Consider a sequence of digits of length 2^k [a_1, a_2, …, a_{2^k}]. We perform the following operation with it: replace pairs (a_{2i+1}, a_{2i+2}) with (a_{2i+1} + a_{2i+2})mod 10 for 0≤ i<2^{k-1}. For every i where a_{2i+1} + a_{2i+2}≥ 10 we get a candy! As a result, we will get a sequence of length 2^{k-1}.

Less formally, we partition sequence of length 2^k into 2^{k-1} pairs, each consisting of 2 numbers: the first pair consists of the first and second numbers, the second of the third and fourth …, the last pair consists of the (2^k-1)-th and (2^k)-th numbers. For every pair such that sum of numbers in it is at least 10, we get a candy. After that, we replace every pair of numbers with a remainder of the division of their sum by 10 (and don't change the order of the numbers).

Perform this operation with a resulting array until it becomes of length 1. Let f([a_1, a_2, …, a_{2^k}]) denote the number of candies we get in this process. 

For example: if the starting sequence is [8, 7, 3, 1, 7, 0, 9, 4] then:

After the first operation the sequence becomes [(8 + 7)mod 10, (3 + 1)mod 10, (7 + 0)mod 10, (9 + 4)mod 10] = [5, 4, 7, 3], and we get 2 candies as 8 + 7 ≥ 10 and 9 + 4 ≥ 10.

After the second operation the sequence becomes [(5 + 4)mod 10, (7 + 3)mod 10] = [9, 0], and we get one more candy as 7 + 3 ≥ 10. 

After the final operation sequence becomes [(9 + 0) mod 10] = [9]. 

Therefore, f([8, 7, 3, 1, 7, 0, 9, 4]) = 3 as we got 3 candies in total.

You are given a sequence of digits of length n s_1, s_2, … s_n. You have to answer q queries of the form (l_i, r_i), where for i-th query you have to output f([s_{l_i}, s_{l_i+1}, …, s_{r_i}]). It is guaranteed that r_i-l_i+1 is of form 2^k for some nonnegative integer k.

Input

The first line contains a single integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 10^5) — the length of the sequence.

The second line contains n digits s_1, s_2, …, s_n (0 ≤ s_i ≤ 9).

The third line contains a single integer q (1 ≤ q ≤ 10^5) — the number of queries.

Each of the next q lines contains two integers l_i, r_i (1 ≤ l_i ≤ r_i ≤ n) — i-th query. It is guaranteed that r_i-l_i+1 is a nonnegative integer power of 2.

Output

Output q lines, in i-th line output single integer — f([s_{l_i}, s_{l_i + 1}, …, s_{r_i}]), answer to the i-th query.

Examples

Input


8
8 7 3 1 7 0 9 4
3
1 8
2 5
7 7


Output


3
1
0


Input


6
0 1 2 3 3 5
3
1 2
1 4
3 6


Output


0
0
1

Note

The first example illustrates an example from the statement.

f([7, 3, 1, 7]) = 1: sequence of operations is [7, 3, 1, 7] → [(7 + 3)mod 10, (1 + 7)mod 10] = [0, 8] and one candy as 7 + 3 ≥ 10 → [(0 + 8) mod 10] = [8], so we get only 1 candy.

f([9]) = 0 as we don't perform operations with it.
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;


public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        InputStream inputStream = System.in;
        OutputStream outputStream = System.out;
        InputReader in = new InputReader(inputStream);
        InputReader.OutputWriter out = new InputReader.OutputWriter(outputStream);
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

        int n = in.nextInt();
        int [] a = new int[n];
        for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
            a[i] = in.nextInt();
        }
        int [] prefixSum = new int[n+1];
        for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
            prefixSum[i+1] = prefixSum[i] + a[i];
        }
        int q = in.nextInt();
        while (q-->0) {
            int l = in.nextInt();
            int r = in.nextInt();
            l--;
            out.println((prefixSum[r] - prefixSum[l])/10);
        }
        out.flush();

    }
    static int f(int n) {
        if(n%2==0) return n/2;
        return 3*n+1;
    }
    static boolean check(char [] ca,char [] cb) {
        for (char c = 'a';c<='z';c++) {
            HashSet<Character> set = new HashSet<>();
            for (int i = 0; i < ca.length; i++) {
                if(ca[i] == c) {
                    set.add(cb[i]);
                }
                if(set.size() > 1) {
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }
        return  true;
    }
    private static boolean check(LinkedHashMap<Character,Integer> m1,LinkedHashMap<Character,Integer> m2) {
        if(m1.size()!=m2.size()) return false;
        Set<Map.Entry<Character,Integer>> s = m2.entrySet();
        Iterator<Map.Entry<Character,Integer>> it = s.iterator();
        for(Map.Entry<Character,Integer> m : m1.entrySet()) {
            Map.Entry<Character,Integer> next = it.next();
            if(m.getKey()!=next.getKey()) return false;
            else {
                if(m.getValue() < next.getValue()) return false;
                else {
                    if(m.getValue() > next.getValue()) {
                        if(m.getValue() < 3) return false;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return true;
    }
}

class Envelope {
    private int width;
    private int height;

    public int getHeight() {
        return height;
    }

    public int getWidth() {
        return width;
    }

    public Envelope(int width,int height) {
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return width + " " + height;
    }
}

class InputReader extends BufferedReader {
    StringTokenizer tokenizer;

    public InputReader(InputStream inputStream) {
        super(new InputStreamReader(inputStream), 32768);
    }

    public InputReader(String filename) {
        super(new InputStreamReader(Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(filename)));
    }

    public String next() {
        while (tokenizer == null || !tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
            try {
                tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(readLine());
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException();
            }
        }
        return tokenizer.nextToken();
    }
    public Integer nextInt() {return Integer.valueOf(next());}
    public Long nextLong() {return  Long.valueOf(next());}
    public Double nextDouble() {return Double.valueOf(next());}

    static class OutputWriter extends PrintWriter {
        public OutputWriter(OutputStream outputStream) {
            super(outputStream);
        }

        public OutputWriter(Writer writer) {
            super(writer);
        }

        public OutputWriter(String filename) throws FileNotFoundException {
            super(filename);
        }

        public void close() {
            super.close();
        }
    }
}