巨幼红细胞性贫血应与红白血病、先天性脑发育不全症鉴别，红白血病时恶性巨幼红细胞中糖原染色（PAS）呈现巨大PAS阳性颗粒，而巨幼红细胞性贫血时却无此种表现；先天性脑发育不全的智力障碍发生于出生时，而巨幼红细胞性贫血者的智力下降是继发的，出生时智力正常，不难鉴别。
B-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis O O B-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis O B-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis O O O B-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis O B-bod I-bod I-bod I-bod I-bod I-bod I-bod O B-bod I-bod I-bod I-bod O B-bod I-bod I-bod O O O B-sym I-sym I-sym I-sym I-sym I-sym I-sym I-sym I-sym O O B-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis O O O O O O O O B-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis O B-sym I-sym I-sym I-sym O O O O O O O O B-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis O B-sym I-sym I-sym I-sym O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O