Irving Bluestone
Irving Julius Bluestone (January 5, 1917 – November 17, 2007) was an American trade union leader. He was the chief negotiator for almost a half a million workers at General Motors in the 1970s, and an advocate of worker participation in management. He was born in Brooklyn, New York to Herman and Rebecca Chasman Bluestone, Lithuanian Jewish emigrants. Intending to teach, he graduated from New York's City College in 1937 with a degree in German literature. He spent a year at the University of Bern in Switzerland, where he bought a bicycle for $2 and toured Europe. He became aware of the Nazi terror when a priest to whom he had shown a letter of introduction refused to speak to Bluestone, a Jew, reportedly out of fear of Nazi reprisal. "I became convinced", Bluestone would state in 1970, "that only a strong labor movement can preserve democracy. The first thing that Hitler did was to destroy the labor parties in Germany." Mr. Bluestone returned to the United States, landing a job at a GM plant in Harrison, New Jersey and plunging into union activities. He became a protégé of Walter Reuther in 1946. Bluestone was vice president of the UAW's