中枢神经系统慢感染可分为两类：①慢病毒感染（slowvirusinfection），由传统的病毒引起；②非传统病毒引起的慢感染（slowinfectionswithunconventionalviruses），病原体很小，但与一般病毒的结构不同，其所引起的疾病统称为可传播性海绵样脑病（transmissiblespongiformencephalopathies），又称为朊蛋白病（priondiseases），包括疯牛（羊）病和人类克-雅病（Creutzfeldt-Jakobdisease，CJD）及库鲁（Kuru）病。
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