Calvin C. Hernton
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Calvin Coolidge Hernton (28 Eprel, 1932 - 30 Septemba, 2001) bụ onye mba Amerịka na-ahụ maka mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya, onye na-ede uri na onye edemede, onye ama ama maka ọmụmụ ya nke 1965 Sex and Racism in America, nke a kọwara dị ka "ile anya n'ezoghị ọnụ na ọrụ esemokwu mmekọahụ na-arụ na nkewa agbụrụ America, ọ nyekwara aka setịpụ ụda maka ọtụtụ nkatọ mmekọrịta ndị Africa na ibe ya n'ime afọ iri sochirinụ. "

Akụkọ ndụ 
A mụrụ Hernton na Chattanooga, Tennessee, United States, n'ọnwa Eprel 28, afọ 1932. Ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ na Talladega College na Alabama, ebe ọ natara B.A. na sociology (1954), na Mahadum Fisk, ebe ọ nwetara nzere masta. N'etiti afọ 1950, ọ rụrụ ọrụ dị ka onye ọrụ ebere na New York City. Ọ gụkwara uri n'ebe ahụ ma soro guzobe magazin Umbra, nke bipụtara nchịkọta ndị edemede ojii gụnyere Langston Hughes, Ishmael Reed na Alice Walker. Hernton mechara gaa London ma soro Institute of Phenomenological Studies (1965–69), na-agụ akwụkwọ n'okpuru R. D. Laing. Hernton nọ na-arụsi ọrụ ike n'akụkụ Obi Egbuna, C. L. R. James na ndị ọzọ na Antiuniversity of London.

Ọ laghachiri US na 1970, wee gaa Oberlin College dị ka onye edemede na ebe obibi ma mgbe afọ abụọ gasịrị, ọ sonyeere ngalaba Black Studies. Ọ bụ Prọfesọ nke African-American Studies n'ebe ahụ ruo mgbe ọ lara ezumike nká n'afọ 1999.

Hernton bụ onye dere akwụkwọ itoolu nke na-egosipụta ihe odide ya dị ka onye na-ede uri, onye na-ede akwụkwọ, onye edemede, onye na-ede egwuregwu, na onye ọkà mmụta sayensị na-elekọta mmadụ, gụnyere Sex and Racism In America (1965), nke a sụgharịrị n'ọtụtụ asụsụ, na The Sexual Mountain and Black Women Writers: Adventures in Sex, Literature, and Real Life (1987). E bipụtakwara uri ya na Essence, Evergreen Review na Black Scholar, n'etiti ebe ndị ọzọ, na ndekọ dị iche iche ma mee ya na egwuregwu na Broadway na njem.

N'afọ 2011, Chelsea Art Museum mepụtara ihe nkiri nke Black Zero, ihe Aldo Tambellini mere na Group Center ọtụtụ oge n'etiti afọ 1963 nakwa afọ 1965. Ihe ndekọ ụda nke Hernton na-agụ uri ya na-esonyere Ben Morea na Henry Grimes.

Hernton nwụrụ na Oberlin, Ohio, mgbe ọ dị afọ 69.

Akwụkwọ ọgụgụ 
Akụkọ ifo

 Scarecrow (novel; 1974)

Akụkọ Ihe Mere Mere Eme 

 Mmekọahụ na ịkpa ókè agbụrụ na America (Doubleday, 1965)
 White Papers for White Americans (Doubleday, 1966)
 Ịbịkọta ọnụ: Ike ojii, ịkpọasị ọcha, na Mmekọahụ (Doubleday, 1971)
 (ya na Joseph Berke) The Cannabis Experience: An Interpretative Study of the Effects of Marijuana and Hashish (London: Peter Owen, 1974)
 The Sexual Mountain and Black Women Writers: Adventures in Sex, Literature, and Real Life (1987)

uri

 The Coming of Chronos to the House of Nightsong: An Epical Narrative of the South (Interim Books, 1964)
 Medicine Man: Collected Poems (Reed Cannon & Johnson Publishing, 1976)
 The Red Crab Gang na Black River Poems (Ishmael Reed Publishing Company, 1999)
 Selected Poems (Wesleyan University Press, forthcoming, 2022)

Egwuregwu

 Obi ụtọ ịnwụ (1958)
 Ọkụ (1958)
 Ebe ahụ (1972)
 (Egwuregwu ndị a ka ebipụtaghị)

Onyinye maka Anthologies

 (Poetry) Rosey E. Pool, ed., Beyond the Blues: New Poems by American Negroes (Hand & Flower Press, 1962)
 (Poetry and essay) LeRoi Jones na Larry Neal, eds, Black Fire: An Anthology of Afro-American Writing (Morrow, 1969)

Ebensidee

Ịgụgụ ọzọ 

 Tom Dent, ‘A Voice from a Tumultuous Time’ (review of Medicine Man), Obsidian, Vol.6 (Spring-Summer 1980), pp. 103–6.
 David Grundy, A Black Arts Poetry Machine: Amiri Baraka and the Umbra Poets (London: Bloomsbury, 2019).
 Michel Oren, "The Enigmatic Career of Hernton's Scarecrow", Callaloo, Volume 29, Number 2, Spring 2006, pp. 608–618.
 Lauri Ramey, "Calvin Hernton: Portrait of a Poet", na Lauri Ramey (ed.), The Heritage Series of Black Poetry, 1962-1975: A Research Compendium (Aldershot: Ashgate, 2008).
 Lorenzo Thomas, Extraordinary Measures: Afrocentric Modernism and Twentieth Century American Poetry (Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2000), pp. 133–6.

Njikọ mpụga 

 
 Margalit Fox, "Calvin Hernton, 69, Scholar Of American Race Relations" (obituary), The New York Times, October 10, 2001.
 "Medicine Man" nke Calvin Hernton dere, African American Registry
 FBI file on Calvin Hernton at the Internet Archive