### Change Summary

Ruff is now the sole linter 👍 
Files Altered: ['Makefile', 'docs/contributing.md', 'pyproject.toml', 'pdm.lock' ]

Notes: 

For pyproject.toml file,  I removed the last element('E501') of line 180 given black's removal but I'm not totally sure what this line is for. 

### Related Issue Number

Fix #7914

## Checklist

* [x] The pull request title is a good summary of the changes - it will be used in the changelog
* [ ] Unit tests for the changes exist
* [ ] Tests pass on CI
* [x] Documentation reflects the changes where applicable
* [x] My PR is ready to review, **please add a comment including the phrase "please review" to assign reviewers**

Adopting `ruff` formatter. ### Change Summary

Ruff is now the sole linter 👍 
Files Altered: ['Makefile', 'docs/contributing.md', 'pyproject.toml', 'pdm.lock' ]

Notes: 

For pyproject.toml file,  I removed the last element('E501') of line 180 given black's removal but I'm not totally sure what this line is for. 

### Related Issue Number

Fix #7914

## Checklist

* [x] The pull request title is a good summary of the changes - it will be used in the changelog
* [ ] Unit tests for the changes exist
* [ ] Tests pass on CI
* [x] Documentation reflects the changes where applicable
* [x] My PR is ready to review, **please add a comment including the phrase "please review" to assign reviewers**

from __future__ import annotations as _annotations

import os
import platform
import re
import subprocess
import sys
from datetime import datetime
from pathlib import Path
from tempfile import NamedTemporaryFile
from typing import Any

import pytest
from pydantic_core import core_schema
from pytest_examples import CodeExample, EvalExample, find_examples

from pydantic.errors import PydanticErrorCodes

INDEX_MAIN = None
DOCS_ROOT = Path(__file__).parent.parent / 'docs'
SOURCES_ROOT = Path(__file__).parent.parent / 'pydantic'


def skip_docs_tests():
    if sys.platform not in {'linux', 'darwin'}:
        return 'not in linux or macos'

    if platform.python_implementation() != 'CPython':
        return 'not cpython'

    try:
        import devtools  # noqa: F401
    except ImportError:
        return 'devtools not installed'

    try:
        import sqlalchemy  # noqa: F401
    except ImportError:
        return 'sqlalchemy not installed'

    try:
        import ansi2html  # noqa: F401
    except ImportError:
        return 'ansi2html not installed'


class GroupModuleGlobals:
    def __init__(self) -> None:
        self.name = None
        self.module_dict: dict[str, str] = {}

    def get(self, name: str | None):
        if name is not None and name == self.name:
            return self.module_dict

    def set(self, name: str | None, module_dict: dict[str, str]):
        self.name = name
        if self.name is None:
            self.module_dict = None
        else:
            self.module_dict = module_dict


group_globals = GroupModuleGlobals()


class MockedDatetime(datetime):
    @classmethod
    def now(cls, *args, tz=None, **kwargs):
        return datetime(2032, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, tzinfo=tz)


skip_reason = skip_docs_tests()
LINE_LENGTH = 80


def print_callback(print_statement: str) -> str:
    return re.sub(r'(https://errors.pydantic.dev)/.+?/', r'\1/2/', print_statement)


def run_example(example: CodeExample, eval_example: EvalExample, mocker: Any) -> None:  # noqa C901
    eval_example.print_callback = print_callback

    prefix_settings = example.prefix_settings()
    test_settings = prefix_settings.get('test', '')
    lint_settings = prefix_settings.get('lint', '')
    if test_settings.startswith('skip') and lint_settings.startswith('skip'):
        pytest.skip('both running code and lint skipped')

    requires_settings = prefix_settings.get('requires')
    if requires_settings:
        major, minor = map(int, requires_settings.split('.'))
        if sys.version_info < (major, minor):
            pytest.skip(f'requires python {requires_settings}')

    group_name = prefix_settings.get('group')

    eval_example.set_config(ruff_ignore=['D', 'T', 'E721', 'Q001'], line_length=LINE_LENGTH)
    if '# ignore-above' in example.source:
        eval_example.set_config(ruff_ignore=eval_example.config.ruff_ignore + ['E402'], line_length=LINE_LENGTH)
    if group_name:
        eval_example.set_config(ruff_ignore=eval_example.config.ruff_ignore + ['F821'], line_length=LINE_LENGTH)

