Use of electronic self-monitoring for food and fluid intake: A pilot study.
In this small pilot study, the authors examined the use of a personal digital assistant (PDA) to electronically self-monitor the dietary and fluid intake of individuals receiving hemodialysis. The purpose of this study was to describe intake patterns of fluid, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, protein, and calories over a 3-month period as recorded using a PDA. Mean weekly intake values were plotted on line graphs to examine trends of intake. The patients' mean weekly intakes of sodium, potassium, phosphorus, and fluid were dynamic and fluctuating. Protein and caloric intakes were significantly below the recommendations of the K/DOQI guidelines. Standard methods to assess intake may not adequately capture intake patterns on a daily basis.