The new academic year has started, and Berland's university has n first-year students. They are divided into k academic groups, however, some of the groups might be empty. Among the students, there are m pairs of acquaintances, and each acquaintance pair might be both in a common group or be in two different groups.

Alice is the curator of the first years, she wants to host an entertaining game to make everyone know each other. To do that, she will select two different academic groups and then divide the students of those groups into two teams. The game requires that there are no acquaintance pairs inside each of the teams.

Alice wonders how many pairs of groups she can select, such that it'll be possible to play a game after that. All students of the two selected groups must take part in the game.

Please note, that the teams Alice will form for the game don't need to coincide with groups the students learn in. Moreover, teams may have different sizes (or even be empty).

Input

The first line contains three integers n, m and k (1 ≤ n ≤ 500 000; 0 ≤ m ≤ 500 000; 2 ≤ k ≤ 500 000) — the number of students, the number of pairs of acquaintances and the number of groups respectively.

The second line contains n integers c_1, c_2, ..., c_n (1 ≤ c_i ≤ k), where c_i equals to the group number of the i-th student.

Next m lines follow. The i-th of them contains two integers a_i and b_i (1 ≤ a_i, b_i ≤ n), denoting that students a_i and b_i are acquaintances. It's guaranteed, that a_i ≠ b_i, and that no (unordered) pair is mentioned more than once.

Output

Print a single integer — the number of ways to choose two different groups such that it's possible to select two teams to play the game.

Examples

Input


6 8 3
1 1 2 2 3 3
1 3
1 5
1 6
2 5
2 6
3 4
3 5
5 6


Output


2


Input


4 3 3
1 1 2 2
1 2
2 3
3 4


Output


3


Input


4 4 2
1 1 1 2
1 2
2 3
3 1
1 4


Output


0


Input


5 5 2
1 2 1 2 1
1 2
2 3
3 4
4 5
5 1


Output


0

Note

The acquaintances graph for the first example is shown in the picture below (next to each student there is their group number written).

<image>

In that test we can select the following groups:

  * Select the first and the second groups. For instance, one team can be formed from students 1 and 4, while other team can be formed from students 2 and 3. 
  * Select the second and the third group. For instance, one team can be formed 3 and 6, while other team can be formed from students 4 and 5. 
  * We can't select the first and the third group, because there is no way to form the teams for the game. 



In the second example, we can select any group pair. Please note, that even though the third group has no students, we still can select it (with some other group) for the game.
//package round680;

import java.io.*;
import java.util.ArrayDeque;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.InputMismatchException;
import java.util.Queue;

public class C {
	InputStream is;
	FastWriter out;
	String INPUT = "";
	
	void solve()
	{
		int n = ni(), m = ni(), K = ni();
		int[] c = na(n);
		int[][] es = new int[m][];
		for(int i = 0;i < m;i++){
			es[i] = new int[]{ni()-1, ni()-1, -1, -1};
			es[i][2] = Math.min(c[es[i][0]], c[es[i][1]])-1;
			es[i][3] = Math.max(c[es[i][0]], c[es[i][1]])-1;
			if(es[i][2] == es[i][3]){
				es[i][3] = -1;
			}
		}
		Arrays.sort(es, (x, y) -> {
			if (x[2] != y[2]) return x[2] - y[2];
			return x[3] - y[3];
		});

		RestorableDisjointSet2 rds = new RestorableDisjointSet2(2*n, 2*m);

		boolean[] ngs = new boolean[K];
		long nng = 0;
		for(int i = 0;i < m;) {
			int j = i;
			while (j < m && es[i][2] == es[j][2] && es[i][3] == es[j][3]) j++;

			if(es[i][3] == -1){
				boolean ng = false;
				int h = rds.hp;
				for (int k = i; k < j; k++) {
					rds.union(es[k][0], es[k][1] + n);
					rds.union(es[k][0] + n, es[k][1]);
					ng |= rds.equiv(es[k][0], es[k][0] + n);
				}
				ngs[es[i][2]] = ng;
				if(ng)nng++;
				rds.revert(h);
			}

			i = j;
		}

		long ans = (long)(K-nng)*(K-nng-1)/2;

		for(int i = 0;i < m;) {
			int j = i;
			while (j < m && es[i][2] == es[j][2] && es[i][3] == es[j][3]) j++;

			if(es[i][3] == -1){
				for (int k = i; k < j; k++) {
					rds.union(es[k][0], es[k][1] + n);
					rds.union(es[k][0] + n, es[k][1]);
				}
			}

