Renault F-Type engine
Evolution
Evolution
---------

### Diesel versions

Beginning in 1987, the 1\.6D underwent changes to make it more quiet. This F8M second generation was unfortunately weaker at the cylinder head and head gasket. More asbestos was being dropped, which was exacerbated the problems of cylinder head gaskets. Externally, a second generation F8M known by its cylinder head cover 6 which is secured by small screws, while a first generation F8M 3 has closed nuts for securing the valve cover. The housing for the F8M second generation had a non\-painted surface around the injection pump, while the first generation F8M had completely black casing.

In 1988, Renault launched the Renault 19 as the replacement for the Renault 9 and Renault 11\. The preceding F8M 1\.6 D diesel engine developed , but since it was not powerful enough to power the heavier Renault 19, Renault changed the stroke and bore of the 1\.6 D, to obtain  (1\.9 D) which gave rise to F8Q which was developing . This engine would also eventually be used in the Clio 1, Clio\-based Express (Rapid / Extra), Renault 21, Kangoo, Mégane 1 and Trafic 1\. A lower powered version producing  [DIN](/wiki/DIN "DIN") was introduced in the 1990s. The second generation F8Q cylinder heads and head\-gaskets were problematic.

At the end of 1988, a turbocharged version of the 1\.9 D was sold with the R19 model, which was designated F8QT. It developed  DIN. It was also used in the Renault Mégane 1, Volvo 440, Volvo 460, Volvo S40, V40 and [Mitsubishi Carisma](/wiki/Mitsubishi_Carisma "Mitsubishi Carisma").

In the autumn of 1997, Renault introduced the 1\.9 dT as their first version of the engine with [Direct injection](/wiki/Diesel_engine%23Types_of_fuel_injection "Diesel engine#Types of fuel injection"), the 1\.9 dTi, designated as engine type F9Q. It was being used in the Mégane 1, Scénic 1, Laguna 1, Kangoo 1, Clio 2, Mitsubishi Carisma and the Volvo S40 and V40\.

In July 1999, the 1\.9 dTi was upgraded to [common rail](/wiki/Common_rail "Common rail") higher pressure injection. This, the F9Q, was Renault's first dCi engine. It appeared in the Laguna 1 Phase 2\. The 1\.9 dCi was also used in the Mégane 1 Phase 2, Scénic 1 Phase 2, Laguna 2, Mégane 2, Scénic 2, Espace 3, Espace 4, Trafic 2, Master 2, Volvo S40, Volvo V40, Mitsubishi Carisma, [Suzuki Grand Vitara](/wiki/Suzuki_Grand_Vitara "Suzuki Grand Vitara"), Nissan Primera and so on.

### Gasoline versions

In 1986, the Renault 21 2\.0 was introduced, with a displacement of , with F2R using a twin\-barrel carburetor and F3R, injection version. The F3R with  also equipped the Renault Alliance GTA in North America.

In early 1989 Renault premiered the sports version of the Renault 19, replacing the Renault 9 Turbo and Renault 11 Turbo, although it only went on sale in the second half of 1990\. Renault abandoned its 1\.4 Cléon\-Fonte turbo carburetor in favor of a multi\-valve engine with multipoint injection, an evolution of the engine of the  F2N. The stroke remained the same, but the bore was increased by 1 mm, giving a displacement of . The cast\-iron block was topped by a 16\-valve alloy cylinder head. This, the F7P engine, had  and was also used in the Clio 16S from February 1991, replacing the Super 5 GT Turbo. Starting in July 1992, the Clio 16S and 16S R19 were fitted as standard with a [catalytic converter](/wiki/Catalytic_converter "Catalytic converter") in order to comply with pollution standards applicable from 1 January 1993, losing three horsepower in the process.

The [Renault Clio Williams](/wiki/Renault_Clio_Williams "Renault Clio Williams") appeared in 1993\. This was not only meant to celebrate titles gleaned in [Formula 1](/wiki/Formula_1 "Formula 1") with Frank Williams' team, but also to be [homologated for competition](/wiki/Homologation_%28motorsport%29 "Homologation (motorsport)") (requiring a minimum production of 2,500\). In order to run in [Group A](/wiki/Group_A "Group A"), Renault needed a 2\.0\-liter engine to be the best equipped in its class. Starting with the F7P engine block from the Renault Clio 16S, Renault developed the  F7R with . The increase in capacity was obtained by boring out the engine by  and by adopting the diesel engine's [crankshaft](/wiki/Crankshaft "Crankshaft"), thus increasing the stroke from . This stronger crankshaft was also better able to cope with the increased torque, which now reached  at 4,500 rpm. The F7R was also used in the Mégane 1 and Renault Spider.

