Hello out there science nerds, you're listening to evolving with mr. V a weekly podcast that covers the week that was in AP dual credit biology and much more. I'm your host. Mr. Oscar Velasquez, your master of the biological arcs. And this is officially episode 19 week 19 of the 2019 2020 School Year and a happy MLK Day to you and here's to hoping that you're enjoying your day off as we remember theGreat marther Luther King jr. And this week's podcast. We will recap the week of January 13th through the 17th and AP dual credit biology and look forward to the coming week as well spoilers cell communication and DNA exam on Wednesday and Thursday of this week in this week second segment. I'll give some advice and hints for the upcoming exam and announce a study session for all those who might need a little bit extra help on this upcoming chapter 11 and chapter 6 Teen exam that once again is happening this week in our final segment. We continue with the new part of the podcast called five questions with mr. V. Well our interview our third guest and ask five questions to get to know our guests just a little bit better and this week's guest is someone from the Johnson community. So stay tuned. Now before we begin the podcast we need to hear from our sponsor in a segment I call mr. V needs to buy some new bow ties. This episode is brought to you by Ligase, hey, are you tired of that? We clue trying to hold your formal lab posters together fustrated about that. Lane tape. That's just not keeping your AP biology binder together for that extra credit check. Well say goodbye to those subpar adhesives and try DNA ligase. That's right. DNA ligase is here to join and hold anything you need to put together from newly synthesized DNA strands to okazaki fragments its strong phosphodiester covalent bonds will get the job done. Done. So forget glue tape, even that gorilla super glue. Next time you need to hold your life together use DNA ligase DNA ligase is an enzyme that must be stored in its optimal temperature and pH for maximum Effectiveness and avoid denature ization and we're back. So let's go ahead and hit that. We wind button and review the week that was an AP dual credit biology on this second week of the second semester. We focus on DNA replication. So let's go ahead and highlight. All the major players involved in the process and replicating DNA into two double helixes. So the start of DNA replication begins at species specific sites in DNA called origins of replication where DNA replication will begin in our first major player enzyme is introduced, which is DNA helicase in step one called unzipping in this step to hilah cases will bind at the origin of replication site and perform. Two tasks unwind the DNA and separate the two strands of the DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds holding the nitrogen bases together. They will move in opposite directions forming a replication bubble with two replication forks working in opposite directions. Now helping in this step of unzipping RSS BPS single stranded binding proteins, which hold the two strands that have been separated apart as they begin to be replicated now step two is is of DNA and our major player enzyme here is DNA polymerase 3 now because DNA strands run antiparallel to each other each strand will be replicated in a different manner one strand called the leading strand will be synthesized in one continuous manner with DNA polymerase 3 adding nitrogen bases to the template strand making the new DNA strand and a 5 to 3 Direction adding bases to a 3 Prime exposed end of a DNA nucleotide it follows the movement of the opening replication fork following the complementary base pairing rules adenine with thymine and guanine with cytosine. However, before DNA polymerase 3 begins an RNA primer must be laid down by an enzyme called primase it lays down the RNA nucleotide sequence about 10 bases and leaves a 3 Prime end exposed to allow DNA polymerase 3 to attack. And begin synthesizing the new DNA strand in that 5 to 3 Prime fashion. Now, the other strand of DNA will not be able to be synthesized in one continuous manner due to it running the opposite direction. So DNA polymerase 3 on this strand will be working moving away from the replication fork synthesizing the new DNA in fragments called okazaki fragments. This strand is referred to as the lagging strand. And now primase only needs to lay down one RNA primer for the leading strand, but we'll need to lay down several RNA primers for the lagging strand one for every okazaki fragments. Now as DNA synthesis continues additional players enzymes come in to accomplish tasks like DNA polymerase 1, which is responsible for replacing the RNA primer laid down by primates with DNA nucleotides. Now the last Step of DNA replication is joining the nucleotides and our major player enzyme here is DNA ligase, which forms the strong phosphodiester covalent bonds between the sugar and phosphates of nucleotides forming a stable DNA double helix, DNA ligase also ensures okazaki fragments are joined on the lagging strand producing one continuous DNA strand now during DNA replication. Russian DNA tends to be at its most vulnerable and prone to mutations, but the cell has a kind of proofreading kind of a spellcheck mechanism to correct possible mutations or errors in DNA. Now this proofreading mechanism job goes primarily to DNA polymerase 2 along with some other proteins and nuclease which is like a pair of scissors. Now first DNA polymerase II finds the error then nucleus cuts a section where the Station is located. Then DNA polymerase 2 fills in the correct DNA nucleotides. And finally DNA ligase comes in and joins the nucleotides with covalent phosphodiester bonds. Now one last major enzyme performing a crucial task is typo isomerase an enzyme found Upstream of DNA helicase. Now remember as DNA helicase unwinds the double helix, the Twisted ladder the twisting tends to go Upstream. I'm causing super