspect a copy at the Division of the Secretariat, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone (301) 504-7479, email [email protected], or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [[Page 473]] [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ ibr-locations.html. (b)(1) Comply with ASTM F2907-22 standard with the following changes: (i) In addition to complying with section 5.7.2 of ASTM F2907-22, comply with the following: (ii) 5.7.3 Warning labels that are attached to the fabric with seams shall remain in contact with the fabric around the entire perimeter of the label, when the sling is in all manufacturer recommended use positions. (2) [Reserved] [87 FR 50934, Aug. 19, 2022] PART 1229_SAFETY STANDARD FOR INFANT BOUNCER SEATS--Table of Contents Sec. 1229.1 Scope. 1229.2 Requirements for infant bouncer seats. Authority: Sec. 104, Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016 (15 U.S.C. 2056a). Source: 82 FR 43480, Sept. 18, 2017, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1229.1 Scope. This part establishes a consumer product safety standard for infant bouncer seats. Sec. 1229.2 Requirements for infant bouncer seats. Each infant bouncer seat must comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F2167-22, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Infant Bouncer Seats, approved on approved May 1, 2022. The Director of the Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. A read-only copy of the standard is available for viewing on the ASTM website at www.astm.org/ READINGLIBRARY/. You may obtain a copy from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959; telephone (610) 832-9585; www.astm.org. You may inspect a copy at the Office of the Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone (301) 504-7479, email [email protected], or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal- register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. [87 FR 54366, Sept. 6, 2022] PART 1230_SAFETY STANDARD FOR FRAME CHILD CARRIERS--Table of Contents Sec. 1230.1 Scope. 1230.2 Requirements for frame child carriers. Authority: The Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, Pub. L. 110-314, Sec. 104, 122 Stat. 3016 (August 14, 2008); Pub. L. 112-28, 125 Stat. 273 (August 12, 2011). Source: 80 FR 11121, Mar. 2, 2015, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1230.1 Scope. This part establishes a consumer product safety standard for frame child carriers. Sec. 1230.2 Requirements for frame child carriers. Each frame child carrier must comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F2549-22, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Frame Child Carriers, approved on approved April 1, 2022. The Director of the Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. A read-only copy of the standard is available for viewing on the ASTM website at www.astm.org/ READINGLIBRARY/. You may obtain a copy from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959; telephone (610) 832-9585; www.astm.org. You may inspect a copy at the Office of the Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East-West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone (301) 504-7479, email [email protected], or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal- register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. [87 FR 53662, Sept. 1, 2022] [[Page 474]] PART 1231_SAFETY STANDARD FOR HIGH CHAIRS--Table of Contents Sec. 1231.1 Scope. 1231.2 Requirements for high chairs. Authority: Sec. 104, Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016 (15 U.S.C. 2056a); Sec 3, Pub. L. 112-28, 125 Stat. 273. Source: 83 FR 28370, June 19, 2018, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1231.1 Scope. This part establishes a consumer product safety standard for high chairs. Sec. 1231.2 Requirements for high chairs. Each high chair shall comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F404-21, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for High Chairs, approved on November 15, 2021. The Director of the Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. A read-only copy of the standard is available for viewing on the ASTM website at https://www.astm.org/READINGLIBRARY/. You may obtain a copy from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959; telephone (610) 832-9585; www.astm.org. You may inspect a copy at the Division of the Secretariat, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone (301) 504-7479, email cpsc- [email protected], or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal- register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. [87 FR 42636, July 18, 2022] PART 1232_SAFETY STANDARD FOR CHILDREN'S FOLDING CHAIRS AND CHILDREN'S FOLDING STOOLS--Table of Contents Sec. 1232.1 Scope. 1232.2 Requirements for children's folding chairs and children's folding stools. Authority: Sec. 104, Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016 (15 U.S.C. 2056a); Sec 3, Pub. L. 112-28, 125 Stat. 273. Source: 86 FR 26658, May 17, 2021, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1232.1 Scope. This part establishes a consumer product safety standard for children's folding chairs and children's folding stools. Sec. 1232.2 Requirements for children's folding chairs and children's folding stools. Each children's folding chair and children's folding stool shall comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F2613-21, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Children's Chairs and Stools, approved on February 1, 2021. The Director of the Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy of this ASTM standard from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 USA; phone: 610-832-9585; www.astm.org. A read-only copy of the standard is available for viewing on the ASTM website at https:// www.astm.org/READINGLIBRARY/. You may inspect a copy at the Division of the Secretariat, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone 301-504-7479, email: [email protected], or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal- register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. PART 1233_SAFETY STANDARD FOR PORTABLE HOOK-ON CHAIRS--Table of Contents Sec. 1233.1 Scope. 1233.2 Requirements for portable hook-on chairs. Authority: Sec. 104, Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016 (August 14, 2008); Pub. L. 112-28, 125 Stat. 273 (August 12, 2011). Source: 81 FR 17065, Mar. 28, 2016, unless otherwise noted. [[Page 475]] Sec. 1233.1 Scope. This part establishes a consumer product safety standard for portable hook-on chairs. Sec. 1233.2 Requirements for portable hook-on chairs. Each portable hook-on chair must comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F1235-18, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Portable Hook-On Chairs, approved May 1, 2018. The Director of the Federal Register approves the incorporation by reference listed in this section in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy of this ASTM standard from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 USA; phone: 610-832-9585; http://www.astm.org/. You may inspect a copy at the Division of the Secretariat, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone 301-504- 7923, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741- 6030, or go to: https://www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr- locations.html. [83 FR 48219, Sept. 24, 2018] PART 1234_SAFETY STANDARD FOR INFANT BATH TUBS--Table of Contents Sec. 1234.1 Scope. 1234.2 Requirements for infant bath tubs. Authority: The Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, Pub. L. 110-314, 104, 122 Stat. 3016 (August 14, 2008); Pub. L. 112-28, 125 Stat. 273 (August 12, 2011). Source: 82 FR 15627, Mar. 30, 2017, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1234.1 Scope. This part establishes a consumer product safety standard for infant bath tubs. Sec. 1234.2 Requirements for infant bath tubs. Each infant bath tub must comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F2670-22, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Infant Bath Tubs, approved on March 1, 2022. The Director of the Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. A read-only copy of the standard is available for viewing on the ASTM website at https://www.astm.org/READINGLIBRARY/. You may obtain a copy from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959; telephone (610) 832- 9585; www.astm.org. You may inspect a copy at the Division of the Secretariat, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East-West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone (301) 504-7479, email [email protected], or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal- register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. [87 FR 37732, June 24, 2022] PART 1235_SAFETY STANDARD FOR BABY CHANGING PRODUCTS--Table of Contents Sec. 1235.1 Scope. 1235.2 Requirements for baby changing products. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2056a; Sec 3, Pub. L. 112-28, 125 Stat. 273. Source: 83 FR 29861, June 26, 2018, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1235.1 Scope. This part establishes a consumer product safety standard for baby changing products. Sec. 1235.2 Requirements for baby changing products. Each baby changing product shall comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F2388-21, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Baby Changing Products for Domestic Use, approved on November 15, 2021. The Director of the Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. A read- only copy of the standard is available for viewing on the ASTM website at https://www.astm.org/READINGLIBRARY/. You may obtain a [[Page 476]] copy from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959; telephone (610) 832-9585; www.astm.org. You may inspect a copy at the Division of the Secretariat, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone (301) 504-7479, email [email protected], or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. [87 FR 24417, Apr. 26, 2022] PART 1236_SAFETY STANDARD FOR INFANT SLEEP PRODUCTS--Table of Contents Sec. 1236.1 Scope. 1236.2 Requirements for infant sleep products. Authority: Sec. 104, Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016 (15 U.S.C. 2056a); Sec. 3, Pub. L. 112-28, 125 Stat. 273. Source: 86 FR 33071, June 23, 2021, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1236.1 Scope. This part establishes a consumer product safety standard for infant sleep products, including inclined and flat sleep surfaces, that applies to all products marketed or intended to provide a sleeping accommodation for an infant up to 5 months of age, and that are not already subject to any of the following standards: (a) 16 CFR part 1218 Safety Standard for Bassinets and Cradles; (b) 16 CFR part 1219 Safety Standard for Full-Size Baby Cribs; (c) 16 CFR part 1220 Safety Standard for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs; (d) 16 CFR part 1221 Safety Standard for Play Yards; (e) 16 CFR part 1222 Safety Standard for Bedside Sleepers. Sec. 1236.2 Requirements for infant sleep products. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each infant sleep product must comply with ASTM F3118-17a, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Infant Inclined Sleep Products (approved on September 1, 2017). The Director of the Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959; phone: (610) 832-9585; www.astm.org. A read-only copy of the standard is available for viewing on the ASTM website at https://www.astm.org/READINGLIBRARY/. You may inspect a copy at the Division of the Secretariat, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East-West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone (301) 504-7479, email: [email protected], or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. (b) Comply with ASTM F3118-17a with the following additions or exclusions: (1) Instead of complying with Introduction of ASTM F3118-17a, comply with the following: (i) Introduction. This consumer safety specification addresses incidents associated with infant sleep products identified by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). (A) In response to incident data compiled by CPSC, this consumer safety specification attempts to minimize the following: (1) Fall hazards, (2) Asphyxiation and suffocation, and (3) Obstruction of nose and mouth by bedding. (B) The purpose of the standard is to address infant sleep products not already covered by traditional sleep product standards and to reduce deaths associated with known infant sleep hazards, including, but not limited to, a seat back or sleep surface angle that is greater than 10 degrees from the horizontal. (C) This consumer safety specification is written within the current state-of-the-art of infant sleep product technology and will be updated whenever substantive information becomes [[Page 477]] available that necessitates additional requirements or justifies the revision of existing requirements. (ii) [Reserved] (2) In section 1.1 of ASTM F3118-17a, replace the term ``infant inclined sleep products'' with ``infant sleep products.'' (3) In section 1.2 of ASTM F3118-17a, replace the term ``infant inclined sleep products'' with ``infant sleep products.'' (4) Instead of complying with section 1.3 of ASTM F3118-17a, comply with the following: (i) 1.3 This consumer safety performance specification covers infant sleep products, including inclined and flat sleep surfaces, marketed or intended to provide a sleeping accommodation for an infant up to 5 months old, and that are not already subject to any of the following standards: (A) 16 CFR part 1218--Safety Standard for Bassinets and Cradles, incorporating by reference ASTM F2194, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Bassinets and Cradles; (B) 16 CFR part 1219--Safety Standard for Full-Size Baby Cribs, incorporating by reference ASTM F1169, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Full-Size Baby Cribs; (C) 16 CFR part 1220--Safety Standard for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs, incorporating by reference applicable requirements in ASTM F406, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs/Play Yards; (D) 16 CFR part 1221--Safety Standard for Play Yards, incorporating by reference applicable requirements in ASTM F406, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs/Play Yards; (E) 16 CFR part 1222--Safety Standard for Bedside Sleepers, incorporating by reference ASTM F2906, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Bedside Sleepers. (ii) 1.3.1 If the infant sleep product can be converted into a product for which a CPSC regulation exists, the product shall meet the applicable requirements of the CPSC regulation, when in that use mode. If the infant sleep product can be converted into a product for which no CPSC regulation exists, but another ASTM consumer safety specification exists, the product shall meet the applicable requirements of the ASTM consumer safety specification, when in that use mode. (iii) 1.3.2 Crib mattresses that meet the requirements of ASTM F2933 are not covered by the specifications of this standard. (5) In section 1.4 of ASTM F3118-17a, replace the term ``infant inclined sleep product'' with ``infant sleep product.'' (6) Instead of complying with section 2.1 of ASTM F3118-17a, comply with the following: (i) F406 Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs/Play Yards; (ii) F1169 Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Full-Size Baby Cribs; (iii) F2194 Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Bassinets and Cradles; (iv) F2906 Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Bedside Sleepers; (v) F2933 Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Crib Mattresses. (7) Instead of complying with section 2.2 of ASTM F3118-17a, comply with the following: (i) 16 CFR 1218--Safety Standard for Bassinets and Cradles; (ii) 16 CFR 1219--Safety Standard for Full-Size Baby Cribs; (iii) 16 CFR 1220--Safety Standard for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs; (iv) 16 CFR 1221--Safety Standard for Play Yards; (v) 16 CFR 1222--Safety Standard for Bedside Sleepers. (8) Do not comply with sections 2.3 and 2.4 of ASTM F3118-17a, including Figures 1 and 2. (9) Do not comply with sections 3.1.1 through 3.1.6 of ASTM F3118- 17a. (10) Instead of complying with section 3.1.7 of ASTM F3118-17a, comply with the following: (i) 3.1.7 infant sleep product, n--a product marketed or intended to provide a sleeping accommodation for an infant up to 5 months of age, and that is not subject to any of the following: (A) 16 CFR part 1218--Safety Standard for Bassinets and Cradles; (B) 16 CFR part 1219--Safety Standard for Full-Size Baby Cribs; (C) 16 CFR part 1220--Safety Standard for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs; [[Page 478]] (D) 16 CFR part 1221- Safety Standard for Play Yards; (E) 16 CFR part 1222--Safety Standard for Bedside Sleepers. (ii) [Reserved] (11) Do not comply with sections 3.1.7.1 through 3.1.13 of ASTM F3118-17a. (12) Do not comply with section 3.1.15 through 3.1.16 of ASTM F3118- 17a. (13) Do not comply with section 5 of ASTM F3118-17a. (14) Do not comply with sections 6.1 through 6.8 of ASTM F3118-17a. (15) Instead of complying with section 6.9 of ASTM F3118-17a, comply with the following: (i) 6.9 Maximum Seat Back/Sleep Surface Angle: (ii) 6.9.1 Infant Sleep Product--The angle of the seat back/sleep surface intended for sleep along the occupant's head to toe axis relative to the horizontal shall not exceed 10 degrees when tested in accordance with 7.11.2. (iii) Do not comply with 6.9.2. (iv) 6.9.3 Infant Sleep Products--shall meet, 16 CFR part 1218, Safety Standard for Bassinets and Cradles, including conforming to the definition of a ``bassinet/cradle.'' (16) Do not comply with sections 6.10 through 7.10 of ASTM F3118- 17a. (17) Do not comply with section 7.11.1.3 of ASTM F3118-17a. (18) In section 7.11.2 of ASTM F3118-17a, replace ``Infant Inclined Sleep Product and Infant Inclined Sleep Product Accessory'' with ``Infant Sleep Products.'' (19) Instead of complying with section 7.11.2.1 and 7.11.2.2 of ASTM F3118-17a, comply with the following: (i) 7.11.2.1 If applicable, place the product in the manufacturer's recommended highest seat back/sleep surface angle position intended for sleep. (ii) 7.11.2.2 Place the hinged weight gage-infant in the product and position the gage with the hinge centered over the seat bight line and the upper plate of the gage on the seat back/sleep surface. Place a digital protractor on the upper torso/head area lengthwise. (20) Do not comply with sections 7.11.3 through 9, or the Appendix, of ASTM F3118-17a. (21) Add section 10.2 to ASTM F3118-17a: (i) 10.2 infant sleep product (ii) [Reserved] PART 1237_SAFETY STANDARD FOR BOOSTER SEATS--Table of Contents Sec. 1237.1 Scope. 1237.2 Requirements for booster seats. Authority: Sec. 104, Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016 (August 14, 2008); Sec. 3, Pub. L. 112-28, 125 Stat. 273 (August 12, 2011). Source: 83 FR 30849, July 2, 2018, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1237.1 Scope. This part establishes a consumer product safety standard for booster seats. Sec. 1237.2 Requirements for booster seats. Each booster seat must comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F2640-18, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Booster Seats (approved on April 1, 2018). The Director of the Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy from ASTM International, 100 Bar Harbor Drive, P.O. Box 0700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428; http:/ /www.astm.org. You may inspect a copy at the Office of the Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East-West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone: 301-504-7923, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. PART 1238_SAFETY STANDARD FOR STATIONARY ACTIVITY CENTERS--Table of Contents Sec. 1238.1 Scope. 1238.2 Requirements for Stationary Activity Centers. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2056a. Source: 84 FR 28211, June 18, 2019, unless otherwise noted. [[Page 479]] Sec. 1238.1 Scope. This part establishes a consumer product safety standard for stationary activity centers. Sec. 1238.2 Requirements for stationary activity centers. Each stationary activity center shall comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F2012-18[epsiv]\1\Standard Consumer Safety Performance Specification for Stationary Activity Centers, approved on March 1, 2018. The Director of the Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy from ASTM International, 100 Bar Harbor Drive, P.O. Box 0700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428; http://www.astm.org. You may inspect a copy at the Division of the Secretariat, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East-West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone 301-504-7923, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: https:// www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. PART 1239_SAFETY STANDARD FOR GATES AND ENCLOSURES--Table of Contents Sec. 1239.1 Scope. 1239.2 Requirements for gates and enclosures. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2056a. Source: 85 FR 40112, July 6, 2020, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1239.1 Scope. This part establishes a consumer product safety standard for gates and enclosures. Sec. 1239.2 Requirements for gates and enclosures. Each gate and enclosure shall comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F1004-21, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Expansion Gates and Expandable Enclosures, approved on May 15, 2021. The Director of the Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959; phone: (610) 832-9585; www.astm.org. A read-only copy of the standard is available for viewing on the ASTM website at https://www.astm.org/READINGLIBRARY/. You may inspect a copy at the Division of the Secretariat, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East-West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone (301) 504-7479, email: [email protected], or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. [86 FR 53538, Sept. 28, 2021] Effective Date Note: At 87 FR 68036, Nov. 14, 2022, Sec. 1239.2 was revised, effective Jan. 21, 2023. For the convenience of the user, the revised text is set forth as follows: Sec. 1239.2 Requirements for gates and enclosures. Each gate and enclosure must comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F1004-22, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Expansion Gates and Expandable Enclosures, approved on June 1, 2022. The Director of the Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. A read-only copy of the standard is available for viewing on the ASTM website at https:// www.astm.org/READINGLIBRARY/. You may obtain a copy from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959; telephone (610) 832-9585; www.astm.org. You may inspect a copy at the Office of the Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone (301) 504-7479, email [email protected], or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. PART 1241_SAFETY STANDARD FOR CRIB MATTRESSES--Table of Contents Sec. 1241.1 Scope. 1241.2 Requirements for crib mattresses. [[Page 480]] Authority: Sec. 104, Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016 (15 U.S.C. 2056a); Sec. 3, Pub. L. 112-28, 125 Stat. 273. Source: 87 FR 8673, Feb. 15, 2022, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1241.1 Scope. This part establishes a consumer product safety standard for crib mattresses. The scope of this standard for crib mattresses includes all crib mattresses within the scope of ASTM F2933, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Crib Mattresses, including: Full-size crib mattresses, non-full-size crib mattresses, and after-market mattresses for play yards and non-full-size cribs. Sec. 1241.2 Requirements for crib mattresses. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each crib mattress must comply with all applicable provisions of ASTM F2933-21, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Crib Mattresses (approved on June 15, 2021). The Director of the Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy from ASTM International, 100 Bar Harbor Drive, P.O. Box 0700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428; http://www.astm.org/ cpsc.htm. Once incorporated by reference, you may review a read-only copy of ASTM F2933-21 at https://www.astm.org/READINGROOM/. You may also inspect a copy at the Division of the Secretariat, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East-West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone 301-504-7923, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: https:// www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. (b) Comply with ASTM F2933-21 with the following additions or exclusions: (1) Instead of complying with section 3.1.2 of ASTM F2933-21, comply with the following: (i) 3.1.2 conspicuous, adj--visible when the mattress is being handled by a consumer placing the mattress in its intended use position in a product. (ii) [Reserved] (2) Add the following paragraph to section 3.1 of ASTM F2933-21: (i) 3.1.11 sleep surface, n--The product component, or group of components, providing the horizontal plane, or nearly horizontal plane (<=10[deg]), intended to support an infant during sleep. (ii) [Reserved] (3) Instead of complying with section 5.7.1.1 of ASTM F2933-21, comply with the following: (i) 5.7.1.1 Mattress Size--The dimensions of a full-size crib mattress shall measure at least 27\1/4\ in. (690 mm) wide and 51\5/8\ in. (1310 mm) long. When the mattress with the test mattress sheet is placed against the perimeter and in the corner of the crib, the corner gap shall not exceed 3.15 in. (80.0 mm). Dimensions shall be tested in accordance with 6.2. (ii) [Reserved] (4) Instead of complying with section 5.7.2 through 5.7.2.2 of ASTM F2933-21, comply with the following: (i) 5.7.2 Non-Full-Size Crib Mattresses--For the purposes of this section, the term product refers to a non-full-size crib. (ii) 5.7.2.1 Mattress supplied with a non-full-size crib: Shall meet the specifications of Stability; Cord/Strap Length; Mattresses for Rigid sided products; and Crib Side Height of 16 CFR part 1220, Safety Standard for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs, when tested with the product with which it is supplied. (iii) 5.7.2.2 After-market mattresses for non-full-size cribs: Shall be treated as though the mattresses were ``the mattress supplied with a non-full-size crib'' and shall meet the specifications of Stability; Cord/Strap Length; Mattresses for Rigid sided products; and Crib Side Height in 16 CFR part 1220, Safety Standard for Non-Full-Size Baby Cribs, when tested to the equivalent interior dimension of the product for which it is intended to be used. (iv) 5.7.2.3 The after-market mattress must be at least the same size as the original equipment mattress or larger and lay flat on the floor of the product, in contact with the product mattress support structure. [[Page 481]] (v) 5.7.2.4 If the original equipment mattress includes a floor support structure, the after-market mattress must include a floor support structure that is at least as thick as the original equipment mattress floor support structure. (vi) 5.7.2.5 If the original equipment mattress includes storage accommodations for the product instruction manual, the after-market mattress shall provide equivalent storage accommodations for the product instruction manual. (5) Instead of complying with section 5.9 through 5.9.1.2 of ASTM F2933-21, comply with the following: (i) 5.9 After-Market Mattress for Play Yard--For the purposes of this section, the term ``product'' refers to a play yard. (ii) 5.9.1 For Mesh/Fabric Sided Play Yard Products: (iii) 5.9.1.1 The after-market mattress and product it is tested in shall meet the applicable requirements of the following sections of 16 CFR part 1221, Safety Standard for Play Yards, when tested with each brand and model of product for which it is intended to replace the mattress: Stability; Cord/Strap Length; Mattress; Height of Sides; Floor Strength; Mattress Vertical Displacement. (iv) 5.9.1.2 If the aftermarket mattress is intended to be used in the bassinet of a play yard with a bassinet attachment, the mattress shall also meet the specifications of the following sections of 16 CFR part 1218, Safety Standard for Bassinets and Cradles, when tested with each brand and model for which it is intended to replace the mattress: Pad Thickness for Fabric or Mesh Sided Products; Pad dimensions; Side Height; Bassinets with Segmented Mattresses. This section applies only to a play yard mattress that is interchangeably used as a play yard mattress and as a bassinet mattress/pad. (6) Add the following paragraphs to section 5 of ASTM F2933-21: (i) 5.10 Mattress Firmness. (ii) 5.10.1 All crib mattresses within the scope of this standard, when tested in accordance with 6.3, the feeler arm shall not contact the sleep surface of the crib mattress. (iii) 5.11 Coil Springs. The requirements in this section only pertain to crib mattresses with coil springs. (iv) 5.11.1 When tested in accordance with 6.4, there shall be no exposed coil springs or metal wires. (7) Renumber section 6.2.2 of ASTM F2933-21 to section 6.2.3. (8) Renumber section 6.2.2.1 of ASTM F2933-21 to section 6.2.3.1. (9) Renumber section 6.2.2.2 of ASTM F2933-21 to section 6.2.3.2. (10) Renumber section 6.2.2.3 of ASTM F2933-21 to section 6.2.3.3. (11) Renumber section 6.2.2.4 of ASTM F2933021 to section 6.2.3.4. (12) Add the following paragraphs to section 6.2.3 of ASTM F2933021: (i) 6.2.3.5 The test mattress sheet shall be placed on the mattress such that each sheet edge is wrapped fully around and under the mattress. (ii) 6.2.3.6 Repeat step 6.2.3.2. Then measure the shortest gap between the mattress and the projected crib corner after the dimensions of the mattress have been recorded. The projected crib corner is located 53 in. \1/8\ in. (1346 mm 3.2 mm) from Wall C and 28\5/8\ in. \1/8\ in. (727 mm 3.2 mm) from Wall D, as shown in Fig. 2. The mattress shall not be moved during measurement. This shall be the corner gap measurement. (iii) 6.2.3.7 Rotate the mattress 180[deg] such that the opposing corner is adjacent to Walls C and D, then repeat 6.2.3.6. (13) Instead of complying with section 6.2.2 of ASTM F2933-21, comply with the following: (i) 6.2.2 Test Equipment-Mattress Sheet: (ii) 6.2.2.1 The mattress sheet shall be 100% cotton and fitted for the mattress to be tested. (iii) 6.2.2.2 The mattress sheet shall be washed in hot water (50 [deg]C [122 [deg]F] or higher) and dried a minimum of two times on the highest setting using household textile laundering units. This shall be the test mattress sheet. (14) Add the following paragraphs as section 6.3 of ASTM F2933-21. (i) 6.3 Mattress Firmness. (ii) 6.3.1 Test Fixture: (iii) 6.3.1.1 The fixture, as shown in Fig. 3, shall be a rigid, robust object with a round footprint of diameter 203 mm 1 mm, and an overall mass of 5200 [[Page 482]] g 20 g. The lower edge of the fixture shall have a radius not larger than 1 mm. Overhanging the footprint by 40 mm 2 mm shall be a flexible, flat bar of width 12 mm 0.2 mm with square-cut ends. This bar may be fashioned from a shortened hacksaw blade. The bar shall rest parallel to the bottom surface of the fixture and shall be positioned at a height of 15 mm 0.2 mm above the bottom surface of the fixture. The bar shall lay directly over a radial axis of the footprint (i.e., such that a longitudinal centerline of the bar would pass over the center of the footprint). (iv) 6.3.1.2 Included on the fixture, but not overhanging the footprint, shall be a linear level that is positioned on a plane parallel to the bar, and in a direction parallel to the bar. (v) 6.3.1.3 Other parts of the fixture, including any handle arrangement and any clamping arrangement for the bar, shall not comprise more that 30% of the total mass of the fixture, and shall be mounted as concentric and as low as possible. (vi) 6.3.2 Test Method: (vii) 6.3.2.1 Mattresses that are supplied with a product shall be tested when positioned on that product. Mattresses sold independent of a product, shall be tested on a flat, rigid, horizontal support. After- market mattresses for play yards and non-full-size cribs shall be tested with each brand and model of product it is intended to replace. (viii) 6.3.2.2 Where a user of a mattress could possibly position either side face up, even if this is not an intended use, then both sides of the mattress shall be tested. (ix) 6.3.2.3 Before testing each mattress, the following steps shall be followed: (A) Verify there is no excess moisture in the mattress, beyond reasonable laboratory humidity levels. (B) Allow sufficient time per the manufacturer's instructions to fully inflate, if shipped in a vacuum sealed package. (C) Shake and or agitate the mattress in order to fully aerate and distribute all internal components evenly. (D) Place the mattress in the manufacturer's recommended use position if there is one, in the supplied product, or on a flat, rigid, horizontal support. (E) Let the mattress rest for at least 5 minutes. (F) Mark a longitudinal centerline on the mattress sleep surface, and divide this line in half. This point will be the first test location. Then further divide the two lines on either side of the first test location into halves. These will be the second and third test locations. (x) 6.3.2.4. Position the test fixture on each of the test locations, with the footprint of the fixture centered on the location, with the bar extending over the centerline and always pointing at the same end of the mattress sleep surface. (A) At each test location in turn, rotate the bar to point in the required direction, and gently set the fixture down on the mattress sleep surface, ensuring that the footprint of the fixture does not extend beyond the edge of the mattress. The fixture shall be placed as horizontal as possible, using the level to verify. If the bar makes contact with the top of the mattress sleep surface, even slightly, the mattress is considered to have failed the test. (B) Repeat Step (A) at the remaining locations identified in 6.3.2.3(F). (C) Repeat Step (A) at a location away from the centerline most likely to fail (e.g. a very soft spot on the sleep surface or at a raised portion of the sleep surface). In the case of testing a raised portion of a sleep surface, position center of the fixture such that the bar is over the raised portion, to simulate the position of an infant's nose. (D) In the event that the fixture is not resting in a nearly horizontal orientation, repeat the test procedure at that location by beginning again from paragraph (b)(14)(x)(A). However, if the test produces a fail even with the device tilted back away from the bar so as to raise it, then a fail can be recorded. (15) Add the following paragraphs as section 6.4 of ASTM F2933-21: (i) 6.4 Coil Spring Test. (ii) 6.4.1 General--This test consists of dropping a specified weight repeatedly onto the mattress. The test assists in evaluating the structural integrity of a mattress with coil springs. (iii) 6.4.2 Test Fixture: [[Page 483]] (iv) 6.4.2.1 A guided free-fall impacting system machine (which keeps the upper surface of the impact mass parallel to the horizontal surface on which the crib is secured) (See Fig. 4). (v) 6.4.2.2 A 30-lb (13.6-kg) impact mass (see Fig. 5 and Fig. 6). (vi) 6.4.2.3 A 6-in. (150-mm) long gauge. (vii) 6.4.2.4 An enclosed frame measuring 29 inches by 53 inches (737 mm by 1346 mm) for the purpose of restricting mattress movement. When testing full-size mattresses, a full-size crib meeting the requirements of ASTM F1169-19 would suffice. (viii) 6.4.2.5 A \3/4\[sec] piece of plywood or oriented strand board (OSB) that is rigidly supported along the perimeter. (ix) 6.4.3 Test Method: (x) 6.4.3.1 Place the mattress on the wooden support and inside the enclosed frame. (xi) 6.4.3.2 Position geometric center of the impact mass above the geometric center of the test mattress. (xii) 6.4.3.3 Adjust the distance between the top surface of the mattress and bottom surface of the impact mass to 6 in. (150 mm) (using the 6-in. (150-mm) long gauge, per 6.4.2.3) when the impact mass is in its highest position. Lock the impactor mechanism at this height and do not adjust the height during impacting to compensate for any change in distance as a result of the mattress compressing or the mattress support deforming or moving during impacting. (xiii) 6.4.3.4 Allow the 30-lb (13.6-kg) impact mass to fall freely 250 times at the rate of one impact every 4 s. Load retraction shall not begin until at least 2 s after the start of the drop. (xiv) 6.4.3.5 Repeat the step described in 6.4.3.4 at the other test locations shown in Fig. 7. (xv) 6.4.4 The coil spring test shall be repeated on each surface of the mattress. The test shall not be repeated using a mattress that has been previously tested with the coil spring test. (16) Add the following Figures to section 6 of ASTM F2933-21: (i) Figure 2. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15FE22.006 (ii) Figure 3. [[Page 484]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15FE22.007 (iii) Figure 4.\91\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \91\ Reprinted, with permission, from ASTM F1169-19 Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Full-Size Baby Cribs, copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428. A copy of the complete standard may be obtained from ASTM International, www.astm.org. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15FE22.008 [[Page 485]] (iv) Figure 5. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15FE22.009 (v) Figure 6. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15FE22.010 (vi) Figure 7. [[Page 486]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15FE22.011 (17) Instead of complying with sections 7.1 and 7.2 of ASTM F2933- 21, comply with the following: (i) 7.1 Each mattress and its retail package shall be marked or labeled clearly and legibly to indicate the following: (ii) 7.1.1 The name, place of business (city, state, and mailing address, including zip code), and telephone number of the manufacturer, distributor, or seller. (iii) 7.1.2 A code mark or other means that identifies the date (month and year at a minimum) of manufacture. (iv) 7.2 The marking and labeling on the product shall be permanent. (18) Do not comply with sections 7.2.1, 7.2.2, 7.2.2.1, 7.2.2.2, and 7.2.2.3 of ASTM F2933-21. (19) Instead of complying with sections 7.3, 7.3.1, 7.3.2, and 7.3.3 of ASTM F2933-21, comply with the following: (i) 7.3 Any upholstery labeling required by law shall not be used to meet the requirements of this section. (ii) [Reserved] (20) Instead of complying with sections 7.4 and 7.4.1 of ASTM F2933- 21, comply with the following: (i) 7.4 Warning Design for Mattresses: (ii) 7.4.1 The warnings shall be easy to read and understand and be in the English language at a minimum. (iii) 7.4.2 Any marking or labeling provided in addition to those required by this section shall not contradict or confuse the meaning of the required information, or be otherwise misleading to the consumer. (iv) 7.4.3 The warnings shall be conspicuous and permanent. (v) 7.4.4 The warnings shall conform to ANSI Z535.4--2011, American National Standard for Product Safety Signs and Labels, sections 6.1-6.4, 7.2-7.6.3, and 8.1, with the following changes. (vi) 7.4.4.1 In sections 6.2.2, 7.3, 7.5, and 8.1.2, replace ``should'' with ``shall.'' (vii) 7.4.4.2 In section 7.6.3, replace ``should (when feasible)'' with ``shall.'' (viii) 7.4.4.3 Strike the word ``safety'' when used immediately before a color (e.g., replace ``safety white'' with ``white''). (ix) Note 3--For reference, ANSI Z535.1 provides a system for specifying safety colors. (x) 7.4.5 The safety alert symbol ``[Safety Alert Symbol]'' and the signal word ``WARNING'' shall be at least 0.2 [[Page 487]] in. (5 mm) high. The remainder of the text shall be in characters whose upper case shall be at least 0.1 in. (2.5 mm), except where otherwise specified. (xi) Note 4--For improved warning readability, typefaces with large height-to-width ratios, which are commonly identified as ``condensed,'' ``compressed,'' ``narrow,'' or similar should be avoided. (xii) 7.4.6 Message Panel Text Layout: (xiii) 7.4.6.1 The text shall be left aligned, ragged right for all but one-line text messages, which can be left aligned or centered. (xiv) Note 5--Left aligned means that the text is aligned along the left margin, and, in the case of multiple columns of text, along the left side of each individual column. Please see FIG. 8 for examples of left aligned text. (xv) 7.4.6.2 The text in each column should be arranged in list or outline format, with precautionary (hazard avoidance) statements preceded by bullet points. Multiple precautionary statements shall be separated by bullet points if paragraph formatting is used. (xvi) 7.4.7 Example warnings in the format described in this section are shown in FIGS. 9, 10, and 11. (21) Instead of complying with sections 7.5, 7.5.1, 7.5.2, 7.5.3, 7.5.3.1, and 7.5.3.2 of ASTM F2933-21, comply with the following: (i) 7.5 Warning Statements--Each mattress shall have warning statements to address the following, at a minimum, unless otherwise specified. The blank in the mattress fit statement beginning with ``If a gap is larger than,'' needs to be filled with ``1\1/2\ in. (3.8 cm)'' for full-size crib mattresses and ``1 in. (2.5 cm)'' for all other mattresses. (ii) Note 6--Address means that verbiage other than what is shown can be used as long as the meaning is the same or information that is product-specific is presented. SIDS AND SUFFOCATION HAZARDS ALWAYS place baby on back to sleep to reduce the risks of SIDS and suffocation. Babies have suffocated: on pillows, comforters, and extra padding in gaps between a wrong-size mattress, or extra padding, and side walls of product. NEVER add soft bedding, padding, or an extra mattress. USE ONLY one mattress at a time. DO NOT cover the faces or heads of babies with a blanket or over- bundle them. Overheating can increase the risk of SIDS. ALWAYS check mattress fit every time you change the sheets, by pushing mattress tight to one corner. Look for any gaps between the mattress and the side walls. If a gap is larger than ____, the mattress does not fit--do not use it. (iii) Renumber section 7.3.1 of ASTM F2933-21 to section 7.5.1. (iv) In section 7.5.1, replace the reference to ``7.3'' with a reference to ``7.5.'' (v) In section 7.5.1, replace the term ``Only use'' with the term ``USE ONLY.'' (vi) Renumber section 7.3.2 of ASTM F2933-21 to section 7.5.2. (vii) In section 7.5.2, replace the term ``For non-full-size crib mattresses'' with the term ``For non-full-size crib mattresses and after-market mattresses for play yards and non-full-size cribs.'' (viii) In section 7.5.2, replace the reference to ``7.3'' with a reference to ``7.5.'' (ix) In section 7.5.2, replace the term ``Only use'' with the term ``USE ONLY.'' (x) Renumber section 7.3.3 of ASTM F2933-21 to section 7.5.3. (xi) In section 7.5.3, replace the term ``may be included'' with ``are permitted, and replace the term ``7.3 and 7.4'' with ``7.5 and 7.6''. (22) Instead of complying with sections 7.6, 7.6.1, 7.6.1.1, 7.6.1.2, or 7.7 of ASTM F2933-21, comply with the following: (i) 7.6 The following warning statement shall be included exactly as stated in this paragraph (b)(22)(i) and shall be located at the bottom of the warnings on each mattress: DO NOT remove these important safety warnings. (ii) 7.7 Additional Marking and Warnings for After-Market Mattresses for Play Yards and Non-Full-Size Cribs--The mattress shall have: [[Page 488]] (iii) 7.7.1 All warnings added by the original manufacturer which are in addition to those required by this standard. (iv) 7.7.2 Assembly/attachment instructions that were provided on the original mattress. (v) 7.7.3 The specific brand(s) and model(s) number(s) of the product(s) in which it is intended to be used. (vi) 7.7.4 For Rigid Sided Rectangular Products--the following statement shall appear exactly as stated in this paragraph (b)(22)(vi) (the blanks are to be filled in as appropriate). This mattress measures ____ long, ____ wide, and ____ thick when measured from seam to seam. (23) Add the following paragraphs as section 7.8 of ASTM F2933-21: (i) 7.8 Warning Design for Retail Packages. (ii) 7.8.1 The warnings and statements are not required on the retail package if they are on the mattress and are visible in their entirety through the retail package. Cartons and other materials used exclusively for shipping the mattress are not considered retail packaging. (iii) 7.8.2 Warning Statements--Each mattress' retail package shall have statements to address the following, at a minimum, and as specified in 7.4.1, 7.4.2, and 7.4.4-7.4.6. (iv) 7.8.2.1 For full-size crib mattresses, each mattress' retail package shall be labeled with the warnings and statements specified in 7.5 and 7.5.1. (v) 7.8.2.2 For non-full-size crib mattresses and after-market mattresses for play yards and non-full-size cribs, each mattress' retail package shall be labeled with the warnings and statements specified in 7.5, 7.5.2, 7.7.1-7.7.4, as applicable. (24) Add the following figures to section 7 of ASTM F2933-21: (i) Figure 8. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15FE22.012 (ii) Figure 9. [[Page 489]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15FE22.013 (iii) Figure 10. [[Page 490]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15FE22.014 (iv) Figure 11. [[Page 491]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15FE22.015 (25) Redesignate section 8 of ASTM F2933-21 as section 9. (26) Add a new section 8 of ASTM F2933-21: (i) 8. Instructional Literature. (ii) 8.1 Instructions shall be provided with the mattress and shall be easy to read and understand, and shall be in the English language, at a minimum. These instructions shall include information on assembly, maintenance, cleaning, and use, where applicable. (iii) 8.2 The instructions shall have statements to address the following, at a minimum. (iv) 8.2.1 All warnings included in section 7.5, as applicable. (v) 8.2.2 All additional markings and warnings included in section 7.7, as applicable. (vi) 8.3 The warnings in the instructions shall meet the requirements specified in 7.4.4, 7.4.5, and 7.4.6, except that sections 6.4 and 7.2-7.6.3 of ANSI Z535.4 [[Page 492]] need not be applied. However, the signal word and safety alert symbol shall contrast with the background of the signal word panel, and the cautions and warnings shall contrast with the background of the instructional literature. (vii) Note 7--For example, the signal word, safety alert symbol, and the warnings may be black letters on a white background, white letters on a black background, navy blue letters on an off-white background, or some other high-contrast combination. (viii) 8.4 Any instructions provided in addition to those required by this section shall not contradict or confuse the meaning of the required information, or be otherwise misleading to the consumer. (ix) Note 8--For additional guidance on the design of warnings for instructional literature, please refer to ANSI Z535.6, American National Standard: Product Safety Information in Product Manuals, Instructions, and Other Collateral Materials. [87 FR 8673, Feb. 15, 2022; 87 FR 41060, July 11, 2022] PART 1250_SAFETY STANDARD MANDATING ASTM F963 FOR TOYS--Table of Contents Sec. 1250.1 Scope. 1250.2 Requirements for toy safety. Authority: Pub. L. 110-314, sec. 106, 122 Stat. 3016 (August 14, 2008); Pub. L. 112-28, 125 Stat. 273 (August 12, 2011). Source: 82 FR 8993, Feb. 2, 2017, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1250.1 Scope. This part establishes a consumer product safety standard for toys that mandates provisions of ASTM F963. Sec. 1250.2 Requirements for toy safety. (a) Except as provided for in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, toys must comply with the provisions of ASTM F963-17, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety, approved May 1, 2017. The Director of the Federal Register approves the incorporation by reference listed in this section in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy of this ASTM standard from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959 USA; phone: 610-832-9585; http://www.astm.org/. You may inspect a copy at the Office of the Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone 301-504- 7923, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741- 6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/ code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. (b) Pursuant to section 106(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 section 4.2 and Annex 5 or any provision of ASTM F963 that restates or incorporates an existing mandatory standard or ban promulgated by the Commission or by statute or any provision that restates or incorporates a regulation promulgated by the Food and Drug Administration or any statute administered by the Food and Drug Administration are not part of the mandatory standard incorporated in paragraph (a) of this section. (c) Instead of complying with section 8.20.1.5(5) of ASTM F963-17, comply with the following: (1) Floor and tabletop toys that move, where the sound is caused as a result of the movement imparted on the toy (for example, a noise making mechanism attached to an axle of a toy vehicle) shall be tested using the method for push and pull toys. In addition to the C-weighted peak measurement maximum A-weighted sound pressure level, LAFmax, shall be made and compared to the requirements of 4.5.1.2. (2) [Reserved] [82 FR 8993, Feb. 2, 2017, as amended at 82 FR 57123, Dec. 4, 2017] PART 1251_TOYS: DETERMINATIONS REGARDING HEAVY ELEMENTS LIMITS FOR CERTAIN MATERIALS--Table of Contents Sec. 1251.1 The toy standard and testing requirements. 1251.2 Wood. [[Page 493]] Authority: Sec. 3, Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016; 15 U.S.C. 2063(d)(3)(B). Source: 80 FR 78656, Dec. 17, 2015, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1251.1 The toy standard and testing requirements. The Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (``CPSIA'') made provisions of ASTM F963, Consumer Product Safety Specifications for Toy Safety (``toy standard''), a mandatory consumer product safety standard. 15 U.S.C. 2056b. The toy standard requires that surface coating materials and accessible substrates of toys that can be sucked, mouthed, or ingested, must comply with solubility limits that the toy standard establishes for eight heavy elements. Materials used in toys subject to the heavy elements limits in the toy standard must comply with the third party testing requirements of section 14(a)(2) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (``CPSA''), unless listed in Sec. 1251.2. Sec. 1251.2 Wood. (a) Unfinished and untreated wood does not exceed the limits for the heavy elements established in the toy standard with a high degree of assurance as that term is defined in 16 CFR part 1107, provided that the material has been neither treated nor adulterated with materials that could result in the addition of any of the heavy elements listed in the toy standard at levels above their respective solubility limits. (b) For purposes of this section, unfinished and untreated wood means wood harvested from the trunks of trees with no added surface coatings (such as, varnish, paint, shellac, or polyurethane) and no materials added to the wood substrate (such as, stains, dyes, preservatives, antifungals, or insecticides). Unfinished and untreated wood does not include manufactured or engineered woods (such as pressed wood, plywood, particle board, or fiberboard). PART 1252_CHILDREN'S PRODUCTS, CHILDREN'S TOYS, AND CHILD CARE ARTICLES: DETERMINATIONS REGARDING LEAD, ASTM F963 ELEMENTS, AND PHTHALATES FOR ENGINEERED WOOD PRODUCTS--Table of Contents Sec. 1252.1 Children's products, children's toys, and child care articles containing lead, ASTM F963 elements, and phthalates in engineered wood products and testing requirements. 1252.2 Definitions. 1252.3 Determinations for engineered wood products. Authority: Sec. 3, Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016; 15 U.S.C. 2063(d)(3)(B). Source: 83 FR 28991, June 22, 2018, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1252.1 Children's products, children's toys, and child care articles containing lead, ASTM F963 elements, and phthalates in engineered wood products and testing requirements. (a) Section 101(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (CPSIA) provides that any children's product, material, or component part or a children's product must comply with a lead content limit that does not exceed 100 parts per million. Materials used in children's products subject to section 101 of the CPSIA must comply with the third party testing requirements of section 14(a)(2) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA), unless listed in 16 CFR 1500.91. (b) Section 106 of the CPSIA made provisions of ASTM F963, Consumer Product Safety Specifications for Toy Safety, a mandatory consumer product safety standard. Among the mandated provisions is section 4.3.5 of ASTM F963 which requires that surface coating materials and accessible substrates of children's toys that can be sucked, mouthed, or ingested, must comply with solubility limits that the toy standard establishes for eight elements. Materials used in children's toys subject to section 4.3.5 of the toy standard must comply with the third party testing requirements of section 14(a)(2) of the CPSA, unless listed in 16 CFR 1251.2. [[Page 494]] (c) Section 108(a) of the CPSIA permanently prohibits any children's toy or child care article that contains concentrations of more than 0.1 percent of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), or benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP). In accordance with section 108(b)(3) of the CPSIA, 16 CFR part 1307 prohibits any children's toy or child care article that contains concentrations of more than 0.1 percent of diisononyl phthalate (DINP), diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), di-n-pentyl phthalate (DPENP), di-n-hexyl phthalate (DHEXP), or dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP). Materials used in children's toys and child care articles subject to section 108(a) of the CPSIA and 16 CFR part 1307 must comply with the third party testing requirements of section 14(a)(2) of the CPSA, unless listed in 16 CFR 1308.2. Sec. 1252.2 Definitions. In addition to the definitions given in sections 101, 106, and 108 of the CPSIA, the following definitions apply for this part 1252. Post-consumer wood waste describes wood waste that is comprised of materials that are recovered from their original use and subsequently used in a new product. Examples of this type of waste include recycled demolition wood, packaging materials such as pallets and crates, used wood from landscape care (i.e., from urban and highway trees, hedges, and gardens), discarded furniture, and waste wood from industrial, construction, and commercial activities. Pre-consumer wood waste describes wood materials that have been recycled from an industrial process before being made available for consumer use. Examples of this type of waste include trimmings from engineered wood product (EWP) panel manufacturing, sawdust from cutting logs, or remaining wood pieces from sawing a log into framing lumber. Unfinished means an EWP that does not have any surface treatments applied at manufacture, such as factory-applied coatings. Examples of such treatments may include paint or similar surface coating materials, wood glue, or metal fasteners, such as nails or screws. Untreated means an EWP that does not have any additional finishes applied at manufacture. Examples of such finishes may include flame retardants or rot resistant finishes. Virgin wood describes wood logs, fibers, chips, or layers that have not been recycled from a previous use. Sec. 1252.3 Determinations for engineered wood products. (a) The following engineered wood products do not exceed the lead content limits with a high degree of assurance as that term is defined in 16 CFR part 1107: (1) Particleboard that is untreated and unfinished made from virgin wood or pre-consumer wood waste; (2) Hardwood plywood that is untreated and unfinished made from virgin wood or pre-consumer wood waste; and (3) Medium-density fiberboard that is untreated and unfinished made from virgin wood or pre-consumer wood waste. (b) The following engineered wood products do not exceed the ASTM F963 elements solubility limits set forth in 16 CFR part 1250 with a high degree of assurance as that term is defined in 16 CFR part 1107: (1) Particleboard that is untreated and unfinished made from virgin wood or pre-consumer wood waste; (2) Hardwood plywood that is untreated and unfinished made from virgin wood or pre-consumer wood waste; and (3) Medium-density fiberboard that is untreated and unfinished made from virgin wood or pre-consumer wood waste. (c) The following engineered wood products do not exceed the phthalates content limits with a high degree of assurance as that term is defined in 16 CFR part 1107: (1) Particleboard that is untreated and unfinished made from virgin wood or pre-consumer wood waste; (2) Hardwood plywood that is untreated and unfinished made from virgin wood or pre-consumer wood waste and does not contain polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) adhesive formulations; and (3) Medium-density fiberboard that is untreated and unfinished made from [[Page 495]] virgin wood or pre-consumer wood waste. (d) Accessible component parts of children's products, children's toys, and child care articles made with EWPs, listed in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section are not required to be third party tested pursuant to section 14(a)(2) of the CPSA and 16 CFR part 1107. (e) Accessible component parts of children's products, children's toys, and child care articles made with engineered wood products not listed in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section, or that contain post-consumer wood waste, are required to be third party tested pursuant to section 14(a)(2) of the CPSA and 16 CFR part 1107 and sections 101, 106, or 108 of the CPSIA, as applicable. PART 1253_CHILDREN'S TOYS AND CHILD CARE ARTICLES: DETERMINATIONS REGARDING THE ASTM F963 ELEMENTS AND PHTHALATES FOR UNFINISHED MANUFACTURED FIBERS--Table of Contents Sec. 1253.1 Children's toys and child care articles containing the ASTM F963 elements and phthalates in manufactured fibers and testing requirements. 1253.2 Determinations for unfinished manufactured fibers. Authority: Sec. 3, Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016; 15 U.S.C. 2063(d)(3)(B). Source: 85 FR 33020, June 1, 2020, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1253.1 Children's toys and child care articles containing the ASTM F963 elements and phthalates in manufactured fibers and testing requirements. (a) Section 106 of the CPSIA made most provisions of ASTM F963, Consumer Product Safety Specifications for Toy Safety, a mandatory consumer product safety standard. 16 CFR part 1250 codified these provisions by incorporating by reference ASTM F963, see 16 CFR1250.1. Among the mandated provisions is section 4.3.5 of ASTM F963, which requires that surface coating materials and accessible substrates of children's toys that can be sucked, mouthed, or ingested, must comply with solubility limits that the toy standard establishes for eight elements. Materials used in children's toys subject to section 4.3.5 of the toy standard must comply with the third party testing requirements of section 14(a)(2) of the CPSA, unless listed in Sec. 1253.2. (b) Section 108(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (CPSIA) permanently prohibits any children's toy or child care article that contains concentrations of more than 0.1 percent of di-(2- ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), or benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP). In accordance with section 108(b)(3) of the CPSIA, 16 CFR part 1307 prohibits any children's toy or child care article that contains concentrations of more than 0.1 percent of diisononyl phthalate (DINP), diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), di-n-pentyl phthalate (DPENP), di- n-hexyl phthalate (DHEXP), or dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP). Materials used in children's toys and child care articles subject to section 108(a) of the CPSIA and 16 CFR part 1307 must comply with the third party testing requirements of section 14(a)(2) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA), unless listed in Sec. 1253.2. Sec. 1253.2 Determinations for unfinished manufactured fibers. (a) The following definition for an unfinished manufactured fiber applies for this part 1253. An unfinished manufactured fiber is one that has no chemical additives beyond those required to manufacture the fiber. For unfinished manufactured fibers as defined in this rule, the unfinished manufactured fiber is free of any chemical additives added to impart color or some desirable performance property, such as flame retardancy. (b) The following unfinished manufactured fibers do not exceed the ASTM F963 elements solubility limits set forth in 16 CFR part 1250 with a high degree of assurance as that term is defined in 16 CFR part 1107: (1) Nylon; (2) Polyurethane (Spandex); (3) Viscose Rayon; (4) Acrylic and Modacrylic; and (5) Natural Rubber Latex. [[Page 496]] (c) The following unfinished manufactured fibers do not exceed the phthalates content limits set forth in 16 CFR part 1307 with a high degree of assurance as that term is defined in 16 CFR part 1107: (1) Polyester (polyethylene terephthalate, PET); (2) Nylon; (3) Polyurethane (Spandex); (4) Viscose Rayon; (5) Acrylic and Modacrylic; and (6) Natural Rubber Latex. (d) Accessible component parts of children's toys and child care articles made with the unfinished manufactured fibers, listed in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section are not required to be third- party tested pursuant to section 14(a)(2) of the CPSA and 16 CFR part 1107. (e) Accessible component parts of children's toys and child care articles made with manufactured fibers not listed in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section are required to be third party tested pursuant to section 14(a)(2) of the CPSA and 16 CFR part 1107. PART 1260_SAFETY STANDARD FOR OPERATING CORDS ON CUSTOM WINDOW COVERINGS (Eff. 5-30-23)--Table of Contents Sec. 1260.1 Scope and definitions. 1260.2 Requirements. 1260.3 Prohibited stockpiling. 1260.4 Findings. 1260.5 Standards incorporated by reference. 1260.6 Severability. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2056, 15 U.S.C. 2058, and 5 U.S.C. 553. Effective Date Note: At 87 FR 73189, Nov. 29, 2023, part 1260 was added, effective May 30, 2023. Source: 87 FR 73189, Nov. 28, 2022, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1260.1 Scope and definitions. (a) This part establishes a consumer product safety standard for operating cords on custom window coverings. The effective date of this part is May 30, 2023. (b) The consumer product safety standard in this part relies on the following definitions in section 3 of ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 1260.5): (1) Custom window covering (custom blinds, shades, and shadings) has the same meaning as defined in section 3, definition 5.01, of ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018, as any window covering that is not classified as a stock window covering. (2) Stock window covering (stock blinds, shades, and shadings) has the same meaning as defined in section 3, definition 5.02, of ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018, as a window covering that is completely or substantially fabricated prior to being distributed in commerce and is a specific stock-keeping unit (SKU). Even when the seller, manufacturer, or distributor modifies a pre-assembled product by adjusting to size, attaching the top rail or bottom rail, or tying cords to secure the bottom rail, the product is still considered stock. Online sales of the product or the size of the order such as multi-family housing do not make the product a non-stock product. These examples are provided in ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018 to clarify that as long as the product is ``substantially fabricated'' prior to distribution in commerce, subsequent changes to the product do not change its categorization. (3) Operating cord has the same meaning as defined in section 3, definition 2.19, of ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018, as the portion of the cord that the user manipulates directly during operation (including lifting, lowering, tilting, rotating, and traversing). (4) Cord shroud has the same meaning as defined in section 3, definition 2.09, of ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018, as a device or material added to limit the accessibility of a cord or formation of a hazardous loop. (5) Cord retraction device has the same meaning as defined in section 3, definition 2.08, of ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018, as a passive device which winds and gathers cords when tension is no longer applied by the user. (6) Rigid cord shroud is a cord shroud that is constructed of inflexible material, rendering the cord inaccessible as defined in Appendix C of ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018, to prevent a child from accessing a window covering cord. [[Page 497]] (7) Retractable cord is a cord that extends when pulled by a user, and fully retracts when the user releases the cord, rendering the cord inaccessible as defined in Appendix C of ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018. (8) Loop cord and bead chain restraining device is a device, integrated to and installed on the window covering, that prevents the creation of hazardous loop from an accessible continuous operating cord. (9) Operating interface is the part of the window covering that the user physically touches or grasps by hand or a tool to operate the window covering, for example a wand to tilt the slats of the product or the bottom rail to raise or lower the product. Sec. 1260.2 Requirements. (a) Requirements for operating cords. Each custom window covering shall comply with section 4.3.1 or 4.3.2.5.2, instead of section 4.3.2, of ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 1260.5). (b) Requirements for rigid cord shrouds. If a custom window covering complies with paragraph (a) of this section by using a rigid cord shroud to make an operating cord inaccessible, the rigid cord shroud shall meet the requirements in section 6.3, of ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018 and shall not have an accessible cord when tested for cord accessibility using the test methods defined in paragraphs (b)(1) and (2) of this section. (1) Test methods for rigid cord shrouds: Center load test. (i) Support each end of the rigid cord shroud, but do not restrict the rotation along the axial direction. Supports must be within 0.25 inches from the ends of the shroud as shown in figure 1 to this paragraph (b)(1)(i). Figure 1 to Paragraph (b)(1)(i)--Rigid Cord Shroud Test Set-Up [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR28NO22.018 (ii) Apply a 5-pound force at the center of the rigid cord shroud for at least 5 seconds as shown in figure 2 to this paragraph (b)(1)(ii). Figure 2 to Paragraph (b)(1)(ii)--Rigid Cord Shroud Center Load Test and Deflection Measurement [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR28NO22.019 (iii) Measure the maximum deflection of the shroud, while the 5- pound force is applied. (iv) For rigid cord shrouds that are <=19 inches, the deflection shall not exceed 1 inch. For every additional 19 inches in shroud length, the shroud can deflect an additional inch. See figure 2 to paragraph (b)(1)(ii) of this section. (v) While continuing to apply the 5-pound force, determine if the cord(s) [[Page 498]] can be contacted by the cord shroud accessibility test probe shown in figure 3 to this paragraph (b)(1)(v). If the cord shroud accessibility test probe can touch any cord, the cord(s) are considered accessible. Figure 3 to Paragraph (b)(1)(v)--Cord Shroud Accessibility Test Probe [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR28NO22.020 (2) Test methods for rigid cord shrouds: Axial torque test. (i) Mount one end of the rigid cord shroud and restrict the rotation along the axial direction. (ii) Apply a 4.4 in-lb. (0.5Nm) torque along the other end of the rigid cord shroud for 5 seconds. (iii) While continuing to apply the torque, determine if the cord(s) can be contacted by the cord shroud accessibility test probe shown in figure 3 to paragraph (b)(1)(v) of this section. If the cord shroud accessibility test probe can touch any cord, the cord(s) are considered accessible. (c) Requirements for cord retraction devices. If a custom window covering complies with paragraph (a) of this section using a cord retraction device, the cord retraction device shall meet the requirements in paragraphs (c)(1) through (4) of this section. (1) When a 30 grams mass is applied to the operating interface, the cord retraction device shall maintain full retraction of the retractable cord such that the retractable cord is not accessible per Appendix C of ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018. (2) The maximum stroke length for a cord retraction device is 12 inches measured from the bottom of the headrail. (3) The operating interface for cord retraction devices may not be a cord of any length including a short static or access cord. It may be a ring and pole, a wand or any other design that cannot bend on itself, eliminating the potential of creating a hazardous loop. (4) The cord retraction device shall have a service life of at least 5,000 cycles after exposed portions or components have been subjected to 500 hours of ultraviolet (UV) exposure per American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC) Test Method 16-2004, Option 3 of ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018. (d) Requirements for loop cord and bead chain restraining devices. If a custom window covering complies with paragraph (a) of this section using a loop cord and bead chain restraining device, the loop cord and bead chain restraining device shall meet the requirements in section 6.5, of ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018 with an additional test as defined in paragraph (d)(l) of this section, and shall not form a hazardous loop when tested for a hazardous loop using the test methods defined in paragraphs (d)(2) and (3) of this section. (1) Test methods for loop cord and bead chain restraining device: UV stability and operational cycle test. One sample loop cord and bead chain restraining device shall be tested to section 6.5.2.2, UV Stability, of ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018, followed by section 6.5.2.1, Operational Cycle Test, of ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018. (2) Test methods for loop cord and bead chain restraining device: Center load test. (i) Support each end of the loop cord and bead chain restraining device, but [[Page 499]] do not restrict the rotation along the axial direction. Supports must be within 0.25 inches from the ends of the shroud as shown in figure 4 to this paragraph (d)(2)(i). Figure 4 to Paragraph (d)(2)(i)--Cord and Bead Chain Restraining Device Test Set-Up [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR28NO22.021 (ii) Apply a 5-pound force at the center of the cord and bead chain restraining device for at least 5 seconds as shown in figure 5 to this paragraph (d)(2)(ii). Figure 5 to Paragraph (d)(2)(ii)--Loop Cord and Bead Chain Restraining Device Center Load Test and Deflection Measurement [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR28NO22.022 (iii) Measure the maximum deflection of the cord and bead chain restraining device, while the 5-pound force is applied. (iv) For cord and bead chain restraining device that are <=19 inches, the deflection shall not exceed 1 inch. For every additional 19 inches in shroud length, the shroud can deflect an additional inch. See figure 5 to paragraph (d)(2)(ii) of this section. (v) While continuing to apply the 5-pound force, determine if the cord(s) create an opening between the cord and the restraining device. If the hazardous loop head probe (Figure D1 of ANSI/WCMA A1001-2018) can pass through the opening, the opening is considered a hazardous loop. (3) Test methods for cord and bead chain restraining devices: Axial torque test. (i) Mount one end of the cord and bead chain restraining device and restrict the rotation along the axial direction. (ii) Apply a 4.4 in-lb. (0.5 Nm) torque along the other end of the cord and bead chain restraining device for 5 seconds. While continuing to apply the torque, determine if the cord(s) if the cord(s) create an opening between the cord and the restraining device. If the hazardous loop head probe (Figure D1 of ANSI/WCMA A1001--2018) can pass through the opening, the opening is considered a hazardous loop. Sec. 1260.3 Prohibited stockpiling. (a) Prohibited acts. Manufacturers and importers of custom window coverings shall not manufacture or import custom window coverings that do not comply with the requirements of this part in any 180-day period between November 28, 2022, and May 30, 2023, at a rate that is greater than 120 percent of the rate at which they manufactured or imported custom window coverings during the base period for the manufacturer. (b) Base period. The base period for custom window coverings is any period of 180 consecutive dates, chosen by the manufacturer or importer, in the 5- [[Page 500]] year period immediately preceding November 28, 2022. Sec. 1260.4 Findings. (a) General. Section 9(f) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2058(f)) requires the Commission to make findings concerning the following topics and to include the findings in the rule. Note 1 to paragraph (a): Because the findings are required to be published in the rule, they reflect the information that was available to the Consumer Product Safety Commission (Commission, CPSC) when the standard was issued on November 28, 2022. (b) Degree and nature of the risk of injury. (1) Operating cords on custom window coverings present an unreasonable risk of strangulation, including death and serious injury, to children 8 years old and younger. If children can access a window covering cord that is longer than 8 inches, children can wrap the cord around their neck, or insert their head into a loop formed by the cord and strangle. Strangulation can lead to serious injuries with permanent debilitating outcomes or death. (2) Strangulation deaths and injuries on window covering cords are a ``hidden hazard'' because consumers do not understand or appreciate the hazard, or how quickly and silently strangulation occurs. Because young children may be left unsupervised for a few minutes or more in a room that is considered safe, such as a bedroom or family room, adult supervision is unlikely to eliminate or reduce the hazard. Children can wrap the cord around their neck, insert their head into a cord loop and get injured or die silently in a few minutes in any room, with or without supervision. (3) Safety devices such as cord cleats and tension devices are unlikely to be effective to eliminate or substantially reduce the hazard. Cord cleats, for example, need to be attached on the wall and caregivers must wrap the cord around the cleat each and every time the window covering is raised or lowered. As incident data show, children can still access and become entangled in cords by climbing on furniture. Tension devices also need to be attached on the wall or windowsill, which may not occur (and may not be permitted in rental homes); even if properly installed, depending on how taut the cord loop is, it can still allow a child's head to enter the opening as observed in the incident data. (4) A user research study found a lack of awareness on cord entanglement among caregivers; lack of awareness of the speed and mechanism of the injury; difficulty using and installing safety devices as primary reasons for not using them; and inability to recognize the purpose of the safety devices provided with window coverings. Warning labels are not likely to be effective because consumers are less likely to look for and read safety information about the products that they use frequently and are familiar with. Many of the children at risk of strangulation, those 8 years old and younger, cannot read or appreciate warning labels. Most of the window covering units involved in strangulation incidents had the permanent warning label on the product. Even well-designed warning labels will have limited effectiveness in communicating the hazard on this type of product. (5) Every custom product sold with an accessible operating cord presents a hidden hazard to young children and can remain a hazard in the household for one to two decades or longer. Some consumers may believe that because they do not currently have young children living with them or visiting them, accessible operating cords on window coverings are not a safety hazard. However, window coverings last a long time, family circumstances change, and when homes are sold or new renters move in, the existing window coverings, if they are functional, usually remain installed and could be hazardous to new occupants with young children. (6) Window coverings that comply with the operating cord requirements for stock window covering requirements in section 4.3.1 of ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018 (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 1260.5) adequately address the strangulation hazard, by not allowing hazardous cords on the product by design, and therefore do not rely on consumer action. CPSC finds that all of the operating cord incidents it identified as involving custom window coverings likely would have been prevented if the requirements in section [[Page 501]] 4.3.1 of ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018 were in effect and covered the incident products. (7) CPSC databases contain incident data showing a total of 209 reported fatal and nonfatal strangulations on window coverings among children eight years and younger, from January 2009 through December 2021. Nearly 48 percent of the reported incidents were fatal (100 of 209). Sixteen of the surviving victims required hospitalization, and six survived a hypoxic-ischemic episode or were pulseless and in full cardiac arrest when found, suffered severe neurological sequalae ranging from loss of memory to a long-term or permanent vegetative state requiring tracheotomy and gastrointestinal tube feeding. One victim remained hospitalized for 72 days, was released with 75 percent permanent brain damage, and is confined to a bed. (8) Based on CPSC's Injury Cost Model, approximately 7.6 medically treated nonfatal injuries to children 8 years and younger occurred annually in the United States from 2009 through 2021. Based on National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) data and a separate study of child strangulations, a minimum of approximately 6.8 fatal strangulations related to window covering operating cords (excluding inner cords and lifting loops) occurred per year in the United States among children under eight years old from 2009-2020. (c) Number of consumer products subject to the rule. Approximately 145 million corded custom window coverings were in use in the United States in 2020. About 25 million custom window coverings were shipped in the U.S. in 2020, and about 15.9 million of these were corded custom window coverings. (d) The public need for custom window coverings and the effects of the rule on their utility, cost, and availability. (1) Consumers commonly use window coverings in their homes to control light coming in through windows, for privacy, and for decoration. The window covering market is divided into stock and custom products. The final rule addresses hazards associated with custom window coverings, which present the same risk of strangulation as stock window coverings, but custom window coverings allow consumers to choose from a wider variety of materials, colors, operating systems, or sizes, than stock products. (2) The Commission does not expect the final rule to have a substantial effect on the utility or availability of custom window coverings, and the impact on cost depends on the product type. The Commission considered whether some consumers, such as the elderly and disabled, or those with windows in hard-to-reach locations, would experience a loss of utility from the removal of accessible operating cords from custom window coverings. The final rule mitigates any potential loss in utility by including several methods to make operating cords safer while still providing ease of use, including rigid cord shrouds, retractable cords, and loop cord and bead restraining devices, to assist consumers to raise and lower custom window coverings. Additionally, consumers can choose to use a remote-controlled operating system, or other tools, such as a pole, to operate the window covering. (3) Retail prices of custom window coverings vary substantially. The least expensive units for an average size window retail for less than $40, while some more expensive units may retail for several thousand dollars. Custom window covering prices may increase to reflect the added cost of modifying or redesigning products to comply with the final rule. If the costs associated with redesigning or modifying a custom window covering to comply with the standard results in the manufacturer discontinuing that model, there would be some loss in availability of that type. (4) Although prices of stock window coverings have increased since ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018 went into effect in 2018, sales of stock products remain consistent. For custom products, which have higher prices on average, consumers very well may be willing to pay more for a safer window covering without affecting sales, similar to stock window coverings. The regulatory analysis in the final rule states that the estimated net cost increase per household to replace all custom window products in a home to be as low as $24 for less expensive products, representing only a 5% increase in cost. [[Page 502]] Such cost increase is nominal to prevent the hidden strangulation hazard to children on window coverings for the 10 years custom window coverings are likely to be used. (e) Other means to achieve the objective of the rule, while minimizing adverse effects on competition and manufacturing. (1) The Commission considered alternatives to achieving the rule's objective of reducing the unreasonable risks to children of injury and death associated with operating cords on custom window coverings. For example, the Commission considered relying on compliance with the voluntary standard and education campaigns rather than issuing a mandatory rule for operating cords on custom window coverings. This is the approach CPSC has relied on to date, and it would have minimal costs; however, it is unlikely to further reduce the risk of injury from operating cords on custom window coverings. (2) Similarly, the Commission considered narrowing the scope of the rule to address only the hazards associated with operating cords on custom vertical blinds, curtains, and drapes, because cords are not critical to the operation of these products. Narrowing the rule to these three product types would lessen the cost impact and make it unlikely that any particular product type and/or size would be eliminated, and costs would be near $0 because using plastic rods for operation is very similar to cords in cost. However, only 3 of the 36 custom product incidents (all are fatalities) were associated with vertical blinds, and there were no curtain or drape incidents where the stock/custom classification could be determined. This option would not result in an effective reduction in injuries and deaths. (3) Other alternatives the Commission considered include: adopting the Canadian standard for window covering cords, which would increase the costs to comply with the rule with no additional benefits, and adopting a draft revised version of the voluntary standard, which the Commission staff has determined is inadequate to address the risk of injury because the revised standard would still allow accessible cords to remain available for sale to consumers. (4) The Commission also considered setting a later effective date. Based on the record before the Commission, including the severity of the strangulation hazard to children, the advanced state of compliance with similar requirements for stock window coverings in the United States and for stock and custom window coverings in Canada, and the long pendency of this proceeding, the final rule provides an effective date that is 180 days after publication of the final rule, as proposed. (f) Unreasonable risk. (1) Based on CPSC's Injury Cost Model, about 185 medically treated nonfatal injuries are predicted to have occurred annually from 2009 through 2020, involving children eight years and younger. Based on a review of National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS data) and a separate study of child strangulations, a minimum of 8.1 fatal strangulations related to window covering cords occurred per year in the United States among children under five years old from 2009- 2020. Based on reviews of CPSC databases, we found reports of a total of 209 reported fatal and nonfatal strangulations on window coverings among children eight years and younger, from January 2009 through December 2021. Nearly 48 percent were fatal incident reports (100 of 209), while the remaining were near-miss nonfatal incidents. (2) The Commission estimates that the rule would result in aggregate benefits of about $31.6 million annually due to a reduction in deaths and injuries caused by custom window coverings. Of the potential modifications for which staff was able to estimate the potential cost, the lowest costs were about $2.18 per unit, although costs for some units are likely $0. Effective performance requirements for operating cords on window coverings are well known and already utilized for lower- priced stock window coverings. Technologies to address hazardous window covering cords are also known and utilized on stock products. (3) The determination of whether a consumer product safety rule is reasonably necessary to reduce an unreasonable risk of injury involves balancing [[Page 503]] the degree and nature of the risk of injury addressed by the rule against the probable effect of the rule on the utility, cost, or availability of the product. The Commission does not expect the final rule to have a substantial effect on the utility or availability of custom window coverings. The rule may impact the cost of custom window coverings, but consumers already pay more for custom window coverings, and are likely willing to pay more for safer products. (4) ANSI/WCMA-2018 eliminated the strangulation hazard on stock window coverings, which did not negatively impact sales of stock products; sales increased and cordless technologies became well- developed. The final rule will extend the requirements for stock products to custom window coverings. The Commission expects that the custom window covering market will absorb this cost, just as seen in the stock window covering market. This fact is also observed in the Canadian window covering market after Canada implemented a rule that eliminates hazardous cords on all window covering products. Staff identified no evidence from the Canadian market of a significant reduction in consumer choice as a result of their rule. Rather, the Canadian market has reacted with cost-effective substitutes and redesigned products. (5) Weighing the possibility of increased costs for custom window coverings with the continuing deaths and injuries to young children, the Commission concludes that custom window coverings with hazardous operating cords pose an unreasonable risk of injury and death and finds that the final rule is reasonably necessary to reduce that unreasonable risk of injury and death. (6) The Commission also finds that an effective date of 180 days after publication is reasonably necessary to address the unreasonable risk of strangulation from operating cords on custom window coverings. Section 9(g)(1) of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2058(g)(1)) sets a presumptive maximum effective date of 180 days after publication of the rule. To extend this period, the Commission must find good cause that doing so is within the public interest. When balancing the risk of severe harm and death to young children over the entire service life of noncompliant window coverings, against the possibility that some styles of custom window coverings may be less available during a transition period and stock products or other custom styles might need to be used instead, the Commission finds that the public interest is better served by protecting the safety of children and families. (g) Public interest. The final rule is intended to address an unreasonable risk of injury and death posed by hazardous operating cords on custom window coverings. Adherence to the requirements of the final rule will significantly reduce or eliminate a hidden hazard, strangulation deaths and injuries to children 8 years old and younger, without major disruption to industry or consumers; thus, the Commission finds that promulgation of the rule is in the public interest. (h) Voluntary standards. The Commission is aware of one national voluntary standard, ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018, as well as European, Australian, and Canadian standards. Among these, the Commission considers the Canadian standard to be the most stringent because it applies to all window coverings. ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018 contains adequate performance requirements to address the risk of strangulation on inner cords for both stock and custom window coverings and contains adequate requirements to address the risk of injury on operating cords for stock products. The Commission also finds that custom window coverings substantially comply with the voluntary standard. However, the Commission finds that operating cord requirements for custom window coverings in ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018 are inadequate to address the risk of injury, because the voluntary standard allows accessible and hazardous operating cords to be present on custom products. Thus, the Commission finds that compliance with an existing voluntary standard is not likely to result in the elimination or adequate reduction of the risk of injury presented by custom window coverings. (i) Relationship of benefits to costs. (1) The aggregate benefits of the rule are [[Page 504]] conservatively estimated to be about $23 million annually with the base value of statistical life (VSL); and the lowest cost of the rule is estimated to be about $54.4 million annually. Recent studies suggest that the VSL for children could be higher than that for adults. In other words, consumers might be willing to pay more to reduce the risk of premature death of children than to reduce the risk of premature death of adults. A review of the literature conducted for the CPSC suggested that the VSL for children could exceed that of adults by a factor of 1.2 to 3, with a midpoint of around 2 (Industrial Economics, Incorporated (IEc), 2018). ``Memorandum to CPSC: Valuing Reductions in Fatal Risks to Children.'' Cambridge, MA (available at: https://www.cpsc.gov/s3fs- public/VSL_Children_ Report_FINAL_20180103.pdf). The Commission received positive comment on increasing the VSL for children by a factor of 3. Staff provided a sensitivity analysis for the final rule demonstrating how the ratio of costs and benefits change based on several variables, including a higher VSL for children. When staff increased the VSL by a factor of 3 for children (value of $31.5 million), the benefits of the rule exceed costs by approximately $14.3 million. (2) Staff's benefits and costs analysis also highlights unquantified benefits regarding the emotional distress of caregivers that could also be reduced by the final rule. This benefit is not directly accounted for in the primary VSL estimate of $10.5 million. The value of the shock or perceived guilt related to a caregiver's inattentiveness could be significant, as it could result in large reductions to physical wellbeing or income loss. (3) To determine how the final rule impacts consumers, staff converted costs and benefits of the rule into a calculated net cost per household, based on the data point that the average detached, single- family household has 12 window coverings. This analysis translates into a net cost of the final rule of $1.97 for metal or vinyl horizontal blinds. Using the assumption of 12 window coverings per household, this equates to a net cost of the rule (above the benefits provided) of $23.67 per household every time a household updates their custom window coverings, about once every 10 years. For metal or vinyl horizontal blinds, $23.67 is slightly more than 5 percent of the total cost of $448.32 that a household would spend to update their window coverings. (4) We note that economies of scale associated with the voluntary standard for stock product operating cords, and the Canadian standard, may have reduced costs associated with cordless components since Commission staff developed the bases for their cost estimates as early as 2016. Additionally, custom window coverings have a longer product life, which increases the benefit of improving safety beyond the levels Commission staff determined for both stock and customer window coverings. (5) Based on this analysis, the Commission finds that the benefits expected from the rule bear a reasonable relationship to the anticipated costs of the rule. (j) Least burdensome requirement that would adequately reduce the risk of injury. (1) The Commission considered less-burdensome alternatives to the final rule, detailed in paragraph (e) of this section, but finds that none of these alternatives would adequately reduce the risk of injury. (2) The Commission considered relying on voluntary recalls, compliance with the voluntary standard, and education campaigns, rather than issuing a mandatory standard. These alternatives would have minimal costs but would be unlikely to reduce the risk of injury from custom window coverings that contain hazardous cords. (3) The Commission considered issuing a standard that applies only to certain types of window coverings such as vertical blinds. This would impose lower costs on manufacturers but is unlikely to adequately reduce the risk of injury because it would only address incidents associated with those types. Based on the custom product incident data, only 8.3 percent of the incidents involved vertical blinds and 22.2 percent involved faux wood/wood blinds. The Commission considered adopting the Canadian standard for window covering cords, which would increase the [[Page 505]] costs to comply with the rule with no additional benefits and/or providing a longer effective date. And the Commission considered adopting a 2022 draft revision of the voluntary standard but finds the requirements in the standard inadequate to address the risk of injury. Sec. 1260.5 Standards incorporated by reference. (a) Certain material is incorporated by reference into this part with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. All approved material is available for inspection at the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) and at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). Contact CPSC at: Office of the Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone (301) 504-7479, email: [email protected]. For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. The material may be obtained from the source(s) listed in the following paragraphs of this section. (b) Window Covering Manufacturers Association, Inc., 355 Lexington Avenue, New York, New York 10017, telephone: 212.297.2122, https:// wcmanet.com. (1) ANSI/WCMA A100.1--2018, American National Standard for Safety of Corded Window Covering Products, approved January 8, 2018; IBR approved for Sec. Sec. 1260.1, 1260.2, and 1260.4. (i) Read-only copy. https://www.wcmanet.com/pdf/WCMA-A100.1- 2018_view-only_v2.pdf. (ii) Purchase. https://webstore.ansi.org/Standards/WCMA/ ANSIWCMAA1002018. (2) [Reserved] Sec. 1260.6 Severability. The provisions of this part are separate and severable from one another. If any provision is stayed or determined to be invalid, it is the Commission's intention that the remaining provisions shall continue in effect. PART 1261_SAFETY STANDARD FOR CLOTHING STORAGE UNITS (Eff. 5-24-23)-- Table of Contents Sec. 1261.1 Scope, purpose, application, and exemptions. 1261.2 Definitions. 1261.3 Requirements for interlocks. 1261.4 Requirements for stability. 1261.5 Requirements for marking and labeling. 1261.6 Requirements to provide performance and technical data by labeling. 1261.7 Prohibited stockpiling. 1261.8 Findings. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2051(b), 2056, 2058, 2063(c), 2076(e). Effective Date Note: At 87 FR 72659, Nov. 25, 2023, part 1261 was added, effective May 24, 2023. Source: 87 FR 72659, Nov. 25, 2023, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1261.1 Scope, purpose, application, and exemptions. (a) Scope and purpose. This part, a consumer product safety standard, prescribes the safety requirements, including labeling and hang tag requirements, for clothing storage units, as defined in Sec. 1261.2(a). The requirements in this part are intended to reduce or eliminate an unreasonable risk of death or injury to consumers from clothing storage unit tip overs. (b) Application. Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, all clothing storage units that are manufactured after May 24, 2023, are subject to the requirements of this part. (c) Exemptions. The following products are exempt from this part: (1) Clothes lockers, as defined in Sec. 1261.2(b); and (2) Portable storage closets, as defined in Sec. 1261.2(t). Sec. 1261.2 Definitions. In addition to the definitions given in section 3 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2052), the following definitions apply for purposes of this part: (a) Clothing storage unit means a consumer product that is a freestanding furniture item, with drawer(s) and/or door(s), that may be reasonably expected to be used for storing clothing, [[Page 506]] that is designed to be configured to greater than or equal to 27 inches in height, has a mass greater than or equal to 57 pounds with all extendable elements filled with at least 8.5 pounds/cubic foot times their functional volume (cubic feet), has a total functional volume of the closed storage greater than 1.3 cubic feet, and has a total functional volume of the closed storage greater than the sum of the total functional volume of the open storage and the total volume of the open space. Common names for clothing storage units include, but are not limited to: chests, bureaus, dressers, armoires, wardrobes, chests of drawers, drawer chests, chifforobes, and door chests. Whether a product is a clothing storage unit depends on whether it meets this definition. Some products that, depending on their design, may not meet the criteria in this definition and, therefore, may not be considered clothing storage units are: shelving units, office furniture, dining room furniture, laundry hampers, built-in closets, and single-compartment closed rigid boxes (storage chests). (b) Clothes locker means a predominantly metal furniture item without exterior drawers and with one or more doors that either locks or accommodates an external lock. (c) Closed storage means storage space inside a drawer and/or behind an opaque door. For this part, both sliding and hinged doors are considered in the definition of closed storage. (d) Door means a hinged furniture component that can be opened or closed, typically outward or downward, to form a barrier; or a sliding furniture component that can be opened or closed by sliding across the face or case of the furniture item. This does not include vertically opening hinged lids. (e) Door extension from fulcrum distance means the horizontal distance measured from the farthest point of a hinged door that opens outward or downward, while the door is in the least stable configuration (typically 90 degrees), to the fulcrum, while the clothing storage unit is on a hard, level, and flat test surface. See figure 1 to this paragraph (e). Sliding doors that remain within the clothing storage unit case are not considered to have a door extension. Figure 1 to paragraph (e)--(Top View) The door extension from fulcrum distance, illustrated by the letter Y. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25NO22.010 (f) Drawer means a furniture component intended to contain or store items that slides horizontally in and out of the furniture case and may be attached to the case by some means, such as [[Page 507]] glides. Only components that are retained in the case when extended up to \2/3\ the shortest internal length, when empty, are included in this definition. (g) Extendable element means a drawer or pull-out shelf. (h) Extendable element extension from fulcrum distance means the horizontal distance measured from the centerline of the front face of the drawer or the outermost surface of the pull-out shelf to the fulcrum, when the extendable element is at the maximum extension and the clothing storage unit is on a hard, level, and flat test surface. For a curved or angled surface this measurement is taken where the distance is at its greatest. See figure 2 to this paragraph (h). Figure 2 to paragraph (h)--The extendable element extension from fulcrum distance, illustrated by the letter X. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25NO22.011 (i) Freestanding means that the unit remains upright, without needing attachment to the wall or other upright rigid structure, when it is fully assembled and empty, with all extendable elements and doors closed. Built-in units are not considered freestanding. (j) Functional volume of an extendable element means the interior bottom surface area multiplied by the effective extendable element height, which is distance from the bottom surface of the extendable element to the top of the extendable element compartment minus \1/8\ inches (see figure 3 to this paragraph (j)). Functional volume behind a door means the interior bottom surface area behind the door, when the door is closed, multiplied by the height of the storage compartment (see figure 4 to this paragraph (j)). Functional volume of open storage means the interior bottom surface area multiplied by the effective open storage height, which is distance from the bottom surface of the open storage to the top of the open storage compartment minus \1/8\ inches. Figure 3 to paragraph (j)--Functional volume of extendable element. [[Page 508]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25NO22.012 Figure 4 to paragraph (j)--Functional volume behind a door. [[Page 509]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25NO22.013 (k) Fulcrum means the point or line at the base of the clothing storage unit about which the clothing storage unit pivots when a tip- over force is applied (typically the front feet). The fulcrum position is determined while the clothing storage unit is on a hard, level, and flat test surface with all doors and extendable elements closed. (l) Hard, level, and flat test surface means a test surface that is: (1) Sufficiently hard to not bend or break under the weight of a clothing storage unit and any loads associated with testing the unit; (2) Level with no more than 0.5 degrees of variation; and (3) Smooth and even. (m) Interlock means a device(s) that restricts simultaneous opening of extendable elements or doors. (n) Levelling device means an adjustable device intended to adjust the level of the clothing storage unit. (o) Maximum extension means a condition when an extendable element is open to the furthest manufacturer recommended use position, as indicated by way of a stop. In the case of slides with multiple intermediate stops, this is the stop that allows the extendable element to extend the furthest. In the case of slides with a multipart stop, such as a stop that extends the extendable element to the furthest manufacturer recommended use position with an additional stop that retains the extendable element in the case, this is the stop that extends the extendable element to the manufacturer recommended use position. If the manufacturer does not provide a recommended use position by way of a stop, this is \2/3\ the shortest internal length of the drawer measured from the inside face of the drawer front to the inside face of the drawer back or \2/3\ the shortest internal length of the pull-out shelf. See figure 5 to this paragraph (o). Figure 5 to paragraph (o)--Example of maximum extension on extendable elements with stops and without stops. [[Page 510]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25NO22.014 (p) Maximum handhold height means the highest position at which a child may grab hold of the clothing storage unit, measured while the clothing storage unit is on a hard, level, and flat surface. For units shorter than 4.12 feet, this is the top of the clothing storage unit. For units 4.12 feet or taller, this is 4.12 feet. See figure 6 to this paragraph (p). Figure 6 to paragraph (p)--The maximum handhold height, illustrated by the letter Z for a unit shorter than 4.12 feet (left) and for a unit 4.12 feet or taller (right). [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25NO22.015 (q) Moment means a moment of a force, which is a measure of the tendency to cause a body to rotate about a specific point or axis. It is measured in pound-feet, representing a force multiplied by a lever arm, or distance from the force to the point of rotation. (r) Open storage means space within the frame of the furniture that is open (i.e., is not in a drawer or behind an opaque door) and that reasonably can [[Page 511]] be used for storage (e.g., has a flat bottom surface). For example, open shelf space that is not behind a door, display space behind a non-opaque door, and framed open clothing hanging space are considered open storage. (s) Open space means space within the frame of the furniture, but without a bottom surface. For example, open space between legs, such as with a console table, or between separated storage components, such as with a vanity or a desk, are considered open space. This definition does not include space inside the furniture case (e.g., space between a drawer and the case) or any other space that is not visible to a consumer standing in front of the unit (e.g., space behind a base panel). (t) Portable storage closet means a freestanding furniture item with an open frame that encloses hanging clothing storage space and/or shelves. This item may have a cloth case with curtain(s), flap(s), or door(s) that obscure the contents from view. (u) Pull-out shelf means a furniture component with a horizontal flat surface that slides horizontally in and out of the furniture case and may be attached to the case by some means, such as glides. (v) Test block means a block constructed of a rigid material, such as steel or aluminum, with the following dimensions: at least 0.43 inch thick, at least 1 inch deep, at least 1 inch wide. See figure 7 to this paragraph (v). Figure 7 to paragraph (v)--Test block. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25NO22.016 (w) Tip over means an event at which a clothing storage unit pivots forward to the point at which the clothing storage unit will continue to fall and/or be supported by a non-support element. (x) Tip-over force means the force required to cause tip over of the clothing storage unit. (y) Tip-over moment means the minimum moment in pound-feet about the fulcrum that causes tip over. Sec. 1261.3 Requirements for interlocks. (a) General. For all clothing storage units with interlocks, including consumer-assembled units, the interlock components must be pre-installed, and automatically engage when the consumer installs the interlocked extendable element(s) or door(s) in the unit. All interlocks must engage automatically as part of normal use. (b) Interlock pull test. (1) If the unit is not fully assembled, assemble the unit according to the manufacturer's instructions. (2) Place the unit on a hard, level, and flat test surface. (3) If the unit has one or more levelling devices, adjust the levelling device(s) to the lowest level; then adjust the levelling device(s) in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. (4) Secure the unit, without interfering with the interlock function, to prevent sliding or tip over. [[Page 512]] (5) Open any non-interlocked doors that are in front of the interlocked extendable elements. (6) Engage the interlock by opening to the maximum extension the number of extendable elements or doors necessary to engage the interlock. (7) Gradually apply over a period of at least 5 seconds a 30-pound horizontal pull force on each interlocked extendable element or door at the center of the pull area(s), one element at a time, and hold the force for at least 10 seconds. (8) Repeat this test until all possible combinations of extendable elements and doors have been tested. (c) Performance requirement. The interlock will be disabled or bypassed for the stability testing in Sec. 1261.4(c) if, as a result of the testing specified in paragraph (b) of this section: (1) Any interlocked extendable element or door extends during the test without retracting the originally open extendable element or door; or (2) Any interlock or interlocked extendable element or door is damaged or does not function as intended after the test. Sec. 1261.4 Requirements for stability. (a) General. Clothing storage units shall be configured as described in paragraph (b) of this section, and tested in accordance with the procedure in paragraph (c) of this section. Clothing storage units shall meet the requirement for tip-over stability based on the tip-over moment as specified in paragraph (d) of this section. (b) Test configuration. The clothing storage unit used for tip-over testing shall be configured in the following manner: (1) If the unit is not fully assembled, assemble the unit according to the manufacturer's instructions. Units shall not be attached to the wall or any upright structure for testing. (2) Place the unit on a hard, level, and flat test surface in the orientation most likely to cause tip over. If necessary, secure the unit from sliding without preventing tip over. (3) If the clothing storage unit has one or more levelling devices, adjust the levelling device(s) to the lowest level; then adjust the levelling device(s) in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. (4) Record the maximum handhold height, the longest extendable element extension from fulcrum distance, and the longest door extension from fulcrum distance, as applicable. These measurements are used in paragraph (d) of this section. (5) Tilt the clothing storage unit forward by placing the test block(s) under the unit's most rear floor support(s) such that either the entire floor support contact area is over the test block(s) or the back edge of the test block(s) is aligned with the back edge of the rear floor supports. (6) Disable or bypass any interlock(s) in accordance with Sec. 1261.3(c). (7) Open all hinged doors that open outward or downward that are not locked by an interlock to the least stable configuration (typically 90 degrees). (8) Open all extendable elements that are not locked by an interlock to the maximum extension, in the configuration most likely to cause tip over (typically the configuration with the largest drawers in the highest position open). Then place fill weights according to the following criteria: (i) If 50 percent or more of the extendable elements by functional volume are open, place a fill weight in the center of the bottom surface of each extendable element, including those that remain closed, that consists of a uniformly distributed mass in pounds. The fill weight in open extendable elements must be at least 8.5 pounds/cubic foot times the functional volume (cubic feet). The fill weight in closed extendable elements must be no more than 8.5 pounds/cubic foot times the functional volume (cubic feet). If necessary, secure the fill weights to prevent sliding. See figure 1 to this paragraph (b)(8)(i). Figure 1 to paragraph (b)(8)(i)--Fill weights in all drawers if 50 percent or more of the extendable elements by functional volume are open. [[Page 513]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25NO22.017 (ii) If less than 50 percent of the extendable elements by functional volume are open, do not place a fill weight in or on any extendable element(s). See figure 2 to this paragraph (b)(8)(ii). Figure 2 to paragraph (b)(8)(ii)--No fill weights if less than 50 percent of the extendable elements by functional volume are open. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25NO22.018 [[Page 514]] (c) Test procedure to determine tip-over moment of the unit. Perform one of the following two tip-over tests (Test Method 1 or Test Method 2), whichever is the most appropriate for the unit: (1) Test Method 1 shall be used for units with extendable elements that extend at least 6 inches from the fulcrum. Record the horizontal distance from where the center of force will be applied (the center of gravity of the weights to be applied) to the fulcrum. Gradually apply over a period of at least 5 seconds weights to the face of an extended extendable element of the unit to cause the unit to tip over. The weights are to be placed on a single drawer face or distributed evenly across multiple drawer faces or as adjacent as possible to the pull-out shelf face. The weights shall not interfere with other extended extendable elements. Record the tip-over force. Calculate the tip-over moment of the unit by multiplying the tip-over force (pounds) by the horizontal distance from the center of the force application to the fulcrum (feet). See figure 3 to this paragraph (c)(1). Figure 3 to paragraph (c)(1)--Illustration of force application methods for Test Method 1 with vertical load LV (test block not to scale). [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25NO22.019 (2) Test Method 2 shall be used for any unit for which Test Method 1 does not apply. Record the vertical distance from where the center of force will be applied to the fulcrum. Gradually apply over a period of at least 5 seconds a horizontal force to the unit orthogonal to the fulcrum to cause the unit to tip over. Record the tip-over force. Calculate the tip-over moment of the unit by multiplying the tip-over force (pounds) by the vertical distance from the center of force application to the fulcrum (feet). See figure 4 to this paragraph (c)(2). Figure 4 to paragraph (c)(2)--Illustration of force application methods for Test Method 2 with horizontal load LH (test block not to scale). [[Page 515]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25NO22.020 (3) If a failed component prohibits completion of the test, then to continue testing, the failed component(s) must be repaired or replaced to the original specifications, or the component(s) must be replaced and the test repeated with the failed component(s) secured to prevent the component(s) from failing, as long as the modifications do not increase the tip-over moment. (d) Performance requirement. The tip-over moment of the clothing storage unit must be greater than the threshold moment, which is the greatest of all of the applicable moments in paragraphs (d)(1) through (3) of this section: (1) For units with an extendable element(s): 55.3 pounds times the extendable element extension from fulcrum distance in feet +26.6 pound- feet; (2) For units with a door(s): 51.2 pounds times the door extension from fulcrum distance in feet -12.8 pound-feet; and (3) For all units: 17.2 pounds times maximum handhold height in feet. Sec. 1261.5 Requirements for marking and labeling. (a) Warning label requirements. The clothing storage unit shall have a warning label, as defined in this paragraph (a). (1) Size. The warning label shall be at least 2 inches wide by 2 inches tall. (2) Content. (i) The warning label shall contain the text in figure 1 to this paragraph (a)(2)(i), with the text following brackets to be included only for the units specified in the brackets. Figure 1 to paragraph (a)(2)(i)--Warning label content. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25NO22.021 [[Page 516]] (ii) The warning label shall contain the three-panel child climbing symbol displayed in figure 2 to this paragraph (a)(2)(ii), with the prohibition symbol in red and the check mark in green. The third panel (i.e., depicting attachment to the wall) may be modified to show a specific anti-tip device included with the clothing storage unit. Figure 2 to paragraph (a)(2)(ii)--Three-panel child climbing symbol. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25NO22.022 (iii) For units that are not designed to hold a television, the warning label also shall contain the no television symbol displayed in figure 3 to this paragraph (a)(2)(iii), with the prohibition symbol in red. Figure 3 to paragraph (a)(2)(iii)--No television symbol. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25NO22.023 (iv) The content of the warning label required in this paragraph (a)(2) shall not be modified or amended except as specifically indicated. (3) Format. The warning label shall use the signal word panel content and format specified in Section 8.2.2 of ASTM F2057-19, Standard Safety Specification for Clothing Storage Units, and the font, font size, and color specified in Section 8.2.3 of ASTM F2057-19 (incorporated by reference, see paragraph (c) of this section). Each safety symbol shall measure at least 1 inch by 1 inch. See figure 4 to this paragraph (a)(3). Figure 4 to paragraph (a)(3)--Example warning label for a clothing storage unit with an interlock system that is not designed to hold a television (top) and for a clothing storage unit without an interlock system that is designed to hold a television (bottom). [[Page 517]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25NO22.024 [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25NO22.025 (4) Location. (i) For units with one or more drawer(s): (A) The warning label shall be located on the interior side panel of a drawer in the upper most drawer row or, if the top of the drawer(s) in the upper most drawer row is more than 56 inches from the floor, on the interior side panel of a drawer in the upper most drawer row below 56 inches from the floor, as measured from the top of the drawer. (B) The top left corner of the warning label shall be positioned within 1 inch of the top of the drawer side panel and within the front \1/3\ of the interior drawer depth. (ii) For units with only doors: The warning label shall be located on an interior side or back panel of the cabinet behind the door(s), or on the interior door panel. The warning label shall not be obscured by a shelf or other interior element. [[Page 518]] (iii) For consumer-assembled units: The warning label shall be pre- attached to the panel, and the assembly instructions shall direct the consumer to place the panel with the warning label according to the placement requirements in paragraphs (a)(4)(i) and (ii) of this section. (5) Permanency. The warning label shall be legible and attached after it is tested using the methods specified in Section 7.3 of ASTM F2057-19, Standard Safety Specification for Clothing Storage Units (incorporated by reference, see paragraph (c) of this section). (b) Identification marking or labeling requirements. The clothing storage unit shall have an identification mark or label, as defined in this paragraph (b). (1) Size. The identification mark or label shall be at least 2 inches wide by 1 inch tall. (2) Content. The identification mark or label shall contain the following: (i) Name and address (city, state, and zip code) of the manufacturer, distributor, or retailer; the model number; and the month and year of manufacture. (ii) The statement ``Complies with U.S. CPSC Safety Standard for Clothing Storage Units,'' as appropriate; this label may spell out ``U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission'' instead of ``U.S. CPSC.'' (3) Format. The identification mark or label text shall not be less than 0.1 in. (2.5 mm) capital letter height. The text and background shall be contrasting colors (e.g., black text on a white background). (4) Location. The identification mark or label shall be visible from the back of the unit when the unit is fully assembled. (5) Permanency. The identification mark or label shall be legible and attached after it is tested using the methods specified in Section 7.3 of ASTM F2057-19, Standard Safety Specification for Clothing Storage Units (incorporated by reference, see paragraph (c) of this section). (c) Incorporation by reference. ASTM F2057-19, Standard Safety Specification for Clothing Storage Units, approved on August 1, 2019, is incorporated by reference into this part with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959; phone: (610) 832-9585; www.astm.org. A read-only copy of the standard is available for viewing on the ASTM website at https://www.astm.org/ READINGLIBRARY/. You may inspect a copy at the Office of the Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone (301) 504-7479, email: [email protected], or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ ibr-locations.html. Sec. 1261.6 Requirements to provide performance and technical data by labeling. Manufacturers of clothing storage units shall give notification of performance and technical data related to performance and safety to prospective purchasers of such products at the time of original purchase and to the first purchaser of such product for purposes other than resale, in the manner set forth in this section: (a) Consumer information requirements for physical points of sale, packaging, and on-product. The manufacturer shall provide a hang tag with every clothing storage unit that provides the ratio of tip-over moment as tested to the minimally allowed tip-over moment of that model clothing storage unit. The label must conform in content, form, and sequence to the hang tag shown in figure 2 to this paragraph (a). (1) Size. Every hang tag shall be at least 5 inches wide by 7 inches tall. (2) Side 1 content. The front of every hang tag shall contain the following: (i) The title--``TIP OVER GUIDE.'' (ii) The icon shown in figure 1 to this paragraph (a)(2)(ii): Figure 1 to paragraph (a)(2)(ii)--Hang tag icon. [[Page 519]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25NO22.026 (iii) The statement--``Stability Rating.'' (iv) The manufacturer's name and model number of the unit. (v) Ratio of tip-over moment, as tested per Sec. 1261.4(c), to the threshold moment, as determined per Sec. 1261.4(d), of that model clothing storage unit, displayed on a progressive scale. This value shall be the stability rating, rounded to one decimal place (e.g., X.Y). (vi) The scale shall start at 1 and end at 2. (vii) ``MIN'' and ``OR MORE'' on the left and right sides of the scale, respectively. (viii) A solid horizontal line from 1 to the calculated rating. (ix) The statement--``This unit is [enter rating value] times more stable than the minimum required,'' with the stability rating to be inserted for bracketed text. (x) The statement--``Compare with other units before you buy.'' (xi) The statement--``This is a guide to compare units' resistance to tipping over.'' (xii) The statement--``Higher numbers represent more stable units.'' (xiii) The statement--``No unit is completely safe from tip over.'' (xiv) The statement--``Always secure the unit to the wall.'' (xv) The statement--``Tell children not to climb furniture.'' (xvi) The statement--``See back side of this tag for more information.'' (xvii) The statement--``THIS TAG NOT TO BE REMOVED EXCEPT BY THE CONSUMER.'' (3) Side 2 content. The reverse of every hang tag shall contain the following: (i) The statement--``Stability Rating Explanation.'' (ii) The icon in paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section. (iii) The stability rating determined in paragraph (a)(2)(v) of this section. (iv) The statement--``Test data on this unit indicated it withstood [insert rating determined in paragraph (a)(2)(v) of this section] times the minimally acceptable moment, per tests required by the Consumer Product Safety Commission (see below),'' with the stability rating to be inserted for bracketed text. (v) The statement--``Deaths and serious crushing injuries have occurred from furniture tipping over onto people.'' (vi) The statement--``To reduce tip-over incidents, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) requires that clothing storage units, such as dressers, chests, bureaus, and armoires, resist certain tip-over forces. The test that CPSC requires measures the stability of a clothing storage unit and its resistance to rotational forces, also known as moments. This test is based on threshold rotational forces of a 3-year-old child climbing up, hanging on, or pulling on drawers and/or doors of this unit. These actions create rotational forces (moments) that can cause the unit to tip forward and fall over. The stability rating on this tag is the ratio of this unit's tip-over moment (using CPSC's test) and the threshold tip-over moment. More information on the test method can be found in 16 CFR part 1261.'' (4) Format. The hang tag shall be formatted as shown in figure 2 to this paragraph (a). The background of the [[Page 520]] front of the tag shall be printed in full bleed process yellow or equivalent; the background of the back of the tag shall be white. All type and graphics shall be printed in process black. (5) Attachment. Every hang tag shall be attached to the clothing storage unit and be clearly visible to a person standing in front of the unit. The hang tag shall be attached to the clothing storage unit and lost or damaged hang tags must be replaced such that they are attached and provided, as required by this section, at the time of original purchase to prospective purchasers and to the first purchaser other than resale. The hang tags may be removed only by the first purchaser. (6) Placement. The hang tag shall appear on the product and the immediate container of the product in which the product is normally offered for sale at retail. Ready-to-assemble furniture shall display the hang tag on the main panel of consumer-level packaging. The hang tag shall remain on the product/container/packaging until the time of original purchase. Any units shipped directly to consumers shall contain the hang tag on the immediate container of the product. Figure 2 to paragraph (a)--Hang tag for a unit with a tip rating of 1.5. [[Page 521]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25NO22.027 [[Page 522]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25NO22.028 (b) Consumer information requirements for online points of sale. Any manufacturer or importer of a clothing storage unit with an online sales interface (e.g., website or app) from which the clothing storage unit may be purchased shall provide on the online sales interface that offers the clothing storage unit for purchase: (1) All of the content required by paragraphs (a)(2) and (3) of this section, in the form and sequence shown in figure 2 to paragraph (a) of this section, except that it need not contain the statements in paragraphs (a)(2)(xvi) and (xvii) of this section. (2) The stability rating must be displayed in a font size equivalent to that of the price, in proximity to the price of the product, and a link to the virtual hang tag of the product must be provided through one user action (e.g., mouse click, mouse roll-over, or tactile screen expansion) on the stability rating value or image. Sec. 1261.7 Prohibited stockpiling. (a) Prohibited acts. Manufacturers and importers of clothing storage units shall not manufacture or import clothing storage units that do not comply with the requirements of this part in [[Page 523]] any 1-month period between November 25, 2022 and May 24, 2023 at a rate that is greater than 105 percent of the rate at which they manufactured or imported clothing storage units during the base period for the manufacturer. (b) Base period. The base period for clothing storage units is the calendar month with the median manufacturing or import volume within the last 13 months immediately preceding November 2022. Sec. 1261.8 Findings. (a) General. Section 9(f) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2058(f)) requires the Commission to make findings concerning the following topics and to include the findings in the rule. Because the findings are required to be published in the rule, they reflect the information that was available to the Consumer Product Safety Commission (Commission, CPSC) when the standard was issued on November 25, 2022. (b) Degree and nature of the risk of injury. The standard is designed to reduce the risk of death an injury from clothing storage units tipping over onto children. The Commission has identified 199 clothing storage unit tip-over fatalities to children that were reported to have occurred between January 1, 2000, and April 30, 2022. There were an estimated 60,100 injuries, an annual average of 3,800 estimated injuries, to children related to clothing storage unit tip overs that were treated in U.S. hospital emergency departments from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2021. Injuries to children, resulting from clothing storage units tipping over, include soft tissue injuries, skeletal injuries and bone fractures, and fatalities resulting from skull fractures, closed-head injuries, compressional and mechanical asphyxia, and internal organ crushing leading to hemorrhage. (c) Number of consumer products subject to the rule. In 2021, there were approximately 229.94 million clothing storage units in use and about 20.64 million clothing storage units sold. (d) The need of the public for clothing storage units and the effects of the rule on their cost, availability, and utility. (1) Consumers commonly use clothing storage units to store clothing in their homes. The standard requires clothing storage units to meet a minimum stability threshold, but does not restrict the design of clothing storage units. As such, clothing storage units that meet the standard would continue to serve the purpose of storing clothing in consumers' homes. There may be a negative effect on the utility of clothing storage units if products that comply with the standard are less convenient to use. Another potential effect on utility could occur if, in order to comply with the standard, manufacturers modify clothing storage units to eliminate certain desired characteristics or styles, or discontinue models. However, this loss of utility would be mitigated to the extent that other clothing storage units with similar characteristics and features are available that comply with the standard. (2) Retail prices of clothing storage units vary widely. The least expensive units retail for less than $100, while some more expensive units retail for several thousand dollars. CPSC estimates that the cost, per unit, to modify a clothing storage unit to comply with the rule is between $10.21 and $17.64, which includes the cost to redesign, modify (labor and materials), and test. Clothing storage unit prices may increase to reflect the added cost of modifying or redesigning products to comply with the standard, or to account for increased distribution costs. In addition, consumers may incur a cost in the form of additional time to assemble clothing storage units if additional safety features are included. (3) If the costs associated with redesigning or modifying a clothing storage unit model to comply with the standard results in the manufacturer discontinuing that model, there would be some loss in availability of clothing storage units. (e) Other means to achieve the objective of the rule while minimizing adverse effects on competition, manufacturing, and commercial practices. (1) The Commission considered alternatives to achieving the objective of the rule of reducing unreasonable risks of injury and death associated with clothing storage [[Page 524]] unit tip overs. For example, the Commission considered relying on voluntary recalls, anti-tip devices, compliance with the voluntary standard, and education campaigns, rather than issuing a standard. This alternative would have minimal costs; however, it is unlikely to further reduce the risk of injury from clothing storage unit tip overs because the Commission has relied on these efforts to date. (2) The Commission also considered issuing a standard that requires only performance and technical data, with no performance requirements for stability. This would impose lower costs on manufacturers, but is unlikely to adequately reduce the risk of injury from clothing storage unit tip overs because it relies on manufacturers choosing to offer more stable units; consumer assessment of their need for more stable units (which CPSC's research indicates consumers underestimate); and does not account for units outside a child's home or purchased before a child was born. (3) The Commission also considered mandating a standard like the voluntary standard, but replacing the 50-pound test weight with a 60- pound test weight. This alternative would be less costly than the rule because many clothing storage units already meet such a requirement, and it would likely cost less to modify noncompliant units to meet this less stringent standard. However, this alternative is unlikely to adequately reduce the risk of clothing storage unit tip overs because it does not account for factors that are present in tip-over incidents that contribute to clothing storage unit instability, including multiple open and filled drawers, carpeting, and forces generated by a child interacting with the unit. (4) Another alternative the Commission considered was providing a longer effective date. This may reduce the costs of the rule by spreading them over a longer period, but it would also delay the benefits of the rule, in the form of reduced deaths and injuries. (f) Unreasonable risk. (1) Incident data indicates that there were 234 reported tip-over fatalities involving clothing storage units that were reported to have occurred between January 1, 2000, and April 30, 2022, of which 199 involved children, 11 involved adults, and 24 involved seniors. Of the reported child fatalities, 86 percent (171 fatalities) involved children 3 years old or younger. (2) There were an estimated 84,100 injuries, an annual average of 5,300 estimated injuries, related to clothing storage unit tip overs that were treated in U.S. hospital emergency departments from January 1, 2006, to December 31, 2021. Of these, 72 percent (60,100) were to children, which is an annual average of 3,800 estimated injuries to children over the 16-year period. In addition, there were approximately 58,351 tip-over injuries involving clothing storage units and children treated in other settings from 2007 through 2021, or an average of 3,890 per year. Therefore, combined, there were an estimated 103,100 nonfatal, medically attended tip-over injuries to children from clothing storage units during the years 2007 through 2021. (3) Injuries to children when clothing storage units tip over can be serious. They include fatal injuries resulting from skull fractures, closed-head injuries, compressional and mechanical asphyxia, and internal organ crushing leading to hemorrhage; they also include serious nonfatal injuries, including skeletal injuries and bone fractures. (g) Public interest. This rule is intended to address an unreasonable risk of injury and death posed by clothing storage units tipping over. The Commission believes that adherence to the requirements of the rule will significantly reduce clothing storage unit tip-over deaths and injuries in the future; thus, the rule is in the public interest. (h) Voluntary standards. The Commission is aware of four voluntary and international standards that are applicable to clothing storage units: ASTM F2057-19, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Clothing Storage Units (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 1261.5(c)); AS/NZS 4935: 2009, the Australian/New Zealand Standard for Domestic furniture--Freestanding chests of drawers, wardrobes and bookshelves/ bookcases--determination of stability; [[Page 525]] ISO 7171 (2019), the International Organization for Standardization International Standard for Furniture--Storage Units--Determination of stability; and EN14749 (2016), the European Standard, European Standard for Domestic and kitchen storage units and worktops--Safety requirements and test methods. The Commission finds that these standards are not likely to adequately reduce the risk of injury associated with clothing storage unit tip overs because they do not account for the multiple factors that are commonly present simultaneously during clothing storage unit tip-over incidents and that testing indicates decrease the stability of clothing storage units. These factors include multiple open and filled drawers, carpeted flooring, and dynamic forces generated by children's interactions with the clothing storage unit, such as climbing or pulling on the top drawer. (i) Relationship of benefits to costs. The aggregate benefits of the rule are estimated to be about $307.17 million annually and the cost of the rule is estimated to be about $250.90 during the first year the rule is in effect. Based on this analysis, the Commission finds that the benefits expected from the rule bear a reasonable relationship to the anticipated costs of the rule. (j) Least burdensome requirement that would adequately reduce the risk of injury. (1) The Commission considered less-burdensome alternatives to the rule, but concluded that none of these alternatives would adequately reduce the risk of injury. (2) The Commission considered relying on voluntary recalls, anti-tip devices, compliance with the voluntary standard, and education campaigns, rather than issuing a mandatory standard. This alternative would be less burdensome by having minimal costs, but would be unlikely to reduce the risk of injury from clothing storage unit tip overs. The Commission has relied on these efforts to date, but despite these efforts, there continue to be a high number of child injuries from clothing storage unit tip overs. (3) The Commission considered issuing a standard that requires only performance and technical data, with no performance requirements for stability. This would be less burdensome by imposing lower costs on manufacturers, but is unlikely to adequately reduce the risk of injury because it relies on manufacturers choosing to offer more stable units; consumer assessment of their need for more stable units (which CPSC's research indicates consumers underestimate); and does not account for clothing storage units outside a child's home or purchased before a child was born. (4) The Commission considered mandating a standard like ASTM F2057- 19, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Clothing Storage Units (incorporated by reference, see Sec. 1261.5(c)), but replacing the 50- pound test weight with a 60-pound test weight. This alternative would be less burdensome than the rule because many clothing storage units already meet such a requirement, and it would likely cost less to modify noncompliant units to meet this less stringent standard. However, this alternative is unlikely to adequately reduce the risk of tip overs because it does not account for several factors that are simultaneously present in clothing storage unit tip-over incidents and contribute to instability, including multiple open and filled drawers, carpeting, and forces generated by a child interacting with the unit. (5) The Commission considered providing a longer effective date. This may reduce the cost burden of the rule by spreading the costs over a longer period, but it would also delay the benefits of the rule, in the form of reduced deaths and injuries. (6) Therefore, the Commission concludes that the rule is the least burdensome requirement that would adequately reduce the risk of injury. PART 1262_SAFETY STANDARD FOR MAGNETS--Table of Contents Sec. 1262.1 Scope, purpose, application, and exemptions. 1262.2 Definitions. 1262.3 Requirements. 1262.4 Test procedure for determining flux index. 1262.5 Findings. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2056, 2058. [[Page 526]] Source: 87 FR 57789, Sept. 21, 2022, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1262.1 Scope, purpose, application, and exemptions. (a) Scope and purpose. This part, a consumer product safety standard, prescribes the safety requirements for a subject magnet product, as defined in Sec. 1262.2(b). These requirements are intended to reduce or eliminate an unreasonable risk of death or injury to consumers who ingest one or more hazardous magnets (as defined in Sec. 1262.2(a)) from a subject magnet product. (b) Application. Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, all subject magnet products that are manufactured after October 21, 2022, are subject to the requirements of this part. (c) Exemption. The following consumer products are exempt from the requirements of this part: Toys that are subject to 16 CFR part 1250. Sec. 1262.2 Definitions. The following definitions apply for purposes of this part: (a) Hazardous magnet means a magnet that fits entirely within the cylinder described in 16 CFR 1501.4 and that has a flux index of 50 kG\2\ mm\2\ or more when tested in accordance with the method described in 1262.4. (b) Subject magnet product means a consumer product that is designed, marketed, or intended to be used for entertainment, jewelry (including children's jewelry), mental stimulation, stress relief, or a combination of these purposes, and that contains one or more loose or separable magnets, but does not include products sold and/or distributed solely to school educators, researchers, professionals, and/or commercial or industrial users exclusively for educational, research, professional, commercial, and/or industrial purposes. Sec. 1262.3 Requirements. Each loose or separable magnet in a subject magnet product that fits entirely within the cylinder described in 16 CFR 1501.4 must have a flux index of less than 50 kG\2\ mm\2\ when tested in accordance with the method described in Sec. 1262.4. Sec. 1262.4 Test procedure for determining flux index. (a) Select at least one loose or separable magnet of each shape and size in the subject magnet product. (b) Measure the flux index of each selected magnet in accordance with the procedure in section 8.25.1 through 8.25.3 of ASTM F963-17, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety, approved on May 1, 2017. The Director of the Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959; phone: (610) 832-9585; www.astm.org. A read-only copy of the standard is available for viewing on the ASTM website at www.astm.org/READINGLIBRARY/. You may inspect a copy at the Office of the Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone (301) 504-7479, email: [email protected], or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. Sec. 1262.5 Findings. (a) General. Section 9(f) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2058(f)) requires the Commission to make findings concerning the following topics and to include the findings in the rule. (b) Degree and nature of the risk of injury. (1) The standard is designed to reduce the risk of death and injury associated with magnet ingestions. There were an estimated 26,600 magnet ingestions were treated in hospital EDs from January 1, 2010, through December 31, 2021. There were an estimated 5,000 magnet ingestions treated in U.S. hospital EDs between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2021, that involved in- scope identified subject magnet products, and an additional estimated 20,000 ED-treated magnet ingestions involving unidentified magnet products, which are likely to have involved subject magnet products. There were an [[Page 527]] estimated 2,500 ED-treated ingestions of magnets from identified magnet products in year 2021, higher than the majority of the preceding years, including 2018 through 2020. In this same period, January 1, 2010, through December 31, 2021, there were an estimated 286 CPSRMS-reported magnet ingestions involving identified subject magnet products and 76 CPSRMS-reported magnet ingestions involving unidentified subject magnet products. In addition, based on NEISS annual estimates from 2017-2021, ICM showed that there were an additional estimated 263 magnet ingestion injuries per year involving identified subject magnet products, which were treated in medical settings other than EDs (185 injuries treated outside of hospitals and 78 resulted in direct hospital admission). (2) The potential injuries when a child or teen ingests one or more hazardous magnets are serious. Health threats posed by hazardous magnet ingestion include pressure necrosis, volvulus, bowel obstruction, bleeding, fistulae, ischemia, inflammation, perforation, peritonitis, sepsis, ileus, ulceration, aspiration, and death, among others. These conditions can result from magnets attracting to each other through internal body tissue, or a single magnet attracting to a ferromagnetic object. CPSC is aware of serious injuries and several fatal magnet ingestion incidents that occurred in the United States, resulting from internal interaction of magnets. (c) Number of consumer products subject to the rule. The CPSC estimates that there are approximately 500,000 subject magnet products sold annually in the United States. However, to account for a range of sales estimates, staff provided information for sales ranging from 100,000 to 1 million units annually. (d) The need of the public for subject magnet products and the effects of the rule on their cost, availability, and utility. (1) Consumers use subject magnet products for entertainment, mental stimulation, stress relief, and jewelry. The rule requires subject magnet products to meet performance requirements regarding size or strength, but it does not restrict the design of products. As such, subject magnet products that meet the standard can continue to serve the purpose of amusement or jewelry for consumers. Magnets that comply with the performance requirements of the rule, such as non-separable magnets, larger magnets, weaker magnets, or non-permanent magnets, may be useful for amusement or jewelry. However, it is possible that there may be some negative effect on the utility of subject magnet products if compliant products function differently or do not include certain desired characteristics. (2) Retail prices of subject magnet products generally average under $20. CPSC has identified subject magnet products that comply with the rule, and the prices of compliant and non-compliant products are comparable. (3) If the costs associated with redesigning or modifying subject magnet products to comply with the rule results in manufacturers discontinuing products, there may be some loss in availability to consumers. However, this would be mitigated to the extent that compliant products meet the same consumer needs, and there are compliant products currently available for sale to consumers. (4) Manufacturers may sell complying products to mitigate costs. In addition to products that comply with the performance requirements, there are products that are not subject to the performance requirements. Products sold and/or distributed solely to school educators, researchers, professionals, and/or commercial or industrial users exclusively for educational, research, professional, commercial, and/or industrial purposes are not subject magnet products, and firms may continue to manufacture, sell, and distribute such magnet products. (e) Other means to achieve the objective of the rule while minimizing adverse effects on competition, manufacturing, and commercial practices. The Commission considered other alternatives that might reduce the impact of a rule on small businesses, including promulgating an alternative set of requirements for the flux index or size of the magnets; requiring safer packaging; requiring warnings on the packaging and [[Page 528]] promotional materials; requiring aversive agents on magnets; relying on voluntary standards; delaying the effective date; and taking no action. Although each of the alternative actions would have lower costs and less impact on small business, none is likely to significantly reduce the injuries associated with ingestion of magnets from subject magnet products. (f) Unreasonable risk. (1) Incident data indicate that there were an estimated 25,000 magnet ingestions treated in U.S. hospital EDs from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2021, which involved in-scope magnet products. Of these estimated 25,000 ED-treated magnet ingestions, an estimated 5,000 involved in-scope identified subject magnet products, and an estimated 20,000 involved ``unidentified'' magnet product types that, based on incident data and factors considered by the Commission, are likely to be subject magnet products. During 2017 through 2021, based on the NEISS annual estimate of about 481 magnet injuries initially treated in hospital EDs involving in-scope identified magnets there were 320 injuries that were treated and released and 161 injuries that required hospitalization. Additionally, based on estimates from the ICM, 185 injuries were treated outside of hospitals annually and another 78 injuries resulted in direct hospital admission. These incidents indicate the frequency with which children and teens ingest magnets, and the need to address the magnet ingestion hazard. (2) The potential injuries when a person ingests one or more magnets are serious. Health threats posed by magnet ingestion include pressure necrosis, volvulus, bowel obstruction, bleeding, fistulae, ischemia, inflammation, perforation, peritonitis, sepsis, ileus, ulceration, aspiration, and death, among others. These conditions can result from magnets attracting to each other through internal body tissue, or a single magnet attracting to a ferromagnetic object. Magnet ingestion incidents commonly result in hospitalization, particularly when subject magnet products are ingested. The Commission is aware of serious injuries as well as five fatal magnet ingestion incidents that occurred in the United States between November 24, 2005, and January 5, 2021. Four of these incidents involved children 2 years old or younger, and all five victims died from injuries resulting from internal interaction of the magnets. Four of the five incidents identified the products as magnet sets, amusement products, or described them as having characteristics that are consistent with subject magnet products. (3) CPSC's trend analysis of the incident data indicates that magnet ingestions have significantly increased in recent years. In 2014, Commission issued a rule that applied to magnet sets, which are a subset of the subject magnet products addressed in this rule. The 2014 magnet sets rule took effect in April 2015 and remained in effect until it was vacated and remanded by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit Court in November 2016. Zen Magnets, LLC v. Consumer Prod. Safety Comm'n., 841 F.3d 1141 (10th Cir. 2016). ED-treated ingestions of magnets from subject magnet products continued to rise since the 2014 magnets set rule was vacated. A review of the annual estimates for ED- treated, magnet ingestions by year, from 2010 through 2021 showed that magnet ingestions are higher for the 2017 through 2021 period, than the previous periods, with more in-scope magnet ingestions in 2021 (2,500) than most of the preceding years, including 2018 through 2020. To assess these trends further, CPSC grouped the years in relation to the vacated 2014 magnet sets rule, using three separate periods. CPSC reviewed the magnet ingestions treated in U.S. hospital EDs for the periods 2010 through 2013 (years prior to the announcement of the 2014 magnet sets rule), 2014 through 2016 (years when the 2014 magnet sets rule was announced and in effect), and 2017 through 2021 (years after the magnet set rule was vacated). For 2010-2013, there were approximately 2,300 ED- treated magnet ingestion incidents per year; for 2014-2016, there were an approximately 1,300 ED-treated magnet ingestion incidents per year; for 2017-2021, there were approximately 2,400 ED-treated magnet ingestion incidents per year. Thus, during the period [[Page 529]] when the 2014 magnet sets rule was announced and in effect (2014-2016), magnet injury ingestion estimates are lowest by a significant margin, compared with the earlier and more recent periods. CPSRMS data also showed a similar decline in incidents for the period when the magnet sets rule was announced and in effect. CPSC's assessment of incident data, as well as other researchers' assessments of NEISS data, and national poison center data, all indicated that magnet ingestion cases significantly declined during the years when the 2014 magnet sets rule was announced and in effect, compared to the periods before and after the 2014 magnet sets rule. (4) For these reasons, the Commission finds that the rule is reasonably necessary to eliminate or reduce an unreasonable risk of injury associated with the product. (g) Public interest. This rule is intended to address an unreasonable risk of injury and death posed by magnet ingestions. The Commission finds that compliance with the requirements of the rule will significantly reduce magnet ingestion deaths and injuries in the future; thus, the Commission finds that promulgation of the rule is in the public interest. (h) Voluntary standards. (1) The Commission is aware of six relevant standards, four domestic and two international, that address the magnet ingestion hazard. One standard is mandatory, ASTM F963-17, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Toy Safety (incorporated by reference at Sec. Sec. 1262.4 and 1250.2 of this chapter). The other voluntary standards include: ASTM F2923-20, Standard Specification for Consumer Product Safety for Children's Jewelry; ASTM F2999-19, Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Adult Jewelry; ASTM F3458-21, Standard Specification for Marketing, Packaging, and Labeling Adult Magnet Sets Containing Small, Loose, Powerful Magnets (with a Flux Index = 50 kG\2\ mm\2\) (see Sec. 1262.4 for the availability of ASTM standards from ASTM International); EN-71-1: 2014, Safety of Toys; Part 1: Mechanical and Physical Properties (available from EN European Standards; Krimicka 134, 318 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic, phone: 420 377 921 379; www.en-standard.eu); and ISO 8124-1: 2018, Safety of Toys--Part 1: Safety Aspects Related to Mechanical and Physical Properties (available from International Organization for Standardization; Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland; phone: 41 22 749 01 11; www.iso.org). (2) The Commission finds that compliance with existing standards is not likely to result in the elimination or adequate reduction of the risk of injury associated with ingestion of subject magnet products. (i) Relationship of benefits to costs. (1) CPSC estimates that aggregate annual societal costs from ingestion injuries involving subject magnet products for 2017 through 2021 totaled $51.8 million, even when ingestion injuries involving unidentified magnet products are excluded. The expected costs of the rule include the lost value experienced by consumers who would no longer be able to purchase subject magnet products with loose or separable hazardous magnets, as well as the lost profits to firms that could not produce and sell non-complying products in the future. Estimates of consumer and producer surplus range from about $2 million to $3.5 million to about $20 million to $35 million, based on unit sales ranging from 100,000 to 1 million. If annual unit sales of non-complying subject magnet products are 500,000, expected aggregate benefits from the rule would total $51.8 million annually as noted above; costs (lost consumer and producer surplus) would range from $10 million to $17.5 million annually. Thus, the benefits of the rule would greatly exceed the costs. (2) If unidentified magnet products involved in ingestion injuries, which are also likely to be subject magnet products, are considered as well, average annual societal costs for 2017 through 2021 would increase by $167.9 million. A sensitivity analysis shows that adding even a relatively small portion of NEISS cases involving unidentified magnet products to the base case substantially increases the estimated gross benefits of the rule. Although CPSC's analysis of the data, the trends in NEISS, CPSRMS, and poison center-reported, magnet-related incidents support the conclusion that [[Page 530]] the unidentified magnet products generally involved magnets considered within the scope of the rule, because CPSC does not know precisely how many of these products would fall within the scope of this rule, CPSC has not included them in the primary benefit analysis. Instead, CPSC includes the benefits from unidentified magnet products in this final rule's sensitivity analysis to illustrate the theoretical upper bounds of benefits from this rule. Theoretically, including 100 percent of these societal costs with those estimated for identified subject magnet products ($51.8 million) could yield average annual societal costs of magnet ingestion injuries of $219.7 million for the period 2017 through 2021. (j) Least burdensome requirement that would adequately reduce the risk of injury. CPSC considered several less-burdensome alternatives to the rule. (1) One alternative is to take no regulatory action and, instead, rely on existing standards to address the magnet ingestion hazard. This alternative would reduce the burden associated with the rule by avoiding a mandatory standard, but it is unlikely to adequately address the magnet ingestion hazard due to the limited scope and requirements of existing standards and uncertainty regarding compliance with them. (2) Another alternative is a mandatory standard with less stringent requirements than the proposed rule, such as a higher flux index limit, or different requirements for certain shapes and sizes of magnets. This could reduce the burden associated with a rule by allowing firms to market a wider variety of products than under the rule. However, this alternative would reduce the safety benefits because allowing certain hazardous magnets in subject magnet products to remain on the market does not address the hazard such products pose. (3) Safety messaging is another alternative to the rule. This alternative would reduce the burdens associated with the rule because it would not require modifying or discontinuing subject magnet products, and the costs of such warnings and instructional information likely would be small. However, this alternative is not likely to adequately reduce the magnet ingestion hazard. Incident data shows children commonly access ingested magnets from sources that do not include the product packaging where warnings are provided. Incident data, behavioral and developmental factors, and other information indicate that children and caregivers commonly disregard safety messaging regarding the magnet ingestion hazard. Finally, this approach has not been effective at adequately reducing the hazard, to date. (4) Another alternative is to require special packaging to limit children's access to subject magnet products. Although this alternative would create some packaging costs, those costs likely would be lower than the costs of the rule because this alternative would allow subject magnet products to remain unchanged. However, this alternative is not likely to adequately reduce the risk of injury and death associated with magnet ingestions. Consumers are unlikely to repackage all magnets after each use, given the small size and large number of magnets in products, the potential to lose magnets, and consumers' underappreciation of the hazard. In addition, commercially reasonable packaging requirements would only prevent young children (typically, children under 5 years old) from accessing the product, not older children, or teens, who are involved in the majority of magnet ingestion incidents. (5) Another alternative is to require subject magnet products to be coated with aversive agents. This alternative would reduce the burden associated with the rule because it would allow firms to continue to sell subject magnet products and the costs of such coatings likely would be small. However, such requirements are not likely to adequately address the hazard because they do not address ingestions that occur when the first magnet is placed in the victim's mouth, before the aversive agent is detected, accidental ingestions, or children who are developmentally inclined to place objects in their mouths. (6) Another alternative is to provide a later effective date for the final rule. This may reduce the burdens associated with the rule by spreading them [[Page 531]] over a longer period, but it would also delay the safety benefits of the rule. (7) For these reasons, the Commission finds that the rule imposes the least burdensome requirement that prevents or adequately reduces the risk of injury associated with magnet ingestions. PART 1301_BAN OF UNSTABLE REFUSE BINS--Table of Contents Sec. 1301.1 Scope and application. 1301.2 Purpose. 1301.3 Findings. 1301.4 Definitions. 1301.5 Banning criteria. 1301.6 Test conditions. 1301.7 Test procedures. 1301.8 Effective date. Authority: Secs. 8, 9, 86 Stat. 1215-1217, as amended, 90 Stat. 506; 15 U.S.C. 2057, 2058. Source: 42 FR 30300, June 13, 1977, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1301.1 Scope and application. (a) In this part 1301 the Consumer Product Safety Commission (Commission) declares that certain unstable refuse bins are banned hazardous products under sections 8 and 9 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) (15 U.S.C. 2057 and 2058). (b) This ban applies to those refuse bins of metal construction that are being distributed in commerce on or after the effective date of this rule, which do not meet the criteria of Sec. 1301.5 and which are produced or distributed for sale to, or for the personal use, consumption or enjoyment of consumers, in or around a permanent or temporary household or residence, a school, in recreation or otherwise. The Commission has found that (1) these refuse bins are being, or will be distributed in commerce; (2) they present an unreasonable risk of injury; and (3) no feasible consumer product safety standard under the CPSA would adequately protect the public from the unreasonable risk of injury associated with these products. The ban is applicable to those refuse bins having an internal volume one cubic yard or greater by actual measurement, which will tip over when subjected to either of the forces described in Sec. 1301.7 and which are in commerce or being distributed in commerce on or after the effective date of the ban. (c) When such refuse bins are the subject of rental or lease transactions between owners of refuse bins or between refuse collection agencies and persons who make such refuse bins available for use by the public, such transactions are considered to be distributions in commerce and therefore come within the scope of this ban. Refuse collection agencies or owners of refuse bins who rent or lease refuse bins to persons who make them available for use by consumers are considered to be distributors; the persons to whom refuse bins are rented or leased are not considered to be distributors. (d) On or after the effective date of this rule it shall be unlawful to manufacture for sale, offer for sale, or distribute in commerce, the unstable refuse bins described in this rule. (e) This rule, effective November 13, 1981, is partially revoked and therefore does not apply to front-loading, straight-sided refuse bins without trunnion bars having an internal volume capacity of 1, 1\1/2\, or 2 cubic yards, of the following external dimensions: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Height \1\ -------------------- Internal volume Length Width High Weight (inches) (inches) side Low side (lbs) (inches) (inches) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 cubic yard.................................................. 70-72 21-23 29-31 29-31 313-347 1\1/2\ cubic yards............................................ 70-72 29-31 33-36 29-32 346-382 2 cubic yards................................................. 70-72 32-35 39-43 31-36 409-453 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ Does not include height of wheels. (Sec. 9(h), Pub. L. 97-35, Pub. L. 92-573, 86 Stat. 1215, 15 U.S.C. 2058(h)) [42 FR 30300, June 13, 1977, as amended at 46 FR 55925, Nov. 13, 1981] Sec. 1301.2 Purpose. The purpose of this rule is to ban those refuse bins which come under the scope of this ban because they present an unreasonable risk of injury due to tip-over that can result in serious injury or death from crushing. [[Page 532]] Sec. 1301.3 Findings. (a) Risk of injury. The Commission has studied 19 in-depth investigation reports of accidents associated with tip-over of unstable refuse bins. The 19 accidents, which involved 21 victims, resulted in 13 deaths. Of the 21 victims, 20 were children 10 years of age and under. Additionally, Commission records show three death certificates for victims, under 5 years of age, who were killed by refuse bins tipping over. Therefore, the Commission finds that unreasonable risks of injury or death from crushing due to tip-over are associated with certain unstable refuse bins having an internal volume one cubic yard or greater, which unreasonable risk this banning rule is designed to eliminate or reduce. (b) Products subject to this ban. (1) The Commission finds that the types of products subject to this ban are those manufactured metal receptacles known in the solid waste collection trade as containers, refuse bins, buckets, boxes or hoppers, with actual internal volumes of one cubic yard or greater, used for the storage and transportation of solid waste. They are fabricated in numerous sizes and configurations for use with rear, side, front, hoist and roll-off loaded trash collection trucks and are used by private firms and public agencies. (2) Although unstable refuse bins subject to this ban may be in various forms and shapes, the Commission's in-depth investigations into accidents associated with metal refuse containers indicate that most accidents have occurred with slant-sided metal refuse bins which are used by rear and side-loaded trucks. Therefore, the Commission bases its economic analysis of the potential impact of the ban upon the population of these bins. Certain refuse bins such as front loaded, roll-off, box and other types of large or broad based bins, because of their configuration, bulk and weight are likely to be inherently stable and are therefore not included in the population of potentially unstable bins studied in this economic analysis. (3) The Commission estimates that there may be approximately 638,000-716,000 slant-sided, metal refuse bins with an internal volume one cubic yard or greater, which may be unstable. The population of potentially unstable bins owned by some 10,000-15,000 private solid waste collection firms in all parts of the United States and its territories is estimated to be 359,000-371,000. These figures are discussed in the Commission's Economic Impact Statement of April 22, 1977, which is available for review from the Commission's Office of the Secretary, Washington, D.C. 20207. (c) Need of the public for the product and effects on utility, cost, and availability. (1) The public need for refuse bins is substantial since these products are used for the containment of solid waste and thus contribute to public hygiene. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency estimates that 135,000,000 tons of solid waste were collected in 1976 from residential, commercial and industrial sources. Approximately 101,250,000 tons (75%) were collected by private firms and the remainder by public agencies. (2) The Commission finds that the ban will not affect the utility that consumers derive from the general use of refuse bins. The interest of the public is in continuity, availability and price of solid waste collection. The ban could result in a shift from bins which are subject to the ban to other types of storage containers. Such a shift would not affect solid waste collection and would entail a small price increase for individual consumers. To the extent that injuries and deaths associated with the use of unstable bins are reduced or eliminated as a result of the ban, the public utility derived from the use of the product will be increased. (3)(i) The Commission finds that, based on its analysis of industrial estimates, newly produced complying refuse bins will cost approximately 1-10% more than currently produced noncomplying bins and that existing inventories of unstable bins can be modified (depending upon size) for about $45-$75 each. This modification cost estimate includes the cost of material, shop labor, retrieval and return to service, and the substitution of one bin for another for on-site service. (ii) The Commission estimates that the ban will not result in any significant price increases for the delivery of solid waste collection service to the [[Page 533]] general public because of the competitive structure of the solid waste collection industry. (4) The Commission finds that the ban will have no effect on the availability of solid waste collection service to the general public. Solid waste collection haulers who use products subject to this ban can modify these refuse bins so that these products can continue to be used for solid waste collection. (d) Alternatives. (1) The Commission has considered other means of achieving the objective of this ban, but has found none that it believes would have fewer adverse effects on competition or that would cause less disruption or dislocation of manufacturing, servicing or other commercial practices consistent with public health and safety. The Commission estimates that this ban may, because of capital and testing costs and maintenance capacity limitations, have an adverse effect on individual firms within some markets. (2) The Commission estimates that the ban will not have an adverse effect on the competitive structure of the solid waste collection industry. The competitive nature of solid waste collection firms is fostered because of low starting costs, particularly if a firm is owner- operated. The rate of entry and exit into and out of the industry for small operators tends to be high relative to larger firms in the industry. The ban will most likely not increase the degree of market concentration among the larger firms nor affect the rate of entry into or exit out of the industry by relatively smaller firms. (3) Table 3 of the Economic Impact Statement indicates that about 85 percent of the private sector trash haulers are those with a fleet size of about 10 trucks and have annual revenues under $1 million. These might be classified as small business firms. All firms in the trash hauling business would have two possible problems associated with the ban: cost and time to retrofit, and access to capital for retrofitting. The problem of raising capital to retrofit should not be a burden to small firms unless they are denied credit for factors not associated with this ban. The revised effective date from 9 to 12 months will extend both the time to retrofit and the time to search for capital sources, if necessary. We conclude that the small firms in the trash hauling industry will not experience undue hardship relative to their larger competitors. (e) Conclusion. (1) The Commission finds that this rule is reasonably necessary to eliminate or reduce the unreasonable risks of injury associated with refuse bins, as they are defined in Sec. 1301.4, and which fail to meet the criteria specified in Sec. 1301.5 (2) Based on all of the above findings, the Commission finds that the issuance of this rule is in the public interest. (3) The Commission is aware of the fact that refuse bins are used for many years before being discarded. Estimates of their useful life range from 10 to 15 years. Although other products which may be hazardous may also have a long life in the hands of individual consumers, a substantial number of unstable refuse bins remain in commerce because they are rented or leased and are constantly available for use by large numbers of consumers. The combination of the long life of refuse bins plus the fact that unstable refuse bins could remain in commerce and be available for use by many people, persuaded the Commission to make this finding that no feasible consumer product safety standard under the CPSA could adequately protect the public from the unreasonable risk of injury associated with those unstable refuse bins coming under the coverage of this ban. Sec. 1301.4 Definitions. (a) The definitions in section 3 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2052) apply to this part 1301. (b) Refuse bin means a metal receptacle having an internal volume one cubic yard or greater, by actual measurement, which temporarily receives and holds refuse for ultimate disposal either by unloading into the body or loading hopper of a refuse collection vehicle or by other means. (c) Internal volume means the actual volumetric capacity of the container. This may not necessarily correspond to the nominal size rating used by industry. (d) Tip over means that during the application of either test force described [[Page 534]] in Sec. 1301.7(a), the refuse bin begins to rotate forward about its forwardmost ground supports. Sec. 1301.5 Banning criteria. (a) Any refuse bin of metal construction produced or distributed, for sale to, or for the personal use, consumption or enjoyment of consumers, in or around a permanent or temporary household or residence, a school, in recreation or otherwise, which is in commerce or being distributed in commerce on or after the effective date of this ban and which has an actual internal volume one cubic yard or greater and tips over when tested under the conditions of Sec. 1301.6 and using the procedures described in Sec. 1301.7, is a banned hazardous product. (b) The Commission considers a refuse bin to tip over when it begins to rotate forward about its forwardmost ground supports. Sec. 1301.6 Test conditions. (a) The refuse bin shall be empty and have its lids or covers in a position which would most adversely affect the stability of the bin when tested. (b) The refuse bin shall be tested on a hard, flat surface. During testing, the bin shall not be tilted from level in such a way as to increase its stability. (c) Those refuse bins equipped with casters or wheels shall have the casters or wheels positioned in a position which would most adversely affect the stability of the bin and shall be chocked to prevent movement. (d) The stability of the refuse bin shall be tested without dependence upon non-permanent attachments or restraints such as chains or guys. (e) For purposes of enforcement, bins will be tested by the Commission in that position which most adversely affects their stability. Sec. 1301.7 Test procedures. (a) The refuse bin shall be tested by applying forces as described in paragraphs (a) (1) and (2) of this section one after the other. (1) A horizontal force of 70 pounds (311 N) shall be applied at a point and in a direction most likely to cause tipping, and (2) A vertically downward force of 191 pounds (850 N) shall be applied to a point most likely to cause tipping. (See Figure 1.) [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.047 (b) These forces shall be applied separately and the bin shall not tip over under the application of either action cited above in paragraph (a)(1) or (a)(2). [[Page 535]] Sec. 1301.8 Effective date. The effective date of this ban shall be June 13, 1978. PART 1302_BAN OF EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE CONTACT ADHESIVES--Table of Contents Sec. 1302.1 Scope and application. 1302.2 Purpose. 1302.3 Definitions. 1302.4 Banned hazardous products. 1302.5 Findings. 1302.6 Effective date. Authority: Secs. 8, 9; 86 Stat. 1215-1217 as amended; 90 Stat. 506; (15 U.S.C. 2057, 2058). Source: 42 FR 63731, Dec. 19, 1977, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1302.1 Scope and application. (a) In this part 1302 the Consumer Product Safety Commission (Commission) declares extremely flammable contact adhesives and similar liquid or semiliquid consumer products to be banned hazardous products under sections 8 and 9 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) (15 U.S.C. 2057 and 2058). This ban applies to those extremely flammable contact adhesives and similar liquid or semiliquid consumer products, as defined in Sec. 1302.3(b), which are in commerce or are being distributed in commerce on or after the effective date of this regulation, and which are consumer products (as defined in section 3(a) of the Act (15 U.S.C. 2052) customarily produced or distributed for sale to, or for the personal use, consumption or enjoyment of consumers in or around a permanent or temporary household or residence, a school, in recreation or otherwise. (b) An extremely flammable contact adhesive as defined in Sec. 1302.3(b) is a banned hazardous product if the manufacturer, distributor, or retailer customarily produces or distributes the product for sale to, or use by consumers, or if the manufacturer, distributor, or retailer fosters or facilitates the product's sale to, or use by, consumers. For example, contact adhesives available in retail stores, such as lumber yards or hardware stores, for sale to consumers would be included in the scope of the ban even though such outlets may sell such products primarily to industrial or professional users. The manufacturer who markets an extremely flammable contact adhesive which would be subject to the ban if sold to consumers has the responsibility for determining the distribution and use patterns of its product and for taking all reasonable steps to ensure that the product is not made available for sale to consumers. The test of whether a contact adhesive is banned shall be whether the product, under any customary or reasonably foreseeable condition of distribution, or sale, is made available for purchase by consumers. (c) Contact adhesives that are labeled as, marketed, and sold solely for industrial or professional use are not within the scope of this ban. However, merely labeling a contact adhesive for industrial or professional use only would not exclude such products from this ban. In addition, packaging a contact adhesive in a large size container would not in itself exclude the product from this ban. (d) The Commission has found that the contact adhesives covered by this ban are being, or will be distributed in commerce; and present an unreasonable risk of injury; and that no feasible consumer product safety standard under the CPSA would adequately protect the public from the unreasonable risk of injury associated with these products. Sec. 1302.2 Purpose. The purpose of this rule is to ban extremely flammable contact adhesives which have been found to present an unreasonable risk of injury to consumers of burns resulting from explosive and flashback fire. Sec. 1302.3 Definitions. (a) The definitions in section 3 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2052) apply to this part 1302. (b) The term extremely flammable contact adhesive and similar liquid or semiliquid consumer products means consumer products that have each of the following product characteristics: (1) Show a flash point at or below 20 degrees Farenheit as determined by the Tagliabue open-cup test method prescribed by 16 CFR 1500.43; and [[Page 536]] (2) Are intended to be applied to two surfaces to be bonded together and allowed to dry partially until there is little residual tack, and adhere to themselves instantaneously when the coated surfaces are joined under low or moderate pressure; and (3) Are composed of a high percentage (70-90 percent by weight) of solvents and a low percentage of solids (10-30 percent by weight); and (4) Are substances that are non-aerosols and are free-flowing, having a wet viscosity within the range of 300-6,000 centipoise at 70 degrees Fahrenheit when measured by an RVF Brookfield viscometer; and (5) Are packaged in containers of more than one-half pint. (c) The term flash point means the lowest temperature corrected to a pressure of 101.3 RPa (1013 millibars) of a substance at which application of an ignition source causes the vapor above the substance to ignite under specified conditions of test. A blue light (blue halo) or other colored light which sometimes surrounds the test flame should not be confused with the true ignition of the vapors (flash point). (d) Initial introduction into commerce occurs when the manufacturer ships a product covered by this regulation from a facility of the manufacturer to a distributor, retailer, or consumer. Sec. 1302.4 Banned hazardous products. Any extremely flammable contact adhesive and similar liquid or semiliquid consumer product as defined in Sec. 1302.3 (b), which has been manufactured or initially introduced into commerce after January 17, 1978, is a banned hazardous product. In addition, any other extremely flammable contact adhesive and similar liquid or semiliquid consumer product, as defined in Sec. 1302.3(b), no matter when manufactured or initially introduced into commerce, is a banned hazardous product after June 13, 1978. Sec. 1302.5 Findings. (a) The degree and nature of the risk of injury. The Commission finds that the risk of injury which this regulation is designed to eliminate or reduce is the risk of injury of burns from explosive vapor ignition and flashback fire associated with extremely flammable contact adhesives as defined in this rule. (1) Degree of the risk of injury presented by extremely flammable contact adhesives. (i) In October 1976, the Commission's staff prepared a report entitled Hazard Analysis on Contact Adhesive Fires. According to the Hazard Analysis, three factors that measure burn severity are percent of body burned, days hospitalized, and whether clothing ignition occurs. Injury data sources summarized in the Hazard Analysis reveal that contact adhesive fires often result in a high percent of body burned, result in many days hospitalized, and usually involve clothing ignition burns. (ii) The American Burn Association (ABA) participated in a special survey with the Commission to obtain an estimate of the incidence and severity of burns associated with the use of contact adhesive cements. In January 1976, the President of the ABA sent a letter to the 1,300 ABA members asking the members to record any thermal injuries or deaths that have occurred between January 1975 and March 1976 associated with contact adhesives. In November 1976, the Chairman of the ABA Committee on Burn Prevention submitted a statement to the Commission estimating that between 45 and 125 contact adhesive related injuries are treated annually in hospital emergency rooms. Although ABA members reported an annual rate of 20 severe burn injuries for the January 1975 to March 1976 period, the actual rate of severe burn injuries may be higher, since only approximately 400 hospitals, less than 10 percent of the country's short-term hospitals, are represented in ABA membership. The results of the ABA survey, as reported by the ABA Chairman, showed that the injuries treated by members resulted in an average hospitalization of 42 days, almost double the length of stay for all burn victims in special facilities for burns. According to the ABA Chairman, when a burn victim experiences such a lengthy stay, it is an indication of very severe injury and predicts a lengthy period of recuperation and potentially permanent physical and psychological consequences. [[Page 537]] (iii) The Hazard Analysis prepared by the Commission's staff also contains a summary of the results of the ABA survey. According to the Commission's staff, the ABA survey revealed 33 incidents with sufficient details for analysis. Nine of the victims died from their burns and 21 were hospitalized. The average body area burned was 40 percent. In addition, the victims' clothing ignited on all except three of the 33 victims. (iv) The Hazard Analysis also contains a summary of contact adhesive related fires in the National Fire Protection Association's (NFPA) Fire Incident Data Organization (FIDO), a computerized file of fire experience that includes data collected from 1971 to 1975. The NFPA files contained reports of 38 fires from 1971 to 1975, seven of which occurred in residences. These seven fires resulted in injuries to fifteen persons and deaths to three persons. (v) In addition to the above injury information, the Hazard Analysis also indicates that the Commission has received three death certificates specifying the involvement of an adhesive. (vi) According to the hazard analysis, after cases from the various data sources were verified as being mutually exclusive, at least 130 persons have been injured in contact adhesive fires since 1970. Fifteen of these persons subsequently died from the injuries they sustained in these accidents. (vii) Technical analysis of extremely flammable contact adhesives by the Commission's staff indicates that the degree of the hazard associated with these products is such that as little as one pint of extremely flammable contact adhesive may produce a substantial explosion hazard. (2) Nature of the risk of injury presented by flammable contact adhesives. (i) Technical analysis of these substances by the Commission's staff indicates that extremely flammable contact adhesives have a low flash point (20 [deg]F or below), a rapid evaporation rate (as a result of a high percentage of solvents, 70-90 percent by weight), a low percentage of solids, 10-30 percent by weight, and a low wet- viscosity (300-6,000 centipoise when measured by an RVF Brookfield viscometer). (ii) Flash point, viscosity, low solid to high solvent ratio, evaporation rate, size of the application area, and rate of application are factors which determine the potential for creating an ignitable vapor situation. The rapid rate of evaporation of extremely volatile, low flash point solvents from extremely flammable contact adhesives is capable of creating a highly explosive atmosphere. The flammable nature of these contact adhesives is such that the vaporized solvents from these products can be ignited by a sparking electric motor or an overlooked pilot light in an area remote from the site of use. Analysis of actual injury reports by the Commission's staff reveals that extremely flammable contact adhesives have, in fact, been ignited by many ignition sources including oven and stove pilot lights, water heater and furnace pilot lights, electric space heaters (without any visible flame), sparks from a refrigerator motor and a wall receptacle, and friction. Analysis of available injury reports has shown that these ignition sources are frequently located in areas of the house remote from the room in which the contact adhesive is being used. (iii) The possibility of ignition from a source in another room or another part of the house may well be overlooked by the public, in spite of warnings on the label of the product. Ignition of the vapors may result in a sudden, flash back fire from the source of vapor ignition to the container of adhesive with little or no warning to the consumer and with the potential for serious or fatal injury to the user or bystanders. The injury information available to the Commission shows that the vast majority of accidents occur while the product is being used for its intended purpose. The potential for serious injury, therefore, appears to be present during normal use of the product. (iv) Although the Commission has in the past required the extremely flammable contact adhesives now subject to this ban to bear minimum cautionary labeling for the hazard caused by the extreme flammability of the mixture, the Commission finds that this cautionary labeling is inadequate to protect the public. An analysis prepared [[Page 538]] by the Commission staff of the available injury data indicates that in spite of the cautionary labeling, accidents have continued to occur, inflicting serious injuries in much the same manner as those accidents that occurred prior to the issuance of the 1970 labeling regulation. The cautionary labeling presently required could be revised to include more explicit and graphic warnings. However, as a result of the degree and nature of the risk of injury presented by the product, this labeling would also provide inadequate protection to the public. The degree and nature of the risk of injury is such that a bystander or visitor could present an ignition source resulting in an accident. Since the bystander or visitor would not normally have an opportunity to read the warning label on the product, additional labeling would not benefit these potential victims. The possibility of ignition from a source in another room or another part of the house may well be overlooked by the public, in spite of warnings on the label of the product. (b) Products subject to this ban. (1) The products banned by this rule are listed in Sec. 1302.1. (2) The Commission finds that the types of products subject to this ban are those contact adhesives that are extremely flammable and are packaged in containers of more than one-half pint. The average annual consumption of all types of contact adhesives in the United States is estimated at approximately 25 million gallons. Of this, it is estimated that 4-5 million gallons are sold in containers of 1 gallon or less, the sizes consumers generally buy. Professional users are estimated to purchase about half of the contact adhesives in this size range with most purchases probably of gallon containers. Therefore, consumers probably purchase 2-2.5 million gallon of all contact adhesives, most of which is estimated to be in quart containers, and a smaller amount in containers of one pint or less. (3) In early 1976, contact adhesive sales were estimated as 80 percent extremely flammable, 10 percent chlorinated-solvent based, and 10 percent water-based. Since that time, a flammable petroleum solvent based contact adhesive has been developed and there has been a trend away from extremely flammable to flammable and nonflammable for consumer use. Although this trend is evident, reliable estimates of current market shares are not available. A rough estimate would be that perhaps 50 percent of contact adhesives in container sizes of more than one-half pint to 1 gallon are extremely flammable. (c) Need of the public for the products and effects of the rule on their utility, cost, and availability. (1) The need for contact adhesives. Contact adhesives are used primarily for bonding plastic laminates to counter and table tops, for applying tile board to walls, and for applying some types of flooring. Other uses include bonding metals, wood, leather, linoleum, tiles, rubber and plastics. Contact adhesives may also be used in furniture construction and repairs. There are contact adhesives available other than the extremely flammable type and other alternatives to contact adhesives that consumers can use. (2) Probable effects of the ban on the utility of contact adhesives. Of the three general types of contact adhesive other than extremely flammable contact adhesives, flammable and non-flammable (chlorinated) contact adhesives have about the same general performance characteristics as extremely flammable contact adhesives. Therefore, because these two products are available to the public, the Commission believes the ban will have little impact on the utility of contact adhesives. In terms of performance characteristics, there is little difference between flammable and extremely flammable contact adhesives. Although the extremely flammable product requires approximately 10 minutes of drying time before the item can be bonded, the flammable product requires about 20 minutes. This difference in time is not likely to be significant for most consumers who do ordinary home improvement or repair work. The performance characteristics of non-flammable chlorinated based contact adhesives are similar to those of the extremely flammable type for most applications. Non-flammable chlorinated based contact adhesives may be unacceptable for applications [[Page 539]] involving leather. Water based contact adhesives may not be as satisfactory, in terms of performance characteristics, as the other contact adhesives. The drying time for water-based contact adhesives varies with humidity. Although manufacturers of water-based neoprene contact adhesives claim that their products will dry in 30 minutes, for most of the country a drying time from one to four hours is probably more realistic. It is possible that the adhesive will never dry in some areas of the country with very high humidity. The time needed for the adhesive to adhere after joining (open time) will also vary with the humidity. Water-based acrylic contact adhesives are similar to neoprene type adhesives in terms of the effect of humidity on drying time. The neoprene and acrylic based adhesives are not completely satisfactory for binding some substances with non-porous surfaces, such as metals. In addition, the water in these adhesives might have an adverse effect on leather. Neoprene water-based adhesives may become unstable if frozen and thawed several times. This may occur during shipping or storage in some areas of the country during deaths associated with the extreme winter. To the extent that injuries and flammable contact adhesives are reduced or eliminated as a result of the ban, the utility of contact adhesives will be increased. (3) Probable effects of the ban upon the cost of contact adhesives. For gallon containers, the Commission estimates that the contact adhesives available as substitutes for the extremely flammable type may cost in the range of $1-$6 more than the extremely flammable type. Although a gallon of extremely flammable contact adhesive may cost $7.50-$10.50, a gallon of flammable contact adhesive may cost from $8- $11, a gallon of nonflammable chlorinated base contact adhesive may cost from $12-$15, a gallon of water-based neoprene contact adhesive may cost from $11-$16, and a gallon of water-based acrylic contact adhesive may cost from $10-$15. (4) Probable effect of the ban on the availability of contact adhesives to meet the need of the public. The Commission estimates that the ban will not have any effect on the availability or use of contact adhesives. Manufacturers are most likely to switch production to flammable petroleum-based and to 1,1,1,-trichloroethane (1,1,1,-TCE) based or water-based contact adhesives. (d) Alternatives. (1) The Commission has considered other means of achieving the objective of this rule, such as labeling, but has found none that would achieve the objective of this ban, consistent with the public health and safety. (2) The Commission believes that any adverse effects of the ban should be minimal and would be expected to be confined to some shift in distribution patterns to accommodate professional users, including methods of distinguishing between professional users and consumers. (3) The Commission finds that competition should not be significantly affected by this rule. (e) Conclusion. The Commission finds that this rule, including its effective date, is reasonably necessary to eliminate or reduce the unreasonable risk of injury of burns from explosive vapor ignition and flashback fire that is associated with the banned products described in Sec. 1302.3(b). The Commission also finds that issuance of the rule is in the public interest. The Commission also finds that no feasible consumer product safety standard under the act would adequately protect the public from the unreasonable risk of injury associated with the product. Sec. 1302.6 Effective date. This rule becomes effective January 18, 1978. PART 1303_BAN OF LEAD-CONTAINING PAINT AND CERTAIN CONSUMER PRODUCTS BEARING LEAD-CONTAINING PAINT--Table of Contents Sec. 1303.1 Scope and application. 1303.2 Definitions. 1303.3 Exemptions. 1303.4 Banned hazardous products. 1303.5 Findings. Authority: Secs. 8, 9, 86 Stat. 1215-1217, as amended 90 Stat. 506, 122 Stat. 3016, (15 U.S.C. 2057, 2058), Sec. 101, 122 Stat. 3016. [[Page 540]] Source: 42 FR 44199, Sept. 1, 1977, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1303.1 Scope and application. (a) In this part 1303, the Consumer Product Safety Commission declares that paint and similar surface-coating materials for consumer use that contain lead or lead compounds and in which the lead content (calculated as lead metal) is in excess of 0.06 percent (0.06 percent is reduced to 0.009 percent effective August 14, 2009 as mandated by Congress in section 101(f) of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, Pub. L. 110-314) of the weight of the total nonvolatile content of the paint or the weight of the dried paint film (which paint and similar surface-coating materials are referred to hereafter as ``lead-containing paint'') are banned hazardous products under sections 8 and 9 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA), 15 U.S.C. 2057, 2058. The following consumer products are also declared to be banned hazardous products: (1) Toys and other articles intended for use by children that bear ``lead-containing paint''. (2) Furniture articles for consumer use that bear ``lead-containing paint''. (b) This ban applies to the products in the categories described in paragraph (a) of this section that are manufactured after February 27, 1978, and which are ``consumer products'' as that term is defined in section 3(a)(1) of the Consumer Product Safety Act. Accordingly, those of the products described above that are customarily produced or distributed for sale to or for use, consumption, or enjoyment of consumers in or around a household, in schools, in recreation, or otherwise are covered by the regulation. Paints and coatings for motor vehicles and boats are not included within the scope of the ban because they are outside the statutory definition of ``consumer product''. In addition to those products which are sold directly to consumers, the ban applies to products which are used or enjoyed by consumers after sale, such as paints used in residences, schools, hospitals, parks, playgrounds, and public buildings or other areas where consumers will have direct access to the painted surface. (c) The Commission has issued the ban because it has found that there is an unreasonable risk of lead poisoning in children associated with lead content of over 0.06 percent in paints and coatings to which children have access and that no feasible consumer product safety standard under the CPSA would adequately protect the public from this risk. The 0.06 percent is reduced to 0.009 percent effective August 14, 2009 as mandated by Congress in section 101(f) of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, Public Law 110-314. (d) Any ban or rule promulgated under 16 CFR 1303.1 shall be considered a regulation of the Commission promulgated under or for the enforcement of section 2(q) of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (15 U.S.C. 1261(q)). [42 FR 44199, Sept. 1, 1977, as amended at 73 FR 77493, Dec. 19, 2008] Sec. 1303.2 Definitions. (a) The definitions in section 3 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2052) shall apply to this part 1303. (b) For purposes of this part: (1) Paint and other similar surface-coating materials means a fluid, semi-fluid, or other material, with or without a suspension of finely divided coloring matter, which changes to a solid film when a thin layer is applied to a metal, wood, stone, paper, leather, cloth, plastic, or other surface. This term does not include printing inks or those materials which actually become a part of the substrate, such as the pigment in a plastic article, or those materials which are actually bonded to the substrate, such as by electroplating or ceramic glazing. (2) Lead-containing paint means paint or other similar surface coating materials containing lead or lead compounds and in which the lead content (calculated as lead metal) is in excess of 0.06 percent (0.06 percent is reduced to 0.009 percent effective August 14, 2009) by weight of the total nonvolatile content of the paint or the weight of the dried paint film. (3) Toys and other articles intended for use by children means those toys and other articles which are intended to be entrusted to or for use by children. [[Page 541]] This would not include all articles to which children might have access simply because they are present in a household. (4) Furniture article means those movable articles: (i) Used to support people or things; (ii) other functional or decorative furniture articles, including, but not limited to, products such as beds, bookcases, chairs, chests, tables, dressers, desks, pianos, console televisions, and sofas. The term ``furniture article'' does not include appliances, such as ranges, refrigerators, dishwashers, clothes washers and dryers, air conditioners, humidifiers, and dehumidifiers; fixtures such as bathroom fixtures, built-in cabinets, chandeliers, windows, and doors; or household items such as window shades, venetian blinds, or wall hangings and draperies. [42 FR 44199, Sept. 1, 1977, as amended at 73 FR 77493, Dec. 19, 2008] Sec. 1303.3 Exemptions. (a) The categories of products listed in paragraph (b) of this section are exempted from the scope of the ban established by this part 1303, provided: (1) That these products bear on the main panel of their label, in addition to any labeling that may be otherwise required, the signal word ``Warning'' (unless some other signal word is required) and the following statement: ``Contains Lead. Dried Film of This Paint May Be Harmful If Eaten or Chewed.'' (2)(i) That these products also bear on their label the following additional statement or its practical equivalent: Do not apply on toys and other children's articles, furniture, or interior surfaces of any dwelling or facility which may be occupied or used by children. Do not apply on exterior surfaces of dwelling units, such as window sills, porches, stairs, or railings, to which children may be commonly exposed. Keep out of reach of children. (ii) If the statement required by the preceding paragraph (a)(2)(i) is placed on a label panel other than the main panel, the label statement required to be on the main panel by paragraph (a)(1) of this section shall contain the following additional statement: ``See other cautions on ____ (insert `side' or `back', as appropriate) panel.'' (3) That the placement, conspicuousness, and contrast of the label statements required by this section (a) comply with the requirements of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act at 16 CFR 1500.121. (b) The following products are exempt from the scope of the ban established by this part 1303, provided they comply with the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section: (1) Agricultural and industrial equipment refinish coatings. (2) Industrial (and commercial) building and equipment maintenance coatings, including traffic and safety marking coatings. (3) Graphic art coatings (i.e., products marketed solely for application on billboards, road signs, and similar uses and for identification marking in industrial buildings). (4) Touchup coatings for agricultural equipment, lawn and garden equipment, and appliances. (5) Catalyzed coatings marketed solely for use on radio-controlled model powered aircraft. (c) The following products are exempt from the scope of the ban established by part 1303 (no cautionary labeling is required): (1) Mirrors which are part of furniture articles to the extent that they bear lead-containing backing paint. (2) Artists' paints and related materials. (3) Metal furniture articles (but not metal children's furniture) bearing factory-applied (lead) coatings. [42 FR 44199, Sept. 1, 1977, as amended at 43 FR 8515, Mar. 2, 1978] Sec. 1303.4 Banned hazardous products. The following consumer products, manufactured after February 27, 1978, unless exempted by Sec. 1303.3, are banned hazardous products (see definitions in Sec. 1303.2): (a) Paint and other similar surface-coating materials which are ``lead-containing paint.'' (b) Toys and other articles intended for use by children that bear ``lead-containing paint.'' (c) Furniture articles that bear ``lead-containing paint.'' [[Page 542]] Sec. 1303.5 Findings. (a) The degree and nature of the risk of injury. (1) The Commission finds that the risk of injury which this regulation is designed to eliminate or reduce is lead poisoning in children. The adverse effects of this poisoning in children can cause a range of disorders such as hyperactivity, slowed learning ability, withdrawal, blindness, and even death. The final Environmental Impact Statement on Lead in Paint which is on file with the President's Council on Environmental Quality (and available for inspection in the Office of the Secretary) contains in appendix A a detailed discussion of the health effects of lead in paint. These effects will only be summarized here. (2) Lead is a cumulative toxic heavy metal which, in humans, exerts its effects on the renal, hematopoietic, and nervous systems. Newer concepts indicate that there are three stages to childhood lead poisoning. The adverse health effects in the first stage are not clinically present but metabolic changes can be observed. During the second stage or symptomatic stage such symptoms as loss of appetite, vomiting, apathy, drowsiness, and inability to coordinate voluntary muscle movements occur. The after effects of this stage include seizure disorders as well as various behavioral and functional disorders which are often included under the heading of minimal brain dysfunction. Studies suggest that this syndrome may include hyperactivity, impulsive behavior, prolonged reaction time, perceptual disorders and slowed learning ability. The adverse health effects of the third stage may be permanent and can include blindness, mental retardation, behavior disorders, and death. (3) The Commission notes that children with pica are of special concern with regard to lead poisoning. Pica, the repetitive ingestion of nonfood substances, occurs in 50 percent of children between the ages of one and three, and studies indicate that at this age lead is absorbed more rapidly than lead is absorbed in adults. Pica for paint is believed to be episodic and can occur 2 to 3 times a week. (4) The Commission also notes that there are no reports of injuries caused by lead paint poisoning in the Commission's National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) data, which reflect hospital emergency room treatment. Lead paint poisonings result from a chronic hazard rather than from an acute hazard of the type generally treated in emergency rooms; and NEISS reporting, therefore, does not reflect this type of chronic hazard or injuries. (5) Former U.S. Surgeon-General Jesse L. Steinfeld, however, estimated in 1971 that 400,000 pre-school American children have elevated body lead burdens. The National Bureau of Standards in 1972 estimated that 600,000 young children have unduly high lead blood content. (b) Products subject to this ban. (1) The products banned by this rule are listed in Sec. 1303.4. (2) The term paint comprises a variety of coating materials such as interior and exterior household paints, varnishes, lacquers, stains, enamels, primers, and similar coatings formulated for use on various surfaces. Based on 1976 data, the Commission estimates that over 400 million gallons of paint a year valued at approximately $2.5 billion could potentially be subject to this rule. (3) All products commonly known as toys and other articles intended for the use of children are subject to this rule. The categories of products within this classification are numerous and include items and equipment for play, amusement, education, physical fitness, and care of children. Retail sales in 1976 of products considered to be toys or other articles intended for use of children are estimated at around $4 billion. (4) For the purposes of this rule, furniture articles are certain movable articles used to support people or things or other functional or decorative furniture articles such as couches, beds, tables, chairs, chests, and the like. Appliances and similar equipment, household fixtures, and certain other household items such as window shades, blinds, wall hangings, and the like are not included within the definition of furniture. The regulation applies to furniture for use in households, schools, in recreation, or otherwise. In [[Page 543]] 1972, the value of shipments of items of furniture such as those named above was as follows: wood household furniture $2,716 million; metal household furniture $859 million; wood television and radio cabinets $293 million; and $190 million for other household furniture made of plastic, reed and rattan. (Not included in the above are some $2 billion worth of upholstered furniture and $300 million in convertible sofas, chair beds and studio couches.) (c) Need of the public for the products and effects of the rule on their utility, cost, and availability. (1) The public need for paints of various types and for furniture and other articles is substantial and well established. The Commission finds that the need of the public for paint containing more than 0.06 percent lead or for the affected products that are coated with materials containing more than 0.06 percent lead is limited. The Commission has determined that there are products containing more than the 0.06 percent level of lead which meet a public need and for which substitutes are either not available or are not sufficiently effective and to which access by children to the coatings or the surfaces to which they are applied is unlikely. Accordingly, these products have been specifically exempted from the scope of the regulation in Sec. 1303.3. (2) The Commission finds that the effects of this rule on the cost, utility, and availability of paints and painted articles will be small. The Commission notes that over 95 percent of latex-based and nearly 70 percent of oil-based paints have lead levels at or below the level set by part 1303. (i) Costs. The Commission estimates that the added costs to the consumer for paints affected by this rule will not exceed 5 to 10 cents per gallon. Costs to consumers for furniture and for toys and other articles intended for the use of children are not expected to increase as the result of compliance with the regulation. (ii) Utility. The Commission finds that for water-based or latex paints and coatings subject to this rule, reducing the amount of allowable lead to 0.06 percent will not have adverse effects on their utility. For certain solvent-thinned coatings, however, lead driers will have to be replaced by non-lead driers such as zirconium to comply with the 0.06 percent level (Driers are not used in latex paints). An impact on the paint industry may result because current nonlead driers may not dry satisfactorily in low temperatures or high humidity conditions, and so the painting industry in some areas at certain times of the year may suffer a reduction of effective painting time. (iii) Availability. Substitutes at comparable prices are available for paints and for products banned by this rule. The Commission believes that the reduction of lead to a level of 0.06 percent will not affect the availabilty of water-based or latex paints. Sales of such coatings currently exceed sales of solvent-based coatings, and because of the drying problem mentioned above, the trend toward increased use of water- based paints may be accelerated somewhat by the effects of the ban. (d) Alternatives. (1) The Commission has considered other means of achieving the objective of this rule, but has found none that would cause less disruption or dislocation of manufacturing and other commercial practices, consistent with public health and safety. (2) The Commission estimates that this ban may, because of testing costs and the necessity for improved housekeeping practices in the manufacture of paint and similar surface-coating materials to prevent lead contaimination, have some relatively minor adverse effect on individual firms within some markets. (3) The Commission, however, finds that competition will not be adversely affected by this rule. Although costs of reformulation and testing may be relatively higher for small manufacturers than large manufacturers, these costs are not so onerous as to lead to greater concentration in the industry. The period of time before the effective date is sufficient to minimize problems of compliance with the rule. (4) The reduction of the permissible level of lead in paint will affect paint manufacturers, raw materials suppliers, professional and non-professional painters, and manufacturers of furniture and children's articles. For [[Page 544]] those producers of paint which are already subject to the regulations under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (FHSA), the impact of this CPSA ban will involve only a change to non-lead driers since lead pigments are precluded from practical use under the 0.5 percent lead restriction now in effect under the FHSA (16 CFR 1500.17(a)(6)). The manufacturers of some painted furniture who were not affected by the 0.5 percent limit under the FHSA may now be, if they use lead pigments or driers. Producers of children's articles who were subject to the 0.5 percent FHSA limit will have to ensure that the paint they use conforms to the 0.06 percent level. (e) Conclusion. The Commission finds that this rule, including its effective date, is reasonably necessary to eliminate or reduce the unreasonable risk of lead poisoning of young children that is associated with the banned products which are described in Sec. 1303.4 and that promulgation of the rule is in the public interest. PART 1304_BAN OF CONSUMER PATCHING COMPOUNDS CONTAINING RESPIRABLE FREE-FORM ASBESTOS--Table of Contents Sec. 1304.1 Scope and application. 1304.2 Purpose. 1304.3 Definitions. 1304.4 Consumer patching compounds as banned hazardous products. 1304.5 Findings. Authority: Secs. 8, 9, 86 Stat. 1215-1217, as amended 90 Stat. 506, 15 U.S.C. 2057, 2058. Source: 42 FR 63362, Dec. 15, 1977, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1304.1 Scope and application. (a) In this part 1304 the Consumer Product Safety Commission declares that consumer patching compounds containing intentionally-added respirable freeform asbestos in such a manner that the asbestos fibers can become airborne under reasonably foreseeable conditions of use, are banned hazardous products under sections 8 and 9 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) (15 U.S.C. 2057 and 2058). This ban applies to patching compounds which are (1) used to cover, seal or mask cracks, joints, holes and similar openings in the trim, walls, ceiling, etc. of building interiors, which after drying are sanded to a smooth finish and (2) are produced and distributed for sale to or for the personal use, consumption or enjoyment of a consumer in or around a permanent or temporary household or residence, a school, in recreation or otherwise. (b) The Commission has found that (1) these patching compounds are being or will be distributed in commerce; (2) that they present an unreasonable risk of injury; and (3) that no feasible consumer product safety standard under the CPSA would adequately protect the public from the unreasonable risk of injury associated with these products. This rule applies to the banned hazardous products defined in Sec. 1304.3 and described further in Sec. 1304.4. (c) Only consumer products are subject to this regulation. Patching compounds which are consumer products include those which a consumer can purchase. Merely labeling a patching compound for industrial use would not exclude such articles from the ban. If the sale or use of the product by consumers is facilitated, it is subject to the ban. Patching compounds which are labeled as, marketed, and sold solely for industrial use in non-consumer environments are not subject to the ban. In addition to those products which can be sold directly to consumers, the ban applies to patching compounds containing respirable free-form asbestos which are used in residences, schools, hospitals, public buildings or other areas where consumers have customary access. Sec. 1304.2 Purpose. The purpose of this rule is to ban consumer patching compounds containing intentionally added respirable, free-form asbestos. These products present an unreasonable risk of injury due to inhalation of fibers which increase the risk of developing cancer, including lung cancer and mesothelioma, diseases which have been demonstrated to be caused by exposure to asbestos fibers. [[Page 545]] Sec. 1304.3 Definitions. (a) The definitions in section 3 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2052) apply to this part 1304. (b) Asbestos means a group of mineral fibers composed of hydrated silicates, oxygen, hydrogen, and other elements such as sodium, iron, magnesium, and calcium in diverse combinations and are: Amosite, chrysotile, crocidolite, anthophyllite asbestos, actinolite asbestos, and tremolite asbestos. (c) Free-form asbestos is that which is not bound, or otherwise ``locked-in'' to a product by resins or other bonding agents, or which can readily become airborne with any reasonably foreseeable use. (d) Patching compounds are mixtures of talc, pigments, clays, casein, ground marble, mica or other similar materials and a binding material such as asbestos which are sold in a dry form ready to be mixed with water, or such combinations in ready-mix paste form. (e) Consumer patching compounds are those that are customarily produced or distributed for sale to or for the personal use, consumption or enjoyment of consumers in or around a permanent or temporary household or residence, a school, in recreation or otherwise. The Commission considers that patching compounds for application in these consumer environments are either distributed for sale to or are for the personal use or enjoyment of consumers. (f) Intentionally-added asbestos is asbestos which is (1) added deliberately as an ingredient intended to impart specific characteristics; or, (2) contained in the final product as the result of knowingly using a raw material containing asbestos. Whenever a manufacturer finds out that the finished product contains asbestos, the manufacturer will be considered as knowingly using a raw material containing asbestos, unless the manufacturer takes steps to reduce the asbestos to the maximum extent feasible. (g) Initial introduction into commerce occurs when the manufacturer ships a product covered by this regulation from a facility of the manufacturer to a distributor, retailer, or user. Sec. 1304.4 Consumer patching compounds as banned hazardous products. On the basis that airborne asbestos fibers present the hazards of cancer, including lung cancer and mesothelioma to the public, consumer patching compounds containing intentionally-added, respirable free-form asbestos, which have been manufactured or initially introduced into commerce after January 16, 1978, are banned hazardous products. In addition, all other consumer patching compounds containing intentionally-added, respirable free-form asbestos, no matter when manufactured or initially introduced into commerce, are banned hazardous products after June 11, 1978. Sec. 1304.5 Findings. (a) The degree and nature of the risk of injury. The Commission finds that the risk of injury which this regulation is designed to eliminate or reduce is from cancer, including lung cancer and mesothelioma. In assessing the degree and nature of the risk of injury to consumers, the Commission has reviewed experimental data and human experience information. The Commission noted that in the scientific literature, there is general agreement that there is no known threshold level below which exposure to respirable free-form asbestos would be considered safe. Further, on the basis of such scientific opinion, it appears to the Commission that children are particularly vulnerable to carcinogens because of their longer potential lifetime and their rapid rate of growth. In areas of the country where asbestos may not be prevalent in the environment, the major risk of exposure for children and others may occur in the household. In areas of the country where more asbestos fibers are present in the environment, the public is exposed to additional risks from the presence of asbestos fibers in households and other consumer environments. The Commission concluded on the basis of these factors that consumer patching compounds containing respirable free-form asbestos present an unreasonable risk of injury to the public. In addition, a risk assessment was made. For purposes of [[Page 546]] this assessment, the Commission considered the use of patching compounds by the consumer, for six hours a day four times a year, to be a high yet reasonably foreseeable exposure. The increased risk of death from respiratory cancer induced by this exposure is estimated at between 10 and 2,000 per million. For five years of exposure at these levels, the risk increases geometrically and is estimated at between 1,000 and 12,000 per million. The lower estimate of 10 per million is closer to the actual risk for a one-year exposure. Nevertheless, in view of the seriousness of the injury and the cumulative effects of asbestos exposure, even this minimum figure represents an unacceptable risk. The Commission believes that reducing exposure to respirable free-form asbestos in the home represents a substantial decrease in risk to consumers, since, for many people, the major exposure to inhalable asbestos is in the home. (b) Products subject to the ban. Consumer patching compounds as defined in Sec. 1034.3 (d), (e), (f) includes such products as drywall spackling compounds and tape joint compounds (commonly known as ``joint cement'' or ``tape joint mud''). The Commission estimates annual shipments of patching compounds subject to the ban at approximately 30- 50 million ``units,'' or individual packages, of various sizes from 0.5 to 25 pounds (dry) or 0.5 to 5 gallons (wet). The Commission believes that about half the patching compounds sold in 1977, and intended for sale to or use or enjoyment by consumers, were formulated with asbestos. Many others containing significant levels of asbestos contamination will also be affected by the ban. (c) Need of the public for the products and effects of the rule on their utility, cost and availability. Patching compounds, though used primarily by commercial construction workers, are also used by consumers, and are used for the patching and sealing of cracks and joints in and around the household and in other consumer environments either by consumers or professional applicators. The compounds are used to cover areas on gypsum drywall which might otherwise be aesthetically undesirable or which might lead to structural damage, energy loss or lower property value. The asbestos in these compounds acts as a structural reinforcing agent which helps to reduce cracking and shrinkage of the compound over time, and which renders the compound more pliable or ``workable'' upon application. (1) Utility. The elimination of asbestos from these products may result in the increased use or new development of substitutes which have similar properties to those of asbestos, or which impart similar qualities to the product. In current reformulations, asbestos is replaced by a combination of substances, of which the most common is attapulgite, a fibrous clay. Some non-asbestos formulations are reportedly not as effective as those containing asbestos in controlling shrinkage and cracking over time. The workability of some compounds may be diminished as well. This may adversely affect the utility derived from the product by consumers, and by professional contractors until such time as improved formulations are developed and available to end- users. (2) Cost. Asbestos-free patching compound formulations may require more time to use. This would tend to increase the direct labor costs of residential and other construction and renovation. The expected increase is between 10 and 25 percent. The Commission estimates that the annual labor cost of drywall finishing in these consumer environments is on the order of $1 billion. The use of nonasbestos patching compound formulations in all applications may increase this cost by $50-$125 million, assuming that roughly half the current labor costs (i.e., that portion now associated with the use of asbestos formulations) are affected by the 10-25 percent increase. The burden of this cost is expected to fall directly on owners of existing homes who may engage in some renovation, and on purchasers of newly-renovated or newly- constructed homes. These increased costs are expected to diminish over time as formulations improve and as applicators become more accustomed to using nonasbestos formulations. The use of asbestos substitutes may also lead to cost increases in the manufacture of patching compounds. The Commission [[Page 547]] estimates this cost, which may vary widely from firm to firm, at an average of 5-15 percent. This is made up primarily of increased costs of raw materials and of formulation research and development. It is expected that the price of many patching compounds may rise as a result. Producers, distributors, and retailers of patching compounds may also have to incur costs associated with the disposal of products in inventory. The Commission estimates that the wholesale value of manufacturers' and distributors' inventories at the time the ban becomes effective will be approximately $15 million. These costs may be reflected in the prices charged for asbestos-free patching compound formulations, and in the prices of other drywall and paint products. It appears that, because of competitive pressure from asbestos-containing compounds, producers of asbestos-free formulations have not yet passed on to purchasers their increased costs. If the increased production costs of asbestos-free formulations can be passed on completely as a result of the ban, the total annual price effect for the year following the issuance of the ban may be $10-$60 million. The magnitude of this effect may be reduced significantly in successive years following the issuance of the ban as producers' development costs are amortized, as raw materials become more widely available, and as price competition is strengthened because of market pressure and economies of sale associated with production. (3) Availability. The supply of asbestos substitutes, particularly attapulgite clay and relatively uncontaminated talc, for use in the manufacture of patching compounds may be insufficient to meet the short- run demand which is expected to be stimulated by the promulgation of the ban. Further, many small producers probably lack the technical capability to reformulate their products, and may be forced to cease production, at least until formulations of satisfactory cost and performance are developed. This may affect some professional contractors. In the short run, consumers may be indirectly affected by delays in drywall finishing and building completion. (d) Any means of achieving the objective of the ban while minimizing adverse effects on competition or disruption or dislocation of manufacturing and other commercial practices consistent with the public health and safety. The adverse effects of the ban on patching compounds containing asbestos is reduced by limiting the ban to intentionally added asbestos. Other alternatives such as limiting the scope of the ban only to products purchased and used by consumers or to issuing a ban with a later effective date, were considered by the Commission. However, none was found that would cause less disruption or dislocation of manufacturing and other commercial practices, consistent with public health and safety. PART 1305_BAN OF ARTIFICIAL EMBERIZING MATERIALS (ASH AND EMBERS) CONTAINING RESPIRABLE FREE-FORM ASBESTOS--Table of Contents Sec. 1305.1 Scope and application. 1305.2 Purpose. 1305.3 Definitions. 1305.4 Artificial fireplace ash and embers as banned hazardous products. 1305.5 Findings. Authority: Secs. 8, 9, 30(d), Pub. L. 92-573, as amended, Pub. L. 94-284; 86 Stat. 1215-17, as amended, 90 Stat. 506 (15 U.S.C. 2057, 2058). Source: 42 FR 63364, Dec. 15, 1977, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1305.1 Scope and application. In this part 1305 the Consumer Product Safety Commission declares that artificial emberizing materials (ash and embers) containing respirable free-form asbestos generally packaged in an emberizing kit for use in fireplaces, and designed for use in such a manner that the asbestos fibers can become airborne under reasonably foreseeable conditions of use are banned hazardous products under sections 8 and 9 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) (15 U.S.C. 2057 and 2058). This ban applies to artificial emberizing materials available in separate kits or with artificial fireplace logs for use in fireplaces and sprinkled or coated by consumers on the artificial logs to simulate live embers and ashes and give a glowing appearance when subjected to high [[Page 548]] temperatures. Bags of material containing asbestos that are sold separately to be sprinkled on and under artificial logs to simulate burning and glowing ashes also come within the scope of this ban. Sec. 1305.2 Purpose. The purpose of this rule is to ban artificial emberizing materials containing respirable free-form asbestos. These products present an unreasonable risk of injury due to inhalation of fibers which increase the risk of developing cancers such as lung cancer and mesothelioma, diseases which have been demonstrated to be caused by exposure to asbestos fibers. Sec. 1305.3 Definitions. (a) The definitions in section 3 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2052) apply to this part 1305. (b) Asbestos means a group of mineral fibers composed of hydrated silicates, oxygen, hydrogen and other elements such as sodium, iron, magnesium and calcium in diverse combinations and are: Amosite, chrysotile, crocidolite, anthophyllite asbestos, actinolite asbestos, and tremolite asbestos. (c) Free-form asbestos is that which is not bound, woven, or otherwise ``locked-in'' to a product by resins or other bonding agents, or those from which fibers can readily become airborne with any reasonably foreseeable use. (d) Emberizing materials means an asbestos-containing material generally packed in an ``emberizing'' kit to be placed under artificial logs in gas-burning fireplace systems or in artificial fireplaces for decorative purposes. The product is also glued to artificial logs, either at a factory or by a consumer using an emberizing kit. (Synthetic logs manufactured of cellulostic products which are consumed by flames are not included in this definition. Electric artificial logs and artificial ash beds used in electric fireplaces, which do not contain respirable free-form asbestos are not included in this definition.) Sec. 1305.4 Artificial fireplace ash and embers as banned hazardous products. On the basis that airborne asbestos fibers present the hazards of cancer such as lung cancer and mesothelioma to the public, artificial fireplace ash and embers containings respirable free-form asbestos are banned hazardous products. Sec. 1305.5 Findings. (a) The degree and nature of the risk of injury. The Commission finds that the risk of injury which this regulation is designed to eliminate or reduce is from cancer, including lung cancer and mesothelioma. Measurements are not available of the amounts of asbestos in the air from asbestos-containing emberizing materials in homes. However, it appears that the amount of airborne asbestos in such homes would increase when air currents in the home are created by downdrafts from a fireplace chimney or other activities that stir air in any room. Since emberizing materials may contain up to 50 percent asbestos, which if not permanently bound into artificial fireplace logs would be in respirable form, the risk associated with emberizing materials is considerable, especially since it continues to exist 24 hours a day. (b) Products subject to the ban. Artificial emberizing materials are decorative simulated ashes or embers, used in certain gas-buring fireplace systems, which glow to give the appearance of real burning embers. The material is sprinkled on or glued to gas logs, or sprinkled on fireplace floors. (c) Need of the public for the products and effects of the rule on their utility, cost, and availability. Artificial fireplace emberizing material serves a strictly decorative purpose and does not materially affect the actual performance of the fireplace gas system in terms of its ability to provide heat. A certain degree of aesthetic desirability exists, however, since the product ``system'' itself (the gas log, ashes, and embers) is intended to simulate burning wooden logs. Gas logs may be sold with artificial emberizing material attached at the factory (the log commonly referred to as being ``frosted''), or with the ``embers'' in a separate kit, [[Page 549]] often mixed with simulated ``ashes.'' Virtually all gas logs are either frosted or packaged with an emberizing kit; however, the majority of gas logs produced in 1977 were packaged with non-asbestos-containing emberizing kits. The Commission estimates annual sales of artificial gas logs at approximately 100,000 units. Some 25,000-30,000 of these would be subject to the ban. Approximately 100,000 gas logs frosted or treated by consumers with asbestos are estimated to be in existence. The Commission believes that the majority of gas logs are sold with emberizing kits; this gives the consumer a choice as to whether or not to use the artificial embers and ashes. (1) Utility. Manufacturers of artificial gas log emberizing material are currently using four substitutes for asbestos in their products: vermiculite, rock wool, mica, and a synthetic fiber. None of the four is claimed to be as aesthetically effective as asbestos. Thus, the utility derived by consumers from some gas-burning fireplace systems may be adversely affected. (2) Cost. No effect on the overall price level of gas logs is anticipated as a result of the ban. The average price of emberizing kits may rise somewhat; the Commission estimates the total price effect of the ban on consumers at under $25,000. (3) Availability. The Commission believes that all producers of artificial emberizing material will have eliminated asbestos from their products by the time the ban becomes effective. No significant impact on the availability of asbestos substitutes to producers nor on the availability of gas logs or emberizing kits to retail dealers and consumers is expected as a result of the ban. (d) Any means of achieving the objective of the ban while minimizing adverse effects on competition or disruption or dislocation of manufacturing and other commercial practices consistent with the public health and safety. The Commission believes that there will be minimal disruption to the market for artificial emberizing materials as a consequence of the ban and that no further reduction in adverse effects is feasible. PART 1306_BAN OF HAZARDOUS LAWN DARTS--Table of Contents Sec. 1306.1 Scope and application. 1306.2 Purpose. 1306.3 Banned hazardous products. 1306.4 Findings. 1306.5 Effective date. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2058-2060. Source: 53 FR 46839, Nov. 18, 1988, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1306.1 Scope and application. (a) In this part 1306, the Commission declares lawn darts, described in Sec. 1306.3, to be banned hazardous products. (b) Lawn darts and similar products that are articles intended for use by children are not covered by this ban, but are banned under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act at 16 CFR 1500.18(a)(4). Sec. 1306.2 Purpose. The purpose of this rule is to prohibit the sale of lawn darts, which have been found to present an unreasonable risk of skull puncture injuries to children. Sec. 1306.3 Banned hazardous products. Any lawn dart is a banned hazardous product. Sec. 1306.4 Findings. (a) The Commission has found that lawn darts are being distributed in commerce and present an unreasonable risk of injury. (b) The degree and nature of the risk of injury. (1) The risk that the Commission intends to address in this proceeding is that of puncture of the skulls of children caused by lawn darts being used by children. The potential for these devices to cause these types of injuries is not necessarily obvious to parents or other adults who might buy these items or allow their children to play with them, much less to the children themselves. This is because the tips do not appear sharp enough to present an obvious danger of puncture. The combined factors of weight, the narrow elongated shaft, the speed that the dart is traveling at the time of impact, and the thickness of the child's skull at the point of impact present the [[Page 550]] risk. The Commission has concluded that all lawn darts have the potential for skull puncture during reasonably foreseeable use or misuse. (2) Because all lawn darts are being banned, the elimination of lawn darts that can cause skull puncture injuries will also eliminate the punctures of other parts of the body, as well as the lacerations, fractures, and other injuries that have been associated with lawn darts in the past. The Commission's staff estimates that about 670 injuries from lawn darts are treated in U.S. hospital emergency rooms per year. About 40 percent of these are puncture wounds. Approximately 57 percent of the injuries involved the head, face, eye, or ear. Approximately 4 percent of the injured victims were hospitalized (on the average, approximately 25 per year), including all of the injuries reported as fractures. Over 75 percent of the victims were under age 15; about 50 percent of the victims were under age 10. In addition, Commission records dating back to 1970 show that at least three children have been killed by injuries associated with lawn darts. These children were 4, 7, and 13 years old. In the 25 lawn dart injury reports for which information about the user of the lawn darts was available, the reports indicated that children were playing with the lawn darts, despite the ban and exemption which were developed to keep the product out of the hands of children. (c) Products subject to this ban. (1) Lawn darts are devices with elongated tips that are intended to be used outdoors and that are designed so that when they are thrown into the air they will contact the ground tip first. Often, lawn darts are used in a game where the darts are thrown at a target or other feature on the ground. The types of lawn darts that have generally been available in the past and that have demonstrated their ability to cause skull puncture injuries typically have a metal or weighted plastic body, on the front of which is an elongated metal shaft about \1/4\ inch in diameter. These darts have a shaft on the rear of the body containing plastic fins. These darts are about a foot in length and weigh about one quarter to one half pound. These darts are intended to stick in the ground when thrown. Prior to this rule, annual sales of these lawn darts were estimated at 1-1.5 million units. (2) The definition for lawn darts in this rule is not intended to include arrows or horseshoes, nor is it intended to apply to indoor dart games that use a vertically-placed target, such as ``English darts'' or ``American darts.'' (d) The need of the public for lawn darts, and the effects of the rule on their utility, cost, and availability. The need of the public for lawn darts is for recreational enjoyment. Substitute recreational enjoyment can be obtained from other products. Lawn darts will not be available through commercial channels after the effective date of the ban. (e) Alternatives. (1) The Commission considered various labeling requirements and limitations on the marketing of lawn darts that would be intended to discourage the marketing of the product to children and the use of the product by children. The Commission concluded, however, that these types of requirements would not preclude substantial use of the product by children and would not reduce adequately the risk of injury addressed by this rule. (2) The Commission also considered the possibility of performance requirements for lawn darts to determine which lawn darts present an unreasonable risk of injury of skull penetration to children, but such requirements were determined not to be feasible. (f) Conclusion. The Commission finds: (1) That this rule, including its effective date, is reasonably necessary to eliminate or adequately reduce the unreasonable risk of skull puncture wounds to children associated with lawn darts and will also eliminate or reduce the other injuries, including puncture wounds, that have been associated with this product. (2) That issuance of the rule is in the public interest. (3) That no feasible consumer product safety standard would adequately protect the public from the unreasonable risk associated with lawn darts. (4) That the benefits expected from this rule bear a reasonable relationship to its costs. [[Page 551]] (5) That the rule imposes the least burdensome requirement which prevents or adequately reduces the risk of injury for which the rule is being promulgated. Sec. 1306.5 Effective date. This rule is effective December 19, 1988 and applies to all lawn darts in the chain of distribution on or after that date. PART 1307_PROHIBITION OF CHILDREN'S TOYS AND CHILD CARE ARTICLES CONTAINING SPECIFIED PHTHALATES--Table of Contents Sec. 1307.1 Scope and application. 1307.2 Definitions. 1307.3 Prohibition on children's toys and child care articles containing specified phthalates. Authority: Sec. 108, Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016 (August 14, 2008); Pub. L. 112-28, 125 Stat. 273 (August 12, 2011). Source: 82 FR 49982, Oct. 27, 2017, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1307.1 Scope and application. This part prohibits the manufacture for sale, offer for sale, distribution in commerce or importation into the United States of any children's toy or child care article containing any of the phthalates specified in Sec. 1307.3. Sec. 1307.2 Definitions. The definitions of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA) (15 U.S.C. 2052(a)) and the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (CPSIA) (Pub. L. 110-314, sec. 108(g)) apply to this part. Specifically, as defined in the CPSIA: (a) Children's toy means a consumer product designed or intended by the manufacturer for a child 12 years of age or younger for use by the child when the child plays. (b) Child care article means a consumer product designed or intended by the manufacturer to facilitate sleep or the feeding of children age 3 and younger, or to help such children with sucking or teething. Sec. 1307.3 Prohibition of children's toys and child care articles containing specified phthalates. (a) As provided in section 108(a) of the CPSIA, the manufacture for sale, offer for sale, distribution in commerce, or importation into the United States of any children's toy or child care article that contains concentrations of more than 0.1 percent of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) , dibutyl phthalate (DBP), or benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP) is prohibited. (b) In accordance with section 108(b)(3) of the CPSIA, the manufacture for sale, offer for sale, distribution in commerce, or importation into the United States of any children's toy or child care article that contains concentrations of more than 0.1 percent of diisononyl phthalate (DINP), diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), di-n-pentyl phthalate (DPENP), di-n-hexyl phthalate (DHEXP), or dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) is prohibited. (c) In accordance with section 108(c) of the CPSIA, the restrictions stated in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section apply to any plasticized component part of a children's toy or child care article or any other component part of a children's toy or child care article that is made of other materials that may contain phthalates. [82 FR 49982, Oct. 27, 2017, as amended at 83 FR 34764, July 23, 2018] PART 1308_PROHIBITION OF CHILDREN'S TOYS AND CHILD CARE ARTICLES CONTAINING SPECIFIED PHTHALATES: DETERMINATIONS REGARDING CERTAIN PLASTICS-- Table of Contents Sec. 1308.1 Prohibited children's toys and child care articles containing specified phthalates and testing requirements. 1308.2 Determinations for specified plastics. Authority: Sec. 3, Pub. L. 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016; 15 U.S.C. 2063(d)(3)(B). Source: 82 FR 41171, Aug. 30, 2017, unless otherwise noted. [[Page 552]] Sec. 1308.1 Prohibited children's toys and child care articles containing specified phthalates and testing requirements. Section 108(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (CPSIA) permanently prohibits any children's toy or child care article that contains concentrations of more than 0.1 percent of di-(2- ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), or benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP). In accordance with section 108(b)(3) of the CPSIA, 16 CFR part 1307 prohibits any children's toy or child care article that contains concentrations of more than 0.1 percent of diisononyl phthalate (DINP), diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), di-n-pentyl phthalate (DPENP), di- n-hexyl phthalate (DHEXP), or dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) is prohibited. Materials used in children's toys and child care articles subject to section 108(a) of the CPSIA and 16 CFR part 1307 must comply with the third party testing requirements of section 14(a)(2) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA), unless listed in Sec. 1308.2. [83 FR 3585, Jan. 26, 2018, as amended at 83 FR 34765, July 23, 2018] Sec. 1308.2 Determinations for specified plastics. (a) The following plastics do not exceed the phthalates content limits with a high degree of assurance as that term is defined in 16 CFR part 1107: (1) Polypropylene (PP), with any of the following additives: (i) The plasticizers polybutenes, dioctyl sebacate, isooctyl tallate, paraffinic, naphthenic, and mineral plasticizing oils, and polyol; (ii) Unrecovered catalysts; (iii) Fillers; (iv) Primary and secondary antioxidants; (v) Neutralizing agents; (vi) Antistatic agents; (vii) Slip agents; (viii) Metal deactivators; (ix) Quenchers; (x) UV stabilizers; (xi) Nucleating agents; (xii) Flame retardants; (xiii) Blowing or foaming agents; (xiv) Antiblocking agents; (xv) Lubricants; or (xvi) Colorants. (2) Polyethylene (PE), with any of the following additives: (i) The plasticizers glyceryl tribenzoate, polyethylene glycol, sunflower oil, paraffin wax, paraffin oil, mineral oil, glycerin, EPDM rubber, and EVA polymer; (ii) Initiators; (iii) Promoters; (iv) Unrecovered catalysts; (v) Fillers; (vi) Antistatic agents; (vii) Flame retardants; (viii) Anti-blocking agents; (ix) Slip agents; (x) Blowing agents; (xi) Cross-linking agents; (xii) Antioxidants; (xiii) Carbon black; or (xiv) Colorants. (3) General purpose polystyrene (GPPS), medium-impact polystyrene (MIPS), high-impact polystyrene (HIPS), and super high-impact polystyrene (SHIPS) with any of the following additives: (i) Unrecovered catalysts; (ii) Internal lubricants; (iii) Chain transfer/transition agents; (iv) Stabilizers; (v) Diluents; (vi) Colorants; (vii) Aluminum chloride, ethyl chloride, hydrochloric acid; (viii) Iron oxide, potassium oxide, chromium oxide; or (ix) Bifunctional peroxides. (4) Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), with any of the following additives: (i) The plasticizers hydrocarbon processing oil, triphenyl phosphate, resorcinol bis(diphenyl phosphate), oligomeric phosphate, long chain fatty acid esters and aromatic sulfonamide; (ii) Stabilizers; (iii) Lubricants; (iv) Antioxidants; (v) Molecular weight regulators; (vi) Initiators/unrecovered catalysts, (vii) Activators; (viii) Emulsifiers; or (ix) Colorants. (b) Accessible component parts of children's toys and child care articles made with the specified plastics, and specified additives, listed in paragraph (a) of this section are not required to [[Page 553]] be third party tested pursuant to section 14(a)(2) of the CPSA and 16 CFR part 1107. (c) Accessible component parts of children's toys and child care articles made with a plastic or additives not listed in paragraph (a) of this section that are plasticized or may contain phthalates are required to be third party tested pursuant to section 14(a)(2) of the CPSA and 16 CFR part 1107. PART 1401_SELF PRESSURIZED CONSUMER PRODUCTS CONTAINING CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS: REQUIREMENTS TO PROVIDE THE COMMISSION WITH PERFORMANCE AND TECHNICAL DATA; REQUIREMENTS TO NOTIFY CONSUMERS AT POINT OF PURCHASE OF PERFORMANCE AND TECHNICAL DATA-- Table of Contents Sec. 1401.1 Scope. 1401.2 Purpose. 1401.3 Definitions. 1401.4 [Reserved] 1401.5 Providing performance and technical data to purchasers by labeling. 1401.6 Effective date. Authority: Secs. 2(b), 27(e), Pub. L. 92-573, 86 Stat. 1208, 1228 (15 U.S.C. 2051(b), 2076(e)). Source: 42 FR 42783, Aug. 24, 1977, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1401.1 Scope. This part 1401 establishes requirements under section 27(e) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2076(e)) for marketers and importers of self-pressurized consumer products that contain chlorofluorocarbons as propellants to provide notification of certain performance and technical data to prospective purchasers of such products at the time of original purchase and to the first purchaser of such products for purposes other than resale. The notification shall consist of a label on the product stating that it contains a chlorofluorocarbon that may harm the public health and environment by reducing the ozone in the upper atmosphere. Also, manufacturers and importers must provide the commission with reports identifying which of the self-pressurized consumer products sold by them contain chlorofluorocarbon propellants. Sec. 1401.2 Purpose. Chlorofluorocarbons are used as propellants in self-pressurized containers of a variety of products subject to the Commission's jurisdiction. Scientific research has indicated that chlorofluorocarbons may pose a risk of depletion of ozone in the stratosphere. The stratospheric ozone shield is of great importance in protecting life on earth from shortwave ultra-violet rays of the sun. Ozone depletion allows more of these rays to reach the earth, and the consequences include a possibility of a significant increase in human skin cancer and other effects of unknown magnitude on man, animals, and plants. Chlorofluorocarbon release may also cause climatic change, both by reducing stratospheric ozone and by increasing infrared absorption in the atmosphere. The Commission believes that the requirements of this part 1401 will enable consumers to make a conscious choice of whether to use products that contain chlorofluorocarbon propellants. The Commission also believes that these requirements are necessary in order to carry out the purposes of the Consumer Product Safety Act of (a) helping to protect the public against unreasonable risks of injury associated with consumer products and (b) assisting consumers in evaluating the comparative safety of consumer products. Sec. 1401.3 Definitions. For the purposes of this part 1401: (a) Chlorofluorocarbon means any fully halogenated chlorofluoroalkane. (b) Finished product means a product which has been completely manufactured, packaged, and labeled. (c) Initially introduced into interstate commerce means the first shipment of the product into interstate commerce by the firm marketing the product. There must be both physical movement in interstate commerce and passage of title to the product. Thus, mere shipment of a product across state lines from a contract filler to the marketer of the product would not constitute [[Page 554]] initial introduction into interstate commerce. All products initially introduced into interstate commerce before the effective date may continue to be distributed and sold even though they do not bear the warning statement. (d) Manufacturer means any person who manufactures or imports a consumer product. The term includes both a person who manufactures the product at the direction of another (such as a contract filler of aerosol products) and the person at whose direction the product is manufactured (such as the marketer of the brand). (e) Propellent means a liquefied or compressed gas in a container, where a purpose of the liquefied or compressed gas is to expel material from the container. The material to be expelled may be the propellant itself and/or a material different from the propellent. (f) The definitions given in section 3 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2052) shall, where applicable, apply to this part 1401. Sec. 1401.4 [Reserved] Sec. 1401.5 Providing performance and technical data to purchasers by labeling. (a) Manufacturers of self-pressurized consumer products containing a chlorofluorocarbon propellant shall provide performance and technical data concerning such products that they import or initially introduce into interstate commerce after February 19, 1978, to prospective purchasers at the time of original purchase and to the first purchaser for purposes other than resale. The data shall consist of the following identification and warning statement: ``WARNING--Contains a chlorofluorocarbon that may harm the public health and environment by reducing ozone in the upper atmosphere.'' (b) The identification and warning statement required by paragraph (a) of this section shall be in addition to any other required labeling and shall be sufficiently prominent and conspicuous as to be likely to be read and understood by ordinary individuals under normal conditions of purchase. This identification and warning statement shall appear on the immediate container of the product and also on any outside container or wrapper in which the product is normally offered for sale at retail. The identification and warning statement may appear on a firmly affixed tag, tape, card, or sticker or similar overlabeling attached to the package. [42 FR 42783, Aug. 24, 1977; 42 FR 46285, Sept. 15, 1977] Sec. 1401.6 Effective date. This part becomes effective February 20, 1978. PART 1402_CB BASE STATION ANTENNAS, TV ANTENNAS, AND SUPPORTING STRUCTURES-- Table of Contents Sec. 1402.1 Scope. 1402.2 Background. 1402.3 Definitions. 1402.4 Requirements to provide performance and technical data by labeling and instructions. Appendix I to Part 1402--Recommended Outline for Instruction Booklet on ``How To Safely Install Your CB Base Station Antenna'' Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2051, 2076. Source: 43 FR 28392, June 29, 1978, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1402.1 Scope. (a) This part 1402 requires manufacturers (including importers) of Citizens Band (CB) base station antennas, outdoor television (TV) antennas, and their supporting structures to provide notification of ways to avoid the hazard of electrocution which exists when these products are allowed to come near powerlines while the antennas are being put up or taken down. The notification must be provided to (1) prospective purchasers of such products at the time of original purchase and (2) the first purchaser of such products for purposes other than resale. The notification consists of instructions to accompany the products, warning labels on the products, and warning statements on the packaging or parts container. Samples of the instructions, labels, and warning statements must also be provided to the Consumer Product Safety Commission. [[Page 555]] (b) This part 1402 applies to any of the following that are ``consumer products'' as defined in section 3 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2052) and that are manufactured or imported, or packaged or sold by the manufacturer or importer, after September 26, 1978. (1) Antennas designed or intended to be used as outdoor CB base station antennas (referred to in this rule as ``CB base station antennas''). (2) Antennas designed or intended to be used as outdoor TV receiving antennas (referred to in this rule as ``TV antennas''). (3) Antenna supporting structures, which are elements over 5 feet in length that are intended to support these types of antennas at a higher elevation. These structures include towers, tripods, and masts. Devices which merely secure the antenna in place are not included. [43 FR 28392, June 29, 1978, as amended at 43 FR 47722, Oct. 17, 1978] Sec. 1402.2 Background. As a result of numerous electrocutions which have occurred when consumers contacted powerlines with CB base station and outside TV antennas while putting these antennas up or taking them down, the Consumer Product Safety Commission has determined that it is necessary to require that warnings and instructions be furnished with these antennas and their supporting structures so that consumers can be made aware of the hazards involved and of safe ways to put up and take down these antennas. The Commission anticipates that this regulation will help protect the public against the unreasonable risk of injury associated with CB base station antennas, outside TV antennas, and supporting structures due to contact with overhead powerlines. Sec. 1402.3 Definitions. (a) The definitions in section 3 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2052) apply to this part 1402. (b) Antenna supporting structures, CB base station antennas, and TV antennas are defined in Sec. 1402.1(b)(1) through (3). Sec. 1402.4 Requirements to provide performance and technical data by labeling and instructions. (a) Notice to purchasers. Manufacturers of CB base station antennas, TV antennas, and antenna supporting structures shall give notification of performance and technical data related to performance and safety to prospective purchasers of such products at the time of original purchase and to the first purchaser of such product for purposes other than resale, in the manner set forth below. (1) Antennas. CB base station antennas and TV antennas shall be provided with the following: [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.048 (i) Label. (A) The antenna shall bear the label shown in fig. 1 so that the label will be conspicuous to the installer during installation. (B) If pipe or tubular nontelescoping masts are a suitable supporting structure for the antenna, a separate label as shown in fig. 1 shall accompany the antenna. The label shall be suitable for mounting by the consumer on such a mast. (C) The label in figure 1 shall be made and attached in such a manner [[Page 556]] that it will be legible for an average expected life of at least 3 years. (D) The word ``product'' may be substituted for ``antenna'' in the label of fig. 1. (E)(1) The colors in figure 1 shall conform to ANSI Standard Z53.1- 1971, ``Safety Color Code for Marking Physical Hazards,'' published in 1971 by the American National Standards Institute, which is incorporated by reference. Copies of this document are available from the American National Standards Institute, 1430 Broadway, New York, New York 10018. This standard is also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http:// www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ ibr_locations.html. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register. These materials are incorporated as they exist in the edition which has been approved by the Director of the Federal Register and which has been filed with the Office of the Federal Register. Alternatively, the colors ``red'' and ``yellow'' in figure 1 may conform to Color Tolerance Charts, published by the Department of Transportation. Copies of the Color Tolerance Charts are available from the Office of Hazardous Materials, Department of Transportation, Washington, DC 20590. These materials are also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741- 6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/ code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. (2) Color limit values shall be determined by ASTM D 1535-68, ``Specifying Color by the Munsell System,'' published in 1968 by the American Society for Testing and Materials. Copies of ASTM D 1535-68 are available from the American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103. These materials are also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/ federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register. These materials are incorporated as they exist in the edition which has been approved by the Director of the Federal Register and which has been filed with the Office of the Federal Register. Alternatively, color limit values for red or yellow may be determined by the Department of Transportation Color Tolerance Charts, which display the desired color within the tolerance limits. (ii) Instructions. CB base station antennas and TV antennas shall be accompanied by instructions that include the following: (A) The following warning statement, placed on the first page of the document(s) containing the instructions and at the beginning of the body of the instructions: ``WARNING: INSTALLATION OF THIS PRODUCT NEAR POWERLINES IS DANGEROUS. FOR YOUR SAFETY, FOLLOW THE INSTALLATION DIRECTIONS''. This statement shall be legible and conspicuous and shall be in type that is at least as large as the largest type used on the remainder of the page, with the exception of the logo and any identification of the manufacturer, brand, model, or similar designations, and that is preferably no smaller than 10 point type. (B) The information set forth below, which shall be in a part of the instructions that is conspicuously identified as containing information concerning the risk of electrocution caused by contact with powerlines. No particular wording is required for this information, but it shall be in legible English and readily understandable to a user with a sixth grade reading ability (other languages may be included as appropriate). (1) An explanation of the risk of electrocution caused by contacting powerlines while putting up or taking down the antenna. (2) An identification of the generally available types and sizes of antenna supporting structures that are suitable for use with the antenna. If a generally available type or size of supporting [[Page 557]] structure is not identified as suitable, an explanation of why it is not suitable shall be included. (3) If pipe or tubular non-telescoping masts are a suitable supporting structure for the antenna, the instructions shall contain the following in relation to installation of the antenna on such masts: (i) How to select and measure the installation site. (ii) An explanation (pictorial where appropriate) of methods that can be used to reduce the possibility of contact with powerlines when putting up and taking down the antenna mast. (iii) Instructions for properly attaching the separate label that is required to accompany the antenna by paragraph (a)(1)(i)(B) of this section. (iv) A statement that if the supporting structure to be used with the antenna does not have a label of the type provided by the manufacturer, the provided label should be attached to the base of the supporting structure by the installer. (2) Antenna supporting structures. Antenna supporting structures, except pipe or tubular nontelescoping mast sections less than 11 ft. (335 cm.) in length that are not individually packaged or otherwise contained in a package intended for distribution to the consumer, shall comply with the following requirements: (i) Label. (A) Antenna supporting structures shall bear the label shown in fig. 1, which shall be legible for an average expected life of at least 3 years. The label shall be attached so that it is conspicuous during installation and is 3 to 5 ft. (91 to 152 cm.) from the base of the supporting structure. (B) The word ``product'' may be substituted for ``antenna'' in the label, as may ``tower'', ``tripod'', or other term, if it accurately describes the supporting structure. (ii) Instructions. Antenna supporting structures shall be accompanied by instructions that include the following: (A) The following warning statement, placed on the first page of the document(s) containing the instructions and at the beginning of the body of the instructions: ``WARNING: INSTALLATION OF THIS PRODUCT NEAR POWERLINES IS DANGEROUS. FOR YOUR SAFETY, FOLLOW THE INSTALLATION DIRECTIONS.'' This statement shall be legible and conspicuous and shall be in type that is at least as large as the largest type used on the remainder of the page, with the exception of the logo and any identification of the manufacturer, brand, model, and similar designations, and that is preferably no smaller than 10 point type. (B) The information set forth below, which shall be in a part of the instructions that is conspicuously identified as containing information concerning the risk of electrocution caused by contact with powerlines. No particular wording is required for this information, but it shall be in legible English and understandable to a user with a sixth grade reading ability (other languages may be included as appropriate). (1) An explanation of the risk of electrocution caused by contacting powerlines while putting up or taking down the supporting structure. (2) How to select and measure the installation site. (3) An explanation (pictorial where appropriate) of methods that can be used to reduce the possibility of contact with powerlines when putting up and taking down the supporting structure. (3) Packaging. (i) The following warning statement shall legibly and conspicuously appear on either the packaging or the parts container of any CB base station antenna, TV antenna, or antenna supporting structure: ``Warning: Installation of this product near powerlines is dangerous. For your safety, follow the enclosed installation directions.'' (b) Data provided to the Commission. (1) Manufacturers of CB base station antennas, TV antennas, and antenna supporting structures shall provide to the Commission samples of all the labels, warning statements, and instructions which will be used to satisfy the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section. These samples shall be provided to the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance, Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, Md. 20207, by October 27, 1978, or, in the event of a subsequent change [[Page 558]] in the warning statements or instructions or if a new product is introduced, within 30 days after the change or introduction. (2) Manufacturers need not submit a separate sample for each model of antenna or supporting structure where different models use the same label and warning statement and where the portion of the instructions required by this part is the same for the different models (even though the remainder of the instructions may be different for each model). Changes in instructions which do not affect the portions of the instructions required by this part do not require the submission of additional samples. (3) The reporting requirement contained in this section has been approved by the U.S. General Accounting Office under No. B-180232 (R0555). [43 FR 28392, June 29, 1978, as amended at 43 FR 47722, Oct. 17, 1978; 46 FR 63250, Dec. 31, 1981; 62 FR 46667, Sept. 4, 1997] Sec. Appendix I to Part 1402--Recommended Outline for Instruction Booklet on ``How To Safely Install Your CB Base Station Antenna'' I. Required Warning Label Statement. II. Statement of Hazard. III. General Safety Instructions: A. Seek professional assistance. B. Select your site with safety in mind. C. Call your electric power company. D. Plan your procedure. E. What to do if the assembly starts to drop. F. What to do if the assembly contacts powerlines. G. What to do in case of electric shock. IV. Site Selection (How to select and measure the installation site): A. Distance from powerlines. B. FCC height limitations. C. Alternate locations: 1. Roof. 2. Chimney. 3. Side of house. 4. Free standing. V. Types and Sizes of Support Structures and Mountings: A. Tripod: 1. Where it can be used. 2. Limitations. 3. Suitable mounting methods. B. Tubular Mast: 1. Non-telescopic: a. Where it can be used. b. Limitations. c. Suitable mounting methods. 2. Telescopic: * --------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Detailed instructions for installing these supports would come with the product. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- a. Where it can be used. b. Limitations. c. Suitable mounting methods. C. Tower:* 1. Where it can be used. 2. Limitations. 3. Suitable mounting methods. VI. Installation Instructions: A. General Instructions: 1. Materials. 2. Assembly. 3. How to walk-up a tubular mast: a. Height limitations. b. Tying off. c. Raising the mast with an X-frame. d. Raising the mast without an X-frame. 4. Guy Wires. B. How to Install a Tripod: 1. Preparation. 2. Erecting the assembly. 3. Securing the assembly. C. How to Install a Non-telescopic Tubular Mast: 1. Roof Mount: a. Preparation. b. Erecting the assembly. c. Securing the assembly. 2. Chimney Mount: a. Preparation. b. Erecting the assembly. c. Securing the assembly. 3. Side of House Mount: a. Preparation. b. Erecting the assembly. c. Securing the assembly. 4. Free Standing Mount: a. Preparation. b. Erecting the assembly. c. Securing the assembly. VII. Grounding Your Antenna: D. How to Install a Telescopic Mast:* 1. Preparation. 2. Erecting the assembly. 3. Securing the assembly. E. How to Install a Tower:* 1. Preparation. 2. Erecting the assembly. 3. Securing the assembly. VIII. Instructions for Attaching Label to Antenna and Supporting Structure. PART 1404_CELLULOSE INSULATION--Table of Contents Sec. 1404.1 Scope, application, and effective date. 1404.2 Background. 1404.3 Definitions. 1404.4 Requirements to provide performance and technical data by labeling--Notice to purchasers. [[Page 559]] Authority: Secs. 2, 27, 35, Pub. L. 92-573, Pub. L. 95-319; 86 Stat. 1207, 1228; 92 Stat. 386 (15 U.S.C. 2051, 2076, 2082). Source: 44 FR 40001, July 6, 1979, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1404.1 Scope, application, and effective date. (a) Scope. This part 1404 establishes a requirement for manufacturers, including importers, of cellulose insulation to notify (1) prospective purchasers of such products at the time of original purchase and (2) the first purchasers of such products for purposes other than resale (installers and consumers) of ways to avoid the fire hazard that exists where cellulose insulation is installed too close to the sides or over the top of a recessed electrical light fixture or where cellulose insulation is installed too close to the exhaust flues from heat-producing devices or apparatus such as furnaces, water heaters, and space heaters. The notification consists of a warning label on the containers of cellulose insulation. (b) Application and effective date. This rule applies to cellulose insulation that is for sale to consumers for installation in households or residences, as well as insulation that is produced or distributed for installation by professionals in households or residences. Cellulose insulation that is labeled as, marketed, and sold solely for nonresidential installation is not included within the scope of this proceeding. The rule applies to all products manufactured after October 15, 1979. Sec. 1404.2 Background. Based on available fire incident information, engineering analysis of the probable fire scenarios, and laboratory tests, the Consumer Product Safety Commission has determined that fires can occur where cellulose insulation is improperly installed too close to the sides or over the top of recessed electrical light fixtures, or installed too close to the exhaust flues from heat producing devices or apparatus such as furnaces, water heaters, and space heaters. These fires may result in serious injuries or deaths. Presently available information indicates that fires may occur where cellulose insulation is improperly installed even though the cellulose insulation complies with the Commission's amended interim standard for cellulose insulation (16 CFR part 1209) based on GSA Specification HH-I-515D. The Commission has determined that it is necessary to require labeling to inform persons installing cellulose insulation and consumers in whose homes the insulation is installed of the fire hazard associated with improperly installed cellulose insulation and the method of properly installing the insulation to prevent this hazard. The Commission anticipates that this regulation will accomplish the purpose of helping protect the public against the unreasonable risk of injury associated with improperly installed cellulose insulation. Sec. 1404.3 Definitions. The definitions in section 3 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2052) apply to this part 1404. Cellulose insulation is cellulosic fiber, loose fill, thermal insulation that is suitable for blowing or pouring applications. Manufacturer means any person who manufactures or imports a consumer product. The term includes both a person who manufactures the product at the direction of another (such as a packager) and the person at whose direction the product is manufactured (such as the marketer of the brand). Sec. 1404.4 Requirements to provide performance and technical data by labeling--Notice to purchasers. (a) Manufacturers of cellulose insulation shall give notification of performance and technical data related to performance and safety (1) to prospective purchasers at the time of original purchase and (2) to the first purchaser of such products for purposes other than resale in the following manner. Manufacturers of cellulose insulation shall label all containers of cellulose insulation with the following statement, using capital letters as indicated: Caution Potential Fire Hazard: Keep cellulose insulation at least three inches away from the sides of recessed light fixtures. Do not place insulation over such fixtures so as to entrap heat. [[Page 560]] Also keep this insulation away from exhaust flues of furnaces, water heaters, space heaters, or other heat-producing devices. To be sure that insulation is kept away from light fixtures and flues, use a barrier to permanently maintain clearance around these areas. Check with local building or fire officials for guidance on installation and barrier requirements. Request to Installer: Remove this label and give it to the consumer at completion of job. Manufacturers of cellulose insulation may substitute the phrase ``TO HELP AVOID FIRE'' for the phrase ``POTENTIAL FIRE HAZARD'' in the label described above. Manufacturers may also delete the word ``cellulose from the first sentence of the label and may delete the word ``this'' from the third sentence of the label. The remainder of the label statement shall appear exactly as described above. (b) The labeling statement required by Sec. 1404.4(a) shall appear prominently and conspicuously on the container. The word ``CAUTION'' shall appear in capital letters at least one-fourth inch in height. The words ``POTENTIAL FIRE HAZARD'' and ``REQUEST TO INSTALLER'' shall appear in capital letters at least three-sixteenths inch in height. The remainder of the statement shall appear in capital letters at least three-sixteenths inch in height, with lower case letters in corresponding proportion but at least one-eighth inch in height. The labeling statement shall be enclosed within a rectangle formed with lines at least one-sixteenth inch in width. The labeling statement shall be printed with legible type in a color which contrasts with the background on which the statement is printed. (c) To meet this requirement, manufacturers may use any type of label, including one which is pressure sensitive or glued-on, provided the label is made in such a manner that it will remain attached to the container for the expected time interval between the manufacture of the product and its installation. [44 FR 40001, July 6, 1979, as amended at 49 FR 21701, May 23, 1984] PART 1406_COAL AND WOOD BURNING APPLIANCES_NOTIFICATION OF PERFORMANCE AND TECHNICAL DATA--Table of Contents Sec. 1406.1 Scope, purpose, and effective date. 1406.2 Background. 1406.3 Definitions. 1406.4 Requirements to provide performance and technical notice to prospective purchasers and purchasers. 1406.5 Performance and technical data to be furnished to the Commission. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2051, 2076. Sec. 1406.1 Scope, purpose, and effective date. (a) Scope. This part 1406 requires manufacturers, including importers, of coal and wood burning appliances, as defined in Sec. 1406.3(a), to provide consumers with a specified notification concerning the installation, operation, and maintenance of the appliances. The notification is intended to provide consumers with technical and performance information related to the safety of the appliances. This part 1406 also requires these manufacturers to provide to the Commission a copy of the notification to consumers and a statement of the reasons supporting the manufacturer's conclusion that certain clearance distances contained in the notification are appropriate for preventing fires. (b) Purpose. This regulation is intended to reduce the unreasonable risk of injury from fire associated with inadequate information provided with coal and wood burning appliances. This rule does not replace any voluntary standards applicable to these appliances or any state or local requirements applicable to the installation, use, or maintenance of such appliances that are not inconsistent with this rule. Thus, for example, a local code could require the actual installation of appliances at different distances from combustibles than those specified on the label required by this rule, and voluntary standards or local codes could require labeling or instructions in addition to those required by this rule. The fact that a product complies with this regulation is not intended to be a substitute for the performance tests and [[Page 561]] other criteria established by listing organizations whose approval is required to meet some state or local requirements applicable to these appliances. (c) Effective date. (1) Except as provided in paragraphs (c)(2) and (c)(3) of this section, manufacturers, including importers, of coal and wood burning appliances as defined in Sec. 1406.3(a) must comply with this regulation with respect to stoves that are manufactured or imported after October 17, 1983, or that are first introduced into United States commerce after May 16, 1984, regardless of the date of manufacture. For the purposes of this rule, an appliance is manufactured when no further assembly of the appliance is required (i) before shipment by the manufacturer or (ii), if the product is not so shipped, before delivery to the first purchaser. A product manufactured in the United States (U.S.) is first introduced into U.S. commerce when it is shipped by the manufacturer or delivered to the next purchaser, whichever comes first. A product manufactured outside the U.S. is first introduced into U.S. commerce when it is first brought within a U.S. port of entry. (2) The requirements of Sec. 1406.4(c) apply to sales catalogs and point of sale literature provided by manufacturers after May 16, 1984. (3) Section 1406.5 is effective December 6, 1983. (Information collection requirements contained in paragraph (a) were approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 3041-0040) [48 FR 21914, May 16, 1983; 48 FR 26761, June 10, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 50706, Nov. 3, 1983; 48 FR 52889, Nov. 23, 1983] Sec. 1406.2 Background. (a) Fire data analyzed by the Consumer Product Safety Commission disclose a number of incidents involving coal and wood burning appliances. Many of these cases involve improper installation of the appliances, especially where they are installed with insufficient clearances to adjacent combustibles such as walls, ceilings, floors, draperies, carpets, or furnishings. Another common installation problem involves the use of improper types of chimneys or chimney connectors and insufficient clearances between these devices and combustibles. Other incidents involve improper operation of the appliance, such as by overfiring it or using flammable liquids to start the fire. Still other incidents occur when appliances are improperly maintained and develop mechanical defects or excessive deposits of flammable creosote. (b) After considering the available data on the causes of fires in these appliances, the Commission concludes that there is an unreasonable risk of injury associated with appliances that are sold without notifying consumers of the information they need to prevent many of these occurrences. Accordingly, the Commission has determined that disclosure of the information required by Sec. 1406.4 is necessary to help the Commission in carrying out the purposes of the Consumer Product Safety Act of (1) helping to protect the public against unreasonable risks of injury associated with consumer products and (2) assisting consumers in evaluating the comparative safety of consumer products. (c) The Commission has also determined that in carrying out these purposes of the act, it is necessary for manufacturers to provide to the Commission a copy of the information provided to consumers and a statement of the reasons why some of the information was selected, in accordance with Sec. 1406.5. [48 FR 21914, May 16, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 50706, Nov. 3, 1983] Sec. 1406.3 Definitions. For the purposes of this rule: (a) Coal and wood burning appliances means fireplace stoves, room heater/fireplace stove combinations, cookstoves and ranges, and radiant and circulating heaters. It does not include central heating units, masonry fireplaces and chimneys, fireplace inserts, or factory built fireplaces (zero clearance fireplaces). (b) Central heating units include boilers, furnaces, and furnace add-ons. These appliances are designed to be connected to hot water distribution or ductwork systems for heating several rooms. The furnace add-on converts an existing gas, oil, or electric heating system to one capable of using solid fuel as well as its original fuel. [[Page 562]] (c) A chimney is a vertical or nearly vertical enclosure containing one or more passageways called flue passages for conveying combustion wastes to the outside atmosphere. (d) A chimney connector is the stovepipe which connects the appliance flue with the chimney flue. (e) Cookstoves and ranges are chimney connected solid fuel burning appliances that are used primarily for cooking. In addition to the firechamber, there may be one or more ovens or warmer compartments and several removable cooking space pothole lids. The intensity of the fire is controlled by damper and draft regulators. (f) A factory built fireplace is a firechamber and chimney assembly consisting entirely of factory made parts. It is designed for component assembly without requiring field construction. These ``zero clearance'' units are fabricated for safe installation against combustible surfaces and for burning fireplace fuel. (g) Fireplace inserts are heating units that fit into a fireplace and connect to the fireplace flue. These units function like radiant and circulating heaters. (h) A fireplace stove is a freestanding, chimney-connected firechamber which is constantly open to view. It is designed to burn regular fireplace fuel and function as a decorative fireplace. (i) A masonry chimney is a chimney field-constucted of solid masonry units, brick, stones, or reinforced concrete. (j) A masonry fireplace is an open firechamber built into a structure along with a chimney and hearth. It is constructed of solid masonry units such as bricks, stones, or reinforced concrete. (k) Radiant and circulating heaters have firechambers which may be airtight \1\ or non-airtight and are available in a number of sizes, shapes, and designs. The firechamber is closed in use, but there may be a window of specially formulated glass for viewing the fire. Drafts and dampers are used to control the burning process. There may be a secondary combustion chamber, baffles, a thermostat, a blower, or other components which function to improve combustion efficiency or to control heat output. The primary function of these appliances is as space heaters. However, some have lift-off cooking pothole lids, and the top surface of most can be used for cooking. The fuel may be wood, coal, or both. Radiant heaters transmit heat primarily by direct radiation. Circulating heaters have an outer jacket surrounding the fire chamber. Air enters from the bottom, is warmed by passing over the fire chamber, and exits at the top. Movement is by natural convection or forced air circulation. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ An airtight stove is defined as ``A stove in which a large fire can be suffocated by shutting the air inlets, resulting ultimately in a large mass of unburned fuel remaining in the stove.'' Jay W. Shelton, Wood Heat Safety, Garden Way Publishing, Charlotte, Vermont (1979), p. 160. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (l) A ``room heater/fireplace stove combination'' is a freestanding, chimney-connected fire chamber with doors. It is designed to be used to burn fireplace fuels with the firechamber either open or closed to view. This appliance functions as a decorative fireplace when the doors are open and as a non-airtight heater when the doors are closed. [48 FR 21914, May 16, 1983] Sec. 1406.4 Requirements to provide performance and technical notice to prospective purchasers and purchasers. Manufacturers, including importers, of coal and wood burning appliances as defined in Sec. 1406.3 shall give notification of performance and technical data related to performance and safety to prospective purchasers at the time of original purchase and to the first purchaser of such products for purposes other than resale, in the manner set forth below: (a) Written notice on appliance. (1) The appliance shall bear a legible notice containing the following performance and technical data. (i) Appropriate minimum clearances from unprotected combustibles to avoid the occurrence of fire. \2\ The clearances shall include: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\ Appropriate distances are to be determined by the manufacturer. The Commission expects that test procedures utilized by a nationally recognized testing organization would be suitable for determining appropriate distances. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- [[Page 563]] (A) Distance from the back and sides of the appliance, and the chimney connector, to walls, stated in diagrammatic form. (B) Distance to be maintained between the chimney connector and ceilings, in either diagrammatic or written form. (ii) Type and dimensions of floor protection, if necessary to protect combustible floors. (iii) Proper type(s) of chimney and chimney connector to be used with the appliance. This information should include the proper designations so that the chimney and chimney connector are of suitable design and construction to withstand the temperature of the flue gases and other probable environmental stresses and so that the inside dimensions are suitable to adequately vent the products of combustion. See Figs. 1 and 2 for examples of an acceptable designation for a chimney and chimney connector. (iv) Identification of parts or precautions required for passing a chimney through combustible walls or ceilings or for passing a chimney connector through combustible walls. The following statement is an example of one that complies with this requirement: Special methods are required when passing through a wall or ceiling. See instructions or building codes. (v) A statement not to overfire the appliance, and a description of at least 1 condition which signals overfiring. (vi) A statement of how often the chimney and chimney connector should be inspected and that it should be cleaned when necessary. (vii) Information explaining that the appliance should be installed and used only in accordance with the manufacturer's directions and local building codes. (viii) A direction to contact local building or fire officials about restrictions and installation inspection requirements. (ix) A statement that furnishings and combustible materials should be kept a considerable distance from the appliance or a statement to keep furnishings and other combustibles far away. (x) The types of fuel suitable for use in the appliance. (xi) The name and address of the manufacturer, importer or private labeler to which the owner can write for a copy of the manufacturer's directions or for additional information, and a sufficient identification of the appliance model so that the appropriate information can be supplied. (2) No specific wording is required on the written notice, but the information shall be printed in legible English in clear and readily understandable language. Examples of acceptable labels are given in Figs. 1 and 2, appendix I. (3) The written notice shall be placed in a location that is conspicuous before the appliance is installed. In addition, the written information required by paragraphs (a)(1)(v), (a)(1)(vi), (a)(1)(ix), and (a)(1)(x) of this section shall be readily visible during normal use of the appliance. A label on the back of the stove would not be considered ``readily visible'' during normal use if the stove is suitable for installation with its back within a few feet of the wall. Locations within compartments or behind doors or panels may be readily visible during normal use if the location is readily visible when the door or panel is opened or removed and the door or panel must be opened or removed, or the compartments used, as part of the normal operating procedures for the appliance. An example of a notice format where the information required to be readily visible during normal use is separated from the remainder of the notice is given in Fig. 1, appendix I. The Commission recommends the use of this 2 label format in order to provide more consumer awareness of the operation and maintenance information after the appliance is installed, since this information would be on a simpler label that would not have installation information competing for the consumer's attention. (4) The written notice shall be provided so that it will remain legible for the maximum expected useful life of the appliance in normal operation. (b) Directions. All appliances covered by this rule shall be accompanied by directions that include the following [[Page 564]] technical and performance information: (1) The following notice shall be placed on the first page of the document(s) containing the directions and at the beginning of the directions: SAFETY NOTICE: IF THIS ___ IS NOT PROPERLY INSTALLED, A HOUSE FIRE MAY RESULT. FOR YOUR SAFETY, FOLLOW THE INSTALLATION DIRECTIONS. CONTACT LOCAL BUILDING OR FIRE OFFICIALS ABOUT RESTRICTIONS AND INSTALLATION INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS IN YOUR AREA. This statement shall be conspicuous and in type that is at least as large as the largest type used on the remainder of the page, with the exception of the logo and any identification of the manufacturer, brand, model, and similar designations. At the manufacturer's option, other information may be added to this notice. (2) Step by step installation directions shall be provided, including all necessary information regarding parts and materials. This information shall include an explanation of the consequences which could result from failure to install the appliance properly. These directions shall include a direction to refer to the chimney and chimney connector manufacturers' instructions and local building codes for installation through combustible walls or ceilings. (3) These directions shall also include a clearly identified section containing complete use directions, including what types of fuel(s) can be used and how to fire the unit to avoid fire hazards, and a clearly identified section containing complete maintenance directions, including how and when to clean the chimney and chimney connector. A statement that flammable liquids should not be used with the appliance shall also be included where applicable. These sections shall contain a description of the consequences that could result from failure to use or maintain the appliance properly. (4) The directions required by paragraphs (b)(2) and (b)(3) of this section shall include all the information required by paragraph (a)(1) of this section and shall be in legible English in readily understandable language. A recommended outline for the directions is given in appendix II. (c) Catalogs and point of sale literature. Literature for the appliance that is intended to induce an immediate order or sale (such as catalogs and point of sale literature) and that is provided by the manufacturer, shall legibly and conspicuously include the information required by paragraph (a)(1)(viii) of this section and shall state the appropriate minimum clearances, to avoid the occurrence of fire, from the back and sides of the appliance to walls. Note: General advertising would not be subject to this requirement. Appendix I to Sec. 1406.4--Recommended Format and Wording for Written Notice The following are examples of formats and suggested wording for the written notice required by Sec. 1406.4(a). Information to be supplied by the manufacturer is indicated by underlined blank spaces or by asterisks. The Commission recommends the ``two label'' format shown in Fig. 1. [[Page 565]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.049 [[Page 566]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.050 Appendix II to Sec. 1406.4--Recommended Outline for Directions The following is a recommended outline for the directions required by Sec. 1406.4(b). This outline is a guide and should not be considered as including all of the information that may be necessary for the proper installation, use, and maintenance of the appliance since the necessary information may vary from product to product. ``HOW TO INSTALL, USE, AND MAINTAIN YOUR ___'' I. Safety Precautions A. The Safety Notice required by this rule. ``SAFETY NOTICE: IF THIS ___ IS NOT PROPERLY INSTALLED, A HOUSE FIRE MAY RESULT. FOR YOUR SAFETY, FOLLOW THE INSTALLATION DIRECTIONS. CONTACT LOCAL BUILDING OFFICIALS ABOUT RESTRICTIONS AND INSTALLATION INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS IN YOUR AREA.'' B. Statements of other important safety messages, including: ``Creosote may build up in the chimney connector and chimney and cause a house fire. Inspect the chimney connector and chimney at least twice monthly and clean if necessary.'' ``Overfiring the appliance may cause a house fire. If a unit or chimney connector glows, you are overfiring.'' ``Never use gasoline or other flammable liquids to start or `freshen up' a fire.'' ``Dispose of ashes in a metal container.'' II. Installation Instructions A. The parts and materials required, including: The size and type of chimney to which the appliance is to be connected. The size and thickness or gage of metal of the chimney connector. The thimble or type of connection through a combustible wall or ceiling. B. The step-by-step directions for installing the appliance and its accessories, chimney connector, and chimney. The directions would include: Clearances from the appliance and chimney connector to combustibles, Methods to safely join the chimney connector to the chimney and how to pass these parts through a combustible wall or to pass the chimney through a ceiling. [[Page 567]] The joining of two or more parts to constitute a safe assembly such as attaching and securing the chimney connector to the appliance and to each adjoining section, and, Where required, the parts or materials to be used for the floor protector (hearth). The minimum areas to be covered and their relation to the appliance should be stated. III. Use Instructions A. Recommendations about building and maintaining a fire, warnings against overfiring, and condition(s) that signal(s) overfiring. B. Caution against the use and storage of flammable liquids, as follows: ``Do not use gasoline, gasoline-type lantern fuel, kerosene, charcoal lighter fluid, or similar liquids to start or `freshen up' a fire in this appliance. Keep these flammable liquids well away from this appliance while it is in use.'' C. Explanation about the use or nonuse of grates, irons and or other methods of supporting the fuel. D. How to use manual or thermostatic controls. E. Explanation about the use of any electrical assemblies including care and routing of power supply cord. F. Caution about disposing of ashes, as follows: Disposal of Ashes Ashes should be placed in a metal container with a tight fitting lid. The closed container of ashes should be placed on a noncombustible floor or on the ground, away from all combustible materials, pending final disposal. The ashes should be retained in the closed container until all cinders have thoroughly cooled. G. Keep furnishings and other combustible materials away from appliance. IV. Maintenance Instructions A. How to inspect and maintain the appliance, chimney, and chimney connector. B. Explanation about the formation and removal of creosote buildup in the chimney connector and chimney as follows: Creosote Formation and Need for Removal When wood is burned slowly, it produces tar and other vapors, which combine with moisture to form creosote. Creosote vapors condense in the relatively cool chimney flue, and creosote residue accumulates on the flue lining. When ignited, this creosote make an extremely hot fire. The chimney connector and chimney should be inspected at least twice monthly during the heating season to determine if creosote buildup has occurred. If creosote has accumulated, it should be removed to reduce the chance of a chimney fire. C. Explain how to remove creosote. V. References A. The name and address of the manufacturer or private labeler from which the owner can obtain additional information if needed. Include other sources of information as appropriate. B. The manufacturer's or private labeler's catalog designations, model numbers or the equivalent for the appliance and related parts. [48 FR 21914, May 16, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 28230, June 21, 1983] Sec. 1406.5 Performance and technical data to be furnished to the Commission. Manufacturers, including importers, of coal and wood burning appliances as defined in Sec. 1406.3(a) shall provide to the Commission the following performance and technical data related to performance and safety. (a) Written notice. Manufacturers shall provide to the Commission copies of the written notice required by Sec. 1406.4(a). If the written notice is provided to purchasers in a way, such as by casting or stamping the notice into the stove, that makes it impractical to furnish a sample of the actual notice to the Commission, the manufacturer will provide an actual-size copy of the notice and a description of the forming process. (b) Directions. Manufacturers shall provide to the Commission a copy of the directions required by Sec. 1406.4(b). (c) Rationale. Manufacturers shall provide to the Commission a statement of how the distances to combustibles required to be stated by Sec. 1406.4(a)(1) were determined. In addition, the maufacturer will state the type of appliance, its fuel, size, and weight, and the material of which it is constructed, unless this information is included in the directions submitted under paragraph (b) of this section. (d) General. (1) The information required to be submitted under paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section shall be submitted for each distinct design or model of appliance manufactured. An appliance will be considered to be a distinct design or model if it differs from other appliances of the same manufacturer by functional differences such as performance, weight, [[Page 568]] size, or capacity. Differences in cosmetic or other nonfunctional features do not require the submission of additional information. (2) The written notice, directions, and rationale shall be provided to the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207, by December 6, 1983. If there is a subsequent change in the component materials or design features of a model for which this information was previously submitted that could cause the model to require different clearances from combustibles or a different type of chimney, or if a new product is introduced into United States commerce, the required information shall be submitted within 30 days after the change or introduction. (Approved by Office of Management and Budget under control number 3041- 0040) [48 FR 50706, Nov. 3, 1983, as amended at 62 FR 46667, Sept. 4, 1997] PART 1407_PORTABLE GENERATORS: REQUIREMENTS TO PROVIDE PERFORMANCE AND TECHNICAL DATA BY LABELING--Table of Contents Sec. 1407.1 Purpose, scope, and effective date. 1407.2 Definitions. 1407.3 Providing performance and technical data to purchasers by labeling. Figure 1 to Part 1407--On-product carbon monoxide poisoning hazard label Figure 2 to Part 1407--Safety alert symbol Figure 3 to Part 1407--Carbon monoxide poisoning hazard label for package Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2076(e). Source: 72 FR 1450, Jan. 12, 2007, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1407.1 Purpose, scope, and effective date. This part 1407 establishes requirements under section 27(e) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2076(e)) for manufacturers to provide consumers with a specified notification concerning the carbon monoxide poisoning hazard associated with the use of portable generators. The notification is intended to provide consumers with technical and performance information related to the safety of portable generators. This part applies to any generator manufactured or imported on or after May 14, 2007. Sec. 1407.2 Definitions. (a) The definitions in section 3 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2052) apply to this part 1407. (b) A portable generator is an internal combustion engine-driven electric generator rated no higher than 15 kilowatts and 250 volts that is intended to be moved for temporary use at a location where utility- supplied electric power is not available. It has receptacle outlets for the alternating-current (AC) output circuits, and may have alternating- or direct-current (DC) sections for supplying energy to battery charging circuits. Sec. 1407.3 Providing performance and technical data to purchasers by labeling. (a) Notice to purchasers. Manufacturers of portable generators shall give notification of performance and technical data related to performance and safety to prospective purchasers of such products at the time of original purchase and to the first purchaser of such product for purposes other than resale, in the manner set forth below. (1) On-product label. The CO poisoning hazard label shown in fig. 1 shall be used on the product. A different representation of the generator may be substituted for accuracy if consumers are more likely to recognize the substituted representation as the generator to which this label is affixed. Alternate-language versions of this label may appear on the product in addition to the label specified in figure 1. If the product label is also provided by the manufacturer in additional language(s), it shall appear adjacent to or below the English-language version of the product label, and shall be no larger than the English- language version of the label. Versions of the product label that are in a language other than English may appear without the pictograms that appear in the English-language versions. (i) The signal word ``DANGER'' shall be in letters not less than 0.15 inch (3.8 mm) high. The remaining text shall be [[Page 569]] in type whose uppercase letters are not less than 0.1 inch (2.5 mm) high. (ii) The signal word ``DANGER'' shall appear in white letters on a safety red background. The safety alert symbol shown in fig. 2 shall appear immediately before and next to the signal word and be no smaller than the height of the signal word with the base of the triangle on the same horizontal line as the base of the signal word. The solid portion of the triangle (within the lines of the triangle, around the exclamation mark) shall be white and the exclamation mark shall be safety red. The prohibition circle-slash symbols shall be opaque. (iii) The on-product hazard label shown in fig. 1 shall be located: (A) On a part of the portable generator that cannot be removed without the use of tools, and (B) On a location that is prominent and conspicuous to an operator while performing at least two of the following actions: Filling the fuel tank, accessing the receptacle panel, and starting the engine. (iv) The on-product hazard label shown in fig. 1 shall be designed to remain permanently affixed, intact, legible, and largely unfaded in the environment in which the product is expected to be operated and stored over the life of the product. (2) Carbon monoxide poisoning hazard label for package. The CO poisoning hazard label shown in fig. 3 shall be affixed to the principal display panel(s) of the package, as well as the surface containing the top flaps of the package. The principal display panel(s) of the package is the portion(s) of the outer packaging that is designed to be most prominently displayed, shown, presented, or examined under conditions of retail sale. Any panel of the package that includes text in a language other than English shall also include a CO poisoning hazard label in that language. Alternate-language versions of the label, in addition to the label specified in figure 3, may also appear on the top flaps of the package as long as they are physically separate from one another. A different representation of the generator may be substituted for accuracy if consumers are more likely to recognize the substituted representation as the generator contained within the packaging. (i) The signal word ``DANGER'' shall be in letters not less than 0.15 inch (3.8 mm) high. The remaining text shall be in type whose uppercase letters are not less than 0.1 inch (2.5 mm) high. (ii) The signal word ``DANGER'' shall appear in white letters on a safety red background. The safety alert symbol shown in fig. 2 shall appear immediately before and next to the signal word and be no smaller than the height of the signal word with the base of the triangle on the same horizontal line as the base of the signal word. The solid portion of the triangle (within the lines of the triangle, around the exclamation mark) shall be white and the exclamation mark shall be safety red. The prohibition circle-slash symbols shall be opaque. (b) [Reserved] [[Page 570]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR18JA07.006 [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR18JA07.007 [[Page 571]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR18JA07.008 [72 FR 1450, Jan. 12, 2007, as amended at 72 FR 2184, Jan. 18, 2007] PART 1420_REQUIREMENTS FOR ALL TERRAIN VEHICLES--Table of Contents Sec. 1420.1 Scope, application and effective date. 1420.2 Definitions. 1420.3 Requirements for four-wheel ATVs. 1420.4 Restrictions on three-wheel ATVs. Authority: The Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, Pub. Law 110-314, Sec. 232, 122 Stat. 3016 (August 14, 2008). Source: 73 FR 67386, Nov. 14, 2008, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1420.1 Scope, application and effective date. This part 1420, a consumer product safety standard, prescribes requirements for all terrain vehicles. The requirements for four-wheel ATVs in Sec. 1420.3 take effect on January 1, 2019, and apply to new assembled or unassembled ATVs manufactured or imported on or after that date. The restrictions on three-wheel ATVs stated in Sec. 1420.4 take effect September 13, 2008. [73 FR 67386, Nov. 14, 2008, as amended at 77 FR 12200, Feb. 29, 2012; 83 FR 8340, Feb. 27, 2018] Sec. 1420.2 Definitions. In addition to the definitions in section 3 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2052), the following definitions apply for purposes of this Part 1420. (a) All terrain vehicle or ATV means: (1) Any motorized, off-highway vehicle designed to travel on 3 or 4 wheels, having a seat designed to be straddled by the operator and handlebars for steering control; but (2) Does not include a prototype of a motorized, off-highway, all- terrain vehicle that is intended exclusively for research and development purposes unless the vehicle is offered for sale. (b) ATV action plan means a written plan or letter of undertaking that describes actions the manufacturer or distributor agrees to take to promote ATV safety, including rider training, [[Page 572]] dissemination of safety information, age recommendations, other policies governing marketing and sale of the ATVs, the monitoring of such sales, and other safety related measures, and that is substantially similar to the plans described under the heading ``The Undertakings of the Companies'' in the Commission Notice published in the Federal Register on September 9, 1998 (63 FR 48199-48204). Sec. 1420.3 Requirements for four-wheel ATVs. (a) Each ATV shall comply with all applicable provisions of the American National Standard for Four-Wheel All-Terrain Vehicles (ANSI/ SVIA 1-2017), ANSI-approved on June 8, 2017. The Director of the Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy from Specialty Vehicle Institute of America, 2 Jenner, Suite 150, Irvine, CA 92618- 3806; telephone: 949-727-3727 ext. 3023; www.svia.org. You may inspect a copy at the Office of the Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East-West Highway, Bethesda, MD. 20814, telephone: 301-504-7923, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: www.archives.gov/federal- register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. (b) Each ATV must be subject to an ATV action plan filed with the Commission before August 14, 2008 or subsequently filed with and approved by the Commission, and shall bear a label certifying such compliance and identifying the manufacturer, importer or private labeler and the ATV action plan to which it is subject. (c) The ATV manufacturer or distributor shall be in compliance with all provisions of the applicable ATV action plan. [73 FR 67386, Nov. 14, 2008, as amended at 77 FR 12200, Feb. 29, 2012; 83 FR 8340, Feb. 27, 2018] Sec. 1420.4 Restrictions on three-wheel ATVs. Until a mandatory consumer product safety standard applicable to three-wheel ATVs promulgated pursuant to the Consumer Product Safety Act is in effect, new three wheel ATVs may not be imported into or distributed in commerce in the United States. PART 1450_VIRGINIA GRAEME BAKER POOL AND SPA SAFETY ACT REGULATIONS-- Table of Contents Sec. 1450.1-1450.2 [Reserved] 1450.3 Incorporation by reference. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 2051-2089, 86 Stat. 1207; 15 U.S.C. 8001-8008, 121 Stat. 1794. Source: 75 FR 21987, Apr. 27, 2010, unless otherwise noted. Sec. Sec. 1450.1-1450.2 [Reserved] Sec. 1450.3 Incorporation by reference. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each swimming pool or spa drain cover manufactured, distributed, or entered into commerce in the United States shall conform to the entrapment protection standards of ANSI/APSP/ICC-16 2017, American National Standard for Suction Outlet Fitting Assemblies (SOFA) for Use in Pools, Spas and Hot Tubs, approved on August 18, 2017. The Director of the Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy from the Pool & Hot Tub Alliance (formerly known as the Association of Pool & Spa Professionals), 2111 Eisenhower Avenue, Alexandria, Virginia 22314; http://www.apsp.org, telephone 703-838-0083. You may inspect a copy at the Division of the Secretariat, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone 301-504-7923, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to https://www.archives.gov/ federal-regster/cfr/ibr-locations.html. (b) The CPSC standard does not require compliance with the following provisions: (1) Section 1.1.3 of ANSI/APSP/ICC-16 2017. (2) Sections 1.3.3.1 through 1.3.3.2 of ANSP/APSP/ICC-16 2017. [[Page 573]] (3) Section 3.2.4 of ANSI/APSP/ICC-16 2017. (4) Section 3.5.1 of ANSI/APSP/ICC-16 2017. (5) Sections 3.6.1 through 3.6.4.3 of ANSI/APSP/ICC-16 2017. (6) Section 3.7 of ANSI/APSP/ICC-16 2017. (7) Section 9.4 of ANSI/APSP/ICC-16 2017. [84 FR 24027, May 24, 2019] PART 1460_CHILDREN'S GASOLINE BURN PREVENTION ACT REGULATION--Table of Contents Sec. 1460.1 Scope and application. 1460.2 Definition. 1460.3 Requirements for child-resistance for closures on portable gasoline containers. Authority: Sec. 2, Pub. L. 110-278, 122 Stat. 2602; and Pub. L. 116- 260, div. FF, title IX, Sec. 901(c). Source: 80 FR 16963, Mar. 31, 2015, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1460.1 Scope and application. In accordance with the Children's Gasoline Burn Prevention Act, portable gasoline containers must comply with the requirements specified in Sec. 1460.3, which are considered to be a consumer product safety rule. Sec. 1460.2 Definition. Portable fuel container means any portable gasoline container intended for use by consumers and any receptacle for gasoline, kerosene, or diesel fuel, including any spout, cap, and other closure mechanism and component of such receptacle or any retrofit or aftermarket spout or component intended or reasonably anticipated to be for use with such receptacle, produced or distributed for sale to or use by consumers for transport of, or refueling of internal combustion engines with, gasoline, kerosene, or diesel fuel. [87 FR 71247, Nov. 22, 2022] Sec. 1460.3 Requirements for child-resistance for closures on portable gasoline containers. Each portable gasoline container manufactured on or after December 22, 2022 for sale in the United States shall conform to the child- resistance requirements for closures on portable gasoline containers specified in sections 2 through 7 of ASTM F2517-22e1. ASTM F2517-22e1, Standard Specification for Determination of Child Resistance of Portable Fuel Containers for Consumer Use, approved June 1, 2022 is incorporated by reference into this section with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. This material is available for inspection at the Office of the Secretary, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission at: Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, telephone (301) 504-7479, email [email protected], or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ ibr-locations.html. A read-only copy of the standard is available for viewing on the ASTM website at www.astm.org/READINGLIBRARY/. This material may be obtained from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959; telephone (610) 832-9585; www.astm.org. [87 FR 71247, Nov. 22, 2022] [[Page 574]] SUBCHAPTER C_FEDERAL HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES ACT REGULATIONS PART 1500_HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES AND ARTICLES: ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT REGULATIONS--Table of Contents Sec. 1500.1 Scope of subchapter. 1500.2 Authority. 1500.3 Definitions. 1500.4 Human experience with hazardous substances. 1500.5 Hazardous mixtures. 1500.12 Products declared to be hazardous substances under section 3(a) of the act. 1500.13 Listing of ``strong sensitizer'' substances. 1500.14 Products requiring special labeling under section 3(b) of the act. 1500.15 Labeling of fire extinguishers. 1500.17 Banned hazardous substances. 1500.18 Banned toys and other banned articles intended for use by children. 1500.19 Misbranded toys and other articles intended for use by children. 1500.20 Labeling requirement for advertising toys and games. 1500.40 Method of testing toxic substances. 1500.41 Method of testing primary irritant substances. 1500.42 Test for eye irritants. 1500.43 Method of test for flashpoint of volatile flammable materials by Tagliabue open-cup apparatus. 1500.43a Method of test for flashpoint of volatile flammable materials. 1500.44 Method for determining extremely flammable and flammable solids. 1500.45 Method for determining extremely flammable and flammable contents of self-pressurized containers. 1500.46 Method for determining flashpoint of extremely flammable contents of self-pressurized containers. 1500.48 Technical requirements for determining a sharp point in toys and other articles intended for use by children under 8 years of age. 1500.49 Technical requirements for determining a sharp metal or glass edge in toys and other articles intended for use by children under 8 years of age. 1500.50 Test methods for simulating use and abuse of toys and other articles intended for use by children. 1500.51 Test methods for simulating use and abuse of toys and other articles intended for use by children 18 months of age or less. 1500.52 Test methods for simulating use and abuse of toys and other articles intended for use by children over 18 but not over 36 months of age. 1500.53 Test methods for simulating use and abuse of toys and other articles intended for use by children over 36 but not over 96 months of age. 1500.81 Exemptions for food, drugs, cosmetics, and fuels. 1500.82 Exemption from full labeling and other requirements. 1500.83 Exemptions for small packages, minor hazards, and special circumstances. 1500.85 Exemptions from classification as banned hazardous substances. 1500.86 Exemptions from classification as a banned toy or other banned article for use by children. 1500.87 Children's products containing lead: inaccessible component parts. 1500.88 Exemptions from lead limits under section 101 of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act for certain electronic devices. 1500.89 Procedures and requirements for determinations regarding lead content of materials or products under section 101(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act. 1500.90 Procedures and requirements for exclusions from lead limits under section 101(b) of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act. 1500.91 Determinations regarding lead content for certain materials or products under section 101 of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act. 1500.121 Labeling requirements; prominence, placement, and conspicuousness. 1500.122 Deceptive use of disclaimers. 1500.123 Condensation of label information. 1500.125 Labeling requirements for accompanying literature. 1500.126 Substances determined to be ``special hazards.'' 1500.127 Substances with multiple hazards. 1500.128 Label comment. 1500.129 Substances named in the Federal Caustic Poison Act. 1500.130 Self-pressurized containers: labeling. 1500.133 Extremely flammable contact adhesives; labeling. 1500.134 Policy on first aid labeling for saline emesis. 1500.135 Summary of guidelines for determining chronic toxicity. 1500.210 Responsibility. 1500.211 Guaranty. 1500.212 Definition of guaranty; suggested forms. [[Page 575]] 1500.213 Presentation of views under section 7 of the act. 1500.214 Examinations and investigations; samples. 1500.230 Guidance for lead (Pb) in consumer products. 1500.231 Guidance for hazardous liquid chemicals in children's products. 1500.232 Statement on animal testing policy. Imports 1500.265 Imports; definitions. 1500.266 Notice of sampling. 1500.267 Payment for samples. 1500.268 Hearing. 1500.269 Application for authorization. 1500.270 Granting of authorization. 1500.271 Bonds. 1500.272 Costs chargeable in connection with relabeling and reconditioning inadmissible imports. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 1261-1278. Source: 38 FR 27012, Sept. 27, 1973, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1500.1 Scope of subchapter. Set forth in this subchapter C are the regulations of the Consumer Product Safety Commission issued pursuant to and for the implementation of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act as amended (see Sec. 1500.3(a)(1)). Sec. 1500.2 Authority. Authority under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act is vested in the Consumer Product Safety Commission by section 30(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2079(a)). Sec. 1500.3 Definitions. (a) Certain terms used in this part. As used in this part: (1) Act means the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (Pub. L. 86-613, 74 Stat. 372-81 (15 U.S.C. 1261-74)) as amended by: (i) The Child Protection Act of 1966 (Pub. L. 89-756, 80 Stat. 1303- 05). (ii) The Child Protection and Toy Safety Act of 1969 (Pub. L. 91- 113, 83 Stat. 187-90). (iii) The Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 (Pub. L. 91-601, 84 Stat. 1670-74). (2) Commission means the Consumer Product Safety Commission established May 14, 1973, pursuant to provisions of the Consumer Product Safety Act (Pub. L. 92-573, 86 Stat. 1207-33 (15 U.S.C. 2051-81)). (b) Statutory definitions. Except for the definitions given in section 2 (c) and (d) of the act, which are obsolete, the definitions set forth in section 2 of the act are applicable to this part and are repeated for convenience as follows (some of these statutory definitions are interpreted, supplemented, or provided with alternatives in paragraph (c) of this section): (1) Territory means any territory or possession of the United States, including the District of Columbia and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico but excluding the Canal Zone. (2) Interstate commerce means (i) commerce between any State or territory and any place outside thereof and (ii) commerce within the District of Columbia or within any territory not organized with a legislative body. (3) Person includes an individual, partnership, corporation, and association. (4)(i) Hazardous substance means: (A) Any substance or mixture of substances which is toxic, corrosive, an irritant, a strong sensitizer, flammable or combustible, or generates pressure through decomposition, heat, or other means, if such substance or mixture of substances may cause substantial personal injury or substantial illness during or as a proximate result of any customary or reasonably foreseeable handling or use, including reasonably foreseeable ingestion by children. (B) Any substance which the Commission by regulation finds, pursuant to the provisions of section 3(a) of the act, meet the requirements of section 2(f)(1)(A) of the act (restated in (A) above). (C) Any radioactive substance if, with respect to such substance as used in a particular class of article or as packaged, the Commission determines by regulation that the substance is sufficiently hazardous to require labeling in accordance with the act in order to protect the public health. (D) Any toy or other article intended for use by children which the Commission by regulation determines, in accordance with section 3(e) of the act, presents an electrical, mechanical, or thermal hazard. [[Page 576]] (ii) Hazardous substance shall not apply to pesticides subject to the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act, to foods, drugs, and cosmetics subject to the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, nor to substances intended for use as fuels when stored in containers and used in the heating, cooking, or refrigeration system of a house. ``Hazardous substance'' shall apply, however, to any article which is not itself a pesticide within the meaning of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act but which is a hazardous substance within the meaning of section 2(f)(1) of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (restated in paragraph (b)(4)(i) of this section) by reason of bearing or containing such a pesticide. (iii) Hazardous substance shall not include any source material, special nuclear material, or byproduct material as defined in the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, and regulations issued pursuant thereto by the Atomic Energy Commission. (5) Toxic shall apply to any substance (other than a radioactive substance) which has the capacity to produce personal injury or illness to man through ingestion, inhalation, or absorption through any body surface. (6)(i) Highly toxic means any substance which falls within any of the following categories: (A) Produces death within 14 days in half or more than half of a group of 10 or more laboratory white rats each weighing between 200 and 300 grams, at a single dose of 50 milligrams or less per kilogram of body weight, when orally administered; or (B) Produces death within 14 days in half or more than half of a group of 10 or more laboratory white rats each weighing between 200 and 300 grams, when inhaled continuously for a period of 1 hour or less at an atmospheric concentration of 200 parts per million by volume or less of gas or vapor or 2 milligrams per liter by volume or less of mist or dust, provided such concentration is likely to be encountered by man when the substance is used in any reasonably foreseeable manner; or (C) Produces death within 14 days in half or more than half of a group of 10 or more rabbits tested in a dosage of 200 milligrams or less per kilogram of body weight, when administered by continuous contact with the bare skin for 24 hours or less. (ii) If the Commission finds that available data on human experience with any substance indicate results different from those obtained on animals in the dosages and concentrations specified in paragraph (b)(6)(i) of this section, the human data shall take precedence. (7) Corrosive means any substance which in contact with living tissue will cause destruction of tissue by chemical action, but shall not refer to action on inanimate surfaces. (8) Irritant means any substance not corrosive within the meaning of section 2(i) of the act (restated in paragraph (b)(7) of this section) which on immediate, prolonged, or repeated contact with normal living tissue will induce a local inflammatory reaction. (9) Strong sensitizer means a substance which will cause on normal living tissue through an allergic or photodynamic process a hypersensitivity which becomes evident on reapplication of the same substance and which is designated as such by the Commission. Before designating any substance as a strong sensitizer, the Commission, upon consideration of the frequency of occurrence and severity of the reaction, shall find that the substance has a significant potential for causing hypersensitivity. (10) The terms extremely flammable, flammable, and combustible as they apply to any substances, liquid, solid, or the contents of any self-pressurized container, are defined by regulations issued by the Commission and published at Sec. 1500.3(c)(6). (11) Radioactive substance means a substance which emits ionizing radiation. (12) Label means a display of written, printed, or graphic matter upon the immediate container of any substance or, in the cases of an article which is unpackaged or is not packaged in an immediate container intended or suitable for delivery to the ultimate consumer, a display of such matter directly upon the article involved or upon a tag or other suitable material affixed thereto. A requirement made by [[Page 577]] or under authority of the act that any word, statement, or other information appear on the label shall not be considered to be complied with unless such word, statement, or other information also appears (i) on the outside container or wrapper, if any there be, unless it is easily legible through the outside container or wrapper and (ii) on all accompanying literature where there are directions for use, written or otherwise. (13) Immediate container does not include package liners. (14) Misbranded hazardous substance means a hazardous substance (including a toy, or other article intended for use by children, which is a hazardous substance, or which bears or contains a hazardous substance in such manner as to be susceptible of access by a child to whom such toy or other article is entrusted) intended, or packaged in a form suitable, for use in the household or by children, if the packaging or labeling of such substance is in violation of an applicable regulation issued pursuant to section 3 or 4 of the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 or if such substance, except as otherwise provided by or pursuant to section 3 of the act (Federal Hazardous Substances Act), fails to bear a label: (i) Which states conspicuously: (A) The name and place of business of the manufacturer, packer, distributor, or seller; (B) The common or usual name or the chemical name (if there be no common or usual name) of the hazardous substance or of each component which contributes substantially to its hazard, unless the Commission by regulation permits or requires the use of a recognized generic name; (C) The signal word ``DANGER'' on substances which are extremely flammable, corrosive, or highly toxic; (D) The signal word ``WARNING'' or ``CAUTION'' on all other hazardous substances; (E) An affirmative statement of the principal hazard or hazards, such as ``Flammable,'' ``Combustible,'' ``Vapor Harmful,'' ``Causes Burns,'' ``Absorbed Through Skin,'' or similar wording descriptive of the hazard; (F) Precautionary measures describing the action to be followed or avoided, except when modified by regulation of the Commission pursuant to section 3 of the act; (G) Instruction, when necessary or appropriate, for first-aid treatment; (H) The word Poison for any hazardous substance which is defined as ``highly toxic'' by section 2(h) of the act (restated in paragraph (b)(6) of this section); (I) Instructions for handling and storage of packages which require special care in handling or storage; and (J) The statement (1) ``Keep out of the reach of children'' or its practical equivalent, or, (2) if the article is intended for use by children and is not a banned hazardous substance, adequate directions for the protection of children from the hazard; and (ii) On which any statements required under section 2(p)(1) of the act (restated in paragraph (b)(14)(i) of this section) are located prominently and are in the English language in conspicuous and legible type in contrast by typography, layout, or color with other printed matter on the label. Misbranded hazardous substance also means a household substance as defined in section 2(2)(D) of the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 if it is a substance described in section 2(f)(1) of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (restated in paragraph (b)(4)(i)(A) of this section) and its packaging or labeling is in violation of an applicable regulation issued pursuant to section 3 or 4 of the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970. (15)(i) Banned hazardous substance means: (A) Any toy, or other article intended for use by children, which is a hazardous substance, or which bears or contains a hazardous substance in such manner as to be susceptible of access by a child to whom such toy or other article is entrusted; or (B) Any hazardous substance intended, or packaged in a form suitable, for use in the household, which the Commission by regulation classifies as a ``banned hazardous substance'' on the basis of a finding that, notwithstanding such cautionary labeling as is or may be required under the act for that substance, the degree or nature of the hazard involved in the presence or [[Page 578]] use of such substance in households is such that the objective of the protection of the public health and safety can be adequately served only by keeping such substance, when so intended or packaged, out of the channels of interstate commerce; Provided, That the Commission by regulation (1) shall exempt from section 2(q)(1)(A) of the act (restated in paragraph (b)(15)(i)(A) of this section) articles, such as chemistry sets, which by reason of their functional purpose require the inclusion of the hazardous substance involved, or necessarily present an electrical, mechanical, or thermal hazard, and which bear labeling giving adequate directions and warnings for safe use and are intended for use by children who have attained sufficient maturity, and may reasonably be expected, to read and heed such directions and warnings, and (2) shall exempt from section 2(q)(1)(A) of the act (restated in paragraph (b)(15)(i)(A) of this section), and provide for the labeling of, common fireworks (including toy paper caps, cone fountains, cylinder fountains, whistles without report, and sparklers) to the extent that the Commission determines that such articles can be adequately labeled to protect the purchasers and users thereof. (ii) Proceedings for the issuance, amendment, or repeal of regulations pursuant to section 2(q)(1)(B) of the act (restated in paragraph (b)(15)(i)(B) of this section) shall be governed by the provisions of section 701 (e), (f), and (g) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act: Provided, That if the Commission finds that the distribution for household use of the hazardous substance involved presents an imminent hazard to the public health, the Commission may by order published in the Federal Register give notice of such finding, and thereupon such substance when intended or offered for household use, or when so packaged as to be suitable for such use, shall be deemed to be a ``banned hazardous substance'' pending the completion of proceedings relating to the issuance of such regulations. (16) ``Electrical hazard''--an article may be determined to present an electrical hazard if, in normal use or when subjected to reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse, its design or manufacture may cause personal injury or illness by electric shock. (17) ``Mechanical hazard''--an article may be determined to present a mechanical hazard if, in normal use or when subjected to reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse, its design or manufacture presents an unreasonable risk of personal injury or illness: (i) From fracture, fragmentation, or disassembly of the article; (ii) From propulsion of the article (or any part or accessory thereof); (iii) From points or other protrusions, surfaces, edges, openings, or closures; (iv) From moving parts; (v) From lack or insufficiency of controls to reduce or stop motion; (vi) As a result of self-adhering characteristics of the article; (vii) Because the article (or any part or accessory thereof) may be aspirated or ingested; (viii) Because of instability; or (ix) Because of any other aspect of the article's design or manufacture. (18) ``Thermal hazard''--an article may be determined to present a thermal hazard if, in normal use or when subjected to reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse, its design or manufacture presents an unreasonable risk of personal injury or illness because of heat as from heated parts, substances, or surfaces. (c) Certain statutory definitions interpreted, supplemented, or provided with alternatives. The following items interpret, supplement, or provide alternatives to definitions set forth in section 2 of the act (and restated in paragraph (b) of this section): (1) To provide flexibility as to the number of animals tested, and to emphasize in vitro testing methods, the following is an alternative to the definition of ``highly toxic'' in section 2(h) of the act (and paragraph (b)(6) of this section); Highly toxic means: (i) A substance determined by the Commission to be highly toxic on the basis of human experience; and/or (ii) A substance that produces death within 14 days in half or more than half of a group of: [[Page 579]] (A) White rats (each weighing between 200 and 300 grams) when a single dose of 50 milligrams or less per kilogram of body weight is administered orally; (B) White rats (each weighing between 200 and 300 grams) when a concentration of 200 parts per million by volume or less of gas or vapor, or 2 milligrams per liter by volume or less of mist or dust, is inhaled continuously for 1 hour or less, if such concentration is likely to be encountered by man when the substance is used in any reasonably foreseeable manner; and/or (C) Rabbits (each weighing between 2.3 and 3.0 kilograms) when a dosage of 200 milligrams or less per kilogram of body weight is administered by continuous contact with the bare skin for 24 hours or less by the method described in Sec. 1500.40. The number of animals tested shall be sufficient to give a statistically significant result and shall be in conformity with good pharmacological practices. (iii) A substance that produces a result of `highly toxic' in any of the approved test methods described in the CPSC's animal testing policy set forth in 16 CFR 1500.232, including data from in vitro or in silico test methods that the Commission has approved; or a validated weight-of- evidence analysis comprising all of the following that are available: existing human and animal data, structure activity relationships, physicochemical properties, and chemical reactivity data. (2) To give specificity to the definition of ``toxic'' in section 2(g) of the act (and restated in paragraph (b)(5) of this section), the following supplements that definition. ``Toxic'' applies to any substance that is ``toxic'' (but not ``highly toxic'') on the basis of human experience. The following categories are not intended to be inclusive. (i) Acute toxicity. Toxic means any substance that produces death within 14 days in half or more than half of a group of: (A) White rats (each weighing between 200 and 300 grams) when a single dose of from 50 milligrams to 5 grams per kilogram of body weight is administered orally. Substances falling in the toxicity range between 500 milligrams and 5 grams per kilogram of body weight will be considered for exemption from some or all of the labeling requirements of the act, under Sec. 1500.82, upon a showing that such labeling is not needed because of the physical form of the substances (solid, a thick plastic, emulsion, etc.), the size or closure of the container, human experience with the article, or any other relevant factors; (B) White rats (each weighing between 200 and 300 grams) when an atmospheric concentration of more than 200 parts per million but not more than 20,000 parts per million by volume of gas or vapor, or more than 2 but not more than 200 milligrams per liter by volume of mist or dust, is inhaled continuously for 1 hour or less, if such concentration is likely to be encountered by man when the substance is used in any reasonably foreseeable manner; and/or (C) Rabbits (each weighing between 2.3 and 3.0 kilograms) when a dosage of more than 200 milligrams but not more than 2 grams per kilogram of body weight is administered by continuous contact with the bare skin for 24 hours by the method described in Sec. 1500.40. (D) The number of animals tested shall be sufficient to give a statistically significant result and shall be in conformity with good pharmacological practices. Toxic also applies to any substance that can be labeled as such, based on the outcome of any of the approved test methods described in the CPSC's animal testing policy set forth in Sec. 1500.232, including data from in vitro or in silico test methods that the Commission has approved; or a validated weight-of-evidence analysis comprising all of the following that are available: Existing human and animal data, structure activity relationships, physicochemical properties, and chemical reactivity data. (ii) Chronic toxicity. A substance is toxic because it presents a chronic hazard if it falls into one of the following categories. (For additional information see the chronic toxicity guidelines at 16 CFR 1500.135.) (A) For Carcinogens. A substance is toxic if it is or contains a known or probable human carcinogen. [[Page 580]] (B) For Neurotoxicological Toxicants. A substance is toxic if it is or contains a known or probable human neurotoxin. (C) For Developmental or Reproductive Toxicants. A substance is toxic if it is or contains a known or probable human developmental or reproductive toxicant. (3) The definition of corrosive in section 2(i) of the act (restated in paragraph (b)(7) of this section) is interpreted to also mean the following: Corrosive means a substance that causes visible destruction or irreversible alterations in the tissue at the site of contact. A test for a corrosive substance is whether, by human experience, such tissue destruction occurs at the site of application. A substance would be considered corrosive to the skin if a weight-of-evidence analysis suggests that it is corrosive, or validated in vitro test method suggests that it is corrosive, or if, when tested by the in vivo technique described in Sec. 1500.41, the structure of the tissue at the site of contact is destroyed or changed irreversibly in 24 hours or less. Other appropriate tests should be applied when contact of the substance with other than skin tissue is being considered. A substance could also be labeled corrosive based on the outcome of any of the approved test methods described in the CPSC's animal testing policy set forth in 16 CFR 1500.232, including data from in vitro or in silico test methods that the Commission has approved; or a validated weight-of- evidence analysis comprising all of the following that are available: Existing human and animal data, structure activity relationships, physicochemical properties, and chemical reactivity data. (4) The definition of irritant in section 2(j) of the act (restated in paragraph (b)(8) of this section) is supplemented by the following: Irritant includes primary irritant to the skin, as well as substances irritant to the eye or to mucous membranes. Primary irritant means a substance that is not corrosive and that human experience data indicate is a primary irritant; and/or means a substance that results in an empirical score of five or more when tested by the method described in 1500.41; and/or a substance that can be considered a primary irritant based on the outcome of any of the approved test methods described in the CPSC's animal testing policy set forth in 16 CFR 1500.232, including data from in vitro or in silico test methods that the Commission has approved; or a validated weight-of-evidence analysis comprising all of the following that are available: existing human and animal data, structure activity relationships, physicochemical properties, and chemical reactivity data. Eye irritant means a substance that human experience data indicate is an irritant to the eye; and/or means a substance for which a positive test is obtained when tested by the method described in 1500.42; and/or means a substance that can be considered an eye irritant based on the outcome of any of the approved test methods described in the CPSC's animal testing policy set forth in 16 CFR 1500.232, including data from in vitro or in silico test methods that the Commission has approved; or a validated weight-of-evidence analysis comprising all of the following that are available: existing human and animal data, structure activity relationships, physicochemical properties, and chemical reactivity data. (5) The definition of strong sensitizer in section 2(k) of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (restated in paragraph (b)(9) of this section) is supplemented by the following definitions: (i) Sensitizer. A sensitizer is a substance that is capable of inducing a state of immunologically mediated hypersensitivity (including allergic photosensitivity) following a variable period of exposure to that substance. Hypersensitivity to a substance will become evident by an allergic reaction elicited upon reexposure to the same substance. (ii) Significant potential for causing hypersensitivity. (A) Before designating any substance a ``strong sensitizer,'' the Commission shall find that the substance has significant potential for causing hypersensitivity. Significant potential for causing hypersensitivity is a relative determination that must be made separately for each substance. The determination may be based on documented medical evidence of hypersensitivity reactions upon subsequent [[Page 581]] exposure to the same substance obtained from epidemiological surveys or case histories; controlled in vivo or in vitro experimental studies; susceptibility profiles (e.g., genetics, age, gender, atopic status) in non-sensitized or allergic subjects; and chemical or functional properties of the substance. (B) In determining whether a substance is a ``strong'' sensitizer, the Commission shall consider the available data for a number of factors, following a weight-of-evidence approach. The following factors (if available), ranked in descending order of importance, should be considered: well-conducted clinical and diagnostic studies, epidemiological studies, with a preference for general population studies over occupational studies, well-conducted animal studies, well- conducted in vitro test studies, cross-reactivity data, and case histories. (C) Additional consideration may be given to Quantitative Structure- Activity Relationships (QSARs), in silico data, specific human sensitization threshold values, other data on potency and sensitizer bioavailability, if data are available and the methods validated. Bioavailability is the dose of the allergen available to interact with a tissue. Bioavailability is a reflection of how well the skin or another organ can absorb the allergen and the actual penetrating ability of the allergen, including factors such as size and composition of the chemical. (D) Criteria for a ``well-conducted'' study would include: validated outcomes, relevant dosing, route of administration, and use of appropriate controls. Studies should be carried out according to national and/or international test guidelines and according to good laboratory practice (GLP), compliance with good clinical practice (GCP), and good epidemiological practice (GEP). (E) Before the Commission designates any substance as a ``strong'' sensitizer, frequency of occurrence and range of severity of reactions in exposed subpopulations having average or high susceptibility will be considered. The minimal severity of a reaction for the purpose of designating a material as a ``strong sensitizer'' is a clinically important reaction. A clinically important reaction would be considered one with a significant impact on quality of life. Consideration should be given to the location of the hypersensitivity response, such as the face, hands, and feet as well as persistence of clinical manifestations. For example, strong sensitizers may produce substantial illness, including any or all of the following: substantial physiological effects, such as discomfort and distress, substantial hardship, functional or structural impairment, persistent morbidity, or in rare cases, mortality. (iii) Normal living tissue. The allergic hypersensitivity reaction occurs in normal living tissues, including the skin, mucous membranes (e.g., ocular, oral), and other organ systems, such as the respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract, either singularly or in combination, following sensitization by contact, ingestion, or inhalation. (6) The Consumer Product Safety Commission, by the regulations published in this section, defines the terms extremely flammable, flammable, and combustible, appearing in section 2(1) of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act, as follows: (i) The term extremely flammable shall apply to any substance which has a flashpoint at or below 20 [deg]F (-6.7 [deg]C) as determined by the test method described at Sec. 1500.43a, except that, any mixture having one component or more with a flashpoint higher than 20 [deg]F (- 6.7 [deg]C) which comprises at least 99 percent of the total volume of the mixture is not considered to be an extremely flammable substance. (ii) The term flammable shall apply to any substance having a flashpoint above 20 [deg]F (-6.7 [deg]C) and below 100 [deg]F (37.8 [deg]C), as determined by the method described at Sec. 1500.43a, except that: (A) Any mixture having one component or more with a flashpoint at or above 100 [deg]F (37.8 [deg]C) which comprises at least 99 percent of the total volume of the mixture is not considered to be a flammable substance; and (B) Any mixture containing 24 percent or less of water miscible alcohols, by volume, in aqueous solution is not considered to be flammable if the mixture does not present a significant flammability hazard when used by consumers. [[Page 582]] (iii) The term combustible shall apply to any substance having a flashpoint at or above 100 [deg]F (37.8 [deg]C) to and including 150 [deg]F (65.6 [deg]C) as determined by the test method described at Sec. 1500.43a, except that: (A) Any mixture having one component or more with a flashpoint higher than 150 [deg]F (65.6 [deg]C) which comprises at least 99 percent of the total volume of the mixture is not considered to be a combustible hazardous substance; and (B) Any mixture containing 24 percent or less of water miscible alcohols, by volume, in aqueous solution is not considered to be combustible if the mixture does not present a significant flammability hazard when used by consumers. (iv) To determine flashpoint temperatures for purposes of enforcing and administering requirements of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act applicable to ``extremely flammable,'' ``flammable,'' and ``combustible'' hazardous substances, the Commission will follow the procedures set forth in Sec. 1500.43a. However, the Commission will allow manufacturers and labelers of substances and products subject to those requirements to rely on properly conducted tests using the Tagliabue open-cup method which was in effect prior to the issuance of Sec. 1500.43a (as published at 38 FR 27012, September 27, 1973, and set forth below), and the defintions of the terms ``extremely flammable,'' ``flammable,'' and ``combustible'' in this section before its amendment (as published at 38 FR 27012, September 27, 1983, and amended 38 FR 30105, November 1, 1973, set forth in the note following this section) if all of the following conditions are met: (A) The substance or product was subject to and complied with the requirements of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act for ``extremely flammable,'' ``flammable,'' or ``combustible'' hazardous substances before the effective date of Sec. 1500.43a; and (B) No change has been made to the formulation or labeling of such substance or product after the effective date of Sec. 1500.43a, prescribing a closed-cup test apparatus and procedure. (v) Extremely flammable solid means a solid substance that ignites and burns at an ambient temperature of 80 [deg]F or less when subjected to friction, percussion, or electrical spark. (vi) Flammable solid means a solid substance that, when tested by the method described in Sec. 1500.44, ignites and burns with a self- sustained flame at a rate greater than one-tenth of an inch per second along its major axis. (vii) Extremely flammable contents of self-pressurized container means contents of a self-pressurized container that, when tested by the method described in Sec. 1500.45, a flashback (a flame extending back to the dispenser) is obtained at any degree of valve opening and the flashpoint, when tested by the method described in Sec. 1500.43a is less than 20 [deg]F (-6.7 [deg]C). (viii) Flammable contents of self-pressurized container means contents of a self-pressurized container that, when tested by the method described in Sec. 1500.45, a flame projection exceeding 18 inches is obtained at full valve opening, or flashback (a flame extending back to the dispenser) is obtained at any degree of valve opening. (7) The definition of hazardous substance in section 2(f)(1)(A) of the act (restated in paragraph (b)(4)(i)(A) of this section) is supplemented by the following definitions or interpretations or terms used therein: (i) A substance or mixture of substances that ``generates pressure through decomposition, heat, or other means'' is a hazardous substance: (A) If it explodes when subjected to an electrical spark, percussion, or the flame of a burning paraffin candle for 5 seconds or less. (B) If it expels the closure of its container, or bursts its container, when held at or below 130 [deg]F. for 2 days or less. (C) If it erupts from its opened container at a temperature of 130 [deg]F. or less after having been held in the closed container at 130 [deg]F. for 2 days. (D) If it comprises the contents of a self-pressurized container. (ii) Substantial personal injury or illness means any injury or illness of a significant nature. It need not be severe or serious. What is excluded by the word ``substantial'' is a wholly insignificant or negligible injury or illness. [[Page 583]] (iii) Proximate result means a result that follows in the course of events without an unforeseeable, intervening, independent cause. (iv) Reasonably foreseeable handling or use includes the reasonably foreseeable accidental handling or use, not only by the purchaser or intended user of the product, but by all others in a household, especially children. (8) The definition of ``radioactive substance'' in section 2(m) of the act (restated in paragraph (b)(11) of this section) is supplemented by the following: Radioactive substance means a substance which, because of nuclear instability, emits electromagnetic and/or particulate radiation capable of producing ions in its passage through matter. Source materials, special nuclear material, and byproduct materials described in section 2(f)(3) of the act are exempt. (9) In the definition of ``label'' in section 2(n) of the act (restated in paragraph (b)(12) of this section), a provision stipulates that words, statements, or other information required to be on the label must also appear on all accompanying literature where there are directions for use, written or otherwise. To make this provision more specific, ``accompanying literature'' is interpreted to mean any placard, pamphlet, booklet, book, sign, or other written, printed, or graphic matter or visual device that provides directions for use, written or otherwise, and that is used in connection with the display, sale, demonstration, or merchandising of a hazardous substance intended for or packaged in a form suitable for use in the household or by children. (10) The definition of ``misbranded hazardous substance'' in section 2(p) of this act (restated in paragraph (b)(14) of this section) is supplemented by the following definitions or interpretations of terms used therein: (i) Hazardous substances intended, or packaged in a form suitable, for use in the household means any hazardous substance, whether or not packaged, that under any customary or reasonably foreseeable condition of purchase, storage, or use may be brought into or around a house, apartment, or other place where people dwell, or in or around any related building or shed including, but not limited to, a garage, carport, barn, or storage shed. The term includes articles, such as polishes or cleaners, designed primarily for professional use but which are available in retail stores, such as hobby shops, for nonprofessional use. Also included are items, such as antifreeze and radiator cleaners, that although principally for car use may be stored in or around dwelling places. The term does not include industrial supplies that might be taken into a home by a serviceman. An article labeled as, and marketed solely for, industrial use does not become subject to this act because of the possibility that an industrial worker may take a supply for his own use. Size of unit or container is not the only index of whether the article is suitable for use in or around the household; the test shall be whether under any reasonably foreseeable condition of purchase, storage, or use the article may be found in or around a dwelling. (ii) Conspicuously in section 2(p)(1) of the act and prominently and conspicuous in section 2(p)(2) of the act mean that, under customary conditions of purchase, storage, and use, the required information shall be visible, noticeable, and in clear and legible English. Some factors affecting a warning's prominence and conspicuousness are: Location, size of type, and contrast of printing against background. Also bearing on the effectiveness of a warning might be the effect of the package contents if spilled on the label. Note: The definitions of extremely flammable, flammable, and combustible hazardous substances set forth above in paragraphs (b)(10) and (c)(6) are effective August 10, 1987. The definitions remaining in effect until August 10, 1987, as published at 38 FR 27012, Sept. 27, 1973, and amended at 38 FR 30105, Nov. 1, 1973, are set forth below. Manufacturers and labelers of products subject to the Federal Hazardous Substances Act may continue to use these definitions for labeling of those products under the conditions set forth in Sec. 1500.3(c)(6)(iv), as amended. (b)(10) Extremely flammable shall apply to any substance which has a flashpoint at or below 20 [deg]F. as determined by the Tagliabue Open Cup Tester; flammable shall apply to any substance which has a flashpoint of above 20 [deg]F., to and including 80 [deg]F., as determined by the Tagliabue Open Cup Tester; and combustible shall apply to any substance [[Page 584]] which has a flashpoint above 80 [deg]F. to and including 150 [deg]F., as determined by the Tagliabue Open Cup Tester; except that the flammability or combustibility of solids and of the contents of self- pressurized containers shall be determined by methods found by the Commission to be generally applicable to such materials or containers, respectively, and established by regulations issued by the Commission, which regulations shall also define the terms flammable, combustible, and extremely flammable in accord with such methods. * * * * * (c)(6)(i) Extremely flammable means any substance that has a flashpoint at or below 20 [deg]F. as determined by the method described in Sec. 1500.43. (ii) Flammable means any substance that has a flashpoint of above 20 [deg]F., to and including 80 [deg]F., as determined by the method described in Sec. 1500.43. [38 FR 27012, Sept. 27, 1973, as amended at 38 FR 30105, Nov. 1, 1973; 49 FR 22465, May 30, 1984; 51 FR 28536, Aug. 8, 1986; 51 FR 29096, Aug. 14, 1986; 51 FR 30209, Aug. 25, 1986; 57 FR 46669, Oct. 9, 1992; 77 FR 73293, Dec. 10, 2012; 79 FR 8831, Feb. 14, 2014; 83 FR 8341, Feb. 27, 2018] Sec. 1500.4 Human experience with hazardous substances. (a) Reliable data on human experience with any substance should be taken into account in determining whether an article is a ``hazardous substance'' within the meaning of the act. When such data give reliable results different from results with animal data, the human experience takes precedence. (b) Experience may show that an article is more or less toxic, irritant, or corrosive to man than to test animals. It may show other factors that are important in determining the degree of hazard to humans represented by the substance. For example, experience shows that radiator antifreeze is likely to be stored in the household or garage and likely to be ingested in significant quantities by some persons. It also shows that a particular substance in liquid form is more likely to be ingested than the same substance in a paste or a solid and that an aerosol is more likely to get into the eyes and the nasal passages than a liquid. Sec. 1500.5 Hazardous mixtures. For a mixture of substances, the determination of whether the mixture is a ``hazardous substance'' as defined by section 2(f) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(4)) should be based on the physical, chemical, and pharmacological characteristics of the mixture. A mixture of substances may therefore be less hazardous or more hazardous than its components because of synergistic or antagonistic reactions. It may not be possible to reach a fully satisfactory decision concerning the toxic, irritant, corrosive, flammable, sensitizing, or pressure-generating properties of a substance from what is known about its components or ingredients. The mixture itself should be tested. Sec. 1500.12 Products declared to be hazardous substances under section 3(a) of the act. (a) The Commission finds that the following articles are hazardous substances within the meaning of the act because they are capable of causing substantial personal injury or substantial illness during or as a proximate result of any customary or reasonably foreseeable handling or use: (1) Charcoal briquettes and other forms of charcoal in containers for retail sale and intended for cooking or heating. (2) Metal-cored candlewicks that have a lead content of more than 0.06 percent of the total weight of the metal core, and candles made with such wicks. (b) [Reserved] [38 FR 27012, Sept. 27, 1973, as amended at 68 FR 19147, Apr. 18, 2003] Sec. 1500.13 Listing of ``strong sensitizer'' substances. On the basis of frequency of occurrence and severity of reaction information, the Commission finds that the following substances have a significant potential for causing hypersensitivity and therefore meet the definition for ``strong sensitizer'' in section 2(k) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(9)): (a) Paraphenylenediamine and products containing it. (b) Powdered orris root and products containing it. [[Page 585]] (c) Epoxy resins systems containing in any concentration ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, and diglycidyl ethers of molecular weight of less than 200. (d) Formaldehyde and products containing 1 percent or more of formaldehyde. (e) Oil of bergamot and products containing 2 percent or more of oil of bergamot. Sec. 1500.14 Products requiring special labeling under section 3(b) of the act. (a) Human experience, as reported in the scientific literature and to the Poison Control Centers and the National Clearing House for Poison Control Centers, and opinions of informed medical experts establish that the following substances are hazardous: (1) Diethylene glycol and mixtures containing 10 percent or more by weight of diethylene glycol. (2) Ethylene glycol and mixtures containing 10 percent or more by weight of ethylene glycol. (3) Products containing 5 percent or more by weight of benzene (also known as benzol) and products containing 10 percent or more by weight of toluene (also known as toluol), xylene (also known as xylol), or petroleum distillates such as kerosine, mineral seal oil, naphtha, gasoline, mineral spirits, stoddard solvent, and related petroleum distillates. (4) Methyl alcohol (methanol) and mixtures containing 4 percent or more by weight of methyl alcohol (methanol). (5) Turpentine (including gum turpentine, gum spirits of turpentine, steam-distilled wood turpentine, sulfate wood turpentine, and destructively distilled wood turpentine) and mixtures containing 10 percent or more by weight of such turpentine. (b) The Commission finds that the following substances present special hazards and that, for these substances, the labeling required by section 2(p)(1) of the act is not adequate for the protection of the public health. Under section 3(b) of the act, the following specific label statements are deemed necessary to supplement the labeling required by section 2(p)(1) of the act: (1) Diethylene glycol. Because diethylene glycol and mixtures containing 10 percent or more by weight of diethylene glycol are commonly marketed, stored, and used in a manner increasing the possibility of accidental ingestion, such products shall be labeled with the signal word ``warning'' and the statement ``Harmful if swallowed.'' (2) Ethylene glycol. Because ethylene glycol and mixtures containing 10 percent or more by weight of ethylene glycol are commonly marketed, stored, and used in a manner increasing the possibility of accidental ingestion, such products shall be labeled with the signal word ``warning'' and the statement ``Harmful or fatal if swallowed.'' (3) Benzene, toluene, xylene, petroleum distillates. (i) Because inhalation of the vapors of products containing 5 percent or more by weight of benzene may cause blood dyscrasias, such products shall be labeled with the signal word ``danger,'' the statement of hazard ``Vapor harmful,'' the word ``poison,'' and the skull and crossbones symbol. If the product contains 10 percent or more by weight of benzene, it shall bear the additional statement of hazard ``Harmful or fatal if swallowed'' and the additional statement ``Call physician immediately.'' (ii) Because products containing 10 percent or more by weight of toluene, xylene, or any of the other substances listed in paragraph (a)(3) of this section may be aspirated into the lungs, with resulting chemical pneumonitis, pneumonia, and pulmonary edema, such products shall be labeled with the signal word ``danger,'' the statement or hazard ``Harmful or fatal if swallowed,'' and the statement ``Call physician immediately.'' (iii) Because inhalation of the vapor of products containing 10 percent or more by weight of toluene or xylene may cause systemic injury, such products shall bear the statement of hazard ``Vapor harmful'' in addition to the statements prescribed in paragraph (b)(3)(ii) of this section. (4) Methyl alcohol (methanol). Because death and blindness can result from the ingestion of methyl alcohol, the label for this substance and for mixtures containing 4 percent or more by weight [[Page 586]] of this substance shall include the signal word ``danger,'' the additional word ``poison,'' and the skull and crossbones symbol. The statement of hazard shall include ``Vapor harmful'' and ``May be fatal or cause blindness if swallowed.'' The label shall also bear the statement ``Cannot be made nonpoisonous.'' (5) Turpentine. Because turpentine (including gum turpentine, gum spirits of turpentine, steam-distilled wood turpentine, sulfate wood turpentine, and destructively distilled wood turpentine) and products containing 10 percent or more by weight of such turpentine, in addition to oral toxicity resulting in systemic poisoning, may be aspirated into the lungs with resulting chemical pneumonitis, pneumonia, and pulmonary edema, such products shall be labeled with the signal word ``danger'' and the statement of hazard ``Harmful or fatal if swallowed.'' (6) Charcoal. Charcoal briquettes and other forms of charcoal in containers for retail sale and intended for cooking or heating. (i)(A) Because inhalation of the carbon monoxide produced by burning charcoal indoors or in confined areas may cause serious injury or death, containers of such products packaged before November 3, 1997, shall bear the following borderlined statement: WARNING: Do Not Use for Indoor Heating or Cooking Unless Ventilation Is Provided for Exhausting Fumes to Outside. Toxic Fumes May Accumulate and Cause Death (B) For bags of charcoal packaged before November 3, 1997, the statement specified in paragraph (b)(6)(i) of this section shall appear within a heavy borderline in a color sharply contrasting to that of the background, on both front and back panels in the upper 25 percent of the panels of the bag at least 2 inches below the seam, and at least 1 inch above any reading material or design elements in type size as follows: The signal word ``WARNING'' shall appear in capital letters at least three-eighths inch in height; the remaining text of the warning statement shall be printed in letters at least three-sixteenths inch in height. (ii)(A) Because inhalation of the carbon monoxide produced by burning charcoal indoors or in confined areas can cause serious injury or death, containers of such products packaged on or after November 3, 1997, shall bear the following borderlined label. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR03MY96.051 (B) Except as provided in paragraph (b)(6)(ii)(C) of this section, the following requirements apply to bags of charcoal subject to paragraph (b)(6)(ii)(A) of this section. The label specified in paragraph (b)(6)(ii)(A) of this section shall appear within a heavy borderline, in a color sharply contrasting to that of the background, on both the front and back panels in the upper 25 percent of the panels of the bag, and with the outer edge of the borderline at least 2.54 cm (1 inch) below the seam and at least 2.54 cm (1 inch) above any other reading material or design elements. The signal word ``WARNING'' shall be in bold capital letters in at least 7.14 mm (\9/32\ inch) [[Page 587]] type. The remaining text of the warning statement shall be in at least 4.763 mm (\3/16\ inch) type. The phrase ``CARBON MONOXIDE HAZARD'' shall be in bold. This phrase and the word ``NEVER'' shall be in all capital letters. The lettering shall have a strokewidth-to-height ratio of 1:6 to 1:8. The label shall be at least 50.8 mm (2 inches) high and 147.5 mm (5\13/16\ inches) wide. The label's lettering, spacing between the bottom of the letters of one line and the top of the letter of the next line, and pictogram shall have the size relation to each other and to the remainder of the label shown in paragraph (b)(6)(ii)(A) of this section. (C) For bags of charcoal subject to paragraph (b)(6)(ii)(A) of this section that are 6 inches or less wide, the minimum label height may be reduced to 38 mm (1.5 inches) and the minimum width may be reduced to 139.7 mm (5.5 inches). The signal word ``WARNING'' shall be in capital letters in at least 6.32 mm (0.249 inch) type. The remaining text of the warning shall be in at least 4.23 mm (0.166 inch) type. All other requirements of paragraphs 6(b)(ii) (A) and (B) of this section shall apply to these bags. (7) Fireworks devices. Because of the special hazards presented by fireworks devices if not used in a certain manner, the following listed fireworks devices shall be labeled as indicated: (i) Fountains. Warning (or Caution) FLAMMABLE (or EMITS SHOWERS OF SPARKS, if more descriptive). Use only under [close] adult supervision. (Use of the word close is optional.) For outdoor use only. Place on level surface. Light fuse and get away. (ii) California candles. Warning (or Caution) Emits Showers of Sparks Use only under [close] adult supervision. (Use of the word close is optional.) For outdoor use only. Hold in hand at bottom of tube. Point away from body so that neither end points toward body. (iii) Spike and handle cylindrical fountains. (A) Spike fountains. Warning (or Caution) Emits Showers of Sparks Use only under [close] adult supervision. (Use of the word close is optional.) For outdoor use only. Stick firmly in ground in an upright position. Do not hold in hand. Light fuse and get away. (B) Handle fountains. Warning (or Caution) Emits Showers of Sparks Use only under [close] adult supervision. (Use of the word close is optional.) For outdoor use only. Hold in hand--point away from body. Light fuse. (iv) Roman Candles. Warning (or Caution) Shoots Flaming Balls Use only under [close] adult supervision. (Use of the word close is optional.) For outdoor use only. Stick butt end in ground. Do not hold in hand. Light fuse and get away. (v) Rockets with sticks. Warning (or Caution) Flammable Use only under [close] adult supervision. (Use of the word close is optional.) For outdoor use only. Place in wooden trough or iron pipe at 75[deg] angle, pointing away from people or flammable material. Do not hold in hand. Light fuse and get away. (vi) Wheels. Warning (or Caution) Flammable (or Emits Showers of Sparks, if More Descriptive) Use only under [close] adult supervision. (Use of the word close is optional.) For outdoor use only. Attach securely by means of a nail through the hole (or place on hard flat surface, for ground spinners). Light fuse and get away. (vii) Illuminating torches. Warning (or Caution) Flammable (or Emits Showers of Sparks, if More Descriptive) Use only under [close] adult supervision. (Use of the word close is optional.) For outdoor use only. Hold in hand--point away from body, clothing, or other flammable material (or place upright on level ground. Do not hold in hand, if more descriptive). [[Page 588]] Light fuse (or light fuse and get away, if more descriptive). (viii) Sparklers. On the front and back panels: Warning (or Caution) Flammable On the side, front, back, top, or bottom panel. Caution Use only under [close] adult supervision. (Use of the word close is optional.) For outdoor use only. Do not touch glowing wire (or do not touch hot plastic, wood, etc., if more descriptive). Hold in hand with arm extended away from body. Keep burning end or sparks away from wearing apparel or other flammable material. (ix) Mines and shells. Warning (or Caution) Emits Showers of Sparks (or Shoots Flaming Balls, if More Descriptive) Use only under [close] adult supervision. (Use of the word close is optional.) For outdoor use only. Place on hard smooth surface (or place upright on level ground, if more descriptive). Do not hold in hand. Light fuse and get away. (x) Whistles without report. Warning (or Caution) Flammable SHOOTS WHISTLE IN AIR (if applicable) Use only under [close] adult supervision. (Use of the word close is optional.) For outdoor use only. Do not hold in hand. Light fuse and get away. (xi) Toy smoke devices and flitter devices. Warning (or Caution) Flammable (or Emits Showers of Sparks, if More Descriptive) Use only under [close] adult supervision. (Use of the word close is optional.) For outdoor use only. Do not hold in hand. Light fuse and get away. (xii) Helicopter-type rockets. Warning (or Caution) Flammable (or Emits Showers of Sparks, if More Descriptive) Use only under [close] adult supervision. (Use of the word close is optional.) For outdoor use only. Place on hard, open surface. Light fuse and get away. (xiii) Party poppers. Warning (or Caution) Flammable Use only under [close] adult supervision. (Use of the word close is optional.) Do not point either end toward face or other person. Hold in hand--jerk string. (xiv) Missile-type rockets. Warning (or Caution) Flammable (or Emits Showers of Sparks, if More Descriptive) Use only under [close] adult supervision. (Use of the word close is optional.) For outdoor use only. Place on hard, open surface. Light fuse and get away. (xv) Labeling--General. Any fireworks device not required to have a specific label as indicated above shall carry a warning label indicating to the user where and how the item is to be used and necessary safety precautions to be observed. All labels required under this section shall comply with the requirements of Sec. 1500.121 of these regulations. (See also Sec. 1500.17(a) (3), (8) and (9); Sec. 1500.83(a)(27); Sec. 1500.85(a)(2); and part 1507). (8) Art materials. Note: The Labeling of Hazardous Art Materials Act (``LHAMA''), 15 U.S.C. 1277 (Pub. L. 100-695, enacted November 18, 1988) provides that, as of November 18, 1990, ``the requirements for the labeling of art materials set forth in the version of the standard of the American Society for Testing and Materials [``ASTM''] designated D-4236 that is in effect on [November 18, 1988] * * * shall be deemed to be a regulation issued by the Commission under section 3(b)'' of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act, 15 U.S.C. 1262(b). For the convenience of interested persons, the Commission is including the requirements of ASTM D-4236 in paragraph (b)(8)(i) of this section, along with other requirements (stated in paragraph (b)(8)(ii) of this section) made applicable to art materials by the LHAMA. The substance of the requirements specified in LHAMA became effective on November 18, 1990, as mandated by Congress. (i) ASTM D-4236--(A) Scope--(1) This section describes a procedure for developing precautionary labels for art materials and provides hazard and precautionary statements based upon knowledge that exists in the scientific and medical communities. This section concerns those chronic health hazards known to be associated with a product or product component(s), when the component(s) is present in a physical form, volume, or concentration that in [[Page 589]] the opinion of a toxicologist (see paragraph (b)(8)(i)(B)(11) of this section) has the potential to produce a chronic adverse health effect(s). (2) This section applies exclusively to art materials packaged in sizes intended for individual users of any age or those participating in a small group. (3) Labeling determinations shall consider reasonably foreseeable use or misuse. (4) Manufacturers or repackagers may wish to have compliance certified by a certifying organization. Guidelines for a certifying organization are given in paragraph (b)(8)(i)(H) of this section. (B) Descriptions of Terms Specific to This Standard. (1) Art material or art material product--any raw or processed material, or manufactured product, marketed or represented by the producer or repackager as intended for and suitable for users as defined herein. (2) Users--artists or crafts people of any age who create, or recreate in a limited number, largely by hand, works which may or may not have a practical use, but in which aesthetic considerations are paramount. (3) Chronic adverse health effect(s)--a persistent toxic effect(s) that develops over time from a single, prolonged, or repeated exposure to a substance. This effect may result from exposure(s) to a substance that can, in humans, cause sterility, birth defects, harm to a developing fetus or to a nursing infant, cancer, allergenic sensitization, damage to the nervous system, or a persistent adverse effect to any other organ system. (4) chronic health hazard(s) (hereafter referred to as ``chronic hazard'')--a health risk to humans, resultant from exposure to a substance that may cause a chronic adverse health effect. (5) Analytical laboratory--a laboratory having personnel and apparatus capable of performing quantitative or qualitative analyses of art materials, which may yield information that is used by a toxicologist for evaluation of potentially hazardous materials. (6) Label--a display of written, printed, or graphic matter upon the immediate container of any art material product. When the product is unpackaged, or is not packaged in an immediate container intended or suitable for delivery to users, the label can be a display of such matter directly upon the article involved or upon a tag or other suitable labeling device attached to the art material. (7) Producer--the person or entity who manufactures, processes, or imports an art material. (8) Repackager--the person or entity who obtains materials from producers and without making changes in such materials puts them in containers intended for sale as art materials to users. (9) Sensitizer--a substance known to cause, through an allergic process, a chronic adverse health effect which becomes evident in a significant number of people on re-exposure to the same substance. (10) Toxic--applies to any substance that is likely to produce personal injury or illness to humans through ingestion, inhalation, or skin contact. (11) Toxicologist--an individual who through education, training, and experience has expertise in the field of toxicology, as it relates to human exposure, and is either a toxicologist or physician certified by a nationally recognized certification board. (12) Bioavailability--the extent that a substance can be absorbed in a biologically active form. (C) Requirements. (1) The producer or repackager of art materials shall submit art material product formulation(s) or reformulation(s) to a toxicologist for review, such review to be in accordance with paragraph (b)(8)(l)(D) of this section. The toxicologist shall be required to keep product formulation(s) confidential. (2) Unless otherwise agreed in writing by the producer or repackager, no one other than the toxicologists shall have access to the formulation(s); except that the toxicologists shall furnish a patient's physician, on a confidential basis, the information necessary to diagnose or treat cases of exposure or accidental ingestion. (3) The producer or repackager, upon advice given by a toxicologist in accordance with paragraph (b)(8)(i)(D) of this section and based upon generally accepted, well-established evidence that a component substance(s) is [[Page 590]] known to cause chronic adverse health effects adopt precautionary labeling in accordance with paragraph (b)(8)(i)(E) of this section. (4) Labeling shall conform to any labeling practices prescribed by federal and state statutes or regulations and shall not diminish the effect of required acute toxicity warnings. (5) The producer or repackager shall supply a poison exposure management information source the generic formulation information required for dissemination to poison control centers or shall provide a 24-hour cost-free telephone number to poison control centers. (6) The producer or repackager shall have a toxicologist review as necessary, but at least every 5 years, art material product formulation(s) and associated label(s) based upon the then-current, generally accepted, well-established scientific knowledge. (7) Statement of Conformance--``Conforms to ASTM Practice D-4236,'' or ``Conforms to ASTM D-4236,'' or ``Conforms to the health requirements of ASTM D-4236.'' This statement may be combined with other conformance statements. The conformance statement should appear whenever practical on the product; however, it shall also be acceptable to place the statement on one or more of the following: (i) The individual product package, (ii) a display or sign at the point of purchase, (iii) separate explanatory literature available on requirements at the point of purchase, (iv) a response to a formal request for bid or proposal. (D) Determination of Labeling. (1) An art material is considered to have the potential for producing chronic adverse health effects if any customary or reasonably foreseeable use can result in a chronic hazard. (2) In making the determination, a toxicologist(s) shall take into account the following: (i) Current chemical composition of the art material, supplied by an analytical laboratory or by an industrial chemist on behalf of a manufacturer or repackager. (ii) Current generally accepted, well-established scientific knowledge of the chronic toxic potential of each component and the total formulation. (iii) Specific physical and chemical form of the art material product, bioavailability, concentration, and the amount of each potentially chronic toxic component found in the formulation. (iv) Reasonably foreseeable uses of the art material product as determined by consultation with users and other individuals who are experienced in use of the material(s), such as teachers, or by market studies, unless such use information has previously been determined with respect to the specific art material(s) under review. (v) Potential for known synergism and antagonism of the various components of the formulation. (vi) Potentially chronic adverse health effects of decomposition or combustion products, if known, from any reasonably foreseeable use of the hazardous art material product. (vii) Opinions of various regulatory agencies and scientific bodies, including the International Agency for Research on Cancer and the National Cancer Institute, on the potential for chronic adverse health effects of the various components of the formulation. (3) Based upon the conclusion reached in conformance with review determinations set forth herein, the toxicologist(s) shall recommend precautionary labeling consistent with paragraph (b)(8)(i)(E) of this section. (E) Labeling Practices--(1) Signal Word. (i) When a signal word for an acute hazard(s) is mandated and a chronic hazard(s) exists, the signal word shall be that for the acute hazard. (ii) When only a chronic hazard(s) exists, the signal word WARNING shall be used. (iii) The signal word shall be prominently visible and set in bold capitals in a size equal to or greater than the statement of potential chronic hazards. (2) List of Potentially Chronic Hazards--Potentially chronic hazards, as determined under the procedures of paragraph (b)(8)(i)(D) of this section, shall be stated substantially in accordance with the statements listed in paragraph (b)(8)(i)(F) of this section. Potentially chronic hazards noted shall be those that are clinically significant [[Page 591]] and that might be expected with any reasonably foreseeable use of the art material. The hazards should be grouped in the order of relative descending severity. (3) Name of Chronically Hazardous Component(s)--All components and known decomposition products of the formulation with a potential for chronic hazards, as determined under the procedures of paragraph (b)(8)(i)(D) of this section, shall be listed prominently. Generically equivalent names may be used. (4) Safe Handling Instructions--Appropriate precautionary statements as to work practices, personal protection, and ventilation requirements shall be used substantially conforming with those listed in paragraph (b)(8)(i)(G) of this section. (5) List of Sensitizing Components--To protect users from known sensitizers found within art materials, each label shall contain a list of those sensitizers present in sufficient amounts to contribute significantly to a known skin or respiratory sensitization. (6) Combined Statement--If an art material contains more than one component capable of causing a chronic adverse health effect, or if a single chemical can cause several different chronic adverse health effects, the potential effects may be combined into one statement. (7) Information Sources--The precautionary label shall contain a statement identifying a source for additional health information substantially in conformance with one of the phrases listed below: (i) For more health information--(24 hour cost-free U.S. telephone number), (ii) Contact a physician for more health information, or (iii) Call your local poison control center for more health information. (8) Labeling Content, Product Size--Any art material product in a container larger in size than one fluid ounce (30 ml) (if the product is sold by volume) or one ounce net weight (28 g) (if the product is sold by weight) shall have full precautionary labeling, as described in paragraph (b)(8)(i) (E) of this section. Any art material product in a container equal to or smaller than one fluid ounce or one ounce net weight shall have a label that includes a signal word in conformance with paragraph (b)(8)(i)(E)(1) of this section and a list of potentially harmful or sensitizing components in conformance with paragraphs (b)(8)(i)(E) (3) and (5) of this section. (9) The information described in paragraph (b)(8)(i)(E) of this section must appear on: (i) The outside container or wrapper, if any, unless it is easily legible through the outside container or wrapper and (ii) All accompanying literature where there are directions for use, written or otherwise. Where a product that requires warning labels under paragraphs (b)(8)(i) (D) and (E) of this section is packed within a point-of-sale package that obscures the warning statement(s), the point- of-sale package shall carry the signal word conforming to paragraph (b)(8)(i)(E)(1) and the following wording: ``Contains: (list hazardous product(s)) that may be harmful if misused. Read cautions on individual containers carefully. Keep out of the reach of children.'' (10) Statements required under paragraphs (b)(8)(i) (D) and (E) of this section must be in the English language and located prominently in conspicuous and legible type in contrast by topography, layout, or color with other printed matter on the label. (11) Supplemental Information--Where appropriate, more detailed information that relates to chronic hazard(s), such as physical properties, decomposition products, detailed safety instructions, or disposal recommendations, shall be included in supplemental documents, such as Material Safety Data Sheets, technical brochures, technical data sheets etc. (F) chronic Hazard Statements MAY CAUSE STERILITY. CONTACT MAY CAUSE PERMANENT EYE DAMAGE. MAY BE HARMFUL BY BREATHING VAPORS/DUSTS. MAY BE HARMFUL IF SWALLOWED. MAY BE HARMFUL BY SKIN CONTACT. MAY PRODUCE BIRTH DEFECTS IN THE DEVELOPING FETUS. MAY BE EXCRETED IN HUMAN MILK. [[Page 592]] MAY CAUSE HARM TO THE NURSING INFANT. CANCER AGENT! EXPOSURE MAY PRODUCE CANCER. CANCER AGENT BASED ON TESTS WITH LABORATORY ANIMALS. POSSIBLE CANCER AGENT BASED ON TESTS WITH LABORATORY ANIMALS. MAY PRODUCE ALLERGIC REACTION BY INGESTION/INHALATION/SKIN CONTACT. MAY PRODUCE NUMBNESS OR WEAKNESS IN THE EXTREMITIES. EXPOSURE MAY CAUSE (SPECIFY THE ORGAN(S)) DAMAGE. HEATING/COMBUSTION MAY CAUSE HAZARDOUS DECOMPOSITION PRODUCTS. (G) Precautionary Statements Keep out of reach of children. When using do not eat, drink, or smoke. Wash hands immediately after use. Avoid inhalation/ingestion/skin contact. Avoid fumes from combustion. Keep container tightly closed when not in use. Store in well-ventilated area. Wear protective clothing (specify type). Wear protective goggles/face shield. Wear NIOSH-certified mask for dusts/mists/fumes. Wear NIOSH-certified respirator with an appropriate cartridge for (specify). Wear NIOSH-certified supplied-air respirator. Use window exhaust fan to remove vapors and ensure adequate cross ventilation. (Specify explosion-proof if necessary.) Do not heat above (specify temperature) without adequate ventilation. Use (specify type) local exhausting hood. Do not use/mix with (specify material). (ii) The following shall apply with respect to the standard for art materials set forth in Sec. 1500.14(b)(8)(i). (A) The term art material or art material product shall mean any substance marketed or represented by the producer or repackager as suitable for use in any phase of the creation of any work of visual or graphic art of any medium. The term does not include economic poisons subject to the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act or drugs, devices, or cosmetics subject to the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetics Act. (B) The standard referred to in paragraph (b)(8)(i) of this section applies to art materials intended for users of any age. (C) Each producer or repackager of art materials shall describe in writing the criteria used to determine whether an art material has the potential for producing chronic adverse health effects. Each producer or repackager shall submit, to the Commission's Division of Regulatory Management, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207, the written description of the criteria described above and a list of art materials that require hazard warning labels under this section. Upon request of the Commission, a producer or repackager shall submit to the Commission product formulations. (D) All art materials that require chronic hazard labeling pursuant to this section must include on the label the name and United States address of the producer or repackager of the art materials, an appropriate United States telephone number that can be contacted for more information on the hazards requiring warning labels under this section, and a statement that such art materials are inappropriate for use by children. (E) If an art material producer or repackager becomes newly aware of any significant information regarding the hazards of an art material or ways to protect against the hazard, this new information must be incorporated into the labels of such art materials that are manufactured after 12 months from the date of discovery. If a producer or repackager reformulates an art material, the new formulation must be evaluated and labeled in accordance with the standard set forth Sec. 1500.14(b)(8)(i). (F) In determining whether an art material has the potential for producing chronic adverse health effects, including carcinogenicity and potential carcinogenicity, the toxicologist to whom the substance is referred under the standard described above shall take into account opinions of various regulatory agencies and scientific [[Page 593]] bodies, including the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). (iii) Pursuant to the LHAMA, the Commission has issued guidelines which, where possible, specify criteria for determining when any customary or reasonably foreseeable use of an art material can result in a chronic hazard. These guidelines include criteria for determining when art materials may produce chronic adverse effects in children and adults, criteria for determining which substances contained in art materials have the potential for producing chronic adverse effects and what those effects are, criteria for determining the bioavailability of chronically hazardous substances contained in art materials when the products are used in a customary or reasonably foreseeable manner, and criteria for determining acceptable daily intake levels for chronically hazardous substances contained in art materials. Because these guidelines apply to hazardous substances in general as well as to hazardous substances in art materials, the guidelines are set forth in Sec. 1500.135 and a definition of ``chronic toxicity'' is provided in Sec. 1500.3(c)(2)(ii) as part of supplementation of the term ``toxic'' in section 2(q) of the FHSA. (iv) Policies and interpretations. (A) For purposes of enforcement policy, the Commission will not consider as sufficient grounds for bringing an enforcement action under the Labeling of Hazardous Art Materials Act (``LHAMA'') the failure of the following types of products to meet the requirements of Sec. 1500.14(b)(8) (i) through (iii). (1) Products whose intended general use is not to create art (e.g., common wood pencils, and single colored pens, markers, and chalk), unless the particular product is specifically packaged, promoted, or marketed in a manner that would lead a reasonable person to conclude that it is intended for use as an art material. Factors the Commission would consider in making this determination are how an item is packaged (e.g., packages of multiple colored pencils, chalks, or markers unless promoted for non-art materials uses are likely to be art materials), how it is marketed and promoted (e.g., pencils and pens intended specifically for sketching and drawing are likely to be art materials), and where it is sold (e.g., products sold in an art supply store are likely to be art materials). The products described in this paragraph do not meet the statutory definition of ``art material.'' (2) Tools, implements, and furniture used in the creation of a work of art such as brushes, chisels, easels, picture frames, drafting tables and chairs, canvas stretchers, potter's wheels, hammers, air pumps for air brushes, kilns, and molds. (3) Surface materials upon which an art material is applied, such as coloring books and canvas, unless, as a result of processing or handling, the consumer is likely to be exposed to a chemical in or on the surface material in a manner which makes that chemical susceptible to being ingested, absorbed, or inhaled. (4) The following materials whether used as a surface or applied to one, unless, as a result of processing or handling, the consumer is likely to be exposed to a chemical in or on the surface material in a manner which makes that chemical susceptible to being ingested, absorbed, or inhaled: paper, cloth, plastics, films, yarn, threads, rubber, sand, wood, stone, tile, masonry, and metal. (B) For purposes of LHAMA enforcement policy, the Commission will enforce against materials including, but not limited to, paints, crayons, colored pencils, glues, adhesives, and putties, if such materials are sold as part of an art, craft, model, or hobby kit. The Commission will enforce the LHAMA requirements against paints or other materials sold separately which are intended to decorate art, craft, model, and hobby items. Adhesives, glues, and putties intended for general repair or construction uses are not subject to LHAMA. However, the Commission will enforce the LHAMA requirements against adhesives, glues, and putties sold separately (not part of a kit) if they are intended for art and craft and model construction uses. This paragraph (b)(8)(iv)(B) applies to products introduced into interstate commerce on or after August 14, 1995. [[Page 594]] (C) Commission regulations at Sec. 1500.14(b)(8)(i)(C)(7) require that a statement of conformance appear with art materials that have been reviewed in accordance with the Commission standard. The Commission interprets this provision to require a conformance statement regardless of the presence of any chronic hazard warnings. (D) Nothing in this enforcement statement should be deemed to alter any of the requirements of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (``FHSA''), such as, but not limited to, the requirement that any hazardous substance intended or packaged in a form suitable for household use must be labeled in accordance with section 2(p) of the FHSA. Appendix A to Sec. 1500.14(b)(8)--Guidelines for a Certifying Organization (Not Mandatory) (a) The term ``certifying organization,'' as used in this paragraph, refers to an organization or an institute that, after assuring that all provisions are met, certifies that an art material does conform to the labeling requirements of this practice. (b) The certifying body may be funded by member manufacturers, but should include users or their representatives, as well as manufacturers' chemists, on its technical and certifying committees. (c) Representative samples of art materials, labeled as conforming to this section and bought at retail, should be analyzed at random and from time to time by an analytical laboratory to ensure they are the same as the formulation used by the toxicologist(s) for determining labeling requirements. (d) The methods used by the toxicologist(s) in review and determination of the need and content of precautionary labeling for potentially chronic adverse health effects should be periodically reviewed by an advisory board composed of not less than three or more than five toxicologists, at least one of whom is certified in toxicology by a nationally recognized certification board. (e) In cases where there is disagreement by participating producers or participating users, with the determination of the toxicologist(s), there should be a method whereby the toxicologist's decision can be presented to the advisory board of toxicologists for arbitration. [38 FR 27012, Sept. 27, 1973, as amended at 41 FR 22934, June 8, 1976; 48 FR 16, Jan. 3, 1983; 53 FR 3018, Feb. 3, 1988; 57 FR 46669, Oct. 9, 1992; 60 FR 8193, Feb. 27, 1995; 61 FR 19829, May 3, 1996; 61 FR 33175, June 26, 1996] Sec. 1500.15 Labeling of fire extinguishers. When a substance or mixture of substances labeled for use in or as a fire extinguisher produces substances that are toxic within the meaning of Sec. 1500.3(c) (1) and (2) when used according to label directions to extinguish a fire, the containers for such substances shall bear the following labeling: (a) When substances are produced that meet the definition of highly toxic in Sec. 1500.3(c)(1), the signal word ``Danger'' and the statement of hazard ``Poisonous gases formed when used to extinguish flame or on contact with heat'' are required labeling. (b) When substances are produced that meet the definition of toxic in Sec. 1500.3(c)(2), the signal word ``Caution'' or ``Warning'' and the statement of hazard ``Dangerous gas formed when used to extinguish flame or on contact with heat'' are required labeling. (c) Regardless of whether paragraph (a) or (b) of this section applies, any substance or mixture of substances labeled for use as a fire extinguisher that, if applied to an electrical fire, would subject the user to the likelihood of electrical shock shall be conspicuously labeled ``Caution: Do not use on electrical wires.'' (d) The statements specified in paragraphs (a), (b), and (c) of this section shall be in addition to any other that may be required under the act. All such substances or mixtures of substances shall also bear the additional statements ``Use in an enclosed place may be fatal'' and ``Do not enter area until well ventilated and all odor of chemical has disappeared.'' Sec. 1500.17 Banned hazardous substances. (a) Under the authority of section 2(q)(1)(B) of the act, the Commission declares as banned hazardous substances the following articles because they possess such a degree or nature of hazard that adequate cautionary labeling cannot be written and the public health and safety can be served only by keeping such articles out of interstate commerce: [[Page 595]] (1) Mixtures that are intended primarily for application to interior masonry walls, floors, etc., as a water repellant treatment and that are ``extremely flammable'' within the meaning of section 2(1) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(10)). (2) Carbon tetrachloride and mixtures containing it (including carbon tetrachloride and mixtures containing it used in fire extinguishers), excluding unavoidable manufacturing residues of carbon tetrachloride in other chemicals that under reasonably foreseeable conditions of use do not result in an atmospheric concentration of carbon tetrachloride greater than 10 parts per million. (3) Fireworks devices intended to produce audible effects (including but not limited to cherry bombs, M-80 salutes, silver salutes, and other large firecrackers, aerial bombs, and other fireworks designed to produce audible effects, and including kits and components intended to produce such fireworks) if the audible effect is produced by a charge of more than 2 grains of pyrotechnic composition; except that this provision shall not apply to such fireworks devices if all of the following conditions are met: (i) Such fireworks devices are distributed to farmers, ranchers, or growers through a wildlife management program administered by the U.S. Department of the Interior (or by equivalent State or local government agencies); and (ii) Such distribution is in response to a written application describing the wildlife management problem that requires use of such devices, is of a quantity no greater than required to control the problem described, and is where other means of control are unavailable or inadequate. (See also Sec. 1500.14(b)(7); Sec. 1500.17(a) (8) and (9); Sec. 1500.83(a)(27); Sec. 1500.85(a)(2); and part 1507). (4) Liquid drain cleaners containing 10 percent or more by weight of sodium and/or potassium hydroxide; except that this subparagraph shall not apply to such liquid drain cleaners if packaged in accordance with a standard for special packaging of such articles promulgated under the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 (Pub. L. 91-601, 84 Stat. 1670- 74 (15 U.S.C. 1471-76)). (5) Products containing soluble cyanide salts, excluding unavoidable manufacturing residues of cyanide salts in other chemicals that under reasonable and foreseeable conditions of use will not result in a concentration of cyanide greater than 25 parts per million. (6)(i) Any paint or other similar surface-coating material intended, or packaged in a form suitable, for use in or around the household that: (A) Is shipped in interstate commerce after December 31, 1973, and contains lead compounds of which the lead content (calculated as the metal) is in excess of 0.06 percent of the total weight of the contained solids or dried paint film; or (B) Is shipped in interstate commerce after December 31, 1972, and contains lead compounds of which the lead content (calculated as the metal) is in excess of 0.5 percent of the total weight of the contained solids or dried paint film. (C) [Reserved] (D) The provisions of paragraph (a)(6)(i) of this section do not apply to artists' paints and related materials. (ii) Any toy or other article intended for use by children that: (A) Is shipped in interstate commerce after December 31, 1973, and bears any paint or other similar surface-coating material containing lead compounds of which the lead content (calculated as the metal) is in excess of 0.06 percent of the total weight of the contained solids or dried paint film; or (B) Is shipped in interstate commerce after December 31, 1972, and bears any paint or other similar surface-coating material containing lead compounds of which the lead content (calculated as the metal) is in excess of 0.5 percent of the total weight of the contained solids or dried paint film. (iii) Since the Commission has issued comprehensive regulations for lead-containing paint and certain consumer products bearing such paint at the 0.06 percent level under the Consumer Product Safety Act (see 16 CFR part 1303), paragraphs (i) and (ii) of Sec. 1500.17(a)(6) are revoked as to the subject products manufactured after February 27, 1978. [[Page 596]] Note: The effective date of paragraphs (a)(6)(i)(A) and (a)(6)(ii)(A) was stayed by an order published in the Federal Register of August 10, 1972 (37 FR 16078). (7) General-use garments containing asbestos (other than garments having a bona fide application for personal protection against thermal injury and so constructed that the asbestos fibers will not become airborne under reasonably foreseeable conditions of use). (8) Firecrackers designed to produce audible effects, if the audible effect is produced by a charge of more than 50 milligrams (.772 grains) of pyrotechnic composition (not including firecrackers included as components of a rocket), aerial bombs, and devices that may be confused with candy or other foods, such as ``dragon eggs,'' and ``cracker balls'' (also known as ``ball-type caps''), and including kits and components intended to produce such fireworks except such devices which meet all of the following conditions: (i) The fireworks devices are distributed to farmers, ranchers, or growers through a wildlife management program administered by the U.S. Department of Interior (or by equivalent State or local governmental agencies); and (ii) Such distribution is in response to a written application describing the wildlife management problem that requires use of such devices, is of a quantity no greater than required to control the problem described, and is where other means of control is unavailable or inadequate. (See also Sec. 1500.17(a) (3) and (9)). (9) All fireworks devices, other than firecrackers, including kits and components intended to produce such fireworks, not otherwise banned under the act, that do not comply with the applicable requirements of part 1507 of this chapter, except fireworks devices which meet all the following conditions: (i) The fireworks devices are distributed to farmers, ranchers, or growers through a wildlife management program administered by the U.S. Department of the Interior (or by equivalent State or local government agencies); and (ii) Such distribution is in response to a written application describing the wildlife management problem that requires use of such devices, is of a quantity no greater than required to control the problem described, and is where other means of control is unavailable or inadequate. (See also Sec. 1500.17(a) (3) and (8)). (10) Self-pressurized products intended or suitable for household use that contain vinyl chloride monomer as an ingredient or in the propellant manufactured or imported on or after October 7, 1974. (See also Sec. 1500.17(a) (3) and (8)). (11)(i) Reloadable tube aerial shell fireworks devices that use shells larger than 1.75 inches in outer diameter and that are imported on or after October 8, 1991. (ii) Findings. (A) General. In order to issue a rule under section 2(q)(1) of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (``FHSA''), 15 U.S.C. 1261(q)(1), classifying a substance or article as a banned hazardous substance, the FHSA requires the Commission to make certain findings and to include these findings in the regulation. These findings are discussed below. (B) Voluntary standard. Although a voluntary standard relating to the risk of injury associated with reloadable tube aerial shells has been adopted, it has not been implemented. Thus, the Commission is not required to make findings covering the likelihood that the voluntary standard would result in elimination or adequate reduction of the risk of injury or that there would be substantial compliance with the voluntary standard. (C) Relationship of benefits to costs. The Commission estimates that the removal of large reloadable shells from the market is likely to virtually eliminate the number of associated injuries, with only a slight offsetting increase in the number of injuries due to the use of substitute Class C fireworks products available to consumers. The estimated net benefits range from essentially zero to close to $1 million annually. The annual costs of a ban are estimated to be very low. Included are potential costs to foreign manufacturers and U.S. importers from sales losses, production changes, and inventory retrofitting, and slightly reduced market choices [[Page 597]] for consumers who purchase aerial display fireworks. Costs to each of these sectors are estimated to be slight, and are reduced to the extent that alternative products are perceived as adequate substitutes for large reloadable shells. Thus, the Commission finds that the benefits expected from the regulation bear a reasonable relationship to its costs. (D) Least burdensome requirement. The Commission considered several alternatives to the ban. These included: Design or performance criteria; additional or alternative labeling; inclusion of some reloadable shells 1.75 inches or smaller in the ban; and no action in reliance on the voluntary standard. The Commission determined that a ban of reloadable shells larger than 1.75 inches in outer diameter is the least burdensome alternative that would prevent or adequately reduce the risk of injury. (1) Regarding design or performance criteria, the Commission considered requirements similar to those stated in the voluntary standard of the American Fireworks Standards Laboratory (``AFSL''). However, such criteria may increase the cost of the product and would not address all factors involved in the incidents. Further, concerns exist about the feasibility of criteria and quality control. (2) Regarding additional or alternative labeling, the users' perception and experience concerning the amount of time available to get away may lead them to disregard an inconsistent warning. There are no data to suggest that a significant number, if any, incidents would be avoided if large reloadable shells carried more detailed labels or instructions than they currently do. It cannot be concluded that potential benefits would be greater than zero. (3) The Commission considered including reloadable shells that are 1.75 inches or less in outer diameter and have the ``equivalent explosive power'' of larger shells. A kinetic energy level of 70 joules was considered to evaluate explosive power. However, any potential benefits are uncertain since the Commission concluded that a clear relation between kinetic energy and injury potential could not be established. Also, costs could be slightly higher. (4) The Commission also considered imposing no mandatory requirements on large reloadable shells and relying instead on the AFSL voluntary standard. However, it is uncertain whether any net benefits to consumers would result from this alternative, since the level of injury reduction could be near zero if, as is probable, some firms chose not to conform with some or all of the AFSL standard. (12)(i) Large multiple-tube devices. Multiple-tube mine and shell fireworks devices that first enter commerce or are imported on or after March 26, 1997, that have any tube measuring 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) or more in inner diameter, and that have a minimum tip angle less than 60 degrees when tested in accordance with the procedure of Sec. 1507.12 of this part. (ii) Findings--(A) General. In order to issue a rule under the section 2(q)(1) of the FHSA, 15 U.S.C. 1261(q)(1), classifying a substance or article as a banned hazardous substance, the FHSA requires the Commission to make certain findings and to include these in the regulation. These findings are discussed in paragraphs (a)(12)(ii) (B) through (D) of this section. (B) Voluntary standard. (1) One alternative to the tip-angle requirement that the Commission considered is to take no mandatory action, and to depend on a voluntary standard. The American Fireworks Safety Laboratory (AFSL) has a standard for mines and shells intended to address the potential tip-over hazard associated with multiple-tube fireworks devices. AFSL's Voluntary Standard for Mines and Shells-- Single or Multiple Shot requires that large multiple-tube devices not tip over (except as the result of the last shot) when shot on a 2-inch thick medium-density foam pad. The Commission cannot conclude that AFSL's existing voluntary standard adequately reduces the risk of injury from large devices that tip over while functioning. The Commission's tests using polyurethane foam did not find sufficient agreement between performance on foam and on grass. No other data are available to show that this dynamic test is reliable. [[Page 598]] (2) In addition, even if the AFSL standard is effective, the Commission does not believe that compliance with the standard will be adequate. AFSL reports that it has been testing in accordance with its standard since January 1994. However, the results of CPSC's compliance testing indicate that multiple-tube devices still tip over while functioning. In fiscal year 1994, all 24 imported devices the Commission tested, and 1 of 8 domestic devices, tipped over while functioning. In fiscal year 1995, 22 of 27 imported devices and 1 of 5 domestic devices tipped over during Commission testing. The Commission finds that there is unlikely to be substantial compliance with the voluntary standard applicable to multiple-tube devices. (C) Relationship of benefits to costs. The Commission estimates that the 60-degree tip-angle standard will eliminate the unreasonable tip- over risk posed by these devices. This will provide benefits of saving one life about every 3 years, and preventing an unknown number of nonfatal injuries. The annual cost of modifying affected devices is estimated to be between $1.5 million and $2.7 million. The Commission finds that the benefits from the regulation bear a reasonable relationship to its costs. (D) Least burdensome requirement. The Commission considered the following alternatives: a ban of all multiple-tube devices with inner tube diameters 1.5 inches or greater; a dynamic performance standard; additional labeling requirements; and relying on the voluntary standard. Although a ban of all large multiple-tube devices would address the risk of injury, it would be more burdensome than the tip-angle standard. The Commission was unable to develop a satisfactory dynamic standard that would reduce the risk of injury. Neither additional labeling requirements nor reliance on the voluntary standard would adequately reduce the risk of injury. Thus, the Commission finds that a standard requiring large multiple-tube devices to have a minimum tip angle greater than 60 degrees is the least burdensome requirement that would prevent or adequately reduce the risk of injury. (13)(i) Candles made with metal-cored wicks. Candles manufactured or imported on or after October 15, 2003, made with metal-cored candlewicks, unless: (A) The metal core of each candlewick has a lead content (calculated as the metal) of not more than 0.06 percent of the total weight of the metal core; and (B) Each outer container or wrapper in which candles subject to paragraph (a)(13)(i)(A) of this section are shipped, including each outer container or wrapper in which such candles are distributed to a retail outlet, is labeled ``Conforms to 16 CFR 1500.17(a)(13).'' For purposes of this paragraph (B), the term ``outer container or wrapper'' does not include the immediate container in which candle(s) is/are intended to be displayed at retail or during use in the home, unless that container or wrapper is also the only container or wrapper in which the candle(s) is/are shipped to a retailer. (ii) Metal-cored candlewicks. Metal-cored candlewicks manufactured or imported on or after October 15, 2003, unless: (A) The metal core of each candlewick has a lead content (calculated as the metal) of not more than 0.06 percent of the total weight of the metal core; and (B) Each outer container or wrapper in which candlewicks subject to paragraph (a)(13)(ii)(A) of this section is shipped, including each outer container or wrapper of a shipment distributed to a retail outlet, is labeled ``Conforms to 16 CFR 1500.17(a)(13).'' For purposes of this paragraph (B), the term ``outer container or wrapper'' does not include the immediate container in which candlewick(s) is/are intended to be displayed or sold at retail, unless that container or wrapper is also the only container or wrapper in which the candlewick(s) is/are shipped to a retailer. (iii) Findings--(A) General. To issue a rule under section 2(q)(1) of the FHSA, 15 U.S.C. 1261(q)(1), classifying a substance or article as a banned hazardous substance, the Commission must make certain findings and include them in [[Page 599]] the regulation. These findings are discussed in paragraphs (a)(13)(iii)(B) through (D) of this section. (B) Voluntary standard. One alternative to the ban that the Commission considered is to take no mandatory action, and to depend on a voluntary standard. One organization has a standard for candlewicks intended to address the potential for substantial illness posed by such wicks and candles with such wicks. The Commission has found that the standard is technically unsound and that substantial compliance with it is unlikely. Furthermore, there is no evidence that the standard has been adopted and implemented by candlewick or candle manufacturers. (C) Relationship of benefits to costs. The Commission estimates that the ban will reduce the potential for exposure to lead and resulting lead poisoning because there is no ``safe'' level of lead in the blood. The annual cost to the candle/wick industry of the ban is estimated by the Commission to be in the range of $100,000 to $300,000. On a percentage basis these costs represent only 0.005 to 0.015 percent of the overall value of candle shipments in 2000, which was approximately $2 billion. Accordingly, the Commission finds that the benefits from the regulation bear a reasonable relationship to its costs. (D) Least burdensome requirement. The Commission considered the following alternatives: no action; labeling all metal-cored candles with wicks containing more than 0.06 percent lead by weight of the metal; recordkeeping for shipments of wicks containing 0.06 percent or less lead by weight of the metal and of candles with such wicks; and relying on the voluntary standard. Neither no action, nor labeling, nor reliance on the voluntary standard would adequately reduce the risk of illness. Recordkeeping for shipments of wicks and of candles was not the least burdensome requirement that would prevent or adequately reduce the risk of illness. Therefore the Commission finds that a ban on candlewicks containing more than 0.06 percent lead by weight of the metal and candles with such wicks is the least burdensome requirement that would prevent or adequately reduce the risk of illness. (b) [Reserved] (Secs. 2(f)(1), (A), (B), (g), (q)(1)(B), 3(a), 74 Stat. 372, 374, as amended 80 Stat. 1304-05, 83 Stat. 187-189, 90 Stat. 503 (15 U.S.C. 1261, 1262); sec. 701 (e), (f), (g), 52 Stat. 1055-56, as amended 70 Stat. 919, 72 Stat. 948 (21 U.S.C. 371 (e), (f), (g)), sec. 30(a), 86 Stat. 1231 (15 U.S.C. 2079(a))) [38 FR 27012, Sept. 27, 1973, as amended at 38 FR 27514, Oct. 4, 1973; 38 FR 31520, Nov. 15, 1973; 39 FR 30114, Aug. 21, 1974; 39 FR 42903, Dec. 9, 1974; 41 FR 22935, June 8, 1976; 42 FR 44202, Sept. 1, 1977; 43 FR 12310, Mar. 24, 1978; 48 FR 16, Jan. 3, 1983; 56 FR 37837, Aug. 9, 1991; 61 FR 13095, Mar. 26, 1996; 61 FR 18245, Apr. 25, 1996; 68 FR 19147, Apr. 18, 2003] Sec. 1500.18 Banned toys and other banned articles intended for use by children. (a) Toys and other articles presenting mechanical hazards. Under the authority of sections 2(f)(1)(D) and 24 of the act and pursuant to the provisions of section 3(e) of the act, the Commission has determined that the following types of toys or other articles intended for use by children present a mechanical hazard within the meaning of section 2(s) of the act because in normal use, or when subjected to reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse, the design or manufacture presents an unreasonable risk of personal injury or illness: (1) Any toy rattle containing, either internally or externally, rigid wires, sharp protrusions, or loose small objects that have the potential for causing lacerations, puncture wound injury, aspiration, ingestion, or other injury. (But see Sec. 1500.86(a)(1)). (2) Any toy having noisemaking components or attachments capable of being dislodged by the operating features of the toy or capable of being deliberately removed by a child, which toy has the potential for causing laceration, puncture wound injury, aspiration, ingestion, or other injury. (3) Any doll, stuffed animal, or other similar toy having internal or external components that have the potential for causing laceration, puncture wound injury, or other similar injury. (But see Sec. 1500.86(a)(2)); (See also Sec. Sec. 1500.48 and 1500.49). (4) Lawn darts and other similar sharp-pointed toys usually intended for [[Page 600]] outdoor use and having the potential for causing puncture wound injury. (5) [Reserved] (6) Any article known as a ``baby-bouncer'' or ``walker-jumper'' and any other similar article (referred to in this paragraph as ``article(s)''), except an infant walker subject to part 1216, which is intended to support very young children while sitting, bouncing, jumping, and/or reclining, and which because of its design has any exposed parts capable of causing amputation, crushing, lacerations, fractures, hematomas, bruises, or other injuries to fingers, toes, or other parts of the anatomy of young children. Included among, but not limited to, the design features of such articles which classify the articles as banned hazardous substances are: (i) The areas about the point on each side of the article where the frame components are joined together to form an ``X'' shape capable of producing a scissoring, shearing, or pinching effect. (ii) Other areas where two or more parts are joined in such a manner as to permit a rotational movement capable of exerting a scissoring, shearing, or pinching effect. (iii) Exposed coil springs which may expand sufficiently to allow an infant's finger, toe, or any other part of the anatomy to be inserted, in whole or in part, and injured by being caught between the coils of the spring or between the spring and another part of the article. (iv) Holes in plates or tubes which provide the possibility of insertion, in whole or in part, of a finger, toe, or any part of the anatomy that could then be injured by the movement of another part of the article. (v) Design and construction that permits accidental collapse while in use. (But see Sec. 1500.86(a)(4)). (7) Toys usually known as clacker balls and consisting of two balls of plastic or another material connected by a length of line or cord or similar connector (referred to as ``cord'' in Sec. 1500.86(a)(5)), intended to be operated in a rhythmic manner by an upward and downward motion of the hand so that the two balls will meet forcefully at the top and bottom of two semicircles thus causing a ``clacking'' sound, which toys present a mechanical hazard because their design or manufacture presents an unreasonable risk of personal injury from fracture, fragmentations, or disassembly of the toy and from propulsion of the toy or its part(s). (But see Sec. 1500.86(a)(5).) This does not include products that are constructed so that the connecting members consist of plastic rods integrally molded to the balls and are mounted on a pivot so that movement of the balls is essentially limited to a single plane. (8) Any pacifier that does not meet the requirements of 16 CFR part 1511 and that is introduced into interstate commerce after February 26, 1978. (9) Any toy or other article intended for use by children under 3 years of age which presents a choking, aspiration, or ingestion hazard because of small parts as determined by part 1501 of this chapter and which is introduced into interstate commerce after January 1, 1980. For purposes of this regulation, introduction into interstate commerce is defined as follows: A toy or children's article manufactured outside the United States is introduced into interstate commerce when it is first brought within a U.S. port of entry. A toy or children's article manufactured in the United States is introduced into interstate commerce (1) at the time of its first interstate sale, or (2) at the time of its first intrastate sale if one or more of its components and/or raw materials were received interstate, whichever occurs earlier. Part 1501 defines the term ``toy or other article intended for use by children under 3,'' as used in this regulation, and exempts certain products from banning under this regulation. (10)-(11) [Reserved] (12) Any bicycle as defined in Sec. 1512.2(a) of this chapter (except a bicycle that is a ``track bicycle'' or a ``one-of-a-kind bicycle'' as defined in Sec. 1512.2 (d) and (e) of this chapter) that is introduced into interstate commerce on or after May 11, 1976, and that does not comply with the requirements of part 1512 of this chapter, except for Sec. Sec. 1512.5(c)(3), 1512.9(a), 1512.18(e) and 1512.18(f) which become effective November 13, 1976. [[Page 601]] (15) Any rattle (as defined in Sec. 1510.2 of this chapter) that is introduced into interstate commerce on or after August 21, 1978, and that does not comply with the requirements of part 1510 of this chapter. For purposes of the regulation, introduction into interstate commerce is defined as follows: A rattle manufactured outside the United States is introduced into interstate commerce when it is first brought within a U.S. port of entry. A rattle manufactured in the United States is introduced into interstate commerce (a) at the time of its first interstate sale, or (b) at the time of its first intrastate sale if one or more of its components and/or raw materials were received interstate. (16) (i) Any article known as an ``infant cushion'' or ``infant pillow,'' and any other similar article, which has all of the following characteristics (But see Sec. 1500.86(a)(9)): (A) Has a flexible fabric covering. The term fabric includes those materials covered by the definition of ``fabric'' in section 2(f) of the Flammable Fabrics Act, 15 U.S.C. 1191(f). (B) Is loosely filled with a granular material, including but not limited to, polystyrene beads or pellets. (C) Is easily flattened. (D) Is capable of conforming to the body or face of an infant. (E) Is intended or promoted for use by children under one year of age. (ii) Findings--(A) General. In order to issue a rule under section 2(q)(1) of the Federal Hazardous Substance Act (FHSA), 15 U.S.C. 1261(q)(1), classifying a substance or article as a banned hazardous substance, the FHSA requires the Commission to make certain findings and to include these findings in the regulation. These findings are discussed in paragraphs (a)(16)(ii) (B) through (D) of this section. (B) Voluntary standard. No findings concerning compliance with or adequacy of a voluntary standard are necessary since no voluntary standard addressing infant cushions has been adopted or implemented. (C) Relationship of benefits to costs. The Commission estimates that the removal of infant cushions from the market will result in total annual benefits of approximately five million dollars. The potential costs to businesses are expected to be offset by production of other products, and the potential costs to consumers are likely to be offset by the availability of substitutes for a comparable price. (D) Least burdensome requirement. The Commission considered labeling and a design or performance standard as alternatives to the ban. The Commission does not believe that any form of labeling would have a significant effect in preventing the hazard associated with infant cushions. The Commission also concluded that no feasible standard exists that would address the hazard. Thus, the Commission determined that a ban of infant cushions is the least burdensome alternative that would prevent or adequately reduce the risk of injury. (17) Any ball intended for children under three years of age that, under the influence of its own weight, passes, in any orientation, entirely through a circular hole with a diameter of 1.75 inches (44.4 mm.) in a rigid template \1/4\ inches (6 mm.) thick. In testing to evaluate compliance with this paragraph, the diameter of opening in the Commission's test template shall be no greater than 1.75 inches (44.4 mm.). (i) For the purposes of this paragraph, the term ``ball'' includes any spherical, ovoid, or ellipsoidal object that is designed or intended to be thrown, hit, kicked, rolled, dropped, or bounced. The term ``ball'' includes any spherical, ovoid, or ellipsoidal object that is attached to a toy or article by means of a string, elastic cord, or similar tether. The term ``ball'' also includes any multi-sided object formed by connecting planes into a generally spherical, ovoid, or ellipsoidal shape that is designated or intended to be used as a ball, and any novelty item of a generally spherical, ovoid, or ellipsoidal shape that is designated or intended to be used as a ball. (ii) The term ``ball'' does not include dice, or balls permanently enclosed inside pinball machines, mazes, or similar outer containers. A ball is permanently enclosed if, when tested in accordance with 16 CFR 1500.52, the ball is not removed from the outer container. [[Page 602]] (iii) In determining whether such a ball is intended for use by children under three years of age, the criteria specified in 16 CFR 1501.2(b) and the enforcement procedure established by 16 CFR 1501.5 shall apply. (18)(i) Any bunk bed (as defined in Sec. 1513.2(c) of this chapter) that does not comply with the requirements of part 1513 of this chapter. (ii) Findings. In order to issue a rule under Section 3(e) of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (FHSA), 15 U.S.C. 1262(e), classifying a toy or other article intended for use by children as a hazardous substance on the basis that it presents a mechanical hazard (as defined in Section 2(s) of the FHSA), the FHSA requires the Commission to make the following findings and to include these findings in the regulation: Bunk beds present a mechanical hazard; Where a voluntary standard has been adopted and implemented by the affected industry, that compliance with such voluntary standard is not likely to result in the elimination or adequate reduction of the risk of injury, or it is unlikely that there will be substantial compliance with such voluntary standard; The benefits expected from the rule bear a reasonable relationship to its costs; and The rule imposes the least burdensome requirement that prevents or adequately reduces the risk of injury for which the rule is being promulgated. These findings are made in the appendix to Part 1513. (19)(i) Dive sticks, and other similar articles, that are used in swimming pools or other water environments for such activities as underwater retrieval games or swimming instruction, and which, when placed in the water, submerge and rest at the bottom of the pool. This includes products that are pre-weighted to sink to the bottom and products that are designed to allow the user to adjust the weight. Dive sticks and similar articles that come to rest underwater at an angle greater than 45 degrees from vertical when measured under the test at Sec. 1500.86(a)(7) and dive sticks and similar articles that maintain a compressive force of less than 5-lbf under the test at Sec. 1500.86(a)(8) are exempt from this banning rule. Articles that have a continuous circular shape, such as dive rings and dive disks are also exempt. (ii)(A) Findings. In order for the Commission to issue a rule under section 2(q)(1) of the FHSA classifying a substance or article as a banned hazardous substance, the Commission must make certain findings and include these findings in the regulation. 15 U.S.C. 1262(i)(2). These findings are discussed in paragraphs (a)(18)(ii)(B) through (D) of this section. (B) Voluntary standard. No findings concerning compliance with and adequacy of a voluntary standard are necessary because no relevant voluntary standard addressing the risk of injury posed by dive sticks has been adopted and implemented. (C) Relationship of benefits to costs. The Commission estimates the potential benefits of removing hazardous dive sticks from the market to be 2 to 4 cents per dive stick. With the availability of substitutes and the expected low cost of modifying dive sticks to conform to the rule, the Commission anticipates that necessary changes will be minimal. The Commission estimates that the costs of the rule will be no more than 2 to 4 cents per dive stick. Thus, the Commission finds that there is a reasonable relationship between the expected benefits of the rule and its costs. (D) Least burdensome requirement. The Commission considered pursuing voluntary recalls, following a voluntary standard, requiring labeling or changing the scope of the rule. A banning rule would be more effective than case-by-case recalls because the impalement hazard affects all dive sticks, not a specific brand or model. Awaiting recalls would allow these hazardous items on the market until the Commission obtained recalls. No applicable voluntary standard exists, and compliance may be low if one did. Although labeling could help reduce the risk of injuries from dive sticks, it would be less effective than a banning rule. It may be difficult for a label to convey the necessary information at the time of use. Modifying the scope so that the rule would only apply to pre- weighted dive sticks would continue to permit hazardous items because the unweighted dive sticks can easily be weighted to [[Page 603]] stand vertically at the bottom of the water. Thus, the Commission finds that a ban of dive sticks with the hazardous characteristics it has identified is the least burdensome alternative that would adequately reduce the risk of injury. (b) Electrically operated toys and other electrical operated children's articles presenting electrical, thermal, and/or certain mechanical hazards. Under the authority of section 2(f)(1)(D) of the act and pursuant to provisions of section 3(e) of the act, the Commission has determined that the following types of electrically operated toys or other electrically operated articles intended for use by children present electrical, thermal, and/or certain mechanical hazards within the meaning of section 2 (r), (s), and/or (t) of the act because in normal use or when subjected to reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse, the design or manufacture may cause personal injury or illness by electric shock and/or presents an unreasonable risk of personal injury or illness because of heat as from heated parts, substances, or surfaces, or because of certain mechanical hazards. (1) Any electrically operated toy or other electrically operated article intended for use by children (as defined in Sec. 1505.1(a)(1)) that is introduced into interstate commerce and which does not comply with the requirements of part 1505 of this chapter. Note: Paragraph (b)(1) was originally promulgated as 21 CFR 191.9a(b)(1) with an effective date of September 3, 1973 (38 FR 6138). (2) [Reserved] (c) Toys and other articles (not electrically operated) presenting electric hazards. Under the authority of section 2(f)(1)(D) of the act and pursuant to provisions of section 3(e) of the act, the Commission has determined that the following types of toys or other articles intended for use by children (not electrically operated) present an electrical hazard within the meaning of section 2(r) of the act. (1) Any kite 10 inches or greater in any dimension constructed of aluminized polyester film or any kite having a tail or other component consisting of a piece of aluminized polyester film 10 inches or greater in any dimension presents an electrical hazard and is a banned hazardous substance because its design (specifically its size and electrical conductivity) presents a risk of personal injury from electric shock due to its ability to conduct electricity and to become entangled in or otherwise contact high voltage electric power lines. (2) [Reserved] (15 U.S.C. 1261 (f)(1)(D), (g)(1)(A), (r); 15 U.S.C. 1262(e)(1); 15 U.S.C. 2079(a)) [38 FR 27012, Sept. 27, 1973] Editorial Note: For Federal Register citations affecting Sec. 1500.18, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.govinfo.gov. Sec. 1500.19 Misbranded toys and other articles intended for use by children. (a) Definitions. For the purposes of this section, the following definitions shall apply. (1) Ball means a spherical, ovoid, or ellipsoidal object that is designed or intended to be thrown, hit, kicked, rolled, dropped, or bounced. The term ``ball'' includes any spherical, ovoid, or ellipsoidal object that is attached to a toy or article by means of a string, elastic cord, or similar tether. The term ``ball'' also includes any multi-sided object formed by connecting planes into a generally, spherical, ovoid, or ellipsoidal shape that is designated or intended to be used as a ball, and any novelty item of a generally spherical, ovoid, or ellipsoidal shape that is designated or intended to be used as a ball. The term ``ball'' does not include dice, or balls permanently enclosed inside pinball machines, mazes, or similar outer containers. A ball is permanently enclosed if, when tested in accordance with 16 CFR 1500.53, it is not removed from the outer container. (2) Small ball means a ball that, under the influence of its own weight, passes, in any orientation, entirely through a circular hole with a diameter of 1.75 inches (44.4 mm.) in a rigid template \1/4\ inches (6 mm.) thick. In testing to evaluate compliance with this regulation, the diameter of opening in the Commission's test template shall be no greater than 1.75 inches (44.4 mm.). [[Page 604]] (3) Latex balloon means a toy or decorative item consisting of a latex bag that is designed to be inflated by air or gas. The term does not include inflatable children's toys that are used in aquatic activities such as rafts, water wings, swim rings, or other similar items. (4) Marble means a ball made of a hard material, such as glass, agate, marble or plastic, that is used in various children's games, generally as a playing piece or marker. The term ``marble'' does not include a marble permanently enclosed in a toy or game. A marble is permanently enclosed if, when tested in accordance with 16 CFR 1500.53, it is not removed from the toy or game. (5) Small part means any object which, when tested in accordance with the procedures contained in 16 CFR 1501.4(a) and 1501.4(b)(1), fits entirely within the cylinder shown in Figure 1 appended to 16 CFR part 1501. The use and abuse testing provisions of 16 CFR 1500.51 through 1500.53 and 1501.4(b)(2) do not apply to this definition. (6) Package or packaging refers to the immediate package in which a product subject to labeling under section 24 of the act is sold, as well as to any outer container or wrapping for that package. (7) Descriptive material means any discrete piece of written material separate from the label of the package that contains an instruction (whether written or otherwise) for the use of a product subject to these labeling requirements, any depiction of the product, and any written material that specifically describes any function, use, warnings, user population, design or material specification, or other characteristic of the product. A catalog or other marketing material or advertisement that depicts other products in addition to the product it accompanies is not ``descriptive material'' unless it contains additional information, such as instructions for use of the product it accompanies or lists of accessories exclusively for use with that product, that are designed to focus the purchaser's attention on the product. Descriptive material ``accompanies'' a product subject to the labeling requirements when it is packaged with the product or when it is intended to be distributed with the product at the time of sale or delivery to the purchaser. ``Descriptive material'' does not include statements that appear on the package of a product subject to the labeling requirements. ``Descriptive material'' does not include material intended solely for use by children if the package it accompanies contains a separate package insert prominently identified as a warning for parents that contains the required precautionary statements. (8) Bin and container for retail display mean containers in which multiple unpackaged and unlabeled items are held for direct selection by and sale to consumers. (b) Misbranded toys and children's articles. Pursuant to sections 2(p) and 24 of the FHSA, the following articles are misbranded hazardous substances if their packaging, any descriptive material that accompanies them, and, if unpackaged and unlabeled, any bin in which they are held for sale, any container in which they are held for retail display, or any vending machine from which they are dispensed, fails to bear the labeling statements required in paragraphs (b) (1) through (4) and paragraph (f)(3) of this section, or if such labeling statements fail to comply with the prominence and conspicuousness requirements of paragraph (d) of this section. (1) With the exception of books and other articles made of paper, writing materials such as crayons, chalk, pencils, and pens, modeling clay and similar products, fingerpaints, watercolors, and other paint sets, and any other article identified in 16 CFR 1501.3 (other than balloons), any article that is a toy or game intended for use by children who are at least three years old but less than six years of age shall bear or contain the following cautionary statement if the toy or game includes a small part: [[Page 605]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR27FE95.001 (2) Any latex balloon, or toy or game that contains a latex balloon, shall bear the following cautionary statement: [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR27FE95.002 (3)(i) Any small ball intended for children three years of age or older shall bear the following cautionary statement: [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR27FE95.003 (ii) Any toy or game intended for children who are at least three years old but less than eight years of age that contains a small ball shall bear the following cautionary statement: [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR27FE95.004 [[Page 606]] (4)(i) Any marble intended for children three years of age or older shall bear the following cautionary statement: [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR27FE95.005 (ii) Any toy or game intended for children who are at least three years old but less than eight years of age that contains a marble shall bear the following cautionary statement: [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR27FE95.006 (c) Age of intended user. In determining the ages of the children for which any toy or article subject to this section is intended, the following factors are relevant: the manufacturer's stated intent (such as the age stated on a label) if it is reasonable; the advertising, marketing, and promotion of the article; and whether the article is commonly recognized as being intended for children in this age group. In enforcing this provision, the Commission will follow the procedures set forth in 16 CFR 1501.5. (d) Prominence and conspicuousness of labeling statements. The requirements of 16 CFR 1500.121 relating to the prominence and conspicuousness of precautionary labeling statements for hazardous substances shall apply to any labeling statement required under Sec. 1500.19(b) and (f), with the following clarifications and modifications. (1) All labeling statements required by Sec. 1500.19(b) and (f) shall be in the English language. The statements required by paragraph (b) need not appear in the format and layout depicted in paragraph (b). The statements required by 16 CFR 1500.19(b) and (f) shall be blocked together within a square or rectangular area, with or without a border. This means that the statements must appear on at least two lines. The statements shall be separated from all other graphic material by a space no smaller than the minimum allowable height of the type size for other cautionary material (e.g., the phrase ``Not for children under 3 yrs.''). If not separated by that distance, the labeling statements must be surrounded by a border line. Label design, the use of vignettes, or the proximity of other labeling or lettering shall not obscure or render inconspicuous any labeling statement required under Sec. 1500.19(b) and (f). This means that such statements shall appear on a solid background, which need not differ from the background color or any other color on the package label. (2) The words ``WARNING'' or ``SAFETY WARNING'' required by section 24 of the FHSA shall be regarded as signal words. (3) The statement ``CHOKING HAZARD'' shall be regarded as a statement [[Page 607]] of the principal hazard associated with the products subject to this section. (4) All other remaining statements required by this section shall be regarded as ``other cautionary material'' as that term is defined in 16 CFR 1500.121(a)(2)(viii). (5) The principal display panel for a bin, container for retail display, or vending machine shall be the side or surface designed to be most prominently displayed, shown, or presented to, or examined by, prospective purchasers. In the case of bins or containers for retail display, the cautionary material may be placed on a display card of a reasonable size in relationship to the surface area of the bin or container. The area of the display card shall constitute the area of the principal display panel. In the case of vending machines that contain a display card, the cautionary label may be placed either on the display card, on the coinage indicator decal, or on the glass or clear plastic of the machine. If there is no display card inside a vending machine, the size of the principal display panel will be calculated in accordance with 16 CFR 1500.121(c) based on the size of the front of the container from which items are dispensed, exclusive of the area of metal attachments, coin inserts, bases, etc. Any other side or surface of such a bin, container for retail sale, or vending machine that bears information, such as price or product description, for examination by purchasers shall be deemed to be a principal display panel, excluding any side or surface with information that only identifies the company that owns or operates a vending machine. (6) All of the labeling statements required by this section, including those classified as ``other cautionary material,'' must appear on the principal display panel of the product, except as provided for by Sec. 1500.19(f). Any signal word shall appear on the same line and in close proximity to the triangle required by section 24 of the act. Multiple messages should be provided with sufficient space between them, when feasible, to prevent them from visually blending together. (7) All labeling statements required by this section shall comply with the following type size requirements. 16 CFR 1500.121(c)(1) explains how to compute the area of the principal display panel and letter height. Area sq. in....................... 0-2 + 2-5 + 5-10 + 10-15 + 15-30 + 30-100 + 100-400 + 400 Type Size......................... ....... ....... ....... ........ ........ ......... .......... ...... Sig. Wd........................... \3/ \1/ \3/ \7/ \1/8\ thn-eq> thn-eq> 2\ St. Haz........................... \3/ \3/ \1/ \3/ \3/ \7/64\ thn-eq> 4\ Oth. Mat.......................... \1/ \3/ \1/ \1/ \5/ \3/32\ thn-eq> 32\ (8) Labeling required by this section that appears on a bin, container for retail display, or vending machine shall be in reasonable proximity to any pricing or product information contained on the principal display panel, or, if such information is not present, in close proximity to the article that is subject to the labeling requirements. (9) Descriptive material that accompanies a product subject to the labeling requirements, including accompanying material subject to the alternative allowed by Sec. 1500.19(f), shall comply with the requirements of 16 CFR 1500.121(c)(6) relating to literature containing instructions for use which accompanies a hazardous substance. If the descriptive material contains instructions for use, the required precautionary labeling shall be in reasonable proximity to such instructions or directions and shall be placed together within the same general area (see 16 CFR 1500.121(c)(6)). (10) In the case of any alternative labeling statement permitted under Sec. 1500.19(e), the requirements of 16 CFR 1500.121(b)(3) and 1500.121(c)(2)(iii) shall apply to statements or indicators on the principal display panel directing attention to the complete cautionary labeling that appears on another display panel. (11) Any triangle required by this section shall be an equilateral triangle. The height of such a triangle shall be equal to or exceed the height of the letters of the signal word ``WARNING''. [[Page 608]] The height of the exclamation point inside the triangle shall be at least half the height of the triangle, and the exclamation point shall be centered vertically in the triangle. The triangle shall be separated from the signal word by a distance at least equal to the space occupied by the first letter of the signal word. In all other respects, triangles with exclamation points shall conform generally to the provisions of 16 CFR 1500.121 relating to signal words. (e) Combination of labeling statements. The labels of products that contain more than one item subject to the requirements of this section may combine information relating to each of the respective hazards, if the resulting condensed statement contains all of the information necessary to describe the hazard presented by each article. However, in the case of a product that contains a balloon and another item subject to the labeling requirements, only the signal word and statement of hazard may be combined. (f) Alternative labeling statements for small packages. Any cautionary statement required by section 1500.19(b) may be displayed on a display panel of the package of a product subject to the labeling requirement other than the principal display panel only if: (1) The package has a principal display panel of 15 square inches or less, (2) The full labeling statement required by paragraph (b) of this section is displayed in three or more languages on another display panel of the package of the product, and (3)(i) In the case of a toy or game subject to Sec. 1500.19(b)(1), a small ball subject to Sec. 1500.19(b)(3), a marble subject to Sec. 1500.19(b)(4), or a toy or game containing such a ball or marble, the principal display panel of the package bears the statement: [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR27FE95.007 and bears an arrow or other indicator pointing toward or directing the purchaser's attention to the display panel on the package where the full labeling statement appears, or (ii) In the case of a balloon subject to Sec. 1500.19(b)(2) or a toy or game containing such a balloon, the principal display panel bears the statement: [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR27FE95.008 and bears an arrow or other indicator pointing toward or directing the purchaser's attention to the display panel on the package where the full labeling statement appears. (g) Alternative for products manufactured outside the United States. In the case of a product subject to the labeling requirements of Sec. 1500.19(b) which is manufactured outside the United States and is shipped directly from the manufacturer to the consumer by United States mail or other delivery service in an immediate package that contains descriptive material, the descriptive material inside the immediate package of the product need not bear the required labeling statement only if the shipping container of the product contains other accompanying material that bears the required statements displayed in a prominent and conspicuous manner. Products shipped from abroad to a U.S. affiliate for shipment to consumers are included within the scope of this exception. [[Page 609]] (h) Preemption. Section 101(e) of the Child Safety Protection Act of 1994 prohibits any state or political subdivision of a state from enacting or enforcing any requirement relating to cautionary labeling addressing small parts hazards or choking hazards associated with any toy, game, marble, small ball, or balloon intended or suitable for use by children unless the state or local requirement is identical to a requirement established by section 24 of the FHSA or by 16 CFR 1500.19. Section 101(e) allows a state or political subdivision of a state to enforce a non-identical requirement relating to cautionary labeling warning of small parts hazards or choking hazards associated with any toy subject to the provisions of section 24 of FHSA until January 1, 1995, if the non-identical requirement was in effect on October 2, 1993. [60 FR 10752, Feb. 27, 1995, as amended at 60 FR 41802, Aug. 14, 1995] Sec. 1500.20 Labeling requirement for advertising toys and games. (a) Scope. This section applies to catalogue and other printed material advertisements which provide a direct means of purchase or order of products requiring cautionary labeling under sections 24(a) and (b) of the FHSA. (b) Effective Date. Under the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, Public Law 110-314, 122 Stat. 3016 (August 14, 2008), (``CPSIA''), the effective date of the CPSIA's amendment to Section 24 of the FHSA to require cautionary statements in catalogues and other printed materials is February 10, 2009. By this rule, the Commission is providing a grace period of 180 days, or until August 9, 2009, during which catalogues and other printed materials printed prior to February 10, 2009, may be distributed without such cautionary statements. Catalogues and other printed materials that are printed on or after February 10, 2009, must have the required cautionary statements. All catalogues and other printed materials distributed on or after August 9, 2009, must comply with this rule. This rule addresses only catalogues and other printed materials; however, the CPSIA extends the requirements for cautionary statements to Internet advertisements as well. Internet advertisements must comply with Section 24 of the FHSA as amended by the CPSIA no later than December 12, 2008. (c) Definitions. For the purposes of this section, the following definitions shall apply. (1) Ball means a spherical, ovoid, or ellipsoidal object that is designed or intended to be thrown, hit, kicked, rolled, dropped, or bounced. The term ``ball'' includes any spherical, ovoid, or ellipsoidal object that is attached to a toy or article by means of a string, elastic cord, or similar tether. The term ``ball'' also includes a multi-sided object formed by connecting planes into a generally spherical, ovoid, or ellipsoidal shape that is designated or intended to be used as a ball, and any novelty item of a generally spherical, ovoid, or ellipsoidal shape that is designated or intended to be used as a ball. The term ``ball'' does not include dice, or balls permanently enclosed inside pinball machines, mazes, or similar other containers. A ball is permanently enclosed if, when tested in accordance with 16 CFR 1500.53, it is not removed from the outer container. (2) Small ball means a ball that, under the influence of its own weight, passes in any orientation, entirely through a circular hole with a diameter of 1.75 inches (44.4 mm) in a rigid template \1/4\ inches (6 mm) thick. In testing to evaluate compliance with this regulation, the diameter of opening in the Commission's test template shall be no greater than 1.75 inches (44.4 mm). (3) Latex balloon means a toy or decorative item consisting of a latex bag that is designed to be inflated by air or gas. The term does not include inflatable children's toys that are used in aquatic activities such as rafts, water wings, swim rings, or other similar items. (4) Marble means a ball made of hard material, such as glass, agate, marble, or plastic, that is used in various children's games, generally as a playing piece or marker. The term ``marble'' does not include a marble permanently enclosed in a toy or game. A marble is permanently enclosed if, when tested in accordance with 16 CFR 1500.53, it is not removed from the toy or game. [[Page 610]] (5) Small part means any object which, when tested in accordance with the procedures contained in 16 CFR 1501.4(a) and 1501.4(b)(1), fits entirely within the cylinder shown in Figure 1 appended to 16 CFR part 1501. The use and abuse testing provisions of 16 CFR 1500.51 through 1500.53 and 1501.4(b)(2) do not apply to this definition. (6) Direct means of purchase or order means any method of purchase that allows the purchaser to order the product without being in the physical presence of the product. Advertising that provides a direct means of purchase or order of a product would include catalogues or other printed advertising material that contain order blanks, telephone numbers or fax numbers for placing orders, and Internet Web sites that enable consumers to purchase a product online or through the use of a telephone number or fax number provided on the Internet Web site. (d) Advertising requirements. Any toy or game that requires a cautionary statement about the choking hazard associated with small parts, balloons, small balls, or marbles must bear that cautionary statement in the product's advertising if the advertising provides a direct means to purchase or order the product. (1) The advertising for any article that is a toy or game intended for use by children who are at least three years old but less than six years of age shall bear or contain the following cautionary statement if the toy or game includes a small part: [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR17NO08.093 (2) The advertising for any latex balloon, or toy or game that contains a latex balloon, shall bear the following cautionary statement: [[Page 611]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR17NO08.094 (3)(i) The advertising for any small ball intended for children three years of age or older shall bear the following cautionary statement: [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR17NO08.095 (ii) The advertising for any toy or game intended for children who are at least three years old but less than eight years of age that contains a small ball shall bear the following cautionary statement: [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR17NO08.096 (4)(i) The advertising for any marble intended for children three years of age or older shall bear the following cautionary statement: [[Page 612]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR17NO08.097 (ii) The advertising for any toy or game intended for children who are at least three years old but less than eight years of age that contains a marble shall bear the following cautionary statement: [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR17NO08.098 (e) Abbreviated warnings for catalogues and other printed materials. Abbreviated versions of the required cautionary statements are permitted in each individual product advertisement, provided that the corresponding full cautionary statements appear in the catalogue and a statement referring to the precise location of the full cautionary statements--such as the page number on which the cautionary statements can be found--is located at the bottom of each catalogue page that contains one or more abbreviated cautionary statements. If abbreviated cautionary statements are used: (1) The full cautionary statements associated with the abbreviated cautionary statements shall appear: (i) Near the beginning of the catalogue, before any catalogue pages that contain advertisements of products available for purchase, or (ii) Adjacent to the ordering information or order form in the catalogue. (2) The full cautionary statements shall be in conspicuous and legible type in contrast by typography, layout or color. (3) The full cautionary statements shall be clearly numbered according to the following scheme: ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Required cautionary statement Number ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 16 CFR 1500.19(b)(1) \1\................................ 1 16 CFR 1500.19(b)(2) \2\................................ 2 16 CFR 1500.19(b)(3)(i) \3\............................. 3 16 CFR 1500.19(b)(3)(ii) \4\............................ 4 16 CFR 1500.19(b)(4)(i) \5\............................. 5 16 CFR 1500.19(b)(4)(ii) \6\............................ 6 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ \1\ See figure 1. \2\ See Figure 2. \3\ See Figure 3. \4\ See Figure 4. \5\ See Figure 5. \6\ See Figure 6. (4) The abbreviated cautionary statements shall consist of items 1500.20(e)(3)(i) through 1500.20(e)(3)(iv): (i) A safety alert symbol substantially similar to that shown in figure 7. [[Page 613]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR17NO08.099 (ii) The phrase, ``CHOKING HAZARD,'' written in capital letters. (iii) Numbers, separated by commas and enclosed within a single set of parentheses, that identify the applicable cautionary statements for the product being advertised, followed by a period. These numbers shall match the numbers used to identify each full cautionary statement, as specified in 1500.20(e)(2). (iv) A single prohibited age range written as either ``Not for under 3 yrs'' or ``Not for under 8 yrs,'' based on the most restrictive age range for all required cautionary statements for that product. Thus, if an advertised product requires the cautionary statement specified in 16 CFR 1500.19(b)(2), the prohibited age range in the abbreviated cautionary statement shall be ``Not for under 8 yrs.'' (v) For example, see Figure 8 for the abbreviated cautionary statement for an advertisement of a product that requires the cautionary statements specified in 16 CFR 1500.19(b)(1) and 16 CFR 1500.19(b)(2). [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR17NO08.100 (f) Alternatives to cautionary statements for individual product advertisements in catalogues and other printed materials. Multiple identical full or abbreviated cautionary statements may be replaced with a single full cautionary statement under the following circumstances: (1) If all products available for purchase within a catalogue require the same cautionary statement, that cautionary statement, in full, may appear on the front cover, or equally conspicuous location, of the catalogue in lieu of repeating the cautionary statement within the catalogue, provided that it is communicated to consumers that the cautionary statement applies to all products in the catalogue. (2) If all products on one catalogue page or on two facing catalogue pages require the same cautionary statement, that cautionary statement, in full, may appear at the top of the page or pages in lieu of repeating the cautionary statement in each product advertisement, provided that it is communicated to consumers that the cautionary statement applies to all products on the catalogue page or pages. (g) Prominence and conspicuousness of labeling statements. The type size of abbreviated cautionary statements shall be reasonably related to the type size of any other printed matter in the product advertisement, and must be in conspicuous and legible type by typography, layout, or color with other printed matter in the advertisement and separated from other graphic matter. [[Page 614]] (h) Business to Business Catalogue Exception. The requirements of section 24(c)of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act, as amended by section 105 of the CPSIA, do not apply to catalogues and other printed materials distributed solely between businesses unless the recipient business is one that could be expected to be purchasing the product for the use of children (instead of for resale, e.g.). Examples of businesses that can be expected to be purchasing products for the use of children include day care centers, schools, and churches. [73 FR 67736, Nov. 17, 2008, as amended at 73 FR 71545, Nov. 25, 2008] Sec. 1500.40 Method of testing toxic substances. Guidelines for testing the toxicity of substances, including testing that does not require animals, are presented in the CPSC's animal testing policy set forth in 16 CFR 1500.232. A weight-of-evidence analysis, including any of the following: existing human and animal data, structure activity relationships, physicochemical properties; and chemical reactivity, or validated in vitro or in silico testing are recommended to evaluate existing information before in vivo tests are considered. If in vivo testing is conducted, a sequential testing strategy is recommended to reduce the number of test animals. The method of testing the toxic substances referred to in Sec. 1500.3(c)(1) and (2) is as follows: (a) Acute dermal toxicity (single exposure). In the acute exposures, the agent is held in contact with the skin by means of a sleeve for periods varying up to 24 hours. The sleeve, made of rubber dam or other impervious material, is so constructed that the ends are reinforced with additional strips and should fit snugly around the trunk of the animal. The ends of the sleeve are tucked, permitting the central portion to ``balloon'' and furnish a reservoir for the dose. The reservoir must have sufficient capacity to contain the dose without pressure. In the following table are given the dimensions of sleeves and the approximate body surface exposed to the test substance. The sleeves may vary in size to accommodate smaller or larger subjects. In the testing of unctuous materials that adhere readily to the skin, mesh wire screen may be employed instead of the sleeve. The screen is padded and raised approximately 2 centimeters from the exposed skin. In the case of dry powder preparations, the skin and substance are moistened with physiological saline prior to exposure. The sleeve or screen is then slipped over the gauze that holds the dose applied to the skin. In the case of finely divided powders, the measured dose is evenly distributed on cotton gauze which is then secured to the area of exposure. Dimensions of Sleeves for Acute Dermal Toxicity Test [Test animal--Rabbits] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Measurements in centimeters Average percentage -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Range of weight of Average area of exposure of total body Diameter at ends Overall length animals (grams) (square centimeters) surface -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7.0 12.5 2,500-3,500 240 10.7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (b) Preparation of test animal. The animals are prepared by clipping the skin of the trunk free of hair. Approximately one-half of the animals are further prepared by making epidermal abrasions every 2 or 3 centimeters longitudinally over the area of exposure. The abrasions are sufficiently deep to penetrate the stratum corneum (horny layer of the epidermis) but not to distrub the derma; that is, not to obtain bleeding. (c) Procedures for testing. The sleeve is slipped onto the animal which is then placed in a comfortable but immobilized position in a multiple animal holder. Selected doses of liquids and solutions are introduced under the sleeve. If there is slight leakage from the sleeve, which may occur during the first few hours of exposure, it is collected and reapplied. Dosage levels are adjusted in subsequent exposures (if necessary) to enable a calculation of a [[Page 615]] dose that would be fatal to 50 percent of the animals. This can be determined from mortality ratios obtained at various doses employed. At the end of 24 hours the sleeves or screens are removed, the volume of unabsorbed material (if any) is measured, and the skin reactions are noted. The subjects are cleaned by thorough wiping, observed for gross symptoms of poisoning, and then observed for 2 weeks. [38 FR 27012, Sept. 27, 1973, as amended at 77 FR 73294, Dec. 10, 2012; 83 FR 8342, Feb. 27, 2018] Sec. 1500.41 Method of testing primary irritant substances. Guidelines for testing the dermal irritation and corrosivity properties of substances, including testing that does not require animals, are presented in the CPSC's animal testing policy set forth in 16 CFR 1500.232. A weight-of-evidence analysis or a validated in vitro test method is recommended to evaluate existing information before in vivo tests are considered. This analysis should include all of the following that are available: human and animal data, structure activity relationships, physicochemical properties, and dermal toxicity. If in vivo testing is conducted, a sequential testing strategy is recommended to reduce the number of test animals. The method of testing the dermal corrosivity and primary irritation of substances referred to in Sec. 1500.3(c)(3) and (4), respectively, is a patch-test technique on the abraded and intact skin of the albino rabbit, clipped free of hair. Primary irritation to the skin is measured by a patch-test technique on the abraded and intact skin of the albino rabbit, clipped free of hair. A minimum of six subjects are used in abraded and intact skin tests. Introduce under a square patch, such as surgical gauze measuring 1 inch by 1 inch and two single layers thick, 0.5 milliliter (in the case of liquids) or 0.5 gram (in the case of solids and semisolids) of the test substance. Dissolve solids in an appropriate solvent and apply the solution as for liquids. The animals are immobilized with patches secured in place by adhesive tape. The entire trunk of the animal is then wrapped with an impervious material, such as rubberized cloth, for the 24-hour period of exposure. This material aids in maintaining the test patches in position and retards the evaporation of volatile substances. After 24 hours of exposure, the patches are removed and the resulting reactions are evaluated on the basis of the designated values in the following table: ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Skin reaction Value \1\ ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Erythema and eschar formation: No erythema................................................ 0 Very slight erythema (barely perceptible).................. 1 Well-defined erythema...................................... 2 Moderate to severe erythema................................ 3 Severe erythema (beet redness) to slight eschar formations 4 (injuries in depth)....................................... Edema formation: No edema................................................... 0 Very slight edema (barely perceptible)..................... 1 Slight edema (edges of area well defined by definite 2 raising).................................................. Moderate edema (raised approximately 1 millimeter)......... 3 Severe edema (raised more than 1 millimeter and extending 4 beyond the area of exposure).............................. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ \1\ The ``value'' recorded for each reading is the average value of the six or more animals subject to the test. Readings are again made at the end of a total of 72 hours (48 hours after the first reading). An equal number of exposures are made on areas of skin that have been previously abraded. The abrasions are minor incisions through the stratum corneum, but not sufficiently deep to disturb the derma or to produce bleeding. Evaluate the reactions of the abraded skin at 24 hours and 72 hours, as described in this paragraph. Add the values for erythema and eschar formation at 24 hours and at 72 hours for intact skin to the values on abraded skin at 24 hours and at 72 hours (four values). Similarly, add the values for edema formation at 24 hours and at 72 hours for intact and abraded skin (four values). The total of the eight values is divided by four to give the primary irritation score; for example: ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Exposure Skin reaction time Evaluation (hours) value ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Erythema and eschar formation: Intact skin.................................... 24 2 Do............................................ 72 1 Abraded skin................................... 24 3 Do............................................ 72 2 ---------------------- Subtotal.................................... ......... 8 ====================== Edema formation: Intact skin.................................... 24 0 [[Page 616]] Do............................................ 72 1 Abraded skin................................... 24 1 Do............................................ 72 2 ---------------------- Subtotal.................................... ......... 4 ====================== Total....................................... ......... 12 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Thus, the primary irritation score is 12 / 4 = 3. [38 FR 27012, Sept. 27, 1973, as amended at 77 FR 73294, Dec. 10, 2012] Sec. 1500.42 Test for eye irritants. Guidelines for in vivo and in vitro testing of ocular irritation of substances, including testing that does not require animals, are presented in the CPSC's animal testing policy set forth in 16 CFR 1500.232. A weight-of-evidence analysis or a validated in vitro test method is recommended to evaluate existing information before in vivo tests are considered. This analysis should include any of the following: Existing human and animal data on ocular or dermal irritation, structure activity relationships, physicochemical properties, and chemical reactivity. If in vivo testing is conducted, a sequential testing strategy is recommended to reduce the number of test animals. Additionally, the routine use of topical anesthetics, systemic analgesics, and humane endpoints to avoid or minimize pain and distress in ocular safety testing is recommended. (a)(1) In the method of testing the ocular irritation of a substance referred to in Sec. 1500.3(c)(4), six albino rabbits are used for each test substance. Animal facilities for such procedures shall be so designed and maintained as to exclude sawdust, wood chips, or other extraneous materials that might produce eye irritation. Both eyes of each animal in the test group shall be examined before testing, and only those animals without eye defects or irritation shall be used. The animal is held firmly but gently until quiet. The test material is placed in one eye of each animal by gently pulling the lower lid away from the eyeball to form a cup into which the test substance is dropped. The lids are then gently held together for one second and the animal is released. The other eye, remaining untreated, serves as a control. For testing liquids, 0.1 milliliter is used. For solids or pastes, 100 milligrams of the test substance is used, except that for substances in flake, granule, powder, or other particulate form the amount that has a volume of 0.1 milliliter (after compacting as much as possible without crushing or altering the individual particles, such as by tapping the measuring container) shall be used whenever this volume weighs less than 100 milligrams. In such a case, the weight of the 0.1 milliliter test dose should be recorded. The eyes are not washed following instillation of test material except as noted below. (2) The eyes are examined and the grade of ocular reaction is recorded at 24, 48, and 72 hours. Reading of reactions is facilitated by use of a binocular loupe, hand slit-lamp, or other expert means. After the recording of observations at 24 hours, any or all eyes may be further examined after applying fluorescein. For this optional test, one drop of fluorescein sodium ophthalmic solution U.S.P. or equivalent is dropped directly on the cornea. After flushing out the excess fluorescein with sodium chloride solution U.S.P. or equivalent, injured areas of the cornea appear yellow; this is best visualized in a darkened room under ultraviolet illumination. Any or all eyes may be washed with sodium chloride solution U.S.P. or equivalent after the 24-hour reading. (b)(1) An animal shall be considered as exhibiting a positive reaction if the test substance produces at any of the readings ulceration of the cornea (other than a fine stippling), or opacity of the cornea (other than a slight dulling of the normal luster), or inflammation of the iris (other than a slight deepening of the folds (or rugae) or a slight circumcorneal injection of the blood vessels), or if such substance produces in the conjunctivae (excluding the cornea and iris) an obvious swelling with partial eversion of the lids or a diffuse crimson-red with individual vessels not easily discernible. (2) The test shall be considered positive if four or more of the animals in [[Page 617]] the test group exhibit a positive reaction. If only one animal exhibits a positive reaction, the test shall be regarded as negative. If two or three animals a positive reaction, the test is repeated using a different group of six animals. The second test shall be considered positive if three or more of the animals exhibit a positive reaction. If only one or two animals in the second test exhibit a positive reaction, the test shall be repeated with a different group of six animals. Should a third test be needed, the substance will be regarded as an irritant if any animal exhibits a positive response. (c) To assist testing laboratories and others interested in interpreting ocular irritation test results, the CPSC animal testing policy Web page at http://www.cpsc.gov/library/animaltesting.html will contain the scoring system defined in the U.S. EPA's Test Guideline, OPPTS 870.2400: Acute Eye Irritation \1\ or the OECD Test Guideline 405: Acute Eye Irritation/Corrosion.\2\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ EPA. 1998. Health Effects Test Guidelines, OPPTS 870.2400 Acute Eye Irritation. EPA 712-C-98-195. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (Available: http://iccvam.niehs.nih.gov/SuppDocs/ FedDocs/EPA/EPA_870_2400.pdf) \2\ OECD. 2002. OECD Guideline for the Testing of Chemicals 405: Acute Eye Irritation/Corrosion. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co- operation and Development. (Available: http://iccvam.niehs.nih.gov/ SuppDocs/FedDocs/OECD/OECDtg405.pdf) [38 FR 27012, Sept. 27, 1973; 38 FR 30105, Nov. 1, 1973; 62 FR 46667, Sept. 4, 1997; 77 FR 73294, Dec. 10, 2012] Sec. 1500.43 Method of test for flashpoint of volatile flammable materials by Tagliabue open-cup apparatus. Scope 1. (a) This method describes a test procedure for the determination of open-cup flashpoints of volatile flammable materials having flashpoints below 175 [deg]F. (b) This method, when applied to paints and resin solutions which tend to skin over or which are very viscous, gives less reproducible results than when applied to solvents. Outline of Method 2. The sample is placed in the cup of a Tag Open Tester, and heated at a slow but constant rate. A small test flame is passed at a uniform rate across the cup at specified intervals. The flashpoint is taken as the lowest temperature at which application of the test flame causes the vapor at the surface of the liquid to flash, that is, ignite but not continue to burn. Apparatus 3. The Tag open-cup tester is illustrated in Fig. 1. It consists of the following parts, which must conform to the dimensions shown, and have the additional characteristics as noted: [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.051 (a) Copper bath, preferably equipped with a constant level overflow so placed as to maintain the bath liquid level \1/8\-inch below the rim of the glass cup. (b) Thermometer holder. Support firmly with ringstand and clamp. (c) Thermometer. For flashpoints above 40 [deg]F., use the ASTM Tag Closed Tester Thermometer, range of + 20 to + 230 [deg]F., in 1 [deg]F. divisions, and conforming to thermometer 9F. of ASTM Standard E 1. For flashpoints from 20 [deg]F. to 40 [deg]F., use ASTM Tag Closed Tester, Low Range, Thermometer 57F. For flashpoints below 20 [deg]F., use ASTM Thermometer 33F. The original Tag Open-Cup (Paper Scale) Thermometer will be a permissible alternate until January 1, 1962. It is calibrated to -20 [deg]F. (d) Glass test cup. Glass test cup (Fig. 2), of molded clear glass, annealed, heat-resistant, and free from surface defects. [[Page 618]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.052 (e) Leveling device. Leveling device or guide, for proper adjustment of the liquid level in the cup (Fig. 3). This shall be made of No. 18- gage polished aluminum, with a projection for adjusting the liquid level when the sample is added to exactly \1/8\-inch below the level of the edge or rim of the cup. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.053 (f) ``Micro,'' or small gas burner of suitable dimensions for heating the bath. A screw clamp may be used to help regulate the gas. A small electric heater may be used. (g) Ignition taper, which is a small straight, blow-pipe type gas burner. The test flame torch prescribed in the method of test for flash and fire points by Cleveland Open Cup (ASTM designation: D 92) is satisfactory. (h) Alternative methods for maintaining the ignition taper in a fixed horizontal plane above the liquid may be used, as follows: (1) Guide wire, \3/32\-inch in diameter and 3\1/2\ inches in length, with a right-angle bend \1/2\-inch from each end. This wire is placed snugly in holes drilled in the rim of the bath, so that the guide wire is \5/8\-inch from the center of the cup and resting on the rim of the cup. (2) Swivel-type taper holder, such as is used in ASTM METHOD D 92. The height and position of the taper are fixed by adjusting the holder on a suitable ringstand support adjacent to the flash cup. (i) Draft shield, consisting of two rectangular sheets of noncombustible material, 24 inches x 28 inches, are fastened together along the 28-inch side, preferably by hinges. A triangular sheet, 24 inches x 24 inches x 34 inches is fastened by hinges to one of the lateral sheets (to form a top when shield is open). The interior of the draft shield shall be painted a flat black. Procedure 4. (a) Place the tester on a solid table free of vibration, in a location free of perceptible draft, and in a dim light. (b) Run water, brine, or water-glycol solution into the bath to a predetermined level, which will fill the bath to \1/8\-inch below the top when the cup is in place. An overflow is permissible for water-level control. (c) Firmly support the thermometer vertically halfway between the center and edge of the cup on a diameter at right angles to the guide wire, or on a diameter passing through the center of the cup and the pivot of the taper. Place so that the bottom of the bulb is \1/4\-inch from the inner bottom surface of the cup. If the old Tagliabue thermometer is used, immerse to well cover the mercury bulb, but not the wide body of the thermometer. (d) Fill the glass cup with the sample liquid to a depth just \1/8\- inch below the edge, as determined by the leveling device. (e) Place the guide wire or swivel device in position, and set the draft shield around the tester so that the sides from right angles with each other and the tester is well toward the back of the shield. (f) If a guide wire is used, the taper, when passed, should rest lightly on the wire, with the end of the jet burner just clear of the edge of the guide wire. If the swivel-type holder is used, the horizontal and vertical positions to the jet are so adjusted that the jet passes on the circumference of a circle, having a radius of at least 6 inches, across the center of the cup at right angles to the diameter passing through the thermometer, and in a plane \1/8\-inch above the upper edge of the cup. The taper should be kept in the ``off'' position, at one end or the other of the swing, except when the flame is applied. (g) Light the ignition flame and adjust it to form a flame of spherical form matching in size the \5/52\-inch sphere on the apparatus. (h) Adjust heater source under bath so that the temperature of the sample increases at a rate of 20.5 [deg]F. per minute. With viscous materials this rate of heating cannot always be obtained. Initial Test 5. Determine an approximate flashpoint by passing the taper flame across the sample at [[Page 619]] intervals of 2 [deg]F. Each pass must be in one direction only. The time required to pass the ignition flame across the surface of the sample should be 1 second. Remove bubbles from the surface of the sample liquid before starting a determination. Meticulous attention to all details relating to the taper, size of taper flame, and rate of passing the taper is necessary for good results. When determining the flashpoint of viscous liquids and those liquids that tend to form a film of polymer, etc., on the surface, the surface film should be disturbed mechanically each time before the taper flame is passed. Recorded Tests 6. Repeat the procedure by cooling a fresh portion of the sample, the glass cup, the bath solution, and the thermometer at least 20 [deg]F. below the approximate flashpoint. Resume heating, and pass the taper flame across the sample at two intervals of 2 [deg]F. until the flashpoint occurs. Reporting Data 7. The average of not less than three recorded tests, other than the initial test, shall be used in determining the flashpoint and flammability of the substance. Standardization 8. (a) Make determinations in triplicate on the flashpoint of standard paraxylene and of standard isopropyl alcohol which meet the following specifications: (i) Specifications for p-xylene, flashpoint check grade. p-xylene shall conform to the following requirements; Specific gravity: 15.56 [deg]C./15.56 [deg]C., 0.860 minimum, 0.866 maximum Boiling range: 2 [deg]C. maximum from start to dry point when tested in accordance with the method of test for distillation of industrial aromatic hydrocarbons (ASTM designation: D 850), or the method of test for distillation range of lacquer solvents and diluents (ASTM) designation D 1078). The range shall include the boiling point of pure P-xylene, which is 138.35 [deg]C. (281.03 [deg]F.). Purity: 95 percent minimum, calculated in accordance with the method of test for determination of purity from freezing points of high- purity compounds (ASTM designation: D 1016), from the experimentally determined freezing point, measured by the method of test for measurement of freezing points of high- purity compounds for evaluation of purity (ASTM designation: D 1015). (ii) Specifications for ispropanol, flash point check grade. Isopropanol shall conform to the following requirements: Specific gravity: 0.8175 to 0.8185 at 20 [deg]C./20 [deg]C. as determined by means of a calibrated pycnometer. Distillation range: Shall entirely distill within a 1.0 [deg]C. range which shall include the temperature 80.4 [deg]C. as determined by ASTM method D 1078. Average these values for each compound. If the difference between the values for these two compounds is less than 15 [deg]F. (8.5 [deg]C.) or more than 27 [deg]F. (16 [deg]C.), repeat the determinations or obtain fresh standards. (b) Calculate a correction factor as follows: X = 92 - A Y = 71 - B Correction = (X + Y) / 2. Where: A = Observed flash of p- xylene, and B = Observed flash of isopropyl alcohol. Apply this correction of all determinations. Half units in correction shall be discarded. Precision 9. (a) For hydrocarbon solvents having flashpoints between 60 [deg]F. and 110 [deg]F., repeatability is 2 [deg]F. and the reproducibility is 5 [deg]F. (b) If results from two tests differ by more than 10 [deg]F., they shall be considered uncertain and should be checked. This calibration procedure provided in this method will cancel out the effect of barometric pressure if calibration and tests are run at the same pressure. Data supporting the precision are given appendix III of the 1956 Report of Committee D-1 on Paint, Varnish, Lacquers and Related Products, Proceedings, Am. Soc. Testing Mats., Vol. 56 (1956). Note: The test apparatus and procedure described in Sec. 1500.43 may be used by manufacturers and labelers of products subject to the Federal Hazardous Substances Act to determine flashpoint temperatures of those products under the conditions set forth in Sec. 1500.3(c)(6)(iv), as amended. [51 FR 28537, Aug. 8, 1986] Sec. 1500.43a Method of test for flashpoint of volatile flammable materials. (a) Scope. (1) This method describes the test procedure which the Commission will use for the determination of the flashpoint of volatile flammable materials, using a Setaflash \1\ low-range closed tester, or an apparatus producing equivalent results. The method described in this section is essentially a Setaflash equilibrium procedure [[Page 620]] which closely parallels the test method designated ASTM D 3828-81, ``Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Setaflash Closed Tester,'' published by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103. Manufacturers and labelers of products subject to labeling and other requirements under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act may use other apparatus and/or test methods which produce equivalent results. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ Setaflash is a registered trademark of Stanhope-Seta Limited, Surrey, England. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (2) At the option of the user, the procedures described in this section may be used to determine the actual flashpoint temperature of a sample or to determine whether a product will or will not flash at a specified temperature (flash/no flash). (3) If the substance to be tested has a viscosity greater than 150 Stokes at 77 [deg]F (25 [deg]C), see paragraph (n) of this section for modifications to the testing procedure. (4) If the Commission has reason to believe on the basis of reliable experience or other relevant information or data that the flammability hazard of a substance is greater or less than its flammability classification based on flashpoint temperature determined in accordance with this Sec. 1500.43a and that the substance should be reclassified, the Commission will initiate a rulemaking proceeding for reclassification of the substance. Product manufacturers and labelers may use reliable experience or other relevant information or data in addition to the flashpoint temperature of a substance as a basis for compliance with any applicable requirements of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act in the absence of a rule issued by the Commission to reclassify the substance. (b) Summary of test methods. (1) Method A--Flash/No Flash Test. A specified volume of sample is introduced by a syringe into the cup of the apparatus that is set and maintained at the specified temperature. After a specific time a test flame is applied and an observation made as to whether or not a flash occurred. Test procedures are set forth in detail in Sec. 1500.43a(i). (2) Method B--Finite (or Actual) Flashpoint. (i) A specified voume of sample is introduced into the cup of the apparatus that is maintained at the expected flashpoint. After a specified time a test flame is applied and the observation made whether or not a flash occurred. (ii) The specimen is removed from the cup, the cup cleaned, and the cup temperature adjusted 5 [deg]C (9 [deg]F), lower or higher depending on whether or not a flash occurred previously. A fresh specimen is introduced and tested. This procedure is repeated until the flashpoint is established within 5 [deg]C (9 [deg]F). (iii) The procedure is then repeated at 1 [deg]C (2 [deg]F) intervals until the flashpoint is determined to the nearest 1 [deg]C (2 [deg]F). (iv) If improved accuracy is desired the procedure is repeated at 0.5 [deg]C (1 [deg]F). Test procedures are set forth in detail at Sec. 1500.43a(j). (3) The test procedures will be modified, where necessary, to ensure that the results obtained reflect the hazard of the substance under reasonably foreseeable conditions of use. Thus, for example, the material, if a mixture, will normally be tested as it comes from the container, and/or after a period of evaporation. The period of evaporation for a material which is a mixture will normally be the time required for the mixture to evaporate in an open beaker under ambient conditions to 90 percent of its original volume, or a period of four hours, whichever occurs first. However, this period of evaporation will be changed if the results obtained do not represent the hazard of the substance under reasonably foreseeable conditions of use. (c) Definition of flashpoint. The lowest temperature of the sample, corrected to a barometric pressure of 101.3 kPa (760 mm Hg), at which application of a test flame causes the vapor of the sample to ignite under specified conditions of test. The sample is deemed to have flashed when a large flame appears and instantaneously propagates itself over the surface of the sample. Occasionally, particularly near actual flashpoint, the application of the test flame will cause a halo or an enlarged flame; this is not a flash and should be ignored. (d) Test apparatus. The test apparatus is an equilibrium closed-cup tester [[Page 621]] with a range up to 100 [deg]C (212 [deg]F). The essential dimensions and requirements are shown in figure 1 and table 3, and are described in Sec. 1500.43a(m). Closed-cup flashpoint testers and accessories meeting these requirements are available from commercial suppliers and distributors of laboratory equipment. (e) Safety precautions. The operator must exercise and take appropriate safety precautions during the initial application of the test flame to the sample. Samples containing low-flash material may give an abnormally strong flash when the test flame is first applied. (f) Preparation of samples. (1) Erroneously high flashpoints may be obtained if precautions are not taken to avoid the loss of volatile material. In preliminary tests of materials taken directly from the container, do not open containers unnecessarily and make a transfer unless the sample temperature is at least 10 [deg]C (18 [deg]F) below the expected flashpoint. Do not use samples in leaky containers for this test. (2) Do not store samples in plastic (polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.) bottles since volatile material may diffuse through the walls of the bottle. (3) A 2-ml specimen is required for each test. If possible, obtain at least a 50-ml sample from the bulk test site and store in a clean, tightly closed container. (g) Preparation of apparatus. (1) Place the tester on a level, stable surface. Unless tests are made in a draft-free area, surround the tester on three sides with a shield for protection. Do not rely on tests made in a laboratory draft hood or near ventilators. (2) Read the manufacturer's instructions on the care and servicing of the instrument and for correct operation of its controls. (h) Calibration and standardization. (1) Before initial use determine and plot the relationship between the temperature control dial and the thermometer readings at each major (numbered) dial division as follows: Turn the temperature control knob \2\ fully counterclockwise (``O'' reading). Advance the temperature control knob clockwise until the indicator light is illuminated. \3\ Advance the knob clockwise to the next numbered line. After the thermometer mercury column ceases to advance, record the dial reading and the temperature. Advance the knob clockwise to the next numbered line. After the thermometer mercury column ceases to advance, read the dial reading and the temperature. Repeat this procedure through the full range of the instrument. Plot the dial readings versus the respective temperatures. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\ If the instrument has two temperature control knobs, set the fine control (center, small knob) at its mid-position and allow it to remain there throughout the calibration. The calibration is determined by adjusting the coarse control (large, outer knob) only. \3\ When using the tester, it will be found that the indicator light may not illuminate and the temperature may not rise until a temperature control dial setting between one and two is reached. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (2) Standardize the instrument using a sample of material meeting the specifications in table 1. If the average of two determinations falls within the acceptable limits the instrument is assumed to be operating properly. If the average of the two determinations does not fall within this range, check the manufacturer's operating and maintenance instructions and determine that they are being followed. In particular, be sure that the cup lid assembly makes a vapor-tight seal with the cup, the shutter provides a light-tight seal, and that adequate heat transfer paste surrounds the thermometer bulb and the immersed portion of the barrel. (i) Test Method A--for determining Flash/No Flash. (1) Determine the target flashpoint as follows: (i) Target flashpoint, [deg]C = Sc--0.25 (101.3--A) (ii) Target flashpoint, [deg]C = Sc--0.03 (760-B) (iii) Target flashpoint, [deg]F = Sf--0.06 (760-B) where: Sc = specification, or uncorrected target, flashpoint, [deg]C, Sf = specification, or uncorrected target, flashpoint, [deg]F, [[Page 622]] B = ambient barometric pressure, mm Hg, \4\ and --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \4\ The barometric pressure used in this calculation must be the ambient pressure for the laboratory at the time of test. Many aneroid barometers, such as those used at weather stations and airports, are precorrected to give sea-level readings; these must not be used. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- A = ambient barometer pressure, kPa. \4\ (2) Inspect the inside of the sample cup, lid, and shutter mechanism for cleaniness and freedom from contamination. Use an absorbent paper tissue to wipe clean, if necessary. Put cover in place and lock securely. The filing orifice may be convenienty cleaned with a pipe cleaner. (3) Set the instrument at the target temperature. (i) For target temperature below ambient. The instrument power switch is to be in the off position. Fill the refigerant-charged cooling block with a suitable material. \5\ Raise the lid and shutter assembly, and position the base of the block in the sample cup, being careful not to injure or mar the cup. When the thermometer reads approximately 6 to 10 [deg]C (10 to 20 [deg]F) below the target temperature, remove the cooling block and quickly dry the cup with a paper tissue to remove any moisture. Immediately close the lid and shutter assembly and secure. Prepare to introduce the sample using the syringe, both of which have been precooled to a temperature 5 to 10 [deg]C (10 to 20 [deg]F) below the target temperature. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \5\ If the target or specification temperature is not less than 5 [deg]C (40 [deg]F) crushed ice and water may be used as charging (cooling) fluid. If below 5 [deg]C (40 [deg]F), a suitable charging (cooling) fluid is solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) and acetone. If the refrigerant charged cooling module is unavailable, refer to the manufacturer's instruction manual for alternative methods of cooling. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (A) Caution: Do not cool the sample block below -38 [deg]C, the freezing point of mercury. (B) Caution: Acetone is extremely flammable. Keep away from heat, sparks, and flames and keep container closed when not actually pouring acetone. Use only in a well-ventilated area. Avoid inhalation and contact with the eyes or skin. Use cloth or leather gloves, goggles or safety shield, and keep dry ice in a canvas bag, especially when cracking. (ii) For target temperature above ambient. Switch the instrument on and turn the coarse temperature control knob fully clockwise (full on) causing the indicator light to illuminate. \6\ When the thermometer indicates a temperature about 3 [deg]C (5 [deg]F) below the target (or specification) temperature, reduce the heat input to the sample cup by turning the coarse temperature control knob counter-clockwise to the desired control point (see Sec. 1500.43a(i)(1)). When the indicator light slowly cycles on and off read the temperature on the thermometer. If necessary, adjust the fine (center) temperature control knob to obtain the desired test (target) temperature. When the test temperature is reached and the indicator lamp slowly cycles on and off, prepare to introduce the sample. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \6\ The target temperature may be attained by originally turning the coarse temperature control knob to the proper setting (see Sec. 1500.43a(h)(1) for the temperature desired rather than the maximum setting (full on). The elapsed time to reach the temperature will be greater, except for maximum temperature. However, less attention will be required during the intervening period. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (4) Charge the syringe with a 2-ml specimen of the sample \7\ to be tested; transfer the syringe to the filling orifice, taking care not to lose any sample; discharge the test specimen into the cup by fully depressing the syringe plunger, remove the syringe. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \7\ For target or expected temperatures below ambient, both syringe and sample must be precooled to cup temperature (see Sec. 1500.43a(i)(3)(i)) before the specimen is taken. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (5)(i) Set the timer \8\ by rotating its knob clockwise to its stop. Open the gas control valve and light the pilot and test flames. Adjust the test flame with the pinch valve to conform to the size of the 4-mm (5/32-in.) gage. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \8\ For target temperatures below ambient, do not set the timer. Adjust the test flame and allow the temperature to rise under ambient conditions until the target temperature is reached. Immediately apply the test flame as detailed. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (ii) After the time signal indicates the specimen is at test temperature \8\, apply the test flame by slowly and uniformly opening the shutter and closing [[Page 623]] it completely over a period of approximately 2\1/2\ s. \9\ Watch closely for a flash at the cup openings. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \9\ Never apply the test flame to the specimen more than once. Fresh portions of the sample must be used for each test. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (iii) The sample is deemed to have flashed when a large flame appears and instantaneously propagates itself over the surface of the sample (see Sec. 1500.43a(c)). (6) Record the test results as ``flash'' or ``no flash'' and the test temperature. (7) Turn off the pilot and test flames using the gas control valve. Remove the sample and clean the instrument. It may be necessary to allow the cup temperature to decline to a safe level before cleaning. (j) Test Method B--for determining Finite or Actual Flashpoint. (1) Inspect the inside of the sample cup, lid, and shutter mechanism for cleanliness and freedom from contamination. Use an absorbent paper tissue to wipe clean, if necessary. Put cover in place and lock securely. The filling orifice may be conveniently cleaned with a pipe cleaner. (2) For expected flashpoints below ambient. (i) The instrument power switch is to be in off position. Fill the refrigerant-charged cooling block with a suitable material. \5\ Raise the lid and shutter assembly, and position the base of the block in the sample cup, being careful not to injure or mar the cup. When the thermometer reaches a temperature 5 to 10 [deg]C (10 to 20 [deg]F) below the expected flashpoint, remove the cooling block and quickly dry the cup with a paper tissue to remove any moisture. Immediately close the lid and shutter assembly and secure. Prepare to introduce the sample using the syringe, both of which have been precooled to a temperature 5 to 10 [deg]C (10 to 20 [deg]F) below the expected temperature (See Sec. 1500.43a(j)(5)). (ii) Caution: Do not cool the sample block below -38 [deg]C, the freezing point of mercury. (3) For tests where the expected flashpoint is above ambient. Turn the coarse temperature control knob fully clockwise (full on) causing the indicator light to illuminate. When the thermometer reaches a temperature 3 [deg]C (5 [deg]F) below the estimated flashpoint, turn the coarse temperature knob counter-clockwise to the dial reading representing the estimated flashpoint temperature as shown on the calibration curve (See Sec. 1500.43a(h)(1)). When the indicator light slowly cycles on and off, read the temperature on the thermometer. If necessary, adjust the fine temperature control knob to obtain the exact desired temperature. (4)(i) Charge the syringe \7\ with a 2 ml specimen of the sample \7\ to be tested; transfer the syringe to the filling orifice, taking care not to lose any sample; discharge the test specimen into the cup by fully depressing the syringe plunger; remove the syringe. (ii) Set the timer \10\ by rotating its knob clockwise to its stop. Open the gas control valve and ignite the pilot and test flames. Adjust the test flame with the pinch valve to conform to the size of the 4-mm (\5/32\-in.) gage. (iii) After the audible time signal indicates the specimen is at test temperature, \10\ apply the test flame by slowly and uniformly opening the shutter and then closing it completely over a period of approximately 2\1/2\ s. Watch closely for a flash at the cup opening. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \10\ For expected flashpoint below ambient, do not set the timing device. Adjust the test flame. Allow the temperature to rise under ambient conditions until the temperature reaches 5 [deg]C (9 [deg]F) below the expected flashpoint. Immediately apply the test flame. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (iv) The sample is deemed to have flashed only if a large flame appears and instantaneously propagates itself over the surface of the sample. (See Sec. 1500.43a(c).) (v) Turn off the pilot and test flames using the gas control valve. When the cup temperature declines to a safe level, remove the sample and clean the instrument. (5)(i) If a flash was observed in Sec. 1500.43a(j)(4)(iii) repeat the procedure given in Sec. 1500.43a(j)(2) or (3), and in Sec. 1500.43a(j)(4), testing a new specimen at a temperature 5 [deg]C (9 [deg]F) below that at which the flash was observed. (ii) If necessary, repeat the procedure in Sec. 1500.43a(j)(5)(i), lowering the temperature 5 [deg]C (9 [deg]F) each time, until no flash is observed. \9\ [[Page 624]] (iii) Proceed to Sec. 1500.43a(j)(7). (6)(i) If no flash was observed in Sec. 1500.43a(j)(4)(iii) repeat the procedure given in Sec. 1500.43a(j)(2) or (3), and in Sec. 1500.43a(j)(4), testing a fresh specimen at a temperature 5 [deg]C (9 [deg]F) above that at which the specimen was tested in Sec. 1500.43a(j)(4)(iii). (ii) If necessary repeat the procedure in Sec. 1500.43a(j)(6)(i), above, raising the temperature 5 [deg]C (9 [deg]F) each time until a flash is observed. \9\ (7) Having established a flash within two temperatures 5 [deg]C (9 [deg]F) apart, repeat the procedure at 1 [deg]C (2 [deg]F) intervals from the lower of the two temperatures until a flash is observed. \9\ Record the temperature of the test when this flash occurs as the flashpoint, allowing for any known thermometer correction. Record the barometric pressure. \4\ (8) The flashpoint determined in Sec. 1500.43a(j)(7) will be to the nearest 1 [deg]C (2 [deg]F). If improved accuracy is desired (that is, to the nearest 0.5 [deg]C (1 [deg]F)), test a fresh specimen at a temperature 0.5 [deg]C (1 [deg]F) below that at which the flash was observed in Sec. 1500.43a(j)(7). If no flash is observed, the temperature recorded in Sec. 1500.43a(j)(7), is the flashpoint to the nearest 0.5 [deg]C (1 [deg]F). If a flash is observed at the lower temperature, record this latter temperature as the flashpoint. (9) Turn off the pilot and test flames using the gas control valve. When the cup temperature declines to a safe level, remove the sample and clean the instrument. (k) Calculations. If it is desired to correct the observed finite flashpoint for the effect of barometric pressure, proceed as follows: Observe and record the ambient barometric pressure \4\ at the time of the test. If the pressure differs from 101.3 kPa (760 mm Hg), correct the flashpoint as follows: (1) Corrected flashpoint ([deg]C) = C + 0.25 (101.3-A) (2) Corrected flashpoint ([deg]F) = F + 0.06 (760-B) (3) Corrected flashpoint ([deg]C) = C + 0.03 (760-B) Where: F = Observed flashpoint, [deg]F, C = observed flashpoint, [deg]C, B = ambient barometric pressure, mm Hg; and A = ambient barometric pressure, kPa. (l) Precision. The precision of the method as determined by statistical examination of interlaboratory results is as follows: (1) Repeatability. The difference between two test results obtained by the same operator with the same apparatus under constant operating conditions on identical test material, would, in the long run, in the normal and correct operation of the test method, exceed the values shown in table 2 only in 1 case in 20. (2) Reproducibility. The difference between two single and independent results obtained by different operators working in different laboratories on identical test material, would, in the long run, in the normal and correct operation of the test method, exceed the values shown in table 2 only in 1 case in 20. (m) Flash Test Apparatus. (1)(i) Unit consisting of an aluminum alloy or nonrusting metal block of suitable conductivity with a cylindrical depression, or sample cup, over which is fitted a cover. A thermometer is embedded in the block. (ii) The cover is fitted with an opening slide and a device capable of inserting an ignition flame (diameter 40.5 mm) into the well when the slide device shall intersect the plane of the underside of the cover. The cover is also provided with an orifice extending into the sample well for insertion of the test sample and also a suitable clamping device for securing the cover tightly to the metal block. The three openings in the cover shall be within the diameter of the sample well. When the slide is in the open position, the two openings in the slide shall coincide exactly with the two corresponding openings in the cover. (iii) Electrical heaters are attached to the bottom of the cup in a manner that provides efficient transfer of heat. An electronic heat control is required to hold the equilibrium temperature, in a draft-free area, within 0.1 [deg]C (0.2 [deg]F) for the low-temperature tester. A visual indicator lamp shows when energy is or is not being applied. Energy may be supplied from 120 or 240 V, 50 or 60 Hz main service. (2)(i) Test flame and pilot flame-regulatable test flame, for dipping into [[Page 625]] the sample cup to try for flash, and a pilot flame, to maintain the test flame, are required. These flames may be fueled by piped gas service. A gage ring 4mm (5/32 in.) in diameter, engraved on the lid near the test flame, is required to ensure uniformity in the size of the test flame. (ii) Caution: Never recharge the self-contained gas tank at elevated temperature, or with the pilot or test flames lighted, nor in the vicinity of other flames. (iii) Audible Signal is required. The audiable signal is given after 1 min in the case of the low-temperature tester. (iv) Syringe. 2ml capacity, equipped with a needle suitable for use with the apparatus, adjusted to deliver 2.000.05 ml. (3) Essential dimensions of the test apparatus are set forth in table 3. (n) Testing high-viscosity liquids. (1) High-viscosity materials may be added to the cup by the following procedure: (i) Back load a 5 or 10-ml syringe with the sample to be tested and extrude 2 ml into the cup. Spread the specimen as evenly as possible over the bottom of the cup. (ii) If the sample cannot be loaded into a syringe and extruded, other means of adding the sample to the cup may be used such as a spoon. Add approximately 2 ml of material to the spoon and then push the material from the spoon into the cup. (iii) If the test specimen does not close the sampling port in the cup, seal the cup externally by suitable means. (2) Using the appropriate procedure, either Method A in Sec. 1500.43a(i) or Method B in Sec. 1500.43a(j), determine the flashpoint of the specimen which has been added to the tester in accordance with Sec. 1500.43a(n)(i), except that the time specified is increased from 1 to 5 minutes for samples at or above ambient temperature. Table 1--Calibration of Tester Material.................................. p-xylene\A\ (Caution).\B\ Specific gravity. 15.6/15.6 [deg]C (60/60 0.850 to 0.866. [deg]F). Boiling range............................. 2 [deg]C maximum including 138.35 [deg]C (281.03 [deg]F). Freezing point............................ 11.23 [deg]C (52.2 [deg]F) minimum. Flashpoint [deg]C (acceptable range)...... 25.6 0.5 (78 1 [Phi]). \A\ Available as Flash Point Check Fluid (p-xylene) from Special Products Div., Phillips Petroleum Co., Drawer `O,' Borger, Texas 79007. \B\ Caution: Handle xylene with care. Avoid inhalation; use only in a well-ventilated area. Avoid prolonged or repeated contact with skin. Keep away from flames and heat, except as necessary for the actual flash point determination. Table 2--Repeatability and Reproducibility ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Repeatability, Temperature, [deg]C ([deg]F) [deg]C Reproducibility, ([deg]F) [deg]C ([deg]F) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 20(68)................................ 0.5(0.9) 1.4(2.6) 70(158)............................... 0.5(0.9) 2.9(5.3) 93(200)............................... 1.3(2.3) 4.9(8.8) 150(300).............................. 2.0(3.6) 7.5(13.5) 200(400).............................. 2.6(4.7) 9.9(17.9) 260(500).............................. 3.3(5.9) 12.4(22.3) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Table 3--Essential Dimensions of Flash Test Apparatus \A B\ Sample Block Block diameter............................................ 61.5-62.5 Sample well diameter...................................... 49.40-49.70 Sample well depth......................................... 9.70-10.00 Top of block to center of thermometer hole................ 16.00-17.00 Diameter of thermometer hole (approx.).................... 7.0004 Cover Large opening length...................................... 12.42-12.47 Large opening width....................................... 10.13-10.18 Small opening length...................................... 5.05-5.10 Small opening width....................................... 7.60-7.65 Distance between extreme edges of small openings.......... 48.37-48.32 Filling orifice diameter.................................. 4.00-4.50 Bore or filler tube....................................... 1.80-1.85 Maximum distance of filler tube from base of well with 0.75 cover closed (max.)...................................... Slide Large opening length...................................... 12.42-12.47 Large opening width....................................... 10.13-10.18 Small opening length...................................... 5.05-5.10 Small opening width....................................... 7.60-7.65 Near edge of large opening to end of slide................ 12.80-12.85 Extremes of large and small openings...................... 30.40-30.45 Jet Length of jet............................................. 18.30-18.40 External diameter at end of jet........................... 2.20-2.60 Bore of jet............................................... 1.60-1.65 Height of jet center above top surface of cover........... 11.00-11.20 Jet pivot to center of block with cover closed............ 12.68-12.72 \A\ The O-seal or gasket which provides a seal when the cover is shut, should be made of a heat-resistant material capable of withstanding temperatures up to 150 [deg]C for the low-range apparatus. \B\ When in position, the thermometer bulb should be surrounded with heat-conducting thermoplastic compound, such as a paste comprised of zinc oxide and mineral oil. [[Page 626]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.054 [51 FR 28539, Aug. 8, 1986] Sec. 1500.44 Method for determining extremely flammable and flammable solids. (a) Preparation of samples--(1) Granules, powders, and pastes. Pack the sample into a flat, rectangular metal boat with inner dimensions 6 inches long x 1 inch wide x one-fourth inch deep. (2) Rigid and pliable solids. Measure the dimensions of the sample and support it by means of metal ringstands, clamps, rings, or other suitable devices as needed, so that the major axis is oriented horizontally and the maximum surface is freely exposed to the atmosphere. (b) Procedure. Place the prepared sample in a draft-free area that can be ventilated and cleared after each test. The temperature of the sample at the [[Page 627]] time of testing shall be between 68 [deg]F. and 86 [deg]F. Hold a burning paraffin candle whose diameter is at least 1 inch, so that the flame is in contact with the surface of the sample at the end of the major axis for 5 seconds or until the sample ignites, whichever is less. Remove the candle. By means of a stopwatch, determine the time of combustion with self-sustained flame. Do not exceed 60 seconds. Extinguish flame with a CO2 or similar nondestructive type extinguisher. Measure the dimensions of the burnt area and calculate the rate of burning along the major axis of the sample. Sec. 1500.45 Method for determining extremely flammable and flammable contents of self-pressurized containers. (a) Equipment required. The test equipment consists of a base 8 inches wide, 2 feet long, marked in 6-inch intervals. A rule 2 feet long and marked in inches is supported horizontally on the side of the base and about 6 inches above it. A paraffin candle 1 inch or more in diameter, and of such height that the top third of the flame is at the height of the horizontal rule, is placed at the zero point in the base. (b) Procedure. The test is conducted in a draft-free area that can be ventilated and cleared after each test. Place the self-pressurized container at a distance of 6 inches from the flame source. Spray for periods of 15 seconds to 20 seconds (one observer noting the extension of the flame and the other operating the container) through the top third of the flame and at a right angle to the flame. The height of the flame should be approximately 2 inches. Take three readings for each test, and average. As a precaution do not spray large quantities in a small, confined space. Free space of previously discharged material. Sec. 1500.46 Method for determining flashpoint of extremely flammable contents of self-pressurized containers. Use the apparatus described in Sec. 1500.43a. Use some means such as dry ice in an open container to chill the pressurized container. Chill the container, the flash cup, and the bath solution of the apparatus (brine or glycol may be used) to a temperature of about 25 [deg]F below zero. Puncture the chilled container to exhaust the propellant. Transfer the chilled formulation to the test apparatus and test in accordance with the method described in Sec. 1500.43a. [51 FR 28544, Aug. 8, 1986] Sec. 1500.48 Technical requirements for determining a sharp point in toys and other articles intended for use by children under 8 years of age. (a) Objective. The sharp point test prescribed by paragraph (d) of this section will be used by the Commission in making a preliminary determination that points on toys and other articles intended for use by children under 8 years of age, and such points exposed in normal use or as a result of reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse of such toys and articles, present a potential risk of injury by puncture or laceration under section 2(s) of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (15 U.S.C. 1261(s)). The Commission will further evaluate points that are identified as presenting a potential risk of puncture or laceration injury to determine the need for individual product regulatory action. (b) Scope--(1) General. The sharp point test of paragraph (d) of this section is applicable to toys or other articles that are introduced into interstate commerce on or after December 22, 1978. The sharp point test shall be applied to any accessible portion of the test sample before and after subjecting the test sample to the use and abuse tests of Sec. Sec. 1500.51, 1500.52, and 1500.53 (excluding the bite test- paragraph (c) of each section). (2) Exemptions. (i) Toys and other children's articles that are the subject of any of the following regulations are exempt from this Sec. 1500.48: The regulations for bicycles, non-full-size baby cribs, and full-size baby cribs (parts 1508, 1509, and 1512, of this chapter). (ii) Toys that by reason of their functional purpose necessarily present the hazard of sharp points and that do not have any nonfunctional sharp points are exempt from this Sec. 1500.48: Provided, Each toy is identified by a conspicuous, legible, and visible label at the time of any sale, as having functional sharp [[Page 628]] points. An example of such toys is a toy sewing machine with a needle. (iii) Articles, besides toys, intended for use by children that by reason of their functional purpose necessarily present the hazard of sharp points and that do not have any nonfunctional sharp points are exempt from this Sec. 1500.48. An example of such articles is a ball- point pen. (c) Accessibility--(1) General. Any point that is accessible either before or after these tests of Sec. Sec. 1500.51, 1500.52, and 1500.53 (excluding the bite test--paragraph (c) of each section) are performed shall be subject to the sharp point test of paragraph (d) of this section. (2) Accessible points. (i) An accessible point for a toy or article intended for children 3 years of age or less is one that can be contacted by any portion forward of the collar of the accessibility probe designated as probe A in figure 2 of this section. (ii) An accessible point for a toy or article intended for children over 3 years up to 8 years of age is one that can be contacted by any portion forward of the collar of the accessibility probe designated as probe B in figure 2 of this section. (iii) An accessible point for a toy or article intended for children of ages spanning both age groups is one that can be contacted by any portion forward of the collar of either probe A or B, as shown in figure 2 of this section. (3) Insertion depth for accessibility. (i) For any hole, recess, or opening having a minor dimension (The minor dimension of an opening is the diameter of the largest sphere that will pass through the opening.) smaller than the collar diameter of the appropriate probe, the total insertion depth for accessibility shall be up to the collar on the appropriate probe. Each probe joint may be rotated up to 90 degrees to simulate knuckle movement. (ii) For any hole, recess, or opening having a minor dimension larger than the collar diameter of probe A but less than 7.36 inches (186.9 millimeters), when probe A is used, or a minor dimension larger than the collar diameter of probe B but less than 9.00 inches (228.6 millimeters), when probe B is used, the total insertion depth for accessibility shall be determined by inserting the appropriate probe with the extension shown in figure 2 in any direction up to two and one- quarter times the minor dimension of the probe, recess, or opening, measured from any point in the plane of the opening. Each probe joint may be rotated up to 90 degrees to simulate knuckle movement. (iii) For any hole, recess, or opening having a minor dimension of 7.36 inches (186.9 millimeters) or larger when probe A is used, or a minor di-mension of 9.00 inches (228.6 millimeters), or larger when probe B is used, the total insertion depth for accessibility is unrestricted unless other holes, recesses, or openings within the original hole, recess, or opening are encountered with dimensions specified in paragraph (c)(3) (i) or (ii) of this section. In such instances, the appropriate paragraphs (c)(3) (i) or (ii) of this section shall be followed. If both probes are to be used, a minor dimen-sion that is 7.36 inches (186.9 millimeters or larger shall determine unrestricted access. (4) Inaccessible points. Points shall be considered inaccessible without testing with a probe if they lie adjacent to a surface of the test sample and any gap between the point and the adjacent surface does not exceed 0.020 inch (0.50 millimeter) either before or after the tests of Sec. Sec. 1500.51, 1500.52, and 1500.53 (excluding the bite test-- paragraph (c) of each section) are performed. (d) Sharp point test method--(1) Principle of operation. The principle of operation of the sharp point tester shown in figure 1 of this section is as follows (Detailed engineering drawings for a suggested sharp point tester are available from the Commission's Office of the Secretary.): A rectangular opening measuring 0.040 inch (1.02 millimeters) wide by 0.045 inch (1.15 millimeters) long in the end of the slotted cap establishes two reference dimensions. Depth of penetration of the point being tested determines sharpness. If the point being tested can contact a sensing head that is recessed a distance of 0.015 inch (0.38 millimeter) below the end cap and can move the sensing head a further 0.005 inch (0.12 millimeter) against a 0.5-pound (2.2- newton) force of a return spring, the point shall be identified as [[Page 629]] sharp. A sharp point tester of the general configuration shown in figure 1 of this section or one yielding equivalent results shall identify a sharp point. In conducting tests to determine the presence of sharp points, the Commission will use the sharp point tester shown in figure 1 of this section and the accessibility probes designated as A or B in figure 2 of this section. (2) Procedure. (i) The sample to be tested shall be held in such a manner that it does not move during the test. (ii) Part of the test sample may need to be removed to allow the sharp point testing device to test a point that is accessible by the criteria of paragraph (c) of this section. Such dismantling of the test sample could affect the rigidity of the point in question. The sharp point test shall be performed with the point supported so that its stiffness approximates but is not greater than the point stiffness in the assembled sample. (iii) Using the general configuration shown in figure 1 of this section, the adjustment and operation of the sharp point tester is as follows: Hold the sharp point tester and loosen the lock ring by rotating it so that it moves towards the indicator lamp assembly a sufficient distance to expose the calibration reference marks on the barrel. Rotate the gaging can clockwise until the indicator lamp lights. Rotate the cap counterclockwise until an equivalent of five divisions (the distance between the short lines on the cap) have passed the calibration reference mark. Lock the gaging cap in this position by rotating the lock ring until it fits firmly against the cap. Insert the point into the gaging slot in all directions in which it was accessible by the criteria of paragraph (c) of this section, and apply a force of 1.00 pound (4.45 newtons). A glowing light identifies the point as sharp. (iv) The test instruments used by the Commission in its tests for compliance with this regulation shall have gaging slot opening dimensions no greater than 0.040 inch by 0.045 inch and shall have the sensing head recessed a depth of no less than 0.015 inch. The force applied by the Commission when inserting a point into the gaging slot shall be no more than 1.00 pound. (e) For the purpose of conformance with the technical requirements prescribed by this Sec. 1500.48, the English figures shall be used. The metric approximations are provided in parentheses for convenience and information only. [[Page 630]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.056 Sec. 1500.49 Technical requirements for determining a sharp metal or glass edge in toys and other articles intended for use by children under 8 years of age. (a) Objective. The sharp edge test method prescribed by paragraph (d) of this section will be used by the Commission in making a preliminary determination that metal or glass edges on toys and other articles intended for use by children under 8 years of age, and such edges exposed in normal use or as a result of reasonably forseeable damage or abuse of such toys and articles, present a potential risk of injury by [[Page 631]] laceration or avulsion under section 2(s) of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (15 U.S.C. 1261(s)). The Commission will further evaluate toys and other articles with edges that are identified as presenting a potential risk of laceration or avulsion injury to determine the need for individual product regulation. (b) Scope--(1) General. The sharp edge test of paragraph (d) of this section is applicable to toys or other articles containing metal or glass edges that are introduced into interstate commerce after March 26, 1979. Such articles manufactured outside the United States are introduced into interstate commerce when first brought within as U.S. port of entry. Such articles manufactured in the United States are introduced into interstate commerce (a) at the time of first interstate sale, or (b) at the time of first intrastate sale if one or more components and/or raw materials were received interstate, whichever occurs earlier. (2) Exemptions. (i) Toys and other children's articles that are the subject of any of the following regulations are exempt from this Sec. 1500.49: The regulations for bicycles, non-full-size baby cribs, and full-size baby cribs (parts 1508, 1509, and 1512 of this chapter). (ii) Toys that by reason of their functional purpose necessarily present the hazard of sharp metal or glass edges and that do not have any nonfunctional sharp metal or glass edges are exempt from this section: Provided, the toy is identified by a conspicuous, legible, and visible label at the time of any sale, as having functional sharp metal or glass edges. Examples of these are a pair of toy scissors and toy tool kits. (iii) Articles, besides toys, intended for use by children that by reason of their functional purpose necessarily present the hazard of sharp metal or glass edges and that do not have any non-functional sharp metal or glass edges are exempt from this section. Examples of these are children's ice skates and children's cutlery. (3) Definitions--(i) Glass. For the purpose of this regulation the Commission defines glass as a hard, brittle, amorphous substance produced by fusion, usually consisting of mutually dissolved silica and silicates that also contain soda and lime. (ii) Metal. For the purpose of this regulation the Commission intends the word metal to include both elemental metals and metal alloys. (c) Accessibility--(1) General. Any metal or glass edge that is accessible either before or after the test of Sec. Sec. 1500.51, 1500.52, and 1500.53 (excluding the bite test--paragraph (c) of each section) are performed shall be subject to the sharp edge test of paragraph (d) of this section. Toys reasonably intended to be assembled by an adult and not intended to be taken apart by a child shall be tested only in the assembled state if the shelf package and the assembly instructions prominently indicate that the article is to be assembled only by an adult. (2) Accessible edges. (i) An accessible metal or glass edge for a toy or article intended for children 3 years of age or less is one that can be contacted by any portion forward of the collar of the accessibility probe designated as probe A in Figure 2 of this section. (ii) An accessible edge for a toy or article intended for children over 3 years and up to 8 years of age is one that can be contacted by any portion forward of the collar of the accessibility probe designated as Probe B in Figure 2 of this section. (iii) An accessible edge for a toy or article intended for children of ages spanning both age groups is one that can be contacted by any portion forward of the collar of either Probe A or Probe B, as shown in Figure 2 of this section. (3) Insertion depth. (i) For any hole, recess, or opening having a minor dimension (the minor dimension of an opening is the diameter of the largest sphere that will pass through the opening), smaller than the collar diameter of the appropriate probe, the total insertion depth for accessibility shall be up to the collar on the appropriate probe. Each probe joint may be rotated up to 90 degrees to simulate knuckle movement. (ii) For any hole, recess, or opening having a minor dimension larger than the collar diameter of Probe A, but less than 7.36 inches (186.9 millimeters), [[Page 632]] when Probe A is used, or a minor dimension larger than the collar diameter of Probe B, but less than 9.00 inches (228.6 millimeters), when Probe B is used, the total insertion depth for accessibility shall be determined by inserting the appropriate probe with the extension, shown in Figure 2, in any direction up to 2\1/4\ times the minor dimension of the hole, recess, or opening, measured from any point in the plane of the opening. Each probe joint may be rotated up to 90 degrees to simulate knuckle movement. (iii) For any hole, recess, or opening having a minor dimension of 7.36 inches (186.9 millimeters) or larger when Probe A is used, or a minor dimension of 9.00 inches (228.6 millimeters) or larger when Probe B is used, the total insertion depth for accessibility is unrestricted unless other holes, recesses, or openings within the original hole, recess, or opening are encountered with dimensions specified in paragraph (c)(3) (i) or (ii) of this section. In such instances, the appropriate paragraphs (c)(3) (i) or (ii) of this section shall be followed. If both probes are to be used, a minor dimension that is 7.36 inches (186.9 millimeters or larger shall determine unrestricted access. (4) Inaccessible edges. Metal or glass edges shall be considered inaccessible without testing with a probe if they lie adjacent to a surface of the test sample, and any gap between the edge and the adjacent surface does not exceed 0.020 inch (0.50 millimeter) both before and after the tests of Sec. Sec. 1500.51, 1500.52, and 1500.53 (excluding the bite test--paragraph (c) of each section) are performed. For example, in a lap joint in which a metal edge is overlapped by a parallel surface, any burr or feather-edge on the side closest to the protecting parallel surface is considered inaccessible if the gap between the edge and the parallel surface is no greater than 0.020 inch (0.50 millimeter). As an additional example, when sheet metal has a hemmed edge a portion of the sheet adjacent to the edge is folded back upon itself, approximately 180 degrees, so that it is roughly parallel to the main sheet. Any burrs or feathering on the inside edge, the side closest to the protecting parallel surface of the main sheet, will be considered inaccessible if the gap between the inside edge and the parallel surface does not exceed 0.020 inch (0.50 millimeter). (d) Sharp edge test method--(1) Principle of operation. The test shall be performed with a sharp edge tester which contains a cylindrical mandrel capable of rotation at a constant velocity. (Engineering drawings for a suitable portable sharp edge test instrument are available from the Commission's Office of the Secretary.) The full circumference of the mandrel shall be wrapped with a single layer of polytetrafluoroethylene (TFE) tape as specified in paragraph (e)(3) of this section. The mandrel shall be applied to the edge to be tested with a normal force of 1.35 pounds (6.00 Newtons) such that the edge contacts the approximate center of the width of the tape as shown in Figure 1 of this section. The mandrel shall be rotated through one complete revolution while maintaining the force against the edge constant. Linear motion of the mandrel along the line of the edge shall be prevented. The edge shall be identified as sharp if it completely cuts through the tape for a length of not less than \1/2\ inch (13 millimeters) at any force up to 1.35 pounds (6.00 Newtons). (2) Procedure. (i) The edge of the sample to be tested shall be held in such a manner that it does not move during the test. If the full mandrel force of 1.35 pounds (6.00 Newtons) causes the edge to bend, a reduced mandrel force may be used. (ii) Part of the test sample may need to be removed to allow the sharp edge testing device to test an edge that is accessible by the criteria of paragraph (c) of this section. Such dismantling of the test sample could affect the rigidity of the edge in question. The sharp edge test shall be performed with the edge supported so that its stiffness approximates but is not greater than the edge stiffness in the assembled sample. (iii) Conduct of a sharp edge test is as follows: Wrap one layer of polytetrafluoroethylene (TFE) tape, described in paragraph (e)(3) of this section, around the full circumference of the mandrel in an unstretched state. The ends of [[Page 633]] the tape shall be either butted or overlapped not more than 0.10 inch (2.5 millimeters). Apply the mandrel, at the approximate center of the tape, to the edge of the test sample with a force of 1.35 pounds (6.00 Newtons) measured in a direction at right angles to the mandrel axis. The mandrel shall be placed so that its axis is at 90 degrees 5 degrees to the line of a straight test edge or 90 degrees 5 degrees to a tangent at the point of contact with a curved test edge. The point of contact between the test edge and the mandrel shall be in the approximate center of the width of the tape. The axis of the mandrel may be positioned anywhere in a plane which is at right angles to either the line of a straight test edge or to a tangent at the point of contact with a curved test edge. The operator should seek the orientation most likely to cause the edge to cut the tape. Maintain the force against the edge and rotate the mandrel through one complete revolution while preventing any linear motion of the mandrel along the edge. Release the mandrel from the edge and remove the tape without enlarging any cut or causing any score to become a cut. A cut in the tape with a length of not less than \1/2\ inch (13 millimeters) identifies an edge as sharp. (The test instruments used by the Commission in its test for compliance with the regulation will be calibrated to insure that the force with which the mandrel is applied to a test edge does not exceed 1.35 pounds.) (e) Specifications for sharp edge test equipment. The following specifications shall apply to the equipment to be used in the sharp edge test described in paragraph (d) of this section: (1) The rotation of the mandrel shall produce a constant tangential velocity of 1.000.08 inch per second (25.42.0 millimeters per second) during the center 75 percent of its rotation and shall have a smooth start and stop. (2) The mandrel shall be made of steel. The test surface of the mandrel shall be free of scratches, nicks, or burrs and shall have a surface roughness no greater than 16 microinches (0.40 micron). The test surface shall have a hardness no less than 40 as measured on the Rockwell ``C'' scale, as determined pursuant to ASTM E 18-74 entitled ``Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials,'' published July 1974 and which is incorporated by reference in this regulation. (Copies are available from American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 19103.) The diameter of the mandrel shall be 0.3750.005 inch (9.350.12 millimeters). The mandrel shall be of suitable length to carry out the test. (3) The tape shall be pressure-sensitive polytetrafluoroethylene (TFE) high temperature electrical insulation tape as described in Military Specification MIL-I-23594B (1971) which is incorporated by reference in this regulation. (Copies are available from Naval Publications and Forms Center, 5801 Tabor Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. 19120.) The thickness of the polytetrafluoroethylene backing shall be between 0.0026 inch (0.066 millimeter) and 0.0035 inch (0.089 millimeter). \1\ The adhesive shall be pressure-sensitive silicone polymer with a nominal thickness of 0.003 inch (.08 millimeter). The width of the tape shall not be less than \1/4\ inch (6 millimeters). While conducting sharp edge tests the temperature of the tape shall be maintained between 70 [deg]F (21.1 [deg]C) and 80 [deg]F (26.6 [deg]C). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ The tape that the Commission will use for the sharp edge test is CHR type ``T'' manufactured by The Connecticut Hard Rubber Co., New and East Streets, New Haven, Conn. 06509. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (f) For the purpose of conformance with the technical requirements prescribed by this Sec. 1500.49, the English figures shall be used. The metric approximations are provided in parentheses for convenience and information only. [[Page 634]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.057 [[Page 635]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.058 (Secs. 2(s), 10(a), 74 Stat. 378 (15 U.S.C. 1261, 1269)) [43 FR 12645, Mar. 24, 1978, as amended at 43 FR 21324, May 17, 1978] Sec. 1500.50 Test methods for simulating use and abuse of toys and other articles intended for use by children. (a) Objective. The objective of Sec. Sec. 1500.51, 1500.52, and 1500.53 is to describe specific test methods for simulating normal use of toys and other articles intended for use by children as well as the reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse to which the articles may be subjected. The test methods are for use in exposing potential hazards that would result from the normal use or the reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse of such articles intended for children. (b) Application--general. (1)(i) The test methods described in Sec. Sec. 1500.51, 1500.52 and 1500.53 are to be used in determining what is normal use and reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse when specifically referenced under Sec. 1500.18. Other banning regulations may also reference these use and abuse toy test procedures. (ii) The test methods described in Sec. Sec. 1500.51, 1500.52, and 1500.53 have been established for articles intended for the specified age groups of children: 18 months of age or less, over 18 months but not over 36 months of age, and over 36 months but not over 96 months of [[Page 636]] age. If an article is marked, labeled, advertised, or otherwise intended for children of ages spanning more than one of these age groups, the article will be subjected to the tests providing the most stringent requirements. If an article is not age-labeled in a clear and conspicuous manner or, based on such factors as marketing practices and the customary patterns of usage of a product by children, is inappropriately age-labeled, and is intended or appropriate for children 96 months of age or less, it will also be subjected to the most stringent test requirements. (2) For purposes of compliance with the test methods prescribed in Sec. Sec. 1500.51, 1500.52, and 1500.53, the English system shall be used. The metric approximations are provided in parentheses for convenience and information only. (3) Each of the test methods described in Sec. Sec. 1500.51, 1500.52, and 1500.53 shall be applied to a previously untested sample except the tension test which shall be conducted with the test sample used in the torque test. (4) Prior to testing, each sample shall be subjected to a temperature of 73[deg]3 [deg]F. (23[deg]2 [deg]C.) as a relative humidity of 20-70 percent for a period of at least 4 hours. The toy testing shall commence within five minutes after the toy has been removed from the preconditioning atmosphere. (5) Toys reasonably intended to be assembled by an adult and not intended to be taken apart by a child shall be tested only in the assembled state if the shelf package and the assembly instructions prominently indicate that the article is to be assembled only by an adult. (6) Toys intended to be repeatedly assembled and taken apart shall have the individual pieces as well as the completed article subjected to these test procedures. (7) In situations where a test procedure may be applied in more than one way to a toy test component, the point (or direction) of force (or torque) application which results in the most severe conditions shall be used. (c) Definitions. As used in this section and in Sec. Sec. 1500.51, 1500.52, and 1500.53: (1) Toy means any toy, game, or other article designed, labeled, advertised, or otherwise intended for use by children. (2) Mouth toy means any toy reasonably intended to be placed into or in contact with a child's mouth. [40 FR 1483, Jan. 7, 1975; 40 FR 16191, Apr. 10, 1975] Sec. 1500.51 Test methods for simulating use and abuse of toys and other articles intended for use by children 18 months of age or less. (a) Application. The test methods described in this section shall be used to simulate the normal and reasonably foreseeable use, damage, or abuse of toys and other articles intended for use by children 18 months of age or less in conjunction with Sec. 1500.18. (b) Impact test--(1) Application. Except as provided in paragraph (b)(4) of this section, toys having a weight of less than 3.0 pounds 0.01 pound (1.4 kilograms) shall be subject to this test. (2) Impact medium. The impact medium shall consist of a \1/8\-inch (0.3-centimeter) nominal thickness of type IV vinyl-composition tile, composition 1--asbestos free, as specified by paragraphs 1.2 and 3.1.4 of Interim Amendment-1(YD), dated November 14, 1979, to the Federal Specification entitled Tile, Floor: Asphalt, Rubber, Vinyl, Vinyl- Asbestos, SS-T-312B, dated October 10, 1974, \1\ over at least a 2.5- inch (6.4-centimeter) thickness of concrete. The impact area shall be at least 3 square feet (0.3 square meter). The Commission recognizes that this specified impact medium is the equivalent of, and will yield the same impact test results as, a surface covered with vinyl-asbestos tile meeting the requirements of Federal Specification SS-T-312A. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ These documents may be ordered from the General Services Administration, Specifications Unit, Room 6654, 7th and D Streets, S.W., Washington, DC 20407. The price of the specification and amendment is $1.00. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (3) Testing procedure. Except as provided in paragraphs (b)(4) (i) and (ii) of this section, the toy shall be dropped 10 times from a height of 4.5 feet 0.5 inch (1.37 meters) onto the impact medium described in paragraph (b)(2) of this section. The toy shall be dropped in random orientation. After each drop, [[Page 637]] the test sample shall be allowed to come to rest and shall be examined and evaluated before continuing. (4) Large and bulky toys. (i) A toy that has a projected base area of 400 or more square inches (2,560 or more square centimeters), shall be tested for impact in accordance with paragraph (b)(4)(iii) of this section. The base area for toys with permanently attached legs shall be measured by calculating the area enclosed by straight lines connecting the outermost edge of each leg of the perimeter. (ii) A toy that has a volume of more than 3 cubic feet (0.085 cubic meter), calculated by the major dimensions without regard to minor appendages, shall be tested for impact in accordance with paragraph (b)(4)(iii) of this section. (iii) The toys described in paragraph (b)(4)(i) and (ii) of this section shall be tested for impact by tipping them over three times by pushing the samples slowly past their centers of balance onto the impact medium described in paragraph (b)(2) of this section. (c) Bite test--(1) Application. A toy (or component or any accessible portion thereof) that has an external dimension of 1.25 inches 0.05 inch (3.18 centimeters) or less and a design configuration that would permit a child to insert a portion into the mouth in any orientation up to a biting thickness of 1.25 inches 0.05 inch (3.18 centimeters), for a penetration of at least 0.25 inch (0.635 centimeter), shall be subject to this test. (2) Test equipment--(i) Contact mechanism. The contact mechanism shall be two metal strips or plates each measuring 0.25 inch 0.002 inch (0.635 centimeter) high and each having a contact edge radius of 0.020 inch 0.002 inch (0.05 centimeter), for at least a 150-degree cross-sectional arc. A suggested contact mechanism appears in figure 1 of this section. (ii) Loading device. The loading device shall be a scale or force gauge having an accuracy of 0.5 pound (225 grams). (3) Testing procedure. The test article shall be placed in the contact mechanism in any reasonable position for a penetration of 0.25 to 0.5 inch (0.64 to 1.27 centimeters), which position utilizes less than 180 degrees of the arc of the contact mechanism, and a test load increasing to 25 pounds 0.5 pound (11.35 kilograms) shall be evenly applied within 5 seconds. This load shall be maintained for an additional 10 seconds. (d) Flexure test--(1) Application. This test shall be applied to each component of a toy containing metal wire(s), or other metal material(s), for stiffening or for retention of form if the component can be bent through a 60-degree arc by a maximum force of 10 pounds 0.5 pound (4.55 kilograms), applied perpendicularly to the major axis of the component at a point 2 inches (5 centimeters) from the intersection of the component with the main body of the toy or at the end of the component if the component is less than 2 inches 0.05 inch (5 centimeters) long. (2) Testing procedure. The toy shall be secured in a vise equipped with vise shields that are fabricated from 13-gauge cold-rolled steel or other similar material and that have a 0.375-inch (0.95-centimeter) inside radius. The component shall then be bent through a 60-degree arc by a force applied at a point on the component 2 inches 0.05 inch (5 centimeters) from the intersection of the component with the main body of the toy or applied at the end of the component if the component is less than 2 inches (5 centimeters) long. The component shall then be bent in the reverse direction through a 120- degree arc. This process shall be repeated for 30 cycles at a rate of one cycle per two seconds with a 60-second rest period occurring after each 10 cycles. Two 120-degree arc bends shall constitute one cycle. (e) Torque test--(1) Application--(i) General. A toy with a projection, part, or assembly that a child can grasp with at least the thumb and forefinger or the teeth shall be subject to this test. (ii) Toys with rotating components. Projections, parts, or assemblies that are rigidly mounted on an accessible rod or shaft designed to rotate along with the projections, parts, or assemblies shall be tested with the rod or shaft clamped to prevent rotation. (2) Test equipment--(i) Loading device. The loading device shall be a torque gauge, torque wrench, or other appropriate device having an accuracy of 0.2 [[Page 638]] inch-pound (0.23 kilogram-centimeter). (ii) Clamp. The clamp shall be capable of holding the test component firmly and transmitting a torsional force. (3) Testing procedure. With the toy rigidly fastened in any reasonable test position, the clamp is fastened to the test object or component. A torque of 2 inch-pounds 0.2 inch- pound (2.30 kilogram-centimeters) shall be applied evenly within a period of 5 seconds in a clockwise direction until a rotation of 180 degrees from the original position has been attained or 2 inch-pounds (2.30 kilogram-centimeters) exceeded. The torque or maximum rotation shall be maintained for an additional 10 seconds. The torque shall then be removed and the test component permitted to return to a relaxed condition. This procedure shall then be repeated in a counterclockwise direction. (f) Tension test--(1) Application--(i) General. Any projection of a toy that the child can grasp with at least the thumb and forefinger or the teeth shall be subject to this test. This test is to be conducted on the same toy that has been subjected to the torque test described in paragraph (e) of this section. (ii) Stuffed toys and beanbags. A stuffed toy or beanbag constructed of pliable materials having seams (such as fabrics) shall have the seams subjected to 10 pounds 0.5 pound (4.55 kilograms) of force applied in any direction. (2) Test equipment--(i) Clamps. One clamp capable of applying a tension load to the test component is required. A second clamp suitable for applying a tension load perpendicularly to the major axis of the test component is also required. (ii) Loading device. The loading device is to be a self-indicating gauge or other appropriate means having an accuracy of 0.5 pound (225 grams). (3) Testing procedure. With the test sample fastened in a convenient position, an appropriate clamp shall be attached to the test object or component. A 10-pound 0.5 pound (4.55-kilogram) direct force shall be evenly applied, within a period of 5 seconds, parallel to the major axis of the test component and maintained for an additional 10 seconds. The tension clamp shall then be removed and a second clamp appropriate for pulling at 90 degrees shall be attached to the test object or component. A 10-pound 0.5 pound (4.55-kilogram) tensile force shall be evenly applied, within a period of 5 seconds, perpendicularly to the major axis of the test component and maintained for an additional 10 seconds. (g) Compression test--(1) Application. Any area on the surface of a toy that is accessible to a child and inaccessible to flat-surface contact during the impact test shall be subject to this test. (2) Test apparatus. The loading device shall be a rigid metal disc 1.125 inches 0.015 inch (2.86 centimeters) in diameter and 0.375 inch (0.95 centimeter) in thickness. The perimeter of the disc shall be rounded to a radius of \1/32\ inch (0.08 centimeter) to eliminate irregular edges. The disc shall be attached to an appropriate compression scale having an accuracy of 0.5 pound (225 grams). (3) Testing procedure. The disc shall be positioned so that the contact surface is parallel to the surface under test. A direct force of 20 pounds 0.5 pound (9.1 kilograms) shall be evenly applied within 5 seconds through the disc. This load shall be maintained for an additional 10 seconds. During the test the toy is to rest on a flat, hard surface in any convenient position. [[Page 639]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.059 [40 FR 1484, Jan. 7, 1975; 40 FR 6210, Feb. 10, 1975; 40 FR 16192, Apr. 10, 1975; 40 FR 17746, Apr. 22, 1975, as amended at 55 FR 52040, Dec. 19, 1990; 56 FR 9, Jan. 2, 1991; 56 FR 558, Jan. 7, 1991] Sec. 1500.52 Test methods for simulating use and abuse of toys and other articles intended for use by children over 18 but not over 36 months of age. (a) Application. The test methods described in this section, shall be used to simulate the normal and reasonably foreseeable use, damage, or abuse of toys and other articles intended for use by children over 18 but not over 36 months of age in conjunction with Sec. 1500.18. (b) Impact test--(1) Application. Except as provided in paragraph (b)(4) of this section, toys having a weight of less than 4.0 pounds 0.01 pound (1.8 kilograms) shall be subject to this test. [[Page 640]] (2) Impact medium. The impact medium shall consist of a \1/8\-inch (0.3-centimeter) nominal thickness of type IV vinyl-composition tile, composition 1--asbestos free, as specified by paragraphs 1.2 and 3.1.4 of Interim Amendment-1(YD), dated November 14, 1979, to the Federal Specification entitled Tile, Floor: Asphalt, Rubber, Vinyl, Vinyl- Asbestos, SS-T-312B, dated October 10, 1974, \1\ over at least a 2.5- inch (6.4-centimeter) thickness of concrete. The impact area shall be at least 3 square feet (0.3 square meter). The Commission recognizes that this specified impact medium is the equivalent of, and will yield the same impact test results as, a surface covered with vinyl-asbestos tile meeting the requirements of Federal Specification SS-T-312A. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ See footnote 1 to Sec. 1500.51. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (3) Testing procedure. Except as provided in paragraph (b)(4) (i) and (ii) of this section, the toy shall be dropped four times from a height of 3 feet 0.5 inch (0.92 meter) onto the impact medium described in paragraph (b)(2) of this section. The toy shall be dropped in random orientation. After each drop, the test sample shall be allowed to come to rest and shall be examined and evaluated before continuing. (4) Large and bulky toys. (i) A toy that has a projected base area of 400 or more square inches (2,560 or more square centimeters) shall be tested for impact in accordance with paragraph (b)(4)(iii) of this section. The base area for toys with permanently attached legs shall be measured by calculating the area enclosed by straight lines connecting the outermost edge of each leg of the perimeter. (ii) A toy that has a volume of more than 3 cubic feet (0.085 cubic meter), calculated by the major dimensions without regard to minor appendages, shall be tested for impact in accordance with paragraph (b)(4)(iii) of this section. (iii) The toys described in paragraph (b)(4) (i) and (ii) of this section shall be tested for impact by tipping them over three times by pushing the samples slowly past their centers of balance onto the impact medium described in paragraph (b)(2) of this section. (c) Bite test--(1) Application. A toy (or component or any accessible portion thereof) that has an external dimension of 1.25 inches 0.05 inch (3.18 centimeters) or less and a design configuration that would permit a child to insert a portion into the mouth in any orientation up to a biting thickness of 1.25 inches 0.05 inches (3.18 centimeters), for a penetration of at least 0.25 inch (0.635 centimeter), shall be subject to this test. (2) Test equipment--(i) Contact mechanism. The contact mechanism shall be two metal strips or plates each measuring 0.25 inch 0.002 inch (0.635 centimeter) high and each having a contact edge radius of 0.020 inch 0.002 inch (0.05 centimeter) for at least a 150-degree cross-sectional arc. A suggested contact mechanism appears in figure 1 of Sec. 1500.51. (ii) Loading device. The loading device shall be a scale or force gauge having an accuracy of 0.5 pound (225 grams). (3) Testing procedure. The test article shall be placed in the contact mechanism in any reasonable position for a penetration of 0.25 to 0.5 inch (0.64 to 1.27 centimeters), which position utilizes less than 180 degrees of the arc of the contact mechanism, and a test load increasing to 50 pounds 0.5 pound (22.74 kilograms) shall be evenly applied within 5 seconds. This load shall be maintained for an additional 10 seconds. (d) Flexure test--(1) Application. This test shall be applied to each component of a toy containing metal wire(s), or other metal material(s), for stiffening or for retention of form if the component can be bent through a 60-degree arc by a maximum force of 15 pounds 0.5 pound (6.80 kilograms) applied perpendicularly to the major axis of the component at a point 2 inches 0.05 inch (5 centimeters) from the intersection of the component with the main body of the toy or at the end of the component if the component is less than 2 inches 0.05 inch (5 centimeters) long. (2) Testing procedure. The toy shall be secured in a vise equipped with vise shields that are fabricated from 13-gauge cold-rolled steel or other similar material and that have a 0.375-inch (0.95-centimeter) inside radius. The [[Page 641]] component shall then be bent through a 60-degree arc by a force applied at a point on the component 2 inches 0.05 inch (5 centimeters) from the intersection of the component with the main body of the toy or applied at the end of the component if the component is less than 2 inches (5 centimeters) long. The component shall then be bent in the reverse direction through a 120-degree arc. This process shall be repeated for 30 cycles at a rate of one cycle per two seconds with a 60-second rest period occurring after each 10 cycles. Two 120- degree arc bends shall constitute one cycle. (e) Torque test--(1) Application--(i) General. A toy with a projection, part, or assembly that a child can grasp with at least the thumb and forefinger or the teeth shall be subject to this test. (ii) Toys with rotating components. Projections, parts, or assemblies that are rigidly mounted on an accessible rod or shaft designed to rotate along with the projections, parts, or assemblies shall be tested with the rod or shaft clamped to prevent rotation. (2) Test equipment--(i) Loading device. The loading device shall be a torque gauge, torque wrench, or other appropriate device having an accuracy of 0.2 inch-pound (0.23 kilogram-centimeter). (ii) Clamp. The clamp shall be capable of holding the test component firmly and transmitting a torsional force. (3) Testing procedure. With the toy rigidly fastened in any reasonable test position, the clamp is fastened to the test object or component. A torque of 3 inch-pounds 0.2 inch- pound (3.46 kilogram-centimeters) shall be applied evenly within a period of 5 seconds in a clockwise direction until a rotation of 180 degrees from the original position has been attained or 3 inch-pounds 0.2 inch-pound (3.46 kilogram-centimeters) exceeded. The torque or maximum rotation shall be maintained for an additional 10 seconds. The torque shall then be removed and the test component permitted to return to a relaxed condition. This procedure shall then be repeated in a counterclockwise direction. (f) Tension test--(1) Application--(i) General. Any projection of a toy that the child can grasp with at least the thumb and forefinger or the teeth shall be subject to this test. This test is to be conducted on the same toy that has been subjected to the torque test described in paragraph (e) of this section. (ii) Stuffed toys and beanbags. A stuffed toy or beanbag constructed of pliable materials having seams (such as fabrics) shall have the seams subjected to 15 pounds 0.5 pound (6.80 kilograms) of force applied in any direction. (2) Test equipment--(i) Clamps. One clamp capable of applying a tension load to the test component is required. A second clamp suitable for applying a tension load perpendicularly to the major axis of the test component is also required. (ii) Loading device. The loading device is to be a self-indicating gauge or other appropriate means having an accuracy of 0.5 pound (255 grams). (3) Testing procedure. With the test sample fastened in a convenient position, an appropriate clamp shall be attached to the test object or component. A 15-pound 0.5 pound (6.80-kilogram) direct force shall be evenly applied, within a period of 5 seconds, parallel to the major axis of the test component and maintained for an additional 10 seconds. The tension clamp shall then be removed and a second clamp appropriate for pulling at 90 degrees shall be attached to the test object or component. A 15-pound 0.5 pound (6.80-kilogram) tensile force shall be evenly applied, within a period of 5 seconds, perpendicularly to the major axis of the test component and maintained for an additional 10 seconds. (g) Compression test--(1) Application. Any area on the surface of a toy that is accessible to a child and inaccessible to flat-surface contact during the impact test shall be subject to this test. (2) Test apparatus. The loading device shall be a rigid metal disc 1.125 inches 0.015 inch (2.86 centimeters) in diameter and 0.375 inch (0.95 centimeter) in thickness. The perimeter of the disc shall be rounded to a radius of \1/32\ inch (0.08 centimeter) to eliminate irregular edges. The disc shall be attached to an appropriate compression scale having an accurancy of 0.5 pound (225 grams). (3) Testing procedure. The disc shall be positioned so that the contact surface [[Page 642]] is parallel to the surface under test. A direct force of 25 pounds 0.5 pound (11.4 kilograms) shall be evenly applied within 5 seconds through the disc. This load shall be maintained for an additional 10 seconds. During the test the toy is to rest on a flat, hard surface in any convenient position. [40 FR 1485, Jan. 7, 1975; 40 FR 6210, Feb. 10, 1975; 40 FR 16192, Apr. 10, 1975, as amended at 56 FR 10, Jan. 2, 1991] Sec. 1500.53 Test methods for simulating use and abuse of toys and other articles intended for use by children over 36 but not over 96 months of age. (a) Application. The test methods described in this section shall be used to simulate the normal and reasonably foreseeable use, damage, or abuse of toys and other articles intended for use by children over 36 but not over 96 months of age in conjunction with Sec. 1500.18. (b) Impact test--(1) Application. Except as provided in paragraph (b)(4) of this section, toys having a weight of less than 10.0 pounds 0.01 pound (4.6 kilograms) shall be subject to this test. (2) Impact medium. The impact medium shall consist of a \1/8\-inch (0.3-centimeter) nominal thickness of type IV vinyl-composition tile, composition 1--asbestos free, as specified by paragraphs 1.2 and 3.1.4 of Interim Amendment-1(YD), dated November 14, 1979, to the Federal Specification entitled Tile, Floor: Asphalt, Rubber, Vinyl, Vinyl- Asbestos, SS-T-312B, dated October 10, 1974, \1\ over at least a 2.5- inch (6.4-centimeter) thickness of concrete. The impact area shall be at least 3 square feet (0.3 square meter). The Commission recognizes that this specified impact medium is the equivalent of, and will yield the same impact test results as, a surface covered with vinyl-asbestos tile meeting the requirements of Federal Specification SS-T-312A. (3) Testing procedure. except as provided in paragraph (b)(4) (i) and (ii) of this section, the toy shall be dropped four times from a height of 3 feet 0.5 inch (0.92 meter) onto the impact medium described in paragraph (b)(2) of this section. The toy shall be dropped in random orientation. After each drop, the test sample shall be allowed to come to rest and shall be examined and evaluated before continuing. (4) Large and bulky toys. (i) A toy that has a projected base area of 400 or more square inches (2,560 or more square centimeters) shall be tested for impact in accordance with paragraph (b)(4)(iii) of this subsection. The base area for toys having permanently attached legs shall be measured by calculating the area enclosed by straight lines connecting the outermost edge of each leg of the perimeter. (ii) A toy that has a volume of more than 3 cubic feet (0.085 cubic meter), calculated by the major dimensions without regard to minor appendages, shall be tested for impact in accordance with paragraph (b)(4)(iii) of this section. (iii) The toys described in paragraph (b)(4) (i) and (ii) of this section shall be tested for impact by tipping them over three times by pushing the samples slowly past their centers of balance onto the impact medium described in paragraph (b)(2) of this section. (c) Bite test--(1) Application. A toy (or component) that is a mouth toy shall be subject to this test. (2) Test equipment--(i) Contact mechanism. The contact mechanism shall be two metal strips or plates each measuring 0.25 inch 0.002 inch (0.635 centimeter) high and each having a contact edge radius of 0.020 inch 0.002 inch (0.5 centimeter) for at least a 150-degree cross-sectional arc. A suggested contact mechanism appears in figure 1 of Sec. 1500.51. (ii) Loading device. The loading device shall be a scale or force gauge having an accuracy of 0.5 pound (225 grams). (3) Testing procedure. The test article shall be placed in the contact mechanism in any reasonable position for a penetration of 0.25 to 0.5 inch (0.64 to 1.27 centimeters), which position utilizes less than 180 degrees of the arc of the contract mechanism, and a test load increasing to 100 pounds 0.5 pound (45.50 kilograms) shall be evenly applied within 5 seconds. This load shall be maintained for an additional 10 seconds. (d) Flexure test--(1) Application. This test shall be applied to each component of a toy containing metal wire(s), or [[Page 643]] other metal material(s), for stiffening or for retention of form if the component can be bent through a 60-degree arc by a maximum force of 15 pounds 0.5 pound (6.80 kilograms) applied perpendicularly to the major axis of the component at a point 2 inches 0.05 inch (5 centimeters) from the intersection of the component with the main body of the toy or at the end of the component if the component is less than 2 inches 0.05 inch (5 centimeters) long. (2) Testing procedure. The toy shall be secured in a vise equipped with vise shields that are fabricated from 13-gauge cold-rolled steel or other similar material and that have a 0.375-inch (0.95-centimeter) inside radius. The component shall then be bent through a 60-degree arc by a force applied at a point on the component 2 inches (5 centimeters) from the intersection of the component with the main body of the toy or applied at the end of the component if the component is less than 2 inches (5 centimeters) long. The component shall then be bent in the reverse direction through a 120-degree arc. This process shall be repeated for 30 cycles at a rate of one cycle per two seconds with a 60- second rest period occurring after each 10 cycles. Two 120-degree arc bends shall constitute one cycle. (e) Torque test--(1) Application--(i) General. A toy with a projection, part, or assembly that a child can grasp with at least the thumb and forefinger or the teeth shall be subject to this test. (ii) Toys with rotating components. Projections, parts, or assemblies that are rigidly mounted on an accessible rod or shaft designed to rotate along with the projections, parts, or assemblies shall be tested with the rod or shaft clamped to prevent rotation. (2) Test equipment--(i) Loading device. The loading device shall be a torque gauge, torque wrench, or other appropriate device having an accuracy of 0.2 inch-pound (0.23 kilogram-centimeter). (ii) Clamp. The clamp shall be capable of holding the test component firmly and transmitting a torsional force. (3) Testing procedure. With the toy rigidly fastened in any reasonable test position, the clamp is fastened to the test object or component. A torque of 4 inch-pounds 0.2 inch- pound (4.60 kilogram-centimeters) shall be applied evenly within a period of 5 seconds in a clockwise direction until a rotation of 180 degrees from the original position has been attained or 4 inch-pounds 0.2 inch-pound (4.60 kilogram-centimeters) exceeded. The torque or maximum rotation shall be maintained for an additional 10 seconds. The torque shall then be removed and the test component permitted to return to a relaxed condition. This procedure shall then be repeated in a counterclockwise direction. (f) Tension test--(1) Application--(i) General. Any projection of a toy that the child can grasp with at least the thumb and forefinger or the teeth shall be subject to this test. This test is to be conducted on the same toy that has been subjected to the torque test described in paragraph (e) of this section. (ii) Stuffed toys and beanbags. A stuffed toy or beanbag constructed of pliable materials having seams (such as fabrics) shall have the seams subjected to 15 pounds 0.5 pound (6.80 kilograms) of force applied in any direction. (2) Test equipment--(i) Clamps. One clamp capable of applying a tension load to the test component is required. A second clamp suitable for applying a tension load perpendicularly to the major axis of the test component is also required. (ii) Loading device. The loading device is to be a self-indicating gauge or other appropriate means having an accuracy of 0.5 pound (225 grams). (3) Testing procedure. With the test sample fastened in a convenient position, and appropriate clamp shall be attached to the test object or component. A 15-pound 0.5 pound (6.80-kilogram) direct force shall be evenly applied, within a period of 5 seconds, parallel to the major axis of the test component and maintained for an additional 10 seconds. The tension clamp shall then be removed and a second clamp appropriate for pulling at 90 degrees shall be attached to the test object or component. A 15-pound 0.5 pound (6.80-kilogram) tensile force shall be evenly applied, within a period of 5 seconds, perpendicularly to the major axis of the [[Page 644]] test component and maintained for an additional 10 seconds. (g) Compression test--(1) Application. Any area on the surface of a toy that is accessible to a child and inaccessible to flat-surface contact during the impact test shall be subject to this test. (2) Test apparatus. The loading device shall be a rigid metal disc 1.125 inches 0.015 inch (2.86 centimeters) in diameter and 0.375 inch (0.95 centimeter) in thickness. The perimeter of the disc shall be rounded to a radius of \1/32\ inch (0.08 centimeter) to eliminate irregular edges. The disc shall be attached to an appropriate compression scale having an accuracy of 0.5 pound (225 grams). (3) Testing procedure. The disc shall be positioned so that the contact surface is parallel to the surface under test. A direct force of 30 pounds 0.5 pound (13.6 kilograms) shall be evenly applied within 5 seconds through the disc. This load shall be maintained for an additional 10 seconds. During the test the toy is to rest on a flat, hard surface in any convenient position. [40 FR 1486, Jan. 7, 1975; 40 FR 16192, Apr. 10, 1975, as amended at 56 FR 10, Jan. 2, 1991] Sec. 1500.81 Exemptions for food, drugs, cosmetics, and fuels. (a) Food, drugs, and cosmetics. Substances subject to the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act are exempted by section 2(f)(2) of the act; but where a food, drug, or cosmetic offers a substantial risk of injury or illness from any handling or use that is customary or usual it may be regarded as misbranded under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act because its label fails to reveal material facts with respect to consequences that may result from use of the article (21 U.S.C. 321(n)) when its label fails to bear information to alert the householder to this hazard. (b) Fuels. A substance intended to be used as a fuel is exempt from the requirements of the act when in containers that are intended to be or are installed as part of the heating, cooling, or refrigeration system of a house. A portable container used for delivery or temporary or additional storage, and containing a substance that is a hazardous substance as defined in section 2(f) of the act, is not exempt from the labeling prescribed in section 2(p) of the act, even though it contains a fuel to be used in the heating, cooking, or refrigeration system of a house. Sec. 1500.82 Exemption from full labeling and other requirements. (a) Any person who believes a particular hazardous substance intended or packaged in a form suitable for use in the household or by children should be exempted from full label compliance otherwise applicable under the act, because of the size of the package or because of the minor hazard presented by the substance, or for other good and sufficient reason, may submit to the Commission a request for exemption under section 3(c) of the act, presenting facts in support of the view that full compliance is impracticable or is not necessary for the protection of the public health. The Commission shall determine on the basis of the facts submitted and all other available information whether the requested exemption is consistent with adequate protection of the public health and safety. If the Commission so finds, it shall detail the exemption granted and the reasons therefor by an appropriate order published in the Federal Register. (b) The Commission may on its own initiative determine on the basis of facts available to it that a particular hazardous substance intended or packaged in a form suitable for use in the household or by children should be exempted from full labeling compliance otherwise applicable under the act because of the size of the package or because of the minor hazard presented by the substance or for other good and sufficient reason. If the Commission so finds, it shall detail the exemption granted and the reasons therefor by an appropriate order in the Federal Register. (c) Any person who believes a particular article should be exempted from being classified as a ``banned hazardous substance'' as defined by section 2(q)(1)(A) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(15)(i)(A)), because its functional purpose requires inclusion of a hazardous substance, it bears labeling giving adequate directions and warnings for safe use, and it is intended for use by children who have attained sufficient maturity, and may reasonably [[Page 645]] be expected, to read and heed such directions and warnings, may submit to the Commission a request for exemption under section 2(q)(1)(B)(i) of the act (repeated in proviso (1) under Sec. 1500.3(b)(15(i)), presenting facts in support of his contention. The commission shall determine on the basis of the facts submitted, and all other available information, whether the requested exemption is consistent with the purposes of the act. If the Commission so finds, it shall detail the exemption granted and the reasons therefor by an appropriate order in the Federal Register. (d) On its own initiative, the Commission may determine on the basis of available facts that a particular banned hazardous substance should be exempted from section 2(q)(1)(A) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(15)(i)(A)), because its functional purpose requires inclusion of a hazardous substance, it bears labeling giving adequate directions and warnings for safe use, and it is intended for use by children who have obtained sufficient maturity, and may reasonably be expected, to read and heed such directions and warnings. If the Commission so finds, it shall detail the exemption granted and the reasons therefor by an appropriate order in the Federal Register. Sec. 1500.83 Exemptions for small packages, minor hazards, and special circumstances. (a) The following exemptions are granted for the labeling of hazardous substances under the provisions of Sec. 1500.82: (1) When the sole hazard from a substance in a self-pressurized container is that it generates pressure or when the sole hazard from a substance is that it is flammable or extremely flammable, the name of the component which contributes the hazards need not be stated. (2) Common matches, including book matches, wooden matches, and so- called ``safety'' matches are exempt from the labeling requirements of section 2(p)(1) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)(i)) insofar as they apply to the product being considered hazardous because of being an ``extremely flammable solid'' or ``flammable solid'' as defined in Sec. 1500.3(c)(6)(v) and (vi). (3) Paper items such as newspapers, wrapping papers, toilet and cleansing tissues, and paper writing supplies are exempt from the labeling requirements of section 2(p)(1) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)(i)) insofar as they apply to the products being considered hazardous because of being an ``extremely flammable solid'' or ``flammable solid'' as defined in Sec. 1500.3(c)(6)(v) and (vi). (4) Thread, string, twine, rope, cord, and similar materials are exempt from the labeling requirements of section 2(p)(1) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)(i)) insofar as they apply to the products being considered hazardous because of being an ``extremely flammable solid'' or ``flammable solid'' as defined in Sec. 1500.3(c)(6)(v) and (vi). (5) Laboratory chemicals intended only for research or investigational and other laboratory uses (except those in home chemistry sets) are exempt from the requirements of placement provided in Sec. 1500.121 if all information required by that section and the act appears with the required prominence on the label panel adjacent to the main panel. (6) [Reserved] (7) Rigid or semirigid ballpoint ink cartridges are exempt from the labeling requirements of section 2(p)(1) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)(i)), insofar as such requirements would be necessary because the ink contained therein is a ``toxic'' substance as defined in Sec. 1500.3(c)(2)(i), if: (i) The ballpoint ink cartridge is of such construction that the ink will, under any reasonably foreseeable conditions of manipulation or use, emerge only from the ballpoint end; (ii) When tested by the method described in Sec. 1500.3(c)(2)(i), the ink does not have an LD-50 single oral dose of less than 500 milligrams per kilogram of body weight of the test animal; and (iii) The cartridge does not have a capacity of more than 2 grams of ink. (8) Containers of paste shoe waxes, paste auto waxes, and paste furniture and floor waxes containing toluene (also known as toluol), xylene (also known as xylol), petroleum distillates, and/or turpentine in the concentrations described in Sec. 1500.14(a)(3) and (5) are exempt from the labeling requirements [[Page 646]] of Sec. 1500.14(b)(3)(ii) and (5) if the visicosity of such products is sufficiently high so that they will not flow from their opened containers when inverted for 5 minutes at a temperature of 80 [deg]F., and are exempt from bearing a flammability warning statement if the flammability of such waxes is due solely to the presence of solvents that have flashpoints above 80 [deg]F. when tested by the method described in Sec. 1500.43. (9) Porous-tip ink-marking devices are exempt from the labeling requirements of section 2(p)(1) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)(i)) and from the labeling requirements of Sec. 1500.14(b)(1), (2), and (3)(ii) and (iii) insofar as such requirements would be necessary because the ink contained therein is a toxic substance as defined in Sec. 1500.3(c)(2)(i), and/or because the ink contains 10 percent or more by weight of toluene (also known as toluol), xylene (also known as xylol), or petroleum distillates as defined in Sec. 1500.14(a)(3), and/or because the ink contains 10 percent or more by weight of ethylene glycol; provided that: (i) The porous-tip ink-marking devices are of such construction that: (A) The ink is held within the device by an absorbent material so that no free liquid is within the device; and (B) Under any reasonably foreseeable conditions of manipulation and use, including reasonably foreseeable abuse by children, the ink will emerge only through the porous writing nib of the device; and (ii)(A) The device has a capacity of not more than 10 grams of ink and the ink, when tested by methods described in Sec. 1500.3(c)(2)(i), has an LD-50 single oral dose of not less than 2.5 grams per kilogram of body weight of the test animal; or (B) The device has a capacity of not more than 12 grams of ink and the ink, when tested by methods described in Sec. 1500.3(c)(2)(i), has an LD-50 single oral dose of not less than 3.0 grams per kilogram of body weight of the test animal. (10) Viscous nitrocellulose-base adhesives containing more than 4 percent methyl alcohol by weight are exempt from the label statement ``Cannot be be made nonpoisonous'' required by Sec. 1500.14(b)(4) if: (i) The total amount of methyl alcohol by weight in the product does not exceed 15 percent; and (ii) The contents of any container does not exceed 2 fluid ounces. (11) Packages containing polishing or cleaning products which consist of a carrier of solid particulate or fibrous composition and which contain toluene (also known as toluol), xylene (also known as xylol), or petroleum distillates in the concentrations described in Sec. 1500.14(a) (1) and (2) are exempt from the labeling requirements of Sec. 1500.14(b)(3)(ii) if such toluene, xylene, or petroleum distillate is fully absorbed by the solid, semisolid, or fibrous carrier and cannot be expressed therefrom with any reasonably foreseeable conditions of manipulation. (12) Containers of dry ink intended to be used as a liquid ink after the addition of water are exempt from the labeling requirements of section 2(p)(1) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)(i)) and from the labeling requirements of Sec. 1500.14(b) (1) and (2) insofar as such requirements would be necessary because the dried ink contained therein is a toxic substance as defined in Sec. 1500.3(c)(2)(i) and/or because the ink contains 10 percent or more of ethylene glycol as defined in Sec. 1500.14(a)(2); provided that: (i) When tested by the method described in Sec. 1500.3(c)(2)(i), the dry ink concentrate does not have an LD-50 (lethal dose, median; lethal for 50 percent or more of test group) single oral dose of less than 1 gram per kilogram of body weight of the test animal. (ii) The dry ink concentrate enclosed in a single container does not weigh more than 75 milligrams. (iii) The dry ink concentrate does not contain over 15 percent by weight of ethylene glycol. (13) Containers of liquid and semisolid substances such as viscous- type paints, varnishes, lacquers, roof coatings, rubber vulcanizing preparations, floor covering adhesives, glazing compounds, and other viscous products containing toluene (also known as toluol), xylene (also known as xylol), or petroleum distillates in concentrations described in Sec. 1500.14(a)(3) are exempt from the labeling requirements of [[Page 647]] Sec. 1500.14(b)(3)(ii) insofar as that subdivision applies to such toluene, xylene, or petroleum distillates, provided that the viscosity of the substance or of any liquid that may separate or be present in the container is not less than 100 Saybolt universal seconds at 100 [deg]F. (14) Customer-owned portable containers that are filled by retail vendors with gasoline, kerosene (kerosine), or other petroleum distillates are exempt from the provision of section 2(p)(1)(A) of the act (which requires that the name and place of business of the manufacturer, distributor, packer, or seller appear on the label of such containers) provided that all the other label statements required by section 2(p)(1) of the act and Sec. 1500.14(b)(3) appear on the labels of containers of the substances named in this subparagraph. (15) Cellulose sponges are exempt from the labeling requirements of section 2(p)(1) of the act and Sec. 1500.14(b)(1) insofar as such requirements would be necessary because they contain 10 percent or more of diethylene glycol as defined in Sec. 1500.14(a)(1), provided that: (i) The cellulose sponge does not contain over 15 percent by weight of diethylene glycol; and (ii) The diethylene glycol content is completely held by the absorbent cellulose material so that no free liquid is within the sponge as marketed. (16) Containers of substances which include salt (sodium chloride) as a component are exempt from the labeling requirements of section 2(p)(1) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)(i)) insofar as such requirements would be necessary because the salt contained therein is present in a quantity sufficient to render the article ``toxic'' as defined in Sec. 1500.3(3)(2)(i), provided that the labels of such containers bear a conspicuous statement that the product contains salt. (17) The labeling of substances containing 10 percent or more of ferrous oxalate is exempt from the requirement of Sec. 1500.129(f) that it bear the word ``poison'' which would be required for such concentration of a salt of oxalic acid. (18) Packages containing articles intended as single-use spot removers, and which consist of a cotton pad or other absorbent material saturated with a mixture of drycleaning solvents, are exempt from the labeling requirements of section 2(p)(1) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)(i)) insofar as they apply to the ``flammable solid'' hazard as defined in Sec. 1500.3(c)(6)(vi), provided that: (i) The article is packaged in a sealed foil envelope; (ii) The total amount of solvent in each package does not exceed 4.5 milliliters; and (iii) The article will ignite only when in contact with an open flame, and when so ignited, the article burns with a sooty flame. (19) Packages containing articles intended as single-use spot removers, and which consist of a cotton pad or other absorbent material containing methyl alcohol, are exempt from the labeling requirements of Sec. 1500.14(b)(4), if: (i) The total amount of cleaning solvent in each package does not exceed 4.5 milliliters of which not more than 25 percent is methyl alcohol; and (ii) The liquid is completely held by the absorbent materials so that no free liquid is within the packages marketed. (20) Cigarette lighters containing petroleum distillate fuel are exempt from the labeling requirements of section 2(p)(1) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)(i)) and Sec. 1500.14(b)(3) insofar as such requirements would be necessary because the petroleum distillate contained therein is flammable and because the substance is named in Sec. 1500.14(a)(3) as requiring special labeling, provided that: (i) Such lighters contain not more than 10 cubic centimeters of fuel at the time of sale; and (ii) Such fuel is contained in a sealed compartment that cannot be opened without the deliberate removal of the flush-set, screw-type refill plug of the lighter. (21) Containers of dry granular fertilizers and dry granular plant foods are exempt from the labeling requirements of section 2(p)(1) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)(i)) insofar as such requirements would be necessary because the fertilizer or plant food contained therein is a toxic substance as defined in Sec. 1500.3(c)(2)(i), provided that: (i) When tested by the method described in Sec. 1500.3(c)(2)(i), the product [[Page 648]] has a single dose LD-50 of not less than 3.0 grams per kilogram of body weight of the test animal; (ii) The label of any such exempt dry granular fertilizers discloses the identity of each of the hazardous ingredients; (iii) The label bears the name and address of the manufacturer, packer, distributor, or seller; and (iv) The label bears the statement ``Keep out of the reach of children'' or its practical equivalent. (22) Small plastic capsules containing a paste composed of powdered metal solder mixed with a liquid flux are exempt from the requirements of section 2(p)(1) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)(i)), if: (i) The capsule holds not more than one-half milliliter of the solder mixture; (ii) The capsule is sold only as a component of a kit; and (iii) Adequate caution statements appear on the carton of the kit and on any accompanying labeling which bears directions for use. (23) Chemistry sets and other science education sets intended primarily for use by juveniles, and replacement containers of chemicals for such sets, are exempt from the requirements of section 2(p)(1) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)(i)), if: (i) The immediate container of each chemical that is hazardous as defined in the act and regulations thereunder bears on its main panel the name of such chemical, the appropriate signal word for that chemical, and the additional statement ``Read back panel before using'' (or ``Read side panel before using,'' if appropriate) and bears on the back (or side) panel of the immediate container the remainder of the appropriate cautionary statement for the specific chemical in the container; (ii) The experiment manual or other instruction book or booklet accompanying such set bears on the front page thereof, as a preface to any written matter in it (or on the cover, if any there be), the following caution statement within the borders of a rectangle and in the type size specified in Sec. 1500.121: WARNING--This set contains chemicals that may be harmful if misused. Read cautions on individual containers carefully. Not to be used by children except under adult supervision ; and (iii) The outer carton of such set bears on the main display panel within the borders of a rectangle, and in the type size specified in Sec. 1500.121, the caution statement specified in paragraph (a)(23)(ii) of this section. (24) Fire extinguishers containing fire extinguishing agents which are stored under pressure or which develop pressure under normal conditions of use are exempt from the labeling requirements of section 2(p)(1) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)(i)) insofar as such requirements apply to the pressure hazard as defined in Sec. 1500.3(c)(7)(i), provided that: (i) If the container is under pressure both during storage and under conditions of use, it shall be designed to withstand a pressure of at least 6 times the charging pressure at 70 [deg]F., except that carbon dioxide extinguishers shall be constructed and tested in accordance with applicable Interstate Commerce Commission specifications; or (ii) If the container is under pressure only during conditions of use, it shall be designed to withstand a pressure of not less than 5 times the maximum pressure developed under closed nozzle conditions at 70 [deg]F. or 1\1/2\ times the maximum pressure developed under closed nozzle conditions at 120 [deg]F., whichever is greater. (25) Cleaning and spot removing kits intended for use in cleaning carpets, furniture, and other household objects; kits intended for use in coating, painting, antiquing, and similarly processing furniture, furnishings, equipment, sidings, and various other surfaces; and kits intended for use in photographic color processing are exempt from the requirements of section 2(p)(1) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)(i)) and from the requirements of Sec. 1500.14, provided that: (i) The immediate container of each hazardous substance in the kit is fully labeled and in conformance with the requirements of the act and regulations thereunder; and (ii) The carton of the kit bears on the main display panel (or panels) within a [[Page 649]] borderline, and in the type size specified in Sec. 1500.121, the caution statement ``(Insert proper signal word as specified in paragraph (a)(25)(iii) of this section). This kit contains the following chemicals that may be harmful if misused: (List hazardous chemical components by name.) Read cautions on individual containers carefully. Keep out of the reach of children.'' (iii) If either the word ``POISON'' or ``DANGER'' is required on the container of any component of the kit, the same word shall be required to appear as part of the caution statement on the kit carton. If both ``POISON'' and ``DANGER'' are required in the labeling of any component or components in the kit, the word ``POISON'' shall be used. In all other cases the word ``WARNING'' or ``CAUTION'' shall be used. (26) Packages containing articles intended as single-use spot removers and containing methyl alcohol are exempt from the labeling specified in Sec. 1500.14(b)(4), if: (i) The total amount of cleaning solvent in each unit does not exceed 1 milliliter, of which not more than 40 percent is methyl alcohol; (ii) The liquid is contained in a sealed glass ampoule enclosed in a plastic container with a firmly attached absorbent wick at one end through which the liquid from the crushed ampoule must pass, under the contemplated conditions of use; and (iii) The labeling of each package of the cleaner bears the statement ``WARNING--Keep out of the reach of children,'' or its practical equivalent, and the name and place of business of the manufacturer, packer, distributor, or seller. (27) Packaged fireworks assortments intended for retail distribution are exempt from section 2(p)(1) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)(i)), if: (i) The package contains only fireworks devices suitable for use by the public and designed primarily to produce visible effects by combustion, except that small devices designed to produce audible effects may also be included if the audible effect is produced by a charge of not more than 2 grains of pyrotechnic composition; (ii) Each individual article in the assortment is fully labeled and in conformance with the requirements of the act and regulations thereunder; and (iii) The outer package bears on the main display panel (or panels), within the borders of a rectangle and in the type size specified in Sec. 1500.121, the caution statement ``WARNING--This assortment contains items that may be hazardous if misused and should be used only under adult supervision. IMPORTANT--Read cautions on individual items carefully.'' (See also Sec. 1500.14(b)(7); Sec. 1500.17(a) (3), (8) and (9); Sec. 1500.85(a)(2); and part 1507). (28) Packages containing felt pads impregnated with ethylene glycol are exempt from the labeling requirements of Sec. 1500.14(b)(1), if: (i) The total amount of ethylene glycol in each pad does not exceed 1 gram; and (ii) The liquid is held by the felt pad so that no free ethylene glycol is within the package. (29) Cigarette lighters containing butane and/or isobutane fuel are exempt from the labeling requirements of section 2(p)(1) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)(i)) insofar as such requirements would otherwise be necessary because the fuel therein is extremely flammable and under pressure, provided that: (i) The lighters contain not more than 12 grams of fuel at the time of sale; and (ii) The fuel reservoir is designed to withstand a pressure of at least 1\1/2\ times the maximum pressure which will be developed in the container at 120 [deg]F. (30) The outer retail containers of solder kits each consisting of a small tube of flux partially surrounded by a winding of wire-type cadmium-free silver solder are exempt from the labeling requirements of section 2(p)(1) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)(i)), if: (i) The metal solder contains no cadmium and is not otherwise hazardous under the provisions of the act; (ii) The tube of flux in the kit is fully labeled and in conformance with the act and regulations thereunder, and any accompanying literature that bears directions for use also bears all [[Page 650]] the information required by section 2(p) of the act; and (iii) The main panel of the outer container bears in type size specified in Sec. 1500.121 the following: (A) The signal word; (B) a statement of principal hazard or hazards; (C) the statement ``Keep out of the reach of children,'' or its practical equivalent; and (D) instructions to read other cautionary instructions on the tube of flux within. (31) Visual novelty devices consisting of sealed units, each of which unit is a steel and glass cell containing perchloroethylene (among other things), are exempt from the requirements of Sec. 1500.121(a) that would otherwise require a portion of the warning statement to appear on the glass face of the device, provided that: (i) The device contains not more than 105 milliliters of perchloroethylene and contains no other component that contributes substantially to the hazard; and (ii) The following cautionary statement appears on the device (other than on the bottom) in the type size specified in Sec. 1500.121 (c) and (d): Caution--If Broken, Resultant Vapors May Be Harmful Contains perchloroethylene. Do not expose to extreme heat. If broken indoors, open windows and doors until all odor of chemical is gone. Keep out of the reach of children. A practical equivalent may be substituted for the statement ``Keep out of the reach of children.'' (32) Hollow plastic toys containing mineral oil are exempt from the labeling specified in Sec. 1500.14(b)(3)(ii), if: (i) The article contains no other ingredient that would cause it to possess the aspiration hazard specified in Sec. 1500.14(b)(3)(ii); (ii) The article contains not more than 6 fluid ounces of mineral oil; (iii) The mineral oil has a viscosity of at least 70 Saybolt universal seconds at 100 [deg]F.; (iv) The mineral oil meets the specifications in the N.F. for light liquid petrolatum; and (v) The container bears the statement ``CAUTION--Contains light liquid petrolatum N.F. Discard if broken or leak develops.'' (33) Containers of mineral oil having a capacity of not more than 1 fluid ounce and intended for use in producing a smoke effect for toy trains are exempt from the labeling specified in Sec. 1500.14(b)(3), if: (i) The mineral oil meets the specifications in the N.F. for light liquid petrolatum; (ii) The mineral oil has a viscosity of at least 130 Saybolt universal seconds at 100 [deg]F.; (iii) The article contains no other ingredient that contributes to the hazard; and (iv) The label declares the presence light liquid petrolatum and the name and place of business of the manufacturer, packer, distributor, or seller. (34) Viscous products containing more than 4 percent by weight of methyl alcohol, such as adhesives, asphalt-base roof and tank coatings, and similar products, are exempt from bearing the special labeling required by Sec. 1500.14(b)(4), if: (i) The product contains not more than 15 percent by weight of methyl alcohol; (ii) The methyl alcohol does not separate from the other ingredients upon standing or through any foreseeable use or manipulation; (iii) The viscosity of the product is not less than 7,000 centipoises at 77 [deg]F., unless the product is packaged in a pressurized container and is dispensed as a liquid unsuitable for drinking; and (iv) The labeling bears the statement ``Contains methyl alcohol. Use only in well-ventilated area. Keep out of the reach of children.'' (35) Individual detonators or blasting caps are exempt from bearing the statement, ``Keep out of the reach of children,'' or its practical equivalent, if: (i) Each detonator or cap bears conspicuously in the largest type size practicable the statement, ``DANGEROUS--BLASTING CAPS--EXPLOSIVE'' or ``DANGEROUS--DETONATOR--EXPLOSIVE''; and (ii) The outer carton and any accompanying printed matter bear appropriate, complete cautionary labeling. (36) Individual toy rocket propellant devices and separate delay train and/or [[Page 651]] recovery system activation devices intended for use with premanufactured model rocket engines are exempt from bearing the full labeling required by section 2(p)(1) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)(i)) insofar as such requirements would be necessary because the articles are flammable or generate pressure, provided that: (i) The devices are designed and constructed in accordance with the specifications in Sec. 1500.85(a)(8), (9) or (14); (ii) Each individual device or retail package of devices bears the following: (A) The statement ``WARNING--FLAMMABLE: Read instructions before use''; (B) The common or usual name of the article; (C) A statement of the type of engine and use classification; (D) Instructions for safe disposal; and (E) Name and place of business of manufacturer or distributor; and (iii) Each individual rocket engine or retail package of rocket engines distributed to users is accompanied by an instruction sheet bearing complete cautionary labeling and instructions for safe use and handling of the individual rocket engines. (37) Glues with a cyanoacrylate base in packages containing 3 grams or less are exempt from the requirement of Sec. 1500.121(d) that labeling which is permitted to appear elsewhere than on the main label panel must be in type size no smaller than 6 point type, provided that: (i) The main panel of the immediate container bears both the proper signal word and a statement of the principal hazard or hazards associated with this product, as provided by Sec. 1500.121 (a) and (c); (ii) The main panel of the immediate container also bears an instruction to read carefully additional warnings elsewhere on the label and on any outer package, accompanying leaflet, and display card. The instruction to read additional warnings must comply with the size, placement, conspicuousness, and contrast requirements of Sec. 1500.121; and (iii) The remainder of the cautionary labeling required by the act that is not on the main label panel must appear elsewhere on the label in legible type and must appear on any outer package, accompanying leaflet, and display card. If there is no outer package, accompanying leaflet, or display card, then the remainder of the required cautionary labeling must be displayed on a tag or other suitable material that is securely affixed to the article so that the labeling will remain attached throughout the conditions of merchandising and distribution to the ultimate consumer. That labeling which must appear on any outer package, accompanying leaflet, tag, or other suitable material must comply with the size, placement, contrast, and conspicuousness requirements of Sec. 1500.121(d). (38) Rigid or semi-rigid writing instruments and ink cartridges having a writing point and an ink reservoir are exempt from the labeling requirements of section 2(p)(1) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)(i) of the regulations) and of regulations issued under section 3(b) of the act (Sec. 1500.14(b)(1, 2)) insofar as such requirements would be necessary because the ink contained therein is a ``toxic'' substance as defined in Sec. 1500.3(c)(2)(i) and/or because the ink contains 10 percent or more by weight ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol, if all the following conditions are met: (i) The writing instrument or cartridge is of such construction that the ink will, under any reasonably foreseeable condition of manipulation and use, emerge only from the writing tip. (ii) When tested by the method described in Sec. 1500.3(c)(2)(i), the ink does not have an LD-50 single oral dose of less than 2.5 grams per kilogram of body weight of the test animal. (iii) If the ink contains ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol, the amount of such substance, either singly or in combination, does not exceed 1 gram per writing instrument or cartridge. (iv) The amount of ink in the writing instrument or cartridge does not exceed 3 grams. [38 FR 27012, Sept. 27, 1973; 42 FR 33026, June 29, 1977, as amended at 43 FR 32745, July 28, 1978; 43 FR 47176, Oct. 13, 1978; 44 FR 42678, July 20, 1979; 46 FR 11513, Feb. 9, 1981; 48 FR 16, Jan. 3, 1983; 68 FR 4699, Jan. 30, 2003; 74 FR 27249, June 9, 2009; 75 FR 49380, Aug. 13, 2010] [[Page 652]] Sec. 1500.85 Exemptions from classification as banned hazardous substances. (a) The term banned hazardous substances as used in section 2(q)(1)(A) of the act shall not apply to the following articles provided that these articles bear labeling giving adequate directions and warnings for safe use: (1) Chemistry sets and other science education sets intended primarily for juveniles, and replacement components for such sets, when labeled in accordance with Sec. 1500.83(a)(23). (2) Firecrackers designed to produce audible effects, if the audible effect is produced by a charge of not more than 50 milligrams (.772 grains) of pyrotechnic composition. (See also Sec. 1500.14(b)(7); Sec. 1500.17(a) (3), (8) and (9); and part 1507). (3) [Reserved] (4) Educational materials such as art materials, preserved biological specimens, laboratory chemicals, and other articles intended and used for educational purposes. (5) Liquid fuels containing more than 4 percent by weight of methyl alcohol that are intended and used for operation of miniature engines for model airplanes, boats, cars, etc. (6) Novelties consisting of a mixture of polyvinyl acetate, U.S. Certified Colors, and not more than 25 percent by weight of acetone, and intended for blowing plastic balloons. (7) Games containing, as the sole hazardous component, a self- pressurized container of soap solution or similar foam-generating mixture provided that the foam-generating component has no hazards other than being in a self-pressurized container. (8) Model rocket propellant devices designed for use in light- weight, recoverable, and reflyable model rockets, provided such devices: (i) Are designed to be ignited by electrical means. (ii) Contain no more than 62.5 grams (2.2 ounces) of propellant material and produce less than 80 newton-seconds (17.92 pound seconds) of total impulse with thrust duration not less than 0.050 second. (iii) Are constructed such that all the chemical ingredients are preloaded into a cylindrical paper or similarly constructed nonmetallic tube that will not fragment into sharp, hard pieces. (iv) Are designed so that they will not burst under normal conditions of use, are incapable of spontaneous ignition, and do not contain any type of explosive or pyrotechnic warhead other than a small parachute or recovery-system activation charge. (9) Separate delay train and/or recovery system activation devices intended for use with premanufactured model rocket engines wherein all of the chemical ingredients are preloaded so the user does not handle any chemical ingredient and are so designed that the main casing or container does not rupture during operation. (10) Solid fuel pellets intended for use in miniature jet engines for propelling model jet airplanes, speed boats, racing cars, and similar models, provided such solid fuel pellets: (i) Weigh not more than 11.5 grams each. (ii) Are coated with a protective resinous film. (iii) Contain not more than 35 percent potassium dichromate. (iv) Produce a maximum thrust of not more than 7\1/2\ ounces when used as directed. (v) Burn not longer than 12 seconds each when used as directed. (11) Fuses intended for igniting fuel pellets exempt under subparagraph (10) of this paragraph. (12) Kits intended for construction of model rockets and jet propelled model airplanes requiring the use of difluorodichloromethane as a propellant, provided the outer carton bears on the main panel in conspicuous type size the statement ``WARNING--Carefully read instructions and cautions before use.'' (13) Flammable wire materials intended for electro-mechanical actuation and release devices for model kits described in paragraph (12) of this section, provided each wire does not exceed 15 milligrams in weight. (14) Model rocket propellant devices (model rocket motors) designed to propel rocket-powered model cars, provided-- (i) Such devices: [[Page 653]] (A) Are designed to be ignited electrically and are intended to be operated from a minimum distance of 15 feet (4.6 m) away; (B) Contain no more than 4 g. of propellant material and produce no more than 2.5 Newton-seconds of total impulse with a thrust duration not less than 0.050 seconds; (C) Are constructed such that all the chemical ingredients are pre- loaded into a cylindrical paper or similarly constructed non-metallic tube that will not fragment into sharp, hard pieces; (D) Are designed so that they will not burst under normal conditions of use, are incapable of spontaneous ignition, and do not contain any type of explosive or pyrotechnic warhead other than a small recovery system activation charge; (E) Bear labeling, including labeling that the devices are intended for use by persons age 12 and older, and include instructions providing adequate warnings and instructions for safe use; and (F) Comply with the requirements of 16 CFR 1500.83(a)(36)(ii and iii); and (ii) The surface vehicles intended for use with such devices: (A) Are lightweight, weighing no more than 3.0 oz. (85 grams), and constructed mainly of materials such as balsa wood or plastics that will not fragment into sharp, hard pieces; (B) Are designed to utilize a braking system such as a parachute or shock absorbing stopping mechanism; (C) Are designed so that they cannot accept propellant devices measuring larger than 0.5 (13 mm) in diameter and 1.75 (44 mm) in length; (D) Are designed so that the engine mount is permanently attached by the manufacturer to a track or track line that controls the vehicle's direction for the duration of its movement; (E) Are not designed to carry any type of explosive or pyrotechnic material other than the model rocket motor used for primary propulsion; (F) Bear labeling and include instructions providing adequate warnings and instructions for safe use; and (G) Are designed to operate on a track or line that controls the vehicles' direction for the duration of their movement and either cannot operate off the track or line or, if operated off the track or line, are unstable and fail to operate in a guided fashion so that they will not strike the operator or bystanders. (b) [Reserved] [38 FR 27012, Sept. 27, 1973, as amended at 41 FR 22935, June 8, 1976; 42 FR 43391, Aug. 29, 1977; 48 FR 16, Jan. 3, 1983; 68 FR 4699, Jan. 30, 2003] Sec. 1500.86 Exemptions from classification as a banned toy or other banned article for use by children. (a) The term banned hazardous substance as used in section 2(q)(1)(A) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(15)(i)(A)) of the act shall not apply to the following articles: (1) Toy rattles described in Sec. 1500.18(a)(1) in which the rigid wires, sharp protrusions, or loose small objects are internal and provided that such rattles are constructed so that they will not break or deform to expose or release the contents either in normal use or when subjected to reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse. (2) Dolls and stuffed animals and other similar toys described in Sec. 1500.18(a)(3) in which the components that have the potential for causing laceration, puncture wound injury, or other similar injury are internal, provided such dolls, stuffed animals, and other similar toys are constructed so that they will not break or deform to expose such components either in normal use or when subjected to reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse. (3) [Reserved] (4) Any article known as a ``baby-bouncer'' or ``walker-jumper'' and any other similar article (referred to in this paragraph as ``article(s)''), except an infant walker subject to part 1216 of this chapter, described in Sec. 1500.18(a)(6) provided: (i) The frames are designed and constructed in a manner to prevent injury from any scissoring, shearing, or pinching when the members of the frame or other components rotate about a common axis or fastening point or otherwise move relative to one another; and (ii) Any coil springs which expand when the article is subjected to a force that will extend the spring to its maximum distance so that a space between successive coils is greater than one- [[Page 654]] eighth inch (0.125 inch) are covered or otherwise designed to prevent injuries; and (iii) All holes larger than one-eighth inch (0.125 inch) in diameter and slots, cracks, or hinged components in any portion of the article through which a child could insert, in whole or in part a finger, toe, or any other part of the anatomy are guarded or otherwise designed to prevent injuries; and (iv) The articles are designed and constructed to prevent accidental collapse while in use; and (v) The articles are designed and constructed in a manner that eliminates from any portion of the article the possibility of presenting a mechanical hazard through pinching, bruising, lacerating, crushing, breaking, amputating, or otherwise injuring portions of the human body when in normal use or when subjected to reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse; and (vi) Any article which is introduced into interstate commerce after the effective date of this subparagraph is labeled: (A) With a conspicuous statement of the name and address of the manufacturer, packer, distributor, or seller; and (B) With a code mark on the article itself and on the package containing the article or on the shipping container, in addition to the invoice(s) or shipping document(s), which code mark will permit future identification by the manufacturer of any given model (the manufacturer shall change the model number whenever the article undergoes a significant structural or design modification); and (vii) The manufacturer or importer of the article shall make, keep, and maintain for 3 years records of sale, distribution, and results of inspections and tests conducted in accordance with this subparagraph and shall make such records available at all reasonable hours upon request by any officer or employee of the Consumer Product Safety Commission and shall permit such officer or employee to inspect and copy such records, to make such stock inventories as he deems necessary, and to otherwise check the correctness of such records. (5) Clacker balls described in Sec. 1500.18(a)(7) that have been designed, manufactured, assembled, labeled, and tested in accordance with the following requirements, and when tested at the point of production or while in interstate commerce or while held for sale after shipment in interstate commerce do not exceed the failure rate requirements of the table in paragraph (a)(5)(vi) of this section: (i) The toy shall be so designed and fabricated that: (A) Each ball: Weighs less than 50 grams; will not shatter, crack, or chip; is free of cracks, flash (ridges due to imperfect molding), and crazing (tiny surface cracks); and is free of rough or sharp edges around any hole where the cord enters or over any surface with which the cord may make contact. Each ball is free of internal voids (holes, cavities, or air bubbles) if the balls are made of materials other than those materials (such as ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), nylon, and high-impact polystyrene) that are injection-molded and possess high- impact characteristics. (B) The cord: Is of high tensile strength, synthetic fibers that are braided or woven, having a breaking strength in excess of 445 Newtons (100 pounds); is free of fraying or any other defect that might tend to reduce its strength in use; is not molded in balls made of casting resins which tend to wick up or run up on the outside of the cord; and is affixed to a ball at the center of the horizontal plane of the ball when it is suspended by the cord. Clacker balls where the mass of each ball is less than 12 grams (0.42 oz.) and the distance between the center of the pivot and the center of the ball cannot exceed 180 mm (7.1 inches) may have a minimum cord breaking strength of less than 445 Newtons (100 pounds), as computed by the following formula: Adjusted Cord Breaking Strength in Newtons = 0.1382(mb) (Rp), where mb = mass of a single ball in grams and Rp = pivot length in mm. (C) When the cord is attached to the ball by means of a knot, the end beneath the knot is chemically fused or otherwise treated to prevent the knot from slipping out or untying in use. [[Page 655]] (ii) The toy shall be tested at the time of production: (A) By using the sampling procedure described in the table in subdivision (vi) of this subparagraph to determine the number of units to be tested. (B) By subjecting each ball tested to 10 drops of a 2.25 kg (5- pound) steel impact rod or weight (57-mm (2\1/4\-inch) diameter with a flat head) dropped 1220 mm (48 inches) in a vented steel or aluminum tube (60-mm (2\3/8\-inch) inside diameter) when the ball is placed on a steel or cast iron mount. Clacker balls where the mass of each ball is less than 12 grams (0.42 oz.) and the distance between the center of the pivot and the center of the ball cannot exceed 180 mm (7.1 inches) may be tested by dropping the impact weight from a height of less than 1220 mm (48 in.), where the height is computed as follows: Adjusted drop height in mm = 179 x 10-5(mb) (Rp2), where mb = mass of a single ball in grams and Rp = pivot length in mm. Any ball showing any chipping, cracking, or shattering shall be counted as a failure within the meaning of the third column of the table in paragraph (a)(5)(vi) of this section. (C) By inspecting each ball tested for smoothness of finish on any surface of the ball which may come in contact with the cord during use. A cotton swab shall be rubbed vigorously over each such surface or area of the ball; if any cotton fibers are removed, the ball shall be counted as a failure within the meaning of the fourth column of the table in subdivision (vi) of this paragraph. The toy shall also be checked to ascertain that there is no visibly perceptible ``wicking up'' or ``running up'' of the casting resins on the outside of the cord in the vicinity where the ball is attached. (D) By fully assembling the toy and testing the cord in such a manner as to test both the strength of the cord and the adequacy with which the cord is attached to the ball and any holding device such as a tab or ring included in the assembly. The fully assembled article shall be vertically suspended by one ball and a 445-Newton (100-pound) test applied to the bottom ball. Clacker balls where the mass of each ball is less than 12 grams (0.42 oz.) and the distance between the center of the pivot and the center of the ball cannot exceed 180 mm (7.1 inches) may be tested with a force of under 445 Newtons (100 pounds). The test force for these clacker balls shall be the same as the cord breaking strength calculated in Sec. 1500.86(a)(5)(i)(B). Any breaking, fraying, or unraveling of the cord or any sign of slipping, loosening, or unfastening shall be counted as a failure within the meaning of the fourth column of the table in paragraph (a)(5)(vi) of this section. (E) By additionally subjecting any ring or other holding device to a 222-Newton (50-pound) test load applied to both cords; the holding device is to be securely fixed horizontally in a suitable clamp in such a manner as to support 50 percent of the area of such holding device and the balls are suspended freely. Clacker balls where the mass of each ball is less than 12 grams (0.42 oz.) and the distance between the center of the pivot and the center of the ball cannot exceed 180 mm (7.1 inches) may have their holding device tested with a force of less than 222 Newtons (50 pounds). The holding device test force for these clacker balls shall be half of the cord breaking strength calculated in Sec. 1500.86(a)(5)(i)(B). Any breaking, cracking, or crazing of the ring or other holding device shall be counted as a failure within the meaning of the fourth column of the table in paragraph (a)(5)(vi) of this section. (F) By cutting each ball tested in half and then cutting each half perpendicularly to the first cut into three or more pieces of approximately equal thickness. Each portion is to be inspected before and after cutting, and any ball showing any flash, crack, crazing, or internal voids on such inspection is to be counted as a failure within the meaning of the fourth column of the table in paragraph (a)(5)(vi) of this section. Balls that are injection-molded and possess high-impact characteristics (such as injection-molded balls made of ABS, nylon, or high-impact polystyrene) though exempt from the requirements that there be no internal voids, must be tested to determine the presence of any flash, crack or grazing. A transparent ball shall be subjected to [[Page 656]] the same requirements except that it may be visually inspected without cutting. (iii) The toy shall be fully assembled for use at time of sale, including the proper attachments of balls, cords, knots, loops, or other holding devices. (iv) The toy shall be labeled: (A) With a conspicuous statement of the name and address of the manufacturer, packer, distributor, or seller. (B) To bear on the toy itself and/or the package containing the toy and/or the shipping container, in addition to the invoice(s) and shipping document(s), a code or mark in a form and manner that will permit future identification of any given batch, lot, or shipment by the manufacturer. (C) To bear a conspicuous warning statement on the main panel of the retail container and display carton and on any accompanying literature: That if cracks develop in a ball or if the cord becomes frayed or loose or unfastened, use of the toy should be discontinued; and if a ring or loop or other holding device is present, the statement ``In use, the ring or loop must be placed around the middle finger and the two cords positioned over the forefinger and held securely between the thumb and forefinger,'' or words to that effect which will provide adequate instructions and warnings to prevent the holding device from accidentally slipping out of the hand. Such statements shall be printed in sharply contrasting color within a borderline and in letters at least 6 mm (\1/4\ inch) high on the main panel of the container and at least 3 mm (\1/8\) high on all accompanying literature. (v) The manufacturer of the toy shall make, keep, and maintain for 3 years records of sale, distribution, and results of inspections and tests conducted in accordance with this subparagraph and shall make such records available upon request at all reasonable hours by any officer or employee of the Consumer Product Safety Commission, and shall permit such officer or employee to inspect and copy such records and to make such inventories of stock as he deems necessary and otherwise to check the correctness of such records. (vi) The lot size, sample size, and failure rate for testing clacker balls are as follows: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Failure rate Number of units in batch, Failure rate constituting rejection shipment, delivery, lot, or retail Number of units in constituting rejection when testing per Sec. stock random sample when testing per Sec. 1500.86(a)(5)(ii) (C), 1500.86(a)(5)(ii)(B) (D), (E), and (F) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 50 or less........................ 8 1 1 51 to 90.......................... 