### Change Summary

Ruff is now the sole linter 👍 
Files Altered: ['Makefile', 'docs/contributing.md', 'pyproject.toml', 'pdm.lock' ]

Notes: 

For pyproject.toml file,  I removed the last element('E501') of line 180 given black's removal but I'm not totally sure what this line is for. 

### Related Issue Number

Fix #7914

## Checklist

* [x] The pull request title is a good summary of the changes - it will be used in the changelog
* [ ] Unit tests for the changes exist
* [ ] Tests pass on CI
* [x] Documentation reflects the changes where applicable
* [x] My PR is ready to review, **please add a comment including the phrase "please review" to assign reviewers**

Adopting `ruff` formatter. ### Change Summary

Ruff is now the sole linter 👍 
Files Altered: ['Makefile', 'docs/contributing.md', 'pyproject.toml', 'pdm.lock' ]

Notes: 

For pyproject.toml file,  I removed the last element('E501') of line 180 given black's removal but I'm not totally sure what this line is for. 

### Related Issue Number

Fix #7914

## Checklist

* [x] The pull request title is a good summary of the changes - it will be used in the changelog
* [ ] Unit tests for the changes exist
* [ ] Tests pass on CI
* [x] Documentation reflects the changes where applicable
* [x] My PR is ready to review, **please add a comment including the phrase "please review" to assign reviewers**

"""Old `@validator` and `@root_validator` function validators from V1."""

from __future__ import annotations as _annotations

from functools import partial, partialmethod
from types import FunctionType
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable, TypeVar, Union, overload
from warnings import warn

from typing_extensions import Literal, Protocol, TypeAlias

from .._internal import _decorators, _decorators_v1
from ..errors import PydanticUserError
from ..warnings import PydanticDeprecatedSince20

_ALLOW_REUSE_WARNING_MESSAGE = '`allow_reuse` is deprecated and will be ignored; it should no longer be necessary'


if TYPE_CHECKING:

    class _OnlyValueValidatorClsMethod(Protocol):
        def __call__(self, __cls: Any, __value: Any) -> Any:
            ...

    class _V1ValidatorWithValuesClsMethod(Protocol):
        def __call__(self, __cls: Any, __value: Any, values: dict[str, Any]) -> Any:
            ...

    class _V1ValidatorWithValuesKwOnlyClsMethod(Protocol):
        def __call__(self, __cls: Any, __value: Any, *, values: dict[str, Any]) -> Any:
            ...

    class _V1ValidatorWithKwargsClsMethod(Protocol):
        def __call__(self, __cls: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:
            ...

    class _V1ValidatorWithValuesAndKwargsClsMethod(Protocol):
        def __call__(self, __cls: Any, values: dict[str, Any], **kwargs: Any) -> Any:
            ...

    class _V1RootValidatorClsMethod(Protocol):
        def __call__(
            self, __cls: Any, __values: _decorators_v1.RootValidatorValues
        ) -> _decorators_v1.RootValidatorValues:
            ...

    V1Validator = Union[
        _OnlyValueValidatorClsMethod,
        _V1ValidatorWithValuesClsMethod,
        _V1ValidatorWithValuesKwOnlyClsMethod,
        _V1ValidatorWithKwargsClsMethod,
        _V1ValidatorWithValuesAndKwargsClsMethod,
        _decorators_v1.V1ValidatorWithValues,
        _decorators_v1.V1ValidatorWithValuesKwOnly,
        _decorators_v1.V1ValidatorWithKwargs,
        _decorators_v1.V1ValidatorWithValuesAndKwargs,
    ]

    V1RootValidator = Union[
        _V1RootValidatorClsMethod,
        _decorators_v1.V1RootValidatorFunction,
    ]

    _PartialClsOrStaticMethod: TypeAlias = Union[classmethod[Any, Any, Any], staticmethod[Any, Any], partialmethod[Any]]

