1990: annus mirabilis of potassium channels.
Voltage-gated potassium channels make up a large molecular family of integral membrane proteins that are fundamentally involved in the generation of bioelectric signals such as nerve impulses. These proteins span the cell membrane, forming potassium-selective pores that are rapidly switched open or closed by changes in membrane voltage. After the cloning of the first potassium channel over 3 years ago, recombinant DNA manipulation of potassium channel genes is now leading to a molecular understanding of potassium channel behavior. During the past year, functional domains responsible for channel gating and potassium selectivity have been identified, and detailed structural pictures underlying these functions are beginning to emerge.