Plasma adiponectin and E-selectin concentrations in patients with coronary heart disease and newly diagnosed disturbances of glucose metabolism.
Adiponectin is a fat derived hormone, which enhances insulin sensitivity. In experimental studies adiponectin was shown to have antiatherogenic properties by suppressing endothelial expression of adhesion molecules. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate plasma adiponectin and E-selectin concentrations in patients with coronary artery disease and impaired glucose metabolism and evaluation of their relationship with selected anthropometric, biochemical and clinical parameters. The study group consisted of 62 patients with coronary heart disease, without previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (mean age 48.6 +/- 6.0 years; mean BMI 28.6 +/- 3.13 kg/m2). In the studied group the OGTT with glucose and insulin estimation was performed and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated. In the fasting state, the plasma adiponectin, soluble form of E-selectin, HbA1c and lipid parameters were estimated. Adiponectin concentration was not different in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance (n = 36) in comparison to the group with normal glucose tolerance (n = 26). There was also no difference in adiponectin concentration in relation to atherosclerosis progression. There was no significant correlation between adiponectin and calculated insulin resistance index, while there was marked inverse correlation between adiponectin and BMI (r = -0.30; p = 0.018), body weight (r = -0.33; p = 0.008), E-selectin (r = -0.263; p = 0.039), TG concentration (r = -0.27; p = 0.036), duration of coronary heart disease (r = -0.33; p = 0.009) and borderline significance with ejection fraction (r = -0.268; p = 0.06). Our study supports the hypothesis that adiponectin could be recognised as a protective protein for the development of atherosclerosis.