Antoine de la Sale (also la Salle, de Lasalle; 1385/861460/61) was a French courtier, educator and writer.
He participated in a number of military campaigns in his youth and he only began writing when he had reached middle age, in the late 1430s. 
He lived in Italy at the time, but returned to France in the 1440s, where he acted as umpire in tournaments, and he wrote a treatise on the history of the knightly tournament in 1459.
He became the tutor of the sons of Louis de Luxembourg, Count of Saint-Pol, to whom he dedicated a moral work in 1451.
His most successful work was Little John of Saintré, written in 1456, when he was reaching the age of seventy.

Biography
He was born in Provence, probably at Arles, the illegitimate son of Bernardon de la Salle, a celebrated Gascon mercenary, mentioned in Froissart's Chronicles. His mother was a peasant, Perrinette Damendel.

In 1402 Antoine entered the court of the third Angevin dynasty at Anjou, probably as a page.
In 1407 he was at Messina with Louis II, Duke of Bourbon, who had gone there to enforce his claim to the kingdom of Sicily. The next years he perhaps spent in Brabant, for he was present at two tournaments given at Brussels and Ghent.
In 1415 he took part in the successful expedition by John I of Portugal against the Moors in Ceuta.
In 1420 he accompanied the 17-year-old Louis III of Anjou in his attempt to assert his claim as King of Naples.

He travelled from Norcia to the Monti Sibillini and the neighboring Pilate's Lake (the final resting place of Pontius Pilate, according to local legend). The story of his adventures on this trip and of the local legends and Sibyl's grotto form a chapter of La Salade, which also has a map of the ascent from Montemonaco.

In 1426 La Sale probably returned with Louis III of Anjou, who was also comte de Provence, to Provence, where he was acting as viguier of Arles in 1429.
In 1434 René of Anjou, Louis's successor, made La Sale tutor to his son, John II, Duke of Lorraine (also known as the Duke of Calabria), to whom he dedicated, between the years 1438 and 1447, his La Salade, a textbook of the studies necessary for a prince. The title is of course a play on his own name, but he explains it as being due to the diverse subject matter of the book: a salad is composed "of many good herbs." The work covered geography, history, protocol and military tactics. One complete original copy has survived, and two early printed editions. 
It includes Queen Sibyl's Paradise (), and Trip to the Lipari Isles (), but these have often been edited separately.

In 1439 he was again in Italy in charge of the castle of Capua, with John II and his young wife, Marie de Bourbon, when the place was besieged by the king of Aragon. La Sale married Lione de la Sellana de Brusa in the same year. He was about fifty-three; she was fifteen. René abandoned Naples in 1442, and Antoine no doubt returned to France about the same time. His advice was sought at the tournaments which celebrated the marriage of the unfortunate Margaret of Anjou at Nancy in 1445; and in 1446, at a similar display at Saumur, he was one of the umpires.

La Sale's pupil was now twenty years of age, and after forty years' service to the house of Anjou, La Sale left it to become tutor to the sons of Louis de Luxembourg, Count of Saint-Pol, who took him to Flanders and presented him at the court of Philippe le Bon, duke of Burgundy. For his new pupils he wrote at Chatelet-sur-Oise, in 1451, a moral work entitled La Salle. He followed his patron to Genappe in Brabant when the Dauphin (afterwards Louis XI) took refuge at the Burgundian court.

During the last decade of his life, la Sale becomes productive as a writer, publishing his most famous work, Little John of Saintré in 1456, a consolatory epistle Reconfort a Madame de Neufville in 1458 and his tournament book Des anciens tournois et faictz d'armes in 1459.    Cent Nouvelles nouvelles, a collection of licentious stories supposed to be narrated by various persons at the court of Philippe le Bon, was apparently collected or edited by him.  A completed copy of this was presented to the Duke of Burgundy at Dijon in 1462. If then La Sale was the author, he probably was still living; otherwise the last mention of him is in 1461.

Works
The Salad () (1440–1444)
La Salle (1451)
Little John of Saintré () (1456), de La Salle's most famous work.
Reconfort a Madame de Neufville (c. 1458) A consolatory epistle including two stories of parental fortitude, written at Vendeuil-sur-Oise.
Des anciens tournois et faictz d'armes  (1459)
Journee l'Onneur et de Prouesse (1459)
Cent Nouvelles nouvelles (1461/2?), a collection of short stories, "undoubtedly the first work of literary prose in French", collected (and possibly partly authored or edited) by La Sale.
La Sale is considered a possible author of Les Quinze joies de mariage.
Some critics have ascribed to him also the farce of Maitre Pathelin, but this is disputed.