13 1 1 91 to 150......................... 20 1 1 151 to 280........................ 32 1 2 281 to 500........................ 50 1 2 501 to 1,200...................... 80 2 4 1,201 to 3,200.................... 125 2 6 3,201 to 10,000................... 200 3 10 10,001 to 35,000.................. 315 4 16 35,001 to 150,000................. 500 6 25 150,001 to 500,000................ 800 8 40 500,001 and over.................. 1,250 11 62 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (vii) Applicability of the exemption provided by this paragraph shall be determined through use of the table in paragraph (a)(5)(vi) of this section. A random sample of the number of articles as specified in the second column of the table shall be selected according to the number of articles in a particular batch, shipment, delivery, lot, or retail stock per the first column. A failure rate as shown in either the third or fourth column shall indicate that the entire batch, shipment, delivery, lot, or retail stock has failed and thus is not exempted under this paragraph from classification as a banned hazardous substance. (6) [Reserved] (7) Dive sticks and similar articles described in Sec. 1500.18(a)(19) that come to rest at the bottom of a container of water in a position in which the long axis of the article is greater than 45 degrees from vertical when measured in [[Page 657]] accordance with the following test method: (i) Test equipment. (A) A container that is filled with tap water to a depth at least 3 inches [76 mm] greater than the longest dimension of the dive stick. The container shall: (1) Be sufficiently wide to allow the dive stick to lie along the bottom with its long axis in a horizontal position, (2) Have clear side walls to permit observation of the dive stick under water, and (3) Be placed on a level surface and have a flat bottom. (B) A protractor or other suitable angle measurement device that has an indicator for 45 degrees from vertical. (ii) Testing procedure (A) If the dive stick is sold such that the consumer is required to attach an additional component(s) to the dive stick, then the product shall be tested both with and without the attachment(s). (B) From just above the water surface, drop the dive stick into the container. (C) Let the dive stick sink and come to rest at the bottom of the container. If the dive stick is designed so that the weight can be adjusted by adding water or other substance, adjust the weight so that the dive stick sinks and comes to rest with its long axis positioned as close to vertical as possible. (D) Align the angle measurement device alongside the dive stick underwater and wait for the dive stick to come to rest if there is any water disturbance. Determine whether the long axis of the dive stick is greater than or less than 45 degrees from vertical. (8) Dive sticks and similar articles described in Sec. 1500.18(a)(19) in which the maximum force measured in the following test method is less than 5-lbf [22N]. The test shall be conducted in the ambient environment of the laboratory and not under water. (i) Test equipment. (A) A compression rig that has a force gauge or equivalent device that is calibrated for force measurements within a minimum range of 0 to 5 lbf [0-22 N] and with an accuracy of 0.1 lbf [0.44 N] or better. The test rig shall have a system to guide this force application in the vertical direction and shall have a means to adjust the rate of load application. (B) Compression disk--the loading device that is attached to the force gauge shall be a rigid metal disk with a minimum diameter of 1.125 inches [29 mm]. (C) Vise or other clamping device. (ii) Testing procedure (A) Position the bottom of the dive stick in the clamping device so that the longest axis of the dive stick is vertical. The bottom end of the dive stick is the end that sinks to the bottom of a pool of water. Secure the bottom of the dive stick in the clamp such that the clamping mechanism covers no more than the bottom \1/2\ inch [13 mm] of the dive stick. (B) Apply a downward force at a rate of 0.05 in/sec (0.01 in/sec) [1.3 mm.sec 0.3 mm/ sec] at the top of the dive stick with the compression disk positioned so that the plane of the disk contact surface is perpendicular to the long axis of the dive stick. (C) Apply the load for a period of 40 seconds or until the maximum recorded force exceeds 5-lbf [22 N]. (D) Record the maximum force that was measured during the test. (b) [Reserved] (9) Boston Billow Nursing Pillow and substantially similar nursing pillows that are designed to be used only as a nursing aide for breastfeeding mothers. For example, are tubular in form, C- or crescent- shaped to fit around a nursing mother's waist, round in circumference and filled with granular material. [38 FR 27012, Sept. 27, 1973, as amended at 53 FR 46839, Nov. 18, 1988; 59 FR 9076, 9077, Feb. 25, 1994; 66 FR 13651, Mar. 7, 2001; 68 FR 70140, Dec. 17, 2003; 73 FR 77495, Dec. 19, 2008; 75 FR 35282, June 21, 2010; 78 FR 66841, Nov. 7, 2013] Sec. 1500.87 Children's products containing lead: inaccessible component parts. (a) The Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act (CPSIA) provides for specific lead limits in children's products. Section 101(a) of the CPSIA provides that by February 10, 2009, products designed or intended primarily for children 12 and younger may not contain more than 600 ppm of lead. After August 14, 2009, products designed or [[Page 658]] intended primarily for children 12 and younger cannot contain more than 300 ppm of lead. On August 14, 2011, the limit may be further reduced to 100 ppm after three years, unless the Commission determines that it is not technologically feasible to have this lower limit. (b) Section 101 (b)(2) of the CPSIA provides that the lead limits do not apply to component parts of a product that are not accessible to a child. This section specifies that a component part is not accessible if it is not physically exposed by reason of a sealed covering or casing and does not become physically exposed through reasonably foreseeable use and abuse of the product including swallowing, mouthing, breaking, or other children's activities, and the aging of the product, as determined by the Commission. Paint, coatings, or electroplating may not be considered to be a barrier that would render lead in the substrate to be inaccessible to a child. (c) Section 101(b)(2)(B) of the CPSIA directs the Commission to promulgate by August 14, 2009, this interpretative rule to provide guidance with respect to what product components or classes of components will be considered to be inaccessible. (d) The accessibility probes specified for sharp points or edges under the Commissions' regulations at 16 CFR 1500.48-1500.49 will be used to assess the accessibility of lead-component parts of a children's product. A lead-containing component part would be considered accessible if it can be contacted by any portion of the specified segment of the accessibility probe. A lead-containing component part would be considered inaccessible if it cannot be contacted by any portion of the specified segment of the accessibility probe. (e) For products intended for children that are 18 months of age or less, the use and abuse tests set forth under the Commission's regulations at 16 CFR 1500.50 and 16 CFR 1500.51 (excluding the bite test of Sec. 1500.51(c)), will be used to evaluate accessibility of lead-containing component parts of a children's product as a result of normal and reasonably foreseeable use and abuse of the product. (f) For products intended for children that are over 18 months but not over 36 months of age, the use and abuse tests set forth under the Commission's regulations at 16 CFR 1500.50 and 16 CFR 1500.52 (excluding the bite test of Sec. 1500.52(c)), will be used to evaluate accessibility of lead-containing component parts of a children's product as a result of normal and reasonably foreseeable use and abuse of the product. (g) For products intended for children that are over 36 months but not over 96 months of age, the use and abuse tests set forth under the Commission's regulations at 16 CFR 1500.50 and 16 CFR 1500.53 (excluding the bite test of Sec. 1500.53(c)), will be used to evaluate accessibility of lead-containing component parts of a children's product as a result of normal and reasonably foreseeable use and abuse of the product. (h) For products intended for children over 96 months through 12 years of age, the use and abuse tests set forth under the Commission's regulations at 16 CFR 1500.50 and 16 CFR 1500.53 (excluding the bite test of Sec. 1500.53(c)) intended for children aged 37-96 months will be used to evaluate accessibility of lead-containing component parts of a children's product as a result of normal and reasonably foreseeable use and abuse of the product. (i) A children's product that is or contains a lead-containing part which is enclosed, encased, or covered by fabric and passes the appropriate use and abuse tests on such covers, is inaccessible to a child unless the product or part of the product in one dimension is smaller than 5 centimeters. (j) The intentional disassembly or destruction of products by children older than age 8 years by means or knowledge not generally available to younger children, including use of tools, will not be considered in evaluating products for accessibility of lead-containing components. [74 FR 39540, Aug. 7, 2009] Sec. 1500.88 Exemptions from lead limits under section 101 of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act for certain electronic devices. (a) The Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act (CPSIA) provides for [[Page 659]] specific lead limits in children's products. Section 101(a) of the CPSIA provides that by February 10, 2009, products designed or intended primarily for children 12 and younger may not contain more than 600 ppm of lead. After August 14, 2009, products designed or intended primarily for children 12 and younger cannot contain more than 300 ppm of lead. On August 14, 2011, the limit will be further reduced to 100 ppm, unless the Commission determines that it is not technologically feasible to meet this lower limit. Section 101(b)(2) of the CPSIA further provides that the lead limits do not apply to component parts of a product that are not accessible to a child. This section specifies that a component part is not accessible if it is not physically exposed by reason of a sealed covering or casing and does not become physically exposed through reasonably foreseeable use and abuse of the product including swallowing, mouthing, breaking, or other children's activities, and the aging of the product, as determined by the Commission. Paint, coatings, or electroplating may not be considered to be a barrier that would render lead in the substrate to be inaccessible to a child. (b) Section 101(b)(4) of the CPSIA provides that if the Commission determines that it is not technologically feasible for certain electronic devices to comply with the lead limits, the Commission must issue requirements by regulation to eliminate or minimize the potential for exposure to and accessibility of lead in such electronic devices and establish a compliance schedule unless the Commission determines that full compliance is not technologically feasible within a schedule set by the Commission. (c) Certain accessible lead-containing component parts in children's electronic devices unable to meet the lead limits set forth in paragraph (a) of this section due to technological infeasibility are granted the exemptions that follow in paragraph (d) of this section below, provided that use of lead is necessary for the proper electronic functioning of the component part and it is not technologically feasible for the component part to meet the lead content limits set forth in paragraph (a) of this section. (d) Exemptions for lead as used in certain electronic components parts in children's electronic devices include: (1) Lead blended into the glass of cathode ray tubes, electronic components, and fluorescent tubes. (2) Lead used as an alloying element in steel. The maximum amount of lead shall be less than 0.35% by weight (3,500 ppm). (3) Lead used in the manufacture of aluminum. The maximum amount of lead shall be less than 0.4% by weight (4,000 ppm). (4) Lead used in copper-based alloys. The maximum amount of lead shall be less than 4% by weight (40,000 ppm). (5) Lead used in lead-bronze bearing shells and bushings. (6) Lead used in compliant pin connector systems. (7) Lead used in optical and filter glass. (8) Lead oxide in plasma display panels (PDP) and surface conduction electron emitter displays (SED) used in structural elements; notably in the front and rear glass dielectric layer, the bus electrode, the black stripe, the address electrode, the barrier ribs, the seal frit and frit ring, as well as in print pastes. (9) Lead oxide in the glass envelope of Black Light Blue (BLB) lamps. (e) Components of electronic devices that are removable or replaceable, such as battery packs and light bulbs that are inaccessible when the product is assembled in functional form or are otherwise granted an exemption, are not subject to the lead limits in paragraph (a) of this section. (f) Commission staff is directed to reevaluate and report to the Commission on the technological feasibility of compliance with the lead limits in paragraph (a) of this section for children's electronic devices, including the technological feasibility of making accessible component parts inaccessible, and the status of the exemptions, no less than every five years after publication of a final rule in the Federal Register on children's electronic devices. [75 FR 3158, Jan. 20, 2010] [[Page 660]] Sec. 1500.89 Procedures and requirements for determinations regarding lead content of materials or products under section 101(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act. (a) The Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act provides for specific lead limits in children's products. Section 101(a) of the CPSIA provides that by February 10, 2009, products designed or intended primarily for children 12 years of age or younger may not contain more than 600 ppm of lead. After August 14, 2009, products designed or intended primarily for children 12 years of age or younger cannot contain more than 300 ppm of lead. On August 14, 2011, the limit will be further reduced to 100 ppm, unless the Commission determines that this lower limit is not technologically feasible. Paint, coatings or electroplating may not be considered a barrier that would make the lead content of a product inaccessible to a child or prevent the absorption of any lead in the human body through normal and reasonably foreseeable use and abuse of the product. (b) The Commission may, either on its own initiative or upon the request of any interested person, make a determination that a material or product does not contain leads levels that exceed 600 ppm, 300 ppm, or 100 ppm, as applicable. (c) A determination by the Commission under paragraph (b) of this section that a material or product does not contain lead levels that exceed 600 ppm, 300 ppm, or 100 ppm, as applicable does not relieve the material or product from complying with the applicable lead limit as provided under paragraph (a) of this section. (d) To request a determination under paragraph (b) of this section, the request must: (1) Be e-mailed to [email protected]. and titled ``Section 101 Request for Lead Content Determination.'' Requests may also be mailed, preferably in five copies, to the Office of the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 502, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, or delivered to the same address. (2) Be written in the English language. (3) Contain the name and address, and e-mail address or telephone number, of the requestor. (4) Provide documentation including: (i) A detailed description of the product or material and how it is used by a child; (ii) Representative data on the lead content of parts of the product or materials used in the production of a product; (iii) All relevant data or information on manufacturing processes through which lead may be introduced into the material or product; (iv) An assessment of the likelihood or lack thereof that the manufacturing processes will result in lead contamination of a material or product that ordinarily does not contain lead; (v) All relevant data or information on the facilities used to manufacture the material or product, and any other materials used in the product; (vi) An assessment of the likelihood or lack thereof that the use of leaded materials in a facility will result in lead contamination of a material or product that ordinarily does not contain lead; (vii) Any other information relevant to the potential for lead content of the product or material to exceed the statutory lead limit specified in the request, that is 600 ppm, 300 ppm, or 100 ppm, as applicable; (viii) Detailed information on the relied upon test methods for measuring lead content of products or materials including the type of equipment used or any other techniques employed and a statement as to why the data is representative of the lead content of such products or materials generally; and (ix) Any data or information that is unfavorable to the request that is reasonably available to the requestor. (e) Where a submission fails to meet all of the requirements of paragraph (d) of this section, the Office of the Secretary shall notify the person submitting it, describe the deficiency, and explain that the request may be resubmitted when the deficiency is corrected. (f) Upon receipt of a complete request for a determination, the Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction [[Page 661]] (EXHR) will assess the request to determine whether the product or material is one that does not contain lead in excess of the limits as provided under paragraph (a) of this section. EXHR will make an initial recommendation within thirty (30) calendar days, to the extent practicable. EXHR may request an extension from the Executive Director of the CPSC, if necessary, to make its initial determination. A complete request is one that does not require additional information from the requestor for EXHR to make an initial recommendation to the Commission. (g) Where the Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction's (EXHR) initial recommendation is to deny the request for a lead content determination, it will provide, in a staff memorandum to the Commission, submitted to the Commission for ballot vote, the basis for the denial with sufficient detail for the Commission to make an informed decision that reasonable grounds for a determination are not presented. The Commission, by ballot vote, will render a decision on the staff's recommendation. The ballot vote and the staff memorandum will be posted on the CPSC Web site. Any determination by the Commission to grant a request will be published in the Federal Register for comment. If the Commission concludes that the request shall be denied, the requestor shall be notified in writing of the denial from the Office of the Secretary along with the official ballot results and the EXHR staff's memorandum of recommendation. (h) Where the Office of Hazard Identification and Reduction's (EXHR) initial recommendation is to grant the request for a lead content determination, it will submit the basis for that recommendation to the Commission in a memorandum to be voted on by ballot, with sufficient detail for the Commission to make an informed decision that reasonable grounds for a determination are presented. If the notice of proposed rulemaking (NPR) is published, it will invite public comment in the Federal Register. EXHR will review and evaluate any comments and supporting documentation before making its final recommendation to the Commission for final agency action, by staff memorandum submitted to the Commission. If the Commission, after review of the staff's final recommendation, determines that a material or product does not and would not exceed the lead content limits, it will decide by ballot vote, on whether to publish a final rule in the Federal Register. (i) The filing of a request for a determination does not have the effect of staying the effect of any provision or limit under the statutes and regulations enforced by the Commission. Even though a request for a determination has been filed, unless a Commission determination is issued in final form after notice and comment, materials or products subject to the lead limits under section 101 of the CPSIA must be tested in accordance with section 102 of the CPSIA, unless the testing requirement is otherwise stayed by the Commission. [74 FR 10480, Mar. 11, 2009] Sec. 1500.90 Procedures and requirements for exclusions from lead limits under section 101(b) of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act. (a) The Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act provides for specific lead limits in children's products. Section 101(a) of the CPSIA provides that by February 10, 2009, products designed or intended primarily for children 12 years of age or younger may not contain more than 600 ppm of lead. After August 14, 2009, products designed or intended primarily for children 12 years of age or younger cannot contain more than 300 ppm of lead. On August 14, 2011, the limit will be further reduced to 100 ppm, unless the Commission determines that this lower limit is not technologically feasible. Paint, coatings or electroplating may not be considered a barrier that would make the lead content of a product inaccessible to a child or prevent the absorption of any lead in the human body through normal and reasonably foreseeable use and abuse of the product. (b) Exclusion of certain materials or products and inaccessible component parts. The CPSIA provides the following functional purpose exception from the lead limits stated in section 101(a) of the CPSIA. [[Page 662]] (1) Functional purpose exception--(i) In general. The Commission, on its own initiative or upon petition by an interested party, shall grant an exception to the limit under paragraph (a) of this section for a specific product, class of product, material, or component part if the Commission, after notice and a hearing, determines that: (A) The product, class of product, material, or component part requires the inclusion of lead because it is not practicable or not technologically feasible to manufacture such product, class of product, material, or component part, as the case may be, in accordance with paragraph (a) of this section by removing the excessive lead or by making the lead inaccessible; (B) The product, class of product, material, or component part is not likely to be placed in the mouth or ingested, taking into account normal and reasonably foreseeable use and abuse of such product, class of product, material, or component part by a child; and (C) An exception for the product, class of product, material, or component part will have no measurable adverse effect on public health or safety, taking into account normal and reasonably foreseeable use and abuse. (ii) Measurement. For purposes of paragraph (b)(1)(i)(C) of this section, there is no measurable adverse effect on public health or safety if the exception described in paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section will result in no measurable increase in blood lead levels of a child. The Commission may adopt an alternative method of measurement other than blood lead levels if it determines, after notice and a hearing, that such alternative method is a better scientific method for measuring adverse effect on public health and safety. (iii) Procedures for granting exception--(A) Burden of proof. A party seeking an exception under paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section has the burden of demonstrating that it meets the requirements of such paragraph. (B) Grounds for decision. In the case where a party has petitioned for an exception, in determining whether to grant the exception, the Commission may base its decision solely on the materials presented by the party seeking the exception and any materials received through notice and a hearing. (C) Admissible evidence. In demonstrating that it meets the requirements of paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section, a party seeking an exception under such paragraph may rely on any nonproprietary information submitted by any other party seeking such an exception and such information shall be considered part of the record presented by the party that relies on that information. (D) Scope of exception. If an exception is sought for an entire product, the burden is on the petitioning party to demonstrate that the criteria in paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section are met with respect to every accessible component or accessible material of the product. (iv) Limitation on exception. If the Commission grants an exception for a product, class of product, material, or component part under paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section, the Commission may, as necessary to protect public health or safety: (A) Establish a lead limit that such product, class of product, material, or component part may not exceed; or (B) Place a manufacturing expiration date on such exception or establish a schedule after which the manufacturer of such product, class of product, material, or component part shall be in full compliance with the limit established under paragraph (b)(1)(iv)(A) of this section or the limit set forth under paragraph (a) of this section. (v) Application of exception. An exception under paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section for a product, class of product, material, or component part shall apply regardless of the date of manufacture unless the Commission expressly provides otherwise. (vi) Previously submitted petitions. A party seeking an exception under this paragraph may rely on materials previously submitted in connection with a petition for exclusion under this section. In such cases, petitioners must notify the Commission of their intent to rely on materials previously submitted. Such reliance does not affect petitioners' obligation to demonstrate that they meet all requirements of this [[Page 663]] paragraph as required by paragraph (b)(1)(iii)(A) of this section. (2) [Reserved] [74 FR 10480, Mar. 11, 2009, as amended at 78 FR 41298, July 10, 2013] Sec. 1500.91 Determinations regarding lead content for certain materials or products under section 101 of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act. (a) The Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act provides for specific lead limits in children's products. Section 101(a) of the CPSIA provides that by February 10, 2009, products designed or intended primarily for children 12 and younger may not contain more than 600 ppm of lead. After August 14, 2009, products designed or intended primarily for children 12 and younger cannot contain more than 300 ppm of lead. On August 14, 2011, the limit may be further reduced to 100 ppm, unless the Commission determines that it is not technologically feasible to have this lower limit. Paint, coatings or electroplating may not be considered a barrier that would make the lead content of a product inaccessible to a child. Materials used in products intended primarily for children 12 and younger that are treated or coated with paint or similar surface-coating materials that are subject to 16 CFR part 1303, must comply with the requirements for lead paint under section 14(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA), as amended by section 102(a) of the CPSIA. (b) Section 3 of the CPSIA grants the Commission general rulemaking authority to issue regulations, as necessary, either on its own initiative or upon the request of any interested person, to make a determination that a material or product does not exceed the lead limits as provided under paragraph (a) of this section. (c) A determination by the Commission under paragraph (b) of this section that a material or product does not contain lead levels that exceed 600 ppm, 300 ppm, or 100 ppm, as applicable, does not relieve the material or product from complying with the applicable lead limit as provided under paragraph (a) of this section if the product or material is changed or altered so that it exceeds the lead content limits. (d) The following materials do not exceed the lead content limits under section 101(a) of the CPSIA provided that these materials have neither been treated or adulterated with the addition of materials that could result in the addition of lead into the product or material: (1) Precious gemstones: diamond, ruby, sapphire, emerald. (2) Semiprecious gemstones and other minerals, provided that the mineral or material is not based on lead or lead compounds and is not associated in nature with any mineral based on lead or lead compounds (excluding any mineral that is based on lead or lead compounds including, but not limited to, the following: aragonite, bayldonite, boleite, cerussite, crocoite, galena, linarite, mimetite, phosgenite, vanadinite, and wulfenite). (3) Natural or cultured pearls. (4) Wood. (5) Paper and similar materials made from wood or other cellulosic fiber, including, but not limited to, paperboard, linerboard and medium, and coatings on such paper which become part of the substrate. (6) CMYK process printing inks (excluding spot colors, other inks that are not used in CMYK process, inks that do not become part of the substrate under 16 CFR part 1303, and inks used in after-treatment applications, including screen prints, transfers, decals, or other prints). (7) Textiles (excluding any textiles that contain treatments or applications that do not consist entirely of dyes) consisting of: (i) Natural fibers (dyed or undyed) including, but not limited to, cotton, kapok, flax, linen, jute, ramie, hemp, kenaf, bamboo, coir, sisal, silk, wool (sheep), alpaca, llama, goat (mohair, cashmere), rabbit (angora), camel, horse, yak, vicuna, qiviut, guanaco; (ii) Manufactured fibers (dyed or undyed) including, but not limited to, rayon, azlon, lyocell, acetate, triacetate, rubber, polyester, olefin, nylon, acrylic, modacrylic, aramid, spandex. (8) Other plant-derived and animal-derived materials including, but not [[Page 664]] limited to, animal glue, bee's wax, seeds, nut shells, flowers, bone, sea shell, coral, amber, feathers, fur, leather. (e) The following metals and alloys do not exceed the lead content limits under section 101(a) of the CPSIA, provided that no lead or lead- containing metal is intentionally added but does not include the non- steel or non-precious metal components of a product, such as solder or base metals in electroplate, clad, or fill applications: (1) Surgical steel and other stainless steel within the designations of Unified Numbering System, UNS S13800-S66286, not including the stainless steel designated as 303Pb (UNS S30360). (2) Precious metals: Gold (at least 10 karat); sterling silver (at least 925/1000); platinum; palladium; rhodium; osmium; iridium; ruthenium, titanium. [74 FR 43041, Aug. 26, 2009, as amended at 80 FR 61732, Oct. 14, 2015] Sec. 1500.121 Labeling requirements; prominence, placement, and conspicuousness. (a)(1) Background and scope. Section 2(p)(1) of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (FHSA) or ``the Act''), 15 U.S.C. 1261(p)(1), requires that hazardous substances bear certain cautionary statements on their labels. These statements include: signal words; affirmative statements of the principal hazard(s) associated with a hazardous substance; the common or usual name, or chemical name, of the hazardous substance; the name and place of business of the manufacturer, packer, distributor, or seller; statements of precautionary measures to follow; instructions, when appropriate, for special handling and storage; the statement ``Keep Out of the Reach of Children'' or its practical equivalent; and, when appropriate, first-aid instructions. Section 2(p)(2) of the Act specifies that all such statements shall be located prominently on the label of such a substance and shall appear in conspicuous and legible type in contrast by typography, layout, or color with other printed matter on the label. This regulation contains the Commission's interpretations and policies for the type size and placement of cautionary material on the labels of hazardous substances and contains other criteria for such cautionary statements that are acceptable to the Commission as satisfying section 2(p)(2) of the Act. Labels that do not comply with this regulation may be considered misbranded. (2) Definitions. For the purposes of this section: (i) Container means the immediate package from which a hazardous substance may be dispensed and also any article, package or wrapping, such as a tube or cone used for a firework or a wet cell battery casing containing sulfuric acid, which is necessary for the substance to function during actual use. (ii) Cautionary material, cautionary labeling, and cautionary labeling required by the Act mean all items of labeling information required by sections 2(p)(1) of the FHSA (repeated in 16 CFR 1500.3(b)(14)(i) or by the regulations which require additional labeling under section 3(b) of the Act. (iii) Display panel means any surface of the immediate container, and of any outer container or wrapping, which bears labeling. (iv) Principal display panel means the portion(s) of the surface of the immediate container, and of any outer container or wrapping, which bear(s) the labeling designed to be most prominently displayed, shown, presented, or examined under conditions of retail sale. (See paragraph (c)(1) of this section.) (v) Type size means the actual height of the printed image of each upper case or capital letter as it appears on the label of a hazardous substance. (See paragraph (c)(2) of this section.) (vi) Signal word means the appropriate word ``DANGER,'' ``WARNING,'' or ``CAUTION,'' as required by sections 2(p)(1) (C) or (D) of the Act. (vii) Statement of principal hazard(s) means that wording descriptive of the principal or primary hazard(s) associated with a hazardous substance required by section 2(p)(1)(E) of the Act. Some examples of such statements are ``HARMFUL OR FATAL IF SWALLOWED,'' ``VAPOR HARMFUL,'' ``FLAMMABLE,'' and ``SKIN AND EYE IRRITANT.'' [[Page 665]] (viii) Other cautionary material means all labeling statements, other than ``signal words'' or ``statement(s) of principal hazard(s),'' required by the Act or by regulations issued under the Act. (b) Prominent label placement. To satisfy the requirement of the Act that cautionary labeling statements shall appear ``prominently'' on the label of a hazardous substance, all such statements shall be placed on the label as follows: (1) Horizontal placement of labeling statements. Except for the name and place of business of the manufacturer, packer, distributor, or seller, all cautionary material required by the Act shall appear in lines that are generally parallel to any base on which the package rests as it is designed to be displayed for sale or, on display panels other than the principal display panel, in lines generally parallel to all other labeling on that panel. This requirement does not apply to labeling on collapsible tubes, cylindrical containers with a narrow diameter, or F-type containers where both the ``front'' and ``back'' of the container are principal display panels. (See paragraph (e) of this section.) (2) Principal display panel labeling. (i) All items of cautionary labeling required by the Act may appear on the principal display panel on the immediate container and, if appropriate, on any other container or wrapper. See paragraph (b)(4) of this section for requirements and exceptions for labeling outer containers and wrappings. (ii) The signal word, the statement of principal hazard(s), and, if appropriate, instructions to read carefully any cautionary material that may be placed elsewhere on the label shall be blocked together within a square or rectangular area, with or without a border, on the principal display panel on the immediate container and, where required by paragraph (b)(4) of this section, on any outer container or wrapping. All cautionary statements placed on the principal display panel shall be separated on all sides from other printed or graphic matter, with the exception of the declaration of net contents required under the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act, 15 U.S.C. 1453(a) (2) and (3), by a border line or by a space no smaller than the minimum allowable height of the type size for cautionary material required by the Act (exclusive of signal words and statements of hazard) on the principal display panel. (iii) Depending on the design of the package or the configuration of the label, or both, a package may have more than one principal display panel. If so, each principal display panel must bear, at a minimum, the signal word, statement of principal hazard or hazards, and, if appropriate, instructions to read carefully any cautionary material that may be placed elsewhere on the label. (A) Where the principal display panel of the immediate container consists of a lid, cap, or other item which may be separated from the immediate container and discarded, the container shall be deemed to have a second principal display panel elsewhere on the immediate container which must bear, at a minimum, the signal word, statement of principal hazard(s), and instructions, if appropriate, to read any cautionary material which may be placed elsewhere on the label. (3) Prominent label placement--other display panel labeling. All items of cautionary labeling required by the Act which do not appear on the principal display panel shall be placed together on a display panel elsewhere on the container. The name and place of business of the manufacturer, packer, distributor, or seller may appear separately on any display panel. Where cautionary material appears on a display panel other than the principal display panel, the principal display panel shall bear the statement ``Read carefully other cautions on the ___ panel,'' or its practical equivalent. [A description of the location of the other panel is to be inserted in the blank space.] (4) Outer container or wrappings. All cautionary labeling appearing on the immediate container of a hazardous substance shall also appear on any outer container or wrapping used in the retail display of the substance, in the same manner as required for the immediate container. Those cautionary labeling statements appearing on the immediate container which are [[Page 666]] clearly legible through any outer container or wrapper used in retail display need not appear on the outer container or wrapping itself. (See section 2(n)(1) of the Act.) (5) Placement of the word ``Poison'' and the skull and crossbones symbol. The word ``poison'' and, when appropriate, the skull and crossbones symbol shall appear on the label of a hazardous substance as follows: (i) If a hazardous substance is ``highly toxic,'' as defined in Sec. 1500.3(c)(i) and section 2(h)(1) of the FHSA, the label must bear the word ``poison'' in accordance with section 2(p)(1)(H) of the Act, in addition to the signal word ``DANGER,'' and must also bear the skull and crossbones symbol. Some products, under Sec. 1500.14(b) of the regulations, may, in addition to any required signal word, be required to bear the word ``poison'' and the skull and crossbones symbol because of the special hazard associated with their ingredients. In both instances, the word ``poison'' and the skull and crossbones symbol need not appear on the principal display panel on the container, unless all other cautionary labeling required by the Act appears on the principal display panel. The word ``poison'' and the skull and crossbones symbol, when required, must appear either together with other cautionary labeling on a display panel other than the principal display panel or together with the signal word and statement(s) of principal hazard on the principal display panel. (ii) Where, pursuant to a regulation issued under section 3(b) of the Act, the label of a hazardous substance requires the word ``poison'' instead of a signal word, the word, ``POISON'' shall appear in capital letters on the principal display panel, together with the statement(s) of the principal hazard. Certain substances for which the word ``poison'' is required instead of any signal word are listed in Sec. 1500.129. (c) Conspicuousness--type size and style. To satisfy the requirement that cautionary labeling statements under the Act be conspicuous and legible, such statements shall conform to the following requirements: (1) Area of principal display panel. The area of the principal display panel is the area of the side or surface of the immediate container, or of the side or surface of any outer container or wrapping, that bears the labeling designed to be most prominently displayed, shown, presented, or examined under conditions of retail sale. This area is not limited to the portion of the surface covered with labeling; rather, it includes the entire surface. Flanges at the tops and bottoms of cans, conical shoulders of cans, handles, and shoulders and necks of bottles and jars are excluded in measuring the area. For the purposes of determining the proper type size for cautionary labeling, the area of the principal display panel (or other panel bearing cautionary labeling, under paragraph (c)(2)(ii) of this section) is to be computed as follows: (i) In the case of a rectangular package, where one entire side is the principal display panel, the product of the height times the width of that side shall be the area of the principal display panel. (ii) In the case of a cylindrical or nearly cylindrical container or tube on which the principal display panel appears on the side, the area of the principal display panel shall be 40 percent of the product of the height of the container times its circumference. (iii) In the case of any other shape of container, the area of the principal display panel shall be 40 percent of the total surface of the container, excluding those areas, such as flanges at tops and bottoms, specified in paragraph (c)(1) above. However, if such a container presents an obvious principal display panel (such as an oval or hour- glass shaped area on the side of a container for dishwashing detergent), the area to be measured shall be the entire area of the obvious principal display panel. (2) Type-size requirements. (i) The term type size refers to the height of the actual printed image of each upper case or capital letter as it appears on the label. The size of cautionary labeling shall be reasonably related to the type size of any other printing appearing on the same panel, but in any case must meet the minimum size requirements in table 1. (ii) When an item of labeling is required to be in a specified type size, all upper case, or capital, letters must be [[Page 667]] at least equal in height to the required type size, and all other letters must be the same style as the upper case or capital letters. Unless otherwise specified in the regulations (examples appear at Sec. Sec. 1500.14(b)(6), 1512.19, 1508.9, and part 1505), the type size of all cautionary statements appearing on any display panel shall comply with the specifications in table 1 when the area of the display panel is measured by the method in paragraph (c)(1) above: Table I Area of principal display panel in square inches............. 0-2 means ``greater than.'' * minimum height of printed image of capital or upper case letters. ** including the word ``poison'' when required instead of a signal word by Section 3(b) of the Act (Sec. 1500.129). *** size of lettering for other cautionary material is based on the area of the display panel on which such cautionary material appears. (iii) If all of the required cautionary labeling does not appear on the principal display panel, the statement to ``Read carefully other cautions on the ___ panel,'' or its practical equivalent, must appear in, as a minimum, the same type size as that required in table 1 for the other cautionary material which appears elsewhere on the label of a hazardous substance. The size of the cautionary labeling that does not appear on the principal display panel is determined by the area of the panel on which it does appear. (3) Type style--proportion. The ratio of the height of a capital or uppercase letter to its width shall be such that the height of the letter is no more than 3 times its width. (4) Signal word and statements of hazard--capital letters. The signal word, the word ``poison'' if required instead of a signal word (see Sec. 1500.129), and the statement of principal hazard or hazards shall be in capital letters. (5) Multiple statement of hazard--type size and style. All statements of principal hazard or hazards on a label shall appear in the same size and style of type, and shall appear in the same color or have the same degree of boldness. (6) Accompanying literature containing directions for use. Where literature accompanying the package of a hazardous substance has directions for use, written or otherwise, section 2(n) of the Act requires the literature to bear cautionary labeling. (i) All such cautionary labeling shall be in reasonable proximity to any direction for use and shall be placed together within the same general area. (ii) The type size of such cautionary labeling shall be reasonably related to the type size of any other printed matter in the accompanying literature and must be in conspicuous and legible type by typography, layout, or color with other printed matter on the label. The signal word and statement of principal hazard or hazards shall appear in capital letters. (d) Conspicuousness--contrast. To satisfy the requirement that cautionary labeling statements appear in conspicuous and legible type which is in contrast by typography, layout, or color with the other printed matter on the label, such statements shall conform to the following requirements: (1) Color. Where color is the primary method used to achieve appropriate contrast, the color of any cautionary labeling statement shall be in sharp contrast with the color of the background upon which such a statement appears. Examples of combinations of colors which may not satisfy the requirement for sharp contrast are: black letters on a dark blue or dark green background, dark red letters on a light red background, light red letters on a reflective silver background, and white letters on a light gray or tan background. (2) Interference with conspicuousness--labeling design, vignettes, or other printed material. For cautionary information appearing on panels other than the [[Page 668]] principal display panel, the label design, the use of vignettes, or the proximity of other labeling or lettering shall not be such that any cautionary labeling statement is obscured or rendered inconspicuous. (e) Collapsible metal tubes. Collapsible metal tubes containing hazardous substances shall be labeled so that all cautionary labeling required by the Act appears as close to the dispensing end of the container as possible. The placement and conspicuousness of these statements shall conform to the provisions of paragraphs (b), (c), and (d) of this section. (f) Unpackaged hazardous substances. Where practicable, unpackaged hazardous substances intended, or distributed in a form suitable, for use in or around a household or by children shall be labeled so that all items of information required by the Act appear upon the article itself. In instances where this is impracticable (for example, because of the size or nature of the article), the required cautionary labeling must be displayed by means of a tag or other suitable material that is no less than five square inches in area and is securely affixed to the article so that the labeling will remain attached throughout conditions of merchandising and distribution to the ultimate consumer. The placement and conspicuousness of all cautionary labeling appearing on such a tag or material, or on an unpackaged article, shall conform to the provisions of paragraphs (b), (c), and (d) of this section. For the purposes of determining the proper type size to use on a tag or other material, the area of one side of the tag or other material shall be the area of the principal display panel. (g) Exemptions. All requirements of the Act are satisfied by compliance with this Sec. 1500.121. However, exemptions can be granted under section 3(c) of the Act and Sec. 1500.83, or under the provisions of another statute should this section be incorporated in regulations under another statute. Section 1500.82 contains the requirements for exemption requests under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act. (h) Effective date. The provisions of this rule apply to hazardous substances bearing labels printed after December 30, 1985. Labels printed prior to the effective date of this rule may be applied until not later than December 28, 1987. This rule applies to all hazardous substances to which labels are applied after December 28, 1987. [49 FR 50383, Dec. 28, 1984] Sec. 1500.122 Deceptive use of disclaimers. A hazardous substance shall not be deemed to have met the requirements of section 2(p) (1) and (2) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14) (i) and (ii)) if there appears in or on the label (or in any accompanying literature; words, statements, designs, or other graphic material that in any manner negates or disclaims any of the label statements required by the act; for example, the statement ``Harmless'' or ``Safe around pets'' on a toxic or irritant substance. Sec. 1500.123 Condensation of label information. Whenever the statement of the principal hazard or hazards itself provides the precautionary measures to be followed or avoided, a clear statement of the principal hazard will satisfy the requirements of section 2(p)(1) (E) and (F) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)(i) (E) and (F)). When the statement of precautionary measures in effect provides instruction for first-aid treatment, the statement of the precautionary measures will satisfy the requirements of section 2(p)(1) (F) and (G) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)(i) (F) and (G)). Sec. 1500.125 Labeling requirements for accompanying literature. When any accompanying literature includes or bears any directions for use (by printed word, picture, design, or combination thereof), such placard, pamphlet, booklet, book, sign, or other graphic or visual device shall bear all the information required by section 2(p) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)). Sec. 1500.126 Substances determined to be ``special hazards.'' Whenever the Commission determines that for a particular hazardous substance intended or packaged in a [[Page 669]] form suitable for use in the household or by children, the requirements of section 2(p) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)) are not adequate for the protection of the public health and safety because of some special hazard, the Commission, by an appropriate order in the Federal Register, shall specify such reasonable variations or additional label requirements that it finds are necessary for the protection of the public health and safety. Such order shall specify a date that is not less than 90 days after the order is published (unless emergency conditions stated in the order specify an earlier date) after which any such hazardous substance intended, or packaged in a form suitable, for use in the household or by children that fails to bear a label in accordance with such order shall be deemed to be a misbranded hazardous substance. Sec. 1500.127 Substances with multiple hazards. (a) Any article that presents more than one type of hazard (for example, if the article is both toxic and flammable) must be labeled with: An affirmative statement of each such hazard; the precautionary measures describing the action to be followed or avoided for each such hazard; instructions, when necessary or appropriate, for first-aid treatment of persons suffering from the ill effects that may result from each such hazard; instructions for handling and storage of articles that require special care in handling and storage because of more than one type of hazard presented by the article; and the common or usual name (or the chemical name if there is no common or usual name) for each hazardous component present in the article. (b) Label information referring to the possibility of one hazard may be combined with parallel information concerning any additional hazards presented by the article if the resulting condensed statement contains all of the information needed for dealing with each type of hazard presented by the article. [38 FR 27012, Sept. 27, 1973; 38 FR 30105, Nov. 1, 1973] Sec. 1500.128 Label comment. The Commission will offer informal comment on any proposed label and accompanying literature involving a hazardous substance if furnished with: (a) Complete labeling or proposed labeling, which may be in draft form. (b) Complete quantitative formula. (c) Adequate clinical pharmacological, toxicological, physical, and chemical data applicable to the possible hazard of the substance. (d) Any other information available that would facilitate preparation of a suitable label, such as complaints of injuries resulting from the product's use or other evidence that would furnish human-experience data. Sec. 1500.129 Substances named in the Federal Caustic Poison Act. The Commission finds that for those substances covered by the Federal Caustic Poison Act (44 Stat. 1406), the requirements of section 2(p)(1) of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)(i)) are not adequate for the protection of the public health. Labeling for those substances, in the concentrations listed in the Federal Caustic Poison Act, were required to bear the signal word ``poison.'' The Commission concludes that the lack of the designation ``poison'' would indicate to the consumer a lesser hazard and that such would not be in the interest of the public health. Under the authority granted in section 3(b) of the act, the Commission therefore finds that for the following substances, and at the following concentrations, the word ``poison'' is necessary instead of any signal word: (a) Hydrochloric acid and any preparation containing free or chemically unneutralized hydrochloric acid (HCl) in a concentration of 10 percent or more. (b) Sulfuric acid and any preparation containing free or chemically unneutralized sulfuric acid (H2 SO4) in a concentration of 10 percent or more. (c) Nitric acid or any preparation containing free or chemically unneutralized nitric acid (HNO3) in a concentration of 5 percent or more. (d) Carbolic acid (C6 H5 OH), also known as phenol, and any preparation [[Page 670]] containing carbolic acid in a concentration of 5 percent or more. (e) Oxalic acid and any preparation containing free or chemically unneutralized oxalic acid (H2 C2 O4) in a concentration of 10 percent or more. (f) Any salt of oxalic acid and any preparation containing any such salt in a concentration of 10 percent or more. (g) Acetic acid or any preparation containing free or chemically unneutralized acetic acid (HC2 H2 O2) in a concentration of 20 percent or more. (h) Hypochlorous acid, either free or combined, and any preparation containing the same in a concentration that will yield 10 percent or more by weight of available chlorine. (i) Potassium hydroxide and any preparation containing free or chemically unneutralized potassium hydroxide (KOH), including caustic potash and vienna paste (vienna caustic), in a concentration of 10 percent or more. (j) Sodium hydroxide and any preparation containing free or chemically unneutralized sodium hydroxide (NaOH), including caustic soda and lye in a concentration of 10 percent or more. (k) Silver nitrate, sometimes known as lunar caustic, and any preparation containing silver nitrate (AgNO3) in a concentration of 5 percent or more. (l) Ammonia water and any preparation containing free or chemically uncombined ammonia (NH3), including ammonium hydroxide and ``hartshorn,'' in a concentration of 5 percent or more. Sec. 1500.130 Self-pressurized containers: labeling. (a) Self-pressurized containers that fail to bear a warning statement adequate for the protection of the public health and safety may be misbranded under the act, except as otherwise provided pursuant to section 3 of the act. (b) The following warning statement will be considered as meeting the requirements of section 2(p)(1) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)(i)) if the only hazard associated with an article is that the contents are under pressure: warning--contents under pressure Do not puncture or incinerate container. Do not expose to heat or store at temperatures above 120 [deg]F. Keep out of the reach of children. The word ``CAUTION'' may be substituted for the word ``WARNING''. A practical equivalent may be substituted for the statement ``Keep out of the reach of children.'' (c) That portion of the warning statement set forth in paragraph (b) of this section in capital letters should be printed on the main (front) panel of the container in capital letters of the type size specified in Sec. 1500.121(c). The balance of the cautionary statements may appear together on another panel if the front panel also bears a statement such as ``Read carefully other cautions on _____ panel.'' (d) If an article has additional hazards, such as skin or eye irritancy, toxicity, or flammability, appropriate additional front and rear panel precautionary labeling is required. Sec. 1500.133 Extremely flammable contact adhesives; labeling. (a) Extremely flammable contact adhesives, also known as contact bonding cements, when distributed in containers intended or suitable for household use may be misbranded under the act if the containers fail to bear a warning statement adequate for the protection of the public health and safety. (b) The following warning statement is considered as the minimum cautionary labeling adequate to meet the requirements of section 2(p)(1) of the act (repeated in Sec. 1500.3(b)(14)(i)) with respect to containers of more than one-half pint of contact adhesive and similar liquid or semiliquid articles having a flashpoint at or below 20 [deg]F. as determined by the method in Sec. 1500.43, when the only hazard foreseeable is that caused by the extreme flammability of the mixture: Danger Extremely Flammable Vapors May Cause Flash Fire Vapors may ignite explosively. Prevent buildup of vapors--open all windows and doors--use only with cross-ventilation. Keep away from heat, sparks, and open flame. [[Page 671]] Do not smoke, extinguish all flames and pilot lights, and turn off stoves, heaters, electric motors, and other sources of ignition during use and until all vapors are gone. Close container after use. Keep out of the reach of children. (c) The words that are in capital letters in the warning statement set forth in paragraph (b) of this section should be printed on the main (front) panel or panels of the container in capital letters of the type size specified in Sec. 1500.121(c). The balance of the cautionary information may appear together on another panel provided the front panel bears a statement such as ``Read carefully other cautions on ___ panel,'' the blank being filled in with the identification of the specific label panel bearing the balance of the cautionary labeling. It is recommended that a borderline be used in conjunction with the cautionary labeling. (d) If an article has additional hazards, or contains ingredients listed in Sec. 1500.14 as requiring special labeling, appropriate additional front and rear panel precautionary labeling is required. (e) Since the Commission has issued a regulation banning under the Consumer Product Safety Act extremely flammable contact adhesives covered by this labeling regulation (sec. 16 CFR part 1302), paragraphs (a), (b), (c) and (d) of this section are revoked as to the subject products after June 13, 1978. [38 FR 27012, Sept. 27, 1973, as amended at 42 FR 63742, Dec. 19, 1977] Sec. 1500.134 Policy on first aid labeling for saline emesis. (a) This section states the Consumer Product Safety Commission's policy concerning first aid instructions for the use of a salt solution to induce vomiting (saline emesis) in the event of ingestion of hazardous substances. (b) In many cases where hazardous substances are ingested, the recommended first aid instructions for inducing vomiting have contained a statement that this should be accomplished by drinking a solution of salt (sodium chloride) in warm water. At one time, this direction was considered medically acceptable. However, the Commission has obtained information showing that the instruction to perform saline emesis is no longer appropriate. This is because the use of salt to induce vomiting can cause severe hypernatremia (salt poisoning) with potentially toxic effects, particularly in children 5 years old or younger, the age group most often involved in accidental poisonings. In view of the availability of safer and more effective emetics such as ipecac syrup, the Commission no longer recommends a direction to perform saline emesis as a first aid direction for inducing vomiting. (c) The Commission believes that, for products for which directions for saline emesis have been given in the past, ipecac syrup, U.S.P., is the most appropriate emetic, unless a particular contraindication exists in connection with any particular hazardous substance. (d) The Commission wishes to emphasize that this policy does not require that any specific first aid instruction or wording be used. Where appropriate, the label may include directions (1) that the victim immediately contact a doctor or poison control center and/or (2) that vomiting be induced using methods other than salt. It is, of course, the manufacturer's responsibility to insure that the label provides enough information in addition to first aid instructions to fulfill all other labeling required by statute or regulation. (Sec. 30(a), 86 Stat. 1231 (15 U.S.C. 2079(a))) [43 FR 33704, Aug. 1, 1978] Sec. 1500.135 Summary of guidelines for determining chronic toxicity. A substance may be toxic due to a risk of a chronic hazard. (A regulatory definition of ``toxic'' that pertains to chronic toxicity may be found at 16 CFR 1500.3(c)(2).) The following discussions are intended to help clarify the complex issues involved in assessing risk from substances that may potentially cause chronic hazards and, where possible, to describe conditions under which substances should be considered toxic due to a risk of the specified chronic hazards. The guidelines are not intended to be a static classification system, but should be considered along with available data and with expert judgment. They are not mandatory. Rather, the guidelines are intended as [[Page 672]] an aid to manufacturers in determining whether a product subject to the FHSA presents a chronic hazard. All default assumptions contained in the guidelines on hazard and risk determination are subject to replacement when alternatives which are supported by appropriate data become available. The following are brief summaries of more extensive discussions contained in the guidelines. Thus, the guidelines should be consulted in conjunction with these summaries. Copies of the guidelines may be obtained from the Office of Compliance and Enforcement, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207. (In addition to the chronic hazards discussed below, issues relating to the chronic hazard of sensitization are discussed in 16 CFR 1500.3(c)(5).) (a) Carcinogenicity. Substances are toxic by reason of their potential carcinogenicity in humans when they are known or probable human carcinogenic substances as defined below. Substances that are possible human carcinogenic substances or for which there is no evidence of carcinogenic effect under the following categories lack sufficient evidence to be considered toxic by virtue of their potential carcinogenicity. (1) Known Human carcinogenic Substances (``sufficient evidence'' in humans). Substances are toxic by reason of their carcinogenicity when they meet the ``sufficient evidence'' criteria of carcinogenicity from studies in humans, which require that a causal relationship between exposure to an agent and cancer be established. This category is similar to the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Group A, the International Agency for Research on Cancer's (IARC) Group 1, or the American National Standards Institute's (ANSI) Category 1. A causal relationship is established if one or more epidemiological investigations that meet the following criteria show an association between cancer and exposure to the agent. (i) No identified bias that can account for the observed association has been found on evaluation of the evidence. (ii) All possible confounding factors which could account for the observed association can be ruled out with reasonable confidence. (iii) Based on statistical analysis, the association has been shown unlikely to be due to chance. (2) Probable Human Carcinogenic Substances. Substances are also toxic by reason of their probable carcinogenicity when they meet the ``limited evidence'' criteria of carcinogenicity in humans or the ``sufficient evidence'' criteria of carcinogenicity in animals described below. This category is similar to EPA's Group B, IARC's Group 2, or ANSI's Categories 2 and 3. Evidence derived from animal studies that has been shown not to be relevant to humans is not included. For example, such evidence would result when there was an identified mechanism of action for a chemical that causes cancer in animals that has been shown not to apply to the human situation. It is reasonable, for practical purposes, to regard an agent for which there is ``sufficient'' evidence of carcinogenicity in animals as if it presented a carcinogenic risk to humans. (i) ``Limited evidence'' of carcinogenicity in humans. The evidence is considered limited for establishing a causal relationship between exposure to the agent and cancer when a causal interpretation is credible, but chance, bias, or other confounding factors could not be ruled out with reasonable confidence. (ii) ``Sufficient evidence'' of carcinogenicity in animals. Sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity requires that the substance has been tested in well-designed and -conducted studies (e.g., as conducted by National Toxicology Program (NTP), or consistent with the Office of Science Technology Assessment and Policy (OSTP) guidelines) and has been found to elicit a statistically significant (p <0.05) exposure-related increase in the incidence of malignant tumors, combined malignant and benign tumors, or benign tumors if there is an indication of the ability of such benign tumors to progress to malignancy: (A) In one or both sexes of multiple species, strains, or sites of independent origin; or experiments using different routes of administration or dose levels; or [[Page 673]] (B) To an unusual degree in a single experiment (one species/strain/ sex) with regard to unusual tumor type, unusual tumor site, or early age at onset of the tumor. The presence of positive effects in short-term tests, dose-response effects data, or structure-activity relationship are considered additional evidence. (3) Possible Human Carcinogenic Substance (``limited evidence'' animal carcinogen). In the absence of ``sufficient'' or ``limited'' human data, agents with ``limited'' evidence of carcinogenicity from animal studies fall into this category. Such substances, and those that do not fall into any other group, are not considered ``toxic.'' This does not imply that the substances are or are not carcinogens, only that the evidence is too uncertain to provide for a determination. This category is similar to EPA's Group C, IARC's Group 3, or ANSI's category 4. (b) Neurotoxicity. Substances are toxic by reason of their potential neurotoxicity in humans when they meet the ``sufficient evidence'' or ``limited evidence'' criteria of neurotoxicity in humans, or when they meet the ``sufficient evidence'' criteria of neurotoxicity in animals. (1) Known Neurotoxic Substances (``sufficient evidence in humans''). Substances are toxic by reason of their neurotoxicity and are considered ``known neurotoxic substances'' when they meet the ``sufficient evidence'' criteria of neurotoxicity derived from studies in humans which require that a causal association between exposure to an agent and neurotoxicity be established with a reasonable degree of certainty. Substances in this category meet the definition of ``neurotoxic'' as stated above. ``Sufficient evidence,'' derived from human studies, for a causal association between exposure to a chemical and neurotoxicity is considered to exist if the studies meet the following criteria. (i) A consistent pattern of neurological dysfunction is observed. (ii) The adverse effects/lesions account for the neurobehavioral dysfunction with reasonable certainty. (iii) All identifiable bias and confounding factors are reasonably discounted after consideration. (iv) The association has been shown unlikely to be due to chance, based on statistical analysis. (2) Probable Neurotoxic Substances. Substances are also toxic by reason of their probable neurotoxicity when they meet the ``limited evidence'' criteria of neurotoxicity in humans, or the ``sufficient evidence'' criteria derived from animal studies. Evidence derived from animal studies that has been shown not to be relevant to humans is not included. Such evidence would result, for example, when there was an identified mechanism of action for a chemical that causes neurotoxicity in animals that has been shown not to apply to the human situation. (i) ``Limited evidence'' of neurotoxicity in humans. The evidence derived from human studies is considered limited for neurotoxicity when the evidence is less than convincing, i.e., one of the criteria of ``sufficient evidence'' of neurotoxicity for establishing a causal association between exposure to the agent and neurotoxicity is not met, leaving some uncertainties in establishing a causal association. (ii) ``Sufficient evidence'' of neurotoxicity in animals. Sufficient evidence of neurotoxicity derived from animal studies for a causal association between exposure to a chemical and neurotoxicity requires that: (A) The substance has been tested in well-designed and -conducted studies (e.g., NTP's neurobehavioral battery, or conforming to EPA's neurotoxicity test guidelines); and (B) The substance has been found to elicit a statistically significant (p <0.05) increase in any neurotoxic effect in one or both sexes of multiple species, strains, or experiments using different routes of administration and dose-levels. (3) Possible Neurotoxic Substances. ``Possible neurotoxic substances'' are the substances which meet the ``limited evidence'' criteria of neurotoxicity evidence derived from animal studies in the absence of human data, or in the presence of inadequate human data, or data which do not fall into any other group. Substances in this category are not considered ``toxic.'' (c) Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity--(1) Definitions of ``Sufficient'' [[Page 674]] and ``Limited'' Evidence. The following definitions apply to all categories stated below. (i) ``Sufficient evidence'' from human studies for a causal association between human exposure and the subsequent occurrence of developmental or reproductive toxicity is considered to exist if the studies meet the following criteria: (A) No identified bias that can account for the observed association has been found on evaluation of the evidence. (B) All possible confounding factors which could account for the observed association can be ruled out with reasonable confidence. (C) Based on statistical analysis, the association has been shown unlikely to be due to chance. (ii) ``Limited evidence'' from human studies exists when the human epidemiology meets all but one of the criteria for ``sufficient evidence''; i.e., the statistical evidence is borderline as opposed to clear-cut, there is a source of bias, or there are confounding factors that have not been and cannot be accounted for. (iii) ``Sufficient evidence'' from animal studies exists when (A) Obtained from a good quality animal study; and (B) The substance has been found to elicit a statistically significant (p<0.05) treatment-related increase in multiple endpoints in a single species/strain, or in the incidence of a single endpoint at multiple dose levels or with multiple routes of administration in a single species/strain, or increase in the incidence of a single endpoint in multiple species/strains/ experiments. (iv) ``Limited evidence'' from animal studies exists when: (A) Obtained from a good quality study and there is a statistically significant (p<0.05) treatment-related increase in the incidence of a single endpoint in a single species/strain/experiment at a single dose level administered through only one route and such evidence otherwise does not meet the criteria for ``sufficient evidence''; or (B) The evidence is derived from studies which can be interpreted to show positive effects but have some qualitative or quantitative limitations with respect to experimental procedures (e.g., doses, exposure, follow-up, number of animals/group, reporting of the data, etc.) which would prevent classification of the evidence in the group of ``sufficient evidence.'' (2) Developmental Toxicants. Substances are toxic by reason of their potential developmental or reproductive toxicity when they meet the ``sufficient evidence'' or ``limited evidence'' criteria of developmental or reproductive toxicity in humans, or when they meet the ``sufficient evidence'' criteria of developmental or reproductive toxicity in animals. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Economic Community (EEC) have developed categories for teratogens but not other developmental toxicants. The teratogen guidelines limit the information only to structural birth defects and do not include other hazards of developmental toxicity such as embryonal death, fetal death, or functional deficiencies which are also important in assessing the overall toxicity of a substance when administered during pregnancy. Recently, EPA has proposed a system for classifying developmental toxicity. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has not yet developed any classification for developmental toxicity. The commission has established the following categories for determination of developmental toxicity according to the available evidence. (i) Known Human Developmental Toxicant (``sufficient evidence in humans''). A substance is considered a ``known human developmental toxicant'' if there is ``sufficient'' human evidence to establish a causal association between human exposure and the subsequent occurrence of developmental toxicity manifested by death of the conceptus (embryo or fetus), or structural or functional birth defects. This category (Human Developmental Toxicant) is comparable to category 1 of the EEC and categories D and X of FDA, except that these guidelines are limited to teratogens. This category is also comparable to the category ``definitive evidence for human developmental toxicity'' proposed by EPA. (ii) Probable Human Developmental Toxicant. A substance is considered a [[Page 675]] ``probable human developmental toxicant'' if there is ``limited'' human evidence or ``sufficient'' animal evidence to establish a causal association between human exposure and subsequent occurrence of developmental toxicity. This group (Probable Human Developmental Toxicant) is comparable to the category ``adequate evidence for human developmental toxicity'' proposed by EPA. This category is also comparable to category 2 of the EEC and category A1 of FDA, except that these guidelines are limited to teratogens. (iii) Possible Human Developmental Toxicant. A substance is considered a ``possible human developmental toxicant'' if there is ``limited'' animal evidence, in the absence of human data, or in the presence of inadequate human data, or which does not fall into any other group, to establish a causal association between human exposure and subsequent occurrence of developmental toxicity. EEC, FDA, and EPA have not developed a category comparable to this group. The Commission believes that data from well planned animal studies are important to consider even though they may provide only limited evidence of developmental toxicity. (3) Male Reproductive Toxicants. Male reproductive toxicants can be grouped into the following different categories based on evidence obtained from human or animal studies. (i) Known Human Male Reproductive Toxicant. A substance is considered a ``known human male reproductive toxicant'' if there is ``sufficient'' human evidence to establish a causal association between human exposure and the adverse effects on male reproductive main endpoints which are mating ability, fertility, and prenatal and postnatal development of the conceptus. This category is comparable to the one termed ``Known Positive'' in the EPA guidelines on male reproductive risk assessment. (ii) Probable Human Male Reproductive Toxicant. A substance is considered a ``probable human male reproductive toxicant'' if there is ``limited'' human evidence or ``sufficient'' animal evidence to establish a causal association between human exposure and the adverse effects on male reproductive main endpoints. This category is comparable to the one termed ``Probable Positive'' in the EPA guidelines on male reproductive risk assessment. However, the EPA category is based only on sufficient animal evidence. CPSC believes that limited human evidence is also sufficient for a chemical to be placed in this category. (iii) Possible Human Male Reproductive Toxicant. A substance is considered a ``possible human male reproductive toxicant'' if there is limited animal evidence, in the absence of human data, or in the presence of inadequate human data, or which does not fall into any other group, to establish a causal association between human exposure and adverse effects on male reproductive main endpoints. This category is comparable to the one termed ``Possible Positive A'' in the EPA guidelines on male reproductive risk assessment. EPA proposes to use either limited human or limited animal evidence data to classify a toxicant as a ``Possible Positive A'' toxicant. As described above, CPSC would elevate limited human evidence to the category ``Probable Human Male Reproductive Toxicant.'' (4) Female Reproductive Toxicants. Female reproductive toxicants can be grouped into the following different categories based on evidence obtained from human or animal studies. EPA has proposed guidelines for assessing female reproductive risk but has not yet proposed a specific system for categorization of female reproductive toxicants. (i) Known Human Female Reproductive Toxicant. A substance is considered a ``known human female reproductive toxicant'' if there is ``sufficient'' human evidence to establish a causal association between human exposure and adverse effects on female reproductive function such as mating ability, fertility, and prenatal and postnatal development of the conceptus. (ii) Probable Human Female Reproductive Toxicant. A substance is considered a ``probable human female reproductive toxicant'' if there is ``limited'' human evidence or ``sufficient'' animal [[Page 676]] evidence to establish a causal association between human exposure and adverse effects on female reproductive function. (iii) Possible Human Female Reproductive Toxicant. A substance is considered a ``possible human female reproductive toxicant'' if there is ``limited'' animal evidence, in the absence of human data, or in the presence of inadequate human data, or which does not fall into any other group, to establish a causal association between human exposure and adverse effects on female reproductive function. (d) Other Subjects Related to the Determination that a Substance is Toxic. Under the FHSA, for a toxic substance to be considered hazardous, it must not only have the potential to be hazardous but there must also be the potential that persons are exposed to the substance, that the substance can enter the body, and that there is a significant risk of an adverse health effect associated with the customary handling and use of the substance. Under these guidelines, existence of an adverse health effect means that such exposure is above the ``acceptable daily intake'' (``ADI''). The ADI is based on the risks posed by the substance, and whether they are acceptable under the FHSA. This section addresses those issues by providing guidelines concerning assessment of exposure, assessment of bioavailability, determination of acceptable risks and the ADI to children and adults, and assessment of risk. (1) Assessment of Exposure. An exposure assessment may comprise a single exposure scenario or a distribution of exposures. Reasonably foreseeable use, as well as accidental exposure, should be taken into consideration when designing exposure studies. The following guidelines should be used in the assessment of exposure. (i) Inhalation. Inhalation studies to assess exposure should be reliable studies using direct monitoring of populations, predictions of exposure through modeling, or surrogate data. (A) Direct Monitoring. Populations to be monitored should be selected randomly to be representative of the general population, unless the exposure of a particular subset population is the desired goal of the assessment. The monitoring technique should be appropriate for the health effect of interest. (B) Modeling. Predictions of exposure to a chemical using mathematical models can be based on physical and chemical principles, such as mass balance principles. Mass balance models should consider the source strength of the product of interest, housing characteristics, and ambient conditions likely to be encountered by the studied population. (C) Surrogate Data. Surrogate data should only be used when data concerning the chemical of interest are sparse or unavailable and when there is a reasonable assurance that the surrogate data will accurately represent the chemical of interest. (ii) Oral Ingestion. Oral ingestion studies may involve direct monitoring of sources of chemicals as well as laboratory simulations. The estimation of exposure from ingestion of chemicals present in consumer products is predicted based upon estimates of use of the product and absorption of the chemical from the gastrointestinal tract. The following criteria should be established for laboratory simulations to estimate exposure: (A) A simulant or range of simulants should be carefully selected to mimic the possible range of conditions which occur in humans, such as full and empty stomachs, or various saliva compositions at different times of the day. (B) The mechanical action to which a product is submitted must be chosen to represent some range of realistic conditions to which a human may subject the product. (iii) Dermal Exposure. (A) Dermal exposure involves estimating the amount of substance contacting the skin. This may involve experiments measuring the amount of material leached from a product contacting a liquid layer which interfaces with the skin, or the amount of substance which migrates from a product (in solid or liquid form) which is in contact with the skin. (B) Parameters to be considered include: Surface area of the skin contacted, duration of contact, frequency of contact, and thickness of a liquid interfacial layer. [[Page 677]] (2) Assessment of Bioavailability. (i) The need to consider bioavailability in estimating the risk from use of a product containing a toxic substance only arises when it is anticipated that the absorption characteristics of a substance to which there is human exposure will differ from those characteristics for the substance tested in the studies used to define the dose-response relationship. (ii) In determining the need to assess bioavailability, the factors to be examined include: (A) The physical or chemical form of the substance, (B) The route of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or through the skin), (C) The presence of other constituents in the product which interfere with or alter absorption of the toxic substance, and (D) Dose. (3) Assessment of Risk. This section on quantitative risk assessment applies to estimates of risk for substances that are toxic by reason of their carcinogenicity. (i) Generally, the study leading to the highest risk should be used in the risk assessment; however, other factors may influence the choice of study. (ii) Risk should be based on the maximum likelihood estimate from a multistage model (such as Global83 or later version) unless the maximum likelihood estimate is not linear at low dose, in which case the 95% upper confidence limit on risk should be used. (iii) For systemic carcinogens, if estimates of human risk are made based on animal data, a factor derived from dividing the assumed human weight (70 kg) by the average animal weight during the study and taking that to the \1/3\ power should be used. There is the possibility that this factor may be changed, using the \1/4\ power instead of the \1/3\ power, as part of a unified Federal regulatory approach. If such an approach is adopted, it will apply here. (iv) When dose is expressed as parts per million, and the carcinogen acts at the site of contact, humans and animals exposed to the same amount for the same proportion of lifetime should be assumed to be equally sensitive. (v) If no experimental study having the same route of exposure as that anticipated for human use of a substance is available, a study by another route of exposure may be used. Pharmacokinetic methods may be used if sufficient data are available. (vi) When exposure scenarios are different from those used in the underlying study upon which estimates of risk are based, proportionality should be applied. If pharmacokinetic methods are used to adjust for risks at high versus low exposure levels, level-time measures should not be combined without taking the non-linearity into account. (4) Acceptable Risks--(i) ADI for Carcinogens. The maximum acceptable daily intake (``ADI'') is that exposure of a toxic (by virtue of its carcinogenicity) substance that is estimated to lead to a lifetime excess risk of one in a million. Exposure refers to the anticipated exposure from normal lifetime use of the product, including use as a child as well as use as an adult. (ii) ADI for Neurotoxicological and Developmental/Reproductive Agents. Due to the difficulties in using a numerical risk assessment method to determine risk for neurotoxicological or developmental/ reproductive toxicants, the Commission is using a safety factor approach, as explained below. (A) Human Data. If the hazard is ascertained from human data, a safety factor of ten will be applied to the lowest No Observed Effect Level (``NOEL'') seen among the relevant studies. If no NOEL can be determined, a safety factor of 100 will be applied to the Lowest Observed Effect Level (``LOEL''). Both the NOEL and LOEL are defined in terms of daily dose level. (B) Animal Data. If the hazard is ascertained from animal data, a safety factor of one hundred will be applied to the lowest NOEL. If no NOEL can be determined, a safety factor of one thousand will be applied to the lowest LOEL. Both the NOEL and LOEL are defined in terms of daily dose level. [57 FR 46665, Oct. 9, 1992] Sec. 1500.210 Responsibility. The provisions of these regulations (16 CFR subchapter C of chapter II) with respect to the doing of any act shall be applicable also to the causing of such act to be done. [[Page 678]] Sec. 1500.211 Guaranty. In the case of the giving of a guaranty or undertaking referred to in section 5(b)(2) of the act, each person signing such guaranty or undertaking, or causing it to be signed, shall be considered to have given it. Each person causing a guaranty or undertaking to be false is chargeable with violations of section 4(d) of the act. Sec. 1500.212 Definition of guaranty; suggested forms. (a) A guaranty or undertaking referred to in section 5(b)(2) of the act may be: (1) Limited to a specific shipment or other delivery of an article, in which case it may be a part of or attached to the invoice or bill of sale covering such shipment of delivery; or (2) General and continuing, in which case, in its application to any shipment or other delivery of an article, it shall be considered to have been given at the date such article was shipped or delivered, or caused to be shipped or delivered, by the person who gives the guaranty of undertaking. (b) The following are suggested forms of guaranty or undertaking referred to in section 5(b)(2) of the act. (1) Limited form for use on invoice or bill of sale. (Name of person giving the guaranty or undertaking) hereby guarantees that no article listed herein is misbranded within the meaning of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act. (Signature and post-office address of person giving the guaranty or undertaking) (2) General and continuing forms. The article comprising each shipment or other delivery hereafter made by _____ (Name of person giving the guaranty or undertaking) to, or on the order of __________ (Name and post-office address of person to whom the guaranty or undertaking is given) is hereby guaranteed, as of the date of such shipment or delivery, to be, on such date, not misbranded within the meaning of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act. (Signature and post-office address of person giving the guaranty or undertaking) (c) The application of a guaranty or undertaking referred to in section 5(b)(2) of the act to any shipment or other delivery of an article shall expire when such article, after shipment or delivery by the person who gave such guaranty or undertaking, becomes misbranded within the meaning of the act. Sec. 1500.213 Presentation of views under section 7 of the act. (a) Presentation of views under section 7 of the act shall be private and informal. The views presented shall be confined to matters relevant to the contemplated proceeding. Such views may be presented by letter or in person by the person to whom the notice was given, or by his representative. In case such person holds a guaranty or undertaking referred to in section 5(b)(2) of the act applicable to the article on which such notice was based, such guaranty or undertaking, or a verified copy thereof, shall be made a part of such presentation of views. (b) Upon request, reasonably made, by the person to whom a notice appointing a time and place for the presentation of views under section 7 of the act has been given, or by his representative, such time or place, or both such time and place, may be changed if the request states reasonable grounds therefor. Such request shall be addressed to the office of the Consumer Product Safety Commission that issued the notice. Sec. 1500.214 Examinations and investigations; samples. When any officer or employee of the Commission collects a sample of a hazardous substance for analysis under the act, the sample shall be designated as an official sample if records or other evidence is obtained by him or any other officer or employee of the Commission indicating that the shipment or other lot of the article from which such sample was collected was introduced or delivered for introduction into interstate commerce, or was in or was received in interstate commerce, or was manufactured within a Territory not organized with a legislative body. Only samples so designated by an officer or employee of the Commission shall be considered to be official samples: (a) For the purpose of determining whether or not a sample is collected for [[Page 679]] analysis, the term ``analysis'' includes examinations and tests. (b) The owner of a hazardous substance of which an official sample is collected is the person who owns the shipment or other lot of the article from which the sample is collected. Sec. 1500.230 Guidance for lead (Pb) in consumer products. (a) Summary. (1) The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission issues this guidance to manufacturers, importers, distributors, and retailers to protect children from hazardous exposure to lead in consumer products. \1\ The Commission identifies the major factors that it considers when evaluating products that contain lead, and informs the public of its experience with products that have exposed children to potentially hazardous amounts of lead. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ This guidance is not a rule. It is intended to highlight certain obligations under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act. Companies should read that Act and the accompanying regulations in this part for more detailed information. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (2) To reduce the risk of hazardous exposure to lead, the Commission requests manufacturers to eliminate the use of lead that may be accessible to children from products used in or around households, schools, or in recreation. The Commission also recommends that, before purchasing products for resale, importers, distributors, and retailers obtain assurances from manufacturers that those products do not contain lead that may be accessible to children. (b) Hazard. Young children are most commonly exposed to lead in consumer products from the direct mouthing of objects, or from handling such objects and subsequent hand-to-mouth activity. The specific type and frequency of behavior that a child exposed to a product will exhibit depends on the age of the child and the characteristics and pattern of use of the product. The adverse health effects of lead poisoning in children are well-documented and may have long-lasting or permanent consequences. These effects include neurological damage, delayed mental and physical development, attention and learning deficiencies, and hearing problems. Because lead accumulates in the body, even exposures to small amounts of lead can contribute to the overall level of lead in the blood and to the subsequent risk of adverse health effects. Therefore, any unnecessary exposure of children to lead should be avoided. The scientific community generally recognizes a level of 10 micrograms of lead per deciliter of blood as a threshold level of concern with respect to lead poisoning. To avoid exceeding that level, young children should not chronically ingest more than 15 micrograms of lead per day from consumer products. (c) Guidance. (1) Under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (FHSA), 15 U.S.C. 1261(f)(1), household products that expose children to hazardous quantities of lead under reasonably foreseeable conditions of handling or use are ``hazardous substances.'' A household product that is not intended for children but which creates such a risk of injury because it contains lead requires precautionary labeling under the Act. 15 U.S.C. 1261(p). A toy or other article intended for use by children which contains a hazardous amount of lead that is accessible for children to ingest is a banned hazardous substance. 15 U.S.C. 1261(q)(1)(B). In evaluating the potential hazard associated with products that contain lead, the Commission staff considers these major factors on a case-by-case basis: the total amount of lead contained in a product, the bioavailability of the lead, the accessibility of the lead to children, the age and foreseeable behavior of the children exposed to the product, the foreseeable duration of the exposure, and the marketing, patterns of use, and life cycle of the product. (2) Paint and similar surface coatings containing lead have historically been the most commonly-recognized sources of lead poisoning among the products within the Commission's jurisdiction. The Commission has, by regulation, banned paint and other similar surface coatings that contain more than 0.06% lead (``lead-containing paint''), toys and other articles intended for use by children that bear lead-containing paint, and furniture articles for consumer use that bear lead-containing paint. 16 CFR Part 1303. In recent [[Page 680]] years, however, the Commission staff has identified a number of disparate products--some intended for use by children and others simply used in or around the household or in recreation--that presented a risk of lead poisoning from sources other than paint. These products included vinyl miniblinds, crayons, figurines used as game pieces, and children's jewelry. (3) In several of these cases, the staff's determination that the products presented a risk of lead poisoning resulted in recalls or in the replacement of those products with substitutes, in addition to an agreement to discontinue the use of lead in future production. The Commission believes that, had the manufacturers of these lead-containing products acted with prudence and foresight before introducing the products into commerce, they would not have used lead at all. This in turn would have eliminated both the risk to young children and the costs and other consequences associated with the corrective actions. (4) The Commission urges manufacturers to eliminate lead in consumer products to avoid similar occurrences in the future. However, to avoid the possibility of a Commission enforcement action, a manufacturer who believes it necessary to use lead in a consumer product should perform the requisite analysis before distribution to determine whether the exposure to lead causes the product to be a ``hazardous substance.'' If the product is a hazardous substance and is also a children's product, it is banned. If it is a hazardous household substance but is not intended for use by children, it requires precautionary labeling. This same type of analysis also should be performed on materials substituted for lead. (5) The Commission also notes that, under the FHSA, any firm that purchases a product for resale is responsible for determining whether that product contains lead and, if so, whether it is a ``hazardous substance.'' The Commission, therefore, recommends that, prior to the acquisition or distribution of such products, importers, distributors, and retailers obtain information and data, such as analyses of chemical composition or accessibility, relevant to this determination from manufacturers, or have such evaluations conducted themselves. [63 FR 70649, Dec. 22, 1998] Sec. 1500.231 Guidance for hazardous liquid chemicals in children's products. (a) Summary. The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission issues this guidance to manufacturers, importers, distributors, and retailers to protect children from exposure to hazardous chemicals found in liquid- filled children's products, such as rolling balls, bubble watches, necklaces, pens, paperweights, keychains, liquid timers, and mazes. \1\ The Commission identifies the major factors that it considers when evaluating liquid-filled children's products that contain hazardous chemicals, and informs the public of its experience with exposure to these hazardous chemicals to children. To reduce the risk of exposure to hazardous chemicals, such as mercury, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, methanol, methylene chloride, petroleum distillates, toluene, xylene, and related chemicals, the Commission requests manufacturers to eliminate the use of such chemicals in children's products. The Commission also recommends that, before purchasing products for resale, importers, distributors, and retailers obtain assurances from manufacturers that liquid-filled children's products do not contain hazardous liquid chemicals. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ This guidance is not a rule. It is intended to highlight certain obligations under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act. Companies should read that Act and the accompanying regulations in this part for more detailed information. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (b) Hazard. During reasonably foreseeable handling or use of liquid- filled children's products, hazardous chemicals may become accessible to young children in a manner that places children at risk. Young children are exposed to the chemicals from directly mouthing them or from handling such objects and subsequent hand-to-mouth or hand-to-eye activity. The specific type and frequency of behavior that a child exposed to a product will exhibit depends on the age of the child and the characteristics and pattern of use of [[Page 681]] the product. The adverse health effects of these chemicals to children include chemical poisoning from ingestion of the chemicals, pneumonia from aspiration of the chemicals into the lungs, and skin and eye irritation from exposure to the chemicals. The chemicals may also be combustible. (c) Guidance. (1) Under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (FHSA), products that are toxic or irritants and that may cause substantial injury or illness under reasonably foreseeable conditions of handling or use, including reasonably foreseeable ingestion by children, are ``hazardous substances.'' 15 U.S.C. 1261(f)(1). A product that is not intended for children, but that creates a risk of substantial injury or illness because it contains hazardous chemicals, requires precautionary labeling under the Act. 15 U.S.C. 1261(p). A toy or other article intended for use by children that contains an accessible and harmful amount of a hazardous chemical is banned. 15 U.S.C. 1261(q)(1)(A). In evaluating the potential hazard associated with children's products that contain hazardous chemicals, the Commission's staff considers certain factors on a case-by-case basis, including: the total amount of the hazardous chemical in a product, the accessibility of the hazardous chemicals to children, the risk presented by that accessibility, the age and foreseeable behavior of the children exposed to the product, and the marketing, patterns of use, and life cycle of the product. (2) The Commission's staff has identified a number of liquid-filled children's products, such as rolling balls, bubble watches, necklaces, pens, paperweights, maze toys, liquid timers, and keychains, that contain hazardous chemicals. In several of these cases, the staff determined that these products violated the FHSA because they presented a risk of chemical poisoning and/or chemical pneumonia from aspiration. This determination resulted in recalls or in the replacement of those products with substitutes, as well as in agreements with the manufacturers to discontinue the use of hazardous chemicals in liquid- filled children's products in future production. The Commission believes that these hazardous substances pose a risk to young children and, consequently, manufacturers should not have included them in the product design or manufacturing process. (3) Therefore, the Commission considers the use of hazardous chemicals in children's products such as those described above to be ill-advised and encourages manufacturers to avoid using them in such products. Further, the Commission recommends that, before purchasing such products for resale, importers, distributors, and retailers obtain assurances from the manufacturers that liquid-filled children's products do not contain hazardous liquid chemicals. [63 FR 70648, Dec. 22, 1998] Sec. 1500.232 Statement on animal testing policy. (a) Summary. (1) The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission issues this statement of policy on animal testing and alternatives to animal testing of hazardous substances regulated under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (FHSA). The FHSA requires appropriate cautionary labeling on certain hazardous household products to alert consumers to the potential hazard(s) that the products may present. Among the hazards addressed by the FHSA are toxicity, corrosivity, sensitization, and irritation. (2) In order to determine the appropriate cautionary labeling, it is necessary to have objective criteria by which the existence of each hazard can be determined. Hazards such as toxicity, tissue corrosiveness, eye irritancy, and skin irritancy result from the biological response of living tissue and organs to the presence of the hazardous substance. One means of characterizing these hazards is to use animal testing as a proxy for the human reaction. In fact, the FHSA defines the hazard category of ``highly toxic'' in terms of animal toxicity when groups of 10 or more rats are exposed to specified amounts of the substance. The Commission's regulations under the FHSA concerning toxicity and irritancy allow the use of animal tests to determine the presence of the hazard when human data or existing animal data are not available. [[Page 682]] (3) Neither the FHSA nor the Commission's regulations requires animal testing. The FHSA and its implementing regulations only require that a product be labeled to reflect the hazards associated with that product. If animal testing is conducted, Commission policy supports limiting such tests to a minimum number of animals and advocates measures that eliminate or reduce the pain or discomfort to animals that can be associated with such tests. The Commission has prepared this statement of policy with respect to animal testing to encourage the manufacturers subject to the FHSA to follow a similar policy. (4) In making the appropriate hazard determinations, manufacturers of products subject to the FHSA should use existing alternatives to animal testing whenever possible. These include: prior human experience (e.g., published case studies), in vitro or in silico test methods that have been approved by the Commission, literature sources containing the results of prior animal testing or limited human tests (e.g., clinical trials, dermal patch testing), and expert opinion (e.g., hazard assessment, structure-activity analysis). If a manufacturer or other entity performs a hazard test for FHSA labeling purposes that has not been previously approved by the Commission, CPSC staff will consider the data on a case-by-case basis and, upon review, determine whether to post the test method on the animal testing Web site. The Commission recommends resorting to animal testing only when the other information sources have been exhausted. At this time, the Commission recommends use of the most humane procedures with the fewest animals possible to achieve reliable results. Recommended procedures are summarized in the following statement and can be accessed on the Commission's Web page at: http://www.cpsc.gov/library/animaltesting.html. If a manufacturer or other entity performs a hazard test for FHSA labeling purposes that has not been previously approved by the Commission (e.g., an ICCVAM- recommended test method or one of the tests described in the current version of the FHSA), CPSC staff will consider the data on a case-by- case basis and, upon review, determine whether to post the test method on the animal testing Web site. (b) Statement of policy on animal testing. (1) Neither the FHSA nor the Commission's regulations requires animal testing. Reliable human experience always takes precedence over results from animal data. In the cases where animal tests are conducted, the Commission prefers test methods that reduce stress and suffering in test animals and that use fewer animals while maintaining scientific integrity. To this end, the Commission reviews recommendations on alternative test methods developed by the scientific and regulatory communities. Current descriptions of test method recommendations approved by or known to the Commission can be accessed via the Internet at: http://www.cpsc.gov/library/ animaltesting.html. The Commission strongly supports the use of scientifically sound alternatives to animal testing. The following parts of this section outline some of these alternatives. Testing laboratories and other interested persons requiring assistance interpreting the results obtained when a substance is tested in accordance with the methods described here, or in following the testing strategies outlined in the section, should refer to the Commission's animal testing Web page at: http://www.cpsc.gov/library/animaltesting.html. (i) Acute toxicity. The traditional FHSA animal test for acute toxicity determines the median lethal dose (LD50) or lethal concentration (LC50), the dose or concentration that is expected to kill half the test animals. Procedures for determining the median LD50/LC50 are described in section 2(h)(1) of the Act and supplemented in Sec. 1500.3(c)(1) and (2) and the test method outlined in Sec. 1500.40. The Commission recommends in vitro alternatives over in vivo LD50/LC50 tests, or using modifications of the traditional LD50/LC50 test during toxicity testing that reduce the number of animals tested whenever possible. Data from in vitro or in silico test methods that have not been approved by the Commission may be submitted to the Commission for consideration of their acceptability. Commission-approved testing alternatives are [[Page 683]] identified on the Web site at: http://www.cpsc.gov/library/ animaltesting.html and include: (A) In vitro and in vivo test methods that have been scientifically validated and approved for use in toxicity testing by the Commission; (B) Valid in vitro methods to estimate a starting dose for an acute in vivo test; (C) A sequential version of the traditional LD50/LC50 tests described in Sec. 1500.3(c)(1) and (2) and the test method described in Sec. 1500.40, in which dose groups are run successively rather than simultaneously; (D) A limit-dose test where the LD50/LC50 is determined as a point estimate, which can still be used to categorize a hazard, although it gives no information on hazard dose-response. In the limit test, animals (10 rats) each receive a single dose of product at 5g per kilogram of body weight. If not more than one animal dies in 14 days, the product is considered to have an LD50 of greater than 5g/kg, and thus, deemed to be nontoxic. Only if two or more animals die is a second group of 10 rats tested (at a lower dose). This procedure reduces the number of animals tested from the 80 to 100 animals involved in a full LD50 test to, typically, 10 to 20 rats per product. This reduction in the number of animals tested is justified because an exact LD50 is not required by either the FHSA or the regulations. The FHSA requires only a categorical determination that the toxicity is greater than 5g/kg, between 50 mg/kg and 5g/kg, or less than 50 mg/kg. (ii) Dermal irritation/corrosivity. An acceptable in vitro test method or weight-of-evidence analysis is recommended before in vivo dermal irritation testing is considered to determine appropriate cautionary labeling. The weight-of-evidence analysis should incorporate any existing data on humans and animals, validated in vitro or in silico test results (valid tests are identified on the Commission's animal testing Web site at: http://www.cpsc.gov/library/animaltesting.html), the substance's dermal toxicity, evidence of corrosivity/irritation of one or more structurally related substances or mixtures of such substances, data demonstrating low or high pH (<=2 or =11.5) of the substance, and any other relevant physicochemical properties that indicate the substance might be a dermal corrosive or irritant. If there is any indication from this analysis that the substance is either corrosive or irritating to the skin, the substance should be labeled appropriately. If the substance is not corrosive in vitro, but no data exist regarding its irritation potential, human patch testing should be considered. If in vitro data are unavailable, human patch testing is not an option, and there are insufficient data to determine the weight-of- evidence, a tiered in vivo animal test is recommended. (A) In a tiered in vivo dermal study, a single rabbit is tested initially. If the outcome is positive for corrosivity, testing is stopped, and the substance is labeled appropriately. If the substance is not corrosive, two more rabbits should be patch-tested to complete the assessment of skin irritation potential. (B) If a tiered test is not feasible, the Commission recommends the test method described in Sec. 1500.41. Note that in any in vivo dermal irritation test method, the Commission recommends using a semiocclusive patch to cover the animal's test site and eliminating the use of stocks for restraint during the exposure period, thereby allowing the animal free mobility and access to food and water. (iii) Ocular irritation. A weight-of-evidence analysis is recommended to evaluate existing information before any in vivo ocular irritation testing is considered. This analysis should incorporate any existing data on humans and animals, validated in vitro or in silico test data (identified on the Commission's animal testing Web site at: http://www.cpsc.gov/library/animaltesting.html), the substance's dermal corrosivity/irritation (primary skin irritants and corrosives are also usually eye irritants and therefore do not need to be tested in the eye), evidence of ocular irritation of one or more structurally related substances or mixtures of such substances, data demonstrating high acidity or alkalinity of the substance, and any other relevant physicochemical properties that indicate the substance might be a dermal corrosive or irritant or ocular irritant. [[Page 684]] (A) When the weight-of-evidence is insufficient to determine a substance's ocular irritation, a Commission-approved in vitro or in silico assay for ocular irritancy should be run to assess eye irritation potential and determine labeling. Examples of Commission-validated in vitro assays are identified on the Commission's animal testing Web site at: http://www.cpsc.gov/library/animaltesting.html). If no valid in vitro test exists, the test strategy for determining dermal corrosion/ irritation outlined in paragraph (b)(1)(ii)(B) of this section can be followed to determine ocular irritation. (B) If the dermal test strategy outlined in section paragraph (b)(1)(ii)(B) of this section leads to a conclusion of not corrosive, a tiered in vivo ocular irritation test should be performed, in which a single rabbit is exposed to the substance initially. If the outcome of this initial test is positive, testing is stopped, and the substance is labeled an eye irritant. If the outcome of this initial test is negative, one to two more rabbits are tested for ocular irritation, and the outcome of this test will determine the label. If a tiered test is not feasible, the Commission recommends the test method described in Sec. 1500.42. (C) When any ocular irritancy testing on animals is conducted, including the method described in Sec. 1500.42, the Commission recommends a threefold plan to reduce animal suffering: The use of preemptive pain management, including topical anesthetics and systemic analgesics that eliminate or reduce suffering that may occur as a result of the application process or from the test substance itself (an example of a typical preemptive pain treatment is two applications of tetracaine ophthalmic anesthetic, 10-15 minutes apart, prior to instilling the test material to the eye); post-treatment with systemic analgesics for pain relief; and implementation of humane endpoints, including scheduled observations, monitoring, and recording of clinical signs of distress and pain, and recording the nature, severity, and progression of eye injuries. The specific techniques that have been approved by the Commission can be found at: http://www.cpsc.gov/library/ animaltesting.html. (iv) Dermal sensitization. An acceptable in vitro test method (examples of valid in vitro tests are identified on the Commission's animal testing Web site at: http://www.cpsc.gov/library/ animaltesting.html), or weight-of-evidence analysis is recommended before in vivo animal sensitization testing is considered to determine appropriate cautionary labeling. The weight-of-evidence analysis should incorporate any existing data on humans and animals, validated in vitro or in silico test results, and any relevant physicochemical properties that indicate the substance might be a dermal sensitizer. If there is any indication from this analysis that the substance is sensitizing to the skin, the substance should be labeled appropriately. (2) [Reserved] [77 FR 73288, Dec. 10, 2012] Imports Sec. 1500.265 Imports; definitions. For the purposes of the regulations prescribed under section 14 of the act: (a) The term owner or consignee means the person who has the rights of a consignee under the provisions of the Tariff Act of 1930 (secs. 483, 484, 485, 46 Stat. 721 as amended; 19 U.S.C. 1483, 1484, 1485). (b) The term area office director means the director of the area office of the Consumer Product Safety Commission having jurisdiction over the port of entry through which a hazardous substance is imported or offered for import, or such officer of the area office as he may designate to act in his behalf in administering and enforcing the provisions of section 14 of the act. Sec. 1500.266 Notice of sampling. When a sample of a hazardous substance offered for import has been requested by the director of the area office, the collector of customs having jurisdiction over the hazardous substance shall give to the owner or consignee prompt notice of delivery of, or intention to deliver, such sample. Upon [[Page 685]] receipt of the notice, the owner or consignee shall hold such hazardous substance and not distribute it until further notice from the area office director or the collector of customs of the results of examination of the sample. Sec. 1500.267 Payment for samples. The Consumer Product Safety Commission will pay for all import samples that are found to be in compliance with the requirements of the act. Billing for reimbursement should be made by the owner or consignee to the Commission area office headquarters in the territory of which the shipment was offered for import. Payment for samples will not be made if the hazardous substance is found to be in violation of the act, even though subsequently brought into compliance under the terms of an authorization to bring the article into compliance. Sec. 1500.268 Hearing. (a) If it appears that the hazardous substance may be subject to refusal of admission, the area office director shall give the owner or consignee a written notice to that effect, stating the reasons therefor. The notice shall specify a place and a period of time during which the owner or consignee shall have an opportunity to introduce testimony. Upon timely request, giving reasonable grounds therefor, such time and place may be changed. Such testimony shall be confined to matters relevant to the admissibility of the hazardous substance, and may be introduced orally or in writing. (b) If such owner or consignee submits or indicates his intention to submit an application for authorization to relabel or perform other action to bring the hazardous substance into compliance with the act, such testimony shall include evidence in support of such application. If such application is not submitted at or prior to the hearing, the area office director shall specify a time limit, reasonable in the light of the circumstances, for filing such application. Sec. 1500.269 Application for authorization. Application for authorization to relabel or perform other action to bring the hazardous substance into compliance with the act may be filed only by the owner or consignee and shall: (a) Contain detailed proposals for bringing the article into compliance with the act. (b) Specify the time and place where such operations will be carried out and the approximate time for their completion. Sec. 1500.270 Granting of authorization. (a) When authorization contemplated by Sec. 1500.269 is granted, the area office director shall notify the applicant in writing, specifying: (1) The procedure to be followed: (2) That the operations are to be carried out under the supervision of an officer of the Consumer Product Safety Commission or the Bureau of Customs, as the case may be; (3) A time limit, reasonable in the light of the circumstances, for completion of the operations; and (4) Such other conditions as are necessary to maintain adequate supervision and control over the article. (b) Upon receipt of a written request for extension of time to complete such operations, containing reasonable grounds therefor, the area office director may grant such additional time as he deems necessary. (c) An authorization may be amended upon a showing of reasonable grounds therefor and the filing of an amended application for authorization with the area office director. (d) If ownership of a hazardous substance covered by an authorization changes before the operations specified in the authorization have been completed, the original owner will be held responsible, unless the new owner has executed a bond and obtained a new authorization. Any authorization granted under this section shall supersede and nullify any previously granted authorization with respect to the article. Sec. 1500.271 Bonds. (a) The bonds required under section 14(b) of the act may be executed by the owner or consignee on the appropriate form of a customs single-entry or term bond, containing a condition for the redelivery of the merchandise or any part [[Page 686]] thereof upon demand of the collector of customs and containing a provision for the performance of conditions as may legally be imposed for the relabeling or other action necessary to bring the hazardous substance into compliance with the act in such manner as is prescribed for such bond in the customs regulations in force on the date of request for authorization. The bond shall be filed with the collector of customs. (b) The collector of customs may cancel the liability for liquidated damages incurred under the above-mentioned provisions of such a bond, if he receives an application for relief therefrom, upon the payment of a lesser amount or upon such other terms and conditions as shall be deemed appropriate under the law and in view of the circumstances, but the collector shall not act under this regulation in any case unless the area office director is in full agreement with the action. Sec. 1500.272 Costs chargeable in connection with relabeling and reconditioning inadmissible imports. The cost of supervising the relabeling or other action necessary in connection with an import of a hazardous substance that fails to comply with the act shall be paid by the owner or consignee who files an application requesting such action and executes a bond, pursuant to section 14(b) of the act. The cost of such supervision shall include, but not be restricted to, the following: (a) Travel expenses of the supervising officer. (b) Per diem in lieu of subsistence of the supervising officer when away from his home station as provided by law. (c) Services of the supervising officer, to be calculated at the rate of a GS 11, step 1 employee, except that such services performed by a customs officer and subject to the provisions of the Act of February 13, 1911, as amended (sec. 5, 36 Stat. 901 as amended; 19 U.S.C. 267), shall be calculated as provided in that Act. (d) Services of the analyst, to be calculated at the rate of a GS 12, step 1 employee (which shall include the use of the chemical laboratories and equipment of the Consumer Product Safety Commission). (e) The minimum charge for services of supervising officers and of analysts shall be not less than the charge for 1 hour, and time after the first hour shall be computed in multiples of 1 hour, disregarding fractional parts less than one-half hour. [38 FR 27012, Sept. 27, 1973, as amended at 57 FR 28605, June 26, 1992] PART 1501_METHOD FOR IDENTIFYING TOYS AND OTHER ARTICLES INTENDED FOR USE BY CHILDREN UNDER 3 YEARS OF AGE WHICH PRESENT CHOKING, ASPIRATION, OR INGESTION HAZARDS BECAUSE OF SMALL PARTS--Table of Contents Sec. 1501.1 Purpose. 1501.2 Scope. 1501.3 Exemptions. 1501.4 Size requirements and test procedure. 1501.5 Enforcement procedure. Authority: Secs. 2(f)(1)(D), (q)(1)(A), (s), 3(e)(1), and 10; 74 Stat. 372, 374, 375 as amended; 80 Stat. 1304-05, 83 Stat. 187-89 (15 U.S.C. 1261, 1262, 1269). Source: 44 FR 34903, June 15, 1979, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1501.1 Purpose. Section 1500.18(a)(9) of this chapter classifies as a banned hazardous substance any toy or other article intended for use by children under 3 years of age that presents a choking, aspiration, or ingestion hazard because of small parts. This part 1501 describes certain articles that are subject to Sec. 1500.18(a)(9); lists certain articles that are specifically exempted; and provides a test method for determining whether an article is hazardous to children under 3 because it, or one of its components that can be detached or broken off during normal or reasonable foreseeable use, is too small. Sec. 1501.2 Scope. (a) This regulation (Sec. 1500.18(a)(9) and the criteria described in Sec. 1501.4 below) applies to all toys and other articles intended for use by children under 3 years (36 months) of age that are introduced into interstate commerce after [[Page 687]] the effective date. Such articles include, but are not to limited to: squeeze toys; teethers; crib exercisers; crib gyms; crib mobiles; other toys or articles intended to be affixed to a crib, stroller, playpen, or baby carriage; pull and push toys; pounding toys; blocks and stacking sets; bathtub, wading pool and sand toys; rocking, spring, and stick horses and other figures; chime and musical balls and carousels; jacks- in-the-box; stuffed, plush, and flocked animals and other figures; preschool toys, games and puzzles intended for use by children under 3; riding toys intended for use by children under 3; infant and juvenile furniture articles which are intended for use by children under 3 such as cribs, playpens, baby bouncers and walkers, strollers and carriages; dolls which are intended for use by children under 3 such as baby dolls, rag dolls, and bean bag dolls; toy cars, trucks, and other vehicles intended for use by children under 3. In addition, such articles include any other toys or articles which are intended, marketed or labeled to be entrusted to or used by children under 3 years of age. (b) In determining which toys and other articles are intended for use by children under 3 years (36 months) of age, for purposes of this regulation, the following factors are relevant: the manufacturer's stated intent (such as on a label) if it is a reasonable one; the advertising, promotion, and marketing of the article; and whether the article is commonly recognized as being intended for children under 3. (c) This regulation does not apply to toys or articles which are solely intended for use by children 3 years of age or older. In addition, it does not apply to all articles to which children under 3 years of age might have access simply because of presence in a household. Certain articles which are specifically exempted from this regulation are listed in Sec. 1501.3 below. Sec. 1501.3 Exemptions. The following articles are exempt from this regulation (Sec. Sec. 1500.18(a)(9) and 1501.4 below): (a) Balloons; (b) Books and other articles made of paper; (c) Writing materials such as crayons, chalk, pencils, and pens; (d) Children's clothing and accessories, such as shoe lace holders and buttons; (e) Grooming, feeding, and hygiene products, such as diaper pins and clips, barrettes, toothbrushes, drinking glasses, dishes and eating utensils; (f) Phonograph records; (g) Modeling clay and similar products; (h) Fingerpaints, watercolors, and other paint sets; (i) Rattles (as defined at 16 CFR 1510.2); and (j) Pacifiers (as defined at 16 CFR 1511.2(a)). Sec. 1501.4 Size requirements and test procedure. (a) No toy or other children's article subject to Sec. 1500.18(a)(9) and to this part 1501 shall be small enough to fit entirely within a cylinder with the dimensions shown in Figure 1, when tested in accordance with the procedure in paragraph (b) of this section. In testing to ensure compliance with this regulation, the dimensions of the Commission's test cylinder will be no greater than those shown in Figure 1. (In addition, for compliance purposes, the English dimensions shall be used. The metric approximations are included only for convenience.) (b)(1) Place the article, without compressing it, into the cylinder. If the article fits entirely within the cylinder, in any orientation, it fails to comply with the test procedure. (Test any detached components of the article the same way.) (2) If the article does not fit entirely within the cylinder, subject it to the appropriate ``use and abuse'' tests of 16 CFR 1500.51 and 1500.52 (excluding the bite tests of Sec. Sec. 1500.51(c) and 1500.52(c)). Any components or pieces (excluding paper, fabric, yarn, fuzz, elastic, and string) which have become detached from the article as a result of the use and abuse testing shall be placed into the cylinder, one at a time. If any such components or pieces fit entirely within the cylinder, in any orientation and without being compressed, the article fails to comply with the test procedure. [[Page 688]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.060 Sec. 1501.5 Enforcement procedure. The Commission will enforce this regulation, unless it determines that an emergency situation exists, only in accordance with Chapter 2, Guide 2.05--Letter of Advice/Notices of Noncompliance of the CPSC Enforcement Policy [[Page 689]] and Procedural Guides, issued in January 1990 and available from the Office of the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207. Under the procedure described in this chapter, firms must be informed by letter that they or their products may be the subject of enforcement action and must be provided ten days within which to submit evidence and arguments that the products are not violative or are not covered by the regulation, prior to the initiation of enforcement action by the Commission or by its delegated staff member. The function of approving such enforcement actions is currently delegated by the Commission to the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance and Enforcement (copies of the existing delegation documents are also available from the CPSC's Office of the Secretary). [56 FR 46986, Sept. 17, 1991] PART 1502_PROCEDURES FOR FORMAL EVIDENTIARY PUBLIC HEARING--Table of Contents Subpart A_General Provisions Sec. 1502.1 Scope. 1502.2 Computation of time periods. 1502.3 Confidential information. 1502.4 Office of the Secretary. Subpart B_Initiation of Proceedings 1502.5 Initiation of a hearing involving the issuance, amendment, or revocation of a regulation. 1502.6 Filing objections and requests for a hearing on a regulation. 1502.7 Notice of filing of objections. 1502.8 Ruling on objections and requests for hearing. 1502.9 Modification or revocation of regulation or order. 1502.10 Denial of hearing in whole or in part. 1502.11 Judicial review after waiver of hearing on a regulation. 1502.12 Request for alternative form of hearing. 1502.13 Notice of hearing; stay of action. 1502.14 Effective date of a regulation when no objections are filed. Subpart C_Appearance and Participation 1502.15 Appearance. 1502.16 Notice of participation. 1502.17 Advice on public participation in hearings. Subpart D_Presiding Officer 1502.18 Presiding officer. 1502.19 Commencement of functions. 1502.20 Authority of presiding officer. 1502.21 Disqualification of presiding officer. 1502.22 Unavailability of presiding officer. Subpart E_Hearing Procedures 1502.23 Filing and service of submissions. 1502.24 Petition to participate in forma pauperis. 1502.25 Disclosure of data and information to be relied on by the participants. 1502.26 Purpose; oral and written testimony; burden of proof. 1502.27 Participation of nonparties. 1502.28 Conduct at oral hearings or conferences. 1502.29 Time and place of prehearing conference. 1502.30 Prehearing conference procedure. 1502.31 Summary decisions. 1502.32 Receipt of evidence. 1502.33 Official notice. 1502.34 Briefs and arguments. 1502.35 Interlocutory appeal from ruling of presiding officer. 1502.36 Official transcript. 1502.37 Motions. Subpart F_Administrative Record 1502.38 Administrative record of a hearing. 1502.39 Examination of record. Subpart G_Initial and Final Decision 1502.40 Initial decision. 1502.41 Appeal from or review of initial decision. 1502.42 Decision by Commission on appeal or review of initial decision. 1502.43 Reconsideration and stay of Commission's action. Subpart H_Judicial Review 1502.44 Review by the courts. 1502.45 Copies of petitions for judicial review. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 1261(q)(1)(B), 1262(a), 1262(e), 1269(a); 15 U.S.C. 1474(a); 21 U.S.C. 371(e)-(g). Source: 56 FR 9278, Mar. 6, 1991, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_General Provisions Sec. 1502.1 Scope. The procedures in this part apply when-- [[Page 690]] (a) A person has a right to an opportunity for a hearing under sections 2(q)(1)(B) or 3(a) of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (``FHSA'') and 701(e) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (``FDCA'') (15 U.S.C. 1261(q)(1)(B) and 1262(a), and 21 U.S.C. 371(e)); (b) The Commission elects to hold a hearing under section 3(e)(1) of the FHSA or section 5 of the Poison Prevention Packaging Act (``PPPA'') and section 701(e) of the FDCA (15 U.S.C. 1262(e)(1) and 1474(a), and 21 U.S.C. 371(e)); or (c) The Commission concludes that it is in the public interest to hold a formal evidentiary public hearing on any matter before it in such a proceeding. Sec. 1502.2 Computation of time periods. Whenever a time period for taking action is specified by these procedures, by the presiding officer, or by the Commission, Saturdays, Sundays, and Federal holidays are included in computing time. However, if the last day for taking such action falls on a Saturday, Sunday, or Federal holiday, the action shall be timely if taken on or before the next Federal Government business day. Sec. 1502.3 Confidential information. Whenever any participant desires or is required to submit information in any proceeding under this part 1502, and the participant believes that such information consists of trade secret or other confidential business or financial information that should not be disclosed publicly, the participant may, instead of submitting such information, file a motion for a protective order containing a general description of the information desired to be withheld, together with a detailed argument supporting the claim that the information should be held in confidence. Sec. 1502.4 Office of the Secretary. (a) The mailing address of the Commission's Office of the Secretary is: Office of the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207. (b) The address for delivery to the Office of the Secretary is: Office of the Secretary, Room 502, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, Maryland 20816. (c) The telephone number of the Office of the Secretary is (301)504- 0800. [56 FR 9278, Mar. 6, 1991, as amended at 62 FR 46667, Sept. 4, 1997] Subpart B_Initiation of Proceedings Sec. 1502.5 Initiation of a hearing involving the issuance, amendment, or revocation of a regulation. (a) The Federal Register notice promulgating the final regulation will describe how to submit objections and requests for hearing. (b) On or before the 30th day after the date of publication of a final regulation in the Federal Register, a person may file written objections, with or without a request for a hearing, with the Commission. The 30-day period may not be extended, except that additional information supporting an objection may be received after 30 days upon a showing of inadvertent omission or for other good cause shown, if consideration of the additional information will not delay review of the objection and request for hearing. Sec. 1502.6 Filing objections and requests for a hearing on a regulation. (a) Objections and requests for a hearing under Sec. 1502.5(a) must be filed with the Office of the Secretary and will be accepted for filing if they meet the following conditions: (1) They are submitted within the time specified in Sec. 1502.5(b). (2) Each objection is separately numbered. (3) Each objection specifies with particularity the provision(s) of the regulation to which that objection is directed. (4) Each objection on which a hearing is requested specifically requests a hearing. Failure to request a hearing on an objection constitutes a waiver of the right to a hearing on that objection. (5) Each objection for which a hearing is requested includes a detailed description of the basis for the objection and the factual information or analysis in support thereof. Failure to include a [[Page 691]] description and analysis for an objection constitutes a waiver of the right to a hearing on that objection. The description and analysis may be used only for the purpose of determining whether a hearing has been justified under Sec. 1502.8, and do not limit the evidence that may be presented if a hearing is granted. (i) A copy of any report, article, survey, or other written document relied upon must be submitted, unless the document is-- (A) A CPSC document that is routinely publicly available; or (B) A recognized medical or scientific textbook or journal in the public domain. (ii) A summary of the non-documentary testimony to be presented by any witnesses relied upon must be submitted. (b) If an objection or request for a public hearing fails to meet the requirements of this section the Office of the General Counsel shall notify the Office of the Secretary of the deficiency. The Office of the Secretary shall return it with a copy of the applicable regulations, indicating those provisions not complied with. A deficient objection or request for a hearing may be supplemented and subsequently filed if submitted within the 30-day time period specified in Sec. 1502.5(b). (c) If another person objects to a regulation issued in response to a petition, the petitioner may submit a written reply to the Office of the Secretary on or before the 15th day after the last day for filing objections. Sec. 1502.7 Notice of filing of objections. As soon as practicable after the expiration of the time for filing objections to and requests for hearing on agency action involving the issuance, amendment, or revocation of a regulation under the FHSA or the PPPA and section 701(e) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, the Commission shall publish a notice in the Federal Register specifying those parts of the regulation that have been stayed by the filing of proper objections and, if no objections have been filed, stating that fact. The notice does not constitute a determination that a hearing is justified on any objections or requests for hearing that have been filed. When to do so will cause no undue delay, the notice required by this section may be combined with the notices described in Sec. Sec. 1502.10 and 1502.13. Sec. 1502.8 Ruling on objections and requests for hearing. (a) As soon as practicable, the Commission will review all objections and requests for hearing filed under Sec. 1502.6 and determine-- (1) Whether the regulation should be modified or revoked under Sec. 1502.9; and (2) Whether a hearing has been justified. (b) A request for a hearing will be granted if the material submitted shows the following: (1) There is a genuine and substantial issue of fact for resolution at a hearing. A hearing will not be granted on issues of policy or law. (2) The factual issue can be resolved by available and specifically identified reliable evidence. A hearing will not be granted on the basis of mere allegations or denials or general descriptions of positions and contentions. (3) The data and information submitted, if established at a hearing, would be adequate to justify resolution of the factual issue in the way sought by the person. A hearing will be denied if the Commission concludes that the data and information submitted, even though accurate, are insufficient to justify the factual determination urged. (4) Resolution of the factual issue in the way sought by the person is adequate to justify the action requested. A hearing will not be granted on factual issues that are not determinative with respect to the action requested, e.g., if the Commission concludes that the Commission's action would be the same even if the factual issue were resolved in the way sought, or if a request is made that a final regulation include a provision not reasonably encompassed by the proposal. (5) The action requested is not inconsistent with any provision in the FHSA or any regulation in 16 CFR subchapter C explaining or particularizing the requirements of the FHSA. (6) The requirements in other applicable regulations, and in the notice [[Page 692]] promulgating the final regulation or the notice of opportunity for hearing are met. (c) In making the determinations specified in paragraph (a) of this section, the Commission may issue an appropriate order on the determinations without further notice or opportunity for comment from interested parties. However, the Commission, at its option, may use the procedure specified in 16 CFR part 1052 or any other applicable public procedure available to it. (d) If it is uncertain whether a hearing has been justified under the principles in paragraph (b) of this section, and the Commission concludes that summary decision against the person requesting a hearing should be considered, the Commission may serve upon the person by registered mail a proposed order denying a hearing. The person has 30 days after receipt of the proposed order to demonstrate that the submission justifies a hearing. Sec. 1502.9 Modification or revocation of regulation or order. If, upon review of an objection or request for hearing, the Commission determines that the regulation should be modified or revoked, the Commission will promptly take such action by notice in the Federal Register. Further objections to or requests for hearing on the modification or revocation may be submitted under Sec. Sec. 1502.5 and 1502.6, but no further issue may be taken with other provisions in the regulation. Objections and requests for hearing that are not affected by the modification or revocation will remain on file and be acted upon in due course. Sec. 1502.10 Denial of hearing in whole or in part. (a) If the Commission determines upon review of the objections or requests for hearing that a hearing is not justified, in whole or in part, a notice of the determination will be published in the Federal Register. (b) The notice will state whether the hearing is denied in whole or in part. If the hearing is denied in part, the notice will be combined with the notice of hearing required by Sec. 1502.13, and will specify the objections and requests for hearing that have been granted and denied. (c) Any denial will be explained. A denial based on an analysis of the information submitted to justify a hearing will explain the inadequacy of the information. (d) The notice will confirm, modify, or stay the effective date of the regulation involved. (e) The record of the administrative proceeding relating to denial in whole or in part of a public hearing on an objection or request for hearing consists of the following: (1) The entire rulemaking record; (2) The objections and requests for hearing filed by the Office of the Secretary; and (3) The notice denying a formal evidentiary public hearing. (f) The record specified in paragraph (e) of this section is the exclusive record for the Commission's decision on the complete or partial denial of a hearing. The record of the proceeding will be closed as of the date of the Commission's decision denying a hearing, unless another date is specified. A person who requested and was denied a hearing may submit a petition for reconsideration or a petition for stay of the Commission's action. A person who wishes to rely upon information or views not included in the administrative record shall submit them to the Commission with a petition to modify the final regulation. (g) Denial of a request for a hearing in whole or in part is final agency action reviewable in the courts, under the statutory provisions governing the matter involved, as of the date of publication of the denial in the Federal Register. (1) Before requesting a court for a stay of the Commission's action pending judicial review, a person shall first submit a petition to the Commission for a stay of action. (2) The time for filing a petition for judicial review of a denial of a hearing on an objection or issue begins on the date the denial is published in the Federal Register. The failure to file a petition for judicial review within the period established in the statutory provision governing the matter involved [[Page 693]] constitutes a waiver of the right to judicial review of the objection or issue, regardless whether a hearing has been granted on other objections and issues. Sec. 1502.11 Judicial review after waiver of hearing on a regulation. (a) A person with a right to submit objections and a request for hearing under Sec. 1502.5(a) may submit objections and waive the right to a hearing. The waiver may be either an explicit statement, or a failure to request a hearing, as provided in Sec. 1502.6(a)(4). (b) If a person waives the right to a hearing, the Commission will rule upon the person's objections under Sec. Sec. 1502.8 through 1502.10. As a matter of discretion, the Commission may also order a hearing on the matter. (c) If the Commission rules adversely on a person's objection, the person may petition for judicial review in a U.S. court of appeals under the appropriate statute. (1) The record for judicial review is the record designated in Sec. 1502.10(e). (2) The time for filing a petition for judicial review begins on the date of publication of the Commission's ruling on the objections in the Federal Register. Sec. 1502.12 Request for alternative form of hearing. (a) A person with a right to request a formal hearing may waive that right and request a hearing before the Commission under 16 CFR part 1052. (b) The request-- (1) May be on the person's own initiative or at the suggestion of the Commission; (2) Must be submitted by the person in the form of a petition before publication of a notice of hearing under Sec. 1502.13 or a denial of hearing under Sec. 1502.10; and (3) Must be-- (i) In lieu of a request for a formal hearing under Sec. 1502.5; or, (ii) If submitted with or after a request for formal hearing, accompanied by a waiver of the right to a formal hearing, conditioned on the request for the alternative form of hearing. Upon acceptance by the Commission, the waiver becomes binding and may be withdrawn only by waiving any right to any form of hearing, unless the Commission determines otherwise. (c) When more than one person requests and justifies a formal hearing under these procedures, an alternative form of hearing may be used only if all the persons concur and waive their right to request a formal hearing. (d) The Commission will determine whether an alternative form of hearing should be used after considering the requests submitted and the appropriateness of the alternative hearing for the issues raised in the objections. The Commission's determination is binding unless, for good cause, the Commission subsequently determines otherwise. (e) If the Commission determines that an alternative form of hearing will be used, the Commission will publish a notice in the Federal Register setting forth the following information: (1) A description of the regulation that is the subject of the hearing. (2) A statement specifying any part of the regulation that has been stayed by operation of law or in the Commission's discretion. (3) The time, date, and place of the hearing, or a statement that such information will be contained in a later notice. (4) The parties to the hearing. (5) The issues at the hearing. The statement of issues determines the scope of the hearing. Sec. 1502.13 Notice of hearing; stay of action. (a) If the Commission determines upon review of the objections and requests for hearing that a hearing is justified on any issue, the Commission will publish a notice setting forth the following: (1) A description of the regulation that is the subject of the hearing. (2) A statement specifying any part of the regulation or order that has been stayed by operation of law or in the Commission's discretion. (3) The parties to the hearing. (4) The issues of fact on which a hearing has been justified. (5) A statement of any objections or requests for hearing for which a hearing has not been justified, which are subject to Sec. 1502.10. [[Page 694]] (6) The presiding officer, or a statement that the presiding officer will be designated in a later notice. (7) The time within which notices of participation should be filed under Sec. 1502.16. (8) The date, time, and place of the prehearing conference, or a statement that the date, time, and place will be announced in a later notice. The prehearing conference may not commence until after the time expires for filing the notice of participation required by Sec. 1502.16(a). (9) The time within which participants should submit written information and views under Sec. 1502.25(b). Additional copies of material already submitted under Sec. 1502.25 need not be included with any later submissions. (10) The contents of the portions of the administrative record relevant to the issues at the hearing. Except for trade secrets or other confidential information, the disclosure of which is prohibited by statute, the portions listed will be placed on public display in the Office of the Secretary before the notice is published. (b) The statement of the issues determines the scope of the hearing and the matters on which evidence may be introduced. The issues may be revised by the presiding officer. A participant may obtain interlocutory review by the Commission of a decision by the presiding officer to revise the issues to include an issue on which the Commission has not granted a hearing or to eliminate an issue on which a hearing has been granted. (c) A hearing is deemed to begin on the date of publication of the notice of hearing. Sec. 1502.14 Effective date of a regulation when no objections are filed. (a) If no objections are filed and no hearing is requested on a regulation under Sec. 1502.5, the regulation is effective on the date specified in the regulation as promulgated. (b) The Commission shall publish a confirmation of the effective date of the regulation. The Federal Register document confirming the effective date of the regulation may extend the time for compliance with the regulation. Subpart C_Appearance and Participation Sec. 1502.15 Appearance. (a) A person who has filed a notice of participation under Sec. 1502.16 may appear in person or by counsel or other representative in any hearing and, subject to Sec. 1502.27, may be heard concerning all relevant issues. (b) The presiding officer may strike a person's appearance for violation of the requirements regarding conduct in Sec. 1502.28. Sec. 1502.16 Notice of participation. (a) Within 30 days after publication of the notice of hearing under Sec. 1502.13, a person desiring to participate in a hearing is to file with the Office of the Secretary a notice of participation in the following form: (Date) Office of the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 502, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD. Mailing address: Office of the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207. Notice of Participation (Title of Regulation) Docket No.______________________________________________________________ Please enter the participation of: (Name)__________________________________________________________________ (Street address)________________________________________________________ (City, State, and Zip Code)_____________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ (Telephone number)______________________________________________________ Service on the above will be accepted by: (Name)__________________________________________________________________ (City, State, and Zip Code)_____________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ (Telephone number)______________________________________________________ The following statements are made as part of this notice of participation: A. Specific interests. (A statement of the specific interest of the person in the proceeding, including the specific issues of fact concerning which the person desires to be heard. This part need not be completed by a party to the proceeding.) B. Commitment to participate. (A statement that the person will present documentary evidence or testimony at the hearing and will comply with the requirements of Sec. 1502.25 of these procedures.) (Signed)________________________________________________________________ (b) Any amendment to a notice of participation should be filed with the Office of the Secretary and served on all participants. [[Page 695]] (c) No person may participate in a hearing who has not filed a written notice of participation or whose participation has been stricken under paragraph (e) of this section. (d) The presiding officer may permit the late filing of a notice of participation upon a showing of good cause. (e) The presiding officer may strike the participation of a person for nonparticipation in the hearing or for failure to comply with any requirement of this subpart, e.g., disclosure of information as required by Sec. 1502.25 or the prehearing order issued under Sec. 1502.30. Any person whose participation is stricken may petition the Commission for interlocutory review of that decision. [56 FR 9278, Mar. 6, 1991, as amended at 62 FR 46667, Sept. 4, 1997] Sec. 1502.17 Advice on public participation in hearings. (a) All inquiries from the public about scheduling, location, and general procedures should be addressed to the Office of the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207, or telephone (301) 504-0800. (b) Requests by hearing participants for changes in the schedule of a hearing or for filing documents, briefs, or other pleadings should be made in writing directly to the presiding officer. (c) Under no circumstances will the Office of the General Counsel of CPSC directly provide advice about a hearing to any person who is participating or may participate in the hearing. In every hearing, certain attorneys in the office are designated to represent the staff. Other members of the office, ordinarily including the General Counsel, are designated to advise the Commission on a final decision in the matter. It is not compatible with these functions, nor would it be professionally responsible, for the attorneys in the Office of the General Counsel also to advise other participants in a hearing, or for any attorney who may be called on to advise the Commission to respond to inquiries from other participants in the hearing; such participants may be urging views contrary to those of the staff involved or to what may ultimately be the final conclusions of the Commission. Accordingly, members of the Office of the General Counsel, other than the attorneys responsible for representing the staff, will not answer questions about the hearing from any participant or potential participant. (d) Participants in a hearing may communicate with the attorneys responsible for representing the staff, in the same way that they may communicate with counsel for any other party in interest about the presentation of matters at the hearing. It would be inappropriate to bar discussion of such matters as stipulations of fact, joint presentation of witnesses, or possible settlement of hearing issues. Members of the public, including participants at hearings, are advised, however, that all such communications, including those by telephone, will be recorded in memoranda that can be filed with the Office of the Secretary. (e) Separation of functions and ex parte communications will be handled as follows. (1) An interested person may meet or correspond with any CPSC representative concerning a matter prior to publication of a notice announcing a formal evidentiary public hearing on the matter. The provisions of 16 CFR part 1012 apply to such meetings. (2) Upon publication of a notice announcing a formal evidentiary public hearing, the following rules concerning separation of functions apply: (i) The CPSC staff members responsible for preparing evidence and participating in the hearing in the matter are, as a party to the hearing, responsible for all investigative functions and for presentation of the position of the staff at the hearing and in any pleading or oral argument before the Commission. These representatives of the staff may not participate or advise in any decision except as witnesses or counsel in public proceedings. Except as provided herein, there shall be no other communication between representatives of the staff and representatives of the various Commissioners' offices concerning the matter prior to the decision of the Commission. The Commission may, however, designate other representatives of the staff to advise the Commission. The designation will be in writing and filed with the Office [[Page 696]] of the Secretary no later than the time specified in paragraph (f)(2) of this section for the application of separation of functions. All employees of the CPSC other than representatives of the involved staff (except for those specifically designated otherwise) may be called upon to advise and participate with the offices of the Commissioners in their functions relating to the hearing and the final decision. (ii) The General Counsel of CPSC shall designate members of the Office of the General Counsel to advise and participate with the staff in its functions in the hearing and shall designate other members of the Office of the General Counsel to advise the offices of the Commissioners in their functions related to the hearing and the final decision. The members of the Office of the General Counsel designated to advise the staff may not participate or advise in any decision of the Commission except as counsel in public proceedings. The designation shall be in the form of a memorandum filed with the Office of the Secretary and made a part of the administrative record in the proceeding. There may be no other communication between those members of the Office of the General Counsel designated to advise the offices of the Commissioners and any other person in the Office of the General Counsel or in the involved staff with respect to the matter prior to the decision of the Commission. The General Counsel may assign different attorneys to advise either the staff or the offices of the Commissioners at any stage of the proceedings. The General Counsel will ordinarily advise and participate with the offices of the Commissioners in their functions relating to the hearing and the final decision. (iii) The Commissioners are responsible for the agency review and final decision of the matter, with the advice and participation of anyone in CPSC other than representatives of the responsible staff and those members of the Office of the General Counsel designated to assist in the staff functions in the hearing. (iv) Between the date that separation of functions applies and the date of the Commission's decision on the matter, communication concerning the matter involved in the hearing will be restricted as follows: (A) No person outside CPSC may have an ex parte communication with the presiding officer or any person representing the offices of the Commissioners concerning the matter in the hearing. Neither the presiding officer nor any person representing the offices of the Commissioners may have any ex parte communications with a person outside CPSC concerning the matter in the hearing. All communications are to be public communications, as witness or counsel under the applicable procedures. (B) A participant in the hearing may submit a written communication concerning a proposal for settlement to the presiding officer with a request that it be transmitted to the Commission. These communications are to be in the form of pleadings, served on all other participants, and filed with the Office of the Secretary like any other pleading. (C) A written communication contrary to this section must be immediately served on all other participants and filed with the Office of the Secretary by the presiding officer at the hearing, or by the Commissioner, depending on who received the communication. An oral communication contrary to this section must be immediately recorded in a written memorandum and similarly served on all other participants and filed with the Office of the Secretary. A person, including a representative of a participant in the hearing, who is involved in an oral communication contrary to this section, must, if possible, be made available for cross-examination during the hearing with respect to the substance of that conversation. Rebuttal testimony pertinent to a written or oral communication contrary to this section will be permitted. Cross-examination and rebuttal testimony will be transcribed and filed with the Office of the Secretary. (D) The making of a communication contrary to this section may, consistent with the interests of justice and the policy of the underlying statute, [[Page 697]] result in a decision adverse to the person knowingly making or causing the making of such a communication. [56 FR 9278, Mar. 6, 1991, as amended at 62 FR 46667, Sept. 4, 1997] Subpart D_Presiding Officer Sec. 1502.18 Presiding officer. The presiding officer in a hearing will be an administrative law judge qualified under 5 U.S.C. 3105. Sec. 1502.19 Commencement of functions. The functions of the presiding officer begin upon designation and end upon the filing of the initial decision. Sec. 1502.20 Authority of presiding officer. The presiding officer has all powers necessary to conduct a fair, expeditious, and orderly hearing, including the power to-- (a) Specify and change the date, time, and place of oral hearings and conferences; (b) Establish the procedures for use in developing evidentiary facts, including the procedures in Sec. 1502.30(b) and to rule on the need for oral testimony and cross-examination under Sec. 1502.26(b); (c) Prepare statements of the areas of factual disagreement among the participants; (d) Hold conferences to settle, simplify, or determine the issues in a hearing or to consider other matters that may expedite the hearing; (e) Administer oaths and affirmations; (f) Control the course of the hearing and the conduct of the participants; (g) Examine witnesses and strike or limit their testimony if they fail to respond fully to proper questions; (h) Admit, exclude, or limit evidence; (i) Set the time for filing pleadings; (j) Rule on motions and other procedural matters; (k) Rule on motions for summary decision under Sec. 1502.31; (l) Conduct the hearing in stages if the number of parties is large or the issues are numerous and complex; (m) Waive, suspend, or modify any procedure in this subpart if the presiding officer determines that no party will be prejudiced, the ends of justice will be served, and the action is in accordance with law; (n) Strike the participation of any person under Sec. 1502.16(e) or exclude any person from the hearing under Sec. 1502.28, or take other reasonable disciplinary action; and (o) Take any other action required for the fair, expeditious, and orderly conduct of the hearing. Sec. 1502.21 Disqualification of presiding officer. (a) A participant may request the presiding officer to disqualify himself/herself and withdraw from the proceeding. The ruling on any such request may be appealed in accordance with Sec. 1502.35(b). (b) A presiding officer who is aware of grounds for disqualification, whether or not raised by a participant, shall withdraw from the proceeding. Sec. 1502.22 Unavailability of presiding officer. (a) If the presiding officer is unable to act for any reason, the Commission will assign the powers and duties to another presiding officer. The substitution will not affect the hearing, except as the new presiding officer may order. (b) Any motion based on the substitution must be made within 10 days. Subpart E_Hearing Procedures Sec. 1502.23 Filing and service of submissions. (a) Submissions, including pleadings in a hearing, are to be filed with the Office of the Secretary. Two copies shall be filed. To determine compliance with filing deadlines in a hearing, a submission is considered filed on the day of filing with or mailing to the Office of the Secretary. When this part allows a response to a submission and prescribes a period of time for the filing of the response, an additional 3 days are allowed for the filing of the response if the submission is served by mail. (b) The person making a submission shall serve copies of it on the other participants. (c) Service is accomplished by mailing a submission to the address shown [[Page 698]] in the notice of participation or by personal delivery. (d) All submissions are to be accompanied by a certificate of service or by a statement that service is not required, stating the reason therefor. (e) No written submission or other portion of the administrative record may be held in confidence, except as provided in Sec. 1502.3. Sec. 1502.24 Petition to participate in forma pauperis. (a) A participant who believes that compliance with the filing and service requirements of this section constitutes an unreasonable financial burden may submit to the Commission a petition to participate in forma pauperis. (b) The petition will be captioned: ``Request to Participate In Forma Pauperis, Docket No. ___.'' Filing and service requirements for the petition are described in paragraph (c) of this section, whether or not the petition is granted; The petition must demonstrate that either: (1) The participant is indigent and a strong public interest justifies participation, or (2) The participant's participation is in the public interest because it can be considered of primary benefit to the general public. (c) The Commission may grant or deny the petition. If the petition is granted, the participant need file only one copy of each submission with the Office of the Secretary. The Office of the Secretary will make sufficient additional copies for the administrative record, and serve a copy on each other participant. Sec. 1502.25 Disclosure of data and information to be relied on by the participants. (a) Before the notice of hearing is published under Sec. 1502.13, the Assistant General Counsel for Regulatory Affairs shall submit the following to the Office of the Secretary: (1) The relevant portions of the administrative record of the proceeding. Portions of the administrative record not relevant to the issues in the hearing are not required to be submitted. (2) All other documentary data and information relied upon. (3) A narrative position statement on the factual issues in the notice of hearing and the type of supporting evidence the Assistant General Counsel intends to introduce. (b) Within 60 days of the publication of the notice of hearing or, if no participant will be prejudiced, within another period of time set by the presiding officer, each participant shall submit to the Office of the Secretary all data and information specified in paragraph (a) (2) and (3) of this section and any objections that the administrative record filed under paragraph (a)(1) of this section is incomplete, and any documents in the participants' files containing factual information, whether favorable or unfavorable to the regulation issued by the Commission, which relates to the issues involved in the hearing. (c) Submissions required by paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section may be supplemented later in the proceeding, with the approval of the presiding officer, upon a showing that the material in the supplement was not reasonably known or available when the submission was made, that the relevance of the material contained in the supplement could not reasonably have been foreseen, or that admission of the material in the supplement is necessary for a fair determination of the issues involved in the hearing. (d) A participant's failure to comply substantially and in good faith with this section constitutes a waiver of the right to participate further in the hearing; failure of a party to comply constitutes a waiver of the right to a hearing. (e) Participants may reference each other's submissions. To reduce duplicative submissions, participants are encouraged to exchange and consolidate lists of documentary evidence. If a particular document is bulky or in limited supply and cannot reasonably be reproduced, and it constitutes relevant evidence, the presiding officer may authorize submission of a reduced number of copies. (f) The presiding officer will rule on questions relating to this section. [[Page 699]] Sec. 1502.26 Purpose; oral and written testimony; burden of proof. (a) The objective of a formal evidentiary hearing is the fair determination of relevant facts consistent with the right of all interested persons to participate and the public interest in promptly settling controversial matters affecting the public health and welfare. (b) Accordingly, the evidence at a hearing is to be developed to the maximum extent through written submissions, including written direct testimony, which may be in narrative or in question-and-answer form. (1) Direct testimony will be submitted in writing, except on a showing that written direct testimony is insufficient for a full and true disclosure of relevant facts and that the participant will be prejudiced if unable to present oral direct testimony. If the proceeding involves particular issues, each party may determine whether, and the extent to which, each wishes to present direct testimony orally or in writing. (2) Oral cross-examination of witnesses will be permitted if it appears that alternative means of developing the evidence are insufficient for a full and true disclosure of the facts and that the party requesting oral cross-examination will be prejudiced by denial of the request or that oral cross-examination is the most effective and efficient means to clarify the matters at issue. (3) Witnesses shall give testimony under oath. (c) A participant who proposes to substitute a new provision for a provision objected to has the burden of proof in relation to the new provision. Sec. 1502.27 Participation of nonparties. (a) A nonparty participant may-- (1) Attend all conferences (including the prehearing conference), oral proceedings, and arguments; (2) Submit written testimony and documentary evidence for inclusion in the record; (3) File written objections, briefs, and other pleadings; and (4) Present oral argument. (b) A nonparty participant may not-- (1) Submit written interrogatories; or (2) Conduct cross-examination. (c) A person whose petition is the subject of the hearing has the same right as a party. (d) A nonparty participant will be permitted additional rights if the presiding officer concludes that the participant's interests would not be adequately protected otherwise or that broader participation is required for a full and true disclosure of the facts, but the rights of a nonparty participant may not exceed the rights of a party. Sec. 1502.28 Conduct at oral hearings or conferences. All participants in a hearing will conduct themselves with dignity and observe judicial standards of practice and ethics. They may not indulge in personal attacks, unseemly wrangling, or intemperate accusations or characterizations. Representatives of parties shall, to the extent possible, restrain clients from improprieties in connection with any proceeding. Disrespectful, disorderly, or contumacious language or conduct, refusal to comply with directions, use of dilatory tactics, or refusal to adhere to reasonable standards of orderly and ethical conduct during any hearing shall constitute grounds for immediate exclusion from the proceeding by the presiding officer. Sec. 1502.29 Time and place of prehearing conference. A prehearing conference will commence at the date, time, and place announced in the notice of hearing, or in a later notice, or as specified by the presiding officer in a notice modifying a prior notice. At the prehearing conference, insofar as practicable at that time, the presiding officer will establish the methods and procedures to be used in developing the evidence, determine reasonable time periods for the conduct of the hearing, and designate the times and places for the production of witnesses for direct and cross-examination, if leave to conduct oral examination is granted on any issue. Sec. 1502.30 Prehearing conference procedure. (a) Participants in a hearing are to appear at the prehearing conference [[Page 700]] prepared to discuss and resolve all matters specified in paragraph (b) of this section. (1) To expedite the hearing, participants are encouraged to prepare in advance for the prehearing conference. Participants should cooperate with each other, and should request information and begin preparation of testimony at the earliest possible time. Failure of a participant to appear at the prehearing conference or to raise matters that reasonably could be anticipated and resolved at that time will not delay the progress of the hearing and constitutes a waiver of the rights of the participant regarding such matters as objections to the agreements reached, actions taken, or rulings issued by the presiding officer at or as a result of the prehearing conference and may be grounds for striking the participation under Sec. 1502.16. (2) Participants shall bring to the prehearing conference the following specific information, which will be filed with the Office of the Secretary under Sec. 1502.23: (i) Any additional information desired to supplement the submission filed under Sec. 1502.25; the supplement may be filed if approved under Sec. 1502.25. (ii) A list of all witnesses whose testimony will be offered, orally or in writing, at the hearing, with a full curriculum vitae for each. Additional witnesses may be identified later, with the approval of the presiding officer, on a showing that the witness was not reasonably available at the time of the prehearing conference, that the relevance of the witness's views could not reasonably have been foreseen at that time, or for other good cause shown, as where a previously identified witness is unforeseeably unable to testify. (iii) All prior written statements, including articles and any written statement signed or adopted, or a recording or transcription of an oral statement made, by persons identified as witnesses if-- (A) The statement is available without making a request to the witness; (B) The statement relates to the subject matter of the witness's testimony; and (C) The statement either was made before the time the person agreed to become a witness or has been made publicly available by the person. (b) The presiding officer will conduct a prehearing conference for the following purposes: (1) To determine the areas of factual disagreement to be considered at the hearing. The presiding officer may hold conferences off the record in an effort to reach agreement on disputed factual questions, subject to the ex parte limitations in Sec. 1502.17(f). (2) To identify the most appropriate techniques for developing evidence on issues in controversy and the manner and sequence in which they will be used, including, where oral examination is to be conducted, the sequence in which witnesses will be produced for, and the time and place of, oral examination. The presiding officer may consider, but is not limited to, the following techniques. (i) Submission of narrative statements of position on factual issues in controversy. (ii) Submission of evidence or identification of previously submitted evidence to support such statements, such as affidavits, verified statements of fact, data, studies, and reports. (iii) Exchange of written interrogatories directed to particular witnesses. (iv) Written requests for the production of additional documentation, data, or other relevant information. (v) Submission of written questions to be asked by the presiding officer of a specific witness. (vi) Identification of facts for which oral examination and/or cross-examination is appropriate. (3) To group participants with substantially like interests for presenting evidence, making motions and objections, including motions for summary decision, filing briefs, and presenting oral argument. (4) To hear and rule on objections to admitting information submitted under Sec. 1502.25 into evidence. (5) To obtain stipulations and admissions of facts. (6) To take other action that may expedite the hearing. (c) The presiding officer shall issue, orally or in writing, a prehearing order [[Page 701]] reciting the actions taken at the prehearing conference and setting forth the schedule for the hearing. The order will control the subsequent course of the hearing unless modified by the presiding officer for good cause. Sec. 1502.31 Summary decisions. (a) After the hearing commences, a participant may move, with or without supporting affidavits, for a summary decision on any issue in the hearing. Any other participant may, within 10 days after service of the motion, which time may be extended for an additional 10 days for good cause, serve opposing affidavits or countermove for summary decision. The presiding officer may set the matter for argument and call for the submission of briefs. (b) The presiding officer will grant the motion if the objections, requests for hearing, other pleadings, affidavits, and other material filed in connection with the hearing, or matters officially noticed, show that there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and that a participant is entitled to summary decision. (c) Affidavits should set forth facts that would be admissible in evidence and show affirmatively that the affiant is competent to testify to the matters stated. When a properly supported motion for summary decision is made, a participant opposing the motion may not rest upon mere allegations or denials or general descriptions of positions and contentions; affidavits or other responses must set forth specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue of fact for the hearing. (d) Should it appear from the affidavits of a participant opposing the motion that for sound reasons stated, facts essential to justify the opposition cannot be presented by affidavit, the presiding officer may deny the motion for summary decision, allow additional time to permit affidavits or additional evidence to be obtained, or issue other just order. (e) If on motion under this section a summary decision is not rendered upon the whole case or for all the relief asked, and evidentiary facts need to be developed, the presiding officer will issue an order specifying the facts that appear without substantial controversy and directing further evidentiary proceedings. The facts so specified will be deemed established. (f) A participant submitting or opposing a motion for summary decision may obtain interlocutory review by the Commission of a summary decision of the presiding officer. Sec. 1502.32 Receipt of evidence. (a) A hearing consists of the development of evidence and the resolution of factual issues as set forth in this subpart and in the prehearing order. (b) All orders, transcripts, written statements of position, written direct testimony, written interrogatories and responses, and any other written material submitted in the proceeding comprise the administrative record of the hearing, and will be promptly placed on public display in the Office of the Secretary, except as ordered by the presiding officer. (c) Written evidence, identified as such, is admissible unless a participant objects and the presiding officer excludes it on objection of a participant or on the presiding officer's own initiative. (1) The presiding officer may exclude written evidence as inadmissible only if-- (i) The evidence is irrelevant, immaterial, unreliable, or repetitive; (ii) Exclusion of part or all of the written evidence of a participant is necessary to enforce the requirements of this subpart; or (iii) The evidence was not submitted as required by Sec. 1502.25. (2) Items of written evidence are to be submitted as separate documents, sequentially numbered, except that a voluminous document may be submitted in the form of a cross-reference to the documents filed under Sec. 1502.25. (3) Written evidence excluded by the presiding officer as inadmissible remains a part of the administrative record, as an offer of proof, for judicial review. (d) Testimony, whether on direct or on cross-examination, is admissible as evidence unless a participant objects and the presiding officer excludes it. (1) The presiding officer may exclude oral evidence as inadmissible only if-- [[Page 702]] (i) The evidence is irrelevant, immaterial, unreliable, or repetitive; or (ii) Exclusion of part or all of the evidence is necessary to enforce the requirements of these procedures. (2) If oral evidence is excluded as inadmissible, the participant may take written exception to the ruling in a brief to the Commission, without taking oral exception at the hearing. Upon review, the Commission may reopen the hearing to permit the evidence to be admitted if the Commission determines that its exclusion was erroneous and prejudicial. (e) The presiding officer may schedule conferences as needed to monitor the progress of the hearing, narrow and simplify the issues, and consider and rule on motions, requests, and other matters concerning the development of the evidence. (f) The presiding officer will conduct such proceedings as are necessary for the taking of oral testimony, for the oral examination of witnesses by the presiding officer on the basis of written questions previously submitted by the parties, and for the conduct of cross- examination of witnesses by the parties. The presiding officer shall exclude irrelevant or repetitious written questions and limit oral cross-examination to prevent irrelevant or repetitious examination. (g) The presiding officer shall order the proceedings closed for the taking of oral testimony relating only to trade secrets and privileged or confidential commercial or financial information. Participation in closed proceedings will be limited to the witness, the witness's counsel, and Federal Government employees. Sec. 1502.33 Official notice. (a) Official notice may be taken of such matters as might be judicially noticed by the courts of the United States or of any other matter peculiarly within the general knowledge of CPSC as an expert agency. (b) If official notice is taken of a material fact not appearing in the evidence of record, a participant, on timely request, will be afforded an opportunity to show the contrary. Sec. 1502.34 Briefs and arguments. (a) Promptly after the taking of evidence is completed, the presiding officer will announce a schedule for the filing of briefs. Briefs are to be filed ordinarily within 45 days of the close of the hearing. Briefs must include a statement of position on each issue, with specific and complete citations to the evidence and points of law relied on. Briefs must contain proposed findings of fact and conclusions of law. (b) The presiding officer may, as a matter of discretion, permit oral argument after the briefs are filed. (c) Briefs and oral argument shall refrain from disclosing specific details of written and oral testimony and documents relating to trade secrets and privileged or confidential commercial or financial information, except as specifically authorized in a protective order issued by the presiding officer. Sec. 1502.35 Interlocutory appeal from ruling of presiding officer. (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section and in Sec. Sec. 1502.13(b), 1502.16(e), 1502.31(f), and 1502.37(d) authorizing interlocutory appeals, rulings of the presiding officer may not be appealed to the Commission before the Commission's consideration of the entire record of the hearing. (b) A ruling of the presiding officer is subject to interlocutory appeal to the Commission if the presiding officer certifies on the record or in writing that immediate review is necessary to prevent exceptional delay, expense, or prejudice to any participant or substantial harm to the public interest. (c) When an interlocutory appeal is made to the Commission, a participant may file a brief with the Commission only if such is specifically authorized by the presiding officer or the Commission, and, if such authorization is granted, within the period the Commission directs. If a participant is authorized to file a brief, any other participant may file a brief in opposition, within the period the Commission directs. If no briefs are authorized, the appeal will be presented as an oral argument to the Commission. The oral argument will be transcribed. If briefs are authorized, oral argument will be [[Page 703]] heard only at the discretion of the Commission. Sec. 1502.36 Official transcript. (a) The presiding officer will arrange for a verbatim stenographic transcript of oral testimony and for necessary copies of the transcript. (b) One copy of the transcript will be placed on public display in the Office of the Secretary upon receipt. (c) Copies of the transcript may be obtained by application to the official reporter and payment of costs thereof. (d) Witnesses, participants, and counsel have 30 days from the time the transcript becomes available to propose corrections in the transcript of oral testimony. Corrections are permitted only for transcription errors. The presiding officer shall promptly order justified corrections. Sec. 1502.37 Motions. (a) Except for a motion made in the course of an oral hearing before the presiding officer, a motion on any matter relating to the proceeding shall be filed under Sec. 1502.23 and must include a draft order. (b) A response may be filed within 10 days of service of a motion. The time may be shortened or extended by the presiding officer for good cause shown. (c) The moving party has no right to reply, except as permitted by the presiding officer. (d) The presiding officer shall rule upon the motion and may certify that ruling to the Commission for interlocutory review. Subpart F_Administrative Record Sec. 1502.38 Administrative record of a hearing. (a) The record of a hearing consists of-- (1) The regulation or notice of opportunity for hearing that gave rise to the hearing; (2) All objections and requests for hearing filed with the Office of the Secretary under Sec. Sec. 1502.5 and 1502.6; (3) The notice of hearing published under Sec. 1502.13; (4) All notices of participation filed under Sec. 1502.16; (5) All Federal Register notices pertinent to the proceeding; (6) All submissions filed under Sec. 1502.24, e.g., the submissions required by Sec. 1502.25, all other documentary evidence and written testimony, pleadings, statements of position, briefs, and other similar documents; (7) The transcript, written order, and all other documents relating to the prehearing conference, prepared under Sec. 1502.30; (8) All documents relating to any motion for summary decision under Sec. 1502.31; (9) All documents of which official notice is taken under Sec. 1502.33; (10) All pleadings filed under Sec. 1502.34; (11) All documents relating to any interlocutory appeal under Sec. 1502.35; (12) All transcripts prepared under Sec. 1502.36; and (13) Any other document relating to the hearing and filed with the Office of the Secretary by the presiding officer or any participant. (b) The record of the administrative proceeding is closed-- (1) With respect to the taking of evidence, when specified by the presiding officer; and (2) With respect to pleadings, at the time specified in Sec. 1502.34(a) for the filing of briefs. (c) The presiding officer may reopen the record to receive further evidence at any time before the filing of the initial decision. Sec. 1502.39 Examination of record. Except as provided in Sec. 1502.3, documents in the record will be publicly available. Documents available for examination or copying will be placed on public display in the Office of the Secretary promptly upon receipt in that office. Subpart G_Initial and Final Decision Sec. 1502.40 Initial decision. (a) The presiding officer shall prepare and file an initial decision as soon as practicable after the filing of briefs and oral argument. (b) The initial decision shall contain-- [[Page 704]] (1) Findings of fact based upon relevant, material, and reliable evidence of record; (2) Conclusions of law; (3) A discussion of the reasons for the findings and conclusions, including a discussion of the significant contentions made by any participant; (4) Citations to the record supporting the findings and conclusions; (5) An appropriate regulation supported by substantial evidence of record and based upon the findings of fact and conclusions of law (unless the initial decision is to not issue a regulation); (6) An effective date for the regulation (if any), together with an explanation of why the effective date is appropriate; and (7) The periods of time for filing exceptions to the initial decision with the Office of the Secretary and for filing replies to such exceptions, in accordance with Sec. 1502.41(a)-(c). (c) The initial decision must refrain from disclosing specific details of trade secrets and privileged or confidential commercial or financial information, except as specifically authorized in a protective order issued by the presiding officer. (d) The initial decision is to be filed with the Office of the Secretary and served upon all participants. Once the initial decision is filed with the Office of the Secretary, the presiding officer has no further jurisdiction over the matter, and any motions or requests filed with the Office of the Secretary will be decided by the Commission. (e) The initial decision becomes the final decision of the Commission by operation of law unless a participant files exceptions with the Office of the Secretary under Sec. 1502.41(a) or the Commission files a notice of review under Sec. 1502.41(f). (f) Notice that an initial decision has become the decision of the Commission without appeal to or review by the Commission will be published in the Federal Register. The Commission also may publish the decision when it is of widespread interest. Sec. 1502.41 Appeal from or review of initial decision. (a) A participant may appeal an initial decision to the Commission by filing exceptions with the Office of the Secretary, and serving them on the other participants within the period specified in the initial decision. The period for appeal to the Commission may not exceed 30 days, unless extended by the Commission under paragraph (d) of this section. (b) Exceptions must specifically identify alleged errors in the findings of fact or conclusions of law in the initial decision, and provide supporting citations to the record. Oral argument before the Commission may be requested in the exceptions. (c) Any reply to the exceptions shall be filed and served within the period specified in the initial decision. The period may not exceed 30 days after the end of the period (including any extensions) for filing exceptions, unless extended by the Commission under paragraph (d) of this section. (d) The Commission may extend the time for filing exceptions or replies to exceptions for good cause shown. (e) If the Commission decides to hear oral argument, the participants will be informed of the date, time, and place of the argument, the amount of time allotted to each participant, and the issues to be addressed. (f) Within 10 days following the expiration of the time for filing exceptions (including any extensions), the Commission may file with the Office of the Secretary, and serve on the participants, a notice of the Commission's determination to review the initial decision. The Commission may invite the participants to file briefs or present oral argument on the matter. The time for filing briefs or presenting oral argument will be specified in that or a later notice. Sec. 1502.42 Decision by Commission on appeal or review of initial decision. (a) On appeal from or review of the initial decision, the Commission has all the powers given to the presiding officer with respect to the initial decision. On the Commission's own initiative or on motion, the Commission [[Page 705]] may remand the matter to the presiding officer for any further action necessary for a proper decision. (b) The scope of the issues at the public hearing is the same as the scope of the issues on appeal at the public hearing unless the Commission specifies otherwise. (c) As soon as possible after the filing of briefs and the presentation of any oral argument, the Commission will issue a final decision in the proceeding, which meets the requirements established in Sec. 1502.40 (b) and (c). (d) The Commission may adopt the initial decision as the final decision. (e) Notice of the Commission's decision will be published in the Federal Register. The Commission may also publish the decision when it is of widespread interest. Sec. 1502.43 Reconsideration and stay of Commission's action. Following notice or publication of the final decision, a participant may petition the Commission for reconsideration of any part or all of the decision or may petition for a stay of the decision. Subpart H_Judicial Review Sec. 1502.44 Review by the courts. (a) The Commission's final decision constitutes final agency action from which a participant may petition for judicial review under the statutes governing the matter involved. Before requesting an order from a court for a stay of the Commission's action pending judicial review, a participant shall first submit a petition for a stay of action under Sec. 1502.43. (b) Under 28 U.S.C. 2112(a), CPSC will request consolidation of all petitions related to a particular matter. Sec. 1502.45 Copies of petitions for judicial review. The General Counsel of CPSC has been designated by the Commission as the officer on whom copies of petitions for judicial review are to be served. This officer is responsible for filing the record on which the final decision is based. The record of the proceeding is certified by the Secretary of the Commission. PART 1505_REQUIREMENTS FOR ELECTRICALLY OPERATED TOYS OR OTHER ELECTRICALLY OPERATED ARTICLES INTENDED FOR USE BY CHILDREN--Table of Contents Subpart A_Regulations Sec. 1505.1 Definitions. 1505.2 Scope of part. 1505.3 Labeling. 1505.4 Manufacturing requirements. 1505.5 Electrical design and construction. 1505.6 Performance. 1505.7 Maximum acceptable surface temperatures. 1505.8 Maximum acceptable material temperatures. Subpart B_Policies and Interpretations 1505.50 Stalled motor testing. 1505.51 Hot surfaces. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 1261-1262, 2079. Source: 38 FR 27032, Sept. 27, 1973, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_Regulations Sec. 1505.1 Definitions. (a) The following definitions apply to this part 1505: (1) The term ``electrically operated toy or other electrically operated article intended for use by children'' means any toy, game, or other article designed, labeled, advertised, or otherwise intended for use by children which is intended to be powered by electrical current from nominal 120 volt (110-125 v.) branch circuits. Such articles are referred to in this part in various contexts as ``toy'' or ``electrically operated toy.'' If the package (including packing materials) of the toy or other article is intended to be used with the product, it is considered to be part of the toy or other article. This definition does not include components which are powered by circuits of 30 volts r.m.s. (42.4 volts peak) or less, articles designed primarily for use by adults which may be used incidentally by children, or video games. (2) The term video games means video game hardware systems, which are games that both produce a dynamic video image, either on a viewing screen that is part of the video game or, [[Page 706]] through connecting cables, on a television set, and have some way to control the movement of at least some portion of the video image. [38 FR 27032, Sept. 27, 1973, as amended at 58 FR 40335, July 28, 1993] Sec. 1505.2 Scope of part. This part sets forth the requirements whereby electrically operated toys and other electrically operated articles intended for use by children (as defined in Sec. 1505.1(a)(1)) are not banned toys or banned articles under Sec. 1500.18(b)(1) of this chapter. Sec. 1505.3 Labeling. (a) General. Electrically operated toys, and the instruction sheets and outer packaging thereof, shall be labeled in accordance with the requirements of this section and any other applicable requirements of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act and regulations promulgated thereunder. All labeling shall be prominently and conspicuously displayed under customary conditions of purchase, storage, and use. All required information shall be readily visible, noticeable, clear, and, except where coding is permitted, shall be in legible English (other languages may also be included as appropriate). Such factors governing labeling as location, type size, and contrast against background may be based on necessary condensations to provide a reasonable display. (b) Specific items. (1) The toy shall be marked in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (d) of this section to indicate: (i) The electrical ratings required by paragraph (c) of this section. (ii) Any precautionary statements required by paragraph (e) of this section. (iii) The date (month and year) of manufacture (or appropriate codes). As an alternative to putting this information on the toy itself, it may be included in the instructions provided with the toy (see paragraph (b)(3) of this section). (2) The shelf pack or package of the toy shall be labeled in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (d) of this section to indicate: (i) The date (month and year) of manufacture (or appropriate codes). (ii) The electrical ratings required by paragraph (c) of this section. (iii) Any precautionary statements required by paragraph (e) of this section. (3) Each toy shall be provided with adequate instructions that are easily understood by children of those ages for which the toy is intended. The instructions shall describe the applicable installation, assembly, use, cleaning, maintenance (including lubrication), and other functions as appropriate. Applicable precautions shall be included as well as the information required by paragraphs (b) (1) and (2) of this section, except that the date of manufacture information described in paragraph (b)(1)(iii) of this section need not be included in the instructions provided with the toy if it is placed on the toy itself. The instructions shall also contain a statement addressed to parents recommending that the toy be periodically examined for potential hazards and that any potentially hazardous parts be repaired or replaced. (4) If a toy is produced or assembled at more than one establishment, the toy and its shelf pack or package shall have a distinctive mark (which may be in code) identifying the toy as the product of a particular establishment. (c) Rating. (1) A toy shall be marked to indicate its rating in volts and also in amperes and/or watts. (2) If a toy utilizes a single motor as its only electric energy consuming component, the electrical rating may be marked on a motor nameplate and need not be marked elsewhere on the toy if the nameplate is readily visible after the motor has been installed in the toy. (3) A toy shall be rated for alternating current only, direct current only, or both alternating and direct current. (4) The alternating current rating shall include the frequency or frequency range requirement, if necessary because of a special component. (d) Markings. (1) The markings required on the toy by paragraph (b) of this section shall be of a permanent nature, such as paint-stenciled, die-stamped, molded, or indelibly stamped. The markings shall not be permanently obliterable by spillage of any material [[Page 707]] intended for use with the toy and shall not be readily removable by cleaning with ordinary household cleaning substances. All markings on the toy and labeling of the shelf pack or package required by paragraph (b) of this section shall contrast sharply with the background (whether by color, projection, or indentation) and shall be readily visible and legible. Such markings and labeling shall appear in lettering of a height not less than that specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section, except that those words shown in capital letters in paragraph (e) of this section shall appear in capital lettering of a height not less than twice that specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section. (2) Minimum lettering heights shall be as follows: Surface Area Display Marking, Minimum Height of Lettering ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Square inches Inches ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Under 5...................................................... \1/16\ 5 or more and under 25....................................... \1/8\ 25 or more and under 100..................................... \3/16\ 100 or more and under 400.................................... \1/4\ 400 or more.................................................. \1/2\ ------------------------------------------------------------------------ (e) Precautionary statements--(1) General. Electrically operated toys shall bear the statement: ``CAUTION--ELECTRIC TOY.'' The instruction booklet or sheet accompanying such toys shall bear on the front page thereof (in the type size specified in Sec. 1500.121), as a preface to any written matter contained therein, and the shelf pack or package of such toys shall bear in the upper right hand quarter of the principal display panel, the statement: ``CAUTION--ELECTRIC TOY: Not recommended for children under __ years of age. As with all electric products, precautions should be observed during handling and use to prevent electric shock.'' The blank in the preceding statement shall be filled in by the manufacturer, but in no instance shall the manufacturer indicate that the article is recommended for children under 8 years of age if it contains a heating element. In the case of other electrically operated products which may not be considered to be ``toys'' but are intended for use by children, the term ``ELECTRICALLY OPERATED PRODUCT'' may be substituted for the term ``ELECTRIC TOY.'' (2) Thermal hazards. (i) Toys having Type C or Type D surfaces (described in Sec. 1505.6(g)(2)) which reach temperatures greater than those shown in paragraph (e)(2)(ii) of this section shall be defined as hot and shall be marked where readily noticeable when the hot surface is in view with the statement: ``HOT--Do Not Touch.'' When the marking is on other than the hot surface, the word ``HOT'' shall be followed by appropriate descriptive words such as ``Molten Material,'' ``Sole Plate,'' or ``Heating Element,'' and the statement ``Do Not Touch.'' An alternative statement for a surface intended to be handheld as a functional part of the toy shall be ``HOT ____ Handle Carefully,'' the blank being filled in by the manufacturer with a description of the potential hazard such as ``Curler'' or ``Cooking Surface.'' (ii) Surfaces requiring precautionary statements of thermal hazards are those exceeding the following temperatures when measured by the test described in Sec. 1505.6(g)(4): ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Thermal Temperature Surface type (see Sec. 1505.6 inertia ------------------------- (g)(2)) type \1\ Degrees C. Degrees F. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ C................................ 1 65 149 C................................ 2 75 167 C................................ 3 85 185 C................................ 4 95 203 D................................ 1 55 131 D................................ 2 70 158 D................................ 3 80 176 D................................ 4 90 194 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ \1\ Thermal inertia types are defined in terms of lambda as follows: Type 1: Greater than 0.0045 (e.g., most metals). Type 2: More than 0.0005 but not more than 0.0045 (e.g., glass). Type 3: More than 0.0001 but not more than 0.0005 (e.g., most plastics). Type 4: 0.0001 or less (e.g., future polymeric materials). The thermal inertia of a material can be obtained by multiplying the thermal conductivity (cal./em./sec./degrees C.) by the density (gm./ cm.\3\) by the specific heat (cal./gm./degrees C.) (3) Lamp hazards--(i) Replaceable incandescent lamps. A toy with one or more replaceable incandescent lamps, having a potential difference of more than 30 volts r.m.s. (42.4 volts peak) between any of its electrodes or lampholder contacts and any other part or ground, shall be marked inside the lamp compartment where readily noticeable during lamp replacement with the statement: ``WARNING--Do [[Page 708]] not use light bulbs larger than __ watts'', the blank being filled in by the manufacturer with a number specifying the wattage rating of the lamp. Such toys shall bear the statement: ``WARNING--Shock Hazard. Pull plug before changing light bulb'' on the outside of the lamp compartment where it will be readily noticed before gaining access to the lamp compartment. (ii) Nonreplacement incandescent lamps. A toy which utilizes one or more nonreplaceable incandescent lamps (other than pilot or indicator lamps) shall be marked where clearly visible with the statement: ``SEALED UNIT--Do not attempt to change light bulb'' or equivalent. (4) Water. If not suitable for immersion in water, a toy cooking appliance (such as a corn popper, skillet, or candy-maker) or other article which may conceivably be immersed in water shall be marked with the statement: ``DANGER--To prevent electric shock, do not immerse in water; wipe clean with damp cloth'' or equivalent. [38 FR 27032, Sept. 27, 1973, as amended at 42 FR 34280, July 5, 1977; 42 FR 43392, Aug. 29, 1977] Sec. 1505.4 Manufacturing requirements. (a) General. (1) Only materials safe and suitable for the particular use for which the electrically operated toy is intended shall be employed. (2) Toys shall be produced in accordance with detailed material specifications, production specifications, and quality assurance programs. Quality assurance programs shall be established and maintained by each manufacturer to assure compliance with all requirements of this part. (3) The manufacturer or importer shall keep and maintain for 3 years after production or importation of each lot of toys (i) the material and production specifications and the description of the quality assurance program required by paragraph (a)(2) of this section, (ii) the results of all inspections and tests conducted, and (iii) records of sale and distribution. These records shall be made available upon request at reasonable times to any officer or employee of the Consumer Product Safety Commission. The manufacturer or importer shall permit such officer or employee to inspect and copy such records, to make such inventories of stock as he deems necessary, and to otherwise verify the accuracy of such records. (4) Toys shall be constructed and finished with a high degree of uniformity and as fine a grade of workmanship as is practicable in a well-equipped manufacturing establishment. Each component of a toy shall comply with the requirements set forth in this part. (b) [Reserved] (c) Protective coatings. Iron and steel parts shall be suitably protected against corrosion if the lack of a protective coating would likely produce a hazardous condition in normal use or when the toy is subjected to reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse. (d) Mechanical assembly--(1) General. A toy shall be designed and constructed to have the strength and rigidity necessary to withstand reasonably foreseeable damage and abuse without producing or increasing a shock, fire, or other accident hazard. An increase in hazards may be due to total or partial structural collapse of the toy resulting in a reduction of critical spacings, loosening or displacement of one or more components, or other serious defects. (2) Mounting. Each switch, lampholder, motor, automatic control, transformer, and similar component shall be securely mounted and shall be prevented from turning, unless the turning of such component is part of the design of the toy and produces no additional hazard such as reduced spacings below acceptable levels or stress on the connection. Friction between tight-fitting surfaces shall not be considered sufficient for preventing the turning of components. The proper use of a suitable lockwasher or a keyed and notched insert plus a suitable lockwasher for single-hole mountings shall be acceptable. Each toy shall be designed and constructed so that vibrations occurring during normal operation and after reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse will not affect it adversely. Brush caps shall be tightly threaded or otherwise designed to prevent loosening. [[Page 709]] (3) Structural integrity. Heating elements shall be supported in a substantial and reliable manner and shall be structurally prevented from making contacts inside or outside of the toy which may produce shock hazards. The current-carrying component(s) of the heating element shall be enclosed, and the enclosure shall be designed or insulated to prevent the development of a shock or fire hazard that may result from element failure. A toy operating with a gas or liquid under pressure, such as an electrically operated steam engine, shall be tested with respect to its explosion hazard and shall be provided with a pressure relief device that will discharge in the safest possible direction; that is, avoiding direct human contact and avoiding the wetting of electrical contacts. (e) Insulating material. (1) Material to be used for mounting uninsulated live electrical elements shall be generally accepted as suitable for the specific application, particularly with regard to electrical insulation (voltage breakdown) and good aging characteristics (no significant change in insulating characteristics over the expected lifetime of the toy). (2) Material used to insulate a heating element from neighboring parts shall be suitable for the purpose. If plain asbestos in a glass braid is used to so insulate the heating element, it shall be tightly packed and totally enclosed by the braid, and the overall thickness, including the braid, shall not be less than one-sixteenth inch. Hard fiber may be used for electrically insulating bushings, washers, separators, and barriers, but is not sufficient as the sole support of uninsulated live metal parts. (f) Enclosures--(1) General. Each toy shall have an enclosure constructed of protective material suitable for the particular application, for the express purpose of housing all electrical parts that may present a fire, shock, or other accident hazard under any conditions of normal use or reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse. Enclosures shall meet the performance requirements prescribed by Sec. 1505.6(b). (2) Accessibility. An enclosure containing a wire, splice, brush cap, connection, electrical component, or uninsulated live part or parts at a potential of more than 30 volts r.m.s. (42.4 volts peak) to any other part or to ground: (i) Shall be sealed by welding, riveting, adhesive bonding, and/or by special screws or other fasteners not removable with a common household tool (screwdriver, pliers, or other similar household tool) used as intended; and (ii) Shall have no opening permitting entry of a 0.010-inch-diameter music wire that could contact a live part. Cross-notch-head screws, spring clips, bent tabs, and similar fasteners shall not be considered suitable sealing devices for enclosures since they are easy to remove with common household tools. Bent tabs shall be acceptable if, due to metal thickness or other factors, they successfully resist forceful attempts to dislodge them with ordinary tools. (3) Nonapplication. The requirements of this paragraph are not applicable to an insulating husk enclosure or equivalent that covers the electrodes of a replaceable incandescent lamp and its lampholder contacts. The primary function of an enclosure containing a lamp shall be to protect it from breakage during normal use or reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse. (g) Spacings. The distance, through air or across the surface of an insulator, between uninsulated live metal parts and a metallic enclosure and between uninsulated live metal parts and all other metal parts shall be suitable for the specific application as determined by the dielectric strength requirements prescribed by Sec. 1505.6(e)(2). Electrical insulating linings on barriers shall be held securely in place. (h) Special safety features--(1) Moving parts. If the normal use of a toy involves accident hazards, suitable protection shall be provided for the reduction of such hazards to an acceptable minimum. For example, rotors, pulleys, belting, gearing, and other moving parts shall be enclosed or guarded to prevent accidental contact during normal use or when subjected to reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse. Such enclosure or guard shall not contain openings that permit entrance of a \1/4\- inch-diameter rod and present a hazardous condition. [[Page 710]] (2) Switch marking. Any toy having one or more moving parts which perform an inherent function of the toy and which may cause personal injury shall have a switch that can deenergize the toy by a simple movement to a plainly marked ``OFF'' position. Momentary contact switches which are normally in the ``OFF'' position need not be so marked. (3) Electrically operated sewing machines. Electrically operated toy sewing machines shall be designed and constructed to eliminate the possibility of a child's finger(s) being pierced by a needle. For the purpose of this paragraph, a clearance of not more than five thirty- seconds of an inch below the point of the needle when in its uppermost position or below the presser foot, if provided, shall be considered satisfactory. (4) Pressure relief valves. A pressurized enclosure shall have an automatic pressure relief device and shall be capable of withstanding hydrostatic pressure equal to at least five times the relief pressure. (5) Containers for heated materials. Containers intended for holding molten compounds and hot liquids shall be designed and constructed to minimize accidental spillage. A pot or pan having a lip and one or more properly located pouring spouts and an adequately thermally insulated handle may provide satisfactory protection. Containers intended solely for baking need not be designed and constructed to minimize accidental spillage. Containers shall be of such material and construction t + at they will not deform or melt when subjected to the maximum operating temperature occurring during normal use or after reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse. (6) Water. Electrically operated toys (such as toy irons) shall not be designed or manufactured to be used with water except for toy steam engines or other devices in which the electrical components are separate from the water reservoir and are completely contained in a sealed chamber. Toys requiring occasional or repeated cleaning with a wet cloth shall be constructed to prevent seepage of water into any electrically active area that may produce a hazardous condition. Sec. 1505.5 Electrical design and construction. (a) Switches. (1) Switches and other control devices of electrically operated toys shall be suitable for the application and shall have a rating not less than that of the load they control (see Sec. 1505.6(e)(5)(ii) regarding electrical switch overload). A switch that controls a replaceable incandescent lamp, electrode, or lampholder contact which is at a potential of more than 30 volts r.m.s. (42.4 volts peak) to any other part or to ground shall open both sides of the circuit and shall have a marked ``OFF'' position. A switch that may reasonably be expected to be subjected to temperatures higher than 50 [deg]C. (122 [deg]F.) shall be constructed of materials which are suitable for use at such temperatures. (2) Switches shall be located and protected so that they are not subject to mechanical damage that would produce a hazard in normal use or from reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse (see Sec. 1505.6(b)). (b) Lamps. (1) A replaceable incandescent lamp having a voltage of more than 30 volts r.m.s. (42.4 volts peak) between any of its electrodes or lampholder contacts and any other part or ground shall be in an enclosure that has at least one door or cover permitting access to the lamp. Such door(s) or cover(s) of the enclosure shall be so designed and constructed that they cannot be opened manually or with a flat bladed screwdriver or pliers. (2) With all access doors and covers closed, the lamp enclosure shall have no opening that will permit entry of a straight rod 6 inches long and one-fourth inch in diameter if such entry would present an electrical hazard. The lamp shall be located no less than one-half inch from any \1/4\-inch-diameter opening in the enclosure. (3) A toy having one or more lampholders shall be designed and constructed so that no live parts other than the contacts of the lampholders are exposed to contact by persons removing or replacing lamps. The shells of all lampholders for incandescent lamps shall be at the same potential. (4) If the potential between the contacts of a lampholder for a replaceable [[Page 711]] incandescent lamp and any other part or ground is greater than 30 volts r.m.s. (42.4 volts peak), the contacts shall be located in an insulating husk or equivalent. (c) Transformers. Transformers that are integral parts of toys shall be of the 2-coil insulated type. (d) Automatic controls. Automatic controls for temperature regulations shall have the necessary capacity and reliability for their particular application. (e) Power supply connections (cords and plugs). (1) A toy shall be provided with a suitable means for attachement to the power supply circuit. (2) A toy requiring a power cord shall have a flexible cord that is permanently attached to the toy. (3) The perimeter of the face of the attachment-plug cap shall be not less than five-sixteenths of an inch from any point on either blade of the plug. (4) The body of the attachment-plug cap shall decrease in cross section from the face but shall have an expansion of the body, after a suitable distance from the face, sufficient to provide an effective finger grip. (5) A flexible electrical power cord provided on a toy shall be type SP-2 (as defined in the ``National Electrical Code,'' Chapter 4, article 400, pages 230-241 (1978) \1\, or its equivalent, or a heavier general- use type, and shall be not less than 5 feet nor more than 10 feet in length when measured as the overall length of the attached cord outside the enclosure of the toy, including fittings, up to the face of the attachment-plug cap. However, hand-held educational or hobby-type products intended for heating such as woodburning tools, shall use one of the type cords designated below, in accordance with the weight of the product without the cord: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ NFPA No. 70-1978, 1978 edition of National Electrical Code, Article 400, ``Flexible Cords and Cables,'' pages 70-230 through 70-240, published by the National Fire Protection Association, which is incorporated by reference. Copies of this document are available from the National Fire Protection Administration, 60 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, Massachusetts 02269. This document is also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202- 741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/ code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register. These materials are incorporated as they exist in the edition which has been approved by the Director of the Federal Register and which has been filed with the Office of the Federal Register. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Weight of appliance (without cord) and cord type \1/2\ lb. (0.227 kg) and lighter: SP-1, SPT-1, HPD. Heavier than \1/ 2\ lb. (0.227 kg): SP-2, SPT-2, SV, SVO, SVT, SVTO, HPD, HPN, SJ, SJO, SJT, SJTO. (6) A flexible cord and plug shall have a current-carrying capacity of not less than the ampere rating of the toy, and the conductor of the cord shall have a cross sectional area no less than No. 18 AWG (American wire gauge). (7) Cords on toys which are intended to come in direct contact with water or other liquids during use shall be of a jacketed type. Cords on toys with which water or other liquids are to be indirectly used (such as for cooling a mold) shall be plastic covered. (8) Transformers in which the primary coil connects directly to the branch circuit outlet shall not be subject to the requirements of paragraphs (e) (2), (4), and (5) of this section. (f) Bushings. (1) At the point where a power supply cord passes through an opening in a wall, barrier, or the overall enclosure of a toy, a suitable and substantial bushing, insulating bushing, or equivalent shall be reliably secured in place and shall have smooth surfaces and well-rounded edges against which the cord may bear. (2) If a cord hole is in wood, porcelain, phenolic composition, or other suitable insulating material, the surface of the hole is acceptable without a bushing if the edges of the hole are smooth and well-rounded. Where a separate insulating bushing is required, a bushing made of ceramic material or a suitable molded composition is acceptable if its edges are smooth and well-rounded. (3) In no instance shall a separate bushing of wood, rubber, or any of the hot-molded shellac-and-tar compositions be considered acceptable. (g) Wiring. (1) The internal wiring of a toy shall consist of suitable insulated conductors having adequate mechanical strength, dielectric properties, and [[Page 712]] electrical capacity for the particular application. (2) Wireways shall be smooth and entirely free of sharp edges, burrs, fins, and moving parts that may abrade conductor insulation. Each splice and connection shall be mechanically secure, shall provide adequate and reliable electrical contact, and shall be provided with insulation at least equivalent to that of the wire involved unless adequate spacing between the splice and all other metal parts is permanently assured. (3) A wire connector for making a splice in a toy shall be a type that is applied by a tool and for which the application force of the tool is independent of the force applied by the operator. (4) Soldered connections shall be made mechanically secure before soldering. (5) Current-carrying parts shall be made of silver, copper, a copper alloy, or other electrically conductive material suitable for the particular application. (h) Strain relief. (1) A means of strain relief shall be provided to prevent mechanical stress on a flexible cord from being transmitted to terminals, splices, or interior wiring. (2) If suitable auxiliary insulation is provided under a clamp for mechanical protection, clamps of any material are acceptable for use on Type SP-2 (as defined in the ``National Electrical Code,'' chapter 4, article 400, pages 184-194 (1971) \2\) or equivalent rubber-insulated cord. For heavier types of thermoplastic-insulated cord, clamps may be without auxiliary insulation unless the clamp may damage the cord insulation. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\ NFPA No. 70-1971, 1971 edition of National Electrical Code, Article 400, ``Flexible Cords and Cables,'' pages 70-184 through 70-194, published by the National Fire Protection Association, which is incorporated by reference. Copies of this document are available from the National Fire Protection Association, 60 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, Massachusetts 02269. This document is also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/ code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register. These materials are incorporated as they exist in the edition which has been approved by the Director of the Federal Register and which has been filed with the Office of the Federal Register. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (3) A flexible cord shall be prevented from being pushed into the toy through the cord-entry hole if such displacement would result in a hazardous condition. (4) A knot in the cord shall not be considered an acceptable means of strain relief, but a knot associated with a loop around a smooth, fixed structural component shall be considered acceptable. (i) Additional requirements. Except for the electrodes of a replaceable incandescent lamp and its lampholder contacts, a potential of more than 30 volts r.m.s. (42.4 volts peak) shall not exist between any exposed live part in a toy and any other part or ground. (Sec. 30(a), 86 Stat. 1231 (15 U.S.C. 2079(a))) [38 FR 27032, Sept. 27, 1973, as amended at 43 FR 45552, Oct. 3, 1978; 46 FR 63251, Dec. 31, 1981] Sec. 1505.6 Performance. (a) General. Electrically operated toys and components thereof shall be tested by the appropriate methods described in this section and shall pass the tests in such a manner as to provide the necessary assurance that normal use and reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse will not produce a hazard or a potentially hazardous condition. The toy shall be capable of passing all applicable tests with any door, cover, handle, operable part, or accessory placed in any normal position. A toy shall not present a fire, casualty, or shock hazard when operated continuously for 6 hours under conditions of normal use and reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse, including the most hazardous position in which the toy can be left. (b) Enclosures. For the purposes of this section, the term enclosure means any surface or surrounding structure which prevents access to a real or potential hazard. An enclosure shall withstand impact, compression, and pressure tests (see paragraphs (b)(1), [[Page 713]] (2), and (3) of this section) without developing any openings above those specified, reduction of electrical spacings below those specified, or other fire, casualty, or shock hazards, including the loosening or displacement of components but excluding breakage of a lamp. After completion of each test, the toy shall comply with the requirements of the dielectric strength test described in paragraph (e)(2) of this section and, upon visual examination, shall not evidence the development of any hazards. Rupture of a fuse shall be considered a test failure. (1) Impact test. A toy weighing 10 pounds or less shall be dropped four times from a height of 3 feet onto a 2\1/2\ inch thick concrete slab covered with 0.125 inch nominal thickness vinyl title. The impact area shall be at least 3 square feet. The test shall be conducted while the toy is energized and operating and with all dead metal of the toy that may be energized connected together electrically and grounded through a 3-ampere plug fuse. The toy shall be dropped in random orientation. After each drop the test sample shall be allowed to come to rest and examined and evaluated before continuing. (2) Compression test. Any area on the surface of the enclosure that is accessible to a child and inaccessible to flat-surface contact during the impact test shall be subjected to a direct force of 20 pounds for 1 minute. The force shall be applied over a period of 5 seconds through the axis of a \1/2\-inch-diameter metal rod having a flat end with the edge rounded to a radius of one thirty-seconds of an inch to eliminate sharp edges. The axis of the rod shall be perpendicular to the surface being tested. During the test the toy shall rest on a flat, hard surface in any test-convenient position. (3) Pressure test. If any portion of the top of a toy has a flat surface measuring 24 square inches or more and a minor dimension of at least 3 inches, that surface shall be subjected to a direct vertical pressure increasing to 50 pounds over a period of 5 seconds and maintained for 1 minute. The force shall be applied through a steel ball 2 inches in diameter. During the test the toy shall be in an upright position on a flat, horizontal solid surface. (c) Handles and knobs--(1) General. For the purposes of tests in this paragraph, the parts of a lifting handle on a toy that are within seven-sixteenths of an inch of the surface to which the handle is attached, or the parts of a lifting knob that are within one-fourth inch of the surface to which the knob is attached, are considered to be for support purposes, and the remainder of the handle or knob is considered to be generally functional in nature. A handle or knob shall withstand crushing and lifting tests (see paragraphs (c)(2) and (3) of this section) without fracture of the handle or knob, development of an opening that may pinch the hand, or breakage of the means used to fasten the handle or knob in place. (2) Crushing test. The functional portion of a handle or knob shall be subjected to a crushign force increasing to 20 pounds over a period of 5 seconds and maintained for 1 minute. The force shall be applied through two flat and parallel hardwood blocks, each at least 2\1/2\ inches thick and each having dimensions slightly exceeding those of the handle or knob being tested. The crushing force between the blocks shall be exerted in any direction perpendicular to the major axis of the handle or knob. (3) Lifting test. The support portion of a handle or knob shall be subjected to a force equal to four times the weight of the object it is intended to support. The direction of the lifting force shall be as intended by the design of the toy and shall be applied through a \1/2\- inch-wide strap through or around a handle or by fingers or the equivalent on a knob. The force shall be applied over a period of 5 seconds through the center of gravity of the toy and maintained for 1 minute. (d) Stability. A toy shall not overturn while resting in an upright position on a flat surface inclined 15[deg] from horizontal. No spillage of molten material or hot liquids from containers shall occur while the toy is operating in this position under normal conditions of use. During this test, casters, if any, shall be in the position most likely to [[Page 714]] result in tipping, but shall not be artificially held in one position to prevent a natural rotation to another position. (e) Electrical--(1) Power input. The actual current flow in a toy without a heating element shall not exceed 110 percent of the rated value, and shall not exceed 5.5 amperes, at rated voltage. The power input to a toy with a heating element shall not exceed 105 percent of the rated value at rated voltage. The power input rating of a toy employing one or more incandescent lamps as the only power-consuming components shall be considered to be the total rated wattage of such lamps. The rated voltage shall be considered to be the mean value of a marked voltage range. (2) Dielectric strength. (i) A toy shall be capable of withstanding without breakdown for 1 minute a 60-cycle-per-second (60 Hertz) essentially sinusoidal potential of 1,000 volts applied between live parts and any dead metal parts. (ii) If a toy employs a low-voltage secondary winding (either in the form of a conventional transformer or as an insulated coil of a motor), the toy shall also be capable of withstanding without breakdown for 1 minute a sinusoidal test potential applied between the high-voltage and low-voltage windings. The test potential shall be applied at the rated frequency of the toy and shall have a value of 1,000 volts plus twice the rated voltage of the high-voltage winding. The test potential shall be supplied from a suitable capacity-testing transformer, the output voltage of which can be regulated. The waveform of the test voltage shall approximate a sine wave as closely as possible. (iii) The applied test potential shall be increased rapidly and uniformly from zero until the required test value is reached and shall be held at that value for 1 minute. Unless otherwise specified, the toy shall be at the maximum operating temperature reached in normal use prior to conducting the tests. (iv) The dielectric strength requirements of this subparagraph may also be determined by subjecting the toy to a 60-cycle-per-second (60 Hertz) essentially sinusoidal potential of 1,200 volts for 1 second. If the dielectric strength is determined by this method, the toy need not be in a heated condition. (3) Leakage current and repeated dielectric withstand tests. (i) Both before and after being conditioned, a toy intended to operate from a source exceeding 42.4 volts peak shall: (A) Not have a leakage current exceeding 0.5 milliampere, except that during the interval beginning 5 seconds and terminating 10 minutes after the toy is first energized, the leakage current of toys with heating elements other than lamps shall not exceed 2.5 milliamperes; and (B) Comply with the requirements of a repeated dielectric withstand test both with and without preheating. (ii) All accessible parts of a toy shall be tested for leakage current. If an insulating material is used for the enclosure or part of the enclosure, the leakage current shall be measured using a metal foil with an area not exceeding 10 by 20 centimeters in contact with accessible surfaces of such insulating material. Where the accessible surface of insulating material is less than 10 by 20 centimeters, the metal foil shall be the same size as the surface. The metal foil shall be so applied that it will not affect the temperature of the toy. The accessible parts shall be tested individually, collectively, and from one part to another. (iii) Following the initial leakage current test, the toy shall be cooled down or heated up to 32 [deg]C. (90 [deg]F.). The toy shall then be conditioned for 48 hours in air at a temperature of 32[deg] 2 [deg]C. (89.6[deg] 3.6 [deg]F.) and with a relative humidity of 90-95 percent. The specified relative humidity shall be maintained inside a closed compartment in which a saturated solution of potassium sulphate is kept in a suitable container. Leakage current measurements shall be made, as specified in paragraph (e)(3)(ii) of this section and before the toy is energized, while the toy is in the humidity compartment. (iv) With the connections intended for the source of supply connected thereto and then connected to the ungrounded side of a power supply circuit having a voltage equal to 110 percent of the rated voltage of the toy, the [[Page 715]] leakage current through a noninductive 1,500-ohm resistor connected between the gounded side of the supply circuit and each dead metal part (accessible and inaccessible) shall, when stable, be measured in accordance with the test provisions established in ANSI Standard C 101.1-1971, ``American National Standard for Leakage Current for Appliances,'' approved November 17, 1970, which is incorporated by reference. Copies of this document are available from American National Standards Institute, 1430 Broadway, New York, New York 10018. This document is also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http:// www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ ibr_locations.html. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register. These materials are incorporated as they exist in the edition which has been approved by the Director of the Federal Register and which has been filed with the Office of the Federal Register. (v) For a toy whose outer enclosure consists wholly or partly of insulating material, the term dead metal part means metal foil tightly wrapped around the exterior of the enclosure in a manner that covers, but does not enter into, any enclosure openings. (4) Motor operation. (i) A motor provided as part of a toy shall be capable of driving its maximum normal load in the toy without introducing any potentially hazardous condition. The performance of the toy shall be considered unacceptable if, during the test, temperatures in excess of those specified in Sec. 1505.7 for Type D surfaces are attained on any accessible surface. The performance of the toy shall also be considered unacceptable if the rise in temperature during the test causes melting, scorching, embrittlement, or other evidence of thermal damage to the insulating material used to prevent exposure of live metal parts. (ii) A motor-operated toy shall be tested with the motor stalled if the construction of the toy is such that any person can touch moving parts associated with the motor from outside the toy. The performance of the toy shall be considered unacceptable if, during the test, temperatures higher than those specified in Sec. 1505.8 are attained or if temperatures higher than those specified for Type C surfaces in Sec. 1505.7 are attained on any accessible surface of the motor. (See also Sec. 1505.50.) (5) Overload--(i) Motor. A motor-control switch that is a part of a toy shall be horsepower-rated to cover the load or shall be capable of performing acceptably when subjected to an overload test consisting of 50 cycles of operation by making and breaking the stalled-rotor current of the toy at maximum rated voltage. There shall be no electrical or mechanical failure nor any visible burning or pitting of the switch contacts as a result of this test. (ii) Switch. To determine if a motor-control switch is capable of performing acceptably when subjected to overload conditions, the toy shall be connected to a grounded supply circuit of rated frequency and maximum rated voltage with the rotor of the motor locked into position. During the test, exposed dead metal parts of the toy shall be connected to ground through a 3-ampere plug fuse such that any single pole, current-rupturing device will be located in the ungrounded conductor of the supply circuit. If the toy is intended for use on direct current, or on direct current as well as alternating current, the exposed dead metal parts of the toy shall be so connected as to be positive with respect to a single pole, current-rupturing device. The switch shall be operated at a rate of not more than 10 cycles per minute. The performance of the toy shall be considered unacceptable if the fuse in the grounding connection is blown during the test. (f) Hydrokinetic--(1) General. Electrically operated toy steam engines shall be capable of performing acceptably when subjected to the tests described in this paragraph. (2) Preliminary test. The ultimate strength of the boiler assembly shall first be determined by applying a hydrostatic pressure to the boiler with all openings blocked (the pressure-relief valve, steam exhausts, and any whistle or other accessory shall be removed [[Page 716]] and the resulting openings sealed); however, a water or other type of gage shall be left in place. The hydrostatic pressure shall be applied slowly and the ultimate value which is attained shall be recorded. (3) Pressure-relief test. A pressure gage shall be connected to the boiler assembly which shall then be operated normally. The pressure at which the pressure-relief valve functions shall be noted while the engine is shut off (if a shutoff valve is provided) and with the whistle, if any, turned off. The test shall be discontinued and shall be considered a failure if the observed pressure exceeds one-fifth the value attained in the preliminary test described in paragraph (f)(2) of this section. (4) Operating pressure test. If the boiler is still intact and no failure has occurred, the pressure-relief valve shall then be rendered inoperable and all other valves (such as a whistle and exhaust from the assembly) shall be tightly closed. Operations shall be continued until the pressure becomes constant. This test shall be discontinued and shall be considered a failure if the observed pressure exceeds one-third the value attained in the preliminary test described in paragraph (f)(2) of this section. During this test, all valves, gaskets, joints, and similar components shall be sufficiently tightened to prevent leakage. Rupture of the boiler or of any other fittings supplied with the engine shall be considered a failure. (5) Hydrostatic test. If there has been no failure, two previous untested toys shall withstand for 1 minute a hydrostatic pressure of 5 times the pressure at which the safety valve operated or 3 times the constant pressure observed with the pressure-relief valve inoperable, whichever is greater. During this test, all openings shall be blocked (the pressure-relief valve, steam exhaust from the assembly, and any whistle or other outlet); however, a water or other type of gage shall remain in place. Rupture of the boiler or of a gage shall be considered a failure. (g) Thermal--(1) General. The normal operation of a toy includes performance in normal use and after being subjected to reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse likely to produce the highest temperatures or, in the case of motor-operated toys, the load that most closely approximates the severest conditions of normal use or reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse. (2) Classification. Parts or surfaces of a toy are classified according to their use or function as follows (for the purposes of paragraph (g)(2) (v), (vi), and (vii) of this section, accessibility shall be defined as the ability to reach a heated surface with a \1/4\- inch-diameter rod 3 inches long as described in Sec. 1505.51(a)): (i) Type A. A part or surface of a toy (such as a handle) likely to be grasped by the hand or fingers for the purpose of carrying the toy or lifting a separable lid. (ii) Type B. A part or surface of a toy that is (a) part of a handle, knob, or similar component, as in Type A (described in paragraph (g)(2)(i) of this section), but which is not normally grasped or contacted by the hand or fingers for carrying (including parts of a handle within \7/16\ inch of the surface to which the handle is attached and parts of a finger knob within \1/4\ inch of the surface to which the knob is attached, if the remainder of the knob is large enough to be grasped), or (b) a handle, knob, or part that may be touched but which need not be grasped for carrying the toy or lifting a lid, door, or cover (e.g., support part of a handle or knob). (iii) Type C. A part or surface of a toy that can be touched by casual contact or that can be touched without employing the aid of a common household tool (screwdriver, pliers, or other similar household tool) and that is either (a) a surface that performs an intended heating function (e.g., the soleplate of a flat-iron, a cooking surface, or a heating element surface), or (b) a material heated by the element and intended to be used as the product of the toy, excluding pans, dishes, or other containers used to hold the material to be cooked or baked if a common utensil or other device is supplied with the toy and specific instructions are established for using such a device to remove the container from the heated area. (See also Sec. 1505.51(b)) [[Page 717]] (iv) Type C marked. A Type C surface which has been marked with a precautionary statement of thermal hazards in accordance with Sec. 1505.3(e)(2). (See also Sec. 1505.51(b)) (v) Type D. An accessible part or surface of a toy other than Types A, B, C or E (see paragraph (g)(2) (i), (ii), (iii) and (vii) of this paragraph). (vi) Type D marked. A Type D surface which has been marked with a precautionary statement of thermal hazards in accordance with Sec. 1505.3(e)(2). (vii) Type E. A heated surface in an oven or other article that is inaccessible or protected by an electrical-thermal safety interlock. Such interlocks shall prohibit the operation of a heating device whenever such surfaces are accessible and shall not allow accessibility to such surfaces until the temperatures of those surfaces have been reduced to levels below those established for Type D surfaces (paragraph (g)(2)(v) of this section). (3) Requirements. When tested under the conditions described in paragraph (g)(4) of this section, a toy shall not attain a temperature at any point sufficiently high to constitute a fire hazard or to adversely affect any materials employed and shall not show a maximum temperature higher than those established by Sec. Sec. 1505.7 and 1505.8. These maximum surface temperature requirements are not applicable to educational-or hobby-type products such as lead-casting sets and wood-burning tools which are appropriately labeled on the shelf pack or package as being intended only for children over 12 years of age provided that the maximum surface temperature of any such toy does not exceed that reasonably required to accomplish the intended technical effect. Such toys shall be provided with specific instructions and the warning statements required by and in accordance with Sec. 1505.3 (d) and (e), and shall be appropriately identified as educational or hobby- type products. (4) Test conditions--(i) General. Tests shall be conducted while the toy is connected to a circuit of 60-cycle-per-second (60 Hertz) current using the materials supplied with the toy or using materials otherwise intended to be used with the toy. Following such tests, the toy shall be energized for a 6-hour period to determine that no hazardous conditions would result from unattended use of the toy. (ii) Temperature. Normally, tests shall be performed at an ambient (room) temperature of 25 [deg]C. (77 [deg]F.); however, a test may be conducted at any ambient temperature within the range of 21[deg] to 30 [deg]C. (69.8[deg] to 86 [deg]F.). (iii) Voltage. The toy shall be tested at the voltage indicated in the manufacturer's rating or at 120 volts, whichever is greater. (5) Temperature measurements--(i) General. Temperatures shall be measured by means of instruments utilizing thermocouples of No. 30 AWG (American Wire Gage) wire (either copper and constantan or iron and constantan) and potentiometer-type instruments that are accurate and are calibrated in accordance with current good laboratory practices. The thermocouple wire shall conform with the requirements for ``special'' thermocouples as listed in the table of limits of error of thermocouples (Table VIII) in ANSI Standard C 96.1-1964, ``American Standard for Temperature Measurement Thermocouples,'' approved June 9, 1964, which is incorporated by reference. Copies of this document are available from American National Standards Institute, 1430 Broadway, New York, New York 10018. This standard is also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ ibr_locations.html. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Office of the Federal Register. These materials are incorporated as they exist in the edition which has been approved by the Director of the Federal Register and which has been filed with the Office of the Federal Register. (ii) Test procedures. The thermocouple junction and adjacent thermocouple lead wire shall be securely held in good thermal contact with the surface of the material whose temperature is being measured. In most cases, good thermal contact will result from securely taping or cementing the thermocouple in [[Page 718]] place. If a metal surface is involved, brazing or soldering the thermocouple to the metal may be necessary. The surface temperatures of a toy shall be measured with the toy operating in any unattended condition (e.g., with and without opening and closing doors or covers) for a sufficient period of time to allow temperatures to become constant, or, in the case of a toy with a thermostatically controlled heating element, for a sufficient period of time to determine the maximum surface temperature attained. A temperature shall be considered to be constant when three successive readings taken at 15-minute intervals indicate no change. (iii) Heating devices. Toy ovens, casting toys, popcorn and candy makers, and other toys requiring the insertion of any materials or substances shall be additionally tested by feeding crumpled strips of newspaper and tissue paper into or onto the toy in place of the intended materials or substances. The test strips shall be conditioned for at least 48 hours in air at a temperature of 25[deg] 4 [deg]C. (77[deg] 7 [deg]F.) and a relative humidity of 50 percent 5 percent. The test strips shall be 2 inches wide by 8 inches long before crumpling. The crumpled paper shall occupy not more than 25 percent of the accessible volume. The performance of the toy shall be considered unacceptable if flaming occurs within a 60-minute period following the attainment of normal operating temperatures. If a light bulb is used for heating purposes, the test shall be conducted using the largest wattage bulb that can be easily inserted into the socket. (h) Strain-relief test. (1) The strain-relief means provided on the flexible power cord of a toy shall be capable of withstanding a direct pull of 35 pounds applied to the cord for 2 minutes without displacement of the strain-relief unit or a deformation of the anchoring surface that would produce a stress which would result in a potentially hazardous condition. A 35-pound weight shall be attached to the cord and supported by the toy in such a manner that the strain-relief means is stressed from any angle that the construction of the toy permits. The test shall be conducted with the electrical connection within the toy disconnected. (2) The initial 2-minute test shall be conducted with the force vector parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cord and perpendicular to the anchoring surface of the strain-relief unit. Each test at other angles of stress shall be conducted for periods of 1 minute. The strain- relief means is not acceptable if, at the point of disconnection of the cord, there is any movement of the cord to indicate that stress would have resulted on the conections. (3) Except for toys weighing more than 10 pounds, the strain-relief unit and its support base shall be designed and constructed in such a manner that no indication of stress would result which would produce a hazard when the cord is held firmly in place 3 feet from the strain- relief unit and the toy is dropped the 3 feet at any angle. [38 FR 27032, Sept. 27, 1973; 38 FR 30105, Nov. 1, 1973, as amended at 43 FR 26428 June 20, 1978; 46 FR 63251, Dec. 31, 1981; 51 FR 34199, Sept. 26, 1986] Sec. 1505.7 Maximum acceptable surface temperatures. The maximum acceptable surface temperatures for electrically operated toys shall be as follows: ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Thermal Temperatures Surface type (as described--in Sec. inertia --------------------- 1505.6 (g)(2)) type \1\ [deg]C. [deg]F. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ A...................................... 1 50 122 A...................................... 2 55 131 A...................................... 3 60 140 B...................................... 1 55 131 B...................................... 2 65 149 B...................................... 3 75 167 C (unmarked)........................... 1 65 149 C (unmarked)........................... 2 75 167 C (unmarked)........................... 3 85 185 C (unmarked)........................... 4 95 203 C marked............................... 1 70 158 C marked............................... 2 90 194 C marked............................... 3 110 230 C marked............................... 4 130 266 D (unmarked)........................... 1 55 131 D (unmarked)........................... 2 70 158 D (unmarked)........................... 3 80 176 D (unmarked)........................... 4 90 194 D marked............................... 1 60 140 D marked............................... 2 75 167 D marked............................... 3 100 212 D marked............................... 4 125 257 E...................................... (\2\) (\3\) (\3\) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ \1\ Thermal inertia types are defined in terms of lambda as follows: Type 1: Greater than 0.0045 (e.g., most metals). Type 2: More than 0.0005 but not more than 0.0045 (e.g., glass). Type 3: More than 0.0001 but not more than 0.0005 (e.g., most plastics). Type 4: 0.0001 or less (e.g., future polymeric materials). [[Page 719]] The thermal inertia of a material can be obtained by multiplying the thermal conductivity (cal./cm./sec./degrees C.) by the density (gm./ cm.\3\) by the specific heat (cal./gm./degrees C.). \2\ All types. \3\ No limit. Sec. 1505.8 Maximum acceptable material temperatures. The maximum acceptable material temperatures for electrically operated toys shall be as follows (Classes 105, 130, A, and B are from ``Motors and Generators,'' Standard MG-1-1967 \1\ published by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association): --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ Copies may be obtained from: National Electrical Manufacturers Association, 155 East 44th Street, New York, NY 10017. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Material Degrees C. Degrees F. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Capacitors.................................... (\1\) (\1\) Class 105 insulation on windings or relays, solenoids, etc.: Thermocouple method \2\..................... 90 194 Resistance method........................... 110 230 Class 130 insulation system................... 110 230 Insulation: Varnished-cloth insulation.................. 85 185 Fiber used as electrical insulation......... 90 194 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Class A Class B Class A Class B ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Insulation on coil windings of a.c. motors (not including universal motors) and on vibrator coils: In open motors and on vibrator coils--thermocouple or resistance 100 120 212 248 method \2\....................................................... In totally enclosed motors--thermocouple or resistance method \2\. 105 125 221 257 Insulation on coil windings of d.c. motors and of universal motors: In open motors: Thermocouple method \2\......................................... 90 110 194 230 Resistance method............................................... 100 120 212 248 In totally enclosed motors: Thermocouple method \2\......................................... 95 115 203 239 Resistance method............................................... 105 125 221 257 Phenolic composition \3\............................................ ......... 150 302 ......... Rubber- or thermoplastic-insulated wires and cords \3\.............. ......... 60 140 ......... Sealing compound.................................................... ......... (\4\) (\5\) ......... Supporting surface while the toy is operating normally.............. ......... 90 194 ......... Wood and other similar combustible material......................... ......... 90 194 ......... ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ If the capacitor has no marked temperature limit, the maximum acceptable temperature will be assumed to be 65 [deg]C. (149 [deg]F.) for an electrolytic type and 90 [deg]C. (194 [deg]F.) for other than an electrolytic type. \2\ The temperature indicated refers to the hottest spot on the outside surface of the coil measured by the thermocouple method. \3\ The limitations on rubber- and thermoplastic-insulated wires and cords and on phenolic composition do not apply if the insulation or the phenolic has been investigated and found to have special heat-resistant properties, or if the insulation meets the thermal requirements. \4\ 40 less than melting point. \5\ 104 less than melting point. Subpart B_Policies and Interpretations Sec. 1505.50 Stalled motor testing. (a) Sec. 1505.6(e)(4)(ii) requires that a motor-operated toy be tested with the motor stalled if the construction of the toy is such that any person can touch moving parts associated with the motor from outside the toy. The performance of the toy shall be considered unacceptable if, during the test, temperatures higher than those specified in Sec. 1505.8 are attained or if temperatures higher than those specified for Type C surfaces in Sec. 1505.7 are attained on any accessible surface of the motor. (b) To determine if a moving part associated with the motor can be touched from outside the toy, the Commission staff will use a \1/4\-inch diameter rod, as referenced in Sec. 1505.4(h)(1). If the rod, when inserted into openings in the toy, can touch any moving part associated with the motor, the toy will be tested with the motor stalled. [[Page 720]] (c) The requirement that temperatures higher than those specified in Sec. 1505.8 not be attained applies to those internal components which are described in Sec. 1505.8. Additionally, temperatures of accessible surfaces shall not exceed those specified for Type C surfaces in Sec. 1505.7. (Secs. 2(q)(1)(A), 2(r), 3(e), 10(a), 74 Stat. 372, 378, 80 Stat. 1303- 1304, 83 Stat. 187-189 (15 U.S.C. 1261, 1262, 1269); sec. 30(a), 86 Stat. 1231 (15 U.S.C. 2079(a))) [43 FR 26428, June 20, 1978] Sec. 1505.51 Hot surfaces. (a) Test probe. Section 1505.6(g)(2) defines accessibility, for certain paragraphs, as the ability to reach a heated surface with a \1/ 4\-inch-diameter rod 3 inches long. To test for accessibility using this test probe, it shall be inserted no more than 3 inches into any opening in the toy. Unless the probe contacts a surface within 3 inches of the plane of the toy's opening, that surface is not accessible. (b) Accessibility of Type C and C-marked surfaces. Under Sec. 1505.6(g)(2) (iii) and (iv), touching by casual contact or without employing the aid of a common household tool shall be determined by use of the accessibility test probe described in Sec. Sec. 1505.6(g)(2) and 1505.51(a). [51 FR 34199, Sept. 26, 1986] PART 1507_FIREWORKS DEVICES--Table of Contents Sec. 1507.1 Scope. 1507.2 Prohibited chemicals. 1507.3 Fuses. 1507.4 Bases. 1507.5 Pyrotechnic leakage. 1507.6 Burnout and blowout. 1507.7 Handles and spikes. 1507.8 Wheel devices. 1507.9 Toy smoke devices and flitter devices. 1507.10 Rockets with sticks. 1507.11 Party poppers. 1507.12 Multiple-tube fireworks devices. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 1261-1262, 2079(d); 21 U.S.C. 371(e). Source: 41 FR 22935, June 8, 1976, unless otherwise noted. Cross Reference: See also 1500.14(b)(7); 1500.17(a) (3), (8) and (9); 1500.83(a)(27) and 1500.85(a)(2). Sec. 1507.1 Scope. This part 1507 prescribes requirements for those fireworks devices (other than firecrackers) not otherwise banned under the act. Any fireworks device (other than firecrackers) which fails to conform to applicable requirements is a banned hazardous substance and is prohibited from the channels of interstate commerce. Any fireworks device not otherwise banned under the act shall not be a banned hazardous substance by virtue of the fact that there are no applicable requirements prescribed herein. Sec. 1507.2 Prohibited chemicals. Fireworks devices shall not contain any of the following chemicals: (a) Arsenic sulfide, arsenates, or arsenites. (b) Boron. (c) Chlorates, except: (1) In colored smoke mixtures in which an equal or greater amount of sodium bicarbonate is included. (2) In caps and party poppers. (3) In those small items (such as ground spinners) wherein the total powder content does not exceed 4 grams of which not greater than 15 percent (or 600 milligrams) is potassium, sodium, or barium chlorate. (d) Gallates or gallic acid. (e) Magnesium (magnesium/aluminum alloys, called magnalium, are permitted). (f) Mercury salts. (g) Phosphorus (red or white). Except that red phosphorus is permissible in caps and party poppers. (h) Picrates or picric acid. (i) Thiocyanates. (j) Titanium, except in particle size greater than 100-mesh. (k) Zirconium. Sec. 1507.3 Fuses. (a) Fireworks devices that require a fuse shall: (1) Utilize only a fuse that has been treated or coated in such manner as to reduce the possibility of side ignition. Devices such as ground spinners that require a restricted orifice for proper thrust and contain less than 6 grams of pyrotechnic composition are exempted from Sec. 1507.3(a)(1). [[Page 721]] (2) Utilize only a fuse which will burn at least 3 seconds but not more than 9 seconds before ignition of the device. (b) The fuse shall be securely attached so that it will support either the weight of the fireworks device plus 8 ounces of dead weight or double the weight of the device, whether is less, without separation from the fireworks device. [41 FR 22935, June 8, 1976, as amended at 61 FR 67200, Dec. 20, 1996; 61 FR 67200, Dec. 20, 1996] Sec. 1507.4 Bases. The base or bottom of fireworks devices that are operated in a standing upright position shall have the minimum horizontal dimensions or the diameter of the base equal to at least one-third of the height of the device including any base or cap affixed thereto. Sec. 1507.5 Pyrotechnic leakage. The pyrotechnic chamber in fireworks devices shall be sealed in a manner that prevents leakage of the pyrotechnic composition during shipping, handling, and normal operation. Sec. 1507.6 Burnout and blowout. The pyrotechnic chamber in fireworks devices shall be constructed in a manner to allow functioning in a normal manner without burnout or blowout. Sec. 1507.7 Handles and spikes. (a) Fireworks devices which are intended to be hand-held and are so labeled shall incorporate a handle at least 4 inches in length (see Sec. 1500.14(b)(7)). Handles shall remain firmly attached during transportation, handling and full operation of the device, or shall consist of an integral section of the device at least four inches below the pyrotechnic chamber. (b) Spikes provided with fireworks devices shall protrude at least 2 inches from the base of the device and shall have a blunt tip not less than \1/8\-inch in diameter of \1/8\-inch square. Sec. 1507.8 Wheel devices. Drivers in fireworks devices commonly known as ``wheels'' shall be securely attached to the device so that they will not come loose in transportation, handling, and normal operation. Wheel devices intended to operate in a fixed location shall be designed in such a manner that the axle remains attached to the device during normal operation. Sec. 1507.9 Toy smoke devices and flitter devices. (a) Toy smoke devices shall be so constructed that they will neither burst nor produce external flame (excluding the fuse and firstfire upon ignition) during normal operation. (b) Toy smoke devices and flitter devices shall not be of such color and configuration so as to be confused with banned fireworks such as M- 80 salutes, silver salutes, or cherry bombs. (c) Toy smoke devices shall not incorporate plastic as an exterior material if the pyrotechnic composition comes in direct contact with the plastic. Sec. 1507.10 Rockets with sticks. Rockets with sticks (including skyrockets and bottle rockets) shall utilize a straight and rigid stick to provide a direct and stable flight. Such sticks shall remain straight and rigid and attached to the driver so as to prevent the stick from being damaged or detached during transportation, handling, and normal operation. Sec. 1507.11 Party poppers. Party poppers (also known by other names such as ``Champagne Party Poppers,'' and ``Party Surprise Poppers,'') shall not contain more than 0.25 grains of pyrotechnic composition. Such devices may contain soft paper or cloth inserts provided any such inserts do not ignite during normal operation. Sec. 1507.12 Multiple-tube fireworks devices. (a) Application. Multiple-tube mine and shell fireworks devices with any tube measuring 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) or more in inside diameter and subject to Sec. 1500.17(a)(12) of this part shall not tip over when subjected to the tip-angle test described in this section. (b) Testing procedure. The device shall be placed on a smooth surface that can [[Page 722]] be inclined at 60 degrees from the horizontal, as shown in Figure 1 of this section. The height and width of the inclined plane (not including the portion of the plane below the mechanical stop) shall be at least 1 inch (2.54 cm) greater than the largest dimension of the base of the device to be tested. The test shall be conducted on a smooth, hard surface that is horizontal as measured by a spirit level or equivalent instrument. The mechanical stop on the inclined plane shall be \1/16\ inches (1.6 mm) in height and perpendicular to the inclined plane. The stop shall be positioned parallel to the bottom edge of the inclined plane and so that no portion of the device to be tested or its base touches the horizontal surface. The device shall not tip over when the plane is inclined at 60-degrees from the horizontal. The procedure shall be repeated for each edge of the device. Figure 1 to Sec. 1507.12 [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR26MR96.011 [61 FR 13096, Mar. 26, 1996] [[Page 723]] Sec. Figure 2 to Part 1508--Headform Probe [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.062 [47 FR 47544, Oct. 27, 1982] [[Page 724]] Sec. Figure 3 to Part 1508 [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.063 [47 FR 47544, Oct. 27, 1982] [[Page 725]] PART 1510_REQUIREMENTS FOR RATTLES--Table of Contents Sec. 1510.1 Scope and purpose of part 1510. 1510.2 Definition. 1510.3 Requirements. 1510.4 Test procedure. Authority: Secs. 2(f)(1)(D), (q)(1)(A), (s), 3(e)(1), 64 Stat. 372, 374, 375, as amended 80 Stat. 1304-05, 83 Stat. 187-89 (15 U.S.C. 1261, 1262); sec. 30(a), 86 Stat. 1231 (15 U.S.C. 2079(a)). Source: 43 FR 22002, May 23, 1978, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1510.1 Scope and purpose of part 1510. This part 1510 sets forth the requirement whereby rattles (as defined in Sec. 1510.2) are not banned articles under Sec. 1500.18(a)(15) of this chapter. The purpose of these requirements is to ensure that certain infant rattles which may cause choking and/or suffocation because their design or construction permits them to enter into an infant's mouth and become lodged in the throat are eliminated from interstate commerce. Sec. 1510.2 Definition. For the purposes of this part 1510, a rattle is an infant's toy, intended to be hand held, usually containing pellets or other small objects and which produces sounds when shaken. Examples of products which may have similar noisemaking characteristics but which are excluded from the scope of this definition are: dolls, stuffed animals, crib exercisers, crib mobiles, pull toys, shoe lace holders, bells which are not part of the noisemaking component of a rattle, plastic keys or other figures on loops or chains which produce sound by striking together, games, puzzles and musical instruments such as tambourines, castanets, and maracas. Sec. 1510.3 Requirements. No portion of a rattle, when tested in accordance with the procedure of Sec. 1510.4 below, shall be capable of entering and penetrating to the full depth of a cavity in a test fixture with dimensions shown in figure 1. (In determining these dimensions for compliance purposes, the English measurements shall be used. Metric equivalents are included for convenience.) Rattles shall meet this requirement both before and after performing the use and abuse tests of Sec. 1500.51 of this chapter (excluding the bite and flexure tests of paragraphs (c) and (d)). Sec. 1510.4 Test procedure. Place the test fixture shown in figure 1 on a horizontal plane surface. Under its own weight and in a non-compressed state apply any portion of the test sample in the most adverse orientation to the opening in the test fixture. Repeat this procedure after performing the use and abuse tests of Sec. 1500.51 (excluding the bite and flexure tests of paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section). In testing to ensure compliance with this regulation, the measurements of the opening of the Commission's test fixture will be no greater than those shown in Figure 1 and the depth of the fixture used will be no less than that shown in figure 1. [[Page 726]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.067 PART 1511_REQUIREMENTS FOR PACIFIERS--Table of Contents Sec. 1511.1 Scope of part 1511. 1511.2 Definitions. 1511.3 Guard or shield requirements. 1511.4 Protrusions. 1511.5 Structural integrity tests. 1511.6 Ribbons, strings, cords, or other attachments. 1511.7 Labeling. 1511.8 Metric references. Figure 1 to Part 1511--Pacifier Test Fixture Figure 2 to Part 1511--Small Parts Gage Authority: Secs. 2(f)(1)(D), (q)(1)(A), (s), 3(e)(1), 74 Stat. 372, 374, 375, as amended 80 Stat. 1304-05, 83 Stat. 187-89; 15 U.S.C. 1261, 1262. Source: 42 FR 33279, June 30, 1977, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1511.1 Scope of part 1511. This part 1511 sets forth the requirements whereby pacifiers (as defined in Sec. 1511.2(a)) are not banned articles under Sec. 1500.18(a)(8) of this chapter. Sec. 1511.2 Definitions. (a) A pacifier is an article consisting of a nipple that is intended for a young child to suck upon, but is not designed to facilitate a baby's obtaining fluid, and usually includes a guard or shield and a handle or ring. (b) Guard or shield means the structure located at the base of the nipple used to prevent the pacifier from being completely drawn into the child's mouth. (c) Handle or ring means the structure usually located adjacent to the guard or shield used for holding or grasping the pacifier. A hinged handle or ring is one that is free to pivot about an axis parallel to the plane of the guard or shield. Sec. 1511.3 Guard or shield requirements. (a) Performance requirements. Place the pacifier in the opening of the fixture illustrated in Figure 1(a) of this part so that the nipple of the pacifier is centered in the opening and protrudes through the back of the fixture as shown in Figure 1(b). For pacifiers with [[Page 727]] non-circular guards or shields, align the major axis of the guard or shield with the major axis of the opening in the fixture. Apply a tensile force to the pacifier nipple in the direction shown. The force shall be applied gradually attaining but not exceeding 2.0 pounds (8.9 newtons) within a period of 5 seconds and maintained at 2.0 pounds for an additional 10 seconds. Any pacifier which can be completely drawn through an opening with dimensions no greater than those of Figure 1(a) by such a force shall fail the test in this part. (b) Ventilation holes. The pacifier guard or shield shall contain at least two holes symmetrically located and each being at least 0.20 inches (5 millimeters) in minor dimension. The edge of any hole shall be no closer than 0.20 inches (5 millimeters) to the perimeter of the pacifier guard or shield. Sec. 1511.4 Protrusions. (a) Protrusions limitation. No protrusion from the face of the guard or shield opposite from the nipple shall exceed 0.63 inches (16mm) when measured in accordance with the procedure specified in paragraph (b) of this section. (b) Protrusion test. Secure the pacifier by clamping the nipple with its axis horizontal. For pacifiers with hinged handles or rings the orientation of the hinge axis shall be horizontal. A plane surface shall be applied to any protrusion from the guard or shield with a force gradually attaining but not exceeding 2.0 pounds (8.9 newtons) applied in a direction along the axis of the nipple. The normal of the plane surface shall be maintained parallel to the axis of the nipple. Any protrusion shall be allowed to flex or rotate about its hinge as the plane surfact is applied to it. Measure the distance from the plane surface to the guard or shield at the base of the nipple. Sec. 1511.5 Structural integrity tests. (a) Nipple. Hold the pacifier by the shield or guard, grasp the nipple end of the pacifier and gradually apply a tensile force to the pacifier nipple in any possible direction. The force shall be applied gradually, attaining but not exceeding 10.0 pounds (44.5 newtons) within a period of 5 seconds and maintained at 10.0 pounds for an additional 10 seconds. (b) Handle or ring. Hold the pacifier by the shield or guard or base of the nipple, and push or pull on the handle or ring in any possible direction. The force shall be applied gradually attaining but not exceeding 10.0 pounds (44.5 newtons) within a period of 5 seconds and maintained at 10.0 pounds for an additional 10 seconds. (c) Heat cycle deterioration. After the testing prescribed in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, all pacifiers shall be subject to the following: submerge the pacifier in boiling water for 5 minutes and then remove the pacifier and allow it to cool for 5 minutes in room temperature air, 60[deg] to 80 [deg]F. (16[deg] to 27 [deg]C). After the cooling period, resubmerge the pacifier in the boiling water for 5 minutes. The process shall be repeated for a total of 6 boiling/cooling cycles. After the sixth cycle, the pacifier shall again be subjected to the structural tests in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section and section 1511.3. (d) Small parts. Any components or fragments which are released as a result of the tests specified in paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of this section shall be placed in the truncated cylinder shown in Figure 2, such that the component or fragment is in the lowest position in the cylinder. If the uppermost edge of the component or fragment is below the plane of the top of the cylinder, the pacifier shall fail the test in this section. Sec. 1511.6 Ribbons, strings, cords, or other attachments. A pacifier shall not be sold or distributed with any ribbon, string, cord, chain, twine, leather, yarn or similar attachments. Sec. 1511.7 Labeling. (a) As required by paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, pacifiers shall be labeled with the statement: ``Warning--Do Not Tie Pacifier Around Child's Neck as it Presents a Strangulation Danger.'' (b) The labeling statement required by paragraph (a) of this section shall appear legibly and conspicuously on [[Page 728]] any retail display carton containing two or more pacifiers. (c) Each individually packaged pacifier shall bear the labeling statement required in paragraph (a) of this section on the package legibly and conspicuously. Sec. 1511.8 Metric references. For purposes of compliance with the test procedure prescribed by this Sec. 500.46, the English figures shall be used. The metric approximations are provided in parentheses for convenience and information only. [[Page 729]] Sec. Figure 1 to Part 1511--Pacifier Test Fixture [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.068 [[Page 730]] Sec. Figure 2 to Part 1511--Small Parts Gage [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.069 PART 1512_REQUIREMENTS FOR BICYCLES--Table of Contents Subpart A_Regulations Sec. 1512.1 Scope. 1512.2 Definitions. 1512.3 Requirements in general. 1512.4 Mechanical requirements. 1512.5 Requirements for braking system. 1512.6 Requirements for steering system. 1512.7 Requirements for pedals. 1512.8 Requirements for drive chain. 1512.9 Requirements for protective guards. 1512.10 Requirements for tires. 1512.11 Requirements for wheels. 1512.12 Requirements for wheel hubs. 1512.13 Requirements for front fork. 1512.14 Requirements for fork and frame assembly. 1512.15 Requirements for seat. 1512.16 Requirements for reflectors. 1512.17 Other requirements. 1512.18 Tests and test procedures. 1512.19 Instructions and labeling. 1512.20 Separability. Subpart B--Policies and Interpretations [Reserved] [[Page 731]] Figure 1 to Part 1512--Bicycle Front Fork Cantilever Bending Test Rig Figures 2-3 to Part 1512--Handlebar Stem Loading and Entrance 8 Observation Angles Figure 5 to Part 1512--Typical Handbrake Actuator Showing Grip Dimension Figures 6-7 to Part 1512--Toe Clearance and Chain Guard Requirements Figure 8 to Part 1512--Reflectorized Bicycle Wheel Rim Abrasion Test Device Table 1 to Part 1512--Minimum Candlepower per Incident Foot-Candle for Clear Reflector \1\ Table 2 to Part 1512--Minimum Candlepower per Incident Foot-Candle for Clear Reflector \1\ Table 3 to Part 1512--Minimum Acceptable Values for the Quantity A Defined in the Retroreflective Tire and Rim Test Procedure Table 4 to Part 1512--Relative Energy Distribution of Sources Authority: Secs. 2(f)(1)(D), (q)(1)(A), (s), 3(e)(1), 74 Stat. 372, 374, 375, as amended, 80 Stat. 1304-05, 83 Stat. 187-89 (15 U.S.C. 1261, 1262); Pub. L. 107-319, 116 Stat. 2776. Source: 43 FR 60034, Dec. 22, 1978, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_Regulations Sec. 1512.1 Scope. This part sets forth the requirements for a bicycle as defined in Sec. 1512.2(a) (except a bicycle that is a ``track bicycle'' or a ``one-of-a-kind bicycle'' as defined in Sec. 1512.2 (d) and (e)) which is not a banned article under Sec. 1500.18(a)(12) of this chapter. Sec. 1512.2 Definitions. For the purposes of this part: (a) Bicycle means: (1) A two-wheeled vehicle having a rear drive wheel that is solely human-powered; (2) A two- or three-wheeled vehicle with fully operable pedals and an electric motor of less than 750 watts (1 h.p.), whose maximum speed on a paved level surface, when powered solely by such a motor while ridden by an operator who weighs 170 pounds, is less than 20 mph. (b) Sidewalk bicycle means a bicycle with a seat height of no more than 635 mm (25.0 in); the seat height is measured with the seat adjusted to its highest position. Recumbent bicycles are not included in this definition. (c) Seat height means the dimension from the point on the seat surface intersected by the seat post center line (or the center of the seating area if no seat post exists) and the ground plane, as measured with the wheels aligned and in a plane normal to the ground plane. (d) Track bicycle means a bicycle designed and intended for sale as a competitive velodrome machine having no brake levers or calipers, single crank-to-wheel ratio, and no free-wheeling feature between the rear wheel and the crank. (e) One-of-a-kind bicycle means a bicycle that is uniquely constructed to the order of an individual consumer other than by assembly of stock or production parts. (f) Normal riding position means that the rider is seated on the bicycle with both feet on the pedals and both hands on the handlegrips (and in a position that allows operation of handbrake levers if so equipped); the seat and handlebars may be adjusted to positions judged by the rider to be comfortable. (g) Recumbent bicycle means a bicycle in which the rider sits in a reclined position with the feet extended forward to the pedals. [43 FR 60034, Dec. 22, 1978, as amended at 68 FR 7073, Feb. 12, 2003; 76 FR 27888, May 13, 2011] Sec. 1512.3 Requirements in general. Any bicycle subject to the regulations in this part shall meet the requirements of this part in the condition to which it is offered for sale to consumers; any bicycle offered for sale to consumers in disassembled or partially assembled condition shall meet these requirements after assembly according to the manufacturer's instructions. For the purpose of compliance with this part, where the metric and English units are not equal due to the conversion process the less stringent requirement will prevail. Sec. 1512.4 Mechanical requirements. (a) Assembly. Bicycles shall be manufactured such that mechanical skills required of the consumer for assembly shall not exceed those possessed by an adult of normal intelligence and ability. [[Page 732]] (b) Sharp edges. There shall be no unfinished sheared metal edges or other sharp parts on assembled bicycles that are, or may be, exposed to hands or legs; sheared metal edges that are not rolled shall be finished so as to remove any feathering of edges, or any burrs or spurs caused during the shearing process. (c) Integrity. There shall be no visible fracture of the frame or of any steering, wheel, pedal, crank, or brake system component resulting from testing in accordance with: The handbrake loading and performance test, Sec. 1512.18(d); the foot brake force and performance test, Sec. 1512.18(e); and the road test, Sec. 1512.18(p) (or the sidewalk bicycle proof test, Sec. 1512.18(q)). (d) Attachment hardware. All screws, bolts, or nuts used to attach or secure components shall not fracture, loosen, or otherwise fail their intended function during the tests required in this part. All threaded hardware shall be of sufficient quality to allow adjustments and maintenance. Recommended quality thread form is specified in Handbook H28, ``Screw Thread Standards for Federal Service,'' \1\ issued by the National Bureau of Standards, Department of Commerce; recommended mechanical properties are specified in ISO Recommendation R898, ``Mechanical Properties of Fasteners,'' and in ISO Recommendations 68, 262, and 263, ``General Purpose Screw Threads.'' \2\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ Copies may be obtained from: Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. \2\ Copies may be obtained from: American National Standards Institute, 1430 Broadway, New York, New York 10018. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (e)-(f) [Reserved] (g) Excluded area. There shall be no protrusions located within the area bounded by (1) a line 89 mm (3\1/2\ in) to the rear of and parallel to the handlebar stem; (2) a line tangent to the front tip of the seat and intersecting the seat mast at the top rear stay; (3) the top surface of the top tube; and (4) a line connecting the front of the seat (when adjusted to its highest position) to the junction where the handlebar is attached to the handlebar stem. The top tube on a female bicycle model shall be the seat mast and the down tube or tubes that are nearest the rider in the normal riding position. Control cables no greater than 6.4 mm (\1/4\ in) in diameter and cable clamps made from material not thicker than 4.8 mm (\3/16\ in) may be attached to the top tube. (h) [Reserved] (i) Control cable ends. Ends of all accessible control cables shall be provided with protective caps or otherwise treated to prevent unraveling. Protective caps shall be tested in accordance with the protective cap and end-mounted devices test, Sec. 1512.18(c), and shall withstand a pull of 8.9 N (2.0 lbf). (j) Control cable abrasion. Control cables shall not abrade over fixed parts and shall enter and exit cable sheaths in a direction in line with the sheath entrance and exit so as to prevent abrading. [43 FR 60034, Dec. 22, 1978, as amended at 76 FR 27888, May 13, 2011] Sec. 1512.5 Requirements for braking system. (a) Braking system. Bicycles shall be equipped with front- and rear- wheel brakes or rear-wheel brakes only. (b) Handbrakes. Handbrakes shall be tested at least ten times by applying a force sufficient to cause the handlever to contact the handlebar, or a maximum of 445 N (100 lbf), in accordance with the loading test, Sec. 1512.18(d)(2), and shall be rocked back and forth with the weight of a 68.1 kg (150 lb) rider on the seat with the same handbrake force applied in accordance with the rocking test, Sec. 1512.18(d)(2)(iii); there shall be no visible fractures, failures, movement of clamps, or misalignment of brake components. (1) Stopping distance. A bicycle equipped with only handbrakes shall be tested for stopping distance by a rider of at least 68.1 kg (150 lb) weight in accordance with the performance test, Sec. 1512.18(d)(2) (v) and (vi), and shall have a stopping distance of no greater than 4.57 m (15 ft) from the actual test speed as determined by the equivalent ground speed specified in Sec. 1512.18(d)(2)(vi). (2) Hand lever access. Hand lever mechanisms shall be located on the handlebars in a position that is readily accessible to the rider when in a normal riding position. [[Page 733]] (3) Grip dimension. The grip dimension (maximum outside dimension between the brake hand lever and the handlebars in the plane containing the centerlines of the handgrip and the hand brake lever) shall not exceed 89 mm (3\1/2\ in) at any point between the pivot point of the lever and lever midpoint; the grip dimension for sidewalk bicycles shall not exceed 76 mm (3 in). The grip dimension may increase toward the open end of the lever but shall not increase by more than 12.7 mm (\1/2\ in) except for the last 12.7 mm (\1/2\ in) of the lever. (See figure 5 of this part 1512.) (4) Attachment. Brake assemblies shall be securely attached to the frame by means of fasteners with locking devices such as a lock washer, locknut, or equivalent and shall not loosen during the rocking test, Sec. 1512.18(d)- (2)(iii). The cable anchor bolt shall not cut any of the cable strands. (5) Operating force. A force of less than 44.5 N (10 lbf) shall cause the brake pads to contact the braking surface of the wheel when applied to the handlever at a point 25 mm (1.0 in) from the open end of the handlever. (6) Pad and pad holders. Caliper brake pad shall be replaceable and adjustable to engage the braking surface without contacting the tire or spokes and the pad holders shall be securely attached to the caliper assembly. The brake pad material shall be retained in its holder without movement when the bicycle is loaded with a rider of at least 68.1 kg (150 lb) weight and is rocked forward and backward as specified in the rocking test, Sec. 1512.18(d)(2)(iii). (7) [Reserved] (8) Hand lever location. The rear brake shall be actuated by a control located on the right handlebar and the front brake shall be actuated by a control located on the left handlebar. The left-hand/ right-hand locations may be reversed in accordance with an individual customer order. If a single hand lever is used to actuate both front and rear brakes, it shall meet all applicable requirements for hand levers and shall be located on either the right or left handlebar in accordance with the customer's preference. (9) Hand lever extensions. Bicycles equipped with hand lever extensions shall be tested with the extension levers in place and the hand lever extensions shall also be considered to be hand levers. (c) Footbrakes. All footbrakes shall be tested in accordance with the force test, Sec. 1512.18(e)(2), and the measured braking force shall not be less than 178 N (40 lbf) for an applied pedal force of 310 N (70 lbf). (1) Stopping distance. Bicycles equipped with footbrakes (except sidewalk bicycles) shall be tested in accordance with the performance test, Sec. 1512.18(e)(3), by a rider of at least 68.1 kg (150 lb) weight and shall have a stopping distance of no greater than 4.57 m (15 ft) from an actual test speed of at least 16 km/h (10 mph). If the bicycle has a footbrake only and the equivalent groundspeed of the bicycle is in excess of 24 km/h (15 mph) (in its highest gear ratio at a pedal crank rate of 60 revolutions per minute), \3\ the stopping distance shall be 4.57 m (15 ft) from an actual test speed of 24 km/h (15 mph) or greater. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \3\ This is proportional to a gear development greater than 6.67 m (21.9 ft) in the bicycle's highest gear ratio. Gear development is the distance the bicycle travels in meters, in one crank revolution. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (2) Operating force. Footbrakes shall be actuated by a force applied to the pedal in a direction opposite to that of the drive force, except where brakes are separate from the drive pedals and the applied force is in the same direction as the drive force. (3) Crank differential. The differential between the drive and brake positions of the crank shall be not more than 60[deg] with the crank held against each position under a torque of no less than 13.6 N-m (10 ft-lb). (4) Independent operation. The brake mechanism shall function independently of any drive-gear positions or adjustments. (d) Footbrakes and handbrakes in combination. Bicycles equipped with footbrakes and handbrakes shall meet all the requirements for footbrakes in Sec. 1512.5(c), including the tests specified. In addition, if the equivalent ground speed of the bicycle is 24 km/h (15 mph) or greater (in its highest gear ratio at a pedal crank rate of 60 revolutions per [[Page 734]] minute), \3\ the actual test speed specified in Sec. 1512.18(e)(3) shall be increased to 24 km/h (15 mph) and both braking systems may be actuated to achieve the required stopping distance of 4.57 m (15 ft). (e) Sidewalk bicycles. (1) Sidewalk bicycles shall not have handbrakes only. (2) Sidewalk bicycles with a seat height of 560 mm (22 in) or greater (with seat height adjusted to its lowest position) shall be equipped with a footbrake meeting all the footbrake requirements of Sec. 1512.5(c), including the specified tests except that the braking force transmitted to the rear wheel shall be in accordance with the sidewalk bicycle footbrake force tests, Sec. 1512.18(f). (3) Sidewalk bicycles with a seat height less than 560 mm (22 in) (with seat height adjusted to its lowest position) and not equipped with a brake shall not have a freewheel feature. Such sidewalk bicycles equipped with a footbrake shall be tested for brake force in accordance with the sidewalk bicycle footbrake force test, Sec. 1512.18(f). Such sidewalk bicycles not equipped with brakes shall be identified with a permanent label clearly visible from a distance of 3.1 m (10 ft) in daylight conditions and promotional display material and shipping cartons shall prominently display the words ``No Brakes.'' Sec. 1512.6 Requirements for steering system. (a) Handlebar stem insertion mark. Quill-type handlebar stems shall contain a permanent ring or mark which clearly indicates the minimum insertion depth of the handlebar stem into the fork assembly. The insertion mark shall not affect the structural integrity of the stem and shall not be less than 2\1/2\ times the stem diameter from the lowest point of the stem. The stem strength shall be maintained for at least a length of one shaft diameter below the mark. (b) Handlebar stem strength. The handlebar stem shall be tested for strength in accordance with the handlebar stem test, Sec. 1512.18(g), and shall withstand a force of 2000 N (450 lbf) for bicycles and 1000 N (225 lbf) for sidewalk bicycles. (c) Handlebar. Handlebars shall allow comfortable and safe control of the bicycle. Handlebar ends shall be symmetrically located with respect to the longitudinal axis of the bicycle and no more than 406 mm (16 in) above the seat surface when the seat is in its lowest position and the handlebar ends are in their highest position. This requirement does not apply to recumbent bicycles. (d) Handlebar ends. The ends of the handlebars shall be capped or otherwise covered. Handgrips, end plugs, control shifters, or other end- mounted devices shall be secure against a removal force of no less than 66.8 N (15 lbf) in accordance with the protective cap and end-mounted devices test, Sec. 1512.18(c). (e) Handlebar and clamps. The handlebar and clamps shall be tested in accordance with the handlebar test, Sec. 1512.18(h). Directions for assembly of the bicycle required in the instruction manual by Sec. 1512.19(a)(2) shall include an explicit warning about the danger of damaging the stem-to-fork assembly and the risk of injury to the rider that can result from overtightening the stem bolt or other clamping device. The directions for assembly shall also contain a simple, clear, and precise statement of the procedure to be followed to avoid damaging the stem-to-fork assembly when tightening the stem bolt or other clamping device. [43 FR 60034, Dec. 22, 1978, as amended at 76 FR 27888, May 13, 2011] Sec. 1512.7 Requirements for pedals. (a) Construction. Pedals shall have right-hand/left-hand symmetry. The tread surface shall be present on both top and bottom surfaces of the pedal except that if the pedal has a definite preferred position, the tread surface need only be on the surface presented to the rider's foot. (b) Toe clips. Pedals intended to be used only with toe clips shall have toe clips securely attached to them and need not have tread surfaces. Pedals designed for optional use of toe clips shall have tread surfaces. (c) Pedal reflectors. Pedals for bicycles other than sidewalk bicycles shall have reflectors in accordance with Sec. 1512.16(e). Pedals for sidewalk bicycles are not required to have reflectors. [[Page 735]] Sec. 1512.8 Requirements for drive chain. The drive chain shall operate over the sprockets without catching or binding. The tensile stength of the drive chain shall be no less than 8010 N (1,800 lbf) or 6230 N (1,400 lbf) for sidewalk bicycles. Sec. 1512.9 Requirements for protective guards. (a) Chain guard. Bicycles having a single front sprocket and a single rear sprocket shall have a chain guard that shall cover the top strand of the chain and at least 90[deg] of the perimeter where the drive chain contacts the drive sprocket as shown in figure 7. The chain guard shall extend rearward to a point at least 8 cm (3.2 in.) forward of the centerline of the rear axle. The minimum width of the top area of the chain guard shall be twice the width of the chain in that portion forward of the rear wheel rim. The rear part of the top area may be tapered. The minimum width at the rear of the guard shall be one-half the chain width. Such chain guard shall prevent a rod of 9.4 mm (\3/8\ in.) diameter and 76 mm (3.0 in.) length from entrapment between the upper junction of the chain and the sprocket when introduced from the chain side of the bicycle in any direction within 45[deg] from a line normal to the sprocket. (b) Derailleur guard. Derailleurs shall be guarded to prevent the drive chain from interfering with or stopping the rotation of the wheel through improper adjustments or damage. Sec. 1512.10 Requirements for tires. The manufacturer's recommended inflation pressure shall be molded into or onto the sidewall of the tire in lettering no less than 3.2 mm (\1/8\ in.) in height. The statement of recommended inflation pressure shall be in the English language utilizing Arabic numerals. (The following language is suggested to indicate recommended inflation pressure: ``Inflate to __ PSI.'') After inflation to 110 percent of the recommended inflation pressure, the tire shall remain intact on the rim, including while being tested under a load of 2,000 N (450 lbf) in accordance with the rim test, Sec. 1512.18(j). Tubular sew-up tires, nonpneumatic tires, and nonmolded wired-on tires are exempt from this section. Sec. 1512.11 Requirements for wheels. (a) Spokes. There shall be no missing spokes. (b) Alignment. The wheel assembly shall be aligned such that no less than 1.6 mm (\1/16\ in.) clearance exists between the tire and fork or any frame member when the wheel is rotated to any position. (c) Rims. Rims shall retain the spokes and tire when side-loaded with 2000 N (450 lbf) and tested in accordance with the rim test, Sec. 1512.18(j). Sidewalk bicycles need not meet this requirement. Sec. 1512.12 Requirements for wheel hubs. All bicycles (other than sidewalk bicycles) shall meet the following requirements: (a) Locking devices. Wheels shall be secured to the bicycle frame with a positive lock device. Locking devices on threaded axles shall be tightened to the manufacturer's specifications. (1) Rear wheels. There shall be no relative motion between the axle and the frame when a force of 1,780 N (400 lbf) is applied symmetrically to the axle for a period of 30 seconds in the direction of wheel removal. (2) Front wheels. Locking devices, except quick-release devices, shall withstand application of a torque in the direction of removal of 17 N-m (12.5 ft-lb). (b) Quick-release devices. Lever-operated, quick-release devices shall be adjustable to allow setting the lever position for tightness. Quick-release levers shall be clearly visible to the rider and shall indicate whether the levers are in a locked or unlocked position. Quick- release clamp action shall emboss the frame or fork when locked, except on fiber reinforced plastics. (c) Front hubs. Front hubs not equipped with lever-operated quick- release devices shall have a positive retention feature that shall be tested in accordance with the front hub retention test, Sec. 1512.18(j)(3), to assure that when the locking devices are released the wheel will not separate from the fork. [43 FR 60034, Dec. 22, 1978, as amended at 76 FR 27888, May 13, 2011] [[Page 736]] Sec. 1512.13 Requirements for front fork. The front fork shall be tested for strength by application of at least 39.5 J (350 in-lb) of energy in accordance with the fork test, Sec. 1512.18(k)(1), without visible evidence of fracture. Sidewalk bicycles need not meet this requirement. Sec. 1512.14 Requirements for fork and frame assembly. The fork and frame assembly shall be tested for strength by application of a load of 890 N (200 lbf) or at least 39.5 J (350 in-lb) of energy, whichever results in the greater force, in accordance with the frame test, Sec. 1512.18(k)(2), without visible evidence of fracture or frame deformation that significantly limits the steering angle over which the wheel can be turned. Sidewalk bicycles are exempt from this section. Sec. 1512.15 Requirements for seat. (a) Seat limitations. No part of the seat, seat supports, or accessories attached to the seat shall be more than 125 mm (5.0 in) above the top of the seat surface at the point where the seat surface is intersected by the seat post axis. This requirement does not apply to recumbent bicycles. (b) Seat post. The seat post shall contain a permanent mark or ring that clearly indicates the minimum insertion depth (maximum seat-height adjustment); the mark shall not affect the structural integrity of the seat post. This mark shall be located no less than two seat-post diameters from the lowest point on the post shaft, and the post strength shall be maintained for at least a length of one shaft diameter below the mark. This requirement does not apply to bicycles with integrated seat masts, however, a permanent mark or other means to clearly indicate that the seat or seat posts is safely installed shall be provided. (c) Adjustment clamps. The seat adjustment clamps shall be capable of securing the seat in any position to which it can be adjusted and preventing movement of the seat in any direction under normal conditions of use. Following the road test, Sec. 1512.18(p) (or the sidewalk bicycle proof test, Sec. 1512.18(q), as applicable), the seat clamps shall be tested in accordance with the seat adjustment clamps and load test, Sec. 1512.18(l). [43 FR 60034, Dec. 22, 1978, as amended at 76 FR 27888, May 13, 2011] Sec. 1512.16 Requirements for reflectors. Bicycles shall be equipped with reflective devices to permit recognition and identification under illumination from motor vehicle headlamps. The use of reflector combinations off the center plane of the bicycle (defined in Sec. 1512.18(m)(2)) is acceptable if each reflector meets the requirements of this section and of Sec. 1512.18 (m) and (n) and the combination of reflectors has a clear field of view of 10[deg] vertically and 50[deg] horizontally. Sidewalk bicycles are not required to have reflectors. (a) Front, rear, and pedal reflectors. There shall be an essentially colorless front-facing reflector, essentially colorless or amber pedal reflectors, and a red rear-facing reflector. (b) Side reflectors. There shall be retroreflective tire sidewalls or, alternatively, reflectors mounted on the spokes of each wheel, or, for non-caliper rim brake bicycles, retroreflective wheel rims. The center of spoke-mounted reflectors shall be within 76 mm (3.0 in.) of the inside of the rim. Side reflective devices shall be visible on each side of the wheel. (c) Front reflector. The reflector or mount shall not contact the ground plane when the bicycle is resting on that plane in any orientation. The optical axis of the reflector shall be directed forward within 5[deg] of the horizontal-vertical alignment of the bicycle when the wheels are tracking in a straight line, as defined in Sec. 1512.18(m)(2). The reflectors and/or mounts shall incorporate a distinct, preferred assembly method that shall insure that the reflector meets the optical requirements of this paragraph (c) when the reflector is attached to the bicycle. The front reflector shall be tested in accordance with the reflector mount and alignment test, Sec. 1512.18(m). (d) Rear reflector. The reflector or mount shall not contact the ground plane when the bicycle is resting on that plane in any orientation. The reflector shall be mounted such that it is to the rear of the seat mast with the top of the reflector at least 76 mm (3.0 [[Page 737]] in) below the point on the seat surface that is intersected by the line of the seat post. The optical axis of the reflector shall be directed rearward within 5[deg] of the horizontal-vertical alignment of the bicycle when the wheels are traveling in a straight line, as defined in Sec. 1512.18(m)(2). The reflectors and/or mounts shall incorporate a distinct, preferred assembly method that shall insure that the reflector meets the optical requirements of this paragraph (d) when the reflector is attached to the bicycle. The rear reflector shall be tested in accordance with the reflector mount and alignment test, Sec. 1512.18(m). (e) Pedal reflectors. Each pedal shall have reflectors located on the front and rear surfaces of the pedal. The reflector elements may be either integral with the construction of the pedal or mechanically attached, but shall be sufficiently recessed from the edge of the pedal, or of the reflector housing, to prevent contact of the reflector element with a flat surface placed in contact with the edge of the pedal. (f) Side reflectors. Reflectors affixed to the wheel spokes shall be mounted either flat on the spokes or within the spoke cage such that the angle between the optical axis and the normal to the plane of the wheel shall not exceed the angle of the spokes with the plane of the wheel. The reflectors shall not interfere with any wheel adjustments. The side- mounted reflector devices shall be essentially colorless or amber on the front wheel and essentially colorless or red on the rear wheel. (g) Reflector tests. The pedal, front-mount, rear-mount, and side- mount reflectors shall be tested in accordance with the reflector test, Sec. 1512.18(n), to assure the reflectance values over the angles given in tables 1 and 2. (h) Retroreflective tire sidewalls. When retroreflective tire sidewalls are used in lieu of spoke-mounted reflectors, the reflecting material shall meet the following requirements: (1) The retroreflective material shall form a continuous circle on the sidewall. (2) The retroreflective material shall adhere to the tire such that after the tire has been subjected to a temperature of 50[deg] 3 [deg]C (122[deg] 5.4 [deg]F) for 30 minutes, the retroreflective material cannot be peeled or scraped away without removal of tire material. (3) The retroreflective material shall be as resistant to abrasion as is the adjacent sidewall material so that when retroreflective material is removed from the inflated tire by abrasion with a wet, steel bristle brush, tire material will be removed along with the retroreflective material. (4) The retroreflective material shall be tested for performance in accordance with the retroreflective tire test, Sec. 1512.18(o), to assure the reflectance properties over the angles given in table 3. When a portion of the retroreflective material is selected (and the remainder is masked as specified in Sec. 1512.18(o)(2)(i)), the selected portion shall not contact the ground plane when the assembled bicycle is resting on that plane in any orientation. (i) Retroreflective rims. When retroreflective rims are used in lieu of spoke-mounted reflectors or retroreflective tire sidewalls, the reflecting material shall meet the following requirements: (1) The retroreflective material shall form a continuous circle on the rim. (2) If the retroreflective material is applied to the rim in the form of a self-adhesive tape, the following requirement must be met: Use a sharp knife, razor blade, or similar instrument to carefully release an end of the tape material sufficient to be grasped between the thumb and finger. Grasp the freed tape end and gradually pull in a direction 90[deg] to the plane of the rim. The tape material must break before additional separation (peeling) from the rim is observed. (3) After the retroreflective material is abraded in accordance with the abrasion test for retroreflective rims at Sec. 1512.18(r), the rim must then be tested for performance in accordance with the retroreflective tire and rim test at Sec. 1512.18(o), to assure the reflectance properties over the angles given in table 3. [43 FR 60034, Dec. 22, 1978, as amended at 45 FR 82627, 82628, Dec. 16, 1980] Sec. 1512.17 Other requirements. (a) Road test. Bicycles, other than sidewalk bicycles, shall be ridden at [[Page 738]] least 6.4 km (4.0 mi.) by a rider weighing at least 68.1kg (150 lb.) and travel five times over a 30.5 m (100 ft.) cleated course in accordance with the road test, Sec. 1512.18(p), and shall exhibit stable handling, turning, and steering characteristics without difficulty of operation. There shall be no system or component failure of the structure, brakes, or tires, and there shall be no loosening or misalignment of the seat, handlebars, controls, or reflectors during or resulting from this test. (b) Sidewalk bicycle proof test. Sidewalk bicycles shall be dropped a distance of at least 300 mm (1.0 ft.) three times onto a paved surface with weights attached in accordance with the sidewalk bicycle proof test, Sec. 1512.18(q). There shall be no fracture of wheels, frame, seat, handlebars, or fork during or resulting from this test. (c) Ground clearance. With the pedal horizontal and the pedal crank in its lowest position and any training wheels removed, it shall be possible to tilt the bicycle at least 25[deg] from the vertical without the pedal or any other part (other than tires) contacting the ground plane. (d) Toe clearance. Bicycles not equipped with positive foot- retaining devices (such as toe clips) shall have at least 89 mm (3\1/2\ in) clearance between the pedal and the front tire or fender (when turned to any position). The clearance shall be measured forward and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bicycle from the center of either pedal to the arc swept by the tire or fender, whichever results in the least clearance. (See figure 6 of this part 1512.) Sec. 1512.18 Tests and test procedures. (a) Sharp edge test. [Reserved] (b) [Reserved] (c) Protective cap and end-mounted devices test. (Ref. Sec. 1512.4(i), Sec. 1512.6(d).) Any device suitable for exerting a removal force of at least 67 N (15 lbf) for protective caps and 8.9 N (2.0 lbf) for end caps at any point and in any direction may be used. All protective caps and end-mounted handlebar devices shall be tested to determine that they cannot be removed by application of the specified forces. (d) Handbrake loading and performance test: (Ref. Sec. 1512.5(b)). (1) Apparatus. A spring scale or other suitable device for measuring the specified forces on the handbrake levers and a dry, clean, level, paved surface of adequate length. (2) Procedure. The loading test, Sec. 1512.18(d)(2)(i), and the rocking test, Sec. 1512.18(d)(2)(iii), shall be performed before the performance test, Sec. 1512.18(d)(2)(v), is performed and no adjustments shall be made between these tests. (i) Loading test procedure. The hand levers shall be actuated with a force applied at a point no more than 25 mm (1.0 in) from the open end of the lever. If the hand lever contacts the handlebar (bottoms) before a force of 445 N (100 lbf) is reached, the loading may be stopped at that point, otherwise the loading shall be increased to at least 445 N (100 lbf). \4\ Application of the loading force shall be repeated for a total of 10 times and all brake components shall be inspected. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \4\ For hand lever extensions, the loading shall be continued until a force of 445 N (100 lbf) is reached or the hand lever extension is in the same plane as the upper surface of the handlebars or the extension lever contacts the handlebars. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (ii) Loading test criteria. There shall be no visible fractures, failures, misalignments, and clearances not in compliance with applicable parts of Sec. 1512.5. (iii) Rocking test procedure. A weight of at least 68.1 kg (150 lb) shall be placed on the seat; the force required for the hand levers to contact the handlebars or 445 N (100 lbf), as determined in Sec. 1512.18(d)(2), shall be applied to the hand levers; \4\ and the bicycle shall be rocked forward and backward over a dry, clean, level, paved surface at least six times and for a distance of at least 76 mm (3 in) in each direction. (iv) Rocking test criteria. There shall be no loosening of the brake pads, pad holders, or cable and hand-lever securing devices or any other functional brake component. (v) Performance test procedure. The following test conditions, unless otherwise specified in this part 1512, shall be followed: (A) The bicycle shall be ridden over a dry, clean, smooth paved test course [[Page 739]] free from protruding aggregate. The test course shall provide a coefficient of friction of less then 1.0 and shall have a slope of less than 1 percent. (B) The wind velocity shall be less than 11 km/h (7 mph). (C) Only the brake system under test shall be actuated. (D) The bicycle shall attain the specified ground speed while the rider is in the normal riding position. (E) The rider shall remain in the normal riding position throughout the test. (F) The bicycle must be moving in a straight line at the start of brake application. (G) Corrections for velocity at the initiation of braking may be made. The corrected braking distance shall be computed as follow: Sc = (Vs / Vm)\2\Sm where: Sc = Corrected braking distance, Vs = Specified test velocity. Vm = Measured test velocity, Sm = Measured braking distance. The test run is invalid if at the commencement of the test, the measured test speed of the bicycle is not less than nor greater than the test speed required by this part 1512 by 1.5 km/h (0.9 mph). (H) Four test runs are required. The stopping distance shall be determined by averaging the results of the four test runs. (I) The stopping distances specified are based on a rider weight of at least 68.1 kg (150 lb) and a maximum rider and weight combination of 91 kg (200 lb). Greater stopping distances are allowable for heavier riders and test equipment weights at the rate of 0.30 m per 4.5 kg (1.0 ft per 10 lb). (J) A test run is invalid if front-wheel lockup occurs. (vi) Performance test criteria. The stopping force applied to the hand lever at a point no closer than 25 mm (1.0 in) from the open end shall not exceed 178 N (40 lbf). Bicycles with an equivalent ground speed in excess of 24 km/h (15 mph) (in its highest gear ratio at a pedal crank rate of 60 revolutions per minute) \3\ shall stop from an actual test speed of 24 km/h (15 mph) or greater within a distance of 4.57 m (15 ft); when the equivalent ground speed is less than 24 km/h (15 mph) under the same conditions, the bicycle shall stop from an actual test speed of 16 km/h (10 mph) or greater within a distance of 4.57 m (15 ft). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \3\ See footnote 3 to Sec. 1512.5. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (e) Footbrake force and performance test. (Ref. Sec. 1512.5(c) (1) and (2)): (1) Apparatus. Suitable devices for exerting and measuring the required forces and a dry, clean, level, paved surface of adequate length. (2) Force test. The braking force shall be measured as the wheel is rotated in a direction of forward motion, and the braking force is measured in a direction tangential to the tire during a steady pull after the wheel completes one-half revolution but before the wheel completes one revolution. The brake shall be capable of producing a linearly proportional brake force for a gradually applied pedal force from 89 N to 310 N (20 to 70 lbf) and shall not be less than 178 N (40 lbf) for an applied pedal force of 310 N (70 lbf). All data points must fall within plus or minus 20 percent of the brake force, based on the measured brake load using the least square method of obtaining the best straight line curve. (3) Performance test. The procedure of Sec. 1512.18(d)(2)(v) shall be followed to test the footbrake performance. The stopping distance shall be less than 4.57 m (15 ft) from an actual test speed of 16 km/h (10 mph). In addition, if the equivalent ground speed of the bicycle is in excess of 24 km/h (15 mph) (in its highest gear ratio at a pedal crank rate of 60 revolutions per minute), \3\ the stopping distance shall be 4.57 m (15 ft) from an actual test speed of 24 km/h (15 mph) or greater. Note: No allowance shall be made for rider weight. See Sec. 1512.5(d) for additional requirements for bicycles with both handbrakes and footbrakes. (f) Sidewalk bicycle footbrake force test. For sidewalk bicycles, the footbrake force test is the same as for bicycles except; the brake force transmitted to the rear wheel shall continually increase as the pedal force is increased from 44.5 N to 225 N (10 to 50 lbf). The ratio of applied pedal force to braking [[Page 740]] force shall not be greater than two-to-one. (g) Handlebar stem test. (Ref. Sec. 1512.6(b)): (1) Procedure. The handlebar stem shall be tested for strength by applying a force of 2000 N (450 lbf), in a forward direction, for bicycles, or 1000 N (225 lbf) for sidewalk bicycles, at a point in line with the handlbar attachment point and at an angle of 45[deg] from the stem centerline (See fig. 2). (2) Criteria. No visible fractures shall result from this test. (h) Handlebar test. (Ref. Sec. 1512.6(e)): (1) Stem-to-fork clamp test--(i) Procedure. The handlebar and handlebar stem shall be assembled to the bicycle in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. The handlebar-fork assembly shall be subjected to a torque applied about the axis of the stem, and shall then be disassembled and examined for signs of structural damage including cracking, splitting, stripping of threads, bearing damage, and bulging of the stem and fork structures. The handlebar and handlebar stem components shall be inspected for visible signs of galling, gouging, and scoring not due to normal assembly and disassembly operations. (ii) Criteria. There shall be no visible movement between the stem and fork when a torque of 47 + 3, -0 N-m (35 + 2, -0 ft = lb) for bicycles and 20 + 3, -0 N-m (15 + 2, - 0 ft = lb) for sidewalk bicycles is applied to the handlebar about the stem-to-fork axis. There shall be no visible signs of damage to the stem-to-fork assembly or any component part thereof. (2) Handlebar strength and clamp test--(i) Procedure. The stem shall be in place on the bicycle or in an equivalent test fixture and secured according to manufacturer's instructions. A load shall be applied equally to each handlebar end in a direction to cause the greatest torque about the handlebar-to-stem clamp; deflection shall be measured along the line of applied force. (ii) Criteria. The handlebars shall support a force of no less than 445 N (100 lbf) or absorb no less than 22.6 J (200 in-lb) of energy through a maximum deflection of no more than 76 mm (3.0 in.); the handlebar clamp shall prevent rotational movement of the handlebars relative to the clamp, and there shall be no visible fractures. (i) Pedal slip test. [Reserved] (j) Rim test. (Ref. Sec. Sec. 1512.10 and 1512.11(c)): (1) Procedure. Only one wheel need be tested if the front and rear wheel are of identical construction. The wheel to be tested shall be removed from the bicycle and be supported circumferentially around the tire sidewall. A load of 2000 N (450 lbf) shall be applied to the axle and normal to the plane of the wheel for at least 30 seconds. If the wheel hub is offset, the load shall be applied in the direction of the offset. (2) Criteria. The wheel and tire assembly shall be inspected for compliance with the requirements of Sec. 1512.11(a) and shall be remounted on the bicycle according to the manufacturer's instructions and shall turn freely without roughness and shall comply with the requirement of Sec. 1512.11(b). (3) Front hub retention test. (Ref. Sec. 1512.12(c)). (i) Procedures. Front hub locking devices shall be released. When threaded nuts and axles are used, the nuts shall be open at least 360[deg] from a finger tight condition. A separation force of at least 111 N (25 lb) shall be applied to the hub on a line along the slots in the fork ends. (ii) Criteria. The front hub shall not separate from the fork; fenders, mudguards, struts, and brakes shall not be allowed to restrain the separation. (k) Fork and frame test. (Ref. Sec. Sec. 1512.13 and 1512.14): (1) Fork test--(i) Procedure. With the fork stem supported in a 76 mm (3.0 in) vee block and secured by the method illustrated in figure 1 of this part 1512, a load shall be applied at the axle attachment in a direction perpendicular to the centerline of the stem and against the direction of the rake. Load and deflection readings shall be recorded and plotted at the point of loading. (ii) Criteria. Energy of at least 39.5 J (350 in-lb) shall be absorbed with a deflection in the direction of the force of no more than 64 mm (2\1/2\ in.). (2) Fork and frame assembly test--(i) Procedure. The fork, or one identical to that tested in accordance with the fork test, Sec. 1512.18(k)(1), shall be replaced on [[Page 741]] the bicycle in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions; and a load of 890 N (200 lbf), or an energy of at least 39.5 J (350 in-lb), whichever results in the greater force, shall be applied to the fork at the axle attachment point against the direction of the rake in line with the rear wheel axle. The test load shall be counteracted by a force applied at the location of the rear axle during this test. (ii) Criteria. There shall be no visible evidence of fracture and no deformation of frame that significantly limits the steering angle over which the front wheel can be turned. (l) Seat adjustment clamps and load test. (Ref. Sec. 1512.15(c)). (1) Procedure. A force of at least 668 N (150 lbf) shall be applied vertically downward (334 N (75 lbf) for sidewalk bicycles) to a point within 25 mm (1.0 in.) from either the front or rear of the seat, whichever produces the greatest torque on the seat clamp. After removal of this force, a force of 222 N (50 lbf) shall then be applied horizontally (111 N (25 lbf) for sidewalk bicycles) to a point within 25 mm (1.0 in.) from either the front or rear of the seat, whichever produces the greatest torque on the clamp. (2) Criteria. No movement of the seat with respect to the seat post, or of the seat post with respect to the bicycle frame, shall have resulted from application of the forces specified. (m) Reflector mount and alignment test. (Ref. Sec. 1512.16 (c) and (d)): (1) Procedure. A force of 89 N (20 lbf) shall be applied to the reflector mount in at least three directions selected as most likely to affect its alignment. At least one of those directions shall be selected to represent a force that would be expected in lifting the bicycle by grasping the reflector. (2) Criteria. (i) During test: The optical axis of the reflector shall remain parallel within 15[deg] to the line or intersection of the ground plane and the center plane of the bicycle defined as a plane containing both wheels and the centerlines of the down tube and seat mast. (ii) Post test: The optical axis of the reflector shall remain parallel within 5[deg] to the line or intersection of the ground plane and the center plane of the bicycle defined as a plane containing both wheels and the centerlines of the down tube and seat mast. (n) Reflector test. (Ref. Sec. 1512.16(g)): (1) Conditioning. The following conditioning in the order given shall be performed prior to testing for performance. (i) Warpage conditioning. The reflector shall be held in a preheated oven for at least one hour at 50[deg] 5 [deg]C (1225.4 [deg]F). A pedal reflector may be conditioned integrally with its pedal. (ii) Mechanical impact conditioning. The reflector shall be mounted faceup in a manner similar to the way in which it is mounted on the bicycle. A 13 mm (\1/2\ in.) diameter polished steel ball shall be dropped normal to the center of the face of the reflector from a height of 0.76 m (30 in.). The ball may be guided by a tube with holes, but not restricted in free fall. Pedal reflectors are exempt from this impact conditioning. (iii) Moisture conditioning. The reflector shall be submerged in tap water in a suitable container. The container shall be pressurized in 17.2 kN/m\2\ (2.5 psi) (equivalent to 1.7 m (5\3/4\ ft.)) of water for 15 minutes and then released. (2) Reflector performance test. (i) Arrangements for the reflector performance test shall be as shown in figure 3 and the distance D between the light source and the reflector shall be 30.5 m (100 ft.). The source of illumination shall be a lamp with a 51 mm (2.0 in.) effective diameter and a filament operating at 2,85610 percent color temperature. The observation point shall be colocated (as close as practicable) with the source of illumination. The reflector shall be mounted with the center of the reflector at the center of rotation and at the same horizontal level as the source of illumination. Photometric measurements shall be made at the observation angles and entrance angles given in tables 1 and 2. (ii) The observation angle is the angle formed by a line from the point of observation to the center of the reflector with a second line from the center of the reflector to the source of illumination. The entrance angle is the angle between the optical axis of the reflector and a line from the center of [[Page 742]] the reflector to the source of illumination. The entrance angle shall be designated left, right, up, and down in accordance with the position of the source of illumination with respect to the axis of the reflector as viewed from behind the reflector when the plane of the observation angle is vertical and the receiver is above the source. (iii) Photometric measurements shall be made either visually or photoelectrically. With either method, the light reflected to the observation point shall be determined. Also, the illumination on the reflector from the source shall be measured. (iv) For visual measurements a comparison lamp, emitting light similar in spectral quality to the reflector, shall be located adjacent to the reflector (at an angle not to exceed \1/2\[deg]) and arranged so that the candlepower can be varied from 0.01 to 0.25 to make the intensity duplicate that of the reflector under test. The candlepower of the source of the illumination of the reflector under test shall be known or determined for this test. Means shall be provided to change the intensity of the source of illumination without changing the filament color temperature. The comparison lamp shall be designed to avoid reflection from the source of illumination back in the direction of the observer. It shall be of such size and so diffused that when viewed by the observer (through a 2\1/2\ x reducing monocular), the candlepower can be readily compared and adjusted to that of the reflector. The observer shall have at least 10 minutes of dark adaption before making observations. For photoelectric measurements, the opening to the photocell shall not be more than \1/2\ inch vertical by 1 inch horizontal. (v) Reflectors that mount on the bicycle in a fixed rotational position with respect to the bicycle, or the bicycle component on which they are mounted (such as pedals or spokes), shall be tested with a single orientation. Reflectors that do not mount on the bicycle in a fixed rotational position with respect to the bicycle shall be rotated about their axis through 360[deg] to find the minimum candlepower per footcandle for each test point. If the measurement falls below the minimum requirement at any test point, the reflector shall be rotated 5[deg] about its axis from the angle where the minimum occurs, and the maximum candlepower per footcandle within this angle shall be the measured value. (vi) Should uncolored reflections from the front surface interfere with photometric readings at any test point the lowest reading and location within 1[deg] above, below, right, and left of the test point shall meet the minimum requirement for the test point. (vii) A recommended coordinate system for definition of color is the ``Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE 1931)'' system. In the coordinate system and when illuminated by the source defined in table 4 of this part 1512, a reflector will be considered to be red if its color falls within the region bounded by the red spectrum locus and the lines y = 0.980-x and y = 0.335; a reflector will be considered to be amber if its color falls within the region bounded by the yellow spectrum locus and the lines y = 0.382, y = 0.790-0.667x, and y = x-0.120. (o) Reflective tire and rim test (Ref. Sec. 1512.16(h) and (i)): (1) Apparatus. Arrangements for the reflective intensity measurement shall be as shown in figure 3 of this part 1512. A light projector (having a maximum effective lens diameter of D/500, where D is the distance from the source to the retroreflective surface being measured) capable of projecting light of uniform intensity shall be used to illuminate the sample. The light falling on the sample shall have a color temperature of 2856[deg]K + 10% (equivalent to a tungsten filament lamp operated at a color temperature of 2856[deg]K + 10% having approximately the relative energy distribution given in table 4 of this part 1512). The light reflected from the test surface shall be measured with a photoelectric receiver, the response of which has been corrected for the spectral sensitivity of the average photopic human eye. The dimensions of the active area of the receiver shall be such that no point on the perimeter of the receiver is more than D/100 from its center (where d is the distance from the receiver to the retroreflective surface). Wheels used for the measurement of retroreflective tires or rims shall [[Page 743]] have all exposed metallic surfaces, including spokes, masked in flat black so that when measured these surfaces indicate no appreciable reflectance. The tire shall be mounted and fully inflated. Distances shall be measured from the plane of the wheel and the center of the hub. For the tests, the distance D between the projector and the center of the wheel and distance d between the center of the wheel and the receiver shall each be at least 15 m (50 ft.). (2) Procedure--(i) Masking. The reflecting strip to be tested shall be within two concentric circles, the larger of which is no more than 0.02 m (0.79 in.) greater in radius than the smaller. While additional reflecting material is permitted outside such boundaries, such additional material shall not be counted in determining the average width of the reflecting strip and shall be masked off with opaque, matte black tape in testing the reflecting material. (ii) Orientation. Every position of the reflecting strip on the rim or the mounted and fully inflated tire to be tested shall be oriented so that the normal to this portion is within 40[deg] of parallel to the axis of rotation of the wheel. (iii) Measurement. Measure the distance d from the receiver to the center of the wheel and the minimum distance r from the axis of rotation of the wheel to the unmasked portion of the reflective strip. Measure the illumination incident on the reflective strip at uniform intervals of no more than 45[deg] around the wheel, with the receiver oriented in the direction of the incident radiation. The average of such readings will be the mean illumination of the sample E. If any one of such readings differs by more than 10 percent from the mean illumination, then a more uniform source must be obtained. Measure the illumination of the receiver due to reflection from the retroreflective surface for each entrance angle and each observation angle given in table 3 of this part 1512. The entrance angle and the observation angle shall be in the same plane. A negative entrance angle (figure 3 of this part 1512) is specified when the entrance angle is small because the location of the receiver with respect to the direction of illumination becomes important for distinguishing between ordinary mirror-like reflection and retroreflection. The illumination incident on the test surface and the receiver shall be measured in the same units on a linear scale. Compute the ratio A for each combination of entrance angle and observation angle listed in table 3 as follows: A = [(Er / Es)(d\2\ / r)] Where: A = Ratio in meters, Er = Illumination incident upon the receiver, Es = Illumination incident upon a plane perpendicular to the incident ray at the specimen position (see instructions above in this paragraph (o)(2)(iii) for averaging), measured in the same units as Er, d = The distance in meters from the receiver to the center of the wheel, r = The minimum radius in meters of the boundary circles of the retroreflective strip. The minimum value of A shall be that listed in table 3 of this part 1512 for each combination of entrance angle and observation angle. The plane containing the entrance angle and the plane containing the observation angle shall coincide. In table 3, a positive entrance angle corresponds to the case in which the line of sight to the receiver lies between the line of incidence and the optic axis of the reflector, and a negative entrance angle corresponds to the case in which the line of incidence lies between the line of sight of the receiver and optic axis of the reflector. (iv) Criteria. The ratio A as defined in Sec. 1512.18(o)(2)(iii) shall not be less than: A = 4Cos\2\[thetas]/[1 + ([Phi]/0.225)3/2] where A is ratio in meters, [thetas] is the entrance angle in degrees, and [Phi] is the observation angle in degrees. The criterion applies only for entrance angles from 0[deg] to 40[deg] and observation angles from 0.2[deg] to 1.5[deg], and performance is not specified beyond this range. The values of A in table 3 are obtained from the above formula by rounding up to two significant figures. Except in cases in which the performance of the reflector is seriously questionable, a reflector with A at least the value given in table [[Page 744]] 3 at each of the six combinations of entrance and observation angles will be considered to satisfy this criteria. (p) Road test. (Ref. Sec. Sec. 1512.15(c) and 1512.17(a)): (1) Procedure. The bicycle shall be ridden at least 6.4 km (4.0 mi.) by a rider weighing at least 68.1 kg (150 lb.) with the tires inflated to maximum recommended pressure. Travel shall include riding the bicycle five times over a 30 m (100 ft.) course of wooden cleats fastened to a paved surface. The cleats shall be a full 25 mm (1.0 in.) high by 51 mm (2.0 in.) wide lumber with a 12 mm by 12 mm (\1/2\ in. by \1/2\ in.) chamfer of 45[deg] on the corners contacting the tires. The cleats shall be spaced every 1.8 m (6.0 ft.) over the 30 m (100 ft.) course. The bicycle shall be ridden over the cleated course at a speed of at least 24 km/hr (15 mph) with the rider firmly seated. (2) Criteria. The bicycle shall exhibit stable handling, turning, and steering characteristics without difficulty of operation. There shall be no system or component failure of the structure, brakes, or tires and there shall be no loosening or misalignment of the seat, handlebars, controls, or reflectors. (q) Sidewalk bicycle proof test. (Ref. Sec. Sec. 1512.15(c) and 1512.17(b)): (1) Procedure. The bicycle shall be loaded with weights of 13.6 kg (30 lb.) on the seat surface and 4.5 kg (10 lb.) attached to the end of each handle grip for a total load of 22.7 kg (50 lb.). The bicycle shall be lifted a distance of 0.3 m (1.0 ft.) and dropped (while maintaining an upright position) three times onto a paved surface. Following this and with weight removed, it shall be allowed to fall in any configuration and attitude from an upright position to the paved surface three times on each side. (r) Abrasion test for retroreflective rims. (Ref. Sec. 1512.16(i)): (1) This test consists of a steel wire cup brush rotating at a constant velocity of 60 rpm that is applied at a force of 2 N (0.45 lbf) to the retroreflective material on one side of a bicycle wheel rim. The rim is rotated about the axle at a linear velocity of 0.23 m/sec (9 in./ sec). The test is complete when the wheel has completed 1000 revolutions. (2) Apparatus. Figure 8 of this part 1512 illustrates the following test fixture arrangement that is suitable to perform this abrasion test: (i) Test fixture. The test fixture contains a clamp to hold the axle of a bicycle wheel so that the wheel can rotate freely about the axle. The axis of rotation is capable of being inclined from the vertical to bring that portion of the side of the wheel rim containing the retroreflective material into a horizontal plane as it passes beneath the abrading brush. A drive mechanism to rotate the bicycle wheel contains a means to adjust the rotational velocity to obtain the specified linear velocity measured at a point on the wheel rim on the axis of the abrading brush. (ii) Abrader. The abrader is a cup brush meeting the specification in paragraph (r)(3)(v) of this section. It is mounted in a chuck attached to a motor that rotates about a vertical axis at the specified rotational velocity. A means is provided to apply the rotating cup brush at the specified force against the retroreflective material on the bicycle wheel rim. The axis of the abrading brush is positioned on the mid point in the width of the retroreflective material. The force is produced by deadweights applied to a pan on the axis of the counterbalanced motor/brush assembly. (3) Specifications. (i) The linear velocity of the reflective band on wheel rim shall be 0.23 m/sec (9 in./sec) measured at a point on the axis of the abrading brush. (ii) The rotational velocity of the abrading brush shall be 60 rpm. (iii) The force normal to the plane of the retroreflective material at which the abrading brush is to be applied shall be 2 N (0.45 lbf). (iv) The bicycle wheel shall make 1000 complete revolutions per test. (v) The abrader shall be a cup brush having bristles that are 0.005 in. (approx. 0.13mm) diameter low carbon steel wire; an outside diameter of 0.5 inch (aprox. .13mm); a wire bristle length of 0.25 inch (approx. 6.4mm); and [[Page 745]] a cup diameter of 0.405 inch (approx. 10.29mm). \6\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \6\ For compliance testing the Commission will use a brush meeting this description distributed by Dremel Manufacturing Company, Racine, Wisconsin as Dremel Part No. 442. This brush is manufactured by Weiler Brush Company as No. 26074, MC-10 Wire. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (vi) The abrasion test shall be conducted at an ambient temperature of between 16 [deg]C (60 [deg]F) and 27 [deg]C (80 [deg]F). (4) Procedure. (i) The retroreflective bicycle rim to be tested shall be an unused sample free from grit, grime and grease. Prior to beginning the test, remove, according to instructions supplied with the bicycle, any protective coating or material used to prevent damage in shipping. (ii) Test the wheel in a suitable test fixture, according to the specifications in paragraph (r)(3) of this section. (iii) Clamp the wheel by its axle in the test fixture and align the axis of rotation so that the portion of the reflective material below the axis of the abrading brush is horizontal. (iv) Shape the cup brush by hand to the specified 0.5 (approx. 13mm) diameter. Any stray wire bristles projecting more than \1/32\ in. (approx. 1 mm) beyond the tip of the bulk of the bristles should be clipped off. Adjust the position of the brush so that its axis is centered over the mid-point in the width of the retroreflective material. (v) Adjust the rotational velocity of the bicycle wheel to obtain a linear velocity of 0.23 m/sec (9 in./sec) measured at the mid-point in the width of the retroreflective material. Adjust the force to obtain a force normal to the surface under the brush of 2 N (0.45 lbf). (vi) Apply the abrading brush to the retroreflective material on the wheel rim, and continue the test for 1000 complete revolutions of the bicycle wheel. [43 FR 60034, Dec. 22, 1978, as amended at 45 FR 82628, Dec. 16, 1980; 46 FR 3204, Jan. 14, 1981; 68 FR 52691, Sept. 5, 2003; 76 FR 27888, May 13, 2011] Sec. 1512.19 Instructions and labeling. A bicycle shall have an instruction manual attached to its frame or included with the packaged unit. (a) The instruction manual shall include at least the following: (1) Operations and safety instructions describing operation of the brakes and gears, cautions concerning wet weather and night-time operation, and a guide for safe on-and-off road operation. (2) Assembly instructions for accomplishing complete and proper assembly. (3) Maintenance instructions for proper maintenance of brakes, control cables, bearing adjustments, wheel adjustments, lubrication, reflectors, tires and handlebar and seat adjustments; should the manufacturer determine that such maintenance is beyond the capability of the consumer, specifics regarding locations where such maintenance service can be obtained shall be included. (b) A bicycle less than fully assembled and fully adjusted shall have clearly displayed on any promotional display material and on the outside surface of the shipping carton the following: (1) A list of tools necessary to properly accomplish assembly and adjustment, (2) a drawing illustrating the minimum leg-length dimension of a rider and a method of measurement of this dimension. (c) The minimum leg-length dimension shall be readily understandable and shall be based on allowing no less than one inch of clearance between (1) the top tube of the bicycle and the ground plane and (2) the crotch measurement of the rider. A girl's style frame shall be specified in the same way using a corresponding boys' model as a basis. (d) [Reserved] (e) Every bicycle subject to the requirements of this part 1512 shall bear a marking or label that is securely affixed on or to the frame of the bicycle in such a manner that the marking or label cannot be removed without being defaced or destroyed. The marking or label shall identify the name of the manufacturer or private labeler and shall also bear some form of marking from which the manufacturer can identify the month and year of manufacture or from which the private labeler can identify the manufacturer and the month and year of manufacture. For purposes of this paragraph, the term manufacture means the completion by the manufacturer of a bicycle of those construction or assembly operations [[Page 746]] that are performed by the manufacturer before the bicycle is shipped from the manufacturer's place of production for sale to distributors, retailers, or consumers. [43 FR 60034, Dec. 22, 1978, as amended at 60 FR 62990, Dec. 8, 1995] Sec. 1512.20 Separability. If any section or portion thereof of this part 1512 or its application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the remainder of the section(s) and its (their) application to other persons or circumstances is not thereby affected. Subpart B--Policies and Interpretations [Reserved] Sec. Figure 1 to Part 1512--Bicycle Front Fork Cantilever Bending Test Rig [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.070 [[Page 747]] Sec. Figures 2 and 3 to Part 1512--Handlebar Stem Loading and Entrance 8 Observation Angles [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.071 [[Page 748]] Sec. Figure 5 to Part 1512--Typical Handbrake Actuator Showing Grip Dimension [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.072 [[Page 749]] Sec. Figures 6 and 7 to Part 1512--Toe Clearance and Chain Guard Requirements [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.073 [[Page 750]] Sec. Figure 8 to Part 1512--Reflectorized Bicycle Wheel Rim Abrasion Test Device [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.074 [[Page 751]] Sec. Table 1 to Part 1512--Minimum Candlepower per Incident Foot-Candle for Clear Reflector \1\ ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Front, rear, and Pedal reflectors; side reflectors; entrance angle in entrance angle in degrees degrees ------------------ Observation angle --------------------- 20 10 20 0 10 up/ left/ 0 up/ left/ down right down right ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0.2............................. 27.0 18.0 9.0 7.5 6.0 3.0 0.3............................. ..... ..... ..... 6.0 4.8 2.4 1.5............................. .28 .20 .12 .28 .20 .12 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ \1\ Amber values shall be \5/8\ x clear values. Red values shall be \1/ 4\ clear values. Sec. Table 2 to Part 1512--Minimum Candlepower per Incident Foot-Candle for Clear Reflector \1\ ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Front, rear, and side reflectors; entrance angle in degrees Observation angle ----------------------- 30 40 50 left/ left/ left/ right right right ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0.2............................................. 8.0 7.0 6.0 1.5............................................. .12 .12 .12 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ \1\ Amber values shall be \5/8\ x clear values. Red values shall be \1/ 4\ x clear values. Sec. Table 3 to Part 1512--Minimum Acceptable Values for the Quantity A Defined in the Retroreflective Tire and Rim Test Procedure ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Minimum acceptable value of Entrance A Observation angle (degrees) angle ----------------------------- (degrees) Meters Feet ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 0.2............................ -4 2.2 7.25 .2............................ 20 1.9 6.27 .2............................ 40 1.3 4.29 1.5............................ -4 .22 .73 1.5............................ 20 .19 .63 1.5............................ 40 .13 .43 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ [43 FR 60034, Dec. 22, 1978, as amended at 45 FR 82631, Dec. 16, 1980; 46 FR 3204, Jan. 14, 1981] Sec. Table 4 to Part 1512--Relative Energy Distribution of Sources ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Relative Wave length (nanometers) energy ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 380.......................................................... 9.79 390.......................................................... 12.09 400.......................................................... 14.71 410.......................................................... 17.68 420.......................................................... 21.00 430.......................................................... 24.67 440.......................................................... 28.70 450.......................................................... 33.09 460.......................................................... 37.82 470.......................................................... 42.87 480.......................................................... 48.25 490.......................................................... 53.91 500.......................................................... 59.86 510.......................................................... 66.06 520.......................................................... 72.50 530.......................................................... 79.13 540.......................................................... 85.95 550.......................................................... 92.91 560.......................................................... 100.00 570.......................................................... 107.18 580.......................................................... 114.44 590.......................................................... 121.73 600.......................................................... 129.04 610.......................................................... 136.34 620.......................................................... 143.62 630.......................................................... 150.83 640.......................................................... 157.98 650.......................................................... 165.03 660.......................................................... 171.96 670.......................................................... 178.77 680.......................................................... 185.43 690.......................................................... 191.93 700.......................................................... 198.26 710.......................................................... 204.41 720.......................................................... 210.36 730.......................................................... 216.12 740.......................................................... 221.66 750.......................................................... 227.00 760.......................................................... 232.11 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ PART 1513_REQUIREMENTS FOR BUNK BEDS--Table of Contents Sec. 1513.1 Scope, application, and effective date. 1513.2 Definitions. 1513.3 Requirements. 1513.4 Test methods. 1513.5 Marking and labeling. 1513.6 Instructions. Figure 1 to Part 1513--Wedge Block for Tests in Sec. 1513.4 (a), (b), and (c) Figure 2 to Part 1513--Test Probe for Neck Entrapment Figure 3 to Part 1513--Motion of Test Probe Arrested by Simultaneous Contact With Both Sides of ``A'' Section of Probe and Boundaries of Opening Figure 4 to Part 1513--Neck Portion of ``B'' Section of Probe Enters Completely Into Opening Appendix to Part 1513--Findings Under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act Authority: 15 U.S.C. 1261(f)(1)(D), 1261(s), 1262(e)(1), 1262(f)- (i). Source: 64 FR 71907, Dec. 22, 1999, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1513.1 Scope, application, and effective date. (a) Scope, basis, and purpose. This part 1513 prescribes requirements for bunk beds to reduce or eliminate the risk that children will die or be injured from being trapped between the upper [[Page 752]] bunk and the wall or in openings below guardrails or in other structures in the bed. Bunk beds meeting these requirements are exempted from 16 CFR 1500.18(a)(18). (b) Application and effective date. This part applies to all bunk beds, except those manufactured only for institutional use, that are manufactured in the United States, or imported, on or after June 19, 2000. (Facilities intended for use by children under age 6 are not considered to be institutions.) Bunk beds, as described in this section, that are not intended for use by children are subject to the requirements in 16 CFR part 1213, and not to 16 CFR 1500.18(a)(18). However, the provisions of 16 CFR 1213 are substantively identical to the requirements in this part 1513. Sec. 1513.2 Definitions. As used in this part 1513: Bed. See Bunk bed. Bed end structure means an upright unit at the head and foot of the bed to which the side rails attach. Bunk bed means a bed in which the underside of any foundation is over 30 inches (760 mm) from the floor. Foundation means the base or support on which a mattress rests. Guardrail means a rail or guard on a side of the upper bunk to prevent a sleeping occupant from falling or rolling out. Sec. 1513.3 Requirements. (a) Guardrails. (1) Any bunk bed shall provide at least two guardrails, at least one on each side of the bed, for each bed having the underside of its foundation more than 30 inches (760 mm) from the floor. (2) One guardrail shall be continuous between each of the bed's end structures. ``Continuous'' means that any gap between the guardrail and end structure shall not exceed 0.22 inches (5.6 mm) (so as to not cause a finger entrapment hazard for a child). (3) The other guardrail may terminate before reaching the bed's end structures, providing there is no more than 15 inches (380 mm) between either end of the guardrail and the nearest bed end structure. (4) For bunk beds designed to have a ladder attached to one side of the bed, the continuous guardrail shall be on the other side of the bed. (5) Guardrails shall be attached so that they cannot be removed without either intentionally releasing a fastening device or applying forces sequentially in different directions. (6) The upper edge of the guardrails shall be no less than 5 inches (130 mm) above the top surface of the mattress when a mattress of the maximum thickness specified by the manufacturer's instructions is on the bed. This requirement does not prohibit a wall-side guardrail that terminates in a quarter-circle bend and attaches to the side rail of the upper bunk foundation. (7) With no mattress on the bed, there shall be no openings in the structure between the lower edge of the uppermost member of the guardrail and the underside of the upper bunk's foundation that would permit passage of the wedge block shown in Figure 1 of this part when tested in accordance with the procedure at Sec. 1513.4(a). (b) Bed end structures. (1) The upper edge of the upper bunk end structures shall be at least 5 inches (130 mm) above the top surface of the mattress for at least 50 percent of the distance between the two posts at the head and foot of the upper bunk when a mattress and foundation of the maximum thickness specified by the manufacturer's instructions is on the bed. (2) With no mattress on the bed, there shall be no openings in the rigid end structures above the foundation of the upper bunk that will permit the free passage of the wedge block shown in Figure 1 when tested in accordance with the procedure at Sec. 1513.4(b). (3) When tested in accordance with Sec. 1513.4(c), there shall be no openings in the end structures between the underside of the foundation of the upper bunk and upper side of the foundation of the lower bunk that will permit the free passage of the wedge block shown in Figure 1, unless the openings are also large enough to permit the free passage of a 9-inch (230-mm) diameter rigid sphere. (4) All portions of the boundary of any opening required by Sec. Sec. 1513.4(c)(1) and (2) to be probed by the wedge block [[Page 753]] of Figure 1, and that permits free passage of a 9-inch diameter sphere, must conform to the neck entrapment requirements of Sec. 1513.4(c)(3). Sec. 1513.4 Test methods. (a) Guardrails (see Sec. 1513.3(a)(6)). With no mattress on the bed, place the wedge block shown in Figure 1, tapered side first, into each opening in the rigid bed structure below the lower edge of the uppermost member of the guardrail and above the underside of the upper bunk's foundation. Orient the block so that it is most likely to pass through the opening (e.g., the major axis of the block parallel to the major axis of the opening) (``most adverse orientation''). Then, gradually apply a 33-lbf (147-N) force in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the large end of the block. Sustain the force for 1 minute. (b) Upper bunk end structure (see Sec. 1513.3(b)(2)). Without a mattress or foundation on the upper bunk, place the wedge block shown in Figure 1 into any opening, tapered side first, and in the most adverse orientation. Determine if the wedge block can pass freely through the opening. (c) Lower bunk end structure (see Sec. 1513.3(b)(3)). (1) Without a mattress or foundation on the lower bunk, place the wedge block shown in Figure 1, tapered side first, into each opening in the lower bunk end structure in the most adverse orientation. Determine whether the wedge block can pass freely through the opening. If the wedge block passes freely through the opening, determine whether a 9-inch (230-mm) diameter rigid sphere can pass freely through the opening. (2) With the manufacturer's recommended maximum thickness mattress and foundation in place, repeat the test in paragraph (c)(1) of this section. (3) All portions of the boundary of any opening that is required to be probed by the wedge block of Figure 1 by paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of this section, and that permits free passage of a 9-inch diameter sphere, must satisfy the requirements of paragraphs (c)(3)(i) and (c)(3)(ii) of this section addressing neck entrapment: (i) Insert the ``A'' section of the test template shown in Figure 2 of this part into the portion of the boundary to be tested, with the plane of the template in the plane of the opening and with the centerline of the top of the template (as shown in Figure 2) aligned parallel to the centerline of the opening, until motion is stopped by contact between the test template and the boundaries of the opening (see Figure 3 of this part). By visual inspection, determine if there is simultaneous contact between the boundary of the opening and both sides of the ``A'' section of the template. If simultaneous contact occurs, mark the contact points on the boundary of the opening and conduct the additional test described in paragraph (c)(3)(ii) of this section. (ii) To check the potential for neck entrapment, place the neck portion of the ``B'' section of the template into the opening, with its plane perpendicular to both the plane of the opening and the centerline of the opening (see Figure 4 of this part). If the neck portion of the ``B'' section of the template can completely enter the opening (passes 0.75 inch or more beyond the points previously contacted by the ``A'' section of the template), the opening is considered to present a neck entrapment hazard and fails the test, unless its lower boundary slopes downward at 45'' or more for the whole distance from the narrowest part of the opening the neck can reach to the part of the opening that will freely pass a 9-inch diameter sphere. Sec. 1513.5 Marking and labeling. (a) There shall be a permanent label or marking on each bed stating the name and address (city, state, and zip code) of the manufacturer, distributor, or retailer; the model number; and the month and year of manufacture. (b) The following warning label shall be permanently attached to the inside of an upper bunk bed end structure in a location that cannot be covered by the bedding but that may be covered by the placement of a pillow. [[Page 754]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR22DE99.006 Sec. 1513.6 Instructions. Instructions shall accompany each bunk bed set, and shall include the following information. (a) Size of mattress and foundation. The length and width of the intended mattress and foundation shall be clearly stated, either numerically or in conventional terms such as twin size, twin extra-long, etc. In addition, the maximum thickness of the mattress and foundation required for compliance with Sec. 1513.3 (a)(5) and (b)(1) of this part shall be stated. (b) Safety warnings. The instructions shall provide the following safety warnings: (1) Do not allow children under 6 years of age to use the upper bunk. (2) Use guardrails on both sides of the upper bunk. (3) Prohibit horseplay on or under beds. (4) Prohibit more than one person on upper bunk. (5) Use ladder for entering or leaving upper bunk. (6) If the bunk bed will be placed next to a wall, the guardrail that runs the full length of the bed should be placed against the wall to prevent entrapment between the bed and the wall. (This applies only to bunk beds without two full-length guardrails.) [[Page 755]] Sec. Figure 1 to Part 1513--Wedge Block for Tests in Sec. 1513.4 (a), (b), and (c) [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR22DE99.002 [[Page 756]] Sec. Figure 2 to Part 1513--Test Probe for Neck Entrapment [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR22DE99.008 [[Page 757]] Sec. Figure 3 to Part 1513--Motion of Test Probe Arrested by Simultaneous Contact With Both Sides of ``A'' Section of Probe and Boundaries of Opening [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR22DE99.009 [[Page 758]] Sec. Figure 4 to Part 1513--Neck Portion of ``B'' Section of Probe Enters Completely Into Opening [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR22DE99.010 Sec. Appendix to Part 1513--Findings Under the Federal Hazardous Substances Act The Federal Hazardous Substances Act (FHSA) requires that the Commission, in order to issue part 1513, make the following findings and include them in the rule. 15 U.S.C. 1261(s), 1262(i). Because of this, the facts and determinations in these findings apply as of the date the rule was issued, December 22, 1999. A. Bunk beds present a mechanical hazard. Section 2(s) of the FHSA states that an ``article may be determined to present a mechanical hazard if, in normal use or when subjected to reasonably foreseeable damage or abuse, its design or manufacture presents an unreasonable risk of personal injury or illness * * * (3 from * * * surfaces, edges, openings, or closures * * * , or (9) because of any other aspect of the articles design or manufacture.'' 15 U.S.C. 1261(s). 2. For a recent 9.6-year period, the CPSC received reports of 57 deaths of children under age 15 who died when they were trapped between the upper bunk of a bunk bed and the wall or when they were trapped in openings in the bed's structure. Over 96% of those who died in entrapment incidents were age 3 or younger. On average, averting these deaths is expected to produce a benefit to society with a present value of about $175 to $350 for each bed that otherwise would not have complied with one or more of the rule's requirements. 3. This increased safety will be achieved in three main ways. First, all bunk beds will be required to have a guardrail on both sides of the bed. If the bed is placed against a wall, the guardrail on that side is expected to prevent a child from being entrapped between the bed and the wall. The guardrail on the [[Page 759]] wall side of the bed must extend continuously from one end to the other. Second, the end structures of the bed must be constructed so that, if an opening in the end structure is large enough so a child can slip his or her body through it, it must be large enough that the child's head also can pass through. Third, this area must also be constructed so that a child cannot insert his or her head into an opening and move to another part of the opening where the head cannot be pulled out and the neck can become entrapped. 4. For the reasons discussed in paragraph C of this appendix, the benefits of the changes to bunk beds caused by this rule will have a reasonable relationship to the changes' costs. The rule addresses a risk of death, and applies primarily to a vulnerable population, children under age 3. The life-saving features required by the rule are cost- effective and can be implemented without adversely affecting the performance and availability of the product. The effective date provides enough time so that production of bunk beds that do not already comply with the standard can easily be changed so that the beds comply. Accordingly, the Commission finds that there is an unreasonable risk of entrapment injury associated with bunk beds that do not comply with part 1513. B. Where a voluntary standard has been adopted and implemented by the affected industry, that compliance with such voluntary standard is not likely to result in the elimination or adequate reduction of the risk of injury, or it is unlikely that there will be substantial compliance with such voluntary standard. 1. Adequacy of the voluntary standard. In this instance, there is a voluntary standard addressing the risk of entrapment in bunk beds. However, the rule goes beyond the provisions of the voluntary standard. First, it eliminates the voluntary standard's option to have an opening of up to 15 inches at each end of the wall-side guardrail. Second, it requires more of the lower bunk end structures to have entrapment protection. The voluntary standard protects against entrapment only within the 9-inch space immediately above the upper surface of the lower bunk's mattress. The mandatory standard extends this area of protection upward to the level of the underside of the upper bunk foundation. Both of these provisions, which are in the rule but not in the voluntary standard, address fatalities and, as noted in this paragraph (a)(18), have benefits that bear a reasonable relationship to their costs. Therefore, the Commission finds that compliance with the voluntary standard is not likely to result in the elimination or adequate reduction of the risk of entrapment injury or death. 2. Substantial compliance. i. The FHSA does not define ``substantial compliance.'' The March 3, 1999 Notice of Proposed Rulemaking summarized an interpretation of ``substantial compliance'' that the Office of General Counsel provided to the Commission. 64 FR 10245, 10248-49 (March 3, 1999). The Commission specifically invited public comment on that interpretation from ``all persons who would be affected by such an interpretation.'' Id. at 10249. The Commission received more than 20 comments on the interpretation. ii. Having now considered all the evidence that the staff has presented, the comments from the public, and the legal advice from the Office of General Counsel, the Commission concludes that there is not ``substantial compliance'' with the ASTM voluntary standard for bunk beds within the meaning of the Consumer Product Safety Act and the Federal Hazardous Substances Act. See, e.g., 15 U.S.C. 2058(f)(3)(D)(ii); 15 U.S.C. 1262(i)(2)(A)(ii). However, the Commission does not adopt a general interpretation of ``substantial compliance'' focusing on whether the level of compliance with a voluntary standard could be improved under a mandatory standard. Rather, the grounds for the Commission's decision focus on the specific facts of this rulemaking and are stated below. iii. The legislative history regarding the meaning of ``substantial compliance'' indicates that the Commission should consider whether compliance is sufficient to eliminate or adequately reduce the risk of injury in a timely fashion and that, generally, compliance should be measured in terms of the number of complying products, rather than the number of manufacturers who are in compliance. E.g., Senate Report No. 97-102, p. 14 (May 15, 1981); House Report No. 97-158, p. 11 (June 19, 1981); H. Conf. Rep. No. 97-208, 97th Cong., 1st Sess. 871, reprinted in 1981 U.S. Code Cong. & Admin. News 1010, 1233. iv. Given this Congressional guidance, the Commission believes it appropriate to examine the number of conforming products as the starting point for analysis. However, the Commission does not believe that there is any single percentage of conforming products that can be used in all cases to define ``substantial compliance.'' Instead, the percentage must be viewed in the context of the hazard the product presents. Thus, the Commission must examine what constitutes substantial compliance with a voluntary standard in light of its obligation to safeguard the American consumer. v. There are certain factors the agency considers before it initiates regulatory action, such as the severity of the potential injury, whether there is a vulnerable population at risk, and the risk of injury. See 16 CFR 1009.8. These and other factors also appropriately inform the Commission's decision regarding whether a certain level of conformance with a voluntary standard is [[Page 760]] substantial. In the light of these factors, industry's compliance rate with the voluntary standard for bunk beds is not substantial. vi. In this case, the Commission deals with the most severe risk-- death--to one of the most vulnerable segments of our population--infants and young children. While the risk of death is not high, it exists whenever a young child is in a residence with a nonconforming bunk bed. vii. Additionally, some products, such as hairdryers without shock protection devices, require some intervening action (dropping the hair dryer into water) to create the hazard. By contrast, deaths in bunk beds occur during the intended use of the product--a child rolling over in bed or climbing in or out of it--without any intervening action. viii. The Commission must also consider that bunk beds have a very long product life, frequently being passed on to several families before being discarded. Thus, a number of children may be exposed to a bed during its useful life. Every noncomplying bed that poses an entrapment hazard presents the potential risk of death to any young child in the house. It is a risk that is hard for a parent to protect against, as children find their way onto these beds even if they are not put to sleep in them. ix. Bunk beds are products that can be made relatively easily by very small companies, or even by a single individual. The Office of Compliance believes smaller entities will always present a compliance problem, because new manufacturers can enter the marketplace relatively easily and need little expertise to make a wooden bunk bed. The evidence seems to support the view that there will always be an irreducible number of new, smaller bunk bed manufacturers who will not follow the voluntary standard. x. What constitutes substantial compliance is also a function of what point in time the issue is examined. In 1989, the Commission denied a petition for a mandatory bunk bed rule. At that time, industry was predicting that by April of 1989, 90% of all beds being manufactured would comply with the voluntary guidelines. But that was in the context of years of steadily increasing conformance and the hope that conformance would continue to grow and that deaths and near-misses would begin to decline. But the conformance level never grew beyond the projection for 1989 and deaths and near-misses have not dropped. xi. Even with the existing compliance rate, the Commission is contemplating the prospect of perhaps 50,000 nonconforming beds a year (or more) entering the marketplace, with many beds remaining in use for perhaps 20 years or longer. Under these circumstances, a 10% rate of noncompliance is too high. xii. It is now clear that the bunk bed voluntary standard has not achieved an adequate reduction of the unreasonable risk of death to infants and children in a timely fashion, and it is unlikely to do so. Accordingly, the Commission finds that substantial compliance with the voluntary standard for bunk beds is unlikely. xiii. Products that present some or all of the following factors might not be held to as strict a substantial compliance analysis. Those which: --Rarely or never cause death; --Cause only less severe injuries; --Do not cause deaths or injuries principally to a vulnerable segment of the population; --Are not intended for children and which have no special attraction for children; --Have a relatively short life span; --Are made by a few stable manufacturers or which can only be made by specialized manufacturers needing a significant manufacturing investment to produce the product; --Are covered by a voluntary standard which continues to capture an increasing amount of noncomplying products; or --Require some additional intervening action to be hazardous. xiv. And, in analyzing some other product, there could be other factors that would have to be taken into consideration in determining what level of compliance is adequate to protect the public. The tolerance for nonconformance levels has to bear some relationship to the magnitude and manageability of the hazard addressed. xv. The Commission emphasizes that its decision is not based on the argument that a mandatory rule provides more powerful enforcement tools. If this were sufficient rationale, mandatory rules could always displace voluntary standards, and this clearly was not Congress's intent. But, with a mandatory standard, the necessity of complying with a mandatory federal regulation will be understandable to small manufacturers. State and local governments will have no doubt about their ability to help us in our efforts to locate these manufacturers. C. The benefits expected from the rule bear a reasonable relationship to its costs. 1. Bunk beds that do not comply with ASTM's requirements for guardrails. The cost of providing a second guardrail for bunk beds that do not have one is expected to be from $15-40 per otherwise noncomplying bed. If, as expected, the standard prevents virtually all of the deaths it addresses, the present value of the benefits of this modification are estimated to be from $175-350 per otherwise noncomplying bed. Thus, the benefit of this provision is about 4-23 times its cost. 2. Bunk beds that comply with ASTM's requirements for guardrails. The voluntary standard allows up to a 15-inch gap in the coverage of the guardrail on the wall side of the upper bunk. Additional entrapment deaths are addressed by requiring that the [[Page 761]] wall-side guardrail be continuous from one end of the bed to the other. The estimated present value of the benefits of this requirement will be $2.40 to $3.50 per otherwise noncomplying bed. The Commission estimates that the materials cost to extend one guardrail an additional 30 inches (760 mm) will be less than the present value of the benefits of making the change. Further, the costs of any design changes can be amortized over the number of bunk beds produced after the design change is made. Thus, any design costs are nominal. 3. Lower bunk end structures. The Commission is aware of a death, involving entrapment in the end structures of the lower bunk, occurring in a scenario not currently addressed by the voluntary standard. This death is addressed by extending the upper limit of the voluntary standard's lower bunk end structures entrapment provisions from 9 inches above the lower bunk's sleeping surface to the bottom of the upper bunk and by also including a test for neck entrapment in this area. The Commission expects the costs of this requirement to be design-related only, and small. Indeed, for some bunk beds, material costs may decrease since less material may be required to comply with these requirements than are currently being used. Again, the design costs for these modifications to the end structures can be amortized over the subsequent production run of the bed. 4. Effect on market. The small additional costs from any wall-side guardrail and end-structure modifications are not expected to affect the market for bunk beds, either alone or added to the costs of compliance to ASTM's provisions. 5. Conclusion. The Commission has no reason to conclude that any of the standard's requirements have costs that exceed the requirement's expected benefits. Further, the total effect of the rule is that the benefits of the rule will exceed its costs by about 4-23 times. Accordingly, the Commission concludes that the benefits expected from the rule will bear a reasonable relationship to its costs. D. The rule imposes the least burdensome requirement that prevents or adequately reduces the risk of injury for which the rule is being promulgated. 1. The Commission considered relying on the voluntary standard, either alone or combined with a third-party certification program. However, the Commission concludes that a mandatory program will be more effective in reducing these deaths, each of which is caused by an unreasonable risk of entrapment. Accordingly, these alternatives would not prevent or adequately reduce the risk of injury for which the rule is being promulgated. 2. The Commission also considered a suggestion that bunk beds that conformed to the voluntary standard be so labeled. Consumers could then compare conforming and nonconforming beds at the point of purchase and make their purchase decisions with this safety information in mind. This, however, would not necessarily reduce injuries, because consumers likely would not know there is a voluntary standard and thus would not see any risk in purchasing a bed that was not labeled as conforming to the standard. [[Page 762]] SUBCHAPTER D_FLAMMABLE FABRICS ACT REGULATIONS PART 1602_STATEMENTS OF POLICY OR INTERPRETATION--Table of Contents Sec. 1602.1 Enforcement policy. (a) On May 14, 1973, the responsibilities of the Federal Trade Commission for enforcement of the Flammable Fabrics Act, as amended (15 U.S.C. 1191-1204), were transferred to the Consumer Product Safety Commission pursuant to section 30(b) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (Pub. L. 92-573), 86 Stat. 1231 (15 U.S.C. 2079(b)). (b) The Consumer Product Safety Commission intends to discharge its responsibilities under the Flammable Fabrics Act vigorously, expeditiously, and without compromise in order to protect the public from the hazards to life, health, and property caused by dangerously flammable products. (c) The Consumer Product Safety Commission has determined that its enforcement policy for the Flammable Fabrics Act, will be to have available for use in each case the full range of enforcement procedures under that act without qualification or modification. Accordingly, notice is given that the Consumer Product Safety Commission hereby institutes an enforcement policy of using in each case arising under the Flammable Fabrics Act any and all appropriate enforcement procedures available under that act. (d) In order to effectuate this policy, the above stated policy has been adopted and substituted for any conflicting determinations and policies of the Federal Trade Commission. The following determinations and policies of the Federal Trade Commission insofar as they apply to this Commission are terminated and set aside pursuant to section 30(e)(2) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (86 Stat. 1232 (15 U.S.C. 2079(e)(2))): (1) The Federal Trade Commission's ``Flammable Fabrics Enforcement Policy'' published as a notice in the Federal Register of November 10, 1971 (36 FR 21544), as amended by a notice published April 25, 1973 (38 FR 10184), which was corrected May 8, 1973 (38 FR 11492). (2) Any Federal Trade Commission policy or directive modifying or interpreting said Enforcement Policy, as amended. (e) All other rules, regulations, orders, and determinations of the Federal Trade Commission under the Flammable Fabrics Act will continue in effect until modified, terminated, superseded, set aside, or repealed by the Consumer Product Safety Commission, by any court of competent jurisdiction, or by operation of law. (Sec. 1, et seq., 81 Stat. 568-74 (15 U.S.C. 1191-1204, note under 1191)) [40 FR 59884, Dec. 30, 1975] PART 1605_INVESTIGATIONS, INSPECTIONS AND INQUIRIES PURSUANT TO THE FLAMMABLE FABRICS ACT--Table of Contents Subpart A_Procedures for Investigations, Inspections and Inquiries Sec. 1605.1 Purposes, delegation, finding and how initiated. 1605.2 Conduct and scope of inspections. 1605.3 Compulsory processes and the service thereof. 1605.4 Orders for access. 1605.5 Subpoenas. 1605.6 Investigational hearings. 1605.7 Depositions. 1605.8 Rights of witnesses at investigational hearings and of deponents at depositions. 1605.9 Written interrogatories. 1605.10 General or special orders seeking information. 1605.11 Remedies for failure to permit authorized investigations. 1605.12 Nonexclusive delegation of power. Subpart B_Consent Order Agreements 1605.13 Procedures for Consent Order Agreements. Authority: Sec. 5, 67 Stat. 112, as amended (15 U.S.C. 1194); sec. 6, 38 Stat. 721, as amended (15 U.S.C. 46); sec. 9, 38 Stat. 722, as amended (15 U.S.C. 49); sec. 10, 38 Stat.723, as amended (15 U.S.C. 50); sec. 16, Pub. L. 92-573, 86 Stat. 1222 (15 U.S.C. 2065); sec. 27, Pub. L. 92-573, 86 Stat. 1227 (15 U.S.C. 2076); sec. 30(b), Pub. L. 92-573, 86 Stat. 1231 (15 U.S.C. 2079(b)); sec. 30(d), as amended, Pub. L. 94- 284, 90 Stat. 510, (15 U.S.C. 2079(d)). Source: 42 FR 61023, Nov. 30, 1977, unless otherwise noted. [[Page 763]] Subpart A_Procedures for Investigations, Inspections and Inquiries Sec. 1605.1 Purposes, delegation, finding and how initiated. (a) An investigation under these rules is an undertaking by the Commission to obtain information for the purposes of enforcing or determining compliance with the Flammable Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C. 1191 et seq.) (``FFA''); the regulations, rules, standards, and orders promulgated thereunder; and those sections of the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 41 et seq.) (``FTCA'') which are relevant to the enforcement and administration of the Flammable Fabrics Act. The term investigation includes, but is not limited to inspections (Sec. 1605.2); investigational hearings (Sec. 1605.6); and inquiries, employing orders of access (Sec. 1605.4), subpoenas (Sec. 1605.5), depositions (Sec. 1605.7), written interrogatories (Sec. 1605.9), and general or special orders (Sec. 1605.10). (b) An inspection as described in Sec. 1605.2 is initiated when the Commission or its delegee authorizes the issuance of a written notice of inspection (hereinafter notice), described in Sec. 1605.2(c). Investigations and inquiries will be initiated by the Commission in such manner as it deems proper. (c) The Commission hereby delegates to the Associate Executive Director for Compliance and Enforcement, the Director of the Enforcement Division, the Solicitor, and the Directors of Area Offices, the power to initiate inspections in the same manner as the Commission. (d) Finding. The Commission found on November 3, 1977 pursuant to section 30(d) of the Consumer Product Safety Act, as amended (``CPSA'') (15 U.S.C. 2079(d)) that the risk of injury associated with products regulated under the Flammable Fabrics Act cannot be eliminated or reduced to a sufficient extent by the issuance of procedures for investigations, inspections and inquiries under the Flammable Fabrics Act and the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 41 et seq.). This finding is made to eliminate any confusion and uncertainty that may exist concerning the scope of the Commission's statutory authority under the Flammable Fabrics Act and Federal Trade Commission Act to conduct inspections and collect samples. The Commission is supplementing the authority granted to it under the FFA and FTCA with its powers under the CPSA while retaining the procedural safeguards and requirements of all of these acts. Accordingly, the Commission issues these rules pursuant to sections 16 and 27 of the CPSA (15 U.S.C. 2065 and 2076) and makes them applicable to products regulating under the FFA. Sec. 1605.2 Conduct and scope of inspections. (a) After an inspection is initiated as set forth in Sec. 1605.1, an officer or employee duly designated by the Commission shall issue the notice. Upon presenting such notice, along with appropriate credentials, to the person, or agent-in-charge of the sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation to be inspected, the Commission officer or employee may seek, for the purposes set forth in Sec. 1605.1 (a): (1) To enter, at reasonable times, any factory, warehouse, or establishment in which a product, fabric, or related material is manufactured, processed, packaged, tested or to which it is delivered or in which it is held in connection with its importation, introduction, distribution, transportation, receipt, and/or sale in commerce; (2) To enter any conveyance being used to transport, deliver, or hold any such product, fabric, or related material in connection with its importation, introduction, distribution, transportation, receipt, and/or sale in commerce; (3) To inspect at all reasonable times, in a reasonable manner, and within reasonable limits, any factory, warehouse, establishment, or conveyance described in paragraph (a) (1) and (2) of this section and all appropriate records, reports, books, documents and papers including, but not limited to, those relating to production, inventory, testing, distribution, sale, transportation, importation, or receipt of any product, fabric, or related material and all pertinent equipment, materials, substances, products, fabrics, related materials, containers, packages and [[Page 764]] packaging, and labels, and labeling therein: (4) To have access to and copy at all reasonable times: (i) All records, reports, books, documents, papers, or labeling required by the Commission to be established, made, or maintained; (ii) all documents showing or relating to the production inventory, testing, distribution, sale, transportation, importation, or receipt of any product, fabric, or related material; and (iii) all other appropriate records, reports, books, documents, papers, packages and packaging, and labels and labeling; (5) To obtain: (i) Information, both oral and written, concerning the production, inventory, testing, distribution, sale, transportation, importation or receipt of any product, fabric or related material and the organization, business, conduct, practices, and management of any person, sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation being inspected and its relation to any other person, sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation; (ii) samples of items, materials, substances, products, fabrics, related materials, containers, packages and packaging, labels and labeling, and have the same analyzed, tested, or examined; and (iii) information, both oral and written, concerning any matter referred to in these rules. (b) A separate notice shall be given for each inspection, but a notice shall not be required for each entry made during the course of the same inspection. Each such inspection shall be commenced at a reasonable time and be completed within a reasonable time. (c) The notice of inspection shall include: the name and address of the person, sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation being inspected; the name and title of the inspector; the date and time of the anticipated entry; pertinent extracts from the statutory provisions upon which the right to access is based; pertinent extracts from the statutory provisions upon which the penalties for refusal of access are based; pertinent extracts from Sec. 1605.2 of these rules setting forth the authority of inspectors and the types of information and items they are authorized to obtain; a statement which sets forth the purposes of the inspection and the nature of the information and items to be obtained and/or copied; and a statement that those from whom information is requested should state whether any of the information submitted is believed to contain or relate to a trade secret or other matter which should be considered by the Commission to be confidential in accordance with section 4(c) of the Flammable Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C. 1193(c)) and whether any of the information is believed to be entitled to exemption from disclosure by the Commission under the provisions of the Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. 552) or section 6(f) of the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 46(f)). Any statement asserting this claim of confidentiality must be in writing, and any request for exemption of the information from disclosure must be made in accordance with the Commission's Freedom of Information Act regulations, 16 CFR part 1015, 42 FR 10490, February 22, 1977 or as amended. (d) If upon being presented with a notice, the person, or agent-in- charge of the sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation being inspected fails to allow access to documentary evidence for the purpose of inspecting and making copies of such evidence, the inspector shall notify that individual that he or she may be in violation of the law and subject to the penalties therein and immediately thereafter refer such individual to the appropriate provisions of the notice which set forth such penalties. If the individual still refuses to comply, in whole or in part, with the authorized request for access, the inspector shall leave the premises; and the Commission shall take such action as it deems appropriate. If the person in charge refuses to accept the notice upon its presentation, the inspector shall affix the notice to a public entrance way on the premises. Sec. 1605.3 Compulsory processes and the service thereof. (a) In addition to or in lieu of authorizing the issuance of a notice, the Commission may elect to use any of the following means to initiate investigations, inspections, or inquiries to obtain information for the purposes set forth in Sec. 1605.1(a): (1) Orders for Access; (2) Subpoenas; [[Page 765]] (3) Investigational Hearings; (4) Depositions; (5) Written Interrogatories; and (6) General or special Orders. (b) Service of notice in connection with any of the compulsory processes enumerated in Sec. 1605.3(a) shall be effected as follows: (1) By personal service upon the person, or agent-in-charge of the sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation being investigated, inspected, or inquired of; or (2) By mail (registered or certified) or delivery to the last known residence or business address of anyone being investigated, inspected, or inquired of. (c) The date of service of any form of compulsory process shall be the date on which the document is mailed, or delivered in person, whichever is applicable. Whenever a party is required or permitted to do an act within a prescribed period after service of a document and the document is served by mail, three (3) days shall be added to the prescribed period. (d) These rules shall be referred to in any form of compulsory process served upon a person, sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation. (e) Anyone submitting information in response to any of the compulsory processes referred to in Sec. 1605.4(a) hereof should state whether any of the information submitted is believed to contain or relate to a trade secret or other matter which should be considered by the Commission to be confidential in accordance with section 4(c) of the Flammable Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C. 1193(c)) and whether any of the information is believed to be entitled to exemption from disclosure by the Commission under the provisions of the Freedom of Information Act (15 U.S.C. 552) or section 6(f) of the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 46(f)). Any statement asserting this claim of confidentiality must be in writing, and any request for exemption of the information from disclosure must be made in accordance with the Commission's Freedom of Information Act regulations, 16 CFR part 1015, 42 FR 10490, February 22, 1977 or as amended. Sec. 1605.4 Orders for access. (a) In the event an inspection pursuant to Sec. 1605.2 herein is refused, in whole or in part, or prior to any such inspection, the Commission may issue an order requiring any person, sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation to allow access to a duly-designated officer or employee of the Commission for the purpose of conducting an inspection. Such order will be issued by the Commission upon the demonstration by the staff of a justifiable need to gain access. Inspections conducted after service of an order for access shall be conducted in accordance with the procedures provided in Sec. 1605.2. (b) After issuance of an order for access, the staff may, upon request of the recipient of the order, agree to modify the order to limit its scope, impose conditions or extend the time for compliance. If an agreement cannot be voluntarily reached, the recipient of the order may file a motion to limit or quash the order. Any such motion shall set forth the reasons why the order should be limited or quashed; and may be accompanied by memoranda, affidavits, or other documents submitted in support of the motion. Unless a different period of time for filing a motion is specified in the order, the motion must be received in the Office of the Secretary of the Commission within ten calendar days after the order is mailed or delivered in person to such person, sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation unless the Commission, upon a showing of good cause, grants an extension of time within which to file a motion to limit or quash an order of access. (c) Upon receipt of a motion to limit or quash the order for access, the Office of the Secretary shall immediately notify and trasmit a copy of the motion to Associate Executive Director for Compliance and Enforcement or the General Counsel, as appropriate. Unless a different period of time is specified in the order, the Associate Executive Director for Compliance and Enforcement or General Counsel shall file an answer with the Office of the Secretary within ten calendar days after receipt of a copy of the motion. A copy of the answer shall be served upon the moving party or the counsel of the moving [[Page 766]] party. No reply to the answer will be permitted. (d) All motions to limit or quash shall be ruled upon by the Commission. The Office of the Secretary shall serve the decision on the motion to limit or quash the order of access upon the moving party or the counsel of the moving party and shall furnish a copy of the decision to the Associate Executive Director for Compliance and Enforcement or the General Counsel, as appropriate. The decision on the motion to limit or quash shall be the final decision on the matter. Motions for reconsideration will not be received. Sec. 1605.5 Subpoenas. (a) The Commission may issue to any person, sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation a subpoena requiring the production of documentary evidence (subpoena duces tecum) and/or the attendance and testimony of witnesses (subpoena ad testificandum) relating to any matter under investigation. The Commission hereby delegates to the Associate Executive Director for Compliance and Enforcement, the Director of the Enforcement Division, the Solicitor, or the General Counsel, depending upon which officer is involved with the subpoena, the power to negotiate and approve the terms of satisfactory compliance with such subpoena. (b) The person, sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation upon whom a subpoena is served may file a motion to limit or quash the subpoena. Any such motion shall set forth the reasons why the subpoena should be quashed or limited and may be accompanied by memoranda, affidavits, or other documents submitted in support of the motion. Unless a different period of time for filing a motion is specified in the subpoena, the motion must be received in the Office of the Secretary of the Commission within ten calendar days after the subpoena is mailed or delivered to such person, sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation unless the Commission, upon a showing of good cause, grants an extension of time within which to file a motion to limit or quash a subpoena. (c) Upon receipt of any such motion, the Office of the Secretary shall immediately notify and transmit a copy of the motion to the Associate Executive Director for Compliance and Enforcement or the General Counsel, as appropriate. Unless a different period of time is specified in the subpoena, the Associate Executive Director for Compliance and Enforcement or the General Counsel shall file an answer with the Office of the Secretary within ten calendar days after receipt of a copy of the motion. A copy of the answer shall be served upon the moving party or the counsel of the moving party. No reply to the answer will be permitted. (d) All motions to limit or quash a subpoena shall be ruled upon by the Commission. The Office of the Secretary shall serve the decision on the motion to limit or quash the subpoena upon the moving party or the counsel of the moving party and shall furnish a copy of the decision to the Associate Executive Director for Compliance and Enforcement or the General Counsel, as appropriate. The decision on the motion to limit or quash shall be the final decision on the matter. Motions for reconsideration will not be received. Sec. 1605.6 Investigational hearings. (a) The Commission may order, and by subpoena, may compel any person, sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation to provide information at an investigational hearing. Such hearings shall be for the purpose of taking the testimony, under oath, of witnesses and receiving documents and other data relating to any subject under investigation. Such hearings shall be presided over by the commission, by one or more of its members, an Administrative Law Judge, hearing examiner, attorney-examiner or by a duly designated officer or employee. The hearings shall be stenographically reported, and a transcript thereof shall be made a part of the record. (b) A Commissioner who participates in such a hearing or other investigation, inspection, or inquiry shall not be disqualified by reason of such participation from subsequently sharing in a Commission decision in the matter. (c) All investigational hearings shall be closed to the public, unless otherwise ordered by the Commission. [[Page 767]] (d) The release of the record of such hearing shall be governed by the Commission's regulations under the Freedom of Information Act, 5 U.S.C. 552, and/or other applicable laws or regulations. Sec. 1605.7 Depositions. (a) The Commission may order and, by subpoena, may compel testimony to be taken by deposition at any stage of any investigation. Such depositions may be taken before any person designated by the Commission who has the power to administer oaths. The testimony given shall be reduced to writing by the person taking the deposition or under such person's direction and shall then be submitted to the deponent for signature unless the deponent waives the right to sign the deposition. All depositions shall be closed to the public, unless otherwise ordered by the Commission. The release of the record of such depositions shall be governed by the Commission's regulations under the Freedom of Information Act, 5 U.S.C. 552, and/or other applicable laws or regulations. (b) Any changes in form or substance which the deponent desires to make shall state the reasons for such changes. The deposition shall then be signed by the deponent, unless the deponent waives the right to sign, cannot be found, or is unable or refuses to sign. If the deposition is not signed by the deponent within 30 days of its submission to the deponent, or such shorter time as the Commission may designate, the Commission designee shall sign it and state on the record the fact of the waiver of the right to sign or of the illness or absence of the deponent, or the fact of the deponent's inability or refusal to sign together with the reason, if any, given therefor. The deposition referred to herein may be used in any investigation or any administrative or judical adjudicative proceeding. Sec. 1605.8 Rights of witnesses at investigational hearings and of deponents at depositions. (a) Any person, or agent or officer of a sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation who is required to produce documentary evidence or give testimony as a witness at an investigational hearing conducted under provisions of Sec. 1605.6 or as a deponent at a deposition taken in accordance with provisions of Sec. 1605.7 may be accompanied by an attorney or an official or employee of the person, sole proprietorship, parnership, or corporation, who may act as counsel for the witness or the deponent. However, a person who is subpoenaed to produce documentary evidence or give testimony at an investigational hearing or deposition cannot act as counsel for another witness or deponent at the same proceeding. The term attorney refers to members of the bar of a Federal Court or the courts of any State or Territory of the United States, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, or the District of Columbia. The witness or deponent and his or her counsel may act as follows during the course of an investigational hearing or deposition: (1) A witness or deponent may confer, in confidence, with his or her counsel concerning any questions asked of the witness or deponent. If the witness or deponent or counsel objects to a question, the objection and basis thereof shall be stated on the record. In the case of an objection based upon the privilege against self incrimination, the privilege must be asserted by the witness or deponent. If a witness at an investigationl hearing refuses to answer a question or provide other information, the presiding officer shall have the authority to immediately order the witness or deponent to answer the question or provide the information requested, except in circumstances where an immediate ruling would be unwarranted and except where such refusal is based upon the privilege against self incrimination, which shall be handled in accordance with the procedure set forth in 18 U.S.C. 6002 and 6004. Otherwise, all objections shall be ruled upon by the presiding officer at the time the objection is made. (2) Objections timely made under the provisions of Sec. 1605.8(a) shall be noted on the record, shall be treated as continuing, and shall be preserved throughout the course of the proceeding without the necessity of repetition during similar lines of inquiry. [[Page 768]] (3) Except as provided by this Sec. 1605.8(a), counsel for a witness or a deponent may not interrupt the examination of the witness or the deponent by making objections or statements on the record. (4) Upon completion of the examination of a witness or a deponent, the witness or deponent may clarify on the record any of his or her answers. (b) Any such person, agent, or officer who is required to appear in person at an investigational hearing or at a deposition shall testify as to matters and information known and/or reasonably available to the person, sole proprietorship, parnership, or corporation involved. (c) Any such person, agent, or officer who is compelled by subpoena to appear in person at an investigational hearing or at a deposition shall receive the same fees and mileage allowances as are paid witnesses in the courts of the United States. (d) Any such person, agent, or officer who is required to appear in person at an investigational hearing or at a deposition shall be entitled to retain a copy of any document submitted by him or her and, upon payment of lawfully prescribed costs, shall be entitled to procure a copy of his or her own testimony as recorded. (e) The Commission designee who presides at an investigational hearing or before whom a deposition is taken shall take all necessary action to regulate the course of the hearing or the deposition, to avoid delay and to assure that reasonable standards of orderly and ethical conduct are maintained. Such designee shall, for reasons stated on the record, immediately report to the Commission any instance in which counsel for a witness or a deponent has refused to comply with the designee's directions, or to adhere to reasonable standards of orderly and ethical conduct in the course of the hearing or the deposition. The Commission shall thereupon take such action as the circumstances warrant. Sec. 1605.9 Written interrogatories. (a) The Commission may order any person, sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation being investigated to answer written interrogatories. Such interrogatories shall be answered by the individual or by any agent or officer of the sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation who shall furnish information on behalf of the sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation. The information provided shall be that which is known or reasonably available to the person or organization involved and shall be submitted after reasonable inquiry to obtain the information requested. (b) Each interrogatory shall be answered separately and fully in writing, under oath, unless it is objected to, in which event the reason for the objection shall be stated in lieu of an answer. The answers shall be signed by the individual or the officer or agent making them. The person, sole proprietorship, parnership, or corporation upon whom the interrogatories have been served shall furnish the Commission a copy of the answers and objections, if any, within 30 days after service of the interrogatories or within such shorter time as the commission may designate. Interrogatories submitted hereunder are continuing in character so as to require the person, sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation answering to file supplementary answers upon obtaining further or different information. Sec. 1605.10 General or special orders seeking information. The Commission may require by the issuance of general or special orders, any person, sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation to file with the Commission in such form as the Commission may prescribe annual and/or special reports or answers in writing to specific questions which furnish to the Commission such information as it may require as to its organization, business, conduct, practices, management, and relation to any person, sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation. Such reports and answers shall be made under oath, or otherwise, as the Commission may prescribe and shall be filed with the Commission within such time as the Commission may prescribe, unless additional time may be granted in any case by the Commission. [[Page 769]] Sec. 1605.11 Remedies for failure to permit authorized investigations. In the event of failure to comply with any investigative process authorized by these rules, the Commission may seek appropriate action pursuant to the authority conferred by the Federal Trade Commission Act, including actions for enforcement, forfeitures, penalities, or criminal sanctions. Sec. 1605.12 Nonexclusive delegation of power. No provision contained herein delegating any of the Commission's powers shall be construed as limiting the actual authority of the Commission to exercise the same powers. Subpart B_Consent Order Agreements Sec. 1605.13 Procedures for Consent Order Agreements. (a) The Consent Order Agreement is a document executed by a person, sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation (Consenting Party) and a Commission staff representative which incorporates both a proposed complaint setting forth the staff's charges and a proposed order by which such charges are resolved. A consent order agreement shall contain the following provisions, as appropriate: (1) An admission of all jurisdictional facts by the consenting parties; (2) A waiver of any rights to an administrative or judicial hearing and of any other procedural steps including any rights to seek judicial review or otherwise challenge or contest the validity of the Commission's order; (3) A statement that the agreement is in settlement of the staff's charges and does not constitute an admission by the Consenting Party that the law has been violated; (4) A statement that the Commission's order is issued under the provisions of the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 41 et seq.), the Flammable Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C. 1191 et seq.), and the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2051 et seq.) and that a violation of such an order subjects the Consenting Party to civil penalties under the provisions of the Federal Trade Commission Act; (5) An acknowledgement that the consent order agreement only becomes effective upon its final acceptance by the Commission and its service upon the Consenting Party; (6) An acknowledgement that the Commission may disclose terms of the consent order agreement to the public; (7) A statement that the Consulting Party shall cease and desist from certain acts and practices; (8) A statement that the Consenting Party shall perform certain acts and practices pursuant to the consent order agreement; (9) An acknowledgement that the requirements of the order are in addition to, and not to the exclusion of, other remedies such as criminal penalties which may be pursued under section 7 of the Flammable Fabrics Act. (b) At any time in the course of an investigation, the staff, with the approval of the Commission may propose to the person, sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation being investigated, that any alleged violation be resolved by an agreement containing a consent order. Additionally, such a proposal may be made to the Commission staff by such person, sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation. (c) Upon receiving an executed agreement, the Commission may: (1) Provisionally accept it; (2) reject it and issue its complaint (in which case the matter will be scheduled for hearing in accordance with the Commission's Rules of Practice for Adjudicative Proceedings (16 CFR part 1025, June 21, 1977, or as later revised)); or (3) take such other action as it may deem appropriate. (d) If the agreement is provisionally accepted, the Commission shall place the agreement on the public record and shall announce provisional acceptance of the agreement in the Federal Register. Any interested person may ask the Commission not to accept the agreement by filing a request in the office of the Secretary. Such request must be received in the Office of the Secretary no later than the close of business of the fifteenth calendar day following the date the announcement is published in the Federal Register. (e) Unless the Commission orders otherwise, the agreement shall be [[Page 770]] deemed finally accepted by the Commission on the 20th calendar day after the date of announcement in the Federal Register. The Commission shall then issue its complaint and order in such form as the circumstances, may require. The order is a final order in disposition of the proceeding and is effective immediately upon its service upon the Consenting Party pursuant to these rules. The Consenting Party shall thereafter be bound by and take immediate action in accordance with such final order. (f) If the Commission does not accept the agreement on a final basis, it shall so notify the Consenting Party. Such notification constitutes withdrawal of the Commission's provisional acceptance unless the Commission orders otherwise. The Commission may then issue its complaint, may order further investigation, or may take such other action it considers appropriate. PART 1608_GENERAL RULES AND REGULATIONS UNDER THE FLAMMABLE FABRICS ACT-- Table of Contents Sec. 1608.0 Scope. 1608.1 Terms defined. 1608.2 Form of separate guaranty. 1608.3 Continuing guaranties. 1608.4 Guaranties furnished by non-residents of the U.S. no bar to prosecution. 1608.5 Salvage operations of common carriers and others. 1608.6 Reference to guaranty by Government prohibited. Authority: Sec. 5, 67 Stat. 112, as amended, 81 Stat. 570, 15 U.S.C. 1194. Source: 40 FR 59887, Dec. 30, 1975, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1608.0 Scope. The rules and regulations in this part are applicable to all standards issued under the Flammable Fabrics Act. Sec. 1608.1 Terms defined. As used in the rules and regulations in this subchapter D, unless the context otherwise specifically requires: (a) The term act means the Flammable Fabrics Act, sec. 1 et seq., 67 Stat. 111-115, as amended, 68 Stat. 770, 81 Stat. 568-74 (15 U.S.C. 1191-1204, note under 1191). (b) The terms rule, rules, regulations, and rules and regulations, mean the rules and regulations prescribed by the Commission pursuant to section 5(c) of the act. (c) The term United States means, the several States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and the Territories and Possessions of the United States. (d) The terms marketing or handling means the transactions referred to in section 3 of the act. (e) The definition of terms contained in section 2 of the act shall be applicable also to such terms when used in rules promulgated under the act. Sec. 1608.2 Form of separate guaranty. The forms which follow are suggested forms of separate guaranties under section 8 of the act for use by guarantors residing in the United States. Representations contained in these suggested forms of separate guaranties with respect to reasonable and representative tests may be based upon a guaranty received and relied upon in good faith by the guarantor, tests performed by or for a guarantor, or class tests, where permitted under these rules. Where the forms are used as part of an invoice or other paper relating to the marketing or handling of products, fabrics, or related materials subject to the act, wording may be varied to limit the guaranty to specific items in such invoice or other paper. The name, address of the guarantor, and date on the invoice or other paper will suffice to meet the signature, address, and date requirements indicated on the forms. (a) General form. The undersigned hereby guarantees that reasonable and representative tests, made in accordance with procedures prescribed and applicable standards or regulations issued, amended, or continued in effect under the Flammable Fabrics Act, as amended, show that the product, fabric, or related material covered and identified by, and in the form delivered under this document conforms to the applicable standard or regulation issued, amended, or continued in effect. Date:___________________________________________________________________ Name____________________________________________________________________ Address_________________________________________________________________ (b) Form for guaranty based on guaranty. [[Page 771]] Based upon a guaranty received, the undersigned hereby guarantees that reasonable and representative tests, made in accordance with procedures prescribed pursuant to the Flammable Fabrics Act, as amended, show that the product, fabric, or related material covered and identified by, and in the form delivered under this document conforms to the applicable standard or regulation issued, amended, or continued in effect. Date:___________________________________________________________________ Name____________________________________________________________________ Address_________________________________________________________________ (Sec. 5 of the Act, 67 Stat. 112, as amended by 81 Stat. 570, 15 U.S.C. sec. 1194; sec. 8 of the Act, 67 Stat. 114, as amended by 81 Stat. 572, 15 U.S.C. sec. 1197) Sec. 1608.3 Continuing guaranties. (a) Any person residing in the United States may file with the Office of the Secretary of the Consumer Product Safety Commission a continuing guaranty under section 8 of the act applicable to any product, fabric, or related material marketed or handled by such person. When filed with the Commission, a continuing guaranty shall be fully executed in duplicate and execution of each copy shall be acknowledged before a notary public. Forms for use in preparing continuing guaranties to be filed with the Commission will be supplied by the Office of the Secretary of the Commission upon request. To remain in effect, such guaranties must be renewed every 3 years and at such other times as any change occurs in the legal business status of the person filing the guaranty. It is therefore required that any person who has filed a continuing guaranty with the Commission shall promptly advise the Commission in writing of any change in the legal status of the guarantor or in the address of the guarantor's principal office and place of business. Representations contained in the prescribed form of continuing guaranty with respect to reasonable and representative tests may be based upon (1) a guaranty received and relied upon in good faith by the guarantor, (2) tests performed by or for a guarantor, or (3) class tests, where permitted under these rules. (b) The following is the prescribed form of continuing guaranty for filing with the Commission: Continuing Guaranty Under the Flammable Fabrics Act for Filing With Consumer Products Safety Commission The undersigned, _________, a __________ (Corporation, partnership, proprietorship) residing in the United States and having principal office and place of business at ___________ (Street and number) ______, (City) _____________, (State or territory, ZIP code) and being engaged in the marketing or handling of products, fabrics, or related materials subject to the Flammable Fabrics Act, as amended, and regulations thereunder, Hereby guarantee(s) that with regard to all the products, fabrics, or related materials [described as follows:__________________________________________________ _______________________] (If guaranty is limited to certain products, fabrics, or related materials, list the general categories here. If guaranty is not so limited, leave these lines blank.) hereafter marketed or handled by the undersigned, and for which flammability standards have been issued, amended, or continued in effect under the Flammable Fabrics Act, as amended, reasonable and representative tests as prescribed by the Consumer Product Safety Commission have been performed, which shows that the products, fabrics, or related materials conform to such of the above-mentioned flammability standards as are applicable thereto. Dated, signed, and executed this _____ day of ______, 19__, at ____________ (City), _____________ (State or Territory) (Impression of corporate seal, if (Name under which business is corporation.) conducted.) ------------------------------- (If firm is a partnership list partners (Signature of proprietor, below.) partner, or authorized official of corporation.) ----------------------------------------- State of __________, ss: County of ________ On this _____ day of _______, 19__, before me personally appeared the said ______, (Signer of guaranty) proprietor, partner (strike nonapplicable words) _____________ (If corporation, give title of signing official) of ______, (Firm name) to me personally known, and acknowledged the execution of the foregoing instrument on behalf of the firm, for the uses and purposes therein stated. (Impression of notary seal required Notary Public in and for here.) County of ______ State of _______. My commission expires ______________ (c) Any person who has a continuing guaranty on file with the Commission [[Page 772]] may, during the effective period of the guaranty, give notice of such fact by setting forth on the invoice or other paper covering the marketing or handling of the product, fabric, or related material guaranteed the following: Continuing guaranty under the Flammable Fabrics Act filed with the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Provided, however, That such statement may not be used where the guaranty is limited and the invoice or other paper covers any product, fabric, or related material, subject to a flammability standard under the act, which is not covered by the guaranty because of its limited nature. (d) Any person who falsely represents that he has a continuing guaranty on file with the Commission when such is not a fact, or who falsely represents that a limited continuing guaranty he does have on file with the Commission covers any product, fabric, or related material when such is not the case, shall be deemed to have furnished a false guaranty under section 8(b) of the act. (e) Any seller residing in the United States may give a continuing guaranty under section 8 of the act to a buyer applicable to any product, fabric, or related material sold or to be sold to said buyer by seller. All such continuing guaranties shall be fully executed in duplicate and execution of each copy shall be acknowledged before a notary public. To remain in effect, such guaranties must be renewed every 3 years and at such other times as any change occurs in the legal business status of the person giving the guaranty. Representations contained in the prescribed form of continuing guaranty from seller to buyer with respect to reasonable and representative tests may be based upon: (1) A guaranty received and relied upon in good faith by the guarantor, (2) tests performed by or for a guarantor, or (3) class tests, where permitted under these rules. (f) The following is the prescribed form of continuing guaranty from seller to buyer: Continuing Guaranty From Seller to Buyer Under the Flammable Fabrics Act The undersigned,_______________________________________________________ a_______________________________________________________________________ (Corporation, partnership, proprietorship) residing in the United States and having its principal office and place of business at ______, _____________, (Street and number) ______ (City), ______________ (State or Territory and ZIP code), and being engaged in the marketing or handling of products, fabrics, or related materials subject to the Flammable Fabrics Act, as amended, and Regulations thereunder, Hereby guarantee(s) to ________ (Name and address), buyer, that with regard to all the products, fabrics, or related materials [described as follows: ______________ (If guaranty is limited to certain products, fabrics, or related materials, list the general categories here. If guaranty is not so limited, leave these lines blank.) hereafter sold or to be sold to buyer by the undersigned, and for which flammability standards have been issued, amended, or continued in effect under the Flammable Fabrics Act, as amended, reasonable and representative tests as prescribed by the Consumer Product Safety Commission have been performed show that the products, fabrics, or related materials, at the time of their shipment or delivery by the undersigned, conform to such of the above-mentioned flammability standards as are applicable thereto. Dated, signed, and executed this ________ day of ______ 19__, at __________, (City) __________ (State or Territory). (Impression of corporate seal, if (Name under which business is corporation.) conducted.) ------------------------------- (If firm is a partnership list partners (Signature of proprietor, below.) partner, or authorized official of corporation.) ----------------------------------------- State of __________, ss: County of __________, On this ___ day of ______, 19__, before me personally appeared the said __________ (Signer of guaranty), proprietor, partner (Strike non- applicable words) ______________ (If corporation, give title of signing official) of ________________ (Firm name), to me personally known, and acknowledged the execution of the foregoing instrument on behalf of the firm, for the uses and purposes therein stated. (Impression of notary seal required Notary Public in and for here.) County of ______, State of _______. My commission expires ______ [[Page 773]] (Sec. 5 of the Act, 67 Stat. 112, as amended by 81 Stat. 570, 15 U.S.C. 1194: section 8 of the Act 67 Stat. 114, as amended by 81 Stat. 572, 15 U.S.C. 1197) [40 FR 59887, Dec. 30, 1975, as amended at 52 FR 48810, Dec. 28, 1987] Sec. 1608.4 Guaranties furnished by nonresidents of the U.S. no bar to prosecution. A guaranty furnished under section 8 of the act by a person who is not a resident of the United States may not be relied upon as a bar to prosecution under section 7 of the act for a violation of section 3 of the act. Sec. 1608.5 Salvage operations of common carriers and others. For the purposes of this act the ordinary course of business of common carriers, contract carriers or freight forwarders, as referred to in section 11 of the act, shall not include the marketing or handling of products, fabrics, or related materials subject to the act in the course of performance of salvage or lien realizing operations. Sec. 1608.6 Reference to guaranty by Government prohibited. No representation nor suggestion shall be made in advertising or otherwise marketing or handling products, fabrics or related materials subject to the act that the act, the Government, or any branch thereof, guarantees, in any manner that such product, fabric, or related material conforms to a flammability standard in effect under the act. PART 1609_TEXT OF THE FLAMMABLE FABRICS ACT OF 1953, AS AMENDED IN 1954, PRIOR TO 1967 AMENDMENT AND REVISION--Table of Contents Sec. 1609.1 Text of the Flammable Fabrics Act of 1953, as amended in 1954. The following is the text of the Flammable Fabrics Act of 1953, ch. 164, 67 Stat. 111, as amended, ch. 833, 68 Stat. 770 (1954): An Act To prohibit the introduction or movement in interstate commerce of articles of wearing apparel and fabrics which are so highly flammable as to be dangerous when worn by individuals, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, Short Title Section 1. This Act may be cited as the ``Flammable Fabrics Act.'' Definitions Sec. 2. As used in this Act-- (a) The term person means an individual, partnership, corporation, association, or any other form of business enterprise. (b) The term commerce means commerce among the several States or with foreign nations, or in any Territory of the United States or in the District of Columbia, or between any such Territory and another, or between any such Territory and any State or foreign nation, or between the District of Columbia and any State or Territory or foreign nation. (c) The term Territory includes the insular possessions of the United States and also any Territory of the United States. (d) The term article of wearing apparel means any costume or article of clothing worn or intended to be worn by individuals except hats, gloves, and footwear: Provided, however, That such hats do not constitute or form part of a covering for the neck, face, or shoulders when worn by individuals: Provided further, That such gloves are not more than fourteen inches in length and are not affixed to or do not form an integral part of another garment: And provided further, That such footwear does not consist of hosiery in whole or in part and is not affixed to or does not form an integral part of another garment. (e) The term fabric means any material (other than fiber, filament, or yarn) woven, knitted, felted, or otherwise produced from or in combination with any natural or synthetic fiber, film, or substitute therefor which is intended or sold for use in wearing apparel except that interlining fabrics when intended or sold for use in wearing apparel shall not be subject to this Act. (f) The term interlining means any fabric which is intended for incorporation into an article of wearing apparel as a layer between an outer shell and an inner lining. (g) The term Commission means the Federal Trade Commission. (h) The term Federal Trade Commission Act means the Act of Congress entitled ``An Act to create a Federal Trade Commission, to define its powers and duties, and for other purposes,'' approved September 26, 1914, as amended. [[Page 774]] Prohibited Transactions Sec. 3. (a) The manufacture for sale, the sale, or the offering for sale, in commerce, or the importation into the United States, or the introduction, delivery for introduction, transportation or causing to be transported in commerce or for the purpose of sale or delivery after sale in commerce, of any article of wearing apparel which under the provisions of section 4 of this Act is so highly flammable as to be dangerous when worn by individuals, shall be unlawful and shall be an unfair method of competition and an unfair and deceptive act or practice in commerce under the Federal Trade Commission Act. (b) The sale or the offering for sale, in commerce, or the importation into the United States, or the introduction, delivery for introduction, transportation or causing to be transported in commerce or for the purpose of sale or delivery after sale in commerce, of any fabric which under the provisions of section 4 of this Act is so highly flammable as to be dangerous when worn by individuals, shall be unlawful and shall be an unfair method of competition and an unfair and deceptive act or practice in commerce under the Federal Trade Commission Act. (c) The manufacture for sale, the sale, or the offering for sale, of any article of wearing apparel made of fabric which under section 4 is so highly flammable as to be dangerous when worn by individuals and which has been shipped or received in commerce shall be unlawful and shall be an unfair method of competition and an unfair and deceptive act or practice in commerce under the Federal Trade Commission Act. Standard of Flammability Sec. 4. (a) Any fabric or article of wearing apparel shall be deemed so highly flammable within the meaning of section 3 of this Act as to be dangerous when worn by individuals if such fabrics or any uncovered or exposed part of such article of wearing apparel exhibits rapid and intense burning when tested under the conditions and in the manner prescribed in the Commercial Standard promulgated by the Secretary of Commerce effective January 30, 1953, and identified as ``Flammability of Clothing Textiles, Commercial Standard 191-53,'' or exhibits a rate of burning in excess of that specified in paragraph 3.11 of the Commercial Standard promulgated by the Secretary of Commerce effective May 22, 1953, and identified as ``General Purpose Vinyl Plastic Film, Commercial Standard 192-53.'' For the purposes of this Act, such Commercial Standard 191-53 shall apply with respect to the hats, gloves, and footwear covered by section 2(d) of this Act, notwithstanding any exception contained in such Commercial Standard with respect to hats, gloves, and footwear. (b) If at any time the Secretary of Commerce finds that the Commercial Standards referred to in subsection (a) of this section are inadequate for the protection of the public interest, he shall submit to the Congress a report setting forth his findings together with such proposals for legislation as he deems appropriate. (c) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 3.1 Commercial Standard 191-53, textiles free from nap, pile, tufting, flock or other type of raised fiber surface when tested as described in said standard shall be classified as class 1, normal flammability, when the time of flame spread is three and one-half seconds or more, and as class 3, rapid and intense burning when the time of flame spread is less than three and one-half seconds. [Approved August 23, 1954.] Administration and Enforcement Sec. 5. (a) Except as otherwise specifically provided herein, sections 3, 5, 6, and 8(b) of this Act shall be enforced by the Commission under rules, regulations and procedures provided for in the Federal Trade Commission Act. (b) The Commission is authorized and directed to prevent any person from violating the provisions of section 3 of this Act in the same manner, by the same means and with the same jurisdiction, powers and duties as though all applicable terms and provisions of the Federal Trade Commission Act were incorporated into and made a part of this Act; and any such person violating any provision of section 3 of this Act shall be subject to the penalties and entitled to the privileges and immunities provided in said Federal Trade Commission Act as though the applicable terms and provisions of the said Federal Trade Commission Act were incorporated into and made a part of this Act. (c) The Commission is authorized and directed to prescribe such rules and regulations as may be necessary and proper for purposes of administration and enforcement of this Act. (d) The Commission is authorized to-- (1) cause inspections, analyses, tests, and examinations to be made of any article of wearing apparel or fabric which it has reason to believe falls within the prohibitions of this Act; and (2) cooperate on matters related to the purposes of this Act with any department or agency of the Government; with any State, Territory, or possession or with the District of Columbia; or with any department, agency, or political subdivision thereof; or with any person. Injunction and Condemnation Proceedings Sec. 6. (a) Whenever the Commission has reason to believe that any person is violating or is about to violate section 3 of this Act, [[Page 775]] and that it would be in the public interest to enjoin such violation until complaint under the Federal Trade Commission Act is issued and dismissed by the Commission or until order to cease and desist made thereon by the Commission has become final within the meaning of the Federal Trade Commission Act or is set aside by the court on review, the Commission may bring suit in the district court of the United States or in the United States court of any Territory for the district or Territory in which such person resides or transacts business, to enjoin such violation and upon proper showing a temporary injunction or restraining order shall be granted without bond. (b) Whenever the Commission has reason to believe that any article of wearing apparel has been manufactured or introduced into commerce or any fabric has been introduced in commerce in violation of section 3 of this Act, it may institute proceedings by process of libel for the seizure and confiscation of such article of wearing apparel or fabric in any district court of the United States within the jurisdiction of which such article of wearing apparel or fabric is found. Proceedings in cases instituted under the authority of this section shall conform as nearly as may be to proceedings in rem in admiralty, except that on demand of either party and in the discretion of the court, any issue of fact shall be tried by jury. Whenever such proceedings involving identical articles of wearing apparel or fabrics are pending in two or more jurisdictions, they may be consolidated for trial by order of any such court upon application seasonably made by any party in interest upon notice to all other parties in interest. Any court granting an order of consolidation shall cause prompt notification thereof to be given to other courts having jurisdiction in the cases covered thereby and the clerks of such other courts shall transmit all pertinent records and papers to the court designated for the trial of such consolidated proceedings. (c) In any such action the court upon application seasonably made before trial shall by order allow any party in interest, his attorney or agent, to obtain a representative sample of the article of wearing apparel or fabric seized. (d) If such articles of wearing apparel or fabrics are condemned by the court they shall be disposed of by destruction, by delivery to the owner or claimant thereof upon payment of court costs and fees and storage and other proper expenses and upon execution of good and sufficient bond to the effect that such articles of wearing apparel or fabrics will not be disposed of for wearing apparel purposes until properly and adequately treated or processed so as to render them lawful for introduction into commerce, or by sale upon execution of good and sufficient bond to the effect that such articles of wearing apparel or fabrics will not be disposed of for wearing apparel purposes until properly and adequately treated or processed so as to render them lawful for introduction into commerce. If such products are disposed of by sale the proceeds, less costs and charges, shall be paid into the Treasury of the United States. Penalties Sec. 7. Any person who willfully violates section 3 or 8(b) of this Act shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be fined not more than $5,000 or be imprisoned not more than one year or both in the discretion of the court: Provided, That nothing herein shall limit other provisions of this Act. Guaranty Sec. 8. (a) No person shall be subject to prosecution under section 7 of this Act for a violation of section 3 of this Act if such person (1) establishes a guaranty received in good faith signed by and containing the name and address of the person by whom the wearing apparel or fabric guaranteed was manufactured or from whom it was received, to the effect that reasonable and representative tests made under the procedures provided in section 4 of this Act show that the fabric covered by the guaranty, or used in the wearing apparel covered by the guaranty, is not, under the provisions of section 4 of this Act, so highly flammable as to be dangerous when worn by individuals, and (2) has not, by further processing, affected the flammability of the fabric or wearing apparel covered by the guaranty which he received. Such guaranty shall be either (1) a separate guaranty specifically designating the wearing apparel or fabric guaranteed, in which case it may be on the invoice or other paper relating to such wearing apparel or fabric; or (2) a continuing guaranty filed with the Commission applicable to any wearing apparel or fabric handled by a guarantor, in such form as the Commission by rules or regulations may prescribe. (b) It shall be unlawful for any person to furnish, with respect to any wearing apparel or fabric, a false guaranty (except a person relying upon a guaranty to the same effect received in good faith signed by and containing the name and address of the person by whom the wearing apparel or fabric guaranteed was manufactured or from whom it was received) with reason to believe the wearing apparel or fabric falsely guaranteed may be introduced, sold, or transported in commerce, and any person who violates the provisions of this subsection is guilty of an unfair method of competition, and an unfair or deceptive act or practice, in commerce within the meaning of the Federal Trade Commission Act. [[Page 776]] Shipments From Foreign Countries Sec. 9. Any person who has exported or who has attempted to export from any foreign country into the United States any wearing apparel or fabric which, under the provisions of section 4, is so highly flammable as to be dangerous when worn by individuals may thenceforth be prohibited by the Commission from participating in the exportation from any foreign country into the United States of any wearing apparel or fabric except upon filing bond with the Secretary of the Treasury in a sum double the value of said products and any duty thereon, conditioned upon compliance with the provisions of this Act. Interpretation and Separability Sec. 10. The provisions of this Act shall be held to be in addition to, and not in substitution for or limitation of, the provisions of any other law. If any provision of this Act or the application thereof to any person or circumstances is held invalid the remainder of the Act and the application of such provisions to any other person or circumstances shall not be affected thereby. Exclusions Sec. 11. The provisions of this Act shall not apply (a) to any common carrier, contract carrier, or freight forwarder with respect to an article of wearing apparel or fabric shipped or delivered for shipment into commerce in the ordinary course of its business; or (b) to any converter, processor, or finisher in performing a contract or commission service for the account of a person subject to the provisions of this Act: Provided, That said converter, processor, or finisher does not cause any article of wearing apparel or fabric to become subject to this Act contrary to the terms of the contract or commission service; or (c) to any article of wearing apparel or fabric shipped or delivered for shipment into commerce for the purpose of finishing or processing to render such article or fabric not so highly flammable, under the provisions of section 4 of this Act, as to be dangerous when worn by individuals. Effective Date Sec. 12. This Act shall take effect one year after the date of its passage. Authorization of Necessary Appropriations Sec. 13. There is hereby authorized to be appropriated such sums as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act. [40 FR 59889, Dec. 30, 1975] PART 1610_STANDARD FOR THE FLAMMABILITY OF CLOTHING TEXTILES--Table of Contents Subpart A_The Standard Sec. 1610.1 Purpose, scope and applicability. 1610.2 Definitions. 1610.3 Summary of test method. 1610.4 Requirements for classifying textiles. 1610.5 Test apparatus and materials. 1610.6 Test procedure. 1610.7 Test sequence and classification criteria. 1610.8 Reporting results. Subpart B_Rules and Regulations 1610.31 Definitions. 1610.32 General requirements. 1610.33 Test procedures for textile fabrics and film. 1610.34 Only uncovered or exposed parts of wearing apparel to be tested. 1610.35 Procedures for testing special types of textile fabrics under the standard. 1610.36 Application of Act to particular types of products. 1610.37 Reasonable and representative tests to support guaranties. 1610.38 Maintenance of records by those furnishing guaranties. 1610.39 Shipments under section 11(c) of the Act. 1610.40 Use of alternative apparatus, procedures, or criteria for tests for guaranty purposes. Subpart C_Interpretations and Policies 1610.61 Reasonable and representative testing to assure compliance with the standard for the clothing textiles. Figure 1 to Part 1610--Sketch of Flammability Apparatus Figure 2 to Part 1610--Flammability Apparatus Views Figure 3 to Part 1610--Specimen Holder Supported in Specimen Rack Figure 4 to Part 1610--An Example of a Typical Indicator Finger Figure 5 to Part 1610--An Example of a Typical Gas Shield Figure 6 to Part 1610--Igniter Figure 7 to Part 1610--Brushing Device Figure 8 to Part 1610--Brush Figure 9 to Part 1610--Brushing Device Template Source: 73 FR 15640, Mar. 25, 2008, unless otherwise noted. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 1191-1204. [[Page 777]] Subpart A_The Standard Sec. 1610.1 Purpose, scope and applicability. (a) Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to reduce danger of injury and loss of life by providing, on a national basis, standard methods of testing and rating the flammability of textiles and textile products for clothing use, thereby prohibiting the use of any dangerously flammable clothing textiles. (b) Scope. The Standard provides methods of testing the flammability of clothing and textiles intended to be used for clothing, establishes three classes of flammability, sets forth the requirements which textiles shall meet to be classified, and warns against the use of those textiles which have burning characteristics unsuitable for clothing. Hereafter, ``clothing and textiles intended to be used for clothing'' shall be referred to as ``textiles.'' (c) Specific exceptions. This standard shall not apply to: (1) Hats, provided they do not constitute or form part of a covering for the neck, face, or shoulders when worn by individuals; (2) Gloves, provided they are not more than 14 inches in length and are not affixed to or do not form an integral part of another garment; (3) Footwear, provided it does not consist of hosiery in whole or part and is not affixed to or does not form an integral part of another garment; (4) Interlining fabrics, when intended or sold for use as a layer between an outer shell and an inner lining in wearing apparel. (d) Specific exemptions. Experience gained from years of testing in accordance with the Standard demonstrates that certain fabrics consistently yield acceptable results when tested in accordance with the Standard. Therefore, persons and firms issuing an initial guaranty of any of the following types of fabrics, or of products made entirely from one or more of these fabrics, are exempt from any requirement for testing to support guaranties of those fabrics: (1) Plain surface fabrics, regardless of fiber content, weighing 2.6 ounces per square yard or more; and (2) All fabrics, both plain surface and raised-fiber surface textiles, regardless of weight, made entirely from any of the following fibers or entirely from combination of the following fibers: acrylic, modacrylic, nylon, olefin, polyester, wool. (e) Applicability. The requirements of this part 1610 shall apply to textile fabric or related material in a form or state ready for use in an article of wearing apparel, including garments and costumes finished for consumer use. Sec. 1610.2 Definitions. In addition to the definitions given in Section 2 of the Flammable Fabrics Act as amended (15 U.S.C. 1191), the following definitions apply for this part 1610. (a) Base burn (also known as base fabric ignition or fusing) means the point at which the flame burns the ground (base) fabric of a raised surface textile fabric and provides a self-sustaining flame. Base burns, used to establish a Class 3 fabric, are those burns resulting from surface flash that occur on specimens in places other than the point of impingement when the warp and fill yarns of a raised surface textile fabric undergo combustion. Base burns can be identified by an opacity change, scorching on the reverse side of the fabric, or when a physical hole is evident. (b) Burn time means the time elapsed from ignition until the stop thread is severed as measured by the timing mechanism of the test apparatus. (c) Dry cleaning means the cleaning of samples in a commercial dry cleaning machine under the conditions described in Sec. 1610.6. (d) Film means any non-rigid, unsupported plastic, rubber or other synthetic or natural film or sheeting, subject to the Act, or any combination thereof, including transparent, translucent, and opaque material, whether plain, embossed, molded, or otherwise surface treated, which is in a form or state ready for use in wearing apparel, and shall include film or sheeting of any thickness. (e) Flammability means those characteristics of a material that pertain to [[Page 778]] its relative ease of ignition and relative ability to sustain combustion. (f) Flame application time means the 1 second during which the ignition flame is applied to the test specimen. (g) Ignition means that there is a self-sustaining flame on the specimen after the test flame is removed. (h) Interlining means any textile which is intended for incorporation into an article of wearing apparel as a layer between an outer shell and an inner lining. (i) Laundering means washing with an aqueous detergent solution and includes rinsing, extraction and tumble drying as described in Sec. 1610.6. (j) Long dimension means the 150 mm (6 in) length of test specimen. (k) Plain surface textile fabric means any textile fabric which does not have an intentionally raised fiber or yarn surface such as a pile, nap, or tuft, but shall include those fabrics that have fancy woven, knitted or flock-printed surfaces. (l) Raised surface textile fabric means any textile fabric with an intentionally raised fiber or yarn surface, such as a pile, including flocked pile, nap, or tufting. (m) Refurbishing means dry cleaning and laundering in accordance with Sec. 1610.6. (n) Sample means a portion of a lot of material which is taken for testing or for record keeping purposes. (o) Specimen means a 50 mm by 150 mm (2 in by 6 in) section of sample. (p) Stop thread supply means No. 50, white, mercerized, 100% cotton sewing thread. (q) Surface flash means a rapid burning of the pile fibers and yarns on a raised fiber surface textile that may or may not result in base burning. (r) Textile fabric means any coated or uncoated material subject to the Act, except film and fabrics having a nitro-cellulose fiber, finish, or coating, which is woven, knitted, felted or otherwise produced from any natural or manmade fiber, or substitute therefore, or combination thereof, of 50 mm (2 in) or more in width, and which is in a form or state ready for use in wearing apparel, including fabrics which have undergone further processing, such as dyeing and finishing, in garment form, for consumer use. Sec. 1610.3 Summary of test method. The Standard provides methods of testing the flammability of textiles from or intended to be used for apparel; establishes three classes of flammability; sets forth the requirements for classifying textiles; and prohibits the use of single or multi-layer textile fabrics that have burning characteristics that make them unsuitable for apparel. All textiles shall be tested before and after refurbishing according to Sec. 1610.6. Each specimen cut from the textile shall be inserted in a frame, brushed if it has a raised-fiber surface, and held in a special apparatus at an angle of 45[deg]. A standardized flame shall be applied to the surface near the lower end of the specimen for 1 second, and the time required for the flame to proceed up the fabric a distance of 127 mm (5 in) shall be recorded. A notation shall be made as to whether the base of a raised-surface textile fabric ignites or fuses. Sec. 1610.4 Requirements for classifying textiles. (a) Class 1, Normal Flammability. Class 1 textiles exhibit normal flammability and are acceptable for use in clothing. This class shall include textiles which meet the minimum requirements set forth in paragraph (a)(1) or paragraph (a)(2) of this section. (1) Plain surface textile fabric. Such textiles in their original state and/or after being refurbished as described in Sec. 1610.6(a) and Sec. 1610.6(b), when tested as described in Sec. 1610.6 shall be classified as Class 1, Normal flammability, when the burn time is 3.5 seconds or more. (2) Raised surface textile fabric. Such textiles in their original state and/or after being refurbished as described in Sec. 1610.6(a) and Sec. 1610.6(b), when tested as described in Sec. 1610.6, shall be classified as Class 1, Normal flammability, when the burn time is more than 7 seconds, or when they burn with a rapid surface flash (0 to 7 seconds), provided the intensity of the flame is so low as not to ignite or fuse the base fabric. (b) Class 2, Intermediate flammability. Class 2 fabrics, applicable only to [[Page 779]] raised-fiber surface textiles, are considered to be of intermediate flammability, but may be used for clothing. This class shall include textiles which meet the minimum requirements set forth in paragraph (b)(2) of this section. (1) Plain surface textile fabric. Class 2 is not applicable to plain surface textile fabrics. (2) Raised surface textile fabric. Such textiles in their original state and/or after being refurbished as described in Sec. 1610.6(a) and Sec. 1610.6(b), when tested as described in Sec. 1610.6, shall be classified as Class 2, Intermediate flammability, when the burn time is from 4 through 7 seconds, both inclusive, and the base fabric ignites or fuses. (c) Class 3, Rapid and intense burning. Class 3 textiles exhibit rapid and intense burning, are dangerously flammable and shall not be used for clothing. This class shall include textiles which have burning characteristics as described in paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) of this section. Such textiles are considered dangerously flammable because of their rapid and intense burning. (1) Plain surface textile fabric. Such textiles in their original state and/or after refurbishing as described in Sec. 1610.6(a) and Sec. 1610.6(b), when tested as described in Sec. 1610.6, shall be classified as Class 3 Rapid and Intense Burning when the time of flame spread is less than 3.5 seconds. (2) Raised surface textile fabric. Such textiles in their original state and/or after refurbishing as described in Sec. 1610.6(a) and Sec. 1610.6(b), when tested as described in Sec. 1610.6, shall be classified as Class 3 Rapid and Intense Burning when the time of flame spread is less than 4 seconds, and the base fabric starts burning at places other than the point of impingement as a result of the surface flash (test result code SFBB). Table 1 to Sec. 1610.4--Summary of Test Criteria for Specimen Classification [See Sec. 1610.7] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Class Plain surface textile fabric Raised surface textile fabric ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1........................................ Burn time is 3.5 seconds or (1) Burn time is greater than 7.0 more ACCEPTABLE (3.5 sec is seconds; or a pass). (2) Burn time is 0-7 seconds with no base burns (SFBB). Exhibits rapid surface flash only. ACCEPTABLE. 2........................................ Class 2 is not applicable to Burn time is 4-7 seconds (inclusive) plain surface textile with base burn (SFBB). fabrics. ACCEPTABLE. 3........................................ Burn time is less than 3.5 Burn time is less than 4.0 seconds with seconds. NOT ACCEPTABLE. base burn (SFBB). NOT ACCEPTABLE. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sec. 1610.5 Test apparatus and materials. (a) Flammability apparatus. The flammability test apparatus consists of a draft-proof ventilated chamber enclosing a standardized ignition mechanism, sample rack, and automatic timing mechanism. The flammability apparatus shall meet the minimum requirements for testing as follows. (1) Test chamber--(i) Test chamber structure. The test chamber shall be a metal, draft-proof ventilated chamber. The test chamber shall have inside dimensions of 35.3 cm high by 36.8 cm wide by 21.6 cm deep (14 in by 14.5 in by 8.5 in). There shall be eleven or twelve 12.7 mm diameter (0.5 in) holes equidistant along the rear of the top closure. The front of the chamber shall be a close fitting door with an insert made of clear material (i.e., glass, plexiglass) to permit observation of the entire test. A ventilating strip is provided at the base of the door in the front of the apparatus. The test chamber to be used in this test method is illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 of this part. (ii) Specimen rack. The specimen rack provides support for the specimen holder (described in paragraph (a)(1)(iii) of this section) in which the specimen is mounted for testing. The angle of inclination shall be 45[deg]. Two guide pins projecting downward from the center of the base of the rack travel in slots provided in the floor of the chamber so that adjustment can be made for the thickness of the specimen in relation to the test flame. A stop shall be provided in the base of the chamber to assist in adjusting the position of the [[Page 780]] rack. The specimen rack shall be constructed so that: It supports the specimen holder in a way that does not obstruct air flow around the bottom edge of the fabric specimen; and the fabric specimen is properly aligned with the igniter tip during flame impingement. The specimen rack to be used in this test method is illustrated in Figures 1 through 3 of this part. Movable rack: Refer to the manufacturers' instruction in relation to the adjustment procedure to move the rack into the appropriate position for the indicator finger alignment. (iii) Specimen holder. The specimen holder supports and holds the fabric specimen. The specimen holder shall consist of two 2 mm (0.06 in) thick U-shaped matched metal plates. The plates are slotted and loosely pinned for alignment. The specimen shall be firmly sandwiched in between the metal plates with clamps mounted along the sides. The two plates of the holder shall cover all but 3.8 cm (1.5 in) of the width of the specimen for its full length. See Figures 1 and 3 of this part. The specimen holder shall be supported in the draft-proof chamber on the rack at an angle of 45[deg]. (iv) Indicator finger. The position of the specimen rack (described in paragraph (a)(1)(ii) of this section) shall be adjusted, so the tip of the indicator finger just touches the surface of the specimen. An indicator finger is necessary to ensure that the tip of the test flame will impinge on the specimen during testing. The indicator finger to be used in this test method is illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 4 of this part. (v) Ignition mechanism. The ignition mechanism shall consist of a motor driven butane gas jet formed around a 26-gauge hypodermic needle and creates the test flame. The test flame shall be protected by a shield. See Figure 5. The test flame is adjusted to 16 mm (0.625 in) and applied to the specimen for 1 second. A trigger device is located in the front of the apparatus, the pulling or pushing of which activates the test flame impingement and timing device. Electro-mechanical devices (i.e., servo-motors, solenoids, micro-switches, and electronic circuits, in addition to miscellaneous custom made cams and rods, shock absorbing linkages, and various other mechanical components) can be used to control and apply the flame impingement. See Figure 6 of this part. (vi) Draft ventilator strip. A draft ventilator strip shall be placed across the front opening, sealing the space between the sliding door when in lowered position and the base on which the grid rack is attached. (See Figure 1 of this part.) (vii) Stop weight. The weight, attached by means of a clip to the stop thread, in dropping actuates the stop motion for the timing mechanism. The weight shall be 30g 5g (1.16 oz. 0.18 oz). (viii) Door. The door shall be a clear (i.e. glass or plexiglass) door, close fitting and allows for viewing of the entire test. (ix) Hood. The hood or other suitable enclosure shall provide a draft-proof environment surrounding the test chamber. The hood or other suitable enclosure shall have a fan or other means for exhausting smoke and/or fumes produced by testing. (2) Stop thread and thread guides--(i) Stop thread. The stop thread shall be stretched from the spool through suitable thread guides provided on the specimen holder and chamber walls. (ii) Stop thread supply. This supply, consisting of a spool of No. 50, white, mercerized, 100% cotton sewing thread, shall be fastened to the side of the chamber and can be withdrawn by releasing the thumbscrew holding it in position. (iii) Thread Guides. The thread guides permit the lacing of the stop thread in the proper position exactly 127 mm (5 in) from the point where the center of the ignition flame impinges on the test specimen. The stop thread shall be 9.5 mm (0.37 in) above and parallel to the lower surface of the top plate of the specimen holder. This condition can be achieved easily and reproducibly with the use of a thread guide popularly referred to as a ``sky hook'' suspended down from the top panel along with two L-shaped thread guides attached to the upper end of the top plate of the specimen holder. Two other thread guides can be installed on the rear [[Page 781]] panel to draw the thread away from directly over the test flame. The essential condition, however, is the uniform height of 9.5 mm (0.37 in) for the stop thread and not the number, placement or design of the thread guides. (iv) Stop weight thread guide. This thread guide shall be used to guide the stop thread when attaching the stop weight. (3) Supply for test flame. (i) The fuel supply shall be a cylinder of chemically pure (c. p.) butane. (ii) The fuel-tank control valve shall consist of a sensitive control device for regulating the fuel supply at the tank. (iii) The flow control device, such as a manometer or flow meter, shall be sufficient to maintain a consistent flame length of 16 mm (\5/ 8\ in). (4) Timing Device. The timing device consists of a timer, driving mechanism and weight. The timer, by means of special attachments, is actuated to start by connection with the gas jet. A trigger device (described in paragraph (a)(1)(v) of this section) activates the flame impingement, causing the driving mechanism to move the gas jet to its most forward position and automatically starts the timer at the moment of flame impact with the specimen. The falling weight, when caused to move by severance of the stop thread, stops the timer. Time shall be read directly and recorded as a burn time. Read burn time to 0.1 second. An electronic or mechanical timer can be used to record the burn time, and electro-mechanical devices (i.e., servo-motors, solenoids, micro- switches, and electronic circuits, in addition to miscellaneous custom made cams and rods, shock absorbing linkages, and various other mechanical components) can be used to control and apply the flame impingement. (b) Specimen preparation equipment and materials--(1) Laboratory drying oven. This shall be a forced circulation drying oven capable of maintaining 105[deg] 3 [deg]C (221[deg] 5 [deg]F) for 30 2 minutes to dry the specimens while mounted in the specimen holders. (2) Desiccator. This shall be an airtight and moisture tight chamber capable of holding the specimens horizontally without contacting each other during the cooling period following drying, and shall contain silica gel desiccant. (3) Desiccant. Anhydrous silica gel shall be used as the desiccant. (4) Automatic washing machine. The automatic washing machine shall be as described in Sec. 1610.6(b)(1)(ii). (5) Automatic tumble dryer. The automatic tumble dryer shall be as described in Sec. 1610.6(b)(1)(ii). (6) Commercial dry cleaning machine. The commercial dry cleaning machine shall be capable of providing a complete automatic dry-to-dry cycle using perchloroethylene solvent and a cationic drycleaning detergent as specified in Sec. 1610.6(b)(1)(i). (7) Dry cleaning solvent. The solvent shall be perchloroethylene, commercial grade. (8) Dry cleaning detergent. The dry cleaning detergent shall be cationic class. (9) Laundering detergent. The laundering detergent shall be as specified in Sec. 1610.6(b)(1)(ii). (10) Brushing device. The brushing device shall consist of a base board over which a small carriage is drawn. See Figure 7 of this part. This carriage runs on parallel tracks attached to the edges of the upper surface of the base board. The brush is hinged with pin hinges at the rear edge of the base board and rests on the carriage vertically with a pressure of 150 gf (0.33 lbf). The brush shall consist of two rows of stiff nylon bristles mounted with the tufts in a staggered position. The bristles are 0.41 mm (0.016 in) in diameter and 19 mm (0.75 in) in length. There are 20 bristles per tuft and 4 tufts per inch. See Figure 8 of this part. A clamp is attached to the forward edge of the movable carriage to permit holding the specimen on the carriage during the brushing operation. The purpose of the metal plate or ``template'' on the carriage of the brushing device is to support the specimen during the brushing operation. The template shall be 3.2 mm (0.13 in) thick. See Figure 9 of this part. [73 FR 15640, Mar. 25, 2008, as amended at 73 FR 62187, Oct. 20, 2008] [[Page 782]] Sec. 1610.6 Test procedure. The test procedure is divided into two steps. Step 1 is testing in the original state; Step 2 is testing after the fabric has been refurbished according to paragraph (b)(1) of this section. (a) Step 1--Testing in the original state. (1) Tests shall be conducted on the fabric in a form or state ready for use in wearing apparel. Determine whether the fabric to be tested is a plain surface textile fabric or a raised surface textile fabric as defined in Sec. 1610.2 (k) and (l). There are some fabrics that require extra attention when preparing test specimens because of their particular construction characteristics. Examples of these fabrics are provided in paragraphs (a)(1)(i) through (vi) of this section along with guidelines for preparing specimens from these fabrics. This information is not intended to be all-inclusive. (i) Flocked fabrics. Fabrics that are flocked overall are treated as raised surface textile fabrics as defined in Sec. 1610.2(l). Flock printed fabrics (usually in a pattern and not covering the entire surface) shall be treated as plain surface textile fabrics as defined in Sec. 1610.2(k). (ii) Cut velvet fabrics. Cut velvet fabrics with a patterned construction shall be considered a raised surface textile fabric as defined in Sec. 1610.2(l). (iii) Metallic thread fabrics. Metallic thread fabrics shall be considered plain surface textile fabrics provided the base fabric is smooth. The specimens shall be cut so that the metallic thread is parallel to the long dimension of the specimen and arranged so the test flame impinges on a metallic thread. (iv) Embroidery. Embroidery on netting material shall be tested with two sets of preliminary specimens to determine the most flammable area (which offers the greatest amount of netting or embroidery in the 150 mm (6 in.) direction). One set of netting only shall be tested and the other set shall consist mainly of embroidery with the specimens cut so that the test flame impinges on the embroidered area. Test the most flammable area according to the plain surface textile fabric requirements. The full test shall be completed on a sample cut from the area that has the fastest burn rate. (v) Burn-out patterns. Flat woven constructions with burn-out patterns shall be considered plain surface textile fabrics as defined in Sec. 1610.2(k). (vi) Narrow fabrics and loose fibrous materials. Narrow fabrics and loose fibrous materials manufactured less than 50 mm (2 in) in width in either direction shall not be tested. If a 50 mm by 150 mm (2 in by 6 in) specimen cannot be cut due to the nature of the item, i.e. hula skirts, leis, fringe, loose feathers, wigs, hairpieces, etc., do not conduct a test. (2) Plain surface textile fabrics: (i) Preliminary trials. Conduct preliminary trials to determine the quickest burning direction. The specimen size shall be 50 mm by 150 mm (2 in by 6 in). Cut one specimen from each direction of the fabric. Identify the fabric direction being careful not to make any identifying marks in the exposed area to be tested. Preliminary specimens shall be mounted and conditioned as described in paragraphs (a)(2)(ii) through (iv) of this section and then tested following the procedure in paragraph (c) of this section to determine if there is a difference in the burning characteristics with respect to the direction of the fabric. (ii) Identify and cut test specimens. Cut the required number of test specimens to be tested (refer to Sec. 1610.7(b)(1)). Each specimen shall be 50 mm by 150 mm (2 in by 6 in), with the long dimension in the direction in which burning is most rapid as established in the preliminary trials. Be careful not to make any identifying marks in the exposed area to be tested. (iii) Mount specimens. Specimens shall be placed in the holders, with the side to be burned face up. Even though plain surface textile fabrics are not brushed, all specimens shall be mounted in a specimen holder placed on the carriage that rides on the brushing device to ensure proper position in the holder. A specimen shall be placed between the two metal plates of a specimen holder and clamped. Each specimen shall be mounted and clamped prior to conditioning and testing. (iv) Condition specimens. All specimens mounted in the holders shall then be placed in a horizontal position on an open metal shelf in the oven to permit [[Page 783]] free circulation of air around them. The specimens shall be dried in the oven for 30 2 minutes at 105[deg] 3 [deg]C (221[deg] 5 [deg]F), removed from the oven and placed over a bed of anhydrous silica gel desiccant in a desiccator until cool, but not less than 15 minutes. (v) Flammability test. Follow the test procedure in paragraph (c) of this section and also follow the test sequence in Sec. 1610.7(b)(1). (3) Raised surface textile fabrics--(i) Preliminary trials. The most flammable surface of the fabric shall be tested. Conduct preliminary trials and/or visual examination to determine the quickest burning area. The specimen size shall be 50 mm by 150 mm (2 in by 6 in). For raised surface textile fabrics, the direction of the lay of the surface fibers shall be parallel with the long dimension of the specimen. Specimens shall be taken from that part of the raised-fiber surface that appears to have the fastest burn time. For those fabrics where it may be difficult to visually determine the correct direction of the lay of the raised surface fibers, preliminary tests can be done to determine the direction of the fastest burn time. For textiles with varying depths of pile, tufting, etc., the preliminary test specimens are taken from each depth of pile area to determine which exhibits the quickest rate of burning. A sufficient number of preliminary specimens shall be tested to provide adequate assurance that the raised surface textile fabric will be tested in the quickest burning area. Preliminary specimens shall be mounted and conditioned as described below and tested following the procedure in paragraph (c) of this section. (ii) Identify and cut test specimens. Cut the required number of specimens (refer to Sec. 1610.7(b)(3)) to be tested. Each specimen shall be 50 mm by 150 mm (2 in by 6 in), with the specimen taken from the direction in which burning is most rapid as established in the preliminary trials and/or visual examination. Be careful not to make any identifying marks in the exposed area to be tested. (iii) Mount specimens. Prior to mounting the specimen, run a fingernail along the 150 mm (6 in) edge of the fabric not more than 6.4 mm (0.25 in) in from the side to determine the lay of the surface fibers. All specimens shall be mounted in a specimen holder placed on the carriage that rides on the brushing device. The specimens shall be mounted with the side to be burned face up and positioned so the lay of the surface fibers is going away from the closed end of the specimen holder. The specimen must be positioned in this manner so that the brushing procedure described in paragraph (a)(3)(iv) of this section will raise the surface fibers, i.e., the specimen is brushed against the direction of the lay of the surface fibers. The specimen shall be placed between the two metal plates of the specimen holder and clamped. (iv) Brush specimens. After mounting in the specimen holder (and with the holder still on the carriage that rides on the brushing device) each specimen shall be brushed one time. The carriage is pushed to the rear of the brushing device, see Figure 7, and the brush, see Figure 8, lowered to the face of the specimen. The carriage shall be drawn forward by hand once against the lay of the surface fibers at a uniform rate. Brushing of a specimen shall be performed with the specimen mounted in a specimen holder. The purpose of the metal plate or ``template'' on the carriage of the brushing device is to support the specimen during the brushing operation. See Figure 9. (v) Condition specimens. All specimens (mounted and brushed) in the holders shall be then placed in a horizontal position on an open metal shelf in the oven to permit free circulation of air around them. The specimens shall be dried in the oven for 30 2 minutes at 105[deg] 3 [deg]C (221[deg] 5 [deg]F) removed from the oven and placed over a bed of anhydrous silica gel desiccant in a desiccator until cool, but not less than 15 minutes. (vi) Conduct flammability test. Follow the procedure in paragraph (c) of this section and follow the test sequence in Sec. 1610.7(b)(3). (b) Step 2--Refurbishing and testing after refurbishing. (1) The refurbishing procedures are the same for both plain surface textile fabrics and raised fiber surface textile fabrics. Those samples that result in a Class 3, Rapid and Intense Burning after Step 1 testing in [[Page 784]] the original state shall not be refurbished and shall not undergo Step 2. (i) Dry cleaning procedure. (A) All samples shall be dry cleaned before they undergo the laundering procedure. Samples shall be dry cleaned in a commercial dry cleaning machine, using the following prescribed conditions: Solvent: Perchloroethylene, commercial grade Detergent class: Cationic. Cleaning time: 10-15 minutes. Extraction time: 3 minutes. Drying Temperature: 60-66 [deg]C (140-150 [deg]F). Drying Time: 18-20 minutes. Cool Down/Deodorization time: 5 minutes. Samples shall be dry cleaned in a load that is 80% of the machine's capacity. (B) If necessary, ballast consisting of clean textile pieces or garments, white or light in color and consisting of approximately 80% wool fabric pieces and 20% cotton fabric pieces, shall be used. (ii) Laundering procedure. The sample, after being subjected to the dry cleaning procedure, shall be washed and dried one time in accordance with sections 8.2.2, 8.2.3 and 8.3.1(A) of AATCC Test Method 124-2006 ``Appearance of Fabrics after Repeated Home Laundering'' (incorporated by reference at Sec. 1610.6(b)(1)(B)(iii)). Washing shall be performed in accordance with sections 8.2.2 and 8.2.3 of AATCC Test Method 124- 2006 using AATCC 1993 Standard Reference Detergent, powder and wash water temperature (IV) (120[deg] 5 [deg]F; 49[deg] 3 [deg]C) specified in Table II of that method, and the water level, agitator speed, washing time, spin speed and final spin cycle specified for ``Normal/Cotton Sturdy'' in Table III of that method. A maximum wash load shall be 8 pounds (3.63 kg) and may consist of any combination of test samples and dummy pieces. Drying shall be performed in accordance with section 8.3.1(A) of that test method, Tumble Dry, using the exhaust temperature (150[deg] 10 [deg]F; 66[deg] 5 [deg]C) and cool down time of 10 minutes specified in the ``Durable Press'' conditions of Table IV. (iii) AATCC Test Method 124-2006 ``Appearance of Fabrics after Repeated Home Laundering,'' is incorporated by reference. The Director of the Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. You may obtain a copy from the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. You may inspect a copy at the Office of the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Room 502, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, Maryland 20814 or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741- 6030, or go to http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/ code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. (2) Testing plain surface textile fabrics after refurbishing. The test procedure is the same as for Step 1--Testing in the original state described in paragraph (a)(1) of this section; also follow the test sequence Sec. 1610.7(b)(2). (3) Testing raised fiber surface textile fabrics after refurbishing. The test procedure is the same as for Step 1--Testing in the original state as described in paragraph (a)(3) of this section; also follow the test sequence in Sec. 1610.7(b)(4). (c) Procedure for testing flammability. (1) The test chamber shall be located under the hood (or other suitable enclosure) with the fan turned off. Open the control valve in the fuel supply. Allow approximately 5 minutes for the air to be drawn from the fuel line, ignite the gas and adjust the test flame to a length of 16 mm (\5/8\ in), measured from its tip to the opening in the gas nozzle. (2) Remove one mounted specimen from the desiccator at a time and place it in position on the specimen rack in the chamber of the apparatus. Thick fabrics may require adjustment of the specimen rack so that the tip of the indicator finger just touches the surface of the specimen. (3) Adjust the position of the specimen rack of the flammability test chamber so that the tip of the indicator finger just touches the face of the mounted specimen. (4) String the stop thread through the guides in the upper plate of the specimen holder across the top of the specimen, and through any other thread guide(s) of the chamber. Hook [[Page 785]] the stop weight in place close to and just below the stop weight thread guide. Set the timing mechanism to zero. Close the door of the flammability test chamber. (5) Begin the test within 45 seconds of the time the specimen was removed from the desiccator. Activate the trigger device to impinge the test flame. The trigger device controls the impingement of the test flame onto the specimen and starts the timing device. The timing is automatic and stops when the weight is released by the severing of the stop thread. (6) At the end of each test, turn on the hood fan to exhaust any fumes or smoke produced during the test. (7) Record the burn time (reading of the timer) for each specimen, along with visual observation using the test result codes given in Sec. 1610.8. If there is no burn time, record the visual observation using the test result codes. Please note for raised-fiber surface textile fabrics, specimens should be allowed to continue burning, even though a burn rate is measured, to determine if the base fabric will fuse. (8) After exhausting all fumes and smoke produced during the test, turn off the fan before testing the next specimen. [73 FR 15640, Mar. 25, 2008, as amended at 73 FR 62187, Oct. 20, 2008] Sec. 1610.7 Test sequence and classification criteria. (a) Preliminary and final classifications. Preliminary classifications are assigned based on the test results both before and after refurbishing. The final classification shall be the preliminary classification before or after refurbishing, whichever is the more severe flammability classification. (b) Test sequence and classification criteria. (1) Step 1, Plain Surface Textile Fabrics in the original state. (i) Conduct preliminary tests in accordance with Sec. 1610.6(a)(2)(i) to determine the fastest burning direction of the fabric. (ii) Prepare and test five specimens from the fastest burning direction. The burn times determine whether to assign the preliminary classification and proceed to Sec. 1610.6(b) or to test five additional specimens. (iii) Assign the preliminary classification of Class 1, Normal Flammability and proceed to Sec. 1610.6(b) when: (A) There are no burn times; or (B) There is only one burn time and it is equal to or greater than 3.5 seconds; or (C) The average burn time of two or more specimens is equal to or greater than 3.5 seconds. (iv) Test five additional specimens when there is either only one burn time, and it is less than 3.5 seconds; or there is an average burn time of less than 3.5 seconds. Test these five additional specimens from the fastest burning direction as previously determined by the preliminary specimens. The burn times for the 10 specimens determine whether to: (A) Stop testing and assign the final classification as Class 3, Rapid and Intense Burning only when there are two or more burn times with an average burn time of less than 3.5 seconds; or (B) Assign the preliminary classification of Class 1, Normal Flammability and proceed to Sec. 1610.6(b) when there are two or more burn times with an average burn time of 3.5 seconds or greater. (v) If there is only one burn time out of the 10 test specimens, the test is inconclusive. The fabric cannot be classified. (2) Step 2, Plain Surface Textile Fabrics after refurbishing in accordance with Sec. 1610.6(b)(1). (i) Conduct preliminary tests in accordance with Sec. 1610.6(a)(2)(i) to determine the fastest burning direction of the fabric. (ii) Prepare and test five specimens from the fastest burning direction. The burn times determine whether to stop testing and assign the preliminary classification or to test five additional specimens. (iii) Stop testing and assign the preliminary classification of Class 1, Normal Flammability, when: (A) There are no burn times; or (B) There is only one burn time, and it is equal to or greater than 3.5 seconds; or (C) The average burn time of two or more specimens is equal to or greater than 3.5 seconds. [[Page 786]] (iv) Test five additional specimens when there is only one burn time, and it is less than 3.5 seconds; or there is an average burn time less than 3.5 seconds. Test five additional specimens from the fastest burning direction as previously determined by the preliminary specimens. The burn times for the 10 specimens determine the preliminary classification when: (A) There are two or more burn times with an average burn time of 3.5 seconds or greater. The preliminary classification is Class 1, Normal Flammability; or (B) There are two or more burn times with an average burn time of less than 3.5 seconds. The preliminary and final classification is Class 3, Rapid and Intense Burning; or (v) If there is only one burn time out of the 10 specimens, the test results are inconclusive. The fabric cannot be classified. (3) Step 1, Raised Surface Textile Fabric in the original state. (i) Determine the area to be most flammable per Sec. 1610.6(a)(3)(i). (ii) Prepare and test five specimens from the most flammable area. The burn times and visual observations determine whether to assign a preliminary classification and proceed to Sec. 1610.6(b) or to test five additional specimens. (iii) Assign the preliminary classification and proceed to Sec. 1610.6(b) when: (A) There are no burn times. The preliminary classification is Class 1, Normal Flammability; or (B) There is only one burn time and it is less than 4 seconds without a base burn, or it is 4 seconds or greater with or without a base burn. The preliminary classification is Class 1, Normal Flammability; or (C) There are no base burns regardless of the burn time(s). The preliminary classification is Class 1, Normal Flammability; or (D) There are two or more burn times with an average burn time of 0- 7 seconds with a surface flash only. The preliminary classification is Class 1, Normal Flammability; or (E) There are two or more burn times with an average burn time greater than 7 seconds with any number of base burns. The preliminary classification is Class 1, Normal Flammability; or (F) There are two or more burn times with an average burn time of 4 through 7 seconds (both inclusive) with no more than one base burn. The preliminary classification is Class 1, Normal Flammability; or (G) There are two or more burn times with an average burn time less than 4 seconds with no more than one base burn. The preliminary classification is Class 1, Normal Flammability; or (H) There are two or more burn times with an average burn time of 4 through 7 seconds (both inclusive) with two or more base burns. The preliminary classification is Class 2, Intermediate Flammability. (iv) Test five additional specimens when the tests of the initial five specimens result in either of the following: There is only one burn time and it is less than 4 seconds with a base burn; or the average of two or more burn times is less than 4 seconds with two or more base burns. Test these five additional specimens from the most flammable area. The burn times and visual observations for the 10 specimens will determine whether to: (A) Stop testing and assign the final classification only if the average burn time for the 10 specimens is less than 4 seconds with three or more base burns. The final classification is Class 3, Rapid and Intense Burning; or (B) Assign the preliminary classification and continue on to Sec. 1610.6(b) when: (1) The average burn time is less than 4 seconds with no more than two base burns. The preliminary classification is Class 1, Normal Flammability; or (2) The average burn time is 4-7 seconds (both inclusive) with no more than 2 base burns. The preliminary classification is Class 1, Normal Flammability, or (3) The average burn time is greater than 7 seconds. The preliminary classification is Class 1, Normal Flammability; or (4) The average burn time is 4 through 7 seconds (both inclusive) with three or more base burns. The preliminary classification is Class 2, Intermediate Flammability, or [[Page 787]] (v) If there is only one burn time out of the 10 specimens, the test is inconclusive. The fabric cannot be classified. (4) Step 2, Raised Surface Textile Fabric After Refurbishing in accordance with Sec. 1610.6(b). (i) Determine the area to be most flammable in accordance with Sec. 1610.6(a)(3)(i). (ii) Prepare and test five specimens from the most flammable area. Burn times and visual observations determine whether to stop testing and determine the preliminary classification or to test five additional specimens. (iii) Stop testing and assign the preliminary classification when: (A) There are no burn times. The preliminary classification is Class 1, Normal Flammability; or (B) There is only one burn time, and it is less than 4 seconds without a base burn; or it is 4 seconds or greater with or without a base burn. The preliminary classification is Class 1, Normal Flammability; or (C) There are no base burns regardless of the burn time(s). The preliminary classification is Class 1, Normal Flammability; or (D) There are two or more burn times with an average burn time of 0 to 7 seconds with a surface flash only. The preliminary classification is Class 1, Normal Flammability; or (E) There are two or more burn times with an average burn time greater than 7 seconds with any number of base burns. The preliminary classification is Class 1, Normal Flammability; or (F) There are two or more burn times with an average burn time of 4 through 7 seconds (both inclusive) with no more than one base burn. The preliminary classification is Class 1, Normal Flammability; or (G) There are two or more burn times with an average burn time less than 4 seconds with no more than one base burn. The preliminary classification is Class 1, Normal Flammability; or (H) There are two or more burn times with an average burn time of 4 through 7 seconds (both inclusive) with two or more base burns. The preliminary classification is Class 2, Intermediate Flammability. (iv) Test five additional specimens when the tests of the initial five specimens result in either of the following: There is only one burn time, and it is less than 4 seconds with a base burn; or the average of two or more burn times is less than 4 seconds with two or more base burns. (v) If required, test five additional specimens from the most flammable area. The burn times and visual observations for the 10 specimens determine the preliminary classification when: (A) The average burn time is less than 4 seconds with no more than two base burns. The preliminary classification is Class 1, Normal Flammability; or (B) The average burn time is less than 4 seconds with three or more base burns. The preliminary and final classification is Class 3, Rapid and Intense Burning; or (C) The average burn time is greater than 7 seconds. The preliminary classification is Class 1, Normal Flammability; or (D) The average burn time is 4-7 seconds (both inclusive), with no more than two base burns. The preliminary classification is Class 1, Normal Flammability; or (E) The average burn time is 4-7 seconds (both inclusive), with three or more base burns. The preliminary classification is Class 2, Intermediate Flammability; or (vi) If there is only one burn time out of the 10 specimens, the test is inconclusive. The fabric cannot be classified. Sec. 1610.8 Reporting results. (a) The reported result shall be the classification before or after refurbishing, whichever is the more severe; and based on this result, the textile shall be placed in the proper final classification as described in Sec. 1610.4. (b) Test result codes. The following are the definitions for the test result codes, which shall be used for recording flammability results for each specimen that is burned. (1) For Plain Surface Textile Fabrics: DNI Did not ignite. IBE Ignited, but extinguished. _._ sec. Actual burn time measured and recorded by the timing device. (2) For Raised Surface Textile Fabrics: [[Page 788]] SF uc Surface flash, under the stop thread, but does not break the stop thread. SF pw Surface flash, part way. No time shown because the surface flash did not reach the stop thread. SF poi Surface flash, at the point of impingement only (equivalent to ``did not ignite'' for plain surfaces). _._ sec. Actual burn time measured by the timing device in 0.0 seconds. _._ SF only Time in seconds, surface flash only. No damage to the base fabric. _._ SFBB Time in seconds, surface flash base burn starting at places other than the point of impingement as a result of surface flash. _._ SFBB poi Time in seconds, surface flash base burn starting at the point of impingement. _._ SFBB poi* Time in seconds, surface flash base burn possibly starting at the point of impingement. The asterisk is accompanied by the following statement: ``Unable to make absolute determination as to source of base burns.'' This statement is added to the result of any specimen if there is a question as to origin of the base burn. Subpart B_Rules and Regulations Sec. 1610.31 Definitions. In addition to the definitions provided in section 2 of the Flammable Fabrics Act as amended (15 U.S.C. 1191), and in Sec. 1610.2 of the Standard, the following definitions apply for this subpart. (a) Act means the ``Flammable Fabrics Act'' (approved June 30, 1953, Pub. Law 88, 83d Congress, 1st sess., 15 U.S.C. 1191; 67 Stat. 111) as amended, 68 Stat. 770, August 23, 1954. (b) Rule, rules, regulations, and rules and regulations, mean the rules and regulations prescribed by the Commission pursuant to section 5(c) of the act. (c) United States means, the several States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and the Territories, and Possessions of the United States. (d) Marketing or handling means the transactions referred to in section 3 of the Flammable Fabrics Act, as amended in 1967. (e) Test means the application of the relevant test method prescribed in the procedures provided under section 4(a) of the Act (16 CFR part 1609). (f) Finish type means a particular finish, but does not include such variables as changes in color, pattern, print, or design, or minor variations in the amount or type of ingredients in the finish formulation. Examples of finish types would be starch finishes, resin finishes or parchmentized finishes. (g) Uncovered or exposed part means that part of an article of wearing apparel that might during normal wear be open to flame or other means of ignition. The outer surface of an undergarment is considered to be an uncovered or exposed part of an article of wearing apparel, and thus subject to the Act. Other examples of exposed parts of an article of wearing apparel subject to the Act include, but are not limited to: (1) Linings, with exposed areas, such as full front zippered jackets; (2) Sweatshirts with exposed raised fiber surface inside and capable of being worn napped side out; (3) Unlined hoods; (4) Rolled cuffs. (h) Coated fabrics means a flexible material composed of a fabric and any adherent polymeric material applied to one or both surfaces. Sec. 1610.32 General requirements. No article of wearing apparel or fabric subject to the Act and regulations shall be marketed or handled if such article or fabric, when tested according to the procedures prescribed in section 4(a) of the Act (16 CFR 1609), is so highly flammable as to be dangerous when worn by individuals. Sec. 1610.33 Test procedures for textile fabrics and film. (a)(1) All textile fabrics (except those with a nitro-cellulose fiber, finish or coating) intended or sold for use in wearing apparel, and all such fabrics contained in articles of wearing apparel, shall be subject to the requirements of the Act, and shall be deemed to be so highly flammable as to be dangerous when worn by individuals if such fabrics or any uncovered or exposed part of such articles of wearing [[Page 789]] apparel exhibits rapid and intense burning when tested under the conditions and in the manner prescribed in subpart A of this part 1610. (2) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (a)(1) of this section, coated fabrics, except those with a nitro-cellulose coating, may be tested under the procedures outlined in part 1611, Standard for the Flammability of Vinyl Plastic Film, and if such coated fabrics do not exhibit a rate of burning in excess of that specified in Sec. 1611.3 they shall not be deemed to be so highly flammable as to be dangerous when worn by individuals. (b) All film, and textile fabrics with a nitro-cellulose fiber, finish or coating intended or sold for use in wearing apparel, and all film and such textile fabrics referred to in this rule which are contained in articles of wearing apparel, shall be subject to the requirements of the Act, and shall be deemed to be so highly flammable as to be dangerous when worn by individuals if such film or such textile fabrics or any uncovered or exposed part of such articles of wearing apparel exhibit a rate of burning in excess of that specified in part 1611, Standard for the Flammability of Vinyl Plastic Film. Sec. 1610.34 Only uncovered or exposed parts of wearing apparel to be tested. (a) In determining whether an article of wearing apparel is so highly flammable as to be dangerous when worn by individuals, only the uncovered or exposed part of such article of wearing apparel shall be tested according to the applicable procedures set forth in Sec. 1610.6. (b) If the outer layer of plastic film or plastic-coated fabric of a multilayer fabric separates readily from the other layers, the outer layer shall be tested under part 1611--Standard for the Flammability of Vinyl Plastic Film. If the outer layer adheres to all or a portion of one or more layers of the underlaying fabric, the multi-layered fabric may be tested under either part 1610--Standard for the Flammability of Clothing Textiles or part 1611. However, if the conditioning procedures required by Sec. 1610.6(a)(2)(iv) and Sec. 1610.6(a)(3)(v) would damage or alter the physical characteristics of the film or coating, the uncovered or exposed layer shall be tested in accordance with part 1611. (c) Plastic film or plastic-coated fabric used, or intended for use as the outer layer of disposable diapers is exempt from the requirements of the Standard, provided that a sample taken from a full thickness of the assembled article passes the test in the Standard (part 1610 or part 1611) otherwise applicable to the outer fabric or film when the flame is applied to the exposed or uncovered surface. See Sec. Sec. 1610.36(f) and 1611.36(f). Sec. 1610.35 Procedures for testing special types of textile fabrics under the standard. (a) Fabric not customarily washed or dry cleaned. (1) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(2) of this section, any textile fabric or article of wearing apparel which, in its normal and customary use as wearing apparel would not be dry cleaned or washed, need not be dry cleaned or washed as prescribed in Sec. 1610.6(b) when tested under the Standard if such fabric or article of wearing apparel, when marketed or handled, is marked in a clear and legible manner with the statement: ``Fabric may be dangerously flammable if dry cleaned or washed.'' An example of the type of fabric referred to in this paragraph is bridal illusion. (2) Section 1610.3, which requires that all textiles shall be refurbished before testing, shall not apply to disposable fabrics and garments. Additionally, such disposable fabrics and garments shall not be subject to the labeling requirements set forth in paragraph (a)(1) of this section. (b) A coated fabric need not, upon test under the procedures outlined in subpart A of part 1610, be dry cleaned as set forth in Sec. 1610.6(b)(1)(i). (c) In determining whether a textile fabric having a raised-fiber surface, which surface is to be used in the covered or unexposed parts of articles of wearing apparel, is so highly flammable as to be dangerous when worn by individuals, only the opposite surface or surface intended to be exposed need be tested under the applicable procedures set forth in Sec. 1610.6, providing an [[Page 790]] invoice or other paper covering the marketing or handling of such fabric is given which clearly designates that the raised-fiber surface is to be used only in the covered or unexposed parts of articles of wearing apparel. Sec. 1610.36 Application of Act to particular types of products. (a) Interlinings. Fabrics intended or sold for processing into interlinings or other covered or unexposed parts of articles of wearing apparel shall not be subject to the provisions of section 3 of the Act: Provided, that an invoice or other paper covering the marketing or handling of such fabrics is given which specifically designates their intended end use: And provided further, that with respect to fabrics which under the provisions of section 4 of the Act, as amended, are so highly flammable as to be dangerous when worn by individuals, any person marketing or handling such fabrics maintains records which show the acquisition, disposition and intended end use of such fabrics, and any person manufacturing articles of wearing apparel containing such fabrics maintains records which show the acquisition, and use and disposition of such fabrics. Any person who fails to maintain such records or to furnish such invoice or other paper shall be deemed to have engaged in the marketing or handling of such products for purposes subject to the requirements of the Act and such person and the products shall be subject to the provisions of sections 3, 6, 7, and 9 of the Act. (b) Hats, gloves, and footwear. Fabrics intended or sold for use in those hats, gloves, and footwear which are excluded under the definition of articles of wearing apparel in section 2(d) of the Act shall not be subject to the provisions of section 3 of the Act: Provided, that an invoice or other paper covering the marketing or handling of such fabrics is given which specifically designates their intended use in such products: And provided further, that with respect to fabrics which under the provisions of section 4 of the Act, as amended, are so highly flammable as to be dangerous when worn by individuals, any person marketing or handling such fabrics maintains records which show the acquisition, disposition, and intended end use of such fabrics, and any person manufacturing hats, gloves, or footwear containing such fabrics maintains records which show the acquisition, end use and disposition of such fabrics. Any person who fails to maintain such records or to furnish such invoice or other paper shall be deemed to have engaged in the marketing or handling of such products for purposes subject to the requirements of the Act and such person and the products shall be subject to the provisions of sections 3, 6, 7, and 9 of the Act. (c) Veils and hats. (1) Ornamental millinery veils or veilings when used as a part of, in conjunction with, or as a hat, are not to be considered such a ``covering for the neck, face, or shoulders'' as would, under the first proviso of section 2(d) of the Act, cause the hat to be included within the definition of the term ``article of wearing apparel'' where such ornamental millinery veils or veilings do not extend more than nine (9) inches from the tip of the crown of the hat to which they are attached and do not extend more than two (2) inches beyond the edge of the brim of the hat. (2) Where hats are composed entirely of ornamental millinery veils or veilings such hats will not be considered as subject to the Act if the veils or veilings from which they are manufactured were not more than nine (9) inches in width and do not extend more than nine (9) inches from the tip of the crown of the completed hat. (d) Handkerchiefs. (1) Except as provided in paragraph (d)(2) of this section, handkerchiefs not exceeding a finished size of twenty-four (24) inches on any side or not exceeding five hundred seventy-six (576) square inches in area are not deemed ``articles of wearing apparel'' as that term is used in the Act. (2) Handkerchiefs or other articles affixed to, incorporated in, or sold as a part of articles of wearing apparel as decoration, trimming, or for any other purpose, are considered an integral part of such articles of wearing apparel, and the articles of wearing apparel and all parts thereof are subject to the provisions of the Act. Handkerchiefs or other articles intended or sold to be affixed to, incorporated in or [[Page 791]] sold as a part of articles of wearing apparel as aforesaid constitute ``fabric'' as that term is defined in section 2(e) of the Act and are subject to the provisions of the Act, such handkerchiefs or other articles constitute textile fabrics as the term ``textile fabric'' is defined in Sec. 1610.2(r). (3) If, because of construction, design, color, type of fabric, or any other factor, a piece of cloth of a finished type or any other product of a finished type appears to be likely to be used as a covering for the head, neck, face, shoulders, or any part thereof, or otherwise appears likely to be used as an article of clothing, garment, such product is not a handkerchief and constitutes an article of wearing apparel as defined in and subject to the provisions of the Act, irrespective of its size, or its description or designation as a handkerchief or any other term. (e) Raised-fiber surface wearing apparel. Where an article of wearing apparel has a raised-fiber surface which is intended for use as a covered or unexposed part of the article of wearing apparel but the article of wearing apparel is, because of its design and construction, capable of being worn with the raised-fiber surface exposed, such raised-fiber surface shall be considered to be an uncovered or exposed part of the article of wearing apparel. Examples of the type of products referred to in this paragraph are athletic shirts or so-called ``sweat shirts'' with a raised-fiber inner side. (f) Multilayer fabric and wearing apparel with a film or coating on the uncovered or exposed surface. Plastic film or plastic-coated fabric used, or intended for use, as the outer layer of disposable diapers is exempt from the requirements of the standard, provided that a full thickness of the assembled article passes the test in the Standard otherwise applicable to the outer fabric or film when the flame is applied to the exposed or uncovered surface. Sec. 1610.37 Reasonable and representative tests to support guaranties. (a) Purpose. The purpose of this Sec. 1610.37 is to establish requirements for reasonable and representative tests to support initial guaranties of products, fabrics, and related materials which are subject to the Standard for the Flammability of Clothing Textiles (the Standard, 16 CFR part 1610). (b) Statutory provisions. (1) Section 8(a) of the Act (15 U.S.C. 1197(a)) provides that no person shall be subject to criminal prosecution under section 7 of the Act (15 U.S.C. 1196) for a violation of section 3 of the Act (15 U.S.C. 1192) if such person establishes a guaranty received in good faith to the effect that the product, fabric, or related material complies with the applicable flammability standard. A guaranty does not provide the holder any defense to an administrative action for an order to cease and desist from violation of the applicable standard, the Act, and the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 45), nor to any civil action for injunction or seizure brought under section 6 of the Act (15 U.S.C. 1195). (2) Section 8 of the Act provides for two types of guaranties: (i) An initial guaranty based on ``reasonable and representative tests'' made in accordance with the applicable standard issued under the Act; and (ii) A guaranty based on a previous guaranty, received in good faith, to the effect that reasonable and representative tests show conformance with the applicable standard. (c) Requirements. (1) Each person or firm issuing an initial guaranty of a product, fabric, or related material subject to the Standard shall devise and implement a program of reasonable and representative tests to support such a guaranty. (2) The term program of reasonable and representative tests as used in this Sec. 1610.37 means at least one test with results demonstrating conformance with the Standard for the product, fabric or related material which is the subject of an initial guaranty. The program of reasonable and representative tests required by this Sec. 1610.37 may include tests performed before the effective date of this section, and may include tests performed by persons or firms outside of the territories of the United States or other than the one issuing the initial guaranty. The number of tests and the frequency of testing shall be left to the discretion of the person or firm issuing the initial guaranty. [[Page 792]] (3) In the case of an initial guaranty of a fabric or related material, a program of reasonable and representative tests may consist of one or more tests of the particular fabric or related material which is the subject of the guaranty, or of a fabric or related material of the same ``class'' of fabrics or related materials as the one which is the subject of the guaranty. For purposes of this Sec. 1610.37, the term class means a category of fabrics or related materials having general constructional or finished characteristics, sometimes in association with a particular fiber, and covered by a class or type description generally recognized in the trade. Sec. 1610.38 Maintenance of records by those furnishing guaranties. (a) Any person or firm issuing an initial guaranty of a product, fabric, or related material which is subject to the Standard for the Flammability of Clothing Textiles (the Standard, 16 CFR part 1610) shall keep and maintain a record of the test or tests relied upon to support that guaranty. The records to be maintained shall show: (1) The style or range number, fiber composition, construction and finish type of each textile fabric or related material covered by an initial guaranty; or the identification, fiber composition, construction and finish type of each textile fabric (including those with a nitrocellulose fiber, finish or coating), and of each related material, used or contained in a product of wearing apparel covered by an initial guaranty. (2) The results of the actual test or tests made of the textile fabric or related material covered by an initial guaranty; or of any fabric or related material used in the product of wearing apparel covered by an initial guaranty. (3) When the person or firm issuing an initial guaranty has conducted the test or tests relied upon to support that guaranty, that person or firm shall also include with the information required by paragraphs (a) (1) and (2) of this section, a sample of each fabric or related material which has been tested. (b) Persons furnishing guaranties based upon class tests shall maintain records showing: (1) Identification of the class test. (2) Fiber composition, construction and finish type of the fabrics, or the fabrics used or contained in articles of wearing apparel so guaranteed. (3) A swatch of each class of fabrics guaranteed. (c) Persons furnishing guaranties based upon guaranties received by them shall maintain records showing the guaranty received and identification of the fabrics or fabrics contained in articles of wearing apparel guaranteed in turn by them. (d) The records referred to in this section shall be preserved for a period of 3 years from the date the tests were performed, or in the case of paragraph (c) of this section from the date the guaranties were furnished. (e) Any person furnishing a guaranty under section 8(a) of the Act who neglects or refuses to maintain and preserve the records prescribed in this section shall be deemed to have furnished a false guaranty under the provisions of section 8(b) of the Act. Sec. 1610.39 Shipments under section 11(c) of the Act. (a) The invoice or other paper relating to the shipment or delivery for shipment in commerce of articles of wearing apparel or textile fabrics for the purpose of finishing or processing to render them not so highly flammable as to be dangerous when worn by individuals, shall contain a statement disclosing such purpose. (b) An article of wearing apparel or textile fabric shall not be deemed to fall within the provisions of section 11(c) of the Act as being shipped or delivered for shipment in commerce for the purpose of finishing or processing to render such article of wearing apparel or textile fabric not so highly flammable under section 4 of the Act, as to be dangerous when worn by individuals, unless the shipment or delivery for shipment in commerce of such article of wearing apparel or textile fabric is made directly to the person engaged in the business of processing or finishing textile products for the prearranged purpose of having such article of apparel or textile fabric processed or finished to render it not so highly flammable under section 4 of the Act, as to be dangerous when worn [[Page 793]] by individuals, and any person shipping or delivering for shipment the article of wearing apparel or fabric in commerce for such purpose maintains records which establish that the textile fabric or article of wearing apparel has been shipped for appropriate flammability treatment, and that such treatment has been completed, as well as records to show the disposition of such textile fabric or article of wearing apparel subsequent to the completion of such treatment. (c) The importation of textile fabrics or articles of wearing apparel may be considered as incidental to a transaction involving shipment or delivery for shipment for the purpose of rendering such textile fabrics or articles of wearing apparel not so highly flammable under the provisions of section 4 of the Act, as to be dangerous when worn by individuals, if: (1) The importer maintains records which establish that: (i) The imported textile fabrics or articles of wearing apparel have been shipped for appropriate flammability treatment, and (ii) Such treatment has been completed, as well as records to show the disposition of such textile fabrics or articles of wearing apparel subsequent to the completion of such treatment. (2) The importer, at the time of importation, executes and furnishes to the U.S. Customs and Border Protection an affidavit stating: These fabrics (or articles of wearing apparel) are dangerously flammable under the provisions of section 4 of the Act, and will not be sold or used in their present condition but will be processed or finished by the undersigned or by a duly authorized agent so as to render them not so highly flammable under the provisions of section 4 of the Flammable Fabrics Act, as to be dangerously flammable when worn by individuals. The importer agrees to maintain the records required by 16 CFR 1610.39(c)(1). (3) The importer, if requested to do so by the U.S. Customs and Border Protection, furnishes an adequate specific-performance bond conditioned upon the complete discharge of the obligations assumed in paragraphs (c)(1) and (2) of this section. (d) The purpose of section 11(c) of the Act is only to permit articles of wearing apparel or textile fabrics which are dangerously flammable to be shipped or delivered for shipment in commerce for the purpose of treatment or processing to render them not dangerously flammable. Section 11(c)of the Act does not in any other respect limit the force and effect of sections 3, 6, 7, and 9 of the Act. In particular, section 11(c) of the Act does not authorize the sale or offering for sale of any article of wearing apparel or textile fabric which is in fact dangerously flammable at the time of sale or offering for sale, even though the seller intends to ship the article for treatment prior to delivery to the purchaser or has already done so. Moreover, under section 3 of the Act a person is liable for a subsequent sale or offering for sale if, despite the purported completion of treatment to render it not dangerously flammable, the article in fact remains dangerously flammable. Sec. 1610.40 Use of alternate apparatus, procedures, or criteria for tests for guaranty purposes. (a) Section 8(a) of the Act provides that no person shall be subject to criminal prosecution under section 7 of the Act (15 U.S.C. 1196) for a violation of section 3 of the Act (15 U.S.C. 1192) if that person establishes a guaranty received in good faith which meets all requirements set forth in section 8 the Act. One of those requirements is that the guaranty must be based upon ``reasonable and representative tests'' in accordance with the applicable standard. (b) Subpart A of this part 1610 prescribes apparatus and procedures for testing fabrics and garments subject to its provisions. See Sec. Sec. 1610.5 & 1610.6. Subpart A prescribes criteria for classifying the flammability of fabrics and garments subject to its provisions as ``Normal flammability, Class 1,'' ``Intermediate flammability, Class 2,'' and ``Rapid and Intense Burning, Class 3.'' See Sec. 1610.4. Sections 3 and 4 of the Act prohibit the manufacture for sale, importation into the United States, or introduction in commerce of any fabric or article of wearing apparel subject to the Standard which exhibits ``rapid and [[Page 794]] intense burning'' when tested in accordance with the Standard. See 16 CFR part 1609. (c) The Commission recognizes that for purposes of supporting guaranties, ``reasonable and representative tests'' could be either the test in subpart A of this part, or alternate tests which utilize apparatus or procedures other than those in subpart A of this part. This Sec. 1610.40 sets forth conditions under which the Commission will allow use of alternate tests with apparatus or procedures other than those in subpart A of this part to serve as the basis for guaranties. (d)(1) Persons and firms issuing guaranties that fabrics or garments subject to the Standard meet its requirements may base those guaranties on any alternate test utilizing apparatus or procedures other than those in subpart A of this part, if such alternate test is as stringent as, or more stringent than, the test in subpart A of this part. The Commission considers an alternate test to be ``as stringent as, or more stringent than'' the test in subpart A of this part if, when testing identical specimens, the alternate test yields failing results as often as, or more often than, the test in subpart A of this part. Any person using such an alternate test must have data or information to demonstrate that the alternate test is as stringent as, or more stringent than, the test in subpart A of this part. (2) The data or information required by this paragraph (d) of this section to demonstrate equivalent or greater stringency of any alternate test using apparatus or procedures other than those in subpart A of this part must be in the possession of the person or firm desiring to use such alternate test before the alternate test may be used to support guaranties of items subject to the Standard. (3) The data or information required by paragraph (d) of this section to demonstrate equivalent or greater stringency of any alternate test using apparatus or procedures other than those in subpart A of this part must be retained for as long as that alternate test is used to support guaranties of items subject to the Standard, and for one year thereafter. (e) Specific approval from the Commission in advance of the use of any alternate test using apparatus or procedures other than those in Subpart A is not required. The Commission will not approve or disapprove any specific alternate test utilizing apparatus or procedures other than those in subpart A of this part. (f) Use of any alternate test to support guaranties of items subject to the Standard without the information required by this section may result in violation of section 8(b), of the Act (15 U.S.C. 1197(b)), which prohibits the furnishing of a false guaranty. (g) The Commission will test fabrics and garments subject to the Standard for compliance with the Standard using the apparatus and procedures set forth in subpart A of this part. The Commission will consider any failing results from compliance testing as evidence that: (1) The manufacture for sale, importation into the United States, or introduction in commerce of the fabric or garment which yielded failing results was in violation of the Standard and of section 3 of the Act; and (2) The person or firm using the alternate test as the basis for a guaranty has furnished a false guaranty, in violation of section 8(b) of the Act. (Reporting requirements contained in paragraph (d) were approved by Office of Management and Budget under control number 3041-0024.) Subpart C_Interpretations and Policies Sec. 1610.61 Reasonable and representative testing to assure compliance with the standard for the clothing textiles. (a) Background. (1) The CPSC administers the Flammable Fabrics Act (``the Act''), 15 U.S.C. 1191-1204. Under the Act, among other things, the Commission enforces the Standard for the Flammability of Clothing Textiles (``the Standard''), 16 CFR part 1610. That Standard establishes requirements for the flammability of clothing and textiles intended to be used for clothing (hereinafter ``textiles''). [[Page 795]] (2) The Standard applies both to fabrics and finished garments. The Standard provides methods of testing the flammability of textiles, and sets forth the requirements that textiles must meet to be classified into one of three classes of flammability (classes 1, 2 and 3). Sec. 1610.4. Class 1 textiles, those that exhibit normal flammability, are acceptable for use in clothing. Sec. 1610.4(a)(1) & (2). Class 2 textiles, applicable only to raised-fiber surfaces, are considered to be of intermediate flammability, but may be used in clothing. Sec. 1610.4(b)(1) & (2). Finally, Class 3 textiles, those that exhibit rapid and intense burning, are dangerously flammable and may not be used in clothing. Sec. 1610.4(c)(1) & (2). The manufacture for sale, offering for sale, importation into the U.S., and introduction or delivery for introduction of Class 3 articles of wearing apparel are among the acts prohibited by section 3(a) of the Act, 15 U.S.C. 1192(a). (3) CPSC currently uses retail surveillance, attends appropriate trade shows, follows up on reports of noncompliance and previous violations, and works with U.S. Customs and Border Protection in an effort to find textiles that violate CPSC's standards. The Commission has a number of enforcement options to address prohibited acts. These include bringing seizure actions in federal district court against violative textiles, seeking an order through an administrative proceeding that a firm cease and desist from selling violative garments, pursuing criminal penalties, or seeking the imposition of civil penalties for ``knowing'' violations of the Act. Of particular relevance to the latter two remedies is whether reasonable and representative tests were performed demonstrating that a textile or garment meets the flammability standards for general wearing apparel. Persons who willfully violate flammability standards are subject to criminal penalties. (4) Section 8(a) of the Act, 15 U.S.C. 1197(a), exempts a firm from the imposition of criminal penalties if the firm establishes that a guaranty was received in good faith signed by and containing the name and address of the person who manufactured the guarantied wearing apparel or textiles or from whom the apparel or textiles were received. A guaranty issued by a person who is not a resident of the United States may not be relied upon as a bar to prosecution. 16 CFR 1608.4. The guaranty must be based on the exempted types of fabrics or on reasonable and representative tests showing that the fabric covered by the guaranty or used in the wearing apparel covered by the guaranty is not so highly flammable as to be dangerous when worn by individuals, i.e., is not a Class 3 material. (The person proffering a guaranty to the Commission must also not, by further processing, have affected the flammability of the fabric, related material or product covered by the guaranty that was received.) Under Sec. 1610.37, a person, to issue a guaranty, should first evaluate the type of fabric to determine if it meets testing exemptions in accordance with Sec. 1610.1(d). (Some textiles never exhibit unusual burning characteristics and need not be tested.) Sec. 1610.1(d). Such textiles include plain surface fabrics, regardless of fiber content, weighing 2.6 oz. or more per sq. yd., and plain and raised surface fabrics made of acrylic, modacrylic, nylon, olefin, polyester, wool, or any combination of these fibers, regardless of weight.) If no exemptions apply, the person issuing the guaranty must devise and implement a program of reasonable and representative tests to support the guaranty. The number of tests and frequency of testing is left to the discretion of that person, but at least one test is required. (5) In determining whether a firm has committed a ``knowing'' violation of a flammability standard that warrants imposition of a civil penalty, the CPSC considers whether the firm had actual knowledge that its products violated the flammability requirements. The CPSC also considers whether the firm should be presumed to have the knowledge that would be possessed by a reasonable person acting in the circumstances, including knowledge that would have been obtainable upon the exercise of due care to ascertain the truth of representations. 15 U.S.C. 1194(e). The existence of results of flammability testing based on a reasonable and representative program [[Page 796]] and, in the case of tests performed by another entity (such as a guarantor), the steps, if any, that the firm took to verify the existence and reliability of such tests, bear directly on whether the firm acted reasonably in the circumstances. (b) Applicability. (1) When tested for flammability, a small number of textile products exhibit variability in the test results; that is, even though they may exhibit Class 1 or Class 2 burning characteristics in one test, a third test may result in a Class 3 failure. Violative products that the Commission has discovered between 1994 and 1998 include sheer 100% rayon skirts and scarves; sheer 100% silk scarves; 100% rayon chenille sweaters; rayon/nylon chenille and long hair sweaters; polyester/cotton and 100% cotton fleece/sherpa garments, and 100% cotton terry cloth robes. Between August 1994 and August 1998, there have been 21 recalls of such dangerously flammable clothing, and six retailers have paid civil penalties to settle Commission staff allegations that they knowingly sold garments that violated the general wearing apparel standard. (2) The violations and resulting recalls and civil penalties demonstrate the critical necessity for manufacturers, distributors, importers, and retailers to evaluate, prior to sale, the flammability of garments made from the materials described above, or to seek appropriate guaranties that assure that the garments comply. Because of the likelihood of variable flammability in the small group of textiles identified above, one test is insufficient to assure reasonably that these products comply with the flammability standards. Rather, a person seeking to evaluate garments made of such materials should assure that the program tests a sufficient number of samples to provide adequate assurance that such textile products comply with the general wearing apparel standard. The number of samples to be tested, and the corresponding degree of confidence that products tested will comply, are to be specified by the individual designing the test program. However, in assessing the reasonableness of a test program, the Commission staff will specifically consider the degree of confidence that the program provides. (c) Suggestions. The following are some suggestions to assist in complying with the Standard: (1) Purchase fabrics or garments that meet testing exemptions listed in Sec. 1610.1(d). (If buyers or other personnel do not have skills to determine if the fabric is exempted, hire a textile consultant or a test lab for an evaluation.) (2) For fabrics that are not exempt, conduct reasonable and representative testing before cutting and sewing, using standard operating characteristic curves for acceptance sampling to determine a sufficient number of tests. (3) Purchase fabrics or garments that have been guarantied and/or tested by the supplier using a reasonable and representative test program that uses standard operating characteristic curves for acceptance sampling to determine a sufficient number of tests. Firms should also receive and maintain a copy of the guaranty. (4) Periodically verify that your suppliers are actually conducting appropriate testing. [[Page 797]] Sec. Figure 1 to Part 1610--Sketch of Flammability Apparatus [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25MR08.000 [[Page 798]] Sec. Figure 2 to Part 1610--Flammability Apparatus Views [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25MR08.001 [[Page 799]] Sec. Figure 3 to Part 1610--Specimen Holder Supported in Specimen Rack [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25MR08.002 [[Page 800]] Sec. Figure 4 to Part 1610--An Example of a Typical Indicator Finger [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25MR08.003 [[Page 801]] Sec. Figure 5 to Part 1610--An Example of a Typical Gas Shield [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25MR08.004 [[Page 802]] Sec. Figure 6 to Part 1610--Igniter [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR20OC08.001 [73 FR 62187, Oct. 20, 2008] [[Page 803]] Sec. Figure 7 to Part 1610--Brushing Device [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25MR08.006 [[Page 804]] Sec. Figure 8 to Part 1610--Brush [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR25MR08.007 [[Page 805]] Sec. Figure 9 to Part 1610--Brushing Device Template [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR20OC08.002 [73 FR 62187, Oct. 20, 2008] [[Page 806]] PART 1611_STANDARD FOR THE FLAMMABILITY OF VINYL PLASTIC FILM-- Table of Contents Subpart A_The Standard Sec. 1611.1 Purpose and scope. 1611.2 General description of products covered. 1611.3 Flammability--general requirement. 1611.4 Flammability test. Subpart B_Rules and Regulations 1611.31 Terms defined. 1611.32 General requirements. 1611.33 Test procedures for textile fabrics and film. 1611.34 Only uncovered or exposed parts of wearing apparel to be tested. 1611.35 Testing certain classes of fabric and film. 1611.36 Application of act to particular types of products. 1611.37 Reasonable and representative tests under section 8 of the act. 1611.38 Maintenance of records by those furnishing guaranties. 1611.39 Shipments under section 11(c) of the act. Source: 40 FR 59898, Dec. 30, 1975, unless otherwise noted. Codification Note: Part 1611 is a codification of the previously unpublished flammability standard for vinyl plastic film which was derived from part of the requirements of Commercial Standard 192-53, issued by the Department of Commerce, effective on May 22, 1953. This flammability standard became mandatory through section 4(a) of the Flammable Fabrics Act, as amended in 1954, and remains in effect due to the savings clause (section 11) of Public Law 90-189. Paragraph 3.11 of the Commercial Standard, referred to in the 1954 act, has been codified as Sec. 1611.3 16 CFR part 1609 containes the text of the Flammable Fabrics Act of 1953, as amended in 1954. Subpart A_The Standard Authority: Sec. 4, Pub. L. 83-88, 67 Stat. 112, as amended, 68 Stat. 770 (15 U.S.C. 1193); sec. 11, Pub. L. 90-189, 81 Stat. 568. Sec. 1611.1 Purpose and scope. The purpose of this standard is to promulgate a minimum standard for flammability of vinyl plastic film which are subject to the requirements of the Flammable Fabrics Act. Sec. 1611.2 General description of products covered. The material covered is nonrigid, unsupported, vinyl plastic film, including transparent, translucent, and opaque material, whether plain, embossed, molded or otherwise surface treated. \a\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \a\ Refer to sections 2 and 4 of the Flammable Fabrics Act of 1953, as amended in 1954, set out at 16 CFR part 1609 for the scope of this standard. The vinyl plastic film covered by Commercial Standard 192-53, as promulgated by the Secretary of Commerce was vinyl plastic film 10 mils and less in thickness (see Sec. 1.3 of the voluntary standard). After CS 191-53 and CS 192-53 were made mandatory by section 4 of the act, the Federal Trade Commission clarified the scope of the standards in rules and regulations now found at Sec. Sec. 1611.31(i) and 1611.33(b) (formerly 16 CFR 302.1(a)(9) and 302.3(b)). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sec. 1611.3 Flammability--general requirement. The rate of burning shall not exceed 1.2 in./sec as judged by the average of five determinations lengthwise and five determinations transverse to the direction of processing, when the material is tested with the SPI flammability tester in accordance with the method described in Sec. 1611.4. Sec. 1611.4 Flammability test. (a) Apparatus and materials. The apparatus shall be constructed essentially as shown in figure 1 and shall consist of the following: (1) Specimen holder. (i) A removable, flat, specimen-holding rack, the upper and lower sections of which are separate, shall have the shape and dimensions shown in figure 2 (sketch of sample-holding rack). The specimen is supported by tight closure of the upper and lower sections around the sides of the specimen. The center section of the rack contains an open U-shaped area in which burning of the specimen takes place. At the open end of the rack the forked sides are at an angle of 45[deg] for the last inch. Thus, when the rack is slid into the cabinet on runners mounted at a 45[deg] angle, the bent portion of the specimen adjacent to the igniter flame is vertical and the remainder is at 45[deg]. (ii) The switch actuators consist of suitable springs mounted on the side of [[Page 807]] the rack, one just beyond the curved portion at the open end, and the other at the closed end of the U-shaped holder. The springs are depressed and held in position prior to ignition by means of cotton thread suitably wound across the specimen and securely attached to the rack. As flame reaches these threads, the springs are released, thus activating the microswitches of the stop clocks. (2) Igniter flame. The igniter flame shall be produced at the tip of a No. 22 hypodermic needle jet. The igniter shall be so located in the cabinet that the tip of the needle is \9/16\ in. from the surface of the specimen when the specimen rack is in place. (3) Cabinet. The cabinet shall protect the igniter flame and specimen from air currents during tests, yet contain a suitable door or window for visual operation, provision for inserting the specimen holder, and adjustable vents to supply sufficient air for combustion of the specimen. It should also be capable of rapid ventilation following a test so that all combustion products can be removed between tests. A hood may be used if its exhaust fan is turned off during the test. (4) Timing mechanism. The burning rate shall be determined by a stop clock through microswitches mounted on the specimenholder rack. The clock is started when the specimen flame burns the first thread, and is stopped when the thread at the upper end of the holder, 6 in. from the first thread, burns apart. The timing mechanism shall be capable of indicating time interval to 0.1 second. (5) Butane. Unless otherwise specified, butane gas shall be used for the igniter flame. (6) Thread. J. & P. Coats heavy-duty white cotton thread. (7) Microburner. (b) Test specimens. (1) Test specimens shall be 3 in. in width and 9 in. in length. They shall be free from folds or wrinkles. Five specimens from each direction (machine and transverse) of a given material shall be tested. (2) Conditioning. The conditioning procedure shall conform to the requirements of procedure B of ASTM D618, Tentative Methods of Conditioning Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials for Testing. (c) Procedure. (1) After preparing the specimens, the holder shall be threaded so as to depress the switch actuators (springs) at least \1/ 4\ in. from the edge of the holder. Each actuator shall be separately threaded, the thread passing down through the J-slots and under the upper jaws so that the thread is adjacent to the specimen when the holder is closed. (2) The specimen shall be inserted into the holder so that it extends down into the lock springs and is held firmly between the two wires at the open end of the burning channel. These wires insure that the end of the specimen is always the correct distance from the igniter flame. The sample shall be free from wrinkles or distortion when the holder is closed. The specimen should not extend beyond the outer edge of the lower plate, otherwise the rack may not slide freely on the slide channel on introducing it into the cabinet. (3) Prior to introducing the specimen and holder into the cabinet, both electrical switches shall be set for automatic timing. The needle valve regulating the butane flow shall be adjusted to provide a \1/2\- in. flame. (When the specimen is in place its surface is \9/16\ in. from the tip of the needle and the flame is just barely flattened against the specimen. This can be checked by using a specimen made of asbestos in place of a plastic specimen.) (4) With the hood fan off, clocks zeroed, and the flame adjusted as mentioned, the door is closed and the specimen holder is then inserted at a constant rate. The holder should be allowed to slide down the rails by gravity, taking about one-half second to travel the length of the slide. Any hesitation in bringing the specimen holder fully into burning position may cause erroneous ignition results. (5) The burning time shall be read from the stop clock and the rate of burning calculated. Results that deviate from the mean value of all tests should be rejected if the deviation of the doubtful value is more than five times the average deviation from the mean obtained by excluding the doubtful value. Such doubtful values shall be discarded and retests made. [[Page 808]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.079 [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.080 [[Page 809]] Subpart B_Rules and Regulations Authority: Sec. 5, 15 U.S.C. 1194. Note: An interpretation, with respect to Ornamental Veils or Veilings, issued by the Federal Trade Commission at 32 FR 11850, Aug. 17, 1967, provides as follows: Ornamental millinery veils or veilings when used as a part of, in conjunction with, or as a hat, are not to be considered such a ``covering for the neck, face, or shoulders'' as would, under the first proviso of section 2(d) of the Flammable Fabrics Act, cause the hat to be included within the definition of the term ``article of wearing apparel'' where such ornamental millinery veils or veilings do not extend more than nine (9) inches from the tip of the crown of the hat to which they are attached and do not extend more than two (2) inches beyond the edge of the brim of the hat. Where hats are composed entirely of ornamental millinery veils or veilings such hats will not be considered as subject to the Flammable Fabrics Act if the veils or veilings from which they are manufactured were not more than nine (9) inches in width and do not extend more than nine (9) inches from the tip of the crown of the completed hat. Sec. 1611.31 Terms defined. As used in this part, unless the context otherwise specifically requires: (a) The term act means the ``Flammable Fabrics Act'' (approved June 30, 1953, Pub. Law 88, 83d Congress, 1st sess., 15 U.S.C. 1191; 67 Stat. 111), as amended, 68 Stat. 770, August 23, 1954. (b) The terms rule, rules, regulations, and rules and regulations, mean the rules and regulations prescribed by the Commission pursuant to section 5(c) of the act. (c) The term United States means the several States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico and the Territories and Possessions of the United States. (d) The terms marketing or handling means the transactions referred to in section 3 of the Flammable Fabrics Act, as amended in 1967. (e) The terms uncovered or exposed part of an article of wearing apparel as used in section 4(a) of the act, means that part of such article of apparel which might during normal wear be open to flame or other means of ignition. Note: The outer surface of an undergarment is considered to be an uncovered or exposed part of an article of wearing apparel, and thus subject to the act. (f) The term textile fabric means any coated or uncoated material subject to the act, except film and fabrics having a nitro-cellulose fiber, finish, or coating, which is woven, knitted, felted or otherwise produced from any natural or man-made fiber, or substitute therefore, or combination thereof, of two inches or more in width, and which is in a form or condition ready for use in wearing apparel. (g) The term plain surface textile fabric means any textile fabric which does not have an intentionally raised fiber or yarn surface such as a pile, nap, or tuft, but shall include those fabrics having fancy woven, knitted or flock printed surfaces. (h) The term raised surface textile fabric means any textile fabric which has an intentionally raised fiber or yarn surface such as a pile, nap, or tufting. (i) The term film means any nonrigid, unsupported plastic, rubber or other synthetic or natural film or sheeting, subject to the act, or any combination thereof, including transparent, translucent, and opaque material, whether plain, embossed, molded, or otherwise surface treated, which is in a form or condition ready for use in wearing apparel, and shall include film or sheeting exceeding 10 mils in thickness. (j) The term test means the application of the relevant test method prescribed in the procedures provided under section 4(a) of the act. (k) The term initial test means tests made under the procedures prescribed in section 4(a) of the act of specimens taken from two separate pieces of a textile fabric, or textile fabric with a nitro- cellulose fiber, finish or coating, having the same weight, construction and finish type, or from two separate runs of film having the same formula, finish, color, and thickness. (l) The term finish type means a particular finish, but does not include [[Page 810]] such variables as changes in color, pattern, print, or design, or minor variations in the amount or type of ingredients in the finish formulation. Examples of finish types would be starch finishes, resin finishes or parchmentized finishes. (m) The definition of terms contained in section 2 of the act shall be applicable also to such terms when used in rules promulgated under the act. Sec. 1611.32 General requirements. (a) No article of wearing apparel or fabric subject to the act and regulations shall be marketed or handled if such article or fabric, when tested according to the procedures prescribed in section 4(a) of the act, is so highly flammable to be dangerous when worn by individuals. (b)(1) In the application of the requirements of Sec. 1611.3 of the Standard to any item of film, coated fabric, or wearing apparel, compute the average burn rate from five specimens burned transverse to the direction of processing and the average burn rate from an additional five specimens burned lengthwise to the direction of processing. If either the average burn rate from the five specimens burned transverse or the average burn rate from the five specimen burned lengthwise exceeds 1.2 inches per second, the test results shall be interpreted as a failure. (2) To compute the average burn rate for each set of five specimens, at least two of the specimens must ignite and burn the stop cord for the specimen. However, if fewer than two specimens of any given set of five specimens ignite and burn the stop cord for the specimen, the test results shall be interpreted according to provisions of paragraphs (b)(2)(i) through (iii) of this section: (i) If no specimen ignites and burns the stop cord, the test results of that set of specimens shall be regarded as passing. (ii) If only one specimen of the set of five specimens ignites and burns the stop cord with passing results, the results of that set of specimens will be regarded as passing. (iii) If only one specimen of the set of five specimens ignites and burns the stop cord with failing results, test another set of five specimens from the same direction of processing. Compute the average burn rate for all ten specimens in the same direction of processing. If two or more of the 10 specimens ignite and burn the stop cord, average the results from all 10 specimens which ignited and burned the stop cord. If only one of the 10 specimens ignites and burns the stop cord, the test is inconclusive. The Commission will take no enforcement action on the basis of that test. The Commission may conduct additional testing of the article of film, coated fabric, or wearing apparel, but the results of any inconclusive test shall not be averaged with results obtained from any other test. [50 FR 7762, Feb. 26, 1985; 50 FR 11848, Mar. 26, 1985] Sec. 1611.33 Test procedures for textile fabrics and film. (a)(1) All textile fabrics (except those with a nitro-cellulose fiber, finish or coating) intended or sold for use in wearing apparel, and all such fabrics contained in articles of wearing apparel, shall be subject to the requirements of the act, and shall be deemed to be so highly flammable as to be dangerous when worn by individuals if such fabrics or any uncovered or exposed part of such articles of wearing apparel exhibits rapid and intense burning when tested under the conditions and in the manner prescribed in subpart A of this part, and identified as ``Flammability of Clothing Textiles, Commercial Standard 191-53''. (2) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (a)(1) of this section, coated fabrics, except those with a nitro-cellulose coating, may be tested under the procedures outlined in part 1611, the flammability standard incorporated in the Commercial Standard promulgated by the Secretary of Commerce effective May 22, 1953, and identified as ``General Purpose Vinyl Plastic Film, Commercial Standard 192-53'', and if such coated fabrics do not exhibit a rate of burning in excess of that specified in Sec. 1611.3 they shall not be deemed to be so highly flammable as to be dangerous when worn by individuals. (b) All film, and textile fabrics with a nitro-cellulose fiber, finish or coating [[Page 811]] intended or sold for use in wearing apparel, and all film and such textile fabrics referred to in this rule which are contained in articles of wearing apparel, shall be subject to the requirements of the act, and shall be deemed to be so highly flammable as to be dangerous when worn by individuals if such film or such textile fabrics or any uncovered or exposed part of such articles of wearing apparel exhibit a rate of burning in excess of that specified in part 1611, the flammability standard incorporated in the Commercial Standard promulgated by the Secretary of Commerce effective May 22, 1953, and identified as ``General Purpose Vinyl Plastic Film, Commercial Standard 192-53.'' Sec. 1611.34 Only uncovered or exposed parts of wearing apparel to be tested. In determining whether an article of wearing apparel is so highly flammable as to be dangerous when worn by individuals, only the uncovered or exposed part of such article of wearing apparel shall be tested according to the applicable procedures set forth in section 4(a) of the act. Note: If the outer layer of plastic film or plastic-coated fabric of a multilayer fabric separates readily from the other layers, the outer layer shall be tested under part 1611--Standard for the Flammability of Vinyl Plastic Film. If the outer layer adheres to all or a portion of one or more layers of the underlying fabric, the multilayered fabric may be tested under either part 1611 or Part 1610--Standard for the Flammability of Clothing Textiles. However, if the conditioning procedures required by Sec. 1610.4(f) of the Standard for the Flammability of Cloth Textiles would damage or alter the physical characteristics of the film or coating, the uncovered or exposed layer shall be tested in accordance with part 1611. Plastic film or plastic-coated fabric used, or intended for use, as the outer layer of disposable diapers is exempt from the requirements of the standard, provided that a sample taken from a full thickness of the assembled article passes the test in the standard (part 1610 or part 1611) otherwise applicable to the outer fabric or film when the flame is applied to the exposed or uncovered surface. See Sec. Sec. 1610.36(f) and 1611.36(f). [50 FR 7762, Feb. 26, 1985] Sec. 1611.35 Testing certain classes of fabric and film. (a) Fabric not customarily washed or dry cleaned. (1) Except as provided in paragraph (a)(2) of this section, any textile fabric or article of wearing apparel, which, in its normal and customary use as wearing apparel would not be dry cleaned or washed, need not be dry cleaned or washed as prescribed in Sec. Sec. 1610.4 (d) and (e) when tested under the Standard for the Flammability of Clothing Textiles if such fabric or article of wearing apparel, when marketed or handled, is marked in a clear and legible manner with the statement: ``Fabric may be dangerously flammable if dry cleaned or washed.'' An example of the type of fabric referred to in this paragraph is bridal illusion. (2) Section 1610.4(a)(4) of the Standard for the Flammability of Clothing Textiles, which requires that certain samples shall be dry cleaned or washed before testing, shall not apply to disposable fabrics and garments. Additionally, such disposable fabrics and garments shall not be subject to the labeling requirements set forth in paragraph (a)(1) of this section. (b) A coated fabric need not, upon test under the procedures outlined in subpart A of part 1610, be dry cleaned as set forth in Sec. 1610.4(d). (c) In determining whether a textile fabric having a raised-fiber surface, which surface is to be used in the covered or unexposed parts of articles of wearing apparel, is so highly flammable as to be dangerous when worn by individuals, only the opposite surface or surface intended to be exposed need be tested under the applicable procedures set forth in section 4(a) of the act, providing an invoice or other paper covering the marketing or handling of such fabric is given which clearly designates that the raised-fiber surface is to be used only in the covered or unexposed parts of articles of wearing apparel. (d)(1) Items which are subject to the Standard for the Flammability of Vinyl Plastic Film from which a test specimen 3 inches by 9 inches cannot be taken lengthwise to the direction of processing shall not be tested in the lengthwise direction. [[Page 812]] (2) Items which are subject to the Standard for the Flammability of Vinyl Plastic Film from which a test specimen 3 inches by 9 inches cannot be taken transverse to the direction of processing shall not be tested in the transverse direction. [40 FR 59898, Dec. 30, 1975, as amended at 50 FR 51671, Dec. 19, 1985] Sec. 1611.36 Application of act to particular types of products. (a) Fabrics intended or sold for processing into interlinings or other covered or unexposed parts of articles of wearing apparel shall not be subject to the provisions of section 3 of the act: Provided, That an invoice or other paper covering the marketing or handling of such fabrics is given which specifically designates their intended end use: And provided further, That with respect to fabrics which under the provisions of section 4 of the act, as amended, are so highly flammable as to be dangerous when worn by individuals, any person marketing or handling such fabrics maintains records which show the acquisition, disposition and intended end use of such fabrics, and any person manufacturing articles of wearing apparel containing such fabrics maintains records which show the acquisition, and use and disposition of such fabrics. Any person who fails to maintain such records or to furnish such invoice or other paper shall be deemed to have engaged in the marketing or handling of such products for purposes subject to the requirements of the act and such person and the products shall be subject to the provisions of sections 3, 6, 7, and 9 of the act. (b) Fabrics intended or sold for use in those hats, gloves, and footwear which are excluded under the definition of articles of wearing apparel in section 2(d) of the act shall not be subject to the provisions of section 3 of the act: Provided, That an invoice or other paper covering the marketing or handling of such fabrics is given which specifically designates their intended use in such products: And provided further, That with respect to fabrics which under the provisions of section 4 of the act, as amended, are so highly flammable as to be dangerous when worn by individuals, any person marketing or handling such fabrics maintains records which show the acquisition, disposition, and intended end use of such fabrics, and any person manufacturing hats, gloves, or footwear containing such fabrics maintains records which show the acquisition, end use and disposition of such fabrics. Any person who fails to maintain such records or to furnish such invoice or other paper shall be deemed to have engaged in the marketing or handling of such products for purposes subject to the requirements of the act and such person and the products shall be subject to the provisions of sections 3, 6, 7, and 9 of the act. (c) Except as provided in paragraph (d) of this section, handkerchiefs not exceeding a finished size of twenty-four (24) inches on any side or not exceeding five hundred seventy-six (576) square inches in area are not deemed ``articles of wearing apparel'' as that term is used in the act. (d) Handkerchiefs or other articles affixed to, incorporated in, or sold as a part of articles of wearing apparel as decoration, trimming, or for any other purpose, are considered an integral part of such articles of wearing apparel, and the articles of wearing apparel and all parts thereof are subject to the provisions of the act. Handkerchiefs or other articles intended or sold to be affixed to, incorporated in or sold as a part of articles of wearing apparel as aforesaid constitute ``fabric'' as that term is defined in section 2(e) of the act and are subject to the provisions of the act which such handkerchiefs or other articles constitute textile fabrics as the term ``textile fabric'' is defined in Sec. 1611.31(f). (e) Where an article of wearing apparel has a raised-fiber surface which is intended for use as a covered or unexposed part of the article of wearing apparel but the article of wearing apparel is, because of its design and construction, capable of being worn with the raised-fiber surface exposed, such raised-fiber surface shall be considered to be an uncovered or exposed part of the article of wearing apparel. Examples of the type of products referred to in this paragraph are athletic shirts or so-called ``sweat shirts'' with a raised fiber inner side. [[Page 813]] (f) Multilayer fabric and wearing apparel with a film or coating on the uncovered or exposed surface. Plastic film or plastic-coated fabric used, or intended for use, as the outer layer of disposable diapers is exempt from the requirements of the standard, provided that a full thickness of the assembled article passes the test in the standard otherwise applicable to the outer fabric or film when the flame is applied to the exposed or uncovered surface. (15 U.S.C. 1193, 1194; 15 U.S.C. 2079(b)) Note: An interpretation to Sec. 302.6(c) issued by the Federal Trade Commission, 30 FR 16106, Dec. 28, 1965, provides as follows: ``Sec. 1611.36(c) does not exclude products from the act on the sole basis of the size, description or designation of such product. ``If, because of construction, design, color, type of fabric, or any other factor, a piece of cloth of a finished type or any other product of a finished type appears to be likely to be used as a covering for the head, neck, face, shoulders, or any part thereof, or otherwise appears likely to be used as an article of clothing, garment, or costume, such product is not a handkerchief and constitutes an article of wearing apparel as defined in and subject to the provisions of the Flammable Fabrics Act, irrespective of its size, or its description or designation as a handkerchief or any other term.'' (Secs. 4, 5, 67 Stat. 112, 113, as amended, 68 Stat. 770, 81 Stat. 571, 90 Stat. 515 (15 U.S.C. 1193, 1194); sec. 30(b), 86 Stat. 1207 (15 U.S.C. 2079(b)) [40 FR 59898, Dec. 30, 1975, as amended at 50 FR 7763, Feb. 26, 1985] Sec. 1611.37 Reasonable and representative tests under section 8 of the Act. Explanation: Section 8 of the Act, among other things, provides that no person shall be subject to prosecution under section 7 of the Act for a violation of section 3 of the Act if such person establishes a guaranty received in good faith signed by and containing the name and address of the person by whom the wearing apparel or fabric guaranteed was manufactured or from whom it was received, to the effect that reasonable and representative tests made under the procedures provided in section 4(a) of the Act show that the fabric covered by the guaranty, or used, or contained in the wearing apparel, is not, under the provisions of section 4(a) of the Act, so highly flammable as to be dangerous when worn by individuals. While one establishing a guaranty received in good faith would not be subject to criminal prosecution under section 7 of the Act, he, or the merchandise involved, would nevertheless, remain subject to the administrative processes of the Consumer Product Safety Commission under section 5 of the Act, as well as the injunction and condemnation procedures under section 6 of the Act. The furnishing of guaranties is not mandatory under the Act. The purpose of this rule is to establish minimum requirements for the reasonable and representative tests on which guaranties may be based. (a) The following shall constitute reasonable and representative tests, as that term is used in section 8 of the Act, for those textile fabrics which by reason of their composition, construction, finish type or weight may be tested upon a class basis. The word ``class'' as used in this section means a category of textile fabrics having certain general constructional or finished characteristics, sometimes in association with a particular fiber, and covered by a class or type description generally recognized by the trade. In certain instances the use of class tests is restricted by this section to a particular textile fabric of the same fiber composition, construction and finish type. The results of such class tests may be used by any person as a basis for furnishing guaranties under section 8 of the Act on all textile fabrics of the same class. (1) Plain surface textile fabrics weighing two ounces or more per square yard. (i) One test of any plain surface textile fabric weighing two ounces or more per square yard, exclusive of metallic ornamentation, or one test of any fabric in a particular class of such fabrics, shall suffice for any such fabric or class of fabrics. (2) Plain surface textile fabrics weighing less than two ounces per square yard. (i) When, on the initial test of any plain surface textile fabric weighing less than two ounces per square yard, such fabric exhibits a burning time of 3.5 seconds or more, such test may suffice for any fabric of the same fiber composition, construction and finish type. This class of fabric shall be tested at least once at intervals of not more than three months thereafter while in production. If, after four consecutive interval production tests have been made, none of such test results show the flame spread to have been less than 4.5 seconds, no further tests of such class of fabric need be made. [[Page 814]] (ii) When, on the initial test of any plain surface textile fabric weighing less than two ounces per square yard, none of the specimens ignite, such initial test may suffice for any fabric of the same fiber composition, construction and finish type. (iii) When, on the initial test of any plain surface textile fabric weighing less than two ounces per square yard, such fabric ignites but the flame is extinguished before the stop cord is burned, such test may suffice for any fabric of the same fiber composition, construction and finish type. This class of fabric shall be tested at least once at intervals of not more than one year thereafter while in production. (3) Certain raised fiber surface textile fabrics. (i) When a test of any raised fiber surface textile fabric which has a dense cut pile of uniform short length or looped yarns, does not exhibit a surface flash and does not ignite, such test shall suffice for any such fabric having a dense cut pile of the same length or the same looped yarns and of the same fiber composition, construction and finish type. Examples of the types of fabrics referred to are velvet, velveteens, velours, and corduroys. (ii) One test of any raised fiber surface textile fabric, the raised fiber surface of which consists of not less than ninety percentum (90%) protein fiber, or one test of any fabric in a particular class of such fabrics, shall suffice for any such fabric or class of fabrics. (iii) When, on the initial test of any raised surface textile fabric which has a surface composed of looped yarns, such fabric exhibits a burning time in excess of 12 seconds, such test may suffice for any such fabric having the same looped yarns and of the same fiber composition, construction and finish type. An example of the type of fabric referred to is ``terry cloth''. (b) Raised fiber surface textile fabrics: When, on the initial test of a raised fiber surface textile fabric, such fabric: (1)(i) Falls within Class 2 as provided in Sec. 1610.3(a)(2)(i), the fabric shall be tested at least once at intervals of not more than one month while in production, or if the production exceeds 50,000 yards per month, the fabric shall be tested thereafter every 50,000 yards or fraction thereof. (ii) If, after two such intervals, production tests have been made, the test results do not show the flame spread to have been less than 4 seconds, with the base fabric ignited or fused, the fabric shall be tested at least once at intervals of not more than three months while in production, or if the production exceeds 100,000 yards per three months, the fabric shall be tested thereafter every 100,000 yards or fraction thereof. (2) Has a flame spread in excess of 7 seconds with the base fabric ignited or fused, the fabric shall be tested at least once at intervals of not more than six months thereafter while in production. (3) Has a surface flash, but the base fabric does not ignite nor fuse, the fabric shall be tested at least once at intervals of not more than six months thereafter while in production. (4) Does not have a surface flash and does not ignite, the initial test shall suffice. (c) When, on initial test a film or a textile fabric with a nitro- cellulose fiber, finish or coating, does not exhibit a burning rate in excess of 1.2 inches per second, one test each year thereafter while in production shall be deemed reasonable and representative tests for such film or textile fabric. (d) Reasonable and representative tests of fabrics and fabrics contained in articles of wearing apparel, subject to the act, produced prior to the effective date of the act, and which have not been tested under the applicable requirements of paragraphs (a), (b), or (c) of this section, shall be an initial test for each class of such fabrics, and such tests shall be applicable to all fabrics having the same fiber composition, construction and finish type. (e) In the case of articles of wearing apparel which are not made from fabrics but directly from yarns, the fabrics contained in such articles of wearing apparel shall be tested by the testing requirements provided in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. (f) Where fabrics or fabrics contained in articles of wearing apparel have not been tested when in production by the applicable testing requirements provided in paragraphs (a), (b) or (c) of [[Page 815]] this section, one test of each such fabrics shall be made every 10,000 yards or fraction thereof, or of the fabric contained in one of every 5,000 of such articles of wearing apparel or fraction thereof, and these shall be deemed reasonable and representative tests of such fabrics. (g) In the case of textile fabrics or textile fabrics contained in articles of wearing apparel having an appliqued, overstitched, or embroidered type of design of a loop, pile, nap, or tufted construction, tests shall be conducted according to paragraph (b) of this section on each type of applique, overstitch, or embroidery. (h) If tests of any textile fabric made subsequent to the initial test show a burning time of another category, then such fabric shall be tested thereafter under the testing requirements of such changed time. (i) The application of this section, insofar as it relates to the testing of plain surface textile fabrics or such fabrics contained in articles of wearing apparel weighing two ounces or more per square yard, shall be limited to fabrics made of fibers in use or capable of being used as of May 31, 1954. Such fabrics weighing two ounces or more per square yard made in whole or in part of fibers developed and used subsequent to May 31, 1954, shall be tested in accordance with the testing requirements set out in paragraph (a)(2) of this section. Sec. 1611.38 Maintenance of records by those furnishing guaranties. (a) In order to properly administer and enforce section 8 of the act relating to guaranties, it is required that any person furnishing either a separate or continuing guaranty who has made the tests prescribed by the act and regulations shall keep and maintain records of such tests. The records to be maintained shall show: (1) The style or range number, fiber composition, construction and finish type of each textile fabric and each textile fabric (including those with a nitro-cellulose fiber, finish or coating) used or contained in an article of wearing apparel covered by the guaranty, including a swatch of the fabric tested. (2) The stock or formula number, color, thickness and general description of each film or film used in an article of wearing apparel covered by the guaranty, including a sample of the film tested. (3) The results of the actual tests made on the textile fabric and film or the fabric and film used or contained in an article of wearing apparel. (b) Persons furnishing guaranties based upon class tests shall maintain records showing: (1) Identification of the class test. (2) Fiber composition, construction and finish type of the fabrics, or the fabrics used or contained in articles of wearing apparel so guaranteed. (3) A swatch of each class of fabrics guaranteed. (c) Persons furnishing guaranties based upon guaranties received by them shall maintain records showing: (1) The guaranty received and identification of the fabrics or fabrics contained in articles of wearing apparel guaranteed in turn by them. (2) [Reserved] (d) The records referred to in this section shall be preserved for a period of three years from the date the tests were performed, or in the case of paragraph (c) of this section the guaranties were furnished. (e) Any person furnishing a guaranty under section 8(a) of the act who neglects or refuses to maintain and preserve the records prescribed in this section shall be deemed to have furnished a false guaranty under the provisions of section 8(b) of the act. Sec. 1611.39 Shipments under section 11(c) of the act. (a) The invoice or other paper relating to the shipment or delivery for shipment in commerce of articles of wearing apparel or textile fabrics for the purpose of finishing or processing to render them not so highly flammable as to be dangerous when worn by individuals, shall contain a statement disclosing such purpose. (b) An article of wearing apparel or textile fabric shall not be deemed to fall within the provisions of section 11(c) of the act as being shipped or delivered for shipment in commerce for the purpose of finishing or processing to render such article of wearing apparel or textile fabric not so highly [[Page 816]] flammable under section 4 of the act, as to be dangerous when worn by individuals, unless the shipment or delivery for shipment in commerce of such article of wearing apparel or textile fabric is made direct to person engaged in the business of processing or finishing textile products for the prearranged purpose of having such article of apparel or textile fabric processed or finished to render it not so highly flammable under section 4 of the act, as to be dangerous when worn by individuals, and any person shipping or delivering for shipment the article of wearing apparel or fabric in commerce for such purpose maintains records which establish (1) that the textile fabric or article of wearing apparel has been shipped for appropriate flammability treatment, and (2) that such treatment has been completed, as well as records to show the disposition of such textile fabric or article of wearing apparel subsequent to the completion of such treatment. (c) The importation of textile fabrics or articles of wearing apparel may be considered as incidental to a transaction involving shipment or delivery for shipment for the purpose of rendering such textile fabrics or articles of wearing apparel not so highly flammable under the provisions of section 4 of the act, as to be dangerous when worn by individuals, if: (1) The importer maintains records which establish (i) that the imported textile fabrics or articles of wearing apparel have been shipped for appropriate flammability treatment, and (ii) that such treatment has been completed, as well as records to show the disposition of such textile fabrics or articles of wearing apparel subsequent to the completion of such treatment. (2) The importer, at the time of importation, execute and furnishes to the Bureau of Customs an affidavit stating These fabrics (or articles of wearing apparel) are dangerously flammable under the provisions of section 4 of the Flammable Fabrics Act, and will not be sold or used in their present condition but will be processed or finished by the undersigned or by a duly authorized agent so as to render them not so highly flammable under the provisions of section 4 of the Flammable Fabrics Act, as to be dangerously flammable when worn by individuals. The importer agrees to maintain the records required by 16 CFR 1610.39(c)(1). (3) The importer, if requested to do so by the Bureau of Customs, furnishes an adequate specific-performance bond conditioned upon the complete discharge of the obligations assumed in paragraphs (c) (1) and (2) of this section. Note: The purpose of section 11(c) is only to permit articles of wearing apparel or textile fabrics which are dangerously flammable to be shipped or delivered for shipment in commerce for the purpose of treatment or processing to render them not dangerously flammable. Section 11(c) does not in any other respect limit the force and effect of sections 3, 6, 7, and 9 of the act. In particular, section 11(c) does not authorize the sale or offering for sale of any article of wearing apparel or textile fabric which is in fact dangerously flammable at the time of sale or offering for sale, even though the seller intends to ship the article for treatment prior to delivery to the purchaser or has already done so. Moreover, under section 3 of the act a person is liable for a subsequent sale or offering for sale if, despite the purported completion of treatment to render it not dangerously flammable, the article in fact remains dangerously flammable. PART 1615_STANDARD FOR THE FLAMMABILITY OF CHILDREN'S SLEEPWEAR: SIZES 0 THROUGH 6X (FF 3 71)--Table of Contents Subpart A_The Standard Sec. 1615.1 Definitions. 1615.2 Scope and application. 1615.3 General requirements. 1615.4 Test procedure. 1615.5 Labeling requirements. Subpart B_Rules and Regulations 1615.31 Labeling, recordkeeping, advertising, retail display and guaranties. 1615.32 Method for establishment and use of alternate laundering procedures under section 4(g)(4)(ii) of the standard. 1615.35 Use of alternate apparatus, procedures, or criteria for testing under the standard. 1615.36 Use of alternate apparatus or procedures for tests for guaranty purposes. Subpart C_Interpretations and Policies 1615.61 [Reserved] [[Page 817]] 1615.62 Policy and interpretation relative to items in inventory or as to recordkeeping requirements. 1615.63 Policy regarding garment production unit identification. 1615.64 Policy to clarify scope of the standard. Source: 40 FR 59903, Dec. 30, 1975, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_The Standard Authority: Sec. 429, Pub. L. 105-276; Sec. 4, 67 Stat. 112, as amended, 81 Stat. 569-570; 15 U.S.C. 1193. Sec. 1615.1 Definitions. In addition to the definitions given in section 2 of the Flammable Fabrics Act, as amended (15 U.S.C. 1191), the following definitions apply for purposes of this Standard: (a) Children's Sleepwear means any product of wearing apparel up to and including size 6X, such as nightgowns, pajamas, or similar or related items, such as robes, intended to be worn primarily for sleeping or activities related to sleeping, except: (1) Diapers and underwear; (2) ``Infant garments,'' as defined by section 1615.1(c), below; and (3) ``Tight-fitting garments,'' as defined by section 1615.1(o), below. (b) Size 6X means the size defined as 6X in Department of Commerce Voluntary Product Standard, previously identified as Commercial Standard, CS 151-50 ``Body Measurements for the Sizing of Apparel for Infants, Babies, Toddlers, and Children.'' \1\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ Copies available from the National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Street, Springfield, VA 22151, and should be ordered as CS 15150. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (c) Infant garment means a garment which: (1) Is sized nine months or smaller; (2) If a one-piece garment, does not exceed 64.8 centimeters (25.75 inches) in length; if a two-piece garment, has no piece exceeding 40 centimeters (15.75 inches) in length; (3) Complies with all applicable requirements of the Standard for the Flammability of Clothing Textiles (16 CFR part 1610) and the Standard for the Flammability of Vinyl Plastic Film (16 CFR part 1611); and (4) Bears a label stating the size of the garment, expressed in terms of months of age. For example, ``0 to 3 mos.'' or ``9 mos.'' If the label is not visible to the consumer when the garment is offered for sale at retail, the same information must appear legibly on the package of the garment. (d) Item means any product of children's sleepwear, or any fabric or related material intended or promoted for use in children's sleepwear. (e) Trim means decorative materials, such as ribbons, laces, embroidery, or ornaments. This definition does not include (1) individual pieces less than 2 inches in their longest dimension, provided that such pieces do not constitute or cover in aggregate a total of more than 20 square inches of the item, or (2) functional materials (findings), such as zippers, buttons, or elastic bands, used in the construction of garments. (f) Test Criteria means the maximum char length which a sample or specimen may exhibit in order to pass an individual test. (g) Char Length means the distance from the original lower edge of the specimen exposed to the flame in accordance with the procedure specified in Sec. 1615.4 Test procedure to the end of the tear or void in the charred, burned, or damaged area, the tear being made in accordance with the procedure specified in Sec. 1615.4(g)(2). (h) [Reserved] (i) Afterglow means the continuation of glowing of parts of a specimen after flaming has ceased. (j) Fabric Piece (Piece) means a continuous, unseamed length of fabric, one or more of which make up a unit. (k) Fabric Production Unit (Unit) means any quantity of finished fabric up to 5,000 linear yards for normal sampling or 10,000 linear yards for reduced sampling which has a specific identity that remains unchanged throughout the Unit except for color or print pattern as specified in Sec. 1615.4(b). For purposes of this definition, finished fabric means fabric in its final form after completing its last processing steps as a fabric except for slitting. (l) Garment Production Unit (Unit) means any quantity of finished garments up to 500 dozen which have a [[Page 818]] specific identity that remains unchanged throughout the Unit except for size, trim, findings, color, and print patterns as specified in Sec. 1615.4(b). (m) Sample means five test specimens. (n) Specimen means an 8.9 x 25.4 cm. (3.5 x 10 in.) section of fabric. For garment testing the specimen will include a seam or trim. (o) Tight-fitting garment means a garment which: (1)(i) In each of the sizes listed below does not exceed the maximum dimension specified below for the chest, waist, seat, upper arm, thigh, wrist, or ankle: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Chest Waist Seat Upper arm Thigh Wrist Ankle ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Size 9-12 mos ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Maximum dimension: Centimeters.................... 48.3 48.3 48.3 14.3 26.7 10.5 13 (inches)....................... (19) (19) (19) (5\5/8\) (10\1/2\) (4\1/8\) (5\1/8\) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Size 12-18 mos ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Maximum dimension: Centimeters.................... 49.5 49.5 50.8 14.9 28.3 10.5 13.1 (inches)....................... (19\1/2\) (19\1/2\) (20) (5\7/8\) (11\1/8\) (4\1/8\) (5\1/8\) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Size 18-24 mos ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Maximum dimension: Centimeters.................... 52.1 50.8 53.3 15.6 29.5 11 13.6 (inches)....................... (20\1/2\) (20) (21) (6\1/8\) (11\5/8\) (4\1/4\) (5\3/8\) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Size 2 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Maximum dimension: Centimeters.................... 52.1 50.8 53.3 15.6 29.8 11.4 14 (inches)....................... (20\1/2\) (20) (21) (6\1/8\) (11\3/4\) (4\1/2\) (5\1/2\) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Size 3 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Maximum dimension: Centimeters.................... 53.3 52.1 56 16.2 31.4 11.7 14.9 (inches)....................... (21) (20\1/2\) (22) (6\3/8\) (12\3/8\) (4\5/8\) (5\7/8\) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Size 4 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Maximum dimension: Centimeters.................... 56 53.3 58.4 16.8 33.0 12.1 15.9 (inches)....................... (22) (21) (23) (6\5/8\) (13) (4\3/4\) (6\1/4\) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Size 5 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Maximum dimension: Centimeters.................... 58.4 54.6 61.0 17.5 34.6 12.4 16.8 (inches)....................... (23) (21\1/2\) (24) (6\7/8\) (13\5/8\) (4\7/8\) (6\5/8\) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Size 6 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Maximum dimension: Centimeters.................... 61.0 55.9 63.5 18.1 36.2 12.7 17.8 (inches)....................... (24) (22) (25) (7\1/8\) (14\1/4\) (5) (7) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Size 6X ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Maximum dimension: Centimeters.................... 62.9 57.2 65.4 18.7 37.8 13.0 18.7 (inches)....................... (24\3/4\) (22\1/2\) (25\3/4\) (7\3/8\) (14\7/8\) (5\1/8\) (7\3/8\) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (ii) Note: Measure the dimensions on the front of the garment. Lay garment, right side out, on a flat, horizontal surface. Smooth out wrinkles. Measure [[Page 819]] distances as specified below and multiply them by two. Measurements should be equal to or less than the maximum dimensions given in the standards. (A) Chest--measure distance from arm pit to arm pit (A to B) as in Diagram 1. (B) Waist--See Diagram 1. One-piece garment, measure at the narrowest location between arm pits and crotch (C to D). Two-piece garment, measure width at both the bottom/ sweep of the upper piece (C to D) and, as in Diagram 3, the top of the lower piece (C to D). (C) Wrist--measure the width of the end of the sleeve (E to F), if intended to extend to the wrist, as in Diagram 1. (D) Upper arm--draw a straight line from waist/sweep D through arm pit B to G. Measure down the sleeve fold from G to H. Refer to table below for G to H distances for each size. Measure the upper arm of the garment (perpendicular to the fold) from H to I as shown in Diagram 1. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR19JA99.015 Distance From Shoulder (G) to (H) for Upper Arm Measurement for Sizes 9 Months through 6x ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9-12 mo 12-18 mo 18-24 mo 2 3 4 5 6 6x ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5.8 cm 2\1/ 6.6 cm 2\5/ 7.4 cm 2\7/ 7.4 cm 2\7/ 8.1 cm 3\1/ 8.8 cm 3\1/ 9.5 cm 3\3/ 10.3cm 11 cm 4\3/ 8\8\ x 6\1/4\. The text must be enclosed in a text box that measures 1 x 5\3/4\ and must be in 18 point Arial/Helvetica font. The hangtag must have a yellow background and black lettering. The color yellow must meet the specifications for Standard Safety Yellow (Hue 5.OY; Value/Chroma 8.0/12) as described in American National Standard ANSI Z535.1-1998, Safety Color Code, p.6, under Munsell Notation. \2\ One side of the hangtag must display only this message. The reverse side of the hangtag may display sizing information, but otherwise must be blank. The text must not be obscured by the hole provided for attaching the hangtag to the garment. The hangtag must be prominently displayed on the garment. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\ ANSI Z535.1-1998, Standard for Safety Color Code, p.6, published by National Electrical Manufacturers Association is incorporated by reference. Copies of this document are available from the National Electrical Manufacturers Association, 1300 N. 17th Street, Suite 1847, Rossylyn, Virginia 22209. This document is also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741- 6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/ code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. The incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR08SE99.000 (ii) Packages. If the garments are sold in packages, the package must have a label as shown following this paragraph with the same language that would appear on the hangtag. The label must have a text box that measures \3/4\ x 3\3/4\. The text must be 11 point Arial/Helvetica in black lettering against a yellow background. The packages must be prominently, conspicuously, and legibly labeled with the required message. The package label may be adhesive. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR08SE99.001 [[Page 822]] (11) Bears a label as shown following this paragraph stating ``Wear Snug-fitting, Not Flame Resistant.'' The text must be printed on the front of the sizing label located on the center back of the garment and must be immediately below the size designation. The text must be a minimum of 5 point sans serif font in all capital letters and must be set apart from other label text by a line border. The text must contrast with the background color of the label. The label must not be covered by any other label or tag. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR08SE99.002 [40 FR 59903, Dec. 30, 1975, as amended at 43 FR 4853, Feb. 6, 1978; 50 FR 53307, Dec. 31, 1985; 61 FR 47644, Sept. 9, 1996; 64 FR 2838, Jan. 19, 1999; 64 FR 34533, 34535, June 28, 1999; 65 FR 1435, Jan. 10, 2000; 72 FR 13689, Mar. 23, 2007] Sec. 1615.2 Scope and application. (a) This Standard provides a test method to determine the flammability of items as defined in Sec. 1615.1(d). (b) All items as defined in Sec. 1615.1(d) are subject to requirements of this standard. (c) The flammability standards for clothing textiles and vinyl plastic film, parts 1610 and 1611 of this chapter, are superseded by this part insofar as they apply to items defined in Sec. 1615.1(d). [40 FR 59903, Dec. 30, 1975, as amended at 64 FR 34533, June 28, 1999] Sec. 1615.3 General requirements. (a) Summary of test method. Five conditioned specimens, 8.9 x 25.4 cm. (3.5 x 10 in.), are suspended one at a time vertically in holders in a prescribed cabinet and subjected to a standard flame along their bottom edge for a specified time under controlled conditions. The char length is measured. (b) Test criteria. The test criteria when the testing is done in accordance with Sec. 1615.4 Test procedure are: (1) Average char length. The average char length of five specimens shall not exceed 17.8 cm. (7.0 in.). (2) Full specimen burn. No individual specimen shall have a char length of 25.4 cm. (10 in.). [40 FR 59903, Dec. 30, 1975, as amended at 43 FR 4853, Feb. 6, 1978] Sec. 1615.4 Test procedure. (a) Apparatus--(1) Test chamber. The test chamber shall be a steel cabinet with inside dimensions of 32.9 cm. (12\15/16\ in.) wide, 32.9 cm. (12\15/16\ in.) deep, and 76.2 cm. (30 in.) high. It shall have a frame which permits the suspension of the specimen holder over the center of the base of the cabinet at such a height that the bottom of the specimen holder is 1.7 cm. (\3/4\ in.) above the highest point of the barrel of the gas burner specified in paragraph (c) of this section and perpendicular to the front of the cabinet. The front of the cabinet shall be a close fitting door with a glass insert to permit observation of the entire test. The cabinet floor may be covered with a piece of asbestos paper, whose length and width are approximately 2.5 cm. (1 in.) less than the cabinet floor dimensions. The cabinet to be used in this test method is illustrated in Figure 1 and detailed in Engineering Drawings, Nos. 1 to 7. (2) Specimen holder. The specimen holder is designed to permit suspension of the specimen in a fixed vertical position and to prevent curling of the specimen when the flame is applied. It shall consist of two U-shaped 0.20 cm. (14 ga. USS) thick steel plates, 42.2 cm. (16\5/8\ in.) long, and 8.9 cm. (3.5 in.) wide, with [[Page 823]] aligning pins. The openings in the plates shall be 35.6 cm. (14 in.) long and 5.1 cm. (2 in.) wide. The specimen shall be fixed between the plates, which shall be held together with side clamps. The holder to be used in this test method is illustrated in Figure 2 and detailed in Engineering Drawing No. 7. (3) Burner. The burner shall be substantially the same as that illustrated in Figure 1 and detailed in Engineering Drawing No. 6. It shall have a tube of 1.1 cm. (0.43 in.) inside diameter. The input line to the burner shall be equipped with a needle valve. It shall have a variable orifice to adjust the height of the flame. The barrel of the burner shall be at an angle of 25[deg] from the vertical. The burner shall be equipped with an adjustable stop collar so that it may be positioned quickly under the test specimen. The burner shall be connected to the gas source by rubber or other flexible tubing. (4) Gas supply system. There shall be a pressure regulator to furnish gas to the burner under a pressure of 12913mm. Hg (2\1/2\\1/4\ lbs. per sq. in.) at the burner inlet. (5) Gas. The gas shall be at least 97 percent pure methane. (6) Hooks and weights. Metal hooks and weights shall be used to produce a series of loads for char length determinations. Suitable metal hooks consist of No. 19 gauge steel wire, or equivalent, made from 7.6 cm. (3 in.) lengths of the wire, bent 1.3 cm. (0.5 in.) from one end to a 45[deg] angle hook. The longer end of the wire is fastened around the neck of the weight to be used and the other in the lower end of each burned specimen to one side of the burned area. The requisite loads are given in table 1. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.081 [[Page 824]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.082 [[Page 825]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.083 [[Page 826]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.084 [[Page 827]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.085 [[Page 828]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.086 [[Page 829]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.087 [[Page 830]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.088 [[Page 831]] Table 1--Original Fabric Weight \1\ ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Loads Grams per square meter Ounces per square yard ----------------- Grams Pounds ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Less than 101 Less than 3 54.4 0.12 101 to 207 3 to 6 113.4 .25 207 to 338 6 to 10 226.8 .50 Greater than 338 Greater than 10 340.2 .75 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ \1\ Weight of the original fabric, containing no seams or trim, is calculated from the weight of a specimen which has been conditioned for at least 8 h at 211.1 [deg]C (702 [deg]F) and 652 pct relative humidity. Shorter conditioning times may be used if the change in weight of a specimen in successive weighings made at intervals of not less than 2 h does not exceed 0.2 pct of the weight of the specimen. (7) Stopwatch. A stopwatch or similar timing device shall be used to measure time to 0.1 second. (8) Scale. A linear scale graduated in millimeters or 0.1 inch divisions shall be used to measure char length. (9) Circulating Air Oven. A forced circulation drying oven capable of maintaining the specimens at 1052.8 [deg]C. (2215 [deg]F.), shall be used to dry the specimen while mounted in the specimen holders. \3\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \3\ Option 1 of ASTM, D2654-67T, ``Method of Test for Amount of Moisture in Textile Materials,'' describes a satisfactory oven (1970 Book of ASTM Standards, part 24, published by the American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 19103). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (10) Desiccator. An air-tight and moisture-tight desiccating chamber shall be used for cooling mounted specimens after drying. Anhydrous silica gel shall be used as the desiccant in the desicating chamber. (11) Hood. A hood or other suitable enclosure shall be used to provide a draft-free environment surrounding the test chamber. This enclosure shall have a fan or other suitable means for exhausting smoke and/or toxic gases produced by testing. (b) Specimens and sampling--General. (1) The test criteria of Sec. 1615.3(b) shall be used in conjunction with the following fabric and garment sampling plan, or any other approved by the Consumer Product Safety Commission that provides at least the equivalent level of fire safety to the consumer. Alternate sampling plans submitted for approval shall have operating characteristics such that the probability of Unit acceptance at any percentage defective does not exceed the corresponding probability of Unit acceptance of the following sampling plan in the region of the latter's operating characteristic curves that lies between 5 and 95 percent acceptance probability. (2) Different colors or different print patterns of the same fabric may be included in a single Fabric or Garment Production Unit, provided such colors or print patterns demonstrate char lengths that are not significantly different from each other as determined by previous testing of at least three samples from each color or print pattern to be included in the Unit. (3) Garments with different trim and findings may be included in a single Garment Production Unit providing the other garment characteristics are identical except for size, color, and print pattern. (4) For fabrics whose flammability characteristics are not dependent on chemical additives or chemical reactants to fiber, yarns, or fabrics, the laundering requirement of paragraph (g)(4) of this section is met on subsequent Fabric Production Units if results of testing an initial Fabric Production Unit demonstrate acceptability according to the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section, Normal Sampling, both before and after the appropriate laundering. (5) If the fabric has been shown to meet the laundering requirement, paragraph (g)(4) of this section, the garments produced from that fabric are not required to be laundered. (6) Each Sample (five specimens) for all Fabric Sampling shall be selected so that two specimens are in one fabric direction (machine or cross-machine) and three specimens are in the other fabric direction except for the additional Sample selected after a failure, in which case, all five specimens shall be selected in the same fabric direction in which the specimen failure occurred. (7) Fabric Samples may be selected from fabric as outlined in paragraph (c) of this section entitled Fabric Sampling, or, for verification purposes, from randomly selected garments. (8) Multilayer fabrics shall be tested with a hem of approximately 2.5 cm. (1 in.) sewn at the bottom edge of the specimen with a suitable thread and [[Page 832]] stitch. The specimen shall include each of the components over its entire length. Garments manufactured from multilayer fabrics shall be tested with the edge finish at the bottom edge of the specimen which is used in the garment. (c) Specimens and Sampling--Fabric Sampling. A Fabric Production Unit (Unit) is either accepted or rejected in accordance with the following plan: (1) Normal Sampling. Select one Sample from the beginning of the first Fabric Piece (Piece) in the Unit and one Sample from the end of the last Piece in the Unit, or select a sample from each end of the Piece if the Unit is made up of only one Piece. Test the two selected Samples. If both Samples meet all the Test Criteria of Sec. 1615.3(b), accept the unit. If either or both of the Samples fail the 17.8 cm. (7.0 in.) average char length criterion, Sec. 1615.3(b)(1), reject the Unit. If two or more of the individual specimens, from the 10 selected specimens fail, the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length, .3(b)(2), reject the Unit. If only one individual specimen, from the 10 selected specimens, fails the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length, Sec. 1615.3(b)(2), select five additional specimens from the same end of the Piece in which the failure occurred, all five to be taken in the fabric direction in which the specimen failure occurred. If this additional Sample passes all the test criteria, accept the Unit. If this additional Sample fails any part of the test criteria, reject the Unit. (2) Reduced Sampling. (i) The level of sampling required for fabric acceptance may be reduced provided the preceding 15 Units of the fabric have all been accepted using the Normal Sampling plan. (ii) The Reduced Sampling plan shall be the same as for Normal Sampling except that the quantity of fabric in the Unit may be increased to 10,000 linear yards. (iii) Select and test two Samples in the same manner as in Normal Sampling. Accept or reject the Unit on the same basis as with Normal Sampling. (iv) Reduced Sampling shall be discontinued and Normal Sampling resumed if a Unit is rejected. (3) Tightened Sampling. The level of sampling required for acceptance shall be increased when a Unit is rejected under the Normal Sampling plan. The Tightened Sampling shall be the same as Normal Sampling except that one additional Sample shall be selected and cut from a middle Piece in the Unit. If the Unit is made up of less than two pieces, the Unit shall be divided into at least two Pieces. The division shall be such that the Pieces produced by the division shall not be smaller than 100 linear yards or greater than 2,500 linear yards. If the unit is made up of two Pieces, the additional Sample shall be selected from the interior end of one of the Pieces. Test the three selected Samples. If all three selected Samples meet all the test criteria of Sec. 1615.3(b), accept the unit. If one or more of the three selected Samples fail the 17.8 cm. (7.0 in.) average char length criterion, Sec. 1615.3(b)(1), reject the Unit. If two or more of the individual specimens from the 15 selected specimens fail the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length, Sec. 1615.3(b)(2), reject the unit. If only one individual specimen, of the 15 selected Specimens fails the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length, Sec. 1615.3(b)(2), select five additional specimens from the same end of the same piece in which the failure occurred, all five to be taken in the fabric direction in which the Specimen failure occurred. If this additional Sample passes all the test criteria, accept the Unit. If this additional Sample fails any part of the test criteria, reject the Unit. Tightened Sampling may be discontinued and Normal Sampling resumed after five consecutive Units have all been accepted using Tightened Sampling. If Tightened Sampling remains in effect for 15 consecutive units, production of the specific fabric in Tightened Sampling must be discontinued until that part of the process or component which is causing failure has been identified and the quality of the end product has been improved. (4) Disposition of rejected Units. (i) The Piece or Pieces which have failed and resulted in the initial rejection of the Unit may not be retested, used, or promoted for use in children's sleepwear as defined in Sec. 1615.1(a) except after reworking to improve the flammability characteristics and subsequent retesting in accordance with the procedures in Tightened Sampling. [[Page 833]] (ii) The remainder of a rejected Unit, after removing the Piece or Pieces the failure of which resulted in Unit rejection, may be accepted if the following test plan is successfully concluded at all required locations. The required locations are those adjacent to each such failed Piece. (Required locations exist on both sides of the ``Middle Piece'' tested in Tightened Sampling if failure of that Piece resulted in Unit rejection.) Failure of a Piece shall be deemed to have resulted in Unit rejection if Unit rejection occurred and a Sample or specimen from the Piece failed any test criterion of Sec. 1615.3(b). (iii) The Unit should contain at least 15 Pieces for disposition testing after removing the failing Pieces. If necessary for this purpose, the Unit shall be demarcated into at least 15 approximately equal length Pieces unless such division results in Pieces shorter than 100 linear yards. In this latter case, the Unit shall be demarcated into roughly equal length Pieces of approximately 100 linear yards each. If such a division results in five Pieces or less in the Unit for each failing Piece after removing the failing Pieces, only the individual Piece retest procedure (described subsequently) may be used. (iv) Select and cut a Sample from each end of each adjoining Piece beginning adjacent to the Piece which failed. Test the two Samples from the Piece. If both Samples meet all the test criteria of Sec. 1615.3(b), the Piece is acceptable. If one or both of the two selected Samples fail the 17.8 cm. (7.0 in.) average char length criterion, Sec. 1615.3(b)(1), the Piece is unacceptable. If two or more of the individual Specimens, from the 10 selected specimens, fail the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length Sec. 1615.3(b)(2), the Piece is unacceptable. If only one individual specimen, from the 10 selected specimens, fails the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length, Sec. 1615.3(b)(2), select five additional specimens from the same end of the Piece in which the failure occurred, all five to be taken in the fabric direction in which the specimen failure occurred. If this additional Sample passes all the test criteria, the Piece is acceptable. If this additional Sample fails any part of the test criteria, the Piece is unacceptable. (v) Continue testing adjoining Pieces until a Piece has been found acceptable. Then continue testing adjoining Pieces until three successive adjoining Pieces, not including the first acceptable Piece, have been found acceptable or until five such Pieces not including the first acceptable Piece, have been tested, whichever occurs sooner. Unless three successive adjoining Pieces have been found acceptable among five such Pieces, testing shall be stopped and the entire Unit rejected without further testing. If three successive Pieces have been found acceptable among five such Pieces, accept the three successive acceptable Pieces and the remaining Pieces in the Unit. (vi) Alternatively, individual Pieces from a rejected Unit containing three or more Pieces may be tested and accepted or rejected on a Piece-by-Piece basis according to the following plan, after removing the Piece or Pieces, the failure of which resulted in Unit rejection. Select four Samples (two from each end) from the Piece. Test the four selected Samples. If all four Samples meet all the Test Criteria of Sec. 1615.3(b), accept the Piece. If one or more of the Samples fail the 17.8 cm. (7 in.) average char length criterion, Sec. 1615.3(b)(1), reject the Piece. If two or more of the individual Specimens from the 20 selected specimens, fail the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length, Sec. 1615.3(b)(1), reject the Piece. If only one individual specimen, from the 20 selected specimens, fails the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length, Sec. 1615.3(b)(2), select two additional Samples from the same end of the Piece in which the failure occurred. If these additional two Samples meet all the Test Criteria of Sec. 1615.3(b), accept the Piece. If one or both of the two additional Samples fail any part of the Test Criteria, reject the Piece. (vii) The Pieces of a Unit rejected after retesting may not be retested, used, or promoted for use in children's sleepwear as defined in Sec. 1615.1(a) except after reworking to improve the flammability characteristics, and subsequent retesting in accordance with the procedures set forth in Tightened Sampling. [[Page 834]] (5) Records. Records of all Unit sizes, test results, and the disposition of rejected Pieces and Units must be maintained by the manufacturer upon the effective date of this Standard. Rules and regulations may be established by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (d) Specimens and Sampling--Garment Sampling. (1)(i) The garment sampling plan is made up of two parts: (A) Prototype Testing and (B) Production Testing. Prior to production, prototypes must be tested to assure that the design characteristics of the garments are acceptable. Garment Production Units (Units) are then accepted or rejected on an individual Unit basis. (ii) Edge finishes such as hems and binding are excluded from testing except that when trim is used on an edge the trim must be subjected to prototype testing. Seams attaching findings are excluded from testing. (2) Prototype Testing. Preproduction prototypes of a garment style or type shall be tested to assure that satisfactory garment specifications in terms of flammability are set up prior to production. (i) Seams. Make three Samples (15 specimens) using the longest seam type and three Samples using each other seam type 10 inches or longer that is to be included in the garment. Prior to testing, assign each specimen to one of the three Samples. Test each set of three Samples and accept or reject each seam design in accordance with the following plan: (A) If all three Samples meet all the test criteria of Sec. 1615.3(b), accept the seam design. If one or more of the three Samples fail the 17.8 cm. (7 in.) average char length criterion, Sec. 1615.3(b)(1), reject the seam design. If three or more of the individual Specimens from the 15 selected specimens fail the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length, Sec. 1615.3(b)(2), reject the seam design. If only one of the individual specimens from the 15 selected specimens fails the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length, Sec. 1615.3(b)(2), accept the seam design. (B) If two of the individual specimens from the 15 selected specimens, fail the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length, Sec. 1615.3(b)(2), select three more Samples (15 specimens) and retest. If all three additional Samples meet all the test criteria of Sec. 1615.3(b) accept the seam design. If one or more of the three additional Samples fail the 17.8 cm. (7 in.) average char length criterion, Sec. 1615.3(b)(1), reject the seam design. If two or more of the individual specimens from the 15 selected specimens, fail the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length, Sec. 1615.3(b)(2) reject the seam design. If only one of the individual specimens from the 15 selected specimens, fails the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length Sec. 1615.3(b)(2) accept the seam design. (ii) Trim. (A)(1) Make three samples (15 specimens) from each type of trim to be included in the garment. For trim used only in a horizontal configuration on the garment, specimens shall be prepared by sewing or attaching the trim horizontally to the bottom edge of an appropriate section of untrimmed fabric. Sleeve and neckline trim may not be tested in this manner. Where more than one row of trim is used on the garment, specimens shall be prepared with the same configuration (same number of rows and spacing between rows up to the limit of the specimen size) as the garment. (2) For trim used in other than a horizontal configuration, specimens shall be prepared by sewing or attaching the trim to the center of the vertical axis of an appropriate section of untrimmed fabric, beginning the sewing or attachment at the lower edge of each specimen. (3) For either configuration, the sewing or attachment shall be made in the manner in which the trim is attached in the garment. (B)(1) Sewing or otherwise attaching the trim shall be done with thread or fastening material of the same composition and size to be used for this purpose in the garment and using the same stitching or seamtype. Trim used in the horizontal configuration shall be sewn or fastened the entire width (smaller dimension) of the specimen. Trim used in other than the horizontal configuration shall be sewn or fastened the entire length (longer dimension) of the specimen. (2) Prior to testing, assign each specimen to one of the three samples. Test the sets of three samples and accept or reject the type of trim and design on [[Page 835]] the same basis as seam design. A type of trim and design accepted when tested in a vertical configuration may be used in a horizontal configuration without further testing. (3) Production Testing. A Unit is either accepted or rejected according to the following plan: (i)(A) From each Unit select at random sufficient garments and cut three Samples (15 specimens) from the longest seam type. No more than five specimens may be cut from a single garment. Prior to testing, assign each specimen to one of the three Samples. All specimens cut from a single garment must be included in the same Sample. Test the three selected Samples. If all three Samples meet all the test criteria of Sec. 1615.3(b), accept the Unit. If one or more of the three Samples fail the 17.8 cm. (7 in.) average char length criterion, Sec. 1615.3(b)(1), reject the Unit. If four or more of the individual specimens, from the 15 selected specimens, fail the 25.4 cm (10 in.) char length, Sec. 1615.3(b)(2), reject the Unit. If three or less of the individual specimens, from the 15 selected specimens, fail the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length, Sec. 1615.3(b)(2), accept the Unit. (B)(1) If the garment under test does not have a 10-inch seam in the largest size in which it is produced, the following selection and testing procedure shall be followed. (2) Select and cut specimens 8.9 cm. (3.5 in.) wide by the maximum available seam length, with the seam in the center of the specimen and extending the entire specimen length. Cut three Samples (15 specimens). These specimens shall be placed in specimen holders so that the bottom edge is even with the bottom of the specimen holder and the seam begins in the center of the bottom edge. Prior to testing, assign each specimen to one of the three Samples. All specimens cut from a single garment must be included in the same Sample. (3) Test the three Samples. If all three Samples pass the 17.8 cm. (7 in.) average char length criterion, Sec. 1615.3(b)(1), and if three or less individual specimens fail by charring the entire specimen length, accept the Unit. If the Unit is not accepted in the above test, three Samples (15 specimens) of the longest seam type shall be made using fabric and thread from production inventory and sewn on production machines by production operators. The individual fabric sections prior to sewing must be no larger than 20.3 x 63.3 cm. (8 in. x 25 in.) and must be selected from more than one area of the base fabric. Test the three prepared Samples. Accept or reject the Unit as described previously in this subsection. (4) Disposition of Rejected Units. Rejected Units shall not be retested, used, or promoted for use in children's sleepwear as defined in Sec. 1615.1(a), except after reworking to improve the flammability characteristics and subsequent retesting in accordance with the procedures set forth in garment production testing. (5) Records. Records of all Unit sizes, test results, and the disposition of rejected Units must be maintained by the manufacturer upon the effective date of this standard. Rules and regulations may be established by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (e) Specimens and Sampling--Compliance Market Sampling Plan. Sampling plans for use in market testing of items covered by this Standard may be issued by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Such plans shall define noncompliance of a production Unit to exist only when it is shown, with a high level of statistical confidence, those production Units represented by tested items which fail such plans will, in fact, fail this standard. Production units found to be non-complying under the provisions of paragraph (e) of this section shall be deemed not to conform to this Standard. The Consumer Product Safety Commission may publish such plans in the Federal Register. (f) Mounting and conditioning of specimens. (1) The specimens shall be placed in specimen holders so that the bottom edge of each specimen is even with the bottom of the specimen holder. Mount the specimen in as close to a flat configuration as possible. The sides of the specimen holder shall cover 1.9 cm. (\3/4\ in.) of the specimen width along each long edge of the specimen, and thus shall expose 5.1 cm. (2 in.) of the specimen width. The sides of the specimen holder shall be clamped with a sufficient number of clamps or shall be [[Page 836]] taped to prevent the specimen from being displaced during handling and testing. The specimens may be taped in the holders if the clamps fail to hold them. Place the mounted specimens in the drying oven in a manner that will permit free circulation of air at 105 [deg]C. (221 [deg]F.) around them for 30 minutes. \4\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \4\ If the specimens are moist when received, permit them to air dry at laboratory conditions prior to placement in the oven. A satisfactory preconditioning procedure may be found in ASTM D 1776-67, ``Conditioning Textiles and Textile Products for Testing.'' (``1970 Book of ASTM Standards,'' part 24, published by the American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103.) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (2) Remove the mounted specimens from the oven and place them in the desiccator for 30 minutes to cool. No more than five specimens shall be placed in a desiccator at one time. Specimens shall remain in the desiccator no more than 60 minutes. (g) Testing--(1) Burner adjustment. With the hood fan turned off, use the needle valve to adjust the flame height of the burner to 3.8 cm. (1\1/2\ in.) above the highest point of the barrel of the burner. A suitable height indicator is shown in Engineering Drawing No. 6 and Figure 1. (2) Specimen Burning and Evaluation. (i) One at a time, the mounted specimens shall be removed from the desiccator and suspended in the cabinet for testing. The cabinet door shall be closed and the burner flame impinged on the bottom edge of the specimen for 3.00.2 seconds. Flame impingement is accomplished by moving the burner under the specimen for this length of time, and then removing it. (ii) When afterglow has ceased, remove the specimen from the cabinet and holder, and place it on a clean flat surface. Fold the specimen lengthwise along a line through the highest peak of the charred or melted area; crease the specimen firmly by hand. Unfold the specimen and insert the hook with the correct weight as shown in table 1 in the specimen on one side of the charred area 6.4 mm. (\1/4\ in.) from the lower edge. (iii) Tear the specimen by grasping the other lower corner of the fabric and gently raising the specimen and weight clear of the supporting surface. \5\ Measure the char length as the distance from the end of the tear to the edge of the specimen exposed to the flame. After testing each specimen, vent the hood and cabinet to remove the smoke and/or toxic gases. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \5\ A figure showing how this is done is given in AATCC 34-1969, Technical Manual of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, vol. 46, 1970, published by AATCC, Post Office Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, N.C. 27709. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (3) Report. Report the value of char length, in centimeters (inches), for each specimen, as well as the average char length for each set of five specimens. (4) Laundering. (i) The procedures described in sections 1615.4(b) through (g) shall be carried out on finished items (as produced or after one washing and drying) and after they have been washed and dried 50 times in accordance with sections 8.2.2, 8.2.3, and 8.3.1(A) of AATCC Test Method 124-1996 ``Appearance of Fabrics after Repeated Home Laundering,'' Technical Manual of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, vol. 73, 1997, which is incorporated by reference. Copies of this document are available from the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. This document is also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202- 741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/ code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. Items which do not withstand 50 launderings shall be tested at the end of their useful service life. (ii) Washing shall be performed in accordance with sections 8.2.2 and 8.2.3 of AATCC Test Method 124-1996, using wash temperature V (60[deg] 3 [deg]C, 140[deg] 5 [deg]F) specified in Table II of that method, and the water level, agitator speed, washing time, spin speed and final spin cycle specified for ``Normal/Cotton Sturdy'' in Table III. A maximum [[Page 837]] washer load shall be 3.64 Kg (8 pounds) and may consist of any combination of test samples and dummy pieces. Drying shall be performed in accordance with section 8.3.1(A) of that test method, Tumble Dry, using the exhaust temperature (66[deg] 5 [deg]C, 150[deg] 10 [deg]F) and cool down time of 10 minutes specified in the ``Durable Press'' conditions of Table IV. Alternatively, a different number of times under another washing and drying procedure may be specified and used, if that procedure has previously been found to be equivalent by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Such laundering is not required of items which are not intended to be laundered, as determined by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (iii) Items which are not susceptible to being laundered and are labeled ``dry-clean only'' shall be drycleaned by a procedure which has previously been found to be acceptable by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (iv) For the purpose of the issuance of a guarantee under section 8 of the act, finished sleepwear garments to be tested according to paragraphs (b) through (e) of this section need not be laundered or drycleaned provided all fabrics used in making the garments (except trim) have been guaranteed by the fabric producer to be acceptable when tested according to paragraphs (b) through (e) of this section. [40 FR 59903, Dec. 30, 1975; 41 FR 1061, Jan. 6, 1976; 41 FR 8032, Feb. 24, 1976, as amended at 43 FR 4853, Feb. 6, 1978; 46 FR 63251, Dec. 31, 1981; 64 FR 24526, June 28, 1999; 65 FR 12927, Mar. 10, 2000; 72 FR 13689, Mar. 23, 2007] Sec. 1615.5 Labeling requirements. (a) Care labels. All items of children's sleepwear shall be labeled with precautionary instructions to protect the items from agents or treatments which are known to cause deterioration of their flame resistance. If the item has been initially tested under Sec. 1615.4(g)(4) after one washing and drying, it shall be labeled with instructions to wash before wearing. Such labels shall be permanent and otherwise in accordance with rules and regulations established by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (b) [Reserved] [40 FR 59903, Dec. 30, 1975, as amended at 61 FR 1116, Jan. 16, 1996] Subpart B_Rules and Regulations Authority: Sec. 5, 67 Stat. 112-113, as amended, 81 Stat. 570, 15 U.S.C. 1194. Sec. 1615.31 Labeling, recordkeeping, advertising, retail display and guaranties. (a) Definitions. For the purposes of this section, the following definitions apply: (1) Standard means the Standard for the Flammability of Children's Sleepwear: Sizes 0 through 6X (FF 3-71) (subpart A of this part) promulgated by the Secretary of Commerce in the Federal Register of July 29, 1971 (36 FR 14062), and amended by him in the Federal Register of July 21, 1972 (37 FR 14624). (2) Children's sleepwear means ``children's sleepwear'' as defined in Sec. 1615.1(a) of the Standard; that is, ``any product of wearing apparel up to and including size 6X, such as nightgowns, pajamas, or similar or related items, such as robes, intended to be worn primarily for sleeping or activities related to sleeping. Diapers and underwear are excluded from this definition.'' (3) Item means ``item'' as defined in Sec. 1615.1(c) of the Standard; that is, ``any product of children's sleepwear, or any fabric or related material intended or promoted for use in children's sleepwear.'' (4) Marketing or handling or marketed or handled means any one or more of the transactions set forth in section 3 of the Flammable Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C. 1192). (5) The definitions of terms set forth in Sec. 1615.1 of the Standard shall also apply to this section. (b) Labeling. (1) Where any agent or treatment is known to cause deterioration of flame resistance or otherwise enhances the flammability characteristics of an item, such item shall be prominently, permanently, conspicuously, and legibly labeled with precautionary care and treatment instructions to protect the item from such agent or treatment: Provided: [[Page 838]] (i) Where items required to be labeled in accordance with this paragraph are marketed at retail in packages, and the required label is not readily visible to the prospective purchaser, the packages must also be prominently, conspicuously, and legibly labeled with the required information, and (ii) Where items are required to be labeled in accordance with this paragraph, the precautionary care and treatment instructions may appear on the reverse side of the permanent label if (A) The precautionary care and treatment instructions are legible, prominent and conspicuous, and (B) The phrase ``CARE INSTRUCTIONS ON REVERSE'' or the equivalent appears permanently, prominently, conspicuously, and legibly on the side of the permanent label that is visible to the prospective purchaser when the item is marketed at retail, and (C) The item which is so labeled is marketed at retail in such a manner that the prospective purchaser is able to manipulate the label so the entire text of the precautionary care and treatment instructions is visible and legible; however, where the label cannot be manipulated so the instructions are visible to the prospective purchaser and legible, the packages must also be prominently, conspicuously and legibly labeled with the required precautionary care and treatment information or such information must appear prominently, conspicuously and legibly on a hang tag attached to the item. (2) If the item has been initially tested under Sec. 1615.4(g)(4) of the Standard after one washing and drying, it shall be prominently, permanently, conspicuously, and legibly labeled with instructions to wash before wearing. (3) [Reserved] (4) Where any fabric or related material intended or promoted for use in children's sleepwear is sold or intended for sale to the ultimate consumer for the purpose of conversion into children's sleepwear, each bolt, roll, or other unit shall be labeled with the information required by this section. Each item of fabric or related material sold to an ultimate consumer must be accompanied by a label, as prescribed by this section, that can by normal household methods be permanently affixed by the ultimate consumer to any item of children's sleepwear made from such fabric or related material. (5) Where items required to be labeled in accordance with paragraphs (b) (2), (3), and (4) of this section are marketed at retail in packages, and the required label is not readily visible to prospective purchasers, the packages must also be prominently, conspicuously, and legibly labeled with the required information. (6) Samples, swatches, or specimens used to promote or effect the sale of items subject to the Standard shall be labeled in accordance with this section with the information required by this section, except that such information may appear on accompanying promotional materials attached to fabric samples, swatches, or specimens used to promote the sale of fabrics to garment manufacturers. This paragraph (b)(6) of this section shall not apply, however, to samples, swatches, or specimens prominently, permanently, conspicuously, truthfully, and legibly labeled with the statement ``Flammable. Sample only. Not for use or resale. Does not meet Standard for the Flammability of Children's Sleepwear, DOC FF 3-71.'' (7) The information required on labels by this section shall be set forth separately from any other information appearing on the same label. Other information, representations, or disclosures not required by this action but placed on the same label with information required by this section, or placed on other labels elsewhere on the item, shall not interfere with the information required by this section. No person, other than the ultimate consumer, shall remove or mutilate, or cause or participate in the removal or mutilation of, any label required by this section to be affixed to any item. (8) Every manufacturer, importer, or other person (such as a converter) initially introducing items subject to the Standard into commerce shall assign to each item a unit identification (number, letter or date, or combination, thereof) sufficient to identify and relate to the fabric production unit or [[Page 839]] garment production unit of which the item is a part. Such unit identification shall be designated in such a way as to indicate that it is a production unit identification under the Standard. The letters ``GPU'' and ``FPU'' may be used to designate a garment production unit identification and fabric production unit identification respectively, at the option of the labeler. (i) Where fabrics required to be labeled or stamped in accordance with this section are marketed at retail in packages and the required label or stamp is not readily visible to the prospective purchaser, the packages must also be prominently, conspicuously, and legibly labeled with the information required by this section. (ii) Where garments required to be labeled or stamped in accordance with paragraph (b)(8) of this section are marketed at retail in packages and the required label or stamp is not readily visible to the prospective purchasers: (A) The packages must also be prominently, conspicuously, and legibly labeled with the information required by this section; or (B) There must be a garment style identification that is prominent, conspicuous, and legible and readily visible to the prospective purchaser, either on a label or hang tag attached to the garments or on the garment packages. A style is a garment design or grouping, preselected by the manufacturer. A style may be composed of garments that form all or part of one or more GPU's and the style may include any number of garments the manufacturer chooses. Style identification means any numbers, letters, or combination thereof that are sufficient to identify the garments of the style and may include information such as color, season or size. If this option B is selected, in any recall of noncomplying items from a particular GPU: (1) The garment manufacturer must recall the entire style(s) from all customers who purchased garments of the style(s) of which the GPU is part. However, retailers may elect to return only garments from the particular GPU necessitating the recall rather than the entire style(s) being recalled; and (2) Within 48 hours of a written request, the garment manufacturer must supply to the Commission any samples in its possession of garments from the GPU, as requested. As required of all persons subject to this section, the garment manufacturer must also, within the time requested, supply to the Commission the names of any customers who purchased during a specified period of time, garments from the GPU (or the style(s) of which the GPU is a part) and supply access to all records required under the Standard and this section. (iii) Each garment subject to the Standard shall bear a label with minimum dimensions of 1.3 centimeters (0.5 inch) by 1.9 centimeters (0.75 inch) containing the appropriate garment production unit identification for that garment in letters which are clear, conspicuous, and legible and in a color which contrasts with the background of the label, or shall have such information stamped on the garment itself in letters which are clear, conspicuous, and legible and in a color which contrasts with the background, and at least 2.54 centimeters (1 inch) in every direction from any other information. The stamp or label containing the garment production unit identification must be of such construction, and affixed to the garment in such a manner as to remain on or attached to the garment and legible and visible throughout its intended period of use. (iv) The fabric production unit identification shall appear in letters at least 0.4 centimeters (one-sixth of an inch) in height against a contrasting background on each label that relates to such fabric and is required by the Textile Fiber Products Identification Act (15 U.S.C. 70-70k) and the regulations thereunder (16 CFR 303.1 through 303.45), or by the Wool Products Labeling Act of 1939 (15 U.S.C. 68-68j) and the regulations thereunder (16 CFR 300.1 through 300.35). When the information required by the Textile Fiber Product Identification Act or by the Wool Products Labeling Act of 1939 appears on an invoice used in lieu of labeling, the fabric production unit identification required by this section may be placed clearly, conspicuously, and legibly on the same invoice in lieu of labeling. (c)-(d) [Reserved] [[Page 840]] (e) Records--manufacturers, importers, or other persons initially introducing items into commerce--(1) General. Every manufacturer, importer, or other person (such as a converter) initially introducing into commerce items subject to the Standard, irrespective of whether guaranties are issued under paragraph (f) of this section, shall maintain written and physical records as hereinafter specified. The records required must establish a line of continuity through the process of manufacture of each production unit of articles of children's sleepwear, or fabrics or related materials intended or promoted for use in children's sleepwear, to the sale and delivery of the finished items and from the specific finished item to the manufacturing records. Such records shall show with respect to such items: (i) Details, description, and identification of any and all sampling plans engaged in pursuant to the requirements of the Standard. Such records must be sufficient to demonstrate compliance with such sampling plan(s) and must relate the sampling plan(s) to the actual items produced, marketed, or handled. This requirement is not limited by other provisions of paragraph (e) of this section. (ii) Garment production units or fabric production units of all garments or fabrics marketed or handled. The records must relate to an appropriate production unit identification on or affixed to the item itself in accordance with paragraph (b)(8) of this section, and the production unit identification must relate to the garment production unit or fabric production unit. (iii) Test results and details of all tests performed, both prototype and production, including char lengths of each specimen tested, average char length of the samples required to be tested, details of the sampling procedure employed, name and signature of persons conducting tests, date of tests, and all other records necessary to demonstrate compliance with the test procedures and sampling plan specified by the standard or authorized alternate sampling plan. (iv) Disposition of all failing or rejected items. Such records must demonstrate that the items were retested or reworked and retested in accordance with the Standard prior to sale or distribution and that such retested or reworked and retested items comply with the Standard, or otherwise show the disposition of such items. (v) Fiber content and manufacturing specifications relating the same to prototype and production testing and to the production units to which applicable. (vi) Data and test results relied on as a basis for inclusion of different colors or different print patterns of the same fabric as a single fabric or garment production unit under Sec. 1615.4(b) of the Standard. (vii) Data and test results relied on as a basis for reduced laundering of fabric or garments during test procedures under Sec. 1615.4(g)(4) of the Standard and any guaranties issued or received relating to laundering as well as details of the laundering procedure utilized. (viii) Identification, composition, and details of application of any flame retardant treatments employed. All prototype and production records shall relate to such information. (ix) Date and quantity of each sale or delivery of items subject to the Standard (except the date of sale to an ultimate consumer) and the name and address of the purchaser or recipient (except an ultimate consumer). The items involved in each such sale or delivery shall be identified by production unit or by style. A style is a garment design or grouping, preselected by the manufacturer. A style may be composed of garments that form all or part of one or more garment production units and the style may include any number of garments that form all or part of one or more garment production units and the style may include any number of garments the manufacturer chooses. If a person subject to the requirements of Sec. 1615.31(e) maintains sales records which identify the items sold or delivered by style, and if recall of one or more production units subject to the Standard is required, that person in recalling such production units shall notify all purchasers of items of the style in which such production unit or units were manufactured. Retailers may elect to return all items of the style involved, or all items of the production unit or units subject to recall. [[Page 841]] (2) Fabrics. In addition to the information specified in paragraph (e)(1) of this section the written and physical records maintained with respect to each fabric production unit shall include (i) finished fabric samples sufficient to repeat the fabric sampling procedure required by Sec. 1615.4 (b) through (e) of the Standard for each production unit marketed or handled; and (ii) records to relate the samples to the actual fabric production unit. Upon written request of any duly authorized employee or agent of the Commission, samples sufficient for the sampling and testing of any production unit in accordance with Sec. 1615.4 (b) through (e) of the Standard shall be furnished from these records within the time specified in that written request. (3) Garments--prototype testing. In addition to the records specified in paragraph (e)(1) of this section, the following written and physical records shall be maintained with respect to the garment prototype testing required by the Standard: (i) Specification, fiber content, and details of construction on all seams, fabrics, threads, stitches, and trims used in each garment style or type upon which prototype testing was performed, relating the same to such garment style or type and to all production units to which such prototype testing is applicable. (ii) Samples sufficient to repeat the prototype tests required by Sec. 1615.4 (b) through (e) of the Standard for all fabrics, seams, threads, stitches, and trims used in such prototype testing, relating such samples to the records required by paragraph (e) of this section including the information required by paragraph (e)(3)(i) of this section. Upon written request of any duly authorized employee or agent of the Commission, samples sufficient for the testing of any prototype specimens identical to those specimens that were actually tested pursuant to the Standard shall be furnished from these records within the time specified in that written request. (iii) A complete untested garment from each style or type of garment marketed or handled. (iv) Remains of all physical specimens tested in accordance with the prototype testing required by Sec. 1615.4 (b) through (e) of the Standard, relating such samples to the records required by paragraph (c) of this section including information required by paragraph (e)(3)(i) of this section. (4) Garments--Production testing. In addition to the records required by paragraph (e)(1) of this section, written and physical records shall be maintained and shall show with respect to each garment production unit: (i) Source and fabric production unit identification of all fabrics subject to testing used in each garment production unit. (ii) Identification and appropriate reference to all prototype records and prototype tests applicable to each production unit. (iii) Any guaranty relied upon to demonstrate that the fabric utilized in such garments meets the laundering requirements of the Standard. (iv) Data sufficient to show that tested samples were selected from the production unit at random from regular production. (v) Written data that will enable the Commission to obtain and test garments under any applicable compliance market sampling plan. (5) Record retention requirements. The records required by paragraph (e) of this section shall be maintained for 3 years, except that records relating to prototype testing shall be maintained for as long as they are relied upon as demonstrating compliance with the prototype testing requirements of the Standard and shall be retained for 3 years thereafter. (f) Tests for guaranty purposes. Reasonable and representative tests for the purpose of issuing a guaranty under section 8 of the Flammable Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C. 1197) for items subject to the Standard shall be those tests performed pursuant to any sampling plan or authorized alternative sampling plan engaged in pursuant to the requirements of the Standard. (g) Compliance with this section. No person subject to the Flammable Fabrics Act shall manufacture, import, distribute, or otherwise market or handle any item subject to the Standard, including samples, swatches, or specimens used to promote or effect the sale [[Page 842]] thereof, which is not in compliance with this section. [40 FR 59903, Dec. 30, 1975, as amended at 43 FR 4855 Feb. 6, 1978; 49 FR 3064, Jan. 24, 1984; 61 FR 1116, Jan. 16, 1996] Sec. 1615.32 Method for establishment and use of alternate laundering procedures under section 4(g)(4)(ii) of the standard. (a) Scope. (1) Section 1615.4(g)(4)(ii) of the Standard for the Flammability of Children's Sleepwear in sizes 0-6X (16 CFR 1615.4(g)(4)(ii)) requires that all fabrics and certain garments subject to the standard be tested for flammability as produced (or after one washing and drying) and after the items have been washed and dried 50 times in machines, using the procedure specified in AATCC Test Method 124-1996. \6\ This section also provides that items may be laundered a different number of times under another washing and drying procedure if the Commission finds that such an alternate laundering procedure is equivalent to the procedure specified in the standard. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \6\ AATCC Test Method 124-1996 ``Appearance of Fabrics after Repeated Home Laundering,'' Technical Manual of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, vol. 73, 1997, which is incorporated by reference. Copies of this document are available from the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. This document is also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202- 741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/ code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (2) This rule provides the procedures to be followed by persons seeking Commission approval for alternate laundering procedures. It also provides the criteria the Commission will use in evaluating the applications. (3) The alternate laundering procedures provided for in this section apply only to procedures under section 4(g)(4)(ii) of the standard and shall not be used for determining whether different colors or different print patterns of the same fabric may be included in a single fabric or garment production unit. (4) As used in this section, fabric means fabric or related material promoted or intended for use in children's sleepwear made to identical specifications and containing the same identity while in production. (b) Application procedure. (1) Applicants seeking approval for use of an alternate laundering procedure under Sec. 1615.4(g)(4)(ii) of the standard must submit the following information in writing to the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207: (i) A detailed description of the proposed alternate laundering procedure, and a 6 in. by 6 in. swatch of the fabric or garment for which the procedure is proposed. (ii) Upon request of the Commission staff, any other information concerning the procedure and/or any machine used in connection with it. (iii) With regard to each fabric or garment for which an alternate laundering procedure is sought, test data comparing twenty test specimens washed and dried by the proposed alternate laundering procedure and twenty specimens tested in accordance with the 50-wash and dry cycle procedure required in section 4(g)(4)(ii) of the standard. (For purposes of applications, similar fabrics or garments of different finishes shall be considered as different fabrics or garments and therefore separate test results must be submitted). Each group of twenty specimens upon which these data are based must be cut for testing, half in the machine direction and half in the cross machine direction. Where the applicant manufactures the fabric or garments in more than one plant, the data described in this paragraph must be submitted separately for the fabric or garments of each plant for which the proposed alternate laundering procedure is intended to be used. Subsequent applications for use of the same procedure for additional fabrics and garments may incorporate portions of the original application by reference, as appropriate. [[Page 843]] (2) Applications shall be certified by the chief executive officer of the applicant or the official to whom the duty to certify has been delegated in writing. The Commission's Assistant Executive Director for Compliance must be notified in writing of any such delegation. (c) Use of alternate laundering procedure. (1) The applicant may begin to use the alternate laundering procedure 30 days after the application is received by the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance unless notified to the contrary. The Assistant Executive Director for Compliance will normally furnish an applicant with written notice of approval within 30 days. The applicant may be notified that a longer time is needed for evaluation of the application, and in the discretion of the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance, may be authorized to use the alternate laundering procedure pending the final decision. The notice of approval shall be kept by the applicant with other written records required to be maintained in connection with the use of an alternate laundering procedure. So the applicants may ascertain that the application has been received and when the 30-day period has elapsed, it is suggested that applications be sent by certified mail, return receipt requested. (2) As provided in detail in Sec. 1615.32(e), applicants must immediately discontinue use of an alternate procedure, and must immediately notify the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance if there are test failures during revalidation testing. (d) Revalidation testing. (1) In order to assure a continued satisfactory correlation between the alternate laundering procedure and the laundering procedure of the standard, applicants shall perform all the testing described in paragraph (b)(1)(iii) of this section for fabrics or garments from current production at least once for every three-month period during which any of the fabric or garments are produced. (2) If following initial approval, four successive comparisons of the alternate and the 50-cycle methods as described in paragraph (d)(1) of this section, consistently show acceptable results under the criteria specified by paragraph (f) of this section, the Commission will deem such comparisons to be sufficient demonstration of the equivalence of the alternate laundering procedure with the 50 launderings required in the standard and further revalidation testing will not be required. (3) Records of revalidation testing need not be submitted to the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance. However such records must be maintained in accordance with paragraph (h) of this section. (e) Revalidation testing failures. (1) If revalidation testing for any fabric or garment does not meet the criteria of Sec. 1615.32(f), the applicant must immediately discontinue use of the alternate laundering procedure for the fabric or garment and must immediately notify the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance in writing of the failure to meet the criteria. Also, the testing from the production unit from which the non-correlating samples were taken and the testing from subsequent production units (if any) must be repeated immediately using the laundering procedure prescribed in the standard. These repeat tests shall then be the tests applicable to such production unit(s) and the tests previously performed on the production unit(s) shall be considered invalid. (2) When use of an alternate laundering procedure for a particular fabric or garment has been discontinued because of a failure to meet the criteria of Sec. 1615.32(f), the alternate laundering procedure shall not be used again unless a new application for approval is submitted to the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance and that officer approves the application in writing. In addition to the other information required for applications, the additional application should give facts or reasons showing why the applicant believes the procedure should be considered reliable with the fabric or garments involved, in view of previous failure. (f) Commission criteria for evaluating applications. (1) The Assistant Executive Director for Compliance will approve the alternate laundering procedure as equivalent to the laundering procedure specified in Sec. 1615.4(g)(4)(ii) of [[Page 844]] the standard if testing from 20 specimens laundered by the proposed alternate procedure yields as many or more char lengths in excess of five inches as does testing from the twenty specimens laundered by the 50-laundering cycle method prescribed in the standard. (2) If the alternate laundering procedure yields fewer char lengths in excess of five inches than does the 50-wash and dry cycle, then the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance will not consider the alternate procedure to be equivalent, with the following exception: If the number of five-inch chars from the alternate procedure is within one of the number of five-inch chars obtained from the 50-cycle procedure, the applicant may repeat the original test with new specimens and if the combined results of both tests show the count of chars exceeding five inches from the alternate is equal to, or greater than, the count from the 50-wash cycle procedure, the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance will approve the alternate laundering procedure. (g) Commission testing for compliance. (1) For the purpose of determining compliance with the standard, the Commission will rely on testing employing the laundering procedure now prescribed in section 4(g)(4)(ii) of the standard. (2) The Commission may verify equivalency of any procedure submitted by independent testing and evaluation, by or on behalf of the Commission. (h) Recordkeeping. The applicant must maintain a record of all applications filed with the Commission and of all equivalency tests for as long as the procedures to which they relate are in use and for three years thereafter. [42 FR 55891, Oct. 20, 1977, as amended at 65 FR 12927, Mar. 10, 2000; 65 FR 19818, Apr. 12, 2000] Sec. 1615.35 Use of alternate apparatus, procedures, or criteria for testing under the standard. (a) The Standard for the Flammability of Children's Sleepwear: Sizes 0 through 6X (the Standard) requires every manufacturer, importer, and other person (such as a converter) initially introducing items subject to the Standard into commerce to group items into production units, and to test samples from each production unit. See 16 CFR 1615.4 (b), (c) and (d). The Standard prescribes an apparatus and procedure for performing tests of fabric and garments subject to its provisions. See 16 CFR 1615.4 (a), (f), and (g). The Standard prescribes pass/fail criteria at 16 CFR 1615.3(b). (b)(1) By issuance of this Sec. 1615.35, the Commission gives its approval to any person or firm desiring to use test apparatus or procedures other than those prescribed by the Standard for purposes of compliance with the Standard, if that person or firm has data or other information to demonstrate that a test utilizing such alternate apparatus or procedures is as stringent as, or more stringent than, a test utilizing the apparatus and procedures specified in the Standard. The Commission considers a test utilizing alternate apparatus or procedures to be ``as stringent as, or more stringent than'' a test utilizing the apparatus and procedures specified in the standard if, when testing identical specimens, a test utilizing alternate apparatus or procedures yields failing results as often as, or more often than, a test utilizing the apparatus and procedures specified in the Standard. (2) The data or information required by this paragraph (b) of this section as a condition to the Commission's approval of the use of alternate test apparatus or procedures must be in the possession of the person or firm desiring to use such alternate apparatus or procedures before the alternate apparatus or procedures may be used for purposes of compliance with the Standard. (3) The information required by this paragraph (b) of this section must be retained by the person or firm using the alternate test apparatus or procedure for as long as that apparatus or procedure is used for purposes of compliance with the Standard, and for a period of one year thereafter. (c) Written application to the Commission is not required for approval of alternate test apparatus or procedure, and the Commission will not act on any individual written application for [[Page 845]] approval of alternate test apparatus or procedure. (d) Use of any alternate test apparatus or procedure without the data or information required by paragraph (b), of this section, may result in violation of the Standard and section 3 of the Flammable Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C. 1192). (e) The Commission will test fabrics and garments subject to the Standard for compliance with the requirements of the Standard using the apparatus and procedures set forth in the Standard. The Commission will consider any failing results from compliance testing as evidence of a violation of the Standard and section 3 of the Flammable Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C 1192). (Reporting requirements contained in paragraph (d) were approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 3041-0027) [48 FR 21315, May 12, 1983] Sec. 1615.36 Use of alternate apparatus or procedures for tests for guaranty purposes. (a) Section 8(a) of the Flammable Fabrics Act (FFA, 15 U.S.C. 1197(a)) provides that no person shall be subject to criminal prosecution under section 7 of the FFA (15 U.S.C. 1196) for a violation of section 3 of the FFA (15 U.S.C. 1192) if that person establishes a guaranty received in good faith which meets all requirements set forth in section 8 of the FFA. One of those requirements is that the guaranty must be based upon ``reasonable and representative tests'' in accordance with the applicable standard. (b) Section 1615.31(f) of the regulations implementing the Standard for the Flammability of Children's Sleepwear: Sizes 0 through 6X (the Standard) provides that for purposes of supporting guaranties issued in accordance with section 8 of the FFA for items subject to the Standard, ``reasonable and representative tests'' are tests ``performed pursuant to any sampling plan or authorized alternative sampling plan engaged in pursuant to the requirements of the Standard.'' (c) At Sec. 1615.35, the Commission has set forth conditions under which the Commission will approve the use of test apparatus or procedures other than those prescribed in the Standard for purposes of demonstrating compliance with the requirements of the Standard. Any person or firm meeting the requirements of Sec. 1615.35 for use of alternate test apparatus or procedure for compliance with the Standard may also use such alternate test apparatus or procedures under the same conditions for purposes of conducting ``reasonable and representative tests'' to support guaranties of items subject to the Standard, following any sampling plan prescribed by the Standard or any approved alternate sampling plan. (d) The Commission will test fabrics and garments subject to the Standard for compliance with the Standard using the apparatus and procedures set forth in the Standard. The Commission will consider any failing results from compliance testing as evidence that the person or firm using alternate test apparatus or procedures has furnished a false guaranty in violation of section 8(b) of the FFA (15 U.S.C. 1197(b)). [48 FR 21316, May 12, 1983] Subpart C_Interpretations and Policies Authority: Secs. 1-17, 67 Stat. 111-115, as amended, 81 Stat. 568- 74; 15 U.S.C. 1191-1204. Sec. 1615.61 [Reserved] Sec. 1615.62 Policy and interpretation relative to items in inventory or as to recordkeeping requirements. (a) The Standard for the Flammability of Children's Sleepwear: Sizes 0 through 6X (FF 3-71) (subpart A of this part) was published in the Federal Register on July 29, 1971, at 36 FR 14062 et seq., and amended in the Federal Register of July 21, 1972 (37 FR 14624). The Notice of Standard provided at 36 FR 14063 that ``Items in inventory or with the trade on the effective date of the Standard are exempt. All concerned parties shall be required to maintain records that these items offered for sale after the effective date of the Standard are eligible for the exemption.'' (b) The Children's Sleepwear Standard was amended on July 21, 1972, at 37 FR 14624 et seq. to incorporate a sleepwear sampling plan therein and to make certain nonsubstantive technical [[Page 846]] corrections as to the test equipment. The effective date remained the same. In issuance of such amendment the Notice of Amendment specified at 37 FR 14625 that ``It is emphasized that the only substantive change made to the standard involves the amendment necessary to include the sampling plan.'' (c) The Notice of Amendment did not repeat the language in the original 1971 Notice of Standard relative to items in inventory or as to recordkeeping requirements. (d) Questions have arisen under this standard as to the application of the standard to goods manufactured outside the United States prior to the effective date of the standard on July 29, 1972, as to whether a person claiming the exemption specified in the standard must maintain records showing eligibility for exemption from the standard. (e) In the Commission's view, the provisions of the July 29, 1971, Notice of Standard as to exemption of items of children's sleepwear in inventory or with the trade on the effective date of the standard and as to the necessity of maintenance of records to show eligibility for such exemption are in full force and effect. Note: This policy was published by the Federal Trade Commission on January 31, 1973 (38 FR 3014). It continues in effect. Sec. 1615.63 Policy regarding garment production unit identification. No provision of Sec. 1615.31(b)(8) prohibits placement of a garment production unit identification on a label containing other information. Provided, however, that when the garment production unit identification appears on a label containing other information, provisions of Sec. 1615.31(b)(7) require that the garment production unit identification must be set forth separately from any other information appearing on the same label, and that information not required by the applicable enforcement regulation Sec. 1615.31, but placed on the same label with the garment production unit identification, shall not interfere with the garment production unit identification. Sec. 1615.64 Policy to clarify scope of the standard. (a) The Standard for Flammability of Children's Sleepwear: Size 0 Through 6X (16 CFR part 1615) is applicable to any item of children's sleepwear in sizes 0 through 6X. (1) The term item is defined in the Standard at Sec. 1615.1(d) to mean ``any product of children's sleepwear, or any fabric or related material intended or promoted for use in children's sleepwear.'' (2) The term children's sleepwear is defined in the Standard at Sec. 1615.1(a) to mean ``any product of wearing apparel up to and including size 6X, such as nightgowns, pajamas, or similar or related items, such as robes, intended to be worn primarily for sleeping or activities relating to sleeping. Diapers and underwear are excluded from the definition.'' (b) The Commission makes the following statement of policy regarding (1) the phrase ``intended or promoted'' as used in the definition of ``item'' in Sec. 1615.1(d), and (2) the phrase ``intended to be worn primarily for sleeping or activities related to sleeping'' as used in the definition of ``children's sleepwear'' in Sec. 1615.1(a). (c) For enforcement purposes, the meaning of these phrases will be interpreted by the Commission in accordance with the following principles: (1) Sleepwear fabrics and related materials. Whether fabric or related material is ``intended or promoted'' for use in children's sleepwear depends on the facts and circumstances in each case. Relevant factors include: (i) The nature of the fabric and its suitability for use in children's sleepwear; (ii) The extent to which the fabric or a comparable fabric has been sold to manufacturers of children's sleepwear for use in the manufacture of children's sleepwear garments; and (iii) The likelihood that the fabric will be used primarily for children's sleepwear in a substantial number of cases. (2) Sleepwear garments. Whether a product of wearing apparel is ``intended to be worn primarily for sleeping or activities related to sleeping'' depends on [[Page 847]] the facts and circumstances present in each case. Relevant factors include: (i) The nature of the product and its suitability for use by children for sleeping or activities related to sleeping; (ii) The manner in which the product is distributed and promoted; and (iii) The likelihood that the product will be used by children primarily for sleeping or activities related to sleeping in a substantial number of cases. (3) The factors set forth in this policy statement are guidelines only, and are not elements of the definition of the term ``children's sleepwear'' in Sec. 1615.1(a) of the Standard. For this reason, a particular fabric or garment may meet the definition of ``children's sleepwear'' set forth in the Standard, even though all factors listed in this policy statement are not present. (d) Retailers, distributors, and wholesalers, as well as manufacturers, importers, and other persons (such as converters) introducing a fabric or garment into commerce which does not meet the requirements of the flammability standards for children's sleepwear, have an obligation not to promote or sell such fabric or garment for use as an item of children's sleepwear. Also, retailers, distributors, and wholesalers are advised not to advertise, promote, or sell as an item of children's sleepwear any item which a manufacturer, importer, or other person (such as a converter) introducing the item into commerce has indicated by label, invoice, or, otherwise, does not meet the requirements of the children's sleepwear flammability standards and is not intended or suitable for use as sleepwear. ``Infant garments'' as defined by Sec. 1615.1(c) and ``tight-fitting'' garments as defined by Sec. 1615.1(o) are exempt from the standard which requires flame resistance. They may be marketed as sleepwear for purposes of this section. Additionally, retailers are advised: (1) To segregate, by placement in different parts of a department or store, fabrics and garments covered by the children's sleepwear standards from all fabrics and garments that are beyond the scope of the children's sleepwear standards but which resemble items of children's sleepwear; (2) To utilize store display signs indicating the distinction between types of fabrics and garments, for example by indicating which are sleepwear items and which are not; and (3) To avoid the advertisement or promotion of a fabric or garment that does not comply with the children's sleepwear flammability standard in a manner that may cause the item to be viewed by the consumer as an item of children's sleepwear. (Sec. 5, Pub.L. 90-189, 81 Stat. 569, 15 U.S.C. 1194; sec. 30(b), Pub.L. 92-573, 86 Stat. 1231, 15 U.S.C. 2079(b); 5 U.S.C. 553) [49 FR 10250, Mar. 20, 1984, as amended at 64 FR 2832, Jan. 19, 1999; 64 FR 34533, June 28, 1999] PART 1616_STANDARD FOR THE FLAMMABILITY OF CHILDREN'S SLEEPWEAR: SIZES 7 THROUGH 14 (FF 5 74)--Table of Contents Subpart A_The Standard Sec. 1616.1 Scope and application. 1616.2 Definitions. 1616.3 General requirements. 1616.4 Sampling and acceptance procedures. 1616.5 Test procedure. 1616.6 Labeling requirements. Subpart B_Rules and Regulations 1616.31 Labeling, recordkeeping, retail display and guaranties. 1616.32 Method for establishment and use of alternate laundering procedures under section 5(c)(4)(ii) of the standard. 1616.35 Use of alternate apparatus, procedures, or criteria for testing under the standard. 1616.36 Use of alternate apparatus or procedures for tests for guaranty purposes. Subpart C_Interpretations and Policies 1616.61 Enforcement policy. 1616.62 Policy regarding retail display requirement for items. 1616.63 Policy regarding garment production unit identification. 1616.64 Policy regarding recordkeeping requirements. 1616.65 Policy scope of the standard. Source: 40 FR 59917, Dec. 30, 1975, unless otherwise noted. [[Page 848]] Subpart A_The Standard Authority: Sec. 429, Pub. L. 105-276; Sec. 4, 67 Stat. 112, as amended, 81 Stat. 569-570; 15 U.S.C. 1193. Sec. 1616.1 Scope and application. (a) This Standard provides a test method to determine the flammability of children's sleepwear, sizes 7 through 14 and fabric or related material intended or promoted for use in such children's sleepwear. (b) All sleepwear items as defined in Sec. 1616.2(c), are subject to the requirements of this Standard. (c) Children's sleepwear items which meet all the requirements of the Standard for the Flammability of Children's Sleepwear: Sizes 0 through 6X (FF 3-71) (subpart A of part 1615 of this chapter) are in compliance with this Standard. FF 3-71 was issued July 29, 1971 (36 FR 14062), and amended July 21, 1972 (37 FR 14624). (d) As used in this Standard, pass and fail refer to the test criteria for specimens while accept and reject refer to the acceptance or rejection of a production unit under the sampling plan. (e) The flammability standards for clothing textiles and vinyl plastic film, parts 1610 and 1611 of this chapter, are superseded by this part 1616 insofar as they apply to items defined in Sec. 1616.2(c). Sec. 1616.2 Definitions. In addition to the definitions given in section 2 of the Flammable Fabrics Act, as amended (15 U.S.C. 1191), the following definitions apply for purposes of this Standard: (a) Children's sleepwear means any product of wearing apparel size 7 through 14, such as nightgowns, pajamas, or similar or related items, such as robes, intended to be worn primarily for sleeping or activities related to sleeping, except: (1) Diapers and underwear; and (2) ``Tight-fitting garments'' as defined by section 1616.2(m), below. (b) Sizes 7 through 14 means the sizes defined as 7 through 14 in Department of Commerce Voluntary Product Standards PS 54-72 and PS 36- 70, previously identified as Commercial Standards, CS 153-48, ``Body Measurements for the Sizing of Girls' Apparel'' and CS 155-50, ``Body Measurements for the Sizing of Boys' Apparel'', respectively. \1\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ Copies available from the National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Street, Springfield VA 22151. The ordering number for PS 54-72 (CS 153-48), on girls' apparel sizing, is COM 73- 50603; the ordering number for PS 36-70 (CS 155-50), on boys' apparel sizing, is PB 86125648. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (c) Item means any product of children's sleepwear or any fabric of related material intended or promoted for use in children's sleepwear. (d) Trim means decorative materials, such as ribbons, laces, embroidery, or ornaments. This definition does not include (1) individual pieces less than 2 inches in their longest dimension, provided that such pieces do not constitute or cover in aggregate a total of more than 20 square inches of the item or (2) functional materials (findings), such as zippers, buttons or elastic bands, used in the construction of garments. (e) Test criteria means the average char length and the maximum char length which a sample of specimen may exhibit in order to pass an individual test. (f) Char length means the distance from the original lower edge of the specimen exposed to the flame in accordance with the procedure specified in Sec. 1616.5 Test procedure to the end of the tear or void in the charred, burned, or damaged area, the tear being made in accordance with the procedure specified in Sec. 1615.5(c)(2) Specimen burning and evaluation. (g) Afterglow means the continuation of glowing of parts of a specimen after flaming has ceased. (h) Fabric piece (piece) means a continuous, unseamed length of fabric, one or more of which make up a unit. (i) Fabric production unit (unit) means any quantity of finished fabric up to 4,600 linear m. (5,000 linear yds.) for Normal Sampling or 9,200 linear m. (10,000 linear yds.) for Reduced Sampling which has a specific identity that remains unchanged throughout the unit except for color or print pattern as specified in Sec. 1616.4(a). For purposes of this definition, finished fabric means [[Page 849]] fabric in its final form after completing its last processing step as a fabric except for slitting. (j) Garment production unit (unit) means any quantity of finished garments up to 500 dozen which have a specific identity that remains unchanged throughout the unit except for size, trim, findings, color, and print patterns as specified in Sec. 1616.4(a). (k) Sample means five test specimens. (l) Specimen means an 8.90.5 x 25.40.5 cm. (3.50.2 x 100.2 in.) section of fabric. For garment testing, the specimen will include a seam or trim. (m) Tight-fitting garment means a garment which: (1)(i) In each of the sizes listed below does not exceed the maximum dimension specified below for the chest, waist, seat, upper arm, thigh, wrist, or ankle: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Chest Waist Seat Upper arm Thigh Wrist Ankle ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Size 7 Boys \1\ Maximum dimension: Centimeters.................... 63.5 58.4 66 18.7 37.2 13.0 18.7 (inches)....................... (25) (23) (26) (7\3/8\) (14\5/8\) (5\1/8\) (7\3/8\) Size 7 Girls Maximum dimension: Centimeters.................... 63.5 58.4 67.3 18.7 38.7 13.0 18.7 (inches)....................... (25) (23) (26\1/2\) (7\3/8\) (15\1/4\) (5\1/8\) (7\3/8\) Size 8 Boys \1\ Maximum dimension: Centimeters.................... 66 59.7 67.3 19.4 38.4 13.3 19.1 (inches)....................... (26) (23\1/2\) (26\1/2\) (7\5/8\) (15\1/8\) (5\1/4\) (7\1/2\) Size 8 Girls Maximum dimension: Centimeters.................... 66 59.7 71.1 19.4 41.3 13.3 19.1 (inches)....................... (26) (23\1/2\) (28) (7\5/8\) (16\1/4\) (5\1/4\) (7\1/2\) Size 9 Boys \1\ Maximum dimension: Centimeters.................... 68.6 61.0 69.2 20 39.7 13.7 19.4 (inches)....................... (27) (24) (27\1/4\) (7\7/8\) (15\5/8\) (5\3/8\) (7\5/8\) Size 9 Girls Maximum dimension: Centimeters.................... 68.6 61.0 73.7 20 42.6 13.7 19.4 (inches)....................... (27) (24) (29) (7\7/8\) (16\3/4\) (5\3/8\) (7\5/8\) Size 10 Boys \1\ Maximum dimension: Centimeters.................... 71.1 62.2 71.1 20.6 41.0 14 19.7 (inches)....................... (28) (24\1/2\) (28) (8\1/8\) (16\1/8\) (5\1/2\) (7\3/4\) Size 10 Girls Maximum dimension: Centimeters.................... 71.1 62.2 76.2 20.6 43.8 14 19.7 (inches)....................... (28) (24\1/2\) (30) (8\1/8\) (17\1/4\) (5\1/2\) (7\3/4\) Size 11 Boys \1\ Maximum dimension: Centimeters.................... 73.7 63.5 73.7 21 42.2 14.3 20 (inches)....................... (29) (25) (29) (8\1/4\) (16\5/8\) (5\5/8\) (7\7/8\) Size 11 Girls Maximum dimension: Centimeters.................... 73.7 63.5 78.7 21 45.1 14.3 20 (inches)....................... (29) (25) (31) (8\1/4\) (17\3/4\) (5\5/8\) (7\7/8\) Size 12 Boys \1\ Maximum dimension: Centimeters.................... 76.2 64.8 76.2 21.6 43.5 14.6 20.3 (inches)....................... (30) (25\1/2\) (30) (8\1/2\) (17\1/8\) (5\3/4\) (8) Size 12 Girls Maximum dimension: Centimeters.................... 76.2 64.8 81.3 21.6 46.7 14.6 20.3 (inches)....................... (30) (25\1/2\) (32) (8\1/2\) (18\1/2\) (5\3/4\) (8) [[Page 850]] Size 13 Boys \1\ Maximum dimension: Centimeters.................... 78.7 66 78.7 22.2 44.8 14.9 20.6 (inches)....................... (31) (26) (31) (8\3/4\) (17\5/8\) (5\7/8\) (8\1/8\) Size 13 Girls Maximum dimension: Centimeters.................... 78.7 66 83.8 22.2 47.6 14.9 20.6 (inches)....................... (31) (26) (33) (8\3/4\) (18\3/4\) (5\7/8\) (8\1/8\) Size 14 Boys \1\ Maximum dimension: Centimeters.................... 81.3 67.3 81.3 22.9 46 15.2 21 (inches)....................... (32) (26\1/2\) (32) (9) (18\1/8\) (6) (8\1/4\) Size 14 Girls Maximum dimension: Centimeters.................... 81.3 67.3 86.4 22.9 49.5 15.2 21 (inches)....................... (32) (26\1/2\) (34) (9) (19\1/2\) (6) (8\1/4\) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ Garments not explicitly labeled and promoted for wear by girls must not exceed these maximum dimensions. (ii) Note: Measure the dimensions on the front of the garment. Lay garment, right side out, on a flat, horizontal surface. Smooth out wrinkles. Measure distances as specified below and multiply them by two. Measurements should be equal to or less than the maximum dimensions given in the standards. (A) Chest--measure distance from arm pit to arm pit (A to B) as in Diagram 1. (B) Waist--See Diagram 1. One-piece garment, measure at the narrowest location between arm pits and crotch (C to D). Two-piece garment, measure width at both the bottom/sweep of the upper piece (C to D) and, as in Diagram 3, the top of the lower piece (C to D). (C) Wrist--measure the width of the end of the sleeve (E to F), if intended to extend to the wrist, as in Diagram 1. (D) Upper arm--draw a straight line from waist/sweep D through arm pit B to G. Measure down the sleeve fold from G to H. Refer to table below for G to H distances for each size. Measure the upper arm of the garment (perpendicular to the fold) from H to I as shown in Diagram 1. [[Page 851]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR19JA99.017 Distance From Shoulder (G) to (H) for Upper Arm Measurement for Sizes 7 Through 14 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11.4 cm 11.7 cm 11.9 cm 12.5 cm 12.8 cm 13.1 cm 13.7 cm 14.2 cm 4\1/2\ 5\1/8\ eq> thn-eq> thn-eq> thn-eq> thn-eq> thn-eq> ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (E) Seat--Fold the front of the pant in half to find the bottom of the crotch at J as in Diagram 2. The crotch seam and inseam intersect at J. Mark point K on the crotch seam at 4 inches above and perpendicular to the bottom of the crotch. Unfold the garment as in Diagram 3. Measure the seat from L to M through K as shown. (F) Thigh--measure from the bottom of the crotch (J) 1 inch down the inseam to N as in Diagram 2. Unfold the garment and measure the thigh from the inseam at N to O as shown in Diagram 3. (G) Ankle--measure the width of the end of the leg (P to Q), if intended to extend to the ankle, as in Diagram 3. [[Page 852]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR19JA99.018 (2) Has no item of fabric, ornamentation or trim, such as lace, appliques, or ribbon, which extends more than 6 millimeters (\1/4\ inch) from the point of attachment to the outer surface of the garment; (3) Has sleeves which do not exceed the maximum dimension for the upper arm at any point between the upper arm and the wrist, and which diminish in width gradually from the top of the shoulder (point G in Diagram 1) to the wrist; (4) Has legs which do not exceed the maximum dimension for the thigh at any point between the thigh and the ankle, and which diminish gradually in width between the thigh and the ankle; (5) In the case of a one-piece garment, has a width which does not exceed the maximum dimension for the chest at any point between the chest and the waist and which diminishes gradually from the chest to the waist; and has a width which does not exceed the maximum dimension for the seat at any point between the seat and the waist and which diminishes gradually from the seat to the waist; (6) In the case of a two-piece garment, has an upper piece with a width which does not exceed the maximum distance for the chest at any point between the chest and the bottom of that piece and which diminishes gradually from the chest to the bottom of that piece; in the case of an upper piece with fastenings, has the lowest fastening within 15 centimeters (6 inches) of the bottom of that piece; (7) In the case of a two-piece garment, has a lower piece with a width which does not exceed the maximum dimension for the seat at any point between the seat and the top of the lower piece and which diminishes gradually from the seat to the top of that piece; (8) Complies with all applicable requirements of the Standard for the Flammability of Clothing Textiles (16 CFR part 1610) and the Standard for the [[Page 853]] Flammability of Vinyl Plastic Film (16 CFR part 1611); and (9) Bears a label stating the size of the garment; for example ``Size 7.'' If the label is not visible to the consumer when the garment is offered for sale at retail, the garment size must appear legibly on the package of the garment. Effective date: These amendments shall become effective on January 1, 1997, and shall be applicable to garments which are introduced into commerce on or after that date. (10)(i) Hangtags. Bears a hangtag as shown following this paragraph stating ``For child's safety, garment should fit snugly. This garment is not flame resistant. Loose-fitting garment is more likely to catch fire.'' The hangtag must measure 1\1/2\ x 6\1/4\. The text must be enclosed in a text box that measures 1 x 5\3/4\ and must be in 18 point Arial/Helvetica font. The hangtag must have a yellow background and black lettering. The color yellow must meet the specifications for Standard Safety Yellow (Hue 5.OY; Value/Chroma 8.0/12) as described in American National Standard ANSI Z535.1-1998, Safety Color Code, p.6, under Munsell Notation. \2\ One side of the hangtag must display only this message. The reverse side of the hangtag may display sizing information, but otherwise must be blank. The text must not be obscured by the hole provided for attaching the hangtag to the garment. The hangtag must be prominently displayed on the garment. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\ ANSI Z535.1-1998, Standard for Safety Color Code, p.6, published by National Electrical Manufacturers Association is incorporated by reference. Copies of this document are available from the National Electrical Manufacturers Association, 1300 N. 17th Street, Suite 1847, Rossylyn, Virginia 22209. This document is also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741- 6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/ code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. The incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR08SE99.003 (ii) Packages. If the garments are sold in packages, the package must have a label as shown following this paragraph with the same language that would appear on the hangtag. The label must have a text box that measures \3/4\ x 3\3/4\. The text must be 11 point Arial/ Helvetica in black lettering against a yellow background. The packages must be prominently, conspicuously, and legibly labeled with the required message. The package label may be adhesive. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR08SE99.004 [[Page 854]] (11) Bears a label as shown following this paragraph stating ``Wear Snug-fitting, Not Flame Resistant.'' The text must be printed on the front of the sizing label located on the center back of the garment and must be immediately below the size designation. The text must be a minimum of 5 point sans serif font in all capital letters and must be set apart from other label text by a line border. The text must contrast with the background color of the label. The label must not be covered by any other label or tag. [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR08SE99.005 [40 FR 59917, Dec. 30, 1975, as amended at 50 FR 53307, Dec. 31, 1985; 61 FR 47646, Sept. 9, 1996; 64 FR 2841, Jan. 19, 1999; 64 FR 34535, June 28, 1999; 64 FR 48705, Sept. 8, 1999; 64 FR 61021, Nov. 9, 1999] Sec. 1616.3 General requirements. (a) Summary of test method. Conditioned specimens are suspended one at a time vertically in holders in a prescribed cabinet and subjected to a standard flame along their bottom edges for a specified time under controlled conditions. The char lengths are recorded. (b) Test criteria. The test criteria when the testing is done in accordance with Sec. 1616.4 Sampling and acceptance procedures and Sec. 1616.5 Test procedures are: (1) Average char length. The average char length of five specimens shall not exceed 17.8 cm. (7.0 in.). (2) Full-specimen burn. No individual specimen shall have a char length of 25.40.5 cm. (100.2 in.). (c) Details of the number of specimens which must meet the above test criteria for unit acceptance is specified in Sec. 1616.4. Sec. 1616.4 Sampling and acceptance procedures. (a) General. (1) The test criteria of Sec. 1616.3(b) shall be used in conjunction with the following fabric and garment sampling plan. The Consumer Product Safety Commission may consider and approve other sampling plans that provide at least the equivalent level of fire safety to the consumer, provided such alternate sampling plans have operating characteristics such that the probability of unit acceptance at any percentage defective does not exceed the corresponding probability of unit acceptance of the following sampling plan in the region of the latter's operating characteristic curves that lies between 5 and 95 percent acceptance probability. Alternate sampling plans approved for one manufacturer may be used by other manufacturers without prior Consumer Product Safety Commission approval. (2) Different colors or different print patterns of the same fabric may be included in a single fabric or garment production unit, provided such colors or print patterns demonstrate char lengths that are not significantly different from each other as determined by previous testing of at least three samples from each color or print pattern to be included in the unit. (3) Garments with different trim and findings may be included in a single garment production unit provided the other garment characteristics are identical except for size, color, and print pattern. (4) For fabrics whose flammability characteristics are not dependent on chemical additives or chemical reactants to polymer, fiber, yarns, or fabrics, the laundering requirement of Sec. 1616.5(c)(4) is met on subsequent fabric production units if results of testing an [[Page 855]] initial fabric production unit demonstrate acceptability according to the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section, Normal sampling, both before and after the appropriate laundering. (5) If the fabric has been shown to meet the laundering requirement, Sec. 1616.5(c)(4), the garments produced from that fabric are not required to be laundered prior to testing. (6) Each sample (five specimens), for Fabric Sampling shall be selected so that two specimens are in one fabric direction (machine or cross-machine) and three specimens are in the other fabric direction, except for the additional sample selected after a failure, in which case all five specimens shall be selected in the fabric direction in which the specimen failure occurred. (7) Fabric samples may be selected from fabric as outlined in paragraph (b) of this section, Fabric sampling or, for verification purposes, from randomly selected garments. (8) Multi-layer fabrics shall be tested with a hem of approximately 2.5 cm. (1 in.) sewn at the bottom edge of the specimen with a suitable thread and stitch. The specimen shall include each of the components over its entire length. Garments manufactured from multi-layer fabrics shall be tested with the edge finish which is used in the garment at the bottom edge of the specimen. (b) Fabric sampling. A fabric production unit (unit) is either accepted or rejected in accordance with the following plan: (1) Normal sampling. Select one sample from the beginning of the first fabric piece (piece) in the unit and one sample from the end of the last piece in the unit, or select a sample from each end of the piece if the unit is made up of only one piece. Test the two selected samples. If both samples meet all the test criteria of Sec. 1616.3(b), accept the unit. If either or both of the samples fail the 17.8 cm. (7.0 in.) average char length criterion, Sec. 1616.3(b)(1), reject the unit. If two or more of the individual specimens, from the 10 selected specimens, fail the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length criterion, Sec. 1616.3(b)(2), reject the unit. If only one individual specimen, from the 10 selected specimens, fails the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length criterion, Sec. 1616.3(b)(2), select five additional specimens from the same end of the piece in which the failure occurred, all five to be taken in the fabric direction in which the specimen failure occurred. If this additional sample passes all the test criteria, accept the unit. If this additional sample fails any part of the test criteria, reject the unit. (2) Reduced sampling. (i) The level of sampling required for fabric acceptance may be reduced provided the preceding 15 units of the fabric have all been accepted using the Normal Sampling Plan. (ii) The reduced Sampling Plan shall be the same as for Normal Sampling except that the quantity of fabric in the unit may be increased to 9,200 linear m. (10,000 linear yds.) (iii) Select and test two samples in the same manner as in Normal Sampling. Accept or reject the unit on the same basis as with Normal Sampling. (iv) Reduced Sampling shall be discontinued and Normal Sampling resumed if a unit is rejected. (3) Tightened sampling. Tightened sampling shall be used when a unit is rejected under the Normal Sampling Plan. The Tightened Sampling shall be the same as Normal Sampling except that one additional sample shall be selected and cut from a middle piece in the unit. If the unit is made up of less than two pieces, the unit shall be divided into at least two pieces. The division shall be such that the pieces produced by the division shall not be smaller than 92 linear m. (100 linear yds.) or greater than 2,300 linear m. (2,500 linear yds.). If the unit is made up of two pieces, the additional sample shall be selected from the interior end of one of the pieces. Test the three selected samples. If all three selected samples meet all the test criteria of Sec. 1616.3(b), accept the unit. If one or more of the three selected samples fail the 17.8 cm. (7.0 in.) average char length criterion, Sec. 1616.3(b)(1), reject the unit. If two or more of the individual specimens, from the 15 selected specimens, fail the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length criterion, Sec. 1616.3(b)(2), reject the unit. If only one individual specimen, from the 15 selected specimens, fails the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length [[Page 856]] criterion, Sec. 1616.3(b)(2), select five additional specimens from the same end of the same piece in which the failure occurred, all five to be taken in the fabric direction in which the specimen failure occurred. If this additional sample passes all the test criteria, accept the unit. If this additional sample fails any part of the test criteria, reject the unit. Tightened Sampling may be discontinued and Normal Sampling resumed after five consecutive units have all been accepted using Tightened Sampling. If Tightened Sampling remains in effect for 15 consecutive units, production of the specific fabric in Tightened Sampling must be discontinued until that part of the process or component which is causing failure has been identified and the quality of the end product has been improved. (4) Disposition of rejected units. (i) The piece or pieces which have failed and resulted in the initial rejection of the unit may not be retested, used, or promoted for use in children's sleepwear as defined in Sec. Sec. 1616.2(a) and 1615.1(a) of the (Standard for the Flammability of Children's Sleepwear: Sizes 0 through 6X) (FF 3-71) (subpart A of part 1615 of this chapter) except after reworking to improve the flammability characteristics and subsequent retesting and acceptance in accordance with the procedures in Tightened Sampling. (ii) The remainder of a rejected unit, after removing the piece or pieces, the failure of which resulted in unit rejection, may be accepted if the following test plan is successfully concluded at all required locations. The required locations are those adjacent to each such failed piece. (Required locations exist on both sides of the ``Middle Piece'' tested in Tightened Sampling if failure of that piece resulted in unit rejection). Failure of a piece shall be deemed to have resulted in unit rejection if unit rejection occurred and a sample or specimen from the piece failed any test criterion of Sec. 1616.3(b). (iii) The unit should contain at least 15 pieces for disposition testing after removing the failing pieces. If necessary for this purpose, the unit shall be demarcated into at least 15 approximately equal length pieces unless such division results in pieces shorter than 92 linear m. (100 linear yds.). In this latter case, the unit shall be demarcated into roughly equal length pieces of approximately 92 linear m. (100 linear yds.) each. If such a division results in five pieces or less in the unit for each failing piece after removing the failing pieces, only the individual pieces retest procedure [described in paragraph (b)(4)(vi) of this section] may be used. (iv) Select and cut a sample from each end of each adjoining piece beginning adjacent to the piece which failed. Test the two samples from the piece. If both samples meet all the test criteria of Sec. 1616.3(b), the piece is acceptable. If one or both of the two selected samples fail the 17.8 cm. (7.0 in.) average char length criterion, Sec. 1616.3(b)(1), the piece is unacceptable. If two or more of the individual specimens, from the 10 selected specimens, fail the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length criterion, Sec. 1616.3(b)(2), the piece is unacceptable. If only one individual specimen, from the 10 selected specimens, fails the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length criterion, Sec. 1616.3(b)(2), select five additional specimens from the same end of the piece in which the failure occurred, all five to be taken in the fabric direction in which the specimen failure occurred. If this additional sample passes all the test criteria, the piece is acceptable. If this additional sample fails any part of the test criteria, the piece is unacceptable. (v) Continue testing adjoining pieces until a piece has been found acceptable. Then continue testing adjoining pieces until three successive adjoining pieces, not including the first acceptable piece, have been found acceptable or until five such pieces, not including the first acceptable piece, have been tested, whichever occurs sooner. Unless three successive adjoining pieces have been found acceptable among five such pieces, testing shall be stopped and the entire unit rejected without further testing. If three successive pieces have been found acceptable among five such pieces, accept the three successive acceptable pieces and the remaining pieces in the unit. (vi)(A) Alternately, individual pieces from a rejected unit containing three or more pieces may be tested and accepted or rejected on a piece by piece basis according to the following plan, [[Page 857]] after removing the piece or pieces, the failure of which resulted in unit rejection. (B) Select four samples (two from each end) from the piece. Test the four selected samples. If all four samples meet all the test criteria of Sec. 1616.3(b), accept the piece. If one or more of the samples fail the 17.8 cm. (7.0 in.) average char length criterion, Sec. 1616.3(b)(1), reject the piece. If two or more of the individual specimens, from the 20 selected specimens, fail the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length criterion, Sec. 1616.3(b)(2), reject the piece. If only one individual specimen, from the 20 selected specimens, fails the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length criterion, Sec. 1613.3(b)(2), select two additional samples from the same end of the piece in which the failure occurred. If these additional two samples meet all the test criteria of Sec. 1616.3(b), accept the piece. If one or both of the two additional samples fail any part of the test criteria, reject the piece. (vii) The pieces of a unit rejected after retesting may not be retested, used, or promoted for use in children's sleepwear as defined in Sec. Sec. 1616.2(a) and 1615.1(a) of the Standard for the Flammability of Children's Sleepwear: Sizes 0 through 6X (FF 3-71) (subpart A of part 1615 of this chapter) except after reworking to improve the flammability characteristics, and subsequent retesting in accordance with the procedures set forth in Tightened Sampling. (5) Records. Written and physical records related to all tests performed under this Standard must be maintained by the manufacturer, importer, or other persons initially introducing items into commerce which are subject to this Standard, beginning on the effective date of the Standard. Such records shall include results of all tests, sizes of all units, and the disposition of all rejected pieces and units. Rules and regulations regarding recordkeeping may be established by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (c) Garment sampling. (1)(i) The Garment Sampling Plan is made up of two parts: (A) Prototype Testing and (B) Production Testing. Prior to production, prototypes must be tested to assure that the design characteristics of the garment are acceptable. Garment production units (units) are then accepted or rejected on an individual unit basis. (ii) Edge finishes such as hems, except in multi-layer fabrics, and binding are excluded from testing except that when trim is used on an edge the trim must be subjected to prototype testing. Seams attaching bindings are excluded from testing. (2) Prototype testing. Pre-production prototype testing of each seam and trim specification to be included in each garment in a garment production unit shall be conducted to assure that garment specifications meet the flammability requirements of the Standard prior to production. (i) Seams. Make three samples (15 specimens) using the longest seam type and three samples using each other seam type 10 inches or longer that is to be included in the garment. For purposes of recordkeeping, prior to testing, assign each specimen to one of the three samples. Test each set of three samples and accept or reject each seam design in accordance with the following plan: (A) If all three samples meet all the test criteria of Sec. 1616.3(b), accept the seam design. If one or more of the three samples fail the 17.8 cm. (7.0 in.) average char length criterion, Sec. 1616.3(b)(1), reject the seam design. If three or more of the individual specimens from the 15 selected specimens fail the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length criterion, Sec. 1616.3(b)(2), reject the seam design. If only one of the individual specimens from the 15 selected specimens fails the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length criterion, Sec. 1616.3(b)(2), accept the seam design. (B) If two of the individual specimens; from the 15 selected specimens, fail the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length criterion, Sec. 1616.3(b)(2), select three more samples (15 specimens) and retest. If all three additional samples meet all the test criteria of Sec. 1616.3(b), accept the seam design. If one or more of the three additional samples fail the 17.8 cm. (7.0 in.) average char length criterion, Sec. 1616.3(b)(1), reject the seam design. If two or more of the individual specimens, from the 15 selected additional specimens, fail the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length criterion, Sec. 1616.3(b)(2), reject the seam design. If only one of [[Page 858]] the individual specimens, from the 15 selected additional specimens, fails the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length criterion, Sec. 1616.3(b)(2), accept the seam design. (ii) Trim. (A) Make three samples (15 specimens) from each type of trim to be included in the garment. For trim used only in a horizontal configuration on the garment, specimens shall be prepared by sewing or attaching the trim horizontally to the bottom edge of an appropriate section of untrimmed fabric. Sleeve and necking trim may not be tested in this manner. Where more than one row of trim is used on the garment, specimens shall be prepared with the same configuration (same number of rows and spacing between rows up to the limit of the specimen size) as the garment. For trim used in other than a horizontal configuration, specimens shall be prepared by sewing or attaching the trim to the center of the vertical axis of an appropriate section of untrimmed fabric, beginning the sewing or attachment at the lower edge of each specimen. For either configuration, the sewing or attachment shall be made in the manner in which the trim is attached in the garment. (B) Sewing or otherwise attaching the trim shall be done with thread or fastening material of the same composition and size to be used for this purpose in the garment and using the same stitching or seamtype. Trim used in the horizontal configuration shall be sewn or fastened the entire width (smaller dimension) of the specimen. Trim used in other than the horizontal configuration shall be sewn or fastened the entire length (longer dimension) of the specimen. Prior to testing, assign each specimen to one of the three samples. Test the sets of three samples and accept or reject the type of trim and design on the same basis as seam design. A type of trim and design accepted when tested in a vertical configuration, may be used in a horizontal configuration without further testing. (3) Production testing. A unit is either accepted or rejected according to the following plan: (i) Normal sampling. (A) From each unit, select at random sufficient garments and cut three samples (15 specimens) from the longest seam type. No more than five specimens may be cut from a single garment. Prior to testing, assign each specimen to one of the three samples. All specimens cut from a single garment must be included in the same sample. Test the three selected samples. If all three samples meet all the test criteria of Sec. 1616.3(b), accept the unit. If one or more of the three samples fail the 17.8 cm. (7.0 in.) average char length criterion, Sec. 1616.3(b)(1), reject the unit. If four or more of the individual specimens, from the 15 selected specimens, fail the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length criterion, Sec. 1616.3(b)(2), reject the unit. If three or less of the individual specimens, from the 15 selected specimens, fail the 25.4 cm. (10 in.) char length criterion, Sec. 1616.3(b)(2), accept the unit. (B) If the garment under test does not have a seam at least 10 inches long in the largest size in which it is produced, the following selection and testing procedure shall be followed: (1) Select and cut specimens 8.9 cm. (3.5 in.) wide by the maximum available seam length, with the seam in the center of the specimen and extending the entire specimen length. Cut three samples (15 specimens). These specimens shall be placed in specimen holders so that the bottom edge is even with the bottom edge of the specimen holder and the seam begins in the center of the bottom edge. Prior to testing, assign each specimen to one of the three samples. All specimens cut from a single garment must be included in the same sample. (2) Test the three samples. If all three samples pass the 17.8 cm. (7.0 in.) average char length criterion, Sec. 1616.3(b)(1), and if three or fewer individual specimens fail by charring the entire specimen length, accept the unit. If the unit is not accepted in the above test, three samples (15 specimens) of the longest seam type shall be made using fabric and thread from production inventory and sewn on production machines by production operators. The individual fabric sections prior to sewing must be no larger than 20.3 x 63.3 cm. (8 x 25 in.) and must be selected from more than one area of the base fabric. Test the three prepared samples. Accept or reject the unit as described previously in this subsection. [[Page 859]] (ii) Reduced sampling. (A) The level of sampling required for garment acceptance may be reduced provided the previous 15 units of the garments have all been accepted using the Normal Sampling Plan. The Reduced Sampling Plan shall be the same as for Normal Sampling except that the quantity of garments under test may be increased to up to two production units containing garments which have the same specific identity except for size, trim, findings, color, and print patterns as specified in paragraph (a) of this section. (B) Select and test three samples in the same manner as in Normal Sampling. Accept or reject both units on the same basis as with Normal Sampling. Reduced Sampling shall be discontinued and Normal Sampling resumed if a unit is rejected. (4) Disposition of rejected units. Rejected units shall not be retested, used, or promoted for use in children's sleepwear as defined in Sec. Sec. 1616.2(a) and 1615.1(a) of the Standard for the Flammability of Children's Sleepwear: Sizes 0 through 6X (FF 3-71) (subpart A of part 1615 of this chapter) except after reworking to improve the flammability characteristics and subsequent retesting in accordance with the procedures set forth in Garment production testing [Paragraph (c)(3) of this section]. (5) Records. Written and physical records related to all tests performed under this Standard must be maintained by the manufacturer, importer, or other persons initially introducing items into commerce which are subject to this Standard, beginning on the effective date of this Standard. Such records shall include results of all tests, sizes of all units, and the disposition of all rejected pieces and units. Rules and regulations regarding recordkeeping may be established by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (d) Compliance market sampling plan. Sampling plans for use in market testing of items covered by this Standard may be issued by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Such plans shall define noncompliance of a production unit to exist only when it is shown, with a high level of statistical confidence, those production units represented by tested items which fail such plans will, in fact, fail this Standards. Production units found to be noncomplying under the provisions of paragraph (d) of this section, shall be deemed not to conform to this Standard. The Consumer Product Safety Commission may publish such plans in the Federal Register. (Sec. 30(d), (15 U.S.C. 2079(b)), 86 Stat. 1231) [40 FR 59917, Dec. 30, 1975, as amended at 43 FR 4855, Feb. 6, 1978] Sec. 1616.5 Test procedure. (a) Apparatus. The following test apparatus shall be used for the test. Alternate test apparatus may be used only with prior approval of the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (1) Test chamber. The test chamber shall be a steel cabinet with inside dimensions of 32.9 cm. (12\15/16\ in.) wide, 32.9 cm. (12\15/16\ in.) deep and 76.2 cm. (30 in.) high. It shall have a frame which permits the suspension of the specimen holder over the center of the base of the cabinet at such a height that the bottom of the specimen is 1.7 cm. (\3/4\ in.) above the highest point of the barrel of the gas burner specified in paragraph (a)(3) of this section, Burner and perpendicular to the front of the cabinet. The front of the cabinet shall be a close-fitting door with a transparent insert to permit observation of the entire test. The cabinet floor may be covered with a piece of asbestos paper, whose length and width are approximately 2.5 cm. (1 in.) less than the cabinet floor dimensions. The cabinet to be used in this test method is illustrated in Figure 1 and detailed in Engineering Drawings, Numbers 1 through 7. [[Page 860]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.089 [[Page 861]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.090 [[Page 862]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.091 [[Page 863]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.092 [[Page 864]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.093 [[Page 865]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.094 [[Page 866]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.095 [[Page 867]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.096 (2) Specimen holder. The specimen holder to be used in this test method is detailed in Engineering Drawing Number 7. It is designed to permit suspension of the specimen in a fixed vertical position and to prevent curling of the specimen when the flame is applied. The specimen shall be fixed between the plates, which shall be held together with side clamps. (3) Burner. The burner shall be the same as that illustrated in Figure 1 and detailed in Engineering Drawing Number 6. It shall have a tube of 1.1 cm. (0.43 in.) inside diameter. The input line to the burner shall be equipped [[Page 868]] with a needle valve. It shall have a variable orifice to adjust the height of the flame. The barrel of the burner shall be at an angle of 25 degrees from the vertical. The burner may be equipped with an adjustable stop collar so that it may be positioned quickly under the test specimen. The burner shall be connected to the gas source by rubber or other flexible tubing. (4) Gas supply system. There shall be a pressure regulator to furnish gas to the burner under a pressure of 103-259 mm. Hg. (2-5 lbs. per sq. in.) at the burner inlet. (Caution. Precautionary laboratory practices must be followed to prevent the leakage of methane. Methane is a flammable gas which can be explosive when mixed with air and exposed to a source of ignition, and can cause asphyxiation because of the lack of air.) (5) Gas. The gas shall be at least 97 percent pure methane. (6) Hooks and weights. Metal hooks and weights shall be used to produce a series of loads for char length determinations. Suitable metal hooks consist of No. 19 gauge steel wire, or equivalent, made from 7.6 cm. (3 in.) lengths of the wire, bent 1.3 cm. (0.5 in.) from one end to a 45-degree angle hook. The longer end of the wire is fastened around the neck of the weight to be used and the other in the lower end of each burned specimen to one side of the burned area. The requisite loads are given in table 1. Table 1--Original Fabric Weight \1\ ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Loads Grams per square meter Ounces per square yard ----------------- Grams Pounds ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Less than 101 Less than 3 54.4 0.12 101 to 207 3 to 6 113.4 .25 207 to 338 6 to 10 226.8 .50 Greater than 338 Greater than 10 340.2 .75 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ \1\ Weight of the original fabric, containing no seams or trim, is calculated from the weight of a specimen which has been conditioned for at least 8 hr at 211.1 [deg]C (702 [deg]F) and 652 pct relative humidity. Shorter conditioning times may be used if the change in weight of a specimen in successive weighings made at intervals of not less than 2 hr does not exceed 0.2 pct of the weight of the specimen. (7) Stopwatch. A stopwatch or similar timing device shall be used to measure time to 0.1 second. (8) Scale. A linear scale graduated in mm. or 0.1-inch divisions shall be used to measure char length. (9) Circulating air oven. A forced circulation drying oven capable of maintaining the specimen at 1052.8 [deg]C. (2215 [deg]F.), shall be used to dry the specimen while mounted in the specimen holders. \3\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \3\ Procedure 1(1.1.1) of ASTM D 2654-71 ``Standard Methods of Test for moisture content and moisture regain of textile material,'' describes a satisfactory oven (1972 Book of ASTM Standards, part 24, published by the American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 19103). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (10) Desiccator. An air-tight and moisture-tight desiccating chamber shall be used for cooling mounted specimens after drying. Anhydrous silica gel with an indicator shall be used as the desiccant in the desiccating chamber. Replace or reactivate the desiccant when it becomes inactive. (11) Hood. A hood or other suitable enclosure shall be used to provide a draft-protected environment surrounding the test chamber without restricting the availability of air. This enclosure shall have a fan or other suitable means for exhausting smoke and/or toxic gases produced by testing. (12) Extinguishing plates. Extinguishing plates shall be used to extinguish afterglow. The plates shall be metal, approximately 35.6 cm. x 5.1 cm. (14 x 2 in.) which fit within the opening of the specimen holder. The bottom plate shall be the thickness of the specimen holder and the top plate shall be at least 0.32 cm. (\1/8\ in.) thick. A suitable metal specimen mounting block may be used for the bottom plate. (b) Mounting and conditioning of specimens. (1) The specimens shall be placed in specimen holders so that the bottom edge of each specimen is even with the bottom of the specimen holder. Mount the specimen in as close to a flat configuration as possible. The sides of the specimen holder shall cover 1.9 cm. (\3/4\ in.) of the specimen width along each long edge of the specimen, and thus shall expose 5.1 cm. (2 in.) of the specimen width. The sides of the specimen holder shall be clamped with a sufficient number of clamps or shall be taped to prevent the specimen from being displaced during handling and testing. The specimens may be taped in the holders if the clamps fail to hold [[Page 869]] them. Place the mounted specimens in the drying oven in a manner that will permit free circulation of air at 105 [deg]C. (221 [deg]F.) around them for 30 minutes. \4\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \4\ If the specimens are moist when received, permit them to air dry in laboratory conditions prior to placement in the oven. A satisfactory preconditioning procedure may be found in ASTM D 1776-67, ``Conditioning Textiles and Textile Products for Testing''. (1972 Book of ASTM Standards, part 24, published by the American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19103.) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (2) Remove the mounted specimens from the oven and place them in the desiccator for 30 minutes to cool. No more than five specimens shall be placed in a desiccator at one time. Specimens shall remain in the desiccator no more than 60 minutes. (c) Testing--(1) Burner adjustment. With the hood fan turned off, use the needle valve to adjust the flame height of the burner to 3.8 cm. (1\1/2\ in.) above the highest point of the barrel of the burner. A suitable height indicator is shown in Engineering Drawing Number 6 and Figure 1. (2) Specimen burning and evaluation. (i) One at a time, the mounted specimens shall be removed from the desiccator and suspended in the cabinet for testing. The cabinet door shall be closed and the burner flame impinged on the bottom edge of the specimen for 3.00.2 seconds. \5\ Flame impingement is accomplished by moving the burner under the specimen for this length of time, and then removing it. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \5\ If more than 30 seconds elapse between removal of a specimen from the desiccator and the initial flame impingement, that specimen shall be reconditioned prior to testing. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (ii) When flaming has ceased, remove the specimen from the cabinet, except for specimens which exhibit afterglow. If afterglow is evident, the specimen shall be removed from the cabinet 1 minute after the burner flame is impinged on the specimen if no flaming exists at that time. Upon removal from the cabinet, the afterglow shall be promptly extinguished. The afterglow shall be extinguished by placing the specimen while still in the specimen holder on the bottom extinguishing plate and immediately covering it with the top plate until all evidence of afterglow has ceased. After removing the specimen from the cabinet and, if appropriate, extinguishing afterglow, remove it from the holder and place it on a flat clean surface. Fold the specimen lengthwise along a line through the highest peak of the charred or melted area; crease the specimen firmly by hand. Unfold the specimen and insert the hook with the correct weight as shown in table 1 in the specimen on one side of the charred area 6.4 mm. (\1/4\ in.) from the lower edge. Tear the specimen by grasping the other lower corner of the fabric and gently raising the specimen and weight clear of the supporting surface. \6\ Measure the char length as the distance from the end of the tear to the original lower edge of the specimen exposed to the flame. After testing each specimen, vent the hood and cabinet to remove the smoke and/or toxic gases. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \6\ A figure showing how this is done is given in AATCC Test method 34-1969, ``Fire Resistance of Textile Fabrics,'' Technical Manual of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, Vol. 46, 1970, published by AATCC, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (3) Report. Report the value of char length, in centimeters (or inches), for each specimen, as well as the average char length for each set of five specimens. (4) Laundering. (i) The procedures described under Sec. Sec. 1616.4 Sampling and acceptance procedures, 1616.5(b) Conditioning and mounting of specimens, and 1616.5(c) Testing shall be carried out on finished items (as produced or after one washing and drying) and after they have been washed and dried 50 times in accordance with sections 8.2.2, 8.2.3, and 8.3.1(A) of AATCC Test Method 124-1996 ``Appearance of Fabrics after Repeated Home Laundering,'' Technical Manual of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, vol. 73, 1997, which is incorporated by reference. Copies of this document are available from the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. This document is also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202- 741-6030, or [[Page 870]] go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/ code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. Items which do not withstand 50 launderings shall be tested at the end of their useful service life with prior approval of the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (ii) Washing shall be performed in accordance with sections 8.2.2 and 8.2.3 of AATCC Test Method 124-1996, using wash temperature V (60[deg] 3 [deg]C, 140[deg] 5 [deg]F) specified in Table II of that method, and the water level, agitator speed, washing time, spin speed and final spin cycle specified for ``Normal/Cotton Sturdy'' in Table III. A maximum washer load shall be 3.64 Kg (8 pounds) and may consist of any combination of test samples and dummy pieces. Drying shall be performed in accordance with section 8.3.1(A) of that test method, Tumble Dry, using the exhaust temperature (66[deg] 5 [deg]C, 150[deg] 10 [deg]F) and cool down time of 10 minutes specified in the ``Durable Press'' conditions of Table IV. Alternatively, a different number of times under another washing and drying procedure may be specified and used, if that procedure has previously been found to be equivalent by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Such laundering is not required of items which are not intended to be laundered, as determined by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (iii) Items which are not susceptible to being laundered and are labeled ``dry-clean only'' shall be dry-cleaned by a procedure which has previously been found to be acceptable by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (iv) For the purpose of the issuance of a guarantee under section 8 of the act, finished sleepwear garments to be tested according to Sec. 1616.4(c) Garment sampling, need not be laundered or dry-cleaned provided all fabrics used in making the garments (except trim) have been guaranteed by the fabric producer to be acceptable when tested according to Sec. 1616.4(b) Fabric sampling. [40 FR 59917, Dec. 30, 1975; 41 FR 1061, Jan. 6, 1976, as amended at 46 FR 63252, Dec. 31, 1981; 64 FR 34538, June 28, 1999; 64 FR 61021, Nov. 9, 1999; 65 FR 12928, Mar. 10, 2000] Sec. 1616.6 Labeling requirements. (a) All items of children's sleepwear shall be labeled with precautionary instructions to protect the items from agents or treatments which are known to cause significant deterioration of their flame resistance. If the item has been initially tested under Sec. 1616.5(c)(4) Laundering, after one washing and drying, it shall be labeled with instructions to wash before wearing. Such labels shall be permanent and otherwise in accordance with rules and regulations established by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (b) [Reserved] [40 FR 59917, Dec. 30, 1975, as amended at 61 FR 1117, Jan. 16, 1996] Subpart B_Rules and Regulations Authority: Sec. 5, 67 Stat. 112-13, as amended 81 Stat. 571; 15 U.S.C. 1194. Sec. 1616.31 Labeling, recordkeeping, retail display and guaranties. (a) Definitions. For the purpose of this section, the following definitions apply: (1) Standard means the Standard for the Flammability of Children's Sleepwear: Sizes 7 through 14 (FF 5-74) (subpart A of part 1616 of this chapter) promulgated by the Consumer Product Safety Commission in the Federal Register of May 1, 1974 (39 FR 15214), and amended in the Federal Register of March 21, 1975 (40 FR 12811) (correction notice published for technical reasons on March 27, 1975, 40 FR 13547). (2) Children's sleepwear means ``children's sleepwear'' as defined in Sec. 1616.2(a) of the Standard, that is, ``any product of wearing apparel size 7 through 14, such as nightgowns, pajamas, or similar or related items, such as robes, intended to be worn primarily for sleeping or activities related to sleeping. Diapers and underwear are excluded from this definition.'' (3) Item means ``item'' as defined in Sec. 1616.2(c) of the Standard, that is, ``any product of children's sleepwear or any fabric or related material intended or promoted for use in children's sleepwear.'' (4) Market or handle means any one or more of the transactions set forth in [[Page 871]] section 3 of the Flammable Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C. 1192). (5) The definition of terms set forth in Sec. 1616.2 of the Standard shall also apply to this section. (b) Labeling. (1) Where any agent or treatment is known to cause deterioration of flame resistance or otherwise causes an item to be less flame resistant, such item shall be prominently, permanently, conspicuously, and legibly labeled with precautionary care and treatment instructions to protect the item from such agent or treatment; Provided: (i) Where items required to be labeled in accordance with this paragraph are marketed at retail in packages, and the required label is not readily visible to the prospective purchaser, the packages must also be prominently, conspicuously, and legibly labeled with the required information, and (ii) Where items are required to be labeled in accordance with this paragraph, the precautionary care and treatment instructions may appear on the reverse side of the permanent label if (A) The precautionary care and treatment instructions are legible, prominent and conspicuous, and (B) The phrase ``Care Instructions On Reverse'' or the equivalent appears permanently, prominently, conspicuously, and legibly on the side of the permanent label that is visible to the prospective purchaser when the item is marketed at retail, and (C) The item which is so labeled is marketed at retail in such a manner that the prospective purchaser is able to manipulate the label so the entire text of the precautionary care and treatment instructions is visible and legible; however, where the label cannot be manipulated so the instructions are visible to the prospective purchaser and legible, the package must also be prominently, conspicuously and legibly labeled with the required precautionary care and treatment information or such information must appear prominently, conspicuously and legibly on a hang tag attached to the item. (2) If the item has been initially tested under Sec. 1616.5(c)(4) of the Standard after one washing and drying, it shall be prominently, permanently, conspicuously and legibly labeled with instructions to wash before wearing. (3) Where any fabric or related material intended or promoted for use in children's sleepwear subject to the Standard is sold or intended for sale to the ultimate consumer for the purpose of conversion into children's sleepwear, each bolt, roll, or other unit shall be labeled with the information required by this section. Each item or fabric or related material sold to an ultimate consumer must be accompanied by a label, as prescribed by this section, which can by normal household methods be permanently affixed by the ultimate consumer to any item of children's sleepwear made from such fabric or related material. (4)(i) Where items required to be labeled in accordance with paragraphs (b)(2), and/or, (b)(3) of this section and fabrics required to be labeled or stamped in accordance with paragraph (b)(7) of this section are marketed at retail in packages, and the required label or stamp is not readily visible to the prospective purchaser, the packages must also be prominently, conspicuously, and legibly labeled with the required information. (ii) Where garments required to be labeled or stamped in accordance with paragraph (b)(7) of this section are marketed at retail in packages, and the required label or stamp is not readily visible to the prospective purchaser: (A) The packages must also be prominently, conspicuously, and legibly labeled with the information required by paragraph (b)(7) of this section; or (B) There must be a garment style identification that is prominent, conspicuous, and legible and readily visible to the prospective purchaser, either on a label or hang tag attached to the garment design or on the garment packages. A style is a garment design or grouping, preselected by the manufacturer. A style may be composed of garments that form all or part of one or more GPU's and the style may include any number of garments the manufacturer chooses. Style identification means any numbers, letters, or combination thereof that are sufficient to identify the garments of the style and may include information such as [[Page 872]] color, season or size. If this option B is selected, in any recall of noncomplying items from a particular GPU. (1) The garment manufacturer must recall the entire style(s) from all customers who purchased garments of the style(s) of which the GPU is part. However, retailers may elect to return only garments from the particular GPU necessitating the recall rather than the entire style(s) or portions of style(s) being recalled; and (2) Within 48 hours of a written request, the garment manufacturer must supply to the Commission any samples in its possession of garments from the GPU, as requested. As required of all persons subject to this section, the garment manufacturer must also, within the time requested, supply to the Commission the names of any customers who purchased during a specified period of time, garments from the GPU (or the style(s) of which the GPU is a part) and supply access to all records required under the Standard and this section. (5) Samples, swatches, or specimens used to promote or effect the sale of items subject to the Standard shall be labeled in accordance with this section with the information required by this section: Except that such information may appear on accompanying promotional materials attached to fabric samples, swatches or specimens used to promote the sale of fabrics to garment manufacturers. This requirement shall not apply, however, to samples, swatches, or specimens prominently, permanently, conspicuously, truthfully and legibly labeled: ``Flammable, Sample only. Not for use or resale. Does not meet Standard for the Flammability of Children's Sleepwear; Sizes 7 through 14 (FF 5-74).'' (6) [Reserved] (7) Every manufacturer, importer, or other person (such as a converter) initially introducing items subject to the Standard into commerce shall assign to each item a unit identification (number, letter or date, or combination thereof) sufficient to identify and relate to the fabric production unit or garment production unit of which the item is a part. Such unit identification shall be designated in such a way as to indicate that it is a production unit under the Standard. The letters ``GPU'' and ``FPU'' may be used to designate a garment production unit identification and fabric production unit identification, respectively, at the option of the labeler. In addition to the requirements prescribed by this paragraph (b)(7), the requirements prescribed by paragraph (b)(4) of this section must be met for items marketed at retail in packages. (i) Each garment subject to the Standard shall bear a label with minimum dimension of 1.3 centimeters (0.5 inch) by 1.9 centimeters (0.75 inch) containing the appropriate garment production unit identification for that garment in letters which are clear, conspicuous, and legible, and in a color which contrasts with the background of the label, or shall have such information stamped on the garment itself in letters which are clear, conspicuous, and legible, and in a color which contrasts with the background, and at least 2.54 centimeters (1 inch) in every direction from any other information. The stamp or label containing the garment production unit identification must be of such construction, and affixed to the garment in such a manner, as to remain on or attached to the garment, and legible and visible throughout its intended period of use. (ii) The fabric production unit identification shall appear in letters at least 0.4 centimeter (one-sixth of an inch) in height against a contrasting background on each label that relates to such fabric and is required by the Textile Fiber Products Identification Act (15 U.S.C. 70-70k) and the regulations thereunder (16 CFR 303.1 through 303.45) or by the Wool Products Labeling Act of 1939 (15 U.S.C. 68-68j) and the regulations thereunder (16 CFR 300.1 through 300.35). When the information required by the Textile Fiber Products Identification Act or by the Wool Products Labeling Act of 1939 appears on an invoice used in lieu of labeling, the fabric production unit identification required by this section may be placed clearly, conspicuously, and legibly on the same invoice in lieu of labeling. (8) All items complying with the Standard and manufactured on or after May 1, 1975, through May 1, 1978, shall [[Page 873]] bear a label which states ``Flame-resistant. U.S. Standard FF 5-74.'' The label must be prominent, conspicuous, and legible and readily visible at the point of sale to ultimate consumers. The label statement may be attached to the item itself, on a hang tag attached to the item, or on a package enclosing the item. The label need not be affixed permanently. The letters of the label must be at least 0.4 centimeter (one-sixth of an inch) in height and in a color which contrasts with the background of the label. (c) [Reserved] (d) Records--manufacturers, importers, or other persons initially introducing items into commerce--(1) General. Every manufacturer, importer, or other person (such as a converter) initially introducing into commerce items subject to the Standard, irrespective of whether guaranties are issued under paragraph (e) of this section, shall maintain written and physical records as hereinafter specified. The records required must establish a line of continuity through the process of manufacture of each production unit of articles of children's sleepwear, or fabrics or related materials intended or promoted for use in children's sleepwear, to the sale and delivery of the finished items and from the specific finished item to the manufacturing records. Such records shall show with respect to such items: (i) Details, description and identification of any and all sampling plans engaged in pursuant to the requirements of the Standard. Such records must be sufficient to demonstrate compliance with such sampling plan(s) and must relate the sampling plan(s) to the actual items produced, marketed, or handled. This requirement is not limited by other provisions of this paragraph (d). (ii) Garment production units or fabric production units of all garments or fabrics marketed or handled. The records must relate to an appropriate production unit identification on or affixed to the item itself in accordance with paragraph (b)(7) of this section, and the production unit identification must relate to the garment production unit or fabric production unit. (iii) Test results and details of all tests performed, both prototype and production, including char lengths of each specimen tested, average char lengths of the samples required to be tested, details of the sampling procedure employed, name and signature of person conducting tests, date of tests, and all other records necessary to demonstrate compliance with the test procedures and sampling plan specified by the Standard or authorized alternate sampling plan. (iv) Disposition of all failing or rejected items. Such records must demonstrate that the items were retested or reworked and retested in accordance with the Standard prior to sale or distribution and that such retested or reworked and retested items comply with the Standard, or otherwise show the disposition of such items. (v) Fiber content and manufacturing specifications relating the same to prototype and production testing and to the production units to which applicable. (vi) Data and test results relied on as a basis for inclusion of different colors or different print patterns of the same fabric as a single fabric or garment production unit under Sec. 1616.4(a)(2) of the Standard. (vii) Data and test results relied on as a basis for reduced laundering of fabric or garments during test procedures under Sec. 1616.5(c)(4) of the Standard and any quantities issued or received relating to laundering as well as details of the laundering procedure utilized. (viii) Identification, composition, and details of application of any flame retardant treatments employed. All prototype and production records shall relate to such information. (ix) Date and quantity of each sale or delivery of items subject to the Standard (except the date of sale to an ultimate consumer) and the name and address of the purchaser or recipient (except an ultimate consumer). The items involved in each sale or delivery shall be identified by production unit or by style. A style is a garment design or grouping, preselected by the manufacturer. A style may be composed of garments that form all or part of one or more garment production units and the style may include any number of garments the manufacturer chooses. If a person subject to the requirements of [[Page 874]] paragraph (d) of this section maintains sales records which identify the items sold or delivered by style, and if recall of one or more production units subject to the Standard is required, that person in recalling such production units shall notify all purchasers of items of the style in which such production unit or units were manufactured. Retailers may elect to return all items of the style involved, or all items of the production units subject to recall. (2) Fabrics. In addition to the information specified in paragraph (d)(1) of this section, the written and physical records maintained with respect to each fabric production unit shall include (i) finished fabric samples sufficient to repeat the fabric sampling procedure required by Sec. 1616.4 of the Standard for each production unit marketed or handled; and (ii) records to relate the samples to the actual fabric production unit. Upon written request of any duly authorized employee or agent of the Commission, samples sufficient for the sampling and testing of any production unit in accordance with the Standard shall be furnished from these records within the time specified in the written request. (3) Garments--prototype testing. In addition to the records specified in paragraph (d)(1) of this section, the following written and physical records shall be maintained with respect to the garment prototype testing required by the Standard: (i) Specification, fiber content, and details of construction on all seams, fabrics, threads, stitches, and trims used in each garment style or type upon which prototype testing was performed, relating the same to such garment style or type and to all production units to which such prototype testing is applicable. (ii) Samples sufficient to repeat the prototype tests required by Sec. 1616.4 of the Standard for all fabrics, seams, threads, stitches, and trims used in such prototype testing, relating such samples to the records, required by this paragraph (d), including the information required by paragraph (d)(3)(i) of this section. Upon written request of any duly authorized employee or agent of the Commission, samples sufficient for the testing of any prototype specimens identical to those specimens that were actually tested pursuant to the Standard shall be furnished from these records within the time specified in that written request. (iii) A complete untested garment from each style or type of garment marketed or handled. (iv) Remains of all physical specimens tested in accordance with the prototype testing required by Sec. 1616.4 of the Standard, relating such samples to the records required by this paragraph (d), including information required by paragraph (d)(3)(i) of this section. (4) Garments--Production testing. In addition to the records required by paragraph (d)(1) of this section, written and physical records shall be maintained and shall show with respect to each garment production unit: (i) Source and fabric production unit identification of all fabrics subject to testing used in each garment production unit. (ii) Identification and appropriate reference to all prototype records and prototype tests applicable to each production unit. (iii) Any guaranty relied upon to demonstrate that the fabric utilized in such garments meets the laundering requirements of the Standard. (iv) Data sufficient to show that tested samples were selected from the production unit at random from regular production. (v) Written data that will enable the Commission to obtain and test garments under any applicable compliance market sampling plan. (5) Record retention requirements. The records required by this paragraph (d) shall be maintained for 3 years, except that records relating to prototype testing shall be maintained for as long as they are relied upon as demonstrating compliance with the prototype testing requirements of the Standard and shall be retained for 3 years thereafter. (e) Tests for guaranty purposes. Reasonable and representative tests for the purpose of issuing a guaranty under section 8 of the Flammable Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C. 1197) for items subject to the Standard shall be those tests performed pursuant to any sampling plan or authorized alternative sampling [[Page 875]] plan engaged in pursuant to the requirements of the Standard. (f) Compliance with this section. No person subject to the Flammable Fabrics Act shall manufacture, import, distribute, or otherwise market or handle any item subject to the Standard, including samples, swatches, or specimens used to promote or effect the sale thereof, which is not in compliance with this section. [40 FR 59917, Dec. 30, 1975, as amended at 49 FR 3064, Jan. 24, 1984; 61 FR 1117, Jan. 16, 1996] Sec. 1616.32 Method for establishment and use of alternate laundering procedures under section 5(c)(4)(ii) of the standard. (a) Scope. (1) Section 1616.5(c)(4)(ii) of the Standard for the Flammability of Children's Sleepwear in sizes 7-14 (16 CFR 1616.5(c)(4)(ii)) requires that all fabrics and certain garments subject to the standard be tested for flammability as produced (or after one washing and drying) and after the items have been washed and dried 50 times in machines, using the procedure specified in AATCC Test Method 124-1996. \7\ This section also provides that items may be laundered a different number of times under another washing and drying procedure if the Commission finds that such an alternate laundering procedure is equivalent to the procedure specified in the standard. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \7\ AATCC Test Method 124-1996 ``Appearance of Fabrics after Repeated Home Laundering,'' Technical Manual of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, Vol. 73, 1997, which is incorporated by reference. Copies of this document are available from the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. This document is also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202- 741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/ code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (2) This rule provides the procedures to be followed by persons seeking Commission approval for alternate laundering procedures. It also provides the criteria the Commission will use in evaluating the applications. (3) The alternate laundering procedures provided for in this section apply only to procedures under section 5(c)(4)(ii) of the standard and shall not be used for determining whether different colors or different print patterns of the same fabric may be included in a single fabric or garment production unit. (4) As used in this section, fabric means fabric or related material promoted or intended for use in children's sleepwear made to identical specifications and containing the same identity while in production. (b) Application procedure. (1) Applicants seeking approval for use of an alternate laundering procedure under Sec. 1616.5(c)(4)(ii) of the standard must submit the following information in writing to the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, DC 20207: (i) A detailed description of the proposed alternate laundering procedure, and a 6 in. by 6 in. swatch of the fabric or garment for which the procedure is proposed, (ii) Upon request of the Commission staff, any other information concerning the procedure and/or any machine used in connection with it, (iii) With regard to each fabric or garment for which an alternate laundering procedure is sought, test data comparing twenty test specimens washed and dried by the proposed alternate laundering procedure and twenty specimens tested in accordance with the 50-wash and dry cycle procedure required in section 5(c)(4)(ii) of the standard. (For purposes of applications, similar fabrics or garments of different finishes shall be considered as different fabrics or garments and therefore separate test results must be submitted). Each group of twenty specimens upon which these data are based must be cut for testing, half in the machine direction and half in the cross machine direction. Where the applicant manufactures the fabric or garments in more than one plant, the data described in this paragraph must be submitted separately for the fabric or garments of [[Page 876]] each plant for which the proposed alternate laundering procedure is intended to be used. Subsequent applications for use of the same procedure for additional fabrics and garments may incorporate portions of the original application by reference, as appropriate. (2) Applications shall be certified by the chief executive officer of the applicant or the official to whom the duty to certify has been delegated in writing. The Commission's Assistant Executive Director for Compliance must be notified in writing of any such delegation. (c) Use of alternate laundering procedure. (1) The applicant may begin to use the alternate laundering procedure 30 days after the application is received by the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance unless notified to the contrary. The Assistant Executive Director for Compliance will normally furnish an applicant with written notice of approval within 30 days. The applicant may be notified that a longer time is needed for evaluation of the application, and in the discretion of the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance, may be authorized to use the alternate laundering procedure pending the final decision. The notice of approval shall be kept by the applicant with other written records required to be maintained in connection with the use of an alternate laundering procedure. So that the applicants may ascertain that the application has been received when the 30-day period has elapsed, it is suggested that applications be sent by certified mail, return receipt requested. (2) As provided in detail in Sec. 1616.32(e), applicants must immediately discontinue use of an alternate procedure, and must immediately notify the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance if there are test failures during revalidation testing. (d) Revalidation testing. (1) In order to assure a continued satisfactory correlation between the alternate laundering procedure and the laundering procedure of the standard, applicants shall perform all the testing described in paragraph (b)(1)(iii) of this section for fabrics or garments from current production at least once for every three-month period during which any of the fabric or garments are produced. (2) If following initial approval, four successive comparisons of the alternate and the 50-cycle methods as described in paragraph (d)(1) of this section consistently show acceptable results under the criteria specified by paragraph (f) of this section, the Commission will deem such comparisons to be sufficient demonstration of the equivalence of the alternate laundering procedure with the 50 launderings required in the standard and further revalidation testing will not be required. (3) Records of revalidation testing need not be submitted to the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance. However such records must be maintained in accordance with paragraph (h) of this section. (e) Revalidation testing failures. (1) If revalidation testing for any fabric or garment does not meet the criteria of Sec. 1616.32(f), the applicant must immediately discontinue use of the alternate laundering procedure for the fabric or garment and must immediately notify the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance in writing of the failure to meet the criteria. Also the testing from the production unit from which the non-correlating samples were taken and the testing from subsequent production units (if any) must be repeated immediately using the laundering procedure prescribed in the standard. These repeat tests shall then be the tests applicable to such production unit(s) and those tests previously performed on the production unit(s) shall be considered invalid. (2) When use of an alternate laundering procedure for a particular fabric or garment has been discontinued because of a failure to meet the criteria of Sec. 1616.32(f), the alternate laundering procedure shall not be used again unless a new application for approval is submitted to the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance and that officer approves the application in writing. In addition to the other information required for applications, the additional application should give facts or [[Page 877]] reasons showing why the applicant believes the procedure should be considered reliable with the fabric or garments involved, in view of the previous failure. (f) Commission criteria for evaluating applications. (1) The Assistant Executive Director for Compliance will approve the alternate laundering procedure as equivalent to the laundering procedure specified in Sec. 1616.5(c)(4)(ii) of the standard if testing from 20 specimens laundered by the proposed alternate procedure yields as many or more char lengths in excess of five inches as does testing from the twenty specimens laundered by the 50-laundering cycle method prescribed in the standard. (2) If the alternate laundering procedure yields fewer char lengths in excess of five inches than does the 50-wash and dry cycle, then the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance will not consider the alternate procedure to be equivalent, with the following exception: If the number of five-inch chars from the alternate procedure is within one of the number of five-inch chars obtained from the 50-cycle procedure, the applicant may repeat the original test with new specimens and if the combined results of both tests show the count of chars exceeding five inches from the alternate is equal to, or greater than, the count from the 50-wash cycle procedure, the Assistant Executive Director for Compliance will approve the alternate laundering procedure. (g) Commission testing for compliance. (1) For the purpose of determining compliance with the standard, the Commission will rely on testing employing the laundering procedure now prescribed by Sec. 1616.5(c)(4)(ii) of the standard. (15 U.S.C. 1193, 1194; 15 U.S.C. 2079(b)). (2) The Commission may verify equivalency of any procedure submitted by independent testing and evaluation, by or on behalf of the Commission. (h) Recordkeeping. The applicant must maintain a record of all applications filed with the Commission and of all equivalency tests for as long as the procedures to which they relate are in use and for three years thereafter. [42 FR 55892, Oct. 20, 1977, as amended at 65 FR 12928, Mar. 10, 2000] Sec. 1616.35 Use of alternate apparatus, procedures, or criteria for testing under the standard. (a) The Standard for the Flammability of Children's Sleepwear: Sizes 7 through 14 (the Standard) requires every manufacturer, importer, and other person (such as a converter) initially introducing items subject to the Standard into commerce to group items into production units, and to test samples from each production unit. See 16 CFR 1616.4. The Standard prescribes an apparatus and procedure for performing tests of fabric and garments subject to its provisions. See 16 CFR 1616.5. The Standard prescribes pass/fail criteria at 16 CFR 1616.3(b). (b) Section 1616.5(a) states that alternate test apparatus may be used by persons or firms required to perform testing under the Standard ``only with prior approval'' of the Commission. (c)(1) By issuance of this Sec. 1616.35, the Commission gives its approval to any person or firm desiring to use test apparatus or procedures other than those prescribed by the Standard for purposes of compliance with the Standard, if that person or firm has data or other information to demonstrate that a test utilizing such alternate apparatus or procedure is as stringent as, or more stringent than, a test utilizing the apparatus and procedure specified in the Standard. The Commission considers a test utilizing alternate apparatus or procedures to be ``as stringent as, or more stringent than'' a test utilizing the apparatus and procedures specified in the standard, if when testing identical specimens, a test utilizing alternative apparatus or procedures yields failing results as often as, or more often than, a test utilizing the apparatus and procedures specified in the standard. (2) The data or information required by this paragraph (c) of this section as a condition to the Commission's approval of the use of alternate test apparatus or procedures must be in the possession of the person or firm desiring [[Page 878]] to use such alternate apparatus or procedures before the alternate apparatus or procedures may be used for purposes of compliance with the standard. (3) The information required by this paragraph (c) of this section must be retained by the person or firm using the alternate test apparatus or procedures for as long as that apparatus or procedure is used for purposes of compliance with the standard, and for a period of one year there after. (d) Written application to the Commission is not required for approval of alternate test apparatus or procedures, and the Commission will not act on any individual written application for approval of alternate test apparatus or procedures. (e) Use of any alternate test apparatus or procedures without the data or information required by paragraph (c), of this section, may result in violation of the Standard and section 3 of the Flammable Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C. 1192). (f) The Commission will test fabrics and garments subject to the standard for compliance with the requirements of the standard using the apparatus and procedures set forth in the standard. The Commission will consider any failing results from compliance testing as evidence of a violation of the standard and section 3 of the Flammable Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C. 1192). (Reporting requirements contained in paragraph (c) were approved by the Office of Management and Budget under control number 3041-0027) (Sec. 5, Pub. L. 90-189, 81 Stat. 569, 15 U.S.C. 1194; Sec. 30(b), Pub. L. 92-573, 86 Stat. 1231, 15 U.S.C. 2079(b)) [48 FR 21316, May 12, 1983] Sec. 1616.36 Use of alternate apparatus or procedures for tests for guaranty purposes. (a) Section 8(a) of the Flammable Fabrics Act (FFA, 15 U.S.C. 1197(a)) provides that no person shall be subject to criminal prosecution under section 7 of the FFA (15 U.S.C. 1196) for a violation of section 3 of the FFA (15 U.S.C. 1192) if that person establishes a guaranty received in good faith which meets all requirements set forth in section 8 of the FFA. One of those requirements is that the guaranty must be based upon ``reasonable and representative tests'' in accordance with the applicable standard. (b) Section 1616.31(e) of the regulations implementing the Standard for the Flammability of Children's Sleepwear: Sizes 7 through 14 (the Standard) provides that for purposes of supporting guaranties issued in accordance with section 8 of the FFA for items subject to the Standard, ``reasonable and representative tests'' are tests ``performed pursuant to any sampling plan or authorized alternative sampling plan engaged in pursuant to the requirements of the Standard.'' (c) At Sec. 1616.35, the Commission has set forth conditions under which the Commission will approve the use of test apparatus or procedures other than those prescribed in the Standard for purposes of demonstrating compliance with the requirements of the Standard. Any person or firm meeting the requirements of Sec. 1616.35 for use of alternate test apparatus or procedure for compliance with the Standard may also use such alternate test apparatus or procedure under the same conditions for purposes of conducting ``reasonable and representative tests'' to support guaranties of items subject to the Standard, following any sampling plan prescribed by the Standard or any approved alternate sampling plan. (d) The Commission will test fabrics and garments subject to the Standard for compliance with the Standard using the apparatus and procedures set forth in the Standard. The Commission will consider any failing results from compliance testing as evidence that the person or firm using alternate test apparatus or procedures has furnished a false guaranty in violation of section 8(b) of the FFA (15 U.S.C. 1197(b)). (Sec. 5, Pub. L. 90-189, 81 Stat. 569, 15 U.S.C. 1194; Sec. 30(b), Pub. L. 92-573, 86 Stat. 1231, 15 U.S.C. 2079(b)) [48 FR 21316, May 12, 1983] Subpart C_Interpretations and Policies Authority: Secs. 1-17, 67 Stat. 111-15, as amended, 81 Stat. 568-74; 15 U.S.C. 1191-1204. [[Page 879]] Sec. 1616.61 Enforcement policy. (a) It is the policy of the Consumer Product Safety Commission that all items of children's sleepwear in sizes 7 through 14 (including garments and fabric or related material intended or promoted for use in such children's sleepwear) are subject to the Standard FF 5-74 (subpart A of this part) unless the manufacturing process has ended before May 1, 1975. The manufacturing process is deemed to end, for the purposes of the Standard, at the time the item is completely assembled, all functional materials have been affixed, and labeling of a permanent nature has been stamped, sewn, or otherwise permanently affixed to the item. Affixing of temporary price or promotional information or the packaging of items of sleepwear (including garments and fabrics or related material intended or promoted for use in such sleepwear) does not affect the date on which the manufacturing process is deemed to end. (b) All items of children's sleepwear in sizes 7 through 14 (including garments and fabric or related material intended or promoted for use in such children's sleepwear) which are in inventory or with the trade on the effective date of Standard FF 5-74 are exempt from the requirements of the Standard. For domestically-made items of children's sleepwear in sizes 7 through 14 to be considered ``in inventory or with the trade'' on the effective date of the Standard, the manufacturing process must have ended prior to May 1, 1975. For foreign-made items of children's sleepwear in sizes 7 through 14 to be considered ``in inventory or with the trade'' on the effective date of the Standard, the manufacturing process must have ended and the goods must have been entered into the United States before May 1, 1975. Sec. 1616.62 Policy regarding retail display requirements for items. For purposes of the retail display and identification requirements of Sec. 1616.31(c), and for those purposes only, any item which was manufactured before May 1, 1975, and for which a retailer has documentary evidence of compliance with all sampling and testing requirements of the Standard (FF 5-74) (subpart A of this part), will be deemed to be a complying item notwithstanding the absence of an affirmative label to indicate compliance with the Standard as required by Sec. 1616.6(b) of the Standard and Sec. 1616.31(b)(8), or the absence of a garment production unit identification or style identification which meets all requirements of Sec. 1616.31(b) (4) and (7), provided that such an item complies with all other labeling requirements of Sec. 1616.31(b). Sec. 1616.63 Policy regarding garment production unit identification. No provision of 16 CFR 1616.31(b)(7) prohibits placement of a garment production unit identification on a label containing other information. Provided, however, that when the garment production unit identification appears on a label containing other information, provisions of Sec. 1616.31(b)(6) require that the garment production unit identification must be set forth separately from any other information appearing on the same label, and that information not required by the applicable enforcement regulation (Sec. 1616.31), but placed on the same label with the garment production unit identification, shall not interfere with the garment production unit identification. Sec. 1616.64 Policy regarding recordkeeping requirements. No provision of the Standard for the Flammability of Children's Sleepwear: Sizes 7 through 14 (FF 5-74) (subpart A of this part) or of the enforcement regulations at Sec. 1616.31 prohibits the utilization of fabric which was manufactured before May 1, 1975, and which was not manufactured in production units, in the manufacture of children's sleepwear garments which are subject to the Standard. When such fabric is utilized in the manufacture of such garments, the inability of the garment manufacturer to record the fabric production unit identification of such fabric does not constitute a violation of Sec. 1616.31(d)(4)(i). Sec. 1616.65 Policy scope of the standard. (a) The Standard for the Flammability of Children's Sleepwear: Sizes 7 [[Page 880]] through 14 (16 CFR part 1616) is applicable to any item of children's sleepwear in sizes 7 through 14. (1) The term item is defined in the Standard at Sec. 1616.2(c) to mean ``any product of children's sleepwear or any fabric or related material intended or promoted for use in children's sleepwear.'' (2) The term children's sleepwear is defined in the Standard at Sec. 1616.2(a) to mean ``any product of wearing apparel size 7 through 14, such as nightgowns, pajamas, or similar or related items, such as robes, intended to be worn primarily for sleeping or activities related to sleeping. Underwear and diapers are excluded from this definition.'' (b) The Commission makes the following statement of policy regarding (1) the phrase ``intended or promoted'' as used in the definition of ``item'' in Sec. 1616.2(c), and (2) the phrase ``intended to be worn primarily for sleeping or activities related to sleeping'' as used in the definition of ``children's sleepwear'' in Sec. 1616.2(a). (c) For enforcement purposes, the meaning of these phrases will be interpreted by the Commission in accordance with the following principles: (1) Sleepwear fabrics and related materials. Whether fabric or related material is ``intended or promoted'' for use in children's sleepwear depends on the facts and circumstances in each case. Relevant factors include: (i) The nature of the fabric and its suitability for use in children's sleepwear. (ii) The extent to which the fabric or a comparable fabric has been sold to manufacturers of children's sleepwear for use in the manufacture of children's sleepwear garments; and (iii) The likelihood that the fabric will be used primarily for children's sleepwear in a substantial number of cases. (2) Sleepwear garments. Whether a product of wearing apparel is ``intended to be worn primarily for sleeping or activities related to sleeping'' depends on the facts and circumstances present in each case. Relevant factors include: (i) The nature of the product and its suitability for use by children for sleeping or activities related to sleeping; (ii) The manner in which the product is distributed and promoted; and (iii) The likelihood that the product will be used by children primarily for sleeping or activities related to sleeping in a substantial number of cases. (3) The factors set forth in this policy statement are guidelines only, and are not elements of the definition of the term ``children's sleepwear'' in Sec. 1616.2(a) of the Standard. For this reason, a particular fabric or garment may meet the definition of ``children's sleepwear'' set forth in the Standard, even though all factors listed in this policy statement are not present. (d) Retailers, distributors, and wholesalers, as well as manufacturers, importers, and other persons (such as converters) introducing a fabric or garment into commerce which does not meet the requirements of the flammability standards for children's sleepwear, have an obligation not to promote or sell such fabric or garment for use as an item of children's sleepwear. Also, retailers, distributors, and wholesalers are advised not to advertise, promote, or sell as an item of children's sleepwear any item which a manufacturer, importer, or other person (such as a converter) introducing the item into commerce has indicated by label, invoice, or, otherwise, does not meet the requirements of the children's sleepwear flammability standards and is not intended or suitable for use as sleepwear. ``Tight-fitting'' garments as defined by Sec. 1616.2(m) are exempt from the standard which requires flame resistance. They may be marketed as sleepwear for purposes of this section. Additionally, retailers are advised: (1) To segregate, by placement in different parts of a department or store, fabrics and garments covered by the children's sleepwear standards from all fabrics and garments that are beyond the scope of the children's sleepwear standards but which resemble items of children's sleepwear. (2) To utilize store display sign indicating the distinction between types of fabrics and garments, for example by indicating which are sleepwear items and which are not; and (3) To avoid the advertisement or promotion of a fabric or garment that [[Page 881]] does not comply with the children's sleepwear flammability standards in a manner that may cause the item to be viewed by the consumer as an item of children's sleepwear. (Sec. 5 Pub. L. 90-189, 81 Stat. 569, 15 U.S.C. 1194; Sec. 30(b), Pub. L. 92-573, 86 Stat. 1231. 15 U.S.C. 2079(b); 5 U.S.C. 553) [49 FR 10251, Mar. 20, 1984, as amended at 64 FR 2833, Jan. 19, 1999] PART 1630_STANDARD FOR THE SURFACE FLAMMABILITY OF CARPETS AND RUGS (FF 1 70)--Table of Contents Subpart A_The Standard Sec. 1630.1 Definitions. 1630.2 Scope and application. 1630.3 General requirements. 1630.4 Test procedure. 1630.5 Labeling. Subpart B_Rules and Regulations 1630.31 Reasonable and representative tests and recordkeeping requirements. 1630.32 Carpets and rugs with fire-retardant treatment. Subpart C_Washing Procedures 1630.61 Hide carpets and rugs--alternative washing procedure. 1630.62 Wool flokati carpets and rugs--alternative washing procedure. 1630.63 Suspension of washing requirements for carpets and rugs with alumina trihydrate in the backing. Subpart D_Interpretations and Policies 1630.81 Policy on recall of noncomplying carpets and rugs. Source: 40 FR 59931, Dec. 30, 1975, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_The Standard Authority: Sec. 4, 67 Stat. 112, as amended, 81 Stat. 569-70; 15 U.S.C. 1193. Sec. 1630.1 Definitions. In addition to the definitions given in section 2 of the Flammable Fabrics Act, as amended (Sec. 1, 81 Stat. 568; 15 U.S.C. 1191), and the procedures under that act for setting standards (part 1607 of this chapter), the following definitions apply for the purposes of this Standard: (a) Acceptance Criterion means that at least seven out of eight individual specimens of a given carpet or rug shall meet the test criterion as defined in this Standard. (b) Test Criterion means the basis for judging whether or not a single specimen of carpet or rug has passed the test, i.e., the charred portion of a tested specimen shall not extend to within 2.54 cm. (1.0 in.) of the edge of the hole in the flattening frame at any point. (c) Carpet means any type of finished product made in whole or in part of fabric or related material and intended for use or which may reasonably be expected to be used as a floor covering which is exposed to traffic in homes, offices, or other places of assembly or accommodation, and which may or may not be fastened to the floor by mechanical means such as nails, tacks, barbs, staples, adhesives, and which has one dimension greater than 1.83 m. (6 ft.) and a surface area greater than 2.23 m. \2\ (24 sq. ft.). Products such as ``carpet squares'', with one dimension less than 1.83 m. (6 ft.) and a surface area less than 2.23 m.\2\ (24 sq. ft.), but intended to be assembled upon installation into assemblies which may have one dimension greater than 1.83 m. (6 ft.) and a surface area greater than 2.23 m.\2\ (24 sq. ft.), are included in this definition. Mats, hides with natural or synthetic fibers, and other similar products in the above, defined dimensions are included in this definition, but resilient floor coverings such as linoleum, asphalt tile and vinyl tile are not. (d) Rug means the same as carpet and shall be accepted as interchangeable with carpet. (e) Traffic Surface means a surface of a carpet or rug which is intended to be walked upon. (f) Timed Burning Tablet (pill) means a methenamine tablet, flat, with a nominal heat of combustion value of 7180 calories/gram, a mass of 150 mg 5mg and a nominal diameter of 6mm. (g) Fire-Retardant Treatment means any process to which a carpet or rug has been exposed which significantly [[Page 882]] decreases the flammability of that carpet or rug and enables it to meet the acceptance criterion of this Standard. [40 FR 59931, Dec. 30, 1975, as amended at 72 FR 60767, Oct. 26, 2007] Sec. 1630.2 Scope and application. (a) This Standard provides a test method to determine the surface flammability of carpets and rugs when exposed to a standard small source of ignition under carefully prescribed draft-protected conditions. It is applicable to all types of carpets and rugs used as floor covering materials regardless of their method of fabrication or whether they are made of natural or synthetic fibers or films, or combinations of or substitutes for these. (b) One of a kind, carpet or rug, such as an antique, an Oriental, or a hide, may be excluded from testing under this Standard pursuant to conditions established by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Sec. 1630.3 General requirements. (a) Summary of test method. This method involves the exposure of each of eight conditioned, replicate specimens of a given carpet or rug to a standard igniting source in a draft-protected environment, and measurement of the proximity of the charred portion to the edge of the hole in the prescribed flattening frame. (b) Test criterion. A specimen passes the test if the charred portion does not extend to within 2.54 cm. (1.0 in.) of the edge of the hole in the flattening frame at any point. (c) Acceptance criterion. At least seven of the eight specimens shall meet the test criterion in order to conform with this Standard. Sec. 1630.4 Test procedure. (a) Apparatus--(1) Test chamber. The test chamber shall consist of an open top hollow cube made of noncombustible material \1\ with inside dimensions 30.48 x 40.48 x 30.48 cm. (12 x 12 x 12 in.) and a minimum of 6.35 (\1/4\ in.) wall thickness. The flat bottom of the box shall be made of the same material as the sides and shall be easily removable. The sides shall be fastened together with screws or brackets and taped to prevent air leakage into the box during use. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ 6.35 mm (\1/4\ in.) cement asbestos board is a suitable material. Note: A minimum of two chambers and two extra bottoms is suggested --------------------------------------------------------------------------- for efficient operation. (2) Flattening frame. A steel plate, 22.86 x 22.86 cm. (9 x 9 in.), 6.35 mm. (\1/4\ in.) thick with a 20.32 cm. (8 in.) diameter hole in its center is required to hold the carpet or rug flat during the course of the test. It is recommended that one be provided for each test chamber. (3) Standard igniting source. A methenamine tablet, flat, with a nominal heat of combustion value of 7180 calories/gram, a mass of 150 mg 5 mg and a nominal diameter of 6mm. These tablets shall be stored in a desiccator over a desiccant for 24 hours prior to use. (Small quantities of absorbed water may cause the tablets to fracture when first ignited. If a major fracture occurs, any results from that test shall be ignored, and it shall be repeated.) (4) Test specimens. Each test specimen shall be a 22.86 x 22.86 cm. (9 x 9 in.) section of the carpet or rug to be tested. Eight specimens are required. (5) Circulating air oven. A forced circulation drying oven capable of removing the moisture from the specimens when maintained at 105 [deg]C. (221 [deg]F.) for 2 hours. \2\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\ Option 1 of ASTM D 2654-67T, ``Methods of Test for Amount of Moisture in Textile Materials,'' describes a satisfactory oven. (``1969 Book of ASTM Standards,'' part 24, published by the American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 19103.) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (6) Desiccating cabinet. An airtight and moisture tight cabinet capable of holding the floor covering specimens horizontally without contacting each other during the cooling period following drying, and containing silica gel desiccant. (7) Gloves. Nonhygroscopic gloves (such as rubber polyethylene) for handling the sample after drying, and raising the pile on specimens prior to testing. (8) Hood. A hood capable of being closed and having its draft turned off during each test and capable of rapidly removing the products of combustion [[Page 883]] following each test. The front or sides of the hood should be transparent to permit observation of the tests in progress. (9) Mirror. A small mirror mounted above each test chamber at an angle to permit observation of the specimen from outside of the hood. (10) Vacuum cleaner. A vacuum cleaner to remove all loose material from each specimen prior to conditioning. All surfaces of the vacuum cleaner contacting the specimen shall be flat and smooth. (b) Sampling--(1)(i) Selection of samples. Select a sample of the material representative of the lot and large enough to permit cutting eight test specimens 22.86 x 22.86 cm. (9 x 9 in.), free from creases, fold marks, delaminations, or other distortions. The test specimens should contain the most flammable parts of the traffic surface at their centers. The most flammable area may be determined on the basis of experience or through pretesting. (ii) If the carpet or rug has had a fire-retardant treatment, or is made of fibers which have had a fire-retardant treatment, the selected sample or over-sized specimens thereof shall be washed, prior to cutting of test specimens after they have been washed and dried either 10 times in accordance with sections 8.2.2, 8.2.3, and 8.3.1(A) of AATCC Test Method 124-1996 ``Appearance of Fabrics after Repeated Home Laundering,'' using wash temperature V (60[deg] 3 [deg]C, 140[deg] 5 [deg]F) specified in Table II of that method, and the water level, agitator speed, washing time, spin speed and final spin cycle specified for ``Normal/Cotton Sturdy'' in Table III, and drying shall be performed in accordance with section 8.3.1(A) of that test method, Tumble Dry, maximum load 3.64 Kg (8 pounds), using the exhaust temperature (66[deg] 5 [deg]C, 150[deg] 10 [deg]F) and cool down time of 10 minutes specified in the ``Durable Press'' conditions of Table IV; or such number of times by another washing and drying procedure which the Consumer Product Safety Commission has determined to be equivalent of AATCC Test Method 124-1996. Alternatively, the selected sample or oversized specimens thereof may be washed, drycleaned, or shampooed 10 times, prior to cutting of test specimens, in such manner as the manufacturer or other interested party shall previously have established to the satisfaction of the Consumer Product Safety Commission is normally used for that type of carpet or rug in service. (iii) AATCC Test Method 124-1996 ``Appearance of Fabrics after Repeated Home Laundering,'' is found in Technical Manual of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, vol. 73, 1997, which is incorporated by reference. Copies of this document are available from the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. This document is also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/ federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. (2) Cutting. Cut eight 22.860.64 cm. (9\1/4\ in.) square specimens of each carpet or rug to be tested to comply with paragraph (b)(1) of this section. (c) Conditioning. (1) Clean each specimen with the vacuum cleaner until it is free of all loose ends left during the manufacturing process and from any material that may have been worked into the pile during handling. Care must be exercised to avoid ``fuzzing'' of the pile yarn. (2) Place the specimens in the drying oven in a manner that will permit free circulation of the air at 105 [deg]C. (221 [deg]F.) around them for 2 hours. \3\ Remove the specimens from the oven with gloved hands and place them horizontally in [[Page 884]] the desiccator with traffic surface up and free from contact with each other until cooled to room temperature, but in no instance less than 1 hour. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \3\ If the specimens are moist when received, permit them to air-dry at laboratory conditions prior to placement in the oven. A satisfactory preconditioning procedure may be found in ASTM D 1776-67, ``Conditioning Textiles and Textile Products for Testing.'' (``1969 Book of ASTM Standards'', part 24, published by the American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 19103.) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (d) Testing. (1) Place the test chamber in the draft-protected environment (hood with draft off) with its bottom in place. Wearing gloves, remove a test specimen from the desiccator and brush its surface with a gloved hand in such a manner as to raise its pile. Place the specimen on the center of the floor of the test chamber, traffic surface up, exercising care that the specimen is horizontal and flat. Place the flattening frame on the specimen and position a methenamine tablet on one of its flat sides in the center of the 20.32 cm. (8 in.) hole. (2) Ignite the tablet by touching a lighted match or an equivalent igniting source carefully to its top. If more than 2 minutes elapse between the removal of the specimen from the desiccator and the ignition of the tablet, the conditioning must be repeated. (3) Continue each test until one of the following conditions occurs: (i) The last vestige of flame or glow disappears. (This is frequently accompanied by a final puff of smoke.) (ii) The flaming or smoldering has approached within 2.54 cm. (1.0 in.) of the edge of the hole in the flattening frame at any point. (4) When all combustion has ceased, ventilate the hood and measure the shortest distance between the edge of the hole in the flattening frame and the charred area. Record the distance measured for each specimen. (5) Remove the specimen from the chamber and remove any burn residue from the floor of the chamber. Before proceeding to the next test, the floor must be cooled to normal room temperature or replaced with one that is at normal room temperature. (e) Report. The number of specimens of the eight tested in which the charred area does not extend to within 2.54 cm. (1.0 in.) of the edge of the hole in the flattening frame shall be reported. (f) Interpretation of results. If the charred area does not extend to within 2.54 cm. (1.0 in.) of the edge of the hole in the flattening frame at any point for at least seven of the eight specimens, the carpet or rug meets the acceptance criterion. [40 FR 59931, Dec. 30, 1975, as amended at 65 FR 12932, Mar. 10, 2000; 72 FR 60767, Oct. 26, 2007] Sec. 1630.5 Labeling. If the carpet or rug has had a fire-retardant treatment or is made of fibers which have had a fire-retardant treatment, it shall be labeled with the letter ``T'' pursuant to conditions established by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Subpart B_Rules and Regulations Sec. 1630.31 Reasonable and representative tests and recordkeeping requirements. Explanation: Section 8 of the act, among other things, provides that no person shall be subject to criminal prosecution under section 7 of the act for a violation of section 3 of the act if such person establishes a guaranty received in good faith signed by and containing the name and address of the person by whom the product, fabric, or related material guaranteed was manufactured, or from whom it was received; to the effect that reasonable and representative tests made in accordance with applicable flammability standards show that the product, fabric, or related material covered by the guaranty conforms with such standards. While a person establishing a guaranty received in good faith would not be subject to criminal prosecution under section 7 of the act, he and/or the merchandise involved, would nevertheless remain subject to the administrative processes of the Consumer Product Safety Commission under section 5 of the act as well as injunction and condemnation procedures under section 6 thereof. A guarantor derives no immunity of any kind, civil or criminal, from the issuance of his own guaranty or performance of the reasonable and representative tests prescribed by this section. The furnishing of guaranties is not mandatory under the act. The purpose of this section is to establish minimum requirements for reasonable and representative tests upon which guaranties may be based. The section does not have any legal effect beyond that specified in section 8 of the act. (a) For the purposes of this section the following definitions apply: (1) Standard means the standards in subpart A of this part. (2) Test means a test as prescribed by the Standard. [[Page 885]] (3) Acceptance criterion means ``acceptance criterion'' as defined in the Standard. (4) Test criterion means ``test criterion'' as defined in the Standard. (5) Carpet and rug mean ``carpet'' and ``rug'' as defined in the Standard. (6) Quality of machine-made carpets or rugs means any line of carpets or rugs, essentially machine-made, which are substantially alike in all respects, including, as applicable, constructional units (needles, pitch, rows, shot, stitches, and weight), dye class, dyestuff, dyeing application method, gage, pile levels, pile height, average pile thickness, pile weight, pile yarn, total thickness, total weight, tufts, tuft length, tuft bind, warp yarn, filler yarn, yarn ends per needle, loop length, backing, back coating, primary backing, secondary backing, backing thickness, backing fabric count, backing warp and filler yarns, including stuffer and dead frame yards, backing weight, fiber and/or other materials content, and fire-retardant treatment received including the specifications and quantity of chemicals used. (7) Quality of handmade or hide carpets or rugs means any line of carpets or rugs which are essentially handmade and/or are essentially hides and which are alike in all respects, including those specified in paragraph (a)(6) of this section, where applicable, except that such carpets or rugs may vary where unavoidable and/or may vary because of natural variations in hides of the same type, so long as such variations do not affect flammability. (b) The tests set forth in paragraphs (c), (d), (e), and (f) of this section are reasonable and representative tests with regard to any carpets or rugs or qualities thereof to which they apply, except, however, that any test of any quality, whenever performed, which does not show a meeting of the acceptance criterion of the Standard shall be considered the reasonable and representative test for that quality and no guaranty with respect thereto shall be issued after the performance of such test. Immediately before conditioning and testing, each carpet or rug specimen tested pursuant to this section shall be in the form in which the carpet or rug or quality thereof which it represents is sold or offered for sale to the ultimate consumer. (c) Reasonable and representative tests with respect to any quality of machine-made carpets or rugs are (1) at least one test performed upon commencement of production, importation, or other receipt thereof, (2) at least one test performed after production, importation, or other receipt of the first 25,000 linear yards of the quality, and (3) at least one test after production, importation, or other receipt of every 50,000 linear yards of the quality thereafter. Except, however, that tests need be performed only after production, importation, or receipt of each additional 100,000 linear yards of the quality, so long as all 24 specimens required to be tested in a complete series of three required tests immediately preceding any given test (eight out of eight specimens in each of the three preceding tests) meet the test criterion, rather than seven out of eight specimens, as permitted under the acceptance criterion of the Standard. (d) Reasonable and representative tests with respect to any quality of handmade or hide carpets or rugs are at least one test performed upon the commencement of production, importation, or other receipt thereof and at least one test after production, importation, or other receipt of every 10,000 square yards of the quality thereafter. (e) Reasonable and representative tests of a one-of-a-kind carpet or rug, machine-made, handmade, or hide, is one test thereof or one test of an identical representative sample. (f) Guaranties for carpets or rugs in inventory upon the effective date of the Standard may be issued in the same manner as other guaranties are issued. Reasonable and representative tests with respect to qualities of such carpets or rugs are at least one test performed upon approximately the first linear yard and one test thereafter for each 25,000 linear yards of a quality of machine-made carpets or rugs and at least one test performed upon approximately the first square yard and thereafter for each 10,000 square yards of a category of handmade or hide carpets or rugs, in the order of the production, importation, or receipt by the guarantor of that quality. [[Page 886]] (g) Any person issuing a guaranty for one or more carpets or rugs or qualities thereof based on reasonable and representative tests, shall maintain the following records for a period of 3 years from the date the tests were performed, or in the case of paragraph (h) of this section, the date the guaranties were furnished. These records must be maintained in the United States by a person subject to section 3 of the act: (1) All identifying numbers, symbols, etc., manufacturing specifications including all other information described in paragraph (a)(6) of this section, as applicable, and source of products or raw materials used therein. (2) A physical sample of each carpet or rug or quality thereof covered by the guaranty at least 6 inches by 6 inches in size (36 square inches). (3) The original or a copy of the report of each test performed for purposes of the guaranty (whether or not such report shows a meeting of the acceptance criterion) which shall disclose the date of the test, the results, and sufficient information to clearly identify the carpet or rug tested. (4) A record applicable to each test in paragraph (g)(3) of this section showing the approximate yardage at which it was performed. Records otherwise required to be maintained in linear yards may be maintained in square yards on the basis of 4 square yards equals 1 linear yard. (h) Persons furnishing guaranties based on guaranties received by them shall maintain records showing the guaranty received and identification of the carpet or rug or quality thereof guaranteed in turn by them. (i) Any person furnishing a carpet or rug guaranty under section 8(a) of the act who neglects or refuses to maintain and preserve the records prescribed in this section shall be deemed to have furnished a false guaranty under the provisions of section 8(b) of the act. (Sec. 5, 67 Stat. 112, as amended, 81 Stat. 570, 15 U.S.C. 1194; sec. 8, 67 Stat. 114, as amended, 81 Stat. 572, 15 U.S.C. 1197) Sec. 1630.32 Carpets and rugs with fire-retardant treatment. (a) For the purposes of this section the following definitions apply: (1) Carpet and rug mean ``carpet'' and ``rug'' as defined in Sec. 1630.31(c). (2) Fire-retardant treatment means ``fire-retardant treatment'' as defined in the standard of subpart A of this part. (b) If a carpet or rug or small carpet or rug is manufactured, imported, or otherwise marketed or handled which has had a fire- retardant treatment or is made of fibers which have had a fire-retardant treatment, the letter ``T'' shall be set forth legibly and conspicuously, and shall appear at all times, on each label and/or invoice relating thereto pursuant to the requirements of the Textile Fiber Products Identification Act, 15 U.S.C. 70, et seq., and the rules and regulations thereunder, whether or not such letter ``T'' appears elsewhere on said product. Samples, pieces, rolls, or squares used to promote or effect the sale of such carpet or rug are subject to the aforementioned requirements. As provided in the applicable portions of the aforesaid act and the rules and regulations thereunder, where a carpet or rug or a small carpet or rug; which has had a fire-retardant treatment or is made of fibers which have had a fire-retardant treatment, is sold to an ultimate consumer and was either custom made or commercially installed for such consumer, the labeling required by this section shall not apply with respect to the carpet or rug if an invoice or other paper relating thereto, containing the letter ``T'', legibly and conspicuously written, is delivered to the consumer in due course of business. (c) No person subject to the Flammable Fabrics Act shall manufacture, import, distribute, or otherwise market or handle any carpet or rug or small carpet or rug, including samples, swatches, or specimens used to promote or effect the sale thereof, which is not in compliance with this section. (Sec. 5 of the Act, 67 Stat. 112, as amended by 81 Stat. 570, 15 U.S.C. 1194) Subpart C_Washing Procedures Authority: Secs. 4, 5, 67 Stat. 112, as amended, 81 Stat. 569-570; 15 U.S.C. 1193, 1194. [[Page 887]] Sec. 1630.61 Hide carpets and rugs--alternative washing procedure. (a) The Standard for the Surface Flammability of Carpets and Rugs (FF 1-70) at Sec. 1630.4(b)(1)(ii) provides that if a carpet or rug has had a fire-retardant treatment, or is made of fibers which have had a fire-retardant treatment, the sample or oversized specimens thereof selected for testing under the standard shall be washed prior to the cutting of test specimens either 10 times under the washing and drying procedure prescribed in Method 124-1996 of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists or such number of times under such other washing and drying procedure as shall previously have been found to be equivalent by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. AATCC Test Method 124-1996 ``Appearance of Fabrics after Repeated Home Laundering,'' is found in Technical Manual of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, vol. 73, 1997, which is incorporated by reference. Copies of this document are available from the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. This document is also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202- 741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/ code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. Alternatively the selected sample or oversized specimens thereof may be washed, dry- cleaned, or shampooed 10 times, prior to the cutting of test specimens, in such manner as the manufacturer or other interested party has previously established to the satisfaction of the Consumer Product Safety Commission is normally used for that type of carpet or rug in service. (b) On February 10, 1972 (37 FR 3010) the Federal Trade Commission published in the Federal Register a notice of approval of an alternative washing procedure under FF 1-70 for testing the flammability of shearling and hide rugs that (1) consist of natural wool or hair attached to the hide with no synthetic fibers and (2) have been treated with a fire-retardant finish. The notice of approval was corrected on March 17, 1972 (37 FR 5676). This approval is continued in effect by the Consumer Product Safety Commission pursuant to section 30(e) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2079(e)). (c) Any hide carpet or rug for which such alternative procedure is utilized must be labeled with a conspicuous, legible and permanent label containing the following statement: DO NOT WASH OR DRY CLEAN This rug has been treated with a flame retardant. To keep rug attractive and clean use the following methods: To eliminate loose dirt or dust, vacuum or shake pelt outdoors. For spot cleaning, use water dampened cloth and rub lightly in one direction. DO NOT USE DETERGENTS OR OTHER STAIN REMOVERS (d) The alternative procedure is as follows: The test specimens shall be cut to size 9 x 9 before the procedure is initiated. (1) Shake specimen vigorously to remove any loose fibers, dust and possible accumulated debris. (2) Place specimen on a solid flat surface and anchor or hold firmly while conducting the test. (3) Select an operating applicator consisting of a rod at least 2 in diameter and 9 long composed of nonabsorbant material such as glass or plastic. (4) Select sufficient cloth to form at least five layers when wrapped around the operating applicator. The cloth shall be of the type known as ``Crockmeter Test Cloth'' as specified in Note 8.3 of AATCC Test Method 8-1969. (5) Immerse cloth in water (100 [deg]F.) until thoroughly wetted. (6) Manually wring out the cloth to remove all excess water and wrap around the operating applicator. (7) Immediately with light pressure, stroke entire surface of specimen with the wrapped operating applicator in one direction only along the natural ``lay'' of the hair structure for ten complete strokes. [[Page 888]] (8) Place test specimen in a circulating drying oven maintained at 212 [deg]F. until dry. (9) Repeat the above procedure 10 times using a fresh or clean cloth each time. (10) After 10 successive cycles of washing and drying the dried specimens shall be subjected to the testing procedures (pill test) as outlined in FF 1-70. (e) This washing procedure and labeling provision are subject to revision or revocation should it be determined that such procedure is inadequate to fully protect the public. [40 FR 59931, Dec. 30, 1975, as amended at 65 FR 12933, Mar. 10, 2000] Sec. 1630.62 Wool flokati carpets and rugs--alternative washing procedure. (a) The Standard for the Surface Flammability of Carpets and Rugs (FF 1-70) at Sec. 1630.4(b)(1)(ii) provides that if a carpet or rug has had a fire-retardant treatment, or is made of fibers which have had a fire-retardant treatment, the sample or oversized specimens thereof selected for testing under the standard shall be washed prior to the cutting of test specimens either 10 times under the washing and drying procedure prescribed in Method 124-1996 of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists or such number of times under such other washing and drying procedure as shall previously have been found to be equivalent by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. AATCC Test Method 124-1996 ``Appearance of Fabrics after Repeated Home Laundering,'' is found in Technical Manual of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, vol. 73, 1997, which is incorporated by reference. Copies of this document are available from the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. This document is also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202- 741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/ code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. Alternatively the selected sample or oversized specimens thereof may be washed, dry- cleaned, or shampooed 10 times, prior to the cutting of test specimens, in such manner as the manufacturer or other interested party has previously established to the satisfaction of the Consumer Product Safety Commission is normally used for that type of carpet or rug in service. (b) On September 7, 1972 (37 FR 18122) the Federal Trade Commission published in the Federal Register a notice of approval of an alternative washing procedure under FF 1-70 for testing the flammability of wool flokati carpets and rugs. This approval is continued in effect by the Consumer Product Safety Commission pursuant to section 30(e) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2079(e)). (c) Any wool flokati carpet or rug for which such alternative procedure is utilized must be labeled with a conspicuous, legible and permanent label containing the following statement: Do Not Wash in Home Machine or Dry Clean--Avoid Rubbing or Brushing While Damp This flokati carpet or rug has been treated with a flame retardant. To maintain this flame retardant and to keep the carpet attractive and clean, use the following methods. 1. Vacuum (using suction head without rotating brush) or shake the rug (depending upon size) to remove loose dirt. 2. Home laundering: Place in bath tub or other suitable receptacle in solution of home detergent and lukewarm water (approximately 105 [deg]F.) . Immerse face down and gently knead back of rug to remove soil. Rinse in lukewarm water (approximately 105 [deg]F.) until detergent is removed. Rug may then be rinsed again in cool water to improve appearance of face if desired. Line dry. Shake while damp to restore surface and fluff up fibers. 3. Spot cleaning: Remove greasy stains with a household grease remover. Remove soluble stains with lukewarm water (approximately 105 [deg]F.) and detergent by immersing spot in a pan and kneading the back of rug. Rinse thoroughly in lukewarm water. Line or floor dry. Shake while damp to restore surface and fluff up fibers. [[Page 889]] 4. Commercial cleaning: Use Roll-A-Jet equipment (or equivalent) with water not exceeding 105 [deg]F. Avoid use of excessive pressure or reciprocating brushes. Drying temperatures should not exceed 200 [deg]F. (d) The alternative procedure is as follows: (1) Cut test specimens to an oversize of 12 x 12 before the procedure is initiated. (2) Vacuum specimens or shake vigorously to remove any loose fibers, dust or possible accumulated debris. (3) Place individual specimen face down in a shallow pan which has been filled to a depth of 2 with a wash solution of 1.1 grams of AATCC (American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists) Standard Detergent as specified in AATCC Method 124-1996 (or equivalent) per liter of water preheated to 105 [deg]F. Knead the back of the specimen with hand for 1 minute. Water level and temperature should be maintained for each specimen. (4) Thoroughly rinse specimen face down with warm water at 105 [deg]F. for 1 minute under a faucet with strong pressure. (5) Remove excess liquor by use of a wringer, hydroextractor or gentle hand squeezing and dry in circulating air oven at 200 [deg]F. until dry. (6) Repeat the above procedure 10 times using fresh detergent and fresh water for each set of eight specimens. (7) Subject the dry specimens to the test procedures in FF 1-70. (e) This washing procedure and labeling provisions are subject to revocation should it be determined that such procedure is inadequate to fully protect the public. [40 FR 59931, Dec. 30, 1975, as amended at 65 FR 12933, Mar. 10, 2000] Sec. 1630.63 Suspension of washing requirements for carpets and rugs with alumina trihydrate in the backing. (a)(1) The Standard for the Surface Flammability of Carpets and Rugs (FF 1-70) at Sec. 1630.4(b)(1)(ii) provides that if a carpet or rug has had a fire-retardant treatment, or is made of fibers which have had a fire-retardant treatment, the sample or oversized specimens thereof selected for testing under the standard shall be washed prior to the cutting of test specimens either 10 times under the washing and drying procedure prescribed in Method 124-1996 of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists or such number of times under such other washing and drying procedure as shall previously have been found to be equivalent by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. AATCC Test Method 124-1996 ``Appearance of Fabrics after Repeated Home Laundering,'' is found in Technical Manual of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, vol. 73, 1997, which is incorporated by reference. Copies of this document are available from the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. This document is also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202- 741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/ code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. Alternatively the selected sample or oversized specimens thereof may be washed, dry- cleaned, or shampooed 10 times, prior to the cutting of test specimens, in such manner as the manufacturer or other interested party has previously established to the satisfaction of the Consumer Product Safety Commission is normally used for that type of carpet or rug in service. (2) Section 1630.5 of the Standard provides that if a carpet or rug has had a fire-retardant treatment or is made of fibers which have had a fire-retardant treatment, it shall be labeled with the letter ``T.'' (b) On April 10, 1972, the Federal Trade Commission, which then had responsibility for enforcement of the Flammable Fabrics Act, announced that the use of alumina trihydrate in adhesives, foams, or latexes in carpet backings or elsewhere in the backings will be considered as a fire-retardant treatment. Therefore, the provisions of Sec. Sec. 1630.4(b)(1)(ii) and 1630.5 of the Standard apply to carpets with alumina trihydrate in the backings. This interpretation continues in effect. [[Page 890]] (c) On May 19, 1972, the Federal Trade Commission published a notice in the Federal Register (37 FR 10104) temporarily suspending the washing requirements under FF 1-70 for carpets and rugs containing alumina trihydrate in the backing. This temporary suspension was extended a number of times. On March 28, 1973 the Federal Trade Commission proposed in the Federal Register (38 FR 8101) an alternative laundering procedure for such carpets and rugs and gave notice that the suspension of the laundering requirement was extended until the completion of the proceeding to establish an alternative laundering procedure. The suspension continues in effect. [40 FR 59931, Dec. 30, 1975, as amended at 65 FR 12933, Mar. 10, 2000] Subpart D_Interpretations and Policies Sec. 1630.81 Policy on recall of noncomplying carpets and rugs. (a) Purpose. The purpose of this section is to state the policy of the Commission concerning recall of carpets and rugs which are subject to and fail to comply with the Standard for the Surface Flammability of Carpets and Rugs (FF 1-70) (16 CFR part 1630, subpart A). In this policy statement, the Commission reaffirms that provisions of the Flammable Fabrics Act (FFA) authorize recall of any product which fails to comply with an applicable flammability standard issued under that Act. Additionally, this policy statement announces general principles which will be followed by the Commission in exercising the authority contained in the FFA to require recall of carpets and rugs from various levels of distribution, including carpets and rugs in the possession of the ultimate consumer. (b) Recall from distributors and retailers. The Commission will exercise the authority contained in the FFA to order recall of carpets and rugs which fail to comply with the Standard for the Surface Flammability for Carpets and Rugs and which are in the possession of any distributor, retailer, or other person or firm in the chain of distribution, where the facts, including the number and pattern of test failures, indicate that such action is necessary and appropriate. (c) Recall from consumers. (1) In cases involving carpets and rugs distributed in commerce by a domestic manufacturer, or imported into the United States, after July 11, 1978, the Commission will exercise the authority contained in the FFA to order recall of carpets and rugs which fail to comply with the Standard for the Surface Flammability of Carpets and Rugs and which are in the possession of ultimate purchasers, including installed carpet, where the facts, including the number and pattern of test failures, indicate that such action is necessary and appropriate. (2) The Commission may exercise the authority of section 15 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2064) to order the repair, replacement, or repurchase of any carpets or rugs in the possession of ultimate purchasers, including installed carpet, if such carpets and rugs present a ``substantial product hazard'' as that term is used in the Consumer Product Safety Act in any case involving carpets or rugs which were distributed in commerce by a domestic manufacturer or imported into the United States, on or before July 11, 1978, or any time thereafter. (Sec. 5, 15 U.S.C. 1194, 67 Stat. 112, June 30, 1953; sec. 5, 15 U.S.C. 45(b), 38 Stat. 719, Sept. 26, 1914; sec. 15, 15 U.S.C. 2064, 86 Stat. 1221, Oct. 27, 1972) [44 FR 2169, Jan. 10, 1979] PART 1631_STANDARD FOR THE SURFACE FLAMMABILITY OF SMALL CARPETS AND RUGS (FF 2 70)--Table of Contents Subpart A_The Standard Sec. 1631.1 Definitions. 1631.2 Scope and application. 1631.3 General requirements. 1631.4 Test procedure. 1631.5 Labeling requirements. Subpart B_Rules and Regulations 1631.31 Reasonable and representative tests and recordkeeping requirements. 1631.32 Reasonable and representative tests and recordkeeping requirements--additional requirements. [[Page 891]] 1631.33 Carpets and rugs with fire-retardant treatment. 1631.34 Small carpets and rugs not meeting acceptance criterion. Subpart C_Washing Procedures 1631.61 Hide carpets and rugs--alternative washing procedure. 1631.62 Wool flokati carpets and rugs--alternative washing procedure. Source: 40 FR 59935, Dec. 30, 1975, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_The Standard Authority: Sec. 4, 67 Stat. 112, as amended, 81 Stat. 569-70; 15 U.S.C. 1193. Sec. 1631.1 Definitions. In addition to the definitions given in section 2 of the Flammable Fabrics Act, as amended (sec. 1, 81 Stat. 568; 15 U.S.C. 1191), and the procedures under that act for setting standards (part 1607 of this chapter), the following definitions apply for the purposes of this Standard: (a) Acceptance Criterion means that at least seven out of eight individual specimens of a small carpet or rug shall meet the test criterion as defined in this Standard. (b) Test Criterion means the basis for judging whether or not a single specimen of small carpet or rug has passed the test, i.e., the charred portion of a tested specimen shall not extend to within 2.54 cm. (1.0 in.) of the edge of the hole in the flattening frame at any point. (c) Small Carpet means any type of finished product made in whole or in part of fabric or related material and intended for use or which may reasonably be expected to be used as a floor covering which is exposed to traffic in homes, offices, or other places of assembly or accommodation, and which may or may not be fastened to the floor by mechanical means such as nails, tacks, barbs, staples, adhesives, and which has no dimension greater than 1.83 m. (6 ft.) and an area not greater than 2.23 m. \2\ (24 sq. ft.). Products such as ``Carpet Squares'' with dimensions smaller than these but intended to be assembled, upon installation, into assemblies which may have dimensions greater than these, are excluded from this definition. They are, however, included in the Standard for the surface flammability of carpets and rugs (FF 1-70) (subpart A of part 1630 of this chapter). Mats, hides with natural or synthetic fibers, and other similar products are included in this definition if they are within the defined dimensions, but resilient floor coverings such as linoleum, asphalt tile and vinyl tile are not. (d) Small Rug means, for the purposes of this Standard, the same as small carpet and shall be accepted as interchangeable with small carpet. (e) Traffic Surface means a surface of a small carpet or rug which is intended to be walked upon. (f) Timed Burning Tablet (pill) means a methenamine tablet, flat, with a nominal heat of combustion value of 7180 calories/gram, a mass of 150 mg 5mg and a nominal diameter of 6mm. (g) Fire-Retardant Treatment means any process to which a small carpet or rug has been exposed which significantly decreases the flammability of that small carpet or rug and enables it to meet the acceptance criterion of this Standard. [40 FR 59935, Dec. 30, 1975, as amended at 72 FR 60767, Oct. 26, 2007] Sec. 1631.2 Scope and application. (a) This Standard provides a test method to determine the surface flammability of small carpets and rugs when exposed to a standard small source of ignition under carefully prescribed draft-protected conditions. It is applicable to all types of small carpets and rugs used as floor covering materials regardless of their method of fabrication or whether they are made of natural or synthetic fibers or films, or combinations of, or substitutes for these. (b) One of a kind small carpet or rug, such as an antique, an Oriental or a hide, may be excluded from testing under this Standard pursuant to conditions established by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Sec. 1631.3 General requirements. (a) Summary of test method. This method involves the exposure of each of eight conditioned, replicate specimens of a small carpet or rug to a [[Page 892]] standard igniting source in a draft-protected environment and measurement of the proximity of the charred portion to the edge of the hole in the prescribed flattening frame. (b) Test criterion. A specimen passes the test if the charred portion does not extend to within 2.54 cm. (1.0 in.) of the edge of the hole in the flattening frame at any point. (c) Acceptance criterion. At least seven of the eight specimens shall meet the test criterion in order to conform with this Standard. Sec. 1631.4 Test procedure. (a) Apparatus--(1) Test chamber. The test chamber shall consist of an open top hollow cube made of noncombustible material \1\ with inside dimensions 30.48 x 30.48 x 30.48 cm. (12 x 12 x 12 in.) and a minimum of 6.35 mm. (\1/4\ in.) wall thickness. The flat bottom of the box shall be made of the same material as the sides and shall be easily removable. The sides shall be fastened together with screws or brackets and taped to prevent air leakage into the box during use. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ 6.35 mm. (\1/4\ in.) cement asbestos board is a suitable material. Note: A minimum of two chambers and two extra bottoms is suggested --------------------------------------------------------------------------- for efficient operation. (2) Flattening frame. A steel plate, 22.86 x 22.86 cm. (9 x 9 in.) 6.35 mm. (\1/4\ in.) thick with a 20.32 cm. (8 in.) diameter hole in its center is required to hold the specimen flat during the course of the test. It is recommended that one be provided for each test chamber. (3) Standard igniting source. A methenamine tablet, flat, with a nominal heat of combustion value of 7180 calories/gram, a mass of 150 mg 5 mg and a nominal diameter of 6mm. These tablets shall be stored in a desiccator over a desiccant for 24 hours prior to use. (Small quantities of absorbed water may cause the tablets to fracture when first ignited. If a major fracture occurs, any results from that test shall be ignored, and it shall be repeated.) (4) Test specimens. Each test specimen shall be a 22.86 x 22.86 cm. (9 x 9 in.) section of the small carpet or rug to be tested. Eight specimens are required. (5) Circulating air oven. A forced circulation drying oven capable of removing the moisture from the specimens when maintained at 105 [deg]C. (221 [deg]F.) for 2 hours. \2\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\ Option 1 of ASTM D 2654-67T, ``Methods of Test for Amount of Moisture in Textile Materials,'' describes a satisfactory oven. (``1969 Book of ASTM Standards,'' part 24, published by the American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103.) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (6) Desiccating cabinet. An airtight and moisture tight cabinet capable of holding the floor covering specimens horizontally without contacting each other during the cooling period following drying, and containing silica gel desiccant. (7) Gloves. Nonhygroscopic gloves (such as rubber or polyethylene) for handling the sample after drying and raising the pile on specimens prior to testing. (8) Hood. A hood capable of being closed and having its draft turned off during each test and capable of rapidly removing the products of combustion following each test. The front or sides of the hood should be transparent to permit observation of the tests in progress. (9) Mirror. A small mirror mounted above each test chamber at an angle to permit observation of the specimen from outside the hood. (10) Vacuum cleaner. A vacuum cleaner to remove all loose material from each specimen prior to conditioning. All surfaces of the vacuum cleaner contacting the specimen shall be flat and smooth. (b) Sampling--(1) Selection of samples. (i) Select a sample of the material representative of the lot and large enough to permit cutting eight test specimens 22.86 x 22.86 cm. (9 x 9 in.) free from creases, fold marks, delaminations or other distortions. The representative sample of material may require the use of more than one small carpet or rug. The test specimens should contain the most flammable parts of the traffic surface at their centers. The most flammable area may be determined on the basis of experience or through pretesting. [[Page 893]] (ii) If the carpet or rug has had a fire-retardant treatment, or is made of fibers which have had a fire-retardant treatment, the selected sample or over-sized specimens thereof shall be washed, prior to cutting of test specimens after they have been washed and dried either 10 times in accordance with sections 8.2.2, 8.2.3, and 8.3.1(A) of AATCC Test Method 124-1996 ``Appearance of Fabrics after Repeated Home Laundering,'' using wash temperature V (60[deg] 3 [deg]C, 140[deg] 5 [deg]F) specified in Table II of that method, and the water level, agitator speed, washing time, spin speed and final spin cycle specified for ``Normal/Cotton Sturdy'' in Table III, and drying shall be performed in accordance with section 8.3.1(A) of that test method, Tumble Dry, maximum load 3.64 Kg (8 pounds), using the exhaust temperature (66[deg] 5 [deg]C, 150[deg] 10 [deg]F) and cool down time of 10 minutes specified in the ``Durable Press'' conditions of Table IV; or such number of times by another washing and drying procedure which the Consumer Product Safety Commission has determined to be equivalent of AATCC Test Method 124-1996. Alternatively, the selected sample or oversized specimens thereof may be washed, drycleaned, or shampooed 10 times, prior to cutting of test specimens, in such manner as the manufacturer or other interested party shall previously have established to the satisfaction of the Consumer Product Safety Commission is normally used for that type of carpet or rug in service. (iii) AATCC Test Method 124-1996 ``Appearance of Fabrics after Repeated Home Laundering,'' is found in Technical Manual of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, vol. 73, 1997, which is incorporated by reference. Copies of this document are available from the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. This document is also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/ federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. (2) Cutting. Cut eight 22.860.64 cm. (9\1/4\ in.) square specimens of each small carpet or rug to be tested to comply with paragraph (b)(1) of this section. (c) Conditioning. (1) Clean each specimen with the vacuum cleaner until it is free of all loose ends left during the manufacturing process and from any material that may have been worked into the pile during handling. \3\ Care must be exercised to avoid ``fuzzing'' of the pile yarn. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \3\ The vacuum cleaning described is not intended to simulate the effects of repeated vacuum cleaning in service. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (2) Place the specimens in a drying oven in a manner that will permit free circulation of the air at 105 [deg]C. (221 [deg]F.) around them for 2 hours. \4\ Remove the specimens from the oven with gloved hands and place them horizontally in the desiccator with traffic surface up and free from contact with each other until cooled to room temperature, but in no instance less than 1 hour. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \4\ If the specimens are moist when received, permit them to air-dry at laboratory conditions prior to placement in the oven. A satisfactory preconditioning procedure may be found in ASTM D 1776-67, ``Conditioning Textiles and Textile Products for Testing.'' (``1969 Book of ASTM Standards,'' part 24, published by the American Society for Testing and Materials, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 19103.) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (d) Testing. (1) Place the test chamber in the draft-protected environment (hood with draft off) with its bottom in place. Wearing gloves, remove a test specimen from the desiccator and brush its traffic surface with a gloved hand in such a manner as to raise its pile. Place the specimen on the center of the floor of the test chamber, traffic surface up, exercising care that the specimen is horizontal and flat. Place the flattening frame on the specimen and position a methenamine tablet on one of its flat sides in the center of the 20.32 cm. (8 in.) hole. (2) Ignite the tablet by touching a lighted match or an equivalent igniting source carefully to its top. If more [[Page 894]] than 2 minutes elapse between the removal of the specimen from the desiccator and the ignition of the tablet, the conditioning must be repeated. (3) Continue each test until one of the following conditions occurs: (i) The last vestige of flame or glow disappears. (This is frequently accompanied by a final puff of smoke.) (ii) The flaming or smoldering has approached within 2.54 cm. (1.0 in.) of the edge of the hole in the flattening frame at any point. (4) When all combustion has ceased, ventilate the hood and measure the shortest distance between the edge of the hole in the flattening frame and the charred area. Record the distance measured for each specimen. (5) Remove the specimen from the chamber and remove any burn residue from the floor of the chamber. Before proceeding to the next test, the floor must be cooled to normal room temperature or replaced with one that is at normal room temperature. (e) Report. The number of specimens of the eight tested in which the charred area does not extend to within 2.54 cm. (1.0 in.) of the edge of the hole in the flattening frame shall be reported. (f) Interpretation of results. If the charred area does not extend to within 2.54 cm. (1.0 in.) of the edge of the hole in the flattening frame at any point for at least seven of the eight specimens, the small carpet or rug meets the acceptance criterion. [40 FR 59935, Dec. 30, 1975, as amended at 65 FR 12934, Mar. 10, 2000; 72 FR 60767, Oct. 26, 2007] Sec. 1631.5 Labeling requirements. (a) If a small carpet or rug does not meet the acceptance criterion, it shall, prior to its introduction into commerce, be permanently labeled, pursuant to rules and regulations established by the Consumer Product Safety Commission with the following statement: FLAMMABLE (FAILS U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE STANDARD FF 2-70): SHOULD NOT BE USED NEAR SOURCES OF IGNITION. (b) If a small carpet or rug has had a fire-retardant treatment or is made of fibers which have had a fire-retardant treatment, it shall be labeled with the letter ``T'' pursuant to rules and regulations established by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Subpart B_Rules and Regulations Authority: Sec. 5, 67 Stat. 112, as amended, 81 Stat. 570; 15 U.S.C. 1194. Sec. 1631.31 Reasonable and representative tests and recordkeeping requirements. Explanation: Section 8 of the act, among other things, provides that no person shall be subject to criminal prosecution under section 7 of the act for a violation of section 3 of the act if such person establishes a guaranty received in good faith signed by and containing the name and address of the person by whom the product, fabric, or related material guaranteed was manufactured, or from whom it was received, to the effect that reasonable and representative tests made in accordance with applicable flammability standards show that the product, fabric, or related material covered by the guaranty conforms with such standards. While a person establishing a guaranty received in good faith would not be subject to criminal prosecution under section 7 of the act, he, and/or the merchandise involved, would nevertheless remain subject to the administrative processes of the Consumer Product Safety Commission under section 5 of the act as well as injunction and condemnation procedures under section 6 thereof. A guarantor derives no immunity of any kind, civil or criminal, from the issuance of his own guaranty or performance of the reasonable and representative tests prescribed by this section. The furnishing of guaranties is not mandatory under the act. The purpose of this section is to establish minimum requirements for reasonable and representative tests upon which guaranties may be based. The section does not have any legal effect beyond that specified in section 8 of the act. (a) For the purposes of this section the following definitions apply: (1) Standard means the Standard in subpart A of this part. (2) Test means a test as prescribed by the Standard. (3) Acceptance criterion means ``acceptance criterion'' as defined in the Standard. (4) Test criterion means ``test criterion'' as defined in the Standard. (5) Carpet and rug mean ``carpet'' and ``rug'' as defined in the Standard. (6) Quality of machine-made carpets or rugs means any line of carpets or rugs, essentially machine-made, which are [[Page 895]] substantially alike in all respects, including, as applicable, constructional units (needles, pitch, rows, shot, stitches, and weight), dye class, dyestuff, dyeing application method, gage, pile levels, pile height, average pile thickness, pile weight, pile yarn, total thickness, total weight, tufts, tuft length, tuft bind, warp yarn, filler yarn, yarn ends per needle, loop length, backing, back coating, primary backing, secondary backing, backing thickness, backing fabric count, backing warp and filler yarns, including stuffer and dead frame yarns, backing weight, fiber and/or other materials content, and fire retardant treatment received including the specifications and quantity of chemicals used. (7) Quality of handmade or hide carpets or rugs means any line of carpets or rugs which are essentially handmade and/or are essentially hides and which are alike in all respects, including those specified in paragraph (a)(6) of this section, where applicable, except that such carpets or rugs may vary where unavoidable and/or may vary because of natural variations in hides of the same type, so long as such variations do not affect flammability. (b) The tests set forth in paragraphs (c), (d), (e), and (f) of this section are reasonable and representative tests with regard to any carpets or rugs or qualities thereof to which they apply, except, however, that any test of any quality, whenever performed, which does not show a meeting of the acceptance criterion of the Standard shall be considered the reasonable and representative test for that quality and no guaranty with respect thereto shall be issued after the performance of such test. Immediately before conditioning and testing, each carpet or rug specimen tested pursuant to this section shall be in the form in which the carpet or rug or quality thereof which it represents is sold or offered for sale to the ultimate consumer. (c) Reasonable and representative tests with respect to any quality of machine-made carpets or rugs are (1) at least one test performed upon commencement of production, importation, or other receipt thereof, (2) at least one test performed after production, importation, or other receipt of the first 25,000 linear yards of the quality, and (3) at least one test after production, importation, or other receipt of every 50,000 linear yards of the quality thereafter. Except, however, that tests need be performed only after production, importation, or receipt of each additional 100,000 linear yards of the quality, so long as all 24 specimens required to be tested in a complete series of three required tests immediately preceding any given test (eight out of eight specimens in each of the three preceding tests) meet the test criterion, rather than seven out of eight specimens, as permitted under the acceptance criterion of the Standard. (d) Reasonable and representative tests with respect to any quality of handmade or hide carpets or rugs are at least one test performed upon the commencement of production, importation, or other receipt thereof and at least one test after production, importation, or other receipt of every 10,000 square yards of the quality thereafter. (e) Reasonable and representative tests of a one-of-a-kind carpet or rug, machine made, handmade, or hide, is one test thereof or one test of an identical representative sample. (f) Guaranties for carpets or rugs in inventory upon the effective date of the Standard may be issued in the same manner as other guaranties are issued. Reasonable and representative tests with respect to qualities or such carpets or rugs are at least one test performed upon approximately the first linear yard and one test thereafter for each 25,000 linear yards of a quality of machine-made carpets or rugs and at least one test performed upon approximately the first square yard and thereafter for each 10,000 square yards of a category of hand-made or hide carpets or rugs, in the order of the production, importation, or receipt by the guarantor of that quality. (g) Any person issuing a guaranty for one or more carpets or rugs or qualities thereof based on reasonable and representative tests, shall maintain the following records for a period of 3 years from the date the tests were performed, or in the case of paragraph (h) of this section, the date the guaranties were [[Page 896]] furnished. These records must be maintained in the United States by a person subject to section 3 of the act: (1) All identifying numbers, symbols, etc., manufacturing specifications including all other information described in paragraph (a)(6) of this section, as applicable, and source of products or raw materials used therein. (2) A physical sample of each carpet or rug or quality thereof covered by the guaranty at least 6 inches by 6 inches in size (36 square inches). (3) The original or a copy of the report of each test performed for purposes of the guaranty (whether or not such report shows a meeting of the acceptance criterion) which shall disclose the date of the test, the results, and sufficient information to clearly identify the carpet or rug tested. (4) A record applicable to each test in paragraph (g)(3) of this section showing the approximate yardage at which it was performed. Records otherwise required to be maintained in linear yards may be maintained in square yards on the basis of 4 square yards equals 1 linear yard. (h) Persons furnishing guaranties based on guaranties received by them shall maintain records showing the guaranty received and identification of the carpet or rug or quality thereof guaranteed in turn by them. (i) Any person furnishing a carpet or rug guaranty under section 8(a) of the act who neglects or refuses to maintain and preserve the records prescribed in this section shall be deemed to have furnished a false guaranty under the provisions of section 8(b) of the act. (Sec. 5 of the Act, 67 Stat. 112, as amended by 81 Stat. 570, 15 U.S.C. 1194; sec. 8 of the Act, 67 Stat. 114, as amended by 81 Stat. 572, 15 U.S.C. 1197) Sec. 1631.32 Reasonable and representative tests and recordkeeping requirements--additional requirements. (a) Persons issuing guaranties under section 8(a) of the act for small carpets and rugs subject to FF 2-70 shall be subject to all of the requirements of Sec. 1631.31 except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section. (b) In lieu of performing tests and maintaining records on the basis of linear yards or square yards as provided in Sec. 1631.31 persons furnishing warranties for small carpets and rugs subject to FF 2-70 shall perform tests and maintain records on the basis of units of carpets or rugs, with ``unit'' being defined as a single carpet or rug, or on the basis of square yards. At least one test shall be performed upon commencement of production, importation, or other receipt of such small carpet or rug and every 25,000 units or square yards thereafter. (Sec. 5 of the Act, 67 Stat. 112, as amended by 81 Stat. 570, 15 U.S.C. 1194; sec. 8 of the Act, 67 Stat. 114, as amended by 81 Stat. 572, 15 U.S.C. 1197) Sec. 1631.33 Carpets and rugs with fire-retardant treatment. (a) For the purposes of this section the following definitions apply: (1) Small carpet and small rug means ``small carpet'' and ``small rug'' as defined in Sec. 1631.1(c). (2) Fire-retardant treatment means ``fire-retardant treatment'' as defined in the Standard in subpart A of this part. (b) If a carpet or rug or small carpet or rug is manufactured, imported, or otherwise marketed or handled which has had a fire- retardant treatment or is made of fibers which have had a fire-retardant treatment, the letter ``T'' shall be set forth legibly and conspicuously, and shall appear at all times, on each label and/or invoice relating thereto pursuant to the requirements of the Textile Fiber Products Indentification Act, 15 U.S.C. section 70, et seq., and the rules and regulations thereunder, whether or not such letter ``T'' appears elsewhere on said product. Samples, pieces, rolls, or squares used to promote or effect the sale of such carpet or rug are subject to the aforementioned requirements. As provided in the applicable portions of the aforesaid Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, where a carpet or rug or a small carpet or rug which has had a fire-retardant treatment or is made of fibers which have had a fire-retardant treatment, is sold to an ultimate consumer and was either custom made or commercially installed for such consumer, the labeling required by this section shall not apply with respect to [[Page 897]] the carpet or rug if an invoice or other paper relating thereto, containing the letter ``T'', legibly and conspicuously written, is delivered to the consumer in due course of business. (c) No person subject to the Flammable Fabrics Act shall manufacture, import, distribute, or otherwise market or handle any carpet or rug or small carpet or rug, including samples, swatches, or specimens used to promote or effect the sale thereof, which is not in compliance with this section. Sec. 1631.34 Small carpets and rugs not meeting acceptance criterion. (a) If any small carpet or rug as defined in the Standard for the Surface Flammability of Small Carpets and Rugs (pill test) FF 2-70, is manufactured, imported, or otherwise marketed or handled and does not meet the acceptance criterion of such standard, it shall, prior to its introduction into commerce, be legibly and conspicuously labeled with a permanent label which sets forth the following statement: ``FLAMMABLE (FAILS U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE STANDARD FF 2-70): SHOULD NOT BE USED NEAR SOURCES OF IGNITION.'' The required cautionary statement may be set out on or affixed to the small carpet or rug on the same label as the fiber content label required to be affixed under the Textile Fiber Products Identification Act, if said label is permanent, or said statement shall be set forth on a separate permanent label on or affixed to the small carpet or rug in immediate proximity to the said required label under the Textile Fiber Products Identification Act. A label on the front of a small carpet or rug shall be considered to be in immediate proximity to a label on the back, provided they are directly opposite each other and are in immediate proximity to the edge of the small carpet or rug. (b) Such cautionary statements shall also appear in a conspicuous manner in all advertisements in which said small carpets or rugs are being offered for sale through direct mail, telephone solicitation, or under any other circumstances where the consumer, in the ordinary course of dealing, will not have an opportunity to inspect the label before receiving the merchandise. The phrase ``Flammable--Read The Label'' shall conspicuously appear in all other advertisements of small carpets or rugs which do not meet the acceptance criterion of the standard. (c) The information required by this section shall be set forth separately from any other information, representations, or disclosures appearing on the same label or elsewhere on the small carpet or rug, and any such other information, representations, or disclosures shall in no way interfere with, minimize, detract from, or conflict with the information required by this section. (d) Samples, swatches, or specimens used to promote or effect the sale of small carpets or rugs shall be labeled with the information required by this section, in addition to the label required to be affixed to the small carpets or rugs. (e) Where small carpets or rugs are marketed at retail in packages, and the labeling information required by this section is not readily visible to prospective purchasers, the packages must also be prominently, conspicuously, and legibly labeled with the information required by this section. (f) No person, other than the ultimate consumer, shall remove, mutilate, or cause or participate in the removal or mutilation of any affixed labeling information required by this section. (g) No person subject to the Flammable Fabrics Act shall manufacture, import, distribute, or otherwise market or handle any small carpet or rug, including samples, swatches, or specimens used to promote or effect the sale thereof, which is not in compliance with this section. Subpart C_Washing Procedures Authority: Secs. 4, 5, 67 Stat. 112, as amended, 81 Stat. 569-70; 15 U.S.C. 1193, 1194. Sec. 1631.61 Hide carpets and rugs--alternative washing procedure. (a) The Standard for the Surface Flammability of Carpets and Rugs (FF 1-70) at Sec. 1630.4(b)(1)(ii) provides that if a carpet or rug has had a fire-retardant treatment, or is made of fibers which have had a fire-retardant treatment, [[Page 898]] the sample or oversized specimens thereof selected for testing under the standard shall be washed prior to the cutting of test specimens either 10 times under the washing and drying procedure prescribed in Method 124-1996 of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists or such number of times under such other washing and drying procedure as shall previously have been found to be equivalent by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. AATCC Test Method 124-1996 ``Appearance of Fabrics after Repeated Home Laundering,'' is found in Technical Manual of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, vol. 73, 1997, which is incorporated by reference. Copies of this document are available from the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. This document is also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http:// www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ ibr_locations.html. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. Alternatively the selected sample or oversized specimens thereof may be washed, dry-cleaned, or shampooed 10 times, prior to the cutting of test specimens, in such manner as the manufacturer or other interested party has previously established to the satisfaction of the Consumer Product Safety Commission is normally used for that type of carpet or rug in service. (b) On February 10, 1972 (37 FR 3010) the Federal Trade Commission published in the Federal Register a notice of approval of an alternative washing procedure under FF 2-70 for testing the flammability of shearling and hide rugs that (1) consist of natural wool or hair attached to the hide with no synthetic fibers and (2) have been treated with a fire-retardant finish. The notice of approval was corrected on March 17, 1972 (37 FR 5676). This approval is continued in effect by the Consumer Product Safety Commission pursuant to section 30(e) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2079(e)). (c) Any hide carpet or rug for which such alternative procedure is utilized must be labeled with a conspicuous, legible and permanent label containing the following statement: DO NOT WASH OR DRY CLEAN This rug has been treated with a flame retardant. To keep rug attractive and clean use the following methods: To eliminate loose dirt or dust, vacuum or shake pelt outdoors. For spot cleaning, use water dampened cloth and rub lightly in one direction. DO NOT USE DETERGENTS OR OTHER STAIN REMOVERS (d) The alternative procedure is as follows: The test specimens shall be cut to size 9 x 9 before the procedure is initiated. (1) Shake specimen vigorously to remove any loose fibers, dust and possible accumulated debris. (2) Place specimen on a solid flat surface and anchor or hold firmly while conducting the test. (3) Select an operating applicator consisting of a rod at least 2 in diameter and 9 long composed of nonabsorbent material such as glass or plastic. (4) Select sufficient cloth to form at least five layers when wrapped around the operating applicator. The cloth shall be of the type known as ``Crockmeter Test Cloth'' as specified in Note 8.3 of AATCC Test Method 8-1969. (5) Immerse cloth in water (100 [deg]F.) until thoroughly wetted. (6) Manually wring out the cloth to remove all excess water and wrap around the operating applicator. (7) Immediately, with light pressure, stroke entire surface of specimen with the wrapped operating applicator in one direction only along the natural ``lay'' of the hair structure for ten complete strokes. (8) Place test specimen in a circulating drying oven maintained at 212 [deg]F. until dry. (9) Repeat the above procedure 10 times using a fresh or clean cloth each time. [[Page 899]] (10) After 10 successive cycles of washing and drying the dried specimens shall be subjected to the testing procedures (pill test) as outlined in FF 2-70. (e) This washing procedure and labeling provision are subject to revision or revocation should it be determined that such procedure is inadequate to fully protect the public. [40 FR 59935, Dec. 30, 1975, as amended at 65 FR 12934, Mar. 10, 2000] Sec. 1631.62 Wool flokati carpets and rugs--alternative washing procedure. (a) The Standard for the Surface Flammability of Carpets and Rugs (FF 1-70) at Sec. 1630.4(b)(1)(ii) provides that if a carpet or rug has had a fire-retardant treatment, or is made of fibers which have had a fire-retardant treatment, the sample or oversized specimens thereof selected for testing under the standard shall be washed prior to the cutting of test specimens either 10 times under the washing and drying procedure prescribed in Method 124-1996 of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists or such number of times under such other washing and drying procedure as shall previously have been found to be equivalent by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. AATCC Test Method 124-1996 ``Appearance of Fabrics after Repeated Home Laundering,'' is found in Technical Manual of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, vol. 73, 1997, which is incorporated by reference. Copies of this document are available from the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. This document is also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202- 741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/ code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. Alternatively the selected sample or oversized specimens thereof may be washed, dry- cleaned, or shampooed 10 times, prior to the cutting of test specimens, in such manner as the manufacturer or other interested party has previously established to the satisfaction of the Consumer Product Safety Commission is normally used for that type of carpet or rug in service. (b) On September 7, 1972 (37 FR 18122) the Federal Trade Commission published in the Federal Register a notice of approval of an alternative washing procedure under FF 2-70 for testing the flammability of wool flokati carpets and rugs. This approval is continued in effect by the Consumer Product Safety Commission pursuant to section 30(e) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2079(e)). (c) Any wool flokati carpet or rug for which such alternative procedure is utilized must be labeled with a conspicuous, legible and permanent label containing the following statement: Do Not Wash in Home Machine or Dry Clean--Avoid Rubbing or Brushing While Damp This Flokati carpet or rug has been treated with a flame retardant. To maintain this flame retardant and to keep the carpet attractive and clean, use the following methods. 1. Vacuum (using suction head without rotating brush) or shake the rug (depending upon size) to remove loose dirt. 2. Home laundering: Place in bath tub or other suitable receptacle in solution of home detergent and lukewarm water (approximately 105 [deg]F.). Immerse face down and gently knead back of rug to remove soil. Rinse in lukewarm water (approximately 105 [deg]F.) until detergent is removed. Rug may then be rinsed again in cool water to improve appearance of face if desired. Line dry. Shake while damp to restore surface and fluff up fibers. 3. Spot cleaning: Remove greasy stains with a household grease remover. Remove soluble stains with lukewarm water (approximately 105 [deg]F.) and detergent by immersing spot in a pan and kneading the back of rug. Rinse thoroughly in lukewarm water. Line or floor dry. Shake while damp to restore surface and fluff up fibers. 4. Commercial cleaning: Use Roll-A-Jet equipment (or equivalent) with water not exceeding 105 [deg]F. Avoid use of excessive pressure or reciprocating brushes. Drying temperatures should not exceed 200 [deg]F. (d) The alternative procedure is as follows: [[Page 900]] (1) Cut test specimens to an oversize 12 x 12 before the procedure is initiated. (2) Vacuum specimens or shake vigorously to remove any loose fibers, dust or possible accumulated debris. (3) Place individual specimen face down in a shallow pan which has been filled to a depth of 2'' with a wash solution of 1.1 grams of AATCC (American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists) Standard Detergent as specified in AATCC Method 124-1996 (or equivalent) per liter of water preheated to 105 [deg]F. Knead the back of the specimen with hand for 1 minute. Water level and temperature should be maintained for each specimen. (4) Thoroughly rinse specimen face down with warm water at 105 [deg]F. for 1 minute under a faucet with strong pressure. (5) Remove excess liquor by use of a wringer, hydroextractor or gentle hand squeezing and dry in circulating air oven at 200 [deg]F. until dry. (6) Repeat the above procedure 10 times using fresh detergent and fresh water for each set of eight specimens. (7) Subject the dry specimens to the test procedures in FF 2-70. (e) This washing procedure and labeling provisions are subject to revocation should it be determined that such procedure is inadequate to fully protect the public. [40 FR 59935, Dec. 30, 1975, as amended at 65 FR 12934, Mar. 10, 2000] PART 1632_STANDARD FOR THE FLAMMABILITY OF MATTRESSES AND MATTRESS PADS (FF 4 72, AMENDED)--Table of Contents Subpart A_The Standard Sec. 1632.1 Definitions. 1632.2 Purpose, scope and applicability. 1632.3 General requirements. 1632.4 Mattress test procedure. 1632.5 Mattress pad test procedure. 1632.6 Ticking substitution procedure. 1632.7 Tape edge substitution procedure. 1632.8 Glossary of terms. Subpart B_Rules and Regulations 1632.31 Mattresses/mattress pads--labeling, recordkeeping, guaranties and ``one of a kind'' exemption. Subpart C_Interpretations and Policies 1632.61-1632.62 [Reserved] 1632.63 Policy clarification on renovation of mattress. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 1193, 1194; 15 U.S.C. 2079(b). Source: 49 FR 39796, Oct. 10, 1984, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_The Standard Sec. 1632.1 Definitions. In addition to the definitions given in section 2 of the Flammable Fabrics Act as amended (15 U.S.C. 1191), the following definitions apply for the purpose of the standard. (a) Mattress means a ticking filled with a resilient material used alone or in combination with other products intended or promoted for sleeping upon. (1) This definition includes, but is not limited to, adult mattresses, youth mattresses, crib mattresses including portable crib mattresses, bunk bed mattresses, futons, water beds and air mattresses which contain upholstery material between the ticking and the mattress core, and any detachable mattresses used in any item of upholstered furniture such as convertible sofa bed mattresses, corner group mattresses, day bed mattresses, roll-a-way bed mattresses, high risers, and trundle bed mattresses. See Sec. 1632.8 Glossary of terms, for definitions of these items. (2) This definition excludes sleeping bags, pillows, mattress foundations, liquid and gaseous filled tickings such as water beds and air mattresses which do not contain upholstery material between the ticking and the mattress core, upholstered furniture which does not contain a detachable mattress such as chaise lounges, drop-arm love seats, press-back lounges, push-back sofas, sleep lounges, sofa beds (including jackknife sofa beds), sofa lounges (including glide-outs), studio couches and studio divans (including twin studio divans and studio beds), and juvenile product pads such as car bed pads, carriage pads, basket pads, infant carrier and lounge pads, dressing table pads, stroller pads, crib bumpers, and playpen pads. See Sec. 1632.8 Glossary of terms, for definitions of these items. [[Page 901]] (b) Mattress Pad means a thin, flat mat or cushion, and/or ticking filled with resilient material for use on top of a mattress. This definition includes, but is not limited to, absorbent mattress pads, flat decubitus pads, and convoluted foam pads which are totally enclosed in ticking. This definition excludes convoluted foam pads which are not totally encased in ticking. (c) Ticking means the outermost layer of fabric or related material that encloses the core and upholstery materials of a mattress or mattress pad. A mattress ticking may consist of several layers of fabric or related materials quilted together. (d) Core means the main support system that may be present in a mattress, such as springs, foam, hair block, water bladder, air bladder, or resilient filling. (e) Upholstery material means all material, either loose or attached, between the mattress or mattress pad ticking and the core of a mattress, if a core is present. (f) Tape edge (edge) means the seam or border edge of a mattress or mattress pad. (g) Quilted means stitched with thread or by fusion through the ticking and one or more layers of upholstery material. (h) Tufted means buttoned or laced through the ticking and upholstery material and/or core, or having the ticking and upholstery material and/or core drawn together at intervals by any other method which produces a series of depressions on the surface. (i) Manufacturer means an individual plant or factory at which mattresses and/or mattress pads are produced or assembled. (j) Mattress prototype means mattresses of a particular design, sharing all materials and methods of assembly, but excluding differences in mattress size. If it has been shown as a result of prototype qualification testing that an upholstery material or core will not reduce the ignition resistance of the mattress prototype, substitution of another material for such material shall not be deemed a difference in materials for prototype definition. (See Sec. 1632.31(c)(4) for records required to demonstrate that a change of materials has not reduced ignition resistance of a mattress prototype.) If it is determined or suspected that a material has influenced the ignition resistance of the mattress prototype, a change in that material, excluding an increase in thickness, shall be deemed a difference in materials for purposes of prototype definition unless it is previously shown to the satisfaction of the Consumer Product Safety Commission that such change will not reduce the ignition resistance of the mattress prototype. Ticking materials may be substituted in accordance with Sec. 1632.6. Tape edge materials may be substituted in accordance with Sec. 1632.7. (k) Mattress pad prototype means mattress pads of a particular design, sharing all materials and methods of assembly, but excluding differences in mattress pad size. A change in existing material, except an increase in thickness, shall be deemed a difference in materials for purposes of prototype definition unless it is previously shown to the satisfaction of the Consumer Product Safety Commission that such change will not reduce the ignition resistance of the mattress pad prototype. Ticking materials may be substituted in accordance with Sec. 1632.6. Tape edge materials may be substituted in accordance with Sec. 1632.7. (l) Surface means one side of a mattress or mattress pad which is intended for sleeping upon and which can be tested. Sec. 1632.2 Purpose, scope, and applicability. (a) Purpose. (1) This standard prescribes requirements for testing of prototype designs of mattresses and mattress pads before the sale in commerce or the introduction in commerce of any mattress or mattress pad which is subject to the standard. The standard prescribes a test to determine the ignition resistance of a mattress or a mattress pad when exposed to a lighted cigarette. (2) The standard sets forth a test at Sec. 1632.6 which may be used to classify ticking materials for resistance to cigarette ignition. (3) The standard sets forth a test at Sec. 1632.7 which may be used to demonstrate that the substitution of tape [[Page 902]] edge materials will not reduce the ignition resistance of a mattress prototype or a mattress pad prototype. (b) Scope. (1) All mattresses, as defined in Sec. 1632.1(a), and all mattress pads, as defined in Sec. 1632.1(b), manufactured or imported after the effective date of this amendment are subject to the requirements of the standard as amended. (2) All mattresses, as defined in Sec. 1632.1(a), and all mattress pads, as defined in Sec. 1632.1(b), manufactured or imported after June 22, 1973, and before the effective date of this amendment are subject to those requirements of the Standard for the Flammability of Mattresses (and Mattress Pads) (16 CFR part 1632) which were in effect before the effective date of this amendment. (3) Manufacturers or importers desiring to use the ticking substitution procedure provided in Sec. 1632.6 may classify the ticking being used on each mattress prototype before or after the effective date of this amendment using the test procedure set forth in that section. (4) One-of-a-kind mattresses and mattress pads may be excluded from testing under this standard in accordance with rules established by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (See Sec. 1632.31(f): exemption for mattresses and mattress pads prescribed by a physician.) (c) Applicability. (1) The requirements for prototype testing prescribed by this standard are applicable to each ``manufacturer'' (as that term is defined in Sec. 1632.1(i)) of mattresses or mattress pads subject to the standard which are manufactured for sale in commerce. The requirements of this standard for prototype testing are also applicable to all other persons or firms initially introducing mattresses or mattress pads into commerce, including importers; each such firm shall be deemed to be a ``manufacturer'' for purposes of this standard. (2) The test at Sec. 1632.6 for classification of ticking materials may be used by manufacturers of mattresses or mattress pads and by manufacturers of ticking materials. The test at Sec. 1632.7 may be used by manufacturers of mattresses to demonstrate that substitution of tape edge materials will not reduce ignition resistance of a mattress prototype or a mattress pad prototype. Use of the tests in Sec. Sec. 1632.6 and 1632.7 is optional. Sec. 1632.3 General requirements. (a) Summary of test method. The method measures the ignition resistance of a mattress or mattress pad by exposing the surface to lighted cigarettes in a draft-protected environment. The surfaces to be tested include smooth, tape edge, and quilted or tufted locations, if they exist on the mattress or mattress pad surface. A two-sheet test is also conducted on similar surface locations. In the latter test, the burning cigarettes are placed between the sheets. (b) Test criterion. When testing the mattress or mattress pad surface in accordance with the testing procedure set forth in Sec. 1632.4 Mattress test procedure, individual cigarette test locations pass the test if the char length is not more than 2 inches (5.1 cm) in any direction from the nearest point of the cigarette. In the interest of safety, the test operator should discontinue the test and record a failure before reaching the 2 inch char length if an obvious ignition has occurred. (c) Pre-market testing. Each manufacturer required to perform prototype testing by the standard shall perform the testing required by the standard with acceptable results before selling in commerce or introducing in commerce any mattress or mattress pad which is subject to the standard. (d) Specimen selection and qualification. (1) Each manufacturer required to perform prototype testing by the standard shall construct or select enough units of each proposed mattress prototype or proposed mattress pad prototype to provide six surfaces for testing. A minimum of three mattresses or mattress pads are required if both sides can be tested; six mattresses or mattress pads are required if only one side can be tested. Test each of the six surfaces according to Sec. 1632.4(d). If all the cigarette test locations on all six mattress surfaces yield passing results using the criterion specified in Sec. 1632.3(b), accept the mattress prototype. If all six surfaces of a mattress [[Page 903]] pad yield passing results using the criterion in Sec. 1632.3(b), and all other applicable requirements prescribed by Sec. 1632.5 are met, accept the mattress pad prototype. If one or more of the cigarette test locations on any of the six surfaces fail to meet the test criterion of Sec. 1632.3(b), reject the mattress prototype or the mattress pad prototype. (2) Prototype qualification testing may be repeated after action has been taken to improve the resistance of the mattress prototype or the mattress pad prototype to cigarette ignition by changes in design, construction methods, materials selection, or other means. When prototype qualification is repeated after rejection of a prototype, such qualification testing shall be conducted in the same manner as original qualification testing. (3) Each mattress prototype and each mattress pad prototype must be accepted in prototype qualification before any mattress or mattress pad manufactured in accordance with such mattress prototype or mattress pad prototype is sold in commerce or introduced in commerce. Any manufacturer required to perform testing by the standard may rely on prototype tests performed before the effective date of this amended standard, provided that such tests were conducted in accordance with all requirements of Sec. Sec. 1632.1(i), 1632.3(d), and 1632.4, and yield passing results when the test criterion of Sec. 1632.3(b) is applied. If the ticking classification test at Sec. 1632.6 is to be used when relying on prototype tests performed before the effective date of the standard, the ticking currently used on that mattress prototype must be classified before substitution of ticking using Sec. 1632.6. (4) Rejected prototype mattresses or prototype mattress pads shall not be retested, offered for sale, sold, or promoted for use as a mattress (as defined in Sec. 1632.1(a)) or for use as a mattress pad (as defined in Sec. 1632.1(b)) except after reworking to improve the resistance to ignition by cigarettes, and subsequent retesting and acceptance of the mattress prototype (as defined in Sec. 1632.1(j)) or the mattress pad prototype (as defined in Sec. 1632.1(k)). Sec. 1632.4 Mattress test procedure. (a) Apparatus and test materials--(1) Testroom. The testroom shall be large enough to accommodate a full-scale mattress in a horizontal position and to allow for free movement of personnel and air around the test mattress. The test area shall be draft-protected and equipped with a suitable system for exhausting smoke and/or noxious gases produced by testing. The testroom atmospheric conditions shall be greater than 18 [deg]C (65 [deg]F) and at less than 55 percent relative humidity. (i) The room shall be equipped with a support system (e.g. platform, bench) upon which a mattress may be placed flat in a horizontal position at a reasonable height for making observations. (ii) If thin flexible mattresses or mattress pads are being testing the room shall also be equipped with a glass fiberboard test surface. The glass fiberboard shall be approximately 1 inch (2.5 cm) thick and have a thermal conductivity of 0.300.05 cal (g) / hr cm\2\ [deg]C/cm (0.240.04 Btu/hr ft\2\ [deg]F/ in) at 23.9 [deg]C (75 [deg]F). \1\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ Glass fiberboard that meets Federal Specification HH-I-558B is acceptable. Under this specification, the board must be Form A, Class 1, and plain faced. Copies of the specifications may be obtained from the Business Service Centers of the General Services Administration Regional Offices. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (2) Ignition source. The ignition source shall be a Standard Reference Material cigarette (SRM 1196a), available for purchase from the National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899. (3) Fire extinguisher. A pressurized water fire extinguisher, or other suitable fire extinguishing equipment, shall be immediately available. (4) Water bottle. A water bottle fitted with a spray nozzle shall be used to extinguish the ignited portions of the mattress. (5) Scale. A linear scale graduated in millimeters, 0.1 inch, or \1/ 16\ inch divisions shall be used to measure char length. (6) Sheets or sheeting material. White, 100 percent cotton sheets or sheeting material shall be used. It shall not be [[Page 904]] treated with a chemical finish which imparts a characteristic such as permanent press or flame resistance. It shall have 120-210 threads per square inch and fabric weight of 3.70.8 oz/yd\2\ (12528 gm/m\2\). The size of the sheet or sheeting material shall be appropriate for the mattress being tested. (7) Other apparatus. In addition to the above, a thermometer, a relative humidity measuring instrument, a thin rod, straight pins, a knife or scissors, and tongs are required to carry out the testing. (b) Test preparation--(1) Mattress samples. The mattress shall be removed from any packaging prior to conditioning. The mattress surface shall be divided laterally into two sections (see fig. 1), one section for the bare mattress tests and the other for the two-sheet tests. (2) Sheets or sheeting material. The sheets or sheeting material shall be laundered once before use in an automatic home washer using the hot water setting and longest normal cycle with the manufacturer's recommended quantity of a commercial detergent, and dried in an automatic home tumble dryer. (i) The sheet shall be cut across the width into two equal parts after washing. (ii) Sheeting material shall be cut in lengths to cover \1/2\ of a mattress as described in Sec. 1632.4(d)(3). (3) Cigarettes. Unopened packages of cigarettes shall be selected for each series of tests. The cigarettes shall be removed from packaging prior to conditioning. (c) Conditioning. The mattresses, laundered sheets or sheeting material, and loose cigarettes shall be conditioned in air at a temperature greater than 18 [deg]C (65 [deg]F) and a relative humidity less than 55 percent for at least 48 continuous hours prior to test. The mattresses, laundered sheets or sheeting material, and cigarettes shall be supported in a suitable manner to permit free movement of air around them during conditioning. The mattress meets this conditioning requirement if the mattress and/or all its component materials, except the metallic core, if present, have been exposed only to the above temperature and humidity conditions for at least 48 continuous hours prior to testing the mattress. (d) Testing--(1) General. Mattress specimens shall be tested in a testroom with atmospheric conditions of a temperature greater than 18 [deg]C (65 [deg]F) and a relative humidity less than 55 percent. If the test is not performed in the conditioning room, at least one lit cigarette shall be placed on the mattress surface within 10 minutes of removal from the conditioning room. The other side of the mattress shall be tested immediately after completion of the first side. (i) At least 18 cigarettes shall be burned on each mattress test surface, 9 in the bare mattress tests and 9 in the 2-sheet tests. If three or more mattress surface locations (smooth surface, tape edge, quilted, or tufted areas) exist in the particular mattress surface under test, three cigarettes shall be burned on each different surface location. If only two mattress surface locations exist in the particular mattress surface under test (tape edge and smooth surface), four cigarettes shall be burned on the smooth surface and five cigarettes shall be burned on the tape edge. (ii) Light and place one cigarette at a time on the mattress surface. (If previous experience with a similar type of mattress has indicated that ignition is not likely, the number of cigarettes which may be lighted and placed on the mattress at one time is left to the test operator's judgment. The number of cigarettes must be carefully considered because a smoldering or burning mattress is extremely hazardous and difficult to extinguish.) The cigarettes must be positioned no less than 6 inches apart on the mattress surface. Each cigarette used as an ignition source shall be well lighted but not burned more than 4 mm (0.16 inch) when placed on the mattress. (Fire extinguishing equipment must be readily available at all times.) (iii) If a cigarette extinguishes before burning its full length on any mattress surface location, pops out of position when tested on a tuft, or rolls off a test location, the test must be repeated with a freshly lit cigarette on a different portion of the same type of location on the mattress surface until either: the number of cigarettes specified [[Page 905]] in Sec. 1632.4(d)(1)(i) have burned their full lengths; the number of cigarettes specified in Sec. 1632.4(d)(1)(i) have extinguished before burning their full lengths; or failure has occurred according to Sec. 1632.3(b) Test criterion. (2) Bare mattress tests--(i) Smooth surface. Each burning cigarette shall be placed directly on a smooth surface location on the test surface on the half reserved for bare mattress tests. The cigarettes should burn their full lengths on a smooth surface without burning across a tuft, or stitching of a quilted area. However, if this is not possible because of mattress design, then the cigarettes shall be positioned on the mattress in a manner which will allow as much of the butt ends as possible to burn on smooth surfaces. Report results for each cigarette as pass or fail as defined in the test criterion (see Sec. 1632.3(b)). CAUTION: Even under the most carefully observed conditions, smoldering combustion can progress to the point where it cannot be readily extinguished. It is imperative that a test be discontinued as soon as ignition has definitely occurred. Immediately wet the exposed area with a water spray (from water bottle), cut around the burning material with a knife or scissors and pull the material out of the mattress with tongs. Make sure that all charred or burned material is removed. Ventilate the room. (ii) Tape edge. Each burning cigarette shall be placed in the depression between the mattress top surface and the tape edge, parallel to the tape edge of the half of the test surface reserved for bare mattress tests. If there is only a seam or no depression at the edge, support the cigarettes in place along the edge and parallel to the edge with straight pins. Three straight pins may be inserted through the edge at a 45[deg] angle such that one pin supports the cigarette at the burned end, one at the center, and one at the butt. The heads of the pins must be below the upper surface of the cigarette (see fig. 2). Report results for each cigarette as pass or fail as defined in the test criterion (see Sec. 1632.3(b)). [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.097 [[Page 906]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.098 (iii) Quilted location. If quilting exists on the test surface, each burning cigarette shall be placed on quilted locations of the test surface. The cigarettes shall be positioned directly over the thread or in the depression created by the quilting process on the half of the test surface reserved for bare mattress tests. If the quilt design is such that the cigarettes cannot burn their full lengths over the thread or depression, then the cigarettes shall be positioned in a manner which will allow as much of the butt ends as possible to burn on the thread or depression. Report results for each cigarette as pass or fail as defined in the test criterion (see Sec. 1632.3(b)). (iv) Tufted location. If tufting exists on the test surface, each burning cigarette shall be placed on tufted locations of the test surface. The cigarettes shall be positioned so that they burn down into the depression caused by the tufts and so that the butt ends of the cigarettes burn out over the buttons or laces used in the tufts or the depressions made by the tufts on the half of the test surface reserved for bare mattress tests. Report results for each cigarette as pass or fail as defined in the test criterion (see Sec. 1632.3(b)). (3) Two-sheet tests. Spread a section of sheet or sheeting material smoothly over the mattress surface which has been reserved for the two- sheet test and tuck under the mattress. Care must be taken that hems or any other portion of the sheet which is more than one fabric thickness, is neither directly under nor directly over the test cigarette in the two-sheet test. (i) Smooth surfaces. Each burning cigarette shall be placed directly on the sheet covered mattress in a smooth surface location as defined in the bare mattress test. Immediately cover the first sheet and the burning cigarette loosely with a second, or top sheet (see fig. 2). Do not raise or lift the top sheet during testing unless obvious ignition has occurred or until the cigarette has burned out. Whether a cigarette has extinguished may be determined by holding the hand near the surface of the top sheet over the test location. If no heat is felt or smoke observed, the cigarette has burned out. If ignition occurs, immediately remove the sheets and cigarette and follow the cautionary procedures outlined in the bare mattress test. Report results for each cigarette as pass or fail as defined in the test criterion (see Sec. 1632.3(b)). (ii) Tape edge. (A) Each burning cigarette shall be placed in the depression between the top surface and the tape edge on top of the sheet, and immediately covered with a second sheet. It is important the air space be eliminated, as much as possible, between the mattress and the bottom sheet at the test location before testing. Depress the bottom sheet into the depression using a thin rod or other suitable instrument. [[Page 907]] (B) In most cases, the cigarettes will remain in place throughout the test. However, if the cigarettes show a marked tendency to roll off the tape edge location, they may be supported with straight pins. Three straight pins may be inserted through the bottom sheet and tape at a 45[deg] angle such that one pin supports the cigarette at the burning end, one at the center, and one at the butt. The heads of the pins must be below the upper surface of the cigarette (see fig. 2). Report results for each cigarette as pass or fail as defined in the test criterion (see Sec. 1632.3(b)). (iii) Quilted locations. If quilting exists on the test surface, each burning cigarette shall be placed in a depression caused by quilting, directly over the thread and on the bottom sheet, and immediately covered with the top sheet. It is important that the air space be eliminated, as much as possible, between the mattress and the bottom sheet at the test location before testing. Depress the bottom sheet into the depression using a thin rod or other suitable instrument. If the quilt design is such that the cigarettes cannot burn their full lengths over the thread or depression, then the cigarettes shall be positioned in a manner which will allow as much of the butt ends as possible to burn on the thread or depression. Report results for each cigarette as pass or fail as defined in the test criterion (see Sec. 1632.3(b)). (iv) Tufted locations. If tufting exists on the test surface, each burning cigarette shall be placed in the depression caused by tufting, directly over the tuft and on the bottom sheet, and immediately covered with the top sheet. It is important that the air space be eliminated, as much as possible, between the mattress and the bottom sheet at the test location before testing. Depress the bottom sheet into the depression using a thin rod or other suitable instrument. The cigarettes shall be positioned so that they burn down into the depression caused by the tuft and so that the butt ends of the cigarettes burn out over the buttons or laces, if used in the tufts. Report results for each cigarette as pass or fail as defined in the test criterion (see Sec. 1632.3(b)). (e) Records. Records of all prototype test results, and the disposition of rejected prototypes shall be maintained by the person or firm required to perform testing by the standard in accordance with Sec. 1632.31(c). [49 FR 39796, Oct. 10, 1984, as amended at 76 FR 59023, Sept. 23, 2011; 86 FR 32764, June 23, 2021] Sec. 1632.5 Mattress pad test procedure. (a) Testing. All mattress pads shall be tested, in the condition in which they are intended to be sold, according to Sec. 1632.4 Mattress test procedure, using the glass fiberboard substrate. (b) Flame resistant mattress pads. The following additional requirements shall be applicable to mattress pads which contain a chemical fire retardant. (1) These mattress pads shall be tested in accordance with Sec. 1632.4 Mattress test procedure after they have been washed and dried 10 times as described in Sec. 1632.5(b)(2). (i) Such laundering is not required of mattress pads which are intended for one time use and/or are not intended to be laundered, as determined by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (ii) Mattress pads which are not susceptible to being laundered and are labeled ``dryclean only'' shall be drycleaned by a procedure which has previously been found acceptable by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (2) Laundering procedure. (i) Washing shall be performed in accordance with sections 8.2.2 and 8.2.3 of AATCC Test Method 124-1996, using wash temperature V (60[deg] 3 [deg]C, 140[deg] 5 [deg]F) specified in Table II of that method, and the water level, agitator speed, washing time, spin speed and final spin cycle specified for ``Normal/Cotton Sturdy'' in Table III. (ii) Drying shall be performed in accordance with section 8.3.1(A) of AATCC Test Method 124-1996 ``Appearance of Fabrics after Repeated Home Laundering,'' Tumble Dry, using the exhaust temperature (66[deg] 5 [deg]C, 150[deg] 10 [deg]F) and cool down time of 10 minutes specified in the ``Durable Press'' conditions of Table IV. (iii) Maximum washer load shall be 3.64 Kg (8 pounds) and may consist of any combination of test samples and dummy pieces. [[Page 908]] (iv) AATCC Test Method 124-1996 ``Appearance of Fabrics after Repeated Home Laundering,'' is found in Technical Manual of the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, vol. 73, 1997, which is incorporated by reference. Copies of this document are available from the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709. This document is also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/ federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. (v) A different number of wash and dry cycles using another procedure may be specified and used, if that procedure has previously been found to be equivalent by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (3) Labeling--(i) Treatment label. If a mattress pad contains a chemical fire retardant, it shall be labeled with the letter ``T'' pursuant to rules and regulations established by the Consumer Product Safety Commission. (ii) Care label. All mattress pads which contain a chemical fire retardant treatment shall be labeled with precautionary instructions to protect the pads from agents or treatments which are known to cause deterioration of their flame resistance. Such labels shall be permanent and otherwise in accordance with rules and regulations established by the Consumer Product Safety Commission in Sec. 1632.31(b). (iii) Exception. One time use products as defined in Sec. 1632.5(b)(1)(i) are not subject to these labeling requirements. [49 FR 39796, Oct. 10, 1984, as amended at 65 FR 12938, Mar. 10, 2000] Sec. 1632.6 Ticking substitution procedure. (a) This procedure may be used to verify acceptable equivalency if a mattress or mattress pad manufacturer wishes to change the ticking used on a particular mattress or mattress pad prototype without conducting a prototype test as specified in Sec. 1632.4 or Sec. 1632.5. The procedure includes a ticking classification test that may be used by a ticking, mattress or mattress pad manufacturer or by a distributor of ticking. (b) Definitions. For the purpose of this section the following definitions apply in addition to those in Sec. 1632.1. (1) Mattress ticking prototype. Means a ticking of a specific construction, color, or combination of colors or color pattern, weave pattern design, finish application, fiber content, and weight per unit area. With respect to film-coated ticking, a mattress ticking prototype means in addition to the factors listed above, a given method of application, chemical formula, and thickness of application of film coating. With respect to a quilted ticking, a mattress ticking prototype means the combination of a specific ticking as described above; a specific filling, thickness, density, and chemical composition; a specific thread; a specific method of quilting; and a specific backing fabric construction, weave, finish, fiber content, and weight. (2) Mattress pad ticking prototype (i) Means a ticking of a specific construction, color, or combination of colors or color pattern, weave pattern design, finish application, fiber content, and weight per unit area. With respect to film-coated ticking, a mattress pad ticking prototype means in addition to the factors listed above, a given method of application, chemical formula, and thickness of application of film coating. (ii) Quilted ticking is excluded from this definition. Therefore, the following procedures may not be used to substitute quilted ticking used on or as a mattress pad. (c) Scope and application. (1) This procedure provides an independent evaluation of the cigarette ignition characteristics of ticking and for the classification of ticking into one of three performance classes. Class A represents tickings evaluated as acting as barriers against cigarette ignition; Class B represents tickings evaluated as having no effect on cigarette ignition; and Class [[Page 909]] C represents tickings evaluated as having the potential, in some manner, to act as a contributor to cigarette ignition. (2) Substitution of any ticking which has been evaluated as Class A using the procedure in this Sec. 1632.6 for any other ticking material shall not be a ``difference in materials'' as that phrase is used in Sec. Sec. 1632.1 (j) and (k). Consequently, any ticking material evaluated as Class A under this test procedure may be used on any qualified mattress prototype or on any qualified mattress pad prototype without conducting new prototype tests. (3) Substitution of any ticking which has been evaluated as Class B using the procedure in this Sec. 1632.6 for the ticking material used on any mattress prototype or on any mattress pad prototype which was qualified in prototype testing with a testing material evaluated as Class B or a Class C shall not be a ``difference in materials'' as that phrase is used in Sec. Sec. 1632.1 (j) and (k). Consequently, any ticking material evaluated as Class B under this test procedure may be used on any mattress or mattress pad which wa qualified in prototype testing with a Class B or Class C ticking material without conducting new prototype tests. However, if Class B ticking material is to be used on any mattress or mattress pad which was qualified in prototype testing with a Class A ticking material, the mattress prototype or mattress pad prototype must be requalified, using a Class B ticking. (4) A ticking material which has been evaluated as Class C using the procedure in this Sec. 1632.6 may be used only on a mattress or mattress pad which was qualified in prototype testing with that particular Class C ticking material. Consequently, a ticking material evaluated as Class C under this test procedure may not be used on any mattress or mattress pad which was qualified in prototype testing using another Class C ticking material, or a Class A or Class B ticking material, without conducting new prototype tests. (d) General requirements. (1) This procedure is a ticking prototype performance classification test. Ticking not classified according to this procedure may be used on mattresses or mattress pads if the mattress prototype or mattress pad prototype has been qualified utilizing the unclassified ticking in question. (2) Test criterion. (i) Cigarette--An individual cigarette test location passes the test if the char length is not more than 1 inch (2.54 cm) in any direction from the nearest point of the cigarette, and the cotton felt is not ignited. CAUTION: In the interest of safety, the test operator should discontinue the test and record a failure before reaching the 1 inch (2.54 cm) char length if, in his opinion, an obvious ignition has occurred. (ii) Test Specimen--An individual test specimen passes the test if all three cigarette test locations meet the cigarette test criterion of this paragraph. (3) Specimen selection. Three specimens shall be used for each ticking prototype classification test, with each specimen measuring no less than 20 inches by 20 inches (50.8 cm x 50.8 cm) square. The three specimens shall be selected from any fabric piece taken from a ticking prototype. The specimens shall be representative of the ticking prototype. (4) Ticking classification. A ticking prototype is classified as Class A, Class B, or Class C, in accordance with the following schedules. (i) Class A--A ticking prototype is classified as Class A when three specimens, tested in accordance with Sec. 1632.6(e), meet the test criterion in Sec. 1632.6(d)(2) when the ticking is tested directly over the cotton felt on the test box. (ii) Class B--A ticking prototype is classified as Class B when three specimens, tested according to Sec. 1632.6(e), meet the test criterion in Sec. 1632.6(d)(2) when the ticking is tested on a \1/4\ inch \1/32\ inch (6.3 mm .8 mm) thick urethane foam pad covering the cotton felt on the test box. (iii) Class C--A ticking prototype is classified as Class C when any specimen tested according to Sec. 1632.6(e), fails to meet the test criterion in Sec. 1632.6(d)(2) when the ticking is tested on a \1/4\ inch \1/32\ inch (6.3 mm .8 mm) thick urethane foam pad covering the cotton felt on the test box. [[Page 910]] (e) Test procedure--(1) Apparatus. For the purpose of this section the following apparatus and materials are required in addition to that which is listed in Sec. 1632.4 (a) and (b). (i) Sheet and sheeting material. Test covers made from sheets or sheeting material shall not be less than 12 inches by 12 inches (30.48 cm by 30.48 cm) square. (ii) Template. Designed to allow for a one inch marking around the placement of the cigarette (see figure 3). Use of this template is optional. (iii) Stapler or masking tape or other means of attachment to secure fabric to test box. (iv) Mounting box. A 6 inch deep, 12 inch square plywood box. The box contains two \1/2\ inch in diameter ventilation holes. (See figure 4.) (v) Cotton felt. (A) The cotton felt shall be a thoroughly-garnetted mixture of all new material consisting of not less than 67% linters and of not more than 33% clean picker blend or equivalent binder and not more than 5% non-cellulosic total content. The felt shall not be bleached, moistened or chemically treated in any way. (B) The felt may be re-used repeatedly after completion of each test by removing all of the smoldering, charred, heat-discolored fibers, or fibers exposed to water as a result of extinguishing the cotton ignited by previous test. (vi) Urethane foam. The urethane foam shall have a density of 1.2 to 1.5 pounds per cubic foot, an indention load deflection of 22 to 35 pounds, with each test specimen measuring no less than 12 inches by 12 inches (30.48 cm by 30.48 cm) square, having a thickness of \1/4\ inch \1/32\ inch (6.3 mm .8 mm). The foam shall not be treated with a flame retardant chemical. (2) Conditioning. The test specimens, cigarettes, laundered sheets or sheeting material, foam and felt shall be conditioned as described in Sec. 1632.4(c). (3) Specimen preparation. (i) Place 907.24 grams (two pounds) of cotton felt in the test box, allowing the felt to protrude above the opening of the box to a height of up to 3 inches (7.62 cm) at the crown. (ii) For the first part of this test, place a 12 inches by 12 inches (30.48 cm by 30.48 cm) square urethane foam pad on top of the cotton felt. Stretch the ticking specimen over the foam pad and fasten it to the sides of the test box using a stapler or tape. Be careful to avoid wrinkles in the fabric and have sufficient tautness to assure firm contact between the fabric and the filling materials in the test box. (4) Testing. (i) Ticking specimens shall be tested in a testroom with atmospheric conditions of a temperature greater than 18 [deg]C (65 [deg]F) and a relative humidity less than 55%. (ii) Three cigarettes shall be burned on each ticking specimen, with no more than one cigarette burning at any time. At least one cigarette shall be placed on the most prominent part of the color and weave pattern design in the ticking. If the ticking is quilted, one cigarette shall be placed over the thread or in the depression created by the quilting process. Each cigarette must be positioned no less than two inches (5.08 cm) from any other cigarette or the edge of the box. (iii) Light and place one cigarette on the test specimen. Immediately cover the burning cigarette with a sheet test cover. The cigarette shall be well lighted but not burned more than 4 mm (0.16 inch) when placed on the test specimen. The cigarette may be supported by three straight pins such that one pin supports the cigarette at the burning end, one at the center and one at the butt. The heads of the pins must be below the upper surface of the cigarette. Upon completion of the three cigarette burns and removal of the fabric and foam specimens, remove all of the char or heat discoloration on the cotton felt as stated in Sec. 1632.6(e)(v)(B). Fresh new felt shall be added to replace the discarded fibers in the amount necessary to maintain the full 907.24 grams (two pounds) of felt for each test. (iv) If the cigarette extinguishes before burning its full length, the test must be repeated with a freshly lit cigarette on a different portion of the ticking specimen until either three cigarettes have burned their full lengths or three cigarettes have extinguished. Report result for each cigarette as pass or fail as defined in Test [[Page 911]] Criterion Sec. 1632.6(d)(2). An obvious ignition is recorded as a failure. (v) If ignition occurs with any of the three cigarette burns on the ticking specimen, terminate testing of that specimen and classify according to Sec. 1632.6(d)(4). (vi) If all cigarette test locations meet the Test Criterion in Sec. 1632.6(d)(2), repeat procedure outlined in Sec. 1632.6(e)(4)(iii) for the second part of the test with new ticking specimens that will be retested directly over the cotton felt, without the urethane foam pad. Remove the urethane foam pad and charred or heat discolored area from the cotton felt as specified in Sec. 1632.6(e)(v)(B) prior to testing. Record the test results as pass or fail as defined in Test Criterion Sec. 1632.6(d)(2) and classify according to Sec. 1632.6(d)(4). (5) Records. Records of any ticking classification test results relied upon by the mattress or mattress pad manufacturer or importer shall be maintained in accordance with rules and regulations established by the Consumer Product Safety Commission in Sec. 1632.31(c). As provided by Sec. 1632.31(c)(6), manufacturers or importers of mattresses or mattress pads may rely on a certification of compliance with this section of the standard provided by the ticking manufacturer or distributor; however, if a mattress or mattress pad fails to comply with the standard, the mattress or mattress pad manufacturer or importer must assume full responsibility under the standard. The Commission has no authority under this standard to compel ticking manufacturers or distributors to comply with this section or to establish, maintain and provide upon request, the records specified in Sec. 1632.31(c). [[Page 912]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.099 [[Page 913]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.100 [[Page 914]] Sec. 1632.7 Tape edge substitution procedure. (a) Sections 1632.1 (j) and (k) provide in part that ``a change in existing material shall be deemed a difference in materials for purposes of prototype definition unless it is shown to the satisfaction of the Consumer Product Safety Commission that such change will not reduce the ignition resistance'' of the mattress prototype or the mattress pad prototype. (b) The Commission will regard a showing ``to the satisfaction of the Consumer Product Safety Commission'' to have been made with respect to materials substitution of items such as flange materials and tapes at the tape edge under the following circumstances: (1) The mattress or mattress pad prototype has been qualified previously under the provisions of Sec. 1632.3; and (2) A substitution of materials involving only tape edge construction is contemplated; and (3) A prototype mattress or mattress pad incorporating the substitute materials has been tested in accordance with applicable procedures in Sec. 1632.4 by placing 36 cigarettes (18 per surface--9 bare and 9 two-sheet) at tape edge locations with no test failure as determined by applying the test criterion of Sec. 1632.3(b); and (4) Records are maintained setting forth the details of the materials substitution and showing the results of the testing referred to in paragraph (b)(3) of this section. The records are to be maintained in accordance with regulations established by the Consumer Product Safety Commission (see Sec. 1632.31). Sec. 1632.8 Glossary of terms. (a) Absorbent pads. Pad used on top of mattress. Designed to absorb urine thereby reducing skin irritation, can be one time use. (b) Basket pad. Cushion for use in an infant basket. (c) Bunk beds. A tier of beds, usually two or three, in a high frame complete with mattresses (see fig. 5). (d) Car bed. Portable bed used to carry a baby in an automobile. (e) Carriage pad. Cushion to go into a baby carriage. (f) Chaise lounge. An upholstered couch chair or a couch with a chair back. It has a permanent back rest, no arms, and sleeps one (see fig. 5). (g) Convertible sofa. An upholstered sofa that converts into an adult sized bed. Mattress unfolds out and up from under the seat cushioning (see fig. 5). (h) Convoluted foam pad. A bed pad made of foam in an egg-crate configuration not encased in ticking. (i) Corner groups. Two twin size bedding sets on frames, usually slipcovered, and abutted to a corner table. They also usually have loose bolsters slipcovered (see fig. 5). (j) Crib bumper. Padded cushion which goes around three or four sides inside a crib to protect the baby. Can also be used in a playpen. (k) Daybed. Daybed has foundation, usually supported by coil or flat springs, mounted between arms on which mattress is placed. It has permanent arms, no backrest, and sleeps one (see fig. 5). (l) Decubitus pad. Designed to prevent or assist in the healing of decubitus ulcers (bed sores). Flat decubitus pads are covered by the standard. Convoluted decubitus pads made entirely from foam are not covered by the standard. (m) Dressing table pad. Pad to cushion a baby on top of a dressing table. (n) Drop-arm loveseat. When side arms are in vertical position, this piece is a loveseat. The adjustable arms can be lowered to one of four positions for a chaise lounge effect or a single sleeper. The vertical back support always remains upright and stationary (see fig. 5). (o) Futon. A flexible mattress generally used on the floor that can be folded or rolled up for storage. It usually consists of resilient material covered by ticking. (p) High riser. This is a frame of sofa seating height with two equal size mattresses without a backrest. The frame slides out with the lower bed and rises to form a double or two single beds (see fig. 5). (q) Infant carrier and lounge pad. Pad to cushion a baby in an infant carrier. (r) Mattress foundation. Consists of any surface such as foam, box springs or other, upon which a mattress is [[Page 915]] placed to lend it support for use in sleeping upon. (s) Pillow. Cloth bag filled with resilient material such as feathers, down, sponge rubber, urethane, or fiber used as the support for the head of a person. (t) Playpen pad. Cushion used on the bottom of a playpen. (u) Portable crib. Smaller size than a conventional crib. Can usually be converted into a playpen. (v) Press-back lounges. Longer and wider than conventional sofa beds. When the lounge seat is pressed lightly, it levels off to form, with the seat, a flat sleeping surface. The seat slopes, in the sitting position, for added comfort (see fig. 5). (w) Push-back sofa. When pressure is exerted on the back of the sofa, it becomes a bed. When the back is lifted, it becomes a sofa again. Styled in tight or loose cushions (see fig. 5). (x) Roll-away-bed. Portable bed which has frame which folds in half with the mattress for compact storage. (y) Sleep lounge. Upholstered seating section is mounted on a sturdy frame. May have bolster pillows along the wall as backrests or may have attached headrests (see fig. 5). (z) Stroller pad. Cushion used in a baby stroller. (aa) Sofa bed. These are pieces in which the back of the sofa swings down flat with the seat to form the sleeping surface. All upholstered. Some sofa beds have bedding boxes for storage of bedding. There are two types: the one-piece, where the back and seat are upholstered as a unit, supplying an unbroken sleeping surface; and the two-piece, where back and seat are upholstered separately (see fig. 5). (bb) Sofa lounge--(includes glideouts). Upholstered seating section is mounted on springs and in a special frame that permit it to be pulled out for sleeping. Has upholstered backrest bedding box that is hinged. Glideouts are single sleepers with sloping seats and backrests. Seat pulls out from beneath back and evens up to supply level sleeping surface (see fig. 5). (cc) Studio couch. Consists of upholstered seating section on upholstered foundation. Many types convert to twin beds (see fig. 5). (dd) Studio divan. Twin size upholstered seating section with foundation is mounted on metal bed frame. Has no arms or backrest, and sleeps one (see fig. 5). (ee) Trundle bed. A low bed which is rolled under a larger bed. In some lines, the lower bed springs up to form a double or two single beds as in a high riser (see fig. 5). (ff) Twin studio divan. Frames which glide out (but not up) and use seat cushions, in addition to upholstered foundation to sleep two. Has neither arms nor back rest (see fig. 5). [[Page 916]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC03OC91.101 Effective date: The amended standard shall become effective on April 10, 1985. As required by section 4(b) of the Flammable Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C. 1193(b)), mattresses and mattress pads which are in inventory or with the trade on the effective date of the amended standard are exempt from its requirements, but must comply with all applicable requirements of the original standard. Subpart B_Rules and Regulations Sec. 1632.31 Mattresses/mattress pads--labeling, recordkeeping, guaranties and ``one of a kind'' exemption. (a) Definitions. For the purposes of this section, the following definitions apply: (1) Standard for the Flammability of Mattresses or Standard means the Standard for the Flammability of Mattresses and Mattress Pads (FF 4- 72, amended), (16 CFR part 1632, subpart A). [[Page 917]] (2) The definition of terms set forth in the Sec. 1632.1 of the Standard shall also apply to this section. (b) Labeling. (1) All mattress pads which contain a chemical fire retardant shall be labeled with precautionary instructions to protect the pads from agents or treatments which are known to cause deterioration of their flame resistance. Such labels shall be permanent, prominent, conspicuous, and legible. (2) If a mattress pad contains a chemical fire retardant, it shall be prominently, conspicuously, and legibly labeled with the letter ``T''. (3) Each mattress or mattress pad subject to the Standard shall bear a permanent, accessible, and legible label containing the month and year of manufacture and the location of the manufacturer. (See Sec. 1632.1(i) of the Amended Standard.) (4) The information required on labels by this section shall be set forth separately from any other information appearing on such label. Other information, representations, or disclosures, appearing on labels required by this section or elsewhere on the item, shall not interfere with, minimize, detract from, or conflict with the required information. (5) No person, other than the ultimate consumer, shall remove or mutilate, or cause or participate in the removal or mutilation of, any label required by this section to be affixed to any item. (6) Products intended for one time use (see Sec. 1632.5(b)(1)(i)) are not subject to the requirements of paragraphs (1) and (2) of this Sec. 1632.31(b). (c) Records--manufacturers, importers, or persons initially introducing items into commerce. Every manufacturer, importer, or other person initially introducing into commerce mattresses or mattress pads subject to the standard, irrespective of whether guarantees are issued relative thereto, shall maintain the records hereinafter specified. (1) Manufacturing specifications and description of each mattress or mattress pad prototype with an assigned prototype identification number. (2) Test results and details of each prototype test performed in accordance with Sec. 1632.4 or Sec. 1632.5, including prototype identification number, ticking classification if known, test room condition, cigarette locations, number of relights for each location, whether each cigarette location passed or failed, name and signature of person conducting the test and date of test. These records shall include a certification by the person overseeing the testing as to the test results and that the test was carried out in accordance with the Standard. (3) Photograph (color or black and white) of the bare surface of each mattress or mattress pad tested, in accordance with Sec. 1632.4 or Sec. 1632.5, with the prototype identification number of the mattress or mattress pad and a clear designation as to which part of the mattress or mattress pad was sheeted and which part was tested bare. (4) Records to support any determination that a particular material, other than the ticking or tape edge material used in a mattress or mattress pad prototype, did not influence the ignition resistance of the prototype and could be substituted by another material. Such record should include photographs or physical specimens. (5) Manufacturing specifications and description of any new ticking or tape edge material substituted in accordance with Sec. 1632.6 or Sec. 1632.7, with the identification number of the prototype involved. (6) The test results and details of any ticking classification test conducted in accordance with Sec. 1632.6, including the ticking classification (A, B, or C), the test room condition, the number of relights, whether each cigarette location passed or failed, the name and signature of the person conducting the test and the date of the test, or a certification from the ticking supplier. The certification should state the ticking classification and that the ticking was tested in accordance with Sec. 1632.6. (7) The test results and details of any test of tape edge materials conducted in accordance with Sec. 1632.7, including prototype identification number, test room condition, number of relights, whether each cigarette passed or failed, name and signature of person conducting the test and date of test. The record shall include a certification by the person overseeing the testing as to [[Page 918]] the test results and that the test was carried out in accordance with Sec. 1632.7. (8) Photograph (color or black and white) of the bare surface of each mattress or mattress pad tested in accordance with Sec. 1632.7, with the prototype identification number of the mattress or mattress pad and a clear designation as to which part of the mattress or mattress pad was sheeted and which part was tested bare. (9) Details of any approved alternate laundering procedure used in laundering mattress pads required by the Standard to be laundered during testing. (10) Identification, composition, and details of the application of any flame retardant treatments employed relative to mattress pads or mattress pad components. (11) Disposition of all failing or rejected prototype mattress or mattress pads. Such records must demonstrate that the items were retested and reworked in accordance with the Standard prior to sale or distribution and that such retested or reworked mattresses or mattress pads comply with the Standard, or must otherwise show the disposition of such items. (12) The records required by this paragraph shall be maintained for as long as the prototype is in production, the ticking is being used on the mattresses or mattress pad prototype, and/or the tape edge material is being used on the mattress or mattress pad prototype, and shall be retained for 3 years thereafter. (d) Tests for guaranty purposes. Reasonable and representative tests for the purpose of issuing a guaranty under section 8 of the Act for mattress or mattress pads subject to the Standard shall be those prototype and substitution tests performed, pursuant to the requirements of the Standard. (e) Compliance with this section. No person subject to the Flammable Fabrics Act shall manufacture for sale, import, distribute, or otherwise market or handle any mattress or mattress pad which is not in compliance with Sec. 1632.31. (f) ``One of a kind'' exemption for physician prescribed mattresses and mattress pads. (1) A mattress or mattress pad manufactured in accordance with a physician's written prescription or manufactured in accordance with other comparable written medical therapeutic specification, to be used in connection with the treatment or management of a named individual's physical illiness or injury, shall be considered a ``one of a kind mattress'' and shall be exempt from testing under the Standard pursuant to Sec. 1632.2(b)(4) thereof: Provided, that the mattress bears a permanent, conspicuous and legible label which states: WARNING: This mattress or mattress pad may be subject to ignition and hazardous smoldering from cigarettes. It was manufactured in accordance with a physician's prescription and has not been tested under the Federal Standard for the Flammability of Mattresses (FF 4-72). Such labeling must be attached to the mattress or mattress pad so as to remain on or affixed thereto for the useful life of the mattress or mattress pad. The label must be at least 40 square inches (250 sq. cm) with no linear dimension less than 5 inches (12.5 cm). The letters in the word ``WARNING'' shall be no less than 0.5 inch (1.27 cm) in height and all letters on the label shall be in a color which contrasts with the background of the label. The warning statement which appears on the label must also be conspicuously displayed on the invoice or other sales papers that accompany the mattress in commerce from the manufacturer to the final point of sale to a consumer. (2) The manfacturer of a mattress or mattress pad exempted from testing under this paragraph shall, in lieu of the records required to be kept by paragraph (c) of this section, retain a copy of the written prescription or other comparable written medical therapeutic specification for such mattress or mattress pad during a period of three years, measured from the date of manufacture. (3) For purposes of this regulation the term physician shall mean a physician, chiropractor or osteopath licensed or otherwise permitted to practice by any State of the United States. [[Page 919]] Subpart C_Interpretations and Policies Sec. Sec. 1632.61-1632.62 [Reserved] Sec. 1632.63 Policy clarification on renovation of mattress. (a) Section 3 of the Flammable Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C. 1192) prohibits, among other things, the ``manufacture for sale'' of any product which fails to conform to an applicable standard issued under the act. The standard for the Flammability of Mattresses, as amended (FF 4-72) (subpart A of this part), issued pursuant to the act, provides that, with certain exceptions, mattress must be tested according to a prescribed method. The standard does not exempt renovation; nor does it specifically refer to renovation. (b) The purpose of this document is to inform the public that mattresses renovated for sale are considered by the Commission to be mattresses manufactured for sale and, therefore, subject to the requirements of the Mattress Standard. The Commission believes that this policy clarification will better protect the public against the unreasonable risk of fires leading to death, personal injury or significant property damage, and assure that purchasers of renovated mattresses receive the same protection under the Flammable Fabrics Act as purchasers of new mattresses. (c) For purposes of this document, mattress renovation includes a wide range of operations. Replacing the ticking or batting, stripping a mattress to its springs, rebuilding a mattress, or replacing components with new or recycled materials, are all part of the process of renovation. Any one, or any combination of one or more, of these steps in mattress renovation is considered to be mattress manufacture. (d) If the person who renovates the mattress intends to retain the renovated mattress for his or her own use, or if a customer or a renovator merely hires the services of the renovator and intends to take back the renovated mattress for his or her own use, ``manufacture for sale'' has not occurred and such a renovated mattress is not subject to the mattress standard. (e) However, if a renovated mattress is sold or intended for sale, either by the renovator or the owner of the mattress who hires the services of the renovator, such a transaction is considered to be ``manufacture for sale''. (f) Accordingly, mattress renovation is considered by the Commission to be ``manufacture for sale'' and, therefore, subject to the Mattress Standard, when renovated mattresses are sold or intended for sale by a renovator or the customer of the renovator. (g) A renovator who believes that certain mattresses are entitled to one-of-a-kind exemption, may present relevant facts to the Commission and petition for an exemption. Renovators are expected to comply with all the testing requirements of the Mattress Standard until an exemption is approved. PART 1633_STANDARD FOR THE FLAMMABILITY (OPEN FLAME) OF MATTRESS SETS-- Table of Contents Subpart A_The Standard Sec. 1633.1 Purpose, scope and applicability. 1633.2 Definitions. 1633.3 General requirements. 1633.4 Prototype testing requirements. 1633.5 Prototype pooling and confirmation testing requirements. 1633.6 Quality assurance requirements. 1633.7 Mattress test procedure. 1633.8 Findings. 1633.9 Glossary of terms. Subpart B_Rules and Regulations 1633.10 Definitions. 1633.11 Records. 1633.12 Labeling. 1633.13 Tests for guaranty purposes, compliance with this section, and ``one of a kind'' exemption. Figure 1 to Part 1633--Test Assembly, Shown in Furniture Calorimeter (Configuration A) Figure 2 to Part 1633--Test Arrangement in 3.05m x 3.66m (10 ft x 12 ft) Room (Configuration B) Figure 3 to Part 1633--Details of Horizontal Burner Head Figure 4 to Part 1633--Details of Vertical Burner Head Figure 5 to Part 1633--Details of Burner Stand-off Figure 6 to Part 1633--Burner Assembly Showing Arms and Pivots (Shoulder [[Page 920]] Screws), in Relation to, Portable Frame Allowing Burner Height Adjustment Figure 7 to Part 1633--Elements of Propane Flow Control for Each Burner Figure 8 to Part 1633--Jig for Setting Mattresses and Foundation Sides in Same Plane Figure 9 to Part 1633--Burner Placements on Mattress/Foundation Figure 10 to Part 1633--Jig for Setting Burners at Proper Distances From Mattress/Foundation Figure 11 to Part 1633--Diagrams for Glossary of Terms Figure 12 to Part 1633--Labels for Domestic Mattress with Foundation Figure 13 to Part 1633--Labels for Imported Mattress with Foundation Figures 14-15 to Part 1633--Label for Domestic Mattress Alone and with Foundation and Label for Imported Mattress Alone and With Foundation Figures 16-17 to Part 1633--Label for Domestic Mattress Only and Label for Imported Mattress Only Authority: 15 U.S.C. 1193, 1194 Source: 71 FR 13498, Mar. 15, 2006, unless otherwise noted. Subpart A_The Standard Sec. 1633.1 Purpose, scope and applicability. (a) Purpose. This part 1633 establishes flammability requirements that all mattress sets must meet before sale or introduction into commerce. The purpose of the standard is to reduce deaths and injuries associated with mattress fires by limiting the size of the fire generated by a mattress set during a thirty minute test. (b) Scope. (1) All mattress sets, as defined in Sec. 1633.2(c), manufactured, imported, or renovated on or after the effective date of this standard are subject to the requirements of the standard. (2) One-of-a-kind mattress sets may be exempted from testing under this standard in accordance with Sec. 1633.13(c). (c) Applicability. The requirements of this part 1633 shall apply to each ``manufacturer'' (as that term is defined in Sec. 1633.2(k)) of mattress sets which are manufactured for sale in commerce. Sec. 1633.2 Definitions. In addition to the definitions given in section 2 of the Flammable Fabrics Act as amended (15 U.S.C. 1191), the following definitions apply for purposes of this part 1633. (a) Mattress means a resilient material or combination of materials enclosed by a ticking (used alone or in combination with other products) intended or promoted for sleeping upon. This includes mattresses that have undergone renovation as defined in paragraph (d) of this section. (1) This term includes, but is not limited to, adult mattresses, youth mattresses, crib mattresses (including portable crib mattresses), bunk bed mattresses, futons, flip chairs without a permanent back or arms, sleeper chairs, and water beds or air mattresses if they contain upholstery material between the ticking and the mattress core. Mattresses used in or as part of upholstered furniture are also included; examples are convertible sofa bed mattresses, corner group mattresses, day bed mattresses, roll-away bed mattresses, high risers, and trundle bed mattresses. See Sec. 1633.9 Glossary of terms, for definitions of these items. (2) This term excludes mattress pads, mattress toppers (items with resilient filling, with or without ticking, intended to be used with or on top of a mattress), sleeping bags, pillows, liquid and gaseous filled tickings, such as water beds and air mattresses that contain no upholstery material between the ticking and the mattress core, upholstered furniture which does not contain a mattress, and juvenile product pads such as car bed pads, carriage pads, basket pads, infant carrier and lounge pads, dressing table pads, stroller pads, crib bumpers, and playpen pads. See Sec. 1633.9 Glossary of terms, for definitions of these items. (b) Foundation means a ticking covered structure used to support a mattress or sleep surface. The structure may include constructed frames, foam, box springs, or other materials, used alone or in combination. (c) Mattress set means either a mattress and foundation labeled by the manufacturer for sale as a set, or a mattress labeled by the manufacturer for sale without any foundation. [[Page 921]] (d) Renovation means altering an existing mattress set for the purpose of resale. (1) This term includes any one, or any combination of the following: replacing the ticking or batting, stripping a mattress to its springs, rebuilding a mattress, or replacing components with new or recycled materials. (2) This term excludes alterations if the person who renovates the mattress intends to retain the renovated mattress for his or her own use, or if a customer or a renovator merely hires the services of the renovator and intends to take back the renovated mattress for his or her own use. (e) Ticking means the outermost layer of fabric or related material of a mattress or foundation. It does not include any other layers of fabric or related materials quilted together with, or otherwise attached to, the outermost layer of fabric or related material. (f) Upholstery material means all material, either loose or attached, between the mattress ticking and the core of a mattress. (g) Edge means the seamed, un-seamed or taped border edge of a mattress or foundation that joins the top and/or bottom with the side panels. (h) Tape edge means an edge made by using binding tape to encase and finish raw edges. (i) Binding tape means a fabric strip used in the construction of some edges. (j) Seam thread means the thread used to form stitches in construction features, seams, and tape edges. (k) Manufacturer means an individual plant or factory at which mattress sets are manufactured or assembled. For purposes of this part 1633, importers and renovators are considered manufacturers. (l) Prototype means a specific design of mattress set that serves as a model for production units intended to be introduced into commerce and is the same as the production units with respect to materials, components, design and methods of assembly. A mattress intended for sale with a foundation(s) shall be considered a separate and distinct prototype from a mattress intended for sale without a foundation. (m) Prototype developer means a third party that develops a prototype for use by a manufacturer. Such prototypes may be qualified by either the prototype developer or by the manufacturer. (n) Qualified prototype means a prototype that has been tested in accordance with Sec. 1633.4(a) and meets the criteria stated in Sec. 1633.3(b). (o) Confirmed prototype means a prototype that is part of a pooling arrangement and is the same as a qualified prototype with respect to materials, components, design and methods of assembly and has been tested in accordance with Sec. 1633.5(a)(3) and meets the criteria stated in Sec. 1633.3(b). (p) Subordinate prototype means a mattress set that is based on a qualified or confirmed prototype and is the same as the qualified or confirmed prototype, except as permitted by Sec. 1633.4(b). A subordinate prototype is considered to be represented by a qualified or confirmed prototype and need not be tested in accordance with Sec. 1633.4(a) or Sec. 1633.5(a)(3). (q) Prototype pooling means a cooperative arrangement--whereby one or more manufacturers build mattress sets based on a qualified prototype produced by another manufacturer or prototype developer. A manufacturer who relies on another manufacturer's or prototype developer's qualified prototype must perform a confirmation test on the mattress set it manufactures. (r) Confirmation test means a pre-market test conducted by a manufacturer who is relying on a qualified prototype produced by another manufacturer or prototype developer. A confirmation test must be conducted in accordance with the procedures set forth in Sec. 1633.7 and meet the criteria in Sec. 1633.3(b). (s) Production lot means any quantity of finished mattress sets that are produced in production intervals defined by the manufacturer, and are intended to replicate a specific qualified, confirmed or subordinate prototype that complies with this part 1633. (t) Specimen means a mattress set tested under this regulation. (u) Twin size means any mattress with the dimensions 38 inches (in) (965 millimeters) x 74.5 in. (1892 mm); all dimensions may vary by \1/2\ in. (13 mm). [[Page 922]] (v) Core means the main support system that may be present in a mattress, such as springs, foam, water bladder, air bladder, or resilient filling. Sec. 1633.3 General requirements. (a) Summary of test method. The test method set forth in Sec. 1633.7 measures the flammability (fire test response characteristics) of a mattress specimen by exposing the specimen to a specified flaming ignition source and allowing it to burn freely under well-ventilated, controlled environmental conditions. The flaming ignition source shall be a pair of propane burners. These burners impose differing fluxes for differing times on the top and sides of the specimen. During and after this exposure, measurements shall be made of the time-dependent heat release rate from the specimen, quantifying the energy generated by the fire. The rate of heat release must be measured by means of oxygen consumption calorimetry. (b) Test criteria. (1) When testing the mattress set in accordance with the test procedure set forth in Sec. 1633.7, the specimen shall comply with both of the following criteria: (i) The peak rate of heat release shall not exceed 200 kilowatts (``kW'') at any time within the 30 minute test; and (ii) The total heat release shall not exceed 15 megajoules (``MJ'') for the first 10 minutes of the test. (2) In the interest of safety, the test operator should discontinue the test and record a failure if a fire develops to such a size as to require suppression for the safety of the facility. (c) Testing of mattress sets. Mattresses labeled for sale with a foundation shall be tested with such foundation. Mattresses labeled for sale without a foundation shall be tested alone. (d) Compliance with this standard. Each mattress set manufactured, imported, or renovated on or after the effective date of the standard shall meet the test criteria specified in paragraph (b) of this section and otherwise comply with all applicable requirements of this part 1633. Sec. 1633.4 Prototype testing requirements. (a) Except as otherwise provided in paragraph (b) of this section, each manufacturer shall cause three specimens of each prototype to be tested according to Sec. 1633.7 and obtain passing test results according to Sec. 1633.3(b) before selling or introducing into commerce any mattress set based on that prototype, unless the manufacturer complies with the prototype pooling and confirmation testing requirements in Sec. 1633.5. (b) Notwithstanding the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section, a manufacturer may sell or introduce into commerce a mattress set that has not been tested according to Sec. 1633.7 if that mattress set differs from a qualified or confirmed prototype only with respect to: (1) Mattress/foundation length and width, not depth (e.g., twin, queen, king); (2) Ticking, unless the ticking of the qualified prototype has characteristics (such as chemical treatment or special fiber composition) designed to improve performance on the test prescribed in this part; and/or (3) Any component, material, design or method of assembly, so long as the manufacturer can demonstrate on an objectively reasonable basis that such differences will not cause the mattress set to exceed the test criteria specified in Sec. 1633.3(b). (c) All tests must be conducted on specimens that are no smaller than a twin size, unless the largest size mattress set produced is smaller than a twin size, in which case the largest size must be tested. (d)(1) If each of the three specimens meets both the criteria specified in Sec. 1633.3(b), the prototype shall be qualified. If any one (1) specimen fails to meet the test criteria of Sec. 1633.3(b), the prototype is not qualified. (2) Any manufacturer may produce a mattress set for sale in reliance on prototype tests performed before the effective date of this Standard, provided: (i) The manufacturer has documentation showing that such tests were conducted in accordance with all requirements of this section and Sec. 1633.7 and yielded passing results according to the test criteria of Sec. 1633.3(b); (ii) Any tests conducted more than 30 days after publication of this standard in the Federal Register must comply [[Page 923]] with the recordkeeping requirements in Sec. 1633.11; (iii) Such mattress sets may be used for prototype pooling only if the manufacturer complies with applicable recordkeeping requirements in Sec. 1633.11; and (iv) Such mattress sets may serve as the basis for a subordinate prototype only if the manufacturer has all records required by Sec. 1633.11. Sec. 1633.5 Prototype pooling and confirmation testing requirements. (a) Prototype pooling. One or more manufacturers may rely on a qualified prototype produced by another manufacturer or prototype developer provided that: (1) The prototype meets the requirements of Sec. 1633.4; (2) The mattress sets being produced are the same as the qualified prototype with respect to materials, components, design and methods of assembly; and (3) The manufacturer producing mattress sets in reliance on a qualified prototype has performed a confirmation test on at least one (1) Specimen of the mattress set it produces in accordance with Sec. 1633.7. The tested specimen must meet the criteria under Sec. 1633.3(b) before any mattress sets based on the qualified prototype may be sold or introduced into commerce. (b) Confirmation test failure. (1) If the confirmation test specimen fails to meet the criteria of Sec. 1633.3(b), the manufacturer thereof shall not sell any mattress set based on the same qualified prototype until that manufacturer takes corrective measures, tests a new specimen, and the new specimen meets the criteria of Sec. 1633.3(b). (2) If a confirmation test specimen fails to meet the criteria of Sec. 1633.3(b), the manufacturer thereof must notify the manufacturer of the prototype of the test failure. Sec. 1633.6 Quality assurance requirements. (a) Quality assurance. Each manufacturer shall implement a quality assurance program to ensure that mattress sets manufactured for sale are the same as the qualified and/or confirmed prototype on which they are based with respect to materials, components, design and methods of assembly, except as permitted by Sec. 1633.4(b). At a minimum these procedures shall include: (1) Controls, including incoming inspection procedures, of all mattress set materials, components and methods of assembly to ensure that they are the same as those used in the prototype on which they are based; (2) Designation of a production lot that is represented by the prototype; and (3) Inspection of mattress sets produced for sale sufficient to demonstrate that they are the same as the prototype on which they are based with respect to materials, components, design and methods of assembly. (b) Production testing. Manufacturers are encouraged to conduct, as part of the quality assurance program, random testing of mattress sets being produced for sale according to the requirements of Sec. Sec. 1633.3 and 1633.7. (c) Failure of mattress sets produced for sale to meet flammability standard--(1) Sale of mattress sets. If any test performed for quality assurance yields results which indicate that any mattress set of a production lot does not meet the criteria of Sec. 1633.3(b), or if a manufacturer obtains test results or other evidence that a component or material or construction/assembly process used could negatively affect the test performance of the mattress set as set forth in Sec. 1633.3(b), the manufacturer shall cease production and distribution in commerce of such mattress sets until corrective action is taken. (2) Corrective action. A manufacturer must take corrective action when any mattress set manufactured or imported for sale fails to meet the flammability test criteria set forth in Sec. 1633.3(b). Sec. 1633.7 Mattress test procedure. (a) Apparatus and test materials--(1) Calorimetry. The rate of heat release must be measured by means of oxygen consumption calorimetry. The calibration should follow generally accepted practices for calibration. The calorimetry system shall be calibrated at a minimum of two (2) calibration points--at 75 kW and 200 kW. (2) Test area. The test area must have either Test Configuration A or B. The [[Page 924]] test area conditions shall be maintained at a temperature greater than 15 [deg]C (59 [deg]F) and less than 27 [deg]C (80.6 [deg]F) and a relative humidity less than 75 percent. (i) Test configuration A. (an open calorimeter (or furniture calorimeter)). In this configuration, the specimen to be tested is placed under the center of an open furniture calorimeter. Figure 1 of this part shows the test assembly atop a bed frame and catch surface. The specimen shall be placed under an open hood which captures the entire smoke plume and is instrumented for heat release rate measurements. The area surrounding the test specimen in an open calorimeter layout shall be sufficiently large that there are no heat re-radiation effects from any nearby materials or objects. The air flow to the test specimen should be symmetrical from all sides. The air flow to the calorimeter hood shall be sufficient to ensure that the entire fire plume is captured, even at peak burning. Skirts may be placed on the hood periphery to help assure this plume capture, if necessary, though they must not be of such an excessive length as to cause the incoming flow to disturb the burning process. Skirts must also not heat up to the point that they contribute significant re-radiation to the test specimen. The air supply to the hood shall be sufficient that the fire is not in any way limited or affected by the available air supply. The fire plume should not enter the hood exhaust duct. Brief (seconds) flickers of flame that occupy only a minor fraction of the hood exhaust duct inlet cross-section are acceptable since they do not signify appreciable suppression of flames. (ii) Test configuration B. The test room shall have dimensions 10 ft. by 12 ft. by 8 ft. (3048 mm x 3658 mm x 2438 mm) high. The specimen is placed within the burn room. All smoke exiting from the room is caught by a hood system instrumented for heat release rate measurements. The room shall have no openings permitting air infiltration other than a doorway opening 38 in 0.25 in by 80 in 0.25 in (965 mm 6.4 mm x 2032 mm 6.4 mm) located as indicated in Figure 2 of this part and other small openings as necessary to make measurements. The test room shall be constructed of wood or metal studs and shall be lined with fire-rated wallboard or calcium silicate board. An exhaust hood shall be positioned outside of the doorway so as to collect all of the combustion gases. There shall be no obstructions in the air supply to the set-up. (3) Location of test specimen. The location of the test specimen is shown in Figure 2 of this part. The angled placement is intended to minimize the interaction of flames on the side surfaces of the test specimen with the room walls. One corner of the test specimen shall be 13 centimeters (cm) to 17 cm from the wall and the other corner shall be 25 cm to 30 cm from the wall. The test room shall contain no other furnishings or combustible materials except for the test specimen. (4) Bed frame. (i) Frame dimensions. The specimen shall be supported around its perimeter by the bed frame with a flat surface and no edges extending up from the surface (i.e., the angle is configured down). For twin size mattresses, the specimen shall be placed on top of a welded bed frame 1.90 m by 0.99 m (75 in by 39 in) made from 40 mm (1.50 in) steel angle. If testing a size other than twin, the test frame shall similarly match the dimensions of the specimen. (ii) Frame height. The frame shall be 115 mm (4.5 in) high, except if adjustments are necessary to accommodate the required burner position in paragraph (h)(2)(ii) of this section. The height of the test frame shall also be adjusted, as necessary, so that the burner is no less than 25mm (1 in) above the supporting surface. (iii) Frame crosspieces. The frame shall be completely open under the foundation except for two crosspieces, 25 mm wide (1 in) at the \1/ 3\ length points, except when sagging of the specimen between the crosspieces exceeds 19 mm (\3/4\ in) below the test frame. Minimal additional crosspieces shall then be added to prevent sagging of the specimen. (5) Catch pan. The bed frame feet shall rest on a surface of either calcium silicate board or fiber cement board, 13 mm (0.5 in) thick, 2.11 m by 1.19 m (83 in by 47 in). The board serves [[Page 925]] as a catch surface for any flaming melt/drip material falling from the bed assembly and may be the location of a pool fire that consumes such materials. This surface must be cleaned between tests to avoid build-up of combustible residues. Lining this surface with aluminum foil to facilitate cleaning is not recommended since this might increase fire intensity via reflected radiation. (6) Ignition source--(i) General. The ignition source shall consist of two T-shaped burners as shown in Figures 3 and 4 of this part. One burner impinges flames on the top surface of the mattress. The second burner impinges flames on the side of the mattress and on the side of the foundation. Each of the burners shall be constructed from stainless steel tubing (12.7 mm diameter with 0.89 0.5 mm wall thickness; 0.50 in diameter with 0.035 0.002 in wall). Each burner shall incorporate a stand-off foot to set its distance from the test specimen surface (Figure 5 of this part). Both burners shall be mounted with a mechanical pivot point but the side burner is locked in place to prevent movement about this pivot in normal usage. The top burner, however, is free to rotate about its pivot during a burner exposure and is lightly weighted so as to exert a downward force on the mattress top through its stand-off foot so that the burner follows a receding top surface on the test specimen (Figure 6 of this part). The combination of burner stand-off distance and propane gas flow rate to the burners determines the heat flux they impose on the surface of the test specimen so that both of these parameters are tightly controlled. (ii) Top surface burner. The T head of the top surface burner (horizontal burner, Figure 3 of this part) shall be 305 2 mm (12 0.08 in) long with gas tight plugs in each end. Each side of the T shall contain 17 holes equally spaced over a 135 mm length (8.5 mm 0.1 mm apart; 0.333 0.005 in). The holes on each side shall begin 8.5 mm (0.33 in) from the centerline of the burner head. The holes shall be 1.45 mm to 1.53 mm (0.058 in to 0.061 in) in diameter (which corresponds to Grade 10 machining practice with a well formed 53 drill bit). The holes shall point 5[deg] out of the plane of the diagram in Figure 3. This broadens the width of the heat flux profile imposed on the surface of the test specimen. (iii) Side surface burner. The T head of the side surface burner (vertical burner) shall be constructed similarly to the top surface burner, as shown in Figure 4 of this part, except that its overall length shall be 254 2 mm (10 0.08 in). Each side of the burner head shall contain 14 holes spaced evenly over a 110 mm length (8.5 mm 0.1 mm apart; 0.333 0.005 in). The holes shall be 1.45 mm to 1.53 mm (0.058 in to 0.061 in) in diameter (which corresponds to Grade 10 machining practice with a well formed 53 drill bit). The holes shall point 5[deg] out of the plane of the diagram in Figure 4. (iv) Burner stand-off. The burner stand-off on each burner shall consist of a collar fixed by a set screw onto the inlet tube of the burner head (Figure 5 of this part). The collar shall hold a 3 mm diameter stainless steel rod having a 12.7 mm by 51 mm by (2-2.5 mm) thick (0.5 in by 2 in by (0.08-0.10 in) thick) stainless steel pad welded on its end with its face (and long axis) parallel to the T head of the burner. The foot pad shall be displaced about 10 mm to 12 mm from the longitudinal centerline of the burner head so that it does not rest on the test specimen in an area of peak heat flux. (v) Burner inlet lines. A short section (9.5 mm outer diameter (``OD''), about 80 mm long; \3/8\ in OD, about 3.2 in long) of copper tubing shall be placed in the inlet gas line just before the burner to facilitate making the burner nominally parallel to the test specimen surface (by a procedure described below). The copper tube on the top surface burner should be protected from excessive heat and surface oxidation by wrapping it with a suitable layer of high temperature insulation to protect the equipment. Both copper tubes are to be bent by hand in the burner alignment process. They must be replaced if they become work-hardened or crimped in any way. The gas inlet lines (12.7 mm OD stainless steel tubing; 0.50 in) serve as arms leading back to the pivot points and beyond, as shown in Figure 6 of this part. The length to the pivot for the top burner shall be approximately 1000 mm (40 in). [[Page 926]] (vi) Burner frame. Figure 6 of this part shows the frame that holds the burners and their pivots, which are adjustable vertically in height. All adjustments (burner height, burner arm length from the pivot point, counterweight positions along the burner arm) are facilitated by the use of knobs or thumbscrews as the set screws. The three point footprint of the burner frame, with the two forward points on wheels, facilitates burner movement and burner stability when stationary. (vii) Arms. The metal arms attached to the burners shall be attached to a separate gas control console by flexible, reinforced plastic tubing. \1\ The gas control console is mounted separately so as to facilitate its safe placement outside of the test room throughout the test procedure. The propane gas lines running between the console and the burner assembly must be anchored on the assembly before running to the burner inlet arms. A 1.5 m 25 mm (58 in 1 in) length of flexible, reinforced tubing between the anchor point and the end of each burner inlet allows free movement of the top burner about its pivot point. The top burner arm shall have a pair of moveable cylindrical counterweights that are used, as described below, to adjust the downward force on the stand-off foot. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ Fiber-reinforced plastic tubing (6 mm ID by 9.5 mm OD; 0.25 inch ID by 0.4 inch OD) made of PVC should be used. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (viii) Burner head. Each burner head shall have a separate pilot light consisting of a 3 mm OD (\1/8\ in OD) copper tube with an independently-controlled supply of propane gas. The tube terminates within 10 mm of the center of the burner head. Care must be taken to set the pilot flame size small enough so as not to heat the test specimen before the timed burner exposure is begun. (ix) Flow control system. Each burner shall have a flow control system of the type shown in Figure 7 of this part. Propane gas from a source such as a bottle is reduced in pressure to approximately 140 5 kilopascals (``kPa'') (20 1 pounds per square inch gage (``psig'')) and fed to the system shown in Figure 7 of this part. The gas flow to the burner is delivered in a square-wave manner (constant flow with rapid onset and termination) by means of the solenoid valve upstream of the flowmeter. An interval timer (accurate to 0.2 s) determines the burner flame duration. The pilot light assures that the burner will ignite when the solenoid valve opens. \2\ The gas flow shall be set using a rotameter type of flowmeter, with a 150 mm scale, calibrated for propane. When calibrating the flowmeter, take into account that the flow resistance of the burner holes causes a finite pressure increase in the flowmeter above ambient. (If a calibration at one atmosphere is provided by the manufacturer, the flowmeter reading, at the internal pressure existing in the meter, required to get the flow rates listed below must be corrected, typically by the square root of the absolute pressure ratio. This calls for measuring the actual pressure in the flow meters when set near the correct flow values. A value roughly in the range of 1 kPa to 3 kPa--5 in to 15 in of water--can be expected.) See information on calibration in paragraph (b) of this section. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\ If the side burner, or more commonly one half of the side burner, fails to ignite quickly, adjust the position of the igniter, bearing in mind that propane is heavier than air. The best burner behavior test assessment is done against an inert surface (to spread the gas as it would during an actual test). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (x) Gas flow rate. Use propane gas: The propane shall be minimum 99% pure (often described by suppliers as CP or ``chemically pure'' grade, but this designation should not be relied on since the actual purity may vary by supplier). Each burner has a specific propane gas flow rate set with its respective, calibrated flowmeter. The gas flow rate to the top burner is 12.9 liters per minute (``L/min'') 0.1 L/min at a pressure of 101 5 kPa (standard atmospheric pressure) and a temperature of 22 3 [deg]C. The gas flow rate to the side burner is 6.6 0.05 L/min at a pressure of 101 5 kPa (standard atmospheric pressure) and a temperature of 22 3 [deg]C. The total heat release rate of the burners is 27 kW. (b) Calibration of Propane Flowmeters--(1) Preparation. Once the assembly of the burner is completed and all the connecting points are checked for gas leakage, the most critical task is ensuring the exact flow rates of propane [[Page 927]] into the top and side burners, as described in the test protocol. The gas flow rates are specified at 12.9 Liters per minute (LPM) 0.1 LPM and 6.6 LPM 0.05 LPM for the top and side burners (Burners 1 and 2), respectively, at a pressure of 101 5 kiloPascal (kPa) (standard atmospheric pressure) and a temperature of 22 3 [deg]C. The rotameters that are installed in the control box of the burner assembly need to be calibrated for accurate measurement of these flow rates. (i) The most practical and accurate method of measuring and calibrating the flow rate of gases (including propane) is use of a diaphragm test meter (also called a dry test meter). A diaphragm test meter functions based on positive displacement of a fixed volume of gas per rotation and its reading is therefore independent of the type of the gas being used. The gas pressure and temperature, however, can have significant impact on the measurement of flow rate. (ii) The gas pressure downstream of the rotameters that are installed in the control box of the burner assembly should be maintained near atmospheric pressure (only a few millimeters of water above atmosphere). Therefore, the best location to place the diaphragm test meter for gas flow calibration is right downstream of the control box. The pressure at the propane tank must be set at 20 1 pounds per square inch gage (psig). (2) Calibration Procedure. Install the diaphragm test meter (DTM) downstream of the control box in the line for the top burner. Check all connecting points for gas leakage. Open the main valve on the propane tank and set a pressure of 20 0.5 psig. Set the timers in the control box for 999 seconds (or the maximum range possible). Record the barometric pressure. Turn the ``Burner 1'' switch to ON and ignite the top burner. Allow the gas to flow for 2-3 minutes until the DTM is stabilized. Record the pressure and temperature in the DTM. Use a stopwatch to record at least one minute worth of complete rotations while counting the number of rotations. \3\ Calculate the propane gas flow rate using the recorded time and number of rotations (total flow in that time). Use the pressure and temperature readings to convert to standard conditions. Repeat this measurement for two additional meter setting to allow for calibrating the flowmeter throughout the range of interest. Plot the flow versus meter reading, fit a best line (possibly quadratic) through these points to find the meter setting for a flow of 12.9 LPM at the above ``standard conditions.'' Repeat this procedure for ``Burner 2'' using three meter readings to find the setting that gives a flow rate of 6.6 LPM at the standard conditions. After completion of the calibration, re-set the timers to 70 and 50 seconds. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \3\ With a diaphragm test meter well-sized to this application, this should be more than five rotations. A one liter per rotation meter will require 10 to 15 rotations for the flow measurements and greater than the minimum of one minute recording time specified here. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (c) Conditioning. Remove the specimens from any packaging prior to conditioning. Specimens shall be conditioned in air at a temperature greater than 18 [deg]C (65 [deg]F) and less than 25 [deg]C (77 [deg]F) and a relative humidity less than 55 percent for at least 48 continuous hours prior to test. Specimens shall be supported in a manner to permit free movement of air around them during conditioning. (d) Test preparation--(1) General. Horizontal air flow at a distance of 0.5 m (20 in) on all sides of the test specimen at the mattress top height shall be no more than 0.5 m/s. If there is any visual evidence that the burner flames are disturbed by drafts during their exposure durations, the burner regions must be enclosed on two or more sides by at least a triple layer of screen wire. The screens shall be at least 25 cm tall. The screen(s) for the top burner shall sit on the mattress top and shall be wide enough to extend beyond the area of the burner impingement. All screens shall be far enough away (typically 30 cm or more) from the burner tubes so as not to interfere or interact with flame spread during the burner exposure. The screen for the side burner will require a separate support from below. All screens shall be removed at [[Page 928]] the end of the 70 second exposure interval. (2) Specimen. Remove the test specimen from the conditioning room immediately before it is to be tested. Testing shall begin within 20 minutes after removal from the conditioning area. Be sure the test frame is approximately centered on the catch surface. Carefully center the foundation on top of the test frame to eliminate any gaps between the bottom periphery of the foundation and the inside edges of the test frame. If the mattress is to be tested alone, place it similarly. A mattress tested with its foundation should be centered longitudinally and laterally on the foundation. Carefully center them on the bed frame and on each other. The mattress shall be centered on top of the foundation (see Figure 1 of this part). However, in order to keep the heat flux exposure the same for the sides of the two components, if the mattress is 1 cm to 2 cm narrower than the foundation, the mattress shall be shifted so that the side to be exposed is in the same plane as the foundation. Refer to Figure 8 of this part. A product having an intended sleep surface on only one side shall be tested with the sleeping side up so that the sleeping surface is exposed to the propane burner. (e) Burner flow rate/flow timer confirmation. Just prior to moving the burner adjacent to the test specimen, briefly ignite each burner at the same time, and check that the propane flow to that burner is set at the appropriate level on its flowmeter to provide the flows listed in Sec. 1633.7(a)(6)(x). Check that the timers for the burner exposures are set to 70 seconds for the top burner and 50 seconds for the side burner. For a new burner assembly, check the accuracy of the gas flow timers against a stop watch at these standard time settings. Set pilot flows to a level that will not cause them to impinge on sample surfaces. (f) Location of the gas burners. The general layout for the room configuration is shown in Figure 2 of this part. Place the burner heads so that they are within 300 mm (1 ft) of the mid-length of the mattress. If there are unique construction features (e.g., handles, zippers) within the burner placement zone, the burner shall impinge on this feature. For a quilted mattress top the stand-off foot pad must alight on a high, flat area between dimples or quilting thread runs. The same is to be true for the side burner if that surface is quilted. If a specimen design presents a conflict in placement such that both burners cannot be placed between local depressions in the surface, the top burner shall be placed at the highest flat surface. (g) Burner set-up. The burners shall be placed in relation to the mattress and foundation surfaces in the manner shown in Figure 9 of this part, i.e., at the nominal spacings shown there and with the burner tubes nominally parallel \4\ to the mattress surfaces on which they impinge. Since the heat flux levels seen by the test specimen surfaces depend on burner spacing, as well as gas flow rate, care must be taken with the set-up process. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \4\ The top burner will tend to be tangential to the mattress surface at the burner mid-length; this orientation will not necessarily be parallel to the overall average mattress surface orientation nor will it necessarily be horizontal. This is a result of the shape of the mattress top surface. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (h) Burner alignment procedure--(1) Preparation. Complete the following before starting the alignment procedure: (i) Check that the pivot point for the mattress top burner feed tube and the two metal plates around it are clean and well-lubricated so as to allow smooth, free movement. (ii) Set the two burners such that the 5[deg] out-of-plane angling of the flame jets makes the jets on the two burners point slightly toward each other. (iii) Check the burner stand-off feet for straightness and perpendicularity between foot pad and support rod and to see that they are clean of residue from a previous test. (iv) Have at hand the following items to assist in burner set-up: The jig, shown in Figure 10 of this part, for setting the stand-off feet at their proper distances from the front of the burner tube; a 3 mm thick piece of flat stock (any material) to assist in checking the parallelness of the burners to the mattress surfaces; and a 24 gage stainless steel sheet metal platen that is 30 mm (12 in) wide, 610 mm (24 in) long and has [[Page 929]] a sharp, precise 90[deg] bend 355 mm (14 in) from one 30 mm wide end or another dimension that meets the requirements for a specific sample. (2) Alignment. (i) Place the burner assembly adjacent to the test specimen. Place the sheet metal platen on the mattress with the shorter side on top. The location shall be within 30 cm (1 ft) of the longitudinal center of the mattress. The intended location of the stand- off foot of the top burner shall not be in a dimple or crease caused by the quilting of the mattress top. Press the platen laterally inward from the edge of the mattress so that its side makes contact with either the top and bottom edge or the vertical side of the mattress. \5\ Use a sufficient length of duct tape (platen to mattress top) to assure that the platen stays firmly against the surfaces of the mattress. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \5\ Mattresses having a convex side are treated separately since the platen cannot be placed in the above manner. Use the platen only to set the top burner parallelness. Set the in/out distance of the top burner to the specification in paragraph (h)(1)(iii). Set the side burner so that it is approximately (visually) parallel to the flat side surface of the foundation below the mattress/foundation crevice once its foot is in contact with the materials in the crevice area. The burner will not be vertical in this case. If the foundation side is also non-flat, set the side burner vertical (3 mm, as above) using a bubble level as a reference. The side surface convexities will then bring the bowed out sections of the specimen closer to the burner tube than the stand-off foot. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (ii) With both burner arms horizontal (pinned in this position), fully retract the stand-off feet of both burners and, if necessary, the pilot tubes as well. \6\ (Neither is to protrude past the front face of the burner tubes at this point.) Move the burner assembly forward (perpendicular to the mattress) until the vertical burner lightly contacts the sheet metal platen. Adjust the height of the vertical burner on its vertical support column so as to center the tube on the crevice between the mattress and the foundation. (This holds also for pillow top mattress tops, i.e., ignore the crevice between the pillow top and the main body of the mattress.) \7\ Adjust the height of the horizontal burner until it sits lightly on top of the sheet metal platen. Its burner arm should then be horizontal. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \6\ The pilot tubes can normally be left with their ends just behind the plane of the front of the burner tube. This way they will not interfere with positioning of the tube but their flame will readily ignite the burner tubes. \7\ For tests of the mattress alone, set the center of the side burner at the lower edge of the mattress OR the top (upper tip) of the side burner 25 mm (1 in) below the top edge of the mattress, whichever is lower. This prevents inappropriate (excessive) exposure of the top surface of the mattress to the side burner. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (iii) Move the horizontal burner in/out (loosen the thumb screw near the pivot point) until the outer end of the burner tube is 13 mm to 19 mm (\1/2\ in to \3/4\ in) from the corner bend in the platen (this is facilitated by putting a pair of lines on the top of the platen 13 mm and 19 mm from the bend and parallel to it). Tighten the thumb screw. (iv) Make the horizontal burner parallel to the top of the platen (within 3 mm (\1/8\ inch) over the burner tube length); when properly parallel, it should not be possible to insert the 3 mm flat stock under either burner end by bending the copper tube section appropriately. Note: After the platen is removed (in paragraph (h)(2)(vii) of this section), the burner tube may not be horizontal; this is normal. For mattress/foundation combinations having nominally flat, vertical sides, the similar adjustment for the vertical burner is intended to make that burner parallel to the sides and vertical. Variations in the shape of mattresses and foundations can cause the platen section on the side to be non-flat and/or non-vertical. If the platen is flat and vertical, make the vertical burner parallel to the side of the platen (3 mm) by bending its copper tube section as needed. If not, make the side burner parallel to the mattress/foundation sides by the best visual estimate after the platen has been removed. (v) Move the burner assembly perpendicularly back away from the mattress about 30 cm (1 ft). Set the two stand-off feet to their respective distances using the jig designed for this purpose. Install the jig fully onto the burner tube (on the same side of the tube as the stand-off foot), with its side edges parallel to the burner feed arm, [[Page 930]] at about the position where one end of the foot will be. Loosen the set screw and slide the foot out to the point where it is flush with the bottom end of the jig. Tighten the set screw. Make sure the long axis of the foot is parallel to the burner tube. It is essential to use the correct side of the spacer jig with each burner. Double check this. The jig must be clearly marked. (vi) Set the downward force of the horizontal burner. Remove the retainer pin near the pivot. While holding the burner feed arm horizontal using a spring scale \8\ hooked onto the thumbscrew holding the stand-off foot, move the small and/or large weights on the feed tube appropriately so that the spring scale reads 170 g to 225 g (6 oz to 8 oz). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \8\ An acceptable spring scale has a calibrated spring mounted within a holder and hooks on each end. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (vii) Remove the sheet metal platen (and tape holding it). (viii) Hold the horizontal burner up while sliding the burner assembly forward until the vertical burner stand-off foot just touches the mattress and/or the foundation, then release the horizontal burner. The outer end of the burner tube should extend at least 6 mm to 12 mm (\1/4\ in to \1/2\ in) out beyond the uppermost corner/edge of the mattress so that the burner flames will hit the edge. (For a pillow top mattress, this means the outer edge of the pillow top portion and the distance may then be greater than 6 mm to 12 mm.) If this is not the case, move the burner assembly (perpendicular to the mattress side)--not the horizontal burner alone--until it is. \9\ Finally, move the vertical burner tube until its stand-off foot just touches the side of the mattress and/or the foundation. (Use the set screw near the vertical burner pivot.) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \9\ The foot should depress the surface it first contacts by no more than 1 mm to 2 mm. This is best seen up close, not from the rear of the burner assembly. However, if a protruding edge is the first item contacted, compress it until the foot is in the plane of the mattress/ foundation vertical sides. The intent here is that the burner be spaced a fixed distance from the vertical mattress/foundation sides, not from an incidental protrusion. Similarly, if there is a wide crevice in this area which would allow the foot to move inward and thereby place the burners too close to the vertical mattress/foundation sides, it will be necessary to use the spacer jig (rather than the stand-off foot) above or below this crevice to set the proper burner spacing. Compress the mattress/foundation surface 1 mm to 2 mm when using the jig for this purpose. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (ix) Make sure all thumbscrews are adequately tightened. Care must be taken, once this set-up is achieved, to avoid bumping the burner assembly or disturbing the flexible lines that bring propane to it. (x) If there is any indication of flow disturbances in the test facility which cause the burner flames or pilot flames to move around, place screens around the burners so as to minimize these disturbances. \10\ These screens (and any holders) must be far enough away from the burners (about 30 cm or more for the top, less for the side) so that they do not interact with the flames growing on the specimen surfaces. For the top surface burner, at least a triple layer of window screen approximately 30 cm high sitting vertically on the mattress top (Figure 9 of this part) has proved satisfactory. For the side burner at least a triple layer of screen approximately 15 cm wide, formed into a square- bottom U-shape and held from below the burner has proved satisfactory. Individual laboratories will have to experiment with the best arrangement for suppressing flow disturbances in their facility. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \10\ The goal here is to keep the burner flames impinging on a fixed area of the specimen surface rather than wandering back and forth over a larger area. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (i) Running the test. (1) Charge the hose line to be used for fire suppression with water. (2) Burner Preparation. (i) Turn AC power on; set propane pressure to 20 psig at bottle; set timers to 70 s (top burner) and 50 s (side burner); with burner assembly well-removed from test specimen, ignite burners and check that, WHEN BOTH ARE ON AT THE SAME TIME, the flowmeters are set to the values that give the requisite propane gas flow rates to each burner. Turn off burners. Set pilot tubes just behind front surface of burners; set pilot flow valves for approximately 2 cm flames. Turn off pilots. [[Page 931]] (ii) Position burner on test specimen and remove sheet metal platen. (iii) Place screens around both burners. (3) Start pilots. Open pilot ball valves one at a time and ignite pilots with hand-held flame; adjust flame size if necessary being very careful to avoid a jet flame that could prematurely ignite the test specimen (Note that after a long interval between tests the low pilot flow rate will require a long time to displace air in the line and achieve the steady-state flame size.) (4) Start recording systems. With the calorimetry system fully operational, after instrument zeroes and spans, start the video lights and video camera and data logging systems two minutes before burner ignition (or, if not using video, take a picture of the setup). (5) Initiate test. Start test exposure by simultaneously turning on power to both timers (timers will turn off burners at appropriate times). Also start a 30 minute timer of the test duration. Check/adjust propane flow rates (DO THIS ESSENTIAL TASK IMMEDIATELY. Experience shows the flow will not remain the same from test-to-test in spite of fixed valve positions so adjustment is essential.) If not using video, one photo must be taken within the first 45 seconds of starting the burners. (6) End of burner exposure. When the burners go out (after 70 seconds for the longer exposure), carefully lift the top burner tube away from the specimen surface, producing as little disturbance as possible to the specimen. Turn off power to both timers. Remove all screens. Turn off pilots at their ball valves. Remove the burner assembly from the specimen area to facilitate the video camera view of the full side of the specimen. In the case of the room-based configurations, remove the burner assembly from the room to protect it. (j) Video Recording/Photographs. Place a video or still frame camera so as to have (when the lens is zoomed out) just slightly more than a full-length view of the side of the test specimen being ignited, including a view of the flame impingement area while the burner assembly is present. The view must also include the catch pan so that it is clear whether any melt pool fire in this pan participates significantly in the growth of fire on the test specimen. The camera shall include a measure of elapsed time to the nearest 1 second for video and 1 minute for still frame within its recorded field of view (preferably built into the camera). For the room-based configuration, the required full-length view of the sample may require an appropriately placed window, sealed with heat resistant glass, in one of the room walls. Place the camera at a height just sufficient to give a view of the top of the specimen while remaining under any smoke layer that may develop in the room. The specimen shall be brightly lit so that the image does not lose detail to over-exposed flames. This will require a pair or more of 1 kW photo flood lights illuminating the viewed side of the specimen. The lights may need to shine into the room from the outside via sealed windows. (k) Cessation of Test. (1) The heat release rate shall be recorded and video/photographs taken until either 30 minutes has elapsed since the start of the burner exposure or a fire develops of such size as to require suppression for the safety of the facility. (2) Note the time and nature of any unusual behavior that is not fully within the view of the video camera. This is most easily done by narration to a camcorder. (3) Run the heat release rate system and datalogger until the fire has been fully out for several minutes to allow the system zero to be recorded. (l) Use of alternate apparatus. Mattress sets may be tested using test apparatus that differs from that described in this section if the manufacturer obtains and provides to the Commission data demonstrating that tests using the alternate apparatus during the procedures specified in this section yield failing results as often as, or more often than, tests using the apparatus specified in the standard. The manufacturer shall provide the supporting data to the Office of Compliance, Recalls & Compliance Division, [[Page 932]] U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, Maryland 20814. Staff will review the data and determine whether the alternate apparatus may be used. [71 FR 13498, Mar. 15, 2006, as amended at 73 FR 6842, Feb. 6, 2008] Sec. 1633.8 Findings. (a) General. In order to issue a flammability standard under the FFA, the FFA requires the Commission to make certain findings and to include these in the regulation, 15 U.S.C. 1193(j)(2). These findings are discussed in this section. (b) Voluntary standards. No findings concerning compliance with and adequacy of a voluntary standard are necessary because no relevant voluntary standard addressing the risk of injury that is addressed by this regulation has been adopted and implemented. (c) Relationship of benefits to costs. The Commission estimates the potential total lifetime benefits of a mattress that complies with this standard to range from $45 to $57 per mattress set (based on a 10 year mattress life and a 3% discount rate). The Commission estimates total resource costs of the standard to range from $8 to $22 per mattress. This yields net benefits of $23 to $50 per mattress set. The Commission estimates that aggregate lifetime benefits associated with all mattresses produced the first year the standard becomes effective range from $1,024 to $1,307 million, and that aggregate resource costs associated with these mattresses range from $175 to $511 million, yielding net benefits of about $514 to $1,132 million. Accordingly, the Commission finds that the benefits from the regulation bear a reasonable relationship to its costs. (d) Least burdensome requirement. The Commission considered the following alternatives: alternative maximum peak heat release rate and test duration, alternative total heat released in the first 10 minutes of the test, mandatory production testing, a longer effective date, taking no action, relying on a voluntary standard, and requiring labeling alone (without any performance requirements). The alternatives of taking no action, relying on a voluntary standard (if one existed), and requiring labeling alone are unlikely to adequately reduce the risk. Requiring a criterion of 25 MJ total heat release during the first 10 minutes of the test instead of 15 MJ would likely reduce the estimated benefits (deaths and injuries reduced) without having much effect on costs. Both options of increasing the duration of the test from 30 minutes to 60 minutes and decreasing the peak rate of heat release from 200 kW to 150 kW would likely increase costs significantly without substantial increase in benefits. Requiring production testing would also likely increase costs. Therefore, the Commission finds that an open flame standard for mattresses with the testing requirements and criteria that are specified in the Commission rule is the least burdensome requirement that would prevent or adequately reduce the risk of injury for which the regulation is being promulgated. Sec. 1633.9 Glossary of terms. (a) Absorbent pad. Pad used on top of mattress. Designed to absorb moisture/body fluids thereby reducing skin irritation, can be one time use. (b) Basket pad. Cushion for use in an infant basket. (c) Bunk beds. A tier of beds, usually two or three, in a high frame complete with mattresses (see Figure 11 of this part). (d) Car bed. Portable bed used to carry a baby in an automobile. (e) Carriage pad. Cushion to go into a baby carriage. (f) Chaise lounge. An upholstered couch chair or a couch with a chair back. It has a permanent back rest, no arms, and sleeps one (see Figure 11). (g) Convertible sofa. An upholstered sofa that converts into an adult sized bed. Mattress unfolds out and up from under the seat cushioning (see Figure 11). (h) Corner groups. Two twin size bedding sets on frames, usually slipcovered, and abutted to a corner table. They also usually have loose bolsters slipcovered (see Figure 11). (i) Crib bumper. Padded cushion which goes around three or four sides inside a crib to protect the baby. Can also be used in a playpen. [[Page 933]] (j) Daybed. Daybed has foundation, usually supported by coil or flat springs, mounted between arms on which mattress is placed. It has permanent arms, no backrest, and sleeps one (see Figure 11). (k) Dressing table pad. Pad to cushion a baby on top of a dressing table. (l) Drop-arm loveseat. When side arms are in vertical position, this piece is a loveseat. The adjustable arms can be lowered to one of four positions for a chaise lounge effect or a single sleeper. The vertical back support always remains upright and stationary (see Figure 11). (m) Futon. A flexible mattress generally used on the floor that can be folded or rolled up for storage. It usually consists of resilient material covered by ticking. (n) High riser. This is a frame of sofa seating height with two equal size mattresses without a backrest. The frame slides out with the lower mattress and rises to form a double or two single beds (see Figure 11). (o) Infant carrier and lounge pad. Pad to cushion a baby in an infant carrier. (p) Mattress foundation. This is a ticking covered structure used to support a mattress or sleep surface. The structure may include constructed frames, foam, box springs or other materials used alone or in combination. (q) Murphy bed. A style of sleep system where the mattress and foundation are fastened to the wall and provide a means to retract or rotate the bed assembly into the wall to release more floor area for other uses. (r) Pillow. Cloth bag filled with resilient material such as feathers, down, sponge rubber, urethane, or fiber used as the support for the head of a person. (s) Playpen pad. Cushion used on the bottom of a playpen. (t) Portable crib. Smaller size than a conventional crib. Can usually be converted into a playpen. (u) Quilted means stitched with thread or by fusion through the ticking and one or more layers of material. (v) Roll-away-bed. Portable bed which has frame that folds with the mattress for compact storage. (w) Sleep lounge. Upholstered seating section which is mounted on a frame. May have bolster pillows along the wall as backrests or may have attached headrests (see Figure 11). (x) Stroller pad. Cushion used in a baby stroller. (y) Sofa bed. These are pieces in which the back of the sofa swings down flat with the seat to form the sleeping surface. Some sofa beds have bedding boxes for storage of bedding. There are two types: the one- piece, where the back and seat are upholstered as a unit, supplying an unbroken sleeping surface; and the two-piece, where back and seat are upholstered separately (see Figure 11 of this part). (z) Sofa lounge--(includes glideouts). Upholstered seating section is mounted on springs and in a frame that permit it to be pulled out for sleeping. Has upholstered backrest bedding box that is hinged. Glideouts are single sleepers with sloping seats and backrests. Seat pulls out from beneath back and evens up to supply level sleeping surface (see Figure 11). (aa) Studio couch. Consists of upholstered seating section on upholstered foundation. Many types convert to twin beds (see Figure 11). (bb) Studio divan. Twin size upholstered seating section with foundation is mounted on metal bed frame. Has no arms or backrest, and sleeps one (see Figure 11 of this part). (cc) Trundle bed. A low bed which is rolled under a larger bed. In some lines, the lower bed springs up to form a double or two single beds as in a high riser (see Figure 11). (dd) Tufted means buttoned or laced through the ticking and upholstery material and/or core, or having the ticking and loft material and/or core drawn together at intervals by any other method which produces a series of depressions on the surface. (ee) Twin studio divan. Frames which glide out (but not up) and use seat cushions, in addition to upholstered foundation to sleep two. Has neither arms nor back rest (see Figure 11). (ff) Flip or sleeper chair. Chair that unfolds to be used for sleeping, typically has several connecting fabric covered, solid foam core segments. [[Page 934]] Subpart B_Rules and Regulations Sec. 1633.10 Definitions. (a) Standard means the Standard for the Flammability (Open-Flame) of Mattress Sets (16 CFR part 1633, subpart A). (b) The definition of terms set forth in the Sec. 1633.2 of the Standard shall also apply to this section. Sec. 1633.11 Records. (a) Test and manufacturing records C general. Every manufacturer and any other person initially introducing into commerce mattress sets subject to the standard, irrespective of whether guarantees are issued relative thereto, shall maintain the following records in English at a location in the United States: (1) Test results and details of each test performed by or for that manufacturer (including failures), whether for qualification, confirmation, or production, in accordance with Sec. 1633.7. Details shall include: name and complete physical address of test facility, type of test room, test room conditions, time that sample spent out of conditioning area before starting test, prototype or production identification number, and test data including the peak rate of heat release, total heat release in first 10 minutes, a graphic depiction of the peak rate of heat release and total heat release over time. These records shall include the name and signature of person conducting the test, the date of the test, and a certification by the person overseeing the testing as to the test results and that the test was carried out in accordance with the Standard. For confirmation tests, the identification number must be that of the prototype tested. (2) Video and/or a minimum of eight photographs of the testing of each mattress set, in accordance with Sec. 1633.7 (one taken before the test starts, one taken within 45 seconds of the start of the test, and the remaining six taken at five minute intervals, starting at 5 minutes and ending at 30 minutes), with the prototype identification number or production lot identification number of the mattress set, date and time of test, and name and location of testing facility clearly displayed. (b) Prototype records. In addition to the records specified in paragraph (a) of this section, the following records shall be maintained for each qualified, confirmed and subordinate prototype: (1) Unique identification number for the qualified or confirmed prototype and a list of the unique identification numbers of each subordinate prototype based on the qualified or confirmed prototype. Subordinate prototypes that differ from each other only be length or width may share the same identification number. (2) A detailed description of all materials, components, and methods of assembly for each qualified, confirmed and subordinate prototype. Such description shall include the specifications of all materials and components, and the name and complete physical address of each material and component supplier. (3) A list of which models and production lots of mattress sets are represented by each qualified, confirmed and/or subordinate prototype identification number. (4) For subordinate prototypes, the prototype identification number of the qualified or confirmed prototype on which the mattress set is based, and, at a minimum, the manufacturing specifications and a description of the materials substituted, photographs or physical specimens of the substituted materials, and documentation based on objectively reasonable criteria that the change in any component, material, or method of assembly will not cause the subordinate prototype to exceed the test criteria specified in Sec. 1633.3(b). (5) Identification, composition, and details of the application of any flame retardant treatments and/or inherently flame resistant fibers or other materials employed in mattress components. (c) Pooling confirmation test records. In addition to the test and prototype records specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, the following records shall be maintained: (1) The prototype identification number assigned by the qualified prototype manufacturer; (2) Name and complete physical address of the qualified prototype manufacturer; [[Page 935]] (3) Copy of qualified prototype test records, and records required by paragraph (b)(2) of this section; and (4) In the case of imported mattress sets, the importer shall be responsible for maintaining the records specified in paragraph (b) of this section for confirmation testing that has been performed with respect to mattress sets produced by each foreign manufacturing facility whose mattress sets that importer is importing. (d) Quality assurance records. In addition to the records required by paragraph (a) of this section, the following quality assurance records shall be maintained: (1) A written copy of the manufacturer's quality assurance procedures; (2) Records of any production tests performed. Production test records must be maintained and shall include, in addition to the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section, an assigned production lot identification number and the identification number of the qualified, confirmed or subordinate prototype associated with the specimen tested; (3) For each qualified, confirmed and subordinate prototype, the number of mattress sets in each production lot based on that prototype; (4) The start and end dates of production of that lot; and (5) Component, material and assembly records. Every manufacturer conducting tests and/or technical evaluations of components and materials and/or methods of assembly must maintain detailed records of such tests and evaluations. (e) Record retention requirements. The records required under this Section shall be maintained by the manufacturer (including importers) for as long as mattress sets based on the prototype in question are in production and shall be retained for 3 years thereafter. Records shall be available upon the request of Commission staff. (f) Record location requirements. (1) For mattress sets produced in the United States, all records required by this section must be maintained at the plant or factory at which the mattress sets are manufactured or assembled. (2) For mattress sets produced outside of the United States, a copy of all records required by this section must be maintained at a U.S. location, which must be identified on the mattress set label as specified in Sec. 1633.12(a). Sec. 1633.12 Labeling. (a) Each mattress set subject to the Standard shall bear a permanent, conspicuous, and legible label(s) containing the following information (and no other information) in English: (1) Name of the manufacturer, or for imported mattress sets, the name of the foreign manufacturer and importer; (2)(i) For mattress sets produced in the United States, the complete physical address of the manufacturer. (ii) For imported mattress sets, the complete address of the foreign manufacturer, including country, and the complete physical address of the importer or the United States location where the required records are maintained if different from the importer; (3) Month and year of manufacture; (4) Model identification; (5) Prototype identification number for the mattress set; (6) A certification that the mattress complies with this standard. (i) For mattresses intended to be sold without a foundation, a certification stating ``This mattress meets the requirements of 16 CFR part 1633 (federal flammability (open flame) standard for mattresses) when used without a foundation''; or (ii) For mattresses intended to be sold with a foundation, a certification stating ``This mattress meets the requirements of 16 CFR part 1633 (federal flammability (open flame) standard for mattresses) when used with foundation .'' Such foundation(s) shall be clearly identified by a simple and distinct name and/or number on the mattress label; or (iii) For mattresses intended to be sold both alone and with a foundation, a certification stating ``This mattress meets the requirements of 16 CFR part 1633 (federal flammability (open flame) standard for mattresses) when used without a foundation or with foundation(s) .''.Such foundation(s) shall be clearly identified by a simple and distinct name and/or number on the mattress label; and [[Page 936]] (7) A statement identifying whether the manufacturer intends the mattress to be sold alone or with a foundation. (i) For mattresses intended to be sold without a foundation, the label shall state ``THIS MATTRESS IS INTENDED TO BE USED WITHOUT A FOUNDATION.'' See Figures 16 and 17 of this part; or (ii) For mattresses intended to be sold with a foundation, the label shall state ``THIS MATTRESS IS INTENDED TO BE USED WITH FOUNDATION(S): .'' See Figures 12 and 13 of this part; or (iii) For mattresses intended to be sold both alone and with a foundation, the label shall state ``THIS MATTRESS IS INTENDED TO BE USED WITHOUT A FOUNDATION OR WITH FOUNDATION(S): .'' See Figures 14 and 15 of this part. (b) The mattress label required in paragraph (a) of this section must measure 2\3/4\ in width and the length can increase as needed for varying information. The label must be white with black text. The label text shall comply with the following format requirements: (1) All information specified in paragraphs (a)(1) through (6) of this section must be in 6-point font or larger with mixed uppercase and lowercase letters. The text must be left justified and begin \1/ 4\ from left edge of label. See Figure 12-17 of this part. (2) The statement specified in paragraph (a)(7)(i) of this section must be in 10-point Arial/Helvetica font or larger, uppercase letters with the words ``WITHOUT A FOUNDATION'' bolded and the word ``WITHOUT'' in italics. The text shall be centered in a text box with the width measuring 2\1/2\ and the length increasing as needed. See Figures 16 and 17 of this part. (3) The statement specified in paragraph (a)(7)(ii) of this section must be in 10-point Arial/Helvetica font or larger in uppercase letters. The foundation identifier should be in 12-point font or larger, bolded, and underlined. The text shall be centered in a text box with the width measuring 2\1/2\ and the length increasing as needed. See Figures 12 and 13 of this part. (4) The statement specified in paragraph (a)(7)(iii) of this section must be in 10-point or larger Arial/Helvetica font, uppercase letters with the words ``WITHOUT A FOUNDATION OR'' bolded and the word ``WITHOUT'' in italics. The foundation identifier should be in 12-point font or larger, bolded, and underlined. The text shall be centered in a text box with the width measuring 2\1/2\ and the length increasing as needed. See Figures 14 and 15 of this part. (c) The foundation label required in paragraph (a) of this section must measure 2\3/4\ in width and the length can increase as needed for varying information. The label must be white with black text. The label shall contain the following: (1) The information specified in paragraphs (a)(1) through (5) of this section; and (2) The words ``Foundation ID:'' followed by a distinct name and/or number that corresponds to the name and/or number used on the mattress. This text must be in 10-point or larger bold Arial/Helvetica font, and the foundation identifier must be underlined. See Figures 12 through 15 of this part. (d) The statements specified in paragraphs (a)(6)(i) through (iii) and (a)(7)(i) through (iii) of this section may be translated into any other language and printed on the reverse (blank) side of the label. (e) No person, other than the ultimate consumer, shall remove or mutilate, or cause or participate in the removal or mutilation of, any label required by this section to be affixed to any item. [71 FR 13498, Mar. 15, 2006, as amended at 73 FR 6843, Feb. 6, 2008] Sec. 1633.13 Tests for guaranty purposes, compliance with this section, and ``one of a kind'' exemption. (a) Tests for guaranty purposes. Reasonable and representative tests for the purpose of issuing a guaranty under section 8 of the Flammable Fabrics Act, 15 U.S.C. 1197, for mattress sets subject to the Standard shall be the tests performed to show compliance with the Standard. (b) Compliance with this section. No person subject to the Flammable Fabrics Act shall manufacture for sale, import, distribute, or otherwise market [[Page 937]] or handle any mattress set which is not in compliance with the provisions under Subpart B. (c) ``One of a kind'' exemption for physician prescribed mattresses. (1)(i) A mattress set manufactured in accordance with a physician's written prescription or manufactured in accordance with other comparable written medical therapeutic specification, to be used in connection with the treatment or management of a named individual's physical illness or injury, shall be considered a ``one of a kind mattress'' and shall be exempt from testing under the Standard pursuant to Sec. 1633.7 thereof: Provided, that the mattress set bears a permanent, conspicuous and legible label which states: WARNING: This mattress set may be subject to a large fire if exposed to an open flame. It was manufactured in accordance with a physician's prescription and has not been tested under the Federal Standard for the Flammability (Open-Flame) of Mattress Sets (16 CFR part 1633). (ii) Such labeling must be attached to the mattress set so as to remain on or affixed thereto for the useful life of the mattress set. The label must be at least 40 square inches (250 sq. cm) with no linear dimension less than 5 inches (12.5 cm). The letters in the word ``WARNING'' shall be no less than 0.5 inch (1.27 cm) in height and all letters on the label shall be in a color which contrasts with the background of the label. The warning statement which appears on the label must also be conspicuously displayed on the invoice or other sales papers that accompany the mattress set in commerce from the manufacturer to the final point of sale to a consumer. (2) The manufacturer of a mattress set exempted from testing under this paragraph (c) shall, in lieu of the records required to be kept by Sec. 1633.10, retain a copy of the written prescription or other comparable written medical therapeutic specification for such mattress set during a period of three years, measured from the date of manufacture. (3) For purposes of this regulation the term physician shall mean a physician, chiropractor or osteopath licensed or otherwise permitted to practice by any State of the United States. [[Page 938]] Sec. Figure 1 to Part 1633--Test Assembly, Shown in Furniture Calorimeter (Configuration A) [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15MR06.000 [[Page 939]] Sec. Figure 2 to Part 1633--Test Arrangement in 3.05m x 3.66m (10 ft x 12 ft) Room (Configuration B) [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15MR06.001 [[Page 940]] Sec. Figure 3 to Part 1633--Details of Horizontal Burner Head [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15MR06.002 [[Page 941]] Sec. Figure 4 to Part 1633--Details of Vertical Burner Head [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15MR06.003 [[Page 942]] Sec. Figure 5 to Part 1633--Details of Burner Stand-off [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15MR06.004 [[Page 943]] Sec. Figure 6 to Part 1633--Burner Assembly Showing Arms and Pivots (Shoulder Screws), in Relation to, Portable Frame Allowing Burner Height Adjustment [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15MR06.005 [[Page 944]] Sec. Figure 7 to Part 1633--Elements of Propane Flow Control for Each Burner [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15MR06.006 [[Page 945]] Sec. Figure 8 to Part 1633--Jig for Setting Mattresses and Foundation Sides in Same Plane [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15MR06.007 [[Page 946]] Sec. Figure 9 to Part 1633--Burner Placements on Mattress/Foundation [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15MR06.008 [[Page 947]] Sec. Figure 10 to Part 1633--Jig for Setting Burners at Proper Distances From Mattress/Foundation [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15MR06.009 [[Page 948]] Sec. Figure 11 to Part 1633--Diagrams for Glossary of Terms [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15MR06.010 [[Page 949]] Sec. Figure 12 to Part 1633--Labels for Domestic Mattress With Foundation [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15MR06.011 [[Page 950]] Sec. Figure 13 to Part 1633--Labels for Imported Mattress With Foundation [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15MR06.012 [[Page 951]] Sec. Figures 14 and 15 to Part 1633--Label for Domestic Mattress Alone and with Foundation and Label for Imported Mattress Alone and With Foundation [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15MR06.013 [[Page 952]] Sec. Figures 16 and 17 to Part 1633--Label for Domestic Mattress Only and Label for Imported Mattress Only [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR15MR06.014 [[Page 953]] PART 1640_STANDARD FOR THE FLAMMABILITY OF UPHOLSTERED FURNITURE-- Table of Contents Sec. 1640.1 Purpose and scope. 1640.2 Effective date and compliance date. 1640.3 Definitions. 1640.4 Certification and labeling. 1640.5 Requirements. 1640.6 Incorporation by reference. Authority: Sec. 2101, Pub. L. 116-260, 15 U.S.C. 1193. Source: 86 FR 18443, Apr. 9, 2021, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1640.1 Purpose and scope. (a) Purpose. This part establishes the standard for the flammability of upholstered furniture, as set forth by the Bureau of Electronic and Appliance Repair, Home Furnishings and Thermal Insulation of the Department of Consumer Affairs of the State of California in Technical Bulletin 117-2013, entitled ``Requirements, Test Procedure and Apparatus for Testing the Smolder Resistance of Materials Used in Upholstered Furniture,'' published June 2013 (for availability, see Sec. 1640.6). (b) Scope. All upholstered furniture as defined in Sec. 1640.3 manufactured, imported, or reupholstered on or after the effective date of this standard is subject to the requirements of this part. Sec. 1640.2 Effective date and compliance date. (a) Effective date. This part (the standard) is effective June 25, 2021, and shall apply to all upholstered furniture, as defined in Sec. 1640.3, manufactured, imported, or reupholstered on or after that date. (b) Compliance date. Compliance with the labeling requirement in Sec. 1640.4 shall be required by June 25, 2022, and shall apply to all upholstered furniture, as defined in Sec. 1640.3, manufactured, imported, or reupholstered on or after that date. Sec. 1640.3 Definitions. (a) Bedding product means (1) An item that is used for sleeping or sleep-related purposes; or (2) Any component or accessory with respect to an item described in this paragraph (a), without regard to whether the component or accessory, as applicable, is used-- (i) Alone; or (ii) Along with, or contained within, that item; (b) California standard means the standard set forth by the Bureau of Electronic and Appliance Repair, Home Furnishings and Thermal Insulation of the Department of Consumer Affairs of the State of California in Technical Bulletin 117- 2013, entitled ``Requirements, Test Procedure and Apparatus for Testing the Smolder Resistance of Materials Used in Upholstered Furniture'', published June 2013 (see Sec. 1640.6). (c) Foundation has the meaning given that term in Sec. 1633.2 of this chapter. (d) Mattress has the meaning given that term in Sec. 1633.2 of this chapter. (e) Upholstered furniture. (1) Means an article of seating furniture that-- (i) Is intended for indoor use; (ii) Is movable or stationary; (iii) Is constructed with an upholstered seat, back, or arm; (iv) Is: (A) Made or sold with a cushion or pillow, without regard to whether that cushion or pillow, as applicable, is attached or detached with respect to the article of furniture, or (B) Stuffed or filled, or able to be stuffed or filled, in whole or in part, with any material, including a substance or material that is hidden or concealed by fabric or another covering, including a cushion or pillow belonging to, or forming a part of, the article of furniture; and (v) Together with the structural units of the article of furniture, any filling material, and the container and covering with respect to those structural units and that filling material, can be used as a support for the body of an individual, or the limbs and feet of an individual, when the individual sits in an upright or reclining position; (2) Includes an article of furniture that is intended for use by a child; and (3) Does not include-- (i) A mattress; (ii) A foundation; (iii) Any bedding product; or (iv) Furniture that is used exclusively for the purpose of physical fitness and exercise. [[Page 954]] Sec. 1640.4 Certification and labeling. (a) Testing and certification. A fabric, related material, or product to which the California standard applies shall not be subject to section 14(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2063(a)) with respect to that standard. (b) Certification label. Each manufacturer of a product that is subject to the California standard shall include the statement ``Complies with U.S. CPSC requirements for upholstered furniture flammability'' on a permanent label located on the product, which shall be considered to be a certification that the product complies with that standard. Sec. 1640.5 Requirements. (a) In general. All upholstered furniture must comply with the requirements in the California standard, Technical Bulletin (TB) 117- 2013, ``Requirements, Test Procedure and Apparatus for Testing the Smolder Resistance of Materials Used in Upholstered Furniture,'' June 2013 (incorporated by reference Sec. 1640.6). (b) Preemption. Notwithstanding section 16 of the Flammable Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C. 1203) and section 231 of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (15 U.S.C. 2051 note), and except as provided in sections 1374, 1374.2, and 1374.3 of 4 California Code of Regulations (CCR) (except for subsections (b) and (c) of section 1374 of that title) (incorporated by reference Sec. 1640.6) or the California standard, no State or any political subdivision of a State may establish or continue in effect any provision of a flammability law, regulation, code, standard, or requirement that is designed to protect against the risk of occurrence of fire, or to slow or prevent the spread of fire, with respect to upholstered furniture. (c) Preservation of certain State law. Nothing in Public Law 116-260 or the Flammable Fabrics Act (15 U.S.C. 1191 et seq.) and section 231 of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (15 U.S.C. 2051 note), may be construed to preempt or otherwise affect: (1) Any State or local law, regulation, code, standard, or requirement that-- (i) Concerns health risks associated with upholstered furniture; and (ii) Is not designed to protect against the risk of occurrence of fire, or to slow or prevent the spread of fire, with respect to upholstered furniture; (2) Sections 1374, 1374.2, and 1374.3 of 4 CCR (except for subsections (b) and (c) of section 1374 of that title), as in effect on the date of enactment of Public Law 116-260; or (3) The California standard. Sec. 1640.6 Incorporation by reference. Certain material is incorporated by reference into this part with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. All approved material is available for inspection at U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), Room 820, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, and is available from the other sources listed in this section. To schedule an appointment, contact CPSC's Division of the Secretariat: telephone (301) 504-7479 or email: [email protected]. The material is also available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, email [email protected], or go to: www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ ibr-locations.html. (a) State of California, Department of Consumer Affairs, 4244 South Market Court, Suite D, Sacramento, CA 95834; email [email protected]; phone (800) 952-5210; or visit https://bhgs.dca.ca.gov/about_us/ tb117_2013.pdf. (1) California standard. Technical Bulletin (TB) 117-2013, ``Requirements, Test Procedure and Apparatus for Testing the Smolder Resistance of Materials Used in Upholstered Furniture,'' June 2013; IBR approved for Sec. 1640.5. (2) [Reserved] (b) State of California, Office of Administrative Law (OAL), 300 Capitol Mall, Suite 1250, Sacramento, CA 95814-4339, phone 916-323-6815, email [email protected]; or visit https://oal.ca.gov/publications/ccr/; or purchase a hard-copy version (full code or individual titles) from Barclay, publisher of the Official CCR, at 1-800-888-3600. (1) California Code of Regulations (CCR), Title 4, Sections 1374, 1374.2, and [[Page 955]] 1374.3, in effect as of February 26, 2021 Register 2021, No. 9; IBR approved for Sec. 1640.5. (2) [Reserved] [[Page 956]] SUBCHAPTER E_POISON PREVENTION PACKAGING ACT OF 1970 REGULATIONS PART 1700_POISON PREVENTION PACKAGING--Table of Contents Sec. 1700.1 Definitions. 1700.2 Authority. 1700.3 Establishment of standards for special packaging. 1700.4 Effective date of standards. 1700.5 Noncomplying package requirements. 1700.14 Substances requiring special packaging. 1700.15 Poison prevention packaging standards. 1700.20 Testing procedure for special packaging. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 1471-76. Secs. 1700.1 and 1700.14 also issued under 15 U.S.C. 2079(a). Source: 38 FR 21247, Aug. 7, 1973, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1700.1 Definitions. (a) As used in this part: (1) Act means the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 (Pub. L. 91-601, 84 Stat. 1670-74; 15 U.S.C. 1471-75), enacted December 30, 1970. (2) Commission means the Consumer Product Safety Commission established by section 4 of the Consumer Product Safety Act (86 Stat. 1210; 15 U.S.C. 2053). (3) Dietary supplement means any vitamin and/or mineral preparation offered in tablet, capsule, wafer, or other similar uniform unit form; in powder, granule, flake, or liquid form; or in the physical form of a conventional food but which is not a conventional food; and which purports or is represented to be for special dietary use by humans to supplement their diets by increasing the total dietary intake of one or more of the essential vitamins and/or minerals. (b) Except for the definition of ``Secretary,'' which is obsolete, the definitions given in section 2 of the act are applicable to this part and are repeated herein for convenience as follows: (1) [Reserved] (2) Household substance means any substance which is customarily produced or distributed for sale for consumption or use, or customarily stored, by individuals in or about the household and which is: (i) A hazardous substance as that term is defined in section 2(f) of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (15 U.S.C. 1261(f)); (ii) A food, drug, or cosmetic as those terms are defined in section 201 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321); or (iii) A substance intended for use as fuel when stored in a portable container and used in the heating, cooking, or refrigeration system of a house. (3) Package means the immediate container or wrapping in which any household substance is contained for consumption, use, or storage by individuals in or about the household and, for purposes of section 4(a)(2) of the act, also means any outer container or wrapping used in the retail display of any such substance to consumers. ``Package'' does not include: (i) Any shipping container or wrapping used solely for the transportation of any household substance in bulk or in quantity to manufacturers, packers, or processors, or to wholesale or retail distributors thereof; or (ii) Any shipping container or outer wrapping used by retailers to ship or deliver any household substance to consumers unless it is the only such container or wrapping. (4) Special packaging means packaging that is designed or constructed to be significantly difficult for children under 5 years of age to open or obtain a toxic or harmful amount of the substance contained therein within a reasonable time and not difficult for normal adults to use properly, but does not mean packaging which all such children cannot open or obtain a toxic or harmful amount within a reasonable time. (5) Labeling means all labels and other written, printed, or graphic matter upon any household substance or [[Page 957]] its package, or accompanying such substance. (Pub. L. 92-573, sec. 30(a), 86 Stat. 1231; (15 U.S.C. 2079(a))) [38 FR 21247, Aug. 7, 1973, as amended at 41 FR 22266, June 2, 1976; 48 FR 57480, Dec. 30, 1983] Sec. 1700.2 Authority. Authority under the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 is vested in the Consumer Product Safety Commission by section 30(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2079(a)). Sec. 1700.3 Establishment of standards for special packaging. (a) Pursuant to section 3 of the act, the Commission, after consultation with the technical advisory committee provided for by section 6 of the act, may establish by regulation standards for the special packaging of any household substance if the Commission finds: (1) That the degree or nature of the hazard to children in the availability of such substance, by reason of its packaging, is such that special packaging is required to protect children from serious personal injury or serious illness resulting from handling, using, or ingesting such substance; and (2) That the special packaging to be required by such standard is technically feasible, practicable, and appropriate for such substance. (b) In establishing such a standard, the Commission shall consider: (1) The reasonableness of such standard; (2) Available scientific, medical, and engineering data concerning special packaging and concerning childhood accidental ingestions, illness, and injury caused by household substances; (3) The manufacturing practices of industries affected by the act; and (4) The nature and use of the household substance. (c) In the process of establishing such a standard, the Commission shall publish its findings and reasons therefor and shall cite the sections of the act that authorize its action. (d) In establishing such standards, the Commission shall not prescribe specific packaging designs, product content, package quantity, or labeling except for labeling under section 4(a)(2) of the act. Regarding a household substance for which special packaging is required by regulation, the Commission can prohibit the packaging of such substance in a package which the Commission determines is unnecessarily attractive to children. (e) Promulgations pursuant to section 3 of the act shall be in accordance with section 5 of the act as to procedure. Sec. 1700.4 Effective date of standards. (a) The FR document promulgating a regulation establishing a child protection packaging standard shall indicate the standard's effective date. Section 9 of the act specifies that the effective date shall not be sooner than 180 days or later than 1 year from the date the standard is promulgated in the Federal Register unless the Commission, for good cause found, determines that an earlier effective date is in the public interest and publishes in the Federal Register the reason for such finding, in which case such earlier effective date shall apply. (b) Upon becoming effective, a child protection packaging standard shall apply only to household substances packaged on and after its effective date. Sec. 1700.5 Noncomplying package requirements. To make household substances that are subject to requirements for special packaging readily available to elderly or handicapped persons who are unable to use those substances in special packaging, section 4(a) of the act authorizes manufacturers and packers to package such substances in noncomplying packaging of a single size provided that complying packaging is also supplied and the noncomplying packages are conspicuously labeled to indicate that they should not be used in households where young children are present. The purpose of this Sec. 1700.5 is to implement section 4(a) of the act by prescribing requirements for the labeling of noncomplying packages. (a) Labeling statement. (1) The statement ``This Package for Households Without Young Children'' shall appear conspicuously, and in accordance with all of the requirements of paragraph (a) [[Page 958]] of this section, on the package of any household substance subject to the special packaging requirements of this part 1700 that is supplied in noncomplying packaging under section 4(a) of the act, unless the package bears the substitute labeling statement in accordance with all of the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section. (2) The statement required by paragraph (a)(1) of this section shall appear on the principal display panel of the immediate container as well as on the principal display panel of any outer container or wrapping used in the retail display of the substance. If a package bears more than one principal display panel, the required statement shall appear on each principal display panel of the immediate container as well as on each principal display panel of any outer container or wrapping used in the retail display of the substance. The principal display panel is the part of the labeling most likely to be displayed, presented, shown, or examined. (3) The required labeling statement shall appear within the borderline of a square or rectangle on the principal display panel in conspicuous and easily legible capital letters, shall be in distinct contrast, by typography, layout, color, or embossing, to other matter on the package, and shall appear in lines generally parallel to the base on which the package rests as it is designed to be displayed. (4) The declaration shall be in letters in type size established in relationship to the area of the principal display panel of the package and shall be uniform for all packages of substantially the same size by complying with the following type-size specifications: (i) Not less than \1/16\ inch in height on packages the principal display panel of which has an area of 7 square inches or less. (ii) Not less than \3/32\ inch in height on packages the principal display panel of which has an area of more than 7 but not more than 15 square inches. (iii) Not less than \1/8\ inch in height on packages the principal display panel of which has an area of more than 15 but not more than 25 square inches. (iv) Not less than \3/16\ inch in height on packages the principal display panel of which has an area of more than 25 but not more than 100 square inches. (v) Not less than \1/4\ inch in height on packages the principal display panel of which has an area of more than 100 square inches. (5)(i) For the purpose of obtaining uniform type size for the required statement for all packages of substantially the same size, the area of the principal display panel is the area of the side or surface that bears the principal display panel, which shall be: (A) In the case of a rectangular package where one entire side properly can be considered to be the principal display panel, the product of the height times the width of that side. (B) In the case of a cylindrical or nearly cylindrical container, 40 percent of the product of the height of the container times the circumference. (C) In the case of any other shape of container, 40 percent of the total surface of the container; however, if such container presents an obvious principal display (such as the top of a triangular or circular package), the area shall consist of the entire area of such obvious principal display panel. (ii) In determining the area of the principal display panel exclude tops, bottoms, flanges at the tops and bottoms of cans, and shoulders and necks of bottles or jars. In the case of cylindrical or nearly cylindrical containers, the labeling statement required by this section to appear on the principal display panel shall appear within that 40 percent of the circumference most likely to be displayed, presented, shown, or examined. (b) Substitute labeling statement. If the area of the principal display panel, as determined in accordance with paragraph (a)(5) of this section, is too small to accommodate the statement required by paragraph (a)(1) using the type size required by paragraph (a)(4), the substitute statement ``Package Not Child-Resistant'' may be used. This substitute statement must comply with all of the requirements for size, placement, and conspicuousness prescribed by paragraph (a) of this section. [40 FR 4650, Jan. 31, 1975] [[Page 959]] Sec. 1700.14 Substances requiring special packaging. (a) Substances. The Commission has determined that the degree or nature of the hazard to children in the availability of the following substances, by reason of their packaging, is such that special packaging meeting the requirements of Sec. 1700.20(a) is required to protect children from serious personal injury or serious illness resulting from handling, using, or ingesting such substances, and the special packaging herein required is technically feasible, practicable, and appropriate for these substances: (1) Aspirin. Any aspirin-containing preparation for human use in a dosage form intended for oral administration shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15 (a), (b), and (c), except the following: (i) Effervescent tablets containing aspirin, other than those intended for pediatric use, provided the dry tablet contains not more than 15 percent aspirin and has an oral LD-50 in rats of 5 grams or more per kilogram of body weight. (ii) Unflavored aspirin-containing preparations in powder form (other than those intended for pediatric use) that are packaged in unit doses providing not more than 15.4 grains of aspirin per unit dose and that contain no other substance subject to the provisions of this section. (2) Furniture polish. Nonemulsion type liquid furniture polishes containing 10 percent or more of mineral seal oil and/or other petroleum distillates and having a viscosity of less than 100 Saybolt universal seconds at 100 [deg]F., other than those packaged in pressurized spray containers, shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15 (a), (b), and (d). (3) Methyl salicylate. Liquid preparations containing more than 5 percent by weight of methyl salicylate, other than those packaged in pressurized spray containers, shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15 (a), (b), and (c). (4) Controlled drugs. Any preparation for human use that consists in whole or in part of any substance subject to control under the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970 (21 U.S.C. 801 et seq.) and that is in a dosage form intended for oral administration shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15 (a), (b), and (c). (5) Sodium and/or potassium hydroxide. Household substances in dry forms such as granules, powder, and flakes, containing 10 percent or more by weight of free or chemically unneutralized sodium and/or potassium hydroxide, and all other household substances containing 2 percent or more by weight of free or chemically unneutralized sodium and/or potassium hydroxide, shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15 (a) and (b). (6) Turpentine. Household substances in liquid form containing 10 percent or more by weight of turpentine shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15 (a) and (b). (7) Kindling and/or illuminating preparations. Prepackaged liquid kindling and/or illuminating preparations, such as cigarette lighter fuel, charcoal lighter fuel, camping equipment fuel, torch fuel, and fuel for decorative or functional lanterns, which contain 10 percent or more by weight of petroleum distillates and have a viscosity of less than 100 Saybolt universal seconds at 100 [deg]F., shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15 (a) and (b). (8) Methyl alcohol (methanol). Household substances in liquid form containing 4 percent or more by weight of methyl alcohol (methanol), other than those packaged in pressurized spray containers, shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15 (a) and (b). (9) Sulfuric acid. Household substances containing 10 percent or more by weight of sulfuric acid, except such substances in wet-cell storage batteries, shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15 (a) and (b). (10) Prescription drugs. Any drug for human use that is in a dosage form intended for oral administration and that is required by Federal law to be dispensed only by or upon an oral or written prescription of a practitioner licensed by law to administer such drug shall be packaged in accordance with [[Page 960]] the provisions of Sec. 1700.15 (a), (b), and (c), except for the following: (i) Sublingual dosage forms of nitroglycerin. (ii) Sublingual and chewable forms of isosorbide dinitrate in dosage strengths of 10 milligrams or less. (iii) Erythromycin ethylsuccinate granules for oral suspension and oral suspensions in packages containing not more than 8 grams of the equivalent of erythromycin. (iv) Cyclically administered oral contraceptives in manufacturers' mnemonic (memory-aid) dispenser packages that rely solely upon the activity of one or more progestogen or estrogen substances. (v) Anhydrous cholestyramine in powder form. (vi) All unit dose forms of potassium supplements, including individually-wrapped effervescent tablets, unit dose vials of liquid potassium, and powdered potassium in unit-dose packets, containing not more than 50 milliequivalents of potassium per unit dose. (vii) Sodium fluoride drug preparations including liquid and tablet forms, containing not more than 110 milligrams of sodium fluoride (the equivalent of 50 mg of elemental fluoride) per package or not more than a concentration of 0.5 percent elemental fluoride on a weight-to-volume basis for liquids or a weight-to-weight basis for non-liquids and containing no other substances subject to this Sec. 1700.14(a)(10). (viii) Betamethasone tablets packaged in manufacturers' dispenser packages, containing no more than 12.6 milligrams betamethasone. (ix) Pancrelipase preparations in tablet, capsule, or powder form and containing no other substances subject to this Sec. 1700.14(a)(10). (x) Prednisone in tablet form, when dispensed in packages containing no more than 105 mg. of the drug, and containing no other substances subject to this Sec. 1700.14(a)(10). (xi)-(xii) [Reserved] (xiii) Mebendazole in tablet form in packages containing not more than 600 mg. of the drug, and containing no other substance subject to the provisions of this section. (xiv) Methylprednisolone in tablet form in packages containing not more than 84 mg of the drug and containing no other substance subject to the provisions of this section. (xv) Colestipol in powder form in packages containing not more than 5 grams of the drug and containing no other substance subject to the provisions of this section. (xvi) Erythromycin ethylsuccinate tablets in packages containing no more than the equivalent of 16 grams erythromycin. (xvii) Conjugated Estrogens Tablets, U.S.P., when dispensed in mnemonic packages containing not more than 32.0 mg of the drug and containing no other substances subject to this Sec. 1700.14(a)(10). (xviii) Norethindrone Acetate Tablets, U.S.P., when dispensed in mnemonic packages containing not more than 50 mg of the drug and containing no other substances subject to this Sec. 1700.14(a)(10). (xix) Medroxyprogesterone acetate tablets. (xx) Sacrosidase (sucrase) preparations in a solution of glycerol and water. (xxi) Hormone Replacement Therapy Products that rely solely upon the activity of one or more progestogen or estrogen substances. (xxii) Colesevelam hydrochloride in powder form in packages containing not more than 3.75 grams of the drug. (xxiii) Sevelamer carbonate in powder form in packages containing not more than 2.4 grams of the drug. (11) Ethylene glycol. Household substances in liquid form containing 10 percent or more by weight of ethylene glycol packaged on or after June 1, 1974, except those articles exempted by 16 CFR 1500.83, shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15 (a) and (b). (12) Iron-containing drugs. With the exception of: (i) Animal feeds used as vehicles for the administration of drugs, and (ii) those preparations in which iron is present solely as a colorant, noninjectable animal and human drugs providing iron for therapeutic or prophylactic purposes, and containing a total amount of elemental iron, from any source, in a single package, equivalent to 250 mg or more elemental iron in a concentration of 0.025 [[Page 961]] percent or more on a weight to volume basis for liquids and 0.025 percent or more on a weight to volume basis for liquids and 0.05 percent or more on a weight-to-weight basis for nonliquids (e.g., powders, granules, tablets, capsules, wafers, gels, viscous products, such as pastes and ointments, etc.) shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15 (a), (b), and (c). (13) Dietary supplements containing iron. Dietary supplements, as defined in Sec. 1700.1(a)(3), that contain an equivalent of 250 mg or more of elemental iron, from any source, in a single package in concentrations of 0.025 percent or more on a weight-to-volume basis for liquids and 0.05 percent or more on a weight-to-weight basis for nonliquids (e.g., powders, granules, tablets, capsules, wafers, gels, viscous products, such as pastes and ointments, etc.) shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15 (a), (b), and (c), except for the following: (i) Preparations in which iron is present solely as a colorant; and (ii) Powdered preparations with no more than the equivalent of 0.12 percent weight-to-weight elemental iron. (14) [Reserved] (15) Solvents for paint or other similar surface-coating material. Prepackaged liquid solvents (such as removers, thinners, brush cleaners, etc.) for paints or other similar surface-coating materials (such as varnishes and lacquers), that contain 10 percent or more by weight of benzene (also known as benzol), toluene (also known as toluol), xylene (also known as xylol), petroleum distillates (such as gasoline, kerosene, mineral seal oil, mineral spirits, naphtha, and Stoddard solvent, etc.), or combinations thereof, and that have a viscosity of less than 100 Saybolt universal seconds at 100 [deg]F., shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15 (a) and (b). (16) Acetaminophen. Preparations for human use in a dosage form intended for oral administration and containing in a single package a total of more than one gram acetaminophen shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15 (a), (b), and (c), except the following-- (i) Effervescent tablets or granules containing acetaminophen, provided the dry tablet or granules contain less than 15 percent acetaminophen, the tablet or granules have an oral LD-50 of 5 grams or greater per kilogram of body weight, and the tablet or granules contain no other substance subject to the provisions of this section. (ii) Unflavored acetaminophen-containing preparations in powder form (other than those intended for pediatric use) that are packaged in unit doses providing not more than 13 grains of acetaminophen per unit dose and that contain no other substance subject to this Sec. 1700.14(a). (17) Diphenhydramine. Preparations for human use in a dosage form intended for oral administration and containing more than the equivalent of 66 mg diphenhydramine base in a single package shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15 (a), (b), and (c), if packaged on or after February 11, 1985. (18) Glue removers containing acetonitrile. Household glue removers in a liquid form containing more than 500 mg of acetonitrile in a single container. (19) Permanent wave neutralizers containing sodium bromate or potassium bromate. Home permanent wave neutralizers, in a liquid form, containing in single container more than 600 mg of sodium bromate or more than 50 mg of potassium bromate. (20) Ibuprofen. Ibuprofen preparations for human use in a dosage form intended for oral administration and containing one gram (1,000 mg) or more of ibuprofen in a single package shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15 (a), (b), and (c). (21) Loperamide. Preparations for human use in a dosage form intended for oral administration and containing more than 0.045 mg of loperamide in a single package (i.e., retail unit) shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15 (a), (b), and (c). (22) Mouthwash. Except as provided in the following sentence, mouthwash preparations for human use and containing 3 g or more of ethanol in a single package shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15 (a), (b), and (c). Mouthwash products with nonremovable pump dispensers [[Page 962]] that contain at least 7% on a weight-to-weight basis of mint or cinnamon flavoring oils, that dispense no more than 0.03 grams of absolute ethanol per pump actuation, and that contain less than 15 grams of ethanol in a single unit are exempt from this requirement. The term ``mouthwash'' includes liquid products that are variously called mouthwashes, mouthrinses, oral antiseptics, gargles, fluoride rinses, anti-plaque rinses, and breath fresheners. It does not include throat sprays or aerosol breath fresheners. (23) Lidocaine. Products containing more than 5.0 mg of lidocaine in a single package (i.e., retail unit) shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15 (a) and (b). (24) Dibucaine. Products containing more than 0.5 mg of dibucaine in a single package (i.e., retail unit) shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15 (a) and (b). (25) Naproxen. Naproxen preparations for human use and containing the equivalent of 250 mg or more of naproxen in a single retail package shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15 (a), (b), and (c). (26) Ketoprofen. Ketoprofen preparations for human use and containing more than 50 mg of ketoprofen in a single retail package shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15 (a), (b) and (c). (27) Fluoride. Household substances containing more than the equivalent of 50 milligrams of elemental fluoride per package and more than the equivalent of 0.5 percent elemental fluoride on a weight-to- volume basis for liquids or a weight-to-weight basis for non-liquids shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15(a), (b) and (c). (28) Minoxidil. Minoxidil preparations for human use and containing more than 14 mg of minoxidil in a single retail package shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15(a), (b) and (c). Any applicator packaged with the minoxidil preparation and which it is reasonable to expect may be used to replace the original closure shall also comply with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15(a), (b) and (c). (29) Methacrylic acid.Except as provided in the following sentence, liquid household products containing more than 5 percent methacrylic acid (weight-to-volume) in a single retail package shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15(a),(b) and (c). Methacrylic acid products applied by an absorbent material contained inside a dispenser (such as a pen-like marker) are exempt from this requirement provided that: (i) the methacrylic acid is contained by the absorbent material so that no free liquid is within the device, and (ii) under any reasonably foreseeable conditions of use the methacrylic acid will emerge only through the tip of the device. (30) Over-the-Counter Drug Products. (i) Any over-the-counter (OTC) drug product in a dosage form intended for oral administration that contains any active ingredient that was previously available for oral administration only by prescription, and thus was required by paragraph (a)(10) of this section to be in special packaging, shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15(a),(b), and (c). This requirement applies whether or not the amount of that active ingredient in the OTC drug product is different from the amount of that active ingredient in the prescription drug product. This requirement does not apply if the OTC drug product contains only active ingredients of any oral drug product or products approved for OTC marketing based on an application for OTC marketing submitted to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) by any entity before January 29, 2002. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any special packaging requirement under this Sec. 1700.14 otherwise applicable to an OTC drug product remains in effect. (ii) For purposes of this paragraph (30), active ingredient means any component that is intended to furnish pharmacological activity or other direct effect in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease or to affect the structure or any function of the body of humans; and drug product means a finished dosage form, for example, tablet, capsule, or solution, that contains a drug substance (active ingredient), generally, but not necessarily, in association with one or more other ingredients. (These terms [[Page 963]] are intended to have the meanings assigned to them in the regulations of the Food and Drug Administration appearing at 21 CFR 201.66 (2001) and 21 CFR 314.3 (2000), respectively.) (31) Hazardous substances containing low-viscosity hydrocarbons. All prepackaged nonemulsion-type liquid household chemical products that are hazardous substances as defined in the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (FHSA) (15 U.S.C. 1261(f)), and that contain 10 percent or more hydrocarbons by weight and have a viscosity of less than 100 SUS at 100 [deg]F, shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15(a), (b), and (c), except for the following: (i) Products in packages in which the only non-child-resistant access to the contents is by a spray device (e.g., aerosols, or pump-or trigger-actuated sprays where the pump or trigger mechanism has either a child-resistant or permanent attachment to the package). (ii) Writing markers and ballpoint pens exempted from labeling requirements under the FHSA by 16 CFR 1500.83. (iii) Products from which the liquid cannot flow freely, including but not limited to paint markers and battery terminal cleaners. For purposes of this requirement, hydrocarbons are defined as substances that consist solely of carbon and hydrogen. For products that contain multiple hydrocarbons, the total percentage of hydrocarbons in the product is the sum of the percentages by weight of the individual hydrocarbon components. (32) Drugs and cosmetics containing low-viscosity hydrocarbons. All prepackaged nonemulsion-type liquid household chemical products that are drugs or cosmetics as defined in the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetics Act (FDCA) (21 U.S.C. 321(a)), and that contain 10 percent or more hydrocarbons by weight and have a viscosity of less than 100 SUS at 100 [deg]F, shall be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15(a), (b), and (c), except for the following: (i) Products in packages in which the only non-child-resistant access to the contents is by a spray device (e.g., aerosols, or pump-or trigger-actuated sprays where the pump or trigger mechanism has either a child-resistant or permanent attachment to the package). (ii) Products from which the liquid cannot flow freely, including but not limited to makeup removal pads. For the purposes of this requirement, hydrocarbons are defined as substances that consist solely of carbon and hydrogen. For products that contain multiple hydrocarbons, the total percentage of hydrocarbons in the product is the sum of the percentages by weight of the individual hydrocarbon components. (33) Imidazolines. Any over-the-counter or prescription product containing the equivalent of 0.08 milligrams or more of an imidazoline (tetrahydrozoline, naphazoline, oxymetazoline, or xylometazoline) in a single package, must be packaged in accordance with the provisions of Sec. 1700.15(a), (b), and (c). (b) Sample packages. (1) The manufacturer or packer of any of the substances listed under paragraph (a) of this section as substances requiring special packaging shall provide the Commission with a sample of each type of special packaging, as well as the labeling for each size product that will be packaged in special packaging and the labeling for any noncomplying package. Sample packages and labeling should be sent to the Consumer Product Safety Commission, Office of Compliance, 4330 East West Highway, Washington, DC 20207. (2) Sample packages should be submitted without contents when such contents are unnecessary for demonstrating the effectiveness of the packaging. (3) Any sample packages containing drugs listed under paragraph (a) of this section shall be sent by registered mail. (4) As used in paragraph (b)(1) of this section, the term manufacturer or packer does not include pharmacists and other individuals who dispense, at the retail or user level, drugs listed under paragraph (a) of this section as requiring special packaging. [[Page 964]] (c) Applicability. Special packaging standards for drugs listed under paragraph (a) of this section shall be in addition to any packaging requirements of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act or regulations promulgated thereunder or of any official compendia recognized by that act. (Pub. L. 91-601, secs. 2(4), 3, 5, 85 Stat. 1670-72; 15 U.S.C. 1471(4), 1472, 1474; Pub. L. 92-573, 86 Stat. 1231; 15 U.S.C. 2079(a)) [38 FR 21247, Aug. 7, 1973] Editorial Note: For Federal Register citations affecting Sec. 1700.14, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.govinfo.gov. Sec. 1700.15 Poison prevention packaging standards. To protect children from serious personal injury or serious illness resulting from handling, using, or ingesting household substances, the Commission has determined that packaging designed and constructed to meet the following standards shall be regarded as ``special packaging'' within the meaning of section 2(4) of the act. Specific application of these standards to substances requiring special packaging is in accordance with Sec. 1700.14. (a) General requirements. The special packaging must continue to function with the effectiveness specifications set forth in paragraph (b) of this section when in actual contact with the substance contained therein. This requirement may be satisfied by appropriate scientific evaluation of the compatibility of the substance with the special packaging to determine that the chemical and physical characteristics of the substance will not compromise or interfere with the proper functioning of the special packaging. The special packaging must also continue to function with the effectiveness specifications set forth in paragraph (b) of this section for the number of openings and closings customary for its size and contents. This requirement may be satisfied by appropriate technical evaluation based on physical wear and stress factors, force required for activation, and other such relevant factors which establish that, for the duration of normal use, the effectiveness specifications of the packaging would not be expected to lessen. (b) Effectiveness specifications. Special packaging, tested by the method described in Sec. 1700.20, shall meet the following specifications: (1) Child-resistant effectiveness of not less than 85 percent without a demonstration and not less than 80 percent after a demonstration of the proper means of opening such special packaging. In the case of unit packaging, child-resistant effectiveness of not less than 80 percent. (2) Ease of adult opening--(i) Senior-adult test. Except for products specified in paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of this section, special packaging shall have a senior adult use effectiveness (SAUE) of not less than 90% for the senior-adult panel test of Sec. 1700.20(a)(3). (ii) Younger-adult test--(A) When applicable. Products that must be in aerosol form and products that require metal containers, under the criteria specified below, shall have an effectiveness of not less than 90% for the younger-adult test of Sec. 1700.20(a)(4). The senior-adult panel test of Sec. 1700.20(a)(3) does not apply to these products. For the purposes of this paragraph, metal containers are those that have both a metal package and a recloseable metal closure, and aerosol products are self-contained pressurized products. (B) Determination of need for metal or aerosol container--(1) Criteria. A product will be deemed to require metal containers or aerosol form only if: (i) No other packaging type would comply with other state or Federal regulations, (ii) No other packaging can reasonably be used for the product's intended application, (iii) No other packaging or closure material would be compatible with the substance, (iv) No other suitable packaging type would provide adequate shelf- life for the product's intended use, or (v) Any other reason clearly demonstrates that such packaging is required. (2) Presumption. In the absence of convincing evidence to the contrary, a product shall be presumed not to require a metal container if the product, [[Page 965]] or another product of identical composition, has previously been marketed in packaging using either a nonmetal package or a nonmetal closure. (3) Justification. A manufacturer or packager of a product that is in a metal container or aerosol form that the manufacturer or packager contends is not required to comply with the SAUE requirements of Sec. 1700.20(a)(3) shall provide, if requested by the Commission's staff, a written explanation of why the product must have a metal container or be an aerosol. Manufacturers and packagers who wish to do so voluntarily may submit to the Commission's Office of Compliance a rationale for why their product must be in metal containers or be an aerosol. In such cases, the staff will reply to the manufacturer or packager, if requested, stating the staff's views on the adequacy of the rationale. (c) Reuse of special packaging. Special packaging for substances subject to the provisions of this paragraph shall not be reused. (d) Restricted flow. Special packaging subject to the provisions of this paragraph shall be special packaging from which the flow of liquid is so restricted that not more than 2 milliliters of the contents can be obtained when the inverted, opened container is taken or squeezed once or when the container is otherwise activated once. (Secs. 2(4), 3, 5, 84 Stat. 1670-72; 15 U.S.C. 1471(4), 1472, 1474) [38 FR 21247, Aug. 7, 1973, as amended at 60 FR 37734, July 21, 1995] Sec. 1700.20 Testing procedure for special packaging. (a) Test protocols--(1) General requirements--(i) Requirements for packaging. As specified in Sec. 1700.15(b), special packaging is required to meet the child test requirements and the applicable adult test requirements of this Sec. 1700.20. (ii) Condition of packages to be tested--(A) Tamper-resistant feature. Any tamper-resistant feature of the package to be tested shall be removed prior to testing unless it is part of the package's child- resistant design. Where a package is supplied to the consumer in an outer package that is not part of the package's child-resistant design, one of the following situations applies: (1) In the child test, the package is removed from the outer package, and the outer package is not given to the child. (2) In both the adult tests, if the outer package bears instructions for how to open or properly resecure the package, the package shall be given to the test subject in the outer package. The time required to remove the package from the outer package is not counted in the times allowed for attempting to open and, if appropriate, reclose the package. (3) In both the adult tests, if the outer package does not bear any instructions relevant to the test, the package will be removed from the outer package, and the outer package will not be given to the test subject. (B) Reclosable packages--adult tests. In both the adult tests, reclosable packages, if assembled by the testing agency, shall be properly secured at least 72 hours prior to beginning the test to allow the materials (e.g., the closure liner) to ``take a set.'' If assembled by the testing agency, torque-dependent closures shall be secured at the same on-torque as applied on the packaging line. Application torques must be recorded in the test report. All packages shall be handled so that no damage or jarring will occur during storage or transportation. The packages shall not be exposed to extreme conditions of heat or cold. The packages shall be tested at room temperature. (2) Child test--(i) Test subjects--(A) Selection criteria. Use from 1 to 4 groups of 50 children, as required under the sequential testing criteria in table 1. No more than 20% of the children in each group shall be tested at or obtained from any given site. Each group of children shall be randomly selected as to age, subject to the limitations set forth below. Thirty percent of the children in each group shall be of age 42-44 months, 40% of the children in each group shall be of age 45-48 months, and 30% of the children in each group shall be of age 49-51 months. The children's ages in months shall be calculated as follows: (1) Arrange the birth date and test date by the numerical designations for month, day, and year (e.g., test date: 8/3/1990; birth date: 6/23/1986). [[Page 966]] (2) Subtract the month, day, and year numbers for the birth date from the respective numbers for the test date. This may result in negative numbers for the months or days. (e.g., [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC14NO91.026 (3) Multiply the difference in years by 12 to obtain the number of months in the difference in years, and add this value to the number of months that was obtained when the birth date was subtracted from the test date (i.e., 4 x 12 = 48; 48 + 2 = 50). This figure either will remain the same or be adjusted up or down by 1 month, depending on the number of days obtained in the subtraction of the birth date from the test date. (4) If the number of days obtained by subtracting the days in the birth date from the days in the test date is + 16 or more, 1 month is added to the number of months obtained above. If the number of days is - 16 or less, subtract 1 month. If the number of days is between -15 and + 15 inclusive, no change is made in the number of months. Thus, for the example given above, the number of days is -20, and the number of months is therefore 50 - 1 = 49 months. (B) Gender distribution. The difference between the number of boys and the number of girls in each age range shall not exceed 10% of the number of children in that range. The children selected should have no obvious or overt physical or mental handicap. A parent or guardian of each child shall read and sign a consent form prior to the child's participation. (The Commission staff will not disregard the results of tests performed by other parties simply because informed consent for children is not obtained.) (ii) Test failures. A test failure shall be any child who opens the special packaging or gains access to its contents. In the case of unit packaging, however, a test failure shall be any child who opens or gains access to the number of individual units which constitute the amount that may produce serious personal injury or serious illness, or a child who opens or gains access to more than 8 individual units, whichever number is lower, during the full 10 minutes of testing. The number of units that a child opens or gains access to is interpreted as the individual units from which the product has been or can be removed in whole or in part. The determination of the amount of a substance that may produce serious personal injury or serious illness shall be based on a 25-pound (11.4 kg) child. Manufacturers or packagers intending to use unit packaging for a substance requiring special packaging are requested to submit such toxicological data to the Commission's Office of Compliance. (iii) Sequential test. The sequential test is initially conducted using 50 children, and, depending on the results, the criteria in table 1 determine whether the package is either child-resistant or not child- resistant or whether further testing is required. Further testing is required if the results are inconclusive and involves the use of one or more additional groups of 50 children each, up to a maximum of 200 children. No individual shall administer the test to more than 30% of the children tested in each group. Table 1 gives the acceptance (pass), continue testing, and rejection (fail) criteria to be used for the first 5 minutes and the full 10 minutes of the children's test. If the test continues past the initial 50-child panel, the package openings shown in table 1 are cumulative. Table 1--Number of Openings: Acceptance (Pass), Continue Testing, and Rejection (Fail) Criteria for the First 5 Minutes and the Full 10 Minutes of the Children's Protocol Test ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Package openings Cumulative ----------------------------------------------------------------- Test panel number of First 5 minutes Full 10 minutes children ----------------------------------------------------------------- Pass Continue Fail Pass Continue Fail ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1................................. 50 0-3 4-10 11 + 0-5 6-14 15 + [[Page 967]] 2................................. 100 4-10 11-18 19 + 6-15 16-24 25 + 3................................. 150 11-18 19-25 26 + 16-25 26-34 35 + 4................................. 200 19-30 ......... 31 + 26-40 ......... 41 + ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (iv) Test procedures. The children shall be divided into groups of two. The testing shall be done in a location that is familiar to the children, for example, their customary nursery school or regular kindergarten. No child shall test more than two special packages. When more than one special package is being tested, each package shall be of a different ASTM type and they shall be presented to the paired children in random order. This order shall be recorded. The children shall be tested by the procedure incorporated in the following test instructions: Standardized Child Test Instructions 1. Reclosable packages, if assembled by the testing agency, shall be properly secured at least 72 hours prior to the opening described in instruction number 3 to allow the materials (e.g., the closure liner) to ``take a set.'' Application torques must be recorded in the test report. 2. All packages shall be handled so that no damage or jarring will occur during storage or transportation. The packages shall not be exposed to extreme conditions of heat or cold. The packages shall be tested at room temperature. 3. Reclosable packages shall be opened and properly resecured one time (or more if appropriate), by the testing agency or other adult prior to testing. The opening and resecuring shall not be done in the presence of the children. (In the adult-resecuring test, the tester must not open and resecure the package prior to the test.) If multiple openings/resecurings are to be used, each of four (4) testers shall open and properly resecure one fourth of the packages once and then shall open and properly resecure each package a second, third, fourth, through tenth (or other specified number) time, in the same sequence as the first opening and resecuring. The packages shall not be opened and resecured again prior to testing. The name of each tester and the package numbers that he/she opens and resecures shall be recorded and reported. It is not necessary for the testers to protocol test the packages that they opened and resecured. 4. The children shall have no overt physical or mental handicaps. No child with a permanent or temporary illness, injury, or handicap that would interfere with his/her effective participation shall be included in the test. 5. The testing shall take place in a well-lighted location that is familiar to the children and that is isolated from all distractions. 6. The tester, or another adult, shall escort a pair of children to the test area. The tester shall seat the two children so that there is no visual barrier between the children and the tester. 7. The tester shall talk to the children to make them feel at ease. 8. The children shall not be given the impression that they are in a race or contest. They are not to be told that the test is a game or that it is fun. They are not to be offered a reward. 9. The tester shall record all data prior to, or after, the test so that full attention can be on the children during the test period. 10. The tester shall use a stopwatch(s) or other timing devices to time the number of seconds it takes the child to open the package and to time the 5-minute test periods. 11. To begin the test, the tester shall hand the children identical packages and say, ``PLEASE TRY TO OPEN THIS FOR ME.'' 12. If a child refuses to participate after the test has started, the tester shall reassure the child and gently encourage the child to try. If the child continues to refuse, the tester shall ask the child to hold the package in his/her lap until the other child is finished. This pair of children shall not be eliminated from the results unless the refusing child disrupts the participation of the other child. 13. Each child shall be given up to 5 minutes to open his/her package. The tester shall watch the children at all times during the test. The tester shall minimize conversation with the children as long as they continue to attempt to open their packages. The tester shall not discourage the children verbally or with facial expressions. If a child [[Page 968]] gets frustrated or bored and stops trying to open his/her package, the tester shall reassure the child and gently encourage the child to keep trying (e.g., ``please try to open the package''). 14. The children shall be allowed freedom of movement to work on their packages as long as the tester can watch both children (e.g., they can stand up, get down on the floor, or bang or pry the package). 15. If a child is endangering himself or others at any time, the test shall be stopped and the pair of children eliminated from the final results. 16. The children shall be allowed to talk to each other about opening the packages and shall be allowed to watch each other try to open the packages. 17. A child shall not be allowed to try to open the other child's package. 18. If a child opens his/her package, the tester shall say, ``THANK YOU,'' take the package from the child and put it out of the child's reach. The child shall not be asked to open the package a second time. 19. At the end of the 5-minute period, the tester shall demonstrate how to open the package if either child has not opened his or her package. A separate ``demo'' package shall be used for the demonstration. 20. Prior to beginning the demonstration, the tester shall ask the children to set their packages aside. The children shall not be allowed to continue to try to open their packages during the demonstration period. 21. The tester shall say, ``WATCH ME OPEN MY PACKAGE.'' 22. Once the tester gets the children's full attention, the tester shall hold the demo package approximately two feet from the children and open the package at a normal speed as if the tester were going to use the contents. There shall be no exaggerated opening movements. 23. The tester shall not discuss or describe how to open the package. 24. To begin the second 5-minute period, the tester shall say, ``NOW YOU TRY TO OPEN YOUR PACKAGES.'' 25. If one or both children have not used their teeth to try to open their packages during the first 5 minutes, the tester shall say immediately before beginning the second 5-minute period, ``YOU CAN USE YOUR TEETH IF YOU WANT TO.'' This is the only statement that the tester shall make about using teeth. 26. The test shall continue for an additional 5 minutes or until both children have opened their packages, whichever comes first. 27. At the end of the test period, the tester shall say, ``THANK YOU FOR HELPING.'' If children were told that they could use their teeth, the tester shall say, ``I KNOW I TOLD YOU THAT YOU COULD USE YOUR TEETH TODAY, BUT YOU SHOULD NOT PUT THINGS LIKE THIS IN YOUR MOUTH AGAIN'' In addition, the tester shall say, ``NEVER OPEN PACKAGES LIKE THIS WHEN YOU ARE BY YOURSELF. THIS KIND OF PACKAGE MIGHT HAVE SOMETHING IN IT THAT WOULD MAKE YOU SICK.'' 28. The children shall be escorted back to their classroom or other supervised area by the tester or another adult. 29. If the children are to participate in a second test, the tester shall have them stand up and stretch for a short time before beginning the second test. The tester shall take care that the children do not disrupt other tests in progress. (3) Senior-adult panel--(i) Test subjects. Use a group of 100 senior adults. Not more than 24% of the senior adults tested shall be obtained from or tested at any one site. Each group of senior adults shall be randomly selected as to age, subject to the limitations set forth below. Twenty-five percent of the participants shall be 50-54 years of age, 25% of participants shall be 55-59 years of age, and 50% of the participants shall be 60-70 years old. Seventy percent of the participants of ages 50-59 and ages 60-70 shall be female (17 or 18 females shall be apportioned to the 50-54 year age group). No individual tester shall administer the test to more than 35% of the senior adults tested. The adults selected should have no obvious or overt physical or mental disability. (ii) Screening procedures. Participants who are unable to open the packaging being tested in the first 5-minute time period, are given a screening test. The screening tests for this purpose shall use two packages with conventional (not child-resistant (CR) or ``special'') closures. One closure shall be a plastic snap closure and the other a CT plastic closure. Each closure shall have a diameter of 28 mm18%, and the CT closures shall have been resecured 72 hours before testing at 10 inch-pounds of torque. The containers for both the snap- and CT-type closures shall be round plastic containers, in sizes of 2 ounce\1/2\ ounce for the CT-type closure and 8 drams4 drams for the snap-type closure. Persons who cannot open and close both of the screening packages in 1-minute screening tests shall not be counted as participants in the senior-adult panel. (iii) SAUE. The senior adult use effectiveness (SAUE) is the percentage of [[Page 969]] adults who both opened the package in the first (5-minute) test period and opened and (if appropriate) properly resecured the package in the 1- minute test period. (iv) Test procedures. The senior adults shall be tested individually, rather than in groups of two or more. The senior adults shall receive only such printed instructions on how to open and properly secure the special packaging as will appear on or accompany the package as it is delivered to the consumer. The senior-adult panel is tested according to the procedure incorporated in the following senior-adult panel test instructions: Test Instructions for Senior Test The following test instructions are used for all senior tests. If non-reclosable packages are being tested, the commands to close the package are eliminated. 1. No adult with a permanent or temporary illness, injury, or disability that would interfere with his/her effective participation shall be included in the test. 2. Each adult shall read and sign a consent form prior to participating. Any appropriate language from the consent form may be used to recruit potential participants. The form shall include the basic elements of informed consent as defined in 16 CFR 1028.116. Examples of the forms used by the Commission staff for testing are shown at Sec. 1700.20(d). Before beginning the test, the tester shall say, ``PLEASE READ AND SIGN THIS CONSENT FORM.'' If an adult cannot read the consent form for any reason (forgot glasses, illiterate, etc.), he/she shall not participate in the test. 3. Each adult shall participate individually and not in the presence of other participants or onlookers. 4. The tests shall be conducted in well-lighted and distraction-free areas. 5. Records shall be filled in before or after the test, so that the tester's full attention is on the participant during the test period. Recording the test times to open and resecure the package are the only exceptions. 6. To begin the first 5-minute test period, the tester says, ``I AM GOING TO ASK YOU TO OPEN AND PROPERLY CLOSE THESE TWO IDENTICAL PACKAGES ACCORDING TO THE INSTRUCTIONS FOUND ON THE CAP.'' (Specify other instruction locations if appropriate.) 7. The first package is handed to the participant by the tester, who says, ``PLEASE OPEN THIS PACKAGE ACCORDING TO THE INSTRUCTIONS ON THE CAP.'' (Specify other instruction locations if appropriate.) If the package contains product, the tester shall say, ``PLEASE EMPTY THE (PILLS, TABLETS, CONTENTS, etc.) INTO THIS CONTAINER.'' After the participant opens the package, the tester says, ``PLEASE CLOSE THE PACKAGE PROPERLY, ACCORDING TO THE INSTRUCTIONS ON THE CAP.'' (Specify other instruction locations if appropriate) 8. Participants are allowed up to 5 minutes to read the instructions and open and close the package. The tester uses a stopwatch(s) or other timing device to time the opening and resecuring times. The elapsed times in seconds to open the package and to close the package are recorded on the data sheet as two separate times. 9. After 5 minutes, or when the participant has opened and closed the package, whichever comes first, the tester shall take all test materials from the participant. The participant may remove and replace the closure more than once if the participant initiates these actions. If the participant does not open the package and stops trying to open it before the end of the 5-minute period, the tester shall say, ``ARE YOU FINISHED WITH THAT PACKAGE, OR WOULD YOU LIKE TO TRY AGAIN?'' If the participant indicates that he/she is finished or cannot open the package and does not wish to continue trying, skip to Instruction 13. 10. To begin the second test period, the tester shall give the participant another, but identical, package and say, ``THIS IS AN IDENTICAL PACKAGE. PLEASE OPEN IT ACCORDING TO THE INSTRUCTIONS ON THE CAP.'' (Specify other instruction locations if appropriate.) If the package contains product, the tester shall say, ``PLEASE EMPTY THE (PILLS, TABLETS, CONTENTS, etc.) INTO THIS CONTAINER.'' After the participant opens the package, the tester says, ``PLEASE CLOSE THE PACKAGE PROPERLY, ACCORDING TO THE INSTRUCTIONS ON THE CAP.'' (Specify other instruction locations if appropriate.) 11. The participants are allowed up to 1 minute (60 full seconds) to open and close the package. The elapsed times in seconds to open and to close the package are recorded on the data sheet as two separate times. The time that elapses between the opening of the package and the end of the instruction to close the package is not counted as part of the 1- minute test time. 12. After the 1-minute test, or when the participant has opened and finished closing the package, whichever comes first, the tester shall take all the test materials from the participant. The participant shall not be allowed to handle the package again. If the participant does not open the package and stops trying to open it before the end of the 1- minute period, the tester shall say, ``ARE YOU FINISHED WITH THAT PACKAGE, OR WOULD YOU LIKE TO TRY AGAIN?'' If the participant indicates that he/she is finished [[Page 970]] or cannot open the package and does not wish to continue trying, this shall be counted as a failure of the 1-minute test. 13. Participants who do not open the package in the first 5-minute test period are asked to open and close two non-child-resistant screening packages. The participants are given a 1-minute test period for each package. The tester shall give the participant a package and say, ``PLEASE OPEN AND PROPERLY CLOSE THIS PACKAGE.'' The tester records the time for opening and closing, or 61 seconds, whichever is less, on the data sheet. The tester then gives the participant the second package and says, ``PLEASE OPEN AND PROPERLY CLOSE THIS PACKAGE.'' The time to open and resecure, or 61 seconds, whichever is less, shall be recorded on the data sheet. 14. Participants who cannot open and resecure both of the non-child- resistant screening packages are not counted as part of the 100-seniors panel. Additional participants are selected and tested. 15. No adult may participate in more than two tests per sitting. If a person participates in two tests, the packages tested shall not be the same ASTM type of package. 16. If more adults in a sex or age group are tested than are necessary to determine SAUE, the last person(s) tested shall be eliminated from that group. (4) Younger-adult panel. (i) One hundred adults, age 18 to 45 inclusive, with no overt physical or mental handicaps, and 70% of whom are female, shall comprise the test panel for younger adults. Not more than 35% of adults shall be obtained or tested at any one site. No individual tester shall administer the test to more than 35% of the adults tested. The adults shall be tested individually, rather than in groups of two or more. The adults shall receive only such printed instructions on how to open and properly resecure the special packaging as will appear on the package as it is delivered to the consumer. Five minutes shall be allowed to complete the opening and, if appropriate, the resecuring process. (ii) Records shall be kept of the number of adults unable to open and of the number of the other adults tested who fail to properly resecure the special packaging. The number of adults who successfully open the special packaging and then properly resecure the special packaging (if resecuring is appropriate) is the percent of adult-use effectiveness of the special packaging. In the case of unit packaging, the percent of adult-use effectiveness shall be the number of adults who successfully open a single (unit) package. (b) The standards published as regulations issued for the purpose of designating particular substances as being subject to the requirements for special packaging under the act will stipulate the percent of child- resistant effectiveness and adult-use effectiveness required for each and, where appropriate, will include any other conditions deemed necessary and provided for in the act. (c) It is recommended that manufacturers of special packaging, or producers of substances subject to regulations issued pursuant to the act, submit to the Commission summaries of data resulting from tests conducted in accordance with this protocol. (d) Recommendations. The following instructions and procedures, while not required, are used by the Commission's staff and are recommended for use where appropriate. (1) Report format for child test. A. Identification 1. Close-up color photographs(s) clearly identifying the package and showing the opening instructions on the closure. 2. Product name and the number of tablets or capsules in the package. 3. Product manufacturer. 4. Closure model (trade name--e.g., ``KLIK & SNAP''). 5. Closure size (e.g., 28 mm). 6. Closure manufacturer. 7. Closure material and color(s) (e.g., white polypropylene). 8. Closure liner material. 9. TAC seal material. 10. Opening instructions (quote exactly, e.g., ``WHILE PUSHING, DOWN, TURN RIGHT''). Commas are used to separate words that are on different lines. 11. Symbols, numbers, and letters found inside the closure. 12. Package model. 13. Package material and color. 14. Net contents. 15. Symbols, numbers, and letters on the bottom of the package. 16. Other product identification, e.g., EPA Registration Number. B. Procedures 1. Describe all procedures for preparing the test packages. 2. Describe the testing procedures. 3. Describe all instructions given to the children. 4. Define an individual package failure. [[Page 971]] C. Results 1. Openings in each 5-minute period and total openings for males and for females in each age group. 2. Opening methods (e.g., normal opening, teeth, etc.). 3. Mean opening times and standard deviation for each 5-minute test period. 4. The percentage of packages tested at each site as a percentage of total packages. 5. The percentage of packages tested by each tester as a percentage of total packages. 6. Child-resistant effectiveness for the first 5-minute period and for the total test period. (2) Standardized adult-resecuring test instructions. CPSC will use the adult-resecuring test where an objective determination (e.g., visual or mechanical) that a package is properly resecured cannot be made. The adult-resecuring test is performed as follows: Adult-Resecuring Procedure 1. After the adult participant in either the senior-adult test of 16 CFR 1700.20(a)(3) or the younger-adult test of 16 CFR 1700.20(a)(4) has resecured the package, or at the end of the test period (whichever comes first), the tester shall take the package and place it out of reach. The adult participant shall not be allowed to handle the package again. 2. The packages that have been opened and appear to be resecured by adults shall be tested by children according to the child-test procedures to determine if the packages have been properly resecured. The packages are given to the children without being opened or resecured again for any purpose. 3. Using the results of the adult tests and the tests of apparently- resecured packaging by children, the adult use effectiveness is calculated as follows: a. Adult use effectiveness. 1. The number of adult opening and resecuring failures, plus the number of packages that were opened by the children during the full 10- minute test that exceeds 20% of the apparently-resecured packages, equals the total number of failures. 2. The total number of packages tested by adults (which is 100) minus the total number of failures equals the percent adult-use effectiveness. (3) Report format for adult-resecuring test. A. Identification 1. Close-up color photograph(s) clearly identifying the package and showing the top of the closure. 2. Product name and the number of tablets or capsules in the package. 3. Product manufacturer. 4. Closure model (trade name). 5. Closure size (e.g., 28 mm). 6. Closure manufacturer. 7. Closure material and color(s) (e.g., white polypropylene) 8. Closure liner material. 9. Symbols, numbers, and letters found inside the closure. 10. TAC seal material. 11. Opening instructions (Quote exactly, e.g., ``WHILE PUSHING, DOWN, TURN RIGHT''). Commas are used to separate words that are on different lines. 12. Package model. 13. Package material and color. 14. Net contents. 15. Symbols, numbers, and letters on the bottom of the package. 16. Other product identification, e.g., EPA Registration Number. B. Procedures 1. Describe all procedures for preparing the test packages. 2. Describe the testing procedures in detail. 3. Describe all instructions given to participants. 4. Define an individual package failure and the procedures for determining a failure. C. Results Adult Test 1. Total packages opened and total packages resecured; packages opened by males and by females; and packages resecured by males and by females. 2. Mean opening times and standard deviation for total openings, total openings by females, and total openings by males. 3. Mean resecuring times and standard deviation for total resecurings, total resecurings by females and total resecurings by males. 4. The percentage of packages tested at each site as a percentage of total packages. 5. The percentage of packages tested by each tester as a percentage of total packages. 6. Methods of opening (e.g., normal opening, pried closure off, etc.) Child Test 1. Openings in each 5-minute period, and total openings, for males and females in each age group. 2. Opening methods. 3. Mean opening times and standard deviation for each 5-minute test period. 4. The percentage of packages tested at each site as a percentage of total packages. 5. The percentage of packages tested by each tester as a percentage of total packages. (4) Consent forms. The Commission uses the following consent forms for senior-adult testing reclosable and unit-dose packaging, respectively. [[Page 972]] 1. Reclosable packages. [Testing Organization's Letterhead] Child-Resistant Package Testing The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission is responsible for testing child-resistant packages to make sure they protect young children from medicines and dangerous household products. With the help of people like you, manufacturers are able to improve the packages we use, keeping the contents safe from children but easier for the rest of us to open. Effective child-resistant packages have prevented thousands of poisonings since the Poison Prevention Act was passed in 1970. The use of child-resistant packages on prescription medicines alone may have saved the lives of over 350 children since 1974. As part of this program, we are testing a child-resistant package to determine if it can be opened and properly closed by an adult who is between 50 and 70 years of age. You may or may not be familiar with the packages we are testing. Take your time, and please do not feel that you are being tested--we are testing the package, not you. Description of the Test 1. I will give you a package and ask you to read the instructions and open and properly close the package. 2. I will then give you an identical package, and ask you to open and properly close it. 3. I may ask you to open some other types of packages. 4. The packages may be empty or they may contain a product. 5. I will ask you whether you think the child-resistant package was easy or hard to use. Consent Form for Child-Resistant Package Testing The Consumer Product Safety Commission has been using contractors to test child-resistant packages for many years with no injuries to anyone, although it is possible that a minor injury could happen. I agree to test a child-resistant package. I understand that I can change my mind at any time. I am between the ages of 50 and 70, inclusive. Birthdate_______________________________________________________________ Signature_______________________________________________________________ Date____________________________________________________________________ Zip Code________________________________________________________________ Office Use Site:___________________________________________________________________ Sample Number:__________________________________________________________ Test Number:____________________________________________________________ Package Number:_________________________________________________________ 2. Unit-dose packages. [Testing Organization's Letterhead] Unit Dose Child-Resistant Package Testing The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission is responsible for testing child-resistant packages to make sure they protect young children from medicines and dangerous household products. With the help of people like you, manufacturers are able to improve the packages we use, keeping the contents safe from children but easier for the rest of us to open. Effective child-resistant packages have prevented thousands of poisonings since the Poison Prevention Act was passed in 1970. The use of child-resistant packages on prescription medicines alone may have saved the lives of over 350 children since 1974. As part of this program, we are testing a child-resistant package to determine if it can be opened by an adult who is between 50 and 70 years of age. You may or may not be familiar with the packages we are testing. Take your time, and please do not feel that you are being tested--we are testing the package, not you. Description of the Test 1. I will give you a package and ask you to read the instructions, open one unit, and remove the contents. 2. I will then give you an identical package, and ask you to open one unit and remove the contents. 3. I may ask you to open some other types of packages. 4. I will ask you whether you think the child-resistant package was easy or hard to use. Consent Form for Child-Resistant Package Testing The Consumer Product Safety Commission has been using contractors to test child-resistant packages for many years with no injuries to anyone, although it is possible that a minor injury could happen. I agree to test a child-resistant package. I understand that I can change my mind at any time. I am between the ages of 50 and 70, inclusive. Birthdate_______________________________________________________________ Signature_______________________________________________________________ Date____________________________________________________________________ Zip Code________________________________________________________________ Office Use Site:___________________________________________________________________ Sample Number:__________________________________________________________ Test Number:____________________________________________________________ Package Number:_________________________________________________________ [38 FR 21247, Aug. 7, 1973, as amended at 60 FR 37735, 37738, July 22, 1995] [[Page 973]] PART 1701_STATEMENTS OF POLICY AND INTERPRETATION--Table of Contents Sec. 1701.1 Special packaging for substances subject to a standard that are distributed to pharmacies to be dispensed pursuant to an order of a licensed medical practitioner. 1701.3 Applicability of special packaging requirements to hazardous substances in large size containers. Sec. 1701.1 Special packaging for substances subject to a standard that are distributed to pharmacies to be dispensed pursuant to an order of a licensed medical practitioner. (a) In order to assist manufacturers of prescription drugs in discharging their responsibilities under the act concerning such drugs that are distributed to pharmacies, the Consumer Product Safety Commission has codified this statement of its policy concerning which prescription drug packages supplied by manufacturers to pharmacies must comply with the ``special'' (child-resistant) packaging requirements contained in 16 CFR 1700.15. (b) Manufacturers of prescription drugs may package such drugs for distribution to pharmacies in different types of packages, depending on whether the manufacturer intends that the package will be the one in which the drug is ultimately given to the consumer or whether it is intended that the pharmacist will repackage the drug before it is dispensed to the consumer. If the drug is supplied in a bulk package from which individual prescriptions are intended to be repackaged by the pharmacist, the manufacturer need not utilize special packaging. However, the Commission interprets the provision of the act as requiring that all prescription drugs subject to a special packaging standard that are distributed to pharmacies shall be in special packaging if the immediate package in which the drugs are distributed by the manufacturer is intended to be the package in which the drugs are dispensed to the consumer. Examples of such packages include mnemonic dispensing devices; dropper bottles; packages with ``tear off'' labels; packages which incorporate ancillary instructions for consumer handling, storage, or use on permanently affixed portions of their labels; and products intended to be reconstituted in their original containers. The Commission believes that this interpretation is necessary in order to insure that the pharmacist will actually dispense the drug in the proper package. If the pharmacist receives a request from the consumer or an order from the prescribing medical practitioner for conventional (noncomplying) packaging, section 4(b) of the act permits the pharmacist to convert the package to conventional packaging or repackage the drug in conventional packaging. (c) Manufacturers should also note that section 4(a) of the act (which allows a product to be marketed in noncomplying packaging of a single size under certain circumstances) does not apply to prescription drugs subject to section 4(b) of the act. Thus, since the section 4(a) single-size exemption for over-the-counter drugs and other household substances does not apply to prescription drugs, every unit of a prescription drug subject to a special packaging standard which is distributed to a pharmacy in a package intended by the manufacturer to be dispensed to a consumer shall be in special packaging. (d) Nothing in this statement of policy and interpretation should be interpreted as relieving the pharmacist of the responsibility of insuring that all prescription drugs subject to a special packaging standard are dispensed to the consumer in special packaging unless otherwise ordered by the prescribing practitioner or otherwise requested by the consumer. (Secs. 2-4, Pub. L. 91-601, 84 Stat. 1670, 1671 (15 U.S.C. 1471-1473); sec. 701(a), 52 Stat. 1055 (21 U.S.C. 371(a)) [43 FR 11980 Mar. 23, 1978] Sec. 1701.3 Applicability of special packaging requirements to hazardous substances in large size containers. The special packaging requirements of the PPPA apply to ``household substances'' for which the Commission has determined there is a need for special packaging, as provided in section 3 of the act (15 U.S.C. 1472). At section 2(2) of the act (15 U.S.C. 1471) (restated at 16 [[Page 974]] CFR 1700.1(b)(2)), the term household substance is defined as ``any substance which is customarily produced or distributed for sale for consumption or use, or customarily stored, by individuals in or about the household * * *.'' The Commission has issued requirements for special packaging for certain hazardous substances at 16 CFR 1700.14(a). Unless otherwise indicated in the requirements for specific hazardous substances, the Commission interprets the term ``household substance'' as only applying to these hazardous substances when packaged in containers with a capacity of less than 5 gallons. As a result, unless otherwise specified, the hazardous substances at 16 CFR 1700.14(a) are not required to be in special packaging when packaged in containers of 5 gallons or more. (Secs. 2, 5, 7, 9, Pub. L. 91-601; 94 Stat. 1670-1674 (15 U.S.C. 1471, 1474, 1476, 1478); sec. 30(a), Pub. L. 92-573, 86 Stat. 1231 (15 U.S.C. 2079(a)) [43 FR 53712, Nov. 17, 1978] PART 1702_PETITIONS FOR EXEMPTIONS FROM POISON PREVENTION PACKAGING ACT REQUIREMENTS; PETITION PROCEDURES AND REQUIREMENTS-- Table of Contents Sec. 1702.1 Purpose and policy. 1702.2 Procedural requirements and recommendations. 1702.3 Substantive requirements. 1702.4 Petitions with insufficient or incomplete information. 1702.5 Failure to supply adverse information. 1702.6 Trade secrets and other confidential information. 1702.7 Justification for the exemption. 1702.8 Human experience data. 1702.9 Relevant experimental data. 1702.10 Human experimental data involving the testing of human subjects. 1702.11 Product specifications. 1702.12 Packaging specifications. 1702.13 Labeling and packaging samples. 1702.14 Marketing history. 1702.15 Petitions alleging the incompatibility of child resistant packaging with the particular substance petitioned for exemption. 1702.16 Petitions requesting an exemption for a drug or a new drug. 1702.17 Granting petitions. 1702.18 Denying petitions. 1702.19 Effect of filing petition. Authority: 15 U.S.C. 1471(4), 1472, 1474, 1269(a), 2079(a); 21 U.S.C. 371(a). Source: 45 FR 13064, Feb. 28, 1980, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1702.1 Purpose and policy. (a) Section 1700.14(a) of part 1700 lists household substances the Consumer Product Safety Commission requires, under section 3(a)(1) of the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970, 15 U.S.C. 1472, to be contained in special packaging to protect children from serious personal injury or serious illness resulting from handling, using, or ingesting such substances. There may be occasions, however, when the Commission determines that a particular substance should be exempt from special packaging requirements. (b) The Commission may, either on its own initiative or upon the petition of any interested person, amend the regulation at Sec. 1700.14(a) by exempting a substance or category of substances from special packaging requirements. The purpose of these rules is to provide procedures and requirements for submitting petitions for exemption from special packaging requirements. Sec. 1702.2 Procedural requirements and recommendations. (a) Requirements. To be considered a petition for exemption from special packaging requirements under this part a document filed under this part must: (1) Be mailed to the Office of the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, D.C. 20207, or delivered to the Office of the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, 4330 East West Highway, Bethesda, MD 20814, (2) Be written in the English language, (3) Contain the name and address of the petitioner, (4) Contain an explicit request for exemption from special packaging requirements, (5) Identify the category of substances under Sec. 1700.14(a) from which the exemption is sought, and (6) Identify the particular substance for which the exemption is sought. [[Page 975]] (b) Failure to meet requirements. Where a submission fails to meet all of the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section, the Office of the Secretary shall notify the person submitting it, describe the deficiency, and explain that the petition may be resubmitted when the deficiency is corrected. (c) Procedural recommendations. The following are procedural recommendations to help the Commission in its consideration of petitions. The Commission requests, but does not require, that petitions filed under this part: (1) Be typewritten, (2) Include the word ``petition'' in a heading preceding the text, (3) Include the telephone number of the petitioner, and (4) Be accompanied by at least five (5) copies of the petition. [45 FR 13064, Feb. 28, 1980, as amended at 62 FR 46668, Sept. 4, 1997] Sec. 1702.3 Substantive requirements. (a) A petition filed under this part shall include the information required by this part, or a satisfactory explanation for the absence of the information. As provided by Sec. 1702.4, a petition which is not complete may be closed. To be considered complete, a petition shall include the following: (1) A statement of the justification for the exemption in accordance with Sec. 1702.7, (2) All reasonably available human experience data, reasonably available relevant experimental data (both human and animal), product and packaging specifications, labeling, and marketing history, in accordance with Sec. Sec. 1702.8 through 1702.14, (b) As used in this regulation, ``reasonably available'' information is data in the petitioner's possession; data that has previously been generated by the petitioner, and data that is obtainable from such sources as: Reports from Poison Control Centers; reports of adverse reactions that have been submitted to the petitioner; the medical, pharmacological, and toxicological literature; and information required by the FDA for an Investigational Exemption for a New Drug (IND) or a New Drug Application (NDA). Sec. 1702.4 Petitions with insufficient or incomplete information. If a petition is submitted that is not complete and does not explain the reason for the absence of the information, the Commission shall afford the petitioner a reasonable opportunity to provide additional information. If the required information is not submitted to the Commission, or if the petitioner does not satisfactorily explain the absence of the information within a reasonable time, the petition shall be closed if insufficient or incomplete information has been submitted to enable the Commission to evaluate the merits of the exemption request. Sec. 1702.5 Failure to supply adverse information. Failure to obtain and provide the Commission with all reasonably available information that the petitioner knows is unfavorable or could reasonably expect to be unfavorable to the petition shall result in the denial of the petition. Sec. 1702.6 Trade secrets and other confidential information. Where a petition contains material that the petitioner believes should be exempt from public disclosure under the Freedom of Information Act, 5 U.S.C. 552, the petitioner shall comply with the requirements of 16 CFR part 1015, the Commission's regulation under the Freedom of Information Act concerning requests for treatment as exempt material. The Commission shall act upon any request for treatment as exempt material in accordance with the provisions of 16 CFR part 1015. Sec. 1702.7 Justification for the exemption. The justification for the exemption, required under Sec. 1702.3, shall explain the reason for the exemption based on one or more of the following grounds: (a) If the justification is based on a lack of need for special packaging to protect young children from serious injury or illness from the substance, the justification shall state how the lack of toxicity and lack of adverse human experience for the substance clearly supports granting the exemption. [[Page 976]] (b) If the exemption is requested because special packaging is not technologically feasible, practicable, or appropriate for the substance, the justification shall explain why. (c) If the exemption is requested because special packaging is incompatible with the particular substance, the justification shall explain why. Sec. 1702.8 Human experience data. Human experience data constitutes the primary criterion used by the Commission in evaluating petitions for exemptions. Petitions shall therefore include a compilation of all reasonably available reports pertaining to human use of the particular substance, including the product brand as well as generic equivalents and involving adverse reports of personal injury, illness, and significant allergenicity. Such information in children is of particular importance in evaluating exemption requests. However, similar data in adults shall also be submitted if available. Human experience data may be obtained from such sources as: (a) Reports from Poison Control Centers, (b) Reports of adverse reactions relative to the product that have been submitted to the company by physicians, hospitals, consumers, and other sources, (c) Extensive searches of the medical, pharmacological, and toxicological literature, and (d) For drugs, where the human experience data submitted is based on data required by FDA to be compiled for an Investigational Exemption for a New Drug (IND), 21 CFR part 312, or a New Drug Application (NDA), 21 CFR part 314, a summary of the relevant data should be provided. The entire NDA and IND material need not be submitted. Sec. 1702.9 Relevant experimental data. Experimental data are generated in both animals and humans in controlled situations in order to evaluate the biological effects of a substance. Certain toxicological effects cannot generally be evaluated in human beings. This is especially true of those substances which are not normally intended to be used in or on the human body or animal body. Therefore, the Commission considers experimental data obtained in animal studies to be an important supplement to such data as may exist from any experimental studies conducted in humans. The minimum toxicological evaluation necessary for a particular household substance is proportional to the expected exposure of man to that substance. Household substances which are not expected, in normal use, to contact man are subject to less extensive studies than those substances, such as drugs, which are designed to be used in or on man. The Commission has, therefore, separated the requirements of this section into three subsections. Section 1702.9(a) lists minimum acute animal toxicity data which shall be submitted, if reasonably available, for all petitions; Sec. 1702.9(b) lists those additional data which shall be submitted, if reasonably available, for drug products and all other household substances which are normally intended to be used in or on the human body; and Sec. 1702.9(c) lists those additional data which shall be submitted, if reasonably available, by petitioners requesting exemption for substances not intended for use in or on the human or animal body. The Commission emphasizes that, while not absolutely necessary, the types of data outlined in Sec. 1702.9(c) may greatly expedite the Commission's evaluation of a particular exemption request. (a) General criteria applicable to all petitions. (1) Each petition for an exemption under this part shall include all reasonably available relevant experimental data relating to the petition regardless of whether such data are unfavorable to the petitioner's request. As used in this part, the term ``relevant experimental data'' includes, but is not limited to, all data, including animal and human studies revealing the nature and degree of the hazard associated with the particular substance. Generally, the hazard associated with the particular substance involves the risk of injury arising from the acute accidental ingestion of a product. Where a hazard different from the risk of injury arising from accidental ingestion is known to exist (e.g., potential for significant allergenicity, dermal or opthalmic injury from handling or [[Page 977]] using the product), the petitioner shall also submit all reasonably available relevant experimental data evaluating the nature and degree of any additional hazard(s). (2) All animal studies submitted in support of exemption requests should be performed in conformity with good pharmacological and toxicological practice which includes, as a minimum, complete descriptions of protocols used in experimental animal studies, and signed laboratory reports which include the following basic information: (i) An exact description of materials tested; (ii) A description of test animals employed in studies, including number, age, weight, sex and nutritional state of animals; (iii) Dosage level(s) and number of animals tested per dosage level; (iv) Basis upon which dosage was administered (e.g., as salt or base); (v) Route of administration and dosage volume; and (vi) Appendices containing all raw data and any additional data generated subsequent to the completion of the original study (e.g., results of histopathological examinations, if performed). (3) Each petition shall include all reasonably available reports of Median Lethal Dosage (LD50) studies and shall include all raw data obtained in such studies. These studies should normally be conducted in both adult and weanling animals of the same species. The oral route of administration should be followed for studies involving substances subject to regulations promulgated under the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970. Where a percutaneous toxicity hazard exists, the petition shall include reasonably available studies using the percutaneous route of administration. Sufficient dosage levels as well as adequate numbers of test animals per dosage level should be used to give statistical reliability to determined LD50 values. (4) In view of the fact that LD50 values in themselves do not necessarily reflect a true estimate of the overall toxic potential of a substance, LD50 determinations should, where an LD50 value may be calculated, include: (i) The LD50 value with 95 percent confidence limits; (ii) A slope determination for the dose response curve, including 95 percent confidence limits; and (iii) A description of the statistical method employed in the analysis of such data (with proper citation) as well as the statistical analysis itself. (5) The Commission shall disregard any data which do not fulfill the strict requirements of the statistical method used in their analyses. Modifications of accepted statistical methods which have been published in the literature are acceptable to the Commission provided that a copy of the published work is submitted. (6) Acute toxicity studies submitted with petitions should have at least a seven day observation period of test animals. Good pharmacological practice provides that test animals are observed closely for several hours following test substance administration and less frequently on subsequent test days. Succumbing animals should be necropsied as soon as practicable following death, while surviving animals should be necropsied, and gross pathological alterations noted, at the end of the observation period. Documentation of non-lethal effects occurring during these observation periods should be submitted in conjunction with acute toxicity laboratory reports. Documentation of any lethal effects occurring at high dosage levels, including mode of death (e.g., cardiac arrest/respiratory arrest), and time of death should be submitted in conjunction with acute toxicity laboratory reports. Reports of gross necropsies performed upon surviving animals should be submitted, as well as results of necropsies performed upon animals succumbing to the test substance, provided that such animals are examined prior to the onset of autolysis. Results of microscopic examinations, when indicated by the nature or results of an acute toxicity study, shall also be submitted. (b) Additional data criteria for petitions involving substances normally used in or on the human or animal body. (1) Petitioners submitting exemption requests for substances normally used on or [[Page 978]] taken into the human body or animal body shall, in addition to the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section submit the following data, where reasonably available: (i) Summary laboratory reports of data obtained in subacute and chronic animal studies where the data pertain to the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of substances in question; (ii) A median lethal dosage (LD50) determination conducted in one additional species. Of the two LD50 determinations required for persons submitting exemption requests under this part, one should be conducted in a nonrodent species; (iii) Summary reports of data obtained in human studies designed to measure the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of substances in question; and (iv) Data indicating, insofar as is known, the mechanism of action of the substance in question and the mechanism by which expected toxicological effects occur. If these mechanisms are unknown, the petition should state this. (2) Petitioners submitting exemption requests for substances normally used on or taken into the human or animal body shall, in addition to the requirements of paragraphs (a) and (b)(1) of this section, submit an evaluation of the pharmacology and toxicology of the substance in question based on reasonably available medical and scientific literature. The evaluation should be a comprehensive one, and should include proper literature citations. To the extent possible, information submitted by the petitioner justifying an exemption based on the medical and scientific literature will be evaluated under the criteria specified in Sec. 1702.9(a) for evaluating experimental data. In certain cases where the experimental data specified by Sec. 1702.9 (a) and (b) are unavailable, the medical and scientific literature may justify granting an exemption, particularly where the pharmacology and toxicology of the substance is well documented in the literature. (c) Optional data criteria for petitions involving substances not used in or on the human or animal body. The following types of data, although often not generated for household substances not normally used in or on the human or animal body, may be available to a petitioner and should, where reasonably available, be submitted. (1) Summary laboratory reports of data obtained in subacute and chronic animal studies where such data pertain to the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of the substance in question; (2) Results of median lethal dosage (LD50) studies conducted in additional species of animals; and (3) Any additional experimental studies relevant to the exemption request which would provide the Commission with additional means of assessing the hazards to children of the product for which exemption is sought. Sec. 1702.10 Human experimental data involving the testing of human subjects. Any human experimental data submitted with a petition requesting an exemption under this part shall include a statement establishing that adequate measures have been taken to ensure against psychological or physical injury to the subject of the human studies. The Commission considers its regulations concerning the protection of human subjects (16 CFR part 1028) to be an example of measures that are adequate to ensure against psychological or physical injury to human subjects. Sec. 1702.11 Product specifications. Each petition for an exemption shall include: (a) A complete quantitative formula for the product, including inert ingredients, diluents, and solvents. (Petitioners should refer to Sec. 1702.6 for information regarding trade secrets.) (b) A listing of all physical forms or dosage forms (whichever is appropriate) in which the product is available. Sec. 1702.12 Packaging specifications. Each petition for an exemption shall include the following information for each form of the product for which an exemption is sought: (a) A description of the packaging currently in use including the name of [[Page 979]] the manufacturer of the package and all specifications for the package, (b) A complete packaging description including any carton or wrapping in which the product is offered to the consumer, (c) A description of each size in which the product is offered, including physical form, color and flavoring, and (d) An empty sample of each type and size of package petitioned for exemption and, in the case of drugs, a designation of those packages intended to be used in dispensing the product to the consumer for household use. Sec. 1702.13 Labeling and packaging samples. Each petition for an exemption under this part shall include a sample of the label and complete packaging for each size in which each form of the product for which an exemption is sought is packaged. This shall include the immediate container labeling, any package inserts, and other carton or wrapping labeling in which the product is offered to the consumer. In the case of drugs, each petition shall be accompanied by labeling on the outer carton or wrapping in which the product is offered to the retailer, as well as samples of the promotional and advertising information for the product. Sec. 1702.14 Marketing history. Each petition for an exemption under this part shall include a statement of the marketing history of the substance for which an exemption is requested. The marketing history dates from the year in which each form of the product was introduced onto the market. The marketing history shall include the total number of units of each form or strength and package size of the product distributed since the product was introduced onto the market. In the case of prescription drugs, the average prescription size for the product should also be indicated, if known. Sec. 1702.15 Petitions alleging the incompatibility of child resistant packaging with the particular substance petitioned for exemption. (a) Where the petition for an exemption is based upon an allegation that the applicable special packaging standard is incompatible with the particular substance or would seriously and adversely compromise the utility or stability of a substance, the petitioner shall submit adequate evidence to support the allegation. (b) If the allegation of incompatibility is based upon the fact that package choice is limited by a new drug application filed with the FDA, the petition shall state the limitation of package choice and a description of a time schedule to revise the NDA in order to allow additional package choice. (c) If the allegation of incompatibility is based upon the fact that the shelf life of the product limits package choice, the petition shall outline the particular limitation and shall include a description of a time schedule to re-establish shelf-life data. Sec. 1702.16 Petitions requesting an exemption for a drug or a new drug. (a) Where the petition requests an exemption for a drug, as defined in section 201(g)(1) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 321(g)(1), the petitioner shall include those reports required to be filed under the Food and Drug Administration's Adverse Reaction Reporting Program. (b) [Reserved] [45 FR 13064, Feb. 28, 1980, as amended at 66 FR 40115, Aug. 2, 2001] Sec. 1702.17 Granting petitions. Where the Commission determines that reasonable grounds for an exemption are presented by the petition, the Commission shall publish, in the Federal Register, a proposed amendment to the listing of substances requiring special packaging under Sec. 1700.14(a). ``Reasonable grounds'' for publishing a proposed exemption are information and data sufficient to support the conclusion that: (a) The degree or nature of the hazard to children in the availability of the substance, by reason of its packaging, is such that special packaging is not required to protect children from serious personal injury or serious illness resulting from handling, using, or ingesting the substance, or (b) Special packaging is not technically feasible, practicable, or appropriate for the subject substance, or [[Page 980]] (c) Special packaging is incompatible with the particular substance. Sec. 1702.18 Denying petitions. Where the Commission determines that reasonable grounds for an exemption are not presented by the petition, the petition shall be denied, and the petitioner notified in writing of the denial, including a brief statement of the reasons therefor. Sec. 1702.19 Effect of filing petition. The filing of a petition for exemption under this part 1702 shall not have the effect of staying the regulation from which the exemption is sought. Therefore, substances subject to special packaging standards shall be considered in violation of the law unless packaged in special packaging during the Commission's consideration of a petition. [[Page 981]] SUBCHAPTER F_REFRIGERATOR SAFETY ACT REGULATIONS PART 1750_STANDARD FOR DEVICES TO PERMIT THE OPENING OF HOUSEHOLD REFRIGERATOR DOORS FROM THE INSIDE--Table of Contents Sec. 1750.1 Definitions. 1750.2 Transfer of functions. 1750.3 Scope and application. 1750.4 General requirements. 1750.5 Detailed requirements. 1750.6 Tests. 1750.7 Provision for changes in the standard. Authority: Pub. L. 84-930, sec. 3, 70 Stat. 953 (15 U.S.C. 1213). Source: 38 FR 34729, Dec. 18, 1973, unless otherwise noted. Sec. 1750.1 Definitions. As used in this part: (a) Act means the Refrigerator Safety Act (Pub. L. 84-930, 70 Stat. 953; 15 U.S.C. 1211-14), enacted August 2, 1956. (b) Commission means the Consumer Product Safety Commission established by the Consumer Product Safety Act (Pub. L. 92-573, sec. 4, 86 Stat. 1210; 15 U.S.C. 2053). (c) Device means the mechanism or the means provided for enabling the doors of household refrigerators to be opened from the inside. (d) Effective date means the date under the provisions of the act after which all household refrigerators manufactured and introduced or delivered for introduction into interstate commerce must comply with this standard. This date is October 30, 1958. (e) Household refrigerator means a cabinet or any part of a cabinet designed for the storage of food at temperatures above 0 [deg]C. (32 [deg]F.), having a source of refrigeration, and intended for household use. (f) Opened as applied to a refrigerator door means to effect release of the latching mechanism so that a trapped child would have to apply little or no further effort in order to escape. (g) Shelving means any shelf, basket, drawer, or baffle which can be readily removed from the refrigerator without the use of tools. Sec. 1750.2 Transfer of functions. Effective May 14, 1973, section 30(c) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (86 Stat. 1231; 15 U.S.C. 2079(c)) transferred functions under the Refrigerator Safety Act from the Secretary of Commerce and the Federal Trade Commission to the Consumer Product Safety Commission. Sec. 1750.3 Scope and application. This standard shall apply to devices furnished with household refrigerators manufactured and introduced or delivered for introduction into interstate commerce after the effective date (October 30, 1958) which enable such refrigerators to be opened from the inside. The requirements of this standard shall apply to household refrigerators in their normal operating position only. The releasing feature(s) of the device shall be accessible from all spaces which (a) are bounded by interior walls or shelving, (b) are directly accessible when the exterior hinged door(s) is (are) opened, and (c) have a minimum dimension of 20.3 centimeters (8 inches) or more and a volume of 56.6 cubic decimeters (2 cubic feet) or more either with all shelving in place or as the result of the removal or the rearrangement of any or all of the shelving. Sec. 1750.4 General requirements. Household refrigerators shall be equipped with a device enabling the doors thereof to be opened easily from the inside, either by the application of an outwardly directed force to the inside of the door or by the rotation of a knob similar to a conventional doorknob. The device shall not render the refrigerator unsatisfactory for the preservation of food under any or all normal conditions of use. Sec. 1750.5 Detailed requirements. (a) Releasing forces. As determined by the tests prescribed by Sec. 1750.6, the device: (1) Shall permit the refrigerator door to be opened on the application of a force equivalent to one which, if directed perpendicularly to the plane of [[Page 982]] the door and applied anywhere along the latch edge of the inside of the closed door, shall not exceed 66.7 newtons (15 pounds); (2) Shall permit the refrigerator door to be opened on the application of clockwise or counterclockwise turning moment of not more than 0.57 newton-meter (5 inch-pounds) to a knob on the door through an angle of rotation of 45[deg] 15[deg] in either direction; or (3) Shall function automatically to permit the door to be opened with a force of 66.7 newtons (15 pounds) or less applied as described in paragraph (a)(1) of this section whenever space(s) exist(s) or is (are) created with dimensions and volumes exceeding the dimensions and volumes imposed by Sec. 1750.3. (b) Description and location of knob(s). The knob(s) shall resemble a conventional doorknob in shape and size and shall be mounted near the latch side of the door extending into the cabinet at least 6.3 millimeters (\1/4\ inch) beyond any inner door surface within a 15.2- centimeter (6-inch) radius of the knob center. The knob(s) shall be mounted in such a manner that there is a minimum of 19.0-millimeter (\3/ 4\-inch) clearance between the inner periphery of the knob(s) and adjacent inner door surfaces. The knob(s) shall be located so as to provide the accessibility required by Sec. 1750.3. (c) Wear. The device shall comply with the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section after 300,000 cycles of operation of the door as determined by the tests prescribed by Sec. 1750.6. (d) Protection against adverse effects from spillage, cleaning, defrosting, and condensation. Devices shall be designed so that spillage of foods or beverages, cleaning or defrosting in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations, or normal condensation will not so adversely affect the operation of the device as to result in its failure to meet the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section, as determined by the tests prescribed by Sec. 1750.6. (e) Devices which permit door to be opened as a result of forces or turning moments applied to movable components inside the refrigerator. Those components of a device upon which the safety features of the device depend shall not break, crack, permanently deform, nor show other visible damage when subjected to forces and moments specified in the tests under Sec. 1750.6(c). The requirements of paragraph (a) of this section shall be satisfied after the device has been subjected to the tests under Sec. 1750.6(c). (f) Power supply. The device shall operate in accordance with the requirements of this standard with the electric, gas, or other fuel supply either on or off. Sec. 1750.6 Tests. It is the intent of this standard that where tests are not specified, the general and detailed requirements shall be checked by inspection, simple measurement, and by consideration of pertinent standard commercial practices. Compliance with the requirements of Sec. 1750.5 (a), (c), (d), and (e) shall be checked with the aid of the following tests: (a) Test for releasing force on door. The force measurements shall be made by means of a force gage with a calibrated accuracy within 1.3 newtons (0.3 pound) when measuring a force of 66.7 newtons (15 pounds). The dial of the gage shall be graduated with finest divisions not exceeding 0.9 newton (0.2 pound), and the full-scale range shall not exceed 133.4 newtons (30 pounds). Measurements shall be made at three points on the door near the inside latch edge--one point near the top of the interior space created by removal of all shelving, one point near the bottom, and one point midway between these two points. The requirements of Sec. 1750.5(a)(1) shall be satisfied. (b) Test for knob torque. The measurement of the turning moment required to operate the knob release shall be made with a torque gage adapted for attachment to the knob or knob shaft. The gage shall have a calibrated accuracy within 0.011 newton-meter (0.10 inch-pound) when measuring a moment of 0.57 newton-meter (5 inch- pounds). The finest graduations on the dial of the gage shall correspond to a moment increment not greater than 0.011 newton-meter (0.10 inch- pound) and the full-scale range shall not exceed 1.13 newton-meters (10 inch-pounds) in each direction from the null reading. The [[Page 983]] turning moment shall be applied so as to rotate the knob the full amount required for release, in both a clockwise and a counterclockwise direction. The angle of rotation required for release shall be checked by means of an angle gage adapted to measure the angle of rotation about the longitudinal axis of the knob shaft. The gage shall have a calibrated accuracy within 1[deg] at an angle of 45[deg] and the finest divisions shall not exceed 1[deg]. The requirements of Sec. 1750.5(a)(2) shall be satisfied. (c) Tests for strength of device components which affect the safety features of the device. (1) The tests prescribed by paragraph (c)(2) of this section shall apply only to devices which permit the door to be opened as a result of forces or turning moments applied to movable components inside the refrigerator. (2) A turning moment of 2.26 newton-meters (20 inch-pounds) shall be applied for 50 successive operations in a clockwise direction, followed by 50 successive similar operations in a counterclockwise direction, to components designed to permit the door to be opened as a result of the application of a turning moment to them. The turning moment shall be applied to the outer periphery of the component provided. The gage used for registering the moment applied shall have a calibrated accuracy within 0.044 newton-meter (0.4 inch-pound) when measuring a moment of 2.26 newton- meters (20 inch-pounds). The finest graduations on the dial of the gage shall correspond to a moment increment not greater than 0.044 newton- meter (0.4 inch-pound) and the full-scale range of the gage shall not exceed 4.52 newton-meters (40 inch-pounds) in each direction from the null reading. The turning moment applied in each operation shall be applied for a period of time sufficient for the component to come to rest after completing the extent of movement for which designed. A pushing force of 89.0 newtons (20 pounds) shall be applied for 50 successive operations, followed, if applicable, by 50 successive similar operations with a pulling force, to components designed to permit the door to be opened as a result of the application of a force to them. Areas which may be, in service, subjected to pushing or pulling forces which create maximum stresses (for example, points on the outer periphery of components designed to transmit a turning moment, or unsupported portions of members or areas designed for transmitting a force) shall be subjected to test. The gage used for registering the force applied shall have a calibrated accuracy within 1.8 newtons (0.4 pound) when measuring a force of 89.0 newtons (20 pounds). The finest graduations on the dial of the gage shall correspond to a force not in excess of 1.8 newtons (0.4 pound) and the full-scale range shall not exceed 177.9 newtons (40 pounds). (3) Upon being subjected to the tests prescribed by paragraph (c)(2) of this section, no device component on which the safety features of the device depend shall break, crack, permanently deform, or show other visible damage. The device must satisfy the requirements of Sec. 1750.5(a) after being subjected to the tests in paragraph (c)(2). (d) Simulated use test. Tests shall be conducted on the completely assembled refrigerator in its normal operating position to determine that the release device complies with the requirements of Sec. 1750.5 during and after the 300,000 cycles of door operation and following exposure to spillage of foods and beverages, to cleaning and defrosting in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, and to condensation. The equipment provided for operating the door shall open the door sufficiently on each cycle to assure a complete cycle of operation for the latch mechanism. Sec. 1750.7 Provision for changes in the standard. (a) Section 5 of the act provides for the possibility of changes in the commercial standard first established pursuant to section 3 of the act and allows a period of 1 year and 90 days for compliance with such changes after they are published. (b) Any person wishing to propose a change in this standard shall submit to the Secretary, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Washington, D.C. 20207, the proposed change. Before a change is recommended, the Consumer Product Safety Commission shall secure advice and consultation from public or private sources including particularly the [[Page 984]] household refrigerator manufacturing industry and the Division of Maternal and Child Health, Health Resources and Services Administration, Public Health Service, Department of Health and Human Services. The Commission shall then take such action as it deems appropriate. [38 FR 34729, Dec. 18, 1973, as amended at 51 FR 10, Jan. 2, 1986; 52 FR 406, Jan. 6, 1987] PARTS 1751 1799 [RESERVED] [[Page 985]] FINDING AIDS -------------------------------------------------------------------- A list of CFR titles, subtitles, chapters, subchapters and parts and an alphabetical list of agencies publishing in the CFR are included in the CFR Index and Finding Aids volume to the Code of Federal Regulations which is published separately and revised annually. Table of CFR Titles and Chapters Alphabetical List of Agencies Appearing in the CFR List of CFR Sections Affected [[Page 987]] Table of CFR Titles and Chapters (Revised as of January 1, 2023) Title 1--General Provisions I Administrative Committee of the Federal Register (Parts 1--49) II Office of the Federal Register (Parts 50--299) III Administrative Conference of the United States (Parts 300--399) IV Miscellaneous Agencies (Parts 400--599) VI National Capital Planning Commission (Parts 600--699) Title 2--Grants and Agreements Subtitle A--Office of Management and Budget Guidance for Grants and Agreements I Office of Management and Budget Governmentwide Guidance for Grants and Agreements (Parts 2--199) II Office of Management and Budget Guidance (Parts 200-- 299) Subtitle B--Federal Agency Regulations for Grants and Agreements III Department of Health and Human Services (Parts 300-- 399) IV Department of Agriculture (Parts 400--499) VI Department of State (Parts 600--699) VII Agency for International Development (Parts 700--799) VIII Department of Veterans Affairs (Parts 800--899) IX Department of Energy (Parts 900--999) X Department of the Treasury (Parts 1000--1099) XI Department of Defense (Parts 1100--1199) XII Department of Transportation (Parts 1200--1299) XIII Department of Commerce (Parts 1300--1399) XIV Department of the Interior (Parts 1400--1499) XV Environmental Protection Agency (Parts 1500--1599) XVIII National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Parts 1800--1899) XX United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (Parts 2000--2099) XXII Corporation for National and Community Service (Parts 2200--2299) XXIII Social Security Administration (Parts 2300--2399) XXIV Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 2400--2499) XXV National Science Foundation (Parts 2500--2599) XXVI National Archives and Records Administration (Parts 2600--2699) [[Page 988]] XXVII Small Business Administration (Parts 2700--2799) XXVIII Department of Justice (Parts 2800--2899) XXIX Department of Labor (Parts 2900--2999) XXX Department of Homeland Security (Parts 3000--3099) XXXI Institute of Museum and Library Services (Parts 3100-- 3199) XXXII National Endowment for the Arts (Parts 3200--3299) XXXIII National Endowment for the Humanities (Parts 3300-- 3399) XXXIV Department of Education (Parts 3400--3499) XXXV Export-Import Bank of the United States (Parts 3500-- 3599) XXXVI Office of National Drug Control Policy, Executive Office of the President (Parts 3600--3699) XXXVII Peace Corps (Parts 3700--3799) LVIII Election Assistance Commission (Parts 5800--5899) LIX Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration Council (Parts 5900-- 5999) LX Federal Communications Commission (Parts 6000--6099) Title 3--The President I Executive Office of the President (Parts 100--199) Title 4--Accounts I Government Accountability Office (Parts 1--199) Title 5--Administrative Personnel I Office of Personnel Management (Parts 1--1199) II Merit Systems Protection Board (Parts 1200--1299) III Office of Management and Budget (Parts 1300--1399) IV Office of Personnel Management and Office of the Director of National Intelligence (Parts 1400-- 1499) V The International Organizations Employees Loyalty Board (Parts 1500--1599) VI Federal Retirement Thrift Investment Board (Parts 1600--1699) VIII Office of Special Counsel (Parts 1800--1899) IX Appalachian Regional Commission (Parts 1900--1999) XI Armed Forces Retirement Home (Parts 2100--2199) XIV Federal Labor Relations Authority, General Counsel of the Federal Labor Relations Authority and Federal Service Impasses Panel (Parts 2400--2499) XVI Office of Government Ethics (Parts 2600--2699) XXI Department of the Treasury (Parts 3100--3199) XXII Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (Parts 3200-- 3299) XXIII Department of Energy (Parts 3300--3399) XXIV Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (Parts 3400-- 3499) XXV Department of the Interior (Parts 3500--3599) [[Page 989]] XXVI Department of Defense (Parts 3600--3699) XXVIII Department of Justice (Parts 3800--3899) XXIX Federal Communications Commission (Parts 3900--3999) XXX Farm Credit System Insurance Corporation (Parts 4000-- 4099) XXXI Farm Credit Administration (Parts 4100--4199) XXXIII U.S. International Development Finance Corporation (Parts 4300--4399) XXXIV Securities and Exchange Commission (Parts 4400--4499) XXXV Office of Personnel Management (Parts 4500--4599) XXXVI Department of Homeland Security (Parts 4600--4699) XXXVII Federal Election Commission (Parts 4700--4799) XL Interstate Commerce Commission (Parts 5000--5099) XLI Commodity Futures Trading Commission (Parts 5100-- 5199) XLII Department of Labor (Parts 5200--5299) XLIII National Science Foundation (Parts 5300--5399) XLV Department of Health and Human Services (Parts 5500-- 5599) XLVI Postal Rate Commission (Parts 5600--5699) XLVII Federal Trade Commission (Parts 5700--5799) XLVIII Nuclear Regulatory Commission (Parts 5800--5899) XLIX Federal Labor Relations Authority (Parts 5900--5999) L Department of Transportation (Parts 6000--6099) LII Export-Import Bank of the United States (Parts 6200-- 6299) LIII Department of Education (Parts 6300--6399) LIV Environmental Protection Agency (Parts 6400--6499) LV National Endowment for the Arts (Parts 6500--6599) LVI National Endowment for the Humanities (Parts 6600-- 6699) LVII General Services Administration (Parts 6700--6799) LVIII Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (Parts 6800--6899) LIX National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Parts 6900--6999) LX United States Postal Service (Parts 7000--7099) LXI National Labor Relations Board (Parts 7100--7199) LXII Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (Parts 7200-- 7299) LXIII Inter-American Foundation (Parts 7300--7399) LXIV Merit Systems Protection Board (Parts 7400--7499) LXV Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 7500--7599) LXVI National Archives and Records Administration (Parts 7600--7699) LXVII Institute of Museum and Library Services (Parts 7700-- 7799) LXVIII Commission on Civil Rights (Parts 7800--7899) LXIX Tennessee Valley Authority (Parts 7900--7999) LXX Court Services and Offender Supervision Agency for the District of Columbia (Parts 8000--8099) LXXI Consumer Product Safety Commission (Parts 8100--8199) [[Page 990]] LXXIII Department of Agriculture (Parts 8300--8399) LXXIV Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (Parts 8400--8499) LXXVI Federal Retirement Thrift Investment Board (Parts 8600--8699) LXXVII Office of Management and Budget (Parts 8700--8799) LXXX Federal Housing Finance Agency (Parts 9000--9099) LXXXIII Special Inspector General for Afghanistan Reconstruction (Parts 9300--9399) LXXXIV Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection (Parts 9400-- 9499) LXXXVI National Credit Union Administration (Parts 9600-- 9699) XCVII Department of Homeland Security Human Resources Management System (Department of Homeland Security--Office of Personnel Management) (Parts 9700--9799) XCVIII Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity and Efficiency (Parts 9800--9899) XCIX Military Compensation and Retirement Modernization Commission (Parts 9900--9999) C National Council on Disability (Parts 10000--10049) CI National Mediation Board (Parts 10100--10199) CII U.S. Office of Special Counsel (Parts 10200--10299) Title 6--Domestic Security I Department of Homeland Security, Office of the Secretary (Parts 1--199) X Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board (Parts 1000--1099) Title 7--Agriculture Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary of Agriculture (Parts 0--26) Subtitle B--Regulations of the Department of Agriculture I Agricultural Marketing Service (Standards, Inspections, Marketing Practices), Department of Agriculture (Parts 27--209) II Food and Nutrition Service, Department of Agriculture (Parts 210--299) III Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Department of Agriculture (Parts 300--399) IV Federal Crop Insurance Corporation, Department of Agriculture (Parts 400--499) V Agricultural Research Service, Department of Agriculture (Parts 500--599) VI Natural Resources Conservation Service, Department of Agriculture (Parts 600--699) VII Farm Service Agency, Department of Agriculture (Parts 700--799) VIII Agricultural Marketing Service (Federal Grain Inspection Service, Fair Trade Practices Program), Department of Agriculture (Parts 800--899) [[Page 991]] IX Agricultural Marketing Service (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Fruits, Vegetables, Nuts), Department of Agriculture (Parts 900--999) X Agricultural Marketing Service (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Milk), Department of Agriculture (Parts 1000--1199) XI Agricultural Marketing Service (Marketing Agreements and Orders; Miscellaneous Commodities), Department of Agriculture (Parts 1200--1299) XIV Commodity Credit Corporation, Department of Agriculture (Parts 1400--1499) XV Foreign Agricultural Service, Department of Agriculture (Parts 1500--1599) XVI [Reserved] XVII Rural Utilities Service, Department of Agriculture (Parts 1700--1799) XVIII Rural Housing Service, Rural Business-Cooperative Service, Rural Utilities Service, and Farm Service Agency, Department of Agriculture (Parts 1800-- 2099) XX [Reserved] XXV Office of Advocacy and Outreach, Department of Agriculture (Parts 2500--2599) XXVI Office of Inspector General, Department of Agriculture (Parts 2600--2699) XXVII Office of Information Resources Management, Department of Agriculture (Parts 2700--2799) XXVIII Office of Operations, Department of Agriculture (Parts 2800--2899) XXIX Office of Energy Policy and New Uses, Department of Agriculture (Parts 2900--2999) XXX Office of the Chief Financial Officer, Department of Agriculture (Parts 3000--3099) XXXI Office of Environmental Quality, Department of Agriculture (Parts 3100--3199) XXXII Office of Procurement and Property Management, Department of Agriculture (Parts 3200--3299) XXXIII Office of Transportation, Department of Agriculture (Parts 3300--3399) XXXIV National Institute of Food and Agriculture (Parts 3400--3499) XXXV Rural Housing Service, Department of Agriculture (Parts 3500--3599) XXXVI National Agricultural Statistics Service, Department of Agriculture (Parts 3600--3699) XXXVII Economic Research Service, Department of Agriculture (Parts 3700--3799) XXXVIII World Agricultural Outlook Board, Department of Agriculture (Parts 3800--3899) XLI [Reserved] XLII Rural Business-Cooperative Service and Rural Utilities Service, Department of Agriculture (Parts 4200-- 4299) [[Page 992]] L Rural Business-Cooperative Service, and Rural Utilities Service, Department of Agriculture (Parts 5000--5099) Title 8--Aliens and Nationality I Department of Homeland Security (Parts 1--499) V Executive Office for Immigration Review, Department of Justice (Parts 1000--1399) Title 9--Animals and Animal Products I Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Department of Agriculture (Parts 1--199) II Agricultural Marketing Service (Fair Trade Practices Program), Department of Agriculture (Parts 200-- 299) III Food Safety and Inspection Service, Department of Agriculture (Parts 300--599) Title 10--Energy I Nuclear Regulatory Commission (Parts 0--199) II Department of Energy (Parts 200--699) III Department of Energy (Parts 700--999) X Department of Energy (General Provisions) (Parts 1000--1099) XIII Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board (Parts 1300-- 1399) XVII Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board (Parts 1700-- 1799) XVIII Northeast Interstate Low-Level Radioactive Waste Commission (Parts 1800--1899) Title 11--Federal Elections I Federal Election Commission (Parts 1--9099) II Election Assistance Commission (Parts 9400--9499) Title 12--Banks and Banking I Comptroller of the Currency, Department of the Treasury (Parts 1--199) II Federal Reserve System (Parts 200--299) III Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (Parts 300--399) IV Export-Import Bank of the United States (Parts 400-- 499) V [Reserved] VI Farm Credit Administration (Parts 600--699) VII National Credit Union Administration (Parts 700--799) VIII Federal Financing Bank (Parts 800--899) IX (Parts 900--999) [Reserved] X Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection (Parts 1000-- 1099) [[Page 993]] XI Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (Parts 1100--1199) XII Federal Housing Finance Agency (Parts 1200--1299) XIII Financial Stability Oversight Council (Parts 1300-- 1399) XIV Farm Credit System Insurance Corporation (Parts 1400-- 1499) XV Department of the Treasury (Parts 1500--1599) XVI Office of Financial Research, Department of the Treasury (Parts 1600--1699) XVII Office of Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight, Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 1700--1799) XVIII Community Development Financial Institutions Fund, Department of the Treasury (Parts 1800--1899) Title 13--Business Credit and Assistance I Small Business Administration (Parts 1--199) III Economic Development Administration, Department of Commerce (Parts 300--399) IV Emergency Steel Guarantee Loan Board (Parts 400--499) V Emergency Oil and Gas Guaranteed Loan Board (Parts 500--599) Title 14--Aeronautics and Space I Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation (Parts 1--199) II Office of the Secretary, Department of Transportation (Aviation Proceedings) (Parts 200--399) III Commercial Space Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation (Parts 400--1199) V National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Parts 1200--1299) VI Air Transportation System Stabilization (Parts 1300-- 1399) Title 15--Commerce and Foreign Trade Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary of Commerce (Parts 0--29) Subtitle B--Regulations Relating to Commerce and Foreign Trade I Bureau of the Census, Department of Commerce (Parts 30--199) II National Institute of Standards and Technology, Department of Commerce (Parts 200--299) III International Trade Administration, Department of Commerce (Parts 300--399) IV Foreign-Trade Zones Board, Department of Commerce (Parts 400--499) VII Bureau of Industry and Security, Department of Commerce (Parts 700--799) [[Page 994]] VIII Bureau of Economic Analysis, Department of Commerce (Parts 800--899) IX National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce (Parts 900--999) XI National Technical Information Service, Department of Commerce (Parts 1100--1199) XIII East-West Foreign Trade Board (Parts 1300--1399) XIV Minority Business Development Agency (Parts 1400-- 1499) XV Office of the Under-Secretary for Economic Affairs, Department of Commerce (Parts 1500--1599) Subtitle C--Regulations Relating to Foreign Trade Agreements XX Office of the United States Trade Representative (Parts 2000--2099) Subtitle D--Regulations Relating to Telecommunications and Information XXIII National Telecommunications and Information Administration, Department of Commerce (Parts 2300--2399) [Reserved] Title 16--Commercial Practices I Federal Trade Commission (Parts 0--999) II Consumer Product Safety Commission (Parts 1000--1799) Title 17--Commodity and Securities Exchanges I Commodity Futures Trading Commission (Parts 1--199) II Securities and Exchange Commission (Parts 200--399) IV Department of the Treasury (Parts 400--499) Title 18--Conservation of Power and Water Resources I Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Department of Energy (Parts 1--399) III Delaware River Basin Commission (Parts 400--499) VI Water Resources Council (Parts 700--799) VIII Susquehanna River Basin Commission (Parts 800--899) XIII Tennessee Valley Authority (Parts 1300--1399) Title 19--Customs Duties I U.S. Customs and Border Protection, Department of Homeland Security; Department of the Treasury (Parts 0--199) II United States International Trade Commission (Parts 200--299) III International Trade Administration, Department of Commerce (Parts 300--399) IV U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, Department of Homeland Security (Parts 400--599) [Reserved] [[Page 995]] Title 20--Employees' Benefits I Office of Workers' Compensation Programs, Department of Labor (Parts 1--199) II Railroad Retirement Board (Parts 200--399) III Social Security Administration (Parts 400--499) IV Employees' Compensation Appeals Board, Department of Labor (Parts 500--599) V Employment and Training Administration, Department of Labor (Parts 600--699) VI Office of Workers' Compensation Programs, Department of Labor (Parts 700--799) VII Benefits Review Board, Department of Labor (Parts 800--899) VIII Joint Board for the Enrollment of Actuaries (Parts 900--999) IX Office of the Assistant Secretary for Veterans' Employment and Training Service, Department of Labor (Parts 1000--1099) Title 21--Food and Drugs I Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services (Parts 1--1299) II Drug Enforcement Administration, Department of Justice (Parts 1300--1399) III Office of National Drug Control Policy (Parts 1400-- 1499) Title 22--Foreign Relations I Department of State (Parts 1--199) II Agency for International Development (Parts 200--299) III Peace Corps (Parts 300--399) IV International Joint Commission, United States and Canada (Parts 400--499) V United States Agency for Global Media (Parts 500--599) VII U.S. International Development Finance Corporation (Parts 700--799) IX Foreign Service Grievance Board (Parts 900--999) X Inter-American Foundation (Parts 1000--1099) XI International Boundary and Water Commission, United States and Mexico, United States Section (Parts 1100--1199) XII United States International Development Cooperation Agency (Parts 1200--1299) XIII Millennium Challenge Corporation (Parts 1300--1399) XIV Foreign Service Labor Relations Board; Federal Labor Relations Authority; General Counsel of the Federal Labor Relations Authority; and the Foreign Service Impasse Disputes Panel (Parts 1400--1499) XV African Development Foundation (Parts 1500--1599) XVI Japan-United States Friendship Commission (Parts 1600--1699) XVII United States Institute of Peace (Parts 1700--1799) [[Page 996]] Title 23--Highways I Federal Highway Administration, Department of Transportation (Parts 1--999) II National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and Federal Highway Administration, Department of Transportation (Parts 1200--1299) III National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Department of Transportation (Parts 1300--1399) Title 24--Housing and Urban Development Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 0--99) Subtitle B--Regulations Relating to Housing and Urban Development I Office of Assistant Secretary for Equal Opportunity, Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 100--199) II Office of Assistant Secretary for Housing-Federal Housing Commissioner, Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 200--299) III Government National Mortgage Association, Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 300--399) IV Office of Housing and Office of Multifamily Housing Assistance Restructuring, Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 400--499) V Office of Assistant Secretary for Community Planning and Development, Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 500--599) VI Office of Assistant Secretary for Community Planning and Development, Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 600--699) [Reserved] VII Office of the Secretary, Department of Housing and Urban Development (Housing Assistance Programs and Public and Indian Housing Programs) (Parts 700-- 799) VIII Office of the Assistant Secretary for Housing--Federal Housing Commissioner, Department of Housing and Urban Development (Section 8 Housing Assistance Programs, Section 202 Direct Loan Program, Section 202 Supportive Housing for the Elderly Program and Section 811 Supportive Housing for Persons With Disabilities Program) (Parts 800--899) IX Office of Assistant Secretary for Public and Indian Housing, Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 900--1699) X Office of Assistant Secretary for Housing--Federal Housing Commissioner, Department of Housing and Urban Development (Interstate Land Sales Registration Program) (Parts 1700--1799) [Reserved] XII Office of Inspector General, Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 2000--2099) XV Emergency Mortgage Insurance and Loan Programs, Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 2700--2799) [Reserved] [[Page 997]] XX Office of Assistant Secretary for Housing--Federal Housing Commissioner, Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 3200--3899) XXIV Board of Directors of the HOPE for Homeowners Program (Parts 4000--4099) [Reserved] XXV Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation (Parts 4100-- 4199) Title 25--Indians I Bureau of Indian Affairs, Department of the Interior (Parts 1--299) II Indian Arts and Crafts Board, Department of the Interior (Parts 300--399) III National Indian Gaming Commission, Department of the Interior (Parts 500--599) IV Office of Navajo and Hopi Indian Relocation (Parts 700--899) V Bureau of Indian Affairs, Department of the Interior, and Indian Health Service, Department of Health and Human Services (Part 900--999) VI Office of the Assistant Secretary, Indian Affairs, Department of the Interior (Parts 1000--1199) VII Office of the Special Trustee for American Indians, Department of the Interior (Parts 1200--1299) Title 26--Internal Revenue I Internal Revenue Service, Department of the Treasury (Parts 1--End) Title 27--Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms I Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau, Department of the Treasury (Parts 1--399) II Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives, Department of Justice (Parts 400--799) Title 28--Judicial Administration I Department of Justice (Parts 0--299) III Federal Prison Industries, Inc., Department of Justice (Parts 300--399) V Bureau of Prisons, Department of Justice (Parts 500-- 599) VI Offices of Independent Counsel, Department of Justice (Parts 600--699) VII Office of Independent Counsel (Parts 700--799) VIII Court Services and Offender Supervision Agency for the District of Columbia (Parts 800--899) IX National Crime Prevention and Privacy Compact Council (Parts 900--999) [[Page 998]] XI Department of Justice and Department of State (Parts 1100--1199) Title 29--Labor Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary of Labor (Parts 0--99) Subtitle B--Regulations Relating to Labor I National Labor Relations Board (Parts 100--199) II Office of Labor-Management Standards, Department of Labor (Parts 200--299) III National Railroad Adjustment Board (Parts 300--399) IV Office of Labor-Management Standards, Department of Labor (Parts 400--499) V Wage and Hour Division, Department of Labor (Parts 500--899) IX Construction Industry Collective Bargaining Commission (Parts 900--999) X National Mediation Board (Parts 1200--1299) XII Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service (Parts 1400--1499) XIV Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (Parts 1600-- 1699) XVII Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Department of Labor (Parts 1900--1999) XX Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission (Parts 2200--2499) XXV Employee Benefits Security Administration, Department of Labor (Parts 2500--2599) XXVII Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission (Parts 2700--2799) XL Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (Parts 4000-- 4999) Title 30--Mineral Resources I Mine Safety and Health Administration, Department of Labor (Parts 1--199) II Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement, Department of the Interior (Parts 200--299) IV Geological Survey, Department of the Interior (Parts 400--499) V Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Department of the Interior (Parts 500--599) VII Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Department of the Interior (Parts 700--999) XII Office of Natural Resources Revenue, Department of the Interior (Parts 1200--1299) Title 31--Money and Finance: Treasury Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary of the Treasury (Parts 0--50) Subtitle B--Regulations Relating to Money and Finance [[Page 999]] I Monetary Offices, Department of the Treasury (Parts 51--199) II Fiscal Service, Department of the Treasury (Parts 200--399) IV Secret Service, Department of the Treasury (Parts 400--499) V Office of Foreign Assets Control, Department of the Treasury (Parts 500--599) VI Bureau of Engraving and Printing, Department of the Treasury (Parts 600--699) VII Federal Law Enforcement Training Center, Department of the Treasury (Parts 700--799) VIII Office of Investment Security, Department of the Treasury (Parts 800--899) IX Federal Claims Collection Standards (Department of the Treasury--Department of Justice) (Parts 900--999) X Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, Department of the Treasury (Parts 1000--1099) Title 32--National Defense Subtitle A--Department of Defense I Office of the Secretary of Defense (Parts 1--399) V Department of the Army (Parts 400--699) VI Department of the Navy (Parts 700--799) VII Department of the Air Force (Parts 800--1099) Subtitle B--Other Regulations Relating to National Defense XII Department of Defense, Defense Logistics Agency (Parts 1200--1299) XVI Selective Service System (Parts 1600--1699) XVII Office of the Director of National Intelligence (Parts 1700--1799) XVIII National Counterintelligence Center (Parts 1800--1899) XIX Central Intelligence Agency (Parts 1900--1999) XX Information Security Oversight Office, National Archives and Records Administration (Parts 2000-- 2099) XXI National Security Council (Parts 2100--2199) XXIV Office of Science and Technology Policy (Parts 2400-- 2499) XXVII Office for Micronesian Status Negotiations (Parts 2700--2799) XXVIII Office of the Vice President of the United States (Parts 2800--2899) Title 33--Navigation and Navigable Waters I Coast Guard, Department of Homeland Security (Parts 1--199) II Corps of Engineers, Department of the Army, Department of Defense (Parts 200--399) IV Great Lakes St. Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation, Department of Transportation (Parts 400--499) [[Page 1000]] Title 34--Education Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary, Department of Education (Parts 1--99) Subtitle B--Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education I Office for Civil Rights, Department of Education (Parts 100--199) II Office of Elementary and Secondary Education, Department of Education (Parts 200--299) III Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, Department of Education (Parts 300--399) IV Office of Career, Technical, and Adult Education, Department of Education (Parts 400--499) V Office of Bilingual Education and Minority Languages Affairs, Department of Education (Parts 500--599) [Reserved] VI Office of Postsecondary Education, Department of Education (Parts 600--699) VII Office of Educational Research and Improvement, Department of Education (Parts 700--799) [Reserved] Subtitle C--Regulations Relating to Education XI [Reserved] XII National Council on Disability (Parts 1200--1299) Title 35 [Reserved] Title 36--Parks, Forests, and Public Property I National Park Service, Department of the Interior (Parts 1--199) II Forest Service, Department of Agriculture (Parts 200-- 299) III Corps of Engineers, Department of the Army (Parts 300--399) IV American Battle Monuments Commission (Parts 400--499) V Smithsonian Institution (Parts 500--599) VI [Reserved] VII Library of Congress (Parts 700--799) VIII Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (Parts 800-- 899) IX Pennsylvania Avenue Development Corporation (Parts 900--999) X Presidio Trust (Parts 1000--1099) XI Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board (Parts 1100--1199) XII National Archives and Records Administration (Parts 1200--1299) XV Oklahoma City National Memorial Trust (Parts 1500-- 1599) XVI Morris K. Udall Scholarship and Excellence in National Environmental Policy Foundation (Parts 1600--1699) Title 37--Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights I United States Patent and Trademark Office, Department of Commerce (Parts 1--199) II U.S. Copyright Office, Library of Congress (Parts 200--299) [[Page 1001]] III Copyright Royalty Board, Library of Congress (Parts 300--399) IV National Institute of Standards and Technology, Department of Commerce (Parts 400--599) Title 38--Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief I Department of Veterans Affairs (Parts 0--199) II Armed Forces Retirement Home (Parts 200--299) Title 39--Postal Service I United States Postal Service (Parts 1--999) III Postal Regulatory Commission (Parts 3000--3099) Title 40--Protection of Environment I Environmental Protection Agency (Parts 1--1099) IV Environmental Protection Agency and Department of Justice (Parts 1400--1499) V Council on Environmental Quality (Parts 1500--1599) VI Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board (Parts 1600--1699) VII Environmental Protection Agency and Department of Defense; Uniform National Discharge Standards for Vessels of the Armed Forces (Parts 1700--1799) VIII Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration Council (Parts 1800-- 1899) IX Federal Permitting Improvement Steering Council (Part 1900) Title 41--Public Contracts and Property Management Subtitle A--Federal Procurement Regulations System [Note] Subtitle B--Other Provisions Relating to Public Contracts 50 Public Contracts, Department of Labor (Parts 50-1--50- 999) 51 Committee for Purchase From People Who Are Blind or Severely Disabled (Parts 51-1--51-99) 60 Office of Federal Contract Compliance Programs, Equal Employment Opportunity, Department of Labor (Parts 60-1--60-999) 61 Office of the Assistant Secretary for Veterans' Employment and Training Service, Department of Labor (Parts 61-1--61-999) 62--100 [Reserved] Subtitle C--Federal Property Management Regulations System 101 Federal Property Management Regulations (Parts 101-1-- 101-99) 102 Federal Management Regulation (Parts 102-1--102-299) 103--104 [Reserved] 105 General Services Administration (Parts 105-1--105-999) [[Page 1002]] 109 Department of Energy Property Management Regulations (Parts 109-1--109-99) 114 Department of the Interior (Parts 114-1--114-99) 115 Environmental Protection Agency (Parts 115-1--115-99) 128 Department of Justice (Parts 128-1--128-99) 129--200 [Reserved] Subtitle D--Federal Acquisition Supply Chain Security 201 Federal Acquisition Security Council (Parts 201-1-- 201-99) Subtitle E [Reserved] Subtitle F--Federal Travel Regulation System 300 General (Parts 300-1--300-99) 301 Temporary Duty (TDY) Travel Allowances (Parts 301-1-- 301-99) 302 Relocation Allowances (Parts 302-1--302-99) 303 Payment of Expenses Connected with the Death of Certain Employees (Part 303-1--303-99) 304 Payment of Travel Expenses from a Non-Federal Source (Parts 304-1--304-99) Title 42--Public Health I Public Health Service, Department of Health and Human Services (Parts 1--199) II--III [Reserved] IV Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Department of Health and Human Services (Parts 400--699) V Office of Inspector General-Health Care, Department of Health and Human Services (Parts 1000--1099) Title 43--Public Lands: Interior Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary of the Interior (Parts 1--199) Subtitle B--Regulations Relating to Public Lands I Bureau of Reclamation, Department of the Interior (Parts 400--999) II Bureau of Land Management, Department of the Interior (Parts 1000--9999) III Utah Reclamation Mitigation and Conservation Commission (Parts 10000--10099) Title 44--Emergency Management and Assistance I Federal Emergency Management Agency, Department of Homeland Security (Parts 0--399) IV Department of Commerce and Department of Transportation (Parts 400--499) [[Page 1003]] Title 45--Public Welfare Subtitle A--Department of Health and Human Services (Parts 1--199) Subtitle B--Regulations Relating to Public Welfare II Office of Family Assistance (Assistance Programs), Administration for Children and Families, Department of Health and Human Services (Parts 200--299) III Office of Child Support Enforcement (Child Support Enforcement Program), Administration for Children and Families, Department of Health and Human Services (Parts 300--399) IV Office of Refugee Resettlement, Administration for Children and Families, Department of Health and Human Services (Parts 400--499) V Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the United States, Department of Justice (Parts 500--599) VI National Science Foundation (Parts 600--699) VII Commission on Civil Rights (Parts 700--799) VIII Office of Personnel Management (Parts 800--899) IX Denali Commission (Parts 900--999) X Office of Community Services, Administration for Children and Families, Department of Health and Human Services (Parts 1000--1099) XI National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities (Parts 1100--1199) XII Corporation for National and Community Service (Parts 1200--1299) XIII Administration for Children and Families, Department of Health and Human Services (Parts 1300--1399) XVI Legal Services Corporation (Parts 1600--1699) XVII National Commission on Libraries and Information Science (Parts 1700--1799) XVIII Harry S. Truman Scholarship Foundation (Parts 1800-- 1899) XXI Commission of Fine Arts (Parts 2100--2199) XXIII Arctic Research Commission (Parts 2300--2399) XXIV James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation (Parts 2400--2499) XXV Corporation for National and Community Service (Parts 2500--2599) Title 46--Shipping I Coast Guard, Department of Homeland Security (Parts 1--199) II Maritime Administration, Department of Transportation (Parts 200--399) III Coast Guard (Great Lakes Pilotage), Department of Homeland Security (Parts 400--499) IV Federal Maritime Commission (Parts 500--599) [[Page 1004]] Title 47--Telecommunication I Federal Communications Commission (Parts 0--199) II Office of Science and Technology Policy and National Security Council (Parts 200--299) III National Telecommunications and Information Administration, Department of Commerce (Parts 300--399) IV National Telecommunications and Information Administration, Department of Commerce, and National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Department of Transportation (Parts 400--499) V The First Responder Network Authority (Parts 500--599) Title 48--Federal Acquisition Regulations System 1 Federal Acquisition Regulation (Parts 1--99) 2 Defense Acquisition Regulations System, Department of Defense (Parts 200--299) 3 Department of Health and Human Services (Parts 300-- 399) 4 Department of Agriculture (Parts 400--499) 5 General Services Administration (Parts 500--599) 6 Department of State (Parts 600--699) 7 Agency for International Development (Parts 700--799) 8 Department of Veterans Affairs (Parts 800--899) 9 Department of Energy (Parts 900--999) 10 Department of the Treasury (Parts 1000--1099) 12 Department of Transportation (Parts 1200--1299) 13 Department of Commerce (Parts 1300--1399) 14 Department of the Interior (Parts 1400--1499) 15 Environmental Protection Agency (Parts 1500--1599) 16 Office of Personnel Management Federal Employees Health Benefits Acquisition Regulation (Parts 1600--1699) 17 Office of Personnel Management (Parts 1700--1799) 18 National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Parts 1800--1899) 19 Broadcasting Board of Governors (Parts 1900--1999) 20 Nuclear Regulatory Commission (Parts 2000--2099) 21 Office of Personnel Management, Federal Employees Group Life Insurance Federal Acquisition Regulation (Parts 2100--2199) 23 Social Security Administration (Parts 2300--2399) 24 Department of Housing and Urban Development (Parts 2400--2499) 25 National Science Foundation (Parts 2500--2599) 28 Department of Justice (Parts 2800--2899) 29 Department of Labor (Parts 2900--2999) 30 Department of Homeland Security, Homeland Security Acquisition Regulation (HSAR) (Parts 3000--3099) 34 Department of Education Acquisition Regulation (Parts 3400--3499) [[Page 1005]] 51 Department of the Army Acquisition Regulations (Parts 5100--5199) [Reserved] 52 Department of the Navy Acquisition Regulations (Parts 5200--5299) 53 Department of the Air Force Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement (Parts 5300--5399) [Reserved] 54 Defense Logistics Agency, Department of Defense (Parts 5400--5499) 57 African Development Foundation (Parts 5700--5799) 61 Civilian Board of Contract Appeals, General Services Administration (Parts 6100--6199) 99 Cost Accounting Standards Board, Office of Federal Procurement Policy, Office of Management and Budget (Parts 9900--9999) Title 49--Transportation Subtitle A--Office of the Secretary of Transportation (Parts 1--99) Subtitle B--Other Regulations Relating to Transportation I Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, Department of Transportation (Parts 100--199) II Federal Railroad Administration, Department of Transportation (Parts 200--299) III Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, Department of Transportation (Parts 300--399) IV Coast Guard, Department of Homeland Security (Parts 400--499) V National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Department of Transportation (Parts 500--599) VI Federal Transit Administration, Department of Transportation (Parts 600--699) VII National Railroad Passenger Corporation (AMTRAK) (Parts 700--799) VIII National Transportation Safety Board (Parts 800--999) X Surface Transportation Board (Parts 1000--1399) XI Research and Innovative Technology Administration, Department of Transportation (Parts 1400--1499) [Reserved] XII Transportation Security Administration, Department of Homeland Security (Parts 1500--1699) Title 50--Wildlife and Fisheries I United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior (Parts 1--199) II National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce (Parts 200--299) III International Fishing and Related Activities (Parts 300--399) [[Page 1006]] IV Joint Regulations (United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Department of the Interior and National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce); Endangered Species Committee Regulations (Parts 400--499) V Marine Mammal Commission (Parts 500--599) VI Fishery Conservation and Management, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce (Parts 600--699) [[Page 1007]] Alphabetical List of Agencies Appearing in the CFR (Revised as of January 1, 2023) CFR Title, Subtitle or Agency Chapter Administrative Conference of the United States 1, III Advisory Council on Historic Preservation 36, VIII Advocacy and Outreach, Office of 7, XXV Afghanistan Reconstruction, Special Inspector 5, LXXXIII General for African Development Foundation 22, XV Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 57 Agency for International Development 2, VII; 22, II Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 7 Agricultural Marketing Service 7, I, VIII, IX, X, XI; 9, II Agricultural Research Service 7, V Agriculture, Department of 2, IV; 5, LXXIII Advocacy and Outreach, Office of 7, XXV Agricultural Marketing Service 7, I, VIII, IX, X, XI; 9, II Agricultural Research Service 7, V Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service 7, III; 9, I Chief Financial Officer, Office of 7, XXX Commodity Credit Corporation 7, XIV Economic Research Service 7, XXXVII Energy Policy and New Uses, Office of 2, IX; 7, XXIX Environmental Quality, Office of 7, XXXI Farm Service Agency 7, VII, XVIII Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 4 Federal Crop Insurance Corporation 7, IV Food and Nutrition Service 7, II Food Safety and Inspection Service 9, III Foreign Agricultural Service 7, XV Forest Service 36, II Information Resources Management, Office of 7, XXVII Inspector General, Office of 7, XXVI National Agricultural Library 7, XLI National Agricultural Statistics Service 7, XXXVI National Institute of Food and Agriculture 7, XXXIV Natural Resources Conservation Service 7, VI Operations, Office of 7, XXVIII Procurement and Property Management, Office of 7, XXXII Rural Business-Cooperative Service 7, XVIII, XLII Rural Development Administration 7, XLII Rural Housing Service 7, XVIII, XXXV Rural Utilities Service 7, XVII, XVIII, XLII Secretary of Agriculture, Office of 7, Subtitle A Transportation, Office of 7, XXXIII World Agricultural Outlook Board 7, XXXVIII Air Force, Department of 32, VII Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement 48, 53 Air Transportation Stabilization Board 14, VI Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau 27, I Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives, 27, II Bureau of AMTRAK 49, VII American Battle Monuments Commission 36, IV American Indians, Office of the Special Trustee 25, VII Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service 7, III; 9, I Appalachian Regional Commission 5, IX Architectural and Transportation Barriers 36, XI Compliance Board [[Page 1008]] Arctic Research Commission 45, XXIII Armed Forces Retirement Home 5, XI; 38, II Army, Department of 32, V Engineers, Corps of 33, II; 36, III Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 51 Benefits Review Board 20, VII Bilingual Education and Minority Languages 34, V Affairs, Office of Blind or Severely Disabled, Committee for 41, 51 Purchase from People Who Are Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 19 Career, Technical, and Adult Education, Office 34, IV of Census Bureau 15, I Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services 42, IV Central Intelligence Agency 32, XIX Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board 40, VI Chief Financial Officer, Office of 7, XXX Child Support Enforcement, Office of 45, III Children and Families, Administration for 45, II, III, IV, X, XIII Civil Rights, Commission on 5, LXVIII; 45, VII Civil Rights, Office for 34, I Coast Guard 33, I; 46, I; 49, IV Coast Guard (Great Lakes Pilotage) 46, III Commerce, Department of 2, XIII; 44, IV; 50, VI Census Bureau 15, I Economic Affairs, Office of the Under- 15, XV Secretary for Economic Analysis, Bureau of 15, VIII Economic Development Administration 13, III Emergency Management and Assistance 44, IV Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 13 Foreign-Trade Zones Board 15, IV Industry and Security, Bureau of 15, VII International Trade Administration 15, III; 19, III National Institute of Standards and Technology 15, II; 37, IV National Marine Fisheries Service 50, II, IV National Oceanic and Atmospheric 15, IX; 50, II, III, IV, Administration VI National Technical Information Service 15, XI National Telecommunications and Information 15, XXIII; 47, III, IV Administration National Weather Service 15, IX Patent and Trademark Office, United States 37, I Secretary of Commerce, Office of 15, Subtitle A Commercial Space Transportation 14, III Commodity Credit Corporation 7, XIV Commodity Futures Trading Commission 5, XLI; 17, I Community Planning and Development, Office of 24, V, VI Assistant Secretary for Community Services, Office of 45, X Comptroller of the Currency 12, I Construction Industry Collective Bargaining 29, IX Commission Consumer Financial Protection Bureau 5, LXXXIV; 12, X Consumer Product Safety Commission 5, LXXI; 16, II Copyright Royalty Board 37, III Corporation for National and Community Service 2, XXII; 45, XII, XXV Cost Accounting Standards Board 48, 99 Council on Environmental Quality 40, V Council of the Inspectors General on Integrity 5, XCVIII and Efficiency Court Services and Offender Supervision Agency 5, LXX; 28, VIII for the District of Columbia Customs and Border Protection 19, I Defense, Department of 2, XI; 5, XXVI; 32, Subtitle A; 40, VII Advanced Research Projects Agency 32, I Air Force Department 32, VII Army Department 32, V; 33, II; 36, III; 48, 51 Defense Acquisition Regulations System 48, 2 Defense Intelligence Agency 32, I [[Page 1009]] Defense Logistics Agency 32, I, XII; 48, 54 Engineers, Corps of 33, II; 36, III National Imagery and Mapping Agency 32, I Navy, Department of 32, VI; 48, 52 Secretary of Defense, Office of 2, XI; 32, I Defense Contract Audit Agency 32, I Defense Intelligence Agency 32, I Defense Logistics Agency 32, XII; 48, 54 Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board 10, XVII Delaware River Basin Commission 18, III Denali Commission 45, IX Disability, National Council on 5, C; 34, XII District of Columbia, Court Services and 5, LXX; 28, VIII Offender Supervision Agency for the Drug Enforcement Administration 21, II East-West Foreign Trade Board 15, XIII Economic Affairs, Office of the Under-Secretary 15, XV for Economic Analysis, Bureau of 15, VIII Economic Development Administration 13, III Economic Research Service 7, XXXVII Education, Department of 2, XXXIV; 5, LIII Bilingual Education and Minority Languages 34, V Affairs, Office of Career, Technical, and Adult Education, Office 34, IV of Civil Rights, Office for 34, I Educational Research and Improvement, Office 34, VII of Elementary and Secondary Education, Office of 34, II Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 34 Postsecondary Education, Office of 34, VI Secretary of Education, Office of 34, Subtitle A Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, 34, III Office of Educational Research and Improvement, Office of 34, VII Election Assistance Commission 2, LVIII; 11, II Elementary and Secondary Education, Office of 34, II Emergency Oil and Gas Guaranteed Loan Board 13, V Emergency Steel Guarantee Loan Board 13, IV Employee Benefits Security Administration 29, XXV Employees' Compensation Appeals Board 20, IV Employees Loyalty Board 5, V Employment and Training Administration 20, V Employment Policy, National Commission for 1, IV Employment Standards Administration 20, VI Endangered Species Committee 50, IV Energy, Department of 2, IX; 5, XXIII; 10, II, III, X Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 9 Federal Energy Regulatory Commission 5, XXIV; 18, I Property Management Regulations 41, 109 Energy, Office of 7, XXIX Engineers, Corps of 33, II; 36, III Engraving and Printing, Bureau of 31, VI Environmental Protection Agency 2, XV; 5, LIV; 40, I, IV, VII Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 15 Property Management Regulations 41, 115 Environmental Quality, Office of 7, XXXI Equal Employment Opportunity Commission 5, LXII; 29, XIV Equal Opportunity, Office of Assistant Secretary 24, I for Executive Office of the President 3, I Environmental Quality, Council on 40, V Management and Budget, Office of 2, Subtitle A; 5, III, LXXVII; 14, VI; 48, 99 National Drug Control Policy, Office of 2, XXXVI; 21, III National Security Council 32, XXI; 47, II Science and Technology Policy, Office of 32, XXIV; 47, II Trade Representative, Office of the United 15, XX States Export-Import Bank of the United States 2, XXXV; 5, LII; 12, IV [[Page 1010]] Family Assistance, Office of 45, II Farm Credit Administration 5, XXXI; 12, VI Farm Credit System Insurance Corporation 5, XXX; 12, XIV Farm Service Agency 7, VII, XVIII Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 1 Federal Acquisition Security Council 41, 201 Federal Aviation Administration 14, I Commercial Space Transportation 14, III Federal Claims Collection Standards 31, IX Federal Communications Commission 2, LX; 5, XXIX; 47, I Federal Contract Compliance Programs, Office of 41, 60 Federal Crop Insurance Corporation 7, IV Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation 5, XXII; 12, III Federal Election Commission 5, XXXVII; 11, I Federal Emergency Management Agency 44, I Federal Employees Group Life Insurance Federal 48, 21 Acquisition Regulation Federal Employees Health Benefits Acquisition 48, 16 Regulation Federal Energy Regulatory Commission 5, XXIV; 18, I Federal Financial Institutions Examination 12, XI Council Federal Financing Bank 12, VIII Federal Highway Administration 23, I, II Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation 1, IV Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight Office 12, XVII Federal Housing Finance Agency 5, LXXX; 12, XII Federal Labor Relations Authority 5, XIV, XLIX; 22, XIV Federal Law Enforcement Training Center 31, VII Federal Management Regulation 41, 102 Federal Maritime Commission 46, IV Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service 29, XII Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission 5, LXXIV; 29, XXVII Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 49, III Federal Permitting Improvement Steering Council 40, IX Federal Prison Industries, Inc. 28, III Federal Procurement Policy Office 48, 99 Federal Property Management Regulations 41, 101 Federal Railroad Administration 49, II Federal Register, Administrative Committee of 1, I Federal Register, Office of 1, II Federal Reserve System 12, II Board of Governors 5, LVIII Federal Retirement Thrift Investment Board 5, VI, LXXVI Federal Service Impasses Panel 5, XIV Federal Trade Commission 5, XLVII; 16, I Federal Transit Administration 49, VI Federal Travel Regulation System 41, Subtitle F Financial Crimes Enforcement Network 31, X Financial Research Office 12, XVI Financial Stability Oversight Council 12, XIII Fine Arts, Commission of 45, XXI Fiscal Service 31, II Fish and Wildlife Service, United States 50, I, IV Food and Drug Administration 21, I Food and Nutrition Service 7, II Food Safety and Inspection Service 9, III Foreign Agricultural Service 7, XV Foreign Assets Control, Office of 31, V Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the 45, V United States Foreign Service Grievance Board 22, IX Foreign Service Impasse Disputes Panel 22, XIV Foreign Service Labor Relations Board 22, XIV Foreign-Trade Zones Board 15, IV Forest Service 36, II General Services Administration 5, LVII; 41, 105 Contract Appeals, Board of 48, 61 Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 5 Federal Management Regulation 41, 102 [[Page 1011]] Federal Property Management Regulations 41, 101 Federal Travel Regulation System 41, Subtitle F General 41, 300 Payment From a Non-Federal Source for Travel 41, 304 Expenses Payment of Expenses Connected With the Death 41, 303 of Certain Employees Relocation Allowances 41, 302 Temporary Duty (TDY) Travel Allowances 41, 301 Geological Survey 30, IV Government Accountability Office 4, I Government Ethics, Office of 5, XVI Government National Mortgage Association 24, III Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards 7, VIII; 9, II Administration Great Lakes St. Lawrence Seaway Development 33, IV Corporation Gulf Coast Ecosystem Restoration Council 2, LIX; 40, VIII Harry S. Truman Scholarship Foundation 45, XVIII Health and Human Services, Department of 2, III; 5, XLV; 45, Subtitle A Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services 42, IV Child Support Enforcement, Office of 45, III Children and Families, Administration for 45, II, III, IV, X, XIII Community Services, Office of 45, X Family Assistance, Office of 45, II Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 3 Food and Drug Administration 21, I Indian Health Service 25, V Inspector General (Health Care), Office of 42, V Public Health Service 42, I Refugee Resettlement, Office of 45, IV Homeland Security, Department of 2, XXX; 5, XXXVI; 6, I; 8, I Coast Guard 33, I; 46, I; 49, IV Coast Guard (Great Lakes Pilotage) 46, III Customs and Border Protection 19, I Federal Emergency Management Agency 44, I Human Resources Management and Labor Relations 5, XCVII Systems Immigration and Customs Enforcement Bureau 19, IV Transportation Security Administration 49, XII HOPE for Homeowners Program, Board of Directors 24, XXIV of Housing and Urban Development, Department of 2, XXIV; 5, LXV; 24, Subtitle B Community Planning and Development, Office of 24, V, VI Assistant Secretary for Equal Opportunity, Office of Assistant 24, I Secretary for Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 24 Federal Housing Enterprise Oversight, Office 12, XVII of Government National Mortgage Association 24, III Housing--Federal Housing Commissioner, Office 24, II, VIII, X, XX of Assistant Secretary for Housing, Office of, and Multifamily Housing 24, IV Assistance Restructuring, Office of Inspector General, Office of 24, XII Public and Indian Housing, Office of Assistant 24, IX Secretary for Secretary, Office of 24, Subtitle A, VII Housing--Federal Housing Commissioner, Office of 24, II, VIII, X, XX Assistant Secretary for Housing, Office of, and Multifamily Housing 24, IV Assistance Restructuring, Office of Immigration and Customs Enforcement Bureau 19, IV Immigration Review, Executive Office for 8, V Independent Counsel, Office of 28, VII Independent Counsel, Offices of 28, VI Indian Affairs, Bureau of 25, I, V Indian Affairs, Office of the Assistant 25, VI Secretary Indian Arts and Crafts Board 25, II Indian Health Service 25, V [[Page 1012]] Industry and Security, Bureau of 15, VII Information Resources Management, Office of 7, XXVII Information Security Oversight Office, National 32, XX Archives and Records Administration Inspector General Agriculture Department 7, XXVI Health and Human Services Department 42, V Housing and Urban Development Department 24, XII, XV Institute of Peace, United States 22, XVII Inter-American Foundation 5, LXIII; 22, X Interior, Department of 2, XIV American Indians, Office of the Special 25, VII Trustee Endangered Species Committee 50, IV Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 14 Federal Property Management Regulations System 41, 114 Fish and Wildlife Service, United States 50, I, IV Geological Survey 30, IV Indian Affairs, Bureau of 25, I, V Indian Affairs, Office of the Assistant 25, VI Secretary Indian Arts and Crafts Board 25, II Land Management, Bureau of 43, II National Indian Gaming Commission 25, III National Park Service 36, I Natural Resource Revenue, Office of 30, XII Ocean Energy Management, Bureau of 30, V Reclamation, Bureau of 43, I Safety and Environmental Enforcement, Bureau 30, II of Secretary of the Interior, Office of 2, XIV; 43, Subtitle A Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, 30, VII Office of Internal Revenue Service 26, I International Boundary and Water Commission, 22, XI United States and Mexico, United States Section International Development, United States Agency 22, II for Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 7 International Development Cooperation Agency, 22, XII United States International Development Finance Corporation, 5, XXXIII; 22, VII U.S. International Joint Commission, United States 22, IV and Canada International Organizations Employees Loyalty 5, V Board International Trade Administration 15, III; 19, III International Trade Commission, United States 19, II Interstate Commerce Commission 5, XL Investment Security, Office of 31, VIII James Madison Memorial Fellowship Foundation 45, XXIV Japan-United States Friendship Commission 22, XVI Joint Board for the Enrollment of Actuaries 20, VIII Justice, Department of 2, XXVIII; 5, XXVIII; 28, I, XI; 40, IV Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives, 27, II Bureau of Drug Enforcement Administration 21, II Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 28 Federal Claims Collection Standards 31, IX Federal Prison Industries, Inc. 28, III Foreign Claims Settlement Commission of the 45, V United States Immigration Review, Executive Office for 8, V Independent Counsel, Offices of 28, VI Prisons, Bureau of 28, V Property Management Regulations 41, 128 Labor, Department of 2, XXIX; 5, XLII Benefits Review Board 20, VII Employee Benefits Security Administration 29, XXV Employees' Compensation Appeals Board 20, IV Employment and Training Administration 20, V Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 29 Federal Contract Compliance Programs, Office 41, 60 of Federal Procurement Regulations System 41, 50 [[Page 1013]] Labor-Management Standards, Office of 29, II, IV Mine Safety and Health Administration 30, I Occupational Safety and Health Administration 29, XVII Public Contracts 41, 50 Secretary of Labor, Office of 29, Subtitle A Veterans' Employment and Training Service, 41, 61; 20, IX Office of the Assistant Secretary for Wage and Hour Division 29, V Workers' Compensation Programs, Office of 20, I, VI Labor-Management Standards, Office of 29, II, IV Land Management, Bureau of 43, II Legal Services Corporation 45, XVI Libraries and Information Science, National 45, XVII Commission on Library of Congress 36, VII Copyright Royalty Board 37, III U.S. Copyright Office 37, II Management and Budget, Office of 5, III, LXXVII; 14, VI; 48, 99 Marine Mammal Commission 50, V Maritime Administration 46, II Merit Systems Protection Board 5, II, LXIV Micronesian Status Negotiations, Office for 32, XXVII Military Compensation and Retirement 5, XCIX Modernization Commission Millennium Challenge Corporation 22, XIII Mine Safety and Health Administration 30, I Minority Business Development Agency 15, XIV Miscellaneous Agencies 1, IV Monetary Offices 31, I Morris K. Udall Scholarship and Excellence in 36, XVI National Environmental Policy Foundation Museum and Library Services, Institute of 2, XXXI National Aeronautics and Space Administration 2, XVIII; 5, LIX; 14, V Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 18 National Agricultural Library 7, XLI National Agricultural Statistics Service 7, XXXVI National and Community Service, Corporation for 2, XXII; 45, XII, XXV National Archives and Records Administration 2, XXVI; 5, LXVI; 36, XII Information Security Oversight Office 32, XX National Capital Planning Commission 1, IV, VI National Counterintelligence Center 32, XVIII National Credit Union Administration 5, LXXXVI; 12, VII National Crime Prevention and Privacy Compact 28, IX Council National Drug Control Policy, Office of 2, XXXVI; 21, III National Endowment for the Arts 2, XXXII National Endowment for the Humanities 2, XXXIII National Foundation on the Arts and the 45, XI Humanities National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency 32, I National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 23, II, III; 47, VI; 49, V National Imagery and Mapping Agency 32, I National Indian Gaming Commission 25, III National Institute of Food and Agriculture 7, XXXIV National Institute of Standards and Technology 15, II; 37, IV National Intelligence, Office of Director of 5, IV; 32, XVII National Labor Relations Board 5, LXI; 29, I National Marine Fisheries Service 50, II, IV National Mediation Board 5, CI; 29, X National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 15, IX; 50, II, III, IV, VI National Park Service 36, I National Railroad Adjustment Board 29, III National Railroad Passenger Corporation (AMTRAK) 49, VII National Science Foundation 2, XXV; 5, XLIII; 45, VI Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 25 National Security Council 32, XXI; 47, II National Technical Information Service 15, XI National Telecommunications and Information 15, XXIII; 47, III, IV, V Administration [[Page 1014]] National Transportation Safety Board 49, VIII Natural Resource Revenue, Office of 30, XII Natural Resources Conservation Service 7, VI Navajo and Hopi Indian Relocation, Office of 25, IV Navy, Department of 32, VI Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 52 Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation 24, XXV Northeast Interstate Low-Level Radioactive Waste 10, XVIII Commission Nuclear Regulatory Commission 2, XX; 5, XLVIII; 10, I Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 20 Occupational Safety and Health Administration 29, XVII Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission 29, XX Ocean Energy Management, Bureau of 30, V Oklahoma City National Memorial Trust 36, XV Operations Office 7, XXVIII Patent and Trademark Office, United States 37, I Payment From a Non-Federal Source for Travel 41, 304 Expenses Payment of Expenses Connected With the Death of 41, 303 Certain Employees Peace Corps 2, XXXVII; 22, III Pennsylvania Avenue Development Corporation 36, IX Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation 29, XL Personnel Management, Office of 5, I, IV, XXXV; 45, VIII Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 17 Federal Employees Group Life Insurance Federal 48, 21 Acquisition Regulation Federal Employees Health Benefits Acquisition 48, 16 Regulation Human Resources Management and Labor Relations 5, XCVII Systems, Department of Homeland Security Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety 49, I Administration Postal Regulatory Commission 5, XLVI; 39, III Postal Service, United States 5, LX; 39, I Postsecondary Education, Office of 34, VI President's Commission on White House 1, IV Fellowships Presidio Trust 36, X Prisons, Bureau of 28, V Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board 6, X Procurement and Property Management, Office of 7, XXXII Public and Indian Housing, Office of Assistant 24, IX Secretary for Public Contracts, Department of Labor 41, 50 Public Health Service 42, I Railroad Retirement Board 20, II Reclamation, Bureau of 43, I Refugee Resettlement, Office of 45, IV Relocation Allowances 41, 302 Research and Innovative Technology 49, XI Administration Rural Business-Cooperative Service 7, XVIII, XLII, L Rural Development Administration 7, XLII Rural Housing Service 7, XVIII, XXXV, L Rural Utilities Service 7, XVII, XVIII, XLII, L Safety and Environmental Enforcement, Bureau of 30, II Science and Technology Policy, Office of 32, XXIV; 47, II Secret Service 31, IV Securities and Exchange Commission 5, XXXIV; 17, II Selective Service System 32, XVI Small Business Administration 2, XXVII; 13, I Smithsonian Institution 36, V Social Security Administration 2, XXIII; 20, III; 48, 23 Soldiers' and Airmen's Home, United States 5, XI Special Counsel, Office of 5, VIII Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, 34, III Office of State, Department of 2, VI; 22, I; 28, XI Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 6 Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, 30, VII Office of Surface Transportation Board 49, X Susquehanna River Basin Commission 18, VIII [[Page 1015]] Tennessee Valley Authority 5, LXIX; 18, XIII Trade Representative, United States, Office of 15, XX Transportation, Department of 2, XII; 5, L Commercial Space Transportation 14, III Emergency Management and Assistance 44, IV Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 12 Federal Aviation Administration 14, I Federal Highway Administration 23, I, II Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 49, III Federal Railroad Administration 49, II Federal Transit Administration 49, VI Great Lakes St. Lawrence Seaway Development 33, IV Corporation Maritime Administration 46, II National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 23, II, III; 47, IV; 49, V Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety 49, I Administration Secretary of Transportation, Office of 14, II; 49, Subtitle A Transportation Statistics Bureau 49, XI Transportation, Office of 7, XXXIII Transportation Security Administration 49, XII Transportation Statistics Bureau 49, XI Travel Allowances, Temporary Duty (TDY) 41, 301 Treasury, Department of the 2, X; 5, XXI; 12, XV; 17, IV; 31, IX Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau 27, I Community Development Financial Institutions 12, XVIII Fund Comptroller of the Currency 12, I Customs and Border Protection 19, I Engraving and Printing, Bureau of 31, VI Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 10 Federal Claims Collection Standards 31, IX Federal Law Enforcement Training Center 31, VII Financial Crimes Enforcement Network 31, X Fiscal Service 31, II Foreign Assets Control, Office of 31, V Internal Revenue Service 26, I Investment Security, Office of 31, VIII Monetary Offices 31, I Secret Service 31, IV Secretary of the Treasury, Office of 31, Subtitle A Truman, Harry S. Scholarship Foundation 45, XVIII United States Agency for Global Media 22, V United States and Canada, International Joint 22, IV Commission United States and Mexico, International Boundary 22, XI and Water Commission, United States Section U.S. Copyright Office 37, II U.S. Office of Special Counsel 5, CII Utah Reclamation Mitigation and Conservation 43, III Commission Veterans Affairs, Department of 2, VIII; 38, I Federal Acquisition Regulation 48, 8 Veterans' Employment and Training Service, 41, 61; 20, IX Office of the Assistant Secretary for Vice President of the United States, Office of 32, XXVIII Wage and Hour Division 29, V Water Resources Council 18, VI Workers' Compensation Programs, Office of 20, I, VII World Agricultural Outlook Board 7, XXXVIII [[Page 1017]] List of CFR Sections Affected All changes in this volume of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) that were made by documents published in the Federal Register since January 1, 2018 are enumerated in the following list. Entries indicate the nature of the changes effected. Page numbers refer to Federal Register pages. The user should consult the entries for chapters, parts and subparts as well as sections for revisions. For changes to this volume of the CFR prior to this listing, consult the annual edition of the monthly List of CFR Sections Affected (LSA). The LSA is available at www.govinfo.gov. For changes to this volume of the CFR prior to 2001, see the ``List of CFR Sections Affected, 1949-1963, 1964-1972, 1973-1985, and 1986-2000'' published in 11 separate volumes. The ``List of CFR Sections Affected 1986-2000'' is available at www.govinfo.gov. 2018 16 CFR 83 FR Page Chapter II Chapter II Policy statement........................................12254 Chapter II Technical correction....................................18219 1028 Regulation at 82 FR 43460 eff. date delayed to 7-19-18.........2885 1028.101 (l)(3) and (4) revised; interim............................2891 (l)(1) heading and (5) added; (l)(2), (3), and (4) revised.....28513 1112 Authority citation revised....................................28370 1112.15 (b)(31) introductory text, (i), and (c)(3)(i) revised.......4580 (b)(44) added; eff. 6-19-19....................................28370 (b)(45) added; eff. 6-26-19....................................29681 (b)(47) added; eff. 1-2-20.....................................30849 1210.2 (b)(2)(ii) revised..........................................62241 1211.4 (c) revised.................................................32568 1211.5 (a) introductory text revised; (b)(2) and (3) amended; (b)(4) added...............................................32568 1211.6 (b)(2), (3)(i) introductory text, and (d)(2) revised........32569 1211.7 (c)(1)(ii), (iii), and (7)(i) revised.......................32569 1211.8 (a)(1)(ii) and (b)(2) revised...............................32569 1211.10 (b)(3)(ii), (c)(3)(ii), (e)(1)(ii), (3), and (4)(ii) revised....................................................32569 1211.12 (a)(4) and (5) added; (b), (d)(2), and (3) revised.........32569 1211.13 (a)(4) revised.............................................32570 1211.14 (c)(4) revised; (f) added..................................32570 1211.1--1211.19 (Subpart A) Figure 6 removed; Figures 6A through 6I added...................................................32571 1211.40 (d)(1), (2), and (3) redesignated as (d)(2), (3), and (4); new (d)(1) added...........................................32579 1220 Authority citation revised....................................26210 1220.2 Revised.....................................................26210 1231 Added; eff. 6-19-19...........................................28370 1233.2 Revised; eff. 1-15-19.......................................48219 1234.2 Revised; eff. 1-15-19.......................................53375 1235 Added; eff. 6-26-19...........................................29681 1237 Added; eff. 1-2-20............................................30849 1252 Added.........................................................28991 1307.3 Amended.....................................................34764 1308.1 Revised......................................................3585 Amended........................................................34765 1420.1 Amended......................................................8340 1420.3 (a) revised..................................................8340 1500 Authority citation revised.....................................8341 1500.3 (c)(2)(i) revised; (c)(3) amended............................8341 1500.40 Introductory text amended...................................8342 [[Page 1018]] 2019 16 CFR 84 FR Page Chapter II 1112.15 (b)(48) added..............................................28211 1130.1 (c) amended.................................................49949 1130.2 (a) introductory text, (8), (11), (12), (14), and (17) revised; (a)(18) removed...................................49950 1215.2 Revised.....................................................49439 1217 Authority citation revised....................................57318 1217.2 Revised; eff. 1-27-20.......................................57318 1219.2 Revised.....................................................35296 1220 Authority citation revised....................................56689 1220.2 Revised; eff. 1-20-20.......................................56689 1221 Authority citation revised....................................56689 1221.1 Revised; eff. 1-20-20.......................................56689 1221.2 Revised; eff. 1-20-20.......................................56689 1227.2 Revised.....................................................37767 1229.2 Revised.....................................................46882 1238 Added.........................................................28211 1450.3 Revised; eff 11-24-19.......................................24027 1750 Policy statement..............................................37767 2020 16 CFR 85 FR Page Chapter II 1112.15 (b)(49) added; eff. 7-6-21.................................40112 1224 Authority citation revised....................................10568 1224.2 Revised.....................................................10568 1224.2 Correction: amended.........................................40876 1225 Authority citation revised....................................30608 1225.2 Revised.....................................................30608 1225.2 Correction: amended.........................................40876 1225.2 Regulation at 85 FR 30608 eff. date delayed to 1-1-21.......46000 1228 Authority citation revised....................................21770 1228.2 Revised.....................................................21770 1228.2 Correction: (a) amended.....................................40877 1232 Authority citation revised....................................18114 1232.2 Revised.....................................................18114 1232.2 Correction: amended.........................................40877 1239 Added; eff. 7-6-21............................................40112 1253 Added.........................................................33020 1450.3 Regulation at 84 FR 24027 eff. date delayed to 5-24-21......58263 2021 16 CFR 86 FR Page Chapter II 1015.1 (c) amended; (d) added.......................................7503 1015.2 Revised......................................................7503 1015.3 (a), (d), and (e) amended....................................7503 1015.4 Revised......................................................7503 1015.5 (a) through (d), (f), (g) introductory text, (3) through (5), and (h) revised........................................7503 1015.6 (a), (b) introductory text, and (c) amended; (b)(4) revised 7504 1015.7 Heading, (a) through (e), and (g) revised....................7504 1015.9 (a) and (e) through (g) revised; (h) and (i) added...........7505 1015.20 (a) amended.................................................7507 1107.21 (d)(1) amended; (g) revised................................22866 1107.26 (a)(3)(iii) amended........................................22866 1112.3 Amended.....................................................22866 1112.13 (a)(2)(i)(A) amended; (i) revised..........................22866 1112.15 (b)(43) revised............................................26658 1112.15 (b)(46) added; eff. 6-23-22................................33071 1112.43 (a)(3) amended.............................................22866 1130.2 (a)(13) revised.............................................26658 1130.2 (a)(12) revised; eff. 6-23-22...............................33071 1223 Authority citation revised.....................................4967 1223.2 Revised......................................................4967 1223.2 Revised; eff. 1-29-22.......................................59612 1227.2 Revised; eff. 2-15-22.......................................64349 1231 Authority citation revised....................................17302 1231.2 Revised.....................................................17302 1232 Revised.......................................................26658 1236 Added; eff. 6-23-22...........................................33071 1239 Authority citation revised....................................53538 1239.2 Revised; eff. 1-2-22........................................53538 1632.4 (a)(2) revised..............................................32764 1640 Added.........................................................18443 2022 16 CFR 87 FR Page Chapter II 1112.15 (b)(50) added...............................................8673 1112.15 (b)(52) added..............................................57789 1112.15 (b)(54) added; eff. 5-24-23................................72659 1112.15 (b)(53) added; eff. 5-30-23................................73189 1120.2 (f) and (g) added...........................................72886 1120.3 (e) and (f) added...........................................72886 1120.4 (d) added...................................................72887 [[Page 1019]] 1130.2 (a)(16) and (a)(17) revised; (a)(18) added...................8673 1216 Authority citation revised....................................73245 1216.2 Revised; eff. 2-25-23.......................................73245 1223.2 Revised.....................................................57394 1225.2 CFR correction: Amended.....................................32988 1228.2 Revised.....................................................50934 1229.2 Revised; incorporation by reference.........................54366 1230.2 Revised.....................................................53662 1231.2 Revised.....................................................42636 1234.2 Revised.....................................................37732 1235 Authority citation revised....................................24417 1235.2 Revised.....................................................24417 1239.2 Revised; eff. 1-21-23.......................................68036 1241 Added..........................................................8673 1241.2 Correction: (a) amended.....................................41060 1260 Added; eff. 5-30-23...........................................73189 1261 Added; eff. 5-24-23...........................................72659 1262 Added.........................................................57789 1307 Notification...........................................16635, 74311 1460 Authority citation revised....................................71247 1460.2 Revised.....................................................71247 1460.3 Revised.....................................................71247 [all]

