Baytown Township Ground Water Plume

The Baytown Township Groundwater Plume is a Superfund site located east of the village of Lake Elmo, Minnesota, United States. The plume extends into Baytown and West Lakeland Townships and continues eastward approximately four miles to the St. Croix River. Baytown Township is a rapidly developing rural/suburban residential area on the eastern edge of the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area. The contaminated groundwater is primarily in the Prairie du Chien-Jordan aquifer, which is the major source of drinking water for many residents in the area through private and residential wells. The Lake Elmo Airport is located near the western end of the plume and is administered by the Metropolitan Airports Commission (MAC). An estimated 8,000 people live in the area; 80 percent of the residents use private wells for their water supply.

Threats and contaminants
There are two volatile organic compounds of concern in the groundwater contaminant plume - trichloroethylene (TCE) and carbon tetrachloride.  The Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) believes that use of the chlorinated solvent TCE at a former metal working facility at the location of the Hagberg Country Market was the major source of site ground water contamination.  The use of TCE at the Lake Elmo airport likely also have caused some of the TCE groundwater contaminant plume.  On the north side of the plume there are a few former grain storage bins which MPCA believes were the potential source of carbon tetrachloride that was previously detected in that area of the plume.

Cleanup progress
The Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) first detected TCE in private wells in 1987. Between 1987 and 2003, the MPCA, MDH, MAC, and the Washington County Department of Health collected thousands of samples from private wells. MDH conducted a public health assessment and created a well advisory area.  MPCA and MAC have installed over 30 monitoring wells in the area.  MPCA signed a Record of Decision in 2000 which calls for cleanup in three areas: the groundwater plume and private wells; the city of Bayport municipal well #2; and the source area.

The remedy for the groundwater plume and private wells includes plume monitoring and installation and maintenance of granular activated carbon (GAC) treatment units for private wells that exceed 5 micrograms per liter (ug/l or "parts per billion") TCE.  Installation of GAC units has been completed at approximately 125 existing wells. The plume currently appears to be stable; however, a small number of additional units may be needed annually due to new home construction or interior plume variation. If the health-based limit for TCE is lowered in the future, GAC units would be needed at additional residential wells. The site currently is undergoing a groundwater optimization study by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers under contract to the United States Environmental Protection Agency to be completed in winter 2011.

External links
Baytown Township Ground Water Plume EPA Factsheet


Pablo Zinger

Pablo Zinger is a conductor, pianist, writer, composer, arranger, lecturer and narrator, specializing in the music of Ástor Piazzolla, tango, Spanish zarzuela, and Latin American vocal and instrumental music.

Biography

Pablo Zinger was born in 1956 in Uruguay and has lived in New York City since 1976. He is married to Adriana Sananes.  Mr. Zinger holds a Bachelor of Music and Master of Music Degrees from Manhattan School of Music, where he studied piano with Zenon Fishbein.

Career

Mr. Zinger has conducted and played with orchestras, singers and chamber groups throughout the Americas and in Spain, Russia, Poland, Slovenia, Japan, Korea, South Africa, Germany and Norway.

In 2009, he accompanied Plácido Domingo singing tangos at Washington’s Constitution Hall, narrated Piazzolla’s Pueblo Joven at Tokyo’s Opera City (2008), played and conducted the Moscow première of Piazzolla’s María de Buenos Aires (2006), and conducted the closing of Paquito D'Rivera's Carnegie Hall 50th Anniversary Concert (2005).

In 1987, he was asked by Ástor Piazzolla to serve as musical director for the premiere production of Tango Apasionado at the Westbeth Theater Center. Mr. Zinger also played piano in the production and on the Kip Hanrahan recording which followed on the American Clavé label (see Discography).

He tours and records frequently with the Nuevo Tango Zinger Septet (Valencia, Spain). His critically acclaimed CD's include Tango Apasionado with Ástor Piazzolla, Chamber Music from the South and the Grammy nominated The Clarinetist with Paquito D'Rivera and Gustavo Tavares, Las Puertas de la Mañana (songs of Carlos Guastavino), and two albums of Carlos Suriñach’s flamenco-infused music.

He is considered the pre-eminent conductor of zarzuela in the U.S. Since 2004, he has been the Musical Director of the Zarzuela Series at the National Hispanic Cultural Center, directed by Salomé Martínez-Lutz in Albuquerque, NM.

As a sideline, Mr. Zinger has written for The New York Times, Opera News, Guitar Review and Classical Singer, and has lectured for the New York Philharmonic.

He has conducted the Costa Rica National Symphony, Simón Bolívar Orchestra (Venezuela), Maribor Philharmonic (Slovenia), Montevideo Philharmonic and Montevideo Pro Opera (Uruguay) and Bronx Arts Ensemble with Jazz greats Tito Puente, Dave Valentin, Néstor Torres and John Faddis.
At New York's Town Hall, he conducted Piazzolla's María de Buenos Aires and Pueblo Joven (U.S. première), Ernesto Lecuona's María la O, Roig's Cecilia Valdés, Moreno Torroba’s Luisa Fernanda and Barbieri's El barberillo de Lavapiés. Other zarzuela credits: Spanish Repertory Theatre (1980–1994), Orlando Opera, Zarzuela Company Domingo-Embil (Mexico), International Zarzuela Festival (El Paso), Jarvis Conservatory (Napa), and Santa Barbara Grand Opera. Zinger's La Verbena de la Paloma (El Paso, '96) was seen nationally on PBS and his Luisa Fernanda (Napa, '97) was issued on CD and DVD.

As Musical Director of New York's Polish Theatre Institute, Mr. Zinger has conducted Polish operas, concerts and cabaret presentations throughout the U.S. and in five tours of Poland.

Discography

 1987 Rough Dancer and the Cyclical Night (Tango Apasionado), Nonesuch (ASIN: B00004R8RX) - originally issued by American Clavé
 1993 Las Puertas de la Mañana (songs of Carlos Guastavino) with Ulises Espaillat, tenor, New Albion (ASIN: B000000R3I)
 1993 Doppio Concertino, (composed by Carlos Suriñach), New World (ASIN: B0000030HJ)
 1996 Suriñach: Ritmo Jondo, New World (ASIN: B0000030JP)
 1997 For Winds, Newport Classic (ASIN: B000003W3L)
 1999 Chamber Music from the South, Mix House (ASIN: B00000JF7H)
 2002 The Clarinetist, Pimienta (ASIN: B00005K29C)
 2016 Latin American & Spanish Masterpieces for Flute & Piano, Albany Records (ASIN: B01CPLC0HM)


Leonard Bawtree

Leonard Bawtree (January 7, 1924 – June 7, 2014) was a Canadian politician. He served in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1976 to 1979, as a Social Credit member for the constituency of Shuswap.


Acer Predator

Acer Predator is a gamer-focused brand and line of computer hardware owned by Acer. In 2008, Acer introduced itself in the gaming computer market with a line of desktop computers: the Acer Aspire Predator series, later renamed as Acer Predator. The series is characterized by the futuristic computer chassis and high performance. In 2016, a complete range of Predator desktops, gaming notebooks, tablets and accessories exists.

The range competes with Lenovo's Legion, Dell's G series, Alienware and HP's Omen.[citation needed]

Laptops

Specifications

Predator Helios 300

Predator Helios 300 Special Edition

Predator Helios

Predator Triton 500

Predator Triton 700

Predator Triton 900

Desktops

AG3620 (2012)
AG5900 (2010)
AG7200
AG7700 (2009)
AG7710 (2009)
AG7711
AG7712
AG7713
AG7750 (2010)
AG3-710-UR53
AG3-710-UR54
AG6-710-70001
AG6-710-70002
AG6-710-70004

Specifications

Monitors

Specifications


Magenta (DC Comics)

Magenta is a fictional character in the DC Comics' series Teen Titans. She is a former hero turned villain.

