Characterization of inhibin and related proteins in bovine fetal testicular and ovarian extracts: evidence for the presence of inhibin subunit products and FSH-suppressing protein.
Bovine fetal gonads have been shown previously to contain inhibin bio- and immunoactivity although the ratio of these activities was markedly lower in testicular compared with ovarian extracts throughout gestation. The basis for this difference is examined in this study. Fetal testicular and ovarian high-speed supernatant preparations from bovine fetuses aged 180 to 270 days of gestation were sequentially fractionated by dye affinity chromatography, gel permeation chromatography, reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and monitored by inhibin radioimmunoassay and in-vitro bioassay. Three immunoactive fractions were identified in testicular extracts with molecular masses of 30 kDa (Peak I), 43 kDa (Peak IIa) and 29 kDa (Peak IIb). Peak I material only was bioactive. On the basis of these characteristics, Peak I is probably 31 kDa inhibin as previously described, and Peaks IIa and IIb are probably different inhibin alpha subunit precursor fragments. In ovarian extracts, two bio- and immunoactive fractions were identified with molecular masses of 30 kDa (Peak I) and 29 kDa (Peak II). On the basis of size, and biological and immunological activities, the ovarian extract Peak I material is probably bovine 31 kDa inhibin, while the Peak II material is probably a novel inhibin-like protein. FSH-suppressing protein (or follistatin) bio- and immunoactivities were also identified in both testicular and ovarian extracts. It is concluded that the low ratio of inhibin biological/immunological activity in testicular extracts is attributed to the presence of high concentrations of immunoactive alpha subunit precursor fragments which are low to non-detectable in ovarian extracts. These results support our previous hypothesis that, in contrast to the ovary, the inhibin alpha subunit is produced in excess in the fetal testis.