University College Dublin

University College Dublin (commonly referred to as UCD; ) is a research university in Dublin, Ireland, and a member institution of the National University of Ireland. It has over 1,482 academic staff and 32,000 students, and it is Ireland's second largest university after TU Dublin, based on 2017/18 student enrolments. UCD originates in a body founded in 1854, which opened as the Catholic University of Ireland on the Feast of Saint Malachy and with John Henry Newman as its first rector; it re-formed in 1880 and chartered in its own right in 1908. The Universities Act, 1997 renamed the constituent university as the "National University of Ireland, Dublin", and a ministerial order of 1998 renamed the institution as "University College Dublin – National University of Ireland, Dublin".

Originally in locations across Dublin city, all faculties have since relocated to a  campus at Belfield, four kilometres to the south of the city centre.

The 2020 U.S. News & World Report rates UCD as the highest globally ranked Irish university, and the 2019 QS World University Rankings rate UCD as 1st in Ireland and 78th in the world for employability and reputation.

A report published in May 2015 showed the economic output generated by UCD and its students in Ireland amounted to €1.3 billion annually. UCD is frequently ranked among the top universities in Europe. Five Nobel Laureates are among UCD's alumni and current and former staff.

History
UCD can trace its history to the institution founded in 1854 as the Catholic University of Ireland. It became University College Dublin in 1908 under the Universities Act.

Catholic University of Ireland

After the Catholic Emancipation period of Irish history, Archbishop of Armagh attempted to provide for the first time in Ireland higher-level education for followers of the Catholic Church and taught by such people. The Catholic Hierarchy demanded a Catholic alternative to the University of Dublin's Trinity College, whose Anglican origins the Hierarchy refused to overlook. Since the 1780s, the University of Dublin had admitted Catholics to study; a religious test, however, hindered the efforts of Catholics in their desire to obtain membership of the University's governing bodies. Thus, in 1850 at the Synod of Thurles, it was decided to open a university in Dublin for Catholics.

As a result of these efforts, a new "Catholic University of Ireland" opened in 1854, with John Henry Newman appointed as its first rector. The Catholic University opened its doors on the feast of St Malachy, 3 November 1854.

As a private university, Catholic University was never given a royal charter, and so was unable to award recognised degrees and suffered from chronic financial difficulties. Newman left the university in 1857. Bartholomew Woodlock was appointed Rector and served until he became Bishop of Ardagh and Clonmacnoise in 1879.

In 1880, the Royal University of Ireland was established and allowed students from any college to take examinations for a degree.

Foundation of University College Dublin

In 1882, Catholic University was renamed University College, and began participating in the Royal University system. The college attracted academics from around Ireland, including Fr. Gerard Manley Hopkins and James Joyce. Some notable staff and students at the school during this period included Francis Sheehy-Skeffington, Patrick Pearse, Hugh Kennedy, Eoin MacNeill, Kevin O'Higgins, Tom Kettle, James Ryan, Douglas Hyde and John A. Costello.

In 1908, the National University of Ireland was founded and the following year the Royal University was dissolved. This new University was brought into existence with three constituent University Colleges – Dublin, Galway and Cork. Following the establishment of the NUI, D. J. Coffey, Professor of Physiology, Catholic University Medical School, became the first president of UCD.
Under the Universities Act, 1997, University College Dublin was established as a constituent university within the National University of Ireland framework.

UCD and the Irish War of Independence

UCD is a major holder of archives of national and international significance relating to the Irish War of Independence.

In 1913, in response to the formation of the Ulster Volunteers, Eoin MacNeill, professor of early Irish history, called for the formation of an Irish nationalist force to counteract it. The Irish Volunteers were formed later that year and MacNeill was elected its Chief-of-staff. At the outbreak of World War I, in view of the Home Rule Act 1914 and the political perception that it might not be implemented, the leader of the Home Rule Party, John Redmond, urged the Irish Volunteers to support the British war effort as a way of supporting Irish Home Rule. This effort on behalf of Home Rule included many UCD staff and students. Many of those who opposed this move later participated in the Easter Rising.

Several UCD staff and students participated in the rising, including Patrick Pearse, Thomas MacDonagh, Michael Hayes and James Ryan, and a smaller number, including Tom Kettle and Willie Redmond, fought for the British in World War I.

Many UCD staff, students and alumni fought in the Irish War of Independence. Following the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty, four UCD graduates joined the government of the Irish Free State.

UCD graduates have since participated in Irish political life – three of the nine Presidents of Ireland and six of the fourteen Taoisigh have been either former staff or graduates.

Move to Belfield

By the early 1940s, the College had become the largest third-level institution in the state. In an effort to cope with the increased numbers unsuccessful attempts were made to expand the existing city-centre campus. It was finally decided that the best solution would be to move the College to a much larger greenfield site outside of the city centre and create a modern campus university. This move started in the early 1960s when the faculty of science moved to the new  park campus at Belfield in a suburb on the south side of Dublin. The Belfield campus has since developed into a complex of modern buildings and inherited Georgian townhouses, accommodating the colleges of the University as well as its student residences and many leisure and sporting facilities.

One of UCD's previous locations, the Royal College of Science on Merrion Street is now the location of the renovated Irish Government Building, where the Department of the Taoiseach (Irish prime minister) is situated. University College Dublin had also a site in Glasnevin for much of the last century, the Albert Agricultural College, the southern part of which is now occupied by Dublin City University, the northern part is where Ballymun town is located.

Architecture
The new campus was largely designed by A&D Wejchert & Partners Architects and includes several notable structures, including the UCD Water Tower which was built in 1972 by John Paul Construction. The Tower won the 1979 Irish Concrete Society Award. It stands 60 metres high with a dodecahedron tank atop a pentagonal pillar. The Tower is part of the UCD Environmental Research Station.

Timeline
1854 – The Catholic University of Ireland opens with Blessed John Henry Newman as the first rector. It is located on St Stephen's Green.
1855 – The Catholic University Medical School was opened in 1855 in Cecilia Street.
1856 – University Church was opened in 1856. Apart from religious services it was used also for public university functions and occasions such as the opening of academic sessions and the making of awards.
1861 – Bartholomew Woodlock appointed Rector and served until he became Bishop of Ardagh and Clonmacnoise in 1879.
1879 – Henry Neville, Dean of Cork appointed Rector (while still retaining his role as Parish Priest in a Cork parish).
1880 – The University Education (Ireland) Act 1879 brought in by Disraeli's government led to the establishment of the Royal University of Ireland (incorporated by charter in 1880) which was a non-teaching, degree-awarding institution.
1882/83 – The Catholic University reorganised to avail of the indirect endowment from the state through the Royal University of Ireland. The St Stephen's Green institution was renamed University College and its management was transferred to the Jesuits.
1883–1888 – Fr William Delany SJ appointed the first president of University College.
1908 –  Irish Universities Act brought into being the National University of Ireland with its constituent University Colleges – Dublin, Galway and Cork, and led to the demise of the Royal University and the Jesuit-run University College. Denis Coffey appointed the first president of reformed UCD. Coffey was to hold the position for 30 years. The Medical School in Cecilia Street became the UCD Medical Faculty. The campus covers, Earlsfort Terrace, Cecilia Street, College of Science Merrion Street, Albert College Glasnevin and St Stephen's Green.
1908 – The Faculty of Commerce established.
1911 – Land donated by Lord Iveagh helps the university expand in Earlsfort Terrace/Hatch Street/ St Stephen's Green. Iveagh Gardens are a part of this donation.
1913 – University Park, Terenure became the base of UCD sports clubs between 1913 and 1934 – although the landlord would not sell the site to UCD.
1916 – A number of junior staff and students participated in the Easter Rising.
1926- University Education (Agriculture and Dairy Science) Act transferred the Royal College of Science in Merrion Street and Albert Agricultural College in Glasnevin to UCD.
1933  – Belfield House on 44 acres is bought for sporting purposes.
1940 – Arthur Conway appointed president. During this period various plans were developed but failed to succeed to expand along Iveagh Gardens, Hatch Street and Earlsfort Terrace.
1964 – Jeremiah Hogan appointed president (1964–1972). Under the leadership of Thomas E. Nevin the science faculty moves into new campus at Belfield. UCD becomes the first University in Europe to launch an MBA programme.
1967 – Minister for Education, Donogh O'Malley, proposes plan to merge UCD and Trinity.
1969–1970 – Faculties of Commerce, Arts and Law move to Belfield.
1972 – Thomas Murphy appointed president (1972–1985).
1973 – The Library (Now known as the James Joyce Library) opens.
1980 – Richview and 17.4 acres bought. Architecture moves in there.
1981 – Sports Complex opens.
1986 – Patrick Masterson appointed president. (1986–1993)
1990s – In the 1990s, some of the students of Women's Studies petitioned to rename their Gender Studies building after Hanna Sheehy-Skeffington to honour her contribution to women's rights and equal access to third-level education. Her husband Francis Sheehy-Skeffington was himself an alumnus of the university and Hanna of the Royal University, a sister university of UCD. Their campaign was successful and the building was renamed the Hanna Sheehy-Skeffington Building.
1990 – Engineering building opens. Most, but not all of the Earlsfort terrace, Engineering department moves to Belfield.
1990 – Carysfort College, Blackrock on 19 acres bought and is the location of the Smurfit Graduate School of Business. First student village (Belgrove) opened.
1992 – Second student village (Merville) opened. The Centre for Film Studies established.
1993 – Art Cosgrove appointed president (1994–2003).
1994 – O'Reilly Hall opened.
2003 – NovaUCD, a 110 million Euro Innovation and Technology Transfer Centre opened. The purpose-built centre was funded by a public/private partnership. UCD purchased the Philips site and buildings adjacent to the Belfield campus at Clonskeagh, to facilitate the relocation of the Departments of Civil and Agricultural & Food Engineering from Earlsfort Terrace, bringing more of the remaining off-campus elements of the University to Belfield.
2004 – Hugh Brady appointed president. UCD celebrates 150th Anniversary.
2006 – UCD Horizons begins.
2007 – With the completion of the final phase of the Health Sciences Building, the last of the departments remaining at Earlsfort terrace relocate to Belfield.
2009 – Innovation Alliance announced between Trinity and UCD.
2010 – NCAD and UCD forge stronger links. The two institutions will form an academic alliance with new joint courses and research across common areas of interest. NCAD will become a recognised college of UCD. NCAD will remain on its current site and retaining institutional autonomy.
2012 – Expanded Student and Sports Centre opened containing an Olympic Swimming pool, cinema and a new gym.
2012 – UCD became embroiled in controversy over its sudden closure and destruction of the athletics track and field facilities beside Belfield House less than a day later. The track had been funded and built using private funding.
2013 – UCD O'Brien Centre for Science opened replacing much of the 1960s science infrastructure. UCD Sutherland School of Law opened to replace Roebuck Castle for the Law faculty at the South-Western end of the campus.
2014 – Andrew J. Deeks appointed President, the first Australian to hold the highest office in an Irish university.
2015 – UCD opens global centre in US to enable UCD pursue its new global engagement strategy which aims to place the university in the top ten in the world for global engagement

Academic

Colleges and schools

UCD consists of six colleges, their associated schools (37 in total) and multiple research institutes and centres. Each college also has its own Graduate School, for postgraduates.