    if not lint_settings.startswith('skip'):
        if eval_example.update_examples:
            eval_example.format(example)
        else:
            if example.in_py_file():
                # Ignore isort as double newlines will cause it to fail, but we remove them in py files
                eval_example.set_config(ruff_ignore=eval_example.config.ruff_ignore + ['I001'], line_length=LINE_LENGTH)
            eval_example.lint(example)

    if test_settings.startswith('skip'):
        pytest.skip(test_settings[4:].lstrip(' -') or 'running code skipped')

    group_name = prefix_settings.get('group')
    d = group_globals.get(group_name)

    mocker.patch('datetime.datetime', MockedDatetime)
    mocker.patch('random.randint', return_value=3)

    xfail = None
    if test_settings.startswith('xfail'):
        xfail = test_settings[5:].lstrip(' -')

    rewrite_assertions = prefix_settings.get('rewrite_assert', 'true') == 'true'

    try:
        if test_settings == 'no-print-intercept':
            d2 = eval_example.run(example, module_globals=d, rewrite_assertions=rewrite_assertions)
        elif eval_example.update_examples:
            d2 = eval_example.run_print_update(example, module_globals=d, rewrite_assertions=rewrite_assertions)
        else:
            d2 = eval_example.run_print_check(example, module_globals=d, rewrite_assertions=rewrite_assertions)
    except BaseException as e:  # run_print_check raises a BaseException
        if xfail:
            pytest.xfail(f'{xfail}, {type(e).__name__}: {e}')
        raise
    else:
        if xfail:
            pytest.fail('expected xfail')
        group_globals.set(group_name, d2)


@pytest.mark.filterwarnings('ignore:(parse_obj_as|schema_json_of|schema_of) is deprecated.*:DeprecationWarning')
@pytest.mark.skipif(bool(skip_reason), reason=skip_reason or 'not skipping')
@pytest.mark.parametrize('example', find_examples(str(SOURCES_ROOT), skip=sys.platform == 'win32'), ids=str)
def test_docstrings_examples(example: CodeExample, eval_example: EvalExample, tmp_path: Path, mocker):
    if str(example.path).startswith(str(SOURCES_ROOT / 'v1')):
        pytest.skip('skip v1 examples')

    run_example(example, eval_example, mocker)


@pytest.fixture(scope='module', autouse=True)
def set_cwd():
    # `test_docs_examples` needs to be run from this folder or relative paths will be wrong and some tests fail
    execution_path = str(DOCS_ROOT.parent)

    cwd = os.getcwd()
    os.chdir(execution_path)
    try:
        yield
    finally:
        os.chdir(cwd)


@pytest.mark.filterwarnings('ignore:(parse_obj_as|schema_json_of|schema_of) is deprecated.*:DeprecationWarning')
@pytest.mark.skipif(bool(skip_reason), reason=skip_reason or 'not skipping')
@pytest.mark.parametrize('example', find_examples(str(DOCS_ROOT), skip=sys.platform == 'win32'), ids=str)
def test_docs_examples(example: CodeExample, eval_example: EvalExample, tmp_path: Path, mocker):
    global INDEX_MAIN
    if example.path.name == 'index.md':
        if INDEX_MAIN is None:
            INDEX_MAIN = example.source
        else:
            (tmp_path / 'index_main.py').write_text(INDEX_MAIN)
            sys.path.append(str(tmp_path))

    if example.path.name == 'devtools.md':
        pytest.skip('tested below')

    run_example(example, eval_example, mocker)


@pytest.mark.skipif(bool(skip_reason), reason=skip_reason or 'not skipping')
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'example', find_examples(str(DOCS_ROOT / 'integrations/devtools.md'), skip=sys.platform == 'win32'), ids=str
)
def test_docs_devtools_example(example: CodeExample, eval_example: EvalExample, tmp_path: Path):
    from ansi2html import Ansi2HTMLConverter

    eval_example.set_config(ruff_ignore=['D', 'T'], line_length=LINE_LENGTH)

    if eval_example.update_examples:
        eval_example.format(example)
    else:
        eval_example.lint(example)

    with NamedTemporaryFile(mode='w', suffix='.py') as f:
        f.write(example.source)
        f.flush()
        os.environ['PY_DEVTOOLS_HIGHLIGHT'] = 'true'
        p = subprocess.run((sys.executable, f.name), stdout=subprocess.PIPE, check=True, encoding='utf8')

    conv = Ansi2HTMLConverter()