An early concept design for Magenta by George Pérez appeared in DC Sampler #2, with the character's initial name being Polara and her color scheme consisting of red and blue rather than magenta and white.

Magenta made her live appearance on the third season of The Flash played by Joey King.

Fictional character biography
Frances Kane was Wally West's girlfriend during his Kid Flash days. When Wally was a member of the New Teen Titans, Frances began to have strange experiences, including objects flying around without control. Frances' mother believed that she had been possessed, a theory that gained credence when, during an especially powerful episode, the silhouette of a large horned person appeared. The Titans managed to save Frances, who was thereafter discovered to have magnetic superpowers. Unbeknownst to the Titans, the silhouette had not been a demon, but the magnetically powered supervillain Doctor Polaris, who had been trapped in another dimension by Green Lantern and was trying to use Frances' nascent powers to escape.

Wally pushed her to become 'Kid Flash's girlfriend' — a superhero. She became Magenta (a word that suggests "magnet"), and used her powers as Kid Flash's "super girlfriend" and as a Titans ally. The pressure of being a superhero put a lot of stress on her, and the pair broke up. West regretted this in his adult life.

Despite the break-up, Frances still had feelings for Wally (some of them negative), and when the Justice League fought the Teen Titans, Magenta came to help, even using her abilities to jump-start a machine that was vital in saving Earth from massive chunks of debris from a falling planet.

Her heroic efforts masked her growing mental illness. Though Frances was often called "bipolar" (as a darkly humorous pun on her magnetic powers), her illness more closely resembled multiple personality disorder; all the stress and resentment emerged into a vindictive and aggressive new identity, while her "regular" personality became unusually weak-willed and mousy. It is notable that this split personality problem has also cropped up in Doctor Polaris, though his mental illness apparently predated his super-villain career.

The "new" Magenta forced a confrontation with Wally West (now the third Flash) which quickly devolved into a brawl, and when police intervened, she used her powers to rip the fillings from their teeth. Flash was horrified by Frances' nearly homicidal tendencies.

Frances would encounter Wally on and off again many times. In one incident, she was calm and non-violent, realizing that using her powers would awaken her 'darker' side. Unfortunately, she had to use her powers as one of Flash's enemies had teleported a bomb to a computer-determined random location in the city. Frances, riding on Flash's back, was able to detect the bomb with her powers and, risking turning evil, levitate it high enough so its explosion harmed no one. During her time, she formed a friendship with Linda Park, Wally's girlfriend, bonding over things Wally had done in the past.

Later, she would return and attempt to kill the Flash. Using her powers to hijack a car transport vehicle, she raced it through town. She flung car after car at the Flash, who didn't have the simple luxury of just dodging the cars, as he had to protect the townspeople from Kane herself. With the help of Linda, Frances calmed down enough to end her rampage.

Later, when Cicada began to attack the Flash, Magenta was an early convert. She was present at the final battle between the two, but escaped. She joined Blacksmith's rogues and garnered the unrequited attraction of Girder. She came to her senses and ripped Girder in half. Her interference allowed Flash the chance to defeat his other adversaries.

In the 2005 'Rogue War' storyline, she was shown as a member of James Jesse's reformed Rogues (alongside Jesse, Heatwave, and the Pied Piper). When they attacked Captain Cold's group, she was defeated by the Weather Wizard.

She was seen among the new Injustice League and is one of the exiled villains in Salvation Run. On Earth, she got involved with the Cyborg Revenge Squad, a loosely formed group of villains with mastery over metals and cybernetics assembled by the shady Mister Orr, on the behest of Enclave M to capture the cybernetic hero Cyborg and harvest his discoveries and technologies for military uses. Cyborg gave her an electric shock so powerful it brought her back to her senses, unaware of where she was and what she had done but still able to recognize Cyborg.

Magenta appears in the post-Rebirth DC Universe. In the "Flash War" prelude, Wally West is hoping to find people from his past who still remember him, so he approaches Frances Kane. She initially doesn't know who Wally West is, but she suddenly regains her missing memories and reacts violently as Magenta. However, Wally West manages to calm her down and they reconcile over their shared history.

Powers and abilities
Magenta can generate and control magnetic fields, which she can use to move, lift, and manipulate ferrous metals. She can focus her powers into blasts of concussive magnetic force that can shatter steel, or fire electromagnetic pulses to disrupt electronic systems. She can concentrate her magnetic powers into a protective shield that repels metals and most physical assaults. By surrounding herself with an aura of magnetism that has an equal polarity to the Earth's own geomagnetic field, she can cause the Earth to repel her upward, and thereby fly by magnetic levitation.

In other media
Magenta appears in her self-titled episode of The Flash portrayed by Joey King. Frankie Kane is a metahuman orphan who lived with her abusive foster father John James and his wife Karen James. Her split-personality refers to herself as Magenta and both she and Frankie were affected as a result of the temporal changes due to the Flashpoint timeline and gained the ability to control metal after meeting Doctor Alchemy. She did different attacks on John James. After being talked down by Flash, Magenta was later seen at S.T.A.R. Labs where she was told that John James will be prosecuted and that Caitlin Snow found a better home for Frankie to live at. When asked by Frankie what happens when her Magenta personality resurfaces, Barry Allen tells her that she should fight it and call them if she needs help dealing with Magenta. In the episode "Marathon" which takes place sometime after Crisis on Infinite Earths, pictures of Frankie and her Magenta side appear in Vibe's "Who's Who" binder of characters who's statuses upon the formation of Earth-Prime are unknown. Frost mentioned that she liked her.


Jin'Eala Woreda

Jin'Eala is one of the woredas in the Harari Region of Ethiopia.


Warsaw (European Parliament constituency)

In European elections, Warsaw () is a constituency of the European Parliament. It consists of the counties (powiats) of Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Legionowo, Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki, Otwock, Piaseczno, Pruszków, Warsaw West, Wołomin and city of Warsaw.

Nomenclature
The relevant Polish legislation ("The Act of 23 January 2004 on Elections to the European Parliament") establishing the constituencies does not give the constituencies formal names. Instead, each constituency has a number, territorial description, and location of the Constituency Electoral Commission. The 2004 Polish National Election Commission and the 2004 European Parliament Election website uses the territorial description when referring to the constituency, not the electoral commission location.


Highest averages method

The highest averages method or divisor method is the name for a variety of ways to allocate seats proportionally for representative assemblies with party list voting systems. It requires the number of votes for each party to be divided successively by a series of divisors.  This produces a table of quotients, or averages, with a row for each divisor and a column for each party.  The th seat is allocated to the party whose column contains the th largest entry in this table, up to the total number of seats available.

An alternative to this method is the largest remainder method, which uses a minimum quota which can be calculated in a number of ways.

D'Hondt method
The most widely used is the D'Hondt formula, using the divisors 1, 2, 3, 4, etc. This system tends to give larger parties a slightly larger portion of seats than their portion of the electorate, and thus guarantees that a party with a majority of voters will get at least half of the seats.

Webster/Sainte-Laguë method
The Webster/Sainte-Laguë method divides the number of votes for each party by the odd numbers (1, 3, 5, 7 etc.) and is sometimes considered more proportional than D'Hondt in terms of a comparison between a party's share of the total vote and its share of the seat allocation. This system can favour smaller parties over larger parties and so encourage splits.
Dividing the votes numbers by 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 etc. yields the same result.

The Webster/Sainte-Laguë method is sometimes modified by increasing the first divisor to e.g. 1.4, to discourage very small parties gaining their first seat "too cheaply".