List of colleges and their respective schools following restructuring in September 2015
 UCD College of Arts and Humanities
 UCD School of Art History and Cultural Policy
 UCD School of Classics
 UCD School of English, Drama and Film
 UCD School of History
 UCD School of Irish, Celtic Studies and Folklore
 UCD School of Languages, Cultures and Linguistics
 UCD School of Music
 UCD College of Business
 UCD School of Business
UCD Lochlann Quinn School of Business
UCD Michael Smurfit Graduate School of Business
 UCD College of Engineering and Architecture
 UCD School of Architecture, Planning and Environmental Policy
 UCD School of Biosystems and Food Engineering
 UCD School of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering
 UCD School of Civil Engineering
 UCD School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
 UCD School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering
 UCD College of Health and Agricultural Sciences
 UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science
 UCD School of Medicine
 UCD School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems
 UCD School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science
 UCD School of Veterinary Medicine
 UCD College of Social Sciences and Law
 UCD School of Archaeology
 UCD School of Economics
 UCD School of Education
 UCD School of Geography
 UCD School of Information and Communication Studies
 UCD School of Law
 UCD School of Philosophy
 UCD School of Politics and International Relations
 UCD School of Psychology
 UCD School of Social Policy, Social Work and Social Justice
 UCD School of Sociology
 UCD College of Science
 UCD School of Biology and Environmental Science
 UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science
 UCD School of Chemistry
 UCD School of Computer Science
 UCD School of Earth Sciences
 UCD School of Mathematics and Statistics
 UCD School of Physics

UCD College of Business

The UCD College of Business is made up of the Quinn School of Business, the Michael Smurfit Graduate Business School, and UCD Business International Campus. The former constituent school, the UCD Quinn School of Business (commonly The Quinn School), is the building in which the UCD College of Business's undergraduate programme is based. It is located in a three-story building on the Belfield campus and is named after Lochlann Quinn, one of the main financial contributors to the school. Other donors included Bank of Ireland, AIB, Irish Life & Permanent, Accenture, KPMG, PwC, Dunnes Stores and Ernst & Young. When first opened in 2002, it claimed to be the only business school in Europe with a specific focus on technology and e-learning.

UCD Horizons
At the beginning of the 2005/2006 academic year, UCD introduced the Horizons curriculum, which completely semesterised and modularised all undergraduate.  Under the new curriculum, students choose ten core modules from their specific subject area and two other modules, which can be chosen from any other programme at the University.

Reputation

Patrons and benefactors
The initial patrons and benefactors of UCD were the Catholic Church.

Undergraduate fees are funded in part by the Irish State (for EU citizens) and by students themselves.

Amongst the most recent patrons include actor Gregory Peck who was a founding patron of the School of Film. Other benefactors include Lochlann Quinn (UCD Quinn School of Business), Michael Smurfit (Michael Smurfit Graduate Business School), Peter Sutherland (Sutherland School of Law), Tony O'Reilly (O'Reilly Hall) and Denis O'Brien (O'Brien Science Centre)

Rankings

As of 2019, UCD was ranked by the QS World University Rankings as 193rd in the world.
The Times Higher Education World University Rankings placed UCD in the range of 201–250 in 2018.

The QS Subject Ranking: Veterinary Science, 2018 ranked UCD 24th globally and 1st in Ireland.

US News & World Report ranked UCD the top university in Ireland for 2020.

The Sunday Times University of the Year 2006 and 2020.

Research and innovation
UCD had a research income of €114.1 million during 2013/14.

The School of Physics hosts research groups in; Astrophysics, space science and relativity theory (members of the VERITAS and INTEGRAL experiments) and Experimental particle physics (participating in the Large Hadron Collider experiments LHCb and CMS).

Research institutes

Amongst the research institutes of the university are:
 Complex and adaptive systems laboratory
 Centre for Cybersecurity & Cybercrime Investigation
 UCD Earth Institute

External collaborations
Wide partnerships in which UCD is involved include:
 Adaptive Information Cluster (with DCU)
 Centre for Innovation and Structural Change (with NUI Galway and DCU)
 Centre for research on adaptive nanostructures and nanodevices (with TCD and UCC)
 CTVR Centre for Telecommunications Value-Chain-Driven Research (with DCU, TCD, NUI Maynooth, UCC, UL, DIT and Sligo IT).
 National Digital Research Centre (with Dublin City University and Trinity College, Dublin).
 National Institute for Bioprocessing Research and Training (with Dublin City University, Trinity College, Dublin and Sligo IT).
Programme for Research on Grid-enabled Computational Physics of Natural Phenomena (with DCU, TCD, UCC DIAS, NUI Galway, HEAnet, Met Éireann, Armagh Observatory and Grid Ireland).
 Advanced Biomimetic Materials for Solar Energy Conversion with the University of Limerick, Dublin City University, Airtricity, OBD-Tec and Celtic Catalysts.

Current and former campus companies
The most prominent UCD-related company is the IE Domain Registry; many UCD academics continue to sit on the board of directors. UCD originally gained control of the .ie domain in the late 1980s.

The NovaUCD initiative is UCD's innovation and technology transfer centre, funded through a public-private partnership. In 2004, Duolog relocated its Dublin headquarters to NovaUCD.

Satellite development
The Educational Irish Research Satellite 1 or EIRSAT-1 is a 2U CubeSat under development at UCD and will be Ireland's first satellite.

Student life

Students' Union

The students' union in the college has been an active part of campaigns run by the National Union, USI, and has played a role in the life of the college since its foundation in 1974.

The Union has also taken stances on issues of human rights that have hit the headlines in Ireland and around the world, in particular it implemented a ban of Coca-Cola products in Student Union controlled shops on the basis of alleged human and trade union rights abuses in Colombia. This ban was overturned in 2010.

Sport

UCD has over 60 sports clubs based on campus with 28 sports scholarships awarded annually.

UCD competes in the most popular Irish field sports of Gaelic Games, Hurling, Soccer and Rugby Union. UCD is the only Irish university to compete in both the major Irish leagues for rugby and soccer with University College Dublin A.F.C. and University College Dublin R.F.C. competing in the top leagues of their respective competitions. UCD GAA have won the most Sigerson Cup (Gaelic Football) whilst they have the second most Fitzgibbon Cup (hurling) wins, both the major University competitions in the sports in Ireland.

UCD sport annually compete in the Colours Match with Trinity College Dublin in a range of sports, most notably in rugby. The rugby side has won 35 of the 57 contests. UCD RFC has produced 13 British and Irish Lions as well 70 Irish Rugby International and 5 for other nations.

In 1985, UCD drew with Everton F.C. in the 1st round of the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup, which Everton went on to win.

Other notable team sports in the college basketball side, UCD Marian, victors in the 2012 Irish Basketball Superleague.

The Belfield campus is home to a wide range of sports facilities. Facilities include the National Hockey stadium (which has previously hosted the Women's Hockey World Cup Finals and the Men's Hockey European Championship Finals) and UCD Bowl a 3,000 capacity stadium used for rugby and soccer. UCD has one of the largest fitness centres in the country, squash courts, tennis courts, an indoor rifle range, over twenty sports pitches (for rugby, soccer and Gaelic games), an indoor climbing wall and two large sports halls. The Sportscenter was added to in 2012 with the competition of an Olympic-size swimming pool, a tepidarium and a revamped fitness center as part of the re-development of the UCD Student Centre.

UCD hosted the IFIUS World Interuniversity Games in October 2006.

Leinster Rugby
Leinster Rugby's headquarters and training facility are located on campus, housing the Academy, Senior Squad and Administrative arms of the rugby club. Their facilities include an office block and a high performance facility, located next to the Institute of Sport and Health (ISH). They also use UCD's pitches. It was completed in 2012 at a cost of 2.5 million euro.

Societies

UCD has currently more than sixty student societies. They cater for many interests ranging from large-scale party societies such as Ag Soc, Arts Soc, Commerce and Economics Society, ISS (and its subgroup AfricaSoc), INDSoc(Indian Society) and MSoc(Malaysian Society) who have the largest student communities of Indian and Malaysian students in Ireland. There are also religiously-interested groups such as the Christian Union, the Islamic Society, the Atheist and Secular Society, a television station Campus Television Network, academic-oriented societies like the Economic Society, UCD Philosophy Society, Mathsoc, Classical Society, and An Cumann Gaelach, an Irish-language society and such charities as St. Vincent de Paul, UCDSVP. There are two main societies for international students, ESN UCD (part of the Erasmus Student Network) and the International Student's Society.

Many UCD societies engage in voluntary work on-campus and across Dublin. For example, the UCD Student Legal Service is a student-run society that provides free legal information clinics to the students of UCD.

Irish political parties are represented on campus including Ógra Fianna Fáil, Young Fine Gael, and UCD Labour Youth. The college has two debating unions.

