Ted Joans
Theodore Joans (4 Julaị, 1928 - 25 Eprel, 2003) bụ onye Amerịka na-ede abụ jazz, onye na-eme ihe nkiri, onye na-akpọ opi, na onye na-ese ihe, onye site na 1960s nọrọ oge na-eme njem na mba Europe na Africa. Ọrụ ya na-eguzo n'etiti ọtụtụ iyi na-aga n'ihu ma ụfọdụ ahụla n'ime ya ihe na-ebute okwu ọnụ nke mmegharị okwu. Otú ọ dị, ọ katọrọ akụkụ asọmpi nke uri "slam". A maara Joans maka ụkpụrụ nduzi ya: "Jazz bụ okpukpere chi m, na Surrealism bụ echiche m." Ọ bụ onye dere ihe karịrị akwụkwọ iri atọ nke abụ, prose, na collage, n'etiti ha Black Pow-Wow, Beat Funky Jazz Poems, Afrodisia, Jazz is Our Religion, Double Trouble, WOW na Teducation .

Akụkọ ndụ ya 
A mụrụ Joans na Cairo, Illinois, dị ka Theodore Jones . Nne na nna ya na-arụ ọrụ n'ụgbọ mmiri ndị na-agafe osimiri Ohio na Mississippi. Ọ na-akpọ opi ma bụrụ onye na-anụ ọkụ n'obi jazz aficionado, na-eso Bop ka ọ na-etolite, ma nọgide na-akwado jazz nke ụdị na oge niile n'oge ndụ ya niile. O tolitere na Fort Wayne, Indiana, na Louisville, Kentucky, ọ nwetara akara ugo mmụta na nka na Mahadum Indiana, tupu ọ kwaga n'afọ 1951 na obodo New York.

Na ọbọdọ New York, o sere n'ụdị ọ kpọrọ Jazz Action ma gụọ uri ya, na-emepe ụdị okwu ọnụ nke a na-akpọ abụ Jazz. Ọ bụ onye sonyere na Beat Generation na Greenwich Village . Ọ bụ onye dịkọrọ ndụ na enyi Jack Kerouac na Allen Ginsberg, Leroi Jones (nke e mechara mara dị ka Amiri Baraka), Gregory Corso, Diane Di Prima, Bob Kaufman, Lawrence Ferlinghetti na ndị ọzọ. Joans na nnukwu onye egwu jazz bụ Charlie Parker nwere ọnụ ụlọ ruo oge ụfọdụ. Fred McDarrah na Weegee sere bọọlụ ejiji bohemian nke Joans na nnọkọ mgbazinye.

Joans tinyekwara aka nke ukwuu na Surrealism, na-ezute Joseph Cornell, ma na mbụ ya na dike nwata ya bụ Salvador Dalí nso, mgbe ahụ n'oge na-adịghị anya ya na ya gbawara. Na Paris, a nabatara Joans na otu André Breton. Joans bụ onye Afrịka maara ihe ma na-eme njem dị ukwuu na kọntinent ahụ, na-ejikarị ụkwụ, n'ime ọtụtụ iri afọ n'etiti oge na Europe na North America, na-ahọrọ ibi ndụ na-arịwanye elu. Dị ka onye nkwusa John Calder kwuru, "Joans gbanwere onwe ya na ụdị ndụ nke ndị na-ese ihe na Harlem na Greenwich Village, London nke afọ 1950s na 60s, Paris nke afọ mgbe60s ruo 90s, yana nke obodo ndị ọzọ dị na Europe na Timbuktu, na Mali, ebe ọ nọrọ ọtụtụ oge oyi. " Site n'afọ 1960 gaa n'ihu, Joans nwere ụlọ na Tangier, Morocco, wee na Timbuktu. Mgbe ọ kwụsịrị ịkpọ opi, ọ nọgidere na-enwe mmetụta jazz n'ịgụ uri ya ma soro ndị egwu na-arụkọ ọrụ ugboro ugboro. Ọ gara n'ihu na-eme njem ma na-enwe akwụkwọ ozi na ọtụtụ ndị na-emepụta ihe, n'etiti ha bụ Langston Hughes, Michel Leiris, Aimé Césaire, Robert Creeley, Jayne Cortez, Stokely Carmichael, Ishmael Reed na Paul Bowles, Franklin na Penelope Rosemont; ọtụtụ n'ime akwụkwọ ozi ndị a na-anakọta na ọbá akwụkwọ nke Bancroft nke Mahadum California Berkeley. Mahadum Delaware nwere akwụkwọ ozi ya na Charles Henri Ford. Joans bụkwa onye na-ede akwụkwọ / onye sonyere na Chicago Surrealist Group.