Imperiali
Another highest average method is called Imperiali (not to be confused with the Imperiali quota which is a Largest remainder method). The divisors are 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5 and so on. It is designed to disfavor the smallest parties, akin to a "cutoff", and is used only in Belgian municipal elections. This method (unlike other listed methods) is not strictly proportional, if a perfectly proportional allocation exists, it is not guaranteed to find it.

Huntington–Hill method
In the Huntington–Hill method, the divisors are given by , which makes sense only if every party is guaranteed at least one seat: this effect can be achieved by disqualifying parties receiving fewer votes than a specified quota. This method is used for allotting seats in the US House of Representatives among the states.

Danish method
The Danish method is used in Danish elections to allocate each party's compensatory seats (or levelling seats) at the electoral province level to individual multi-member constituencies. It divides the number of votes received by a party in a multi-member constituency by the divisors  growing by step equal to 3 (1, 4, 7, 10, etc.). Alternatively, dividing the votes numbers by 0.33, 1.33, 2.33, 3.33 etc. yields the same result. This system purposely attempts to allocate seats equally rather than proportionately.

Quota system
In addition to the procedure above, highest averages methods can be conceived of in a different way.  For an election, a quota is calculated, usually the total number of votes cast divided by the number of seats to be allocated (the Hare quota).  Parties are then allocated seats by determining how many quotas they have won, by dividing their vote totals by the quota.  Where a party wins a fraction of a quota, this can be rounded down or rounded to the nearest whole number. Rounding down is equivalent to using the D'Hondt method, while rounding to the nearest whole number is equivalent to the Sainte-Laguë method.  However, because of the rounding, this will not necessarily result in the desired number of seats being filled.  In that case, the quota may be adjusted up or down until the number of seats after rounding is equal to the desired number.

The tables used in the D'Hondt or Sainte-Laguë methods can then be viewed as calculating the highest quota possible to round off to a given number of seats.  For example, the quotient which wins the first seat in a D'Hondt calculation is the highest quota possible to have one party's vote, when rounded down, be greater than 1 quota and thus allocate 1 seat.  The quotient for the second round is the highest divisor possible to have a total of 2 seats allocated, and so on.

Comparison between the D'Hondt, Sainte-Laguë and Huntington–Hill methods
D'Hondt, Sainte-Laguë and Huntington-Hill allow different strategies by parties looking to maximize their seat allocation. D'Hondt and Huntington–Hill can favor the merging of parties, while Sainte-Laguë can favor splitting parties (modified Saint-Laguë reduces the splitting advantage).

Examples

In these examples, under D'Hondt and Huntington–Hill the Yellows and Greens combined would gain an additional seat if they merged, while under Sainte-Laguë the Yellows would gain if they split into six lists with about 7,833 votes each.

The total vote is 100,000. There are 10 seats. The Huntington–Hill method threshold is 10,000, which is 1/10 of the total vote.


1980 ABN World Tennis Tournament – Singles

Björn Borg was the defending champion of the singles event at the ABN World Tennis Tournament, but did not participate in this edition. Unseeded Heinz Günthardt won the title after a victory in the final against first-seeded Gene Mayer 6–2, 6–4.

Seeds

Draw

Finals

Upper half

Lower half


Pietrastornina

Pietrastornina (Campanian: ) is a town and comune in the province of Avellino, Campania, southern Italy.


Acacia rigens

Acacia rigens, commonly known as nealie, is an erect or spreading shrub or small tree that is endemic to Australia. Other common names include needle wattle, needlebush acacia, nealia and nilyah.

Plants grows to between 1 and 6 metres high and have rigid, terete phyllodes that are between 3 and 13 cm long. The bright yellow flowerheads appear in groups of up to four in the axils of the phyllodes. These appear between July and December in the species' native range, followed by curled, twisted or coiled  seed pods which are 4 to 10 cm long and 2 to 3 mm wide.

The species occurs on red earth, sandy or shaly soils in mallee and woodland in southern Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria, New South Wales and Queensland.

The larvae of the double-spotted lineblue butterfly feed on this species.

The species was first formally described in 1832 by botanist Allan Cunningham.

Cultivation
The species is fast-growing and is both frost and drought tolerant, rarely requiring watering after establishment. It is adaptable to most soils and is best suited to a position in full sun or light shade.


Stephen Rennicks

Stephen Rennicks is an Irish musician and film score composer based in Dublin.

As a boy, Rennicks predominantly listened to and sang what he described as "Irish Protestant Baptist gospel music, choruses and hymns", and later claimed it was an influence on his process of learning harmony.  During the later years of the 1980s, Rennicks was a member of a band called the Prunes, which traveled through nightclubs in France and Germany playing punk music.

Rennicks worked with director Lenny Abrahamson on What Richard Did (2012). For Abrahamson, he later served as music director for the 2014 film Frank, where he was tasked to write songs that were a hybrid of pop and experimental rock music. Rennicks was inspired by musicians he met while in the Prunes, wrote the score and supervised the recordings of his original songs. For Frank, Rennicks won the award for Best Technical Achievement – Music at the 2014 British Independent Film Awards, and was nominated for Original Score at the 12th Irish Film & Television Awards.

Abrahamson and Rennicks collaborated again on the 2015 film Room. As a Canadian co-production, Rennicks was nominated for the Canadian Screen Award for Best Score in January 2016.  In April, he then won for Original Music at the 13th Irish Film & Television Awards.


Les Goodman

Les Goodman (born September 1, 1950) is a former running back in the National Football League. He played professionally for the Atlanta Falcons and the Green Bay Packers.

Early life
Goodman was born Leslie Edward Goodman Jr. in Port Jefferson, New York, and graduated from Port Jefferson High School. He played college football at Yankton College.

Career
Goodman was drafted in the third round of the 1972 NFL Draft by the Atlanta Falcons. He played two seasons with the Green Bay Packers.


China Railways 6K

The 6K is a Japanese-built electric locomotive used in China. It is developed and built by Kawasaki Heavy Industries and Mitsubishi Electric. The design of 6K is based on JNR Class ED75 and EF66 electric locomotives . It is the first locomotive with Bo-Bo-Bo wheel arrangement used in China.

Production
In total 85 6Ks were built between 1986 and 1987.

Equipment
Each 6K locomotive uses CLG-616 phase splitter and 6 Mitsubishi Electric MB-530-AVR DC traction motors.

Performance
6K was one of the most reliable electric locomotives in China compared with SS1, SS2 and SS3 at the time of entering service.  China later made SS7 locomotive with reference to the Tri-Bo wheel arrangement of 6K, the breakdown rate, however, was still high, until its modified version SS7B, SS7C and SS7D designed.


The 1911 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final was the twenty-fourth All-Ireland Final and the culmination of the 1911 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, an inter-county hurling tournament for the top teams in Ireland.

The game was supposed to be between Limerick and Kilkenny, but Limerick refused to play in Thurles after the original fixture on 18 February 1911 in Cork was postponed owing to the state of the pitch. Tipperary were nominated to play in the All-Ireland final in their absence.
Kilkenny were the winners.


Sunrise English Medium School

Sunrise English Medium is a co-educational school in Howrah, West Bengal, India that was established in 1975.

The Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) Examination is a K-10 public board examination for students in India who have just completed Class X (equivalent to the first two years of the 4 year High School programme). Seven subjects are to be taken by the candidates, of which four are compulsory and three have a choice of subjects.

The Indian School Certificate (ISC) Examination is a K-12 public board examination for those completing Class XII (equivalent to the end of the 4 year High School programme). Candidates must have English and Environmental Education as two of their subjects, and then may choose either three, four or five more subjects.

