The "" ("National Anthem of Peru"; also known as "," or "National March of Peru"; "", or "We are free!") is the national anthem of Peru. It was composed by José Bernardo Alcedo, and its lyrics were written by José de la Torre Ugarte in 1821.

History

Public contest of 1821

After Peru declared its independence, the general José de San Martín began a public contest to select the National March, which was published on 7 August 1821 in the ministerial gazette. The contest called upon professors of poetry, composers and general aficionados, to send their signed productions to the Ministry of the State before 18 September, the day in which a designated commission would decide which of them would be adopted as the "National March".

Seven compositions were entered, and on a prefixed day, they were reviewed and played in the following order:
The band musician major from the "Numancia" Battalion
That of master José Bernardo Alcedo
That of master Guapaya
That of master Tena
That of master 
That of Father Aguilar, master of the Augustine Chapel
Another entry of master José Bernardo Alcedo, at the behest of a brother of the Convent of Saint Domingo

After hearing the last production of José Bernardo Alcedo, General José de San Martín stood up and exclaimed, "Without a doubt, this is the National Anthem of Peru." The following day, a signed decree confirmed this opinion expressed in the midst of great enthusiasm and jubilation. The anthem was first performed publicly in the night of 23 September 1821 in the Theater of Lima, in the presence of San Martín and the supporters of independence, who on that day were once more gathered in the capital. The voice of Rosa Merino, was the first to sing the lyrics to the anthem, from the original verses from the poet José de la Torre Ugarte from Ica. Upon hearing the music and the lyrics of the National Anthem for the first time, the audience responded with a standing ovation directed at Alcedo, who conducted the orchestra.

Arrangements and modifications
Diverse publications of the anthem had subtle modifications in the lyrics and the music, which was then restored by Claudio Rebagliati in 1869 at the behest of Alcedo. In 1874 there was a solicitation which asked for a revision to the lyrics of the anthem, in light of the various versions in circulation, as well as the minor mistakes which were found. This initiative was approved, but did not prosper, due to the rejection that it generated in the public opinion at its core and the recognition that it had already become a time honored tradition.

In 1901 there was another intent to reform the anthem, this time approved by the administration of Eduardo López de Romaña, who approved of the music of the restored anthem by Rebagliati. He declared a new contest to select new lyrics as he considered the original lyrics as aggressive towards Spain, which at the time had amiable relations with Peru. The winner of the contest was the poet José Santos Chocano, whose verses along with the same chorus went on to be sung in public schools and in public venues. The lyrics also had references to the great South American liberator hero Simón Bolívar as well as José de San Martín, the nation's founder, in the first verse.

It was not long until public opinion once again asked for the original lyrics to be restored. Public pressure was so great that the Peruvian Congress was obligated in 1913 during the administration of President Guillermo Billinghurst to declare untouchable the lyrics as well as the chorus of the National Anthem.

In 1954, at the behest of Raúl Porras Barrenechea, Chabuca Granda composed a new replacement for the first verse in the anthem, but this was never implemented:

The last attempts to change the anthem were first during the administration of General Juan Velasco Alvarado who attempted to change the second and third stanzas. In similar form to previous attempts, it was imposed during official ceremonies and in schools and during the administration of General President Francisco Morales Bermudez the last stanza was sung instead of the first. But these attempts also had no success and the original anthem was once again sung when his successor Fernando Belaunde Terry became President in 1980.

Officialization of the sung verse
The Constitutional Tribunal determined in June 2005 that the first stanza in the anthem (Largo tiempo...) was not written by José de la Torre Ugarte and that was just a popular folklore, but its insertion into the history of the anthem expressed the will of the people represented in Law N° 1801 passed by Congress which declares it an intangible subject. The Constitutional Tribunal also verified that the fifth stanza had been excluded in the original anthem and considering author's rights and the integrity of the piece, it was ordered that the fifth stanza be restored into the official anthem as the sixth stanza with a total of seven stanzas making up the official national anthem.

