Field of the Invention
The invention relates to the field of atomic sensors, and more particularly to a physical unit of a chip-scale nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) gyroscope.
Description of the Related Art
A typical NMR gyroscope includes a physical unit and an electric unit. The physical unit includes: an optical source, optical elements, an atomic vapor chamber, and photodetectors. The physical system of the chip-scale NMR gyroscope is achieved by a micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) processing. However, MEMS suffers from the following problems: 1) The atomic vapor chamber of the MEMS generally adopts a glass-silicon-glass sandwich structure, but the pump light beam and the probe light beam are difficult to orient orthogonally in the light-atom interaction region. 2) The two light beams are provided by two independent semiconductor lasers, and temperatures, frequencies of the output laser beams, and the powers of the two lasers are separately controlled, thereby resulting in large resource consumption; besides performances of the two light beams change independently, resulting in in difficulties in cooperation of the two light beams under working conditions. 3) Although in some atomic vapor chambers of the MEMS adopting the glass-silicon-glass sandwich structure, the pump light beam and the probe light beam are orthogonal to each other within the light-atom interaction region, it is difficult to couple the light into the atomic vapor chamber.