twisting tension and stress which can damage the DNA but fear not that damage for typos isomerase helps relieve the stress and tension by relaxing that super twisting occurring Upstream of the DNA helicase and preventing that DNA damage. Well folks that was our main focus for the weekend a pedo credit Balaji. Make sure you go back and re chapter 16 to continue to build that depth and understanding Of our DNA content. Now, let's go ahead and do a quick rundown of the activities and events that we did for the week students this week worked on their DNA origami and turned in their masterpieces on Wednesday. And I got to say your DNA origamis were fantastic living 11, perfect hundreds and several A's and only a few bees so job. Well done. Make sure to check out the podcast Instagram page to view those perfect hundreds students this Weak also took two quizzes one on Wednesday over DNA structure function history and replication and another quiz over telomeres on Friday students got back their DNA quiz on Friday, make sure to use that as a study tool for this upcoming exam students who missed the telomere quiz, make sure to make up that quiz by Tuesday morning or Tuesday after school one last activity for the week was starting to learn how to use a very essential tool when it comes to studying DNA. And biotechnology, which is a micropipette. ER we had time to just introduce it discuss how to hold it and adjust the micropipette ER but will continue learning and practicing pipetting with it on Tuesday. Well those were some of the main activities and events and Concepts covered in the week that was in AP dual credit biology and now for our second segment where I'll share Some advice and hints for the upcoming exam over chapter 11. So communication and chapter 16 everything DNA. So here's my first nugget of advice now while my notes are pretty awesome. They are very leaner in sequence and are not very interactive or eye-catching. So the first thing you should do is rewrite your notes, but in a different manner, like maybe creating a sketch notes version of it, which I have shown and given a couple of examples Of throughout the year, so that should help you maybe form your version of sketch notes or try converting your notes into concept Maps flowcharts Venn diagrams. These would also provide more active ways to process your notes. I also recommend maybe creating graphic organizers diagrams or even just summarizing a note outline into your own words. This can help you not just remember but understand Concepts, so in other words if you're not writing you're not Studying another nugget of advice talk say it out loud verbally speak your notes to fellow colleagues or just to yourself. Even if you have to maybe just explain or talk to your favorite stuffed animal or stuffed character. Maybe a baby Yoda, you know doing this can definitely help you kind of make sure that you're making sense when it comes to the content also tri-forming a study group of individuals that will communicate with you. This is another effective way. To study if you could reach the point where you can explain or teach a concept to someone, you know, you got it down. So if you're not talking you're not studying one last nugget of advice quiz yourself and have others quiz you as well. If you only quiz yourself you tend to only ask questions you could answer but having someone else quiz, you can ensure that all concepts are being touched on and that you are being challenged also as you review past quizzes. Look at the diagrams pictures and images and think about what other questions could be asked or how questions can be changed to check understanding of those Concepts at different levels. Okay. So those were some good study tips. Now how about some hints for the upcoming exam? Well for staying go back and check out some past episodes of evolving with mr. V. Don't forget to review the latest content over telomeres and telomerase and the summaries of the research. Goes over the various environmental effects on telomere length, in addition revisit. The video can stress kill you for you just might see a question or two over the video One Last hint as always read your chapter 11 and chapter 16 on mastering Biology.com. One last hint for the upcoming exam. Don't stress too much. Don't shorten your telomeres over the history of DNA. You will probably only see one maybe two questions. Turns over that content, so don't stress about it. Just do a quick review of your notes and you should be good. And now for a special announcement on Tuesday after school from 4:30 to 5:00 15, there will be a study session for those students who might just want to hang out and get your study on maybe make some concept Maps some flowcharts, maybe even quiz each other all things that will help us be successful on that upcoming exam. Once again study session choose the after-school 432 5:15. And now for our final segment five questions with mr. V where I will ask five questions to our special guest to get to know them just a little bit better than this week's guest is a fellow colleague a fantastic educator. Mr. Morra, welcome to five questions with mr. V. And today we have a special guest a fellow teacher fellow colleague a beloved teacher who goes out of his way to help out not only his it's but fellow teachers as well, especially when it comes to any technology issues that arise around campus and believe me. There's always beef with technology at this school. So without further Ado, let's give a warm welcome to mr. Morra. Mr. Warren. Can you tell us a little bit about yourself to maybe to the audience? Yes. I am super excited to be here. I'm a big fan of the podcast. So when my mr. V ask me or when you asked me that was it was awesome. So yeah, so I've been teaching / - 11 11 12 years about somewhere in there. I took a few breaks depending on where the military moved us. And when we had to move and my ability to get a job there. So yeah, I've taught I started