The CISCE does not accept private candidates, and they must come only through the (English medium) schools affiliated to the CISCE. The medium of examination is English, except the Indian language paper. At the end of the examination, marks out of 100 are provided in each subject and a separate pass certificate is given containing the equivalent grades.


Mambilla Plateau

The Mambilla Plateau is a plateau in the Taraba State of Nigeria. The plateau is Nigeria's northern continuation of the Bamenda Highlands of Cameroon.

The Mambilla Plateau has an average elevation of about  above sea level, making it the highest plateau in Nigeria. Some of its villages are situated on hills that must be at least  high above sea level.

Some mountains on the plateau and around it are over  high, like the Chappal Waddi (more appropriate name: Gang) mountain which has an average height of about  above sea level. It is the highest mountain in Nigeria and the highest mountain in West Africa if Cameroon's mountains, such as Mount Cameroon, are excluded.

The Mambilla Plateau measures about  along its curved length; it is  wide and is bounded by an escarpment that is about  high in some places. The plateau covers an area of over . Gang ('Chappal Waddi') Mountain is found at the northeastern flank of the Plateau.

Location
The Mambilla Plateau, cradle of the Bantu-speaking peoples (Zeitlyn & Connell, 2003; Griffith, 2007; Martin, 2009),and continuously inhabited for over four millennia by the same Mambillobantu culture, is found in the southeastern part of Taraba State of Nigeria under Sardauna local government area (the former Mambilla District set up in January 1940, which became known as 'Mambilla Local Authority' of Mambilla Division in 1970, and then as 'Mambilla Local Government Area' in 1981). The current 'Sardauna' title is believed to be an inappropriate cognomen for this historically famous spot in Africa, given that the combination of three local government areas in one, which was the tenuous basis for the new appellation, has since ceased to exist. The false premise of a "sardauna" "discovering" the area is untenable, since the entire former Northern Cameroon Province headquartered at Mubi has since reverted to the use of their various true names. The people of the Mambilla Plateau are equally entitled to their ancient and historical identity and to be appropriately named, just as all other areas in the defunct "Sardauna" Province. The name "Mambilla" is a derivative of the ancient name "Mamberre" which has been used for the Mambilla Plateau from ancient times and which concomitantly denotes its inhabitants.

The plateau has its south and eastern escarpments standing along the Cameroonian border, while the remainder of its giant northern escarpment and its western slope are in Nigeria.

Climate
The climate of the plateau is comparatively cold. Daytime temperatures hardly ever exceed  making it the coolest region in Nigeria. Strong winds prevail during the daytime, and the rainy season lasts from mid-March until the end of November. As a result of its high elevation, the plateau experiences temperate weather conditions but on a smaller scale due to its location in a tropical environment.

Rainfall
The rainy season on the Mambilla Plateau is associated with frequent and heavy rainfall due to orographic activities on the plateau involving moist winds from the south Atlantic Ocean in southern Nigeria and the steep edges and escarpments of the plateau. The Mambilla Plateau receives over 1850 millimetres of rainfall annually. It is also mosquito and tse-tse fly free.

Topography
The Mambilla Plateau is hilly with deep gorges and travelers are constantly passing from one panoramic view to the other. The plateau is entirely covered by soil with occasional occurrence of granite.

Drainage
The plateau is dissected by many streams and rivers; notably among them are the Donga River and Taraba River, with both having their sources on/from the Mambilla Plateau.

Vegetation
Vegetation on the plateau comprises low grasses with trees being noticeably absent except for man-made forest planted by German colonialist during the period of German administration of the cameroons (c. 1906-1915)and other Nigerian government tree planting programs. The plateau is the only region of Nigeria that grows the tea plant on a large scale, and there are several tea farms, although the sector remains mostly underdeveloped. It is also home to the Gashaka Gumti National Park, which is the largest national park and protected area in all of Nigeria, as well as the Majang Forest known officially as Ngel Nyaki Forest Reserve, both of which harbor rare and endangered West/Central African plant and animal species endemic to the area.
The eucalyptus tree is the dominant tree is these man made forest as a result of the easily adaptability of the eucalyptus tree to the height and the cool climatic conditions on the plateau.
The abundance of low lush green grasses on the plateau has attracted a large number of cattle, whose advent beginning during British rule affected the plateau's vegetation. This has resulted in overgrazing and widespread erosion on the plateau and has created problems between the cattle herders, referred to as the fulanis, and the indigenous people, the Mambila.

Towns
The Mambilla Plateau constitutes one of Taraba State's largest local government areas. There are numerous towns on the plateau with populations ranging from 2,000 to 20,000 people except for Bommi (Gembu), Nigeria|Gembu]]), which is a sprawling ancient Mambilla city with a much higher population. The latter contains the headquarters of new-christened "Sardauna"  Local Government Area which is synonymous with the Mambilla Plateau. Other important towns on the plateau are Liimil (Mbamga), Mvurr (Warwar), Bang, Mbuk (Tapnyia), Ndik (Kabri), Gam (Vakude), Mbar, Kara, Mang, Dembe, Nge (Leme), Mbun (Kakara) (Which is home to Mambilla Beverages Company Ltd, the only Tea Production Company in West Africa), Furu (Yerrmaru), Yirrum, Ngumbun, Kuma, Kerke (Titong), Mbungnu (Nguroje), New Ndaga (Mayo Ndaga), Benene (Maisamari), and Mamal (Hainare). According to Percival (1938), the Germans met some 200 villages on the Mambilla Plateau,all being of Mambilla origin then.

Today, there are, besides the Mambilla towns and villages, Kaka-Yamba settlements in the southwest along the Cameroonian border which are believed to be of recent emergence (Connell, 1997; Hurault, 1998; SIL ethnologue,2010) and include Anterre and Inkirri established by splinter groups from Mfumte area of Cameroon's North-West Region, both being place names still in use in Mfumte area. Others are Ndum, Warrkaka, and their satellites emanating from the Donga-Mantung Division of the same Region of Cameroon Republic.

People
The major, original and predominant group of the Mambilla Plateau are the Mambilla. Since the British occupation and thereafter, there has been immigration of other groups including the Kaka, Fulani, and trading communities of Igbo, Wimbum (Kambu), Hausa and Banso. The major Languages spoken on the Mambilla Plateau are Mambilla (the language of the predominant population,  Fufulde (used for commercial transactions by various groups), Kaka, Banso, Igbo, etc. English is used as official language. Note, however, that only the Mambilla and Kaka have existing villages while the Fulanis established cattle-farm settlements nestling between these villages in British times.
Christianity and Islam are the main religions today, having gradually displaced the Mambilla Traditional Religion based on Suu, which was the predominant religion before the coming of White missionaries and Hausa-Fulanis; and particularly before the 1970s.

Attractions
The highland is home to Nigeria and West Africa's only highland tea plantations, Located In Kakara town.
Nigeria's largest game reserves, the Gashaka/Gumti Game Reserve is found north of the Gang ('Chappal Waddi') Mountain area just on the northern border of the Mambilla Plateau. The Gang Peak is West Africa's highest peak (excluding Cameroon's peaks) and has a rich historical and tourist importance steeped in enthralling Mambilla mythologies and legends. 'Chappal Wadi' is a misnomer for the ancient Gang Peak, whose tradition and historical phenomena have spanned several centuries to date (see Bami-Yuno: Jumboni - History of the Mambilla Chiefdom, ms).
A hydroelectric power dam is planned to be constructed on the plateau.
A rich culture,
with spectacular cultural dances across the plateau.
Splendid waterfalls dot the Mambilla landscape.


Tror du jeg er født i går!

Tror du jeg er født i går! is a 1941 Danish family film directed by Lau Lauritzen Jr. and Alice O'Fredericks.

