Conrad (name)

Conrad is a masculine given name and a surname.

Origin and meaning
It is derived from the Proto-Germanic name Konrad, from conja meaning "bold" and rad "counsel". It was the name of a 10th-century bishop of Constance, and became popular in post-medieval English and post-medieval French. It regained popularity in the English-speaking world in the 19th century. It is recorded as a surname as early as 1297.

There are over one hundred forms and spelling variants of the surname, including:
German:  Konrad, Kohrt, Kordt, Kunrad, Kuhndert, Kuhnt, and Kurth
Dutch: Coen, Coenraad, Koen(raad), Koendert, Koene
Afrikaans: Conradie
Swedish: Konrad
Icelandic : Konráður
Irish: Ó Conradh (In Irish, the word conradh also means "league" or "alliance")
Latvia: Konrāds
Polish: Konrad
Czech and Slovak: Konrád
Italian: Corrado
Hungarian: Konrád
Spanish and Portuguese: Conrado
Diminutives:  Kienzle, Kuhn, Kunc, Kunz, Kuntz, Kunzel, Zunzelman
Patronymics: Kurten, Coners, Conerding, Conradsen, and Coenraets

People

First name
Conrad, prior of Christ Church at Canterbury from 1108 to 1126
Conrad Aiken (1889–1973), American writer
Conrad Anker (born 1962), American mountaineer
Conrad Bain (1923–2013), Canadian-born American actor
Conrad Bassett-Bouchard (born 1989), American scrabble player
Conrad Black (born 1944), British newspaper publisher and writer
Conrad Buff (born 1948), American film editor
Conrad Burns (born 1935), American politician
Conrad Coleby (born 1979), Australian actor
Conrad K. Cyr (born 1931), American judge
Conrad Knowles (1810–1844), Australian actor
Conrad Dobler (born 1950), American football player
Conrad Felixmüller (1897–1977), German painter and printmaker
Conrad of Gelnhausen (1320–1390), German theologian
Conrad Gessner (1516–1565), Swiss naturalist and bibliographer
Conrad Hall (1926–2003), American cinematographer
Conrad Hilton (1887–1979), American hotelier
Conrad Hilton Jr. (1926–1969), American socialite
Conrad Hubbard, American game designer and writer
Conrad Janis, American jazz musician and actor
Conrad N. Jordan (1830–1903), American banker
Conrad Keely (born 1972), American singer
Conrad Leinemann (born 1971), Canadian beach volleyball player
Conrad of Lichtenberg (1240–1299), German bishop
Conrad Longmire (1921–2010), American theoretical physicist
Conrad Malte-Brun (1755–1826), Danish-born French geographer
Conrad Marais (born 1989), Namibian rugby union player
Conrad Murray (born 1953), Grenadian physician, convicted of the manslaughter of Michael Jackson
Conrad Nagel (1897–1970), American actor
Conrad Nightingale (born 1945), American steeplechase runner
Conrad Phillips (1925–2016), British actor
Conrad Ricamora, American actor and singer
Conrad Richter (1890–1968), American novelist
Conrad Ross, Uruguayan footballer and manager
Conrad Roy (1995–2014), American marine salvage captain whose suicide resulted in a manslaughter conviction of his girlfriend
Conrad Sewell (born 1988), Australian singer
Conrad Smith (born 1981), New Zealand rugby player
Conrad Stoltz (born 1973), South African triathlete
Conrad Veidt (1893–1943), German actor

Surname

Royalty
Conrad I of Germany (890–918)
Conrad the Red (922–955)
Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor (990–1039)
Conrad III of Germany (1093–1152)
Conrad IV of Germany (1228–1254)
Conrad V of Germany (1252–1268)
Conrad I, Duke of Bavaria (1020–1055)
Conrad II, Duke of Bavaria (1052–1055)
Conrad of Burgundy (925–993)
Conrad I, Duke of Carinthia (975–1011)
Conrad II, Duke of Carinthia (1003–1039)
Conrad I, Count of Luxembourg (1040–1086)
Conrad II, Count of Luxembourg (died 1136)
Conrad II of Italy (1074–1101)
Conrad of Montferrat (1140s–1192)
Conrad I, Burgrave of Nuremberg (1186–1261)
Conrad I, Duke of Swabia (died 997)
Conrad II, Duke of Swabia (1173–1196)

Saints
Saint Conrad of Constance (900–975)
Saint Conrad of Parzham (1818–1894)
Saint Conrad of Piacenza (1290–1351)
Blessed Conrad of Offida (1241–1306)
Blessed Conrad of Mondsee (died 1145)
Blessed Conrad of Ottobeuren (died 1227)

Fiction
Conrad S. "Duke" Hauser, fictional First Sergeant of G.I. Joe, elite anti-terrorism task force
Adrian Conrad, fictional character in the television series Stargate SG-1
Hermes Conrad, fictional character of the television series Futurama
Conrad the Cat, Warner Bros. cartoon character
Conrad Ecklie, fictional character in the television series CSI: Crime Scene Investigation
Conrad Birdie, teenage heartthrob in Bye Bye Birdie (musical)
Conrad Grayson, fictional character in the television series Revenge
Conrad McMasters, fictional character on the television series Matlock
Conrad Shepard, fictional character in the Seasons 1–3 of television series Weeds
Conrad Stargard, fictional character in a series of novels by Leo Frankowski
Conrad Weller, fictional character in the Kyo Kara Maoh! series of novels by Tomo Takabayashi
Conrad Walden, fictional character in The Cat in the Hat.


DIVA-GIS

DIVA-GIS is a free geographic information system software program used for the analysis of geographic data, in particular point data on biodiversity. The software was first designed for application to the study of wild potatoes in South America.

Development
DIVA-GIS was developed as a joint project by the International Potato Center in Peru, the International Plant Genetic Resources Institute, the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology at the University of California at Berkeley, the Secretariat of the Pacific Community, and the FAO. DIVA-GIS has a wide range of tools for evaluation of mapping and modeling of habitats. There is a command-line version of the program that has been developed, AVID-GIS.

Formats
DIVA-GIS can process data in all standard GIS formats, including data from ESRI's ArcGIS programs. The program runs on Windows and OS X. DIVA raster files generated may be imported and exported into R or the modeling program Maxent.


Nizhnesikiyazovo

Nizhnesikiyazovo () is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Nizhnesikiyazovsky Selsoviet, Baltachevsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 459 as of 2010. There are 8 streets.


Doe v. Shurtleff

Doe v. Shurtleff, 628 F.3d 1217 (10th Cir. 2010), was a United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit case assessing the constitutionality of Utah Code Ann. § 77-27-21.5, a law that requires sex offenders to register their internet identifiers with the state in order to "assist in investigating kidnapping and sex-related crimes, and in apprehending offenders." In this case, a convicted sex offender, appearing anonymously as John Doe, appealed a decision by the United States District Court for the District of Utah to vacate an order enjoining the enforcement of Utah Code Ann. § 77-27-21.5. Even though Doe did not dispute the state's interest in enacting such a statute, he believed that the statute's enforcement ran afoul of his:
 First Amendment right to engage in anonymous speech;
 Fourth Amendment rights to privacy and freedom from unreasonable search and seizure; and
 the Ex Post Facto Clause of the Constitution.
Upon examining Doe's appeal, the Tenth Circuit determined that Utah's registration statute did not violate Doe's First or Fourth Amendment rights or the Ex Post Facto Clause, and therefore affirmed the lower court's decision to lift the injunction.

Background of the case
Doe was convicted by the United States military court system for sex offenses involving a minor and received an 18-month prison sentence. He was released after 13 months' imprisonment and was neither placed on probation nor put on supervised release. However, as a convicted sex offender residing in Utah, Doe was required to register with the Utah Department of Corrections under the Utah Code Ann. § 77-27-21.5. The statute specifically required Doe to provide "'all online identifiers and passwords used to access' websites where he was using an online identifier'". An exception was granted for identifiers associated with employment and financial accounts. Doe refused to register his identifier information and decided to challenge the law.

Procedural history
Doe sued in the District of Utah to enjoin § 77-27-21.5, arguing that the law infringed his First and Fourth Amendment rights and violated the Ex Post Facto Clause. The District Court invalidated the statute on the grounds that it did not specify restrictions on the manner in which the state could use or disclose a registrant's information, thus hindering Doe's ability to exercise his First Amendment right to speak anonymously.

In response to the District Court's ruling, the Utah legislature amended the registration statute to (1) eliminate the password disclosure requirement and (2) set restrictions on state officials' ability to share offenders' online identifiers with the public. According to Subsection 2 of the amended statute:

The legislature also amended Utah's Government Records Access and Management Act (GRAMA), Utah Code Ann. §§ 63G-2-101 et seq.,  to designate internet identifiers as "private". Under the GRAMA, "private" information may only be disclosed in limited circumstances, such as when requested by the subject of the record, or pursuant to a court order.

Following these amendments, the State of Utah filed a motion under Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Rule 60(b) requesting that the District Court vacate its order enjoining enforcement of Utah Code Ann § 77-27-21.5 in Doe's case. The District Court granted the motion, holding that:
 amendments to Utah Code Ann. § 77-27-21.5 lessened the statute's chilling effect on anonymous speech, thus it no longer violated Doe's First Amendment rights;
 the statute did not threaten Doe's Fourth Amendment rights because Doe did not have a reasonable expectation of privacy in regard to his internet identifiers;
 and (relying on Femedeer v. Haun, 227 F.3d 1244 (10th Cir. 2000)) the statute did not violate the Ex Post Facto clause.
Doe appealed to the Tenth Circuit.

Court of Appeals Opinion
The Tenth Circuit affirmed the District Court's decision to enforce the statute.

I. Did the registration statute violate the First Amendment?

Doe argued that by forcing him to reveal his online identifiers to the state, the Utah registration statute hindered him from exercising his First Amendment right to engage in anonymous speech. Citing to McIntyre v. Ohio Elections Commission, 514 U.S. 334 (1995), and Reno v. ACLU, 521 U.S. 844 (1997), the Tenth Circuit acknowledged that First Amendment protection for anonymous speech was a well-established precedent, and that this protection had been extended to internet communications. However, the Tenth Circuit went on to explain that "a state may permissibly infringe upon this right when its interest is important enough and the law is appropriately tailored to meet the stated interest."

A. Standard of Review
To determine whether the registration statute was a permissible infringement of Doe's First Amendment rights, the Tenth Circuit first needed to determine whether the statute was a content-based restriction. If so, under First Amendment doctrine, the court would determine the law's constitutionality using a strict scrutiny standard. If not, the court would apply intermediate scrutiny, a laxer standard.

Doe argued that strict scrutiny should be applied because the statute took "away Doe's right to choose whether to speak anonymously or under a pseudonym." The Tenth Circuit, however, disagreed. The court held that the registration statute was a content-neutral regulation because it did not favor or disfavor speech on the basis of ideas expressed in the speech, and was not "aimed at 'suppress[ing] the expression of unpopular views.'" The statute was applied to individuals based on their status as convicted sex offenders, not on the basis of any particular idea that they wanted to express; thus, the statute's restrictions on speech were only incidental to the statute's purpose of aiding the police in solving crimes.