Starting September 2009, Verse 7 of the National Anthem, as sanctioned by the Peruvian Government, has become the official sung verse of the anthem instead of and replacing the first, with the verse starting to be included in schools from 2010 onward. The Peruvian Armed Forces and National Police of Peru also adopted the new official verse, with a new music video of the anthem made for this purpose at the same month as the adoption of the now official seventh verse of the national anthem.

The "stand at attention" posture is done when it is played for civilians while military, police and fire personnel must render hand salutes when out of formation. Some people do the "hand on heart" posture, following US practice. In ceremonies and concerts, the following shout is done when the anthem's performance is over:

 Leader: ¡Viva el Perú!/Kawsachun Piruw!/Ayaya Piruw!/Kimoshiretantsi Peru! (Long live Peru!)
 All: ¡Viva!/Kawsachun!/Ayaya!/Kimoshiretantsi! (Long live!)

The chant Long Live Peru! is also done in sporting events, concerts, anniversaries and other occasions after the playing of the national anthem.

Lyrics

Official lyrics
The official lyrics since 2009 consist of the chorus and seventh (originally sixth) verse of the full lyrics.

Full lyrics

Notes

References

External links
 Himno Nacional del Perú instrumental interpretado por el pianista Ward De Vleeschhouwer
 Peru: Himno Nacional del Peru – Audio of the national anthem of Peru, with information and lyrics (archive link)
 HXD – Peruvian Defence Ministry

Peru
Spanish-language songs
1821 songs
Peruvian music
National anthems
National symbols of Peru
우리는 자유로우며 언제나 그러하리라()는 페루의 국가이다. 호세 베르나르도 알세도가 작곡을, 호세 델라 토레 우과테 이 알로콘이 작사를 하였다. 1821년에 페루의 국가로 제정되었다.

스페인어 가사와 케추아어 가사가 있으나, 케추아어는 1절 뿐이다. 원래 후렴과 1절이 불리다가 2009년에 7절이 공식 가사로 지정되었다.

스페인어 가사 
후렴
Somos libres!
seámos lo siempre, seámos lo siempre!
y antes niegue sus luces
sus luces , sus luces... el sol!
que faltemos al voto solemne
que la patria al Eterno elevó
que faltemos al voto solemne
que la patria al Eterno elevó
que faltemos al voto solemne
que la patria al Eterno elevó.

1절
Largo tiempo el peruano oprimido
la ominosa cadena arrastró;
condenado a una cruel servidumbre
largo tiempo , largo tiempo
largo tiempo en silencio gimió.
Mas apenas el grito sagrado
¡Libertad! en sus costas se oyó,
la indolencia de esclavo sacude,
la humillada , la humillada
la humillada cerviz levantó
la humillada cerviz levantó
cerviz levantó!.
Coro

2절
Y al estruendo de broncas cadenas
que escuchamos tres siglos de horror,
de los libres al grito sagrado
que oyó atónito el mundo, cesó.
Por doquier San Martín inflamado,
libertad, libertad, pronunció,
y meciendo su base los Andes
la anunciaron, también, a una voz.

3절
Con su influjo los pueblos despiertan
y cual rayo corrió la opinión;
desde el istmo a las tierras del fuego,
desde el fuego a la helada región.
Todos juran romper el enlace
que Natura a ambos mundos negó,
y quebrar ese cetro que España
reclinaba orgullosa en los dos.

4절
Lima cumple ese voto solemne,
y, severa, su enojo mostró,
al tirano impotente lanzando,
que intentaba alargar su opresión.
A su esfuerzo saltaron los grillos
y los surcos que en sí reparó,
le atizaron el odio y venganza
que heredara de su Inca y Señor.

5절
Compatriotas, no más verla esclava.
Si humillada tres siglos gimió,
para siempre jurémosla libre,
manteniendo su propio esplendor.
Nuestros brazos, hasta hoy desarmados
estén siempre cebando el cañón,
que algún día las playas de Iberia
sentirán de su estruendo el terror.

6절
Excitemos los celos de España
pues presiente con mengua y furor
que en concurso de grandes naciones
nuestra patria entrará en parangón.
En la lista que de éstas se forme
llenaremos primero el reglón
que el tirano ambicioso Iberino,
que la América toda asoló.