The oldest societies are the Literary and Historical Society, which is currently in its 160th session, An Cumann Gaelach who are entering their 110th session, the Commerce & Economics Society who are entering their 105th session and the Law Society which was founded in 1911. The L&H and Law Society are the major debating societies of the college and two of the leading ones in Ireland. Ireland's most prestigious competition, the Irish Times Debate the L&H has 11 team wins and 12 individual ones with the Law Society achieving 2 team wins and 2 individual wins respectively. The two societies have also been successful further afield at the UK and Ireland John Smith Memorial Mace (formerly The Observer Mace) with the L&H winning 5 titles and Lawsoc 2 titles. UCD has hosted the World University Debating Championships twice, most recently in 2006.  At the start of the 12/13 Academic Year, the Literary and Historical Society achieved a membership of 5143 becoming the largest student society in UCD and in Europe. The UCD Dramsoc is the university drama society, it is noted for an active membership and a number of notable alumni. The university also has a successful sinfonia called University College Dublin Symphony Orchestra.

Student publications and media

Newspapers
UCD has two student newspapers currently published on campus, the broadsheet University Observer and the tabloid College Tribune

The University Observer
The University Observer won the Newspaper of the Year award at the National Student Media Awards in April 2006, an accolade it has achieved many times, most recently in April 2014. Founded in 1994, its first editors were Pat Leahy and comedian Dara Ó Briain. Many figures in Irish journalism have held the position of editor including The Irish Times duty editor Roddy O'Sullivan and political editor Pat Leahy, AFP business reporter Enda Curran, The Irish Examiner political editor Daniel McConnell, RTÉ News reporter Samantha Libreri; Today FM political correspondent Gavan Reilly; and TV researcher Alan Torney. The efforts of its staff were noted by the prestigious Guardian Student Media Awards with a nomination for "Best Newspaper", the first Irish student publication to receive such recognition. In 2001, in addition to several Irish National Student Media Awards, the University Observer under McConnell and Curran took the runner up prize for "Best Publication" at the Guardian Student Media Awards in London. To date, The University Observer has won 29 Irish Student Media Awards.

The main sections within the paper are campus, national and international news, comment, opinion and sport. In addition, each issue is accompanied by an arts and culture supplement called O-Two, with music interviews, travel, fashion and colour pieces. The University Observer is funded by the UCD Students' Union, but its content, in theory, remains editorially independent.

College Tribune
The College Tribune was founded in 1989, with the assistance of noted political commentator Vincent Browne. Then an evening student at UCD, Browne noted the lack of an independent media outlet for students and staff and set about rectifying this with the establishment of a student newspaper. The paper was initially established with links to the Sunday Tribune, though over time these links faded and ultimately, the Tribune would long outlast its national counterpart. The paper has since its inception supported itself financially through commercial advertising in its print edition. Operating under such a model theoretically allows the paper and its staff to maintain genuine editorial independence from both university authorities and the Students' Union. The Tribune has been recognised on a number of occasions at the national student media awards, particularly in sports writing, of which the paper maintains a strong tradition. In addition to winning Student Newspaper of the Year at the 1996 USI & Irish Independent Media Awards, then editor Conor Lally was also awarded Student Journalist of the Year. 2003 saw Tribune stalwart Peter Lahiff win Diversity Writer of the Year at the Guardian Student Media Awards, to-date the only Irish based recipient of a Guardian award.

College Tribune sections include news, sport, features, arts, film and entertainment, music, fashion, business, and politics & innovation. These are contained in both the paper proper and its arts culture supplement The Trib. The paper is also noted among students for the launch of  The Evil Gerald, a satirical 'paper within a paper'.

Radio and television

UCD also has a student radio station, Belfield FM, broadcasting throughout the academic year online on the station's website. The station is independently run by the UCD Broadcasting Society and has produced well known Irish radio presenters such as Ryan Tubridy and Rick O'Shea (of RTÉ fame) and Barry Dunne of 98FM.
Belfield FM is the successor to UCD FM, which was operated within the entertainment office of the students' union as a service for students. Initially launched in 1992, the station rebranded in 2000 and has operated since then under the current name. As a result of the implementation of the students' union's new constitution at the beginning of the 2012 / 2013 academic year, the station now operates as a student society.

Historical newspapers
The Student
University Gazette
Confrontation
Campus
UCD News
Student Voice
Gobshout
Catholic University News and Times
Hibernia
Comhthrom Feinne
Comhar

UCD scarf colours

In later years students have been given a scarf of St Patrick's blue, navy and saffron at the President's Welcome Ceremony when they are officially welcomed. These colours have replaced "Faculty" colours and are now worn at graduation also.

Notable people

Presidents
 Denis Coffey, Dean of Medicine (1910–1940)
 Arthur W. Conway (1940–1947)
 Michael Tierney (1947–1964)
 Jeremiah Hogan (1964–1972)
 Thomas Murphy (1972–1985)
 Patrick Masterson (1986–1993)
 Art Cosgrove (1994–2003)
 Hugh R. Brady (2004–2013)
 Andrew J. Deeks (2014–)

Alumni

Former presidents of Ireland
 Douglas Hyde (faculty)
 Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh
 Patrick Hillery

Former Taoisigh (Prime Ministers) of Ireland
 John A. Costello
 Charles Haughey
 Garret FitzGerald
 John Bruton
 Brian Cowen

Contemporary politicians and current members of Cabinet
 Richard Bruton
 Charles Flanagan
 Eoghan Murphy
 Denis Naughten
 Cian O'Callaghan
 Katherine Zappone

International affairs
In International affairs UCD's alumni include:
 Anne Anderson, first female Ambassador of Ireland to the US, UN, EU, France and Monaco
 Catherine Day, former Secretary-General of the European Commission, the first woman to hold the position
 Dermot Gallagher, Secretary-General of the Department of Foreign Affairs, and Ambassador of Ireland to the USA
 Mahon Hayes, lawyer, diplomat and the only Irish person to serve on the International Law Commission
 Seán MacBride, one of the founders of Amnesty International and recipient of the 1974 Nobel Peace Prize.
 Peter Sutherland, one of the major negotiators in the foundation of the World Trade Organization, and its first Director-General
 V. V. Giri the fourth President of India
 Ryan Crocker, a Career Ambassador within the United States Foreign Service, recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
 James Dooge (alumnus and faculty), chairman of the "Dooge Report" which led to the Single European Act and the Treaty of Maastricht

Seven of Ireland's former European Commissioners are alumni.

Irish revolutionaries Pádraig Pearse and Thomas MacDonagh, two of the leaders of the Easter Rising and signatories of Proclamation of the Irish Republic were, respectively, a student and member of faculty at the University. As well as former President, Douglas Hyde and Pádraig Pearse, UCD Professor Eóin MacNeill had a key role in the Gaelic revival in Ireland.

Since the foundation of the Irish state in 1922, UCD has produced the most Justices of the Supreme Court of Ireland, the most Chief Justices and the most Attorneys General of Ireland. Alumni Síofra O'Leary is Judge at the European Court of Human Rights and three of the six current Justices of the Supreme Court are UCD alumni.

Healthcare
In 2008, Tony Holohan was appointed Chief Medical Officer for Ireland.

In 2010, UCD medicine graduate and cardiothoracic surgeon Eilis McGovern was elected 168th President of the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland and thereby became the first female President of any surgical Royal College in the world.

Writers and artists

Dee Forbes, Director General RTE and Miriam O'Callaghan, presenter of RTÉ's leading current affairs show, Prime Time, are alumni, as are comedians Dermot Morgan (1952–1998) and Dara Ó Briain who were major figures in the University's debating scene for many years.

Sport
UCD has produced a number of well-known athletes, mainly in the popular Irish field sports of Gaelic games and rugby union. Many played within the University's club sides such as Brian O'Driscoll who played for University College Dublin R.F.C.. The Club has produced numerous British and Irish Lions including O'Driscoll, with several others attending as students. Notable GAA athletes include Rena Buckley, one of the most decorated players in GAA history, having won a total of 17 All-Ireland senior medals; Seán Murphy, a medical school graduate and member of the Gaelic Football Team of the Millennium; and Nicky Rackard, included in the Hurling Team of the Century. Kevin Moran, formerly a Gaelic football but also a soccer player for Manchester United, graduated with a Bachelor of Commerce in 1976.

Business
Alumni involved in business include:
 David J. O'Reilly, formerly CEO and Chairman of the Chevron Corporation
 Lucy Gaffney, Chairperson of Communicorp Group Limited
 Niall FitzGerald, former CEO and Chairman of Unilever
 Pearse Lyons (1944–2018), founder and President of Alltech
 Tony O'Reilly, who previously served as the CEO of H. J. Heinz Company as well as owning Independent News & Media
 Denis O'Brien, founder of Digicel
 Andrew Mulvey-Mescall former CEO of Tesco

Amongst the number of humanitarians to attend are John O'Shea founder of GOAL and Tom Arnold the CEO of Concern Worldwide. Former religious figures include Cardinals Tomás Ó Fiaich and Desmond Connell as well as the founding rector Cardinal Newman.

Former faculty include Dennis Jennings of the School of Computing, considered to be an Internet pioneer for his leadership of NSFNET, the network that became the Internet backbone. Other notable faculty include Patrick Lynch, logician and philosopher Jan Łukasiewicz, and Professor of Science and Society James Heckman who won the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 2000.

UCD in popular culture

In literature
James Joyce’s novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is partially set in UCD (when it was sited on Earlsfort Terrace) where Stephen Dedalus (now the name of the IT building) is enrolled as a student. Joyce's posthumously-published autobiographical novel Stephen Hero contains stories of his time in UCD. Flann O'Brien's novel At Swim-Two-Birds features a UCD student who writes a meta-novel wherein the author is put on trial by the characters of his novel. Maeve Binchy's novel, Circle of Friends, deals with three female friends starting college in UCD in the 1950s. However, shots of Trinity College were used in the 1995 film. The second Ross O'Carroll-Kelly novel, The Teenage Dirtbag Years, follows Ross as he enters UCD.

