Here is the model and views for certifications. Can you find any vulnerabilities and list them according OWASP top 10 or with the OWASP WSTG id? Also tell me explicitly which line of code is the problem.

Here is the model and views for certifications. Can you find any vulnerabilities and list them according OWASP top 10 or with the OWASP WSTG id? Also tell me explicitly which line of code is the problem.

### apps/certifications/model.py
from django.db import models
from django.contrib.auth import get\_user\_model
# Create your models here.
class Competence(models.TextChoices):
 """Enum for competence """
 MEDICAL = 'MEDICAL'
 TRANSPORT = 'TRANSPORT'
 FOOD = 'FOOD'
 SHELTER = 'SHELTER'
class Status(models.TextChoices):
 """Enum for certification request status """
 ACCEPTED = 'A'
 DECLINED = 'D'
 PENDING = 'P'
class CertificationRequest(models.Model):
 """Model for certification requests"""
 user = models.ForeignKey(get\_user\_model(), on\_delete=models.CASCADE)
 competence = models.CharField(max\_length=20, choices=Competence.choices)
 status = models.CharField(
 max\_length=1, choices=Status.choices, default=Status.PENDING)
 created = models.DateTimeField(auto\_now\_add=True)

 class Meta:
 ordering = ['created']
 constraints = [
 models.UniqueConstraint(
 fields=['user', 'competence'], name='unique\_certification')
 ]

 @staticmethod
 def IsCertified(user, competence):
 """Check if user is certified for a competence"""
 return CertificationRequest.objects.filter(user=user, status=Status.ACCEPTED, competence=competence).exists()
### apps/certifications/views.py
from django.db.utils import IntegrityError
from rest\_framework import permissions, viewsets, generics, status
from rest\_framework.response import Response
from rest\_framework.exceptions import ValidationError
from .models import CertificationRequest, Status, Competence
from .serializers import CertificationRequestSerializer
from .permissions import IsVolunteer
# Create your views here.
class CertificationRequestViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
 """Viewset for certification requests"""
 serializer\_class = CertificationRequestSerializer # use the serializer class defined in serializers.py
 permission\_classes = [permissions.IsAdminUser | IsVolunteer]

 http\_method\_names = ['get', 'head', 'delete', 'post']

 def get\_queryset(self):
 """Only show certification requests of the current user if not admin"""
 if self.request.user.is\_staff:
 return CertificationRequest.objects.all()
 return CertificationRequest.objects.filter(user=self.request.user)

 def perform\_create(self, serializer):
 """Create a certification request for the current user if not admin"""
 try:
 if self.request.user.is\_staff:
 raise ValidationError(
 "Admins can't create certification requests")
 # save the certification request with the current user
 serializer.save(user=self.request.user)
 except IntegrityError as e:
 raise ValidationError(
 'An identical Certification Request already exists')
class AnswerCertificationRequest(generics.GenericAPIView):
 """View to answer certification requests"""
 permission\_classes = [permissions.IsAuthenticated]

 def post(self, request):

 # check if id and status is provided
 if not(request.data.get('id') and request.data.get('status')):
 return Response({'error': 'id and status is required'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST)

 certification\_request = CertificationRequest.objects.get(
 id=request.data['id'])

 if certification\_request is None: # check if certification request exists
 return Response({'error': 'Certification Request does not exist'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST)

 if certification\_request.status != 'P': # check if certification request is pending
 return Response({'error': 'Certification Request is not pending'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST)

 state = request.data['status']

 if state == 'A': # if accepted
 certification\_request.status = Status.ACCEPTED
 elif state == 'D': # if declined
 certification\_request.status = Status.DECLINED
 else:
 return Response({'error': 'Status must be A or D'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST)
 certification\_request.save()
 return Response(status=status.HTTP\_200\_OK)
class GetCertificationStatus(generics.GenericAPIView):
 """View to get certification status.
 Returns a dictionary with the status of all competences."""
 permission\_classes = [permissions.IsAuthenticated]

 def get(self, request):
 result = {}
 for s in Competence:

 certification\_request = CertificationRequest.objects.filter(
 user=self.request.user, competence=s).first()
 if certification\_request:
 body = {
 'status': certification\_request.status,
 'created': certification\_request.created,
 'id': certification\_request.id
 }
 else:

