You are given an integer n and an integer k.

In one step you can do one of the following moves: 

  * decrease n by 1; 
  * divide n by k if n is divisible by k. 



For example, if n = 27 and k = 3 you can do the following steps: 27 → 26 → 25 → 24 → 8 → 7 → 6 → 2 → 1 → 0.

You are asked to calculate the minimum number of steps to reach 0 from n. 

Input

The first line contains one integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 100) — the number of queries.

The only line of each query contains two integers n and k (1 ≤ n ≤ 10^{18}, 2 ≤ k ≤ 10^{18}).

Output

For each query print the minimum number of steps to reach 0 from n in single line. 

Example

Input


2
59 3
1000000000000000000 10


Output


8
19

Note

Steps for the first test case are: 59 → 58 → 57 → 19 → 18 → 6 → 2 → 1 → 0.

In the second test case you have to divide n by k 18 times and then decrease n by 1.
from sys import stdin,stdout
from itertools import combinations
from collections import defaultdict,OrderedDict
import math
import heapq

def listIn():
    return list((map(int,stdin.readline().strip().split())))

def stringListIn():
    return([x for x in stdin.readline().split()])
    
def intIn():
    return (int(stdin.readline()))

def stringIn():
    return (stdin.readline().strip())

if __name__=="__main__":
    for _ in range(intIn()):
        n,k=listIn()
        ans=0
        while(n>0):
            m=n%k
            if m==0:
                ans+=1
                n//=k
            else:
                ans+=m
                n=n-m
        print(ans)
            
    
    