Notes

References

Petit Jehan de Saintré by J. M. Guichard (1843);
Les Cent Nouvelles Nouvelles by Thomas Wright (Bibliothèque elzevérienne, 1858).
La Salade was printed more than once during the sixteenth century. La Salle was never printed. For its contents see E. Gossart in the Bibliophile belge (1871, pp. 77 et seq.).
Joseph Neve, Antoine de la Salle, sa vie et ses ouvrages ... suivi du Reconfort de Madame de Fresne ... et de fragments et documents inedits (1903), who argues for the rejection of Les Quinze Joyes and the Cent Nouvelles Nouvelles from La Sale's works.
Pietro Toldo, Contribute olio studio della novella francese del XV e XVI secolo (1895), and a review of it by Gaston Paris in the Journal des Savants (May 1895);
 Stern, Versuch über Antoine de la Salle, in Archiv für das Studium der neueren Sprachen, vol. xlvi.
 G. Raynaud, Un Nouveau Manuscrit du Petit Jehan de Saintré, in Romania, vol. xxxi.
 Legends of Le Marche. The Sibyl of the Apennines – two texts by A. da Barberino and A. de La Sale, Translated into English by James Richards, Macerata, Ed. Simple, 2014 (Le Paradis de la reine Sibylle).

14th-century births
1460s deaths
People from Arles
15th-century French novelists
French male novelists
앙투안 드 라 살(Antoine de La Sale 또는 de La Salle)은 15세기 프랑스의 풍자 작가이다.

생애 
앙투안 드 라 살의 출생지가 정확히 어디인지는 불명확하지만, 프로방스의 아를 지방에서 1386년 경에 태어났다. 아버지는 용병일을 하던 베르나르동 드 라 살, 통명 쉬코(Chicot)로, 프루아사르의 《연대기》에서 나온 표현대로 하자면 도시의 '사다리꾼(eschelleur)'이었다. 어머니 페리네트 다망델은 평범한 시골 여자였다.

사생아였던 앙투안 드 라 살은 어린 나이에 앙주의 궁정에 들어가게 되었다. 이후 이탈리아를 편력한다. 1407년에는 리파리 제도에 있었다. 1420년에는 마르케에 있었는데, 그곳에서 시빌리니 산맥의 전설(시뷜라 참고)에 관심을 갖게 되었다. 17년이 지난 이후 라 살은 이 전설을 토대로 《시빌 여왕의 천국Paradis de la reine Sibylle》의 부르고뉴의 아녜스 부르봉 공작부인을 묘사한다. 먼저 드 라 살은 앙주 공작이자 시칠리아 국왕, 루이 3세에게 고용되어, 1423년부터 1434년까지 루이 3세의 보좌관으로 일했다.

주군 루이 3세가 사망하자, 라 살은 '선량왕' 르네 당주 밑으로 가게 된다. 르네 당주는 1437년 앙제에서 아녜스 드 부르고뉴의 딸, 마리 드 부르봉과 결혼했었다. 라 살은 르네 당주의 아들인 장 '드 칼라브르'의 교육에 관한 교재, 《살라드Salade》를 저술했다.

아라곤이 나폴리를 정복하고, 잔 드 프로방스 여왕의 유산을 회복하고자 한 앙주 가문의 헤게모니를 박살내자, 라 살이 신화의 땅, 이탈리아를 편력하던 시기는 1442년으로 막을 내린다.

1448년, 급여를 제대로 받지 못해 실망한 라 살은 르네 당주를 떠나 훗날 루이 11세의 총사령관이 되는 생폴 백작 루이 드 뤽상부르의 궁정이 있던 프랑스 북부로 갔다. 아마도 그가 라 살을 선량공 필리프에게 소개해줬을 것이다. 루이 드 뤽상부르는 아버지의 분노로부터 도망친 도팽(그 이래로 루이 11세)의 망명을 받아주었다. 라 살이 망명한 루이 11세의 성은을 받는데까지는 오래 걸리지 않았는데, 이 무렵 루이 11세는 라 살에게 《신백단편Cent Nouvelles Nouvelles》을 같이 쓰자고 불렀으리라. (쉰 번째 편에 그의 이름이 나온다)

그러나 비평가들은 이러한 해석을 배제한다. 비록 쉰 번째에 라 살의 이름이 나온다고 한들("공작 대감 저택 수석관리인 라 살 경의 제 50번째 단편La Cinquantiesme Nouvelle par monseigneur de La Salle, premier maître d'hôtel de monseigneur le Duc"), 라 살은 《신백단편》의 저자가 아니요, 이를 같이 쓰지도 않았다는 것이 이들의 주장이다.

