Jakob Heinrich Hermann Schwartz
Jakob Heinrich Hermann Schwartz (3 November 1821 in Neuenkirchen, near Itzehoe – 30 October 1890 in Göttingen) was a German obstetrician and gynecologist. He was the father of classical philologist Eduard Schwartz (1858–1940). He studied medicine at the University of Halle under Peter Krukenberg and at the University of Kiel as a pupil of Bernhard von Langenbeck and Gustav Adolf Michaelis. In 1847 he received his medical doctorate at Kiel with the thesis "De neonatorum pemphigo". From 1848 to 1851 he served as a physician with the Schleswig-Holstein army, then afterwards returned to Kiel as an assistant to Carl Conrad Theodor Litzmann. In 1852 he obtained his habilitation for obstetrics, and in 1859 relocated to Marburg as a professor and director of the university Frauenklinik. In 1862 he succeeded Eduard Caspar Jacob von Siebold as director of the clinic for obstetrics and gynecology at the University of Göttingen. Here he remained up until his retirement in 1888, his replacement being Max Runge. While working as a privatdozent at the University of Kiel he conducted important research on fetal respiration in utero, publishing the treatise "Die vorzeitigen Athembewegungen" (1858) as a result. In 1876 he performed the first ovariotomy using aseptic