Bouffant
History
History
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[thumb\|180px\|left\|Drawing of a Gibson Girl by [Charles Dana Gibson](/wiki/Charles_Dana_Gibson "Charles Dana Gibson") (c. 1891\)](/wiki/file:Gibson_Girl_by_Charles_Dana_Gibson.jpg "Gibson Girl by Charles Dana Gibson.jpg")
The bouffant is a variant of the [pouf](/wiki/Pouf "Pouf") hairstyle from the 18th century, popularly used in the aesthetics of aristocratic society and the upper socio\-economic classes of the French Empire. The bouffant, along with similar hairstyles like the pouf and the [pompadour](/wiki/Pompadour_%28hairstyle%29 "Pompadour (hairstyle)"), represented an exclusive hairstyle of the upper socio\-economic classes. The hairstyle was typically created in aristocratic wigs, which were adorned with feathers, ribbons, flowers, and jewelry, and accompanied by various headpieces, hats, and [fascinators](/wiki/Fascinator "Fascinator").[Bouffant Hair](http://hair.lovetoknow.com/about-hair/bouffant-hair) Article by Monica Patrick on *Love to Know*; accessed December 28, 2012 Voluminous hairstyles like the bouffant and the pompadour became popular again among high society women in the late Victorian era, where full\-bodied hair was considered an attribute of the upper socio\-economic classes, leading to the use of cosmetic solutions and hairpieces to add volume to the hairstyle.

At the end of the 19th century, the bouffant style found appreciation during the [Belle Époque](/wiki/Belle_%C3%89poque "Belle Époque") period. The hairstyle was revived through the concept of feminine beauty created by American illustrator [Charles Dana Gibson](/wiki/Charles_Dana_Gibson "Charles Dana Gibson"), who popularized the aesthetic of the Gibson Girl as one of the first forms of [pin\-up](/wiki/Pin-up_model "Pin-up model") beauty in the late 19th century. The iconic Gibson Girl was often depicted in contemporary fashion, wearing figure\-accentuating clothing, hats, and headpieces, and portrayed with voluminous bouffant and pompadour hairstyles. The sophisticated perception of women in the Gibson Girl model contributed to the popularity of this aesthetic, including the bouffant hairstyle, until the period of World War I.

### 20th and 21st centuries

[thumb\|[Louise, Princess Royal and Duchess of Fife](/wiki/Louise%2C_Princess_Royal_and_Duchess_of_Fife "Louise, Princess Royal and Duchess of Fife") (1867\-1931\) with her daughters [Princess Maud](/wiki/Maud_Carnegie%2C_Countess_of_Southesk "Maud Carnegie, Countess of Southesk") (1893–1945\) and [Princess Alexandra](/wiki/Princess_Alexandra%2C_2nd_Duchess_of_Fife "Princess Alexandra, 2nd Duchess of Fife") (1891–1959\), ca 1911\.](/wiki/File:Princess_Louise%2C_Duchess_of_Fife%2C_and_daughters_Princesses_Maud_and_Alexandra.jpg "Princess Louise, Duchess of Fife, and daughters Princesses Maud and Alexandra.jpg")
After the political succession from the reign of [Queen Victoria](/wiki/Queen_Victoria "Queen Victoria") to [King Edward VII](/wiki/Edward_VII "Edward VII"), the bouffant continued to be a symbol of aristocracy in the early years of the [Edwardian era](/wiki/Edwardian_era "Edwardian era"), marked by the integration of new hairstyling techniques such as the use of hair waxes, fixatives, and hairpieces to add volume to the hairstyle.[Hair 1900–1920 Early C20th Hair Styles Edwardian Hairstyle Fashion History By Pauline Weston Thomas](http://www.fashion-era.com/hats-hair/hats_hair_6_hairstyles_fashion_history_1900_1920.htm#The%20Transformation%20Pompadour%20Style) Fashion\-Era, Hairstyles in Fashion History 1900–1920 The bouffant and the Gibson Girl aesthetic were later replaced by modern versions of new femininity, which included the [bob](/wiki/Bob_cut "Bob cut") hairstyles and the [flapper](/wiki/Flapper "Flapper") woman's style.

