how were the homestead and pullman strikes a defeat for the unions
Homestead Strike The Homestead strike broke the AA as a force in the American labor movement. Many employers refused to sign contracts with their AA unions while the strike lasted. A deepening in 1889 of the Long Depression led most steel companies to seek wage decreases similar to those imposed at Homestead.[59]
Newsboys' strike of 1899 Although the World and the Journal did not lower their 60Â¢-a-bundle price, they did agree to buy back all unsold papers and the union disbanded, ending the strike on August 2, 1899.[18]