（二）病原体几乎所有种类的细菌均可导致感染性心内膜炎，草绿色链球菌仍为最常见的致病菌，但所占比例已显著下降，近年来金黄色葡萄球菌、白色葡萄球菌、肠球菌、产气杆菌等革兰阴性杆菌引起的感染性心内膜炎显著增多，真菌性心内膜炎极少见。
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