what is the major constituent of a chromosome
Centromere The centromere is the specialized DNA sequence of a chromosome that links a pair of sister chromatids (a dyad).[1] During mitosis, spindle fibers attach to the centromere via the kinetochore.[2] Centromeres were first thought to be genetic loci that direct the behavior of chromosomes.
Homologous chromosome In metaphase I of meiosis I, the pairs of homologous chromosomes, also known as bivalents or tetrads, line up in a random order along the metaphase plate.[9] The random orientation is another way for cells to introduce genetic variation. Meiotic spindles emanating from opposite spindle poles attach to each of the homologs (each pair of sister chromatids) at the kinetochore.[7]