Lam Sai-wing (1861? – 1943) was a Hung Gar martial artist. He was a student of the Chinese martial artist, acupuncturer and folk hero of Cantonese ethnicity, Wong Fei-hung.

"Since my young years till now, for 50 years, I have been learning from Masters. 
I am happy that I have earned the love of my tutors who passed on me the Shaolin Mastery…" (Lam Sai-wing).

Early life
Lam was born in Nanhai district, Guangdong. He followed the customs of his ancestors and learned the traditional martial arts and traditional Chinese medicine Dit Da of his family; from his father Lam Che-chung, grandfather Lam Bak-sin and granduncle Lam Geui-chung, and progressed to learn from Wu Kam-sing (胡金星), a northern Chinese boxer known only by the surname of Kang (康), and Chung Hung-san (鍾雄山). He later learned from Wong Fei-hung, and also assisted with him to work as guards in the entertainment venues. He was eventually considered an expert in Hung Ga ("Hung family fist", a style originating from the Southern Shaolin Tiger style, known for its efficiency and widespread at the time in various secret societies), and may have also studied Fut Kuen ("Buddhist Fist", a style practiced by various Buddhist sects in Guangdong province).

He founded the Wu Ben Tang (Hall of Fundamental Study) in Guangzhou (Canton) where he taught his martial arts. Towards the end of the Qing dynasty, Lam gained first place at a large martial arts competition that took place at the Dongjiao ground.

Between 1917 and 1923, Lam served in the National Revolutionary Army of Fujian province as Chief Instructor in hand-to-hand combat. In 1921, his performance of Tiger Crane Paired Form Fist (虎鶴雙形拳) to raise fund for an orphanage in Guangdong won praise from Sun Yat-sen. Sun awarded him with a silver presidential medal and addressed him as Mr. Fuk-Hok (虎鶴先生).

In about 1926, he was invited by the Hong Kong Butchers' Association to teach martial arts. In 1928, Lam eventually moved to Hong Kong with his adopted nephew Lam Cho (林祖) (1910–2012), where he started teaching martial arts there. With the help of one of his disciples Chu Yu-zai, he wrote and published three books on the three primary forms (taolu) of Hung Ga: gung ji fuk fu keun ("Taming the Tiger Fist"), fu hok seung ying keun ("Tiger Crane Paired Form Fist"), and tit sin keun ("Iron Wire Fist").

Death
According to most sources Lam died in 1943, aged 81/82/83. It is not known for certain where he died, but according to a biography of Lam Sai-wing published 1951 by Wong Man Kai, a student of Lam Sai-wing, he returned to his ancestral home Ping Jau village late in his years and also died there.

Legacy
Lam and his students, which were said to have numbered over 10,000 during his life, are primarily responsible for popularizing the style in the 20th century. Some of his students became among the first actors and stunt people in the fledgling Hong Kong "kung fu"  film industry in the 1940s. They included two men who would work as action directors on the Wong Fei-hung films that starred Kwan Tak-hing – Leong Wing-hang and Lau Cham, father of action director and star, Lau Kar-leung. Another student of Lam was Golden Harvest producer Raymond Chow.

The most famous student of Lam Sai-wing and the leader of the Hong Kong Martial Arts Community was Chan Hon-chung (1909–1991), the founding chairman of Hong Kong Chinese Martial arts association  and the only Chinese Martial Artist honored by the Queen during the colonial Hong Kong. Chan's best student Kong Pui-wai is still leading the association. Another famous student was Chiu Kao. His son Chiu Chi-ling made his name from movies and teaching Hung Gar worldwide. 

Lam Sai-wing's kung fu was also continued by his adopted nephew Lam Cho, his disciple and successor, who resided & taught in Hong Kong with his own sons Anthony Lam Chun-fai, Simon Lam Chun-chung and Lam Chun-sing. Simon Lam Chun-chung continues to teach his father's students and new students at Lam Cho's renowned studio in Mong Kok, Hong Kong. Among Lam Cho's senior disciples, Kwong Tit Fu (鄺鐵夫) (died 1999) and Tang Kwok-wah (鄧國華) (1924–2011) taught in Boston. Another Senior student YC Wong 黃耀楨 school in Sanfrancisco is being carried on by his sons.