			i = j;
		}

		for(int i = 0;i < m;){
			int j = i;
			while(j < m && es[i][2] == es[j][2] && es[i][3] == es[j][3])j++;

			if(es[i][3] != -1) {
				boolean ng = ngs[es[i][2]] | ngs[es[i][3]];
				if(!ng) {
					int h = rds.hp;
					for (int k = i; k < j; k++) {
						rds.union(es[k][0], es[k][1] + n);
						rds.union(es[k][0] + n, es[k][1]);
						ng |= rds.equiv(es[k][0], es[k][0] + n);
					}
					if (ng) {
						ans--;
					}
					rds.revert(h);
				}
			}

			i = j;
		}
		out.println(ans);
	}

	public static class RestorableDisjointSet2 {
		public int[] upper; // minus:num_element(root) plus:root(normal)
		private int[] targets;
		private int[] histupper;
		public int hp = 0;

		public RestorableDisjointSet2(int n, int m)
		{
			upper = new int[n];
			Arrays.fill(upper, -1);

			targets = new int[2*m];
			histupper = new int[2*m];
			//
			//			w = new int[n];
		}

		public RestorableDisjointSet2(RestorableDisjointSet2 ds)
		{
			this.upper = Arrays.copyOf(ds.upper, ds.upper.length);
			this.histupper = Arrays.copyOf(ds.histupper, ds.histupper.length);
			//
			this.hp = ds.hp;
		}

		public int root(int x)
		{
			return upper[x] < 0 ? x : root(upper[x]);
		}

		public boolean equiv(int x, int y)
		{
			return root(x) == root(y);
		}

		public boolean union(int x, int y)
		{
			x = root(x);
			y = root(y);
			if(x != y) {
				if(upper[y] < upper[x]) {
					int d = x; x = y; y = d;
				}
				//				w[x] += w[y];
				record(x); record(y);
				upper[x] += upper[y];
				//
				upper[y] = x;
			}
			return x == y;
		}

		public int time() { return hp; }

		private void record(int x)
		{
			targets[hp] = x;
			histupper[hp] = upper[x];
			//
			hp++;
		}

		public void revert(int to)
		{
			while(hp > to){
				upper[targets[hp-1]] = histupper[hp-1];
				//
				hp--;
			}
		}

		public int count()
		{
			int ct = 0;
			for(int u : upper){
				if(u < 0)ct++;
			}
			return ct;
		}

		public int[][] makeUp()
		{
			int n = upper.length;
			int[][] ret = new int[n][];
			int[] rp = new int[n];
			for(int i = 0;i < n;i++){
				if(upper[i] < 0)ret[i] = new int[-upper[i]];
			}
			for(int i = 0;i < n;i++){
				int r = root(i);
				ret[r][rp[r]++] = i;
			}
			return ret;
		}

	}


	void run() throws Exception
	{
		is = oj ? System.in : new ByteArrayInputStream(INPUT.getBytes());
		out = new FastWriter(System.out);
		
		long s = System.currentTimeMillis();
		solve();
		out.flush();
		tr(System.currentTimeMillis()-s+"ms");
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { new C().run(); }
	
	private byte[] inbuf = new byte[1024];
	public int lenbuf = 0, ptrbuf = 0;
	
	private int readByte()
	{
		if(lenbuf == -1)throw new InputMismatchException();
		if(ptrbuf >= lenbuf){
			ptrbuf = 0;
			try { lenbuf = is.read(inbuf); } catch (IOException e) { throw new InputMismatchException(); }
			if(lenbuf <= 0)return -1;
		}
		return inbuf[ptrbuf++];
	}
	
	private boolean isSpaceChar(int c) { return !(c >= 33 && c <= 126); }
	private int skip() { int b; while((b = readByte()) != -1 && isSpaceChar(b)); return b; }
	
	private double nd() { return Double.parseDouble(ns()); }
	private char nc() { return (char)skip(); }
	
	private String ns()
	{
		int b = skip();
		StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
		while(!(isSpaceChar(b))){ // when nextLine, (isSpaceChar(b) && b != ' ')
			sb.appendCodePoint(b);
			b = readByte();
		}
		return sb.toString();
	}
	
	private char[] ns(int n)
	{
		char[] buf = new char[n];
		int b = skip(), p = 0;
		while(p < n && !(isSpaceChar(b))){
			buf[p++] = (char)b;
			b = readByte();
		}
		return n == p ? buf : Arrays.copyOf(buf, p);
	}

