因先天遗传因素，如先天性基因突变（mutation）、缺失（deletion）等所致免疫功能缺陷病称为原发性免疫缺陷病（primaryimmunodeficiencydiseases，PID），若因后天因素（理化因素、感染因素、营养因素、疾病因素、生理发育不成熟以及老年退化等）所致免疫缺陷称为继发性免疫缺陷病（secondaryimmunodeficiencydisease，SID）。
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