Takahashi's house has only one socket.

Takahashi wants to extend it with some number of power strips, each with A sockets, into B or more empty sockets.

One power strip with A sockets can extend one empty socket into A empty sockets.

Find the minimum number of power strips required.

Constraints

* All values in input are integers.
* 2 \leq A \leq 20
* 1 \leq B \leq 20

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:


A B


Output

Print the minimum number of power strips required.

Examples

Input

4 10


Output

3


Input

8 9


Output

2


Input

8 8


Output

1
rr = raw_input
rri = lambda: int(raw_input())
rrm = lambda: map(int, raw_input().split())


def solve(A, B):
    o = 1
    ans = 0
    while o < B:
        o += A-1
        ans += 1
    return ans

print solve(*rrm())
