In ordinary metal microstructure inspection, common display methods of the microstructures after the microstructures are polished include an optical method, an etching method and an interference layer method, while the follow-up inspection of the microstructure and the analysis of metallography are mainly by means of the image observation and analysis of the microscope. The solution proportioning and reaction time of the etching method have a direct influence on the authenticity and clarity of displaying the metal microstructure, while image observation is limited by the amplification factor of the microscope. Therefore, the result of metallography has certain subjectivity and volatility, and cannot be accurately and quantitatively determined.
In the metal industry, the isostatic pressing technology is widely used to further improve the uniformity of the alloy microstructure. With the difference between the isostatic pressure and the mechanical property of the alloy microstructure, collapse and deformation will be different, meanwhile, the deformation behavior on the surface will be severe than the deformation behavior inside the alloy sample. Therefore, the isostatic pressing technology can be used to distinguish the microstructures with different hardness and mechanical properties on the surface of the alloy sample.
When the isostatic pressure is used to carry out the microstructure metallographic determination with the fluid micro-explored strain, the microstructure can only be subjected to elastic plastic deformation in the vertical loading direction, and the microstructure will sink into a ‘horizontal potential well’ in the horizontal surface under the uniform extrusion effect of the pressure transmission medium and will not generate horizontal dislocation and slip. Therefore, no interference will be generated on the horizontal position of the microstructure.
In traditional metal microstructure inspection method, metallographic analysis is a macroscopic method, and rely more on subjective judgment and image magnification factor, while in the present invention, a technical method is adopted to characterize multiple parameters, when the full-field metallography of alloy microstructure is given, the statistical results of quantitative metallographic analysis can also be given.