In music
Christy Moore wrote a tongue in cheek song about UCD's Literary and Historical Society called "The Auditor of the L and H". Johnny Jurex & The Punk Pistols, predecessors to Rocky De Valera & The Gravediggers had a song called "Anarchy in Belfield" which they played at their only gig during Rag Week in 1976.

In film and television
Conor McPherson's third film Saltwater was filmed in Belfield, UCD. In Boston Legal, Season 2, Episode 21 "Word Salad Day", there is a reference to a study from UCD that "found that the effects of divorce on children are far more damaging than the death of a parent" although it is not clear whether this is University College Dublin or University of California, Davis.


Siniperca chuatsi

Siniperca chuatsi, the mandarin fish or Chinese perch (), is species of temperate perch native to the Amur and Yangtze basins, and other rivers and lakes in China. Its back is yellow, green, or brown, with many irregular black spots and patches. It has a big mouth and small round scales.  This species can reach up to  in total length, and the greatest recorded weight is . It is an inhabitant of rivers, some of which can become quite turbid in the rainy season.  It is a specialized feeder on other fishes, particularly those which see poorly in low light. Although it can live in near-freezing water, it only starts feeding when the temperature rises above  and breeding when it rises above . The mandarin fish is a commercially important species, as it is a popular food fish and has been widely farmed in its native range since the 20th century. First gaining major popularity during the Tang dynasty (618-907 A.D.), it appears in many Chinese books and poems. The farmed fish are typically pure, but sometimes hybrids between this species and its close relative the golden mandarin fish (S. scherzeri).


Paul Marwan Tabet

Paul Marwan Tabet  (born on 20 July 1961 in Bhamdoun, Lebanon) is the current bishop of the Maronite Catholic Eparchy of Saint Maron of Montreal.

Life
Paul Marwan Tabet joined the religious community of the Congregation of the Lebanese Maronite Missionaries on 26 September 1980 and the Maronite Patriarch of Antioch and all the East, Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir, consecrated him priest on July 20, 1986.

The Synod of the Maronite Church elected him in June 2012 to the Maronite Catholic Eparchy of Saint Maron of Montreal. His appointment was on January 10, 2013 by Pope Benedict XVI. Maronite Patriarch of Antioch, Bechara Boutros al-Rahi, OMM give him on 26 January 2013 his episcopal ordination, and his co-consecrators were Camille Zaidan, Archbishop of the Maronite Catholic Archeparchy of Antelias and Paul Nabil El-Sayah, Curial Bishop in Antioch. Tabet was installed in the office on 24 February of the same year. He replaced Bishop Joseph Khoury who served in the same position from 1996 to 2013.

External links
 http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/btabetm.html
 http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/diocese/zmar2.htm


Czarnków, Lower Silesian Voivodeship

Czarnków  () is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Legnickie Pole, within Legnica County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in southwestern Poland. Prior to 1945 it was in Germany.


Ralph Pagano

Ralph Pagano is an American chef and television personality. He appeared on the first season of Hell's Kitchen and hosted the series Pressure Cook on MOJO HD. He also challenged chef Bobby Flay on the American version of Iron Chef. Pagano lost the challenge to Flay. Pagano is the chef of Naked Taco in Miami Beach, Florida. In April 2015, he opened Naked Lunch at the University of Miami, and, in August 2015, he announced plans to open two new restaurants under his "Naked" brand. He is also the boss of Hell's Kitchen season 10 competitor Royce Wagner.


Chhotaputki

Chhotaputki is a neighbourhood in Dhanbad in Dhanbad Sadar subdivision of Dhanbad district in Jharkhand state, India.

Geography

Location
Chhotaputki is located at.

Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the area. All places marked in the map are linked in the larger full screen map.

The earlier census town was combined with other urban units to form Dhanbad Municipal Corporation in 2006.

Chhotaputki is part of Ward No. 9 of Dhanbad Municipal Corporation.

Adjacent to Chhotaputki is Badaputki. On a whole these two makes it a live suburb named Putki. Majority of the residents here are from Choudhary, Ojha and Mahto community. The zip code of Putki is 828116

Overview
The region shown in the map is a part of the undulating uplands bustling with coalmines. The Damodar River, the most important river of the Chota Nagpur Plateau, flows along the southern border. A major part of the area shown in the map is part of Dhanbad Municipal Corporation, an urban area. The places in the DMC area are marked as neighbourhoods. The western part of the region shown in the map is covered by Dhanbad (community development block). 57% of the population of Dhanbad CD block reside in rural areas and 43% reside in urban areas, The east-central part of the region shown in the map is covered by Baliapur (community development block). 86% of the population of Baliapur CD block reside in rural areas and 14% reside in urban areas. The places in the CD block areas are marked mostly as census towns. Three operational areas of BCCL operate fully within the region – Pootkee Balihari Area, Lodna Area and Eastern Jharia Area. The Moonidih sector of Western Jharia Area also operates in the region.

Demographics
 India census, Chhotaputki had a population of 6,693. Males constitute 55% of the population and females 45%. Chhotaputki has an average literacy rate of 54%, lower than the national average of 59.5%; with male literacy of 63% and female literacy of 42%. 15% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Economy
Collieries functioning in the P.B.Project Area of BCCL are: Balihari K.B., Balihari S.B., P.B.Project, Gopalichak, Pootkee, Bhagaband and Gopalichak 5/6.

Production in Putkee Colliery was stopped in 2006 and only pumping is being done to reduce the load in the neighbouring mine.

Transport
It a suburb through which NH 18 (old no NH-32) passes.

There is a station at Karkend nearby on the Gomoh-Adra line.


Halifax County High School

Halifax County High School is a public high school located in South Boston, Virginia, United States. It is located less than  from Halifax County Middle School. Having 2,319 students currently enrolled in the 2017–18 school year, there are 118 faculty members with a 15.1 student/teacher ratio. At Halifax County High, students have the opportunity to take Advanced Placement course work and testing. Halifax county high school is equipped with two football fields, one soccer field, one field for baseball, and a basketball arena. Halifax County high school currently runs on the semester system. The student body makeup is 49 percent male and 51 percent female, and the total minority enrollment is 51 percent. Halifax County High is the only high school in the Halifax County Public Schools. Halifax County High School has an 82.2 percent on-time graduation rate and a 2.1 percent drop out rate.

The school is a part of Halifax County Public Schools and, in athletics, the AAA Northwest Region of the Virginia High School League.

Academics
Halifax County High School is a comprehensive high school for grades 9–12, and the only high school in Halifax County Public Schools. Of the 1,827 students in the school, 51% are African American (937), 47% are White (861), and 1% are Hispanic (25).

Athletics
Halifax High competes in the Virginia High School League's 4a Region, and are in the Piedmont District. The school fields 16 different sports in baseball, boys' and girls' basketball, cross country, football, boys' and girls' golf, boys' and girls' soccer, softball, boys' and girls' tennis, track and field, girls' volleyball, wrestling, and swimming diving & JV/ Varsity cheerleading

Clubs and organizations
DECA, HOSA, JROTC, FFA, FBLA, FCCLA, FEA,YOVASO,Teens 4 Christ, Voices, Robotics Club, National Honor Society, Latin Club, and Comet Crazies.

YOVASO
After a car accident claimed the lives of 2 Comets, the YOVASO club was founded in memory of those that have died from car accidents in the past. The club's goal is to educate the students and the teachers about the dangers of distracted driving. The student-driven club has chapters throughout the state of Virginia. Since the club chapter was founded, the high school has not had another death by car wreck as of February 27, 2019.

DECA
The DECA club prepares emerging leaders and entrepreneurs for careers in marketing, finance, hospitality and management in high schools and colleges around the globe.

Comet Crazies
The Comet Crazies Spirit Club was added to the High School's list of clubs in 2020. The club focuses on school spirit and increasing school morale. The Comet Crazies has been the name of the school's student section for years, and most vibrant during the basketball season.

Notable alumni
 Jeremy Jeffress, Current MLB player (Milwaukee Brewers, Kansas City Royals)
 Jeb Burton, NASCAR Camping World Truck Series driver.
 Tisha Waller  is an American athlete who participated in the 1996 Summer Olympics and 2004 Summer Olympics
 Michael Raposo (also known as Repo) Community organizer, civil rights activist and homeless rights activist. Fought against illegal Boulder Colorado sugar tax. Exposed fraud with in Halifax County Virginia taxation office.
 Terry Davis, Former NBA center : most known for his stint on the Dallas Mavericks
 Andrew Abbott, Current UVA Pitcher, Former Gatorade Player of the Year winner for Virginia, lead the High School to the 5a State Championship in 2017. He was selected to the Team USA Collegiate National Team, UVA's ninth selection ever, and the ACC All-Academic Team in 2019.


Salisbury by-election

Salisbury by-election may refer to one of many parliamentary by-elections held for the British House of Commons constituency of Salisbury (UK Parliament constituency), including three in the 20th century, which are:

1869 Salisbury by-election
1931 Salisbury by-election
1942 Salisbury by-election
1965 Salisbury by-election


Rehborn

Rehborn is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Meisenheim, whose seat is in the like-named town.

Geography

Location
Rehborn lies on the Glan between Meisenheim to the south and Odernheim am Glan to the north. The municipal area measures 1 014 ha

Neighbouring municipalities
Clockwise from the north, Rehborn's neighbours are the municipalities of Odernheim am Glan, Lettweiler, Unkenbach and Callbach, the town of Meisenheim and the municipalities of Raumbach and Abtweiler, all of which likewise lie within the Bad Kreuznach district but for Unkenbach, which lies in the neighbouring Donnersbergkreis.

Constituent communities
Also belonging to Rehborn are the outlying homesteads of Bahnposten 3061, Neuhaus and Schreckhof.

Palaeontology
Unearthed at a few vineyards in Rehborn have been plant and animal fossils from Rotliegend times in the Permian, some 290,000,000 years ago. Among the animal fossils that have been found are fishes, amphibians and reptiles.

