Topel统计欧洲37个肾移植中心总结286例＜15岁儿童肾移植病例其终末期肾病的分布：慢性肾小球肾炎52.3%，慢性肾盂肾炎20.8%，遗传性肾病8.0%，血管性肾病4.5%，多囊肾3.0%，药物性肾病2.4%，先天性肾发育不全1.6%，其他（包括胱氨酸沉积症、草酸盐沉积症、Alport综合征及溶血尿毒综合征）7.4%。
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