Cast
Max Hansen as Cornelius Nielsen
Maria Garland as Tante Emma Solberg
Bodil Steen as Frk. Johanne Solberg
Tove Arni as Paula
Knud Heglund as Fætter Henrik Hahe
Eigil Reimers as Direktør Hans Hahe
Victor Montell as Overretssagfører Brix Jensen
Berthe Qvistgaard as Sekretær Frk. Poulsen
Mathilde Nielsen as Frk. Møller
Petrine Sonne as Frk. Møller
Karl Goos
Erika Voigt
Karl Jørgensen
Thorkil Lauritzen
Alex Suhr
Bruno Tyron
Helga Frier
Susanne Friis
Vera Lindstrøm

External links


Juha Korkeaoja

Juha Sakari Korkeaoja (born January 11, 1950) is a Finnish politician. A member of the Centre Party, he was Member of the Parliament of Finland for Satakunta from 1991 to 2011 and Minister of Agriculture and Forestry in the Jäätteenmäki Cabinet and Vanhanen I Cabinet from 2003 to 2007.

Born in Kokemäki, Korkeaoja graduated as Master of Agriculture from the University of Helsinki in 1976. He later worked as a farmer. In addition to his parliamentary career, he was also member of the City Council of Kokemäki from 1993 to 2004. In the Parliament, Korkeaoja chaired the Defence Committee from 2007 to 2011. In the 2011 election, Korkeaoja was not elected to the Parliament anymore. He failed to return to the Parliament in the 2015 election.


Cristian Savani

Cristian Savani (born 22 February 1982) is an Italian volleyball player, a member of Italy men's national volleyball team in 2001–2013 and Italian club BluVolley Verona, a medalist of the Olympic Games (silver in 2004, bronze in 2012), 2012 Italian Champion, double Chinese Champion (2015, 2016).

Career
Cristian Savani in National team and Serie A1 plays since 2001. In the Italian league his debut was in team from Montichiari from which went for two years to Itas Diatec Trentino and first national team match against Bulgaria.

Personal life
Savani was born in Castiglione delle Stiviere, Italy. He is married to Mihaela Travica (Dragan's sister, Ljubomir's daughter). On 4 April 2013 his wife gave a birth to their first child - daughter named Mia.

Sporting achievements

Clubs

CEV Cup
 2007/2008  with M. Roma Volley

Challenge Cup
 2009/2010  with Sir Safety Perugia
 2010/2011  with Lube Banca Macerata

AVC Asian Club Championship
  2014 - with Fudan University Shanghai

National championships
 2011/2012  Italian Championship, with Lube Banca Macerata
 2012/2013  Italian SuperCup 2012, with Lube Banca Macerata
 2013/2014  Chinese Championship, with Fudan University Shanghai
 2014/2015  Chinese Championship, with Fudan University Shanghai
 2015/2016  Chinese Championship, with Fudan University Shanghai

National team
 2003  FIVB World League
 2003  CEV European Championship
 2004  Olympic Games
 2005  CEV European Championship
 2011  CEV European Championship
 2012  Olympic Games
 2013  FIVB World League
 2013  CEV European Championship

Individually
 2009 Memorial of Hubert Jerzy Wagner - Best Spiker
 2010 CEV Challenge Cup - Best Server
 2011 Memorial of Hubert Jerzy Wagner - Most Valuable Player
 2011 World Cup - Best Server
 2012 Olympic Games London - Best Server
 2014 Asian Club Championship - Best Outside Spikers
 2015 CVL League - Best Outside Spikers
 2015 CVL League - Most Valuable Player


Privalov

Privalov (, from привал meaning halt) is a Russian masculine surname, its feminine counterpart is Privalova. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksandr Privalov (born 1933), Soviet biathlete
Aleksandra Privalova (born 1987), Belarusian table tennis player
Irina Privalova (born 1968), Russian sprinter
Ivan Privalov (1891–1941), Russian mathematician
Ivan Privalov (footballer) (1902–1974), Ukrainian football player

In fiction
 Sergey Privalov, character in the two-part feature film Privalov's Millions
 Aleksandr Ivanovich Privalov, character in the science fiction novel Monday Begins on Saturday


Materials and Structures

Materials and Structures is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of RILEM (the International Union of Laboratories and Experts in Construction Materials, Systems and Structures). It covers research on fundamental properties of building materials, their characterization and processing techniques, modeling, standardization of test methods, and the application of research results in building and civil engineering. Materials and Structures also publishes comprehensive reports prepared by RILEM Technical Committees. The editor-in-chief is Pietro Lura (Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology).

Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in:

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2015 impact factor of 2.453.


Gardiner and Joseph (1810 ship)

Gardiner and Joseph (or Gardener and Joseph, or Gardner and Joseph) was launched at Hull in 1810. She made 11 voyages to Greenland or Davis Strait as a Northern Whale Fishery whaler. She then traded briefly between Hull and North America. She was last listed in 1825.

Career
She was a replacement for her owners's , launched at Hull in 1802 and lost in 1808.

Gardner & Joseph first appeared in Lloyd's Register (LR) for 1810 with Holberry, master, Eggingtons, owner, and trade Hull–Davis Strait.

The following data is from Coltish, supplemented by data from Lloyd's List (LL), LR, and the Register of Shipping (RS):

Fate
Gardner and Joseph ceased whaling. She was last listed in LR in 1824 with trade Hull–America and in the RS in 1825 with trade Hull–Quebec.

Citations and references
Citations


Parmena pontocircassica

Parmena pontocircassica is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Mikhail Leontievich Danilevsky and Alexander Ivanovich Miroshnikov in 1985. It is known from Russia, Turkey, Georgia and Ukraine. It feeds on Abies nordmanniana.


Wisden Cricketers' Almanack

Wisden Cricketers' Almanack, or simply Wisden, colloquially the Bible of Cricket, is a cricket reference book published annually in the United Kingdom. The description "bible of cricket" was first used in the 1930s by Alec Waugh in a review for the London Mercury. In October 2013, an all-time Test World XI was announced to mark the 150th anniversary of Wisden Cricketers' Almanack.

In 1998, an Australian edition of Wisden Cricketers' Almanack was launched. It ran for eight editions.

In 2012, an Indian edition of Wisden Cricketers' Almanack was launched (dated 2013), entitled Wisden India Almanack, that has been edited by Suresh Menon since its inception.

History

Wisden was founded in 1864 by the English cricketer John Wisden (1826–84) as a competitor to Fred Lillywhite's The Guide to Cricketers. Its annual publication has continued uninterrupted to the present day, making it the longest running sports annual in history. The sixth edition was the first published under its current title; the first five were published as The Cricketer's Almanack, with the apostrophe before the "s".

Charles Pardon, with George Kelly King, founded the Cricket Reporting Agency (CRA) in 1880. From Pardon's becoming editor of Wisden in 1887, the editor was nearly always a CRA partner and the CRA was responsible for the editorial production of the Almanack, until in 1965 it merged with the Press Association (PA).

Wisden was acquired and published by Robert Maxwell's publishing conglomerate, Macdonald, in the 1970s. Cricket fan Sir John Paul Getty, Jr., bought the company, John Wisden & Co., in 1993 and in December 2008 it was sold to A&C Black, which is owned by Bloomsbury. The company presented the Wisden Trophy, for Test matches between England and West Indies, in 1963 to celebrate its 100th edition.

In 2013, a history of Wisden was published: The Little Wonder: The Remarkable History of Wisden, by Robert Winder (). "The Little Wonder" was John Wisden's nickname.

