"" (;  "Hymn" or "Anthem") is the national anthem of Hungary. The lyrics were written by Ferenc Kölcsey, a nationally renowned poet, in 1823, and its currently official musical setting was composed by the romantic composer Ferenc Erkel in 1844, although other less-known musical versions exist. The poem bore the subtitle "A magyar nép zivataros századaiból" ("From the stormy centuries of the Hungarian nation"); it is often argued that this subtitle – by emphasising past rather than contemporary national troubles – was added expressly to enable the poem to pass Habsburg censorship. The full meaning of the poem's text is evident only to those well acquainted with Hungarian history. The first stanza is sung at official ceremonies and as well in common. It was de facto used as hymn of the Kingdom of Hungary from its composition in 1844, and was officially adopted as national anthem of the Third Hungarian Republic in 1989.

The lyrics of "Himnusz" are a prayer beginning with the words  (; ).

Title
The title in the original manuscript is "Hymnus" — a Latin word meaning "song of praise", and one which is widely used in languages other than English (e.g., French or German) to mean "anthem". The phonetic transcription "Himnusz" replaced the original Latin spelling over time, and as the poem gained widespread acceptance as the de facto anthem of Hungary, so too the word "himnusz" took on the meaning "national anthem" for other countries as well.

History
Although Kölcsey completed the poem on 22 January 1823, it was only published first in 1829 in Károly Kisfaludy's Aurora, without the subtitle, despite it being part of the manuscript. It subsequently appeared in a collection of Kölcsey's works in 1832, this time with the subtitle. A competition for composers to make the poem suitable to be sung by the public was staged in 1844 and won by Erkel's entry. His version was first performed in the National Theatre (where he was conductor) in July 1844, then in front of a larger audience on 10 August 1844, at the inaugural voyage of the steamship Széchenyi. By the end of the 1850s it became customary to sing Himnusz at special occasions either alongside Vörösmarty's Szózat or on its own.

In the early 1900s, various members of the Hungarian Parliament proposed making the status of Himnusz as the national anthem of Hungary within Austria-Hungary official, but their efforts never got enough traction for such a law to be passed. Later, in the 1950s, Rákosi made plans to have the anthem replaced by one more suited to the Communist ideology, but the poet and composer he had in mind for the task, Illyés and Kodály, both refused. It wasn't until 1989 that Erkel's musical adaptation of Himnusz finally gained official recognition as Hungary's national anthem, by being mentioned as such in the Constitution of Hungary.

Official uses
The public radio station Kossuth Rádió plays Himnusz at ten minutes past midnight each day at the close of transmissions in the AM band, as do the state TV channels at the end of the day's broadcasts. Himnusz is also traditionally played on Hungarian television at the stroke of midnight on New Year's Eve.

Alternative anthems
"Szózat" (), which starts with the words  (To your homeland be faithful steadfastly, O Hungarian) enjoys a social status nearly equal to that of "Himnusz", even though only "Himnusz" is mentioned in the Constitution of Hungary. Traditionally, Himnusz is sung at the beginning of ceremonies, and Szózat at the end (although the Himnusz, resembling a Protestant Chorale, is substantially easier to sing than the difficult rhythm of the Szózat, which is often only played from recording).

Recognition is also given to the "Rákóczi March", a short wordless piece (composer unknown, but sometimes attributed to János Bihari and Franz Liszt) which is often used on state military occasions; and the poem Nemzeti dal written by Sándor Petőfi.

Another popular song is the "Székely Himnusz" (), an unofficial ethnic anthem of the Hungarian-speaking Szekler living in Eastern Transylvania, the Székely Land (now part of Romania) and in the rest of the world.

Lyrics
The first stanza is officially sung at ceremonies.

Two English versions are given below; both are free translations of the Hungarian words. As Hungarian is a genderless language, masculine pronouns in the English translations are in fact addressed to all Hungarians regardless of gender.

Himnusz sculpture 

On 7 May 2006, a sculpture was inaugurated for Himnusz at Szarvas Square, Budakeszi, a small town close to Budapest. It was created by Mária V. Majzik, an artist with the Hungarian Heritage Award, depicting the full text of the poem in a circle, centered around a two metres high bronze figure of God, with 21 bronze bells in seven arches between eight pieces of stone, each four and a half metres high. The musical form of the poem can be played on the bells. The cost of its construction, 40 million forints (roughly 200,000 USD), was collected through public subscription.

Notes

References

External links 

 Hungary: Himnusz - Audio of the national anthem of Hungary, with information and lyrics (archive link)
 National and historical symbols of Hungary  has a page about the anthem, featuring a vocal sound file.
 Sheet Music is available at the Hungarian Electronic Library website.
 Hungarian Anthem on Music Keyboard 2.4

1823 poems
1844 compositions
1844 songs
European anthems
Culture of Hungary
Hungarian patriotic songs
National anthems
National symbols of Hungary
찬가(헝가리어:Himnusz 힘누스)는 헝가리의 국가이다. 쾰체이 페렌츠(1790-1838)가 1823년에 작사, 에르켈 페렌츠(1810-1893)이 작곡하였다. 1844년부터 사실상의 국가로 불리기 시작했으나, 공식적으로 헌법에 명시되어 국가의 지위를 얻은 것은 1989년이었다. 본래는 8절까지 있으나 일반적으로 공식 석상에서는 1절만 가창한다.

