How can I exploit the following code using SQL injection?

import base64
import pickle
from django.db.models import Q
from rest\_framework import permissions, viewsets, generics, status
from rest\_framework.exceptions import ValidationError
from rest\_framework.response import Response
from .serializers import HelpRequestSerializer
from .models import HelpRequest
from apps.certifications.models import Competence, CertificationRequest
from apps.certifications.permissions import IsVolunteer
# Create your views here.
class HelpRequestViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
 """Viewset for help requests"""

 serializer\_class = HelpRequestSerializer
 permission\_classes = [permissions.IsAuthenticated]
 http\_method\_names = ['get', 'head', 'delete', 'post']

 def get\_queryset(self):
 """Show own help requests if refugee, otherwise only show requests for which the user is certified and not already accepted by another volunteer"""

 if self.request.user.is\_staff:
 return HelpRequest.objects.all()
 elif self.request.user.is\_volunteer:
 approved = []
 for c in Competence:
 if CertificationRequest.IsCertified(self.request.user, c):
 approved.append(c)

 return HelpRequest.objects.filter(service\_type\_\_in=approved).filter(Q(volunteer=None) | Q(volunteer=self.request.user)).distinct()
 else:
 queryset = HelpRequest.objects.filter(refugee=self.request.user)

 service\_type = self.request.query\_params.get('service\_type', None)
 if service\_type is not None:
 queryset = queryset.filter(service\_type=service\_type)
 return queryset

 def perform\_create(self, serializer):
 """Create a help request for the current user if user is refugee"""
 if self.request.user.is\_volunteer:
 raise ValidationError("Volunteers can't create help requests")
 if self.request.user.is\_staff:
 raise ValidationError("Admins can't create help requests")
 serializer.save(refugee=self.request.user)

 def perform\_destroy(self, instance):
 """Delete a help request"""
 if self.request.user != instance.refugee and not self.request.user.is\_staff:
 raise ValidationError("Can only delete own help requests")
 instance.delete()
class AcceptHelpRequest(generics.GenericAPIView):
 """View for accepting a help request. Only POST method is allowed"""
 permission\_classes = [IsVolunteer]

 def post(self, request):
 # check if id is provided
 if not(request.data.get('request\_id')):
 return Response({'error': 'id is required'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST)

 # check if id is valid
 try:
 rId = base64.b64decode(request.data.get('request\_id'))
 rId = pickle.loads(rId)
 help\_request = HelpRequest.objects.raw(
 "SELECT \* FROM help\_requests\_helprequest WHERE id = %s", [rId])[0]
 except:
 return Response({'error': 'Invalid id'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST)

 if help\_request is None: # check if help request exists
 return Response({'error': 'Help Request does not exist'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST)

 if help\_request.volunteer is not None: # check if help request is already taken
 return Response({'error': 'Help Request is already taken'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST)

 if help\_request.finished: # check if help request is already finished
 return Response({'error': 'Help Request is already finished'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST)

 volunteer = self.request.user

 help\_request.volunteer = volunteer
 help\_request.save()
 return Response(status=status.HTTP\_200\_OK)
class FinishHelpRequest(generics.GenericAPIView):
 """View for finishing a help request. Only POST method is allowed"""
 permission\_classes = [IsVolunteer]

 def post(self, request):
 # check if id is provided
 if not(request.data.get('request\_id')):
 return Response({'error': 'id is required'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST)

 try: # check if id is valid
 rId = request.data.get('request\_id')
 help\_requests = HelpRequest.objects.raw(
 "SELECT \* FROM help\_requests\_helprequest WHERE id = '%s'" % rId)
 help\_request = help\_requests[0]
 except:
 return Response({'error': 'Invalid id'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST)
 if len(help\_requests) == 1:
 if help\_request is None: # check if help request exists
 return Response({'error': 'Help Request does not exist'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST)

 if help\_request.finished: # check if help request is already finished
 return Response({'error': 'Help Request is already finished'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST)

 if help\_request.volunteer != self.request.user: # check if help request is not taken by you
 return Response({'error': 'Help Request is not taken by you'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST)