Based on its conclusion that the statute was content-neutral, the Tenth Circuit held that an intermediate scrutiny standard should be applied. Under an intermediate scrutiny standard, a law is upheld if the act:
(1) serves a "substantial" government interest and
(2) is "narrowly drawn" to serve that interest without unnecessarily interfering with First Amendment freedoms.

B. Public Disclosure
Having established the standard of review for the constitutionality of Utah Code Ann. § 77-27-21.5, the Court of Appeals went on to assess Doe's substantive claims.

Doe first argued that the registration statute would result in the general public disclosure of sex offenders' internet identifiers, thus significantly chilling anonymous speech, because Subsection (2) of the statute allowed the State to share an offender's online identifier information either "for the purposes under this Subsection (2); or ... in accordance with [the GRAMA]". Doe claimed that because of the use of the word "or" in Subsection (2), state officials would be able to disclose internet identifiers to the general public without the protections afforded by the GRAMA because such disclosure might incidentally "assist in investigating and kidnapping and sex-related crimes," the stated purpose of the subsection. The court disagreed with Doe, holding that the language of Subsection (2) indicated a difference between information that "shall [be made] available to the public" and other information that might be "shared" for purposes of law enforcement or under the terms of the GRAMA. Because the term "share" had been used in the GRAMA and in other Utah privacy statutes to refer to the limited transfer of information between specified (usually government) recipients, and had never been used to refer to the unrestricted disclosure of information to the general public, the court held that it was being used in Subsection (2) of Utah Code Ann. § 77-27-21.5 to refer to limited exchanges of information between law enforcement agencies for law-enforcement purposes. Such exchanges would not significantly deter anonymous speech.

C. Unrestricted Monitoring
Doe also argued that § 77-27-21.5(2) could be broadly interpreted to grant state officials the right to monitor sex offenders' online communications whenever the State deemed it necessary, resulting in the deterrence of speech criticizing oppressive laws or state practices. The Tenth Circuit rejected this argument, reasoning that "to assist in investigating kidnapping and sex-related crimes, and in apprehending offenders" could also be narrowly interpreted to mean that the State may only monitor anonymous communications after a new crime has occurred, and not at all times. The court further noted disclosure of anonymity would occur after the speech had already been made, thus lessening the statute's chilling effect.

D. Overbroad Language
Finally, Doe claimed that the statute violated the First Amendment because it allowed the State to collect identifiers from individuals who were involved in kidnapping offenses. He argued that the underlying offense in kidnapping was not a sex-related crime and that the statute was therefore not "narrowly drawn". The Tenth Circuit rejected this argument because Subsection (2) of the revised statute allowed the collection of information "to assist in investigating" both "kidnapping and sex-related crimes."

II. Did the registration statute violate the Fourth Amendment?

The Tenth Circuit next addressed Doe's Fourth Amendment argument. Doe argued that he had a reasonable expectation of privacy in regard to his online identifiers, and that by forcing him to reveal the identifiers to the State, the registration statute violated Doe's Fourth Amendment right  to be free from unreasonable government searches and seizures. Applying precedent from an earlier decision, US v. Perrine, 518 F.3d 1196 (10th Cir. 2008), the Tenth Circuit held that the statute did not violate the Fourth Amendment because Doe did not have a reasonable expectation of privacy in "information that he voluntarily transmitted to the third party internet providers," including his internet identifiers.

III. Was the registration statute an ex post facto law?

Doe's final argument was that Utah Code Ann. § 77-27-21.5 was an unconstitutional ex post facto law because it "constitute[d] additional criminal punishment for crimes previously committed by those subject to its provisions". Citing Femedeer v. Haun, 227 F.3d 1244 (10th Cir. 2000), an earlier case addressing the ex post facto effect of the same statute, but before the internet identifier requirement had been added, the Tenth Circuit held that the registration of sex offenders' internet identifiers was a civil, as opposed to a criminal, penalty. Because it was only a civil penalty, registration of internet identifiers did not violate the Ex Post Facto clause.

Further reading
Cases

McIntyre v. Ohio Elections Commission, 514 U.S. 334 (1995): Supreme Court of the United States case in which the Court held that the right to speak anonymously is protected by the First Amendment.
''Reno v. ACLU, 521 U.S. 844 (1997): Supreme Court of the United States case indicating that First Amendment protections extend to internet communications.US v. Perrine, 518 F.3d 1196 (10th Cir. 2008): Tenth Circuit case in which the court held that a defendant did not have a reasonable expectation of privacy in subscriber information, including an internet identifier, that he provided to third-party internet providers.Femedeer v. Haun, 227 F.3d 1244 (10th Cir. 2000): Tenth Circuit case in which the court held that sex offender registration requirements under Utah Code Ann. § 77-27-21.5, before addition of the internet identifier registration requirement, constituted a civil and not a criminal penalty.Other ScholarshipPlanning for the Future of Cyber Attack Attribution: Hearing Before the House Subcommittee on Technology and Innovation of the House Committee on Science and Technology: Testimony before a United States House of Representatives subcommittee in which Marc Rottenberg, president of the Electronic Privacy Information Center and a Georgetown University Law Center Adjunct Professor, argued against proposals to create mandatory internet attribution requirements (for all internet users) to increase cyber security. Mr. Rottenberg cited to the District Court opinions in Doe v. Shurtleff to demonstrate how courts have only allowed internet identification requirements to stand under very limited circumstances because of free speech concerns.Internet Safety: Who Will Protect the Children?: Student note in the Berkeley Technology Law Journal reviewing legislative attempts to increase online safety for children, and ultimately concluding that increased education is the best way to balance protection for children online with constitutional concerns.The History and Problems of Utah's Sex Offender Registry: Why a Move from a Conviction-Based to a Risk-Assessment Approach Better Protects Children: Article in the Criminal Law Bulletin describing the development of sex registration statutes in Utah, and concluding that such statutes are ineffective because they focus on conviction status as opposed to risk of recidivism.Myspace, Yourspace, But Not Theirspace: The Constitutionality of Banning Sex Offenders From Social Networking Sites: Student note in the Duke Law Journal assessing the constitutionality of recent legislation prohibiting convicted sex offenders from social networking sites, and arguing for more targeted and narrowly tailored policies.Not in My Library: An Examination of State and Local Bans of Sex Offenders From Public Libraries'': Student Note in the Indiana Law Review analyzing the First Amendment implications of recent legislation prohibiting sex offenders from public libraries.


Vehicle registration plates of Malta

Maltese registration plates are the number plates used within Malta to uniquely identify motor vehicles. Since 1995, the three letter, three number system (ZZZ 999) has been in use in Malta for vehicle registration. The characters are always printed in black on a white background, and to the left one can find a blue box with the Flag of Europe and the letter M (for Malta) underneath it in white. The typeface used on Maltese registration plates is FE-Schrift which is also the typeface used on German vehicle registration plates.

Special number plate series

 Rental cars: all end with a K or QZ (e.g., XXK 001)
 As from 2017, Vintage and Classic vehicle registration plate characters are printed in silver on a black background
 Cars which are being leased: all end with a QZ (e.g., XQZ 001)
 Taxis: letters TAXI and after three numbers one letter M or G (e.g., TAXI 001M for island of Malta or TAXI 001G for Gozo)
 Buses/minibuses/coaches: all end with a PY (e.g., XPY 001)
 Trailers: all begin with a TR (e.g., TR 1234)
 Malta buses (now they are replaced) were formerly registered with DBY, EBY or FBY (e.g., DBY 001, EBY 001 or FBY 001)
 Arriva buses are registered with BUS as their letters (e.g., BUS 001)
 Tax free cars: all begin with a TF (e.g., TFX 001)
 Mobile post offices of Malta: begin with a POSTA (e.g. POSTA 1)
 Government owned cars: all begin with a GV (e.g., GVX 001)
 Police cars are registered using GVP as their letters (e.g., GVP 001)
 Vehicles of the Armed Forces of Malta are registered using GVA as their letters (e.g., GVA 001)
 Vehicles belonging to the Department of Health use GVH letters on their plates (e.g., GVH 001)
 Diplomatic/embassy vehicles use CD as their first 2 letters (e.g., CDX 001)
 Chauffeur driven vehicles used by Ministers of Government use the format GM 99 (the letters GM followed by two numbers; e.g., GM 01)
 The President, the Prime Minister and Archbishop are exempt from number plates and affix their respective emblems instead

Privately owned vehicles

All privately owned vehicles are allocated randomly chosen marks, except that the first letter shows in which month the vehicle's annual tax disc is due for renewal.

The following is a table of letters by month:

These plates may be also personalised in two ways:

Either in the XXX999 format (€200)

Or any combination from one to ten characters and/or numbers which would cost €1500.

History

1800s
A calesse, a type of horse carriage, had to be registered at the Castellania by the 19th century and use registration plates with black and white colours.

Motor vehicles were introduced in Malta around World War I in 1914. These were considered commodities and only the few people could purchase. The main people who owned the first cars were the British and the then higher class of Maltese. By 1919 most Brits started to sell their used cars to Maltese with an affordable price but were mainly used as taxis and for work-related needs such as the transport of goods.

1952 - 1979

From 1952 to 1979, all number-plates in Malta used the format 99999 (5 numbers). Until 1959, plates with red circle permitted to drive in Valletta. Unlike the post-1979 system, they have 7 characters. Special plates:
 Rental cars: Had a yellow background.
 Taxis/buses/coaches: all started with a TAXI (e.g. TAXI 001) and had a red background. While numbers all already used,then TAXI followed by a letter and two numbers (e.g. TAXI A01).
 Privately owned cars, scooters and motorbikes: Numbers only and had a black background.
 Diplomatic and tax exempt cars: all started with a CD (e.g. CD 1) and had a black background.

1979 - 1995

From 1979 to 1995, all number-plates in Malta used the format Z-9999 (a letter and 4 numbers, with a hyphen between the letter and the first number). Towards the right there was the letter M (for Malta) in a circle. Although all characters were printed in black, the background colour varied according to the vehicle's use:
 Rental cars: all started with an X (e.g. X-0001) and had a yellow background.
 Taxis/buses/minibuses/coaches: all started with a Y (e.g. Y-0001) and had a red background.
 Privately owned cars: characters were randomly chosen (i.e. all except for M, Z, X, P and Q) had a white background.
 Diplomatic and tax exempt cars: all started with a Z (e.g. Z-0001) and had a white background.
 Privately owned Scooters and Motorbikes: all started with a P or Q (e.g. P-0001) and had a white background. Unlike the current system, these had licence plates attached to both the front and rear.


HX

HX, Hx, Hx, or hx may refer to:

Businesses and brands
 Dolby HX and Dolby HX Pro, dynamic range headroom extension systems for analog recording on magnetic tape
 Hummer HX, a concept automobile produced by HUMMER
 Rheinmetall MAN Military Vehicles (RMMV) HX range of tactical trucks, a range of in-production military tactical trucks
 Hong Kong Airlines (IATA code)

Other uses
 Hx or hx, a digraph in the Esperanto x-system orthography, representing the consonant sound  or , normally spelled as Ĥ or ĥ in the Esperanto alphabet
 .hx, the file extension for the Haxe programming language
 HX (convoy), a convoy code used during World War II
 Hx or Hx, medical history
 HX postcode area, UK, covering Halifax, Elland, Hebden Bridge and Sowerby Bridge in England
 Short name for Harolds Cross an inner suburb on the south side of Dublin, Ireland.
 Hydrogen halide, a chemical compound
 Informal engineering shorthand for heat exchanger


Chris Cox (voice actor)

Christopher Cox is an American voice actor who has worked on films, animated television series, and video games.

