Effects of gonadotropins on bovine oocytes matured in TCM-199.
The effects of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) during in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes in TCM-199 without serum were evaluated. Bovine oocytes with compact cumulus cells were collected from slaughterhouse-derived ovaries and cultured in Hepes-buffered TCM-199 supplemented with 5 mg/mL BSA, 1 microg/mL estradiol-17beta, FSH (0, 0.015, 0.05, 0.15, 1.5 or 15 ng/mL; Experiment 1), LH (0, 0.14, 1, 7 or 49 microg/mL; Experiment 2) and combinations of 1 or 10 ng/mL FSH and 1 or 10 microg/mL LH (Experiment 3) at 39 degrees C in 5% CO2 in air. After 22 h of maturation, cumulus expansion was estimated by scoring from 0 (no expansion) to 4 (full expansion of cumulus mass). In vitro fertilization was done with Percoll (45/90%) separated bull sperm at 1 x 10(6) sperm/mL in fert-TALP with 5 U/mL heparin. At 18 to 20 h post-insemination, presumptive zygotes were transferred to a chemically defined medium (CDM-1) supplemented with 0.5% BSA and nonessential amino acids for 72 h and then moved to CDM-2, additionally supplemented with essential amino acids. Zygotes were cultured at 39 degrees C in 5% CO2, 5% O2 and 90% N2 for 8 days. During Experiments 1 and 2, cumulus expansion increased in proportion to concentrations of FSH and LH. Cleavage rates and development to blastocysts were not significantly different among FSH and LH treatments. In Experiment 3, cumulus expansion of bovine oocytes was maximal when 1 ng/mL FSH and 1 microg/mL LH were added to IVM medium, but cumulus expansion again was not related to developmental ability, although cleavage rates were improved slightly (P<0.05) by the combination of LH and FSH. Blastocyst quality, estimated by the size of inner cell mass, was not different between combinations of FSH and LH, and the numbers of nuclei were not different. Although expansion of cumulus cells surrounding bovine oocytes was altered in response to FSH and/or LH in semi-defined medium, cumulus expansion was not related to rates of cleavage or subsequent embryonic development in vitro. The effects of LH on cumulus expansion can be explained by as little as 1 part per 10, 000 contamination with FSH.