when did indus valley civilization start and end
Indus Valley Civilisation The Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC) or Harappan Civilisation was a Bronze Age civilisation (3300–1300 BCE; mature period 2600–1900 BCE) mainly in the northwestern regions of South Asia, extending from what today is northeast Afghanistan to Pakistan and northwest India.[1] Along with Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia, it was one of three early cradles of civilisations of the Old World, and of the three, the most widespread.[2][note 1]
Indus Valley Civilisation Suggested contributory causes for the localisation of the IVC include changes in the course of the river,[148] and climate change that is also signalled for the neighbouring areas of the Middle East.[149][150] As of 2016[update] many scholars believe that drought and a decline in trade with Egypt and Mesopotamia caused the collapse of the Indus Civilisation.[151]