    # Allow both a V1 (assumed pre=False) or V2 (assumed mode='after') validator
    # We lie to type checkers and say we return the same thing we get
    # but in reality we return a proxy object that _mostly_ behaves like the wrapped thing
    _V1ValidatorType = TypeVar('_V1ValidatorType', V1Validator, _PartialClsOrStaticMethod)
    _V1RootValidatorFunctionType = TypeVar(
        '_V1RootValidatorFunctionType',
        _decorators_v1.V1RootValidatorFunction,
        _V1RootValidatorClsMethod,
        _PartialClsOrStaticMethod,
    )
else:
    # See PyCharm issues https://youtrack.jetbrains.com/issue/PY-21915
    # and https://youtrack.jetbrains.com/issue/PY-51428
    DeprecationWarning = PydanticDeprecatedSince20


def validator(
    __field: str,
    *fields: str,
    pre: bool = False,
    each_item: bool = False,
    always: bool = False,
    check_fields: bool | None = None,
    allow_reuse: bool = False,
) -> Callable[[_V1ValidatorType], _V1ValidatorType]:
    """Decorate methods on the class indicating that they should be used to validate fields.

    Args:
        __field (str): The first field the validator should be called on; this is separate
            from `fields` to ensure an error is raised if you don't pass at least one.
        *fields (str): Additional field(s) the validator should be called on.
        pre (bool, optional): Whether or not this validator should be called before the standard
            validators (else after). Defaults to False.
        each_item (bool, optional): For complex objects (sets, lists etc.) whether to validate
            individual elements rather than the whole object. Defaults to False.
        always (bool, optional): Whether this method and other validators should be called even if
            the value is missing. Defaults to False.
        check_fields (bool | None, optional): Whether to check that the fields actually exist on the model.
            Defaults to None.
        allow_reuse (bool, optional): Whether to track and raise an error if another validator refers to
            the decorated function. Defaults to False.

    Returns:
        Callable: A decorator that can be used to decorate a
            function to be used as a validator.
    """
    if allow_reuse is True:  # pragma: no cover
        warn(_ALLOW_REUSE_WARNING_MESSAGE, DeprecationWarning)
    fields = tuple((__field, *fields))
    if isinstance(fields[0], FunctionType):
        raise PydanticUserError(
            "`@validator` should be used with fields and keyword arguments, not bare. "
            "E.g. usage should be `@validator('<field_name>', ...)`",
            code='validator-no-fields',
        )
    elif not all(isinstance(field, str) for field in fields):
        raise PydanticUserError(
            "`@validator` fields should be passed as separate string args. "
            "E.g. usage should be `@validator('<field_name_1>', '<field_name_2>', ...)`",
            code='validator-invalid-fields',
        )

    warn(
        'Pydantic V1 style `@validator` validators are deprecated.'
        ' You should migrate to Pydantic V2 style `@field_validator` validators,'
        ' see the migration guide for more details',
        DeprecationWarning,
        stacklevel=2,
    )

    mode: Literal['before', 'after'] = 'before' if pre is True else 'after'

    def dec(f: Any) -> _decorators.PydanticDescriptorProxy[Any]:
        if _decorators.is_instance_method_from_sig(f):
            raise PydanticUserError(
                '`@validator` cannot be applied to instance methods', code='validator-instance-method'
            )
        # auto apply the @classmethod decorator
        f = _decorators.ensure_classmethod_based_on_signature(f)
        wrap = _decorators_v1.make_generic_v1_field_validator
        validator_wrapper_info = _decorators.ValidatorDecoratorInfo(
            fields=fields,
            mode=mode,
            each_item=each_item,
            always=always,
            check_fields=check_fields,
        )
        return _decorators.PydanticDescriptorProxy(f, validator_wrapper_info, shim=wrap)

    return dec  # type: ignore[return-value]


@overload
def root_validator(
    *,
    # if you don't specify `pre` the default is `pre=False`
    # which means you need to specify `skip_on_failure=True`
    skip_on_failure: Literal[True],
    allow_reuse: bool = ...,
) -> Callable[[_V1RootValidatorFunctionType], _V1RootValidatorFunctionType,]:
    ...


@overload
def root_validator(
    *,
    # if you specify `pre=True` then you don't need to specify
    # `skip_on_failure`, in fact it is not allowed as an argument!
    pre: Literal[True],
    allow_reuse: bool = ...,
) -> Callable[[_V1RootValidatorFunctionType], _V1RootValidatorFunctionType,]:
    ...


