[转载]中考数词考点梳理
原文地址:中考数词考点梳理作者:万小泉老师 在初中阶段,中考数词的考查范围主要涉及到基数词(表示数目的词)、序数词(表示顺序的词)和分数词及其相互转换。主要考点请看下文: 中考数词考点梳理 万小泉(安徽巢湖) 一、考查数词表示编号 在通常情况下,表示年级、班、行、房间、课的编号要用基数词,且位于词首的字母要大写,基数词居后(若用英语表示,其首字母也要大写)；若要用序数词表示,则序数词必须加上the。如: lesson one the first lesson (第1课),room 306 (306号房间),row fo r the fo rth row (第4排),class three grade nine (九年级三班) 二、考查基数词的在拼写 对基数词的拼写须注意:⑴1-20应当逐个记忆,21-99应是说整十加上连字符"-"然后再说几。如:78→seventy-eight ⑵ 百位与十位或个位之间应加and。如:675→six h ndred and seventy-five。⑶若是四位和四位以上的数,则是从后面向前数,每三位为一组,用逗号分开,第一个逗号前是"千"(tho sand),第二个逗号前则是"百万"(million),第三个逗号前则是" 十亿"(billion)。如:7,258,369,000→seven billion,two h ndred and fifty-eight million,three h ndred and sixty-nine tho sand。 三、考查基数词h ndredtho sandmillionbillion的单复数形式 当h ndredtho sandmillionbillion与twothree等数字连用表示确定数目时,这类数词需用单数形式；当此类基数词用来表达不确定数目时,即数百、数千等意思时,要用"h ndredstho sandsmillionsbillions + of +复数名词"表达,其中of不可少,此时h ndred之类基数词前面不可用具体数字修饰,但可加manyseveral。试比较: five h ndred st dents (√) five h ndreds st dents (×) ten tho sands of st dents (×) manyseveral tho sands of st dents (√) 四、考查-ty结尾的基数词的复数意义 从20至90以-ty结尾的基数词当用来表示年代或岁数时,此时要出复数形式出现。如: in the1990sin the1990 s在二十世纪九十年代 in hisher forties在他她四十多岁时 注意:在"基数词-单数名词-形容词"所构成的复合形容词中,其中名词要用单数形式。如: 一个十二岁的男孩→a twelve-year-old boy 一座800米长的桥→an 800-metre-long bridge 女子400米接力→girls 400-metre relay race 五、考查序数词的构成与功能 序数词除用来表示编号外,还可用来表示事物的先后顺序,此时序数词多与定冠词the、物主代词或名词所有格等连用。对序数词的考查常见于序数词的拼写以及与基数词的词形转换中。应关注下列数词的拼写与转换: one→first, two→second, three→third；eight→eighth；nine→ninth；five→fifth, twelve→twelfth；twenty→twentieth, forty→fortieth；twenty-one→twenty-first, fifty-nine→fifty-ninth 六、考查不定冠词aan与序数词连用 序数词除了与定冠词the、物主代词或名词所有格等连用以表示顺序外,不定冠词aan也能与序数词连用,可表达一种特殊功能,意为"再一"、"又一",相当于another。如: then they had a second child-a son.后来他们又有了一个孩子- 一个儿子。 七、考查分数词的构成以及当其作主语时谓语动词的单复数 1. 分数词的一般构成:分子用基数词,分母用序数词；除分子是"1"的情况外,序数词都用复数。如: 13 →a(one) third,23 →two-thirds, 25→two-fifths。 注意:12 →one half或a half(但不说one second),14 → a(one) fo rthq arter,34 → three-q artersfo rths 2. 分数词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数应由of后面名词的数确定:of后面的名词为可数复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式；of后面的名词为不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式。试比较: three-fifths of the work is hard to finish.五分之三的工作很难完成。 three-fifths of the st dents in o r class are leag e members.我们班五分之三的学生是共青团员。 注意:数词作主语时,谓语动词多使用单数形式。如:what s two andpl s three？ 八、考查时间的表达法 1. 整点钟:基数词+o clock。 2. 非整点时间:顺读(先说点钟,再说分钟)或逆读: ⑴当分钟数小于或等于30时,可用"分钟+past+点钟"表示。如:7:25 twenty-five past seven ⑵当钟点数大于30时,可用"(60-分钟)+to +(点钟+1)"表示。如:7:35 twenty-five to eight(60-35=25) (7+1=8) 注意:15 min tes = a q arter 30 min tes = half 九、考查特殊短语的表达 我们需要掌握以下短语的常见表达:半个小时→half an ho r, 一天半→one and a half days或one(a) day and a half, -、二天→one or two days或one day or two, 三、五次→three or five times。 注意:后面两个短语中的or不可用and代替。 中考数词考点仿真练习 ■笑泉(安徽巢湖) i. 单项选择。 1. there are  people in my family. we live on the  floor in a tall b ilding. a. five； six b. fifth； sixth c. fifth； six d. five； sixth 2. many  trees sho ld be planted on the mo ntains. a. tho sand b. tho sand of c. tho sands d. tho sands of 3. i think  of the materials i listened to at the beginning of exam _ easy. a. two thirds； is b. second three； are c. two thirds； are d. two third； are 4. there  fifty-six st dents in class _. a. have； three b. are； three c. have； third d. are； third 5. they are going to have  holiday next week. a. a two weeks b. two-week c. a two-week d. two weeks 6. both of the two r lers are broken. i want to b y a  one . a. three b. third c. forth d. 不填 7. --can yo write the n mber eighty-five tho sand, six h ndred and twenty-six ？ --yes, it s _ . a.  b.  c.  d.  8. --what s one fo rth and a half, do yo know？ --yes, it s _. a. two sixths b. three fo rths c. one three d. three sixths 9. d ring world war ii, a jewish lady was protected by a local family in shanghai in her __. a. fifties b. fifty c. fiftieth d. the fiftieth 10. another way of saying eleven forty is __ . a. twenty to eleven b. twenty to twelve c. twelve to twenty d. twelve past twenty ii. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. at the beginning of the  (twenty) cent ry, the world s pop lation was abo t1,700 million. 2. li zhong is a st dent in his  (three) year at no. 1 middle school. 3. miss chen said to her st dents, "we are going to learn the  (twenty-one) lesson today." 4. i have read the  (eight) passage twice. 5. october 1 st, 2008 will be the _(fifty-nine) birthday of prc. iii. 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示,写出完整、正确的单词。 1. o r teacher often tells s that work m st come f . 2. there are f st dents in o r class, twenty-two boys and twenty-two girls. 3. -what s t pl s seven？ -it s twenty. 4. december is the t_ and last month of the year. 5. th rsday is the f_ day of the week. 6. the english say "the first floor" while the americans say "the s_ floor." 7. a q__ is another way of saying 15 min tes. 8. abo t two __(千) people left their hometown beca se of the terrible sandstorm. 9. no one knows whether mr. li works on the __(九十) floor of the b ilding. 10. --how many st dents are there in yo r school？