Polycarpus just has been out of luck lately! As soon as he found a job in the "Binary Cat" cafe, the club got burgled. All ice-cream was stolen.

On the burglary night Polycarpus kept a careful record of all club visitors. Each time a visitor entered the club, Polycarpus put down character "+" in his notes. Similarly, each time a visitor left the club, Polycarpus put character "-" in his notes. We know that all cases of going in and out happened consecutively, that is, no two events happened at the same time. Polycarpus doesn't remember whether there was somebody in the club at the moment when his shift begun and at the moment when it ended.

Right now the police wonders what minimum number of distinct people Polycarpus could have seen. Assume that he sees anybody coming in or out of the club. Each person could have come in or out an arbitrary number of times.

Input

The only line of the input contains a sequence of characters "+" and "-", the characters are written one after another without any separators. The characters are written in the order, in which the corresponding events occurred. The given sequence has length from 1 to 300 characters, inclusive.

Output

Print the sought minimum number of people

Examples

Input

+-+-+


Output

1


Input

---

Output

3


import java.io.*;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.text.DecimalFormat;
import java.util.*;

public class Newbie {

    static InputReader sc = new InputReader(System.in);
    static PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(System.out);

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        solver s = new solver();
        long t = 1;
        while (t > 0) {
            s.solve();
            t--;
        }
        out.close();
    }

   /* static class descend implements Comparator<pair1> {
        public int compare(pair1 o1, pair1 o2) {
            if (o1.pop != o2.pop)
                return (int) (o1.pop - o2.pop);
            else
                return o1.in - o2.in;
        }
    }*/

    static class InputReader {
        public BufferedReader br;
        public StringTokenizer token;

        public InputReader(InputStream stream) {
            br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(stream), 32768);
            token = null;
        }

        public String sn() {
            while (token == null || !token.hasMoreTokens()) {
                try {
                    token = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
                }
            }
            return token.nextToken();
        }

        public int ni() {
            return Integer.parseInt(sn());
        }

        public String snl() throws IOException {
            return br.readLine();
        }

        public long nlo() {
            return Long.parseLong(sn());
        }

        public double nd() {
            return Double.parseDouble(sn());
        }

        public int[] na(int n) {
            int a[] = new int[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
                a[i] = sc.ni();
            return a;
        }

        public long[] nal(int n) {
            long a[] = new long[n];
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
                a[i] = sc.nlo();
            return a;
        }
    }

    static class card {
        long a;
        int cnt;
        int i;

        public card(long a, int cnt, int i) {
            this.a = a;
            this.cnt = cnt;
            this.i = i;
        }
    }

    static class ascend implements Comparator<pair> {
        public int compare(pair o1, pair o2) {
            if (o1.a != o2.a)
                return (int) (o1.a - o2.a);
            else
                return o1.b - o2.b;
        }
    }

    static class extra {

        static boolean v[] = new boolean[100001];
        static List<Integer> l = new ArrayList<>();
        static int t;

        static void shuffle(int a[]) {
            for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
                int t = (int) Math.random() * a.length;
                int x = a[t];
                a[t] = a[i];
                a[i] = x;
            }
        }

        static void shufflel(long a[]) {
            for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
                int t = (int) Math.random() * a.length;
                long x = a[t];
                a[t] = a[i];
                a[i] = x;
            }
        }

        static long gcd(long a, long b) {
            if (b == 0)
                return a;
            else
                return gcd(b, a % b);
        }

        static boolean valid(int i, int j, int r, int c, char ch[][]) {
            if (i >= 0 && i < r && j >= 0 && j < c && ch[i][j] != '*') {
                // System.out.println(i+" /// "+j);
                return true;
            } else {
                //  System.out.println(i+" //f "+j);
                return false;
            }
        }

        static void seive() {
            for (int i = 2; i < 100001; i++) {
                if (!v[i]) {
                    t++;
                    l.add(i);
                    for (int j = 2 * i; j < 100001; j += i)
                        v[j] = true;
                }
            }
        }

        static int binary(LinkedList<Integer> a, long val, int n) {
            int mid = 0, l = 0, r = n - 1, ans = 0;
            while (l <= r) {
                mid = (l + r) >> 1;
                if (a.get(mid) == val) {
                    r = mid - 1;
                    ans = mid;
                } else if (a.get(mid) > val)
                    r = mid - 1;
                else {
                    l = mid + 1;
                    ans = l;
                }
            }
            return (ans + 1);
        }

        static long fastexpo(long x, long y) {
            long res = 1;
            while (y > 0) {
                if ((y & 1) == 1) {
                    res *= x;
                }
                y = y >> 1;
                x = x * x;
            }
            return res;
        }

        static long lfastexpo(long x, long y, long p) {
            long res = 1;
            x = x % p;
            while (y > 0) {
                if ((y & 1) == 1) {
                    res = (res * x) % p;
                }
                y = y >> 1;
                x = (x * x) % p;
            }
            return res;
        }

       /* void dijsktra(int s, List<pair> l[], int n) {
            PriorityQueue<pair> pq = new PriorityQueue<>(new ascend());
            int dist[] = new int[100005];
            boolean v[] = new boolean[100005];
            for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
                dist[i] = 1000000000;
            dist[s] = 0;
            for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
                if (i == s)
                    pq.add(new pair(s, 0));
                else
                    pq.add(new pair(i, 1000000000));
            }
            while (!pq.isEmpty()) {
                pair node = pq.remove();
                v[node.a] = true;
                for (int i = 0; i < l[node.a].size(); i++) {
                    int v1 = l[node.a].get(i).a;
                    int w = l[node.a].get(i).b;
                    if (v[v1])
                        continue;
                    if ((dist[node.a] + w) < dist[v1]) {
                        dist[v1] = dist[node.a] + w;
                        pq.add(new pair(v1, dist[v1]));
                    }
                }
            }
        }*/
    }

    static class pair {
        long a;
        int b;

        public pair(long a, int i) {
            this.a = a;
            this.b = i;
        }
    }

    static class pair1 {
        pair p;
        int in;

        public pair1(pair a, int n) {
            this.p = a;
            this.in = n;
        }
    }


    static int inf = 5000013;

    static class solver {
        DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("0.000000");
        extra e = new extra();
        int mod = 1000000007;

        void solve() {
            char c[] = sc.sn().toCharArray();
            int l = c.length;
            int g = 0, a = 0;
            int ans = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < l; i++) {
                if (c[i] == '+') {
                    if (g > 0)
                        g--;
                    else
                        ans++;
                    a++;
                } else {
                    if (a > 0)
                        a--;
                    else
                        ans++;
                    g++;
                }
            }
            out.println(ans);
        }
    }
}


