Consider a sequence of digits of length 2^k [a_1, a_2, …, a_{2^k}]. We perform the following operation with it: replace pairs (a_{2i+1}, a_{2i+2}) with (a_{2i+1} + a_{2i+2})mod 10 for 0≤ i<2^{k-1}. For every i where a_{2i+1} + a_{2i+2}≥ 10 we get a candy! As a result, we will get a sequence of length 2^{k-1}.

Less formally, we partition sequence of length 2^k into 2^{k-1} pairs, each consisting of 2 numbers: the first pair consists of the first and second numbers, the second of the third and fourth …, the last pair consists of the (2^k-1)-th and (2^k)-th numbers. For every pair such that sum of numbers in it is at least 10, we get a candy. After that, we replace every pair of numbers with a remainder of the division of their sum by 10 (and don't change the order of the numbers).

Perform this operation with a resulting array until it becomes of length 1. Let f([a_1, a_2, …, a_{2^k}]) denote the number of candies we get in this process. 

For example: if the starting sequence is [8, 7, 3, 1, 7, 0, 9, 4] then:

After the first operation the sequence becomes [(8 + 7)mod 10, (3 + 1)mod 10, (7 + 0)mod 10, (9 + 4)mod 10] = [5, 4, 7, 3], and we get 2 candies as 8 + 7 ≥ 10 and 9 + 4 ≥ 10.

After the second operation the sequence becomes [(5 + 4)mod 10, (7 + 3)mod 10] = [9, 0], and we get one more candy as 7 + 3 ≥ 10. 

After the final operation sequence becomes [(9 + 0) mod 10] = [9]. 

Therefore, f([8, 7, 3, 1, 7, 0, 9, 4]) = 3 as we got 3 candies in total.

You are given a sequence of digits of length n s_1, s_2, … s_n. You have to answer q queries of the form (l_i, r_i), where for i-th query you have to output f([s_{l_i}, s_{l_i+1}, …, s_{r_i}]). It is guaranteed that r_i-l_i+1 is of form 2^k for some nonnegative integer k.

Input

The first line contains a single integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 10^5) — the length of the sequence.

The second line contains n digits s_1, s_2, …, s_n (0 ≤ s_i ≤ 9).

The third line contains a single integer q (1 ≤ q ≤ 10^5) — the number of queries.

Each of the next q lines contains two integers l_i, r_i (1 ≤ l_i ≤ r_i ≤ n) — i-th query. It is guaranteed that r_i-l_i+1 is a nonnegative integer power of 2.

Output

Output q lines, in i-th line output single integer — f([s_{l_i}, s_{l_i + 1}, …, s_{r_i}]), answer to the i-th query.

Examples

Input


8
8 7 3 1 7 0 9 4
3
1 8
2 5
7 7


Output


3
1
0


Input


6
0 1 2 3 3 5
3
1 2
1 4
3 6


Output


0
0
1

Note

The first example illustrates an example from the statement.

f([7, 3, 1, 7]) = 1: sequence of operations is [7, 3, 1, 7] → [(7 + 3)mod 10, (1 + 7)mod 10] = [0, 8] and one candy as 7 + 3 ≥ 10 → [(0 + 8) mod 10] = [8], so we get only 1 candy.

f([9]) = 0 as we don't perform operations with it.
/**
 * Created by Himanshu
 **/

import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.math.*;

public class C1189 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
        Reader s = new Reader();
        int n = s.i();
        int [] arr = s.arr(n);
        int [] sum = new int[n+1];
        for (int i=1;i<=n;i++) {
            sum[i] = sum[i-1] + arr[i-1];
        }
        int q = s.i();
        while (q-- > 0) {
            int l = s.i() , r = s.i();
            int val = sum[r] - sum[l-1];
            out.println(val/10);
        }
        out.flush();
    }

    public static void shuffle(long[] arr) {
        int n = arr.length;
        Random rand = new Random();
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            long temp = arr[i];
            int randomPos = i + rand.nextInt(n - i);
            arr[i] = arr[randomPos];
            arr[randomPos] = temp;
        }
    }

    public static long nCr(long[] fact, long[] inv, int n, int r, long mod) {
        if (n < r)
            return 0;
        return ((fact[n] * inv[n - r]) % mod * inv[r]) % mod;
    }

    private static void factorials(long[] fact, long[] inv, long mod, int n) {
        fact[0] = 1;
        inv[0] = 1;
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
            fact[i] = (fact[i - 1] * i) % mod;
            inv[i] = power(fact[i], mod - 2, mod);
        }
    }

