Hawaiian rail
The Hawaiian rail (Zapornia sandwichensis), Hawaiian spotted rail, or Hawaiian crake is an extinct species of diminutive rail that lived on Big Island of Hawaii. Taxonomy Considerable confusion has been created by the existence of two distinct forms. While it cannot be completely excluded that early specimens were collected on another island, only Oahu and Kauai seem possible given the history of the specimens' collection, and only on the latter island is a similar-sized species now known to have once existed. However, the bones from Kauai are in the upper size range of those found of sandwichensis, while the specimens of the lighter form are all of smaller birds. This bird was only the size of a Laysan rail; it may have been the bird named iao or iao, which would place its extinction at a relatively recent date. Also, there are some bones of a third species, approximately 15% larger than P. sandwichensis, found near Kailua-Kona. The generally accepted theory is that the lighter birds represent immatures, and certainly only such specimens have been described as young birds (the Hanover specimen is labeled as "juvenile"), but since the exact collection localities are not known with sufficient detail, only DNA