You are given an integer n and an integer k.

In one step you can do one of the following moves: 

  * decrease n by 1; 
  * divide n by k if n is divisible by k. 



For example, if n = 27 and k = 3 you can do the following steps: 27 → 26 → 25 → 24 → 8 → 7 → 6 → 2 → 1 → 0.

You are asked to calculate the minimum number of steps to reach 0 from n. 

Input

The first line contains one integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 100) — the number of queries.

The only line of each query contains two integers n and k (1 ≤ n ≤ 10^{18}, 2 ≤ k ≤ 10^{18}).

Output

For each query print the minimum number of steps to reach 0 from n in single line. 

Example

Input


2
59 3
1000000000000000000 10


Output


8
19

Note

Steps for the first test case are: 59 → 58 → 57 → 19 → 18 → 6 → 2 → 1 → 0.

In the second test case you have to divide n by k 18 times and then decrease n by 1.

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Date    : 2019-06-06 09:08:52
# @Author  : raj lath (oorja.halt@gmail.com)
# @Link    : link
# @Version : 1.0.0

import sys
sys.setrecursionlimit(10**5+1)

inf     =  int(10 ** 20)
max_val =  inf
min_val = -inf

RW  = lambda : sys.stdin.readline().strip()
RI  = lambda : int(RW())
RMI = lambda : [int(x) for x in sys.stdin.readline().strip().split()]
RWI = lambda : [x for x in sys.stdin.readline().strip().split()]


nb_test = RI()
for _ in range(nb_test):
    n, divs = RMI()
    ans = 0
    while n > 0:
        n, rest = divmod(n, divs)
        ans += (rest + (n > 0))
    print(ans)

