which of the following organisms causes primary atypical pneumonia quizlet
Atypical pneumonia "Atypical pneumonia" is atypical in that it is caused by atypical organisms (other than Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis).[4] These atypical organisms include special bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa. In addition, this form of pneumonia is atypical in presentation with only moderate amounts of sputum, no consolidation, only small increases in white cell counts, and no alveolar exudate.[5][6] At the time that atypical pneumonia was first described, organisms like Mycoplasma, Chlamydophila, and Legionella were not yet recognized as bacteria and instead considered viruses. Hence "atypical pneumonia" was also called "non-bacterial".[7] In literature the term atypical pneumonia (contrasted with bacterial pneumonia) is still in use, though incorrect. Meanwhile, many such organisms are identified as bacteria, albeit unusual types (Mycoplasma is a type of bacteria without a cell wall and Chlamydias are intracellular parasites). As the conditions caused by these agents have different courses and respond to different treatments, the identification of the specific causative pathogen is important.
Streptococcal pharyngitis Strep throat is caused by group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus (GAS or S. pyogenes).[11] Other bacteria such as non–group A beta-hemolytic streptococci and fusobacterium may also cause pharyngitis.[8][10] It is spread by direct, close contact with an infected person; thus crowding, as may be found in the military and schools, increases the rate of transmission.[10][12] Dried bacteria in dust are not infectious, although moist bacteria on toothbrushes or similar items can persist for up to fifteen days.[10] Contaminated food can result in outbreaks, but this is rare.[10] Of children with no signs or symptoms, 12% carry GAS in their pharynx,[5] and, after treatment, approximately 15% of those remain positive, and are true "carriers".[13]