黏多糖是带阴性电荷的多聚物，重要的黏多糖有硫酸皮肤素（dermatansulfate，DS）、硫酸肝素（heparansulfate，HS）、硫酸角质素（keratansulfate，KS）、硫酸软骨素（chondroitinsulfate，CS）及透明质酸（hyaluronicacid，HA）等，前3种是黏多糖病的主要病理性黏多糖。
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