Starting from 1 January 1993, all car models would be equipped with a fuel injection system and a catalytic converter. Here the F2N of  saw increased bore and therefore a new cylinder capacity of . It would be known as the "F3P" on the Renault Clio 1 and 19, and "B18U" on the Volvo 440 and Volvo 460\. In contrast, the Renault 21, then at the end of its lifespan retained its , but with injection (type motor F3N). Volvo would also retain the  injection (type motor B18EP), alongside the new . In 1994, the Laguna would be equipped with the F3P engine.

Volvo also marketed a  petrol version with multipoint injection, sold as the "B16F" in Volvo nomenclature. It was installed in the Volvo 440 and 460 models. Peculiarly, this engine had the same bore and stroke (and resulting displacement) as the diesel F8M engine.

Version 8 valves engine F7R  would appear on Laguna 1, it was also used in the Mégane 1 and Scenic Area 1 and 3, and was there known as the "F3R." In the Volvo 440, 460 and 480, the engine was known as the "B20F". The new  F3R replaced the old  F3R engine.

The F4P first appeared in 1998, in the Phase 2 model of the first generation [Laguna](/wiki/Renault_Laguna "Renault Laguna"). This new 16 valve  was also used in the first Mégane Scénic and the second generation Laguna. At the same time, the bigger F4R was used in the Laguna and Espace (third generation), with the same engine size as the F7R  from the Clio Williams. It also ended up in the second and third generation Mégane as well as the second Laguna. The F4P and F4R engines was specifically known by their 16\-valve cylinder head, similar to the K4J and K4M versions of [K\-Type engine](/wiki/Renault_K-Type_engine "Renault K-Type engine"). The F4P and F4R engines shared the same distribution kit and water pump of the 16 valved [K\-Type engines](/wiki/Renault_K-Type_engine "Renault K-Type engine") (K4J and K4M).

In 1999, the F5R engine was introduced. This was an F7R engine, equipped with direct injection. This 16 valve DI engine was used in the Mégane coupé and convertible, as well as the Laguna 2\. This was the first produced French petrol engine with direct injection.

In 1999, Renault launched the Clio 2 RS, powered by the  F4R 16 valve engine with . The engine, sourced from the Laguna, was tuned by [Mecachrome](/wiki/Mecachrome "Mecachrome") and fitted with 2\-stage [variable valve timing](/wiki/Variable_valve_timing "Variable valve timing") on the intake cam, matched inlet and exhaust ports and 4\-into\-1 exhaust headers. In 2001 the Phase 2 F4R received [electronic throttle control](/wiki/Electronic_throttle_control "Electronic throttle control"). In 2004, the Phase 3 version of the Clio 2 RS gained  for a total of  using 4\-2\-1 exhaust headers, changes to the [intake manifold](/wiki/Intake_manifold "Intake manifold") and exhaust system (the new twin rear mufflers requiring the removal of the spare wheel well in the boot). Power was increased further in 2006 for the Clio 3 RS, now with , using further improvements to the intake and exhaust, notably continuously variable valve timing on the intake cam. The output for the Clio was increased again to  for the Phase 2 model of the third generation Clio RS.

The F4R would also be made with a turbo, and then known as the F4Rt. It would equip two Mégane, Laguna 2, Laguna 3 Avantime and Vel Satis, but especially this basis was used for the Mégane 2 RS  ( version of the F1 Team R26 and R26\.R.

The Mégane RS 3 was presented in March 2009 at the Geneva show. It was equipped with the 2\.0 16V Turbo block F4Rt the Mégane 2 RS with [variable valve timing](/wiki/Variable_valve_timing "Variable valve timing"), increased to . In June 2011, Renault launched a limited edition "RS Trophy 'power increased to , followed by a  version.


Are there any specific intake manifold designs that improve engine performance?