헝가리 인민공화국때는 종교적 색채가 들어가있다는 이유로 가사를 부르지 않고 곡만 연주하는 식으로 연주되었으며, 또한 비공식 국가인 'Szózat'이 더 자주 연주되었다.

헝가리어와 한국어 가사 

헝가리어 가사

Isten, áldd meg a magyart
Jó kedvvel, bőséggel,
Nyújts feléje védő kart,
Ha küzd ellenséggel;
Bal sors akit régen tép,
Hozz rá víg esztendőt,
Megbűnhődte már e nép
A múltat s jövendőt!

Őseinket felhozád
Kárpát szent bércére,
Általad nyert szép hazát
Bendegúznak vére.
S merre zúgnak habjai
Tiszának, Dunának,
Árpád hős magzatjai
Felvirágozának.

Ért kalászt lengettél,
Tokaj szőlővesszein
Nektárt csepegtettél.
Zászlónk gyakran plántálád
Vad török sáncára,
S nyögte Mátyás bús hadát
Bécsnek büszke vára.

Hajh, de bűneink miatt
Gyúlt harag kebledben,
S elsújtád villámidat
Dörgő fellegedben,
Most rabló mongol nyilát
Zúgattad felettünk,
Majd töröktől rabigát
Vállainkra vettünk.

Hányszor zengett ajkain
Ozmán vad népének
Vert hadunk csonthalmain
Győzedelmi ének!
Hányszor támadt tenfiad
Szép hazám, kebledre,
S lettél magzatod miatt
Magzatod hamvvedre!

Bújt az üldözött, s felé
Kard nyúlt barlangjában,
Szerte nézett s nem lelé
Honját a hazában,
Bércre hág és völgybe száll,
Bú s kétség mellette,
Vérözön lábainál,
S lángtenger fölette.

Vár állott, most kőhalom,
Kedv s öröm röpkedtek,
Halálhörgés, siralom
Zajlik már helyettek.
S ah, szabadság nem virúl
A holtnak véréből,
Kínzó rabság könnye hull
Árvánk hő szeméből!

Szánd meg Isten a magyart
Kit vészek hányának,
Nyújts feléje védő kart
Tengerén kínjának.
Bal sors akit régen tép,
Hozz rá víg esztendőt,
Megbűnhődte már e nép
A múltat s jövendőt!

한국어 번역

하느님, 헝가리인을 축복하소서,
그대의 은총과 자비로.
적과 맞서싸우는 동안에
그대의 보호하는 팔을 펼치소서.
악한 운명에 오래도록 찢긴 그들에게
안식의 시간을 내려 주소서,
이 나라는 모든 죗값을 치렀나이다,
과거와 미래의 죄에 대해.

그대 덕에 카르파티아의 거룩한 정상에
우리 조상들은 올랐나이다,
그대 덕에 벤데구스의 자손을 위해
이 아름다운 나라를 얻었나이다,
그리고 그 어느 곳이든
티서와 다뉴브 강이 흐르는 곳이라면
아르파트, 우리의 영웅의 자손은
뿌리내리고 번창할 것이리이다.

우리를 위해 쿤인의 평원에서
그대는 밀을 자라나게 했고,
토카이의 포도밭에서
그대는 달콤한 과일즙을 떨구었으며,
그대는 우리의 깃발을 들어
거친 터키의 토루에 꽂으시었고,
마티아스의 검은 군대 아래서
비엔나의 긍지의 성을 무너뜨리었나이다.

아, 그러나 우리의 죄로 인하여
그대의 가슴에는 분노가 자라났고
그대는 그 뇌운 속에서
번개로 하여 치셨나이다.
이제 약탈하는 몽골인의 화살로
그대는 우리를 쓸어내었고
터키인의 노예의 멍에를
우리는 어깨에 걸쳤나이다.

어찌나 자주 울려퍼지던가,
오스만의 야만한 사람들의 입으로부터,
우리의 스러진 군대 위에서 불리는
그 승리의 노래는!
어찌나 자주 그대의 아들들은,
나의 고향, 그대의 마음을 공격했나이까,
그리고 그대는, 그대의 아들들로 인하여,
그대 아들들의 장례장으로 전락하였나이다.

도망자는 숨었고, 그를 향하여,
칼이 그가 숨은 동굴에까지 이르렀으니,
어디를 둘러보아도 그는 찾을 수 없었네,
그들의 조국 속, 그들의 고향을
산을 넘고 계곡을 내려갔네,
비탄과 절망이 그의 동반자,
발 밑에는 피의 바다가,
머리 위에는 불의 바다가 펼쳐졌네.

성이 있던 자리엔 이제 돌 무더기뿐이고,
행복과 즐거움은 간데없으니,
죽음의 탄식과 흐느낌이
이제 이곳에 울려퍼지네.
그리고 아, 자유는 꽃피지 못하네,
죽은 자들의 흘린 피로부터,
또 고난받은 예속의 눈물이 떨어지네,
고아의 불타는 듯한 두 눈으로부터!

슬프도다, 주여, 헝가리인들에게,
위기의 물결에 던져진 이들에게,
그 비탄의 바다 위에서
그대의 보호하는 팔을 펼치소서,
악한 운명에 오래도록 찢긴 그들에게
안식의 시간을 내려 주소서,
그들은 모든 죗값을 치렀나이다,
과거와 미래의 죄에 대해.

각주

외부 링크 
 유튜브 동영상(한글번역)

헝가리의 노래
국가
국가
내림마장조 작품
1844년 노래
1823년 시