1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an intake and exhaust gas claning apparatus, and more particularly to an exhaust gas cleaner for automobiles, motorcycles and factories.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Air pollution is becoming a serious problem worldwide. Engine exhaust of automobiles and motorcycles, and factory discharges are the major sources of pollutants. Engine exhaust pollutants of a motor vehicle are generated mostly by the following causes:
1. The low temperature in the combustion chamber when the engine is starting from cold. PA1 2. Driving uphill, bumpy road conditions or heavy loads. PA1 3. Poor quality of gasoline or oils. PA1 4. Clogged air filter. PA1 5. Intake of poor quality air from a tunnel or congested road. PA1 6. Engine abrasion or too many pollutants in the combustion chamber. PA1 7. Back pressure caused by a smoke filter or catalytic converter. PA1 1. High volume and high temperature. PA1 2. High speed and impulsive vibration. PA1 3. Viscosity after dispersion. PA1 4. High vibration frequency and noise level. PA1 5. Contains fine particles and becomes greasy. PA1 6. Contains water vapor. PA1 7. Contains gases of carbon dioxide, sulfer dioxide, carbon monoxide, etc. PA1 8. Contains polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and other cancer inducing or cell mutation gases. PA1 9. Indirectly forms peroxyacety/nitrate (PAN) and other photochemicals which are environmentally harmful. PA1 1. Wet type dust collector: tends to be blown away by vapor, consumes much water, tends to form erosive gas, not economical or pratical. PA1 2. Honeycomb filter gauze formed of ceramic or metal: easily clogged by greasy smoke, incur back pressure, difficult operation, easily damaged, high cost, time consuming, short effective life, requires considerable backup materials. PA1 3. Whirlwind type or static collector: large size, consumes much electric power, heavy load, not suitable for motor vehicles. PA1 4. Additives in gasoline or diesel oil: while there are claims that the additives can improve combustion, not much evidence or proof is available for their effectiveness in eliminating toxic gas, and not conclusive as to whether or not the additives will be harmful to the engine. PA1 5. Combustion smoke filter: provides better results, but high cost, consumes energy and oxygen, and produces more carbon dioxide gas, has explosion risk, limited effective life, not recyclable.
Engine exhaust gas includes smoke which contains solid particles and liquid drops. They all create severe air pollution problems and threaten the health of human beings and animals. Some of the exhaust gases discharge into the atmosphere and form "acid rain" which further creates a water pollution problem. The carbon dioxide in engine exhaust gas is also one of the factors causing the global greenhouse effect. Thus, to minimize engine exhaust pollution is becoming a worldwide focus.
Engine exhaust gases have the following characteristics:
Many types of engine exhaust controlling or eliminating means have been developed, but they have disadvantages, as indicated below:
The above disadvantages have limited conventional exhaust controlling devices from being widely used. Thus, there has been a need for providing a more cost effective engine exhaust controlling means.