You are given an integer n and an integer k.

In one step you can do one of the following moves: 

  * decrease n by 1; 
  * divide n by k if n is divisible by k. 



For example, if n = 27 and k = 3 you can do the following steps: 27 → 26 → 25 → 24 → 8 → 7 → 6 → 2 → 1 → 0.

You are asked to calculate the minimum number of steps to reach 0 from n. 

Input

The first line contains one integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 100) — the number of queries.

The only line of each query contains two integers n and k (1 ≤ n ≤ 10^{18}, 2 ≤ k ≤ 10^{18}).

Output

For each query print the minimum number of steps to reach 0 from n in single line. 

Example

Input


2
59 3
1000000000000000000 10


Output


8
19

Note

Steps for the first test case are: 59 → 58 → 57 → 19 → 18 → 6 → 2 → 1 → 0.

In the second test case you have to divide n by k 18 times and then decrease n by 1.

import java.io.PrintWriter;

import java.util.*;
import java.util.Arrays ; 
 
import java.io.DataInputStream; 
import java.io.FileInputStream; 
import java.io.IOException; 


public class Test{
static class Reader 
    { 
        final private int BUFFER_SIZE = 1 << 16; 
        private DataInputStream din; 
        private byte[] buffer; 
        private int bufferPointer, bytesRead; 
  
        public Reader() 
        { 
            din = new DataInputStream(System.in); 
            buffer = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE]; 
            bufferPointer = bytesRead = 0; 
        } 
  
        public Reader(String file_name) throws IOException 
        { 
            din = new DataInputStream(new FileInputStream(file_name)); 
            buffer = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE]; 
            bufferPointer = bytesRead = 0; 
        } 
  
        public String readLine() throws IOException 
        { 
            byte[] buf = new byte[64]; // line length 
            int cnt = 0, c; 
            while ((c = read()) != -1) 
            { 
                if (c == '\n') 
                    break; 
                buf[cnt++] = (byte) c; 
            } 
            return new String(buf, 0, cnt); 
        } 
  
        public int nextInt() throws IOException 
        { 
            int ret = 0; 
            byte c = read(); 
            while (c <= ' ') 
                c = read(); 
            boolean neg = (c == '-'); 
            if (neg) 
                c = read(); 
            do
            { 
                ret = ret * 10 + c - '0'; 
            }  while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9'); 
  
            if (neg) 
                return -ret; 
            return ret; 
        } 
  
        public long nextLong() throws IOException 
        { 
            long ret = 0; 
            byte c = read(); 
            while (c <= ' ') 
                c = read(); 
            boolean neg = (c == '-'); 
            if (neg) 
                c = read(); 
            do { 
                ret = ret * 10 + c - '0'; 
            } 
            while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9'); 
            if (neg) 
                return -ret; 
            return ret; 
        } 
  
        public double nextDouble() throws IOException 
        { 
            double ret = 0, div = 1; 
            byte c = read(); 
            while (c <= ' ') 
                c = read(); 
            boolean neg = (c == '-'); 
            if (neg) 
                c = read(); 
  
            do { 
                ret = ret * 10 + c - '0'; 
            } 
            while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9'); 
  
            if (c == '.') 
            { 
                while ((c = read()) >= '0' && c <= '9') 
                { 
                    ret += (c - '0') / (div *= 10); 
                } 
            } 
  
            if (neg) 
                return -ret; 
            return ret; 
        } 
  
        private void fillBuffer() throws IOException 
        { 
            bytesRead = din.read(buffer, bufferPointer = 0, BUFFER_SIZE); 
            if (bytesRead == -1) 
                buffer[0] = -1; 
        } 
  
        private byte read() throws IOException 
        { 
            if (bufferPointer == bytesRead) 
                fillBuffer(); 
            return buffer[bufferPointer++]; 
        } 
  
        public void close() throws IOException 
        { 
            if (din == null) 
                return; 
            din.close(); 
        } 
    } 
   
    static int pos = 0 ; 
    static int  arr[] ; 
  static LinkedList l1 = new  LinkedList() ; 
static void find(int p ,char[]x,int put[],String s){
    int c= 0 ; 
    for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
        if(x[p]==s.charAt(i)){
        c++ ; }
    }
    put[p] = c ;  
}
static int mode(int m ,int[]x ){
    int temp = 0 ; 
    for (int i = x.length-1; i >=0; i--) {
        if(x[i]<=m){
            temp= x[i] ; 
           /// break ; 
             return m-temp ; 
             
        }
    }
     return m-temp ; 
}
static int mode2(int m ,int[]x ){
    int temp = 0 ; 
    
    for (int i = x.length-1; i >=0; i--) {
        if(x[i]<=m){
            temp= x[i] ; 
           /// break ; 
             return x[i] ; 
             
        }
    }
     return 0 ; 
}
static int find(int x[],int temp){
    int j = 0 ; 
    for (int i = x.length-1; i >=0; i--) {
        if(x[i]==temp) return j+1 ; 
        j++ ; 
    }
    return -1 ; 
}
static String ch(long[]x,long b){
    for (int i = 0; i < x.length; i++) {
        if(x[i]==b)return "YES" ;
    }
    return "NO" ; 
}

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException  {

    
        PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(System.out);   
        Reader  in =new Reader ();
        int n = in.nextInt() ; 
        for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
          long temp =in.nextLong() ; 
          long div  =in.nextLong() ; 
          long sum = 0 ; 
           
            while (true) {
                if(temp<div){
              sum+=temp%div ; 
              break ; 
           }
             sum+=temp%div ;                
             temp/=div ; 
             sum++ ; 
           
               
             }
             pw.println(sum);
             
          
        }
        
     pw.close();
       
  
      
}}