Little penguin Polo likes permutations. But most of all he likes permutations of integers from 0 to n, inclusive.

For permutation p = p0, p1, ..., pn, Polo has defined its beauty — number <image>.

Expression <image> means applying the operation of bitwise excluding "OR" to numbers x and y. This operation exists in all modern programming languages, for example, in language C++ and Java it is represented as "^" and in Pascal — as "xor".

Help him find among all permutations of integers from 0 to n the permutation with the maximum beauty.

Input

The single line contains a positive integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 106).

Output

In the first line print integer m the maximum possible beauty. In the second line print any permutation of integers from 0 to n with the beauty equal to m.

If there are several suitable permutations, you are allowed to print any of them.

Examples

Input

4


Output

20
0 2 1 4 3
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

public class A implements Runnable {

    private static final boolean ONLINE_JUDGE = System.getProperty("ONLINE_JUDGE") != null;

    private BufferedReader in;
    private PrintWriter out;
    private StringTokenizer tok = new StringTokenizer("");

    private void init() throws FileNotFoundException {
        Locale.setDefault(Locale.US);
        String fileName = "";
        if (ONLINE_JUDGE && fileName.isEmpty()) {
            in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
            out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
        } else {
            if (fileName.isEmpty()) {
                in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("input.txt"));
                out = new PrintWriter("output.txt");
            } else {
                in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(fileName + ".in"));
                out = new PrintWriter(fileName + ".out");
            }
        }
    }

    String readString() {
        while (!tok.hasMoreTokens()) {
            try {
                tok = new StringTokenizer(in.readLine());
            } catch (Exception e) {
                return null;
            }
        }
        return tok.nextToken();
    }

    int readInt() {
        return Integer.parseInt(readString());
    }

    long readLong() {
        return Long.parseLong(readString());
    }

    double readDouble() {
        return Double.parseDouble(readString());
    }

    int[] readIntArray(int size) {
        int[] a = new int[size];
        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
            a[i] = readInt();
        }
        return a;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //new Thread(null, new _Solution(), "", 128 * (1L << 20)).start();
        new A().run();
    }

    long timeBegin, timeEnd;

    void time() {
        timeEnd = System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.err.println("Time = " + (timeEnd - timeBegin));
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try {
            timeBegin = System.currentTimeMillis();
            init();
            solve();
            out.close();
            time();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.exit(-1);
        }
    }

    long calcMax(int[] a) {
        long res = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
            res += i ^ a[i];
        }
        return res;
    }

    boolean hasBit(int x, int i) {
        return Integer.bitCount(x & (1 << i)) == 1;
    }

    private void solve() {
        int n = readInt();
        int[] a = new int[n + 1];
        while (n > 0) {
            int b = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < 25; i++) {
                if (hasBit(n, i)) {
                    b = i;
                }
            }
            for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) {
                if (hasBit(i, b)) {
                    for (int left = i - 1, right = i, k = 0; left >= 0 && right <= n; left--, right++, k++) {
                        a[left] = i + k;
                        a[right] = i - k - 1;
                    }
                    n = i - (n - i + 1) - 1;
                    break;
                }
            }
        }
        out.println(calcMax(a));
        for (int x : a) {
            out.print(x + " ");
        }
    }
}