    # replace ugly file path with "devtools_example.py"
    output = re.sub(r'/.+?\.py', 'devtools_example.py', p.stdout)
    output_html = conv.convert(output, full=False)
    output_html = (
        '<!-- DO NOT EDIT MANUALLY: '
        'Generated by tests/test_docs.py::test_docs_devtools_example for use in docs -->\n'
        f'{output_html}'
    )
    output_file = DOCS_ROOT / 'plugins/devtools_output.html'

    if eval_example.update_examples:
        output_file.write_text(output_html)
    elif not output_file.exists():
        pytest.fail(f'output file {output_file} does not exist')
    else:
        assert output_html == output_file.read_text()


def test_error_codes():
    error_text = (DOCS_ROOT / 'errors/usage_errors.md').read_text()

    code_error_codes = PydanticErrorCodes.__args__

    documented_error_codes = tuple(re.findall(r'^## .+ \{#(.+?)}$', error_text, flags=re.MULTILINE))

    assert code_error_codes == documented_error_codes, 'Error codes in code and docs do not match'


def test_validation_error_codes():
    error_text = (DOCS_ROOT / 'errors/validation_errors.md').read_text()

    expected_validation_error_codes = set(core_schema.ErrorType.__args__)
    # Remove codes that are not currently accessible from pydantic:
    expected_validation_error_codes.remove('timezone_offset')  # not currently exposed for configuration in pydantic

    test_failures = []

    documented_validation_error_codes = []
    error_code_section = None
    printed_error_code = None
    for line in error_text.splitlines():
        section_match = re.fullmatch(r'## `(.+)`', line)
        if section_match:
            if error_code_section is not None and printed_error_code != error_code_section:
                test_failures.append(f'Error code {error_code_section!r} is not printed in its example')
            error_code_section = section_match.group(1)
            if error_code_section not in expected_validation_error_codes:
                test_failures.append(f'Documented error code {error_code_section!r} is not a member of ErrorType')
            documented_validation_error_codes.append(error_code_section)
            printed_error_code = None
            continue

        printed_match = re.search("#> '(.+)'", line)
        if printed_match:
            printed_error_code = printed_match.group(1)

    assert test_failures == []

    code_validation_error_codes = sorted(expected_validation_error_codes)
    assert code_validation_error_codes == documented_validation_error_codes, 'Error codes in code and docs do not match'

from __future__ import annotations as _annotations

import os
import platform
import re
import subprocess
import sys
from datetime import datetime
from pathlib import Path
from tempfile import NamedTemporaryFile
from typing import Any

import pytest
from pydantic_core import core_schema
from pytest_examples import CodeExample, EvalExample, find_examples

from pydantic.errors import PydanticErrorCodes

INDEX_MAIN = None
DOCS_ROOT = Path(__file__).parent.parent / 'docs'
SOURCES_ROOT = Path(__file__).parent.parent / 'pydantic'


def skip_docs_tests():
    if sys.platform not in {'linux', 'darwin'}:
        return 'not in linux or macos'

    if platform.python_implementation() != 'CPython':
        return 'not cpython'

    try:
        import devtools  # noqa: F401
    except ImportError:
        return 'devtools not installed'

    try:
        import sqlalchemy  # noqa: F401
    except ImportError:
        return 'sqlalchemy not installed'

    try:
        import ansi2html  # noqa: F401
    except ImportError:
        return 'ansi2html not installed'


class GroupModuleGlobals:
    def __init__(self) -> None:
        self.name = None
        self.module_dict: dict[str, str] = {}

    def get(self, name: str | None):
        if name is not None and name == self.name:
            return self.module_dict

    def set(self, name: str | None, module_dict: dict[str, str]):
        self.name = name
        if self.name is None:
            self.module_dict = None
        else:
            self.module_dict = module_dict


