Karoniaktajeh Louis Hall
Karoniaktajeh Louis Hall (January 15, 1918 – December 9, 1993) was an Indigenous American artist, writer and activist of the Kahnawake Mohawk Territory. He is most widely known for his design of the "Mohawk Warrior Flag", also known as the "Unity Flag", that was used as a symbol of resistance by the Rotisken’rakéhte, or Mohawk Warrior Society, in the 1990 Oka Crisis. Hall is known for being a strong participant in the reviving of the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) spiritual traditions and Kanonsiononwe (Longhouse) culture. Hall was an expert on the Kaianera'kó:wa (Great Law of Peace), the Iroquois Confederacy constitution, and was a pivotal part of the establishment of the Ganienkeh Mohawk Territory. Activism and art practice Hall was one of the first accomplished Indigenous American artists of the 20th century that had an explicitly political artistic practice. Hall was a self-taught painter and was a notable artist among the "Red Power" Movement. His work had elements of traditional painting, political propaganda, and graphic design. In addition to his visual practice, Hall also published newsletters and books, including A Tale of One Mohawk, The Warriors' Handbook, Rebuilding the Iroquois Confederacy, and The Mohawk Warrior Society: A Handbook on Sovereignty and Survival. Apart