Career
In television, he is best known for his work in Family Guy, providing his voice in a total of 106 episodes. He is also known for his work in Jak and Daxter, Skylanders, Batman: Arkham, and several Marvel, DC, and Star Wars titles. He co-created, co-wrote, and produced the reality TV program Small Shots which ran from 2001–2003, a writer for the 2005 television series Con, a supervising producer for the 2006 television sitcom Free Ride, and writer for the 2007 webseries Voicemail.

Filmography

Film

Television

Video games

Other


Names for the human species

The common name of the human species in English is historically man (from Germanic), often replaced by the Latinate human (since the 16th century).

In addition to the generally accepted taxonomic name Homo sapiens (Latin: "sapient man",  Linnaeus 1758), other Latin-based names for the human species have been created to refer to various aspects of the human character.

Some of these are ironic of the self-ascribed nobility immanent in the choice of sapiens, others are serious references to human universals that may be considered defining characteristics of the species. Most of these refer to  linguistic, intellectual, spiritual, aesthetic, social or technological abilities taken to be unique to humanity.

In the world's languages

The Indo-European languages have a number of inherited terms for mankind.
The etymon of man is found in the Germanic languages, and is cognate with Manu, the name of the human progenitor in Hindu mythology, and found in Indic terms for "man" (manuṣya, manush, manava etc.).

Latin homo is derived from an Indo-European root dʰǵʰm- "earth", as it were  "earthling". It has cognates in Baltic (Old Prussian zmūi),  Germanic (Gothic guma) and Celtic (Old Irish duine).
This is comparable to the explanation given in the Genesis narrative to the Hebrew Adam (אָדָם) "man", derived from a word for "red, reddish-brown". Etymologically, it may be an ethnic or racial classification (after "reddish" skin colour contrasting with both "white" and "black"), but Genesis takes it to refer to the reddish colour of earth, as in the narrative the first man is formed from earth.

Other Indo-European languages name man for his mortality, *mr̥tós meaning "mortal", so in Armenian mard,  Persian mard,  Sanskrit marta and Greek βροτός meaning "mortal; human".
This is comparable to the Semitic word for "man", represented by  Arabic insan  (cognate with Hebrew ʼenōš ), from a root for "sick, mortal".
The Arabic word  has been influential in the Islamic world, and was adopted in many Turkic languages. The native Turkic word is kiši (from a Proto-Altaic *k`i̯uĺe).

Greek  (anthropos) is of uncertain, possibly pre-Greek origin.
Slavic čelověkъ also is of uncertain etymology.

The Chinese character used in East Asian languages is 人, originating as a pictogram of a human being. The reconstructed Old Chinese pronunciation of the Chinese word is /ni[ŋ]/. A Proto-Sino-Tibetan r-mi(j)-n gives rise to Old Chinese /*miŋ/, modern Chinese 民 mín "people" and to Tibetan མི mi "person, human being".

In some tribal or band societies,
the local endonym is indistinguishable from the word for "men, human beings".
Examples include
Ainu: ainu,
Inuktitut: inuk,
Bantu: bantu,
 (etc.),
possibly in Uralic: Hungarian magyar, Mansi mäńćī, mańśi, from a Proto-Ugric *mańć- "man, person".

In philosophy
The mixture of serious and tongue-in-cheek self-designation originates with Plato, who on one hand
defined man as it were taxonomically as "featherless biped" and on the other as  , as "political" or "state-building animal" (Aristotle's term, based on Plato's Statesman).

Harking back to Plato's  are a number of later descriptions of man as an animal with a certain characteristic.
Notably animal rationabile "animal capable of rationality", a term used in medieval scholasticism (with reference to Aristotle), and also used by e.g. Carl von Linné 1760, Immanuel Kant 1798.
Based on the same pattern is animal sociale or "social animal"
animal laborans "laboring animal" (Hannah Arendt 1958) and
animal symbolicum "symbolizing animal" (Ernst Cassirer 1944).

Taxonomy

The binomial name Homo sapiens was coined by Carl Linnaeus (1758).
Names for other human species were introduced beginning in the second half of the 19th century (Homo neanderthalensis 1864, Homo erectus 1892).

There is no consensus on the taxonomic delineation between human species, human subspecies and the human races. On the one hand, there is the proposal that H. sapiens idaltu (2003) is not distinctive enough to warrant classification as a subspecies. On the other, there is the position that genetic variation in the extant human population is large enough to justify its division into several subspecies.
Linneaeus (1758) proposed division into five subspecies, H. sapiens europaeus  alongside H. s. afer, H. s. americanus and  H. s. asiaticus for Europeans,  Africans, Americans and Asians. This convention remained commonly observed until the mid-20th century, sometimes with variations or additions such as H. s. tasmanianus for Australians.
The conventional division of extant human populations into taxonomic subspecies was gradually abandoned beginning in the 1970s.
Similarly, there are proposals to classify  Neanderthals and Homo rhodesiensis as subspecies of H. sapiens, although it remains more common to treat these last two as separate species within the genus Homo rather than as subspecies within H. sapiens.

Jared Diamond in The Third Chimpanzee (1991), and Morris Goodman (2003)
argued that  Homo is not sufficiently removed from Pan to warrant the definition of a separate genus.
Based on the  Principle of Priority, this would result in chimpanzees being reclassified as members of the genus Homo, e.g. Homo paniscus, Homo sylvestris, or Homo arboreus. An alternative philosophy suggests that the term Homo sapiens is the misnomer  and that humans should be reclassified as Pan sapiens. In either case, a name change of the genus would have implications on the taxonomy of extinct species closely related to humans, including Australopithecus.
A taxonomic name given to the species of the last common ancestors of humans and chimpanzees is Pan prior.

List of binomial names

The following names mimick binomial nomenclature, mostly consisting of   Homo followed by a Latin adjective characterizing human nature.
Most of them were coined since the mid 20th century in imitation of Homo sapiens in order to make some philosophical point (either serious or ironic), but some go back to the 18th to 19th century, as in Homo aestheticus vs. Homo oeconomicus; Homo loquens is a serious suggestion by Herder, taking the human species as defined by the use of language;
Homo creator is medieval, coined by Nicolaus Cusanus in reference to man as imago Dei.

In fiction

In fiction, specifically science fiction and fantasy, occasionally names for the human species are introduced reflecting the fictional situation of humans existing alongside other, non-human civilizations.
In science fiction, Earthling (also "Terran", "Gaian") is frequently used, as it were naming humanity by its planet of origin. Incidentally, this situation parallels the naming motive of ancient terms for humanity, including "human" (homo, humanus) itself, derived from a word for "earth" to contrast humans as earth-bound with celestial beings (i.e. deities) in mythology.


Colonial Park, Pennsylvania

Colonial Park is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Lower Paxton Township, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 13,229 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Harrisburg–Carlisle Metropolitan Statistical Area. It uses the Harrisburg ZIP code of 17109 and hosts a great deal of the area's retail activity, including the Colonial Park Mall.

Geography
Colonial Park is located in the southwestern quadrant of Lower Paxton Township at  (40.298789, -76.809067). It is bordered to the northeast by Paxtonia and to the west by Progress. Interstate 83 forms the western boundary of the CDP. U.S. Route 22 (Jonestown Road) is the main highway through Colonial Park, leading west  to downtown Harrisburg and east  to Fredericksburg.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , all of it land.

Demographics
As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 13,229 people living in the CDP. The racial makeup of the CDP was 69.7% White, 14.9% Black, 0.1% Native American, 4.5% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.1% from some other race and 2.8% from two or more races. 7.8% were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

As of the census of 2000, there were 13,259 people, 6,134 households, and 3,477 families living in the CDP. The population density was 2,825.6 people per square mile (1,091.5/km²). There were 6,484 housing units at an average density of 1,381.8 per square mile (533.8/km²). The racial makeup of the CDP was 83.19% White, 9.75% African American, 0.08% Native American, 3.84% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 1.52% from other races, and 1.61% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.12% of the population.

There were 6,134 households, out of which 22.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.0% were married couples living together, 10.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 43.3% were non-families. 36.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.12 and the average family size was 2.78.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 18.8% under the age of 18, 9.3% from 18 to 24, 31.4% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 18.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.9 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $40,562, and the median income for a family was $49,676. Males had a median income of $35,749 versus $28,631 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $22,436. About 4.7% of families and 6.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.9% of those under age 18 and 4.8% of those age 65 or over.


Skanderbeg Square, Pristina

Skanderbeg Square () is a square in Pristina, Kosovo.

Location and History
Following the end of the Kosovo conflict in 1999 and longer under Serbian rule, Kosovo Albanians in 2001 erected a monument within the centre of Pristina to Skanderbeg, a medieval Albanian who fought against Ottoman forces. Over a journey of four days the statue was brought from Krujë in Albania to the middle of Pristina. The Skanderbeg statue of Pristina shares a similar socialist aesthetic and equestrian posture with minor differences in detail to existing Skanderbeg monuments in Tiranë, Skopje and other places in Europe. Skanderbeg is depicted on a horse with its right leg up in a menacing pose and his sword is outside of its sheath and pointed toward the ground. A war memorial dedicated to the victims of the Kosovo war is present in Skanderbeg square along with a series of photographs depicting the missing from the conflict. Skanderbeg Square is bordered on one side by Rugova Square, a space named after the first Kosovo President Ibrahim Rugova and on the other side by Mother Teresa Boulevard, named after Saint Teresa of Calcutta. Along with Tiranë and Skopje, Pristina is one of three Balkan capitals to install a Skanderbeg statue.

Gallery


Hristina Georgieva

Hristina Tancheva Georgieva (, born 3 January 1972 in Sofia) is a female javelin thrower from Bulgaria. Her personal best throw is 63.32 metres, achieved in June 2000 in Athens.

Achievements


Aleksandr Shibayev (footballer)

Aleksandr Arkadyevich Shibayev (; born 5 September 1961) is a Russian professional football coach and former player.

Club career
He made his professional debut in the Soviet Second League in 1979 for FC Volga Kalinin. He played 2 games in the UEFA Cup 1986–87 for FC Spartak Moscow.

Honours
 Soviet Top League runner-up: 1985.
 Soviet Top League bronze: 1986.
 Russian Premier League champion: 1992.


Canton of Grand-Couronne

The Canton of Grand-Couronne is a former canton situated in the Seine-Maritime département and in the Haute-Normandie region of northern France. It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015.

Geography
An area of forestry and light industry situated on the left bank of the Seine,  immediately south of Rouen in the arrondissement of Rouen, centred on the town of Grand-Couronne. The altitude varies from 1m (Le Grand-Quevilly) to 139m (Grand-Couronne) with an average altitude of 18m.

