what does pax romana mean and why is it important
Pax Romana The Pax Romana (Latin for "Roman Peace") was a long period of relative peace and minimal expansion experienced by the Roman Empire between the end of the Final War of the Roman Republic and the beginning of the Crisis of the Third Century, a span of roughly two hundred years. During this period, the Roman empire achieved its greatest territorial extent, and its population reached a maximum of up to 70 million people.[1] Since it was inaugurated by Augustus, it is sometimes called the Pax Augusta. Its span was approximately 206 years (27 BC to AD 180), from the accession of Augustus to the death of Marcus Aurelius.[2]
Roman Republic Roman government in the early Republic was dominated by patricians, a wealthy, landowning minority who traced their ancestry to Rome's foundation, and had overthrown its monarchy. They shared the former powers of the kings among themselves, in the form of annually elected magistracies, senior military posts, and influential priesthoods. Republican government was headed by two consuls, advised by a senate of magistrates and ex-magistrates. Social class and status determined a citizen's voting rights, the value of his vote, and his lawful capacity for high civil, military and religious office; a patrician's vote far outweighed that of a citizen-commoner (pleb); this led to conflicts between the patrician minority and the far more numerous plebs. A series of constitutional reforms recognised wealthy, leading plebeian families as a legitimate aristocracy, and their most distinguished, reputable men as eligible for the highest elected offices.