    private static long power(long a, long n, long p) {
        long result = 1;
        while (n > 0) {
            if (n % 2 == 0) {
                a = (a * a) % p;
                n /= 2;
            } else {
                result = (result * a) % p;
                n--;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    private static long power(long a, long n) {
        long result = 1;
        while (n > 0) {
            if (n % 2 == 0) {
                a = (a * a);
                n /= 2;
            } else {
                result = (result * a);
                n--;
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

    private static long query(long[] tree, int in, int start, int end, int l, int r) {
        if (start >= l && r >= end) return tree[in];
        if (end < l || start > r) return 0;
        int mid = (start + end) / 2;
        long x = query(tree, 2 * in, start, mid, l, r);
        long y = query(tree, 2 * in + 1, mid + 1, end, l, r);
        return x + y;
    }

    private static void update(int[] arr, long[] tree, int in, int start, int end, int idx, int val) {
        if (start == end) {
            tree[in] = val;
            arr[idx] = val;
            return;
        }
        int mid = (start + end) / 2;
        if (idx > mid) update(arr, tree, 2 * in + 1, mid + 1, end, idx, val);
        else update(arr, tree, 2 * in, start, mid, idx, val);
        tree[in] = tree[2 * in] + tree[2 * in + 1];
    }

    private static void build(int[] arr, long[] tree, int in, int start, int end) {
        if (start == end) {
            tree[in] = arr[start];
            return;
        }
        int mid = (start + end) / 2;
        build(arr, tree, 2 * in, start, mid);
        build(arr, tree, 2 * in + 1, mid + 1, end);
        tree[in] = (tree[2 * in + 1] + tree[2 * in]);
    }

    static class Reader {
        private InputStream mIs;
        private byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
        private int curChar, numChars;

        public Reader() {
            this(System.in);
        }

        public Reader(InputStream is) {
            mIs = is;
        }

        public int read() {
            if (numChars == -1) throw new InputMismatchException();
            if (curChar >= numChars) {
                curChar = 0;
                try {
                    numChars = mIs.read(buf);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
                }
                if (numChars <= 0) return -1;
            }
            return buf[curChar++];
        }

        public String nextLine() {
            int c = read();
            while (isSpaceChar(c)) c = read();
            StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
            do {
                res.appendCodePoint(c);
                c = read();
            } while (!isEndOfLine(c));
            return res.toString();
        }

        public String s() {
            int c = read();
            while (isSpaceChar(c)) c = read();
            StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
            do {
                res.appendCodePoint(c);
                c = read();
            } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
            return res.toString();
        }

        public long l() {
            int c = read();
            while (isSpaceChar(c)) c = read();
            int sgn = 1;
            if (c == '-') {
                sgn = -1;
                c = read();
            }
            long res = 0;
            do {
                if (c < '0' || c > '9') throw new InputMismatchException();
                res *= 10;
                res += c - '0';
                c = read();
            } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
            return res * sgn;
        }

        public int i() {
            int c = read();
            while (isSpaceChar(c)) c = read();
            int sgn = 1;
            if (c == '-') {
                sgn = -1;
                c = read();
            }
            int res = 0;
            do {
                if (c < '0' || c > '9') throw new InputMismatchException();
                res *= 10;
                res += c - '0';
                c = read();
            } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
            return res * sgn;
        }

        public double d() throws IOException {
            return Double.parseDouble(s());
        }

        public boolean isSpaceChar(int c) {
            return c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == '\t' || c == -1;
        }

        public boolean isEndOfLine(int c) {
            return c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == -1;
        }

        public int[] arr(int n) {
            int[] ret = new int[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                ret[i] = i();
            }
            return ret;
        }

        public long[] arrLong(int n) {
            long[] ret = new long[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                ret[i] = l();
            }
            return ret;
        }
    }
//    static class pairLong implements Comparator<pairLong> {
//        long first, second;
//
//        pairLong() {
//        }
//
//        pairLong(long first, long second) {
//            this.first = first;
//            this.second = second;
//        }
//
//        @Override
//        public int compare(pairLong p1, pairLong p2) {
//            if (p1.first == p2.first) {
//                if(p1.second > p2.second) return 1;
//                else return -1;
//            }
//            if(p1.first > p2.first) return 1;
//            else return -1;
//        }
//    }
//    static class pair implements Comparator<pair> {
//        int first, second;
//
//        pair() {
//        }
//
//        pair(int first, int second) {
//            this.first = first;
//            this.second = second;
//        }
//
//        @Override
//        public int compare(pair p1, pair p2) {
//            if (p1.first == p2.first) return p1.second - p2.second;
//            return p1.first - p2.first;
//        }
//    }
}

