Vasily the Programmer loves romance, so this year he decided to illuminate his room with candles.

Vasily has a candles.When Vasily lights up a new candle, it first burns for an hour and then it goes out. Vasily is smart, so he can make b went out candles into a new candle. As a result, this new candle can be used like any other new candle.

Now Vasily wonders: for how many hours can his candles light up the room if he acts optimally well? Help him find this number.

Input

The single line contains two integers, a and b (1 ≤ a ≤ 1000; 2 ≤ b ≤ 1000).

Output

Print a single integer — the number of hours Vasily can light up the room for.

Examples

Input

4 2


Output

7


Input

6 3


Output

8

Note

Consider the first sample. For the first four hours Vasily lights up new candles, then he uses four burned out candles to make two new ones and lights them up. When these candles go out (stop burning), Vasily can make another candle. Overall, Vasily can light up the room for 7 hours.
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.math.*;
import java.lang.*;
 
import static java.lang.Math.*;

public class Main implements Runnable {
    static class InputReader {
        private InputStream stream;
        private byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
        private int curChar;
        private int numChars;
        private SpaceCharFilter filter;
        private BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));

        public InputReader(InputStream stream) {
            this.stream = stream;
        }
        
        public int read() {
            if (numChars==-1) 
                throw new InputMismatchException();
            
            if (curChar >= numChars) {
                curChar = 0;
                try {
                    numChars = stream.read(buf);
                }
                catch (IOException e) {
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
                }
                
                if(numChars <= 0)               
                    return -1;
            }
            return buf[curChar++];
        }
     
        public String nextLine() {
            String str = "";
            try {
                str = br.readLine();
            }
            catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return str;
        }
        public int nextInt() {
            int c = read();
            
            while(isSpaceChar(c)) 
                c = read();
            
            int sgn = 1;
            
            if (c == '-') {
                sgn = -1;
                c = read();
            }
            
            int res = 0;
            do {
                if(c<'0'||c>'9') 
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
                res *= 10;
                res += c - '0';
                c = read();
            }
            while (!isSpaceChar(c)); 
            
            return res * sgn;
        }
        
        public long nextLong() {
            int c = read();
            while (isSpaceChar(c))
                c = read();
            int sgn = 1;
            if (c == '-') {
                sgn = -1;
                c = read();
            }
            long res = 0;
            
            do {
                if (c < '0' || c > '9')
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
                res *= 10;
                res += c - '0';
                c = read();
            }
            while (!isSpaceChar(c));
                return res * sgn;
        }
        
        public double nextDouble() {
            int c = read();
            while (isSpaceChar(c))
                c = read();
            int sgn = 1;
            if (c == '-') {
                sgn = -1;
                c = read();
            }
            double res = 0;
            while (!isSpaceChar(c) && c != '.') {
                if (c == 'e' || c == 'E')
                    return res * Math.pow(10, nextInt());
                if (c < '0' || c > '9')
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
                res *= 10;
                res += c - '0';
                c = read();
            }
            if (c == '.') {
                c = read();
                double m = 1;
                while (!isSpaceChar(c)) {
                    if (c == 'e' || c == 'E')
                        return res * Math.pow(10, nextInt());
                    if (c < '0' || c > '9')
                        throw new InputMismatchException();
                    m /= 10;
                    res += (c - '0') * m;
                    c = read();
                }
            }
            return res * sgn;
        }
        
        public String readString() {
            int c = read();
            while (isSpaceChar(c))
                c = read();
            StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
            do {
                res.appendCodePoint(c);
                c = read();
            } 
            while (!isSpaceChar(c));
            
            return res.toString();
        }
     
        public boolean isSpaceChar(int c) {
            if (filter != null)
                return filter.isSpaceChar(c);
            return c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == '\t' || c == -1;
        }
     
        public String next() {
            return readString();
        }
        
        public interface SpaceCharFilter {
            public boolean isSpaceChar(int ch);
        }
    }
    public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {
        new Thread(null, new Main(),"Main",1<<26).start();
    }
    
    static void merge(int arr[], int l, int m, int r) { 
        int n1 = m - l + 1; 
        int n2 = r - m; 
        int L[] = new int [n1]; 
        int R[] = new int [n2]; 
        for (int i=0; i<n1; ++i) 
            L[i] = arr[l + i]; 
        for (int j=0; j<n2; ++j) 
            R[j] = arr[m + 1+ j]; 
        int i = 0, j = 0; 
        int k = l; 
        while (i < n1 && j < n2){ 
            if (L[i] <= R[j]){ 
                arr[k] = L[i]; 
                i++; 
            } 
            else{ 
                arr[k] = R[j]; 
                j++; 
            } 
            k++; 
        } 
        while (i < n1){ 
            arr[k] = L[i]; 
            i++; 
            k++; 
        } 
        while (j < n2) 
        { 
            arr[k] = R[j]; 
            j++; 
            k++; 
        } 
    } 
    static void sort(int arr[], int l, int r) { 
        if (l < r) 
        { 
            int m = (l+r)/2; 
            sort(arr, l, m); 
            sort(arr , m+1, r); 
            merge(arr, l, m, r); 
        } 
    } 
    
    static void mergel(long arr[], int l, int m, int r) { 
        int n1 = m - l + 1; 
        int n2 = r - m; 
        long L[] = new long [n1]; 
        long R[] = new long [n2]; 
        for (int i=0; i<n1; ++i) 
            L[i] = arr[l + i]; 
        for (int j=0; j<n2; ++j) 
            R[j] = arr[m + 1+ j]; 
        int i = 0, j = 0; 
        int k = l; 
        while (i < n1 && j < n2){ 
            if (L[i] <= R[j]){ 
                arr[k] = L[i]; 
                i++; 
            } 
            else{ 
                arr[k] = R[j]; 
                j++; 
            } 
            k++; 
        } 
        while (i < n1){ 
            arr[k] = L[i]; 
            i++; 
            k++; 
        } 
        while (j < n2) 
        { 
            arr[k] = R[j]; 
            j++; 
            k++; 
        } 
    } 
    static void sortl(long arr[], int l, int r) { 
        if (l < r) 
        { 
            int m = (l+r)/2; 
            sortl(arr, l, m); 
            sortl(arr , m+1, r); 
            mergel(arr, l, m, r); 
        } 
    }

    
    public void run() {
        InputReader in = new InputReader(System.in);
        PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(System.out);
        
        int a=in.nextInt(),b=in.nextInt();
        int time=0,burntout=0;
        for(;a>0;){
            time+=a;
            burntout+=a;
            a=burntout/b;
            burntout-=a*b;
        }
        out.println(time);
        out.close();
    }
}