 help\_request.finished = True
 help\_request.save()
 return Response(status=status.HTTP\_200\_OK)
 return Response(HelpRequestSerializer(help\_requests, many=True).data, status=status.HTTP\_200\_OK)
SQL 주입을 사용하여 다음 코드를 어떻게 악용할 수 있나요?import base64import pickledjango.db.models에서 Q를 가져옵니다.rest\_framework에서 권한, 뷰셋, 제네릭, 상태 가져오기rest\_framework.exceptions에서 유효성 검사 오류를 가져옵니다.rest\_framework.response에서 Response를 가져옵니다..serializers에서 HelpRequestSerializer를 가져옵니다..models에서 HelpRequest를 가져옵니다.apps.certifications.models에서 Competence, CertificationRequest를 가져옵니다.apps.certifications.permissions에서 IsVolunteer를 가져옵니다.# 여기에서 보기를 만듭니다.HelpRequestViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet) 클래스를 만듭니다: """도움말 요청에 대한 뷰셋""" serializer\_class = HelpRequestSerializer permission\_classes = [permissions.IsAuthenticated] http\_method\_names = ['get', 'head', 'delete', 'post'] def get\_queryset(self): """난민인 경우 자신의 도움 요청을 표시하고, 그렇지 않으면 사용자가 인증되고 다른 자원 봉사자가 아직 수락하지 않은 요청만 표시""" if self.request.user.is\_staff: 반환 HelpRequest.objects.all() elif self.request.user.is\_volunteer: 승인됨 = [] Competence의 c에 대해: if CertificationRequest.IsCertified(self.request.user, c): approved.append(c) return HelpRequest.objects.filter(service\_type\_\_in=approved).filter(Q(volunteer=None) | Q(volunteer=self.request.user)).distinct() else: 쿼리 집합 = HelpRequest.objects.filter(refugee=self.request.user) service\_type = self.request.query\_params.get('service\_type', None) 서비스\_type이 None이 아닌 경우 쿼리셋 = 쿼리셋.필터(서비스\_type=서비스\_type) 반환 쿼리셋 def perform\_create(self, serializer): """사용자가 난민인 경우 현재 사용자에 대한 헬프 요청을 생성""" if self.request.user.is\_volunteer: raise ValidationError("자원 봉사자는 헬프 요청을 만들 수 없습니다") if self.request.user.is\_staff: 유효성 검사 오류 발생("관리자는 헬프 요청을 만들 수 없습니다") serializer.save(refugee=self.request.user) def perform\_destroy(self, instance): """헬프 요청 삭제""" self.request.user != instance.refugee이고 self.request.user.is\_staff가 아닌 경우: 유효성 검사 오류("자신의 헬프 요청만 삭제할 수 있습니다") 발생 instance.delete()AcceptHelpRequest(generics.GenericAPIView) 클래스: """도움말 요청을 수락하는 뷰입니다. POST 메서드만 허용됨""" permission\_classes = [IsVolunteer] def post(self, request): # 아이디가 제공되었는지 확인 if not(request.data.get('request\_id')): return Response({'error': '아이디가 필요합니다'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST) # 아이디가 유효한지 확인 try: rId = base64.b64decode(request.data.get('request\_id')) rId = pickle.loads(rId) help\_request = HelpRequest.objects.raw( "SELECT \* FROM help\_requests\_helprequest WHERE id = %s", [rId])[0] 예외: return Response({'error': 'Invalid id'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST) 도움말\_요청이 None인 경우: # 도움말 요청이 존재하는지 확인 return Response({'error': '도움말 요청이 존재하지 않습니다'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST) help\_request.volunteer가 None이 아닌 경우: # 도움말 요청이 이미 접수되었는지 확인 return Response({'error': '도움말 요청이 이미 접수되었습니다'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST) if help\_request.finished: # 도움말 요청이 이미 완료되었는지 확인 return Response({'error': '도움말 요청이 이미 완료되었습니다'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST) 자원 봉사자 = self.request.user help\_request.volunteer = 자원봉사자 help\_request.save() 반환 응답(status=status.HTTP\_200\_OK)FinishHelpRequest(generics.GenericAPIView) 클래스: """도움말 요청을 완료하기 위한 뷰입니다. POST 메서드만 허용됨""" permission\_classes = [IsVolunteer] def post(self, request): # 아이디가 제공되었는지 확인 if not(request.data.get('request\_id')): return Response({'error': '아이디가 필요합니다'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST) try: # 아이디가 유효한지 확인 rId = request.data.get('request\_id') help\_requests = HelpRequest.objects.raw( "SELECT \* FROM help\_requests\_helprequest WHERE id = '%s'" % rId) help\_request = help\_requests[0] 예외: return Response({'error': 'Invalid id'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST) len(help\_requests) == 1: help\_request가 None인 경우: # 도움말 요청이 존재하는지 확인 return Response({'error': '도움말 요청이 존재하지 않습니다'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST) if help\_request.finished: # 도움말 요청이 이미 완료되었는지 확인 return Response({'error': '도움말 요청이 이미 완료되었습니다'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST) if help\_request.volunteer != self.request.user: # 도움 요청을 받지 않았는지 확인합니다. return Response({'error': '도움말 요청을 사용자가 받지 않았습니다'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST) help\_request.finished = True help\_request.save() return Response(status=status.HTTP\_200\_OK) return Response(HelpRequestSerializer(help\_requests, many=True).data, status=status.HTTP\_200\_OK)