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2024-10-08T13:26:17.486208

CCAL

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Senate Calendars for September 12, 2024 - 118th Congress, 2nd Session

United States Congress Senate

[Senate Calendars for September 12, 2024 - 118th Congress, 2nd Session] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] [[Page 1]] ======================================================================== SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES ONE HUNDRED EIGHTEENTH CONGRESS ________________________________________________________________________ FIRST SESSION convened january 3, 2023 DAYS OF SESSION 178 adjourned january 3, 2024 SECOND SESSION convened january 3, 2024 DAYS OF SESSION 126 ======================================================================== CALENDAR OF BUSINESS Thursday, September 12, 2024 SENATE CONVENES AT 10:00 A.M. (Unanimous Consent Agreements on P. 2) ________________________________________________________________________ PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF SONCERIA ANN BERRY, SECRETARY OF THE SENATE By John J. Merlino, Legislative Clerk ________________________________________________________________________ www.SenateCalendar.gov ======================================================================== [[Page 2]] UNANIMOUS CONSENT AGREEMENTS S. 4554 (ORDER NO. 420) 1.--Ordered, That with respect to the motion to invoke cloture on the motion to proceed to S. 4554, a bill to express support for protecting access to reproductive health care after the Dobbs v. Jackson decision on June 24, 2022, the mandatory quorum call under Rule XXII be waived. (July 10, 2024.) S. 4381 (ORDER NO. 400) 2.--Ordered, That with respect to the motion to invoke cloture on the motion to proceed to S. 4381, a bill to protect an individual's ability to access contraceptives and to engage in contraception and to protect a health care provider's ability to provide contraceptives, contraception, and information related to contraception, the mandatory quorum under Rule XXII be waived. (June 5, 2024.) H.R. 7791 3.--Ordered, That if the Senate receives a message from the House of Representatives that it has passed H.R. 7791, a bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to postpone tax deadlines and reimburse paid late fees for United States nationals who are unlawfully or wrongfully detained or held hostage abroad, and for other purposes, and if the text is identical to S. 4057, a bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to postpone tax deadlines and reimburse paid late fees for United States nationals who are unlawfully or wrongfully detailed or held hostage abroad, and for other purposes, H.R. 7791 be considered as having been read three times and passed, and the motion to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table. (April 30, 2023.) S.J. RES. 4 (ORDER NO. 3) 4.--Ordered, That with respect to the motion to invoke cloture on the motion to proceed to S.J. Res. 4, a joint resolution removing the deadline for the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment, the mandatory quorum call under Rule XXII be waived. (April 25, 2023.) S. 326 (ORDER NO. 32) 5.--Ordered, That with respect to the motion to invoke cloture on the motion to proceed to S. 326, a bill to direct the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to carry out a study and clinical trials on the effects of cannabis on certain health outcomes of veterans with chronic pain and post-traumatic stress disorder, and for other purposes, the mandatory quorum call under Rule XXII be waived. (April 20, 2023.) 2023 ====================================================================================== January, 01, 06, 10, 13, 17, 20, 23, 24, 25, 26, 30, 31. ====================================================================================== February, 01, 02, 03, 07, 09, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 21, 23, 27, 28. ====================================================================================== March, 01, 02, 06, 07, 08, 09, 10, 14, 15, 16, 17, 21, 22, 23, 24, 27, 28, 29, 30. ====================================================================================== April, 03, 06, 10, 13, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 25, 26, 27. ====================================================================================== May, 01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 09, 10, 11, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 23, 25, 26, 30, 31. ====================================================================================== June, 01, 02, 06, 07, 08, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 20, 21, 22, 26, 29. ====================================================================================== July, 03, 06, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 18, 19, 20, 21, 25, 26, 27, 28. ====================================================================================== August, 01, 04, 08, 11, 15, 18, 22, 25, 29. ====================================================================================== September, 01, 05, 06, 07, 11, 12, 13, 14, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. ====================================================================================== October, 03, 04, 06, 10, 13, 16, 17, 18, 19, 23, 24, 25, 26, 30, 31. ====================================================================================== November, 01, 02, 06, 07, 08, 09, 13, 14, 15, 17, 21, 24, 27, 28, 29, 30. ====================================================================================== December, 04, 05, 06, 07, 11, 12, 13, 14, 18, 19, 20, 22, 26, 29. ====================================================================================== [[Page 3]] 2024 ====================================================================================== January, 03, 05, 08, 09, 10, 11, 12, 16, 17, 18, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 30, 31. ====================================================================================== February, 01, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 10, 11, 12, 16, 03, 20, 23, 26, 27, 28, 29. ====================================================================================== March, 01, 05, 06, 07, 08, 11, 12, 14, 15, 19, 20, 21, 22, 26, 28. ====================================================================================== April, 01, 04, 08, 09, 10, 11, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 23, 26, 30. ====================================================================================== May, 01, 02, 03, 07, 08, 09, 10, 14, 15, 16, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 28, 31. ====================================================================================== June, 03, 04, 05, 07, 11, 12, 13, 17, 18, 20, 21, 25, 28. ====================================================================================== July, 02, 05, 08, 09, 10, 11, 15, 18, 22, 23, 24, 25, 29, 30, 31. ====================================================================================== August, 01, 02, 06, 09, 13, 16, 20, 23, 27, 30. ====================================================================================== September, 03, 06, 05, 09, 10, 11, 12. ====================================================================================== October. ====================================================================================== November. ====================================================================================== December. ====================================================================================== 2024 [[Page 4]] 1 2 --- 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 178

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Senate Calendars for September 12, 2024 - 118th Congress, 2nd Session

United States Congress Senate

[Senate Calendars for September 12, 2024 - 118th Congress, 2nd Session] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] [[Page 5]] Senate Membership, One Hundred Eighteenth Congress, Second Session ________________________________________________________________________ Class 1 Baldwin, Tammy...................................... WI 1 Barrasso, John...................................... WY 3 Bennet, Michael F................................... CO 1 Blackburn, Marsha................................... TN 3 Blumenthal, Richard................................. CT 2 Booker, Cory A...................................... NJ 3 Boozman, John....................................... AR 1 Braun, Mike......................................... IN 3 Britt, Katie Boyd................................... AL 1 Brown, Sherrod...................................... OH 3 Budd, Ted........................................... NC 1 Butler, Laphonza R\2\............................... CA 1 Cantwell, Maria..................................... WA 2 Capito, Shelley Moore............................... WV 1 Cardin, Benjamin L.................................. MD 1 Carper, Thomas R.................................... DE 1 Casey, Robert P., Jr................................ PA 2 Cassidy, Bill....................................... LA 2 Collins, Susan M.................................... ME 2 Coons, Christopher A................................ DE 2 Cornyn, John........................................ TX 3 Cortez Masto, Catherine............................. NV 2 Cotton, Tom......................................... AR 1 Cramer, Kevin....................................... ND 3 Crapo, Mike......................................... ID 1 Cruz, Ted........................................... TX 2 Daines, Steve....................................... MT 3 Duckworth, Tammy.................................... IL 2 Durbin, Richard J................................... IL 2 Ernst, Joni......................................... IA 3 Fetterman, John..................................... PA 1 Fischer, Deb........................................ NE 1 Gillibrand, Kirsten E............................... NY 2 Graham, Lindsey..................................... SC 3 Grassley, Chuck..................................... IA 2 Hagerty, Bill....................................... TN 3 Hassan, Margaret Wood............................... NH 1 Hawley, Josh........................................ MO 1 Heinrich, Martin.................................... NM 1 Helmy, George S\2\.................................. NJ 2 Hickenlooper, John W................................ CO 1 Hirono, Mazie K..................................... HI 3 Hoeven, John........................................ ND 2 Hyde-Smith, Cindy................................... MS 3 Johnson, Ron........................................ WI 1 Kaine, Tim.......................................... VA 3 Kelly, Mark......................................... AZ 3 Kennedy, John....................................... LA 1 King, Angus S., Jr. *............................... ME 1 Klobuchar, Amy...................................... MN 3 Lankford, James..................................... OK 3 Lee, Mike........................................... UT 2 Lujan, Ben Ray...................................... NM 2 Lummis, Cynthia M................................... WY 1 Manchin, Joe, III *................................. WV 2 Markey, Edward J.................................... MA 2 Marshall, Roger..................................... KS 2 McConnell, Mitch.................................... KY 2 Merkley, Jeff....................................... OR 3 Moran, Jerry........................................ KS 2 Mullin, Markwayne\1\................................ OK 3 Murkowski, Lisa..................................... AK 1 Murphy, Christopher................................. CT 3 Murray, Patty....................................... WA 2 Ossoff, Jon......................................... GA 3 Padilla, Alex....................................... CA 3 Paul, Rand.......................................... KY 2 Peters, Gary C...................................... MI 2 Reed, Jack.......................................... RI 2 Ricketts, Pete\2\................................... NE 2 Risch, James E...................................... ID 1 Romney, Mitt........................................ UT 1 Rosen, Jacky........................................ NV 2 Rounds, Mike........................................ SD 3 Rubio, Marco........................................ FL 1 Sanders, Bernard *.................................. VT 3 Schatz, Brian....................................... HI 3 Schmitt, Eric....................................... MO 3 Schumer, Charles E.................................. NY 1 Scott, Rick......................................... FL 3 Scott, Tim.......................................... SC 2 Shaheen, Jeanne..................................... NH 1 Sinema, Kyrsten *................................... AZ 2 Smith, Tina......................................... MN 1 Stabenow, Debbie.................................... MI 2 Sullivan, Dan....................................... AK 1 Tester, Jon......................................... MT 3 Thune, John......................................... SD 2 Tillis, Thom........................................ NC 2 Tuberville, Tommy................................... AL 3 Vance, J.D.......................................... OH 3 Van Hollen, Chris................................... MD 2 Warner, Mark R...................................... VA 3 Warnock, Raphael G.................................. GA 1 Warren, Elizabeth................................... MA 3 Welch, Peter........................................ VT 1 Whitehouse, Sheldon................................. RI 1 Wicker, Roger F..................................... MS 3 Wyden, Ron.......................................... OR 3 Young, Todd......................................... IN ________________________________________________________________________ Class 1=Senators whose terms expire in 2025 (Dem. 19 Ind. 4 Rep. 33 10). Class 2=Senators whose terms expire in 2027 (Dem. 13 Rep. 20).... 33 Class 3=Senators whose terms expire in 2029 (Dem. 15 Rep. 19).... 34 ____________________________________ Totals (Dem. 47 Ind. 4 Rep. 49)....... 100 [Democrats in roman] [Independent *] [Republicans in italic] \1\Elected to fill an unexpired term until Jan. 3, 2027. \2\Appointed to fill an unexpired term until vacancy is filled as provided by law.

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Senate Calendars for September 12, 2024 - 118th Congress, 2nd Session

United States Congress Senate

[Senate Calendars for September 12, 2024 - 118th Congress, 2nd Session] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] COMMITTEE ASSIGNMENTS STANDING COMMITTEES __________ [[Page (6)]] AGRICULTURE, NUTRITION, AND FORESTRY Room SR-328A, Russell Office Building. Meetings at the call of the Chairman. Debbie Stabenow, of Michigan, Chairman Sherrod Brown, of Ohio Amy Klobuchar, of Minnesota Michael F. Bennet, of Colorado Kirsten E. Gillibrand, of New York Tina Smith, of Minnesota Richard J. Durbin, of Illinois Cory A. Booker, of New Jersey Ben Ray Lujan, of New Mexico Raphael G. Warnock, of Georgia Peter Welch, of Vermont John Fetterman, of Pennsylvania __________ John Boozman, of Arkansas Mitch McConnell, of Kentucky John Hoeven, of North Dakota Joni Ernst, of Iowa Cindy Hyde-Smith, of Mississippi Roger Marshall, of Kansas Tommy Tuberville, of Alabama Mike Braun, of Indiana Chuck Grassley, of Iowa John Thune, of South Dakota Deb Fischer, of Nebraska APPROPRIATIONS Room S-127, The Capitol. Meetings at the call of the Chairman. Patty Murray, of Washington, Chairman Richard J. Durbin, of Illinois Jack Reed, of Rhode Island Jon Tester, of Montana Jeanne Shaheen, of New Hampshire Jeff Merkley, of Oregon Christopher A. Coons, of Delaware Brian Schatz, of Hawaii Tammy Baldwin, of Wisconsin Christopher Murphy, of Connecticut Joe Manchin III, of West Virginia Chris Van Hollen, of Maryland Martin Heinrich, of New Mexico Gary C. Peters, of Michigan Kyrsten Sinema, of Arizona __________ Susan M. Collins, of Maine Mitch McConnell, of Kentucky Lisa Murkowski, of Alaska Lindsey Graham, of South Carolina Jerry Moran, of Kansas John Hoeven, of North Dakota John Boozman, of Arkansas Shelley Moore Capito, of West Virginia John Kennedy, of Louisiana Cindy Hyde-Smith, of Mississippi Bill Hagerty, of Tennessee Katie Boyd Britt, of Alabama Marco Rubio, of Florida Deb Fischer, of Nebraska ARMED SERVICES Room SR-222, Russell Office Building. Meetings Tuesdays and Thursdays at 9:30 a.m. Jack Reed, of Rhode Island, Chairman Jeanne Shaheen, of New Hampshire Kirsten E. Gillibrand, of New York Richard Blumenthal, of Connecticut Mazie K. Hirono, of Hawaii Tim Kaine, of Virginia Angus S. King, Jr., of Maine Elizabeth Warren, of Massachusetts Gary C. Peters, of Michigan Joe Manchin III, of West Virginia Tammy Duckworth, of Illinois Jacky Rosen, of Nevada Mark Kelly, of Arizona __________ Roger F. Wicker, of Mississippi Deb Fischer, of Nebraska Tom Cotton, of Arkansas Mike Rounds, of South Dakota Joni Ernst, of Iowa Dan Sullivan, of Alaska Kevin Cramer, of North Dakota Rick Scott, of Florida Tommy Tuberville, of Alabama Markwayne Mullin, of Oklahoma Ted Budd, of North Carolina Eric Schmitt, of Missouri BANKING, HOUSING, AND URBAN AFFAIRS Room SD-538, Dirksen Office Building. Meetings last Tuesday of each month. Sherrod Brown, of Ohio, Chairman Jack Reed, of Rhode Island Jon Tester, of Montana Mark R. Warner, of Virginia Elizabeth Warren, of Massachusetts Chris Van Hollen, of Maryland Catherine Cortez Masto, of Nevada Tina Smith, of Minnesota Raphael G. Warnock, of Georgia John Fetterman, of Pennsylvania Laphonza R. Butler, of California George S. Helmy, of New Jersey __________ Tim Scott, of South Carolina Mike Crapo, of Idaho Mike Rounds, of South Dakota Thom Tillis, of North Carolina John Kennedy, of Louisiana Bill Hagerty, of Tennessee Cynthia M. Lummis, of Wyoming J.D. Vance, of Ohio Katie Boyd Britt, of Alabama Kevin Cramer, of North Dakota Steve Daines, of Montana BUDGET Room SD-608, Dirksen Office Building. Meetings Tuesdays at 10:30 a.m. Sheldon Whitehouse, of Rhode Island, Chairman Patty Murray, of Washington Ron Wyden, of Oregon Debbie Stabenow, of Michigan Bernard Sanders, of Vermont Mark R. Warner, of Virginia Jeff Merkley, of Oregon Tim Kaine, of Virginia Chris Van Hollen, of Maryland Ben Ray Lujan, of New Mexico Alex Padilla, of California __________ Chuck Grassley, of Iowa Mike Crapo, of Idaho Lindsey Graham, of South Carolina Ron Johnson, of Wisconsin Mitt Romney, of Utah Roger Marshall, of Kansas Mike Braun, of Indiana John Kennedy, of Louisiana Rick Scott, of Florida Mike Lee, of Utah COMMERCE, SCIENCE, AND TRANSPORTATION Room SR-253, Russell Office Building. Meetings at the call of the Chairman. Maria Cantwell, of Washington, Chairman Amy Klobuchar, of Minnesota Brian Schatz, of Hawaii Edward J. Markey, of Massachusetts Gary C. Peters, of Michigan Tammy Baldwin, of Wisconsin Tammy Duckworth, of Illinois Jon Tester, of Montana Kyrsten Sinema, of Arizona Jacky Rosen, of Nevada Ben Ray Lujan, of New Mexico John W. Hickenlooper, of Colorado Raphael G. Warnock, of Georgia Peter Welch, of Vermont __________ Ted Cruz, of Texas John Thune, of South Dakota Roger F. Wicker, of Mississippi Deb Fischer, of Nebraska Jerry Moran, of Kansas Dan Sullivan, of Alaska Marsha Blackburn, of Tennessee Todd Young, of Indiana Ted Budd, of North Carolina Eric Schmitt, of Missouri J.D. Vance, of Ohio Shelley Moore Capito, of West Virginia Cynthia M. Lummis, of Wyoming [[Page 7]] ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES Room SD-366, Dirksen Office Building. Meetings third Wednesday of each month. Joe Manchin III, of West Virginia, Chairman Ron Wyden, of Oregon Maria Cantwell, of Washington Bernard Sanders, of Vermont Martin Heinrich, of New Mexico Mazie K. Hirono, of Hawaii Angus S. King, Jr., of Maine Catherine Cortez Masto, of Nevada John W. Hickenlooper, of Colorado Alex Padilla, of California __________ John Barrasso, of Wyoming James E. Risch, of Idaho Mike Lee, of Utah Steve Daines, of Montana Lisa Murkowski, of Alaska John Hoeven, of North Dakota Bill Cassidy, of Louisiana Cindy Hyde-Smith, of Mississippi Josh Hawley, of Missouri ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC WORKS Room SD-406, Dirksen Office Building. Meetings at the call of the Chairman. Thomas R. Carper, of Delaware, Chairman Benjamin L. Cardin, of Maryland Bernard Sanders, of Vermont Sheldon Whitehouse, of Rhode Island Jeff Merkley, of Oregon Edward J. Markey, of Massachusetts Debbie Stabenow, of Michigan Mark Kelly, of Arizona Alex Padilla, of California John Fetterman, of Pennsylvania __________ Shelley Moore Capito, of West Virginia Kevin Cramer, of North Dakota Cynthia M. Lummis, of Wyoming Markwayne Mullin, of Oklahoma Pete Ricketts, of Nebraska John Boozman, of Arkansas Roger F. Wicker, of Mississippi Dan Sullivan, of Alaska Lindsey Graham, of South Carolina FINANCE Room SD-215, Dirksen Office Building. Meetings at the call of the Chairman. Ron Wyden, of Oregon, Chairman Debbie Stabenow, of Michigan Maria Cantwell, of Washington Thomas R. Carper, of Delaware Benjamin L. Cardin, of Maryland Sherrod Brown, of Ohio Michael F. Bennet, of Colorado Robert P. Casey, Jr., of Pennsylvania Mark R. Warner, of Virginia Sheldon Whitehouse, of Rhode Island Margaret Wood Hassan, of New Hampshire Catherine Cortez Masto, of Nevada Elizabeth Warren, of Massachusetts George S. Helmy, of New Jersey __________ Mike Crapo, of Idaho Chuck Grassley, of Iowa John Cornyn, of Texas John Thune, of South Dakota Tim Scott, of South Carolina Bill Cassidy, of Louisiana James Lankford, of Oklahoma Steve Daines, of Montana Todd Young, of Indiana John Barrasso, of Wyoming Ron Johnson, of Wisconsin Thom Tillis, of North Carolina Marsha Blackburn, of Tennessee FOREIGN RELATIONS Room SD-419, Dirksen Office Building. Meetings Tuesdays. Benjamin L. Cardin, of Maryland, Chairman Jeanne Shaheen, of New Hampshire Christopher A. Coons, of Delaware Christopher Murphy, of Connecticut Tim Kaine, of Virginia Jeff Merkley, of Oregon Cory A. Booker, of New Jersey Brian Schatz, of Hawaii Chris Van Hollen, of Maryland Tammy Duckworth, of Illinois George S. Helmy, of New Jersey __________ James E. Risch, of Idaho Marco Rubio, of Florida Mitt Romney, of Utah Pete Ricketts, of Nebraska Rand Paul, of Kentucky Todd Young, of Indiana John Barrasso, of Wyoming Ted Cruz, of Texas Bill Hagerty, of Tennessee Tim Scott, of South Carolina HEALTH, EDUCATION, LABOR, AND PENSIONS Room SD-430, Dirksen Office Building. Meetings second and fourth Wednesdays at 10 a.m. Bernard Sanders, of Vermont, Chairman Patty Murray, of Washington Robert P. Casey, Jr., of Pennsylvania Tammy Baldwin, of Wisconsin Christopher Murphy, of Connecticut Tim Kaine, of Virginia Margaret Wood Hassan, of New Hampshire Tina Smith, of Minnesota Ben Ray Lujan, of New Mexico John W. Hickenlooper, of Colorado Edward J. Markey, of Massachusetts __________ Bill Cassidy, of Louisiana Rand Paul, of Kentucky Susan M. Collins, of Maine Lisa Murkowski, of Alaska Mike Braun, of Indiana Roger Marshall, of Kansas Mitt Romney, of Utah Tommy Tuberville, of Alabama Markwayne Mullin, of Oklahoma Ted Budd, of North Carolina HOMELAND SECURITY AND GOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS Room SD-342, Dirksen Office Building. Meetings Wednesdays at 10 a.m. Gary C. Peters, of Michigan, Chairman Thomas R. Carper, of Delaware Margaret Wood Hassan, of New Hampshire Kyrsten Sinema, of Arizona Jacky Rosen, of Nevada Jon Ossoff, of Georgia Richard Blumenthal, of Connecticut Laphonza R. Butler, of California __________ Rand Paul, of Kentucky Ron Johnson, of Wisconsin James Lankford, of Oklahoma Mitt Romney, of Utah Rick Scott, of Florida Josh Hawley, of Missouri Roger Marshall, of Kansas [[Page 8]] JUDICIARY Room SD-224, Dirksen Office Building. Meetings at the call of the Chairman. Richard J. Durbin, of Illinois, Chairman Sheldon Whitehouse, of Rhode Island Amy Klobuchar, of Minnesota Christopher A. Coons, of Delaware Richard Blumenthal, of Connecticut Mazie K. Hirono, of Hawaii Cory A. Booker, of New Jersey Alex Padilla, of California Jon Ossoff, of Georgia Peter Welch, of Vermont Laphonza R. Butler, of California __________ Lindsey Graham, of South Carolina Chuck Grassley, of Iowa John Cornyn, of Texas Mike Lee, of Utah Ted Cruz, of Texas Josh Hawley, of Missouri Tom Cotton, of Arkansas John Kennedy, of Louisiana Thom Tillis, of North Carolina Marsha Blackburn, of Tennessee RULES AND ADMINISTRATION Room SR-301, Russell Office Building. Meetings at the call of the Chairman. Amy Klobuchar, of Minnesota, Chairman Charles E. Schumer, of New York Mark R. Warner, of Virginia Jeff Merkley, of Oregon Alex Padilla, of California Jon Ossoff, of Georgia Michael F. Bennet, of Colorado Peter Welch, of Vermont Laphonza R. Butler, of California __________ Deb Fischer, of Nebraska Mitch McConnell, of Kentucky Ted Cruz, of Texas Shelley Moore Capito, of West Virginia Roger F. Wicker, of Mississippi Cindy Hyde-Smith, of Mississippi Bill Hagerty, of Tennessee Katie Boyd Britt, of Alabama SMALL BUSINESS AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP Room SR-428A, Russell Office Building. Meetings first Thursday of each month. Jeanne Shaheen, of New Hampshire, Chairman Maria Cantwell, of Washington Benjamin L. Cardin, of Maryland Edward J. Markey, of Massachusetts Cory A. Booker, of New Jersey Christopher A. Coons, of Delaware Mazie K. Hirono, of Hawaii Tammy Duckworth, of Illinois Jacky Rosen, of Nevada John W. Hickenlooper, of Colorado __________ Joni Ernst, of Iowa Marco Rubio, of Florida James E. Risch, of Idaho Rand Paul, of Kentucky Tim Scott, of South Carolina Todd Young, of Indiana John Kennedy, of Louisiana Josh Hawley, of Missouri Ted Budd, of North Carolina VETERANS' AFFAIRS Room SR-418, Russell Office Building. Meetings at the call of the Chairman. Jon Tester, of Montana, Chairman Patty Murray, of Washington Bernard Sanders, of Vermont Sherrod Brown, of Ohio Richard Blumenthal, of Connecticut Mazie K. Hirono, of Hawaii Joe Manchin III, of West Virginia Kyrsten Sinema, of Arizona Margaret Wood Hassan, of New Hampshire Angus S. King, Jr., of Maine __________ Jerry Moran, of Kansas John Boozman, of Arkansas Bill Cassidy, of Louisiana Mike Rounds, of South Dakota Thom Tillis, of North Carolina Dan Sullivan, of Alaska Marsha Blackburn, of Tennessee Kevin Cramer, of North Dakota Tommy Tuberville, of Alabama

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Senate Calendars for September 12, 2024 - 118th Congress, 2nd Session

United States Congress Senate

[Senate Calendars for September 12, 2024 - 118th Congress, 2nd Session] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] [[Page 9]] OTHER, SELECT AND SPECIAL COMMITTEES COMMITTEE ON INDIAN AFFAIRS Room SD-628. Dirksen Office Building. Brian Schatz, of Hawaii, Chairman Maria Cantwell, of Washington Jon Tester, of Montana Catherine Cortez Masto, of Nevada Tina Smith, of Minnesota Ben Ray Lujan, of New Mexico __________ Lisa Murkowski, of Alaska, Vice Chairman John Hoeven, of North Dakota Steve Daines, of Montana Markwayne Mullin, of Oklahoma Mike Rounds, of South Dakota SELECT COMMITTEE ON ETHICS Room SH-220. Hart Office Building. Christopher A. Coons, of Delaware, Chairman Brian Schatz, of Hawaii Jeanne Shaheen, of New Hampshire __________ James Lankford, of Oklahoma, Vice Chairman James E. Risch, of Idaho Deb Fischer, of Nebraska SELECT COMMITTEE ON INTELLIGENCE Room SH-219. Hart Office Building Mark R. Warner, of Virginia, Chairman Ron Wyden, of Oregon Martin Heinrich, of New Mexico Angus S. King, Jr., of Maine Michael F. Bennet, of Colorado Robert P. Casey, Jr., of Pennsylvania Kirsten E. Gillibrand, of New York Jon Ossoff, of Georgia Mark Kelly, of Arizona __________ Marco Rubio, of Florida, Vice Chairman James E. Risch, of Idaho Susan M. Collins, of Maine Tom Cotton, of Arkansas John Cornyn, of Texas Jerry Moran, of Kansas James Lankford, of Oklahoma Mike Rounds, of South Dakota SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON AGING Room SD-G31. Dirksen Office Building. Robert P. Casey, Jr., of Pennsylvania, Chairman Kirsten E. Gillibrand, of New York Richard Blumenthal, of Connecticut Elizabeth Warren, of Massachusetts Mark Kelly, of Arizona Raphael G. Warnock, of Georgia John Fetterman, of Pennsylvania __________ Mike Braun, of Indiana Tim Scott, of South Carolina Marco Rubio, of Florida Rick Scott, of Florida J.D. Vance, of Ohio Pete Ricketts, of Nebraska

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Senate Calendars for September 12, 2024 - 118th Congress, 2nd Session

United States Congress Senate

[Senate Calendars for September 12, 2024 - 118th Congress, 2nd Session] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] [[Page 10]] JOINT COMMITTEES OF THE CONGRESS JOINT ECONOMIC COMMITTEE Room SD-G01. Dirksen Office Building. SENATE MEMBERS Martin Heinrich, of New Mexico, Chairman Amy Klobuchar, of Minnesota Margaret Wood Hassan, of New Hampshire Mark Kelly, of Arizona Peter Welch, of Vermont John Fetterman, of Pennsylvania Mike Lee, of Utah Tom Cotton, of Arkansas Eric Schmitt, of Missouri J.D. Vance, of Ohio __________ JOINT COMMITTEE ON THE LIBRARY Room SR-305. Russell Office Building. SENATE MEMBERS Amy Klobuchar, of Minnesota, Chairman Deb Fischer, of Nebraska Mark R. Warner, of Virginia Jon Ossoff, of Georgia Bill Hagerty, of Tennessee __________ JOINT COMMITTEE ON PRINTING SENATE MEMBERS Amy Klobuchar, of Minnesota, Vice Chairman Jeff Merkley, of Oregon Alex Padilla, of California Deb Fischer, of Nebraska Cindy Hyde-Smith, of Mississippi __________ JOINT COMMITTEE ON TAXATION Room SD-G18. Dirksen Office Building. SENATE MEMBERS Ron Wyden, of Oregon, Chairman Debbie Stabenow, of Michigan Maria Cantwell, of Washington Mike Crapo, of Idaho Chuck Grassley, of Iowa __________ JOINT CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE ON INAUGURAL CEREMONIES--2024 SENATE MEMBERS Amy Klobuchar, of Minnesota, Chairman Charles E. Schumer, of New York Deb Fischer, of Nebraska __________

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Senate Calendars for September 12, 2024 - 118th Congress, 2nd Session

United States Congress Senate

[Senate Calendars for September 12, 2024 - 118th Congress, 2nd Session] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] Cross Index of General Orders Measures With Corresponding Order Numbers Measure Number Order Number [[Page 11]] S. 38............................................................. 162 S. 61............................................................. 267 S. 66............................................................. 282 S. 79............................................................. 18 S. 81............................................................. 5 S. 82............................................................. 6 S. 90............................................................. 252 S. 92............................................................. 120 S. 108............................................................ 58 S. 113............................................................ 19 S. 123............................................................ 8 S. 127............................................................ 283 S. 142............................................................ 20 S. 148............................................................ 21 S. 162............................................................ 121 S. 184............................................................ 9 S. 199............................................................ 122 S. 214............................................................ 10 S. 219............................................................ 11 S. 243............................................................ 63 S. 257............................................................ 73 S. 259............................................................ 12 S. 275............................................................ 473 S. 277............................................................ 31 S. 285............................................................ 203 S. 299............................................................ 13 S. 306............................................................ 236 S. 308............................................................ 97 S. 326............................................................ 32 S. 359............................................................ 199 S. 384............................................................ 294 S. 385............................................................ 34 S. 396............................................................ 47 S. 416............................................................ 147 S. 424............................................................ 16 S. 432............................................................ 301 S. 440............................................................ 123 S. 452............................................................ 124 S. 473............................................................ 190 S. 479............................................................ 74 S. 490............................................................ 148 S. 507............................................................ 302 S. 509............................................................ 27 S. 532............................................................ 17 S. 534............................................................ 137 S. 535............................................................ 125 S. 567............................................................ 133 S. 576............................................................ 284 S. 593............................................................ 126 S. 594............................................................ 391 S. 595............................................................ 274 S. 608............................................................ 303 S. 618............................................................ 368 S. 623............................................................ 128 S. 636............................................................ 392 S. 644............................................................ 318 S. 654............................................................ 212 S. 666............................................................ 82 S. 673............................................................ 163 S. 682............................................................ 48 S. 683............................................................ 138 S. 701............................................................ 26 S. 706............................................................ 139 S. 717............................................................ 66 S. 728............................................................ 134 S. 736............................................................ 140 S. 776............................................................ 141 S. 780............................................................ 75 S. 797............................................................ 57 S. 820............................................................ 250 S. 822............................................................ 146 S. 824............................................................ 59 S. 841............................................................ 49 S. 843............................................................ 142 S. 847............................................................ 149 S. 873............................................................ 172 S. 884............................................................ 129 S. 885............................................................ 204 S. 910............................................................ 251 S. 917............................................................ 76 S. 920............................................................ 91 S. 924............................................................ 295 S. 930............................................................ 415 S. 931............................................................ 156 S. 933............................................................ 39 S. 936............................................................ 164 S. 943............................................................ 165 S. 945............................................................ 112 S. 961............................................................ 304 S. 1015........................................................... 296 S. 1059........................................................... 297 S. 1067........................................................... 107 S. 1074........................................................... 98 S. 1080........................................................... 200 S. 1088........................................................... 276 S. 1094........................................................... 135 S. 1097........................................................... 277 S. 1111........................................................... 118 S. 1114........................................................... 108 S. 1118........................................................... 355 S. 1137........................................................... 218 S. 1153........................................................... 285 S. 1156........................................................... 166 S. 1199........................................................... 69 S. 1203........................................................... 150 S. 1207........................................................... 70 S. 1214........................................................... 109 S. 1240........................................................... 50 S. 1254........................................................... 421 S. 1260........................................................... 159 S. 1271........................................................... 114 S. 1274........................................................... 339 S. 1277........................................................... 278 S. 1280........................................................... 286 S. 1284........................................................... 258 S. 1303........................................................... 207 S. 1322........................................................... 342 S. 1325........................................................... 51 S. 1339........................................................... 113 S. 1345........................................................... 167 S. 1348........................................................... 422 S. 1352........................................................... 168 S. 1381........................................................... 177 S. 1395........................................................... 40 S. 1396........................................................... 169 S. 1405........................................................... 305 S. 1409........................................................... 287 S. 1418........................................................... 288 S. 1421........................................................... 289 S. 1425........................................................... 195 S. 1443........................................................... 219 S. 1457........................................................... 151 S. 1464........................................................... 220 S. 1466........................................................... 160 S. 1524........................................................... 448 S. 1530........................................................... 89 S. 1540........................................................... 161 S. 1560........................................................... 381 S. 1564........................................................... 234 S. 1570........................................................... 474 S. 1573........................................................... 223 S. 1624........................................................... 224 S. 1651........................................................... 369 S. 1657........................................................... 279 S. 1662........................................................... 356 S. 1664........................................................... 136 S. 1669........................................................... 208 S. 1723........................................................... 432 S. 1760........................................................... 280 S. 1798........................................................... 268 S. 1822........................................................... 221 S. 1829........................................................... 370 S. 1835........................................................... 382 S. 1840........................................................... 317 S. 1844........................................................... 174 S. 1852........................................................... 201 S. 1855........................................................... 184 S. 1863........................................................... 311 S. 1865........................................................... 192 S. 1868........................................................... 185 S. 1871........................................................... 196 S. 1881........................................................... 371 S. 1886........................................................... 193 S. 1889........................................................... 500 S. 1890........................................................... 501 S. 1939........................................................... 335 S. 1955........................................................... 357 S. 1956........................................................... 475 S. 1979........................................................... 396 S. 2003........................................................... 316 S. 2006........................................................... 152 S. 2018........................................................... 306 S. 2020........................................................... 298 S. 2032........................................................... 383 S. 2042........................................................... 299 S. 2043........................................................... 189 S. 2086........................................................... 476 S. 2088........................................................... 472 S. 2099........................................................... 170 S. 2103........................................................... 106 [[Page 12]] S. 2127........................................................... 110 S. 2131........................................................... 111 S. 2136........................................................... 300 S. 2149........................................................... 307 S. 2150........................................................... 384 S. 2178........................................................... 116 S. 2190........................................................... 115 S. 2201........................................................... 291 S. 2212........................................................... 171 S. 2216........................................................... 308 S. 2219........................................................... 254 S. 2233........................................................... 477 S. 2247........................................................... 358 S. 2256........................................................... 255 S. 2260........................................................... 269 S. 2272........................................................... 205 S. 2273........................................................... 227 S. 2283........................................................... 256 S. 2286........................................................... 271 S. 2293........................................................... 495 S. 2302........................................................... 130 S. 2309........................................................... 131 S. 2321........................................................... 132 S. 2333........................................................... 202 S. 2336........................................................... 372 S. 2395........................................................... 179 S. 2415........................................................... 225 S. 2437........................................................... 143 S. 2438........................................................... 144 S. 2443........................................................... 145 S. 2482........................................................... 158 S. 2498........................................................... 478 S. 2546........................................................... 451 S. 2581........................................................... 354 S. 2587........................................................... 181 S. 2605........................................................... 186 S. 2615........................................................... 393 S. 2624........................................................... 187 S. 2625........................................................... 188 S. 2626........................................................... 373 S. 2770........................................................... 388 S. 2796........................................................... 489 S. 2840........................................................... 242 S. 2860........................................................... 215 S. 2866........................................................... 496 S. 2868........................................................... 490 S. 2959........................................................... 214 S. 2973........................................................... 266 S. 3029........................................................... 385 S. 3033........................................................... 443 S. 3044........................................................... 434 S. 3045........................................................... 394 S. 3046........................................................... 395 S. 3071........................................................... 497 S. 3084........................................................... 230 S. 3135........................................................... 231 S. 3168........................................................... 232 S. 3235........................................................... 374 S. 3277........................................................... 479 S. 3335........................................................... 416 S. 3343........................................................... 249 S. 3392........................................................... 309 S. 3393........................................................... 319 S. 3430........................................................... 265 S. 3475........................................................... 480 S. 3564........................................................... 402 S. 3594........................................................... 491 S. 3664........................................................... 488 S. 3679........................................................... 423 S. 3698........................................................... 498 S. 3738........................................................... 366 S. 3757........................................................... 429 S. 3765........................................................... 424 S. 3772........................................................... 406 S. 3775........................................................... 425 S. 3788........................................................... 481 S. 3849........................................................... 482 S. 3854........................................................... 375 S. 3874........................................................... 376 S. 3875........................................................... 389 S. 3880........................................................... 403 S. 3891........................................................... 345 S. 3897........................................................... 390 S. 3943........................................................... 483 S. 3946........................................................... 452 S. 3959........................................................... 484 S. 3971........................................................... 407 S. 4035........................................................... 499 S. 4036........................................................... 431 S. 4045........................................................... 426 S. 4077........................................................... 453 S. 4107........................................................... 485 S. 4293........................................................... 410 S. 4305........................................................... 492 S. 4325........................................................... 427 S. 4359........................................................... 404 S. 4361........................................................... 397 S. 4381........................................................... 400 S. 4394........................................................... 486 S. 4414........................................................... 408 S. 4443........................................................... 412 S. 4445........................................................... 413 S. 4447........................................................... 418 S. 4487........................................................... 487 S. 4541........................................................... 419 S. 4554........................................................... 420 S. 4638........................................................... 433 S. 4677........................................................... 435 S. 4678........................................................... 436 S. 4690........................................................... 437 S. 4698........................................................... 493 S. 4727........................................................... 438 S. 4795........................................................... 444 S. 4796........................................................... 445 S. 4797........................................................... 446 S. 4802........................................................... 447 S. 4853........................................................... 449 S. 4921........................................................... 450 S. 4927........................................................... 469 S. 4928........................................................... 470 S. 4942........................................................... 471 S. 4973........................................................... 494 S.J. Res. 4....................................................... 3 S.J. Res. 10...................................................... 35 S.J. Res. 67...................................................... 351 S.J. Res. 68...................................................... 352 S.J. Res. 69...................................................... 353 S. Con. Res. 2.................................................... 153 S. Res. 20........................................................ 154 S. Res. 75........................................................ 155 S. Res. 99........................................................ 54 S. Res. 106....................................................... 55 S. Res. 158....................................................... 99 S. Res. 357....................................................... 377 S. Res. 444....................................................... 247 S. Res. 505....................................................... 379 H.R. 2............................................................ 71 H.R. 22........................................................... 4 H.R. 23........................................................... 1 H.R. 26........................................................... 2 H.R. 185.......................................................... 14 H.R. 192.......................................................... 414 H.R. 277.......................................................... 103 H.R. 300.......................................................... 7 H.R. 340.......................................................... 237 H.R. 347.......................................................... 23 H.R. 502.......................................................... 29 H.R. 599.......................................................... 454 H.R. 786.......................................................... 245 H.R. 886.......................................................... 346 H.R. 1060......................................................... 455 H.R. 1098......................................................... 456 H.R. 1147......................................................... 293 H.R. 1418......................................................... 210 H.R. 1555......................................................... 457 H.R. 1615......................................................... 102 H.R. 1684......................................................... 180 H.R. 1727......................................................... 333 H.R. 1829......................................................... 360 H.R. 2811......................................................... 41 H.R. 3226......................................................... 275 H.R. 3608......................................................... 458 H.R. 3728......................................................... 459 H.R. 3774......................................................... 240 H.R. 3838......................................................... 338 H.R. 4364......................................................... 235 H.R. 4365......................................................... 226 H.R. 4394......................................................... 233 H.R. 4665......................................................... 222 H.R. 4688......................................................... 405 H.R. 4821......................................................... 239 H.R. 5009......................................................... 332 H.R. 5473......................................................... 440 H.R. 5476......................................................... 460 H.R. 5640......................................................... 461 H.R. 5692......................................................... 216 H.R. 5712......................................................... 462 H.R. 5985......................................................... 463 H.R. 6073......................................................... 464 H.R. 6126......................................................... 241 H.R. 6249......................................................... 441 H.R. 6651......................................................... 465 H.R. 6914......................................................... 310 H.R. 7024......................................................... 349 H.R. 7102......................................................... 337 H.R. 7109......................................................... 386 [[Page 13]] H.R. 7192......................................................... 466 H.R. 7199......................................................... 467 H.R. 7423......................................................... 468 H.R. 7511......................................................... 341 H.R. 7987......................................................... 409 H.R. 8281......................................................... 439 H.R. 8369......................................................... 398 H.J. Res. 88...................................................... 270 H.J. Res. 165..................................................... 442

