You are given an integer n and an integer k.

In one step you can do one of the following moves: 

  * decrease n by 1; 
  * divide n by k if n is divisible by k. 



For example, if n = 27 and k = 3 you can do the following steps: 27 → 26 → 25 → 24 → 8 → 7 → 6 → 2 → 1 → 0.

You are asked to calculate the minimum number of steps to reach 0 from n. 

Input

The first line contains one integer t (1 ≤ t ≤ 100) — the number of queries.

The only line of each query contains two integers n and k (1 ≤ n ≤ 10^{18}, 2 ≤ k ≤ 10^{18}).

Output

For each query print the minimum number of steps to reach 0 from n in single line. 

Example

Input


2
59 3
1000000000000000000 10


Output


8
19

Note

Steps for the first test case are: 59 → 58 → 57 → 19 → 18 → 6 → 2 → 1 → 0.

In the second test case you have to divide n by k 18 times and then decrease n by 1.
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;

/******************************\
 * The solution is at the top *
 *                            *
 *   Created by : azhar556    *
\******************************/

public class A {
    static void solve() {
		long n = nl();
		long k = nl();
		long res = 0L;
		long nowN = n;
		while (nowN != 0) {
			if (nowN % k == 0) {
				nowN /= k;
				res++;
			}
			else {
				res += (nowN % k);
				nowN = k * (nowN / k);
			}
			// err.println(nowN + " " + res);
		}
		out.println(res);
    }    

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        long time = System.currentTimeMillis();
        int t = ni();
        // t = 1;
        while (t-- > 0) solve(); 
        err.println("Time elapsed : " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - time) / 1000F + " s.");
        err.close(); out.close();
    }

	static int[] radixSort(int[] f){ return radixSort(f, f.length); }
	static int[] radixSort(int[] f, int n)
	{
		int[] to = new int[n];
		{
			int[] b = new int[65537];
			for(int i = 0;i < n;i++)b[1+(f[i]&0xffff)]++;
			for(int i = 1;i <= 65536;i++)b[i]+=b[i-1];
			for(int i = 0;i < n;i++)to[b[f[i]&0xffff]++] = f[i];
			int[] d = f; f = to;to = d;
		}
		{
			int[] b = new int[65537];
			for(int i = 0;i < n;i++)b[1+(f[i]>>>16)]++;
			for(int i = 1;i <= 65536;i++)b[i]+=b[i-1];
			for(int i = 0;i < n;i++)to[b[f[i]>>>16]++] = f[i];
			int[] d = f; f = to;to = d;
		}
		return f;
	}

    static PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(System.out)));
    static PrintWriter err = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(System.err)));
    static BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
    static StringTokenizer token;
        
    static String ns() {
        while (token == null || !token.hasMoreTokens()) {
            try {
                token = new StringTokenizer(br.readLine());
            }
            catch (IOException e) {
                throw new RuntimeException(e);
            }
        }
        return token.nextToken();
    }
    static char nc() {
        return Character.valueOf(ns().charAt(0));
    }
    static int ni() {
        return Integer.parseInt(ns());
    }
    static double nd() {
        return Double.parseDouble(ns());
    }
    static long nl() {
        return Long.parseLong(ns());
    }
}
// Collections Arrays Math
// Vector HashSet TreeSet HashMap TreeMap ArrayDeque 