如脑炎后（如昏睡性脑炎）、神经棘红细胞病、脑血管病、颅脑外伤、脑肿瘤、脑软化灶、中毒性损害（一氧化碳中毒和锰中毒）以及神经梅毒等造成纹状体损害时均可出现抽动样运动障碍（tic-likedyskinesias）。
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