Kwong's well-known students was Calvin Chin. While among Tang's disciples are Winchell Ping Chiu Woo (胡炳超) (Chiu Mo Kwoon, Boston), Yon Lee (李健遠) (Harvard Tai Chi Tiger Crane Shaolin Cultural Foundation, Shaolin Institute, Quincy). and Sik Y. Hum.

Portrayal in the media
Lam had been portrayed by one of his students Lau Cham in many of the Wong Fei-hung films starring Kwan Tak-hing from 1949 to 1959.

He was portrayed by Ng Ming-choi in the 1979 film Butcher Wing.

He has been portrayed by Sammo Hung in the 1979 film Magnificent Butcher, which was also one of the many (over 100) films made about Wong Fei-hung starring Kwan Tak-hing.

Andy Lau portrayed Lam in the 1984 TVB series The Return of Wong Fei Hung, which featured Lam as the main protagonist.

In the 1991 film Once Upon a Time in China, Lam was portrayed by Kent Cheng, Lam was a butcher by trade, causing his name to be translated as "Porky" in the English version.

In the 1992 TVB television drama series Wong Fei Hung Returns, he was portrayed by Ram Chiang.

Kent Cheng reprised his role as Lam in the 1994 film Once Upon a Time in China V and the 1995 Chinese television series Wong Fei Hung Series.

In the 1998 TVB television drama series Simply Ordinary, he was portrayed by Gordon Lam.

In the 2002 television drama series The Young Wong Fei Hung, he was portrayed by Yang Ming.

He was portrayed by Dickson Li in the 2004 TVB television drama series Wong Fei Hung – Master of Kung Fu.

He was portrayed by Chen Chen as Butcher Wing in the two 2018 Wong Fei-hung films The Unity of Heroes and Warriors Of The Nation.

Footnotes

References
Hung Gar Bible - Canonical Books by Lam Sai-wing (Translated from Chinese)
Short Historical Essay on Hung Gar Master Lam Sai-wing Written by His Disciple Zhu Yuzhai. As related by Zhang Shibiao from Pangyu. The twelfth year Kuihai of the Peoples Republic (1923), the first month of the summer.
Lam Saiwing photogallery
most complete Lam Saiwing photogallery on the web

1860s births
1943 deaths
Chinese Hung Gar practitioners
Martial arts school founders
People from Nanhai District
Sportspeople from Guangdong
Chinese military officers
임세영(林世榮, 린스룽, 1861년 ~ 1943년)은 중화민국의 무술가이다. 광둥성(廣東省) 남해현(南海縣)사람으로, 홍가권(洪家拳)의 일대종사였던 황비홍(黃飛鴻)의 제자 중 한 명이다.

임세영의 생애 
임세영은 중국 광동성 남해현 출신으로 정육점(푸줏간)을 경영하던 사람이었다. 그래서 사람들은 그를 '돼지고기 장삿꾼 임(林)군'이라고 불렀다고 한다. 임세영이 자라던 시기는 청나라의 국력이 쇠퇴하여 시국이 매우 불안정한 때였고 임세영은 난세를 구할 큰 뜻을 품고 무예를 연마할 뜻을 품게 된다. 그리하여 비밀결사에 가입하여 무예를 배우기 시작하였으나 흡족하지 못해 고금성(古金星)의 제자로 입문하여 수년간 무예를 연마하였다. 하지만 생활이 어려워 그마저도 오래 가지 못하고 도중에 중단하여 홀로 수련해야 했다. 나중에 종홍산(鐘洪山)이라는 스승 밑에서 다시 무예 수련을 시작한 그는 홍권의 일대종사로 유명한 황비홍의 명성을 듣고 뜻이 맞는 동지들과 함께 유영복(劉永福)의 수군 교관으로 무술을 지도하고 있는 황비홍에게 찾아가 그의 제자가 되어 본격적으로 무예를 수련하기 시작한다.

