You are given an integer n and an integer k.

In one step you can do one of the following moves: 

  * decrease n by 1; 
  * divide n by k if n is divisible by k. 



For example, if n = 27 and k = 3 you can do the following steps: 27 → 26 → 25 → 24 → 8 → 7 → 6 → 2 → 1 → 0.

You are asked to calculate the minimum number of steps to reach 0 from n. 

Input

The first line contains one integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 100) — the number of queries.

The only line of each query contains two integers n and k (1 ≤ n ≤ 10^{18}, 2 ≤ k ≤ 10^{18}).

Output

For each query print the minimum number of steps to reach 0 from n in single line. 

Example

Input


2
59 3
1000000000000000000 10


Output


8
19

Note

Steps for the first test case are: 59 → 58 → 57 → 19 → 18 → 6 → 2 → 1 → 0.

In the second test case you have to divide n by k 18 times and then decrease n by 1.

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

public class A {
    static class InputReader {
        BufferedReader reader;
        StringTokenizer tokenizer;
        boolean isClosed;

        InputReader(InputStream stream) {
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(stream), 32768);
            tokenizer = null;
            isClosed = false;
        }

        String nextLine() {
            try {
                return reader.readLine();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                return "0";
            }
        }

        String next() {
            while (tokenizer == null || !tokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
                try {
                    tokenizer = new StringTokenizer(reader.readLine());
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    isClosed = true;
                    return "0";
                }
            }
            return tokenizer.nextToken();
        }


        int nextInt() {
            return Integer.parseInt(next());
        }

        long nextLong() {
            return Long.parseLong(next());
        }

        double nextDouble() {
            return Double.parseDouble(next());
        }

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        InputReader sc = new InputReader(System.in);
        int t = sc.nextInt();
        for (int i = 0; i < t; i++) {
            long n = sc.nextLong();
            long k = sc.nextLong();
            long ans = 0;
            while (n != 0) {
                long remainder = n % k;
                ans += remainder;
                if (n >= k)
                    ans++;
                n = n / k;
            }
            System.out.println(ans);
        }
    }
}
