research that involves studying a single case in a long period of time is known as
Longitudinal study A longitudinal study (or longitudinal survey, or panel study) is a research design that involves repeated observations of the same variables (e.g., people) over short or long periods of time (i.e., uses longitudinal data). It is often a type of observational study, although they can also be structured as longitudinal randomized experiments.[1]
Reproducibility Reproducibility is the ability to get the same research results or inferences, based on the raw data and computer programs provided by researchers. A related concept is replicability, meaning the ability to independently achieve non identical conclusions that are at least similar, when differences in sampling, research procedures and data analysis methods may exist.[1] Reproducibility and replicability together are among the main beliefs of ‘the scientific method’ - with the concrete expressions of the ideal/idea of such a method varying considerably across research disciplines and fields of study [2].