You are given an integer n and an integer k.

In one step you can do one of the following moves: 

  * decrease n by 1; 
  * divide n by k if n is divisible by k. 



For example, if n = 27 and k = 3 you can do the following steps: 27 → 26 → 25 → 24 → 8 → 7 → 6 → 2 → 1 → 0.

You are asked to calculate the minimum number of steps to reach 0 from n. 

Input

The first line contains one integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 100) — the number of queries.

The only line of each query contains two integers n and k (1 ≤ n ≤ 10^{18}, 2 ≤ k ≤ 10^{18}).

Output

For each query print the minimum number of steps to reach 0 from n in single line. 

Example

Input


2
59 3
1000000000000000000 10


Output


8
19

Note

Steps for the first test case are: 59 → 58 → 57 → 19 → 18 → 6 → 2 → 1 → 0.

In the second test case you have to divide n by k 18 times and then decrease n by 1.
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.Writer;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;

/**
 * Built using CHelper plug-in
 * Actual solution is at the top
 *
 * @author complexgene
 */
public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        InputStream inputStream = System.in;
        OutputStream outputStream = System.out;
        Reader in = new Reader(inputStream);
        OutputWriter out = new OutputWriter(outputStream);
        AFromHeroToZero solver = new AFromHeroToZero();
        solver.solve(1, in, out);
        out.close();
    }

    static class AFromHeroToZero {
        public void solve(int testNumber, Reader in, OutputWriter out) {
            for (int i = 0, t = in.ni(); i < t; i++) {
                long n = in.nl(), k = in.nl();
                long steps = 0;
                while (n > 0) {
                    while (n > 0 && n % k == 0) {
                        steps++;
                        n /= k;
                    }
                    long rem = n % k;
                    steps += rem;
                    n -= rem;
                }
                out.printLine(steps);
            }
            out.flush();
        }

    }

    static class OutputWriter {
        private final PrintWriter writer;

        public OutputWriter() {
            writer = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(System.out)));
        }

        public OutputWriter(OutputStream outputStream) {
            writer = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream)));
        }

        public OutputWriter(Writer writer) {
            this.writer = new PrintWriter(writer);
        }

        public void print(Object... objects) {
            for (int i = 0; i < objects.length; i++) {
                if (i != 0) {
                    writer.print(' ');
                }
                writer.print(objects[i]);
            }
            writer.flush();
        }

        public void printLine(Object... object) {
            print(object);
            writer.println();
            writer.flush();
        }

        public void close() {
            writer.close();
        }

        public void flush() {
            writer.flush();
        }

    }

    static class Reader {
        final private int BUFFER_SIZE = 1 << 16;
        private DataInputStream din;
        private byte[] buffer;
        private int bufferPointer;
        private int bytesRead;

        public Reader() {
            this(System.in);
        }

        public Reader(InputStream in) {
            din = new DataInputStream(in);
            buffer = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
            bufferPointer = bytesRead = 0;
        }

        public Reader(String file_name) throws IOException {
            din = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(file_name));
            buffer = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
            bufferPointer = bytesRead = 0;
        }

        public int ni() {
            int ret = 0;
            byte c = read();
            while (c <= ' ') {
                c = read();
            }
            boolean neg = (c == '-');
            if (neg) {
                c = read();
            }
            do {
                ret = ret * 10 + c - '0';
            } while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9');

            if (neg) {
                return -ret;
            }
            return ret;
        }

        public long nl() {
            long ret = 0;
            byte c = read();
            while (c <= ' ') {
                c = read();
            }
            boolean neg = (c == '-');
            if (neg) {
                c = read();
            }
            do {
                ret = ret * 10 + c - '0';
            } while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9');
            if (neg) {
                return -ret;
            }
            return ret;
        }

        private void fillBuffer() {
            try {
                bytesRead = din.read(buffer, bufferPointer = 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
                if (bytesRead == -1) {
                    buffer[0] = -1;
                }
            } catch (IOException ioe) {
            }
        }

        private byte read() {
            if (bufferPointer == bytesRead) {
                fillBuffer();
            }
            return buffer[bufferPointer++];
        }

    }
}

