Bob Bubblestrong just got a new job as security guard. Bob is now responsible for safety of a collection of warehouses, each containing the most valuable Bubble Cup assets - the high-quality bubbles. His task is to detect thieves inside the warehouses and call the police.

Looking from the sky, each warehouse has a shape of a convex polygon. Walls of no two warehouses intersect, and of course, none of the warehouses is built inside of another warehouse.

Little did the Bubble Cup bosses know how lazy Bob is and that he enjoys watching soap operas (he heard they are full of bubbles) from the coziness of his office. Instead of going from one warehouse to another to check if warehouses are secured, the plan Bob has is to monitor all the warehouses from the comfort of his office using the special X-ray goggles. The goggles have an infinite range, so a thief in any of the warehouses could easily be spotted.

However, the goggles promptly broke and the X-rays are now strong only enough to let Bob see through a single wall. Now, Bob would really appreciate if you could help him find out what is the total area inside of the warehouses monitored by the broken goggles, so that he could know how much area of the warehouses he needs to monitor in person.

Input

The first line contains one integer N (1 ≤ N ≤ 10^4) – the number of warehouses.

The next N lines describe the warehouses.

The first number of the line is integer c_i (3 ≤ c_i ≤ 10^4) – the number corners in the i^{th} warehouse, followed by c_i pairs of integers. The j^{th} pair is (x_j, y_j) – the coordinates of the j^{th} corner (|x_j|, |y_j| ≤ 3 * 10^4). The corners are listed in the clockwise order. The total number of corners in all the warehouses is at most 5 * 10^4.

Bob's office is positioned at the point with coordinates (0, 0). The office is not contained within any of the warehouses.

Output

Print a single line containing a single decimal number accurate to at least four decimal places – the total area of the warehouses Bob can monitor using the broken X-ray goggles.

Example

Input


5
4 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1
4 4 3 6 2 6 0 4 0
6 -5 3 -4 4 -3 4 -2 3 -3 2 -4 2
3 0 -1 1 -3 -1 -3
4 1 -4 1 -6 -1 -6 -1 -4


Output


13.333333333333

Note

<image>

Areas monitored by the X-ray goggles are colored green and areas not monitored by the goggles are colored red.

The warehouses ABCD, IJK and LMNOPQ are completely monitored using the googles.

The warehouse EFGH is partially monitored using the goggles: part EFW is not monitored because to monitor each point inside it, the X-rays must go through two walls of warehouse ABCD.

The warehouse RUTS is not monitored from the Bob's office, because there are two walls of the warehouse IJK between Bob's office and each point in RUTS.

The total area monitored by the goggles is P = P_{ABCD} + P_{FGHW} + P_{IJK} + P_{LMNOPQ} = 4 + 3.333333333333 + 2 + 4 = 13.333333333333.
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import java.util.TreeSet;
/*
5
4 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 1
4 4 3 6 2 6 0 4 0
6 -5 3 -4 4 -3 4 -2 3 -3 2 -4 2
3 0 -1 1 -3 -1 -3
4 1 -4 1 -6 -1 -6 -1 -4
 */


public class Geom2 {
	static int N, totalSz;
	static Poly ar[];
	static TreeSet<Seg> segs;
	static Vec radialPnts[];
	static final boolean debug = false;
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		FS in = new FS();
		N = in.nextInt();
		ar = new Poly[N];
		totalSz = 0;
		for(int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
			int sz = in.nextInt();
			totalSz += sz;
			Vec vs[] = new Vec[sz];
			for(int j = 0; j < sz; j++) {
				vs[sz-j-1] = new Vec(in.nextInt(), in.nextInt(), sz-j-1, i);
			}
			ar[i] = new Poly(vs);
		}
		radialPnts = new Vec[totalSz];
		int idd = 0;
		for(Poly p : ar)
			for(Vec v : p.vs)
				radialPnts[idd++] = v;
		Arrays.sort(radialPnts);
		init();
		System.out.println(sweep());
	}
	