Composition
The Canton of Grand-Couronne comprised 9 communes and a total of 49,458 inhabitants (census of 1999, without double counting).

|-
| La Bouille || align="right" | 791 || align="right" | 76530 || align="right" | 76131
|-
| Grand-Couronne || align="right" | 9442 || align="right" | 76530 || align="right" | 76319
|-
| Le Grand-Quevilly || align="right" | 26679 || align="right" | 76120 || align="right" | 76322
|-
| Hautot-sur-Seine || align="right" | 352 || align="right" | 76113 || align="right" | 76350
|-
| Moulineaux || align="right" | 890 || align="right" | 76530 || align="right" | 76457
|-
| Petit-Couronne || align="right" | 8621 || align="right" | 76650 || align="right" | 76497
|-
| Sahurs || align="right" | 1120 || align="right" | 76113 || align="right" | 76550
|-
| Saint-Pierre-de-Manneville || align="right" | 774 || align="right" | 76113 || align="right" | 76634
|-
| Val-de-la-Haye || align="right" | 789 || align="right" | 76380 || align="right" | 76717
|}

Population


Daniel Boemle

Daniel Christian Manuel Boemle, Dänu Boemle, "Sleepy Dan", "Öml" (7 November 1960 in Bern – 21 February 2007 in Les Ponts-de-Martel) was a well-known Swiss radio DJ. He presented various shows on DRS3 between 1988 and 1994. He was also a singer, author, culture critic, and painter.

Life

From his early childhood onwards Boemle was considered a talented painter. By the age of 22, he owned his first studio in an old farmhouse near Bern. During this period, Boemle's artistic mentor was Werner Schwarz, who had made a name for himself by creating church windows made of old glass bottles.

In 1988 Boemle successfully applied for a job with DRS 3. During his active years as a radio DJ, he was one of the most influential and acclaimed Swiss radio DJs. Like Reeto von Gunten and François Mürner, he is considered to be one of the legendary voices of DRS 3. He resigned from DRS 3 in 1994 in order to return to painting.

In his spare time Boemle was a resident DJ at various clubs around Basel, where – according to himself – people appreciated the Funk and Jazz he played.

Boemle had been suffering from AIDS for many years. He eventually decided to end his life with the help of a euthanasia organisation in February 2007.

He is buried in Les Ponts-de-Martel in the Jura of Neuenburg, where he had lived since 2003.

External links
 Private website (ENGLISH)
 officialle press news about his death, PDF (GERMAN)
 Boemle at the Fon und Ton Verlag (GERMAN)
 Necrologue at persoenlich.com (GERMAN)


Brachinus pectoralis

Brachinus pectoralis is a species of ground beetle in the Brachininae subfamily that is endemic to Crimea.


Jason Dungjen

Jason Dungjen (born September 28, 1967) is an American figure skating coach and a former pair skater. With Kyoko Ina, he is a two-time Skate America silver medalist, a three-time Nations Cup medalist, and a two-time U.S. national champion. With Susan Dungjen, he is the 1983 NHK Trophy silver medalist and 1984 World Junior silver medalist.

Career
Dungjen's first skating partner was his sister, Susan Dungjen. Together, they won silver medals at the 1983 NHK Trophy, 1984 World Junior Championships, and 1984 Grand Prix International St. Gervais. After their partnership ended, he competed with Paula Visingardi and Karen Courtland.

Dungjen began competing with Kyoko Ina in the 1991–92 season. They won the 1997 and 1998 U.S. Championships and placed fourth at the 1998 Winter Olympics. They withdrew from the 1998 World Championships after an accident during a practice session — while practicing a triple twist, Ina's arm hit Dungjen's forehead, fracturing the browbone above his right eye. Their partnership dissolved after the event and he retired from competition. Dungjen later skated with Yuka Sato on the Stars on Ice tour.

Dungjen is a coach at the Detroit Skating Club in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan and an ISU Technical Specialist for the United States. Among others, he has coached Alissa Czisny, Jeremy Abbott, Valentina Marchei, and Adam Rippon.

Personal life
Dungjen was married to Yuka Sato.

Programs
(with Ina)

Competitive highlights

With Kyoko Ina

With Karen Courtland

With Paula Visingardi

With Susan Dungjen


Fordsville, Kentucky

Fordsville is a home rule-class city in Ohio County, Kentucky, in the United States. The population was 524 at the 2010 census.

History
Settled , the town is named for early merchant and probable founder Elisha Ford. It was formally incorporated by the state assembly in 1886.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all land.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 531 people, 200 households, and 121 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,111.5 people per square mile (427.1/km²). There were 227 housing units at an average density of 475.2 per square mile (182.6/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 99.62% White, 0.19% African American, and 0.19% from two or more races.

There were 200 households out of which 29.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.0% were married couples living together, 14.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.5% were non-families. 36.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 22.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 3.04.

In the city, the population was spread out with 22.2% under the age of 18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 21.3% from 25 to 44, 18.6% from 45 to 64, and 29.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 81.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 74.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $17,273, and the median income for a family was $22,917. Males had a median income of $27,679 versus $17,917 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,740. About 25.2% of families and 25.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 29.6% of those under age 18 and 20.9% of those age 65 or over.

Event of interest
 The Fordsville Tug-of-War Championship - Kentucky's official tug-of-war championship

Notable natives
 Damon E. Allen (1921–2009), a three-term president of the Kentucky Optometric Association who led the lobbying campaign to convince the Kentucky State Legislature to permit optometrists to prescribe medication to their patients, was born in Fordsville but later moved to Campbellsville.


Groom Lake (disambiguation)

Groom Lake is the official name of the USAF installation commonly referred to as Area 51.

Groom Lake may also refer to:
Groom Lake (salt flat), a salt flat immediately north of Area 51.
Groom Lake (film), a 2002 film also known as The Visitor.


Jason Wilson (musician)

Dr. Jason Wilson (born May 31, 1970) is a Canadian historian and a two-time Juno-Award nominated reggae musician from Downsview, Ontario. He is the protégé of Studio One keyboardist Jackie Mittoo and the cousin of UB40's Michael Virtue. Though they never met, Scottish-born American songwriter Johnny Cymbal is Wilson's first cousin, once removed. Known for incorporating jazz and Scottish influences atop a reggae foundation, Wilson is a multi-instrumentalist, though is perhaps best known for his piano skills. The singer-songwriter has also performed and recorded with UB40, Sly & Robbie, Alanis Morissette, Ernest Ranglin, Pee Wee Ellis, Dave Swarbrick, Ron Sexsmith, The Mighty Sparrow, Percy Sledge, Brinsley Forde (Aswad), Dick Gaughan, David Francey, Brownman Ali and many more.

Biography
Wilson was born in North York, Ontario, Canada to Scottish immigrants and performed his first night club show when he was only 14 years old with Canadian reggae pioneers Messenjah. He later led the band Tabarruk, whose debut self-titled album included a duet with Wilson and Alanis Morissette. With Tabarruk, Wilson performed over 2,000 shows around the world, more than any other Canadian reggae act. Amanda Marshall was once a member of the band. Following their debut, the act's name was changed to Jason Wilson & Tabarruk who released Dark Corners in 1998 (which included the song "Icarus' Lament"), followed by the Juno-nominated Jonah (2000) and then the critically acclaimed Dread & Blue (2004) which spawned Wilson's anthem "Keele Street" which has been featured several times on Canadian radio, film and television, including on the Canadian television production Da Kink in My Hair. Following this album, Wilson embarked on a solo career releasing the Juno-nominated and Canadian Reggae Music Award-winning The Peacemaker's Chauffeur in 2008. The album incorporates Wilson's historical take on elements of war and peace.

Wilson was awarded the Karl Mullings Memorial Award for commitment to reggae in Canada in 2007. Wilson's life story and music have been featured many times on radio and television, including a mini-doc entitled The Grateful Dread on CBC's The National with Peter Mansbridge as well as a feature documentary on BBC Radio. Wilson is also one half of the successful Marley/Dylan tribute act The Two Bobs, alongside Fergus Hambleton, the lead singer of the two-time Juno-Award-winning reggae act The Sattalites. Wilson is also one-half of the reggae-folk combo Wilson & Swarbrick and is the leader of Soldiers of Song, a tribute to The Dumbells, Canada's famous concert party of World War I. Soldiers of Song was also featured on The National in 2013.

An award-winning author, Wilson co-wrote Lord Stanley: The Man Behind the Cup with Kevin Shea in 2006 that won the New York-based Heritage Award for Outstanding Sports Research and Writing. Winner of a SSHRC scholarship, Wilson received his PhD in Canadian History at the University of Guelph in 2013. Wilson has also been published several times on a wide variety of historical topics (see Books and articles). In 2009, Wilson was nominated by the Guelph Mercury for their "Top 40 Under 40" for his achievements in music and in academics. In the summer of 2009, Wilson served as the lone professional musician on the advisory committee alongside Senator Pamela Wallin and others for the "Cantos at the King Eddy" project in Calgary that will soon serve as the nation's music museum.

In 2014, Wilson released a full-length album with English fiddler and former Fairport Convention member Dave Swarbrick entitled The Lion Rampant. The critically acclaimed album included special guests Martin Carthy, Peggy Seeger, Pee Wee Ellis and John Kirkpatrick. British folk music critic Ken Hunt called the album: "Head and shoulders, the most eclectic, catholic and coherent musical banquet of 2014 thus far."

In 2016, Jason Wilson and the Perennials released the first album of trilogy entitled Perennials. Wilson wrote the album in New York City while his wife was working at the UN. The sextet, which includes trumpet, sax, bass, guitar, cajon and Wilson on piano and vocals, is playing several dates across Canada in support of the release.

Style
The improvisation element to Wilson's style is not typical in reggae, but rather borrows heavily from the jazz tradition. Wilson has covered the music of many divergent artists both live and in the studio, a fact that speaks to the broad spectrum of his tastes. These artists include Kate Bush, Thelonious Monk, Wayne Shorter, Sergei Rachmaninoff, Oscar Peterson and Elton John. The music of his Scottish heritage also has, at times, been incorporated into Wilson's music. Still, reggae is the key ingredient in Wilson's art and the keyboard stylings of his mentor Jackie Mittoo can be heard throughout Wilson's work. The British school of reggae has had perhaps the most profound influence on Wilson's writing. In particular, Wilson has admittedly studied the sound of the bands Aswad, Steel Pulse, Matumbi and UB40. Wilson's cousin Michael Virtue was the keyboardist for UB40 for twenty-eight years and appears on Wilson's Jonah album.

Discography
 Jason Wilson, Perennials (Wheel Records, 2016)
 Wilson and Swarbrick, Lion Rampant (Shirty/Wheel Records, 2013)
 Jason Wilson, The Peacemaker's Chauffeur (WR007B, 2008) Juno-Award Nominee/Canadian Reggae Music Award Winner
 Jason Wilson & Tabarruk, Dread & Blue: A Canadiana Suite (WR006B, 2004)
 Jason Wilson & Tabarruk, Jonah (WR005B, 2000) Juno-Award Nominee
 Jason Wilson & Tabarruk, Dark Corners (WR003A, 1998)
 Tabarruk, Tabarruk (WD001, 1994)

Books and articles
 Jason Wilson, Soldiers of Song: The Dumbells and Other Canadian Concert Parties of the First World War. Waterloo: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 2012.
 J.J. Wilson and K. Shea, Lord Stanley: The Man Behind the Cup. Toronto: Fenn Publishing, 2006.
 J. Jason Wilson, Squirrel Gangs, Streetlights & Bucket Trucks: The History of Waterloo North Hydro. Waterloo: Waterloo North Hydro, 2005.
 J. Jason Wilson, "Skating to Armageddon: Of Canada, Hockey and the First World War", The International Journal of the History of Sport, 22, 3. Oxford: Routledge, May 2005.
 J. Jason Wilson, "27 Remarkable Days: The 1972 Summit Series of Ice Hockey between Canada and the Soviet Union", Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions, 5, 2. Oxford: Taylor & Francis Ltd., September 2004.


