Consider a sequence of digits of length 2^k [a_1, a_2, …, a_{2^k}]. We perform the following operation with it: replace pairs (a_{2i+1}, a_{2i+2}) with (a_{2i+1} + a_{2i+2})mod 10 for 0≤ i<2^{k-1}. For every i where a_{2i+1} + a_{2i+2}≥ 10 we get a candy! As a result, we will get a sequence of length 2^{k-1}.

Less formally, we partition sequence of length 2^k into 2^{k-1} pairs, each consisting of 2 numbers: the first pair consists of the first and second numbers, the second of the third and fourth …, the last pair consists of the (2^k-1)-th and (2^k)-th numbers. For every pair such that sum of numbers in it is at least 10, we get a candy. After that, we replace every pair of numbers with a remainder of the division of their sum by 10 (and don't change the order of the numbers).

Perform this operation with a resulting array until it becomes of length 1. Let f([a_1, a_2, …, a_{2^k}]) denote the number of candies we get in this process. 

For example: if the starting sequence is [8, 7, 3, 1, 7, 0, 9, 4] then:

After the first operation the sequence becomes [(8 + 7)mod 10, (3 + 1)mod 10, (7 + 0)mod 10, (9 + 4)mod 10] = [5, 4, 7, 3], and we get 2 candies as 8 + 7 ≥ 10 and 9 + 4 ≥ 10.

After the second operation the sequence becomes [(5 + 4)mod 10, (7 + 3)mod 10] = [9, 0], and we get one more candy as 7 + 3 ≥ 10. 

After the final operation sequence becomes [(9 + 0) mod 10] = [9]. 

Therefore, f([8, 7, 3, 1, 7, 0, 9, 4]) = 3 as we got 3 candies in total.

You are given a sequence of digits of length n s_1, s_2, … s_n. You have to answer q queries of the form (l_i, r_i), where for i-th query you have to output f([s_{l_i}, s_{l_i+1}, …, s_{r_i}]). It is guaranteed that r_i-l_i+1 is of form 2^k for some nonnegative integer k.

Input

The first line contains a single integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 10^5) — the length of the sequence.

The second line contains n digits s_1, s_2, …, s_n (0 ≤ s_i ≤ 9).

The third line contains a single integer q (1 ≤ q ≤ 10^5) — the number of queries.

Each of the next q lines contains two integers l_i, r_i (1 ≤ l_i ≤ r_i ≤ n) — i-th query. It is guaranteed that r_i-l_i+1 is a nonnegative integer power of 2.

Output

Output q lines, in i-th line output single integer — f([s_{l_i}, s_{l_i + 1}, …, s_{r_i}]), answer to the i-th query.

Examples

Input


8
8 7 3 1 7 0 9 4
3
1 8
2 5
7 7


Output


3
1
0


Input


6
0 1 2 3 3 5
3
1 2
1 4
3 6


Output


0
0
1

Note

The first example illustrates an example from the statement.

f([7, 3, 1, 7]) = 1: sequence of operations is [7, 3, 1, 7] → [(7 + 3)mod 10, (1 + 7)mod 10] = [0, 8] and one candy as 7 + 3 ≥ 10 → [(0 + 8) mod 10] = [8], so we get only 1 candy.

f([9]) = 0 as we don't perform operations with it.
import java.util.*;
 
import java.io.*;
 
public class Exam {
	
	public static long mod = (long) Math.pow(10, 9)+7 ;
	public static InputReader sc = new InputReader(System.in);
	public static PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(System.out);
	public static int shift(int a[],int n){
		int d[][]=new int[2][a.length];
		if(a.length%n==0){
			for(int i=0;i<n;i++){
				//d[0][i]=0;
				for(int j=i;j<a.length;j+=n){
					//if((d[0][j]==0&&a[j]==1)||(d[0][j]==1&&a[j]==0))
					d[1][j]=d[0][j]^a[j];
					if(j+n<a.length)
					d[0][j+n]=d[1][j];
					else{
						if(d[1][j]!=d[0][i])
						return 0;
					}
				}
			}
		}
		else{
			return shift(a, gcd(a.length,n));
		}
 