 body = {
 'status': None,
 'created': None,
 'id': None
 }
 result[s] = body

 return Response(result, status=status.HTTP\_200\_OK)
다음은 인증 모델과 보기입니다. 취약점을 찾아서 OWASP 상위 10위 또는 OWASP WSTG ID에 따라 나열할 수 있나요? 또한 어떤 코드 줄이 문제인지 명시적으로 알려주세요.다음은 인증 모델 및 보기입니다. 취약점을 찾아서 OWASP 상위 10위 또는 OWASP WSTG 아이디에 따라 나열할 수 있나요? 또한 어떤 코드 줄이 문제인지 명시적으로 알려주세요.### apps/certifications/model.py에서 모델 가져오기django.contrib.auth에서 get\_user\_model을 가져옵니다.# 여기에서 모델을 생성합니다.Competence(models.TextChoices) 클래스를 만듭니다: """역량에 대한 열거형 """ medical = 'medical' transport = 'transport' FOOD = 'FOOD' shelter = 'shelter'Status(models.TextChoices) 클래스: """인증 요청 상태에 대한 열거형""" ACCEPTED = 'A' DECLINED = 'D' PENDING = 'P'클래스 CertificationRequest(models.Model): """인증 요청 모델""" user = models.ForeignKey(get\_user\_model(), on\_delete=models.CASCADE) 역량 = models.CharField(max\_length=20, choices=Competence.choices) status = models.CharField( max\_length=1, choices=Status.choices, default=Status.PENDING) created = models.DateTimeField(auto\_now\_add=True) Meta 클래스: ordering = ['created'] 제약 조건 = [ models.UniqueConstraint( fields=['user', 'competence'], name='unique\_certification') ] 정적 메서드 def IsCertified(사용자, 역량): """사용자가 역량에 대해 인증되었는지 확인""" return CertificationRequest.objects.filter(user=user, status=Status.ACCEPTED, competence=competence).exists()### apps/certifications/views.pydjango.db.utils에서 IntegrityError를 가져옵니다.rest\_framework에서 권한, 뷰셋, 제네릭, 상태 가져오기rest\_framework.response에서 응답을 가져옵니다.rest\_framework.exceptions에서 유효성 검사 오류를 가져옵니다..models에서 인증 요청, 상태, 역량 가져오기.serializers에서 CertificationRequestSerializer를 가져옵니다..permissions에서 IsVolunteer를 가져옵니다.# 여기에서 뷰를 만듭니다.인증 요청 뷰셋을 생성합니다: """인증 요청에 대한 뷰셋""" serializer\_class = CertificationRequestSerializer # serializers.py에 정의된 serializer 클래스 사용 permission\_classes = [permissions.IsAdminUser | IsVolunteer] http\_method\_names = ['get', 'head', 'delete', 'post'] def get\_queryset(self): """관리자가 아닌 경우 현재 사용자의 인증 요청만 표시""" if self.request.user.is\_staff: return CertificationRequest.objects.all() return CertificationRequest.objects.filter(user=self.request.user) def perform\_create(self, serializer): """관리자가 아닌 경우 현재 사용자에 대한 인증 요청을 만듭니다""" try: if self.request.user.is\_staff: raise ValidationError( "관리자는 인증 요청을 만들 수 없습니다") # 현재 사용자로 인증 요청을 저장합니다. serializer.save(user=self.request.user) 무결성 오류를 e로 제외합니다: 유효성 검사 에러 발생( '동일한 인증 요청이 이미 존재합니다')AnswerCertificationRequest(generics.GenericAPIView) 클래스: """인증 요청에 응답하는 보기""" permission\_classes = [permissions.IsAuthenticated] def post(self, request): # 아이디와 상태가 제공되었는지 확인 if not(request.data.get('id') and request.data.get('status')): return Response({'error': 'id 및 상태 필요'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST) certification\_request = CertificationRequest.objects.get( id=request.data['id']) 인증\_요청이 None인 경우: # 인증 요청이 존재하는지 확인 return Response({'error': '인증 요청이 존재하지 않습니다'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST) if certification\_request.status != 'P': # 인증 요청이 보류 중인지 확인 return Response({'error': '인증 요청이 보류 중이 아닙니다'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST) state = request.data['status'] state == 'A' # 수락된 경우 인증\_request.status = Status.ACCEPTED state == 'D': # 거부된 경우 인증\_request.status = Status.DECLINED else: return Response({'error': '상태는 A 또는 D여야 합니다'}, status=status.HTTP\_400\_BAD\_REQUEST) certification\_request.save() 반환 Response(status=status.HTTP\_200\_OK)GetCertificationStatus(generics.GenericAPIView) 클래스: """인증 상태를 가져오는 뷰입니다. 모든 역량 상태가 포함된 사전을 반환합니다.""" permission\_classes = [permissions.IsAuthenticated] def get(self, request): result = {} Competence의 s에 대해: certification\_request = CertificationRequest.objects.filter( user=self.request.user, competence=s).first() if certification\_request: body = { '상태': 인증\_요청.상태, 'created': certification\_request.created, 'id': 인증\_request.id } else: body = { '상태': None, 'created': None, 'id': None } 결과[s] = 본문 반환 응답(결과, 상태=status.HTTP\_200\_OK)