@overload
def root_validator(
    *,
    # if you explicitly specify `pre=False` then you
    # MUST specify `skip_on_failure=True`
    pre: Literal[False],
    skip_on_failure: Literal[True],
    allow_reuse: bool = ...,
) -> Callable[[_V1RootValidatorFunctionType], _V1RootValidatorFunctionType,]:
    ...


def root_validator(
    *__args,
    pre: bool = False,
    skip_on_failure: bool = False,
    allow_reuse: bool = False,
) -> Any:
    """Decorate methods on a model indicating that they should be used to validate (and perhaps
    modify) data either before or after standard model parsing/validation is performed.

    Args:
        pre (bool, optional): Whether this validator should be called before the standard
            validators (else after). Defaults to False.
        skip_on_failure (bool, optional): Whether to stop validation and return as soon as a
            failure is encountered. Defaults to False.
        allow_reuse (bool, optional): Whether to track and raise an error if another validator
            refers to the decorated function. Defaults to False.

    Returns:
        Any: A decorator that can be used to decorate a function to be used as a root_validator.
    """
    warn(
        'Pydantic V1 style `@root_validator` validators are deprecated.'
        ' You should migrate to Pydantic V2 style `@model_validator` validators,'
        ' see the migration guide for more details',
        DeprecationWarning,
        stacklevel=2,
    )

    if __args:
        # Ensure a nice error is raised if someone attempts to use the bare decorator
        return root_validator()(*__args)  # type: ignore

    if allow_reuse is True:  # pragma: no cover
        warn(_ALLOW_REUSE_WARNING_MESSAGE, DeprecationWarning)
    mode: Literal['before', 'after'] = 'before' if pre is True else 'after'
    if pre is False and skip_on_failure is not True:
        raise PydanticUserError(
            'If you use `@root_validator` with pre=False (the default) you MUST specify `skip_on_failure=True`.'
            ' Note that `@root_validator` is deprecated and should be replaced with `@model_validator`.',
            code='root-validator-pre-skip',
        )

    wrap = partial(_decorators_v1.make_v1_generic_root_validator, pre=pre)

    def dec(f: Callable[..., Any] | classmethod[Any, Any, Any] | staticmethod[Any, Any]) -> Any:
        if _decorators.is_instance_method_from_sig(f):
            raise TypeError('`@root_validator` cannot be applied to instance methods')
        # auto apply the @classmethod decorator
        res = _decorators.ensure_classmethod_based_on_signature(f)
        dec_info = _decorators.RootValidatorDecoratorInfo(mode=mode)
        return _decorators.PydanticDescriptorProxy(res, dec_info, shim=wrap)

    return dec

"""Old `@validator` and `@root_validator` function validators from V1."""

from __future__ import annotations as _annotations

from functools import partial, partialmethod
from types import FunctionType
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable, TypeVar, Union, overload
from warnings import warn

from typing_extensions import Literal, Protocol, TypeAlias

from .._internal import _decorators, _decorators_v1
from ..errors import PydanticUserError
from ..warnings import PydanticDeprecatedSince20

_ALLOW_REUSE_WARNING_MESSAGE = '`allow_reuse` is deprecated and will be ignored; it should no longer be necessary'


if TYPE_CHECKING:

    class _OnlyValueValidatorClsMethod(Protocol):
        def __call__(self, __cls: Any, __value: Any) -> Any:
            ...

    class _V1ValidatorWithValuesClsMethod(Protocol):
        def __call__(self, __cls: Any, __value: Any, values: dict[str, Any]) -> Any:
            ...

    class _V1ValidatorWithValuesKwOnlyClsMethod(Protocol):
        def __call__(self, __cls: Any, __value: Any, *, values: dict[str, Any]) -> Any:
            ...

    class _V1ValidatorWithKwargsClsMethod(Protocol):
        def __call__(self, __cls: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> Any:
            ...

    class _V1ValidatorWithValuesAndKwargsClsMethod(Protocol):
        def __call__(self, __cls: Any, values: dict[str, Any], **kwargs: Any) -> Any:
            ...

    class _V1RootValidatorClsMethod(Protocol):
        def __call__(
            self, __cls: Any, __values: _decorators_v1.RootValidatorValues
        ) -> _decorators_v1.RootValidatorValues:
            ...