임세영은 자신의 제자들과 중국 전통 연극인 경극을 구경하러 갔다가 우연히 지역의 깡패들과 시비가 붙었는데 깡패들이 임세영의 무공이 고강한 것을 알고 물러갔으나 임세영이 홀로 있을 때 몰래 기습을 해왔다. 그러자 임세영은 그들의 무리가 사람이 많아 방어만 하기에는 곤란한 것을 깨닫고 할 수 없이 공격을 하여 깡패들을 쓰러뜨렸으나 결국 광주(廣州, 광저우) 전역에 임세영을 체포한다는 수배령이 내려졌다. 그러자 임세영은 몸을 피해 다른 지역으로 달아났다가 반청(反淸)의 무리를 모아 청나라를 멸망시키고 중화민국을 세우는 데 공헌하게 된다. 중화민국 수립 후 광주(廣州, 광저우)로 돌아온 임세영은 자신의 도장을 차려 제자를 양성하다가 다시 홍콩(香港)으로 이주하여 무관을 열고 홍가권을 가르치며 많은 제자들을 양성하였고 자신의 스승이었던 황비홍을 재조명하는 작업에 착수하여 수많은 서적을 통해 황비홍의 존재를 널리 알리는 한편, 홍가권을 다시 개량하여 새롭게 만들어 홍가권의 일대종사가 되었다.

임세영의 일화 
황비홍 밑에서 수련하던 임세영은 광주(廣州, 광저우)로 떠나 자신의 도장을 열게 되었다. 그곳에는 소림 무예를 전수하던 도장이 있었는데 그곳의 관장은 성정이 포악하여 자신의 도장 근처에 새로운 도장이 들어설 때마다 직접 찾아가 대련을 신청하여 이에 응하면 그곳의 사범을 반죽음을 만들어 놓아 도장을 폐쇄시켜 타인의 무술 도장이 새롭게 들어설 수 없도록 하고 있었다. 임세영의 도장이 들어서자 역시 임세영의 도장에 찾아와 대련을 신청하였고 임세영은 좋은 말로 거절하였으나 끈질기게 요구하자 할 수 없이 대련을 하게 되었고 그곳의 관장은 임세영의 한 수에 나가떨어지고 말았다. 그러나 패배를 인정하지 않고 후일을 기약하며 돌아간 그는 남들 앞에서 허세를 부리며 임세영을 비난하였고 임세영은 자신을 뒤에서 욕하는 그를 호되게 비판하였다. 그러자 격분한 소림 무예 도장의 관장은 18반 병기 중 하나인 쌍극(雙戟)을 들고 임세영을 찾아갔으나 역시 임세영의 한 수에 나가떨어져 큰 부상을 입었다. 부상을 치료하기 위해 그는 수군 무예 교두인 황비홍을 찾아갔는데 황비홍이 보기에 예사 상처가 아니었기에 어떻게 이런 상처가 났느냐고 물어보았고 관장은 사실대로 말하였다. 그러자 황비홍은 임세영이 자신의 제자라며 죽지 않은 것을 다행으로 알라며 훈계하였다. 이에 소림 무예 도장의 관장은 간담이 서늘하여 다시는 얼씬거리지 않았다고 한다.

어느날 임세영은 사부인 황비홍과 해동사라는 사찰을 구경하러 갔는데 그곳에서 무공이 높은 스님을 만나게 되었다. 그 스님은 철두공의 고수로 절에 온 사람들에게 자신의 철두공을 자랑하고 있었다. 임세영은 그와 무술을 겨뤄보고 싶어 사부인 황비홍의 눈치를 보았고, 황비홍이 웃으며 허락하자 그 스님과 한 판을 겨루게 되었다. 그 스님이 철두공으로 돌격해오자 임세영은 호학쌍형권의 한 수로 그를 쓰러뜨렸고 이내 그 스님을 일으켜 세우며 달랬다고 한다.

임세영이 등장한 영화 작품 
 인자무적(忍者無敵 / The Magnificent butcher,1979) : 홍금보
 황비홍(黃飛鴻 / Once Upon A Time In China, 1991) : 정칙사
 황비홍 4 - 왕자지풍(黃飛鴻之四 王者之風 / Once Upon A Time In China IV, 1993) : 정칙사
 황비홍 5 - 용성섬패(黃飛鴻之五 龍城殲覇: Once Upon A Time In China V, 1994) : 정칙사

1861년 출생
1943년 사망
중국의 무술가
청나라의 관료
음서
중화민국의 정치인
중화민국 대륙 시기 사람
중국국민당 당원
포산시 출신
무술 유파 창시자