루이 드 뤽상부르의 자식들의 교육을 위해 쓰여진 라 살의 두 번째 교재, 《살Salle》과 소설 《주앙 드 생트레Jehan de Saintré》는 중세 기사도적 가치와 예의범절에 대한 의문을 던진다. 라 살은 1462년 경 사망했다.

작품

각주

별첨

참고 문헌 
출간 순서 순:

 Ernest Gossart, Antoine de la Sale. Sa vie et ses œuvres, H. Lamertin, Bruxelles, 1902 (lire en ligne)
 Joseph Nève, Antoine de la Salle. Sa vie et ses ouvrages d'après des documents inédits, H. Champion, Paris, et Falk fils, Bruxelles, 1903, 291p., (lire en ligne)
 Léon-Honoré Labande, « Antoine de La Salle. Nouveaux documents sur sa vie et ses relations avec la maison d'Anjou », dans Bibliothèque de l'École des chartes, 1904, n°65, p. 55-100 (lire en ligne)
 Léon-Honoré Labande, « Antoine de La Salle. Nouveaux documents sur sa vie et ses relations avec la maison d'Anjou (Appendices) », dans Bibliothèque de l'École des chartes, 1904, n°65, p. 321-354 (lire en ligne)
 Gaston Raynaud, compte rendu de « Antoine de La Salle, sa vie et ses ouvrages, d'après des documents inédits, par Joseph Nève, suivi du Réconfort de madame du Fresne..., du Paradis de la reine Sibylle, etc., par Antoine de La Salle, et de fragments et de documents inédits..., 1903 », dans Romania, 1904, tome 33, n°129, p. 107-111 (lire en ligne)
 Félix Olivier-Martin, « Un manuscrit inconnu du Réconfort d'Antoine de la Salle », dans Romania, 1926, n°205-206, p. 164-169 (lire en ligne)
 Charles Knudson, « Antoine de la Sale, le duc de Bourgogne et les Cent nouvelles nouvelles », dans Romania, 1927, n°211, p. 365-373 (lire en ligne)
 Charles A. Knudson, « Une aventure d'Antoine de La Sale aux îles Lipari », dans Romania, 1928, n°213, p. 99-109 (lire en ligne)
 Charlier Gustave, compte rendu de « Antoine de la Sale. Le Paradis de la Reine Sibylle », dans Revue belge de Philologie et d'Histoire, 1931, tome 10, fascicule 1-2, p. 223-225 (lire en ligne)
 Alphonse Bayot, compte rendu de « Antoine de La Sale. Le Petit Jehan de Saintré », dans Revue belge de Philologie et d'Histoire, 1929, tome 8, fascicule 1, p. 170-173 (lire en ligne)
 Fernand Desonay, Antoine de La Sale, aventureux et pédagogue, Liège, Bibliothèque de la Faculté de philosophie et lettres de l'Université de Liège, 1940 (fasc. 89), 204p., compte rendu par Guy De Poerck, dans Revue belge de Philologie et d'Histoire, 1944, tome 23, p. 370-373 (lire en ligne)
 Marcel Lecourt, « Une source d'Antoine de la Sale : Simon de Hesdin », dans Romania, 1955, n°301, p. 39-83, n°302, p. 183-211
 Michèle Perret, « L'invraisemblable vérité », dans Europe, septembre 1983, 24-35. (Sur la fonction testimoniale dans des textes de fiction : Le roman de Mélusine et Le paradis de la reine Sibylle.)
 Armand Jamme, « Bâtardise et patrimoine : les débuts dans la vie d’Antoine de La Sale (1386-1411) »], Bibliothèque de l'École des chartes, tome 153, 1995, p. 161-175 (lire en ligne).
 Luca Pierdominici, La Bouche et le corps. Images littéraires du XVe siècle français, Préface de J. Dufournet, Paris, Champion, 2003 (Bibliothèque du XVe siècle, LXV), 288p.
 Michelle Szkilnik, Jean de Saintré. Une carrière chevaleresque au XVe siècle, Genève, Droz (« Publications romanes et françaises » 232), 2003, 168p.
 Sylvie Lefèvre, Antoine de la Sale. La fabrique de l’œuvre et de l’écrivain. Suivi de l’édition critique du Traité des anciens et des nouveaux tournois, Genève, Droz (« Publications romanes et françaises », 238), 2006.

관련 문서 

 기사도 소설
 《Curial et Guelfe》
 중세 프랑스 문학, 중세 문학

외부 링크 

15세기 프랑스 작가
중세 프랑스어 작가
15세기 프랑스 소설가
중세 산문 작가
14세기 출생
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