    V1Validator = Union[
        _OnlyValueValidatorClsMethod,
        _V1ValidatorWithValuesClsMethod,
        _V1ValidatorWithValuesKwOnlyClsMethod,
        _V1ValidatorWithKwargsClsMethod,
        _V1ValidatorWithValuesAndKwargsClsMethod,
        _decorators_v1.V1ValidatorWithValues,
        _decorators_v1.V1ValidatorWithValuesKwOnly,
        _decorators_v1.V1ValidatorWithKwargs,
        _decorators_v1.V1ValidatorWithValuesAndKwargs,
    ]

    V1RootValidator = Union[
        _V1RootValidatorClsMethod,
        _decorators_v1.V1RootValidatorFunction,
    ]

    _PartialClsOrStaticMethod: TypeAlias = Union[classmethod[Any, Any, Any], staticmethod[Any, Any], partialmethod[Any]]

    # Allow both a V1 (assumed pre=False) or V2 (assumed mode='after') validator
    # We lie to type checkers and say we return the same thing we get
    # but in reality we return a proxy object that _mostly_ behaves like the wrapped thing
    _V1ValidatorType = TypeVar('_V1ValidatorType', V1Validator, _PartialClsOrStaticMethod)
    _V1RootValidatorFunctionType = TypeVar(
        '_V1RootValidatorFunctionType',
        _decorators_v1.V1RootValidatorFunction,
        _V1RootValidatorClsMethod,
        _PartialClsOrStaticMethod,
    )
else:
    # See PyCharm issues https://youtrack.jetbrains.com/issue/PY-21915
    # and https://youtrack.jetbrains.com/issue/PY-51428
    DeprecationWarning = PydanticDeprecatedSince20


def validator(
    __field: str,
    *fields: str,
    pre: bool = False,
    each_item: bool = False,
    always: bool = False,
    check_fields: bool | None = None,
    allow_reuse: bool = False,
) -> Callable[[_V1ValidatorType], _V1ValidatorType]:
    """Decorate methods on the class indicating that they should be used to validate fields.

    Args:
        __field (str): The first field the validator should be called on; this is separate
            from `fields` to ensure an error is raised if you don't pass at least one.
        *fields (str): Additional field(s) the validator should be called on.
        pre (bool, optional): Whether or not this validator should be called before the standard
            validators (else after). Defaults to False.
        each_item (bool, optional): For complex objects (sets, lists etc.) whether to validate
            individual elements rather than the whole object. Defaults to False.
        always (bool, optional): Whether this method and other validators should be called even if
            the value is missing. Defaults to False.
        check_fields (bool | None, optional): Whether to check that the fields actually exist on the model.
            Defaults to None.
        allow_reuse (bool, optional): Whether to track and raise an error if another validator refers to
            the decorated function. Defaults to False.

    Returns:
        Callable: A decorator that can be used to decorate a
            function to be used as a validator.
    """
    if allow_reuse is True:  # pragma: no cover
        warn(_ALLOW_REUSE_WARNING_MESSAGE, DeprecationWarning)
    fields = tuple((__field, *fields))
    if isinstance(fields[0], FunctionType):
        raise PydanticUserError(
            '`@validator` should be used with fields and keyword arguments, not bare. '
            "E.g. usage should be `@validator('<field_name>', ...)`",
            code='validator-no-fields',
        )
    elif not all(isinstance(field, str) for field in fields):
        raise PydanticUserError(
            '`@validator` fields should be passed as separate string args. '
            "E.g. usage should be `@validator('<field_name_1>', '<field_name_2>', ...)`",
            code='validator-invalid-fields',
        )

    warn(
        'Pydantic V1 style `@validator` validators are deprecated.'
        ' You should migrate to Pydantic V2 style `@field_validator` validators,'
        ' see the migration guide for more details',
        DeprecationWarning,
        stacklevel=2,
    )

    mode: Literal['before', 'after'] = 'before' if pre is True else 'after'

