ISBN
Issuing process <span class="anchor" id="How ISBNs are issued"></span>
### Issuing process

ISBN issuance is country\-specific, in that ISBNs are issued by the ISBN registration agency that is responsible for that country or territory regardless of the publication language. The ranges of ISBNs assigned to any particular country are based on the publishing profile of the country concerned, and so the ranges will vary depending on the number of books and the number, type, and size of publishers that are active. Some ISBN registration agencies are based in national libraries or within ministries of culture and thus may receive direct funding from the government to support their services. In other cases, the ISBN registration service is provided by organisations such as bibliographic data providers that are not government funded.

A full directory of ISBN agencies is available on the International ISBN Agency website. A list for a few countries is given below:
* Australia – Thorpe\-Bowker
* Brazil – The [National Library of Brazil](/wiki/National_Library_of_Brazil "National Library of Brazil"); (Up to 28 February 2020\)
* Brazil – Câmara Brasileira do Livro (From 1 March 2020\)
* Canada – English [Library and Archives Canada](/wiki/Library_and_Archives_Canada "Library and Archives Canada"), a government agency; French ;
* Colombia – Cámara Colombiana del Libro, an NGO
* Hong Kong – Books Registration Office (BRO), under the [Hong Kong Public Libraries](/wiki/Hong_Kong_Public_Libraries "Hong Kong Public Libraries")
* Iceland – Landsbókasafn ([National and University Library of Iceland](/wiki/National_and_University_Library_of_Iceland "National and University Library of Iceland"))
* India – The [Raja Rammohun Roy National Agency for ISBN](/wiki/Raja_Rammohun_Roy_National_Agency_for_ISBN "Raja Rammohun Roy National Agency for ISBN") (Book Promotion and Copyright Division), under Department of Higher Education, a constituent of the [Ministry of Human Resource Development](/wiki/Ministry_of_Human_Resource_Development "Ministry of Human Resource Development")
* Israel – The Israel Center for Libraries
* Italy – *EDISER srl*, owned by *Associazione Italiana Editori* (Italian Publishers Association)
* Kenya – [National Library of Kenya](/wiki/National_Library_Service_of_Kenya "National Library Service of Kenya")
* Latvia \- [Latvian ISBN Agency](/wiki/Latvian_ISBN_Agency "Latvian ISBN Agency")
* Lebanon – [Lebanese ISBN Agency](/wiki/Lebanese_ISBN_Agency "Lebanese ISBN Agency")
* Maldives – The [National Bureau of Classification (NBC)](/wiki/National_Bureau_of_Classification_%28NBC%29 "National Bureau of Classification (NBC)")
* Malta – The [National Book Council](/wiki/National_Book_Council "National Book Council") ()
* Morocco – The National Library of Morocco
* New Zealand – The [National Library of New Zealand](/wiki/National_Library_of_New_Zealand "National Library of New Zealand")
* Nigeria – [National Library of Nigeria](/wiki/National_Library_of_Nigeria "National Library of Nigeria")
* Pakistan – [National Library of Pakistan](/wiki/National_Library_of_Pakistan "National Library of Pakistan")
* Philippines – [National Library of the Philippines](/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Philippines "National Library of the Philippines")
* South Africa – [National Library of South Africa](/wiki/National_Library_of_South_Africa "National Library of South Africa")
* Spain – [Spanish ISBN Agency – Agencia del ISBN](https://www.agenciaisbn.es/)
* Turkey – General Directorate of Libraries and Publications, a branch of the [Ministry of Culture](/wiki/Ministry_of_Culture_and_Tourism_%28Turkey%29 "Ministry of Culture and Tourism (Turkey)")
* United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland – *Nielsen Book Services Ltd*, part of [NIQ](/wiki/NielsenIQ "NielsenIQ")
* United States – [R. R. Bowker](/wiki/R._R._Bowker "R. R. Bowker")


What agency is responsible for registering books in Spain?