Editions
Wisden is a small-paged but a very thick book (over 1,500 pages in modern editions) with a distinctive bright yellow cover that it has carried since the 75th edition in 1938. Prior to that, covers varied between yellow, buff and salmon pink. That edition was also the first to display the famous woodcut of two cricketers, by Eric Ravilious, on its cover. It is published each April, just before the start of the English domestic cricket season. Since 2003 the woodcut has been replaced as the main feature of the front cover by a photograph of a current cricketer, but still appears albeit in a much reduced size.

It is produced in both hardcover and softcover versions. Since 2006, a larger format edition has been published on an experimental basis. This is said to be in response to requests from readers who find the print size of the standard edition hard to read. It is around twice the traditional size and was published in a limited edition of 5,000. It is not a large print book as such, as the print will still be of a size found in many standard books.

From 2011 an Epub version, The Shorter Wisden, has been available in online bookstores. Described by the publishers as a "distillation of what's best in its bigger brother", it includes the Notes by the Editor, all the articles, reviews and obituaries and the reports on all England's Test matches for the year in question. Excluded are the statistics and other cricket reports contained within the Almanack proper.

Contents
The contents of a contemporary edition include the following sections:

Comment
Around a hundred pages of articles on cricketing topics, including the introductory "Notes by the Editor", which address often controversial cricket issues and always provoke discussion in the cricketing world.

Awards
The traditional Wisden Cricketers of the Year awards, which date back to 1889, and the Wisden Leading Cricketer of the World award, started in 2004.

Records
Traditionally the main source for key statistics about the game, although it has never attempted to be comprehensive. Nowadays the records section is intended to be complementary to the much more detailed data available online at Wisdens associated website ESPNcricinfo.

English cricket
By far the largest section of the book. Hugely detailed coverage, including scorecards of every First class game played in the previous English summer, and summaries of minor counties, second eleven, university, school and premier club cricket, as well as the Village Cup.

Overseas cricket
Full coverage of all international cricket and brief coverage of domestic first class cricket outside England.

Law and administration
This short section, 80 pages in the 2010 edition, has information about and addresses of official cricket bodies as well as the full laws of cricket, together with appendices. There are also details of meetings held by official bodies, including their major decisions, as well as articles about the Duckworth–Lewis method and Powerplays. The laws have been omitted from the most recent editions.

The Wisden Review
This section includes the Chronicle (noteworthy events from the previous year), reviews of other cricket books published in the year, noteworthy retirements and the highly regarded obituaries section among others.

Book reviews and the Wisden Book of the Year

John Arlott wrote the Books section from its inception in the 1950 edition until the 1992 edition, just before he died. Beginning with the 1993 edition the Books section has been written by a different person each year, often someone "with a literary reputation first and a separate enthusiasm for cricket". The first such reviewer was J. L. Carr, and others have included Sebastian Faulks (1997) and Leslie Thomas (1998).

An award for the Wisden Book of the Year was inaugurated in the 2003 edition. The winners have been:

The Almanack
This section contains fixtures for the forthcoming international and English domestic season, the international schedule for the upcoming seven years and the Index of Unusual Occurrences featuring quirky cricketing stories. A selection from recent years includes: Rabbit burns down pavilion; Hot-air balloons stop play; Cricketers arrested for dancing naked; Fine leg arrives by parachute; Fried calamari stopped play; Umpire locked in ground overnight..

Editors

Wisden has had 17 editors:

 W. H. Crockford/W. H. Knight(1864–69)
 W. H. Knight (1870–79)
 G.H. West (1880–86)
 Charles F. Pardon (1887–90)
 Sydney Pardon (1891–1925)
 C. Stewart Caine (1926–33)
 Sydney J. Southerton (1934–35)
 Wilfred H. Brookes (1936–39)
 Haddon Whitaker (1940–43)
 Hubert Preston (1944–51)
 Norman Preston (1952–80)
 John Woodcock (1981–86)
 Graeme Wright (1987–92, 2001–02)
 Matthew Engel (1993–2000, 2004–07)
 Tim de Lisle (2003)
 Scyld Berry (2008–11)
 Lawrence Booth (2012 to present)

Booth's deputy, promoted to the role of co-editor, is Hugh Chevallier.

Contributors
Wisden has had a large number of contributors. The majority involve match reports for the various fixtures recorded each year, but also biographies, reviews and opinion. Many great cricket writers have written for Wisden, along with many great cricketers. Neville Cardus contributed many notable essays and for many years John Arlott was responsible for the book reviews.

Five Cricketers of the Year
Since 1902 (with the occasional exception) Wisden has honoured five cricketers for their outstanding achievements over the previous year. Further details, with a full list of recipients of the award, can be found at Wisden Cricketers of the Year.

Indices and anthologies
At least two indices to Wisden have been published:
 Index to Wisden, 1864–1943 by Rex Pogson (1944)
 An Index to Wisden Cricketers' Almanack 1864–1984 by Derek Barnard (1985)

An index from 1985 onwards is available in pdf form on the Wisden web site.

A number of anthologies of articles from Wisden have been published. These include:
 Wisden Anthology by Benny Green (1979)
 Wisden Book of Obituaries edited by Benny Green (1986)
 The Wisden Papers of Neville Cardus (Wisden Papers) edited by Benny Green (1989)
 The Wisden Papers edited by Benny Green (1990)
 The Concise Wisden: An Illustrated Anthology of 125 Years edited by Benny Green (1990)
 Wisden Anthology: 1864–1900 edited by Benny Green (1992)
 Wisden Anthology: 1901–1939 edited by Benny Green (1992)
 Wisden Anthology: 1940–1963 edited by Benny Green (1992)
 Wisden Anthology: 1964–1982 edited by Benny Green (1992)
 Endless Summer: 140 Years of Australian Cricket in Wisden edited by Gideon Haigh (2003)
 The Wisden Collection: Volume 1 edited by Graeme Wright (2004)
 The Wisden Collection: Volume 2 edited by Graeme Wright (2005)
 Wisden at Lords: An Illustrated Anthology edited by Graeme Wright (2005)
 Wisden Anthology: 1978–2006: Cricket's Age of Revolution edited by Stephen Moss (2006)

Style, design, graphical content and materials
For the first 32 years of its existence the Almanack was only published in softback form, in a paper cover that varied in colour through the years between shades of pink, yellow and buff. From the 33rd (1896) edition onwards hardback copies became available at twice the price of the softback.

In 1889 the Almanack published its first photoplate, commissioned to accompany the Editor's nomination of six great Bowlers of the Year. From then on a photoplate appeared each year up to and including 1915. The plates were attached to an un-numbered page in the Almanack and had a tissue protector. They continued to show a number of selected players of the year except in 1896, when W G Grace was the only subject, and in 1913, when the 50th edition published no selections but celebrated John Wisden himself. After a two-year hiatus during World War 1 the plate reappeared in 1918, but as a mechanically printed image depicting five School Bowlers of the Year. The image in the 1919 edition continued to reflect wartime exigencies with its five Public School Cricketers of the Year before normal service resumed in 1920 with five Batsmen of the Year. From then on, with four exceptions (see Wisden Cricketers of the Year), the norm was to include an image of five Cricketers of the Year. It was not until 1938 that other photographs were introduced.

From 1933 to 1939 the softback editions of the Almanack contained a cricket bat bookmark attached by the blade to the inside of the spine with yellow string. The bat handle of the bookmark is easily lost and softbacks with entirely intact bookmarks command a price premium.

In 1938 the Almanack underwent some significant style, design and material changes under the supervision of Robert Henry Harling. He introduced a new typeface and new designs for the front covers of both the softback and hardback editions. A yellow linen cover featuring the iconic woodcut by Eric Ravilious replaced the paper wrapper of the softback edition – a reason why softbacks from this time onwards are often referred to as "linens" even though they changed to a cloth-effect card binding in 1957. The design of the softback from 1938 onwards is probably the one most associated with the word "Wisden" in the mind of the general public.

