Beyond the Alps
"Beyond the Alps" is a poem by Robert Lowell. Overview According to Saskia Hamilton, the editor of Lowell's Letters, Lowell wrote the original version of the poem in 1952. The poem was inspired by a trip to Europe that he took with his second wife Elizabeth Hardwick. It documents his journey, by train, through the Alps, from Rome to Paris in 1950 and captures his feelings towards his waning faith in Catholicism. Evidence of this interpretation can be heard at Lowell's 1963 poetry reading at the Guggenheim Museum, when he introduced his reading of "Beyond the Alps" by stating that, "[the poem was] a declaration of my faith or lack of faith." He has stated that "the poem is about people who go beyond nature... Mussolini or the Pope.... What [the poem] means theologically, I think, is impenetrable." The poem begins Lowell's Life Studies and this is significant because it marks a break from his previous books which were written while Lowell was much more serious, even fervent, about his Catholic faith (and a recent convert as well). Multiple versions Lowell published three different versions of this poem. The poem originally appeared in Kenyon Review in 1953. Then, Lowell published