Lucy Li

Lucy Li (born October 1, 2002) is an American professional golfer. She currently holds records as the youngest qualifier for the U.S. Women's Amateur and the U.S. Women's Open. She is the second-youngest qualifier for the U.S. Women's Amateur Public Links, and the youngest ever to advance to match play in that event. Li was an age group winner at the inaugural Masters Drive, Chip, and Putt Championship in Augusta, Georgia. As of 2014, she is a student of Jim McLean.

Background
Born in Stanford, California, Li now lives in Redwood Shores, California. Her father, Warren Li, is a San Francisco Bay Area computer consultant and stockbroker. Her mother, Amy Zeng, is a former Hewlett-Packard employee. Warren and Amy were raised in China and moved to the United States from Australia in 1998. Warren has a Ph.D. in computer science, while Amy has a master's degree in the field. Lucy was born in 2002. She lived with her aunt Tao Zeng four months per year to train in Florida near Trump National Doral Miami and McLean's Golf School. Li is homeschooled. She performs some of her schoolwork through independent study in the months she is in Florida.

Li took diving lessons at Stanford University and was platform diving from  at age 4. She was also active in gymnastics and music. Some sources claim that she began practicing at Mariners Point Golf Center at about age 4 or 5, with informal coaching from her mother and aunt.  Other sources claim that she began playing golf at age 7 while watching her older brother Luke, a Princeton University student, who was hitting balls at a driving range. Li likes to tell the latter story, but Mariners Point head pro, Joby Ross, confirmed that at about 3 or 4 years old Li was very boisterous about her interest in the sport to the point of throwing tantrums when being asked to leave. At age 7 her parents called Jim McLean, who also coaches or has coached Lexi Thompson, Cristie Kerr, Keegan Bradley and Erik Compton, and arranged a visit to meet him at Doral. Afterwards, the family made summer living arrangements with her aunt. Then, McLean began working with her. Li's practice course is Cinnabar Hills in San Jose.

Amateur career
Li holds record for youngest match-play qualifier in U.S. Women's Amateur Public Links history (10 years, 8 months, 16 days), surpassing Michelle Wie's 2000 record by a mere 7 days. Li was the second-youngest qualifier in May 2013 for the U.S. Women's Amateur Public Links before becoming the youngest to advance to match play that June. The lone person younger than Li was Allisen Corpuz, who qualified in 2008.

She is also the youngest U.S. Women's Amateur qualifier, surpassing Latanna Stone's 2012 record age of 10 years, 11 months and 2 days by beginning the first day of the tournament at age 10 years, 10 months and 4 days old on August 5, 2013.

In 2014, at the first ever Drive, Chip and Putt Championship on the Sunday preceding the 78th edition Masters Tournament at Augusta National Golf Club, she won the Girls 10–11 age division. The event was televised on the Golf Channel and was sponsored by the United States Golf Association, Professional Golfers' Association of America and Augusta National to increase youth participation in the sport. Over 10,000 youth from over 110 sites participated in a qualification process that yielded 88 qualifiers from 8 age/gender brackets from each of 11 regions.

On May 19, 2014, she became the youngest (age 11) to qualify for the U.S. Women's Open, surpassing Thompson's record (12 years, 4 months, 18 days) from the 2007 Open. Notably, Li not only qualified, but she won her qualifying event by seven strokes at Old Course at Half Moon Bay Golf Links. Thompson missed the cut in 2007 with a 36-hole 168 total. Li was the second-youngest to compete; nine years prior to the introduction of qualification in 1976, Beverly Klass played in the 1967 Open at age 10 years, 7 months, and 21 days. Although Li's qualification was largely heralded, some were befuddled at the state of the sport when a sixth grader could even qualify for one of the most prestigious events of the year. Li, who had reached a 1.5 handicap by April, had a handicap better than threshold 2.4, making her eligible to participate in qualifications.

Li was 11 years, 8 months, and 19 days on June 19, the opening round of the 2014 U.S. Women's Open, held at Course No. 2 of Pinehurst Resort & Country Club. Edel Golf designed custom clubs that Golf Digest described as "blinged-out" for Li to use in the Open. In the first round on Thursday, Li shot a 78 (+8), which had been the highest score that anyone who made the cut in the 2013 Open had tallied. She followed that up with a second 78 on Friday for 156 (+16) and missed the cut by seven strokes. She then walked the course as a fan that Sunday. She scheduled an appearance in the July U.S. Women's Amateur Public Links in DuPont, Washington next. Li shot 74 and 70 to qualify for match play where she lost to Alice Chen in sudden-death of the first round after posting a stroke play equivalent of a 71. She did not schedule any other USGA events in 2014, deciding instead to play local events and be an 11-year-old. In 2015, she did not qualify for the 2015 U.S. Women's Open.

In August 2016, Li won the Junior PGA Championship. The following month, she was on the winning team for the 2016 Junior Ryder Cup.

She earned low amateur honors at the 2017 ANA Inspiration by being the only amateur to make the cut. She was named to the Junior Solheim Cup team for the United States, who won 14.5–9.5. In October she won The PING Invitational, and she won her next event, Rolex Tournament of Champions, in November.

On May 14 at the Contra Costa Country Club, Pleasant Hill, California, Li qualified for the 2018 U.S. Women's Open, where she was again the youngest player in the field. She was one of seven amateurs to make the cut, and she finished tied for 55th with a 299 (+11). Li was selected to represent the USA in the June 8–10, 2018 Curtis Cup. The United States won by the widest margin in the history of the event (17–3) and Li won her singles match against India Clyburn 5 and 4. At the 2018 U.S. Women's Amateur, Li was co-medalist and earned the number one seed for the match play portion of the event. She lost in the quarter-finlas to eventual champion Kristen Gillman on the 19 hole. She contributed to the 2018 Junior Ryder Cup victory.

At the 2018 Summer Youth Olympics, Li teamed with Akshay Bhatia to win the mixed team silver medal.

In 2019, the USGA investigated Li's amateur status after she appeared in an Apple Watch advertisement. Rule 6:2 states: "even if no payment or compensation is received, an amateur golfer is deemed to receive a personal benefit by promoting, advertising or selling anything, or allowing his name or likeness to be used by a third party for the promotion, advertisement or sale of anything. A person who acts contrary to the rules may forfeit his amateur status and as a result will be ineligible to play in amateur competitions." She was given a warning but maintained her amateur status.

Li was named to the 2019 Junior Solheim Cup team.

Professional career
Li turned professional in late 2019. She will have status on the Symetra Tour in 2020.

Amateur wins
2016 Junior PGA Championship
2017 The PING Invitational, Rolex Tournament of Champions

Source:

U.S. national team appearances
Amateur
Junior Ryder Cup: 2016 (winners), 2018 (winners)
Junior Solheim Cup: 2017 (winners), 2019 (winners)
Curtis Cup: 2018 (winners)

Source:


The Man Within

The Man Within (1929) is the first novel by author Graham Greene. It tells the story of Francis Andrews, a reluctant smuggler, who betrays his colleagues, and the aftermath of his betrayal. It is Greene's first published novel. (Two earlier attempts at writing novels were never published, but a book of poetry, Babbling April, was published in 1925, while Greene was a student at Balliol College, Oxford).

The title is taken from a sentence in Thomas Browne's Religio Medici: 'There's another man within me that's angry with me.'

Greene, in his preface to the Penguin paperback edition of the book, derides the book as hopelessly romantic.

Characters
The central characters are Francis Andrews; Elizabeth, a girl he meets shortly after the man she lives with dies; and Carlyon, the captain of the smuggling boat whom Andrews has betrayed by writing a letter informing the customs officers of the time that the boat will land.

Themes
The key themes in the novel are betrayal and a Freudian relationship between the protagonist Andrews and his deceased father.

Plot summary
The story begins with Andrews fleeing his fellow smugglers after a battle with the customs officials that ended with one of the customs officials dead. He stumbles upon an isolated cottage which is the home of Elizabeth. The man whom she lived with has recently died. Andrews helps protect Elizabeth from the neighbors who consider her to be a woman of loose moral character (the novel is silent about whether their view is justified or not). After encountering Carlyon, the head of the smugglers, in the fog, Andrews returns to the cottage where Elizabeth persuades him that he should testify at the trial of the smugglers at the Assizes in Lewes.

Andrews travels to Lewes and gives his testimony in court despite being scorned by the other witnesses for the prosecution as a Judas figure. The trial ends with the smugglers being acquitted and their pledging to revenge themselves on Andrews by hurting Elizabeth.

Andrews returns to Elizabeth's cottage, tells her of the danger. She sends him to the well to fetch water, and while he is gone, he discovers that one of the smugglers has come to the cottage. He runs to get help, but when he returns, he discovers that Elizabeth has been killed by one of his fellow smugglers and Carlyon is sitting waiting for him. After realizing that the only way to betray his father is to hurt himself, Andrews tells Carlyon to leave and that he will take the blame for Elizabeth's death.

Film, TV or theatrical adaptations
In 1947, a film version, The Man Within, was made of the novel (called The Smugglers in the United States) starring Ronald Shiner, Michael Redgrave as Carlyon and Richard Attenborough as Andrews.

External links


Galeas per montes

Galeas per montes is the name by which an enterprise of military engineering made between December 1438 and April 1439 by the Republic of Venice and consisting of the transport of ships, Galleys and frigates from the Adriatic Sea to Lake Garda, climbing the river Adige to Rovereto and transporting ships by land to Torbole, on the northern shores of the lake. A journey of about 20 km through the mountains and the Loppio Lake, now almost disappeared following the construction of the Galleria Adige-Garda, which emptied the lake above.

Context
The Republic of Venice was at the time a power in the Mediterranean and in the fifteenth century began a phase of expansion into the Veneto and Lombardy mainland through military conquests (e.g. Padua) or spontaneous "dedication" as Vicenza.  Brescia, to escape the Duchy of Milan, became loyal to Republic of Venice on November 20, 1426

In the 1438, the Duke of Milan Filippo Maria Visconti, went to war against the Republic of Venice and with a series of lucky shots took control of Lombard lands up to the southern shores of lake of Garda.  Brescia was under siege by "captain of fortune" Niccolò Piccinino, in the pay of the Duke of Milan, but resisted, calling on the Venetian Senate for assistance.

The Piccinino captain took control of the entire southern sector of the lake so the Venetian warlord Gattamelata (Erasmo da Narni) could only access from the north of lake of Garda that is from Torbole or from Riva, now Riva del Garda.  The milanese army was also barricaded in the castles of Peschiera del Garda and Desenzano, making a head-on collision too expensive.  The Serenessima then decided to prepare a military plan that would allow its troops to surprise the Visconti army by moving north of the lake.

On 1 December 1438, after a very long session, the Minor Consiglio approved the proposal formulated by Blasio de Arboribus, at the service of the Serenissima, and by a Greek sailor, Nicolò Sorbolo.

