who classified personality as extroverts introverts and ambiverts
Extraversion and introversion The trait of extraversion–introversion is a central dimension of human personality theories. The terms introversion and extraversion were popularized by Carl Jung,[1] although both the popular understanding and psychological usage differ from his original intent. Extraversion tends to be manifested in outgoing, talkative, energetic behavior, whereas introversion is manifested in more reserved and solitary behavior.[2] Virtually all comprehensive models of personality include these concepts in various forms. Examples include the Big Five model, Jung's analytical psychology, Hans Eysenck's three-factor model, Raymond Cattell's 16 personality factors, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, and the Myers–Briggs Type Indicator.
Big Five personality traits In addition, emerging methodologies challenged this point of view during the 1980s. Instead of trying to predict single instances of behavior, which was unreliable, researchers found that they could predict patterns of behavior by aggregating large numbers of observations.[55] As a result, correlations between personality and behavior increased substantially, and it was clear that "personality" did in fact exist.[56] Personality and social psychologists now generally agree that both personal and situational variables are needed to account for human behavior.[57] Trait theories became justified, and there was a resurgence of interest in this area.[58] In the 1980s, Lewis Goldberg started his own lexical project, emphasizing five broad factors once again.[59] He later coined the term "Big Five" as a label for the factors.