what are the main points of federalist 51
Federalist No. 51 The purpose of No. 51 is, according to Madison, to inform the reader of the safeguards created by the convention to maintain the separate branches of government and to protect the rights of the people and of the country.
Dual federalism The general consensus among scholars is that dual federalism ended during Franklin Rooseveltâ€™s presidency in 1937[32][33][34][35][36][37][38] when the New Deal policies were decided constitutional by the Supreme Court.[35] Industrialization, economic modernization, and conditions surrounding the Great Depression elevated commerce to a more national level, so there was an overlap in the powers of the federal government and the states.[38][39] The federal government, using the Commerce Clause,[36][38] passed national policies to regulate the economy.[32] The Interstate Commerce Act and Sherman Antitrust Act solidified Congress's authority to regulate commerce between states and expanded its role.[21] This, in addition to the New Deal policies, led to the federal government and the states working together more, ending the era of dual federalism and moving America into cooperative federalism.