You are given an integer n and an integer k.

In one step you can do one of the following moves: 

  * decrease n by 1; 
  * divide n by k if n is divisible by k. 



For example, if n = 27 and k = 3 you can do the following steps: 27 → 26 → 25 → 24 → 8 → 7 → 6 → 2 → 1 → 0.

You are asked to calculate the minimum number of steps to reach 0 from n. 

Input

The first line contains one integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 100) — the number of queries.

The only line of each query contains two integers n and k (1 ≤ n ≤ 10^{18}, 2 ≤ k ≤ 10^{18}).

Output

For each query print the minimum number of steps to reach 0 from n in single line. 

Example

Input


2
59 3
1000000000000000000 10


Output


8
19

Note

Steps for the first test case are: 59 → 58 → 57 → 19 → 18 → 6 → 2 → 1 → 0.

In the second test case you have to divide n by k 18 times and then decrease n by 1.
from sys import stdin,stdout
from collections import Counter
def ai(): return list(map(int, stdin.readline().split()))
def ei(): return map(int, stdin.readline().split())
def ip(): return  int(stdin.readline().strip())
def op(ans): return stdout.write(str(ans) + '\n')

import time
t = ip()
for i in range(t):
	# n,k = ei()
	# c = 0
	# while n > 0:
	# 	c += (n%k +1)
	# 	n//=k
	# 	print(n,c)
	# op(c-1)
	n,k = ei()
	c = 0
	while n != 0:
		if n%k == 0:
			n //= k
			c += 1
		else: 
			c += n%k +1
			n //= k
	op(c-1)