from which latin word is the term state originated
State (polity) The word state and its cognates in some other European languages (stato in Italian, estado in Spanish and Portuguese, Ã©tat in French, Staat in German) ultimately derive from the Latin word status, meaning "condition, circumstances".[6]
Roman Republic The Roman Republic (Latin: Res publica Romana; Classical Latin: [ˈreːs ˈpuːb.lɪ.ka roːˈmaː.na]) was the era of classical Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom, traditionally dated to 509 BC, and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire. It was during this period that Rome's control expanded from the city's immediate surroundings to hegemony over the entire Mediterranean world.