You are given an integer n and an integer k.

In one step you can do one of the following moves: 

  * decrease n by 1; 
  * divide n by k if n is divisible by k. 



For example, if n = 27 and k = 3 you can do the following steps: 27 → 26 → 25 → 24 → 8 → 7 → 6 → 2 → 1 → 0.

You are asked to calculate the minimum number of steps to reach 0 from n. 

Input

The first line contains one integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 100) — the number of queries.

The only line of each query contains two integers n and k (1 ≤ n ≤ 10^{18}, 2 ≤ k ≤ 10^{18}).

Output

For each query print the minimum number of steps to reach 0 from n in single line. 

Example

Input


2
59 3
1000000000000000000 10


Output


8
19

Note

Steps for the first test case are: 59 → 58 → 57 → 19 → 18 → 6 → 2 → 1 → 0.

In the second test case you have to divide n by k 18 times and then decrease n by 1.
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try (PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(System.out)) {
            Solution solution = new Solution();
            solution.in = new InputReader(getInput());
            solution.out = out;
            solution.solve();
        }
    }

    static InputStream getInput() {
        String inputFile = getInputFileName();
        if (inputFile == null) {
            return System.in;
        }
        try {
            return new FileInputStream(Main.class.getClassLoader().getResource(inputFile).getFile());
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    static String getInputFileName() {
        try {
            return System.getProperty("compet.input");
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            return null;
        }
    }
}

class Solution {
    InputReader in;
    PrintWriter out;

    void solveCase() {
        long n = in.nextLong();
        long k = in.nextLong();
        long ans = 0;
        while (true) {
            ans += n%k;
            n -= n%k;
            if (n > 0) {
                n /= k;
                ans++;
            } else {
                break;
            }
        }
        out.println(ans);
    }

    void solve() {
        int t = in.nextInt();
        for (int i = 0; i < t; i++) {
            solveCase();
        }
    }
}

class InputReader {
    BufferedReader reader;
    StringTokenizer tokenizer;

    InputReader(InputStream stream) {
        reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(stream), 32768);
        tokenizer = null;
    }

    String next() {
        while (tokenizer == null || !tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
            try {
                tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(reader.readLine());
            } catch (IOException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
        }
        return tokenizer.nextToken();
    }

    int nextInt() {
        return Integer.parseInt(next());
    }

    long nextLong() {
        return Long.parseLong(next());
    }
}
