Para peneliti dalam studi hubungan antara faktor makanan, medis, dan gaya hidup dengan kerapatan pigmen macular, membuktikan bahwa lutein dan zeaxanthine terbanyak menyumbang keragaman kerapatan pigmen macular.
The researchers in the study of relationship between food, medical, and life style factors with macular pigment density proved that lutein and zeaxanthine contributed a lot in diversity of macular pigment density.