Phantom structure
Phantom structures are artificial structures designed to emulate properties of the human body in matters such as, including, but not limited to, light scattering and optics, electrical conductivity, and sound wave reception. Phantoms have been used experimentally in lieu of, or as a supplement to, human subjects to maintain consistency, verify reliability of technologies, or reduce experimental expense. They also have been employed as material for training technicians to perform imaging. Optical phantoms Optical tissue phantoms, or imaging phantoms, are reported to be used largely for three main purposes: to calibrate optical devices, record baseline reference measurements, and for imaging the human body. Optical tissue phantoms may have irregular shape of body parts. Composite Materials Optical phantoms can be made from a number of materials. These are including but not limited to: homogenized milk non-dairy creamer wax blood and yeast suspension water-soluble dye (India ink) intralipid latex microspheres solid epoxy liquid rubber silicone polyester polyurethane Computational phantoms Computational human phantoms have many uses, including but not limited to, biomedical imaging computational modeling and simulations, radiation dosimetry, and treatment planning. Physiological models Phantom head While using research oriented and Commercial Off The Shelf (COTS) EEG technologies built for monitoring brain activity,