Ihe osise Joans bụ Bird Lives kwụ na De Young Museum na San Francisco. Ọ bụkwa onye malitere akụkọ "Bird Lives" na graffiti na New York City mgbe Charlie Parker nwụsịrị na Machị 1955. Joans visual art work spans collages, assemblage objects, paintings and drawings including many resulting from the collaborative surrealist game Cadavre Exquis . Rhinoceros bụ isiokwu a na-ahụkarị na ọrụ ya na mgbasa ozi niile. O mekwara obere ihe nkiri Super 8.

N'oge mmalite afọ 1980 Joans bụ onye edemede bi na Berlin, Germany, n'okpuru nkwado nke usoro DAAD (Deutsche Akademische Austauschdienst). Ọ bụ onye na-enye aka na edemede jazz na nyocha na magazin dịka Coda na Jazz Magazine . Ihe odide akụkọ ndụ ya "Je Me Vois" pụtara na Contemporary Authors Autobiographical Series, Mpịakọta nke iri abuo na ise, nke Gale Research bipụtara. E tinyela ọrụ ya n'ọtụtụ anthologies, gụnyere The Poetry of the Negro, 1746–1970 (1970), nke Langston Hughes na Arna Bontemps (1970), A Broadside Treasury, nke Gwendolyn Brooks (1971), na For Malcolm, nke Dudley Randall na Margaret Taylor Goss Burroughs (1973).

Na ngwụsị afọ 1990 Joans kwagara Seattle ma biri n'ebe ahụ na Vancouver, n'etiti njem, ruo mgbe ọ nwụrụ. Ọ bụ onye natara Ihe nrite Akwụkwọ nke Amerika Ihe nrite Mmeri Ndụ n'afọ 2001, site n'aka ntọala tụpụ Columbus

Ted Joans nwụrụ na Vancouver, British Columbia, n'ihi nsogbu ọrịa shuga. O nwere ụmụ iri ma gụọ otu n'ime ụmụ ya nwanyị Daline, n'aha Salvador Dalí.

Ọrụ ya ndị e bipụtara 

 Funky Jazz Poems (1959), New York: Rhino Review .
 Beat Poems (1959), New York: Deretchink .
 All of Ted Joans and No More(1961), with collages by the author, New York: Excelsior Press.
 Eziokwu (1960)
 The Hipsters with collages by the author (1961), New York: Corinth .
 A Black Pow-Wow Of Jazz Poems (1969), London: Marion Boyars Publishers Ltd.
 Black Pow-Wow Jazz Poems (1969), New York: Hill and Wang.
 Afrodisia (1970), na collages site n'aka onye edemede, London: Marion Boyars Publishers Ltd.
 Afrodisia; New Poems (1970), New York: Hill and Wang.
 A Black Manifesto in Jazz Poetry and Prose (1971), London: Calder and Boyars .
 Cogollo Caniculaire (1977), ya na onye na-ese ihe Heriberto Cogollo na onye na-ede uri Joyce Mansour, Rome (Italy): Carlo Bestetti.
 Flying Piranha (1978), ya na onye na-ede uri Joyce Mansour, New York: Bola Press .
 Der Erdferkelforscher / The Aardvark Watcher (1980), nke Richard Anders sụgharịrị, Berlin: LCB-Editionen .
 Vergriffen: oder Blitzlieb Poems (1979), Kassel (Germany): Loose Blätter Press.
 Mehr Blitzliebe Poems (1982), Hamburg (Germany): Michael Kellner Verlag.
 Merveilleux Coup de Foudre (1982) ya na onye na-ede uri Jayne Cortez, na French, nke Ms. Ila Errus na M. Sila Errus sụgharịrị, Paris: Handshake Editions .
 Sure, Really I Is (1982), with collages by the author, Sidmouth (UK): Transformaction.
 Dies und Das: Ein Magazin von actuellem surrealistischen interesse (1984), Berlin.
 Double Trouble (1991), ya na onye na-ede uri Hart Leroy Bibbs, Paris: Revue Noire, Editions Bleu Outremer .
 Honeyspoon (1993), Paris: Handshake Editions.
 Okapi Passion (1994), Oakland: Ishmael Reed Publishing Company.
 WOW (1998), ya na onye na-ese ihe Laura Corsiglia, Mukilteo (Washington): Quartermoon Press.
 Teducation: Selected Poems 1949–1999 (1999), illustrations by Heriberto Cogollo, Minneapolis: Coffee House Press.
 Họrọ otu ma ọ bụ karịa: Poems (2000), Berkeley: The Bancroft Library Press .
 Our Thang: Several Poems, Several Drawings (2001), ya na onye na-ese ihe Laura Corsiglia, Victoria (Canada): Ekstasis Editions.
 Na Thursday Sane (2001), na ihe osise nke onye edemede, Davis (California): Swan Scythe Press.