teaching at New Braunfels High School. That's where I got my my feet wet into this career and I knew since the first day that I have the kids staring at me that I could do this after I got past maybe the first 15 20 minutes of being nervous. I knew hey man, this is I got this this is is this was good and the kids over there where real fun to work with and be around and so yeah. I knew I hit my stride once I started teaching all rival excellent exit. I always hear great things when it comes to come to my students and I asked him about all you know, chemistry questions. They're always like oh, yeah. Mr. Moore has great. Okay. Well, let's go ahead and begin of my first question for you. So I know you were in the military and I know that you've been deployed assigned pretty much all over the world. What are some of the places that you've been in when it comes to the military Places that you've been assigned, okay. So when I decided to join the military, I thought you know, I wanted to see the world and I got to see a bunch of Texas. So first first off I got to see Wichita Falls which is if you've ever been there that's where Sheppard Air Force bases at. So I saw that and of course San Antonio and while I was active duty, I got deployed to Guantanamo Bay and that was a different it was a different time was before 9/11. So this was Mid-90s and that's of course the naval base out. There. They take a little piece of Cuba there and it was awesome. So we were helping out refugees Cuban refugees that were trying to get over to Florida on these makeshift rafts and and Haitians as well. So I dealt with the Cuban refugees because I got to use my Spanish and I translated with them and and so it was it was great work two days on two days off and it was like a vacation when I got to scuba dive and Article on my days off and I had a beach was clear water. It was it was awesome. So I got to do that and then while when I got out, of course my wife stayed in and you know, we had two kids at the time and when we had our third we got sent over to Alabama and that was a that was a little fun and then of course I taught there and then we went to Alaska as a family by that time we had four kids and then and then now we're back here also from all those places. As which one which one is your favorite if you could go back to one of them? Which one would it be? Would it be Cuba? No, I'd be Alaska last I love the last. Yeah, so you love that cold weather. I do I do there's a lot to do if you don't like cold weather of course don't go there but there's so much stuff to do he can you know, snowmobile take the kids out all the time in the snow snow fights snow snow men all over the place and ice fishing. We went camping outside. My oldest daughter even did a Camp out with church and and she did a snow cave. So they slept in a snow cave. I didn't want to do that. But she enjoyed it kind of sort of but it was something she can say. Hey I did that and so yeah, there's just so much to do there. Just I love how open the spaces are how clear clean air is how fresh it is and and all the wildlife. I just loved it out there. Well, so well, I've actually we went on a cruise to Alaska and it was I love that cruise to Alaska be ridiculous. You're big. A a Sasquatch Iran and some other places and it is beautiful just as my catching. Okay, next question after your military service what you know, you had options like what made you decide, you know teaching teaching is the route I want to go into so this is funny. I knew I wanted to teach probably about my fourth or now is about my six-year active duty. I was I was working at Lackland and and we in process the basic trainees and so I had to stand In front of 36 40 young men and women at a time and I was I had a I was very afraid of speaking publicly. And so the good thing about that is they wanted us yell so I could get through the nervousness just by yelling at him and and after about a week or so of that I calm down and and and you still had to yell at him because you know, they don't know what they're doing. They're like deer in headlights like the third day of basic training, but I was able to you know, just help them out and teach them and and and that was my biggest thing. NG was you know my fear of speaking in public. So once I got through that it was awesome. I knew I loved, you know being in front of people. I love I don't I wouldn't I'd hate being in front of a desk, you know in the lab or something like that without you know interaction of people so, you know, I always have fun at the kids I teach and even adults if we're working together. So, you know, this is just this is just a great fit for me. Well, my next is why chemistry, I mean we know biology rules and you know, it's the top science like Why chemistry like was that your first love or is it something you just got pushed into? Well, it's a little bit of both. I you know, I've always I would say I was intimidated by chemistry when I first started taking it as a young young guy and and you know was the math the math always threw me off. I would I would know how to do it, but I would make a simple mistake, you know, I would subtract something instead he adding it or or flip my grams to moles or whatever and so you know once I got That down, you know after teaching it it's it comes easy to me now, but you know when I decide to go into teaching I knew to get back to your question that being you know, part of a military family and supporting my wife and kids. I'd have a job that I could go everywhere our certification that I could use anywhere I went so I put it at down as a general science any type of general science certification I could get meaning I could teach any science anywhere I went and it served me. Well, I've taught You know when I was at New Braunfels, I taught biology and IPC. So I did that. I got my feet wet doing that and I've always taught some type of biology, you know being an enemy physiology or or ecology