History
In the early 7th century, a new, small settlement began to grow between the Frankish centres of Odernheim and Meisenheim, Rehborn. In 1128, it had its first documentary mention as Robura. Archbishop Adalbert of Mainz (d. 1137) acknowledged to Disibodenberg Abbey those rights that it had already held in his predecessor Willigis’s time (975-1011). The village’s original name Robura comes from the Old High German ror, meaning “reed” and bur, meaning “house” (the latter word was cognate with the English word “bower”). This “house at the reeds” stood on the lands that are now Karl Neumann's, Erhard Wendel's and Karl Kerch's properties. Rural cadastral names still bear witness to it: “Brühl” (wet meadowland right near the manor house); “Hinner de Hufstatt” (or in standard German, “Hinter der Hofstätte” – gardens from the Brühl down to the Hüttenbach). Even though the village's name has nothing to do with either a spring (Brunnen in German or, less commonly, Born, but in either case cognate with the English word “bourne”) or a roe deer (Reh in German, cognate with the English word “roe”), the mutation of the latter syllable into —born in speech had become the norm by the mid 16th century. The municipality's civic coat of arms even bears a village fountain as a charge (Brunnen can also mean “fountain”). Rehborn, over the course of its 1,400-year history, found itself under all kinds of lordships: the Archbishops of Mainz, Disibodenberg Abbey, its own lower nobility (shown in records from 1179 to 1373), the Counts of Veldenz, the Dukes of Palatinate-Zweibrücken, the Revolutionary and, shortly thereafter, Napoleonic French (it lay in the Department of Mont-Tonnerre – or Donnersberg in German – from 1797 to 1814) and the Kingdom of Bavaria (later Free State of Bavaria after the Kaiser was overthrown late in the First World War, 1816 to 1945). Rehborn was assigned to Bavaria under the terms of the Congress of Vienna and belonged to the Rheinkreis, a Bavarian exclave in the Palatinate. Out of part of the French zone of occupation after the Second World War arose the new state of Rhineland-Palatinate in 1947. Today, Rehborn, with just under 800 inhabitants, is the third biggest place in the Verbandsgemeinde of Meisenheim. In the course of administrative restructuring in Rhineland-Palatinate, Rehborn was transferred out of the old Rockenhausen district, which was dissolved, to the Bad Kreuznach district. Ecclesiastically, Rehborn belongs, as it long has, to the Evangelical Church of the Palatinate and the Roman Catholic Diocese of Speyer.

Population development
Rehborn's population development since Napoleonic times is shown in the table below. The figures for the years from 1871 to 1987 are drawn from census data:

Religion
As at 2 January 2014, there are 723 full-time residents in Rehborn, and of those, 554 are Evangelical (76.625%), 90 are Catholic (12.448%), 1 is Russian Orthodox (0.138%), 3 (0.415%) belong to other religious groups and 75 (10.373%) either have no religion or will not reveal their religious affiliation.

Politics

Municipal council
The council is made up of 12 council members, who were elected by proportional representation at the municipal election held on 7 June 2009, and the honorary mayor as chairman. The municipal election held on 7 June 2009 yielded the following results:

Mayor
Rehborn's mayor is Thomas Link, and his deputy is Karl-Otto Dornbusch. Mr. Link has been mayor since 2 July 2009, having received 65.7% of the mayoral vote.

Coat of arms
The municipality's arms might be described thus: Azure issuant from base a basin argent masoned sable standing in which a village fountain Or with two streams of water, in chief two mullets of the fourth.

The main charge in the arms, a fountain, is canting for the placename ending —born, which can mean “fountain” or “spring” in German. In actual fact, the name's etymology has nothing to do with any kind of water source.

Culture and sightseeing

Buildings
The following are listed buildings or sites in Rhineland-Palatinate’s Directory of Cultural Monuments:
 Village core, Hauptstraße 16, 32, 36, 40, 45, 47, Obergasse 2, Untergasse 1, Obergasse 1 (monumental zone) – picturesquely laid-out square at intersection of most important village streets with Protestant parish church, village hall and Protestant rectory as well as houses built beginning in the latter half of the 18th century up to the mid 19th century, mostly with half-hip roofs
 Evangelical parish church, Hauptstraße 36 – Late Gothic tower, Late Baroque aisleless church, 1768; warriors’ memorial tablet 1870-1871, marked 1900, Ph. Leyendecker, Ockenheim; cornerstone marked Friedenslinde 1871 (“Peace Limetree”)
 Brühl 4 – Baroque timber-frame house, partly solid, from the earlier half of the 18th century
 Graveyard, at the modern mortuary – bell, marked 1454, Jakob Ott, Kreuznach
 Hauptstraße 26 – former school; stately two-and-a-half-floor Late Classicist plastered building, about 1870
 Hauptstraße 30 – complex with single roof ridge; building with half-hip roof, early 19th century
 Hauptstraße 32 – complex with single roof ridge; Late Baroque building with half-hip roof, partly timber-frame, 18th century
 Hauptstraße 45 – Protestant rectory, Late Baroque plastered building, marked 1751
 Hauptstraße 47 – three-sided estate, 18th or 19th century; Late Baroque house with single roof ridge, marked 1782
 At Hauptstraße 55 – Late Baroque portal, marked 1751
 At Hauptstraße 60 – Late Baroque doorway with skylight, marked 1780
 Hintergasse 3 – complex with single roof ridge, quarrystone, marked 1890
 Hintergasse 20 – Late Baroque building with half-hip roof, marked 1789
 Mühlstraße 15 – former Schmittenmühle (mill); three-winged complex, 18th century and earlier half of the 19th century; lordly Late Baroque building with hip roof, marked 1786
 Obergasse 1 – Late Baroque building with half-hip roof, marked 1780
 Obergasse 2 – village hall; building with half-hip roof, essentially believed to be from 1590, made over in Baroque in the 18th century, altered several times, gateway arch 1817; chimera
 Obergasse 6 – house, about 1600
 Obergasse 7 – timber-frame house, partly solid, essentially possibly from the 16th century, sandstone framing possibly from about 1900, marked 1920, as spolia a freestone, marked 1558
 Obergasse 11 – hook-shaped estate, 16th (?) to 19th centuries; house, essentially possibly from the 16th or 17th century, made over in the early 19th century, barn, partly timber-frame; on the gatepost a relief, 18th century
 Obergasse 32 – three-sided estate, 18th and 19th centuries; Baroque building with half-hip roof, partly timber-frame, marked 1718 and 1847, timber-frame barn; well with cast-iron handpump
 Obergasse 33 – three-sided estate, 18th and 19th centuries; Baroque timber-frame house, partly solid, from the earlier half of the 18th century
 Obergasse 36 – three-sided estate; house marked 1839, essentially possibly older
 At Obergasse 47 – craftsman's mark, sandstone, marked 1919
 Near Obergasse 51 – estate gate grille, late 19th century
 Schmidtgasse 5 – estate complex, 19th century; Classicist house with single roof ridge, half-hip roof, marked 1834, gateway arch marked 1837
 Schmidtgasse 6 – complex along the street; building with half-hip roof, partly timber-frame, possibly from the 18th century
 Untergasse 1 – estate complex, 19th century; post-Baroque house, marked 1808
 Bridge, on the Glan, west of the village – three-arch, sandstone-block, 1824, Building Inspectors Schwarze and Beer
 Kilometre stone, on Landesstraße 234, east of the village – sandstone, 19th century
 Vineyard house, on the Glan's left bank, west of the village – plastered building, mid 19th century

Memorials

Warriors’ memorial tablet 1870-1871
Executed by Odernheim sculptor Philipp Leyendecker, the memorial tablet to those villagers who fell in the Franco-Prussian War was festively unveiled on the 25th anniversary of the warriors’ association on 15 July 1900. It is 3.55 m high and 1.40 m wide and is affixed to the church's outer wall.

Memorial to the Fallen 1914-1918
According to art historian Anke Sommer, it was “a particular stroke of luck that the stained glass in Rehborn survived.” The church windows installed in 1923 form the memorial honouring the local soldiers who fell in the First World War. Three motifs symbolize the conflict between peace and violence.

Monument at the graveyard
Seventy people from Rehborn lost their lives in the Second World War. So that their sacrifices will not be forgotten, the municipality also had the names of the dead from the First World War and the Franco-Prussian War engraved on polished granite tablets. All together this amounts to 110 fellow villagers.

Clubs
Rehborn has an angling club, the Angelsportverein Rehborn, which was founded on 25 April 1969 by 36 active members. The club leased a stretch of riverbank along the Glan some 8 km long to pursue their activities.

Economy and infrastructure

Economic structure
The village's structure, which even for some time after the Second World War was strongly characterized by agriculture, adjusted quickly to the shift in circumstances after the war. For want of a local industry, many people from Rehborn commute to work, and the village transformed itself into a residential community. New building continues today.

Transport
There is currently no railway service in Rehborn itself, but the village was once on the network. This came about in 1896 with the opening of the Lautertalbahn (Lauter Valley Railway) extension from Lauterecken to Odernheim. This part of the line became part of the fully opened Glantalbahn in 1904, although this has since been disused.
There is now recreational draisine touring on the local railway. Rehborn lies on Landesstraße 234. This roughly follows the River Glan, running up to neighbouring Meisenheim, where there is a junction with Bundesstraße 420, and down to neighbouring Odernheim am Glan, where there is a junction with Landesstraße 235, and onwards to Staudernheim, where there is a railway station on the Nahe Valley Railway (Bingen–Saarbrücken).


Balneário Gaivota

Balneário Gaivota is a municipality in the state of Santa Catarina in the South region of Brazil.


Robert Pracht

Karl Robert Pracht (born April 12, 1878, Mulhouse; d. May 4, 1961, Karlsruhe) was a German composer and music educator. He is well known for his piano and string works as well as his numerous choral compositions.

Pracht was born in Mulhouse; his father was kapellmeister Robert Ottmar Pracht. After finishing basic education he studied at the Meersburg teaching school and then at the Mannheim Academy of Music from 1900 to 1904. In the meantime he finished his staatsexamen (master's degree) in 1902 in Karlsruhe.

After teaching a period in Meersburg, Pracht had been appointed music teacher at the Humboldt Gymnasium in Karlsruhe where he worked more than two decades until retiring in 1945. As a teacher he published many music education works for piano, strings and brass as well as musicological papers.