group_globals = GroupModuleGlobals()


class MockedDatetime(datetime):
    @classmethod
    def now(cls, *args, tz=None, **kwargs):
        return datetime(2032, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, tzinfo=tz)


skip_reason = skip_docs_tests()
LINE_LENGTH = 80


def print_callback(print_statement: str) -> str:
    return re.sub(r'(https://errors.pydantic.dev)/.+?/', r'\1/2/', print_statement)


def run_example(example: CodeExample, eval_example: EvalExample, mocker: Any) -> None:  # noqa C901
    eval_example.print_callback = print_callback

    prefix_settings = example.prefix_settings()
    test_settings = prefix_settings.get('test', '')
    lint_settings = prefix_settings.get('lint', '')
    if test_settings.startswith('skip') and lint_settings.startswith('skip'):
        pytest.skip('both running code and lint skipped')

    requires_settings = prefix_settings.get('requires')
    if requires_settings:
        major, minor = map(int, requires_settings.split('.'))
        if sys.version_info < (major, minor):
            pytest.skip(f'requires python {requires_settings}')

    group_name = prefix_settings.get('group')

    eval_example.set_config(ruff_ignore=['D', 'T', 'E721', 'Q001'], line_length=LINE_LENGTH)
    if '# ignore-above' in example.source:
        eval_example.set_config(ruff_ignore=eval_example.config.ruff_ignore + ['E402'], line_length=LINE_LENGTH)
    if group_name:
        eval_example.set_config(ruff_ignore=eval_example.config.ruff_ignore + ['F821'], line_length=LINE_LENGTH)

    if not lint_settings.startswith('skip'):
        if eval_example.update_examples:
            eval_example.format(example)
        else:
            if example.in_py_file():
                # Ignore isort as double newlines will cause it to fail, but we remove them in py files
                eval_example.set_config(ruff_ignore=eval_example.config.ruff_ignore + ['I001'], line_length=LINE_LENGTH)
            eval_example.lint(example)

    if test_settings.startswith('skip'):
        pytest.skip(test_settings[4:].lstrip(' -') or 'running code skipped')

    group_name = prefix_settings.get('group')
    d = group_globals.get(group_name)

    mocker.patch('datetime.datetime', MockedDatetime)
    mocker.patch('random.randint', return_value=3)

    xfail = None
    if test_settings.startswith('xfail'):
        xfail = test_settings[5:].lstrip(' -')

    rewrite_assertions = prefix_settings.get('rewrite_assert', 'true') == 'true'

    try:
        if test_settings == 'no-print-intercept':
            d2 = eval_example.run(example, module_globals=d, rewrite_assertions=rewrite_assertions)
        elif eval_example.update_examples:
            d2 = eval_example.run_print_update(example, module_globals=d, rewrite_assertions=rewrite_assertions)
        else:
            d2 = eval_example.run_print_check(example, module_globals=d, rewrite_assertions=rewrite_assertions)
    except BaseException as e:  # run_print_check raises a BaseException
        if xfail:
            pytest.xfail(f'{xfail}, {type(e).__name__}: {e}')
        raise
    else:
        if xfail:
            pytest.fail('expected xfail')
        group_globals.set(group_name, d2)


@pytest.mark.filterwarnings('ignore:(parse_obj_as|schema_json_of|schema_of) is deprecated.*:DeprecationWarning')
@pytest.mark.skipif(bool(skip_reason), reason=skip_reason or 'not skipping')
@pytest.mark.parametrize('example', find_examples(str(SOURCES_ROOT), skip=sys.platform == 'win32'), ids=str)
def test_docstrings_examples(example: CodeExample, eval_example: EvalExample, tmp_path: Path, mocker):
    if str(example.path).startswith(str(SOURCES_ROOT / 'v1')):
        pytest.skip('skip v1 examples')

    run_example(example, eval_example, mocker)


@pytest.fixture(scope='module', autouse=True)
def set_cwd():
    # `test_docs_examples` needs to be run from this folder or relative paths will be wrong and some tests fail
    execution_path = str(DOCS_ROOT.parent)

    cwd = os.getcwd()
    os.chdir(execution_path)
    try:
        yield
    finally:
        os.chdir(cwd)


