Little penguin Polo likes permutations. But most of all he likes permutations of integers from 0 to n, inclusive.

For permutation p = p0, p1, ..., pn, Polo has defined its beauty — number <image>.

Expression <image> means applying the operation of bitwise excluding "OR" to numbers x and y. This operation exists in all modern programming languages, for example, in language C++ and Java it is represented as "^" and in Pascal — as "xor".

Help him find among all permutations of integers from 0 to n the permutation with the maximum beauty.

Input

The single line contains a positive integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 106).

Output

In the first line print integer m the maximum possible beauty. In the second line print any permutation of integers from 0 to n with the beauty equal to m.

If there are several suitable permutations, you are allowed to print any of them.

Examples

Input

4


Output

20
0 2 1 4 3
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;


public class E {
    
    static StringTokenizer st;
    static BufferedReader in;
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(System.out)));
        int n = nextInt();
        int[]ans = new int[n+1];
        Arrays.fill(ans, -1);
        long sum = 0;
        for (int i = n; i >= 0; i--) {
            if (ans[i]==-1) {
                int x = i, t = 0, k = 0;
                while (x > 0) {
                    if ((x & 1)==0)
                        t |= (1 << k);
                    x >>= 1;
                    k++;
                }
                sum += 2 * (i ^ t);
                ans[i] = t;
                ans[t] = i;
            }
        }
        pw.println(sum);
        for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++) {
            pw.print(ans[i]+" ");
        }
        pw.close();
    }
    private static int nextInt() throws IOException{
        return Integer.parseInt(next());
    }
    
    private static long nextLong() throws IOException{
        return Long.parseLong(next());
    }
    
    private static double nextDouble() throws IOException{
        return Double.parseDouble(next());
    }
    
    private static String next() throws IOException {
        while (st == null || !st.hasMoreTokens()) {
            st = new StringTokenizer(in.readLine());
        }
        return st.nextToken();
    }
}
