[Laser angioplasty].
Laser energy is capable of breaking up plaques of atheroma to clear obstructed arteries. Laser rays are transmitted by optic fibers, fine and flexible, or bundles of fibers. In order to avoid perforation of the arterial wall, major difficulty and pitfall of this technique, a centering balloon is used or an absorption gradient between plaque and normal tissue, or improved guiding devices such as angioscopy, ultrasounds or detection of the atheroma by spectroscopy. The laser energy may also be transformed into heat, procedure carried out by thermoplasty. In order to avoid the drawbacks of the cutting end of the bare optic fibers, it may be covered with sapphire optics which conducts well laser energy. Arterial and coronary disobstructions were performed by so called continuous lasers, such as Argon, YAG of pulsed laser such as Excimer or color lasers. These are selectively absorbed by the atheroma and operate according to a computerized system after detection of atheromatous plaques by spectroscopy. Excellent results have recently been obtained with such a system on short and long term complete peripheral arterial obstructions.