all penguins live together in one area called a
Penguin Penguins for the most part breed in large colonies, the exceptions being the yellow-eyed and Fiordland species; these colonies may range in size from as few as a 100 pairs for gentoo penguins, to several hundred thousand in the case of king, macaroni and chinstrap penguins.[58] Living in colonies results in a high level of social interaction between birds, which has led to a large repertoire of visual as well as vocal displays in all penguin species.[59] Agonistic displays are those intended to confront or drive off, or alternately appease and avoid conflict with, other individuals.[59]
Polar bear There are 19 generally recognized, discrete subpopulations, though polar bears are thought to exist only in low densities in the area of the Arctic Basin.[36][38] The subpopulations display seasonal fidelity to particular areas, but DNA studies show that they are not reproductively isolated.[33] The thirteen North American subpopulations range from the Beaufort Sea south to Hudson Bay and east to Baffin Bay in western Greenland and account for about 54% of the global population.[39]