Robert Douglass Jr.
Robert Douglass Jr. (1809 rụo ụbọchị irí abụọ na isii n'ọnwa Ọktoba, 1887) bụ ónyé Africa-America na-ese ihe na ónyé isi na-eme ihe iké na Philadelphia.

Akụkọ ndụ 
 
A mụrụ ya na Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, na 1809, Robert Douglass Jr. bụ nwá nke ónyé abolitionist na ndị isi ọbọdọ Robert Douglass Sr., si n'àgwàetiti Caribbean nke St Kitts, na Grace Bustill Douglass, nwa nwanyị Cyrus Bustill. Nwanne ya nwanyị bụ ónyé na-ese ihe na ónyé abolitionist Sarah Mapps Douglass; o nwekwara ụmụnne anọ ndị ọzọ.

Douglass Jr. rụrụ ọrụ dị mkpà na National Colored Conventions ma jee ozi dị ka odeakwụkwọ na 1855 Convention.

Ọ zụrụ na Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, nkè na-anabataghị ụmụ akwụkwọ ojii, ma zụọkwa na Royal Academy of Arts mgbè ọ na-eleta London. Nwa akwụkwọ Thomas Sully, ọ gàrà n'ihu na-eduzi nwa nwanne ya na ónyé na-ese ihe, David Bustill Bowser.

Douglass kụziri na Institute for Colored Youth. Otu édémédé sitere na 1890 ghọtara ya dị ka "ónyé na-ese foto nke nwéré uru ụfọdụ".  Ọ na-ese ihe osise ala ma a na-ewere ya dị ka ónyé na-ese foto Africa-America mbụ na Philadelphia. Ọrụ ndị a ma ama gụnyere foto nke ndị abolitionist gụnyere William Lloyd Garrison na James Forten na 1834. Azụmaahịa ya gụnyere ihe osise na ihe ịchọ mma ime ụlọ. Obere ọrụ ya ka dị.

Douglass kwagara Haiti na 1824, site na nkwado nke Haitian Emigration Society nke Philadelphia, nzukọ nke Richard Allen na Forten guzobere. Douglass kwagara Jamaica na ngwụcha afọ 1840 mana o mechara laghachi Philadelphia. Ọ nwụrụ n'ebe ahụ n'abalị iri abụọ na isii n'ọnwa Ọktoba n'afọ 1887 ma lie ya ugbu a n'ebe a na-eli ozu Eden Cemetery, Collingdale, ebe a na-ili ọtụtụ ndị Africa America a ma ama na Philadelphia bụ ndị biri ma nwụọ na ngwụcha narị afọ nkè iri na itoolu na mmalite narị afọ nke irí abụọ.

Hụkwa 

 Ndị Africa-America nọ n'ọkwá dị elu

Edensibia

Njikọ mpụga 

 "Robert M. Douglass, Jr." (ihe ncheta). Salt Lake City, Utah: Chọta ili.