Florence Elfelt Bramhall
Florence Elfelt Bramhall (April 2, 1862 – December 22, 1924) was an American clubwoman and forest conservationist, based in Minnesota. She headed women's club efforts to create the forest preserve that became the Chippewa National Forest. Early life Florence Adelaide Elfelt was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota, the daughter of businessman Abram S. Elfelt and Susan Carroll Fryer Elfelt. Her parents were both born in Pennsylvania; her family was Jewish, and her father was a founder and president of the B'nai B'rith Lodge in Saint Paul. Career Bramhall was active in the leadership of the Minnesota Federation of Women's Clubs and president of the Saint Paul Women's Civic League. She worked with the city on building playgrounds, and took a particular interest in forest conservation. In 1901 she spoke before the Minnesota state senate on the subject. Bramhall and professor Maria Sanford are credited with ensuring the preservation of over 600,000 acres of pine forest in Minnesota, now part of the Chippewa National Forest, the first national forest east of the Mississippi River. In addresses to the State Forestry Association, the State Horticultural Association, and the State Agricultural Association, Bramhall advocated a "forest park" concept, with scientific forestry practices. "It