MultiAir
MultiAir or Multiair is a hydraulically actuated variable valve timing (VVT) and variable valve lift (VVL) engine technology enabling "cylinder by cylinder, stroke by stroke" control of intake air directly via a gasoline engine's inlet valves. Developed by Fiat Powertrain Technologies, the technology addresses a primary engine inefficiency: pumping losses caused by restricting intake passage by the throttle plate that regulates air feeding the cylinders. Fiat S.p.A., now known as Stellantis, launched MultiAir in 2009 employing a proprietary electro-hydraulic system to precisely control air intake without a throttle valve, to increase engine power and torque, reduce fuel consumption, reduce emissions, and improve engine operation, offering "a more controllable flow of air during the combustion cycle in comparison with mechanical VVT systems." The technology allows engines to be lighter and smaller while reducing pumping losses. It can be adapted to existing engines by replacing the camshaft with the MultiAir system, thus requiring a new head only. MultiAir was licensed to the Schaeffler Group in 2011, which also markets the system as Uniair. Schaeffler began supplying Uniair systems in 2017 to Jaguar Land Rover, branded as Ingenium technology. Compatible with both naturally aspirated and forced-induction engines, MultiAir technology was patented by Fiat