Ari the monster always wakes up very early with the first ray of the sun and the first thing she does is feeding her squirrel.

Ari draws a regular convex polygon on the floor and numbers it's vertices 1, 2, ..., n in clockwise order. Then starting from the vertex 1 she draws a ray in the direction of each other vertex. The ray stops when it reaches a vertex or intersects with another ray drawn before. Ari repeats this process for vertex 2, 3, ..., n (in this particular order). And then she puts a walnut in each region inside the polygon.

<image>

Ada the squirrel wants to collect all the walnuts, but she is not allowed to step on the lines drawn by Ari. That means Ada have to perform a small jump if she wants to go from one region to another. Ada can jump from one region P to another region Q if and only if P and Q share a side or a corner.

Assuming that Ada starts from outside of the picture, what is the minimum number of jumps she has to perform in order to collect all the walnuts?

Input

The first and only line of the input contains a single integer n (3 ≤ n ≤ 54321) - the number of vertices of the regular polygon drawn by Ari.

Output

Print the minimum number of jumps Ada should make to collect all the walnuts. Note, that she doesn't need to leave the polygon after.

Examples

Input

5


Output

9


Input

3


Output

1

Note

One of the possible solutions for the first sample is shown on the picture above.


import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.text.*;
import java.math.*;
import java.util.regex.*;
import java.lang.*;

public class P592B {
    //static long mod=1000000007;
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{            
         InputReader in = new InputReader(System.in);
        
        PrintWriter pw=new PrintWriter(System.out);             
        //int t=in.readInt();
        //  while(t-->0)
            //{
            //int n=in.readInt();
        //long n=in.readLong();
        /*int a[]=new int[n];
        for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
        {
            a[i]=in.readInt();
        }*/
        //String a=in.readString();
           //pw.println(" ");           
        
        //}
        long t=in.readLong();
    long ans=(t-2)*(t-2);
         pw.println(ans);
         
        pw.close();
    }
    
    static BigInteger ways(int N,  int K) {
        BigInteger ret = BigInteger.ONE;
        for(int i=N;i>=N-K+1;i--)
        {
             ret = ret.multiply(BigInteger.valueOf(i));
            
        }
        for (int j = 1; j<=K; j++) {
            ret = ret.divide(BigInteger.valueOf(j));
        }
       
            ret=ret.mod(BigInteger.valueOf(1000000007));
        
        return ret;
    }
    public static long  InverseEuler(long n, long MOD)
    {
        return pow(n,MOD-2,MOD);
    }
     
    public static long  ways(int n, int r, long MOD)
    {
      //  vector<long long> f(n + 1,1);
        long f[]=new long[n+1];
        Arrays.fill(f,1);
        for (int i=2; i<=n;i++)
            f[i]= (f[i-1]*i) % MOD;
        return (f[n]*((InverseEuler(f[r], MOD) * InverseEuler(f[n-r], MOD)) % MOD)) % MOD;
    }
    public static int prime(int n)
    {
        int f=1;
        if(n==1)
            return 0;
        for(int i=2;i<=(Math.sqrt(n));)
        {
            if(n%i==0)
            {
                f=0;
                break;
            }
            if(i==2)
                i++;
            else
                i+=2;
        }
        if(f==1)
            return 1;
        else 
            return 0;
    }
    
public static long gcd(long x,long y)
{
    if(x%y==0)
        return y;
    else return gcd(y,x%y);
}
    public static BigInteger fact(int n)
    {
        BigInteger f=BigInteger.ONE;
        for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
        {
            f=f.multiply(BigInteger.valueOf(i));
        }
        //f=f.mod(BigInteger.valueOf(m));
        return f;
    }
public static int gcd(int x,int y)
{
    if(x%y==0)
        return y;
    else return gcd(y,x%y);
}
public static int max(int a,int b)
{
    if(a>b)
        return a;
    else
        return b;
}
public static int min(int a,int b)
{
    if(a>b)
        return b;
    else 
        return a;
}
public static long max(long a,long b)
{
    if(a>b)
        return a;
    else
        return b;
}
public static long min(long a,long b)
{
    if(a>b)
        return b;
    else 
        return a;
}
public static long pow(long n,long p,long m)
{
     long  result = 1;
      if(p==0)
        return 1;
    if (p==1)
        return n;
    while(p!=0)
    {
        if(p%2==1)
            result *= n;
        if(result>m)
        result%=m;
        p >>=1;
        n*=n;
        if(n>m)
        n%=m;
    }
    return result;
}
static long ncr(long n,long k)
{
    long w=1;
    for(long i=n,j=1;i>=n-k+1;i--,j++)
    {
        w=w*i;
        w=w/j;
        w%=1000000007;
        
    }
    return w;
}
static class Pair implements Comparable<Pair>
{
    int a,b;
    Pair (int a,int b)
    {
        this.a=a;
        this.b=b;
    }

    public int compareTo(Pair o) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        if(this.a!=o.a)
        return Integer.compare(this.a,o.a);
        else
            return Integer.compare(this.b, o.b);
        //return 0;
    }
} 
    
