Xylotrupes gideon
Xylotrupes gideon, the brown rhinoceros beetle, is a species of large scarab beetle belonging to the subfamily Dynastinae. Subspecies Seven subspecies have been identified. Xylotrupes gideon australicus Xylotrupes gideon borneensis Minck, 1920 Xylotrupes gideon gideon (Linnaeus, 1767) Xylotrupes gideon kaszabi Xylotrupes gideon lakorensis Silvestre, 2002 Xylotrupes gideon sawuensis Silvestre, 2002 Xylotrupes gideon sondaicus Silvestre, 2002 Xylotrupes gideon tonkinensis Minck, 1920 Distribution This species is widespread in India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Indonesia: Java (nominotypical form), Borneo (borneensis), Sunda Islands and Moluccas. Description Xylotrupes gideon can reach a length of . As usual with rhinoceros beetles there is a great difference between the genders. Males are larger than females. They have two chitinous bifurcated horns, a thick thoracic horn and a smaller cephalic horn, which they use to eliminate their rivals during the mating period. These beetles are shiny dark red, dark brown, or black in coloration. The eyes are located on each side of the head. When disturbed these beetles make a hissing noise, produced by rubbing the tip of the abdomen against the edge the elytra. Males with transverse, scantily punctured head; clypeus elongate, scantily and minutely punctured. Antenna with 10 segments. Pronotum and scutellum scantily and minutely punctured. Elytra