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:20.225531

CCAL

CCAL-118scal-2024-09-12/CCAL-118scal-2024-09-12-pt6

Senate Calendars for September 12, 2024 - 118th Congress, 2nd Session

United States Congress Senate

[Senate Calendars for September 12, 2024 - 118th Congress, 2nd Session] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] GENERAL ORDERS UNDER RULE VIII ======================================================================== Order Measure Number Title Reported or No. and Author Placed on the Calendar ________________________________________________________________________ [[Page (14)]] 1 H.R. 23 An act to rescind certain Jan. 25, 2023.--Read the balances made available second time and placed to the Internal Revenue on the calendar. Service. 2 H.R. 26 An act to amend title 18, Jan. 25, 2023.--Read the United States Code, to second time and placed prohibit a health care on the calendar. practitioner from failing to exercise the proper degree of care in the case of a child who survives an abortion or attempted abortion. 3 S.J. Res. 4 Joint resolution removing Jan. 25, 2023.--Read the Senators the deadline for the second time and placed Cardin and ratification of the on the calendar. Murkowski Equal Rights Amendment. 4 H.R. 22 An act to prohibit the Jan. 25, 2023.--Read the Secretary of Energy second time and placed from sending petroleum on the calendar. products from the Strategic Petroleum Reserve to China, and for other purposes. 5 S. 81 A bill to provide a Jan. 26, 2023.--Read the Senator moratorium on all second time and placed Marshall and Federal research grants on the calendar. others provided to any institution of higher education or other research institute that is conducting gain-of- function research. 6 S. 82 A bill to protect social Jan. 26, 2023.--Read the Senator Scott security benefits and second time and placed (FL) and military pay and on the calendar. others require that the United States Government to prioritize all obligations on the debt held by the public in the event that the debt limit is reached. [[Page 15]] 7 H.R. 300 An act to amend chapter 3 Jan. 26, 2023.--Read the of title 5, United second time and placed States Code, to require on the calendar. the publication of settlement agreements, and for other purposes. 8 S. 123 A bill to protect Jan. 30, 2023.--Read the Senator Scott American small second time and placed (FL) and businesses, gig on the calendar. others workers, and freelancers by repealing the burdensome American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 transactions reporting threshold, and to rescind certain funding provided to the Internal Revenue Service under section 10301 of Public Law 117-169. 9 S. 184 A bill to amend chapter 8 Feb. 1, 2023.--Read the Senator Paul of title 5, United second time and placed and others States Code, to provide on the calendar. that major rules of the executive branch shall have no force or effect unless a joint resolution of approval is enacted into law. 10 S. 214 A bill to allow Feb. 2, 2023.--Read the Senator Cornyn reciprocity for the second time and placed and others carrying of certain on the calendar. concealed firearms. 11 S. 219 A bill to provide that Feb. 2, 2023.--Read the Senator Braun Members of Congress may second time and placed and others not receive pay after on the calendar. October 1 of any fiscal year in which Congress has not approved a concurrent resolution on the budget and passed the regular appropriations bills. 12 S. 259 A bill to ensure Feb. 7, 2023.--Read the Senator transparent and second time and placed Cantwell competitive on the calendar. transportation fuel markets in order to protect consumers from unwarranted price increases. [[Page 16]] 13 S. 299 A bill to amend title 31, Feb. 9, 2023.--Read the Senator Paul United States Code, to second time and placed provide for automatic on the calendar. continuing resolutions. 14 H.R. 185 An act to terminate the Feb. 13, 2023.--Read the requirement imposed by second time and placed the Director of the on the calendar. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for proof of COVID-19 vaccination for foreign travelers, and for other purposes. 16 S. 424 A bill to protect the Feb. 15, 2023.--Read the Senator Scott seniors of the United second time and placed (FL) States, and for other on the calendar. purposes. 17 S. 532 A bill to preserve and Feb. 28, 2023.--Read the Senator Paul protect the free choice second time and placed and others of individual employees on the calendar. to form, join, or assist labor organizations, or to refrain from such activities. 18 S. 79 A bill to amend title 35, Mar. 1, 2023.--Senator Senator Durbin United States Code, to Durbin, Committee on and others establish an the Judiciary, without interagency task force amendment. (No written between the United report.) States Patent and Trademark Office and the Food and Drug Administration for purposes of sharing information and providing technical assistance with respect to patents, and for other purposes. 19 S. 113 A bill to require the Mar. 1, 2023.--Senator Senator Federal Trade Durbin, Committee on Grassley and Commission to study the the Judiciary, with an others role of intermediaries amendment in the nature in the pharmaceutical of a substitute. (No supply chain and written report.) provide Congress with appropriate policy recommendations, and for other purposes. [[Page 17]] 20 S. 142 A bill to prohibit brand Mar. 1, 2023.--Senator Senator name drug companies Durbin, Committee on Klobuchar and from compensating the Judiciary, with an others generic drug companies amendment in the nature to delay the entry of a of a substitute. (No generic drug into the written report.) market, and to prohibit biological product manufacturers from compensating biosimilar and interchangeable companies to delay the entry of biosimilar biological products and interchangeable biological products. 21 S. 148 A bill to enable the Mar. 1, 2023.--Senator Senator Federal Trade Durbin, Committee on Klobuchar and Commission to deter the Judiciary, with an others filing of sham citizen amendment in the nature petitions to cover an of a substitute. (No attempt to interfere written report.) with approval of a competing generic drug or biosimilar, to foster competition, and facilitate the efficient review of petitions filed in good faith to raise legitimate public health concerns, and for other purposes. 23 H.R. 347 An act to require the Mar. 6, 2023.--Read the Executive Office of the second time and placed President to provide an on the calendar. inflation estimate with respect to Executive orders with a significant effect on the annual gross budget, and for other purposes. 26 S. 701 A bill to protect a Mar. 9, 2023.--Read the Senator person's ability to second time and placed Baldwin and determine whether to on the calendar. others continue or end a pregnancy, and to protect a health care provider's ability to provide abortion services. 27 S. 509 A bill to provide Mar. 9, 2023.--Senator Senator resources for United Menendez, Committee on Menendez and States nationals Foreign Relations, others unlawfully or without amendment. (No wrongfully detained written report.) abroad, and for other purposes. [[Page 18]] 29 H.R. 502 An act to amend title 38, Mar. 21, 2023.--Read the United States Code, to second time and placed ensure that the on the calendar. Secretary of Veterans Affairs repays members of the Armed Forces for certain contributions made by such members towards Post-9/11 Educational Assistance, and for other purposes. 31 S. 277 A bill to take certain Mar. 21, 2023.--Senator Senator land located in San Schatz, Committee on Padilla Diego County, Indian Affairs, without California, into trust amendment. (Rept. 2.) for the benefit of the Pala Band of Mission Indians, and for other purposes. 32 S. 326 A bill to direct the Mar. 23, 2023.--Senator Senators Secretary of Veterans Tester, Committee on Tester and Affairs to carry out a Veterans' Affairs, Sullivan study and clinical without amendment. (No trials on the effects written report.) of cannabis on certain health outcomes of veterans with chronic pain and post-traumatic stress disorder, and for other purposes. 34 S. 385 A bill to amend the Apr. 18, 2023.--Senator Senators Native American Tourism Schatz, Committee on Schatz and and Improving Visitor Indian Affairs, without Murkowski Experience Act to amendment. (Rept. 9.) authorize grants to Indian tribes, tribal organizations, and Native Hawaiian organizations, and for other purposes. 35 S.J. Res. 10 Joint resolution Apr. 18, 2023.--Committee Senator providing for on Veterans' Affairs, Tuberville and congressional discharged by petition others disapproval under pursuant to 5 U.S.C. chapter 8 of title 5, 802(c) and placed on United States Code, of the calendar. the rule submitted by the Department of Veterans Affairs relating to ``Reproductive Health Services''. [[Page 19]] 39 S. 933 A bill to amend the Carl Apr. 27, 2023.--Senator Senator Rosen Levin and Howard P. Peters, Committee on and others ``Buck'' McKeon Homeland Security and National Defense Governmental Affairs, Authorization Act for without amendment. Fiscal Year 2015 to (Rept. 15.) modify requirements relating to data centers of certain Federal agencies, and for other purposes. 40 S. 1395 A bill to temporarily May 2, 2023.--Read the Senator suspend the debt limit second time and placed Schumer and through December 31, on the calendar. others 2024. 41 H.R. 2811 An act to provide for a May 2, 2023.--Read the responsible increase to second time and placed the debt ceiling, and on the calendar. for other purposes. 47 S. 396 A bill to require the May 4, 2023.--Senator Senator Secretary of State to Menendez, Committee on Menendez and submit an annual report Foreign Relations, with others to Congress regarding an amendment in the the ties between nature of a substitute. criminal gangs and (No written report.) political and economic (See also Order No. elites in Haiti and 180.) impose sanctions on political and economic elites involved in such criminal activities. 48 S. 682 A bill to provide for the May 4, 2023.--Senator Senator treatment of the Menendez, Committee on Menendez and Association of Foreign Relations, with others Southeast Asian Nations an amendment in the (ASEAN) as an nature of a substitute. international (No written report.) organization for purposes of the International Organizations Immunities Act, and for other purposes. 49 S. 841 A bill to authorize the May 4, 2023.--Senator Senator Kaine Caribbean Basin Menendez, Committee on and others Security Initiative, to Foreign Relations, with enhance the United an amendment in the States-Caribbean nature of a substitute. security partnership, (No written report.) to prioritize natural disaster resilience, and for other purposes. 50 S. 1240 A bill to modify the May 4, 2023.--Senator Senators Risch requirements for Menendez, Committee on and Menendez candidate countries Foreign Relations, under the Millennium without amendment. (No Challenge Act of 2003, written report.) and for other purposes. [[Page 20]] 51 S. 1325 A bill to establish a May 4, 2023.--Senator Senators Risch partnership with Menendez, Committee on and Menendez nations in the Western Foreign Relations, with Hemisphere to promote an amendment in the economic nature of a substitute. competitiveness, (No written report.) democratic governance, and security, and for other purposes. 54 S. Res. 99 Resolution supporting the May 4, 2023.--Senator Senator goals of International Menendez, Committee on Shaheen and Women's Day. Foreign Relations, others without amendment, and an amendment to the preamble. (No written report.) 55 S. Res. 106 Resolution condemning May 4, 2023.--Senator Senator Risch Beijing's destruction Menendez, Committee on and others of Hong Kong's Foreign Relations, with democracy and rule of an amendment in the law. nature of a substitute, and an amendment to the preamble. (No written report.) 57 S. 797 A bill to establish and May 4, 2023.--Senator Senators Rubio implement a multi-year Menendez, Committee on and Menendez Legal Gold and Mining Foreign Relations, with Partnership Strategy to an amendment in the reduce the negative nature of a substitute. environmental and (No written report.) social impacts of illicit gold mining in the Western Hemisphere, and for other purposes. 58 S. 108 A bill to require a May 9, 2023.--Senator Senator guidance clarity Peters, Committee on Lankford and statement on certain Homeland Security and others agency guidance, and Governmental Affairs, for other purposes. without amendment. (Rept. 19.) 59 S. 824 A bill to require the May 9, 2023.--Senator Senators Secretary of Homeland Peters, Committee on Hassan and Security to establish a Homeland Security and Romney national risk Governmental Affairs, management cycle, and with amendments. (Rept. for other purposes. 20.) [[Page 21]] 63 S. 243 A bill to require the May 11, 2023.--Senator Senator Commissioner of U.S. Peters, Committee on Lankford and Customs and Border Homeland Security and others Protection to establish Governmental Affairs, procedures for without amendment. conducting maintenance (Rept. 23.) projects at ports of entry at which the Office of Field Operations conducts certain enforcement and facilitation activities. 66 S. 717 A bill to improve plain May 11, 2023.--Senator Senators writing and public Peters, Committee on Peters and experience, and for Homeland Security and Lankford other purposes. Governmental Affairs, without amendment. (Rept. 26.) 69 S. 1199 A bill to combat the May 15, 2023.--Senator Senator Durbin sexual exploitation of Durbin, Committee on and others children by supporting the Judiciary, with an victims and promoting amendment in the nature accountability and of a substitute. (No transparency by the written report.) tech industry. 70 S. 1207 A bill to establish a May 15, 2023.--Senator Senator Graham National Commission on Durbin, Committee on and others Online Child Sexual the Judiciary, with Exploitation amendments. (No written Prevention, and for report.) other purposes. 71 H.R. 2 An act to secure the May 16, 2023.--Read the borders of the United second time and placed States, and for other on the calendar. purposes. 73 S. 257 A bill to prohibit May 16, 2023.--Senator Senator Scott contracting with Peters, Committee on (FL) and persons that have Homeland Security and others business operations Governmental Affairs, with the Maduro regime, without amendment. and for other purposes. (Rept. 29.) 74 S. 479 A bill to modify the fire May 16, 2023.--Senator Senators management assistance Peters, Committee on Padilla and cost share, and for Homeland Security and Sullivan other purposes. Governmental Affairs, with amendments. (Rept. 30.) [[Page 22]] 75 S. 780 A bill to require the May 16, 2023.--Senator Senator Paul Comptroller General of Peters, Committee on and others the United States to Homeland Security and analyze certain Governmental Affairs, legislation in order to without amendment. prevent duplication of (Rept. 31.) and overlap with existing Federal programs, offices, and initiatives. 76 S. 917 A bill to establish the May 16, 2023.--Senator Senators duties of the Director Peters, Committee on Peters and of the Cybersecurity Homeland Security and Hawley and Infrastructure Governmental Affairs, Security Agency with amendments. (Rept. regarding open source 32.) software security, and for other purposes. 82 S. 666 A bill to amend title 31, May 30, 2023.--Senator Senators United States Code, to Peters, Committee on Hassan and require the Chief Homeland Security and Braun Operating Officer of Governmental Affairs, each agency to compile without amendment. a list of unnecessary (Rept. 36.) programs, and for other purposes. 89 S. 1530 A bill to permit COPS June 8, 2023.--Senator Senator Graham grants to be used for Durbin, Committee on and others the purpose of the Judiciary, without increasing the amendment. (No written compensation and hiring report.) of law enforcement officers, and for other purposes. 91 S. 920 A bill to reauthorize the June 12, 2023.--Senator Senator Trafficking Victims Menendez, Committee on Menendez and Protection Act of 2000, Foreign Relations, others and for other purposes. without amendment. (No written report.) 97 S. 308 A bill to end the June 13, 2023.--Senator Senator Romney treatment of the Menendez, Committee on and others People's Republic of Foreign Relations, with China as a developing an amendment in the nation. nature of a substitute. (No written report.) 98 S. 1074 A bill to require a June 13, 2023.--Senator Senators Rubio strategy for countering Menendez, Committee on and Peters the People's Republic Foreign Relations, with of China. an amendment in the nature of a substitute. (No written report.) [[Page 23]] 99 S. Res. 158 Resolution condemning the June 13, 2023.--Senator Senator Peters deportation of children Menendez, Committee on and others from Ukraine to the Foreign Relations, Russian Federation and without amendment, and the forcible transfer an amendment to the of children within preamble. (No written territories of Ukraine report.) that are temporarily occupied by Russian forces. 102 H.R. 1615 An act to prohibit the June 15, 2023.--Read the use of Federal funds to second time and placed ban gas stoves. on the calendar. 103 H.R. 277 An act to amend chapter 8 June 21, 2023.--Read the of title 5, United second time and placed States Code, to provide on the calendar. that major rules of the executive branch shall have no force or effect unless a joint resolution of approval is enacted into law. 106 S. 2103 A bill to authorize June 22, 2023.--Senator Senator Warner appropriations for Warner, Select fiscal year 2024 for Committee on intelligence and Intelligence, without intelligence-related amendment. (An original activities of the bill.) (Rept. 59.) United States (Additional views Government, the filed.) Intelligence Community Management Account, and the Central Intelligence Agency Retirement and Disability System, and for other purposes. 107 S. 1067 A bill to amend the June 22, 2023.--Senator Senator Federal Food, Drug, and Sanders, Committee on Shaheen and Cosmetic Act with Health, Education, others respect to citizen Labor, and Pensions, petitions. with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. (No written report.) 108 S. 1114 A bill to amend the June 22, 2023.--Senator Senators Smith Federal Food, Drug, and Sanders, Committee on and Braun Cosmetic Act with Health, Education, respect to the 180-day Labor, and Pensions, exclusivity period. with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. (No written report.) [[Page 24]] 109 S. 1214 A bill to set forth June 22, 2023.--Senator Senators limitations on Sanders, Committee on Baldwin and exclusive approval or Health, Education, Braun licensure of drugs Labor, and Pensions, designated for rare without amendment. (No diseases or conditions. written report.) 110 S. 2127 A bill making June 22, 2023.--Senator Senator Murray appropriations for Murray, Committee on military construction, Appropriations, without the Department of amendment. (An original Veterans Affairs, and bill.) (Rept. 43.) (See related agencies for also Order No. 198.) the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes. 111 S. 2131 A bill making June 22, 2023.--Senator Senator appropriations for Heinrich, Committee on Heinrich Agriculture, Rural Appropriations, without Development, Food and amendment. (An original Drug Administration, bill.) (Rept. 44.) and Related Agencies for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes. 112 S. 945 A bill to provide for June 22, 2023.--Senator Senators joint reports by Peters, Committee on Hassan and Lee relevant Federal Homeland Security and agencies to Congress Governmental Affairs, regarding incidents of with amendments. (Rept. terrorism, and for 46.) other purposes. 113 S. 1339 A bill to provide for June 22, 2023.--Senator Senator increased oversight of Sanders, Committee on Sanders and entities that provide Health, Education, others pharmacy benefit Labor, and Pensions, management services on with an amendment in behalf of group health the nature of a plans and health substitute. (No written insurance coverage. report.) 114 S. 1271 A bill to impose June 22, 2023.--Senator Senator Scott sanctions with respect Brown, Committee on (SC) and to trafficking of Banking, Housing, and others illicit fentanyl and Urban Affairs, with an its precursors by amendment in the nature transnational criminal of a substitute. (No organizations, written report.) including cartels, and for other purposes. 115 S. 2190 A bill to amend the June 22, 2023.--Senator Senator Brown Federal Deposit Brown, Committee on Insurance Act to Banking, Housing, and increase bank executive Urban Affairs, without accountability and to amendment. (An original improve financial bill.) (No written stability, and for report.) other purposes. [[Page 25]] 116 S. 2178 A bill to extend the July 10, 2023.--Read the Senator Peters Chemical Facility Anti- second time and placed Terrorism Standards on the calendar. Program of the Department of Homeland Security, and for other purposes. 118 S. 1111 A bill to enhance United July 10, 2023.--Senator Senator Capito States civil nuclear Carper, Committee on and others leadership, support the Environment and Public licensing of advanced Works, with an nuclear technologies, amendment in the nature strengthen the domestic of a substitute. (Rept. nuclear energy fuel 182.) cycle and supply chain, and improve the regulation of nuclear energy, and for other purposes. 120 S. 92 A bill to designate the July 11, 2023.--Senator Senators outdoor amphitheater at Manchin, Committee on Warner and the Blue Ridge Music Energy and Natural Kaine Center in Galax, Resources, without Virginia, as the ``Rick amendment. (Rept. 48.) Boucher Amphitheater''. 121 S. 162 A bill to amend the Smith July 11, 2023.--Senator Senator River National Manchin, Committee on Merkley and Recreation Area Act to Energy and Natural others include certain Resources, without additions to the Smith amendment. (Rept. 49.) River National Recreation Area, to amend the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act to designate certain wild rivers in the State of Oregon, and for other purposes. 122 S. 199 A bill to codify the July 11, 2023.--Senator Senators authority of the Manchin, Committee on Daines and Secretary of Energy and Natural Feinstein Agriculture and the Resources, without Secretary of the amendment. (Rept. 50.) Interior to conduct certain landscape-scale forest restoration projects, and for other purposes. [[Page 26]] 123 S. 440 A bill to designate July 11, 2023.--Senator Senators Wyden certain land Manchin, Committee on and Merkley administered by the Energy and Natural Bureau of Land Resources, without Management and the amendment. (Rept. 51.) Forest Service in the State of Oregon as wilderness and national recreation areas, to withdraw certain land located in Curry County and Josephine County, Oregon, from all forms of entry, appropriation, or disposal under the public land laws, location, entry, and patent under the mining laws, and operation under the mineral leasing and geothermal leasing laws, and for other purposes. 124 S. 452 A bill to require the July 11, 2023.--Senator Senator Secretary of Energy to Manchin, Committee on Manchin and establish a Nuclear Energy and Natural others Fuel Security Program, Resources, with an expand the American amendment. (Rept. 52.) Assured Fuel Supply Program, and submit a report on a civil nuclear credit program, and for other purposes. 125 S. 535 A bill to streamline the July 11, 2023.--Senator Senator Hoeven oil and gas permitting Manchin, Committee on and others process and to Energy and Natural recognize fee ownership Resources, without for certain oil and gas amendment. (Rept. 53.) drilling or spacing units, and for other purposes. 126 S. 593 A bill to amend the John July 11, 2023.--Senator Senators D. Dingell, Jr. Manchin, Committee on Heinrich and Conservation, Energy and Natural Lujan Management, and Resources, without Recreation Act to amendment. (Rept. 54.) establish the Cerro de la Olla Wilderness in the Rio Grande del Norte National Monument and to modify the boundary of the Rio Grande del Norte National Monument. [[Page 27]] 128 S. 623 A bill to amend the July 11, 2023.--Senator Senators Alaska Native Claims Manchin, Committee on Murkowski and Settlement Act to Energy and Natural Sullivan exclude certain Resources, without payments to aged, amendment. (Rept. 56.) blind, or disabled Alaska Natives or descendants of Alaska Natives from being used to determine eligibility for certain programs, and for other purposes. 129 S. 884 A bill to establish a July 11, 2023.--Senator Senators Government-wide Peters, Committee on Sinema and approach to improving Homeland Security and Lummis digital identity, and Governmental Affairs, for other purposes. with amendments. (Rept. 47.) 130 S. 2302 A bill making July 13, 2023.--Senator Senator Reed appropriations for the Reed, Committee on Legislative Branch for Appropriations, without the fiscal year ending amendment. (An original September 30, 2024, and bill.) (Rept. 60.) (See for other purposes. also Order No. 235.) 131 S. 2309 A bill making July 13, 2023.--Senator Senator Van appropriations for Van Hollen, Committee Hollen financial services and on Appropriations, general government for without amendment. (An the fiscal year ending original bill.) (Rept. September 30, 2024, and 61.) for other purposes. 132 S. 2321 A bill making July 13, 2023.--Senator Senator appropriations for the Shaheen, Committee on Shaheen Departments of Commerce Appropriations, without and Justice, Science, amendment. (An original and Related Agencies bill.) (Rept. 62.) for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes. 133 S. 567 A bill to amend the July 18, 2023.--Senator Senator National Labor Sanders, Committee on Sanders and Relations Act, the Health, Education, others Labor Management Labor, and Pensions, Relations Act, 1947, without amendment. (No and the Labor- written report.) Management Reporting and Disclosure Act of 1959, and for other purposes. [[Page 28]] 134 S. 728 A bill to amend the Fair July 18, 2023.--Senator Senator Murray Labor Standards Act of Sanders, Committee on and others 1938 to provide more Health, Education, effective remedies to Labor, and Pensions, victims of without amendment. (No discrimination in the written report.) payment of wages on the basis of sex, and for other purposes. 135 S. 1094 A bill to provide a July 18, 2023.--Senator Senator temporary safe harbor Durbin, Committee on Klobuchar and for publishers of the Judiciary, without others online content to amendment. (No written collectively negotiate report.) with dominant online platforms regarding the terms on which content may be distributed. 136 S. 1664 A bill to allow Americans July 18, 2023.--Senator Senator to earn paid sick time Sanders, Committee on Sanders and so that they can Health, Education, others address their own Labor, and Pensions, health needs and the without amendment. (No health needs of their written report.) families. 137 S. 534 A bill to withdraw July 19, 2023.--Senator Senators certain Bureau of Land Manchin, Committee on Heinrich and Management land from Energy and Natural Lujan mineral development. Resources, without amendment. (Rept. 63.) 138 S. 683 A bill to modify the July 19, 2023.--Senator Senators boundary of the Manchin, Committee on Padilla and Berryessa Snow Mountain Energy and Natural Feinstein National Monument to Resources, without include certain Federal amendment. (Rept. 64.) land in Lake County, California, and for other purposes. 139 S. 706 A bill to withdraw the July 19, 2023.--Senator Senators National Forest System Manchin, Committee on Cortez Masto land in the Ruby Energy and Natural and Rosen Mountains subdistrict Resources, without of the Humboldt-Toiyabe amendment. (Rept. 65.) National Forest and the National Wildlife Refuge System land in Ruby Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Elko and White Pine Counties, Nevada, from operation under the mineral leasing laws. [[Page 29]] 140 S. 736 A bill to establish the July 19, 2023.--Senator Senators Kelly Chiricahua National Manchin, Committee on and Sinema Park in the State of Energy and Natural Arizona as a unit of Resources, without the National Park amendment. (Rept. 66.) System, and for other purposes. 141 S. 776 A bill to amend the Wild July 19, 2023.--Senator Senators and Scenic Rivers Act Manchin, Committee on Heinrich and to designate certain Energy and Natural Lujan segments of the Gila Resources, without River system in the amendment. (Rept. 67.) State of New Mexico as components of the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System, to provide for the transfer of administrative jurisdiction over certain Federal land in the State of New Mexico, and for other purposes. 142 S. 843 A bill to amend the July 19, 2023.--Senator Senator Risch Infrastructure Manchin, Committee on Investment and Jobs Act Energy and Natural to authorize the use of Resources, without funds for certain amendment. (Rept. 68.) additional Carey Act projects, and for other purposes. 143 S. 2437 A bill making July 20, 2023.--Senator Senator Schatz appropriations for the Schatz, Committee on Departments of Appropriations, without Transportation, and amendment. (An original Housing and Urban bill.) (Rept. 70.) Development, and related agencies for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes. 144 S. 2438 A bill making July 20, 2023.--Senator Senator Coons appropriations for the Coons, Committee on Department of State, Appropriations, without foreign operations, and amendment. (An original related programs for bill.) (Rept. 71.) (See the fiscal year ending also Order No. 222.) September 30, 2024, and for other purposes. 145 S. 2443 A bill making July 20, 2023.--Senator Senator appropriations for Feinstein, Committee on Feinstein energy and water Appropriations, without development and related amendment. (An original agencies for the fiscal bill.) (Rept. 72.) (See year ending September also Order No. 233.) 30, 2024, and for other purposes. [[Page 30]] 146 S. 822 A bill to terminate the July 25, 2023.--Senator Senator Ernst Department of Defense Reed, Committee on and others memorandum relating to Armed Services, with an access to abortions, to amendment. (No written prohibit the use of report.) travel and transportation allowances, medical convalescent leave, and administrative absences to travel to obtain abortions, and for other purposes. 147 S. 416 A bill to designate the July 25, 2023.--Senator Senator Wicker Russian-based mercenary Menendez, Committee on and others Wagner Group as a Foreign Relations, with foreign terrorist an amendment in the organization, and for nature of a substitute. other purposes. (No written report.) 148 S. 490 A bill to require the July 25, 2023.--Senator Senators Rubio President to remove the Menendez, Committee on and Merkley extension of certain Foreign Relations, with privileges, exemptions, an amendment in the and immunities to the nature of a substitute. Hong Kong Economic and (No written report.) Trade Offices if Hong Kong no longer enjoys a high degree of autonomy from the People's Republic of China, and for other purposes. 149 S. 847 A bill to establish the July 25, 2023.--Senator Senator International Children Menendez, Committee on Menendez and with Disabilities Foreign Relations, with others Protection Program an amendment in the within the Department nature of a substitute. of State, and for other (No written report.) purposes. 150 S. 1203 A bill to amend the Peace July 25, 2023.--Senator Senator Corps Act by Menendez, Committee on Menendez and reauthorizing the Peace Foreign Relations, others Corps, providing better without amendment. (No support for current, written report.) returning, and former volunteers, and for other purposes. 151 S. 1457 A bill to authorize July 25, 2023.--Senator Senator negotiation and Menendez, Committee on Menendez and conclusion and to Foreign Relations, with others provide for an amendment in the congressional nature of a substitute. consideration of a tax (No written report.) agreement between the American Institute in Taiwan (AIT) and the Taipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office (TECRO). [[Page 31]] 152 S. 2006 A bill to foster July 25, 2023.--Senator Senators Risch Tunisia's democratic Menendez, Committee on and Menendez institutions, to limit Foreign Relations, with funds until Tunisia an amendment in the restores checks and nature of a substitute. balances, and to (No written report.) authorize the creation of a fund to support democratic reforms. 153 S. Con. Res. 2 Concurrent resolution July 25, 2023.--Senator Senator commending the bravery, Menendez, Committee on Menendez and courage, and resolve of Foreign Relations, others the women and men of without amendment, and Iran demonstrating in an amendment to the more than 133 cities preamble, and an and risking their amendment to the title. safety to speak out (No written report.) against the Iranian regime's human rights abuses. 154 S. Res. 20 Resolution condemning the July 25, 2023.--Senator Senator Cardin coup that took place on Menendez, Committee on and others February 1, 2021, in Foreign Relations, with Burma and the Burmese an amendment in the military's detention of nature of a substitute, civilian leaders, and an amendment to the calling for an preamble, and an immediate and amendment to the title. unconditional release (No written report.) of all those detained, promoting accountability and justice for those killed by the Burmese military, and calling for those elected to serve in parliament to resume their duties without impediment, and for other purposes. 155 S. Res. 75 Resolution reaffirming July 25, 2023.--Senator Senator the state of Arunachal Menendez, Committee on Merkley and Pradesh as Indian Foreign Relations, with others territory and an amendment in the condemning the People's nature of a substitute, Republic of China's and an amendment to the provocations in South preamble. (No written Asia. report.) 156 S. 931 A bill to improve the July 25, 2023.--Senator Senators visibility, Peters, Committee on Peters and accountability, and Homeland Security and Hickenlooper oversight of agency Governmental Affairs, software asset with an amendment in management practices, the nature of a and for other purposes. substitute. (Rept. 73.) [[Page 32]] 158 S. 2482 A bill to amend the Small July 25, 2023.--Senator Senator Cardin Business Act to Cardin, Committee on authorize the Community Small Business and Advantage Loan Program Entrepreneurship, of the Small Business without amendment. (An Administration, and for original bill.) (No other purposes. written report.) 159 S. 1260 A bill to release the July 25, 2023.--Senator Senators Lee reversionary interest Manchin, Committee on and Romney of the United States in Energy and Natural certain non-Federal Resources, with an land in Salt Lake City, amendment, and an Utah, and for other amendment to the title. purposes. (Rept. 75.) 160 S. 1466 A bill to adjust the July 25, 2023.--Senator Senators boundary of the Santa Manchin, Committee on Feinstein and Monica Mountains Energy and Natural Padilla National Recreation Resources, without Area to include the Rim amendment. (Rept. 76.) of the Valley Corridor, and for other purposes. 161 S. 1540 A bill to amend the July 25, 2023.--Senator Senator Daines Forest and Rangeland Manchin, Committee on and others Renewable Resources Energy and Natural Planning Act of 1974 Resources, with an and the Federal Land amendment in the nature Policy and Management of a substitute. (Rept. Act of 1976 to provide 77.) for circumstances under which reinitiation of consultation is not required under a land and resource management plan or land use plan under those Acts, and for other purposes. 162 S. 38 A bill to amend the Small July 25, 2023.--Senator Senators Business Act to codify Cardin, Committee on Duckworth and the Boots to Business Small Business and Ernst Program, and for other Entrepreneurship, with purposes. an amendment in the nature of a substitute. (No written report.) 163 S. 673 A bill to allow nonprofit July 25, 2023.--Senator Senator Rosen child care providers to Cardin, Committee on and others participate in certain Small Business and loan programs of the Entrepreneurship, Small Business without amendment. (No Administration, and for written report.) other purposes. [[Page 33]] 164 S. 936 A bill to amend the Small July 25, 2023.--Senator Senator Business Act to include Cardin, Committee on Marshall and requirements relating Small Business and others to graduates of career Entrepreneurship, with and technical education an amendment. (No programs or programs of written report.) study for small business development centers and women's business centers, and for other purposes. 165 S. 943 A bill to increase the July 25, 2023.--Senator Senator minimum disaster loan Cardin, Committee on Kennedy amount for which the Small Business and Small Business Entrepreneurship, with Administration may an amendment in the require collateral, and nature of a substitute. for other purposes. (No written report.) 166 S. 1156 A bill to establish an July 25, 2023.--Senator Senator Office of Native Cardin, Committee on Hickenlooper American Affairs within Small Business and and others the Small Business Entrepreneurship, with Administration, and for an amendment in the other purposes. nature of a substitute. (No written report.) (See also Order No. 337.) 167 S. 1345 A bill to amend the Small July 25, 2023.--Senator Senator Young Business Act to enhance Cardin, Committee on and others the Office of Credit Small Business and Risk Management, to Entrepreneurship, with require the an amendment in the Administrator of the nature of a substitute. Small Business (No written report.) Administration to issue rules relating to environmental obligations of certified development companies, and for other purposes. 168 S. 1352 A bill to amend the Small July 25, 2023.--Senator Senator Business Investment Act Cardin, Committee on Klobuchar and of 1958 to improve the Small Business and others loan guaranty program, Entrepreneurship, with enhance the ability of an amendment in the small manufacturers to nature of a substitute. access affordable (No written report.) capital, and for other purposes. 169 S. 1396 A bill to improve July 25, 2023.--Senator Senator Coons commercialization Cardin, Committee on and others activities in the SBIR Small Business and and STTR programs, and Entrepreneurship, with for other purposes. an amendment in the nature of a substitute. (No written report.) [[Page 34]] 170 S. 2099 A bill to establish an July 25, 2023.--Senator Senator Office of Community Cardin, Committee on Hickenlooper Financial Institutions Small Business and and others within the Small Entrepreneurship, with Business Administration an amendment in the that will strengthen nature of a substitute. the ability of (No written report.) Community Financial Institutions to support the development of small business concerns in underserved communities, and for other purposes. 171 S. 2212 A bill to require the July 25, 2023.--Senator Senator Cardin Administrator of the Cardin, Committee on Small Business Small Business and Administration to Entrepreneurship, with establish an SBIC amendments. (No written Advisory Committee, and report.) for other purposes. 172 S. 873 A bill to improve July 26, 2023.--Senator Senators recreation Manchin, Committee on Manchin and opportunities on, and Energy and Natural Barrasso facilitate greater Resources, with access to, Federal amendments. (Rept. 79.) public land, and for other purposes. 174 S. 1844 A bill to amend the July 26, 2023.--Senator Senators Federal Food, Drug, and Sanders, Committee on Baldwin and Cosmetic Act to Health, Education, Mullin reauthorize user fee Labor, and Pensions, programs relating to with an amendment. (No new animal drugs and written report.) (See generic new animal also Order No. 210.) drugs. 177 S. 1381 A bill to authorize the July 26, 2023.--Senator Senators Secretary of the Carper, Committee on Cardin and Interior, through the Environment and Public Graham Coastal Program of the Works, without United States Fish and amendment. (Rept. 127.) Wildlife Service, to work with willing partners and provide support to efforts to assess, protect, restore, and enhance important coastal landscapes that provide fish and wildlife habitat on which certain Federal trust species depend, and for other purposes. 179 S. 2395 A bill to reauthorize July 26, 2023.--Senator Senators wildlife habitat and Carper, Committee on Carper and conservation programs, Environment and Public Capito and for other purposes. Works, without amendment. (Rept. 128.) (See also Order No. 332.) [[Page 35]] 180 H.R. 1684 An act to require the July 26, 2023.--Placed on Secretary of State to the calendar. (See also submit an annual report Order No. 47.) to Congress regarding the ties between criminal gangs and political and economic elites in Haiti and impose sanctions on political and economic elites involved in such criminal activities. 181 S. 2587 A bill making July 27, 2023.--Senator Senator Tester appropriations for the Tester, Committee on Department of Defense Appropriations, without for the fiscal year amendment. (An original ending September 30, bill.) (Rept. 81.) (See 2024, and for other also Order No. 226.) purposes. 184 S. 1855 A bill to reauthorize the July 27, 2023.--Senator Senator Special Diabetes Sanders, Committee on Collins and Program for Type 1 Health, Education, others Diabetes and the Labor, and Pensions, Special Diabetes without amendment. (No Program for Indians. written report.) 185 S. 1868 A bill to require an July 27, 2023.--Senator Senators interagency study to Peters, Committee on Peters and produce a security Homeland Security and Scott (FL) assessment process on Governmental Affairs, adjacent space to high- with an amendment in security leased space the nature of a to accommodate a substitute. (Rept. 82.) Federal agency, and for other purposes. 186 S. 2605 An original bill making July 27, 2023.--Senator Senator appropriations for the Merkley, Committee on Merkley Department of the Appropriations, without Interior, environment, amendment. (Rept. 83.) and related agencies (See also Order No. for the fiscal year 239.) ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes. 187 S. 2624 A bill making July 27, 2023.--Senator Senator appropriations for the Baldwin, Committee on Baldwin Departments of Labor, Appropriations, without Health and Human amendment. (An original Services, and bill.) (Rept. 84.) Education, and related agencies for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes. [[Page 36]] 188 S. 2625 A bill making July 27, 2023.--Senator Senator Murphy appropriations for the Murphy, Committee on Department of Homeland Appropriations, without Security for the fiscal amendment. (An original year ending September bill.) (Rept. 85.) 30, 2024, and for other purposes. 189 S. 2043 A bill to provide for Aug. 22, 2023.--Senator Senators certain authorities of Menendez, Committee on Menendez and the Department of Foreign Relations, with Risch State, and for other an amendment in the purposes. nature of a substitute. (No written report.) 190 S. 473 A bill to provide for Aug. 22, 2023.--Senator Senator Scott drone security. Peters, Committee on (FL) and Homeland Security and others Governmental Affairs, without amendment. (Rept. 87.) 192 S. 1865 A bill to direct agencies Aug. 22, 2023.--Senator Senator Peters to be transparent when Peters, Committee on and others using automated and Homeland Security and augmented systems to Governmental Affairs, interact with the with an amendment in public or make critical the nature of a decisions, and for substitute. (Rept. 89.) other purposes. 193 S. 1886 A bill to establish a Aug. 22, 2023.--Senator Senator Hassan Federal Clearinghouse Peters, Committee on and others on Safety and Best Homeland Security and Practices for Nonprofit Governmental Affairs, Organizations, Faith- with an amendment in based Organizations, the nature of a and Houses of Worship substitute. (Rept. 90.) within the Department of Homeland Security, and for other purposes. 195 S. 1425 A bill to require a Sept. 5, 2023.--Senator Senators report on Federal Peters, Committee on Peters and support to the Homeland Security and Cornyn cybersecurity of Governmental Affairs, commercial satellite with an amendment in systems, and for other the nature of a purposes. substitute. (Rept. 92.) [[Page 37]] 196 S. 1871 A bill to create Sept. 5, 2023.--Senator Senator Peters intergovernmental Peters, Committee on and others coordination between Homeland Security and State, local, Tribal, Governmental Affairs, and territorial with an amendment in jurisdictions, and the the nature of a Federal Government to substitute. (Rept. 93.) combat United States reliance on the People's Republic of China and other covered countries for critical minerals and rare earth metals, and for other purposes. 199 S. 359 A bill to amend title 28, Sept. 5, 2023.--Senator Senator United States Code, to Durbin, Committee on Whitehouse and provide for a code of the Judiciary, with an others conduct for justices of amendment in the nature the Supreme Court of of a substitute. (No the United States, and written report.) for other purposes. 200 S. 1080 A bill to amend the Sept. 5, 2023.--Senator Senator Controlled Substances Durbin, Committee on Marshall and Act to require the Judiciary, with an others electronic amendment in the nature communication service of a substitute. (No providers and remote written report.) computing services to report to the Attorney General certain controlled substances violations. 201 S. 1852 A bill to amend the Sept. 6, 2023.--Senator Senator Scott Public Health Service Sanders, Committee on (SC) and Act to reauthorize a Health, Education, others sickle cell disease Labor, and Pensions, prevention and without amendment. (No treatment demonstration written report.) program. 202 S. 2333 A bill to reauthorize Sept. 6, 2023.--Senator Senator Casey certain programs under Sanders, Committee on and others the Public Health Health, Education, Service Act with Labor, and Pensions, respect to public with an amendment in health security and the nature of a all-hazards substitute. (No written preparedness and report.) response, and for other purposes. 203 S. 285 A bill to provide for the Sept. 11, 2023.--Senator Senator Peters perpetuation, Peters, Committee on and others administration, and Homeland Security and funding of Federal Governmental Affairs, Executive Boards, and with an amendment in for other purposes. the nature of a substitute. (Rept. 95.) [[Page 38]] 204 S. 885 A bill to establish a Sept. 11, 2023.--Senator Senators Rosen Civilian Cybersecurity Peters, Committee on and Blackburn Reserve in the Homeland Security and Department of Homeland Governmental Affairs, Security as a pilot with an amendment in project to address the the nature of a cybersecurity needs of substitute. (Rept. 96.) the United States with respect to national security, and for other purposes. 205 S. 2272 A bill to amend title 5, Sept. 11, 2023.--Senator Senator Sinema United States Code, to Peters, Committee on and others provide for special Homeland Security and base rates of pay for Governmental Affairs, wildland firefighters, with an amendment in and for other purposes. the nature of a substitute. (Rept. 97.) 207 S. 1303 A bill to require sellers Sept. 12, 2023.--Senator Senators Cruz of event tickets to Cantwell, Committee on and Cantwell disclose comprehensive Commerce, Science, and information to Transportation, with an consumers about ticket amendment in the nature prices and related of a substitute. (No fees. written report.) 208 S. 1669 A bill to require the Sept. 12, 2023.--Senator Senator Markey Secretary of Cantwell, Committee on and others Transportation to issue Commerce, Science, and a rule requiring access Transportation, with an to AM broadcast amendment in the nature stations in motor of a substitute. (No vehicles, and for other written report.) purposes. 210 H.R. 1418 An act to amend the Sept. 20, 2023.--Placed Federal Food, Drug, and on the calendar. (See Cosmetic Act to also Order No. 174.) reauthorize user fee programs relating to new animal drugs and generic new animal drugs. 212 S. 654 A bill to amend the Water Sept. 27, 2023.--Senator Senator Carper Infrastructure Carper, Committee on and others Improvements for the Environment and Public Nation Act to Works, without reauthorize Delaware amendment. (No written River Basin report.) conservation programs, and for other purposes. [[Page 39]] 214 S. 2959 A bill to amend the Sept. 27, 2023.--Senator Senator Carper Comprehensive Carper, Committee on Environmental Response, Environment and Public Compensation, and Works, without Liability Act of 1980 amendment. (An original to reauthorize bill.) (No written brownfields report.) revitalization funding, and for other purposes. 215 S. 2860 A bill to create Sept. 28, 2023.--Senator Senator protections for Brown, Committee on Merkley and financial institutions Banking, Housing, and others that provide financial Urban Affairs, with services to State- amendments. (No written sanctioned marijuana report.) businesses and service providers for such businesses, and for other purposes. 216 H.R. 5692 An act making Oct. 3, 2023.--Read the supplemental second time and placed appropriations for the on the calendar. fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes. 218 S. 1137 A bill to establish the Oct. 3, 2023.--Senator Senators Law Enforcement Mental Peters, Committee on Peters and Health and Wellness Homeland Security and Hawley Program, and for other Governmental Affairs, purposes. with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. Placed on the calendar. (Rept. 102.) 219 S. 1443 A bill to require an Oct. 3, 2023.--Senator Senators interagency strategy Peters, Committee on Lankford and for creating a unified Homeland Security and Sinema posture on counter- Governmental Affairs, unmanned aircraft without amendment. systems (C-UAS) (Rept. 103.) capabilities and protections at international borders of the United States. 220 S. 1464 A bill to restrict the Oct. 3, 2023.--Senator Senators flow of illicit drugs Peters, Committee on Peters and into the United States, Homeland Security and Hawley and for other purposes. Governmental Affairs, with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. (Rept. 104.) [[Page 40]] 221 S. 1822 A bill to require the Oct. 3, 2023.--Senator Senator Peters U.S. Customs and Border Peters, Committee on and others Protection to expand Homeland Security and the use of non- Governmental Affairs, intrusive inspection with an amendment in systems at land ports the nature of a of entry. substitute. (Rept. 105.) 222 H.R. 4665 An act making Oct. 3, 2023.--Placed on appropriations for the the calendar. (See also Department of State, Order No. 144.) foreign operations, and related programs for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes. 223 S. 1573 A bill to reauthorize the Oct. 4, 2023.--Senator Senator Bennet Prematurity Research Sanders, Committee on and others Expansion and Education Health, Education, for Mothers who deliver Labor, and Pensions, Infants Early Act. with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. (No written report.) (See also Order No. 275.) 224 S. 1624 A bill to require certain Oct. 4, 2023.--Senator Senator Kaine civil penalties to be Sanders, Committee on and others transferred to a fund Health, Education, through which amounts Labor, and Pensions, are made available for with an amendment in the Gabriella Miller the nature of a Kids First Pediatric substitute, and an Research Program at the amendment to the title. National Institutes of (No written report.) Health, and for other purposes. 225 S. 2415 A bill to amend title III Oct. 4, 2023.--Senator Senator Capito of the Public Health Sanders, Committee on and others Service Act to Health, Education, reauthorize Federal Labor, and Pensions, support of States in without amendment. (No their work to save and written report.) (See sustain the health of also Order No. 338.) mothers during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period, to eliminate disparities in maternal health outcomes for pregnancy-related and pregnancy-associated deaths, to identify solutions to improve health care quality and health outcomes for mothers, and for other purposes. [[Page 41]] 226 H.R. 4365 An act making Oct. 16, 2023.--Placed on appropriations for the the calendar. (See also Department of Defense Order No. 181.) for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes. 227 S. 2273 A bill to amend the Oct. 16, 2023.--Senator Senators Lujan Indian Child Protection Schatz, Committee on and Collins and Family Violence Indian Affairs, without Prevention Act. amendment. (Rept. 106.) 230 S. 3084 A bill to amend the Oct. 19, 2023.--Senator Senator Wyden Internal Revenue Code Wyden, Committee on of 1986 to provide Finance, without special rules for the amendment. (An original taxation of certain bill.) (Rept. 107.) residents of Taiwan with income from sources within the United States. 231 S. 3135 A bill making emergency Oct. 26, 2023.--Read the Senator supplemental second time and placed Marshall and appropriations for on the calendar. others assistance for the situation in Israel for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes. 232 S. 3168 A bill making emergency Oct. 31, 2023.--Read the Senator supplemental second time and placed Marshall and appropriations for on the calendar. others assistance for the situation in Israel for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes. 233 H.R. 4394 An act making Nov. 1, 2023.--Placed on appropriations for the calendar. (See also energy and water Order No. 145.) development and related agencies for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes. 234 S. 1564 A bill to require the Nov. 2, 2023.--Senator Senators Director of the Office Peters, Committee on Peters and of Personnel Management Homeland Security and Braun to establish, or Governmental Affairs, otherwise ensure the with an amendment in provision of, a the nature of a training program on substitute. (Rept. artificial intelligence 109.) for Federal management officials and supervisors, and for other purposes. [[Page 42]] 235 H.R. 4364 An act making Nov. 2, 2023.--Placed on appropriations for the the calendar. (See also Legislative Branch for Order No. 130.) the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes. 236 S. 306 A bill to approve the Nov. 6, 2023.--Senator Senators settlement of the water Schatz, Committee on Padilla and right claims of the Indian Affairs, without Feinstein Tule River Tribe, and amendment. (Rept. 110.) for other purposes. 237 H.R. 340 An act to impose Nov. 6, 2023.--Read the sanctions with respect second time and placed to foreign support for on the calendar. terrorist organizations, including Hamas and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad. 239 H.R. 4821 An act making Nov. 7, 2023.--Placed on appropriations for the the calendar. (See also Department of the Order No. 186.) Interior, environment, and related agencies for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes. 240 H.R. 3774 An act to impose Nov. 7, 2023.--Read the additional sanctions second time and placed with respect to the on the calendar. importation or facilitation of the importation of petroleum products from Iran, and for other purposes. 241 H.R. 6126 An act making emergency Nov. 7, 2023.--Read the supplemental second time and placed appropriations to on the calendar. respond to the attacks in Israel for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes. 242 S. 2840 A bill to improve access Nov. 8, 2023.--Senator Senators to and the quality of Sanders, Committee on Sanders and primary health care, Health, Education, Marshall expand the health Labor, and Pensions, workforce, and for with an amendment in other purposes. the nature of a substitute. (No written report.) [[Page 43]] 245 H.R. 786 An act to amend title 28, Nov. 14, 2023.--Placed on United States Code, to the calendar. provide an additional place for holding court for the Pecos Division of the Western District of Texas, and for other purposes. 247 S. Res. 444 Resolution providing for Nov. 14, 2023.--Senator Senator Reed the en bloc Klobuchar, Committee on consideration of Rules and military nominations. Administration, without amendment. (No written report.) 249 S. 3343 A bill to provide that Nov. 27, 2023.--Read the Senators United States citizens second time and placed Blackburn and evacuating Israel shall on the calendar. Rosen not be required to reimburse the United States Government, and for other purposes. 250 S. 820 A bill to add the Nov. 27, 2023.--Senator Senator Peters Consumer Product Safety Peters, Committee on and others Commission to the list Homeland Security and of agencies required to Governmental Affairs, be represented on the with an amendment. PFAS interagency (Rept. 112.) working group. 251 S. 910 A bill to amend the Grand Nov. 27, 2023.--Senator Senators Ronde Reservation Act, Schatz, Committee on Merkley and and for other purposes. Indian Affairs, without Wyden amendment. (Rept. 113.) 252 S. 90 A bill to require the Nov. 28, 2023.--Senator Senators Cruz disclosure of a camera Cantwell, Committee on and Cantwell or recording capability Commerce, Science, and in certain internet- Transportation, with an connected devices. amendment. (Rept. 114.) 254 S. 2219 A bill to amend the Nov. 30, 2023.--Senator Senator Congressional Peters, Committee on Merkley and Accountability Act of Homeland Security and others 1995 to expand access Governmental Affairs, to breastfeeding without amendment. accommodations in the (Rept. 115.) workplace. [[Page 44]] 255 S. 2256 A bill to authorize the Nov. 30, 2023.--Senator Senators Director of the Peters, Committee on Hassan and Cybersecurity and Homeland Security and Cornyn Infrastructure Security Governmental Affairs, Agency to establish an with amendments. (Rept. apprenticeship program 117.) and to establish a pilot program on cybersecurity training for veterans and members of the Armed Forces transitioning to civilian life, and for other purposes. 256 S. 2283 A bill to prohibit the Nov. 30, 2023.--Senator Senator Peters procurement of certain Peters, Committee on and others items containing Homeland Security and perfluorooctane Governmental Affairs, sulfonate (PFOS) or with an amendment in perfluorooctanoic acid the nature of a (PFOA) and prioritize substitute. (Rept. the procurement of 118.) products not containing PFAS. 258 S. 1284 A bill to improve Dec. 4, 2023.--Senator Senator Wicker forecasting and Cantwell, Committee on and others understanding of Commerce, Science, and tornadoes and other Transportation, with an hazardous weather, and amendment in the nature for other purposes. of a substitute. (Rept. 138.) 265 S. 3430 A bill to amend titles Dec. 7, 2023.--Senator Senator Wyden XVIII and XIX of the Wyden, Committee on Social Security Act to Finance, without expand the mental amendment. (An original health care workforce bill.) (Rept. 121.) and services, reduce prescription drug costs, and extend certain expiring provisions under Medicare and Medicaid, and for other purposes. 266 S. 2973 A bill to amend titles Dec. 7, 2023.--Senator Senator Wyden XVIII and XIX of the Wyden, Committee on Social Security Act to Finance, with an establish requirements amendment in the nature relating to pharmacy of a substitute. (Rept. benefit managers under 122.) the Medicare and Medicaid programs, and for other purposes. [[Page 45]] 267 S. 61 A bill to require the Dec. 11, 2023.--Senator Senator Sinema Secretary of Homeland Peters, Committee on and others Security to implement a Homeland Security and strategy to combat the Governmental Affairs, efforts of with an amendment in transnational criminal the nature of a organizations to substitute. (Rept. recruit individuals in 123.) the United States via social media platforms and other online services and assess their use of such platforms and services for illicit activities, and for other purposes. 268 S. 1798 A bill to establish a Dec. 11, 2023.--Senator Senators Countering Weapons of Peters, Committee on Peters and Mass Destruction Office Homeland Security and Cornyn and an Office of Health Governmental Affairs, Security in the with an amendment in Department of Homeland the nature of a Security, and for other substitute. (Rept. purposes. 124.) 269 S. 2260 A bill to require Dec. 11, 2023.--Senator Senator Cornyn transparency in notices Peters, Committee on and others of funding opportunity, Homeland Security and and for other purposes. Governmental Affairs, without amendment. (Rept. 125.) 270 H.J. Res. 88 Joint resolution Dec. 11, 2023.--Placed on providing for the calendar. congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to ``Improving Income Driven Repayment for the William D. Ford Federal Direct Loan Program and the Federal Family Education Loan (FFEL) Program''. 271 S. 2286 A bill to improve the Dec. 11, 2023.--Senator Senator Peters effectiveness and Peters, Committee on and others performance of certain Homeland Security and Federal financial Governmental Affairs, assistance programs, with an amendment in and for other purposes. the nature of a substitute. (Rept. 126.) [[Page 46]] 274 S. 595 A bill to approve the Dec. 12, 2023.--Senator Senators settlement of water Schatz, Committee on Heinrich and rights claims of the Indian Affairs, without Lujan Pueblos of Acoma and amendment. (Rept. 131.) Laguna in the Rio San Jose Stream System and the Pueblos of Jemez and Zia in the Rio Jemez Stream System in the State of New Mexico, and for other purposes. 275 H.R. 3226 An act to reauthorize the Dec. 12, 2023.--Placed on Prematurity Research the calendar. (See also Expansion and Education Order No. 223.) for Mothers who deliver Infants Early Act. 276 S. 1088 A bill to authorize the Dec. 12, 2023.--Senator Senators relinquishment and in Manchin, Committee on Hoeven and lieu selection of land Energy and Natural Cramer and minerals in the Resources, with an State of North Dakota, amendment in the nature to restore land and of a substitute. (Rept. minerals to Indian 132.) Tribes within the State of North Dakota, and for other purposes. 277 S. 1097 A bill to establish the Dec. 12, 2023.--Senator Senators Cesar E. Chavez and the Manchin, Committee on Padilla and Farmworker Movement Energy and Natural Feinstein National Historical Resources, with an Park in the States of amendment. (Rept. 133.) California and Arizona, and for other purposes. 278 S. 1277 A bill to modify the Dec. 12, 2023.--Senator Senator boundary of the Mammoth Manchin, Committee on McConnell Cave National Park in Energy and Natural the State of Kentucky, Resources, without and for other purposes. amendment. (Rept. 134.) 279 S. 1657 A bill to authorize the Dec. 12, 2023.--Senator Senators Secretary of the Manchin, Committee on Sinema and Interior to convey Energy and Natural Kelly certain land to La Paz Resources, with County, Arizona, and amendments. (Rept. for other purposes. 135.) [[Page 47]] 280 S. 1760 A bill to amend the Apex Dec. 12, 2023.--Senator Senator Cortez Project, Nevada Land Manchin, Committee on Masto Transfer and Energy and Natural Authorization Act of Resources, with an 1989 to include the amendment in the nature city of North Las of a substitute. (Rept. Vegas, Nevada, and the 136.) Apex Industrial Park Owners Association, and for other purposes. 282 S. 66 A bill to establish a Dec. 13, 2023.--Senator Senator task force on Cantwell, Committee on Klobuchar and improvements for Commerce, Science, and others notices to air Transportation, with an missions, and for other amendment in the nature purposes. of a substitute. (No written report.) 283 S. 127 A bill to prevent unfair Dec. 13, 2023.--Senator Senator and deceptive acts or Cantwell, Committee on Cantwell and practices and the Commerce, Science, and others dissemination of false Transportation, with an information related to amendment in the nature pharmacy benefit of a substitute. (No management services for written report.) prescription drugs, and for other purposes. 284 S. 576 A bill to enhance safety Dec. 13, 2023.--Senator Senator Brown requirements for trains Cantwell, Committee on and others transporting hazardous Commerce, Science, and materials, and for Transportation, with an other purposes. amendment in the nature of a substitute. (No written report.) 285 S. 1153 A bill to require the Dec. 13, 2023.--Senator Senator Peters Secretary of Commerce Cantwell, Committee on and others to establish the Commerce, Science, and National Manufacturing Transportation, with an Advisory Council within amendment in the nature the Department of of a substitute. (No Commerce, and for other written report.) purposes. 286 S. 1280 A bill to require Dec. 13, 2023.--Senator Senators Cruz coordinated National Cantwell, Committee on and Welch Institute of Standards Commerce, Science, and and Technology science Transportation, with an and research activities amendment in the nature regarding illicit drugs of a substitute. (No containing xylazine, written report.) novel synthetic opioids, and other substances of concern, and for other purposes. [[Page 48]] 287 S. 1409 A bill to protect the Dec. 13, 2023.--Senator Senator safety of children on Cantwell, Committee on Blumenthal and the internet. Commerce, Science, and others Transportation, with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. (No written report.) 288 S. 1418 A bill to amend the Dec. 13, 2023.--Senator Senators Children's Online Cantwell, Committee on Markey and Privacy Protection Act Commerce, Science, and Cassidy of 1998 to strengthen Transportation, with an protections relating to amendment in the nature the online collection, of a substitute. (No use, and disclosure of written report.) personal information of children and teens, and for other purposes. 289 S. 1421 A bill to require origin Dec. 13, 2023.--Senator Senator and location disclosure Cantwell, Committee on Baldwin and for new products of Commerce, Science, and others foreign origin offered Transportation, with an for sale on the amendment in the nature internet. of a substitute. (No written report.) 291 S. 2201 A bill to increase Dec. 13, 2023.--Senator Senators knowledge and awareness Cantwell, Committee on Klobuchar and of best practices to Commerce, Science, and Thune reduce cybersecurity Transportation, with an risks in the United amendment in the nature States. of a substitute. (No written report.) 293 H.R. 1147 An act to amend the Dec. 18, 2023.--Read the Richard B. Russell second time and placed National School Lunch on the calendar. Act to allow schools that participate in the school lunch program under such Act to serve whole milk. 294 S. 384 A bill to establish the Dec. 20, 2023.--Senator Senators Springfield 1908 Race Manchin, Committee on Duckworth and Riot National Monument Energy and Natural Durbin in the State of Resources, with an Illinois, and for other amendment in the nature purposes. of a substitute. (Rept. 142.) [[Page 49]] 295 S. 924 A bill to amend the Dec. 20, 2023.--Senator Senator Cardin Chesapeake and Ohio Manchin, Committee on and others Canal Development Act Energy and Natural to extend the Resources, without Chesapeake and Ohio amendment. (Rept. 143.) Canal National (See also Order No. Historical Park 333.) Commission. 296 S. 1015 A bill to require the Dec. 20, 2023.--Senator Senators Kelly Secretary of Manchin, Committee on and Sinema Agriculture to convey Energy and Natural the Pleasant Valley Resources, with an Ranger District amendment in the nature Administrative Site to of a substitute. (Rept. Gila County, Arizona. 144.) (See also Order No. 360.) 297 S. 1059 A bill to adjust the Dec. 20, 2023.--Senator Senators boundary of Big Bend Manchin, Committee on Cornyn and National Park in the Energy and Natural Lujan State of Texas, and for Resources, without other purposes. amendment. (Rept. 145.) 298 S. 2020 A bill to amend the Dec. 20, 2023.--Senator Senators Oregon Resource Manchin, Committee on Merkley and Conservation Act of Energy and Natural Wyden 1996 to reauthorize the Resources, without Deschutes River amendment. (Rept. 146.) Conservancy Working Group, and for other purposes. 299 S. 2042 A bill to amend the Sloan Dec. 20, 2023.--Senator Senator Cortez Canyon National Manchin, Committee on Masto Conservation Area Act Energy and Natural to adjust the boundary Resources, with an of the Sloan Canyon amendment in the nature National Conservation of a substitute. (Rept. Area, and for other 147.) purposes. 300 S. 2136 A bill to require the Dec. 20, 2023.--Senator Senator Lee Secretary of the Manchin, Committee on Interior and the Energy and Natural Secretary of Resources, with an Agriculture to convey amendment in the nature certain Federal land to of a substitute. (Rept. the State of Utah for 148.) inclusion in certain State parks, and for other purposes. [[Page 50]] 301 S. 432 A bill to amend the Wild Jan. 9, 2024.--Senator Senators Welch and Scenic Rivers Act Manchin, Committee on and Sanders to designate the Energy and Natural Nulhegan River and Paul Resources, without Stream in the State of amendment. (Rept. 149.) Vermont for potential addition to the national wild and scenic rivers system, and for other purposes. 302 S. 507 A bill to establish the Jan. 9, 2024.--Senator Senators Ralph David Abernathy, Manchin, Committee on Ossoff and Sr., National Historic Energy and Natural Warnock Site, and for other Resources, without purposes. amendment. (Rept. 150.) 303 S. 608 A bill to amend the Wild Jan. 9, 2024.--Senator Senator Markey and Scenic Rivers Act Manchin, Committee on and others to direct the Secretary Energy and Natural of the Interior to Resources, without conduct a study of the amendment. (Rept. 151.) Deerfield River for potential addition to the national wild and scenic rivers system, and for other purposes. 304 S. 961 A bill to redesignate the Jan. 9, 2024.--Senator Senator Markey Salem Maritime National Manchin, Committee on Historic Site in Salem, Energy and Natural Massachusetts, as the Resources, without ``Salem Maritime amendment. (Rept. 152.) National Historic Park'', and for other purposes. 305 S. 1405 A bill to provide for the Jan. 9, 2024.--Senator Senators Lee exchange of certain Manchin, Committee on and Romney Federal land and State Energy and Natural land in the State of Resources, without Utah. amendment. (Rept. 153.) 306 S. 2018 A bill to require the Jan. 9, 2024.--Senator Senator Secretary of the Manchin, Committee on Barrasso and Interior to conduct an Energy and Natural others assessment to identify Resources, with an locations in National amendment in the nature Parks in which there is of a substitute. (Rept. the greatest need for 154.) broadband internet access service and areas in National Parks in which there is the greatest need for cellular service, and for other purposes. [[Page 51]] 307 S. 2149 A bill to sustain Jan. 9, 2024.--Senator Senator Tester economic development Manchin, Committee on and recreational use of Energy and Natural National Forest System Resources, without land in the State of amendment. (Rept. 155.) Montana, to add certain land to the National Wilderness Preservation System, to designate new areas for recreation, and for other purposes. 308 S. 2216 A bill to release from Jan. 9, 2024.--Senator Senator Daines wilderness study area Manchin, Committee on designation certain Energy and Natural land in the State of Resources, with an Montana, to improve the amendment. (Rept. 156.) management of that land, and for other purposes. 309 S. 3392 A bill to reauthorize the Jan. 22, 2024.--Senator Senators Education Sciences Sanders, Committee on Sanders and Reform Act of 2002, the Health, Education, Cassidy Educational Technical Labor, and Pensions, Assistance Act of 2002, with an amendment in and the National the nature of a Assessment of substitute. (No written Educational Progress report.) Authorization Act, and for other purposes. 310 H.R. 6914 An act to require Jan. 23, 2024.--Read the institutions of higher second time and placed education to on the calendar. disseminate information on the rights of, and accommodations and resources for, pregnant students, and for other purposes. 311 S. 1863 A bill to require the Jan. 25, 2024.--Senator Senator Coons Secretary of Energy to Carper, Committee on and others conduct a study and Environment and Public submit a report on the Works, with an greenhouse gas amendment in the nature emissions intensity of of a substitute. (No certain products written report.) produced in the United States and in certain foreign countries, and for other purposes. [[Page 52]] 316 S. 2003 A bill to authorize the Jan. 30, 2024.--Senator Senator Risch Secretary of State to Cardin, Committee on and others provide additional Foreign Relations, with assistance to Ukraine an amendment in the using assets nature of a substitute. confiscated from the (No written report.) Central Bank of the Russian Federation and other sovereign assets of the Russian Federation, and for other purposes. 317 S. 1840 A bill to amend the Feb. 1, 2024.--Senator Senator Public Health Service Sanders, Committee on Baldwin and Act to reauthorize and Health, Education, others improve the National Labor, and Pensions, Breast and Cervical with an amendment in Cancer Early Detection the nature of a Program for fiscal substitute. (No written years 2024 through report.) 2028, and for other purposes. 318 S. 644 A bill to expand the Feb. 1, 2024.--Senator Senator Markey take-home prescribing Sanders, Committee on and others of methadone through Health, Education, pharmacies. Labor, and Pensions, with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. (No written report.) 319 S. 3393 A bill to reauthorize the Feb. 1, 2024.--Senator Senator SUPPORT for Patients Sanders, Committee on Sanders and and Communities Act, Health, Education, others and for other purposes. Labor, and Pensions, with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. (No written report.) 332 H.R. 5009 An act to reauthorize Feb. 6, 2024.--Placed on wildlife habitat and the calendar. (See also conservation programs, Order No. 179.) and for other purposes. 333 H.R. 1727 An act to amend the Feb. 7, 2024.--Placed on Chesapeake and Ohio the calendar. (See also Canal Development Act Order No. 295.) to extend the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park Commission. 335 S. 1939 A bill to amend title 49, Feb. 29, 2024.--Senator Senator United States Code, to Cantwell, Committee on Cantwell and authorize Commerce, Science, and others appropriations for the Transportation, with an Federal Aviation amendment in the nature Administration for of a substitute. (No fiscal years 2024 written report.) through 2028, and for other purposes. [[Page 53]] 337 H.R. 7102 An act to establish an Mar. 5, 2024.--Placed on Office of Native the calendar. (See also American Affairs within Order No. 166.) the Small Business Administration, and for other purposes. 338 H.R. 3838 An act to amend title III Mar. 6, 2024.--Placed on of the Public Health the calendar. (See also Service Act to Order No. 225.) reauthorize Federal support of States in their work to save and sustain the health of mothers during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period, to eliminate disparities in maternal health outcomes for pregnancy-related and pregnancy-associated deaths, to identify solutions to improve health care quality and health outcomes for mothers, and for other purposes. 339 S. 1274 A bill to permanently Mar. 6, 2024.--Senator Senator exempt payments made Whitehouse, Committee Fischer and from the Railroad on the Budget, without others Unemployment Insurance amendment. (Rept. 168.) Account from sequestration under the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985. 341 H.R. 7511 An act to require the Mar. 11, 2024.--Read the Secretary of Homeland second time and placed Security to take into on the calendar. custody aliens who have been charged in the United States with theft, and for other purposes. 342 S. 1322 A bill to amend the Act Mar. 12, 2024.--Senator Senators of August 9, 1955, to Schatz, Committee on Schatz and modify the authorized Indian Affairs, with an Murkowski purposes and term amendment in the nature period of tribal of a substitute. (Rept. leases, and for other 159.) purposes. [[Page 54]] 345 S. 3891 A bill to amend the Mar. 12, 2024.--Senator Senator Carper Public Works and Carper, Committee on and others Economic Development Environment and Public Act of 1965 to update Works, with an and expand Federal amendment in the nature economic development of a substitute. (No investment in the written report.) economic recovery, resiliency, and competitiveness of communities, regions, and States across the United States, and for other purposes. 346 H.R. 886 An act to amend the Save Mar. 12, 2024.--Placed on Our Seas 2.0 Act to the calendar. improve the administration of the Marine Debris Foundation, to amend the Marine Debris Act to improve the administration of the Marine Debris Program of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and for other purposes. 349 H.R. 7024 An act to make Mar. 21, 2024.--Read the improvements to the second time and placed child tax credit, to on the calendar. provide tax incentives to promote economic growth, to provide special rules for the taxation of certain residents of Taiwan with income from sources within the United States, to provide tax relief with respect to certain Federal disasters, to make improvements to the low-income housing tax credit, and for other purposes. 351 S.J. Res. 67 Joint resolution to Apr. 8, 2024.--Read the Senator Lee provide for related second time and placed procedures concerning on the calendar. the articles of impeachment against Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security. [[Page 55]] 352 S.J. Res. 68 Joint resolution Apr. 8, 2024.--Read the Senator Lee providing for the second time and placed issuance of a summons, on the calendar. providing for the appointment of a committee to receive and to report evidence, and establishing related procedures concerning the articles of impeachment against Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas. 353 S.J. Res. 69 Joint resolution to Apr. 8, 2024.--Read the Senator Lee provide for related second time and placed procedures concerning on the calendar. the articles of impeachment against Alejandro Nicholas Mayorkas, Secretary of Homeland Security. 354 S. 2581 A bill to extend the Apr. 8, 2024.--Senator Senator Crapo Secure Rural Schools Manchin, Committee on and others and Community Self- Energy and Natural Determination Act of Resources, with an 2000. amendment in the nature of a substitute. (Rept. 163.) 355 S. 1118 A bill to establish the Apr. 9, 2024.--Senator Senators Open Access Manchin, Committee on Cortez Masto Evapotranspiration Energy and Natural and (OpenET) Data Program. Resources, with an Hickenlooper amendment in the nature of a substitute, and an amendment to the title. (Rept. 164.) 356 S. 1662 A bill to direct the Apr. 9, 2024.--Senator Senators Secretary of the Manchin, Committee on Barrasso and Interior to convey to Energy and Natural Lummis the Midvale Irrigation Resources, with an District the Pilot amendment in the nature Butte Power Plant in of a substitute. (Rept. the State of Wyoming, 165.) and for other purposes. 357 S. 1955 A bill to amend the Apr. 9, 2024.--Senator Senators Lee Central Utah Project Manchin, Committee on and Romney Completion Act to Energy and Natural authorize expenditures Resources, with an for the conduct of amendment. (Rept. 166.) certain water conservation measures in the Great Salt Lake basin, and for other purposes. [[Page 56]] 358 S. 2247 A bill to reauthorize the Apr. 9, 2024.--Senator Senator Bureau of Reclamation Manchin, Committee on Hickenlooper to provide cost-shared Energy and Natural and others funding to implement Resources, with the endangered and amendments. (Rept. threatened fish 167.) recovery programs for the Upper Colorado and San Juan River Basins. 360 H.R. 1829 An act to require the Apr. 10, 2024.--Placed on Secretary of the calendar. (See also Agriculture to convey Order No. 296.) the Pleasant Valley Ranger District Administrative Site to Gila County, Arizona. 366 S. 3738 A bill to reauthorize the May 2, 2024.--Senator Senator Great Lakes Restoration Carper, Committee on Stabenow and Initiative, and for Environment and Public others other purposes. Works, without amendment. (No written report.) 368 S. 618 A bill to establish the May 7, 2024.--Senator Senator Coons United States Cardin, Committee on and others Foundation for Foreign Relations, with International an amendment in the Conservation to promote nature of a substitute. long-term management of (No written report.) protected and conserved areas, and for other purposes. 369 S. 1651 A bill to encourage May 7, 2024.--Senator Senator increased trade and Cardin, Committee on Shaheen and investment between the Foreign Relations, with others United States and the an amendment in the countries in the nature of a substitute. Western Balkans, and (No written report.) for other purposes. 370 S. 1829 A bill to impose May 7, 2024.--Senator Senator Rubio sanctions with respect Cardin, Committee on and others to persons engaged in Foreign Relations, with the import of petroleum an amendment in the from the Islamic nature of a substitute. Republic of Iran, and (No written report.) for other purposes. 371 S. 1881 A bill to reauthorize and May 7, 2024.--Senator Senator Rubio amend the Nicaraguan Cardin, Committee on and others Investment Foreign Relations, with Conditionality Act of an amendment in the 2018 and the nature of a substitute. Reinforcing Nicaragua's (No written report.) Adherence to Conditions for Electoral Reform Act of 2021, and for other purposes. [[Page 57]] 372 S. 2336 A bill to address the May 7, 2024.--Senator Senator threat from the Cardin, Committee on Menendez and development of Iran's Foreign Relations, with others ballistic missile an amendment in the program and the nature of a substitute. transfer or deployment (No written report.) of Iranian missiles and related goods and technology, including materials and equipment, and for other purposes. 373 S. 2626 A bill to impose May 7, 2024.--Senator Senator Rubio sanctions with respect Cardin, Committee on and others to the Supreme Leader Foreign Relations, with of Iran and the an amendment in the President of Iran and nature of a substitute. their respective (No written report.) offices for human rights abuses and support for terrorism. 374 S. 3235 A bill to require a May 7, 2024.--Senator Senator Risch strategy to counter the Cardin, Committee on and others role of the People's Foreign Relations, with Republic of China in an amendment in the evasion of sanctions nature of a substitute. imposed by the United (No written report.) States with respect to Iran, and for other purposes. 375 S. 3854 A bill to combat May 7, 2024.--Senator Senators transnational Cardin, Committee on Cardin and repression abroad, to Foreign Relations, with Wicker strengthen tools to an amendment in the combat nature of a substitute. authoritarianism, (No written report.) corruption, and kleptocracy, to invest in democracy research and development, and for other purposes. 376 S. 3874 A bill to impose May 7, 2024.--Senator Senators Rubio sanctions with respect Cardin, Committee on and Rosen to foreign support for Foreign Relations, with terrorist organizations an amendment in the in Gaza and the West nature of a substitute. Bank, and for other (No written report.) purposes. 377 S. Res. 357 Resolution recognizing May 7, 2024.--Senator Senator Cruz the formation of the Cardin, Committee on and others Alliance for Foreign Relations, Development in without amendment, and Democracy and urging with a preamble. (No the United States to written report.) pursue deeper ties with its member countries. [[Page 58]] 379 S. Res. 505 Resolution condemning the May 7, 2024.--Senator Senator use of sexual violence Cardin, Committee on Shaheen and and rape as a weapon of Foreign Relations, others war by the terrorist without amendment, and group Hamas against the with a preamble. (No people of Israel. written report.) 381 S. 1560 A bill to require the May 9, 2024.--Senator Senator Hawley development of a Peters, Committee on and others comprehensive rural Homeland Security and hospital cybersecurity Governmental Affairs, workforce development with an amendment in strategy, and for other the nature of a purposes. substitute. (Rept. 170.) 382 S. 1835 A bill to require the May 9, 2024.--Senator Senators Cybersecurity and Peters, Committee on Peters and Infrastructure Security Homeland Security and Cassidy Agency of the Governmental Affairs, Department of Homeland with an amendment in Security to develop a the nature of a campaign program to substitute. (Rept. raise awareness 171.) regarding the importance of cybersecurity in the United States. 383 S. 2032 A bill to require the May 9, 2024.--Senator Senators reduction of the Peters, Committee on Hassan and reliance and Homeland Security and Cornyn expenditures of the Governmental Affairs, Federal Government on with an amendment in legacy information the nature of a technology systems, and substitute. (Rept. for other purposes. 172.) 384 S. 2150 A bill to establish an May 9, 2024.--Senator Senators Reed Interagency Council on Peters, Committee on and Young Service to promote and Homeland Security and strengthen Governmental Affairs, opportunities for with an amendment in military service, the nature of a national service, and substitute. (Rept. public service for all 173.) people of the United States, and for other purposes. 385 S. 3029 A bill to amend title 5, May 9, 2024.--Senator Senator Sinema United States Code, to Peters, Committee on and others increase death Homeland Security and gratuities and funeral Governmental Affairs, allowances for Federal with an amendment. employees, and for (Rept. 174.) other purposes. [[Page 59]] 386 H.R. 7109 An act to require a May 14, 2024.--Read the citizenship question on second time and placed the decennial census, on the calendar. to require reporting on certain census statistics, and to modify apportionment of Representatives to be based on United States citizens instead of all individuals 388 S. 2770 A bill to prohibit the May 15, 2024.--Senator Senator distribution of Klobuchar, Committee on Klobuchar and materially deceptive Rules and others AI-generated audio or Administration, with an visual media relating amendment in the nature to candidates for of a substitute. (No Federal office, and for written report.) other purposes. 389 S. 3875 A bill to amend the May 15, 2024.--Senator Senators Federal Election Klobuchar, Committee on Klobuchar and Campaign Act of 1971 to Rules and Murkowski provide further Administration, with an transparency for the amendment in the nature use of content that is of a substitute. (No substantially generated written report.) by artificial intelligence in political advertisements by requiring such advertisements to include a statement within the contents of the advertisements if generative AI was used to generate any image, audio, or video footage in the advertisements, and for other purposes. 390 S. 3897 A bill to require the May 15, 2024.--Senator Senators Election Assistance Klobuchar, Committee on Klobuchar and Commission to develop Rules and Collins voluntary guidelines Administration, with an for the administration amendment in the nature of elections that of a substitute. (No address the use and written report.) risks of artificial intelligence technologies, and for other purposes. 391 S. 594 A bill to require the May 16, 2024.--Senator Senators Secretary of Manchin, Committee on Heinrich and Agriculture and the Energy and Natural Daines Secretary of the Resources, with an Interior to prioritize amendment in the nature the completion of the of a substitute. (Rept. Continental Divide 175.) National Scenic Trail, and for other purposes. [[Page 60]] 392 S. 636 A bill to establish the May 16, 2024.--Senator Senators Dolores River National Manchin, Committee on Bennet and Conservation Area and Energy and Natural Hickenlooper the Dolores River Resources, with Special Management Area amendments. (Rept. in the State of 176.) Colorado, to protect private water rights in the State, and for other purposes. 393 S. 2615 A bill to amend the May 16, 2024.--Senator Senators Alaska Native Claims Manchin, Committee on Murkowski and Settlement Act to Energy and Natural Sullivan provide that Village Resources, without Corporations shall not amendment. (Rept. 177.) be required to convey land in trust to the State of Alaska for the establishment of Municipal Corporations, and for other purposes. 394 S. 3045 A bill to provide for the May 16, 2024.--Senator Senator transfer of Manchin, Committee on Padilla administrative Energy and Natural jurisdiction over Resources, with an certain Federal land in amendment. (Rept. 178.) the State of California, and for other purposes. 395 S. 3046 A bill to make permanent May 16, 2024.--Senator Senator the authority to Manchin, Committee on Padilla collect Shasta-Trinity Energy and Natural National Forest marina Resources, without fees. amendment. (Rept. 179.) 396 S. 1979 A bill to amend title 9 May 16, 2024.--Senator Senator of the United States Durbin, Committee on Gillibrand and Code with respect to the Judiciary, without others arbitration of disputes amendment. (No written involving age report.) discrimination. 397 S. 4361 A bill making emergency May 20, 2024.--Read the Senator Murphy supplemental second time and placed appropriations for on the calendar. border security and combatting fentanyl for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, and for other purposes. 398 H.R. 8369 An act to provide for the May 21, 2024.--Read the expeditious delivery of second time and placed defense articles and on the calendar. defense services for Israel and other matters. [[Page 61]] 400 S. 4381 A bill to protect an May 22, 2024.--Read the Senator Markey individual's ability to second time and placed and others access contraceptives on the calendar. and to engage in contraception and to protect a health care provider's ability to provide contraceptives, contraception, and information related to contraception. 402 S. 3564 A bill to amend title 40, May 22, 2024.--Senator Senator United States Code, to Carper, Committee on Padilla and include Indian Tribes Environment and Public others among entities that may Works, without receive Federal surplus amendment. (No written real property for report.) certain purposes, and for other purposes. 403 S. 3880 A bill to amend the May 22, 2024.--Senator Senators Federal Assets Sale and Carper, Committee on Cramer and Transfer Act of 2016 to Environment and Public Kelly make improvements to Works, with an that Act, and for other amendment in the nature purposes. of a substitute. (No written report.) 404 S. 4359 A bill to amend the May 22, 2024.--Senator Senators National Dam Safety Carper, Committee on Padilla and Program Act to Environment and Public Cramer reauthorize that Act, Works, without and for other purposes. amendment. (No written report.) 405 H.R. 4688 An act to direct the May 22, 2024.--Senator Administrator of Carper, Committee on General Services to Environment and Public sell the property known Works, with an as the Webster School. amendment in the nature of a substitute. (No written report.) 406 S. 3772 A bill to amend the Small May 23, 2024.--Senator Senator Risch Business Act to require Shaheen, Committee on and others that plain writing Small Business and statements regarding Entrepreneurship, the solicitation of without amendment. (No subcontractors be written report.) included in certain subcontracting plans, and for other purposes. [[Page 62]] 407 S. 3971 A bill to amend the Small May 23, 2024.--Senator Senators Coons Business Act to require Shaheen, Committee on and Kennedy reporting on additional Small Business and information with Entrepreneurship, with respect to small an amendment in the business concerns owned nature of a substitute. and controlled by (No written report.) women, qualified HUBZone small business concerns, and small business concerns owned and controlled by veterans, and for other purposes. 408 S. 4414 A bill to improve the May 23, 2024.--Senator Senator State Trade Expansion Shaheen, Committee on Shaheen Program of the Small Small Business and Business Entrepreneurship, Administration. without amendment. (An original bill.) (No written report.) 409 H.R. 7987 An act to require plain May 23, 2024.--Senator language and the Shaheen, Committee on inclusion of key words Small Business and in covered notices that Entrepreneurship, are clear, concise, and without amendment. (No accessible to small written report.) business concerns, and for other purposes. 410 S. 4293 A bill to designate the June 3, 2024.--Senator Senator United States Carper, Committee on McConnell courthouse annex Environment and Public located at 310 South Works, without Main Street in London, amendment. (No written Kentucky, as the report.) ``Eugene E. Siler, Jr. United States Courthouse Annex''. 412 S. 4443 A bill to authorize June 3, 2024.--Senator Senator Warner appropriations for Warner, Committee on fiscal year 2025 for Intelligence, without intelligence and amendment. (An original intelligence-related bill.) (Rept. 181.) activities of the (Additional views United States filed.) Government, the Intelligence Community Management Account, and the Central Intelligence Agency Retirement and Disability System, and for other purposes. 413 S. 4445 A bill to protect and June 4, 2024.--Read the Senator expand nationwide second time and placed Duckworth and access to fertility on the calendar. others treatment, including in vitro fertilization. [[Page 63]] 414 H.R. 192 An act to prohibit June 4, 2024.--Read the individuals who are not second time and placed citizens of the United on the calendar. States from voting in elections in the District of Columbia and to repeal the Local Resident Voting Rights Amendment Act of 2022. 415 S. 930 A bill to amend the June 5, 2024.--Senator Senator Omnibus Crime Control Durbin, Committee on Klobuchar and and Safe Streets Act of the Judiciary, with an others 1968 to provide public amendment in the nature safety officer benefits of a substitute. (No for exposure-related written report.) cancers, and for other purposes. 416 S. 3335 A bill to amend the June 5, 2024.--Senator Senator Omnibus Crime Control Durbin, Committee on Klobuchar and and Safe Streets Act of the Judiciary, with an others 1968 to establish a amendment in the nature grant program to help of a substitute. (No law enforcement written report.) agencies with civilian law enforcement tasks, and for other purposes. 418 S. 4447 A bill to allow women June 5, 2024.--Read the Senator Ernst greater access to safe second time and placed and others and effective oral on the calendar. contraceptive drugs intended for routine use, and to direct the Comptroller General of the United States to conduct a study on Federal funding of contraceptive methods. 419 S. 4541 A bill to amend the June 17, 2024.--Read the Senator Internal Revenue Code second time and placed Schmitt of 1986 to make certain on the calendar. provisions with respect to qualified ABLE programs permanent. 420 S. 4554 A bill to express support June 18, 2024.--Read the Senator Murray for protecting access second time and placed and others to reproductive health on the calendar. care after the Dobbs v. Jackson decision on June 24, 2022. [[Page 64]] 421 S. 1254 A bill to designate and June 18, 2024.--Senator Senator Murray expand wilderness areas Manchin, Committee on in Olympic National Energy and Natural Forest in the State of Resources, with an Washington, and to amendment. (Rept. 184.) designate certain rivers in Olympic National Forest and Olympic National Park as wild and scenic rivers, and for other purposes. 422 S. 1348 A bill to redesignate June 18, 2024.--Senator Senators land within certain Manchin, Committee on Barrasso and wilderness study areas Energy and Natural Lummis in the State of Resources, with an Wyoming, and for other amendment in the nature purposes. of a substitute. (Rept. 185.) 423 S. 3679 A bill to reauthorize the June 18, 2024.--Senator Senator Kaine Dr. Lorna Breen Health Sanders, Committee on and others Care Provider Health, Education, Protection Act, and for Labor, and Pensions, other purposes. with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. (No written report.) 424 S. 3765 A bill to amend the June 18, 2024.--Senator Senator Casey Public Health Service Sanders, Committee on and others Act to reauthorize the Health, Education, Emergency Medical Labor, and Pensions, Services for Children without amendment. (No program. written report.) 425 S. 3775 A bill to amend the June 18, 2024.--Senator Senator Public Health Service Sanders, Committee on Collins and Act to reauthorize the Health, Education, others BOLD Infrastructure for Labor, and Pensions, Alzheimer's Act, and with an amendment in for other purposes. the nature of a substitute. (No written report.) 426 S. 4045 A bill to require a study June 18, 2024.--Senator Senator Vance on public health Sanders, Committee on and others impacts as a Health, Education, consequence of the Labor, and Pensions, February 3, 2023, train with an amendment in derailment in East the nature of a Palestine, Ohio. substitute. (No written report.) [[Page 65]] 427 S. 4325 A bill to amend the June 18, 2024.--Senator Senators Public Health Service Sanders, Committee on Collins and Act to reauthorize the Health, Education, Baldwin program relating to Labor, and Pensions, lifespan respite care, without amendment. (No and for other purposes. written report.) 429 S. 3757 A bill to reauthorize the June 18, 2024.--Senator Senator Durbin congenital heart Sanders, Committee on and others disease research, Health, Education, surveillance, and Labor, and Pensions, awareness program of with an amendment in the Centers for Disease the nature of a Control and Prevention, substitute. (No written and for other purposes. report.) 431 S. 4036 A bill to establish a July 8, 2024.--Senator Senators Government Spending Peters, Committee on Peters and Oversight Committee Homeland Security and Romney within the Council of Governmental Affairs, the Inspectors General with an amendment in on Integrity and the nature of a Efficiency, and for substitute. (Rept. other purposes. 186.) 432 S. 1723 A bill to establish the July 8, 2024.--Senator Senator Warren Truth and Healing Schatz, Committee on and others Commission on Indian Indian Affairs, with an Boarding School amendment in the nature Policies in the United of a substitute. (Rept. States, and for other 187.) purposes. 433 S. 4638 A bill to authorize July 8, 2024.--Senator Senator Reed appropriations for Reed, Committee on fiscal year 2025 for Armed Services, without military activities of amendment. (An original the Department of bill.) (Rept. 188.) Defense, for military (Additional views construction, and for filed.) defense activities of the Department of Energy, to prescribe military personnel strengths for such fiscal year, and for other purposes. 434 S. 3044 A bill to redesignate the July 10, 2024.--Senator Senators Mount Evans Wilderness Manchin, Committee on Hickenlooper as the ``Mount Blue Sky Energy and Natural and Bennet Wilderness'', and for Resources, without other purposes. amendment. (Rept. 189.) [[Page 66]] 435 S. 4677 A bill making July 11, 2024.--Senator Senator Sinema appropriations for Sinema, Committee on military construction, Appropriations, without the Department of amendment. (An original Veterans Affairs, and bill.) (Rept. 191.) related agencies for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2025, and for other purposes. 436 S. 4678 A bill making July 11, 2024.--Senator Senator Reed appropriations for the Reed, Committee on Legislative Branch for Appropriations, without the fiscal year ending amendment. (An original September 30, 2025, and bill.) (Rept. 192.) for other purposes. 437 S. 4690 A bill making July 11, 2024.--Senator Senator appropriations for Heinrich, Committee on Heinrich Agriculture, Rural Appropriations, without Development, Food and amendment. (An original Drug Administration, bill.) (Rept. 193.) and Related Agencies for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2025, and for other purposes. 438 S. 4727 A bill to amend title 5, July 23, 2024.--Read the Senator United States Code, to second time and placed Schmitt and clarify the nature of on the calendar. others judicial review of agency interpretations of statutory and regulatory provisions. 439 H.R. 8281 An act to amend the July 23, 2024.--Read the National Voter second time and placed Registration Act of on the calendar. 1993 to require proof of United States citizenship to register an individual to vote in elections for Federal office, and for other purposes. 440 H.R. 5473 An act to amend certain July 23, 2024.--Senator laws relating to Peters, Committee on disaster recovery and Homeland Security and relief with respect to Governmental Affairs, the implementation of with an amendment in building codes, and for the nature of a other purposes. substitute. (Rept. 194.) [[Page 67]] 441 H.R. 6249 An act to provide for a July 23, 2024.--Senator review and report on Peters, Committee on the assistance and Homeland Security and resources that the Governmental Affairs, Administrator of the without amendment. Federal Emergency (Rept. 195.) Management Agency provides to individuals with disabilities and the families of such individuals that are impacted by major disasters, and for other purposes. 442 H.J. Res. 165 Joint resolution July 23, 2024.--Placed on providing for the calendar. congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Education relating to ``Nondiscrimination on the Basis of Sex in Education Programs or Activities Receiving Federal Financial Assistance''. 443 S. 3033 A bill to withdraw July 23, 2024.--Senator Senators certain Federal land in Manchin, Committee on Heinrich and the Pecos Watershed Energy and Natural Lujan area of the State of Resources, without New Mexico from mineral amendment. (Rept. 196.) entry, and for other purposes. 444 S. 4795 A bill making July 25, 2024.--Senator Senator appropriations for the Shaheen, Committee on Shaheen Departments of Commerce Appropriations, without and Justice, Science, amendment. (An original and Related Agencies bill.) (Rept. 198.) for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2025, and for other purposes. 445 S. 4796 A bill making July 25, 2024.--Senator Senator Schatz appropriations for the Schatz, Committee on Departments of Appropriations, without Transportation, and amendment. (An original Housing and Urban bill.) (Rept. 199.) Development, and related agencies for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2025, and for other purposes. [[Page 68]] 446 S. 4797 A bill making July 25, 2024.--Senator Senator Coons appropriations for the Coons, Committee on Department of State, Appropriations, without foreign operations, and amendment. (An original related programs for bill.) (Rept. 200.) the fiscal year ending September 30, 2025, and for other purposes. 447 S. 4802 A bill making July 25, 2024.--Senator Senator appropriations for the Merkley, Committee on Merkley Department of the Appropriations, without Interior, environment, amendment. (An original and related agencies bill.) (Rept. 201.) for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2025, and for other purposes. 448 S. 1524 A bill to ensure that July 29, 2024.--Senator Senators whistleblowers, Peters, Committee on Peters and including contractors, Homeland Security and Braun are protected from Governmental Affairs, retaliation when a with an amendment in Federal employee orders the nature of a a reprisal, and for substitute. (Rept. other purposes. 202.) 449 S. 4853 A bill to prohibit the July 31, 2024.--Read the Senators Lee Federal Communications second time and placed and Budd Commission from on the calendar. promulgating or enforcing rules regarding disclosure of artificial intelligence-generated content in political advertisements. 450 S. 4921 A bill making Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator Senator Tester appropriations for the Tester, Committee on Department of Defense Appropriations, without for the fiscal year amendment. (An original ending September 30, bill.) (Rept. 204.) 2025, and for other purposes. 451 S. 2546 A bill to designate the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator Senators facility of the United Peters, Committee on Sinema and States Postal Service Homeland Security and Kelly located at 100 North Governmental Affairs, Taylor Lane in without amendment. (No Patagonia, Arizona, as written report.) the ``Jim Kolbe Memorial Post Office''. [[Page 69]] 452 S. 3946 A bill to designate the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator Senators Cruz facility of the United Peters, Committee on and Cornyn States Postal Service Homeland Security and located at 1106 Main Governmental Affairs, Street in Bastrop, without amendment. (No Texas, as the written report.) ``Sergeant Major Billy D. Waugh Post Office''. 453 S. 4077 A bill to designate the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator Senators facility of the United Peters, Committee on Padilla and States Postal Service Homeland Security and Butler located at 180 Steuart Governmental Affairs, Street in San without amendment. (No Francisco, California, written report.) as the ``Dianne Feinstein Post Office''. 454 H.R. 599 An act to designate the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator facility of the United Peters, Committee on States Postal Service Homeland Security and located at 3500 West Governmental Affairs, 6th Street, Suite 103 without amendment. (No in Los Angeles, written report.) California, as the ``Dosan Ahn Chang Ho Post Office''. 455 H.R. 1060 An act to designate the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator facility of the United Peters, Committee on States Postal Service Homeland Security and located at 1663 East Governmental Affairs, Date Place in San without amendment. (No Bernardino, California, written report.) as the ``Dr. Margaret B. Hill Post Office Building''. 456 H.R. 1098 An act to designate the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator facility of the United Peters, Committee on States Postal Service Homeland Security and located at 50 East Governmental Affairs, Derry Road in East without amendment. (No Derry, New Hampshire, written report.) as the ``Chief Edward B. Garone Post Office''. 457 H.R. 1555 An act to designate the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator facility of the United Peters, Committee on States Postal Service Homeland Security and located at 2300 Sylvan Governmental Affairs, Avenue in Modesto, without amendment. (No California, as the written report.) ``Corporal Michael D. Anderson Jr. Post Office Building''. [[Page 70]] 458 H.R. 3608 An act to designate the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator facility of the United Peters, Committee on States Postal Service Homeland Security and located at 28081 Governmental Affairs, Marguerite Parkway in without amendment. (No Mission Viejo, written report.) California, as the ``Major Megan McClung Post Office Building''. 459 H.R. 3728 An act to designate the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator facility of the United Peters, Committee on States Postal Service Homeland Security and located at 25 Governmental Affairs, Dorchester Avenue, Room without amendment. (No 1, in Boston, written report.) Massachusetts, as the ``Caroline Chang Post Office''. 460 H.R. 5476 An act to designate the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator facility of the United Peters, Committee on States Postal Service Homeland Security and located at 1077 River Governmental Affairs, Road, Suite 1, in without amendment. (No Washington Crossing, written report.) Pennsylvania, as the ``Susan C. Barnhart Post Office''. 461 H.R. 5640 An act to designate the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator facility of the United Peters, Committee on States Postal Service Homeland Security and located at 12804 Governmental Affairs, Chillicothe Road in without amendment. (No Chesterland, Ohio, as written report.) the ``Sgt. Wolfgang Kyle Weninger Post Office Building''. 462 H.R. 5712 An act to designate the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator facility of the United Peters, Committee on States Postal Service Homeland Security and located at 220 Fremont Governmental Affairs, Street in Kiel, without amendment. (No Wisconsin, as the written report.) ``Trooper Trevor J. Casper Post Office Building''. 463 H.R. 5985 An act to designate the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator facility of the United Peters, Committee on States Postal Service Homeland Security and located at 517 Seagaze Governmental Affairs, Drive in Oceanside, without amendment. (No California, as the written report.) ``Charlesetta Reece Allen Post Office Building''. [[Page 71]] 464 H.R. 6073 An act to designate the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator facility of the United Peters, Committee on States Postal Service Homeland Security and located at 9925 Governmental Affairs, Bustleton Avenue in without amendment. (No Philadelphia, written report.) Pennsylvania, as the ``Sergeant Christopher David Fitzgerald Post Office Building''. 465 H.R. 6651 An act to designate the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator facility of the United Peters, Committee on States Postal Service Homeland Security and located at 603 West 3rd Governmental Affairs, Street in Necedah, without amendment. (No Wisconsin, as the written report.) ``Sergeant Kenneth E. Murphy Post Office Building''. 466 H.R. 7192 An act to designate the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator facility of the United Peters, Committee on States Postal Service Homeland Security and located at 333 West Governmental Affairs, Broadway in Anaheim, without amendment. (No California, as the written report.) ``Dr. William I. `Bill' Kott Post Office Building''. 467 H.R. 7199 An act to designate the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator facility of the United Peters, Committee on States Postal Service Homeland Security and located at S74w16860 Governmental Affairs, Janesville Road, in without amendment. (No Muskego, Wisconsin, as written report.) the ``Colonel Hans Christian Heg Post Office''. 468 H.R. 7423 An act to designate the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator facility of the United Peters, Committee on States Postal Service Homeland Security and located at 103 Governmental Affairs, Benedette Street in without amendment. (No Rayville, Louisiana, as written report.) the ``Luke Letlow Post Office Building''. 469 S. 4927 A bill making Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator Senator Murray appropriations for Murray, Committee on energy and water Appropriations, without development and related amendment. (An original agencies for the fiscal bill.) (Rept. 205.) year ending September 30, 2025, and for other purposes. [[Page 72]] 470 S. 4928 A bill making Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator Senator Van appropriations for Van Hollen, Committee Hollen financial services and on Appropriations, general government for without amendment. (An the fiscal year ending original bill.) (Rept. September 30, 2025, and 206.) for other purposes. 471 S. 4942 A bill making Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator Senator appropriations for the Baldwin, Committee on Baldwin Departments of Labor, Appropriations, without Health and Human amendment. (An original Services, and bill.) (Rept. 207.) Education, and related agencies for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2025, and for other purposes. 472 S. 2088 A bill to direct the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator Senators Secretary of the Schatz, Committee on Rounds and Interior to complete Indian Affairs, without Thune all actions necessary amendment. (Rept. 208.) for certain land to be held in restricted fee status by the Oglala Sioux Tribe and Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe, and for other purposes. 473 S. 275 A bill to require the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator Senators Federal Communications Cantwell, Committee on Capito and Commission to establish Commerce, Science, and Klobuchar a vetting process for Transportation, with an prospective applicants amendment in the nature for high-cost universal of a substitute. (No service program written report.) funding. 474 S. 1570 A bill to amend the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator Senator Bottles and Cantwell, Committee on Duckworth and Breastfeeding Equipment Commerce, Science, and others Screening Act to Transportation, without require hygienic amendment. (No written handling of breast milk report.) and baby formula by security screening personnel of the Transportation Security Administration and personnel of private security companies providing security screening, and for other purposes. 475 S. 1956 A bill to improve the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator Senators commercialization of Cantwell, Committee on Baldwin and Federal research by Commerce, Science, and Vance domestic manufacturers, Transportation, with an and for other purposes. amendment in the nature of a substitute. (No written report.) [[Page 73]] 476 S. 2086 A bill to require the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator Senator Markey Secretary of Commerce Cantwell, Committee on and others to establish the Sea Commerce, Science, and Turtle Rescue Transportation, with an Assistance Grant amendment in the nature Program. of a substitute. (No written report.) 477 S. 2233 A bill to ban the sale of Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator Senators products with a high Cantwell, Committee on Duckworth and concentration of sodium Commerce, Science, and Vance nitrite to individuals, Transportation, with an and for other purposes. amendment in the nature of a substitute. (No written report.) 478 S. 2498 A bill to prohibit unfair Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator Senators and deceptive Cantwell, Committee on Klobuchar and advertising of prices Commerce, Science, and Moran for hotel rooms and Transportation, with an other places of short- amendment in the nature term lodging, and for of a substitute. (No other purposes. written report.) 479 S. 3277 A bill to amend the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator Senator Marine Debris Act to Cantwell, Committee on Sullivan and reauthorize the Marine Commerce, Science, and others Debris Program of the Transportation, without National Oceanic and amendment. (No written Atmospheric report.) Administration. 480 S. 3475 A bill to amend title 49, Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator Senators United States Code, to Cantwell, Committee on Peters and allow the Secretary of Commerce, Science, and Young Transportation to Transportation, without designate an authorized amendment. (No written operator of the report.) commercial driver's license information system, and for other purposes. 481 S. 3788 A bill to reauthorize the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator Senators National Landslide Cantwell, Committee on Murkowski and Preparedness Act, and Commerce, Science, and Cantwell for other purposes. Transportation, with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. (No written report.) [[Page 74]] 482 S. 3849 A bill to promote United Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator Senators States leadership in Cantwell, Committee on Warner and technical standards by Commerce, Science, and Blackburn directing the National Transportation, with an Institute of Standards amendment in the nature and Technology and the of a substitute. (No Department of State to written report.) take certain actions to encourage and enable United States participation in developing standards and specifications for artificial intelligence and other critical and emerging technologies, and for other purposes. 483 S. 3943 A bill to require a plan Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator Senator to improve the Cantwell, Committee on Padilla and cybersecurity and Commerce, Science, and others telecommunications of Transportation, without the U.S. Academic amendment. (No written Research Fleet, and for report.) other purposes. 484 S. 3959 A bill to require the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator Senator Wicker Transportation Security Cantwell, Committee on and others Administration to Commerce, Science, and streamline the Transportation, with an enrollment processes amendment in the nature for individuals of a substitute. (No applying for a written report.) Transportation Security Administration security threat assessment for certain programs, including the Transportation Worker Identification Credential and Hazardous Materials Endorsement Threat Assessment programs of the Administration, and for other purposes. 485 S. 4107 A bill to require Amtrak Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator Senators to report to Congress Cantwell, Committee on Duckworth and information on Amtrak Commerce, Science, and Capito compliance with the Transportation, with an Americans with amendment in the nature Disabilities Act of of a substitute. (No 1990 with respect to written report.) trains and stations. 486 S. 4394 A bill to support Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator Senators National Science Cantwell, Committee on Cantwell and Foundation education Commerce, Science, and Moran and professional Transportation, with an development relating to amendment in the nature artificial of a substitute. (No intelligence. written report.) [[Page 75]] 487 S. 4487 A bill to require the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator Senators Secretary of Commerce Cantwell, Committee on Cantwell and to develop artificial Commerce, Science, and Moran intelligence training Transportation, with an resources and toolkits amendment in the nature for United States small of a substitute. (No businesses, and for written report.) other purposes. 488 S. 3664 A bill to require Sept. 9, 2024.--Senator Senator Paul executive branch Peters, Committee on employees to report Homeland Security and certain royalties, and Governmental Affairs, for other purposes. with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. (Rept. 210.) 489 S. 2796 A bill to provide for the Sept. 9, 2024.--Senator Senator Mullin equitable settlement of Schatz, Committee on certain Indian land Indian Affairs, without disputes regarding land amendment. (Rept. 211.) in Illinois, and for other purposes. 490 S. 2868 A bill to accept the Sept. 9, 2024.--Senator Senators Smith request to revoke the Schatz, Committee on and Klobuchar charter of Indian Affairs, without incorporation of the amendment. (Rept. 212.) Lower Sioux Indian Community in the State of Minnesota at the request of that Community, and for other purposes. 491 S. 3594 A bill to require Sept. 9, 2024.--Senator Senators Cruz governmentwide source Peters, Committee on and Peters code sharing, and for Homeland Security and other purposes. Governmental Affairs, with an amendment in the nature of a substitute. (Rept. 213.) 492 S. 4305 A bill to improve the Sept. 9, 2024.--Senator Senators effectiveness of body Peters, Committee on Peters and armor issued to female Homeland Security and Britt agents and officers of Governmental Affairs, the Department of with an amendment in Homeland Security, and the nature of a for other purposes. substitute. (Rept. 214.) 493 S. 4698 A bill to authorize the Sept. 9, 2024.--Senator Senator Peters Joint Task Forces of Peters, Committee on the Department of Homeland Security and Homeland Security, and Governmental Affairs, for other purposes. with an amendment. (Rept. 215.) [[Page 76]] 494 S. 4973 A bill to reassert the Sept. 9, 2024.--Read the Senator constitutional second time and placed Schumer and authority of Congress on the calendar. others to determine the general applicability of the criminal laws of the United States, and for other purposes. 495 S. 2293 A bill to establish the Sept. 10, 2024.--Senator Senators Chief Artificial Peters, Committee on Peters and Intelligence Officers Homeland Security and Cornyn Council, Chief Governmental Affairs, Artificial Intelligence with an amendment in Officers, and the nature of a Artificial Intelligence substitute, and an Governance Boards, and amendment to the title. for other purposes. (Rept. 216.) 496 S. 2866 A bill to improve the Sept. 10, 2024.--Senator Senator Peters customer experience of Peters, Committee on and others the Federal Government, Homeland Security and ensure that Federal Governmental Affairs, services are simple, with an amendment in seamless, and secure, the nature of a and for other purposes. substitute. (Rept. 217.) 497 S. 3071 A bill to amend section Sept. 10, 2024.--Senator Senators 324 of the Robert T. Peters, Committee on Hassan and Stafford Disaster Homeland Security and Lankford Relief and Emergency Governmental Affairs, Assistance Act to with amendments. (Rept. incentivize States, 218.) Indian Tribes, and Territories to close disaster recovery projects by authorizing the use of excess funds for management costs for other disaster recovery projects. 498 S. 3698 A bill to amend title 11, Sept. 10, 2024.--Senator Senators Moran District of Columbia Peters, Committee on and Casey Official Code, to Homeland Security and revise references in Governmental Affairs, such title to without amendment. individuals with (Rept. 219.) intellectual disabilities. 499 S. 4035 A bill to require the Sept. 10, 2024.--Senator Senators Scott Director of the Office Peters, Committee on (FL) and of Personnel Management Homeland Security and Carper to take certain actions Governmental Affairs, with respect to the with an amendment in health insurance the nature of a program carried out substitute. (Rept. under chapter 89 of 220.) title 5, United States Code, and for other purposes. [[Page 77]] 500 S. 1889 A bill to provide for the Sept. 10, 2024.--Senator Senators recognition of certain Manchin, Committee on Murkowski and Alaska Native Energy and Natural Sullivan communities and the Resources, with an settlement of certain amendment. (Rept. 221.) claims under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act, and for other purposes. 501 S. 1890 A bill to provide for the Sept. 10, 2024.--Senator Senators Wyden establishment of a Manchin, Committee on and Merkley grazing management Energy and Natural program on Federal land Resources, with an in Malheur County, amendment in the nature Oregon, and for other of a substitute, and an purposes. amendment to the title. (Rept. 222.) [[Page 78]] [[Page 79]] [[Page 80]] [[Page 81]] ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________

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Senate Calendars for September 12, 2024 - 118th Congress, 2nd Session

United States Congress Senate

[Senate Calendars for September 12, 2024 - 118th Congress, 2nd Session] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] NOTICE OF INTENT TO OBJECT TO PROCEEDING ________________________________________________________________________ When a notice of intent to object is given to the appropriate leader, or their designee, and such notice is submitted for inclusion in the Congressional Record and the Senate Calendar of Business, or following the objection to a unanimous consent to proceeding to, and, or disposition of, a measure or matter on their behalf, it shall be placed in the section of the Calendar entitled ``Notice of Intent to Object to Proceeding''. (S. Res. 28, 112th Congress) ________________________________________________________________________ Number Title Date and Senator ________________________________________________________________________ [[Page 82]] S. 1080 A bill to amend the July 20, 2023.--Senator Controlled Substances Wyden. Act to require electronic communication service providers and remote computing services to report to the Attorney General certain controlled substances violations. S. 1199 A bill to combat the July 20, 2023.--Senator sexual exploitation of Wyden. children by supporting victims and promoting accountability and transparency by the tech industry. S. 1207 A bill to establish a July 20, 2023.--Senator National Commission on Wyden. Online Child Sexual Exploitation Prevention, and for other purposes. S. 1409 A bill to protect the Nov. 15, 2023.--Senator safety of children on Wyden. the internet. S. 595 A bill to approve the Dec. 13, 2023.--Senator settlement of water Grassley. rights claims of the Pueblos of Acoma and Laguna in the Rio San Jose Stream System and the Pueblos of Jemez and Zia in the Rio Jemez Stream System in the State of New Mexico, and for other purposes. S. 835 A bill to amend title 17, Jan. 17, 2024.--Senator United States Code, to Wyden. reaffirm the importance of, and include requirements for, works incorporated by reference into law, and for other purposes. S. 4213 A bill to prohibit users May 14, 2024.--Senator who are under age 13 Wyden. from accessing social media platforms, to prohibit the use of personalized recommendation systems on individuals under age 17, and limit the use of social media in schools. S. 3314 A bill to require certain July 10, 2024.--Senator interactive computer Wyden. services to adopt and operate technology verification measures to ensure that users of the platform are not minors, and for other purposes. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ RESOLUTIONS AND MOTIONS OVER, UNDER THE RULE ________________________________________________________________________ When objection is heard to immediate consideration of a resolution or motion when submitted, it shall be placed here, to be laid before the Senate on the next legislative day for consideration, unless by unanimous consent the Senate shall otherwise direct. (Rule XIV, Paragraph 6.) ________________________________________________________________________ ======================================================================== Number Short Title Date Submitted and Author ________________________________________________________________________ BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS READ THE FIRST TIME ________________________________________________________________________ When objection is heard to the second reading of a bill or joint resolution, that measure is then laid before the Senate during morning business of the next legislative day for the second reading. (Rule XIV, Paragraph 2.) ________________________________________________________________________ ======================================================================== Number Short Title Date and Author ________________________________________________________________________ [[Page 83]] S. Res. 7 A resolution fixing the Jan. 3, 2023.--Senator hour of daily meeting of Schumer. the Senate. S. 4973 A bill to reassert the Aug. 1, 2024.--Senator constitutional authority Schumer. of Congress to determine the general applicability of the criminal laws of the United States, and for other purposes.

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Senate Calendars for September 12, 2024 - 118th Congress, 2nd Session

United States Congress Senate

[Senate Calendars for September 12, 2024 - 118th Congress, 2nd Session] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] SUBJECTS ON THE TABLE ________________________________________________________________________ Such subjects are business, usually bills and resolutions, placed here by unanimous consent. Once business has been given this status, it is in order to move to proceed to its consideration, even though it cannot be reached by a ``call of the calendar''. ________________________________________________________________________ ======================================================================== Measure Title Date Number ________________________________________________________________________ [[Page 84]] MOTIONS FOR RECONSIDERATION ________________________________________________________________________ After an action taken by the Senate, any Senator voting with the prevailing side or who has not voted may, on the same day or on either of the next two days of actual session thereafter, either enter a motion for reconsideration or move a reconsideration. This section contains such motions not yet acted on as so provided by rule XIII, Paragraph 1. ________________________________________________________________________ ======================================================================== Date Subject ________________________________________________________________________ [[Page 85]] Apr. 26, 2023. Motion entered by Mr. Schumer to reconsider the vote by which the motion to invoke cloture on the motion to proceed to consider S. 326 was not agreed to (Roll Call Vote No. 97). Apr. 27, 2023. Motion entered by Mr. Schumer to reconsider the vote by which the motion to invoke cloture on the motion to proceed to consider S.J. Res. 4 was not agreed to (Roll Call Vote No. 99). Jun. 5, 2024. Motion entered by Mr. Schumer to reconsider the vote by which the motion to invoke cloture on the motion to proceed to consider S. 4381 was not agreed to (Roll Call Vote No. 190). Jun. 13, 2024. Motion entered by Mr. Schumer to reconsider the vote by which the motion to invoke cloture on the motion to proceed to consider S. 4445 was not agreed to (Roll Call Vote No. 197). Jul. 10, 2024. Motion entered by Mr. Schumer to reconsider the vote by which the motion to invoke cloture on the motion to proceed to consider S. 4554 was not agreed to (Roll Call Vote No. 211). Aug. 1, 2024. Motion entered by Mr. Schumer to reconsider the vote by which the motion to invoke cloture on the motion to proceed to consider H.R. 7024 was not agreed to (Roll Call Vote No. 230).

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Senate Calendars for September 12, 2024 - 118th Congress, 2nd Session

United States Congress Senate

[Senate Calendars for September 12, 2024 - 118th Congress, 2nd Session] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] BILLS IN CONFERENCE ________________________________________________________________________ Jefferson's Manual, Section XLVI: ``And in all cases of conference asked after a vote of disagreement, etc., the conferees of the House asking it are to leave the papers with the conferees of the other * * *.'' The House agreeing to the conference usually acts on the report before the House requesting a conference. ________________________________________________________________________ ======================================================================== Number Conferees Date Report and Date Brief Title Agreed to Conferees ______________________________ _______________ Appointed Senate House Senate House ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________

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Senate Calendars for September 12, 2024 - 118th Congress, 2nd Session

United States Congress Senate

[Senate Calendars for September 12, 2024 - 118th Congress, 2nd Session] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] [[Page 86]] STATUS OF APPROPRIATION BILLS, FIRST SESSION, ONE HUNDRED EIGHTEENTH CONGRESS [[Page 87]] ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- reported or conference report received in placed on sent to agreed to became public measure number short title passed house senate calendar in passed senate confer- ------------------------ law law senate ence senate house number ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- S. 2127........................ Military Construction, VA, 2024................................................... * * * * * * 6-22-23 .............. .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... S. 2131........................ Agriculture, 2024................................................................. * * * * * * 6-22-23 .............. .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... S. 2302........................ Legislative Branch, 2024.......................................................... * * * * * * 7-13-23 .............. .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... S. 2309........................ Financial Services, General Government, 2024...................................... * * * * * * 7-13-23 .............. .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... S. 2321........................ Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies, 2024............................ * * * * * * 7-13-23 .............. .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... S. 2437........................ Transportation, Housing, and Urban Development, 2024.............................. * * * * * * 7-20-23 .............. .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... S. 2438........................ State, Foreign Ops, 2024.......................................................... * * * * * * 7-20-23 .............. .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... S. 2443........................ Energy and Water Development, 2024................................................ * * * * * * 7-20-23 .............. .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... S. 2587........................ Defense, 2024..................................................................... * * * * * * 7-27-23 .............. .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... S. 2605........................ Interior, 2024.................................................................... * * * * * * 7-27-23 .............. .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... S. 2624........................ Labor, HHS, Education, 2024....................................................... * * * * * * 7-27-23 .............. .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... S. 2625........................ Homeland Security, 2024........................................................... * * * * * * 7-27-23 .............. .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... H.R. 4366...................... Military Construction, VA, 2024................................................... 7-27-23 9-5-23 9-5-23 11-1-23 .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... H.R. 5860...................... Continuing and Other Extensions, 2024............................................. 9-30-23 9-30-23 * * * 9-30-23 .......... .......... .......... 9-30-23 118-15 H.R. 5692...................... Supplemental, 2024................................................................ 9-28-23 9-30-23 10-3-23 .............. .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... H.R. 4665...................... State, Foreign Ops, 2024.......................................................... 9-28-23 10-3-23 10-3-23 .............. .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... H.R. 4365...................... Defense, 2024..................................................................... 9-28-23 10-16-23 10-16-23 .............. .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... H.R.4394(\1\).................. Energy and Water Development, 2024................................................ 10-26-23 11-1-23 11-1-23 .............. .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... H.R. 4364...................... Legislative Branch, 2024.......................................................... 11-1-23 11-2-23 11-2-23 .............. .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... H.R. 6126...................... Emergency Supplemental, 2024...................................................... 11-2-23 11-6-23 11-7-23 .............. .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... H.R. 4821...................... Interior, 2024.................................................................... 11-3-23 11-7-23 11-7-23 .............. .......... .......... .......... .......... ......... H.R. 6363...................... Further Continuing, 2024.......................................................... 11-14-23 11-14-23 11-14-23 11-15-23 .......... .......... .......... 11-17-23 118-22 H.R. 21........................ Consolidated Appropriations, 2019................................................. 1-3-19 1-4-19 1-8-19 * * * .......... .......... .......... .......... deg.

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:20.544157

BILLS

BILLS-118hr9397ih

Citizen-Only Police Act of 2024; COP Act of 2024

United States Congress House of Representatives

[Congressional Bills 118th Congress] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] [H.R. 9397 Introduced in House (IH)] <DOC> 118th CONGRESS 2d Session H. R. 9397 To prohibit Federal funds from being made available to any law enforcement agency that employs an alien as a law enforcement officer, and for other purposes. _______________________________________________________________________ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES August 23, 2024 Mrs. Cammack introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary _______________________________________________________________________ A BILL To prohibit Federal funds from being made available to any law enforcement agency that employs an alien as a law enforcement officer, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the ``Citizen-Only Police Act of 2024'' or the ``COP Act of 2024''. SEC. 2. PROHIBITION ON AVAILABILITY OF FEDERAL FUNDS. No Federal funds may be made available to any law enforcement agency that employs an alien as a law enforcement officer. <all>

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:29.746231

BILLS

BILLS-118hr8812rh

Water Resources Development Act of 2024

United States Congress House of Representatives

[Congressional Bills 118th Congress] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] [H.R. 8812 Reported in House (RH)] <DOC> Union Calendar No. 487 118th CONGRESS 2d Session H. R. 8812 [Report No. 118-587] To provide for improvements to the rivers and harbors of the United States, to provide for the conservation and development of water and related resources, and for other purposes. _______________________________________________________________________ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES June 25, 2024 Mr. Graves of Missouri (for himself, Mr. Larsen of Washington, Mr. Rouzer, and Mrs. Napolitano) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure July 18, 2024 Reported with an amendment, committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union, and ordered to be printed [Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed in italic] [For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on June 25, 2024] _______________________________________________________________________ A BILL To provide for improvements to the rivers and harbors of the United States, to provide for the conservation and development of water and related resources, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Water Resources Development Act of 2024''. (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act is as follows: Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents. Sec. 2. Secretary defined. TITLE I--GENERAL PROVISIONS Sec. 101. Continuing authority programs. Sec. 102. Community project advisor. Sec. 103. Minimum real estate interest. Sec. 104. Study of water resources development projects by non-Federal interests. Sec. 105. Construction of water resources development projects by non- Federal interests. Sec. 106. Review process. Sec. 107. Electronic submission and tracking of permit applications. Sec. 108. Vertical integration and acceleration of studies. Sec. 109. Systemwide improvement framework and encroachments. Sec. 110. Fish and wildlife mitigation. Sec. 111. Harbor deepening. Sec. 112. Emerging harbors. Sec. 113. Remote and subsistence harbors. Sec. 114. Additional projects for underserved community harbors. Sec. 115. Inland waterways regional dredge pilot program. Sec. 116. Dredged material disposal facility partnerships. Sec. 117. Maximization of beneficial use. Sec. 118. Economic, hydraulic, and hydrologic modeling. Sec. 119. Forecast-informed reservoir operations. Sec. 120. Updates to certain water control manuals. Sec. 121. Water supply mission. Sec. 122. Real estate administrative fees. Sec. 123. Challenge cost-sharing program for management of recreation facilities. Sec. 124. Retention of recreation fees. Sec. 125. Databases of Corps recreational sites. Sec. 126. Services of volunteers. Sec. 127. Nonrecreation outgrant policy. Sec. 128. Improvements to National Dam Safety Program. Sec. 129. Rehabilitation of Corps of Engineers constructed dams. Sec. 130. Treatment of projects in covered communities. Sec. 131. Ability to pay. Sec. 132. Tribal partnership program. Sec. 133. Funding to process permits. Sec. 134. Project studies subject to independent external peer review. Sec. 135. Control of aquatic plant growths and invasive species. Sec. 136. Remote operations at Corps dams. Sec. 137. Harmful algal bloom demonstration program. Sec. 138. Support of Army civil works missions. Sec. 139. National coastal mapping program. Sec. 140. Watershed and river basin assessments. Sec. 141. Removal of abandoned vessels. Sec. 142. Corrosion prevention. Sec. 143. Missouri River existing features protection. Sec. 144. Federal breakwaters and jetties. Sec. 145. Temporary relocation assistance pilot program. Sec. 146. Easements for hurricane and storm damage reduction projects. Sec. 147. Shoreline and riverine protection and restoration. Sec. 148. Sense of Congress related to water data. Sec. 149. Sense of Congress relating to comprehensive benefits. Sec. 150. Reporting and oversight. Sec. 151. Sacramento River watershed Native American site and cultural resource protection pilot program. Sec. 152. Emergency drought operations pilot program. Sec. 153. Report on minimum real estate interest. Sec. 154. Levee Owners Board. Sec. 155. Definition. TITLE II--STUDIES AND REPORTS Sec. 201. Authorization of proposed feasibility studies. Sec. 202. Expedited completion. Sec. 203. Expedited modification of existing feasibility studies. Sec. 204. Corps of Engineers reports. Sec. 205. GAO studies. Sec. 206. Annual report on harbor maintenance needs and trust fund expenditures. Sec. 207. Examination of reduction of microplastics. Sec. 208. Post-disaster watershed assessment for impacted areas. Sec. 209. Upper Barataria Basin and Morganza to the Gulf of Mexico Connection, Louisiana. Sec. 210. Upper Mississippi River System Flood Risk and Resiliency Study. Sec. 211. New Jersey hot spot erosion mitigation. Sec. 212. Oceanside, California. Sec. 213. Coastal Washington. Sec. 214. Cherryfield Dam, Narraguagus River, Maine. Sec. 215. Poor Farm Pond Dam, Worcester, Massachusetts. Sec. 216. National Academy of Sciences study on Upper Rio Grande Basin. Sec. 217. Chambers, Galveston, and Harris Counties, Texas. Sec. 218. Sea sparrow accounting. Sec. 219. Wilson Lock floating guide wall, Alabama. Sec. 220. Algiers Canal Levees, Louisiana. TITLE III--DEAUTHORIZATIONS AND MODIFICATIONS Sec. 301. Deauthorization of inactive projects. Sec. 302. General reauthorizations. Sec. 303. Conveyances. Sec. 304. Lakes program. Sec. 305. Maintenance of navigation channels. Sec. 306. Asset divestiture. Sec. 307. Upper Mississippi River restoration program. Sec. 308. Coastal community flood control and other purposes. Sec. 309. Shore protection and restoration. Sec. 310. Hopper dredge McFarland replacement. Sec. 311. Acequias irrigation systems. Sec. 312. Pacific region. Sec. 313. Selma, Alabama. Sec. 314. Barrow, Alaska. Sec. 315. San Francisco Bay, California. Sec. 316. Santa Ana River Mainstem, California. Sec. 317. Faulkner Island, Connecticut. Sec. 318. Broadkill Beach, Delaware. Sec. 319. Federal Triangle Area, Washington, District of Columbia. Sec. 320. Washington Aqueduct. Sec. 321. Washington Metropolitan Area, Washington, District of Columbia, Maryland, and Virginia. Sec. 322. Northern estuaries ecosystem restoration, Florida. Sec. 323. New Savannah Bluff Lock and Dam, Georgia and South Carolina. Sec. 324. Dillard Road, Patoka Lake, Indiana. Sec. 325. Larose to Golden Meadow, Louisiana. Sec. 326. Morganza to the Gulf of Mexico, Louisiana. Sec. 327. Port Fourchon Belle Pass Channel, Louisiana. Sec. 328. Upper St. Anthony Falls Lock and Dam, Minnesota. Sec. 329. Missouri River levee system, Missouri. Sec. 330. Table Rock Lake, Missouri and Arkansas. Sec. 331. Missouri River mitigation, Missouri, Kansas, Iowa, and Nebraska. Sec. 332. New York and New Jersey Harbor and Tributaries, New York and New Jersey. Sec. 333. Western Lake Erie basin, Ohio, Indiana, and Michigan. Sec. 334. Willamette Valley, Oregon. Sec. 335. Columbia River Channel, Oregon and Washington. Sec. 336. Buffalo Bayou Tributaries and Resiliency study, Texas. Sec. 337. Matagorda Ship Channel Jetty Deficiency, Port Lavaca, Texas. Sec. 338. San Antonio Channel, San Antonio, Texas. Sec. 339. Western Washington State, Washington. Sec. 340. Environmental infrastructure. Sec. 341. Specific deauthorizations. Sec. 342. Congressional notification of deferred payment agreement request. TITLE IV--WATER RESOURCES INFRASTRUCTURE Sec. 401. Project authorizations. Sec. 402. Facility investment. SEC. 2. SECRETARY DEFINED. In this Act, the term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary of the Army. TITLE I--GENERAL PROVISIONS SEC. 101. CONTINUING AUTHORITY PROGRAMS. (a) Pilot Program for Alternative Project Delivery for Continuing Authority Program Projects.-- (1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall implement a pilot program, in accordance with this subsection, allowing a non- Federal interest or the Secretary to carry out a project under a continuing authority program through the use of an alternative delivery method. (2) Consistency.--The Secretary shall implement the pilot program under this subsection through a single office, which shall be headed by a Director. (3) Participation in pilot program.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the Director shall-- (A) solicit project proposals from non-Federal interests by posting program information on a public- facing website and reaching out to non-Federal interests that have previously submitted project requests to the Secretary; (B) review such proposals and select projects, taking into consideration geographic diversity among the selected projects and the alternative delivery methods used for the selected projects; and (C) notify the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate of each project selected under subparagraph (B), including-- (i) identification of the project name, type, and location, and the associated non- Federal interest; (ii) a description of the type of alternative delivery method being used to carry out the project; and (iii) a description of how the project meets the authorized purposes and requirements of the applicable continuing authority program. (4) Cost share.--The Federal and non-Federal shares of the cost of a project carried out pursuant to this subsection shall be consistent with the cost share requirements of the applicable continuing authority program. (5) Modifications to processes.--With respect to a project selected under paragraph (3), the Secretary shall-- (A) allow the non-Federal interest to contribute more than the non-Federal share of the project required under the applicable continuing authority program; (B) allow the use of return on Federal investment as an alternative to benefit-cost analysis; (C) allow the use of a real estate acquisition audit process to replace existing crediting, oversight, and review processes and procedures; and (D) notwithstanding any otherwise applicable requirement of a continuing authority program, allow the use of a single contract with the non-Federal interest that incorporates the feasibility and construction phases, and may also include the operations and maintenance of the project. (6) Credit or reimbursement.-- (A) In general.--A project selected under paragraph (3) that is carried out by a non-Federal interest pursuant to this subsection shall be eligible for credit or reimbursement for the Federal share of the cost of the project if, before initiation of construction of the project-- (i) the non-Federal interest enters into a written agreement with the Secretary under section 221 of the Flood Control Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 1962d-5b), including an agreement to pay the non-Federal share of the cost of operation and maintenance of the project, consistent with the applicable continuing authority program; and (ii) the Director-- (I) reviews the plans for construction of the project developed by the non-Federal interest; (II) determines that the project meets the requirements of the applicable continuing authority program; (III) determines that the project outputs are consistent with the project scope; (IV) determines that the plans comply with applicable Federal laws and regulations; and (V) verifies that the construction documents, including supporting information, have been signed by an Engineer of Record. (B) Application of credit.--With respect to a project selected under paragraph (3), the Secretary may only apply credit under subparagraph (A) toward the non-Federal share of that project. (C) Application of reimbursement.--The Secretary may only provide reimbursement under subparagraph (A) if the Director certifies that-- (i) the non-Federal interest has obligated funds for the cost of the project selected under paragraph (3) and has requested reimbursement of the Federal share of the cost of the project; and (ii) the project has been constructed in accordance with-- (I) all applicable permits or approvals; and (II) the requirements of this subsection. (D) Monitoring.--The Director shall regularly monitor and audit any project constructed by a non- Federal interest pursuant to this subsection to ensure that-- (i) the construction is carried out in compliance with the requirements of this subsection; and (ii) the costs of construction are reasonable. (7) Evaluations and reporting.--The Director shall annually submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report on the progress and outcomes of projects carried out pursuant to this subsection, including-- (A) an assessment of whether the use of alternative delivery methods has resulted in cost savings or time efficiencies; and (B) identification of changes to laws or policies needed in order to implement more projects using alternative delivery methods. (8) Definitions.--In this subsection: (A) Alternative delivery method.--The term ``alternative delivery method'' means a project delivery method that is not the traditional design-bid- build method, including progressive design-build, public-private partnerships, and construction manager at risk. (B) Continuing authority program.--The term ``continuing authority program'' has the meaning given that term in the section 7001(c)(1)(D) of Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014 (33 U.S.C. 2282d). (C) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Director of the office through which the Secretary is implementing the pilot program under this subsection. (D) Return on federal investment.--The term ``return on Federal investment'' means, with respect to Federal investment in a water resources development project, the economic return on the investment for the Federal Government, taking into consideration qualitative returns for any anticipated life safety, risk reduction, economic growth, environmental, and social benefits accruing as a result of the investment. (9) Sunset.--The authority to commence pursuant to this subsection a project selected under paragraph (3) shall terminate on the date that is 10 years after the date of enactment of this Act. (10) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subsection $50,000,000 for each fiscal year. (b) Modifications to Continuing Authority Programs.-- (1) Delegation of decisionmaking authority.-- (A) In general.--Except with respect to a project carried out pursuant to subsection (a), the Secretary shall delegate decisionmaking authority and review of projects under a continuing authority program to the District Commander of the district of the Corps of Engineers in which the project is located. (B) Scope of authority.--Authority delegated under subparagraph (A) shall include authority related to the approval of project initiation, allocation of funds within statutory limits, and oversight of project implementation. (2) Procedure for extending cost limits.-- (A) Initial determination.--If, during the preconstruction phase of a project under a continuing authority program, the total Federal costs of the project are projected to exceed the established Federal per-project limit, the District Commander to whom authority has been delegated under paragraph (1) with respect to the project shall conduct an assessment to determine whether the project can continue to be carried out with a revised scope. (B) Transition to new feasibility study case 1.--If the District Commander determines under subparagraph (A) that a project cannot continue to be carried out with a revised scope within the existing authority for the project, and the cost of completing the project is not projected to exceed twice the applicable established per-project limit-- (i) the project may be considered a new feasibility study and shall be prioritized for investigation funds from the Secretary to minimize starts and stops on project implementation; and (ii) such transition to a new feasibility study shall require approval from the Secretary and shall include a notification to Congress. (C) Transition to new feasibility study case 2.--If the District Commander determines under subparagraph (A) that a project cannot continue to be carried out with a revised scope within the existing authority for the project, and the cost of completing the project is projected to exceed twice the applicable established per-project limit, the project may only continue as a feasibility study subject to the requirements of section 105 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2215). (D) Savings clause.--A project carried out pursuant to subparagraph (B) shall not count towards the annual program funding authorization limits for the applicable continuing authority program. (3) Continuing authority program defined.--In this subsection, the term ``continuing authority program'' has the meaning given that term in the section 7001(c)(1)(D) of Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014 (33 U.S.C. 2282d). (c) Emergency Streambank and Shoreline Protection.--Section 14 of the Flood Control Act of 1946 (33 U.S.C. 701r) is amended by striking ``$25,000,000'' and inserting ``$50,000,000''. (d) Storm and Hurricane Restoration and Impact Minimization Program.--Section 3(c) of the Act of August 13, 1946 (33 U.S.C. 426g(c)) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``$37,500,000'' and inserting ``$62,500,000''; and (2) in paragraph (2)(B), by striking ``$10,000,000'' and inserting ``$12,500,000''. (e) Small River and Harbor Improvement Projects.--Section 107(b) of the River and Harbor Act of 1960 (33 U.S.C. 577(b)) is amended by striking ``$10,000,000'' and inserting ``$12,500,000''. (f) Aquatic Ecosystem Restoration.--Section 206 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1996 (33 U.S.C. 2330) is amended-- (1) in subsection (b), by adding at the end the following: ``(3) Anadromous fish.--Notwithstanding paragraph (1), for projects carried out under subsection (a)(3), the non-Federal interest shall provide 15 percent of the cost of construction, including provision of all lands, easements, rights-of-way, and necessary relocations.''; and (2) in subsection (d), by striking ``$10,000,000'' and inserting ``$15,000,000''. (g) Removal of Obstructions; Clearing Channels.--Section 2 of the Act of August 28, 1937 (33 U.S.C. 701g) is amended by striking ``$500,000'' and inserting ``$1,000,000''. (h) Project Modifications for Improvement of Environment or Drought Resiliency.--Section 1135 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2309a) is amended-- (1) in the section heading, by inserting ``or drought resiliency'' after ``environment''; (2) in subsection (a)-- (A) by striking ``for the purpose of improving'' and inserting the following: ``for the purpose of-- ``(1) improving''; (B) in paragraph (1) (as so designated), by striking the period at the end and inserting ``; or''; and (C) by adding at the end the following: ``(2) providing drought resiliency.''; (3) in subsection (b), by striking ``(2) will improve'' and inserting ``(2) will provide for drought resilience or will improve''; (4) in subsection (d), by striking ``$10,000,000'' and inserting ``$12,500,000''; (5) in subsection (h), by striking ``$50,000,000'' and inserting ``$62,000,000''; and (6) by adding at the end the following: ``(j) Drought Resilience.--Drought resilience measures carried out under this section may include-- ``(1) water conservation measures to mitigate and address drought conditions; ``(2) removal of sediment captured behind a dam for the purpose of restoring or increasing the authorized storage capacity of the project concerned; ``(3) the planting of native plant species that will reduce the risk of drought and the incidence of nonnative species; and ``(4) other actions that increase drought resilience, water conservation, or water availability.''. (i) Small Flood Control Projects.-- (1) In general.--Section 205 of the Flood Control Act of 1948 (33 U.S.C. 701s) is amended to read as follows: ``SEC. 205. SMALL FLOOD CONTROL PROJECTS. ``(a) In General.--The Secretary shall carry out a program for the implementation, in partnership with non-Federal interests, of small structural or nonstructural projects for flood risk management, stormwater management, and related purposes not specifically authorized by Congress when in the opinion of the Chief of Engineers such work is advisable. ``(b) Cost Share.-- ``(1) Flood risk management and stormwater purposes.-- ``(A) Non-federal share.--The non-Federal share for a project implemented under this section of the costs assigned to purposes described in subsection (a) shall be 35 percent. ``(B) Requirement.--The non-Federal interest for a project implemented under this section shall pay 5 percent of the costs assigned to purposes described in subsection (a) during construction of the project. ``(2) Other purposes.--The non-Federal share for a project implemented under this section of the costs assigned to purposes not described in subsection (a) shall be consistent with the cost share requirements of section 103 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2213). ``(3) Lands.--The non-Federal interest for a project implemented under this section shall provide all lands, easements, rights-of-way, dredged material disposal areas, and perform all related necessary relocations. ``(c) Agreements.--Construction of a project under this section shall be initiated only after a non-Federal interest has entered into an agreement with the Secretary to pay-- ``(1) the non-Federal share of the costs of construction required by this section; and ``(2) 100 percent of any operation, maintenance, replacement, and rehabilitation costs associated with the project in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary. ``(d) Completeness.--A project implemented under this section shall be complete in itself and shall not commit the United States to any additional improvement for the successful operation of the project. ``(e) Flexibility in Project Design and Implementation.--The Secretary is authorized to, in coordination with the non-Federal interest for a project implemented under this section, incorporate natural features and nature-based features, water reuse and recycling practices, and other innovative stormwater management practices and techniques, including green infrastructure, permeable pavements, rain gardens, and retention basins into the project. ``(f) Consideration.--In implementing a project under this section, the Secretary shall, where appropriate, examine opportunities to include features for the reclamation, treatment, and reuse of flood water and stormwater associated with the project that will not result in-- ``(1) a determination that the project is not economically justified; or ``(2) the limitation described in subsection (h)(1) conflicting with the required Federal share of the cost of the project. ``(g) Stormwater-Related Projects.--For any project for stormwater management implemented under this section, the Secretary shall include management of stormwater that flows at a rate of less than 800 cubic feet per second for the 10-percent flood. ``(h) Funding.-- ``(1) Limitation.--Not more than $15,000,000 in Federal funds may be allocated under this section for a single project within a single specific geographic area, such as a city, town, or county. ``(2) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $90,000,000 for each fiscal year.''. (2) Effect on existing agreements.--Nothing in the amendment made by this subsection shall affect any agreement in effect on the date of enactment of this Act under section 205 of the Flood Control Act of 1948 (33 U.S.C. 701s), except that, upon request by the non-Federal interest for the project that is the subject of such an agreement, the Secretary and the non- Federal interest may modify the agreement to reflect the requirements of such section 205, as so amended. (j) Community Revitalization Program.--Section 165(a) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2020 (33 U.S.C. 2201 note) is amended-- (1) by striking the subsection heading and inserting ``Community Revitalization Program''; (2) in paragraph (1), by striking ``pilot program'' and inserting ``program''; (3) in paragraph (2)-- (A) by amending subparagraph (A) to read as follows: ``(A) solicit project proposals from non-Federal interests by posting program information on a public- facing website and reaching out to non-Federal interests that have previously submitted project requests to the Secretary; and''; and (B) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``a total of 20 projects'' and inserting ``projects''; (4) by striking paragraph (4) and inserting the following: ``(4) Priority projects.--In carrying out this subsection, the Secretary shall prioritize the following projects: ``(A) Projects located in coastal communities in western Alaska impacted by Typhoon Merbok. ``(B) The Hatch Dam project, Arizona, carried out pursuant to section 205 of the Flood Control Act of 1948 (33 U.S.C. 701s). ``(C) Projects located in Guam.''; and (5) by adding at the end the following: ``(6) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subsection $50,000,000 for each fiscal year.''. SEC. 102. COMMUNITY PROJECT ADVISOR. (a) Community Project Advisor.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall establish a single office to assist non-Federal interests in accessing Federal resources related to water resources development projects, which shall be headed by a community project advisor appointed by the Secretary. (b) Responsibilities.--The community project advisor appointed under this section shall-- (1) provide guidance to potential non-Federal interests on accessing programs, services, and other assistance made available by the Corps of Engineers relating to water resources development projects, including under-- (A) continuing authority programs (as such term is defined in section 7001(c)(1)(D) of the Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014 (33 U.S.C. 2282d)); (B) section 14 of the Act of March 3, 1899 (33 U.S.C. 408); (C) section 206 of the Flood Control Act of 1960 (33 U.S.C. 709a); (D) section 22 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 1962d-16); (E) section 203 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2231); (F) section 204 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2232); (G) section 203 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2000 (33 U.S.C. 2269); (H) section 5014 of the Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014 (33 U.S.C. 2201 note); and (I) the Water Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act (33 U.S.C. 3901 et seq.); (2) conduct outreach and workshops for potential non- Federal interests to provide information on such assistance, including processes for accessing such assistance; and (3) identify programs, services, and other assistance made available by other Federal and State agencies relating to water resources development projects for purposes of advising potential non-Federal interests on the best available applicable assistance. (c) Prioritization.--In carrying out activities under this section, to the maximum extent practicable, the community project advisor shall prioritize providing assistance with respect to water resources development projects that will benefit a rural community, a small community, or a community described in the guidance issued by the Secretary under section 160 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2020 (33 U.S.C. 2201 note). (d) Electronic Portal.-- (1) Development.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall develop an online, interactive portal that-- (A) contains information relating to the assistance described in subsection (b); and (B) can be used by a potential non-Federal interest as a succinct guide to accessing such assistance based on the applicable potential water resources development project. (2) Availability.--The Secretary shall ensure that the portal developed under paragraph (1) is made available in a prominent location on the public-facing website of the headquarters of the Corps of Engineers and of each district and division of the Corps of Engineers. (e) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $10,000,000 for each fiscal year. SEC. 103. MINIMUM REAL ESTATE INTEREST. (a) Real Estate Plan.--The Secretary shall provide to the non- Federal interest for an authorized water resources development project a real estate plan for the project that includes a description of the real estate interests required for construction, operation and maintenance, repair, rehabilitation, or replacement of the project, including any specific details and legal requirements necessary for implementation of the project. (b) Identification of Minimum Interest.-- (1) In general.--For each authorized water resources development project for which an interest in real property is required for any applicable construction, operation and maintenance, repair, rehabilitation, or replacement, the Secretary shall identify the minimum interest in the property necessary to carry out the applicable activity. (2) Determination.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary shall identify an interest that is less than fee simple title in cases where the Secretary determines that-- (A) such an interest is sufficient for construction, operation and maintenance, repair, rehabilitation, and replacement of the applicable project; and (B) the non-Federal interest cannot legally make available to the Secretary an interest in fee simple title for purposes of the project. (c) Requirement.--The non-Federal interest for an authorized water resources development project shall provide for the project an interest in the applicable real property that is the minimum interest identified under subsection (b). (d) Annual Report.--The Secretary shall annually submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report containing-- (1) a summary of all instances in which the Secretary identified under subsection (b) fee simple title as the minimum interest necessary with respect to an activity for which the non-Federal interest requested the use of an interest less than fee simple title; and (2) with respect to each such instance, a description of the legal requirements that resulted in identifying fee simple title as the minimum interest. (e) Existing Agreements.--At the request of a non-Federal interest, an agreement entered into under section 221 of the Flood Control Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 1962d-5b) between the Secretary and the non-Federal interest before the date of enactment of this Act may be amended to reflect the requirements of this section. SEC. 104. STUDY OF WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS BY NON-FEDERAL INTERESTS. (a) In General.--Section 203 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2231) is amended-- (1) in subsection (a)-- (A) in paragraph (1)-- (i) by striking ``may undertake a federally authorized feasibility study of a proposed water resources development project, or,'' and inserting the following: ``may undertake and submit to the Secretary-- ``(A) a federally authorized feasibility study of a proposed water resources development project; or''; (ii) by striking ``upon the written approval'' and inserting the following: ``(B) upon the determination''; (iii) in subparagraph (B) (as so designated)-- (I) by striking ``undertake''; and (II) by striking ``, and submit the study to the Secretary'' and inserting ``or constructed by a non-Federal interest pursuant to section 204''; (B) in paragraph (2)-- (i) in the matter preceding subparagraph (A)-- (I) by striking ``, as soon as practicable,''; and (II) by striking ``non-Federal interests to'' and inserting ``non- Federal interests that''; (ii) by striking subparagraph (A) and inserting the following: ``(A) provide clear, concise, and transparent guidance for the non-Federal interest to use in developing a feasibility study that complies with requirements that would apply to a feasibility study undertaken by the Secretary;''; (iii) in subparagraph (B), by striking the period at the end and inserting a semicolon; and (iv) by adding at the end the following: ``(C) provide guidance to a non-Federal interest on obtaining support from the Secretary to complete elements of a feasibility study that may be considered inherently governmental and required to be done by a Federal agency; and ``(D) provide contacts for employees of the Corps of Engineers that a non-Federal interest may use to initiate coordination with the Secretary and identify at what stages coordination may be beneficial.''; and (C) by adding at the end the following: ``(3) Determination.--If a non-Federal interest requests to undertake a feasibility study on a modification to a constructed water resources development project under paragraph (1)(B), the Secretary shall expeditiously provide to the non- Federal interest the determination required under such paragraph with respect to whether conceptual modifications, as presented by the non-Federal interest, are consistent with the authorized purposes of the project.''; (2) in subsection (b)-- (A) in paragraph (3)-- (i) in subparagraph (B), by striking ``receives a request under this paragraph'' and inserting ``receives a study submission under subsection (a) or receives a request under subparagraph (A)''; and (ii) by adding at the end the following: ``(C) Additional information required.--The Secretary shall notify a non-Federal interest if, upon initial review of a submission received under subsection (a) or a receipt of a request under subparagraph (A), the Secretary requires additional information to perform the required analyses, reviews, and compliance processes and include in such notification a detailed description of the required information.''; (B) by striking paragraph (4) and inserting the following: ``(4) Notification.--Upon receipt of a study submission under subsection (a) or receipt of a request under paragraph (3)(A), the Secretary shall notify the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate of the submission or request and a timeline for completion of the required analyses, reviews, and compliance processes and shall notify the non-Federal interest of such timeline.''; and (C) in paragraph (5), by striking ``receiving a request under paragraph (3)'' and inserting ``receiving a study submission under subsection (a) or a request under paragraph (3)(A)''; (3) in subsection (d)-- (A) by striking ``If a project'' and inserting the following: ``(1) In general.--If a project''; (B) by inserting ``or modification to the project'' before ``an amount equal to''; and (C) by adding at the end the following: ``(2) Maximum amount.--Any credit provided to a non-Federal interest under this subsection may not exceed the maximum Federal cost for a feasibility study initiated by the Secretary under section 1001(a)(2) of the Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014 (33 U.S.C. 2282c(a)).''; and (4) by adding at the end the following: ``(f) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary $1,000,000 for each fiscal year to carry out this section.''. (b) Guidance.--Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall update any guidance as necessary to reflect the amendments made by this section. (c) Implementation.--Any non-Federal interest that has entered in a written agreement with the Secretary related to carrying out a feasibility study pursuant to section 203 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2231) before the date of enactment of this Act may submit to the Secretary a request to amend such agreement to reflect the amendments made by this section. SEC. 105. CONSTRUCTION OF WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS BY NON- FEDERAL INTERESTS. (a) In General.--Section 204 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2232) is amended-- (1) in subsection (c)(1)-- (A) by striking ``an appropriate non-Federal interest'' and inserting ``a non-Federal interest carrying out a project, or separable element of a project, under this section''; (B) by striking ``on construction for any project'' and inserting ``for the construction of any project or separable element''; and (C) by inserting ``, consistent with the authorized cost share for the project,'' after ``United States funds''; (2) in subsection (d)-- (A) in paragraph (1)(A), by striking clauses (i) through (iii) and inserting the following: ``(i) the non-Federal interest-- ``(I) enters into a written agreement with the Secretary under section 221 of the Flood Control Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 1962d-5b), including an agreement to pay the non-Federal share, if any, of the cost of operation and maintenance of the project; ``(II) makes any information relevant to carrying out the project available to the Secretary to review; and ``(III) identifies features of the project or separable element that are outside the scope of the authorized project; and ``(ii) the Secretary-- ``(I) reviews the plans for construction by the non-Federal interest; ``(II) determines the project outputs are consistent with the authorized project and construction would not result in life safety concerns; ``(III) determines that the plans comply with applicable Federal laws and regulations; and ``(IV) verifies that the construction documents, including supporting information, have been signed by an Engineer of Record; and''; (B) in paragraph (3)-- (i) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) and (C) as subparagraphs (C) and (D), respectively; and (ii) by inserting after subparagraph (A) the following: ``(B) the non-Federal interest has obligated or expended funds for the cost of a discrete segment or separable element thereof and has requested reimbursement of the Federal share of the cost of the discrete segment or separable element;''; and (iii) in subparagraph (C) (as so redesignated), by inserting ``, discrete segment of the project, or separable element of the project,'' after ``the project''; (C) in paragraph (5)-- (i) by striking subparagraph (A)(ii) and inserting the following: ``(ii) before the review and approval of plans under paragraph (1)(A)(ii), the Secretary makes the determinations required under subclauses (II) and (III) of paragraph (1)(A)(ii) with respect to the discrete segment.''; (ii) in subparagraph (B)(ii), by striking ``plans approved under paragraph (1)(A)(i)'' and inserting ``the plans reviewed under paragraph (1)(A)(ii)''; (iii) in subparagraph (C)(i), by striking ``paragraph (1)(A)(iii)'' and inserting ``paragraph (1)(A)(i)''; and (iv) in subparagraph (D)(i) by striking ``paragraph (1)(A)(iii)'' and inserting ``paragraph (1)(A)(i)''; and (D) by adding at the end the following: ``(6) Exclusions.--The Secretary may not provide credit or reimbursement for-- ``(A) activities required by the non-Federal interest to initiate design and construction that would otherwise not be required by the Secretary; or ``(B) delays incurred by the non-Federal interest resulting in project cost increases.''; and (3) by adding at the end the following: ``(g) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this section $1,000,000 for each fiscal year.''. (b) Guidance.--Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall update any guidance as necessary to reflect the amendments made by this section. (c) Implementation.--Any non-Federal interest that has entered in a written agreement with the Secretary to carry out a water resources development project pursuant to section 204 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2232) before the date of enactment of this Act may submit to the Secretary a request to amend such agreement to reflect the amendments made by this section. SEC. 106. REVIEW PROCESS. Section 14 of the Act of March 3, 1899 (33 U.S.C. 408) is amended-- (1) by redesignating subsections (c) and (d) as subsections (d) and (e), respectively, and inserting after subsection (b) the following: ``(c) Review Process.-- ``(1) Consistency.--The Secretary shall establish a single office within the Corps of Engineers with the expertise to provide consistent and timely recommendations under subsection (a) for applications for permission submitted pursuant to such subsection. ``(2) Preapplication meeting.--At the request of a non- Federal entity that is planning on submitting an application for permission pursuant to subsection (a), the Secretary, acting through the office established under paragraph (1), shall meet with the non-Federal entity to-- ``(A) provide clear, concise, and specific technical requirements for non-Federal entity to use in the development of the application; ``(B) recommend the number of design packages to submit for the proposed action, and the stage of development at which to submit such packages; and ``(C) identify potential concerns or conflicts with such proposed actions. ``(3) Contributed funds.--The Secretary may use funds accepted from a non-Federal entity under subsection (b)(3) for purposes of conducting a meeting described in paragraph (2).''; and (2) in subsection (d), as so redesignated-- (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``the Secretary shall inform'' and inserting ``the Secretary, acting through the head of the office established under subsection (c), shall inform''; and (B) in paragraph (2), in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by striking ``the Secretary shall'' and inserting ``the Secretary, acting through the head of the office established under subsection (c), shall''. SEC. 107. ELECTRONIC SUBMISSION AND TRACKING OF PERMIT APPLICATIONS. (a) Electronic System.--Section 2040(a) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (33 U.S.C. 2345(a)) is amended-- (1) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Development of Electronic'' and inserting ``Electronic''; (2) by amending paragraph (1) to read as follows: ``(1) In general.--The Secretary shall implement an electronic system to allow the electronic-- ``(A) preparation and submission of applications for permits and requests for jurisdictional determinations under the jurisdiction of the Secretary; and ``(B) tracking of documents related to Federal environmental reviews for projects under the jurisdiction of the Secretary or for which the Corps of Engineers is designated as the lead Federal agency.''; (3) in paragraph (2)-- (A) in subparagraph (E), by striking ``; and'' and inserting a semicolon; (B) in subparagraph (F), by striking the period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and (C) by adding at the end the following: ``(G) documents related to Federal environmental reviews for projects under the jurisdiction of the Secretary or for which the Corps of Engineers is designated as the lead Federal agency.''; and (4) by adding at the end the following: ``(5) Coordination with other agencies.--To the maximum extent practicable, the Secretary shall use the electronic system required under paragraph (1) to enhance interagency coordination in the preparation of documents related to Federal environmental reviews.''. (b) System Requirements.--Section 2040(b) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (33 U.S.C. 2345(b)) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (4), by striking ``; and'' and inserting a semicolon; (2) in paragraph (5)(C), by striking the period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and (3) by adding at the end the following: ``(6) enable a non-Federal interest for a project to-- ``(A) submit information related to the preparation of any Federal environmental review document associated with the project; and ``(B) track the status of a Federal environmental review associated with the project.''. (c) Record Retention.--Section 2040(d) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (33 U.S.C. 2345(d)) is amended-- (1) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Record of Determinations'' and inserting ``Record Retention''; (2) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``, and all Federal environmental review documents included in the electronic system'' before the period at the end; and (3) in paragraph (2), by inserting ``and all Federal environmental review documents included in the electronic system,'' before ``after the 5-year''. (d) Availability of Records.--Section 2040(e) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (33 U.S.C. 2345(e)) is amended-- (1) in the subsection heading, by striking ``Determinations'' and inserting ``Records''; and (2) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``, and all final Federal environmental review documents included in the electronic system,'' before ``available to the public''. (e) Deadline for Electronic System Implementation.--Section 2040(f)(1) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (33 U.S.C. 2345(f)(1)) is amended by striking ``2 years after the date of enactment of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022'' and inserting ``1 year after the date of enactment of the Water Resources Development Act of 2024''. (f) Applicability.--Section 2040(g) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (33 U.S.C. 2345(g)) is amended by inserting ``, and the requirements described in subsections (d) and (e) relating to Federal environmental documents shall apply with respect to Federal environmental review documents that are prepared after the date of enactment of the Water Resources Development Act of 2024'' before the period at the end. (g) E-NEPA.-- (1) Consistency.--Section 2040 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (33 U.S.C. 2345) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``(i) Consistency With E-NEPA.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall take into consideration the results of the permitting portal study conducted pursuant to the amendment made by section 321(b) of the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 (137 Stat. 44).''. (2) Cooperation.--The Secretary shall cooperate with the Council on Environmental Quality in conducting the permitting portal study required pursuant to the amendment made by section 321(b) of the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 (137 Stat. 44). (h) Conforming Amendment.--Section 2040 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (33 U.S.C. 2345) is amended in the section heading by striking ``permit applications'' and inserting ``permit applications and other documents''. SEC. 108. VERTICAL INTEGRATION AND ACCELERATION OF STUDIES. (a) In General.--Section 1001(a) of the Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014 (33 U.S.C. 2282c(a)) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``of initiation'' and inserting ``on which the Secretary determines the Federal interest for purposes of the report pursuant to section 905(b) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2282(b))''; and (2) in paragraph (2)-- (A) by striking ``cost of $3,000,000; and'' and inserting the following: ``cost of-- ``(A) $3,000,000 for a project with an estimated construction cost of less than $500,000,000; and''; and (B) by adding at the end the following: ``(B) $5,000,000 for a project with an estimated construction cost of greater than or equal to $500,000,000; and''. (b) Adjustment.--Section 905(b)(2)(B) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2282(b)(2)(B)) is amended by striking ``$200,000'' and inserting ``$300,000''. (c) Conforming Amendment.--Section 905(b)(4) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2282(b)(4)) is amended by striking ``(A) timing.--'' and all that follows through ``The cost of'' and inserting ``The cost of''. SEC. 109. SYSTEMWIDE IMPROVEMENT FRAMEWORK AND ENCROACHMENTS. (a) In General.--Section 5(c) of the Act of August 18, 1941 (33 U.S.C. 701n(c)) is amended-- (1) by striking paragraph (2) and inserting the following: ``(2) Systemwide improvement plan.-- ``(A) In general.--Notwithstanding the status of compliance of a non-Federal interest with the requirements of a levee owner's manual, or any other eligibility requirement established by the Secretary related to the maintenance and upkeep responsibilities of the non-Federal interest, the Secretary shall consider the non-Federal interest to be eligible for repair and rehabilitation assistance under this section if-- ``(i) in coordination with the Secretary, the non-Federal interest develops a systemwide improvement plan that-- ``(I) identifies any items of deferred or inadequate maintenance and upkeep, including any such items identified by the Secretary or through periodic inspection of the flood control work; ``(II) identifies any additional measures, including repair and rehabilitation work, that the Secretary determines necessary to ensure that the flood control work performs as designed and intended; and ``(III) includes specific timelines for addressing such items and measures; and ``(ii) the Secretary-- ``(I) determines that the systemwide improvement plan meets the requirements of clause (i); and ``(II) determines that the non- Federal interest makes satisfactory progress in meeting the timelines described in clause (i)(III). ``(B) Grandfathered encroachments.--At the request of the non-Federal interest, the Secretary-- ``(i) shall review documentation developed by the non-Federal interest showing a covered encroachment does not negatively impact the integrity of the flood control work; ``(ii) shall make a written determination with respect to whether removal or modification of such covered encroachment is necessary to ensure the encroachment does not negatively impact the integrity of the flood control work; and ``(iii) may not determine that a covered encroachment is a deficiency requiring corrective action unless such action is necessary to ensure the encroachment does not negatively impact the integrity of the flood control work.''; and (2) in paragraph (4), by adding at the end the following: ``(C) Covered encroachment.--The term `covered encroachment' means a permanent nonproject structure that-- ``(i) is located inside the boundaries of a flood control work; ``(ii) is depicted on construction drawings or operation and maintenance plans for the flood control work that are signed by an engineer of record; and ``(iii) is determined, by the Secretary, to be an encroachment of such flood control work.''. (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 3011 of the Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014 (33 U.S.C. 701n note) is repealed. (c) Transition.--The amendments made by this section shall have no effect on any written agreement signed by the Secretary and a non- Federal interest pursuant to section 5(c)(2) of the Act of August 18, 1941 (as in effect on the day before the date of enactment of this Act) if the non-Federal interest otherwise continues to meet the requirements of section 5(c)(2) as in effect on the day before the date of enactment of this Act. (d) Participation in Preparedness Exercises.--The Secretary may not condition the eligibility of a non-Federal interest for rehabilitation assistance under section 5 of the Act of August 18, 1941 (33 U.S.C. 701n) on the participation of the non-Federal interest in disaster preparedness exercises that are unrelated to necessary repairs, rehabilitation, maintenance, and upkeep of a flood control work. SEC. 110. FISH AND WILDLIFE MITIGATION. Section 906 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2283) is amended-- (1) in subsection (d)-- (A) in paragraph (1)-- (i) by striking ``After November 17, 1986, the Secretary'' and inserting ``The Secretary''; and (ii) by striking ``shall not submit'' and all that follows through ``unless such report contains'' and inserting ``may not approve any proposal related to a water resources project unless the Secretary has prepared a report relating to the project that contains''; (B) in paragraph (2)-- (i) by striking ``The Secretary'' and inserting the following: ``(A) In general.--The Secretary''; and (ii) by adding at the end the following: ``(B) Identification.--The Secretary shall consult with the non-Federal interest for a water resources project, and other stakeholders, to the maximum extent practicable-- ``(i) to identify mitigation implementation practices or accepted assessment methodologies used in the region of the water resources project and incorporate such practices and methodologies into the mitigation plan for such project; and ``(ii) to identify projects that have not been constructed, or concepts described in mitigation plans for other water resources projects, that may be used to meet the restoration or mitigation needs of the water resources project.''; and (C) in paragraph (3)(B)(iv)(I), by inserting ``or a description of the requirements for a third-party mitigation instrument that would be developed in the case that a contract for future delivery of credits will be used'' after ``to be used''; (2) in subsection (i)(1)(A)-- (A) in clause (i), by inserting ``, for immediate delivery or future delivery to be identified in the mitigation instrument'' after ``banks''; and (B) in clause (ii), by inserting ``, for immediate delivery or future delivery to be identified in the mitigation instrument'' after ``programs''; and (3) by adding at the end the following: ``(l) Separable Elements.--Mitigation of fish and wildlife losses required under this section that is provided in the form of credit shall be considered a separable element of a project without requiring further evaluation. ``(m) Transparency.--The Secretary shall ensure that-- ``(1) the mitigation requirements for each water resources project-- ``(A) are made publicly available (including on a website of the headquarters of the Corps of Engineers); and ``(B) include the location of the project, the anticipated schedule for mitigation, the type of mitigation required, the amount of mitigation required, and the remaining mitigation needs; ``(2) the mitigation plan for such project is made publicly available, as applicable; ``(3) the information described in paragraph (1) is updated regularly; and ``(4) carrying out the requirements of this subsection with respect to each water resources project is considered a project expense. ``(n) Coordination.--To the maximum extent practicable, the Secretary shall ensure that the project delivery team and regulatory team of the Corps of Engineers work in coordination to successfully carry out mitigation efforts.''. SEC. 111. HARBOR DEEPENING. (a) Construction.--Section 101(a)(1) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2211(a)(1)) is amended by striking ``50 feet'' each place it appears and inserting ``55 feet''. (b) Operation and Maintenance.--Section 101(b)(1) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2211(b)(1)) is amended by striking ``50 feet'' and inserting ``55 feet''. SEC. 112. EMERGING HARBORS. Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall-- (1) issue guidance for the purpose of carrying out section 210(c)(3)(B) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2238(c)(3)(B)); and (2) develop a mechanism to accept the non-Federal share of funds from a non-Federal interest for maintenance dredging carried out under such section. SEC. 113. REMOTE AND SUBSISTENCE HARBORS. Section 2006 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (33 U.S.C. 2242) is amended-- (1) in subsection (a), by striking paragraphs (1) through (3) and inserting the following: ``(1) the project would be located in the State of Hawaii or Alaska, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the United States Virgin Islands, or American Samoa; and ``(2)(A) over 80 percent of the goods transported through the harbor would be consumed within the United States, as determined by the Secretary, including consideration of information provided by the non-Federal interest; or ``(B) the long-term viability of the community in which the project is located, or the long-term viability of a community that is located in the region that is served by the project and that will rely on the project, would be threatened without the harbor and navigation improvement.''; and (2) in subsection (b)-- (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking ``benefits of the project to'' and inserting ``benefits of the project to any of''; and (B) in paragraph (4), by striking ``; and'' and inserting ``; or''. SEC. 114. ADDITIONAL PROJECTS FOR UNDERSERVED COMMUNITY HARBORS. Section 8132 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (33 U.S.C. 2238e) is amended-- (1) in subsection (c)-- (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking ``section based on an assessment of'' and all that follows through ``the local or regional economic benefits of the project;'' and inserting the following: ``section-- ``(1) based on an assessment of-- ``(A) the local or regional economic benefits of the project;''; (B) by redesignating paragraphs (2) and (3) as subparagraphs (B) and (C), respectively (and by conforming the margins accordingly); (C) in subparagraph (C) (as so redesignated) by striking the period at the end and inserting ``; and''; and (D) by adding at the end the following: ``(2) that are located-- ``(A) in a harbor where passenger and freight service is provided to island communities dependent on that service; or ``(B) in a lake, or any related connecting channels, within the United States that is included in the Boundary Waters Treaty of 1909.''; (2) in subsection (g)(2), in the matter preceding subparagraph (A), by inserting ``, or a marina or berthing area that is located adjacent to, or is accessible by, a Federal navigation project,'' before ``for which''; and (3) by adding at the end the following: ``(i) Projects for Marina or Berthing Areas.--The Secretary may carry out not more than 10 projects under this section that are projects for an underserved community harbor that is a marina or berthing area described in subsection (g)(2).''. SEC. 115. INLAND WATERWAYS REGIONAL DREDGE PILOT PROGRAM. Section 8133(c) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat. 3720) is amended to read as follows: ``(c) Projects.--In awarding contracts under subsection (a), the Secretary shall consider projects that-- ``(1) improve navigation reliability on inland waterways that are accessible year-round; ``(2) increase freight capacity on inland waterways; and ``(3) have the potential to enhance the availability of containerized cargo on inland waterways.''. SEC. 116. DREDGED MATERIAL DISPOSAL FACILITY PARTNERSHIPS. Section 217(b) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1996 (33 U.S.C. 2326a(b)) is amended-- (1) by amending paragraph (1) to read as follows: ``(1) In general.-- ``(A) Non-federal use.--The Secretary-- ``(i) at the request of a non-Federal entity, may permit the use of any dredged material disposal facility under the jurisdiction of, or managed by, the Secretary by the non-Federal entity if the Secretary determines that such use will not reduce the availability of the facility for the authorized water resources development project on a channel in the vicinity of the disposal facility; ``(ii) at the request of a non-Federal entity, shall permit the non-Federal entity to use a non-Federal disposal facility for the disposal of material dredged by the non-Federal entity, regardless of any connection to a Federal navigation project, if-- ``(I) permission for such use has been granted by the owner of the non- Federal disposal facility; and ``(II) the Secretary determines that the dredged material disposal needs required to maintain, perform authorized deepening, or restore the navigability and functionality of authorized navigation channels in the vicinity of the non-Federal disposal facility for the 20-year period following the date of the request, including all planned and routine dredging operations necessary to maintain such channels for the authorized purposes during such period, can be met by the available gross capacity of other dredged material disposal facilities in the vicinity of the non-Federal disposal facility; and ``(iii) shall impose fees to recover capital, operation, and maintenance costs associated with such uses. ``(B) Determinations.--The Secretary shall-- ``(i) delegate determinations under clauses (i) and (ii)(II) of subparagraph (A) to the District Commander of the district in which the relevant disposal facility is located; and ``(ii) make such determinations not later than 90 days after receiving the applicable request.''; (2) in paragraph (2)-- (A) in the paragraph heading, by striking ``Use of fees'' and inserting ``Fees''; (B) by striking ``Notwithstanding'' and inserting the following: ``(A) Use.--Notwithstanding''; and (C) by adding at the end the following: ``(B) Reduction in amount.--In collecting any fee under this subsection, the Secretary shall reduce the amount imposed under paragraph (1)(A)(iii) to account for improvements made to the non-Federal disposal facility by the non-Federal entity to recover the capacity of the non-Federal disposal facility.''; and (3) by adding at the end the following: ``(3) Disposition studies.-- ``(A) Requirement.--Upon request by the owner of a non-Federal disposal facility, the Secretary shall carry out a disposition study of the non-Federal disposal facility, in accordance with section 1168 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2018 (33 U.S.C. 578b), if-- ``(i) the Secretary has not used the non- Federal disposal facility for the disposal of dredged material during the 20-year period preceding the date of the request; and ``(ii) the Secretary determines that the non-Federal disposal facility is not needed for such use by the Secretary during the 20-year period following the date of the request. ``(B) Conclusive presumptions.--For purposes of carrying out a disposition study required under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall-- ``(i) consider the non-Federal disposal facility to be a separable element of a project; and ``(ii) consider a Federal interest in the non-Federal disposal facility to no longer exist. ``(4) Definitions.--In this subsection: ``(A) Gross capacity.--The term `gross capacity' means the total quantity of dredged material that may be placed in a dredged material disposal facility, taking into consideration any additional capacity that can be constructed at the facility. ``(B) Non-federal disposal facility.--The term `non-Federal disposal facility' means a dredged material disposal facility under the jurisdiction of, or managed by, the Secretary that is owned by a non- Federal entity.''. SEC. 117. MAXIMIZATION OF BENEFICIAL USE. (a) Beneficial Use of Dredged Material.--Section 1122 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2016 (33 U.S.C. 2326 note) is amended-- (1) in subsection (a)-- (A) by striking ``Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall establish a pilot program'' and inserting ``The Secretary is authorized''; and (B) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the following: ``(1) promoting resiliency and reducing the risk to property and infrastructure of flooding and storm damage;''; (2) in subsection (b)-- (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking ``the pilot program'' and inserting ``this section''; (B) by striking paragraph (1) and inserting the following: ``(1) identify and carry out projects for the beneficial use of dredged material;''; (3) in subsection (c)(1)-- (A) by striking ``In carrying out the pilot program, the'' and inserting ``The''; and (B) by striking ``under the pilot program'' and inserting ``under this section''; (4) in subsection (d), in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking ``the pilot program'' and inserting ``this section''; (5) in subsection (f)-- (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``the pilot program'' and inserting ``this section''; and (B) in paragraph (4), by striking ``the pilot program'' and inserting ``the implementation of this section''; and (6) by striking subsection (g) and redesignating subsection (h) as subsection (g). (b) Regional Sediment Management.--Section 204 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (33 U.S.C. 2326) is amended-- (1) in subsection (a)(1), by striking ``rehabilitation of projects'' and inserting ``rehabilitation of projects, including projects for the beneficial use of dredged materials described in section 1122 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2016 (33 U.S.C. 2326 note),''; and (2) in subsection (f), by adding at the end the following: ``(12) Osceola County, Florida.''. (c) Beneficial Use of Dredged Material.--Section 125(a)(1) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2020 (33 U.S.C. 2326g) is amended-- (1) by striking ``It is the policy'' and inserting the following: ``(A) Policy.--It is the policy''; and (2) by adding at the end the following: ``(B) National goal.--To the greatest extent practicable, the Secretary shall ensure that not less than 70 percent by tonnage of suitable dredged material obtained from the construction or operation and maintenance of water resources development projects is used beneficially.''. (d) Maximization of Beneficial Use in Dredged Material Management Plans.--Each dredged material management plan for a federally authorized water resources development project, and each regional sediment plan developed under section 204 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (33 U.S.C. 2326), including any such plan under development on the date of enactment of this Act, shall-- (1) maximize the beneficial use of suitable dredged material; and (2) to the maximum extent practicable, prioritize the use of such dredged material in water resources development projects in areas vulnerable to coastal land loss or shoreline erosion. (e) Transfer of Suitable Dredged Material.--The Secretary is authorized to transfer to a non-Federal interest at no cost, for the purpose of beneficial use, suitable dredged material that the Secretary has determined is in excess of the amounts of such material identified as needed for use by the Secretary. SEC. 118. ECONOMIC, HYDRAULIC, AND HYDROLOGIC MODELING. (a) Model Development.--The Secretary, in collaboration with other Federal and State agencies, National Laboratories, and nonprofit research institutions (including institutions of higher education and centers and laboratories focused on economics or water resources), shall develop, update, and maintain economic, hydraulic, and hydrologic models, including models for compound flooding, for use in the planning, design formulation, modification, and operation of water resources development projects and water resources planning. (b) Coordination and Use of Models and Data.--In carrying out subsection (a), to the extent practicable, the Secretary shall-- (1) work with the non-Federal interest for a water resources development project to identify existing relevant economic, hydraulic, and hydrologic models and data; (2) utilize, where appropriate, economic, hydraulic, and hydrologic models and data provided to the Secretary by the agencies, laboratories, and institutions described in subsection (a); and (3) upon written request by a non-Federal interest for a project, provide to the non-Federal interest draft or working economic, hydraulic, and hydrologic models, and any data generated by such models with respect to the project, not later than 30 days after receiving such request; and (4) in accordance with section 2017 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (33 U.S.C. 2342), make final economic, hydraulic, and hydrologic models, and any data generated by such models, available to the public, as quickly as practicable, but not later than 30 days after receiving a written request for such models or data. (c) Model Outputs.--To the extent practicable and appropriate, the Secretary shall incorporate data generated by models developed under this section into the formulation of feasibility studies for, and the operation of, water resources development projects. (d) Funding.--The Secretary is authorized to transfer to other Federal and State agencies, National Laboratories, and nonprofit research institutions, including institutions of higher education, such funds as may be necessary to carry out subsection (a) from amounts available to the Secretary. (e) In-Kind Contribution Credit.--A partnership agreement entered into under section 221 of the Flood Control Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 1962d-5b) may provide, at the request of the non-Federal interest for the applicable project, that the Secretary credit toward the non- Federal share of the cost of the project the value of economic, hydraulic, and hydrologic models required for the project that are developed by the non-Federal interest in accordance with any policies and guidelines applicable to the relevant partnership agreement pursuant to such section. (f) Review.--The Secretary shall review economic, hydraulic, and hydrologic models developed under this section in the same manner as any such models developed under any other authority of the Secretary. (g) Definitions.--In this section: (1) Compound flooding.--The term ``compound flooding'' means a flooding event in which two or more flood drivers, such as coastal storm surge-driven flooding and inland rainfall- driven flooding, occur simultaneously or in close succession and the potential adverse effects of the combined flood drivers may be greater than that of the individual flood driver components. (2) Economic.--The term ``economic'', as used in reference to models, means relating to the evaluation of benefits and cost attributable to a project for an economic justification under section 209 of the Flood Control Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 1962-2). SEC. 119. FORECAST-INFORMED RESERVOIR OPERATIONS. (a) In General.--In updating a water control manual for any reservoir constructed, owned, or operated by the Secretary, including a reservoir for which the Secretary is authorized to prescribe regulations for the use of storage allocated for flood control or navigation pursuant to section 7 of the Act of December 22, 1944 (33 U.S.C. 709), the Secretary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, incorporate the use of forecast-informed reservoir operations. (b) Guidelines.--The Secretary, in coordination with relevant Federal and State agencies and non-Federal interests, shall issue clear and concise guidelines for incorporating the use of forecast-informed reservoir operations into water control manuals for reservoirs described in subsection (a). (c) Assessment.-- (1) Requirement.--The Secretary shall carry out an assessment of geographically diverse reservoirs described in subsection (a) to determine the viability of using forecast- informed reservoir operations at such reservoirs. (2) Priority areas.--In carrying out the assessment described in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall include an assessment of-- (A) each reservoir located in the South Pacific Division of the Corps of Engineers; and (B) reservoirs located in each of the Northwestern Division and the South Atlantic Division of the Corps of Engineers. (3) Consultation.--In carrying out this subsection, the Secretary shall consult with relevant Federal and State agencies and non-Federal interests. SEC. 120. UPDATES TO CERTAIN WATER CONTROL MANUALS. Section 8109 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat. 3702) is amended by inserting ``or that incorporate the use of forecast-informed reservoir operations into such manuals'' before the period at the end. SEC. 121. WATER SUPPLY MISSION. (a) In General.--The Secretary shall-- (1) include water supply as a primary mission of the Corps of Engineers in planning, prioritization, designing, constructing, modifying, operating, and maintaining water resources development projects; and (2) give equal consideration to the water supply mission in the planning, prioritization, designing, constructing, modifying, operating, and maintaining of water resources development projects. (b) Limitations.-- (1) No new authority.--Nothing in subsection (a) authorizes the Secretary to initiate a water resources development project or modify an authorized water resources development project. (2) Limitations.--Nothing in subsection (a) affects-- (A) any existing authority of the Secretary, including-- (i) authorities of the Secretary with respect to navigation, hydropower, flood control, and environmental protection and restoration; (ii) the authority of the Secretary under section 6 of the Flood Control Act of 1944 (33 U.S.C. 708); and (iii) the authority of the Secretary under section 301 of the Water Supply Act of 1958 (43 U.S.C. 390b); (B) any applications for permits under the jurisdiction of the Secretary, or lawsuits relating to such permits or water resources development projects, pending as of the date of enactment of this Act; (C) the application of any procedures to assure public notice and an opportunity for public hearing for such permits; or (D) the authority of a State to manage, use, or allocate the water resources of that State. (c) Reports.-- (1) Initial report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report detailing-- (A) the steps taken to comply with subsection (a); and (B) actions identified by non-Federal interests that may be taken, consistent with existing authorized purposes of the applicable water resources development projects, to-- (i) reallocate storage space in existing water resources development projects for municipal and industrial water supply purposes pursuant to section 301 of the Water Supply Act of 1958 (43 U.S.C. 390b); (ii) enter into surplus water supply contracts pursuant to section 6 of the Flood Control Act of 1944 (33 U.S.C. 708); (iii) modify the operations of an existing water resources development project to produce water supply benefits incidental to, and consistent with, the authorized purposes of the project, including by-- (I) adjusting the timing of releases for other authorized purposes to create opportunities for water supply conservation, use, and storage; (II) capturing stormwater; (III) releasing water from storage to replenish aquifer storage and recovery; and (IV) carrying out other conservation measures that enhance the use of a project for water supply; and (iv) cooperate with State, regional, and local governments and planning authorities to identify strategies to augment water supply, enhance drought resiliency, promote contingency planning, and assist in the planning and development of alternative water sources. (2) Final report.--Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report that includes-- (A) identification of-- (i) the steps taken to comply with subsection (a); and (ii) the specific actions identified under paragraph (1)(B) that were taken; and (B) an assessment of the results of such steps and actions. SEC. 122. REAL ESTATE ADMINISTRATIVE FEES. (a) In General.--Not later than 30 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall initiate the development of guidance to standardize processes for developing, updating, and tracking real estate administrative fees administered by the Corps of Engineers. (b) Guidance.--In developing guidance under subsection (a), the Secretary shall-- (1) outline standard methodologies to estimate costs for purposes of setting real estate administrative fees; (2) define the types of activities involved in managing real estate instruments that are included for purposes of setting such fees; (3) establish cost-tracking procedures to capture data relating to the activities described in paragraph (2) for purposes of setting such fees; (4) outline a schedule for divisions or districts of the Corps of Engineers to review, and update as appropriate, real estate administrative fees, including specifying what such reviews should entail and the frequency of such reviews; and (5) provide opportunities for stakeholder input on real estate administrative fees. (c) Publicly Available.--The Secretary shall make publicly available on the website of each Corps of Engineers district-- (1) the guidance developed under this section; and (2) any other relevant information on real estate administrative fees, including lists of real estate instruments requiring such fees, and methodologies used to set such fees. SEC. 123. CHALLENGE COST-SHARING PROGRAM FOR MANAGEMENT OF RECREATION FACILITIES. Section 225 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (33 U.S.C. 2328) is amended-- (1) in subsection (b)-- (A) by striking ``To implement'' and inserting the following: ``(1) In general.--To implement''. (B) in paragraph (1) (as so designated), by striking ``non-Federal public and private entities'' and inserting ``non-Federal public entities and private nonprofit entities''; and (C) by adding at the end the following: ``(2) Requirements.--Before entering into an agreement under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall ensure that the non- Federal public entity or private nonprofit entity has the authority and capability-- ``(A) to carry out the terms of the agreement; and ``(B) to pay damages, if necessary, in the event of a failure to perform.''; (2) by striking subsection (c) and inserting the following: ``(c) User Fees.-- ``(1) Collection of fees.-- ``(A) In general.--The Secretary may allow a non- Federal public entity or private nonprofit entity that has entered into an agreement pursuant to subsection (b) to collect user fees for the use of developed recreation sites and facilities, whether developed or constructed by the non-Federal public entity or private nonprofit entity or the Department of the Army. ``(B) Use of visitor reservation services.-- ``(i) In general.--A non-Federal public entity or a private nonprofit entity described in subparagraph (A) may use, to manage fee collections and reservations under this section, any visitor reservation service that the Secretary has provided for by contract or interagency agreement, subject to such terms and conditions as the Secretary determines to be appropriate. ``(ii) Transfer.--The Secretary may transfer, or cause to be transferred by another Federal agency, to a non-Federal public entity or a private nonprofit entity described in subparagraph (A) user fees received by the Secretary or other Federal agency under a visitor reservation service described in clause (i) for recreation facilities and natural resources managed by the non-Federal public entity or private nonprofit entity pursuant to a cooperative agreement entered into under subsection (b). ``(2) Use of fees.-- ``(A) In general.--A non-Federal public entity or private nonprofit entity that collects a user fee under paragraph (1)-- ``(i) may retain up to 100 percent of the fees collected, as determined by the Secretary; and ``(ii) notwithstanding section 210(b)(4) of the Flood Control Act of 1968 (16 U.S.C. 460d- 3(b)(4)), shall use any retained amounts for operation, maintenance, and management activities relating to recreation and natural resources at recreation site at which the fee is collected. ``(B) Requirements.--The use by a non-Federal public entity or private nonprofit entity of user fees collected under paragraph (1)-- ``(i) shall remain subject to the direction and oversight of the Secretary; and ``(ii) shall not affect any existing third- party property interest, lease, or agreement with the Secretary. ``(3) Terms and conditions.--The authority of a non-Federal public entity or private nonprofit entity under this subsection shall be subject to such terms and conditions as the Secretary determines to be necessary to protect the interests of the United States.''; and (3) in subsection (d)-- (A) by striking ``For purposes'' and inserting the following: ``(1) In general.--For purposes''; and (B) by striking ``non-Federal public and private entities. Any funds received by the Secretary under this section'' and inserting the following: ``non- Federal public entities, private nonprofit entities, and other private entities. ``(2) Deposit of funds.--Any funds received by the Secretary under this subsection''; and (4) by adding at the end the following: ``(e) Definitions.--In this section: ``(1) Non-federal public entity.--The term `non-Federal public entity' means a non-Federal public entity as defined in the memorandum issued by the Corp of Engineers on April 4, 2018, and titled `Implementation Guidance for Section 1155, Management of Recreation Facilities, of the Water Resources Development Act (WRDA) of 2016, Public Law 114-322'. ``(2) Private nonprofit entity.--The term `private nonprofit entity' means an organization that is described in section 501(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of that Code.''. SEC. 124. RETENTION OF RECREATION FEES. (a) In General.--Section 210(b) of the Flood Control Act of 1968 (16 U.S.C. 460d-3(b)) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``Notwithstanding'' and all that follows through ``to establish'' and inserting ``Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), the Secretary of the Army may establish''; (2) in paragraph (3), by striking ``vehicle. Such maximum amount'' and inserting ``vehicle, which amount''; and (3) by striking paragraph (4) and inserting the following: ``(4) Deposit in treasury.--Subject to paragraph (5), the fees collected under this subsection shall be deposited in the Treasury of the United States as miscellaneous receipts. ``(5) Retention and use by secretary.-- ``(A) Retention.--Of the fees collected under this subsection, the Secretary may retain, for use in accordance with subparagraph (B)(ii), beginning in fiscal year 2035 and each fiscal year thereafter, the total amount of fees collected under this subsection for the fiscal year. ``(B) Use.--The amounts retained by the Secretary under subparagraph (A) shall-- ``(i) be deposited in a special account, to be established in the Treasury; and ``(ii) be available for use, without further appropriation, for the operation and maintenance of recreation sites and facilities under the jurisdiction of the Secretary, subject to the condition that not less than 80 percent of fees collected at a specific recreation site shall be used at such site. ``(6) Treatment.--Fees collected under this subsection-- ``(A) shall be in addition to annual appropriated funding provided for the operation and maintenance of recreation sites and facilities under the jurisdiction of the Secretary; and ``(B) shall not be used as a basis for reducing annual appropriated funding for such operation and maintenance.''. (b) Special Accounts.--Amounts in the special account for the Corps of Engineers described in section 210(b)(4) of the Flood Control Act of 1968 (16 U.S.C. 460d-3(b)(4)) (as in effect on the day before the date of enactment of this Act) that are unobligated on that date shall-- (1) be transferred to the special account established under paragraph (5)(B)(i) of section 210(b) of the Flood Control Act of 1968 (as added by subsection (a)(3)); and (2) be available to the Secretary of the Army for operation and maintenance of any recreation sites and facilities under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of the Army, without further appropriation, subject to paragraph (5)(B)(ii) of such section (as added by subsection (a)(3)). SEC. 125. DATABASES OF CORPS RECREATIONAL SITES. The Secretary shall regularly update publicly available databases maintained, or cooperatively maintained, by the Corps of Engineers with information on sites operated or maintained by the Secretary that are used for recreational purposes, including the operational status of, and the recreational opportunities available at, such sites. SEC. 126. SERVICES OF VOLUNTEERS. The Secretary may recognize a volunteer providing services under the heading ``Department of Defense--Civil--Department of the Army-- Corps of Engineers--Civil--General Provisions'' in chapter IV of title I of the Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1983 (33 U.S.C. 569c) through an award or other appropriate means, except that such award may not be in the form of a cash award. SEC. 127. NONRECREATION OUTGRANT POLICY. (a) In General.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall update the policy guidance of the Corps of Engineers for the evaluation and approval of nonrecreational real estate outgrant requests for the installation, on lands and waters operated and maintained by the Secretary, of infrastructure for the provision of broadband services. (b) Requirements.--In updating the policy guidance under subsection (a), the Secretary shall ensure that the policy guidance-- (1) requires the consideration of benefits to the public in evaluating a request described in subsection (a); (2) requires the Secretary to consider financial factors when determining whether there is a viable alternative to the installation for which approval is requested as described in subsection (a); (3) requires that a request described in subsection (a) be expeditiously approved or denied after submission of a completed application for such request; and (4) requires the Secretary to include in any denial of such a request detailed information on the justification for the denial. (c) Savings Clause.--Nothing in this section affects or alters the responsibility of the Secretary-- (1) to sustain and protect the natural resources of lands and waters operated and maintained by the Secretary; or (2) to carry out a water resources development project consistent with the purposes for which such project is authorized. SEC. 128. IMPROVEMENTS TO NATIONAL DAM SAFETY PROGRAM. (a) Definitions.--Section 2 of the National Dam Safety Program Act (33 U.S.C. 467) is amended-- (1) by redesignating paragraph (16) as paragraph (17); and (2) by inserting after paragraph (15) the following: ``(16) Underserved community.--The term `underserved community' means a community with a population of less than 50,000 that has a median household income of less than 80 percent of the statewide median household income.''. (b) National Inventory of Dams and Low-Head Dams.--Section 6 of the National Dam Safety Program Act (33 U.S.C. 467d) is amended to read as follows: ``SEC. 6. NATIONAL INVENTORY OF DAMS AND LOW-HEAD DAMS. ``(a) In General.--The Secretary of the Army shall maintain and update information on the inventory of dams and low-head dams in the United States. ``(b) Dams.--The inventory maintained under subsection (a) shall include any available information assessing each dam based on inspections completed by a Federal agency, a State dam safety agency, or a Tribal government. ``(c) Low-Head Dams.--The inventory maintained under subsection (a) shall include-- ``(1) the location, ownership, description, current use, condition, height, and length of each low-head dam; ``(2) any information on public safety conditions at each low-head dam; and ``(3) any other relevant information concerning low-head dams. ``(d) Data.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall-- ``(1) coordinate with Federal and State agencies, Tribal governments, and other relevant entities; and ``(2) use data provided to the Secretary by those agencies and entities. ``(e) Public Availability.--The Secretary shall make the inventory maintained under subsection (a) publicly available (including on a publicly available website), including-- ``(1) public safety information on the dangers of low-head dams; and ``(2) a directory of financial and technical assistance resources available to reduce safety hazards and fish passage barriers at low-head dams. ``(f) Clarification.--Nothing in this section provides authority to the Secretary to carry out an activity, with respect to a low-head dam, that is not explicitly authorized under this section. ``(g) Low-Head Dam Defined.--In this section, the term `low-head dam' means a river-wide artificial barrier that generally spans a stream channel, blocking the waterway and creating a backup of water behind the barrier, with a drop off over the wall of not less than 6 inches and not more than 25 feet.''. (c) Rehabilitation of High Hazard Potential Dams.--Section 8A of the National Dam Safety Program Act (33 U.S.C. 467f-2) is amended-- (1) in subsection (c)(2), by striking subparagraph (C) and inserting the following: ``(C) Grant assurance.--As part of a grant agreement under subparagraph (B), the Administrator shall require that each eligible subrecipient to which the State awards a grant under this section provides an assurance from the dam owner, with respect to the dam to be rehabilitated, that the dam owner will carry out a plan for maintenance of the dam during the expected life of the dam.''; (2) in subsection (d)(2)(C), by striking ``commit'' and inserting ``for a project not including removal, obtain a commitment from the dam owner''; (3) by striking subsection (e) and inserting the following: ``(e) Floodplain Management Plans.-- ``(1) In general.--As a condition of receipt of assistance under this section, an eligible subrecipient shall demonstrate that a floodplain management plan to reduce the impacts of future flood events from a controlled or uncontrolled release from the dam or management of water levels in the area impacted by the dam-- ``(A) for a removal-- ``(i) is in place; and ``(ii) identifies areas that would be impacted by the removal of the dam and includes a communication and outreach plan for the project and the impact of the project on the affected communities; or ``(B) for a project not including removal-- ``(i) is in place; or ``(ii) will be-- ``(I) developed not later than 2 years after the date of execution of a project agreement for assistance under this section; and ``(II) implemented not later than 2 years after the date of completion of construction of the project. ``(2) Requirement.--In the case of a plan for a removal, the Administrator may not impose any additional requirements or conditions other than the requirements in paragraph (1)(A). ``(3) Inclusions.--A plan under paragraph (1)(B) shall address-- ``(A) potential measures, practices, and policies to reduce loss of life, injuries, damage to property and facilities, public expenditures, and other adverse impacts of flooding in the area protected or impacted by the dam; ``(B) plans for flood fighting and evacuation; and ``(C) public education and awareness of flood risks. ``(4) Plan criteria and technical support.--The Administrator, in consultation with the Board, shall provide criteria, and may provide technical support, for the development and implementation of floodplain management plans prepared under this subsection.''; (4) in subsection (g)(1)-- (A) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``Any'' and inserting ``Except as provided in subparagraph (C), any''; and (B) by adding at the end the following: ``(C) Underserved communities.--Subparagraph (A) shall not apply to a project carried out by or for the benefit of an underserved community.''. (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--Section 14 of the National Dam Safety Program Act (33 U.S.C. 467j) is amended-- (1) in subsection (a)-- (A) in paragraph (1), by striking ``2023'' and inserting ``2028''; and (B) in paragraph (2)-- (i) in subparagraph (A), by inserting ``and low-head dams'' after ``inventory of dams'' each place it appears; and (ii) by amending subparagraph (B) to read as follows: ``(B) Maximum amount of allocation.--The amount of funds allocated to a State under this paragraph for a fiscal year may not exceed the amount that is equal to 4 times the amount of funds committed by the State to implement dam safety activities for that fiscal year.''; (2) in subsection (b)-- (A) by striking the subsection heading and inserting ``National Inventory of Dams and Low-Head Dams''; and (B) by striking ``2023'' and inserting ``2028''; (3) in subsection (c), by striking ``2023'' and inserting ``2028''; (4) in subsection (d), by striking ``2023'' and inserting ``2028''; (5) in subsection (e), by striking ``2023'' and inserting ``2028''; and (6) in subsection (f), by striking ``2023'' and inserting ``2028''. (e) Conforming Amendment.--Section 15 of the National Dam Safety Program Act (33 U.S.C. 467o) is repealed. SEC. 129. REHABILITATION OF CORPS OF ENGINEERS CONSTRUCTED DAMS. Section 1177 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2016 (33 U.S.C. 467f-2 note) is amended-- (1) in subsection (e)-- (A) by striking ``The Secretary'' and inserting the following: ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), the Secretary''; and (B) by adding at the end the following: ``(2) Exception.--For a project under this section for which the Federal share of the costs is expected to exceed $60,000,000, the Secretary may expend more than such amount only if-- ``(A) the Secretary submits to Congress the determination made under subsection (a) with respect to the project; and ``(B) construction of the project substantially in accordance with the plans, and subject to the conditions described in such determination is specifically authorized by Congress.''; and (2) in subsection (f), by striking ``2017 through 2026'' and inserting ``2025 through 2030''. SEC. 130. TREATMENT OF PROJECTS IN COVERED COMMUNITIES. (a) In General.--In carrying out a feasibility study for a project that serves a covered community, the Secretary shall adjust the calculation of the benefit-cost ratio for the project in order to equitably compare such project to projects carried out in the contiguous States of the United States and the District of Columbia. (b) Evaluation.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall-- (1) compute the benefit-cost ratio without adjusting the calculation as described in subsection (a); (2) compute an adjusted benefit-cost ratio by adjusting the construction costs for the project to reflect what construction costs would be if the project were carried out in a comparable community in the contiguous States that is nearest to the community in which the project will be carried out; (3) include in the documentation associated with the feasibility study for the project the ratios calculated under paragraph (1) and paragraph (2); and (4) consider the adjusted benefit-cost ratio calculated under paragraph (2) in selecting the tentatively selected plan for the project. (c) Covered Community Defined.--In this section, the term ``covered community'' means a community located in the State of Hawaii, Alaska, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, the United States Virgin Islands, or American Samoa. SEC. 131. ABILITY TO PAY. (a) In General.--Section 103(m) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2213(m)) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1) by striking ``an agricultural'' and inserting ``a''; (2) by striking paragraphs (2) and (3) and inserting the following: ``(2) Criteria.--The Secretary shall determine the ability of a non-Federal interest to pay under this subsection by considering-- ``(A) per capita income data for the county or counties in which the project is to be located; ``(B) the per capita non-Federal cost of construction of the project for the county or counties in which the project is to be located; ``(C) the financial capabilities of the non-Federal interest for the project; ``(D) the guidance issued under section 160 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2020 (33 U.S.C. 2201 note); and ``(E) any additional criteria relating to the non- Federal interest's financial ability to carry out its cost-sharing responsibilities determined appropriate by the Secretary. ``(3) Procedures.--For purposes of carrying out paragraph (2), the Secretary shall develop procedures-- ``(A) to allow a non-Federal interest to identify the amount such non-Federal interest would likely be able to pay; and ``(B) for a non-Federal interest to submit a request to the Secretary to reduce the required non- Federal share.''; and (3) by adding at the end the following: ``(5) Benefits analysis considerations.--In calculating the benefits and costs of project alternatives relating to the height of a flood risk reduction project for purposes of determining the national economic development benefits of the project, the Secretary-- ``(A) shall include insurance costs incurred by homeowners; and ``(B) may consider additional costs incurred by households, as appropriate. ``(6) Exception.--This subsection shall not apply to project costs greater than the national economic determination plan. ``(7) Report.-- ``(A) In general.--Not less frequently than annually, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report describing all determinations of the Secretary under this subsection regarding the ability of a non-Federal interest to pay. ``(B) Contents.--The Secretary shall include in each report required under subparagraph (A) a description, for the applicable year, of-- ``(i) requests by a non-Federal interest to reduce the non-Federal share required in a cost-sharing agreement; ``(ii) the determination of the Secretary with respect to each such request; and ``(iii) the basis for each such determination. ``(C) Inclusion in chief's report.--The Secretary shall include each determination to reduce the non- Federal share required in a cost-sharing agreement for construction of a project in the report of the Chief of Engineers for the project.''. (b) Update to Guidance.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall update any agency guidance or regulation relating to the ability of a non-Federal interest to pay as necessary to reflect the amendments made by this section. (c) Priority Projects.--The Secretary shall make a determination under section 103(m) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986, as amended by this section, of the ability to pay of the non-Federal interest for the following projects: (1) Any authorized water resources development project for which the Secretary waives the cost-sharing requirement under section 1156 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2310). (2) Any authorized watercraft inspection and decontamination station established, operated, or maintained pursuant to section 104(d) of the River and Harbor Act of 1958 (33 U.S.C. 610(d)). (3) The Chattahoochee River Program, authorized by section 8144 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat. 3724). (4) The project for navigation, Craig Harbor, Alaska, authorized by section 1401(1) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2016 (130 Stat. 1709). (5) The project for flood risk management, Westminster, East Garden Grove, California Flood Risk Management, authorized by section 401(2) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2020 (134 Stat. 2735). (6) Modifications to the L-29 levee component of the Central and Southern Florida project, authorized by section 203 of the Flood Control Act of 1948 (62 Stat. 1176), in the vicinity of the Tigertail camp. (7) Any authorized water resources development projects in Guam. (8) The project for flood risk management, Ala Wai Canal, Hawaii, authorized by section 1401(2) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2018 (132 Stat. 3837). (9) The project for flood control Kentucky River and its tributaries, Kentucky, authorized by section 6 of the Act of August 11, 1939 (chapter 699, 53 Stat. 1416). (10) The project for flood risk management on the Kentucky River and its tributaries and watersheds in Breathitt, Clay, Estill, Harlan, Lee, Leslie, Letcher, Owsley, Perry, and Wolfe Counties, Kentucky, authorized by section 8201(a)(31) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat. 3746). (11) The project for flood control, Williamsport, Pennsylvania, authorized by section 5 of the Act of June 22, 1936 (chapter 688, 49 Stat. 1573). (12) The project for ecosystem restoration, Resacas, in the vicinity of the City of Brownsville, Texas, authorized by section 1401(5) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2018 (132 Stat. 3839). (13) Construction of any critical restoration project in the Lake Champlain watershed, Vermont and New York, authorized by section 542 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2000 (114 Stat. 2671; 121 Stat. 1150; 134 Stat. 2680; 136 Stat. 3822). (14) Any authorized flood control and storm damage reduction project in the United States Virgin Islands that was impacted by Hurricanes Irma and Maria. (15) Construction of dredged material stabilization and retaining structures related to the project for navigation, Lower Willamette and Columbia Rivers, from Portland, Oregon, to the sea, authorized by the first section of the Act of June 18, 1878 (chapter 267, 20 Stat. 157, chapter 264). (16) Any water-related environmental infrastructure project authorized by section 219 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (Public Law 102-580). SEC. 132. TRIBAL PARTNERSHIP PROGRAM. Section 203 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2000 (33 U.S.C. 2269) is amended-- (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``the term `Indian tribe' has the meaning given the term'' and inserting ``the terms `Indian tribe' and `Indian Tribe' have the meanings given the terms''; (2) in subsection (b)-- (A) in paragraph (1)(B)-- (i) by striking ``or in proximity'' and inserting ``, in proximity''; and (ii) by inserting ``, or in proximity to a river system or other aquatic habitat with respect to which an Indian Tribe has Tribal treaty rights'' after ``Alaska Native villages''; (B) in paragraph (2)(A), by striking ``flood hurricane and storm damage reduction, including erosion control,'' and inserting ``flood or hurricane and storm damage reduction, including erosion control and stormwater management (including management of stormwater that flows at a rate of less than 800 cubic feet per second for the 10-percent flood),''; and (C) in paragraph (4), by striking ``$26,000,000'' each place it appears and inserting ``$28,500,000''; and (3) by striking subsection (e). SEC. 133. FUNDING TO PROCESS PERMITS. Section 214(a) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2000 (33 U.S.C. 2352(a)) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1), by adding at the end the following: ``(D) Indian tribe.--The term `Indian Tribe' means-- ``(i) an Indian Tribe, as such term is defined in section 4 of the Indian Self- Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304); and ``(ii) any entity formed under the authority of one or more Indian Tribes, as so defined.''; (2) in paragraph (2)-- (A) by inserting ``Indian Tribe,'' after ``public- utility company,'' each place it appears; and (B) in subparagraph (A), by inserting ``, including an aquatic ecosystem restoration project'' before the period at the end; and (3) by striking paragraph (4). SEC. 134. PROJECT STUDIES SUBJECT TO INDEPENDENT EXTERNAL PEER REVIEW. Section 2034 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (33 U.S.C. 2343) is amended-- (1) in subsection (d)(2)-- (A) by striking ``assess the adequacy and acceptability of the economic'' and insert the following: ``assess the adequacy and acceptability of-- ``(A) the economic''; (B) in subparagraph (A), as so redesignated, by adding ``and'' at the end; and (C) by adding at the end the following: ``(B) the consideration of nonstructural alternatives under section 73(a) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1974 (33 U.S.C. 701b-11(a)) for projects for flood risk management;''; (2) by striking subsection (h); and (3) by redesignating subsections (i) through (l) as subsections (h) through (k), respectively. SEC. 135. CONTROL OF AQUATIC PLANT GROWTHS AND INVASIVE SPECIES. Section 104 of the River and Harbor Act of 1958 (33 U.S.C. 610) is amended-- (1) in subsection (e)(3), by inserting ``, and monitoring and contingency planning for,'' after ``early detection of''; and (2) in subsection (g)(2)(A), by inserting ``the Connecticut River Basin,'' after ``the Ohio River Basin,''. SEC. 136. REMOTE OPERATIONS AT CORPS DAMS. During the 10-year period beginning on the date of enactment of this Act, with respect to a water resources development project owned, operated, or managed by the Corps of Engineers, the Secretary may not use remote operation activities at a navigation or hydroelectric power generating facility at such project as a replacement for activities performed, as of the date of enactment of this Act, by personnel under the direction of the Secretary at such project unless the Secretary provides to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate written notice that-- (1) use of the remote operation activities-- (A) does not affect activities described in section 314 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1990 (33 U.S.C. 2321); (B) will address any cyber and physical security risks to such project in accordance with applicable Federal law and agency guidance; and (C) is necessary to increase the availability and capacity, as applicable, of such project, including a project on a lower use waterway; and (2) the remote operation activities were developed under a public process that included engagement with such personnel and other stakeholders who may be affected by the use of such activities. SEC. 137. HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOM DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM. Section 128 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2020 (33 U.S.C. 610 note) is amended-- (1) in subsection (a), by inserting ``or affecting water bodies of regional, national, or international importance'' after ``projects''; (2) in subsection (b)(1), by striking ``and State agencies'' and inserting ``, State, and local agencies, institutions of higher education, and private organizations, including nonprofit organizations''; (3) in subsection (c) in paragraph (6), insert ``Watershed'' after ``Okeechobee''; (4) in subsection (e), by striking ``$25,000,000'' and inserting ``$35,000,000''; and (5) by adding at the end the following: ``(f) Priority.--In carrying out the demonstration program under subsection (a), the Secretary shall, to the maximum extent possible, prioritize carrying out program activities that-- ``(1) reduce nutrient pollution; ``(2) utilize natural and nature-based approaches, including oysters; ``(3) protect, enhance, or restore wetlands or flood plains, including river and streambank stabilization; ``(4) develop technologies for remote sensing, monitoring, or early detection of harmful algal blooms, or other emerging technologies; and ``(5) combine removal of harmful algal blooms with a beneficial use, including conversion of retrieved algae biomass into biofuel, fertilizer, or other products. ``(g) Agreements.--In carrying out the demonstration program under subsection (a), the Secretary may enter into agreements with a non- Federal entity for the use or sale of successful technologies developed under this section.''. SEC. 138. SUPPORT OF ARMY CIVIL WORKS MISSIONS. Section 8159 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat. 3740) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (3), by striking ``; and'' and inserting a semicolon; (2) in paragraph (4), by striking the period at the end and inserting a semicolon; and (3) by adding at the end the following: ``(5) Western Washington University, Bellingham to conduct academic research on water quality, aquatic ecosystem restoration (including aquaculture), and the resiliency of water resources development projects in the Pacific Northwest to natural disasters; ``(6) the University of North Carolina Wilmington to conduct academic research on flood mitigation, coastal resiliency, water resource ecology, water quality, aquatic ecosystem restoration (including aquaculture), coastal restoration, and resource-related emergency management in North Carolina and Mid-Atlantic region; and ``(7) California State Polytechnic University, Pomona to conduct academic research on integrated design and management of water resources development projects, including for the purposes of flood risk management, ecosystem restoration, water supply, water conservation, and sustainable aquifer management.''. SEC. 139. NATIONAL COASTAL MAPPING PROGRAM. (a) In General.--The Secretary is authorized to carry out a national coastal mapping program to provide recurring national coastal mapping along the coasts of the United States to support Corps of Engineers navigation, flood risk management, environmental restoration, and emergency operations missions. (b) Scope.--In carrying out the program under subsection (a), the Secretary shall-- (1) disseminate coastal mapping data and new or advanced geospatial information and remote sensing tools for coastal mapping derived from the analysis of such data to the Corps of Engineers, other Federal agencies, States, and other stakeholders; (2) implement coastal surveying based on findings of the national coastal mapping study carried out under section 8110 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat. 3702); (3) conduct research and development on bathymetric liDAR and ancillary technologies necessary to advance coastal mapping capabilities in order to exploit data with increased efficiently and greater accuracy; (4) with respect to any region affected by a hurricane rated category 3 or higher-- (A) conduct coastal mapping of such region; (B) determine volume changes at Federal projects in such region; (C) quantify damage to navigation infrastructure in such region; (D) assess environmental impacts to such region, measure any coastal impacts; and (E) make any data gathered under this paragraph publicly available not later than 2 weeks after the acquisition of such data; (5) at the request of another Federal entity or a State or local government entity, provide subject matter expertise, mapping services, and technology evolution assistance; (6) enter into an agreement with another Federal agency or a State agency to accept funds from such agency to expand the coverage of the program to efficiently meet the needs of such agency; (7) coordinate with representatives of the Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, United States Geological Survey, and any other representative of a Federal agency that the Secretary determines necessary, to support any relevant Federal, State, or local agency through participation in working groups, committees, and organizations; (8) maintain the panel of senior leaders established under section 8110(e) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022; (9) convene an annual coastal mapping community of practice meeting to discuss and identify technical topics and challenges to inform such panel in carrying out the duties of such panel; and (10) to the maximum extent practicable, to procure any surveying or mapping services in accordance with chapter 11 of title 40, United States Code. (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section for each fiscal year $15,000,000, to remain available until expended. SEC. 140. WATERSHED AND RIVER BASIN ASSESSMENTS. Section 729 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2267a) is amended-- (1) in subsection (d)-- (A) in paragraph (12), by striking ``; and'' and inserting a semicolon; (B) in paragraph (13), by striking the period at the end and inserting a semicolon; and (C) by adding at the end the following: ``(14) Connecticut River Watershed, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Vermont; ``(15) Lower Rouge River Watershed, Michigan; and ``(16) Grand River Watershed, Michigan.''; and (2) by adding at the end the following: ``(g) Feasibility Report on Project Specific Recommendations From Assessments.-- ``(1) In general.--At the request of a non-Federal interest for an assessment completed under this section, the Secretary is authorized to prepare a feasibility report, in accordance with the requirements of section 905, recommending the construction or modification of a water resources development project to address a water resources need of a river basin or watershed of the United States identified in the assessment. ``(2) Priority watersheds.--In carrying out this subsection, the Secretary shall give priority to-- ``(A) the watersheds of the island of Maui, Hawaii, including the Wahikuli, Honokowai, Kahana, Honokahua, and Honolua watersheds, including the coral reef habitat north of Lahaina off the northwestern coast of the island of Maui; and ``(B) the watersheds of the Northern Mariana Islands, American Samoa, and Guam.''. SEC. 141. REMOVAL OF ABANDONED VESSELS. (a) In General.--Section 19 of the Act of March 3, 1899 (33 U.S.C. 414) is amended-- (1) by striking ``Sec. 19. (a) That whenever'' and inserting the following: ``SEC. 19. VESSEL REMOVAL BY CORPS OF ENGINEERS. ``(a) Removal of Obstructive Vessels.-- ``(1) In general.--That whenever''; (2) in subsection (b)-- (A) by striking ``described in this section'' and inserting ``described in this subsection''; and (B) by striking ``under subsection (a)'' and inserting ``under paragraph (1)''; (3) by striking ``(b) The owner'' and inserting the following: ``(2) Liability of owner, lessee, or operator.--The owner''; and (4) by adding at the end the following: ``(b) Removal of Abandoned Vessel.-- ``(1) In general.--The Secretary is authorized to remove from the navigable waters of the United States a covered vessel that does not obstruct the navigation of such waters, if-- ``(A) such removal is determined to be in the public interest by the Secretary, in consultation with any State in which the vessel is located or any Indian Tribe with jurisdiction over the area in which the vessel is located, as applicable; and ``(B) in the case of a vessel that is not under the control of the United States by reason of seizure or forfeiture, the Commandant of the Coast Guard determines that the vessel is abandoned. ``(2) Interagency agreements.--In removing a covered vessel under this subsection, the Secretary-- ``(A) shall enter into an interagency agreement with the head of any Federal department, agency, or instrumentality that has control of such vessel; and ``(B) is authorized to accept funds from such department, agency, or instrumentality for the removal of such vessel. ``(3) Liability.--The owner of a covered vessel shall be liable to the United States for the costs of removal, destruction, and disposal of such vessel under this subsection. ``(4) Covered vessel defined.-- ``(A) In general.--In this subsection, the term `covered vessel' means a vessel-- ``(i) determined to be abandoned by the Commandant of the Coast Guard; or ``(ii) under the control of the United States by reason of seizure or forfeiture pursuant to any law. ``(B) Exclusion.--The term `covered vessel' does not include-- ``(i) any vessel for which the Secretary has removal authority under subsection (a) or section 20; ``(ii) an abandoned barge for which the Commandant of the Coast Guard has the authority to remove under chapter 47 of title 46, United States Code; and ``(iii) a vessel-- ``(I) for which the owner is not identified, unless determined to be abandoned by the Commandant of the Coast Guard; or ``(II) for which the owner has not agreed to pay the costs of removal, destruction, or disposal. ``(5) Authorization of appropriations.--There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2025 through 2029.''. (b) Conforming Amendment.--Section 20 of the Act of March 3, 1899 (33 U.S.C. 416) is amended by striking ``the preceding section of this Act'' and inserting ``section 19(a)''. SEC. 142. CORROSION PREVENTION. Section 1033(c) of the Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014 (33 U.S.C. 2350(c)) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (2), by striking ``; and'' and inserting a semicolon; (2) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (4); and (3) by inserting after paragraph (2) the following: ``(3) the carrying out of an activity described in paragraph (1) or (2) through a program in corrosion prevention that is-- ``(A) offered or accredited by an organization that sets industry standards for corrosion mitigation and prevention; or ``(B) an industrial coatings applicator program that is-- ``(i) an employment and training activity (as defined in section 3 of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (29 U.S.C. 3102)); or ``(ii) registered under the Act of August 16, 1937 (commonly known as the `National Apprenticeship Act'; 50 Stat. 664, chapter 663; 29 U.S.C. 50 et seq.); and''. SEC. 143. MISSOURI RIVER EXISTING FEATURES PROTECTION. (a) In General.--Before carrying out a covered action with respect to a covered in-river feature, the Secretary shall perform an analysis to identify whether such action will-- (1) contribute to adverse effects of increased water levels during flood events adjacent to the covered in-river feature; (2) increase risk of flooding on commercial and residential structures and critical infrastructure adjacent to the covered in-river feature; (3) decrease water levels during droughts adjacent to the covered in-river feature; (4) affect the navigation channel, including crossflows, velocity, channel depth, and channel width, adjacent to the covered in-river feature; (5) contribute to bank erosion on private lands adjacent to the covered in-river feature; (6) affect ports or harbors adjacent to the covered in- river feature; or (7) affect harvesting of sand adjacent to the covered in- river feature. (b) Mitigation.--If the Secretary determines that a covered action will result in an outcome described in subsection (a), the Secretary shall mitigate such outcome. (c) Savings Clause.--Nothing in this section may be construed to affect the requirements of section 906 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2283). (d) Definitions.--In this section: (1) Covered action.--The term ``covered action'' means the construction of, modification of, operational changes to, or implementation of a covered in-river feature. (2) Covered in-river feature.--The term ``covered in-river feature'' means in-river features on the Missouri River used to create and maintain dike notches, chutes, and complexes for interception or rearing authorized pursuant to section 601(a) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (100 Stat. 4143; 113 Stat. 306; 121 Stat. 1155) and section 334 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (113 Stat. 306; 136 Stat. 3799). SEC. 144. FEDERAL BREAKWATERS AND JETTIES. Section 8101 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (33 U.S.C. 2351b) is amended-- (1) by inserting ``, pile dike,'' after ``jetty'' each place it appears; and (2) in subsection (b)(2)-- (A) by striking ``if'' and all that follows through ``the Secretary'' and inserting ``if the Secretary''; (B) by striking ``breakwater; and'' and inserting ``breakwater and--'' (C) by redesignating subparagraph (B) as subparagraph (A); (D) in subparagraph (A) (as so redesignated), by striking the period at the end and inserting ``; or''; and (E) by adding at the end the following: ``(B) the pile dike has disconnected from an authorized navigation project as a result of a lack of such regular and routine Federal maintenance activity.''. SEC. 145. TEMPORARY RELOCATION ASSISTANCE PILOT PROGRAM. Section 8154(g)(1) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat. 3734) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``(F) Project for hurricane and storm damage risk reduction, Norfolk Coastal Storm Risk Management, Virginia, authorized by section 401(3) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2020 (134 Stat. 2738).''. SEC. 146. EASEMENTS FOR HURRICANE AND STORM DAMAGE REDUCTION PROJECTS. (a) In General.--With respect to a project for hurricane and storm damage reduction for which the Secretary is requiring a perpetual easement, the Secretary shall, upon request by the non-Federal interest for the project, certify real estate availability and proceed to construction of such project with a nonperpetual easement if-- (1) such certification and construction are in compliance with the terms of the report of the Chief of Engineers for the project and the applicable project partnership agreement; and (2) the Secretary provides the non-Federal interest with formal notice that, in the event in which the nonperpetual easement expires and is not extended, the Secretary will be unable to-- (A) fulfill the Federal responsibility with respect to the project or carry out any required nourishment of the project under the existing project authorization; (B) carry out repair and rehabilitation of the project under section 5 of the Act of August 18, 1941 (33 U.S.C. 701n); and (C) provide any other relevant Federal assistance with respect to the project. (b) Disclosure.--For any project for hurricane storm damage risk reduction, or a proposal to modify such a project, that is authorized after the date of enactment of this Act for which a perpetual easement is required for Federal participation in the project, the Secretary shall include in the report of the Chief of Engineers for the project a disclosure of such requirement. (c) Management.--To the maximum extent practicable, the Secretary shall, at the request of the non-Federal interest for a project for hurricane storm damage risk reduction, identify and accept the minimum real estate interests necessary to carry out the project, in accordance with section 103. (d) Hurricane and Storm Damage Reduction Project Implementation.-- (1) In general.--During the 2-year period beginning on the date of enactment of this Act, notwithstanding any requirement of the Secretary for a covered project to comply with the memorandum of the Corps of Engineers entitled ``Standard Estates - Perpetual Beach Nourishment and Perpetual Restrictive Dune Easement'' and dated August 4, 1995, the Secretary shall carry out each covered project in a manner consistent with the previously completed initial construction and periodic nourishments of the project, including repair and restoration work on the project under section 5(a) of the Act of August 18, 1941 (33 U.S.C. 701n(a)). (2) Covered project defined.--In this subsection, the term ``covered project'' means an authorized project for hurricane and storm damage reduction in any one of the following locations: (A) Brevard County, Canaveral Harbor, Florida - Mid Reach. (B) Brevard County, Canaveral Harbor, Florida - North Reach. (C) Brevard County, Canaveral Harbor, Florida - South Reach. (D) Broward County, Florida - Segment II. (E) Broward County, Florida - Segment III. (F) Dade County, Florida - Main Segment. (G) Dade County, Florida - Sunny Isles Segment. (H) Duval County, Florida. (I) Fort Pierce Beach, Florida. (J) Lee County, Florida - Captiva. (K) Lee County, Florida - Gasparilla. (L) Manatee County, Florida. (M) Martin County, Florida. (N) Nassau County, Florida. (O) Palm Beach County, Florida - Jupiter/Carlin Segment. (P) Palm Beach County, Florida - Delray Segment. (Q) Palm Beach County, Florida - Mid Town. (R) Palm Beach County, Florida - North Boca. (S) Palm Beach County, Florida - Ocean Ridge. (T) Panama City Beaches, Florida. (U) Pinellas County, Florida - Long Key. (V) Pinellas County, Florida - Sand Key Segment. (W) Pinellas County, Florida -Treasure Island. (X) Sarasota, Lido Key, Florida. (Y) Sarasota County, Florida - Venice Beach. (Z) St. Johns County, Florida - St. Augustine Beach. (AA) St. Johns County, Florida - Vilano Segment. (BB) St. Lucie County, Florida - Hutchinson Island. (3) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that, for the purpose of constructing and maintaining a project for hurricane and storm damage risk reduction, the minimum estate necessary for easements may not exceed the life of the project nor be less than 50 years. (e) Savings Clause.--Nothing in this section may be construed to affect the requirements of section 103(d) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2213(d)). SEC. 147. SHORELINE AND RIVERINE PROTECTION AND RESTORATION. Section 212(e)(2) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (33 U.S.C. 2332(e)(2)) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``(L) Shoreline of the State of Connecticut.''. SEC. 148. SENSE OF CONGRESS RELATED TO WATER DATA. It is the sense of Congress that, for the purpose of improving water resources management, the Secretary should-- (1) develop and implement a framework for integrating, sharing, and using water data; (2) identify and prioritize key water data needed to support water resources management and planning, including-- (A) water data sets, types, and associated metadata; and (B) water data infrastructure, technologies, and tools; (3) in consultation with other Federal agencies, States, Indian Tribes, local governments, and relevant stakeholders, develop and adopt common national standards for collecting, sharing, and integrating water data, infrastructure, technologies, and tools; (4) ensure that water data is publicly accessible and interoperable; (5) integrate water data and tools through nationwide approaches to data infrastructure, platforms, models, and tool development; and (6) support the adoption of new technologies and the development of tools for water data collection, sharing, and standardization. SEC. 149. SENSE OF CONGRESS RELATING TO COMPREHENSIVE BENEFITS. It is the sense of Congress that in carrying out any feasibility study, the Secretary should follow, to the maximum extent practicable-- (1) the guidance described in the memoranda relating to ``Comprehensive Documentation of Benefits in Feasibility Studies'', dated April 3, 2020, and April 13, 2020, and signed by the Assistant Secretary for Civil Works and the Director of Civil Works, respectively; and (2) the policies described in the memorandum relating to ``Policy Directive - Comprehensive Documentation of Benefits in Decision Document'' dated January 5, 2021, and signed by the Assistant Secretary for Civil Works. SEC. 150. REPORTING AND OVERSIGHT. (a) Initial Report.-- (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committees on Transportation and Infrastructure and Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the Committees on Environment and Public Works and Appropriations of the Senate a report detailing the status of the reports described in paragraph (2). (2) Reports described.--The reports described in this paragraph are the following: (A) The comprehensive backlog and operation and maintenance report required under section 1001(b)(2) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 579a(b)(2)). (B) The report on managed aquifer recharge required under section 8108(d) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (33 U.S.C. 2357(d)). (C) The plan on beneficial use of dredged material required under section 8130(a) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat. 3717). (D) The updated report on Corps of Engineers Reservoirs required under section 8153 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat. 3734). (E) The report on dredge capacity require under section 8205 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat. 3754). (F) The report on the assessment of the consequences of changing operation and maintenance responsibilities required under section 8206 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat. 3756). (G) The report on the western infrastructure study required under section 8208 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat. 3756). (H) The report on excess lands for Whittier Narrows Dam, California, required under section 8213 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat. 3758). (I) The report on recreational boating in the Great Lakes basin required under section 8218 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat. 3761). (J) The report on the disposition study on hydropower in the Willamette Valley, Oregon, required under section 8220 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat 3762). (K) The report on corrosion prevention activities required under section 8234 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat. 3767). (3) Elements.--The Secretary shall include in the report required under paragraph (1) the following information with respect to each report described in paragraph (2): (A) A summary of the status of each such report, including if the report has been initiated. (B) The amount of funds that-- (i) have been made available to carry out each such report; and (ii) the Secretary requires to complete each such report. (C) A detailed assessment of how the Secretary intends to complete each such report, including an anticipated timeline for completion. (D) Any available information that is relevant to each such report that would inform the committees described in paragraph (1). (b) Annual Reports.-- (1) In general.--Not later than 10 days after the date on which the budget of the President for each fiscal year is submitted to Congress pursuant to section 1105 of title 31, United States Code, the Secretary shall submit to the Committees on Transportation and Infrastructure and Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the Committees on Environment and Public Works and Appropriations of the Senate a report on the status of each covered report. (2) Elements.--The Secretary shall include in the report required under paragraph (1) the following information: (A) A summary of the status of each covered report, including if each such report has been initiated. (B) The amount of funds that-- (i) have been made available to carry out each such report; and (ii) the Secretary requires to complete each such report. (C) A detailed assessment of how the Secretary intends to complete each covered report, including an anticipated timeline for completion. (3) Publicly available.--The Secretary shall make each report required under paragraph (1) publicly available on the website of the Corps of Engineers. (4) Notification of committees.--The Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on the Environment and Public Works of the Senate on an annual basis a draft of each covered report. (5) Definition of covered report.--In this subsection, the term ``covered report''-- (A) means any report or study required to be submitted by the Secretary under this Act or any Act providing authorizations for water resources development projects enacted after the date of enactment of this Act to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate that has not been so submitted; and (B) does not include a feasibility study (as such term is defined in section 105 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2215(d)). SEC. 151. SACRAMENTO RIVER WATERSHED NATIVE AMERICAN SITE AND CULTURAL RESOURCE PROTECTION PILOT PROGRAM. (a) Establishment.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall establish a pilot program in accordance with this section to protect Native American burial sites, village sites, and cultural resources identified or discovered at civil works projects in the watershed of the Sacramento River and its tributaries, including the American, Bear, Yuba, and Feather Rivers, in the State of California. (b) Reburial.-- (1) Reburial areas.--In carrying out the pilot program, the Secretary shall, in consultation with and with the consent of each affected Indian Tribe, identify, and, as applicable, cooperate with appropriate Tribal, local, State, and Federal Government property owners to set aside, areas that may be used for the reburial of Native American human remains and funerary objects that-- (A) have been identified or discovered at the site of a covered civil works project; (B) have been rightfully claimed by any affected Indian Tribe; and (C) can be reburied in such areas in a manner secure from future disturbances, with the consent of such property owner or owners, as applicable. (2) Recovery and reburial standards.-- (A) Timing of recovery.-- (i) Requirements.--In carrying out the pilot program, the Secretary shall work in good faith with each affected Indian Tribe, and each owner of property affected by the recovery process, to ensure that-- (I) the recovery of a burial site, village site, or cultural resources from the site of a covered civil works project under the pilot program is completed, pursuant to a written plan or protocol, not later than 45 days after the initiation of such recovery; and (II) with respect to a burial site, village site, or cultural resources identified at the site of a covered civil works project before construction of the covered civil works project commences, such recovery is completed before such construction commences on the portion of the covered civil works project affected by the recovery process. (ii) Alternative timetable.-- Notwithstanding the deadlines established by clause (i), the Secretary, each relevant non- Federal interest for the covered civil works project, each affected Indian Tribe, and each owner of property affected by the recovery process may negotiate and agree to an alternative timetable for recovery other than that required by such clause, based on the circumstances of the applicable covered civil works project. (B) Guidance.--In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary shall develop and issue written guidance for recovery and reburial under the pilot program that meets or exceeds the recovery and reburial standards in policy statements and guidance issued by the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation. (C) Eminent domain prohibition.--No Federal entity may exercise the power of eminent domain to acquire any property to be used for reburial under the pilot program. (3) Recovery and reburial.-- (A) Recovery and reburial by secretary.--In carrying out the pilot program, the Secretary shall, at Federal expense, in consultation with and with the consent of each affected Indian Tribe, and with appropriate dignity and in accordance with the guidance developed under paragraph (2)-- (i) recover any cultural resources identified or discovered at the site of a covered civil works project and rightfully claimed by any affected Indian Tribe; (ii) rebury any human remains and funerary objects so recovered at the applicable areas identified and set aside under paragraph (1); and (iii) repatriate any other cultural resources so recovered to the affected Indian Tribe that has rightfully claimed such cultural resources. (B) Tribal authorization.-- (i) In general.--Upon the request of an affected Indian Tribe, the Secretary shall authorize, pursuant to a memorandum of agreement entered into under clause (ii), the Indian Tribe to assume recovery and reburial responsibilities under the pilot program of cultural resources that have been rightfully claimed by the affected Indian Tribe, and shall reimburse the affected Indian Tribe for reasonable costs directly related to such recovery and reburial. (ii) Memorandum of agreement.--In carrying out clause (i)-- (I) with respect to a burial site, village site, or cultural resources identified at a covered civil works project before construction of the project commences, the Secretary shall, upon request by the affected Indian Tribe, enter into a written memorandum of agreement with the affected Indian Tribe to authorize the necessary recovery and reburial activities before such construction commences; and (II) with respect to a burial site, village site, or cultural resources discovered at a covered civil works project after construction of the project commences, the Secretary shall, upon request by the affected Indian Tribe, enter into a written memorandum of agreement with the affected Indian Tribe to authorize the necessary recovery and reburial activities not later than 45 days after such discovery. (iii) Limitation.--Reimbursement under clause (i) shall not exceed 1 percent of the total cost of construction of the applicable covered civil works project, pursuant to the terms outlined in paragraph (6). (4) Tribal monitors.-- (A) In general.--In carrying out the pilot program, the Secretary may hire a Tribal monitor or monitors, and shall allow any affected Indian Tribe to hire a Tribal monitor or monitors, at Federal expense, during the construction of any covered civil works project, for each area of construction, including for each burial site and village site with respect to which Native American cultural resources are being recovered for reburial. (B) Qualifications.--The Secretary or affected Indian Tribe, as applicable, shall ensure that preference in hiring Tribal monitors under this paragraph is provided to qualified Native Americans, including individuals who-- (i) have a professional relationship with the affected Indian Tribe; or (ii) possess knowledge of, and expertise in, the customs of the affected Indian Tribe. (C) Limitation.--The Federal expense of Tribal monitors hired under this paragraph shall not exceed 1 percent of the total cost of construction of the applicable covered civil works project, pursuant to the terms outlined in paragraph (6). (5) Identification and inventory.--In carrying out the pilot program, the Secretary shall accept identifications made by an affected Indian Tribe of Native American burial sites and village sites at the site of a covered civil works project, and include such identifications in any inventory document for such project. (6) Timing of payments.--The Secretary shall enter into a contract or other agreement to make a payment to an affected Indian Tribe for reimbursement of reasonable costs under paragraph (3)(B) or actual expenses under paragraph (4), subject to market-based pricing, which payment shall be made not later than 90 days after the affected Indian Tribe submits an invoice for such costs or expenses to the Secretary. (c) Conveyance Authority.-- (1) In general.--Subject to paragraph (2), notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary may convey to an affected Indian Tribe for use as a cemetery or reburial area any area that is located on land owned by the Department of the Army and is identified and set aside under subsection (b)(1). (2) Retention of necessary property interests.--In carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary shall retain any necessary right-of-way, easement, or other property interest that the Secretary determines to be necessary to carry out the authorized purposes of any Corps of Engineers project related to the conveyed land. (d) Confidentiality of Information Provided.-- (1) In general.--In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary shall develop and issue written guidance regarding the confidentiality of information provided to the Department of the Army by Indian Tribes in connection with any covered civil works project under the pilot program. (2) Nonpublic information.--The following information provided to the Department of the Army by an Indian Tribe under the pilot program shall be treated as confidential and nonpublic information, to protect Native American burial sites, village sites, and cultural resources, and their locations, from unauthorized excavation, desecration, or vandalism: (A) Information regarding the locations of burial sites, village sites, and cultural resources, including maps designating such locations. (B) Information regarding cultural or traditional practices related to such sites or resources. (e) Avoidance of Duplication.--In carrying out the pilot program, the Secretary shall avoid, to the maximum extent practicable, duplication of efforts relating to compliance with this section and any other applicable provision of law. (f) Applicability.-- (1) In general.--Section 208 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2000 (33 U.S.C. 2338) shall not apply to a covered civil works project during the period during which the Secretary is carrying out the pilot program. (2) Existing contracts.--Nothing in this section shall affect any contract relating to a covered civil works project entered into by the Secretary of the Army before the date of enactment of this Act. (g) Period.--The Secretary shall carry out the pilot program until the date that is 4 years after the date on which the pilot program is established. (h) Definitions.--In this section: (1) Affected indian tribe.--The term ``affected Indian Tribe'' means any Indian Tribe that attaches religious or other significance to any burial site, village site, or cultural resources identified or discovered at a covered civil works project. (2) Burial site.--The term ``burial site'' means any natural or prepared physical location, whether originally below, on, or above the surface of the earth, where Native American cultural resources are present as a result of a death rite or ceremony of a culture. (3) Covered civil works project.--The term ``covered civil works project'' means a civil works project that is-- (A) located in the watershed of the Sacramento River and its tributaries, including the American, Bear, Yuba, and Feather Rivers, within the State of California; (B) being constructed, reconstructed, or repaired, or operated and maintained, using Federal funds; and (C) owned, authorized, permitted, carried out, or operated and maintained by the Department of the Army, including a project carried out by a non-Federal interest under section 204 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2232) or section 1043 of the Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014 (33 U.S.C. 2201 note). (4) Cultural resources.--The term ``cultural resources'' means-- (A) human remains; or (B) funerary objects or other ceremonial objects. (5) Funerary objects.--The term ``funerary objects'' means items that are associated with the death rite or ceremony of a culture. (6) Human remains.--The term ``human remains'' means the physical remains of a human body, including such remains that have been cremated and that may be in any state of decomposition or skeletal completeness (including ashes or small bone fragments). (7) Indian tribe.--The term ``Indian Tribe'' has the meaning given that term in section 102 of the Federally Recognized Indian Tribe List Act of 1994 (25 U.S.C. 5130). (8) Pilot program.--The term ``pilot program'' means the pilot program established under this section. (9) Rightfully claimed.--The term ``rightfully claimed'' means claimed by-- (A) with respect to cultural resources identified or discovered on Federal or Tribal lands at the site of a covered civil works project-- (i) the person or entity with ownership or control of the cultural resources under section 3 of the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (25 U.S.C. 3002); or (ii) with respect to cultural resources not subject to such Act, the appropriate person or entity determined in accordance with the priority order established by such section; and (B) with respect to cultural resources identified or discovered on other lands at the site of a covered civil works project-- (i) in the case of Native American human remains and funerary objects associated with such remains, the lineal descendants of the Native American, as determined in accordance with the laws of the State of California; or (ii) in any case in which such lineal descendants cannot be ascertained, and in the case of other funerary objects or other ceremonial objects-- (I) the Indian Tribe that has the closest cultural affiliation with the cultural resources; or (II) if the cultural affiliation of the cultural resources cannot be reasonably ascertained-- (aa) the Indian Tribe that is recognized as aboriginally occupying the area in which the cultural resources were identified or discovered; or (bb) if it can be shown by a preponderance of the evidence that a different Indian Tribe has a stronger cultural relationship with the cultural resources than the Indian Tribe specified in item (aa), the Indian Tribe that has the strongest demonstrated relationship with such cultural resources. (10) Village site.--The term ``village site'' means any natural or prepared physical location, whether below, on, or above the surface of the earth, where a Native American village has been present. SEC. 152. EMERGENCY DROUGHT OPERATIONS PILOT PROGRAM. (a) Definition of Covered Project.--In this section, the term ``covered project'' means a project-- (1) that is located in the State of California, the State of Nevada, or the State of Arizona; and (2)(A) of the Corps of Engineers for which water supply is an authorized purpose; or (B) for which the Secretary develops a water control manual under section 7 of the Act of December 22, 1944 (commonly known as the ``Flood Control Act of 1944'') (58 Stat. 890, chapter 665; 33 U.S.C. 709). (b) Emergency Operation During Drought.--Consistent with other authorized project purposes and in coordination with the non-Federal interest, in operating a covered project during a drought emergency in the project area, the Secretary may carry out a pilot program to operate the covered project with water supply as the primary project purpose. (c) Updates.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary may update the water control manual for a covered project to include drought operations and contingency plans. (d) Requirements.--In carrying out subsection (b), the Secretary shall ensure that-- (1) operations described in that subsection-- (A) are consistent with water management deviations and drought contingency plans in the water control manual for the covered project; (B) impact only the flood pool managed by the Secretary; and (C) shall not be carried out in the event of a forecast or anticipated flood or weather event that would require flood risk management to take precedence; (2) to the maximum extent practicable, the Secretary uses forecast-informed reservoir operations; and (3) the covered project returns to the operations that were in place prior to the use of the authority provided under that subsection at a time determined by the Secretary, in coordination with the non-Federal interest. (e) Contributed Funds.--The Secretary may receive and expend funds contributed by a non-Federal interest to carry out activities under this section. (f) Report.-- (1) In general.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate and the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives a report on the pilot program carried out under this section. (2) Inclusions.--The Secretary shall include in the report under paragraph (1) a description of the activities of the Secretary that were carried out for each covered project and any lessons learned from carrying out those activities. (g) Limitations.--Nothing in this section-- (1) affects, modifies, or changes the authorized purposes of a covered project; (2) affects existing Corps of Engineers authorities, including authorities with respect to navigation, hydropower, flood damage reduction, and environmental protection and restoration; (3) affects the ability of the Corps of Engineers to provide for temporary deviations; (4) affects the application of a cost-share requirement under section 101, 102, or 103 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2211, 2212, 2213); (5) supersedes or modifies any written agreement between the Federal Government and a non-Federal interest that is in effect on the date of enactment of this Act; (6) supersedes or modifies any amendment to an existing multistate water control plan for the Colorado River Basin, if applicable; (7) affects any water right in existence on the date of enactment of this Act; (8) preempts or affects any State water law or interstate compact governing water; (9) affects existing water supply agreements between the Secretary and the non-Federal interest; or (10) affects any obligation to comply with the provisions of any Federal or State environmental law, including-- (A) the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.); (B) the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.); and (C) the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.). SEC. 153. REPORT ON MINIMUM REAL ESTATE INTEREST. (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that through this Act, as well as through section 1115 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2018, that Congress has provided the Secretary all of the authority, and all of the direction, needed to acquire interests in real estate that are less than fee simple title. (b) Report.--Not later than 90 days after the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report indicating whether they agree with the sense of Congress in subsection (a). (c) Disagreement.--Should the result of report required in subsection (b) be that the Secretary disagrees with the sense of Congress in subsection (a), not later than 1 year after the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report specifying recommendations and technical drafting assistance for statutory language that would provide the Secretary the intended authority and expressed in subsection (a). SEC. 154. LEVEE OWNERS BOARD. Section 9003 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (33 U.S.C. 3302) is amended to read as follows: ``SEC. 9003. LEVEE OWNERS BOARD. ``(a) Establishment of Owners Board.--There is hereby established a Levee Owners Board (hereinafter in this section referred to as the `Owners Board') composed of the eleven members appointed by the Secretary. The members shall be appointed so as to represent various regions of the country, including at least one Federal levee system owner-operator from each of the eight civil works divisions of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. The Secretary of the Army shall designate, and the Administrator of FEMA may designate, a representative to act as an observer of the Owners Board. ``(1) Terms of members.-- ``(A) In general.--A member of the Owners Board shall be appointed for a period of 3 years. ``(B) Reappointment.--A member of the Owners Board may be reappointed to the Owners Board, as the Secretary determines to be appropriate. ``(C) Vacancies.--A vacancy on the Owners Board shall be filled in the same manner as the original appointment was made. ``(2) Chairperson.-- ``(A) In general.--The members of the Owners Board shall appoint a chairperson from among the members of the Owners Board. ``(b) Duties of the Owners Board.-- ``(1) In general.-- The Owners Board shall meet not less frequently than semiannually to develop and make recommendations to the Secretary and Congress regarding levee system reliability throughout the United States. ``(2) Advice and recommendations.--The Owners Board shall provide-- ``(A) prior to the development of the budget proposal of the President for a given fiscal year, advice and recommendations to the Secretary regarding overall levee system reliability; ``(B) advice and recommendations to Congress regarding any feasibility report for a flood risk management project that has been submitted to Congress; ``(C) not later than 60 days after the date of the submission of the budget proposal of the President to Congress, advice and recommendations to Congress regarding flood risk management project construction and rehabilitation priorities and corresponding spending levels; ``(D) advice and recommendations to the Secretary and the Congress regarding effectiveness of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers levee safety program, including comments and recommendations on the budgets and expenditures as described in subsection (c)(2); and ``(E) advice and recommendations to the Secretary, the Congress, and the Administrator regarding effectiveness of the levee safety initiative established by section 9005, including comments and recommendations on the budgets and expenditures described in subsection (c)(2). ``(3) Independent judgment.--Any advice or recommendations made by the Owners Board shall reflect the independent judgment of the Owners Board. ``(c) Duties of the Secretary.--The Secretary shall-- ``(1) designate an Executive Secretary who shall assist the Chairman in administering the Owners Board and ensuring that the Owners Board operates in accordance with chapter 10 of title 5, United States Code; ``(2) provide to the Owners Board such detailed reports of Corps activities and expenditures related to flood risk management and levees, including for the Corps levee safety program and the levee safety initiative, not less frequently than semiannually; and ``(3) submit to the Owners Board a courtesy copy of any completed feasibility report for a flood risk management project submitted to Congress. ``(d) Administration.-- ``(1) In general.--The Owners Board shall be subject to chapter 10 of title 5, other than section 1013, and with the consent of the appropriate agency head, the Owners Board may use the facilities and services of any Federal agency. ``(2) Members not considered special government employees.--For the purposes of complying with chapter 10 of title 5, United States Code, the members of the Owners Board shall not be considered special Government employees (as defined in section 202 of title 18, United States Code). ``(3) Travel expense.--Non-Federal members of the Owners Board while engaged in the performance of their duties away from their homes or regular places of business, may be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, as authorized by section 5703 of title 5, United States Code.''. SEC. 155. DEFINITION. For the purposes of this Act, the term ``State'' shall have the meaning given to such term in the Act of October 15, 1940 (33 U.S.C. 701h-1). TITLE II--STUDIES AND REPORTS SEC. 201. AUTHORIZATION OF PROPOSED FEASIBILITY STUDIES. (a) New Projects.--The Secretary is authorized to conduct a feasibility study for the following projects for water resources development and conservation and other purposes, as identified in the reports titled ``Report to Congress on Future Water Resources Development'' submitted to Congress pursuant to section 7001 of the Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014 (33 U.S.C. 2282d) or otherwise reviewed by Congress: (1) Luxapallila creek, millport, alabama.--Project for flood risk management, Town of Millport and vicinity, Alabama. (2) Yavapai county, arizona.--Project for flood risk management, Yavapai County, in the vicinity of the City of Cottonwood, Arizona. (3) Clear lake, california.--Project for flood risk management and ecosystem restoration, Clear Lake, Lake County, California. (4) Cosumnes river watershed, california.--Project for flood risk management, ecosystem restoration, water supply, and related purposes, Cosumnes River watershed, California. (5) Hesperia, california.--Project for flood risk management, city of Hesperia, California. (6) Pillar point harbor, california.--Project for flood risk management and storm damage risk reduction, Pillar Point Harbor, California. (7) Rialto channel, california.--Project for flood risk management, Rialto Channel, city of Rialto and vicinity, California. (8) Salinas river, california.--Project for flood risk management and ecosystem restoration, Salinas River, California. (9) San bernardino, california.--Project for flood risk management, city of San Bernardino, California. (10) San diego bay, california.--Project for flood risk management, San Diego Bay, California. (11) San diego and orange counties, california.--Project for flood and coastal storm risk management and ecosystem restoration, San Diego and Orange Counties, California. (12) San felipe lake and pajaro river, san benito county, california.--Project for flood risk management, San Felipe Lake and Pajaro River, San Benito County, California. (13) City of san mateo, california.--Project for flood risk management, including stormwater runoff reduction, City of San Mateo, California. (14) Santa ana river, anaheim, california.--Project for flood risk management, water supply, and recreation, Santa Ana River, Anaheim, California. (15) Santa ana river, jurupa valley, california.--Project for ecosystem restoration and recreation, Santa Ana River, Jurupa Valley, California. (16) Sweetwater reservoir, california.--Project for ecosystem restoration and water supply, Sweetwater Reservoir, California. (17) Fountain creek and tributaries, colorado.--Project for flood risk management and ecosystem restoration, Fountain Creek, Colorado Springs and Pueblo, Colorado. (18) City of norwalk, connecticut.--Project for flood risk management, City of Norwalk, Connecticut, in the vicinity of the Norwalk wastewater treatment plant. (19) Connecticut shoreline, connecticut.--Project for hurricane and storm damage risk reduction, Connecticut shoreline, Connecticut. (20) Park river conduit, city of hartford, connecticut.-- Project for flood risk management, including stormwater management, City of Hartford, Connecticut and vicinity. (21) Westport beaches, connecticut.--Project for hurricane and storm damage risk reduction and ecosystem restoration, Westport, Connecticut. (22) Delaware inland bays watershed, delaware.--Project for flood risk management, hurricane and storm risk reduction, and ecosystem restoration, including shoreline stabilization, Delaware Inland Bays watershed, Delaware. (23) Town of milton, delaware.--Project for flood risk management, Town of Milton, Delaware. (24) City of wilmington, delaware.--Project for flood risk management and hurricane and storm risk reduction, City of Wilmington, Delaware. (25) Anacostia river bank and seawalls, district of columbia and maryland.--Project for navigation, ecosystem restoration, and recreation, including dredging and sediment management, Anacostia River bank and seawalls, Washington, District of Columbia, and Prince George's County, Maryland. (26) Fletchers cove, district of columbia.--Project for recreation, including dredging, Fletchers Cove, District of Columbia. (27) East lake tohopekaliga, florida.--Project for flood risk management and ecosystem restoration, including sediment and debris management, East Lake Tohopekaliga, Florida. (28) Florida spaceport system marine intermodal transportation wharf, florida.--Project for navigation, Florida Spaceport System Marine Intermodal Transportation Wharf, in the vicinity of Cape Canaveral, Florida. (29) Fort george inlet, jacksonville, florida.--Project for coastal storm risk management, including shoreline damage prevention and mitigation, Fort George Inlet, city of Jacksonville, Florida. (30) Lake conway, florida.--Project for flood risk management, navigation, and ecosystem restoration, including sediment and debris management, Lake Conway, Florida. (31) Macdill air force base, tampa, florida.--Project for hurricane and storm damage risk reduction and ecosystem restoration in the vicinity of MacDill Air Force Base, City of Tampa, Florida. (32) Palatka barge port, putnam county, florida.--Project for navigation, Palatka Barge Port, Putnam County, Florida. (33) Camp creek tributary, georgia.--Project for flood risk management and ecosystem restoration, including stream restoration, along the Camp Creek Tributary in Fulton County, Georgia. (34) College park, georgia.--Project for flood risk management, City of College Park, Georgia. (35) Proctor creek, smyrna, georgia.--Project for flood risk management, Proctor Creek, Smyrna, Georgia, including Jonquil Driver Stormwater Park. (36) Tybee island, georgia.--Project for ecosystem restoration and hurricane and storm damage risk reduction, Tybee Island, Georgia, including by incorporating other Federal studies conducted on the effect of the construction of Savannah Harbor Channel on the shoreline of Tybee Island. (37) Guam.--Project for flood risk management and coastal storm risk management, Guam. (38) Kaua`i, hawaii.--Project for flood and coastal storm risk management, county of Kaua`i, Hawaii. (39) Kaiaka-waialua watershed, hawaii.--Project for flood risk management, Kaiaka-Waialua watershed, O`ahu, Hawaii. (40) Berwyn, illinois.--Project for comprehensive flood risk management, City of Berwyn, Illinois. (41) Butterfield creek, illinois.--Project for flood risk management and ecosystem restoration, Butterfield Creek, Illinois. (42) Franklin park, illinois.--Project for flood risk management, ecosystem restoration, and water supply, Village of Franklin Park, Illinois. (43) Rocky ripple, indiana.--Project for flood risk management, Town of Rocky Ripple, Indiana. (44) Bayou rigaud to caminada pass, louisiana.--Project for navigation, Bayou Rigaud to Caminada Pass, Louisiana. (45) Hagaman chute, lake providence, louisiana.--Project for navigation, including widening, Hagaman Chute, Lake Providence, Louisiana. (46) Lake pontchartrain storm surge reduction project, louisiana.--Project for hurricane and storm damage risk reduction, Lake Pontchartrain, Orleans, St. Tammany, Tangipahoa, Livingston, St. James, St. John, St. Charles, Jefferson, and St. Bernard Parishes, Louisiana. (47) Livingston parish flood protection, louisiana.-- Project for flood risk management, Livingston Parish, Louisiana. (48) Natchitoches, louisiana.--Project for flood risk management, City of Natchitoches, Louisiana. (49) New orleans metro area, louisiana.--Project for ecosystem restoration and water supply, including mitigation of saltwater wedges, for the City of New Orleans and metro area, Louisiana. (50) Pilottown, louisiana.--Project for navigation and flood risk management, including dredging, in the vicinity of Pilottown, Plaquemines Parish, Louisiana. (51) Baltimore inland flooding, maryland.--Project for inland flood risk management, City of Baltimore and Baltimore County, Maryland. (52) Beaverdam creek, prince george's county, maryland.-- Project for flood risk management, Beaverdam Creek, Prince George's County, Maryland, in the vicinity of United States Route 50 and railroads. (53) Maryland beaches, maryland.--Project for hurricane and storm damage risk reduction and flood risk management in the vicinity of United States Route 1, Maryland. (54) Cape cod canal, massachusetts.--Project for recreation, Cape Cod Canal, in the vicinity of Tidal Flats Recreation Area, Massachusetts. (55) Leominster, massachusetts.--Project for flood risk management, City of Leominster, Massachusetts. (56) Lower cobb brook, massachusetts.--Project for flood risk management, Lower Cobb Brook, City of Taunton, Massachusetts. (57) Sunset bay, charles river, massachusetts.--Project for navigation, flood risk management, recreation, and ecosystem restoration, including dredging, in the vicinity of Sunset Bay, Charles River, cities of Boston, Watertown, and Newton, Massachusetts. (58) Squantum causeway, massachusetts.--Project for flood and coastal storm risk management, Squantum, in the vicinity of East Squantum Street and Dorchester Street Causeway, Quincy, Massachusetts. (59) Town neck beach, sandwich, massachusetts.--Project for flood risk management and coastal storm risk management, including shoreline damage prevention and mitigation, Town Neck Beach, town of Sandwich, Massachusetts. (60) Westport harbor, massachusetts.--Project for flood risk management, hurricane and storm damage risk reduction, and navigation, including improvements to the breakwater at Westport Harbor, Town of Westport, Massachusetts. (61) Ann arbor, michigan.--Project for water supply, Ann Arbor, Michigan. (62) Kalamazoo river watershed, michigan.--Project for flood risk management and ecosystem restoration, Kalamazoo River Watershed and tributaries, Michigan. (63) Mccomb, mississippi.--Project for flood risk management, city of McComb, Mississippi. (64) Miles city, montana.--Project for flood risk management, Miles City, Montana. (65) Berkeley heights, new providence, and summit, new jersey.--Project for flood risk management, Township of Berkeley Heights, Borough of New Providence, and City of Summit, New Jersey. (66) Berry's creek, new jersey.--Project for flood risk management, Berry's Creek, New Jersey. (67) Fleischer brook, new jersey.--Project for flood risk management, Fleischer Brook, New Jersey. (68) Guttenberg, new jersey.--Project for flood risk management, Guttenberg, New Jersey, in the vicinity of John F. Kennedy Boulevard East. (69) Passaic river basin, new jersey.--Project for flood risk management and ecosystem restoration, Bergen, Essex, Hudson, Morris, and Passaic Counties, New Jersey. (70) Passaic river, paterson, new jersey.--Project for navigation and flood risk management, Passaic River, Paterson, New Jersey. (71) Great falls raceways, paterson, new jersey.--Project for flood risk management and hydropower, Paterson, New Jersey. (72) Paulsboro, new jersey.--Project for navigation, Borough of Paulsboro, New Jersey. (73) Village of ridgewood, new jersey.--Project for flood risk management along the Ho-Ho-Kus Brook and Saddle River, Village of Ridgewood, New Jersey. (74) Wolf creek, new jersey.--Project for flood risk management, Wolf Creek, Ridgefield, New Jersey. (75) Dona ana county, new mexico.--Project for water supply, Dona Ana County, New Mexico. (76) Hatch, new mexico.--Project for flood risk management, including the Hatch Dam Project, Village of Hatch, New Mexico. (77) Nambe river watershed, new mexico.--Project for flood risk management and ecosystem restoration, including sediment and debris management, Nambe River Watershed, New Mexico. (78) Otero county, new mexico.--Project for flood risk management, Otero County, New Mexico. (79) Babylon, new york.--Project for flood risk management, hurricane and storm damage risk reduction, navigation, and ecosystem restoration, Town of Babylon, New York. (80) Bronx river, new york.--Project for flood risk management and hurricane and storm damage risk reduction, Bronxville, Tuckahoe, and Yonkers, New York. (81) Brookhaven, new york.--Project for flood risk management, hurricane and storm damage risk reduction, and ecosystem restoration, Town of Brookhaven, New York. (82) Highlands, new york.--Project for flood risk management and ecosystem restoration, Highland Brook (also known as ``Buttermilk Falls Brook'') and tributaries, Town of Highlands, Orange County, New York. (83) Inwood hill park, new york.--Project for ecosystem restoration, Inwood Hill Park, Spuyten Duyvil Creek, Manhattan, New York. (84) Islip, new york.--Project for flood risk management, Town of Islip, New York. (85) Oyster bay, new york.--Project for coastal storm risk management and flood risk management in the vicinity of Tobay Beach, Town of Oyster Bay, New York. (86) Pascack brook, rockland county, new york.--Project for flood risk management, Pascack Brook, Rockland County, New York, including the Village of Spring Valley. (87) Sparkill creek, orangetown, new york.--Project for flood risk management and erosion, Sparkill Creek, Orangetown, New York. (88) Turtle cove, new york.--Project for ecosystem restoration, Pelham Bay Park, Eastchester Bay, in the vicinity of Turtle Cove, Bronx, New York. (89) Somers, new york.--Project for ecosystem restoration and water supply, Town of Somers, New York. (90) Cape fear river and tributaries, north carolina.-- Project for flood risk management, in the vicinity of Northeast Cape Fear River and Black River, North Carolina. (91) Leland, north carolina.--Project for flood risk management, navigation, ecosystem restoration, and recreation, including bank stabilization, for Jackeys Creek in the Town of Leland, North Carolina. (92) Marion, north carolina.--Project for flood risk management, including riverbank stabilization, along the Catawba River, City of Marion, North Carolina. (93) Pender county, north carolina.--Project for flood risk management in the vicinity of North Carolina Highway 53, Pender County, North Carolina. (94) Pigeon river, north carolina.--Project for flood risk management, Pigeon River, in the vicinity of the towns of Clyde and Canton, Haywood County, North Carolina. (95) Union county, south carolina.--Project for flood risk management, water supply, and recreation, Union County, South Carolina. (96) Ogallala aquifer.--Project for flood risk management and water supply, including aquifer recharge, for the Ogallala Aquifer, Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas. (97) Coe creek, ohio.--Project for flood risk management, Coe Creek, City of Fairview Park, Ohio. (98) Great miami river, ohio.--Project for flood risk management, ecosystem restoration, and recreation, including incorporation of existing levee systems, for the Great Miami River, Ohio. (99) Lake texoma, oklahoma and texas.--Project for water supply, including increased needs in southern Oklahoma, Lake Texoma, Oklahoma and Texas. (100) Sardis lake, oklahoma.--Project for water supply, Sardis Lake, Oklahoma. (101) Siuslaw river, florence, oregon.--Project for flood risk management and streambank erosion, Siuslaw River, Florence, Oregon. (102) Willamette river, lane county, oregon.--Project for flood risk management and ecosystem restoration, Willamette River, Lane County, Oregon. (103) Allegheny river, pennsylvania.--Project for navigation and ecosystem restoration, Allegheny River, Pennsylvania. (104) Borough of pottstown, pennsylvania.--Project for alternate water supply, Borough of Pottstown, Pennsylvania. (105) Borough of norristown, pennsylvania.--Project for flood risk management, including dredging along the Schuylkill River, in the Borough of Norristown and vicinity, Pennsylvania. (106) West norriton township, pennsylvania.--Project for flood risk management and streambank erosion, Stony Creek, in the vicinity of Whitehall Road, West Norriton Township, Pennsylvania. (107) Guayama, puerto rico.--Project for flood risk management, Rio Guamani, Guayama, Puerto Rico. (108) Naranjito, puerto rico.--Project for flood risk management, Rio Guadiana, Naranjito, Puerto Rico. (109) Orocovis, puerto rico.--Project for flood risk management, Rio Orocovis, Orocovis, Puerto Rico. (110) Ponce, puerto rico.--Project for flood risk management, Rio Inabon, Ponce, Puerto Rico. (111) Santa isabel, puerto rico.--Project for flood risk management, Rio Descalabrado, Santa Isabel, Puerto Rico. (112) Yauco, puerto rico.--Project for flood risk management, Rio Yauco, Yauco, Puerto Rico. (113) Greene county, tennessee.--Project for water supply, including evaluation of Nolichucky River capabilities, Greene County, Tennessee. (114) Davidson county, tennessee.--Project for flood risk management, City of Nashville, Davidson County, Tennessee. (115) Guadalupe county, texas.--Project for flood risk management, Guadalupe County, including City of Santa Clara, Texas. (116) Harris county, texas.--Project for flood risk management and ecosystem restoration, Halls Bayou, Harris County, Texas. (117) Winooski river basin, vermont.--Project for flood risk management and ecosystem restoration, Winooski River basin, Vermont. (118) Cedarbush creek, gloucester county, virginia.-- Project for navigation, Cedarbush Creek, Gloucester County, Virginia. (119) Chickahominy river, james city county, virginia.-- Project for flood and coastal storm risk management, Chickahominy River, James City County, Virginia. (120) James city county, virginia.--Project for flood risk management and navigation, James City County, Virginia. (121) Timberneck creek, gloucester county, virginia.-- Project for navigation, Timberneck Creek, Gloucester County, Virginia. (122) York river, york county, virginia.--Project for flood risk management and coastal storm risk management, York River, York County, Virginia. (123) Wahkiakum county, washington.--Project for flood risk management and sediment management, Grays River, in the vicinity of Rosburg, Wahkiakum County, Washington. (124) Arcadia, wisconsin.--Project for flood risk management, city of Arcadia, Wisconsin. (125) City of la crosse, wisconsin.--Project for flood risk management, City of La Crosse, Wisconsin. (126) River falls, wisconsin.--Project for ecosystem restoration, city of River Falls, Wisconsin. (b) Project Modifications.--The Secretary is authorized to conduct a feasibility study for the following project modifications: (1) Black warrior and tombigbee rivers, alabama.-- Modifications to the project for navigation, Coffeeville Lock and Dam, authorized pursuant to section 4 of the Act of July 5, 1884 (chapter 229, 23 Stat. 148; 35 Stat. 818), and portion of the project for navigation, Warrior and Tombigbee Rivers, Alabama and Mississippi, consisting of the Demopolis Lock and Dam on the Warrior-Tombigbee Waterway, Alabama, authorized by section 2 of the Act of March 2, 1945 (59 Stat. 17), for construction of new locks to maintain navigability. (2) Farmington dam, california.--Modifications to the project for flood control and other purposes, the Calaveras River and Littlejohn Creek and tributaries, California, authorized by section 10 of the Act of December 22, 1944 (chapter 665, 58 Stat. 902), for improved flood risk management and to support water supply recharge and storage. (3) Humboldt harbor and bay, california.--Modifications to the project for navigation, Humboldt Harbor and Bay, California, authorized by the first section of the Act of July 3, 1930 (chapter 847, 46 Stat. 932; 82 Stat. 732; 110 Stat. 3663), for additional deepening and widening. (4) San joaquin river basin, california.--Modifications to the project for flood control, Sacramento-San Joaquin Basin Streams, California, authorized pursuant to the resolution of the Committee on Public Works of the House of Representatives adopted on May 8, 1964 (docket number 1371), for improved flood risk management, including dredging. (5) Madera county, california.--Modifications to the project for flood risk management, water supply, and ecosystem restoration, Chowchilla River, Ash Slough, and Berenda Slough, Madera County, California, authorized pursuant to section 6 of the Act of June 22, 1936 (chapter 688, 49 Stat. 1595; 52 Stat. 1225). (6) Sacramento river integrated floodplain management, california.--Modifications to the project for flood control, Sacramento River, California, authorized by section 2 of the Act of March 1, 1917 (chapter 144, 39 Stat. 949; 76 Stat. 1197), to enhance flood risk reduction, to incorporate natural and nature-based features, and to incorporate modifications to the portion of such project north of the Freemont Weir for the purposes of integrating management of such system with the adjacent floodplain. (7) Thames river, connecticut.--Modifications to the project for navigation, Thames River, Connecticut, authorized by the first section of the Act of March 2, 1945 (59 Stat. 13), to increase authorized depth. (8) Hanapepe river, hawaii.--Modifications to the project for local flood protection, Hanapepe River, island of Kaua`i, Hawaii, authorized by section 10 of the Act of December 22, 1944 (chapter 665, 58 Stat. 903), to improve protection provided by levees and flood control features. (9) Laupahoehoe harbor, hawaii.--Modifications to the project for navigation, Laupahoehoe Harbor, Hawaii, authorized pursuant to section 107 of the River and Harbor Act of 1960 (74 Stat. 486), for seawall repair and mitigation. (10) Waimea river, kaua`i, hawaii.--Modifications to the project for coastal storm risk management and ecosystem restoration, Waimea River, Kaua`i, Hawaii, authorized pursuant to section 205 of the Flood Control Act of 1948 (33 U.S.C. 701s), to improve protection provided by levees and flood control features. (11) Chicago sanitary and ship canal dispersal barrier, illinois.--Modifications to the project for Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal and Dispersal Barrier, Illinois, initiated under section 1135 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2294 note; 100 Stat. 4251; 118 Stat. 1352), for the construction of an emergency access boat ramp in the vicinity of Romeoville, Illinois. (12) East saint louis and vicinity, illinois.-- Modifications to the project for ecosystem restoration and recreation, authorized by section 1001(18) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (121 Stat. 1052), to reevaluate levels of flood risk management and integrate the Spring Lake Project, as recommended in the report of the Chief of Engineers issued on December 22, 2004. (13) Louisville metropolitan flood protection system reconstruction, jefferson and bullitt counties, kentucky.-- Modifications to the project for flood risk management, Louisville Metropolitan Flood Protection System Reconstruction, Jefferson and Bullitt Counties, Kentucky, authorized by section 401(2) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2020 (134 Stat. 2735), to expand project scope and incorporate features identified in the document prepared for the non-Federal sponsor of the project, issued in June 2017, and titled ``20-Year Comprehensive Facility Plan, Critical Repair and Reinvestment Plan, Volume 4: Ohio River Flood Protection''. (14) Calcasieu river and pass, louisiana.--Modifications to the project for navigation, Calcasieu River and Pass, Louisiana, authorized by section 101 of the River and Harbor Act of 1960 (74 Stat. 481), to include channel deepening and jetty extension. (15) Mississippi river and tributaries, ouachita river, louisiana.--Modifications to the project for flood control of the Mississippi River in it alluvial valley and for its improvement from the Head of Passes to Cape Girardeau, Missouri, authorized by the first section of the Act of May 15, 1928 (chapter 569, 45 Stat. 534), to include bank stabilization on the portion of the project consisting of the Ouachita River from Monroe to Caldwell Parishes, Louisiana. (16) Mississippi river and tributaries, ouachita river, louisiana.--Modifications to the project for flood control of the Mississippi River in it alluvial valley and for its improvement from the Head of Passes to Cape Girardeau, Missouri, authorized by the first section of the Act of May 15, 1928 (45 Stat. 534, chapter 569), to study the feasibility of adding 62 miles of the east bank of the Ouachita River Levee System at and below Monroe Parish to Caldwell Parish, Louisiana. (17) Hodges village dam, oxford, massachusetts.-- Modifications to the project for flood risk management, Hodges Village Dam, Oxford, Massachusetts, authorized pursuant to section 205 of the Flood Control Act of 1948 (33 U.S.C. 701s), to add recreation and ecosystem restoration as a project purpose, including in the vicinity of Greenbriar Park. (18) New bedford, fairhaven, and acushnet, massachusetts.-- Modifications to the project for hurricane-flood protection at New Bedford, Fairhaven, and Acushnet, Massachusetts, authorized by section 201 of the Flood Control Act of 1958 (72 Stat. 305), for navigation improvements and evaluation of the current barrier function. (19) Holland harbor, michigan.--Modifications to the portion of the project for navigation Holland (Black Lake), Michigan, authorized by the first section of the Act of June 14, 1880 (chapter 211, 21 Stat. 183; 30 Stat. 1130; 46 Stat. 929; 49 Stat. 1036; 68 Stat. 1252), consisting of the Federal Channel of Holland Harbor, for additional deepening. (20) Monroe harbor, michigan.--Modifications to the project for navigation, Monroe Harbor, Michigan, authorized by the first section of the Act of July 3, 1930 (chapter 847, 46 Stat. 930), for additional deepening. (21) Port huron, michigan.--Modifications to the project for navigation, Channels in Lake Saint Clair Michigan, authorized by the first section of the Act of August 30, 1935 (chapter 831, 49 Stat. 1036), for additional deepening at the mouth of the Black River, Port Huron, Michigan. (22) Saint joseph harbor, michigan.--Modifications to the portion of the project for navigation, Saint Joseph, Michigan, authorized by the first section of the Act of June 14, 1880 (chapter 211, 21 Stat. 183; 30 Stat. 1130; 49 Stat. 1036; 72 Stat. 299), consisting of the Federal Channel of Saint Joseph Harbor, for additional deepening. (23) Saint marys river, michigan.--Modifications to the project for navigation Middle and West Neebish channels, Saint Marys River, Michigan, authorized by the first section of the Act of June 13, 1902 (chapter 1079, 32 Stat. 361; 70 Stat. 54), to bring the channels to a consistent depth. (24) Surry mountain lake dam, new hampshire.--Modifications to the project for flood protection and recreation, Surry Mountain Lake dam, authorized pursuant to section 5 of the Act of June 22, 1936 (chapter 688, 49 Stat. 1572; 52 Stat. 1216; 58 Stat. 892), to add ecosystem restoration as a project purpose, and to install the proper gates and related equipment at Surry Mountain Lake to support stream flow augmentation releases. (25) Bayonne, new jersey.--Modifications to the project for navigation, Jersey Flats and Bayonne, New Jersey, authorized by the first section of the Act of September 22, 1922 (chapter 427, 42 Stat. 1038), for improvements to the navigation channel, including channel extension, widening, and deepening, in the vicinity of Bayonne Dry Dock, New Jersey. (26) Long beach, new york.--Modifications to the project for storm damage reduction, Atlantic Coast of Long Island from Jones Inlet to East Rockaway Inlet, Long Beach Island, New York, authorized by section 101(a)(21) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1996 (110 Stat. 3665), to include additional replacement of beach groins to offer storm protection, erosion prevention, and reduce the need for future renourishment. (27) Bald head island, north carolina.--Modifications to the project for hurricane-flood control protection, Cape Fear to the North Carolina-South Carolina State line, North Carolina, authorized by section 203 of the Flood Control Act of 1966 (80 Stat. 1419), to add coastal storm risk management and hurricane and storm damage risk reduction, including shoreline stabilization, as an authorized purpose of the project for the village of Bald Head Island, North Carolina. (28) Reno beach-howard farms, ohio.--Modifications to the project for flood control, Reno Beach-Howard Farms, Ohio, authorized by section 203 of the Flood Control Act of 1948 (62 Stat. 1178), to improve project levees and to provide flood damage risk reduction to the portions of Jerusalem Township, Ohio, not currently benefited by the project. (29) Delaware river mainstem and channel deepening, delaware, new jersey, and pennsylvania.--Modifications to the project for navigation, Delaware River Mainstem and Channel Deepening, Delaware, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, authorized by section 101(6) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4802; 113 Stat. 300; 114 Stat. 2602), to increase the authorized depth. (30) Delaware river, mantua creek (fort mifflin) and marcus hook, pennsylvania.--Modifications to the project for navigation, Delaware River, Philadelphia to the sea, authorized by the first section of the Act of June 25, 1910 (chapter 382, 36 Stat. 637; 46 Stat. 921; 49 Stat. 1030; 52 Stat. 803; 59 Stat. 14; 68 Stat. 1249; 72 Stat. 297), to deepen the anchorage areas at Mantua Creek (Fort Mifflin) and Marcus Hook. (31) Charleston, south carolina.--Modifications to the project for navigation, Charleston Harbor, South Carolina, authorized by section 1401(1) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2016 (130 Stat. 1708), including improvements to the portion of the project that serves the North Charleston Terminal. (32) Galveston bay area, texas.--Modifications to the following projects for deepening and associated dredged material placement, disposal, and environmental mitigation navigation: (A) The project for navigation, Galveston Bay Area, Texas City Channel, Texas, authorized by section 201 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (100 Stat. 4090). (B) The project for navigation and environmental restoration, Houston-Galveston Navigation Channels, Texas, authorized by section 101(a)(30) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1996 (110 Stat. 3666). (C) The project for navigation, Galveston Harbor Channel Extension Project, Houston-Galveston Navigation Channels, Texas, authorized by section 1401(1) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2018 (132 Stat. 3836). (D) The project for navigation, Houston Ship Channel Expansion Channel Improvement Project, Harris, Chambers, and Galveston Counties, Texas, authorized by section 401(1) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2020 (134 Stat. 2734). (33) Galveston harbor channel extension project, houston- galveston navigation channels, texas.--Modifications to the project for navigation, Galveston Harbor Channel Extension Project, Houston-Galveston Navigation Channels, Texas, authorized by section 1401(1) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2018 (132 Stat. 3836), to include further deepening and extension of the Federal channel and Turning Basin 2. (34) Gathright reservoir and falling spring dam, virginia.--Modifications to the project for navigation and flood control, Gathright Reservoir and Falling Spring dam, Virginia, authorized by section 10 of the Flood Control Act of 1946 (60 Stat. 645), to include recreation as an authorized project purpose. (35) Mount st. helens sediment control, washington.-- Modifications to the project for sediment control and navigation, Mount St. Helens, Washington, authorized by chapter IV of title I of the Supplemental Appropriations Act, 1985 (99 Stat. 318; 114 Stat. 2612), to include dredging to address flood risk management and navigation for federally authorized channels on the Cowlitz River and at the confluence of the Cowlitz and Columbia Rivers. (c) Special Rule.--Each study authorized by subsection (b) shall be considered a new phase investigation and afforded the same treatment as a general reevaluation. SEC. 202. EXPEDITED COMPLETION. (a) Feasibility Studies.--The Secretary shall expedite the completion of a feasibility study for each of the following projects, and if the Secretary determines that the project is justified in a completed report, may proceed directly to preconstruction planning, engineering, and design of the project: (1) Project for ecosystem restoration, Claiborne and Millers Ferry Locks and Dams Fish Passage, Lower Alabama River, Alabama, authorized pursuant to section 216 of the Flood Control Act of 1970 (84 Stat. 1830). (2) Project for navigation, Akutan Harbor Navigational Improvements, Alaska, authorized pursuant to section 203 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2000 (33 U.S.C. 2269). (3) Project for ecosystem restoration, Central and South Florida, Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Program, Lake Okeechobee Watershed Restoration, Florida, authorized by section 601(b)(1) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2000 (114 Stat. 2680). (4) Project for coastal storm risk management, Miami-Dade Back Bay, Florida, authorized pursuant to the Act of June 15, 1955 (chapter 140, 69 Stat. 132). (5) Project for navigation, Tampa Harbor, Pinellas and Hillsborough Counties, Florida, Deep Draft Navigation, authorized by the resolution of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives, dated July 23, 1997. (6) Project for ecosystem restoration, Central and South Florida, Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Program, Western Everglades Restoration Project, Florida, authorized by section 601(b)(1) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2000 (114 Stat. 2680). (7) Project for flood risk management, Ala Wai Canal General Reevaluation, Hawaii, authorized by section 1401(2) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2018 (132 Stat. 3837). (8) Project for flood risk management, Amite River and Tributaries, East of the Mississippi, Louisiana, authorized by the resolution of the Committee on Public Works of the United States Senate, adopted April 14, 1967. (9) Project for coastal storm risk management, Baltimore Metropolitan, Baltimore City, Maryland, authorized by the resolution of the Committee on Public Works and Transportation of the House of Representatives, dated April 30, 1992. (10) Project for coastal storm risk management, Nassau County Back Bays, New York, authorized pursuant to the Act of June 15, 1955 (chapter 140, 69 Stat. 132). (11) Project for coastal storm risk management, Surf City, North Carolina, authorized by section 7002(3) of the Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014 (128 Stat. 1367). (12) Project for flood risk management, Tar-Pamlico River Basin, North Carolina, authorized by the resolutions adopted by the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives dated April 11, 2000, and May 21, 2003. (13) Project for coastal storm risk management, Puerto Rico, authorized by section 204 of the Flood Control Act of 1970 (84 Stat. 1828). (14) Project for ecosystem restoration, Hatchie- Loosahatchie, Mississippi River Miles 775-736, Tennessee and Arkansas, authorized by section 1202(a) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2018 (132 Stat. 3803). (b) Post-authorization Change Reports.--The Secretary shall expedite completion of a post-authorization change report for the following projects: (1) Project for ecosystem restoration, Central and South Florida, Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Program, Biscayne Bay Coastal Wetlands, Florida, authorized by section 601(b)(1) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2000 (114 Stat. 2680). (2) Project for water reallocation, Stockton Lake Reallocation Study, Missouri, at the project for flood control, hydropower, water supply, and recreation, Stockton Lake, Missouri, authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1954 (Public Law 83-780). (3) Project for ecosystem restoration and recreation, Los Angeles River, California, authorized by section 1407(7) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2016 (130 Stat. 1714). SEC. 203. EXPEDITED MODIFICATION OF EXISTING FEASIBILITY STUDIES. The Secretary shall expedite the completion of the following feasibility studies, as modified by this section, and if the Secretary determines that a project that is the subject of the feasibility study is justified in the completed report, may proceed directly to preconstruction planning, engineering, and design of the project: (1) Mare island strait, california.--The study for navigation, Mare Island Straight channel, authorized by section 406 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (113 Stat. 323; 136 Stat. 3753), is modified to authorize the Secretary to consider the benefits of deepening the channel to support activities of the Secretary of the department in which the Coast Guard is operating. (2) Savannah harbor, georgia.--Section 8201(b)(4) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat. 3750) is amended by striking ``, without evaluation of additional deepening'' and inserting ``, including evaluation of additional deepening''. (3) Honolulu harbor, hawaii.--The study to modify the project for navigation, Honolulu, Hawaii, authorized by the first section of the Act of March 3, 1905 (chapter 1482, 33 Stat. 1146; 136 Stat. 3750), is modified to authorize the Secretary to consider the benefits of the project modification on disaster resilience and enhanced national security from utilization of the harbor by the Department of Defense. (4) Alexandria to the gulf of mexico, louisiana.--The study for flood control, navigation, wetland conservation and restoration, wildlife habitat, commercial and recreational fishing, saltwater intrusion, freshwater and sediment diversion, and other purposes, in the area drained by the intercepted drainage system of the West Atchafalaya Basin Protection Levee, from Alexandria, Louisiana to the Gulf of Mexico, being carried out under Committee Resolution 2535 of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives, adopted July 23, 1997, is modified to include the parishes of Pointe Coupee, Allen, Calcasieu, Jefferson Davis, Acadia, Iberville, and Cameron within the scope of the study. (5) Saw mill river, new york.--The study for flood risk management and ecosystem restoration to address areas in the City of Yonkers and the Village of Hastings-on-the-Hudson within the 100-year flood zone, Saw Mill River, New York, authorized by section 8201(a)(70) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat. 3748), is modified to authorize the Secretary to include within the scope of the study areas surrounding the City of Yonkers and the Village of Hastings-on-the-Hudson and the Village of Elmsford and the Village of Ardsley. SEC. 204. CORPS OF ENGINEERS REPORTS. (a) Report on Recreational Access for Individuals With Disabilities.-- (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report on access for individuals with disabilities to covered recreational areas. (2) Requirements.--The Secretary shall include in the report submitted under paragraph (1)-- (A) existing policies or guidance for complying with the requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (42 U.S.C. 12101 et seq.) at covered recreational areas; (B) a complete list of covered recreational areas, and the status of each covered recreational area with respect to compliance with the requirements of such Act; (C) identification of policy changes, internal guidance changes, or changes to shoreline management plans that may result in increased access for individuals with disabilities to covered recreational areas, including access to fishing-related recreational activities at covered recreational areas; (D) an analysis of barriers that exist for covered recreational areas to fully comply with the requirements of such Act; and (E) identification of specific covered recreational areas that could be improved or modified to better accommodate visitors with disabilities, including to increase recreational fishing access for individuals with disabilities. (3) Covered recreational area defined.--In this subsection, the term ``covered recreational area'' means all sites constructed, owned, operated, or maintained by the Secretary that are used for recreational purposes. (b) Report on Turbidity in the Willamette Valley, Oregon.-- (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report on instances of high turbidity in a reservoir in the Willamette Valley resulting from a drawdown in the reservoir. (2) Scope.--In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary shall-- (A) collaborate with any relevant Federal, State, and non-Federal entities; (B) identify and report instances during the 10- year period preceding the date of enactment of this Act in which turbidity concerns have arisen following a drawdown at a reservoir in the Willamette Valley, including Foster Lake and Green Peter Lake; (C) report on turbidity monitoring that the Secretary performs during drawdowns to identify, and if necessary correct, turbidity issues; (D) provide a summary of turbidity monitoring records collected during drawdowns with respect to which turbidity concerns have been raised by the public, including a comparison between turbidity prior to a drawdown, during a drawdown, and following refilling; (E) identify lessons learned associated with turbidity resulting from drawdowns and indicate how changes based on those lessons learned are being implemented; and (F) identify opportunities to minimize monetary strains on non-Federal entities caused by increased turbidity levels. (c) Report on Security at Soo Locks, Michigan.-- (1) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report that-- (A) highlights any security deficiencies that exist with respect to the Soo Locks; (B) highlights any supply chain, logistical, and economic effects that would result from a malfunction or failure of the Soo Locks; (C) highlights any effects on the Great Lakes Navigation System that would result from such a malfunction or failure; (D) highlights any potential threats to the integrity of the Soo Locks; (E) details the Corps of Engineers security measures in place to protect the Soo Locks; and (F) contains recommendations, as necessary, and cost estimates for such recommendations, for-- (i) strengthening security measures for the Soo Locks; and (ii) reducing the effects on the supply chain that would result from a malfunction or failure of the Soo Locks. (2) Soo locks defined.--In this subsection, the term ``Soo Locks'' means the locks at Sault Sainte Marie, Michigan, authorized by section 1149 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (100 Stat. 4254; 121 Stat. 1131; 136 Stat. 3844). (d) Report on Florida Seagrass Rehabilitation.-- (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, and each year thereafter for 4 years, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report on any planned or ongoing efforts to promote, rehabilitate, and enhance the growth of seagrasses in Florida stormwater treatment areas. (2) Requirements.--In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary shall coordinate with relevant Federal, State, and local agencies and other regional stakeholders. (3) Florida stormwater treatment area defined.--In this subsection, the term ``Florida stormwater treatment area'' means a stormwater treatment area in the State of Florida authorized by or pursuant to section 601 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2000 (114 Stat. 2680; 121 Stat. 1268; 132 Stat. 3786). (e) Report on Shoreline Use Permits.-- (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report describing the use of the authority under part 327 of title 36, Code of Federal Regulations, with respect to the issuance of new, or modifications to existing, shoreline use permits at the Table Rock Lake project of the Corps of Engineers, located in Missouri and Arkansas, authorized as one of the multipurpose reservoir projects in the White River Basin by section 4 of the Act of June 28, 1938 (52 Stat. 1218). (2) Contents.--The Secretary shall include in the report required under paragraph (1)-- (A) a review of existing regulatory and administrative requirements related to the lease, rent, sublease, or other usage agreement by a permittee for permitted facilities under a shoreline use permit, including a floating, nonfloating, or fixed-floating structure; (B) a description of the authority and public- interest rationale for such requirements, including impacts on local businesses, property owners, and prospective lessors, renters, or other contractual users of such facilities; and (C) a description of the authority for the transfer of shoreline use permits upon transfer of the permitted facility by sale or other means. (f) Report on Relocation.-- (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report on the policies of the Corps of Engineers relating to using property buyouts as part of coastal storm risk management projects. (2) Requirements.--In developing the report under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall consider ways in which current policies on mandatory property buyouts may-- (A) diminish the incentives for local communities to work with the Corps of Engineers; and (B) increase vulnerabilities of communities to flood risk, including communities described in the guidance issued by the Secretary under section 160 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2020 (33 U.S.C. 2201 note). (g) Report on Fuel Efficiency.-- (1) In general.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report on fuel efficiency of each vessel within the fleet of vessels owned by the Corps of Engineers. (2) Contents.--In the report submitted under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall include the following: (A) A list of vessels that are commercially available and may be used to carry out the missions of the Corps of Engineers that can be incorporated into the fleet of vessels owned by the Corps of Engineers to increase fuel efficiency of such fleet. (B) A list of modifications that can be made to increase fuel efficiency of such fleet and the associated cost of such modifications. (C) A life cycle cost analysis of replacing vessels owned by the Corps of Engineers with vessels that are more fuel efficient. (D) A description of technologies used or available to the Secretary to evaluate fuel efficiency of each vessel owned by the Corps of Engineers. (E) A description of other opportunities to increase fuel efficiency of each such vessel. (F) A description of potential cost savings by increasing fuel efficiency of such vessels. (G) A description of State or local policies or requirements regarding efficiencies or emissions of vessels, or related technology, that the Secretary must comply with at water resources development projects, and any impact such policies and requirements have on project costs. (h) Report on Boat Ramps.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report detailing-- (1) the number of boat ramps constructed by the Secretary that are located at a site constructed, owned, operated, or maintained by the Secretary; (2) the number of such boat ramps that are operational; and (3) the number of such boat ramps that require maintenance in order to be made operational. SEC. 205. GAO STUDIES. (a) Study on Donor Ports.-- (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall initiate a review of the treatment of donor ports under section 2106 of the Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014 (33 U.S.C. 2238c) that includes-- (A) a description of the funding available to donor ports under such section, including a description of how eligibility for such donor ports has been modified; (B) a summary of all funds that have been provided to donor ports under such section; (C) an assessment of how the Secretary provides funding under such section to donor ports, including-- (i) a complete description of the process and data used to determine eligibility; and (ii) the impact construction and maintenance projects, including maintenance dredging and deep draft navigation construction projects, have on donor port eligibility; (D) an assessment of other major container ports that are not currently eligible as a donor port under such section and a description of the criteria that exclude such container ports from eligibility; and (E) recommendations to improve the provision of funds under such section. (2) Report.--Upon completion of the review required under paragraph (1), the Comptroller General shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report containing the results of such review. (b) Study on Digital Infrastructure.-- (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall complete an analysis of-- (A) the extent to which the Corps of Engineers utilizes digital infrastructure technologies for delivery of authorized water resources development projects, including 3D modeling; (B) the digital technology systems utilized by the Corps of Engineers; (C) the digital technology systems utilized by non- Federal entities working with the Secretary on authorized water resources development projects; (D) the cost to the Government of supporting multiple digital technology systems utilized by the Corps of Engineers; (E) available digital technology systems that may be used to for the delivery of authorized water resources development projects; (F) any security concerns related to the use of digital technology systems and how such concerns may be addressed; (G) the benefits of expanding the adoption of digital technology systems for use by the Corps of Engineers, including for delivery of authorized water resources development projects, in order to-- (i) maximize interoperability with other systems, products, tools, or applications; (ii) boost productivity; (iii) manage complexity; (iv) reduce project delays and cost overruns; (v) enhance safety and quality; (vi) reduce total costs for the entire lifecycle of authorized water resources development projects; (vii) reduce emissions and quantify other sustainable and resilient impacts; (viii) promote more timely and productive information sharing; and (ix) increase transparency as the result of the real-time sharing of information; and (H) how the Corps of Engineers could better leverage digital technology systems to enable 3D model delivery and digital project delivery for-- (i) seamless application integration; (ii) workflow and State-based access control capabilities; (iii) audit trails; and (iv) automation capabilities supporting a closed-loop process. (2) Report.--Upon completion of the analysis required under paragraph (1), the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report on the findings of such analysis. (c) Study on Corps of Engineers Disaster Preparedness, Response, and Related Information Collection.-- (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall initiate an analysis of Corps of Engineers disaster preparedness and response activities, including-- (A) an accounting of postdisaster expenditures from the ``Corp of Engineers-Civil-Flood Control and Coastal Emergencies'' account for each fiscal year beginning with fiscal year 2004, including-- (i) the amounts transferred to such account from other accounts of the Corps of Engineers to cover postdisaster activities in each fiscal year; (ii) the name and location of the authorized water resources development projects impacted by the transfer of funds described in clause (i); (iii) a summary of the activities and actions carried out with amounts available in such account, including the amount provided for salaries and expenses; and (iv) trends in the provision of post- disaster assistance that may impact future spending through such account; (B) an evaluation of-- (i) the publicly available information on disaster response and preparedness related to authorized water resources development projects, such as levees; (ii) the impacts of natural disasters on authorized water resources development projects, including how such disasters affect the performance of such projects and resiliency of such projects to such disasters; and (iii) whether the Corps of Engineers utilizes, or shares with non-Federal interests, information regarding such impacts in assessing whether modifications to such projects would reduce the likelihood of repetitive impacts or be in the public interest; and (C) recommendations to improve the provision of assistance for response to natural disasters under section 5 of the Act of August 18, 1941 (33 U.S.C. 701n). (2) Report.--Upon completion of the analysis required under paragraph (1), the Comptroller General shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report on the findings of such analysis. (d) Study on Homeless Encampments on Corps of Engineers Property.-- (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall initiate an analysis of-- (A) unauthorized homeless encampments on water resources development projects constructed by the Corps of Engineers and lands owned or under the control of the Corps of Engineers; (B) any actual or potential impacts of such encampments on the construction, operation and maintenance, or management of such projects and lands, including potential impacts on flood risk reduction or ecosystem restoration efforts, water quality, or public safety; (C) efforts to remove or deter such encampments from such projects and lands, or remove any materials associated with such encampments that are unauthorized to be present and pose a potential threat to public safety, including manmade, flammable materials in urban and arid regions; and (D) constraints on the ability of the Corps of Engineers to remove or deter such encampments due to Federal, State, or local laws, regulations, or ordinances. (2) Consultation.--In carrying out the analysis required under paragraph (1), the Comptroller General shall consult with the Secretary, the Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, and other relevant Federal, State, and local government officials and interested parties. (3) Report.--Upon completion of the analysis required under paragraph (1), the Comptroller General shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report on the findings of such analysis. (e) Study on Federal-State Data Sharing Efforts.-- (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall initiate an analysis of the coordination of the Secretary with other Federal and State agencies and academic institutions in carrying out the development, update, modernization, and utilization of scientific, peer-reviewed data on the predictability of future resiliency, sea-level rise, and flood impacts. (2) Scope.--In conducting the analysis required under paragraph (1), the Comptroller General shall-- (A) consult with the Secretary, the heads of other relevant Federal and State agencies, and academic institutions that collect, analyze, synthesize, and utilize scientific, peer-reviewed data on the predictability of future resiliency, sea-level rise, and flooding events; (B) examine the methodologies and mechanisms for collecting, analyzing, synthesizing, and verifying such data; and (C) review and report on the opportunities for, and appropriateness of, the Secretary and relevant non- Federal interests to utilize such data in the planning, design, construction, and operation and maintenance of authorized water resources development projects. (3) Report.--Upon completion of the analysis required under paragraph (1), the Comptroller General shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report on the findings of such analysis. (f) Study on Institutional Barriers to Nature-Based Features.-- (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall initiate an analysis of-- (A) nature-based features that are incorporated into authorized water resources development projects by the Corps of Engineers and the type of such projects; (B) any limitation on the authority of the Secretary to incorporate nature-based features into authorized water resources development projects; (C) regulatory processes necessary for the use of nature-based features, including permitting timelines; (D) the level of efficacy and effectiveness of nature-based features at authorized water resources development projects that have-- (i) utilized such nature-based features; and (ii) undergone extreme weather events, including hurricanes; and (E) institutional barriers within the Corps of Engineers preventing broader consideration and integration of nature-based features, including-- (i) staff experience with, and expertise on, nature-based features; (ii) official Corps of Engineers guidance on nature-based features; (iii) time constraints or other expediency expectations; or (iv) life cycle costs associated with incorporating nature-based features into water resources development projects. (2) Report.--Upon completion of the analysis required under paragraph (1), the Comptroller General shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report on the findings of such analysis. (3) Definitions.--In this subsection, the term ``nature- based feature'' has the meaning given the terms ``natural feature'' and ``nature-based feature'' in section 1184 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2016 (32 U.S.C. 2289a). (g) Study on Ecosystem Services.-- (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall initiate an analysis of the use of ecosystem restoration by the Corps of Engineers for flood control or flood risk management projects. (2) Scope.--In conducting the analysis under paragraph (1), the Comptroller General shall assess-- (A) how the Corps of Engineers complies, integrates, and prioritizes ecosystem restoration in benefit-cost analysis and generation of project alternatives; (B) the geographic distribution and frequency of ecosystem restoration for flood control or flood risk management projects; (C) the rationale and benefit-cost analyses that drive decisions to incorporate ecosystem restoration into flood control or flood risk management projects; (D) the additional long-term comprehensive benefits to local communities related to ecosystem restoration for flood control or flood risk management projects; (E) recommendations for prioritizing ecosystem restoration as a tool for flood control and flood risk management projects; and (F) the percentage of the annual construction budget utilized for ecosystem restoration projects over the past 5 years at flood control or flood risk management projects. (3) Report.--Upon completion of the analysis required under paragraph (1), the Comptroller General shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report on the findings of such analysis. (h) Study on Tribal Coordination.-- (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall initiate a review of the Corps of Engineers procedures to address the discovery of Tribal historic or cultural resources, including village sites, burial sites, and human remains, at authorized water resources development projects. (2) Scope.--In conducting the review required under paragraph (1), the Comptroller General shall-- (A) evaluate the implementation of the Tribal Liaison requirements under section 8112 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (33 U.S.C. 2281a); (B) describe the procedures used by the Corps of Engineers when Tribal historic or cultural resources are identified at authorized water resources development projects, including-- (i) coordination with relevant Tribes, Federal, State, and local agencies; (ii) the role and effectiveness of the Tribal Liaison; (iii) recovery and reburial standards; (iv) any differences in procedures used by each Corps of Engineers district; and (v) as applicable, the implementation of the requirements of section 306108 of title 54, United States Code (formerly known as section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act) or the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (25 U.S.C. 3001 et seq); and (C) provide recommendations to improve the coordination between the Corps of Engineers and Tribes for the identification and recovery of Tribal historic and cultural resources discovered at authorized water resources development projects. (3) Prioritization.--In conducting the review required under paragraph (1), the Comptroller General shall prioritize reviewing procedures used by the Sacramento District in the South Pacific Division of the Corps of Engineers. (4) Report.--Upon completion of the review required under paragraph (1), the Comptroller General shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report on the findings of such review. (i) Study on Risk Rating 2.0.-- (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall initiate a review on the Risk Rating 2.0 initiative. (2) Contents.--The Comptroller General shall include in the review required under paragraph (1) the following: (A) A description of-- (i) the Corps of Engineers processes for communicating changes to floodplain maps made as a result of Risk Rating 2.0 to affected communities and property owners; and (ii) any measures the Corps of Engineers has put in place to assist owners of property that has been included in floodplain maps as a result of Risk Rating 2.0, including any options for mitigating flood risk and financial support programs. (B) An evaluation of the transparency and clarity of information provided to property owners about such changes, including an assessment of the adequacy of outreach and education efforts to inform such property owners about available resources for flood risk mitigation. (C) An assessment of-- (i) the broader effects of changes to floodplain maps as a result of Risk Rating 2.0 on communities, including potential economic and social effects of increased floodplain designations; (ii) the role of local governments and community organizations in responding to and managing such changes; (iii) how such changes may affect the benefit-cost analysis used by the Corps of Engineers; and (iv) whether such changes affect the prioritization and justification of flood risk management projects. (3) Report.--Upon completion of the review required under paragraph (1), the Comptroller General shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report on the findings of such review. SEC. 206. ANNUAL REPORT ON HARBOR MAINTENANCE NEEDS AND TRUST FUND EXPENDITURES. (a) In General.--On the date on which the budget of the President is submitted to Congress pursuant to section 1105 of title 31, United States Code, for fiscal year 2026, and for each fiscal year thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report describing-- (1) with respect to the fiscal year for which the budget is submitted, the operation and maintenance costs associated with harbors and inland harbors described in section 210(a)(2) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2238(a)(2)), including a description of the costs required to achieve and maintain the constructed width and depth for such harbors and inland harbors and the costs for expanded uses at eligible harbors and inland harbors (as defined in section 210(d)(2) of such Act), on a project-by-project basis; (2) as of the date on which the report is submitted, expenditures and deposits into the Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund established under section 9505 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986; (3) an identification of the amount of funding requested in the budget of the President for the operation and maintenance costs associated with such harbors and inland harbors, on a project-by-project basis; (4) an explanation of how the amount of funding described in paragraph (2) complies with the requirements of section 102 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2020 (33 U.S.C. 2238 note); (5) an identification of the unmet operation and maintenance needs associated with such harbors and inland harbors, on a project-by-project basis, that remains after accounting for the amount identified under paragraph (3); and (6) a description of deposits made into the Harbor Maintenance Trust Fund in the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year of the applicable budget submission and the sources of such deposits. (b) Additional Requirement.--In the first report required to be submitted under subsection (a), the Secretary shall identify, to the maximum extent practicable, transportation cost savings realized by achieving and maintaining the constructed width and depth for the harbors and inland harbors described in section 210(a)(2) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986, on a project-by-project basis. (c) Public Availability.--The Secretary shall make the report submitted under subsection (a) available to the public, including on the internet. (d) Conforming Amendments.-- (1) Assessment of harbors and inland harbors.--Section 210(e)(3) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2238(e)(3)) is repealed. (2) Harbor maintenance trust fund deposits and expenditures.--Section 330 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (26 U.S.C. 9505 note) and the item related to such section in the table of contents for such Act, are repealed. SEC. 207. EXAMINATION OF REDUCTION OF MICROPLASTICS. (a) In General.--Subject to the availability of appropriations, the Secretary, acting through the Director of the Engineer Research and Development Center and, where appropriate, in consultation with other Federal agencies, shall carry out research and development activities relating to measures that may be implemented to reduce the release of microplastics into the environment associated with carrying out the civil works missions of the Corps of Engineers. (b) Focus Areas.--In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary shall, at a minimum-- (1) review efforts to reduce the release of microplastics associated with sandblasting or hydro-blasting vessels owned or operated by the Corps of Engineers; (2) research whether natural features or nature-based features can be used effectively to reduce the release of microplastics into the environment; and (3) describe the potential costs and benefits, and the effects on the timeline for carrying out water resources development projects, of implementing measures to reduce the release of microplastics into the environment. SEC. 208. POST-DISASTER WATERSHED ASSESSMENT FOR IMPACTED AREAS. (a) In General.--The Secretary shall carry out a post-disaster watershed assessment under section 3025 of the Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014 (33 U.S.C. 2267b) for the following areas: (1) Areas of Maui, Hawaii, impacted by the August 2023 wildfires. (2) Areas near Belen, New Mexico, impacted by the April 2022 wildfires. (b) Report to Congress.--Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representative and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report on the status of the post-disaster watershed assessments carried out under subsection (a). SEC. 209. UPPER BARATARIA BASIN AND MORGANZA TO THE GULF OF MEXICO CONNECTION, LOUISIANA. (a) In General.--The Secretary shall evaluate constructing a connection between the Upper Barataria Basin Hurricane and Storm Damage Risk Reduction project, Louisiana, authorized by section 8401(3) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 U.S.C. 3839), and the project for hurricane and storm damage reduction, Morganza to the Gulf of Mexico, Louisiana, authorized by section 1001(24) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (121 Stat. 1053). (b) Submission to Congress.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall complete the evaluation described in subsection (a) and submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate any recommendations related to constructing a connection between the projects described in such subsection. SEC. 210. UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER SYSTEM FLOOD RISK AND RESILIENCY STUDY. (a) In General.--The Secretary shall conduct a study to evaluate and recommend local and systemic measures to improve flood resiliency and reduce flood risk in the floodplain, including the floodway, of the Upper Mississippi River System. (b) Components.--In carrying out the study required under subsection (a), the Secretary shall-- (1) develop recommendations to reduce costs and damages associated with flooding and enable people located in areas adjacent to, and economies dependent on, the Upper Mississippi River System to be more resilient to flood events; (2) identify opportunities to support navigation, environmental sustainability, and environmental restoration goals for the Upper Mississippi River System, including recommending measures that are incidental flood risk measures that may achieve such goals; (3) describe the existing flood risk conditions of the Upper Mississippi River System; (4) develop and recommend integrated, comprehensive, and systems-based approaches for flood risk reduction and floodplain management to minimize the threat to life, health, safety, and property resulting from flooding by using structural and nonstructural measures in the Upper Mississippi River System; (5) investigate and provide recommendations for modifications to authorized water resources development projects in Upper Mississippi River States within the floodplain of the Upper Mississippi River System, including modifications to the authorized purposes of such projects to further flood risk management and resiliency; (6) perform a systemic analysis of flood resiliency and flood risk to determine the feasibility of protecting authorized water resources development projects for flood control and navigation in the Upper Mississippi River System; (7) develop management plans and actions, to be carried out by the responsible Federal agency or State government, to reduce flood risk and improve resiliency in the Upper Mississippi River System; (8) identify and provide recommendations for any necessary changes to Federal or State law to carry out recommendations provided pursuant to this section; (9) recommend followup studies of problem areas in the Upper Mississippi River System for which data or technology does not allow immediate solutions; and (10) recommend additional monitoring of, or systemic adaptive management measures for, authorized water resources development projects to respond to changing conditions in the Upper Mississippi River System. (c) Coordination and Consultation.--In carrying out the study required under subsection (a), the Secretary shall-- (1) coordinate with the Upper Mississippi River States, including collectively through the Upper Mississippi River Basin Association; (2) consult with the appropriate Federal agencies, levee and drainage districts, and units of local government, and the Mississippi River Commission; and (3) seek and consider input from the Upper Mississippi navigation industry, agriculture and conservation organizations, and other interested parties in such States. (d) Continuation of Study.--The following studies shall be considered a continuation of the study carried out under subsection (a): (1) Any study recommended to be carried out in a report that the Chief of Engineers prepares for the study conducted under this section. (2) Any study spun off from the study conducted under this section before completion of such study. (e) Corps of Engineers District.--The Secretary shall carry out the study required under subsection (a) through the St. Louis District in the Mississippi Valley Division of the Corps of Engineers. (f) Cost Share.--The Federal share of the cost of the study carried out under subsection (a) and any study carried out pursuant to subsection (d) shall be 75 percent. (g) Definitions.--In this section: (1) Upper mississippi river state.--The term ``Upper Mississippi River State'' means any of the States of Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, or Wisconsin. (2) Upper mississippi river system.--The term ``Upper Mississippi River System'' has the meaning given the term in section 1103(b) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 652(b)). SEC. 211. NEW JERSEY HOT SPOT EROSION MITIGATION. (a) In General.--The Secretary shall conduct one or more studies on the effects of hot spot erosion on authorized coastal storm risk management projects in the State of New Jersey, which shall include, with respect to each affected project included in a study-- (1) the specific area of the project that is affected by hot spot erosion; and (2) the impact of hot spot erosion on the effectiveness of the project in meeting the purpose of coastal storm risk management. (b) Form.--A study conducted under subsection (a) may be in the form of a general reevaluation report, an engineering documentation report, or any other method of assessment that the Secretary determines appropriate. (c) Recommendations.--Based on the study or studies carried out under subsection (a), the Secretary shall develop recommendations for mitigating the effects of hot spot erosion on authorized coastal storm risk management projects in the State of New Jersey, which may include recommendations relating to-- (1) the design and construction of seawalls, jetties, berms, groins, breakwaters, or other physical structures; (2) the use of natural features and nature-based features, including living shorelines; and (3) modifications to authorized project designs or renourishment schedules. (d) Hot Spot Erosion Defined.--In this section, the term ``hot spot erosion'' means the loss of sediment in a specific, concentrated area, significantly faster than in immediately surrounding areas, due to natural processes. SEC. 212. OCEANSIDE, CALIFORNIA. The Secretary-- (1) shall-- (A) expedite the completion of the study of plans for mitigation and beach restoration authorized by section 414 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2000 (114 Stat. 2636); and (B) produce a report of the Chief of Engineers with a recommended plan for mitigation and beach restoration based on updated sediment sampling and analysis; and (2) may, if the Secretary determines that the mitigation and beach restoration plans described in such study are technically feasible and environmentally acceptable, proceed directly to preconstruction planning, engineering, and design of the mitigation and beach restoration work. SEC. 213. COASTAL WASHINGTON. (a) In General.--The Secretary is authorized to carry out comprehensive studies for riverine and coastal flooding of coastal areas in the State of Washington. (b) Requirements.--In carrying out a study under subsection (a), the Secretary shall-- (1) conduct a comprehensive analysis of current riverine and coastal flooding and corresponding risk reduction measures with an emphasis on resiliency to maintain or enhance current levels of risk management in response to changing conditions; (2) establish a method of projecting sea level rise with limited tide gage information and develop applicable tools to address the unique coastal flooding process in the Pacific Northwest region; (3) conduct research and development to understand the atmospheric, oceanic, geologic, and coastal forcing and response conditions necessary to develop a numerical modeling system that may be used for developing coastal hazard data, and how to best include that information in such a modeling system; (4) identify coastal vulnerabilities and risks in riverine and coastal areas due to sea level change, extreme weather, and increased coastal storm risk; (5) identify Tribal and economically disadvantaged communities (as defined by the Secretary under section 160 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2020 (33 U.S.C. 2201 note) with riverine and coastal flooding vulnerabilities and risks; and (6) recommend actions necessary to protect critical public infrastructure, communities, and critical natural or cultural resources. (c) Data Needs.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall, to the maximum extent practicable and where appropriate, use existing data provided to the Secretary by Federal and State agencies, Indian Tribes, and other stakeholders, including data obtained through other Federal programs. SEC. 214. CHERRYFIELD DAM, NARRAGUAGUS RIVER, MAINE. (a) In General.--The Secretary shall carry out a disposition study under section 216 of the Flood Control Act of 1970 (33 U.S.C. 549a) for the deauthorization and potential removal of the Cherryfield Local Protection Project, Narraguagus River, Maine, constructed pursuant to section 205 of the Flood Control Act of 1948 (33 U.S.C. 701s). (b) Report to Congress.--Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report on the status of the disposition study required under subsection (a). SEC. 215. POOR FARM POND DAM, WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS. (a) In General.--The Secretary shall carry out a disposition study under section 216 of the Flood Control Act of 1970 (33 U.S.C. 549a) for the deauthorization and potential removal of the Poor Farm Pond Dam, Worcester, Massachusetts. (b) Report to Congress.--Not later than 18 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report on the status of the disposition study required under subsection (a). SEC. 216. NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES STUDY ON UPPER RIO GRANDE BASIN. (a) In General.--The Secretary shall seek to enter into an agreement with the National Academy of Sciences to prepare a report containing-- (1) the results of a study on the management and operations of the dams and reservoirs in the Upper Rio Grande Basin, including the Heron, El Vado, Abiquiu, Cochiti, Jemez Canyon, and Elephant Butte dams and reservoirs; and (2) recommendations for future management and operation strategies for such dams and reservoirs with a goal of optimizing currently authorized project purposes and enhancing resiliency, including to drought and weather variations. (b) Consultation.--In preparing the report under subsection (a), the National Academy of Sciences shall consult with relevant Federal agencies. (c) Report.--Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate the report prepared under subsection (a). SEC. 217. CHAMBERS, GALVESTON, AND HARRIS COUNTIES, TEXAS. (a) In General.--The Secretary shall carry out a disposition study under section 216 of the Flood Control Act of 1970 (33 U.S.C. 549a) for the release, transfer, conveyance, or exchange of excess easements, or the exchange of land, held for placement of dredged material for the project for navigation, Houston Ship Channel Expansion Channel Improvement Project, Harris, Chambers, and Galveston Counties, Texas, authorized by section 401(1) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2020 (134 Stat. 2734). (b) Actions.--In carrying out the study required under subsection (a) the Secretary shall-- (1) ensure that the relevant non-Federal interest is provided right of first refusal for any potential release, transfer, conveyance, or exchange of excess easements; and (2) work alongside the non-Federal interest in identifying opportunities for land exchanges, where possible. SEC. 218. SEA SPARROW ACCOUNTING. (a) In General.--The Secretary shall share data and coordinate with relevant Federal, State, and local agencies to obtain an accurate count of Cape Sable Seaside Sparrows in Florida during each year and, to the maximum extent practicable, during the 5-year period preceding each such year. (b) Submission of Information to Congress.--Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter during the 10-year period beginning on such date of enactment, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate the information obtained under subsection (a). SEC. 219. WILSON LOCK FLOATING GUIDE WALL, ALABAMA. On the request of the relevant Federal entity, the Secretary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, use all relevant authorities to expeditiously provide technical assistance, including engineering and design assistance, and cost estimation assistance to the relevant Federal entity in order to address the impacts to navigation along the Tennessee River at the Wilson Lock and Dam, Alabama. SEC. 220. ALGIERS CANAL LEVEES, LOUISIANA. The Secretary shall issue a report to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate within 60 days of the passage of this Act detailing the Corps plan to assume responsibilities for the Algiers Canal Levee as outlined in section 8340(a) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat. 3795). TITLE III--DEAUTHORIZATIONS AND MODIFICATIONS SEC. 301. DEAUTHORIZATION OF INACTIVE PROJECTS. Section 301 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2020 (33 U.S.C. 579d-2) is amended by striking subsections (a) through (c) and inserting the following: ``(a) Purposes.--The purposes of this section are-- ``(1) to identify water resources development projects, and separable elements of projects, authorized by Congress that are no longer viable for construction due to-- ``(A) a lack of local support; ``(B) a lack of available Federal or non-Federal resources; or ``(C) an authorizing purpose that is no longer relevant or feasible; ``(2) to create an expedited and definitive process for Congress to deauthorize water resources development projects and separable elements that are no longer viable for construction; and ``(3) to allow the continued authorization of water resources development projects and separable elements that are viable for construction. ``(b) Proposed Deauthorization List.-- ``(1) Preliminary list of projects.-- ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall develop a preliminary list of each water resources development project, or separable element of a project, authorized for construction before June 10, 2014, for which-- ``(i) planning, design, or construction was not initiated before the date of enactment of the Water Resources Development Act of 2024; or ``(ii) planning, design, or construction was initiated before the date of enactment of the Water Resources Development Act of 2024, but for which no funds, Federal or non-Federal, were obligated for planning, design, or construction of the project or separable element of the project during the current fiscal year or any of the 10 preceding fiscal years. ``(B) Use of comprehensive construction backlog and operation and maintenance report.--The Secretary may develop the preliminary list from the comprehensive construction backlog and operation and maintenance reports developed pursuant to section 1001(b)(2) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 579a). ``(2) Preparation of proposed deauthorization list.-- ``(A) Proposed list and estimated deauthorization amount.--The Secretary shall-- ``(i) prepare a proposed list of projects for deauthorization comprised of a subset of projects and separable elements identified on the preliminary list developed under paragraph (1) that are projects or separable elements described in subsection (a)(1), as determined by the Secretary; and ``(ii) include with such proposed list an estimate, in the aggregate, of the Federal cost to complete such projects. ``(B) Determination of federal cost to complete.-- For purposes of subparagraph (A), the Federal cost to complete shall take into account any allowances authorized by section 902 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2280), as applied to the most recent project schedule and cost estimate. ``(3) Public comment and consultation.-- ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall solicit comments from the public and the Governors of each applicable State on the proposed deauthorization list prepared under paragraph (2)(A). ``(B) Comment period.--The public comment period shall be 90 days. ``(4) Preparation of final deauthorization list.-- ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall prepare a final deauthorization list by-- ``(i) considering any comments received under paragraph (3); and ``(ii) revising the proposed deauthorization list prepared under paragraph (2)(A) as the Secretary determines necessary to respond to such comments. ``(B) Appendix.--The Secretary shall include as part of the final deauthorization list an appendix that-- ``(i) identifies each project or separable element on the proposed deauthorization list that is not included on the final deauthorization list; and ``(ii) describes the reasons why the project or separable element is not included on the final deauthorization list. ``(c) Submission of Final Deauthorization List to Congress for Congressional Review; Publication.-- ``(1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of the close of the comment period under subsection (b)(3), the Secretary shall-- ``(A) submit the final deauthorization list and appendix prepared under subsection (b)(4) to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate; and ``(B) publish the final deauthorization list and appendix in the Federal Register. ``(2) Exclusions.--The Secretary shall not include in the final deauthorization list submitted under paragraph (1) any project or separable element with respect to which Federal funds for planning, design, or construction are obligated after the development of the preliminary list under subsection (b)(1)(A) but prior to the submission of the final deauthorization list under paragraph (1)(A) of this subsection.''. SEC. 302. GENERAL REAUTHORIZATIONS. (a) Las Vegas, Nevada.--Section 529(b)(3) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2000 (114 Stat. 2658; 119 Stat. 2255; 125 Stat. 865; 136 Stat. 4631) is amended by striking ``$40,000,000'' and inserting ``$60,000,000''. (b) Invasive Species in Alpine Lakes Pilot Program.--Section 507(c) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2020 (16 U.S.C. 4701 note) is amended by striking ``2028'' and inserting ``2030''. (c) Environmental Banks.--Section 309(e) of the Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection and Restoration Act (16 U.S.C. 3957(e)) is amended by striking ``12'' and inserting ``14''. (d) Levee Safety Initiative.--Section 9005(g)(2)(E)(i) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (33 U.S.C. 3303a(g)(2)(E)(i)) is amended by striking ``2028'' and inserting ``2033''. (e) Non-Federal Implementation Pilot Program.--Section 1043(b) of the Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014 (33 U.S.C. 2201 note) is amended by striking ``2026'' each place it appears and inserting ``2030''. (f) Asian Carp Prevention and Control Pilot Program.--Section 509(a) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2020 (33 U.S.C. 610 note) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (2)(C)(ii), by striking ``2024'' and inserting ``2030''; and (2) in paragraph (7), by striking ``2 years thereafter'' and inserting ``2 years after the date of enactment of the Water Resources Development Act of 2024''. (g) Transfer of Excess Credit.--Section 1020 of the Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014 (33 U.S.C. 2223) is amended by striking ``2028'' and inserting ``2033'' each place it appears. (h) Pilot Programs on the Formulation of Corps of Engineers Projects in Rural Communities and Economically Disadvantaged Communities.--Section 118 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2020 (33 U.S.C. 2201 note) is amended-- (1) in subsection (e), by striking ``5 years and 10 years'' and inserting ``5 years, 10 years, and 15 years''; (2) in subsection (g), by striking ``10 years'' and inserting ``15 years''; and (3) by adding at the end the following: ``(h) Priority Projects.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall prioritize the following projects: ``(1) The project for flood risk management, city of Rialto, California, authorized by section 201 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2024. ``(2) The project for ecosystem restoration and recreation, Santa Ana River, Jurupa Valley, California, authorized by section 201 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2024. ``(3) The project for flood control and other purposes, Kentucky River and its tributaries, Kentucky, authorized by section 6 of the Act of August 11, 1939 (chapter 699, 53 Stat. 1416). ``(4) The project for flood risk management, Kentucky River, Kentucky, authorized by section 8201(a)(31) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat. 3746). ``(5) The project for navigation, Hagaman Chute, Lake Providence, Louisiana, authorized by section 201 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2024. ``(6) The project for flood risk management, Otero County, New Mexico, authorized by section 201 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2024. ``(7) The project for flood control and other purposes, Susquehanna River Basin, Williamsport, Pennsylvania, authorized by section 5 of the Act of June 22, 1936 (chapter 688, 49 Stat. 1573). ``(8) The project for flood risk management and ecosystem restoration, Winooski River basin, Vermont, authorized by section 201 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2024. ``(9) The project for flood risk management and sediment management, Grays River, Wahkiakum County, Washington, authorized by section 201 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2024.''. (i) Rehabilitation of Existing Levees.--Section 3017(e) of the Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014 (33 U.S.C. 3303a note) is amended by striking ``2028'' and inserting ``2033''. SEC. 303. CONVEYANCES. (a) Generally Applicable Provisions.-- (1) Survey to obtain legal description.--The exact acreage and the legal description of any real property to be conveyed under this section shall be determined by a survey that is satisfactory to the Secretary. (2) Applicability of property screening provisions.-- Section 2696 of title 10, United States Code, shall not apply to any conveyance under this section. (3) Costs of conveyance.--An entity to which a conveyance is made under this section shall be responsible for all reasonable and necessary costs, including real estate transaction and environmental documentation costs, associated with the conveyance. (4) Liability.--An entity to which a conveyance is made under this section shall hold the United States harmless from any liability with respect to activities carried out, on or after the date of the conveyance, on the real property conveyed. The United States shall remain responsible for any liability with respect to activities carried out, before such date, on the real property conveyed. (5) Additional terms and conditions.--The Secretary may require that any conveyance under this section be subject to such additional terms and conditions as the Secretary considers necessary and appropriate to protect the interests of the United States. (b) City of Los Angeles, California.-- (1) Conveyance authorized.--The Secretary is authorized to convey, without consideration, to the City of Los Angeles, California, all right, title, and interest of the United States in and to the real property described in paragraph (2), for the purpose of housing a fire station, swiftwater rescue facility, and firefighter training facility. (2) Property.--The property to be conveyed under this subsection is the approximately 11.25 acres of land, including improvements on that land, located at 5101 Sepulveda Boulevard, Sherman Oaks, California. (3) Reversion.--If the Secretary determines at any time that the property conveyed under paragraph (1) is not being used in accordance with the purpose specified in such paragraph, all right, title, and interest in and to the property shall revert, at the discretion of the Secretary, to the United States. (c) Salinas Dam and Reservoir, California.-- (1) Conveyance authorized.--The Secretary shall convey, without consideration, to the County of San Luis Obispo, California, all right, title, and interest of the United States in and to the real property described in paragraph (2). (2) Property.--The property to be conveyed under this subsection is Salinas Dam and Reservoir (Santa Margarita Lake), California. (3) Safety requirements.--The Secretary shall, in consultation with appropriate Federal and non-Federal entities, ensure the property described in paragraph (2) meets applicable State and Federal dam safety requirements before conveying such property under this subsection. (4) Reversion.--If the Secretary determines that the property conveyed under this subsection is not used for a public purpose, all right, title, and interest in and to the property shall revert, at the discretion of the Secretary, to the United States. (d) Port of Skamania County, Washington.-- (1) Conveyance authorized.--The Secretary may convey, without consideration, to the Port of Skamania County, Washington, all right, title, and interest of the United States in and to the real property described in paragraph (2). (2) Property.--The property to be conveyed under this subsection is the approximately 1.6 acres of land, including improvements on that land, consisting of the following: Lot I-2 in the Fifth Addition to the Plats of Relocated North Bonneville recorded in Volume B of Plat Records, Pages 51 and 52, Skamania County Auditor's File No. 94016. (3) Waiver of property screening provision.--Section 401(e) of Public Law 100-581 (102 Stat. 2944) shall not apply to the conveyance under this subsection. (4) Reversion.--If the Secretary determines that the property conveyed under this subsection is not used for a public purpose, all right, title, and interest in and to the property shall revert, at the discretion of the Secretary, to the United States. (e) Technical Correction.--Section 8377(e)(3)(B) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat. 3825) is amended by striking ``reserved an retained'' and inserting ``reserved and retained''. SEC. 304. LAKES PROGRAM. Section 602(a) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (100 Stat. 4148; 104 Stat. 4646; 110 Stat. 3758; 118 Stat. 295; 121 Stat. 1076; 134 Stat. 2703; 136 Stat. 3778) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (33), by striking ``and'' at the end; (2) in paragraph (34) by striking the period at the end and inserting a semicolon; and (3) by adding at the end the following: ``(35) East Lake Tohopekaliga, Florida; ``(36) Dillon Lake, Ohio; ``(37) Hillcrest Pond, Pennsylvania; ``(38) Falcon Lake, Zapata County, Texas; and ``(39) Lake Casa Blanca, Webb County, Texas.''. SEC. 305. MAINTENANCE OF NAVIGATION CHANNELS. Section 509(a) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1996 (110 Stat. 3759; 113 Stat. 339; 114 Stat. 2679; 136 Stat. 3779) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``(23) West Dundalk Branch Channel and Dundalk-Seagirt Connecting Channel, Baltimore Harbor Anchorages and Channels, Maryland. ``(24) Crown Bay Marina Channel, United States Virgin Islands. ``(25) Pidgeon Industrial Area Harbor, Memphis, Tennessee. ``(26) McGriff Pass Channel, Florida. ``(27) Oak Harbor Channel and Breakwater, Washington. ``(28) Ediz Hook, Port Angeles, Washington.''. SEC. 306. ASSET DIVESTITURE. (a) In General.--Section 109 of the River and Harbor Act of 1950 (33 U.S.C. 534) is amended-- (1) by striking ``That the Secretary of the Army'' and inserting the following: ``(a) In General.--The Secretary of the Army''; (2) by striking ``with or without consideration'' and all that follows through the period at the end and inserting the following: ``with or without consideration if, prior to any transfer or conveyance of a bridge, the Secretary and the State authority, or political subdivision thereof, execute an agreement containing the following terms and conditions: ``(1) The State authority, or political subdivision thereof, shall assume responsibility for the operation, maintenance, repair, replacement, and rehabilitation of the bridge, including the preservation, protection, inspection and evaluation of, and future construction on, the bridge. ``(2) Operation of the bridge shall be consistent with the purposes of, and may not constrain or change, the operation and maintenance of the water resources development project in connection to which the bridge was constructed or acquired. ``(3) The State authority, or political subdivision thereof, shall hold the United States harmless from any liability with respect to the operation, maintenance, repair, replacement, and rehabilitation of the bridge, including preservation, protection, inspection and evaluation of, and future construction on, the bridge. ``(4) Any additional terms or conditions that the Secretary considers appropriate to protect the interests of the United States.''; and (3) by adding at the end the following: ``(b) Funds.--The Secretary may transfer to the State authority, or political subdivision thereof, to which a bridge is transferred or conveyed under this section any funds made available to the Secretary for necessary replacement or rehabilitation of the bridge.''. (b) Report on Bridge Inventory.-- (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report on bridges owned, operated, and maintained by the Corps of Engineers. (2) Requirements.--The Secretary shall include in the report required under paragraph (1)-- (A) a list of bridges carrying passengers that are-- (i) not located in recreational areas; and (ii) not required to be owned, operated, and maintained by the Corps of Engineers for the proper functioning of water resources development projects; (B) a description of the location of such bridges and applicable State authority or political subdivision to which such bridges may be transferred or conveyed under section 109 of the River and Harbor Act of 1950 (33 U.S.C. 534) (as amended by this section); and (C) a description of measures taken by the Corps of Engineers to reduce the number of bridges owned, operated, and maintained by the Corps of Engineers. SEC. 307. UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER RESTORATION PROGRAM. Section 1103(e)(4) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 652(e)(4)) is amended by striking ``$15,000,000 for fiscal year 1999 and each fiscal year thereafter'' and inserting ``$15,000,000 for fiscal year 2024 and $20,000,000 for each fiscal year thereafter''. SEC. 308. COASTAL COMMUNITY FLOOD CONTROL AND OTHER PURPOSES. Section 103(k)(4) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2213(k)(4)) is amended-- (1) in subparagraph (A)-- (A) in clause (i), by striking ``makes'' and inserting ``made''; and (B) in clause (ii), by striking ``repays an amount equal to \2/3\ of the remaining principal by'' and inserting ``made a payment of an additional $200,000,000 for that eligible deferred payment agreement on or before''; (2) in subparagraph (B) by inserting ``interest's'' after ``non-Federal''; and (3) by adding at the end the following: ``(C) Refund of credit.--Any agreement made that applied credits to satisfy the terms of a pre-payment made under subsection (k)(4)(A) that resulted in total payment in excess of the amount now required under subsection (k)(4)(A) shall be modified to indicate that the excess credits continue to apply toward any remaining principal of the respective project, or at the request of the non-Federal interest, the agreement shall be modified to retroactively transfer back those excess credits to the non-Federal interest such that those credits may be applied by the non-Federal interest to any cost-shared project identified by the non-Federal interest.''. SEC. 309. SHORE PROTECTION AND RESTORATION. Section 8327 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Sat. 3788) is amended-- (1) in the section heading, by striking ``delaware''; and (2) in subsection (b)-- (A) in the heading, by striking ``Delaware''; (B) by striking ``the State of Delaware'' and inserting ``the covered geographic area'' each place it appears; and (C) in paragraph (7), by adding at the end the following: ``(C) Covered geographic area.--The term `covered geographic area' means-- ``(i) the State of Delaware; ``(ii) Fire Island National Seashore, New York; and ``(iii) the hamlets of Massapequa Park, Massapequa, Amityville, Copiague, Lindenhurst, West Babylon, Babylon, West Islip, West Bay Shore, Brightwaters, Bay Shore, Islip, East Islip, Great River, Oakdale, West Sayville, Saville, Bayport, Blue Point, Patchogue, East Patchogue, Bellport, Brookhaven, Shirley, Mastic Beach, Mastic, Moriches, Center Moriches, East Moriches, and Eastport, New York.''. SEC. 310. HOPPER DREDGE MCFARLAND REPLACEMENT. If the Secretary replaces the Federal hopper dredge McFarland referred to in section 563 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1996 (110 Stat. 3784; 121 Stat. 1105) with another Federal hopper dredge, the Secretary shall-- (1) place the replacement Federal hopper dredge in a ready reserve status; (2) periodically perform routine underway dredging tests of the equipment (not to exceed 70 days per year) of the replacement Federal hopper dredge in a ready reserve status to ensure the ability of the replacement Federal hopper dredge to perform urgent and emergency work; and (3) in consultation with affected stakeholders, place the replacement Federal hopper dredge in active status in order to perform dredging work if the Secretary determines that private industry has failed-- (A) to submit a responsive and responsible bid for work advertised by the Secretary; or (B) to carry out a project as required pursuant to a contract between the industry and the Secretary. SEC. 311. ACEQUIAS IRRIGATION SYSTEMS. Section 1113 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (100 Stat. 4232; 110 Stat. 3719, 136 Stat. 3781) is amended-- (1) in subsection (d)-- (A) by striking ``The non-Federal'' and inserting the following: ``(1) In general.--The non-Federal''; and (B) by adding at the end the following: ``(2) Reconnaissance study.--Notwithstanding paragraph (1), the Federal share of a reconnaissance study carried out by the Secretary under this section shall be 100 percent.''; and (2) in subsection (e), by striking ``$80,000,000'' and inserting ``$90,000,000''. SEC. 312. PACIFIC REGION. Section 444 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1996 (110 Stat. 3747; 113 Stat. 286) is amended by inserting ``Hawaii,'' after ``Guam,''. SEC. 313. SELMA, ALABAMA. The Federal share of the cost of the project for flood risk management, Selma Flood Risk Management and Bank Stabilization, Alabama, authorized by section 8401(2) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat. 3838), shall be 100 percent. SEC. 314. BARROW, ALASKA. For purposes of implementing the coastal erosion project, Barrow, Alaska, authorized pursuant to section 116 of the Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2010 (123 Stat. 2851) the Secretary may consider the North Slope Borough to be in compliance with section 402(a) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 701b-12(a)) on adoption by the North Slope Borough Assembly of a floodplain management plan to reduce the impacts of flood events in the immediate floodplain area of the project, if the plan-- (1) was developed in consultation with the Secretary and the Administrator of the Federal Emergency Management Agency in accordance with the guidelines developed under section 402(c) of such Act; and (2) is approved by the Secretary. SEC. 315. SAN FRANCISCO BAY, CALIFORNIA. Section 142 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1976 (90 Stat. 2930; 100 Stat. 4158) is amended-- (1) by striking ``The Secretary'' and inserting ``(a) The Secretary''; (2) by inserting ``, Contra Costa,'' before ``and Solano''; and (3) by adding at the end the following: ``(b) Additional Purposes.--In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary shall-- ``(1) include the ocean shorelines of each county; ``(2) with respect to the bay and ocean shorelines of each county-- ``(A) investigate measures to adapt to rising sea levels; ``(B) consider the needs of economically disadvantaged communities within the study area, including identification of areas in which infrastructure for transportation, wastewater, housing, and other economic assets of such communities are most vulnerable to flood or shoreline risks; and ``(C) to the maximum extent practicable, consider the use of natural features or nature-based features and the beneficial use of dredged materials; and ``(3) with respect to the bay and ocean shorelines, and streams running to the bay and ocean shorelines, of each county, investigate the effects of proposed flood or shoreline protection, coastal storm risk reduction, environmental infrastructure, and other measures or improvements on-- ``(A) the local economy, including recreation; ``(B) aquatic ecosystem restoration, enhancement, or expansion efforts or opportunities; ``(C) public infrastructure protection and improvement; ``(D) stormwater runoff capacity and control measures, including those that may mitigate flooding; ``(E) erosion of beaches and coasts; and ``(F) any other measures or improvements relevant to adapting to rising sea levels.''. SEC. 316. SANTA ANA RIVER MAINSTEM, CALIFORNIA. (a) Santa Ana Creek, Including Santiago Creek.-- (1) Modification.--The project for flood control, Santa Ana River Mainstem Project, including Santiago Creek, California, authorized by section 401(a) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (100 Stat. 4113; 101 Stat. 1329-111; 104 Stat. 4611; 110 Stat. 3713; 121 Stat. 1115), is modified to require the Secretary to treat construction of the Santiago Creek Channel as a separable element of the project. (2) Prohibition.--The Secretary may not construct the Santiago Creek Channel unless such construction minimizes the impacts to existing trees in, or adjacent to, the Santiago Creek Channel. (3) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this subsection shall affect the authorization for other portions of the project described in paragraph (1). (4) Definitions.--In this subsection: (A) Santiago creek channel.--The term ``Santiago Creek Channel'' means the portion of the project for flood control, Santa Ana River Mainstem Project, including Santiago Creek, California, authorized by section 401(a) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (100 Stat. 4113; 101 Stat. 1329-111; 104 Stat. 4611; 110 Stat. 3713; 121 Stat. 1115), consisting of Santiago Creek downstream of the I-5 Interstate Highway to the confluence with the Santa Ana River. (B) Separable element.--The term ``separable element'' has the meaning given such term in section 103 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2213). (b) Report.-- (1) In general.--Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall provide the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate with an update on implementation of the project for flood control, Santa Ana River Mainstem, including Santiago Creek, California, authorized by section 401(a) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (100 Stat. 4113; 101 Stat. 1329-111; 104 Stat. 4611; 110 Stat. 3713; 121 Stat. 1115). (2) Specifications.--In providing the update required under paragraph (1), the Secretary is directed to provide specific information on-- (A) efforts by the Secretary and the non-Federal interest for the project to acquire the lands or interests in lands necessary to implement the project; (B) the status of potential reimbursement requests by the non-Federal interest for such lands or interests; and (C) the status of ongoing requests by the non- Federal interest for approval by the Secretary of pending land (or interest in land) appraisals and litigation settlements associated with such lands or interests in lands. SEC. 317. FAULKNER ISLAND, CONNECTICUT. Section 527 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1996 (110 Stat. 3767) is amended by striking ``$4,500,000'' and inserting ``$8,000,000''. SEC. 318. BROADKILL BEACH, DELAWARE. The project for hurricane and storm damage risk reduction, Delaware Beneficial Use of Dredged Material for the Delaware River, Delaware, authorized by section 401(3) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2020 (134 Stat. 2736; 136 Stat. 3788) is modified to include the project for hurricane and storm damage reduction, Delaware Bay coastline, Delaware and New Jersey-Broadkill Beach, Delaware, authorized by section 101(a)(11) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (113 Stat. 275). SEC. 319. FEDERAL TRIANGLE AREA, WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. In carrying out the feasibility study for the project for flood risk management, Federal Triangle Area, Washington, District of Columbia, authorized by section 8201(a)(12) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat. 3745), the Secretary may accept and expend funds contributed by other Federal agencies within the study area. SEC. 320. WASHINGTON AQUEDUCT. Section 8146(d) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (40 U.S.C. 9501 note; 136 Stat. 3729) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``Water and Sewer Authority'' after ``District of Columbia''; and (2) in paragraph (3), by striking ``Fairfax County'' and inserting ``the Fairfax County Water Authority''. SEC. 321. WASHINGTON METROPOLITAN AREA, WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, MARYLAND, AND VIRGINIA. The Federal share of the cost of the feasibility study for the project for water supply, Washington, District of Columbia, Maryland, and Virginia, authorized by section 8201(a)(14) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat. 3745) shall be 100 percent. SEC. 322. NORTHERN ESTUARIES ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION, FLORIDA. Section 8215(b) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 is amended by adding at the end the following: ``(6) Federal share.--The Federal share of the cost of carrying out paragraph (1) shall be 100 percent.''. SEC. 323. NEW SAVANNAH BLUFF LOCK AND DAM, GEORGIA AND SOUTH CAROLINA. Section 1319(c) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2016 (130 Stat. 1703; 136 Stat. 3792) is amended-- (1) by amending paragraph (1) to read as follows: ``(1) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Project is modified to include-- ``(A) full repair of the New Savannah Bluff Lock and Dam structure; ``(B) modification of the structure such that the structure is able to maintain a stable pool with the same daily average elevation as is achieved by the existing structure, as measured at both the United States Geological Survey Gage 02196999, located at the New Savannah Bluff Lock and Dam, and the United States Geological Survey Gage 02196670, located in the vicinity of the Fifth Street Bridge, Augusta, Georgia, which at the New Savannah Bluff Lock and Dam is between 114.5 and 115 feet National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD29); ``(C) construction of a fish passage structure as recommended in the report of the Chief of Engineers for the Project, dated August 17, 2012, or such other Project feature that appropriately mitigates impacts to fish habitat caused by the Project without removing the dam; and ``(D) conveyance by the Secretary to Augusta- Richmond County, Georgia, of the park and recreation area adjacent to the New Savannah Bluff Lock and Dam, without consideration.''; (2) in paragraph (2), by adding at the end the following: ``(C) Ceiling.--The costs of construction to be paid by the Georgia Ports Authority as a non-Federal interest for the Project for the modifications authorized under paragraph (1) shall not exceed the costs that would be paid by such non-Federal interest for construction of the fish passage structure recommended in the report of the Chief of Engineers for the Project, dated August 17, 2012.''; and (3) in paragraph (3), by striking ``the cost sharing of the Project as provided by law'' and inserting ``the cost sharing of the fish passage structure as recommended in the report of the Chief of Engineers for the Project, dated August 17, 2012''. SEC. 324. DILLARD ROAD, PATOKA LAKE, INDIANA. (a) Transfer Authorized.--The Secretary is authorized to transfer, without consideration, to the State of Indiana, all right, title, and interest of the United States in and to the real property interests described in subsection (b). (b) Property.--The real property interests to be transferred under this section are any easements on the approximately 11.85 acres of land associated with Dillard Road, located in Patoka Township, Crawford County, Indiana, that is subject to the Department of the Army license granted to the State of Indiana numbered DACW27-3-22-690, as described in Exhibit A of such license, including improvements on that land. (c) Disposal.--The Secretary may, under subchapter III of chapter 5 of subtitle I of title 40, United States Code, dispose of any portion of the real property interests described in subsection (b) of which the State of Indiana does not accept transfer. (d) Reversion.--If the Secretary determines that the land described in subsection (b) ceases to be used as a road, all right, title, and interest in and to the real property interests shall revert, at the discretion of the Secretary, to the United States. (e) Costs of Transfer.--The State of Indiana shall be responsible for all reasonable and necessary costs, including real estate transaction and environmental documentation costs, associated with the transfer under this section. (f) Liability.--The State of Indiana shall hold the United States harmless from any liability with respect to activities carried out, on or after the date of the conveyance, on the land described in subsection (b). (g) Additional Terms and Conditions.--The Secretary may require that the transfer under this section be subject to such additional terms and conditions as the Secretary considers necessary and appropriate to protect the interests of the United States. SEC. 325. LAROSE TO GOLDEN MEADOW, LOUISIANA. (a) Scoping of Evaluation.-- (1) Study.--Not later than June 30, 2025, the Secretary shall complete a study of the following relating to the covered project: (A) Any project modifications undertaken by the non-Federal interest for the covered project since 2005 not constructed in accordance with section 14 of the Act of March 3, 1899 (33 U.S.C. 408). (B) Current elevations required for the covered project to meet the 100-year level of risk reduction. (C) Whether project modifications undertaken by the non-Federal interest for the covered project since 2005 were injurious to the covered project or the public. (D) Any deviations from design guidelines acceptable for the covered project. (E) Improvements needed for the covered project to address any deficiencies according to current design guidelines of the Corps of Engineers district in which the covered project is located. (F) A re-evaluation of project economics. (2) Report.--Not later than 90 days after completing the study under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report that includes-- (A) the results of the study; (B) a recommendation for a pathway into a systemwide improvement plan created pursuant to section 5(c)(2) of the Act of August 18, 1941 (33 U.S.C. 701n(c)) (as amended by this Act); and (C) recommendations for improvement to the covered project to address any deficiencies. (b) Covered Project Defined.--In this section, the term ``covered project'' means the Larose to Golden Meadow project, Louisiana, authorized by the Flood Control Act of 1965 as the Grand Isle and vicinity project. (c) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $3,000,000. SEC. 326. MORGANZA TO THE GULF OF MEXICO, LOUISIANA. Section 1001(24) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (121 Stat. 1053) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``(C) Credit.--The Secretary shall credit toward the non-Federal share of the cost of the project described in subparagraph (A) the cost of work carried out by the non-Federal interest for interim flood protection after March 31, 1989, if the Secretary determines that the work-- ``(i) is integral to the project; ``(ii) complies with all applicable Federal laws, regulations, and policies that were in place at the time the work was completed; and ``(iii) notwithstanding the date described in this subparagraph, is otherwise in compliance with the requirements of section 221 of the Flood Control Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 1962d-5b).''. SEC. 327. PORT FOURCHON BELLE PASS CHANNEL, LOUISIANA. (a) Study Request.--If the non-Federal interest for the Port Fourchon project requests to undertake a feasibility study for a modification to the project under section 203(a)(1)(B) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (as amended by this Act), the Secretary shall provide to the non-Federal interest, not later than 30 days after the date on which the Secretary receives such request, a determination in accordance with section 203(a)(1)(3) of such Act (as amended by this Act). (b) Notification of Additional Analyses and Reviews.--Not later than 30 days after receiving a feasibility study for modification to the Port Fourchon project submitted by the non-Federal interest for the project under section 203(a) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2231(a)), the Secretary shall-- (1) review the study and determine, in accordance with section 203(b)(3)(C) such Act (as amended by this Act), whether additional information is needed for the Secretary to perform the required analyses, reviews, and compliance processes; (2) provide the non-Federal interest with a comprehensive list of additional information needs, as applicable; and (3) if additional information is not needed, inform the non-Federal interest that the study submission is complete. (c) Analysis, Review, and Compliance.-- (1) In general.--Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), not later than 180 days after the Secretary receives the study for the Port Fourchon project described in subsection (b), the Secretary shall complete the analyses, review, and compliance processes for the project required under section 203(b) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986, issue a finding of no significant impact or a record of decision, and submit such finding or decision to the non-Federal interest. (2) Exception.--The Secretary may delay the issuance of the finding or record of decision required under paragraph (1) if-- (A) the Secretary has not received necessary information or approvals from another entity, including the non-Federal interest, in a manner that affects the ability of the Secretary to meet any requirements under State, local, or Federal law; or (B) significant new information or circumstances, including a major modification to an aspect of the Port Fourchon project, requires additional analysis by the Secretary. (3) Notification of additional time.--If the Secretary determines that more than 180 days will be required to carry out paragraph (1), the Secretary shall notify the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives, the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate, and the non-Federal interest and describe the basis for requiring additional time. (d) Port Fourchon Project Defined.--In this section, the term ``Port Fourchon project'' means the project for navigation, Port Fourchon Belle Pass Channel, Louisiana, authorized by section 403(a)(4) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2020 (134 Stat. 2743). SEC. 328. UPPER ST. ANTHONY FALLS LOCK AND DAM, MINNESOTA. The Upper St. Anthony Falls Lock and Dam (as such term is defined in section 2010 of the Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014 (128 Stat. 1270; 136 Stat. 3795)) is modified to remove navigation as an authorized purpose. SEC. 329. MISSOURI RIVER LEVEE SYSTEM, MISSOURI. Section 111 of the Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2009 (123 Stat. 607) is amended by striking ``$7,000,000'' and inserting ``$65,000,000''. SEC. 330. TABLE ROCK LAKE, MISSOURI AND ARKANSAS. (a) In General.--The Secretary shall permit the ongoing presence of an eligible structure at the Table Rock Lake project. (b) Privately Owned Sewer and Septic System.--The Secretary shall permit the ongoing presence of an eligible structure that is a privately owned sewer and septic system at the Table Rock Lake project until-- (1) the abandonment of such system by the holder of a license for right-of-way for such system; or (2) the failure of such system. (c) Definitions.--In this section: (1) Eligible structure.--The term ``eligible structure'' means a privately owned sewer and septic system for which a license for right-of-way has been provided by the Secretary and is in effect on the date of enactment of this Act, dwelling unit, shed, retaining wall, deck, patio, gazebo, driveway, or fence-- (A) that is located on fee land or land subject to a flowage easement; and (B) that does not impact the reservoir level or pose a failure risk to the dam of the Table Rock Lake project. (2) Fee land.--The term ``fee land'' means the land acquired in fee title by the United States for the Table Rock Lake project. (3) Table rock lake project.--The term ``Table Rock Lake project'' means the Table Rock Lake project of the Corps of Engineers, located in Missouri and Arkansas, authorized as one of the multipurpose reservoir projects in the White River Basin by section 4 of the Act of June 28, 1938 (52 Stat. 1218). SEC. 331. MISSOURI RIVER MITIGATION, MISSOURI, KANSAS, IOWA, AND NEBRASKA. (a) Acquisition of Lands.--In acquiring any land, or interests in land, to satisfy the total number of acres required for the covered project, the Secretary-- (1) may only acquire land, or an interest in land, that-- (A) is on the riverward side of levees; or (B) will contribute to future flood risk resiliency projects; (2) may only acquire land, or an interest in land, with the approval of the Governor of the State in which the land is located; and (3) may not acquire land, or an interest in land, by eminent domain. (b) Application of Lands.--The Secretary shall apply all covered land toward the number of acres required for the covered project in accordance with section 334 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (113 Stat. 306; 136 Stat. 3799). (c) Definitions.--In this section: (1) Covered land.--The term ``covered land'' means any land or interests in land that-- (A) is acquired by a Federal agency other than the Corps of Engineers; (B) is located within the meander belt of the lower Missouri River; and (C) the Secretary, in consultation with the head of any Federal agency that has acquired the land or interest in land, determines meets the purposes of the covered project. (2) Covered project.--The term ``covered project'' means the project for mitigation of fish and wildlife losses, Missouri River Bank Stabilization and Navigation Project, Missouri, Kansas, Iowa, and Nebraska, authorized by section 601(a) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (100 Stat. 4143; 113 Stat. 306; 121 Stat. 1155; 136 Stat. 2395). SEC. 332. NEW YORK AND NEW JERSEY HARBOR AND TRIBUTARIES, NEW YORK AND NEW JERSEY. (a) In General.--The study for flood and storm damage reduction for the New York and New Jersey Harbor and Tributaries project, authorized by the Act of June 15, 1955 (chapter 140, 69 Stat. 132, 134 Stat. 2676) and being carried out pursuant to the Disaster Relief Appropriations Act, 2013 (Public Law 113-2), is modified to require the Secretary, upon the request of the non-Federal interest for the project, to include within the scope of such study an investigation of, and recommendations relating to, projects and activities to maximize the net public benefits, including ecological benefits and societal benefits, from the reduction of the comprehensive flood risk within the geographic scope of the project from the isolated and compound effects of factors described in section 8106(a) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (33 U.S.C. 2282g). (b) Associated Projects.--The Secretary is authorized to carry out projects and activities recommended pursuant to subsection (a) if such projects and activities otherwise meet the criteria for projects carried out under a continuing authority program (as defined in section 7001(c)) of the Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014 (33 U.S.C. 2282d(c)). (c) Continuation.--Any study recommended to be carried out in a report that the Chief of Engineers prepares for such study shall be considered a continuation of the study described in subsection (a). (d) Consideration; Consultation.--In developing recommendations pursuant to subsection (a), the Secretary shall-- (1) consider the use of natural and nature-based features; (2) consult with applicable Federal and State agencies and other stakeholders within the geographic scope of the project; and (3) solicit public comments. (e) Interim Progress; Report to Congress.--Not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall transmit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report detailing-- (1) any recommendations made pursuant to subsection (a); (2) any projects or activities carried out under subsection (b); (3) any additional, site-specific areas within the geographic scope of the project for which additional study is recommended by the Secretary; and (4) any interim actions related to reduction of comprehensive flood risk within the geographic scope of the project undertaken by the Secretary during the study period. (f) Savings Clause.--Any additional action authorized by this section shall not delay any existing study, engineering, or planning work underway as of the date of enactment of this Act. SEC. 333. WESTERN LAKE ERIE BASIN, OHIO, INDIANA, AND MICHIGAN. Section 441 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (113 Stat. 328) is amended-- (1) in subsection (a), by striking ``flood control,'' and inserting ``flood risk management, hurricane and storm damage risk reduction,''; (2) in subsection (b), by striking ``the study'' and inserting ``any study under this section''; and (3) by striking subsection (c) and inserting the following: ``(c) Treatment of Studies.--Any study carried out by the Secretary under this section after the date of enactment of the Water Resources Development Act of 2024 shall be treated as a continuation of the initial study carried out under this section. ``(d) Projects.--A project resulting from a study carried out under this section may be implemented pursuant to section 212.''. SEC. 334. WILLAMETTE VALLEY, OREGON. The Secretary may not complete its review of, and consultation with other Federal agencies on, the operation and maintenance of the projects for flood control, navigation, and other purposes, Willamette River Basin, Oregon, authorized by section 4 of the Act of June 28, 1938 (chapter 795, 52 Stat. 1222; 62 Stat. 1178; 64 Stat. 177; 68 Stat. 1264; 74 Stat. 499; 100 Stat. 4144), until the Secretary prepares and formally analyzes an alternative that ceases hydropower operations at the projects, notwithstanding hydropower being an authorized purpose of such projects. SEC. 335. COLUMBIA RIVER CHANNEL, OREGON AND WASHINGTON. In carrying out maintenance activities on the project for navigation, Columbia River Channel, Oregon and Washington, authorized by section 101(b)(13) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (113 Stat. 280), the Secretary is authorized to include, as part of the full operating costs of the Cutter Suction Dredge provided by the non- Federal interest for the project, any costs of replacing the Cutter Suction Dredge that the Secretary and the non-Federal interest agree are necessary. SEC. 336. BUFFALO BAYOU TRIBUTARIES AND RESILIENCY STUDY, TEXAS. (a) In General.--The Secretary shall expedite completion of the Buffalo Bayou Tributaries and Resiliency Study, Texas, carried out pursuant to title IV of the Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 (132 Stat. 76). (b) Reports.--The final report of the Chief of Engineers for the study described in subsection (a) shall contain recommendations for projects that-- (1) align with community objectives; (2) avoid or minimize adverse effects on the environment and community; and (3) promote the resiliency of infrastructure. (c) Deadline.--Not later than December 31, 2025, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate the final report described in subsection (b). SEC. 337. MATAGORDA SHIP CHANNEL JETTY DEFICIENCY, PORT LAVACA, TEXAS. (a) In General.--The project for navigation, Matagorda Ship Channel, Port Lavaca, Texas, authorized by section 101 of the River and Harbor Act of 1958 (72 Stat. 298), is modified to authorize the Secretary to carry out the repairs for the Matagorda Ship Channel Jetty Deficiency, as described in the report titled ``Matagorda Ship Channel Project Deficiency Report'' and published by the Secretary in the June 2020 Matagorda Ship Channel Project Deficiency Report. (b) Cost Share.--The non-Federal share of the cost of the repairs carried out pursuant to subsection (a) shall be 10 percent. SEC. 338. SAN ANTONIO CHANNEL, SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS. The project for flood control, San Antonio channel improvement, Texas, authorized by section 203 of the Flood Control Act of 1954 as part of the project for flood protection on the Guadalupe and San Antonio Rivers, Texas (68 Stat. 1259; 90 Stat. 2921; 114 Stat. 2611), is modified to require the Secretary to carry out the project substantially in accordance with Alternative 7, as identified in the final General Re-evaluation Report and Environmental Assessment for the project, dated January 2014. SEC. 339. WESTERN WASHINGTON STATE, WASHINGTON. (a) Establishment of Program.--The Secretary may establish a program to provide environmental assistance to non-Federal interests in Chelan County, Island County, King County, Kittitas County, Pierce County, San Juan County, Snohomish County, Skagit County, and Whatcom County, Washington. (b) Form of Assistance.--Assistance provided under this section may be in the form of design and construction assistance for water-related environmental infrastructure and resource protection and development projects in the counties listed in subsection (a) or make defined term for Western Washington State, including projects for wastewater treatment and related facilities, water supply and related facilities, environmental restoration, and surface water resource protection and development. (c) Ownership Requirement.--The Secretary may provide assistance for a project under this section only if the project is publicly owned. (d) Partnership Agreements.-- (1) In general.--Before providing assistance under this section to a non-Federal interest, the Secretary shall enter into a partnership agreement under section 221 of the Flood Control Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 1962d-5b) with the non-Federal interest with respect to the project to be carried out with such assistance. (2) Requirements.--Each partnership agreement for a project entered into under this subsection shall provide for the following: (A) Development by the Secretary, in consultation with appropriate Federal and State officials, of a facilities or resource protection and development plan, including appropriate engineering plans and specifications. (B) Establishment of such legal and institutional structures as are necessary to ensure the effective long-term operation of the project by the non-Federal interest. (3) Cost sharing.-- (A) In general.--The Federal share of the cost of a project under this section-- (i) shall be 75 percent; and (ii) may be provided in the form of grants or reimbursements of project costs. (B) Credit for interest.--In case of a delay in the funding of the Federal share of a project that is the subject of an agreement under this section, the non- Federal interest shall receive credit for reasonable interest accrued on the cost of providing the non- Federal share of the project cost. (C) Credit for land, easements, and rights-of- way.--Notwithstanding section 221(a)(4)(G) of the Flood Control Act of 1970 (42 U.S.C. 1962d-5b(a)(4)(G)), the non-Federal interest shall receive credit for land, easements, rights-of-way, and relocations toward the non-Federal share of project cost (including all reasonable costs associated with obtaining permits necessary for the construction, operation, and maintenance of the project on publicly owned or controlled land), except that the credit may not exceed 25 percent of total project costs. (D) Operation and maintenance.--The non-Federal share of operation and maintenance costs for projects constructed with assistance provided under this section shall be 100 percent. (e) Authorization of Appropriations.-- (1) In general.--There is authorized to be appropriated $242,000,000 to carry out this section. (2) Corps of engineers expenses.--Not more than 10 percent of the amounts made available to carry out this section may be used by the Secretary to administer projects under this section at Federal expense. (f) Conforming Amendment.--Section 219(f)(404) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 is repealed. SEC. 340. ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE. (a) New Projects.--Section 219(f) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 336; 121 Stat. 1258; 136 Stat. 3808) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``(406) Buckeye, arizona.--$12,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water reclamation, City of Buckeye, Arizona. ``(407) Flagstaff, arizona.--$5,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water reclamation, City of Flagstaff, Arizona. ``(408) Page, arizona.--$10,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water reclamation, City of Page, Arizona. ``(409) Sahuarita, arizona.--$4,800,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water reclamation, in the town of Sahuarita, Arizona. ``(410) Tucson, arizona.--$20,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water reclamation, City of Tucson, Arizona. ``(411) Winslow, arizona.--$3,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water reclamation, City of Winslow, Arizona. ``(412) Adelanto, california.--$4,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in the City of Adelanto, California. ``(413) Aptos, california.--$10,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in the town of Aptos, California. ``(414) Bishop, california.--$2,500,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in the city of Bishop, California. ``(415) Bloomington, california.--$20,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, in Bloomington, California. ``(416) Butte county, california.--$50,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, water supply, environmental restoration, and surface water resource protection in Butte County, California. ``(417) California city, california.--$1,902,808 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply, in the city of California City, California. ``(418) Carson, california.--$11,000,000 for water and water supply infrastructure in the City of Carson, California. ``(419) Cedar glen, california.--$35,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply and water storage, in Cedar Glen, California. ``(420) Culver city, california.--$10,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply and drinking water, in City of Culver City, California. ``(421) Colton, california.--$20,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, in the city of Colton, California. ``(422) East san fernando valley, california.--$50,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, drinking water, and water supply, in the City of Los Angeles, California, including Sun Valley. ``(423) Fresno county, california.--$20,000,000 for water and water supply infrastructure, including stormwater management, surface water resource protection, and environmental restoration, in Fresno County, California. ``(424) Georgetown divide public utility district, california.--$20,500,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply and water storage, for communities served by the Georgetown Divide Public Utility District, California. ``(425) Grand terrace, california.--$10,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, in the city of Grand Terrace, California. ``(426) Hayward, california.--$15,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including related environmental infrastructure, in the city of Hayward, California. ``(427) Hollister, california.--$5,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in the city of Hollister, California. ``(428) Kern county, california.--$50,000,000 for water and water supply infrastructure in Kern County, California. ``(429) Lake county, california.--$20,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, in Lake County, California. ``(430) Lake tahoe basin.--$20,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply, in the communities within the Lake Tahoe Basin in Nevada and California. ``(431) La quinta, california.--$4,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, in the City of La Quinta, California. ``(432) Lakewood, california.--$8,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in the city of Lakewood, California. ``(433) Lawndale, california.--$6,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, and environmental infrastructure, in the city of Lawndale, California. ``(434) Lone pine, california.--$7,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, in the town of Lone Pine, California. ``(435) Lomita, california.--$5,500,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply and stormwater management, in the city of Lomita, California. ``(436) Los banos, california.--$4,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, in the city of Los Banos, California. ``(437) Los olivos, california.--$4,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in the town of Los Olivos, California. ``(438) Lynwood, california.--$12,000,000 for water and water supply infrastructure in the city of Lynwood, California. ``(439) Madera county, california.--$27,500,000 for water and water supply infrastructure in Madera County, California. ``(440) Milpitas, california.--$15,000,000 for water and water supply infrastructure in the city of Milpitas, California. ``(441) Montecito, california.--$18,250,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply and stormwater management, in the town of Montecito, California. ``(442) Oakland-alameda estuary, california.--$30,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, in the cities of Oakland and Alameda, California. ``(443) Oxnard, california.--$40,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply, conservation, water reuse and related facilities, environmental restoration, and surface water resource protection, in the city of Oxnard, California. ``(444) Patterson, california.--$10,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply and environmental restoration, in the city of Patterson, California. ``(445) Pomona, california.--$35,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply and drinking water, in Pomona, California. ``(446) Rohnert park, california.--$10,000,000 for water and water supply infrastructure in the city of Rohnert Park, California. ``(447) Salinas, california.--$20,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply, in the city of Salinas, California. ``(448) San benito county, california.--$10,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply, in San Benito County, California. ``(449) San buenaventura, california.--$18,250,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water reclamation, City of San Buenaventura, California. ``(450) San diego county, california.--$200,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply, in San Diego County, California. ``(451) South gate, california.--$5,000,000 for water and water supply infrastructure in the city of South Gate, California. ``(452) San luis obispo county, california.--$5,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including drinking water and water supply, in San Luis Obispo County, California. ``(453) Stanislaus county, california.--$10,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply and stormwater management, in Stanislaus County, California. ``(454) Tulare county, california.--$20,000,000 for water and water supply infrastructure, including stormwater management, surface water resource protection, and environmental restoration, in Tulare County, California. ``(455) Watsonville, california.--$28,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in the city of Watsonville, California. ``(456) Yolo county, california.--$20,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply and stormwater management, in Yolo County, California. ``(457) Yorba linda water district, california.--$6,500,000 for water and water supply infrastructure in communities served by the Yorba Linda Water District, California. ``(458) Fremont county, colorado.--$50,000,000 for water and water supply infrastructure, in Fremont County, Colorado. ``(459) East hampton, connecticut.--$25,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply, in the town of East Hampton, Connecticut. ``(460) East lyme, connecticut.--$25,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply, in the town of East Lyme, Connecticut. ``(461) Bethany beach to rehoboth beach, delaware.-- $25,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, water storage and treatment, and environmental restoration in the town of Bethany Beach, Delaware, and the city of Rehoboth Beach, Delaware. ``(462) Wilmington, delaware.--$25,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, water storage and treatment, and environmental restoration in the City of Wilmington, Delaware. ``(463) Broward county, florida.--$50,000,000 for water and water-related infrastructure, including stormwater management, water storage and treatment, surface water protection, and environmental restoration, in Broward County, Florida. ``(464) Deltona, florida.--$31,200,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in the City of Deltona, Florida. ``(465) Longboat key, florida.--$2,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, in the Town of Longboat Key, Florida. ``(466) Marion county, florida.--$10,000,000 for water and water supply infrastructure, including water supply, in Marion County, Florida. ``(467) Oviedo, florida.--$10,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water storage and treatment, in the city of Oviedo, Florida. ``(468) Osceola county, florida.--$5,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply, and environmental restoration, in Osceola County, Florida. ``(469) Central florida.--$45,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply, in Brevard County, Orange County, and Osceola County, Florida. ``(470) Central coastal georgia, georgia.--$50,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management and water supply, in Bryan, Camden, Chatham, Effingham, Glynn, and McIntosh Counties, Georgia. ``(471) Dekalb county, georgia.--$40,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including drinking water and water treatment, in DeKalb County, Georgia. ``(472) Porterdale, georgia.--$10,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, water supply, and environmental restoration in the city of Porterdale, Georgia. ``(473) Burley, idaho.--$20,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water treatment, in the city of Burley, Idaho. ``(474) Belvidere, illinois.--$17,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in the city of Belvidere, Illinois. ``(475) Dupage county, illinois.--$5,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply and drinking water, in the village of Clarendon Hills, Illinois. ``(476) Fox river, illinois.--$9,500,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water storage and treatment, in the villages of Lakemoor, Island Lake, and Volo, and McHenry County, Illinois. ``(477) German valley, illinois.--$5,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including drinking water and water treatment, in the village of German Valley, Illinois. ``(478) Lasalle, illinois.--$4,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, drinking water, water treatment, and environmental restoration, in the city of LaSalle, Illinois. ``(479) Rockford, illinois.--$4,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including drinking water and water treatment, in the city of Rockford, Illinois. ``(480) Savanna, illinois.--$2,000,000 for water and water supply infrastructure, including drinking water, in the city of Savanna, Illinois. ``(481) Sherrard, illinois.--$7,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including drinking water and water treatment, in the village of Sherrard, Illinois. ``(482) Brownsville, kentucky.--$14,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply and drinking water, in the city of Brownsville, Kentucky. ``(483) Monroe, louisiana.--$7,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, water supply, and drinking water, in the city of Monroe, Louisiana. ``(484) Pointe celeste, louisiana.--$50,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including pump stations, in Pointe Celeste, Louisiana. ``(485) Franklin, massachusetts.--$1,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, in the town of Franklin, Massachusetts. ``(486) Winthrop, massachusetts.--$1,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, in the town of Winthrop, Massachusetts. ``(487) Milan, michigan.--$3,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply and drinking water, in the city of Milan, Michigan. ``(488) Southeast michigan.--$58,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management and water supply, in Genesee, Macomb, Oakland, Wayne, and Washtenaw Counties, Michigan. ``(489) Elysian, minnesota.--$5,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply, in the city of Elysian, Minnesota. ``(490) Le sueur, minnesota.--$3,200,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply, in the city of Le Sueur, Minnesota. ``(491) Columbia, mississippi.--$4,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water quality enhancement and water supply, in the city of Columbia, Mississippi. ``(492) Hancock county, mississippi.--$7,000,000 for environmental infrastructure, including water and wastewater infrastructure (including stormwater management), drainage systems, and water quality enhancement, Hancock County, Mississippi. ``(493) Laurel, mississippi.--$5,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, in the city of Laurel, Mississippi. ``(494) Moss point, mississippi.--$11,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, in the city of Moss Point, Mississippi. ``(495) Olive branch, mississippi.--$10,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, water quality enhancement, and water supply, in the city of Olive Branch, Mississippi. ``(496) Picayune, mississippi.--$5,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, in the city of Picayune, Mississippi. ``(497) Starkville, mississippi.--$6,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including drinking water, water treatment, water quality enhancement, and water supply, in the city of Starkville, Mississippi. ``(498) Laughlin, nevada.--$29,000,000 for water infrastructure, including water supply, in the town of Laughlin, Nevada. ``(499) Pahrump, nevada.--$4,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in the town of Pahrump, Nevada. ``(500) New hampshire.--$25,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, and related environmental infrastructure, in the counties of Belknap, Carroll, Hillsborough, Merrimack, Rockingham, and Strafford, New Hampshire. ``(501) Belmar, new jersey.--$10,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including related environmental infrastructure and stormwater management in Belmar Township, New Jersey. ``(502) Cape may, new jersey.--$40,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply and desalination, for the city of Cape May, the boroughs of West Cape May and Cape May Point, and Lower Township, New Jersey. ``(503) Colesville, new jersey.--$10,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in Colesville, New Jersey. ``(504) Deptford township, new jersey.--$4,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in Deptford Township, New Jersey. ``(505) Lacey township, new jersey.--$10,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including related environmental infrastructure and stormwater management, in Lacey Township, New Jersey. ``(506) Merchantville, new jersey.--$18,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in the borough of Merchantville, New Jersey. ``(507) Park ridge, new jersey.--$10,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in the borough of Park Ridge, New Jersey. ``(508) Washington township, new jersey.--$3,200,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in Washington Township, Gloucester County, New Jersey. ``(509) Bernalillo, new mexico.--$20,000,000 for wastewater infrastructure in the town of Bernalillo, New Mexico. ``(510) Bosque farms, new mexico.--$10,000,000 for wastewater infrastructure in the village of Bosque Farms, New Mexico. ``(511) Carmel, new york.--$3,450,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, in the town of Carmel, New York. ``(512) Dutchess county, new york.--$10,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in Dutchess County, New York. ``(513) Kings county, new york.--$100,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management (including combined sewer overflows), in Kings County, New York. ``(514) Mohawk river and tributaries, new york.-- $100,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, surface water resource protection, environmental restoration, and related infrastructure, in the vicinity of the Mohawk River and tributaries, including the counties of Albany, Delaware, Fulton, Greene, Hamilton, Herkimer, Lewis, Madison, Montgomery, Oneida, Otsego, Saratoga, Schoharie, and Schenectady, New York. ``(515) Mount pleasant, new york.--$2,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, in the town of Mount Pleasant, New York. ``(516) Newtown creek, new york.--$25,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management (including combined sewer overflows), in the vicinity of Newtown Creek, New York City, New York. ``(517) New york county, new york.--$60,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management (including combined sewer overflows), in New York County, New York. ``(518) Orange county, new york.--$10,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in Orange County, New York. ``(519) Sleepy hollow, new york.--$2,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, in the village of Sleepy Hollow, New York. ``(520) Ulster county, new york.--$10,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in Ulster County, New York. ``(521) Ramapo, new york.--$4,000,000 for water infrastructure, including related environmental infrastructure, in the town of Ramapo, New York. ``(522) Rikers island, new york.--$25,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management (including combined sewer overflows) on Rikers Island, New York. ``(523) Yorktown, new york.--$10,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in the town of Yorktown, New York. ``(524) Canton, north carolina.--$41,025,650 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, in the town of Canton, North Carolina. ``(525) Fairmont, north carolina.--$7,137,500 for water and wastewater infrastructure, in the town of Fairmont, North Carolina. ``(526) Murphy, north carolina.--$1,500,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply, in the town of Murphy, North Carolina. ``(527) Robbinsville, north carolina.--$3,474,350 for water and wastewater infrastructure in the town of Robbinsville, North Carolina. ``(528) Weaverville, north carolina.--$4,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in the town of Weaverville, North Carolina. ``(529) Apple creek, ohio.--$350,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, in the village of Apple Creek, Ohio. ``(530) Brooklyn heights, ohio.--$170,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, in the village of Brooklyn Heights, Ohio. ``(531) Chagrin falls regional water system, ohio.-- $3,500,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in the villages of Bentleyville, Chagrin Falls, Moreland Hills, and South Russell, and the Townships of Bainbridge, Chagrin Falls, and Russell, Ohio. ``(532) Cuyahoga county, ohio.--$11,500,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in Cuyahoga County, Ohio. ``(533) Erie county, ohio.--$16,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management (including combined sewer overflows) in Erie County, Ohio. ``(534) Huron, ohio.--$7,100,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in the city of Huron, Ohio. ``(535) Kelleys island, ohio.--$1,000,000 for wastewater infrastructure in the village of Kelleys Island, Ohio. ``(536) North olmsted, ohio.--$1,175,165 for water and wastewater infrastructure in the city of North Olmsted, Ohio. ``(537) Painesville, ohio.--$11,800,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, in the City of Painesville, Ohio. ``(538) Solon, ohio.--$14,137,341 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management (including combined sewer overflows), in the city of Solon, Ohio. ``(539) Summit county, ohio.--$25,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including related environmental infrastructure, in Summit County, Ohio. ``(540) Stark county, ohio.--$24,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including related environmental infrastructure, in Stark County, Ohio. ``(541) Toledo and oregon, ohio.--$10,500,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in the cities of Toledo and Oregon, Ohio. ``(542) Vermilion, ohio.--$15,400,000 for wastewater infrastructure in the city of Vermilion, Ohio. ``(543) Westlake, ohio.--$750,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, in the city of Westlake, Ohio. ``(544) Stillwater, oklahoma.--$30,000,000 for water infrastructure, including related environmental infrastructure and water storage, transmission, treatment, and distribution, in the city of Stillwater, Oklahoma. ``(545) Beaverton, oregon.--$10,000,000 for water supply in the city of Beaverton, Oregon. ``(546) Clackamas county, oregon.--$50,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including combined sewer overflows, in Clackamas County, Oregon. ``(547) Washington county, oregon.--$50,000,000 for water infrastructure and water supply in Washington County, Oregon. ``(548) Berks county, pennsylvania.--$7,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply, stormwater management, drinking water, and water treatment, in Berks County, Pennsylvania. ``(549) Chester county, pennsylvania.--$7,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply, stormwater management, drinking water, and water treatment, in Chester County, Pennsylvania. ``(550) Franklin township, pennsylvania.--$2,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management, in Franklin Township, Pennsylvania. ``(551) Indian creek, pennsylvania.--$50,000,000 for wastewater infrastructure in the boroughs of Telford, Franconia, and Lower Safford, Pennsylvania. ``(552) Pen argyl, pennsylvania.--$5,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in the borough of Pen Argyl, Pennsylvania. ``(553) Chesterfield, south carolina.--$1,200,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in the town of Chesterfield, South Carolina. ``(554) Cheraw, south carolina.--$8,800,000 for water, wastewater, and other environmental infrastructure in the town of Cheraw, South Carolina. ``(555) Florence county, south carolina.--$40,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in Florence County, South Carolina. ``(556) Lake city, south carolina.--$15,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management in the city of Lake City, South Carolina. ``(557) Tipton, haywood, and fayette counties, tennessee.-- $50,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including related environmental infrastructure and water supply, in Tipton, Haywood, and Fayette Counties, Tennessee. ``(558) Austin, texas.--$50,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in the city of Austin, Texas. ``(559) Amarillo, texas.--$38,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management and water storage and treatment systems, in the City of Amarillo, Texas. ``(560) Brownsville, texas.--$40,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, in the City of Brownsville, Texas. ``(561) Clarendon, texas.--$5,000,000 for water infrastructure, including water storage, in the city of Clarendon, Texas. ``(562) Quinlan, texas.--$1,250,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure in the city of Quinlan, Texas. ``(563) Runaway bay, texas.--$7,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management and water storage and treatment systems, in the city of Runaway Bay, Texas. ``(564) Webb county, texas.--$20,000,000 for wastewater infrastructure and water supply in Webb County, Texas. ``(565) Zapata county, texas.--$20,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply, in Zapata County, Texas. ``(566) King william county, virginia.--$1,300,000 for wastewater infrastructure in King William County, Virginia. ``(567) Potomac river, virginia.--$1,000,000 for wastewater infrastructure, environmental infrastructure, and water quality improvements, in the vicinity of the Potomac River, Virginia. ``(568) Chelan, washington.--$9,000,000 for water infrastructure, including water supply, storage, and distribution, in the city of Chelan, Washington. ``(569) College place, washington.--$5,000,000 for water infrastructure, including water supply and storage, in the city of College Place, Washington. ``(570) Ferndale, washington.--$4,000,000 for water, wastewater, and environmental infrastructure, in the city of Ferndale, Washington. ``(571) Lynden, washington.--$4,000,000 for water, wastewater, and environmental infrastructure, in the city of Lynden, Washington. ``(572) Othello, washington.--$14,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply and aquifer storage and recovery, in the city of Othello, Washington.''. (b) Project Modifications.-- (1) Consistency with reports.--Congress finds that the project modifications described in this subsection are in accordance with the reports submitted to Congress by the Secretary under section 7001 of the Water Resources Reform and Development Act (33 U.S.C. 2282d), titled ``Report to Congress on Future Water Resources Development'', or have otherwise been reviewed by Congress. (2) Modifications.-- (A) Alameda and contra costa counties, california.--Section 219(f)(80) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 121 Stat. 1258) is amended by striking ``$25,000,000'' and inserting ``$45,000,000''. (B) Calaveras county, california.--Section 219(f)(86) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 121 Stat. 1259; 136 Stat. 3816) is amended by striking ``$13,280,000'' and inserting ``$16,300,000''. (C) Contra costa county, california.--Section 219(f)(87) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 121 Stat. 1259) is amended-- (i) in the paragraph heading, by striking ``water district'' and inserting ``county''; (ii) by inserting ``$80,000,000, of which not less than'' before ``$23,000,000''; (iii) by inserting ``shall be'' after ``$23,000,000''; and (iv) by inserting ``service area, and of which not less than $57,000,000 shall be for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater management and water supply, within the service areas for the Delta Diablo Sanitation District and the Ironhouse Sanitary District, Contra Costa County'' after ``Water District''. (D) Los angeles county, california.--Section 219(f)(93) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 121 Stat. 1259; 136 Stat. 3816) is amended-- (i) by striking ``$103,000,000'' and inserting ``$128,000,000''; and (ii) by striking ``Santa Clarity Valley'' and inserting ``Santa Clarita Valley''. (E) Los angeles county, california environmental assistance program.--Section 8319(e)(1) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat. 3785) is amended by striking ``$50,000,000'' and inserting ``$100,000,000''. (F) Los osos, california.-- (i) Project description.--Section 219(c)(27) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 114 Stat. 2763A- 219; 121 Stat. 1209) is amended by striking ``Wastewater'' and inserting ``Water and wastewater''. (ii) Authorization of appropriations for construction assistance.--Section 219(e)(15) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 110 Stat. 3757; 121 Stat. 1192) is amended by striking ``$35,000,000'' and inserting ``$43,000,000''. (G) San bernardino county, california.--Section 219(f)(101) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 121 Stat. 1260) is modified by striking ``$9,000,000'' and inserting ``$24,000,000''. (H) South perris, california.--Section 219(f)(52) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 336; 114 Stat. 2763A-220; 134 Stat. 2718) is amended by striking ``$50,000,000'' and inserting ``$100,000,000''. (I) Palm beach county, florida.--Section 219(f)(129) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 121 Stat. 1261) is amended by striking ``$7,500,000'' and inserting ``$57,500,000''. (J) Atlanta, georgia.--Section 219(e)(5) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 110 Stat. 3757; 113 Stat. 334) is amended by striking ``$75,000,000'' and inserting ``$100,000,000''. (K) East point, georgia.--Section 219(f)(136) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 121 Stat. 1261; 136 Stat. 3817) is amended by striking ``$15,000,000'' and inserting ``$20,000,000''. (L) Guam.--Section 219(f)(323) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (136 Stat. 3811) is amended by striking ``$10,000,000'' and inserting ``$35,000,000''. (M) Maui, hawaii.--Section 219(f)(328) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 136 Stat. 3811) is modified by striking ``$20,000,000'' and inserting ``$50,000,000''. (N) Cook county and lake county, illinois.--Section 219(f)(54) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 336; 114 Stat. 2763A- 221) is amended by striking ``$100,000,000'' and inserting ``$149,000,000''. (O) Forest park, illinois.--Section 219(f)(330) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 136 Stat. 3811) is amended by striking ``$10,000,000'' and inserting ``$50,000,000''. (P) Madison and st. clair counties, illinois.-- Section 219(f)(55) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 114 Stat. 2763A-221; 134 Stat. 2718; 136 Stat. 3817) is amended-- (i) by inserting ``(including stormwater)'' after ``wastewater''; and (ii) by striking ``$100,000,000'' and inserting ``$150,000,000''. (Q) South central illinois.--Section 219(f)(333) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 136 Stat. 3812) is amended-- (i) in the paragraph heading, by striking ``Montgomery and christian counties, illinois'' and inserting ``South central illinois''; and (ii) by striking ``Montgomery County and Christian County'' and inserting ``Montgomery County, Christian County, Fayette County, Shelby County, Jasper County, Richland County, Crawford County, and Lawrence County''. (R) Will county, illinois.--Section 219(f)(334) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 136 Stat. 3808) is amended by striking ``$30,000,000'' and inserting ``$36,000,000''. (S) Baton rouge, louisiana.--Section 219(f)(21) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 336; 114 Stat. 2763A-220; 121 Stat. 1226; 136 Stat. 3817) is amended by striking ``$90,000,000'' and inserting ``$100,000,000''. (T) East atchafalaya basin and amite river basin region, louisiana.--Section 5082(i) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (121 Stat. 1226) is amended by striking ``$40,000,000'' and inserting ``$45,000,000''. (U) Lafourche parish, louisiana.--Section 219(f)(146) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 121 Stat. 1262) is amended by striking ``$2,300,000'' and inserting ``$7,300,000''. (V) South central planning and development commission, louisiana.--Section 219(f)(153) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 336; 121 Stat. 1262; 136 Stat. 3817) is amended by striking ``$12,500,000'' and inserting ``$17,500,000''. (W) Southeast louisiana region, louisiana.--Section 5085(i) of the Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (121 Stat. 1228) is amended by striking ``$17,000,000'' and inserting ``$22,000,000''. (X) Fitchburg, massachusetts.--Section 219(f)(336) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 136 Stat. 3812) is amended by striking ``$20,000,000'' and inserting ``$30,000,000''. (Y) Haverhill, massachusetts.--Section 219(f)(337) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 136 Stat. 3812) is amended by striking ``$20,000,000'' and inserting ``$30,000,000''. (Z) Lawrence, massachusetts.--Section 219(f)(338) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 136 Stat. 3812) is amended by striking ``$20,000,000'' and inserting ``$30,000,000''. (AA) Lowell, massachusetts.--Section 219(f)(339) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 136 Stat. 3812) is amended by striking ``$20,000,000'' and inserting ``$30,000,000''. (BB) Methuen, massachusetts.--Section 219(f)(340) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 136 Stat. 3812) is amended by striking ``$20,000,000'' and inserting ``$30,000,000''. (CC) Macomb county, michigan.--Section 219(f)(345) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 136 Stat. 3812) is amended by striking ``$40,000,000'' and inserting ``$90,000,000''. (DD) Michigan.--Section 219(f)(157) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4825; 113 Stat. 336; 121 Stat. 1262; 136 Stat. 3818) is amended-- (i) in the paragraph heading, by striking ``Michigan combined sewer overflows'' and inserting ``Michigan''; and (ii) in subparagraph (A) by striking ``$85,000,000'' and inserting ``$160,000,000''. (EE) Biloxi, mississippi.--Section 219(f)(163) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat, 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 121 Stat. 1263) is amended by striking ``$5,000,000'' and inserting ``$10,000,000''. (FF) Desoto county, mississippi.--Section 219(f)(30) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 336; 114 Stat. 2763A- 220; 119 Stat. 282; 119 Stat. 2257; 122 Stat. 1623; 134 Stat. 2718) is amended by striking ``$130,000,000'' and inserting ``$170,000,000''. (GG) Madison county, mississippi.--Section 219(f)(351) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat, 4835; 113 Stat. 336; 136 Stat. 3813) is amended by striking ``$10,000,000'' and inserting ``$22,000,000''. (HH) Meridian, mississippi.--Section 219(f)(352) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat, 4835; 113 Stat. 336; 136 Stat. 3813) is amended by striking ``$10,000,000'' and inserting ``$26,000,000''. (II) Rankin county, mississippi.--Section 219(f)(354) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat, 4835; 113 Stat. 336; 136 Stat. 3813) is amended by striking ``$10,000,000'' and inserting ``$22,000,000''. (JJ) St. louis, missouri.--Section 219(f)(32) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 337; 121 Stat. 1233; 134 Stat. 2718) is amended by striking ``$70,000,000'' and inserting ``$100,000,000''. (KK) Camden, new jersey.--Section 219(f)(357) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 336; 136 Stat. 3813) is amended by striking ``$119,000,000'' and inserting ``$143,800,000''. (LL) Central new mexico.--Section 593(h) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (113 Stat. 380; 119 Stat. 2255; 136 Stat. 3820) is amended by striking ``$100,000,000'' and inserting ``$150,000,000''. (MM) Kiryas joel, new york.--Section 219(f)(184) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 121 Stat. 1264) is amended by striking ``$5,000,000'' and inserting ``$25,000,000''. (NN) Queens, new york.--Section 219(f)(377) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 136 Stat. 3814) is amended by striking ``$119,200,000'' and inserting ``$190,000,000''. (OO) New york city watershed.--Section 552(a) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1996 (110 Stat. 3780; 136 Stat. 3821) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``(3) Considerations.--In carrying out this section, the Secretary may consider natural and nature-based infrastructure.''. (PP) North carolina.--Section 5113 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (121 Stat. 1237) is amended in subsection (f) by striking ``$13,000,000'' and inserting ``$50,000,000''. (QQ) Cleveland, ohio.--Section 219(f)(207) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 121 Stat. 1265) is amended by striking ``$2,500,000 for Flats East Bank'' and inserting ``$25,500,000''. (RR) Cincinnati, ohio.--Section 219(f)(206) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 121 Stat. 1265) is amended by striking ``$1,000,000'' and inserting ``$31,000,000''. (SS) Ohio.--Section 594 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (113 Stat. 381; 119 Stat. 2261; 121 Stat. 1140; 121 Stat. 1944; 136 Stat. 3821) is amended in subsection (h) by striking ``$250,000,000'' and inserting ``$300,000,000''. (TT) Midwest city, oklahoma.--Section 219(f)(231) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 121 Stat. 1266; 134 Stat 2719) is amended by striking ``$5,000,000'' and inserting ``$15,000,000''. (UU) Woodward, oklahoma.--Section 219(f)(236) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 121 Stat. 1266) is amended by striking ``$1,500,000'' and inserting ``$3,000,000''. (VV) Southwestern oregon.--Section 8359 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2022 (136 Stat. 3802) is amended-- (i) in subsection (e)(1), by striking ``$50,000,000'' and inserting ``$100,000,000'' ; and (ii) in subsection (f), by inserting ``Lincoln,'' after ``Lane,''. (WW) Hatfield borough, pennsylvania.--Section 219(f)(239) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 121 Stat. 1266) is amended by striking ``$310,000'' and inserting ``$3,000,000''. (XX) Northeast pennsylvania.--Section 219(f)(11) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334) is amended by striking ``$20,000,000 for water related infrastructure'' and inserting ``$70,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including water supply''. (YY) Phoenixville borough, chester county, pennsylvania.--Section 219(f)(68) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 114 Stat. 2763A-221) is amended by striking ``$2,400,000 for water and sewer infrastructure'' and inserting ``$10,000,000 for water and wastewater infrastructure, including stormwater infrastructure and water supply''. (ZZ) Lakes marion and moultrie, south carolina.-- Section 219(f)(25) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 336; 114 Stat. 2763A-220; 117 Stat. 1838; 130 Stat. 1677; 132 Stat. 3818; 134 Stat. 2719; 136 Stat. 3818) is amended by striking ``$165,000,000'' and inserting ``$235,000,000''. (AAA) Mount pleasant, south carolina.--Section 219(f)(393) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 136 Stat. 3815) is amended by striking ``$7,822,000'' and inserting ``$20,000,000''. (BBB) Smith county, tennessee.--Section 219(f)(395) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 136 Stat. 3815) is amended by striking ``$19,500,000'' and inserting ``$69,500,000''. (CCC) Dallas county region, texas.--Section 5140 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (121 Stat. 1251) is amended in subsection (i) by striking ``$40,000,000'' and inserting ``$100,000,000''. (DDD) Texas.--Section 5138 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (121 Stat. 1250; 136 Stat. 3821) is amended in subsection (i) by striking ``$80,000,000'' and inserting ``$200,000,000''. (EEE) Western rural water.--Section 595 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1999 (113 Stat. 383; 117 Stat. 139; 117 Stat. 142; 117 Stat. 1836; 118 Stat. 440; 121 Stat. 1219; 123 Stat. 2851; 128 Stat. 1316; 130 Stat. 1681; 134 Stat. 2719; 136 Stat. 3822) is amended-- (i) in subsection (c)(1)-- (I) by inserting by inserting ``, including natural and nature-based infrastructure'' after ``water-related environmental infrastructure''; (II) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'' at the end; and (III) by adding at the end the following: ``(E) drought resilience measures; and''; and (ii) in subsection (i)-- (I) in paragraph (1), by striking ``$800,000,000'' and inserting ``$850,000,000''; and (II) in paragraph (2), by striking ``$200,000,000'' and inserting ``$250,000,000''. (FFF) Milwaukee, wisconsin.--Section 219(f)(405) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1992 (106 Stat. 4835; 113 Stat. 334; 136 Stat. 3816) is amended by striking ``$4,500,000'' and inserting ``$11,000,000''. (3) Effect on authorization.--Notwithstanding the operation of section 6001(e) of the Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014 (as in effect on the day before the date of enactment of the Water Resources Development Act of 2016), any project included on a list published by the Secretary pursuant to such section the authorization for which is amended by this subsection remains authorized to be carried out by the Secretary. SEC. 341. SPECIFIC DEAUTHORIZATIONS. (a) Deauthorization of Designated Portions of the Los Angeles County Drainage Area, California.-- (1) In general.--The portion of the project for flood risk management, Los Angeles County Drainage Area, California, authorized by section 5 of the Act of June 22, 1936 (chapter 688, 49 Stat. 1589; 50 Stat. 167; 52 Stat. 1215; 55 Stat. 647; 64 Stat. 177; 104 Stat. 4611; 136 Stat. 3785), consisting of the flood channels described in paragraph (2), are no longer authorized beginning on the date that is 18 months after the date of enactment of this Act. (2) Flood channels described.--The flood channels referred to in paragraph (1) are the following flood channels operated and maintained by the Los Angeles County Flood Control District, as generally defined in Corps of Engineers operations and maintenance manuals and as may be further described in an agreement entered into under paragraph (3): (A) Arcadia Wash Channel (Auburn Branch Channel). (B) Arcadia Wash Channel (Baldwin Ave. Branch Channel). (C) Arcadia Wash Channel (East Branch Channel). (D) Arcadia Wash Channel (Lima St. Branch Channel). (E) Bel Aire Dr./Sunset Canyon Channel. (F) Big Dalton Wash Channel. (G) Big Dalton Wash Channel (East Branch Inlet Channel). (H) Blanchard Canyon Channel. (I) Blue Gum Canyon Channel. (J) Brand Canyon Channel. (K) Childs Canyon Channel. (L) Dead Horse Canyon Channel. (M) Dunsmuir Canyon Channel. (N) Eagle Canyon Channel. (O) Elmwood Canyon Channel. (P) Emerald Wash Channel. (Q) Emerald Wash Channel (West Branch). (R) Hay Canyon Channel. (S) Higgins and Coldwater Canyon. (T) Hillcrest Canyon Channel. (U) La Tuna Canyon Channel. (V) Little Dalton Diversion Channel. (W) Little Dalton Wash Channel. (X) Live Oak Wash Channel. (Y) Mansfield St. Channel. (Z) Marshall Creek Channel. (AA) Marshall Creek Channel (West Branch). (BB) Rexford-Monte Mar Branch. (CC) Royal Boulevard Channel. (DD) Rubio Canyon Diversion Channel. (EE) San Dimas Wash Channel. (FF) Sawtelle Channel. (GG) Shields Canyon Channel. (HH) Sierra Madre Villa Channel. (II) Sierra Madre Wash. (JJ) Sierra Madre Wash Inlet. (KK) Snover Canyon Channel. (LL) Stough Canyon Channel. (MM) Thompson Creek Channel. (NN) Walnut Creek Channel. (OO) Webber Canyon Channel. (PP) Westwood Branch Channel. (QQ) Wilson Canyon Channel. (RR) Winery Canyon Channel. (3) Agreement.--Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall seek to enter into an agreement with the Los Angeles County Flood Control District to ensure that the Los Angeles County Flood Control District-- (A) will continue to operate, maintain, repair, rehabilitate, and replace as necessary, the flood channels described in paragraph (2)-- (i) in perpetuity at no cost to the United States; and (ii) in a manner that does not reduce the level of flood protection of the project described in paragraph (1); (B) will retain public ownership of all real property required for the continued functioning of the flood channels described in paragraph (2), consistent with authorized purposes of the project described in paragraph (1); (C) will allow the Corps of Engineers to continue to operate, maintain, repair, rehabilitate, and replace any appurtenant structures, such as rain and stream gages, existing as of the date of enactment of this Act and located within the flood channels subject to deauthorization under paragraph (1) as necessary to ensure the continued functioning of the project described in paragraph (1); and (D) will hold and save the United States harmless from damages due to floods, breach, failure, operation, or maintenance of the flood channels described in paragraph (2). (4) Administrative costs.--The Secretary may accept and expend funds voluntarily contributed by the Los Angeles County Flood Control District to cover the administrative costs incurred by the Secretary to-- (A) enter into an agreement under paragraph (3); and (B) monitor compliance with such agreement. (b) Thames River, Connecticut.-- (1) In general.--Beginning on the date of enactment of this Act, the 25-foot-deep channel portion of the project for navigation, Thames River, Connecticut, authorized by the first section of the Act of July 3, 1930 (chapter 847, 46 Stat. 918), consisting of the area described in paragraph (2), is no longer authorized. (2) Area described.--The area referred to in paragraph (1) is the area-- (A) beginning at a point N706550.83, E1179497.53; (B) running southeasterly about 808.28 feet to a point N705766.32, E1179692.10; (C) running southeasterly about 2219.17 feet to a point N703725.88, E1180564.64; (D) running southeasterly about 1594.84 feet to a point N702349.59, E1181370.46; (E) running southwesterly about 483.01 feet to a point N701866.63, E1181363.54; (F) running northwesterly about 2023.85 feet to a point N703613.13, E1180340.96; (G) running northwesterly about 2001.46 feet to a point N705453.40, E1179554.02; and (H) running northwesterly about 1098.89 feet to the point described in paragraph (1). (c) Saint Petersburg Harbor, Florida.-- (1) In general.--Beginning on the date of enactment of this Act, the portion of the project for navigation, Saint Petersburg Harbor, Florida, authorized by section 101 the River and Harbor Act of 1950 (64 Stat. 165), consisting of the area described in paragraph (2) is no longer authorized. (2) Area described.--The area referred to in paragraph (1) is the portion of the Federal channel located within Bayboro Harbor, at approximately -82.635353 W and 27.760977 N, south of the Range 300 line and west of the Station 71+00 line. (d) North Branch, Chicago River, Illinois.-- (1) In general.--Beginning on the date of enactment of this Act, the portion of the project for navigation North Branch channel, Chicago River, Illinois, authorized by section 22 of the Act of March 3, 1899 (chapter 425, 30 Stat. 1156), consisting of the area described in paragraph (2) is no longer authorized. (2) Area described.--The area referred to in paragraph (1) is the approximately one-mile long segment of the North Branch Channel on the east side of Goose Island, Chicago River, Illinois. (e) Papillion Creek Watershed, Nebraska.--Beginning on the date of enactment of this Act, the project for flood protection and other purposes in the Papillion Creek Basin, Nebraska, authorized by section 203 of the Flood Control Act of 1968 (82 Stat. 743) is modified to deauthorize the portions of the project known as Dam Site 7 and Dam Site 12. (f) Truckee River, Nevada.--Beginning on the date of enactment of this Act, the project for flood risk management, Truckee Meadows, Nevada, authorized by section 7002(2) of the Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014 (128 Stat. 1366), is no longer authorized. (g) Newtown Creek Federal Navigation Channel, New York.-- (1) Definition of newtown creek navigation project.--In this subsection, the term ``Newtown Creek navigation project'' means the project for the Newtown Creek Federal navigation channel, New York, described in The Rivers and Harbors Act of 1919, Ch. 832, 40 Stat. 1275, 1276 (1919), The Rivers and Harbors Improvement Act of 1930, Ch. 847, 46 Stat. 918, 920 (1930), and The Rivers and Harbors Improvement Act of 1937, Ch. 832, 50 Stat. 844, 845 (1937). (2) The Newtown Creek navigation project is modified to reduce, in part, the authorized dimensions of the project, such that the remaining authorized depths are as follows: (A) A 18-foot deep channel with a center line beginning at point North 40.727729 and West 73.929142, thence to a point North 40.722214 and West 73.925874. [Reach EA] (B) A 18-foot deep Turning Basin South-West of a line formed by points North 40.726202 and West 73.927289; and North 40.723508 and West 73.924713. [Reaches E1A and GA] (C) A 16-foot-deep channel with a center line beginning at a point North 40.722214 and West 73.925874, thence to a point North 40.718664 and West 73.924176. [Reaches EB and H] (D) A 16-foot-deep channel with a center line beginning at a point North 40.718664 and West 73.924176, thence to a point North 40.717539 and West 73.927438. [Reach JA] (E) A 14-foot-deep channel with a center line beginning at a point North 40.717539 and West 73.927438, thence to a point North 40.716611 and West 73.929278. [Reach JB] (F) A 12-foot-deep channel with a center line beginning at a point North 40.716611 and West 73.929278, thence to a point North 40.713156 and West 73.931351. [Reaches JC and KA] (3) Deauthorizations.-- (A) In general.--The portions of the Newtown Creek navigation project described in subparagraphs (B) through (E) are deauthorized. (B) Portion described.--A portion referred to in Paragraph (1) is a portion of the channel adjacent the Turning Basin, specifically the area-- (i) East of a line formed by points North 40.726202 and West 73.927289; and North 40.723508 and West 73.924713; [Reaches E1B and GB] and (ii) Maspeth Creek. [Reach F] (C) Portion described.--A portion referred to in Paragraph (1) is a portion of the channel in East Branch, specifically the area-- (i) Beginning at a point North 40.718066 and West 73.923931; and (ii) Extending upstream. [Reach I] (D) Portion described.--A portion referred to in Paragraph (1) is a portion of the channel in English Kills, specifically the area-- (i) Beginning at a point North 40.713156 and West 73.931351; and (ii) Extending upstream. [Reach KB] (E) Portion described.--A portion referred to in Paragraph (1) as Dutch Kills, specifically the area-- (i) Beginning at a point North 40.737623 and West 73.94681; and (ii) Extending upstream. [Reach L/L1] (h) Monroe Bay and Creek Federal Channel, Virginia.-- (1) In general.--Beginning on the date of enactment of this Act, the portion of the project for navigation, Monroe Bay and Creek, Virginia, authorized by the first section of the Act of July 3, 1930 (chapter 847, 46 Stat. 922), consisting of the area described in paragraph (2) is no longer authorized. (2) Area described.--The area referred to in paragraph (1) is the roughly 300 feet of the length of the Federal turning and anchorage basin in the vicinity of the property located at 829 Robin Grove Ln., Colonial Beach, Virginia, 22443. (i) Seattle Harbor, Washington.-- (1) In general.--Beginning on the date of enactment of this Act, the project for navigation, Seattle Harbor, Washington, authorized by the first section of the Act of August 30, 1935 (chapter 831, 49 Stat. 1039), is modified to deauthorize the portion of the project within the East Waterway consisting of the area described in paragraph (2). (2) Area described.--The area referred to in paragraph (1) is the area-- (A) beginning at the southwest corner of Block 386, Plat of Seattle Tidelands (said corner also being a point on the United States pierhead line); (B) thence north 9000'00'' west along the projection of the south line of Block 386, 206.58 feet to the centerline of the East Waterway; (C) thence north 1430'00'' east along the centerline and parallel with the northwesterly line of Block 386, 64.83 feet; (D) thence north 3332'59'' east, 235.85 feet; (E) thence north 3955'22'' east, 128.70 feet; (F) thence north 1430'00'' east parallel with the northwesterly line of Block 386, 280.45 feet; (G) thence north 9000'00'' east, 70.00 feet to the pierhead line and the northwesterly line of Block 386; and (H) thence south 1430'00'' west, 650.25 feet along said pierhead line and northwesterly line of Block 386 to the point of beginning. (j) Study on Additional Deauthorizations.--Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this subsection, the Secretary shall submit a report to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate on the impacts of deauthorization of the following projects: (1) The portion of the project for flood protection on the Lower San Joaquin River and tributaries, California, authorized by section 10 of the Act of December 22, 1944 (chapter 665, 58 Stat. 901) consisting of the right bank of the San Joaquin River between levee miles 0.00 on the left bank of the Tuolumne River and levee mile 3.76 on the San Joaquin River, California; and (2) The Freeport and Vicinity Coastal Storm Risk Management separable element of the project for coastal storm risk management and ecosystem restoration, Sabine Pass to Galveston Bay, authorized by section 1401 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2018 (132 Stat. 3838). SEC. 342. CONGRESSIONAL NOTIFICATION OF DEFERRED PAYMENT AGREEMENT REQUEST. Section 103(k) of the Water Resources Development Act of 1986 (33 U.S.C. 2213(k)) is amended by adding at the end the following: ``(5) Congressional notification.-- ``(A) In general.--Upon receipt of a request for a renegotiation of terms by a non-Federal interest under paragraph (2), the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate a report 30 days after enactment and quarterly thereafter regarding the status of the request. ``(B) Sense of congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the Secretary should respond to any request for a renegotiation of terms submitted under paragraph (2) in a timely manner.''. TITLE IV--WATER RESOURCES INFRASTRUCTURE SEC. 401. PROJECT AUTHORIZATIONS. The following projects for water resources development and conservation and other purposes, as identified in the reports titled ``Report to Congress on Future Water Resources Development'' submitted to Congress pursuant to section 7001 of the Water Resources Reform and Development Act of 2014 (33 U.S.C. 2282d) or otherwise reviewed by Congress, are authorized to be carried out by the Secretary substantially in accordance with the plans, and subject to the conditions, described in the respective reports or decision documents designated in this section: (1) Navigation.-- ------------------------------------------------------------------------ C. Date of Report of A. State B. Name Chief of D. Estimated Costs Engineers ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. CA Oakland Harbor May 30, 2024 Federal: $408,164,600 Turning Basins Non-Federal: $200,780,400 Widening, Oakland Total: $608,945,000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. MD Baltimore Harbor June 22, 2023 Federal: $47,956,500 Anchorages and Non-Federal: $15,985,500 Channels Total: $63,942,000 Modification of Seagirt Loop Channel, City of Baltimore, Deep Draft Navigation ------------------------------------------------------------------------ (2) Hurricane and storm damage risk reduction.-- ------------------------------------------------------------------------ C. Date of Report of A. State B. Name Chief of D. Estimated Costs Engineers ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. DC, Metropolitan June 17, 2024 Federal: $9,899,000 VA Washington, Non-Federal: $5,330,500 District of Total: $15,230,000 Columbia, Coastal Storm Risk Management ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. FL St. Johns County, April 18, Initial Federal: Ponte Vedra Beach 2024 $24,591,000 Coastal Storm Initial Non-Federal: Risk Management $35,533,000 Total: $60,124,000 Renourishment Federal: $24,632,000 Renourishment Non-Federal: $53,564,000 Renourishment Total: $78,196,000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. NY South Shore Staten February 6, Federal: $1,730,973,900 Island, Fort 2024 Non-Federal: $363,228,100 Wadsworth to Total: $2,094,202,000 Oakwood Beach, Richmond County, Coastal Storm Risk Management ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. RI Rhode Island September 28, Federal: $188,353,750 Coastline, 2023 Non-Federal: $101,421,250 Coastal Storm Total: $289,775,000 Risk Management ------------------------------------------------------------------------ (3) Flood risk management and hurricane and storm damage risk reduction.-- ------------------------------------------------------------------------ C. Date of Report of A. State B. Name Chief of D. Estimated Costs Engineers ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. LA St. Tammany May 28, 2024 Federal: $3,653,346,450 Parish, Louisiana Non-Federal: $2,240,881,550 Coastal Storm and Total: $5,894,229,000 Flood Risk Management ------------------------------------------------------------------------ (4) Navigation and hurricane and storm damage risk reduction.-- ------------------------------------------------------------------------ C. Date of Report of A. State B. Name Chief of D. Estimated Costs Engineers ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. TX Gulf Intracoastal June 2, 2023 Total: $314,221,000 Waterway, Coastal Resilience Study, Brazoria and Matagorda Counties ------------------------------------------------------------------------ (5) Flood risk management and ecosystem restoration.-- ------------------------------------------------------------------------ C. Date of Report of A. State B. Name Chief of D. Estimated Costs Engineers ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. MS Memphis December 18, Federal: $44,295,000 Metropolitan 2023 Non-Federal: $23,851,000 Stormwater - Total: $68,146,000 North DeSoto County Feasibility Study, DeSoto County, Flood Risk Management and Ecosystem Restoration ------------------------------------------------------------------------ (6) Modifications and other projects.-- ------------------------------------------------------------------------ C. Date of A. State B. Name Decision D. Estimated Costs Document ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. AZ Tres Rios, Arizona May 28, 2024 Federal: $215,840,300 Ecosystem Non-Federal: $116,221,700 Restoration Total: $332,062,000 Project ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. KS Manhattan, Kansas May 6, 2024 Federal: $29,454,750 Federal Levee Non-Federal: $15,860,250 System Total: $45,315,000 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. MO University City February 9, Federal: $9,094,000 Branch, River Des 2024 Non-Federal: $4,897,000 Peres, University Total: $13,990,000 City, St. Louis County, Flood Risk Management ------------------------------------------------------------------------ SEC. 402. FACILITY INVESTMENT. (a) In General.--Subject to subsection (b), using amounts available in the revolving fund established by the first section of the Civil Functions Appropriations Act, 1954 (33 U.S.C. 576) that are not otherwise obligated, the Secretary may-- (1) design and construct the new building for operations and maintenance in Galveston, Texas, described in the prospectus submitted to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate on May 22, 2024, pursuant to subsection (c) of such Act (33 U.S.C. 576(c)), substantially in accordance with such prospectus; (2) design and construct the new warehouse facility at the Longview Lake Project near Lee's Summit, Missouri, described in the prospectus submitted to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate on May 22, 2024, pursuant to subsection (c) of such Act (33 U.S.C. 576(c)), substantially in accordance with such prospectus; (3) design and construct the joint facility for the resident office for the Corpus Christi Resident Office (Construction) and the Corpus Christi Regulatory Field Office on existing federally owned property at the Naval Air Station, in Corpus Christi, Texas, described in the prospectus submitted to the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate on June 6, 2023, pursuant to subsection (c) of such Act (33 U.S.C. 576(c)), substantially in accordance with such prospectus; and (4) carry out such construction and infrastructure improvements as are required to support such building and facilities, including any necessary demolition of the existing infrastructure. (b) Requirement.--In carrying out subsection (a), the Secretary shall ensure that the revolving fund established by the first section of the Civil Functions Appropriations Act, 1954 (33 U.S.C. 576) is appropriately reimbursed from funds appropriated for Corps of Engineers programs that benefit from the building and facilities constructed under this section. Union Calendar No. 487 118th CONGRESS 2d Session H. R. 8812 [Report No. 118-587] _______________________________________________________________________ A BILL To provide for improvements to the rivers and harbors of the United States, to provide for the conservation and development of water and related resources, and for other purposes. _______________________________________________________________________ July 18, 2024 Reported with an amendment, committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union, and ordered to be printed

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:11.946182

BILLS

BILLS-118s4610is

To amend title 36, United States Code, to designate the bald eagle as the national bird.