	private int[] na(int n)
	{
		int[] a = new int[n];
		for(int i = 0;i < n;i++)a[i] = ni();
		return a;
	}

	private long[] nal(int n)
	{
		long[] a = new long[n];
		for(int i = 0;i < n;i++)a[i] = nl();
		return a;
	}

	private char[][] nm(int n, int m) {
		char[][] map = new char[n][];
		for(int i = 0;i < n;i++)map[i] = ns(m);
		return map;
	}

	private int[][] nmi(int n, int m) {
		int[][] map = new int[n][];
		for(int i = 0;i < n;i++)map[i] = na(m);
		return map;
	}

	private int ni() { return (int)nl(); }

	private long nl()
	{
		long num = 0;
		int b;
		boolean minus = false;
		while((b = readByte()) != -1 && !((b >= '0' && b <= '9') || b == '-'));
		if(b == '-'){
			minus = true;
			b = readByte();
		}

		while(true){
			if(b >= '0' && b <= '9'){
				num = num * 10 + (b - '0');
			}else{
				return minus ? -num : num;
			}
			b = readByte();
		}
	}

	public static class FastWriter
	{
		private static final int BUF_SIZE = 1<<13;
		private final byte[] buf = new byte[BUF_SIZE];
		private final OutputStream out;
		private int ptr = 0;

		private FastWriter(){out = null;}

		public FastWriter(OutputStream os)
		{
			this.out = os;
		}

		public FastWriter(String path)
		{
			try {
				this.out = new FileOutputStream(path);
			} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
				throw new RuntimeException("FastWriter");
			}
		}

		public FastWriter write(byte b)
		{
			buf[ptr++] = b;
			if(ptr == BUF_SIZE)innerflush();
			return this;
		}

		public FastWriter write(char c)
		{
			return write((byte)c);
		}

		public FastWriter write(char[] s)
		{
			for(char c : s){
				buf[ptr++] = (byte)c;
				if(ptr == BUF_SIZE)innerflush();
			}
			return this;
		}

		public FastWriter write(String s)
		{
			s.chars().forEach(c -> {
				buf[ptr++] = (byte)c;
				if(ptr == BUF_SIZE)innerflush();
			});
			return this;
		}

		private static int countDigits(int l) {
			if (l >= 1000000000) return 10;
			if (l >= 100000000) return 9;
			if (l >= 10000000) return 8;
			if (l >= 1000000) return 7;
			if (l >= 100000) return 6;
			if (l >= 10000) return 5;
			if (l >= 1000) return 4;
			if (l >= 100) return 3;
			if (l >= 10) return 2;
			return 1;
		}

		public FastWriter write(int x)
		{
			if(x == Integer.MIN_VALUE){
				return write((long)x);
			}
			if(ptr + 12 >= BUF_SIZE)innerflush();
			if(x < 0){
				write((byte)'-');
				x = -x;
			}
			int d = countDigits(x);
			for(int i = ptr + d - 1;i >= ptr;i--){
				buf[i] = (byte)('0'+x%10);
				x /= 10;
			}
			ptr += d;
			return this;
		}

		private static int countDigits(long l) {
			if (l >= 1000000000000000000L) return 19;
			if (l >= 100000000000000000L) return 18;
			if (l >= 10000000000000000L) return 17;
			if (l >= 1000000000000000L) return 16;
			if (l >= 100000000000000L) return 15;
			if (l >= 10000000000000L) return 14;
			if (l >= 1000000000000L) return 13;
			if (l >= 100000000000L) return 12;
			if (l >= 10000000000L) return 11;
			if (l >= 1000000000L) return 10;
			if (l >= 100000000L) return 9;
			if (l >= 10000000L) return 8;
			if (l >= 1000000L) return 7;
			if (l >= 100000L) return 6;
			if (l >= 10000L) return 5;
			if (l >= 1000L) return 4;
			if (l >= 100L) return 3;
			if (l >= 10L) return 2;
			return 1;
		}

		public FastWriter write(long x)
		{
			if(x == Long.MIN_VALUE){
				return write("" + x);
			}
			if(ptr + 21 >= BUF_SIZE)innerflush();
			if(x < 0){
				write((byte)'-');
				x = -x;
			}
			int d = countDigits(x);
			for(int i = ptr + d - 1;i >= ptr;i--){
				buf[i] = (byte)('0'+x%10);
				x /= 10;
			}
			ptr += d;
			return this;
		}