There was a change to the orientation of the gilt lettering on the spines of hardbacks from 1941 to 1948. This was probably required by, and then a relict of, the slimness of the volumes published during World War 2. Excepting the 1963 centenary softback, the external appearance of both types of the Almanack then remained substantially unchanged until 1965 when the hardback was issued with a dust jacket. This was printed on yellow paper with the same design as the softback, giving a uniformity of appearance to both formats.

Between 1965 and 1978 the woodcut and text elements of the softback covers and the hardback dust jackets were printed in a variety of colours before reverting to black on yellow from 1979 onwards. Since that time some other changes have occurred to the style, design and materials:

Between 1982 and 1984 the hardback dust jackets were printed on white paper
Colour photographs first appeared in the Almanack in 1988
From 1994 the hardback dust jackets were laminated, making them more resistant to wear and tear
In 2001 the layout of the front board of the hardback was changed
In 2003 a new style of photo dust jacket was introduced, although readers were informed that those who preferred the "traditional cover" could order one free from the publisher. This offer did not last: from the following year onwards a charge was made for providing these covers.

Minor changes of style have taken place throughout the Almanacks history, and are documented in a collector's guide that was updated and reprinted in 2011.

Facsimile editions

Due to their rarity the early editions of Wisden, and editions published during the two World Wars, are rare and expensive. However, every edition up to 1946 is also available in facsimile form.

The first facsimile set was printed by Billing & Sons in 1960. Approximately 150 softback copies were produced of each year from 1864 to 1878 and made available either as part of a set or as singles. The facsimiles are clearly marked with an entry in capital letters at the bottom of the title page: "Facsimile edition 1960 made and printed in Great Britain by Billing and Sons Ltd., Guildford and London".

Lowe and Brydone produced another print run of the first 15 years in 1974. The run was limited again to 150 softback sets. These facsimiles are marked with an entry in capital letters at the bottom of the title page: "Second facsimile edition made and printed in Great Britain by Lowe and Brydone (Printers) Limited".

In 1991 John Wisden & Co Ltd produced its own facsimile set in a distinctive yellow box. This again comprised editions from 1864 to 1878 inclusive and was limited to 1000 sets. The individual books are not strictly facsimiles, and cannot be mistaken for originals, because although they include a copy of the original covers they are hardbound in red boards with "WISDEN FACSIMILE" in gilt on the front and the set number – "No. X of 1000" – on the back. Internally there is also an entry to the effect that the editions are facsimiles at the bottom of each title page: "This facsimile edition is published in 1991 by John Wisden & Co. Ltd. and printed by The Eastern Press Ltd., Reading".

In recent years a more extensive range of facsimiles has been produced by the Willows Publishing Company Ltd. As of early 2014, softback and hardback editions up to and including 1946 have been published. Like the Wisden facsimile set, the Willows softback facsimiles up to 1937 are hardbound, in tan cloth with gilt embossing, but from 1938 onwards they are true facsimiles with yellow linen covers. The hardback editions are also true facsimiles, with dark brown covers upon which the original gilt embossing is reproduced. Internally all Willows editions are identified as reprints at the base of the title page and limited edition numbers, where applicable, are also marked on the binding or cover.

The first three facsimile sets reproduced the wrong back cover for the 1878 edition – they incorrectly showed a list of articles supplied by John Wisden & Co. The Willows facsimile contains the correct advertisement, for a book on Oxford and Cambridge cricket matches from 1827 to 1876.

To celebrate the 150th edition, a facsimile of the 1864 edition was offered by John Wisden & Co as an incentive for those who subscribed to both the 2013 and 2014 editions. The facsimile offer was repeated in 2014 for those willing to subscribe to the Almanack by direct debit. This is not a true facsimile as the back cover does not reproduce the "List of Articles" of the original, but instead on the inside there is an advertisement for Wisden reprints from the Willows Publishing Company and on the back a celebration of 150 years of Wisden. At the bottom of the back cover information is provided about the reprint: "This reprint of the first edition of Wisden was produced in 2013 for the publisher, John Wisden & Co, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc. Printed and bound by MPG Books."

Facsimile dust jackets are available for editions of Wisden from 1965 to 2003 to replace those that have been lost or damaged. They are also offered from 2004 onward as "traditional covers" that can be substituted for the original photo dust jackets. Supplied by Wisdens "official dust jacket supplier", these jackets are laminated and are printed in black on yellow (unlike the original jackets issued with the editions from 1965 to 1978 that incorporated colour elements). Replacement dust jackets are also clearly distinguishable from the originals as they are marked on the back cover with the words "REPLACEMENT DUST JACKET".

The same supplier offers traditional design dust jackets for editions from 1946 to 1964. Although these mimic the appearance of the softback covers they are not true facsimiles as the original hardback editions were never issued with dust jackets.

On 1st December 2018 Willows Publishing sold all their remaining stock of circa 2500 books to www.wisdenauction.com

Print runs

The size of Wisden print runs is of considerable interest to collectors as rarity has a very strong influence on the value of individual editions.

The most reliable, or rather most widely quoted, source of information on print runs is an article by Leslie Gutteridge titled "A History of Wisden" published in the 1963 Almanack. In this article the writer states that it had proved impossible to trace any printing orders earlier than 1936, having earlier mentioned that records had been lost during the Second World War as a result of two attacks on the publisher and Wisden's Mortlake factory.

Despite the lack of early records Gutteridge notes that editions from 1889 to 1901, except 1896 and 1900, ran to two impressions (the word "impression" rather than "edition" is used throughout this section to avoid confusion with Wisden's use of "edition" in the book's title). He also notes in passing the rarity of the 1875 edition, though "not ... so scarce as the first issue of 1864", without providing specific details.

It is for the years from 1936 onwards that Gutteridge puts numbers to the print runs, providing either combined figures, or a breakdown of softback and/or hardback numbers, for each year to 1949:

After 1949 he notes that numbers diminished, although at the time he wrote the article sales of the softback and hardback editions were still 11,000 and 10,000 respectively. It is likely that these figures were greatly exceeded in the centenary year as the 1963 edition ran to three impressions.

In more recent years sales of the 2006 edition exceeded 50,000 in total. The size of the print run was based on the publisher's belief that England's successful Ashes campaign the previous summer would attract considerable public interest.

Although unsupported by any reliable documentation, it is almost certain that print runs were reduced during the First World War. The 1916 edition, also containing as it does the obituary of W G Grace, is the most expensive 20th century Wisden.

The smallest recent print runs are believed to be for the years 1969 to 1971.

Collecting Wisdens

Collecting Wisdens is popular among cricket followers, and early editions command high prices. The first edition, only 112 pages long, sold for one shilling. Rare copies of the early editions can sell for thousands of pounds.


Ikhtiyar al-Din Hasan ibn Ghafras

Ikhtiyar al-Din Hasan ibn Ghafras or Ikstiyar al-Din Hasan ibn Gavras (died 1192) was a courtier and long-time vizier of the Seljuk Sultan of Iconium, Kilij Arslan II (reigned 1156–1192).