Project and realization
The two planned to drag along the Adige valley a fleet of ships, to take them dry before Rovereto and then drag them on wooden rollers along the route of Loppio valley to then drop them in Lake Garda near Torbole. From there, the Venetian fleet would have attacked by surprise the Milanese, anchored to Desenzano, cutting the road to the Visconti militia of presidio a Peschiera del Garda and forcing the block in order to have successively free for Brescia and then also for Milan.

Realization
The fleet, consisting of 25 large boats, 2 galleys and 6 frigates (or 6 galleys and 2 frigates according to other sources), sailed in January 1439 from Venice entering the mouths of the Adige near Sottomarina di Chioggia, went up the river passing through Legnago and Verona. There, being the Adige in lean, they had to apply to the boats a sort of "floating" of wood to reduce the draft and continue through the sluiced of Ceraino up to over Lavini di Marco near Lagarina Valley south of Rovereto, and to Mori.
Hundreds of workers were hired: diggers and carpenters who created a new road made of wooden planks, leveling the ground and removing from the track plants, boulders and even two houses.
In the town of Mori, just south of Rovereto, the fleet was rolled up and loaded onto new invented machines. Then, with the help of 2000 oxen commandeered in the vicinity and hundreds of sailors and rowers of ships with local men, the boats were rolled on rollers over the wooden planks road passing through the villages of Mori, and the Lake of Loppio, which allowed to put the boats in water for 2 km. Then the fleet was pulled again and dragged along the steep slope to the Pass of San Giovanni. During the steep descent from the Pass towards Nago the ships were held with large ropes secured to winches and slid slowly towards the shore of the lake, to Torbole.  The writer of the time that the weight of the ships was such that several old olive trees, which had been set the winches, were literally torn from the ground and that, to stop the descent, resorted to the advent of waiting for the strong wind that blowing from the south in the afternoon and explaining the sails to lighten the weight of the ships.
The complex operation, which lasted three months, cost to the Republic of Venice the fabulous figure of 15,000 Ducats, but it was one of the most important military engineering works ever built as such, it became famous throughout Europe.

Gallery

Consequences

The transport of the fleet, however, was not able to remain hidden to the Milanese and so the surprise factor on which Piero Zen, captain of the Venetian fleet, was depending, was lost.
The clash occurred near Desenzano and the victory was of the Milanese, who were stronger in number and who captured part of the fleet. Only two Venetian galleys were able to repair in the port of Torbole.
Brescia was not freed from the siege, but thanks to the naval control of the northern part of Lake Garda, the Venetians managed to bring aid and food, allowing the city to resist another year's siege.

During the year 1439 was set up in Torbole a second and more powerful Venetian fleet with the material transported from Venice through the already tested route Adige-Loppio-Torbole. In the clash of April 1440 the new fleet, commanded by Stefano Contarini clashed with the Milanese off the Ponale and this time won the battle, acquiring complete control of the lake.

In the ceiling of the Maggior Consiglio room in Palazzo Ducale of Venice a painting by Tintoretto represents the very hard battle with the Milanese.

Notes

Citation: ”<small>Unica viache ancor rimanesse ad approvvigionare Brescia era quella del lago di Garda, poiché essendo la costa orientale di esso formata dal Veronese, imbarcati colà i viveri, facilmente si potevano condurre a Brescia, e se il Piccinino fosse accorso a vietarlo avrebbe facilmente lasciata libera o poco munita la strada da Brescia a Verona. Ma nel lago non avevano i Veneziani alcun naviglio, mentre il nemico teneva un'armetta a Peschiera, e altri posti fortificati all'intorno.
In tanta difficoltà la Repubblica aveva accolto fino dal dicembre 1438 il temerario progetto di un Blasio de Arboribus (o Nicolò Carcavilla o Caravilla) e Nicolò Sorbolo di far passare pei monti una flottiglia dall'Adige nel lago. Componevasi di venticinque barche e sei galere, le quali dalla foce dell' Adige furono fatte salire fino quasi a Roveredo, ma di là erano ancora da dodici a quindici miglia per giungere a Torbole per terreno erto ed alpestre. In mezzo a quei monti e alle falde della catena del monte Baldo trovasi il lago di s. Andrea, nel quale appunto volevasi far entrare la flottiglia.
A quest'uopo furono radunati fino a duemila buoi, abbisognandone ben cento venti paia per ogni galera; gran numero di guastatori, operai, ingegneri sgombravano i borri, costruivano ponti, spianavano la strada, e così, dopo indicibili sforzi e fatiche, poté giungere l'armetta nel lago di s. Andrea. Restava a superare il monte Baldo, e l'umana industria e il ferreo volere anco a questo pervennero e con istrano spettacolo i navigli trovaronsi alfine sulla vetta del monte.
Di colà bisognava gettarli nel lago, operazione non meno difficile pei pericoli della discesa; in quel ripido pendìo legavansi le barche agli alberi e ai macigni, col mezzo di argani allentavansi a poco a poco le funi, e i navigli si calavano da quegli orridi precipizii. Così dopo quindici giorni di viaggio per terra, l'armetta giunse senz'alcun sinistro a Torbole, donde fu lanciata in acqua e munita.
Fu impresa maravigliosa che costò alla Repubblica ben quindici mila ducati, ma sciaguratamente presso che inutile per lo scopo di vettovagliare Brescia, poiché accorso il Piccinino col. suo navilio, poco sollievo poterono avere i Bresciani e il comandante veneziano Pietro Zeno dovette ritirarsi a Torbole e mettersi in salvo dietro a forte steccato.”</small>
Eugenio Musatti, Storia di Venezia, 1880.

Bibliography

 Paolo Renier Testimonianze sul trasporto delle navi da Venezia al Garda eseguito dai veneziani nel 1439, Venezia 1967
 Paolo D. Malvinni La magnifica intrapresa. Galeas per montes conducendo, Curcu & Genovese, Trento 2010
 Samuel Romanin Storia documentata di Venezia - Tomo 4, 1853-1861.
 David Sanderson Chambers The Imperial Age of Venice 1380-1580 - (History of European Civilization Library), Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1970
 Clemente Cavalcabo Idea della storia e delle cossuetudini antiche della valle Lagarina ed...del Roveretano, 1776
 Eugenio Musatti, Storia di Venezia, 1880, tomo I, p. 270 e seg.


Attaphol Buspakom

Attaphol Buspakom (; ), nicknamed "Tak" (; ); 1 October 1962 – 16 April 2015) was a Thai national and football coach. He was given the role at Muangthong United and Buriram United after TTM Samut Sakhon folded after the 2009 season.

He played for the Thailand national football team, appearing in several FIFA World Cup qualifying matches.

Club career
Attaphol began his career as a player at Thai Port FC Authority of Thailand in 1985. In his first year, he won his first championship with the club. He played for the club until 1989 and in 1987 also won the Queen's Cup. He then moved to Malaysia for two seasons for Pahang FA, then return to Thailand to his former club. His time from 1991 to 1994 was marked by less success than in his first stay at Port Authority. From 1994 to 1996 he played for Pahang again and this time he was able to win with the club, the Malaysia Super League and also reached the final of the Malaysia Cup and the Malaysia FA Cup. Both cup finals but lost. Back in Thailand, he let end his playing career at FC Stock Exchange of Thailand, with which he once again runner-up in 1996-97. In 1998, he finished his career.

International career
For the Thailand national football team Attaphol played between 1985 and 1998 a total of 85 games and scored 13 results. In 1992, he participated with the team in the finals of the Asian Cup. He also stood in various cadres to qualifications to FIFA World Cup.

Coaching career

Bec Tero Sasana
In BEC Tero Sasana F.C. began his coaching career in 2001 for him, first as assistant coach. He took over the reigning champions of the Thai League T1, after his predecessor Pichai Pituwong resigned from his post. It was his first coach station and he had the difficult task of leading the club through the new AFC Champions League. He could accomplish this task with flying colors and even led the club to the finals. The finale, then still played in home and away matches, was lost with 1:2 at the end against Al Ain FC. Attaphol is and was next to Charnwit Polcheewin the only coach who managed a club from Thailand to lead to the final of the AFC Champions League. 2002-03 and 2003-04 he won with the club also two runner-up. In his team, which reached the final of the Champions League, were a number of exceptional players like Therdsak Chaiman, Worrawoot Srimaka, Dusit Chalermsan and Anurak Srikerd.

Geylang United / Krung Thai Bank
In 2006, he went to Singapore in the S-League to Geylang United He was released after a few months due to lack of success. In 2008, he took over as coach at Krung Thai Bank F.C., where he had almost a similar task, as a few years earlier by BEC-Tero. As vice-champion of the club was also qualified for the AFC Champions League. However, he failed to lead the team through the group stage of the season 2008 and beyond. With the Kashima Antlers of Japan and Beijing Guoan F.C. athletic competition was too great. One of the highlights was put under his leadership, yet the club. In the group match against the Vietnam club Nam Dinh F.C. his team won with 9-1, but also lost four weeks later with 1-8 against Kashima Antlers. At the end of the National Football League season, he reached the Krung Thai 6th Table space. The Erstligalizenz the club was sold at the end of the season at the Bangkok Glass F.C.. Attaphol finished his coaching career with the club and accepted an offer of TTM Samutsakorn. After only a short time in office

Muangthong United
In 2009, he received an offer from Muangthong United F.C., which he accepted and changed. He can champion Muang Thong United for 2009 Thai Premier League and Attaphol won Coach of The year for Thai Premier League and he was able to lead Muang Thong United to play AFC Champions League qualifying play-off for the first in the club's history.

Buriram United
In 2010 Buspakom moved from Muangthong United to Buriram United F.C.. He received Coach of the Month in Thai Premier League 2 time in June and October.

In 2011, he led  Buriram United win 2011 Thai Premier League second time for club and set a record with the most points in the Thai League T1 for 85 point and He led  Buriram win 2011 Thai FA Cup by beat Muangthong United F.C. 1-0 and he led  Buriram win 2011 Thai League Cup by beat Thai Port F.C. 2-0.

In 2012, he led Buriram United to the 2012 AFC Champions League group stage. Buriram along with Guangzhou Evergrande F.C. from China, Kashiwa Reysol from Japan and Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors which are all champions from their country. In the first match of Buriram they beat Kashiwa 3-2 and Second Match they beat Guangzhou 1-2 at the Tianhe Stadium. Before losing to Jeonbuk 0-2 and 3-2 with lose Kashiwa and Guangzhou 1-0 and 1-2 respectively and Thai Premier League Attaphol lead Buriram end 4th for table with win 2012 Thai FA Cup and 2012 Thai League Cup.

Bangkok Glass
In 2013, he moved from Buriram United to Bangkok Glass F.C..

Honours

Player
Thai Port
 Kor Royal Cup
  Winners (2) : 1985, 1990

Pahang FA
 Malaysia Super League
  Champions (1) : 1995

Thailand
 Sea Games
  Gold Medal (1); 1993
  Silver Medal (1); 1991

Manager
BEC Tero Sasana
 AFC Champions League
 Runner-up (1) : 2002-03
 ASEAN Club Championship
 Runner-up (1) : 2003

Muangthong United
 Thai Premier League
  Champions (1) : 2009

Buriram United
 Thai Premier League
  Champions (1) : 2011
 Thai FA Cup
  Winners (2) : 2011, 2012
 Thai League Cup
  Winners (2) : 2011, 2012
 Toyota Premier Cup
  Winner (1) : 2011
 Kor Royal Cup
  Winner (1) : 2013

Individual
 Thai Premier League Coach of the Year (3) : 2001-02, 2009, 2013


Filippo Gherardi

Filippo Gherardi (1643–1704) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period.