Additionally, Pracht was a renowned conductor of various men's choirs all over Baden and composed more than 200 traditional choir songs. In 1953 he was awarded the Federal Cross of Merit.

Pracht died in 1961 in Karlsruhe at the age of 83.

Selected compositions
 Choral songs
 Das Morgenrot
 Der Tag bricht an
 Deutscher Frühling
 Drei Nelken
 Drei Rosen
 Ewige Melodie
 Lenzlust
 Mein Hegau
 Moorgrab
 O deutscher Wald
 Roland
 Sonntag ist heut
 Wanderlust
 Weinland
 Wirtin, schenk ein
 Piano works
 Beceuse und Scherzo für Klavier
 Jugendalbum für Klavier
 Stimmungsbilder für Klavier
 Works for chamber music and orchestra

External links
 MIDI file of Weinland (for mixed choir)
 MIDI file of Das Morgenrot (for men's choir)


Pittsburgh Riverhounds U23

Pittsburgh Riverhounds U-23 was an American soccer team based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania which began play with the 2014 PDL season. The team was affiliated with and served as a feeder team for the Pittsburgh Riverhounds of the USL. The team played in the Premier Development League (PDL), the fourth tier of the American Soccer Pyramid, in the Great Lakes Division.  The team plays their home games at Highmark Stadium. The final manager of the team was James McCaig.

History

Founding
On November 26, 2013 it was announced that the Pittsburgh Riverhounds had secured a Premier Development League franchise that would begin play during the 2014 PDL season.  At the time, no official name was unveiled but it was indicated that team would play under the Riverhounds umbrella. Riverhounds CEO Jason Kutney stated that the purpose of the team would be to provide standout local college players a place to play in the summer, something that they had not previously had. Kutney also believed that providing the opportunity to stay fit and play soccer in the region year-round would attract more players to the area in addition to providing players with the opportunity to be observed by USL and Major League Soccer scouts. At this time, it was also announced that the team would play their home matches at Highmark Stadium, likely as double-headers with their parent-club's matches

2014
The club's first head coach was Oz Bakirdan who was also head coach of the Illinois Central College Cougars at the time. The club's first match was scheduled for May 23, 2014 on the road against Chicago Fire Premier at Toyota Park. The Riverhounds went on to lose the match 1-2. The club played its inaugural home match at Highmark Stadium on June 4, 2013. The match ended in defeat also, with the Riverhounds losing 0-4 to the Michigan Bucks. The Riverhounds U23 finished the season in last place in the Great Lakes Division with 7  points from 14 matches. For their inaugural season, Geordhy Pantophlet was the team's top scorer with 7 points (3 goals, 1 assist) in 10 matches played. During the club's first season, at least 12 players from local colleges appeared on the 26-man roster.

2015
Prior to the 2015 PDL season, Josh Rife replaced Oz Bakirdan as head coach. Riverhounds U23 finished the season slightly improved over the previous with one more win and draw. However, the team again finished 6th in the Great Lakes Division and missed the playoffs. Lucas Silva and Jason Twum led the team in scoring with two goals each.

2016
In April 2016 it was announced that Rife was replaced as head coach by Englishman and former Arsenal F.C. youth coach James McCaig. Riverhounds U23 again competed in the Great Lakes Conference of the Central Division. The club opened its season on May 25, 2016 against the Michigan Bucks.

Disbanding
The club was disbanded following the 2016 season with limited resources being cited as the cause.

Seasons

Stadium
Highmark Stadium (2013–2016)

Managerial history

Notable former U23 players
Players who have signed for the Riverhound's first team:
 Ryan Hulings
 Anthony Virgara

Players who have signed for other professional clubs:
 Daniel Lynd — Rochester Rhinos
 Tyler Rudy — New England Revolution
 Devon Williams — New York Red Bulls II


SS Daniel H. Hill

SS Daniel H. Hill (MC contract 875) was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after Daniel Harvey Hill, a Confederate general who commanded units from North Carolina in the American Civil War.

The ship was laid down by North Carolina Shipbuilding Company in their Cape Fear River yard on November 29, 1942, and launched on December 27, 1942.  Hill was chartered to American Export Lines until August 1946 by the War Shipping Administration.  From December 1946 until October 1947 she was chartered to Lykes Brothers Steamship Company, who delivered Hill to the Mobile Fleet of the National Defense Reserve Fleet at the end.  She was scrapped in 1964.


Nipponaphera paucicostata

Nipponaphera paucicostata is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cancellariidae, the nutmeg snails.

Description

Distribution


Allahabad Junction railway station

Allahabad Junction, officially known as Prayagraj Junction, is a railway station on the Howrah-Delhi main line, Allahabad-Mau- Gorakhpur main line and Howrah-Allahabad-Mumbai line. It is the headquarters of the North Central Railway Zone. It is located in Allahabad district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It serves Allahabad and the surrounding areas. Many important trains pass through this station.

History
The East Indian Railway Company initiated efforts to develop a railway line from Howrah to Delhi in the mid nineteenth century. Even when the line to Mughalsarai was being constructed and only the lines near Howrah were put in operation, the first train ran from Allahabad to Kanpur in 1859. For the first through train from Howrah to Delhi in 1864, coaches were ferried on boats across the Yamuna at Allahabad. With the completion of the Old Naini Bridge across the Yamuna  through trains started running in 1865–66.

The opening of the Curzon Bridge, across the Ganges, in 1902, linked Allahabad to regions north of or beyond the Ganges.

The Varanasi-Allahabad City (Rambagh) line was constructed as a metre gauge line by the Bengal and North Western Railway between 1899 and 1913. It was converted to broad gauge in 1993–94.

Electrification
The Cheoki-Subedarganj section was electrified in 1965–66.

Workshops
There are engineering workshops of Indian Railways at Allahabad.

Passenger movement
Allahabad is amongst the top hundred booking stations of Indian Railway. The station has two entry sides i.e.  City Side to the south and Civil Lines Side to the north.

Kumbh Mela
The railways make special arrangements for the huge influx of pilgrims for the Kumbh Mela at Allahabad.

Amenities
Allahabad Junction is an 'A' grade railway station. Allahabad railway station has 3 double-bedded AC retiring rooms, 9 double-bedded non-AC retiring rooms and a 20-bedded dormitory and is Wi-Fi enabled.


Gyömrő

Gyömrő is a town in Pest county, Budapest metropolitan area, Hungary. The City of Gyömrő is situated in the center of the hilly region of Monor, in the outskirt of the capital city, Budapest. The whole territory of Gyömrő is 26,51 km², its internal area is 6.45 km². The number of inhabitants is about 15,290 (in 2008).

Geography

Gyömrő is a garden city and is situated 30 kilometers away from the center of Budapest, and 7 kilometres away from the boundary of the Capital and from Ferihegy Airport. The center location of the Gyömrő from the aspect of traffic is outstanding, mainly because the connecting-roads and railway lines of the country, which bond North-, East- and South-Hungary, cross the city. West-Hungary can be reached through Budapest from the settlement. Gyömrő can be easily reached through the number 4 main-road, the M5 motorway, the M0 motor road and it is important that the Budapest-Ferihegy Airport is not far away, it takes only 15–20 minutes to get there.

History

The first written record of the settlement dates to 1274. In the 15th century it belonged to the estates of the Queen and later became a grace and favour land for loyal noblemen. From the end of the 18th century the Count Teleki family became the main proprietors of the village; they had a significant role in its development over an extended period. The original centre of the settlement grew up next to their estate. During the second half of the 19th century the village centre was moved to the other end of the settlement, where the construction of several buildings, including the town hall, police station and school, signify this development at the turn of the 20th century. Gyömrő was granted city status in 2001.

Local attractions

Teleki Castle

Gyömrő became part of Count Teleki's estate at the end of the 18th century. In 1774 Count József Teleki had a castle built, which burnt down in 1835. The Teleki library was saved and taken to Pest. On the base of the former castle Count Sámuel Teleki had the new neo-classicist castle constructed according to the plans of architect József Hild. The castle remained almost undamaged, however the furniture was taken away during World War II. Trees and bushes decorate the park around the castle. Since 1968 a primary school and a dormitory are operating in the castle, which are maintained by the Local Government of Pest County. Near the great castle, two other smaller castles were also built around the 1830s. It serves as a children's home. At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries the mansion was owned by count Tibor Teleki, the keeper of the crown, who placed his art collection in this residence. The most famous pieces of his collection included Transylvanian chancellor, Mihály Teleki's saddle, and a case for keeping money, which Mihály Teleki got from the French king, Louis XIV. A Rákóczi's banner and a nobleman's library of 4,000 volumes were also preserved here.

Natural Lake - Spa

In 1920 the spouting water from the earth formed this lake in the centre of the settlement. It is suitable for bathing and water-sports. The beach was renovated and cleaned at the beginning of the 1990s.

Roman Catholic Church of Saint John Nepomuk

The church was constructed in 1777, and was renovated in 2002. The designing architect and builder was Jajab Fellner. It was built in Copf style, the benches are baroque works, and the relic holders originate from 1738.

Calvinist Church

This church was rebuilt in 1819-23, as the successor of the former one standing here from the mid 16th century. The church obtained its current form in 1928. One of its attractions is the internal relief, the "Grieving Genius" made from Carrarra marble the work of Antonio Canova, Italian neo-classicist sculptor. Among the devotional objects of the church the Coconut-chalice is worth mentioning, which was a gift from the Teleki family. The Italian sculptor Antonio Canova created the Classicist-style Mournful Genius. The relief, carved out of white marble, is located in the Reformed church. At the centre of the relief a genius sits mournfully, leaning on his right arm next to the ash-urn. He is wreathed with laurels and is holding a torch. On the two sides of the relief there is a sword wreathed with laurel and a palm branch. This work of art was placed on the wall of the Reformed church in 1829.

Regional Village House

The first village museum of the county was established in 1954, under the name of II. Ferenc Rákóczi Village Museum. The building of the Country House with verenda was constructed in 1840. The room, kitchen and pantry of the former dwelling-house were furnished in a traditional way. Besides the ethnographic objects the museum collects documents of local history, as well.