		public FastWriter write(double x, int precision)
		{
			if(x < 0){
				write('-');
				x = -x;
			}
			x += Math.pow(10, -precision)/2;
			//		if(x < 0){ x = 0; }
			write((long)x).write(".");
			x -= (long)x;
			for(int i = 0;i < precision;i++){
				x *= 10;
				write((char)('0'+(int)x));
				x -= (int)x;
			}
			return this;
		}

		public FastWriter writeln(char c){
			return write(c).writeln();
		}

		public FastWriter writeln(int x){
			return write(x).writeln();
		}

		public FastWriter writeln(long x){
			return write(x).writeln();
		}

		public FastWriter writeln(double x, int precision){
			return write(x, precision).writeln();
		}

		public FastWriter write(int... xs)
		{
			boolean first = true;
			for(int x : xs) {
				if (!first) write(' ');
				first = false;
				write(x);
			}
			return this;
		}

		public FastWriter write(long... xs)
		{
			boolean first = true;
			for(long x : xs) {
				if (!first) write(' ');
				first = false;
				write(x);
			}
			return this;
		}

		public FastWriter writeln()
		{
			return write((byte)'\n');
		}

		public FastWriter writeln(int... xs)
		{
			return write(xs).writeln();
		}

		public FastWriter writeln(long... xs)
		{
			return write(xs).writeln();
		}

		public FastWriter writeln(char[] line)
		{
			return write(line).writeln();
		}

		public FastWriter writeln(char[]... map)
		{
			for(char[] line : map)write(line).writeln();
			return this;
		}

		public FastWriter writeln(String s)
		{
			return write(s).writeln();
		}

		private void innerflush()
		{
			try {
				out.write(buf, 0, ptr);
				ptr = 0;
			} catch (IOException e) {
				throw new RuntimeException("innerflush");
			}
		}

		public void flush()
		{
			innerflush();
			try {
				out.flush();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				throw new RuntimeException("flush");
			}
		}

		public FastWriter print(byte b) { return write(b); }
		public FastWriter print(char c) { return write(c); }
		public FastWriter print(char[] s) { return write(s); }
		public FastWriter print(String s) { return write(s); }
		public FastWriter print(int x) { return write(x); }
		public FastWriter print(long x) { return write(x); }
		public FastWriter print(double x, int precision) { return write(x, precision); }
		public FastWriter println(char c){ return writeln(c); }
		public FastWriter println(int x){ return writeln(x); }
		public FastWriter println(long x){ return writeln(x); }
		public FastWriter println(double x, int precision){ return writeln(x, precision); }
		public FastWriter print(int... xs) { return write(xs); }
		public FastWriter print(long... xs) { return write(xs); }
		public FastWriter println(int... xs) { return writeln(xs); }
		public FastWriter println(long... xs) { return writeln(xs); }
		public FastWriter println(char[] line) { return writeln(line); }
		public FastWriter println(char[]... map) { return writeln(map); }
		public FastWriter println(String s) { return writeln(s); }
		public FastWriter println() { return writeln(); }
	}

	public void trnz(int... o)
	{
		for(int i = 0;i < o.length;i++)if(o[i] != 0)System.out.print(i+":"+o[i]+" ");
		System.out.println();
	}

	// print ids which are 1
	public void trt(long... o)
	{
		Queue<Integer> stands = new ArrayDeque<>();
		for(int i = 0;i < o.length;i++){
			for(long x = o[i];x != 0;x &= x-1)stands.add(i<<6|Long.numberOfTrailingZeros(x));
		}
		System.out.println(stands);
	}

	public void tf(boolean... r)
	{
		for(boolean x : r)System.out.print(x?'#':'.');
		System.out.println();
	}

	public void tf(boolean[]... b)
	{
		for(boolean[] r : b) {
			for(boolean x : r)System.out.print(x?'#':'.');
			System.out.println();
		}
		System.out.println();
	}

	public void tf(long[]... b)
	{
		if(INPUT.length() != 0) {
			for (long[] r : b) {
				for (long x : r) {
					for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++) {
						System.out.print(x << ~i < 0 ? '#' : '.');
					}
				}
				System.out.println();
			}
			System.out.println();
		}
	}

	public void tf(long... b)
	{
		if(INPUT.length() != 0) {
			for (long x : b) {
				for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++) {
					System.out.print(x << ~i < 0 ? '#' : '.');
				}
			}
			System.out.println();
		}
	}

	private boolean oj = System.getProperty("ONLINE_JUDGE") != null;
	private void tr(Object... o) { if(!oj)System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(o)); }
}