Born in Lucca, he was mostly active in Venice and Rome, where he became a member of the large studio of Pietro da Cortona, often working closely with Giovanni Coli. With Coli, Gherardi was initially a trainee of Pietro Paolini in Lucca. One of his masterpieces are the ceiling frescoes in the Palazzo Colonna in Rome, celebrating the participation of a family member in the Battle of Lepanto.

In Venice, Coli and Gherardi also completed frescoes (1670–72) of the dome of the church of San Nicolò da Tolentino with a fresco of the Glory of San Nicola and in the church of San Pantalon. In Venice, Coli and Gherardi  also frescoed the Library in the monastery of San Giorgio Maggiore..

One of his pupils was Cristoforo Tondini, who worked with him in San Pantalon.


Ashurabad, Lorestan

Ashurabad (, also Romanized as Āshūrābād, ‘Ashīrābād, and Ashorabād) is a village in Japelaq-e Gharbi Rural District, Japelaq District, Azna County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 881, in 220 families.


1979 Northwestern Bank 400

The 1979 Northwestern Bank 400 was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series race that took place on March 25, 1979, at North Wilkesboro Speedway in North Wilkesboro, North Carolina.

A crowd of 17,500 fans were in attendance, approximately 44% of the track's most recent capacity (before it closed in 2011). Admission to one of the premium seats for this event cost $15 USD ($ in current US dollars).

Background
Three drivers entered the 1970 Wilkes 400 in a very close points race. Bobby Isaac was just ahead of James Hylton, and Bobby Allison was close behind. But Richard Petty, who was out of the points because of a shoulder injury suffered at Darlington in May, was considered the favorite to win the race. Isaac started from the pole for a record-tying fourth consecutive time, matching Fred Lorenzen and Herb Thomas with a qualifying lap time of 21.346 seconds / 105.406 mph. Fans were given quite a show as Isaac and Petty exchanged the lead a total of 11 times throughout the race. Isaac, in the Nord Krauskopf's K&K Insurance Dodge, led 179 laps and took the win by six car lengths over Petty. Petty, who had started the race in third position led the most laps in the race with 216. Bobby Allison started fourth and finished fourth behind his brother, Donnie Allison. And Hylton finished fifth at the end of day. Isaac advanced to become the 1970 Winston Cup Champion at season's end, with Allison being the runner-up in points.

Bad weather in 1971 caused the Wilkes 400 to be postponed to November 21. Due to the Grand National Series' struggling car counts, cars from NASCAR's Grand American Series were allowed to run in this race. Charlie Glotzbach broke the track record in qualifying at 20.919 seconds / 107.558 mph. It was the first lap ever run under 21 seconds at  North Wilkesboro, ending Bobby Isaac's run of five consecutive poles at the track. Tiny Lund, driving a 1970 Camaro, qualified sixth and led just seven laps on his way to the victory. Lund also won another race driving the Camaro that season at Hickory. Glotzbach finished second, six seconds behind Lund, after leading 76 laps in the race. Richard Petty started from the outside pole and led 306 laps to finish third. Dave Marcis finished fourth, two laps down, and Benny Parsons rounded out the top five. Bobby Allison was the only other driver to lead, running 11 laps out front before losing an engine prior to the half.

The Wilkes 400 in 1972 was one of the wildest finishes in NASCAR Cup Series history. Buddy Baker won the pole in the No. 71 K&K Insurance Dodge owned by Nord Krauskopf, but he only led the first lap of the race. Richard Petty and Bobby Allison swapped the lead for the rest of the race, beating and banging each other for the win. At times was more of a demolition derby than a race. Both cars were destroyed by the end, with Allison's car noticeably smoking. This was the peak of the Petty-Allison rivalry. Petty was declared the winner, but in Victory Lane, a fan tried to attack him. But he was defended by his helmet-wielding brother, Maurice Petty. This was Richard Petty's last of 137 wins in a Plymouth.

In the Gwyn Staley 400 of 1973, Bobby Allison landed on the pole with a qualifying lap of 21.077 seconds / 106.750 MPH. Richard Petty qualified on the outside pole, and in dominating fashion he led 386 laps, winning by over four laps. It was Petty's tenth career win at North Wilkesboro and his 151st career NASCAR victory. Benny Parsons led six laps and finished second. Buddy Baker finished third in the No. 71 K&K Insurance Dodge owned by Nord Krauskopf. Allison lead seven laps and finished fourth in the race. Cecil Gordon rounded out the top five finishers. Yvon DuHamel, a top AMA road racer from Quebec, drove a Mercury prepared by Junie Donlavey and finished in tenth place in his only career Cup race. Twenty of the 30 cars that entered the race were running at the finish.

In the Wilkes 400 of 1973 Bobby Allison, driving for his own No. 12 Coca-Cola team, won the pole position. He and Richard Petty led most of the race, Allison with 161 and Petty with 222. As Petty led the race late, Allison pitted and got fresh tires on a late pit stop, running down Petty and passing him on the final lap. It was considered as one of the most exciting races ever at North Wilkesboro Speedway.

In 1975 the NASCAR Baby Grand Series, later known as Goody's Dash Series, ran its first race at North Wilkesboro, with a win by Dean Combs. Thirty-seven races were run at the track from 1975-1984,1986-1987, and 1995-1996. Dean Combs had the most wins at the track with 15 victories.

In the Gwyn Staley 400 of 1977, Cale Yarborough became the first driver to win a NASCAR Cup Series race on his birthday. Neil Bonnett beat Yarborough for the pole, but in the race Yarborough led 320 laps on the way to his birthday victory. Only the top three, Yarborough, Richard Petty and Benny Parsons finished on the lead lap.

In the Wilkes 400 of 1978, Darrell Waltrip won the pole in his No. 88 Gatorade DiGard team Chevrolet. Waltrip led the first 381 laps of the 400-lap race. But with 19 laps remaining, Cale Yarborough passed Waltrip and took the win. Yarborough and Waltrip were the only drivers to finish on the lead lap in the 27-car field. This ninth win of the season for Yarborough virtually locked his third straight NASCAR Cup Series championship driving for car owner Junior Johnson.

Race report
Chevrolet vehicles filled up the majority of the 30-car racing grid. Parsons would earn the pole position for the race with a qualifying speed of , while the winner of the race posted an average race speed of . Cale Yarborough jumped to the lead at the start of the race, and led the first 64 laps. During that period, several drivers dropped out- Jimmy Means dropped out with a blown engine on lap 14, Bill Hollar had rear-end issues on lap 32, and Ronnie Thomas crashed out.

After pit stop shuffling, Richard Petty inherited the lead on lap 77, and held it through lap 231, only giving it up during a pit stop sequence. Other DNFs occurred during this period, as Earl Brooks dropped out with rear end failure, Nelson Oswald crashed out on lap 142, Buddy Arrington dropped out with rear-end issues on lap 168, and Slick Johnson crashed out on lap 211. Benny Parsons would take the lead on lap 240, but Petty grabbed it back on 272. Finally, Bobby Allison would make the winning pass on lap 354, winning the race over Petty by three and a half seconds. Twenty different drivers exchanged the lead over the course of the 400-lap event, which lasted two hours and 50 minutes.  Only four drivers would be on the lead lap at the end of this race: Allison, Petty, Benny Parsons, and Dale Earnhardt. Darrell Waltrip rounded out the top 5, while the rest of the top ten consisted of J.D. McDuffie, Richard Childress, Buddy Baker, Cale Yarborough, and Joe Millikan.

At the end of the race, Bobby Allison would be a mere nine points ahead of Darrell Waltrip in championship standings, with Cale Yarborough, Benny Parsons, and Donnie Allison making up the rest of the top five.

Earl Brooks would make his final official NASCAR appearance at this event. Notable crew chiefs who actively participated in this race were Joey Arrington, Kirk Shelmerdine, Darrell Bryant, Dale Inman, Bud Moore, Tim Brewer, and Jake Elder.

The race started at 2:00 PM and would finish around 4:50 PM. Prize money for each finishing contestant varied from $13,750 for the winner ($ in current US dollars) to a meager $625 for the last-place finisher ($ in current US dollars).

The total prize purse for this race was $80,375 ($ in current US dollars).

Petty Enterprises fielded mostly Chevrolet and Buick vehicles from 1979-1981, before switching to Pontiacs.

Qualifying

Finishing order
Section reference:

 Bobby Allison (No. 15)
 Richard Petty (No. 43)
 Benny Parsons† (No. 27)
 Dale Earnhardt† (No. 2)
 Darrell Waltrip (No. 88)
 J.D. McDuffie† (No. 70)
 Richard Childress (No. 3)
 Buddy Baker† (No. 28)
 Cale Yarborough (No. 11)
 Joe Millikan (No. 72)
 Donnie Allison (No. 1)
 Dave Marcis (No. 02)
 Dick Brooks† (No. 05)
 Ricky Rudd (No. 90)
 Terry Labonte (No. 44)
 James Hylton† (No. 48)
 Frank Warren (No. 79)
 D.K. Ulrich (No. 40)
 Roger Hamby (No. 17)
 Tommy Gale† (No. 64)
 Dick May† (No. 19)
 Cecil Gordon† (No. 24)
 Baxter Price (No. 45)
 Slick Johnson*† (No. 87)
 Buddy Arrington* (No. 67)
 Nelson Oswald* (No. 09)
 Earl Brooks*† (No. 7)
 Ronnie Thomas* (No. 25)
 Bill Hollar*† (No. 99)
 Jimmy Means* (No. 52)

† signifies that the driver is known to be deceased
* Driver failed to finish race

Standings after the race


Radical 75

Radical 75 meaning "tree" is 1 of 34 Kangxi radicals (214 radicals total) composed of four strokes.

In the Kangxi Dictionary, there are 1,369 characters (out of 49,030) to be found under this radical.

In the Chinese Wu Xing ("Five Phases"), 木 represents the element Wood.

Characters with Radical 75

Literature

External links
Unihan Database - U+6728

075


Daniel Askill

Daniel Askill (born 1977) is an Australian filmmaker and artist who uses film, photographs, video installation and sculpture in his work. He has directed short films, music videos, commercials and fashion films. He is currently based between Sydney and New York.

Early life and work
Askill was born in Sydney in 1977. He initially studied visual communication at the University of Technology Sydney in 1997 before moving to London, studying at the Central Saint Martins College of Art and Design in 1999.

Working freelance in London, he was involved in design work and film direction. Also during his time in London, he engaged in visual design work for Alexander McQueen.

In 2001, Askill returned to Sydney and founded multimedia production and design studio Collider with his colleagues Andrew van der Westhuyzen and Sam Zalaiskalns. The studio has since expanded and presently has a large roster of staff and directors.

In addition to his background in film and video, Askill also has a background in music composition and performance. He also recorded an album with shakuhachi player Riley Lee when he was 19. With Collider, Askill directed short films, fashion films and commercials for companies including Sony, Dior Homme and Xbox.