United States Congress Senate

[Congressional Bills 118th Congress] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] [S. 4610 Introduced in Senate (IS)] <DOC> 118th CONGRESS 2d Session S. 4610 To amend title 36, United States Code, to designate the bald eagle as the national bird. _______________________________________________________________________ IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES June 20, 2024 Ms. Klobuchar (for herself, Ms. Lummis, Mr. Mullin, and Ms. Smith) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary _______________________________________________________________________ A BILL To amend title 36, United States Code, to designate the bald eagle as the national bird. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. DESIGNATION OF BALD EAGLE AS NATIONAL BIRD. (a) Findings.--Congress finds that-- (1) bald eagles are a historical symbol of the United States representing independence, strength, and freedom; (2) the bald eagle is unique to North America; (3) on June 20, 1782, the bald eagle was adopted as the Coat of Arms for the United States Great Seal; (4) the bald eagle image remains the leading insignia for all branches of the United States military; (5) the bald eagle is the leading image on thousands of Federal Government branches, departments, and agencies, including the President, Vice-President, Congress, and Senate; (6) the bald eagle serves as the logo, trademark, and brand icon for businesses, nonprofit organizations, and sports teams across the United States; (7) bald eagles are integral to the spiritual lives and sacred belief systems of most Indigenous peoples and Tribal communities; (8) bald eagles are prevalent in belief, practice, stories, ceremonies, dance, traditions, songs, regalia, flags, insignias, arts, craft, and other forms of spiritual reverence; (9) bald eagle festivals are-- (A) held in over 100 locations across the United States; and (B) key components of community engagement; (10) the bald eagle is prevalent on-- (A) hundreds of United States stamps; and (B) many United States coins and currencies; (11) the bald eagle is a primary component and symbol on Federal and State flags throughout the United States; and (12) joint efforts of the Federal Government and State and local governments, nonprofit organizations, and individuals have contributed to the successful recovery of the bald eagle. (b) Designation.--Chapter 3 of title 36, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following: ``Sec. 306. National bird ``The bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) is the national bird.''. (c) Conforming Amendments.--The table of sections for chapter 3 of title 36, United States Code, is amended-- (1) in the chapter heading, by striking ``AND TREE'' and inserting ``TREE, AND BIRD''; and (2) by adding at the end the following: ``306. National bird.''. (d) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section, the amendments made by this section, or the adoption of the bald eagle as the national bird of the United States may be construed or used as a reason to alter, change, modify, or otherwise affect any plan, policy, management decision, regulation, or other action of the Federal Government. <all>

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:56.150663

BILLS

BILLS-118s4823is

Small Businesses before Bureaucrats Act

United States Congress Senate

[Congressional Bills 118th Congress] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] [S. 4823 Introduced in Senate (IS)] <DOC> 118th CONGRESS 2d Session S. 4823 To amend the National Labor Relations Act to adjust the dollar thresholds for National Labor Relations Board jurisdiction over certain labor disputes, and for other purposes. _______________________________________________________________________ IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES July 29, 2024 Mr. Mullin (for himself, Mrs. Britt, Mr. Lankford, and Mrs. Blackburn) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions _______________________________________________________________________ A BILL To amend the National Labor Relations Act to adjust the dollar thresholds for National Labor Relations Board jurisdiction over certain labor disputes, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the ``Small Businesses before Bureaucrats Act''. SEC. 2. INCREASE OF DOLLAR THRESHOLD FOR NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD JURISDICTION OVER CERTAIN LABOR DISPUTES. (a) In General.--Section 14(c) of the National Labor Relations Act (29 U.S.C. 164(c)) is amended-- (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``That the'' and inserting ``That, except as provided in paragraph (2), the''; (2) by redesignating paragraph (2) as paragraph (3); and (3) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following: ``(2) In establishing by rule under paragraph (1) any dollar threshold with respect to a class or category of employers for the purposes of declining to assert jurisdiction over certain labor disputes involving such class or category of employers, the Board shall establish such dollar threshold at an amount-- ``(A) for calendar year 2024, equal to the product of-- ``(i) the dollar threshold applicable to such class or category as of the day prior to the date of enactment of this paragraph, multiplied by ``(ii) ten; and ``(B) for any calendar year after 2024, equal to the product of-- ``(i) the dollar threshold applicable to such class or category for calendar year 2024 (after the date of enactment of this paragraph), multiplied by ``(ii) the quotient obtained by dividing-- ``(I) the Personal Consumption Expenditure Per Capita Index (as published by the Bureau of Economic Analysis) with respect to such calendar year after 2024; by ``(II) the Personal Consumption Expenditure Per Capita Index with respect to calendar year 2024.''. (b) Personal Consumption Expenditure Per Capita Index.--The Director of the Bureau of Economic Analysis of the Department of Commerce shall prepare and annually publish an index reflecting expenditures for personal consumption by individuals in the United States on a per capita basis for the preceding year, beginning in calendar year 2025, and such index shall be known as the ``Personal Consumption Expenditure Per Capita Index''. (c) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section shall apply to any decision of the National Labor Relations Board relating to the assertion of its jurisdiction over a labor dispute made after the date of enactment of this section. <all>

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:21.767208

BILLS

BILLS-118hr9358ih

Focus on Protection Act

United States Congress House of Representatives

[Congressional Bills 118th Congress] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office] [H.R. 9358 Introduced in House (IH)] <DOC> 118th CONGRESS 2d Session H. R. 9358 To transfer the investigative jurisdiction over payment and financial systems from the United States Secret Service to the Department of the Treasury, and for other purposes. _______________________________________________________________________ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES August 13, 2024 Mr. Torres of New York introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, and in addition to the Committees on Financial Services, and Appropriations, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned _______________________________________________________________________ A BILL To transfer the investigative jurisdiction over payment and financial systems from the United States Secret Service to the Department of the Treasury, and for other purposes. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the ``Focus on Protection Act''. SEC. 2. FINDINGS. Congress finds the following: (1) The investigative mission related to payment and financial systems is critical for maintaining the integrity of the Nation's financial infrastructure. (2) The Department of the Treasury possesses the expertise and resources to effectively oversee and investigate issues related to payment and financial systems. (3) Transferring the investigative mission to the Department of the Treasury will enhance efficiency and focus in combating financial crimes. (4) Transferring the investigative mission will allow the United States Secret Service to focus on its core mission of protecting the President, Vice President, their families, visiting heads of state, and Presidential candidates, thereby enhancing national security. SEC. 3. TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS. (a) Transfer of Functions.--The functions of the United States Secret Service related to the investigation of payment and financial systems, as described in subsection (b), are transferred to the Department of the Treasury. (b) Scope of Transferred Functions.--The transferred functions include each of the following: (1) Investigations of counterfeiting of United States currency and financial instruments. (2) Investigations of financial fraud, including credit card fraud, debit card fraud, and other forms of electronic payment fraud. (3) Investigations of cybercrimes affecting financial systems. SEC. 4. CONFORMING AMENDMENTS. (a) Title 18, United States Code.--Section 3056 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by repealing subsection (b). (b) Title 31, United States Code.--Section 321(a) of title 31, United States Code, is amended-- (1) in paragraph (8)(C), by striking ``and'' at the end; (2) in paragraph (9), by striking the period and inserting ``; and''; and (3) by adding at the end the following: ``(10) investigate payment and financial systems.''. SEC. 5. TRANSITION PROVISIONS. (a) Transfer of Personnel.--Personnel employed by the United States Secret Service to perform functions described in section 3(b) shall be transferred to the Department of the Treasury, with the same status and tenure held on the day before the date of enactment of this Act. (b) Transfer of Assets and Obligations.--The assets, contracts, property, and records associated with the functions transferred by this Act shall be transferred to the Department of the Treasury. (c) Continuity of Operations.--The Secretary of the Treasury shall ensure that the transferred functions continue without interruption during and after the transfer process. (d) Determinations.--The Secretary of the Treasury shall make such determinations as are necessary with respect to-- (1) which functions related to the investigation of payment and financial systems are transferred under this Act, and (2) the personnel, assets, and obligations associated with such functions that are transferred under this Act. SEC. 6. BUDGET REALLOCATION. Funds appropriated to the United States Secret Service for the purposes of the functions transferred by this Act shall be transferred to the Department of the Treasury. SEC. 7. EFFECTIVE DATE. This Act shall take effect 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act. <all>

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:19.426904

FR

FR-2024-07-09/FR-2024-07-09-FrontMatter

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Contents] [Pages III-VII] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] CONTENTS Federal Register / Vol. 89, No. 131 / Tuesday, July 9, 2024 / Contents [[Page iii]] Administrative Conference of the United States NOTICES Adoption of Recommendations, 56276-56286 Agricultural Marketing Service PROPOSED RULES Increased Assessment Rate: Watermelon Research and Promotion Plan, 56234-56237 Agriculture Department See Agricultural Marketing Service See Food and Nutrition Service Census Bureau NOTICES 2030 Census Redistricting Data Program; Establishment, 56287-56288 Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services NOTICES Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposals, Submissions, and Approvals, 56382-56384 Children and Families Administration NOTICES Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposals, Submissions, and Approvals: The Understanding and Expanding the Reach of Home Visiting Project, 56384-56385 Coast Guard RULES Special Local Regulation: Back River, Baltimore County, MD, 56207-56211 NOTICES Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposals, Submissions, and Approvals, 56398-56399 Hearings, Meetings, Proceedings, etc.: National Maritime Security Advisory Committee, 56397-56398 Commerce Department See Census Bureau See Industry and Security Bureau See International Trade Administration See National Institute of Standards and Technology See National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Copyright Office, Library of Congress RULES Termination Rights, Royalty Distributions, Ownership Transfers, Disputes, and the Music Modernization Act, 56586-56617 Defense Department See Engineers Corps NOTICES Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposals, Submissions, and Approvals, 56344-56347 Hearings, Meetings, Proceedings, etc.: Defense Innovation Board, 56346-56347 Military Justice Review Panel, 56347-56348 Education Department RULES Priorities, Requirements, Definitions, and Selection Criteria: State Personnel Development Grants, 56211-56216 Technical Assistance on State Data Collection--National Technical Assistance Center to Improve State Capacity to Collect, Report, Analyze, and Use Accurate IDEA Part B Data, 56217- 56222 NOTICES Applications for New Awards: State Personnel Development Grants, 56356-56367 Technical Assistance on State Data Collection--National Technical Assistance Center to Improve State Capacity to Collect, Report, Analyze, and Use Accurate IDEA Part B Data, 56349- 56356 Employee Benefits Security Administration NOTICES Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposals, Submissions, and Approvals, 56416-56422 Exemption: Certain Prohibited Transaction Restrictions Involving Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Located in New York, NY, 56422-56432 Certain Prohibited Transactions Involving the Association of Washington Business HealthChoice Employee Benefits Trust Located in Olympia, WA, 56409-56416 Energy Department See Federal Energy Regulatory Commission NOTICES Hearings, Meetings, Proceedings, etc.: Environmental Management Site-Specific Advisory Board, Hanford, 56367-56368 Engineers Corps NOTICES Environmental Impact Statements; Availability, etc.: Collier County Coastal Storm Risk Management Project, Collier County, FL, Draft Feasibility Report, 56348-56349 Environmental Protection Agency RULES Air Quality State Implementation Plans; Approvals and Promulgations: California; Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Contingency Measure, 56222-56231 Wisconsin; Milwaukee Second 10-Year 2006 24-Hour PM2.5 Limited Maintenance Plan, 56231-56233 PROPOSED RULES Air Quality State Implementation Plans; Approvals and Promulgations: Federal Implementation Plan for Nonattainment New Source Review Program; Mojave Desert Air Quality Management District, California, 56237-56250 NOTICES Hearings, Meetings, Proceedings, etc.: Public Environmental Financial Advisory Board Webinar, 56372 [[Page iv]] Farm Credit System Insurance Corporation NOTICES Hearings, Meetings, Proceedings, etc.: Board of Directors, 56372-56373 Federal Aviation Administration RULES Airspace Designations and Reporting Points: Yerington, NV; Correction, 56207 Airworthiness Directives: Airbus Canada Limited Partnership (Type Certificate Previously Held by C Series Aircraft Limited Partnership (CSALP); Bombardier, Inc.) Airplanes, 56203-56205 Airbus Helicopters, 56189-56191 Airbus SAS Airplanes, 56195-56198 CFE Company Engines, 56193-56195 Leonardo S.p.a. Helicopters, 56191-56193 Pratt and Whitney Engines, 56198-56203 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd and Co KG, 56205-56207 Federal Communications Commission PROPOSED RULES Television Broadcasting Services: Cape Girardeau, MO, 56250 NOTICES Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposals, Submissions, and Approvals, 56375-56376 Privacy Act; Systems of Records, 56373-56375 Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation RULES Resolution Plans Required for Insured Depository Institutions with $100 Billion or more in Total Assets: Informational Filings Required for Insured Depository Institutions with at least $50 Billion but less than $100 Billion in Total Assets, 56620-56657 Federal Energy Regulatory Commission NOTICES Combined Filings, 56368-56372 Federal Highway Administration NOTICES Environmental Impact Statements; Availability, etc.: La Crosse County, WI; Rescission of Record of Decision, 56471 Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration NOTICES Exemption Application: Commercial Driver's License; 3 North LLC, 56473-56474 Qualification of Drivers; Hearing, 56472-56473 Federal Railroad Administration NOTICES Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposals, Submissions, and Approvals, 56474-56476 Fish and Wildlife Service PROPOSED RULES Endangered and Threatened Species: Designation of Critical Habitat for Barrens Topminnow, 56253-56275 Food and Drug Administration NOTICES Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposals, Submissions, and Approvals: New Animal Drugs for Investigational Use, 56385-56386 Reclassification Petitions for Medical Devices, 56390-56391 Guidance: Addressing Misinformation About Medical Devices and Prescription Drugs: Questions and Answers, 56387-56390 Purpose and Content of Use-Related Risk Analyses for Drugs, Biological Products and Combination Products, 56392-56393 Request for Membership Application: Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative/Food and Drug Administration Patient Engagement Collaborative, 56393- 56395 Food and Nutrition Service NOTICES Food Distribution Program: Value of Donated Foods, 56286-56287 Government Accountability Office NOTICES Estimated Lump Sum Catch-up Payments and Planned Methodology: Eligible 1983 Beirut Barracks Bombing Victims and 1996 Khobar Towers Bombing Victims, 56376-56382 Health and Human Services Department See Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services See Children and Families Administration See Food and Drug Administration See Indian Health Service See National Institutes of Health Homeland Security Department See Coast Guard Housing and Urban Development Department NOTICES Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposals, Submissions, and Approvals: Owner's Certification with Tenant Eligibility and Rent Procedures, 56399-56400 Waivers and Alternative Requirements: Community Development Block Grant Disaster Recovery and Community Development Block Grant Mitigation Grantees, 56400-56403 Indian Health Service NOTICES Funding Opportunity: Ending the HIV/HCV/Syphilis Epidemics in Indian Country II: A Syndemic Elimination Program for American Indian/Alaska Native Tribes and Urban Indian Communities, 56395 Industry and Security Bureau NOTICES Hearings, Meetings, Proceedings, etc.: Information Systems Technical Advisory Committee, 56288-56289 Interior Department See Fish and Wildlife Service [[Page v]] See Land Management Bureau See National Park Service Internal Revenue Service RULES Gross Proceeds and Basis Reporting by Brokers and Determination of Amount Realized and Basis for Digital Asset Transactions, 56480-56583 International Trade Administration NOTICES Antidumping or Countervailing Duty Investigations, Orders, or Reviews: Certain Collated Steel Staples from the People's Republic of China, 56301-56302 Certain Pasta from Italy and the Republic of Turkiye, 56302-56303 Certain Quartz Surface Products from India, 56292-56295 Chlorinated Isocyanurates from Spain, 56295-56297 Chlorinated Isocyanurates from the People's Republic of China, 56303-56305 Raw Honey from India, 56306-56308 Approved Business Development Mission, 56297-56301 Fee Schedule for the Data Privacy Framework Program, 56289-56292 North American Free Trade Agreement: Article 1904 Binational Panel Review, Panel Order to Stay Proceedings, 56305-56306 International Trade Commission NOTICES Antidumping or Countervailing Duty Investigations, Orders, or Reviews: Ferrosilicon from Brazil, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, and Russia, 56407- 56408 Investigations; Determinations, Modifications, and Rulings, etc.: Certain Memory Devices and Electronic Devices Containing the Same, 56406-56407 Justice Department NOTICES Proposed Consent Decree: Clean Water Act and Oil Pollution Act, 56408-56409 Labor Department See Employee Benefits Security Administration NOTICES Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposals, Submissions, and Approvals: Cranes and Derricks in Construction Standard, 56433 Experience Rating Report, 56434 Monthly Employment Utilization Report, 56432-56433 Portable Fire Extinguishers Standard (Annual Maintenance Certification Record), 56433-56434 Land Management Bureau NOTICES Hearings, Meetings, Proceedings, etc.: Southeast Oregon Resource Advisory Council, 56403 Realty Action: Recreation and Public Purposes Act Classification; Arizona, 56403- 56404 Library of Congress See Copyright Office, Library of Congress Marine Mammal Commission NOTICES Meetings; Sunshine Act, 56434-56435 National Archives and Records Administration NOTICES Records Schedules, 56435-56436 National Endowment for the Arts NOTICES Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposals, Submissions, and Approvals: Arts Basic Survey, 56436 National Endowment for the Humanities NOTICES Hearings, Meetings, Proceedings, etc.: National Council on the Humanities, 56436-56437 National Foundation on the Arts and the Humanities See National Endowment for the Arts See National Endowment for the Humanities National Highway Traffic Safety Administration PROPOSED RULES Anthropomorphic Test Devices: Test Device for Human Occupant Restraint 50th Percentile Adult Male Test Dummy; Incorporation by Reference, 56251-56253 National Institute of Standards and Technology NOTICES CHIPS National Advanced Packaging Manufacturing Program: Advanced Packaging Research and Development, 56308-56314 National Institutes of Health NOTICES Hearings, Meetings, Proceedings, etc.: National Cancer Institute, 56397 National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, 56397 National Institute of General Medical Sciences, 56396-56397 National Institute on Aging, 56395-56396 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOTICES Hearings, Meetings, Proceedings, etc.: Council Coordination Committee, 56342 Evaluation of Padilla Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, 56317 Fisheries of the South Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean; Southeast Data, Assessment, and Review, 56316 Fisheries of the U.S. Caribbean; Southeast Data, Assessment, and Review, 56314 Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council, 56314-56316 New England Fishery Management Council, 56342 Pacific Fishery Management Council, 56315-56316 South Atlantic Fishery Management Council, 56315 Permits; Applications, Issuances, etc.: Endangered and Threatened Species; File No. 27551, 56343-56344 Taking or Importing of Marine Mammals: Gary Paxton Industrial Park Vessel Haulout Project in Sitka, AK, 56317-56341 [[Page vi]] National Park Service NOTICES National Register of Historic Places: Pending Nominations and Related Actions, 56404-56406 Nuclear Regulatory Commission NOTICES Facility Operating and Combined Licenses: Applications and Amendments Involving Proposed No Significant Hazards Considerations, etc., 56438-56445 Partial Site Release: Clinton Power Station, Unit 1, Constellation Energy Generation, LLC, 56445-56446 Petition: Palisades Nuclear Plant, Holtec Decommissioning International, LLC, Holtec Palisades, LLC, 56437-56438 Securities and Exchange Commission NOTICES Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposals, Submissions, and Approvals, 56456, 56461-56462 Meetings; Sunshine Act, 56467-56468 Self-Regulatory Organizations; Proposed Rule Changes: Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc., 56462-56467 New York Stock Exchange LLC, 56447-56449 New York Stock Exchange LLC; Withdrawal, 56456 NYSE American LLC, 56459-56461 NYSE Arca, Inc., 56449-56452 The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC, 56457-56458 The Options Clearing Corp., 56452-56456 Small Business Administration NOTICES Disaster Declaration: California, 56468 Texas; Public Assistance Only, 56468 State Department NOTICES Designation as Terrorist or Global Terrorist: Adam Khamirzaev, 56469 al-Shabaab, 56469 Harakat Ansar Allah al-Awfiya and Haydar Muzhir Ma'lak al-Sa'idi, 56469 Messaoud Belhireche, Talha al-Libi, Hamama Ould Khouier, and Hussein Ould Hammada, 56468-56469 Nordic Resistance Movement, Tor Fredrik Vejdeland, Par Oberg, and Leif Robert Eklund, 56469-56470 Susquehanna River Basin Commission NOTICES Hearings, Meetings, Proceedings, etc., 56470-56471 Transportation Department See Federal Aviation Administration See Federal Highway Administration See Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration See Federal Railroad Administration See National Highway Traffic Safety Administration Treasury Department See Internal Revenue Service See United States Mint United States Mint NOTICES New Prices for Numismatic Silver Products, 56476-56477 Veterans Affairs Department NOTICES Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposals, Submissions, and Approvals: Child Care Provider Information-For the Child Care Subsidy Program, 56477 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Separate Parts In This Issue Part II Treasury Department, Internal Revenue Service, 56480-56583 Part III Library of Congress, Copyright Office, Library of Congress, 56586-56617 Part IV Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, 56620-56657 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- Reader Aids Consult the Reader Aids section at the end of this issue for phone numbers, online resources, finding aids, and notice of recently enacted public laws. To subscribe to the Federal Register Table of Contents electronic mailing list, go to https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USGPOOFR/subscriber/ new, enter your e-mail address, then follow the instructions to join, leave, or manage your subscription. CFR PARTS AFFECTED IN THIS ISSUE __________________________________________________________ A cumulative list of the parts affected this month can be found in the Reader Aids section at the end of this issue. Federal Register / Vol. 89, No. 131 / Tuesday, July 9, 2024 / Contents Federal Register / Vol. 89, No. 131 / Tuesday, July 9, 2024 / Contents Federal Register / Vol. 89, No. 131 / Tuesday, July 9, 2024 / Contents [[Page vii]] 7 CFR Proposed Rules: 1210.................................................56234 12 CFR 360..................................................56620 14 CFR 39 (7 documents)........56189, 56191, 56193, 56195, 56198, 56203, 56205 71...................................................56207 26 CFR 1....................................................56480 31...................................................56480 301..................................................56480 33 CFR 100..................................................56207 34 CFR Ch. III (2 documents).........................56211, 56217 37 CFR 210..................................................56586 40 CFR 52 (2 documents)..............................56222, 56231 Proposed Rules: 52...................................................56237 47 CFR Proposed Rules: 73...................................................56250 49 CFR Proposed Rules: 572..................................................56251 50 CFR Proposed Rules: 17...................................................56253

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:56.830620

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14880

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Rules and Regulations] [Pages 56189-56191] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14880] ======================================================================== Rules and Regulations Federal Register ________________________________________________________________________ This section of the FEDERAL REGISTER contains regulatory documents having general applicability and legal effect, most of which are keyed to and codified in the Code of Federal Regulations, which is published under 50 titles pursuant to 44 U.S.C. 1510. The Code of Federal Regulations is sold by the Superintendent of Documents. ======================================================================== Federal Register / Vol. 89, No. 131 / Tuesday, July 9, 2024 / Rules and Regulations [[Page 56189]] DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Federal Aviation Administration 14 CFR Part 39 [Docket No. FAA-2024-0042; Project Identifier MCAI-2023-00659-R; Amendment 39-22759; AD 2024-10-13] RIN 2120-AA64 Airworthiness Directives; Airbus Helicopters AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The FAA is adopting a new airworthiness directive (AD) for all Airbus Helicopters Model AS332C, AS332C1, AS3322L, AS332L1, AS332L2, and EC225LP helicopters. This AD was prompted by a report of cracks on the fuel filter bowl (bowl) due to over-torquing. This AD requires visually inspecting the bowls of the right hand (RH) and left hand (LH) fuel filters for any cracks and seepage. Depending on the inspection results, this AD requires removing an affected fuel filter from service and replacing that part. This AD also allows a certain fuel filter to be installed on a helicopter if certain actions are accomplished. These requirements are specified in a European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) AD, which is incorporated by reference. The FAA is issuing this AD to address the unsafe condition on these products. DATES: This AD is effective August 13, 2024. The Director of the Federal Register approved the incorporation by reference of a certain publication listed in this AD as of August 13, 2024. ADDRESSES: AD Docket: You may examine the AD docket at regulations.gov under Docket No. FAA-2024-0042; or in person at Docket Operations between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. The AD docket contains this final rule, the EASA AD, any comments received, and other information. The address for Docket Operations is U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, M-30, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20590. Material Incorporated by Reference: For EASA material, contact EASA, Konrad-Adenauer-Ufer 3, 50668 Cologne, Germany; telephone +49 221 8999 000; email [email protected]; internet easa.europa.eu. You may find the EASA material on the EASA website at ad.easa.europa.eu. You may view this material at the FAA, Office of the Regional Counsel, Southwest Region, 10101 Hillwood Parkway, Room 6N- 321, Fort Worth, TX 76177. For information on the availability of this material at the FAA, call (817) 222-5110. It is also available at regulations.gov under Docket No. FAA-2024-0042. Other Related Service Information: For Airbus Helicopters service information, contact Airbus Helicopters, 2701 North Forum Drive, Grand Prairie, TX 75052; phone (972) 641-0000 or (800) 232-0323; fax (972) 641-3775; or at airbus.com/en/products-services/helicopters/hcare-services/airbusworld. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Dan McCully, Aviation Safety Engineer, FAA, 1600 Stewart Avenue, Suite 410, Westbury, NY 11590; phone: (781) 238-7244; email: [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background EASA, which is the Technical Agent for the Member States of the European Union, has issued EASA AD 2023-0095, dated May 8, 2023 (EASA AD 2023-0095), to correct an unsafe condition on Airbus Helicopters AS 332 C, AS 332 C1, AS 332 L, AS 332 L1, AS 332 L2, and EC 225 LP helicopters, all serial numbers. The FAA issued a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) to amend 14 CFR part 39 by adding an AD that would apply to all Airbus Helicopters Model AS332C, AS332C1, AS332L, AS332L1, AS332L2, and EC225LP helicopters. The NPRM published in the Federal Register on February 2, 2024 (89 FR 7302). The NPRM was prompted by a report of a report of cracks on the bowl due to over-torquing. The NPRM proposed to require accomplishing the actions specified in EASA AD 2023-0095, as incorporated by reference, except for any differences identified as exceptions in the regulatory text of this AD and except as discussed under ``Differences Between this AD and the EASA AD.'' The FAA is issuing this AD to address the unsafe condition on these products. You may examine EASA AD 2023-0095 in the AD docket at regulations.gov under Docket No. FAA-2024-0042. Discussion of Final Airworthiness Directive Comments The FAA received no comments on the NPRM or on the determination of the costs. Conclusion These helicopters have been approved by EASA and are approved for operation in the United States. Pursuant to the FAA's bilateral agreement with the European Union, EASA has notified the FAA about the unsafe condition described in its AD. The FAA reviewed the relevant data and determined that air safety requires adopting this AD as proposed. Accordingly, the FAA is issuing this AD to address the unsafe condition on these helicopters. Related Material Under 1 CFR Part 51 EASA AD 2023-0095 requires a one-time inspection of the bowls of the LH and RH fuel filters for cracks and seepage. Depending on the inspection results, EASA AD 2023-0095 requires replacement of an affected part with a serviceable part, as defined in EASA AD 2023-0095. EASA AD 2023-0095 also allows certain fuel filters to be installed on a helicopter if certain actions are accomplished. This material is reasonably available because the interested parties have access to it through their normal course of business or by the means identified in the ADDRESSES section. Other Related Material The FAA also reviewed Airbus Helicopters Alert Service Bulletin (ASB) No. AS332-28.00.88, and Airbus Helicopters ASB No. EC225-28A030, both Revision 0, and both dated April 25, 2023. This service information specifies procedures for a visual inspection the bowls on the RH and LH [[Page 56190]] fuel filters for any cracks and seepage. Depending on the inspection results, this service information specifies procedures to remove and replace an affected fuel filter. This service information also specifies sending an affected fuel filter along with certain information to Airbus Helicopters, and performing an aspect check after replacement of the affected parts. Differences Between This AD and the EASA AD EASA AD 2023-0095 requires replacing each affected fuel filter with a serviceable fuel filter if any discrepancy is detected, whereas this AD requires removing each affected fuel filter from service and replacing it with a serviceable fuel filter, as described in EASA AD 2023-0095, if any crack or seepage is detected. Service information referenced in EASA AD 2023-0095 specifies reporting certain information and sending affected parts to Airbus Helicopters, whereas this AD does not require sending information or parts to Airbus Helicopters. Costs of Compliance The FAA estimates that this AD affects 40 helicopters of U.S. registry. Labor rates are estimated at $85 per work-hour. Based on these numbers, the FAA estimates the following costs to comply with this AD. Inspecting each bowl for cracks (with 2 bowls per helicopter) and seepage will take approximately 1 work-hour for an estimated cost of $170 per helicopter and $6,800 for the U.S. fleet. Replacing an affected fuel filter with a serviceable fuel filter will take approximately 1 work-hour and parts will cost approximately $6,290 for an estimated cost of $6,375 per fuel filter replacement. Authority for This Rulemaking Title 49 of the United States Code specifies the FAA's authority to issue rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I, section 106, describes the authority of the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII: Aviation Programs, describes in more detail the scope of the Agency's authority. The FAA is issuing this rulemaking under the authority described in Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart III, Section 44701: General requirements. Under that section, Congress charges the FAA with promoting safe flight of civil aircraft in air commerce by prescribing regulations for practices, methods, and procedures the Administrator finds necessary for safety in air commerce. This regulation is within the scope of that authority because it addresses an unsafe condition that is likely to exist or develop on products identified in this rulemaking action. Regulatory Findings This AD will not have federalism implications under Executive Order 13132. This AD will not have a substantial direct effect on the States, on the relationship between the national government and the States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government. For the reasons discussed above, I certify that this AD: (1) Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under Executive Order 12866, (2) Will not affect intrastate aviation in Alaska, and (3) Will not have a significant economic impact, positive or negative, on a substantial number of small entities under the criteria of the Regulatory Flexibility Act. List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39 Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation safety, Incorporation by reference, Safety. The Amendment Accordingly, under the authority delegated to me by the Administrator, the FAA amends 14 CFR part 39 as follows: PART 39--AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES 0 1. The authority citation for part 39 continues to read as follows: Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701. Sec. 39.13 [Amended] 0 2. The FAA amends Sec. 39.13 by adding the following new airworthiness directive: 2024-10-13 Airbus Helicopters: Amendment 39-22759; Docket No. FAA- 2024-0042; Project Identifier MCAI-2023-00659-R. (a) Effective Date This airworthiness directive (AD) is effective August 13, 2024. (b) Affected ADs None. (c) Applicability This AD applies to all Airbus Helicopters Model AS332C, AS332C1, AS332L, AS332L1, AS332L2, and EC225LP helicopters, certificated in any category. (d) Subject Joint Aircraft Service Component (JASC) Code: 2821, Aircraft fuel filter/strainer. (e) Unsafe Condition This AD was prompted by a report of cracks on the fuel filter bowl (bowl) due to over-torquing. The FAA is proposing this AD to inspect for cracks and seepage on the bowl of the left-hand (LH) and right-hand (RH) fuel filter. The unsafe condition, if not addressed, could result in failure of the bowl, in-flight shutdown, and subsequent reduced control of the helicopter. (f) Compliance Comply with this AD within the compliance times specified, unless already done. (g) Requirements Except as specified in paragraphs (h) and (i) of this AD: Comply with all required actions and compliance times specified in, and in accordance with, European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) AD 2023-0095, dated May 8, 2023 (EASA AD 2023-0095). (h) Exceptions to EASA AD 2023-0095 (1) Where EASA AD 2023-0095 requires compliance in terms of flight hours, this AD requires using hours time-in-service. (2) Where EASA AD 2023-0095 refers to its effective date, this AD requires using the effective date of this AD. (3) Where paragraph (1) of EASA AD 2023-0095 requires an inspection ``in accordance with the instructions of the applicable ASB,'' for this AD, replace that text with, ``in accordance with paragraph 3.B.2.a. of the applicable ASB, except you are not required to comply with paragraph 3.B.2.b or 3.B.3.'' (4) Where paragraph (2) of EASA AD 2023-0095 states ``replace the affected part with a serviceable part in accordance with the instructions of the applicable ASB,'' this AD requires replacing those words with ``remove the affected part from service and replace it with a serviceable part.'' (5) Where the service information referenced in EASA AD 2023- 0095 specifies to ``make sure that there is no crack and no seepage on the bowls (a) of the RH and LH fuel filters (b),'' this AD requires replacing those words with ``Inspect for any crack and seepage on the bowls (a) of the RH and LH fuel filters (b).'' (6) Where the service information referenced in EASA AD 2023- 0095 specifies ``If there is a crack and/or a seepage on the bowls (a) of the RH and LH fuel filters (b), comply with paragraph 3.B.2.b.,'' this AD requires replacing that text with ``If there is a crack or seepage on the bowls (a) of the RH or LH fuel filter (b), before further flight, remove the affected part from service and replace with a serviceable part, as defined in EASA AD 2023-0095.'' (7) This AD does not adopt the ``Remarks'' section of EASA AD 2023-0095. (i) No Reporting Requirement Although the service information referenced in EASA AD 2023-0095 specifies to submit certain information and return parts to the manufacturer, this AD does not include those requirements. (j) Special Flight Permit Special flight permits are prohibited. [[Page 56191]] (k) Alternative Methods of Compliance (AMOCs) (1) The Manager, International Validation Branch, FAA, has the authority to approve AMOCs for this AD, if requested using the procedures found in 14 CFR 39.19. In accordance with 14 CFR 39.19, send your request to your principal inspector or local Flight Standards District Office, as appropriate. If sending information directly to the manager of the International Validation Branch, send it to the attention of the person identified in paragraph (l) of this AD. Information may be emailed to: [email protected]. (2) Before using any approved AMOC, notify your appropriate principal inspector, or lacking a principal inspector, the manager of the local flight standards district office/certificate holding district office. (l) Related Information For more information about this AD, contact Dan McCully, Aviation Safety Engineer, FAA, 1600 Stewart Avenue, Suite 410, Westbury, NY 11590; phone (781) 238-7244; email [email protected]. (m) Material Incorporated by Reference (1) The Director of the Federal Register approved the incorporation by reference of the material listed in this paragraph under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. (2) You must use this material as applicable to do the actions required by this AD, unless the AD specifies otherwise. (i) European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) AD 2023-0095, dated May 8, 2023. (ii) [Reserved] (3) For EASA AD 2023-0095, contact EASA, Konrad-Adenauer-Ufer 3, 50668 Cologne, Germany; telephone +49 221 8999 000; email [email protected]; internet easa.europa.eu. You may find the EASA material on the EASA website at ad.easa.europa.eu. (4) You may view this material at the FAA, Office of the Regional Counsel, Southwest Region, 10101 Hillwood Pkwy., Room 6N- 321, Fort Worth, TX 76177. For information on the availability of this material at the FAA, call (817) 222 5110. (5) You may view this material at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, visit www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations or email [email protected]. Issued on May 17, 2024. Victor Wicklund, Deputy Director, Compliance & Airworthiness Division, Aircraft Certification Service. [FR Doc. 2024-14880 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4910-13-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:56.849724

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14890

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Rules and Regulations] [Pages 56191-56193] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14890] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Federal Aviation Administration 14 CFR Part 39 [Docket No. FAA-2024-0236; Project Identifier MCAI-2022-00066-R; Amendment 39-22754; AD 2024-10-08] RIN 2120-AA64 Airworthiness Directives; Leonardo S.p.a. Helicopters AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The FAA is adopting a new airworthiness directive (AD) for all Leonardo S.p.a. Model AW189 helicopters. This AD was prompted by a report of abnormal oscillatory behavior during automated glide slope approaches, due to sealant on the glide slope (G/S) antenna coaxial connectors. This AD requires visually inspecting certain G/S antennas and G/S antenna coaxial connectors for the presence of any sealant; cleaning parts and removing any sealant; performing an external G/S acceptance test procedure (ATP); and taking corrective actions if necessary. This AD would also prohibit installing certain G/S antennas and G/S antenna coaxial connecters. These requirements are specified in a European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) AD, which is incorporated by reference. The FAA is issuing this AD to address the unsafe condition on these products. DATES: This AD is effective August 13, 2024. The Director of the Federal Register approved the incorporation by reference of a certain publication listed in this AD as of August 13, 2024. ADDRESSES: AD Docket: You may examine the AD docket at regulations.gov under Docket No. FAA-2024-0236; or in person at Docket Operations between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. The AD docket contains this final rule, the EASA AD, any comments received, and other information. The address for Docket Operations is U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, M-30, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20590. Material Incorporated by Reference: For EASA material, contact EASA, Konrad-Adenauer-Ufer 3, 50668 Cologne, Germany; telephone +49 221 8999 000; email [email protected]; internet easa.europa.eu. You may find the EASA material on the EASA website at ad.easa.europa.eu. You may view this service information at the FAA, Office of the Regional Counsel, Southwest Region, 10101 Hillwood Parkway, Room 6N-321, Fort Worth, TX 76177. For information on the availability of this material at the FAA, call (817) 222-5110. It is also available at regulations.gov under Docket No. FAA-2024-0236. Other Related Service Information: For Leonardo Helicopters service information identified in this final rule, contact Leonardo S.p.A Helicopters, Emanuele Bufano, Head of Airworthiness, Viale G. Agusta 520, 21017 C. Costa di Samarate (Va) Italy; phone (+39) 0331-225074; fax (+39) 0331-229046; or at customerportal.leonardocompany.com/en-US/. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Sungmo Cho, Aviation Safety Engineer, FAA, 1600 Stewart Avenue, Suite 410, Westbury, NY 11590; phone: (781) 238-7241; email: [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background The FAA issued a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) to amend 14 CFR part 39 by adding an AD that would apply to all Leonardo S.p.a. Model AW189 helicopters. The NPRM published in the Federal Register on February 27, 2024 (89 FR 14417). The NPRM was prompted by EASA AD 2022- 0010, dated January 20, 2022 (EASA AD 2022-0010), issued by EASA, which is the Technical Agent for the Member States of the European Union. EASA AD 2022-0010 states an in-flight abnormal oscillatory action of an Model AW189 helicopter was reported during automated G/S approaches. EASA AD 2022-0010 states subsequent investigation identified sealant on the G/S antenna coaxial connectors. In the NPRM, the FAA proposed to require a one-time inspection of certain G/S antennas and G/S antenna coaxial connectors for the presence of any sealant; cleaning parts and removing any sealant; performing an external G/S ATP; and taking corrective actions if necessary. The FAA is issuing this AD to detect and address sealant on or around the G/S antenna. The unsafe condition, if not addressed, could lead to erratic signals from the G/S antenna, which could result in reduced capability of the helicopter to perform safe automated approaches. See EASA AD 2022-0010 for additional background information. [[Page 56192]] You may examine EASA AD 2022-0010 in the AD docket at regulations.gov under Docket No. FAA-2024-0236. Comments The FAA received no comments on the NPRM or on the determination of the costs. Conclusion These helicopters have been approved by EASA and are approved for operation in the United States. Pursuant to the FAA's bilateral agreement with the European Union, EASA has notified the FAA about the unsafe condition described in its AD. The FAA reviewed the relevant data and determined that air safety requires adopting this AD as proposed. Accordingly, the FAA is issuing this AD to address the unsafe condition on these helicopters. Related Service Information Under 1 CFR Part 51 EASA AD 2022-0010 requires visually inspecting G/S antenna part number (P/N) 6208-88-62 and G/S antenna coaxial connectors P/N PE4958, which are both parts of G/S antenna kit P/N 8G3430F00111, for any sealant. If any sealant is found, EASA AD 2022-0010 requires removing any sealant, and performing further inspections and corrective actions. EASA AD 2022-0010 also requires performing an ATP and depending on the results, replacing, and removing certain parts, and additional tests. EASA AD 2022-0010 allows the affected G/S antenna and G/S antenna coaxial connectors to be installed on a helicopter if certain requirements are met. This material is reasonably available because the interested parties have access to it through their normal course of business or by the means identified in ADDRESSES. Other Related Service Information The FAA also reviewed Leonardo Helicopters Alert Service Bulletin No. 189-295, dated November 29, 2021. This service information specifies procedures for visually inspecting the G/S antenna for the presence of sealant; removing any sealant that is detected; removing and replacing any affected parts; performing any corrective actions if necessary, performing an ATP, which includes verifying flight display, decibel milliwatts, and pass/fail information; and reporting certain information to the manufacturer. Differences Between This AD and the EASA AD If any discrepancy is found during the ATP, EASA AD 2022-0010 requires replacing each affected part with a serviceable part, whereas this AD requires removing each affected part from service and replacing it with a serviceable part. Service information referenced in EASA AD 2022-0010 contains an inspection report (ANNEX B), whereas this AD does not require completing that information. Costs of Compliance The FAA estimates that this AD affects 4 helicopters of U.S. registry. Labor rates are estimated at $85 per work-hour. Based on these numbers, the FAA estimates the following costs to comply with this AD. Visually inspecting for sealant around the G/S antenna will take approximately 5 work-hours for an estimated cost of $425 per helicopter and up to $1,700 for the U.S. fleet. If required, removing any sealant and cleaning any part will take approximately 0.5 work-hour for an estimated cost of $43 per helicopter. Performing an ATP will take approximately 1 work-hour for an estimated cost of $85 per helicopter and up to $340 for the U.S. fleet. If required, removing and replacing a G/S antenna, to include removing and replacing the connectors will take approximately 3 work- hours and parts will cost $100,100 for an estimated cost of $100,355 per helicopter. Authority for This Rulemaking Title 49 of the United States Code specifies the FAA's authority to issue rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I, section 106, describes the authority of the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII: Aviation Programs, describes in more detail the scope of the Agency's authority. The FAA is issuing this rulemaking under the authority described in Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart III, Section 44701: General requirements. Under that section, Congress charges the FAA with promoting safe flight of civil aircraft in air commerce by prescribing regulations for practices, methods, and procedures the Administrator finds necessary for safety in air commerce. This regulation is within the scope of that authority because it addresses an unsafe condition that is likely to exist or develop on products identified in this rulemaking action. Regulatory Findings This AD will not have federalism implications under Executive Order 13132. This AD will not have a substantial direct effect on the States, on the relationship between the national government and the States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government. For the reasons discussed above, I certify that this AD: (1) Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under Executive Order 12866, (2) Will not affect intrastate aviation in Alaska, and (3) Will not have a significant economic impact, positive or negative, on a substantial number of small entities under the criteria of the Regulatory Flexibility Act. List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39 Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation safety, Incorporation by reference, Safety. The Amendment Accordingly, under the authority delegated to me by the Administrator, the FAA amends 14 CFR part 39 as follows: PART 39--AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES 0 1. The authority citation for part 39 continues to read as follows: Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701. Sec. 39.13 [Amended] 0 2. The FAA amends Sec. 39.13 by adding the following new airworthiness directive: 2024-10-08 Leonardo S.p.a.: Amendment 39-22754; Docket No. FAA-2024- 0236; Project Identifier MCAI-2022-00066-R. (a) Effective Date This airworthiness directive (AD) is effective August 13, 2024. (b) Affected ADs None. (c) Applicability This AD applies to all Leonardo S.p.a. Model AW189 helicopters, certificated in any category. (d) Subject Joint Aircraft System Component (JASC) Code: 3432, Glide slope system. (e) Unsafe Condition This AD was prompted by a report of abnormal oscillatory behavior during automated glide slope approaches, due to sealant on the glide slope (G/S) antenna coaxial connectors. The FAA is issuing this AD to detect and address sealant on or [[Page 56193]] around the G/S antenna. The unsafe condition, if not addressed, could lead to erratic signals from the G/S antenna, which could result in reduced capability of the helicopter to perform safe automated approaches. (f) Compliance Comply with this AD within the compliance times specified, unless already done. (g) Requirements Except as specified in paragraphs (h) and (i) of this AD: Comply with all required actions and compliance times specified in, and in accordance with, European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) AD 2022-0010, dated January 20, 2022 (EASA AD 2022-0010). (h) Exceptions to EASA AD 2022-0010 (1) Where EASA AD 2022-0010 states ``flight hours;'' for this AD, replace that text with ``hours time-in-service.'' (2) Where EASA AD 2022-0010 refers to its effective date, this AD requires using the effective date of this AD. (3) Where paragraph (1) of EASA AD 2022-0010 states ``in accordance with the instructions of Part I of the ASB;'' for this AD, replace that text with ``in accordance with the Accomplishment Instructions, Part I, paragraphs 4 and 5 of the ASB.'' (4) Where paragraph (2) of EASA AD 2022-0010 states ``in accordance with the instructions of Part I of the ASB;'' for this AD, replace that text with ``in accordance with the Accomplishment Instructions, Part I, paragraphs 6.3 (including the two cautions above paragraph 6.3) through 6.5 (but not paragraphs 6.5.1 and 6.5.2) of the ASB.'' (5) Where paragraphs (4) and (5) of EASA AD 2022-0010 state ``discrepancy;'' for this AD, replace that text with ``discrepancy, which is one or more ``fail'' results in the acceptance test procedure.'' (6) Where paragraphs (4) and (5) of EASA AD 2022-0010 state to ``replace the/those affected parts with serviceable parts;'' for this AD, replace that text with ``remove the affected part, as defined in EASA AD 2022-0010, from service and replace it with a serviceable part, as defined in EASA AD 2022-0010. Thereafter, after installing a serviceable part, as defined in EASA AD 2022-0010, before further flight, accomplish an acceptance test procedure (ATP) in accordance with the instructions of Annex A of the ASB.'' (7) Where the service information referenced in EASA AD 2022- 0010 specifies discarding existing hardware, this AD requires removing the existing hardware from service. (8) Where paragraph (4) of EASA AD 2022-0010 states ``in accordance with the instructions of Part I of the ASB;'' for this AD, replace that text with ``in accordance with the Accomplishment Instructions, Part I, paragraphs 9 through 11 of the ASB.'' (9) Where paragraph (5) of EASA AD 2022-0010 states ``in accordance with the instructions of Part II of the ASB;'' for this AD, replace that text with ``in accordance with the Accomplishment Instructions, Part II, paragraphs 2 through 4 of the ASB.'' (10) This AD does not adopt the ``Remarks'' section of EASA AD 2022-0010. (i) No Reporting Requirement Although the service information referenced in EASA AD 2022-0010 specifies to submit certain information to the manufacturer, this AD does not include that requirement. (j) Special Flight Permits Special flight permits may be issued in accordance with 14 CFR 21.197 and 21.199, provided there are no passengers, and no flights are performed under instrument flight rules (IFR). (k) Alternative Methods of Compliance (AMOCs) (1) The Manager, International Validation Branch, FAA, has the authority to approve AMOCs for this AD, if requested using the procedures found in 14 CFR 39.19. In accordance with 14 CFR 39.19, send your request to your principal inspector or local Flight Standards District Office, as appropriate. If sending information directly to the manager of the International Validation Branch, send it to the attention of the person identified in paragraph (l) of this AD. Information may be emailed to: [email protected]. (2) Before using any approved AMOC, notify your appropriate principal inspector, or lacking a principal inspector, the manager of the local flight standards district office/certificate holding district office. (l) Related Information For more information about this AD, contact Sungmo Cho, Aviation Safety Engineer, FAA, 1600 Stewart Avenue, Suite 410, Westbury, NY 11590; phone: (781) 238-7241; email: [email protected]. (m) Material Incorporated by Reference (1) The Director of the Federal Register approved the incorporation by reference of the service information listed in this paragraph under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. (2) You must use this service information as applicable to do the actions required by this AD, unless the AD specifies otherwise. (i) European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) AD 2022-0010, dated January 20, 2022. (ii) [Reserved] (3) For EASA AD 2022-0010, contact EASA, Konrad-Adenauer-Ufer 3, 50668 Cologne, Germany; telephone +49 221 8999 000; email [email protected]; internet easa.europa.eu. You may find the EASA material on the EASA website at ad.easa.europa.eu. (4) You may view this service information at the FAA, Office of the Regional Counsel, Southwest Region, 10101 Hillwood Pkwy., Room 6N-321, Fort Worth, TX 76177. For information on the availability of this material at the FAA, call (817) 222 5110. (5) You may view this material at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, visit www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations or email [email protected]. Issued on May 14, 2024. James D. Foltz, Deputy Director, Compliance & Airworthiness Division, Aircraft Certification Service. [FR Doc. 2024-14890 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4910-13-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:56.888602

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14939

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Rules and Regulations] [Pages 56193-56195] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14939] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Federal Aviation Administration 14 CFR Part 39 [Docket No. FAA-2024-0461; Project Identifier AD-2023-00994-E; Amendment 39-22767; AD 2024-12-03] RIN 2120-AA64 Airworthiness Directives; CFE Company Engines AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The FAA is adopting a new airworthiness directive (AD) for certain CFE Company (CFE) Model CFE738-1-1B engines. This AD was prompted by a manufacturer investigation that revealed certain high- pressure turbine (HPT) stage 1 and stage 2 disks were manufactured from powder metal material suspected to contain iron inclusion. This AD requires replacement of affected HPT stage 1 and stage 2 disks with parts eligible for installation. The FAA is issuing this AD to address the unsafe condition on these products. DATES: This AD is effective August 13, 2024. The Director of the Federal Register approved the incorporation by reference of a certain publication listed in this AD as of August 13, 2024. ADDRESSES: AD Docket: You may examine the AD docket at regulations.gov under Docket No. FAA-2024-0461; or in person at Docket Operations between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. The AD docket contains this final rule, any comments received, and other information. The address for Docket Operations is U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, M-30, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20590. Material Incorporated by Reference: For CFE material, contact CFE Company, 111 S 34th Street, Phoenix, AZ 85034; phone: (800) 601-3099; email: [email protected]; website: aerospace.honeywell.com. You may view this material at the FAA, Airworthiness Products Section, [[Page 56194]] Operational Safety Branch, 1200 District Avenue, Burlington, MA 01803. For information on the availability of this material at the FAA, call (817) 222-5110. It is also available at regulations.gov under Docket No. FAA-2024-0461. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Alexei Marqueen, Aviation Safety Engineer, FAA, FAA, 2200 South 216th Street, Des Moines, WA 98198; phone: (781) 238-7178; email: [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background The FAA issued a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) to amend 14 CFR part 39 by adding an AD that would that apply to certain CFE Model CFE738-1-1B engines with HPT stage 1 and HPT stage 2 disks installed. The NPRM published in the Federal Register on March 8, 2024 (89 FR 16710). The NPRM was prompted by a manufacturer investigation that revealed certain HPT stage 1 and HPT stage 2 disks, installed on certain CFE738-1-1B model engines, were manufactured from powder metal material suspected to contain iron inclusion. Further investigation by the manufacturer determined that the iron inclusion is attributed to deficiencies in the manufacturing process and may cause reduced material properties and a lower fatigue life capability, which may result in structural failure. The manufacturer also informed the FAA that additional risk assessments determined that there were no failed events associated with the discovery of this iron inclusion material, however concluded that replacement of the affected HPT stage 1 and HPT stage 2 disks is necessary. In the NPRM, the FAA proposed to require replacement of affected HPT stage 1 and HPT stage 2 disks with parts eligible for installation. The FAA is issuing this AD to address the unsafe condition on these products. Discussion of Final Airworthiness Directive Comments The FAA received no comments on the NPRM or on the determination of the costs. Conclusion The FAA reviewed the relevant data and determined that air safety requires adopting this AD as proposed. Accordingly, the FAA is issuing this AD to address the unsafe condition on these products. Except for minor editorial changes, this AD is adopted as proposed in the NPRM. Related Material Under 1 CFR Part 51 The FAA reviewed CFE Service Bulletin CFE738-72-A8082, dated July 4, 2023, which specifies the affected part and serial numbers of the HPT stage 1 and stage 2 disks and specifies replacement instructions for the affected parts. This material is reasonably available because the interested parties have access to it through their normal course of business or by the means identified in the ADDRESSES section. Costs of Compliance The FAA estimates that this AD affects 29 engines installed on airplanes of U.S. registry. The FAA estimates the following costs to comply with this AD: Estimated Costs ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cost per Cost on U.S Action Labor cost Parts cost product operators ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Replace HPT stage 1 disk (25 engines). 8 work-hours x $85 per $78,797 $79,477 $1,986,925 hour = $680. Replace HPT stage 2 disk (4 engines).. 8 work-hours x $85 per 56,268 56,948 227,792 hour = $680. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Authority for This Rulemaking Title 49 of the United States Code specifies the FAA's authority to issue rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I, section 106, describes the authority of the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII: Aviation Programs, describes in more detail the scope of the Agency's authority. The FAA is issuing this rulemaking under the authority described in Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart III, Section 44701: General requirements. Under that section, Congress charges the FAA with promoting safe flight of civil aircraft in air commerce by prescribing regulations for practices, methods, and procedures the Administrator finds necessary for safety in air commerce. This regulation is within the scope of that authority because it addresses an unsafe condition that is likely to exist or develop on products identified in this rulemaking action. Regulatory Findings This AD will not have federalism implications under Executive Order 13132. This AD will not have a substantial direct effect on the States, on the relationship between the national government and the States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government. For the reasons discussed above, I certify that this AD: (1) Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under Executive Order 12866, (2) Will not affect intrastate aviation in Alaska, and (3) Will not have a significant economic impact, positive or negative, on a substantial number of small entities under the criteria of the Regulatory Flexibility Act. List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39 Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation safety, Incorporation by reference, Safety. The Amendment Accordingly, under the authority delegated to me by the Administrator, the FAA amends 14 CFR part 39 as follows: PART 39--AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES 0 1. The authority citation for part 39 continues to read as follows: Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701. Sec. 39.13 [Amended] 0 2. The FAA amends Sec. 39.13 by adding the following new airworthiness directive: 2024-12-03 CFE Company: Amendment 39-22767; Docket No. FAA-2024- 0461; Project Identifier AD-2023-00994-E. (a) Effective Date This airworthiness directive (AD) is effective August 13, 2024. (b) Affected ADs None. (c) Applicability This AD applies to CFE Company (CFE) Model CFE738-1-1B engines with an installed high-pressure turbine (HPT) stage 1 disk or HPT stage 2 disk with a part number (P/N) and serial number (S/N) identified in Section 1. Planning Information, paragraph E. Compliance, Tables 2 and 3 of CFE Service [[Page 56195]] Bulletin (SB) CFE738-72-A8082, dated July 4, 2023 (CFE738-72-A8082). (d) Subject Joint Aircraft System Component (JASC) Code 7250, Turbine Section. (e) Unsafe Condition This AD was prompted by a manufacturer investigation that revealed certain HPT stage 1 disks and HPT stage 2 disks were manufactured from powder metal material suspected to contain iron inclusion. The FAA is issuing this AD to prevent premature fracture and consequent uncontained failure. The unsafe condition, if not addressed, could result in uncontained debris release, damage to the engine, and damage to the airplane. (f) Compliance Comply with this AD within the compliance times specified, unless already done. (g) Required Actions At the applicable times specified in paragraphs (g)(1) and (2) of this AD, remove each affected HPT stage 1 disk and HPT stage 2 disk from service and replace with a part eligible for installation, in accordance with steps (1) through (9) in paragraph B. of the Accomplishment Instructions of CFE738-72-A8082. (1) For affected HPT stage 1 disks, at the next piece-part exposure or before exceeding 2,450 cycles since new (CSN), whichever occurs first. (2) For affected HPT stage 2 disks, at the next piece-part exposure or before exceeding 2,930 CSN, whichever occurs first. (h) Definition For the purpose of this AD: (1) A ``part eligible for installation'' is any HPT stage 1 disk or HPT stage 2 disk with a P/N and S/N that is not identified in Section 1. Planning Information, paragraph E. Compliance, Tables 2 and 3 of CFE738-72-A8082. (2) ``Piece-part exposure'' is when the affected part is removed from the engine. (i) Alternative Methods of Compliance (AMOCs) (1) The Manager, AIR-520 Continued Operational Safety Branch, FAA, has the authority to approve AMOCs for this AD, if requested using the procedures found in 14 CFR 39.19. In accordance with 14 CFR 39.19, send your request to your principal inspector or local Flight Standards District Office, as appropriate. If sending information directly to the manager of the AIR-520 Continued Operational Safety Branch, send it to the attention of the person identified in paragraph (j) of this AD and email to: [email protected]. (2) Before using any approved AMOC, notify your appropriate principal inspector, or lacking a principal inspector, the manager of the local flight standards district office/certificate holding district office. (j) Related Information For more information about this AD, contact Alexei Marqueen, Aviation Safety Engineer, FAA, 2200 South 216th Steet, Des Moines, WA 98198; phone: (781) 238-7178; email: [email protected]. (k) Material Incorporated by Reference (1) The Director of the Federal Register approved the incorporation by reference (IBR) of the material listed in this paragraph under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. (2) You must use this material as applicable to do the actions required by this AD, unless the AD specifies otherwise. (i) CFE Service Bulletin CFE738-72-A8082, dated July 4, 2023. (ii) [Reserved] (3) For CFE material, contact CFE Company, 111 S 34th Street, Phoenix, AZ 85034; phone: (800) 601-3099; email: [email protected]; website: aerospace.honeywell.com. (4) You may view this material at the FAA, Airworthiness Products Section, Operational Safety Branch, 1200 District Avenue, Burlington, MA 01803. For information on the availability of this material at the FAA, call (817) 222-5110. (5) You may view this material at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, visit www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations or email [email protected]. Issued on June 11, 2024. Suzanne Masterson, Deputy Director, Integrated Certificate Management Division, Aircraft Certification Service. [FR Doc. 2024-14939 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4910-13-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:56.984834

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14868

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Rules and Regulations] [Pages 56195-56198] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14868] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Federal Aviation Administration 14 CFR Part 39 [Docket No. FAA-2024-0757; Project Identifier MCAI-2023-01205-T; Amendment 39-22765; AD 2024-12-01] RIN 2120-AA64 Airworthiness Directives; Airbus SAS Airplanes AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The FAA is superseding Airworthiness Directive (AD) 2022-14- 10, which applied to certain Airbus SAS Model A318 series airplanes; Model A319-111, -112, -113, -114, -115, -131, -132, and -133 airplanes; Model A320-211, -212, -214, -216, -231, -232, and -233 airplanes; and Model A321-111, -112, -131, -211, -212, -213, -231, and -232 airplanes. AD 2022-14-10 required repetitive inspections for cracking of the radius of the front spar vertical stringers and the horizontal floor beam on a certain frame (FR), repetitive inspections for cracking of the fastener holes of the front spar vertical stringers on that frame, and repair if necessary. AD 2022-14-10 also provided, for certain airplanes, a modification of the center wing box area that terminates the repetitive inspections under certain conditions. Since the FAA issued AD 2022-14-10, an additional airplane model has been identified that is also subject to the unsafe condition. This AD continues to require the actions in AD 2022-14-10 and adds Model A321-271N airplanes to the applicability, as specified in a European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) AD, which is incorporated by reference (IBR). The FAA is issuing this AD to address the unsafe condition on these products. DATES: This AD is effective August 13, 2024. The Director of the Federal Register approved the incorporation by reference of a certain publication listed in this AD as of August 13, 2024. ADDRESSES: AD Docket: You may examine the AD docket at regulations.gov under Docket No. FAA-2024-0757; or in person at Docket Operations between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. The AD docket contains this final rule, the mandatory continuing airworthiness information (MCAI), any comments received, and other information. The address for Docket Operations is U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, M-30, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20590. Material Incorporated by Reference: For EASA material, contact EASA, Konrad-Adenauer-Ufer 3, 50668 Cologne, Germany; telephone +49 221 8999 000; email [email protected]; website easa.europa.eu. You may find this material on the EASA website at ad.easa.europa.eu. You may view this material at the FAA, Airworthiness Products Section, Operational Safety Branch, 2200 South 216th St., Des Moines, WA. For information on the availability of this material at the FAA, call 206-231-3195. It is also available at regulations.gov under Docket No. FAA-2024-0757. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Timothy Dowling, Aviation Safety Engineer, FAA, 1600 Stewart Avenue, Suite 410, Westbury, NY 11590; telephone 206-231-3667; email [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: [[Page 56196]] Background The FAA issued a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) to amend 14 CFR part 39 to supersede AD 2022-14-10, Amendment 39-22115 (87 FR 42315, July 15, 2022), (AD 2022-14-10). AD 2022-14-10 applied to certain Airbus SAS Model A318 series airplanes; Model A319-111, -112, - 113, -114, -115, -131, -132, and -133 airplanes; Model A320-211, -212, -214, -216, -231, -232, and -233 airplanes; and Model A321-111, -112, - 131, -211, -212, -213, -231, and -232 airplanes. AD 2022-14-10 required repetitive inspections for cracking of the radius of the front spar vertical stringers and the horizontal floor beam on FR 36, repetitive inspections for cracking of the fastener holes of the front spar vertical stringers on FR 36, and repair if necessary, and, for certain airplanes, a potential terminating action modification of the center wing box area. The FAA issued AD 2022-14-10 to address fatigue cracking of the front spar vertical stringers on the wings, which, if not corrected, could result in reduced structural integrity of the airplane. The NPRM published in the Federal Register on March 22, 2024 (89 FR 20364). The NPRM was prompted by AD 2023-0205, dated November 21, 2023 (EASA AD 2023-0205) (also referred to as the MCAI), issued by EASA, which is the Technical Agent for the Member States of the European Union. The MCAI states that analysis of the full-scale certification fatigue testing findings indicated that Model A321-271N airplanes are also subject to the unsafe condition. Fatigue cracking of the front spar vertical stringers on the wings, if not detected and corrected, could lead to crack propagation, possibly resulting in reduced structural integrity of the airplane. In the NPRM, the FAA proposed to continue to require the actions in AD 2022-14-10 and add Model A321-271N airplanes to the applicability, as specified in EASA AD 2023-0205. The FAA is issuing this AD to address the unsafe condition on these products. You may examine the MCAI in the AD docket at regulations.gov under Docket No. FAA-2024-0757. Discussion of Final Airworthiness Directive Comments The FAA received a comment from United Airlines who supported the NPRM without change. Additional Changes Made to This AD The FAA added paragraphs (h)(5) and (6) of this AD to clarify who can provide approval instructions for certain actions. These paragraphs correspond to actions retained from AD 2022-14-10 and were inadvertently omitted from the proposed AD. Conclusion This product has been approved by the aviation authority of another country and is approved for operation in the United States. Pursuant to the FAA's bilateral agreement with this State of Design Authority, it has notified the FAA of the unsafe condition described in the MCAI referenced above. The FAA reviewed the relevant data, considered the comment received, and determined that air safety requires adopting this AD as proposed. Accordingly, the FAA is issuing this AD to address the unsafe condition on this product. Except for minor editorial changes, and any other changes described previously, this AD is adopted as proposed in the NPRM. None of the changes will increase the economic burden on any operator. Related Service Information Under 1 CFR Part 51 EASA AD 2023-0205 specifies procedures for repetitive special detailed inspections for cracking of the radius of the front spar vertical stringers, horizontal floor beam radius and fastener holes of the front spear vertical stringers on FR 36, and for installing new fasteners. EASA AD 2023-0205 further describes procedures for repetitive high frequency eddy current (HFEC) inspections for cracking of the horizontal floor beam, repetitive HFEC inspections for cracking of the fastener holes of the front spar vertical stringers on FR 36, repetitive rototest inspections of the fastener holes of the spar vertical stringers, and repair. EASA AD 2023-0205 also describes procedures for the modification of the center wing box area. The modification is required for airplanes in configuration 1, 2 or 3; and for airplanes in configuration 5, 6, or 7, the modification is optional and is a terminating action for the repetitive inspections when done within a specified time frame. The modification includes related investigative and corrective actions. Related investigative actions include an HFEC inspection on the radius of the rib flanges, a rototest inspection of the fastener holes, detailed and HFEC inspections for cracking on the cut edges, detailed and rototest inspections on all open fastener holes, and an inspection to determine if secondary structure brackets are installed. Corrective actions include rework of the secondary structure bracket and repair. This service information is reasonably available because the interested parties have access to it through their normal course of business or by the means identified in the ADDRESSES section. Costs of Compliance The FAA estimates that this AD affects 1,755 airplanes of U.S. registry. The FAA estimates the following costs to comply with this AD: Estimated Costs for Required Actions ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cost on U.S. Action Labor cost Parts cost Cost per product operators ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Inspection, per inspection cycle 25 work-hours x Up to $100........ Up to $2,225...... Up to $3,904,875. $85 per hour = $2,125. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Estimated Costs for Optional Actions ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Labor cost Parts cost Cost per product ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Up to 409 work-hours x $85 per Up to $66,050..... Up to $100,815. hour = Up to $34,765. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ The FAA has received no definitive data on which to base the cost estimates for the on-condition actions specified in this AD. Authority for This Rulemaking Title 49 of the United States Code specifies the FAA's authority to issue rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I, section 106, describes the authority of the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII: Aviation Programs, describes in more [[Page 56197]] detail the scope of the Agency's authority. The FAA is issuing this rulemaking under the authority described in Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart III, Section 44701: General requirements. Under that section, Congress charges the FAA with promoting safe flight of civil aircraft in air commerce by prescribing regulations for practices, methods, and procedures the Administrator finds necessary for safety in air commerce. This regulation is within the scope of that authority because it addresses an unsafe condition that is likely to exist or develop on products identified in this rulemaking action. Regulatory Findings The FAA determined that this AD will not have federalism implications under Executive Order 13132. This AD will not have a substantial direct effect on the States, on the relationship between the national government and the States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government. For the reasons discussed above, I certify that this AD: (1) Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under Executive Order 12866, (2) Will not affect intrastate aviation in Alaska, and (3) Will not have a significant economic impact, positive or negative, on a substantial number of small entities under the criteria of the Regulatory Flexibility Act. List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39 Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation safety, Incorporation by reference, Safety. The Amendment Accordingly, under the authority delegated to me by the Administrator, the FAA amends 14 CFR part 39 as follows: PART 39--AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES 0 1. The authority citation for part 39 continues to read as follows: Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701. Sec. 39.13 [Amended] 0 2. The FAA amends Sec. 39.13 by: 0 a. Removing Airworthiness Directive (AD) 2022-14-10, Amendment 39-22115 (87 FR 42315, July 15, 2022); and 0 b. Adding the following new AD: 2024-12-01 Airbus SAS: Amendment 39-22765; Docket No. FAA-2024-0757; Project Identifier MCAI-2023-01205-T. (a) Effective Date This airworthiness directive (AD) is effective August 13, 2024. (b) Affected ADs This AD replaces AD 2022-14-10, Amendment 39-22115 (87 FR 42315, July 15, 2022) (AD 2022-14-10). (c) Applicability This AD applies to the Airbus SAS airplanes identified in paragraphs (c)(1) through (4) of this AD, certificated in any category, as identified in European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) AD 2023-0205, dated November 21, 2023 (EASA AD 2023-0205). (1) Model A318-111, -112, -121, and -122 airplanes. (2) Model A319-111, -112, -113, -114, -115, -131, -132, and -133 airplanes. (3) Model A320-211, -212, -214, -216, -231, -232, and -233 airplanes. (4) Model A321-111, -112, -131, -211, -212, -213, -231, -232, and -271N airplanes. (d) Subject Air Transport Association (ATA) of America Code 57, Wings. (e) Unsafe Condition This AD was prompted by a report that, during a center fuselage certification full-scale fatigue test, cracks were found on the front spar vertical stringer at a certain frame. This AD was also prompted by a determination that Model A321 airplanes that have incorporated modification 160021 are also subject to the unsafe condition. The FAA is issuing this AD to address fatigue cracking of the front spar vertical stringers on the wings. The unsafe condition, if not addressed, could result in reduced structural integrity of the airplane. (f) Compliance Comply with this AD within the compliance times specified, unless already done. (g) Requirements Except as specified in paragraph (h) of this AD: Comply with all required actions and compliance times specified in, and in accordance with, EASA AD 2023-0205. (h) Exceptions to EASA AD 2023-0205 (1) Where EASA AD 2023-0205 refers to ``22 November 2021 [the effective date of EASA AD 2021-0241],'' this AD requires using August 19, 2022 (the effective date of AD 2022-14-10). (2) Where EASA AD 2023-0205 refers to its effective date, this AD requires using the effective date of this AD. (3) This AD does not adopt the ``Remarks'' section of EASA AD 2023-0205. (4) Where paragraph (5) of EASA AD 2023-0205 specifies ``if any crack is found, before next flight, contact Airbus for approved corrective action instructions and accomplish those instructions accordingly,'' this AD requires replacing that text with ``if any crack is found, the crack must be repaired before further flight using a method approved by the Manager, International Validation Branch, FAA; or EASA; or Airbus SAS's EASA Design Organization Approval (DOA). If approved by the DOA, the approval must include the DOA-authorized signature.'' (5) Where paragraph (4) of EASA AD 2023-0205 specifies actions for airplanes repaired ``in accordance with instructions approved by EASA or approved under the authority of Airbus Design Organization Approval (DOA) privileges,'' this AD requires replacing that text with ``using a method approved by the Manager, International Validation Branch, FAA; or EASA; or Airbus SAS's EASA DOA. If approved by the DOA, the approval must include the DOA-authorized signature.'' (6) Where paragraph (9) of EASA AD 2023-0205 specifies approval ``by Airbus DOA,'' this AD requires replacing that text with ``by the Manager, International Validation Branch, FAA; or EASA; or Airbus SAS's EASA DOA. If approved by the DOA, the approval must include the DOA-authorized signature.'' (i) No Reporting Requirement Although the service information referenced in EASA AD 2023-0205 specifies to submit certain information to the manufacturer, this AD does not include that requirement. (j) Additional AD Provisions The following provisions also apply to this AD: (1) Alternative Methods of Compliance (AMOCs): The Manager, International Validation Branch, FAA, has the authority to approve AMOCs for this AD, if requested using the procedures found in 14 CFR 39.19. In accordance with 14 CFR 39.19, send your request to your principal inspector or responsible Flight Standards Office, as appropriate. If sending information directly to the manager of the International Validation Branch, mail it to the address identified in paragraph (k) of this AD. Information may be emailed to: [email protected]. Before using any approved AMOC, notify your appropriate principal inspector, or lacking a principal inspector, the manager of the responsible Flight Standards Office. (2) Contacting the Manufacturer: For any requirement in this AD to obtain instructions from a manufacturer, the instructions must be accomplished using a method approved by the Manager, International Validation Branch, FAA; or EASA; or Airbus SAS's EASA Design Organization Approval (DOA). If approved by the DOA, the approval must include the DOA-authorized signature. (3) Required for Compliance (RC): Except as required by paragraph (j)(2) of this AD, if any service information contains procedures or tests that are identified as RC, those procedures and tests must be done to comply with this AD; any procedures or tests that are not identified as RC are recommended. Those procedures and tests that are not identified as RC may be deviated from using accepted methods in accordance with the operator's maintenance or inspection program without obtaining approval of an AMOC, provided the procedures and tests identified as RC can be done and the airplane can be put back in an airworthy condition. Any substitutions or changes to procedures or tests identified as RC require approval of an AMOC. [[Page 56198]] (k) Additional Information For more information about this AD, contact Timothy Dowling, Aviation Safety Engineer, FAA, 1600 Stewart Avenue, Suite 410, Westbury, NY 11590; telephone 206-231-3667; email [email protected]. (l) Material Incorporated by Reference (1) The Director of the Federal Register approved the incorporation by reference (IBR) of the service information listed in this paragraph under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. (2) You must use this service information as applicable to do the actions required by this AD, unless this AD specifies otherwise. (i) European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) AD 2023-0205, dated November 21, 2023. (ii) [Reserved] (3) For EASA AD 2023-0205, contact EASA, Konrad-Adenauer-Ufer 3, 50668 Cologne, Germany; telephone +49 221 8999 000; email [email protected]; website easa.europa.eu. You may find this EASA AD on the EASA website at ad.easa.europa.eu. (4) You may view this service information at the FAA, Airworthiness Products Section, Operational Safety Branch, 2200 South 216th St., Des Moines, WA. For information on the availability of this material at the FAA, call 206-231-3195. (5) You may view this material at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, visit www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations, or email [email protected]. Issued on June 5, 2024. Suzanne Masterson, Deputy Director, Integrated Certificate Management Division, Aircraft Certification Service. [FR Doc. 2024-14868 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4910-13-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:57.063509

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14936

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Rules and Regulations] [Pages 56198-56203] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14936] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Federal Aviation Administration 14 CFR Part 39 [Docket No. FAA-2023-1640; Project Identifier AD-2022-00283-E; Amendment 39-22768; AD 2024-12-04] RIN 2120-AA64 Airworthiness Directives; Pratt & Whitney Engines AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The FAA is adopting a new airworthiness directive (AD) for all Pratt & Whitney (PW) Model PW2037, PW2037M, and PW2040 engines with a certain high-pressure turbine (HPT) 2nd stage blade assembly installed. This AD was prompted by an in-flight shutdown (IFSD) caused by the fracture of HPT 2nd stage turbine hub assembly lugs, which resulted in blade liberation and a titanium fire in the high-pressure compressor (HPC). This AD requires a visual inspection of the HPT 2nd stage blade assemblies for missing contact marks, a dimensional shadowgraph inspection of the HPT 2nd stage blade assemblies for blade root profile dimensional deviations, and an eddy current inspection (ECI) of the HPT 2nd stage turbine hub assembly for conforming slot flatness. This AD also requires removal from service and replacement of any HPT 2nd stage turbine hub assembly or HPT 2nd stage blade assembly that does not pass any inspection. The FAA is issuing this AD to address the unsafe condition on these products. DATES: This AD is effective August 13, 2024. The Director of the Federal Register approved the incorporation by reference of a certain publication listed in this AD as of August 13, 2024. ADDRESSES: AD Docket: You may examine the AD docket at regulations.gov under Docket No. FAA-2023-1640; or in person at Docket Operations between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. The AD docket contains this final rule, any comments received, and other information. The address for Docket Operations is U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, M-30, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20590. Material Incorporated by Reference: For service information, contact Pratt & Whitney, 400 Main Street, East Hartford, CT 06118; phone: (860) 565-0140; email: [email protected]; website: connect.prattwhitney.com. You may view this service information at the FAA, Airworthiness Products Section, 1200 District Avenue, Burlington, MA 01803. For information on the availability of this material at the FAA, call (817) 222-5110. It is also available at regulations.gov under Docket No. FAA-2023-1640. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Carol Nguyen, Aviation Safety Engineer, FAA, 2200 South 216th Street, Des Moines, WA 98198; phone: (781) 238-7655; email: [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background The FAA issued a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) to amend 14 CFR part 39 by adding an AD that would apply to all PW Model PW2037, PW2037M, and PW2040 engines with a certain HPT 2nd stage blade assembly installed. The NPRM published in the Federal Register on August 25, 2023 (88 FR 58114). The NPRM was prompted by an IFSD caused by the fracture of HPT 2nd stage turbine hub assembly lugs, which resulted in blade liberation and a titanium fire in the HPC. In the NPRM, the FAA proposed to require a visual inspection of the HPT 2nd stage blade assemblies for missing contact marks, a dimensional shadowgraph inspection of the HPT 2nd stage blade assemblies for blade root profile dimensional deviations, and an ECI of the HPT 2nd stage turbine hub assembly for conforming slot flatness. The NPRM also proposed to require removal from service and replacement of any HPT 2nd stage turbine hub assembly or HPT 2nd stage blade assembly that does not pass any inspection. The FAA is issuing this AD to address the unsafe condition on these products. Discussion of Final Airworthiness Directive Comments The FAA received comments from six commenters. The commenters were The Boeing Company (Boeing), Delta Air Lines (Delta), European Air Transport (EAT), FedEx Express (FedEx), MTU Maintenance Hannover GmbH (MTU), and United Parcel Service (UPS). Boeing supported the NPRM without change. The following presents the comments received from Delta, EAT, FedEx, MTU, and UPS on the NPRM and the FAA's response to each comment. Request To Exempt Certain Hubs From NPRM Cycle Limit Delta requested that the FAA allow hubs with an ECI performed on 25% of the blade slots to be inspected in accordance with the updated dimensional ECI procedure at the next piece part exposure of the HPT 2nd stage turbine hub assembly, rather than being inspected within the cycle limit of the NPRM. Delta noted that Method 2, Step 4 in PW Alert Service Bulletin PW2000 A72-777, Initial Issue, dated September 29, 2021 (PW2000 A72-777, Initial Issue) requires that HPT 2nd stage turbine hub assemblies be installed that have passed the HPT 2nd stage turbine hub assembly ECI inspection specified in PW2000 Engine Manual, Task 72-52-16-200-006, but does not provide guidance on the required amount of slots to be inspected. Delta also noted that in the beginning of the HPT Field Management Program for this unsafe condition and [[Page 56199]] prior to the updated ECI procedure being released for the HPT 2nd stage turbine hub assembly, T2 blades were inspected for conformance and installed into HPT 2nd stage turbine hub assemblies that were made serviceable with previous ECI instructions specified in the PW2000 Engine Manual, where only 16 out of 64 (25%) slots were required to be eddy current inspected. The FAA disagrees with the request because there is a higher probability of identifying damage to the hub when 100% of the slots are inspected. Additionally, allowing hubs that have had an ECI performed on 25% of blade slots to wait until the next piece-part exposure for the updated ECI would increase the risk of failure. The FAA removed previous credit for PW2000 A72-777, Initial Issue, to ensure only HPT 2nd stage turbine hub assemblies with ECI performed on 100% of the blade slots comply with this AD. However, once this AD is published, any person may request approval of an alternative method of compliance (AMOC) under the provisions of paragraph (i) of this AD. The FAA did not change this AD as a result of this comment. Request To Clarify Applicability for Hubs Divorced From Mating Blades Delta requested that the FAA provide guidance on whether hubs that were divorced from their mating blades and do not have the required inspection results are exempt from the requirements of the NPRM, provided that the replacement set of blades to be installed are conforming to the visual and shadowgraph inspection requirements of PW Alert Service Bulletin PW2000 A72-777, Revision 2, dated April 11, 2023 (PW2000 A72-777, Rev. 2). Delta stated that there is no way to perform the actions required in the NPRM and PW2000 A72-777, Rev. 2 to determine serviceability related to this unsafe condition for piece part hubs that were already divorced from their mating blades because previously installed blades were not traced and may have already gone through overhaul process or were scrapped. Delta noted that after overhaul or scrapping of blades, visual contact patterns and blade profile are no longer available for inspection. The FAA agrees that clarification is necessary. Hubs that are divorced from their mating blades are not exempt from the requirements of this final rule and are considered unserviceable, and therefore no exemption is necessary. The FAA did not change this AD as a result of this comment. Request To Define Methodology for Returning Hub to Service Delta requested that the FAA define the methodology for returning a hub to service using Section 1, Step 1.E. of PW2000 A72-777, Rev. 2, and as it relates to previous methods of compliance in previous revisions and previous PW Special Instructions (SIs). Delta noted that Section 1, Step 1.E. of PW2000 A72-777, Rev. 2 states that if an HPT 2nd stage blade assembly fails the visual inspection as specified in Step 1.B., all related HPT 2nd stage blade assemblies pass the shadowgraph inspection as specified in Step 1.C., and the related HPT 2nd stage hub assembly passes the ECI as specified in Step 1.D, the HPT 2nd Stage Blade Assemblies could be returned to P&W Customer Technical Service for additional inspection to identify the hub serviceability. Delta also noted that PW provided Pratt and Whitney Cover E.A. No. 22FA014, dated 26 October 2022, to accept these hubs into service. The FAA disagrees with the request. The FAA notes that while Section 1, Step 1.E. of PW2000 A72-777, Rev. 2 is an optional method to return the hubs to service, it is not an action required by this AD and, therefore, defining the methodology for returning a hub to service is unnecessary. The FAA did not change this AD as a result of this comment. Request To Clarify Requirements for Credit for Previous Actions Delta requested that the FAA clarify if the required for compliance (RC) steps listed in PW2000 A72-777, Rev. 2 carry over to the previous versions of the ASB and previous versions of the PW SIs in order to provide credit for previous actions. Alternatively, Delta requested that the FAA provide the specific steps from each of the previous service information documents that are required in order to receive credit for previous actions. Delta noted that none of the previous revisions of the service information contain RC steps, which could cause confusion to operators regarding whether to request an AMOC for deviations from those instructions. The FAA agrees to revise paragraph (h) of the final rule by removing PW2000 A72-777, Initial Issue, and instead including PW SI NO. 62F-21, dated June 7, 2021, PW SI NO. 62F-21A, dated October 4, 2021, PW SI NO. 73F-21, Revision A, dated September 29, 2021 (SI NO. 73F-21, Rev. A), and PW SI NO. 73F-21, Initial Issue, dated April 6, 2021 (SI NO. 73F-21, Initial Issue). Request To Add Service Information for Shadowgraph Inspections Delta requested that the FAA revise the NPRM to allow the shadowgraph inspections of the hub to be performed in accordance with all previous revisions to PW SI NO. 78F-21, Revision F, dated June 13, 2022 (SI NO. 78F-21, Rev. F). Delta noted that PW Alert Service Bulletin PW2000 A72-777, Revision 1, dated December 21, 2022 (PW2000 A72-777, Rev. 1) and PW2000 A72-777, Rev. 2 refer to ``SI 78F-21, Rev F released 6/13/2022 or later revision,'' and previous revisions of SI NO. 78F-21 are permitted by PW2000 A72-777, Initial Issue. Delta also noted that several of the PW SI revisions were issued prior to PW2000 A72-777, Initial Issue. The FAA disagrees with the request to allow the shadowgraph inspections of the hub to be performed in accordance with previous revisions of SI NO. 78F-21. SI NO. 78F-21, Rev. F already provides previous credit for previous revisions, which makes it unnecessary to provide credit for actions done using the previous revisions. The FAA did not change this AD as a result of this comment. Request To Add Service Information for Visual Inspections Delta requested that the FAA revise the NPRM to allow the visual inspections of the hub for contact marks to be performed in accordance with SI NO. 73F-21, Initial Issue. Delta noted that PW2000 A72-777, Rev. 2 refers to ``SI 73F-21, Rev A released 9/29/2021 or later revision,'' and SI NO. 73F-21, Initial Issue is permitted per PW2000 A72-777. Delta also noted that several of the PW SI revisions were issued prior to PW2000 A72-777. The FAA agrees with the request and has revised paragraph (h) of this AD to include credit for actions done in accordance with SI NO. 73F-21, Initial Issue. Request To Clarify Means To Accept New Blades Delta requested that the FAA revise the NPRM to clarify that communication from PW may be used as a means to accept new blades that meet the intent of SI NO. 78F-21, Initial Issue and later revisions. Delta noted that they have been using EagleNet Cases from PW for new blades where the intent of SI NO. 78F-21, Initial Issue and later revisions was accomplished. Delta also noted that PW does not include SI NO. 78F-21, Initial Issue or later revisions on the form FAA 8130-3 for new blades, and the markings on the blades are not always listed. [[Page 56200]] The FAA disagrees with the request. The FAA notes that this AD already refers to PW2000 A72-777, Rev. 2, as the appropriate service information, which also references SI NO. 78F-21, Rev. F. Additionally, SI NO. 78F-21, Rev. F allows credit for communications from PW as a means to accept new blades that meet the intent of SI NO. 78F-21, Initial Issue and later revisions. The FAA did not change this AD as a result of this comment. Request To Clarify Typographical Error in Service Information Delta requested that the FAA comment or provide guidance related to on a typographical error contained in the header of pages 3 through 8 of SI NO. 73F-21, Revision B, dated April 10, 2023 (SI NO. 73F-21, Rev. B). The typographical error incorrectly lists the document as Special Instruction No. 73F-21 A. The FAA acknowledges that there is a typographical error contained in the header of pages 3 through 8 of SI NO. 73F-21, Rev. B which incorrectly lists the document as Special Instruction No. 73F-21 A. However, the typographical error does not change the content of the document, which is only allowed as credit for actions accomplished prior to the effective date of this AD. Additionally, after the effective date of this AD, the appropriate service information for the required actions is PW2000 A72-777 R7, Rev. 2. The FAA did not change this AD as a result of this comment. Request To Add Credit Note to AD Delta requested that the FAA add the following note from SI NO. 73F-21, Rev. B to the NPRM; ``Accomplishment of PW2000 Engine Manual (Revision 131 or later) 72-52-17 Inspection/Check-14 is equivalent to the accomplishment of this Special Instruction 73F-21.'' Delta noted that since SI NO. 73F-21, Rev. B includes the PW2000 Engine Manual allowance, the same allowance should carry over to previous revisions of SI NO. 73F-21 that define the actions to correct the unsafe condition. The FAA disagrees with the request. Earlier revisions of SI NO. 73F-21 did not contain this note, and the note specifically applies to SI NO. 73F-21, Rev. B. Additionally, after the effective date of this AD, the appropriate service information for the required actions is PW2000 A72-777 R7, Rev. 2. The FAA did not change this AD as a result of this comment. Request To Clarify the Required Compliance Times EAT requested that the FAA update the NPRM to clarify that actions identified as ``RC'' in, and in accordance with, the Accomplishment Instructions of PW2000 A72-777, Rev. 2, are one-time actions. EAT inferred that without this clarification, engines would need to undergo the required inspections every 1,800 flight cycles, which would limit the on-wing time for all worldwide engines. FedEx requested that the FAA revise the NPRM to include a terminating action paragraph. FedEx pointed out that neither the NPRM nor the required service information explicitly state that the actions are one-time only. The FAA agrees to clarify. The actions required by this final rule are identified as ``RC'' in PW2000 A72-777, Rev. 2, which is the required service information. While not explicitly stated in either this final rule or the required service information, those actions are one-time only and have no stated repetitive compliance times. The FAA also notes that terminating action paragraphs are used specifically to terminate repetitive actions. However, the FAA is not mandating repetitive actions in this AD and, therefore, a terminating action paragraph is unnecessary. The FAA did not change this AD as a result of this comment. Request To Clarify Parts Eligible for Installation EAT requested that the FAA clarify that parts that were overhauled using the engine manual prior to the availability of PW2000 A72-777 should be eligible for installation. EAT noted that the NPRM and PW2000 A72-777, Rev. 2 do not mention HPT 2nd stage turbine hub assemblies which were repaired/overhauled before the initial issue of PW2000 A72- 777 in September 2021. EAT also noted that the parts were overhauled in accordance with the valid engine manual at that time and therefore serviceable and eligible for installation. The FAA agrees to clarify. Parts that were overhauled using the engine manual prior to the availability of PW2000 A72-777 are not eligible for installation. The FAA is publishing this AD to address a quality escape on the HPT 2nd stage blade assemblies. Removing the non- conforming blades and the corresponding HPT 2nd stage turbine hub from service is necessary to correct the unsafe condition. If the actions performed prior to the effective date of this AD do not meet the definition of a part eligible for installation, the part cannot be installed on an engine. Additionally, the FAA has included credit for previous actions, using certain service information, in paragraph (h) of this AD, provided that those actions were done before the effective date of this AD. The FAA did not change this AD as a result of this comment. Request To Reduce Inspection Requirements for Certain Hub Assemblies EAT requested that the FAA revise the NPRM to allow HPT 2nd stage turbine hub assemblies removed prior to the initial issue of PW2000 A72-777 to pass only the 100% lug ECI inspection, instead of requiring all blades previously installed on the hub to pass the visual and shadowgraph inspection. EAT pointed out that the requirement for all blades to pass the visual and shadowgraph inspections was not a mandatory action at that time. The FAA disagrees with the request. In order to correct the unsafe condition, the HPT 2nd stage blade assemblies with part number (P/N) 1B7522 must pass the visual and shadowgraph inspections in order to be considered a part eligible for installation. Additionally, the serviceability of the HPT 2nd stage turbine hub assembly is dependent on the blade assemblies passing the visual and shadowgraph inspections. If the blade assemblies do not pass those inspections, then the HPT 2nd stage turbine hub assembly also does not pass and becomes unserviceable. The FAA did not change this AD as a result of this comment. Request To Clarify Guidance on Early Inspections Using Engine Manual FedEx requested that the FAA revise paragraph (g) of the proposed AD and PW2000 A72-777, Rev. 2, Section 2, Paragraph 1.B. to provide guidance for operators that began conducting inspections early in collaboration with the engine manufacturer. FedEx noted that the general visual inspection requirement for blades installed on engines with serial numbers listed in Table 1 on page 9 of PW2000 A72-777, Rev. 2 is waived by a Note in Section 2, Paragraph 1.B. of PW2000 A72-777, Rev. 2. FedEx also noted that some engines were inspected before the initial release of PW2000 A72-777, before the release of earlier revisions of the SI, or per existing instructions for continued airworthiness that were published at the time which makes it impossible to directly claim compliance with the actions identified as ``RC'' within the Accomplishment Instructions of PW2000 A72-777, Rev. 2. FedEx also provided the following example: some [[Page 56201]] engines were inspected per PW2000 Engine Manual 72-52-15, Insp/Chk -06 (Firtree ECI) and 72-52-17, Insp/Chk -14 (blade shadowgraph) in the period between February, 2021 and September, 2021 (prior to their October 1, 2021 revision date). The FAA agrees to provide guidance for operators that performed early inspections in collaboration with the engine manufacturer. Credit for compliance with the Firtree ECI can only be claimed if 100% of the slots were inspected. Credit may not be claimed for the previous ECI of the HPT T2 hub slots for the period between February 2021 and September 2021 because those instructions only required 25% of the slots to be inspected, which does not fully mitigate the unsafe condition. The FAA notes that the final field management plan to address this unsafe condition is described in this AD. The FAA did not change this AD as a result of this comment. Request To Clarify Inspections for Mixed Blade Engines MTU requested that the FAA clarify how to address inspections for engines that have a mix of affected and unaffected HPT 2nd stage blade assemblies installed. MTU notes that PW2000 SB 72-775 allows interchangeability of old and new blade assemblies (differentiated by P/N). MTU also inferred that the NPRM is not applicable to an engine which has installed all 64 HPT 2nd stage blade assemblies having P/N 1B8722 in post PW2000 SB 72-775 configuration. Engines with a mix of affected and unaffected HPT 2nd stage blade assemblies installed must perform the required inspections on the affected blades having P/N 1B7522 only, and 100% of the HPT T2 hub slots. HPT T2 hubs that fail the ECI on any slot must be removed from service. P/N 1B8722 blade assemblies are not required to perform the inspections required by this AD. If an engine has 64 HPT 2nd stage blade assemblies having P/N 1B8722 installed, then this AD is not applicable to that engine. The FAA did not change this AD as a result of this comment. Request To Clarify Credit for Inspections Using Initial Release of SI NO. 73F-21 MTU requested that the FAA provide credit for previous actions done in accordance with SI NO. 73F-21, Initial Issue, dated April 6, 2021, or earlier. The FAA agrees with the request and has updated paragraph (h) of this AD to provide credit for the required actions done before the effective date of this AD using SI NO. 78F-21, dated April 12, 2021. However, operators that prefer to address the unsafe condition by means other than those specified in the referenced service information may request an AMOC in accordance with paragraph (i) of this AD. Request To Change Compliance Time UPS requested that the FAA revise the NPRM to allow a longer compliance time. UPS noted that PW part shortages and supply chain constraints have resulted in long lead times. UPS also stated that the required compliance times are not adequate to maintain PW2000 engine spare levels, which would negatively impact UPS operations. The FAA disagrees with the request to allow a longer compliance time in this AD. In developing an appropriate compliance time, the FAA considered the urgency associated with the subject unsafe condition, the availability of required parts, and the practical aspect of accomplishing the required modification within a period of time that corresponds to the normal scheduled maintenance for most affected operators. The FAA has determined that the compliance time provides an acceptable level of safety. However, under the provisions of paragraph (i) of this AD, the FAA will consider requests for an extension of the compliance time if sufficient data are submitted to substantiate that the change would provide an acceptable level of safety. The FAA did not change this AD as a result of this comment. Conclusion The FAA reviewed the relevant data, considered any comments received, and determined that air safety requires adopting this AD as proposed. Accordingly, the FAA is issuing this AD to address the unsafe condition on these products. Except for minor editorial changes, and any other changes described previously, this AD is adopted as proposed in the NPRM. None of the changes will increase the economic burden on any operator. Related Service Information Under 1 CFR Part 51 The FAA reviewed PW2000 A72-777, Rev. 2, which specifies procedures for performing a visual inspection of the HPT 2nd stage blade assemblies for missing contact marks, dimensional shadowgraph inspection of the HPT 2nd stage blade assemblies for dimensional deviations, and an ECI of the HPT 2nd stage turbine hub assembly for conforming slot flatness. This service information also specifies removal from service of any HPT 2nd stage turbine hub assembly or HPT 2nd stage blade assembly that does not pass any inspection. This service information is reasonably available because the interested parties have access to it through their normal course of business or by the means identified in ADDRESSES. Costs of Compliance The FAA estimates that this AD affects 425 engines installed on airplanes of U.S. registry. The FAA estimates the following costs to comply with this AD: Estimated Costs ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cost per Cost on U.S. Action Labor cost Parts cost product operators ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ECI of the HPT 2nd stage turbine hub 8 work-hours x $85 per $0 $680 $289,000 assembly. hour = $680. Visual Inspection of the HPT 2nd stage 8 work-hours x $85 per 0 680 289,000 blade assembly. hour = $680. Dimensional shadowgraph inspection of 8 work-hours x $85 per 0 680 289,000 HPT 2nd stage blade assemblies. hour = $680. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The FAA estimates the following costs to do any necessary replacements that would be required based on the results of the inspections. The agency has no way of determining the number of aircraft that might need these replacements: [[Page 56202]] On-Condition Costs ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cost per Action Labor cost Parts cost product ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Replace HPT 2nd stage turbine hub assembly.... 0 work-hours x $85 per hour = $0 $456,000 $456,000 Replace HPT 2nd stage blade assembly.......... 0 work-hours x $85 per hour = $0 17,000 17,000 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Authority for This Rulemaking Title 49 of the United States Code specifies the FAA's authority to issue rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I, section 106, describes the authority of the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII: Aviation Programs, describes in more detail the scope of the Agency's authority. The FAA is issuing this rulemaking under the authority described in Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart III, Section 44701: General requirements. Under that section, Congress charges the FAA with promoting safe flight of civil aircraft in air commerce by prescribing regulations for practices, methods, and procedures the Administrator finds necessary for safety in air commerce. This regulation is within the scope of that authority because it addresses an unsafe condition that is likely to exist or develop on products identified in this rulemaking action. Regulatory Findings This AD will not have federalism implications under Executive Order 13132. This AD will not have a substantial direct effect on the States, on the relationship between the national government and the States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government. For the reasons discussed above, I certify that this AD: (1) Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under Executive Order 12866, (2) Will not affect intrastate aviation in Alaska, and (3) Will not have a significant economic impact, positive or negative, on a substantial number of small entities under the criteria of the Regulatory Flexibility Act. List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39 Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation safety, Incorporation by reference, Safety. The Amendment Accordingly, under the authority delegated to me by the Administrator, the FAA amends 14 CFR part 39 as follows: PART 39--AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES 0 1. The authority citation for part 39 continues to read as follows: Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701. Sec. 39.13 [Amended] 0 2. The FAA amends Sec. 39.13 by adding the following new airworthiness directive: 2024-12-04 Pratt & Whitney: Amendment 39-22768; Docket No. FAA-2023- 1640; Project Identifier AD-2022-00283-E. (a) Effective Date This airworthiness directive (AD) is effective August 13, 2024. (b) Affected ADs None. (c) Applicability This AD applies to Pratt & Whitney (PW) Model PW2037, PW2037M, and PW2040 engines with a high-pressure turbine (HPT) 2nd stage blade assembly, part number (P/N) 1B7522 installed. (d) Subject Joint Aircraft System Component (JASC) Code 7250, Turbine Section. (e) Unsafe Condition This AD was prompted by an in-flight shutdown caused by the fracture of HPT 2nd stage turbine hub assembly lugs. The FAA is issuing this AD to prevent failure of the HPT 2nd stage turbine hub assembly lug and HPT 2nd stage blade assemblies. The unsafe condition, if not addressed, could result in the uncontained release of the HPT 2nd stage blade assemblies, damage to the engine, and damage to the airplane. (f) Compliance Comply with this AD within the compliance times specified, unless already done. (g) Required Actions Before exceeding the applicable compliance times specified in Planning Information, Compliance, page 2, of PW Alert Service Bulletin PW2000 A72-777, Revision 2, dated April 11, 2023 (PW2000 A72-777, Rev. 2), or before accumulating 500 cycles after the effective date of this AD, whichever occurs later, perform all applicable actions identified as ``RC'' (required for compliance) in, and in accordance with, the Accomplishment Instructions of PW2000 A72-777, Rev. 2. (h) Credit for Previous Actions You may take credit for the inspections required by paragraph (g) of this AD if you performed those inspections before the effective date of this AD using PW Alert Service Bulletin PW2000 A72-777, Revision 1, dated December 21, 2022, PW Special Instruction (SI) NO. 62F-21, Initial Issue, dated June 7, 2021, or PW SI NO. 62F-21A, dated October 4, 2021. You may take credit for the inspection specified in Section 1, paragraph 1.B. of the Accomplishment Instructions of PW2000 A72-777, Rev. 2, which is required by paragraph (g) of this AD, if you performed the inspection before the effective date of this AD using PW SI NO. 73F-21, Initial Issue, dated April 6, 2021, or PW SI NO. 73F-21, Revision A, dated September 29, 2021. (i) Alternative Methods of Compliance (AMOCs) (1) The Manager, AIR-520 Continued Operational Safety Branch, FAA, has the authority to approve AMOCs for this AD, if requested using the procedures found in 14 CFR 39.19. In accordance with 14 CFR 39.19, send your request to your principal inspector or local Flight Standards District Office, as appropriate. If sending information directly to the Manager, AIR-520 Continued Operational Safety Branch, send it to the attention of the person identified in paragraph (j) of this AD and email to: [email protected]. (2) Before using any approved AMOC, notify your appropriate principal inspector, or lacking a principal inspector, the manager of the local flight standards district office/certificate holding district office. (3) For service information that contains steps that are labeled as Required for Compliance (RC), the following provisions apply. (i) The steps labeled as RC, including substeps under an RC step and any figures identified in an RC step, must be done to comply with the AD. An AMOC is required for any deviations to RC steps, including substeps and identified figures. (ii) Steps not labeled as RC may be deviated from using accepted methods in accordance with the operator's maintenance or inspection program without obtaining approval of an AMOC, provided the RC steps, including substeps and identified figures, can still be done as specified, and the airplane can be put back in an airworthy condition. (j) Additional Information For more information about this AD, contact Carol Nguyen, Aviation Safety Engineer, FAA, 2200 South 216th Street, Des Moines, WA 98198; phone: (781) 238-7655; email: [email protected]. [[Page 56203]] (k) Material Incorporated by Reference (1) The Director of the Federal Register approved the incorporation by reference (IBR) of the service information listed in this paragraph under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. (2) You must use this service information as applicable to do the actions required by this AD, unless the AD specifies otherwise. (i) Pratt & Whitney Alert Service Bulletin PW2000 A72-777, Revision 2, dated April 11, 2023. (ii) [Reserved] (3) For Pratt & Whitney service information, contact Pratt & Whitney, 400 Main Street, East Hartford, CT 06118; phone: (800) 565- 0140; email: [email protected]; website: connect.prattwhitney.com. (4) You may view this service information at FAA, Airworthiness Products Section, Operational Safety Branch, 1200 District Avenue, Burlington, MA 01803. For information on the availability of this material at the FAA, call (817) 222-5110. (5) You may view this material at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, visit www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations or email [email protected]. Issued on June 11, 2024. Suzanne Masterson, Deputy Director, Integrated Certificate Management Division, Aircraft Certification Service. [FR Doc. 2024-14936 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4910-13-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:57.142447

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14867

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Rules and Regulations] [Pages 56203-56205] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14867] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Federal Aviation Administration 14 CFR Part 39 [Docket No. FAA-2024-0466; Project Identifier MCAI-2023-00862-T; Amendment 39-22766; AD 2024-12-02] RIN 2120-AA64 Airworthiness Directives; Airbus Canada Limited Partnership (Type Certificate Previously Held by C Series Aircraft Limited Partnership (CSALP); Bombardier, Inc.) Airplanes AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The FAA is adopting a new airworthiness directive (AD) for certain Airbus Canada Limited Partnership Model BD-500-1A10 and BD-500- 1A11 airplanes. This AD was prompted by production flight test findings of several oxygen masks disconnected from their accompanying portable oxygen bottles. This AD requires inspecting the portable oxygen bottles and reconnecting the masks to the accompanying portable oxygen bottles if not connected, as specified in a Transport Canada AD, which is incorporated by reference. The FAA is issuing this AD to address the unsafe condition on these products. DATES: This AD is effective August 13, 2024. The Director of the Federal Register approved the incorporation by reference of a certain publication listed in this AD as of August 13, 2024. ADDRESSES: AD Docket: You may examine the AD docket at regulations.gov under Docket No. FAA-2024-0466; or in person at Docket Operations between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. The AD docket contains this final rule, the mandatory continuing airworthiness information (MCAI), any comments received, and other information. The address for Docket Operations is U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, M-30, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20590. Material Incorporated by Reference: For Transport Canada material, contact Transport Canada, Transport Canada National Aircraft Certification, 159 Cleopatra Drive, Nepean, Ontario K1A 0N5, Canada; telephone 888-663-3639; email [email protected]; website tc.canada.ca/en/aviation. You may view this material at the FAA, Airworthiness Products Section, Operational Safety Branch, 2200 South 216th St., Des Moines, WA. For information on the availability of this material at the FAA, call 206-231-3195. It is also available in the AD docket at regulations.gov under Docket No. FAA-2024-0466. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Fatin Saumik, Aviation Safety Engineer, FAA, 1600 Stewart Avenue, Suite 410, Westbury, NY 11590; telephone 516-228-7300; email [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background The FAA issued a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) to amend 14 CFR part 39 by adding an AD that would apply to certain Airbus Canada Limited Partnership Model BD-500-1A10 and BD-500-1A11 airplanes. The NPRM published in the Federal Register on March 21, 2024 (89 FR 20139). The NPRM was prompted by AD CF-2023-52, dated July 12, 2023 (Transport Canada AD CF-2023-52) (also referred to as the MCAI), issued by Transport Canada, which is the aviation authority for Canada. The MCAI states that during production flight tests, several oxygen masks were found disconnected from their accompanying portable oxygen bottles. An investigation determined that servicing instructions sent to the supplier did not include reconnecting oxygen masks. Since the problem was discovered, proper procedures were sent to the supplier to reconnect the masks and bottles. If an oxygen mask is not connected to the accompanying portable oxygen bottle, oxygen will not be provided to the cabin crew and/or passengers during a sudden decompression above 10,000 feet or during a first aid situation. In the NPRM, the FAA proposed to require inspecting the portable oxygen bottles and reconnecting the masks to the accompanying portable oxygen bottles if not connected, as specified in Transport Canada AD CF-2023-52. The FAA is issuing this AD to address the unsafe condition on these products. You may examine the MCAI in the AD docket at regulations.gov under Docket No. FAA-2024-0466. Discussion of Final Airworthiness Directive Comments The FAA received no comments on the NPRM or on the determination of the cost to the public. Conclusion This product has been approved by the aviation authority of another country and is approved for operation in the United States. Pursuant to the FAA's bilateral agreement with this State of Design Authority, it has notified the FAA of the unsafe condition described in the MCAI referenced above. The FAA reviewed the relevant data and determined that air safety requires adopting this AD as proposed. Accordingly, the FAA is issuing this AD to address the unsafe condition on this product. Except for minor editorial changes, this AD is adopted as proposed in the NPRM. None of the changes will increase the economic burden on any operator. Related Service Information Under 1 CFR Part 51 Transport Canada AD CF-2023-52 specifies procedures for a general visual inspection (GVI) on portable oxygen bottles and reconnection of the mask to the accompanying portable oxygen bottles if not connected. This material is reasonably available because the interested parties have access to it through their normal course of business or by the means identified in the ADDRESSES section. [[Page 56204]] Costs of Compliance The FAA estimates that this AD affects 3 airplanes of U.S. registry. The FAA estimates the following costs to comply with this AD: Estimated Costs for Required Actions ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Labor cost Parts cost Cost per product Cost on U.S. operators ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Up to 1 work-hour x $85 per hour = Up to $0 Up to $85................. Up to $255. $85. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The FAA has included all known costs in its cost estimate. According to the manufacturer, however, some or all of the costs of this AD may be covered under warranty, thereby reducing the cost impact on affected operators. Authority for This Rulemaking Title 49 of the United States Code specifies the FAA's authority to issue rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I, section 106, describes the authority of the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII: Aviation Programs, describes in more detail the scope of the Agency's authority. The FAA is issuing this rulemaking under the authority described in Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart III, Section 44701: General requirements. Under that section, Congress charges the FAA with promoting safe flight of civil aircraft in air commerce by prescribing regulations for practices, methods, and procedures the Administrator finds necessary for safety in air commerce. This regulation is within the scope of that authority because it addresses an unsafe condition that is likely to exist or develop on products identified in this rulemaking action. Regulatory Findings This AD will not have federalism implications under Executive Order 13132. This AD will not have a substantial direct effect on the States, on the relationship between the national government and the States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government. For the reasons discussed above, I certify that this AD: (1) Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under Executive Order 12866, (2) Will not affect intrastate aviation in Alaska, and (3) Will not have a significant economic impact, positive or negative, on a substantial number of small entities under the criteria of the Regulatory Flexibility Act. List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39 Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation safety, Incorporation by reference, Safety. The Amendment Accordingly, under the authority delegated to me by the Administrator, the FAA amends 14 CFR part 39 as follows: PART 39--AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES 0 1. The authority citation for part 39 continues to read as follows: Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701. Sec. 39.13 [Amended] 0 2. The FAA amends Sec. 39.13 by adding the following new airworthiness directive: 2024-12-02 Airbus Canada Limited Partnership (Type Certificate Previously Held by C Series Aircraft Limited Partnership (CSALP); Bombardier, Inc.): Amendment 39-22766; Docket No. FAA-2024-0466; Project Identifier MCAI-2023-00862-T. (a) Effective Date This airworthiness directive (AD) is effective August 13, 2024. (b) Affected ADs None. (c) Applicability This AD applies to Airbus Canada Limited Partnership (Type Certificate previously held by C Series Aircraft Limited Partnership (CSALP); Bombardier, Inc.) Model BD-500-1A10 and BD-500-1A11 airplanes, certificated in any category, as identified in Transport Canada AD CF-2023-52, dated July 12, 2023 (Transport Canada AD CF- 2023-52). (d) Subject Air Transport Association (ATA) of America Code 35, Portable Oxygen System. (e) Unsafe Condition This AD was prompted by production flight test findings of several oxygen masks disconnected from their accompanying portable oxygen bottles. The FAA is issuing this AD to ensure oxygen masks are connected to the accompanying portable oxygen bottles. The unsafe condition, if not addressed, could result in oxygen not being provided to the cabin crew and/or passengers during a sudden decompression above 10,000 feet or during a first aid situation. (f) Compliance Comply with this AD within the compliance times specified, unless already done. (g) Requirements Except as specified in paragraph (h) of this AD: Comply with all required actions and compliance times specified in, and in accordance with, Transport Canada AD CF-2023-52. (h) Exception to Transport Canada AD CF-2023-52 Where Transport Canada AD CF-2023-52 refers to its effective date, this AD requires using the effective date of this AD. (i) Additional AD Provisions The following provisions also apply to this AD: (1) Alternative Methods of Compliance (AMOCs): The Manager, International Validation Branch, FAA, has the authority to approve AMOCs for this AD, if requested using the procedures found in 14 CFR 39.19. In accordance with 14 CFR 39.19, send your request to your principal inspector or responsible Flight Standards Office, as appropriate. If sending information directly to the manager of the International Validation Branch, mail it to the address identified in paragraph (j) of this AD. Information may be emailed to: [email protected]. Before using any approved AMOC, notify your appropriate principal inspector, or lacking a principal inspector, the manager of the responsible Flight Standards Office. (2) Contacting the Manufacturer: For any requirement in this AD to obtain instructions from a manufacturer, the instructions must be accomplished using a method approved by the Manager, International Validation Branch, FAA; or Transport Canada; or Airbus Canada Limited Partnership's Transport Canada Design Approval Organization (DAO). If approved by the DAO, the approval must include the DAO- authorized signature. (j) Additional Information For more information about this AD, contact Fatin Saumik, Aviation Safety Engineer, FAA, 1600 Stewart Avenue, Suite 410, Westbury, NY 11590; telephone 516-228-7300; email [email protected]. (k) Material Incorporated by Reference (1) The Director of the Federal Register approved the incorporation by reference [[Page 56205]] (IBR) of the service information listed in this paragraph under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. (2) You must use this service information as applicable to do the actions required by this AD, unless this AD specifies otherwise. (i) Transport Canada AD CF-2023-52, dated July 12, 2023. (ii) [Reserved] (3) For Transport Canada AD CF-2023-52, contact Transport Canada, Transport Canada National Aircraft Certification, 159 Cleopatra Drive, Nepean, Ontario K1A 0N5, Canada; telephone 888-663- 3639; email [email protected]. You may find this Transport Canada AD on the Transport Canada website at tc.canada.ca/en/ aviation. (4) You may view this material at the FAA, Airworthiness Products Section, Operational Safety Branch, 2200 South 216th St., Des Moines, WA. For information on the availability of this material at the FAA, call 206-231-3195. (5) You may view this material at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, visit www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations, or email [email protected]. Issued on June 5, 2024. Suzanne Masterson, Deputy Director, Integrated Certificate Management Division, Aircraft Certification Service. [FR Doc. 2024-14867 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4910-13-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:57.207294

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14945

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Rules and Regulations] [Pages 56205-56207] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14945] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Federal Aviation Administration 14 CFR Part 39 [Docket No. FAA-2024-0043; Project Identifier MCAI-2023-00985-E; Amendment 39-22760; AD 2024-10-14] RIN 2120-AA64 Airworthiness Directives; Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co KG AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The FAA is adopting a new airworthiness directive (AD) for all Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co KG (RRD) Trent 1000-A, Trent 1000-AE, Trent 1000-C, Trent 1000-CE, Trent 1000-D, Trent 1000-E, Trent 1000-G, and Trent 1000-H engines. This AD is prompted by reports of cracking and separation of certain low-pressure turbine (LPT) stage 1 blade assemblies. This AD requires initial and repetitive inspections of affected LPT stage 1 blade assemblies for cracking or separation and, depending on the results of the inspections, reduction of the inspection interval or replacement of the LPT stage 1 blade set and disk. This AD also prohibits the installation of an LPT disk or blade set assembly unless it is considered a serviceable part, as specified in a European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) AD, which is incorporated by reference. The FAA is issuing this AD to address the unsafe condition on these products. DATES: This AD is effective August 13, 2024. The Director of the Federal Register approved the incorporation by reference of a certain publication listed in this AD as of August 13, 2024. ADDRESSES: AD Docket: You may examine the AD docket at regulations.gov under Docket No. FAA-2024-0043; or in person at Docket Operations between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. The AD docket contains this final rule, the mandatory continuing airworthiness information (MCAI), any comments received, and other information. The address for Docket Operations is U.S. Department of Transportation, Docket Operations, M-30, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC 20590. Material Incorporated by Reference: For EASA service information, contact EASA, Konrad- Adenauer-Ufer 3, 50668 Cologne, Germany; phone: +49 221 8999 000; email: [email protected]. You may find this material on the EASA website at ad.easa.europa.eu. You may view this service information at the FAA, Airworthiness Products Section, Operational Safety Branch, 1200 District Avenue, Burlington, MA 01803. For information on the availability of this material at the FAA, call (817) 222-5110. It is also available at regulations.gov under Docket No. FAA-2024-0043. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Sungmo Cho, Aviation Safety Engineer, FAA, 2200 South 216th Street, Des Moines, WA 98198; phone: (781) 238- 7241; email: [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background The FAA issued a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) to amend 14 CFR part 39 by adding an AD that would apply to all RRD Model Trent 1000-A, Trent 1000-AE, Trent 1000-C, Trent 1000-CE, Trent 1000-D, Trent 1000-E, Trent 1000-G, and Trent 1000-H engines. The NPRM published in the Federal Register on February 01, 2024 (89 FR 6450). The NPRM was prompted by EASA AD 2023-0165, dated August 22, 2023 (EASA AD 2023- 0165) (also referred to as the MCAI), issued by EASA, which is the Technical Agent for the Member States of the European Union. The MCAI states that manufacturer inspections detected cracking and separation of blade pairs in the weld region of certain LPT stage 1 blade assemblies. A blade assembly consists of a pair of blades welded together at the outer shroud. There are 85 LPT stage 1 blade assemblies in one set. Such cracking and separation could cause failure of affected parts and damage to the LPT module. In the NPRM, the FAA proposed to require accomplishing the actions specified in EASA AD 2023-0165, except for any differences identified as exceptions in the regulatory text. The FAA is issuing this AD to address the unsafe condition on these products. You may examine the MCAI in the AD docket at regulations.gov under Docket No. FAA-2024-0043. Discussion of Final Airworthiness Directive Comments The FAA received one comment from Boeing, which supported the NPRM without change. Additional Change Made to This Final Rule Since the NPRM published, the FAA determined that paragraph (c) of the proposed AD incorrectly included ``Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co KG Trent 1000.'' Therefore, the FAA has revised the applicability of this AD to remove that text. Since there are no additional engines on the U.S. registry, no changes have been made to the Costs of Compliance paragraph in this final rule. Conclusion These products have been approved by the aviation authority of another country and are approved for operation in the United States. Pursuant to the FAA's bilateral agreement with this State of Design Authority, it has notified the FAA of the unsafe condition described in the MCAI referenced above. The FAA reviewed the relevant data, considered the comment received, and determined that air safety requires adopting this AD as proposed. Accordingly, the FAA is issuing this AD to address the unsafe condition on these products. Except for minor editorial changes, this AD is adopted as proposed in the NPRM. None of the changes increase the economic burden on any operator. [[Page 56206]] Related Service Information Under 1 CFR Part 51 The FAA reviewed EASA AD 2023-0165, which specifies procedures for inspection of affected LPT stage 1 blade assembly outer shrouds and replacement of the LPT stage 1 blade set and disk. EASA AD 2023-0165 also specifies a reduction of the repetitive inspection intervals if cracking or separation is detected and meets certain criteria. This material is reasonably available because the interested parties have access to it through their normal course of business or by the means identified in ADDRESSES. Costs of Compliance The FAA estimates that this AD affects 28 engines installed on airplanes of U.S. registry. The FAA estimates the following costs to comply with this AD: Estimated Costs ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cost per Cost on U.S. Action Labor cost Parts cost product operators ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Inspect LPT stage 1 blade outer 4 work-hours x $85 per $0 $340 $9,520 shroud. hour = $340. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The FAA estimates the following costs to do any necessary replacements that would be required based on the results of the inspection. The agency has no way of determining the number of engines that might need these replacements. On-Condition Costs ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cost per Action Labor cost Parts cost product ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Replace LPT stage 1 blade set................. 10 work-hours x $85 per hour = $466,480 $467,330 $850. Replace LPT stage 1 disk...................... 10 work-hours x $85 per hour = 256,908 257,758 $850. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Authority for This Rulemaking Title 49 of the United States Code specifies the FAA's authority to issue rules on aviation safety. Subtitle I, section 106, describes the authority of the FAA Administrator. Subtitle VII: Aviation Programs, describes in more detail the scope of the Agency's authority. The FAA is issuing this rulemaking under the authority described in Subtitle VII, Part A, Subpart III, Section 44701: General requirements. Under that section, Congress charges the FAA with promoting safe flight of civil aircraft in air commerce by prescribing regulations for practices, methods, and procedures the Administrator finds necessary for safety in air commerce. This regulation is within the scope of that authority because it addresses an unsafe condition that is likely to exist or develop on products identified in this rulemaking action. Regulatory Findings This AD will not have federalism implications under Executive Order 13132. This AD will not have a substantial direct effect on the States, on the relationship between the national government and the States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government. For the reasons discussed above, I certify that this AD: (1) Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' under Executive Order 12866, (2) Will not affect intrastate aviation in Alaska and (3) Will not have a significant economic impact, positive or negative, on a substantial number of small entities under the criteria of the Regulatory Flexibility Act. List of Subjects in 14 CFR Part 39 Air transportation, Aircraft, Aviation safety, Incorporation by reference, Safety. The Amendment Accordingly, under the authority delegated to me by the Administrator, the FAA amends 14 CFR part 39 as follows: PART 39--AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES 0 1. The authority citation for part 39 continues to read as follows: Authority: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40113, 44701. Sec. 39.13 [Amended] 0 2. The FAA amends Sec. 39.13 by adding the following new airworthiness directive: 2024-10-14 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co KG: Amendment 39-22760; Docket No. FAA-2024-0043; Project Identifier MCAI-2023-00985-E. (a) Effective Date This airworthiness directive (AD) is effective August 13, 2024. (b) Affected Ads None. (c) Applicability This AD applies to Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co KG Trent 1000-A, Trent 1000-AE, Trent 1000-C, Trent 1000-CE, Trent 1000-D, Trent 1000-E, Trent 1000-G, and Trent 1000-H engines. (d) Subject Joint Aircraft System Component (JASC) Code 7250, Turbine Section. (e) Unsafe Condition This AD was prompted by reports of cracking and separation of certain low-pressure turbine (LPT) stage 1 blade assemblies. The FAA is issuing this AD to prevent failure of the LPT stage 1 blades. The unsafe condition, if not addressed, could result in high energy debris release, damage to the airplane, and reduced control of the airplane. (f) Compliance Comply with this AD within the compliance times specified, unless already done. (g) Required Actions Except as specified in paragraphs (h) and (i) of this AD: Perform all required actions within the compliance times specified in, and in accordance with, European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) AD 2023-0165, dated August 22, 2023 (EASA AD 2023-0165). (h) Exceptions to EASA AD 2023-0165 (1) Where EASA AD 2023-0165 refers to its effective date, this AD requires using the effective date of this AD. [[Page 56207]] (2) This AD does not adopt the Remarks paragraph of EASA AD 2023-0165. (3) Where the service information referenced in EASA AD 2023- 0165 specifies discarding the removed low pressure (LP) turbine stage 1 blade set, this AD requires removing the affected part from service. (4) Where the service information referenced in EASA AD 2023- 0165 specifies to quarantine the removed LP turbine stage 1 rotor disk, this AD requires removing the affected part from service. (i) No Reporting Requirement Although the service information referenced in EASA AD 2023-0165 specifies to submit certain information to the manufacturer, this AD does not include that requirement. (j) Alternative Methods of Compliance (AMOCs) (1) The Manager, AIR-520 Continued Operational Safety Branch, FAA, has the authority to approve AMOCs for this AD, if requested using the procedures found in 14 CFR 39.19. In accordance with 14 CFR 39.19, send your request to your principal inspector or local Flight Standards District Office, as appropriate. If sending information directly to the manager of the AIR-520 Continued Operational Safety Branch, send it to the attention of the person identified in paragraph (k) of this AD and email to: [email protected]. (2) Before using any approved AMOC, notify your appropriate principal inspector, or lacking a principal inspector, the manager of the local Flight Standards District Office/certificate holding district office. (k) Additional Information For more information about this AD, contact Sungmo Cho, Aviation Safety Engineer, FAA, 2200 South 216th Street, Des Moines, WA 98198; phone: (781) 238-7241; email: [email protected]. (l) Material Incorporated by Reference (1) The Director of the Federal Register approved the incorporation by reference of the service information listed in this paragraph under 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. (2) You must use this service information as applicable to do the actions required by this AD, unless the AD specifies otherwise. (i) European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) AD 2023-0165, dated August 22, 2023. (ii) [Reserved] (3) For EASA AD 2023-0165, contact EASA, Konrad-Adenauer-Ufer 3, 50668 Cologne, Germany; phone: +49 221 8999 000; email: [email protected]; website: easa.europa.eu. You may find this EASA AD on the EASA website at ad.easa.europa.eu. (4) You may view this material at the FAA, Airworthiness Products Section, Operational Safety Branch, 1200 District Avenue, Burlington, MA 01803. For information on the availability of this material at the FAA, call (817) 222-5110. (5) You may view this material at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, visit www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations or email [email protected]. Issued on May 16, 2024. Suzanne Masterson, Deputy Director, Integrated Certificate Management Division, Aircraft Certification Service. Editorial Note: This document was received for publication by the Office of the Federal Register on July 2, 2024. [FR Doc. 2024-14945 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4910-13-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:57.288442

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14859

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Rules and Regulations] [Page 56207] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14859] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Federal Aviation Administration 14 CFR Part 71 [Docket No. FAA-2024-0635; Airspace Docket No. 23-AWP-20] RIN 2120-AA66 Modification of Class E Airspace; Yerington Municipal Airport, Yerington, NV; Correction AGENCY: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), DOT. ACTION: Final rule; correction. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The FAA is correcting a final rule that was published in the Federal Register on June 18, 2024. The final rule modified Class E airspace extending upward from 700 feet above the surface at Yerington Municipal Airport, Yerington, NV. This action corrects an error in the airspace legal description. DATES: Effective 0901 UTC, September 5, 2024. The Director of the Federal Register approves this incorporation by reference action under 1 CFR part 51, subject to the annual revision of FAA Order 7400.11, Airspace Designations and Reporting Points, and publication of conforming amendments. ADDRESSES: FAA Order 7400.11H and subsequent amendments can be viewed online at www.faa.gov//air_traffic/publications/. You may also contact the Rules and Regulations Group, Office of Policy, Federal Aviation Administration, 800 Independence Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20591; telephone: (202) 267-8783. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Keith Adams, Federal Aviation Administration, Western Service Center, Operations Support Group, 2200 S 216th Street, Des Moines, WA 98198; telephone (206) 231-2428. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: History The FAA published a final rule in the Federal Register (89 FR 51407; June 18, 2024) for Docket FAA-2024-0635, which modified Class E airspace extending upward from 700 feet above the surface at the Yerington Municipal Airport, Yerington, NV. Subsequent to publication, the FAA identified that line three of the Class E airspace legal description displayed the geographic coordinates for the airport as ``lat. 39[deg]00'19'' N, long. 111[deg]09'24'' W,'' which was incorrect. The geographic coordinates for the airport in line three of the legal description should be ``lat. 39[deg]00'19'' N, long. 119[deg]09'24'' W.'' This action corrects the error. Correction to the Final Rule In FR Doc 2024-13179 at 51408, published in the Federal Register on June 18, 2024, the FAA makes the following corrections: 1. On page 51408, in the third column, correct the first three lines of the legal description for Yerington, NV, to read as follows: AWP NV E5 Yerington, NV [Amended] Yerington Municipal Airport, NV (Lat. 39[deg]00'19'' N, long. 119[deg]09'24'' W) Issued in Des Moines, Washington, on July 1, 2024. B.G. Chew, Group Manager, Western Service Center, Operations Support Group. [FR Doc. 2024-14859 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4910-13-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:57.475008

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14929

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Rules and Regulations] [Pages 56207-56211] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14929] ======================================================================= ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY Coast Guard 33 CFR Part 100 [Docket Number USCG-2024-0361] RIN 1625-AA08 Special Local Regulation; Back River, Baltimore County, MD AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Final rule. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The Coast Guard is establishing special local regulations to provide for the safety of life on certain waters of the Back River, in Baltimore County, MD. These regulations will be enforced during a high- speed power boat event and air show which will be held annually, on the 2nd, 3rd or 4th weekend (Friday, Saturday, and Sunday) in July. This rulemaking prohibits persons and vessels from being in the regulated area unless authorized by the Captain of the Port, Maryland-National Capital Region, or [[Page 56208]] the Coast Guard Event Patrol Commander. DATES: This rule is effective August 8, 2024. A notification of enforcement will be published prior to the event dates each year with specified enforcement dates and times. ADDRESSES: To view documents mentioned in this preamble as being available in the docket, go to https://www.regulations.gov, type USCG- 2024-0361 in the search box and click ``Search.'' Next, in the Document Type column, select ``Supporting & Related Material.'' FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: If you have questions about this rule, call or email call or email Petty Officer Hollie Givens, U.S. Coast Guard Sector Maryland-National Capital Region; telephone 410-576-2596, email [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: I. Table of Abbreviations CFR Code of Federal Regulations COTP Captain of the Port, Sector Maryland-National Capital Region DHS Department of Homeland Security FR Federal Register NPRM Notice of proposed rulemaking PATCOM Patrol Commander Sec. Section SLR Special Local Regulations U.S.C. United States Code II. Background Information and Regulatory History Over the years, Tiki Lee's Dock Bar of Sparrows Point, MD has submitted permit applications under 33 CFR 100.15 for two separate, but concurrently held, annual events in the Back River. These events are ``Tiki Lee's Shootout on the River High Speed Power Boat'' event, and ``Tiki Lee's Shootout on the River Air Show.'' Tiki Lee's Dock Bar has indicated that it intends to continue to submit applications annually to hold these events (on the 2nd, 3rd or 4th, Friday, Saturday, and Sunday in July). In response, the Coast Guard published a notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) titled ``Special Local Regulation; Back River, Baltimore County, MD,'' 89 FR 34173 (April 30, 2024). There, we explained why we had issued the NPRM and we invited comments on our proposed regulatory action related to this event. During the comment period that ended May 30, 2024, we received one comment. III. Legal Authority and Need for Rule The COTP, Maryland-National Capital Region has determined that the potential hazards associated with the high-speed power boat event and air show will present safety concerns for anyone participating in this event and for spectator vessels and non-affiliated vessels operating within nearby waters of the Back River. The purpose of this rule is to protect event participants, non-participants, and transiting vessels before, during, and after the scheduled event. The Coast Guard is promulgating this rule under authority in 46 U.S.C. 70041. IV. Discussion of Comments, Changes, and the Rule As noted above, we received one comment on our NPRM published April 30, 2024. This comment discusses the alleged targeting of oystermen and does not address issues within the scope of our published NPRM. There are no changes in the regulatory text of this rule from the proposed rule in the NPRM. The COTP is establishing special local regulations which may be subject to enforcement in a particular year on the 2nd, 3rd or 4th weekend (Friday, Saturday, and Sunday) in July, depending on when the boat race and air show are held. The regulated area for both events covers all navigable waters of the Back River within an area which is approximately 4,200 yards in length and 1,200 yards in width. Within the regulated area, specific zones are designated as a ``Course Area,'' a ``Buffer zone,'' an ``Aerobatics Box,'' and three ``Spectator Areas.'' These are the ``East Spectator Fleet Area,'' the ``Northwest Spectator Fleet Area,'' and the Southwest Spectator Fleet Area.'' Consistent with 33 CFR 100.35(a), the COTP is promulgating this regulation, which provides that he or she and the Coast Guard Event PATCOM have authority to forbid or control the movement of all vessels and persons, including event participants, in the regulated area. When hailed or signaled by an official patrol, a vessel or person in the regulated area will be required to immediately comply with the directions given by the COTP or Event PATCOM, as is now provided in 33 CFR 100.501(d). If a person or vessel fails to follow such directions, the Coast Guard may expel them from the area, issue them a citation for failure to comply, or both. Only participant vessels would be allowed to enter the course area and aerobatics box. Except for Tiki Lee's Shootout on the River participants and vessels already at berth, a vessel or person would be required to get permission from the COTP or Event PATCOM before entering the regulated area. Vessel operators would be able to request permission to enter and transit through the regulated area by contacting the Event PATCOM on VHF-FM channel 16. Operators of vessels already at berth desiring to move those vessels when the event is subject to enforcement would be required to obtain permission before doing so. V. Regulatory Analyses We developed this rule after considering numerous statutes and Executive orders related to rulemaking. Below we summarize our analyses based on a number of these statutes and Executive orders, and we discuss First Amendment rights of protestors. A. Regulatory Planning and Review Executive Orders 12866 and 13563 direct agencies to assess the costs and benefits of available regulatory alternatives and, if regulation is necessary, to select regulatory approaches that maximize net benefits. This rule has not been designated a ``significant regulatory action,'' under section 3(f) of Executive Order 12866, as amended by Executive Order 14094 (Modernizing Regulatory Review). Accordingly, this rule has not been reviewed by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). This regulatory action determination is based on the size, location, duration, and time of day of the regulated area, which would only impact a small, designated area of Back River. This waterway supports mainly recreational vessel traffic, which at its peak, occurs during the summer season. Although this regulated area extends across the entire width of the waterway, the rule would allow vessels and persons to seek permission to enter the regulated area, and vessel traffic would be able to transit the regulated area as instructed by Event PATCOM. Such vessels must operate at safe speed, one that minimizes wake, and they must not loiter within the navigable channel while within the regulated area. Moreover, the Coast Guard will issue a Broadcast Notice to Mariners via VHF-FM marine channel 16 about the enforcement status of the regulated area. B. Impact on Small Entities The Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980, 5 U.S.C. 601-612, as amended, requires Federal agencies to consider the potential impact of regulations on small entities during rulemaking. The term ``small entities'' comprises small businesses, not-for-profit organizations that are independently owned and operated and are not dominant in their fields, and governmental jurisdictions with populations of less than 50,000. The Coast Guard received no comments [[Page 56209]] from the Small Business Administration on this rulemaking. The Coast Guard certifies under 5 U.S.C. 605(b) that this rule will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. While some owners or operators of vessels intending to transit the safety zone may be small entities, for the reasons stated in section V.A above, this rule will not have a significant economic impact on any vessel owner or operator. Consistent with Sec. 213(a) of the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996 (Pub. L. 104-121), we will assist small entities in understanding this rule. If the rule may affect your small business, organization, or governmental jurisdiction and you have questions concerning its provisions or options for compliance, please call or email the person listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section. Small businesses may send comments on the actions of Federal employees who enforce, or otherwise determine compliance with, Federal regulations to the Small Business and Agriculture Regulatory Enforcement Ombudsman and the Regional Small Business Regulatory Fairness Boards. The Ombudsman evaluates these actions annually and rates each agency's responsiveness to small business. If you wish to comment on actions by employees of the Coast Guard, call 1-888-REG-FAIR (1-888-734-3247). The Coast Guard will not retaliate against small entities that question or complain about this rule or any policy or action of the Coast Guard. C. Collection of Information This rule will not call for a new collection of information under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501-3520). D. Federalism and Indian Tribal Governments A rule has implications for federalism under Executive Order 13132, Federalism, if it has a substantial direct effect on the States, on the relationship between the National Government and the States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government. We have analyzed this rule under that Order and have determined that it is consistent with the fundamental federalism principles and preemption requirements described in Executive Order 13132. Also, this rule does not have tribal implications under Executive Order 13175, Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments, because it does not have a substantial direct effect on one or more Indian tribes, on the relationship between the Federal Government and Indian tribes, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities between the Federal Government and Indian tribes. E. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act The Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (2 U.S.C. 1531-1538) requires Federal agencies to assess the effects of their discretionary regulatory actions. In particular, the Act addresses actions that may result in the expenditure by a State, local, or tribal government, in the aggregate, or by the private sector of $100,000,000 (adjusted for inflation) or more in any one year. Though this rule will not result in such an expenditure, we do discuss the effects of this rule elsewhere in this preamble. F. Environment We have analyzed this rule under Department of Homeland Security Directive 023-01, Rev. 1, associated implementing instructions, and Environmental Planning COMDTINST 5090.1 (series), which guide the Coast Guard in complying with the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321-4370f), and have determined that this action is one of a category of actions that do not individually or cumulatively have a significant effect on the human environment. This rule involves implementation of regulations within 33 CFR part 100 applicable to organized marine events on the navigable waters of the United States that could negatively impact the safety of waterway users and shore side activities in the event area. It is categorically excluded from further review under paragraph L61 of Appendix A, Table 1 of DHS Instruction Manual 023-01-001-01, Rev. 1. G. Protest Activities The Coast Guard respects the First Amendment rights of protesters. Protesters are asked to call or email the person listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section to coordinate protest activities so that your message can be received without jeopardizing the safety or security of people, places or vessels. List of Subjects in 33 CFR Part 100 For the reasons discussed in the preamble, the Coast Guard amends 33 CFR 100 as follows: PART 100--SAFETY OF LIFE ON NAVIGABLE WATERS 0 1. The authority citation for part 100 continues to read as follows: Authority: 46 U.S.C. 70041; 33 CFR 1.05-1. 0 2. In Sec. 100.501 amend table 4 to paragraph (i)(2) by adding an entry in alphabetical order for ``Tiki Lee's Shootout on the River High Speed Power Boat Event and Air Show'' to read as follows: Sec. 100.501 Special Local Regulations; Marine Events Within the Fifth Coast Guard District. * * * * * (i) * * * (2) * * * [[Page 56210]] Table 2 to Paragraph (i)(2) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Enforcement Event Regulated area period(s) Sponsor ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * * * * * * Tiki Lee's Shootout on the River Regulated area. All navigable waters This section will Tiki Lee's Dock High Speed Power Boat Event and of Back River, within an area be enforced on the Bar of Sparrows Air Show. bounded by a line connecting the 2nd, 3rd or 4th, Point, MD. following points: from the shoreline Friday, Saturday, at Lynch Point at latitude and Sunday in 39[deg]14'46'' N, longitude July. A 076[deg]26'23'' W, thence northeast Notification of to Porter Point at latitude Enforcement will 39[deg]15'13'' N, longitude be published 30 076[deg]26'11'' W, thence north days prior to the along the shoreline to Walnut Point event dates with at latitude 39[deg]17'06'' N, specified longitude 076[deg]27'04'' W, thence enforcement times southwest to the shoreline at latitude 39[deg]16'41'' N, longitude 076[deg]27'31'' W, thence south along the shoreline to and terminating at the point of origin. The course area, aerobatics box and spectator areas are within the regulated area. Course Area. The course area is a ................... .................. polygon in shape measuring approximately 1,400 yards in length by 50 yards in width. The area is bounded by a line commencing at position latitude 39[deg]16'14.98'' N, longitude 076[deg]26'57.38'' W, thence east to latitude 39[deg]16'15.36'' N, longitude 076[deg]26'55.56'' W, thence south to latitude 39[deg]15'33.40'' N, longitude 076[deg]26'49.70'' W, thence west to latitude 39[deg]15'33.17'' N, longitude 076[deg]26'51.60'' W, thence north to and terminating at the point of origin. Buffer zone. The buffer zone is a ................... .................. polygon in shape measuring approximately 100 yards in east and west directions and approximately 150 yards in north and south directions surrounding the entire course area described in the preceding paragraph of this section. The area is bounded by a line commencing at position latitude 39[deg]16'18.72'' N, longitude 076[deg]27'01.74'' W, thence east to latitude 39[deg]16'20.36'' N, longitude 076[deg]26'52.39'' W, thence south to latitude 39[deg]15'29.27'' N, longitude 076[deg]26'45.36'' W, thence west to latitude 39[deg]15'28.43'' N, longitude 076[deg]26'54.94'' W, thence north to and terminating at the point of origin. Aerobatics box. The aerobatics box is ................... .................. a polygon in shape measuring approximately 5,000 feet in length by 1,000 feet in width. The area is bounded by a line commencing at position latitude 39[deg]16'01.2'' N, longitude 076[deg]27'05.7'' W, thence east to latitude 39[deg]16'04.7'' N, longitude 076[deg]26'53.7'' W, thence south to latitude 39[deg]15'16.9'' N, longitude 076[deg]26'35.2'' W, thence west to latitude 39[deg]15'13.7'' N, longitude 076[deg]26'47.2'' W, thence north to and terminating at the point of origin. East Spectator Fleet Area. The area ................... .................. is a polygon in shape measuring approximately 2,200 yards in length by 450 yards in width. The area is bounded by a line commencing at position latitude 39[deg]15'20.16'' N, longitude 076[deg]26'17.99'' W, thence west to latitude 39[deg]15'17.47'' N, longitude 076[deg]26'27.41'' W, thence north to latitude 39[deg]16'18.48'' N, longitude 076[deg]26'48.42'' W, thence east to latitude 39[deg]16'25.60'' N, longitude 076[deg]26'27.14'' W, thence south to latitude 39[deg]15'40.90'' N, longitude 076[deg]26'31.30'' W, thence south to and terminating at the point of origin. [[Page 56211]] Northwest Spectator Fleet Area. The ................... .................. area is a polygon in shape measuring approximately 750 yards in length by 150 yards in width. The area is bounded by a line commencing at position latitude 39[deg]16'01.64'' N, longitude 076[deg]27'11.62'' W, thence south to latitude 39[deg]15'47.80'' N, longitude 076[deg]27'06.50'' W, thence southwest to latitude 39[deg]15'40.11'' N, longitude 076[deg]27'08.71'' W, thence northeast to latitude 39[deg]15'45.63'' N, longitude 076[deg]27'03.08'' W, thence northeast to latitude 39[deg]16'01.19'' N, longitude 076[deg]27'05.65'' W, thence west to and terminating at the point of origin. Southwest Spectator Fleet Area. The ................... .................. area is a polygon in shape measuring approximately 400 yards in length by 175 yards in width. The area is bounded by a line commencing at position latitude 39[deg]15'30.81'' N, longitude 076[deg]27'05.58'' W, thence south to latitude 39[deg]15'21.06'' N, longitude 076[deg]26'56.14'' W, thence east to latitude 39[deg]15'21.50'' N, longitude 076[deg]26'52.59'' W, thence north to latitude 39[deg]15'29.75'' N, longitude 076[deg]26'56.12'' W, thence west to and terminating at the point of origin. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * * * * Patrick C. Burkett, Captain, U.S. Coast Guard, Captain of the Port, Sector Maryland- National Capital Region. [FR Doc. 2024-14929 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 9110-04-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:57.515343

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15047

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Rules and Regulations] [Pages 56211-56216] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15047] ======================================================================= ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 34 CFR Chapter III [Docket ID ED-2024-OSERS-0012] State Personnel Development Grants AGENCY: Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, Department of Education. ACTION: Final priorities and requirements. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The Department of Education (Department) announces final priorities and requirements under the State Personnel Development Grants (SPDG) program. The Department may use one or more of these priorities and requirements for competitions in fiscal year (FY) 2024 and later years. We take this action to focus attention on assisting States in reforming and improving their systems for personnel preparation and personnel development in order to improve results for children with disabilities. DATES: These priorities and requirements are effective August 8, 2024. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jennifer Coffey, U.S. Department of Education, 400 Maryland Avenue SW, Room 4A10, Washington, DC 20202. Telephone: (202) 987-0150. Email: [email protected]. If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability and wish to access telecommunications relay services, please dial 7-1-1. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Purpose of Program: The purpose of the SPDG program is to assist State educational agencies (SEAs) in reforming and improving their systems for personnel preparation and professional development in early intervention, educational, and transition services to improve results for children with disabilities. Assistance Listing Number: 84.323A. Program Authority: 20 U.S.C. 1451-1455. We published a notice of proposed priorities and requirements (NPP) for this program in the Federal Register on March 28, 2024 (89 FR 21469). That document contained background information and the Department's reasons for proposing the priorities and requirements. Public Comment: In response to our invitation in the NPP, three parties submitted comments addressing the priorities, requirements, and directed questions. We discuss comments related to the priorities and requirements under each priority to which they pertain. Generally, we do not address technical and other minor changes, or suggested changes the law does not authorize us to make under the applicable statutory authority. In addition, we do not address general comments that raised concerns not directly related to the proposed priorities or requirements. Analysis of Comments and Changes: An analysis of the comments and of any changes in the priorities or requirements since publication of the NPP follows. Comment: In response to the Department's directed question regarding challenges to developing and supporting grow your own (GYO) programs, one commenter enumerated challenges at the State, district, and participant level. At the State level, the commenter identified the lack of sufficient funding to expand the program and fund personnel to oversee programmatic and fiscal requirements as a major challenge. At the district level, the commenter noted that finding candidates to participate in the programs and securing sufficient funding and resources, including time for oversight, were major challenges, along with the absence of coaching for GYO participants. In addition, the commenter stated that rural districts struggle with a small candidate pool. The commenter shared that GYO participants have challenges maintaining employment while completing their coursework, are not readily able to pay for tuition, struggle to successfully complete college-level coursework, and have difficulty passing entrance and subject area exams, and managing responsibilities in the home, work duties, and college coursework. [[Page 56212]] Discussion: The Department appreciates learning about the potential challenges faced at each level of the education system and will provide support to SPDG projects to help ensure they foresee these challenges and provide supports for GYO districts, schools, and participants. Changes: None. Comment: In response to the Department's directed question regarding supports that would assist SEAs in developing and implementing career pathways for those interested in becoming fully certified special education teachers, one commenter shared that the following supports would be helpful: funding, additional partners to coordinate program management, exemplar pathway models that include programmatic recommendations, and recruitment and retention resources that support successful program completion. The commenter shared it would be helpful for SEAs to receive technical assistance (TA) and targeted coaching that supports building and implementing pathways for special education personnel. Discussion: An SEA may use their SPDG resources to provide the supports described by the commenter in the implementation of a GYO, teacher residency, or registered teacher apprenticeship program. As for support for the SEAs, the Department currently provides TA and targeted coaching via the Collaboration for Effective Educator Development, Accountability, and Reform Center (CEEDAR Center). Changes: None. Comment: One commenter responded to the Department's question about supports that would help SEAs develop and implement a system to address the professional learning and certification needs of personnel with an emergency certification who work with children with disabilities. The commenter shared that longitudinal studies that track candidates from preparation through their fifth year of teaching and that assess outcomes such as teacher efficacy, teacher retention, and student outcomes would support SEAs in understanding the specific needs of teachers based on various certification pathways. These data would also allow SEAs and their partners to anticipate and create structures to support the professional learning needs of teachers pursuing various certification pathways. Discussion: We agree that modernized statewide longitudinal data systems (SLDS) can be a valuable tool in identifying and addressing the professional learning and certification needs of personnel, including by providing the ability to respond to policy needs, such as addressing the professional learning and certification needs of personnel with an emergency certification and understanding the educator pipeline and its impact. We encourage SPDG grantees to take opportunities to modernize their SLDS. To date, 34 States have used SLDS funds to establish linkages between K-12, postsecondary, and workforce data. For more information about SLDS grant opportunities, please visit https://nces.ed.gov/programs/slds/grant_information.asp. Changes: None. Comment: In response to the Department's directed question about which stakeholders SEAs should collaborate with to develop and implement a system to address the professional learning and certification needs of personnel with an emergency certification who work with children with disabilities, one commenter stated SEAs should collaborate with educator preparation programs to enhance traditional teacher preparation programs and partner in supporting GYO, teacher residency, and registered teacher apprenticeship programs. The commenter also stated that SEAs should partner with LEAs and professional organizations for education leaders, including special education directors, elementary and secondary school principals, and other school administrators, to identify the needs of teachers and to provide targeted resources and supports. In addition, the commenter stated that SEAs should engage with national TA centers to stay informed of evidence-based practices for effective pre-service preparation and in-service supports, as well as to partner with their parent and training information center to train teachers on the parent perspective and how to effectively engage and partner with families. Discussion: The Department thanks the commenter for these thoughtful recommendations. Under section 653(b) of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), the State personnel development plan must describe how the applicant will work in partnership with agencies and programs addressing the education of children and youth with disabilities to strengthen the project's efforts. The partners suggested by the commenter are all required or permitted partners under section 652(b) of the IDEA, and we agree that they may serve as important collaborators. Additionally, one of the Final Common Requirements is that a project must align with and integrate other State initiatives and programs, as well as district and local improvement plans, to leverage existing professional development and data systems. Changes: None. Comment: One commenter recommended the Department incentivize SEAs to develop programs that include educational audiologists and speech- language pathologists. Discussion: Educational audiologists and speech-language pathologists are included in the definition of ``personnel'' used by the SPDG program (section 651(b) of the IDEA). Accordingly, applicants may propose to include educational audiologists and speech-language pathologists in SPDG professional development activities. Changes: None. Comment: One commenter recommended that the Department use the SPDG program to incentivize appropriate workloads for personnel, suggesting that using SPDG funds to analyze and right-size educator workload will increase the likelihood that students receive the most appropriate supports to meet their educational and functional goals. Discussion: SPDG funds are used to address specific State- identified needs. The notice inviting applications for the FY 2024 SPDG competition, published elsewhere in this issue of the Federal Register, provides examples of activities that may be funded with an SPDG grant, including the use of funds to support reduced class schedules and caseloads. Changes: None. Comment: One commenter, responding to Proposed Priority 1, recommended SEAs and institutions of higher education collaborate to provide grant programs and scholarships for high school students to begin working toward paraprofessional and teacher certification. Discussion: The SPDG may be used to support collaborative recruitment efforts, including providing grant programs and scholarships for high school students to begin working toward paraprofessional and teacher certification. Per the Final Common Requirements, an applicant must describe the proposed in-State and national partners that the project will work with to achieve the goals and objectives of the grant and how the impact of these partnerships will be measured. Changes: None. Comment: One commenter shared that virtual reality simulations may enable pathway participants and other personnel to learn more about teaching children with disabilities and how to navigate complex situations. [[Page 56213]] Discussion: GYO, apprenticeships, and residency pathways and professional development programs may benefit from the use of virtual reality teaching simulations that allow personnel to practice important skills prior to using them with children. Nothing in Priority 1 would preclude an applicant from proposing to use this technology. Changes: None. Comment: Two commenters supported Proposed Priority 1 as a means to develop new and dynamic workforce pathways for the special education workforce system. Discussion: The Department appreciates support for this priority. Changes: None. Comment: In response to Proposed Priority 2, one commenter recommended that SPDG projects use empathy interviews to identify barriers faced by personnel on their path to full certification. Discussion: We agree that understanding barriers and facilitators to reaching full certification is an important aspect of improving personnel preparation and retention systems. SPDG projects may choose to use empathy interviews to gather formative data to help improve their services. Changes: None. Final Priorities Priority 1: Providing Career Pathways for Those Interested in Becoming Fully Certified Special Education Teachers, Including Paraprofessionals, Through Residency, GYO, and Registered Apprenticeships Programs. Projects designed to increase the number of fully certified special education teachers by establishing a new, or enhancing an existing, teacher residency, GYO, or registered teacher apprenticeship program that minimizes or eliminates the cost of certification for special education teacher candidates and provides opportunities for candidates to be paid, including being provided with a stipend (which, for programs that include paid experience for the duration of the certification program, can be met through paragraph (i), below), to cover the time spent gaining classroom experience during their certification program. A project implementing a new or enhanced teacher residency, GYO, or registered teacher apprenticeship program must-- (a) Use data-driven strategies and evidence-based approaches to increase recruitment, successful completion, and retention of the special education teachers supported by the project; (b) Provide standards for participants to enter into and complete the program; (c) Be aligned to evidence-based (as defined in 34 CFR 77.1) practices for effective educator preparation; (d) Have little to no financial burden for program participants, or provide for loan forgiveness, grants, or scholarship programs; (e) Provide opportunities for candidates to be paid, including being provided with a stipend, to cover time spent in clinical experience during their certification program; (f) Develop a plan to monitor program quality; (g) Require completion of a bachelor's degree either before entering or as a result of the teacher residency, GYO, or teacher apprenticeship program; (h) Result in the satisfaction of all requirements for full State teacher licensure or certification, excluding emergency, temporary, provisional, or other sub-standard licensure or certification; (i) Provide increasing levels of responsibility for the resident/ GYO participant/apprentice during at least one year of paid on-the-job learning/clinical experience, during which a mentor teacher is the teacher of record; and (j) Develop a plan to ensure the program has funding after the end of the project period. In their applications, States must describe how their projects will meet these program requirements. In addition to these requirements, to be considered for funding under this priority, applicants must meet the application and administrative requirements under Common Requirements. Priority 2: Supporting Emergency Certified Special Education Teachers to Become Fully Certified. Projects designed to increase the number of fully certified special education teachers by implementing plans that address the emergency certification needs of personnel who work with children with disabilities. The plans must-- (a) Identify the barriers and challenges to full certification that are experienced by special education personnel on emergency certifications; (b) Include evidence-based (as defined in 34 CFR 77.1) strategies to address those barriers and challenges and assist special education personnel on emergency certifications to obtain full certification, consistent with State-approved or State-recognized requirements, within three years; (c) Include training and coaching on, at a minimum-- (1) The skills needed to collaboratively develop, implement, and monitor standards-based IEPs; (2) High-leverage and evidence-based instructional and classroom management practices; and (3) The provision of wrap-around services (e.g., social, emotional, and mental health supports), special education services, and other supports for children with disabilities; and (d) Provide participating special education personnel on emergency certifications with opportunities to apply the evidence-based skills and practices described in paragraph (c) in the classroom. In their applications, States must describe how their projects will meet these program requirements. In addition to these requirements, to be considered for funding under this priority, applicants must meet the application and administrative requirements under Common Requirements. Priority 3: Person-Centered IEPs that Support Instructional Progress. Projects designed to provide pre-service and in-service training to school and district personnel, including IEP team members (e.g., special education and general education teachers, related service personnel who work with children with disabilities) and administrators, to improve their skills in developing and implementing person-centered IEPs that support instructional progress and improve functional outcomes \1\ for children with disabilities. Projects must-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ An IEP that supports instructional progress is an IEP that focuses on the academic, vocational, developmental, and social needs of the child and allows the child to benefit from instruction. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (a) Provide training and coaching to administrators and IEP team members to increase their ability to develop, implement, and monitor person-centered IEPs that support instructional progress so that they can-- (1) Use appropriate data to determine the child's instructional and functional strengths and needs; (2) Increase the child's learning time and opportunities with general education peers, as appropriate, based on research; (3) Choose and use evidence-based (as defined in 34 CFR 77.1) practices for core instruction; and (4) Supplement core instruction with special education services. In their applications, States must describe how their projects will meet these program requirements. In addition to these requirements, to be considered for funding under this priority, applicants must meet the application [[Page 56214]] and administrative requirements under Common Requirements. Priority 4: Principals as Instructional Leaders Who Support Collaborative Service Provision. Projects designed to provide professional development to improve the instructional leadership provided by principals and other school leaders, district leaders, and teacher leaders to promote educational equity for children with disabilities. Projects must provide training and coaching to assist administrators to-- (a) Create and support equitable school schedules and other operations that enable collaborative services from general and special education staff; (b) Support schoolwide inclusionary practices within a multi-tiered systems of support (MTSS) framework; (c) Support evidence-based (as defined in 34 CFR 77.1) professional development for their staff related to-- (1) Effective content instruction; (2) Data for decision-making and continuous progress monitoring; (3) IEP development and implementation; and (4) Wrap-around services; (d) Actively engage families and school communities to identify and address concerns regarding, and barriers to, accessibility, equity, and inclusiveness, using frameworks such as universal design; and (e) Provide administrators structured learning opportunities, such as through a cohort model, mentoring, one-on-one coaching, networking to build a professional community, and applied learning opportunities, such as problem-solving related to the needs of individual children. In their applications, States must describe how their projects will meet these program requirements. In addition to these requirements, to be considered for funding under this priority, applicants must meet the application and administrative requirements under Common Requirements. Priority 5: Improving Engagement between Schools and Families. Projects designed to develop the capacity of administrators and educators to develop systems and use strategies that build trust and engagement with families, while further strengthening the role families play in their child's development and learning. Projects must-- (a) Provide training and coaching to assist administrators to-- (1) Develop and implement policies and programs that recognize families' funds of knowledge, connect family engagement to student learning, and create welcoming, inviting cultures; and (2) Create systems that support staff and families in meaningful engagement (i.e., Leading by Convening and the Dual-Capacity Framework. For more information visit www.dualcapcity.org and www.ncsi.wested.org/resources/leading-by-convening); (b) Provide training and coaching to assist educators and early intervention providers to-- (1) Build their knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, aspirations, and behaviors about effective strategies to engage families in their child's learning; (2) Work with families to make collaborative, data-based decisions in the development and implementation of the child's IEP; and (3) Provide information and resources to families that enable them to support their children's learning and behavior at home; and (c) Provide training and coaching to families so they can-- (1) Meaningfully participate in the development and implementation of their child's IEP; (2) Participate in data-based decision making related to their child's education; and (3) Further their child's learning at home. In their applications, States must describe how their projects will meet these program requirements. In addition to these requirements, to be considered for funding under this priority, applicants must meet the application and administrative requirements under Common Requirements. Types of Priorities When inviting applications for a competition using one or more priorities, we designate the type of each priority as absolute, competitive preference, or invitational through a notice in the Federal Register. The effect of each type of priority follows: Absolute priority: Under an absolute priority, we consider only applications that meet the priority (34 CFR 75.105(c)(3)). Competitive preference priority: Under a competitive preference priority, we give competitive preference to an application by (1) awarding additional points, depending on the extent to which the application meets the priority (34 CFR 75.105(c)(2)(i)); or (2) selecting an application that meets the priority over an application of comparable merit that does not meet the priority (34 CFR 75.105(c)(2)(ii)). Invitational priority: Under an invitational priority, we are particularly interested in applications that meet the priority. However, we do not give an application that meets the priority a preference over other applications (34 CFR 75.105(c)(1)). This document does not preclude us from proposing additional priorities, requirements, definitions, or selection criteria, subject to meeting applicable rulemaking requirements. Note: This document does not solicit applications. In any year in which we choose to use one or more of these priorities, we invite applications through a notice in the Federal Register. Final Requirements The Assistant Secretary establishes the following final requirements for this program. We may apply one or more of these requirements in any year in which this program is in effect. Final Common Requirements In addition to the requirements contained in these priorities, to be considered for funding, applicants must meet the following application and administrative requirements: (a) Demonstrate, in the narrative section of the application under ``Significance,'' how the proposed project will-- (1) Align with and integrate other State initiatives and programs, as well as district and local improvement plans, to leverage existing professional development and data systems; (2) Develop and implement plans to sustain the grant program after the grant funding has ended; and (3) Integrate family engagement into all project efforts by supporting capacity building for personnel and families. (b) Demonstrate, in the narrative section of the application under ``Quality of Project Services,'' how the proposed project will-- (1) Ensure equal access and treatment for members of groups that have traditionally been underrepresented based on race, color, national origin, gender, age, or disability. To meet this requirement, the applicant must describe how it will-- (i) Develop the knowledge and ability of personnel to be culturally responsive and engage children and families with a strengths-based approach; (ii) Engage students, families, and community members to assess the appropriateness and impact of the intervention, program, or strategies; and (iii) Review program procedures and resources to ensure a diversity of perspectives are brought into the project; and (2) Achieve the project's goals and objectives. To meet this requirement, the applicant must provide-- (i) Either a logic model (as defined in 34 CFR 77.1) or theory of action (to be [[Page 56215]] provided in appendix A), which demonstrates how the proposed project will achieve intended measurable outcomes; (ii) A description of proposed in-State and national partners that the project will work with to achieve the goals and objectives of the grant and how the impact of these partnerships will be measured; and (iii) A description of how the project will be based on current research and make use of evidence-based (as defined in 34 CFR 77.1) practices. To meet this requirement, the applicant must describe-- (A) The current research base for the chosen interventions; (B) The evidence-based model or practices to be used in the project's professional development activities; and (C) How implementation science will be used to support full and sustained use of evidence-based practices and result in sustained systems of implementation support. (c) In the narrative section of the application under ``Quality of the project evaluation,'' include an evaluation plan for the project developed in consultation with and implemented by a third-party \2\ evaluator. The evaluation plan must-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\ A ``third-party'' evaluator is an independent and impartial program evaluator who is contracted by the grantee to conduct an objective evaluation of the project. This evaluator must not have participated in the development or implementation of any project activities, except for the evaluation activities, nor have any financial interest in the outcome of the evaluation. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Articulate formative and summative evaluation questions, including important process and outcome evaluation questions. These questions should be related to the project's proposed logic model or theory of action required under paragraph (b)(2)(i) of these requirements; (2) Describe how progress in and fidelity of implementation, as well as project outcomes, will be measured to answer the evaluation questions. Specify the measures and associated instruments or sources for data appropriate to the evaluation questions. Include information regarding reliability and validity of measures where appropriate; (3) Describe strategies for analyzing data and how data collected as part of this plan will be used to inform and improve service delivery over the course of the project and to refine the proposed logic model or theory of action and evaluation plan, including subsequent data collection; (4) Provide a timeline for conducting the evaluation and include staff assignments for completing the plan. The timeline must indicate that the data will be available annually for the annual performance report to the Department; and (5) Dedicate sufficient funds in each budget year to cover the costs of developing or refining the evaluation plan in consultation with a third-party evaluator, as well as the costs associated with the implementation of the evaluation plan by the third-party evaluator. (d) Demonstrate, in the narrative section of the application under ``Adequacy of resources,'' how-- (1) The proposed project will encourage applications for employment from persons who are members of groups that have traditionally been underrepresented based on race, color, national origin, gender, age, or disability, as appropriate; (2) The proposed key project personnel, consultants, and subcontractors have the qualifications and experience to carry out the proposed activities and achieve the project's intended outcomes; (3) The applicant and any key partners have adequate resources to carry out the proposed activities; and (4) The proposed costs are reasonable in relation to the anticipated results and benefits and funds will be spent in a way that increases their efficiency and cost-effectiveness, including by reducing waste or achieving better outcomes. (e) Demonstrate, in the narrative section of the application under ``Quality of the management plan,'' how the proposed management plan will ensure that the project's intended outcomes will be achieved on time and within budget. To address this requirement, the applicant must describe-- (1) Clearly defined responsibilities for key project personnel, consultants, and subcontractors, as applicable; (2) Timelines and milestones for accomplishing the project tasks; (3) How key project personnel and any consultants and subcontractors will be allocated to the project and how these allocations are appropriate and adequate to achieve the project's intended outcomes; and (4) How the proposed project will benefit from a diversity of perspectives, including those of families, educators, TA providers, researchers, and policy makers, among others, in its development and operation. (f) Address the following application requirements. The applicant must-- (1) Include, in appendix A, personnel-loading charts and timelines, as applicable, to illustrate the management plan described in the narrative; (2) Provide an assurance that any project website will include relevant information and documents in a form that meets a government or industry-recognized standard for accessibility; (3) Include, in the budget, attendance at the following: (i) An annual one and one-half day SPDG National Meeting in the Washington, DC area during each year of the project period; and (ii) A three-day project directors' conference in Washington, DC, during each year of the project period, provided that, if the conference is conducted virtually, the project must reallocate unused travel funds no later than the end of the third quarter of each budget period; and (4) Budget $6,000 annually for support of the SPDG program network and website currently administered by the University of Oregon (www.signetwork.org). Executive Orders 12866, 13563, and 14094 Regulatory Impact Analysis Under Executive Order 12866, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) determines whether this regulatory action is ``significant'' and, therefore, subject to the requirements of the Executive order and subject to review by OMB. Section 3(f) of Executive Order 12866, as amended by Executive Order 14094, defines a ``significant regulatory action'' as an action likely to result in a rule that may-- (1) Have an annual effect on the economy of $200 million or more (adjusted every 3 years by the Administrator of Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA) for changes in gross domestic product); or adversely affect in a material way the economy, a sector of the economy, productivity, competition, jobs, the environment, public health or safety, or State, local, territorial, or Tribal governments or communities; (2) Create a serious inconsistency or otherwise interfere with an action taken or planned by another agency; (3) Materially alter the budgetary impacts of entitlements, grants, user fees, or loan programs or the rights and obligations of recipients thereof; or (4) Raise legal or policy issues for which centralized review would meaningfully further the President's priorities or the principles stated in the Executive order, as specifically authorized in a timely manner by the Administrator of OIRA in each case. [[Page 56216]] This final regulatory action is not a significant regulatory action subject to review by OMB under section 3(f) of Executive Order 12866 (as amended by Executive Order 14094). Pursuant to the Congressional Review Act (5 U.S.C. 801 et seq.), the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs designated this rule as not a ``major rule,'' as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2). We have also reviewed this final regulatory action under Executive Order 13563, which supplements and explicitly reaffirms the principles, structures, and definitions governing regulatory review established in Executive Order 12866. To the extent permitted by law, Executive Order 13563 requires that an agency-- (1) Propose or adopt regulations only upon a reasoned determination that their benefits justify their costs (recognizing that some benefits and costs are difficult to quantify); (2) Tailor its regulations to impose the least burden on society, consistent with obtaining regulatory objectives and taking into account--among other things and to the extent practicable--the costs of cumulative regulations; (3) In choosing among alternative regulatory approaches, select those approaches that maximize net benefits (including potential economic, environmental, public health and safety, and other advantages; distributive impacts; and equity); (4) To the extent feasible, specify performance objectives, rather than the behavior or manner of compliance a regulated entity must adopt; and (5) Identify and assess available alternatives to direct regulation, including economic incentives--such as user fees or marketable permits--to encourage the desired behavior, or provide information that enables the public to make choices. Executive Order 13563 also requires an agency ``to use the best available techniques to quantify anticipated present and future benefits and costs as accurately as possible.'' The Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs of OMB has emphasized that these techniques may include ``identifying changing future compliance costs that might result from technological innovation or anticipated behavioral changes.'' We are issuing these final priorities and requirements only on a reasoned determination that their benefits justify the costs. In choosing among alternative regulatory approaches, we selected the approach that maximizes net benefits. Based on the analysis that follows, the Department believes that this regulatory action is consistent with the principles in Executive Order 13563. We also have determined that this regulatory action does not unduly interfere with State, local, and Tribal governments in the exercise of their governmental functions. In accordance with these Executive orders, the Department has assessed the potential costs and benefits, both quantitative and qualitative, of this regulatory action. The potential costs are those resulting from statutory requirements and those we have determined as necessary for administering the Department's programs and activities. Discussion of Potential Costs and Benefits The Department believes that the costs associated with the final priorities and requirements will be minimal, while the potential benefits are significant. The Department believes that this regulatory action does not impose significant costs on eligible entities. Participation in this program is voluntary, and the costs imposed on applicants by this regulatory action will be limited to paperwork burden related to preparing an application. The benefits of implementing the program will outweigh the costs incurred by applicants, and the costs of carrying out activities associated with the application will be paid for with program funds. For these reasons, we have determined that the costs of implementation will not be burdensome for eligible applicants, including small entities. Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 The final priorities, including requirements, contain information collection requirements that are approved by OMB under OMB control number 1820-0028; the final priorities, including requirements, do not affect the currently approved data collection. Regulatory Flexibility Act Certification: The Secretary certifies that this final regulatory action will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. The U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) Size Standards define proprietary institutions as small businesses if they are independently owned and operated, are not dominant in their field of operation, and have total annual revenue below $7,000,000. Nonprofit institutions are defined as small entities if they are independently owned and operated and not dominant in their field of operation. Public institutions are defined as small organizations if they are operated by a government overseeing a population below 50,000. Participation in the SPDG program is voluntary. In addition, the only eligible entities for this program are SEAs, which do not meet the definition of a small entity. For these reasons, the final priorities and requirements will not impose any additional burden on small entities. Intergovernmental Review: This program is subject to Executive Order 12372 and the regulations in 34 CFR part 79. One of the objectives of the Executive order is to foster an intergovernmental partnership and a strengthened federalism. The Executive order relies on processes developed by State and local governments for coordination and review of proposed Federal financial assistance. This document provides early notification of the Department's specific plans and actions for this program. Accessible Format: On request to the program contact person listed under FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT, individuals with disabilities can obtain this document in an accessible format. The Department will provide the requestor with an accessible format that may include Rich Text Format (RTF) or text format (txt), a thumb drive, an MP3 file, braille, large print, audiotape, compact disc, or other accessible format. Electronic Access to This Document: The official version of this document is the document published in the Federal Register. You may access the official edition of the Federal Register and the Code of Federal Regulations at www.govinfo.gov. At this site you can view this document, as well as all other Department documents published in the Federal Register, in text or Portable Document Format (PDF). To use PDF you must have Adobe Acrobat Reader, which is available free at the site. You may also access Department documents published in the Federal Register by using the article search feature at www.federalregister.gov. Specifically, through the advanced search feature at this site, you can limit your search to documents published by the Department. Glenna Wright-Gallo, Assistant Secretary for Special Education and Rehabilitative Services. [FR Doc. 2024-15047 Filed 7-5-24; 11:15 am] BILLING CODE 4000-01-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:57.539538

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15051

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Rules and Regulations] [Pages 56217-56222] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15051] [[Page 56217]] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION 34 CFR Chapter III [Docket ID ED-2024-OSERS-0011] Technical Assistance on State Data Collection--National Technical Assistance Center To Improve State Capacity To Collect, Report, Analyze, and Use Accurate IDEA Part B Data AGENCY: Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, Department of Education. ACTION: Final priority and requirements. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The Department of Education (Department) announces a priority and requirements for a National Technical Assistance Center to Improve State Capacity to Collect, Report, Analyze, and Use Accurate IDEA Part B Data (Data Center) under the Technical Assistance on State Data Collection program. The Department may use this priority and one or more of these requirements for competitions in fiscal year (FY) 2024 and later years. We take this action to focus attention on an identified national need to provide technical assistance (TA) to improve the capacity of States to meet the data collection requirements under Part B of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). This Center will support States in collecting, reporting, and determining how to best analyze and use their data and will customize its TA to meet each State's specific needs. DATES: The priority and requirements are effective August 8, 2024. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Richelle Davis, U.S. Department of Education, 400 Maryland Avenue SW, Room 4A10, Washington, DC 20202. Telephone: (202) 245-6391. Email: [email protected]. If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability and wish to access telecommunications relay services, please dial 7-1-1. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Purpose of Program: The purpose of the Technical Assistance on State Data Collection program is to improve the capacity of States to meet IDEA data collection and reporting requirements. Funding for the program is authorized under section 611(c)(1) of IDEA, which gives the Secretary authority to reserve not more than one-half of one percent of the amounts appropriated under Part B for each fiscal year to provide TA activities, where needed, to improve the capacity of States to meet the data collection and reporting requirements under Parts B and C of IDEA. The maximum amount the Secretary may reserve under this set-aside for any fiscal year is $25,000,000, cumulatively adjusted by the rate of inflation. Section 616(i) of IDEA requires the Secretary to review the data collection and analysis capacity of States to ensure that data and information determined necessary for implementation of section 616 of IDEA are collected, analyzed, and accurately reported to the Secretary. It also requires the Secretary to provide TA, where needed, to improve the capacity of States to meet the data collection requirements, which include the data collection and reporting requirements in sections 616 and 618 of IDEA. In addition, the Secretary may use funds reserved under section 611(c) of IDEA to ``administer and carry out other services and activities to improve data collection, coordination, quality, and use under parts B and C of the IDEA.'' Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024, Public Law 118-47, Division D, Title III, 138 Stat. 460, 685 (2024). Assistance Listing Number (ALN): 84.373Y. Program Authority: 20 U.S.C. 1411(c), 1416(i), 1418(c), 1418(d), 1442; Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024, Public Law 118-47, Division D, Title III, 138 Stat. 460, 685 (2024). Applicable Program Regulations: 34 CFR 300.702. We published a notice of proposed priority and requirements (NPP) for this program in the Federal Register on March 4, 2024 (89 FR 15525). That document contained background information and our reasons for proposing the priority and requirements. Public Comment: In response to our invitation in the NPP, nine parties submitted comments addressing the priority and requirements. Generally, we do not address technical and other minor changes, or suggested changes the law does not authorize us to make under the applicable statutory authority. In addition, we do not address general comments that raised concerns not directly related to the proposed priority and requirements. Analysis of Comments and Changes: An analysis of the comments and of any changes in the priority and requirements since publication of the NPP follows. We received comments on a number of specific topics, including funding and topics for TA. Each topic is addressed below. Comments: Multiple commenters specifically expressed support for the proposed center and the proposed objectives. Discussion: The Department appreciates the comments and agrees with the commenters that the Center funded under this program will provide necessary and valuable TA under the IDEA to States. Changes: None. Comments: One commenter proposed a shift towards a more participatory approach to data collection under the IDEA, an approach that would consider the voices and experiences of diverse stakeholders. Discussion: The Department appreciates the commenter's suggestion and shares their interest in obtaining broad and diverse input regarding the IDEA data collection process. Ultimately, the Department is required to collect these data under section 618 of IDEA. Thus, the participatory data collection methods that the commenter suggested, such as community forums, focus groups, and surveys designed to capture the perspectives and needs of diverse stakeholders, may be helpful as State educational agencies (SEAs) implement their IDEA data collection responsibilities, but are not applicable at this time when the Department's data collection is defined by the IDEA statute. Changes: None. Comments: In response to the Department's request for comment on whether it should utilize a phased-in approach for funding this Center, such that the award amount for the initial years of the project would be lower than the later years, the majority of commenters expressed concerns. Commenters specifically noted concerns about the funding level given the turnover and shortages on data staff faced by SEAs and need for the TA the Office of Special Education Programs (OSEP) data centers provide to new data staff, as well as the impact decreased TA would have on data quality. Discussion: The Department agrees that SEAs are facing significant issues related to shortages and turnover of their data staff. The Department also agrees that a substantial decrease in funding for TA could impact data quality. For this reason, the Department intends to limit any phased-in funding, with smaller awards in the initial years of the project and higher awards in later years (to the extent appropriations under IDEA by Congress permit this flexibility) and still maintain the proposed outcomes and activities. Changes: None. Comments: One commenter recommended including specific reference to artificial intelligence (AI) within the administrative requirements, [[Page 56218]] as it is an increasingly important technology in this field. Discussion: While we appreciate the commenter's interest in, and support of, AI for the data collection, reporting, and use of IDEA section 618 data, the Department will consider whether and how AI should be incorporated into the TA on data collection when the Department develops the cooperative agreement and during the implementation of the grant. Changes: None. Comments: One commenter proposed adding specific outcomes that support data integration efforts across State agencies and federally funded pre-kindergarten through age 21 education programs that would improve States' capacity to use data for programming decisions. Discussion: The Department appreciates and agrees with the need to support and increase data integration across State agencies. The Department funds the Center on the Integration of IDEA Data (CIID) to specifically support States on how to integrate and better use their Federal data, with a specific focus on the IDEA data (ALN 84.373M). Under the requirements within the priority, applicants must describe how they would collaborate and coordinate with other Department-funded TA investments, such as CIID, to align their work to better meet the purposes of the Center. In order to decrease confusion in the field and the potential overlap of this TA center and CIID, the Department declines to add an additional outcome related to State-level data integration. Changes: None. Final Priority National Technical Assistance Center to Improve State Capacity to Collect, Report, Analyze, and Use Accurate IDEA Part B Data. The purpose of this priority is to fund a cooperative agreement to establish and operate the National Technical Assistance Center to Improve State Capacity to Collect, Report, Analyze, and Use Accurate IDEA Part B Data (Data Center). The Data Center will provide TA to help States better meet current and future IDEA Part B data collection and reporting requirements, improve data quality, and analyze and use section 616, section 618, and other IDEA data (e.g., State Supplemental Survey-IDEA) to identify and address programmatic strengths and areas for improvement. The Data Center will provide TA to help States to (1) effectively and efficiently respond to all IDEA-related data submission requirements; (2) improve the analyses of IDEA data to the extent these analyses respond to critical policy questions that will facilitate program improvement and compliance accountability; and (3) comply with applicable privacy requirements, including the privacy and confidentiality requirements under IDEA and the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (20 U.S.C. 1232g) and its regulations at 34 CFR part 99.\1\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ The Center must review the need for additional resources (with input from the Department) and disseminate existing resources developed by the Department, such as: (1) IDEA/FERPA Crosswalk (Surprenant & Miller, August 24, 2022); and (2) Data sharing agreement template (at https://dasycenter.org/us-dept-ed-shares-idea-data-sharing-mou-template/. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- This Data Center will focus on providing TA on collecting, reporting, analyzing, and using Part B data on children with disabilities ages 3 through 21 required under sections 616 and 618 of IDEA. However, the Data Center will not provide TA on Part B data required under section 616 of IDEA for Indicators B7 (Preschool Outcomes) and B12 (Early Childhood Transition); TA on collecting, reporting, analyzing, and using Part B data associated with children with disabilities ages 3 through 5 for these indicators will be provided by the National IDEA Technical Assistance Center on Early Childhood Data Systems, ALN 84.373Z. The Center must achieve, at a minimum, the following expected outcomes: (a) Improved State data infrastructure by coordinating and promoting communication and effective data governance strategies among relevant State offices, including State educational agencies (SEAs), local educational agencies (LEAs), and schools to improve the quality of IDEA data required under sections 616 and 618 of IDEA; (b) Increased capacity of States to submit accurate and timely data, to enhance current State validation procedures, and to prevent future errors in State-reported IDEA Part B data; (c) Improved capacity of States to meet the data collection and reporting requirements under sections 616 and 618 of IDEA by addressing personnel training needs, developing effective tools (e.g., training modules) and resources (e.g., documentation of State data processes), and providing in-person and virtual opportunities for cross-State collaboration about data collection and reporting requirements that States can use to train personnel in schools, programs, agencies, and districts; (d) Improved capacity of SEAs, and LEAs in collaboration with SEAs, to collect, report, analyze, and use both SEA and LEA IDEA data to identify programmatic strengths and areas for improvement, address root causes of poor performance towards outcomes, and evaluate progress towards outcomes; (e) Improved IDEA data validation by using results from data reviews conducted by the Department to work with States to generate tools that can be used by States to lead to improvements in the validity and reliability of data required by IDEA and enable States to communicate accurate data to local consumers (e.g., parents and families, school boards, the general public); and (f) Increased capacity of States to collect, report, analyze, and use high-quality IDEA Part B data. Types of Priorities When inviting applications for a competition using one or more priorities, we designate the type of each priority as absolute, competitive preference, or invitational through a notice in the Federal Register. The effect of each type of priority follows: Absolute priority: Under an absolute priority, we consider only applications that meet the priority (34 CFR 75.105(c)(3)). Competitive preference priority: Under a competitive preference priority, we give competitive preference to an application by (1) awarding additional points, depending on the extent to which the application meets the priority (34 CFR 75.105(c)(2)(i)); or (2) selecting an application that meets the priority over an application of comparable merit that does not meet the priority (34 CFR 75.105(c)(2)(ii)). Invitational priority: Under an invitational priority, we are particularly interested in applications that meet the priority. However, we do not give an application that meets the priority a preference over other applications (34 CFR 75.105(c)(1)). This document does not preclude us from proposing additional priorities or requirements, subject to meeting applicable rulemaking requirements. Note: This document does not solicit applications. In any year in which we choose to use this priority and these requirements, we invite applications through a notice in the Federal Register. Final Requirements The Assistant Secretary establishes the following requirements for this program. We may apply one or more of these requirements in any year in which this program is in effect. Requirements Applicants must-- [[Page 56219]] (a) Demonstrate, in the narrative section of the application under ``Significance,'' how the proposed project will-- (1) Address the capacity needs of SEAs and LEAs to meet IDEA Part B data collection and reporting requirements and to increase their capacity to analyze and use section 616 and section 618 data as both a means of improving data quality and identifying programmatic strengths and areas for improvement. To meet this requirement the applicant must-- (i) Demonstrate knowledge of current educational issues and policy initiatives about IDEA Part B data collection and reporting requirements and knowledge of State and local data collection systems, as appropriate; (ii) Present applicable national, State, and local data to demonstrate the capacity needs of SEAs and LEAs to meet IDEA Part B data collection and reporting requirements and use section 616 and section 618 data as a means of both improving data quality and identifying programmatic strengths and areas for improvement; and (iii) Describe how SEAs and LEAs are currently meeting IDEA Part B data collection and reporting requirements and use section 616 and section 618 data as a means of both improving data quality and identifying programmatic strengths and areas for improvement. (b) Demonstrate, in the narrative section of the application under ``Quality of project services,'' how the proposed project will-- (1) Ensure equal access and treatment for members of groups that have traditionally been underrepresented based on race, color, national origin, gender, age, or disability. To meet this requirement, the applicant must describe how it will-- (i) Identify the needs of the intended recipients for TA and information; and (ii) Ensure that products and services meet the needs of the intended recipients of the grant; (2) Achieve its goals, objectives, and intended outcomes. To meet this requirement, the applicant must provide-- (i) Measurable intended project outcomes; and (ii) In appendix A, the logic model (as defined in 34 CFR 77.1) by which the proposed project will achieve its intended outcomes, which depicts, at a minimum, the goals, activities, outputs, and intended outcomes of the proposed project; (3) Use a conceptual framework (and provide a copy in appendix A) to develop project plans and activities, describing any underlying concepts, assumptions, expectations, beliefs, or theories, as well as the presumed relationships or linkages among these variables, and any empirical support for this framework; Note: The following websites provide more information on logic models and conceptual frameworks: https://osepideasthatwork.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ConceptualFramework_Updated.pdf and www.osepideasthatwork.org/resources-grantees/program-areas/ta-ta/tad-project-logic-model-and-conceptual-framework. (4) Be based on current research and make use of evidence-based practices (EBPs).\2\ To meet this requirement, the applicant must describe-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\ For purposes of these requirements, ``evidence-based practices'' (EBPs) means, at a minimum, demonstrating a rationale (as defined in 34 CFR 77.1) based on high-quality research findings or positive evaluation that such activity, strategy, or intervention is likely to improve student outcomes or other relevant outcomes. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (i) The current research on the capacity of SEAs and LEAs to report and use data, specifically section 616 and section 618 data, as both a means of improving data quality and identifying strengths and areas for improvement; and (ii) How the proposed project will incorporate current research and EBPs in the development and delivery of its products and services; (5) Develop products and provide services that are of high quality and sufficient intensity and duration to achieve the intended outcomes of the proposed project. To address this requirement, the applicant must describe-- (i) How it proposes to identify and develop the knowledge base on the capacity needs of SEAs and LEAs to meet IDEA Part B data collection and reporting requirements and SEA and LEA analysis and use of sections 616 and 618 data as a means of both improving data quality and identifying programmatic strengths and areas for improvement; (ii) Its proposed approach to universal, general TA,\3\ which must identify the intended recipients, including the type and number of recipients, that will receive the products and services under this approach; --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \3\ ``Universal, general TA'' means TA and information provided to independent users through their own initiative, resulting in minimal interaction with TA center staff and including one-time, invited or offered conference presentations by TA center staff. This category of TA also includes information or products, such as newsletters, guidebooks, or research syntheses, downloaded from the TA center's website by independent users. Brief communications by TA center staff with recipients, either by telephone or email, are also considered universal, general TA. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (iii) Its proposed approach to targeted, specialized TA,\4\ which must identify-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \4\ ``Targeted, specialized TA'' means TA services based on needs common to multiple recipients and not extensively individualized. A relationship is established between the TA recipient and one or more TA center staff. This category of TA includes one-time, labor-intensive events, such as facilitating strategic planning or hosting regional or national conferences. It can also include episodic, less labor-intensive events that extend over a period of time, such as facilitating a series of conference calls on single or multiple topics that are designed around the needs of the recipients. Facilitating communities of practice can also be considered targeted, specialized TA. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (A) The intended recipients, including the type and number of recipients, that will receive the products and services under this approach; and (B) Its proposed approach to measure the readiness of potential TA recipients to work with the project, assessing, at a minimum, their current infrastructure, available resources, and ability to build capacity at the local level; and (iv) Its proposed approach to intensive, sustained TA,\5\ which must identify-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \5\ ``Intensive, sustained TA'' means TA services often provided on-site and requiring a stable, ongoing relationship between the TA center staff and the TA recipient. ``TA services'' are defined as negotiated series of activities designed to reach a valued outcome. This category of TA should result in changes to policy, program, practice, or operations that support increased recipient capacity or improved outcomes at one or more systems levels. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (A) The intended recipients, including the type and number of recipients, that will receive the products and services under this approach; (B) Its proposed approach to measure the readiness of SEA personnel to work with the project, including their commitment to the initiative, alignment of the initiative to their needs, current infrastructure, available resources, and ability to build capacity at the SEA and LEA levels; (C) Its proposed approach to prioritizing TA recipients with a primary focus on meeting the needs of States with known ongoing data quality issues, as measured by the Office of Special Education Programs' (OSEP's) review of the quality of the IDEA sections 616 and 618 data; (D) Its proposed plan for assisting SEAs (and LEAs, in conjunction with SEAs) to build or enhance training systems related to the IDEA Part B data collection and reporting requirements that include professional development based on adult learning principles and coaching; (E) Its proposed plan for working with appropriate levels of the education system (e.g., SEAs, regional TA [[Page 56220]] providers, LEAs, schools, and families) to ensure that there is communication between each level and that there are systems in place to support the capacity needs of SEAs and LEAs to meet Part B data collection and reporting requirements under sections 616 and 618 of the IDEA; and (F) Its proposed plan for collaborating and coordinating with Department-funded TA investments (e.g., the Center funded under 84.373Z, the Center for IDEA Fiscal Reporting, the Center for the Integration of IDEA Data, the Data Center to Address Significant Disproportionality, and the Weiss Center) and Institute of Education Sciences/National Center for Education Statistics research and development investments, where appropriate, in order to align complementary work and jointly develop and implement products and services to meet the purposes of this priority; and (6) Develop products and implement services that maximize efficiency. To address this requirement, the applicant must describe-- (i) How the proposed project will use technology to achieve the intended project outcomes; (ii) With whom the proposed project will collaborate and the intended outcomes of this collaboration; and (iii) How the proposed project will use non-project resources to achieve the intended project outcomes. (c) In the narrative section of the application under ``Quality of the project evaluation,'' include an evaluation plan for the project developed in consultation with and implemented by a third-party evaluator.\6\ The evaluation plan must-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \6\ A ``third-party'' evaluator is an independent and impartial program evaluator who is contracted by the grantee to conduct an objective evaluation of the project. This evaluator must not have participated in the development or implementation of any project activities, except for the evaluation activities, nor have any financial interest in the outcome of the evaluation. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Articulate formative and summative evaluation questions, including important process and outcome evaluation questions. These questions should be related to the project's proposed logic model required in paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of these application and administrative requirements; (2) Describe how progress in and fidelity of implementation, as well as project outcomes, will be measured to answer the evaluation questions. Specify the measures and associated instruments or sources for data appropriate to the evaluation questions. Include information regarding reliability and validity of measures where appropriate; (3) Describe strategies for analyzing data and how data collected as part of this plan will be used to inform and improve service delivery over the course of the project and to refine the proposed logic model and evaluation plan, including subsequent data collection; (4) Provide a timeline for conducting the evaluation and include staff assignments for completing the plan. The timeline must indicate that the data will be available annually for the annual performance report and at the end of Year 2 for the review process; and (5) Dedicate sufficient funds in each budget year to cover the costs of developing or refining the evaluation plan in consultation with a third-party evaluator, as well as the costs associated with the implementation of the evaluation plan by the third-party evaluator. (d) Demonstrate, in the narrative section of the application under ``Adequacy of resources and quality of project personnel,'' how-- (1) The proposed project will encourage applications for employment from persons who are members of groups that have traditionally been underrepresented based on race, color, national origin, gender, age, or disability, as appropriate; (2) The proposed key project personnel, consultants, and subcontractors have the qualifications and experience to carry out the proposed activities and achieve the project's intended outcomes; (3) The applicant and any key partners have adequate resources to carry out the proposed activities; and (4) The proposed costs are reasonable in relation to the anticipated results and benefits, and funds will be spent in a way that increases their efficiency and cost-effectiveness, including by reducing waste or achieving better outcomes. (e) Demonstrate, in the narrative section of the application under ``Quality of the management plan,'' how-- (1) The proposed management plan will ensure that the project's intended outcomes will be achieved on time and within budget. To address this requirement, the applicant must describe-- (i) Clearly defined responsibilities for key project personnel, consultants, and subcontractors, as applicable; and (ii) Timelines and milestones for accomplishing the project tasks; (2) Key project personnel and any consultants and subcontractors will be allocated to the project and how these allocations are appropriate and adequate to achieve the project's intended outcomes; (3) The proposed management plan will ensure that the products and services provided are of high quality, relevant, easily accessible, and useful to recipients; and (4) The proposed project will benefit from a diversity of perspectives, including those of families, educators, TA providers, researchers, and policy makers, among others, in its development and operation. (f) Address the following application requirements: (1) Include, in appendix A, personnel-loading charts and timelines, as applicable, to illustrate the management plan described in the narrative; (2) Include, in the budget, attendance at the following: (i) A one and one-half day kick-off meeting in Washington, DC, after receipt of the award, and an annual planning meeting in Washington, DC, with the OSEP project officer and other relevant staff during each subsequent year of the project period. Note: Within 30 days of receipt of the award, a post-award teleconference must be held between the OSEP project officer and the grantee's project director or other authorized representative; (ii) A two and one-half day project directors' conference in Washington, DC, during each year of the project period; and (iii) Three annual two-day trips to attend Department briefings, Department-sponsored conferences, and other meetings, as requested by OSEP; (3) Include, in the budget, a line item for an annual set-aside of 5 percent of the grant amount to support emerging needs that are consistent with the proposed project's intended outcomes, as those needs are identified in consultation with, and approved by, the OSEP project officer. With approval from the OSEP project officer, the project must reallocate any remaining funds from this annual set-aside no later than the end of the third quarter of each budget period; (4) Provide an assurance that it will maintain a high-quality website, with an easy-to-navigate design, that meets government or industry-recognized standards for accessibility; (5) Include, in appendix A, an assurance to assist OSEP with the transfer of pertinent resources and products and to maintain the continuity of services to States during the transition to this new award period and at the end of this award period, as appropriate; and [[Page 56221]] (6) Budget at least 50 percent of the grant award for providing targeted and intensive TA to States. Executive Orders 12866, 13563, and 14094 Regulatory Impact Analysis Under Executive Order 12866, the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) must determine whether this regulatory action is ``significant'' and, therefore, subject to the requirements of the Executive order and subject to review by OMB. Section 3(f) of Executive Order 12866, as amended by Executive Order 14094, defines a ``significant regulatory action'' as an action likely to result in a rule that may-- (1) Have an annual effect on the economy of $200 million or more (adjusted every 3 years by the Administrator of Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA) for changes in gross domestic product); or adversely affect in a material way the economy, a sector of the economy, productivity, competition, jobs, the environment, public health or safety, or State, local, territorial, or Tribal governments or communities; (2) Create a serious inconsistency or otherwise interfere with an action taken or planned by another agency; (3) Materially alter the budgetary impacts of entitlements, grants, user fees, or loan programs or the rights and obligations of recipients thereof; or (4) Raise legal or policy issues for which centralized review would meaningfully further the President's priorities or the principles stated in the Executive order, as specifically authorized in a timely manner by the Administrator of OIRA in each case. This final regulatory action is not a significant regulatory action subject to review by OMB under section 3(f) of Executive Order 12866 (as amended by Executive Order 14094). Pursuant to the Congressional Review Act (5 U.S.C. 801 et seq.), the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs designated this rule as not a ``major rule,'' as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2). We have also reviewed this final regulatory action under Executive Order 13563, which supplements and explicitly reaffirms the principles, structures, and definitions governing regulatory review established in Executive Order 12866. To the extent permitted by law, Executive Order 13563 requires that an agency-- (1) Propose or adopt regulations only upon a reasoned determination that their benefits justify their costs (recognizing that some benefits and costs are difficult to quantify); (2) Tailor its regulations to impose the least burden on society, consistent with obtaining regulatory objectives and taking into account--among other things and to the extent practicable--the costs of cumulative regulations; (3) In choosing among alternative regulatory approaches, select those approaches that maximize net benefits (including potential economic, environmental, public health and safety, and other advantages; distributive impacts; and equity); (4) To the extent feasible, specify performance objectives, rather than the behavior or manner of compliance a regulated entity must adopt; and (5) Identify and assess available alternatives to direct regulation, including economic incentives--such as user fees or marketable permits--to encourage the desired behavior, or provide information that enables the public to make choices. Executive Order 13563 also requires an agency ``to use the best available techniques to quantify anticipated present and future benefits and costs as accurately as possible.'' The Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs of OMB has emphasized that these techniques may include ``identifying changing future compliance costs that might result from technological innovation or anticipated behavioral changes.'' We are issuing the final priority and requirements only on a reasoned determination that their benefits justify the costs. In choosing among alternative regulatory approaches, we selected those approaches that maximize net benefits. Based on the analysis that follows, the Department believes that this regulatory action is consistent with the principles in Executive Order 13563. We also have determined that this regulatory action does not unduly interfere with State, local, and Tribal governments in the exercise of their governmental functions. In accordance with these Executive orders, the Department has assessed the potential costs and benefits, both quantitative and qualitative, of this regulatory action. The potential costs are those resulting from statutory requirements and those we have determined as necessary for administering the Department's programs and activities. Discussion of Potential Costs and Benefits The Department believes that this regulatory action does not impose significant costs on eligible entities, whose participation in this program is voluntary. While this action does impose some requirements on participating grantees that are cost-bearing, the Department expects that applicants for this program will include in their proposed budgets a request for funds to support compliance with such cost-bearing requirements. Therefore, costs associated with meeting these requirements are, in the Department's estimation, minimal. The Department believes that the benefits to the Federal Government outweigh the costs associated with this action. Regulatory Alternatives Considered The Department believes that the priority and requirements are needed to administer the program effectively. Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 The final priority, including requirements, contains information collection requirements that are approved by OMB under OMB control number 1820-0028; the final priority, including requirements, does not affect the currently approved data collection. Regulatory Flexibility Act Certification: The Secretary certifies that this final regulatory action will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. The small entities that this final regulatory action will affect are LEAs, including charter schools that operate as LEAs under State law; institutions of higher education; other public agencies; private nonprofit organizations; freely associated States and outlying areas; Indian Tribes or Tribal organizations; and for-profit organizations. We believe that the costs imposed on an applicant by this final priority, including requirements, will be limited to paperwork burden related to preparing an application and that the benefits of this final priority will outweigh any costs incurred by the applicant. Participation in the Technical Assistance on State Data Collection program is voluntary. For this reason, the final priority and requirements impose no burden on small entities unless they applied for funding under the program. We expect that in determining whether to apply for Technical Assistance on State Data Collection program funds, an eligible entity will evaluate the requirements of preparing an application and any associated costs and weigh them against the benefits likely to be achieved by receiving a Technical Assistance on State Data Collection program grant. An eligible entity will most likely apply only if it determines that the likely benefits exceed the costs of preparing an application. [[Page 56222]] We believe that the final priority and requirements will not impose any additional burden on a small entity applying for a grant than the entity would face in the absence of the proposed action. That is, the length of the applications those entities would submit in the absence of this final regulatory action and the time needed to prepare an application will likely be the same. This final regulatory action will not have a significant economic impact on a small entity once it receives a grant because it will be able to meet the costs of compliance using the funds provided under this program. Intergovernmental Review: This program is subject to Executive Order 12372 and the regulations in 34 CFR part 79. One of the objectives of the Executive order is to foster an intergovernmental partnership and a strengthened federalism. The Executive order relies on processes developed by State and local governments for coordination and review of proposed Federal financial assistance. This document provides early notification of our specific plans and actions for this program. Accessible Format: On request to the program contact person listed under FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT, individuals with disabilities can obtain this document in an accessible format. The Department will provide the requestor with an accessible format that may include Rich Text Format (RTF) or text format (txt), a thumb drive, an MP3 file, braille, large print, audiotape, compact disc, or other accessible format. Electronic Access to This Document: The official version of this document is the document published in the Federal Register. You may access the official edition of the Federal Register and the Code of Federal Regulations at www.govinfo.gov. At this site you can view this document, as well as all other Department documents published in the Federal Register, in text or Portable Document Format (PDF). To use PDF you must have Adobe Acrobat Reader, which is available free at the site. You may also access Department documents published in the Federal Register by using the article search feature at www.federalregister.gov. Specifically, through the advanced search feature at this site, you can limit your search to documents published by the Department. Glenna Wright-Gallo, Assistant Secretary for Special Education and Rehabilitative Services. [FR Doc. 2024-15051 Filed 7-5-24; 11:15 am] BILLING CODE 4000-01-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:57.639450

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14355

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Rules and Regulations] [Pages 56222-56231] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14355] ======================================================================= ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 40 CFR Part 52 [EPA-R09-OAR-2023-0524; FRL-11525-02-R9] Air Plan Revisions; California; Vehicle Inspection and Maintenance Contingency Measure AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Final rule. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: Under the Clean Air Act (CAA or ``Act''), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is taking final action to approve revisions to the California State Implementation Plan (SIP). These revisions concern an amendment to the California motor vehicle inspection and maintenance (I/M) program (also referred to as ``Smog Check'') to include a contingency measure that, if triggered, would narrow the Smog Check inspection exemption for newer model year vehicles in certain California nonattainment areas. The EPA is taking final action to approve, as part of the California SIP, the contingency measure and a related statutory provision that authorizes the contingency measure because they meet all the applicable requirements. DATES: This rule is effective August 8, 2024. ADDRESSES: The EPA has established a docket for this action under Docket ID No. EPA-R09-OAR-2023-0524. All documents in the docket are listed on the https://www.regulations.gov website. Although listed in the index, some information is not publicly available, e.g., Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such as copyrighted material, is not placed on the internet and will be publicly available only in hard copy form. Publicly available docket materials are available through https://www.regulations.gov, or please contact the person identified in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section for additional availability information. If you need assistance in a language other than English or if you are a person with a disability who needs a reasonable accommodation at no cost to you, please contact the person identified in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jeffrey Buss, EPA Region IX, 75 Hawthorne St., San Francisco, CA 94105; phone: (415) 947-4152; email: [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Throughout this document, ``we,'' ``us'' and ``our'' refer to the EPA. Table of Contents I. Summary of Proposed Action II. Public Comments and EPA Responses III. Environmental Justice Considerations IV. EPA Action V. Incorporation by Reference VI. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews I. Summary of Proposed Action On December 20, 2023 (88 FR 87981) (``proposed rule''), the EPA proposed to approve a SIP revision concerning an amendment to the California Smog Check program to include a contingency measure to address in part the requirements of CAA sections 172(c)(9) and 182(c)(9) and 40 CFR 51.1014 for certain nonattainment areas in California. This contingency measure, if triggered, would narrow the existing Smog Check inspection exemption for newer model year vehicles in certain California nonattainment areas. The SIP revision is titled ``California Smog Check Contingency Measure State Implementation Plan Revision'' (Released: September 15, 2023) (``Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP''). The Smog Check Contingency Measure itself is presented in Section 4 of the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP. Other sections of the submission address the contingency measure requirements, discuss the opportunities for the California Air Resources Board (CARB) to adopt contingency measures, provide the background on the California Smog Check program, and present the emission reductions estimates for the ten California nonattainment areas for which the Smog Check Contingency Measure was developed. The appendices included with the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP include an infeasibility analysis, documentation of emissions estimates, and California Health & Safety Code (H&SC) section 44011(a)(4)(A) and (B), effective October 10, 2017. In Table 1, we list the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP and the related statutory provision with the dates they were adopted and submitted by CARB. [[Page 56223]] Table 1--Submitted Measure and Statutory Provision ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Measure/statutory Agency Statute No. provision title Adopted/amended/ revised Submitted ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CARB......... Not Applicable.... California Smog October 26, 2023............. November 13, 2023. Check Contingency Measure State Implementation Plan Revision. CARB......... California H&SC Certificate of Effective on October 10, 2017 November 13, 2023. section compliance or 44011(a)(4)(A) noncompliance; and (B). biennial requirement; exceptions; inspections; exemption from testing for collector motor vehicle. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- In our December 20, 2023 proposed rule, we provided a discussion of the regulatory background leading to CARB's adoption and submission of the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP. In short, CARB submitted the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP to address, in part, the contingency measure requirements under CAA sections 172(c)(9) and 182(c)(9) and 40 CFR 51.1014 for certain nonattainment areas with respect to certain ozone and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS). The applicable nonattainment areas and NAAQS are Coachella Valley (2008 and 2015 ozone NAAQS), Eastern Kern County (2008 and 2015 ozone NAAQS), Mariposa County (2015 ozone NAAQS), Sacramento Metro Area (2008 and 2015 ozone NAAQS), San Diego County (2008 and 2015 ozone NAAQS), San Joaquin Valley (1997, 2008, and 2015 ozone NAAQS; 1997 annual, 2006 24-hour, and 2012 annual PM2.5 NAAQS), South Coast Air Basin (2008 and 2015 ozone NAAQS; 2012 annual PM2.5 NAAQS), Ventura County (2015 ozone NAAQS), Western Mojave Desert (2008 and 2015 ozone NAAQS) and Western Nevada County (2015 ozone NAAQS).\1\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP, Table 1, at page 3. The Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP lists the various NAAQS by their associated concentration level rather than by the year the EPA promulgated the standard. The various ozone NAAQS addressed by the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP include the 70 parts per billion (ppb) ozone NAAQS (2015 ozone NAAQS), the 75 ppb ozone NAAQS (2008 ozone NAAQS), the 80 ppb ozone NAAQS (1997 ozone NAAQS), the 15 micrograms per cubic meter ([micro]g/m\3\) PM2.5 NAAQS (the 1997 annual PM2.5 NAAQS), the 35 [micro]g/m\3\ PM2.5 NAAQS (the 2006 24-hour PM2.5 NAAQS), and the 12 [micro]g/m\3\ PM2.5 NAAQS (the 2012 annual PM2.5 NAAQS). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- In our proposed rule, we explained that, under the current California Smog Check program, certain vehicles are exempt from the biennial inspection requirement, including vehicles eight or fewer model years old. The Smog Check Contingency Measure, if triggered, will reduce this exemption to vehicles seven or fewer model years old in the nonattainment area(s) at issue upon the first triggering event and to vehicles six or fewer model years old in the nonattainment area(s) at issue upon a second triggering event. Reducing the inspection exemption will increase the number of inspected and repaired vehicles and therefore result in additional emission reductions.\2\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\ 88 FR 87981, page 87983. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Under the Smog Check Contingency Measure, within 30 days of the EPA's determination that a nonattainment area covered by the measure has failed to meet a reasonable further progress (RFP) milestone, meet a qualitative milestone, submit a required quantitative milestone report or milestone compliance demonstration, or attain the relevant NAAQS by the applicable attainment date, CARB will be obligated to transmit a letter to the California Bureau of Automotive Repair (BAR) and the California Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV). CARB's letter will include the necessary finding that providing an exemption from Smog Check for certain vehicles in the area(s) (defined by specified ZIP Codes) at issue will prohibit the State from meeting the State's commitments with respect to the SIP required by the CAA, effectuating a reduction in the Smog Check vehicle inspection exemption to begin with the new calendar year.\3\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \3\ Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP, at pages 16-17. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Upon receipt of the CARB letter and the applicable ZIP Codes, CARB, BAR and DMV staff will begin implementation of the change in exemption length to Smog Check and take the following actions: \4\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \4\ Id. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DMV will update their Smog Check renewal programing to require a Smog Check inspection for the eight model years old vehicles (or seven model years old vehicles in the case of a second trigger) in the ZIP Codes provided by CARB staff; The eight to seven model years old (or seven to six model years old) exemption change will begin for registrations expiring beginning January 1st of the applicable year, considering the time it takes for DMV to program this change and their registration renewal process; 60 days before the expiration date of the vehicle registration, DMV will send out registration renewals that include these newly impacted vehicles along with those already subject to Smog Check inspection; The notice will include information on the change in exemptions, reason for change, and resources for obtaining a Smog Check inspection from a certified station; CARB staff will work with DMV to develop and include an informational paper that will accompany the registration renewal with the information as included in the notice; and BAR and DMV will administer and enforce the new changes to the Smog Check Program. In our December 20, 2023 proposed rule, we provided our evaluation of the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP and our rationale for proposing approval.\5\ In short, we found that CARB had met the procedural requirements for SIPs and SIP revisions, found that CARB had adequate legal authority to implement the Smog Check Contingency Measure, and found that the applicable State agencies would have adequate personnel and funding for carrying out the Smog Check Contingency Measure. We also explained how the Smog Check Contingency Measure would be enforceable as required under CAA section 110(a)(2), how the Smog Check Contingency Measure would meet the requirements for an individual contingency measure under CAA sections 172(c)(9) and 182(c)(9) and 40 CFR 51.1014, and how approval of the Smog Check Contingency Measure would not interfere with RFP, attainment, or any other applicable requirement of the Act consistent with the requirements under CAA section 110(l). In addition, we presented CARB's estimates of the expected emissions reductions from implementation of the Smog Check Contingency Measure in the various nonattainment areas for the relevant NAAQS for which the measure was developed. We indicated that, based on [[Page 56224]] our review, we found the estimates to be reasonable and adequately documented. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \5\ 88 FR 87981, pages 87983-87987. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Last, we explained that we were proposing to approve the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP as providing an individual contingency measure for the various applicable nonattainment areas and NAAQS, but we were not proposing to make any determination as to whether the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP would be sufficient by itself for CARB and the relevant air districts to fully comply with the contingency measure SIP requirements in any specific nonattainment area for any specific NAAQS under CAA sections 172(c)(9) and 182(c)(9) and 40 CFR 51.1014. We indicated in our proposed rule that we will be evaluating the contingency measure SIP plan elements for compliance with the full SIP requirements under CAA sections 172(c)(9) and 182(c)(9) and 40 CFR 51.1014 in the relevant future actions on nonattainment plan SIP submissions for each respective nonattainment area. In these separate actions, we will evaluate the estimated emissions reductions from the Smog Check Contingency Measure, in conjunction with the estimated emission reductions from any other submitted contingency measures for each area and each NAAQS at issue, to determine whether the contingency measures, taken together, provide the requisite emissions reductions or otherwise meet the contingency measure requirements under CAA sections 172(c)(9) and 182(c)(9) and 40 CFR 51.1014, as applicable. Our December 20, 2023 proposed rule contains more information on the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP and our rationale for proposing approval. II. Public Comments and EPA Responses The EPA's proposed action provided a 30-day public comment period. During this period, we received comments from CARB,\6\ comments from a group comprised of the Central California Environmental Justice Network, Committee for a Better Arvin, Medical Advocates for Healthy Air, and Healthy Environment for All Lives (collectively referred to in this document as ``Valley EJ Organizations'') \7\ and comments from a group comprised of the Central Valley Air Quality Coalition, National Park Conservation Association, Little Manila Rising and Valley Improvement Projects (collectively referred to in this document as ``CVAQ'').\8\ All the comment letters and exhibits can be found in the docket for this rulemaking. In the following paragraphs, we summarize the comments and provide our responses. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \6\ Letter from Steven S. Cliff, Ph.D., Executive Officer, CARB, to Martha Guzman, Regional Administrator, EPA Region IX, dated January 12, 2024. \7\ Letter from Brent Newell, Attorney for Central California Environmental Justice Network, Committee for a Better Arvin, Medical Advocates for Healthy Air, and Healthy Environment for All Lives, to Jeffrey Buss and Rory Mays, EPA Region IX, dated January 19, 2024. The letter includes 16 exhibits as attachments. \8\ Letter from Dr. Catherine Garoupa, Executive Director, CVAQ, et al., to Jeffrey Buss, EPA Region IX, dated January 19, 2024. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CARB Comment #1: CARB indicates that, in the proposed rule, the EPA erroneously indicates that the Smog Check Contingency Measure is designed to achieve the estimated emissions reductions within roughly a year of the triggering event. CARB clarifies that instead, the Smog Check Contingency Measure is designed to achieve emissions reductions as soon as possible within a two-year time frame after the triggering event, recognizing that changes in Smog Check exemptions would begin at the start of a calendar year, that the California DMV will require time to update their systems and notify vehicle owners impacted by the measure, and that triggering events are dependent on the effective date of the EPA action. The California DMV's vehicle registration renewal program cycles annually beginning on January 1st of each year. Thus, CARB explains that, depending upon when the Smog Check Contingency Measure is triggered, when the DMV completes the related systems' update and provides notification to affected vehicle owners, and the length of time left until the beginning of the next calendar year, it could take more than one year to achieve the associated emissions reductions, but that these reductions should occur within two years from an applicable triggering event. CARB believes that this timeline for achieving reductions from the Smog Check Contingency Measure is consistent with the EPA's draft contingency measure guidance concerning the timing of emissions reductions from contingency measures. EPA Response to CARB Comment #1: The EPA appreciates CARB's clarification of the timeline for when emissions reductions from the measure would be achieved (once triggered). While the timeline for achieving emissions reductions is potentially longer than we described in our proposed rule, we do not find the more extended timeline to present an obstacle to approval of the contingency measure because the reductions occur within two years and CARB's explanation is reasonable as to why the reductions cannot occur within the first year. Based on CARB's explanation, we now more fully understand that the California DMV's vehicle registration renewal program cycles annually beginning on January 1st of each year, and thus, if the contingency measure triggering event (e.g., finding of failure to attain the NAAQS by the applicable attainment date) occurs late in the calendar year, DMV will not have time to update its Smog Check renewal programming in the ZIP Codes provided by CARB in time for the registration renewals to be available for mailing to vehicle owners who must renew their registrations in January. If there is insufficient time, then DMV's update to the Smog Check renewal programming will not be reflected in vehicle registration renewal notices until the following January 1st. The EPA understands that as a result of the existing vehicle registration cycle, the full anticipated emission reductions would take longer to achieve, but this is reasonable given the nature of the measure. In March 2023, the EPA published notice of availability of a new draft guidance addressing the contingency measure SIP requirements in section 172(c)(9) for nonattainment areas generally and in CAA section 182(c)(9) for ozone nonattainment areas classified Serious and higher. This document is entitled ``Draft: Guidance on the Preparation of State Implementation Plan Provisions that Address the Nonattainment Area Contingency Measure Requirements for Ozone and Particulate Matter (DRAFT-- 3/17/23--Public Review Version)'' (referred to in this document as the ``Draft Revised Contingency Measure Guidance''). The EPA provided an opportunity for public comment.\9\ The principal differences between the Draft Revised Contingency Measure Guidance and existing guidance on contingency measures relate to the EPA's recommendations concerning the specific amount of emission reductions that implementation of contingency measures should achieve and the timing for when the emissions reductions from the contingency measures should occur. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \9\ 88 FR 17571 (March 23, 2023). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- With respect to the time period within which reductions from contingency measures should occur, the EPA previously recommended that contingency measures take effect within 60 days of a triggering event, and that the resulting emission reductions generally occur within one year of the triggering event. Under the Draft [[Page 56225]] Revised Contingency Measure Guidance, in instances where there are insufficient contingency measures available to achieve the recommended amount of emissions reductions within one year of the triggering event, the EPA believes that contingency measures that provide reductions within two years of the triggering event would be appropriate to consider toward achieving the recommended amount of emissions reductions. We think that contingency measures that result in additional emissions reductions during the second year following the triggering event, as contemplated by the Draft Revised Contingency Measure Guidance, would still serve the important purpose of contingency measures to continue progress towards attainment, as the State develops and submits, and the EPA acts on, a SIP submission to address the underlying deficiency.\10\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \10\ Draft Revised Contingency Measure Guidance, page 41. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- As discussed in our Draft Revised Contingency Measure Guidance document, we believe that reductions from contingency measures should be achieved as soon as possible. If an air agency elects to adopt contingency measures that will require more than one year from the triggering event to achieve the full amount of necessary reductions, then it should provide an adequate explanation of why the reductions could not be achieved within the first year and how much additional time is needed (up to one additional year).\11\ We find that CARB's clarification of the timeline for achieving full emissions reductions from the Smog Check Contingency Measure (summarized in CARB Comment #1) adequately explains why the reductions may not be fully achieved until the second year after the triggering event. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \11\ Id. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CARB Comment #2: CARB disagrees with the EPA's presentation in Table 2 of the proposed rule of the emissions reductions estimates for the Smog Check Contingency Measure in the applicable nonattainment areas for the relevant NAAQS. Specifically, CARB contends that the EPA should not have discounted the emissions reductions calculated for implementation of the Smog Check Contingency Measure by the potentially foregone emissions reductions calculated from the reduction in Carl Moyer Memorial Air Quality Standards Attainment Program (``Carl Moyer Program'') \12\ funding due to decreased funding from the Smog Check abatement fee that would result from the narrowing of the Smog Check inspection exemption for newer model year vehicles.\13\ CARB asserts that the estimated potential loss in reductions from the foregone Carl Moyer Program funding should not be factored into the estimated reductions from the Smog Check Contingency Measure. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \12\ The Carl Moyer Program provides grant funding for cleaner- than-required engines, equipment, and other sources of air pollution. The Carl Moyer Program is implemented as a partnership between CARB and California's 35 local air districts. \13\ As explained on page 1 of the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP, the California Smog Check program allows vehicles eight or less model-years old to be exempt from requirements for Smog Check inspections. In lieu of an inspection, this law requires seven and eight model-year old vehicles owners to pay an annual Smog Abatement Fee of $25, $21 of which goes to the Air Pollution Control Fund for use to incentivize clean vehicles and equipment through the Carl Moyer Program. Narrowing of the inspection exemption for such vehicles would reduce Smog Abatement fee funds collected. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CARB explains that the estimated emissions reductions from the Smog Check Contingency Measure are calculated from CARB's current baseline SIP emissions inventory, while potential reductions from anticipated future projects funded through the Carl Moyer Program are not accounted for in baseline SIP inventories. Although the Smog Check Contingency Measure's impact on funding for the Carl Moyer Program is described as a potential emissions disbenefit, CARB indicates that the information was included only to better inform the public of potential impacts and should not be accounted for in the calculated emissions reductions for the Smog Check Contingency Measure. CARB contends that the emissions reductions listed in the table titled ``Potential Reductions from Measure'' for each nonattainment area in Section 5 of the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP are the correct estimates for the Smog Check Contingency Measure. EPA Response to CARB Comment #2: We do not agree that the overall estimate of emissions reductions from the Smog Check Contingency Measure should not take into account reasonably foreseeable emissions consequences. However, upon reconsideration, we agree with CARB that the foregone emissions reductions calculated by CARB resulting from reduced Carl Moyer Program funding should not be taken into account when evaluating the emissions reductions from the Smog Check Contingency Measure because the timing of the reduced funding and its impact on emissions reductions would not occur during the two-year implementation period for the Smog Check Contingency Measure.\14\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \14\ For perspective, we note, based on CARB's estimated emissions reductions from the Smog Check Contingency Measure and foregone emissions reductions from reduced Carl Moyer Program funding presented in Section 5 of the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP, that the foregone emissions reductions are about one, to more than two, orders of magnitude lower than the emissions reductions from implementation of the Smog Check Contingency Measure. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The reduced funding that would follow the triggering of the contingency measure would potentially affect emissions-reducing projects three or more years following the triggering event, based on the typical timeline for issuing grants and implementing emissions- reducing projects using Carl Moyer Program funding. This conclusion is based on information on implementation of the Carl Moyer Program provided by CARB.\15\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \15\ See email from Ariel Fideldy, Manager, CARB, dated February 16, 2024. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- We, therefore, have re-published Table 2 from the proposed rule without accounting for the predicted emissions impacts from corresponding reductions in funds paid into the Carl Moyer Program, and find the amounts in Table 2 to be reasonable estimates of the emissions reductions from the Smog Check Contingency Measure for the applicable nonattainment areas and relevant NAAQS. Table 2--Revised Estimated Emissions Reductions From Smog Check Contingency Measure ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Emissions reductions (tons per day) \a\ Nonattainment area Applicable NAAQS Analysis year ------------------------------- NOX VOC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Coachella Valley...................... 2008 Ozone NAAQS........ 2031 0.008 0.003 2015 Ozone NAAQS........ 2037 0.008 0.003 Eastern Kern County................... 2008 Ozone NAAQS........ 2026 0.003 0.001 [[Page 56226]] 2015 Ozone NAAQS........ 2032 0.003 0.001 Mariposa County....................... 2015 Ozone NAAQS........ 2026 0.0003 0.0001 Sacramento Metro...................... 2008 Ozone NAAQS........ 2024 0.077 0.037 2015 Ozone NAAQS........ 2032 0.047 0.015 San Diego County...................... 2008 Ozone NAAQS........ 2026 0.065 0.027 2015 Ozone NAAQS........ 2032 0.056 0.016 San Joaquin Valley.................... 1997 Ozone NAAQS........ 2023 0.112 0.056 2008 Ozone NAAQS........ 2031 0.079 0.025 2015 Ozone NAAQS........ 2037 0.076 0.024 1997 Annual PM2.5 NAAQS. 2023 0.117 0.052 2006 24-Hour PM2.5 NAAQS 2024 0.120 0.052 2012 Annual PM2.5 NAAQS. 2030 0.086 0.027 South Coast Air Basin................. 2008 Ozone NAAQS........ 2029 0.295 0.096 2015 Ozone NAAQS........ 2035 0.254 0.077 2012 Annual PM2.5 NAAQS. 2030 0.300 0.093 Ventura County........................ 2015 Ozone NAAQS........ 2026 0.013 0.005 West Mojave Desert.................... 2008 Ozone NAAQS........ 2026 0.021 0.009 2015 Ozone NAAQS........ 2032 0.018 0.006 Western Nevada County................. 2015 Ozone NAAQS........ 2026 0.002 0.001 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \a\ Emissions estimates shown in this table are summarized from information presented in section 5 of the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP. For ozone nonattainment areas, the estimates represent summer planning season values. For PM2.5 nonattainment areas, the estimates represent annual average values. Valley EJ Organizations Comment #1: Citing 40 CFR 52.220(c)(396)(ii)(A)(2)(i), Valley EJ Organizations assert that CARB submitted the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP to comply with a Court order and the approved SIP, which require CARB to adopt and submit contingency measures for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS meeting the requirements of section 172(c)(9) of the Act.\16\ Valley EJ Organizations contend, however, that the EPA has proposed approval of the Smog Check Revision without deciding whether the emissions reductions the Smog Check Contingency Measure achieves comply with either the EPA's current interpretation of the Act with respect to contingency measures or the EPA's proposed Draft Revised Contingency Measure Guidance. Valley EJ Organizations further assert that the EPA fails to acknowledge or explain why it proposes to defer action for contingency measures for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS in the San Joaquin Valley when the EPA has already approved the 2007 Ozone Plan, including contingency measures, and has approved the commitment by CARB to adopt and submit the contingency measures.\17\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \16\ The approved SIP in this instance refers to the San Joaquin Valley 2007 Ozone Plan and related documents and includes a commitment that CARB made to submit attainment contingency measures for San Joaquin Valley for the 1997 ozone NAAQS. \17\ Valley EJ Organizations refer to the EPA's final action on the San Joaquin Valley attainment plan for the 1997 ozone NAAQS (2007 Ozone Plan) at 77 FR 12652, 12670 (March 1, 2012) and 40 CFR 52.220(c)(396)(ii)(A)(2)(i). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- EPA Response to Valley EJ Organizations Comment #1: The EPA agrees that CARB submitted the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP for several purposes. First, CARB submitted the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP to address, in part, the contingency measure SIP requirements for certain nonattainment areas for certain NAAQS. The relevant areas and NAAQS that CARB addressed in the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP include 10 nonattainment areas for the 2015 ozone NAAQS, seven areas for the 2008 ozone NAAQS, two areas for the 2012 PM2.5 NAAQS, one area for the 1997 and 2006 PM2.5 NAAQS and one area for the 1997 ozone NAAQS.\18\ The San Joaquin Valley is the one nonattainment area for the 1997 ozone NAAQS to which the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP applies. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \18\ Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP, page 3. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Second, CARB submitted the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP to respond to recent court actions to meet statutory deadlines related to contingency measures.\19\ In connection with one of the recent court actions, CARB submitted the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP to respond to a Court order \20\ compelling CARB to fulfill CARB's commitment to develop, adopt and submit attainment contingency measures \21\ meeting the requirements of CAA section 172(c)(9) that the EPA approved in connection with the approval of the San Joaquin Valley ozone attainment plan for the 1997 ozone NAAQS.\22\ In this final action, we are not determining whether the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP fulfills CARB's commitment, but we are approving the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP as providing an individual contingency measure for San Joaquin Valley for the 1997 ozone NAAQS, among other areas and other NAAQS. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \19\ Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP, page 1. \20\ Central California Environmental Justice Center v. Randolph, E.D. Cal., 22-cv-01714, ECF Nos. #41 and #52. \21\ Under CAA sections 172(c)(9), States required to make an attainment plan SIP submission must include contingency measures to be implemented if the area fails to meet RFP (``RFP contingency measures'') or fails to attain the NAAQS by the applicable attainment date (``attainment contingency measures''). Unless otherwise indicated, references to ``contingency measures'' in this document do not distinguish between the two types of contingency measures. \22\ 77 FR 12652 (March 1, 2012); 40 CFR 52.220(c)(396)(ii)(A)(2)(i). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- In our proposed rule, we acknowledged that we are not, in this action, making a determination as to whether the State and relevant District have fully met the contingency measure SIP requirements under CAA sections 172(c)(9) or 182(c)(9) in any given area, but rather, we explained that we are taking action to approve the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP as providing an individual contingency measure for the various nonattainment areas and NAAQS to which the SIP applies.\23\ We indicated that we will be [[Page 56227]] acting on the full contingency measure SIP plan elements in the relevant nonattainment plan SIP submissions for the respective areas and NAAQS in separate rulemakings and will consider the emissions reductions associated with the Smog Check Contingency Measure in conjunction with the reductions from other submitted contingency measures, at that time.\24\ An example of such a separate rulemaking is our recent proposed approval of the San Joaquin Valley PM2.5 contingency measure SIP element in which we are proposing to approve the components that comprise the contingency measure plan, collectively, as meeting the requirements for contingency measures for the San Joaquin Valley for the various PM2.5 NAAQS under CAA section 172(c)(9) and 40 CFR 51.1014.\25\ As part of our evaluation and proposed approval, we are taking into account the emissions reductions presented in the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP for the San Joaquin Valley for the 1997, 2006 and 2012 PM2.5 NAAQS.\26\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \23\ 88 FR 87981, page 87987. \24\ Id., pages 87987 and 87988. \25\ 88 FR 87988 (December 20, 2023). \26\ 88 FR 87988, 88003-88005 (December 20, 2023). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- We have taken this approach of acting on the Smog Check Contingency Measure as an individual contingency measure separately from acting on the contingency measure element for each given nonattainment area, consistent with CARB's conceptual design for the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP, which anticipates that the Smog Check Contingency Measure would, if triggered, change the exemptions for motor vehicles under the California Smog Check Program for the relevant local nonattainment area and NAAQS, and that, together with the local air districts' contingency measures, address the contingency measure requirements of the Act.\27\ In future actions, we will evaluate whether CARB and the relevant District have addressed the full contingency measure SIP element requirements of the CAA by considering the emissions reductions attributed to the Smog Check Contingency Measure taken together with each local air districts' additional submitted contingency measures, along with any infeasibility justifications that may also be submitted. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \27\ Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP, pages 11 and 12. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Our evaluation of the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP as an individual contingency measure included a review of the Smog Check Contingency Measure itself for compliance with the requirements for individual contingency measures as set forth in CAA sections 172(c)(9) and 182(c)(9) and 40 CFR 51.1014. In short, we found that that the Smog Check Contingency Measure is designed to be both prospective and conditional, that the Smog Check Contingency Measure includes an appropriate triggering mechanism, that the narrowing of the exemption for newer vehicles from Smog Check inspections is not required for any other CAA purpose, that the emissions reductions from the Smog Check Contingency Measure are not included in any RFP or attainment demonstration in any of the applicable nonattainment areas, that the Smog Check Contingency Measure is structured so as to be implemented in a timely manner without significant further action by the State or EPA and that the Smog Check Contingency Measure is designed to achieve the estimated emissions reductions within roughly a year of the triggering event.\28\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \28\ 88 FR 87981, pages 87985 and 87986. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- As summarized in CARB Comment #1, CARB has explained why the Smog Check Contingency Measure is designed to achieve the estimated emissions reductions within two years of the triggering event, but not necessarily within a year of the triggering event. As discussed in EPA Response to CARB Comment #1, we find CARB's explanation to be adequate and that the timeline for achieving the emissions reductions from the Smog Check Contingency Measure to be acceptable for the purposes of CAA section 172(c)(9). For these reasons, we find that the Smog Check Contingency Measure meets the requirements for individual contingency measures. With one exception, we expect the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP to be supplemented by additional SIP revisions that, considered together, will be evaluated for compliance with the contingency measure SIP element requirement for each nonattainment area and NAAQS to which the Smog Check Contingency Measure applies. The one exception is the San Joaquin Valley for the 1997 ozone NAAQS. We acknowledge that, in the proposed rule, we did not include a specific discussion of the implications of our proposed action with respect to the contingency measure SIP planning requirements for the 1997 ozone NAAQS for the San Joaquin Valley. Unlike the other nonattainment areas, we also acknowledge that, as the EJ Valley Organizations assert, the EPA has already taken action on the contingency measure element for San Joaquin Valley for the 1997 ozone NAAQS.\29\ We approved the contingency measure element, in part, in reliance on CARB's commitment to adopt and submit contingency measures to comply with the contingency measure SIP requirements under CAA section 172(c)(9) as those requirements relate to a potential failure to attain the 1997 ozone NAAQS by the applicable attainment date.\30\ CARB submitted the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP to, among other reasons, fulfill the commitment made by CARB in connection with the EPA's approval of the San Joaquin Valley plan for the 1997 ozone NAAQS. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \29\ 77 FR 12652 (March 1, 2012). \30\ 77 FR 12652, 12670 (March 1, 2012); 40 CFR 52.220(c)(396)(ii)(A)(2)(i). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- In this action, we are approving the Smog Check Contingency Measure as a contingency measure for the San Joaquin Valley for the 1997 ozone NAAQS, along with the other areas and NAAQS. But, we will be taking separate action on the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP to evaluate whether the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP fulfills the attainment- related contingency measure requirements under CAA section 172(c)(9) for the San Joaquin Valley for the 1997 ozone NAAQS. The CAA establishes a deadline for EPA action on SIP submissions of 12 months from the determination of completeness.\31\ We issued our completeness determination for the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP in our December 20, 2023 proposed rule.\32\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \31\ CAA section 110(k)(2). \32\ 88 FR 87981, page 87982. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Valley EJ Organizations Comment #2: Valley EJ Organizations assert that the EPA fails to decide whether the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP complies with the existing SIP and the CAA with respect to the amount of emissions reductions achieved for the 1997 ozone NAAQS. Citing CAA section 172(c)(9), the Valley EJ Organizations contend that this violates the plain meaning of the Act's contingency measures provision and is arbitrary and capricious because contingency measures must be fully adopted, ready for implementation, and included in the plan revision as contingency measures to take effect in any such case without further action by the State or the Administrator. The Valley EJ Organizations also contend that the EPA must act on the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP so that the Smog Check Contingency Measure is part of the plan, no further action by the EPA is pending, and the measure is [[Page 56228]] ready for implementation upon a failure to attain the standard by the applicable attainment date for San Joaquin Valley for the 1997 ozone NAAQS, i.e., June 15, 2024. The Valley EJ Organizations assert that, without EPA action to determine that the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP meets the requirements for contingency measures for San Joaquin Valley for the 1997 ozone NAAQS, the Smog Check Contingency Measure will not be part of the SIP, not ready to take effect without further action by the EPA, and not federally enforceable. EPA Response to Valley EJ Organizations Comment #2: As discussed in more detail in EPA Response to Valley EJ Organizations Comment #1, the EPA is taking action to approve the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP as providing an individual contingency measure that meets the applicable requirements for a contingency measure. As noted by the Valley EJ Organizations, the EPA is not, in this action, determining whether the San Joaquin Valley has met the contingency measure requirements for the 1997 ozone NAAQS. However, this does not mean that the Smog Check Contingency Measure itself will not be approved as part of the California SIP or federally enforceable. Upon the effective date of our final action to approve the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP, the Smog Check Contingency Measure will be federally enforceable as a part of the approved California SIP. This means that the Smog Check Contingency Measure will be triggered in San Joaquin Valley if the EPA determines that the San Joaquin Valley failed to attain the 1997 ozone NAAQS by the June 15, 2024, applicable attainment date. Our finding in this regard is based on the language in CARB Resolution 23-20, adopting the Smog Check Contingency Measure as a revision to the California SIP, conditioned upon the EPA's final approval of the Smog Check Contingency Measure as a contingency measure under the CAA.\33\ In our action today, we are approving the Smog Check Contingency Measure as a contingency measure under the CAA for the various nonattainment areas and NAAQS addressed by the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \33\ CARB Resolution 23-20 (October 26, 2023), page 5. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Valley EJ Organizations Comment #3: Valley EJ Organizations object to the EPA's proposed approval of the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP as arbitrary, capricious and an abuse of discretion because the emissions reductions associated with the Smog Check Contingency Measure for the San Joaquin Valley for the 1997 ozone NAAQS are far below the magnitude of emissions reductions that Valley EJ Organizations assert are required for San Joaquin Valley to meet the contingency measures SIP requirement under the CAA. Valley EJ Organizations also object to the proposed approval of the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP on the grounds that approval of the contingency measure with respect to the 1997 ozone NAAQS would violate the anti-backsliding bar in CAA section 110(l) by weakening the amount of reductions required by the commitment CARB made, and EPA approved, as part of the San Joaquin Valley SIP for the 1997 ozone NAAQS. According to Valley EJ Organizations, the commitment that CARB made in connection with the EPA's approval of the San Joaquin Valley ozone SIP can only be achieved through contingency measures that would achieve collectively one year's worth of RFP, the EPA's interpretation (at the time of the EPA's approval of the commitment) of the amount of emissions reductions contingency measures should achieve to meet the CAA requirements for contingency measures for a given nonattainment area. Under this premise, Valley EJ Organizations contend that approval of the Smog Check Contingency Measure, which would reduce emissions (if triggered) by far less than one year's worth of RFP would be prohibited under CAA section 110(l). In the alternative, Valley EJ Organizations assert that the EPA has unlawfully and arbitrarily failed to consider and make a finding with respect to whether the approval of the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP with respect to the 1997 8-hour ozone standard constitutes illegal backsliding. EPA Response to Valley EJ Organizations Comment #3: As discussed in more detail in EPA Response to Valley EJ Organizations Comment #1, the EPA is taking action to approve the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP as providing an individual contingency measure that meets the applicable requirements for individual contingency measures. The EPA is not, in this action, determining whether the San Joaquin Valley has fully met the contingency measure requirements for the 1997 ozone NAAQS. Thus, the EPA has not yet determined whether the emissions reductions from the Smog Check Contingency Measure suffice, on its own, to meet the contingency measure requirements for the San Joaquin Valley for the 1997 ozone NAAQS. We will be taking another separate action on the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP and will evaluate the emissions reductions associated with the Smog Check Contingency Measure, as well as CARB's infeasibility justification for adopting the Smog Check Contingency Measure as the sole contingency measure for San Joaquin Valley for the 1997 ozone NAAQS, at that time. Lastly, in our proposed rule, we did review the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP for compliance with CAA section 110(l).\34\ In short, and in light of the scope of this rulemaking, i.e., to evaluate the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP as providing an individual contingency measure, we found that the Smog Check Contingency Measure, if triggered, would result in additional emissions reductions beyond those included in the RFP and attainment demonstration for the applicable nonattainment areas. Thus, we proposed to find that the approval of the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP itself is consistent with CAA section 110(l) and would not interfere with RFP, attainment or any other applicable requirement of the Act.\35\ We are finalizing that finding in this final action. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \34\ 88 FR 87981, page 87986. \35\ Id. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CVAQ Comment #1: CVAQ asserts that the EPA has no authority to approve contingency measures that provide less than one year's worth of RFP and has no authority to adopt a feasibility-based exemption that conditions contingency measures on their technological or economic infeasibility for polluters. CVAQ states that San Joaquin Valley residents need measures that will result in significant reductions that put health at the forefront, and the Smog Check Contingency Measure would only reduce around 0.1 tpd of NOX or less in the San Joaquin Valley. This is, according to CVAQ, especially problematic for the 1997 8-hour ozone NAAQS, which the San Joaquin Valley will fail to attain in six months, and the Smog Check Contingency Measure is the only contingency measure California has adopted for that NAAQS. CVAQ asserts that the EPA's interpretation of the contingency measure requirements only benefits industry to the detriment of some of the nation's most impacted communities, and that the EPA's actions run counter to the Biden Administration's commitment to environmental justice and Civil Rights. EPA Response to CVAQ Comment #1: In this rulemaking, the EPA is [[Page 56229]] approving the Smog Check Contingency Measure as an individual contingency measure because the measure has the necessary attributes of a CAA contingency measure,\36\ but the EPA is not making any determination in this action as to whether the Smog Check Contingency Measure alone is sufficient to meet fully the contingency measure SIP requirements of CAA sections 172(c)(9) and 182(c)(9) and 40 CFR 51.1014 in any particular nonattainment area for any particular NAAQS. As noted in our proposed rule, we will be acting on the contingency measure SIP plan elements in the relevant nonattainment plan SIP submissions for the respective areas and NAAQS in separate rulemakings and will consider the emissions reductions associated with the Smog Check Contingency Measure at that time.\37\ In future actions on area- specific contingency measure elements, the EPA will take into account the amount of emissions reductions from the contingency measures for a given area and evaluate the approvability of the contingency measure element as a whole, including any relevant justifications for a contingency measure or measures that does not, or do not, provide for the recommended amount of emissions reductions. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \36\ As discussed on pages 87985 and 87986 of our proposed rule, the necessary attributes for individual contingency measures include being designed to be prospective and conditional, to include appropriate triggering mechanisms, to not being required for any other CAA purpose, to being designed to be implemented in a timely manner without significant further action by the State or the EPA, and to achieve emissions reductions within a year or two of the triggering event. \37\ 88 FR 87981, pages 87987 and 87988. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CVAQ Comment #2: CVAQ contends that the Smog Check Contingency Measure would impose the burden of compliance costs on San Joaquin Valley residents who fall under the highest socioeconomic disadvantages in the State, further contradicting the Biden Administration's commitment to environmental justice and Civil Rights. CVAQ also contends that adopting the proposed weak contingency measure goes against this commitment by refusing to hold the region's largest polluters accountable, discounting community priorities and continuing racist polluting practices. EPA Response to CVAQ Comment #2: The burden for compliance with the Smog Check Contingency Measure would fall on owners of motor vehicles seven or eight model years old. Using DMV vehicle registration data, CARB staff found that, in all the subject nonattainment areas, the proportion of vehicle owners potentially impacted in Disadvantaged Communities (DACs) \38\ by the Smog Check Contingency Measure, if triggered, is about equal to the proportion of vehicle owners potentially impacted in the nonattainment area as a whole.\39\ According to CARB's findings, the burden of compliance and the environmental benefits of the Smog Check Contingency Measure will not disproportionately impact DACs in the nonattainment areas. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \38\ DAC is defined under State law, namely Senate Bill 535, as census tracts receiving the highest 25 percent of overall scores in CalEnviroScreen 4.0. See Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP, page 18. \39\ Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP, page 19. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- As part of CARB's evaluation of the impacts of the Smog Check Contingency Measure, CARB noted that repair costs under the Smog Check program vary, but generally cost $750 on average, which could be a significant cost burden.\40\ However, CARB also noted that financial assistance for repairs is available for income-eligible vehicle owners through BAR's Consumer Assistance Program, which provides up to $1,200 for repair costs.\41\ To be eligible for financial assistance, a vehicle owner must have a gross household income less than or equal to 225% of the Federal poverty level. This financial assistance program should help to address CVAQ's concern about the burden of compliance costs for those eligible households. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \40\ Id. \41\ For more information, visit https://www.bar.ca.gov/consumer/consumer-assistance-program. In addition, the SJVUAPCD operates its own ``Drive Clean in the San Joaquin'' program that helps pay for Smog Check tests and repairs: https://ww2.valleyair.org/grants/drive-clean-in-the-san-joaquin/. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- III. Environmental Justice Considerations This document takes final action to approve the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP that CARB submitted to address, in part, contingency measure SIP requirements for certain nonattainment areas in California for the ozone and PM2.5 NAAQS. Information on ozone and PM2.5 and their relationship to negative health impacts can be found on the EPA's website. Environmental justice (EJ) is the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people regardless of race, color, national origin, or income with respect to the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies. As explained in the EJ Legal Tools to Advance Environmental Justice 2022 document,\42\ the CAA provides States with the discretion to consider environmental justice in developing rules and measures related to nonattainment area SIP requirements, including contingency measures. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \42\ EPA, EPA Legal Tools to Advance Environmental Justice, May 2022. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- In this instance, CARB exercised this discretion and evaluated environmental justice considerations as part of its SIP submission.\43\ CARB analyzed whether there would be disproportionate impact on disadvantaged communities within the affected nonattainment areas if the contingency measure were triggered and analyzed the impacts of the contingency measure on vehicle owners in disadvantaged communities.\44\ Based on the results of these analyses, CARB concluded that the Smog Check Contingency Measure is consistent with CARB's environmental justice policies and would not disproportionately impact people of any race, culture, income, or national origin.\45\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \43\ Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP, Section 4.B (``Title VI and Environmental Justice''). \44\ Id, at pages 18-20. \45\ CARB Resolution 23-20, October 26, 2023, page 5. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- In reviewing CARB's analysis, the EPA defers to CARB's reasonable exercise of its discretion in considering EJ in this way. The EPA is taking final action to approve the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP because it meets minimum requirements pursuant to the CAA and relevant implementing regulations. The EPA also finds that consideration of EJ analyses in this context is reasonable. The EPA encourages air agencies generally to evaluate environmental justice considerations of their actions and carefully consider impacts to communities. The EJ analyses submitted by CARB were considered but were not the basis for the EPA's decision to approve the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP as meeting the minimum applicable requirements. IV. EPA Action Pursuant to section 110(k)(3) of the CAA, and for the reasons provided in our December 20, 2023 proposed rule and in the responses to comments provided in this document, the EPA is taking final action to approve the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP and a related statutory provision (i.e., California H&SC section 44011(a)(4)(A) and (B), operative October 10, 2017). Our action is based on our finding that the Smog Check Contingency Measure SIP meets the applicable procedural and substantive CAA requirements for SIP revisions; that the Smog Check Contingency Measure itself meets applicable requirements for a valid [[Page 56230]] contingency measure under the CAA and the EPA's implementation regulations; and that the Smog Check Contingency Measure would achieve additional emissions reductions of NOX and VOC, if triggered by certain EPA determinations, in Coachella Valley, Eastern Kern County, Mariposa County, Sacramento Metro, San Diego County, San Joaquin Valley, South Coast Air Basin, Ventura County, West Mojave Desert, and Western Nevada County. We are not making any determination presently as to whether this individual contingency measure is sufficient by itself for CARB and the relevant air district to fully comply with the contingency measure requirements in any specific nonattainment area or specific NAAQS under CAA sections 172(c)(9) and 182(c)(9) and 40 CFR 51.1014. We will be acting on the contingency measure SIP plan elements in the relevant nonattainment plan SIP submissions for the respective areas and NAAQS in separate rulemakings and will consider the emissions reductions associated with the Smog Check Contingency Measure at that time. This final action adds the Smog Check Contingency Measure and the related statutory provision to the federally enforceable California SIP. V. Incorporation by Reference In this rule, the EPA is finalizing regulatory text that includes incorporation by reference. In accordance with requirements of 1 CFR 51.5, the EPA is finalizing the incorporation by reference of California Health & Safety Code section 44011(a)(4)(A) and (B), which authorizes CARB to narrow the newer model vehicle Smog Check inspection exemption. The EPA has made, and will continue to make, these materials available through https://www.regulations.gov and at the EPA Region IX Office (please contact the person identified in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section of this preamble for more information). Therefore, these materials have been approved by the EPA for inclusion in the State implementation plan, have been incorporated by reference by EPA into that plan, are fully federally enforceable under sections 110 and 113 of the CAA as of the effective date of the final rulemaking of EPA's approval, and will be incorporated by reference in the next update to the SIP compilation.\46\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \46\ 62 FR 27968 (May 22, 1997). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- VI. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews Under the Clean Air Act, the Administrator is required to approve a SIP submission that complies with the provisions of the Act and applicable Federal regulations. 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a). Thus, in reviewing SIP submissions, the EPA's role is to approve State choices, provided that they meet the criteria of the Clean Air Act. Accordingly, this action merely approves a State measure as meeting Federal requirements and does not impose additional requirements beyond those imposed by State law. For that reason, this action: Is not a ``significant regulatory action'' subject to review by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Orders 12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993), 13563 (76 FR 3821, January 21, 2011) and 14094 (88 FR 21879, April 11, 2023); Does not impose an information collection burden under the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.); Is certified as not having a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.); Does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4); Does not have Federalism implications as specified in Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999); Is not an economically significant regulatory action based on health or safety risks subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997); Is not a significant regulatory action subject to Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001); and Is not subject to requirements of Section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent with the Clean Air Act. In addition, the SIP is not approved to apply on any Indian reservation land or in any other area where the EPA or an Indian Tribe has demonstrated that a Tribe has jurisdiction. In those areas of Indian country, this action does not have Tribal implications and will not impose substantial direct costs on Tribal governments or preempt Tribal law as specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000). Furthermore, Executive Order 12898, ``Federal Actions To Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations,'' (59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994), directs Federal agencies to identify and address ``disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental effects'' of their actions on minority populations and low-income populations to the greatest extent practicable and permitted by law. The EPA defines environmental justice (EJ) as ``the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people regardless of race, color, national origin, or income with respect to the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies.'' The EPA further defines the term fair treatment to mean that ``no group of people should bear a disproportionate burden of environmental harms and risks, including those resulting from the negative environmental consequences of industrial, governmental, and commercial operations or programs and policies.'' CARB evaluated environmental justice considerations as part of its SIP submission given that the CAA and applicable implementing regulations neither prohibit nor require such an evaluation. The EPA reviewed and considered the air agency's evaluation of environmental justice considerations of this action, as is described in Section III (``Environmental Justice Considerations'') of this document, as part of the EPA's review. Due to the nature of the action being taken here, this action is expected to have a neutral to positive impact on the air quality of the affected areas. In addition, there is no information in the record inconsistent with the stated goal of E.O. 12898 of achieving environmental justice for people of color, low-income populations, and Indigenous peoples. This action is subject to the Congressional Review Act, and the EPA will submit a rule report to each House of the Congress and to the Comptroller General of the United States. This action is not a ``major rule'' as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2). Under section 307(b)(1) of the Clean Air Act, petitions for judicial review of this action must be filed in the United States Court of Appeals for the appropriate circuit by September 9, 2024. Filing a petition for reconsideration by the Administrator of this final rule does not affect the finality of this action for the purposes of judicial review nor does it extend the time within which a petition for judicial review may be filed, and shall not postpone the effectiveness of such rule or action. This action may not be [[Page 56231]] challenged later in proceedings to enforce its requirements. (See section 307(b)(2)). List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52 Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Incorporation by reference, Intergovernmental relations, Nitrogen oxides, Ozone, Particulate matter, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Volatile organic compounds. Dated: June 25, 2024. Martha Guzman Aceves, Regional Administrator, Region IX. For the reasons stated in the preamble, the Environmental Protection Agency amends part 52, chapter I, title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations as follows: PART 52--APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS 0 1. The authority citation for part 52 continues to read as follows: Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq. Subpart F--California 0 2. Section 52.220 is amended by adding paragraph (c)(613) to read as follows: Sec. 52.220 Identification of plan--in part. * * * * * (c) * * * (613) The following plan was submitted electronically on November 13, 2023 by the Governor's designee as an attachment to a letter of the same date. (i) [Reserved] (ii) Additional Materials. (A) California Air Resources Board. (1) ``California Smog Check Contingency Measure State Implementation Plan Revision,'' adopted on October 26, 2023. (2) [Reserved] (B) [Reserved] * * * * * 0 3. In Section 52.220a, amend paragraph (c), Table 1 by adding a heading for ``Division 26 (Air Resources), Part 5 (Vehicular Air Pollution Control), Chapter 5 (Motor Vehicle Inspection Program), Article 2 (Program Requirements)'' after the entry for ``41962''; and under the new heading, adding an entry for ``44011(a)(4)(A) and (B)'' to read as follows: Sec. 52.220a Identification of plan--in part. * * * * * (c) * * * Table 1--EPA-Approved Statutes and State Regulations \1\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- State Additional State citation Title/subject effective date EPA approval date explanation ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * * * * * * ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Division 26 (Air Resources), Part 5 (Vehicular Air Pollution Control), Chapter 5 (Motor Vehicle Inspection Program), Article 2 (Program Requirements) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 44011(a)(4)(A) and (B)......... Certificate of 10/10/2017 7/9/2024, [Insert Submitted on compliance or Federal Register November 13, 2023 noncompliance; CITATION]. as an attachment biennial requirement; to a letter of exceptions; the same date. inspections; exemption from testing for collector motor vehicle. * * * * * * * ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ Table 1 lists EPA-approved California statutes and regulations incorporated by reference in the applicable SIP. Table 2 of paragraph (c) lists approved California test procedures, test methods and specifications that are cited in certain regulations listed in Table 1. Approved California statutes that are nonregulatory or quasi-regulatory are listed in paragraph (e). * * * * * [FR Doc. 2024-14355 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6560-50-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:57.774163

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14932

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Rules and Regulations] [Pages 56231-56233] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14932] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 40 CFR Part 52 [EPA-R05-OAR-2022-0369; FRL-11761-02-R5] Air Plan Approval; Wisconsin; Milwaukee Second 10-Year 2006 24- Hour PM2.5 Limited Maintenance Plan AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Final rule. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is approving the limited maintenance plan (LMP) submitted by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) for the Milwaukee-Racine maintenance area including Milwaukee, Waukesha, and Racine counties. The plan addresses the second 10-year maintenance period for particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5). EPA is approving Wisconsin's LMP submission for the Milwaukee-Racine maintenance area because it provides for the maintenance of the 2006 PM2.5 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) through the end of the second 10-year portion of the maintenance period. Additionally, EPA finds adequate and is approving the LMP as meeting the appropriate transportation conformity requirements. EPA proposed to approve this action on March 19, 2024, and received no comments. DATES: This final rule is effective on August 8, 2024. ADDRESSES: EPA has established a docket for this action under Docket ID No. EPA-R05-OAR-2022-0369. All documents in the docket are listed on the https://www.regulations.gov website. Although listed in the index, some information is not publicly available, i.e., Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Certain other material, such as copyrighted material, is not placed on the internet and will be publicly available only in hard copy form. Publicly available docket materials are available either through https://www.regulations.gov or at the Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5, Air and Radiation Division, 77 West Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, Illinois 60604. This facility is open from 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding Federal holidays. We recommend that you telephone Cecilia Magos, at (312) 886-7336 before visiting the Region 5 office. [[Page 56232]] FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Cecilia Magos, Air and Radiation Division (AR18J), Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5, 77 West Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, Illinois 60604, (312) 886-7336, [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Throughout this document whenever ``we,'' ``us,'' or ``our'' is used, we mean the EPA. I. Background Information On November 13, 2009 (74 FR 58688), EPA designated the Milwaukee- Racine area as a PM2.5 nonattainment area due to measured violations of the 2006 PM2.5 NAAQS. On June 8, 2012, and later supplemented on May 30, 2013, WDNR submitted to the EPA a request to redesignate the Milwaukee-Racine nonattainment area to attainment. The submission included a plan to provide for maintenance of the 2006 PM2.5 NAAQS in the area through 2024. EPA redesignated the Milwaukee-Racine area on April 22, 2014 (79 FR 22415), and approved the associated maintenance plan into the Wisconsin State Implementation Plan (SIP). The purpose of WDNR's April 8, 2022, LMP submission is to fulfill the second 10-year planning requirement of Clean Air Act (CAA) section 175A(b) to ensure PM2.5 NAAQS compliance through 2034. On March 19, 2024 (89 FR 19519), EPA proposed to approve the second 10-year PM2.5 LMP for the Milwaukee-Racine maintenance area addressing the 2006 PM2.5 maintenance area. EPA's approval of the LMP will satisfy CAA section 175A requirements for the second 10-year period for the Milwaukee-Racine 2006 PM2.5 maintenance area through 2034. Further explanation of the CAA requirements, a detailed analysis of the revisions, and the EPA's reasons for proposing approval were provided in the notice of proposed rulemaking (89 FR 19519) and will not be restated here. The public comment period for the proposed rule ended on April 18, 2024. EPA received no comments on the proposal and is finalizing our action as proposed. II. Final Action EPA is approving the second 10-year PM2.5 LMP for the Milwaukee-Racine 2006 PM2.5 maintenance area submitted by WDNR. EPA's review of the air quality data for the maintenance area indicates that the State continues to show attainment well below the level of the 2006 PM2.5 NAAQS and that WDNR's LMP meets all the LMP qualifying criteria set forth in the ``Guidance on Limited Maintenance Plan Option for Moderate PM2.5 Nonattainment Areas and PM2.5 Maintenance Areas''.\1\ EPA's approval of this LMP will satisfy the CAA section 175A requirements for the second 10-year period for the Milwaukee-Racine 2006 PM2.5 maintenance area. The Milwaukee-Racine PM2.5 maintenance area will no longer be required to perform regional emissions analyses as part of the conformity process but must meet project-level conformity analyses requirements as well as other transportation conformity criteria. See 40 CFR 93.109(e). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ The guidance document developed by the Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards and the Office of Transportation and Air Quality, within the Office of Air and Radiation, titled ``Guidance on the Limited Maintenance Plan Option for Moderate PM2.5 Nonattainment Areas and PM2.5 Maintenance Areas,'' can be found at https://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi?Dockey=P1015UL4.pdf. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- III. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews Under the CAA, the Administrator is required to approve a SIP submission that complies with the provisions of the CAA and applicable Federal regulations. 42 U.S.C. 7410(k); 40 CFR 52.02(a). Thus, in reviewing SIP submissions, the EPA's role is to approve State choices, provided that they meet the criteria of the CAA. Accordingly, this action merely approves State law as meeting Federal requirements and does not impose additional requirements beyond those imposed by State law. For that reason, this action: Is not a significant regulatory action subject to review by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Orders 12866 (58 FR 51735, October 4, 1993), and 14094 (88 FR 21879, April 11, 2023); Does not impose an information collection burden under the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.); Is certified as not having a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.); Does not contain any unfunded mandate or significantly or uniquely affect small governments, as described in the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (Pub. L. 104-4); Does not have federalism implications as specified in Executive Order 13132 (64 FR 43255, August 10, 1999); Is not subject to Executive Order 13045 (62 FR 19885, April 23, 1997) because it approves a State program; Is not a significant regulatory action subject to Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001); and Is not subject to requirements of section 12(d) of the National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act of 1995 (15 U.S.C. 272 note) because application of those requirements would be inconsistent with the CAA. In addition, the SIP is not approved to apply on any Indian reservation land or in any other area where the EPA or an Indian tribe has demonstrated that a tribe has jurisdiction. In those areas of Indian country, the rule does not have Tribal implications and will not impose substantial direct costs on Tribal governments or preempt Tribal law as specified by Executive Order 13175 (65 FR 67249, November 9, 2000). Executive Order 12898 (Federal Actions To Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations, 59 FR 7629, February 16, 1994) directs Federal agencies to identify and address ``disproportionately high and adverse human health or environmental effects'' of their actions on minority populations and low-income populations to the greatest extent practicable and permitted by law. The EPA defines environmental justice as ``the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people regardless of race, color, national origin, or income with respect to the development, implementation, and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies.'' The EPA further defines the term fair treatment to mean that ``no group of people should bear a disproportionate burden of environmental harms and risks, including those resulting from the negative environmental consequences of industrial, governmental, and commercial operations or programs and policies.'' WDNR did not evaluate environmental justice considerations as part of its SIP submittal; the CAA and applicable implementing regulations neither prohibit nor require such an evaluation. The EPA performed an environmental justice analysis, as is described in the section titled, ``Environmental Justice Considerations'' in the notice of proposed rulemaking. See 89 FR 19519. The analysis was done for the purpose of providing additional context and information about this rulemaking to the public, not as a basis of the action. Due to the nature of the action being taken here, this action is expected to have a neutral to positive impact on the air quality of the affected area. In addition, there is no information in the record upon which this decision is based that is inconsistent with the [[Page 56233]] stated goal of E.O. 12898 of achieving environmental justice for people of color, low-income populations, and Indigenous peoples. This action is subject to the Congressional Review Act, and the EPA will submit a rule report to each House of the Congress and to the Comptroller General of the United States. This action is not a ``major rule'' as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2). Under section 307(b)(1) of the CAA, petitions for judicial review of this action must be filed in the United States Court of Appeals for the appropriate circuit by September 9, 2024. Filing a petition for reconsideration by the Administrator of this final rule does not affect the finality of this action for the purposes of judicial review nor does it extend the time within which a petition for judicial review may be filed and shall not postpone the effectiveness of such rule or action. This action may not be challenged later in proceedings to enforce its requirements. (See section 307(b)(2).) List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52 Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Incorporation by reference, Intergovernmental relations, Particulate matter, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements. Dated: July 2, 2024. Debra Shore, Regional Administrator, Region 5. For the reasons stated in the preamble, EPA amends title 40 CFR part 52 as follows: PART 52--APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS 0 1. The authority citation for part 52 continues to read as follows: Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq. 0 2. Section 52.2584 is amended by adding paragraph (g) to read as follows: Sec. 52.2584 Control strategy; Particulate matter. * * * * * (g) Approval--On August 8, 2024, EPA approved the 2006 24-Hour PM2.5 limited maintenance plan for the second 10-year maintenance period for the Milwaukee-Racine area (Milwaukee, Racine and Waukesha counties) as submitted by the State of Wisconsin on April 8, 2022. The limited maintenance plan submission satisfies the second 10- year planning requirement of section 175A(b) of the Clean Air Act for the Milwaukee-Racine area. [FR Doc. 2024-14932 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6560-50-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:57.793033

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14937

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Proposed Rules] [Pages 56234-56237] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14937] ======================================================================== Proposed Rules Federal Register ________________________________________________________________________ This section of the FEDERAL REGISTER contains notices to the public of the proposed issuance of rules and regulations. The purpose of these notices is to give interested persons an opportunity to participate in the rule making prior to the adoption of the final rules. ======================================================================== Federal Register / Vol. 89, No. 131 / Tuesday, July 9, 2024 / Proposed Rules [[Page 56234]] DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Agricultural Marketing Service 7 CFR Part 1210 [Doc. No. AMS-SC-24-0020] Watermelon Research and Promotion Plan; Increased Assessment Rate AGENCY: Agricultural Marketing Service, USDA. ACTION: Proposed rule. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: This proposed rulemaking would implement a recommendation from the National Watermelon Promotion Board to increase the assessment rate from six cents per hundredweight to nine cents per hundredweight. Domestic watermelon producers of 10 acres or more and domestic first handlers of watermelons would each pay four and a half cents per hundredweight, and importers of 150,000 pounds or more annually of watermelons would pay nine cents per hundredweight. This proposed rulemaking would also amend current regulatory language to correct non- substantive and typographical errors. DATES: Comments must be received by August 8, 2024. ADDRESSES: Interested persons are invited to submit written comments concerning this proposed rulemaking. Comments may be mailed to the Docket Clerk, Market Development Division, Specialty Crops Program, Agricultural Marketing Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1400 Independence Avenue SW, Room 1406-S, STOP 0244, Washington, DC 20250- 0237; submitted by Email: SM.USDA.MRP.AMS .[email protected]; or via internet at https://www.regulations.gov. Comments should reference the document number and the date and page number of this issue of the Federal Register. Comments submitted in response to this proposed rulemaking will be included in the record and will be made available to the public and can be viewed at: https://www.regulations.gov. Please be advised that the identity of the individuals or entities submitting the comments will be made public on the internet at the address provided above. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: William Hodges, Marketing Specialist, Market Development Division, Specialty Crops Program, AMS, USDA, 1400 Independence Avenue SW, Room 1406-S, STOP 0244, Washington, DC 20250- 0244; Telephone: (443) 571-8456; or Email: [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This proposed rulemaking affecting the Watermelon Research and Promotion Plan (7 CFR part 1210) (Plan) is authorized by the Watermelon Research and Promotion Act (7 U.S.C. 4901- 4916) (Act). Executive Orders 12866, 13563 and 14094 The Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) is issuing this proposed rulemaking in conformance with Executive Orders 12866, 13563, and 14094. Executive Orders 12866 and 13563 direct agencies to assess all costs and benefits of available regulatory alternatives and, if regulation is necessary, to select regulatory approaches that maximize net benefits (including potential economic, environmental, public health and safety effects, distributive impacts, and equity). Executive Order 13563 emphasizes the importance of quantifying both costs and benefits, reducing costs, harmonizing rules, and promoting flexibility. Executive Order 14094 reaffirms, supplements, and updates Executive Order 12866 and further directs agencies to solicit and consider input from a wide range of affected and interested parties through a variety of means. This proposed rulemaking is not a significant regulatory action within the meaning of Executive Order 12866. Accordingly, this action has not been reviewed by the Office of Management and Budget under sec. 6 of the Executive order. Executive Order 13175 This proposed action has been reviewed in accordance with the requirements of Executive Order 13175, Consultation and Coordination with Indian Tribal Governments, which requires agencies to consider whether their rulemaking actions would have Tribal implications. AMS has determined that this proposed rulemaking is unlikely to have substantial direct effects on one or more Indian Tribes, or the relationship between the Federal Government and Indian Tribes, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities between the Federal Government and Indian Tribes. Executive Order 12988 This proposal has been reviewed under Executive Order 12988, Civil Justice Reform. It is not intended to have retroactive effect. The Act provides that it shall not affect or preempt any other Federal or State law authorizing promotion or research relating to an agricultural commodity. Under sec. 1650 of the Act (7 U.S.C. 4909), a person may file a written petition with the Secretary of Agriculture (Secretary) if they believe that the Plan, any provision of the Plan, or any obligation imposed in connection with the Plan, is not in accordance with the law. In any petition, the person may request a modification of the Plan or an exemption from the Plan. The petitioner will have the opportunity for a hearing on the petition. Afterwards, an Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) will issue a decision. If the petitioner disagrees with the ALJ's ruling, the petitioner has 30 days to appeal to the Judicial Officer, who will issue a ruling on behalf of the Secretary. If the petitioner disagrees with the Secretary's ruling, the petitioner may file, within 20 days, an appeal in the U.S. District Court for the district where the petitioner resides or conducts business. Background Under the Plan, the National Watermelon Promotion Board (Board) administers a nationally coordinated program of research, development, advertising, and promotion designed to strengthen the position of watermelons in the marketplace, and to establish, maintain, and expand markets for watermelons. To administer the program, Sec. Sec. 1210.328 and 1210.341 of the Plan authorize the Board, with the approval of AMS, to formulate an annual budget of expenses and collect assessments on domestic producers growing 10 acres or more of watermelons, domestic first handlers of watermelons, and importers of 150,000 or more pounds of watermelons per year. The Board is familiar with both the [[Page 56235]] program's needs and the rising costs of research and promotion initiatives and are able to formulate an appropriate budget and assessment rate. Currently, in accordance with the Plan, domestic watermelon producers of 10 acres or more and domestic first handlers of watermelons each pay three cents per hundredweight, and importers of 150,000 pounds or more annually of watermelons pay six cents per hundredweight. The Plan specifies that handlers are responsible for collecting and submitting both the producer and handler assessments to the Board, reporting their handling of watermelons, and maintaining records necessary to verify their reporting(s). Importers are responsible for payment of assessments to the Board on watermelons imported into the United States through the U.S. Customs Service and Border Protection. The current assessment rate for watermelon producers, handlers, and importers was established in 2008. The Board recommended increasing the current assessment rate to address inflation's impact on buying power while maintaining its competitiveness in the marketplace. Board Recommendation To Adjust the Assessment Rate This proposed rulemaking would amend Sec. 1210.515 of the Plan by increasing the assessment rate from six cents per hundredweight to nine cents per hundredweight. The assessment on domestic watermelon producers of 10 acres or more and domestic first handlers of watermelons would increase from three cents per hundredweight to four and a half cents per hundredweight, and the assessment on importers of 150,000 pounds or more annually of watermelons would increase from six cents per hundredweight to nine cents per hundredweight. The Board discussed this recommendation over several months at various State and regional watermelon association meetings in addition to presenting at a public town hall meeting on February 23, 2024, at the National Watermelon Association's (NWA) annual convention. The Board sent out postcards to all industry contacts in their database to invite them to the NWA town hall meeting and provide information on the proposed assessment increase. The Board met on February 24, 2024, and voted unanimously to propose the assessment increase from six cents to nine cents per hundredweight of watermelons. Board members present for the vote represented domestic producers and first handlers, as well as importers. From 2008 to 2023, according to the Board, the United States experienced inflation of 43.7%, which equates to 2.3% when compounded annually. This dollar devaluation translates to a loss in buying power of roughly 30% since the previous assessment increase was instituted in 2008. The erosion of buying power and continued inflationary pressure on funds limit the Board's research and promotion activities. The proposed change would further support the Board's goal of a balanced budget beginning in 2025, while still allowing for increased research and promotion of watermelon across the Board's communication, marketing, foodservice, and research committees. Section 1210.341 of the Plan states, in part, that in the case of an importer, the assessment shall be equal to the combined rate for domestic producers and handlers and shall be paid by the importer at the time of entry of the watermelons into the United States. Accordingly, with the proposed increased assessment rate of nine cents per hundredweight, domestic watermelon producers of 10 acres or more and domestic first handlers of watermelons would each pay four and a half cents per hundredweight, and importers of 150,000 pounds or more annually of watermelons would pay nine cents per hundredweight. This proposed increase is consistent with sec. 1647(f) of the Act that permits changes in the assessment rate through notice and comment procedures. Section 1210.341(b) of the Plan states that assessment rates shall be fixed by the Secretary in accordance with sec. 1647(f) of the Act. Further, not more than one assessment on a producer, handler, or importer may be collected on any lot of watermelons. Accordingly, if this proposed rulemaking was finalized, Sec. 1210.515(a) of the Plan would be revised to reflect the recommendation of the Board as it relates to assessments. Amend Current Regulatory Language This proposed rulemaking also includes proposed changes to Sec. 1210.515(b) of the Plan to amend language and make non-substantive corrections to the text. These proposed edits are administrative changes and would not have an impact on the assessment rate. The proposed edits would: amend the misspelling of ``scheudle'' to ``schedule''; amend ``U.S. Customs Service (USCS)'' to ``U.S. Customs Service and Border Protection (Customs)''; amend ``USCS'' to ``Customs'' and amend ``of any other'' to ``or any other''. The proposal would also add clarifying language and amend ``may submit the Board'' to ``may submit to the Board''. Initial Regulatory Flexibility Act and Paperwork Reduction Act Pursuant to requirements set forth in the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) [5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.], AMS has considered the economic impact of this action on the small producers, handlers, and importers that would be affected by this proposed rulemaking. The purpose of the RFA is to fit regulatory action to scale on businesses subject to such action so that small businesses will not be disproportionately burdened. Domestic producers of less than 10 acres of watermelons are exempt from this program. Importers of less than 150,000 pounds of watermelons per year are also exempt. According to the Board, there are approximately 429 producers, 121 first handlers, and 183 importers who are subject to the provisions of the Plan. The Small Business Administration (SBA) defines, in 13 CFR part 121, small agricultural producers of watermelons as those having annual receipts equal to or less than $3.75 million [NAICS code 111219--Other Vegetable (except Potato) and Melon Farming] and small agricultural service firms (handlers and importers) as those having annual receipts equal to or less than $34.0 million [NAICS code -111514--Postharvest Crop Activities (except Cotton Ginning)]. Under these definitions, the majority of the producers, handlers, and importers that would be affected by this proposed rulemaking would be considered small entities. This conclusion is based on following computations and data, using the current Board assessment rate of six cents per hundredweight. For 2023, National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) reported a season average producer price per pound of $0.214. The Board estimated the Freight on Board (FOB) price to be $0.284 for both importers and handlers in 2023. The Board reported that 2023 assessments received from domestic entities totaled $2.247 million, with equal proportions of $1.1235 million coming from producers and handlers. Dividing $1.1235 million by half of the current assessment rate of $0.06 per hundredweight, as producers and handlers evenly split the assessment, yields an estimate of total producer pounds assessed of 3,745.0 million ($1.1235 million divided by $0.0003 per pound). Dividing the total pounds assessed quantity by 429 producers yields an average assessed pounds per producer estimate of 8.73 million. [[Page 56236]] Multiplying the annual assessed pounds per producer estimate of 8.73 million pounds by the 2023 NASS season average producer price per pound of $0.214 yields an average annual watermelon sales receipts per producer estimate of $1.87 million. This is well below the SBA small producer size threshold of $3.75 million. With an equal proportion of annual domestic assessments coming from handlers, the total handler pounds assessed is also 3,745.0 million. Dividing total handler pounds assessed by 121 handlers yields an average assessed pounds per handler estimate of 30.95 million pounds. Multiplying this estimate of annual assessed pounds per handler of 30.95 million pounds by the season average handler price per pound of $0.284, provided by the Board, yields an estimate of average annual watermelon sales receipts per handler of $8.79 million. This is well below the SBA small handler size threshold of $34.0 million. The Board reported that assessments received from importers totaled $1.196 million in 2023. Dividing $1.196 million by the current assessment rate of $0.06 per hundredweight ($0.0006 per pound) yields an estimate of total importer pounds assessed of 1,993.3 million. Dividing the total pounds assessed by the number of importers, 183, yields an average assessed pounds per importer estimate of 10.89 million. Multiplying this estimate of annual assessed pounds per importer of 10.89 million pound by the season average importer price per pound of $0.284 yields an estimate of average annual watermelon sales receipts per importer of $3.09 million. This is well below the SBA small importer size threshold of $34.0 million. Assuming normal distributions, the majority of producers, handlers, and importers would be classified as small businesses according to SBA size standards. Under the current Plan, domestic watermelon producers of 10 acres or more and domestic first handlers of watermelon each pay a mandatory assessment rate of three cents per hundredweight, and importers of more than 150,000 pounds or more annually of watermelons pay an assessment of six cents per hundredweight. Assessments under the program are used by the Board to finance promotion, research, and educational programs designed to increase consumer demand for watermelons in the United States and international markets. The six cents per hundredweight assessment rate on watermelons became effective when the Plan was amended in January 2008, which was the only time that the Board increased the assessment rate since the inception of the program in 1989. The Plan is administered by the Board under the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) supervision. According to the Board, additional revenue is required to sustain and expand the promotional, research, and communications programs. The Board approved the proposed assessment rate increase at its February 24, 2024, meeting. This proposed increase is consistent with sec. 1647(f) of the Act that permits changes in the assessment rate through notice and comment procedures. Section 1210.341(b) of the Plan states that assessment rates shall be fixed by the Secretary in accordance with sec. 1647(f) of the Act. Section 1210.515(a) of the Plan currently states that an assessment of three cents per hundredweight shall be levied on all watermelons produced, and on all watermelons first handled for consumption as human food. It also states that an assessment of six cents per hundredweight shall be levied on watermelons imported into the United States for consumption as human food. Further, not more than one assessment on a producer, handler, or importer may be collected on any lot of watermelons. Under this proposal, Sec. 1210.515(a) of the Plan would be revised to increase the assessment rate from six cents to nine cents per hundredweight. The proposal would increase the assessment rate of three cents per hundredweight to four and a half cents per hundredweight to be levied on all watermelons produced, and on all watermelons first handled for consumption as human food in the United States and increase the assessment rate from six cents to nine cents per hundredweight to be levied on all watermelons imported into the United States for ultimate consumption as human food. The Board contracted with an independent industry analyst to conduct an inflation impact analysis using the Consumer Price Index (CPI) published by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The base year for the analysis was 2008, the year of the last assessment rate increase, and the analysis extended through April 2023. The CPI was 211.080 in January 2008 and 303.363 in April 2023. Dividing 303.363 by 211.080 yields a ratio of 1.437, or an increase of 43.7 percent. This inflation rate equates to 2.3% when compounded annually. Dividing the Board's average annual revenue throughout this period of $3,024,721 by the CPI change ratio of 1.437 yields a figure of $2,104,601. This decline of $920,120 shows the budget's reduced buying power of roughly 30 percent since the previous assessment increase. This reduction in buying power due to inflation has had a significant impact on the industry's ability to compete for market share. The cost of media services, research programs, promotional opportunities, as well as general administrative costs and fees paid to USDA have continually risen. USDA's AMS oversight costs were budgeted at $105,000 in 2008, compared to $147,000 for 2023. It is AMS policy that all research and promotion programs be charged in a fair and equitable manner. Assessments collected have not kept pace with these increasing costs. Movement and sales of watermelon continue to grow, however, that growth has not outpaced the negative effects of inflation. Armada Corporate Intelligence conducted a five-year return on investment (ROI) study for the Board from 2017-2021, to determine the impact of Board activities on the demand for watermelons. The resultant ROI for the Board's promotional endeavors is approximately 19:1, which displays that the activities of the Board have a significant positive impact on the watermelon industry. For further details, the study is located at https://www.watermelon.org/press-releases/watermelon-board-announces-significant-positive-impact-for-watermelon-industry-with-191-roi/. Armada Corporate Intelligence's 2021 econometric analysis is aligned with prior economic studies developed for the Board, including Dr. Harry Kaiser of Cornell University's 2017 analysis.\1\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ https://www.watermelon.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Econometric-Evaluation.pdf. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- With the proposed increase assessment, the financial commitment of the US watermelon industry for research and promotion activity would increase approximately 50% in current dollars. For example, if we apply the proposed assessment increase to 2023, in which collections totaled $3,442,105, the increase in assessments collected would have been approximately $1,721,053. The Board plans to use the additional funds to expand promotion and research activities, maintain operating reserves, and to address inflation's impact on buying power. The Board estimates the proposed nine cents per hundredweight adjustment to the assessment rate would increase the cost to watermelon producers and handlers from $12 per truckload of watermelons to $18 per truckload of watermelons each. Similarly, the adjusted assessment rate will increase the cost to watermelon importers from $24 a truckload to $36 a truckload. This is based on a 40,000- [[Page 56237]] pound net weight of watermelons per truckload. Prior to its recommendation to increase the assessment rate, the Board considered three alternative options. First, the Board considered maintaining the current assessment rate of six cents per hundredweight. However, with no increase to the assessment rate, the Board determined many research and promotion programs would be reduced or eliminated to balance the budget. Consequently, the alternative of maintaining the current assessment rate was rejected. The second alternative considered by the Board was a two-cent increase to the assessment rate, raising the assessment rate from six cents per hundredweight to eight cents per hundredweight. This would allow the Board to operate with a balanced budget beginning in 2025, in addition to increasing investment in Board promotions. However, the Board decided against supporting a two-cent increase as inflationary pressure may further limit operations of the Board in coming years. The third alternative considered by the Board was a tiered increase of the assessment rate with a two-cent increase effective on January 1, 2025, for a rate of eight cents per hundredweight, and an additional one-cent increase effective on January 1, 2026, for a rate of nine cents per hundredweight. This option to spread the assessment increase over a prolonged period was considered, but the Board ultimately decided against this alternative to avoid confusion with concurrent annual assessment adjustments. This proposed rulemaking would also include administrative changes to Sec. 1210.515(b) of the Plan to correct non-substantive and typographical errors. These administrative changes would have no impact on the assessment rate. This proposed rulemaking would not impose additional recordkeeping requirements on first handlers, producers, or importers of watermelons. Producers of fewer than 10 acres of watermelon and importers of less than 150,000 pounds of watermelon annually are exempt. There are no Federal rules that duplicate, overlap, or conflict with this proposed rulemaking. In accordance with the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) regulation [5 CFR part 1320] which implements the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 [44 U.S.C. chapter 35], the information collection and recordkeeping requirements that are imposed by the Plan have been approved previously under OMB control number 0581-0093. This proposed rulemaking would not result in a change to the information collection and recordkeeping requirements previously approved. AMS performed this initial Regulatory Flexibility Analysis regarding the impact of this proposed amendment to the Plan on small entities, and we invite comments concerning potential effects of this amendment on small businesses. AMS has determined this proposed rulemaking is consistent with the Act and would effectuate its purposes. A 30-day comment period is provided to allow interested persons to respond to this proposal. All written comments received in response to this proposed rulemaking by the date specified will be considered prior to finalizing this action. List of Subjects in 7 CFR Part 1210 Administrative practice and procedure, Advertising, Agricultural research, Consumer information, Marketing agreements, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Watermelons. For the reasons set forth in the preamble, the Agricultural Marketing Service proposes to amend 7 CFR part 1210 as follows: PART 1210--WATERMELON RESEARCH AND PROMOTION PLAN 0 1. The authority citation for part 1210 continues to read as follows: Authority: 7 U.S.C. 4901-4916 and 7 U.S.C. 7401. 0 2. Amend Sec. 1210.515 by revising paragraphs (a) and (b) to read as follows: Sec. 1210.515 Levy of assessments. (a) An assessment of four and a half cents per hundredweight shall be levied on all watermelons produced for ultimate consumption as human food, and an assessment of four and a half cents per hundredweight shall be levied on all watermelons first handled for ultimate consumption as human food. An assessment of nine cents per hundredweight shall be levied on all watermelons imported into the United States for ultimate consumption as human food at the time of entry in the United States. (b) The import assessment shall be uniformly applied to imported watermelons that are identified by the numbers 0807.11.30 and 0807.11.40 in the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States or any other number used to identify fresh watermelons for consumption as human food. The U.S. Customs Service and Border Protection (Customs) will collect assessments on such watermelons at the time of entry and will forward such assessment as per the agreement between Customs and USDA. Any importer or agent who is exempt from payment of assessments may submit to the Board adequate proof of the volume handled by such importer for the exemption to be granted. * * * * * Erin Morris, Associate Administrator, Agricultural Marketing Service. [FR Doc. 2024-14937 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:57.844231

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14695

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Proposed Rules] [Pages 56237-56250] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14695] ======================================================================= ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY 40 CFR Part 52 [EPA-R09-OAR-2024-0228; FRL-11830-01-R9] Federal Implementation Plan for Nonattainment New Source Review Program; Mojave Desert Air Quality Management District, California AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Proposed rule. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is proposing to promulgate a Federal Implementation Plan (FIP) under the Clean Air Act (CAA) that consists of Nonattainment New Source Review (NNSR) rules for areas within the jurisdiction of the Mojave Desert Air Quality Management District (MDAQMD or ``District'') in which air pollutant concentrations are above specific National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). The NNSR rules would apply to construction of new major stationary sources and major modifications at existing major stationary sources of air pollution. The proposed FIP, if finalized, would be implemented by the EPA, unless and until it is replaced by an EPA-approved state implementation plan (SIP). DATES: Comments must be received on or before August 23, 2024. The EPA will hold a virtual public hearing on July 24, 2024. ADDRESSES: You may send comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-R09- OAR-2024-0228 via the Federal eRulemaking Portal at https://www.regulations.gov/ (our preferred method). Follow the online instructions for submitting comments. Instructions: All submissions received must include the Docket ID No. for this rulemaking. Comments received may be posted without change to https://www.regulations.gov/, including any personal information provided. For detailed instructions on sending [[Page 56238]] comments and additional information on the rulemaking process, see the ``Public Participation'' heading of the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section of this document. You may register for the hearing at https://www.epa.gov/caa-permitting/public-hearing-federal-implementation-plan-nonattainment-new-source-review-program-0. Please refer to the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section for additional information on the public hearing. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Tanya Abrahamian, Air and Radiation Division, Rules Office (AIR-3-2), Environmental Protection Agency, Region IX, telephone number: (213) 244-1849; email address: [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Throughout this document, ``we,'' ``us,'' and ``our'' refer to the EPA. Public Participation A. Written Comments Submit your comments, identified by Docket ID No. EPA-R09-OAR-2024- 0228 at https://www.regulations.gov (our preferred method). Once submitted, comments cannot be edited or removed from the docket. The EPA may publish any comment received to its public docket. Do not submit to the EPA's docket at https://www.regulations.gov any information you consider to be Confidential Business Information (CBI) or other information whose disclosure is restricted by statute. Multimedia submissions (audio, video, etc.) must be accompanied by a written comment. The written comment is considered the official comment and should include discussion of all points you wish to make. The EPA will generally not consider comments or comment contents located outside of the primary submission (i.e., on the web, cloud, or other file sharing system). For additional submission methods, the full EPA public comment policy, information about CBI or multimedia submissions, and general guidance on making effective comments, please visit https://www.epa.gov/dockets/commenting-epa-dockets. B. Participation in Virtual Public Hearing The EPA will begin pre-registering speakers for the hearing no later than 1 business day after publication of this document in the Federal Register. To register to speak at the virtual hearing, please visit https://www.epa.gov/caa-permitting/public-hearing-federal-implementation-plan-nonattainment-new-source-review-program-0 for online registration. The last day to pre-register to speak at the hearing will be July 22, 2024. The EPA will post a general agenda for the hearing that will list pre-registered speakers in approximate order at: https://www.epa.gov/caa-permitting/public-hearing-federal-implementation-plan-nonattainment-new-source-review-program-0. The virtual public hearing will be held via teleconference on July 24, 2024. The virtual public hearing will convene at 4 p.m. Pacific Time (PT) and will conclude at 7 p.m. PT. The EPA may close the session 15 minutes after the last pre-registered speaker has testified if there are no additional speakers. For information or questions about the public hearing, please contact Tanya Abrahamian, per the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section of this document. The EPA will announce further details at https://www.epa.gov/caa-permitting/public-hearing-federal-implementation-plan-nonattainment-new-source-review-program-0. The EPA will make every effort to follow the schedule as closely as possible on the day of the hearing; however, please plan for the hearings to run either ahead of schedule or behind schedule. Each commenter will have 5 minutes to provide oral testimony. The EPA encourages commenters to provide the EPA with a copy of their oral testimony electronically (via email) by emailing it to [email protected]. The EPA also recommends submitting the text of your oral comments as written comments to the rulemaking docket. The EPA may ask clarifying questions during the oral presentations, but the EPA will not respond to the presentations at that time. Written statements and supporting information submitted during the comment period will be considered with the same weight as oral comments and supporting information presented at the public hearing. Please note that any updates made to any aspect of the hearing will be posted online at https://www.epa.gov/caa-permitting/public-hearing-federal-implementation-plan-nonattainment-new-source-review-program-0. While the EPA expects the hearing to go forward as set forth above, please monitor our website or contact [email protected], per the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section of this document, to determine if there are any updates. The EPA does not intend to publish a document in the Federal Register announcing updates. If you require the services of a translator or special accommodations such as audio description, please pre-register for the hearing and describe your needs by July 22, 2024. The EPA may not be able to arrange accommodations without advance notice. Policy on Children's Health In 2021, EPA updated its Policy on Children's Health to reflect that ``children's environmental health refers to the effect of environmental exposure during early life: from conception, infancy, early childhood and through adolescence until 21 years of age.'' In addition, the policy applies to ``effects of early life exposures [that] may also arise in adulthood or in later generations.'' In this action, the EPA is proposing to implement our Federal regulations in the nonattainment areas under the MDAQMD. In so far as there is an impact from this action, it will be positive since the deficiencies in the District's program it is meant to rectify would likely result in increased emissions as compared to this FIP and our Federal NNSR regulations. The information presented in this preamble is organized as follows: Table of Contents I. Purpose of This Action II. Background A. Standards, Designations, and Classifications B. Findings and Disapprovals C. Scope of the EPA's Proposed FIP III. Proposed FIP Requirements A. Plan Overview B. Definitions C. Applicability D. Permit Approval Criteria E. Public Participation Requirements F. Final Permit Issuance and Administrative and Judicial Review G. Administration and Delegation of the Major NSR Plan for the MDAQMD H. SIP Replacement of All or Any Part of This FIP I. Severability IV. Environmental Justice Considerations V. Proposed Action and Request for Public Comment VI. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews I. Purpose of This Action The EPA is proposing an NNSR FIP that will apply to construction of new major sources and major modifications at existing major sources that are located within areas that are designated as not in attainment with specific NAAQS. These are the San Bernardino County portion of the West Mojave Desert ozone nonattainment area and the San Bernardino County and Trona Planning Area PM10 nonattainment areas.\1\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ See 40 CFR 81.305. The PM10 nonattainment areas together consist of all of the MDAQMD portion of San Bernardino County; they are the Trona Planning Area and the portion of San Bernardino County that excludes both the Trona Planning Area and the portion of San Bernardino County that is located in the South Coast Air Basin. A map of this area is available in the docket for this action. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- [[Page 56239]] II. Background The following sections describe the basis for the EPA's determination that an NNSR FIP is necessary for the portion of the West Mojave Desert ozone nonattainment area and the San Bernardino County and Trona Planning Area PM10 nonattainment areas that are located within the jurisdiction of the MDAQMD. The MDAQMD is currently the agency responsible for issuing permits required under the CAA to construct new and modified major stationary sources of air pollution in San Bernardino County and the Palo Verde Valley portion of Riverside County.\2\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\ California Health and Safety Code section 41210(b). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- A. Standards, Designations, and Classifications The CAA requires the EPA to set NAAQS for ``criteria pollutants.'' States are then responsible for developing state implementation plans (SIPs) that contain regulatory measures to prevent air pollution from exceeding those standards, or to bring areas that do not meet those standards into attainment. Currently, ozone and related photochemical oxidants and particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than or equal to a nominal ten micrometers, or ``PM10,'' as well as five other major pollutants, are listed as criteria pollutants.\3\ On July 1, 1987, the EPA promulgated two primary standards for PM10.\4\ Effective December 18, 2006, the EPA revoked the annual PM10 NAAQS but retained the 24-hour PM10 NAAQS.\5\ On March 27, 2008, the EPA revised the NAAQS for ozone to strengthen the 8-hour primary and secondary standards (``2008 ozone NAAQS'').\6\ On March 6, 2015, the EPA issued an implementation rule for the 2008 ozone NAAQS (``2008 Ozone SIP Requirements Rule'').\7\ That action amended state planning requirements applicable to ozone nonattainment areas and provided specific deadlines for additional SIP submittals. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \3\ See 40 CFR part 50. \4\ 52 FR 24634 (July 1, 1987). \5\ 71 FR 61144 (October 17, 2006). \6\ 73 FR 16436 (March 27, 2008). \7\ 80 FR 12264 (March 6, 2015). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- As part of their SIPs, states designated as nonattainment for a NAAQS criteria pollutant are required to develop and submit to the EPA for approval NNSR preconstruction permit programs that meet the requirements in CAA sections 172, 173, and 182, as applicable. These permits limit increased emissions from construction of new and modified major stationary sources locating in, or located in, areas designated nonattainment for the NAAQS. The statutory and regulatory NNSR requirements for the 2008 ozone NAAQS are found in CAA sections 172(c)(5), 173, 182, and 40 CFR 51.160 through 51.165. The 2008 Ozone NAAQS SIP Requirements Rule required states to submit an NNSR plan or plan revision no later than three years from the effective date of the nonattainment designation for the 2008 ozone NAAQS, or by July 20, 2015.\8\ The EPA later revised the ozone NAAQS in 2015 (``2015 ozone NAAQS''), and thereafter \9\ promulgated a similar requirement for NNSR preconstruction permitting for the 2015 ozone NAAQS.\10\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \8\ 80 FR 12264 (March 6, 2015); 40 CFR 51.1114. \9\ 80 FR 65292 (October 26, 2015). \10\ 40 CFR 51.1314; 83 FR 62998 (December 6, 2018). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Within the MDAQMD, the ``Los Angeles-San Bernardino Counties (West Mojave Desert), CA'' area (``West Mojave Desert'') is currently designated to be in Severe nonattainment for the 2008 and 2015 ozone NAAQS.\11\ The Trona Planning Area and the remainder of San Bernardino County that is within the MDAQMD's jurisdiction are each designated as Moderate nonattainment areas for the 1987 PM10 NAAQS.\12\ The MDAQMD's jurisdiction is designated Attainment/Unclassifiable for all other criteria pollutants.\13\ Therefore, the designation of portions of the MDAQMD as Federal ozone and PM10 nonattainment areas triggered the requirement for the District to develop and submit an NNSR program to the EPA for approval into the California SIP. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \11\ 40 CFR 81.305. \12\ Id. \13\ Id. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- B. Findings and Disapprovals On February 3, 2017, the EPA found that the State of California had failed to submit a SIP revision for NNSR rules that apply to a Severe classification for the 2008 ozone NAAQS, as required under subpart 2 of part D of title 1 of the CAA and the 2008 Ozone SIP Requirements Rule.\14\ Consistent with the CAA and the EPA regulations, the EPA's finding of failure to submit in February 2017 established deadlines for the imposition of sanctions for the affected ozone nonattainment area. The EPA's finding of failure to submit also triggered an obligation under CAA section 110(c) for the EPA to promulgate a Federal Implementation Plan (FIP) no later than two years from the finding of failure to submit a complete SIP (i.e., by March 6, 2019).\15\ Specifically, the finding stated that if the state did not make the required SIP submission and the EPA did not take final action to approve the submission within two years of the effective date of these findings, the EPA would be required to promulgate a FIP for the affected nonattainment area.\16\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \14\ 82 FR 9158 (February 3, 2017). \15\ Id. at 9161. The effective date was March 6, 2019, because the 30-day period fell on a Sunday. \16\ Id. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The 2015 Ozone NAAQS Implementation Rule required the MDAQMD to submit an updated NNSR rule to the EPA by August 1, 2021, no later than three years from the effective date of its nonattainment designation.\17\ On July 23, 2021, the California Air Resources Board submitted to the EPA the MDAQMD's revised NNSR rules for the 2015 ozone NAAQS, which the MDAQMD adopted in March 2021.\18\ On June 30, 2023, the EPA finalized a limited approval and limited disapproval (``LA/LD action'') of the District's NNSR rules.\19\ The EPA evaluated the SIP submission to determine its compliance with NNSR requirements for the 2008 and 2015 ozone NAAQS and the 1987 PM10 NAAQS due to the MDAQMD's nonattainment status for those three NAAQS. The EPA's rulemaking for the submitted rules explained that the EPA had determined that the submitted rules contained six deficiencies that did not fully satisfy the relevant requirements for preconstruction review and permitting in nonattainment areas under section 110 and part D of title I of the Act, which therefore prevented full approval.\20\ As noted in that final action, this disapproval imposed an obligation for the EPA to promulgate a FIP pursuant to CAA section 110(c) within 24 months of the effective date of the action (i.e., July 31, 2023, which would make the EPA's deadline to promulgate a FIP no later than July 31, 2025) unless the EPA approved a subsequent SIP revision that corrects the deficiencies. The 2023 final action also noted that the EPA had an existing obligation to promulgate a FIP for any new source review (NSR) SIP elements that the Agency had not taken final action to approve.\21\ The EPA is proposing this FIP for the NNSR program in the MDAQMD to fulfill the EPA's statutory duty by the deadline established under [[Page 56240]] a consent decree in a lawsuit brought against the EPA to compel promulgation of a FIP arising from the finding of failure to submit.\22\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \17\ 83 FR 62998. \18\ 88 FR 42258 (June 30, 2023). \19\ Id. \20\ Id. \21\ Id. at 42268. \22\ Center for Biological Diversity et al., v. Regan, No. 3:22- cv-03309-RS (N.D. Cal.). This consent decree is also available in the docket of this action. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Accordingly, the EPA is proposing this FIP to address the deficiencies identified in the LA/LD action of MDAQMD Rules 1301, 1302, 1303, 1304, and 1305.\23\ These rules contain essential components of the MDAQMD's amended NNSR program. Although the EPA is aware that the MDAQMD intends to submit revisions to its NNSR program that would address all but one of the deficiencies in the 2023 LA/LD action,\24\ the EPA has not approved into the SIP any corrections that resolve the deficiencies identified in that rulemaking. Therefore, the EPA is proposing the FIP in this action to address the deficiencies identified in the June 30, 2023, LA/LD action.\25\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \23\ 88 FR 42258. \24\ Id. \25\ The EPA's review of any SIP submission submitted by the MDAQMD to address the deficiencies identified in the June 2023 final action will proceed as with any other SIP submission review. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- In that rulemaking, the EPA determined that the MDAQMD program did not satisfy the requirement that permit applicants obtain corresponding reductions in emissions to offset increased emissions from construction at stationary sources. The EPA observed that the calculation procedure used in the District's rules to determine the amount of offsets required in certain situations does not comply with CAA section 173(c)(1) nor the regulations at 40 CFR 51.165(a)(3)(ii)(J) and (a)(1)(vi)(E).\26\ Under CAA section 173(c)(1), the SIP must contain provisions to ensure that ``the total tonnage of increased emissions of the air pollutant from the new or modified source shall be offset by an equal or greater reduction . . . in the actual emissions of such air pollutant. . . .'' \27\ The EPA found the MDAQMD's Rule 1304 to be deficient because it allows offsets for each modification at a major source to be calculated as the difference between the pre- and post- modification allowable emissions (also referred to as ``potential to emit'' or PTE) of a pollutant as opposed to requiring offsets for these modifications based on the difference between pre-modification actual emissions and post-modification allowable emissions.\28\ In other words, the MDAQMD's Rule 1304 applies an allowables-to-allowables test (also referred to as a PTE-to-PTE test) for calculating the quantity of ``simultaneous emission reductions'' (SERs) \29\ for offsetting emissions increases from a ``Modified Major Facility.'' \30\ Because SERs calculated using the post-modification PTE to pre-modification PTE test at a Modified Major Facility are calculated using the pre- modification PTE instead of the pre-modification Historic Actual Emissions (HAE) as the baseline, the EPA determined that the District's approach for calculating offsets does not meet minimum SIP requirements.\31\ Using actual emissions as the pre-project baseline (as required by the EPA's regulations) would show a higher net emissions increase than a calculation that uses allowable (i.e., potential) emissions as the pre-project baseline.\32\ Consequently, calculating emissions decreases using potential emissions as the baseline allows reductions ``on paper'' that do not represent real emissions reductions. The EPA determined that this deficiency in the calculation procedures of Rule 1304 also results in deficiencies in Rules 1301, 1302, 1303, and 1305 because those rules contain cross- references to Rule 1304.\33\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \26\ 88 FR 42258, 42261-6. \27\ Offsets represent real reductions in real pollutants. A source that is permitted to emit 100 tpy but actually emits 90 tpy must reduce its actual emissions to below 90 tpy for offset credit. \28\ 40 CFR 51.165(a)(3)(ii)(J). \29\ ``SER'' is the MDAQMD's term for offsets. \30\ 88 FR 42261-6. The MDAQMD's rules equate ``allowable emissions'' and PTE. \31\ Id. The MDAQMD Regulation XIII, Rule 1301(HH) defines Historic Actual Emissions (HAE) as ``the Actual Emissions of an existing Emissions Unit or combination of Emissions Units, including Fugitive Emissions directly related to the Emissions Unit(s), if the Facility belongs to one of the Facility categories as listed in 40 CFR 51.165(a)(1)(iv)(C), calculated in pounds per year and determined pursuant to the provisions of District Rule 1304(D)(2).'' \32\ As the EPA wrote in the June 2023 limited approval and limited disapproval action, ``Allowable emissions are generally set higher than anticipated actual emissions to allow for normal fluctuations in emissions to occur without violating the permit conditions. The use of allowable emissions as the pre-project baseline means that the difference between pre-project and post- project emissions will be smaller than a calculation applying the EPA's requirement to use actual emissions as the pre-project baseline.'' \33\ Id. at 42263. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The EPA also determined that the definitions for ``Major Modification'' and ``Modification (Modified)'' in Rule 1301(NN) and 1301(JJ), respectively, are deficient because they allow permit applicants to calculate a net emissions increase using allowable (i.e., potential) emissions as the pre-project baseline, rather than actual emissions, as required by the EPA's NNSR regulations.\34\ More specifically, Rule 1304(B)(2) allows SERs calculated and verified pursuant to the PTE-to-PTE test under Rule 1304(C)(2) to be subtracted from the total of all ``net emissions increases'' at any given facility. Due to the same deficiency identified in Rule 1304, the EPA determined that the MDAQMD's approach does not meet minimum SIP requirements because determining the amount of a net emissions increase (by calculating the difference between pre-project and post-project emissions) using actual emissions as the pre-project baseline (as required by the EPA's regulations) will show a higher net emissions increase than a calculation that uses allowable (i.e., potential) emissions as the pre-project baseline.\35\ The MDAQMD definitions of ``major modification'' and ``modification (modified)'' in Rules 1301(NN) and 1301(JJ), respectively, are therefore not in compliance with the Federal regulations in 40 CFR 51.165(a)(1)(v)(A)(1); the calculation procedures for determining offsets pursuant to 40 CFR 51.165(a)(3)(ii)(J); and the criteria for determining the emission decreases that are creditable as offsets pursuant to 40 CFR 51.165(a)(1)(vi)(E)(1). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \34\ Id. at 42264-65. \35\ Id. at 42265. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Next, the District rules do not include a requirement in CAA section 182(c)(6) that applies to nonattainment areas classified as Serious and above. The CAA provides that increases of ozone precursor emissions (volatile organic compound (VOC) and oxides of nitrogen (NOX)) \36\ resulting from a modification ``shall not be considered de minimis for the purposes of determining (NNSR) applicability unless the increases in net emissions . . . from such source does not exceed 25 tons when aggregated with all other net increases in emissions from the source over any period of five consecutive calendar years which includes the calendar year in which such increase occurred.'' \37\ The EPA found the MDAQMD provisions to be deficient because they did not include this provision.\38\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \36\ While CAA section 182(c)(6) refers only to VOC emissions, CAA section 182(f) extends to NOX emissions all requirements related to VOC emissions unless the Administrator determines that there is a disbenefit to NOX reductions. \37\ CAA section 182(c)(6). \38\ 88 FR 42266-67. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- In addition to the deficiencies described above, the EPA identified deficiencies stemming from the MDAQMD's use of incorrect or undefined words. First, MDAQMD Rule 1304(D)(2)(a)(i) uses the word ``proceeds'' where the word ``precedes'' should be used, changing the meaning [[Page 56241]] of the provision.\39\ Second, the MDAQMD's rules allow the word ``contract,'' an undefined term, to act as a substitute for the word ``permit.'' \40\ The EPA found that where it is not clear that permit requirements must be met to obtain such a contract, regulated sources may not need to adhere to SIP requirements they would otherwise have to meet to obtain a permit. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \39\ Id. \40\ Id. at 42262. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Finally, MDAQMD Rule 1305 allows for interprecursor trading of ozone precursors, whereas the EPA's rules no longer allow interprecursor trading.\41\ Except for the deficiencies regarding the missing applicability threshold provision and ozone interprecursor trading, which only apply to the emission of ozone precursors, the deficiencies identified in this section are relevant for both ozone and PM10 nonattainment in the MDAQMD-administered portion of San Bernardino County. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \41\ Id. at 42266. On January 29, 2021, the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals issued a decision in Sierra Club v. U.S. EPA, which vacated an EPA regulation that allowed the use of reductions of an ozone precursor to offset increases in a different ozone precursor, i.e., ``interprecursor trading.'' Sierra Club v. EPA, 21 F.4th 815, 819-823 (D.C. Cir. 2021). On July 19, 2021, the EPA removed the ozone interprecursor trading provisions in 40 CFR 51.165(a)(11). 86 FR 37918 (July 19, 2021). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- C. Scope of the EPA's Proposed FIP The FIP proposed in this action would authorize the EPA to directly implement the NNSR program for construction of new major stationary sources and major modifications at existing stationary sources within (1) the San Bernardino County portion of the West Mojave Desert ozone nonattainment area for the 2008 and 2015 ozone NAAQS and (2) the portions of the San Bernardino County and Trona Planning Area PM10 nonattainment areas, all of which are within the MDAQMD's jurisdiction. The EPA would directly implement the NNSR program in these areas until such time as the EPA approves a SIP submission from the MDAQMD that fully resolves the deficiencies identified in the EPA's June 30, 2023, LA/LD action on the MDAQMD's NNSR program and identifies no new deficiencies.\42\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \42\ 88 FR 42258. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The proposed FIP requirements are designed to meet the statutory requirements for SIPs and NNSR programs in CAA sections 110(c)(1), 172(c)(5), 173, 182(c) and (d), 189(a)(1)(A) and (e), 301(a), and 302. The provisions of the FIP are also designed to meet the requirements for state plans in the EPA regulations at 40 CFR 51.165, 51.1114, and 51.1314. The FIP addresses the deficiencies the EPA identified in the MDAQMD's NNSR program by incorporating requirements from 40 CFR part 51, appendix S (``appendix S''), which was developed by the EPA as a transitional program for areas lacking an EPA-approved NNSR program. The deficiencies in the MDAQMD's NNSR program that the EPA identified in the 2023 LA/LD action are broad and affect multiple aspects of the program.\43\ For example, the MDAQMD's definition of what constitutes a modification could enable sources that should be subject to NNSR to avoid it, and the undefined term ``contract'' is potentially unenforceable. These deficiencies create issues at the outset as to whether a source is subject to NNSR. Because of these and the other deficiencies in the MDAQMD's NNSR program (e.g., the offset calculation deficiencies), the EPA determined that it is most appropriate to propose a FIP that implements all of appendix S until the MDAQMD submits a fully approvable SIP. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \43\ Id. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The EPA has not, however, applied appendix S as a standalone FIP, so additional requirements are needed for this FIP rule. While appendix S and 40 CFR 51.165 have elements of a FIP that can be readily incorporated into rules applicable to specific jurisdictions, they do not include the application submission requirements and other requirements necessary to make the program administrable. Absent such specific administration requirements in the EPA's Federal NSR regulation, the EPA has looked to other resources to develop the content for this FIP, including the EPA regulations at 40 CFR part 49, which contain a Federal NNSR program for Indian Country. The NNSR program only applies to pollutants for which an area is designated nonattainment; therefore, this proposed action would apply only in the areas within MDAQMD's jurisdiction that are designated nonattainment. Application of this FIP does not relieve source owners or operators or permit applicants from their obligation to comply with all applicable EPA-approved implementation plan requirements for sources within the jurisdiction of the MDAQMD. As discussed in section II.B of this document, the 2023 LA/LD action disapproved elements of the MDAQMD's NNSR program that the EPA identified as deficient; however, those disapproved elements remain in the SIP.\44\ Upon finalization of this FIP, permit applicants would still be required to comply with the MDAQMD SIP and therefore must still submit permit applications to the MDAQMD as that SIP requires, among other requirements. Permit applicants would therefore need to obtain two permits--one permit from the EPA under this FIP and one permit from the MDAQMD under the rules in the SIP. Applicants would not be allowed to begin actual construction until both the EPA and MDAQMD issue the respective permits under this FIP and the SIP; therefore, applicants would be advised to submit applications to each agency simultaneously to ensure parallel processing. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \44\ 88 FR 42258, 42268. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Where permit approval criteria between the MDAQMD's SIP and this FIP conflict--for example, the procedures to determine the quantity of offsets at a major modification, a deficiency in the MDAQMD's NNSR program--permit applicants would need to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of this FIP, since this FIP fills the gaps in the MDAQMD's NNSR program. The EPA does not anticipate that permit requirements in the EPA-issued FIP would be more stringent than the requirements in the SIP except for those that address the deficiencies the EPA identified in the 2023 LA/LD action. To the extent that there are any differences in the required application materials under the FIP versus the SIP, the applicant would need to comply with both requirements when submitting its application. The EPA would directly implement and enforce the FIP. Enforcement authority is provided under CAA section 113(a), which authorizes the EPA to impose penalties including requiring compliance with the applicable implementation plan within a specified amount of time, payment of a civil penalties or enforcing through a civil judicial action. III. Proposed FIP Requirements The proposed FIP would apply to construction of new major sources and major modifications at existing major sources located within ozone and PM10 nonattainment areas in the MDAQMD's jurisdiction. The proposed FIP includes the following sections: Plan Overview, Definitions, Applicability, Permit Approval Criteria, Public Participation Requirements, Final Permit Issuance and Administrative and Judicial Review, and Administration and Delegation of the Major NSR Plan for the MDAQMD. The following sections [[Page 56242]] summarize the requirements of the proposed FIP. As explained in section II.C. of this document, the content of this proposed FIP is generally based on appendix S, which is the EPA's transitional program for areas that lack an approved program. This FIP also includes, however, elements of the EPA's Federal Major New Source Review Program for Nonattainment Areas in Indian Country at 40 CFR part 49. A. Plan Overview The plan overview paragraph (paragraph (a)) establishes the purpose of the FIP and where it applies, and it sets forth the general provisions that apply to the FIP. The purpose of the FIP is to establish preconstruction permitting requirements for new major stationary sources and major modifications at existing major stationary sources located in the MDAQMD portion of the Los Angeles-San Bernardino County (West Mojave Desert) ozone nonattainment area and the San Bernardino County and Trona Planning Area PM10 nonattainment areas. The FIP would apply until such time as MDAQMD submits a revised SIP that resolves all the deficiencies identified by the EPA and the EPA fully approves the MDAQMD's NNSR SIP. If the EPA fully approves the MDAQMD's NNSR SIP, the EPA will transition its authority to the MDAQMD. This may include suspending the issuance of Federal NNSR permit decisions under this FIP for permit actions that are pending upon the effective date of the EPA's approval of the MDAQMD's NNSR SIP. The EPA may retain jurisdiction over Federal NNSR permit applications for which the EPA has issued a proposed permit decision, but for which final agency action or the exhaustion of all administrative and judicial appeals processes (including any associated remand actions), or both, have not yet been concluded or completed by the effective date of such approval. The EPA would address these details of the transition in the approval of the MDAQMD's NNSR SIP submission. If the EPA fully approves the MDAQMD's NNSR SIP, permits issued under this FIP will remain in effect and will be enforceable by the EPA. The EPA will continue to conduct the general administration of such permits and will retain authority to process and issue any and all subsequent NNSR permit actions relating to such permits. The EPA may transition this authority to the MDAQMD following a request from MDAQMD and after the EPA determines under CAA section 110(a)(2)(E)(i) that the MDAQMD has the necessary funding, personnel and authority and that the plan approval includes the authority for the MDAQMD to conduct general administration of such permits, the necessary authority to process and issue subsequent permit actions relating to such permits and the authority to enforce such permits. This detail of the transition would also be addressed in the plan approval action. B. Definitions Unless otherwise stated, the definitions in appendix S apply. Paragraph (b) contains additional definitions of the terms ``Actual emissions,'' ``Enforceable as a practical matter,'' ``Environmental Appeals Board,'' ``Nonattainment pollutant,'' ``Reviewing authority,'' and ``Significant.'' The EPA included definitions for these terms to ensure that they are adequate and appropriate for implementing this specific FIP. The definition of ``Actual emissions'' is similar to the definition in paragraph II.A.13 of appendix S but does not provide for a reviewing authority to presume that source-specific allowable emissions are equivalent to the source's actual emissions, since that provision is not relevant for the implementation of this FIP. The EPA included the definition of ``Enforceable as a practical matter'' because the term is used, but is not defined, in appendix S. The EPA included the definition of ``Environmental Appeals Board'' because it is a necessary term for describing the permit appeals process. The EPA included the definition of ``Nonattainment pollutant'' to simplify the regulatory language in the FIP and ensure that this FIP would apply to sources emitting nonattainment pollutants in the MDAQMD. The EPA included the definition of ``Reviewing authority'' to specify that the EPA administers this FIP unless the EPA has delegated its authority to the MDAQMD as specified in paragraph (g)(2) of Sec. 52.285. The EPA modified the definition of ``Significant'' as that term is defined in appendix S to also include applicability threshold in CAA section 182(c)(6), which applies in nonattainment areas classified Serious and above for ozone. Section 182(c)(6) says that a change to the method of operation of a stationary source or a physical change to the source itself cannot be considered de minimis for purposes of determining the applicability of NNSR permitting requirements unless the increase in net emissions of NOX or VOC from the source does not exceed 25 tons when aggregated with all other net increases in emissions from the source over any period of five consecutive calendar years, which includes the calendar year in which the increase occurred. C. Applicability This applicability paragraph (paragraph (c)) is titled ``Does the plan apply to me?'' This paragraph provides the criteria that a source is required to use for determining whether the FIP applies to the source. It states that the FIP applies to a source that will propose to construct a new major source (as defined in paragraph II.A.4 of appendix S) or a major modification at the permit applicant's existing major source (as defined in paragraph II.A.5 of appendix S). This paragraph also provides requirements concerning any source or modification that becomes a major stationary source or major modification solely by virtue of a relaxation in any enforceable limitation that was established after August 7, 1980. D. Permit Approval Criteria The permit approval criteria paragraph (paragraph (d)) provides the criteria the EPA will use in reviewing a permitting application and in granting or denying an NNSR permit. The criteria include the requirements specified in CAA section 173 and appendix S. With specific regard to one deficiency that the EPA identified in MDAQMD's NNSR rules as explained in the June 30, 2023, final rule, CAA section 173(c)(1) and 40 CFR 51.165 requires that state permit programs must ensure that emission increases from new or modified major stationary sources are offset by real reductions in actual emissions. These requirements are included in paragraph (d)(2) of Sec. 52.285. This paragraph also adopts by reference requirements from 40 CFR part 51, appendix S. Major new sources or major modifications locating in areas designated as nonattainment for a pollutant for which the source or modification would be major may be allowed to construct only if the conditions set forth in appendix S are met. These requirements are incorporated in section (d) of the proposed FIP. In addition to these requirements, the proposed paragraph also requires an applicant to submit certain information in its permit application to ensure that the information necessary to process the permit application is provided to the reviewing authority, consistent with the CAA requirements. This paragraph also requires the submission of information necessary for determining the potential effects on federally listed endangered or [[Page 56243]] threatened species or designated critical habitats, and on historic properties. Additionally, the paragraph provides instructions for submitting a permit application to the EPA. Finally, the proposed paragraph specifies that the reviewing authority shall require monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting conditions in a permit as necessary to facilitate compliance with the terms of a permit and make them enforceable as a practical matter. E. Public Participation Requirements The public participation paragraph (paragraph (e)) identifies the information for a project that must be made publicly available. It also describes how the public will be notified of a draft permit and how the public can comment and request a public hearing. These requirements are necessary to ensure that the FIP meets the requirements of the CAA and the EPA regulations, which require reviewing authorities to afford adequate opportunities for public participation in agency decision- making. F. Final Permit Issuance and Administrative and Judicial Review Paragraph (f) specifies when the final permit will be effective and addresses opportunities for administrative and judicial review of permitting decisions. Generally, a final permit becomes effective 30 days after service of the final permit decision, unless (1) a later effective date is specified in the permit; (2) review of the final permit is requested according to the appeal procedures in 40 CFR 124.19; \45\ or (3) no comments requested a change in the draft permit or a denial of the permit, in which case the reviewing authority may make the permit effective immediately upon issuance. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \45\ 40 CFR 124.19 establishes the appeal process for petitioning for review of a permit decision, including how to initiate an appeal, the deadline for filing a petition, and what to include in a petition. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- This paragraph also provides general requirements concerning the administrative record for the final permit decision, explaining the required contents of the administrative record, which is the basis for permit decisions by the reviewing authority. This paragraph also includes the requirements for permit reopenings and rescissions. Permit reopenings must provide for public notice and an opportunity for public comment, except for reopenings that do not increase emission limitations. Permit rescissions, which the reviewing authority may grant at the source's request if an application for rescission shows that the provisions of this paragraph would not apply to the source or modification, require public notice. G. Administration and Delegation of the Major NSR Plan for the MDAQMD Paragraph (g) specifies that the EPA is the reviewing authority for the FIP. It also provides a process for delegating the administration of the FIP to the MDAQMD, publication of notice of a delegation agreement, and revision or revocation of a delegation agreement. H. SIP Replacement of All or Any Part of This FIP The MDAQMD may submit revisions to its SIP at any time to address deficiencies identified by the EPA and the CAA requirements that are covered by the FIP. If the EPA approves such a SIP submittal, the approved MDAQMD rules would apply rather than the FIP, in whole or in part, as appropriate. SIP replacement of part of this FIP would still require the permit applicant to comply with the portion of the FIP that has not been replaced by the approved SIP. For the EPA to remove all FIP provisions, the MDAQMD would need to address of the deficiencies identified in the EPA's June 2023 final rulemaking action.\46\ As mentioned earlier in this document, the EPA is aware that the MDAQMD intends to submit revised rules to partially correct the deficiencies the EPA identified in the June 2023 final rulemaking action, which, if approved, could replace the corresponding requirements of this FIP. Until such time, permit applicants would be required, upon finalization of this FIP action, to comply with the FIP as well as the MDAQMD's SIP- approved NNSR regulation. As explained in section II.C of this document, this means permit applicants would need to submit permit application materials to both the EPA for review under the FIP and, separately, to the MDAQMD. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \46\ 88 FR 42258. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- I. Severability This FIP is a multifaceted regulatory instrument that addresses different NNSR requirements under the CAA, as detailed in the specific sections of this document that focus on the discrete contents of this FIP. The EPA intends the portions of this FIP to be severable from other portions, though the EPA took the approach of including all the parts in one rulemaking rather than promulgating multiple rules. For example, the permit approval criteria state that the reviewing authority shall not approve a permit application unless it meets criteria required under the CAA and appendix S. Those criteria include: --the lowest achievable emission rate requirement; --the certification that all existing major sources owned or operated in California are in compliance or on a schedule for compliance with all applicable emission limitations and standards under the CAA; --the requirement to obtain offsets from existing sources in the area of the proposed source such that there will be reasonable progress toward attainment of the applicable NAAQS; --the requirement to demonstrate that the offsets will provide a net air quality benefit in the affected area as required under part 51, appendix S, paragraph IV.A, Condition 4; --the requirement to demonstrate that emissions reductions otherwise required by the CAA are not credited for purposes of satisfying the offset requirements of the FIP; and --the analysis of alternative sites, sizes, production processes, and environmental control techniques to demonstrate that the benefits of the source or modification significantly outweigh the environmental and social costs imposed as a result of the source's location, construction, or modification. Each of these requirements is independent and may be severable. Should the MDAQMD submit a SIP revision that corrects some, but not all, of the deficiencies identified in our June 30, 2023 rulemaking, the permit approval criteria for this FIP could be limited to the remaining deficiencies the EPA identified.\47\ As described in section II.C of this document, permit applicants would still need to comply with any portions of the FIP that remain after the EPA approves the MDAQMD's revised rules in the SIP. Likewise, if a court invalidates any one of these elements of the FIP, the EPA intends the remainder of this action to remain effective, as the EPA finds each portion of it to be appropriate even if one or more parts of it have been set aside. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \47\ 88 FR 42264-42266; See also 87 FR 72434, 72438 (November 25, 2022). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- IV. Environmental Justice Considerations This section summarizes environmental justice data for areas that would be impacted by this proposed action for informational and transparency purposes only. The EPA notes that the following discussion about environmental justice data is not a basis for this action and is distinct [[Page 56244]] from the statutory obligations discussed in this proposal under the CAA. The CAA and applicable implementing regulations neither prohibit nor require an evaluation of environmental justice and consideration of environmental justice did not inform the regulatory requirements included in this proposal. The EPA identified environmental burdens and susceptible populations in communities with potential environmental justice concerns in the MDAQMD portion of the West Mojave Desert ozone nonattainment area and the San Bernardino County and Trona Planning Area PM10 nonattainment areas using a screening-level analysis for ozone and PM10 in the West Mojave Desert using the EPA's environmental justice screening and mapping tool (``EJSCREEN'').\48\ The EJSCREEN information and related supporting documentation for this action are available in the public docket for this action. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \48\ EJSCREEN provides a nationally consistent dataset and approach for combining environmental and demographic indicators. EJSCREEN is available at: https://www.epa.gov/ejscreen/what-ejscreen. The EPA used EJSCREEN to obtain environmental and demographic indicators. These indicators are included in EJSCREEN reports that are available in the rulemaking docket for this action. However, EJSCREEN is not a detailed risk analysis. It is a screening tool that examines some of the relevant issues related to environmental justice, and there is uncertainty in the data included. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The area in which the FIP would apply is a large portion of San Bernardino County, California (all but the southwest portion of the County). The EPA used EJSCREEN to look at existing major stationary sources located in the 15 cities in the portion of San Bernardino County that is in the MDAQMD's jurisdiction.\49\ EJSCREEN shows that the population of San Bernardino County, California is 2,192,817, although a significant portion of the population lives in the area that is outside the jurisdiction of the MDAQMD and therefore outside of the geographic area that would be subject to this proposed FIP. The 15 cities (and their populations as provided in EJSCREEN) are Daggett (553), Oro Grande (4,899), Ivanpah (1), Hinkley (436), Barstow (27,835), Victorville (94,380), Trona (1,546), Adelanto (19,567), Kelso (1), Newberry Springs (488), Needles (7,844), Lucerne Valley (2,778), Edwards Air Force Base (6,579), Hesperia (60,788), and China Lake (32,020). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \49\ Information about the existing major stationary sources is available on the MDAQMD's website. See https://www.mdaqmd.ca.gov/. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The EJSCREEN results show 13 of the 15 cities (except for the cities of Needles and Oro Grande) have percentiles above the general 80th percentile nationally \50\ for the ozone EJ index or the supplemental ozone EJ index. None of the cities exceeds the general 80th percentile nationally for the PM EJ index or the supplemental PM EJ index. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \50\ The EPA has provided that, if any of the EJ indices for the areas under consideration are at or above the 80th percentile nationally, then further review may be appropriate. However, it is important to note that an area with any EJ indices at or above the 80th percentile nationally does not necessarily mean that the area is an ``EJ Community.'' As stated previously, EJSCREEN provides screening-level indicators, not a determination of the existence or absence of EJ concerns. See: https://www.epa.gov/ejscreen/how-interpret-ejscreen-data. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The EPA also looked at the EJSCREEN's socioeconomic indicators called ``demographic index,'' ``limited English-speaking households,'' and ``less than high school education.'' For the ``demographic index,'' the results show that 7 or the 15 cities have percentiles that exceed the general 80th percentile nationally. These cities are Daggett, Ivanpah, Barstow, Victorville, Adelanto, Kelso, and Hesperia. The ``demographic index'' is generally the average of an area's percent minority and percent low-income population. For the ``limited English-speaking households'' socioeconomic indicator, the results show that 4 of the 15 cities exceed the general 80th percentile nationally; these cities are Ivanpah, Hinkley, Kelso, and Lucerne Valley. For the ``less than high school education'' socioeconomic indicator, the results show that 8 of the 15 cities exceeded the general 80th percentile nationally; these cities are Hinkley, Adelanto, Lucerne Valley, Ivanpah, Victorville, Kelso, and Hesperia. The EPA intends to address any potential EJ-related concerns that may be associated with the socioeconomic indicators for the ``demographic index,'' ``limited English-speaking households,'' and ``less than high school education'' through outreach and public participation for the permits issued under the FIP. This work includes announcing the opportunity to comment on each permit and making proposed permit actions available to the public during the public comment period with an opportunity for a public hearing. Given that the implementation and public participation methods are similar to those in the District's currently applicable permit program, the EPA does not anticipate any change to these requirements resulting from the finalization of this FIP as proposed. V. Proposed Action and Request for Public Comment In accordance with CAA sections 110(c) and 301(a),\51\ the EPA is proposing to promulgate a FIP for the NNSR program for the MDAQMD portion of the West Mojave Desert ozone nonattainment area and the San Bernardino County and Trona Planning Area PM10 nonattainment areas. The FIP would apply only to construction of new major stationary sources and major modifications at existing major stationary source in these nonattainment areas. The proposed FIP implements statutory requirements in CAA sections 110(c)(1), 172(c)(5), 173, 179(b), 182(c) and (d), 189(a)(1)(A) and (e), 301(a), and 302. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \51\ Under CAA section 301(a), the EPA is authorized to prescribe such regulations as are necessary to carry out its functions under this chapter. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The FIP will be directly implemented and enforced by the EPA. The proposed FIP authorizes the EPA to delegate implementation of the FIP to the MDAQMD if the District requests such delegation. The FIP would apply until the MDAQMD revises its SIP to address deficiencies identified by the EPA and the EPA fully approves the MDAQMD's NNSR SIP. The EPA will accept comments from the public on this proposed FIP for the next 45 days. The deadline and instructions for submission of comments are provided in the DATES and ADDRESSES sections at the beginning of this proposed rule. VI. Statutory and Executive Order Reviews Additional information about these statutes and Executive orders can be found at https://www.epa.gov/laws-regulations/laws-and-executive-orders. A. Executive Order 12866: Regulatory Planning and Review and Executive Order 14094: Modernizing Regulatory Review This action is not a significant regulatory action as defined in Executive Order 12866 (58 FR 51735, October 1993), as amended by Executive Order 14094 (88 FR 21879, April 11, 2023), and was, therefore, not subject to a requirement for Executive Order 12866 review. B. Paperwork Reduction Act This action does not impose an information collection burden under the provisions of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.) because the proposed rule implements existing requirements under the CAA and 40 [[Page 56245]] CFR 51.160 through 51.165. The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has previously approved the information collection activities in the existing prevention of significant deterioration (PSD) and NNSR regulations under OMB control number 2060-0003. The burden associated with obtaining an NNSR permit for a major stationary source undergoing a major modification is already accounted for under the approved information collection requests. Thus, the EPA is not conducting an information collection request for this action. C. Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA) I certify that this action will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities under the RFA. This action is unlikely to impact small entities because the permitting requirements implemented through this action are applicable only to construction or modification of major stationary sources of air pollution. In the MDAQMD, major sources are those that emit, or have the potential to emit 25 tons per year or more of NOX, SOX, or VOC; or 15 tons per year or more of PM10. To the extent that any small entities would own or operate sources capable of emitting this much air pollution, the requirements of this action apply only to construction of new major sources, or major modifications to existing major sources, located in the portions of the MDAQMD that are subject to the requirements of this action. The EPA does not have information to suggest that there currently are a substantial number of major stationary sources located in the MDAQMD that are owned or operated by small entities. The Agency also does not have any information on future modifications that any such existing major sources may engage in after finalization of this FIP. Further, the Agency does not have information that suggests one or more small entities will seek to construct a new major stationary source in the MDAQMD. Even if the Federal permitting requirements established in this FIP could be applicable to one or more small entities, these requirements would not have significant economic impact on such a small entity. Furthermore, any impact would not affect a substantial number of small entities. This proposed FIP ensures that such small entities and other sources subject to the FIP requirements meet CAA requirements to which these sources should have already been subject. Upon finalization of this action, sources applying for a permit will be required to submit application materials to the EPA in compliance with the proposed FIP. These sources are already subject to NNSR requirements under the District's SIP, including, the requirements to submit applications, to obtain offsets, and to install pollution control technology that satisfies Federal standards. Consequently, the incremental impact associated with application of the specific requirements of the NNSR regulations for certain sources emitting nonattainment criteria pollutants or its precursors is expected to be de minimis, primarily pertaining to the amount of offsets needed. D. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (UMRA) This proposed action does not contain an unfunded mandate of $100 million or more, as described in UMRA, 2 U.S.C. 1531-1538, and does not significantly or uniquely affect small governments. This action imposes no enforceable duty on any state, local, or tribal governments or the private sector. E. Executive Order 13132: Federalism This action does not have federalism implications. It will not have substantial direct effects on the states, on the relationship between the National Government and the states or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the various levels of government. F. Executive Order 13175: Consultation and Coordination With Indian Tribal Governments This action does not have tribal implications, as specified in Executive Order 13175, because this proposed rule would not apply on any Indian reservation land or in any other area where the EPA or an Indian tribe has demonstrated that the tribe has jurisdiction, and it will not impose substantial direct costs on tribal governments or preempt tribal law. Thus, Executive Order 13175 does not apply to this action. G. Executive Order 13045: Protection of Children From Environmental Health Risks and Safety Risks Executive Order 13045 directs Federal agencies to include an evaluation of the health and safety effects of the planned regulation on children in Federal health and safety standards and explain why the regulation is preferable to potentially effective and reasonably feasible alternatives. This action is not subject to Executive Order 13045 because it is not a significant regulatory action under section 3(f)(1) of Executive Order 12866. The EPA does not believe the environmental health or safety risks addressed by this action present a disproportionate risk to children because it implements specific standards established by Congress in statutes. However, EPA's Policy on Children's Health applies to this action. Information on how the Policy was applied is available under ``Children's Environmental Health'' in the Supplementary Information section of this preamble. H. Executive Order 13211: Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use This action is not subject to Executive Order 13211 (66 FR 28355, May 22, 2001), because it is not a significant regulatory action under Executive Order 12866. I. National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act (NTTAA) This rulemaking does not involve technical standards. J. Executive Order 12898: Federal Actions To Address Environmental Justice in Minority Populations and Low-Income Populations and Executive Order 14096: Revitalizing our Nation's Commitment to Environmental Justice for All The EPA believes that it is not practicable to assess whether the human health or environmental conditions that exist prior to this action result in disproportionate and adverse effects on communities with environmental justice concerns. While the EPA can identify the existing major sources in the nonattainment areas that would be impacted by this action, the EPA cannot quantify the number or types of sources that will undertake major modifications in the future. Additionally, the EPA cannot know whether new major sources will locate in the nonattainment area and what emissions these sources may have. The impacts of the proposal on are likely to vary greatly depending on the source category, number and location of facilities, and the pollutants and potential controls addressed. Therefore, while the EPA cannot quantify the precise baseline conditions and impacts, to the extent that this action will have impacts, it will not result in disproportionate and adverse effects on communities with EJ concerns as compared with baseline human health and environmental conditions. Upon finalization of this action, the EPA would replace the MDAQMD in implementation of the District's NNSR program through the FIP. Therefore, the EPA does not anticipate that this action, [[Page 56246]] upon finalization, will result in any negative impacts to human health and the environment negative impacts. If this action has any impact on human health or the environment it will be beneficial in so far as the FIP action will address deficiencies associated with the calculation of emission offsets in the NNSR program. As explained in section II of this NPRM, this FIP is being promulgated to address several deficiencies with the MDAQMD's NNSR program. While the EPA has not analyzed the health impacts nor the emissions impacts from these deficiencies, the deficient provisions are less stringent than the Federal NNSR requirements that the EPA will be applying if this proposed FIP is finalized. Therefore, in so far as the EPA can qualitatively identify impacts to human health and the environment, the EPA expects this action, if finalized, would ensure the protections provided by the CAA and EPA's implementing regulations will be fully realized. List of Subjects in 40 CFR Part 52 Environmental protection, Air pollution control, Ammonia, Incorporation by reference, Intergovernmental relations, Nitrogen oxides, Ozone, Particulate matter, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Volatile organic compounds. Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq. Michael Regan, Administrator. For the reasons stated in the preamble, part 52 of title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations is proposed to be amended as follows: PART 52--APPROVAL AND PROMULGATION OF IMPLEMENTATION PLANS 0 1. The authority citation for part 52 continues to read as follows: Authority: 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq. Subpart F--California 0 2. Section 52.285 is added to read as follows: Sec. 52.285 Review of new sources and modifications--Mojave Desert Air Quality Management District. (a) Plan overview--(1) What is the purpose of the Federal Implementation Plan (FIP or ``plan'')? The FIP has the following purposes: (i) It establishes the Federal preconstruction permitting requirements for new major sources and major modifications located in nonattainment areas within the Mojave Desert Air Quality Management District (MDAQMD or ``District'') that are major for a nonattainment pollutant. (ii) The plan serves as the Federal nonattainment new source review (NNSR or ``nonattainment major NSR'') plan for the area described in paragraph (a)(1)(i) of this section, which the EPA has determined does not meet all of the Clean Air Act (CAA or ``Act'') title I part D requirements for NNSR programs. Sources subject to the plan must comply with the provisions and requirements of 40 CFR part 51, appendix S. The FIP also sets forth the criteria and procedures that the reviewing authority (as defined in paragraph (b)(1)(v) of this section) must use to issue permits under the plan. For the purposes of the plan, the term SIP means any EPA-approved implementation plan for the area administered by the MDAQMD. (iii) Paragraph (f)(3) of this section sets forth procedures for appealing a permit decision issued under the plan. (iv) The plan does not apply in Indian country, as defined in 18 U.S.C. 1151 and 40 CFR 49.167, located within the MDAQMD. (2) Where does the plan apply? (i) The provisions of the plan apply to the proposed construction of any new major stationary source or major modification in the MDAQMD that is major for a nonattainment pollutant, if the stationary source or modification is located anywhere in the designated nonattainment area. (3) What general provisions apply under the plan? The following general provisions apply to you as an owner or operator of a source: (i) If you propose to construct a new major source or a major modification in a nonattainment area in the MDAQMD, you must obtain a Federal NNSR permit (``permit'') under the plan before beginning actual construction. You may not begin actual construction after the effective date of the plan without applying for and receiving a Federal NNSR permit that authorizes construction pursuant to the plan. (ii) You must construct and operate your source or modification in accordance with the terms of your permit issued under the plan. (iii) Issuance of a permit under the plan does not relieve you of the responsibility to fully comply with applicable provisions of any EPA-approved implementation plan or FIP, and any other requirements under applicable law. This includes obligations to comply with any EPA- approved SIP provisions that satisfy Federal new source review (NSR) requirements. (b) Definitions. For the purposes of the plan, the definitions in 40 CFR part 51, appendix S, paragraph II.A, and 40 CFR 51.100 apply, except for paragraphs (b)(1) through (6) of this section, which replace the corresponding definitions found in part 51, appendix S: (1) Actual emissions means the actual rate of emissions of a regulated NSR pollutant from an emissions unit, as determined in accordance with paragraphs (b)(1)(i) and (ii) of this section, except that this paragraph (b)(1) shall not apply for calculating whether a significant emissions increase has occurred. Instead, 40 CFR part 51, appendix S, paragraphs II.A.24 and 30, shall apply for those purposes. (i) In general, actual emissions as of a particular date shall equal the average rate, in tons per year, at which the unit actually emitted the pollutant during a consecutive 24-month period that precedes the particular date and that is representative of normal source operation. The reviewing authority shall allow the use of a different time period upon a determination that it is more representative of normal source operation. Actual emissions shall be calculated using the unit's actual operating hours, production rates, and types of materials processed, stored, or combusted during the selected time period. (ii) For any emissions unit that has not begun normal operations on the particular date, actual emissions shall equal the potential to emit of the unit on that date. (2) Enforceable as a practical matter means that an emission limitation or other standard is both legally and practicably enforceable as follows: (i) An emission limitation or other standard is legally enforceable if the reviewing authority has the legal power to enforce it. (ii) Practical enforceability for an emission limitation or for other standards (design standards, equipment standards, work practices, operational standards, pollution prevention techniques) in a permit for a source is achieved if the permit's provisions specify: (A) A limitation or standard and the emissions units or activities at the source subject to the limitation or standard; (B) The time period for the limitation or standard (e.g., hourly, daily, monthly and/or annual limits such as rolling annual limits); and (C) The method to determine compliance, including appropriate monitoring, recordkeeping, reporting, and testing. [[Page 56247]] (3) Environmental Appeals Board means the Board within the EPA described in 40 CFR 1.25(e). (4) Nonattainment pollutant means any regulated NSR pollutant for which the MDAQMD, or portion of the MDAQMD, has been designated as nonattainment, as codified in 40 CFR 81.305, as well as any precursor of such regulated NSR pollutant specified in 40 CFR part 51, appendix S, paragraph II.A.31.(ii)(b). (5) Reviewing authority means the Administrator of EPA Region IX, but it may include the MDAQMD if the Administrator delegates the power to administer the FIP under paragraph (g) of this section. (6) Significant means, in reference to an emissions increase or a net emissions increase, and notwithstanding the definition of ``significant'' in 40 CFR part 51, appendix S, paragraph II.A.10, any increase in actual emissions of volatile organic compounds or oxides of nitrogen that would result from any physical change in, or change in the method of operation of, a major stationary source locating in a serious or severe ozone nonattainment area if such emissions increase of volatile organic compounds or oxides of nitrogen exceeds 25 tons per year when aggregated with all other net emissions increases from the source over any period of 5 consecutive calendar years that includes the calendar year in which such increase occurred. (c) Does the plan apply to me? (1) In any MDAQMD nonattainment area, the requirements of the plan apply to you under the following circumstances: (i) If you propose to construct a new major stationary source and your source is a major source of nonattainment pollutant(s). (ii) If you own or operate a major stationary source and propose to construct a major modification, where your source is a major source of nonattainment pollutant(s) and the proposed modification is a major modification for the nonattainment pollutant. (2) At such time that a particular source or modification becomes a major stationary source or major modification solely by virtue of a relaxation in any enforceable limitation that was established after August 7, 1980, on the capacity of the source or modification otherwise to emit a pollutant, such as a restriction on hours of operation, then the requirements of the plan shall apply to the source or modification as though construction had not yet commenced on the source or modification. (d) Permit approval criteria--(1) What are the general criteria for permit approval? The criteria for approval of applications for permits submitted pursuant to the plan are provided in part D of title I of the Act and in 40 CFR 51.160 through 51.165 and 40 CFR part 51, appendix S. (2) What are the plan-specific criteria for permit approval? Consistent with the requirements in 40 CFR part 51, appendix S, the reviewing authority shall not approve a permit application unless it meets the following criteria: (i) The lowest achievable emission rate (LAER) requirement for any NSR pollutant subject to the plan and monitoring, recordkeeping, reporting, and testing as necessary to assure compliance with LAER. (ii) Certification that all existing major sources owned or operated by the applicant in California are in compliance or, on a schedule for compliance, with all applicable emission limitations and standards under the Act. (iii) Any source or modification subject to the plan must obtain emission reductions (offsets) from existing sources in the area of the proposed source (whether or not under the same ownership) such that there will be reasonable progress toward attainment of the applicable NAAQS. Notwithstanding 40 CFR part 51, appendix S, paragraph IV.G.5, interprecursor offsetting is not permitted between precursors of ozone. A demonstration of reasonable progress toward attainment shall include: (A) A demonstration that the emission offsets will provide a net air quality benefit in the affected area, as required under 40 CFR part 51, appendix S, paragraph IV.A, Condition 4. (B) A demonstration that emissions reductions otherwise required by the Act are not credited for purposes of satisfying the offset requirements in this paragraph (d)(2)(iii) and part D of title I of the Act. (iv) An analysis of alternative sites, sizes, production processes and environmental control techniques for such proposed major source or major modification that demonstrates that the benefits of the proposed major source or major modification significantly outweigh the environmental and social costs imposed as a result of its location, construction, or modification. (3) What are the application requirements? The owner or operator of any proposed new major stationary source or major modification shall submit a complete application using EPA Region IX's electronic system, which is described in paragraph (d)(3)(ii) of this section. The application must include the information listed in this paragraph (d)(3) as well as the demonstrations to show compliance with paragraphs (d)(2)(i) through (iv) of this section. The reviewing authority's designation that an application is complete for purposes of permit processing does not preclude the reviewing authority from requesting or accepting any additional information. (i) Application content requirements. (A) Identification of the permit applicant, including contact information. (B) Address and location of the new or modified source. (C) Identification and description of all emission points, including information regarding all nonattainment pollutants emitted by all emissions units included in the new source or modification. (D) A process description of all activities, including design capacity, that may generate emissions of nonattainment pollutants, in sufficient detail to establish the basis for the applicability of standards. (E) A projected schedule for commencing construction and operation for all emissions units included in the new source or modification. (F) A projected operating schedule for each emissions unit included in the new source or modification. (G) A determination as to whether the new source or modification will result in any secondary emissions. (H) The emission rates of all regulated NSR pollutants, including fugitive and secondary emission rates, if applicable. The emission rates must be described in tons per year (tpy). If necessary, shorter- term rates must be described to allow for compliance using the applicable standard reference test method or other methodology specified (i.e., grams/liter, parts per million volume (ppmv) or parts per million weight (ppmw), lbs/MMBtu). (I) The calculations on which the emission rate information is based, including fuel specifications, if applicable, and any other assumptions used to determine the emission rates (e.g., higher heating value (HHV), sulfur content of natural gas, VOC content). (J) The calculations, pursuant to 40 CFR part 51, appendix S, paragraph IV.I and IV.J, that are used to determine applicability of the plan, including the emission calculations (increases or decreases) for each project that occurred during the contemporaneous period, as applicable. (K) The calculations, pursuant to 40 CFR part 51, appendix S, paragraph IV.A, used to determine the quantity of offsets required for the new source or modification. [[Page 56248]] (L) Identification of actual emission reductions that meet the offset integrity criteria of being real, surplus, quantifiable, permanent and federally enforceable. (M) If applicable, a description of how performance testing will be conducted, including test methods and a general description of testing protocols. (N) Information necessary to determine whether issuance of such permit: (1) May adversely affect federally-listed threatened or endangered species or the designated critical habitat of such species; or (2) Has the potential to cause adverse effects on historic properties. (ii) Application process requirements. To submit an application required under the plan, applicants may submit electronically through the Central Data Exchange (CDX)/Compliance and Emissions Data Reporting Interface (CEDRI) or submit by mail. (A) CDX/CEDRI is accessed through https://cdx.epa.gov. First-time users will need to register with CDX. The CDX platform will also be used for any permit reporting requirements. (B) Applicants that do not apply using CDX/CEDRI shall mail a signed application using certified mail (do not request signature) to: Air and Radiation Division, Permits Office (Air-3-1), U.S. EPA, Region 9, 75 Hawthorne Street, San Francisco, CA 94105. (C) Applicants that apply using certified mail must email a copy of the application and the certified mail tracking number to provide notification of delivery receipt to [email protected]. (4) What are the requirements for monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting? The reviewing authority shall require in the conditions of a permit such monitoring, recordkeeping, and reporting as necessary to facilitate compliance with the terms of a permit and to make them enforceable as a practical matter. (e) Public participation requirements--(1) What permit information will be publicly available? With the exception of any confidential information as defined in 40 CFR part 2, subpart B, the reviewing authority must make available for public inspection the documents listed in paragraphs (e)(1)(i) through (iv) of this section. The reviewing authority must make such information available for public inspection at the appropriate EPA Regional Office and in at least one location in the area affected by the source, such as the MDAQMD headquarters location or a local library. (i) All information submitted as part of your permit application as required under paragraph (d)(3) of this section. (ii) Any additional information requested by the reviewing authority. (iii) The reviewing authority's analysis of the application and any additional information submitted by you, including the LAER analysis and, where applicable, the analysis of your emissions reductions (offsets), your demonstration of a net air quality benefit in the affected area and your analysis of alternative sites, sizes, production processes and environmental control techniques. (iv) A copy of the draft permit or the draft decision to deny the permit with the justification for denial. (2) How will the public be notified and participate? (i) Before issuing a permit under the plan, the reviewing authority must prepare a draft permit and provide adequate public notice to ensure that the affected community and the general public have reasonable access to the application and draft permit information, as set out in this paragraph (e)(2)(i) and paragraph (e)(2)(ii) of this section. The public notice must provide an opportunity for public comment and notice of a public hearing, if any, on the draft permit. (A) The reviewing authority must mail a copy of the notice to you (the permit applicant), the MDAQMD (or the EPA if there is a delegation under paragraph (g) of this section), and the California Air Resources Board (CARB). (B) The reviewing authority must comply with the methods listed in paragraph (e)(2)(i)(B)(1) or (2) of this section: (1) The reviewing authority must post the notice on its website. (2) The reviewing authority must publish the notice in a newspaper of general circulation in the area affected by the source. (3) The reviewing authority may also include other forms of notice as appropriate. This may include posting copies of the notice at one or more locations in the area affected by the source, such as at post offices, libraries, community centers or other gathering places in the community. (ii) The notices required pursuant to paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section must include the following information at a minimum: (A) Identifying information, including the name and address of the permit applicant (and the plant name and address if different); (B) The name and address of the reviewing authority processing the permit application; (C) The regulated NSR pollutants to be emitted, and identification of the emissions unit(s) whose emissions of a regulated NSR pollutant could be affected by the project, including any emission limitations for these emissions unit(s); (D) The emissions change involved in the permit action; (E) Instructions for requesting a public hearing; (F) The name, address and telephone number of a contact person in the reviewing authority's office from whom additional information may be obtained; (G) Locations and times of availability of the information, listed in paragraph (e)(1) of this section, for public inspection; and (H) A statement that any person may submit written comments, a written request for a public hearing or both, on the draft permit action. The reviewing authority must provide a period of at least 30 days from the date of the public notice for comments and for requests for a public hearing. (3) How will the public comment and will there be a public hearing? (i) Any person may submit written comments on the draft permit and may request a public hearing. The comments must raise any reasonably ascertainable issue with supporting arguments by the close of the public comment period (including any public hearing). The reviewing authority must consider all comments in making the final decision. The reviewing authority must keep a record of the commenters and of the issues raised during the public participation process, and such records must be available to the public. (ii) The reviewing authority must extend the public comment period under paragraph (e)(2) of this section to the close of any public hearing under this section. The hearing officer may also extend the comment period by so stating at the hearing. (iii) A request for a public hearing must be in writing and must state the nature of the issues proposed to be raised at the hearing. (iv) If requested, the reviewing authority may hold a public hearing at its discretion to give interested persons an opportunity for the oral presentation of data, views, or arguments, in addition to an opportunity to make written statements. The reviewing authority may also hold a public hearing at its discretion, whenever, for instance, such a hearing might clarify one or more issues involved in the permit decision. The reviewing authority must provide notice of any public hearing at least 30 days prior to the date of the hearing. Public notice of the hearing may be [[Page 56249]] concurrent with that of the draft permit, and the two notices may be combined. Reasonable limits may be set upon the time allowed for oral statements at the hearing. (v) The reviewing authority must make the written transcript of any hearing available to the public. (f) Final permit issuance and administrative and judicial review-- (1) How will final action occur and when will my Federal NNSR permit become effective? After making a decision on a permit application, the reviewing authority must notify you, the permit applicant, of the decision in writing, and, if the permit is denied, provide the reasons for such denial and the procedures for appeal. If the reviewing authority issues a final permit to you, it must make a copy of the permit available at any location where the draft permit was made available. In addition, the reviewing authority must provide adequate public notice of the final permit decision to ensure that the affected community, the general public and any individuals who commented on the draft permit have reasonable access to the decision and supporting materials. A final permit becomes effective 30 days after service of the final permit decision, unless: (i) A later effective date is specified in the permit; (ii) Review of the final permit is requested under paragraph (f)(3) of this section; or (iii) No comments requested a change in the draft permit or a denial of the permit, in which case the reviewing authority may make the permit effective immediately upon issuance. (2) What is the administrative record for each final permit? (i) The reviewing authority must base final permit decisions on an administrative record consisting of: (A) All comments received during any public comment period, including any extension or reopening; (B) The tape or transcript of any hearing(s) held; (C) Any written material submitted at such a hearing; (D) Any new materials placed in the record as a result of the reviewing authority's evaluation of public comments; (E) Other documents in the supporting files for the permit that were relied upon in the decision-making; (F) The final Federal NNSR permit; (G) The application and any supporting data furnished by you, the permit applicant; (H) The draft permit or notice of intent to deny the application or to terminate the permit; and (I) Other documents in the supporting files for the draft permit that were relied upon in the decision-making. (ii) The additional documents required under paragraph (f)(2)(i) of this section should be added to the record as soon as possible after their receipt or publication by the reviewing authority. The record must be complete on the date the final permit is issued. (iii) Material readily available or published materials that are generally available and that are included in the administrative record under the standards of paragraph (f)(2)(i) of this section need not be physically included in the same file as the rest of the record as long as it is specifically referred to in that file. (3) Can permit decisions be appealed? (i) Permit decisions may be appealed under the permit appeal procedures of 40 CFR 124.19, and the provisions of that section applicable to prevention of significant deterioration (PSD) permits shall apply to permit decisions under the FIP. A petition for review must be filed with the Clerk of the Environmental Appeals Board within 30 days after the reviewing authority serves notice of the issuance of a final permit decision under the plan, in accordance with 40 CFR 124.19. (ii) An appeal under paragraph (f)(3)(i) of this section is, under section 307(b) of the Act, a prerequisite to seeking judicial review of the final agency action. (4) Can my permit be reopened? The reviewing authority may reopen an existing, currently-in-effect permit for cause on its own initiative, such as if it contains a material mistake or fails to assure compliance with requirements in this section. However, except for those permit reopenings that do not increase the emission limitations in the permit, such as permit reopenings that correct typographical, calculation and other errors, all other permit reopenings shall be carried out after the opportunity for public notice and comment and in accordance with one or more of the public participation requirements under paragraph (e)(2) of this section. (5) Can my permit be rescinded? (i) Any permit issued under this section, or a prior version of this section, shall remain in effect until it is rescinded under this paragraph (f)(5). (ii) An owner or operator of a stationary source or modification who holds a permit issued under this section for the construction of a new source or modification that meets the requirement in paragraph (f)(5)(iii) of this section may request that the reviewing authority rescind the permit or a particular portion of the permit. (iii) The reviewing authority may grant an application for rescission if the application shows that the provisions of the plan would not apply to the source or modification. (iv) If the reviewing authority rescinds a permit under this paragraph (f), the public shall be given adequate notice of the rescission determination in accordance with paragraph (e)(2)(i)(B) of this section. (g) Administration and delegation of the Federal nonattainment major NSR plan in the MDAQMD--(1) Who administers the FIP in the MDAQMD? (i) The Administrator is the reviewing authority and will directly administer all aspects of the FIP in the MDAQMD under Federal authority. (ii) The Administrator may delegate Federal authority to administer specific portions of the FIP to the MDAQMD upon request, in accordance with the provisions of paragraph (g)(2) of this section. If the MDAQMD has been granted such delegation, it will be the reviewing authority for purposes of the provisions for which it has been granted delegation. (2) Delegation of administration of the FIP to the MDAQMD. This paragraph (g)(2) establishes the process by which the Administrator may delegate authority to the MDAQMD in accordance with the provisions in paragraphs (g)(2)(i) through (iv) of this section. Any Federal requirements under the plan that are administered by the delegate MDAQMD are enforceable by the EPA under Federal law. (i) Information to be included in the Administrative Delegation Request. To be delegated authority to administer the FIP or specific portions of it, the MDAQMD must submit a request to the Administrator. (ii) Delegation Agreement. A Delegation Agreement will set forth the terms and conditions of the delegation, will specify the provisions that the delegate MDAQMD will be authorized to implement on behalf of the EPA and will be entered into by the Administrator and the MDAQMD. The Agreement will become effective upon the date that both the Administrator and the MDAQMD have signed the Agreement or as otherwise stated in the Agreement. Once the delegation becomes effective, the MDAQMD will be responsible, to the extent specified in the Agreement, for administration of the provisions of the FIP that are subject to the Agreement. (iii) Publication of notice of the Agreement. The Administrator will publish a notice in the Federal Register informing the public of any Delegation Agreement. The Administrator also will [[Page 56250]] publish the notice in a newspaper of general circulation in the MDAQMD. In addition, the Administrator will mail a copy of the notice to persons on a mailing list developed by the Administrator consisting of those persons who have requested to be placed on such a mailing list. (iv) Revision or revocation of an Agreement. A Delegation Agreement may be modified, amended or revoked, in part or in whole, by the Administrator after consultation with the MDAQMD. [FR Doc. 2024-14695 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6560-50-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:57.952647

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15040

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Proposed Rules] [Page 56250] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15040] ======================================================================= ----------------------------------------------------------------------- FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION 47 CFR Part 73 [MB Docket No. 24-176; RM-11984; DA 24-562; FR ID 229917] Television Broadcasting Services Cape Girardeau, Missouri AGENCY: Federal Communications Commission. ACTION: Proposed rule. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The Video Division, Media Bureau (Bureau), has before it a petition for rulemaking filed June 7, 2024, by Gray Television Licensee, LLC (Gray), the licensee of KFVS-TV, channel 11, Cape Girardeau, Missouri (Station or KFVS-TV). Gray held a construction permit to construct a facility on channel 32 at Cape Girardeau. Gray now requests that the Bureau substitute channel 11 for channel 32 at Cape Girardeau in the Table of TV Allotments, with the technical parameters as set forth in KFVS-TV's current license. DATES: Comments must be filed on or before August 8, 2024 and reply comments on or before August 23, 2024. ADDRESSES: Federal Communications Commission, Office of the Secretary, 45 L Street NE, Washington, DC 20554. In addition to filing comments with the FCC, interested parties should serve counsel for the Petitioner as follows: Joan Stewart, Esq., Wiley Rein, LLP, 1776 K Street NW, Washington, DC 20006. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Joyce Bernstein, Video Division, Media Bureau, (202) 418-1647, at [email protected], or Mark Colombo, Video Division, Media Bureau, (202) 418-7611, at [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: On May 5, 2021, the Bureau granted a petition for rulemaking submitted by Gray to substitute channel 32 for channel 11 at Cape Girardeau for KFVS-TV. On June 23, 2021, Gray was granted a construction permit for its new channel, with an expiration date of June 23, 2024. In its Petition, Gray stated that it would be unable to complete construction of the channel 32 facility by the expiration date. Thus, Gray requests amendment of the Table of TV Allotments to allow it to continue to operate on channel 11. Gray proposes to specify the technical parameters of its currently licensed channel 11 facility. We believe that the Petitioner's channel substitution proposal for KFVS-TV warrants consideration. KFVS-TV is currently operating on channel 11 and the substitution of channel 11 for channel 32 in the Table of TV Allotments will allow the Station to remain on the air and continue to provide service to viewers within its service area. Given that Gray proposes to utilize its currently licensed parameters, we believe channel 11 can be substituted for channel 32 at Cape Girardeau as proposed, in compliance with the principal community coverage requirements of Sec. 73.618(a) of the Commission's rules (rules), at coordinates 37-25'-44.7'' N and 089-30'- 14.2'' W. In addition, we find that this channel change meets the technical requirements set forth in Sec. 73.622(a) of the rules. This is a synopsis of the Commission's Notice of Proposed Rulemaking, MB Docket No. 24-176; RM-11984; DA 24-562, adopted June 28, 2024, and released June 28, 2024. The full text of this document is available for download at https://www.fcc.gov/edocs. To request materials in accessible formats (braille, large print, computer diskettes, or audio recordings), please send an email to [email protected] or call the Consumer & Government Affairs Bureau at (202) 418-0530 (VOICE), (202) 418-0432 (TTY). This document does not contain information collection requirements subject to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, Public Law 104-13. In addition, therefore, it does not contain any proposed information collection burden ``for small business concerns with fewer than 25 employees,'' pursuant to the Small Business Paperwork Relief Act of 2002, Public Law 107-198, see 44 U.S.C. 3506(c)(4). Provisions of the Regulatory Flexibility Act of 1980, 5 U.S.C. 601-612, do not apply to this proceeding. Members of the public should note that all ex parte contacts are prohibited from the time a notice of proposed rulemaking is issued to the time the matter is no longer subject to Commission consideration or court review, see 47 CFR 1.1208. There are, however, exceptions to this prohibition, which can be found in Sec. 1.1204(a) of the Commission's rules, 47 CFR 1.1204(a). See Sec. Sec. 1.415 and 1.420 of the Commission's rules for information regarding the proper filing procedures for comments, 47 CFR 1.415 and 1.420. Providing Accountability Through Transparency Act: The Providing Accountability Through Transparency Act, Public Law 118-9, requires each agency, in providing notice of a rulemaking, to post online a brief plain-language summary of the proposed rule. The required summary of this notice of proposed rulemaking/further notice of proposed rulemaking is available at https://www.fcc.gov/proposed-rulemakings. List of Subjects in 47 CFR Part 73 Television. Federal Communications Commission. Thomas Horan, Chief of Staff, Media Bureau. Proposed Rule For the reasons discussed in the preamble, the Federal Communications Commission proposes to amend 47 CFR part 73 as follows: PART 73--RADIO BROADCAST SERVICE 0 1. The authority citation for part 73 continues to read as follows: Authority: 47 U.S.C. 154, 155, 301, 303, 307, 309, 310, 334, 336, 339. 0 2. In Sec. 73.622, amend the table in paragraph (j), under Missouri, by revising the entry for Cape Girardeau to read as follows: Sec. 73.622 Digital television table of allotments. * * * * * (j) * * * ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Community Channel No. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ * * * * * ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Missouri ------------------------------------------------------------------------ * * * * * Cape Girardeau.......................... 11, 36. * * * * * ------------------------------------------------------------------------ * * * * * [FR Doc. 2024-15040 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6712-01-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:57.979488

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14546

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Proposed Rules] [Pages 56251-56253] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14546] [[Page 56251]] ======================================================================= ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 49 CFR Part 572 [Docket No. NHTSA-2023-0031] RIN 2127-AM20 Anthropomorphic Test Devices; THOR 50th Percentile Adult Male Test Dummy; Incorporation by Reference AGENCY: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), Department of Transportation (DOT). ACTION: Supplemental notice of proposed rulemaking (SNPRM). ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: This document announces the availability of documents supplementing NHTSA's September 2023 notice of proposed rulemaking to amend NHTSA's regulations to include an advanced crash test dummy, the Test Device for Human Occupant Restraint 50th percentile adult male. DATES: The documents referenced in this notification will be available in the docket as of July 9, 2024.You should submit your comments early enough to be received not later than August 8, 2024. ADDRESSES: You may submit comments electronically to the docket identified in the heading of this document by visiting the Federal eRulemaking Portal at http://www.regulations.gov. Follow the online instructions for submitting comments. Alternatively, you can file comments using the following methods: Mail: Docket Management Facility: U.S. Department of Transportation, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, Washington, DC 20590-0001. Hand Delivery or Courier: West Building Ground Floor, Room W12-140, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m. ET, Monday through Friday, except Federal holidays. To be sure someone is there to help you, please call (202) 366-9826 before coming. Fax: (202) 493-2251. Instructions: All submissions must include the agency name and docket number or Regulatory Information Number (RIN) for this rulemaking. For detailed instructions on submitting comments and additional information on the rulemaking process, see the Public Participation heading of the Supplementary Information section of this document. Note that all comments received will be posted without change to http://www.regulations.gov, including any personal information provided. Please see the Privacy Act heading below. Docket: For access to the docket to read background documents or comments received, go to http://www.regulations.gov. You may also access the docket at 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, West Building, Room W12-140, Washington, DC 20590, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, except Federal Holidays. Telephone: (202) 366-9826. Confidential Business Information: If you claim that any of the information in your comment (including any additional documents or attachments) constitutes confidential business information within the meaning of 5 U.S.C. 552(b)(4) or is protected from disclosure pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1905, please see the detailed instructions given under the Public Participation heading of the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section of this document. Privacy Act: In accordance with 5 U.S.C. 553(c), DOT solicits comments from the public to better inform its rulemaking process. DOT posts these comments, without edit, to www.regulations.gov, as described in the system of records notice, DOT/ALL-14 FDMS, accessible through www.dot.gov/privacy. To facilitate comment tracking and response, we encourage commenters to provide their name, or the name of their organization; however, submission of names is completely optional. Anyone is able to search the electronic form of all comments received into any of our dockets by the name of the individual submitting the comment (or signing the comment, if submitted on behalf of an association, business, labor union, etc.). You may review DOT's complete Privacy Act Statement in the Federal Register published on April 11, 2000 (Volume 65, Number 70; Pages 19477-78). FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For non-legal issues, you may contact Mr. Garry Brock, Office of Crashworthiness Standards, Telephone: (202) 366-1740; Email: [email protected]; Facsimile: (202) 493-2739. For legal issues, you may contact Mr. John Piazza, Office of Chief Counsel, Telephone: (202) 366-2992; Email: [email protected]; Facsimile: (202) 366-3820. The address of these officials is: the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 1200 New Jersey Avenue SE, Washington, DC, 20590. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: On September 7, 2023, NHTSA published a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) to amend NHTSA's regulations to include an advanced crash test dummy, the Test Device for Human Occupant Restraint (THOR) 50th percentile adult male (THOR-50M). The dummy represents an adult male of roughly average height and weight and is designed for use in frontal crash tests. The documentation for the dummy, including detailed design information, engineering drawings, qualification tests, and procedures for assembly and inspection, would be incorporated by reference in 49 CFR part 572, Anthropomorphic Test Devices. This document notices the availability of additional research reports and a memorandum of understanding that are being placed in the research and rulemaking dockets, respectively. These documents are briefly described below. Research Reports The NPRM referenced a variety of research NHTSA had conducted to support the development of the THOR-50M dummy. Most of this research was published or made available in the research docket before the NPRM was published. However, the NPRM noted that research in several areas was ongoing and that additional research reports would be docketed after the NPRM was published. That research has been completed and NHTSA is now docketing the associated research reports. As we did for other research reports and documentation referenced in the NPRM, these reports are being placed in the research docket, Docket No. NHTSA-2019-0106, and not the docket for this rulemaking.\1\ Nevertheless, NHTSA intends these documents to be included as part of the rulemaking record for this rulemaking action. The following documents are being docketed: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ As we explained in the NPRM, NHTSA did not place the dummy documentation and related research reports in the docket for this rulemaking action to avoid potential confusion from having identical documents docketed at different times in different dockets. A memorandum explaining this determination was docketed along with the NPRM. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- ``Comparison of the THOR-50M IR-TRACC Measurement Device to an Alternative S-Track Measurement Device'' ``Analysis of THOR-50M Alternate Configurations in Gold Standard Sled Testing'' ``Development of an Alternative Shoulder for the THOR- 50M'' ``THOR-50M In-dummy Data Acquisition System Evaluation'' Memorandum of Understanding Regarding Intellectual Property of Humanetics NHTSA is also placing in the rulemaking docket a memorandum of [[Page 56252]] understanding between NHTSA and Humanetics concerning the use of Humanetics proprietary information in NHTSA rulemaking activities. Humanetics is a global industrial technology group (including Human Solutions, Avalution, mg-sensors, ADT-LabTech, Fibercore, HITEC Sensor Development, and OpTek Systems) that, among other things, develops and manufacturers crash test dummies and components used in those dummies. As NHTSA explained in the NPRM, portions of the shoulder assembly specified in the 2018 drawing package (referred to as the SD-3 shoulder) are covered by a patent issued to Humanetics. NHTSA has generally avoided specifying in part 572 patented components or copyrighted designs without either securing agreement from the rights- holder for the free use of (or reasonable license to) the item or developing an alternative unencumbered by any rights claims. In the NPRM, NHTSA explained the reasons for taking this position. Among other things, proprietary components may be modified by the proprietary source such that the original is no longer available, and the new part no longer fits. The proprietary source also may alter the part in ways that change the response of the dummy, such that dummies with the newer part do not provide the same response as dummies with the older part.\2\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\ See Section VIII of the NPRM. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NHTSA therefore designed, built, and tested an alternative design for a part of the shoulder assembly referred to as the shoulder pivot assembly that is not subject to any intellectual property claims. The proposed drawing package (the 2023 drawing package) included specifications for the SD-3 shoulder pivot assembly as well as the alternate shoulder pivot assembly so that NHTSA could use either one. In the NPRM, NHTSA specifically solicited comment on whether the final drawing package should include the SD-3 shoulder, the alternate shoulder, or both. After the NPRM was published, NHTSA staff discussed with Humanetics the disposition of its intellectual property claims on various anthropomorphic test devices, including the THOR-50M.\3\ Humanetics' designs and drawings may include information that is subject to patent rights and/or copyrights. Based on these discussions, NHTSA and Humanetics reached the following understanding with respect to Humanetics proprietary information used either in an NPRM or final rule. (Below we briefly summarize this understanding; the full terms can be found in the Memorandum of Understanding.) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \3\ These discussions were a continuation of discussions NHTSA and Humanetics have had over the past several years regarding the use of its proprietary information in NHTSA rulemaking activities. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Under the Memorandum of Understanding, for proprietary information used as part of a NHTSA proposed rulemaking under part 572, NHTSA may use such information as long as the information includes language notifying the public that the design and/or drawings are property of Humanetics and are being provided by Humanetics to support evaluation and comment related to NHTSA's rulemaking process. Under the proposed rulemaking, design drawings may not be copied or used for any other purposes without the written consent of Humanetics and no license would be granted to any patented designs. Under the Memorandum of Understanding, for proprietary information used in a final rule issued under part 572, no restrictions will apply to copyrighted design and drawings upon the effective date of the final rule, and all restrictive notices used in a proposal document will be removed in the final rule. Similarly, no restrictions will apply to the patented design upon the effective date of the final rule if the final rule does not specify the use of another design as an alternative to the patented design. Specifically, Humanetics will provide to NHTSA for each applicable patent either a notice of abandonment of that patent to the United States Patent and Trademark Office or a letter stating that that patent will not be enforced against any third-party use. Likewise, if no alternative design is specified, all restrictive notices used in the proposal document associated with the use of the patented design will be removed as part of the publication of the final rule. In that circumstance, Humanetics will provide NHTSA a notice confirming that no restrictions on patented designs will apply. Based on the comments received to date, NHTSA notes a general preference for a single open-source shoulder design over a single proprietary shoulder or alternative designs. In line with these comments, and subject to the understanding reached with Humanetics, NHTSA has tentatively concluded that it would be preferable if the final rule specifies only the SD-3 shoulder. In addition, specifying only one shoulder design will help make the dummy responses more uniform. NHTSA seeks comment on this tentative conclusion. How do I prepare and submit comments? Your comments must be written and in English. To ensure that your comments are correctly filed in the Docket, please include the agency name and the docket number or RIN in your comments. Your comments must not be more than 15 pages long. (49 CFR 553.21). We established this limit to encourage you to write your primary comments in a concise fashion. However, you may attach necessary additional documents to your comments. There is no limit on the length of the attachments. If you are submitting comments electronically as a PDF (Adobe) file, NHTSA asks that the documents be submitted using the Optical Character Recognition process, thus allowing NHTSA to search and copy certain portions of your submissions. Please note that pursuant to the Data Quality Act, for substantive data to be relied upon and used by the agency, it must meet the information quality standards set forth in the OMB and DOT Data Quality Act guidelines. Accordingly, we encourage you to consult the guidelines in preparing your comments. OMB's guidelines may be accessed at https://www.transportation.gov/regulations/dot-information-dissemination-quality-guidelines. How can I be sure that my comments were received? If you wish the Docket to notify you upon its receipt of your comments, enclose a self-addressed, stamped postcard in the envelope containing your comments. Upon receiving your comments, the Docket will return the postcard by mail. How do I submit confidential business information? You should submit a redacted ``public version'' of your comment (including redacted versions of any additional documents or attachments) to the docket using any of the methods identified under ADDRESSES. This ``public version'' of your comment should contain only the portions for which no claim of confidential treatment is made and from which those portions for which confidential treatment is claimed have been redacted. See below for further instructions on how to do this. You also need to submit a request for confidential treatment directly to the Office of Chief Counsel. Requests for confidential treatment are governed by 49 CFR part 512. Your request must set forth the information specified in part [[Page 56253]] 512. This includes the materials for which confidentiality is being requested (as explained in more detail below); supporting information, pursuant to part 512.8; and a certificate, pursuant to part 512.4(b) and part 512, appendix A. You are required to submit to the Office of Chief Counsel one unredacted ``confidential version'' of the information for which you are seeking confidential treatment. Pursuant to part 512.6, the words ``ENTIRE PAGE CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION'' or ``CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS INFORMATION CONTAINED WITHIN BRACKETS'' (as applicable) must appear at the top of each page containing information claimed to be confidential. In the latter situation, where not all information on the page is claimed to be confidential, identify each item of information for which confidentiality is requested within brackets: ``[ ].'' You are also required to submit to the Office of Chief Counsel one redacted ``public version'' of the information for which you are seeking confidential treatment. Pursuant to part 512.5(a)(2), the redacted ``public version'' should include redactions of any information for which you are seeking confidential treatment (i.e., the only information that should be unredacted is information for which you are not seeking confidential treatment). NHTSA is currently treating electronic submission as an acceptable method for submitting confidential business information to the agency under part 512. Please do not send a hardcopy of a request for confidential treatment to NHTSA's headquarters. The request should be sent to Dan Rabinovitz in the Office of the Chief Counsel at [email protected]. You may either submit your request via email or request a secure file transfer link. If you are submitting the request via email, please also email a courtesy copy of the request to John Piazza at [email protected]. Will the Agency consider late comments? We will consider all comments received before the close of business on the comment closing date indicated above under DATES. To the extent possible, we will also consider comments that the docket receives after that date. If the docket receives a comment too late for us to consider in developing a final rule (assuming that one is issued), we will consider that comment as an informal suggestion for future rulemaking action. How can I read the comments submitted by other people? You may read the comments received by the docket at the address given above under ADDRESSES. The hours of the docket are indicated above in the same location. You may also see the comments on the internet. To read the comments on the internet, go to http://www.regulations.gov. Follow the online instructions for accessing the dockets. Please note that even after the comment closing date, we will continue to file relevant information in the docket as it becomes available. Further, some people may submit late comments. Accordingly, we recommend that you periodically check the Docket for new material. You can arrange with the docket to be notified when others file comments in the docket. See www.regulations.gov for more information. Issued under authority delegated in 49 CFR 1.95 and 501.5. Sophie Shulman, Deputy Administrator. [FR Doc. 2024-14546 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4910-59-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:57.994875

