【诊断与鉴别诊断】如患儿有外周化脓性病灶，特别是中耳炎、乳突炎、皮肤感染或败血症，或有青紫型先天性心脏病或感染性心内膜炎，或有开放性颅脑损伤等病史，一旦出现中枢神经系统症候，即应考虑脑脓肿的可能性，及时进行CT或MRI检查可明确诊断。
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