@pytest.mark.filterwarnings('ignore:(parse_obj_as|schema_json_of|schema_of) is deprecated.*:DeprecationWarning')
@pytest.mark.skipif(bool(skip_reason), reason=skip_reason or 'not skipping')
@pytest.mark.parametrize('example', find_examples(str(DOCS_ROOT), skip=sys.platform == 'win32'), ids=str)
def test_docs_examples(example: CodeExample, eval_example: EvalExample, tmp_path: Path, mocker):
    global INDEX_MAIN
    if example.path.name == 'index.md':
        if INDEX_MAIN is None:
            INDEX_MAIN = example.source
        else:
            (tmp_path / 'index_main.py').write_text(INDEX_MAIN)
            sys.path.append(str(tmp_path))

    if example.path.name == 'devtools.md':
        pytest.skip('tested below')

    run_example(example, eval_example, mocker)


@pytest.mark.skipif(bool(skip_reason), reason=skip_reason or 'not skipping')
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
    'example', find_examples(str(DOCS_ROOT / 'integrations/devtools.md'), skip=sys.platform == 'win32'), ids=str
)
def test_docs_devtools_example(example: CodeExample, eval_example: EvalExample, tmp_path: Path):
    from ansi2html import Ansi2HTMLConverter

    eval_example.set_config(ruff_ignore=['D', 'T'], line_length=LINE_LENGTH)

    if eval_example.update_examples:
        eval_example.format(example)
    else:
        eval_example.lint(example)

    with NamedTemporaryFile(mode='w', suffix='.py') as f:
        f.write(example.source)
        f.flush()
        os.environ['PY_DEVTOOLS_HIGHLIGHT'] = 'true'
        p = subprocess.run((sys.executable, f.name), stdout=subprocess.PIPE, check=True, encoding='utf8')

    conv = Ansi2HTMLConverter()

    # replace ugly file path with "devtools_example.py"
    output = re.sub(r'/.+?\.py', 'devtools_example.py', p.stdout)
    output_html = conv.convert(output, full=False)
    output_html = (
        '<!-- DO NOT EDIT MANUALLY: '
        'Generated by tests/test_docs.py::test_docs_devtools_example for use in docs -->\n'
        f'{output_html}'
    )
    output_file = DOCS_ROOT / 'plugins/devtools_output.html'

    if eval_example.update_examples:
        output_file.write_text(output_html)
    elif not output_file.exists():
        pytest.fail(f'output file {output_file} does not exist')
    else:
        assert output_html == output_file.read_text()


def test_error_codes():
    error_text = (DOCS_ROOT / 'errors/usage_errors.md').read_text()

    code_error_codes = PydanticErrorCodes.__args__

    documented_error_codes = tuple(re.findall(r'^## .+ \{#(.+?)}$', error_text, flags=re.MULTILINE))

    assert code_error_codes == documented_error_codes, 'Error codes in code and docs do not match'


def test_validation_error_codes():
    error_text = (DOCS_ROOT / 'errors/validation_errors.md').read_text()

    expected_validation_error_codes = set(core_schema.ErrorType.__args__)
    # Remove codes that are not currently accessible from pydantic:
    expected_validation_error_codes.remove('timezone_offset')  # not currently exposed for configuration in pydantic

    test_failures = []

    documented_validation_error_codes = []
    error_code_section = None
    printed_error_code = None
    for line in error_text.splitlines():
        section_match = re.fullmatch(r'## `(.+)`', line)
        if section_match:
            if error_code_section is not None and printed_error_code != error_code_section:
                test_failures.append(f'Error code {error_code_section!r} is not printed in its example')
            error_code_section = section_match.group(1)
            if error_code_section not in expected_validation_error_codes:
                test_failures.append(f'Documented error code {error_code_section!r} is not a member of ErrorType')
            documented_validation_error_codes.append(error_code_section)
            printed_error_code = None
            continue

        printed_match = re.search("#> '(.+)'", line)
        if printed_match:
            printed_error_code = printed_match.group(1)

    assert test_failures == []

    code_validation_error_codes = sorted(expected_validation_error_codes)
    assert code_validation_error_codes == documented_validation_error_codes, 'Error codes in code and docs do not match'