	static void init() {
		segs = new TreeSet<Seg>();
		for(int id = 0; id < totalSz; id++) {
			boolean start = true;
			ArrayList<Vec> list = new ArrayList<Vec>();
			while(id < totalSz && (start || radialPnts[id].isSame(radialPnts[id-1]))) {
				start = false;
				list.add(radialPnts[id]);
				id++;
			}
			//Remove lines
			for(Vec v : list) {
				if(v.cross(v.prev) < 0) segs.remove(new Seg(v.prev, v));
				if(v.cross(v.next) < 0) segs.remove(new Seg(v.next, v));
			}
			for(Vec v : list) {
				if(v.cross(v.prev) > 0) segs.add(new Seg(v, v.prev));
				if(v.cross(v.next) > 0) segs.add(new Seg(v, v.next));
			}
			//Add lines
			if(debug){
				System.out.println("PROCESS");
				for(Seg s : segs) System.out.println("  "+s);
				System.out.println();
			}
			if(id == totalSz) break;
			id--;
		}
	}
	static double sweep() {
		double res = 0;
		for(int id = 0; id < totalSz; id++) {
			boolean start = true;
			ArrayList<Vec> list = new ArrayList<Vec>();
			while(id < totalSz && (start || radialPnts[id].isSame(radialPnts[id-1]))) {
				start = false;
				list.add(radialPnts[id]);
				id++;
			}
			//Remove lines
			for(Vec v : list) {
				if(v.cross(v.prev) < 0) segs.remove(new Seg(v.prev, v));
				if(v.cross(v.next) < 0) segs.remove(new Seg(v.next, v));
			}
			for(Vec v : list) {
				if(v.cross(v.prev) > 0) segs.add(new Seg(v, v.prev));
				if(v.cross(v.next) > 0) segs.add(new Seg(v, v.next));
			}
			if(debug) {
				System.out.println("PROCESS");
				for(Seg s : segs) {
					System.out.println("  "+s);
					for(Seg ss : segs) {
						System.out.println("     -> "+ss+"   comp="+s.compareTo(ss)+" "+ss.compareTo(s));
					}
				}

				System.out.println();
			}
			
			if(segs.size() > 1) {
				Seg l1 = new Seg(new Vec(0,0), list.get(0));
				Seg l2 = new Seg(new Vec(0,0), radialPnts[id%totalSz]);
				Seg first = segs.first();
				Seg second = segs.higher(first);
				res += second.area(l1,l2);
				res -= first.area(l1,l2);
			}
			
			if(id == totalSz) break;
			id--;
		}
		
		return res;
	}
	

	static class Vec implements Comparable<Vec> {
		long x,y,id,pId;
		Vec prev,next;
		public Vec(long xx, long yy) {x=xx;y=yy;}
		public Vec(long xx, long yy, int ii, int pii) {
			x=xx;
			y=yy;
			id=ii;
			pId = pii;
		}
		public boolean inFrontOf(Seg o) {
			if(o.a.cross(this) >= 0 && this.cross(o.b) >= 0) {
				return o.dir.cross(this.sub(o.a)) > 0;
			}
			return false;
		}
		public boolean behind(Seg o) {
			if(o.a.cross(this) >= 0 && this.cross(o.b) >= 0) {
				return o.dir.cross(this.sub(o.a)) < 0;
			}
			return false;
		}
		public long cross(Vec o) { return x*o.y - y*o.x; }
		public Vec add(Vec o) { return new Vec(x+o.x, y+o.y); }
		public VecD add(VecD o) { return new VecD(x+o.x, y+o.y); }
		public Vec sub(Vec o) { return new Vec(x-o.x, y-o.y); }
		public long mag(Vec o) { return x*o.x + y*o.y; }
		public VecD scale(double d) { return new VecD(x*d,y*d);}
		public boolean isSame(Vec o) { return Vec.compare(this, o) == 0;}
		
		public static int compare(Vec a, Vec b) {
			int res = 0;
			if(a.x < 0) res += a.y >= 0 ? 1 : 2;
			else if(a.y < 0) res += 3;
			if(b.x < 0) res -= b.y >= 0 ? 1 : 2;
			else if(b.y < 0) res -= 3;
			if(res == 0) {
				long cross = a.cross(b);
				if(cross == 0) return 0;
				if(cross > 0) return -1;
				else return 1;
			}
			return res;
		}
		