Ferenc II Rákóczi Monument

On the road which is leading out to Üllő can be seen the Ferenc II Rákóczi (Francis II Rákóczi) Monument where he gave his famous Gyömrő speech. When planning a change in his military campaign in Transdanubia, prior to taking his army up into northern Hungary (now Slovakia) Ferenc Rákóczi II. gave a speech to his people outlining his plans (3 July 1705).

"I don't want an empire. I am not asking for treasures; all I ask for is the courage one expects from a true Hungarian. With this firmly in mind I will truly be able to live and die amongst you!"

Other attractions:

 the fishing-lake in the center of the town (3 ha)
 the nature reserves around the lakes
 tradition preserving local programs, for instance the annually organized Rákoczi Days
 the exhibitions of Gyömrő's artists (Gyömrő is the home of several painters, sculptors, poets and musicians with a national reputation)
 restaurants, motels
 stone-bridge from the Roman age

The educational, cultural, sport, health-care, financial, economic, administration and judiciary institutions, the workplaces of the industrial companies, the restaurants and motels, the artistic and natural values further enhance the natural values of the town. Colourful school-life is a characteristic of the town, as well as the cultural and tradition preserving activities. 12 civil organisations operate in Gyömrő, which have a significant role in determining the cultural, traditional and sport life of the city.

Controversy

In 2011 the city council of Gyömrö decided to change the name of Szabadság tér (Freedom square) to Horthy tér. The proposal for the name change originated from the representative of the Jobbik party, the Hungarian radical nationalist party. The decision of the city council to adopt the name of Horthy for the square was widely criticised in Hungary because of Horthy’s connections with Nazi Germany  and his responsibility for the discrimination and persecution of in particular Hungarian Jews and Roma On  January 6, 2012 a referendum was organised about the city council’s decision. However, the required minimum turn-out was not met and therefore the outcome was not considered valid. 1778 citizens of Gyömrö voted against the name change, while 484 citizens voted for it.


Public Against Violence

Public Against Violence (, VPN) was a political movement established in Bratislava, Slovakia in November 1989. It was the Slovak counterpart of the Czech Civic Forum.

Velvet Revolution

Public Against Violence (VPN) was founded during the Velvet Revolution, which overthrew the Communist Party rule in Czechoslovakia. After riot police cracked down on a student demonstration in Prague on the 17 November 1989 a growing series of demonstrations were held in Czechoslovakia. On the 19 November Civic Forum was founded in Prague as a coalition of opposition groups demanding the removal of the Communist leadership. The same evening a meeting was held in Bratislava, Slovakia attended by about 500 people where Public Against Violence was founded. The following day a first meeting of the coordinating committee of Public Against Violence took place.

Public Against Violence was similar to Civic Forum in being a broad movement in opposition to Communism. The founders of Public Against Violence included actor Milan Kňažko, dissident Ján Budaj and sociologist Fedor Gál, and the movement included cultural figures, religious and intellectual dissidents. Other early leaders included Catholic dissident Ján Čarnogurský whose trial was stopped during the revolution, František Mikloško and Miroslav Kusy, Vladimír Mečiar and the ex-leader of the Communist Party during the Prague Spring Alexander Dubček. Like Civic Forum, Public Against Violence called for the dominant role of the Communist Party to be ended, with a provisional government composed both of Communists and the opposition, leading to free elections. However Public Against Violence also called for relations between the Czechs and Slovaks to be altered in a new democratic federation.

Protests spread across Slovakia in November 1989 with branches of Public Against Violence being founded in many towns. Civic Forum and Public Against Violence worked together in negotiations with the Communist government, with Ján Čarnogurský representing Public Against Violence at talks together with Václav Havel for Civic Forum. After a two-hour general strike on 27 November demonstrated support for the opposition, agreement was reached on the 29 November for the leading role of the Communist Party to be ended.

Interim government
After the rejection by the opposition of an interim government which would have been largely Communist, another government of Czechoslovakia was formed on the 7 December 1989, with Slovak Communist Marián Čalfa as Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia. Čalfa went on to leave the Communist Party on the 18 January 1990 and would then join Public Against Violence. The government initially had an 11 to 10 majority of non-Communists, but this grew as people left the Communist party, while Václav Havel was elected President of Czechoslovakia and Alexander Dubček became the chair of the Federal Assembly.

In Slovakia a new government was also formed on the 12 December 1989 led by the Communist Minister of Justice Milan Čič, with equal numbers of Communists and non-Communists. Members of Public Against Violence formed part of the government, including Vladimír Mečiar as Interior Minister, and like Marián Čalfa nationally, Milan Čič would leave the Communist party in 1990 and joined Public Against Violence.

However Public Against Violence began to split even before the first democratic elections were held. At the beginning of 1990 Ján Čarnogurský and advocates of Christian democracy left Public Against Violence and founded the Christian Democratic Movement party in February 1990.

1990 elections

Going into the first free elections in June 1990 Public Against Violence wanted greater powers for Slovakia, but backed continuing the union between the Czechs and Slovaks. However they called for the emphasis to be on the economy and environment, rather than Slovak nationalism.

Candidates for Public Against Violence at the 1990 election included the Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia Marián Čalfa and Alexander Dubček, the ex-leader of the Communist Party during the Prague Spring.

In the lead up to the 1990 elections opinion polls showed Public Against Violence with between 18 and 25% support in Slovakia, behind the Christian Democratic Movement on 25 to 30%. Public Against Violence was reported to be suffering from an increase in Slovak nationalism and many rural voters saw intellectuals from Public Against Violence as alien to them. However Public Against Violence gained during the campaign on their anti-communist credentials with Václav Havel being well received when he campaigned in Slovakia. A poll on 1 June 1990 showed Public Against Violence ahead of the Christian Democratic Movement in Slovakia for the first time.

The election results saw Public Against Violence finish first in Slovakia, both in the federal and Slovak elections. In the federal election together the combination of Civic Forum and Public Against Violence won a majority, while in the Slovak election Public Against Violence came first but short of a majority. However, on election night one of the founders of Public Against Violence, deputy chairman Ján Budaj, announced his withdrawal from politics as he had been pressed to co-operate with the secret police in the 1970s.

Following the election Marián Čalfa of Public Against Violence continued to lead a coalition government nationally as Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia, while Vladimír Mečiar of Public Against Violence led a coalition government in Slovakia together with the Christian Democratic Movement.

Split

As time passed from the Velvet Revolution, the approval rating for both Civic Forum and Public Against Violence dropped from 60% in February 1990 to 38% in October 1990. In local elections held in November 1990 Public Against Violence came second to the Christian Democratic Movement in Slovakia. Public Against Violence was reported to have won 20.4% of the vote in Slovakia, compared to 27.4% for the Christian Democratic Movement. An opinion poll in November 1990 also showed support for Public Against Violence had fallen to 17%.

Public Against Violence faced tensions over the amount of power that should be held centrally in Czechoslovakia and how much should be held in Slovakia. This led to a split in March 1991 when the Prime Minister of Slovakia Vladimír Mečiar walked out of a leadership meeting of Public Against Violence and formed a rival wing of the party called PAV-Platform for Democratic Slovakia. Mečiar and his supporters had accused the leadership, including the leader Fedor Gál of being too close to Prague and Mečiar called for economic reforms to be less vigorous due to fears that Slovakia would lose the most economically. However the leadership of Public Against Violence accused Mečiar of wanting an independent Slovakia and of joining with Communists.

On the 23 April 1991 Vladimír Mečiar was replaced as Prime Minister of Slovakia by the leader of the Christian Democratic Movement Ján Čarnogurský. This came after the majority of Public Against Violence joined with the Christian Democratic Movement to replace Mečiar.

At an extraordinary party congress held on 27 April 1991, a new party called Movement for a Democratic Slovakia split off from Public Against Violence.

Decline and dissolution
Following the split the Movement for a Democratic Slovakia quickly became the most popular party in Slovakia and consistently led in the opinion polls in 1991 and 1992, while Mečiar was the most popular politician. Public Against Violence meanwhile dropped further in the polls to just 3% in July 1991, compared to 38% for the Movement for a Democratic Slovakia.

Also in July 1991 Alexander Dubček quit the Public Against Violence movement, accusing Public Against Violence of having moved too far to the right. Public Against Violence finally became a political party in October 1991 and renamed itself as Civic Democratic Union (Občianska demokratická únia, ODÚ) in March 1992.

The Civic Democratic Union contested the 1992 elections, but failed to win any seats. It won 4.0% of the Slovak vote for the House of the People, 4.0% for the House of Nations and 4.0% in the election for the Slovak National Council. The Civic Democratic Union finally dissolved in November 1992 and many former members of Civic Democratic Union would go on to join the Democratic Party in 1994.

Public Against Violence has been seen to have failed due to an inability to establish a popular constituency; instead concentrating on government and parliamentary activities. More nationalist politicians were able to exploit this and played on public distrust of a Public Against Violence, that was perceived to be composed of the elite.

Election results

Federal Assembly

House of the People

House of Nations

National Council


Cowboy Jimmy Moore

James William Moore (September 14, 1910 – November 17, 1999), known as Cowboy Jimmy Moore, was a world-class American pocket billiards (pool) player originally from Troup County, Georgia, and for most of his life a resident of Albuquerque, New Mexico, best known for his mastery in the game of straight pool (14.1 continuous).

An excellent athlete at various sports, Moore's many records in billiards include winning the Michigan State Billiard Championship four times, placing second at the World Championship five times competing against the best in the world such as Willie Mosconi, Irving Crane and Luther Lassiter, winning the United States National Pocket Billiards Championship in 1958, the National Invitation Pocket Billiards Championship in 1965 and the Legends of Pocket Billiards competition in 1984.

Moore was also known for his straight pool exhibition work, as a formidable , and for his unusual pool style, which included both his flamboyant cowboy dress, and his rare form of cueing technique known as a . Moore also worked as a technical adviser for billiard-related scenes in television and film in such productions as My Living Doll, and the Jerry Lewis movie The Family Jewels. He is an inductee of the Billiard Congress of America's Hall of Fame, the International Pocket Billiards Hall of Fame, and the Albuquerque Sports Hall of Fame.

