直接和间接损伤以及氧自由基、蛋白酶、细胞因子、花生四烯酸代谢产物以及高荷电产物（如中性粒细胞主要阳离子蛋白）等可以改变膜屏障的通透性；ARDS时，液体清除障碍主要为渗出性肺水肿。
O O O O O O O O O B-bod I-bod I-bod I-bod O B-bod I-bod I-bod O B-bod I-bod I-bod I-bod O B-bod I-bod I-bod I-bod I-bod I-bod I-bod I-bod I-bod O O B-bod I-bod I-bod I-bod I-bod O O B-bod I-bod I-bod I-bod I-bod I-bod I-bod I-bod I-bod I-bod I-bod I-bod O O O O O O B-bod I-bod I-bod O O O O O B-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis O O O O O O O O O O O B-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis I-dis O