Karst topography is distributed in soluble rock areas all over the world, and has a total area of 51×106 square kilometers, accounting for about 10% of total area of the earth. A karst distribution area in China is about 0.91-1.3 million square kilometers, wherein karst mountain regions in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau under subtropical monsoon climate have the worst environment and the most prominent contradiction between people and land. Due to an unscientific production development manner of local people and factors such as centralized monsoon climate rainfall, huge mountain elevation differences and the like, as well as a particularly obvious water and soil loss phenomenon caused by unique duality and vulnerability of the karst environment, productivity and living standards of people have been severely influenced. How to simulate a karst rock desertification environment under different conditions and obtain accurate water and soil loss data to serve karst study, in order to help people understand the karst environment and an underground water and soil loss formation mechanism and to guide people to realize development according to local conditions in a special environment has become urgent problems to be solved.