Little penguin Polo likes permutations. But most of all he likes permutations of integers from 0 to n, inclusive.

For permutation p = p0, p1, ..., pn, Polo has defined its beauty — number <image>.

Expression <image> means applying the operation of bitwise excluding "OR" to numbers x and y. This operation exists in all modern programming languages, for example, in language C++ and Java it is represented as "^" and in Pascal — as "xor".

Help him find among all permutations of integers from 0 to n the permutation with the maximum beauty.

Input

The single line contains a positive integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 106).

Output

In the first line print integer m the maximum possible beauty. In the second line print any permutation of integers from 0 to n with the beauty equal to m.

If there are several suitable permutations, you are allowed to print any of them.

Examples

Input

4


Output

20
0 2 1 4 3
/* Codeforces Template */

import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

import static java.lang.Math.*;
import static java.util.Arrays.fill;
import static java.util.Arrays.binarySearch;
import static java.util.Arrays.sort;

public class Main {
	
	static long initTime;
	static final Random rnd = new Random(7777L);
	static boolean writeLog = false;
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		initTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
		try {
			writeLog = "true".equals(System.getProperty("LOCAL_RUN_7777"));
		} catch (SecurityException e) {}
		new Thread(null, new Runnable() {
			public void run() {
				try {
					try {
						if (new File("input.txt").exists())
							System.setIn(new FileInputStream("input.txt"));
					} catch (SecurityException e) {}
					long prevTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
					new Main().run();
					log("Total time: " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - prevTime) + " ms");
					log("Memory status: " + memoryStatus());
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}, "1", 1L << 24).start(); 
	}

	void run() throws IOException {
		in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
		out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
		solve();
		out.close();
		in.close();
	}
	
	/*************************************************************** 
	 * Solution
	 **************************************************************/

	long sum = 0L;
	
	void solve() throws IOException  {
		
		int n = nextInt();
	
		int[] perm = new int [n + 1];
		for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++)
			perm[i] = i;
		
		boolean[] used = new boolean [n + 1];
		
		for (int deg = 20; deg >= 0; deg--) {
			int fmask = (1 << deg) - 1;
			
			for (int x = n; x > 0; x--) {
				if (used[x]) continue;
				int y = fmask ^ x;
				
				if (y > n || used[y]) continue;
				
				used[x] = true;
				used[y] = true;
				swap(perm, x, y);
				sum += fmask;
				sum += fmask;
			}
		}
		
		out.println(sum);
		printArray(perm);
	}
	
	void swap(int[] a, int i, int j) {
		int t = a[i];
		a[i] = a[j];
		a[j] = t;
	}

	/*************************************************************** 
	 * Input 
	 **************************************************************/
	BufferedReader in;
	PrintWriter out;
	StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer("");
	
	String nextToken() throws IOException {
		while (!st.hasMoreTokens())
			st = new StringTokenizer(in.readLine());
		return st.nextToken();
	}
	
	int nextInt() throws IOException {
		return Integer.parseInt(nextToken());
	}
	
	long nextLong() throws IOException {
		return Long.parseLong(nextToken());
	}
	
	double nextDouble() throws IOException {
		return Double.parseDouble(nextToken());
	}
	
	int[] nextIntArray(int size) throws IOException {
		int[] ret = new int [size];
		for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
			ret[i] = nextInt();
		return ret;
	}
	
	long[] nextLongArray(int size) throws IOException {
		long[] ret = new long [size];
		for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
			ret[i] = nextLong();
		return ret;
	}
	
	double[] nextDoubleArray(int size) throws IOException {
		double[] ret = new double [size];
		for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
			ret[i] = nextDouble();
		return ret;
	}
	
	String nextLine() throws IOException {
		st = new StringTokenizer("");
		return in.readLine();
	}
	
	boolean EOF() throws IOException {
		while (!st.hasMoreTokens()) {
			String s = in.readLine();
			if (s == null)
				return true;
			st = new StringTokenizer(s);
		}
		return false;
	}
	
	/*************************************************************** 
	 * Output 
	 **************************************************************/
	void printRepeat(String s, int count) {
		for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
			out.print(s);
	}
	
	void printArray(int[] array) {
		if (array == null || array.length == 0)
			return;
		for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
			if (i > 0) out.print(' ');
			out.print(array[i]);
		}
		out.println();
	}
	
	void printArray(long[] array) {
		if (array == null || array.length == 0)
			return;
		for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
			if (i > 0) out.print(' ');
			out.print(array[i]);
		}
		out.println();
	}
	
	void printArray(double[] array) {
		if (array == null || array.length == 0)
			return;
		for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
			if (i > 0) out.print(' ');
			out.print(array[i]);
		}
		out.println();
	}
	
	void printArray(double[] array, String spec) {
		if (array == null || array.length == 0)
			return;
		for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
			if (i > 0) out.print(' ');
			out.printf(Locale.US, spec, array[i]);
		}
		out.println();
	}
	
	void printArray(Object[] array) {
		if (array == null || array.length == 0)
			return;
		boolean blank = false;
		for (Object x : array) {
			if (blank) out.print(' '); else blank = true;
			out.print(x);
		}
		out.println();
	}
	
	@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
	void printCollection(Collection collection) {
		if (collection == null || collection.isEmpty())
			return;
		boolean blank = false;
		for (Object x : collection) {
			if (blank) out.print(' '); else blank = true;
			out.print(x);
		}
		out.println();
	}
	
	/*************************************************************** 
	 * Utility
	 **************************************************************/
	static String memoryStatus() {
		return (Runtime.getRuntime().totalMemory() - Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory() >> 20) + "/" + (Runtime.getRuntime().totalMemory() >> 20) + " MB";
	}
	
	static void checkMemory() {
		System.err.println(memoryStatus());
	}
	
	static long prevTimeStamp = Long.MIN_VALUE;
	
	static void updateTimer() {
		prevTimeStamp = System.currentTimeMillis();
	}
	
	static long elapsedTime() {
		return (System.currentTimeMillis() - prevTimeStamp);
	}
	
	static void checkTimer() {
		System.err.println(elapsedTime() + " ms");
	}
	
	static void chk(boolean f) {
		if (!f) throw new RuntimeException("Assert failed");
	}
	
	static void chk(boolean f, String format, Object ... args) {
		if (!f) throw new RuntimeException(String.format(format, args));
	}
	
	static void log(String format, Object ... args) {
		if (writeLog) System.err.println(String.format(Locale.US, format, args));
	}
}