		@Override
		public int compareTo(Vec o) {
			return Vec.compare(this, o);
		}
		@Override
		public String toString() {
			return "("+x+","+y+")";
		}
	}
	
	static class VecD{
		double x,y;
		public VecD(double xx, double yy) {x=xx;y=yy;}
		public double cross(VecD o) { return x*o.y - y*o.x;}
		@Override
		public String toString() {
			return "("+x+","+y+")";
		}
	}
	
	static class Seg implements Comparable<Seg>{
		Vec a,b,dir;
		public Seg(Vec aa, Vec bb) {
			a=aa;
			b=bb;
			dir = b.sub(a);
		}
		public boolean inFrontOf(Seg o) {
			if(a.inFrontOf(o)) return true;
			if(b.inFrontOf(o)) return true;
			return false;
		}
		public boolean behind(Seg o) {
			if(a.behind(o)) return true;
			if(b.behind(o)) return true;
			return false;
		}
		public VecD lineIntersect(Seg o) {
			long det = o.dir.x*dir.y-dir.x*o.dir.y;
			if(det == 0) return null;
			double dist = (o.dir.x * (o.a.y-a.y)-
					o.dir.y*(o.a.x-a.x))/(double)det;
			return a.add(dir.scale(dist));
		}
		public double area(Seg l1, Seg l2) {
			VecD v1 = this.lineIntersect(l1);
			VecD v2 = this.lineIntersect(l2);
			if(debug) System.out.println("Area: "+this+"  l1="+l1+"  l2="+l2+"   v1="+v1+" v2="+v2+"  res="+0.5*v1.cross(v2));
			return 0.5 * v1.cross(v2);
		}
		@Override
		public int compareTo(Seg o) {
			//Return which is first
			if(this.inFrontOf(o) || o.behind(this)) return -1;
			if(this.behind(o) || o.inFrontOf(this)) return 1;
			return 0;
		}
		@Override
		public String toString() {
			return "["+a+" -> "+b+"]";
		}
	}
	static class Poly {
		int id,sz;
		Vec vs[];
		public Poly(Vec vss[]) {
			vs = vss;
			sz = vs.length;
			for(int i = 0; i < sz; i++) {
				Vec prev = vs[(i-1+sz)%sz];
				Vec next = vs[(i+1)%sz];
				vs[i].prev = prev;
				vs[i].next = next;
			}
			if(debug) {
				for(int i = 0; i < sz; i++) {
					if(vs[i].cross(vs[i].next) == 0) continue;
					for(int j = 0; j < sz; j++) {
						if(vs[j].cross(vs[j].next) == 0) continue;
						Seg s1 = vs[i].cross(vs[i].next) > 0 ? new Seg(vs[i], vs[i].next) : new Seg(vs[i].next, vs[i]);
						Seg s2 = vs[j].cross(vs[j].next) > 0 ? new Seg(vs[j], vs[j].next) : new Seg(vs[j].next, vs[j]);
						System.out.println("S1: "+s1+"  S2: "+s2+"  comp:"+s1.compareTo(s2)+"  "+s2.compareTo(s1));
						
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}


	static class FS{
		BufferedReader br;
		StringTokenizer st;
		public FS() { br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));}
		String next() {
			while(st == null || !st.hasMoreElements()) {
				try { st = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());}
				catch(Exception e) { throw null;}
			}
			return st.nextToken();
		}
		int nextInt() { return Integer.parseInt(next());}
	}
}