where does the concept of law come from
The Concept of Law The Concept of Law (ISBNÂ 0-19-876122-8) is the most famous work of the legal philosopher H. L. A. Hart.[1] It was first published in 1961 and develops Hart's theory of legal positivism (the view that laws are rules made by human beings and that there is no inherent or necessary connection between law and morality) within the framework of analytic philosophy. In this work, Hart sets out to write an essay of descriptive sociology and analytical jurisprudence. The Concept of Law provides an explanation to a number of traditional jurisprudential questions such as "what is law?", "must laws be rules?", and "what is the relation between law and morality?". Hart answers these by placing law into a social context while at the same time leaving the capability for rigorous analysis of legal terms, which in effect "awakened English jurisprudence from its comfortable slumbers".[2] As a result Hart's book has remained "one of the most influential text of analytical legal philosophy",[3] as well as "the most successful work of analytical jurisprudence ever to appear in the common law world"[4]
International law The modern study of international law starts in the early 19th century, but its origins go back at least to the 16th century, and Alberico Gentili, Francisco de Vitoria and Hugo Grotius, the "fathers of international law."[9] Several legal systems developed in Europe, including the codified systems of continental European states and English common law, based on decisions by judges and not by written codes. Other areas developed differing legal systems, with the Chinese legal tradition dating back more than four thousand years, although at the end of the 19th century, there was still no written code for civil proceedings.[10] Some doubt the effectiveness of international law, as they see the implementation of international law as a policy option among others to tackle global dilemmas.[11] They say that international law must be evaluated with other, possibly more effective, international law options.[12]