Exceptionally heavy and frequent rains during the winter across the centre of the country produce the wettest year for which reliable records are available at Santiago and Valparaíso, both of which receive more than twice their normal rainfall, with Quinta Normal recording 819 mm Paskoff, Roland P.; ‘Geomorphological Processes and Characteristic Landforms in the Mediterranean Regions of the World’; Mediterranean Type Ecosystems; in Ecological Studies, Volume 7, 1973, pp 53–60