when is a system said to be reproducible
Reproducibility Reproducibility is the ability to get the same research results or inferences, based on the raw data and computer programs provided by researchers. A related concept is replicability, meaning the ability to independently achieve non identical conclusions that are at least similar, when differences in sampling, research procedures and data analysis methods may exist.[1] Reproducibility and replicability together are among the main beliefs of ‘the scientific method’ - with the concrete expressions of the ideal/idea of such a method varying considerably across research disciplines and fields of study [2].
Algorithm As an effective method, an algorithm can be expressed within a finite amount of space and time[1] and in a well-defined formal language[2] for calculating a function.[3] Starting from an initial state and initial input (perhaps empty),[4] the instructions describe a computation that, when executed, proceeds through a finite[5] number of well-defined successive states, eventually producing "output"[6] and terminating at a final ending state. The transition from one state to the next is not necessarily deterministic; some algorithms, known as randomized algorithms, incorporate random input.[7]