		//pw.println(n);
		return 1;
	}
	public static int gcd(int a,int b){
		if(b==0)
		return a;
		else
		return gcd(b,a%b);
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
 
		// Code starts..
		
		int n=sc.nextInt();
		int a[]=scanArray(n);
		int dp[]=new int [n+1];
		for(int i=2;i<=n;i++){
			dp[i]=a[i-1]+a[i-2]+dp[i-2];
		}
		int q=sc.nextInt();
		while(q>0){
			q--;
			int a1=sc.nextInt();
			int b1=sc.nextInt();
			if(a1==b1)
			pw.println(0);
			else
			pw.println((dp[b1]-dp[a1-1])/10);
		}


		// Code ends...
		pw.flush();
		pw.close();
	}
	
	public static String reverseString(String s){
		StringBuilder input1 = new StringBuilder(); 
        input1.append(s);  
		input1 = input1.reverse();
		return input1.toString();
	}
	public static int[] scanArray(int n){
		int a[]=new int [n];
		for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
		a[i]=sc.nextInt();
 
		return a;
	}
	public static long[] scanLongArray(int n){
		long a[]=new long [n];
		for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
		a[i]=sc.nextLong();
 
		return a;
	}
	public static String [] scanStrings(int n){
		String a[]=new String [n];
		for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
		a[i]=sc.nextLine();
 
		return a;
	}
	static class InputReader {
 
		private final InputStream stream;
		private final byte[] buf = new byte[8192];
		private int curChar, snumChars;
		private SpaceCharFilter filter;
 
		public InputReader(InputStream stream) {
			this.stream = stream;
		}
 
		public int snext() {
			if (snumChars == -1)
				throw new InputMismatchException();
			if (curChar >= snumChars) {
				curChar = 0;
				try {
					snumChars = stream.read(buf);
				} catch (IOException e) {
					throw new InputMismatchException();
				}
				if (snumChars <= 0)
					return -1;
			}
			return buf[curChar++];
		}
 
		public int nextInt() {
			int c = snext();
			while (isSpaceChar(c)) {
				c = snext();
			}
			int sgn = 1;
			if (c == '-') {
				sgn = -1;
				c = snext();
			}
			int res = 0;
			do {
				if (c < '0' || c > '9')
					throw new InputMismatchException();
				res *= 10;
				res += c - '0';
				c = snext();
			} while (!isSpaceChar(c));
			return res * sgn;
		}
 
		public long nextLong() {
			int c = snext();
			while (isSpaceChar(c)) {
				c = snext();
			}
			int sgn = 1;
			if (c == '-') {
				sgn = -1;
				c = snext();
			}
			long res = 0;
			do {
				if (c < '0' || c > '9')
					throw new InputMismatchException();
				res *= 10;
				res += c - '0';
				c = snext();
			} while (!isSpaceChar(c));
			return res * sgn;
		}
 
		public int[] nextIntArray(int n) {
			int a[] = new int[n];
			for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
				a[i] = nextInt();
			}
			return a;
		}
 
		public String readString() {
			int c = snext();
			while (isSpaceChar(c)) {
				c = snext();
			}
			StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
			do {
				res.appendCodePoint(c);
				c = snext();
			} while (!isSpaceChar(c));
			return res.toString();
		}
 
		public String nextLine() {
			int c = snext();
			while (isSpaceChar(c))
				c = snext();
			StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
			do {
				res.appendCodePoint(c);
				c = snext();
			} while (!isEndOfLine(c));
			return res.toString();
		}
 
		public boolean isSpaceChar(int c) {
			if (filter != null)
				return filter.isSpaceChar(c);
			return c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == '\t' || c == -1;
		}
 
		private boolean isEndOfLine(int c) {
			return c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == -1;
		}
 
		public interface SpaceCharFilter {
			public boolean isSpaceChar(int ch);
		}
	}
 
}
