Zakarawayh ibn Mihrawayh
Zakarawayh ibn Mihrawayh, () often misspelled as Zikrawayh in modern sources, was an Isma'ili and Qarmatian leader in Iraq who led a series of revolts against the Abbasid Caliphate in the 900s, until his defeat and death in January 907. Early life and career He was born in the village of al-Maysaniyya, near the town of Saw'ar in the Kufa area, adjacent to the Hadd canal. His father was one of the first followers of the Isma'ili missionary (dā'ī) Abu Muhammad Abdan. Already in his youth, Zakarawayh was appointed a dā'ī for his native district of Saylahin. There he was active among the Banu Tamim, a Bedouin tribe living between the fertile lands of the Euphrates and the Syrian Desert. In 899, a major rift occurred in the Isma'ili movement, when Abu Muhammad Abdan and his brother-in-law Hamdan Qarmat denounced the movement's secret leadership at Salamiya, which had been taken over by Sa'id ibn al-Husayn, the future founder of the Fatimid Caliphate. Shortly after that, Hamdan Qarmat disappeared, while Abu Muhammad was murdered in the same year at the instigation of Zakarawayh, apparently on the instructions of Salamiya. After Hamdan's disappearance, the term "Qarmatians" was retained by all Isma'ilis who