Ihe Odide banyere Ted Joans 

 Michel Fabre, "Ted Joans: the Surrealist Griot" na From Harlem to Paris: Black American Writers in France 1840–1980, University of Illinois, 1991.
 Robert Elliot Fox, "Ted Joans and the (b)reach of the African American literary canon", in MELUS, Vol. 29, nos 3/4 (Fall/Winter 2004), Gale Literature Resource Center.
 Joanna Pawlik, "Ted Joans' surrealist history lesson", in International Journal of Francophone Studies, Vol. 14, issue 1 & 2 (2011). doi: 10.1386/ijfs.14.1&2.221_1

Ted Joans na ihe nkiri 

 Jazz and Poetry on YouTube (1964) by Louis van Gasteren, Amsterdam. Ted Joans reads with Piet Kuiters Modern Jazz Group, excerpt on YouTube.
 Pan-African Cultural Festival / Festival panafricain d'Alger (1969) nke William Klein, France / Algeria dere. Ihe ngosi Ted Joans na-agụ akwụkwọ na Archie Shepp na ndị egwu Touareg.
 Jazz is Our Religion on YouTube (1971), directed by John Jeremy with the photographs of Val Wilmer. Features Ted Joans' voice reading one of his signature poems, "Jazz is My Religion".
 Ted Joans and David Amram Scat on YouTube (1994) at Jack Kerouac conference, New York University.
 Site na St. Louis ruo Dogon Country (1999) bụ akụkụ nke usoro BBC Great Railway Journeys. nke David Hickman duziri, nke Danny Glover dere. Akụkụ Joans na Danny Glover, Clyde Taylor na ndị ọzọ na Mali.
 WOW! Ted Joans Lives! nke Kurt Hemmer na Tom Knoff (2010). Otuto nye Ted Joans, nke gosipụtara ọgụgụ ya na Harper College, Palatine, Illinois, na 2002.

Ọgụgụ ndị ọzọ 

 Yuko Otomo, "Ka anyị nweta TEDucated! Tribute to Ted Joans", ARTEDOLIA, June 2015.
 Ted Joans tribute at Milk
 "Bird and the Beats", nke Ted Joans dere
 "The Teducated Mouth", Ted Joans gbara ajụjụ ọnụ site n'aka John Barbato, Oaxaca (a gbara ajụjụ ọnụ na Nọvemba 2002 ma bipụta ya na Zocalo n'oge ọkọchị 2003); na magazin Empty Mirror .
 Ajụjụ ọnụ Ted Joans na NPR, All Things Considered with Marcie Sillman, 2001.
 Nyocha nke Teducation na WOW site n'aka Jack Foley na magazin Konch.
 Karima Boudou, "Beauford Delaney na Ted Joans", Africanah: Arena for Contemporary African, African-American and Caribbean Art, April 28, 2018.

Edensibia