difference in lactated ringer's and normal saline
Ringer's lactate solution Side effects may include allergic reactions, high blood potassium, volume overload, and high blood calcium.[2] It may not be suitable for mixing with certain medications and some recommend against use in the same infusion as a blood transfusion.[4] Ringer's lactate solution has a lower rate of acidosis as compared with normal saline.[1][4] Use is generally safe in pregnancy and breastfeeding.[2] Ringer's lactate solution is in the crystalloid family of medication.[5] It is the same tonicity as blood.[2]
Phosphate-buffered saline There are many different ways to prepare PBS solutions (one of them is DPBS, or Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline, which has a lower phosphate concentration than standard PBS[1]). Some formulations do not contain potassium and magnesium, while other ones contain calcium and/or magnesium.[2]