We Have Decided Not To Die
In 2003, Askill wrote and directed the critically acclaimed, surreal short film We Have Decided Not To Die. Exhibited in various international film festivals, the film won prizes at the Clermont-Ferrand festival in France, Melbourne International in Australia, Brookyln International and South by Southwest in the United States. The work is notable for its portrayal of the human body, ritual and use of visceral special effects. It was described by film critic Susan Shineberg in the Sydney Morning Herald as "a breathtaking, burnished triptych, it evokes a surreal, ritualistic world whose characters appear to float free of space and time".

Works
Along with his video art he has also directed numerous music videos for artists such as Sia,
These New Puritans and Phoenix. He directed Phoenix's Rally (2007) and Consolation Prizes (2006)

Askill was also commissioned to make films for fashion companies like Ksubi, Another Magazine, Dior and Acne.

In 2009, Askill collaborated with the Sydney Dance Company in its creative work We Unfold. Askill was commissioned to provide video art to screen alongside the work which was exhibited at the Venice Biennale in 2010.

Askill's most recent, solo exhibitions Modern Worship (2011) and Three Rituals (2011) have been exhibited in Los Angeles and Sydney. The works are described as "a meditation on the notion of ritual and how it can be viewed through the eyes of modern culture" and use video installation, photography and sculpture. At the ARIA Music Awards of 2014 he won Best Video, co-directing with Sia Furler, on her music video, "Chandelier" (March 2014).

List of works

Film
 We Have Decided Not to Die (2003)
Take Flight - The New York Times (2015)
 Universal Machine (2019)

Artistic works
 Modern Worship (2011)
 Slow Work on a Bright Screen (2010)
 Triptych and Transforming (2010)
 Artefacts from The Fifth Ritual (2009)
 We Unfold (2009)
 Suspending Disbelief (2008)
 Angel (2007)

Music videos
 Lady Gaga – Stupid Love (2020)
 Sia – Rainbow (2017)
 Sia – The Greatest (2016)
 Sia – Cheap Thrills (Performance Edit) (2016)
 Sia – Alive (2016)
 Sia – Big Girls Cry (2015)
 Sia – Elastic Heart (2015)
 Sia – Chandelier (2014)
 These New Puritans – Fragment Two (2013)
 WIM – See You Hurry (2011)
 These New Puritans – We Want War (2009)
 Digitalism – Pogo (2007)
 Phoenix – Rally (2007)
 Placebo – Follow the Cops (2006)
 Phoenix – Consolation Prizes (2006)
 Unkle feat. Ian Brown – Reign (2005)
 Sia – Breathe Me (2004)

Commercials

Askill has also directed a number of commercials for companies including, Sony, BMW, Dior Homme, and Xbox.

 Sony – New York City Ballet
 Smirnoff – Purity
 BMW – Climate Control
 History Channel – Hero
 Xbox – Faces
 Dior Homme – Jude Law
 Cadillac – Roll
 Airfrance – Swimming Pool
 Lexus – Merge
 Hummer – Chairs
 Panasonic  – Olympic Art

Selected exhibitions and screenings

 Prism, Los Angeles – Three Rituals – 2011
 Gallery A.S, Sydney – Modern Worship – 2011
 Nam June Paik Art Center, Seoul, Korea- Souvenirs from Earth – 2011
 Venice Biennale, Venice, Italy – We Unfold – 2010
 World Expo, Shanghai, China – We Unfold – 2010
 ASVOFF Centre Pompidou, Paris, France- Nocturna – 2010
 RAFW, Sydney- Suspending Disbelief – 2009
 Monster Children Gallery, Sydney- Artefacts From The Fifth Ritual – 2009
 Palais de Tokyo, Paris – France Artcurial for Amnesty International – 2008
 Werkleitz Biennale, Halle, Germany – Happy Believers – 2006 (group)
 Institute of Contemporary Art, London, UK – onedotzero – 2004
 ARTSPACE, Sydney, Australia – We Have Decided Not To Die – 2003


Ada Isensee

Ada Isensee (born May 12, 1944) is a German stained glass artist.

Life

Isensee was born in Potsdam in 1944. In 1964 she began studying psychology at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich completing her qualification in Tübingen. She was complete in 1967 and went to study at the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris.

Isensee has work in collections including the Corning Museum of Glass and she has led several exhibitions.

She was married to  who was another glass artist. They had moved in the 1970s to live and work in Buoch where they raised two sons. He died in 2000. In 2015 she was asked to create a retrospective exhibition in Remshalden.


Samaritan (2020 film)

Samaritan is an upcoming American superhero action-thriller film directed by Julius Avery. With a script from Bragi F. Schut, the project has been described as a dark, new take on superhero movies.

Plot
A young boy comes to the realisation that a famed superhero, who was thought to have gone missing after an epic battle twenty years ago, may in fact still be around.

Cast
 Sylvester Stallone as The Samaritan
 Martin Starr
 Moisés Arias
 Dascha Polanco
 Pilou Asbæk
 Javon 'Wanna' Walton
 Jared Odrick
 Michael Aaron Milligan

Production

Development
In February 2019, MGM acquired a script by Bragi F. Schut titled “Samaritan”, and was announced to co-produce the film with Balboa Productions. In September 2019, Julius Avery joined the production as director.

Casting
In February 2019, Sylvester Stallone was announced to star as the titular role, in addition to his role as producer. In February 2020, Martin Starr, Moisés Arias, Dascha Polanco, Pilou Asbæk, Javon 'Wanna' Walton, Jared Odrick, and Michael Aaron Milligan had join the cast in supporting roles.

Filming
In September 2019, filming was scheduled for a 2020 start date in Atlanta. Filming was confirmed to have commenced by February 26, 2020.

Release
Samaritan is scheduled to be release on December 11, 2020. It was previously slated for November 20, 2020.


Luukkonen

Luukkonen is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 Gabriel Luukkonen (1880–1943), Finnish politician
 Fanni Luukkonen (1882–1947), leader of the Finnish Lotta Svärd
 Risto-Veikko Luukkonen (1902–1972), Finnish architect
 Risto Luukkonen (1931–1967), Finnish boxer
 Aino-Maija Luukkonen (born 1958), Finnish politician
 Ukko-Pekka Luukkonen (born 1999), Finnish professional ice hockey goaltender


Nosara River

Nosara River is a river of Costa Rica.


Until Forever

Until Forever is the debut EP by rap/production duo MnkeyWrench. The EP was released as a free download on August 1, 2011. A digital copy of Until Forever is currently available for purchase on iTunes and Amazon.

Track listing


Unoma Ndili Okorafor

Unoma Ndili Okorafor (born 1974) is a Nigerian computer scientist and entrepreneur. Okorafor founded Working to Advance African Women, a program which supports African women in technology, in 2007. She is the Chief Executive Officer at Herbal Papaya and Radicube Technologies.

Early life and education
Okorafor was born in Nigeria. She studied computer and electrical at the University of Lagos, graduating in 2008. She moved to Texas for her graduate studies, earning a master's degree at Rice University in 2001 and a PhD from Texas A&M University in 2008. At Texas A&M University she was a Sloan Foundation Scholar. Okorafor married Ekpe Okorafor and had two children whilst a graduate student. Her PhD, Secure Integrated Routing and Localization in Wireless Optical Sensor Networks, was supervised by Deepa Kundur. She then joined Stanford Graduate School of Business, where she completed an Executive Program in Social Entrepreneurship. She also completed the Social Entrepreneurship program at INSEAD.

Career
Okorafor has worked at Intel, Hewlett-Packard and IBM. In 2007, whilst completing her PhD, Okorafor founded Working to Advance African Women (WAAW). WAAW is a 501(c) not-for-profit which promotes STEM education to African women. She launched the program with savings she made as a graduate student. WAAW runs 13 programs in Ghana, Kenya, Uganda, Cameroon, Malawi, Togo, Nigeria and South Africa. They have over one hundred volunteer university fellows and have reach several thousand girls a year. Alongside educating young women, Okorafor works with communities and families to ensure that no one tries to stop girls choosing STEM subjects.

Okorafor is a Visiting Professor at the African University of Science and Technology, where she teaches courses on computer science. She is the Chief Executive Officer at Herbal Papaya and Radicube Technologies.

Awards and honours
2018 - One of OkayAfrica's Top 100 Women in 2018

2016 - ITU and UN Women GEM Tech Award

2013 - Anita Borg Social Change Agent Award

2010 - Crans Montana Leaders Forum "Future World leader"


Hector Estrada

Hector Estrada is a Puerto Rican and Dominican entrepreneur and creative director. He owns the brands Triko and Amivectio.

Career
Estrada began working for Eckō Unltd. while he was still in college, and graduated from New Jersey City University. He has also worked as creative director for the brand MeccaUSA. In 2001, he launched his brand Triko. Triko incorporates sustainable materials such as tagua, coconut shell and organic cotton in its clothing. The name "Triko" is a combination of the words "Tri", completion comes in three, "K" from "Arawak" meaning good person, and "O" for "one" referring to unity. In 2005, Estrada partnered with Reebok to make a Triko sneaker which was inspired by the Mexican Revolution. Estrada supports children's charities through Triko, including contributions to Coalition to Stop the Use of Child Soldiers, and the Children's Aid Society. Three percent of all Triko sales go to child-based charities.

In 2009, Estrada introduced his brand, Amivectio. The brand aims to define modern America by combining classic fashion with innovation and functionality. Amivectio is a combination of "amicus," meaning friends, and "circumvectio," meaning revolt, which combined means "Friends of the Revolution." Amivectio aims to challenge and alter society through six principles: equal opportunity, clean air, water, soil, and energy, health and sustainability, and education. The label supports the Clean Water Action, an organization which works to protect America's waters, build healthy communities, and support democracy.

Both of Estrada's brands, Triko and Amivectio, were featured at the Cargo Tradeshow in 2010.


Gościkowo

Gościkowo , formerly Paradyż (German Paradies),  is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Świebodzin, within Świebodzin County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. It lies approximately  north of Świebodzin,  north of Zielona Góra, and  south-east of Gorzów Wielkopolski.

In the 13th century, the village was known as Gościchowo which is the source of the modern name. In 1230 Mikołaj Bronisz (Wieniawa) granted the area to the Cistercians who gave it the Latin name Paradius Matris Dei, from which Paradyż and Paradies were derived.

The village has a population of 380.


Romford Ice Arena

Romford Ice Arena was an ice rink located in Romford in the London Borough of Havering, England. The venue was built in the 1980s and at the time of opening in 1987 was equipped with a full range of facilities, including a cafe and arcade games. The venue closed in April 2013.

It was the home of the Romford Raiders ice hockey team. In addition to ice hockey, the arena had resident professional figure skating coaches. The rink was also used for public skating, as a conference centre and a party venue. The building was owned by the London Borough of Havering Council and leased out.

In December 2007 the ice rink featured in the BBC Christmas ident.

In 2011 it was reported that Romford Ice Arena was going to be demolished and rebuilt with additional features such as a gymnasium and swimming pool, but ultimately it was decided to simply renovate the existing building.

In April 2013, the Ice Arena closed permanently. The building is being replaced with a Morrisons superstore, and a new leisure centre is to be built in Romford town centre, on Western Road. The new leisure centre will have an ice rink, as has already been confirmed. Work has already begun on the new Morrisons and will be opened in the near future.