He was a member of the Byzantine Gabras family, very likely identical with, or possibly the son of, an unnamed member of the family who defected to the Sultan in the late reign of Emperor Manuel I Komnenos (r. 1143–1180), became a leading member of the Seljuk court, and served as the Seljuk ambassador to the Emperor during the Myriokephalon campaign of 1175–76. Ikthyar himself is safely attested from ca. 1180 on, when he led negotiations with Saladin. He held the post of vizier until Kilij Arslan's death in 1192. According to A. Bryer, he was "regarded as a wise statesman and noted for the splendour of his robes and personal jewelry". Nevertheless, it is possible that he (or a possible son) is the "Ghawras" who was accused of poisoning the Sultan and his heir, Kaykhusraw I, in 1192. After Kilij Arslan's death, he was dismissed from his office and made for his estates near Erzincan, where he intended to retire, but was waylaid and killed on the way by Turkmen raiders. His estates were then claimed by the Mengujekid emir Bahramshah.


Deutz (wine)

Deutz, formerly known as Deutz & Geldermann, is a Champagne producer based in the Aÿ region of Champagne. The house was founded in 1838 by William Deutz and Pierre-Hubert Geldermann and has since been run by successive generations of the Deutz and Geldermann families.

History
Throughout its early history Deutz was one of the most popular Champagne Brands in the UK, exporting almost 600,000 bottles at its peak. Today the main markets are domestic.

In 1983, the house was acquired by the Rouzaud family, who also own Louis Roederer which helped restore the house to better financial footing. Deutz owns holding in the Bordeaux wine estate of Chateau Vernous and the Rhone estate of Delas Freres. In 1988, Deutz formed a partnership with New Zealand producer Montana Wines to make sparkling wines in the Marlborough region of New Zealand. Since 1993, the estate has been part of the Louis Roederer portfolio of wineries, which also include the Bordeaux wine estate of Château de Pez. In the early 1990s, Deutz partnered with Beringer Wine Estates and a San Luis Obispo landowner to form the Californian sparkling wine producer Maison Deutz. By 1997, the estate wasn't producing the financial results that Deutz and Beringer were expecting and their interest in the company was sold to the Californian winemaker who rebranded the wine as Laetitia.

Deutz Portfolio
 Deutz Brut Classic NV
 Deutz Rosé NV
 Deutz Vintage
 Deutz Rosé Vintage
 Deutz Blanc de Blancs Vintage
 Cuvée William Deutz
 Amour de Deutz Blanc de Blanc
 Amour de Deutz Rosé


.wf

.wf is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Wallis and Futuna Islands. This top-level domain is run by the AFNIC and registrations are open to all.


Lectionary 1575

Lectionary 1575 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 1037 (Soden), is a Greek-Coptic diglot lectionary manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 9th-century.

Description

The Greek text of this codex is a representative of the Alexandrian text-type. Kurt Aland did not place it in any Category.

Parts of this manuscript were formerly numbered as uncials 0129 and 0203. When was discovered that they belonged to the same manuscript as ℓ 1575, it was shown they were parts of the same lectionary.

The part formerly known as uncial 0129 is in the National Library of France (Copt. 129,11) in Paris; that formerly known as uncial 0203 is located at the British Library in London; the remainder of ℓ 1575 is located at the Österreichische Nationalbibliothek (Pap. K. 16.17) in Vienna.

According to the Alands, uncial 0129 contains a small part of the Pauline epistles, on two parchment leaves (35 cm by 25.5 cm). The text is written in two columns per page, 33 lines per page, in uncial letters.

It is dated by the INTF to the 9th-century.


Omega-3 carboxylic acids

Omega-3 carboxylic acids (Epanova) is an FDA approved prescription medication used alongside a low fat and low cholesterol diet that lowers high triglyceride (fat) levels in adults with very high levels. This was the third class of fish oil-based drug, after omega-3 acid ethyl esters (Lovaza and Omtryg) and ethyl eicosapentaenoic acid (Vascepa), to be approved for use as a drug. The first approval by US Food and Drug Administration was granted in 2014. These fish oil drugs are similar to fish oil dietary supplements but the ingredients are better controlled and have been tested in clinical trials.

Following phase III clinical trial in mixed dyslipidaemia, AstraZeneca announced on 13 January 2019 that the clinical is terminated as there is no medical benefit of the medication.

Medical uses
Omega-3 carboxylic acids are used in addition to changes in diet to reduce triglyceride levels in adults with severe (≥ 500 mg/dL) hypertriglyceridemia.

Intake of large doses (2.0 to 4.0 g/day) of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids as prescription drugs or dietary supplements are generally required to achieve significant (> 15%) lowering of triglycerides, and at those doses the effects can be significant (from 20% to 35% and even up to 45% in individuals with levels greater that 500 mg/dL).  It appears that both eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) lower triglycerides, but DHA appears to raise LDL-C ("bad cholesterol") more than EPA, while DHA raises HDL-C ("good cholesterol") while EPA does not.

Other fish-oil based drugs
There are other omega-3 fish oil based drugs on the market that have similar uses and mechanisms of action.

 Omega-3 acid ethyl esters (brand names Omarcor or Lovaza, Omtryg, and as of March 2016, four generic versions.
 Ethyl eicosapentaenoic acid (Vascepa)

Dietary supplements
There are many fish oil dietary supplements on the market.   There appears to be little difference between in effect between dietary supplement and prescription forms of omega-3 fatty acids but EPA and DHA ethyl esters (prescription forms) work less well when taken on an empty stomach or with a low-fat meal.  The ingredients of dietary supplements are not as carefully controlled as prescription products and have not been fixed and tested in clinical trials, as prescription drugs have, and the prescription forms are more concentrated, requiring fewer capsules to be taken and increasing the likelihood of compliance.

Side effects
Special caution should be taken with people who have with fish and shellfish allergies. In addition, as with other omega-3 fatty acids, taking omega-3 carboxylic acids puts people who are on anticoagulants at risk for prolonged bleeding time.

Side effects include diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain, and burping.

Omega-3 carboxylic acids have not been tested in pregnant women and are rated pregnancy category C; it is excreted in breast milk and the effects on infants are not known.

Pharmacology
Omega-3 carboxylic acids are directly absorbed in the small intestine; maximum plasma concentrations are achieved between 5–8 hours after dosing for total EPA and between 5–9 hours after dosing for total DHA.  Both DHA and EPA are mainly metabolized in the liver like other fatty acids derived from food.  The half-life of EPA from Omega-3 carboxylic acids is about 37 hours, and for DHA about 46 hours.

Mechanism of action
Omega-3 carboxylic acids, like other omega-3 fatty acid based drugs, appears to reduce production of triglycerides in the liver, and to enhance clearance of triglycerides from circulating very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles; the way it does that is not clear, but potential mechanisms include increased breakdown of fatty acids; inhibition of diglyceride acyltransferase which is involved in biosynthesis of triglycerides in the liver; and increased activity of lipoprotein lipase in blood.

Physical and chemical properties
Omega-3 carboxylic acids are derived from fish oil and are a purified mixture of the polyunsaturated free fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA).  The drug contains a concentration of DHA at 15-25 % and a concentration of EPA at 50-60%.

History
Omega-3 carboxylic acids was approved by the US FDA in May 2014 and was the third prescription form of an omega-3 product approved in the United States but the first in free fatty acid form. Development was completed and regulatory was obtained by AstraZeneca, but omega-3 carboxylic acids were first created at Chrysalis Pharma in Switzerland; Princeton-based Omthera had obtained rights from Chysalis, and Astrazeneca acquired Omthera in 2013 for $323 million in cash along with up to $120 million in milestones.  At the time Epanova was approved, AstraZeneca's plan was to develop a combination product with rosuvastatin, the patent on which was set to expire in 2016.

Clinical trials of Epanova for severe hypertriglyceridemia showed good results. However, a clinical trial on mixed dyslipidaemia (hypertriglyceridemia  with hypocholesterolemia) was started on 30 October 2014, which after phase III, was terminated on 13 January 2019 due to lack of medical benefit in the results.