zoology then never chemistry and I always wanted that was always a something I wanted to teach and I actually had when I got back. I got a job offer at Jetson to teach chemistry and then dr. Burton lady called me for an interview and it was one of those moments where the stars aligned and and I told her hey, Hey, you know, I've got a job interview. I've got a job position already. I don't want to rush you but I need to know, you know, if I get the job and she called me back maybe hour after I got home and she told me I'd be teaching chemistry. So I was super excited and Johnson change forever. That's right. Excellent. Well, my next question has a science has some biology to it, you know if DNA technology and you know, there's this Quest 9 enzyme which class we're going to talk about soon, you know is allowing us to now do a lot more genetic engineering if you could go To your DNA and edit your genes. Is there a gene a characteristic of physical trait that you would change about yourself? Well, yeah, I thought I saw this guy saw it sounds question email it to me. And I thought man, this is perfect timing because this is this is Cedar fever time and for me if I could find the gene that makes me allergic to anything. I would just blow it out of the sky and get rid of it if I could do that because I'm miserable this time of the year. So if I could change anything about me, it would be it. Would be to get rid of whatever that Gene that marker is that makes me allergic to see their well, I think there's a lot of students out there that would agree with you because I have several that are allergic to Mountain Cedar. My time will come I'm allergic to Oak and that Oaks going to come in Spring. Okay here a final question, you know with us with the year and Dean, you know, there was a lot of stuff in 2019 a lot of good movies a lot of good shows. What would you what would you say is your favorite movie or tiresias TV series that you saw that you loved in? 19 well, I think the one that stands out is the Mandalorian. I just I just love that. I love seeing the baby Yoda in our house. We've been using bro for everything. So we call him baby Broda. And so, you know everything it's like all right, let's go, it's Friday. Let's go see what Brody is going to do and the kids get all excited and we all watch together and seeing him, you know as a baby walking around is awesome. So and the backstory is great. So and you know, I kind of grew up on Star Wars. So anything Star Wars, I love it. So Yeah, that would be that would be the series, you know that I would recommend for 2019. You know, anything Marvel of course would be up there as well. So yeah, well, I would agree the Mandalorian. I've told my students several times one of the best shows definitely great show that all students should be checking out. Well, thank you. Mr. Moore. I know you're a busy person. But thank you for stopping by and thank you for being on five questions with mr. V Austin. It's been an honor. Thank you. Once again, I want to thank mr. Remora for taking the time out of his busy schedule and answering five questions with mr. V. Hey, are you interested in getting interviewed and being a guest on five questions with mr. V if so, send me a message on your moto or email me at ovalis at an ISD dotnet that you are interested in. I'll keep you in consideration for being a future guest on five questions with mr. V and now for a couple of reminders for the week exam and frq. In on Wednesday and Thursday, Wednesday is frq day Thursday multiple choice day over cell communication and DNA and don't forget study session on Tuesday after school from 4:30 to 5:00 15 for those that might want to hang with others to get your study on. Don't forget the podcast now has an Instagram page called evolving with mr. V. So go ahead and follow the podcast on Instagram and give me some likes give me some comments. Well that brings us to an End of episode 19 wait 19 of evolving with mr. V. I hope you found this podcast informative and somewhat entertaining. I want to thank free music archive and sound Bible for the music and sound effects on the podcast this podcast was written produced and recorded by velázquez Productions. Once again, don't forget to like subscribe and comment on the podcasts on your podcast listening platform. Feel free to email me at oval has a 10 SD dotnet. We have any comments or feedback. Backs and follow me on Twitter AT AP biology. Mr. V. Well, this is your host. Mr. Oscar Velasquez your master of the biological Arts signing off and reminding you to please please for your professor sake study for the upcoming exam study.
In this week's episode we look back at the 2nd week of the 2nd Semester and review the biggest concepts and activities over DNA Replication that were covered in class. In our 2nd segment I share some advice on ways to study and hints for the upcoming Ch. 11 and Ch. 16 Exam...Furthermore I announce a Study Session taking place to help those students who might want some extra help studying for the Upcoming Cell Communication and DNA Exam. In addition, in our new segment in the podcast called 5 Questions with Mr. V...I'll interview another special guest a hero, educator, and around great person Mr. Mora and ask him 5 questions so the audience gets to know him just a little bit better. Remember to subscribe, like, and please comment on the podcast on your podcast listening platform. Students can always contact me and communicate  with me via the Edmodo course website or APP. If you have questions you would like Mr. V to answer please e-mail me the questions or send them on Edmodo or Twitter. Also follow the new Instagram Page for the podcast "Evolving with Mr. V". I want to thank you for listening...I am your Host Mr. Oscar Velasquez "Master of the Biological Arts". Have a Great Week and May the Force be With You...I have Spoken. Big Shout Out to Free Music Achieve and SoundBible for the music and sound effects in the podcast. 