when was the first metal roller coaster built
History of the roller coaster In 1959, the Disneyland theme park introduced a new design breakthrough in roller coasters with the Matterhorn Bobsleds. This was the first roller coaster to use a tubular steel track. Unlike conventional wooden rails, which are generally formed using steel strips mounted on laminated wood, tubular steel can be bent in any direction, which allows designers to incorporate loops, corkscrews, and many other maneuvers into their designs. Most modern roller coasters are made of steel, although wooden roller coasters are still being built along with hybrids of steel and wood.
Roller coaster phobia In 1999, Dr. Michael Otto, Ph.D. - director of the Translational Research Program at the Center for Anxiety and Related Disorders and Professor of Psychology at Boston University[3] â€“ was hired by Universal Studios in Orlando, Florida to come up with a solution to rollercoaster aversion caused by fear. Michael Otto worked with fellow psychologist Brian Newmark to develop the "Coasterphobia Stress Management Program."[2] The intent was to teach "coasterphobics" techniques that they could use before and during the ride to reduce their anxiety. The program included muscle tension and breathing techniques in line with other forms of anxiety management, and simulating specific sensations associated with riding rollercoasters, while in a controlled and safe environment. The program was successful with the initial test group.