Nakajima Ki-12
The was a private development Nakajima Aircraft Company after its failure to meet the 1935 requirement issued by the Japanese government for a modern single-seat monoplane fighter with the Ki-11 design. Design & Development Design work on the Ki-12 was a collaboration between engineers Roger Robert and Jean Beziaud from the French Dewoitine firm and Shigenobu Mori, a Nakajima engineer, and was heavily influenced by the Dewoitine D.510 design. Nakajima wanted the new design to be the most technically advanced in Japan. Based on the Ki-11 airframe, the engine was replaced by a liquid-cooled Hispano-Suiza 12Xcrs V engine. The landing gear were fully retractable (the first Japanese design to have this feature), and the design introduced the use of slotted flaps. Proposed armament consisted of a 20 mm cannon firing from between the engine cylinders and twin 7.7 mm (.303 in) machine guns. The Ki-12 was tested against the Mitsubishi Ki-18. Although technically advanced and with advantages in speed, range and firepower over the other contemporary Japanese fighter designs, the Ki-12 was deemed too heavy and complex by the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force. The IJAAF also felt that the design was lacking in maneuverability, and would not want to