【病因】慢性肾衰竭的病因以各种原发性及继发性肾小球肾炎占首位，其次为泌尿系统先天畸形（如肾发育不良，先天性多囊肾，膀胱输尿管反流等）及遗传性疾病（如遗传性肾炎，肾髓质囊性病，Fanconi综合征等）。
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