Panax quinquefolius saponin inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis and neurite injury and improves functional recovery in a rat spinal cord injury model.
The treatment goal in spinal cord injury (SCI) is to repair neurites and suppress cell apoptosis. Panax quinquefolius saponin (PQS) is the major active ingredient of American ginseng and has been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic roles in various diseases. However, the potential effect of PQS on the pathological process of acute SCI remains unknown. This work tested the effects of PQS on acute SCI and clarified its potential mechanisms. PQS treatment ameliorated the damage to spinal tissue and improved the functional recovery after SCI. PQS treatment inhibited endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the associated apoptosis after acute SCI. PQS further abolished the triglyceride (TG)-induced ER stress and associated apoptosis in neuronal cultures. PQS appears to inhibit the ER-stress-induced neurite injury in PC12 cells. Our results suggest that PQS is a novel therapeutic agent for acute central nervous system injury.