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14320

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Proposed Rules] [Pages 56253-56275] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14320] ======================================================================= ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Fish and Wildlife Service 50 CFR Part 17 [Docket No. FWS-R4-ES-2023-0224; FXES1111090FEDR-245-FF09E21000] RIN 1018-BE32 Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Designation of Critical Habitat for Barrens Topminnow AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife Service, Interior. ACTION: Proposed rule. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: We, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service), propose to designate critical habitat for the Barrens topminnow (Fundulus julisia) under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (Act). In total, approximately 1.5 acres (0.6 hectares) of spring pool and 11.4 miles (18.3 kilometers) of spring run in Cannon, Coffee, Dekalb, Franklin, Grundy, and Warren Counties, Tennessee, fall within the boundaries of the proposed critical habitat designation. We also announce the availability of an economic analysis of the proposed designation of critical habitat for the Barrens topminnow. DATES: We will accept comments received or postmarked on or before September 9, 2024. Comments submitted electronically using the Federal eRulemaking Portal (see ADDRESSES, below) must be received by 11:59 p.m. eastern time on the closing date. We must receive requests for a public hearing, in writing, at the address shown in FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT by August 23, 2024. ADDRESSES: Written comments: You may submit comments by one of the following methods: (1) Electronically: Go to the Federal eRulemaking Portal: https://www.regulations.gov. In the Search box, enter FWS-R4-ES-2023-0224, which is the docket number for this rulemaking. Then, click on the Search button. On the resulting page, in the panel on the left side of the screen, under the Document Type heading, click on the Proposed Rule box to locate this document. You may submit a comment by clicking on ``Comment.'' (2) By hard copy: Submit by U.S. mail to: Public Comments Processing, Attn: FWS-R4-ES-2023-0224, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, MS: PRB/3W, 5275 Leesburg Pike, Falls Church, VA 22041-3803. We request that you send comments only by the methods described above. We will post all comments on https://www.regulations.gov. This generally means that we will post any personal information you provide us (see Information Requested, below, for more information). Availability of supporting materials: For the critical habitat designation, the coordinates or plot points or both from which the maps are generated are included in the decision file for this critical habitat designation and are available at https://www.fws.gov/office/tennessee-ecological-services and at https://www.regulations.gov under Docket No. FWS-R4-ES-2023-0224. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Daniel Elbert, Field Supervisor, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Tennessee Ecological Services Office, 446 Neal Street, Cookeville, TN 38501; telephone 931-528-6481. Individuals in the United States who are deaf, deafblind, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability may dial 711 (TTY, TDD, or TeleBraille) to access telecommunications relay services. Individuals outside the United States should use the relay services offered within their country to make international calls to the point-of-contact in the United States. Please see Docket No. FWS-R4-ES-2023-0224 on https://www.regulations.gov for a document that summarizes this proposed rule. [[Page 56254]] SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Executive Summary Why we need to publish a rule. To the maximum extent prudent and determinable, we must designate critical habitat for any species that we determine to be an endangered or threatened species under the Act. Designation of critical habitat can only be completed by issuing a rule through the Administrative Procedure Act rulemaking process (5 U.S.C. 551 et seq.). What this document does. We propose the designation of critical habitat for the Barrens topminnow. The Barrens topminnow was listed as an endangered species under the Act on November 20, 2019 (see 84 FR 56131; October 21, 2019). The basis for our action. Under section 4(a)(3) of the Act, if we determine that a species is an endangered or threatened species we must, to the maximum extent prudent and determinable, designate critical habitat. Section 3(5)(A) of the Act defines critical habitat as (i) the specific areas within the geographical area occupied by the species, at the time it is listed, on which are found those physical or biological features (I) essential to the conservation of the species and (II) which may require special management considerations or protections; and (ii) specific areas outside the geographical area occupied by the species at the time it is listed, upon a determination by the Secretary of the Interior (Secretary) that such areas are essential for the conservation of the species. Section 4(b)(2) of the Act states that the Secretary must make the designation on the basis of the best scientific data available and after taking into consideration the economic impact, the impact on national security, and any other relevant impacts of specifying any particular area as critical habitat. Section 4(a)(3) of the Act and implementing regulations (50 CFR 424.12) require that we designate critical habitat at the time a species is determined to be an endangered or threatened species, to the maximum extent prudent and determinable. On January 4, 2018, the Service published a proposed rule to list the Barrens topminnow as an endangered species under the Act (83 FR 490). At the time of the proposed listing rule, the Service found that critical habitat was prudent but could not be determined until a careful assessment of the economic impacts that may occur due to a critical habitat designation was completed. The final listing rule (84 FR 56131; October 21, 2019) affirmed that the designation of critical habitat was prudent but not determinable because specific information needed to analyze the impacts of designation was lacking. In accordance with section 4(b)(2) of the Act and our implementing regulations at 50 CFR 424.19, we prepared an analysis of the economic impacts of the proposed critical habitat designation. In this proposed rule, we announce the availability of the draft economic analysis for public review and comment. Peer Review In accordance with our joint policy on peer review published in the Federal Register on July 1, 1994 (59 FR 34270) and our August 22, 2016, memorandum updating and clarifying the role of peer review of listing actions under the Act, we sought the expert opinions of appropriate specialists regarding our 2017 species status assessment (SSA) report (Service 2017, entire), which informed this proposed rule. In addition to the peer review conducted on the 2017 SSA report, we are seeking comments from independent specialists during the public comment period on this proposed rule (see DATES, above). The purpose of peer review is to ensure that our designation is based on scientifically sound data, assumptions, and analyses. The peer reviewers have expertise in fish biology, habitat, and stressors or factors negatively affecting the species. Information Requested We intend that any final action resulting from this proposed rule will be based on the best scientific data available and be as accurate and as effective as possible. Therefore, we request comments or information from other governmental agencies, Native American Tribes, the scientific community, industry, or any other interested parties concerning this proposed rule. We particularly seek comments concerning: (1) Historical and current range, including distribution patterns and the locations of any additional populations of Barrens topminnow. (2) Specific information on: (a) The amount and distribution of Barrens topminnow habitat; (b) Any additional areas occurring within the range of the species, i.e., Cannon, Coffee, Dekalb, Franklin, Grundy, and Warren Counties, Tennessee, that should be included in the designation because they (i) are occupied at the time of listing and contain the physical or biological features that are essential to the conservation of the species and that may require special management considerations or protection, or (ii) are unoccupied at the time of listing and are essential for the conservation of the species; (c) Special management considerations or protection that may be needed in critical habitat areas we are proposing, including managing for the potential effects of climate change; and (d) Whether areas not occupied at the time of listing qualify as habitat for the species and are essential for the conservation of the species. (3) Land use designations and current or planned activities in the subject areas and their possible impacts on proposed critical habitat. (4) Any probable economic, national security, or other relevant impacts of designating any area that may be included in the final designation, and the related benefits of including or excluding specific areas. (5) Information on the extent to which the description of probable economic impacts in the draft economic analysis is a reasonable estimate of the likely economic impacts. (6) Whether any specific areas we are proposing for critical habitat designation should be considered for exclusion under section 4(b)(2) of the Act, and whether the benefits of potentially excluding any specific area outweigh the benefits of including that area under section 4(b)(2) of the Act. Please see Consideration of Other Relevant Impacts, below, for information on areas for which the Service's Partners for Fish and Wildlife is developing conservation agreements; if you think we should exclude any of these areas, or any other areas, from the designation of critical habitat for the Barrens topminnow, please provide information supporting a benefit of exclusion. (7) Whether we could improve or modify our approach to designating critical habitat in any way to provide for greater public participation and understanding, or to better accommodate public concerns and comments. Please include sufficient information with your submission (such as scientific journal articles or other publications) to allow us to verify any scientific or commercial information you include. Please note that submissions merely stating support for, or opposition to, the action under consideration without providing supporting information, although noted, do not provide substantial information necessary to support a determination. Section 4(b)(2) of the Act directs that the Secretary [[Page 56255]] shall designate critical habitat on the basis of the best scientific data available. You may submit your comments and materials concerning this proposed rule by one of the methods listed in ADDRESSES. We request that you send comments only by the methods described in ADDRESSES. If you submit information via https://www.regulations.gov, your entire submission--including any personal identifying information--will be posted on the website. If your submission is made via a hardcopy that includes personal identifying information, you may request at the top of your document that we withhold this information from public review. However, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to do so. We will post all hardcopy submissions on https://www.regulations.gov. Comments and materials we receive, as well as supporting documentation we used in preparing this proposed rule, will be available for public inspection on https://www.regulations.gov. Our final critical habitat designation may differ from this proposal because we will consider all comments we receive during the comment period as well as any information that may become available after this proposal. Our final designation may not include all areas proposed if we determine they do not meet the definition of critical habitat, may include some additional areas that meet the definition of critical habitat, or may exclude some areas if we find the benefits of exclusion outweigh the benefits of inclusion and exclusion will not result in the extinction of the species. In our final rule, we will clearly explain our rationale and the basis for our final decision, including why we made changes, if any, that differ from this proposal. Public Hearing Section 4(b)(5) of the Act provides for a public hearing on this proposal, if requested. Requests must be received by the date specified in DATES. Such requests must be sent to the address shown in FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT. We will schedule a public hearing on this proposal, if requested, and announce the date, time, and place of the hearing, as well as how to obtain reasonable accommodations, in the Federal Register and local newspapers at least 15 days before the hearing. We may hold the public hearing in person or virtually via webinar. We will announce any public hearing on our website, in addition to the Federal Register. The use of virtual public hearings is consistent with our regulations at 50 CFR 424.16(c)(3). Previous Federal Actions On January 4, 2018, we published a proposed rule in the Federal Register (83 FR 490) to list the Barrens topminnow as an endangered species under the Act. At the time of our proposal, we determined that designation of critical habitat was prudent but not determinable because specific information needed to analyze the impacts of designation was lacking. We published the final listing rule on October 21, 2019 (84 FR 56131). Please refer to the proposed and final listing rules (83 FR 490, January 4, 2018; 84 FR 56131, October 21, 2019) for a detailed description of previous Federal actions concerning this freshwater fish species. Background Critical Habitat Critical habitat is defined in section 3 of the Act as: (1) The specific areas within the geographical area occupied by the species, at the time it is listed in accordance with the Act, on which are found those physical or biological features (a) Essential to the conservation of the species, and (b) Which may require special management considerations or protection; and (2) Specific areas outside the geographical area occupied by the species at the time it is listed, upon a determination that such areas are essential for the conservation of the species. Our regulations at 50 CFR 424.02 define the geographical area occupied by the species as an area that may generally be delineated around species' occurrences, as determined by the Secretary (i.e., range). Such areas may include those areas used throughout all or part of the species' life cycle, even if not used on a regular basis (e.g., migratory corridors, seasonal habitats, and habitats used periodically, but not solely by vagrant individuals). Conservation, as defined under section 3 of the Act, means to use and the use of all methods and procedures that are necessary to bring an endangered or threatened species to the point at which the measures provided pursuant to the Act are no longer necessary. Such methods and procedures include, but are not limited to, all activities associated with scientific resources management such as research, census, law enforcement, habitat acquisition and maintenance, propagation, live trapping, and transplantation, and, in the extraordinary case where population pressures within a given ecosystem cannot be otherwise relieved, may include regulated taking. Critical habitat receives protection under section 7 of the Act through the requirement that Federal agencies ensure, in consultation with the Service, that any action they authorize, fund, or carry out is not likely to result in the destruction or adverse modification of critical habitat. The designation of critical habitat does not affect land ownership or establish a refuge, wilderness, reserve, preserve, or other conservation area. Such designation does not allow the government or public to access private lands. Such designation does not require implementation of restoration, recovery, or enhancement measures by non-Federal landowners. Rather, designation requires that, where a landowner requests Federal agency funding or authorization for an action that may affect an area designated as critical habitat, the Federal agency consult with the Service under section 7(a)(2) of the Act. If the action may affect the listed species itself (such as for occupied critical habitat), the Federal agency would have already been required to consult with the Service even absent the designation because of the requirement to ensure that the action is not likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the species. Even if the Service were to conclude after consultation that the proposed activity is likely to result in destruction or adverse modification of the critical habitat, the Federal action agency and the landowner are not required to abandon the proposed activity, or to restore or recover the species; instead, they must implement ``reasonable and prudent alternatives'' to avoid destruction or adverse modification of critical habitat. Under the first prong of the Act's definition of critical habitat, areas within the geographical area occupied by the species at the time it was listed are included in a critical habitat designation if they contain physical or biological features (1) which are essential to the conservation of the species and (2) which may require special management considerations or protection. For these areas, critical habitat designations identify, to the extent known using the best scientific data available, those physical or biological features that are essential to the conservation of the species (such as space, food, cover, and protected habitat). Under the second prong of the Act's definition of critical habitat, we can designate critical habitat in areas outside the geographical area occupied [[Page 56256]] by the species at the time it is listed, upon a determination that such areas are essential for the conservation of the species. Section 4 of the Act requires that we designate critical habitat on the basis of the best scientific data available. Further, our Policy on Information Standards under the Endangered Species Act (published in the Federal Register on July 1, 1994 (59 FR 34271)), the Information Quality Act (section 515 of the Treasury and General Government Appropriations Act for Fiscal Year 2001 (Pub. L. 106-554; H.R. 5658)), and our associated Information Quality Guidelines provide criteria, establish procedures, and provide guidance to ensure that our decisions are based on the best scientific data available. They require our biologists, to the extent consistent with the Act and with the use of the best scientific data available, to use primary and original sources of information as the basis for recommendations to designate critical habitat. When we are determining which areas should be designated as critical habitat, our primary source of information is generally the information from the SSA report and information developed during the listing process for the species. Additional information sources may include any generalized conservation strategy, criteria, or outline that may have been developed for the species; the recovery plan for the species; articles in peer-reviewed journals; conservation plans developed by States and counties; scientific status surveys and studies; biological assessments; other unpublished materials; or experts' opinions or personal knowledge. Habitat is dynamic, and species may move from one area to another over time. We recognize that critical habitat designated at a particular point in time may not include all of the habitat areas that we may later determine are necessary for the recovery of the species. For these reasons, a critical habitat designation does not signal that habitat outside the designated area is unimportant or may not be needed for recovery of the species. Areas that are important to the conservation of the species, both inside and outside the critical habitat designation, will continue to be subject to: (1) Conservation actions implemented under section 7(a)(1) of the Act; (2) regulatory protections afforded by the requirement in section 7(a)(2) of the Act for Federal agencies to ensure their actions are not likely to jeopardize the continued existence of any endangered or threatened species; and (3) the prohibitions found in section 9 of the Act. Federally funded or permitted projects affecting listed species outside their designated critical habitat areas may still result in jeopardy findings in some cases. These protections and conservation tools will continue to contribute to recovery of the species. Similarly, critical habitat designations made on the basis of the best available information at the time of designation will not control the direction and substance of future recovery plans, habitat conservation plans (HCPs), or other species conservation planning efforts if new information available at the time of those planning efforts calls for a different outcome. Physical or Biological Features Essential to the Conservation of the Species In accordance with section 3(5)(A)(i) of the Act and regulations at 50 CFR 424.12(b), in determining which areas we will designate as critical habitat from within the geographical area occupied by the species at the time of listing, we consider the physical or biological features that are essential to the conservation of the species and which may require special management considerations or protection. The regulations at 50 CFR 424.02 define ``physical or biological features essential to the conservation of the species'' as the features that occur in specific areas and that are essential to support the life- history needs of the species, including, but not limited to, water characteristics, soil type, geological features, sites, prey, vegetation, symbiotic species, or other features. A feature may be a single habitat characteristic or a more complex combination of habitat characteristics. Features may include habitat characteristics that support ephemeral or dynamic habitat conditions. Features may also be expressed in terms relating to principles of conservation biology, such as patch size, distribution distances, and connectivity. For example, physical features essential to the conservation of the species might include gravel of a particular size required for spawning, alkaline soil for seed germination, protective cover for migration, or susceptibility to flooding or fire that maintains necessary early- successional habitat characteristics. Biological features might include prey species, forage grasses, specific kinds or ages of trees for roosting or nesting, symbiotic fungi, or absence of a particular level of nonnative species consistent with conservation needs of the listed species. The features may also be combinations of habitat characteristics and may encompass the relationship between characteristics or the necessary amount of a characteristic essential to support the life history of the species. In considering whether features are essential to the conservation of the species, we may consider an appropriate quality, quantity, and spatial and temporal arrangement of habitat characteristics in the context of the life-history needs, condition, and status of the species. These characteristics include, but are not limited to, space for individual and population growth and for normal behavior; food, water, air, light, minerals, or other nutritional or physiological requirements; cover or shelter; sites for breeding, reproduction, or rearing (or development) of offspring; and habitats that are protected from disturbance. Summary of Essential Physical or Biological Features We derive the specific physical or biological features essential to the conservation of Barrens topminnow from studies of this species' habitat, ecology, and life history as described in the SSA report (Service 2017, entire); January 4, 2018, proposed listing rule (83 FR 490); and October 21, 2019, final listing rule (84 FR 56131). As described in the SSA report and listing rules, Barrens topminnows spawn in filamentous algae near the water surface, between April and August, with peak activity occurring from May to June. While the maximum age of the Barrens topminnow is 4 years, adults typically live for 2 years or less, and only about one-third of individuals spawn more than one season (Rakes 1989, p. 42; Etnier and Starnes 1993, p. 366). Prey items consumed by Barrens topminnows consist predominantly of microcrustaceans and immature aquatic insect larvae. However, the species is a generalist feeder, also consuming small snails and terrestrial organisms such as ants and other insects that fall or wander into aquatic habitats (Rakes 1989, pp. 18-25). Barrens topminnow habitat is restricted to springhead pools and slow-flowing areas of spring runs on the Barrens Plateau in middle Tennessee. This species is known to have occurred historically at 18 sites, but likely occurred at more sites that were not surveyed prior to topminnow extirpation. These fish are strongly associated with abundant native aquatic vegetation, which they use for cover and as spawning substrate (Service 2017, pp. 7-9). Spawning occurs primarily over clumps of filamentous algae (Cladophora and Pithophora species). Recently deposited eggs are nearly [[Page 56257]] colorless and well camouflaged among the many air bubbles generated during photosynthesis and trapped in the algae (Rakes 1989, pp. 29-30). In addition to clumps of algae, plants used by Barrens topminnows for cover include watercress (Nasturtium officinale), rushes (Juncus), pondweed (Potamogeton), and eelgrass (Valisneria) (Service 2017, p. 7). Barrens topminnows have only been found in streams where the predominant source of base flow is groundwater. Due to the groundwater influence of these habitats, temperatures are relatively stable, ranging from 15 to 25 degrees Celsius ([deg]C) (59 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit ([deg]F)) (Service, p. 7). Barrens topminnows only occur in and are adapted to surface streams predominantly fed by adjacent groundwater sources and typically are clear during baseflow. In unaltered landscapes, turbidity increases in these streams are temporary, resulting from inputs of sediments and nutrients in runoff following precipitation events. Because Barrens topminnows are adapted to clear groundwater-fed streams, use visual cues such as sunlight and male coloration (Rakes 1989, p. 35) for spawning, and rely in part on eyesight to chase prey (Rakes 1989, p. 18), long periods of elevated turbidity may negatively impact populations. The primary habitat elements that influence resiliency of the Barrens topminnow include water quality, water persistence, and submerged or overhanging plant cover. We have determined that the following physical or biological features are essential to the conservation of the Barrens topminnow: (1) Groundwater-fed, first or second order streams and springs that persist annually; (2) Water temperature ranging from 15 to 25 [deg]C (59 to 77 [deg]F); (3) Water during base flow with limited turbidity that is sufficiently clear for individuals to see spawning and feeding cues; (4) Submerged native aquatic plants, such as Cladophora and Pithophora species, watercress (Nasturtium officinale), rushes (Juncus spp.), pondweed (Potamogeton spp.), and eelgrass (Vallisneria spp.), or overhanging terrestrial plants and submerged plant roots, to provide cover and surfaces for spawning; and (5) A prey base of microcrustaceans and small aquatic insects such as chironomids (midges). Special Management Considerations When designating critical habitat, we assess whether the specific areas within the geographical area occupied by the species at the time of listing contain features which are essential to the conservation of the species and which may require special management considerations or protection. The features essential to the conservation of the Barrens topminnow may require special management considerations or protection to reduce the following threats: (1) Landscape conversion, including (but not limited to) urban, commercial, and agricultural use, and infrastructure (roads, bridges, utilities); (2) urban and agricultural water uses (water supply reservoirs, wastewater treatment, etc.); (3) significant alteration of water quality; (4) impacts from invasive species; and (5) changes and shifts in seasonal precipitation patterns as a result of climate change. Management activities that could help ameliorate these threats include, but are not limited to, the following: (1) Use of best management practices to limit or reduce sedimentation (suspended sediment influxes), such as those provided in the Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation (TDEC) Erosion and Sediment Control Handbook (TDEC 2012, entire); (2) retention of natural barriers, and maintenance or construction of barriers that isolate Barrens topminnows from invasive mosquitofish; and (3) installation of wells to provide a groundwater source of surface water at drought-sensitive sites. Criteria Used To Identify Critical Habitat As required by section 4(b)(2) of the Act, we use the best scientific data available to designate critical habitat. In accordance with the Act and our implementing regulations at 50 CFR 424.12(b), we review available information pertaining to the habitat requirements of the species and identify specific areas within the geographical area occupied by the species at the time of listing and any specific areas outside the geographical area occupied by the species to be considered for designation as critical habitat. We are proposing to designate critical habitat in areas within the geographical area occupied by the species at the time of listing. We also are proposing to designate one specific area outside the geographical area occupied by the species because we have determined that the area are is essential for the conservation of the species (see Areas Outside the Geographic Area Occupied at the Time of Listing, below). The Barrens topminnow has a naturally limited range, and its current distribution is much reduced from its historical distribution. Meeting the conservation and recovery needs of the species will require continued protection of existing populations and habitat, as well as management to ensure there are adequate numbers of individuals in stable populations at sites in native watersheds where mosquitofish are, or can be, excluded. This approach will reduce the likelihood that catastrophic events, such as extreme droughts or introduction/invasion of mosquitofish at an occupied site, do not simultaneously affect all known populations to the same extent. In addition, rangewide recovery considerations, such as maintaining existing genetic diversity and striving for representation of all major portions of the species' current range, were considered in formulating this proposed critical habitat designation. Areas Occupied at the Time of Listing We identified all spring pools (pond-like, with little or no flow) and spring runs (groundwater-fed, flowing surface water) that supported populations of the Barrens topminnow at the time of listing. Rangewide sampling undertaken at 37 spring sites since 2013 (Tennessee Aquarium Conservation Institute (TNACI) 2014, p. 11; TNACI 2017, p. 3) verified the current occurrence of Barrens topminnow at six sites (Service 2017, p. 12): Benedict Spring, Big Spring (Merkle), McMahan Creek, Marcum Spring, Short Spring, and Greenbrook Pond. The species has been shown in intermittent surveys over several decades to persist at these sites. In 2023, a population of Barrens topminnow was discovered in Pepper Hollow Branch, Grundy County, Tennessee. At the time of listing in 2019, Barrens topminnows were not known to occupy Pepper Hollow Branch. This stream is at the eastern edge of the Barrens Plateau and has not been well surveyed. Given this stream's proximity to the previously known range of the Barrens topminnow and, until recently, scarcity of reported fish surveys, it is very likely the newly discovered population is native and was not introduced after the time of listing. As such, there is little uncertainty that Barrens topminnows were present in Pepper Hollow Branch at the time of listing, and we include the stream in our proposed critical habitat designation. Mosquitofish are not present in Pepper Hollow Branch, although no barriers to potential mosquitofish incursions have been observed. This area also increases the species' viability, which is essential for the conservation of the Barrens topminnow. All five physical or biological features essential to the conservation of the species are present in Pepper Hollow Branch. [[Page 56258]] One occupied site, Greenbrook Pond, contains an introduced population (present at the time of listing) outside the historical range of the species, but within the middle portion of the Caney Fork River watershed, the upper portions of which are in the species' historical range. All sites occupied at the time of listing (Benedict Spring, Big Spring (Merkle), McMahan Creek, Marcum Spring, Short Spring, Greenbrook Pond, and Pepper Hollow Branch) currently have all five essential physical or biological features for Barrens topminnow populations. Importantly, all occupied sites except Big Spring (Merkle) are currently free of mosquitofish, and five of the six sites without mosquitofish have a barrier to mosquitofish invasion. Barrens topminnows were thought to be potentially extirpated from Big Spring (Merkle) but were re-documented at this site on February 16, 2018 (captured and released on February 15, 2018) (Neely 2018, pers. comm.). Although Big Spring (Merkle) is not free of mosquitofish and lacks a barrier to further mosquitofish invasion, topminnows in the spring appear to outnumber mosquitofish. Areas Outside the Geographic Area Occupied at the Time of Listing We are proposing to designate one area outside the geographical area occupied at the time of listing by the species, Vervilla Spring because the area is essential for the conservation of the Barrens topminnow. Although it is not currently occupied, Vervilla Spring is within the Caney Fork River watershed where native populations of the Barrens topminnow occur. Vervilla Spring is on the Tennessee National Wildlife Refuge and sustained a population of introduced Caney Fork watershed Barrens topminnows from 2001 until 2011. However, the population succumbed to mosquitofish that, during a flood, circumvented a constructed barrier. It is feasible to remove all mosquitofish and rebuild the barrier so that it is more robust. With a strong barrier to mosquitofish in place, restocking can occur, establishing a new population. Reestablishing the population would increase Barrens topminnow redundancy, resiliency, and viability, promoting conservation and increasing the likelihood species recovery. Without the habitat provided by the unoccupied area, species recovery and conservation are less likely to be attained. All five physical or biological features essential to Barrens topminnow conservation are present in Vervilla Spring, which is habitat for the species because it provides adequate cover from predation, food resources, substrate (aquatic vegetation) for successful spawning and recruitment, and water quality that meets the species' physiological needs. The upper ends of all proposed critical habitat units are demarcated by the place where surface water emerges from the ground to form the head of the spring, or where permanent flow begins, which is approximately the location of the upstream-most record of Barrens topminnow in each proposed unit. Except for Big Spring (Merkle) and Pepper Hollow Branch, the downstream ends of the proposed units are demarcated by a barrier to mosquitofish. The downstream ends of critical habitat at Big Spring (Merkle) and Pepper Hollow Branch are approximately the location of the downstream-most record of Barrens topminnow. When determining proposed critical habitat boundaries, we made every effort to avoid including developed areas such as lands covered by buildings, pavement, and other structures because such lands lack the essential physical or biological features. The scale of the maps we prepared under the parameters for publication within the Code of Federal Regulations may not reflect the exclusion of such developed lands. Any such lands inadvertently left inside critical habitat boundaries shown on the maps of this proposed rule have been excluded by text in the proposed rule and are not proposed for designation as critical habitat. Therefore, if the critical habitat is finalized as proposed, a Federal action involving these lands would not trigger section 7 consultation with respect to critical habitat and the requirement of no adverse modification unless the specific action would affect the physical or biological features in the adjacent critical habitat. The proposed critical habitat designation is defined by the map or maps, as modified by any accompanying regulatory text, presented at the end of this document under Proposed Regulation Promulgation. All proposed units contain all of the identified physical or biological features and support multiple life-history processes. We will make the coordinates or plot points or both on which each map is based available to the public on https://www.regulations.gov at Docket No. FWS-R4-ES- 2023-0224, on our internet site (https://www.fws.gov/office/tennessee-ecological-services), and at the field office responsible for the designation (see FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT, above). Proposed Critical Habitat Designation We propose to designate approximately 1.5 acres (ac) (0.6 hectares (ha)) of spring pool and 11.4 miles (mi) (18.3 kilometers (km)) of spring run in eight units as critical habitat for the Barrens topminnow. The table below shows the name, land ownership of the riparian areas surrounding the units, and surface area (for spring pools) or length (for stream runs) of the proposed units. Ownership of spring run and spring pool bottoms is determined by the adjacent riparian land ownership. These riparian areas are not part of the proposed critical habitat designation. Table of Proposed Critical Habitat Unit Occupancy Status, Land Ownership, and Size ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Length or area of unit in Critical habitat unit Occupied at time of Land ownership by type miles (kilometers) or listing? acres (hectares) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. McMahan Creek................... Yes................... Private............... 0.8 mi (1.3 km). 2. Benedict Spring................. Yes................... Private............... 0.1 ac (0.04 ha). 3. Short Spring.................... Yes................... City of Tullahoma..... 1.0 ac (0.4 ha). 4. Vervilla Spring................. No.................... Federal............... 0.2 mi (0.3 km). 5. Marcum Spring................... Yes................... Private............... 0.6 mi (0.9 km). 6. Greenbrook Pond................. Yes................... City of Smithville.... 0.1 mi (0.16 km); 0.4 ac (0.16 ha). 7. Big Spring (Merkle)............. Yes................... Private............... 0.5 mi (0.85 km). 8. Pepper Hollow Branch............ Yes................... Private............... 9.2 mi (14.8 km). ---------------------------- Total pool area................ ...................... ...................... 1.5 ac (0.6 ha). Total stream length............ ...................... ...................... 11.4 mi (18.3 km). ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Note: Area sizes may not sum due to rounding. [[Page 56259]] We present brief descriptions of the proposed units, and reasons why they meet the definition of critical habitat for Barrens topminnow, below. Unit 1: McMahan Creek Unit 1, a spring run, consists of 0.8 mi (1.3 km) of McMahan Creek in Cannon County. The upstream end of the unit is at the confluence of the source spring run (unnamed) and McMahan Creek, just north of the Woodland Estates subdivision. The downstream end is to the south, where McMahan Creek goes under Geedsville Road. This unit was occupied at the time of listing and is currently occupied by the Barrens topminnow. In addition, the unit currently supports all breeding, feeding, and sheltering needs for the species and contains all of the physical or biological features essential to the conservation of the Barrens topminnow. The riparian land adjacent to the unit is privately owned. Special management considerations or protection may be required to address sediment washing into the creek from adjacent pasture and residential areas. Fencing would reduce the likelihood of livestock trampling instream vegetation, although adjacent lands are used for grazing only intermittently. A concrete box culvert at the Geedsville Road crossing at the downstream end of the unit is a barrier to mosquitofish. Any future roadway maintenance or construction at the crossing would require leaving the culvert intact or, in the case of culvert replacement or modification, ensuring an alternative barrier persists to prevent mosquitofish invasion. Unit 2: Benedict Spring Unit 2 is a 0.1-ac (0.04-ha) spring pool in Coffee County, just north of Highway 55, between Summitville Road to the west and Summit Breeze Lane to the east. This unit was occupied at the time of listing and is currently occupied by the Barrens topminnow. In addition, the unit currently supports all breeding, feeding, and sheltering needs for the species and contains all of the physical or biological features essential to the conservation of the Barrens topminnow. The riparian land adjacent to the unit is privately owned. Special management considerations or protection may be required to address drying of the spring pond. In 2006, 2007, 2008, 2010, and 2016, the spring became almost completely dry, and topminnows had to be rescued (TNACI 2014, p. 11; Service 2017, p. 20). They were returned to the spring on each occasion, after drought subsided. Installation of a well with a pump, employed during droughts, would prevent the need to rescue topminnows. Assurance of a constant water supply to the spring pool during drought would reduce stress on the topminnow population in proposed Unit 2, which otherwise will continue to endure frequent periods of drought-induced stress due to elevated temperature, lowered dissolved oxygen, enhanced depredation, and handling necessary for rescue efforts. Unit 3: Short Spring Unit 3 is a 1.0-ac (0.4-ha) spring pool in the city of Tullahoma, in Coffee County, just west of Short Springs Road and just north of the Short Springs Natural Area. The spring pool is formed by a concrete dam and feeds a short, approximately 0.1-mile (0.16-km) spring run that feeds Bobo Creek. The city owns the unit, and the natural area is State-owned. This unit was occupied at the time of listing and is currently occupied by the Barrens topminnow. In addition, the unit currently supports all breeding, feeding, and sheltering needs for the species and contains all of the physical or biological features essential to the conservation of the Barrens topminnow. Special management considerations may be required for Unit 3. For example, controlling access to the unit for fishing may reduce the likelihood of introductions of bait bucket species, including mosquitofish, that can compete with or prey upon topminnows. Unit 4: Vervilla Spring Unit 4, in Warren County, is a 0.2-mile (0.3-km) reach consisting of a series of spring pools and intervening spring run, with its downstream end at the Hickory Creek Confluence, just upstream of the confluence of Hickory Creek and West Fork Hickory Creek. The unit is entirely within a parcel of the Tennessee National Wildlife Refuge, owned and managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. This unit was historically occupied but is currently unoccupied by the Barrens topminnow, and it is essential for the conservation of the species. Adding a population of Barrens topminnow to this unoccupied unit, after raising the level of the dam and removing mosquitofish, would increase the species' resiliency and redundancy as is necessary for the conservation and recovery of the species, and reduce the species' likelihood of extinction. In addition, this unit is habitat for the species; it contains all five physical or biological features essential to the conservation of the species. Unit 5: Marcum Spring Unit 5, in Coffee County, consists of an isolated spring pool and 0.6 mile (0.9 km) of intervening spring run and natural spring pool habitat that terminates in a small pond formed by a constructed impoundment. The downstream end of the unit (the impounded pool) is at Ovoca Road, where it empties to Ovoca Lake, a small-constructed impoundment on Carroll Creek. This unit was occupied at the time of listing and is currently occupied by the Barrens topminnow. In addition, the unit currently supports all breeding, feeding, and sheltering needs for the species and contains all of the physical or biological features essential to the conservation of the Barrens topminnow. The riparian land adjacent to the unit is privately owned. Special management considerations or protection may be required to address sediment washing into the spring from adjacent pasture and to address filling portions of the spring for off-road heavy machinery access, which has happened before (TNACI 2014, p. 15). In addition, maintaining existing fencing at the site would continue to keep livestock out of the stream. Unit 6: Greenbrook Pond Unit 6 consists of a 0.4-ac (0.16-ha) pond, which is an impounded spring pool, and 0.1 mi (0.16 km) of spring run at the pond outflow, in Greenbrook Park, in the city of Smithville, Dekalb County. This unit was occupied at the time of listing and is currently occupied by the Barrens topminnow. In addition, the unit currently supports all breeding, feeding, and sheltering needs for the species and contains all of the physical or biological features essential to the conservation of the Barrens topminnow. The riparian land adjacent to the unit is owned by the city of Smithville. Special management considerations may be required for Unit 6. Because the unit is in a public park, access to the unit for collecting bait fish may need to be controlled, to reduce the likelihood of capturing topminnows or of releasing unused bait fish, including mosquitofish, that can compete with or prey upon topminnows. Unit 7: Big Spring (Merkle) Unit 7, in Franklin County, consists of a springhead and approximately 0.5 mi (0.85 km) of spring run. The spring is marked as Big Spring on topographic maps but is also referred to by the last name of the landowner at the spring head, Merkle. The unit lies on two private property parcels and is adjacent to a county road right-of-way. [[Page 56260]] The spring flows out of a springhead at the base of a hill and through fields used for row-crop agriculture. The stretch upstream of Georgia Crossing Road is surrounded by a row-crop field. Below Georgia Crossing Road, there is more riparian vegetation, and the stream runs adjacent to Hawkins Cove Road. Unit 7 terminates at the confluence with Miller Creek. This unit was occupied at the time of listing and is currently occupied by the Barrens topminnow. In addition, the unit currently supports all breeding, feeding, and sheltering needs for the species and contains all of the physical or biological features essential to the conservation of the Barrens topminnow. Special management considerations may be required for streambank and riparian area conservation projects that may occur in Unit 7 in the future. The spring run has mostly been channelized and the banks cleared of vegetation. Portions of the spring run are occasionally dammed by beavers, creating more slackwater habitat and promoting aquatic vegetation growth. Unit 8: Pepper Hollow Branch Unit 8 consists of 9.2 mi (14.8 km) of Pepper Hollow Branch and its permanent tributary reaches upstream of the confluence with the Collins River, in Grundy County, Tennessee. The upstream end of the unit starts on mainstem Pepper Hollow Branch on the Cumberland Plateau, in a pine plantation, from which the stream flows into and through hardwood forest until it reaches the valley floor. Areas adjacent to Pepper Hollow Branch in the valley are used for nursery production. The unnamed tributaries feeding Pepper Hollow Branch are shaded and have a mix of riffles and pools with some aquatic vegetation along their margins. Tarlton Spring Run, the downstream-most tributary, contains abundant aquatic vegetation and flows through open fields in the valley. The riparian land adjacent to the unit consists of several privately owned parcels. This unit is currently occupied by the Barrens topminnow but had not been surveyed and was not known to be occupied at the time of listing. This unit is essential for the conservation of the species, as this newly discovered population increases the species' resiliency and redundancy as is necessary for conservation and recovery of the species, and reduces the species' likelihood of extinction. In addition, this unit contains all five physical or biological features essential to the conservation of the species. Effects of Critical Habitat Designation Section 7 Consultation Section 7(a)(2) of the Act requires Federal agencies, including the Service, to ensure that any action they fund, authorize, or carry out is not likely to jeopardize the continued existence of any endangered species or threatened species or result in the destruction or adverse modification of designated critical habitat of such species. In addition, section 7(a)(4) of the Act requires Federal agencies to confer with the Service on any agency action which is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of any species proposed to be listed under the Act or result in the destruction or adverse modification of proposed critical habitat. Destruction or adverse modification means a direct or indirect alteration that appreciably diminishes the value of critical habitat as a whole for the conservation of a listed species (50 CFR 402.02). Compliance with the requirements of section 7(a)(2) of the Act is documented through our issuance of: (1) A concurrence letter for Federal actions that may affect, but are not likely to adversely affect, listed species or critical habitat; or (2) A biological opinion for Federal actions that may affect, and are likely to adversely affect, listed species or critical habitat. When we issue a biological opinion concluding that a project is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of a listed species and/or destroy or adversely modify critical habitat, we provide reasonable and prudent alternatives to the project, if any are identifiable, that would avoid the likelihood of jeopardy and/or destruction or adverse modification of critical habitat. We define ``reasonable and prudent alternatives'' (at 50 CFR 402.02) as alternative actions identified during formal consultation that: (1) Can be implemented in a manner consistent with the intended purpose of the action, (2) Can be implemented consistent with the scope of the Federal agency's legal authority and jurisdiction, (3) Are economically and technologically feasible, and (4) Would, in the Service Director's opinion, avoid the likelihood of jeopardizing the continued existence of the listed species and/or avoid the likelihood of destroying or adversely modifying critical habitat. Reasonable and prudent alternatives can vary from slight project modifications to extensive redesign or relocation of the project. Costs associated with implementing a reasonable and prudent alternative are similarly variable. Regulations at 50 CFR 402.16 set forth requirements for Federal agencies to reinitiate consultation. Reinitiation of consultation is required and shall be requested by the Federal agency, where discretionary Federal involvement or control over the action has been retained or is authorized by law and: (1) If the amount or extent of taking specified in the incidental take statement is exceeded; (2) if new information reveals effects of the action that may affect listed species or critical habitat in a manner or to an extent not previously considered; (3) if the identified action is subsequently modified in a manner that causes an effect to the listed species or critical habitat that was not considered in the biological opinion or written concurrence; or (4) if a new species is listed or critical habitat designated that may be affected by the identified action. As provided in 50 CFR 402.16, the requirement to reinitiate consultations for new species listings or critical habitat designation does not apply to certain agency actions (e.g., land management plans issued by the Bureau of Land Management in certain circumstances). Destruction or Adverse Modification of Critical Habitat The key factor related to the destruction or adverse modification determination is whether implementation of the proposed Federal action directly or indirectly alters the designated critical habitat in a way that appreciably diminishes the value of the critical habitat for the conservation of the listed species. As discussed above, the role of critical habitat is to support physical or biological features essential to the conservation of a listed species and provide for the conservation of the species. Section 4(b)(8) of the Act requires that our Federal Register notices ``shall, to the maximum extent practicable also include a brief description and evaluation of those activities (whether public or private) which, in the opinion of the Secretary, if undertaken may adversely modify [critical] habitat, or may be affected by such designation.'' Activities that may be affected by designation of critical habitat for the Barrens topminnow include those that may affect the physical or biological features of the Barrens topminnow's critical habitat (see Physical or Biological Features Essential to the Conservation of the Species). [[Page 56261]] Exemptions Application of Section 4(a)(3) of the Act Section 4(a)(3)(B)(i) of the Act (16 U.S.C. 1533(a)(3)(B)(i)) provides that the Secretary shall not designate as critical habitat any lands or other geographical areas owned or controlled by the Department of Defense (DoD), or designated for its use, that are subject to an integrated natural resources management plan (INRMP) prepared under section 101 of the Sikes Act Improvement Act of 1997 (16 U.S.C. 670a), if the Secretary determines in writing that such plan provides a benefit to the species for which critical habitat is proposed for designation. No DoD lands with a completed INRMP are within the proposed critical habitat designation. Consideration of Impacts Under Section 4(b)(2) of the Act Section 4(b)(2) of the Act states that the Secretary shall designate and make revisions to critical habitat on the basis of the best available scientific data after taking into consideration the economic impact, national security impact, and any other relevant impact of specifying any particular area as critical habitat. The Secretary may exclude an area from designated critical habitat based on economic impacts, impacts on national security, or any other relevant impacts. Exclusion decisions are governed by the regulations at 50 CFR 424.19 and the Policy Regarding Implementation of Section 4(b)(2) of the Endangered Species Act (hereafter, the ``2016 Policy''; 81 FR 7226, February 11, 2016), both of which were developed jointly with the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS). We also refer to a 2008 Department of the Interior Solicitor's opinion entitled, ``The Secretary's Authority to Exclude Areas from a Critical Habitat Designation under Section 4(b)(2) of the Endangered Species Act'' (M- 37016). In considering whether to exclude a particular area from the designation, we identify the benefits of including the area in the designation, identify the benefits of excluding the area from the designation, and evaluate whether the benefits of exclusion outweigh the benefits of inclusion. If the analysis indicates that the benefits of exclusion outweigh the benefits of inclusion, the Secretary may exercise discretion to exclude the area only if such exclusion would not result in the extinction of the species. In making the determination to exclude a particular area, the statute on its face, as well as the legislative history, are clear that the Secretary has broad discretion regarding which factor(s) to use and how much weight to give to any factor. In our final rules, we explain any decision to exclude areas, as well as decisions not to exclude, to make clear the rational basis for our decision. We describe below the process that we use for taking into consideration each category of impacts and any initial analyses of the relevant impacts. Consideration of Economic Impacts Section 4(b)(2) of the Act and its implementing regulations require that we consider the economic impact that may result from a designation of critical habitat. To assess the probable economic impacts of a designation, we must first evaluate specific land uses or activities and projects that may occur in the area of the critical habitat. We then must evaluate the impacts that a specific critical habitat designation may have on restricting or modifying specific land uses or activities for the benefit of the species and its habitat within the areas proposed. We then identify which conservation efforts may be the result of the species being listed under the Act versus those attributed solely to the designation of critical habitat for this particular species. The probable economic impact of a proposed critical habitat designation is analyzed by comparing scenarios both ``with critical habitat'' and ``without critical habitat.'' The ``without critical habitat'' scenario represents the baseline for the analysis, which includes the existing regulatory and socio- economic burden imposed on landowners, managers, or other resource users potentially affected by the designation of critical habitat (e.g., under the Federal listing as well as other Federal, State, and local regulations). Therefore, the baseline represents the costs of all efforts attributable to the listing of the species under the Act (i.e., conservation of the species and its habitat incurred regardless of whether critical habitat is designated). The ``with critical habitat'' scenario describes the incremental impacts associated specifically with the designation of critical habitat for the species. The incremental conservation efforts and associated impacts would not be expected without the designation of critical habitat for the species. In other words, the incremental costs are those attributable solely to the designation of critical habitat, above and beyond the baseline costs. These are the costs we use when evaluating the benefits of inclusion and exclusion of particular areas from the final designation of critical habitat should we choose to conduct a discretionary 4(b)(2) exclusion analysis. Executive Order (E.O.) 14094 supplements and reaffirms E.O. 12866 and E.O. 13563 and directs Federal agencies to assess the costs and benefits of available regulatory alternatives in quantitative (to the extent feasible) and qualitative terms. Consistent with the E.O. regulatory analysis requirements, our effects analysis under the Act may take into consideration impacts to both directly and indirectly affected entities, where practicable and reasonable. If sufficient data are available, we assess to the extent practicable the probable impacts to both directly and indirectly affected entities. Section 3(f) of E.O. 12866 identifies four criteria when a regulation is considered a ``significant regulatory action'' and requires additional analysis, review, and approval if met. The criterion relevant here is whether the designation of critical habitat may have an economic effect of $200 million or more in any given year (section 3(f)(1) as amended by E.O. 14094). Therefore, our consideration of economic impacts uses a screening analysis to assess whether a designation of critical habitat for the Barrens topminnow is likely to exceed the economically significant threshold. For this particular designation, we developed an incremental effects memorandum (IEM) considering the probable incremental economic impacts that may result from this proposed designation of critical habitat. The information contained in our IEM was then used to develop a screening analysis of the probable effects of the designation of critical habitat for the Barrens topminnow (IEC 2023, entire). We began by conducting a screening analysis of the proposed designation of critical habitat in order to focus our analysis on the key factors that are likely to result in incremental economic impacts. The purpose of the screening analysis is to filter out particular geographical areas of critical habitat that are already subject to such protections and are, therefore, unlikely to incur incremental economic impacts. In particular, the screening analysis considers baseline costs (i.e., absent critical habitat designation) and includes any probable incremental economic impacts where land and water use may already be subject to conservation plans, land management plans, best management practices, or regulations that protect the habitat area as a result of the Federal listing status of the species. Ultimately, the screening analysis allows us to focus our analysis on evaluating the specific areas or sectors that may incur probable [[Page 56262]] incremental economic impacts as a result of the designation. The presence of the listed species in occupied areas of critical habitat means that any destruction or adverse modification of those areas is also likely to jeopardize the continued existence of the species. Therefore, designating occupied areas as critical habitat typically causes little if any incremental impacts above and beyond the impacts of listing the species. As a result, we generally focus the screening analysis on areas of unoccupied critical habitat (unoccupied units or unoccupied areas within occupied units). Overall, the screening analysis assesses whether designation of critical habitat is likely to result in any additional management or conservation efforts that may incur incremental economic impacts. This screening analysis combined with the information contained in our IEM constitute what we consider to be our draft economic analysis (DEA) of the proposed critical habitat designation for the Barrens topminnow; our DEA is summarized in the narrative below. As part of our screening analysis, we considered the types of economic activities that are likely to occur within the areas likely affected by the critical habitat designation. In our evaluation of the probable incremental economic impacts that may result from the proposed designation of critical habitat for the Barrens topminnow, first we identified, in the IEM dated October 19, 2022, probable incremental economic impacts associated with the following categories of activities: (1) bridge or highway construction and maintenance; (2) development and maintenance of utilities (e.g., pipelines); (3) agriculture; (4) water quality permitting; and (5) stream restoration. We considered each industry or category individually. Additionally, we considered whether their activities have any Federal involvement. Critical habitat designation generally will not affect activities that do not have any Federal involvement; under the Act, designation of critical habitat only affects activities conducted, funded, permitted, or authorized by Federal agencies. The species was listed as endangered on November 20, 2019 (see 84 FR 56131; October 21, 2019). Therefore, in areas where the Barrens topminnow is present, under section 7 of the Act, Federal agencies are required to consult with the Service on activities they fund, permit, or implement that may affect the species. If we finalize this proposed critical habitat designation, our consultations would include an evaluation of measures to avoid the destruction or adverse modification of critical habitat. In our IEM, we attempted to clarify the distinction between the effects that result from the species being listed and those that would be attributable to the critical habitat designation (i.e., difference between the jeopardy and adverse modification standards) for the Barrens topminnow's critical habitat. The following specific circumstances help to inform our evaluation: (1) The essential physical or biological features identified for critical habitat are the same features essential for the life requisites of the species, and (2) any actions that would likely adversely affect the essential physical or biological features of occupied critical habitat are also likely to adversely affect the species itself. The IEM outlines our rationale concerning this limited distinction between baseline conservation efforts and incremental impacts of the designation of critical habitat for this species. This evaluation of the incremental effects has been used as the basis to evaluate the probable incremental economic impacts of this proposed designation. The proposed critical habitat designation for the Barrens topminnow totals approximately 1.5 ac (0.6 ha) of spring pool and 11.4 mi (18.3 km) of spring run, which includes both occupied and unoccupied habitat. Within the currently occupied springs (proposed Units 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, and 8), any actions that may affect the species would likely also affect proposed critical habitat and it is unlikely that any additional conservation efforts would be required to address the adverse modification standard over and above those recommended as necessary to avoid jeopardizing the continued existence of the species. Thus, incremental project modifications resulting solely from the presence of occupied critical habitat are not anticipated. In total, approximately 21 section 7 consultations are anticipated to occur over the next 10 years in the occupied units, with total costs to the Service and action agencies of $75,800, or approximately $7,600 per year. Within the unoccupied Vervilla Spring (proposed Unit 4), any future projects that may affect the Barrens topminnow or its critical habitat would result in section 7 consultation because the spring is on federally managed land. It is not clear that substantial project modifications to proposed Unit 4 would be required to accommodate critical habitat over and above what would already be anticipated to occur under the baseline. With or without critical habitat, this area will be managed for Barrens topminnow conservation because the Service plans to reintroduce Barrens topminnow into this area. In other words, raising the height of the mosquitofish exclusion barrier and rehabilitating the unoccupied unit would have been completed to promote species recovery by improving the habitat prior to occupation by the Barrens topminnow regardless of a critical habitat designation. Nevertheless, the screening analysis assumed that raising the height of the mosquitofish barrier and rehabilitating unoccupied proposed Unit 4 is an incremental cost due to the designation of critical habitat. The Service estimates the one-time cost of barrier replacement at $12,500. In addition to barrier replacement, according to the IEM, one new formal section 7 consultation considering only adverse modification is anticipated to occur in proposed Unit 4 during the next 10 years, at a cost of $17,000. One informal consultation, with estimated administrative costs of $8,000, is also anticipated for proposed Unit 4. Therefore, the total incremental cost for proposed Unit 4 is estimated at $37,500 during the next 10 years, or approximately $3,800 per year. The total incremental cost for all eight units is estimated at less than $76,000 over the next 10 years, or $7,600 per year. These costs would not reach the threshold of ``significant'' under E.O. 12866. As noted above, in proposed Unit 8, which is occupied but was not known to be occupied at the time of listing, any actions that may affect the species would likely also affect proposed critical habitat, and it is unlikely that any additional conservation efforts would be required to address the adverse modification standard over and above those recommended as necessary to avoid jeopardizing the continued existence of the species. We are soliciting data and comments from the public on the DEA discussed above. During the development of a final designation, we will consider the information presented in the DEA and any additional information on economic impacts we receive during the public comment period to determine whether any specific areas should be excluded from the final critical habitat designation under authority of section 4(b)(2) of the Act, our implementing regulations at 50 CFR 424.19, and the 2016 Policy. We may exclude an area from critical habitat if we determine that the benefits of excluding the area outweigh the benefits of including the area, provided the exclusion will not result in the extinction of this species. [[Page 56263]] Consideration of National Security Impacts Section 4(a)(3)(B)(i) of the Act may not cover all DoD lands or areas that pose potential national-security concerns (e.g., a DoD installation that is in the process of revising its INRMP for a newly listed species or a species previously not covered). If a particular area is not covered under section 4(a)(3)(B)(i), then national-security or homeland-security concerns are not a factor in the process of determining what areas meet the definition of ``critical habitat.'' However, we must still consider impacts on national security, including homeland security, on those lands or areas not covered by section 4(a)(3)(B)(i) because section 4(b)(2) requires us to consider those impacts whenever it designates critical habitat. Accordingly, if DoD, Department of Homeland Security (DHS), or another Federal agency has requested exclusion based on an assertion of national-security or homeland-security concerns, or we have otherwise identified national- security or homeland-security impacts from designating particular areas as critical habitat, we generally have reason to consider excluding those areas. However, we cannot automatically exclude requested areas. When DoD, DHS, or another Federal agency requests exclusion from critical habitat on the basis of national-security or homeland-security impacts, we must conduct an exclusion analysis if the Federal requester provides information, including a reasonably specific justification of an incremental impact on national security that would result from the designation of that specific area as critical habitat. That justification could include demonstration of probable impacts, such as impacts to ongoing border-security patrols and surveillance activities, or a delay in training or facility construction, as a result of compliance with section 7(a)(2) of the Act. If the agency requesting the exclusion does not provide us with a reasonably specific justification, we will contact the agency to recommend that it provide a specific justification or clarification of its concerns relative to the probable incremental impact that could result from the designation. If we conduct an exclusion analysis because the agency provides a reasonably specific justification or because we decide to exercise the discretion to conduct an exclusion analysis, we will defer to the expert judgment of DoD, DHS, or another Federal agency as to: (1) Whether activities on its lands or waters, or its activities on other lands or waters, have national-security or homeland-security implications; (2) the importance of those implications; and (3) the degree to which the cited implications would be adversely affected in the absence of an exclusion. In that circumstance, in conducting a discretionary section 4(b)(2) exclusion analysis, we will give great weight to national-security and homeland-security concerns in analyzing the benefits of exclusion. In preparing this proposal, we have determined that the lands within the proposed designation of critical habitat for the Barrens topminnow are not owned or managed by the DoD or DHS, and, therefore, we anticipate no impact on national security or homeland security. Consideration of Other Relevant Impacts Under section 4(b)(2) of the Act, we consider any other relevant impacts, in addition to economic impacts and impacts on national security discussed above. To identify other relevant impacts that may affect the exclusion analysis, we consider a number of factors, including whether there are permitted conservation plans covering the species in the area--such as safe harbor agreements (SHAs), candidate conservation agreements with assurances (CCAAs) or ``conservation benefit agreement'' or ``conservation agreement'' (CBAs) (CBAs are a new type of agreement replacing SHAs and CCAAs in use after April 2024 (89 FR 26070; April 12, 2024)) or HCPs, or whether there are non- permitted conservation agreements and partnerships that may be impaired by designation of, or exclusion from, critical habitat. In addition, we look at whether Tribal conservation plans or partnerships, Tribal resources, or government-to-government relationships of the United States with Tribal entities may be affected by the designation. We also consider any State, local, social, or other impacts that might occur because of the designation. In preparing this proposal, we have determined that no HCPs or other management plans for the Barrens topminnow currently exist, and the proposed designation does not include any Tribal lands or trust resources or any lands for which designation would have any economic or national-security impacts. Therefore, we anticipate no impact on Tribal lands, partnerships, or HCPs from this proposed critical habitat designation, and thus, as described above, we are not considering excluding any particular areas on the basis of the presence of established conservation agreements or impacts to trust resources. When analyzing other relevant impacts of including a particular area in a designation of critical habitat, we weigh those impacts relative to the conservation value of the particular area. To determine the conservation value of designating a particular area, we consider a number of factors, including, but not limited to, the additional regulatory benefits that the area would receive due to the protection from destruction or adverse modification as a result of actions with a Federal nexus, the educational benefits of mapping essential habitat for recovery of the listed species, and any benefits that may result from a designation due to State or Federal laws that may apply to critical habitat. After identifying the benefits of inclusion and the benefits of exclusion, we carefully weigh the two sides to evaluate whether the benefits of exclusion outweigh those of inclusion. If our analysis indicates that the benefits of exclusion outweigh the benefits of inclusion, we then determine whether exclusion would result in extinction of the species. If exclusion of an area from critical habitat will result in extinction, we will not exclude it from the designation. The Service's Partners for Fish and Wildlife (PFW) program is developing conservation agreements with landowners at Benedict Spring and Greenbrook Pond, proposed Units 2 and 6, respectively. At Benedict Spring, a well would be developed and a pump installed to maintain a water supply that would keep the spring full during periods of drought to conserve the Barrens topminnow. Lands adjacent to the spring pool and spring run constituting the proposed Greenbrook Pond Unit would continue to be managed as a city park, under which the population of topminnows has persisted in high numbers. Therefore, as indicated in Information Requested, we are requesting information on whether the benefits of excluding any areas where PFW conservation agreements are developed may outweigh inclusion under section 4(b)(2) of the Act, and the Secretary may exclude these areas from the final designation of critical habitat for the Barrens topminnow. If through the public comment period we receive information that we determine indicates that there are potential economic, national security, or other relevant impacts from designating particular areas as critical habitat, then as part of developing the final designation of critical habitat, we will evaluate that information and may [[Page 56264]] conduct a discretionary exclusion analysis to determine whether to exclude those areas under authority of section 4(b)(2) of the Act and our implementing regulations at 50 CFR 424.19. If we receive a request for exclusion of a particular area and after evaluation of supporting information we do not exclude, we will fully describe our decision in the final rule for this action. Correction In this proposed rule, we include a correction to the final listing rule's citation in the entry for the Barrens topminnow in the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife (List) at 50 CFR 17.11(h). When the final listing rule published (84 FR 56131; October 21, 2019), in the ``Listing citations and applicable rules'' column of the List, the wrong volume number was included in the citation for the Barrens topminnow's listing rule. We reflect the corrected information under Proposed Regulation Promulgation, below. As explained at 50 CFR 17.11(f), the ``Listing citations and applicable rules'' column of the List is nonregulatory in nature and is provided for informational and navigational purposes only. Required Determinations Clarity of the Rule We are required by Executive Orders 12866 and 12988 and by the Presidential Memorandum of June 1, 1998, to write all rules in plain language. This means that each rule we publish must: (1) Be logically organized; (2) Use the active voice to address readers directly; (3) Use clear language rather than jargon; (4) Be divided into short sections and sentences; and (5) Use lists and tables wherever possible. If you feel that we have not met these requirements, send us comments by one of the methods listed in ADDRESSES. To better help us revise the rule, your comments should be as specific as possible. For example, you should tell us the numbers of the sections or paragraphs that are unclearly written, which sections or sentences are too long, the sections where you feel lists or tables would be useful, etc. Regulatory Planning and Review (Executive Orders 12866, 13563, and 14094) Executive Order 14094 reaffirms the principles of E.O. 12866 and E.O. 13563 and states that regulatory analysis should facilitate agency efforts to develop regulations that serve the public interest, advance statutory objectives, and are consistent with E.O. 12866, E.O. 13563, and the Presidential Memorandum of January 20, 2021 (Modernizing Regulatory Review). Regulatory analysis, as practicable and appropriate, shall recognize distributive impacts and equity, to the extent permitted by law. E.O. 13563 emphasizes further that regulations must be based on the best available science and that the rulemaking process must allow for public participation and an open exchange of ideas. We have developed this proposed rule in a manner consistent with these requirements. E.O. 12866, as reaffirmed by E.O. 13563 and E.O. 14094, provides that the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA) in the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) will review all significant rules. OIRA has determined that this rule is not significant. Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.) Under the Regulatory Flexibility Act (RFA; 5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.), as amended by the Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996 (SBREFA; 5 U.S.C. 801 et seq.), whenever an agency is required to publish a notice of rulemaking for any proposed or final rule, it must prepare and make available for public comment a regulatory flexibility analysis that describes the effects of the rule on small entities (i.e., small businesses, small organizations, and small government jurisdictions). However, no regulatory flexibility analysis is required if the head of the agency certifies the rule will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. The SBREFA amended the RFA to require Federal agencies to provide a certification statement of the factual basis for certifying that the rule will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. According to the Small Business Administration, small entities include small organizations such as independent nonprofit organizations; small governmental jurisdictions, including school boards and city and town governments that serve fewer than 50,000 residents; and small businesses (13 CFR 121.201). Small businesses include manufacturing and mining concerns with fewer than 500 employees, wholesale trade entities with fewer than 100 employees, retail and service businesses with less than $5 million in annual sales, general and heavy construction businesses with less than $27.5 million in annual business, special trade contractors doing less than $11.5 million in annual business, and agricultural businesses with annual sales less than $750,000. To determine whether potential economic impacts to these small entities are significant, we considered the types of activities that might trigger regulatory impacts under this designation as well as types of project modifications that may result. In general, the term ``significant economic impact'' is meant to apply to a typical small business firm's business operations. Under the RFA, as amended, and as understood in light of recent court decisions, Federal agencies are required to evaluate the potential incremental impacts of rulemaking on those entities directly regulated by the rulemaking itself; in other words, the RFA does not require agencies to evaluate the potential impacts to indirectly regulated entities. The regulatory mechanism through which critical habitat protections are realized is section 7 of the Act, which requires Federal agencies, in consultation with the Service, to ensure that any action authorized, funded, or carried out by the agency is not likely to destroy or adversely modify critical habitat. Therefore, under section 7, only Federal action agencies are directly subject to the specific regulatory requirement (avoiding destruction and adverse modification) imposed by critical habitat designation. Consequently, it is our position that only Federal action agencies would be directly regulated if we adopt the proposed critical habitat designation. The RFA does not require evaluation of the potential impacts to entities not directly regulated. Moreover, Federal agencies are not small entities. Therefore, because no small entities would be directly regulated by this rulemaking, the Service certifies that, if made final as proposed, this critical habitat designation will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. In summary, we have considered whether the proposed designation would result in a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. For the above reasons and based on currently available information, we certify that, if made final as proposed, the critical habitat designation will not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small business entities. Therefore, an initial regulatory flexibility analysis is not required. [[Page 56265]] Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use--Executive Order 13211 Executive Order 13211 (Actions Concerning Regulations That Significantly Affect Energy Supply, Distribution, or Use) requires agencies to prepare statements of energy effects ``to the extent permitted by law'' when undertaking actions identified as significant energy actions. E.O. 13211 defines a ``significant energy action'' as an action that (i) is a significant regulatory action under E.O. 12866 (or any successor order, including most recently E.O. 14094); and (ii) is likely to have a significant adverse effect on the supply, distribution, or use of energy. In our economic analysis, we did not find that this proposed critical habitat designation would significantly affect energy supplies, distribution, or use. Therefore, this action is not a significant energy action, and there is no requirement to prepare a statement of energy effects for this action. Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (2 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.) In accordance with the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act (2 U.S.C. 1501 et seq.), we make the following findings: (1) This proposed rule would not produce a Federal mandate. In general, a Federal mandate is a provision in legislation, statute, or regulation that would impose an enforceable duty upon State, local, or Tribal governments, or the private sector, and includes both ``Federal intergovernmental mandates'' and ``Federal private sector mandates.'' These terms are defined in 2 U.S.C. 658(5)-(7). ``Federal intergovernmental mandate'' includes a regulation that ``would impose an enforceable duty upon State, local, or tribal governments'' with two exceptions. It excludes ``a condition of Federal assistance.'' It also excludes ``a duty arising from participation in a voluntary Federal program,'' unless the regulation ``relates to a then-existing Federal program under which $500,000,000 or more is provided annually to State, local, and tribal governments under entitlement authority,'' if the provision would ``increase the stringency of conditions of assistance'' or ``place caps upon, or otherwise decrease, the Federal Government's responsibility to provide funding,'' and the State, local, or Tribal governments ``lack authority'' to adjust accordingly. At the time of enactment, these entitlement programs were: Medicaid; Aid to Families with Dependent Children work programs; Child Nutrition; Food Stamps; Social Services Block Grants; Vocational Rehabilitation State Grants; Foster Care, Adoption Assistance, and Independent Living; Family Support Welfare Services; and Child Support Enforcement. ``Federal private sector mandate'' includes a regulation that ``would impose an enforceable duty upon the private sector, except (i) a condition of Federal assistance or (ii) a duty arising from participation in a voluntary Federal program.'' The designation of critical habitat does not impose a legally binding duty on non-Federal Government entities or private parties. Under the Act, the only regulatory effect is that Federal agencies must ensure that their actions are not likely to destroy or adversely modify critical habitat under section 7. While non-Federal entities that receive Federal funding, assistance, or permits, or that otherwise require approval or authorization from a Federal agency for an action, may be indirectly impacted by the designation of critical habitat, the legally binding duty to avoid destruction or adverse modification of critical habitat rests squarely on the Federal agency. Furthermore, to the extent that non-Federal entities are indirectly impacted because they receive Federal assistance or participate in a voluntary Federal aid program, the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act would not apply, nor would critical habitat shift the costs of the large entitlement programs listed above onto State governments. (2) We do not believe that this proposed rule would significantly or uniquely affect small governments. One of the proposed critical habitat units is on federally owned land and five units are on private land, and thus these six units are not on property belonging to small governments. Two of the eight proposed units are on city property, but one is within a city park, while the other is within city boundaries and abuts a State natural area. Additionally, all proposed units are groundwater-fed pools or streams that are not suitable for development of buildings or housing. Takings--Executive Order 12630 In accordance with E.O. 12630 (Government Actions and Interference with Constitutionally Protected Private Property Rights), we have analyzed the potential takings implications of designating critical habitat for the Barrens topminnow in a takings implications assessment. The Act does not authorize the Service to regulate private actions on private lands or confiscate private property as a result of critical habitat designation. Designation of critical habitat does not affect land ownership, or establish any closures, or restrictions on use of or access to the designated areas. Furthermore, the designation of critical habitat does not affect landowner actions that do not require Federal funding or permits, nor does it preclude development of habitat conservation programs or issuance of incidental take permits to permit actions that do require Federal funding or permits to go forward. However, Federal agencies are prohibited from carrying out, funding, or authorizing actions that would destroy or adversely modify critical habitat. A takings implications assessment has been completed for the proposed designation of critical habitat for the Barrens topminnow, and it concludes that, if adopted as proposed, this designation of critical habitat does not pose significant takings implications for lands within or affected by the designation. Federalism--Executive Order 13132 In accordance with E.O. 13132 (Federalism), this proposed rule does not have significant Federalism effects. A federalism summary impact statement is not required. In keeping with Department of the Interior and Department of Commerce policy, we requested information from, and coordinated development of this proposed critical habitat designation with, the appropriate State resource agency in Tennessee. From a federalism perspective, the designation of critical habitat directly affects only the responsibilities of Federal agencies. The Act imposes no other duties with respect to critical habitat, either for States and local governments, or for anyone else. As a result, the proposed rule does not have substantial direct effects either on the State, or on the relationship between the national government and the State, or on the distribution of powers and responsibilities among the various levels of government. The proposed designation may have some benefit to these governments because the areas that contain the features essential to the conservation of the species are more clearly defined, and the physical or biological features of the habitat necessary to the conservation of the species are specifically identified. This information does not alter where and what federally sponsored activities may occur. However, it may assist these local governments in long-range planning because they no longer have to wait for case-by- case section 7 consultations to occur. Where State and local governments require approval or authorization from a Federal agency for actions that may affect critical habitat, consultation under section 7(a)(2) would be required. [[Page 56266]] While non-Federal entities that receive Federal funding, assistance, or permits, or that otherwise require approval or authorization from a Federal agency for an action, may be indirectly impacted by the designation of critical habitat, the legally binding duty to avoid destruction or adverse modification of critical habitat rests squarely on the Federal agency. Civil Justice Reform--Executive Order 12988 In accordance with Executive Order 12988 (Civil Justice Reform), the Office of the Solicitor has determined that the rule does not unduly burden the judicial system and that it meets the requirements of sections 3(a) and 3(b)(2) of the Order. We have proposed designating critical habitat in accordance with the provisions of the Act. To assist the public in understanding the habitat needs of the species, this proposed rule identifies the elements of physical or biological features essential to the conservation of the species. The proposed areas of designated critical habitat are presented on maps, and the proposed rule provides several options for the interested public to obtain more detailed location information, if desired. Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.) This rule does not contain information collection requirements, and a submission to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.) is not required. We may not conduct or sponsor and you are not required to respond to a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number. National Environmental Policy Act (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) Regulations adopted pursuant to section 4(a) of the Act are exempt from the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA; 42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) and do not require an environmental analysis under NEPA. We published a notice outlining our reasons for this determination in the Federal Register on October 25, 1983 (48 FR 49244). This includes listing, delisting, and reclassification rules, as well as critical habitat designations. In a line of cases starting with Douglas County v. Babbitt, 48 F.3d 1495 (9th Cir. 1995), the courts have upheld this position. Government-to-Government Relationship With Tribes In accordance with the President's memorandum of April 29, 1994 (Government-to-Government Relations with Native American Tribal Governments; 59 FR 22951), E.O. 13175 (Consultation and Coordination With Indian Tribal Governments), the President's memorandum of November 30, 2022 (Uniform Standards for Tribal Consultation; 87 FR 74479, December 5, 2022), and the Department of the Interior's manual at 512 DM 2, we readily acknowledge our responsibility to communicate meaningfully with recognized Federal Tribes on a government-to- government basis. In accordance with Secretary's Order 3206 of June 5, 1997 (American Indian Tribal Rights, Federal-Tribal Trust Responsibilities, and the Endangered Species Act), we readily acknowledge our responsibilities to work directly with Tribes in developing programs for healthy ecosystems, to acknowledge that Tribal lands are not subject to the same controls as Federal public lands, to remain sensitive to Indian culture, and to make information available to Tribes. As discussed earlier in this document, we have determined that no Tribal lands would be affected by this proposed critical habitat designation. References Cited A complete list of references cited in this rulemaking is available on the internet at https://www.regulations.gov under Docket No. FWS-R4- ES-2023-0224 and upon request from the Tennessee Ecological Services Field Office (see FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT). Authors The primary authors of this proposed rule are the staff members of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Species Assessment Team and Tennessee Ecological Services Field Office. List of Subjects in 50 CFR Part 17 Endangered and threatened species, Exports, Imports, Plants, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Transportation, Wildlife. Proposed Regulation Promulgation Accordingly, we propose to further amend part 17, subchapter B of chapter I, title 50 of the Code of Federal Regulations, as set forth below: PART 17--ENDANGERED AND THREATENED WILDLIFE AND PLANTS 0 1. The authority citation for part 17 continues to read as follows: Authority: 16 U.S.C. 1361-1407; 1531-1544; and 4201-4245, unless otherwise noted. 0 2. In Sec. 17.11, amend paragraph (h) by revising the entry for ``Topminnow, Barrens'' in the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife under FISHES to read as follows: Sec. 17.11 Endangered and threatened wildlife. * * * * * (h) * * * ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Listing citations and Common name Scientific name Where listed Status applicable rules ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * * * * * * * Fishes * * * * * * * Topminnow, Barrens.............. Fundulus julisia.. Wherever found.... E 84 FR 56131, 10/21/ 2019; 50 CFR 17.95(e).\CH\ * * * * * * * ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 3. In Sec. 17.95, amend paragraph (e) by adding an entry for ``Barrens Topminnow (Fundulus julisia)'' immediately following the entry for ``Spring Pygmy Sunfish (Elassoma alabamae)'' to read as follows: Sec. 17.95 Critical habitat--fish and wildlife. * * * * * (e) Fishes. * * * * * Barrens Topminnow (Fundulus julisia) (1) Critical habitat units are depicted for Cannon, Coffee, Dekalb, Franklin, Grundy, and Warren Counties, Tennessee, on the maps in this entry. [[Page 56267]] (2) Within these areas, the physical or biological features essential to the conservation of the Barrens topminnow consist of the following components: (i) Groundwater-fed, first or second order streams and springs that persist annually; (ii) Water temperature ranging from 15 to 25 degrees Celsius ([deg]C) (59 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit ([deg]F)); (iii) Water during base flow with limited turbidity that is sufficiently clear for individuals to see spawning and feeding cues; (iv) Submerged native aquatic plants, such as Cladophora and Pithophora species, watercress (Nasturtium officinale), rushes (Juncus spp.), pondweed (Potamogeton spp.), and eelgrass (Vallisneria spp.), or overhanging terrestrial plants and submerged plant roots, to provide cover and surfaces for spawning; and (v) A prey base of microcrustaceans and small aquatic insects such as chironomids (midges). (3) Critical habitat does not include manmade structures (such as buildings, aqueducts, runways, roads, and other paved areas) and the land on which they are located existing within the legal boundaries on [EFFECTIVE DATE OF FINAL RULE]. (4) Data layers defining map units were created using Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) Zone 16N coordinates. The hydrologic data used in the maps were extracted from U.S. Geological Survey National Hydrography Dataset High Resolution (1:24,000 scale) using Geographic Coordinate System North American 1983 coordinates. The maps in this entry, as modified by any accompanying regulatory text, establish the boundaries of the critical habitat designation. The coordinates or plot points or both on which each map is based are available to the public at https://www.regulations.gov under Docket No. FWS-R4-ES-2023-0224 and at the field office responsible for this designation. You may obtain field office location information by contacting one of the Service regional offices, the addresses of which are listed at 50 CFR 2.2. (5) Note: Index map follows: Figure 1 to Barrens Topminnow (Fundulus julisia) paragraph (5) BILLING CODE 4333-15-P [[Page 56268]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP09JY24.000 (6) Unit 1: McMahan Creek; Cannon County, Tennessee. (i) Unit 1 consists of approximately 0.8 mile (mi) (1.3 kilometers (km)) of McMahan Creek from the mouth of the unnamed perennial spring run upstream of the Woodland Estates subdivision (35.7157[deg], - 86.0542[deg]), down to the bridge at Geedsville Road (35.7072[deg], - 86.0480[deg]), in Cannon County, Tennessee. (ii) Map of Unit 1 follows: [[Page 56269]] Figure 2 to Barrens Topminnow (Fundulus julisia) paragraph (6)(ii) [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP09JY24.001 (7) Unit 2: Benedict Spring; Coffee County, Tennessee. (i) Unit 2 consists of an approximately 0.1-acre (ac) (0.04-hectare (ha)) pond fed by a spring flowing out of a small cave, on a site (35.5497, -85.9836) approximately 0.2 mi (0.3 km) west-southwest of the Summitville Post Office. (ii) Map of Unit 2 follows: [[Page 56270]] Figure 3 to Barrens Topminnow (Fundulus julisia) paragraph (7)(ii) [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP09JY24.002 (8) Unit 3: Short Spring; Coffee County, Tennessee. (i) Unit 3 consists of a 1.0-ac (0.4-ha) impounded spring (35.4045[deg], -86.1781[deg]) in Tullahoma, in Coffee County, Tennessee. (ii) Map of Unit 3 and Unit 5 follows: [[Page 56271]] Figure 4 to Barrens Topminnow (Fundulus julisia) paragraph (8)(ii) [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP09JY24.003 (9) Unit 4: Vervilla Spring; Warren County, Tennessee. (i) Unit 4 is an approximately 0.2-mi (0.3-km) spring run located on an outparcel of the Tennessee National Wildlife Refuge, owned and managed by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, near the community of Vervilla. The unit extends from the source of the spring run (35.5870[deg], -85.8575[deg]) down to its mouth on Hickory Creek. (ii) Map of Unit 4 follows: [[Page 56272]] Figure 5 to Barrens Topminnow (Fundulus julisia) paragraph (9)(ii) [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP09JY24.004 (10) Unit 5: Marcum Spring; Coffee County, Tennessee. (i) Unit 5 is an approximately 0.6-mi (0.9-km) spring run, including adjacent disconnected spring pools, that flows into Ovoca Lake near Tullahoma, in Coffee County, Tennessee. Unit 5 (35.4090[deg], -86.2052[deg]) runs from the source to the upper end of a pond just above the outlet into Ovoca Lake. (ii) Map of Unit 5 is provided at paragraph (8)(ii) of this entry. (11) Unit 6: Greenbrook Pond; Dekalb County, Tennessee. (i) Unit 6 is an approximately 0.4-ac (0.16-ha) pond and 0.1-mi (0.16-km) spring run flowing from the pond, in Greenbrook Park, in the city of Smithville. (ii) Map of Unit 6 follows: [[Page 56273]] Figure 6 to Barrens Topminnow (Fondulus julisia) paragraph (11)(ii) [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP09JY24.005 (12) Unit 7: Big Spring (Merkle); Franklin County, Tennessee. (i) Unit 7 consists of a springhead (35.1832[deg], -85.9831[deg]) and approximately 0.5-mi (0.85 km) of spring run between the springhead and the confluence with Miller Creek (35.1761[deg], -85.9822[deg]). (ii) Map of Unit 7 follows: [[Page 56274]] Figure 7 to Barrens Topminnow (Fondulus julisia) paragraph (12)(ii) [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP09JY24.006 (13) Unit 8: Pepper Hollow Branch; Grundy County, Tennessee. (i) Unit 8 consists of 9.2 mi (14.8 km) of Pepper Hollow Branch and its permanent tributary reaches upstream of the confluence with the Collins River (35.5109[deg], -85.6686[deg]), located just downstream of State Route 56. (ii) Map of Unit 8 follows: [[Page 56275]] Figure 8 to Barrens Topminnow (Fondulus julisia) paragraph (13)(ii) [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TP09JY24.007 * * * * * Martha Williams, Director, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. [FR Doc. 2024-14320 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4333-15-C

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:58.054219

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14981

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56276-56286] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14981] ======================================================================== Notices Federal Register ________________________________________________________________________ This section of the FEDERAL REGISTER contains documents other than rules or proposed rules that are applicable to the public. Notices of hearings and investigations, committee meetings, agency decisions and rulings, delegations of authority, filing of petitions and applications and agency statements of organization and functions are examples of documents appearing in this section. ======================================================================== Federal Register / Vol. 89, No. 131 / Tuesday, July 9, 2024 / Notices [[Page 56276]] ADMINISTRATIVE CONFERENCE OF THE UNITED STATES Adoption of Recommendations AGENCY: Administrative Conference of the United States. ACTION: Notice. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The Assembly of the Administrative Conference of the United States adopted four recommendations at its hybrid (virtual and in- person) Eighty-first Plenary Session: Choice of Forum for Judicial Review of Agency Rules, Individualized Guidance, Senate-Confirmed Officials and Administrative Adjudication, and Managing Congressional Constituent Service Inquiries. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For Recommendation 2024-1, Kazia Nowacki; Recommendation 2024-2, Benjamin Birkhill; Recommendation 2024- 3, Matthew Gluth; and Recommendation 2024-4, Conrad Dryland. For each of these recommendations the address and telephone number are: Administrative Conference of the United States, Suite 706 South, 1120 20th Street NW, Washington, DC 20036; Telephone 202-480-2080. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Administrative Conference Act, 5 U.S.C. 591-596, established the Administrative Conference of the United States. The Conference studies the efficiency, adequacy, and fairness of the administrative procedures used by Federal agencies and makes recommendations to agencies, the President, Congress, and the Judicial Conference of the United States for procedural improvements (5 U.S.C. 594(1)). For further information about the Conference and its activities, see www.acus.gov. The Assembly of the Conference met during its Eighty-first Plenary Session on June 13, 2024, to consider four proposed recommendations and conduct other business. All four recommendations were adopted. In addition, three separate statements, which are permitted under ACUS's bylaws, were filed by various ACUS members regarding Recommendation 2024-3, Senate-Confirmed Officials and Administrative Adjudication. Recommendation 2024-1, Choice of Forum for Judicial Review of Agency Rules. This recommendation provides that, when drafting a statute that provides for judicial review of agency rules, Congress ordinarily should provide that rules promulgated using notice-and- comment procedures are subject to direct review by a court of appeals. The recommendation also identifies common statutory ambiguities that Congress should avoid in drafting new or amending existing statutes that provide for judicial review of agency actions. Recommendation 2024-2, Individualized Guidance. This recommendation offers practices to promote fairness, accuracy, and efficiency in agency processes for providing written guidance in response to requests for advice from members of the public. Among other topics, it will address processes for members of the public to request guidance from agencies; agency practices for drafting responses to guidance requests, including the personnel involved and mechanisms to ensure accuracy and consistency; the public availability of individualized guidance documents; and the extent to which members of the public can rely on legal interpretations and policy statements made in individualized guidance documents. Recommendation 2024-3, Senate-Confirmed Officials and Administrative Adjudication. This recommendation examines, as a legal and practical matter, whether, when, how, and how often agency heads and other Senate-confirmed officials participate in the adjudication of cases across a range of federal administrative programs. For agencies that have decided to provide or are considering providing for participation by Senate-confirmed officials in the adjudication of individual cases, the recommendation identifies principles and practicalities that agencies should consider in structuring such participation and provides best practices for developing and communicating relevant policies regarding such participation. Recommendation 2024-4, Managing Congressional Constituent Service Inquiries. This recommendation identifies best practices for agencies to promote quality, efficiency, and timeliness in their procedures for managing and responding to congressional constituent service inquiries. Among other topics, it addresses the proper scope, content, internal dissemination, and public availability of such procedures; how agencies can use technology to streamline their management and resolution of constituent service inquiries; how agencies should adopt and evaluate constituent service-specific performance goals; and strategies for improving communication with congressional offices and staff. The Conference based its recommendations on research reports and prior history that are posted at: https://www.acus.gov/event/81st-plenary-session. Authority: 5 U.S.C. 595. Dated: July 2, 2024. Shawne C. McGibbon, General Counsel. Appendix--Recommendations of the Administrative Conference of the United States Administrative Conference Recommendation 2024-1 Choice of Forum for Judicial Review of Agency Rules Adopted June 13, 2024 Final rules adopted by federal agencies are generally subject to review in the federal courts.\1\ In a series of recommendations adopted in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, the Administrative Conference sought to identify principles to guide Congress in choosing the appropriate forum for judicial review of agency rules. The most significant was Recommendation 75-3, The Choice of Forum for Judicial Review of Administrative Action, which recommended that, in the case of rules adopted after notice and comment, Congress [[Page 56277]] generally should provide for direct review in the courts of appeals whenever ``an initial district court decision respecting the validity of the rule will ordinarily be appealed'' or ``the public interest requires prompt, authoritative determination of the validity of the rule.'' \2\ Subsequent recommendations opposed altering the ordinary rules governing venue in district court actions against the United States,\3\ set forth a principle for determining when it is appropriate to give the Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit exclusive jurisdiction to review agency rules,\4\ and offered guidance to Congress on the factors it should consider in determining whether to assign responsibility for review to a specialized court.\5\ The Conference also addressed the choice of forum for judicial review of rules adopted under specific statutes.\6\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ See 5 U.S.C. 702. This Recommendation does not address judicial review of adjudicative orders, including those that announce principles with rule-like effect or agency actions regarding petitions for rulemaking. Additionally, the Recommendation does not address suits challenging agency delay or inaction in promulgating rules. See Telecomms. Rsch. & Action Ctr. v. Fed. Commc'ns Comm'n, 750 F.2d 70, 72 (D.C. Cir. 1984); see generally Joseph W. Mead, Choice of Forum for Judicial Review of Agency Rules (May 9, 2024) (report to the Admin. Conf. of the U.S.). \2\ 40 FR 27926 (July 2, 1975). \3\ Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 82-3, Federal Venue Provisions Applicable to Suits Against the Government, 47 FR 30706 (July 15, 1982). \4\ Id. \5\ Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 91-9, Specialized Review of Administrative Action, 56 FR 67143 (Dec. 30, 1991). \6\ Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 76-4, Judicial Review Under the Clean Air Act and Federal Water Pollution Control Act, 41 FR 56767 (Dec. 30, 1976); Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 91-5, Facilitating the Use of Rulemaking by the National Labor Relations Board, 56 FR 33851 (July 24, 1991). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Several years ago, the Conference undertook a study to identify and review all statutory provisions in the United States Code governing judicial review of federal agency rules and adjudicative orders.\7\ Based on that initiative, ACUS adopted Recommendation 2021-5, Clarifying Statutory Access to Judicial Review of Agency Action,\8\ which recommended that Congress address statutory provisions that create unnecessary obstacles to judicial review or overly complicate the process of judicial review. That Recommendation also prompted questions regarding ``whether Congress should specify where judicial review should be sought with regard to agency actions that are not currently the subject of any specific judicial review statute.'' \9\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \7\ See Jonathan R. Siegel, Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Sourcebook of Federal Judicial Review Statutes 33 (2021). \8\ 86 FR 53262 (Sept. 27, 2021). \9\ Id. at 53,262 n.7. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- In this Recommendation, the Conference revisits the principles that should guide Congress in choosing the appropriate forum for judicial review of agency rules and in drafting clear provisions that govern the choice of forum. While this Recommendation offers drafting advice to Congress, agencies may also find it useful in responding to congressional requests for technical assistance.\10\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \10\ See Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 2015-2, Technical Assistance by Federal Agencies in the Legislative Process, 80 FR 78161 (Dec. 16, 2015). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Determining the Court in Which To Seek Review Absent a statute providing otherwise, parties may seek judicial review of agency rules in a district court. Although this approach may be appropriate in some contexts, direct review by a court of appeals is often more appropriate. For one, district court proceedings are less necessary when an agency has already compiled an administrative record that is adequate for judicial review and further appeal of a district-court decision is likely. Allowing parties to choose the district court in which to seek review also creates opportunities for forum shopping to a greater extent than when review is sought in a court of appeals.\11\ For these and other reasons, Congress has in many contexts provided for direct review of agency rules in the courts of appeals. And in a minority of statutes, Congress has required parties to seek review in a single, specified tribunal. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \11\ See Mead, supra note 1; Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 80-5, Eliminating or Simplifying the ``Race to the Courthouse'' in Appeals from Agency Action, 45 FR 84954 (Dec. 24, 1980). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- In this Recommendation, the Conference generally reaffirms its earlier recommendations that Congress ordinarily should provide for direct review of agency rules by a court of appeals. The Conference believes that this principle is particularly important for rules promulgated through public notice and opportunity for comment. Such procedures produce a record that is conducive to review by an appeals court without need for additional development or factfinding, and drawing the line at rules promulgated after public notice and opportunity for comment provides a relatively clear jurisdictional rule. Avoiding Drafting Ambiguities Courts have faced two sources of ambiguity in interpreting choice-of-forum provisions which this Recommendation addresses.\12\ First, some statutes specify the forum for review of ``orders'' without specifying the forum for review of ``rules'' or ``regulations.'' This can lead to uncertainty regarding whether ``orders'' includes rules, particularly because the Administrative Procedure Act defines an ``order'' as any agency action other than a rule.\13\ Second, some statutes are unclear as to the forum in which a party may file an action challenging the validity of a rule. A lack of clarity may result from statutory silence or a choice-of- forum provision of uncertain scope. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \12\ The Committee on Judicial Review, from which this Recommendation arose, identified a third source of ambiguity: Many statutes are unclear as to whether choice-of-forum provisions regarding rules apply only to rules promulgated by an agency or whether they apply also to other rule-related actions such as delay or inaction in promulgating a rule or the grant or denial of a petition for rulemaking. This Recommendation does not address this ambiguity. The Committee on Judicial Review has suggested it for future study by the Conference. \13\ 5 U.S.C. 551(6). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- This Recommendation urges Congress, in drafting new or amending existing provisions governing the choice of forum for the review of rules,\14\ to avoid using the term ``orders'' to encompass rules; to state clearly the forum in which judicial review of rules is available; and to state clearly whether such provisions apply to rule-related actions other than the promulgation of a rule. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \14\ This Recommendation provides advice to Congress in drafting future statutes. It should not be read to address existing statutes. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Recommendation 1. When drafting a statute that provides for judicial review of agency rules, Congress ordinarily should provide that rules promulgated using notice-and-comment procedures are subject to direct review by a court of appeals. 2. When drafting a statute that provides for judicial review of agency actions, Congress should state explicitly whether actions taken under the statute are subject to review by a district court or, instead, subject to direct review by a court of appeals. If Congress intends to establish separate requirements for review of rules, as distinguished from other agency actions, it should refer explicitly to ``rules'' and not use the term ``orders'' to include rules. Administrative Conference Recommendation 2024-2 Individualized Guidance Adopted June 13, 2024 Agencies provide written guidance to help explain their programs and policies, announce interpretations of legal materials and how they intend to exercise their discretion, and communicate other important information to regulated entities, regulatory beneficiaries, and the broader public. When used appropriately, guidance documents--including what the Administrative Procedure Act (APA) calls general statements of policy and interpretive rules \1\--can be important instruments of administration and of great value to agencies and the public. The Administrative Conference has adopted numerous recommendations to help agencies use and develop guidance documents effectively and appropriately, to make them publicly available, and to ensure that such documents are well organized, up to date, and easily accessible.\2\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ 5 U.S.C. 553(b)(A). Some agencies define or use the term ``guidance'' to include materials that may not qualify as interpretive rules or policy statements under the APA. See Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 2019-3, Public Availability of Agency Guidance Documents, 84 FR 38931 (Aug. 8, 2019). \2\ See, e.g., Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 2022-3, Automated Legal Guidance, 87 FR 39798 (July 5, 2022); Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 2021-7, Public Availability of Inoperative Agency Guidance Documents, 87 FR 1718 (Jan. 12, 2022); Recommendation 2019-3, supra note 1; Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 2019-1, Agency Guidance Through Interpretive Rules, 84 FR 38,927 (Aug. 8, 2019); Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 2017-5, Agency Guidance Through Policy Statements, 82 FR 61734 (Dec. 29, 2017); Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 2014-3, Guidance in the Rulemaking Process, 79 FR 35992 (June 25, 2014); Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 92-2, Agency Policy Statements, 57 FR 30103 (July 8, 1992); Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 76-5, Interpretive Rules of General Applicability and Statements of General Policy, 41 FR 56769 (Dec. 30, 1976). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- [[Page 56278]] In many federal programs, individuals may request written guidance from an agency regarding how the law applies to a requester's specific circumstances.\3\ Such ``individualized guidance'' goes by a variety of names, including advisory opinions, opinion letters, and letters of interpretation.\4\ The Internal Revenue Service issues private letter rulings to provide tax law advice to taxpayers,\5\ for example, and the Securities and Exchange Commission issues no-action letters to provide advice regarding whether a product, service, or action may violate federal securities law.\6\ In some programs, the provision of individualized guidance is authorized by statute; in others, agencies offer individualized guidance on their own initiative as a public service. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \3\ This Recommendation does not cover guidance that is not requested by a member of the public, such as an agency warning letter explaining why the agency believes a regulated party is in violation of a law or regulation. \4\ This Recommendation does not attempt to situate individualized guidance within the APA's categories of ``rule,'' ``order,'' ``license,'' ``sanction,'' or ``relief,'' and it does not seek to define agency processes for providing individualized guidance as ``rulemaking'' or ``adjudication.'' See 5 U.S.C. 551. Individualized guidance is distinguished from declaratory orders, which agencies may issue in the context of an adjudication to ``terminate a controversy or remove uncertainty.'' 5 U.S.C. 554(e). Unlike most individualized guidance, declaratory orders are final agency actions and legally binding. See Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 2015-3, Declaratory Orders, 80 FR 78161 (Dec. 16, 2015). \5\ See Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 75-5, Internal Revenue Service Procedures: Taxpayer Services and Complaints, 41 FR 3986 (Jan. 27, 1976). \6\ See Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 70-2, SEC No- Action Letters Under Section 4 of the Securities Act of 1933, 1 ACUS 34 (1970). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agency practices vary in several key respects. Some individualized guidance is issued in a relatively formal manner (such as a signed letter on agency letterhead), while other individual guidance may be issued in relatively informal ways (such as in the body of an email).\7\ Some individualized guidance is reviewed and issued by agency heads or other senior officials, while other individualized guidance is prepared and issued by lower-level officials. Some individualized guidance has no legally binding effect on the agency or requester, while other such guidance may, for example, provide the requester with a defense to an agency enforcement action.\8\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \7\ This Recommendation does not address guidance provided orally. \8\ See generally Shalini Bhargava Ray, Individualized Guidance in the Federal Bureaucracy (June 4, 2024) (report to the Admin. Conf. of the U.S.). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Individualized guidance offers many benefits. It facilitates communication between an agency and requester, reduces uncertainty, promotes compliance, spurs useful transactions, and can be faster and less costly than other agency actions. For example, agencies may provide individualized guidance to help a regulated party better understand whether its conduct may be permissible, and this may limit the need for future enforcement action. In addition, making individualized guidance publicly available can inform other interested persons about how the agency evaluates issues that may affect them. At the same time, individualized guidance may raise concerns. Even if an agency does not intend to use individualized guidance to bind the public, requesters or others may nevertheless choose to follow the guidance strictly to limit the perceived risk of sanction in a future agency proceeding. Agencies also risk providing inconsistent guidance if they lack appropriate procedures for developing and reviewing it. In addition, some members of the public may lack equal access to processes for requesting individualized guidance or have limited opportunities to participate in processes for developing individualized guidance that affects them. These benefits can be increased, and these concerns addressed, through the best practices identified in this Recommendation. The Recommendation encourages agencies, when appropriate, to establish procedures for providing individualized guidance to members of the public. It identifies procedures agencies should use to process requests for such guidance fairly, efficiently, and accurately,\9\ and it encourages agencies to make the guidance available to agency personnel and the public. It cautions agencies not to treat individualized guidance as creating binding standards on the public but identifies circumstances in which agencies should consider allowing the public to rely on such guidance (that is, circumstances in which agencies should consider adhering to guidance that is favorable to a person in a subsequent agency proceeding despite the nonbinding character of the guidance). It also urges agencies to involve their ombuds offices in supplementing or improving guidance to the public.\10\ Finally, it addresses circumstances in which agencies should use individualized guidance to support development of general rules. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \9\ Paragraph 7(f) of this Recommendation urges agencies to describe any fees they charge for individualized guidance, including circumstances where they will waive or reduce such fees. Agencies should avoid charging fees for such guidance that would impose undue burdens on people of limited means. See Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 2023-8, User Fees, ] 3, 89 FR 1516 (Jan. 10, 2024) (recommending that agencies, as appropriate, should ``set forth procedures for waiving or reducing user fees that would cause undue hardship for low-income individuals, members of historically underserved communities, small businesses, and other small entities''). \10\ See also Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 2016-5, The Use of Ombuds in Federal Agencies, 81 FR 94316 (Dec. 23, 2016). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- This Recommendation recognizes the wide variation among the programs that agencies administer, the resources available to agencies, and the needs and preferences of persons with whom they interact. Agencies should account for these differences when implementing the best practices below and tailor their individualized guidance procedures accordingly. Recommendation Individualized Guidance Policies 1. To the extent of, and in a manner consistent with, their resources, priorities, and missions, agencies should respond to requests from members of the public for written guidance by providing individualized written guidance regarding how the law applies to requesters' specific circumstances. 2. Agencies should not treat individualized guidance as creating standards with which noncompliance may form an independent basis for action in matters that determine the rights and obligations of any member of the public. 3. Agencies should develop policies regarding whether and when it is appropriate to allow a requester or other individual to rely on individualized guidance. In so doing, agencies should consider factors including: a. The applicability of constitutional, statutory, or other authorities mandating or prohibiting a party's entitlement to rely on such guidance; b. The accuracy and completeness of the information the requester provided at the time it sought the guidance; c. The certainty of the relevant facts and law at the time the agency issued the guidance; d. Changes in facts or law after initial issuance of the guidance; e. The formality of the agency's individualized guidance procedure, including the position and authority of the agency officials involved in developing and issuing the guidance; f. Whether a person other than the requester of individualized guidance may rely on it, which might depend on the similarity of the person's circumstances to the requester's circumstances; and g. Whether allowing reliance is necessary to prevent significant hardship. 4. Agencies should explain in individualized guidance provided to requesters the extent to which requesters or others can rely on that guidance. 5. Even if agencies do not recognize a right for persons to rely on individualized guidance or encourage them to do so, agencies should, when appropriate and lawful, minimize hardships on persons who nevertheless acted in conformity with the guidance, such as by reducing or waiving any penalty for past noncompliance or taking enforcement action with solely prospective effect. 6. Agencies with ombuds offices should provide opportunities for members of the public to seek assistance from such offices to supplement individualized guidance or to resolve issues related to individualized guidance. Agencies should also involve such offices in efforts to improve agency policies and procedures related to individualized guidance. Individualized Guidance Procedures 7. Agencies should develop written procedures for requesting and issuing individualized guidance. Agencies should publish such procedures in the Federal Register and, as appropriate, codify them in the Code of Federal Regulations. Agencies [[Page 56279]] should also make the procedures publicly available on their websites and, if applicable, in other agency publications. The procedures should describe: a. How members of the public may submit requests for individualized guidance, including the office(s) or official(s) responsible for receiving requests; b. The type(s) of individualized guidance members of the public may request; c. Any matters that the agency will not address through individualized guidance, including the rationale for not providing guidance as to such matters; d. The information that the requester should include with the request for individualized guidance; e. Whether the agency will make individualized guidance and any related information (including the identity of the requester and information from the request) publicly available as described in paragraphs 10 through 13; f. Any fees the agency charges for providing individualized guidance, as well as any provisions for waivers of, exemptions from, or reduced rates for such fees; g. Any opportunities for public participation in the preparation of individualized guidance; h. The manner in which a response to a request for individualized guidance will be provided to the requester; i. To the extent practicable, the expected timeframe for responding to requests for individualized guidance; j. Whether requesters may seek review of individualized guidance by a higher-level official; and k. The agency's policy, developed as described in paragraph 3, regarding whether and when it is appropriate for a requester or other individual to rely on individualized guidance. 8. Agencies should develop procedures for agency personnel to manage and process requests for individualized guidance, including: a. Allowing for electronic submission of, and response to, requests; b. Creating methods for identifying and tracking requests; c. Maintaining past responses to requests in a manner that allows agency personnel to identify and consider them when developing responses to new requests that present similar or related issues; and d. Ensuring that relevant personnel receive training in the agencies' individualized guidance procedures. 9. In cases in which members of the public other than the requester are likely to have information relevant to the request or are likely to be significantly affected by the agency's action, agencies should consider soliciting public participation before issuing individualized guidance. Public Availability of Individualized Guidance 10. Absent substantial countervailing considerations, agencies should make publicly available on their websites any individualized guidance that affects, or may be of interest to, persons other than the requester, including regulated persons and regulatory beneficiaries. 11. When making individualized guidance available on their websites, agencies should, as appropriate: a. Identify the date, requester, and subject matter of the guidance; b. Identify the legal authority under which the guidance was issued and under what circumstances other parties may rely on the guidance; and c. Use other techniques to help the public find relevant information, such as indexing or tagging individualized guidance by general topic area. 12. When making individualized guidance publicly available, agencies should redact any information that is sensitive or otherwise protected from disclosure consistent with the Freedom of Information Act or other relevant information laws. 13. Agencies should keep individualized guidance on their websites current. If an agency modifies or rescinds a publicly available individualized guidance document, it should indicate on the face of the document that it has been modified or rescinded and direct readers to any successor guidance and any explanation for the modification or rescission. Accessibility of Individualized Guidance Materials 14. Agencies that provide individualized guidance should maintain a page on their websites that provides easy access to the procedures described in Paragraph 7, all individualized guidance that they make publicly available as described in paragraphs 10 through 13, and information about electronically submitting a request for individualized guidance. Use of Individualized Guidance in Aid of General Rulemaking 15. Agencies should periodically review individualized guidance to identify matters that may warrant the development of a general rule. Administrative Conference Recommendation 2024-3 Senate-Confirmed Officials and Administrative Adjudication Adopted June 13, 2024 Tens of thousands of federal agency officials participate in administrative adjudication. Most are members of the career civil service hired and supervised under the civil service laws. Several thousand, like administrative law judges (ALJs) and some administrative judges, are appointed by a department head.\1\ Some, like many agency heads, are appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate. It is to such ``PAS'' officials that federal laws typically assign authority to adjudicate matters, and it is PAS officials who--by rule, delegation of authority, and the development of norms, practices, and organizational cultures-- work with career civil servants and other officials to structure systems of administrative adjudication and oversee their operation, ensuring some measure of political accountability. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ See Lucia v. SEC, 585 U.S. 237 (2018). Under the Constitution's Appointments Clause, art. II section 2, cl. 2, ``Officers of the United States'' must be appointed through presidential nomination and Senate confirmation, except that ``Congress may by Law vest the Appointment of such inferior Officers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in the Courts of Law, or in the Heads of Departments.'' --------------------------------------------------------------------------- PAS officials often participate indirectly and directly in administrative adjudication. Indirectly, they may establish agency subunits and positions responsible for adjudicating cases. They may appoint and supervise adjudicators,\2\ and they may appoint and supervise, or oversee the appointment and supervision of, other adjudicative personnel. PAS officials may coordinate with the President and Congress to help ensure that adjudicative subunits have the resources they need to adjudicate cases in a fair, accurate, consistent, efficient, and timely manner.\3\ PAS officials may also establish rules of procedure and practice to structure administrative adjudication,\4\ and they may develop substantive rules that supply the law in adjudications. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\ See Lucia, 585 U.S. at 251 (holding that administrative law judges employed by the Securities and Exchange Commission are ``Officers of the United States'' and must be appointed in accordance with the Appointments Clause). \3\ See Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 2023-7, Improving Timeliness in Agency Adjudication, 89 FR 1513 (Jan. 10, 2024); Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 2021-10, Quality Assurance Systems in Agency Adjudication, 87 FR 1722 (Jan. 12, 2022). \4\ See, e.g., Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 2018-5, Public Availability of Adjudication Rules, 84 FR 2142 (Feb. 6, 2019); see also Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 2023-5, Best Practices for Adjudication Not Involving an Evidentiary Hearing, 89 FR 1509 (Jan. 10, 2024); Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 2016-4, Evidentiary Hearings Not Required by the Administrative Procedure Act, 81 FR 94314 (Dec. 23, 2016). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Additionally, PAS officials may participate directly in administrative adjudication, serving as the final, executive-branch decision makers in cases arising under the statutes they administer.\5\ Although questions regarding whether, when, and how PAS officials participate directly in the adjudication of cases are not new, they have gained new salience in recent years. Most notably, in United States v. Arthrex \6\ the Supreme Court held that a statute providing for the administrative resolution of certain patent disputes violated the Constitution's Appointments Clause by vesting final decisional authority in adjudicators in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office's Patent Trial and Appeal Board, whose members are neither PAS officials nor subject to at-will removal. The Court remedied the violation by holding unenforceable the statutory prohibition on the authority of a PAS official, the Director of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, to review the Board's decisions. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \5\ See Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 2020-3, Agency Appellate Systems, 86 FR 6618 (Jan. 22, 2021). \6\ 594 U.S. 1 (2021). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- While Congress has for some programs determined by statute whether, when, and how PAS officials participate directly in the adjudication of cases, for many programs Congress has given agencies the discretion to [[Page 56280]] develop procedures and practices that are effective and appropriate for the specific programs they administer. This Recommendation provides a framework to help agencies develop effective procedures and practices, when required or appropriate, for direct participation by PAS officials in the adjudication of individual cases. It does not address whether Congress or agencies should, for constitutional or other reasons, provide for direct participation by PAS officials in the adjudication of individual cases under specific programs. Nor does this recommendation address the broader question of whether and when agencies should develop policies through rulemaking, adjudication, setting enforcement priorities, or other means. Of course, Congress and agencies must pay careful attention to such questions and ensure that laws, rules, and policies comport with applicable legal requirements. To develop effective and appropriate procedures and practices, agencies must consider, in addition to applicable constitutional and statutory requirements, the characteristics of PAS officials and the potential consequences of such characteristics for fair, accurate, consistent, efficient, and timely adjudication. While there is wide variation among PAS positions and PAS officials, at least five characteristics commonly distinguish PAS positions and officials from other agency positions and officials, especially career civil servants. First, as the Administrative Conference has previously noted, there are often numerous vacancies in PAS positions.\7\ Frequent vacancies exist for several reasons, including delays related to the appointments process. When adjudicative functions are assigned to PAS positions, vacancies in those positions can affect the timeliness of adjudication. At some agencies, for example, vacancies or the lack of a quorum have resulted in long delays.\8\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \7\ See Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 2019-7, Acting Agency Officials and Delegations of Authority, 84 FR 71352 (Dec. 27, 2019). \8\ See Matthew A. Gluth, Jeremy S. Graboyes & Jennifer L. Selin, Participation of Senate-Confirmed Officials in Administrative Adjudication 40-42 (June 9, 2024) (report to the Admin. Conf. of the U.S.). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Second, there is relatively high turnover in PAS positions, and PAS officials almost always serve in their positions for a shorter time than career civil servants. Thus, PAS officials may lack preexisting relationships with agency employees, knowledge of agency processes, and the specialized adjudicative expertise that career adjudicators develop as a result of their work and experience in this area. Third, unlike career civil servants who are hired without regard to political affiliation, activity, or beliefs,\9\ PAS officials are often nominated by the President at least in part because of their political affiliation, activity, or beliefs. PAS officials are also subject to removal by the President, although a statute may impose for-cause or other limitations on their removal. Unlike officials appointed by a department head or the President alone, however, PAS officials are also confirmed by the Senate, which may make them more attentive to Congress than career agency officials. On the one hand, such exposure to politics may help ensure that agency decision making, including the development of policy through case-by-case adjudication, remains publicly accountable. And given their relationships with the President, other political appointees, and Congress, PAS officials may be well equipped to address systemic problems, identified through the adjudication of cases, that require intra- or interbranch coordination. On the other hand, the involvement of PAS officials in administrative adjudication may raise concerns about the impartiality and objectivity of agency decision making.\10\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \9\ 5 U.S.C. 2301. \10\ See Gluth, Graboyes & Selin, supra note 8 at 45-50. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Fourth, unlike career adjudicators, who are often appointed based on prior adjudicative or litigation experience,\11\ PAS officials are often appointed for other reasons such as prior experience in a particular industry or familiarity with a particular policy domain. PAS officials may have better access to substantive, subject-matter expertise than other agency decision makers, which may improve the quality of policies developed through case-by-case adjudication. On the other hand, they may lack experience or familiarity with the procedural aspects of administrative adjudication. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \11\ See Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 2019-2, Agency Recruitment and Selection of Administrative Law Judges, 84 FR 38930 (Aug. 8, 2019). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Fifth, PAS officials often sit atop agency hierarchies, and statutes often assign PAS officials, especially the heads of cabinet departments, a broad range of responsibilities, potentially including the administration of multiple programs and, under any given program, multiple functions (e.g., rulemaking, investigation, prosecution) in addition to adjudication. Such responsibilities can provide PAS officials with a unique opportunity to coordinate policymaking within and across programs, promote consistent decision making, and gain better awareness of the adjudicative and regulatory systems for which they are statutorily responsible. On the other hand, because PAS officials often face many competing demands on their time, they may have less practical capacity to devote to the adjudication of individual cases than other officials whose primary function is to adjudicate cases.\12\ Additionally, some have raised concerns in certain contexts that the combination of adjudication and enforcement functions (investigation and prosecution) in a single official may affect the integrity of agency proceedings and that the combination of adjudication and rulemaking functions in a single official may encourage the resolution of important legal and policy issues through case-by-case adjudication, even when general rulemaking offers a better mechanism for resolving such issues.\13\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \12\ See Gluth, Graboyes & Selin, supra note 8, at 52-56. \13\ See id. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Considering these and other characteristics, and consistent with statutory and regulatory requirements, agencies must determine whether participation by PAS officials in the adjudication of cases provides an effective mechanism for directing and supervising systems of administrative adjudication and, if it does, what procedures and practices will permit PAS officials to adjudicate cases in a manner that best promotes fairness, accuracy, consistency, efficiency, and timeliness. The Conference has addressed some of these issues in previous recommendations, most notably in Recommendation 68-6, Delegation of Final Decisional Authority Subject to Discretionary Review by the Agency; \14\ Recommendation 83-3, Agency Structures for Review of Decisions of Presiding Officers Under the Administrative Procedure Act; \15\ Recommendation 2018-4, Recusal Rules for Administrative Adjudicators; \16\ Recommendation 2020-3, Agency Appellate Systems; \17\ and Recommendation 2022-4, Precedential Decision Making in Agency Adjudication.\18\ Recognizing that agencies must consider applicable constitutional and statutory requirements and the unique characteristics of the programs they administer, this Recommendation builds on these earlier recommendations but focuses exclusively on identifying best practices to help agencies determine whether, when, and how PAS officials should participate directly in the adjudication of individual cases. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \14\ 38 FR 19783 (July 23, 1973). \15\ 48 FR 57461 (Dec. 30, 1983). \16\ 84 FR 2139 (Feb. 6, 2019). \17\ 86 FR 6618 (Jan. 22, 2021). \18\ 88 FR 2312 (Jan. 13, 2023). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Recommendation Determining Whether and When Officers Appointed by the President With the Advice and Consent of the Senate--PAS Officials--Should Participate in the Adjudication of Cases 1. When a statute authorizes a PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials to adjudicate matters arising under the statute, and such authority is delegable as a constitutional and statutory matter, the agency ordinarily should delegate to one or more non-PAS adjudicators responsibility for conducting initial proceedings (i.e., receiving and evaluating evidence and arguments and issuing a decision). PAS officials, individually or as a collegial body, should exercise their retained statutory authority to conduct initial proceedings ordinarily only if: a. A matter is exceptionally significant or broadly consequential, and they have the capacity personally to receive and evaluate evidence and arguments and issue a decision in a fair, accurate, consistent, efficient, and timely manner; or b. There are unlikely to be disputed issues of fact, the matter to be decided does not require taking much evidence, and resolution of the matter turns on qualitative judgments of a broad nature. 2. When a statute authorizes a PAS official or a collegial body of PAS officials to adjudicate matters arising under the statute or review lower-level decisions rendered by other adjudicators, and such authority is delegable as a constitutional and statutory [[Page 56281]] matter, the agency should determine in which types of cases it would be beneficial for a PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials to review lower-level decisions rendered by other adjudicators and in which it would be more appropriate to delegate final decision- making authority to a non-PAS official (e.g., an agency ``Judicial Officer'') or a collegial body of non-PAS officials (e.g., a final appellate board). If a PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials delegates final decision-making authority to other officials, they should adopt mechanisms to ensure adequate direction and supervision of decision makers exercising delegated authority. Circumstances in which it may be beneficial for an agency to provide for review by a PAS official or a collegial body of PAS officials include: a. Cases that involve legal or factual issues that are exceptionally significant or broadly consequential; b. Cases that involve a novel or important question of law, policy, or discretion, such that direct participation by one or more PAS officials would promote centralized or politically accountable coordination of policymaking; and c. When participation by one or more PAS officials in the adjudication of individual cases would promote consistent decision making by agency adjudicators. 3. When it would be beneficial to provide for review by a PAS official or a collegial body of PAS officials, the agency should, consistent with constitutional and statutory requirements, determine the appropriate structure for such review. Structural options include: a. Providing the only opportunity for administrative review of lower-level decisions. This option may be appropriate when caseloads are relatively low and individual cases frequently raise novel or important questions of law, policy, or discretion. b. Delegating first-level review authority to a non-PAS official, such as an agency ``Judicial Officer,'' or an appellate board and retaining authority to exercise second-level administrative review in exceptional circumstances. This option may be appropriate when caseloads are relatively high and individual cases only occasionally raise novel or important questions of law, policy, or discretion or have significant consequences beyond the parties to the case. c. Delegating final review authority to another PAS official. This option may be appropriate, for example, when individuals, by virtue of holding another PAS position, have greater access to subject-matter expertise or greater capacity to adjudicate cases in a fair, accurate, consistent, efficient, and timely manner. d. For collegial bodies of PAS officials, delegating first-level review authority to a single member or panel, and retaining authority for the collegial body as a whole to exercise second-level (and final) administrative review. This option may be appropriate when a collegial body manages a relatively high caseload and most individual cases do not raise novel or important questions of law, policy, or discretion or have significant consequences beyond the parties to the case. Initiating Review by PAS Officials 4. An agency ordinarily should provide that a decision subject to review by a PAS official or a collegial body of PAS officials becomes final and binding after a specified number of days unless, as applicable: a. A party or other interested person files a petition for review, if a statute entitles a party or other interested person to such review; b. A PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials exercises discretion to review the decision upon petition by a party or other interested person; c. A PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials exercises discretion to review the lower-level decision upon referral by the adjudicator or appellate board (as a body or through its chief executive or administrative officer) that issued the decision; d. A PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials exercises discretion to review the decision upon request by a federal official who oversees a program impacted by a decision, or his or her delegate; or e. A PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials exercises discretion to review the decision sua sponte. 5. When a PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials serves as a first-level reviewer, an agency should develop a policy for determining the circumstances in which such review may be exercised. Review may be warranted if there is a reasonable probability that: a. The adjudicator who issued the lower-level decision committed a prejudicial procedural error or abuse of discretion; b. The lower-level decision includes an erroneous finding of material fact; c. The adjudicator who issued the lower-level decision erroneously interpreted the law or agency policy; d. The case presents a novel or important issue of law, policy, or discretion; or e. The lower-level decision presents a recurring issue or an issue that agency adjudicators have decided in different ways, and the PAS official or officials can resolve the issue more accurately and efficiently through precedential decision making. 6. When a PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials serves as a second-level reviewer, an agency should determine the circumstances in which such review may be warranted. To avoid multilevel review of purely factual issues, the agency should limit second-level review by a PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials to circumstances in which there is a reasonable probability that: a. The case presents a novel or important issue of law, policy, or discretion; or b. The first-level reviewer erroneously interpreted the law or agency policy. 7. When agency rules permit parties or other interested persons to file a petition requesting that a PAS official or a collegial body of PAS officials review a lower-level decision and review is discretionary, the agency should require that petitioners explain in the petition why such review is warranted with reference to the grounds for review identified in Paragraph 5 or 6, as applicable. Agency rules should permit other parties or interested persons to respond to the petition or file a cross-petition. 8. An agency should provide that if a PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials, or a delegate, does not exercise discretion to grant a petition for review within a set time period, the petition is deemed denied. 9. In determining whether to provide for interlocutory review by a PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials of rulings by agency adjudicators, an agency should evaluate whether such review can be conducted in a fair, accurate, consistent, efficient, and timely manner, considering the best practices identified in Recommendation 71-1, Interlocutory Appeal Procedures. 10. When a PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials exercises discretion to review a lower-level decision (e.g., by granting a petition or accepting a referral), the agency should: a. Notify the parties; b. Provide a brief statement of the grounds for review; and c. Provide the parties a reasonable time to submit written arguments. PAS Official Review Process 11. A PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials who reviews a lower-level decision ordinarily should limit consideration to the evidence and legal issues considered by the adjudicator who issued that decision. The PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials should consider new evidence and legal issues, if at all, only if (a) the proponent of new evidence or a new legal issue shows that it is material to the outcome of the case and that, despite due diligence, it was not available when the record closed, or (b) consideration of a new legal issue is necessary to clarify or establish agency law or policy. In situation (a), the PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials should determine whether it would be more effective to consider the new evidence or legal issue or instead to remand the case to another adjudicator for further development and consideration. 12. An agency should provide a PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials discretion to permit oral argument on their own initiative or upon a party's request if doing so would assist the PAS official(s) in deciding the matter. 13. In cases when a PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials will decide a novel or important question of law, policy, or discretion, the agency should provide the PAS official(s) discretion to solicit arguments from interested members of the public, for example by inviting amicus participation, accepting submission of written comments, or holding a public hearing to receive oral comments. Integrity of the Decision-Making Process 14. To promote impartiality and the appearance of impartiality, each agency at which PAS officials participate in the adjudication of individual cases should have a process for determining if participation by a particular PAS official in a case would violate government-wide or agency-specific ethics standards and hence require recusal. Agencies should also have a process for determining if participation would raise other significant concerns, and if so, [[Page 56282]] determine whether and in what circumstances PAS officials should recuse themselves from participating in a case based on those concerns. Coordination of Policymaking and Decision Making by Agency Adjudicators 15. An agency ordinarily should treat decisions of PAS officials as precedential if they address novel or important issues of law, policy, or discretion, or if they resolve recurring issues or issues that other agency adjudicators have decided in different ways. Unless the agency treats all decisions of PAS officials as precedential, in determining whether and under what circumstances to treat such decisions as precedential, the agency should consider the factors listed in Paragraph 2 of Recommendation 2022-4, Precedential Decision Making in Agency Adjudication. 16. Each agency periodically should review petitions for review and decisions rendered by PAS officials to determine whether issues raised repeatedly indicate that the agency, its adjudicators, or the public may benefit from rulemaking or development of guidance. Adjudicative Support for PAS Officials 17. When a PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials adjudicates individual cases, agencies should assign or delegate case-related functions to non-PAS officials, when appropriate, including: a. Performing routine tasks such as managing dockets and case filings; managing proceedings, including the submission of materials and the scheduling of oral arguments; b. Responding to routine motions; c. Dismissing, denying, and granting petitions for review in routine circumstances when such action is clearly warranted, for example when a petition is untimely, a party requests to withdraw a petition, or the parties to a proceeding agree to a settlement; d. Conducting the preliminary review of lower-level decisions, evidence, and arguments; e. Conducting the preliminary evaluation of petitions for review and petitions for reconsideration; f. Identifying unappealed decisions that may warrant review by a PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials; g. Encouraging settlement and approving settlement agreements; h. Conducting legal and policy research; i. Recommending case dispositions; j. Preparing draft decisions and orders for review and signature by a PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials; k. Transmitting decisions and orders to parties and making them publicly available; and l. Staying decisions and orders pending reconsideration by a PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials or judicial review. 18. When a PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials adjudicates individual cases, the agency should determine which offices or officials are best suited to perform assigned or delegated functions such as those in paragraph 17 in a fair, accurate, consistent, efficient, and timely manner. Possibilities include: a. Adjudicators and staff who serve at an earlier level of adjudication; b. Full-time appeals counsel; c. Advisors to a PAS official; d. The chief legal officer or personnel under his or her supervision; and e. A Clerk or Executive Secretary or personnel supervised by such officials. In making such determinations, the agency should ensure adequate separation between personnel who support a PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials in an adjudicative capacity and those who support the PAS official(s) in an investigative or prosecutorial capacity. Transparency 19. Each agency should provide updated access on its website to decisions issued by PAS officials, whether or not designated as precedential, and associated supporting materials. In posting decisions, the agency should redact identifying details to the extent required to prevent an unwarranted invasion of personal privacy and any information that implicates sensitive or legally protected interests involving, among other things, national security, law enforcement, confidential business information, personal privacy, or minors. In indexing decisions on its website, the agency should clearly indicate which decisions are issued by PAS officials. 20. Each agency ordinarily should presume that oral arguments and other review proceedings before PAS officials are open to public observation. Agencies may choose to close such proceedings, in whole or in part, to the extent consistent with applicable law and if there is substantial justification to do so, as described in Recommendation 2021-6, Public Access to Agency Adjudicative Proceedings. Development and Publication of Procedures for Adjudication by PAS Officials 21. Each agency should publish procedural regulations governing the participation of PAS officials in the adjudication of individual cases in the Federal Register and codify them in the Code of Federal Regulations. These regulations should cover all significant procedural matters pertaining to adjudication by PAS officials. In addition to those matters identified in Paragraph 2 of Recommendation 2020-3, Agency Appellate Systems, such regulations should address, as applicable: a. Whether and, if so, which PAS officials may participate directly in the adjudication of cases; b. The level(s) of adjudication (e.g., hearing level, first- level appellate review, second-level appellate review) at which a PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials have or may assume jurisdiction of a case (see Paragraphs 1-3); c. Events that trigger participation by a PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials (see Paragraph 4); d. An exclusive, nonexclusive, or illustrative list of circumstances in which a PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials will or may review a decision or assume jurisdiction of a case, if assumption of jurisdiction or review is discretionary (see Paragraphs 5-6); e. The availability, timing, and procedures for filing a petition for review by a PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials, including any opportunity for interlocutory review, and whether filing a petition is a mandatory prerequisite to judicial review (see Paragraphs 7 and 9); f. The actions the agency may take upon receiving a petition (e.g., grant, deny, or dismiss it), and whether the agency's failure to act on a petition within a set period of time constitutes denial of the petition (see Paragraph 8); g. The form, contents, and timing of notice provided to the parties to a case when proceedings before a PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials are initiated (see Paragraphs 9-10); h. The record for decision making by a PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials and the opportunity, if any, to submit new evidence or raise new legal issues (see Paragraph 11); i. Opportunities for oral argument (see Paragraph 12); j. Opportunities for public participation (see Paragraph 13); k. The process for determining if participation by a PAS official in a case would violate government-wide or agency-specific ethics standards (see Paragraph 14); l. Circumstances, if any, in which PAS officials should recuse themselves from participating in a case for reasons not addressed in government-wide or agency-specific ethics standards, and the process for determining whether such circumstances are present (see Paragraph 14); m. The treatment of decisions by PAS officials as precedential (see Paragraph 15); n. Any significant delegations of authority to agency adjudicators; appellate boards; staff attorneys; clerks and executive secretaries; other support personnel; and, in the case of collegial bodies of PAS officials, members who serve individually or in panels consisting of fewer than all members (see Paragraphs 17- 18); o. Any delegations of review authority or alternative review procedures in effect when a PAS position is vacant or a collegial body of PAS officials lacks a quorum; and p. The public availability of decisions issued by PAS officials and supporting materials, and public access to proceedings before PAS officials (see Paragraphs 19-20). 22. An agency should provide updated access on its website to the regulations described in Paragraph 21 and all other relevant sources of procedural rules and related guidance documents and explanatory materials. Separate Statement for Administrative Conference Recommendation 2024-3 by Senior Fellow Christopher J. Walker and Public Member Melissa F. Wasserman Filed June 27, 2024 We are pleased to see the Administrative Conference adopt such an important and timely recommendation concerning best practices for agency-head review in administrative adjudication. We write separately to address that which the Administrative Conference prudentially chose not to: ``whether Congress or agencies [[Page 56283]] should, for constitutional or other reasons, provide for direct participation by [presidentially appointed, Senate-confirmed (PAS)] officials in the adjudication of individual cases under specific programs.'' Our answer is yes. Elsewhere, we have made the case for why the ``standard model'' for agency adjudication does and should include agency-head final decisionmaking authority. See Christopher J. Walker & Melissa F. Wasserman, The New World of Agency Adjudication, 107 Calif. L. Rev. 141 (2019). In our view, agency-head review is valuable because it assists the agency to make precedential policy, to increase consistency in adjudicative outcomes, to gain greater awareness of how a regulatory system is functioning, and to make the agency's adjudicatory efforts more politically accountable. Regardless of whether one is convinced by our normative arguments, agency-head review is likely now a constitutional requirement. If the Supreme Court did not so conclude in United States v. Arthrex, 594 U.S. 1 (2021), it came quite close. And the Court is bound to expressly embrace that constitutional rule in the near future. Accordingly, it would be wise for every agency--and Congress, where statutory fixes are required--to ensure some form of direct review by the agency head. As agencies (and Congress) revisit adjudication systems in light of this constitutional requirement, two parts of the Recommendation are worth underscoring. First, a constitutional requirement of agency-head final decisionmaking authority does not mean the agency head must review every decision in every case. Especially in higher-volume adjudication systems, agencies should design appellate systems to conduct such review, including the issuance of precedential decisions where appropriate. See generally Christopher J. Walker, Melissa Wasserman & Matthew Lee Wiener, Precedential Decision Making in Agency Adjudication (Dec. 6, 2022) (report to the Admin. Conf. of the U.S.); Christopher J. Walker & Matthew Lee Wiener, Agency Appellate Systems (Dec. 14, 2020) (report to the Admin. Conf. of the U.S.). In our view, such delegation of final decisionmaking authority would be constitutional under the Supreme Court's evolving approach to separation of powers so long as the agency head preserves the authority to intervene and issue a final decision when necessary. Second, it is critical, as the Recommendation advises, that ``the agency ordinarily should delegate to one or more non-PAS adjudicators responsibility for conducting initial proceedings (i.e., receiving and evaluating evidence and arguments and issuing a decision).'' Although the Administrative Procedure Act allows the agency head to preside over an evidentiary hearing, that is not--and should not be--the norm. The standard model for agency adjudication has two key structural features: the possibility of a final decision by a politically accountable agency head, as noted above, and an initial hearing and decision by a decisionally independent, tenure- protected agency adjudicator. See Aaron L. Nielson, Christopher J. Walker & Melissa F. Wasserman, Saving Agency Adjudication, 103 Tex. L. Rev. (forthcoming 2025). This standard model enables a specific method for political control of agency adjudication, which is both transparent and circumscribed. Importantly, it ensures that an impartial agency adjudicator compiles the administrative record and makes the initial findings and decision. In a world where the Constitution requires political control of final agency adjudication decisions, it becomes all the more important that the hearing-level adjudicator bases the initial decision on the law and a matter's individual facts--and not out of a fear of being fired or otherwise punished for not sharing the politics or policy preferences of the agency head. Separate Statement for Administrative Conference Recommendation 2024-3 by Public Member John F. Duffy, Joined by Public Members Jennifer B. Dickey, Jennifer L. Mascott, and Kate Todd Filed June 27, 2024 I respectfully dissent from the promulgation of this Recommendation. The Recommendation instructs agencies that, in many common circumstances, they ``should'' delegate adjudicative power downward into the bureaucracy--i.e., away from officers appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate (``PAS officials'') and toward agency officials not so appointed (``non- PAS'' officials). To make matters worse, the Recommendation tells agencies that they ``should'' limit review by PAS officials so that the lower-level officials will often have the last word in adjudicating many issues, including important factual determinations. The overall tenor of the Recommendation is, in my view, entirely too much in favor of pushing responsibility away from top agency officials (whose appointment process is controlled by the democratically accountable President and Senators) and toward a far less accountable set of lower-level officials in the bureaucracy. The Recommendation thereby encourages top officials to shun responsibility for the decisions of their agencies. In my view, a body such as ACUS--which is statutorily charged with helping formulate recommendations for action ``by proper authorities'' for ensuring that ``Federal responsibilities may be carried out expeditiously in the public interest'' (5 U.S.C. 591(1))--should be encouraging responsibility, not irresponsibility, at the very highest levels of government. The Recommendation's encouragement of the downward diffusion of power is particularly evident in six paragraphs. First, paragraph 1 tells agencies that they ``ordinarily should delegate'' to lower- level officials initial adjudicatory responsibilities, including the crucial functions of ``evaluating evidence'' and ``issuing a decision.'' Agencies may well be able lawfully to delegate powers downward into the bureaucracy, but it merely encourages the shirking of responsibility at the top to tell agencies that they ``should''-- indeed, ``should ordinarily''--delegate so as to empower an unaccountable or tenuously accountable bureaucracy. To make matters worse, paragraph 1 goes further to recommend that top-level PAS officials ``should'' exercise initial adjudicative authority ``only if'' a case presents one of two uncommon circumstances, namely, (i) where the matter is ``exceptionally significant or broadly consequential'' or (ii) ``[t]here are unlikely to be disputed issues of fact.'' Thus, the suggested limit on top agency officials engaging in crucial adjudicatory functions such as ``evaluating evidence'' should be limited, outside of ``exceptionally significant or broadly consequential'' circumstances, to those cases where there's very little adjudication of evidence to do. That's not merely permitting higher officials to shun responsibility. It's telling those officials that they ``should'' do so and that any attempts to take back adjudicatory power from the bureaucratic depths ``should'' occur ``only'' in highly unusual and exceptional times. Second, paragraph 2 continues the pro-delegation push by encouraging agencies to enact policies that, in some class of cases, would ``delegate final decision-making authority to a non-PAS official (e.g., an agency ``Judicial Officer'') or a collegial body of non-PAS officials (e.g., a final appellate board).'' I think the class of such cases should be the null set. In fact, legally it is the null set. Even where agency rules appear to delegate ``final'' decisional power to lower-level officials, such delegations can be undone at any time and in any case. Procedural agency rules (i.e., those governing ``agency organization, procedure, or practice'') can be repealed in the blink of an eye--without either notice-and- comment rulemaking or a 30-day waiting period to take effect. See 5 U.S.C. 553(c) & (d). Thus, even if an agency previously enacted rules purporting to delegate ``final'' authority to non-PAS officers, such a delegation is an illusion because, under the Constitution, some PAS officer must ``have the discretion to review decisions'' so that ``the President remains responsible for the exercise of executive power.'' United States v. Arthrex, 594 U.S. 1, 27 (2021). Agencies that follow this ACUS Recommendation and purport to delegate final power down into the bureaucracy are merely misleading the public by disguising the lines of ultimate authority that must remain in the control of PAS officers. Third, paragraph 5 suffers from a different flaw than the one in paragraphs 1 and 2. While paragraphs 1 and 2 encourage agencies to delegate responsibility downward, paragraph 5 is insufficiently aggressive in instructing agencies when, if power is delegated, review by high-level officers should occur. The Recommendation states that agencies should promulgate policies concerning where such high-level review ``may be exercised'' and that review ``may be warranted'' in several circumstances. In my view, the permissive word ``may'' is precisely wrong. The paragraph should be phrased in terms of ``should'' and not merely ``may.'' A quick review of the circumstances where the Recommendation tells agencies that review ``may be warranted'' demonstrates the point. Where a ``lower-level decision includes an erroneous finding of material [[Page 56284]] fact'' or ``erroneously interpreted the law or agency policy,'' the higher-level PAS officers in the agency really should intervene and correct the lower-level decision. This ACUS recommendation tells high level agency officers that they ``may'' want to review such decisions, but it's not really necessary to do so. The paragraph is thus consistent with the overall thrust of the Recommendation to push power down into the bureaucracy and to diffuse responsibility, but it's also utterly inconsistent with a Constitution designed to foster transparency, responsibility and accountability at the highest levels of the Executive Branch. Fourth, paragraph 6 continues the theme of encouraging agencies to curtail higher-level review and responsibility. Where PAS officers serve as ``second-level'' reviewers, this paragraph encourages agencies once again to promulgate policies concerning circumstances in which review ``may be warranted,'' and it then tells agencies that they ``should'' limit second-level review of factual issues to two narrow sets of circumstances: (i) where ``[t]he case presents a novel or important issue of law, policy, or discretion,'' and (ii) where ``[t]he first-level reviewer erroneously interpreted the law or agency policy.'' Importantly, neither of those two circumstances involve incorrect factual determinations. Thus, in a garden-variety case in which the lower-level decision does not get the law or policy wrong, but the supervising PAS officers believes the lower-level decision may be wildly wrong on the facts, this paragraph recommends that agencies ``should limit'' the review in order to ``avoid multilevel review of purely factual issues.'' For a party aggrieved by a lower-level decision that poorly adjudicated the facts, this paragraph encourages supervising PAS officers to tell the aggrieved party ``too bad--the buck stops at the lower-level official.'' Fifth, while paragraph 11 has a meritorious general goal of preventing parties from withholding evidence and arguments from a lower-level adjudicator where power is delegated downward, it is too restrictive in the set of circumstances in which new matters might be considered by the higher-level official. The first sentence of the paragraph 11 states the unobjectionable principle that higher- level officials engaging in review of a lower-level decision ``ordinarily should limit consideration to the evidence and legal issues considered by the adjudicator who issued that decision.'' That's ``ordinarily'' a good rule, but the next sentence purports to limit exceptions to the ordinary rule to two circumstances ``only.'' Indeed, the sentence emphasizes exceptions begrudgingly, stating that PAS officials should consider new evidence and legal issues ``if at all'' only in the two circumstances set forth. Once again, the tenor of the Recommendation is to restrict the power of higher- level officers to limited categories. That's the wrong approach. Higher-level officers should be told in clear terms that they bear ultimate responsibility for their agencies' actions and that they should engage in all the review they deem necessary in order to make sure that they are comfortable bearing that responsibility. Sixth, paragraph 17 closes out the pro-delegation theme of the Recommendation by advising that, even where PAS officers do adjudicate individual cases, agencies ``should'' delegate certain case-related functions to non-PAS officials. Some of those case- related functions are truly mechanical, such as ``[t]ransmitting decisions and orders to parties and making them publicly available,'' but many are much more important, such as ``[c]onducting legal and policy research,'' ``[r]ecommending case dispositions,'' and ``[p]reparing draft decisions and orders for review and signature by a PAS official or collegial body of PAS officials.'' Research into law and policy and the subsequent drafting of decisions are crucial functions of adjudication, and the high-level PAS officers in an agency should be afforded the time and resources to perform those functions. They should not be relegated merely to supplying the ``signature'' to validate decisions researched and drafted by others. President Harry Truman famously had a sign on his desk reading: ``The buck stops here!'' See https://www.trumanlibrary.gov/education/trivia/buck-stops-here-sign (setting forth images of Truman's wooden desk sign). That principle is not merely folksy wisdom; it has constitutional dimension. As the Supreme Court recently reaffirmed in United States v. Arthrex, the Take Care Clause and other features of Article II require that the President be ``responsible for the actions of the Executive Branch'' and that he ``cannot delegate [that] ultimate responsibility or the active obligation to supervise that goes with it.'' 594 U.S. 1, 11 (2021) (internal quotations omitted). A corollary of that principle is that, as the Arthrex decision confirms, high-level PAS officers cannot be relieved of ``responsibility for the final decisions'' of the subordinate officers under their supervision. Id. at 15. In short, the tenor of the Arthrex decision is to prevent the diffusion of responsibility deep into the bureaucracy. For decisions within an Executive agency, the buck has to stop with the PAS officers and, ultimately, with the President who has to bear ultimate responsibility. The thrust of this ACUS Recommendation is the exact reverse of those principles. High-level PAS officers are encouraged to push down adjudicatory responsibility and then to limit their review of the resulting lower-level decisions. That's a charter for the diffusion of power in the depths of the bureaucracy, and the very opposite of responsible administration within the Executive Branch. Separate Statement for Administrative Conference Recommendation 2024-3 by Public Member Jennifer L. Mascott Filed June 28, 2024 I signed onto the concerns raised by Professor John Duffy and joined by Kate Todd and Jenn Dickey because the Appointments Clause requirements of Article II of the U.S. Constitution are an important constraint ensuring that government officials exercise authority in a way that is accountable back to elected officials and ultimately the American public. Therefore, under the Appointments Clause, ``officers of the United States'' who exercise that authority must be selected by the President subject to Senate consent or by the President alone, a department head, or a court of law. U.S. Const. art. II, section 2, clause 2 (``He . . . shall appoint Ambassadors, other public Ministers and Consuls, Judges of the supreme Court, and all other Officers of the United States, whose Appointments are not herein otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by Law: but the Congress may by Law vest the Appointment of such inferior Officers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in the Courts of Law, or in the Heads of Departments.''). This ACUS recommendation inverts that hierarchy by recommending that decisions be pushed lower into the administrative bureaucracy rather than ensuring that appointed officials must take responsibility for the outcomes of executive adjudication. Today the United States Supreme Court recognized the importance of this democratic accountability structure by removing certain decisions from adjudicators within the Securities and Exchange Commission, noting that common-law securities fraud claims must be resolved by Article III courts with jury trial protections. See SEC v. Jarkesy, __S. Ct. __(2024). In instances where common law judicial authority is being exercised in adjudication, the Article III presidentially appointed judicial, and jury system, must resolve those claims at the federal level. In instances of executive adjudication, ultimately the President must take responsibility for final outcomes by supervising officers whose nomination and appointment he oversees and directs. Congress further has a role by constitutionally being required to create the offices those decisionmakers fill. Therefore, I respectfully dissent from the June 2024 ACUS Recommendation addressing the Participation of Senate-Confirmed Officials in Administrative Adjudication. Administrative Conference Recommendation 2024-4 Managing Congressional Constituent Service Inquiries Adopted June 13, 2024 Since the country's earliest years, constituent services have been a cornerstone of the representational activities of members of Congress. Thousands of people each year contact their elected representatives for help accessing federal programs or navigating adjudicative and other similar administrative processes. Elected representatives and their staff often submit requests to federal agencies on behalf of their constituents in such situations. This Recommendation refers to such requests as constituent service, or ``casework,'' \1\ requests. In most circumstances, the resolution of an individual's issue should not require the assistance of the individual's elected [[Page 56285]] representative or his or her staff.\2\ However, these casework requests often appear to be helpful in ensuring appropriate agency action. For agencies, congressional casework requests may reveal broader, systemic problems with their policies and procedures. For Congress, casework requests may also play an important role in oversight of executive-branch agencies, allowing members of Congress to gain greater awareness of the operation and performance of the programs Congress authorizes and funds. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ This Recommendation and the best practices it identifies are intended to assist agencies with improving their management and resolution of congressional casework requests. Agency management of congressional requests directed towards programmatic or policy oversight is beyond the scope of this Recommendation. \2\ Many agencies provide avenues for members of the public to seek assistance or redress of grievances directly from the agency, such as through agency ombuds. See Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 2016-5, The Use of Ombuds in Federal Agencies, 81 FR 94316 (Dec. 23, 2016). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Today, every member of Congress employs ``caseworkers,'' both in Washington, DC, and in local offices, who help constituents with requests ranging from the simple, such as assistance with government forms, to the complex, such as correcting errors in veterans' service records. While nearly all agencies receive congressional casework requests, the agencies most frequently contacted include the Department of Veterans Affairs, Internal Revenue Service, Social Security Administration, Department of State, and U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services.\3\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \3\ See Sean J. Kealy, Congressional Constituent Service Inquiries 20 (June 5, 2024) (report to the Admin. Conf. of the U.S.). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Agencies have developed practices for receiving, processing, and responding to requests and interacting with congressional caseworkers. There is significant variation in these practices across a number of dimensions. Organization: Some agencies assign responsibility for managing casework requests to a centralized congressional liaison office, while others assign that responsibility to regional offices and staff that are empowered to work directly with caseworkers located in members' state or district offices. Technology: Some agencies continue to use ad hoc, legacy systems to receive, process, and respond to casework requests, while others employ new technologies like internal electronic case management systems \4\ and public-facing, web-based portals \5\ to receive, process, and respond to casework requests in a more accurate, efficient, transparent, and timely manner. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \4\ Cf. Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 2018-3, Electronic Case Management in Federal Administrative Adjudication, 83 FR 30686 (June 29, 2018). \5\ Cf. Admin. Conf. of the U.S., Recommendation 2023-4, Online Process in Agency Adjudication, 88 FR 42682 (July 3, 2023). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Procedures: Many agencies have developed standard operating procedures (SOPs) for managing casework requests and made them available to caseworkers and the public. These SOPs vary widely in their content, scope, and level of detail. Some agencies have also produced handbooks and other informational materials like flowcharts and plain-language summaries of their SOPs to educate and assist caseworkers. Agencies are also subject to differing legal requirements that affect when, how, and what agency personnel can communicate to congressional caseworkers in responding to a casework request. These legal requirements, including the Privacy Act of 1974 and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 typically bar agencies from sharing records or information that contain protected or personally identifiable information with congressional caseworkers unless the constituent provides an executed expression of consent.\6\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \6\ See Kealy supra note 3, at 11-12. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Recognizing the unique and important role that constituent services play in agency-congressional relations and congressional oversight of federal programs, this Recommendation offers best practices to help agencies receive, process, and respond to congressional casework requests in an accurate, efficient, transparent, and timely manner. Of course, agencies differ with respect to the volume of casework requests they receive, the communities they serve, their operational needs, their statutory requirements, and the resources available to them. This Recommendation recognizes that when adopting or reviewing practices for receiving, processing, and responding to casework requests and interacting with congressional caseworkers, agencies may need to tailor these best practices to their unique circumstances. Recommendation Adopting Standard Operating Procedures 1. Agencies, especially those that receive a large volume of congressional casework requests, should develop standard operating procedures (SOPs) for tracking and managing such requests. Topics that SOPs should address include, as appropriate: a. The agency office(s) or title(s) of personnel responsible for receiving, processing, and responding to congressional casework requests and interacting with congressional caseworkers, and the responsibilities of such office(s) or personnel; b. The procedure by which congressional caseworkers should submit casework requests to the agency, including releases, waivers, or other documentation required by law; c. The procedure by which agency personnel receive, process, and respond to requests, including: (i) intra-agency assignments of responsibility for the preparation, review, and approval of draft responses; (ii) constraints on agency personnel's ability to provide information in response to a casework request; (iii) circumstances in which a casework request should be elevated for review by program or agency leadership; and (iv) the process by which agency personnel responsible for handling casework requests communicate with other agency personnel, including ombuds, when working to resolve a casework request, consistent with ex parte rules; d. The agency's use of electronic case management or other systems employed for managing casework requests and status updates, including the use of a trackable unique identifier such as a docket number or case number (see Paragraph 6); e. The agency's procedures for monitoring the progress of responses to each casework request (see Paragraphs 10-11); f. The major legal requirements, if any, that may restrict the agency's ability to provide information to a congressional caseworker; g. The types of communications that the agency provides to congressional caseworkers upon receiving a casework request (e.g., a notice acknowledging receipt), while processing a request (e.g., periodic status updates), and in responding to a request (e.g., a letter, email, or other communication that explains action taken by the agency to resolve the request); h. Circumstances in which agency personnel will prioritize certain casework requests, including on a temporary basis to address emergencies, and how the agency's processing of prioritized requests differs from its handling of non-prioritized requests; i. The kinds of assistance or relief that the agency can and cannot provide in response to a casework request; and j. Performance goals and measures for responding to casework requests (see Paragraph 9). 2. Agencies should make their SOPs on matters described in Paragraphs 1(a)-1(i) publicly available on their websites as a single, consolidated document along with plain-language materials that succinctly summarize them. 3. Agencies should provide regular training designed for both new and experienced agency personnel involved in receiving, processing, and responding to congressional casework requests to ensure their familiarity and compliance with agency SOPs. Managing Casework Requests 4. Agencies should not automatically close out incoming casework requests that do not include information or documentation required for the request to be processed. Instead, agency personnel should notify congressional caseworkers that their submissions are incomplete and cooperate with the congressional caseworkers' efforts to remedy the deficiency. 5. When agencies complete a casework request, they should provide written notice to the congressional caseworker or office, unless the caseworker or office has indicated that no written response is necessary. Using Technology To Streamline Request Management and Resolution 6. Consistent with their resources, agencies that receive a large volume of congressional casework requests should adopt systems, such as electronic case management systems and web-based portals, to receive, process, and respond to requests in an accurate, efficient, transparent, and timely manner. Such systems should allow agency personnel to receive, process, and respond to casework requests consistent with established SOPs and allow managers to monitor the status of requests and evaluate key performance goals and measures. 7. When considering adoption or development of an electronic case management system or web-based portal, [[Page 56286]] agencies should consult with similarly situated agencies or units with particular expertise that may be able to share lessons learned during the adoption or development of similar systems. 8. In developing and modifying electronic case management systems and web-based portals, agencies should solicit feedback and suggestions for improvement from agency managers and personnel and, as appropriate, congressional caseworkers. Measuring Agency Performance 9. Agencies should adopt performance goals for processing congressional casework requests and, for each goal, objective measures that use data collected consistent with Paragraph 10 to evaluate whether agency personnel are processing and responding to congressional casework requests successfully. 10. Agencies should collect data (to the extent possible, in a structured format) to allow managers to track and evaluate, as applicable: a. Processing times for casework requests; b. The congressional offices or caseworkers from which requests originate; c. Agency actions taken in response to casework requests; d. The nature, timing, and substance of communications between agency personnel and members of Congress and their caseworkers regarding specific casework requests; e. The frequency with which members of Congress and their caseworkers resubmit the same request, for example, because the agency prematurely closed a previous request without fully responding to the caseworker's inquiry, and the reason(s) for the resubmission; f. Training and other assistance that agency personnel provide to members of Congress and their caseworkers regarding casework generally; g. The identities and roles of agency personnel who work on casework requests; and h. Any other data the agency determines to be helpful in assessing the performance of their processes for receiving, processing, and responding to casework requests. 11. Agencies should evaluate on an ongoing basis whether they are meeting performance goals for processing congressional casework requests and, as appropriate, identify internal or external factors affecting their performance, identify opportunities for improvement, and predict future resource needs. 12. Agencies periodically should reassess performance goals and measures, and update them as needed, to ensure that they continue to serve as accurate indicators of good performance consistent with available resources, agency priorities, and congressional expectations. Additionally, agencies periodically should reassess their data collection practices and update them as needed to ensure managers can track and evaluate performance accurately over time. 13. Senior agency officials regularly should consider whether issues raised in congressional casework requests indicate broader policy issues or procedural hurdles facing members of the public which the agency should address. Communicating Effectively With Congress 14. Agencies should foster strong working relationships with congressional caseworkers and maintain open lines of communication to provide information to and receive input from caseworkers on agency procedures and facilitate efficient resolution of casework requests. Options for fostering such relationships include: a. Providing a point of contact to whom caseworkers can direct questions about individual casework requests or casework generally; b. Maintaining a centralized web page on the agency's website, consistent with Paragraph 2, where caseworkers can access the agency's SOPs; any plain language materials that succinctly summarize the agency's SOPs; and any releases, waivers, or other documentation that caseworkers must submit with requests; c. Providing training or other events--in person in Washington, DC, or regionally, or online in a live or pre-recorded format-- through which agency personnel can share information with congressional caseworkers about the agency's procedures for receiving, processing, and responding to congressional casework requests (and, for agencies that frequently receive a high volume of casework requests, holding these events regularly and either in person or live online, to the extent practicable, in a manner that facilitates receipt of user experience feedback); d. Participating in training or other casework-focused events organized by other agencies and congressional offices, including the Office of the Chief Administrative Officer of the House of Representatives and the Senate's Office of Education and Training; and e. Organizing periodic, informal meetings with congressional offices and caseworkers with whom the agency regularly interacts to answer questions. 15. Agencies periodically should solicit input and user experience-related feedback from congressional caseworkers on the timeliness and accuracy of agencies' responses to casework requests. 16. When communicating with congressional caseworkers in the course of receiving, processing, or responding to casework requests, agencies should ensure that each communication identifies, as appropriate, any applicable legal constraints on the agency's ability to provide the information or assistance requested. 17. Congress should consider directing its training or administrative offices, such as the Office of the Chief Administrative Officer of the House of Representatives and the Senate's Office of Education and Training, to create a web page that consolidates links to agencies' SOPs in one place for ready access by congressional caseworkers. Agencies should cooperate with any such effort, including by alerting the designated offices to any changes to the web page at which their SOPs may be accessed. [FR Doc. 2024-14981 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6110-01-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:58.122606

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15031

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56286-56287] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15031] ======================================================================= ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Food and Nutrition Service Food Distribution Program: Value of Donated Foods from July 1, 2024 Through June 30, 2025 AGENCY: Food and Nutrition Service, USDA. ACTION: Notice. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: This notice announces the national average value of donated foods or, where applicable, cash in lieu of donated foods, to be provided in school year 2025 (July 1, 2024 through June 30, 2025) for each lunch served by schools participating in the National School Lunch Program (NSLP), and for each lunch and supper served by institutions participating in the Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP). DATES: Implementation date: July 1, 2024. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ruth Decosse, Program Analyst, Policy Branch, SNAS Policy Division, Food and Nutrition Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1320 Braddock Place, Alexandria, VA 22314, or telephone 703-305-2746. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: These programs are located in the Assistance Listings under Nos. 10.555 and 10.558 and are subject to the provisions of Executive Order 12372, which requires intergovernmental consultation with State and local officials. (See 7 CFR part 3015, subpart V, and final rule related notice published at 48 FR 29114, June 24, 1983.) This notice imposes no new reporting or recordkeeping provisions that are subject to Office of Management and Budget review in accordance with the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3507). This action is not a rule as defined by the Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601-612) and thus is exempt from the provisions of that Act. This notice was reviewed by the Office of Management and Budget under Executive Order 12866. Pursuant to the Congressional Review Act (5 U.S.C. 801 et seq.), the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs designated this rule as not a major rule, as defined by 5 U.S.C. 804(2). National Average Minimum Value of Donated Foods for the Period July 1, 2024 Through June 30, 2025 This notice implements mandatory provisions of sections 6(c) and 17(h)(1)(B) of the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act (the Act) (42 U.S.C. 1755(c) and 1766(h)(1)(B)). Section 6(c)(1)(A) of the Act establishes [[Page 56287]] the national average value of donated food assistance to be given to States for each lunch served in the NSLP at 11.00 cents per meal. Pursuant to section 6(c)(1)(B), this amount is subject to annual adjustments on July 1 of each year to reflect changes in a three-month average value of the Producer Price Index for Foods Used in Schools and Institutions for March, April, and May each year (Price Index). Section 17(h)(1)(B) of the Act provides that the same value of donated foods (or cash in lieu of donated foods) for school lunches shall also be established for lunches and suppers served in the CACFP. Notice is hereby given that the national average minimum value of donated foods, or cash in lieu thereof, per lunch under the NSLP (7 CFR part 210) and per lunch and supper under the CACFP (7 CFR part 226) shall be 30.00 cents for the period July 1, 2024 through June 30, 2025. The Price Index is computed using five major food components in the Bureau of Labor Statistics Producer Price Index (cereal and bakery products; meats, poultry, and fish; dairy; processed fruits and vegetables; and fats and oils). Each component is weighted using the relative weight as determined by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The value of food assistance is adjusted each July 1 by the annual percentage change in a three-month average value of the Price Index for March, April, and May each year. The three-month average of the Price Index increased by 1.74 percent from 259.15 for March, April, and May of 2023 as previously published in the Federal Register, to 263.66 for the same three months in 2024. When computed on the basis of unrounded data and rounded to the nearest one-quarter cent, the resulting national average for the period July 1, 2024 through June 30, 2025 will be 30.00 cents per meal. This is an increase of one-half (\1/2\) cents from the school year 2024 (July 1, 2023 through June 30, 2024) rate. Authority: Sections 6(c)(1)(A) and (B), 6(e)(1), and 17(h)(1)(B) of the Richard B. Russell National School Lunch Act (42 U.S.C. 1755(c)(1)(A) and (B) and (e)(1), and 1766(h)(1)(B)). Cynthia Long, Administrator, Food and Nutrition Service. [FR Doc. 2024-15031 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3410-30-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:58.170499

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14962

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56287-56288] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14962] ======================================================================= ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Census Bureau [Docket Number: 240613-0160] X-RIN 0607-XC076 Establishment of the 2030 Census Redistricting Data Program AGENCY: Census Bureau, Department of Commerce ACTION: Notice of program. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: This notice announces and seeks comments on the establishment of the 2030 Census Redistricting Data program. Required by law, the program provides the States the opportunity to specify the geographic areas for which they wish to receive 2030 Census population totals for the purpose of reapportionment and redistricting. DATES: Comments on this notice are due by August 8, 2024. The program is expected to begin with the solicitation of official liaisons from the states in early 2025. ADDRESSES: Comments may be submitted by either of the following methods: Electronic submission: Submit electronic public comments via the Federal eRulemaking Portal. 1. Go to www.regulations.gov and enter Docket Number USBC-2024-0016 in the search field. 2. Click the ``Comment Now!'' icon and complete the required fields. 3. Enter or attach your comments. By email: Comments in electronic form may also be sent to [email protected]. All comments responding to this document will be a matter of public record. Relevant comments will generally be available on the Federal eRulemaking Portal at https://www.Regulations.gov. The Census Bureau will not accept comments accompanied by a request that part or all of the material be treated confidentially for any reason. Therefore, do not submit confidential business information or otherwise sensitive, protected, or personal information, such as account numbers, Social Security numbers, or names of other individuals. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: James Whitehorne--Chief, Redistricting and Voting Rights Data Office, c/o Census ADDC Mailbox, U.S. Census Bureau, 4600 Silver Hill Road, Washington, DC 20233 or by email to [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Under the provisions of title 13, section 141(c) of the United States Code (U.S.C.), the Secretary of Commerce (Secretary) is required to provide the ``officers or public bodies having initial responsibility for the legislative apportionment or districting of each state'' with the opportunity to specify geographic areas (e.g., census tabulation blocks, voting districts) for which they wish to receive decennial census population counts for the purpose of reapportionment or redistricting. The same statute requires the Secretary to furnish the state officials or their designees with population counts for standard census tabulation areas (e.g., state, congressional district, state legislative district, American Indian area, county, city, town, census tract, census block group, and census tabulation block) and voting districts (if provided by the state) by April 1 of the year following the decennial census. The Secretary has delegated these responsibilities to the Director of the Census Bureau (Director). In accordance with the provisions of 13 U.S.C. 141(c), via this notice the Director announces the establishment of the 2030 Census Redistricting Data Program (RDP). In early 2025, the Census Bureau plans to invite the executive officer and the officers or public bodies having initial responsibility for legislative reapportionment and redistricting in each state to agree on and jointly identify a non- partisan liaison(s) who will work directly with the Census Bureau on the RDP. Once these liaisons are established, the Census Bureau will communicate to each state through their non-partisan liaison(s) the specific requirements of their participation. Under 13 U.S.C. 141(c), RDP participation is voluntary. However, if states choose not to participate, the Census Bureau cannot ensure that the 2030 Census tabulation geography will support the redistricting needs of those states. The Census Bureau is proposing to structure the 2030 RDP into five phases, similar to how the program was structured for the 2020 Census. Phase 1: Block Boundary Suggestion Project (BBSP) In late 2025, the Census Bureau plans to formally announce the commencement of Phase 1: Block Boundary Suggestion Project (BBSP) through a Federal Register notice. The purpose of the BBSP is to afford states the opportunity to identify non-standard features often used as electoral boundaries (such as power lines, property lines, or streams) that could be used in conjunction with more traditional features (such as street centerlines) as census tabulation block [[Page 56288]] boundaries. The state liaison can identify and suggest that some of these features be used as 2030 census tabulation block boundaries, resulting in more meaningful tabulation block data for the state. The liaison may work with local officials, including county election officers and others, to ensure local geography is represented in the 2030 census tabulation block inventory. In addition, the liaison may make suggestions for features not desirable as census tabulation block boundaries. Beginning in early 2026, the Census Bureau plans to provide to states that choose to participate in Phase 1 the guidelines and training for providing their suggestions for the 2030 census tabulation block boundaries as well as their suggestions for exclusion of line segments for consideration in the final 2030 census tabulation block boundary inventory. States will also have the opportunity to review legal boundaries such as incorporated place, American Indian area, and county boundaries, in coordination with the annual Boundary and Annexation Survey (BAS) program. Incorporating the opportunity for states to review legal boundaries was successfully implemented for the first time in the 2020 RDP and proved valuable as these legal boundaries also become census tabulation block boundaries. The Census Bureau plans to process all tabulation block boundary suggestions and provide state liaisons the opportunity to verify them in early 2027. Phase 2: Voting District Project (VTDP) In late 2027, the Census Bureau plans to formally announce the commencement of Phase 2: Voting District Project (VTDP) through a Federal Register notice. The VTDP will provide the state liaisons the opportunity to submit and verify their voting districts (a generic term used to represent areas that administer elections such as precincts, election districts, and wards) to the Census Bureau for inclusion in the 2030 Census Redistricting Data (Pub. L. 94-171) products (tabulated data and geographic products). Beginning in early 2028, the Census Bureau plans to begin the initial voting district update cycle, providing to states that choose to participate guidelines and training for submitting their voting district boundaries. The Census Bureau will process the updates and provide states two opportunities to verify the updates were processed correctly. The first verification cycle is planned for early 2029. The second verification cycle, planned for early 2030, will only be available to states that participated in the initial update cycle or the first verification cycle. State liaisons will also continue to have the opportunity to make census tabulation block boundary suggestions and to review legal boundaries such as incorporated place, American Indian area, and county boundaries in coordination with the annual BAS during the initial update cycle and the first verification cycle. Phase 3: Delivery of the 2030 Census Redistricting Data In accordance with 13 U.S.C. 141(c), the Director will furnish the Governor, state legislative leaders of both the majority and minority parties, and any other sitting ``officers or public bodies having initial responsibility for the legislative apportionment or districting of each state'' with 2030 Census population counts for standard census tabulation areas (e.g., state, congressional district, state legislative district, American Indian area, county, city, town, census tract, census block group, and census tabulation block) regardless of whether or not a state participates in Phases 1 or 2. The Director will also provide 2030 Census population counts for voting districts to any state that participated in Phase 2. Delivery is expected to occur prior to or alongside the public release of the 2030 Census Redistricting Data (Pub. L. 94-171) Summary File, no later than April 1, 2031. Phase 4: Collection of Post-2030 Census Congressional and State Legislative District Plans Beginning in 2031, the Census Bureau plans to solicit from each state the newly drawn legislative and congressional district plans based on the 2030 census results and compile population, housing and other data for those new districts. This effort is expected to occur every two years in advance of the 2040 Census in order to update these district boundaries with new or changed plans. A verification phase is planned to occur with each two-year update cycle. Phase 5: Review of the 2030 Census Redistricting Data Program and Recommendations for the 2040 Census Redistricting Data Program As the final phase of the 2030 Census Redistricting Data Program, the Census Bureau will work with the states to conduct a thorough review of the program. The intent of this review, and the final report that results, is to provide guidance to the Secretary and the Director in planning the 2040 Census Redistricting Data Program. Please address questions concerning any aspect of the 2030 RDP to the person identified in the contact section of this notice. Robert L. Santos, Director, Census Bureau, approved the publication of this Notice in the Federal Register. Dated: July 2, 2024. Shannon Wink, Program Analyst, Policy Coordination Office, U.S. Census Bureau. [FR Doc. 2024-14962 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3510-07-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:58.225344

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15017

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56288-56289] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15017] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Bureau of Industry and Security Information Systems Technical Advisory Committee; Notice of Partially Closed Meeting The Information Systems Technical Advisory Committee (ISTAC) will meet on July 24, 2024, 9:00 a.m., Eastern Daylight Time, in the Herbert C. Hoover Building, Room 3884, 1401 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC (enter through Main Entrance on 14th Street between Constitution and Pennsylvania Avenues). This meeting will be hybrid. The Committee advises the Department of Commerce (Department) with respect to the following issues: (1) technical specifications and policy issues relating to those specifications that are of concern to the Department; (2) worldwide availability of products and systems, including quantity and quality, and actual utilization of production technology; (3) licensing procedures that affect the level of export controls applicable to any commodities, software, or technology; (4) revisions of the Commerce Control List, including proposed revisions of multilateral controls in which the United States participates; (5) the issuance of regulations; and (6) any other matters relating to actions designed to carry out the policy set forth in section 1752 of Export Control Reform Act. The purpose of the meeting is to have Committee members and U.S. Government representatives mutually review updated technical data and policy-driving information that has been gathered. Agenda Open Session 1. Welcome and Introductions 2. Working Group Reports 3. Public Comments 4. Open/Closed Business 5. Wassenaar Proposal Ideas for 2025 6. Industry Presentation: HPC & AI Benchmarks [[Page 56289]] Closed Session 7. Discussion of matters determined to be exempt from the open meeting and public participation requirements found in sections 1009(a)(1) and 1009(a)(3) of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA) (5 U.S.C. 1001-1014). The exemption is authorized by section 1009(d) of the FACA, which permits the closure of advisory committee meetings, or portions thereof, if the head of the agency to which the advisory committee reports determines such meetings may be closed to the public in accordance with subsection (c) of the Government in the Sunshine Act (5 U.S.C. 552b(c)). In this case, the applicable provisions of 5 U.S.C. 552b(c) are subsection 552b(c)(4), which permits closure to protect trade secrets and commercial or financial information that is privileged or confidential, and subsection 552b(c)(9)(B), which permits closure to protect information that would be likely to significantly frustrate implementation of a proposed agency action were it to be disclosed prematurely. The closed session of the meeting will involve committee discussions and guidance regarding U.S. Government strategies and policies. The open session will be accessible via teleconference. To join the conference, submit inquiries to Ms. Yvette Springer at [email protected], no later than July 17, 2024. A limited number of seats will be available for members of the public to attend the open session in person. Reservations are not accepted. Special Accommodations: Individuals requiring special accommodations to access the public meeting should contact Ms. Yvette Springer no later than Tuesday, July 17, 2024, so that appropriate arrangements can be made. To the extent time permits, members of the public may present oral statements to the Committee. The public may submit written statements at any time before or after the meeting. However, to facilitate distribution of materials to the Committee members, the Committee suggests that members of the public forward their materials prior to the meeting to Ms. Springer via email. Material submitted by the public will be made public and therefore should not contain confidential information. Meeting materials from the public session will be accessible via the Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) site at https://tac.bis.gov, within 30-days after the meeting. The Deputy Assistant Secretary for Administration Performing the non-exclusive functions and duties of the Chief Financial Officer, with the concurrence of the delegate of the General Counsel, formally determined on February 15, 2024, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 1009(d)), that the portion of the meeting dealing with pre-decisional changes to the Commerce Control List and the U.S. export control policies shall be exempt from the provisions relating to public meetings found in 5 U.S.C. 1009(a)(1) and 1009(a)(3). The remaining portions of the meeting will be open to the public. Meeting cancellation: If the meeting is cancelled, a cancellation notice will be posted on the TAC website at https://tac.bis.doc.gov. For more information, contact Ms. Springer via email. Yvette Springer, Committee Liaison Officer. [FR Doc. 2024-15017 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3510-JT-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:58.304718

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14983

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56289-56292] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14983] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [Docket No. 240702-0183] Revisions to the Fee Schedule for the Data Privacy Framework Program AGENCY: International Trade Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce. ACTION: Notice of revisions; request for public comments. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: Consistent with the guidelines in OMB Circular A-25, the U.S. Department of Commerce's International Trade Administration (ITA) is revising the fee schedule that was last updated on April 12, 2017. This notice revises the Privacy Shield program fee schedule to reflect the change in the name of the program from the ``Privacy Shield'' program to the ``Data Privacy Framework'' program and to amend the fees. This is to support the operation of the EU-U.S. DPF, the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF, and the Swiss-U.S. DPF (collectively, the DPF program). DATES: The revisions to the fee schedule will become effective 30 days after the final fee schedule is published. Comments must be received by August 7th, 2024. ADDRESSES: You may submit comments by either of the following methods: Federal eRulemaking Portal at www.Regulations.gov. The identification number is ITA-2024-0001. Postal Mail/Commercial Delivery to Isabella Carlton, Department of Commerce, International Trade Administration, Room 11018, 1401 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC, and reference ``Revisions to the Fee Schedule for the Data Privacy Framework Program'' in the subject line. Instructions: You must submit comments by one of the above methods to ensure that the comments are received and considered. Comments sent by any other method, to any other address or individual, or received after the end of the comment period, may not be considered. All comments received are a part of the public record and will generally be posted to http://www.regulations.gov without change. All Personal Identifying Information (e.g., name, address, etc.) voluntarily submitted by the commenter may be publicly accessible. Do not submit Confidential Business Information or otherwise sensitive or protected information. ITA will accept anonymous comments (enter ``N/A'' in the required fields if you wish to remain anonymous). Attachments to electronic comments will be accepted in Microsoft Word, Excel, or Adobe PDF file formats only. Supporting documents and any comments we receive on this docket may be viewed at http://www.regulations.gov/ (http://www.regulations.gov/) ITA-2024-0001. More information regarding the DPF program can be found at https://www.dataprivacyframework.gov/Program-Overview. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Requests for additional information regarding the DPF program should be directed to Isabella Carlton, Department of Commerce, International Trade Administration, Room 11018, 1401 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC, tel. (202) 482-1512 or via email at [email protected]. Additional information on ITA fees is available at trade.gov/fees. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background On July 17, 2023, the U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC) launched the Data Privacy Framework (DPF) program. The EU-U.S. Data Privacy Framework (EU-U.S. DPF), UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF, and Swiss- U.S. Data Privacy Framework (Swiss-U.S. DPF) were respectively developed by the DOC and the European Commission, UK Government, and Swiss Federal Administration to provide U.S. organizations with reliable mechanisms for personal data transfers to the United States from the EU, UK, and Switzerland while ensuring data protection that is consistent with EU, UK, and Swiss law. The EU-U.S. DPF amends the privacy principles that [[Page 56290]] organizations adhered to under the EU-U.S. Privacy Shield Framework as the ``EU-U.S. Data Privacy Framework Principles'' (EU-U.S. DPF Principles), and the Swiss-U.S. DPF amends the privacy principles that organizations adhered to under the Swiss-U.S. Privacy Shield Framework as the ``Swiss-U.S. Data Privacy Framework Principles'' (Swiss-U.S. DPF Principles). For more detailed information on the DPF program, please see https://www.dataprivacyframework.gov/Program-Overview. Consistent with the guidelines in OMB Circular A-25, Federal agencies are responsible for implementing cost recovery program fees. The role of ITA is to strengthen the competitiveness of U.S. industry, promote trade and investment, and ensure fair trade through the rigorous enforcement of U.S. trade laws and agreements. ITA works to promote privacy policy frameworks to facilitate the trusted flow of data across borders with strong privacy protections, which in turn supports international trade. The U.S., EU, UK, and Switzerland share a commitment to enhancing privacy protection, the rule of law, and a recognition of the importance of transatlantic data flows to our respective citizens, economies, and societies, but have different legal systems and take different approaches to doing so. Given those differences, the DOC developed the EU-U.S. DPF, the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF, and the Swiss-U.S. DPF in consultation with the European Commission, the UK Government, the Swiss Federal Administration, industry, and other stakeholders. These arrangements were respectively developed to provide U.S. organizations reliable mechanisms for personal data transfers to the U.S. from the EU, UK, and Switzerland that are consistent with EU, UK, and Swiss law. The DOC has issued the EU-U.S. DPF Principles and the Swiss-U.S. DPF Principles, including the respective sets of Supplemental Principles (collectively, the Principles) and Annex I to the Principles, as well as the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF under its statutory authority to foster, promote, and develop international commerce (15 U.S.C. 1512). To participate in the EU-U.S. DPF and, as applicable, the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF, and/or the Swiss-U.S. DPF an organization must: (1) be subject to the investigatory and enforcement powers of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), the Department of Transportation (DOT), or another statutory body that will effectively ensure compliance with the Principles; (2) publicly declare its commitment to comply with the Principles; (3) publicly disclose its privacy policies in line with the Principles; and (4) fully implement the Principles. While the decision by an organization to self-certify its compliance and to participate in the DPF is voluntary; effective compliance is compulsory: organizations that self-certify to the DOC and publicly declare their commitment to adhere to the Principles must comply fully with the Principles. Organizations that only wish to self- certify their compliance pursuant to the EU-U.S. DPF and/or the Swiss- U.S. DPF may do so; however, organizations that wish to participate in the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF must participate in the EU-U.S. DPF. Such organizations' commitment to comply with the Principles with regard to transfers of personal data from the EU and, as applicable, the UK, and/or Switzerland must be reflected in their self- certification submissions to the DOC, and in their privacy policies. An organization's failure to comply with the Principles after its self- certification is enforceable: (1) by the FTC under Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Act prohibiting unfair or deceptive acts in or affecting commerce (15 U.S.C. 45); (2) by the DOT under 49 U.S.C. 41712 prohibiting a carrier or ticket agent from engaging in an unfair or deceptive practice in air transportation or the sale of air transportation; or (3) under other laws or regulations prohibiting such acts. U.S. organizations considering self-certifying their compliance pursuant to the EU-U.S. DPF and, as applicable, the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF, and/or the Swiss-U.S. DPF should review the requirements in their entirety, including the Principles and associated documents available in full at www.dataprivacyframework.gov. Revisions to the Fee Schedule ITA initially implemented a cost recovery program to support the operation of the EU-U.S. Privacy Shield Framework and the Swiss-U.S. Privacy Shield Frameworks (collectively, the Privacy Shield program) and is revising that fee schedule to support the operation of the DPF program. The cost recovery program will support the administration and supervision of the DPF program and support services related to the DPF program, including education and outreach. The revisions to the fee schedule will become effective 30 days after the final fee schedule is published. The Cost Recovery Fee Schedule for the EU-U.S. Privacy Shield Framework, published September 30, 2016 (81 FR 67293), describes the fees implemented by ITA to cover the administration and supervision of the EU-U.S. Privacy Shield Framework. The first amendment to the Cost Recovery Fee Schedule for the EU-U.S. Privacy Shield Framework, published April 4, 2017 (82 FR 16375), describes the additional fees implemented by ITA to cover the administration and supervision of the Swiss-U.S. Privacy Shield Framework. Under this revision to the fee schedule, organizations that opt to self-certify only for the EU-U.S. DPF, only the EU-U.S. DPF and the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF, or only the Swiss-U.S. DPF will pay a single fee when initially self- certifying or re-certifying. Organizations that opt to self-certify for an additional framework will pay an additional 50 percent of that single fee when self-certifying or re-certifying for the additional framework, reflecting the efficiency savings in administering the DPF program for organizations that participate in multiple parts of the DPF program. As organizations that wish to participate in the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF must participate in the EU-U.S. DPF, the annual fee that such organizations are required to pay to ITA to participate in the EU-U.S. DPF currently covers both the EU-U.S. DPF and the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF. These efficiency savings are maximized if organizations self- certify to multiple parts of the DPF program simultaneously, reducing the required staff time and resources for reviewing materials. In addition, organizations that participate in the EU-U.S. DPF and, as applicable, the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF and/or the Swiss- U.S. DPF may adjust their annual re-certification due date by re- certifying early (i.e., before the applicable due date) to the relevant part(s) of the DPF program. Although an organization may adjust its annual re-certification due date by re-certifying early, the re-certification due date would apply to all parts of the DPF program in which it participates (i.e., re- certification to the relevant part(s) of the DPF program is synchronized). For example, if an organization initially self-certified exclusively to and was placed on the Data Privacy Framework List with regard to the EU-U.S. DPF, and then several months later self-certified to and was placed on the Data Privacy Framework List with regard to the Swiss-U.S. DPF, the organization's next re-certification to both of those parts of the DPF program would be due by the same date. [[Page 56291]] Additionally, a fixed annual fee of $260 will be charged per applicable framework for organizations that withdraw from the relevant part(s) of the DPF program, retain personal data that they received in reliance on their participation in the relevant part(s) of the DPF program, continue to apply the Principles to such data, and affirm to ITA on an annual basis their commitment to apply the Principles to such data. This fee has been set to cover staff costs for reviewing the ``Post-Withdrawal, Annual Affirmation Questionnaire'', which must be submitted by organizations that have chosen the aforementioned option when withdrawing from the relevant part(s) of the program, as well as the necessary website infrastructure to facilitate submission of the proper documents. Additionally, this fee is set to be less than any organization would be required to pay for re-certification. The fee schedule is set forth below: Revised Annual Fee Schedule for the DPF Program ------------------------------------------------------------------------ A single Both Organization's annual revenue framework frameworks ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Post-withdrawal, annual affirmation fee. $260 $520 0 to 5 million.......................... 260 390 Over 5 million to 25 million............ 750 1,125 Over 25 million to 500 million.......... 1,600 2,400 Over 500 million to 5 billion........... 4,130 6,195 Over 5 billion.......................... 5,530 8,295 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ For purposes of the annual fee schedule described above: ``A single framework'' could refer to any of the following: only the EU-U.S. DPF; only the EU-U.S. DPF and the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF; or only the Swiss-U.S. DPF. ``Both frameworks'' could refer to any of the following: the EU-U.S. DPF, the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF, and the Swiss- U.S. DPF; or only the EU-U.S. DPF and the Swiss-U.S. DPF. Organizations will have additional direct costs associated with participating in the DPF program. For example, organizations must provide a readily available independent recourse mechanism to hear individual complaints at no cost to the individual. Furthermore, organizations are required to make contributions in connection with the arbitral model, as described in Annex I to the Principles. Method for Determining Fees ITA collects, retains, and expends user fees pursuant to delegated authority under the Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act as authorized in its annual appropriations acts. The EU-U.S. DPF, the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF, and the Swiss-U.S. DPF were developed to facilitate transatlantic commerce by providing U.S. organizations with reliable mechanisms for personal data transfers to the United States from the EU/European Economic Area, UK, and Switzerland. The Data Privacy Framework program operates in a way that provides strong privacy protection as well as a more effective and efficient service to participants at a lower cost than other options, including standard contractual clauses or binding corporate rules. Fees are set by taking into account the operational costs borne by ITA to administer and supervise the Data Privacy Framework program. The DPF program requires a significant commitment of resources and staff. These costs include broad programmatic costs to run the program as well as costs specific to EU-U.S. DPF, the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF, and the Swiss-U.S. DPF. The DPF program includes commitments from ITA to: Maintain, upgrade, and update a DPF program website, including maintaining the Data Privacy Framework List (i.e., the authoritative list of U.S. organizations that have self-certified to the DOC, as represented by ITA, and declared their commitment to adhere to the Principles; Verify self-certification requirements submitted by organizations to participate in the DPF program; Follow up with organizations that have been removed from the Data Privacy Framework List and ensure, where applicable, that questionnaires are correctly filed and processed; Search for and address false claims of participation; Conduct periodic compliance reviews and assessments of the program; Provide information regarding the program to targeted audiences; Increase cooperation with European data protection authorities; Facilitate resolution of complaints about non-compliance; Hold periodic meetings with the European Commission, the UK government, the Swiss government, and other authorities to review the program; and Provide the EU, UK, and Switzerland with updates on laws relevant to the DPF program. In setting these revised DPF program fees, ITA determined that the services provided offer special benefits to an identifiable recipient beyond those that accrue to the general public. ITA calculated the actual cost of providing its services in order to provide a basis for setting each fee. This actual cost incorporates direct and indirect costs, including operations and maintenance, overhead, and charges for the use of capital facilities. ITA also took into account additional factors, including inflation, adequacy of cost recovery, affordability, and costs associated with alternative options available to U.S. organizations for the receipt of personal data from the EU, the UK, and Switzerland. Furthermore, ITA considered the cost-savings and efficiencies gained in staff hours through simultaneous review of self- certifications for the EU-U.S. DPF, the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF, and the Swiss-U.S. DPF. This analysis balanced these cost savings with projected expenses, including, but not limited to, website development, further negotiations with the EU, the UK, and Switzerland, periodic reviews, certification reviews, and facilitating complaint resolutions. ITA will continue to use the established five-tiered fee schedule (see 82 FR 16375) that promoted participation of small organizations in the Privacy Shield program, while amending the fees at each tier to account for increased program administration costs. A multiple-tiered fee schedule allows ITA to offer organizations with lower revenue a lower fee. In setting the five tiers, ITA considered, in conjunction with the factors mentioned above: (1) the Small Business Administration's guidance on [[Page 56292]] identifying small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in various industries most likely to participate in the DPF program, such as computer services, software and information services; (2) the likelihood that small companies would be expected to receive less personal data and thereby use fewer government resources; and (3) the likelihood that companies with higher revenue would have more customers whose data they process, which would use more government resources dedicated to administering and overseeing the DPF program. For example, if a company holds more data, it could reasonably produce more questions and complaints from consumers and European data protection authorities (DPAs). ITA has committed to facilitating the resolution of individual complaints and to communicating with the FTC and the DPAs regarding consumer complaints. Lastly, the fee increases between the tiers are based in part on projected program costs and estimated participation levels among companies within each tier. As noted above, the revisions to the fee schedule recoups the costs to ITA for operating and maintaining the DPF program. ITA has taken into account the efficiencies and economies of scale experienced when organizations participate in multiple Frameworks by providing a 50 percent discount off adding another framework program and requiring organizations to synchronize their re-certifications. The added cost of joining an additional framework program reflects the additional expenses incurred, including, but not limited to, for communications with DPAs and website infrastructure and development, as well as the additional costs of cooperating and communicating separately with the EU, UK, and Swiss representatives and governments. The fee applied to organizations that withdraw from relevant part(s) of the DPF program, but that maintain data, is meant to cover the programmatic costs associated with ITA's processing of such organizations' annual affirmation of commitment to continue to apply the Principles to the personal data they received while participating in the relevant part(s) of the DPF program. The flat fee is based on the expectation that government resources required to process this annual affirmation will be similar for all companies, regardless of size. Based on the information provided above, ITA believes that the revised DPF program cost recovery fee schedule is consistent with the objective of OMB Circular A-25 to ``promote efficient allocation of the nation's resources by establishing charges for special benefits provided to the recipient that are at least as great as the cost to the U.S. Government of providing the special benefits . . .'' (OMB Circular A-25(5)(b)). ITA is providing the public with the opportunity to comment on the revisions to the fee schedule. ITA will then review all comments and publish the final fee schedule 30 days before the final fee schedule becomes effective. ITA administers and supervises the DPF program, including maintaining and making publicly available the Data Privacy Framework List, an authoritative list of U.S. organizations that have self-certified to the DOC and declared their commitment to adhere to the Principles pursuant to the EU-U.S. DPF and, as applicable, the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF, and/or the Swiss-U.S. DPF. Paperwork Reduction Act In accordance with the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (PRA), ITA published proposed information collection as described in the EU-U.S. DPF, the UK Extension to the EU-U.S. DPF, and the Swiss-U.S. DPF for public notice and comment (88 FR 19067 and 88 FR 37509). The approved OMB Control Number for that information collection is 0625-0280 (expires 07/31/2026). That approval allows ITA to collect information from organizations in the United States, including information concerning their annual revenue, to enable such organizations to self- certify to the DOC. Such information collection is critical to ITA's administration and supervision of the DPF program, including its maintenance of the authoritative, public list of U.S. organizations that have self-certified to the DOC and declared their commitment to adhere to the Principles. The instant revisions to the DPF program cost recovery fee schedule do not impose any new information collection request (ICR) requirements or revise the current approved burden hours and administrative costs associated with the self-certification process under the approved OMB Control Number. Dated: July 2, 2024. Neema Guliani, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Service, Industry & Analysis, International Trade Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce. [FR Doc. 2024-14983 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3510-DR-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:58.360641

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14832

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56292-56295] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14832] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-533-889] Certain Quartz Surface Products From India: Preliminary Results and Rescission, in Part, of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review; 2022-2023 AGENCY: Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, Department of Commerce. SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Commerce (Commerce) preliminarily determines that certain quartz surface products (quartz surface products) from India are not being sold in the United States at below normal value during the period of review (POR), June 1, 2022, through May 31, 2023. Additionally, Commerce is rescinding this administrative review with respect to certain companies. We invite interested parties to comment on these preliminary results. DATES: Applicable July 9, 2024. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Laurel LaCivita or Anjali Mehindiratta, AD/CVD Operations, Office III, Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1401 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20230; telephone: (202) 482-4243 or (202) 482-9127, respectively. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background On June 22, 2020, Commerce published the antidumping duty order on quartz surface products from India.\1\ On June 1, 2023, we published in the Federal Register a notice of opportunity to request an administrative review of the Order.\2\ On August 3, 2023, pursuant to section 751(a)(1) of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (the Act), Commerce initiated an administrative review of the Order covering 77 entities.\3\ On February 6, 2024, Commerce extended the deadline for the preliminary results until June 28, 2024.\4\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ See Certain Quartz Surface Products from India and Turkey: Antidumping Duty Orders, 85 FR 37422 (June 22, 2020) (Order). \2\ See Antidumping or Countervailing Duty Order, Finding, or Suspended Investigation; Opportunity to Request Administrative Review and Join Annual Inquiry Service List, 88 FR 35835 (June 1, 2023). \3\ See Initiation of Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Administrative Reviews, 88 FR 51271 (August 3, 2023) (Initiation Notice). \4\ See Memorandum, ``Extension of Deadline for Preliminary Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review,'' dated February 6, 2024. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- For a complete description of the events that followed the initiation of [[Page 56293]] this review, see the Preliminary Decision Memorandum.\5\ A list of topics discussed in the Preliminary Decision Memorandum is attached as Appendix I to this notice. The Preliminary Decision Memorandum is a public document and is on file electronically via Enforcement and Compliance's Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Centralized Electronic Service System (ACCESS). ACCESS is available to registered users at https://access.trade.gov. In addition, a complete version of the Preliminary Decision Memorandum can be accessed directly at https://access.trade.gov/public/FRNoticesListLayout.aspx. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \5\ See Memorandum, ``Decision Memorandum for the Preliminary Results of the Administrative Review of the Antidumping Duty Order Quartz Surface Products from India; 2022-2023,'' dated concurrently with, and hereby adopted by, this notice (Preliminary Decision Memorandum). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Scope of the Order The products covered by this Order are quartz surface products. A full description of the scope of the Order is contained in the Preliminary Decision Memorandum. Rescission of Review, In Part As noted above, we initiated this review with respect to 77 companies.\6\ During the course of the review, we selected two mandatory respondents, which included three of the named companies.\7\ As a consequence, there are 74 companies upon which review was requested and which were not selected for individual examination. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \6\ See Initiation Notice. Commerce previously determined that Antique Marbonite Pvt Ltd., Prism Johnson Limited, and Shivam Enterprises are affiliated and treated these companies were as a single entity; thus, they were listed together in the Initiation Notice. See Initiation Notice, 88 FR at 51274. See also Certain Quartz Surface Products from India: Final Determination of Sales at Less Than Fair Value and Final Negative Determination of Critical Circumstances, 85 FR 25391 (May 1, 2020). \7\ See Memorandum, ``Respondent Selection,'' dated September 14, 2023. In the prior review, we treated Marudhar Rocks International Pvt. Ltd. and Marudhar Quartz Surface Private Limited as a single entity. See Certain Quartz Surface Products from India: Final Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review, and Final Determination of No Shipments; 2021-2022, 88 FR 80689 (November 20, 2023). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Commerce received timely withdrawal requests with respect to 24 companies upon which we initiated the review within 90 days of the date of publication of the Initiation Notice. Therefore, Commerce is rescinding this review, in part, with respect to these 24 companies in accordance with 19 CFR 351.213(d)(1).\8\ In addition, pursuant to 19 CFR 351.213(d)(3), Commerce will rescind an administrative review when there are no reviewable suspended entries. Based on our analysis of U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) information, 10 companies listed in the Initiation Notice had no entries of subject merchandise during the POR, including six for which timely withdrawals of requests for review were submitted and four for which no withdrawal requests were submitted. On May 6, 2024, we notified parties of our intent to rescind this administrative review with respect to the 10 companies that had no reviewable suspended entries during the POR.\9\ No party to the proceeding provided comments on our Intent to Rescind Memorandum. As a result, we are rescinding this review, in part, with respect to the four entities which had no entries in the POR and for which withdrawal requests were not previously received from all parties requesting review.\10\ Therefore, we are rescinding this review, in part, with respect to a total of 28 companies.\11\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \8\ See Appendix II . \9\ See Memorandum, ``Notice of Intent to Rescind Review, In Part,'' dated May 6, 2024 (Intent to Rescind Memorandum). \10\ See Appendix II. \11\ Id. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Methodology Commerce is conducting this review in accordance with section 751(a)(1)(B) of the Act. Export price was calculated in accordance with section 772 of the Act. Normal value was calculated in accordance with section 773 of the Act. For a full description of the methodology underlying our conclusions, see the Preliminary Decision Memorandum. Rate for Non-Examined Companies The Act and Commerce's regulations do not directly address the establishment of a rate to be applied to individual companies not selected for examination when Commerce limits its examination in an administrative review pursuant to section 777A(c)(2) of the Act. Generally, Commerce looks to section 735(c)(5) of the Act, which provides instructions for calculating the all-others rate in a market economy investigation, for guidance when calculating the rate for companies which were not selected for individual review in an administrative review. Under section 735(c)(5)(A) of the Act, the all- others rate is normally ``an amount equal to the weighted average of the estimated weighted-average dumping margins established for exporters and producers individually investigated, excluding any zero or de minimis margins, and any margins determined entirely {on the basis of facts available{time} .'' In this administrative review, we preliminarily calculated dumping margins of zero percent for both Marudhar Rocks and PESL. Thus, in accordance with the expected method, we preliminary assigned to the non-selected companies a zero percent rate, based on the rates calculated for the two mandatory respondents. As a consequence, if these results are unchanged in the final results of review, we will liquidate the entries of Marudhar, PESL and the non-selected companies without regard to antidumping duties. Preliminary Results of Review As a result of this review, we preliminarily determine the following estimated weighted-average dumping margins exist for the period June 1, 2022, through May 31, 2023: ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Weighted- average Producer/exporter dumping margin (percent) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pokarna Engineered Stone Limited........................ 0.00 Marudhar Rocks International Pvt. Ltd./Marudhar Quartz 0.00 Surface Private Limited................................ Non-Individually Examined Companies \12\................ 0.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ \12\ See Appendix III. Disclosure and Public Comment Commerce intends to disclose the calculations performed in connection with these preliminary results to interested parties within five days after the date of publication of this notice, or, if there is no public announcement, within five days of the date of publication of this notice in accordance with 19 CFR 351.224(b).\13\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \13\ See 19 CFR 351.224(b). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Interested parties may submit case briefs no later than 30 days after the date of publication of this notice.\14\ Rebuttal briefs, limited to issues raised in the case briefs, may be filed no later than five days after the date for filing case briefs.\15\ Interested parties who submit case briefs or rebuttal briefs in this proceeding must submit: (1) a table of contents listing each issue; and, (2) a table of authorities.\16\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \14\ See 19 CFR 351.309(c)(1)(ii) \15\ See 19 CFR 351.309(d); see also Administrative Protective Order, Service, and Other Procedures in Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Proceedings, 88 FR 67069, 67077 (September 29, 2023) (APO and Service Procedures). \16\ See 19 CFR 351.309(c)(2) and (d)(2). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- As provided under 19 CFR 351.309(c)(2) and (d)(2), in prior proceedings we have encouraged interested parties to provide an executive summary of their briefs that should be limited to five pages total, [[Page 56294]] including footnotes. In this review, we instead request that interested parties provide at the beginning of their briefs a public, executive summary for each issue raised in their briefs.\17\ Further, we request that interested parties limit their public executive summary of each issue to no more than 450 words, not including citations. We intend to use the public executive summaries as the basis of the comment summaries included in the issues and decision memorandum that will accompany the final results in this administrative review. We request that interested parties include footnotes for relevant citations in the public executive summary of each issue. Note that Commerce has amended certain of its requirements pertaining to the service of documents in 19 CFR 351.303(f).\18\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \17\ We use the term ``issue'' here to describe an argument that Commerce would normally address in a comment of the Issues and Decision Memorandum. \18\ See APO and Service Procedures. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Interested parties who wish to request a hearing must submit a written request to the Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance, U.S. Department of Commerce, using Enforcement and Compliance's ACCESS system within 30 days of publication of this notice.\19\ Requests should contain the party's name, address, and telephone number, the number of participants, and a list of the issues to be discussed. Issues raised in the hearing will be limited to those raised in the case and rebuttal briefs. If a request for a hearing is made, we will inform parties of the scheduled date for the hearing at a time and location to be determined.\20\ Parties should confirm by telephone the date, time, and location of the hearing no fewer than two days before the scheduled date. Parties are reminded that all briefs and hearing requests must be filed electronically using ACCESS and received successfully in their entirety by 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on the due date. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \19\ See 19 CFR 351.310(c). \20\ See 19 CFR 351.310. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Unless the deadline is extended pursuant to section 751(a)(3)(A) of the Act and 19 CFR 351.213(h)(2), Commerce will issue the final results of this administrative review, including the results of our analysis of the issues raised by the parties in their case briefs, not later than 120 days after the date of publication of this notice, pursuant to section 751(a)(3)(A) of the Act. Assessment Rates Upon issuance of the final results, Commerce shall determine, and U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) shall assess, antidumping duties on all appropriate entries covered by this review. The final results of this review shall be the basis for the assessment of antidumping duties on entries of merchandise covered by this review and for future deposits of estimated duties, where applicable.\21\ Commerce intends to issue assessment instructions to CBP no earlier than 35 days after the date of publication of the final results of this review in the Federal Register. If a timely summons is filed at the U.S. Court of International Trade, the assessment instructions will direct CBP not to liquidate relevant entries until the time for parties to file a request for a statutory injunction has expired (i.e., within 90 days of publication). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \21\ See section 751(a)(2)(C) of the Act. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- If the respective weighted-average dumping margins are above de minimis (i.e., 0.50 percent) in the final results of this review, we will calculate importer-specific ad valorem antidumping duty assessment rates based on the ratio of the total amount of dumping calculated for the importer's examined sales to the total entered value of those same sales in accordance with 19 CFR 351.212(b)(1).\22\ If the respondent has not reported entered values, we will calculate a per-unit assessment rate for each importer by dividing the total amount of dumping calculated for the examined sales made to that importer by the total quantity associated with those sales. We will instruct CBP to assess antidumping duties on all appropriate entries covered by this review when the importer-specific assessment rate calculated in the final results of this review is above de minimis (i.e., 0.50 percent). Where either the respondent's weighted-average dumping margin is zero or de minimis, or an importer-specific assessment rate is zero or de minimis, we will instruct CBP to liquidate the appropriate entries without regard to antidumping duties. The final results of this review shall be the basis for the assessment of antidumping duties on entries of merchandise covered by the final results of this review and for future deposits of estimated duties, where applicable.\23\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \22\ In these preliminary results, Commerce applied the assessment rate calculation method adopted in Antidumping Proceedings: Calculation of the Weighted-Average Dumping Margin and Assessment Rate in Certain Antidumping Proceedings; Final Modification, 77 FR 8101 (February 14, 2012). \23\ See section 751(a)(2)(C) of the Act. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- In accordance with Commerce's ``automatic assessment'' practice, for entries of subject merchandise during the POR produced by the respondents for which they did not know that the merchandise was destined for the United States, we will instruct CBP to liquidate entries not reviewed at the all-others rate if there is no rate for the intermediate company(ies) involved in the transaction. For the companies which were not selected for individual examination, we will instruct CBP to assess antidumping duties at an ad valorem assessment rate equal to the company-specific weighted-average dumping margin determined in these final results. For the companies for which the administrative review is rescinded, antidumping duties shall be assessed at a rate equal to the cash deposit of estimated antidumping duties required at the time of entry, or withdrawal from warehouse, for consumption, in accordance with 19 CFR 351.212(c)(1)(i). Cash Deposit Requirements The following cash deposit requirements will be effective upon publication of the notice of the final results of the administrative review for all shipments of quartz surface products from India entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption on or after the date of publication of the final results, as provided by section 751(a)(2) of the Act: (1) the cash deposit rate for each company listed above will be equal to the dumping margins established in the final results of this review, except if the ultimate rate is de minimis within the meaning of 19 CFR 351.106(c)(1), in which case the cash deposit rates will be zero; (2) for merchandise exported by producers or exporters not covered in this administrative review but covered in a prior segment of the proceeding, the cash deposit rate will continue to be the company-specific rate published for the most recently completed segment of this proceeding in which the producer or exporter participated; (3) if the exporter is not a firm covered in this review, a prior review, or the original LTFV investigation but the producer is, then the cash deposit rate will be the rate established for the most recently completed segment of the proceeding for the producer of the merchandise; and (4) the cash deposit rate for all other producers or exporters will continue to be 1.02 percent, the all-others rate established in the antidumping duty investigation.\24\ These cash deposit requirements, when imposed, shall remain in effect until further notice. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \24\ See Order, 85 FR at 37423. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Notification to Importers This notice also serves as a preliminary reminder to importers of their responsibility under 19 CFR [[Page 56295]] 351.402(f)(2) to file a certificate regarding the reimbursement of antidumping and/or countervailing duties prior to liquidation of the relevant entries during this review period. Failure to comply with this requirement could result in Commerce's presumption that reimbursement of antidumping and/or countervailing duties occurred and the subsequent assessment of double antidumping duties, and/or an increase in the amount of antidumping duties by the amount of the countervailing duties. Notification to Interested Parties We are issuing and publishing these results in accordance with sections 751(a)(1) and 777(i)(1) of the Act, 19 CFR 351.213(h)(2), and 19 CFR 351.221(b)(4). Dated: June 28, 2024. Ryan Majerus, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations, performing the non-exclusive functions and duties of the Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance. Appendix I--List of Topics Discussed in the Preliminary Decision Memorandum I. Summary II. Background III. Scope of the Order IV. Rescission of Review, In Part V. Companies Not Selected for Individual Examination VI. Discussion of Methodology VII. Currency Conversion VIII. Recommendation Appendix II--Companies Rescinded from Administrative Review Companies for which all requests for review were timely withdrawn: 1 Advantis Quartz LLP 2 Chaitanya International Minerals LLP 3 Colors of Rainbow 4 EELQ Stone LLP 5 Geetanjali Quartz Pvt Ltd. 6 GS Exim 7 Haique Stones Inc. 8 INANI Marble and Industries Ltd. 9 Jyothi Quartz Surfaces 10 Krishna Sai Exports 11 Modern Surface Inc. 12 MQ surfaces Pvt Ltd. 13 Nice Quartz and Stones Pvt Ltd. 14 Paradigm Granite Pvt Ltd. 15 Pristine Quartz Pvt. Ltd. 16 Rudra Quartz LLP 17 Shivam Surface India LLP 18 Square Ft. Marble and granite 19 Stone Empire Pvt. Ltd. 20 SVG Exports Pvt Ltd. 21 Taanj Quartz Inc. 22 Tab Quartz 23 Trident Surface 24 Universall Granites Companies reflecting no entries during the administrative review period and for which no comment was received in opposition to the Intent to Rescind Memorandum: 25 Amazoone Ceramics Ltd. 26 Pelican Grani Marmo Pvt. Ltd. 27 PM Quartz Surfaces Pvt Ltd. 28 RMC Readymix Porselano India Limited Appendix III--Non-Individually Examined Companies Receiving a Review- Specific Rate 1 3HQ Surfaces Pvt. Ltd. 2 Antique Granito Shareholders Trust 3 Antique Marbonite Pvt Ltd; Prism Johnson Limited; Shivam Enterprises 4 Argil Ceramics 5 ARO Granite Industries Ltd. 6 ASI Industries Limited 7 Asian Granito India Ltd. 8 Baba Super Minerals Pvt Ltd. 9 Camrola Quartz Limited 10 Classic Marble Co Pvt Ltd. 11 Cuarzo 12 Divine Surfaces Private Limited 13 Divya Shakti Granites Ltd. 14 Divya Shakti Ltd. 15 Esprit Stones Pvt Ltd. 16 Evetis Stone Pvt Ltd. 17 Global Stones Pvt. Ltd. 18 Global Surfaces Ltd. 19 Glowstone Industries Pvt Ltd. 20 Hi Elite Quartz LLP 21 Imperiaal Granimarmo Pvt Ltd. 22 Indus Trade and Technology LLC 23 Internaational Stones India Pvt. Ltd. 24 Keros Stone LLP 25 Mahi Granites Pvt Ltd. 26 Malbros Marbles and Granites Industries 27 Mountmine Impex Pvt Ltd. 28 Pacific Industries Ltd. 29 Pacific Quartz Surfaces LLP 30 Paradigm Stone India Pvt Ltd. 31 Pelican Buildmat Pvt Ltd. 32 Pelican Quartz Stone 33 QuartzKraft LLP 34 Renshou Industries 35 Rocks Forever 36 Safayar Ceramics Pvt Ltd. 37 Satya Exports 38 Shanmukha Exports 39 Southern Rocks and Minerals Pvt Ltd. 40 Sunex Stones Pvt Ltd. 41 Tab India Granites Pvt. Ltd. 42 Universal Marketing Agencies Private Limited 43 Universal Quartz & Natural Stones Pvt Ltd. 44 Venkata Sri Balaji Quartz Surfaces [FR Doc. 2024-14832 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3510-DS-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:58.392841

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14834

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56295-56297] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14834] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-469-814] Chlorinated Isocyanurates From Spain: Preliminary Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review; 2022-2023 AGENCY: Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, Department of Commerce. SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Commerce (Commerce) preliminarily determines that sales of chlorinated isocyanurates (chlorinated isos) from Spain were not sold in the United States at less than normal value during the period of review (POR), June 1, 2022, through May 31, 2023. We invite interested parties to comment on these preliminary results. DATES: Applicable July 9, 2024. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Andrew Huston, AD/CVD Operations, Office VII, Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1401 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20230; telephone: (202) 482-4261. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background Based on a timely request for review, and in accordance with 19 CFR 351.221(c)(1)(i), Commerce initiated this administrative review of the antidumping duty order on chlorinated isos from Spain covering three companies, Ercros S.A. (Ercros), Industrias Quimicas Tamar S.L. (Industrias Quimicas Tamar), and Electroquimica de Hernani, S.A. (EHER).\1\ On January 23, 2024, we limited the number of respondents for individual examination in this administrative review to Ercros and EHER.\2\ We did not select Industrias Quimicas Tamar for individual examination, and this company remains subject to this administrative review. For a complete description of the events that followed the initiation of this review, see the Preliminary Decision Memorandum.\3\ On February 6, 2024, we extended the deadline for these preliminary results until no later than June 27, 2024.\4\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ See Initiation of Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Administrative Reviews, 88 FR 51271 (August 3, 2023). \2\ See Memorandum, ``Respondent Selection,'' dated January 23, 2024. \3\ See Memorandum, ``Decision Memorandum for the Preliminary Results of the Antidumping Duty Administrative Review: Chlorinated Isocyanurates from Spain; 2022-2023,'' dated concurrently with, and hereby adopted by, this notice (Preliminary Decision Memorandum). \4\ See Memorandum, ``Extension of Deadline for Preliminary Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review,'' dated February 6, 2024. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Scope of the Order 5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \5\ See Chlorinated Isocyanurates from Spain: Notice of Antidumping Duty Order, 70 FR 36562 (June 24, 2005) (Order). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The products covered by the Order are chlorinated isos, which are derivatives of cyanuric acid, described as chlorinated s-triazine triones. For a full description of the scope of the [[Page 56296]] order, see the Preliminary Decision Memorandum. Methodology Commerce is conducting this review in accordance with section 751(a) of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (the Act). Export price is calculated in accordance with section 772 of the Act. Normal value is calculated in accordance with section 773 of the Act. For a full description of the methodology underlying our conclusions, see the Preliminary Decision Memorandum. A list of topics included in the Preliminary Decision Memorandum is included as an appendix to this notice. The Preliminary Decision Memorandum is on file electronically via Enforcement and Compliance's Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Centralized Electronic Service System (ACCESS). ACCESS is available to registered users at https://access.trade.gov. In addition, the Preliminary Decision Memorandum can be accessed directly at https://access.trade.gov/public/FRNoticesListLayout.aspx. Rate for Non-Examined Companies For the rate for non-selected companies in an administrative review, generally, Commerce looks to section 735(c)(5) of the Act, which provides instructions for calculating the all-others rate in a market economy investigation. Under section 735(c)(5)(A) of the Act, the all-others rate is normally ``an amount equal to the weighted average of the estimated weighted average dumping margins established for exporters and producers individually investigated, excluding any zero or de minimis margins, and any margins determined entirely {on the basis of facts available{time} .'' Where the dumping margin for individually examined respondents are all zero, de minimis, or based entirely on facts available, section 735(c)(5)(B) of the Act provides that Commerce may use ``any reasonable method to establish the estimated all-others rate for exporters and producers not individually investigated, including averaging the estimated weighted average dumping margins determined for the exporters and producers individually investigated.'' In this review, we calculated a weighted-average dumping margins for Ercros and EHER that are zero and we did not calculate any margins which are not zero, de minimis, or determined entirely on the basis of facts available. Therefore, consistent with section 735(c)(5)(B) of the Act, we are applying to Industrias Quimicas Tamar, the company not selected for individual examination in this review, a margin of zero percent. Preliminary Results of Review As a result of our review, we preliminarily determine the following estimated weighted-average dumping margins for the period June 1, 202, through May 31, 2023: ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Weighted- average Producer/exporter dumping margin (percent) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Ercros S.A.................................................. 0.00 Electroquimica de Hernani, S.A.............................. 0.00 Industrias Quimicas Tamar S.L............................... 0.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Disclosure and Public Comment Commerce intends to disclose the calculations used in our analysis to parties in this review within five days of the date of publication of this notice in the Federal Register, in accordance with 19 CFR 351.224(b). Pursuant to 19 CFR 351.309(c), interested parties may submit case briefs to Commerce no later than 30 days after the date of publication of this notice. Rebuttal briefs, limited to issues raised in the case briefs, may be filed not later than five days after the date for filing case briefs.\6\ Interested parties who submit case briefs or rebuttal briefs in this proceeding must submit: (1) a table of contents listing each issue; and (2) a table of authorities.\7\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \6\ See 19 CFR 351.309(d); see also Administrative Protective Order, Service, and Other Procedures in Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Proceedings, 88 FR 67069, 67077 (September 29, 2023) (APO and Service Procedures). \7\ See 19 351.309(c)(2) and (d)(2). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- As provided under 19 CFR 351.309(c)(2) and (d)(2), in prior proceedings we have encouraged interested parties to provide an executive summary of their brief that should be limited to five pages total, including footnotes. In this review, we instead request that interested parties provide at the beginning of their briefs a public, executive summary for each issue raised in their briefs.\8\ Further, we request that interested parties limit their public executive summary of each issue to no more than 450 words, not including citations. We intend to use the public executive summaries as the basis of the comment summaries included in the issues and decision memorandum that will accompany the final results in this administrative review. We request that interested parties include footnotes for relevant citations in the public executive summary of each issue. Note that Commerce has amended certain of its requirements pertaining to the service of documents in 19 CFR 351.303(f).\9\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \8\ We use the term ``issue'' here to describe an argument that Commerce would normally address in a comment of the Issues and Decision Memorandum. \9\ See APO and Service Procedures. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pursuant to 19 CFR 351.310(c), interested parties who wish to request a hearing must submit a written request to the Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance, filed electronically via ACCESS. Requests should contain: (1) the party's name, address, and telephone number; (2) the number of participants; and (3) a list of issues to be discussed. Issues raised in the hearing will be limited to those raised in the respective case briefs. An electronically filed hearing request must be received successfully in its entirety by Commerce's electronic records system, ACCESS, by 5 p.m. Eastern Time within 30 days after the date of publication of this notice. Assessment Rates Upon completion of the administrative review, Commerce shall determine, and U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) shall assess, antidumping duties on all appropriate entries covered by this review.\10\ If the weighted-average dumping margin is not zero or de minimis (i.e., less than 0.5 percent), then Commerce will calculate importer-specific ad valorem antidumping duty assessment rates based on the ratio of the total amount of dumping calculated for each importer's examined sales to the total entered value of those same sales in accordance with 19 CFR 351.212(b)(1). If the weighted-average dumping margin is zero or de minimis in the final results, or if an importer- specific assessment rate is zero or de minimis in the final results, Commerce will instruct CBP to liquidate the appropriate entries without regard to antidumping duties. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \10\ See 19 CFR 351.212(b). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- In accordance with Commerce's ``automatic assessment'' practice, for entries of subject merchandise that entered the United States during the POR that were produced by each respondent for which it did not know that its merchandise was destined to the United States, Commerce will instruct CBP to liquidate unreviewed entries at the all- others rate, if there is no rate for the intermediate company(ies) involved in the transaction.\11\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \11\ For a full discussion of this practice, see Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Proceedings: Assessment of Antidumping Duties, 68 FR 23954 (May 6, 2003). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- [[Page 56297]] Commerce intends to issue assessment instructions to CBP no earlier than 35 days after the date of publication of the final results of this review in the Federal Register. If a timely summons is filed at the U.S. Court of International Trade, the assessment instructions will direct CBP not to liquidate relevant entries until the time for parties to file a request for a statutory injunction has expired (i.e., within 90 days of publication). Cash Deposit Requirements The following deposit requirements will be effective for all shipments of chlorinated isos from Spain entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption on or after the date of publication of the final results of this administrative review, as provided for by section 751(a)(2)(C) of the Act: (1) the cash deposit rate for the companies under review will be the rate established in the final results of this review (except, if the rate is zero or de minimis, no cash deposit will be required); (2) for previously reviewed or investigated companies not listed above, the cash deposit rate will continue to be the company- specific rate published for the most recent period; (3) if the exporter is not a firm covered in this review, a prior review, or the less-than- fair-value investigation, but the manufacturer is, the cash deposit rate will be the rate established for the most recent period for the manufacturer of the merchandise; and (4) the cash deposit rate for all other manufacturers or exporters will continue to be 24.83 percent, the all-others rate established in the investigation.\12\ These cash deposit requirements, when imposed, shall remain in effect until further notice. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \12\ See Order. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Final Results of Review Unless otherwise extended, Commerce intends to issue the final results of this administrative review, including the results of our analysis of issues raised by the parties in the written comments, within 120 days of publication of these preliminary results in the Federal Register, pursuant to section 751(a)(3)(A) of the Act and 19 CFR 351.213(h)(1). Notification to Importers This notice also serves as a preliminary reminder to importers of their responsibility under 19 CFR 351.402(f) to file a certificate regarding the reimbursement of antidumping duties prior to liquidation of the relevant entries during this review period. Failure to comply with this requirement could result in Commerce's presumption that reimbursement of antidumping duties occurred and the subsequent assessment of double antidumping duties. Notification to Interested Parties These preliminary results of administrative review are issued and published in accordance with sections 751(a)(1) and 777(i)(1) of the Act, and 19 CFR 351.221(b)(4). Dated: June 27, 2024. Ryan Majerus, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations, performing the non-exclusive functions and duties of the Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance. Appendix--List of Topics Discussed in the Preliminary Decision Memorandum I. Summary II. Background III. Scope of the Order IV. Companies Not Selected for Individual Examination V. Discussion of the Methodology VI. Normal Value VII. Currency Conversion VIII. Recommendation [FR Doc. 2024-14834 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3510-DS-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:58.421906

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14976

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56297-56301] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14976] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration Announcement of Approved International Trade Administration Business Development Mission AGENCY: International Trade Administration, Department of Commerce. SUMMARY: The United States Department of Commerce, International Trade Administration (ITA), is announcing one upcoming business development mission that will be recruited, organized, and implemented by ITA. This mission is: U.S. Aerospace & Defense Trade Mission to Denmark and Sweden--October 21-24, 2024. A summary of the mission is found below. Application information and more detailed mission information, including the commercial setting and sector information, can be found at the trade mission website: https://www.trade.gov/trade-missions. For each mission, recruitment will be conducted in an open and public manner, including publication in the Federal Register, posting on the Commerce Department trade mission calendar (https://www.trade.gov/trade-missions-schedule) and other internet websites, press releases to general and trade media, direct mail, broadcast fax, notices by industry trade associations and other multiplier groups, and publicity at industry meetings, symposia, conferences, and trade shows. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jeffrey Odum, Events Management Task Force, International Trade Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1401 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20230; telephone: (202) 482-6397 or email [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Following Conditions for Participation Will Be Used for the Mission Applicants must submit a completed and signed mission application and supplemental application materials, including adequate information on their products and/or services, primary market objectives, and goals for participation that are adequate to allow the Department of Commerce to evaluate their application. If the Department of Commerce receives an incomplete application, the Department of Commerce may either: reject the application, request additional information/clarification, or take the lack of information into account when evaluating the application. If the requisite minimum number of participants is not selected for a particular mission by the recruitment deadline, the mission may be canceled. Each applicant must also certify that the products and services it seeks to export through the mission are either produced in the United States, or, if not, are marketed under the name of a U.S. firm and have at least 51% U.S. content by value. In the case of a trade association or organization, the applicant must certify that, for each firm or service provider to be represented by the association/organization, the products and/or services the represented firm or service provider seeks to export are either produced in the United States or, if not, are marketed under the name of a U.S. firm and have at least 51% U.S. content by value. A trade association/organization applicant must certify and agree to the above for every company it seeks to represent on the mission. In addition, each applicant must: Certify that the products and services that it wishes to market through the mission would be in compliance with U.S. export controls and regulations; Certify that it has identified any matter pending before any bureau or office in the Department of Commerce; [[Page 56298]] Certify that it has identified any pending litigation (including any administrative proceedings) to which it is a party that involves the Department of Commerce; and Sign and submit an agreement that it and its affiliates (1) have not and will not engage in the bribery of foreign officials in connection with a company's/participant's involvement in this mission, and (2) maintain and enforce a policy that prohibits the bribery of foreign officials. In the case of a trade association/organization, the applicant must certify that each firm or service provider to be represented by the association/organization can make the above certifications. The Following Selection Criteria Will Be Used for the Mission Targeted mission participants are U.S. firms, services providers and trade associations/organizations providing or promoting U.S. products and services that have an interest in entering or expanding their business in the mission's destination. The following criteria will be evaluated in selecting participants: Suitability of the applicant's (or in the case of a trade association/organization, represented firm's or service provider's) products or services to these markets; The applicant's (or in the case of a trade association/ organization, represented firm's or service provider's) potential for business in the markets, including likelihood of exports resulting from the mission; and Consistency of the applicant's (or in the case of a trade association/organization, represented firm's or service provider's) goals and objectives with the stated scope of the mission. Balance of applicant's size and location may also be considered during the review process. Referrals from a political party or partisan political group or any information, including on the application, containing references to political contributions or other partisan political activities will be excluded from the application and will not be considered during the selection process. The sender will be notified of these exclusions. Definition of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise For purposes of assessing participation fees, an applicant is a small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) if it qualifies as a ``small business'' under the Small Business Administration's (SBA) size standards (https://www.sba.gov/document/support--table-size-standards), which vary by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Code. The SBA Size Standards Tool (https://www.sba.gov/size-standards) can help you determine the qualifications that apply to your company. Mission List: (additional information about trade missions can be found at https://www.trade.gov/trade-missions). U.S. Aerospace & Defense Trade Mission to Denmark and Sweden--October 21-24, 2024 Summary The United States Department of Commerce, International Trade Administration (ITA), is organizing a Trade Mission to Denmark and Sweden, October 21-24, 2024. The objectives for this mission are to give U.S. companies an opportunity to provide aerospace and defense equipment, technology, and services to Denmark and Sweden, and to advance U.S. national interests. Participating U.S. firms will gain market insights, make industry contacts, solidify business strategies, and advance specific projects, with the goal of increasing U.S. exports and services in the aerospace and defense sectors. The mission will introduce U.S. firms to aerospace and defense stakeholders in the region and assist U.S. companies in developing business in Denmark and Sweden. The mission will include meetings with government officials and industry leaders, networking events, presentations and site visits to an Aerospace/Defense Production Facilities or an R&D Center. For companies new to the market, this will be an opportunity to make initial contacts and learn more about the large defense market in Northern Europe. DENMARK, Copenhagen and SWEDEN, Stockholm Aerospace and defense markets in the Nordic region are likely to grow in 2024 and beyond, creating opportunities for U.S. aerospace and defense manufacturers to increase their exports to markets in Northern Europe. The governments of Sweden and Denmark have committed to updating and improving their domestic defense capabilities. This mission supports NATO's efforts to defend Northern Europe and Ukraine coupled with the goals of the 2022 National Defense Strategy to build the strongest possible coalition to enhance our collective influence to shape the global strategic environment. According to the Military Expenditure Database from Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), for 20 years, Sweden and Denmark have spent annually the equivalent of between 1% and 2% of their GDPs on military expenditures. As a current NATO ally, Denmark has pledged to spend a minimum of 2% of its GDP on national defense but has not yet satisfied this pledge. Sweden just joined NATO in 2024, and the country's 2024 budget surpassed NATO's target of 2% of GDP on defense spending and NATO's guideline to allocate 20% of defense expenditures to equipment spending, including research and development, offering potential opportunities for U.S. defense exporters. Sweden has historically emphasized cutting edge technology and innovation and Defense Minister P[aring]l Jonson has announced that a defense innovation strategy will be released during 2024. Sweden and Denmark membership in NATO establishes the Baltic Sea almost entirely within NATO's domain, with related requirements for air and missile defense; air and sub-sea dominance; intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (including uncrewed systems) and warfighter mission training/readiness. European NATO allies have faced greater pressure from the United States to increase defense spending since the start of Russia's war of aggression in Ukraine. The Biden Administration will use the NATO Summit in July 2024 to encourage European allies to expedite their plans to meet their defense spending pledges and bolster NATO's deterrence in Europe. These geopolitical developments could create opportunities for U.S. companies in the aerospace and defense industry to partner with Nordic allies. In some cases, Nordic countries may transfer or donate defense technology to Ukraine, creating gaps in their domestic arsenals. Swedish leaders envision Sweden as a NATO net- contributor with a strong presence in the Nordic-Baltic region and within NATO's command structure. Sweden's geostrategic importance, advanced military capabilities, strong defense industrial base, commitment to democratic values and transatlantic ties, and bolstered defense spending makes it a formidable ally. Sweden values its reputation as a peace-broker and compromise-finder. According to U.S. aerospace and defense data on bilateral trade with the Nordic region, 2022 defense exports increased to a record $710 million (likely due to the war in Ukraine) but decreased slightly in 2023. In the same years, the value of U.S. aerospace exports reached $1.4 billion and $1.9 billion, respectively. Non-defense [[Page 56299]] aerospace exports to the Nordic countries are largely comprised of civilian aircraft, engines, and parts, including turbojet/turboprop parts and gas turbine parts, presenting an opportunity for U.S. aerospace parts manufacturers and MRO suppliers to expand business in northern Europe. In January 2024, the Government of Denmark presented a plan to spend approximately $2.3 billion on more military equipment and personnel under its new defense legislation. The Danish Ministry of Defense will acquire short-range air defense systems for the Danish Army to increase protection against air threats (with no known U.S. bidders at this time). It also hopes to acquire long endurance uncrewed systems (drones) for surveillance and intelligence gathering, close air defense missiles for its Navy frigates, and torpedoes for Navy frigates and Air Force Sea Hawk helicopters. Denmark is also a Tier III participant in the F-35 program and will acquire 27 F-35s for its air force. In its 2021 National Defense Industrial Strategy and Action Plan, Denmark outlined its interest in integrating its defense supply chains with the U.S. companies, specifically in support of the F-35 program. Denmark has also sought to expand partnerships with U.S. prime defense contractors and grow its domestic defense industry. In December 2023, the United States and Sweden signed a Defense Cooperation Agreement (DCA) which regulates the legal status of U.S. forces, access to deployment areas, and pre-positioning of military materiel in Sweden. While the agreement does not contain provisions for industrial cooperation, it advances efforts for the U.S. and Swedish militaries to share capabilities, develop new technology together, and achieve interoperability. As a new member of NATO, Sweden intends to spend more on defense in 2024, with a budget bill that includes investments in artillery systems, tactical transport aircraft, naval vessels and surface combatants, electronic warfare, military fixed-wing aircraft, tactical communication systems and Blekinge-class submarines. Sweden has also stated it will contribute to the NATO Innovation Fund (NIF) and Defense Innovation Accelerator for the North Atlantic (DIANA). Other Products and Services The foregoing analysis of the aerospace and defense opportunities in Sweden and Denmark is not intended to be exhaustive, but illustrative of the many opportunities available to U.S. businesses. Applications from companies selling products or services within the scope of this mission, but not specifically identified, will be considered and evaluated by the U.S. Department of Commerce. Companies whose products or services do not fit the scope of the mission may contact their local U.S. Export Assistance Center (USEAC) to learn about other business development missions and services that may provide more targeted export opportunities. Companies may go to http://trade.gov to obtain such information. Mission Goals The goals of the trade mission are to create opportunities for U.S. companies to showcase their defense and aerospace equipment to Denmark and Sweden's defense, security, and law enforcement authorities, to introduce U.S. firms to aerospace and defense stakeholders in the region, to create opportunities for U.S. companies to find foreign business partners, to develop stronger industry relationships, and to advance U.S. national interests. Participants in this mission will have an opportunity to connect with senior-level Danish and Swedish officials in a setting that facilitates progress on business development projects. For companies new to the market, this will be an opportunity to make initial contacts, learn more about aerospace and defense opportunities in northern Europe, and gain perspective from ITA on specific challenges for U.S. businesses operating in the region. By participating in an official U.S. industry delegation, rather than traveling to the region individually, U.S. industry representatives will enhance their ability to secure meetings and gain greater exposure to the region, as well as leverage the networks of industry buyers, distributors, and industry stakeholders developed by commercial specialists. This mission will: Strengthen connections between U.S. companies and Danish and Swedish aerospace and defense companies, leveraging the U.S. Government and coordinating trade mission activities to maximize the potential for participating U.S. businesses to expand their business and exports to Sweden and Denmark, key NATO allies. Develop stronger industry relationships between U.S. and Swedish and Danish firms to strengthen the relationship between three NATO partners and enhance U.S. economic, national security, and defense goals in the region. Connect participants with senior-level Swedish and Danish officials in a setting that facilitates progress on business development projects. For companies new to the market, this will be an opportunity to make initial contacts and learn more about two key markets in Northern Europe. For the U.S. government, this is an unparalleled opportunity to strengthen our relationship with Denmark's and Sweden's Ministries of Defense to showcase the technology, know-how, and capabilities we have to offer, and demonstrate our interest in partnering with both countries to increase their national security and defense efforts. [[Page 56300]] The mission will travel to Copenhagen, Denmark and Stockholm, Sweden, with companies arriving in Copenhagen on Sunday, October 20, 2024. Companies and staff will meet informally for an optional no-host welcome dinner. In each of the two mission stops, participants will receive a presentation display table, listen to an embassy briefing, attend networking breaks, attend two roundtables with industry officials and business contacts, present their companies capabilities during company pitch sessions and attend an Ambassador reception. U.S. Commercial Service staff will be on-site and available to provide market information and offer logistical assistance to mission participants. Each location will offer an industry site visit as well. Proposed Timetable [*Note: The final schedule and potential site visits will depend on the availability of the host government and business officials, specific goals of mission participants, and ground transportation] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Sunday October 20............ Trade Mission Participants Arrive; informal no-host dinner and excursion. Kronberg Castle Excursion (Optional). Monday October 21............ Company Introductions, U.S. Embassy Briefing and Q&A. Office of Defense Cooperation, Political Section, U.S. Commercial Service, Economic Section. Networking/Coffee. Roundtable 1. Lunch/Briefing. Roundtable 2. Networking. Company pitches. Ambassador reception. Tuesday October 22........... Site visit. Travel to Stockholm. Optional no host diner. Wednesday October 23......... Company Introductions, U.S. Embassy Briefing and Q&A. Office of Defense Cooperation, Political Section, U.S. Commercial Service, Economic Section. Networking/Coffee. Roundtable 1. Lunch/Briefing. Roundtable 2. Networking. Company pitches. Ambassador reception. Thursday October 24.......... Site visit. Program concludes. Friday, October 25........... Return to U.S. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Participation Requirements All parties interested in participating in the trade mission must complete and submit an application package for consideration by the Department of Commerce. All applicants will be evaluated on their ability to meet certain conditions and best satisfy the selection criteria as outlined below. A minimum of 7 and a maximum of 12 firms and/or trade associations will be selected to participate in the mission from the applicant pool. Fees and Expenses After a firm or trade association has been selected to participate in the mission, a payment to the Department of Commerce in the form of a participation fee is required. The participation fee for the U.S. Aerospace & Defense Trade Mission to Denmark and Sweden will be $4,545.00 for small or medium-sized enterprises (SME); \1\ and $6,410.00 for large firms or trade associations. The fee for each additional firm representative (large firm or SME/trade organization) is $1,250.00. Expenses for travel, lodging, meals, and incidentals will be the responsibility of each mission participant. Interpreter and driver services can be arranged for additional cost. Delegation members will be able to take advantage of U.S. Embassy rates for hotel rooms. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ For purposes of assessing participation fees, an applicant is a small or medium-sized enterprise (SME) if it qualifies under the Small Business Administration's (SBA) size standards (https://www.sba.gov/document/support--table-size-standards), which vary by North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) Code. The SBA Size Standards Tool [https://www.sba.gov/size-standards/] can help you determine the qualifications that apply to your company. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- If and when an applicant is selected to participate on a particular mission, a payment to the Department of Commerce in the amount of the designated participation fee below is required. Upon notification of acceptance to participate, those selected have 5 business days to submit payment or the acceptance may be revoked. Participants selected for a business development mission will be expected to pay for the cost of personal expenses, including, but not limited to, international travel, lodging, meals, transportation, communication, and incidentals, unless otherwise noted. Participants will, however, be able to take advantage of U.S. Embassy rates for hotel rooms. In the event that a mission is cancelled, no personal expenses paid in anticipation of a mission will be reimbursed. However, participation fees for a cancelled mission will be reimbursed to the extent they have not already been expended in anticipation of the mission. If a visa is required to travel on a particular mission, applying for and obtaining such a visa will be the responsibility of the mission participant. Government fees and processing expenses to obtain such a visa are not included in the participation fee. However, the Department of Commerce will provide instructions to each participant on the procedures required to obtain business visas. Business Development Mission members participate in missions and undertake mission-related travel at their [[Page 56301]] own risk. The nature of the security situation in a given foreign market at a given time cannot be guaranteed. The U.S. Government does not make any representations or guarantees as to the safety or security of participants. The U.S. Department of State issues U.S. Government international travel alerts and warnings for U.S. citizens available at https://travel.state.gov/content/passports/en/alertswarnings.html. Any question regarding insurance coverage must be resolved by the participant and its insurer of choice. Travel and in-person activities are contingent upon the safety and health conditions in the United States and the mission economies. Should safety or health conditions not be appropriate for travel and/or in-person activities, the Department will consider postponing the event or offering a virtual program in lieu of an in-person agenda. In the event of a postponement, the Department will notify the public, and applicants previously selected to participate in this mission will need to confirm their availability but need not reapply. Should the decision be made to organize a virtual program, the Department will adjust fees accordingly, prepare an agenda for virtual activities, and notify the previously selected applicants with the option to opt-in to the new virtual program. Timeframe for Recruitment and Applications Mission recruitment will be conducted in an open and public manner, including publication in the Federal Register, posting on the Commerce Department trade mission calendar (http://export.gov/trademissions) and other internet websites, press releases to general and trade media, direct mail, notices by industry trade associations and other multiplier groups, and publicity at industry meetings, symposia, conferences, and trade shows. Recruitment for the mission will begin immediately and conclude no later than July 12, 2024. The U.S. Department of Commerce will review applications and inform applicants of selection decisions on a rolling basis. Applications received after July 12, 2024, will be considered only if space and scheduling constraints permit. Contacts Trade Mission Lead Diane Mooney, Director, U.S. Commercial Service--Seattle, WA, 206-553- 7251, [email protected] U.S. Based Recruitment Lead April Redmon, Director, U.S. Commercial Service--Virginia/DC, 703-235- 0103, [email protected] Erik Hunt, Senior International Trade Specialist, U.S. Commercial Service--Indianapolis, IN, [email protected] Jason Sproule, Aerospace & Defense Global Team Leader, Commercial Service Los Angeles, 949-283-0690, [email protected] Kim Wells, Aerospace Team Leader, ITA, Industry & Analysis--Washington, DC, [email protected] Marianne Drain, Senior Commercial Officer, U.S. Embassy Sweden, [email protected] Johan Bjorkman, Commercial Specialist, U.S. Embassy Sweden, [email protected] Tuula Ahlstrom, Commercial Specialist, U.S. Embassy Sweden, [email protected] Christopher Wilken, Senior Commercial Officer, U.S. Embassy Denmark, [email protected] Aleksander Moos, Commercial Specialist, U.S. Embassy Denmark, [email protected] Gemal Brangman, Director, Global Trade Programs. [FR Doc. 2024-14976 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:58.463938

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14987

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56301-56302] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14987] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-570-112] Certain Collated Steel Staples From the People's Republic of China: Final Determination of No Shipments in the 2022-2023 Antidumping Duty Administrative Review AGENCY: Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, Department of Commerce. SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Commerce (Commerce) determines that Zhejiang Best Nail Industrial Co., Ltd. and its affiliated exporter Shaoxing Bohui Import & Export Co., Ltd. (Best Nail/Shaoxing Bohui) made no shipments of subject merchandise during the period of review (POR) July 1, 2022, through June 30, 2023. DATES: Applicable July 9, 2024. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Brian Smith, AD/CVD Operations, Office VIII, Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1401 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20230; telephone: (202) 482-1766. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background On April 3, 2024, Commerce published the Preliminary Results in the Federal Register.\1\ We invited interested parties to comment on the Preliminary Results; however, no interested party submitted comments. Accordingly, we made no changes to the Preliminary Results. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ See Certain Collated Steel Staples from the People's Republic of China: Preliminary Determination of No Shipments and Partial Rescission of Administrative Review; 2022-2023 89 FR 22991 (April 3, 2024) (Preliminary Results). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Scope of the Order 2 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\ See Certain Collated Steel Staples from the People's Republic of China: Antidumping Duty Order, 85 FR 43815 (July 20, 2020) (Order). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The merchandise covered by the scope of this Order is certain collated steel staples. Certain collated steel staples subject to this investigation are made from steel wire having a nominal diameter from 0.0355 inch to 0.0830 inch, inclusive, and have a nominal leg length from 0.25 inch to 3.0 inches, inclusive, and a nominal crown width from 0.187 inch to 1.125 inch, inclusive. Certain collated steel staples may be manufactured from any type of steel, and are included in the scope of this Order regardless of whether they are uncoated or coated, and regardless of the type or number of coatings, including but not limited to coatings to inhibit corrosion. Certain collated steel staples may be collated using any material or combination of materials, including but not limited to adhesive, glue, and adhesive film or adhesive or paper tape. Certain collated steel staples are generally made to American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) specification ASTM F1667-18a, but can also be made to other specifications. Excluded from the scope of this Order are any carton-closing staples covered by the scope of the antidumping duty order on Carton- Closing Staples from the People's Republic of China. See Carton-Closing Staples from the People's Republic of China: Antidumping Duty Order, 83 FR 20792 (May 8, 2018). Also excluded are collated fasteners commonly referred to as ``C- ring hog rings'' and ``D-ring hog rings'' produced from stainless or carbon steel wire having a nominal diameter of 0.050 to 0.081 inches, inclusive. C-ring hog rings are fasteners whose legs are not perpendicular to the crown, but are curved inward resulting in the fastener forming the shape of the letter ``C''. D-ring hog rings are fasteners whose legs [[Page 56302]] are straight but not perpendicular to the crown, instead intersecting with the crown at an angle ranging from 30 degrees to 75 degrees. The hog rings subject to the exclusion are collated using glue, adhesive, or tape. The hog rings subject to this exclusion have either a 90 degree blunt point or 15-75 degree divergent point. Certain collated steel staples subject to this Order are currently classifiable under subheading 8305.20.0000 of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States (HTSUS). While the HTSUS subheading and ASTM specification are provided for convenience and for customs purposes, the written description of the subject merchandise is dispositive. Final Determination of No Shipments In the Preliminary Results, Commerce determined that Best Nail/ Shaoxing Bohui had no shipments of certain collated steel staples during the POR, based on Best Nail/Shaoxing Bohui's timely submitted no-shipment certification and our analysis of information from U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP). We received no comments with respect to our preliminary finding. Therefore, for these final results, we continue to determine that Best Nail/Shaoxing Bohui had no shipments of subject merchandise during the POR.\3\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \3\ See Best Nail/Shaoxing Bohui's Letter, ``Submission of Statement of No Shipment,'' dated October 11, 2023; see also Memoranda, ``No Shipment Inquiry for Zhejiang Best Nail Industrial Co., Ltd. and Shaoxing Bohui Import & Export Co., Ltd. during the period 07/01/2022 through 06/30/2023,'' dated November 6, 2023; and ``Placing CBP Entry Documents on the Record,'' dated January 19, 2024. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Assessment Rates Commerce shall determine, and CBP shall assess, antidumping duties on all appropriate entries in accordance with section 751(a)(2)(C) of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (the Act), and 19 CFR 351.212(b). As Commerce continues to find that Best Nail/Shaoxing Bohui did not have any shipments of subject merchandise during the POR, we will instruct CBP to assess any suspended entries of subject merchandise associated with Best Nail/Shaoxing Bohui at the China-wide rate (i.e., 112.01 percent). Commerce intends to issue assessment instructions to CBP no earlier than 35 days after the date of publication of these final results of review in the Federal Register. If a timely summons is filed at the U.S. Court of International Trade, the assessment instructions will direct CBP not to liquidate relevant entries until the time for parties to file a request for a statutory injunction has expired (i.e., within 90 days of publication). Cash Deposit Requirements The following cash deposit requirements will be effective for all shipments of subject merchandise entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption on or after the publication date of the final results of this administrative review, as provided by section 751(a)(2)(C) of the Act: (1) Best Nail/Shaoxing Bohui's cash deposit rate will continue to be its existing rate, 0.0 percent; \4\ (2) for previously investigated or reviewed Chinese and non-Chinese exporters for which a review was not requested and that received a separate rate in a prior segment of this proceeding, the cash deposit rate will continue to be the existing exporter-specific rate published for the most recently- completed period; (3) for all Chinese exporters of subject merchandise that have not been found to be entitled to a separate rate, the cash deposit rate will be the rate for the China-wide entity; and (4) for all non-Chinese exporters of subject merchandise that have not received their own rate, the cash deposit rate will be the rate applicable to the Chinese exporter that supplied that non-Chinese exporter. These deposit requirements, when imposed, shall remain in effect until further notice. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \4\ See Certain Collated Steel Staples from the People's Republic of China: Final Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review; Final Determination of No Shipments; and Partial Rescission; 2020-2021, 88 FR 8800, 8801 (February 10, 2023). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Notification to Importers Regarding the Reimbursement of Duties This notice serves as a final reminder to importers of their responsibility under 19 CFR 351.402(f)(2) to file a certificate regarding the reimbursement of antidumping and/or countervailing duties prior to liquidation of the relevant entries during this POR. Failure to comply with this requirement could result in Commerce's presumption that reimbursement of antidumping and/or countervailing duties occurred and the subsequent assessment of double antidumping duties. Administrative Protective Order This notice also serves as a final reminder to parties subject to administrative protective orders (APO) of their responsibility concerning the return or destruction of proprietary information disclosed under APO in accordance with 19 CFR 351.305(a)(3), which continues to govern business proprietary information in this segment of the proceeding. Timely written notification of the return or destruction of APO materials, or conversion to judicial protective order, is hereby requested. Failure to comply with the regulations and terms of an APO is a sanctionable violation. Notification to Interested Parties We are issuing and publishing this notice in accordance with sections 751(a)(1) and 777(i)(1) of the Act, and 19 CFR 351.213(h) and 19 CFR 351.221(b)(5). Dated: July 1, 2024. Ryan Majerus, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations, performing the non-exclusive functions and duties of the Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance. [FR Doc. 2024-14987 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3510-DS-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:58.592767

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14986

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56302-56303] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14986] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [C-475-819, C-489-806] Certain Pasta From Italy and the Republic of T[uuml]rkiye: Final Results of the Expedited Fifth Sunset Reviews of the Countervailing Duty Orders AGENCY: Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, Department of Commerce. SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Commerce (Commerce) finds that revocation of the countervailing duty orders on certain pasta from Italy and the Republic of T[uuml]rkiye (T[uuml]rkiye) would be likely to lead to continuation or recurrence of net countervailable subsidies at the rates indicated in the ``Final Results of Expedited Sunset Reviews'' section of this notice. DATES: Applicable July 9, 2024. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Blair Hood, AD/CVD Operations, Office I, Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1401 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20230; telephone: (202) 482-8329. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background On July 24, 1996, Commerce published the countervailing duty orders on certain pasta from Italy and T[uuml]rkiye.\1\ On March 1, 2024, Commerce [[Page 56303]] initiated the fifth sunset reviews of the Orders, pursuant to section 751(c) of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (the Act).\2\ Commerce received a timely notice of intent to participate in each of these reviews from 8th Avenue Food & Provisions, Inc., Philadelphia Macaroni Company, and Winland Foods, Inc. (collectively, the domestic interested parties) within the deadline specified 19 CFR 351.218(d)(1)(i).\3\ The domestic interested parties claimed interested party status under section 771(9)(C) of the Act.\4\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ See Notice of Countervailing Duty Order and Amended Final Affirmative Countervailing Duty Determination: Certain Pasta (``Pasta'') from Italy, 61 FR 38544 (July 24, 1996); see also Notice of Countervailing Duty Order: Certain Pasta (``Pasta'') from Turkey, 61 FR 38546 (July 24, 1996) (collectively, Orders). \2\ See Initiation of Five-Year (Sunset) Reviews, 89 FR 15139 (March 1, 2024). \3\ See Domestic Interested Parties' Letter, ``Notice of Intent to Participate,'' dated March 14, 2024. \4\ Id. at 3. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Commerce received adequate substantive responses from the domestic interested parties within the 30-day deadline specified in 19 CFR 351.218(d)(3)(i).\5\ Commerce did not receive substantive responses from any government or respondent interested party to these proceedings. On April 23, 2024, Commerce notified the U.S. International Trade Commission that it did not receive an adequate substantive response from other interested parties.\6\ As a result, in accordance with section 751(c)(3)(B) of the Act and 19 CFR 351.218(e)(1)(ii)(C)(2), Commerce conducted expedited, i.e., 120-day, sunset reviews of the Orders. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \5\ See Domestic Interested Parties' Letter, ``Substantive Response,'' dated March 29, 2024. \6\ See Commerce's Letter, ``Sunset Reviews Initiated on March 1, 2024,'' dated April 23, 2024. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Scope of the Orders The product covered by the Orders is certain pasta. For a full description of the scope of the Orders, see the Issues and Decision Memoranda.\7\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \7\ See Memoranda, ``Issues and Decision Memorandum for the Final Results of the Expedited Fifth Sunset Review of the Countervailing Duty Order on Certain Pasta from Italy,'' dated concurrently with, and hereby adopted by, this notice; and ``Issues and Decision Memorandum for the Final Results of the Expedited Fifth Sunset Review of the Countervailing Duty Order on Certain Pasta from the Republic of T[uuml]rkiye,'' dated concurrently with, and hereby adopted by, this notice (collectively, Issues and Decision Memoranda). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Analysis of the Comments Received A complete discussion of all issues raised in these sunset reviews, including the likelihood of continuation or recurrence of subsidization in the event of revocation of the Orders and the net countervailable subsidy rates likely to prevail if the Orders were to be revoked, is provided in the Issues and Decision Memoranda. A list of topics discussed in the Issues and Decision Memoranda is included as the appendix to this notice. The Issues and Decision Memoranda are public documents and on file electronically via Enforcement and Compliance's Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Centralized Electronic Service System (ACCESS). ACCESS is available to registered users at https://access.trade.gov. In addition, a complete version of each Issues and Decision Memorandum can be accessed directly at https://access.trade.gov/public/FRNoticesListLayout.aspx. Final Results of Sunset Reviews Pursuant to sections 751(c)(1) and 752(b) of the Act, Commerce determines that revocation of the Order with respect to Italy would be likely to lead to continuation or recurrence of a countervailable subsidies at the following net countervailable subsidy rates: ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Subsidy rate Company (percent ad valorem) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Agritalia, S.r.l........................................ 10.45 Arrighi S.p.A. Industrie Alimentari..................... 10.34 De Matteis Agroalimentare S.p.A......................... 9.64 Delverde, S.r.l......................................... 13.25 F.lli DeCecco di Filippo Fara S. Martino S.p.A.......... 9.90 Industria Alimentare Colavita, S.p.A.................... 9.50 Isola del Grano, S.r.L.................................. 17.19 Italpast S.p.A.......................................... 17.19 Italpasta S.r.l......................................... 10.34 La Molisana Alimentari S.p.A............................ 11.31 Labor, S.r.L............................................ 17.19 Molino e Pastificio DeCecco S.p.A. Pescara.............. 9.90 Pastificio Guido Ferrara................................ 8.83 Pastificio Campano, S.p.A............................... 9.96 Pastificio Riscossa F.lli Mastromauro S.r.L............. 14.30 Tamma Industrie Alimentari di Capitanata................ 13.25 All Others.............................................. 11.01 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Pursuant to sections 751(c)(1) and 752(b) of the Act, Commerce determines that revocation of the Order with respect to T[uuml]rkiye would be likely to lead to continuation or recurrence of a countervailable subsidies at the following net countervailable subsidy rates: ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Subsidy rate Company (percent ad valorem) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Filiz Gida Sanayi ve Ticaret A.S........................ 1.73 Maktas Makarnacilik ve Ticaret A.S...................... 13.19 Oba Makarnacilik Sanayi ve Ticaret...................... 13.18 All Others.............................................. 8.95 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Administrative Protective Order This notice serves as the only reminder to parties subject to an administrative protective order (APO) of their responsibility concerning the disposition of proprietary information disclosed under APO in accordance with 19 CFR 351.305(a). Timely written notification of the return or destruction of APO materials or conversion to judicial protective order is hereby requested. Failure to comply with the regulations and terms of an APO is a violation which is subject to sanction. Notification to Interested Parties We are issuing and publishing these final results in accordance with sections 751(c), 752(c), and 777(i)(1) of the Act, and 19 CFR 351.218. Dated: July 1, 2024. Ryan Majerus, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations, performing the non-exclusive functions and duties of the Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance. Appendix List of Topics Discussed in the Issues and Decision Memoranda I. Summary II. Background III. Scope of the Order IV. History of the Order V. Legal Framework VI. Discussion of the Issues 1. Likelihood of Continuation or Recurrence of a Countervailable Subsidy 2. Net Countervailable Subsidy Rates Likely to Prevail 3. Nature of the Subsidies VII. Final Results of Expedited Sunset Review VIII. Recommendation [FR Doc. 2024-14986 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3510-DS-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:58.662088

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14833

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56303-56305] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14833] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-570-898] Chlorinated Isocyanurates From the People's Republic of China: Preliminary Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review; 2022- 2023 AGENCY: Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, Department of Commerce. SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Commerce (Commerce) preliminarily determines that chlorinated isocyanurates (chlorinated isos) from the People's Republic of China (China) were sold in the United States at less than normal value (NV) during the [[Page 56304]] period of review (POR), June 1, 2022, through May 31, 2023. Interested parties are invited to comment on these preliminary results. DATES: Applicable July 9, 2024. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Sean Carey, AD/CVD Operations, Office VII, Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1401 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20230; telephone: (202) 482-3964. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background On August 3, 2023, Commerce initiated this administrative review of the antidumping duty (AD) order on chlorinated isos from China covering the POR.\1\ This review covers two producers/exporters: Heze Huayi Chemical Co., Ltd. (Heze Huayi); and Juancheng Kangtai Chemical Co., Ltd. (Kangtai). On February 9, 2024, Commerce extended the deadline for the preliminary results of this administrative review by 119 days, until June 28, 2024.\2\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ See Initiation of Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Administrative Reviews, 88 FR 51271 (August 3, 2023). \2\ See Memorandum, ``Chlorinated Isocyanurates from the People's Republic of China: Extension of Deadline for Preliminary Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review,'' dated February 9, 2024. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- For details regarding the events that occurred subsequent to the initiation of this review, see the Preliminary Decision Memorandum.\3\ A list of topics discussed in the Preliminary Decision Memorandum is included as the appendix to this notice. The Preliminary Decision Memorandum is a public document and is on file electronically via Enforcement and Compliance's Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Centralized Electronic Service System (ACCESS). ACCESS is available to registered users at https://access.trade.gov. In addition, a complete version of the Preliminary Decision Memorandum can be accessed directly at https://access.trade.gov/public/FRNoticesListLayout.aspx. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \3\ See Memorandum, ``Decision Memorandum for the Preliminary Results of the 2022-2023 Administrative Review of the Antidumping Duty Order on Chlorinated Isocyanurates from the People's Republic of China,'' dated concurrently with, and hereby adopted by, this notice (Preliminary Decision Memorandum). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Scope of the Order The products covered by the order are chlorinated isos, which are derivatives of cyanuric acid, described as chlorinated s-triazine triones. Chlorinated isos are currently classifiable under subheadings 2933.69.6015, 2933.69.6021, 2933.69.6050, 3808.40.50, 3808.50.40 and 3808.94.5000 of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States. For a complete description of the scope of the order, see the Preliminary Decision Memorandum. The China-Wide Entity Commerce's policy regarding conditional review of the China-wide entity applies to this administrative review.\4\ Under this policy, the China-wide entity will not be under review unless a party specifically requests, or Commerce self-initiates, a review of the entity. Because no party requested a review of the China-wide entity, the entity is not under review, and the entity's rate (i.e., 285.63 percent) is not subject to change.\5\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \4\ See Antidumping Proceedings: Announcement of Change in Department Practice for Respondent Selection in Antidumping Duty Proceedings and Conditional Review of the Nonmarket Economy Entity in NME Antidumping Duty Proceedings, 78 FR 65963 (November 4, 2013). \5\ See Notice of Final Determination of Sales at Less Than Fair Value: Chlorinated Isocyanurates from the People's Republic of China, 70 FR 24502, 24505 (May 10, 2005). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Methodology Commerce is conducting this administrative review in accordance with section 751(a)(1)(A) of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (the Act). Export prices have been calculated in accordance with section 772 of the Act. Because China is a non-market economy within the meaning of section 771(18) of the Act, NV has been calculated in accordance with section 773(c) of the Act. For a full description of the methodology underlying our conclusions, see the Preliminary Decision Memorandum. Preliminary Results of Review Commerce preliminarily determines that Heze Huayi and Kangtai have established their eligibility for a separate rate, and that the following weighted-average dumping margins exist for the period of June 1, 2022, through May 31, 2023: ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Weighted- average Exporter dumping margin (percent) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Heze Huayi Chemical Co. Ltd................................ 9.05 Juancheng Kangtai Chemical Co. Ltd......................... 11.76 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Disclosure and Public Comment Commerce intends to disclose the calculations performed in connection with these preliminary results to interested parties within five days after the date of publication of this notice, or, if there is no public announcement, within five days of the date of publication of this notice in accordance with 19 CFR 351.224(b). Pursuant to 19 CFR 351.309(c), interested parties may submit case briefs to Commerce no later than 30 days after the date of publication of this notice. Rebuttal briefs, limited to issues raised in the case briefs, may be filed not later than five days after the date for filing case briefs.\6\ Interested parties who submit case briefs or rebuttal briefs in this proceeding must submit: (1) a table of contents listing each issue; and (2) a table of authorities.\7\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \6\ See 19 CFR 351.309(d). \7\ See 19 351.309(c)(2) and (d)(2). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- As provided under 19 CFR 351.309(c)(2) and (d)(2), in prior proceedings we have encouraged interested parties to provide an executive summary of their brief that should be limited to five pages total, including footnotes. In this review, we instead request that interested parties provide at the beginning of their briefs a public, executive summary for each issue raised in their briefs.\8\ Further, we request that interested parties limit their public executive summary of each issue to no more than 450 words, not including citations. We intend to use the public executive summaries as the basis of the comment summaries included in the issues and decision memorandum that will accompany the final results in this administrative review. We request that interested parties include footnotes for relevant citations in the public executive summary of each issue. Note that Commerce has amended certain of its requirements pertaining to the service of documents in 19 CFR 351.303(f).\9\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \8\ We use the term ``issue'' here to describe an argument that Commerce would normally address in a comment of the Issues and Decision Memorandum. \9\ See Administrative Protective Order, Service, and Other Procedures in Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Proceedings; Final Rule, 88 FR 67069 (September 29, 2023). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pursuant to 19 CFR 351.310(c), interested parties who wish to request a hearing must submit a written request to the Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance, filed electronically via Enforcement and Compliance's Antidumping and CVD Centralized Electronic Service System (ACCESS). Requests should contain: (1) the party's name, address, and telephone number; (2) the number of participants; and (3) a list of issues to be discussed. Issues raised in the hearing will be limited to those raised in the respective case briefs. An electronically filed hearing request must be received successfully in [[Page 56305]] its entirety by Commerce's electronic records system, ACCESS, by 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time within 30 days after the date of publication of this notice. Final Results of Review Unless extended, we intend to issue the final results of this administrative review, which will include the results of our analysis of issues raised in the case and rebuttal briefs, within 120 days of the date of publication of this notice in the Federal Register.\10\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \10\ See section 751(a)(3)(A) of the Act; see also 19 CFR 351.213(h)(1). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Assessment Rates Upon issuing the final results of this review, Commerce shall determine, and U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) shall assess, antidumping duties on all appropriate entries covered by this review.\11\ Commerce intends to issue assessment instructions to CBP no earlier than 35 days after date of publication of the final results of this review in the Federal Register. If a timely summons is filed at the U.S. Court of International Trade, the assessment instructions will direct CBP not to liquidate relevant entries until the time for parties to file a request for a statutory injunction has expired (i.e., within 90 days of publication). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \11\ See 19 CFR 351.212(b)(1). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- For each individually examined respondent in this review whose weighted-average dumping margin in the final results of review is not zero or de minimis (i.e., less than 0.5 percent), Commerce intends to calculate importer-specific assessment rates for antidumping duties, in accordance with 19 CFR 351.212(b)(1).\12\ Where the respondent reported reliable entered values, Commerce intends to calculate importer- specific ad valorem assessment rates by aggregating the amount of dumping calculated for all U.S. sales to the importer and dividing this amount by the total entered value of the merchandise sold to the importer.\13\ Where the respondent did not report entered values, Commerce will calculate importer-specific assessment rates by dividing the amount of dumping for reviewed sales to the importer by the total quantity of those sales. Commerce will calculate an estimated ad valorem importer-specific assessment rate to determine whether the per- unit assessment rate is de minimis; however, Commerce will use the per- unit assessment rate where entered values were not reported.\14\ Where an importer-specific ad valorem assessment rate is not zero or de minimis, Commerce will instruct CBP to collect the appropriate duties at the time of liquidation. Where either the respondent's weighted average dumping margin is zero or de minimis, or an importer-specific ad valorem assessment rate is zero or de minimis, Commerce will instruct CBP to liquidate appropriate entries without regard to antidumping duties.\15\ For entries that were not reported in the U.S. sales database submitted by an exporter individually examined during this review, but that entered under the case number of that exporter (i.e., at the individually-examined exporter's cash deposit rate), Commerce will instruct CBP to liquidate such entries at the China-wide rate.\16\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \12\ See Antidumping Proceedings: Calculation of the Weighted Average Dumping Margin and Assessment Rate in Certain Antidumping Proceedings: Final Modification, 77 FR 8101 (February 14, 2012) (Final Modification). \13\ See 19 CFR 351.212(b)(1). \14\ Id. \15\ See Final Modification, 77 FR at 8103. \16\ For a full discussion of this practice, see Non-Market Economy Antidumping Proceedings: Assessment of Antidumping Duties, 76 FR 65694 (October 24, 2011). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Cash Deposit Requirements The following cash deposit requirements will be effective upon publication of the final results of this administrative review for all shipments of the subject merchandise from China entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption on or after the publication date, as provided for by section 751(a)(2)(C) of the Act: (1) for the exporters listed above that have a separate rate, the cash deposit rate will be equal to the weighted-average dumping margin established in the final results of this review (except, if the rate is zero or de minimis within the meaning of 19 CFR 351.106(c)(1), then a cash deposit rate of zero will be established for that company); (2) for previously investigated or reviewed Chinese and non-Chinese exporters not listed above that are currently eligible for a separate rate, the cash deposit rate will continue to be equal to the exporter-specific weighted- average dumping margin published for the most recently completed segment of this proceeding; (3) for all Chinese exporters of subject merchandise that have not been found to be entitled to a separate rate, the cash deposit rate will be the cash deposit rate established for the China-wide entity (i.e., 285.63 percent); and (4) for all exporters of subject merchandise that are not located in China and that are not eligible for a separate rate, the cash deposit rate will be the rate applicable to the Chinese exporter(s) that supplied the non-Chinese exporter. These cash deposit requirements, when imposed, shall remain in effect until further notice. Notification to Importers This notice also serves as a reminder to importers of their responsibility under 19 CFR 351.402(f)(2) to file a certificate regarding the reimbursement of antidumping and/or countervailing duties prior to liquidation of the relevant entries during this review period. Failure to comply with this requirement could result in Commerce's presumption that reimbursement of antidumping and/or countervailing duties occurred and the subsequent assessment of double antidumping duties, and/or an increase in the amount of antidumping duties by the amount of the countervailing duties. Notification to Interested Parties We are issuing and publishing these results in accordance with sections 751(a)(1) and 777(i)(1) of the Act, and 19 CFR 351.213 and 19 CFR 351.221(b)(4). Dated: June 28, 2024. Ryan Majerus, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations, performing the non-exclusive functions and duties of the Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance. Appendix List of Topics Discussed in the Preliminary Decision Memorandum I. Summary II. Background III. Scope of the Order IV. Discussion of the Methodology V. Adjustments Under Section 777A(f) of the Act VI. Currency Conversion VII. Recommendation [FR Doc. 2024-14833 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3510-DS-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:58.713189

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14789

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56305-56306] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14789] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), Article 1904 Binational Panel Review: Panel Order To Stay Proceedings AGENCY: United States Section, NAFTA Secretariat, International Trade Administration, Department of Commerce. ACTION: Notice. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The Panel granted a Notice of Motion to Stay Proceedings that was filed on behalf of the Government of Canada; the Governments of Ontario and Qu[eacute]bec; Canfor Corporation, Resolute FP Canada Inc., Tolko [[Page 56306]] Marketing and Sales Ltd. and Tolko Industries Ltd., and West Fraser Mills Ltd. (collectively, the ``Canadian Parties'') in NAFTA dispute USA-CDA-2017-1904-03. Specifically, the Panel ordered that all matters in this proceeding be stayed until the issuance of a mandate pursuant to Fed. R. App. P. 41 in a related appeal now pending before the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit (``CAFC''), Stupp Corp. v. United States, Case No. 23-1663. All other deadlines in this proceeding, including issuance of the final determination by the Panel are stayed. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Vidya Desai, United States Secretary, NAFTA Secretariat, Room 2061, 1401 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20230, 202-482-5438. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Article 1904 of chapter 19 of NAFTA provides a dispute settlement mechanism involving trade remedy determinations issued by the Government of the United States, the Government of Canada, and the Government of Mexico. Following a Request for Panel Review, a Binational Panel is composed to review the trade remedy determination being challenged and issue a binding Panel Decision. There are established NAFTA Rules of Procedure for Article 1904 Binational Panel Reviews, which were adopted by the three governments. For the complete Rules, please see https://can-mex-usa-sec.org/secretariat/agreement-accord-acuerdo/nafta-alena-tlcan/rules-regles-reglas/article-article-articulo_1904.aspx?lang=eng. Dated: July 1, 2024. Vidya Desai, United States Secretary, NAFTA Secretariat. [FR Doc. 2024-14789 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3510-GT-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:58.772559

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14988

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56306-56308] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14988] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE International Trade Administration [A-533-903] Raw Honey From India: Preliminary Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review and Preliminary Partial Rescission of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review; 2021-2023 AGENCY: Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, Department of Commerce. SUMMARY: The U.S. Department of Commerce (Commerce) is conducting an administrative review of the antidumping duty (AD) order on raw honey from India for the period of review (POR) November 23, 2021, through May 31, 2023. Commerce preliminarily finds that sales of subject merchandise were made at prices below normal value (NV) during the POR. We are also preliminarily rescinding the review with respect to 14 companies that had no entries of the subject merchandise during the POR. We invite interested parties to comment on these preliminary results. DATES: Applicable July 9, 2024. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Brittany Bauer or Javier Barrientos, AD/CVD Operations, Office V, Enforcement and Compliance, International Trade Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, 1401 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20230; telephone: (202) 482-3860 or (202) 482-2243, respectively. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background On August 3, 2023, Commerce initiated an administrative review of the AD order on raw honey from India,\1\ in accordance with section 751(a) of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended (the Act). This review covers 30 producers/exporters of subject merchandise. Commerce selected two mandatory respondents for individual examination, Allied Natural Product (Allied) and Indocan Honey Private Limited (Indocan). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ See Initiation of Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Administrative Reviews, 88 FR 51271 (August 3, 2023) (Initiation Notice); see also Raw Honey from Argentina, Brazil, India, and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam: Antidumping Duty Orders, 87 FR 35501 (June 10, 2022) (Order). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- On February 15, 2024, Commerce extended the deadline for these preliminary results until June 28, 2024.\2\ For a complete description of the events that followed the initiation of this review, see the Preliminary Decision Memorandum.\3\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\ See Memorandum, ``Extension of Deadline for Preliminary Results of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review,'' dated February 15, 2024. \3\ See Memorandum, ``Decision Memorandum for the Preliminary Results of the Administrative Review of the Antidumping Duty Order on Raw Honey from India; 2021-2023,'' dated concurrently with, and hereby adopted by, this notice (Preliminary Decision Memorandum). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Scope of the Order The merchandise subject to the Order is raw honey from India. For a full description of the scope, see the Preliminary Decision Memorandum. Methodology Commerce is conducting this review in accordance with sections 751(a)(1)(B) and (2) of the Act. We calculated export price and constructed export price in accordance with section 772 of the Act. We calculated NV in accordance with section 773 of the Act. For a full description of the methodology underlying these preliminary results, see the Preliminary Decision Memorandum. A list of the topics discussed in the Preliminary Decision Memorandum is included as Appendix I to this notice. The Preliminary Decision Memorandum is a public document and is on file electronically via Enforcement and Compliance's Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Centralized Electronic Service System (ACCESS). ACCESS is available to registered users at https://access.trade.gov. In addition, a complete version of the Preliminary Decision Memorandum can be accessed directly at https://access.trade.gov/public/FRNoticesListLayout.aspx. Preliminary Rescission of Administrative Review, in Part Pursuant to 19 CFR 351.213(d)(3), when there are no reviewable entries of subject merchandise during the POR subject to the AD order for which liquidation is suspended, Commerce may rescind an administrative review, in whole or only with respect to a particular exporter or producer.\4\ At the end of the administrative review, any suspended entries are liquidated at the assessment rate computed for the review period.\5\ Therefore, for an administrative review to be conducted, there must be a reviewable, suspended entry to be liquidated at the newly calculated assessment rate. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \4\ See, e.g., Forged Steel Fittings from Taiwan: Rescission of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review; 2018-2019, 85 FR 71317, 71318 (November 9, 2020); see also Certain Circular Welded Non-Alloy Steel Pipe from Mexico: Rescission of Antidumping Duty Administrative Review; 2016-2017, 83 FR 54084 (October 26, 2018). \5\ See 19 CFR 351.212(b)(1). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- On August 9, 2023, we released U.S. import data from U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) for the purpose of respondent selection.\6\ These data showed that 14 companies for which Commerce initiated an administrative review had no reviewable, suspended entries of subject merchandise.\7\ Accordingly, pursuant to 19 CFR 351.213(d)(3) and (d)(4), we are preliminarily rescinding this administrative review with respect to the 14 companies listed in Appendix II to this notice that had no reviewable, suspended entries of subject merchandise during the POR. Absent evidence of a shipment on the record from the 14 companies listed in [[Page 56307]] Appendix II during the POR, Commerce intends to rescind its review of these companies, pursuant to 19 CFR 351.213(d)(3). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \6\ See Memorandum, ``Placing U.S. Customs and Border Protection Data on the Record,'' dated August 9, 2023. \7\ Id. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rate for Companies Not Individually Examined The Act and Commerce's regulations do not address the establishment of a weighted-average dumping margin to be assigned to companies not selected for individual examination when Commerce limits its examination in an administrative review pursuant to section 777A(c)(2) of the Act. Generally, Commerce looks to section 735(c)(5) of the Act, which provides instructions for calculating the all-others rate in an investigation, for guidance when determining the weighted-average dumping margin for companies which were not selected for individual examination in an administrative review. Under section 735(c)(5)(A) of the Act, the all-others rate is normally ``an amount equal to the weighted average of the estimated weighted average dumping margins established for exporters and producers individually investigated, excluding any zero and de minimis margins, and any margins determined entirely {on the basis of facts available{time} .'' We preliminarily calculated a de minimis dumping margin for Allied and an above de minimis margin for Indocan. Accordingly, we have preliminarily assigned to the non-selected companies a rate of 0.59 percent, i.e., the rate for Indocan, because that is the only rate that is not zero, de minimis, or based entirely on facts available. Preliminary Results of the Review We preliminarily determine that the following weighted-average dumping margins exist for the period November 23, 2021, through May 31, 2023: --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \8\ The exporters or producers not selected for individual examination are listed in Appendix III. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Weighted- average Exporter/producer dumping margin (percent) ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Allied Natural Product...................................... 0.00 Indocan Honey Private Limited............................... 0.59 Companies Not Selected for Individual Review \8\............ 0.59 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Disclosure and Public Comment We intend to disclose the calculations performed to parties within five days after public announcement of the preliminary results or, if there is no public announcement, within five days of the date of publication of this notice.\9\ Interested parties may submit case briefs no later than 30 days after the date of publication of this notice.\10\ Rebuttal briefs, limited to issues raised in the case briefs, may be filed not later than five days after the date for filing case briefs.\11\ Interested parties who submit case or rebuttal briefs in this proceeding must submit: (1) a table of contents listing each issue; and (2) a table of authorities.\12\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \9\ See 19 CFR 351.224(b). \10\ See 19 CFR 351.309(c)(1)(ii); see also 19 CFR 351.303 (for general filing requirements). \11\ See 19 CFR 351.309(d); see also Administrative Protective Order, Service, and Other Procedures in Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Proceedings, 88 FR 67069, 67077 (September 29, 2023). \12\ See 19 351.309(c)(2) and (d)(2). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- As provided under 19 CFR 351.309(c)(2) and (d)(2), in prior proceedings we have encouraged interested parties to provide an executive summary of their briefs that should be limited to five pages total, including footnotes. In this review, we instead request that interested parties provide at the beginning of their briefs a public, executive summary for each issue raised in their briefs.\13\ Further, we request that interested parties limit their public executive summary of each issue to no more than 450 words, not including citations. We intend to use the public executive summaries as the basis of the comment summaries included in the issues and decision memorandum that will accompany the final results in this administrative review. We request that interested parties include footnotes for relevant citations in the public executive summary of each issue. Note that Commerce has amended certain of its requirements pertaining to the service of documents in 19 CFR 351.303(f).\14\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \13\ We use the term ``issue'' here to describe an argument that Commerce would normally address in a comment of the Issues and Decision Memorandum. \14\ See Administrative Protective Order, Service, and Other Procedures in Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Proceedings; Final Rule, 88 FR 67069 (September 29, 2023). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Interested parties who wish to request a hearing must submit a written request to the Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance, filed electronically via ACCESS.\15\ Requests should contain: (1) the party's name, address, and telephone number; (2) the number of participants and whether any participant is a foreign national; and (3) a list of issues to be discussed. Issues raised in the hearing will be limited to those raised in case and rebuttal briefs.\16\ If a request for a hearing is made, Commerce intends to hold the hearing at a time and date to be determined. A hearing request must be filed electronically using ACCESS and received in its entirety by 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time within 30 days after the publication of this notice. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \15\ See 19 CFR 351.310(c). \16\ See 19 CFR 351.310. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Assessment Rates Upon completion of the final results of this administrative review, Commerce shall determine, and CBP shall assess, antidumping duties on all appropriate entries covered by this review.\17\ Pursuant to 19 CFR 351.212(b)(1), if the weighted-average dumping margin for Allied or Indocan is not zero or de minimis (i.e., less than 0.50 percent) in the final results of this review, we will calculate importer-specific assessment rates based on the ratio of the total amount of dumping calculated for the importer's examined sales to the total entered value of those same sales. If either respondent's weighted-average dumping margin is zero or de minimis in the final results of review, or if an importer-specific assessment rate is zero or de minimis, Commerce will instruct CBP to liquidate appropriate entries without regard to antidumping duties. The final results of this review shall be the basis for the assessment of antidumping duties on entries of merchandise covered by this review, and for future deposits of estimated duties, where applicable.\18\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \17\ See 19 CFR 351.212(b). \18\ See section 751(a)(2)(C) of the Act. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- In accordance with Commerce's ``automatic assessment'' practice, for entries of subject merchandise during the POR produced by Allied or Indocan for which the company did not know that the merchandise was destined for the United States, we will instruct CBP to liquidate those entries at the all-others rate established in the original less-than- fair-value (LTFV) investigation (i.e., 5.87 percent) \19\ if there is no rate for the intermediate company(ies) involved in the transaction.\20\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \19\ See Order, 87 FR at 35503. \20\ For a full discussion of this practice, see Antidumping and Countervailing Duty Proceedings: Assessment of Antidumping Duties, 68 FR 23954 (May 6, 2003). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- For the companies listed in Appendix III which were not selected for individual examination, we will assign an assessment rate based on the review-specific rate, calculated as noted in the ``Rate for Companies Not Individually Examined'' section, above. The final results of this review shall be the basis for the assessment of antidumping duties on entries of merchandise covered by the final results of this [[Page 56308]] review and for future deposits of estimated duties, where applicable.\21\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \21\ See section 751(a)(2)(C) of the Act. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- If, in the final results, we continue to find that the administrative review for the companies listed in Appendix II should be rescinded, we will instruct CBP to assess antidumping duties on any suspended entries that entered under the CBP case numbers of those companies (i.e., at those exporters' rates) at a rate equal to the cash deposit of estimated antidumping duties required at the time of entry, or withdrawal from warehouse, for consumption, during the POR. Commerce intends to issue assessment instructions to CBP no earlier than 35 days after the date of publication of the final results of this review in the Federal Register. If a timely summons is filed at the U.S. Court of International Trade, the assessment instructions will direct CBP not to liquidate relevant entries until the time for parties to file a request for a statutory injunction has expired (i.e., within 90 days of publication). Cash Deposit Requirements The following cash deposit requirements will be effective for all shipments of the subject merchandise entered, or withdrawn from warehouse, for consumption on or after the publication date of the final results of this administrative review, as provided by section 751(a)(2)(C) of the Act: (1) the cash deposit rate for the companies listed above will be equal to the weighted-average dumping margins established in the final results of this review, except if the rate is less than 0.50 percent and, therefore, de minimis within the meaning of 19 CFR 351.106(c)(1), in which case the cash deposit rate will be zero; (2) for merchandise exported by a company not covered in this review, but covered in a prior segment of the proceeding, the cash deposit rate will be the company-specific rate published for the most recently- completed segment in which it was reviewed; (3) if the exporter is not a firm covered in this review or in the original LTFV investigation, but the producer is, then the cash deposit rate will be the rate established for the most recently-completed segment of this proceeding for the producer of the merchandise; and (4) the cash deposit rate for all other producers or exporters will continue to be 5.87 percent, the all-others rate established in the LTFV investigation.\22\ These cash deposit requirements, when imposed, shall remain in effect until further notice. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \22\ See Order, 81 FR at 11176. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Final Results of Review Unless otherwise extended, Commerce intends to issue the final results of this administrative review, including the results of its analysis of the issues raised in any written briefs, no later than 120 days after the date of publication of this notice, pursuant to section 751(a)(3)(A) of the Act and 19 CFR 351.213(h)(1). Notification to Importers This notice serves as a preliminary reminder to importers of their responsibility under 19 CFR 351.402(f)(2) to file a certificate regarding the reimbursement of antidumping duties prior to liquidation of the relevant entries during this POR. Failure to comply with this requirement could result in Commerce's presumption that reimbursement of antidumping duties occurred and the subsequent assessment of double antidumping duties. Notification to Interested Parties Commerce is issuing and publishing these preliminary results in accordance with sections 751(a)(1) and 777(i) of the Act, and 19 CFR 351.213 and 19 CFR 351.221(b)(4). Dated: June 28, 2024. Ryan Majerus, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy and Negotiations, performing the non-exclusive functions and duties of the Assistant Secretary for Enforcement and Compliance. Appendix I--List of Topics Discussed in the Preliminary Decision Memorandum I. Summary II. Background III. Scope of the Order IV. Preliminary Partial Rescission of Administrative Review V. Discussion of the Methodology VI. Currency Conversion VII. Recommendation Appendix II--Companies for Which We Are Preliminarily Rescinding the Administrative Review 1. AA Food Factory 2. Alpro 3. Aone Enterprises 4. Apl Logistics 5. Bee Hive Farms 6. Dabur India Limited 7. Ess Pee Quality Products 8. Infinator Pvt., Ltd. 9. Natural Agro Foods 10. NYSA Agro Foods 11. Shan Organics 12. Sunlite Organic 13. UTMT 14. Vedic Systems Appendix III--Companies Not Selected for Individual Examination 1. Ambrosia Natural Products (India) Private Limited/Ambrosia Enterprise/Sunlite India Agro Producer Co., Ltd. 2. Apis India Limited 3. Brij Honey Pvt., Ltd. 4. Ganpati Natural Products 5. GMC Natural Product 6. Hi Tech Natural Products India Ltd. 7. Kejriwal Bee Care India Private Limited 8. KK Natural Food Industries LLP 9. Pearlcot Enterprises 10. Queenbee Foods Pvt. Ltd. 11. Salt Range Foods Pvt. Ltd. 12. Shakti Api Foods Private Limited \23\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \23\ We also initiated this review on ``Shakti Apifoods Pvt Ltd,'' which we are preliminarily considering to be the same company. See Initiation Notice. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13. Shiv Apiaries 14. Yieppie Internationals [FR Doc. 2024-14988 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3510-DS-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:58.826310

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14980

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56308-56314] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14980] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Institute of Standards and Technology CHIPS National Advanced Packaging Manufacturing Program (NAPMP) Advanced Packaging Research and Development AGENCY: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Department of Commerce. ACTION: Notice of intent (NOI). ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The CHIPS Research and Development Office (CHIPS R&D) intends to announce, via a Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO), an open competition for new research and development (R&D) activities to establish and accelerate domestic capacity for semiconductor advanced packaging. The purpose of this NOI is to offer preliminary information to potential applicants, facilitating the development of meaningful partnerships and strong, responsive proposals relevant to one or more of five R&D areas: Equipment, Tools, Processes, and Process Integration; Power Delivery and Thermal Management; Connector Technology, Including Photonics and Radio Frequency (RF); Chiplets Ecosystem; and Co-design/Electronic Design Automation (EDA). In addition to the R&D areas, the NOFO is expected to include a specific opportunity for prototype development in exemplar application areas such as high-performance computing and low-power systems needed for AI. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Questions may be directed via email to [[Page 56309]] [email protected] with ``2024-NIST-CHIPS-NAPMP-Advanced Packaging'' in the subject line, or via phone to Bill Burwell at 240-224-4335. All answers to questions, provided at the sole discretion of CHIPS R&D, will be posted on the CHIPS R&D website at https://www.nist.gov/chips/chips-RD-funding-opportunities, with further information provided on this site once the open competition has been announced. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Purpose. The CHIPS Research and Development Office (CHIPS R&D) intends to announce, via a Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO), an open competition for new research and development (R&D) activities to establish and accelerate domestic capacity for semiconductor advanced packaging. The technical focus and R&D goals of the NOFO are expected to be informed by recent industry roadmaps, which share the common theme that emerging applications like high performance computing and low power electronics, both needed for artificial intelligence (AI), require leap-ahead advances in microelectronics capabilities, including advanced packaging. Advanced packaging allows manufacturers to make improvements in performance and function and to shorten time to market. Additional benefits include a reduced physical footprint, lower power, increased chiplet reuse, and potentially decreased costs. Achieving these goals requires coordinated investments to support integrated R&D activities to establish leading-edge domestic capacity for semiconductor advanced packaging. In addition to the R&D areas, the NOFO is expected to include a specific opportunity for prototype development in exemplar application areas. These exemplar applications are likely to focus on areas such as high-performance computing and low-power systems needed for AI. Prototypes should be designed to demonstrate and validate research advances and new packaging flows resulting from projects supported through this NOFO. More information about the expected CHIPS R&D NAPMP Advanced Packaging Research and Development NOFO will be available on the CHIPS for Amercia website at https://www.nist.gov/chips/chips-rd-funding- opportunities. CHIPS R&D anticipates awarding a total of up to approximately $1,600,000,000 in cooperative agreements and other transaction agreements in amounts up to approximately $150,000,000 in federal funds per award. Multiple awards for projects varying in scope and funding amount are expected within this NOFO, with a period of performance of up to 5 years per award. While co-investment will not be required, CHIPS R&D will give preference to applications that demonstrate credible co-investment commitments. The purpose of this NOI is to offer preliminary information to potential applicants, facilitating the development of meaningful partnerships and strong, responsive proposals relevant to one or more of the R&D research and prototype \1\ development areas described below. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ The term ``prototype'' is used throughout to refer to a functional system produced through an end-to-end advanced packaging process flow for the purpose of demonstrating the characteristics of that flow and the prototype design, including packaging process characteristics such as process stability, yield, reliability, and defectivity; and prototype characteristics such as functionality, performance, power/energy consumption, and thermal dissipation. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CHIPS R&D Mission. The CHIPS and Science Act appropriated approximately $50 billion to the Department of Commerce--$39 billion in incentives to onshore semiconductor manufacturing and $11 billion to advance U.S. leadership in semiconductor R&D. Within CHIPS for America, the mission of CHIPS R&D is to accelerate the development and commercial deployment of foundational semiconductor technologies by establishing, connecting, and providing access to domestic research efforts, tools, resources, workers, and facilities. NAPMP Objectives. NAPMP, one of multiple CHIPS R&D initiatives, seeks to drive U.S. leadership in advanced packaging and provide the technology and skilled workforce needed for packaging manufacturing in the United States. Within a decade, NAPMP-funded activities, coupled with CHIPS manufacturing incentives, will establish a vibrant, self- sustaining, profitable, domestic packaging industry where advanced node chips manufactured in the United States and abroad can be packaged in appropriate volumes within the United States and innovative designs and architectures are enabled through leading-edge packaging capabilities. In combination with other CHIPS for America education and workforce efforts, NAPMP-funded activities will also produce the diverse and capable workforce needed for the success of the domestic packaging sector. Advanced Packaging Research and Development NOFO Objective. The intended objective of the NOFO will be to enable, through R&D, innovative new advanced packaging flows suitable for adoption by U.S. industry. To pursue this objective, CHIPS R&D expects to design the NOFO with the following elements. First, the NOFO is expected to set out R&D areas to be supported in addressing key challenges and technology gaps in advanced packaging. Second, it is expected to provide for coordinated R&D efforts aligned through common technical targets so that results collectively contribute to composable and implementable advanced packaging flows. Finally, it is expected to provide for demonstrating the benefits of R&D results through a combination of prototypes and baseline packaging flows. Background. The technical focus and R&D goals of this NOFO are expected to be informed by a series of industry roadmaps, including the 2024 IEEE Heterogeneous Integration Roadmap (https://eps.ieee.org/technology/heterogeneous-integration-roadmap/2024-edition.html) and International Roadmap for Devices and Systems (https://irds.ieee.org/editions), the Semiconductor Research Corporation (SRC) Microelectronics Advanced Packaging Technologies Roadmap (https://srcmapt.org/); the UCLA and SEMI Manufacturing Roadmap for Heterogeneous Integration and Electronics Packaging (https://chips.ucla.edu/page/MRHIEPProject/MRHIEP Final Report); and the iNEMI 5G/6G mmWave Materials and Electrical Test Technology Roadmap (https://www.inemi.org/article_content.asp?adminkey=cc22bf8eb1bfb8248c594509fe54dd9b&article=275). Collectively, these roadmaps emphasize that emerging technologies like high performance computing and artificial intelligence, advanced telecommunications, biomedical devices, and autonomous vehicles require leap-ahead advances in microelectronics capabilities. In the past, the semiconductor industry has largely addressed performance needs by increasing the number and density of transistors on a chip, a process known as miniaturization. However, the previous pace of miniaturization, as expressed by Moore's Law, is slowing and cannot alone provide the performance improvements needed for emerging microelectronics technologies. Improving all aspects of system performance to support the breadth of new semiconductor applications will require innovations in advanced packaging. Semiconductor packaging serves two general purposes. One is to protect the chip mechanically, thermally, and environmentally. The other is to enable reliable inter-chip communication and [[Page 56310]] data processing, power delivery, and a stable test and system integration platform. Advanced packaging and related capabilities, such as heterogeneous integration, are designed to increase all aspects of system performance by linking multi-component-assemblies with large numbers of interconnects to achieve a degree of integration that blurs the line between chip and package. Program Drivers: In designing proposals, applicants should consider in their planning activities the below five program drivers guiding the design of this NOFO. 1. Scale-down and Scale-out 2. Heterogeneous Integration, including Chiplets 3. End-to-End Advanced Packaging Flows 4. Prototypes for Demonstrating Functionality 5. Aligned R&D efforts for Implementable Advanced Packaging Flows These program drivers are aligned with the industry roadmaps referenced above and the objectives outlined in the Vision for the National Advanced Packaging Manufacturing Program (https://www.nist.gov/system/files/documents/2023/11/19/NAPMP-Vision-Paper-20231120.pdf). The drivers are outlined below and are expected to be relevant to all R&D areas under this NOFO. Review, evaluation, and selection criteria for the NOFO are expected to include consideration of these drivers. The first program driver is the ability in advanced packaging to ``scale-down and scale-out.'' Scaling-down refers to shrinking the size of the features on the package and increasing interconnect densities. Scaling out refers to increasing the number of chips assembled on the substrate and overall functional density in both 2-dimensional (2D) and 3-dimensional (3D) architectures. Examples of scaling down goals and targets can be found in the MRHIEP roadmap (https://chips.ucla.edu/page/MRHIEP%20Project/MRHIEP%20Final%20Report). Applicants should consider in their planning activities interdisciplinary approaches that contribute to scaling-down and scaling-out in advanced packaging. The primary driver for advanced 2D and 3D packaging technologies is the need for increased interconnect densities to support [heterogeneous integration] and deliver increasing bandwidth in a power efficient manner while enabling efficient power delivery. NIEEE Heterogeneous Integration Roadmap 2024 (https://chips.ucla.edu/page/MRHIEP%20Project/MRHIEP%20Final%20Report). The second driver is advancing capabilities for heterogeneous integration (HI), including chiplets.\2\ This driver focuses on the NAPMP objective for ``creating an advanced packaging ecosystem based on heterogeneous chiplet technology to promote widespread and easy use of the technologies developed.'' \3\ Applicants should incorporate considerations for heterogeneous integration and chiplets-based architectures in their research planning. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\ The term ``chiplets'' refers throughout to the design of small, functionally targeted semiconductor chips that, when assembled at tight pitch and placement, result in a highly functional subsystem. Examples of chiplets in an ecosystem include common functions such as CPU, input/output devices, memory, domain- specific accelerators, etc. \3\ The Vision for the National Advanced Packaging Manufacturing Program (NAPMP Vision Paper, https://www.nist.gov/document/vision-national-advanced-packaging-manufacturing-program), Nov. 2023. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Heterogeneous Integration is essential to maintain the pace of progress with higher performance, lower latency, smaller size, lighter weight, lower power requirement per function, and lower cost. IEEE Heterogeneous Integration Roadmap 2021 (https://eps.ieee.org/images/files/HIR_2021/ch01_overview.pdf). [T]he exponential growth in package pin counts and I/O power consumption, domain-specific architectures, technical and business models of [intellectual property] reuse, and mixed technology node chiplets will drive advances in HI and advanced packaging. SRC MAPT Roadmap (https://srcmapt.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/SRC-MAPT-Roadmap-2023-v4.pdf). The third program driver is enabling end-to-end advanced packaging flows suitable for adoption by industry. This driver addresses the NAPMP objective to ``develop packaging platforms capable of both high- volume and customized manufacturing.'' \3\ To address this driver, applicants should plan for implementing their research outputs in a full packaging flow. The CHIPS Research and Development Office has designed the NAPMP to include an Advanced Packaging Piloting Facility ([N]APPF) where successful development efforts will be transitioned and validated for scaled transition to U.S. manufacturing. NAPMP Vision Paper (https://www.nist.gov/document/vision-national-advanced-packaging-manufacturing-program). The fourth driver is demonstrating functionality in prototypes to provide evidence for new capabilities, increased efficiencies, lowered production costs, reduced environmental impact, or other benefits resulting from research advances. This driver addresses the NAPMP objective to ``enable successful advanced packaging development efforts to be validated and transitioned at scale to U.S. manufacturing.'' \3\ NAPMP expects to support projects to design prototypes in application areas such as high-performance computing and artificial intelligence and low-power systems under the NOFO. The final driver is aligning R&D efforts so that R&D results are not isolated or incompatible, but instead collectively contribute to implementable advanced packaging flows. Successful applicants should expect to participate in coordination and information-sharing across projects in all R&D areas. The NOFO is expected to include provisions for coordination and cooperation activities connecting all of the R&D projects. Advanced Packaging Research and Development NOFO Objectives: Consistent with the research incentives areas identified in the NAPMP Vision Paper (https://www.nist.gov/document/vision-national-advanced-packaging-manufacturing-program), the NOFO is expected to focus on proposals in one or more of five R&D areas with the potential to strategically enhance domestic advanced packaging capabilities through innovation in: 1. Equipment, Tools, Processes, and Process Integration; 2. Power Delivery and Thermal Management; 3. Connector Technology, Including Photonics and Radio Frequency (RF); 4. Chiplets Ecosystem; and/or 5. Co-design/Electronic Design Automation (EDA). Within these areas, CHIPS R&D intends to fund R&D activities that establish and promote relevant domestic capability and capacity, with the following objectives: 1. Accelerate domestic R&D and innovation in advanced packaging; 2. Transition advanced packaging innovation into U.S. manufacturing, such that these technologies are available to U.S. manufacturers and customers, including to significantly benefit U.S. economic and national security; 3. Support the establishment of a robust, sustainable, domestic capacity for advanced packaging R&D, prototyping, commercialization, and manufacturing; and [[Page 56311]] 4. Promote a pipeline of skilled and diverse workers for a sustainable domestic advanced packaging industry. To ensure that funded R&D meets the above objectives, CHIPS R&D expects to specify technical targets for applicants to achieve within each of the five R&D areas described below. Individual proposals may address one or more of the R&D areas. Note that these R&D areas are aligned with the relevant research investment areas set out in the NAPMP Vision Paper (https://www.nist.gov/document/vision-national-advanced-packaging-manufacturing-program). R&D Area 1: Equipment, tools, processes, and process integration: This R&D area is expected to include developing: (1) end-to-end packaging flows that enable a chiplet-based advanced packaging architecture suitable for commercial adoption; (2) advanced, flexible, extensible process technologies required to produce a packaged subassembly; and (3) new packaging equipment needed to run the packaging processes and to handle the required substrates, wafers and dies, all at the scaled down dimensions set out in the previous NAPMP Materials and Substrates NOFO, located at https://www.nist.gov/document/nofo-national-advanced-packaging-manufacturing-program-napmp-materials-substrates (see Table 2, page 14) and designed for use at commercial scale. R&D in this area is expected to focus on five packaging process clusters, with a cluster defined as a sequence of steps that enable a key part of the packaging flow. The five process clusters expected to be relevant to this NOFO are: 1. Chiplet Singulation: Producing singulated chiplets from incoming wafers that are fully patterned with dies, for subsequent assembly. 2. Chiplet to Substrate Bonding: Positioning and attaching chiplets with ultra-fine-pitch bonding pads to substrates, in dense arrays with close chiplet-to-chiplet spacing. This includes bonding techniques designed to improve bond quality, positioning precision, process flexibility, process efficiency, and overall cluster efficiency. Examples include thermal compression bonding, fusion bonding, hybrid bonding, multi-step sequences, and other methods. 3. Chiplet Reconstitution: Placing and attaching singulated chiplets on a carrier. Reconstitution should be compatible with the scaled down dimensions set out in the previous NAPMP Materials and Substrates NOFO, located at https://www.nist.gov/document/nofo-national-advanced-packaging-manufacturing-program-napmp-materials-substrates (see table 2, page 14). 4. 3-Dimensional Integration (3DI): Forming heterogeneous chiplet stacks with ultra-fine bonding pad pitches. 5. Finishing: Incorporating advanced power delivery, passivation, thermal management, and connectors, including photonics, into the packaged device. NAPMP expects that proposals within this R&D area may address one or more of these clusters, including the relevant equipment, tools, and processes. The NOFO is expected to call for comprehensive R&D approaches that encompass interactions between steps and step sequencing within each cluster. The NOFO is also expected to include proposals addressing cluster assembly, i.e., sequencing of multiple clusters for end-to-end packaging process flows suitable for use in advanced packaging of prototypes. Note that the specific processes and sequence of steps within each cluster are expected to be driven by the requirements of the prototype to be packaged. R&D Area 2: Power delivery and thermal management: The expected focus of this R&D area is to address the challenges introduced by advanced packaging in terms of power delivery, power efficiency, and thermal management. Examples of the associated research challenges expected to be considered in this R&D area include the following. 1. New thermal solutions--for implementation with advanced substrates, 3D heterogeneous integration (3DHI), and other design aspects--to reduce hotspots, maintain thermal targets, and enable reliability in multilayer stacks without constraining connectivity. 2. Innovative approaches for delivering power at high density with efficient voltage regulators and dynamic power management schemes for 3DHI devices, including modular designs and devices for use with a variety of chiplets. 3. Validated, higher fidelity models and accelerated learning using artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) to accurately predict power and thermal distribution across chiplet stacks and enable advanced system design and evaluation. 4. Integrated power and thermal management to reach efficiency and power density goals with modular designs for use with fine-pitch, bonded stacks of chiplets. It is expected that proposals within this area may consider related research challenges within other R&D areas, such as Co-design/ Electronic Design Automation and Chiplets Ecosystem. Expected to be in scope are vertical heat extraction, local heat spreading, advanced methods for active and passive cooling of 3DHI devices to reliably operate at higher power density, wide bandgap chiplets for 3DHI, and advanced materials and architectures to achieve specific thermal and power goals such as low-resistance thermal interfaces. Expected to be out of scope are discrete packaged wide bandgap devices and conventional cooling approaches. R&D Area 3: Connector Technology, Including Photonics and RF: The expected goal for this R&D area is innovation for high data-rate, low latency, small footprint, error-free, and energy-efficient connections between packaged sub-assemblies. It is expected that the intended sub- assemblies will be chiplet populated substrates where the substrates have the characteristics set out in Section 1.5 of the NAPMP Materials and Substrates NOFO, located at https://www.nist.gov/document/nofo-national-advanced-packaging-manufacturing-program-napmp-materials-substrates. NAPMP expects that, depending on the distance between the packaged assemblies, the mode of data transfer may be via flexible wire, such as serializer/deserializer (SerDes) with or without repeaters; wireless, including RF; or low-loss photonics via optical fiber arrays. It is also expected that projects may address one or more of these modes of data transfer. RF transceivers and optical engines are expected to be provided using chiplet-based technology or embedded directly into the advanced substrates. Potential applicants are encouraged to focus on new scale-down and scale-out technologies for connections that enable secure communications and provide for mechanical, electrical, and thermal reliability. It is expected that chiplet sub-assemblies to substrate connectors will be in scope for this R&D area. Expected to be out of scope are traditional ball grid array (BGA) or land grid array (LGA) connectors and conventional wire bonding. R&D Area 4: Chiplets Ecosystem: This R&D area is expected to focus on developing a comprehensive set of novel technologies for chiplet ecosystems that leverage advanced packaging to enable application- specific integrated packages that go beyond the capabilities of conventional monolithic ASICs (application-specific integrated circuits). It is expected that chiplets in an application-specific integrated package will need to communicate and operate together. For this NOI, the term [[Page 56312]] ``chiplet ecosystem'' is used to refer to: (1) a set of chiplets that can be used to form application-specific integrated packages and (2) the set of requirements new chiplets have to follow to be added to the ecosystem. Consistent with this definition, chiplets in an ecosystem can be combined in multiple ways to form diverse products. It is expected that successful proposals should develop a chiplet ecosystem that meets as many of the following goals as is possible. The ecosystem provides for increasing performance over time by continually leveraging the tighter bond pitch and more intimate interaction that will be made possible by fine-pitch packaging, starting at a bond pitch of ~10 microns. The ecosystem enables designs that consist of a discrete number of chiplets, include support for 3D stacks, and are based on a chiplet integration layer specification that is not adequately addressed in current open systems and reduces the cost of adding new chiplets. System performance in the ecosystem can be increased by increasing the number of chiplets. For example, a high-performance chiplet ecosystem can be scaled up by increasing the number of chiplets rather than by developing new larger chiplets. This scaling up strategy enables going from a multi-chiplet device design comparable to a monolithic ASIC to a ``rack `n' pack'' device (i.e., an application- specific integrated package comparable to a wafer-scale processor). The ecosystem enables designers to address all supported design requirements with provisions to accommodate yield loss in packaging assembly and optimize power and energy to meet performance requirements with the available system resources. It is expected that proposals should be centered around exemplar applications in the areas of high-performance computing/AI, and low- power applications. It is expected that the NOFO will require applicants to plan for making chiplets resulting from funded project research available for purchase at cost in prototype quantities and in wafer form for research use at the National Advanced Packaging Piloting Facility (NAPPF). It is expected that, in addition to ecosystem development, chiplets for packaging process development that support any of the other five R&D areas will be in scope. Memory is also expected to be in scope but must be at fine bond pitch consistent with NAPMP scale-down goals (see Section 1.5 of the NAPMP Materials and Substrates NOFO, located at https://www.nist.gov/document/nofo-national-advanced-packaging-manufacturing-program-napmp-materials-substrates). Expected to be out of scope for this R&D area are: designs that are extensions of conventional approaches based on commodity packaging and that do not directly leverage advanced packaging in their architecture; designs tightly coupled to the choice of an SoC-bus (system-on-chip bus) or other high-level protocols; or standalone chiplet designs for any function not coupled to a chiplet ecosystem. Also expected to be out of scope are ecosystem design proposals that: focus on unmodified reuse of existing chiplets; target the development of new chiplets to integrate existing chiplets into new architectures; do not leverage advanced packaging; or do not provide for the delivery of chiplets and application-specific integrated packages. R&D Area 5: Co-design/Electronic Design Automation: The expected focus of this R&D area is co-design with automated tools of multi- chiplet subsystems for advanced packaging in scaled-down and scaled-out designs (see NAPMP Materials and Substrates NOFO Table 2, page 14 for insights into relevant dimensions and capabilities, located at https://www.nist.gov/document/nofo-national-advanced-packaging-manufacturing-program-napmp-materials-substrates). This includes innovations in EDA interoperability; EDA-enabled incorporation and co-optimization of chiplets of different sizes in a large platform design including logical electrical, photonic, thermal, and mechanical models; and advances in seamless integration of the chip to package. Additional areas could include the use of artificial intelligence/machine learning (AI/ML) in package design and design approaches for test, repair, security, and reliability including graceful failure through designs that enable continued operation at a reduced performance level after failure of one or more components. Applicants should address comprehensive co-design capabilities that include a detailed understanding of the substrate and processes used for assembly, including power and thermal management, and connector solutions. It is expected that EDA that addresses purely monolithic applications without consideration of chiplets, heterogeneity and the multi-scale, multi- physics packaging environment will be out of scope for this R&D area. Prototype Development: In addition to the five R&D areas listed above, the NOFO is expected to include opportunities for prototype development in exemplar application areas such as high-performance computing and artificial intelligence, and low-power systems applications. The goal in prototype development is to establish new advanced packaging flows that leverage the technologies being developed across the five R&D areas. Functionality will be a requirement, and prototypes should be designed to provide a means for assessing relevant packaging characteristics such as yield and preliminary reliability. Commercial Viability and Domestic Production: In accordance with 15 U.S.C. 4656(g), the NOFO will include requirements for a commercial viability and domestic production plan (https://www.nist.gov/system/files/documents/2024/03/12/CHIPS%20R%26D%20Commercial%20Viability%20and%20 Domestic%20Production%20CVDP%20Plan%20Guidebook.pdf), describing activities to be funded as part of the proposed project and, potentially, additional commercialization activities beyond the period of performance. The CVDP plan must include a realistic business model for the funded innovations, include a technology transition plan, and describe pathways to benefitting national and economic security, such as through the domestic availability of the technology and successful adoption by commercial or defense partners. Education and Workforce Development: The NOFO is expected to include requirements for an education and workforce development plan, (https://www.nist.gov/system/files/documents/2024/06/17/CHIPS%20RD%20Education%20and%20Workforce%20Development%20Plan%20Guidebook-508C.pdf), that leverages capabilities supported through the proposed project to address domestic advanced packaging workforce needs, including educational opportunities arising from engaging students in research. NAPMP encourages applicants to, in providing an Education and Workforce Development (EWD) plan, describe any efforts to attract and retain a diverse student and trainee population and to demonstrate that the EWD efforts are worker centered, industry-aligned, and promote good jobs with working conditions consistent with the Good Jobs Principles (https://www.dol.gov/general/good-jobs/principles), published by the Department and the U.S. Department of Labor. National Advanced Packaging Piloting Facility: The CHIPS Research and Development Office has designed the NAPMP to include a NAPPF, where [[Page 56313]] successful research and development efforts will be implemented and validated for suitability for volume-scaled manufacturing. The specific tools and capabilities of the NAPPF will be aligned with the ``scale down and scale out'' strategy described in the NAPMP Vision Paper (https://www.nist.gov/document/vision-national-advanced-packaging-manufacturing-program). Additional details regarding the NAPPF will be posted to the CHIPS for America website (https://www.nist.gov/chips/chips-RD-funding-opportunities) as they are announced. Where applicable, proposers responding to the NOFO are expected to be asked to implement their research outputs in the NAPPF once established. NAPMP program managers will work with applicants in the post-award phase to facilitate work with the NAPPF. Technical Targets: Each R&D area is expected to include technical targets selected by CHIPS R&D for their potential to guide innovation toward the scale-down and scale-out goals of the program. Applicants should review the previous NAPMP Materials and Substrates NOFO, located at https://www.nist.gov/document/nofo-national-advanced-packaging-manufacturing-program-napmp-materials-substrates, which provides detailed insights into the NAPMP ``scale down and scale out'' targets. Sections 1.4.3, Technical Areas, and 1.5, Project-level Technical Targets, provide detailed information about substrate materials and technical targets. Eligible Use of Funds. Funded activities are expected to include, but not necessarily be limited to, basic and applied research, development of relevant advanced packaging manufacturing-scale equipment and processes, the design and demonstration of prototypes, commercial viability and domestic manufacturing preparation, workforce education and training, and pilot-level fabrication. Eligibility. CHIPS R&D expects eligible lead applicants and subrecipients will include for-profit organizations; non-profit organizations; accredited institutions of higher education, including community and technical colleges and minority serving institutions; and state, local, territorial, and Tribal governments. Entities that operate Federally Funded Research and Development Centers (FFRDCs) may be eligible to receive this funding as subrecipients to an eligible applicant to the extent allowed by law, based on the unique and specific needs of the project. It is expected that the NOFO will require that applicants must be domestic entities, meaning entities incorporated in the United States (including U.S. territories) with their principal place of business in the United States, including U.S. territories, and will potentially be subject to other eligibility requirements. Subrecipients are those who are designated by the lead applicant as subrecipients, included in the proposed budget, and whose activities are a continuing part of ongoing project activities with their work tailored to specific project goals, such as research and development activities, education and workforce activities, and other integral project efforts. Vendors selling goods and services to award recipients in the ordinary course of business are not considered subrecipients. It is expected that foreign organizations may be permitted to participate as members of a project team, as sub-subrecipients or contractors, subject to CHIPS R&D approval based on a written justification that the foreign partner's involvement is essential to advancing program objectives, among other considerations. R&D Collaboration: CHIPS R&D expects that applicants assembling teams (i.e., with a lead applicant from industry or academia and one or more subrecipients) may be best suited to collectively provide the full range of expertise and capabilities needed to achieve the program objectives and to successfully strengthen U.S. advanced packaging innovation. Equally important, effective partnerships can promote inventiveness, clarify future demand, improve transparency and security, solidify business and domestic manufacturing plans (including plans for technology adoption by defense and commercial partners), help educate the future workforce, mitigate the risk of future chip shortages or oversupply, and support a more productive, efficient, and self-sustaining semiconductor ecosystem. CHIPS R&D therefore strongly encourages applications from teams that demonstrate collaboration across the innovation, manufacturing, supply chain, and customer landscape, as well as across the industry, non-profit, and academic sectors. Applications that do not include teams may be required to include a justification for the proposed single-entity approach. Application Process and Award Information. The envisioned application process consists of a mandatory concept paper and a required full application. CHIPS R&D anticipates a due date for concept papers of approximately 60 days after the date of NOFO publication. Full applications would only be accepted from applicants invited to apply after the concept paper stage. Submissions from entities other than those specifically invited to submit a full application would not be reviewed or considered in any way. CHIPS R&D expects to host a webinar series after this NOI is released to provide additional opportunities to learn about the Notice of Intent. Details regarding the time and date of webinar events will be posted on the CHIPS R&D website at https://www.nist.gov/chips/chips-RD-funding-opportunities. Participation in webinars is not a prerequisite for submitting a concept paper or application. Additionally, to provide the public with an opportunity to learn more about the NOFO, CHIPS R&D expects to host a Proposers Day after the NOFO is released to familiarize potential applicants with the NOFO objectives and program structure. CHIPS R&D will announce details regarding the date and location of Proposers Day via the CHIPS R&D website at https://www.nist.gov/chips/chips-RD-funding-opportunities. Attendance is not a prerequisite for submitting a concept paper or application. Competition Information. Once the open competition has been announced, further information may be found at https://www.nist.gov/chips/chips-RD-funding-opportunities. System for Award Management. In anticipation of the NOFO, CHIPS R&D encourages potential applicants to complete the following steps, which are required to submit concept papers and full applications for Federal assistance: Register with the System for Award Management (SAM) at https://www.sam.gov. CHIPS R&D strongly encourages applicants to register for SAM.gov as early as possible. While this process ordinarily takes between three days and two weeks, in some circumstances it can take six or more weeks to complete due to information verification requirements. Recipients will be required to maintain an active registration in SAM and re-validate registration annually. Register for a Grants.gov (http://www.grants.gov/) account. It is advisable also to go to ``manage subscriptions'' on Grants.gov and sign up to receive automatic updates when amendments to a funding opportunity are posted. Disclaimer. This NOI does not constitute a solicitation. No applications may be submitted in response to this NOI. Any inconsistency between information within this Notice and the eventual NOFO announcing CHIPS R&D/NAPMP Advanced Packaging awards competition shall be resolved in favor of the NOFO. [[Page 56314]] Authority. DOC CHIPS activities are authorized by Title XCIX-- Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors for America of the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021 (Pub. L. 116-283, often referred to as the CHIPS Act). Alicia Chambers, NIST Executive Secretariat. [FR Doc. 2024-14980 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3510-13-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:58.898552

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14998

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Page 56314] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14998] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [RTID 0648-XE063] Fisheries of the U.S. Caribbean; Southeast Data, Assessment, and Review (SEDAR); Public Meeting AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce. ACTION: Notice of SEDAR 84 Assessment Webinar VII for U.S Caribbean Yellowtail Snapper and Stoplight Parrotfish. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The SEDAR 84 assessment process of U.S. Caribbean yellowtail snapper and stoplight parrotfish will consist of a Data Workshop, and a series of assessment webinars, and a Review Workshop. See SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION. DATES: The SEDAR 84 assessment webinar VII will be held July 26, 2024, from 10 a.m. to 12 p.m., Eastern Time. ADDRESSES: Meeting address: The meeting will be held via webinar. The webinar is open to members of the public. Those interested in participating should contact Julie A. Neer at SEDAR (see FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT) to request an invitation providing webinar access information. Please request webinar invitations at least 24 hours in advance of each webinar. SEDAR address: 4055 Faber Place Drive, Suite 201, North Charleston, SC 29405. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Julie A. Neer, SEDAR Coordinator; phone: (843) 571-4366; email: [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Gulf of Mexico, South Atlantic, and Caribbean Fishery Management Councils, in conjunction with NOAA Fisheries and the Atlantic and Gulf States Marine Fisheries Commissions have implemented the Southeast Data, Assessment and Review (SEDAR) process, a multi-step method for determining the status of fish stocks in the Southeast Region. SEDAR is a multi-step process including: (1) Data Workshop, (2) a series of assessment webinars, and (3) A Review Workshop. The product of the Data Workshop is a report that compiles and evaluates potential datasets and recommends which datasets are appropriate for assessment analyses. The assessment webinars produce a report that describes the fisheries, evaluates the status of the stock, estimates biological benchmarks, projects future population conditions, and recommends research and monitoring needs. The product of the Review Workshop is an Assessment Summary documenting panel opinions regarding the strengths and weaknesses of the stock assessment and input data. Participants for SEDAR Workshops are appointed by the Gulf of Mexico, South Atlantic, and Caribbean Fishery Management Councils and NOAA Fisheries Southeast Regional Office, HMS Management Division, and Southeast Fisheries Science Center. Participants include data collectors and database managers; stock assessment scientists, biologists, and researchers; constituency representatives including fishermen, environmentalists, and NGO's; International experts; and staff of Councils, Commissions, and state and federal agencies. The items of discussion during the Assessment webinar VII are as follows: Panelists will review and discuss and finalize the assessment modeling for stoplight parrotfish in St. Croix. Although non-emergency issues not contained in this agenda may come before this group for discussion, those issues may not be the subject of formal action during this meeting. Action will be restricted to those issues specifically identified in this notice and any issues arising after publication of this notice that require emergency action under section 305(c) of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act, provided the public has been notified of the intent to take final action to address the emergency. Special Accommodations The meeting is physically accessible to people with disabilities. Requests for sign language interpretation or other auxiliary aids should be directed to the Council office (see ADDRESSES) at least 5 business days prior to each workshop. Note: The times and sequence specified in this agenda are subject to change. Authority: 16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq. Dated: July 3, 2024. Rey Israel Marquez, Acting Deputy Director, Office of Sustainable Fisheries, National Marine Fisheries Service. [FR Doc. 2024-14998 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3510-22-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:58.939990

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15000

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56314-56315] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15000] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [RTID 0648-XE077] Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council (MAFMC); Public Meeting AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce. ACTION: Notice; public meeting. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council's Summer Flounder, Scup, and Black Sea Bass Monitoring Committee will hold a public webinar meeting. DATES: The meeting will be held on Thursday, August 1, 2024, from 9 a.m. until 1 p.m. For agenda details, see SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION. ADDRESSES: The meeting will be held via webinar. Connection information will be posted at www.mafmc.org prior to the meeting. Council address: Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council, 800 N State Street, Suite 201, Dover, DE 19901; telephone: (302) 674-2331; www.mafmc.org. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Christopher M. Moore, Ph.D., Executive Director, Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council, telephone: (302) 526-5255. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Summer Flounder, Scup, and Black Sea Bass Monitoring Committee will meet via webinar to discuss management measures for all three species. The objectives of this meeting are for the Monitoring Committee to: (1) Review recent stock assessment information, fishery performance, and recommendations from the Advisory Panel, Scientific and Statistical Committee, and staff; (2) Recommend 2025 commercial and recreational annual catch limits, annual catch targets, commercial quotas, and recreational harvest limits for black sea bass; (3) review previously specified 2025 catch and landings limits for summer flounder and scup, and recommend changes if warranted; (4) Review commercial management measures for all three species and [[Page 56315]] recommend changes if needed; and (5) receive an update on the framework action/addendum to modify the commercial summer flounder mesh exemption programs. Meeting materials will be posted to www.mafmc.org. Special Accommodations The meeting is physically accessible to people with disabilities. Requests for sign language interpretation or other auxiliary aid should be directed to Shelley Spedden, (302) 526-5251, at least 5 days prior to the meeting date. Authority: 16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq. Dated: July 3, 2024. Rey Israel Marquez, Acting Deputy Director, Office of Sustainable Fisheries, National Marine Fisheries Service. [FR Doc. 2024-15000 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3510-22-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:59.000779

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15002

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Page 56315] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15002] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [RTID 0648-XE091] South Atlantic Fishery Management Council; Public Meetings AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce. ACTION: Notice of public meetings. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The South Atlantic Fishery Management Council (Council) will hold four in-person port meetings gathering input on Atlantic king mackerel and Atlantic Spanish mackerel as managed by the Fishery Management Plan for Coastal Migratory Pelagic Resources in the Gulf of Mexico and Atlantic Region. DATES: The port meetings will take place July 30, 2024, August 1, 2024, August 7, 2024, and August 8, 2024. The port meetings will begin at 6 p.m., local time. For specific dates and times, see SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION. ADDRESSES: Meeting addresses: The public hearings will be held in Pooler, GA; Townsend, GA; Murrells Inlet, SC; Charleston, SC. For specific locations, see SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION. Please visit the South Atlantic Council website at www.safmc.net for meeting materials and location information. Council address: South Atlantic Fishery Management Council, 4055 Faber Place Drive, Suite 201, N Charleston, SC 29405. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Christina Wiegand, Fishery Social Scientist, SAFMC; phone: (843) 571-4366 or toll free: (866) SAFMC-10; fax: (843) 769-4520; email: [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The South Atlantic Fishery Management Council is hosting a series of port meetings along the Atlantic coast throughout 2024 in order to take a focused look at the Atlantic king mackerel and Atlantic Spanish mackerel fisheries. The agenda for the four in-person public hearings is as follows: Council staff will briefly introduce port meetings and the Council's goals and objectives. Attendees will then have the opportunity, through a series of discussion-based breakout groups, to provide input on a variety of issues related to the Atlantic king mackerel and Spanish mackerel fisheries including changing environmental conditions, needed management changes, commercial and recreational fishery dynamics, and the goals and objectives of the Coastal Migratory Pelagics Fishery Management Plan. Information provided during port meetings will be summarized and presented to the Council for use in management decision- making. Additional port meetings will be scheduled along the Atlantic coast throughout the remainder of 2024. In-Person Locations: Tuesday, July 30, 2024: National Museum of the Mighty Eighth Air Force, 175 Bourne Ave., Pooler, GA 31322; phone: (912) 748-8888; Thursday, August 1, 2024: Sapelo Saltwater Fishing Club, 3576 Old Shellman Rd., Townsend, GA 31331; Wednesday, August 7, 2024: Murrells Inlet Community Center, 4462 Murrells Inlet Rd., Murrells Inlet, SC 29576; phone: (843) 545-3651; and Thursday, August 8, 2024: South Carolina Department of Natural Resources Outdoor Classroom, 217 Fort Johnson Rd., Charleston, SC 29412; phone: (843) 953-9300. Special Accommodations These meetings are physically accessible to people with disabilities. Requests for auxiliary aid should be directed to the Council office (see ADDRESSES) 3 days prior to the meeting. Note: The times and sequence specified in this agenda are subject to change. Authority: 16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq. Dated: July 3, 2024. Rey Israel Marquez, Acting Deputy Director, Office of Sustainable Fisheries, National Marine Fisheries Service. [FR Doc. 2024-15002 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3510-22-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:59.048307

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14999

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56315-56316] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14999] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [RTID 0648-XE071] Pacific Fishery Management Council; Public Meeting AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce. ACTION: Notice of public meeting. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The Pacific Fishery Management Council (Pacific Council) will convene an online meeting of its Ad Hoc Equity and Environmental Justice Committee (EEJC) to discuss the NMFS Equity and Environmental Justice (EEJ) Strategy Regional Implementation Plan (Regional Plan). This meeting is open to the public. DATES: The online meeting will be held Thursday August 1, 2024, from 1 p.m. to 5 p.m., Pacific Time. The scheduled ending time for this meeting is an estimate. The meeting will adjourn when business for the day is completed. ADDRESSES: This meeting will be held online. Specific meeting information, including directions on how to join the meeting and system requirements will be provided in the meeting announcement on the Pacific Council's website (see www.pcouncil.org). You may send an email to Mr. Kris Kleinschmidt ([email protected]) or contact him at (503) 820-2412 for technical assistance. Council address: Pacific Fishery Management Council, 7700 NE Ambassador Place, Suite 101, Portland, OR 97220-1384. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Angela Forristall, Staff Officer, Pacific Council; telephone: (503) 820-2419. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The EEJC will have an organizational meeting to discuss the NMFS EEJ Strategy Regional Implementation Plan. This committee was formed by the Pacific Council at its April 2023 meeting to assist the Council in addressing EEJ issues and, in particular, to advise the Council on working with NMFS on the Regional Implementation Plan and the geographic strategic plan. No management actions will be decided by the EEJC, but recommendations may be provided to the Pacific Council at its September 18-23, 2024 meeting. A detailed agenda for the webinar will be available on the Pacific Council's website prior to the meeting. Although non-emergency issues not contained in the meeting agenda may be [[Page 56316]] discussed, those issues may not be the subject of formal action during this meeting. Action will be restricted to those issues specifically listed in this document and any issues arising after publication of this document that require emergency action under section 305(c) of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act, provided the public has been notified of the intent to take final action to address the emergency. Special Accommodations Requests for sign language interpretation or other auxiliary aids should be directed to Mr. Kris Kleinschmidt ([email protected]; (503) 820-2412) at least 10 days prior to the meeting date. Authority: 16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq. Dated: July 3, 2024. Rey Israel Marquez, Acting Deputy Director, Office of Sustainable Fisheries, National Marine Fisheries Service. [FR Doc. 2024-14999 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3510-22-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:59.085980

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15005

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Page 56316] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15005] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [RTID 0648-XE078] Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council (MAFMC); Public Meeting AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce. ACTION: Notice; public meeting. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council's Bluefish Monitoring Committee will hold a public webinar meeting. DATES: The meeting will be held on Friday, August 2, 2024, from 10 a.m. to 12 p.m. For agenda details, see SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION. ADDRESSES: The meeting will be held via webinar. Webinar connection, agenda items, and any additional information will be available at www.mafmc.org/council-events. Council address: Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council, 800 N State Street, Suite 201, Dover, DE 19901; telephone: (302) 674-2331 or on their website at www.mafmc.org. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Christopher M. Moore, Ph.D., Executive Director, Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council, telephone: (302) 526-5255. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Bluefish Monitoring Committee will meet via webinar on August 2, 2024, from 10 a.m. until 12 p.m., to review previously adopted 2025 commercial and recreational Annual Catch Limits, Annual Catch Targets, commercial quota, and recreational harvest limit for bluefish and recommend changes as appropriate. In addition, the Monitoring Committee will review commercial and recreational management measures and recommend changes, if needed. During this meeting, the Monitoring Committee will consider recent fishery performance as well as recommendations from the Bluefish Advisory Panel, Scientific and Statistical Committee, and Council staff. Meeting materials will be posted to www.mafmc.org. Special Accommodations The meeting is physically accessible to people with disabilities. Requests for sign language interpretation or other auxiliary aids should be directed to Shelley Spedden at the Council Office, (302) 526- 5251, at least 5 days prior to the meeting date. Authority: 16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq. Dated: July 3, 2024. Rey Israel Marquez, Acting Deputy Director, Office of Sustainable Fisheries, National Marine Fisheries Service. [FR Doc. 2024-15005 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3510-22-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:59.147489

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14997

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Page 56316] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14997] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [RTID 0648-XE010] Fisheries of the South Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean; Southeast Data, Assessment, and Review (SEDAR) Public Meeting AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce. ACTION: Notice of the SEDAR Steering Committee meeting. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The SEDAR Steering Committee will meet to discuss the SEDAR stock assessment process and assessment schedule. See SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION. DATES: The SEDAR Steering Committee will meet Monday, July 29, 2024, from 9 a.m. until 5 p.m., Eastern, via webinar. The established times may be adjusted as necessary to accommodate the timely completion of discussion relevant to the SEDAR process. Such adjustments may result in the meeting being extended from or completed prior to the time established by this notice. ADDRESSES: Meeting address: The meeting will be held via webinar. The webinar is open to members of the public. Those interested in participating should contact Julie Neer (see FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT) to request an invitation providing webinar access information. Please request webinar invitations at least 24 hours in advance of each webinar. SEDAR address: 4055 Faber Place Drive, Suite 201, N Charleston, SC 29405; www.sedarweb.org. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Julie A. Neer, SEDAR Program Manager, 4055 Faber Place Drive, Suite 201, North Charleston, SC 29405; phone: (843) 571-4366 or toll free (866) SAFMC-10; fax: (843) 769-4520; email: [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The SEDAR Steering Committee provides guidance and oversight of the SEDAR stock assessment program and manages assessment scheduling. The items of discussion for this meeting are as follows: SEDAR projects update, SEDAR projects schedule, SEDAR process review, and discussions. The committee will also conduct other business as needed. Although non-emergency issues not contained in this agenda may come before this group for discussion, those issues may not be the subject of formal action during this meeting. Action will be restricted to those issues specifically identified in this notice and any issues arising after publication of this notice that require emergency action under section 305(c) of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act, provided the public has been notified of the intent to take final action to address the emergency. Special Accommodations This meeting is accessible to people with disabilities. Requests for auxiliary aids should be directed to the SEDAR office (see ADDRESSES) at least 10 business days prior to the meeting. Note: The times and sequence specified in this agenda are subject to change. Authority: 16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq. Dated: July 3, 2024. Rey Israel Marquez, Acting Deputy Director, Office of Sustainable Fisheries, National Marine Fisheries Service. [FR Doc. 2024-14997 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3510-22-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:59.200975

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15021

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Page 56317] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15021] [[Page 56317]] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Evaluation of Padilla Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve; Notice of Public Meeting; Request for Comments AGENCY: Office for Coastal Management, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce. ACTION: Notice of public meeting and opportunity to comment. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Office for Coastal Management, will hold an in-person public meeting to solicit input on the performance evaluation of the Padilla Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve. NOAA also invites the public to submit written comments. DATES: NOAA will hold an in-person public meeting at 5 p.m. Pacific Daylight Time (PDT) on Tuesday, September 10, 2024. NOAA may close the meeting 10 minutes after the conclusion of public testimony and after responding to any clarifying questions from hearing participants. NOAA will consider all relevant written comments received by Friday, September 20, 2024. ADDRESSES: Comments may be submitted by one of the following methods: In-Person Public Meeting: Provide oral comments during the in-person public meeting on Tuesday, September 10, 2024 at 5 p.m. PDT at the Steven Center Conference Room at the Padilla Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, 10441 Bayview Edison Road, Mount Vernon, WA 98273. Email: Send written comments to Michael Migliori, Evaluator, NOAA Office for Coastal Management, at [email protected]. Include ``Comments on Performance Evaluation of Padilla Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve'' in the subject line. NOAA will accept anonymous comments; however, the written comments NOAA receives are considered part of the public record, and the entirety of the comment, including the name of the commenter, email address, attachments, and other supporting materials, will be publicly accessible. Sensitive personally identifiable information, such as account numbers and Social Security numbers, should not be included with the comments. Comments that are not related to the performance evaluation of the Padilla Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve or that contain profanity, vulgarity, threats, or other inappropriate language will not be considered. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Michael Migliori, Evaluator, NOAA Office for Coastal Management, by email at [email protected] or by phone at (443) 332-8936. Copies of the previous evaluation findings, reserve management plan, and reserve site profile may be viewed and downloaded at https://coast.noaa.gov/czm/evaluations/. A copy of the evaluation notification letter and most recent progress report may be obtained upon request by contacting Michael Migliori. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Section 315(f) of the Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA) requires NOAA to conduct periodic evaluations of federally approved national estuarine research reserves. The evaluation process includes holding one or more public meetings, considering public comments, and consulting with interested Federal, State, and local agencies and members of the public. During the evaluation, NOAA will consider the extent to which the State of Washington has met the national objectives and has adhered to the management plan approved by the Secretary of Commerce, the requirements of section 315(b)(2) of the CZMA, and the terms of financial assistance under the CZMA. When the evaluation is complete, NOAA's Office for Coastal Management will place a notice in the Federal Register announcing the availability of the final evaluation findings. Authority: 16 U.S.C. 1461. Keelin Kuipers, Deputy Director, Office for Coastal Management, National Ocean Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. [FR Doc. 2024-15021 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3510-08-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:59.275452

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15012

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56317-56341] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15012] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [RTID 0648-XD855] Takes of Marine Mammals Incidental to Specified Activities; Taking Marine Mammals Incidental to Gary Paxton Industrial Park Vessel Haulout Project in Sitka, Alaska AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce. ACTION: Notice; proposed incidental harassment authorization; request for comments on proposed authorization and possible renewal. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: NMFS has received a request from the City and Borough of Sitka (CBS) for authorization to take marine mammals incidental to the Gary Paxton Industrial Park Vessel Haulout Project in Sawmill Cove in Sitka, Alaska. Pursuant to the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA), NMFS is requesting comments on its proposal to issue an incidental harassment authorization (IHA) to incidentally take marine mammals during the specified activities. NMFS is also requesting comments on a possible one-time, 1-year renewal that could be issued under certain circumstances and if all requirements are met, as described in the Request for Public Comments section at the end of this notice. NMFS will consider public comments prior to making any final decision on the issuance of the requested MMPA authorization and agency responses will be summarized in the final notice of our decision. DATES: Comments and information must be received no later than August 8, 2024. ADDRESSES: Comments should be addressed to Jolie Harrison, Chief, Permits and Conservation Division, Office of Protected Resources, National Marine Fisheries Service and should be submitted via email to [email protected]. Electronic copies of the application and supporting documents, as well as a list of the references cited in this document, may be obtained online at: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/national/marine-mammal-protection/incidental-take-authorizations-construction-activities. In case of problems accessing these documents, please call the contact listed below. Instructions: NMFS is not responsible for comments sent by any other method, to any other address or individual, or received after the end of the comment period. Comments, including all attachments, must not exceed a 25-megabyte file size. All comments received are a part of the public record and will generally be posted online at https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/permit/incidental-take-authorizations-under-marine-mammal-protection-act without change. All personal identifying information (e.g., name, address) voluntarily submitted by the commenter may be publicly accessible. Do not submit confidential business [[Page 56318]] information or otherwise sensitive or protected information. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Kate Fleming, Office of Protected Resources (OPR), NMFS, (301) 427-8401. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background The MMPA prohibits the ``take'' of marine mammals, with certain exceptions. Sections 101(a)(5)(A) and (D) of the MMPA (16 U.S.C. 1361 et seq.) direct the Secretary of Commerce (as delegated to NMFS) to allow, upon request, the incidental, but not intentional, taking of small numbers of marine mammals by U.S. citizens who engage in a specified activity (other than commercial fishing) within a specified geographical region if certain findings are made and either regulations are proposed or, if the taking is limited to harassment, a notice of a proposed IHA is provided to the public for review. Authorization for incidental takings shall be granted if NMFS finds that the taking will have a negligible impact on the species or stock(s) and will not have an unmitigable adverse impact on the availability of the species or stock(s) for taking for subsistence uses (where relevant). Further, NMFS must prescribe the permissible methods of taking and other ``means of effecting the least practicable adverse impact'' on the affected species or stocks and their habitat, paying particular attention to rookeries, mating grounds, and areas of similar significance, and on the availability of the species or stocks for taking for certain subsistence uses (referred to in shorthand as ``mitigation''); and requirements pertaining to the mitigation, monitoring and reporting of the takings are set forth. The definitions of all applicable MMPA statutory terms cited above are included in the relevant sections below. National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) To comply with the NEPA of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) and NOAA Administrative Order (NAO) 216-6A, NMFS must review our proposed action (i.e., the issuance of an IHA) with respect to potential impacts on the human environment. This action is consistent with categories of activities identified in Categorical Exclusion B4 (IHAs with no anticipated serious injury or mortality) of the Companion Manual for NAO 216-6A, which do not individually or cumulatively have the potential for significant impacts on the quality of the human environment and for which we have not identified any extraordinary circumstances that would preclude this categorical exclusion. Accordingly, NMFS has preliminarily determined that the issuance of the proposed IHA qualifies to be categorically excluded from further NEPA review. We will review all comments submitted in response to this notice prior to concluding our NEPA process or making a final decision on the IHA request. Summary of Request On January 18, 2024, NMFS received a request from CBS for an IHA to take marine mammals incidental to construction associated with the Gary Paxton Industrial Park Vessel Haulout Project in Sawmill Cove in Sitka, Alaska. Following NMFS' review of the application, CBS submitted a revised version on March 20, 2024, and another on April 27, 2024. The application was deemed adequate and complete on May 20, 2024. CBS's request is for take of nine species of marine mammals by Level B harassment and, for a subset of those species, by Level A harassment. Neither CBS nor NMFS expect serious injury or mortality to result from this activity and, therefore, an IHA is appropriate. NMFS previously issued an IHA to CBS for similar work (82 FR 47717, October 13, 2017). CBS complied with all the requirements (e.g., mitigation, monitoring, and reporting) of the previous IHA, and information regarding their monitoring results may be found in the Potential Effects of Specified Activities on Marine Mammals and Their Habitat section. This proposed IHA would cover 1 year of a larger project; CBS intends to request a future take authorization for subsequent facets of the project. In year 1, construction of the following elements would be completed: 150-ton capacity vessel haulout piers, expanded uplands including stormwater collection and treatment, and a vessel washdown pad. The larger multi-year project involves construction of a queuing float, approach dock and gangway, a pile-supported deck area, vessel haulout ramp, an uplands shipyard, and pile anodes. While not proposed to be constructed as part of this project, CBS's goal is to eventually construct additional haulout piers to accommodate removal of vessels up to 300 tons. Description of Proposed Activity Overview The CBS is proposing to construct a vessel haulout facility at Gary Paxton Industrial Park in Sawmill Cove in Sitka, Alaska. Sitka is home to one of the largest fishing fleets in Alaska, but no public vessel haulout facility has existed in Sitka since March 2022. The project would enable vessels to be hauled out for maintenance, ensuring safety of operating fleet traffic and boosting the local economy through jobs and enterprise at nearby marine service providers. Over the course of 1 year between October 2024 and September 2025, CBS would use vibratory and impact pile driving and vibratory removal to install and extract piles. These methods of pile driving would introduce underwater sounds that may result in take, by Levels A and B harassment, of marine mammals. Dates and Duration The proposed IHA would be effective from October 1, 2024, to September 30, 2025. The project would require approximately 62 days of pile driving between October 15 and March 15. In-water construction activities would only occur during daylight hours, and typically over a 10- to 12-hour work day. Specific Geographic Region Sawmill Cove is a small body of water located near Sitka, Alaska, at the mouth of Silver Bay, which opens to the Sitka Sound and Gulf of Alaska (see figures 1 and 2 in CBS's IHA application). Sawmill Cove has a fairly even and shallow seafloor that gradually falls to a depth of approximately 40 meters (m) (131 feet (ft)). To the southeast, Silver Bay is approximately 0.8 kilometers (km) (0.5 miles (mi)) wide, 8.9 km (5.5 mi) long, and 40-85 m (131-279 ft) deep. The bay is uniform with few rock outcroppings or islands. To the southwest, the Eastern Channel opens to Sitka Sound, dropping off to depths of 120 m (400 ft) approximately 1.6 km (1 mi) southwest of the project site. Sawmill Cove is an active marine commercial and industrial area, which includes a multipurpose, deep-water dock constructed in 2017 to accommodate large vessel services, Silver Bay Seafoods' processing plant, a Northern Southeast Regional Aquaculture Association hatchery, and other tenants such as Northline Seafoods, Serka Welding and Boat Fabrication, and Island Fever Diving. [[Page 56319]] [GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TN09JY24.008 Detailed Description of the Specified Activity CBS proposes to construct a vessel haulout facility within the Gary Paxton Industrial Park in Sawmill Cove, Sitka Alaska. Activities to be completed during the period of the proposed IHA include the construction of 150-ton capacity vessel haulout piers, expanded uplands including stormwater collection and treatment, and a vessel washdown pad. Major equipment and materials associated with construction would most likely be mobilized to the project site from Juneau, another southeast Alaska location, or Seattle, Washington. The larger multi- year project involves construction of a queuing float, approach dock and gangway, a pile-supported deck area, vessel haulout ramp, an uplands shipyard, and pile anodes. 150-Ton Capacity Vessel Haulout Piers To construct the 150-ton capacity boat haulout piers, 36-inch (in) [91 centimeter (cm)] steel haulout pier support piles, both vertical and battered, would be installed primarily with a vibratory hammer (an American Piledriving Equipment 200-6 or comparable vibratory hammer from another manufacturer). Following vibratory installation, piles would be proofed with an impact hammer in order to achieve design bearing capacity (a Delmag D-62 diesel impact hammer or equivalent). Up to 24-in (61 cm) diameter steel temporary template pipe piles would be installed to facilitate accurate installation of permanent piles. Temporary piles would be installed and removed using a vibratory hammer. Temporary template piles would only be necessary for vertical support piles; batter piles would be installed utilizing permanent vertical support piles as a template. Following construction of pier superstructures, 24-in diameter steel fender piles would be installed with a vibratory hammer. Table 1--Pile Types, Installation Methods, and Durations -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Days of Pile size/type Method Number of Duration per Strikes per Max piles per installation piles pile (min) pile day or removal -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Haulout Pier Support Pile -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 36-in Steel Pipe Pile..................... Vibratory Installation...... 20 60 N/A 2 20 Impact Installation......... N/A 2,000 2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [[Page 56320]] Haulout Pier Batter Pile -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 36-in Steel Pipe Pile..................... Vibratory Installation...... 4 120 N/A 2 10 Impact Installation......... N/A 3,000 2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Haulout Pier Fender Pile -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 24-in Steel Pipe Pile..................... Vibratory Installation...... 6 30 N/A 4 6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Template Pile -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 24-in Steel Pipe Pile..................... Vibratory Installation and 52 20 N/A 8 26 Removal. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Expanded Uplands Uplands expansion would facilitate the construction of the pile- supported 150-ton capacity haulout piers. Expanded uplands would be constructed with armor rock, shot rock borrow (bulk fill), and crushed aggregate base course. Bulk fill would be placed directly on the existing ground surface. When possible, materials would be placed in the dry during low tidal conditions, however, initial fill operations are planned to continue regardless of the level of tide. The bulk fill material would be delivered to the project site by trucks which would end-dump the material into on-site stockpiles for spreading. Bulk fill placement and spreading would be accomplished by track-mounted excavator, bulldozer, or motor grader. Above Mean Low Low Water, material would be placed in lifts of specified thickness. Each lift of material would be compacted with a vibratory drum roller compactor; all compaction operations would be performed when the tide is below the elevation of the work. As each lift of bulk fill material is placed, armor rock would be concurrently placed to protect the embankments from erosion during construction. As with the bulk fill materials, armor rock would be delivered to the project site by trucks and end-dumped into on-site stockpiles. Armor rock would be individually handled, manipulated, and placed on the bulk fill side slopes by a track-mounted excavator, or crane. A layer of base course would be placed atop the expanded uplands area and compacted, using similar methods to the placement of bulk fill materials. Stormwater Improvements Stormwater improvements consisting of storm drain catch basins, utility holes, and associated piping would be installed to control stormwater within the expanded uplands. The uplands would be graded to facilitate stormwater drainage towards the catch basins installed in various locations throughout the site. Vessel Washdown Pad and Utility Building A permanent vessel washdown pad would be installed adjacent to the expanded uplands. A heated piping system would be incorporated into the concrete pad and the washdown pad would be equipped with drainage for vessel wash water. The drainage system would collect wash water used for vessel cleaning in a catch basin incorporated into the washdown pad and send it to a storm filter system containing a grit chamber for filtration of the effluent. All wash water would be discharged into the Sitka municipal sewer. A 960-ft\2\ utility building would be installed on-site, adjacent to the vessel washdown pad, which would house the water treatment equipment and hydronic boilers for the heat piping system. Proposed mitigation, monitoring, and reporting measures are described in detail later in this document (see Proposed Mitigation and Proposed Monitoring and Reporting section). Description of Marine Mammals in the Area of Specified Activities Sections 3 and 4 of CBS's application summarize available information regarding status and trends, distribution and habitat preferences, and behavior and life history of the potentially affected species. NMFS fully considered all of this information, and we refer the reader to these descriptions, instead of reprinting the information. Additional information regarding population trends and threats may be found in NMFS' Stock Assessment Reports (SARs; https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/national/marine-mammal-protection/marine-mammal-stock-assessments) and more general information about these species (e.g., physical and behavioral descriptions) may be found on NMFS' website (https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/find-species). Table 2 lists all species or stocks for which take is expected and proposed to be authorized for this activity and summarizes information related to the population or stock, including regulatory status under the MMPA and Endangered Species Act (ESA) and potential biological removal (PBR), where known. PBR is defined by the MMPA as the maximum number of animals, not including natural mortalities, that may be removed from a marine mammal stock while allowing that stock to reach or maintain its optimum sustainable population (as described in NMFS' SARs). While no serious injury or mortality is anticipated or proposed to be authorized here, PBR and annual serious injury and mortality from anthropogenic sources are included here as gross indicators of the status of the species or stocks and other threats. Marine mammal abundance estimates presented in this document represent the total number of individuals that make up a given stock or the total number estimated within a particular study or survey area. NMFS' stock abundance estimates for most species represent the total estimate of individuals within the geographic area, if known, that comprises that stock. For some species, this geographic area may extend beyond U.S. waters. All managed stocks in this region are assessed in NMFS' U.S. Alaska and Pacific SARs. All values presented in table 2 are the most recent available at the time of publication (including from the draft 2023 SARs) and are available online at: https:// www.fisheries.noaa.gov/ [[Page 56321]] national/marine-mammal-protection/marine-mammal-stock-assessments. Table 2--Marine Mammal Species \1\ Likely To Occur Near the Project Area That May Be Taken by CBS's Activities -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ESA/ MMPA status; Stock abundance (CV, Common name Scientific name Stock strategic (Y/N) Nmin, most recent PBR Annual M/ \2\ abundance survey) \3\ SI \4\ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Order Artiodactyla--Cetacea--Mysticeti (baleen whales) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Family Eschrichtiidae: Gray Whale...................... Eschrichtius robustus.. Eastern N Pacific...... -, -, N 26,960 (0.05, 25,849, 801 131 2016). Family Balaenopteridae (rorquals): Humpback Whale.................. Megaptera novaeangliae. Hawai[revaps]i......... -, -, N 11,278 (0.56, 7,265, 127 27.09 2020). Mexico-North Pacific... T, D, Y N/A (N/A, N/A, 2006) UND 0.57 \5\. Family Delphinidae: Killer Whale.................... Orcinus orca........... Eastern North Pacific -, -, N 1,920 (N/A, 1,920, 19 1.3 Alaska Resident. 2019) \6\. Eastern North Pacific -, -, N 587 (N/A, 587, 2012) 5.9 0.8 Gulf of Alaska, \6\. Aleutian Islands and Bering Sea Transient. Eastern Northern -, -, N 302 (N/A, 302, 2018) 2.2 0.2 Pacific Northern \6\. Resident. West Coast Transient... -, -, N 349 (N/A, 349, 2018) 3.5 0.4 \6\. Pacific White-Sided Dolphin..... Lagenorhynchus N Pacific.............. -, -, N 26,880 (N/A, N/A, UND 0 obliquidens. 1990). Family Phocoenidae (porpoises): Harbor Porpoise................. Phocoena phocoena...... Yakutat/Southeast -, -, N N/A (N/A, N/A, 1997) UND 22.2 Alaska Offshore Waters. \7\. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Order Carnivora--Pinnipedia -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Family Otariidae (eared seals and sea lions): CA Sea Lion..................... Zalophus californianus. U.S.................... -, -, N 257,606 (N/A, 233,515, 14,011 >321 2014). Northern Fur Seal............... Callorhinus ursinus.... Eastern Pacific........ -, D, Y 626,618 (0.2, 530,376, 11,403 373 2019). Steller Sea Lion................ Eumetopias jubatus..... Western................ E, D, Y 49,837 (N/A, 49,837, 299 267 2022) \8\. Eastern................ -, -, N 36,308 (N/A, 36,308, 2,178 93.2 2022) \9\. Family Phocidae (earless seals): Harbor Seal..................... Phoca vitulina......... Sitka/Chatham Strait... -, -, N 13,289 (N/A, 11,883, 356 77 2015). -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ Information on the classification of marine mammal species can be found on the web page for The Society for Marine Mammalogy's Committee on Taxonomy (https://marinemammalscience.org/science-and-publications/list-marine-mammal-species-subspecies; Committee on Taxonomy, 2022). \2\ ESA status: Endangered (E), Threatened (T)/MMPA status: Depleted (D). A dash (-) indicates that the species is not listed under the ESA or designated as depleted under the MMPA. Under the MMPA, a strategic stock is one for which the level of direct human-caused mortality exceeds PBR or which is determined to be declining and likely to be listed under the ESA within the foreseeable future. Any species or stock listed under the ESA is automatically designated under the MMPA as depleted and as a strategic stock. \3\ NMFS marine mammal SARs online at: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/national/marine-mammal-protection/marine-mammal-stock-assessment-reports-region. CV is coefficient of variation; Nmin is the minimum estimate of stock abundance. In some cases, CV is not applicable [explain if this is the case]. \4\ These values, found in NMFS's SARs, represent annual levels of human-caused mortality plus serious injury from all sources combined (e.g., commercial fisheries, ship strike). Annual M/SI often cannot be determined precisely and is in some cases presented as a minimum value or range. A CV associated with estimated mortality due to commercial fisheries is presented in some cases. \5\ Abundance estimates are based upon data collected more than 8 years ago and, therefore, current estimates are considered unknown. \6\ Nest is based upon counts of individuals identified from photo-ID catalogs. \7\ New stock split from Southeast Alaska stock. \8\ Nest is best estimate of counts, which have not been corrected for animals at sea during abundance surveys. Estimates provided are for the U.S. only. The overall Nmin is 73,211 and overall PBR is 439. \9\ Nest is best estimate of counts, which have not been corrected for animals at sea during abundance surveys. Estimates provided are for the U.S. only. As indicated above, all 9 species (with 14 managed stocks) in table 2 temporally and spatially co-occur with the activity to the degree that take is reasonably likely to occur. All species that could potentially occur in the proposed project areas are included in table 1 of the IHA application. Sperm whale, fin whale, North Pacific right whale, minke whale, and Dall's porpoise are other marine mammals that occur in the greater southeast Alaska area, but they are unlikely to be encountered at the Gary Paxton Industrial Park and thus are not addressed further in this notice. In addition, the northern sea otter may be found in Sawmill Cove. However, northern sea otter are managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and are not considered further in this document. Gray Whale The migration pattern of gray whales appears to follow a route along the western coast of Southeast Alaska, traveling northward from British Columbia through Hecate Strait and Dixon Entrance, passing the west coast of Baranof Island from late March to May and then return south in October and November (Jones et al., 1984; Ford et al., 2013). Gray whales are generally [[Page 56322]] solitary, traveling alone or in small groups (NMFS, 2022b). Historically, sightings of gray whales within Sitka Sound were common during the spring herring spawn; however, unusually large numbers of gray whales have been documented in western Sitka Sound near Kruzof Island since 2014 and 2015 [Alaska Department of Fish & Game (ADF&G), 2023; Wild et al., 2023]. It is unclear what has triggered this increase, but researchers believe it may be due to reduced prey availability in other parts of their range. Historical maps show that herring spawn in the eastern channel and Silver Bay in some years (ADF&G, 2023b). Additional historical records from 1964 to 2011 indicate that herring spawn in the Sitka Sound vicinity approximately every 1-3 years (Sill and Lemons, 2019). The most recent report of herring spawning in Sawmill Cove that NMFS is aware of occurred in 2011 (ADF&G, 2023b). Records of gray whales in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) show 69 sightings reported by the public within and immediately offshore of Sitka Sound in the past 20 years (GBIF, 2023a). Spanning from 1995 to 2000, weekly land-based surveys of marine mammals from Sitka's Whale Park, located at the entrance to Silver Bay, were completed between September and May (Straley and Pendell, 2017). Across 190 hours of monitoring, three gray whales were observed in November. During recent marine mammal surveys associated with construction projects near the project area in Sitka Sound and in Silver Bay, no gray whales were sighted [Turnagain Marine Construction (TMC), 2017; CBS, 2019; Solstice, 2023]. Humpback Whale Humpback whales congregate in Sitka Sound in the spring to feed on spawning herring (Wild et al., 2023) and again in September through December to feed on more diverse forage (Straley et al., 2018; Wild et al., 2023). During the summer, both herring and humpback whales disperse throughout Sitka Sound and away from the project area (Straley, 2017 pers comm. in Solstice, 2017). During weekly surveys completed at Sitka's Whale Park between 1995 and 2000, Humpback whales were frequently observed in groups of one to four at a rate of 2.18 individuals per day, with peak sightings in November and December (Straley and Pendell, 2017). Similar group sizes were documented during studies assessing the potential influence of humpback whales on wintering pacific herring populations, completed in the fall (Straley et al., 2018). Groups of 25-30 whales were occasionally recorded in areas outside Silver Bay in the Eastern Channel (Straley and Pendell, 2017). During construction of the Gary Paxton Industrial Park Multipurpose Dock Project in 2017, humpback whales were typically observed in group sizes of two (TMC, 2017. PSOs reported humpbacks whales most frequently between 1,800-2,000 m away, but distances recorded ranged from 500 m to 5,000 m (TMC, 2017). During monitoring in June 2019 for the O'Connell Bridge Lightering Float Pile Replacement Project (CBS, 2019) within Crescent Bay and the Eastern Channel, no humpback whales observed. Observations during the offshore geotechnical investigation for this project resulted in four sightings of nine total humpback whales during 80 hours of drilling operations between September 20 and 29, 2023. Sightings consisted of one to four whales travelling, foraging, and swimming throughout Silver Bay and into Herring Cove (Solstice, 2023). Humpback whales in the project area are predominantly of the Hawaii Distinct Population Segment (DPS), which is not ESA-listed. However, based on a comprehensive photo-identification study, individuals from the Mexico DPS, which is listed as threatened, are known to occur in Southeast Alaska. Individuals of different DPSs are known to intermix on feeding grounds; therefore, all waters off the coast of Alaska should be considered to have ESA-listed humpback whales. Approximately 2 percent of all humpback whales in Southeast Alaska and northern British Columbia are of the Mexico DPS, while all others are of the Hawaii DPS (NMFS, 2021). Killer Whale Killer whales have been observed in all oceans and seas of the world, but the highest densities occur in colder and more productive waters found at high latitudes. Killer whales are found throughout the North Pacific, and occur along the entire Alaska coast, in British Columbia and Washington inland waterways, and along the outer coasts of Washington, Oregon, and California. Of the eight recognized killer whale stocks, only the Alaska resident; Northern resident; Gulf of Alaska, Aleutian Islands, and Bering Sea Transient (Gulf of Alaska transient); and the West coast transient stocks are considered in this application because other stocks occur outside the geographic area under consideration. It is estimated that the majority of killer whales in the project area would be from the Alaska Resident stock, (60.7 percent), followed by the Gulf of Alaska, Aleutian Islands, and Bering Sea stock (18.6 percent), then the West Coast Transient (11.1 percent) and finally the Northern Residents stock (9.6 percent) (Young et al., 2023). The probability of occurrence is estimated by dividing the population of each stock by their combined total population. Records of killer whales in the GBIF show 84 sightings reported by the public within and immediately outside of Sitka Sound in the past 20 years. During weekly surveys at Whale Park in Sitka between 1995 and 2000, killer whales were ``unpredictably'' observed in groups of four to eight at a rate of 0.22 individuals per day, with all sightings most frequent in fall and spring (Straley and Pendell, 2017). During recent marine mammal surveys associated with construction projects near the project area in Sitka Sound and in Silver Bay, no killer whales were sighted (TMC, 2017; CBS, 2019; Solstice, 2023). Pacific White-Sided Dolphin Pacific white-sided dolphins typically inhabit the open ocean and coastal waters away from shore (NMFS, 2022b). Pacific white-sided dolphins are rare in the inside passageways of Southeast Alaska. Most observations occur off the outer coast or in inland waterways near entrances to the open ocean. However, there are records of pacific white sided dolphins observations in protected inland waters of British Columbia since at least the late 1980s (Morton, 2000; Ashe, 2015) It is thought that Pacific white-sided dolphins could be experiencing a poleward shift in their distribution in response to climate change (Salvadeo et al., 2010; Rone et al., 2017). During weekly surveys completed at Sitka's Whale Park between 1995 and 2000, Pacific white sided dolphin were rarely observed in groups of around four at a rate of 0.02 individuals per day, with all recorded sightings in February (Straley and Pendell, 2017). Recent construction monitoring reports of monitoring in Sitka Sound and in Silver Bay show no occurrence of Pacific white-sided dolphins in the project area (TMC, 2017; CBS, 2019; Solstice, 2023). Harbor Porpoise The harbor porpoise inhabits temperate, subarctic, and arctic waters. In the eastern North Pacific, harbor porpoises range from Point Barrow, Alaska, to Point Conception, California. Harbor porpoise primarily frequent coastal waters and occur most [[Page 56323]] frequently in waters less than 100 m deep (Hobbs and Waite, 2010). They may occasionally be found in deeper offshore waters. Harbor porpoise frequent nearshore waters, but are not common in the project vicinity. During weekly surveys completed at Sitka's Whale Park between 1995 and 2000, harbor porpoises were infrequently observed in groups of about five to eight at a rate of 0.09 individuals per day, with peak sightings in fall and late spring (Straley and Pendell, 2017). During recent marine mammal surveys associated with construction projects near the project area in Sitka Sound and in Silver Bay, no harbor porpoise were sighted (TMC, 2017; CBS, 2019; Solstice, 2023). California Sea Lion California sea lions live in coastal waters and on beaches, docks, buoys, and jetties. During the winter, male California sea lions commonly migrate to feeding grounds typically off California, Oregon, Washington, British Columbia, and recently and more rarely, in southeast Alaska (Woodford 2020). Females and pups typically stay close to breeding colonies until the pups have weened (NMFS 2022b). California sea lions are occasionally sighted across the Gulf of Alaska north to the Pribilof Islands during all seasons of the year (Maniscalco et al. 2004). No research or monitoring reports have indicated sightings of California Sea Lions in the project area (Straley and Pendell, 2017; TMC, 2017; CBS, 2019; Solstice, 2023). However, records of California sea lions in the GBIF show 22 sightings reported by the public within and immediately offshore of Sitka Sound in the past 20 years, suggesting a rare possibility of occurrence. Northern Fur Seal Northern fur seals are typically found in offshore waters outside of the breeding season, although females and young males may be found closer to shore as they move to southern waters. In Southeast Alaska and British Columbia, they are known to occasionally haul out at sea lion rookeries (Carretta et al., 2022; Committee on Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC), 2010). Northern fur seals are considered rare in the project area. Only four sightings were included GBIF records within Sitka Sound and nearby offshore waters in the past 20 years, largely from agency surveys reported in Ocean Biodiversity Information System-Spatial Ecology Analysis of Megavertebrate Populations (GBIF, 2023a). Additionally, during weekly surveys at Whale Park in Sitka between 1995 and 2000, no occurrences of northern fur seals were reported (Straley and Pendell, 2017), nor were they documented during monitoring completed for recent construction Sitka Sound and in Silver Bay show (TMC, 2017; CBS, 2019; Solstice, 2023). However, a female northern fur seal pup was reported swimming ``erratically'' near the shore in Sitka in January 2023 before being transported to the Alaska Sea Life Center for medical treatment (McKenney, 2023). Steller Sea Lion The majority of Steller sea lions that inhabit Southeast Alaska are part of the eastern DPS; however, branded individuals from the western DPS make regular movements across the 144[deg] longitude boundary to the northern ``mixing zone'' haulouts and rookeries within southeast Alaska (Jemison et al., 2013). While haulouts and rookeries in the northern portion of Southeast Alaska may be important areas for western DPS animals, there continues to be little evidence that their regular range extends to the southern haulouts and rookeries in Southeast Alaska (Jemison et al., 2018). However, genetic data analyzed in Hastings et al. (2020) indicated that up to 1.2 percent of Steller sea lions near the project area may be members of the western DPS. Steller sea lions are common within Sitka Sound and are likely to be found within the project area year-round. Steller sea lions were observed every month of monitoring (September to May) conducted at Whale Park between 1995 and 2000 (Straley and Pendell, 2017). Typical group sizes ranged from 1-2 (though sometimes over 100) at a rate of 3.46 individuals per day, with peak sightings in November, January, and February. In 2017, during construction of the Gary Paxton Industrial Park Multipurpose Dock Project in the same area, an average of more than six Steller sea lions per day were observed during 22 days of in-water construction per day in October and November. Mean group sizes recorded were two individuals. During approximately 30 hours of monitoring in June 2019 for the O'Connell Bridge Lightering Float Pile Replacement Project, a total of 42 Steller sea lions were observed within Crescent Bay and the Eastern Channel in group sizes of 1 to 3 individuals. Several of these individuals were recorded as approaching or leaving Silver Bay (CBS, 2019). Finally, observations during the offshore geotechnical investigation for this project resulted in 79 sightings of 99 total Steller sea lions during 80 hours of drilling operations between September 20 and 29, 2023. Sightings generally consisted of one to three sea lions swimming largely within Sawmill Cove (Solstice, 2023). PSOs observed Steller sea lions at distances ranging between 30 m to as far as 700 m from the project site, with 10 percent of individuals coming within less than 60 m of the project site, and over a third of sightings occurring between 60 m and 130 m Solstice, 2023). The project action area does not overlap Steller sea lion critical habitat. The Biorka Island haulout is the closest designated critical habitat and is well over 25 km southwest of the project area. There are no known haulouts within the project area. Harbor Seal Harbor seals are common in the inside waters of southeastern Alaska, including within the vicinity of the project area. The species were observed during most months of monitoring (September through May) from data collected at Whale Park between 1995 and 2000, except in December and May (Straley and Pendell, 2017). Harbor seals were frequently observed in groups of one to two. Harbor seals were also commonly observed during recent construction projects completed in the area, in similar group sizes (one to two) (TMS, 2017; CBS, 2019; Solstice, 2023). Similar to Steller sea lions, harbor seals may linger in the project area for multiple days. However, no designated haulouts are within close proximity. Marine Mammal Hearing Hearing is the most important sensory modality for marine mammals underwater, and exposure to anthropogenic sound can have deleterious effects. To appropriately assess the potential effects of exposure to sound, it is necessary to understand the frequency ranges marine mammals are able to hear. Not all marine mammal species have equal hearing capabilities (e.g., Richardson et al., 1995; Wartzok and Ketten, 1999; Au and Hastings, 2008). To reflect this, Southall et al. (2007, 2019) recommended that marine mammals be divided into hearing groups based on directly measured (behavioral or auditory evoked potential techniques) or estimated hearing ranges (behavioral response data, anatomical modeling, etc.). Subsequently, NMFS (2018) described generalized hearing ranges for these marine mammal hearing groups. Generalized hearing ranges were chosen based on the approximately 65- decibel (dB) threshold from the normalized composite audiograms, with the exception for lower limits for low- [[Page 56324]] frequency cetaceans where the lower bound was deemed to be biologically implausible and the lower bound from Southall et al. (2007) retained. Marine mammal hearing groups and their associated hearing ranges are provided in table 3. Table 3--Marine Mammal Hearing Groups [NMFS, 2018] ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Hearing group Generalized hearing range * ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Low-frequency (LF) cetaceans (baleen 7 Hz to 35 kHz. whales). Mid-frequency (MF) cetaceans 150 Hz to 160 kHz. (dolphins, toothed whales, beaked whales, bottlenose whales). High-frequency (HF) cetaceans (true 275 Hz to 160 kHz. porpoises, Kogia, river dolphins, Cephalorhynchids, Lagenorhynchus cruciger & L. australis). Phocid pinnipeds (PW) (underwater) 50 Hz to 86 kHz. (true seals). Otariid pinnipeds (OW) (underwater) 60 Hz to 39 kHz. (sea lions and fur seals). ------------------------------------------------------------------------ * Represents the generalized hearing range for the entire group as a composite (i.e., all species within the group), where individual species' hearing ranges are typically not as broad. Generalized hearing range chosen based on ~65-dB threshold from normalized composite audiogram, with the exception for lower limits for LF cetaceans (Southall et al., 2007) and PW pinniped (approximation). The pinniped functional hearing group was modified from Southall et al. (2007) on the basis of data indicating that phocid species have consistently demonstrated an extended frequency range of hearing compared to otariids, especially in the higher frequency range (Hemil[auml] et al., 2006; Kastelein et al., 2009; Reichmuth et al., 2013). This division between phocid and otariid pinnipeds is now reflected in the updated hearing groups proposed in Southall et al. 2019. For more detail concerning these groups and associated frequency ranges, please see NMFS (2018) for a review of available information. Potential Effects of Specified Activities on Marine Mammals and Their Habitat This section provides a discussion of the ways in which components of the specified activity may impact marine mammals and their habitat. The Estimated Take of Marine Mammals section later in this document includes a quantitative analysis of the number of individuals that are expected to be taken by this activity. The Negligible Impact Analysis and Determination section considers the content of this section, the Estimated Take of Marine Mammals section, and the Proposed Mitigation section, to draw conclusions regarding the likely impacts of these activities on the reproductive success or survivorship of individuals and whether those impacts are reasonably expected to, or reasonably likely to, adversely affect the species or stock through effects on annual rates of recruitment or survival. Description of Sound Sources The marine soundscape is comprised of both ambient and anthropogenic sounds. Ambient sound is defined as the all-encompassing sound in a given place and is usually a composite of sound from many sources both near and far [American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 1995]. The sound level of an area is defined by the total acoustical energy being generated by known and unknown sources. These sources may include physical (e.g., waves, wind, precipitation, earthquakes, ice, atmospheric sound), biological (e.g., sounds produced by marine mammals, fish, and invertebrates), and anthropogenic sound (e.g., vessels, dredging, aircraft, construction). The sum of the various natural and anthropogenic sound sources at any given location and time--which comprise ``ambient'' or ``background'' sound--depends not only on the source levels (as determined by current weather conditions and levels of biological and shipping activity) but also on the ability of sound to propagate through the environment. In turn, sound propagation is dependent on the spatially and temporally varying properties of the water column and sea floor, and is frequency-dependent. As a result of the dependence on a large number of varying factors, ambient sound levels can be expected to vary widely over both coarse and fine spatial and temporal scales. Sound levels at a given frequency and location can vary by 10-20 dB from day to day (Richardson et al., 1995). The result is that, depending on the source type and its intensity, sound from the specified activity may be a negligible addition to the local environment or could form a distinctive signal that may affect marine mammals. In-water construction activities associated with the project would include impact and vibratory pile driving and removal. The sounds produced by these activities fall into one of two general sound types: impulsive and non-impulsive. Impulsive sounds (e.g., explosions, gunshots, sonic booms, impact pile driving) are typically transient, brief (less than 1 second), broadband, and consist of high peak sound pressure with rapid rise time and rapid decay (ANSI, 1986; National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), 1998; NMFS, 2018). Non-impulsive sounds (e.g., aircraft, machinery operations such as drilling or dredging, vibratory pile driving, and active sonar systems) can be broadband, narrowband or tonal, brief or prolonged (continuous or intermittent), and typically do not have the high peak sound pressure with rapid rise/decay time that impulsive sounds do (ANSI, 1995; NIOSH, 1998; NMFS, 2018). The distinction between these two sound types is important because they have differing potential to cause physical effects, particularly with regard to hearing (e.g., Ward, 1997, in Southall et al., 2007). Two types of hammers would be used on this project: impact and vibratory. Impact hammers operate by repeatedly dropping a heavy piston onto a pile to drive the pile into the substrate. Sound generated by impact hammers is characterized by rapid rise times and high peak levels, a potentially injurious combination (Hastings and Popper, 2005). Vibratory hammers install piles by vibrating them and allowing the weight of the hammer to push them into the sediment. Vibratory hammers produce significantly less sound than impact hammers. Peak sound pressure levels (SPLs) may be 180 dB or greater, but are generally 10 to 20 dB lower than SPLs generated during impact pile driving of the same-sized pile (Oestman et al., 2009). Rise time is slower, reducing the probability and severity of injury, and sound energy is distributed over a greater amount of time (Nedwell and Edwards, 2002; Carlson et al., 2005). [[Page 56325]] The likely or possible impacts of CBS's proposed activity on marine mammals could involve both non-acoustic and acoustic stressors. Potential non-acoustic stressors could result from the physical presence of equipment and personnel; however, any impacts to marine mammals are expected to be primarily acoustic in nature. Acoustic stressors include effects of heavy equipment operation during pile installation and removal. Acoustic Effects The introduction of anthropogenic noise into the aquatic environment from pile driving and removal is the means by which marine mammals may be harassed from CBS's specified activity. In general, animals exposed to natural or anthropogenic sound may experience behavioral, physiological, and/or physical effects, ranging in magnitude from none to severe (Southall et al., 2007, 2019). In general, exposure to pile driving noise has the potential to result in behavioral reactions (e.g., avoidance, temporary cessation of foraging and vocalizing, changes in dive behavior) and, in limited cases, an auditory threshold shift (TS). Exposure to anthropogenic noise can also lead to non-observable physiological responses such an increase in stress hormones. Additional noise in a marine mammal's habitat can mask acoustic cues used by marine mammals to carry out daily functions such as communication and predator and prey detection. The effects of pile driving noise on marine mammals are dependent on several factors, including, but not limited to, sound type (e.g., impulsive vs. non- impulsive), the species, age and sex class (e.g., adult male vs. mom with calf), duration of exposure, the distance between the pile and the animal, received levels, behavior at time of exposure, and previous history with exposure (Wartzok et al., 2004; Southall et al., 2007). Here we discuss physical auditory effects (TSs) followed by behavioral effects and potential impacts on habitat. NMFS defines a noise-induced TS as a change, usually an increase, in the threshold of audibility at a specified frequency or portion of an individual's hearing range above a previously established reference level (NMFS, 2018). The amount of TS is customarily expressed in dB. A TS can be permanent or temporary. As described in NMFS (2018), there are numerous factors to consider when examining the consequence of TS, including, but not limited to, the signal temporal pattern (e.g., impulsive or non-impulsive), likelihood an individual would be exposed for a long enough duration or to a high enough level to induce a TS, the magnitude of the TS, time to recovery (seconds to minutes or hours to days), the frequency range of the exposure (i.e., spectral content), the hearing and vocalization frequency range of the exposed species relative to the signal's frequency spectrum (i.e., how animal uses sound within the frequency band of the signal; e.g., Kastelein et al., 2014), and the overlap between the animal and the source (e.g., spatial, temporal, and spectral). Permanent Threshold Shift (PTS)--NMFS defines PTS as a permanent, irreversible increase in the threshold of audibility at a specified frequency or portion of an individual's hearing range above a previously established reference level (NMFS, 2018). Available data from humans and other terrestrial mammals indicate that a 40-dB TS approximates PTS onset (Ward et al., 1958, 1959; Ward 1960; Kryter et al., 1966; Miller, 1974; Ahroon et al., 1996; Henderson et al., 2008). PTS levels for marine mammals are estimates, as with the exception of a single study unintentionally inducing PTS in a harbor seal (Kastak et al., 2008), there are no empirical data measuring PTS in marine mammals largely due to the fact that, for various ethical reasons, experiments involving anthropogenic noise exposure at levels inducing PTS are not typically pursued or authorized (NMFS, 2018). Temporary Threshold Shift (TTS)--A temporary, reversible increase in the threshold of audibility at a specified frequency or portion of an individual's hearing range above a previously established reference level (NMFS, 2018). Based on data from cetacean TTS measurements (Southall et al., 2007), a TTS of 6 dB is considered the minimum TS clearly larger than any day-to-day or session-to-session variation in a subject's normal hearing ability (Schlundt et al., 2000; Finneran et al., 2000, 2002). As described in Finneran (2015), marine mammal studies have shown the amount of TTS increases with cumulative sound exposure level (SELcum) in an accelerating fashion: At low exposures with lower SELcum, the amount of TTS is typically small and the growth curves have shallow slopes. At exposures with higher SELcum, the growth curves become steeper and approach linear relationships with the noise SEL. Depending on the degree (elevation of threshold in dB), duration (i.e., recovery time), and frequency range of TTS, and the context in which it is experienced, TTS can have effects on marine mammals ranging from discountable to serious (similar to those discussed in Masking, below). For example, a marine mammal may be able to readily compensate for a brief, relatively small amount of TTS in a non-critical frequency range that takes place during a time when the animal is traveling through the open ocean, where ambient noise is lower and there are not as many competing sounds present. Alternatively, a larger amount and longer duration of TTS sustained during time when communication is critical for successful mother/calf interactions could have more serious impacts. We note that reduced hearing sensitivity as a simple function of aging has been observed in marine mammals, as well as humans and other taxa (Southall et al., 2007), so we can infer that strategies exist for coping with this condition to some degree, though likely not without cost. Many studies have examined noise-induced hearing loss in marine mammals (see Finneran (2015) and Southall et al. (2019) for summaries). TTS is the mildest form of hearing impairment that can occur during exposure to sound (Kryter, 2013). While experiencing TTS, the hearing threshold rises, and a sound must be at a higher level in order to be heard. In terrestrial and marine mammals, TTS can last from minutes or hours to days (in cases of strong TTS). In many cases, hearing sensitivity recovers rapidly after exposure to the sound ends. For cetaceans, published data on the onset of TTS are limited to captive bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus), beluga whale, harbor porpoise, and Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocoena asiaeorientalis) (Southall et al., 2019). For pinnipeds in water, measurements of TTS are limited to harbor seals, elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris), bearded seals (Erignathus barbatus) and California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) (Kastak et al., 1999, 2007; Kastelein et al., 2019b, 2019c, 2021, 2022a, 2022b; Reichmuth et al., 2019; Sills et al., 2020). TTS was not observed in spotted (Phoca largha) and ringed (Pusa hispida) seals exposed to single airgun impulse sounds at levels matching previous predictions of TTS onset (Reichmuth et al., 2016). These studies examine hearing thresholds measured in marine mammals before and after exposure to intense or long-duration sound exposures. The difference between the pre-exposure and post-exposure thresholds can be used to determine the amount of threshold shift at various post-exposure times. The amount and onset of TTS depends on the exposure frequency. [[Page 56326]] Sounds at low frequencies, well below the region of best sensitivity for a species or hearing group, are less hazardous than those at higher frequencies, near the region of best sensitivity (Finneran and Schlundt, 2013). At low frequencies, onset-TTS exposure levels are higher compared to those in the region of best sensitivity (i.e., a low frequency noise would need to be louder to cause TTS onset when TTS exposure level is higher), as shown for harbor porpoises and harbor seals (Kastelein et al., 2019a, 2019c). Note that in general, harbor seals and harbor porpoises have a lower TTS onset than other measured pinniped or cetacean species (Finneran, 2015). In addition, TTS can accumulate across multiple exposures, but the resulting TTS will be less than the TTS from a single, continuous exposure with the same SEL (Mooney et al., 2009; Finneran et al., 2010; Kastelein et al., 2014, 2015). This means that TTS predictions based on the total, cumulative SEL will overestimate the amount of TTS from intermittent exposures, such as sonars and impulsive sources. Nachtigall et al. (2018) describe measurements of hearing sensitivity of multiple odontocete species (bottlenose dolphin, harbor porpoise, beluga, and false killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens)) when a relatively loud sound was preceded by a warning sound. These captive animals were shown to reduce hearing sensitivity when warned of an impending intense sound. Based on these experimental observations of captive animals, the authors suggest that wild animals may dampen their hearing during prolonged exposures or if conditioned to anticipate intense sounds. Another study showed that echolocating animals (including odontocetes) might have anatomical specializations that might allow for conditioned hearing reduction and filtering of low-frequency ambient noise, including increased stiffness and control of middle ear structures and placement of inner ear structures (Ketten et al., 2021). Data available on noise-induced hearing loss for mysticetes are currently lacking (NMFS, 2018). Additionally, the existing marine mammal TTS data come from a limited number of individuals within these species. Relationships between TTS and PTS thresholds have not been studied in marine mammals, and there is no PTS data for cetaceans, but such relationships are assumed to be similar to those in humans and other terrestrial mammals. PTS typically occurs at exposure levels at least several decibels above that inducing mild TTS (e.g., a 40-dB threshold shift approximates PTS onset (Kryter et al., 1966; Miller, 1974), while a 6-dB threshold shift approximates TTS onset (Southall et al., 2007, 2019). Based on data from terrestrial mammals, a precautionary assumption is that the PTS thresholds for impulsive sounds (such as impact pile driving pulses as received close to the source) are at least 6 dB higher than the TTS threshold on a peak-pressure basis and PTS cumulative sound exposure level thresholds are 15 to 20 dB higher than TTS cumulative sound exposure level thresholds (Southall et al., 2007, 2019). Given the higher level of sound or longer exposure duration necessary to cause PTS as compared with TTS, it is considerably less likely that PTS could occur. Activities for this project include impact and vibratory pile driving and removal. There would likely be pauses in activities producing the sound during each day. Given these pauses and the fact that many marine mammals are likely moving through the project areas and not remaining for extended periods of time, the potential for TS declines. Behavioral Harassment--Exposure to noise from pile driving also has the potential to behaviorally disturb marine mammals. Generally speaking, NMFS considers a behavioral disturbance that rises to the level of harassment under the MMPA a non-minor response--in other words, not every response qualifies as behavioral disturbance, and for responses that do, those of a higher level, or accrued across a longer duration, have the potential to affect foraging, reproduction, or survival. Behavioral disturbance may include a variety of effects, including subtle changes in behavior (e.g., minor or brief avoidance of an area or changes in vocalizations), more conspicuous changes in similar behavioral activities, and more sustained and/or potentially severe reactions, such as displacement from or abandonment of high- quality habitat. Behavioral responses may include changing durations of surfacing and dives, changing direction and/or speed; reducing/ increasing vocal activities; changing/cessation of certain behavioral activities (such as socializing or feeding); eliciting a visible startle response or aggressive behavior (such as tail/fin slapping or jaw clapping); avoidance of areas where sound sources are located. Pinnipeds may increase their haul out time, possibly to avoid in-water disturbance (Thorson and Reyff, 2006). Behavioral responses to sound are highly variable and context-specific and any reactions depend on numerous intrinsic and extrinsic factors (e.g., species, state of maturity, experience, current activity, reproductive state, auditory sensitivity, time of day), as well as the interplay between factors (e.g., Richardson et al., 1995; Wartzok et al., 2004; Southall et al., 2007, 2019; Weilgart, 2007; Archer et al., 2010). Behavioral reactions can vary not only among individuals but also within an individual, depending on previous experience with a sound source, context, and numerous other factors (Ellison et al., 2012), and can vary depending on characteristics associated with the sound source (e.g., whether it is moving or stationary, number of sources, distance from the source). In general, pinnipeds seem more tolerant of, or at least habituate more quickly to, potentially disturbing underwater sound than do cetaceans, and generally seem to be less responsive to exposure to industrial sound than most cetaceans. Please see Appendices B and C of Southall et al. (2007) and Gomez et al. (2016) for reviews of studies involving marine mammal behavioral responses to sound. Habituation can occur when an animal's response to a stimulus wanes with repeated exposure, usually in the absence of unpleasant associated events (Wartzok et al., 2004). Animals are most likely to habituate to sounds that are predictable and unvarying. It is important to note that habituation is appropriately considered as a ``progressive reduction in response to stimuli that are perceived as neither aversive nor beneficial,'' rather than as, more generally, moderation in response to human disturbance (Bejder et al., 2009). The opposite process is sensitization, when an unpleasant experience leads to subsequent responses, often in the form of avoidance, at a lower level of exposure. As noted above, behavioral state may affect the type of response. For example, animals that are resting may show greater behavioral change in response to disturbing sound levels than animals that are highly motivated to remain in an area for feeding (Richardson et al., 1995; Wartzok et al., 2004; National Research Council (NRC), 2005). Controlled experiments with captive marine mammals have showed pronounced behavioral reactions, including avoidance of loud sound sources (Ridgway et al., 1997; Finneran et al., 2003). Observed responses of wild marine mammals to loud pulsed sound sources (e.g., seismic airguns) have been varied but often consist of avoidance behavior or other behavioral changes (Richardson et al., 1995; Morton and Symonds, 2002; Nowacek et al., 2007). [[Page 56327]] Available studies show wide variation in response to underwater sound; therefore, it is difficult to predict specifically how any given sound in a particular instance might affect marine mammals perceiving the signal. If a marine mammal does react briefly to an underwater sound by changing its behavior or moving a small distance, the impacts of the change are unlikely to be significant to the individual, let alone the stock or population. However, if a sound source displaces marine mammals from an important feeding or breeding area for a prolonged period, impacts on individuals and populations could be significant (e.g., Lusseau and Bejder, 2007; Weilgart, 2007; NRC, 2005). However, there are broad categories of potential response, which we describe in greater detail here, that include alteration of dive behavior, alteration of foraging behavior, effects to breathing, interference with or alteration of vocalization, avoidance, and flight. Changes in dive behavior can vary widely and may consist of increased or decreased dive times and surface intervals as well as changes in the rates of ascent and descent during a dive (e.g., Frankel and Clark, 2000; Costa et al., 2003; Ng and Leung, 2003; Nowacek et al., 2004; Goldbogen et al., 2013a, 2013b). Variations in dive behavior may reflect interruptions in biologically significant activities (e.g., foraging) or they may be of little biological significance. The impact of an alteration to dive behavior resulting from an acoustic exposure depends on what the animal is doing at the time of the exposure and the type and magnitude of the response. Disruption of feeding behavior can be difficult to correlate with anthropogenic sound exposure, so it is usually inferred by observed displacement from known foraging areas, the appearance of secondary indicators (e.g., bubble nets or sediment plumes), or changes in dive behavior. As for other types of behavioral response, the frequency, duration, and temporal pattern of signal presentation, as well as differences in species sensitivity, are likely contributing factors to differences in response in any given circumstance (e.g., Croll et al., 2001; Nowacek et al., 2004; Madsen et al., 2006; Yazvenko et al., 2007). A determination of whether foraging disruptions incur fitness consequences would require information on or estimates of the energetic requirements of the affected individuals and the relationship between prey availability, foraging effort and success, and the life history stage of the animal. Variations in respiration naturally vary with different behaviors and alterations to breathing rate as a function of acoustic exposure can be expected to co-occur with other behavioral reactions, such as a flight response or an alteration in diving. However, respiration rates in and of themselves may be representative of annoyance or an acute stress response. Various studies have shown that respiration rates may either be unaffected or could increase, depending on the species and signal characteristics, again highlighting the importance in understanding species differences in the tolerance of underwater noise when determining the potential for impacts resulting from anthropogenic sound exposure (e.g., Kastelein et al., 2001, 2005, 2006; Gailey et al., 2007). For example, harbor porpoise' respiration rate increased in response to pile driving sounds at and above a received broadband SPL of 136 dB (zero-peak SPL: 151 dB re 1 [mu]Pa; SEL of a single strike: 127 dB re 1 [mu]Pa\2\-s) (Kastelein et al., 2013). Marine mammals vocalize for different purposes and across multiple modes, such as whistling, echolocation click production, calling, and singing. Changes in vocalization behavior in response to anthropogenic noise can occur for any of these modes and may result from a need to compete with an increase in background noise or may reflect increased vigilance or a startle response. For example, in the presence of potentially masking signals, humpback whales and killer whales have been observed to increase the length of their songs (Miller et al., 2000; Fristrup et al., 2003) or vocalizations (Foote et al., 2004), respectively, while North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis) have been observed to shift the frequency content of their calls upward while reducing the rate of calling in areas of increased anthropogenic noise (Parks et al., 2007). In some cases, animals may cease sound production during production of aversive signals (Bowles et al., 1994). Avoidance is the displacement of an individual from an area or migration path as a result of the presence of a sound or other stressors, and is one of the most obvious manifestations of disturbance in marine mammals (Richardson et al., 1995). For example, gray whales are known to change direction--deflecting from customary migratory paths--in order to avoid noise from seismic surveys (Malme et al., 1984). Avoidance may be short-term, with animals returning to the area once the noise has ceased (e.g., Bowles et al., 1994; Goold, 1996; Stone et al., 2000; Morton and Symonds, 2002; Gailey et al., 2007). Longer-term displacement is possible, however, which may lead to changes in abundance or distribution patterns of the affected species in the affected region if habituation to the presence of the sound does not occur (e.g., Blackwell et al., 2004; Bejder et al., 2006; Teilmann et al., 2006). A flight response is a dramatic change in normal movement to a directed and rapid movement away from the perceived location of a sound source. The flight response differs from other avoidance responses in the intensity of the response (e.g., directed movement, rate of travel). Relatively little information on flight responses of marine mammals to anthropogenic signals exist, although observations of flight responses to the presence of predators have occurred (Connor and Heithaus, 1996; Bowers et al., 2018). The result of a flight response could range from brief, temporary exertion and displacement from the area where the signal provokes flight to, in extreme cases, marine mammal strandings (England et al., 2001). However, it should be noted that response to a perceived predator does not necessarily invoke flight (Ford and Reeves, 2008), and whether individuals are solitary or in groups may influence the response. Behavioral disturbance can also impact marine mammals in more subtle ways. Increased vigilance may result in costs related to diversion of focus and attention (i.e., when a response consists of increased vigilance, it may come at the cost of decreased attention to other critical behaviors such as foraging or resting). These effects have generally not been demonstrated for marine mammals, but studies involving fishes and terrestrial animals have shown that increased vigilance may substantially reduce feeding rates (e.g., Beauchamp and Livoreil, 1997; Fritz et al., 2002; Purser and Radford, 2011). In addition, chronic disturbance can cause population declines through reduction of fitness (e.g., decline in body condition) and subsequent reduction in reproductive success, survival, or both (e.g., Harrington and Veitch, 1992; Daan et al., 1996; Bradshaw et al., 1998). However, Ridgway et al. (2006) reported that increased vigilance in bottlenose dolphins exposed to sound over a 5-day period did not cause any sleep deprivation or stress effects. Many animals perform vital functions, such as feeding, resting, traveling, and socializing, on a diel cycle (24-hour cycle). Disruption of such functions resulting from reactions to stressors such as sound exposure are more likely to be significant if they last more than [[Page 56328]] one diel cycle or recur on subsequent days (Southall et al., 2007). Consequently, a behavioral response lasting less than 1 day and not recurring on subsequent days is not considered particularly severe unless it could directly affect reproduction or survival (Southall et al., 2007). Note that there is a difference between multi-day substantive (i.e., meaningful) behavioral reactions and multi-day anthropogenic activities. For example, just because an activity lasts for multiple days does not necessarily mean that individual animals are either exposed to activity-related stressors for multiple days or, further, exposed in a manner resulting in sustained multi-day substantive behavioral responses. During a dock replacement project completed at this site in 2017, monitors observed marine mammals during construction activities (i.e., vibratory or impact installation 30-in and 48-in steel piles; and vibratory removal of 16-in wood piles) on 22 days between October 9 and November 9 (TMC, 2017). In most cases behaviors were not reported, but there is some information to indicate that during pile driving a Steller sea lion was observed feeding, and humpback whales were observed moving through the project area to the mouth of the bay or to the inner bay. We expect similar behavioral responses of marine mammals to CBS's specified activity for this proposed project. That is, disturbance, if any, is likely to be temporary and localized (e.g., small area movements). Stress Responses--An animal's perception of a threat may be sufficient to trigger stress responses consisting of some combination of behavioral responses, autonomic nervous system responses, neuroendocrine responses, or immune responses (e.g., Seyle, 1950; Moberg, 2000). In many cases, an animal's first and sometimes most economical (in terms of energetic costs) response is behavioral avoidance of the potential stressor. Autonomic nervous system responses to stress typically involve changes in heart rate, blood pressure, and gastrointestinal activity. These responses have a relatively short duration and may or may not have a significant long-term effect on an animal's fitness. Neuroendocrine stress responses often involve the hypothalamus- pituitary-adrenal system. Virtually all neuroendocrine functions that are affected by stress--including immune competence, reproduction, metabolism, and behavior--are regulated by pituitary hormones. Stress- induced changes in the secretion of pituitary hormones have been implicated in failed reproduction, altered metabolism, reduced immune competence, and behavioral disturbance (e.g., Moberg, 1987; Blecha, 2000). Increases in the circulation of glucocorticoids are also equated with stress (Romano et al., 2004). The primary distinction between stress (which is adaptive and does not normally place an animal at risk) and ``distress'' is the cost of the response. During a stress response, an animal uses glycogen stores that can be quickly replenished once the stress is alleviated. In such circumstances, the cost of the stress response would not pose serious fitness consequences. However, when an animal does not have sufficient energy reserves to satisfy the energetic costs of a stress response, energy resources must be diverted from other functions. This state of distress will last until the animal replenishes its energetic reserves sufficient to restore normal function. Relationships between these physiological mechanisms, animal behavior, and the costs of stress responses are well-studied through controlled experiments and for both laboratory and free-ranging animals (e.g., Holberton et al., 1996; Hood et al., 1998; Jessop et al., 2003; Krausman et al., 2004; Lankford et al., 2005). Stress responses due to exposure to anthropogenic sounds or other stressors and their effects on marine mammals have also been reviewed (Fair and Becker, 2000; Romano et al., 2002b) and, more rarely, studied in wild populations (e.g., Romano et al., 2002a). For example, Rolland et al. (2012) found that noise reduction from reduced ship traffic in the Bay of Fundy was associated with decreased stress in North Atlantic right whales. These and other studies lead to a reasonable expectation that some marine mammals will experience physiological stress responses upon exposure to acoustic stressors and that it is possible that some of these would be classified as ``distress.'' In addition, any animal experiencing TTS would likely also experience stress responses (NRC, 2003), however distress is an unlikely result of this project based on observations of marine mammals during previous, similar projects in the area. Auditory Masking. Since many marine mammals rely on sound to find prey, moderate social interactions, and facilitate mating (Tyack, 2008), noise from anthropogenic sound sources can interfere with these functions, but only if the noise spectrum overlaps with the hearing sensitivity of the receiving marine mammal (Southall et al., 2007; Clark et al., 2009; Hatch et al., 2012). Chronic exposure to excessive, though not high-intensity, noise could cause masking at particular frequencies for marine mammals that utilize sound for vital biological functions (Clark et al., 2009). Acoustic masking is when other noises such as from human sources interfere with an animal's ability to detect, recognize, or discriminate between acoustic signals of interest (e.g., those used for intraspecific communication and social interactions, prey detection, predator avoidance, navigation) (Richardson et al., 1995; Erbe et al., 2016). Therefore, under certain circumstances, marine mammals whose acoustical sensors or environment are being severely masked could also be impaired from maximizing their performance fitness in survival and reproduction. The ability of a noise source to mask biologically important sounds depends on the characteristics of both the noise source and the signal of interest (e.g., signal-to-noise ratio, temporal variability, direction), in relation to each other and to an animal's hearing abilities (e.g., sensitivity, frequency range, critical ratios, frequency discrimination, directional discrimination, age or TTS hearing loss), and existing ambient noise and propagation conditions (Hotchkin and Parks, 2013). Under certain circumstances, marine mammals experiencing significant masking could also be impaired from maximizing their performance fitness in survival and reproduction. Therefore, when the coincident (masking) sound is human-made, it may be considered harassment when disrupting or altering critical behaviors. It is important to distinguish TTS and PTS, which persist after the sound exposure, from masking, which occurs during the sound exposure. Because masking (without resulting in TS) is not associated with abnormal physiological function, it is not considered a physiological effect, but rather a potential behavioral effect (though not necessarily one that would be associated with harassment). The frequency range of the potentially masking sound is important in determining any potential behavioral impacts. For example, low- frequency signals may have less effect on high-frequency echolocation sounds produced by odontocetes but are more likely to affect detection of mysticete communication calls and other potentially important natural sounds such as those produced by surf and some prey species. The masking of communication signals by anthropogenic noise may be considered as a reduction in the communication space of animals (e.g., Clark et al., 2009) and may result in energetic or other [[Page 56329]] costs as animals change their vocalization behavior (e.g., Miller et al., 2000; Foote et al., 2004; Parks et al., 2007; Di Iorio and Clark, 2010; Holt et al., 2009). Masking can be reduced in situations where the signal and noise come from different directions (Richardson et al., 1995), through amplitude modulation of the signal, or through other compensatory behaviors (Hotchkin and Parks, 2013). Masking can be tested directly in captive species (e.g., Erbe, 2008), but in wild populations it must be either modeled or inferred from evidence of masking compensation. There are few studies addressing real-world masking sounds likely to be experienced by marine mammals in the wild (e.g., Branstetter et al., 2013). Marine mammals at or near the proposed CBS project site may be exposed to anthropogenic noise which may be a source of masking. Vocalization changes may result from a need to compete with an increase in background noise and include increasing the source level, modifying the frequency, increasing the call repetition rate of vocalizations, or ceasing to vocalize in the presence of increased noise (Hotchkin and Parks, 2013). For example, in response to loud noise, beluga whales may shift the frequency of their echolocation clicks to prevent masking by anthropogenic noise (Tyack, 2000; Eickmeier and Vallarta, 2022). Masking is more likely to occur in the presence of broadband, relatively continuous noise sources such as vibratory pile driving. Energy distribution of pile driving covers a broad frequency spectrum, and sound from pile driving would be within the audible range of pinnipeds and cetaceans present in the proposed action area. While some construction during the CBS's activities may mask some acoustic signals that are relevant to the daily behavior of marine mammals, the short- term duration and limited areas affected make it very unlikely that the fitness of individual marine mammals would be impacted. Airborne Acoustic Effects--Airborne noise would primarily be an issue for pinnipeds that are swimming or hauled out near the project site within the range of noise levels elevated above the acoustic criteria. We recognize that pinnipeds in the water could be exposed to airborne sound that may result in behavioral harassment when looking with their heads above water. Most likely, airborne sound would cause behavioral responses similar to those discussed above in relation to underwater sound. For instance, anthropogenic sound could cause hauled- out pinnipeds to exhibit changes in their normal behavior, such as reduction in vocalizations, or cause them to temporarily abandon the area and move further from the source. However, these animals would previously have been ``taken'' because of exposure to underwater sound above the behavioral harassment thresholds, which are in all cases larger than those associated with airborne sound. Thus, the behavioral harassment of these animals is already accounted for in these estimates of potential take. Therefore, we do not believe that authorization of incidental take resulting from airborne sound for pinnipeds is warranted, and airborne sound is not discussed further. Cetaceans are not expected to be exposed to airborne sounds that would result in harassment as defined under the MMPA. Marine Mammal Habitat Effects The project would occur in an active marine commercial and industrial area. The new facility will consist primarily of new structures though an existing boat ramp will be filled. Construction activities at the Gary Paxton Industrial Park could have localized, temporary impacts on marine mammal habitat and their prey by increasing in-water SPLs and slightly decreasing water quality. Increased noise levels may affect acoustic habitat (see Masking discussion above) and adversely affect marine mammal prey in the vicinity of the project area (see discussion below). During vibratory and impact pile driving, elevated levels of underwater noise would ensonify a portion of Eastern Channel and Silver Bay, where both fish and mammals occur and could affect foraging success. Construction activities are of short duration and would likely have temporary impacts on marine mammal habitat through increases in underwater and airborne sound. These sounds would not be detectable at the nearest known Steller sea lion and harbor sea haulouts, which are well beyond the maximum distance of predicted in-air acoustical disturbance. Water Quality--Temporary and localized reduction in water quality would occur as a result of in-water construction activities. Most of this effect would occur during the installation and removal of piles when bottom sediments are disturbed. The installation and removal of piles would disturb bottom sediments and may cause a temporary increase in suspended sediment in the project area. During pile removal, sediment attached to the pile moves vertically through the water column until gravitational forces cause it to slough off under its own weight. The small resulting sediment plume is expected to settle out of the water column within a few hours. Studies of the effects of turbid water on fish (marine mammal prey) suggest that concentrations of suspended sediment can reach thousands of milligrams per liter before an acute toxic reaction is expected (Burton, 1993). Effects to turbidity and sedimentation are expected to be short- term, minor, and localized. Suspended sediments in the water column should dissipate and quickly return to background levels in all construction scenarios. Turbidity within the water column has the potential to reduce the level of oxygen in the water and irritate the gills of prey fish species in the proposed project area. However, turbidity plumes associated with the project would be temporary and localized, and fish in the proposed project area would be able to move away from and avoid the areas where plumes may occur. Therefore, it is expected that the impacts on prey fish species from turbidity, and therefore on marine mammals, would be minimal and temporary. In general, the area likely impacted by the proposed construction activities is relatively small compared to the available marine mammal habitat in Silver Bay, and does not include any areas of particular importance. In-Water Construction Effects on Potential Prey--Sound may affect marine mammals through impacts on the abundance, behavior, or distribution of prey species (e.g., crustaceans, cephalopods, fish, zooplankton). Marine mammal prey varies by species, season, and location and, for some, is not well documented. Here, we describe studies regarding the effects of noise on known marine mammal prey. Fish utilize the soundscape and components of sound in their environment to perform important functions such as foraging, predator avoidance, mating, and spawning (e.g., Zelick et al., 1999; Fay, 2009). Depending on their hearing anatomy and peripheral sensory structures, which vary among species, fishes hear sounds using pressure and particle motion sensitivity capabilities and detect the motion of surrounding water (Fay et al., 2008). The potential effects of noise on fishes depends on the overlapping frequency range, distance from the sound source, water depth of exposure, and species-specific hearing sensitivity, anatomy, and physiology. Key impacts to fishes may include behavioral responses, hearing damage, [[Page 56330]] barotrauma (pressure-related injuries), and mortality. Fish react to sounds which are especially strong and/or intermittent low-frequency sounds, and behavioral responses such as flight or avoidance are the most likely effects. Short duration, sharp sounds can cause overt or subtle changes in fish behavior and local distribution. The reaction of fish to noise depends on the physiological state of the fish, past exposures, motivation (e.g., feeding, spawning, migration), and other environmental factors. Hastings and Popper (2005) identified several studies that suggest fish may relocate to avoid certain areas of sound energy. Additional studies have documented effects of pile driving on fish, although several are based on studies in support of large, multiyear bridge construction projects (e.g., Scholik and Yan, 2001, 2002; Popper and Hastings, 2009). Several studies have demonstrated that impulse sounds might affect the distribution and behavior of some fishes, potentially impacting foraging opportunities or increasing energetic costs (e.g., Fewtrell and McCauley, 2012; Pearson et al., 1992; Skalski et al., 1992; Santulli et al., 1999; Paxton et al., 2017). However, some studies have shown no or slight reaction to impulse sounds (e.g., Pena et al., 2013; Wardle et al., 2001; Jorgenson and Gyselman, 2009; Cott et al., 2012). More commonly, though, the impacts of noise on fish are temporary. SPLs of sufficient strength have been known to cause injury to fish and fish mortality. However, in most fish species, hair cells in the ear continuously regenerate and loss of auditory function likely is restored when damaged cells are replaced with new cells. Halvorsen et al. (2012a) showed that a TTS of 4-6 dB was recoverable within 24 hours for one species. Impacts would be most severe when the individual fish is close to the source and when the duration of exposure is long. Injury caused by barotrauma can range from slight to severe and can cause death, and is most likely for fish with swim bladders. Barotrauma injuries have been documented during controlled exposure to impact pile driving (Halvorsen et al., 2012b; Casper et al., 2013). The greatest potential impact to fishes during construction would occur during impact pile installation of 24-in and 36-in steel pipe piles, which is estimated to occur on up to 30 days for a maximum of 6,000 strikes per day. In-water construction activities would only occur during daylight hours, allowing fish to forage and transit the project area in the evening. Vibratory pile driving would possibly elicit behavioral reactions from fishes such as temporary avoidance of the area but is unlikely to cause injuries to fishes or have persistent effects on local fish populations. Construction also would have minimal permanent and temporary impacts on benthic invertebrate species, a marine mammal prey source. In addition, it should be noted that the area in question is low-quality habitat since it is already highly developed and experiences a high level of anthropogenic noise from normal operations and other vessel traffic. In general, any negative impacts on marine mammal prey species are expected to be minor and temporary. Fish populations in the proposed project area that serve as marine mammal prey could be temporarily affected by noise from pile installation and removal. The frequency range in which fishes generally perceive underwater sounds is 50 to 2,000 Hz, with peak sensitivities below 800 Hz (Popper and Hastings, 2009). Fish behavior or distribution may change, especially with strong and/or intermittent sounds that could harm fishes. High underwater SPLs have been documented to alter behavior, cause hearing loss, and injure or kill individual fish by causing serious internal injury (Hastings and Popper, 2005). The most likely impact to fish from pile driving activities in the project area would be temporary behavioral avoidance of the area. The duration of fish avoidance of an area after pile driving stops is unknown, but a rapid return to normal recruitment, distribution and behavior is anticipated. In general, impacts to marine mammal prey species are expected to be minor and temporary due to the expected short daily duration of individual pile driving events. In-Water Construction Effects on Potential Foraging Habitat--The areas likely impacted by the project are relatively small compared to the available habitat in adjacent Sitka Sound and does not include any BIAs or ESA-designated critical habitat. The total seafloor area affected by pile installation and removal and the new dock footprints is a small area compared to the vast foraging area available to marine mammals in the area. Pile driving and removal at the project site would not obstruct long-term movements or migration of marine mammals. Avoidance by potential prey (i.e., fish or, in the case of transient killer whales, other marine mammals) of the immediate area due to the temporary loss of this foraging habitat is also possible. The duration of fish and marine mammal avoidance of this area after pile driving stops is unknown, but a rapid return to normal recruitment, distribution, and behavior is anticipated. Any behavioral avoidance by fish or marine mammals of the disturbed area would still leave significantly large areas of fish and marine mammal foraging habitat in the nearby vicinity. In summary, given the short daily duration of sound associated with individual pile driving events and the relatively small areas being affected, pile driving activities associated with the proposed action are not likely to have a permanent adverse effect on any fish habitat, or populations of fish species. Any behavioral avoidance by fish of the disturbed area would still leave significantly large areas of fish and marine mammal foraging habitat in the nearby vicinity. Thus, we conclude that impacts of the specified activity are not likely to have more than short-term adverse effects on any prey habitat or populations of prey species. Further, any impacts to marine mammal habitat are not expected to result in significant or long-term consequences for individual marine mammals, or to contribute to adverse impacts on their populations. Estimated Take of Marine Mammals This section provides an estimate of the number of incidental takes proposed for authorization through the IHA, which will inform NMFS' consideration of ``small numbers,'' the negligible impact determinations, and impacts on subsistence uses. Harassment is the only type of take expected to result from these activities. Except with respect to certain activities not pertinent here, section 3(18) of the MMPA defines ``harassment'' as any act of pursuit, torment, or annoyance, which (i) has the potential to injure a marine mammal or marine mammal stock in the wild (Level A harassment); or (ii) has the potential to disturb a marine mammal or marine mammal stock in the wild by causing disruption of behavioral patterns, including, but not limited to, migration, breathing, nursing, breeding, feeding, or sheltering (Level B harassment). Authorized takes would primarily be by Level B harassment, as use of the acoustic sources (i.e., pile driving) has the potential to result in disruption of behavioral patterns for individual marine mammals. There is also some potential for auditory injury (Level A harassment) to result, primarily for mysticetes, high frequency species and [[Page 56331]] phocids because predicted auditory injury zones are larger than for mid-frequency species and otariids. Auditory injury is unlikely to occur for other groups except Steller sea lions because this species is expected to commonly occur in close proximity to the project area. The proposed mitigation and monitoring measures are expected to minimize the severity of the taking to the extent practicable. As described previously, no serious injury or mortality is anticipated or proposed to be authorized for this activity. Below we describe how the proposed take numbers are estimated. For acoustic impacts, generally speaking, we estimate take by considering: (1) acoustic thresholds above which NMFS believes the best available science indicates marine mammals will be behaviorally harassed or incur some degree of permanent hearing impairment; (2) the area or volume of water that will be ensonified above these levels in a day; (3) the density or occurrence of marine mammals within these ensonified areas; and, (4) the number of days of activities. We note that while these factors can contribute to a basic calculation to provide an initial prediction of potential takes, additional information that can qualitatively inform take estimates is also sometimes available (e.g., previous monitoring results or average group size). Below, we describe the factors considered here in more detail and present the proposed take estimates. Acoustic Thresholds NMFS recommends the use of acoustic thresholds that identify the received level of underwater sound above which exposed marine mammals would be reasonably expected to be behaviorally harassed (equated to Level B harassment) or to incur PTS of some degree (equated to Level A harassment). Level B Harassment--Though significantly driven by received level, the onset of behavioral disturbance from anthropogenic noise exposure is also informed to varying degrees by other factors related to the source or exposure context (e.g., frequency, predictability, duty cycle, duration of the exposure, signal-to-noise ratio, distance to the source), the environment (e.g., bathymetry, other noises in the area, predators in the area), and the receiving animals (hearing, motivation, experience, demography, life stage, depth) and can be difficult to predict (e.g., Southall et al., 2007, 2021; Ellison et al., 2012). Based on what the available science indicates and the practical need to use a threshold based on a metric that is both predictable and measurable for most activities, NMFS typically uses a generalized acoustic threshold based on received level to estimate the onset of behavioral harassment. NMFS generally predicts that marine mammals are likely to be behaviorally harassed in a manner considered to be Level B harassment when exposed to underwater anthropogenic noise above root- mean-squared pressure received levels (RMS SPL) of 120 dB (referenced to 1 micropascal (re 1 [mu]Pa)) for continuous (e.g., vibratory pile driving, drilling) and above RMS SPL 160 dB re 1 [mu]Pa for non- explosive impulsive (e.g., seismic airguns) or intermittent (e.g., scientific sonar) sources. Generally speaking, Level B harassment take estimates based on these behavioral harassment thresholds are expected to include any likely takes by TTS as, in most cases, the likelihood of TTS occurs at distances from the source less than those at which behavioral harassment is likely. TTS of a sufficient degree can manifest as behavioral harassment, as reduced hearing sensitivity and the potential reduced opportunities to detect important signals (conspecific communication, predators, prey) may result in changes in behavior patterns that would not otherwise occur. CBS's proposed activity includes the use of continuous (vibratory pile driving) and impulsive (impact pile driving) sources, and therefore the RMS SPL thresholds of 120 and 160 dB re 1 [mu]Pa is/are applicable. Level A harassment--NMFS' Technical Guidance for Assessing the Effects of Anthropogenic Sound on Marine Mammal Hearing (Version 2.0) (Technical Guidance, 2018) identifies dual criteria to assess auditory injury (Level A harassment) to five different marine mammal groups (based on hearing sensitivity) as a result of exposure to noise from two different types of sources (impulsive or non-impulsive). CBS's proposed activity includes the use of impulsive (impact pile driving) and non-impulsive (continuous pile driving) sources. These thresholds are provided in the table below. The references, analysis, and methodology used in the development of the thresholds are described in NMFS' 2018 Technical Guidance, which may be accessed at: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/national/marine-mammal-protection/marine-mammal-acoustic-technical-guidance. Table 4--Thresholds Identifying the Onset of PTS ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PTS onset acoustic thresholds * (received level) Hearing group ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Impulsive Non-impulsive ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Low-Frequency (LF) Cetaceans........... Cell 1: Lpk,flat: 219 dB; Cell 2: LE,LF,24h: 199 dB. LE,LF,24h: 183 dB. Mid-Frequency (MF) Cetaceans........... Cell 3: Lpk,flat: 230 dB; Cell 4: LE,MF,24h: 198 dB. LE,MF,24h: 185 dB. High-Frequency (HF) Cetaceans.......... Cell 5: Lpk,flat: 202 dB; Cell 6: LE,HF,24h: 173 dB. LE,HF,24h: 155 dB. Phocid Pinnipeds (PW) (Underwater)..... Cell 7: Lpk,flat: 218 dB; Cell 8: LE,PW,24h: 201 dB. LE,PW,24h: 185 dB. Otariid Pinnipeds (OW) (Underwater).... Cell 9: Lpk,flat: 232 dB; Cell 10: LE,OW,24h: 219 dB. LE,OW,24h: 203 dB. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Dual metric acoustic thresholds for impulsive sounds: Use whichever results in the largest isopleth for calculating PTS onset. If a non-impulsive sound has the potential of exceeding the peak sound pressure level thresholds associated with impulsive sounds, these thresholds should also be considered. Note: Peak sound pressure (Lpk) has a reference value of 1 [mu]Pa, and cumulative sound exposure level (LE) has a reference value of 1[mu]Pa\2\s. In this table, thresholds are abbreviated to reflect ANSI standards (ANSI, 2013). However, peak sound pressure is defined by ANSI as incorporating frequency weighting, which is not the intent for this Technical Guidance. Hence, the subscript ``flat'' is being included to indicate peak sound pressure should be flat weighted or unweighted within the generalized hearing range. The subscript associated with cumulative sound exposure level thresholds indicates the designated marine mammal auditory weighting function (LF, MF, and HF cetaceans, and PW and OW pinnipeds) and that the recommended accumulation period is 24 hours. The cumulative sound exposure level thresholds could be exceeded in a multitude of ways (i.e., varying exposure levels and durations, duty cycle). When possible, it is valuable for action proponents to indicate the conditions under which these acoustic thresholds will be exceeded. [[Page 56332]] Ensonified Area Here, we describe operational and environmental parameters of the activity that are used in estimating the area ensonified above the acoustic thresholds, including source levels and transmission loss coefficient. The sound field in the project area is the existing background noise plus additional construction noise from the proposed project. Marine mammals are expected to be affected via sound generated by the primary components of the project (i.e., pile driving and removal). The project includes vibratory pile installation and removal, and impact pile driving. Source levels for these activities are based on reviews of measurements of the same or similar types and dimensions of piles available in the literature. Source levels for each pile size and activity each year are presented in table 5. Source levels for vibratory installation and removal of piles of the same diameter are assumed to be the same. Table 5--Estimates of Mean Underwater Sound Levels * Generated During Vibratory and Impact Pile Installation and Vibratory Pile Removal -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pile size Pile driving method Pile type (in.) dB RMS dB peak dB SEL Reference -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Impact................................... Steel Pipe Support Pile..... 36 193 210 183 Caltrans 2015, 2020. Steel Pipe Batter Pile...... Vibratory Installation and Extraction.... Steel Pipe Support.......... 36 166 N/A N/A NMFS 2023 Calculations. Steel Pipe Batter........... Steel Pipe Fender........... 24 163 N/A N/A NMFS 2023 Calculations. Steel Pipe Template......... -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note: dB peak = peak sound level; rms = root mean square; SEL = sound exposure level. * All sound levels are referenced at 10 m. TL is the decrease in acoustic intensity as an acoustic pressure wave propagates out from a source. TL parameters vary with frequency, temperature, sea conditions, current, source and receiver depth, water depth, water chemistry, and bottom composition and topography. The general formula for underwater TL is: TL = B x Log10 (R1/R2), where TL = transmission loss in dB B = transmission loss coefficient R1 = the distance of the modeled SPL from the driven pile, and R2 = the distance from the driven pile of the initial measurement Absent site-specific acoustical monitoring with differing measured TL, a practical spreading value of 15 is used as the TL coefficient in the above formula. Site-specific TL data for the Sitka Sound are not available; therefore, the default coefficient of 15 is used to determine the distances to the Level A harassment and Level B harassment thresholds. The ensonified area associated with Level A harassment is more technically challenging to predict due to the need to account for a duration component. Therefore, NMFS developed an optional User Spreadsheet tool to accompany the Technical Guidance that can be used to relatively simply predict an isopleth distance for use in conjunction with marine mammal density or occurrence to help predict potential takes. We note that because of some of the assumptions included in the methods underlying this optional tool, we anticipate that the resulting isopleth estimates are typically going to be overestimates of some degree, which may result in an overestimate of potential take by Level A harassment. However, this optional tool offers the best way to estimate isopleth distances when more sophisticated modeling methods are not available or practical. For stationary sources such as pile driving, the optional User Spreadsheet tool predicts the distance at which, if a marine mammal remained at that distance for the duration of the activity, it would be expected to incur PTS. Inputs used in the optional User Spreadsheet tool, and the resulting estimated isopleths, are reported below. Table 6--User Spreadsheet Inputs -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Vibratory Impact ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 36-in haulout 36-in haulout 24-in haulout 36-in haulout 36-in haulout pier support pier batter pier fender 24-in template pier support pier batter pile pile pile pile pile pile -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Installation Installation or removal Installation ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Spreadsheet Tab Used.................................... A.1) Vibratory Pile Driving E.1) Impact Pile Driving ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Source Level (SPL)...................................... 166 RMS 163 RMS 183 SEL ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Transmission Loss Coefficient........................... 15 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Weighting Factor Adjustment (kHz)....................... 2.5 2 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Activity Duration per day (minutes)..................... 60 120 30 20 .............. .............. Number of strikes per pile.............................. .............. .............. .............. .............. 2,000 3,000 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Number of piles per day................................. 2 4 8 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Distance of sound pressure level measurement............ 10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [[Page 56333]] Table 7--Level A Harassment and Level B Harassment Isopleths and Associated Areas From Vibratory and Impact Pile Driving and Vibratory Removal -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Level A harassment: isopleths (m), areas (km\2\) Level B -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- harassment: Pile size/type Method isopleth (m). LF MF HF PW OW areas (km\2\) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Haulout Pier Support Pile -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 36-in steel pipe pile............. Vibratory 23.4, (0.006) 2.1, (0.001) 34.5, (0.009) 14.2, (0.004) 1.0, (0.001) 11,659, (9.41) Installation. Impact Installation. 2,516, (3.13) 89.5, (0.022) 2,997, (3.64) 1,347, (1.49) 98, (0.024) 1,585, (1.94) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Haulout Pier Batter Pile -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 36-in Steel Pipe Pile............. Vibratory 37.1, (0.010) 3.3, (0.003) 54.8, (0.013) 22.5, (0.006) 1.6, (0.001) 11,659, (9.41) Installation. Impact Installation. 3,297, (3.97) 117.3, (0.029) 3,928, (4.64) 1,765, (2.24) 128, (0.032) 1,585, (1.94) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Haulout Pier Fender Pile -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 24-in Steel Pipe Pile............. Vibratory 14.7, (0.004) 1.3, (0.001) 21.8, (0.006) 9.0, (0.003) 0.6, (0.001) 7,356, (7.61) Installation. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Template Pile -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 24-in Steel Pipe Pile............. Vibratory 17.9, (0.005) 1.6, (0.001) 26.4, (0.008) 10.9, (0.003) 0.8, (0.001) 7,356, (7.61) Installation and Removal. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Marine Mammal Occurrence and Take Estimation In this section we provide information about the occurrence of marine mammals, including density or other relevant information which will inform the take calculations. Additionally, we describe how the occurrence information is synthesized to produce a quantitative estimate of the take that is reasonably likely to occur and proposed for authorization. Available information regarding marine mammal occurrence in the vicinity of the project area includes site-specific and nearby survey information and historic data sets. Prior data sets consulted included: (1) Protected Species Observer (PSO) monitoring completed at the project site on 8 days between September 20 and 29, 2023 during the geotechnical investigation preceding this project (Solstice, 2023), (2) PSO monitoring completed at the project site on 22 days between October and November 2017 during the Multipurpose Dock Project (TMC, 2017), (3) PSO monitoring completed at O'Connell Bridge (approximately 7 km to the east of the project site) on 4 days in June 2019 (CBS, 2019); (4) Land- based surveys conducted at Sitka's Whale Park completed weekly between September and May 1995-2000 (Straley and Pendell (2017)); and, (5) data available on the GBIF (see IHA application for further details). To estimate take, CBS referred to the above referenced data sets to estimate takes per day for each species and multiplied this factor by the total number of construction days. NMFS finds it more appropriate to describe the take estimate inputs according to a daily occurrence probability in which groups per day and group size are estimated for each species and multiplied by the number of days of each type of pile driving activity. The equation used to estimate take by Level B harassment for all species is: Exposure Estimate = group size x groups per day x days of pile driving activity. CBS proposes to implement shutdown zones for mid-frequency cetaceans and otariids (except Steller sea lions) that meet or exceed the Level A harassment isopleths for all activities. For phocids, high frequency cetaceans, and low-frequency cetaceans, the calculated Level A harassment zones exceed the proposed shutdown zones during impact installation of 36-in steel piles, planned to occur on 30 construction days. Because the best available abundance estimates for these species cover the general region of Sitka Sound and Silver Bay, estimates of take by Level A harassment were based on the maximum predicted Level B isopleth for each pile type, typically from vibratory pile driving. In the absence of density data, best available monitoring data for the general area were used to estimate take by Level A harassment. Specifically, to calculate estimated take by Level A harassment for these species, we proportionally compared, by hearing group, the portion of the largest Level A harassment area (km\2\) that exceeds the planned shutdown zone area (km\2\) to the area (km\2\) of the largest Level B harassment zone across that pile type (typically from vibratory pile driving). This ratio was then multiplied by the group size, daily sightings, and number of construction days, according to the following equation: Take by Level A harassment = Level A harassment area (km\2\)/Level B harassment area (km\2\) x group size x groups per day x days of pile driving. For Steller sea lions, during impact pile driving of 24-in and 36- in steel pipe piles, the shutdown zone would be established at 60 m rather than the larger Level A harassment isopleths (100 m and 130 m, respectively) due to practicability; local monitoring data suggests that Steller sea lions frequently occur within close proximity of the project site. The method described above did not produce an estimate of take by Level A harassment consistent with the best available data for this species at the project location. Therefore, recent monitoring data collected at this site (Solstice, 2023), were used as the basis of calculating take by Level A harassment. The proportion of Steller sea lions detected between 60 m and 130 m was multiplied by group size, number of daily sightings, and multiplied by the number of construction days when impact pile driving is proposed according to this equation: Take by Level A harassment = group size x groups per day x days of impact pile driving activity x proportion of Steller sea lions observed occurring between 60-130 m during geotechnical drilling. Proposed take estimates were rounded up to the nearest whole number in table 8. Gray Whale CBS requested take by Level B harassment of 31 gray whales, based on an estimated 1 gray whale every 2 days for 62 construction days. However, [[Page 56334]] during weekly surveys conducted from September to May between 1995 and 2000, gray whales were infrequently observed in groups of three from Whale Park. As such, NMFS finds it more appropriate to propose to authorize 1 group of 3 gray whales every 14 construction days (62/14 construction days = 4.4 2-week construction week periods), resulting in 14 takes by Level B harassment (1 group x 3 gray whales x 4.4 construction periods = 13.2 takes by Level B harassment). The proposed shutdown zone exceeds the calculated Level A harassment zone except during impact pile driving of 36-in steel piles (support and battered), estimated across 30 construction days. As such, it is possible that gray whales may occur in the Level A harassment zone and stay long enough to incur PTS before exiting. For 36-in support piles, the ratio of the Level A harassment area (km\2\) that exceeds the shutdown zone to the maximum predicted Level B harassment area (km\2\) is 0.06. This activity is estimated to take place on 20 construction days. For 36-in batter piles, the ratio of the Level A harassment area (km\2\) that exceeds the shutdown zone to the Level B harassment area is 0.16. This activity is estimated to take place on 10 construction days. As such, 3 takes by Level A harassment are estimated [(0.06 x 4.4 construction periods x 1 group x 3 gray whales) + (0.16 x 4.4 construction periods x 1 group x 3 gray whales) = 2.9 takes by Level A harassment]. Any individuals exposed to the higher levels associated with the potential for PTS closer to the source might also be behaviorally disturbed, however, for the purposes of quantifying take we do not count those exposures of one individual as a take by both Level A harassment take and Level B harassment. Therefore, takes by Level B harassment calculated as described above were further modified to deduct the proposed amount of take by Level A harassment. Therefore, NMFS proposes to authorize 3 takes by Level A harassment and 11 takes by Level B harassment for gray whale, for a total of 14 takes. When allocating take across stocks, take estimates are rounded up to the nearest whole number. Humpback Whale CBS requested take by Level B harassment of 248 humpback whales, based on an estimated 4 humpback whales occurring every 1 construction day for 62 construction days. NMFS concurs with this take estimate, acknowledging that two groups of two humpback whales occurring each construction day is reasonable based on previous monitoring data (2 groups x 2 humpback whales x 62 construction days = 248 takes by Level B harassment of humpback whale). The proposed shutdown zone exceeds the calculated Level A harassment zone except during impact pile driving of 36-in steel piles (support and battered), estimated across 30 construction days. As such, it is possible that humpback whales may occur in the Level A harassment zone and stay long enough to incur PTS before exiting. For 36-in support piles, the ratio of the Level A harassment area (km\2\) that exceeds the shutdown zone to the maximum predicted Level B harassment area (km\2\) is 0.06. This activity is estimated to take place on 20 construction days. For 36-in batter piles, the ratio of the Level A harassment area (km\2\) that exceeds the shutdown zone to the Level B harassment area is 0.16. This activity is estimated to take place on 10 construction days. As such, 12 takes by Level A harassment are estimated [(0.06 x 20 construction days x 2 groups x 2 humpback whales) + (0.16 x 10 construction days x 2 groups x 2 humpback whales) = 11.2 takes by Level A harassment]. Any individuals exposed to the higher levels associated with the potential for PTS closer to the source might also be behaviorally disturbed, however, for the purposes of quantifying take we do not count those exposures of one individual as a take by both Level A harassment take and Level B harassment. Therefore, takes by Level B harassment calculated as described above were further modified to deduct the proposed amount of take by Level A harassment. Therefore, NMFS proposes to authorize 12 takes by Level A harassment and 236 takes by Level B harassment for humpback whale, for a total of 248 takes. When allocating take across stocks, take estimates are rounded up to the nearest whole number. Killer Whale CBS requested take by Level B harassment of 32 killer whales, based on an estimated 1 killer whale occurring every 2 construction days for 62 construction days. However, because killer whales were unpredictably observed from Whale Park in groups of 4-8 during weekly surveys conducted from September to May between 1995 and 2000, NMFS finds it more appropriate to propose to authorize 1 group of 8 killer whales every 7 construction days (62/7 construction days = 8.9 construction weeks), resulting in 71 takes by Level B harassment (1 group x 8 killer whales x 8.9 construction weeks = 71 takes by Level B harassment). No takes by Level A harassment were requested or are proposed for authorization. Pacific White-Sided Dolphin CBS requested take by Level B harassment of 16 Pacific white-sided dolphin, based on an estimated 1 Pacific white-sided dolphin occurring every 4 construction days for 62 construction days. However, Pacific white-sided dolphin were rarely observed from Whale Park in groups of four during weekly surveys conducted from September to May between 1995 and 2000. As such, NMFS finds it more appropriate to propose to authorize 1 group of 4 Pacific white-sided dolphin every 14 construction days (62/14 = 4.4 2-week construction periods), resulting in 18 takes by Level B harassment (1 group x 4 Pacific white-sided dolphin x construction 4.4 periods = 17.6 takes by Level B harassment). No takes by Level A harassment are requested or proposed for authorization. Harbor Porpoise CBS requested take by Level B harassment of 16 harbor porpoise, based on an estimated 1 harbor porpoise occurring every 4 construction days for 62 construction days. However, harbor porpoise were rarely observed from Whale Park in groups of five during weekly surveys conducted from September to May between 1995 and 2000. As such, NMFS finds it more appropriate to propose to authorize 1 group of 5 harbor porpoise every 14 construction days (62/14 construction days = 4.4 2- week construction week periods), resulting in 22 takes by Level B harassment (1 group x 5 harbor porpoises x 4.4 construction periods = 22 takes by Level B harassment). During impact pile driving of 36-in steel piles, estimated across 30 construction days, the expected Level A harassment zone is larger than the planned shutdown zone (see Figure 1 of the Marine Mammal Mitigation and Monitoring Plan). As such, it is possible that harbor porpoise may enter the Level A harassment zone and stay long enough to incur PTS before exiting. For 36-in support piles, the ratio of the Level A harassment area (km\2\) that exceeds the shutdown zone to the maximum predicted Level B harassment area (km\2\) is 0.38. This activity is estimated to take place on 20 construction days (20 construction days/14 days = 1.43 2-week construction periods). For 36- in batter piles, the ratio of the portion of the Level A harassment area that exceeds the shutdown zone area (km\2\) to the maximum predicted Level B harassment [[Page 56335]] area is 0.48. This activity is estimated to take place on 10 construction days (10 construction days/14 days = 0.71 2-week construction periods). As such, five takes by Level A harassment are estimated [(0.38 x 1 group x 5 harbor porpoise x 1.43 2-week construction periods) + (0.48 x 1 group x 5 harbor porpoises x 0.71 2- week construction periods) = 4.4 takes by Level A harassment]. Any individuals exposed to the higher levels associated with the potential for PTS closer to the source might also be behaviorally disturbed; however, for the purposes of quantifying take we do not count those exposures of one individual as a take by both Level A harassment and Level B harassment. Therefore, NMFS proposes to authorize 5 takes by Level A harassment and 17 takes by Level B harassment for harbor porpoise, for a total of 22 takes. Steller Sea Lion CBS requested take by Level B harassment of 496 Steller sea lions, based on an estimated 8 Steller sea lions occurring every 1 construction day for 62 construction days. NMFS concurs with this take estimate, acknowledging that four groups of two Steller sea lions occurring each construction day is reasonable based on previous monitoring data (2 groups x 4 Steller sea lion x 62 construction days = 496 takes by Level B harassment of Steller sea lion). During impact pile driving of 36-in steel piles, estimated across 30 construction days, the expected Level A harassment zone is larger than the proposed shutdown zone. As such, it is possible that Steller sea lion may enter the Level A harassment zone and stay long enough to incur PTS before exiting. For 36-in support piles, the ratio of the Level A harassment area that exceeds the planned shutdown zone (km\2\) to the maximum predicted Level B harassment area (km\2\) for is 0.001. This activity is estimated to take place on 20 construction days. For 36-in batter piles, the ratio of the Level A harassment area (km\2\) to the maximum predicted Level B harassment area is 0.002. This activity is estimated to take place on 10 construction days. As such, one take by Level A harassment was estimated [(0.001 x 20 construction days x 2 groups x 4 Steller sea lion x 20 construction days) + (0.002 x 10 construction days x 2 groups x 4 Steller sea lion x 10 construction days) = 0.32 takes by Level A harassment]. However, the 0.32 takes by Level A harassment estimated using the method described above does not likely reflect the occurrence of Steller sea lion in the project area. Based on monitoring data collected during geotechnical survey conducted to inform this IHA application, Steller sea lions are expected to disproportionally occur within close proximity to the project site. Approximately 37 percent of Steller sea lions documented during that survey were observed between 60 m and 130 m, which corresponds to the Level A zones during impact pile driving of 36-in piles. These scenarios may occur on up to 30 construction days. Therefore 89 additional takes by Level A harassment are proposed for authorization (2 groups of 4 Steller sea lion x 30 construction days x 0.37 = 89 takes by Level A harassment). Any individuals exposed to the higher levels associated with the potential for PTS closer to the source might also be behaviorally disturbed, however, for the purposes of quantifying take we do not count those exposures of one individual as a take by both Level A and Level B harassment. Therefore takes by Level B harassment calculated as described above are further modified to deduct the proposed amount of take by Level A harassment. Therefore, NMFS proposes to authorize 89 takes by Level A harassment and 407 takes by Level B harassment for Steller sea lion, for a total of 496 takes. California Sea Lion CBS requested take by Level B harassment of five California sea lions, based on an estimated one California sea lion occurring every month that construction is planned (October to March = 5 months) to account for the unlikely but small possibility that California sea lion could occur in the project area. However, NMFS finds it more appropriate to estimate take by Level B harassment according to proposed duration of in-water work (62 construction days/30 days in 1 month = 2.06 construction months). As such, NMFS proposes to authorize take by Level B harassment of three California sea lion (1 group x 1 California sea lion x 2.06 construction months = 2.06 takes by Level B harassment of California sea lion). No takes by Level A harassment are requested or proposed for authorization. Northern Fur Seal CBS requested take by Level B harassment of five northern fur seals, based on an estimated one northern fur seal occurring every month that construction is planned (October--March = 5 months) to account for the unlikely but small possibility that northern fur seals could occur in the project area. However, NMFS finds it more appropriate to estimate take by Level B harassment according to proposed duration of in-water work (62 construction days/30 days in 1 month = 2.06 months). As such, NMFS proposes to authorize take by Level B harassment of three northern fur seals (1 group x 1 northern fur seal x 2.06 construction months = 2.06 takes by Level B harassment of northern fur seal). No takes by Level A harassment are requested or proposed for authorization. Harbor Seal CBS requested take by Level B harassment of 124 harbor seals, based on an estimated 2 harbor seals occurring every 2 construction days for 62 construction days. However, because harbor seals are frequently documented in the project area, NMFS finds it more appropriate to propose to authorize 186 takes by Level B harassment of harbor seal, based on the maximum groups size of 3 documented at the project site in 2017 (1 group x 3 harbor seal x 62 construction days = 186 takes by Level B harassment). During impact pile driving of 36-in steel piles, estimated across 30 construction days, the expected Level A harassment zone is larger than the planned shutdown zone. As such, it is possible that harbor seal may enter the Level A harassment zone and stay long enough to incur PTS before exiting. For 36-in support piles, the ratio of the Level A harassment area (km\2\) that exceeds the planned shutdown zone to the Level B harassment area (km\2\) is 0.16. This activity is estimated to take place on 20 construction days. For 36-in batter piles, the ratio of the Level A harassment area that exceeds the shutdown zone area (km\2\) to the maximum predicted Level B harassment area is 0.23 (km\2\). This activity is estimated to take place on 10 construction days. As such, 34 takes by Level A harassment are estimated [(0.16 x 20 construction days x 1 group x 3 harbor seals x 20 construction days) + (0.23 x 10 construction days x 1 group x 3 harbor seals) = 33.2 takes by Level A harassment]. Any individuals exposed to the higher levels associated with the potential for PTS closer to the source might also be behaviorally disturbed, however, for the purposes of quantifying take we do not count those exposures of one individual as a take by both Level A harassment take and Level B harassment. Therefore takes by Level B harassment calculated as described above are further modified to deduct the proposed amount of take by Level A harassment. Therefore, NMFS proposes to authorize 34 takes by Level A harassment and 152 takes by [[Page 56336]] Level B harassment for harbor seal, for a total of 186 takes. The total proposed take authorization for all species is summarized in table 8 below. Take by Level A harassment is proposed for a total of 3 incidents for gray whale, 11 incidents for humpback whale, 5 incidents for harbor porpoise, 6 instances for Steller sea lion, and 34 incidents for harbor seal. Table 8--Proposed Take by Stock and Harassment Type and as a Percentage of Stock Abundance ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Proposed authorized take \1\ Proposed take -------------------------------- as a Species Stock percentage of Level B Level A stock harassment harassment abundance ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gray Whale............................ Eastern N Pacific....... 11 3 <1 Mexico--North Pacific... 5 1 <1 Humpback Whale \2\.................... Hawai[revaps]i.......... 231 11 <1 Killer Whale \3\...................... ENP Alaska Resident..... 44 0 2.3 ENP Northern Resident... 7 0 14.2 ENP Gulf of Alaska, 14 0 2.4 Aleutian Islands, and Bering Sea. West Coast Transient.... 8 0 2.3 Pacific white-sided dolphin........... North Pacific........... 18 0 <1 Harbor Porpoise....................... Yakutat/Southeast Alaska 17 5 (\4\) Offshore Waters. Steller sea lion \5\.................. Western DPS............. 5 1 <1 Eastern DPS............. 402 88 1.3 California sea lion................... United States........... 3 0 <1 Northern fur seal..................... Eastern Pacific......... 3 0 <1 Harbor Seal........................... Sitka/Chatham Strait.... 152 34 1.4 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ When allocating take across stocks, take estimates are rounded up to the nearest whole number. \2\ 2 percent of take by Level A and Level B harassment of humpback whales are allocated to the Mexico DPS according to NMFS, 2021 \3\ Take by level B harassment of killer whale is allocated across stocks according to the proportion of the stock compared to total number of animals in all four stocks that could occur in the project area: Alaska Residents, 60.7 percent; Northern Residents, 9.6 percent; Gulf of Alaska, Aleutian Islands, and Bering Sea: 18.6 percent; West Coast Transient, 11.1 percent. \4\ A reliable abundance estimate for this stock is currently unavailable. \5\ 1.2 percent take by Level A and Level B harassment of Steller sea lions are allocated to the Western DPS according to Hastings et al. (2020). Proposed Mitigation In order to issue an IHA under section 101(a)(5)(D) of the MMPA, NMFS must set forth the permissible methods of taking pursuant to the activity, and other means of effecting the least practicable impact on the species or stock and its habitat, paying particular attention to rookeries, mating grounds, and areas of similar significance, and on the availability of the species or stock for taking for certain subsistence uses (latter not applicable for this action). NMFS regulations require applicants for incidental take authorizations to include information about the availability and feasibility (economic and technological) of equipment, methods, and manner of conducting the activity or other means of effecting the least practicable adverse impact upon the affected species or stocks, and their habitat (50 CFR 216.104(a)(11)). In evaluating how mitigation may or may not be appropriate to ensure the least practicable adverse impact on species or stocks and their habitat, as well as subsistence uses where applicable, NMFS considers two primary factors: (1) The manner in which, and the degree to which, the successful implementation of the measure(s) is expected to reduce impacts to marine mammals, marine mammal species or stocks, and their habitat, as well as subsistence uses. This considers the nature of the potential adverse impact being mitigated (likelihood, scope, range). It further considers the likelihood that the measure will be effective if implemented (probability of accomplishing the mitigating result if implemented as planned), the likelihood of effective implementation (probability implemented as planned); and, (2) The practicability of the measures for applicant implementation, which may consider such things as cost, and impact on operations. Mitigation for Marine Mammals and Their Habitat Shutdown Zones--For all pile driving activities, CBS proposes to implement shutdowns within designated zones. The purpose of a shutdown zone is generally to define an area within which shutdown of the activity would occur upon sighting of a marine mammal (or in anticipation of an animal entering the defined area). Shutdown zones vary based on the activity type and marine mammal hearing group (table 9). In most cases, the shutdown zones are based on the estimated Level A harassment isopleth distances for each hearing group. However, in cases where it would be challenging to detect marine mammals at the Level A harassment isopleth (e.g., for phocids, high frequency cetaceans, and low frequency cetaceans during impact pile driving) and/ or frequent shutdowns would create practicability concerns (e.g., Steller sea lions during impact pile driving), smaller shutdown zones have been proposed (table 9). Construction supervisors and crews, Protected Species Observers (PSOs), and relevant CBS staff must avoid direct physical interaction with marine mammals during construction activity. If a marine mammal comes within 10 m of such activity, operations must cease and vessels must reduce speed to the minimum level required to maintain steerage and safe working conditions, as necessary to avoid direct physical interaction. If an activity is delayed or halted due to the presence of a marine mammal, the activity may not commence or resume until either the animal has voluntarily exited and been visually confirmed beyond the shutdown zone indicated in table 9, or 15 minutes have passed without re-detection of the animal. Finally, construction activities must be halted upon observation of a species for which incidental take is not [[Page 56337]] authorized or a species for which incidental take has been authorized but the authorized number of takes has been met entering or within any harassment zone. If a marine mammal species not covered under this IHA enters a harassment zone, all in-water activities will cease until the animal leaves the zone or has not been observed for at least 15 minutes, and NMFS would be notified about species and precautions taken. Pile driving will proceed if the unauthorized species is observed leaving the harassment zone or if 15 minutes have passed since the last observation. Table 9--Proposed Shutdown Zones ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Shutdown zones (m) ----------------------------------------------------------------- OW Pile size/type Method --------------------- LF MF HF PW Steller sea lion Other OW ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Haulout Pier Support Pile ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 36-in Steel Pipe Pile........ Vibratory 30 10 40 20 10 10 Installation. Impact 2,000 90 300 130 60 100 Installation. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Haulout Pier Batter Pile ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 36-in Steel Pipe Pile........ Vibratory 40 10 60 30 10 10 Installation. Impact 2,000 120 300 130 60 130 Installation. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Haulout Pier Fender Pile ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 24-in Steel Pipe Pile........ Vibratory 20 10 30 10 10 10 Installation. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Template Pile ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 24-in Steel Pipe Pile........ Vibratory 20 10 30 20 10 10 Installation and removal. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Protected Species Observers (PSOs)--The number and placement of PSOs during all construction activities (described in the Proposed Monitoring and Reporting section) would ensure that the entire shutdown zone is visible during impact pile driving. In such cases, PSOs would monitor the Level A harassment zone and corresponding shutdown zone to the greatest extent practicable. CBS would employ at least three PSOs for all pile driving activities. Monitoring for Level A and Level B Harassment--PSOs would monitor the shutdown zones and beyond to the extent that PSOs can see. Monitoring beyond the shutdown zones enables observers to be aware of and communicate the presence of marine mammals in the project areas outside the shutdown zones and thus prepare for a potential cessation of activity should the animal enter the shutdown zone. If a marine mammal enters either harassment zone, PSOs will document the marine mammal's presence and behavior. Pre-and Post-Activity Monitoring--Prior to the start of daily in- water construction activity, or whenever a break in pile driving of 30 minutes or longer occurs, PSOs would observe the shutdown zones and as much as the harassment zones as possible for a period of 30 minutes. Pre-start clearance monitoring must be conducted during periods of visibility sufficient for the lead PSO to determine that the shutdown zones are clear of marine mammals. If the shutdown zone is obscured by fog or poor lighting conditions, in-water construction activity will not be initiated until the entire shutdown zone is visible. Pile driving may commence following 30 minutes of observation when the determination is made that the shutdown zones are clear of marine mammals. If a marine mammal is observed entering or within shutdown zones, pile driving activity must be delayed or halted. If pile driving is delayed or halted due to the presence of a marine mammal, the activity may not commence or resume until either the animal has voluntarily exited and been visually confirmed beyond the shutdown zone or 15 minutes have passed without re-detection of the animal. If a marine mammal for which take by Level B harassment is authorized is present in the Level B harassment zone, activities may begin. Soft-Start--The use of soft-start procedures are believed to provide additional protection to marine mammals by providing warning and/or giving marine mammals a chance to leave the area prior to the hammer operating at full capacity. For impact pile driving, contractors would be required to provide an initial set of three strikes from the hammer at reduced energy, with each strike followed by a 30-second waiting period. This procedure would be conducted a total of three times before impact pile driving begins. Soft start would be implemented at the start of each day's impact pile driving and at any time following cessation of impact pile driving for a period of 30 minutes or longer. Soft start is not required during vibratory pile driving activities. Based on our evaluation of the applicant's proposed measures, NMFS has preliminarily determined that the proposed mitigation measures provide the means of effecting the least practicable impact on the affected species or stocks and their habitat, paying particular attention to rookeries, mating grounds, and areas of similar significance. Note that the applicant opted to forgo the use of a bubble curtain as a mitigation measure as its use would decrease production rates due to the need to reposition the curtain around piles and vessel traffic, the need to maintain and operate the compressor, and delays associated with mechanical malfunctions. Proposed Monitoring and Reporting In order to issue an IHA for an activity, section 101(a)(5)(D) of the MMPA states that NMFS must set forth requirements pertaining to the monitoring and reporting of such taking. [[Page 56338]] The MMPA implementing regulations at 50 CFR 216.104(a)(13) indicate that requests for authorizations must include the suggested means of accomplishing the necessary monitoring and reporting that will result in increased knowledge of the species and of the level of taking or impacts on populations of marine mammals that are expected to be present while conducting the activities. Effective reporting is critical both to compliance as well as ensuring that the most value is obtained from the required monitoring. Monitoring and reporting requirements prescribed by NMFS should contribute to improved understanding of one or more of the following: Occurrence of marine mammal species or stocks in the area in which take is anticipated (e.g., presence, abundance, distribution, density); Nature, scope, or context of likely marine mammal exposure to potential stressors/impacts (individual or cumulative, acute or chronic), through better understanding of: (1) action or environment (e.g., source characterization, propagation, ambient noise); (2) affected species (e.g., life history, dive patterns); (3) co-occurrence of marine mammal species with the activity; or (4) biological or behavioral context of exposure (e.g., age, calving or feeding areas); Individual marine mammal responses (behavioral or physiological) to acoustic stressors (acute, chronic, or cumulative), other stressors, or cumulative impacts from multiple stressors; How anticipated responses to stressors impact either: (1) long-term fitness and survival of individual marine mammals; or (2) populations, species, or stocks; Effects on marine mammal habitat (e.g., marine mammal prey species, acoustic habitat, or other important physical components of marine mammal habitat); and, Mitigation and monitoring effectiveness. Visual Monitoring--Marine mammal monitoring during pile driving activities must be conducted by NMFS-approved PSOs in a manner consistent with the following: PSOs must be independent of the activity contractor (for example, employed by a subcontractor), and have no other assigned tasks during monitoring periods; At least one PSO must have prior experience performing the duties of a PSO during construction activity pursuant to a NMFS-issued incidental take authorization; Other PSOs may substitute other relevant experience, education (degree in biological science or related field) or training for experience performing the duties of a PSO during construction activities pursuant to a NMFS-issued incidental take authorization; Where a team of three or more PSOs is required, a lead observer or monitoring coordinator will be designated. The lead observer will be required to have prior experience working as a marine mammal observer during construction activity pursuant to a NMFS-issued incidental take authorization; and, PSOs must be approved by NMFS prior to beginning any activity subject to this IHA. PSOs should also have the following additional qualifications: Ability to conduct field observations and collect data according to assigned protocols; Experience or training in the field identification of marine mammals, including identification of behaviors; Sufficient training, orientation, or experience with the construction operation to provide for personal safety during observations; Writing skills sufficient to prepare a report of observations including, but not limited to, the number and species of marine mammals observed; dates and times when in-water construction activities were conducted; dates, times, and reason for implementation of mitigation (or why mitigation was note implemented when required); and marine mammal behavior; and, Ability to communicate orally, by radio or in person, with project personnel to provide real-time information on marine mammals observed in the area as necessary. Visual monitoring would be conducted by a minimum of three trained PSOs positioned at suitable vantage points, such as the project site, Sawmill Creek Road and Medveje Hatchery (see figure 1 in the Marine Mammal Mitigation and Monitoring Plan). During vibratory pile driving, at least one PSO would have an unobstructed view of all water within the shutdown zone. During impact pile driving, a second PSO would be placed at Sawmill Creek Road to ensure the largest shutdown zone extending into Eastern Channel is observable and a third PSO would be placed at Medvejie Hatchery to ensure as much of the shutdown zone in Silver Bay is observable as possible. All PSOs would be stationed on elevated platforms to aid in monitoring marine mammals. Monitoring would be conducted 30 minutes before, during, and 30 minutes after all in water construction activities. In addition, PSOs will record all incidents of marine mammal occurrence, regardless of distance from activity, and will document any behavioral reactions in concert with distance from piles being driven or removed. Pile driving activities include the time to install or remove a single pile or series of piles, as long as the time elapsed between uses of the pile driving equipment is no more than 30 minutes. Reporting CBS would submit a draft marine mammal monitoring report to NMFS within 90 days after the completion of pile driving activities, or 60 days prior to a requested date of issuance of any future IHAs for the project, or other projects at the same location, whichever comes first. The marine mammal monitoring report will include an overall description of work completed, a narrative regarding marine mammal sightings, and associated PSO data sheets. Specifically, the report will include: Dates and times (begin and end) of all marine mammal monitoring; Construction activities occurring during each daily observation period, including: (1) the number and type of piles that were driven and the method (e.g., impact or vibratory); and, (2) total duration of driving time for each pile (vibratory driving) and number of strikes for each pile (impact driving); PSO locations during marine mammal monitoring; Environmental conditions during monitoring periods (at beginning and end of PSO shift and whenever conditions change significantly), including Beaufort sea state and any other relevant weather conditions including cloud cover, fog, sun glare, and overall visibility to the horizon, and estimated observable distance; Upon observation of a marine mammal, the following information: (1) name of PSO who sighted the animal(s) and PSO location and activity at time of sighting; (2) time of sighting; (3) identification of the animal(s) (e.g., genus/species, lowest possible taxonomic level, or unidentified), PSO confidence in identification, and the composition of the group if there is a mix of species; (4) distance and location of each observed marine mammal relative to the pile being driven for each sighting; (5) estimated number of animals (min/max/best estimate); (6) estimated number of animals by cohort (adults, juveniles, neonates, group composition, etc.); (7) animal's closest point of approach and estimated time spent within the harassment zone; and, [[Page 56339]] (8) description of any marine mammal behavioral observations (e.g., observed behaviors such as feeding or traveling), including an assessment of behavioral responses thought to have resulted from the activity (e.g., no response or changes in behavioral state such as ceasing feeding, changing direction, flushing, or breaching); Number of marine mammals detected within the harassment zones, by species; and, Detailed information about implementation of any mitigation (e.g., shutdowns and delays), a description of specific actions that ensued, and resulting changes in behavior of the animal(s), if any. A final report must be prepared and submitted within 30 calendar days following receipt of any NMFS comments on the draft report. If no comments are received from NMFS within 30 calendar days of receipt of the draft report, the report shall be considered final. All PSO data would be submitted electronically in a format that can be queried such as a spreadsheet or database and would be submitted with the draft marine mammal report. In the event that personnel involved in the construction activities discover an injured or dead marine mammal, the Holder must report the incident to the OPR, NMFS ([email protected] and [email protected]) and Alaska Regional Stranding network (877-925- 7773) as soon as feasible. If the death or injury was clearly caused by the specified activity, the Holder must immediately cease the activities until NMFS OPR is able to review the circumstances of the incident and determine what, if any, additional measures are appropriate to ensure compliance with the terms of this IHA. The Holder must not resume their activities until notified by NMFS. The report must include the following information: Time, date, and location (latitude/longitude) of the first discovery (and updated location information if known and applicable); Species identification (if known) or description of the animal(s) involved; Condition of the animal(s) (including carcass condition if the animal is dead); Observed behaviors of the animal(s), if alive; If available, photographs or video footage of the animal(s); and, General circumstances under which the animal was discovered. Negligible Impact Analysis and Determination NMFS has defined negligible impact as an impact resulting from the specified activity that cannot be reasonably expected to, and is not reasonably likely to, adversely affect the species or stock through effects on annual rates of recruitment or survival (50 CFR 216.103). A negligible impact finding is based on the lack of likely adverse effects on annual rates of recruitment or survival (i.e., population- level effects). An estimate of the number of takes alone is not enough information on which to base an impact determination. In addition to considering estimates of the number of marine mammals that might be ``taken'' through harassment, NMFS considers other factors, such as the likely nature of any impacts or responses (e.g., intensity, duration), the context of any impacts or responses (e.g., critical reproductive time or location, foraging impacts affecting energetics), as well as effects on habitat, and the likely effectiveness of the mitigation. We also assess the number, intensity, and context of estimated takes by evaluating this information relative to population status. Consistent with the 1989 preamble for NMFS' implementing regulations (54 FR 40338, September 29, 1989), the impacts from other past and ongoing anthropogenic activities are incorporated into this analysis via their impacts on the baseline (e.g., as reflected in the regulatory status of the species, population size and growth rate where known, ongoing sources of human-caused mortality, or ambient noise levels). To avoid repetition, the discussion of our analysis applies to all the species listed in table 2, given that the anticipated effects of this activity on these different marine mammal stocks are expected to be similar. There is little information about the nature or severity of the impacts, or the size, status, or structure of any of these species or stocks that would lead to a different analysis for this activity. Pile driving and removal activities associated with the project, as outlined previously, have the potential to disturb or displace marine mammals. Specifically, the specified activities may result in take, in the form of Level B harassment and, for some species, Level A harassment from underwater sounds generated by pile driving and removal. Potential takes could occur if individuals are present in the ensonified zone when these activities are underway. No serious injury or mortality is expected, even in the absence of required mitigation measures, given the nature of the activities. Further, no take by Level A harassment is anticipated for gray whale, killer whale, Pacific white-sided dolphin, California sea lion, and Northern fur seal due to the application of planned mitigation measures, such as shutdown zones that encompass the Level A harassment zones for the species, the rarity of the species near the action area, and the small Level A harassment zones (for mid-frequency cetaceans only) (see Proposed Mitigation section). Take by Level A harassment is proposed for authorization for four species (humpback whale, harbor porpoise, harbor seal, and Steller sea lion). Any take by Level A harassment is expected to arise from, at most, a small degree of PTS (i.e., minor degradation of hearing capabilities within regions of hearing that align most completely with the energy produced by impact pile driving such as the low-frequency region below 2 kHz), not severe hearing impairment or impairment within the ranges of greatest hearing sensitivity. Animals would need to be exposed to higher levels and/or longer duration than are expected to occur here in order to incur any more than a small degree of PTS. Further, the amount of take proposed for authorization by Level A harassment is very low for the marine mammal stocks and species. For five species, NMFS anticipates no take by Level A harassment over the duration of CBS's planned activities; NMFS expects no more than 11 takes by Level A harassment for humpback whale; 5 takes by Level A harassment for harbor porpoise; 34 takes by Level A harassment for harbor seal NMFS; and 89 takes by Level A harassment for Steller sea lion. If hearing impairment occurs, it is most likely that the affected animal would lose only a few dB in its hearing sensitivity. Due to the small degree anticipated, any PTS potential incurred would not be expected to affect the reproductive success or survival of any individuals, much less result in adverse impacts on the species or stock. Additionally, some subset of the individuals that are behaviorally harassed could also simultaneously incur some small degree of TTS for a short duration of time. However, since the hearing sensitivity of individuals that incur TTS is expected to recover completely within minutes to hours, it is unlikely that the brief hearing impairment would affect the individual's long-term ability to forage and communicate with conspecifics, [[Page 56340]] and would therefore not likely impact reproduction or survival of any individual marine mammal, let alone adversely affect rates of recruitment or survival of the species or stock. Effects on individuals that are taken by Level B harassment in the form of behavioral disruption, on the basis of reports in the literature as well as monitoring from other similar activities, would likely be limited to reactions such as avoidance, increased swimming speeds, increased surfacing time, or decreased foraging (if such activity were occurring) (e.g., Thorson and Reyff, 2006). Most likely, individuals would simply move away from the sound source and temporarily avoid the area where pile driving is occurring. If sound produced by project activities is sufficiently disturbing, animals are likely to simply avoid the area while the activities are occurring. We expect that any avoidance of the project areas by marine mammals would be temporary in nature and that any marine mammals that avoid the project areas during construction would not be permanently displaced. Short-term avoidance of the project areas and energetic impacts of interrupted foraging or other important behaviors is unlikely to affect the reproduction or survival of individual marine mammals, and the effects of behavioral disturbance on individuals is not likely to accrue in a manner that would affect the rates of recruitment or survival of any affected stock. The project is also not expected to have significant adverse effects on affected marine mammals' habitats. The project activities would not modify existing marine mammal habitat for a significant amount of time. The activities may cause a low level of turbidity in the water column and some fish may leave the area of disturbance, thus temporarily impacting marine mammals' foraging opportunities in a limited portion of the foraging range; but, because of the short duration of the activities and the relatively small area of the habitat that may be affected (with no known particular importance to marine mammals), the impacts to marine mammal habitat are not expected to cause significant or long-term negative consequences. While Steller sea lions are common in the project area, there are no essential primary constituent elements, such as haulouts or rookeries, present. The nearest haulout is well over 25 km away. Therefore, the project is not expected to have significant adverse effects on the critical habitat of Western DPS Steller sea lions. No areas of specific biological importance (e.g., ESA critical habitat, BIAs, or other areas) for any other species are known to co-occur with the project area. In addition, it is unlikely that minor noise effects in a small, localized area of habitat would have any effect on each stock's ability to recover. In combination, we believe that these factors, as well as the available body of evidence from other similar activities, demonstrate that the potential effects of the specified activities would have only minor, short-term effects on individuals. The specified activities are not expected to impact rates of recruitment or survival and would therefore not result in population-level impacts. In summary and as described above, the following factors primarily support our preliminary determination that the impacts resulting from this activity are not expected to adversely affect any of the species or stocks through effects on annual rates of recruitment or survival: No serious injury or mortality is anticipated or authorized; Level A harassment would be very small amounts of a low degree; Take by Level A harassment of only humpback whale, harbor porpoise, Steller sea lions and harbor seals; For all species, Silver Bay and East Channel are a very small and peripheral part of their range; Anticipated takes by Level B harassment are relatively low for all stocks. Level B harassment would be primarily in the form of behavioral disturbance, resulting in avoidance of the project areas around where impact or vibratory pile driving is occurring, with some low-level TTS that may limit the detection of acoustic cues for relatively brief amounts of time in relatively confined footprints of activities; Effects on species that serve as prey for marine mammals from the activities are expected to be short-term and, therefore, any associated impacts on marine mammal feeding are not expected to result in significant or long-term consequences for individuals, or to accrue to adverse impacts on their populations; The ensonified areas are very small relative to the overall habitat ranges of all species and stocks, and would not adversely affect ESA-designated critical habitat for any species or any areas of known biological importance; The lack of anticipated significant or long-term negative effects to marine mammal habitat; and, CBS would implement mitigation measures including visual monitoring, soft-start, and shutdown zones to minimize the numbers of marine mammals exposed to injurious levels of sound, and to ensure that take by Level A harassment is, at most, a small degree of PTS. Based on the analysis contained herein of the likely effects of the specified activity on marine mammals and their habitat, and taking into consideration the implementation of the proposed monitoring and mitigation measures, NMFS preliminarily finds that the total marine mammal take from the proposed activity will have a negligible impact on all affected marine mammal species or stocks. Small Numbers As noted previously, only take of small numbers of marine mammals may be authorized under sections 101(a)(5)(A) and (D) of the MMPA for specified activities other than military readiness activities. The MMPA does not define small numbers and so, in practice, where estimated numbers are available, NMFS compares the number of individuals taken to the most appropriate estimation of abundance of the relevant species or stock in our determination of whether an authorization is limited to small numbers of marine mammals. When the predicted number of individuals to be taken is fewer than one-third of the species or stock abundance, the take is considered to be of small numbers. Additionally, other qualitative factors may be considered in the analysis, such as the temporal or spatial scale of the activities. The amount of take NMFS proposed to authorize is below one third of the estimated stock abundance for all species. This is likely a conservative estimate because we assume all takes are of different individual animals, which likely would not be the case. Some individuals may return multiple times in a day, but PSOs would count them as separate takes if they cannot be individually identified. The most recent abundance estimate for the Mexico-North Pacific stock of humpback whale is likely unreliable as it is more than 8 years old. The most relevant estimate of this stock's abundance in Southeast Alaska is 918 humpback whales (Wade, 2021), so the 4 proposed takes by Level B harassment and 1 proposed take by Level A harassment is small relative to the estimated abundance (<1 percent), even if each proposed take occurred to a new individual. There is no abundance information available for the Yakutat/ Southeast Alaska stock of harbor porpoise. However, the take numbers are sufficiently small (13 takes by Level B harassment and 9 takes by Level A harassment) that we can safely assume [[Page 56341]] that they are small relative to any reasonable assumption of likely population abundance for these stocks. For reference, current abundance estimates for harbor porpoise stocks in southeast Alaska include 1,619 (Northern Southeast Alaska Inland Waters) and 890 (Southern Southeast Alaska Inland Waters). Based on the analysis contained herein of the proposed activity (including the proposed mitigation and monitoring measures) and the anticipated take of marine mammals, NMFS preliminarily finds that small numbers of marine mammals would be taken relative to the population size of the affected species or stocks. Unmitigable Adverse Impact Analysis and Determination In order to issue an IHA, NMFS must find that the specified activity will not have an ``unmitigable adverse impact'' on the subsistence uses of the affected marine mammal species or stocks by Alaskan Natives. NMFS has defined ``unmitigable adverse impact'' in 50 CFR 216.103 as an impact resulting from the specified activity that: (1) is likely to reduce the availability of the species to a level insufficient for a harvest to meet subsistence needs by (i) causing the marine mammals to abandon or avoid hunting areas, (ii) directly displacing subsistence users, or (iii) placing physical barriers between the marine mammals and the subsistence hunters; and, (2) cannot be sufficiently mitigated by other measures to increase the availability of marine mammals to allow subsistence needs to be met. For marine mammals, Alaska Natives have traditionally harvested harbor seals and Steller sea lions in Sitka, Alaska. During the most recent ADF&G subsistence harvest report (2013), about 11 percent of Sitka households used subsistence-caught marine mammals, however, this is the most recent data available and there has not been a survey since 2013 (ADF&G, 2023). The proposed project is not likely to adversely impact the availability of any marine mammal species or stocks that are commonly used for subsistence purposes or impact subsistence harvest of marine mammals in the region because: There is no recent recorded subsistence harvest of marine mammals in the area; Construction activities are temporary and localized to the Gary Paxton Industrial Park, and industrial area; Construction will not take place during the herring spawning season when subsistence species are more active; Mitigation measures will be implemented to minimize disturbance of marine mammals in the action area; and, The project will not result in significant changes to availability of subsistence resources. Based on the description of the specified activity, the measures described to minimize adverse effects on the availability of marine mammals for subsistence purposes, and the proposed mitigation and monitoring measures, NMFS has preliminarily determined that there will not be an unmitigable adverse impact on subsistence uses from CBS's proposed activities. Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) of the ESA of 1973 (ESA; 16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) requires that each Federal agency insure that any action it authorizes, funds, or carries out is not likely to jeopardize the continued existence of any endangered or threatened species or result in the destruction or adverse modification of designated critical habitat. To ensure ESA compliance for the issuance of IHAs, NMFS consults internally whenever we propose to authorize take for endangered or threatened species, in this case with the Alaska Regional Office (AKRO). NMFS is proposing to authorize take of western DPS of Steller sea lions and the Mexico DPS of humpback whales, which are listed under the ESA. The Permits and Conservation Division has requested initiation of section 7 consultation with the AKRO for the issuance of this IHA. NMFS will conclude the ESA consultation prior to reaching a determination regarding the proposed issuance of the authorization. Proposed Authorization As a result of these preliminary determinations, NMFS proposes to issue an IHA to CBS for conducting Gary Paxton Industrial Park Vessel Haulout project in Sitka, Alaska between October 2024 and March 2025, provided the previously mentioned mitigation, monitoring, and reporting requirements are incorporated. A draft of the proposed IHA can be found at: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/national/marine-mammal-protection/incidental-take-authorizations-construction-activities. Request for Public Comments We request comment on our analyses, the proposed authorization, and any other aspect of this notice of proposed IHA for the proposed pile driving and removal activities. We also request comment on the potential renewal of this proposed IHA as described in the paragraph below. Please include with your comments any supporting data or literature citations to help inform decisions on the request for this IHA or a subsequent renewal IHA. On a case-by-case basis, NMFS may issue a one-time, 1-year renewal IHA following notice to the public providing an additional 15 days for public comments when (1) up to another year of identical or nearly identical activities as described in the Description of Proposed Activity section of this notice is planned, or (2) the activities as described in the Description of Proposed Activity section of this notice would not be completed by the time the IHA expires and a renewal would allow for completion of the activities beyond that described in the Dates and Duration section of this notice, provided all of the following conditions are met: A request for renewal is received no later than 60 days prior to the needed renewal IHA effective date (recognizing that the renewal IHA expiration date cannot extend beyond 1 year from expiration of the initial IHA). The request for renewal must include the following: (1) An explanation that the activities to be conducted under the requested renewal IHA are identical to the activities analyzed under the initial IHA, are a subset of the activities, or include changes so minor (e.g., reduction in pile size) that the changes do not affect the previous analyses, mitigation and monitoring requirements, or take estimates (with the exception of reducing the type or amount of take). (2) A preliminary monitoring report showing the results of the required monitoring to date and an explanation showing that the monitoring results do not indicate impacts of a scale or nature not previously analyzed or authorized. Upon review of the request for renewal, the status of the affected species or stocks, and any other pertinent information, NMFS determines that there are no more than minor changes in the activities, the mitigation and monitoring measures will remain the same and appropriate, and the findings in the initial IHA remain valid. Dated: July 2, 2024. Kimberly Damon-Randall, Director, Office of Protected Resources, National Marine Fisheries Service. [FR Doc. 2024-15012 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3510-22-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:59.423227