The bouffant hairstyle made a comeback in the early 1950s during the [rockabilly](/wiki/Rockabilly "Rockabilly") aesthetic, along with the pompadour hairstyle. Its revival in women's fashion in the 1950s is credited to British stylist [Raymond Bessone](/wiki/Raymond_Bessone "Raymond Bessone"). The hairstyle was often referred to as teasy\-weasy due to the popularity of Bessone's bouffant hairstyle, which became its commonly known name.

[thumb\|left\|180px\|[Jacqueline Kennedy](/wiki/Jacqueline_Kennedy "Jacqueline Kennedy") in the Diplomatic Reception Room, December 5, 1961, [White House](/wiki/White_House "White House"), Diplomatic Reception](/wiki/File:Mrs_Kennedy_in_the_Diplomatic_Reception_Room_cropped.jpg "Mrs Kennedy in the Diplomatic Reception Room cropped.jpg")
The popularity of the bouffant hairstyle in the 1950s was greatly strengthened in the United States when the [First Lady](/wiki/First_Lady_of_the_United_States "First Lady of the United States"), [Jacqueline Kennedy](/wiki/Jacqueline_Kennedy "Jacqueline Kennedy"), frequently appeared with a low bouffant in the form of a bob cut.[Beauty and the Bouffant](http://www.wtv-zone.com/dpjohnson/beautyandthebouffant/) Article on *WTV\-ZONE*; accessed December 28, 2012 The hairstyle became the traditional look for American housewives in the 1960s as it was often used to create a taller appearance for the wearer. With this intention, a variation of the bouffant known as the [beehive](/wiki/Beehive_%28hairstyle%29 "Beehive (hairstyle)") emerged. The beehive consisted of a voluminous mass of hair styled in a roll or hive\-like shape resting on top of the crown of the head, characterized by its considerable height and often accompanied by bangs.[Remembering: The Beehive – The Beehive Hairstyle](http://www.retrogalaxy.com/remember/beehive.asp) Article on *Retro Galaxy*; accessed December 28, 2012 The beehive hairstyle became iconic for artists like [Dusty Springfield](/wiki/Dusty_Springfield "Dusty Springfield") and in more modern times, for the look sported by [Amy Winehouse](/wiki/Amy_Winehouse "Amy Winehouse").[Amy Winehouse And Her Beehive – How She Changed Hair History](http://www.radaronline.com/exclusives/2011/07/amy-winehouse-beehive-changed-hair-history) Article by Leah Ornstein on *Radar Online*; accessed December 28, 2012

[thumb\|180px\|Promotional photo of [The Ronettes](/wiki/The_Ronettes "The Ronettes") (1966\)](/wiki/File:The_Ronettes_1966.JPG "The Ronettes 1966.JPG")
During the 1960s, the bouffant gained notable popularity among musical personalities, especially members of girls groups performing R\&B, [bubblegum pop](/wiki/Bubblegum_music "Bubblegum music"), [soul](/wiki/Soul_music "Soul music"), and [doo\-woop](/wiki/Doo-wop "Doo-wop") music. Some groups that adopted the bouffant in the 1960s included [The Supremes](/wiki/The_Supremes "The Supremes"), [The Ronettes](/wiki/The_Ronettes "The Ronettes"), [The Shirelles](/wiki/The_Shirelles "The Shirelles"), and [Martha and the Vandellas](/wiki/Martha_and_the_Vandellas "Martha and the Vandellas"). This popularity contributed to a significant increase in sales of hair rollers and hairspray during the 1960s.

The revival of the beehive hairstyle is recognized to have emerged with the fame of Amy Winehouse in the 2000s. The bouffant (including its variation, the beehive, and the pompadour hairstyle) experienced a resurgence in popularity in the 2010s due to the aesthetic influence of the hipster subculture as well as retro rockabilly trends, with music personalities like [Adele](/wiki/Adele "Adele") and [Rihanna](/wiki/Rihanna "Rihanna") sporting these hairstyles.[Hipster\-Hair](http://www.hipster-hair.com/index.php?img=162328&tags=buzzed) Scene Hair, Hipster Hair, Indie Hair


Are there any differences between the bouffant and pompadour hairstyles?