Federalist No. 22
Federalist No. 22 is an essay by Alexander Hamilton, the twenty-second of The Federalist Papers. It was first published by The New York Packet on December 14, 1787, under the pseudonym "Publius", the name under which all The Federalist papers were published. This essay continues with a theme started in Federalist No. 21. It is titled "The Same Subject Continued: Other Defects of the Present Confederation". The power to regulate commerce is one of the strongest reasons to switch from the Articles of Confederation to a stronger "federal superintendence." The lack of a general authority "to regulate commerce" "has operated as a bar to the formation of beneficial treaties with foreign powers" and has also led to dissatisfaction between the states. Several States have attempted to create concert "prohibitions, restrictions, and exclusions, to influence the conduct of that kingdom in this particular" area. However, "arising from the lack of a general authority, and from clashing and dissimilar views in the States, has hitherto frustrated every experiment of the kind, and will continue to" hinder the true growth that could be realized under a federal system. Aside from the regulation of commerce, the power to raise and keep an army, under