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15020

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Page 56342] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15020] [[Page 56342]] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [RTID 0648-XE096] Council Coordination Committee Meeting AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce. ACTION: Notice of a public meeting; information regarding the agenda. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The National Marine Fisheries Service, Office of Sustainable Fisheries, will host an interim session of the Council Coordination Committee (CCC), consisting of the Regional Fishery Management Council chairs, vice chairs, and executive directors, on July 24, 2024. The intent of this virtual meeting is to discuss draft updates to NMFS Procedure 04-114-02, the Ecosystem-Based Fisheries Management (EBFM) Road Map. DATES: The meeting will begin at 3:30 p.m. Eastern Daylight Time (EDT) on Wednesday July 24, adjourning at 5:00 p.m. EDT. ADDRESSES: The meeting will be held online via WebEx at https://noaanmfs-meets.webex.com/noaanmfs-meets/j.php?MTID=md488252c97e93eb5cba28de943a2070c [Meeting number: 2825 457 3083; Password: TsZGuMR!]. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Morgan Corey by email at [email protected] or at (301) 427-8500. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: In 2016, NMFS adopted its EBFM Policy and EBFM Road Map. Both the Policy and the Road Map are part of NMFS's Policy Directive System, which guides work within NMFS, but does not have the force and effect of law and do not bind the public. The EBFM Policy was updated in the Policy Directive System in February 2024, following a scheduled 2023 review. The more detailed EBFM Road Map was also scheduled for and subject to a review in 2023, and NMFS made the draft Road Map available for public review in May 2024. During this interim CCC session, NMFS will brief the CCC on updates to the EBFM Policy and Road Map, and will discuss progress made to date on implementing these internal directives since 2016. The 2007 reauthorization of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act established the CCC. The CCC consists of the chairs, vice chairs, and executive directors of each of the eight Regional Fishery Management Councils. Proposed Agenda Wednesday, July 24, 2024--3:30 p.m.-5 p.m. EDT 1. Welcome (Mike Ruccio) 2. EBFM Policy and Road Map Overview & Discussion (Yvonne deReynier and Jason Link) 3. Public Comment 4. Close of Meeting (Mike Ruccio) Special Accommodations If you have particular access needs please contact Morgan Corey at [email protected] at least 7 business days prior to the meeting for accommodation. Authority: 16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq. Dated: July 3, 2024. Kelly Denit, Director, Office of Sustainable Fisheries, National Marine Fisheries Service. [FR Doc. 2024-15020 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3510-22-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:59.519413

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15001

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Page 56342] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15001] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [RTID 0648-XE086] New England Fishery Management Council; Public Meeting AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce. ACTION: Notice of public meeting. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The New England Fishery Management Council (Council) is holding a hybrid meeting of its Scientific and Statistical Committee (SSC) to consider actions affecting New England fisheries in the exclusive economic zone (EEZ). Recommendations from this group will be brought to the full Council for formal consideration and action, if appropriate. DATES: This meeting will be held on Tuesday, July 30 and Wednesday, July 31, 2024, beginning at 9 a.m. ADDRESSES: This meeting will be held at the Hilton Garden Inn, 100 High Street, Portsmouth, NH 03801; telephone: (603) 431-1499. Webinar Registration information: https://nefmc-org.zoom.us/meeting/register/tJUpceGsrz0uGNUPQ_3alPmYs5qFYQLf6uic. Council address: New England Fishery Management Council, 50 Water Street, Mill 2, Newburyport, MA 01950 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Cate O'Keefe, Executive Director, New England Fishery Management Council; telephone: (978) 465-0492. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Agenda The Scientific and Statistical Committee (SSC) will meet to review the information provided by the Council's Plan Development Teams, review stock assessment information where appropriate, and recommend the overfishing limits (OFL) and acceptable biological catches (ABC) for: Atlantic herring for fishing years (FY) 2025-2027. Four stocks of Atlantic cod for FY 2025-2027.* Georges Bank yellowtail flounder for FY 2025-2026. They will review a method developed by the Northeast Fisheries Science Center for apportioning the biomass of Georges Bank cod and haddock into the Eastern Georges Bank management area. Other business will be discussed as necessary. * Review of some cod stocks may be postponed pending the timing of assessments being final. Although non-emergency issues not contained on the agenda may come before this Council for discussion, those issues may not be the subject of formal action during this meeting. Council action will be restricted to those issues specifically listed in this notice and any issues arising after publication of this notice that require emergency action under section 305(c) of the Magnuson-Stevens Act, provided the public has been notified of the Council's intent to take final action to address the emergency. The public also should be aware that the meeting will be recorded. Consistent with 16 U.S.C. 1852, a copy of the recording is available upon request. Special Accommodations The meetings are physically accessible to people with disabilities. Requests for sign language interpretation or other auxiliary aids should be directed to Cate O'Keefe, Executive Director, at (978) 465- 0492, at least 5 days prior to the meeting date. Authority: 16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq. Dated: July 3, 2024. Rey Israel Marquez, Acting Deputy Director, Office of Sustainable Fisheries, National Marine Fisheries Service. [FR Doc. 2024-15001 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3510-22-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:59.582560

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15018

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56343-56344] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15018] [[Page 56343]] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [RTID 0648-XE087] Endangered Species; File No. 27551 AGENCY: National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Commerce. ACTION: Notice; issuance of permit. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: Notice is hereby given that the Georgia Department of Natural Resources (GA DNR) has been issued a permit for the incidental take of shortnose (Acipenser brevirostrum) and Atlantic sturgeon (A. oxyrinchus) associated with the otherwise lawful commercial shad fishery in Georgia. ADDRESSES: The permit and related documents are available on the NMFS Office of Protected Resources website at: https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/action/incidental-take-permit-georgia-department-natural-resources-0. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Celeste Stout, phone: (301) 427-8436; email: [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Section 9 of the Endangered Species Act (ESA) and Federal regulations prohibits the `taking' of a species listed as endangered or threatened. The ESA defines ``take'' to mean harass, harm, pursue, hunt, shoot, wound, kill, trap, capture, or collect, or to attempt to engage in any such conduct. NMFS may issue permits, under limited circumstances to take listed species when the takes are incidental to, and not the purpose of, otherwise lawful activities. Section 10(a)(1)(B) of the ESA provides for authorizing incidental take of listed species. The regulations for issuing incidental take permits for threatened and endangered species are promulgated at 50 CFR 222.307. Species Covered in This Notice The following species are included in the conservation plan and permit application: Atlantic (Acipenser oxyrinchus) and shortnose (A. brevirostrum) sturgeon. Background On August 21, 2023, notice was published in the Federal Register (88 FR 56804) that a request for a permit for the incidental take of shortnose and Atlantic sturgeon associated with the otherwise lawful commercial shad fishery in Georgia had been submitted by GA DNR. No comments were received during the 30 day public comment period. The requested permit has been issued under the authority of the ESA of 1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and the regulations governing the taking, importing, and exporting of endangered and threatened species (50 CFR parts 222-226). Permit No. 27551 The permit authorizes take of ESA-listed shortnose and Atlantic sturgeon that are caught incidental to the Georgia commercial shad fishery. GA DNR incidental capture will not exceed 60 shortnose sturgeon per year (no more than 180 in a 3-year period) and 40 Atlantic sturgeon per year (no more than 120 in a 3-year period) in the Altamaha River; 5 shortnose sturgeon per year (no more than 15 in a 3-year period) and 25 Atlantic sturgeon per year (no more than 75 in a 3-year period) in the Savannah River. No lethal takes were requested by GA DNR because no mortalities have been observed over the last 10 years. However, due to the risks posed by capture in set and drift gill nets in the GA shad fishery, 10 percent of sturgeon that are captured are expected to be injured and 2.3 percent of both shortnose and Atlantic sturgeon are expected to suffer mortality. Thus, from the above authorized take of shortnose sturgeon, no more than 17 of the interactions may result in injury and no more than 8 mortalities may occur over the duration of the permit. From the above authorized take of Atlantic sturgeon, no more than 17 of the interactions may result in injury and no more than 8 mortalities may occur over the duration of the permit. Conservation Plan Section 10 of the ESA specifies that no permit may be issued unless an applicant submits an adequate conservation plan. The conservation plan prepared by GA DNR describes measures designed to minimize and mitigate the impacts of any incidental take of ESA-listed shortnose sturgeon and Atlantic sturgeon. The State of Georgia has amended its commercial fishing regulations for the Georgia commercial shad fishery to minimize the incidental capture of ESA-listed shortnose sturgeon and the South Atlantic, Carolina, Chesapeake Bay, New York Bight, and Gulf of Maine Distinct Population Segments (DPS) of Atlantic sturgeon. The new regulations restrict fishing to the lower portions of the Savannah and Altamaha Rivers as follows: Waters of the Altamaha River system open to commercial shad fishing are the Ohoopee River upstream to the U.S. Hwy. 1 bridge and the Altamaha River downstream of the US Hwy. 1 bridge to the estuarine waters of the sound/beach boundary. Although they historically were open prior to 2011, all waters upstream of the U.S. Hwy. 1 bridge are closed to commercial shad fishing. These upstream waters include a significant portion of the preferred spawning area and habitat utilized by sturgeon, hence their closure and protection by the GADNR. Waters of the Savannah River system open to commercial shad fishing are the Savannah River downstream of the US Hwy. 301 bridge to the estuarine waters of the sound/beach boundary. The waters upstream of the US Hwy. 301 bridge are considered to include a significant portion of the preferred spawning area and habitat utilized by sturgeon, hence their closure and protection by the GADNR. The Georgia shad fishery is open from January 1 to as late as April 30 each year, but would typically end March 31. In addition, GA DNR will implement measures described in the conservation plan that accompanies the permit to minimize, monitor, and mitigate the incidental take of ESA-listed sturgeon. The conservation plan includes continued implementation of Georgia's amended commercial fishing regulations for the Georgia shad fishery, which are expected to minimize the bycatch of sturgeon by closing to shad fishing sections of the rivers that previously had the highest bycatch rates. These closures would also protect known and suspected sturgeon spawning sites. Georgia regulations require that sturgeon captured in shad nets be released unharmed into the waters from which they were taken. GA DNR is also expected to incidentally capture sturgeon during monitoring of the shad run. GA DNR will set drift nets in the Altamaha River during the fishing season to monitor the shad run and approximate the rate of incidentally captured shortnose and Atlantic sturgeon. This take is covered in the take authorizations provided above, no mortalities are anticipated. GA DNR will continue to educate commercial shad fisherman on identification of sturgeon species; proper handling techniques to minimize impacts to incidentally captured sturgeon, including the importance of frequently checking nets and immediately releasing sturgeon that were incidentally captured; the biological and legal importance of reporting incidental capture of sturgeon; and the importance of accurately recording sturgeon intercepts and returning the trip tickets in a timely manner. GA DNR has also committed to will insert passive integrated [[Page 56344]] transponder (PIT) tags and collect genetic samples from Atlantic sturgeon incidentally captured during monitoring in order to better determine what DPSs of Atlantic sturgeon are being captured in the fishery. The cost associated with the PIT tagging and the genetic sampling components of the conservation plan will be funded through the sources identified in the application. National Environmental Policy Act Issuing an ESA section 10(a)(1)(B) permit constitutes a Federal action requiring NMFS to comply with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA; 42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) as implemented by 40 CFR parts 1500- 1508 and NOAA Administrative Order 216-6, Environmental Review Procedures for Implementing the National Policy Act (1999). NMFS has determined that the activity proposed is categorically excluded from the requirement to prepare an environmental assessment or environmental impact statement. This action falls within the B3 category--Issuance of, and amendments to, ``low effect'' Incidental Take Permits and their supporting ``low effect'' Habitat Conservation Plans under section 10(a)(1)(B) of the ESA. Additionally there are no extraordinary circumstances with the potential for significant environmental effects that would preclude the issuance of this permit type from being categorically excluded. Dated: July 3, 2024. Angela Somma, Chief, Endangered Species Division, Office of Protected Resources, National Marine Fisheries Service. [FR Doc. 2024-15018 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3510-22-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:59.614779

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15042

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Page 56344] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15042] ======================================================================= ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Office of the Secretary [Docket ID: DoD-2024-HA-0076] Proposed Collection; Comment Request AGENCY: The Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs (OASD(HA)), Department of Defense (DoD). ACTION: 60-Day information collection notice. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: In compliance with the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, the Defense Health Agency (DHA) announces a proposed public information collection and seeks public comment on the provisions thereof. Comments are invited on: whether the proposed collection of information is necessary for the proper performance of the functions of the agency, including whether the information shall have practical utility; the accuracy of the agency's estimate of the burden of the proposed information collection; ways to enhance the quality, utility, and clarity of the information to be collected; and ways to minimize the burden of the information collection on respondents, including through the use of automated collection techniques or other forms of information technology. DATES: Consideration will be given to all comments received by September 9, 2024. ADDRESSES: You may submit comments, identified by docket number and title, by any of the following methods: Federal eRulemaking Portal: http://www.regulations.gov. Follow the instructions for submitting comments. Mail: Department of Defense, Office of the Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Privacy, Civil Liberties, and Transparency, Regulatory Directorate, 4800 Mark Center Drive, Mailbox #24, Suite 08D09, Alexandria, VA 22350-1700. Instructions: All submissions received must include the agency name, docket number and title for this Federal Register document. The general policy for comments and other submissions from members of the public is to make these submissions available for public viewing on the internet at http://www.regulations.gov as they are received without change, including any personal identifiers or contact information. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: To request more information on this proposed information collection or to obtain a copy of the proposal and associated collection instruments, please write to Defense Health Agency, 7700 Arlington Blvd., Falls Church, VA 22042, Amanda Grifka, 703-681-1771. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Title; Associated Form; and OMB Number: DHA Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) Complaints Program; DHA Form 28, DHA Form 30, EEO Contact Request E-Form; OMB Control Number 0720-EEOC. Needs and Uses: Individuals have the right to file an EEO complaint with the DHA if they believe their employment, privileges, benefits, and/or working conditions have been adversely impacted due to their protected activity (race, color, etc.), resulting in disparate treatment or impact(s). Individuals wishing to initiate the EEO Complaint Process must provide the necessary information to avoid processing delay(s). Information collected from individuals throughout the EEO Complaint Process and Reasonable Accommodation Process will be used (a) for processing of complaints of discrimination because of race, color, national origin, religion, sex, age, physical and/or mental disability, genetic information, or reprisal; (b) for processing of reasonable accommodation requests; (c) as a data source for complaint and reasonable accommodation information used for production of summary descriptive statistics and analytical studies of complaints and reasonable accommodation processing and resolution efforts; (d) to respond to general requests for information under the Freedom of Information Act; (e) to respond to requests from legitimate outside individuals or agencies (Congress, White House, Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)) regarding the status of an EEO complaint, appeal, or reasonable accommodation request; or (f) to adjudicate an EEO complaint or appeal. Affected Public: Individuals or households. Annual Burden Hours: 425.8 hours. Number of Respondents: 511. Responses per Respondent: 1. Annual Responses: 511. Average Burden per Response: 50 minutes. Frequency: As required. Dated: July 2, 2024. Aaron T. Siegel, Alternate OSD Federal Register Liaison Officer, Department of Defense. [FR Doc. 2024-15042 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6001-FR-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:59.682303

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15048

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56344-56345] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15048] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Office of the Secretary [Docket ID: DoD-2024-OS-0077] Proposed Collection; Comment Request AGENCY: National Defense University (NDU), Department of Defense (DoD). ACTION: 60-Day information collection notice. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: In compliance with the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, the NDU announces a proposed public information collection and seeks public comment on the provisions thereof. Comments are invited on: whether the proposed collection of information is [[Page 56345]] necessary for the proper performance of the functions of the agency, including whether the information shall have practical utility; the accuracy of the agency's estimate of the burden of the proposed information collection; ways to enhance the quality, utility, and clarity of the information to be collected; and ways to minimize the burden of the information collection on respondents, including through the use of automated collection techniques or other forms of information technology. DATES: Consideration will be given to all comments received by September 9, 2024. ADDRESSES: You may submit comments, identified by docket number and title, by any of the following methods: Federal eRulemaking Portal: http://www.regulations.gov. Follow the instructions for submitting comments. Mail: Department of Defense, Office of the Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Privacy, Civil Liberties, and Transparency, Regulatory Directorate, 4800 Mark Center Drive, Mailbox #24, Suite 08D09, Alexandria, VA 22350-1700. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: To request more information on this proposed information collection or to obtain a copy of the proposal and associated collection instruments, please write to National Defense University, 300 5th Ave. SW, Building 64, Room 314Z, Fort Lesley J. McNair, Washington, DC 20319, Monica Owczarzak (NDU Privacy Officer), 202-685-9464. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Title; Associated Form; and OMB Number: NDU Security In-Process Form and National Background Investigation Services (NBIS) eApp Nomination Tier One Background Investigation Form; OMB Control Number 0704-0622. Needs and Uses: This collection is used to properly verify an NDU employee's identity for the purpose of verifying their security clearance and need to know for their intended role at NDU. These collections also initiate minimum background investigations to meet (Homeland Security Presidential Directive 12 requirements for purposes of issuing a Common Access Card and NDU badge. Affected Public: Individuals or households. NDU Security In-Process Form Annual Burden Hours: 27.08. Number of Respondents: 125. Responses per Respondent: 1. Annual Responses: 125. Average Burden per Response: 13 minutes. NDU NBIS eApp Nomination Tier One Background Investigation Form Annual Burden Hours: 16.67. Number of Respondents: 100. Responses per Respondent: 1. Annual Responses: 100. Total Annual Burden Hours: 44. Number of Respondents: 225. Annual Responses: 225. Average Burden per Response: 11.73 minutes. Frequency: Annually. Dated: July 2, 2024. Aaron T. Siegel, Alternate OSD Federal Register Liaison Officer, Department of Defense. [FR Doc. 2024-15048 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6001-FR-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:59.726430

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15041

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56345-56346] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15041] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Office of the Secretary [Docket ID: DoD-2024-OS-0078] Proposed Collection; Comment Request AGENCY: Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness (OUSD(P&R)), Department of Defense (DoD). ACTION: 60-Day information collection notice. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: In compliance with the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, the OUSD(P&R) announces a proposed public information collection and seeks public comment on the provisions thereof. Comments are invited on: whether the proposed collection of information is necessary for the proper performance of the functions of the agency, including whether the information shall have practical utility; the accuracy of the agency's estimate of the burden of the proposed information collection; ways to enhance the quality, utility, and clarity of the information to be collected; and ways to minimize the burden of the information collection on respondents, including through the use of automated collection techniques or other forms of information technology. DATES: Consideration will be given to all comments received by September 9, 2024. ADDRESSES: You may submit comments, identified by docket number and title, by any of the following methods: Federal eRulemaking Portal: http://www.regulations.gov. Follow the instructions for submitting comments. Mail: Department of Defense, Office of the Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Privacy, Civil Liberties, and Transparency, Regulatory Directorate, 4800 Mark Center Drive, Mailbox #24, Suite 08D09, Alexandria, VA 22350-1700. Instructions: All submissions received must include the agency name, docket number and title for this Federal Register document. The general policy for comments and other submissions from members of the public is to make these submissions available for public viewing on the internet at http://www.regulations.gov as they are received without change, including any personal identifiers or contact information. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: To request more information on this proposed information collection or to obtain a copy of the proposal and associated collection instruments, please write to Deputy Director Health and Resilience, 4800 Mark Center Drive, Suite 06E22, Alexandria VA 22350-4000, Lisa Davis, 703-338-8926. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Title; Associated Form; and OMB Number: Workplace and Gender Relations Survey of DoD Civilians; OMB Control Number 0704-0614. Needs and Uses: The legal requirements for the Workplace and Gender Relations Survey of DoD Civilians (WGRC) surveys can be found in the found in the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2015, section 1073, and 10 United States Code (U.S.C.), sections 481a, 136, and 2358. These legal requirements mandate that the WGRC solicit information on gender issues, including issues relating to sexual assault, sexual harassment, and gender discrimination in the DoD civilian employee workplace, as well as the climate in the Department for forming professional relationships between male and female employees. They also give the Department authority to conduct such surveys under the guidance of the USD(P&R). The Office of People Analytics (OPA) administers both web-based and paper-and-pen surveys to support the personnel information needs of the USD(P&R). The WGRC survey expands a series of surveys that began in 1988 with military personnel to DoD civilian employees. OPA conducted Joint Service gender issues surveys of active-duty members in 1988, 1995, 2002, 2006, 2010, 2012, 2016, 2018, 2021, and 2023 and of Reserve component members in 2004, 2008, 2012, 2015, 2017, 2019, 2021, and 2023. This is the fourth iteration of WGRC surveys with DoD civilian employees, with the first iteration occurring in 2016, the second [[Page 56346]] administration in 2018, and the third administration in 2021. The WGRC survey is voluntary and legislatively required to be conducted every two years. Information from the WGR surveys will be used by DoD policy offices and the Military Departments for program evaluation and, specifically, to assess and improve personnel policies, programs, practices, and training related to gender relations in the DoD civilian workplace. OPA will provide reports to DoD policy offices, each Military Department, and the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Affected Public: Individuals or households. Annual Burden Hours: 67,500. Number of Respondents: 135,000. Responses per Respondent: 1. Annual Responses: 135,000. Average Burden per Response: 30 minutes. Frequency: Biennially. Dated: July 2, 2024. Aaron T. Siegel, Alternate OSD Federal Register Liaison Officer, Department of Defense. [FR Doc. 2024-15041 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6001-FR-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:59.776302

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15049

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56346-56347] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15049] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Office of the Secretary Defense Innovation Board; Notice of Federal Advisory Committee Meeting AGENCY: Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering (USD(R&E)), Department of Defense (DoD). ACTION: Notice of Federal Advisory Committee meeting. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The DoD is publishing this notice to announce that the following Federal Advisory Committee meeting of the Defense Innovation Board (DIB) will take place. DATES: Open to the public Wednesday, July 17th, 2024, from 10:30 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. Eastern Daylight Savings Time (EDST). Closed to the public Wednesday, July 17th, 2024, from 1:00 p.m. to 1:30 p.m. EDST. ADDRESSES: The open and closed portions of the DIB public meeting on July 17th, 2024 will take place at the Pentagon in Washington, DC. The open portion will be accessible to the public virtually, via the Defense Visual Information Distribution Service (DVIDS). FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Dr. Marina Theodotou, the DIB Designated Federal Officer (DFO) at (571) 372-7344 (voice) or [email protected]. Mailing address is Defense Innovation Board, 4800 Mark Center Drive, Suite 15D08, Alexandria, VA 22350-3600. Website: https://innovation.defense.gov. The most up-to-date changes to the meeting agenda and link to the virtual meeting can be found on the website. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This meeting is being held under the provisions of chapter 10 of title 5, United States Code (U.S.C.) (commonly known as the ``Federal Advisory Committee Act'' or ``FACA''); 5 U.S.C. 552b and 41 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 102-3.140 and 102-3.150. Due to circumstances beyond the control of the DFO and the DoD, the DIB was unable to provide public notification required by 41 CFR 102- 3.150(a) concerning its July 17, 2024 meeting. Accordingly, the Advisory Committee Management Officer for the DoD, pursuant to 41 CFR 102-3.150(b), waives the 15-calendar day notification requirement. Purpose of Meeting: The mission of the DIB is to provide the Secretary of Defense (SecDef), the Deputy Secretary of Defense (DepSecDef), and the USD(R&E) independent advice and strategic insights on emerging and disruptive technologies and their impact on national security, adoption of commercial sector innovation best practices, and ways to leverage the U.S. innovation ecosystem to align structures, processes, and human capital practices to accelerate and scale innovation adoption, foster a culture of innovation and an experimentation mindset, and enable the DoD to build enduring advantages. The DIB focuses on innovation-related issues and topics raised by the SecDef, the DepSecDef, or the USD(R&E). The objective of this DIB meeting is to hear perspectives from invited speakers, announce to the public the key recommendations resulting from the current studies, and vote on the advice and recommendations to give to the Department. Additionally, the DIB Chair and members will announce the two new studies being undertaken in the continued efforts to advise the SecDef, DepSecDef, and USD(R&E) on scaling innovation. Agenda: The DIB's open portion of the meeting will take place on July 17th, 2024, from 10:30 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. The DIB DFO, Dr. Marina Theodotou, will open the meeting and introduce the DIB Chair, Michael Bloomberg for his welcome and opening remarks. The DIB will present on current studies, discuss relevant innovation topics through conversation and insights from guest speakers, and vote on current studies and recommendations. Guest speakers have been confirmed to provide insights on current studies, as follows: ``Aligning Incentives to Drive Faster Tech Adoption''--A study focusing on how to ensure the workforce is incentivized to innovate and drive faster tech adoption to provide capabilities to the warfighter. Alexis Bonnell, Chief Information Officer and Director of Digital Capabilities Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory. MAJ Michael Kanaan, Military Deputy Chief Information Officer, DoD Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence Office. ``Optimizing How We Innovate with Our Allies and Partners''--A study focusing on the challenges and opportunities of optimization of the innovation processes implemented with Allies and Partners to strengthen the national security of the United States. James Appathurai, The North Atlantic Treaty Organization Acting Assistant Secretary General, Innovation, Hybrid, and Cyber. CAPT Colin Kane, Chief of Staff, Military Deputy, Joint Rapid Acquisition Cell. Following these briefs and DIB discussions, the DIB will deliberate and vote to adopt the advice and recommendations to give to the Department in the form of a report, followed by the DFO who will reference public comments received ahead of this meeting. The Chair will offer closing remarks, and the DFO will adjourn the open session. The DIB will continue in a closed meeting from 1:00 p.m. to 1:30 p.m. during which the DIB members will discuss topics around unmanned systems both for attack and counterattack; matters relating to scaling innovative processes and procedures; issues relating to innovating with our Allies and Partners; and approaches to strengthen how the Department engages with Industry to drive faster tech adoption. The latest version of the agenda can be found on the DIB's website at innovation.defense.gov. Meeting Accessibility: Pursuant to section 1009(a)(1) of the FACA and 41 CFR 1023.140 and 102-3.150, the meeting will be accessible to the public virtually on July 17th, 2024, from 10:30 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. Members of the public wishing to attend the open session virtually will be able to access the link via DVIDS and on the DIB website at innovation.defense.gov. In accordance with section 1009(d) of the FACA and 41 CFR 102-3.155, the DoD has determined that part of the DIB meeting will be closed to the public on July 17, 2024, from 1:00 p.m. to 1:30 p.m. Specifically, the USD(R&E), as the DIB Sponsor, in consultation with the DoD Office of General Counsel, has determined in writing that this portion of the meeting will be closed to the public because the DIB will consider matters covered by 5 U.S.C. 552b(c)(1). [[Page 56347]] The determination is based on the classified nature of discussions related to national security. Such classified material is so intertwined with the unclassified material that it cannot reasonably be segregated into separate discussions without defeating the effectiveness and meaning of the overall meeting. To permit this portion of the meeting to be open to the public would preclude discussion of such matters and would greatly diminish the ultimate utility of the DIB's findings and recommendations to the SecDef and USD(R&E). Written Statements: Pursuant to 41 CFR 102-3.105(l) and 102- 3.140(a)(3) and section 1009(a)(3) of the FACA, the public or interested organizations may submit written comments or statements to the DIB in response to the stated agenda of the meeting or regarding the DIB's mission in general. Written comments or statements should be submitted to Dr. Marina Theodotou, the DFO, via email to [email protected]. Comments or statements must include the author's name, title or affiliation, address, and daytime phone number. The DFO must receive written comments or statements being submitted in response to the agenda set forth in this notice by 12:00 p.m. on Friday, July 12th, 2024, to be considered by the DIB. The DFO will review all timely submitted written comments or statements with the DIB Chair and ensure the comments are provided to all members before the meeting. Written comments or statements received after this date may not be provided to the DIB until its next scheduled meeting. Please note that all submitted comments and statements will be treated as public documents and will be made available for public inspection, including, but not limited to, being posted on the DIB's website. Dated: July 3, 2024. Aaron T. Siegel, Alternate OSD Federal Register Liaison Officer, Department of Defense. [FR Doc. 2024-15049 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6001-FR-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:59.822297

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15043

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Page 56347] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15043] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Office of the Secretary [Docket ID: DoD-2024-HA-0075] Proposed Collection; Comment Request AGENCY: The Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs (OASD(HA)), Department of Defense (DoD). ACTION: 60-Day information collection notice. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: In compliance with the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, the Defense Health Agency (DHA) announces a proposed public information collection and seeks public comment on the provisions thereof. Comments are invited on: whether the proposed collection of information is necessary for the proper performance of the functions of the agency, including whether the information shall have practical utility; the accuracy of the agency's estimate of the burden of the proposed information collection; ways to enhance the quality, utility, and clarity of the information to be collected; and ways to minimize the burden of the information collection on respondents, including through the use of automated collection techniques or other forms of information technology. DATES: Consideration will be given to all comments received by September 9, 2024. ADDRESSES: You may submit comments, identified by docket number and title, by any of the following methods: Federal eRulemaking Portal: http://www.regulations.gov. Follow the instructions for submitting comments. Mail: Department of Defense, Office of the Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Privacy, Civil Liberties, and Transparency, Regulatory Directorate, 4800 Mark Center Drive, Mailbox #24, Suite 08D09, Alexandria, VA 22350-1700. Instructions: All submissions received must include the agency name, docket number and title for this Federal Register document. The general policy for comments and other submissions from members of the public is to make these submissions available for public viewing on the internet at http://www.regulations.gov as they are received without change, including any personal identifiers or contact information. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: To request more information on this proposed information collection or to obtain a copy of the proposal and associated collection instruments, please write to Defense Health Agency, 7700 Arlington Blvd., Falls Church, VA 22042, Amanda Grifka, 703-681-1771. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Title; Associated Form; and OMB Number: Joint Outpatient Experience Surveys (JOES); OMB Control Number 0720-JOES. Needs and Uses: The core objective of the JOES surveys is to systematically assess Military Health System (MHS) beneficiaries' perceptions of their outpatient care quality when received directly at Military Treatment Facilities and through civilian network providers reimbursed by the MHS. Data insights guide efforts to optimize care delivery across the MHS. The JOES survey suite leverages industry best practices to regularly measure patient satisfaction across the facets of outpatient care. Data-driven insights from this comprehensive assessment inform systematic quality improvement efforts for healthcare delivery optimization across the MHS. JOES instruments include: JOES, JOES-CAHPS, JOES-Dental, JOES-Ambulatory, JOES Walk-in Contraceptive Clinic, and JOES-Emergency Department. The JOES-CAHPS surveys adhere to industry protocols outlined by the Clinician & Group Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (CG-CAHPS) for measuring patient satisfaction. Affected Public: Individuals or households. Annual Burden Hours: 25,833. Number of Respondents: 310,000. Responses per Respondent: 1. Annual Responses: 310,000. Average Burden per Response: 5 minutes. Frequency: On occasion. Dated: July 2, 2024. Aaron T. Siegel, Alternate OSD Federal Register Liaison Officer, Department of Defense. [FR Doc. 2024-15043 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6001-FR-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:59.843845

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15052

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56347-56348] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15052] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Office of the Secretary Meeting Notice--Military Justice Review Panel AGENCY: Department of Defense (DoD). ACTION: Notice of meeting. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The DoD is publishing this notice to announce that the following meeting of the Military Justice Review Panel (MJRP) will take place. DATES: July 16-18, 2024. ADDRESSES: This meeting will be held in the National Capital Region. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr. L. Peter Yob, 703-693-3857 (Voice), [email protected] (Email). Mailing address is MJRP, One Liberty Center, 875 N Randolph Street, Suite 150, Arlington, Virginia 22203. Information about the Military Justice Review Panel can be found on the website: https://mjrp.osd.mil. [[Page 56348]] SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Pursuant to 5521 of the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for Fiscal Year (FY) 2017, as amended by 531(k) of the FY 2018 NDAA, the Secretary of Defense established this panel to conduct independent periodic reviews and assessments of the operation of the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ), 10 U.S.C. 946, Article 146 (effective January 1, 2019). Purpose of the Meeting: Pursuant to UCMJ Article 146, the MJRP shall conduct independent periodic reviews and assessments of the operation of the UCMJ. This will be the eleventh meeting held by the MJRP during which the members will work and deliberate on their comprehensive review which will be submitted to Congress at the end of this calendar year. At this meeting the MJRP will conduct closed sessions for MJRP members only. Dated: July 3, 2024. Aaron T. Siegel, Alternate OSD Federal Register Liaison Officer, Department of Defense. [FR Doc. 2024-15052 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6001-FR-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:59.957888

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14985

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56348-56349] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14985] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE Department of the Army, Corps of Engineers Notice of Intent To Prepare a Draft Feasibility Report and Environmental Impact Statement for the Collier County Coastal Storm Risk Management Project, Collier County, Florida AGENCY: U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Department of the Army, DoD. ACTION: Notice of intent. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: Pursuant to the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) plans to prepare a draft Integrated Feasibility Study and Environmental Impact Statement (IFR/ EIS) for the Collier County Coastal Storm Risk Management Study. This study will investigate the feasibility of managing coastal storm risks to nearshore areas of Collier County, Florida, from hurricanes and other storms with their associated wind, storm surge, and coastal flooding. This notice announces USACE's intent to determine the scope of the issues to be addressed and identify the significant issues related to a proposed action. DATES: Scoping comments may be submitted until August 8, 2024. ADDRESSES: The public is invited to submit National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) scoping comments to Mrs. Kathy Hanes, Department of the Army, USACE Norfolk District at Fort Norfolk, 803 Front St., Norfolk, VA 23510 or via email: [email protected]. The project title, USACE-CW Planning-NAD/SAD-NAO-476674, and the commenter's contact information should be included with submitted comments. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mrs. Kathy Hanes, (757) 201-7218. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: USACE is issuing this notice pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq., as implemented by the Council on Environmental Quality Regulations (40 CFR parts 1500-1508) and 54 U.S.C. 300101 et seq., as implemented by Advisory Council on Historic Preservation regulations (36 CFR part 800). The study authority is provided in Section 4033 of the Water Resources Development Act of 2007 (Pub. L. 110-114), which authorizes a study to determine the feasibility of carrying out a project for hurricane and storm risk management and flood risk management in the vicinity of Vanderbilt, Park Shore, and Naples beaches, Collier County, Florida. The greater Study Area includes the nearshore, shoreline, back bays, connecting waters, and inland areas within the jurisdictional boundary of Collier County, Florida. The Study Area also includes any material borrow areas located within Federal waters of the Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) not within Collier County. The focused Study Area is separated into four different Planning Areas to help stream-line plan formulation and numeric modeling exercises. The four separable Planning Areas (PAs) are (1) North County Beaches, (2) Naples, (3) Goodland, and (4) Marco Island. Additionally, and not limited to only within these PAs, is analysis and inclusion of risk management measures for Critical Infrastructure. The study will investigate the feasibility of addressing storm and flood risks to vulnerable populations, property, infrastructure, and ecosystems along coastlines in Collier County, and develop and evaluate various alternatives aimed at managing those risks and increasing coastal resiliency against storm surge. Several alternatives are currently being considered, including a no action alternative and various combinations of nonstructural measures and nature-based solutions for managing risks and damages caused by coastal storms in the Study Area in Collier County, Florida. Measures being considered include nature-based solutions such as beach nourishment berms and vegetated dunes, (sometimes considered ``soft'' structural measures), mangrove restoration, and living shorelines; and nonstructural measures such as elevations of residences, dry and wet flood-proofing of buildings and critical infrastructure, and early warning systems. Effects to be considered include but are not limited to the following: temporary and permanent social effects on disadvantaged or underserved communities due to nonstructural measures; potential primary or secondary effects on or near nearshore hardbottom resources threatened/endangered species, Essential Fish Habitat, and other benthic and aquatic resources, water quality, hydraulics and hydrology; temporary and or permanent effects on recreational use; effects on cultural resources; air quality and greenhouse gas emissions, and other relevant social and environmental effects. USACE is the lead Federal agency and Collier County is the non- Federal sponsor for the study effort. The Cities of Naples and Marco Island were also invited to participate in regular study coordination with Collier County as key stakeholders. Cooperating agencies include the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Participating agencies include the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), Advisory Council on Historic Properties (ACHP), Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP), the Florida Department of State Division of Historic Resources (DHR), Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC), Florida Division of Emergency Management (FDEM), Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT), the Seminole Tribe of Oklahoma, the Seminole Tribe of Florida, the Miccosukee Tribe of Indians in Florida, and the Thlopthlocco Tribal Town. USACE anticipates that the following permits will be required: water quality certification pursuant to section 401 of the Clean Water Act, a Federal consistency determination pursuant to the Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA), and leases from BOEM for use of offshore borrow areas. Coordination with environmental agencies will be conducted under the Endangered Species Act, the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation Act, the Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act, the National Historic Preservation Act, and other Federal and State laws and regulations. Public NEPA scoping meetings were held on the following dates: 18 April 2023 via Zoom; in person on 26 April [[Page 56349]] 2023; multiple in-person public meetings on 21-22 June 2023; and in- person community meetings on 16-17 January 2024. Virtual monthly public information meetings have been held since July 2023. Federal, State, and local agencies, Indian tribes, and the public are invited to provide scoping comments on alternatives and effects, including any relevant information, studies, or analyses. Scoping comments will be accepted until August 8, 2024. All comments received during the scoping period are being used to identify additional measures and alternatives, significant resources, and impacts that should be considered in the EIS. Additional comments received outside the scoping period will be considered prior to the Draft EIS public review period, to the extent possible. For comments that cannot be addressed prior to the public review period, the comments will be included with the public review period comments on the draft EIS and addressed at that time. Availability of Draft EIS: USACE estimates that the Draft IFR/EIS will be available for public review and comment in November 2024. At that time, USACE will provide a 60-day public review period for individuals and agencies to review and comment. USACE will notify all interested agencies, organizations, and individuals of the availability of the draft document at that time. A Final IFR/EIS is anticipated in late 2025. Daniel H. Hibner, Brigadier General, U.S. Army, Commanding. [FR Doc. 2024-14985 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 3720-58-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:26:59.994999

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15053

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56349-56356] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15053] ======================================================================= ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Applications for New Awards; Technical Assistance on State Data Collection--National Technical Assistance Center To Improve State Capacity To Collect, Report, Analyze, and Use Accurate IDEA Part B Data AGENCY: Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, Department of Education. ACTION: Notice. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The Department of Education (Department) is issuing a notice inviting applications for new awards for fiscal year (FY) 2024 for Technical Assistance on State Data Collection--National Technical Assistance Center to Improve State Capacity to Collect, Report, Analyze, and Use Accurate IDEA Part B Data. DATES: Applications Available: July 9, 2024. Deadline for Transmittal of Applications: August 8, 2024. Pre-Application Webinar Information: No later than July 15, 2024, the Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services will post details on pre-recorded informational webinars designed to provide technical assistance (TA) to interested applicants. Links to the webinars may be found at https://www2.ed.gov/fund/grant/apply/osep/new-osep-grants.html. ADDRESSES: For the addresses for obtaining and submitting an application, please refer to our Common Instructions for Applicants to Department of Education Discretionary Grant Programs, published in the Federal Register on December 7, 2022 (87 FR 75045) and available at www.federalregister.gov/documents/2022/12/07/2022-26554/common-instructions-for-applicants-to-department-of-education-discretionary-grant-programs. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Richelle Davis, U.S. Department of Education, 400 Maryland Avenue SW, Room 4A10, Washington, DC 20202. Telephone: 202-245-6391. Email: [email protected]. If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability and wish to access telecommunications relay services, please dial 7-1-1. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Full Text of Announcement I. Funding Opportunity Description Purpose of Program: The purpose of the Technical Assistance on State Data Collection program is to improve the capacity of States to meet the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) data collection and reporting requirements. Funding for the program is authorized under section 611(c)(1) of IDEA, which gives the Secretary authority to reserve not more than one-half of one percent of the amounts appropriated under Part B for each fiscal year to provide TA activities, where needed, to improve the capacity of States to meet the data collection and reporting requirements under Parts B and C of IDEA. The maximum amount the Secretary may reserve under this set-aside for any fiscal year is $25,000,000, cumulatively adjusted by the rate of inflation. Section 616(i) of IDEA requires the Secretary to review the data collection and analysis capacity of States to ensure that data and information determined necessary for implementation of section 616 of IDEA are collected, analyzed, and accurately reported to the Secretary. It also requires the Secretary to provide TA, where needed, to improve the capacity of States to meet the data collection requirements, which include the data collection and reporting requirements in sections 616 and 618 of IDEA. In addition, the Secretary may use funds reserved under section 611(c) of IDEA to ``administer and carry out other services and activities to improve data collection, coordination, quality, and use under Parts B and C of the IDEA.'' Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024, Public Law 118-47, Division D, Title III, 136 Stat. 138, 460 (2024). The Data Center will provide TA to help States to (1) effectively and efficiently respond to IDEA-related data submission requirements; (2) improve the analyses of IDEA data to the extent these analyses respond to critical policy questions that will facilitate program improvement and compliance accountability; and (3) comply with applicable privacy requirements, including the privacy and confidentiality requirements under IDEA and the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (20 U.S.C. 1232g) and its regulations at 34 CFR part 99.\1\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ The Center must review the need for additional resources (with input from the Department) and disseminate existing resources developed by the Department, such as: (1) IDEA/FERPA Crosswalk (Surprenant & Miller, August 24, 2022); and (2) Data sharing agreement template (at https://dasycenter.org/us-dept-ed-shares-idea-data-sharing-mou-template/). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Assistance Listing Number (ALN): 84.373Y. OMB Control Number: 1820-0028. Priority: This competition includes one absolute priority. This priority is from the notice of final priority and requirements (NFP) for this program published elsewhere in this issue of the Federal Register. Absolute Priority: For FY 2024 and any subsequent year in which we make awards from the list of unfunded applications from this competition, this priority is an absolute priority. Under 34 CFR 75.105(c)(3), we consider only applications that meet this priority. This priority is: National Technical Assistance Center to Improve State Capacity to Collect, Report, Analyze, and Use Accurate IDEA Part B Data. Priority: The purpose of this priority is to fund a cooperative agreement to establish and operate the National Technical Assistance Center to Improve State Capacity to Collect, Report, Analyze, and Use Accurate IDEA Part B Data (Data Center). The Data Center will provide TA to help States better meet current and [[Page 56350]] future IDEA Part B data collection and reporting requirements, improve data quality, and analyze and use section 616, section 618, and other IDEA data (e.g., State Supplemental Survey-IDEA) to identify and address programmatic strengths and areas for improvement. This Data Center will focus on providing TA on collecting, reporting, analyzing, and using Part B data on children with disabilities ages 3 through 21 required under sections 616 and 618 of IDEA. However, the Data Center will not provide TA on Part B data required under section 616 of IDEA for Indicators B7 (Preschool Outcomes) and B12 (Early Childhood Transition); TA on collecting, reporting, analyzing, and using Part B data associated with children with disabilities ages 3 through 5 for these indicators will be provided by the National IDEA Technical Assistance Center on Early Childhood Data Systems, ALN 84.373Z. The Center must achieve, at a minimum, the following expected outcomes: (a) Improved State data infrastructure by coordinating and promoting communication and effective data governance strategies among relevant State offices, including State educational agencies (SEAs), local educational agencies (LEAs), and schools to improve the quality of IDEA data required under sections 616 and 618 of IDEA; (b) Increased capacity of States to submit accurate and timely data, to enhance current State validation procedures, and to prevent future errors in State-reported IDEA Part B data; (c) Improved capacity of States to meet the data collection and reporting requirements under sections 616 and 618 of IDEA by addressing personnel training needs, developing effective tools (e.g., training modules) and resources (e.g., documentation of State data processes), and providing in-person and virtual opportunities for cross-State collaboration about data collection and reporting requirements that States can use to train personnel in schools, programs, agencies, and districts; (d) Improved capacity of SEAs, and LEAs in collaboration with SEAs, to collect, report, analyze, and use both SEA and LEA IDEA data to identify programmatic strengths and areas for improvement, address root causes of poor performance towards outcomes, and evaluate progress towards outcomes; (e) Improved IDEA data validation by using results from data reviews conducted by the Department to work with States to generate tools that can be used by States to lead to improvements in the validity and reliability of data required by IDEA and enable States to communicate accurate data to local consumers (e.g., parents and families, school boards, the general public); and (f) Increased capacity of States to collect, report, analyze, and use high-quality IDEA Part B data. In addition, to be considered for funding under this competition, applicants must meet the following requirements: Applicants must-- (a) Demonstrate, in the narrative section of the application under ``Significance,'' how the proposed project will-- (1) Address the capacity needs of SEAs and LEAs to meet IDEA Part B data collection and reporting requirements and to increase their capacity to analyze and use section 616 and section 618 data as both a means of improving data quality and identifying programmatic strengths and areas for improvement. To meet this requirement the applicant must-- (i) Demonstrate knowledge of current educational issues and policy initiatives about IDEA Part B data collection and reporting requirements and knowledge of State and local data collection systems, as appropriate; (ii) Present applicable national, State, and local data to demonstrate the capacity needs of SEAs and LEAs to meet IDEA Part B data collection and reporting requirements and use section 616 and section 618 data as a means of both improving data quality and identifying programmatic strengths and areas for improvement; and (iii) Describe how SEAs and LEAs are currently meeting IDEA Part B data collection and reporting requirements and use section 616 and section 618 data as a means of both improving data quality and identifying programmatic strengths and areas for improvement. (b) Demonstrate, in the narrative section of the application under ``Quality of project services,'' how the proposed project will-- (1) Ensure equal access and treatment for members of groups that have traditionally been underrepresented based on race, color, national origin, gender, age, or disability. To meet this requirement, the applicant must describe how it will-- (i) Identify the needs of the intended recipients for TA and information; and (ii) Ensure that products and services meet the needs of the intended recipients of the grant; (2) Achieve its goals, objectives, and intended outcomes. To meet this requirement, the applicant must provide-- (i) Measurable intended project outcomes; and (ii) In appendix A, the logic model (as defined in 34 CFR 77.1) by which the proposed project will achieve its intended outcomes, which depicts, at a minimum, the goals, activities, outputs, and intended outcomes of the proposed project; (3) Use a conceptual framework (and provide a copy in appendix A) to develop project plans and activities, describing any underlying concepts, assumptions, expectations, beliefs, or theories, as well as the presumed relationships or linkages among these variables, and any empirical support for this framework; [[Page 56351]] Note: The following websites provide more information on logic models and conceptual frameworks: https://osepideasthatwork.org/sites/default/files/2021-12/ConceptualFramework_Updated.pdf and www.osepideasthatwork.org/resources-grantees/program-areas/ta-ta/tad-project-logic-model-and-conceptual-framework. (4) Be based on current research and make use of evidence-based practices (EBPs).\2\ To meet this requirement, the applicant must describe-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\ For purposes of these requirements, ``evidence-based practices'' (EPBs) means, at a minimum, demonstrating a rationale (as defined in 34 CFR 77.1) based on high-quality research findings or positive evaluation that such activity, strategy, or intervention is likely to improve student outcomes or other relevant outcomes. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (i) The current research on the capacity of SEAs and LEAs to report and use data, specifically section 616 and section 618 data, as both a means of improving data quality and identifying strengths and areas for improvement; and (ii) How the proposed project will incorporate current research and EBPs in the development and delivery of its products and services; (5) Develop products and provide services that are of high quality and sufficient intensity and duration to achieve the intended outcomes of the proposed project. To address this requirement, the applicant must describe-- (i) How it proposes to identify and develop the knowledge base on the capacity needs of SEAs and LEAs to meet IDEA Part B data collection and reporting requirements and SEA and LEA analysis and use of sections 616 and 618 data as a means of both improving data quality and identifying programmatic strengths and areas for improvement; (ii) Its proposed approach to universal, general TA,\3\ which must identify the intended recipients, including the type and number of recipients, that will receive the products and services under this approach; --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \3\ ``Universal, general TA'' means TA and information provided to independent users through their own initiative, resulting in minimal interaction with TA center staff and including one-time, invited or offered conference presentations by TA center staff. This category of TA also includes information or products, such as newsletters, guidebooks, or research syntheses, downloaded from the TA center's website by independent users. Brief communications by TA center staff with recipients, either by telephone or email, are also considered universal, general TA. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (iii) Its proposed approach to targeted, specialized TA,\4\ which must identify-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \4\ ``Targeted, specialized TA'' means TA services based on needs common to multiple recipients and not extensively individualized. A relationship is established between the TA recipient and one or more TA center staff. This category of TA includes one-time, labor-intensive events, such as facilitating strategic planning or hosting regional or national conferences. It can also include episodic, less labor-intensive events that extend over a period of time, such as facilitating a series of conference calls on single or multiple topics that are designed around the needs of the recipients. Facilitating communities of practice can also be considered targeted, specialized TA. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (A) The intended recipients, including the type and number of recipients, that will receive the products and services under this approach; and (B) Its proposed approach to measure the readiness of potential TA recipients to work with the project, assessing, at a minimum, their current infrastructure, available resources, and ability to build capacity at the local level; and (iv) Its proposed approach to intensive, sustained TA,\5\ which must identify-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \5\ ``Intensive, sustained TA'' means TA services often provided on-site and requiring a stable, ongoing relationship between the TA center staff and the TA recipient. ``TA services'' are defined as negotiated series of activities designed to reach a valued outcome. This category of TA should result in changes to policy, program, practice, or operations that support increased recipient capacity or improved outcomes at one or more systems levels. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (A) The intended recipients, including the type and number of recipients, that will receive the products and services under this approach; (B) Its proposed approach to measure the readiness of SEA personnel to work with the project, including their commitment to the initiative, alignment of the initiative to their needs, current infrastructure, available resources, and ability to build capacity at the SEA and LEA levels; (C) Its proposed approach to prioritizing TA recipients with a primary focus on meeting the needs of States with known ongoing data quality issues, as measured by the Office of Special Education Programs' (OSEP's) review of the quality of the IDEA sections 616 and 618 data; (D) Its proposed plan for assisting SEAs (and LEAs, in conjunction with SEAs) to build or enhance training systems related to the IDEA Part B data collection and reporting requirements that include professional development based on adult learning principles and coaching; (E) Its proposed plan for working with appropriate levels of the education system (e.g., SEAs, regional TA providers, LEAs, schools, and families) to ensure that there is communication between each level and that there are systems in place to support the capacity needs of SEAs and LEAs to meet Part B data collection and reporting requirements under sections 616 and 618 of the IDEA; and (F) Its proposed plan for collaborating and coordinating with Department-funded TA investments (e.g., the Center funded under 84.373Z, the Center for IDEA Fiscal Reporting, the Center for the Integration of IDEA Data, the Data Center to Address Significant Disproportionality, and the Weiss Center) and Institute of Education Sciences/National Center for Education Statistics research and development investments, where appropriate, in order to align complementary work and jointly develop and implement products and services to meet the purposes of this priority; and (6) Develop products and implement services that maximize efficiency. To address this requirement, the applicant must describe-- (i) How the proposed project will use technology to achieve the intended project outcomes; (ii) With whom the proposed project will collaborate and the intended outcomes of this collaboration; and (iii) How the proposed project will use non-project resources to achieve the intended project outcomes. (c) In the narrative section of the application under ``Quality of the project evaluation,'' include an evaluation plan for the project developed in consultation with and implemented by a third-party \6\ evaluator. The evaluation plan must-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \6\ A ``third-party'' evaluator is an independent and impartial program evaluator who is contracted by the grantee to conduct an objective evaluation of the project. This evaluator must not have participated in the development or implementation of any project activities, except for the evaluation activities, or have any financial interest in the outcome of the evaluation. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Articulate formative and summative evaluation questions, including important process and outcome evaluation questions. These questions should be related to the project's proposed logic model required in paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of these application and administrative requirements; (2) Describe how progress in and fidelity of implementation, as well as project outcomes, will be measured to answer the evaluation questions. Specify the measures and associated instruments or sources for data appropriate to the evaluation questions. Include information regarding reliability and validity of measures where appropriate; (3) Describe strategies for analyzing data and how data collected as part of this plan will be used to inform and improve service delivery over the course of the project and to refine the proposed logic model and evaluation plan, including subsequent data collection; [[Page 56352]] (4) Provide a timeline for conducting the evaluation and include staff assignments for completing the plan. The timeline must indicate that the data will be available annually for the annual performance report and at the end of Year 2 for the review process; and (5) Dedicate sufficient funds in each budget year to cover the costs of developing or refining the evaluation plan in consultation with a third-party evaluator, as well as the costs associated with the implementation of the evaluation plan by the third-party evaluator. (d) Demonstrate, in the narrative section of the application under ``Adequacy of resources and quality of project personnel,'' how-- (1) The proposed project will encourage applications for employment from persons who are members of groups that have traditionally been underrepresented based on race, color, national origin, gender, age, or disability, as appropriate; (2) The proposed key project personnel, consultants, and subcontractors have the qualifications and experience to carry out the proposed activities and achieve the project's intended outcomes; (3) The applicant and any key partners have adequate resources to carry out the proposed activities; and (4) The proposed costs are reasonable in relation to the anticipated results and benefits, and funds will be spent in a way that increases their efficiency and cost-effectiveness, including by reducing waste or achieving better outcomes. (e) Demonstrate, in the narrative section of the application under ``Quality of the management plan,'' how-- (1) The proposed management plan will ensure that the project's intended outcomes will be achieved on time and within budget. To address this requirement, the applicant must describe-- (i) Clearly defined responsibilities for key project personnel, consultants, and subcontractors, as applicable; and (ii) Timelines and milestones for accomplishing the project tasks; (2) Key project personnel and any consultants and subcontractors will be allocated to the project and how these allocations are appropriate and adequate to achieve the project's intended outcomes; (3) The proposed management plan will ensure that the products and services provided are of high quality, relevant, easily accessible, and useful to recipients; and (4) The proposed project will benefit from a diversity of perspectives, including those of families, educators, TA providers, researchers, and policy makers, among others, in its development and operation. (f) Address the following application requirements: (1) Include, in Appendix A, personnel-loading charts and timelines, as applicable, to illustrate the management plan described in the narrative; (2) Include, in the budget, attendance at the following: (i) A one and one-half day kick-off meeting in Washington, DC, after receipt of the award, and an annual planning meeting in Washington, DC, with the OSEP project officer and other relevant staff during each subsequent year of the project period. Note: Within 30 days of receipt of the award, a post-award teleconference must be held between the OSEP project officer and the grantee's project director or other authorized representative; (ii) A two and one-half day project directors' conference in Washington, DC, during each year of the project period; and (iii) Three annual two-day trips to attend Department briefings, Department-sponsored conferences, and other meetings, as requested by OSEP; (3) Include, in the budget, a line item for an annual set-aside of 5 percent of the grant amount to support emerging needs that are consistent with the proposed project's intended outcomes, as those needs are identified in consultation with, and approved by, the OSEP project officer. With approval from the OSEP project officer, the project must reallocate any remaining funds from this annual set-aside no later than the end of the third quarter of each budget period; (4) Provide an assurance that it will maintain a high-quality website, with an easy-to-navigate design, that meets government or industry-recognized standards for accessibility; (5) Include, in Appendix A, an assurance to assist OSEP with the transfer of pertinent resources and products and to maintain the continuity of services to States during the transition to this new award period and at the end of this award period, as appropriate; and (6) Budget at least 50 percent of the grant award for providing targeted and intensive TA to States. Program Authority: 20 U.S.C. 1411(c), 1416(i), 1418(c), 1418(d), 1442; Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2024, Public Law 118-47, Division D, Title III, 138 Stat. 460, 685 (2024). Note: Projects will be awarded and must be operated in a manner consistent with the nondiscrimination requirements contained in Federal civil rights laws. Applicable Regulations: (a) The Education Department General Administrative Regulations in 34 CFR parts 75, 77, 79, 81, 82, 84, 86, 97, 98, and 99. (b) The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Guidelines to Agencies on Governmentwide Debarment and Suspension (Nonprocurement) in 2 CFR part 180, as adopted and amended as regulations of the Department in 2 CFR part 3485. (c) The OMB Guidance for Federal Financial Assistance in 2 CFR part 200, as adopted and amended as regulations of the Department in 2 CFR part 3474. (d) The NFP. (e) The regulations for this program in 34 CFR part 300. Note: The Department will implement the changes included in the OMB final rule, OMB Guidance for Federal Financial Assistance (https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2024/04/22/2024-07496/guidance-for-federal-financial-assistance), formerly called, Office of Management and Budget Guidance for Grants and Agreements, which amends 2 CFR part 200, on October 1, 2024. Grant applicants who anticipate a performance period start date on or after October 1, 2024, should follow the provisions stated in the updated 2 CFR part 200, when preparing an application. For more information about these updated regulations please visit: https://www2.ed.gov/policy/fund/guid/uniform-guidance/index.html. The Department will continue to provide more resources on our web page as they become available. Note: The regulations in 34 CFR part 79 apply to all applicants except federally recognized Indian Tribes. Note: The regulations in 34 CFR part 86 apply to institutions of higher education (IHEs) only. II. Award Information Type of Award: Cooperative agreement. Estimated Available Funds: $6,250,000 in year one; $6,500,000 in years two through five. Contingent upon the availability of funds and the quality of applications, we may make additional awards in FY 2025 from the list of unfunded applications from this competition. Maximum Award: We will not make an award exceeding $6,250,000 for a single budget period of 12 months in year one and $6,500,000 for a single budget period of 12 months in years two through five. [[Page 56353]] Estimated Number of Awards: 1. Note: The Department is not bound by any estimates in this notice. Project Period: Up to 60 months. III. Eligibility Information 1. Eligible Applicants: SEAs; State lead agencies under Part C of IDEA; LEAs, including public charter schools that are considered LEAs under State law; IHEs; other public agencies; private nonprofit organizations; freely associated States and outlying areas; Indian Tribes or Tribal organizations; and for-profit organizations. 2. a. Cost Sharing or Matching: This competition does not require cost sharing or matching. b. Indirect Cost Rate Information: This program uses an unrestricted indirect cost rate. For more information regarding indirect costs, or to obtain a negotiated indirect cost rate, please see https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocfo/intro.html. c. Administrative Cost Limitation: This program does not include any program-specific limitation on administrative expenses. All administrative expenses must be reasonable and necessary and conform to Cost Principles described in 2 CFR part 200, subpart E of the OMB Guidance for Federal Financial Assistance. 3. Subgrantees: Under 34 CFR 75.708(b) and (c), a grantee under this competition may award subgrants--to directly carry out project activities described in its application--to the following types of entities: IHEs, nonprofit organizations suitable to carry out the activities proposed in the application, and public agencies. The grantee may award subgrants to entities it has identified in an approved application or that it selects through a competition under procedures established by the grantee, consistent with 34 CFR 75.708(b)(2). 4. Other General Requirements: (a) Recipients of funding under this competition must make positive efforts to employ and advance in employment qualified individuals with disabilities (see section 606 of IDEA). (b) Applicants for, and recipients of, funding must, with respect to the aspects of their proposed project relating to the absolute priority, involve individuals with disabilities, or parents of individuals with disabilities ages birth through 26, in planning, implementing, and evaluating the project (see section 682(a)(1)(A) of IDEA). IV. Application and Submission Information 1. Application Submission Instructions: Applicants are required to follow the Common Instructions for Applicants to Department of Education Discretionary Grant Programs, published in the Federal Register on December 7, 2022 (87 FR 75045), and available at www.federalregister.gov/d/2022-26554, which contain requirements and information on how to submit an application. 2. Intergovernmental Review: This competition is subject to Executive Order 12372 and the regulations in 34 CFR part 79. Information about Intergovernmental Review of Federal Programs under Executive Order 12372 is in the application package for this competition. However, under 34 CFR 79.8(a), we waive intergovernmental review in order to make an award by the end of FY 2024. 3. Funding Restrictions: We reference regulations outlining funding restrictions in the Applicable Regulations section of this notice. 4. Recommended Page Limit: The application narrative is where you, the applicant, address the selection criteria that reviewers use to evaluate your application. We recommend that you (1) limit the application narrative to no more than 70 pages and (2) use the following standards: A ``page'' is 8.5'' x 11'', on one side only, with 1'' margins at the top, bottom, and both sides. Double-space (no more than three lines per vertical inch) all text in the application narrative, including titles, headings, footnotes, quotations, reference citations, and captions, as well as all text in charts, tables, figures, graphs, and screen shots. Use a font that is 12 point or larger. Use one of the following fonts: Times New Roman, Courier, Courier New, or Arial. The recommended page limit does not apply to the cover sheet; the budget section, including the narrative budget justification; the assurances and certifications; or the abstract (follow the guidance provided in the application package for completing the abstract), the table of contents, the list of priority requirements, the resumes, the reference list, the letters of support, or the appendices. However, the recommended page limit does apply to all of the application narrative, including all text in charts, tables, figures, graphs, and screen shots. V. Application Review Information 1. Selection Criteria: The selection criteria for this competition are from 34 CFR 75.210 and are as follows: (a) Significance (10 points). (1) The Secretary considers the significance of the proposed project. (2) In determining the significance of the proposed project, the Secretary considers the following factors: (i) The extent to which specific gaps or weaknesses in services, infrastructure, or opportunities have been identified and will be addressed by the proposed project, including the nature and magnitude of those gaps or weaknesses. (ii) The importance or magnitude of the results or outcomes likely to be attained by the proposed project. (b) Quality of project services (35 points). (1) The Secretary considers the quality of the services to be provided by the proposed project. (2) In determining the quality of the services to be provided by the proposed project, the Secretary considers the quality and sufficiency of strategies for ensuring equal access and treatment for eligible project participants who are members of groups that have traditionally been underrepresented based on race, color, national origin, gender, age, or disability. (3) In addition, the Secretary considers the following factors: (i) The extent to which the goals, objectives, and outcomes to be achieved by the proposed project are clearly specified and measurable. (ii) The extent to which there is a conceptual framework underlying the proposed research or demonstration activities and the quality of that framework. (iii) The extent to which the services to be provided by the proposed project reflect up-to-date knowledge from research and effective practice. (iv) The extent to which the training or professional development services to be provided by the proposed project are of sufficient quality, intensity, and duration to lead to improvements in practice among the recipients of those services. (v) The extent to which the TA services to be provided by the proposed project involve the use of efficient strategies, including the use of technology, as appropriate, and the leveraging of non-project resources. (vi) The adequacy of mechanisms for ensuring high-quality products and services from the proposed project. (c) Quality of the project evaluation (15 points). [[Page 56354]] (1) The Secretary considers the quality of the evaluation to be conducted of the proposed project. (2) In determining the quality of the evaluation, the Secretary considers the following factors: (i) The extent to which the methods of evaluation are thorough, feasible, and appropriate to the goals, objectives, and outcomes of the proposed project. (ii) The extent to which the methods of evaluation provide for examining the effectiveness of project implementation strategies. (iii) The extent to which the methods of evaluation will provide performance feedback and permit periodic assessment of progress toward achieving intended outcomes. (iv) The extent to which the methods of evaluation include the use of objective performance measures that are clearly related to the intended outcomes of the project and will produce quantitative and qualitative data to the extent possible. (d) Adequacy of resources and quality of project personnel (20 points). (1) The Secretary considers the adequacy of resources for the proposed project and the quality of the personnel who will carry out the proposed project. (2) In determining the quality of project personnel, the Secretary considers the extent to which the applicant encourages applications for employment from persons who are members of groups that have traditionally been underrepresented based on race, color, national origin, gender, age, or disability. (3) In addition, the Secretary considers the following factors: (i) The qualifications, including relevant training and experience, of the project director or principal investigator. (ii) The qualifications, including relevant training and experience, of key project personnel. (iii) The qualifications, including relevant training and experience, of project consultants or subcontractors. (iv) The qualifications, including relevant training, experience, and independence, of the evaluator. (v) The adequacy of support, including facilities, equipment, supplies, and other resources, from the applicant organization or the lead applicant organization. (vi) The relevance and demonstrated commitment of each partner in the proposed project to the implementation and success of the project. (vii) The extent to which the budget is adequate to support the proposed project. (viii) The extent to which the costs are reasonable in relation to the objectives, design, and potential significance of the proposed project. (e) Quality of the management plan (20 points). (1) The Secretary considers the quality of the management plan for the proposed project. (2) In determining the quality of the management plan for the proposed project, the Secretary considers the following factors: (i) The adequacy of the management plan to achieve the objectives of the proposed project on time and within budget, including clearly defined responsibilities, timelines, and milestones for accomplishing project tasks. (ii) The extent to which the time commitments of the project director and principal investigator and other key project personnel are appropriate and adequate to meet the objectives of the proposed project. (iii) The adequacy of mechanisms for ensuring high-quality products and services from the proposed project. (iv) How the applicant will ensure that a diversity of perspectives are brought to bear in the operation of the proposed project, including those of parents, teachers, the business community, a variety of disciplinary and professional fields, recipients or beneficiaries of services, or others, as appropriate. 2. Review and Selection Process: We remind potential applicants that in reviewing applications in any discretionary grant competition, the Secretary may consider, under 34 CFR 75.217(d)(3), the past performance of the applicant in carrying out a previous award, such as the applicant's use of funds, achievement of project objectives, and compliance with grant conditions. The Secretary may also consider whether the applicant failed to submit a timely performance report or submitted a report of unacceptable quality. In addition, in making a competitive grant award, the Secretary requires various assurances, including those applicable to Federal civil rights laws that prohibit discrimination in programs or activities receiving Federal financial assistance from the Department (34 CFR 100.4, 104.5, 106.4, 108.8, and 110.23). 3. Additional Review and Selection Process Factors: In the past, the Department has had difficulty finding peer reviewers for certain competitions because so many individuals who are eligible to serve as peer reviewers have conflicts of interest. The standing panel requirements under section 682(b) of IDEA also have placed additional constraints on the availability of reviewers. Therefore, the Department has determined that for some discretionary grant competitions, applications may be separated into two or more groups and ranked and selected for funding within specific groups. This procedure will make it easier for the Department to find peer reviewers by ensuring that greater numbers of individuals who are eligible to serve as reviewers for any particular group of applicants will not have conflicts of interest. It also will increase the quality, independence, and fairness of the review process, while permitting panel members to review applications under discretionary grant competitions for which they also have submitted applications. 4. Risk Assessment and Specific Conditions: Consistent with 2 CFR 200.206, before awarding grants under this competition the Department conducts a review of the risks posed by applicants. Under 2 CFR 200.208, the Secretary may impose specific conditions, and under 2 CFR 3474.10, in appropriate circumstances, high-risk conditions on a grant if the applicant or grantee is not financially stable; has a history of unsatisfactory performance; has a financial or other management system that does not meet the standards in 2 CFR part 200, subpart D; has not fulfilled the conditions of a prior grant; or is otherwise not responsible. 5. Integrity and Performance System: If you are selected under this competition to receive an award that over the course of the project period may exceed the simplified acquisition threshold (currently $250,000), under 2 CFR 200.206(a)(2) we must make a judgment about your integrity, business ethics, and record of performance under Federal awards--that is, the risk posed by you as an applicant--before we make an award. In doing so, we must consider any information about you that is in the integrity and performance system (currently referred to as the Federal Awardee Performance and Integrity Information System (FAPIIS)), accessible through the System for Award Management. You may review and comment on any information about yourself that a Federal agency previously entered and that is currently in FAPIIS. Please note that, if the total value of your currently active grants, cooperative agreements, and procurement contracts from the Federal Government exceeds $10,000,000, the reporting requirements in 2 CFR part 200, appendix XII, require you to report certain integrity information to FAPIIS semiannually. Please review the requirements in 2 CFR part 200, appendix XII, if this grant plus [[Page 56355]] all the other Federal funds you receive exceed $10,000,000. 6. In General: In accordance with the OMB Guidance for Federal Financial Assistance located at 2 CFR part 200, all applicable Federal laws, and relevant Executive guidance, the Department will review and consider applications for funding pursuant to this notice inviting applications in accordance with-- (a) Selecting recipients most likely to be successful in delivering results based on the program objectives through an objective process of evaluating Federal award applications (2 CFR 200.205); (b) Prohibiting the purchase of certain telecommunication and video surveillance services or equipment in alignment with section 889 of the National Defense Authorization Act of 2019 (Pub. L. 115-232) (2 CFR 200.216); (c) Providing a preference, to the extent permitted by law, to maximize use of goods, products, and materials produced in the United States (2 CFR 200.322); and (d) Terminating agreements in whole or in part to the greatest extent authorized by law if an award no longer effectuates the program goals or agency priorities (2 CFR 200.340). VI. Award Administration Information 1. Award Notices: If your application is successful, we notify your U.S. Representative and U.S. Senators and send you a Grant Award Notification (GAN), or we may send you an email containing a link to access an electronic version of your GAN. We also may notify you informally. If your application is not evaluated or not selected for funding, we notify you. 2. Administrative and National Policy Requirements: We identify administrative and national policy requirements in the application package and reference these and other requirements in the Applicable Regulations section of this notice. We reference the regulations outlining the terms and conditions of an award in the Applicable Regulations section of this notice and include these and other specific conditions in the GAN. The GAN also incorporates your approved application as part of your binding commitments under the grant. 3. Open Licensing Requirements: Unless an exception applies, if you are awarded a grant under this competition, you will be required to openly license to the public grant deliverables created in whole, or in part, with Department grant funds. When the deliverable consists of modifications to pre-existing works, the license extends only to those modifications that can be separately identified and only to the extent that open licensing is permitted under the terms of any licenses or other legal restrictions on the use of pre-existing works. Additionally, a grantee that is awarded competitive grant funds must have a plan to disseminate these public grant deliverables. This dissemination plan can be developed and submitted after your application has been reviewed and selected for funding. For additional information on the open licensing requirements please refer to 2 CFR 3474.20. 4. Reporting: (a) If you apply for a grant under this competition, you must ensure that you have in place the necessary processes and systems to comply with the reporting requirements in 2 CFR part 170 should you receive funding under the competition. This does not apply if you have an exception under 2 CFR 170.110(b). (b) At the end of your project period, you must submit a final performance report, including financial information, as directed by the Secretary. If you receive a multiyear award, you must submit an annual performance report that provides the most current performance and financial expenditure information as directed by the Secretary under 34 CFR 75.118. The Secretary may also require more frequent performance reports under 34 CFR 75.720(c). For specific requirements on reporting, please go to www.ed.gov/fund/grant/apply/appforms/appforms.html. 5. Performance Measures: For the purpose of Department reporting under 34 CFR 75.110, the Department has established a set of performance measures that are designed to yield information on various aspects of the effectiveness and quality of the Technical Assistance on State Data Collection program. These measures are: Program Performance Measure #1: The percentage of TA and dissemination products and services deemed to be of high quality by an independent review panel of experts qualified or individuals with appropriate expertise to review the substantive content of the products and services. Program Performance Measure #2: The percentage of TA and dissemination products and services deemed by an independent review panel of qualified experts or members of the target audiences to be of high relevance to educational and early intervention policy or practice. Program Performance Measure #3: The percentage of TA and dissemination products and services deemed by an independent review panel of qualified experts or members of the target audiences to be useful in improving educational or early intervention policy or practice. Program Performance Measure #4: The cost efficiency of the Technical Assistance on State Data Collection Program includes the percentage of milestones achieved in the current annual performance report period and the percentage of funds spent during the current fiscal year. The measures apply to projects funded under this competition, and grantees are required to submit data on these measures as directed by OSEP. Grantees will be required to report information on their project's performance in annual and final performance reports to the Department (34 CFR 75.590). The Department will also closely monitor the extent to which the products and services provided by the Center meet the needs identified by stakeholders and may require the Center to report on such alignment in their annual and final performance reports. 6. Continuation Awards: In making a continuation award under 34 CFR 75.253, the Secretary considers, among other things, whether a grantee has made substantial progress in achieving the goals and objectives of the project; whether the grantee has expended funds in a manner that is consistent with its approved application and budget; and, if the Secretary has established performance measurement requirements, whether the grantee has made substantial progress in achieving the performance targets in the grantee's approved application. In making a continuation award, the Secretary also considers whether the grantee is operating in compliance with the assurances in its approved application, including those applicable to Federal civil rights laws that prohibit discrimination in programs or activities receiving Federal financial assistance from the Department (34 CFR 100.4, 104.5, 106.4, 108.8, and 110.23). VII. Other Information Accessible Format: On request to the program contact person listed under FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT, individuals with disabilities can obtain this document and a copy of the application package in an accessible format. The Department will provide the requestor with an accessible format that may include Rich Text Format (RTF) or text format (txt), a thumb drive, an MP3 file, braille, large print, audiotape, compact disc, or other accessible format. Electronic Access to This Document: The official version of this document is the document published in the Federal [[Page 56356]] Register. You may access the official edition of the Federal Register and the Code of Federal Regulations at www.govinfo.gov. At this site you can view this document, as well as all other Department documents published in the Federal Register, in text or Portable Document Format (PDF). To use PDF you must have Adobe Acrobat Reader, which is available free at the site. You may also access Department documents published in the Federal Register by using the article search feature at www.federalregister.gov. Specifically, through the advanced search feature at this site, you can limit your search to documents published by the Department. Glenna Wright-Gallo, Assistant Secretary for Special Education and Rehabilitative Services. [FR Doc. 2024-15053 Filed 7-5-24; 11:15 am] BILLING CODE 4000-01-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:00.064780

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15044

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56356-56367] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15044] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Applications for New Awards; State Personnel Development Grants AGENCY: Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services, Department of Education. ACTION: Notice. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The Department of Education (Department) is issuing a notice inviting applications for new awards for fiscal year (FY) 2024 for the State Personnel Development Grants (SPDG) program. DATES: Applications Available: July 9, 2024. Deadline for Transmittal of Applications: August 23, 2024. Pre-Application Webinar Information: No later than July 15, 2024, the Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services will post pre-recorded informational webinars designed to provide technical assistance (TA) to interested applicants. The webinars may be found at https://www2.ed.gov/fund/grant/apply/osep/new-osep-grants.html. Note: For new potential grantees unfamiliar with grantmaking at the Department, please consult our ``Getting Started with Discretionary Grant Applications'' web page at https://www2.ed.gov/fund/grant/about/discretionary/index.html. ADDRESSES: For the addresses for obtaining and submitting an application, please refer to our Common Instructions for Applicants to Department of Education Discretionary Grant Programs, published in the Federal Register on December 7, 2022 (87 FR 75045) and available at www.federalregister.gov/documents/2022/12/07/2022-26554/common-instructions-for-applicants-to-department-of-education-discretionary-grant-programs. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jennifer Coffey, U.S. Department of Education, 400 Maryland Avenue SW, Room 4A220, Washington, DC 20202. Telephone: (202) 987-0150. Email: [email protected]. If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability and wish to access telecommunications relay services, please dial 7-1-1. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Full Text of Announcement I. Funding Opportunity Description Purpose of Program: The purpose of the SPDG program is to assist State educational agencies (SEAs) in reforming and improving their systems for personnel preparation and professional development in early intervention, educational, and transition services to improve results for children with disabilities. Assistance Listing Number: 84.323A. OMB Control Number: 1820-0028. Background: ``Raise the Bar: Lead the World'' (RTB) is the Department's call to action to transform prekindergarten through postsecondary learning and unite around what truly works by promoting academic excellence, boldly improving learning conditions, and preparing our Nation's students for global competitiveness (www.ed.gov/raisethebar/). A well-prepared and supported and sustainable educator workforce available to educate and support all children and youth, including children and youth with disabilities, is essential to this call to action. This competition is designed to support the Department's RTB goals. Specifically, the priorities for this competition are designed to support projects that-- Mitigate the barriers to improved educational opportunities and outcomes and functional results for children with disabilities by increasing the number of well-qualified, fully certified special education teachers, including paraprofessionals; Increase collaborative and effective instruction and services for children with disabilities; Expand the ability of principals to serve as instructional leaders who create an equity-based, cooperative, and inclusive environment; and Provide pre-service and in-service personnel with the knowledge, attitudes, skills, and aspiration to engage effectively with families. The SPDG program, as a pre-service and in-service professional development program, is uniquely positioned to support the Department's RTB goals by helping to ensure that children with disabilities have access to well-qualified educators and by growing the number of teachers and administrators who can use data to develop and implement standards-based individualized education programs (IEPs) and provide effective instruction in inclusive environments. The priorities specified in this notice are designed to support pathways and professional development for personnel to improve outcomes for children with disabilities. For more on the Department's work to eliminate educator shortages, see www.ed.gov/raisethebar/educators. This competition also includes four competitive preference priorities. Applicants may address up to two. With respect to Competitive Preference Priority 1, we note that Competitive Preference Priority 1 encourages applications that provide pathways for becoming fully certified special education teachers that are affordable and provide for robust preservice classroom experience. By reducing the cost of earning a license and offering flexible scheduling, teacher residency, Grow Your Own (GYO), and registered teacher apprenticeships programs are designed to bring more people into the profession. These programs may open doors to the profession for those who may otherwise face barriers to entrance, including multilingual, racially, and ethnically diverse individuals, individuals who have disabilities, and paraprofessionals who may already have decades of classroom experience, but for numerous reasons, including cost, could not pursue a teaching degree or a high-quality pathway into the profession that includes significant clinical experience. Research shows that high-quality residency models can expand the pool of well-prepared applicants entering the teaching profession, increase the diversity of the workforce and bring a wide range of experiences into the classroom to support students. A 2014 implementation study published by the Institute of Education Sciences shows that residents are more likely than nonresidents to report feeling prepared to enter the classroom and that after program completion, more than 90 percent of residents stayed in their school district for three years (Silva et al., 2014). When aligned to high-quality, evidence-based practices for education preparation, such as those drafted by the Pathways Alliance (www.thepathwaysalliance.org/reports) [[Page 56357]] and approved by the Department of Labor, registered teacher apprenticeship programs have the potential to be an effective, high- quality ``earn and learn'' model that allow candidates to earn their teaching credential while earning a salary by combining coursework with structured, paid on-the-job learning experiences with a mentor teacher (Pathways Alliance, 2023). Registered teacher apprenticeship programs for K-12 teachers can be used to establish, scale, and build on existing high-quality pathways into teaching that emphasize classroom- based experience, such as teacher residencies and GYO. GYO is an approach to developing a pipeline of educator candidates to meet specific workforce needs that seeks to eliminate any barriers that may prevent local candidates from entering or remaining in the field. GYO programs are distinguished from other pipelines by whom they target, focusing on recruitment of high school students, career changers, paraprofessionals, non-teaching-school faculty, and community members (Espinoza et al., 2018). Offering financial aid (e.g., loan forgiveness, grants, and scholarships) to candidates completing GYO programs, targeting communication to specific populations, and establishing systems for candidates to receive continuous coaching and mentoring from entrance into the GYO program through early service can all aid in the success of these programs (Carver-Thomas, 2018; Professional Educator Standards Board, 2018; Texas Comprehensive Center, 2018). GYO programs can help address shortages in high-need areas and subjects, such as in rural schools and in special education (Jessen et al., 2020); it can also result in improved recruitment and retention of teachers of color (Gist et al., 2019). Priorities: This notice contains three absolute priorities and four competitive preference priorities. In accordance with 34 CFR 75.105(b)(1), Absolute Priority 1 is from the notice of final priorities and definitions (NFP) published in the Federal Register on August 2, 2012 (77 FR 45944) (2012 NFP); and Absolute Priority 3 and the four competitive preference priorities are from the NFP for this program published elsewhere in this issue of the Federal Register (2024 NFP). In accordance with 34 CFR 75.105(b)(2)(iv), Absolute Priority 2 is from sections 651 through 655 of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), as amended by the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA). Absolute Priorities: For FY 2024 and any subsequent year in which we make awards from the list of unfunded applications from this competition, these priorities are absolute priorities. Under 34 CFR 75.105(c)(3), we consider only applications that meet Absolute Priorities 1, 2, and 3 (i.e., an applicant must address all three absolute priorities in their application). These priorities are: Absolute Priority 1: Effective and Efficient Delivery of Professional Development. The Department establishes a priority to assist SEAs in reforming and improving their systems for personnel (as that term is defined in section 651(b) of IDEA) preparation and professional development of individuals providing early intervention, educational, and transition services in order to improve results for children with disabilities. In order to meet this priority an applicant must demonstrate in the SPDG State Plan it submits as part of its application under section 653(a)(2) of IDEA that its proposed project will-- (1) Use evidence-based (as defined in this notice) professional development practices that will increase implementation of evidence- based practices and result in improved outcomes for children with disabilities; (2) Provide ongoing assistance to personnel receiving SPDG- supported professional development that supports the implementation of evidence-based practices with fidelity (as defined in this notice); and (3) Use technology to more efficiently and effectively provide ongoing professional development to personnel, including to personnel in rural areas and to other populations, such as personnel in urban or high-need local educational agencies (LEAs) (as defined in this notice). Absolute Priority 2: State Personnel Development Grants. Statutory Requirements. To meet this priority, an applicant must meet the following statutory requirements: 1. State Personnel Development Plan. An applicant must submit a State Personnel Development Plan that identifies and addresses the State and local needs for the personnel preparation and professional development of personnel, as well as individuals who provide direct supplementary aids and services to children with disabilities, and that-- (a) Is designed to enable the State to meet the requirements of section 612(a)(14) of IDEA, as amended by the ESSA, and section 635(a)(8) and (9) of IDEA; (b) Is based on an assessment of State and local needs that identifies critical aspects and areas in need of improvement related to the preparation, ongoing training, and professional development of personnel who serve infants, toddlers, preschoolers, and children with disabilities within the State, including-- (1) Current and anticipated personnel vacancies and shortages; and (2) The number of preservice and in-service programs; (c) Is integrated and aligned, to the maximum extent possible, with State plans and activities under the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, as amended (ESEA); the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended; and the Higher Education Act of 1965, as amended (HEA); (d) Describes a partnership agreement that is in effect for the period of the grant, which agreement must specify-- (1) The nature and extent of the partnership described in section 652(b) of IDEA and the respective roles of each member of the partnership, including, if applicable, an individual, entity, or agency other than the SEA that has the responsibility under State law for teacher preparation and certification; and (2) How the SEA will work with other persons and organizations involved in, and concerned with, the education of children with disabilities, including the respective roles of each of the persons and organizations; (e) Describes how the strategies and activities the SEA uses to address identified professional development and personnel needs will be coordinated with activities supported with other public resources (including funds provided under Part B and Part C of IDEA and retained for use at the State level for personnel and professional development purposes) and private resources; (f) Describes how the SEA will align its personnel development plan with the plan and application submitted under sections 1111 and 2101(d), respectively, of the ESEA; (g) Describes strategies the SEA will use to address the identified professional development and personnel needs and how such strategies will be implemented, including-- (1) A description of the programs and activities that will provide personnel with the knowledge and skills to meet the needs of, and improve the performance and achievement of, infants, toddlers, preschoolers, and children with disabilities; and (2) How such strategies will be integrated, to the maximum extent possible, with other activities supported by grants funded under section 662 of IDEA, as amended by the ESSA; [[Page 56358]] (h) Provides an assurance that the SEA will provide TA to LEAs to improve the quality of professional development available to meet the needs of personnel who serve children with disabilities; (i) Provides an assurance that the SEA will provide TA to entities that provide services to infants and toddlers with disabilities to improve the quality of professional development available to meet the needs of personnel serving such children; (j) Describes how the SEA will recruit and retain teachers who meet the qualifications described in section 612(a)(14)(C) of IDEA, as amended by the ESSA, and other qualified personnel in geographic areas of greatest need; (k) Describes the steps the SEA will take to ensure that poor and minority children are not taught at higher rates by teachers who do not meet the qualifications described in section 612(a)(14)(C) of IDEA, as amended by the ESSA; and (l) Describes how the SEA will assess, on a regular basis, the extent to which the strategies implemented have been effective in meeting the performance goals described in section 612(a)(15) of IDEA, as amended by the ESSA. 2. Partnerships. (a) Required Partners. Applicants must establish a partnership with LEAs and other State agencies involved in, or concerned with, the education of children with disabilities, including-- (1) Not less than one institution of higher education (IHE); (2) The State agencies responsible for administering Part C of IDEA, early education, childcare, and vocational rehabilitation programs; and (3) In accordance with section 652(b)(3) of IDEA, if State law assigns responsibility for teacher preparation and certification to an individual, entity, or agency other than the SEA, such individual, entity, or agency. The SEA must ensure that any activities it carries out under this program that are within such partner's jurisdiction (which may include activities described in section 654(b) of IDEA) are carried out by that partner. (b) Other Partners. An SEA must work in partnership with other persons and organizations involved in, and concerned with, the education of children with disabilities, which may include-- (1) The Governor; (2) Parents of children with disabilities ages birth through 26; (3) Parents of nondisabled children ages birth through 26; (4) Individuals with disabilities; (5) Parent training and information centers or community parent resource centers funded under sections 671 and 672 of IDEA, respectively; (6) Community based and other nonprofit organizations involved in the education and employment of individuals with disabilities; (7) Personnel as defined in section 651(b) of IDEA; (8) The State advisory panel established under Part B of IDEA; (9) The State interagency coordinating council established under Part C of IDEA; (10) Individuals knowledgeable about vocational education; (11) The State agency for higher education; (12) Public agencies with jurisdiction in the areas of health, mental health, social services, and juvenile justice; (13) Other providers of professional development that work with infants, toddlers, preschoolers, and children with disabilities; and (14) Other individuals. 3. Use of Funds. (a) Professional Development Activities--Each SEA that receives a grant under this program must use the grant funds to support activities in accordance with the State's Personnel Development Plan, including one or more of the following: (1) Carrying out programs that provide support to both special education and regular education teachers of children with disabilities and principals, such as programs that-- (i) Provide teacher mentoring, team teaching, reduced class schedules and caseloads, and intensive professional development; (ii) Use standards or assessments for guiding beginning teachers that are consistent with challenging State academic achievement standards and with the requirements for professional development, as defined in section 8101 of the ESEA; and (iii) Encourage collaborative and consultative models of providing early intervention, special education, and related services. (2) Encouraging and supporting the training of special education and regular education teachers and administrators to effectively use and integrate technology-- (i) Into curricula and instruction, including training to improve the ability to collect, manage, and analyze data to improve teaching, decision making, school improvement efforts, and accountability; (ii) To enhance learning by children with disabilities; and (iii) To effectively communicate with parents. (3) Providing professional development activities that-- (i) Improve the knowledge of special education and regular education teachers concerning-- (A) The academic and developmental or functional needs of students with disabilities; or (B) Effective instructional strategies, methods, and skills, and the use of State academic content standards and student academic achievement and functional standards, and State assessments, to improve teaching practices and student academic achievement; (ii) Improve the knowledge of special education and regular education teachers and principals and, in appropriate cases, paraprofessionals, concerning effective instructional practices, and that-- (A) Provide training in how to teach and address the needs of children with different learning styles and children who are limited English proficient; (B) Involve collaborative groups of teachers, administrators, and, in appropriate cases, related services personnel; (C) Provide training in methods of-- (1) Positive behavioral interventions and supports to improve student behavior in the classroom; (2) Scientifically based reading instruction, including early literacy instruction; (3) Early and appropriate interventions to identify and help children with disabilities; (4) Effective instruction for children with low-incidence disabilities; (5) Successful transitioning to postsecondary opportunities; and (6) Using classroom-based techniques to assist children prior to referral for special education; (D) Provide training to enable personnel to work with and involve parents in their child's education, including parents of low income and limited English proficient children with disabilities; (E) Provide training for special education personnel and regular education personnel in planning, developing, and implementing effective and appropriate individualized education programs (IEPs); and (F) Provide training to meet the needs of students with significant health, mobility, or behavioral needs prior to serving those students; (iii) Train administrators, principals, and other relevant school personnel in conducting effective IEP meetings; and (iv) Train early intervention, preschool, and related services providers, and other relevant school personnel in conducting effective [[Page 56359]] individualized family service plan (IFSP) meetings. (4) Developing and implementing initiatives to promote the recruitment and retention of special education teachers who meet the qualifications described in section 612(a)(14)(C) of IDEA, as amended by the ESSA, particularly initiatives that have proven effective in recruiting and retaining teachers, including programs that provide-- (i) Teacher mentoring from exemplary special education teachers, principals, or superintendents; (ii) Induction and support for special education teachers during their first three years of employment as teachers; or (iii) Incentives, including financial incentives, to retain special education teachers who have a record of success in helping students with disabilities. (5) Carrying out programs and activities that are designed to improve the quality of personnel who serve children with disabilities, such as-- (i) Innovative professional development programs (which may be provided through partnerships that include IHEs), including programs that train teachers and principals to integrate technology into curricula and instruction to improve teaching, learning, and technology literacy, which must be consistent with the definition of professional development in section 8101 of the ESEA; and (ii) The development and use of proven, cost effective strategies for the implementation of professional development activities, such as through the use of technology and distance learning. (6) Carrying out programs and activities that are designed to improve the quality of early intervention personnel, including paraprofessionals and primary referral sources, such as-- (i) Professional development programs to improve the delivery of early intervention services; (ii) Initiatives to promote the recruitment and retention of early intervention personnel; and (iii) Interagency activities to ensure that early intervention personnel are adequately prepared and trained. (b) Other Activities--Each SEA that receives a grant under this program must use the grant funds to support activities in accordance with the State's Personnel Development Plan, including one or more of the following: (1) Reforming special education and regular education teacher certification (including recertification) or licensing requirements to ensure that-- (i) Special education and regular education teachers have-- (A) The training and information necessary to address the full range of needs of children with disabilities across disability categories; and (B) The necessary subject matter knowledge and teaching skills in the academic subjects that the teachers teach; (ii) Special education and regular education teacher certification (including recertification) or licensing requirements are aligned with challenging State academic content standards; and (iii) Special education and regular education teachers have the subject matter knowledge and teaching skills, including technology literacy, necessary to help students with disabilities meet challenging State student academic achievement and functional standards. (2) Programs that establish, expand, or improve alternative routes for State certification of special education teachers for individuals with a baccalaureate or master's degree who meet the qualifications described in section 612(a)(14)(C) of IDEA, as amended by the ESSA, including mid-career professionals from other occupations, paraprofessionals, and recent college or university graduates with records of academic distinction who demonstrate the potential to become highly effective special education teachers. (3) Teacher advancement initiatives for special education teachers that promote professional growth and emphasize multiple career paths (such as paths to becoming a career teacher, mentor teacher, or exemplary teacher) and pay differentiation. (4) Developing and implementing mechanisms to assist LEAs and schools in effectively recruiting and retaining special education teachers who meet the qualifications described in section 612(a)(14)(C) of IDEA, as amended by the ESSA. (5) Reforming tenure systems, implementing teacher testing for subject matter knowledge, and implementing teacher testing for State certification or licensure, consistent with title II of the HEA (20 U.S.C. 1021 et seq.). (6) Funding projects to promote reciprocity of teacher certification or licensing between or among States for special education teachers, except that no reciprocity agreement developed under this absolute priority or developed using funds awarded under the SPDG competition may lead to the weakening of any State teacher certification or licensing requirement. (7) Assisting LEAs to serve children with disabilities through the development and use of proven, innovative strategies to deliver intensive professional development programs that are both cost effective and easily accessible, such as strategies that involve delivery through the use of technology, peer networks, and distance learning. (8) Developing, or assisting LEAs in developing, merit-based performance systems and strategies that provide differential and bonus pay for special education teachers. (9) Supporting activities that ensure that teachers are able to use challenging State academic content standards and student academic achievement and functional standards, and State assessments for all children with disabilities, to improve instructional practices and improve the academic achievement of children with disabilities. (10) When applicable, coordinating with, and expanding centers established under section 2113(c)(18) of the ESEA, as amended by the No Child Left Behind Act of 2002, to benefit special education teachers. (c) Contracts and Subgrants--An SEA that receives a grant under this program-- (1) Must award contracts or subgrants to LEAs, IHEs, parent training and information centers, or community parent resource centers, as appropriate, to carry out the State Personnel Development Plan; and (2) May award contracts and subgrants to other public and private entities, including the State lead agency (LA) (as defined in this notice) under Part C of IDEA, to carry out the State Personnel Development Plan. (d) Use of Funds for Professional Development--An SEA that receives a grant under this program must use-- (1) Not less than 90 percent of the funds the SEA receives under the grant for any fiscal year for the Professional Development Activities described in paragraph (a); and (2) Not more than 10 percent of the funds the SEA receives under the grant for any fiscal year for the Other Activities described in paragraph (b). Absolute Priority 3: Improving Engagement between Schools and Families. Projects designed to develop the capacity of administrators and educators to develop systems and use strategies that build trust and engagement with families, while further strengthening the role families play in their child's development and learning. Projects must-- [[Page 56360]] (a) Provide training and coaching to assist administrators to-- (1) Develop and implement policies and programs that recognize families' funds of knowledge, connect family engagement to student learning, and create welcoming, inviting cultures; and (2) Create systems that support staff and families in meaningful engagement (i.e., Leading by Convening and the Dual-Capacity Framework. For more information visit www.dualcapcity.org and www.ncsi.wested.org/resources/leading-by-convening); (b) Provide training and coaching to assist educators and early intervention providers to-- (1) Build their knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, aspirations, and behaviors about effective strategies to engage families in their child's learning; (2) Work with families to make collaborative, data-based decisions in the development and implementation of the child's IEP; and (3) Provide information and resources to families that enable them to support their children's learning and behavior at home; and (c) Provide training and coaching to families so they can-- (1) Meaningfully participate in the development and implementation of their child's IEP; (2) Participate in data-based decision making related to their child's education; and (3) Further their child's learning at home. In their applications, States must describe how their projects will meet these program requirements. In addition to these requirements, to be considered for funding under this priority, applicants must meet the application and administrative requirements under Common Requirements. Competitive Preference Priorities: For FY 2024 and any subsequent year in which we make awards from the list of unfunded applications from this competition, these four priorities are competitive preference priorities. Under 34 CFR 75.105(c)(2)(i), we award additional points to an application that meets up to two of these competitive preference priorities. An applicant is not required to address any of the competitive preference priorities. If an applicant addresses the competitive preference priorities, the applicant must indicate which one or two competitive preference priorities they are responding to in the application. We award up to an additional 5 points to an application, depending on how well the application meets Competitive Preference Priority 1. For Competitive Preference Priorities 2, 3, and 4, we award up to an additional 2 points to an application, depending on how well the application meets the competitive preference priority. Competitive Preference Priority 1: Providing Career Pathways for Those Interested in Becoming Fully Certified Special Education Teachers, Including Paraprofessionals, Through Residency, Grow Your Own (GYO), and Registered Apprenticeships Programs (up to 5 points). Projects designed to increase the number of fully certified special education teachers by establishing a new, or enhancing an existing, teacher residency, GYO, or registered teacher apprenticeship program that minimizes or eliminates the cost of certification for special education teacher candidates and provides opportunities for candidates to be paid, including being provided with a stipend (which, for programs that include paid experience for the duration of the certification program, can be met through paragraph (i), below), to cover the time spent gaining classroom experience during their certification program. A project implementing a new or enhanced teacher residency, GYO, or registered teacher apprenticeship program must-- (a) Use data-driven strategies and evidence-based approaches to increase recruitment, successful completion, and retention of the special education teachers supported by the project; (b) Provide standards for participants to enter into and complete the program; (c) Be aligned to evidence-based practices for effective educator preparation; (d) Have little to no financial burden for program participants, or provide for loan forgiveness, grants, or scholarship programs; (e) Provide opportunities for candidates to be paid, including being provided with a stipend, to cover time spent in clinical experience during their certification program; (f) Develop a plan to monitor program quality; (g) Require completion of a bachelor's degree either before entering or as a result of the teacher residency, GYO, or teacher apprenticeship program; (h) Result in the satisfaction of all requirements for full State teacher licensure or certification, excluding emergency, temporary, provisional, or other sub-standard licensure or certification; (i) Provide increasing levels of responsibility for the resident/ GYO participant/apprentice during at least one year of paid on-the-job learning/clinical experience, during which a mentor teacher is the teacher of record; and (j) Develop a plan to ensure the program has funding after the end of the project period. In their applications, States must describe how their projects will meet these program requirements. In addition to these requirements, to be considered for funding under this priority, applicants must address the application and administrative requirements under Common Requirements. Competitive Preference Priority 2: Supporting Emergency Certified Special Education Teachers to Become Fully Certified (up to 2 points). Projects designed to increase the number of fully certified special education teachers by implementing plans that address the emergency certification needs of personnel who work with children with disabilities. The plans must-- (a) Identify the barriers and challenges to full certification that are experienced by special education personnel on emergency certifications; (b) Include evidence-based strategies to address those barriers and challenges and assist special education personnel on emergency certifications to obtain full certification, consistent with State- approved or State-recognized requirements, within three years; (c) Include training and coaching on, at a minimum-- (1) The skills needed to collaboratively develop, implement, and monitor standards-based IEPs; (2) High-leverage and evidence-based instructional and classroom management practices; and (3) The provision of wrap-around services (e.g., social, emotional, and mental health supports), special education services, and other supports for children with disabilities; and (d) Provide participating special education personnel on emergency certifications with opportunities to apply the evidence-based skills and practices described in paragraph (c) in the classroom. In their applications, States must describe how their projects will meet these program requirements. In addition to these requirements, to be considered for funding under this priority, applicants must meet the application and administrative requirements under Common Requirements. Competitive Preference Priority 3: Person-Centered IEPs that Support Instructional Progress (up to 2 points). Projects designed to provide pre-service and in-service training to school and district personnel, including IEP team members (e.g., special education [[Page 56361]] and general education teachers, related service personnel who work with children with disabilities) and administrators, to improve their skills in developing and implementing person-centered IEPs that support instructional progress and improve functional outcomes \1\ for children with disabilities. Projects must-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ An IEP that supports instructional progress is an IEP that focuses on the academic, vocational, developmental, and social needs of the child and allows the child to benefit from instruction. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (a) Provide training and coaching to administrators and IEP team members to increase their ability to develop, implement, and monitor person-centered IEPs that support instructional progress so that they can-- (1) Use appropriate data to determine the child's instructional and functional strengths and needs; (2) Increase the child's learning time and opportunities with general education peers, as appropriate, based on research; (3) Choose and use evidence-based practices for core instruction; and (4) Supplement core instruction with special education services. In their applications, States must describe how their projects will meet these program requirements. In addition to these requirements, to be considered for funding under this priority, applicants must meet the application and administrative requirements under Common Requirements. Competitive Preference Priority 4: Principals as Instructional Leaders Who Support Collaborative Service Provision (up to 2 points). Projects designed to provide professional development to improve the instructional leadership provided by principals and other school leaders, district leaders, and teacher leaders to promote educational equity for children with disabilities. Projects must provide training and coaching to assist administrators to-- (a) Create and support equitable school schedules and other operations that enable collaborative services from general and special education staff; (b) Support schoolwide inclusionary practices within a multi-tiered systems of support (MTSS) framework; (c) Support evidence-based professional development for their staff related to-- (1) Effective content instruction; (2) Data for decision-making and continuous progress monitoring; (3) IEP development and implementation; and (4) Wrap-around services; (d) Actively engage families and school communities to identify and address concerns regarding, and barriers to, accessibility, equity, and inclusiveness, using frameworks such as universal design; and (e) Provide administrators structured learning opportunities, such as through a cohort model, mentoring, one-on-one coaching, networking to build a professional community, and applied learning opportunities, such as problem-solving related to the needs of individual children. In their applications, States must describe how their projects will meet these program requirements. In addition to these requirements, to be considered for funding under this priority, applicants must meet the application and administrative requirements under Common Requirements. Common Requirements: In addition to the requirements contained in these priorities, to be considered for funding, applicants must meet the following application and administrative requirements: (a) Demonstrate, in the narrative section of the application under ``Significance,'' how the proposed project will-- (1) Align with and integrate other State initiatives and programs, as well as district and local improvement plans, to leverage existing professional development and data systems; (2) Develop and implement plans to sustain the grant program after the grant funding has ended; and (3) Integrate family engagement into all project efforts by supporting capacity building for personnel and families. (b) Demonstrate, in the narrative section of the application under ``Quality of Project Services,'' how the proposed project will-- (1) Ensure equal access and treatment for members of groups that have traditionally been underrepresented based on race, color, national origin, gender, age, or disability. To meet this requirement, the applicant must describe how it will-- (i) Develop the knowledge and ability of personnel to be culturally responsive and engage children and families with a strengths-based approach; (ii) Engage students, families, and community members to assess the appropriateness and impact of the intervention, program, or strategies; and (iii) Review program procedures and resources to ensure a diversity of perspectives are brought into the project; and (2) Achieve the project's goals and objectives. To meet this requirement, the applicant must provide-- (i) Either a logic model or theory of action (to be provided in appendix A), which demonstrates how the proposed project will achieve intended measurable outcomes; (ii) A description of proposed in-State and national partners that the project will work with to achieve the goals and objectives of the grant and how the impact of these partnerships will be measured; and (iii) A description of how the project will be based on current research and make use of evidence-based practices. To meet this requirement, the applicant must describe-- (A) The current research base for the chosen interventions; (B) The evidence-based model or practices to be used in the project's professional development activities; and (C) How implementation science will be used to support full and sustained use of evidence-based practices and result in sustained systems of implementation support. (c) In the narrative section of the application under ``Quality of the project evaluation,'' include an evaluation plan for the project developed in consultation with and implemented by a third-party \2\ evaluator. The evaluation plan must-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \2\ A ``third-party'' evaluator is an independent and impartial program evaluator who is contracted by the grantee to conduct an objective evaluation of the project. This evaluator must not have participated in the development or implementation of any project activities, except for the evaluation activities, nor have any financial interest in the outcome of the evaluation. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- (1) Articulate formative and summative evaluation questions, including important process and outcome evaluation questions. These questions should be related to the project's proposed logic model or theory of action required under paragraph (b)(2)(i) of these requirements; (2) Describe how progress in and fidelity of implementation, as well as project outcomes, will be measured to answer the evaluation questions. Specify the measures and associated instruments or sources for data appropriate to the evaluation questions. Include information regarding reliability and validity of measures where appropriate; (3) Describe strategies for analyzing data and how data collected as part of this plan will be used to inform and improve service delivery over the course of the project and to refine the proposed logic model or theory of action and evaluation plan, including subsequent data collection; (4) Provide a timeline for conducting the evaluation and include staff assignments for completing the plan. The timeline must indicate that the data [[Page 56362]] will be available annually for the annual performance report to the Department; and (5) Dedicate sufficient funds in each budget year to cover the costs of developing or refining the evaluation plan in consultation with a third-party evaluator, as well as the costs associated with the implementation of the evaluation plan by the third-party evaluator. (d) Demonstrate, in the narrative section of the application under ``Adequacy of resources,'' how-- (1) The proposed project will encourage applications for employment from persons who are members of groups that have traditionally been underrepresented based on race, color, national origin, gender, age, or disability, as appropriate; (2) The proposed key project personnel, consultants, and subcontractors have the qualifications and experience to carry out the proposed activities and achieve the project's intended outcomes; (3) The applicant and any key partners have adequate resources to carry out the proposed activities; and (4) The proposed costs are reasonable in relation to the anticipated results and benefits and funds will be spent in a way that increases their efficiency and cost-effectiveness, including by reducing waste or achieving better outcomes. (e) Demonstrate, in the narrative section of the application under ``Quality of the management plan,'' how the proposed management plan will ensure that the project's intended outcomes will be achieved on time and within budget. To address this requirement, the applicant must describe-- (1) Clearly defined responsibilities for key project personnel, consultants, and subcontractors, as applicable; (2) Timelines and milestones for accomplishing the project tasks; (3) How key project personnel and any consultants and subcontractors will be allocated to the project and how these allocations are appropriate and adequate to achieve the project's intended outcomes; and (4) How the proposed project will benefit from a diversity of perspectives, including those of families, educators, TA providers, researchers, and policy makers, among others, in its development and operation. (f) Address the following application requirements. The applicant must-- (1) Include, in appendix A, personnel-loading charts and timelines, as applicable, to illustrate the management plan described in the narrative; (2) Provide an assurance that any project website will include relevant information and documents in a form that meets a government or industry-recognized standard for accessibility; (3) Include, in the budget, attendance at the following: (i) An annual one and one-half day SPDG National Meeting in the Washington, DC area during each year of the project period; and (ii) A three-day project directors' conference in Washington, DC, during each year of the project period, provided that, if the conference is conducted virtually, the project must reallocate unused travel funds no later than the end of the third quarter of each budget period; and (4) Budget $6,000 annually for support of the SPDG program network and website currently administered by the University of Oregon (www.signetwork.org). Under 34 CFR 75.253, the Secretary may reduce continuation awards or discontinue awards in any year of the project period for excessive carryover balances, a failure to make substantial progress, or has not maintained financial and administrative management systems that meet requirements in 2 CFR 200.302, Financial management, and Sec. 200.303, Internal controls. The Department intends to closely monitor unobligated balances and substantial progress under this program and may reduce or discontinue funding accordingly. References: Carver-Thomas, D. (2018). Diversifying the teaching profession: How to recruit and retain teachers of color. Learning Policy Institute. https://learningpolicyinstitute.org/sites/default/files/product-files/Diversifying_Teaching_Profession_REPORT_0.pdf. Espinoza, D., Saunders, R., Kini, T., & Darling-Hammond, L. (2018). Taking the long view: State efforts to solve teacher shortages by strengthening the profession. Learning Policy Institute. https://learningpolicyinstitute.org/product/long-view-report. Gist, C.D., Bianco, M., & Lynn, M. (2019). Examining grow your own programs across the teacher development continuum: Mining research on teachers of color and nontraditional educator pipelines. Journal of Teacher Education, 70(1), 13-25. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487118787504. Jessen, S., Fairman, J., Fallona, C., & Johnson, A. (2020). Consider ``Grow-Your-Own'' (GYO) models by examining existing teacher preparation programs in Maine. Maine Education Policy Research Institute. 121. https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mepri/121. Pathways Alliance. (2023). National guidelines for apprenticeship standards for K-12 teacher apprenticeships. www.thepathwaysalliance.org/reports. Professional Educator Standards Board. (2016). Grow your own teachers report: Enhancing educator pathways to address teacher shortage and increase diversity. www.pesb.wa.gov/resources-and-reports/reports/grow-your-own-teachers-report/. Silva, T., McKie, A., Knechtel, V., Gleason, P., & Makowsky, L. (2014). Teaching residency programs: A multisite look at a new model to prepare teachers for high-need schools (NCEE 2015-4002). National Center for Education Evaluation and Regional Assistance, Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education. Texas Comprehensive Center. (2018). Grow your own teachers initiatives resources. American Institutes for Research. https://compcenternetwork.org/resources/resource/4290/grow-your-own-teachers-initiatives-resources. Definitions: For FY 2024 and any subsequent year in which we make awards from the list of unfunded applications from this competition, the following definitions apply to this competition. We provide the source of the definitions in parentheses. Demonstrates a rationale means a key project component included in the project's logic model is informed by research or evaluation findings that suggest the project component is likely to improve relevant outcomes. (34 CFR 77.1) Evidence-based means, for purposes of Absolute Priority 1, practices for which there is strong evidence or moderate evidence of effectiveness (2012 NFP); and for purposes of the competitive preference priorities, the proposed project component is supported by one or more of strong evidence, moderate evidence, promising evidence, or evidence that demonstrates a rationale (34 CFR 77.1). Experimental study means a study that is designed to compare outcomes between two groups of individuals (such as students) that are otherwise equivalent except for their assignment to either a treatment group receiving a project component or a control group that does not. Randomized controlled trials, regression discontinuity design studies, and single-case design studies are the specific types of experimental studies that, depending on their design and implementation (e.g., sample attrition in randomized controlled trials and regression discontinuity design studies), can meet What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) standards without reservations as described in the WWC Handbooks: (i) A randomized controlled trial employs random assignment of, for example, students, teachers, classrooms, or schools to receive the project [[Page 56363]] component being evaluated (the treatment group) or not to receive the project component (the control group). (ii) A regression discontinuity design study assigns the project component being evaluated using a measured variable (e.g., assigning students reading below a cutoff score to tutoring or developmental education classes) and controls for that variable in the analysis of outcomes. (iii) A single-case design study uses observations of a single case (e.g., a student eligible for a behavioral intervention) over time in the absence and presence of a controlled treatment manipulation to determine whether the outcome is systematically related to the treatment. (34 CFR 77.1) Fidelity means the delivery of instruction in the way in which it was designed to be delivered. (2012 NFP) High-need LEA means, in accordance with section 2102(3) of the ESEA, an LEA-- (a) That serves not fewer than 10,000 children from families with incomes below the poverty line (as that term is defined in section 8101(41) of the ESEA), or for which not less than 20 percent of the children served by the LEA are from families with incomes below the poverty line; and (b) For which there is (1) a high percentage of teachers not teaching in the academic subjects or grade levels that the teachers were trained to teach, or (2) a high percentage of teachers with emergency, provisional, or temporary certification or licensing. (2012 NFP) Lead agency means the agency designated by the State's Governor under section 635(a)(10) of IDEA and 34 CFR 303.120 that receives funds under section 643 of IDEA to administer the State's responsibilities under part C of IDEA. (34 CFR 303.22) Local educational agency (LEA) means a public board of education or other public authority legally constituted within a State for either administrative control or direction of, or to perform a service function for, public elementary schools or secondary schools in a city, county, township, school district, or other political subdivision of a State, or for such combination of school districts or counties as are recognized in a State as an administrative agency for its public elementary schools or secondary schools. (Section 602(19) of IDEA (20 U.S.C. 1401(19))) Logic model (also referred to as a theory of action) means a framework that identifies key project components of the proposed project (i.e., the active ``ingredients'' that are hypothesized to be critical to achieving the relevant outcomes) and describes the theoretical and operational relationships among the key project components and relevant outcomes. (34 CFR 77.1) Moderate evidence means that there is evidence of effectiveness of a key project component in improving a relevant outcome for a sample that overlaps with the populations or settings proposed to receive that component, based on a relevant finding from one of the following: (i) A practice guide prepared by the WWC using version 2.1, 3.0, 4.0, or 4.1 of the WWC Handbooks reporting a ``strong evidence base'' or ``moderate evidence base'' for the corresponding practice guide recommendation; (ii) An intervention report prepared by the WWC using version 2.1, 3.0, 4.0, or 4.1 of the WWC Handbooks reporting a ``positive effect'' or ``potentially positive effect'' on a relevant outcome based on a ``medium to large'' extent of evidence, with no reporting of a ``negative effect'' or ``potentially negative effect'' on a relevant outcome; or (iii) A single experimental study or quasi-experimental design study reviewed and reported by the WWC using version 2.1, 3.0, 4.0, or 4.1 of the WWC Handbooks, or otherwise assessed by the Department using version 4.1 of the WWC Handbooks, as appropriate, and that-- (A) Meets WWC standards with or without reservations; (B) Includes at least one statistically significant and positive (i.e., favorable) effect on a relevant outcome; (C) Includes no overriding statistically significant and negative effects on relevant outcomes reported in the study or in a corresponding WWC intervention report prepared under version 2.1, 3.0, 4.0, or 4.1 of the WWC Handbooks; and (D) Is based on a sample from more than one site (e.g., State, county, city, school district, or postsecondary campus) and includes at least 350 students or other individuals across sites. Multiple studies of the same project component that each meet requirements in paragraphs (iii)(A), (B), and (C) of this definition may together satisfy the requirement in this paragraph (iii)(D). (34 CFR 77.1) Project component means an activity, strategy, intervention, process, product, practice, or policy included in a project. Evidence may pertain to an individual project component or to a combination of project components (e.g., training teachers on instructional practices for English learners and follow-on coaching for these teachers). (34 CFR 77.1) Promising evidence means that there is evidence of the effectiveness of a key project component in improving a relevant outcome, based on a relevant finding from one of the following-- (i) A practice guide prepared by WWC reporting a ``strong evidence base'' or ``moderate evidence base'' for the corresponding practice guide recommendation; (ii) An intervention report prepared by the WWC reporting a ``positive effect'' or ``potentially positive effect'' on a relevant outcome with no reporting of a ``negative effect'' or ``potentially negative effect'' on a relevant outcome; or (iii) A single study assessed by the Department, as appropriate, that-- (A) Is an experimental study, a quasi-experimental design study, or a well-designed and well-implemented correlational study with statistical controls for selection bias (e.g., a study using regression methods to account for differences between a treatment group and a comparison group); and (B) Includes at least one statistically significant and positive (i.e., favorable) effect on a relevant outcome. (34 CFR 77.1) Quasi-experimental design study means a study using a design that attempts to approximate an experimental study by identifying a comparison group that is similar to the treatment group in important respects. This type of study, depending on design and implementation (e.g., establishment of baseline equivalence of the groups being compared), can meet WWC standards with reservations, but cannot meet WWC standards without reservations, as described in the WWC Handbooks. (34 CFR 77.1) Relevant outcome means the student outcome(s) or other outcome(s) the key project component is designed to improve, consistent with the specific goals of the program. (34 CFR 77.1) State educational agency means the State board of education or other agency or officer primarily responsible for the State supervision of public elementary schools and secondary schools, or, if there is no such officer or agency, an officer or agency designated by the Governor or by State law. (Section 602(32) of IDEA (20 U.S.C. 1401(32))) Strong evidence means that there is evidence of the effectiveness of a key project component in improving a relevant outcome for a sample that overlaps with the populations and settings proposed to receive that component, based on a relevant finding from one of the following-- (i) A practice guide prepared by the WWC using version 2.1, 3.0, 4.0, or 4.1 [[Page 56364]] of the WWC Handbook reporting a ``strong evidence base'' for the corresponding practice guide recommendation; (ii) An intervention report prepared by the WWC using version 2.1, 3.0, 4.0, or 4.1 of the WWC Handbook reporting a ``positive effect'' on a relevant outcome based on a ``medium to large'' extent of evidence, with no reporting of a ``negative effect'' or ``potentially negative effect'' on a relevant outcome; or (iii) A single experimental study reviewed and reported by the WWC using version 2.1, 3.0, 4.0, or 4.1 of the WWC Handbook, or otherwise assessed by the Department using version 4.1 of the WWC Handbook, as appropriate, and that-- (A) Meets WWC standards without reservations; (B) Includes at least one statistically significant and positive (i.e., favorable) effect on a relevant outcome; (C) Includes no overriding statistically significant and negative effects on relevant outcomes reported in the study or in a corresponding WWC intervention report prepared under version 2.1, 3.0, 4.0, or 4.1 of the WWC Handbook; and (D) Is based on a sample from more than one site (e.g., State, county, city, school district, or postsecondary campus) and includes at least 350 students or other individuals across sites. Multiple studies of the same project component that each meet requirements in paragraphs (iii)(A), (B), and (C) of this definition may together satisfy this requirement. (34 CFR 77.1) What Works Clearinghouse (WWC) Handbooks (WWC Handbooks) means the standards and procedures set forth in the WWC Standards Handbook, Versions 4.0 or 4.1, and WWC Procedures Handbook, Versions 4.0 or 4.1, or in the WWC Procedures and Standards Handbook, Version 3.0 or Version 2.1 (all incorporated by reference, see Sec. 77.2). Study findings eligible for review under WWC standards can meet WWC standards without reservations, meet WWC standards with reservations, or not meet WWC standards. WWC practice guides and intervention reports include findings from systematic reviews of evidence as described in the WWC Handbooks documentation. (34 CFR 77.1) Note: The What Works Clearinghouse Procedures and Standards Handbook (Version 4.1), as well as the more recent What Works Clearinghouse Handbooks released in August 2022 (Version 5.0), are available at https://ies.ed.gov/ncee/wwc/Handbooks. Program Authority: 20 U.S.C. 1451-1455. Note: Projects will be awarded and must be operated in a manner consistent with the nondiscrimination requirements contained in Federal civil rights laws. Applicable Regulations: (a) The Education Department General Administrative Regulations in 34 CFR parts 75, 77, 79, 81, 82, 84, 86, 97, 98, and 99. (b) The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Guidelines to Agencies on Governmentwide Debarment and Suspension (Nonprocurement) in 2 CFR part 180, as adopted and amended as regulations of the Department in 2 CFR part 3485. (c) The Guidance for Federal Financial Assistance in 2 CFR part 200, as adopted and amended as regulations of the Department in 2 CFR part 3474. (d) The 2012 NFP. (e) The 2024 NFP. Note: The U.S. Department of Education will implement the provisions included in the OMB final rule, OMB Guidance for Federal Financial Assistance, which amends 2 CFR parts 25, 170, 175, 176, 180, 182, 183, 184, and 200, on October 1, 2024. Grant applicants that anticipate a performance period start date on or after October 1, 2024, should follow the provisions stated in the OMB Guidance for Federal Financial Assistance (89 FR 30046, April 22, 2024) when preparing an application. For more information about these updated regulations please visit: https://www.cfo.gov/resources/uniform-guidance/. Note: The regulations in 34 CFR part 79 apply to all applicants except federally recognized Indian Tribes. Note: The regulations in 34 CFR part 86 apply to IHEs only. II. Award Information Type of Award: Discretionary grants. Estimated Available Funds: $3,571,054. Contingent upon the availability of funds and the quality of applications, we may make additional awards in FY 2025 from the list of unfunded applications from this competition. Estimated Range of Awards: $500,000-$2,100,000 (for the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico). States may not receive less than $500,000 in each year of the grant and must submit a budget in their application for not less than $500,000 in each year of the grant. In the case of outlying areas (United States Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands), awards will be not less than $80,000. Note: We will set the amount of each award after considering-- (1) The amount of funds available for making the grants; (2) The relative population of the State or outlying area; (3) The types of activities proposed by the State or outlying area; (4) The alignment of proposed activities with section 612(a)(14) of IDEA, as amended by the ESSA; (5) The alignment of proposed activities with State plans and applications submitted under sections 1111 and 2101(d), respectively, of the ESEA; and (6) The use, as appropriate, of scientifically based research and activities. Using the same considerations, the Secretary funded these selected applications for FY 2023 at the following levels: ------------------------------------------------------------------------ FY 2023 State funding amount ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Alabama.................................................... $1,139,436 Connecticut................................................ 867,060 Kentucky................................................... 570,000 Virginia................................................... 2,005,409 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Estimated Average Size of Awards: $1,000,000 excluding the outlying areas. Estimated Number of Awards: 4. Note: The Department is not bound by any estimates in this notice. Project Period: Not less than one year and not more than five years. III. Eligibility Information 1. Eligible Applicants: An SEA of one of the 50 States, the District of Columbia, or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico or an outlying area (United States Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands). Note: Public Law 95-134, which permits the consolidation of grants to the outlying areas, does not apply to funds received under this competition. 2.a. Cost Sharing or Matching: This competition does not require cost sharing or matching. b. Indirect Cost Rate Information: This program uses an unrestricted indirect cost rate. For more information regarding indirect costs, or to obtain a negotiated indirect cost rate, please see https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocfo/intro.html. c. Administrative Cost Limitation: This program does not include any program-specific limitation on administrative expenses. All administrative expenses must be reasonable and necessary and conform to Cost Principles described in 2 CFR [[Page 56365]] part 200, subpart E of the Uniform Guidance. 3. Subgrantees: A grantee under this competition must award contracts and subgrants as described in Absolute Priority 2 (paragraph (3)(c) under Statutory Requirements, Use of Funds). See section 654(c) of IDEA. 4. Other General Requirements: (a) Recipients of funding under this competition must make positive efforts to employ and advance in employment qualified individuals with disabilities (see section 606 of IDEA). (b) Applicants for, and recipients of, funding must involve individuals with disabilities or parents of individuals with disabilities ages birth through 26, in planning, implementing, and evaluating the project (see section 682(a)(1)(A) of IDEA). IV. Application and Submission Information 1. Application Submission Instructions: Applicants are required to follow the Common Instructions for Applicants to Department of Education Discretionary Grant Programs, published in the Federal Register on December 7, 2022 (87 FR 75045) and available at www.federalregister.gov/documents/2022/12/07/2022-26554/common-instructions-for-applicants-to-department-of-education-discretionary-grant-programs, which contain requirements and information on how to submit an application. 2. Intergovernmental Review: This competition is subject to Executive Order 12372 and the regulations in 34 CFR part 79. Information about Intergovernmental Review of Federal Programs under Executive Order 12372 is in the application package for this competition. However, under 34 CFR 79.8(a), we waive intergovernmental review in order to make an award by the end of FY 2024. 3. Funding Restrictions: We reference regulations outlining funding restrictions in the Applicable Regulations section of this notice. 4. Recommended Page Limit: The application narrative is where you, the applicant, address the selection criteria that reviewers use to evaluate your application. We recommend that you (1) limit the application narrative to no more than 70 pages and (2) use the following standards: A ``page'' is 8.5'' x 11'', on one side only, with 1'' margins at the top, bottom, and both sides. Double-space (no more than three lines per vertical inch) all text in the application narrative, including titles, headings, footnotes, quotations, reference citations, and captions, as well as all text in charts, tables, figures, graphs, and screen shots. Use a font that is 12 point or larger. Use one of the following fonts: Times New Roman, Courier, Courier New, or Arial. The recommended page limit does not apply to the cover sheet; the budget section, including the narrative budget justification; the assurances and certifications; or the abstract (follow the guidance provided in the application package for completing the abstract), the table of contents, the list of priority requirements, the resumes, the reference list, the letters of support, or the appendices. However, the recommended page limit does apply to all of the application narrative, including all text in charts, tables, figures, graphs, and screen shots. V. Application Review Information 1. Selection Criteria: The selection criteria for this competition are from 34 CFR 75.210 and are listed below: (a) Significance (20 points). (1) The Secretary considers the significance of the proposed project. (2) In determining the significance of the proposed project, the Secretary considers the following factors: (i) The extent to which specific gaps or weaknesses in services, infrastructure, or opportunities have been identified and will be addressed by the proposed project, including the nature and magnitude of those gaps or weaknesses. (ii) The extent to which the training or professional development services to be provided by the proposed project are of sufficient quality, intensity, and duration to lead to improvements in practice among the recipients of those services. (iii) The likelihood that the proposed project will result in system change or improvement. (b) Quality of the project design (25 points). (1) The Secretary considers the quality of the design of the proposed project. (2) In determining the quality of the design of the proposed project, the Secretary considers the following factors: (i) The extent to which the goals, objectives, and outcomes to be achieved by the proposed project are clearly specified and measurable. (ii) The extent to which the design of the proposed project is appropriate to, and will successfully address, the needs of the target population or other identified needs. (iii) The extent to which the services to be provided by the proposed project involve the collaboration of appropriate partners for maximizing the effectiveness of project services. (iv) The extent to which the design of the proposed project reflects up-to-date knowledge from research and effective practice. (v) The extent to which the proposed project will establish linkages with other appropriate agencies and organizations providing services to the target population. (c) Quality of the project personnel (10 points). (1) The Secretary considers the quality of the personnel who will carry out the proposed project. (2) In determining the quality of project personnel, the Secretary considers the extent to which the applicant encourages applications for employment from persons who are members of groups that have traditionally been underrepresented based on race, color, national origin, gender, age, or disability. (3) In addition, the Secretary considers the qualifications, including relevant training and experience, of key project personnel. (d) Adequacy of resources and management plan (20 points). (1) The Secretary considers the adequacy of resources and management plan for the proposed project. (2) In determining the adequacy of resources for the proposed project, the Secretary considers the following factors: (i) The relevance and demonstrated commitment of each partner in the proposed project to the implementation and success of the project. (ii) The extent to which the budget is adequate to support the proposed project. (iii) The adequacy of the management plan to achieve the objectives of the proposed project on time and within budget, including clearly defined responsibilities, timelines, and milestones for accomplishing project tasks. (iv) How the applicant will ensure that a diversity of perspectives are brought to bear in the operation of the proposed project, including those of parents, teachers, the business community, a variety of disciplinary and professional fields, recipients or beneficiaries of services, or others, as appropriate. (v) The potential for continued support of the project after Federal funding ends, including, as appropriate, the demonstrated commitment of appropriate entities to such support. (e) Quality of the project evaluation (25 points). [[Page 56366]] (1) The Secretary considers the quality of the evaluation to be conducted of the proposed project. (2) In determining the quality of the evaluation, the Secretary considers the extent to which the methods of evaluation are thorough, feasible, and appropriate to the goals, objectives, and outcomes of the proposed project. 2. Review and Selection Process: We remind potential applicants that in reviewing applications in any discretionary grant competition, the Secretary may consider, under 34 CFR 75.217(d)(3), the past performance of the applicant in carrying out a previous award, such as the applicant's use of funds, achievement of project objectives, and compliance with grant conditions. The Secretary may also consider whether the applicant failed to submit a timely performance report or submitted a report of unacceptable quality. In addition, in making a competitive grant award, the Secretary requires various assurances, including those applicable to Federal civil rights laws that prohibit discrimination in programs or activities receiving Federal financial assistance from the Department (34 CFR 100.4, 104.5, 106.4, 108.8, and 110.23). 3. Additional Review and Selection Process Factors: In the past, the Department has had difficulty finding peer reviewers for certain competitions because so many individuals who are eligible to serve as peer reviewers have conflicts of interest. The standing panel requirements under section 682(b) of IDEA also have placed additional constraints on the availability of reviewers. Therefore, the Department has determined that for some discretionary grant competitions, applications may be separated into two or more groups and ranked and selected for funding within specific groups. This procedure will make it easier for the Department to find peer reviewers by ensuring that greater numbers of individuals who are eligible to serve as reviewers for any particular group of applicants will not have conflicts of interest. It also will increase the quality, independence, and fairness of the review process, while permitting panel members to review applications under discretionary grant competitions for which they also have submitted applications. 4. Risk Assessment and Specific Conditions: Consistent with 2 CFR 200.206, before awarding grants under this competition the Department conducts a review of the risks posed by applicants. Under 2 CFR 200.208, the Secretary may impose specific conditions, and under 2 CFR 3474.10, in appropriate circumstances, high-risk conditions on a grant if the applicant or grantee is not financially stable; has a history of unsatisfactory performance; has a financial or other management system that does not meet the standards in 2 CFR part 200, subpart D; has not fulfilled the conditions of a prior grant; or is otherwise not responsible. 5. Integrity and Performance System: If you are selected under this competition to receive an award that over the course of the project period may exceed the simplified acquisition threshold (currently $250,000), under 2 CFR 200.206(a)(2) we must make a judgment about your integrity, business ethics, and record of performance under Federal awards--that is, the risk posed by you as an applicant--before we make an award. In doing so, we must consider any information about you that is in the integrity and performance system (currently referred to as the Federal Awardee Performance and Integrity Information System (FAPIIS)), accessible through the System for Award Management. You may review and comment on any information about yourself that a Federal agency previously entered and that is currently in FAPIIS. Please note that, if the total value of your currently active grants, cooperative agreements, and procurement contracts from the Federal Government exceeds $10,000,000, the reporting requirements in 2 CFR part 200, appendix XII, require you to report certain integrity information to FAPIIS semiannually. Please review the requirements in 2 CFR part 200, appendix XII, if this grant plus all the other Federal funds you receive exceed $10,000,000. 6. In General: In accordance with the Guidance for Federal Financial Assistance located at 2 CFR part 200, all applicable Federal laws, and relevant Executive guidance, the Department will review and consider applications for funding pursuant to this notice inviting applications in accordance with: (a) Selecting recipients most likely to be successful in delivering results based on the program objectives through an objective process of evaluating Federal award applications (2 CFR 200.205); (b) Prohibiting the purchase of certain telecommunication and video surveillance services or equipment in alignment with section 889 of the National Defense Authorization Act of 2019 (Pub. L. 115-232) (2 CFR 200.216); (c) Providing a preference, to the extent permitted by law, to maximize use of goods, products, and materials produced in the United States (2 CFR 200.322); and (d) Terminating agreements in whole or in part to the greatest extent authorized by law if an award no longer effectuates the program goals or agency priorities (2 CFR 200.340). VI. Award Administration Information 1. Award Notices: If your application is successful, we notify your U.S. Representative and U.S. Senators and send you a Grant Award Notification (GAN); or we may send you an email containing a link to access an electronic version of your GAN. We also may notify you informally. If your application is not evaluated or not selected for funding, we notify you. 2. Administrative and National Policy Requirements: We identify administrative and national policy requirements in the application package and reference these and other requirements in the Applicable Regulations section of this notice. We reference the regulations outlining the terms and conditions of an award in the Applicable Regulations section of this notice and include these and other specific conditions in the GAN. The GAN also incorporates your approved application as part of your binding commitments under the grant. 3. Open Licensing Requirements: Unless an exception applies, if you are awarded a grant under this competition, you will be required to openly license to the public grant deliverables created in whole, or in part, with Department grant funds. When the deliverable consists of modifications to pre-existing works, the license extends only to those modifications that can be separately identified and only to the extent that open licensing is permitted under the terms of any licenses or other legal restrictions on the use of pre-existing works. Additionally, a grantee that is awarded competitive grant funds must have a plan to disseminate these public grant deliverables. This dissemination plan can be developed and submitted after your application has been reviewed and selected for funding. For additional information on the open licensing requirements please refer to 2 CFR 3474.20. 4. Reporting: (a) If you apply for a grant under this competition, you must ensure that you have in place the necessary processes and systems to comply with the reporting requirements in 2 CFR part 170 should you receive funding under the competition. This does not apply if you have an exception under 2 CFR 170.110(b). (b) At the end of your project period, you must submit a final performance report, including financial information, as directed by the Secretary. If you [[Page 56367]] receive a multiyear award, you must submit an annual performance report that provides the most current performance and financial expenditure information as directed by the Secretary under 34 CFR 75.118. The Secretary may also require more frequent performance reports under 34 CFR 75.720(c). For specific requirements on reporting, please go to www.ed.gov/fund/grant/apply/appforms/appforms.html. 5. Performance Measures: For the purposes of Department reporting under 34 CFR 75.110, we have established a set of performance measures, including long-term measures, that are designed to yield information on various aspects of the effectiveness and quality of the SPDG program. These measures assess the extent to which-- Projects use professional development practices supported by evidence to support the attainment of identified competencies; Participants in SPDG professional development demonstrate improvement in implementation of SPDG-supported practices over time; Projects use SPDG professional development funds to provide activities designed to sustain the use of SPDG-supported practices; and Projects improve outcomes for children with disabilities. Each grantee funded under this competition must collect and annually report data related to its performance on these measures in the project's annual and final performance report to the Department in accordance with section 653(d) of IDEA and 34 CFR 75.590. Applicants should discuss in the application narrative how they propose to collect performance data for these measures. 6. Continuation Awards: In making a continuation award under 34 CFR 75.253, the Secretary considers, among other things, whether a grantee has made substantial progress in achieving the goals and objectives of the project; whether the grantee has expended funds in a manner that is consistent with its approved application and budget; and, if the Secretary has established performance measurement requirements, whether the grantee has made substantial progress in achieving the performance targets in the grantee's approved application. In making a continuation award, the Secretary also considers whether the grantee is operating in compliance with the assurances in its approved application, including those applicable to Federal civil rights laws that prohibit discrimination in programs or activities receiving Federal financial assistance from the Department (34 CFR 100.4, 104.5, 106.4, 108.8, and 110.23). VII. Other Information Accessible Format: On request to the program contact person listed under FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT, individuals with disabilities can obtain this document and a copy of the application package in an accessible format. The Department will provide the requestor with an accessible format that may include Rich Text Format (RTF) or text format (txt), a thumb drive, an MP3 file, braille, large print, audiotape, compact disc, or other accessible format. Electronic Access to This Document: The official version of this document is the document published in the Federal Register. You may access the official edition of the Federal Register and the Code of Federal Regulations at www.govinfo.gov. At this site you can view this document, as well as all other Department documents published in the Federal Register, in text or Portable Document Format (PDF). To use PDF you must have Adobe Acrobat Reader, which is available free at the site. You may also access Department documents published in the Federal Register by using the article search feature at www.federalregister.gov. Specifically, through the advanced search feature at this site, you can limit your search to documents published by the Department. Glenna Wright-Gallo, Assistant Secretary for Special Education and Rehabilitative Services. [FR Doc. 2024-15044 Filed 7-5-24; 11:15 am] BILLING CODE 4000-01-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:00.178578

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14964

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56367-56368] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14964] ======================================================================= ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Environmental Management Site-Specific Advisory Board, Hanford AGENCY: Office of Environmental Management, Department of Energy. ACTION: Notice of open meeting. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: This notice announces an in-person/virtual hybrid subcommittee meeting of the whole of the Environmental Management Site-Specific Advisory Board (EM SSAB), Hanford. The Federal Advisory Committee Act requires that public notice of this meeting be announced in the Federal Register. DATES: Monday, August 5, 2024; 9 a.m.-3:30 p.m. PDT. ADDRESSES: Washington State University Tri-Cities, Room 120/120A, Consolidated Information Center, 2770 University Drive, Richland, Washington 99354. This hybrid subcommittee meeting of the whole will be in-person at Washington State University Tri-Cities and virtually. To receive the virtual access information and call-in number, please contact the Deputy Designated Federal Officer, Lindsay Somers, at the telephone number or email listed below at least five days prior to the meeting. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Lindsay Somers, Deputy Designated Federal Officer, U.S. Department of Energy, Hanford Office of Communications, Richland Operations Office, P.O. Box 550, Richland, WA, 99354; Phone: (509) 376-0923; or Email: [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Purpose of the Board: The purpose of the Board is to provide advice and recommendations concerning the following EM site-specific issues: clean-up activities and environmental restoration; waste and nuclear materials management and disposition; excess facilities; future land use and long-term stewardship. The Board may also be asked to provide advice and recommendations on any EM program components. Tentative Agenda: Briefing on Hanford Sitewide Permit, Revision 9A Discussion on Hanford Sitewide Permit, Revision 9A Public Participation: The meeting is open to the public. The EM SSAB, Hanford, welcomes the attendance of the public at its advisory committee meetings and will make every effort to accommodate persons with physical disabilities or special needs. If you require special accommodations due to a disability, please contact Lindsay Somers at least seven days in advance of the meeting at the telephone number listed above. Written statements may be filed with the Board either before or within five business days after the meeting. Individuals who wish to make oral statements pertaining to agenda items should contact Lindsay Somers. Requests must be received five days prior to the meeting and reasonable provision will be made to include the presentation in the agenda. The Deputy Designated Federal Officer is empowered to conduct the meeting in a fashion that will facilitate the orderly conduct of business. Individuals wishing to make public comments will be provided a maximum of five minutes to present their comments. Minutes: Minutes will be available at the following website: https://www.hanford.gov/page.cfm/hab/CommitteeMeetingInformation/ [[Page 56368]] CommitteeoftheWholeMeetingSummaries. Signing Authority: This document of the Department of Energy was signed on July 2, 2024, by David Borak, Committee Management Officer, pursuant to delegated authority from the Secretary of Energy. That document with the original signature and date is maintained by DOE. For administrative purposes only, and in compliance with requirements of the Office of the Federal Register, the undersigned DOE Federal Register Liaison Officer has been authorized to sign and submit the document in electronic format for publication, as an official document of the Department of Energy. This administrative process in no way alters the legal effect of this document upon publication in the Federal Register. Signed in Washington, DC, on July 2, 2024. Treena V. Garrett, Federal Register Liaison Officer, U.S. Department of Energy. [FR Doc. 2024-14964 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6450-01-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:00.248354

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14952

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56368-56369] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14952] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Combined Notice of Filings #1 Take notice that the Commission received the following electric corporate filings: Docket Numbers: EC06-129-009. Applicants: Capital Research and Management Company. Description: Request for Reauthorization and Extension of Blanket Authorizations Under Section 203 of the Federal Power Act of Capital Research and Management Co., et al. Filed Date: 6/27/24. Accession Number: 20240627-5295. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/18/24. Docket Numbers: EC24-94-000. Applicants: Homer City Generation L.P., Knighthead Capital Management, LLC. Description: Application for authorization under Section 203 of the Federal Power Act of Homer City Generation, L.P. Filed Date: 6/25/24. Accession Number: 20240625-5190. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/16/24. Take notice that the Commission received the following electric rate filings: Docket Numbers: ER10-1817-032. Applicants: Southwestern Public Service Company. Description: Triennial Market Power Analysis for Central Region of Southwestern Public Service Company. Filed Date: 6/27/24. Accession Number: 20240627-5291. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 8/26/24. Docket Numbers: ER10-2738-013; ER11-4267-022; ER20-2586-004; ER20- 2587-003; ER20-2669-003. Applicants: Neosho Ridge Wind, LLC, Kings Point Wind, LLC, North Fork Ridge Wind, LLC, Algonquin Energy Services Inc., The Empire District Electric Company. Description: Triennial Market Power Analysis for Southwest Power Pool Inc. Region of The Empire District Electric Company, et al. Filed Date: 6/27/24. Accession Number: 20240627-5298. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 8/26/24. Docket Numbers: ER12-164-025; ER10-1882-013; ER10-1894-013; ER10- 2563-009; ER18-2203-005; ER19-1402-004; ER20-2288-005; ER22-2046-004. Applicants: Sapphire Sky Wind Energy LLC, Tatanka Ridge Wind, LLC, Coyote Ridge Wind, LLC, Upper Michigan Energy Resources Corporation, Wisconsin Electric Power Company, Wisconsin Public Service Corporation, Wisconsin River Power Company, Bishop Hill Energy III LLC. Description: Triennial Market Power Analysis for Central Region of Bishop Hill Energy III LLC, et al. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5374. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 8/27/24. Docket Numbers: ER13-1910-004; ER16-1018-003; ER20-2771-002. Applicants: Guzman Western Slope LLC, Guzman Renewable Energy Partners LLC, Guzman Power Markets. Description: Triennial Market Power Analysis for Central Region of Guzman Energy LLC, et al. Filed Date: 6/27/24. Accession Number: 20240627-5294. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 8/26/24. Docket Numbers: ER18-803-002. Applicants: EDF Trading North America, LLC. Description: Triennial Market Power Analysis for Central Region of EDF Trading North America, LLC. Filed Date: 6/26/24. Accession Number: 20240626-5200. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 8/26/24. Docket Numbers: ER20-1505-008. Applicants: Basin Electric Power Cooperative. Description: Triennial Market Power Analysis for Southwest Power Pool Inc. Region of Basin Electric Power Cooperative. Filed Date: 6/27/24. Accession Number: 20240627-5293. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 8/26/24. Docket Numbers: ER20-2379-006; ER10-310-006; ER10-2738-014; ER15- 2631-011; ER16-2703-008; ER22-2513-003. Applicants: Deerfield Wind Energy 2, LLC, Deerfield Wind Energy, LLC, Odell Wind Farm, LLC, The Empire District Electric Company, Algonquin Energy Services Inc., Sugar Creek Wind One LLC. Description: Triennial Market Power Analysis for Central Region of Sugar Creek Wind One LLC, et al. Filed Date: 6/27/24. Accession Number: 20240627-5300. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 8/26/24. Docket Numbers: ER21-2818-006. Applicants: Tri-State Generation and Transmission Association, Inc. Description: Compliance filing: Revisions to Rate Schedule No. 281 in Compliance with the May 23 Order to be effective 11/1/2021. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5346. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/19/24. Docket Numbers: ER24-1576-001. Applicants: Maple Flats Solar Energy Center LLC. Description: Compliance filing: Revised Tariff Filing to be effective 8/28/2024. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5329. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/19/24. Docket Numbers: ER24-1711-001. Applicants: Split Rail Solar Energy LLC. Description: Compliance filing: Revised Tariff Changes Filing to be effective 8/28/2024. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5322. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/19/24. Docket Numbers: ER24-2112-001. Applicants: Public Service Company of New Mexico. Description: Tariff Amendment: Amendment to Effective Date to be effective 5/29/2024. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5339. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/19/24. Docket Numbers: ER24-2425-000. Applicants: Buckeye Plains Solar Project, LLC. Description: Sec. 205(d) Rate Filing: Joint Application for Market-Based Rate Authority to be effective 7/10/2024. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5295. Comment Date: 5 p.m. 7/19/24. Docket Numbers: ER24-2426-000. Applicants: Pickaway County Solar Project, LLC. [[Page 56369]] Description: Sec. 205(d) Rate Filing: Joint Application for Market-Based Rate Authority to be effective 7/10/2024. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5300. Comment Date: 5 p.m. 7/19/24. Docket Numbers: ER24-2427-000. Applicants: Public Service Company of New Mexico. Description: Sec. 205(d) Rate Filing: WAPA-Farmington Pseudo-Tie Coordination to be effective 7/1/2024. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5304. Comment Date: 5 p.m. 7/19/24. Docket Numbers: ER24-2428-000. Applicants: EnerPenn USA LLC. Description: Tariff Amendment: EnerPenn USA LLC Notice of MBR Cancellation Filing to be effective 6/29/2024. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5311. Comment Date: 5 p.m. 7/19/24. Docket Numbers: ER24-2429-000. Applicants: Public Service Company of New Mexico. Description: Compliance filing: Amendment to Update eTariff Priortiy Order to be effective 1/27/2020. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5342. Comment Date: 5 p.m. 7/19/24. Docket Numbers: ER24-2430-000. Applicants: New England Power Pool Participants Committee. Description: Sec. 205(d) Rate Filing: Jul 2024 Membership Filing to be effective 7/1/2024. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5343. Comment Date: 5 p.m. 7/19/24. Docket Numbers: ER24-2431-000. Applicants: Duke Energy Progress, LLC, Duke Energy Carolinas, LLC. Description: Sec. 205(d) Rate Filing: Duke Energy Progress, LLC submits tariff filing per 35.13(a)(2)(iii: DEC-DEP Revisions to Attachment K to Joint OATT (LGIP/LGIA) to be effective 9/1/2024. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5352. Comment Date: 5 p.m. 7/19/24. Docket Numbers: ER24-2432-000. Applicants: Lockhart Solar PV, LLC. Description: Baseline eTariff Filing: Facilities Use Agreements to be effective 8/12/2024. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5123. Comment Date: 5 p.m. 7/22/24. The filings are accessible in the Commission's eLibrary system (https://elibrary.ferc.gov/idmws/search/fercgensearch.asp) by querying the docket number. Any person desiring to intervene, to protest, or to answer a complaint in any of the above proceedings must file in accordance with Rules 211, 214, or 206 of the Commission's Regulations (18 CFR 385.211, 385.214, or 385.206) on or before 5:00 p.m. Eastern time on the specified comment date. Protests may be considered, but intervention is necessary to become a party to the proceeding. eFiling is encouraged. More detailed information relating to filing requirements, interventions, protests, service, and qualifying facilities filings can be found at: http://www.ferc.gov/docs-filing/efiling/filing-req.pdf. For other information, call (866) 208-3676 (toll free). For TTY, call (202) 502-8659. The Commission's Office of Public Participation (OPP) supports meaningful public engagement and participation in Commission proceedings. OPP can help members of the public, including landowners, environmental justice communities, Tribal members and others, access publicly available information and navigate Commission processes. For public inquiries and assistance with making filings such as interventions, comments, or requests for rehearing, the public is encouraged to contact OPP at (202) 502-6595 or [email protected]. Dated: July 1, 2024. Debbie-Anne A. Reese, Acting Secretary. [FR Doc. 2024-14952 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6717-01-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:00.302631

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14951

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56369-56371] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14951] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Combined Notice of Filings #2 Take notice that the Commission received the following electric rate filings: Docket Numbers: ER10-468-005. Applicants: Google Energy LLC. Description: Triennial Market Power Analysis for Central Region of Google Energy LLC. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5382. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 8/27/24. Docket Numbers: ER10-2136-023. Applicants: Invenergy Cannon Falls LLC. Description: Triennial Market Power Analysis for Central Region of Invenergy Cannon Falls LLC. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5385. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 8/27/24. Docket Numbers: ER10-2615-017; ER11-2335-021. Applicants: Plum Point Energy Associates, LLC, Plum Point Services Company, LLC. Description: Triennial Market Power Analysis for Central Region of Plum Point Energy Associates, LLC, et al. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5383. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 8/27/24. Docket Numbers: ER13-1419-001; ER13-122-005; ER13-123-002. Applicants: ExxonMobil LaBarge Shute Creek Treating Facility, ExxonMobil Beaumont Complex, ExxonMobil Baton Rouge Complex. Description: Triennial Market Power Analysis and Change in Status for Central Region of ExxonMobil Baton Rouge Complex, et al. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5381. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 8/27/24. Docket Numbers: ER14-2144-010; ER10-2178-044; ER10-2192-044; ER11- 2009-027; ER11-2011-027; ER11-3989-023; ER12-2201-018; ER12-2311-018; ER13-1536-028. Applicants: Constellation Energy Generation, LLC, Beebe Renewable Energy, LLC, Harvest II Windfarm, LLC, Michigan Wind 2, LLC, Harvest Windfarm, LLC, Michigan Wind 1, LLC, Constellation Energy Commodities Group Maine, LLC, Constellation NewEnergy, Inc., Beebe 1B Renewable Energy, LLC. Description: Triennial Market Power Analysis for Central Region of Beebe 1B Renewable Energy, LLC, et al. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5377. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 8/27/24. Docket Numbers: ER16-1720-028; ER21-2137-012. Applicants: IR Energy Management LLC, Invenergy Energy Management LLC. Description: Triennial Market Power Analysis for Central Region of Invenergy Energy Management LLC, et al. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5389. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 8/27/24. Docket Numbers: ER16-2035-006. Applicants: Black Oak Wind, LLC. Description: Triennial Market Power Analysis for Central Region of Black Oak Wind, LLC. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5388. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 8/27/24. Docket Numbers: ER17-2088-006. Applicants: Apple Blossom Wind, LLC. Description: Triennial Market Power Analysis for Central Region of Apple Blossom Wind, LLC. [[Page 56370]] Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5387. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 8/27/24. Docket Numbers: ER17-2245-004. Applicants: Moffett Solar 1, LLC. Description: Notice of Change in Status of Moffett Solar 1, LLC. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5378. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/19/24. Docket Numbers: ER20-113-005; ER20-67-005; ER20-116-005. Applicants: Evergy Metro, Inc., Evergy Kansas Central, Inc., Evergy Missouri West, Inc. Description: Triennial Market Power Analysis for Southwest Power Pool Inc. Region of Evergy Missouri West, Inc., et al. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5375. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 8/27/24. Docket Numbers: ER21-2082-002. Applicants: Citizens S-Line Transmission LLC. Description: Compliance filing: Compliance Filing and Request to Amend Formula Rate Protocols to be effective 12/31/9998. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5300. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/22/24. Docket Numbers: ER22-2091-006. Applicants: Calhoun Solar Energy LLC. Description: Triennial Market Power Analysis for Central Region of Calhoun Solar Energy LLC. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5386. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 8/27/24. Docket Numbers: ER22-2556-002; ER21-2379-001. Applicants: Rainbow Energy Center, LLC, Rainbow Energy Marketing Corporation. Description: Triennial Market Power Analysis for Central Region of Rainbow Energy Marketing Corporation, et al. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5155. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 8/30/24. Docket Numbers: ER22-2703-004. Applicants: Pattern Energy Management Services LLC. Description: Triennial Market Power Analysis for Central Region of Pattern Energy Management Services LLC. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5384. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 8/27/24. Docket Numbers: ER23-2874-003. Applicants: NorthWestern Energy Public Service Corporation. Description: Triennial Market Power Analysis for Southwest Power Pool Inc. Region of NorthWestern Energy Public Service Corporation. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5379. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 8/27/24. Docket Numbers: ER24-2433-000. Applicants: Lockhart Solar PV II, LLC. Description: Baseline eTariff Filing: Facilities Use Agreements to be effective 8/12/2024. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5128. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/22/24. Docket Numbers: ER24-2434-000. Applicants: Lockhart CL ESS I, LLC. Description: Baseline eTariff Filing: Certificate of Concurrence for Switchyard Facilities Use Agreement to be effective 8/12/2024. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5170. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/22/24. Docket Numbers: ER24-2435-000. Applicants: Lockhart CL ESS II, LLC. Description: Baseline eTariff Filing: Certificate of Concurrence for Switchyard Facilities Use Agreement to be effective 8/12/2024. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5174. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/22/24. Docket Numbers: ER24-2436-000. Applicants: Southwest Power Pool, Inc. Description: Sec. 205(d) Rate Filing: 3125R16 Basin Electric Power Cooperative NITSA and NOA to be effective 6/1/2024. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5204. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/22/24. Docket Numbers: ER24-2437-000. Applicants: Midcontinent Independent System Operator, Inc. Description: Sec. 205(d) Rate Filing: 2024-07-01_SA 4304 ITC Midwest-IPL GIA (J1359) to be effective 6/20/2024. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5225. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/22/24. Docket Numbers: ER24-2438-000. Applicants: Lockhart Transmission Holdings, LLC. Description: Sec. 205(d) Rate Filing: Facilities Use Agreements to be effective 8/12/2024. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5230. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/22/24. Docket Numbers: ER24-2439-000. Applicants: Avista Corporation. Description: Sec. 205(d) Rate Filing: Avista RS No. T1229, NorthWestern Energy Dynamic Transfer BA Operating Agreement to be effective 7/2/2024. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5250. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/22/24. Docket Numbers: ER24-2440-000. Applicants: Puget Sound Energy, Inc. Description: Sec. 205(d) Rate Filing: NorthernGrid Funding Agreement and Certificate of Concurrence to be effective 1/1/2024. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5259. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/22/24. Docket Numbers: ER24-2441-000. Applicants: Lockhart CL ESS I, LLC. Description: Sec. 205(d) Rate Filing: Certificate of Concurrence for Facilities Use Agreement to be effective 8/12/2024. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5283. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/22/24. Docket Numbers: ER24-2442-000. Applicants: Lockhart Solar PV, LLC. Description: Sec. 205(d) Rate Filing: Certificate of Concurrence for Facilities Use Agreement to be effective 8/12/2024. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5288. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/22/24. Docket Numbers: ER24-2443-000. Applicants: Lockhart CL ESS II, LLC. Description: Sec. 205(d) Rate Filing: Certificate of Concurrence for Facilities Use Agreement to be effective 8/12/2024. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5291. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/22/24. Docket Numbers: ER24-2444-000. Applicants: California Independent System Operator Corporation. Description: Compliance filing: 2024-07-01 Petition for Limited Tariff Waiver of CAISO Corp to be effective N/A. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5293. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/22/24. Docket Numbers: ER24-2445-000. Applicants: Lockhart Solar PV II, LLC. Description: Sec. 205(d) Rate Filing: Certificate of Concurrence for Facilities Use Agreement to be effective 8/12/2024. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5295. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/22/24. The filings are accessible in the Commission's eLibrary system (https://elibrary.ferc.gov/idmws/search/fercgensearch.asp) by querying the docket number. Any person desiring to intervene, to protest, or to answer a complaint in any of the above proceedings must file in accordance with Rules 211, 214, or 206 of the Commission's Regulations (18 CFR 385.211, 385.214, or 385.206) on or before 5:00 p.m. Eastern time on the specified comment date. Protests may be considered, but intervention is [[Page 56371]] necessary to become a party to the proceeding. eFiling is encouraged. More detailed information relating to filing requirements, interventions, protests, service, and qualifying facilities filings can be found at: http://www.ferc.gov/docs-filing/efiling/filing-req.pdf. For other information, call (866) 208-3676 (toll free). For TTY, call (202) 502-8659. The Commission's Office of Public Participation (OPP) supports meaningful public engagement and participation in Commission proceedings. OPP can help members of the public, including landowners, environmental justice communities, Tribal members and others, access publicly available information and navigate Commission processes. For public inquiries and assistance with making filings such as interventions, comments, or requests for rehearing, the public is encouraged to contact OPP at (202) 502-6595 or [email protected]. Dated: July 1, 2024. Debbie-Anne A. Reese, Acting Secretary. [FR Doc. 2024-14951 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6717-01-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:00.349365

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14950

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56371-56372] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14950] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY Federal Energy Regulatory Commission Combined Notice of Filings Take notice that the Commission has received the following Natural Gas Pipeline Rate and Refund Report filings: Filings Instituting Proceedings Docket Numbers: PR24-82-000. Applicants: EnLink LIG, LLC. Description: Sec. 284.123(g) Rate Filing: SOC changes 2024 to be effective 8/1/2024. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5250. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/19/24. Sec. 284.123(g) Protest: 5 p.m. ET 8/27/24. Docket Numbers: RP24-862-000. Applicants: Northern Natural Gas Company. Description: Sec. 4(d) Rate Filing: 20240628 Negotiated Rate to be effective 7/1/2024. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5246. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/10/24. Docket Numbers: RP24-863-000. Applicants: Alliance Pipeline L.P. Description: Sec. 4(d) Rate Filing: Negotiated rates--Various July 1, 2024, Releases to be effective 7/1/2024. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5259. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/10/24. Docket Numbers: RP24-864-000. Applicants: Sabine Pipe Line LLC. Description: Compliance filing: Compliance July 2024 to be effective 7/1/2024. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5266. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/10/24. Docket Numbers: RP24-866-000. Applicants: Trailblazer Pipeline Company LLC. Description: Sec. 4(d) Rate Filing: TPC 2024-06-28 Trailblazer Conversion Project (CP22-468) Implementation to be effective 8/1/2024. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5324. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/10/24. Docket Numbers: RP24-867-000. Applicants: Tennessee Gas Pipeline Company, L.L.C. Description: Sec. 4(d) Rate Filing: TGP Clean Up Filing June 28, 2024 to be effective 7/31/2024. Filed Date: 6/28/24. Accession Number: 20240628-5331. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/10/24. Docket Numbers: RP24-868-000. Applicants: Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC. Description: Sec. 4(d) Rate Filing: July 2024 Clean-Up Filing to be effective 8/1/2024. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5002. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/15/24. Docket Numbers: RP24-869-000. Applicants: MIGC LLC. Description: Sec. 4(d) Rate Filing: Annual Fuel Filing to be effective 8/1/2024. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5080. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/15/24. Docket Numbers: RP24-870-000. Applicants: Crossroads Pipeline Company. Description: Sec. 4(d) Rate Filing: Penalty Revenue Crediting Report--Change in Tariff to be effective 8/1/2024. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5110. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/15/24. Docket Numbers: RP24-871-000. Applicants: Portland Natural Gas Transmission System. Description: Sec. 4(d) Rate Filing: Castleton Negotiated Rate Agreement #299643 to be effective 7/1/2024. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5120. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/15/24. Docket Numbers: RP24-872-000. Applicants: Gulf South Pipeline Company, LLC. Description: Sec. 4(d) Rate Filing: Amendment to Neg Rate Agmt (Calyx 51780) to be effective 7/1/2024. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5133. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/15/24. Docket Numbers: RP24-873-000. Applicants: Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC. Description: Sec. 4(d) Rate Filing: Negotiated Rate Capacity Releases-- 7/1/2024 to be effective 7/1/2024. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5138. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/15/24. Docket Numbers: RP24-874-000. Applicants: El Paso Natural Gas Company, L.L.C. Description: Sec. 4(d) Rate Filing: Negotiated Rate Agreement Update (TMV July-Sept 2024) to be effective 7/1/2024. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5172. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/15/24. Docket Numbers: RP24-875-000. Applicants: Gulf South Pipeline Company, LLC. Description: Sec. 4(d) Rate Filing: Cap Rel Neg Rate Agmt (Calyx 51780 to BP 57121) to be effective 7/1/2024. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5176. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/15/24. Docket Numbers: RP24-876-000. Applicants: El Paso Natural Gas Company, L.L.C. Description: Sec. 4(d) Rate Filing: Negotiated Rate Agreement Filing (Chevron) to be effective 7/1/2024. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5178. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/15/24. Docket Numbers: RP24-877-000. Applicants: Rover Pipeline LLC. Description: Sec. 4(d) Rate Filing: Summary of Negotiated Rate Capacity Release Agreements 7-1-2024 to be effective 7/1/2024. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5189. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/15/24. Docket Numbers: RP24-878-000. Applicants: Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Company, LLC. Description: Sec. 4(d) Rate Filing: GT&C Section 43--SMG-- Operational Conditions to be effective 8/1/2024. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5203. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/15/24. Docket Numbers: RP24-879-000. Applicants: Texas Eastern Transmission, LP. Description: Sec. 4(d) Rate Filing: Negotiated Rates--NJR eff 7-1- 24 to be effective 7/1/2024. Filed Date: 7/1/24. Accession Number: 20240701-5208. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/15/24. [[Page 56372]] Any person desiring to intervene, to protest, or to answer a complaint in any of the above proceedings must file in accordance with Rules 211, 214, or 206 of the Commission's Regulations (18 CFR 385.211, 385.214, or 385.206) on or before 5:00 p.m. Eastern time on the specified comment date. Protests may be considered, but intervention is necessary to become a party to the proceeding. Filings in Existing Proceedings Docket Numbers: RP22-1001-000. Applicants: Eastern Gas Transmission and Storage, Inc. Description: Report Filing: EGTS--Operational Gas Sales Report-- 2024 to be effective N/A. Filed Date: 6/27/24. Accession Number: 20240627-5029. Comment Date: 5 p.m. ET 7/9/24. Any person desiring to protest in any the above proceedings must file in accordance with Rule 211 of the Commission's Regulations (18 CFR 385.211) on or before 5:00 p.m. Eastern time on the specified comment date. The filings are accessible in the Commission's eLibrary system (https://elibrary.ferc.gov/idmws/search/fercgensearch.asp) by querying the docket number. eFiling is encouraged. More detailed information relating to filing requirements, interventions, protests, service, and qualifying facilities filings can be found at: http://www.ferc.gov/docs-filing/efiling/filing-req.pdf. For other information, call (866) 208-3676 (toll free). For TTY, call (202) 502-8659. The Commission's Office of Public Participation (OPP) supports meaningful public engagement and participation in Commission proceedings. OPP can help members of the public, including landowners, environmental justice communities, Tribal members and others, access publicly available information and navigate Commission processes. For public inquiries and assistance with making filings such as interventions, comments, or requests for rehearing, the public is encouraged to contact OPP at (202) 502-6595 or [email protected]. Dated: July 1, 2024. Debbie-Anne A. Reese, Acting Secretary. [FR Doc. 2024-14950 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6717-01-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:00.404784

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14821

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Page 56372] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14821] ======================================================================= ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY [FRL-12056-01-OW] Notice of Public Environmental Financial Advisory Board Webinar AGENCY: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). ACTION: Notice of public webinar. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announces a public webinar of the Environmental Financial Advisory Board (EFAB). The purpose of the webinar will be for the EFAB to support the Greenhouse Gas Reduction Fund (GGRF) charge workgroup. This webinar will address mobilizing private capital across a single GGRF priority sector, Net Zero Buildings, providing concrete examples of deals and transactions that have been successful. Written public comments may be provided in advance. No oral public comments will be accepted during the webinar. Please see the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section for further details. DATES: The webinar will be held on July 30, 2024, from 2 p.m. to 3:30 p.m. Eastern Time. ADDRESSES: The webinar will be conducted in a virtual format via webcast only. Information to access the webinar will be provided upon registration in advance. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Any member of the public who wants information about the webinar may contact Tara Johnson via telephone/ voicemail at (202) 564-6186 or email to [email protected]. General information concerning the EFAB is available at https://www.epa.gov/waterfinancecenter/efab. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background: The EFAB is an EPA advisory committee chartered under the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA), 5 U.S.C. App. 2, to provide advice and recommendations to the EPA on innovative approaches to funding environmental programs, projects, and activities. Administrative support for the EFAB is provided by the Water Infrastructure and Resiliency Finance Center within the EPA's Office of Water. Pursuant to FACA and EPA policy, notice is hereby given that the EFAB will hold a public webinar for the following purpose: Provide workgroup updates and work products for the Board's GGRF charge. Registration for the Webinar: To register for the webinar, please visit https://www.epa.gov/waterfinancecenter/efab#meeting. Interested persons who wish to attend the webinar must register by July 29, 2024. Pre-registration is strongly encouraged. Availability of Webinar Materials: Webinar materials, including the agenda and associated materials, will be available on the EPA's website at https://www.epa.gov/waterfinancecenter/efab. Procedures for Providing Public Input: Public comment for consideration by the EPA's Federal advisory committees has a different purpose from public comment provided to the EPA program offices. Therefore, the process for submitting comments to a Federal advisory committee is different from the process used to submit comments to an EPA program office. Federal advisory committees provide independent advice to the EPA. Members of the public may submit comments on matters being considered by the EFAB for consideration as the Board develops its advice and recommendations to the EPA. Written Statements: Written statements should be received by July 25, 2024, so that the information can be made available to the EFAB for its consideration prior to the webinar. Written statements should be sent via email to [email protected]. Members of the public should be aware that their personal contact information, if included in any written comments, may be posted to the EFAB website. Copyrighted material will not be posted without explicit permission of the copyright holder. Accessibility: For information on access or services for individuals with disabilities or to request accommodations for a disability, please register for the webinar and list any special requirements or accommodations needed on the registration form at least 10 business days prior to the webinar to allow as much time as possible to process your request. Andrew D. Sawyers, Director, Office of Wastewater Management, Office of Water. [FR Doc. 2024-14821 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6560-50-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:00.457985

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14822

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56372-56373] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14822] ======================================================================= ----------------------------------------------------------------------- FARM CREDIT SYSTEM INSURANCE CORPORATION Board of Directors Meeting SUMMARY: Notice of the forthcoming regular meeting of the Board of Directors of the Farm Credit System Insurance Corporation (FCSIC), is hereby given in accordance with the provisions of the Bylaws of the FCSIC. [[Page 56373]] DATES: 10 a.m., Wednesday, July 10, 2024. ADDRESSES: You may observe the open portions of this meeting in person at 1501 Farm Credit Drive, McLean, Virginia 22102-5090, or virtually. If you would like to virtually attend, at least 24 hours in advance, visit FCSIC.gov, select ``News & Events,'' then select ``Board Meetings.'' From there, access the linked ``Instructions for board meeting visitors'' and complete the described registration process. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: If you need more information or assistance for accessibility reasons, or have questions, contact Ashley Waldron, Secretary to the Board. Telephone: 703-883-4009. TTY: 703-883- 4056. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Parts of this meeting will be open to the public. The rest of the meeting will be closed to the public. The following matters will be considered: Portions Open to the Public Approval of Minutes for April 10, 2024 Quarterly FCSIC Financial Reports Quarterly Report on Insured Obligations Quarterly Report on Annual Performance Plan Mid-Year Review of Insurance Premium Rates Portions Closed to the Public Quarterly Report on Insurance Risk Ashley Waldron, Secretary to the Board. [FR Doc. 2024-14822 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6705-01-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:00.524520

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15057

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56373-56375] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15057] ======================================================================= ----------------------------------------------------------------------- FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION [FR ID 230207] Privacy Act of 1974; System of Records AGENCY: Federal Communications Commission. ACTION: Notice of a modified system of records. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The Federal Communications Commission (FCC, Commission, or Agency) has modified an existing system of records, FCC/OLA-1, Legislative Management Tracking System (LMTS), subject to the Privacy Act of 1974, as amended. This action is necessary to meet the requirements of the Privacy Act to publish in the Federal Register notice of the existence and character of records maintained by the agency. The FCC's Office of Legislative Affairs (OLA) uses this system to maintain the personally identifiable information (PII) contained in the Commission's Legislative Management Tracking System (LMTS). DATES: This modified system of records will become effective on July 9, 2024. Written comments on the routine uses are due by August 8, 2024. The routine uses in this action will become effective on August 8, 2024 unless comments are received that require a contrary determination. ADDRESSES: Send comments to Brendan McTaggart, Attorney-Advisor, Office of General Counsel, Federal Communications Commission, 45 L Street NE, Washington, DC 20554, or to [email protected]. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Brendan McTaggart, (202) 418-1738, or [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This notice serves to update and modify FCC/ OLA-1 as a result of the various necessary changes and updates. The substantive changes and modifications to the previously published version of the FCC/OLA-1 system of records include: 1. Adding five new routine uses: (1) Litigation; (2) Adjudication; (3) Law Enforcement and Investigation; (8) Assistance to Federal Agencies and Entities Related to Breaches, the addition of which is required by OMB M-17-12; and (9) Nonfederal Personnel. 2. Updating and/or revising language in three routine uses (listed by the routine use number provided in this notice): (4) Government-wide Program Management and Oversight; (5) Congressional Inquiries; and (7) Breach Notification, the modification of which is required by OMB M-17- 12. The system of records is also updated to reflect various administrative changes related to the system managers and system addresses; policy and practices for storage, retention, disposal and retrieval of the information; administrative, technical, and physical safeguards; and updated notification, records access, and contesting records procedures. SYSTEM NAME AND NUMBER: FCC/OLA-1, Legislative Management Tracking System (LMTS). SECURITY CLASSIFICATION: Unclassified. SYSTEM LOCATION: OLA, FCC, 45 L St. NE, Washington, DC 20554. SYSTEM MANAGER(S): OLA, FCC, 45 L St. NE, Washington, DC 20554. AUTHORITY FOR MAINTENANCE OF THE SYSTEM: 5 U.S.C. 301; 44 U.S.C. 3101; 47 U.S.C. 154(i), (j), and (k), and 47 U.S.C. 155(a). PURPOSE(S) OF THE SYSTEM: OLA uses the LMTS to store, track, and manage correspondence to or from the members of the U.S. House of Representatives, the U.S. Senate, and the Vice President and President of the United States. This correspondence may include attachments that could contain PII from individuals (members of the public at large) who contacted their Congressional Representative(s), Senator(s), and/or the Vice President or President concerning various telecommunications issues affecting them, e.g., telephone and cable bills, etc. In addition, LMTS tracks correspondence regarding FCC employees who have requested Congressional assistance with their personal employment issues at the Commission, e.g., hiring and promotion matters, etc. CATEGORIES OF INDIVIDUALS COVERED BY THE SYSTEM: The categories of individuals in the Legislative Management Tracking System (LMTS) include members of the U.S. House of Representatives, Senators, and the Vice President and President of the United States; members of the public at large; and FCC employees. CATEGORIES OF RECORDS IN THE SYSTEM: The categories of records in the LMTS may include: 1. Members of the public at large: individual's name, home address, home telephone number(s), personal cell phone number(s), account number(s) for telephone, cell phone, cable television, and satellite television services, and other, miscellaneous information that an individual may include in his/her Congressional (constituent) complaint(s) and/or consumer complaints, etc.; and 2. FCC employees: individual's name, home address, home telephone number(s), personal cell phone number(s), FCC employment records, and other miscellaneous, information that a Commission employee may include in a complaint or request. RECORD SOURCE CATEGORIES: The sources for the information in the LMTS are Congressional and Executive Branch correspondence, including attachments, which may include complaints related to telephone, wireless, and cable billing or service; [[Page 56374]] licensing inquiries; or other inquiries on issues under FCC jurisdiction, etc., submitted by constituents (members of the public at large); or personnel actions or complaints from constituents who are FCC employees. ROUTINE USES OF RECORDS MAINTAINED IN THE SYSTEM, INCLUDING CATEGORIES OF USERS AND THE PURPOSES OF SUCH USES: Information about individuals in this system of records may routinely be disclosed under the following conditions: 1. Litigation--Records may be disclosed to the Department of Justice (DOJ) when: (a) the FCC or any component thereof; (b) any employee of the FCC in his or her official capacity; (c) any employee of the FCC in his or her individual capacity where the DOJ or the FCC has agreed to represent the employee; or (d) the United States Government is a party to litigation or has an interest in such litigation, and by careful review, the FCC determines that the records are both relevant and necessary to the litigation, and the use of such records by the Department of Justice is for a purpose that is compatible with the purpose for which the FCC collected the records. 2. Adjudication--Records may be disclosed in a proceeding before a court or adjudicative body, when: (a) the FCC or any component thereof; or (b) any employee of the FCC in his or her official capacity; or (c) any employee of the FCC in his or her individual capacity; or (d) the United States Government, is a party to litigation or has an interest in such litigation, and by careful review, the FCC determines that the records are both relevant and necessary to the litigation, and that the use of such records is for a purpose that is compatible with the purpose for which the agency collected the records. 3. Law Enforcement and Investigation--When the FCC investigates any violation or potential violation of a civil or criminal law, regulation, policy, executed consent decree, order, or any other type of compulsory obligation and determines that a record in this system, either alone or in conjunction with other information, indicates a violation or potential violation of law, regulation, policy, consent decree, order, or other compulsory obligation, the FCC may disclose pertinent information as it deems necessary to the target of an investigation, as well as with the appropriate Federal, State, local, Tribal, international, or multinational agencies, or a component of such an agency, responsible for investigating, prosecuting, enforcing, or implementing a statute, rule, regulation, or order. 4. Government-wide Program Management and Oversight--Information may be disclosed to the Department of Justice (DOJ) to obtain that department's advice regarding disclosure obligations under the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA); or to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) to obtain that office's advice regarding obligations under the Privacy Act. 5. Congressional Inquiries--Information may be provided to a Congressional office in response to an inquiry from that Congressional office made at the written request of the individual to whom the information pertains. 6. Executive Branch Inquiries--Records may be shared with other Federal agencies, including the White House and OMB, to assist individuals whose information is contained in this system. 7. Breach Notification--Records may be disclosed to appropriate agencies, entities, and persons when: (a) The Commission suspects or has confirmed that there has been a breach of the system of records; (b) the Commission has determined that as a result of the suspected or confirmed breach there is a risk of harm to individuals, the Commission (including its information systems, programs, and operations), the Federal Government, or national security; and (c) the disclosure made to such agencies, entities, and persons is reasonably necessary to assist in connection with the Commission's efforts to respond to the suspected or confirmed breach or to prevent, minimize, or remedy such harm. 8. Assistance to Federal Agencies and Entities Related to Breaches--Records may be disclosed to another Federal agency or Federal entity, when the Commission determines that information from this system is reasonably necessary to assist the recipient agency or entity in: (a) responding to a suspected or confirmed breach or (b) preventing, minimizing, or remedying the risk of harm to individuals, the recipient agency or entity (including its information systems, program, and operations), the Federal Government, or national security, resulting from a suspected or confirmed breach. 9. Non-Federal Personnel--Information may be disclosed to non- Federal personnel, including contractors, other vendors (e.g., identity verification services), grantees, and volunteers who have been engaged to assist the FCC in the performance of a service, grant, cooperative agreement, or other activity related to this system of records and who need to have access to the records in order to perform their activity. POLICIES AND PRACTICES FOR STORAGE OF RECORDS: Electronic records in this system reside on the FCC or a vendor's network. POLICIES AND PRACTICES FOR RETRIEVAL OF RECORDS: Information in the LMTS is retrieved by the correspondence log-in file number, Congressional Representative's name, and/or type of complaint, etc. Regardless of the circumstances, OLA always redacts the Social Security Number and birthdate before entering a document into LMTS. Other personally identifiable information (PII) in an attachment may also be redacted prior to filing the correspondence if it is not relevant to the complaint or inquiry. POLICIES AND PRACTICES FOR RETENTION AND DISPOSAL OF RECORDS: The information in this system is maintained and disposed of in accordance with the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) Records Schedules N1-173-92-002, Office of Legislative Affairs Records, and N1-173-96-001, Office of Legislative and Intergovernmental Affairs Records. ADMINISTRATIVE, TECHNICAL, AND PHYSICAL SAFEGUARDS: Electronic records, files, and data are stored within FCC or a vendor's accreditation boundaries and maintained in a database housed in the FCC's or vendor's computer network databases. Access to the electronic files is restricted to authorized employees and contractors; and to IT staff, contractors, and vendors who maintain the IT networks and services. Other employees and contractors may be granted access on a need-to-know basis. The electronic files and records are protected by the FCC and third-party privacy safeguards, a comprehensive and dynamic set of IT safety and security protocols and features that are designed to meet all Federal privacy standards, including those required by the Federal Information Security Modernization Act of 2014 (FISMA), the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). RECORD ACCESS PROCEDURES: Individuals wishing to request access to and/or amendment of records about [[Page 56375]] themselves should follow the Notification Procedures below. CONTESTING RECORD PROCEDURES: Individuals wishing to contest information pertaining to him or her in the system of records should follow the Notification Procedures below. NOTIFICATION PROCEDURES: Individuals wishing to determine whether this system of records contains information about themselves may do so by writing to [email protected]. Individuals requesting record access or amendment must also comply with the FCC's Privacy Act regulations regarding verification of identity as required under 47 CFR part 0, subpart E. EXEMPTIONS PROMULGATED FOR THE SYSTEM: None. HISTORY: 76 FR 23811 (April 28, 2011). Federal Communications Commission. Aleta Bowers, Information Management Specialist, Office of the Secretary. [FR Doc. 2024-15057 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6712-01-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:00.542086

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15060

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56375-56376] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15060] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION [OMB 3060-1058; FR ID 230644] Information Collection Being Reviewed by the Federal Communications Commission AGENCY: Federal Communications Commission. ACTION: Notice and request for comments. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: As part of its continuing effort to reduce paperwork burdens, and as required by the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (PRA), the Federal Communications Commission (FCC or Commission) invites the general public and other Federal agencies to take this opportunity to comment on the following information collection(s). Comments are requested concerning: whether the proposed collection of information is necessary for the proper performance of the functions of the Commission, including whether the information shall have practical utility; the accuracy of the Commission's burden estimate; ways to enhance the quality, utility, and clarity of the information collected; ways to minimize the burden of the collection of information on the respondents, including the use of automated collection techniques or other forms of information technology; and ways to further reduce the information collection burden on small business concerns with fewer than 25 employees. The FCC may not conduct or sponsor a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid Office of Management and Budget (OMB) control number. No person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information subject to the PRA that does not display a valid OMB control number. DATES: Written comments should be submitted on or before September 9, 2024. If you anticipate that you will be submitting comments but find it difficult to do so within the period of time allowed by this notice, you should advise the contacts below as soon as possible. ADDRESSES: Direct all PRA comments to Cathy Williams, FCC, via email to [email protected] and to [email protected]. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: For additional information about the information collection, contact Cathy Williams at (202) 418-2918. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: OMB Control Number: 3060-1058. Title: FCC Application or Notification for Spectrum Leasing Arrangement or Private Commons Arrangement: WTB and PSHS Bureaus. Form Number: FCC Form 608. Type of Review: Revision of a currently approved information collection. Respondents: Individual and households; Businesses or other for- profit entities; State, local, or Tribal government, and Not for profit institutions. Number of Respondents: 1,697 respondents; 1,697 responses. Estimated Time per Response: 0.05 hours-3 hours. Frequency of Response: Recordkeeping requirement, third party disclosure requirement, on occasion reporting requirement, one-time reporting requirement and periodic reporting requirement. Obligation to Respond: Required to obtain or retain benefits. Statutory authority for this information collection is contained in 47 U.S.C. 1, 4(i), 157, 301, 303, 307, 308, 309, and 310 of the Communications Act of 1934, as amended. Total Annual Burden: 2,878 hours. Total Annual Cost: $1,763,375. Needs and Uses: FCC Form 608 is a multi-purpose form. It is used to provide notification or request approval for any spectrum leasing arrangement (``Lease'') entered into between an existing licensee in certain Wireless and/or Public Safety Radio Services and a spectrum lessee. This form also is required to notify or request approval for any spectrum subleasing arrangement (``Sublease''). The data collected on the form is used by the FCC to determine whether the public interest would be served by the Lease or Sublease. The form is also used to provide notification for any Private Commons Arrangement entered into between a licensee, lessee, or sublessee and a class of third-party users (as defined in Section 1.9080 of the Commission's Rules). The Commission is revising this form to collect information in order to confirm that satellite service operators and terrestrial service providers who seek to enter lease agreements in order to offer supplemental coverage from space (SCS) do so in compliance with the rules that govern SCS operations. On March 15, 2024, the Commission released a Report and Order and Further Notice of Proposed Rulemaking in GN Docket No. 23-65 and IB Docket No. 22-271, FCC 24-28, which adds new section 1.9047(d)(2) to the Commission's rules requiring the spectrum lessee or sublessee seeking to engage in spectrum leasing under this section to provide certain information within the Commission Form 608 when seeking a leasing agreement to provide SCS. Applicants will file Form 608 into the Commission's Universal Licensing System (ULS) database. The Commission anticipates that SCS will enable consumers in areas not covered by terrestrial networks to be connected using their existing devices via satellite-based communications. SCS is a crucial component of the Commission's vision for a ``single network future,'' in which satellite and terrestrial networks work seamlessly together to provide coverage that neither network can achieve on its own. In order to ensure that prospective SCS operators will be able to comply with the applicable rules, that the public interest will be served by granting their applications, and that harmful interference will be avoided to the greatest extent possible thereafter, the Commission seeks approval to collect the following information from prospective SCS spectrum lessees. The Commission has adopted new requirements in its part 1 rules that obligate lessees to provide the following on FCC Form 608: a certification that they are entering a leasing agreement in order to provide SCS; a description of the type of permitted arrangement the parties will enter (e.g., is there a single terrestrial licensee or multiple terrestrial licensees that together hold the required [[Page 56376]] licenses); and, if there are multiple terrestrial licensees, a further description of the leasing arrangement and explanation of how those licensees together hold all of the relevant licenses in a particular geographically dependent area (GIA). Entities completing FCC Form 608 for the purposes of providing SCS must also indicate that the application is for SCS by checking a box on Form 608. This information collection is designed to allow Commission staff to carry out its statutory duties to regulate satellite communications in the public interest; namely, to ensure that prospective providers of SCS will operate in compliance with the applicable regulatory framework. This process utilizes an existing Commission form, which will remove confusion by employing the procedures that are already in place. The modifications for Form 608 covered herein will enable the Commission to more accurately track filings related to the provision of SCS, a critical component of application review given the interplay between part 1 lease filings and part 25 license applications inherent in the SCS framework. This is especially crucial where multiple entities together hold all co-channel licenses in a particular band throughout a geographically independent area (GIA) and wish to deploy a leasing agreement with a satellite operator to provide SCS. Such arrangements are only permitted in the circumstances described in section 1.9047(d)(1)(ii)(A)-(B); specifically, the Commission must be able to confirm that the multiple licensees in fact cover the entirety of the GIA in question and that, when reviewing related part 25 license applications, the entire area of the proposed service is covered by the associated leases. This collection will thereby enable the Commission to monitor and enforce the entry criteria that SCS providers must satisfy, and which are designed to minimize the possibility of harmful interference. Finally, the collection will play a critical role in the Commission's effort to review and track leasing arrangements that will result in entities providing SCS. Federal Communications Commission. Aleta Bowers, Information Management Specialist, Office of the Secretary. [FR Doc. 2024-15060 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 6712-01-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:00.586431

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15016

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56376-56382] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15016] ======================================================================= ----------------------------------------------------------------------- GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE Notice of Estimated Lump Sum Catch-Up Payments to Eligible 1983 Beirut Barracks Bombing Victims and 1996 Khobar Towers Bombing Victims and Planned Methodology; Request for Comment AGENCY: U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO). ACTION: Notice of estimated lump sum catch-up payments and planned methodology; request for comment. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: GAO is now accepting comments on proposed lump sum catch-up payments to certain 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and certain 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims who have submitted eligible applications for payment to the United States Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Fund. GAO is publishing this notice pursuant to the requirements of the Fairness for 9/11 Families Act. Comments should be sent to the email address below. DATES: Interested persons are invited to submit comments on or before August 8, 2024. ADDRESSES: Submit comments to gao.gov">[email protected] or by U.S. mail to Ms. Triana McNeil at 441 G Street NW, Washington, DC 20548. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: David Lutter, at 202-512-7500 or gao.gov">[email protected], if you need additional information. For general information, contact GAO's Office of Public Affairs, 202-512-4800. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background Pursuant to section 101 of the Fairness for 9/11 Families Act (Fairness Act), GAO is conducting a review and publishing a notice of proposed lump sum catch-up payments to certain 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims \1\ and certain 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims \2\ who have submitted eligible applications to the United States Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Fund (Fund), on or after December 29, 2022, and by June 27, 2023.\3\ On December 28, 2023, GAO published a notice (88 FR 89693) of our methodology for estimating certain lump sum catch-up payments. In this notice, we are providing a summary of comments and our responses to comments on the December notice, our revised proposed methodology, and the estimated amount needed to provide lump sum catch-up payments to certain 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and certain 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims who have submitted eligible applications for payment to the Fund, and we are accepting comments on updates to our planned methodology. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ For the purposes of this analysis and consistent with the Fairness Act, ``1983 Beirut barracks bombing victim'' means ``a plaintiff, or estate or successor in interest thereof, who has an eligible claim [to the Fund] that arises out of the October 23, 1983, bombing of the United States Marine Corps barracks in Beirut, Lebanon; and includes a plaintiff, estate, or successor in interest [ ] who is a judgment creditor [in] Peterson v. Islamic Republic of Iran [ ] or a Settling Judgment Creditor as identified in the order dated May 27, 2014, [in] In Re 650 Fifth Avenue & Related Properties.'' 34 U.S.C. 20144(j)(15). \2\ The term ``1996 Khobar Towers bombing victim'' means ``a plaintiff, or estate or successor in interest thereof, who has an eligible claim [to the Fund] that arises out of the June 25, 1996 bombing of the Khobar Tower housing complex in Saudi Arabia; and includes a plaintiff, estate, or successor in interest [ ] who is a judgment creditor [in] Peterson v. Islamic Republic of Iran [ ] or a Settling Judgment Creditor as identified in the order dated May 27, 2014, [in] In Re 650 Fifth Avenue & Related Properties.'' 34 U.S.C. 20144(j)(16). \3\ Public Law 117-328, div. MM, sec. 101(b)(3)(B)(iii), 136 Stat. 4459, 6108-6109 (pertinent portion codified at 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(4)(D)). Section 101 directs us to estimate catch-up payments for those who submitted eligible applications to the Fund between the date of enactment (Dec. 29, 2022), and June 27, 2023, which is the date by which claimants must have applied to the Fund to be considered for catch-up payments. We refer to this time frame, Dec. 29, 2022 through June 27, 2023, as the ``statutory application time frame'' throughout the remainder of this notice. In general, the deadline for submitting a claim to the Fund is not later than 90 days after obtaining a final judgment. However, the Fairness Act established a new application period for all 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims awarded final judgments before Dec. 29, 2022, providing that these victims had 180 days from the date of enactment of the Fairness Act (June 27, 2023) to submit an application for payment to the Fund. Public Law 117- 328, 136 Stat. at 6106-6107 (pertinent portion codified at 34 U.S.C. 20144(c)(3)(A)(ii)). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Fund, which is administered by a Special Master and supported by Department of Justice (DOJ) personnel,\4\ was established in 2015 by the Justice for United States Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Act (Victims Act).\5\ For purposes of the Fund, the term ``claim'' generally refers to a claim based on compensatory damages awarded to a United States person in a qualifying final judgment.\6\ These judgments are issued by a United States district court under state or federal law against a foreign state that was designated as a state sponsor of terrorism at the time certain acts of international terrorism occurred or was so designated as a result of such acts, [[Page 56377]] and arising from acts of international terrorism.\7\ In general, a claim is determined eligible for payment from the Fund if the Special Master determines that the judgment holder (referred to as a ``claimant'') is a United States person, that the claim at issue meets the definition of claim above, and that the application for payment was submitted timely.\8\ As of January 2023, the Fund has allocated to eligible claimants approximately $3.4 billion in four payment rounds, which were distributed in 2017, 2019, 2020, and 2023. Claimants in these four payment rounds included 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims.\9\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \4\ See 34 U.S.C. 20144(b)(1). \5\ Public Law 114-113, div. O, tit. IV, sec. 404, 129 Stat. 2242, 3007-3017 (codified as amended at 34 U.S.C. 20144). \6\ 34 U.S.C. 20144(c)(2). \7\ 34 U.S.C. 20144(c)(2). \8\ 34 U.S.C. 20144(c)(1). All decisions made by the Special Master with regard to compensation from the Fund are final and generally not subject to administrative or judicial review. See 34 U.S.C. 20144(b)(3). A claimant whose claim is denied in whole or in part by the Special Master may request a hearing before the Special Master not later than 30 days after receipt of a written decision. Id. 20144(b)(4)(A). Not later than 90 days after any such hearing, the Special Master must issue a final written decision affirming or amending the original decision, and that written decision is final and nonreviewable. Id. 20144(b)(4)(B). \9\ According to Fund data, 12 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims or 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims were eligible for Fund payment for the first time in round 1, 141 in round 2, 423 in round 3, and 708 in round 4. Claimants continue to receive payment in future rounds, so the numbers of claimants receiving payment in rounds two, three, and four are cumulative. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Additionally, at the time the Fund was established, the law allowed plaintiffs in two identified lawsuits, Peterson v. Islamic Republic of Iran (Peterson) and In Re 650 Fifth Avenue and Related Properties \10\ to elect to participate in the Fund and irrevocably assign all rights, title, and interest in the actions for the purposes of participating in the Fund.\11\ Plaintiffs in these actions who did not elect to participate in the Fund were also permitted to submit an application for conditional payment from the Fund in which payment amounts would be determined and set aside, pending a final determination in these actions.\12\ In the event that a final judgment was entered in favor of the plaintiffs in the Peterson action and funds were distributed, the payments allocated to claimants who applied for a conditional payment were to be considered void, and any funds previously allocated to such conditional payments be made available and distributed to all other eligible claimants.\13\ A final judgment in favor of plaintiffs in Peterson was entered, appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit, and ultimately affirmed by the United States Supreme Court on April 20, 2016.\14\ Distributions to the judgment creditor plaintiffs in Peterson commenced on October 19, 2016.\15\ Accordingly, conditional claimants who were judgment creditors in Peterson did not receive award payments from the Fund, and the Fund did not include them in award calculations in 2017 for the first round of payments or subsequent payment rounds.\16\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \10\ Peterson v. Islamic Republic of Iran, No. 10 Civ. 4518 (S.D.N.Y.) and In Re 650 Fifth Avenue and Related Properties, No. 08 Civ. 10934 (S.D.N.Y. filed Dec. 17, 2008). \11\ Public Law 114-113, 129 Stat. at 3013 (pertinent portion codified at 34 U.S.C. 20144(e)(2)(B)(iii)). \12\ Public Law 114-113, 129 Stat. at 3013-3014 (pertinent portion codified at 34 U.S.C. 20144(e)(2)(B)(iv)). \13\ Public Law 114-113, 129 Stat. at 3014 (pertinent portion codified at 34 U.S.C. 20144(e)(2)(B)(iv)(II)(bb)). \14\ See Bank Markazi aka Central Bank of Iran v. Peterson, 578 U.S. 212 (2016); U.S. Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Fund, ``Supplemental Report from the Special Master,'' at 6 (August 2017). \15\ U.S. Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Fund, ``Supplemental Report from the Special Master,'' at 6 (August 2017). \16\ Id. There were 78 conditional claimants who were Peterson judgment creditors. Id. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Victims Act outlines minimum payments requirements in which any applicant with an eligible claim who has received, or is entitled or scheduled to receive, any payment that is equal to, or in excess of, 30 percent of the total compensatory damages owed on the applicant's claim from any source other than the Fund \17\ shall not receive any payment from the Fund until all other eligible applicants generally have received from the Fund an amount equal to 30 percent of the compensatory damages awarded to those applicants pursuant to their final judgments (referred to as the ``30 percent rule'').\18\ The Fairness Act amended the Victims Act to provide that the minimum payments requirements include the total amount received by applicants who are 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims or 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims as a result of or in connection with Peterson or In Re 650 Fifth Avenue and Related Properties. It further provides that any such applicant who has received or is entitled or scheduled to receive 30 percent or more of such applicant's compensatory damages judgment as a result of or in connection with such proceedings shall not receive any payment from the Fund, except as consistent with minimum payments requirements or as part of a lump sum catch-up payment under section 101 of the Fairness Act.\19\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \17\ The statute requires that as part of the procedures to apply and establish eligibility for payment, the Special Master must require applicants to provide the Special Master with information regarding compensation from any source other than this Fund that the claimant (or, in the case of a personal representative, the victim's beneficiaries) has received or is entitled or scheduled to receive as a result of the act of international terrorism that gave rise to a claimant's final judgment, including information identifying the amount, nature, and source of such compensation. Public Law 114-113, 129 Stat. at 3008 (pertinent portion codified at 34 U.S.C. 20144(b)(2)(B)). Those procedures require applicants to provide information and documentation regarding the amount, nature, and source of any payment they received or are entitled or scheduled to receive, and state that applicants must update that information throughout the period of the Fund. ``Justice for United States Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Act,'' 81 FR 45535, 45538 (July 14, 2016). \18\ Public Law 114-113, 129 Stat. at 3011 (pertinent portion codified at 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(3)(B)(i)). \19\ Public Law 117-328, 136 Stat. at 6107 (pertinent portion codified at 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(3)(B)(iii)). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Section 101 of the Fairness Act contains a provision for GAO to conduct an audit and publish a notice of proposed lump sum catch-up payments for 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims who submitted eligible applications to the Fund during the statutory application time frame (December 29, 2022, and by June 27, 2023).\20\ This section also established a lump sum catch-up payment reserve fund within the Fund and appropriated $3 billion to this reserve fund.\21\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \20\ Public Law 117-328, 136 Stat. at 6108 (pertinent portion codified at 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(4)(D)(i)). As discussed in footnote 3, section 101 directs us to estimate lump sum catch-up payments for those who submitted eligible applications to the Fund between the date of enactment (Dec. 29, 2022) and June 27, 2023, which is the date the application period closed for catch-up payments. See Public Law 117-328, 136 Stat. at 6106-6107 (pertinent portion codified at 34 U.S.C. 20144(c)(3)(A)(ii)). GAO's methodology for the estimation of lump sum catch-up payments is only for the purposes of carrying out the provisions directed to the Comptroller General under the Fairness Act. \21\ Public Law 117-328, 136 Stat. at 6108-6109 (pertinent portion codified at 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(4)(D)(iv)). Additionally, not earlier than 90 days and not later than 1 year after submission of the report that is to follow this notice, the Special Master is to authorize lump sum catch-up payments from the reserve fund in amounts equal to those estimated by GAO. 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(4)(D)(iv)(II). Not later than 1 year after the Special Master disburses all lump sum catch-up payments from the reserve fund the reserve fund is to terminate; all amounts remaining in the reserve fund in excess of proposed lump sum catch-up payments shall be deposited into the Fund. 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(4)(D)(iv)(IV). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- We published our initial planned methodology for comment on December 28, 2023 (88 FR 89693). We are now publishing for comment our updated planned methodology for estimating lump sum catch-up payments pursuant to section 101 of the Fairness Act for eligible 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers [[Page 56378]] bombing victims in ``amounts that, after receiving the lump sum catch- up payments, would result in the percentage of the claims of such victims received from the Fund being equal to the percentage of the claims of non-9/11 victims of state sponsored terrorism received from the Fund, as of December 29, 2022.'' \22\ The language used in section 101 to describe the percentage resulting from the receipt of lump sum catch-up payments for 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims is equivalent to the language in the Sudan Claims Resolution Act, which directed us to estimate lump sum catch-up payments to 9/11 victims, spouses, and dependents.\23\ Section 101 further provides for GAO to conduct this audit in accordance with 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(3)(A), which requires that distributions be made ``on a pro rata basis, based on the amounts outstanding and unpaid on eligible claims, until such amounts have been paid in full or the Fund is closed.'' \24\ Additionally, 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(3)(A) places limits on the amount of eligible claims (referred to as ``individual and family statutory caps'').\25\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \22\ 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(4)(D)(i). The Fairness Act required GAO, by Dec. 28, 2023, to conduct an audit and publish a notice in the Federal Register. The act further required GAO to provide a 30-day period for public comment and to submit a report to congressional committees and the Special Master not later than 30 days after the expiration of the comment period. Id. 20144(d)(4)(D)(ii)-(iii). We acknowledge that we did not meet the date identified in the statute for submitting a report to congressional committees and the Special Master. We also acknowledge that the Fairness Act does not contain a provision for GAO to publish a second Federal Register notice on this topic. We believe that we need to issue this notice to ensure an accurate and transparent methodology for claimants to receive the correct amounts of lump sum catch-up payments. In response to the first Federal Register notice, we received numerous comments that raised disparate and considered views, and it is critical that we fully consider and address them. In addition, this second notice considers certain claimant data that were not available in December 2023 when we issued the first notice to meet the date required by the Fairness Act. \23\ See Public Law 116-260, div. FF, tit. XVII, sec. 1705(b)(2), 134 Stat. 1182, 3293-3294 (pertinent portion codified at 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(4)(C)(i) (``[T]he Comptroller General of the United States shall conduct an audit and publish in the Federal Register a notice of proposed lump sum catch-up payments to 9/11 victims, 9/11 spouses, and 9/11 dependents who have submitted applications in accordance with subparagraph (B) in amounts that, after receiving the lump sum catch-up payments, would result in the percentage of the claims of 9/11 victims, 9/11 spouses, and 9/11 dependents received from the Fund being equal to the percentage of the claims of 9/11 family members received from the Fund, as of December 27, 2020.'')). \24\ See 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(3)(A)(i) (requiring the division of funds on a pro rata basis, subject to minimum payments provisions in 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(3)(B) and limitations in 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(3)(A)(ii)). \25\ 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(3)(A)(ii). For example, for individuals, the cap is $20,000,000 and for claims of non-9/11 family members when aggregated, the cap is $35,000,000. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Summary of Comments GAO received a total of 319 comments by the closing date of January 29, 2024. GAO received 310 comments from individuals and 9 comments from law firms representing victims of state-sponsored terrorism.\26\ GAO received 316 comments by email; the remaining 3 comments were received in voicemails or letters. In general, comments from individuals were from 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims, 9/11 victims and their family members, and Members of Congress; \27\ and comments from law firms were from attorneys representing 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \26\ GAO counted comments received multiple times with the same content and sender as one comment. \27\ We received a comment letter signed by three Members of Congress. According to the comment letter, they are members of the United States Senate who worked on the Fairness Act and on S. 5156, the Fairness for American Victims of State-Sponsored Terrorism Act (which later became the catch-up payment provision in the Fairness Act). The Members of Congress provided comments stating their views that all eligible claimants should be referred to GAO from the Special Master, GAO should use the Fund's payment percentage for purposes of lump sum catch-up payments, and GAO should exclude offsets from claimants' net eligible claims. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- GAO has carefully considered all comments received. Below is a summary of the types of comments GAO received and GAO's responses.\28\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \28\ Some comments fell into multiple categories and are included in all applicable categories. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Equity Issues Related to U.S. Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Fund and Lump Sum Catch-Up Payments Some comments expressed concern with certain groups of victims within the Fund being prioritized and stated that all victims should be treated equally and fairly. Some commenters also stated that since 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims were never excluded from the Fund, they should not receive catch-up payments. GAO Response: Section 101 of the Fairness Act includes a provision for GAO to conduct an audit and publish a notice of proposed lump sum catch-up payments for 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims who submitted eligible applications to the Fund during the statutory application time frame. As such, GAO is carrying out the processes directed by that provision and is not otherwise taking a position with respect to who should receive lump sum catch-up payments. Eligibility Criteria for a Lump Sum Catch-Up Payment GAO received comments regarding the eligibility criteria for a lump sum catch-up payment. Many of the comments on this topic related to the timing of applications to the Fund by 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims. Specifically, commenters raised issues related to prior applicants to the Fund who either withdrew their prior applications or were already deemed eligible claimants by the Fund, and reapplied within the statutory application time frame. One group of commenters stated that applicants who withdrew prior applications and subsequently reapplied to the Fund within the statutory application time frame should be considered ineligible for a lump sum catch-up payment, describing them as ``late filers.'' A second group of commenters who submitted a comment letter stated that claimants who applied to the Fund previously, as conditional claimants or otherwise, and then subsequently applied to the Fund within the statutory application time frame should be eligible for a lump sum catch-up payment. These commenters stated that section 101 of the Fairness Act does not prohibit successive applications or further define the term ``application'' in a way that would disqualify claimants who previously applied to the Fund and then applied subsequently within the statutory application time frame. Some commenters also raised concerns that the Fund had administratively closed claimants' applications, or did not permit claimants to apply under the Fund's procedures.\29\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \29\ According to Fund officials, the Fund administratively closed applications submitted by claimants previously found eligible because it cannot and does not accept successive or duplicate applications. See ``Justice for United States Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Act,'' 81 FR 45535, 45537 (July 14, 2016) (stating that ``[o]nly one application may be submitted for each claim''). On Feb. 7, 2023, during the statutory application time frame, the Fund updated the frequently asked questions section of its website, adding language that 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims ``who are not eligible for lump sum catch-up payments under the Fairness Act, such as USVSST Fund claimants previously found eligible, may still be eligible for compensation in the USVSST Fund's other statutory distributions.'' U.S. Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Fund, Frequently Asked Questions, https://www.usvsst.com/Home/Faq (last accessed June 25, 2024) (Frequently Asked Question (FAQ) 7.3 Which 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims are included in the Fairness Act's lump sum catch-up payment provision and how do these victims file a claim with the USVSST Fund?). Further, on July 28, 2023, the Fund updated FAQ 7.1 What are lump sum catch-up payments? and FAQ 7.3 to add language stating that ``[e]ach claimant has one claim before the USVSST Fund for all compensation, including lump sum catch-up payments. The USVSST Fund cannot accept duplicative filings.'' According to Fund officials, claimants may have refrained from filing an application after contacting the Fund or reviewing the application procedures based on the advice received from their counsel or the Fund. For good cause shown, the Special Master may grant a claimant a reasonable extension of the section 20144(c)(3)(A)(ii)(II) deadline. 34 U.S.C. 20144(c)(3)(B) (applying to deadlines under (c)(3), as enacted by the Victims Act, Public Law 114-113, 129 Stat. at 3010). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- [[Page 56379]] GAO Response: GAO's view is that the provision for lump sum catch- up payments in section 101 of the Fairness Act does not disqualify claimants who previously applied to the Fund and then subsequently applied within the statutory application time frame.\30\ The Comptroller General's mandate to determine amounts of lump sum catch-up payments does not state that successive applications cannot be submitted for lump sum catch-up payments, and we do not read such a prohibition in the related provision regarding the deadline for application submission.\31\ Accordingly, we are updating our methodology to include all eligible 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims who submitted an application to the Fund within the statutory application time frame, including those who submitted successive applications to the Fund.\32\ In accordance with section 101 of the Fairness Act, we will not include claimants who did not have a final judgment awarded as of the date of enactment of the Fairness Act and will not include claimants who did not submit an application to the Fund within the statutory application time frame.\33\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \30\ GAO's view is for purposes of implementing the Comptroller General's responsibilities under 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(4)(D)(i)-(iii) to conduct an audit and calculate amounts for the Special Master to allocate lump sum catch-up payments. \31\ See 34 U.S.C. 20144(c)(3)(A)(ii)(II); 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(4)(D)(i) (conditioning eligibility for lump sum catch-up payments on those individuals filing applications for payment between Dec. 29, 2022, and June 27, 2023). Interpreting the statute in this way also aligns with another provision of the Fairness Act, related to litigation involving certain 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers victims. See Public Law 117-328, 136 Stat. at 6109 (pertinent portion codified at 34 U.S.C. 20144(e)(2)(B)(v) (providing that statutory provisions regarding elections by plaintiffs in Peterson v. Islamic Republic of Iran and In Re 650 Fifth Avenue and Related Properties shall not apply with respect to 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers victims who submit an application during the statutory application time frame)). \32\ This includes claimants who, within the statutory application time frame, submitted applications to the Fund, including those who submitted a letter to the Fund expressing the claimants' intent to apply for lump sum catch-up payments, regardless of a previous determination of eligibility by the Fund or administrative closure of their applications. As discussed in further detail below, this comprises 512 claimants (which includes 78 conditional claimants who were Peterson judgment creditors). \33\ Section 101 of the Fairness Act requires that applications be submitted on or after Dec. 29, 2022, and by June 27, 2023. In contrast, the Sudan Claims Resolution Act provided 9/11 victims, spouses, and dependents 90 days from the date of enactment to submit an application for a payment. Public Law 116-260, 134 Stat. at 3293- 3294 (pertinent portion codified at 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(4)(C)(i)). Therefore, GAO could calculate lump sum catch-up payments for 9/11 victims, spouses, and dependents who submitted applications to the Fund prior to the date of enactment of the Sudan Claims Resolution Act, while GAO cannot calculate lump sum catch-up payments to 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims unless they have submitted an application during the 180-day period from the date of enactment of the Fairness Act. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Support for GAO's Percentage Calculation Methodology Comments received expressed support for GAO's percentage calculation methodology as described in our December 28, 2023, notice (88 FR 89693). These commenters noted that the methodology we outlined was the same formula used to calculate the 9/11 lump sum catch-up payments, and also noted that since the relevant statutory language for that calculation and this calculation are identical, they find this approach appropriate. These commenters also generally stated that employing a different formula or methodology would potentially give prioritization or preferential treatment to one group of victims over another. GAO's Response: We agree that the language used in section 101 of the Fairness Act to describe the percentage that we are to calculate to estimate lump sum catch-up payments for 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims is equivalent to the language in the Sudan Claims Resolution Act, which directed us to estimate lump sum catch-up payments to 9/11 victims, spouses, and dependents.\34\ Thus, we plan to use the same methodology that we used to calculate ``GAO's percentage calculation'' for the 9/11 lump sum catch-up payments for this population. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \34\ Compare 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(4)(D)(i) (``in amounts that, after receiving the lump sum catch-up payments, would result in the percentage of the claims of such victims received from the Fund being equal to the percentage of the claims of non-9/11 victims of state sponsored terrorism received from the Fund, as of December 29, 2022''), with 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(4)(C)(i) (``in amounts that, after receiving the lump sum catch-up payments, would result in the percentage of the claims of 9/11 victims, 9/11 spouses, and 9/11 dependents received from the Fund being equal to the percentage of the claims of 9/11 family members received from the Fund, as of December 27, 2020.''). The Fairness Act directed the Special Master to authorize lump sum catch-up payments to 9/11 victims, spouses, and dependents in amounts equal to those previously estimated by GAO and appropriated funds for that purpose. Public Law 117-328, 136 Stat. at 6107; GAO, U.S. Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Fund: Estimated Lump Sum Catch-Up Payments, GAO-21-105306 (Aug. 11, 2021). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Request To Use the Fund's Payment Percentage GAO received comments about the use of the Fund's payment percentage for our estimation of lump sum catch-up payments. For example, commenters suggested that GAO add the payment percentages calculated by the Fund in the first through fourth rounds to determine the percentage needed for catch-up payments.\35\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \35\ The Fund's ``payment percentage'' is the amount of funds available to pay all eligible claimants in a given round divided by compensatory damages after accounting for the individual and family statutory caps, compensation from other sources, and prior payments from the Fund. The payment percentage for the initial round of payments was 13.6561 percent (generally rounded to 13.66 percent in USVSST Fund communications). The payment percentage for the second round of payments was 4.1955 percent (rounded to 4.2 percent in USVSST Fund communications). The payment percentage for non-9/11- related claimants in the third round of payments was 5.8385 percent (rounded to 5.84 percent in USVSST Fund communications). The non-9/ 11-related payment percentage for the fourth round was 0.4047 percent (rounded to 0.4 percent in USVSST Fund communications). The payment percentage total for all four rounds is 24.0948 percent, rounded here to 24 percent. See U.S. Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Fund, ``Payment Calculation Explanation for Non-9/11- Related Claims,'' at 5 (December 2022). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- GAO's Response: Section 101 of the Fairness Act calls for GAO to estimate lump sum catch-up payments ``in amounts that, after receiving the lump sum catch-up payments, would result in the percentage of the claims of such victims received from the Fund being equal to the percentage of the claims of non-9/11 victims of state sponsored terrorism received from the Fund, as of December 29, 2022.'' \36\ Consistent with our approach pursuant to equivalent language in the Sudan Claims Resolution Act and outlined in a prior notice (86 FR 31312, June 11, 2021) and report,\37\ GAO estimated the amount needed to provide lump sum catch-up payments to 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims who submitted [[Page 56380]] potentially eligible applications within the statutory application time frame in an equal percentage to that of the payments that have been made to non-9/11 claimants in the Fund's first three payment rounds.\38\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \36\ 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(4)(D)(i). \37\ GAO, U.S. Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Fund: Estimated Lump Sum Catch-Up Payments, GAO-21-105306 (Aug. 11, 2021) (see Enclosure II for further discussion of the Fund's payment percentage and GAO's percentage calculation). \38\ We did not include the Fund's fourth payment round because, according to the Fund, it did not begin issuing fourth-round payments until Jan. 4, 2023, after the Fairness Act was enacted. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- We note that there are key differences in how the Fund calculated its payment percentage and how GAO calculated the percentage of lump sum catch-up payments for 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims. In particular, the Fund and GAO calculated percentages in different ways to fulfill distinct purposes. The Fund's mission in each payment round is to distribute the available money in the Fund--a known amount--among Fund claimants. Section 101 of the Fairness Act, however, directs GAO to estimate the amount of money that is needed to catch up eligible 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims in an equal percentage to that of the payments that have been made to non-9/11 claimants in the Fund's first three payment rounds.\39\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \39\ See our methodology section below for more details of the calculation of the GAO percentage. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Offsetting Eligible Claims With Compensation From Other Sources for Lump Sum Catch-Up Payments GAO received comments regarding our planned approach of estimating two amounts in this notice: (1) the total amount needed to provide lump sum catch-up payments to potentially eligible 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims based on these victims' net eligible claims; and (2) the total amount needed to provide lump sum catch-up payments to potentially eligible 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims based on these victims' net eligible claims offset by compensation from other sources. Some commenters advocated for the final lump sum catch-up payment estimates provided by GAO to be offset by compensation from other sources for this population. These commenters stated that the statute governing the Fund and section 101 of the Fairness Act support an approach that is based on an individual's unpaid compensatory damages claim, which is an applicant's claim value after moneys received from sources other than the Fund are deducted. These commenters also noted that certain 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims have received compensation from other sources that are to be offset by the Fund pursuant to the statute governing the Fund.\40\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \40\ See 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(3)(A)(i). These commenters stated that while the Fairness Act explicitly exempts 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims from the 30 percent rule for the purposes of receiving a lump sum catch-up payment, the statute governing the Fund still requires that their total compensatory damages be offset of the moneys they have already received or are scheduled to receive. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- In contrast, other commenters advocated for the final lump sum catch-up payment estimates provided by GAO to not be offset by compensation from other sources for this population. These commenters stated that section 101 of the Fairness Act's use of the phrase ``received from the Fund'' should be read to modify the employment of 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(3)(A) such that claims should not be offset other than from amounts received from the Fund. These commenters acknowledged 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(3)(A)(i) provides that payments should be ``based on the amounts outstanding and unpaid on eligible claims,'' but stated that this language does not apply to catch-up payments because the focus of the directive to GAO is on amounts received from the Fund. They further stated that the exemption for eligible 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims from the 30 percent rule for the purposes of receiving a lump sum catch-up payment indicates congressional intent that, for the purposes of these catch-up payments, the normal Fund rules offsetting payments should not apply. Some commenters also raised concerns about GAO's planned approach of estimating two amounts and that GAO should provide only one estimated amount. GAO's Response: Section 101 of the Fairness Act requires GAO to conduct this audit ``in accordance with clauses (i) and (ii) of [34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(3)(A)].'' Consistent with our prior lump sum catch-up payment calculation for 9/11 victims, spouses, and dependents, and in accordance with clause (ii) of 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(3)(A), we plan to estimate lump sum catch-up payments for this population using their ``net eligible claims,'' \41\ that is, the amount of their claims after the application of individual and family statutory caps.\42\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \41\ For the purposes of our analysis, ``net eligible claims'' refers to the monetary amount of all eligible claims after the application of individual and family statutory caps. 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(3)(A)(ii). \42\ 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(3)(A)(ii). For example, for individuals, the cap is $20,000,000 and for claims of non-9/11 family members when aggregated, the cap is $35,000,000. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Section 101 also requires us to conduct our work in accordance with clause (i) of 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(3)(A), which requires that payments be made ``based on the amounts outstanding and unpaid on eligible claims.'' In order to give effect to this provision, compensatory damages from other sources received by the claimant under their final judgment must be subtracted to produce the amount ``outstanding and unpaid'' on their claims. In our prior work, we did not offset eligible 9/11 victims, spouses, and dependents' net eligible claims with compensation from other sources because that population did not have qualifying compensation from other sources.\43\ Since certain 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims do have qualifying compensation from other sources, our reading of section 101's directive for us to conduct our work in accordance with clause (i) of 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(3)(A) requires us to offset their net eligible claims by the amounts paid on eligible claims in the final lump sum catch-up payment estimates provided in our report.\44\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \43\ See 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(3)(A)(i)(III), (d)(3)(B). \44\ This provision is different than the minimum payments provisions in 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(3)(B), under which any applicant with an eligible claim who has received, or is entitled or scheduled to receive, any payment that is equal to, or in excess of, 30 percent of the total compensatory damages owed to such applicant on the applicant's claim from any source other than the Fund shall not receive any payment from the Fund until such time as all other eligible applicants have received from the Fund an amount equal to 30 percent of the covered compensatory damages awarded to those applicants. See 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(3)(A)(i) (``Except as provided in subparagraph (B) [minimum payments provisions] and subject to the limitations described in clause (ii) [individual and family statutory caps], the Special Master shall carry out paragraph (1), by . . . further dividing the funds allocated to non-9/11 related victims of state sponsored terrorism on a pro rata basis, based on the amounts outstanding and unpaid on eligible claims, until such amounts have been paid in full or the Fund is closed.''). The Fairness Act added a new provision, codified at 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(3)(B)(iii), stating that compensatory damages received or entitled or scheduled to be received by an applicant who is a 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victim or a 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victim as a result of or in connection with Peterson or In Re 650 Fifth Avenue and Related Properties are excepted for purposes of lump sum catch-up payments. In using the term ``offsets,'' we refer to compensation from sources other than the Fund for the purposes of applying clause (i) of 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(3)(A) and the minimum payments provisions. GAO's view is for purposes of implementing the Comptroller General's responsibilities under 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(4)(D)(i)-(iii) to conduct an audit and calculate amounts for the Special Master to allocate lump sum catch-up payments. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- In light of the language of clause (i) of 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(3)(A), the comments [[Page 56381]] we received on this issue, and concerns by some commenters about our approach of providing two amounts, we will provide in this notice one estimate: the total amount needed to provide lump sum catch-up payments to potentially eligible 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims based on these victims' net eligible claims offset by compensation from other sources. Methodology To Produce Estimates for Lump Sum Catch-Up Payments To estimate the amount(s) called for in section 101, GAO used the following data from the Fund: (1) payments from the Fund received by non-9/11 claimants in the first through third payment rounds; \45\ (2) net eligible claims \46\ of these non-9/11 claimants; (3) compensation from other sources received by these non-9/11 claimants; \47\ (4) net eligible claims \48\ of the 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims who submitted eligible applications to the Fund within the statutory application time frame (between December 29, 2022, and June 27, 2023); \49\ and (5) compensation from other sources received by the 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims who submitted eligible applications to the Fund within the statutory application time frame.\50\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \45\ As discussed in footnote 9, this includes some 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims who were eligible for payment from the Fund in prior rounds. We did not include in this group 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims who did not receive any payment in the first through third payment rounds. We used this information to help us identify the percentage of claims of non-9/11 victims of state sponsored terrorism received from the Fund, as of the Fairness Act's enactment date (Dec. 29, 2022). See 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(4)(D)(i). Given this reference to the act's enactment date, we omitted fourth- round payments from the calculation of the payment percentage because non-9/11 victims of state sponsored terrorism received them after that date. The Fund notified eligible claimants of their fourth-round payment amounts on Dec. 30, 2022, and began issuing the fourth-round payments on a rolling basis on Jan. 4, 2023, after the Fairness Act was enacted. U.S. Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Fund, ``Special Master's Report Regarding the Fourth Distribution,'' at 3 (January 2023). \46\ For the purposes of our analysis, ``net eligible claims'' refers to the monetary amount of all eligible claims after the application of individual and family statutory caps by the Fund, if applicable. 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(3)(A)(ii). \47\ Not all compensation from other sources is necessarily offset against claimants' net eligible claims. When referring to ``compensation from other sources'' for purposes of our methodology and estimates, we are referring to compensation from other sources that the Fund would offset from its awards under its calculation methodology, which the Fund provided to GAO. \48\ As of March 2024, data from the Fund on the claim amounts after the application of individual and family statutory caps (``net eligible claims'') for 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims who are potentially eligible for lump sum catch-up payments were not available for new applicants to the Fund. This is because these new claimants have not been included in a payment distribution that would require the application of individual and family statutory caps by the Fund. GAO used Fund methodology to apply the individual and family statutory caps to these claims. See U.S. Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Fund, Payment Calculation Explanation for Non-9/11-Related Claims at 2-3 (December 2022). Before applying the $35 million family statutory cap, we first treated any individual claim that exceeded the $20 million individual statutory cap as $20 million. For purposes of the $35 million family statutory cap, GAO summed individual claims for those claims that indicated a family relationship in the data by a family identification number. Once summed, if claims within a family identification number exceeded the $35 million family statutory cap, we then allocated the $35 million family statutory cap among the family members in proportion to their individual claims. We provided our analysis to the Fund for review and they confirmed that based on their review our approach appeared consistent with their methodology. While this analysis enabled us to determine the ``net eligible claims'' for the purposes of estimating lump sum catch-up payments for our population, we recognize that the Fund may receive additional information or data in the future that might impact these amounts if these claimants are included in a future payment distribution. \49\ We received data from the Fund as of May 2024 for 1,778 claimants for the 1983 Beirut barracks bombing and 308 claimants for the 1996 Khobar Towers bombing who submitted eligible applications to the Fund and applied in the statutory application time frame. Of those, 512 had received a prior eligibility determination from the Fund and 1,559 were new applicants. We also received data on 14 victims of these attacks who submitted applications during the statutory application time frame whose eligibility is still being determined by the Fund as of June 2024. Because eligibility for some of these victims is still being determined, we refer to the group as a whole as ``potentially eligible'' for catch-up payments. These applications are pending because the Fund is awaiting additional documentation from these individuals that is needed to determine their claims' eligibility. We encourage applicants with pending applications to provide requested documentation to the Fund that is needed to determine their claims' eligibility. For purposes of estimating lump sum catch-up payments in this notice, we are including all of the potentially eligible claims. However, in our final report, to be issued no later than 30 days following the close of the comment period, we will only include the total amount needed to provide lump sum catch-up payments to 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1986 Khobar Towers bombing victims who submitted claims that the Fund has deemed eligible. \50\ We obtained from the Fund information on compensation from other sources as of March 2024 for claimants who have eligibility for regular distributions from the Fund. Fund officials confirmed that, based on information included in these applications, all applicants who reported compensation from other sources are Peterson judgment creditors whose offsets are the amounts recovered in Peterson. After GAO informed the Fund that it would include claimants who previously had eligibility determinations made by the Fund in its estimated lump sum catch-up payment calculations, on May 31, 2024, the Fund provided the remaining offset information that the 78 conditional claimants who were Peterson judgment creditors included in their applications for lump sum catch-up payments, for purposes of our audit and calculations. In order to apply the minimum payments provisions in 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(3)(B), before issuing our final report, we will need to confirm the source of the offsets for these 78 conditional claimants. The Fund does not use information contained in duplicate applications administratively closed by the Fund for Fund purposes, according to the Fund officials. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- To carry out our mandate under section 101 of the Fairness Act, using data from the Fund described above, we estimated the amount of payments that non-9/11 claimants received in the first three rounds of Fund payments, as a percentage of their net eligible claims offset by compensation from other sources.\51\ We first determined the payment amounts received by non-9/11 claimants from the Fund in the first through third payment rounds.\52\ We then summed the payments for the three payment rounds across all non-9/11 claimants. Next, we determined the net eligible claims of the non-9/11 claimants as of the third round that they received a payment, offset by compensation from other sources, and summed across all claimants. We divided the amount of payments by the net eligible claims offset by compensation from other sources to determine the percentage called for in our mandate of 16.0353 percent (GAO's percentage calculation).\53\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \51\ In accordance with GAO standards, we will assess the reliability and completeness of the data from the Fund to ensure that it is appropriate for these purposes. \52\ The non-9/11 claimants included 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims who received payments from the Fund. See 34 U.S.C. 20144(j)(9). In applying this standard, we excluded three types of claims: (1) those where the victim received no payments because they were conditional claimants; (2) those where the victim never received payment in any of the first through third rounds of distribution because compensation from other sources (offsets) exceeded 30 percent of the compensatory damages (before applying the individual and family statutory caps); and (3) those where the offsets exceeded the percentage of compensatory damages awarded to other eligible applicants in each of the first through third rounds of distribution for which these claims were eligible. See id. 20144(d)(4)(D)(i). \53\ We reported 4.6122 percent in the first notice. The percentage changed due to a data programming error that occurred in our initial estimate and has now been corrected. Specifically, the net eligible claims were inadvertently included in the initial round that the payment was received as well as in the subsequent rounds, resulting in a larger summed net eligible claims and a lower calculated percentage. Furthermore, the calculation included the fourth payment round which, as indicated in footnote 35, had a very low payment percentage among the four rounds. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Estimates for Lump Sum Catch-Up Payments Using GAO's percentage calculation, we estimated the total amount needed to provide lump sum catch-up payments to the 2,086 potentially eligible 1983 [[Page 56382]] Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims based on these victims' net eligible claims offset by compensation from other sources.\54\ In the data provided, 1,495 of the potentially eligible 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims reported compensation from other sources of some non- zero amount, such as court-awarded compensation.\55\ To identify a claimant's lump sum catch-up payment, the calculated GAO percentage will be applied to the claimant's net eligible claims offset by compensation from other sources. Then, to identify a net lump sum catch-up payment, we will subtract any amount of money a claimant had previously received from the Fund.\56\ Our calculation produced $614,988,012.55, the total amount needed to provide lump sum catch-up payments for Beirut barracks and Khobar Towers bombing victims who submitted eligible applications to the Fund within the statutory application time frame.\57\ --------------------------------------------------------------------------- \54\ In our prior work, we did not offset eligible 9/11 victims, spouses, and dependents' net eligible claims with compensation from other sources because this population did not have qualifying compensation from other sources. Although some 9/11 claimants may have received awards from the September 11th Victim Compensation Fund (VCF), money received from the VCF is not considered an offset for the Fund's award calculations. See U.S. Victims of State Sponsored Terrorism Fund, Frequently Asked Questions, https://www.usvsst.com/Home/Faq (last accessed June 18, 2024) (see 4.8 What is a source of compensation other than the USVSST Fund?). \55\ The Fund provided information about compensation from other sources for all potentially eligible 1983 Beirut barracks bombing victims and 1996 Khobar Towers bombing victims. According to Fund data, the reported compensation from other sources for some of these potentially eligible claimants was $0. For potentially eligible claimants who received compensation from other sources of some non- zero amount, that compensation ranged from approximately $65,000 to approximately $5 million. \56\ The payments previously received from the Fund will include all the payment rounds--first through fourth rounds--as applicable. \57\ The net lump sum catch-up payment is the difference between the calculated lump sum catch-up and the compensation already received from the Fund (it would be zero if the compensation already received from the Fund is equal to or exceeds the calculated lump sum catch-up). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- After consideration of the comments from this notice, we will issue a report using data from the Fund to report estimated lump sum catch-up payments based on this methodology with any changes we determine appropriate. We invite comments on all aspects of the planned methodology and lump sum catch-up payments proposed in this notice. Our final report will be available on gao.gov. Authority: Pub. L. 117-328, div. MM, sec. 101(b)(3)(B)(iii), 136 Stat. 4459, 6108-6109 (pertinent portion codified at 34 U.S.C. 20144(d)(4)(D)). Triana McNeil, Director, Homeland Security and Justice, U.S. Government Accountability Office. [FR Doc. 2024-15016 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 1610-02-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:00.660479

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14955

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56382-56383] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14955] ======================================================================= ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services [Document Identifiers: CMS-855B] Agency Information Collection Activities: Proposed Collection; Comment Request AGENCY: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Health and Human Services (HHS). ACTION: Notice. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) is announcing an opportunity for the public to comment on CMS' intention to collect information from the public. Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (PRA), Federal agencies are required to publish notice in the Federal Register concerning each proposed collection of information (including each proposed extension or reinstatement of an existing collection of information) and to allow 60 days for public comment on the proposed action. Interested persons are invited to send comments regarding our burden estimates or any other aspect of this collection of information, including the necessity and utility of the proposed information collection for the proper performance of the agency's functions, the accuracy of the estimated burden, ways to enhance the quality, utility, and clarity of the information to be collected, and the use of automated collection techniques or other forms of information technology to minimize the information collection burden. DATES: Comments must be received by September 9, 2024. ADDRESSES: When commenting, please reference the document identifier or OMB control number. To be assured consideration, comments and recommendations must be submitted in any one of the following ways: 1. Electronically. You may send your comments electronically to http://www.regulations.gov. Follow the instructions for ``Comment or Submission'' or ``More Search Options'' to find the information collection document(s) that are accepting comments. 2. By regular mail. You may mail written comments to the following address: CMS, Office of Strategic Operations and Regulatory Affairs, Division of Regulations Development, Attention: Document Identifier/OMB Control Number: __, Room C4-26-05, 7500 Security Boulevard, Baltimore, Maryland 21244-1850. To obtain copies of a supporting statement and any related forms for the proposed collection(s) summarized in this notice, please access the CMS PRA website by copying and pasting the following web address into your web browser: https://www.cms.gov/Regulations-and-Guidance/Legislation/PaperworkReductionActof1995/PRA-Listing. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: William N. Parham at (410) 786-4669. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Contents This notice sets out a summary of the use and burden associated with the following information collections. More detailed information can be found in each collection's supporting statement and associated materials (see ADDRESSES). CMS-855B Medicare Enrollment Application for Clinics/Group Practices and Other Suppliers Under the PRA (44 U.S.C. 3501-3520), Federal agencies must obtain approval from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for each collection of information they conduct or sponsor. The term ``collection of information'' is defined in 44 U.S.C. 3502(3) and 5 CFR 1320.3(c) and includes agency requests or requirements that members of the public submit reports, keep records, or provide information to a third party. Section 3506(c)(2)(A) of the PRA requires Federal agencies to publish a 60-day notice in the Federal Register concerning each proposed collection of information, including each proposed extension or reinstatement of an existing collection of information, before submitting the collection to OMB for approval. To comply with this requirement, CMS is publishing this notice. Information Collections 1. Type of Information Collection Request: Reinstatement with change of a previously approved collection; Title of Information Collection: Medicare Enrollment Application for Clinics/Group Practices and Other Suppliers; Use: Various sections of the Act, the United States Code (U.S.C.), Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Code, and the CFR require providers and suppliers to [[Page 56383]] furnish information concerning the amounts due and the identification of individuals or entities that furnish medical services to beneficiaries before payment can be made. The Form CMS-855B application is submitted when the applicant first requests Medicare enrollment. The application is used by the MACs to collect data to ensure the applicant has the necessary credentials to provide the health care services for which they intend to bill Medicare; this includes data that allows the Medicare contractor to correctly price, process, and pay the applicant's claims. It also gathers information that enables MACs to ensure that the supplier is neither excluded from the Medicare program nor debarred, suspended, or excluded from any other Federal agency or program. The application is also used by enrolled suppliers when they are reporting a change in their ownership, a change in their current Medicare enrollment information, or are revalidating or reactivating their Medicare enrollment. Form Number: CMS-855B (OMB control number: 0938-1377); Frequency: Occasionally; Affected Public: Private Sector; Business or other for-profits, and Not-for Profits; Number of Respondents: 132,800; Number of Responses: 132,800; Total Annual Hours: 155,884. (For questions regarding this collection, contact Frank Whalen at 410-786-1302 or [email protected].) William N. Parham, III, Director, Division of Information Collections and Regulatory Impacts, Office of Strategic Operations and Regulatory Affairs. [FR Doc. 2024-14955 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4120-01-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:00.697846

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14956

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56383-56384] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14956] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services [Document Identifiers: CMS-10537 and CMS-43] Agency Information Collection Activities: Submission for OMB Review; Comment Request AGENCY: Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Health and Human Services (HHS). ACTION: Notice. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) is announcing an opportunity for the public to comment on CMS' intention to collect information from the public. Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (PRA), Federal agencies are required to publish notice in the Federal Register concerning each proposed collection of information, including each proposed extension or reinstatement of an existing collection of information, and to allow a second opportunity for public comment on the notice. Interested persons are invited to send comments regarding the burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including the necessity and utility of the proposed information collection for the proper performance of the agency's functions, the accuracy of the estimated burden, ways to enhance the quality, utility, and clarity of the information to be collected, and the use of automated collection techniques or other forms of information technology to minimize the information collection burden. DATES: Comments on the collection(s) of information must be received by the OMB desk officer by August 8, 2024. ADDRESSES: Written comments and recommendations for the proposed information collection should be sent within 30 days of publication of this notice to www.reginfo.gov/public/do/PRAMain. Find this particular information collection by selecting ``Currently under 30-day Review-- Open for Public Comments'' or by using the search function. To obtain copies of a supporting statement and any related forms for the proposed collection(s) summarized in this notice, please access the CMS PRA website by copying and pasting the following web address into your web browser: https://www.cms.gov/Regulations-and-Guidance/Legislation/PaperworkReductionActof1995/PRA-Listing. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: William Parham at (410) 786-4669. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (PRA) (44 U.S.C. 3501-3520), Federal agencies must obtain approval from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for each collection of information they conduct or sponsor. The term ``collection of information'' is defined in 44 U.S.C. 3502(3) and 5 CFR 1320.3(c) and includes agency requests or requirements that members of the public submit reports, keep records, or provide information to a third party. Section 3506(c)(2)(A) of the PRA (44 U.S.C. 3506(c)(2)(A)) requires Federal agencies to publish a 30-day notice in the Federal Register concerning each proposed collection of information, including each proposed extension or reinstatement of an existing collection of information, before submitting the collection to OMB for approval. To comply with this requirement, CMS is publishing this notice that summarizes the following proposed collection(s) of information for public comment: 1. Type of Information Collection Request: Revision of a currently approved collection; Title of Information Collection: CAHPS Hospice Survey; Use: CMS launched the development of the CAHPS Hospice Survey in 2012. Public reporting of the results on Hospice Compare started in 2018. The goal of the survey is to measure the experiences of patients and their caregivers with hospice care. The survey was developed to: Provide a source of information from which selected measures could be publicly reported to beneficiaries and their family members as a decision aid for selection of a hospice program; Aid hospices with their internal quality improvement efforts and external benchmarking with other facilities; and Provide CMS with information for monitoring the care provided. Surveys focusing on patients' experience of care with their health care providers are an important part of the NQS. In addition to publicly reporting clinical quality measures, CMS is currently reporting measures from patient experience of care surveys in a variety of settings, including in-center hemodialysis (ICH) centers, hospitals, home health agencies, and hospices on the Medicare Care Compare website. (https://www.medicare.gov/care-compare). Form Number: CMS- 10537 (OMB control number: 0938-1257); Frequency: Once; Affected Public: Individuals and Households; Number of Respondents: 1,159,420; Total Annual Responses: 1,159,420; Total Annual Hours: 168,115.90. (For policy questions regarding this collection contact Lauren Fuentes at 410-786 2290 or 443-618-2123). 2. Type of Information Collection Request: Revision of a currently approved collection; Title of Information Collection: Application for Part A (Hospital Insurance) and Part B (Medical Insurance) for People with End-Stage Renal Disease; Use: Form CMS-43 (Application for Part A (Hospital Insurance) and Part B (Medical Insurance) for People with End-Stage Renal Disease) supports section 226A(a) of the Social Security Act (the Act) and corresponding regulations at 42 CFR 406.7(c)(3) and 406.13. Individuals with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) have the opportunity to apply for Medicare benefits and obtain premium-free Part A if they meet certain [[Page 56384]] criteria outlined in statute. Sections 226A of the Act authorizes entitlement for Medicare Hospital Insurance (Part A) if the individual with ESRD files an application for benefits and meets the requisite contributions through one's own employment or the employment of a related individual to meet the statutory definition of a ``currently insured'' individual outlined in section 214 of the Act. Further, for individuals who meet the requirements for premium-free Part A entitlement, Medicare coverage starts based on the dates in which the individual started dialysis treatment or had a kidney transplant. These statutory provisions are codified at 42 CFR 406.7(c)(3) and 407.13. Form Number: CMS-43 (OMB control number: 0938-0080); Frequency: Once; Affected Public: Individuals and Households Number of Respondents: 45,200; Total Annual Responses: 45,200; Total Annual Hours: 18,984. (For policy questions regarding this collection contact Candace Carter at 410-786-8466 or [email protected]). William N. Parham, III, Director, Division of Information Collections and Regulatory Impacts, Office of Strategic Operations and Regulatory Affairs. [FR Doc. 2024-14956 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4120-01-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:00.734626

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14949

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56384-56385] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14949] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Administration for Children and Families Proposed Information Collection Activity; The Understanding and Expanding the Reach of Home Visiting (HV-REACH) Project (New Collection) AGENCY: Office of Planning, Research, and Evaluation, Administration for Children and Families, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. ACTION: Request for public comments. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: As part of the Understanding and Expanding the Reach of Home Visiting (HV-REACH) project, the Administration for Children and Families (ACF) within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services is proposing to collect qualitative data to understand the features of centralized, coordinated, or collaborative intake systems used by seven purposively selected sites that refer families to early childhood home visiting (ECHV) programs. DATES: Comments due September 9, 2024. In compliance with the requirements of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, ACF is soliciting public comment on the specific aspects of the information collection described above. ADDRESSES: You can obtain copies of the proposed collection of information and submit comments by emailing [email protected]. Identify all requests by the title of the information collection. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Description: The HV-REACH project is proposing to conduct seven qualitative case studies to provide an in-depth understanding of centralized intake systems, including how centralized intake systems reach potentially eligible families, and how staff and families think centralized intake systems support and expand the recruitment and enrollment of families in ECHV programs. The goals of the study are to understand (1) the features, strengths, and challenges of centralized intake systems that refer to ECHV programs; (2) how centralized intake systems support outreach to and enrollment of families in ECHV programs; (3) enrolled families' experiences with centralized intake systems. We will conduct virtual or in person site visits in seven sites, where a site is defined as including a centralized intake organization(s) and one or two associated home visiting programs. We will collect documentation related to: outreach, enrollment, screening, and referrals processes and pathways, and data about the defining characteristics of centralized intake systems; local contexts and community needs; communication processes and feedback loops with families and programs; successes and challenges of the system and opportunities for improvement or technical assistance; home visiting program staff and family perceptions of centralized intake; implementation of centralized intake; staff and family experiences with outreach and enrollment processes using centralized intake; and staff and family background characteristics. Findings will highlight opportunities for program improvement efforts, technical assistance, or changes to centralized intake system processes. We will disseminate findings in a report, research briefs, and presentations or briefings. Respondents: Centralized intake administrators and other staff responsible for overseeing outreach and enrollment; home visiting program directors and other staff responsible for overseeing outreach and enrollment; home visitors and other staff responsible for conducting outreach and enrollment; and families enrolled in home- visiting programs. Annual Burden Estimates ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Number of Number of responses per Average burden Instrument respondents respondent (total per response (in Total/annual (total over over request hours) burden (in hours) request period) period) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Centralized Intake Administrator \1\ 9 1 0.33 3 Screening.......................... On site coordination \1\............ 14 1 4.0 56 Centralized Intake Administrator and 42 1 1.5 63 Other Staff Interview Protocol..... Document Review Request............. 21 1 0.25 5 Home visiting program director and 28 1 1.0 28 Other Staff Interview Protocol..... Home visitor and Other Staff 42 1 1.0 42 Interview Protocol................. Family interview protocol........... 42 1 1.0 42 Participant characteristics form.... 114 1 0.08 9 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- [[Page 56385]] Total Annual Burden............. ................. ................. ................. 248 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ There is no instrument associated with this activity, which refers to the time spent by the on-site coordinator (nominated by the home visiting program director) to help the research team coordinate data collection activities. Comments: The Department specifically requests comments on (a) whether the proposed collection of information is necessary for the proper performance of the functions of the agency, including whether the information shall have practical utility; (b) the accuracy of the agency's estimate of the burden of the proposed collection of information; (c) the quality, utility, and clarity of the information to be collected; and (d) ways to minimize the burden of the collection of information on respondents, including through the use of automated collection techniques or other forms of information technology. Consideration will be given to comments and suggestions submitted within 60 days of this publication. Authority: Social Security Act, title V, section 511 (42 U.S.C. 711), as extended by the Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2023 (Pub. L. 117-328) (fiscal years 2023-2027). Mary C. Jones, ACF/OPRE Certifying Officer. [FR Doc. 2024-14949 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 41842-77-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:00.754379

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15011

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56385-56386] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15011] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration [Docket No. FDA-2024-N-1464] Agency Information Collection Activities; Submission for Office of Management and Budget Review; Comment Request; New Animal Drugs for Investigational Use AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS. ACTION: Notice. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or we) is announcing that a proposed collection of information has been submitted to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for review and clearance under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995. DATES: Submit written comments (including recommendations) on the collection of information by August 8, 2024. ADDRESSES: To ensure that comments on the information collection are received, OMB recommends that written comments be submitted to https://www.reginfo.gov/public/do/PRAMain. Find this particular information collection by selecting ``Currently under Review--Open for Public Comments'' or by using the search function. The OMB control number for this information collection is 0910-0117. Also include the FDA docket number found in brackets in the heading of this document. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Rachel Showalter, Office of Operations, Food and Drug Administration, Three White Flint North, 10A- 12M, 11601 Landsdown St., North Bethesda, MD 20852, 240-994-7399, [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: In compliance with 44 U.S.C. 3507, FDA has submitted the following proposed collection of information to OMB for review and clearance. New Animal Drugs for Investigational Use OMB Control Number 0910-0117--Extension This information collection helps support implementation of Agency statutory and regulatory requirements regarding the approval of new animal drugs. FDA has the authority under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act) to approve new animal drugs. A new animal drug application (NADA) cannot be approved until, among other things, the new animal drug has been demonstrated to be safe and effective for its intended use(s). In order to properly test a new animal drug for an intended use, appropriate scientific investigations must be conducted. Under specific circumstances, section 512(j) of the FD&C Act (21 U.S.C. 360b(j)) permits the use of an investigational new animal drug to generate data to support a NADA approval. Section 512(j) of the FD&C Act authorizes us to issue regulations relating to the investigational use of new animal drugs. Our regulations in part 511 (21 CFR part 511) set forth the conditions for investigational use of new animal drugs and require reporting and recordkeeping to qualify for the exemption from section 512(a) of the FD&C Act. The information collected is necessary to protect the public health. We use the information to determine that investigational animal drugs are distributed only to qualified investigators, adequate drug accountability records are maintained, and edible food products from treated food-producing animals are safe for human consumption. We also use the information collected to monitor the validity of the studies submitted to us to support new animal drug approval. Our regulations require that certain information be submitted to us in a ``Notice of Claimed Investigational Exemption for a New Animal Drug'' (NCIE) to qualify for the exemption and to control shipment of the new animal drug and prevent potential abuse. We also require reporting by importers of investigational new animal drugs (INDs) for clinical investigational use in animals (Sec. 511.1(b)(9)). The information provided by the sponsor in the NCIE is needed to help ensure that the proposed investigational use of the new animal drug is safe and that any edible food will not be distributed without proper authorization from FDA. Information contained in an NCIE submission is monitored under our Bioresearch Monitoring Program. This program permits us to monitor the validity of the studies and to help ensure the proper use of the drugs is maintained by the investigators. Sponsors use eSubmitter, a secure online, question-based submission tool, to submit the NCIE electronically (https://www.fda.gov/industry/fda-esubmitter/cvm-esubmitter-programs). Description of Respondents: Respondents to this collection of information are persons who use new animal drugs for investigational purposes. INDs are used primarily by drug industry firms, academic institutions, and the government (i.e., [[Page 56386]] sponsors of INDs). Investigators may include individuals from these entities, as well as research firms and members of the medical professions. With respect to this information collection, the term ``respondent'' includes sponsors who are subject to user fees and sponsors who are not subject to user fees. In the Federal Register of May 2, 2024 (89 FR 35838), FDA published a 60-day notice requesting public comment on the proposed collection of information. No comments were received. FDA estimates the burden of this collection of information as follows: Table 1--Estimated Annual Reporting Burden \1\ \2\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Number of Average 21 CFR section/activity Number of responses per Total annual burden per Total respondents respondent responses response hours ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 511.1(b)(4), 511.1(b)(5) 511.1(b)(6) 257 5.70 1,466 1.12 1,634 511.1(b)(8)(ii), and 511.1(b)(9); submissions of NCIE, data to obtain authorization, any additional information upon request of FDA, reporting of findings that may suggest significant hazards, and reporting by importers of investigational new animal drugs for clinical investigational use in animals.............................. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ There are no capital costs or operating and maintenance costs associated with this collection of information. \2\ Totals may not sum due to rounding. Table 2--Estimated Annual Recordkeeping Burden \1\ \2\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Number of Average burden 21 CFR section/activity Number of records per Total annual per Total recordkeepers recordkeeper records recordkeeping hours ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 511.1(a)(3), 511.1(b)(3), 257 17.44 4,482 2.57 11,519 511.1(b)(7), and 511.1(b)(8)(ii); Maintain records showing the name and post office address of the expert or expert organization to whom the new animal drug, or feed containing the same is shipped and the date, quantity, and batch or code mark of each shipment and delivery; maintain records of the investigation and all reports received by a sponsor from investigators..................... ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ There are no capital costs or operating and maintenance costs associated with this collection of information. \2\ Totals may not sum due to rounding. The NCIE must contain, among other things, the following specific information: (1) identity of the new animal drug, (2) labeling, (3) statement of compliance of any non-clinical laboratory studies with good laboratory practices, (4) name and address of each clinical investigator, (5) the approximate number of animals to be treated or amount of new animal drug(s) to be shipped, and (6) information regarding the use of edible tissues from investigational animals (Sec. 511.1(b)(4)). If the new animal drug is to be used in food-producing animals (e.g., cattle, swine, chickens, fish, etc.), certain data must be submitted to us to obtain authorization for the use of edible food products from treated food-producing animals (Sec. 511.1(b)(5)). We require sponsors upon request to submit information with respect to the investigation to determine whether there are grounds for terminating the exemption (Sec. 511.1(b)(6)). We require sponsors to report findings that may suggest significant hazards pertinent to the safety of the new animal drug (Sec. 511.1(b)(8)(ii)). If the new animal drug is only for tests in vitro or in laboratory research animals, the person distributing the new animal drug must maintain records showing the name and post office address of the expert or expert organization to whom it is shipped and the date, quantity, and batch or code mark of each shipment and delivery for a period of 2 years after such shipment or delivery (Sec. 511.1(a)(3) and (b)(3)). We require complete records of the investigation, including records of the receipt and disposition of each shipment or delivery of the investigational new animal drug (Sec. 511.1(b)(7)). We also require records of all reports received by a sponsor from investigators to be retained for 2 years after the termination of an investigational exemption or approval of a NADA (Sec. 511.1(b)(8)(i)). The estimate of the time required for reporting requirements, record preparation, and maintenance for this collection of information is based on our informal communication with industry. Based on the number of sponsors subject to animal drug user fees, we estimate that there are 257 respondents. We use this estimate throughout both tables to calculate the ``number of responses per respondent'' by dividing the total annual responses by number of respondents. The burden we attribute to reporting and recordkeeping activities is assumed to be distributed among the individual elements of the respective information collection activities. Additional information needed to make a final calculation of the total burden hours (i.e., the number of respondents, the number of recordkeepers, the number of NCIEs received, etc.) is derived from our records. Since our last renewal, there is an adjustment decrease in the total burden hours of 2,401, which we attribute to a decrease in the number of respondents, annual responses, and records. Dated: July 3, 2024. Lauren K. Roth, Associate Commissioner for Policy. [FR Doc. 2024-15011 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4164-01-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:00.771516

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15009

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56387-56390] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15009] [[Page 56387]] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration [Docket No. FDA-2014-D-0447] Addressing Misinformation About Medical Devices and Prescription Drugs: Questions and Answers; Draft Guidance for Industry; Availability; Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposed Collection; Comment Request AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS. ACTION: Notice of availability. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or Agency) is announcing the availability of a revised draft guidance for industry entitled ``Addressing Misinformation About Medical Devices and Prescription Drugs: Questions and Answers.'' This revised draft guidance, when finalized, will describe FDA's current thinking on common questions firms may have when voluntarily addressing misinformation about or related to their approved/cleared medical products. This guidance revises and replaces the draft guidance for industry entitled ``Internet/Social Media Platforms: Correcting Independent Third-Party Misinformation About Prescription Drugs and Medical Devices'' issued in June 2014. This revised draft guidance is not final nor is it in effect at this time. DATES: Submit either electronic or written comments on the draft guidance by September 9, 2024 to ensure that the Agency considers your comment on this draft guidance before it begins work on the final version of the guidance. Submit electronic or written comments on the proposed collection of information in the draft guidance by September 9, 2024. ADDRESSES: You may submit comments on any guidance at any time as follows: Electronic Submissions Submit electronic comments in the following way: Federal eRulemaking Portal: https://www.regulations.gov. Follow the instructions for submitting comments. Comments submitted electronically, including attachments, to https://www.regulations.gov will be posted to the docket unchanged. Because your comment will be made public, you are solely responsible for ensuring that your comment does not include any confidential information that you or a third party may not wish to be posted, such as medical information, your or anyone else's Social Security number, or confidential business information, such as a manufacturing process. Please note that if you include your name, contact information, or other information that identifies you in the body of your comments, that information will be posted on https://www.regulations.gov. If you want to submit a comment with confidential information that you do not wish to be made available to the public, submit the comment as a written/paper submission and in the manner detailed (see ``Written/Paper Submissions'' and ``Instructions''). Written/Paper Submissions Submit written/paper submissions as follows: Mail/Hand Delivery/Courier (for written/paper submissions): Dockets Management Staff (HFA-305), Food and Drug Administration, 5630 Fishers Lane, Rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852. For written/paper comments submitted to the Dockets Management Staff, FDA will post your comment, as well as any attachments, except for information submitted, marked and identified, as confidential, if submitted as detailed in ``Instructions.'' Instructions: All submissions received must include the Docket No. FDA-2014-D-0447 for ``Addressing Misinformation About Medical Devices and Prescription Drugs: Questions and Answers.'' Received comments will be placed in the docket and, except for those submitted as ``Confidential Submissions,'' publicly viewable at https://www.regulations.gov or at the Dockets Management Staff between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday through Friday, 240-402-7500. Confidential Submissions--To submit a comment with confidential information that you do not wish to be made publicly available, submit your comments only as a written/paper submission. You should submit two copies total. One copy will include the information you claim to be confidential with a heading or cover note that states ``THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION.'' The Agency will review this copy, including the claimed confidential information, in its consideration of comments. The second copy, which will have the claimed confidential information redacted/blacked out, will be available for public viewing and posted on https://www.regulations.gov. Submit both copies to the Dockets Management Staff. If you do not wish your name and contact information to be made publicly available, you can provide this information on the cover sheet and not in the body of your comments and you must identify this information as ``confidential.'' Any information marked as ``confidential'' will not be disclosed except in accordance with 21 CFR 10.20 and other applicable disclosure law. For more information about FDA's posting of comments to public dockets, see 80 FR 56469, September 18, 2015, or access the information at: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2015-09-18/pdf/2015-23389.pdf. Docket: For access to the docket to read background documents or the electronic and written/paper comments received, go to https://www.regulations.gov and insert the docket number, found in brackets in the heading of this document, into the ``Search'' box and follow the prompts and/or go to the Dockets Management Staff, 5630 Fishers Lane, Rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852, 240-402-7500. You may submit comments on any guidance at any time (see 21 CFR 10.115(g)(5)). Submit written requests for single copies of the draft guidance to the Division of Drug Information, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10001 New Hampshire Ave., Hillandale Building, 4th Floor, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002; the Office of Communication, Outreach and Development, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave., Bldg. 71, Rm. 3128, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002; the Office of Policy, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave., Bldg. 66, Rm. 5431, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002; or the Policy and Regulations Staff, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Food and Drug Administration, 7500 Standish Pl., Rockville, MD 20855. Send one self-addressed adhesive label to assist that office in processing your request or include a Fax number to which the draft guidance may be sent. See the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section for information on electronic access to the draft guidance. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: With regard to the draft guidance: Samantha Bryant, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave., Bldg. 51, Room 3203, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002, 301-796-1200; James Myers, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave., Bldg. 71, Rm. 7301, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002, 240- 402-7911; Stephanie Philbin, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, [[Page 56388]] 10903 New Hampshire Ave., Bldg. 66, Rm. 5456, Silver Spring, MD 20993- 0002, 301-837-7151; Kathryn Dennehy, Center for Veterinary Medicine (HFV-245), Food and Drug Administration, 7519 Standish Pl., Rockville, MD 20855, 240-402-7082, [email protected]; or Julie Finegan, Office of Policy, Office of the Commissioner, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave., Bldg. 32, Rm. 4252, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002, 301-827-4830. With regard to the proposed collection of information: Domini Bean, Office of Operations, Food and Drug Administration, Three White Flint North, 10A-12M, 11601 Landsdown St., North Bethesda, MD 20852, 301-796- 5733, PRAS[email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: I. Background FDA is announcing the availability of a revised draft guidance for industry entitled ``Addressing Misinformation About Medical Devices and Prescription Drugs: Questions and Answers.'' In addition to describing already existing avenues for communications by firms, the guidance sets out an enforcement policy for certain kinds of internet-based communications that firms might choose to use to address internet-based misinformation about or related to the firm's approved/cleared medical product when that misinformation is created or disseminated by an independent third party. This guidance is not intended to address a firm's correction of its own false or misleading representations about its medical products. For the purposes of this guidance, the term firms refers to the persons or entities legally responsible for the labeling of approved/cleared medical products, which includes applicants, sponsors, manufacturers, packers, distributors, and any persons communicating on behalf of these entities. The term medical product refers to a medical device for human use (including one that is a biological product), a prescription human drug (including one that is a biological product), or a prescription animal drug. The term approved/ cleared medical product refers to medical products (as that term is defined in this guidance) that may be introduced into interstate commerce for at least one use under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act), the Public Health Service Act, and their implementing regulations (collectively, the FDA Authorities) as a result of having satisfied applicable premarket requirements. For ease of reference, when approval and clearance (and similar terms) are used in discussing devices, the terms refer to FDA permitting the marketing of a device via the premarket approval, premarket notification under section 510(k) of the FD&C Act (21 U.S.C. 360(k)), De Novo classification, or Humanitarian Device Exemption pathways and to devices that are exempt from premarket notification. For the purposes of this guidance and as further described in section II of the guidance, the term misinformation refers to implicit or explicit false, inaccurate, or misleading representations of fact about or related to the firm's approved/cleared medical product. Misinformation about a firm's approved/cleared medical product can cause harm to both individuals and the public health in general. Basing medical decisions on misinformation can lead patients and healthcare providers to choose treatments that are not safe and effective, or forgo treatments that are, which can have adverse consequences. While misinformation can appear in many forms of communication and be shared in many different ways, internet-based forms of communication have enabled misinformation to travel quickly and reach more people who otherwise might not be exposed to that misinformation. Additionally, misinformation about or related to medical products that treat or prevent serious or life-threatening diseases is especially concerning and represents a significant public health concern. This guidance revises and replaces the draft guidance for industry entitled ``Internet/Social Media Platforms: Correcting Independent Third-Party Misinformation About Prescription Drugs and Medical Devices,'' issued in June 2014 (2014 draft guidance). The revised draft guidance reflects the Agency's consideration of feedback from interested parties, including comments received on the 2014 draft guidance. Changes include a revised title, a question-and-answer format, and certain changes in scope. For example, the enforcement policy now extends to a firm's voluntary ``tailored responsive communications'' that address misinformation that suggests that the firm's cleared/approved medical product be used for an unapproved use. Additionally, new content has been added to reflect changes in technology and functionality of internet-based platforms, as well as changes in the way information is shared online to help a firm to have greater flexibility and control over the timing of the firm's communication when the firm chooses to address certain internet-based third-party misinformation with ``tailored responsive communications.'' This guidance also now includes a subsection on ``general medical product communications'' that describes many existing avenues available to firms for communicating information about or related to their approved/cleared medical products. New examples were also added to illustrate the new considerations and recommendations outlined in the guidance and to provide additional clarity to firms. This revised draft guidance, when finalized, is intended to advance FDA's mission to help members of the public get the accurate, up-to- date, science-based information they need to inform their decisions about medical products to maintain and improve their health. More specifically, the guidance describes two categories of communications firms might choose to use to address misinformation: tailored responsive communications and general medical product communications. As described in the guidance, a ``tailored responsive communication'' is a firm's voluntary, internet-based communication that identifies and addresses internet-based misinformation about or related to the firm's approved/cleared medical product when that misinformation is created or disseminated by an independent third party. For the purposes of this guidance, communications through existing avenues are collectively referred to as ``general medical product communications.'' Unlike the tailored responsive communications described in the guidance, general medical product communications are not necessarily internet-based or prompted by or tailored to address specific identified internet-based misinformation. General medical product communications can include, among other things, content and messaging that address misinformation about a firm's approved/cleared medical product. Inclusion in a general medical product communication of content that addresses misinformation creates no special considerations regarding the application of the FDA Authorities or other FDA enforcement policies. FDA recognizes that misinformation about or related to medical products authorized for emergency use is a public health concern. The Agency continues to evaluate the unique considerations that can apply to communications by firms addressing misinformation about or related to such products. As such, this revised draft guidance does not apply to communications by firms that address misinformation about or related [[Page 56389]] to an emergency use authorized for the firm's medical product under section 564 of the FD&C Act (21 U.S.C. 360bbb-3), whether that be an emergency use authorized for an ``unapproved use of an approved product'', or an emergency use authorized for an ``unapproved product'', as those terms are used in section 564(a) of the FD&C Act. See section 564 of the FD&C Act for more information on the authorities for emergency use authorizations. This revised draft guidance is being issued consistent with FDA's good guidance practices regulation (21 CFR 10.115). The revised draft guidance, when finalized, will represent the current thinking of FDA on ``Addressing Misinformation About Medical Devices and Prescription Drugs: Questions and Answers.'' It does not establish any rights for any person and is not binding on FDA or the public. You can use an alternative approach if it satisfies the requirements of the applicable statutes and regulations. II. Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (PRA) (44 U.S.C. 3501- 3521), Federal Agencies must obtain approval from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for each collection of information they conduct or sponsor. ``Collection of information'' is defined in 44 U.S.C. 3502(3) and 5 CFR 1320.3(c) and includes Agency requests or requirements that members of the public submit reports, keep records, or provide information to a third party. Section 3506(c)(2)(A) of the PRA (44 U.S.C. 3506(c)(2)(A)) requires Federal Agencies to provide a 60-day notice in the Federal Register concerning each proposed collection of information before submitting the collection to OMB for approval. To comply with this requirement, FDA is publishing notice of the proposed collection of information set forth in this document. With respect to the following collection of information, FDA invites comments on these topics: (1) whether the proposed collection of information is necessary for the proper performance of FDA's functions, including whether the information will have practical utility; (2) the accuracy of FDA's estimate of the burden of the proposed collection of information, including the validity of the methodology and assumptions used; (3) ways to enhance the quality, utility, and clarity of the information to be collected; and (4) ways to minimize the burden of the collection of information on respondents, including through the use of automated collection techniques, when appropriate, and other forms of information technology. Disclosures for Tailored Responsive Communications Addressing Misinformation About Medical Devices and Prescription Drugs OMB Control Number 0910-NEW The revised draft guidance document, ``Addressing Misinformation About Medical Devices and Prescription Drugs: Questions and Answers,'' describes two categories of communications firms might choose to use to address misinformation: tailored responsive communications and general medical product communications. As explained in the guidance, general medical product communications are already existing avenues for communication and are subject to approved information collections, summarized below. The revised draft guidance recommends that a firm's tailored responsive communication clearly identify both the specific misinformation that the firm is addressing and a specific internet- based, independent third-party communication in which that misinformation appears. Additionally, the revised draft guidance discusses disclosures that we recommend firms include when choosing to share tailored responsive communications. Specifically, the guidance recommends that firms include (1) a mechanism for obtaining a copy of the current FDA-required labeling (including FDA-approved patient labeling, if any), (2) the date the firm's tailored responsive communication is posted (if a date is not automatically generated), and (3) a disclosure that the tailored responsive communication is being shared by the medical product firm or that the person addressing the misinformation is affiliated with the firm and is authorized to provide information on behalf of the firm about the medical product. The guidance also provides recommendations for firms that wish to use a tailored responsive communication to address misinformation about or related to an unapproved use of the firm's approved/cleared medical product. Specifically, the guidance recommends including an additional disclosure identifying the unapproved use and noting that the unapproved use of the medical product has not been approved by FDA and that the safety and effectiveness of the medical product for the unapproved use has not been established. We estimate the burden of the information collection as follows: Table 1--Estimated Annual Third-Party Disclosure Burden \1\ ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Number of Recommended disclosure Number of disclosures Total annual Average burden per Total activity; guidance section respondents per disclosures disclosure hours respondent ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Clearly identify both the 958 50 47,900 0.4 (24 minutes)....... 19,160 specific misinformation that the firm is addressing and a specific internet-based, independent third-party communication in which that misinformation appears; Section IV.A. Q3. A mechanism for obtaining a 958 50 47,900 0.1 (6 minutes)........ 4,790 copy of the current FDA- required labeling (including FDA-approved patient labeling, if any); Section IV.A. Q5. The date the firm's tailored 958 50 47,900 0.05 (3 minutes)....... 2,395 responsive communication is posted (if a date is not automatically generated); Section IV.A. Q5. A disclosure that the tailored 958 50 47,900 0.1 (6 minutes)........ 4,790 responsive communication is being shared by the medical product firm or that the person addressing the misinformation is affiliated with the firm and is authorized to provide information on behalf of the firm about the medical product; Section IV.A. Q5. In the case of a tailored 958 5 4,790 0.1 (6 minutes)........ 479 responsive communication that addresses misinformation about an unapproved use of the firm's approved/cleared medical product, a disclosure identifying the unapproved use and noting that the unapproved use of the medical product has not been approved by FDA and that the safety and effectiveness of the medical product for the unapproved use has not been established; Section IV.A. Q5. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total..................... .............. .............. 196,390 ....................... 31,614 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ There are no capital costs or operating and maintenance costs associated with this collection of information. [[Page 56390]] Based on data currently available to FDA on the number of firms disseminating promotional communications about prescription drugs (697) combined with an estimated number of device firms marketing products (261), we assume that approximately 958 firms (``number of respondents'' in table 1) might each choose to disseminate 50 tailored responsive communications annually. Our estimate of the burden per disclosure reflects what we believe is the average burden based on the number and content and complexity of disclosures as recommended in the guidance. This draft guidance also refers to previously approved FDA collections of information. The collections of information in 21 CFR part 314 are approved under OMB control number 0910-0001. The collections of information in 21 CFR part 201 regarding content and format of labeling for human drug and biological products are approved under OMB control number 0910-0572. The collections of information in 21 CFR part 801 are approved under OMB control number 0910-0485. The collections of information in 21 CFR 202.1 regarding prescription drug advertising are approved under OMB control number 0910-0686. The collections of information in 21 CFR part 601 regarding marketing approval of biological products are approved under OMB control number 0910-0338; and the collections of information regarding marketing approval of animal drug products in 21 CFR part 514 are approved under OMB control number 0910-0032. III. Electronic Access Persons with access to the internet may obtain an electronic version of the draft guidance at https://www.fda.gov/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Guidances/default.htm, https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/guidance-compliance-regulatory-information-biologics/biologics-guidances, https://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/DeviceRegulationandGuidance/GuidanceDocuments/default.htm, https://www.fda.gov/animal-veterinary/guidance-regulations/guidance-industry, https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents, or https://www.regulations.gov. Dated: July 3, 2024. Lauren K. Roth, Associate Commissioner for Policy. [FR Doc. 2024-15009 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4164-01-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:00.785671

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14995

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56390-56391] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14995] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration [Docket No. FDA-2024-N-2844] Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposed Collection; Comment Request; Reclassification Petitions for Medical Devices AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS. ACTION: Notice. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or Agency) is announcing an opportunity for public comment on the proposed collection of certain information by the Agency. Under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (PRA), Federal Agencies are required to publish notice in the Federal Register concerning each proposed collection of information, including each proposed extension of an existing collection of information, and to allow 60 days for public comment in response to the notice. This notice solicits comments on information collection associated with reclassification of medical devices. DATES: Either electronic or written comments on the collection of information must be submitted by September 9, 2024. ADDRESSES: You may submit comments as follows. Please note that late, untimely filed comments will not be considered. The https://www.regulations.gov electronic filing system will accept comments until 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time at the end of September 9, 2024. Comments received by mail/hand delivery/courier (for written/paper submissions) will be considered timely if they are received on or before that date. Electronic Submissions Submit electronic comments in the following way: Federal eRulemaking Portal: https://www.regulations.gov. Follow the instructions for submitting comments. Comments submitted electronically, including attachments, to https://www.regulations.gov will be posted to the docket unchanged. Because your comment will be made public, you are solely responsible for ensuring that your comment does not include any confidential information that you or a third party may not wish to be posted, such as medical information, your or anyone else's Social Security number, or confidential business information, such as a manufacturing process. Please note that if you include your name, contact information, or other information that identifies you in the body of your comments, that information will be posted on https://www.regulations.gov. If you want to submit a comment with confidential information that you do not wish to be made available to the public, submit the comment as a written/paper submission and in the manner detailed (see ``Written/Paper Submissions'' and ``Instructions''). Written/Paper Submissions Submit written/paper submissions as follows: Mail/Hand Delivery/Courier (for written/paper submissions): Dockets Management Staff (HFA-305), Food and Drug Administration, 5630 Fishers Lane, Rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852. For written/paper comments submitted to the Dockets Management Staff, FDA will post your comment, as well as any attachments, except for information submitted, marked and identified, as confidential, if submitted as detailed in ``Instructions.'' Instructions: All submissions received must include the Docket No. FDA-2024-N-2844 for ``Agency Information Collection Activities; Proposed Collection; Comment Request; Reclassification Petitions for Medical Devices.'' Received comments, those filed in a timely manner (see ADDRESSES), will be placed in the docket and, except for those submitted as ``Confidential Submissions,'' publicly viewable at https://www.regulations.gov or at the Dockets Management Staff between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday through Friday, 240-402-7500. Confidential Submissions--To submit a comment with confidential information that you do not wish to be made publicly available, submit your comments only as a written/paper submission. You should submit two copies total. One copy will include the information you claim to be confidential with a heading or cover note that states ``THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION.'' The Agency will review this copy, including the claimed confidential information, in its consideration of comments. The second copy, which will have the claimed confidential information redacted/blacked out, will be available for public viewing and posted on https://www.regulations.gov. Submit both copies to the Dockets Management [[Page 56391]] Staff. If you do not wish your name and contact information to be made publicly available, you can provide this information on the cover sheet and not in the body of your comments and you must identify this information as ``confidential.'' Any information marked as ``confidential'' will not be disclosed except in accordance with 21 CFR 10.20 and other applicable disclosure law. For more information about FDA's posting of comments to public dockets, see 80 FR 56469, September 18, 2015, or access the information at: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2015-09-18/pdf/2015-23389.pdf. Docket: For access to the docket to read background documents or the electronic and written/paper comments received, go to https://www.regulations.gov and insert the docket number, found in brackets in the heading of this document, into the ``Search'' box and follow the prompts and/or go to the Dockets Management Staff, 5630 Fishers Lane, Rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852, 240-402-7500. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: JonnaLynn Capezzuto, Office of Operations, Food and Drug Administration, Three White Flint North, 10A- 12M, 11601 Landsdown St., North Bethesda, MD 20852, 301-796-3794, [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Under the PRA (44 U.S.C. 3501-3521), Federal Agencies must obtain approval from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for each collection of information they conduct or sponsor. ``Collection of information'' is defined in 44 U.S.C. 3502(3) and 5 CFR 1320.3(c) and includes Agency requests or requirements that members of the public submit reports, keep records, or provide information to a third party. Section 3506(c)(2)(A) of the PRA (44 U.S.C. 3506(c)(2)(A)) requires Federal Agencies to provide a 60-day notice in the Federal Register concerning each proposed collection of information, including each proposed extension of an existing collection of information, before submitting the collection to OMB for approval. To comply with this requirement, FDA is publishing notice of the proposed collection of information set forth in this document. With respect to the following collection of information, FDA invites comments on these topics: (1) whether the proposed collection of information is necessary for the proper performance of FDA's functions, including whether the information will have practical utility; (2) the accuracy of FDA's estimate of the burden of the proposed collection of information, including the validity of the methodology and assumptions used; (3) ways to enhance the quality, utility, and clarity of the information to be collected; and (4) ways to minimize the burden of the collection of information on respondents, including through the use of automated collection techniques, when appropriate, and other forms of information technology. Reclassification Petitions for Medical Devices--21 CFR Part 860, Subpart C OMB Control Number 0910-0138--Extension This information collection helps support implementation of statutory provisions found in sections 513(e) and (f), 514(b), 515(b), and 520(l) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act) (21 U.S.C. 360c(e) and (f), 21 U.S.C. 360d(b), 21 U.S.C. 360e((b), and 21 U.S.C. 360j(l)) pertaining to the reclassification of medical devices. Specifically, the FD&C Act establishes three tiers of regulatory control for medical devices, by establishing three classes of medical devices, and requiring that all devices be classified into one of these three classes. The classification of a device depends upon the degree of regulatory control necessary to provide a reasonable assurance of the safety and effectiveness of the device. The three tiers of regulatory control are: (1) Class I--general controls, subject to sections 501 adulteration, 502 misbranding, 510 registration, 516 banned devices, 518 notification and other remedies, 519 records and reports, and 520 general provisions of the FD&C Act; (2) Class II-- performance standards; and (3) Class III--premarket approval. Implementing regulations in 21 CFR part 860, subpart C (parts 860.120 through 860.136) provide that any person may petition for reclassification of a device from any class to any other class, and prescribe requisite format and content elements for reclassification petitions submitted to the Agency. We also provide information on our website at https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/cdrh-transparency/reclassification regarding medical device reclassification, which may serve as a helpful resource to respondents. FDA is responsible for reviewing petitions for reclassification and determining whether the subject device will be reclassified. In some instances, FDA also submits such petitions to one of its medical device advisory panels for review and recommendations. FDA's decision regarding the reclassification of a device is based primarily upon the information contained in the petition. Respondents to the information collection are private sector, for-profit businesses. We have not identified reclassification petitions as a type of submission we are currently prepared to accept electronically. Submission instructions, including addresses, are provided in Sec. 860.123(b). FDA estimates the burden of this collection of information as follows: Table 1--Estimated Annual Reporting Burden \1\ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Number of 21 CFR part; activity Number of responses per Total annual Average burden Total hours respondents respondent responses per response -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sec. 860.123; supporting data for reclassification petitions..... 12 1 12 497 5,964 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \1\ There are no capital costs or operating and maintenance costs associated with this collection of information. Reclassification petitions must be submitted as set forth in the applicable regulations, which provide for the submission of an original and two copies (Sec. 860.123(b)(4)). Each petition must include supporting data to show why reclassification of the device type will provide reasonable assurance of the safety and effectiveness of the device type. The principal data in such a petition will typically be reports of clinical trials. Our estimated burden for the information collection reflects an increase of 6 responses and a corresponding increase of 2,982 hours. We attribute this adjustment to an increase in the number of submissions we received over the last few years. Dated: July 3, 2024. Lauren K. Roth, Associate Commissioner for Policy. [FR Doc. 2024-14995 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4164-01-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:00.847934

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15003

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56392-56393] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15003] [[Page 56392]] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration [Docket No. FDA-2024-D-2484] Purpose and Content of Use-Related Risk Analyses for Drugs, Biological Products and Combination Products; Draft Guidance for Industry and Food and Drug Administration Staff; Availability AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS. ACTION: Notice of availability. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or Agency) is announcing the availability of a draft guidance for industry and FDA staff entitled ``Purpose and Content of Use-Related Risk Analyses for Drugs, Biological Products, and Combination Products.'' This document provides guidance to industry and FDA staff on the purpose and content of a use- related risk analysis (URRA) and how a URRA, along with other information, can be used to determine human factors (HF) data needs during product development and to support a marketing application. DATES: Submit either electronic or written comments on the draft guidance by September 9, 2024 to ensure that the Agency considers your comment on this draft guidance before it begins work on the final version of the guidance. ADDRESSES: You may submit comments on any guidance at any time as follows: Electronic Submissions Submit electronic comments in the following way: Federal eRulemaking Portal: https://www.regulations.gov. Follow the instructions for submitting comments. Comments submitted electronically, including attachments, to https://www.regulations.gov will be posted to the docket unchanged. Because your comment will be made public, you are solely responsible for ensuring that your comment does not include any confidential information that you or a third party may not wish to be posted, such as medical information, your or anyone else's Social Security number, or confidential business information, such as a manufacturing process. Please note that if you include your name, contact information, or other information that identifies you in the body of your comments, that information will be posted on https://www.regulations.gov. If you want to submit a comment with confidential information that you do not wish to be made available to the public, submit the comment as a written/paper submission and in the manner detailed (see ``Written/Paper Submissions'' and ``Instructions''). Written/Paper Submissions Submit written/paper submissions as follows: Mail/Hand Delivery/Courier (for written/paper submissions): Dockets Management Staff (HFA-305), Food and Drug Administration, 5630 Fishers Lane, Rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852. For written/paper comments submitted to the Dockets Management Staff, FDA will post your comment, as well as any attachments, except for information submitted, marked and identified, as confidential, if submitted as detailed in ``Instructions.'' Instructions: All submissions received must include the Docket No. FDA-2024-D-2484 for ``Purpose and Content of Use-Related Risk Analyses for Drugs, Biological Products and Combination Products.'' Received comments will be placed in the docket and, except for those submitted as ``Confidential Submissions,'' publicly viewable at https://www.regulations.gov or at the Dockets Management Staff between 9 a.m. and 4 p.m., Monday through Friday, 240-402-7500. Confidential Submissions--To submit a comment with confidential information that you do not wish to be made publicly available, submit your comments only as a written/paper submission. You should submit two copies total. One copy will include the information you claim to be confidential with a heading or cover note that states ``THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION.'' The Agency will review this copy, including the claimed confidential information, in its consideration of comments. The second copy, which will have the claimed confidential information redacted/blacked out, will be available for public viewing and posted on https://www.regulations.gov. Submit both copies to the Dockets Management Staff. If you do not wish your name and contact information to be made publicly available, you can provide this information on the cover sheet and not in the body of your comments and you must identify this information as ``confidential.'' Any information marked as ``confidential'' will not be disclosed except in accordance with 21 CFR 10.20 and other applicable disclosure law. For more information about FDA's posting of comments to public dockets, see 80 FR 56469, September 18, 2015, or access the information at: https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2015-09-18/pdf/2015-23389.pdf. Docket: For access to the docket to read background documents or the electronic and written/paper comments received, go to https://www.regulations.gov and insert the docket number, found in brackets in the heading of this document, into the ``Search'' box and follow the prompts and/or go to the Dockets Management Staff, 5630 Fishers Lane, Rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852, 240-402-7500. You may submit comments on any guidance at any time (see 21 CFR 10.115(g)(5)). Submit written requests for single copies of this draft guidance to the Division of Drug Information, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10001 New Hampshire Ave., Hillandale Building, 4th Floor, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002; the Office of Communication, Outreach, and Development, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave., Bldg. 71, Rm. 3128, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002; or the Office of Policy, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave., Bldg. 66, Rm. 5431, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002. Send one self-addressed adhesive label to assist that office in processing your requests. See the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section for electronic access to the draft guidance document. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Jason Flint, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Bldg. 22, Rm. 4488, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002, 240- 402-6293, [email protected]; Tania Reina, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave., Bldg. 66, Rm. 2502, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002, 301-221-7499; John Barlow Weiner, Office of Combination Products, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave., Bldg. 32, Rm. 5129, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002, 301-796-8930, [email protected]; or James Myers, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave., Bldg. 71, Rm. 7226, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002, 240-402-5923. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: I. Background FDA is announcing the availability of a draft guidance for industry and FDA staff entitled ``Purpose and Content of Use-Related Risk Analyses for Drugs, Biological Products, and Combination [[Page 56393]] Products.'' This guidance provides recommendations to industry and FDA staff on the purpose and content of a URRA and how a URRA, along with other information, can be used to determine HF data needs during product development and to support a marketing application. This guidance applies to drug- and biologic-led combination products that are the subject of an investigational new drug application (IND), a new drug application (NDA), or a biologics license application (BLA) and supplements to these applications. This guidance also applies to human prescription drug products, including biological products, that are the subject of an IND, NDA, or BLA and supplements to these applications, and to human nonprescription drug products that are the subject of an IND or NDA and supplements to these applications. This guidance does not describe the methods used to design, conduct, or analyze human factors studies (for example, human factors validation studies or comparative use human factors studies). The URRA is a risk management tool that supports the entire human factors engineering process and should be considered as part of an overall risk management framework. The URRA can be used in all phases of the medical product lifecycle. As part of evaluating the products as described above, FDA will evaluate human factors data submitted by sponsors to support the product user interface when submission of such data is warranted. The URRA can be used as one data element to help determine whether submission of human factors data is warranted. This draft guidance is being issued consistent with FDA's good guidance practices regulation (21 CFR 10.115). The draft guidance, when finalized, will represent the current thinking of FDA on ``Purpose and Content of Use-Related Risk Analyses for Drugs, Biological Products and Combination Products.'' It does not establish any rights for any person and is not binding on FDA or the public. You can use an alternative approach if it satisfies the requirements of the applicable statutes and regulations. II. Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 While this guidance contains no collection of information, it does refer to previously approved FDA collections of information. The previously approved collections of information are subject to review by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) under the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (PRA) (44 U.S.C. 3501-3521). The collections of information in 21 CFR part 312 pertaining to the submission of INDs have been approved under OMB control number 0910-0014. The collections of information in 21 CFR part 314 pertaining to the submission of NDAs and supplements to NDAs have been approved under 0910-0001. The collections of information in 21 CFR part 601 pertaining to the submissions of BLAs and supplements to BLAs have been approved under OMB control number 0910-0338. III. Electronic Access Persons with access to the internet may obtain the draft guidance at https://www.fda.gov/drugs/guidance-compliance-regulatory-information/guidances-drugs, https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/guidance-compliance-regulatory-information-biologics/biologics-guidances, https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/device-advice-comprehensive-regulatory-assistance/guidance-documents-medical-devices-and-radiation-emitting-products, https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents, or https://www.regulations.gov. Dated: July 2, 2024. Lauren K. Roth, Associate Commissioner for Policy. [FR Doc. 2024-15003 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4164-01-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:00.870733

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15008

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56393-56395] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15008] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Food and Drug Administration [Docket No. FDA-2017-N-6395] Request for Applications for New Members of the Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative/Food and Drug Administration Patient Engagement Collaborative AGENCY: Food and Drug Administration, HHS. ACTION: Notice; request for applications. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or Agency), in collaboration with the Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative (CTTI), is requesting applications from patient advocates interested in participating on the Patient Engagement Collaborative (PEC). The PEC is an ongoing, collaborative forum coordinated through the FDA's Patient Affairs Staff, Office of Clinical Policy and Programs (OCPP), Office of the Commissioner at FDA, and is hosted by CTTI. Through the PEC, the patient community and FDA staff are able to discuss an array of topics related to increasing meaningful patient engagement with diverse populations in medical product development and regulatory discussions at FDA. The activities of the PEC may include, but are not limited to, providing diverse perspectives on topics such as systematic patient engagement, transparency, and communication; providing considerations for implementing new strategies to enhance patient engagement at FDA; and proposing new models of collaboration in which patient, caregiver, and patient advocate perspectives can inform medical product development and regulatory discussions. DATES: Applications can be submitted starting at 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on July 9, 2024. This announcement is open to receive a maximum of 75 applications. Applications will be accepted until 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on August 8, 2024 or until 75 applications are received, whichever happens first. ADDRESSES: All applications should be submitted to FDA's Patient Affairs Staff in OCPP. The preferred application method is via the online submission system provided by CTTI, available at https://duke.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_3DllHjcaGryUIlg. For those applicants unable to submit an application electronically, please call FDA's Patient Affairs Staff at 301-796-8460 to arrange for mail or delivery service submission. Only complete applications, as described under section IV of this document, will be considered. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Wendy Slavit, Office of the Commissioner, Office of Clinical Policy and Programs, Patient Affairs Staff, Food and Drug Administration, 301-796-8460, [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: I. Background and Purpose The CTTI is a public-private partnership cofounded by FDA and Duke University whose mission is to develop and drive adoption of practices that will increase the quality and efficiency of clinical trials. FDA and CTTI have long involved patients and considered patient perspectives in their work. Furthering the engagement of diverse patients as valued partners across the medical product research and development continuum requires an open forum for patients and regulators to discuss and exchange ideas. The PEC is an ongoing, collaborative forum in which the patient community and FDA Staff discuss an array of topics related to increasing patient engagement [[Page 56394]] in medical product development and regulatory discussions at FDA. The PEC is a joint endeavor between FDA and CTTI. The activities of the PEC may inform relevant FDA and CTTI activities. The PEC is not intended to advise or otherwise direct the activities of either organization, and membership will not constitute employment by either organization. The Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act (Pub. L. 112-14), section 1137, entitled ``Patient Participation in Medical Product Discussions,'' added section 569C to the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 360bbb-8c). This provision directs the Secretary of Health and Human Services to ``develop and implement strategies to solicit the views of patients during the medical product development process and consider the perspectives of patients during regulatory discussions.'' On November 4, 2014, FDA issued a Federal Register notice establishing a docket (FDA-2014-N-1698) for public commenters to submit information related to FDA's implementation of this provision. Upon review of the comments received, one common theme, among others, included establishing an external group to provide input on patient engagement strategies across FDA's Centers. After considering the comments, FDA formed the PEC in 2018 to discuss a variety of patient engagement topics. This group is consistent with additional legislation subsequently enacted in section 3001 of the 21st Century Cures Act (Pub. L. 114-255) and section 605 of the FDA Reauthorization Act of 2017 (Pub. L. 115-52), further supporting tools for fostering patient participation in the regulatory process. The PEC currently has 16 members. To help ensure continuity in its activities and organizational knowledge, the PEC maintains staggered membership terms. During the fall of 2024, eight members will complete a term and up to eight new members will be selected. The purpose of this notice is to announce that the application process for up to eight new members of the PEC is now open, and to invite and encourage applications by the submission deadline for appropriately qualified individuals. II. Criteria for Membership The PEC includes up to 16 diverse representatives of the patient community. Eight members from the previous application process will remain on the PEC. The current application process is to select up to eight new PEC members. Selected members will include the following: (1) patients who have personal experience with a disease or medical condition; (2) caregivers who help support a patient--parent, child, partner, other family member, or friend--as they manage their disease or medical condition; and/or (3) representatives of patient groups who, through their role in the patient group, have direct or indirect disease experience. Please note that for purposes of this activity, the term ``caregiver'' is not intended to include individuals who are engaged in caregiving as healthcare professionals; and the term ``patient group'' is used herein to encompass patient advocacy organizations, disease advocacy organizations, voluntary health agencies, nonprofit research foundations, and public health organizations. The ultimate goal of the application and selection process is to identify individuals who can represent patient voices for their patient community. Selection criteria include the applicant's potential to meaningfully contribute to the activities of the PEC, ability to represent and express patient voices for their constituency, ability to work in a constructive manner with interested parties/groups (such as patients, caregivers, advocates, academic institutions, government agencies, medical product development companies), and understanding of the clinical research enterprise. Consideration will also be given to ensuring the PEC includes diverse perspectives and experiences, including but not limited to sociodemographic factors (such as age, gender, ethnicity, and education level) and disease experience. PEC members are required to be residents of the United States and must be 18 years of age or older. Financial and other conflicts of interest will not necessarily make applicants ineligible for membership in the PEC. However, applicants cannot be direct employees of the medical product development industry or a currently registered lobbyist for an FDA-regulated industry. III. Responsibilities and Expectations Participation as a PEC member is voluntary. Meetings will be held up to four times per year and will be conducted virtually with the potential for in-person events (in the Washington, DC area). Reasonable accommodations will be made for members with special needs for participation in a meeting or for any necessary travel. Applications for PEC membership are encouraged from individuals of all ages, sexes, genders, sexual orientations, racial and ethnic groups, education levels, income levels, geographic locations, and those with and without disabilities. Travel support will be provided, as applicable. To help ensure continuity in its activities and organizational knowledge, the PEC will maintain staggered membership terms for patient community representatives. Membership terms for new members will be 2- year appointments, beginning January 1, 2025. Additional responsibilities and expectations are set forth in the PEC Framework, which should be reviewed prior to submitting an application, and is available at https://ctti-clinicaltrials.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/PEC-Framework_Revised-Apr-10-2023_FINAL.pdf. IV. Application Process Any interested person may apply for membership on the PEC. To apply, go to https://duke.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_3DllHjcaGryUIlg. The application is completed online and includes questions to help determine eligibility for the PEC, demographic and other background questions, and four brief essay questions. The brief essay questions, to be answered in 500 characters or fewer (including spaces), are as follows: Please explain why and how you would be able to represent and express the patient voice for the disease area(s) you selected above. Please give a few examples of experiences that demonstrate how you use active listening and two-way communication to work across interested parties/groups (such as patients, caregivers, advocates, academic institutions, government agencies, medical product development companies). Please provide a few examples of any experience you have with medical product development or understanding regulatory processes. Please tell us why you are interested in becoming a member of the PEC and how you would enrich our group discussions. Completing the application also involves submitting: (1) a current one-page r[eacute]sum[eacute] or bio that summarizes your patient advocacy experience and related activities (PDF format required) and (2) a one-page letter of endorsement from a patient group (or other similar group) with which the applicant has worked closely on activities that are relevant to the PEC (PDF format required). Please note, only the application and the two documents specified above will be reviewed. Your completed application form, r[eacute]sum[eacute] or [[Page 56395]] bio, and letter of endorsement should all be submitted at the same time. The r[eacute]sum[eacute] or bio must provide examples and descriptions of relevant activities and experiences related to the applicant's qualifications for PEC membership. The letter of endorsement should emphasize information relevant to the criteria for membership described above. This letter must be from and written by someone other than yourself. The letter may address topics such as the applicant's involvement in patient advocacy activities, experiences that stimulated an interest in participating in discussions about patient engagement in medical product development and regulatory decision processes, and other information that may be helpful in evaluating the applicant's qualifications as a potential member of the PEC. Applications will be accepted until 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on August 8, 2024 or until 75 applications are received, whichever happens first. Only complete applications will be considered. The application review period will take a minimum of 2 months after 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on August 8, 2024. Additional information may be needed from some applicants during the review period, including information relevant to understanding potential sources of conflict of interest, in which case applicants will be contacted directly. All applicants (both those selected for PEC membership and those who are not selected) will be notified by email of the final application decision no later than December 31, 2024. Dated: July 3, 2024. Lauren K. Roth, Associate Commissioner for Policy. [FR Doc. 2024-15008 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4164-01-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:00.928490

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14963

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Page 56395] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14963] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES Indian Health Service Funding Opportunity for Ending the HIV/HCV/Syphilis Epidemics in Indian Country II (ETHIC II): A Syndemic Elimination Program for American Indian/Alaska Native Tribes and Urban Indian Communities Announcement Type: New. Funding Announcement Number: HHS-2024-IHS-ETHIC-0001. Assistance Listing (Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance or CFDA) Number: 93.933. Key Dates Application Deadline Date: July 31, 2024. Earliest Anticipated Start Date: September 1, 2024. I. Funding Opportunity Description Statutory Authority The Indian Health Service (IHS) is accepting applications for the second round of cooperative agreement for the Ending the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), and Syphilis Epidemics (known as ``the Syndemic'') in Indian Country (ETHIC II) program. This program is authorized under the Snyder Act, 25 U.S.C. 13; the Transfer Act, 42 U.S.C. 2001(a); and the Indian Health Care Improvement Act, 25 U.S.C. 1621q, 1660e. The Assistance Listings section of SAM.gov (https://sam.gov/content/home) describes this program under 93.933. Purpose The purpose of this program is to support communities to directly increase the diagnoses, treatment, and prevention of HIV, HCV, and syphilis. The full Notice of Funding Opportunity and all application materials can be found on Grants.gov at https://grants.gov/search-results-detail/355020. II. Award Information Funding Instrument--Cooperative Agreement Estimated Funds Available The total funding identified for fiscal year (FY) 2024 is approximately $14 million. Individual award amounts are anticipated to be between $150,000 and $2,000,000. Anticipated Number of Awards The IHS anticipates issuing approximately 26 awards under this program announcement. Period of Performance The period of performance is for 5 years. III. Eligibility Information 1. Eligibility To be eligible for this funding opportunity an applicant must be one of the following, as defined by 25 U.S.C. 1603: A federally recognized Indian Tribe as defined by 25 U.S.C. 1603(14). A Tribal organization as defined by 25 U.S.C. 1603(26). An Urban Indian organization, as defined by 25 U.S.C. 1603(29). IV. Agency Contacts 1. Questions on the program matters may be directed to: Rick Haverkate, HIV/HCV/STI Branch, 5600 Fishers Lane, 08N07, MAIL STOP: 08N34-A, Rockville, MD 20857, Phone: 240-678-2873, Fax: 301-594- 6213, Email: [email protected]. 2. Questions on awards management and fiscal matters may be directed to: Indian Health Service, Division of Grants Management, 5600 Fishers Lane, Mail Stop: 09E70, Rockville, MD 20857, Email: [email protected]. 3. For technical assistance with Grants.gov, please contact the Grants.gov help desk at (800) 518-4726, or by email at [email protected]. 4. For technical assistance with GrantSolutions, please contact the GrantSolutions help desk at (866) 577-0771, or by email at [email protected]. V. Other Information The Public Health Service strongly encourages all grant, cooperative agreement, and contract recipients to provide a smoke-free workplace and promote the non-use of all tobacco products. In addition, Public Law 103-227, the Pro-Children Act of 1994, prohibits smoking in certain facilities (or in some cases, any portion of the facility) in which regular or routine education, library, day care, health care, or early childhood development services are provided to children. This is consistent with the HHS mission to protect and advance the physical and mental health of the American people. Roselyn Tso, Director, Indian Health Service. [FR Doc. 2024-14963 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4166-14-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:01.037718

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14968

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56395-56396] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14968] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute on Aging; Notice of Meeting Pursuant to section 1009 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act, as amended, notice is hereby given of a meeting of the Board of Scientific Counselors, NIA. The meeting will be open to the public as indicated below, with attendance limited to space available. Individuals who plan to attend and need special assistance, such as sign language interpretation or other reasonable accommodations, should [[Page 56396]] notify the Contact Person listed below in advance of the meeting. The meeting will be closed to the public as indicated below in accordance with the provisions set forth in sections 552b(c)(4) and 552b(c)(6), title 5 U.S.C., as amended for the review, discussion, and evaluation of individual grant applications conducted by the National Institute On Aging, including consideration of personnel qualifications and performance, and the competence of individual investigators, the disclosure of which would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: Board of Scientific Counselors, NIA Board of Scientific Counselors, NIA. Date: October 22-24, 2024. Closed: October 22, 2024, 8:00 a.m. to 8:45 a.m. Agenda: Executive Session; Opening Remarks (Richard J. Hodes, M.D., NIA Director, and Luigi Ferrucci, M.D., Ph.D., Scientific Director, NIA); Board Business (Holly M. Brown-Borg, Ph.D., Acting Chairperson). Place: National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center, 3C211/Virtual, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224 (Virtual Meeting). Open: October 22, 2024, 8:45 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. Agenda: Translational Gerontology Branch Overview (Rafael de Cabo, Ph.D., Laboratory Chief, Senior Investigator, TGB Reviewers); Discussion; (Robert Brosh, Ph.D., Senior Investigator, TGB Reviewers); Discussion; Break; (Natan Basisty, Ph.D., NIH Distinguished Investigator, Tenure-Track Investigator, Translational Gerontology Branch); Discussion. Place: National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224 (Virtual Meeting). Closed: October 22, 2024, 11:30 a.m. to 2:00 p.m. Agenda: Drs. de Cabo, Brosh, and Basisty meet individually and privately with BSC members; Break; Executive Session Luncheon. Place: National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224 (Virtual Meeting). Open: October 22, 2024, 2:00 p.m. to 4:00 p.m. Agenda: (Isabel Beerman, Ph.D., Earl Stadtman Tenure-Track Investigator, Translational Gerontology Branch Reviewers); Discussion (Rafael de Cabo, Ph.D., Senior Investigator, Translational Gerontology Branch Reviewers); Discussion. Place: National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224 (Virtual Meeting). Closed: October 22, 2024, 4:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m. Agenda: Drs. Beerman and de Cabo meet individually and privately with BSC members; Break; Executive Session; Adjourn. Place: National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224 (Virtual Meeting). Closed: October 23, 2024, 8:00 a.m. to 8:30 a.m. Agenda: Executive Session; Opening Remarks (Richard J. Hodes, M.D., NIA Director, and Luigi Ferrucci, M.D., Ph.D., Scientific Director, NIA); Board Business (Holly M. Brown-Borg, Ph.D., Acting Chairperson). Place: National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center, 3C211/Virtual, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224 (Virtual Meeting). Open: October 23, 2024, 8:30 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. Agenda: (Julie Mattison, Ph.D., Staff Scientist 2 (Facility Head), Translational Gerontology Branch Reviewers); Discussion; (Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging) (Eleanor Simonsick, Ph.D., Epidemiologist, Translational Gerontology Branch Reviewers); Discussion; Break; Title (Nigel Greig, Ph.D., Senior Investigator, Translational Gerontology Branch Reviewers); Discussion). Place: National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224 (Virtual Meeting). Closed: October 23, 2024, 11:30 a.m. to 1:30 p.m. Agenda: Drs. Mattison, Simonsick, and Greig meet individually and privately with BSC members; Executive Session Luncheon. Place: National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center, 3A519/Virtual, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224 (Virtual Meeting). Open: October 23, 2024, 1:30 p.m. to 2:30 p.m. Agenda: (Luigi Ferrucci, M.D., Senior Investigator, Translational Gerontology Branch Reviewers); Discussion. Place: National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224 (Virtual Meeting). Closed: October 23, 2024, 2:30 p.m. to 6:00 p.m. Agenda: Dr. Ferrucci meets individually and privately with BSC members; Break; Laboratory/Branch Leadership Overview (Rafael del Cabo, Ph.D., Laboratory Chief, Senior Investigator, Translational Gerontology Branch Discussion Leader); Discussion with the Laboratory/Branch Chief; Leadership Review Discussion; Break; BSC members to meet with Fellows from Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience; Executive Session; Adjourn. Place: National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224 (Virtual Meeting). Closed: October 24, 2024, 8:00 a.m. to 8:30 a.m. Agenda: Executive Session; Opening Remarks (Richard J. Hodes, M.D., NIA Director, and Luigi Ferrucci, M.D., Ph.D., Scientific Director, NIA); Board Business (Holly Brown-Borg, Ph.D., Acting Chairperson). Place: National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center, 3C211/Virtual, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224 (Virtual Meeting). Open: October 24, 2024, 8:30 a.m. to 10:15 a.m. Agenda: (AD Concept) (Luigi Ferrucci, M.D., Ph.D., Senior Investigator, Translational Gerontology Branch Reviewer); Discussion; (AD Concept) (Keenan Walker, Ph.D., NIH Distinguished Scholar, Tenure-track Investigator of Behavioral Neurosciences Reviewers); Discussion; (AD R&D Concept) (Mustapha Bouhrara, Ph.D., Earl Stadtman Tenure-Track Investigator, Laboratory of Clinical Investigator Reviewers); Discussion; Break. Place: National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224 (Virtual Meeting). Closed: October 24, 2024, 10:15 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. Agenda: Executive Session Luncheon; Adjourn. Place: National Institutes of Health, Biomedical Research Center, 3A519/Virtual, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD 21224 (Virtual Meeting). Contact Person: Luigi Ferrucci, M.D., Ph.D., Scientific Director, National Institute on Aging, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Room 4C225, Baltimore, MD 21224, 410-558-8110, [email protected]. (Catalogue of Federal Domestic Assistance Program Nos. 93.866, Aging Research, National Institutes of Health, HHS) Dated: July 2, 2024. Miguelina Perez, Program Analyst, Office of Federal Advisory Committee Policy. [FR Doc. 2024-14968 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4140-01-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:01.077215

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14967

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56396-56397] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14967] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of General Medical Sciences; Notice of Meeting Pursuant to section 1009 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act, as amended, notice is hereby given of a meeting of the National Advisory General Medical Sciences Council. The meeting will be held as a virtual meeting and open to the public, as indicated below. Individuals who plan to view the virtual meeting and need special assistance, such as sign language interpretation or other reasonable accommodations, should submit a request using the following link: https://www.nigms.nih.gov/Pages/ContactUs.aspx at least 5 days prior to the event. The open session will also be videocast, closed captioned, and can be accessed from the NIH Videocasting and Podcasting website (http://videocast.nih.gov). The meeting will be closed to the public in accordance with the [[Page 56397]] provisions set forth in sections 552b(c)(4) and 552b(c)(6), title 5 U.S.C., as amended. The grant applications and the discussions could disclose confidential trade secrets or commercial property such as patentable material, and personal information concerning individuals associated with the grant applications, the disclosure of which would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Advisory General Medical Sciences Council. Date: September 18, 2024. Open: 9:30 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. Agenda: For the discussion of program policies and issues; opening remarks; report of the Director, NIGMS; and other business of the Council. Place: National Institutes of Health, Natcher Building, 45 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, (Virtual Meeting). Closed: 1:30 p.m. to 5:00 p.m. Agenda: To review and evaluate grant applications. Place: National Institutes of Health, Natcher Building, 45 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, (Virtual Meeting). Contact Person: Erica L. Brown, Ph.D., Director, Division of Extramural Activities, National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Natcher Building, Room 2AN24C, Bethesda, MD 20892, 301-594-4499, [email protected]. Members of the public are welcome to provide written comments by emailing [email protected] at least 3 days in advance of the meeting. The statement should include the name, address, telephone number and when applicable, the business or professional affiliation of the interested person. Information is also available on the Institute's/Center's home page: http://www.nigms.nih.gov/About/Council, where an agenda and any additional information for the meeting will be posted when available. (Catalogue of Federal Domestic Assistance Program No. 93.859, Biomedical Research and Research Training, National Institutes of Health, HHS) Dated: July 2, 2024. Miguelina Perez, Program Analyst, Office of Federal Advisory Committee Policy. [FR Doc. 2024-14967 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4140-01-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:01.153757

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15014

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Page 56397] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15014] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Cancer Institute; Amended Notice of Meeting Notice is hereby given of a change in the meeting of the Frederick National Laboratory Advisory Council, July 10, 2024, 9:30 p.m. to July 10, 2024, 4:00 p.m., National Institutes of Health, 9606 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850 (Virtual Meeting), which was published in the Federal Register on June 24, 2024, FR Doc. 2024-13731, 89 FR 52481. This notice is being amended to change the meeting start time. The meeting will now be held from 1:00 p.m. to 4:00 p.m. instead of from 9:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. The meeting is open to the public. Dated: July 3, 2024. David W. Freeman, Supervisory Program Analyst, Office of Federal Advisory Committee Policy. [FR Doc. 2024-15014 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4140-01-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:01.240236

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14966

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Page 56397] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14966] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES National Institutes of Health National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Notice of Closed Meeting Pursuant to section 1009 of the Federal Advisory Committee Act, as amended, notice is hereby given of the following meetings. The meetings will be closed to the public in accordance with the provisions set forth in sections 552b(c)(4) and 552b(c)(6), title 5 U.S.C., as amended. The grant applications and the discussions could disclose confidential trade secrets or commercial property such as patentable material, and personal information concerning individuals associated with the grant applications, the disclosure of which would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of personal privacy. Name of Committee: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Special Emphasis Panel; NIAID Clinical Trial Implementation Cooperative Agreement (U01 Clinical Trial Required). Date: August 8, 2024. Time: 12:00 p.m. to 2:00 p.m. Agenda: To review and evaluate grant applications. Place: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 5601 Fishers Lane, Room 3G58, Rockville, MD 20892 (Video Assisted Meeting). Contact Person: Anuja Mathew, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Program, Division of Extramural Activities, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 5601 Fishers Lane, Room 3G58, Rockville, MD 20892, (301) 761-6911, [email protected]. Name of Committee: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Special Emphasis Panel; NIAID Clinical Trial Implementation Cooperative Agreement (U01 Clinical Trial Required). Date: August 12, 2024. Time: 1:00 p.m. to 3:00 p.m. Agenda: To review and evaluate grant applications. Place: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 5601 Fishers Lane, Room 3G58, Rockville, MD 20892, (Video Assisted Meeting). Contact Person: Anuja Mathew, Ph.D., Scientific Review Officer, Scientific Review Program, Division of Extramural Activities, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 5601 Fishers Lane, Room 3G58, Rockville, MD 20892, (301) 761-6911, [email protected]. (Catalogue of Federal Domestic Assistance Program Nos. 93.855, Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation Research; 93.856, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Research, National Institutes of Health, HHS) Dated: July 2, 2024. Lauren A. Fleck, Program Analyst, Office of Federal Advisory Committee Policy. [FR Doc. 2024-14966 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4140-01-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:01.342135

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14969

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56397-56398] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14969] ======================================================================= ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY Coast Guard [Docket No. USCG-2024-0591] National Maritime Security Advisory Committee; August 2024 Meeting AGENCY: United States Coast Guard, Department of Homeland Security. ACTION: Notice of open Federal advisory committee meeting. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The National Maritime Security Advisory Committee (Committee) will conduct a series of meetings over two days in conjunction with the 11th Annual Maritime Security West Conference in San Diego, CA to discuss the Committee's open taskings concerning Navigation and Vessel Inspection Circular (NVIC) 03-03 updates, Active Shooter/Active Threat in the Maritime Environment, Unmanned Systems in the Maritime Environment, and Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM) for Cybersecurity in the Marine Transportation System. All meetings will be open to the public and will not require registration to the Conference. DATES: Meetings: The Committee will meet on Tuesday, August 13, 2024, from 2:45 p.m. until 4:45 p.m. Pacific Standard Time (PST), and on Wednesday, August 14, 2024, from 9:00 a.m. until 10:00 a.m. [[Page 56398]] (PST). Please note these meetings may close early if the Committee has completed its business. Comments and supporting documentation: To ensure your comments are received by Committee members before the meetings, submit your written comments no later than August 9, 2024. ADDRESSES: The meetings will be held in the Garden conference room at the Paradise Point Resort, 1404 Vacation Road, San Diego, CA 92109 https://paradisepoint.com/. The meetings will also be held virtually. To join the virtual meetings or to request special accommodations, contact the individual listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section no later than 1 p.m. EST on August 9, 2024, to obtain the needed information. The number of virtual lines are limited and will be available on a first-come, first-served basis. Pre-registration information: Pre-registration is required for attending the virtual meeting. You must request attendance by contacting the individual listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section below. You will receive a response with attendance instructions. The National Maritime Security Advisory Committee is committed to ensuring all participants have equal access regardless of disability status. If you require reasonable accommodations due to a disability to fully participate, please email Mr. Ryan Owens at ryan.f.owens.uscg.mil or call (202) 302-6565 as soon as possible. Instructions: You are free to submit comments at any time, including orally at the meetings as time permits. But, if you want Committee members to review your comment before the meetings, please submit your comments no later than August 9, 2024. We are particularly interested in comments on the topics in the ``Agenda'' section below. We encourage you to submit comments through the Federal Decision Making Portal at https://www.regulations.gov. To do so, go to https://www.regulations.gov, type USCG-2024-0591 in the search box and click ``Search''. Next, look for this document in the Search Results column, and click on it. Then click on the Comment option. If your material cannot be submitted using https://www.regulations.gov, contact the individual in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section for alternate instructions. You must include the docket number USCG-2024-0591. Comments received will be posted without alteration at https://www.regulations.gov including any personal information provided. You may wish to review the Privacy and Security Notice found via a link on the homepage https://www.regulations.gov. and DHS's eRulemaking System of Records notice (85 FR 14226, March 11, 2020). If you encounter technical difficulties with comment submission, contact the individual listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section of this notice. Docket Search: Documents mentioned in this notice as being available in the docket, and all public comments, will be in our online docket at https://www.regulations.gov, and can be viewed by following that website's instructions. Additionally, if you go to the online docket and sign-up for email alerts, you will be notified when comments are posted. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mr. Ryan Owens, Alternate Designated Federal Officer of the National Maritime Security Advisory Committee, telephone 202-302-6565 or via email at [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Notice of these meetings is in compliance with the Federal Advisory Committee Act, (Pub. L. 117-286, 5 U.S.C. ch. 10). The Committee is authorized, by section 601 of the Frank LoBiondo Coast Guard Authorization Act of 2018, Public Law 115-282, 132 Stat. 4192, and is codified in 46 U.S.C. 70112. The Committee operates under the provisions of the Federal Advisory Committee Act and 46 U.S.C. 15109. The National Maritime Security Advisory Committee provides advice, consults with, and makes recommendations to the Secretary of Homeland Security, via the Commandant of the U.S. Coast Guard, on matters relating to national maritime security. Agenda Tuesday, August 13, 2024 (1) Call to Order. (2) Introduction. (3) Designated Federal Officer Remarks. (4) Roll call of Committee Members and determination of quorum. (5) Remarks from Committee Leadership. (6) Discussion of Task T-2023-02: Active Shooter/Active Threat in the Maritime Environment. (7) Discussion of Task T-2023-03: Unmanned Systems in the Maritime Environment. (8) Discussion of Task T-2023-01: Update of NVIC 03-03, ``Implementation Guidance for the Regulations Mandated by the Maritime Transportation Security Act of 2002 for Facilities.'' (9) Discussion of Committee Topic Out-Brief: Task T-2024-01: NPRM for Cybersecurity in the Marine Transportation System. (10) Public Comment Period. (11) Adjournment of Meeting. Wednesday, August 14, 2024 (1) Call to Order. (2) Introduction. (3) Roll call of Committee Members and determination of quorum. (4) Committee Open Topic Briefs and Public Discussions and Inputs. (5) Public Comment Period. (6) Adjournment of Meeting. A copy of all meeting documentation will be available at https://homeport.uscg.mil/NMSAC no later than August 9, 2024. Alternatively, you may contact Mr. Ryan Owens as noted in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section above. There will be a public comment period at the end of meetings. Speakers are requested to limit their comments to 3 minutes. Please note that the public comment period may end before the period allotted, following the last call for comments. Please contact the individual listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section above to register as a speaker. Dated: July 2, 2024. Amy M. Beach, Captain, U.S. Coast Guard, Director of Inspections and Compliance. [FR Doc. 2024-14969 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 9110-04-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:01.397431

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15023

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56398-56399] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15023] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF HOMELAND SECURITY Coast Guard [Docket No. USCG-2024-0386] Information Collection Request to Office of Management and Budget; OMB Control Number: 1625-0008 AGENCY: Coast Guard, DHS. ACTION: Sixty-day notice requesting comments. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: In compliance with the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, the U.S. Coast Guard intends to submit an Information Collection Request (ICR) to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA), requesting an extension of its approval for the following collection of information: 1625-0008, Regattas and Marine Parades; without change. Our ICR describes the information we seek to collect from the public. Before [[Page 56399]] submitting this ICR to OIRA, the Coast Guard is inviting comments as described below. DATES: Comments must reach the Coast Guard on or before September 9, 2024. ADDRESSES: You may submit comments identified by Coast Guard docket number [USCG-2024-0386] to the Coast Guard using the Federal eRulemaking Portal at https://www.regulations.gov. See the ``Public participation and request for comments'' portion of the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section for further instructions on submitting comments. A copy of the ICR is available through the docket on the internet at https://www.regulations.gov. Additionally, copies are available from: COMMANDANT (CG-6P), ATTN: PAPERWORK REDUCTION ACT MANAGER, U.S. COAST GUARD, 2703 MARTIN LUTHER KING JR. AVE SE, STOP 7710, WASHINGTON, DC 20593-7710. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: A.L. Craig, Office of Privacy Management, telephone 202-475-3528, fax 202-372-8405, or email [email protected] for questions on these documents. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Public Participation and Request for Comments This notice relies on the authority of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995; 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., chapter 35, as amended. An ICR is an application to OIRA seeking the approval, extension, or renewal of a Coast Guard collection of information (Collection). The ICR contains information describing the Collection's purpose, the Collection's likely burden on the affected public, an explanation of the necessity of the Collection, and other important information describing the Collection. There is one ICR for each Collection. The Coast Guard invites comments on whether this ICR should be granted based on the Collection being necessary for the proper performance of Departmental functions. In particular, the Coast Guard would appreciate comments addressing: (1) the practical utility of the Collection; (2) the accuracy of the estimated burden of the Collection; (3) ways to enhance the quality, utility, and clarity of information subject to the Collection; and (4) ways to minimize the burden of the Collection on respondents, including the use of automated collection techniques or other forms of information technology. In response to your comments, we may revise this ICR or decide not to seek an extension of approval for the Collection. We will consider all comments and material received during the comment period. We encourage you to respond to this request by submitting comments and related materials. Comments must contain the OMB Control Number of the ICR and the docket number of this request, USCG-2024-0386, and must be received by September 9, 2024. Submitting Comments We encourage you to submit comments through the Federal eRulemaking Portal at https://www.regulations.gov. If your material cannot be submitted using https://www.regulations.gov, contact the person in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section of this document for alternate instructions. Documents mentioned in this notice, and all public comments, are in our online docket at https://www.regulations.gov and can be viewed by following that website's instructions. Additionally, if you go to the online docket and sign up for email alerts, you will be notified when comments are posted. We accept anonymous comments. All comments received will be posted without change to https://www.regulations.gov and will include any personal information you have provided. For more about privacy and submissions in response to this document, see DHS's eRulemaking System of Records notice (85 FR 14226, March 11, 2020). Information Collection Request Title: Regattas and Marine Parades. OMB Control Number: 1625-0008. Summary: 46 U.S.C. 70041 authorizes the Coast Guard to issue regulations to promote the safety of life on navigable waters during regattas or marine parades. Title 33 CFR 100.15 promulgates the rules for providing notice of, and additional information for permitting regattas and marine parades (marine events) to the Coast Guard. Need: The Coast Guard needs to determine whether a marine event may present a substantial threat to the safety of human life on navigable waters and determine which measures are necessary to ensure the safety of life during the events. Sponsors must notify the Coast Guard of the efficient means for the Coast Guard to learn of the events and address environmental impacts. Forms: CG-4423, Application for Marine Event. Respondents: Sponsors of marine events. Frequency: On occasion. Hour Burden Estimate: The estimated burden is 3,349 hours per year. The estimated burden hours are reduced from 3,750 to 3,349 due to the decrease in marine event permit requests in 2020, the increase of respondents submitting applications online as well as increased accuracy in tracking Marine Event Permit activities in the Marine Information for Safety and Law Enforcement (MISLE) database. Authority: The Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995; 44 U.S.C. chapter 35, as amended. Dated: July 1, 2024. Kathleen Claffie, Chief, Office of Privacy Management, U.S. Coast Guard. [FR Doc. 2024-15023 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 9110-04-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:01.420726

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14984

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56399-56400] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14984] ======================================================================= ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT [Docket No. FR-7086-N-20] 60-Day Notice of Proposed Information Collection: Owner's Certification With HUD Tenant Eligibility and Rent Procedures; OMB Control No.: 2502-0204 AGENCY: Office of the Assistant Secretary for Housing--Federal Housing Commissioner, HUD. ACTION: Notice. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: HUD is seeking approval from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for the information collection described below. In accordance with the Paperwork Reduction Act, HUD is requesting comment from all interested parties on the proposed collection of information. The purpose of this notice is to allow for 60 days of public comment. DATES: Comments Due Date: September 9, 2024. ADDRESSES: Interested persons are invited to submit comments regarding this proposal. Written comments and recommendations for the proposed information collection can be sent within 60 days of publication of this notice to www.reginfo.gov/public/do/PRAMain. Find this particular information collection by selecting ``Currently under 60-day Review--Open for Public Comments'' or by using the search function. Interested persons are also invited to submit comments regarding this proposal by name and/or OMB Control Number and should be sent to: Colette Pollard, Reports Management Officer, REE, Department [[Page 56400]] of Housing and Urban Development, 451 7th Street SW, Room 8210, Washington, DC 20410-5000; telephone (202) 402-3400 (this is not a toll-free number) or email: [email protected]. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Colette Pollard, Reports Management Officer, REE, Department of Housing and Urban Development, 451 7th Street, SW, Washington, DC 20410; email: [email protected] or telephone (202) 402-3400. This is not a toll-free number. HUD welcomes and is prepared to receive calls from individuals who are deaf or hard of hearing, as well as individuals with speech and communication disabilities. To learn more about how to make an accessible telephone call, please visit https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/telecommunications-relay-service-trs. Copies of available documents submitted to OMB may be obtained from Ms. Pollard. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: This notice informs the public that HUD is seeking approval from OMB for the information collection described in Section A. A. Overview of Information Collection Title of Information Collection: Owner Certification with HUD's Tenant Eligibility and Rent Procedures. OMB Approval Number: 2502-0204. Type of Request: Reinstatement, with change, of previously approved collection for which approval has expired. Form Number: HUD-50059, HUD-50059-A, HUD-9887/9887-A, HUD-27061-H, HUD-90100, HUD-90101, HUD-90102, HUD-90103, HUD-90104, HUD-90105-a, HUD-90105-b, HUD-90105-c, HUD-90105-d, HUD-90106, HUD-91067 and new forms, HUD-90011 (Enterprise Income Verification (EIV) System Multifamily Housing Coordinator Access Authorization Form) and HUD- 90012 (Enterprise Income Verification (EIV) System User Access Authorization Form) Description of the need for the information and proposed use: The Department needs to collect this information in order to establish an applicant's eligibility for admittance to subsidized housing, specify which eligible applicants may be given priority over others, and prohibit racial discrimination in conjunction with selection of tenants and unit assignments. The Department must specify tenant eligibility requirements as well as how tenants' incomes, rents and assistance must be verified and computed so as to prevent the Department from making improper payments to owners on behalf of assisted tenants. The Department also must provide annual reports to Congress and the public on the race/ethnicity and gender composition of subsidy program beneficiaries. This information is essential to maintain a standard of fair practices in assigning tenants to HUD Multifamily properties. Respondents: Individuals or households, Business or other for- profit, Not-for-profit institutions, Federal Government and State, Local or Tribal Government. Estimated Number of Respondents: 2,850,895. Estimated Number of Responses: 3,050,117. Frequency of Response: 1. Average Hours per Response: 3.25. Total Estimated Burden: 1,439,460. B. Solicitation of Public Comment This notice is soliciting comments from members of the public and affected parties concerning the collection of information described in Section A on the following: (1) Whether the proposed collection of information is necessary for the proper performance of the functions of the agency, including whether the information will have practical utility; (2) The accuracy of the agency's estimate of the burden of the proposed collection of information; (3) Ways to enhance the quality, utility, and clarity of the information to be collected; and (4) Ways to minimize the burden of the collection of information on those who are to respond; including through the use of appropriate automated collection techniques or other forms of information technology, e.g., permitting electronic submission of responses. HUD encourages interested parties to submit comment in response to these questions. C. Authority Section 3507 of the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995, 44 U.S.C. 3507. Jeffrey D. Little, General Deputy Assistant Secretary, Office of Housing. [FR Doc. 2024-14984 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4210-67-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:01.446726

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15055

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56400-56403] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15055] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT [Docket No. FR-6467-N-01] Waivers and Alternative Requirements for Community Development Block Grant Disaster Recovery (CDBG-DR) and Community Development Block Grant Mitigation (CDBG-MIT) Grantees AGENCY: Office of the Assistant Secretary for Community Planning and Development, HUD. ACTION: Notice. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: This notice governs Community Development Block Grant disaster recovery (CDBG-DR) and Community Development Block Grant mitigation (CDBG-MIT) funds awarded under several appropriations acts identified in the Table of Contents. Specifically, this notice includes waivers and alternative requirements for the States of North Carolina and Alaska in response to their submitted requests for waivers and alternative requirements for grants provided under the public laws cited in this notice. As further outlined below, this notice provides a waiver and alternative requirement to the State of North Carolina to align buyout requirements across the State's various CDBG-DR and CDBG- MIT grants and a waiver and alternative requirement to the State of Alaska to increase the limit on planning costs for the State's CDBG-MIT funds. The Department has waived and established similar alternative requirements for other grantees in the past, so the waivers and alternative requirements described in this notice are not unique or precedent setting. DATES: Applicability Date: July 15, 2024. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Tennille Parker, Director, Office of Disaster Recovery, U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, 451 7th Street SW, Room 7282, Washington, DC 20410, telephone number 202-708-3587 (this is not a toll-free number). HUD welcomes and is prepared to receive calls from individuals who are deaf or hard of hearing, as well as individuals with speech or communication disabilities. To learn more about how to make an accessible telephone call, please visit: https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/telecommunications-relay-service-trs. Email inquiries may be sent to [email protected]. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Table of Contents I. Authority To Grant Waivers II. Public Law 114-254, 115-31, 115-123, [[Page 56401]] 115-254, and 116-20 Waivers and Alternative Requirements III. Public Law 116-20 Waiver and Alternative Requirement IV. Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) I. Authority To Grant Waivers Each of the appropriations acts cited in the Table of Contents authorize the Secretary to waive, or specify alternative requirements for, any provision of any statute or regulation that the Secretary administers in connection with the obligation by the Secretary, or use by the recipient, of grant funds, except for requirements related to fair housing, nondiscrimination, labor standards, and the environment. HUD may also exercise its regulatory waiver authority under 24 CFR 5.110, 91.600, and 570.5. All waivers and alternative requirements authorized in this notice are based upon a determination by the Secretary that good cause exists, and that the waiver or alternative requirement is not inconsistent with the overall purposes of Title I of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5301 et seq.) (HCDA). The good cause for each waiver and alternative requirement is summarized in this notice. II. Public Law 114-254, 115-31, 115-123, 115-254, and 116-20 Waivers and Alternative Requirements Waiver and Alternative Requirement for North Carolina's CDBG-DR and CDBG-MIT Buyout Programs (State of North Carolina only). The Department received a request and justification of good cause from the State of North Carolina to waive the requirement that only real property is eligible for acquisition in buyout activities, which limits the acquisition of manufactured, modular, or mobile housing units (MHUs). Given that the Department has already updated this provision for newer grants, allowing this waiver for North Carolina's older grants would merely align requirements across their grant portfolio. These newer, more flexible requirements published in the Federal Register on January 18, 2023 (88 FR 3212) and May 24, 2022 (87 FR 31648) as Appendix B (``the Consolidated Notice'') allow CDBG-DR funds to be used to acquire homes that are MHUs, regardless of whether MHUs are considered real property under state law, as part of the acquisition of an MHU's underlying real property in a buyout activity. This waiver and alternative requirement, as further described below, applies to the State's CDBG-DR and CDBG-MIT funds allocated to the State under Public Law 114-254, 115-31, 115-123, 115-254, and 116- 20. These CDBG-DR and CDBG-MIT funds are subject to the requirements in the Federal Register notices published on January 18, 2017 (82 FR 5591), November 21, 2016 (81 FR 83254) (the ``November 2016 Notice''), August 7, 2017 (82 FR 36812), January 27, 2020 (85 FR 4681), February 9, 2018 (83 FR 5844) (the ``February 2018 Notice''), August 14, 2018 (83 FR 40314), February 19, 2019 (84 FR 4836), June 20, 2019 (84 FR 28848), August 30, 2019 (84 FR 45838) (the ``August 2019 Notice''), and January 6, 2021 (86 FR 561) (collectively, the ``Prior Notices''). The Prior Notices require the State to adhere to more stringent requirements for buyout activities undertaken with CDBG-DR and CDBG-MIT funds. Per these requirements, CDBG-DR and CDBG-MIT grantees undertaking buyout activities are required to adhere to the housing acquisition activity requirements at 42 U.S.C. 5305(a)(1) and the associated regulations at 24 CFR 570.201(a), which limit housing acquisition to real property. Further, the Prior Notices define the term ``buyout'' as the acquisition of property located in a floodway or floodplain that is intended to reduce risk from future flooding or the acquisition of properties in Disaster Risk Reduction Areas (DRRA), as designated by the grantee. Because the Prior Notices do not waive requirements at 42 U.S.C. 5305(a)(1) and the associated regulations at 24 CFR 570.201(a), any buyout program is limited to the acquisition of real property or property considered to be part of a community's permanent housing stock when it includes acquisition of the underlying real property (i.e., land). However, 42 U.S.C. 5305(a)(1) and the associated regulations only permit the use of funds for MHUs under HUD's regulatory oversight, including HUD's Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards (``HUD Code'', 24 CFR part 3280) and therefore, exclude MHU's only built to state and local standards. Beginning with the application of the Consolidated Notice to CDBG- DR funds, HUD waived the requirements at 42 U.S.C. 5305(a) to the extent necessary for the creation of a new eligible activity termed ``buyouts.'' CDBG-DR grant funds subject to the requirements in the Consolidated Notice may be used for buyout activities defined as the acquisition of properties located in a floodway, floodplain, or other DRRA that is intended to reduce risk from future hazards. This means that CDBG-DR funds, subject to the requirements of the Consolidated Notice, may be used to acquire MHUs, that can sometimes be treated as personal property or do not meet the HUD Code, as part of the acquisition of an MHU's underlying real property in a buyout activity. The State of North Carolina has requested a waiver of the requirement that buyouts are limited to the acquisition of real property to allow the State to align its buyout activities with the flexibilities provided in the Consolidated Notice. The waiver and alternative requirement are necessary to allow the State to undertake buyout activities for MHUs that do not qualify as real property or meet the HUD Code to reduce the risk of future flooding to the State's housing stock and the administrative burden of managing different requirements for other buyout activities across its grant portfolio. The waiver and alternative requirement provided herein will help the State promote recovery and mitigation following Hurricanes Matthew and Florence by expanding its buyout programs to include MHUs in a DRRA and enable the State to move more homes and households out of harm's way. The State's waiver request notes that it is currently implementing its Strategic Buyout Program (SBP) with CDBG-DR and CDBG-MIT funds and that MHUs constitute a significant portion of the housing stock in the State, making up 25 percent of all housing stock in disaster-impacted areas. The State's request also points out the need to include the value of MHUs in buyout offers to equitably serve this population and reduce the risk of future damage to the State's MHU-housing stock, which also tends to be among the most vulnerable. The State plans to use its CDBG-DR and CDBG-MIT funding under Public Law 114-254, 115-31, 115-123, 115-254, and 116-20 for the implementation of its SBP, which began accepting applications in January 2020. The SBP is a voluntary buyout program that beneficiaries may apply for that provides funding for the purchase of eligible properties in a DRRA, resulting in a deed restriction that limits future development on the acquired parcel. Applicants and properties must meet the eligibility criteria set forth in the State's SBP Manual. After reviewing the State's request and based on the good cause provided herein, the Department is waiving 42 U.S.C. 5305(a)(1) and the buyout requirements established in the Prior Notices under section VI.B.35 of the November 2016 Notice (81 FR 83271), section VI.B.37 of the February 2018 Notice (83 FR 5863), and section V.B.4 of the August 2019 Notice (84 FR 45864) [[Page 56402]] for the State of North Carolina's Public Law 114-254, 115-31, 115-123, 115-254, and 116-20 CDBG-DR and CDBG-MIT funds and establishing as an alternative requirement the requirements in section II.B.7. (including II.B.7.a.) of the January 18, 2023, Notice (88 FR 3212). Any buyouts of MHUs under this alternative requirement must include acquisition of the underlying real property. III. Public Law 116-20 Waiver and Alternative Requirement Waiver and Alternative Requirement on Limitation of CDBG-MIT Planning Costs (State of Alaska only). The Department received a request and justification of good cause from the State of Alaska to increase the limit on planning costs from 15 to 48 percent of its CDBG-MIT grant to implement a planning activity in the State's approved Action Plan. This request applies to the State's CDBG-MIT funds under Public Law 116-20 announced in the Federal Register notice published on January 6, 2021 (86 FR 561) (the ``January 2021 Notice'') for a disaster occurring in 2018. The January 2021 Notice included waivers and alternative requirements for grantees that received a CDBG-MIT allocation under Public Law 115-123 or 116-20 and required grantees to adhere to the relevant requirements of the Federal Register notices published on August 30, 2019 (84 FR 45838) (the ``August 2019 Notice'') and on September 28, 2020 (85 FR 60821). The State is requesting that the Department modify paragraph V.A.8.b.(1) of the August 2019 Notice to accommodate its proposed planning activity. Specifically, the State is requesting the ability to use $1,086,800, or approximately 48 percent, of its CDBG-MIT grant amount to upgrade the Municipality of Anchorage's local vertical datum reference system to the National Spatial Reference System (NSRS). However, paragraph V.A.8.b.(1) of the August 2019 Notice and Section II.B. of the January 2021 Notice provide an alternative requirement that limits CDBG-MIT grantees to spending a maximum of 15 percent of their total grant amount or $750 million, whichever is less, on planning costs. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) defines and manages the NSRS through its National Geodetic Survey. The NSRS serves as a consistent coordinate system that defines latitude, longitude, height, scale, gravity, and orientation throughout the United States. The NSRS includes a network of permanently marked points; a consistent, accurate, and up-to-date national shoreline; a network of Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS) which supports three-dimensional positioning activities; and a set of accurate models describing dynamic, geophysical processes that affect spatial measurements. The Municipality of Anchorage's existing network of vertical datum monuments (benchmarks) is not tied to the NSRS, references a superseded local mean sea level, has minimal compatibility with modern survey techniques that rely heavily on the use of GPS equipment, and is generally outdated and in poor condition. For the Municipality to adopt the NSRS datum, additional funding is needed to create an inventory of existing benchmarks, identify existing benchmarks that may be used in conjunction with the NSRS, establish new benchmarks in areas where few monuments exist, and conduct a project to establish NSRS positions on new and existing benchmarks referencing the Municipality of Anchorage datum. The State's planning activity will verify and update the GPS coordinates of all benchmarks within the Municipality of Anchorage, which is a National Geodetic Survey requirement for communities to participate in the modernized NSRS. After consulting with the Municipality of Anchorage, the Office of Emergency Management, the Office of Economic and Community Development (MOA/OECD), and other Federal partners, and reviewing its Mitigation Needs Assessment, the State determined it is critical to allocate funds to upgrade the local vertical datum reference system to the NSRS in order to support FEMA in remapping the Municipality's Special Flood Hazard Areas (SFHAs). Local and State Hazard Mitigation Plans identify flood risk as one of the most urgent potential hazards in the Municipality. However, existing flood hazard maps are inaccurate, which limits the Municipality's ability to mitigate risk through land-use planning, infrastructure, building codes, and other measures. Flood hazard and other spatial mapping currently rely on the local vertical datum reference system, which the November 30, 2018, earthquake made more inaccurate. Upgrading the local vertical datum reference system to the NSRS will enable coordination with FEMA to update the Municipality's SFHAs to accurately convey flood risks within the community, making it a strategic and high-impact project to mitigate disaster risks and reduce future losses. Further, FEMA has adopted the NSRS as the official datum of the National Flood Insurance Program and is moving to transition all Flood Insurance Studies and Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs) to the NSRS. The Municipality's adoption of the NSRS will conform to FEMA standards, increase the alignment of federally funded geospatial data sets with local projects, enable the use of GPS technology in local surveying, and provide specifications for not only updating flood maps, but also tsunami warning systems and other disaster resources. To reduce the risks and prioritize the protection of low- and moderate-income (LMI) persons, the State of Alaska also verified that at least 50 percent of its CDBG-MIT award will continue to be used exclusively for activities that benefit LMI persons through its Tsunami Alert System and Home Flood Mitigation Program. The August 2019 Notice and the January 2021 Notice waive section 106(d) of the HCDA (42 U.S.C. 5306(d)) and 24 CFR 570.489(a)(1)(i) and (iii) and create an alternative requirement that limits CDBG-MIT grantees to spending a maximum of 15 percent of their total grant amount or $750 million, whichever is less, on planning costs. Based on the reasons stated above, HUD has determined that good cause exists to modify the alternative requirement in paragraph V.A.8.b.(1) of the August 2019 Notice and the third paragraph of Section II.B. of the January 2021 Notice to the extent necessary to permit eligible planning expenses up to 48 percent of the State's CDBG- MIT grant amount. Additionally, to ensure that the State prioritizes activities benefitting LMI persons as described in its approved CDBG- MIT Action Plan, the Department will continue to require that at least 50 percent of the State's CDBG-MIT funds be expended on programs and projects that will benefit LMI persons. As a reminder, the State must continue to limit its administrative costs for the CDBG-MIT grant to 5 percent of its total grant award and 5 percent of program income generated by the grant, as provided in Public Law 116-20, the August 2019 Notice, and the January 2021 Notice. IV. Finding of No Significant Impact A Finding of No Significant Impact (FONSI) with respect to the environment has been made in accordance with HUD regulations at 24 CFR part 50, which implement section 102(2)(C) of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4332(2)(C)). The FONSI is available online on HUD's CDBG-DR website at https://www.hud.gov/ program_offices/ [[Page 56403]] comm_planning/cdbg-dr and for public inspection between 8 a.m. and 5 p.m. weekdays in the Regulations Division, Office of General Counsel, Department of Housing and Urban Development, 451 7th Street SW, Room 10276, Washington, DC 20410-0500. Due to security measures at the HUD Headquarters building, an advance appointment to review the docket file must be scheduled by calling the Regulations Division at 202-708-3055 (this is not a toll-free number). HUD welcomes and is prepared to receive calls from individuals who are deaf or hard of hearing, as well as individuals with speech or communication disabilities. To learn more about how to make an accessible telephone call, please visit https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/telecommunications-relay-service-trs. Marion M. McFadden, Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for Community Planning and Development. [FR Doc. 2024-15055 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4210-67-P

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2024-10-08T13:27:01.459290

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-15050

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Page 56403] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-15050] ======================================================================= ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Land Management [BLM_OR_FRN_MO4500180347] Notice of Public Meeting for the Southeast Oregon Resource Advisory Council AGENCY: Bureau of Land Management, Interior. ACTION: Notice of public meeting. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: In accordance with the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 and the Federal Advisory Committee Act of 1972, the U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management's (BLM) Southeast Oregon Resource Advisory Council (RAC) will meet as follows. DATES: The Southeast Oregon RAC will meet on August 12, 2024, from 9 a.m. to 12 p.m. noon Pacific Time (PT) and September 24, 2024, from 9 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. PT. The RAC will participate in a field tour on September 25, 2024, from 9 a.m. to 12 p.m. PT. ADDRESSES: The August 12, 2024, meeting will be held virtually. The September 24, 2024, meeting will be held at the BLM Burns District Office, 28910 Highway 20 West, Hines, Oregon, 97738, and a virtual participation option will be available. The September 25, 2024, field tour will commence and conclude at the BLM's Oregon Wild Horse Corral, 26755 Highway 20 W, Hines, Oregon 97738. Instructions for participating virtually, final agendas, and additional meeting details will be posted at least 10 days in advance of the meeting on the RAC's web page: https://www.blm.gov/get-involved/resource-advisory-council/near-you/oregon-washington/southeast-oregon-rac. Previous meeting minutes, membership information, and upcoming agendas are also available on this web page. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Lisa McNee, Public Affairs Officer, 1301 South G Street, Lakeview, OR 97630; (541) 219-9180; [email protected]. Individuals in the United States who are deaf, blind, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability may dial 711 (TTY, TDD, or TeleBraille) to access telecommunications relay services. Individuals outside the United States should use the relay services offered within their countries to make international calls to the point-of-contact in the United States. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The Southeast Oregon RAC is chartered, and the 15 members are appointed by the Secretary of the Interior. Their diverse perspectives represent interests associated with the commercial timber industry, Federal grazing permits, energy and mineral development, recreation, wild horse and burro management, environmental organizations, and people who represent Indian Tribes, academia, and hold elected office. The RAC serves in an advisory capacity to BLM and U.S. Forest Service officials concerning planning and management of public lands and national forest resources located, in whole or part, within the boundaries of the BLM's Vale, Burns, and Lakeview Districts and the Fremont-Winema and Malheur National Forests. All meetings are open to the public in their entirety. The August 12, 2024, agenda includes a review and RAC recommendations on the Lakeview Resource Management Plan Amendment. The September 24, 2024, agenda items include presentations on the Conservation and Landscape Health Rule, the Blueprint for 21st Century Outdoor Recreation, and technology and fuels monitoring. The September 25, 2024, field tour to the BLM's Oregon Wild Horse Corral will provide an opportunity to view wild horses and burros gathered from Oregon, California, and Arizona that are being prepared for adoption. Members of the public who wish to participate in the field tour must provide their own transportation and meals. Requests for Accommodations: Please make requests in advance for sign language interpreter services, assistive listening devices, language translation services, or other reasonable accommodations. We ask that you contact the individual listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section of this notice at least 14 business days prior to the meeting to give the Department of the Interior sufficient time to process the request. All reasonable accommodation requests are managed on a case-by-case basis. Public comment periods will be offered on August 12 and September 24. Depending on the number of persons wishing to speak and the time available, the amount of time for oral comments may be limited. Information to be distributed to the RAC is requested before the start of each meeting. Written comments can be mailed in advance to the individual listed in the FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT section of this notice. All comments received will be provided to the RAC. Before including your address, phone number, email address, or other personal identifying information in your comments, please be aware that your entire comment--including your personal identifying information--may be made publicly available at any time. While you can ask us in your comment to withhold your personal identifying information from public review, we cannot guarantee we will be able to do so. (Authority: 43 CFR 1784-2) James Forbes, Lakeview District Manager. [FR Doc. 2024-15050 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4331-24-P

usgpo

2024-10-08T13:27:01.488897

FR

FR-2024-07-09/2024-14943

Federal Register Volume 89 Issue 131 (July 9, 2024)

United States National Archives and Records Administration Office of the Federal Register

[Federal Register Volume 89, Number 131 (Tuesday, July 9, 2024)] [Notices] [Pages 56403-56404] From the Federal Register Online via the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov] [FR Doc No: 2024-14943] ----------------------------------------------------------------------- DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Bureau of Land Management [BLM_AZ_FRN_MO4500178910] Notice of Realty Action: Recreation and Public Purposes Act Classification; Arizona AGENCY: Bureau of Land Management, Interior. ACTION: Notice of realty action. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY: The Bureau of Land Management (BLM), Hassayampa Field Office, examined two parcels consisting of approximately 640 acres of public land and determined that the parcels are suitable for classification for lease and/or conveyance under the provisions of the Recreation and Public Purpose Act, as amended (R&PP). The R&PP allows local governments to lease, develop, and subsequently acquire public lands for recreational uses when the proposed use complies with local government and [[Page 56404]] BLM land use planning. The City of Buckeye (Applicant) filed an application to develop the land as a local park that will help meet future expanding recreational needs in Buckeye, Arizona. The BLM is seeking public comments as to the suitability of the lands for lease and/or conveyance under the R&PP Act. DATES: Interested parties may submit written comments regarding this proposed classification for lease and/or conveyance on or before August 23, 2024. ADDRESSES: Mail written comments to the BLM Hassayampa Field Office, Ryan Randell, Land Law Examiner, 2020 East Bell Road, Phoenix, Arizona 85022. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ryan Randell, Land Law Examiner, at the above address, by telephone at 602-867-5400, or by email at [email protected]. Individuals in the United States who are deaf, deafblind, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability may dial 711 (TTY, TDD, or TeleBraille) to access telecommunications relay services. Individuals outside the United States should use the relay services offered within their country to make international calls to the point- of-contact in the United States. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The R&PP project is consistent with the BLM Bradshaw-Harquahala Resource Management Plan dated April 22, 2010. The two parcels are 320 acres each, which would add a total of 640 acres to the adjacent 8,675-acre Skyline Regional Park. The subject parcels are located within the White Tank Mountains, within the city of Buckeye, north of Interstate 10, and are legally described as: Gila and Salt River Meridian, Arizona T. 2 N. R. 3 W., Sec. 14, E\1/2\; Sec. 26, N\1/2\. The areas described aggregate 640 acres, more or less, according to the official plat of the survey of the said land on file with the BLM. Plans for the R&PP project consist of trails connecting to the existing and planned Skyline Regional Park trail network with trailhead parking, rest nodes with restrooms, shade structures, seating and site furnishings, signage, and access roads from the future Verrado road network. The trails are anticipated to be single-track, shared-use, non-motorized trails for hiking, mountain biking, and equestrian use. Long term future improvements could include a bike skills area that would utilize the varied terrain of the White Tank Mountains foothills to offer a variety of bike recreation opportunities, such as pump track style courses, BMX challenge courses, flow trails, mountain bike trails ranging in difficulty, and training areas for beginners. The conveyance document, if and when issued, would be subject to the provisions of the R&PP Act, to all applicable regulations of the Secretary of Interior, and the following terms and conditions: 1. A right-of-way thereon for ditches and canals constructed by the authority of the United States pursuant to the Act of August 30, 1890 (43 U.S.C. 945). 2. All mineral deposits in the land, and to it, or persons authorized by it, the right to prospect for, mine, and remove such deposits from the same under applicable law and regulations to be established by the Secretary of the Interior. 3. Subject to valid existing rights. 4. An appropriate indemnification clause protecting the United States from claims arising out of the use, occupancy, or occupations on the lands. Upon publication of this notice in the Federal Register, the land described above will be segregated from all other forms of appropriation under the public land laws, including the general mining laws, except for lease/conveyance under the R&PP Act, and leasing under the mineral and geothermal leasing laws. Interested parties may submit comments to this Notice of Realty Action (NORA) involving the classification of lands as being suitable for further development of Skyline Regional Park, whether the land is physically suited for the proposal, whether the use will maximize the future use or uses of the land, whether the use is consistent with local planning and zoning, or if the use is consistent with State and Federal programs. Comments to this NORA must be submitted in writing and sent to the BLM Hassayampa Field Office on or before the date listed under the DATES section above. All comments received from publication of this notice will then be considered for analysis in the Environmental Assessment (EA) for this project. Once the EA is completed, it will be made available on the BLM National NEPA Register (eplanning website) at https://eplanning.blm.gov. Interested parties on file with the BLM, including anyone that submitted a comment to the NORA, will be sent a notice that the EA is available for review. Beginning the day that the EA is published on the eplanning website, the public will be given an additional 30 days to submit comments. Comments during the 30-day EA comment period may include concerns over the specific use proposed in the application, the Plan of Development (POD), and whether the BLM followed proper administrative procedures. All comments during the NEPA comment period must be submitted directly onto the eplanning website. Comments received during the EA comment period will be considered in reaching a decision regarding leasing and/or conveying the lands under the R&PP Act. Other pertinent information related to the project such as the POD and maps will also be made available for review on the eplanning website. Any adverse comments received will be considered protests and will be reviewed by the BLM Arizona State Director, who may sustain, vacate, or modify this realty action. In the absence of any adverse comments to the NORA, the classification of lands will become effective 60 days from the date of publication of this notice in the Federal Register. In the absence of any adverse comments to the EA, a decision will be made in response to the R&PP application and will be posted on the eplanning website. Before including your address, phone number, email, address, or other personal identifying information in any of your comments, you should be aware that your entire comment, including your personal identifying information, may be made publicly available at any time. While you can ask us in your comment to withhold your personal identifying information from public review, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to do so. Authority: 43 CFR 2741.5. James Holden, Acting Field Manager, BLM Hassayampa Field Office. [FR Doc. 2024-14943 Filed 7-8-24; 8:45 am] BILLING CODE 4331-12-P

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2024-10-08T13:27:01.606827