    def dec(f: Any) -> _decorators.PydanticDescriptorProxy[Any]:
        if _decorators.is_instance_method_from_sig(f):
            raise PydanticUserError(
                '`@validator` cannot be applied to instance methods', code='validator-instance-method'
            )
        # auto apply the @classmethod decorator
        f = _decorators.ensure_classmethod_based_on_signature(f)
        wrap = _decorators_v1.make_generic_v1_field_validator
        validator_wrapper_info = _decorators.ValidatorDecoratorInfo(
            fields=fields,
            mode=mode,
            each_item=each_item,
            always=always,
            check_fields=check_fields,
        )
        return _decorators.PydanticDescriptorProxy(f, validator_wrapper_info, shim=wrap)

    return dec  # type: ignore[return-value]


@overload
def root_validator(
    *,
    # if you don't specify `pre` the default is `pre=False`
    # which means you need to specify `skip_on_failure=True`
    skip_on_failure: Literal[True],
    allow_reuse: bool = ...,
) -> Callable[
    [_V1RootValidatorFunctionType],
    _V1RootValidatorFunctionType,
]:
    ...


@overload
def root_validator(
    *,
    # if you specify `pre=True` then you don't need to specify
    # `skip_on_failure`, in fact it is not allowed as an argument!
    pre: Literal[True],
    allow_reuse: bool = ...,
) -> Callable[
    [_V1RootValidatorFunctionType],
    _V1RootValidatorFunctionType,
]:
    ...


@overload
def root_validator(
    *,
    # if you explicitly specify `pre=False` then you
    # MUST specify `skip_on_failure=True`
    pre: Literal[False],
    skip_on_failure: Literal[True],
    allow_reuse: bool = ...,
) -> Callable[
    [_V1RootValidatorFunctionType],
    _V1RootValidatorFunctionType,
]:
    ...


def root_validator(
    *__args,
    pre: bool = False,
    skip_on_failure: bool = False,
    allow_reuse: bool = False,
) -> Any:
    """Decorate methods on a model indicating that they should be used to validate (and perhaps
    modify) data either before or after standard model parsing/validation is performed.

    Args:
        pre (bool, optional): Whether this validator should be called before the standard
            validators (else after). Defaults to False.
        skip_on_failure (bool, optional): Whether to stop validation and return as soon as a
            failure is encountered. Defaults to False.
        allow_reuse (bool, optional): Whether to track and raise an error if another validator
            refers to the decorated function. Defaults to False.

    Returns:
        Any: A decorator that can be used to decorate a function to be used as a root_validator.
    """
    warn(
        'Pydantic V1 style `@root_validator` validators are deprecated.'
        ' You should migrate to Pydantic V2 style `@model_validator` validators,'
        ' see the migration guide for more details',
        DeprecationWarning,
        stacklevel=2,
    )

    if __args:
        # Ensure a nice error is raised if someone attempts to use the bare decorator
        return root_validator()(*__args)  # type: ignore

    if allow_reuse is True:  # pragma: no cover
        warn(_ALLOW_REUSE_WARNING_MESSAGE, DeprecationWarning)
    mode: Literal['before', 'after'] = 'before' if pre is True else 'after'
    if pre is False and skip_on_failure is not True:
        raise PydanticUserError(
            'If you use `@root_validator` with pre=False (the default) you MUST specify `skip_on_failure=True`.'
            ' Note that `@root_validator` is deprecated and should be replaced with `@model_validator`.',
            code='root-validator-pre-skip',
        )

    wrap = partial(_decorators_v1.make_v1_generic_root_validator, pre=pre)

    def dec(f: Callable[..., Any] | classmethod[Any, Any, Any] | staticmethod[Any, Any]) -> Any:
        if _decorators.is_instance_method_from_sig(f):
            raise TypeError('`@root_validator` cannot be applied to instance methods')
        # auto apply the @classmethod decorator
        res = _decorators.ensure_classmethod_based_on_signature(f)
        dec_info = _decorators.RootValidatorDecoratorInfo(mode=mode)
        return _decorators.PydanticDescriptorProxy(res, dec_info, shim=wrap)

    return dec