7절
En su cima los Andes sostengan
la bandera o pendón bicolor,
que a los siglos anuncie el esfuerzo
que ser libres por siempre nos dio.
A su sombra vivamos tranquilos,
y al nacer por sus cumbres el sol,
renovemos el gran juramento
que rendimos al Dios de Jacob.

한국어 해석 
후렴
우리는 자유다!
언제나 그러하리라, 언제나 그러하리라!
이제 태양이 그 빛을 발하기를,
그 빛을, 그 태양빛을!
우리가 그 엄숙한 서약을 깨기까지 비추기를,
조국이 영원히 받든 그 서약.
우리가 그 엄숙한 서약을 깨기까지 비추기를,
조국이 영원히 받든 그 서약.
우리가 그 엄숙한 서약을 깨기까지 비추기를,
조국이 영원히 받든 그 서약.

1절
오랜 시간 억압받은 페루인들은
그 불행한 족쇄를 끌고 다녔네,
잔혹한 예속을 선고받고서
오랜 시간, 오랜 시간,
오랜 시간, 그는 조용히 신음했네.
그러나 머지않아 그 거룩한 목소리가
"자유를!" 하고 이 해안에 울리자
노예들은 권태를 떨쳐버리고
치욕 당하던, 치욕 당하던,
치욕 당하던 그 머리를 들었네.
치욕 당하던 그 머리를 들었네, 머리를 들었네...

7절
안데스가 그 꼭대기에 언제나 지키고 있기를,
이 두 색깔의 깃발과 휘장을.
그것이 세세 동안 그 노력을 증언해 주기를,
자유를 위한, 자유를 위한,
영원한 자유를 위한 노력을.
그 그림자 아래 우리가 평안히 살기를,
그리고 그 꼭대기에 태양이 태어날때면
이 위대한 서약을 다시 맹세하길,
우리가 만들어, 우리가 만들어,
우리가 만들어 야곱의 하느님께 바쳤으니.
우리가 만들어 야곱의 하느님께 바쳤으니, 야곱의 하느님께...

케추아어 가사 
후렴
Qispisqañam kachkanchik
ñawpaq kananchik wiñaypaq,
ñawpaqtaraq pakachun
wach'inta Intinchik pakachun
Sayasunmi ñuqanchik chiqapta
Llaqtanchikmi wiñaypaq ruwasqa
Sayasunmi ñuqanchik chiqapta
Llaqtanchikmi wiñaypaq ruwasqa
Sayasunmi ñuqanchik chiqapta
Llaqtanchikmi wiñaypaq ruwasqa

1절
Achka watam piruwanu sarusqa,
qillay waskhata aysapurqan
kamallisqa millay kawsayriyman
achka watam, unay watam
achka watam ch'inpi llakirqan
Chay chayllapim willka qaparimuy,
qispiriypi k'ancharikamun
rikch'ariymi llapapaq kamakun.
sarunchasqan, sarunchasqan
sarurchasqan qispiyta yallin
saruchasqan qispiyta yallin, qispiyta yallin...

아이마라어 가사 
후렴
QUISPITATANUA WIÑAYAWIÑAYA WIÑAYA
WIÑAYAINTIJANAMPA NAIRACATA
YAMATANIYAMATANI YAMATANIMARCASARWA
PACHARU AUQUISARU MISTU YATARUGIWASAU
UCA PAQUIÑA SATAKI

1절
CUYUPACHARU PAMARU YAÑARU
IPALASARUCHUPIKANANKUTINPATACMARANSA
YAMANPIS DAYAÑANI
QUISPITIATANGUAQUISPITIATANGUA
QUISPITIATANGUAWIÑAYPA
PACHATAKIYIUMPANSU MA JU
JACIÑATAKIUKUTLAKI ZIÑA OCUPAYARI
INTISJASUNIMACHACCHAMANTI TAQUEI SA
PACÑACÑANIYUPAYCHAÑAÑI
YUPAYCHAÑAÑIYUPAYCHAÑAÑI YUPAYCHAÑAÑI
JACUTA TITUPARU...

외부 링크 

페루의 노래
국가
국가
바장조 작품
스페인어 노래
1821년 노래