    
    
    
   static  class InputReader
    {
        private InputStream stream;
        private byte[] buf = new byte[1024];
        private int curChar;
        private int numChars;
        private SpaceCharFilter filter;

        public InputReader(InputStream stream)
        {
            this.stream = stream;
        }

        public int read()
        {
            if (numChars == -1)
                throw new InputMismatchException();
            if (curChar >= numChars)
            {
                curChar = 0;
                try
                {
                    numChars = stream.read(buf);
                } catch (IOException e)
                {
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
                }
                if (numChars <= 0)
                    return -1;
            }
            return buf[curChar++];
        }

        public int readInt()
        {
            int c = read();
            while (isSpaceChar(c))
                c = read();
            int sgn = 1;
            if (c == '-')
            {
                sgn = -1;
                c = read();
            }
            int res = 0;
            do
            {
                if (c < '0' || c > '9')
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
                res *= 10;
                res += c - '0';
                c = read();
            } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
            return res * sgn;
        }

        public String readString()
        {
            int c = read();
            while (isSpaceChar(c))
                c = read();
            StringBuilder res = new StringBuilder();
            do
            {
                res.appendCodePoint(c);
                c = read();
            } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
            return res.toString();
        }
        public double readDouble() {
            int c = read();
            while (isSpaceChar(c))
                c = read();
            int sgn = 1;
            if (c == '-') {
                sgn = -1;
                c = read();
            }
            double res = 0;
            while (!isSpaceChar(c) && c != '.') {
                if (c == 'e' || c == 'E')
                    return res * Math.pow(10, readInt());
                if (c < '0' || c > '9')
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
                res *= 10;
                res += c - '0';
                c = read();
            }
            if (c == '.') {
                c = read();
                double m = 1;
                while (!isSpaceChar(c)) {
                    if (c == 'e' || c == 'E')
                        return res * Math.pow(10, readInt());
                    if (c < '0' || c > '9')
                        throw new InputMismatchException();
                    m /= 10;
                    res += (c - '0') * m;
                    c = read();
                }
            }
            return res * sgn;
        }
        public long readLong() {
            int c = read();
            while (isSpaceChar(c))
                c = read();
            int sgn = 1;
            if (c == '-') {
                sgn = -1;
                c = read();
            }
            long res = 0;
            do {
                if (c < '0' || c > '9')
                    throw new InputMismatchException();
                res *= 10;
                res += c - '0';
                c = read();
            } while (!isSpaceChar(c));
            return res * sgn;
        }
        public boolean isSpaceChar(int c)
        {
            if (filter != null)
                return filter.isSpaceChar(c);
            return c == ' ' || c == '\n' || c == '\r' || c == '\t' || c == -1;
        }

        public String next()
        {
            return readString();
        }

        public interface SpaceCharFilter
        {
            public boolean isSpaceChar(int ch);
        }
    }

     static class OutputWriter
    {
        private final PrintWriter writer;

        public OutputWriter(OutputStream outputStream)
        {
            writer = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream)));
        }

        public OutputWriter(Writer writer)
        {
            this.writer = new PrintWriter(writer);
        }

        public void print(Object... objects)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < objects.length; i++)
            {
                if (i != 0)
                    writer.print(' ');
                writer.print(objects[i]);
            }
        }

        public void printLine(Object... objects)
        {
            print(objects);
            writer.println();
        }

        public void close()
        {
            writer.close();
        }

        public void flush()
        {
            writer.flush();
        }

    }
    /* USAGE

    //initialize
        InputReader in      = new InputReader(System.in);
        OutputWriter out    =   new OutputWriter(System.out);

    //read int
    int i = in.readInt();
    //read string
    String s = in.readString();
    //read int array of size N
    int[] x = IOUtils.readIntArray(in,N);
    //printline
    out.printLine("X");


    //flush output
    out.flush();

    //remember to close the
    //outputstream, at the end
    out.close();

    */
  static   class IOUtils {

        public static int[] readIntArray(InputReader in, int size) {
            int[] array = new int[size];
            for (int i = 0; i < size; i++)
                array[i] = in.readInt();
            return array;
    }
    }
//BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
    //StringBuilder sb=new StringBuilder("");
     //InputReader in = new InputReader(System.in);
  // OutputWriter out = new OutputWriter(System.out);
    //PrintWriter pw=new PrintWriter(System.out);
    //String line=br.readLine().trim();
            
    //int t=Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
  //    while(t-->0)
    //{
    //int n=Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
    //long n=Long.parseLong(br.readLine());
    //String l[]=br.readLine().split(" ");
  //int m=Integer.parseInt(l[0]);
    //int k=Integer.parseInt(l[1]);
    //String l[]=br.readLine().split(" ");
    //l=br.readLine().split(" ");
    /*int a[]=new int[n];
    for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
    {
        a[i]=Integer.parseInt(l[i]);
    }*/
       //System.out.println(" ");           
    
    //}
}