Early years
James William Moore was born on September 14, 1910 on a farm located in Troup County, Georgia, just outside the City of Hogansville. He was the son of a Georgia blacksmith, sheriff and streetcar conductor. He began working at a young age, supplementing his family's income variously as a cotton picker earning 35 cents per 100 pounds, managing a fruit stand, and delivering newspapers. His family moved to Detroit when he was 13, where other ways of making money presented themselves. Moore ran card games and pursued other games of chance, even pitching pennies. He was very good at such gambling pursuits and was a naturally gifted athlete, attaining a Triple-A level as a baseball player in the minor leagues, once bowled a perfect game, and was a fine golfer.

In 1928 at 18 years of age, Moore took a job as a pinsetter at Car Barns, a local bowling alley, earning six cents a line. True to form, Moore was a quick study, for a time carrying a 233 bowling average. Moore first picked up a cue stick at Car Barns, playing on the single 4 x 8 foot pool table the bowling alley had available. According to Moore he immediately fell in love with the game; specifically, with the game of straight pool (14.1 continuous), at which he chiefly competed during his career, though not to the exclusion of all other billiard disciplines—Moore became national snooker champion, and placed second at the 1961 First Annual World's One-Pocket Billiards Tournament in Johnston City, Illinois.

Straight pool was the game of championship pocket billiards competition until approximately the 1980s when it was overtaken by "faster" games such as nine-ball. In the game, a shooter may attempt to  any  on the table. The object is to reach a set number of points determined by agreement before the game—typically 150 in professional competition. One point is scored for each ball pocketed in the  and where no  has transpired. According to Moore, his high run in the game was 236 ball in a row.

Six months after his first introduction to the game, Moore entered and won the 1929 Michigan State billiard championship. He successfully defended that title in the following three years. During the midst of the Great Depression, however, playing pool for trophies was not a luxury Moore could afford, so he took his game .

On the road
Moore first partnered with hustler cum exhibition player, Ray St. Laurent, a colorful character who staged exhibitions wearing a red cape and mask while billed as "The Red Devil". Although St. Laurent fostered Moore, they were not equals on the pool table. One winter evening in Canton, Ohio, St. Laurent was losing badly in a thoroughly overmatched gambling  to Ohio , Don Willis, known as the "Cincinnati Kid", who was considered by many of his colleagues of the time "the deadliest player alive". The wager was 25 cents a ball—a not inconsiderable sum at the time—and Moore was  the match. Eventually disgusted by the uneven proceedings, Moore told St. Laurent that he couldn't win and asked him to step aside and let him have a go. Willis later recalled:

Moore and Willis became traveling partners following their match, often accompanied on the road by future six-time world champion Luther "Wimpy" Lassiter. Given his skill and prominent road partners, Moore's name began to be known in the billiard world. In 1940, the World Pocket Billiards (straight pool) titleholder of that year, Andrew Ponzi, sought out Moore looking for a challenge. At the match ultimately arranged, Moore first beat Ponzi out of $80 playing nine-ball, and then beat him at his own game of choice, straight pool, with Moore scoring 125 points to Ponzi's 82.

After Moore's match with Ponzi, he was hired by Ponzi's sometime employer, Sylvester Livingston, a pool impresario who hosted exhibitions with a stable of top pool talent including Irving Crane who, like Lassiter, would become a six-time world champion. During 1941 Moore performed 250 exhibitions across the country, earning $5 for matinees, and $7 for evening performances. He lost only one match over the year, and posted straight pool runs of 100 or more in 24 out of the 250 exhibitions.

By that time Moore was recognizable by his cowboy airs. He customarily wore cowboy boots, a white Stetson hat and a string tie, kept his hair in a crew-cut, and was rarely seen without a cigar. He was also known for his unusual form of stroke. Moore employed a —a shooting technique in which a player releases his gripping hand briefly and re-grasps the cue farther back on the butt just before hitting the cue ball. Employing the slip stroke to good effect, Moore was deadly accurate, but could also shoot with great power.

In 1945, Moore's purchased a home in Albuquerque, New Mexico, where he would live for the rest of his life with his wife, Julie Chavez, whom he married in 1949. They had seven children together: sons Jamie, Raymond and Tommy, and daughters Pamela Nathan, Kolma Moore, Emily DiLorenzo and Linda Bates. Soon after moving to Albuquerque, he became co-owner and operator of  the U Cue Billiards Hall located in the City. It was said that hustlers avoided going through Albuquerque just to avoid getting into a money game with Moore.

Exhibition and competition
Though Moore continued playing on the road—as he would for over 40 years—he began competing and placing in top-tier tournaments. His tournament career was to be overshadowed by an enduring series of runner-up finishes that would earn him the nickname "pool's underpaid prince" in such publications as Esquire Magazine. The name that stuck with him for life, however, was Cowboy. According to Moore, he became 'Cowboy' Jimmy Moore when he appeared at the Commodore Hotel championships in New York City in the 1950s wearing the required tuxedo, but nevertheless sporting cowboy boots and his signature white Stetson hat.

The second-place-saga started in 1951 at the two-week-long, double-elimination, round robin format, World Championship tournament, held that year in Boston. At the competition, Moore was defeated in his last match by Willie Mosconi. His record was seven wins in nine matches, including triumphs over future Billiard Congress of America (BCA) Hall-of-Famers, Irving Crane and Arthur "Babe" Cranfield.

In 1952 he made a strong showing in the same competition, held once more in Boston, running 93 balls against Lassiter, beating him 150 to 25, but again finishing behind Willie Mosconi, this time sharing second place with Jimmy Caras and Joe Procita. Moore's match with Mosconi had an ending score of 150 to 58 in 19 innings. Moore competed in the 1953 World Championship in San Francisco, but did not place, losing in his last match to Crane, 150-56 in 7 innings.

The following year Moore took second place yet again in the World Championship, held that year in Philadelphia. The 1954 tournament was not sponsored and was unsanctioned by the BCA; in its absence being organized by Irving Crane. It was denominated by newspapers, such as The New York Times, as the "Unofficial World Pocket Billiard Championship." In a career highlight in the penultimate match there, Moore was losing 148 to 8 to Irving Crane. When Crane let him back to the table, Moore ran 142 balls . Despite this feat, Moore was dispatched to second place by Lassiter, with a final score of 150 to 95, sharing second place with Crane. The defending champion, Mosconi, did not participate.

Moore's runner-up streak continued in the 1956 World Championship held at Judice's Academy in Brooklyn, New York. He clinched second place, to Willie Mosconi's now almost ubiquitous first, with a 150 to 50 score over Al Coslosky of Philadelphia in 15 innings, a win over Richard Riggie of Baltimore, 150 to 121, with an inspired run of 107 balls, but a loss to Lassiter, 150 to 70 in 7 innings. That same year Moore played Mosconi at a challenge match in Kinston, North Carolina. It was not Moore's day as Mosconi posted a career highlight; a perfect match—150 balls in a row in one inning.

In all, Moore came in second at the World Championship five times but never took the crown. He did however win the National Pocket Billiards Championship held in Chicago at Bensinger's Billiards in 1958. The tournament was a challenge match, marathon straight pool  to 3,000 points between Moore and Luther Lassiter. It was a tight competition, with Lassiter leading at one point 1,800 to 1,512. Moore battled back and eventually won with a final score of 3,000 to 2,634.

Moore would eventually have ten second-place finishes in world-title competition. Nevertheless, he frequently competed with and beat all of the players whom he so often played second fiddle to in sanctioned tournament play. In fact, later in 1958, the same year he won the National Pocket Billiards Championship against Lassiter, he roundly defeated Mosconi in a two-day exhibition match in his home town of Albuquerque, with a final score of 500 to 397. Moore and Mosconi would battle it out many times in unsanctioned but publicized play. In addition to matches previously mentioned, they vied at Albuquerque's old Chaplin Alley in 1956; at the Highland Bowl in 1958; and later, in matches in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, Philadelphia, Chicago and Johnston City at the Jansco Brother's Stardust Open, where Moore would win the prize for "all-around honors".

It was not until 1965 at the National Invitation Pocket Billiards Championship, seven years after his last first-place finish, that he would repeat as champion in a sanctioned tournament. At that contest held at the Riviera Terrace in New York City, along the way to first place and the prize of $4,000, Moore defeated: Onofrio Lauri 150 to 117; Joe Balsis 150 to -3; Cisero Murphy 150 to 96; "Champagne" Edwin Kelly 150 to 83 in 3 innings; and the ever-present Luther Lassiter, 150 to 41 in 4 innings. The runner up in the tourney was Joe Balsis.

In addition to competition, Moore served as a technical adviser for billiard-related scenes in television and film, including My Living Doll starring Julie Newmar and Robert Cummings in 1964, and the Jerry Lewis movie The Family Jewels in 1965.

Later life
Moore was inducted into the International Pocket Billiards Hall of Fame in 1982, the Billiard Congress of America's Hall of Fame in 1994, and the Albuquerque Sports Hall of Fame in 1998. He remained competitive in tournament and match play well into his 70s. In 1984, at age 74, Moore won the Legends of Pocket Billiards competition on ESPN. Even in later years he was still deadly on a pool table, running 111 balls three days after his 80th birthday. "Until the traffic accident I had about a year ago, I was still playing my usual speed" Moore said in July 1999 at the age of 89. However, Moore's health declined rapidly that same year. He died on November 17, 1999 of natural causes.


Mountain Ranch Bike Park

Mountain Ranch Bike Park, located in Eagle Mountain, Utah, United States, is a city park designed for mountain bikers of all skill levels. The park features dirt jumps, a pump track, two slope style trails, a skills area and a single track trail with wood features.

Trails
The Juniper trail is a network of single track trails that winds through the juniper trees. The trail contains wood features for more advanced riders, and routes around the wood features for the less experienced rider.

The 110 trail is a slope style trail that features small jumps and banked turns. This is a great trail to learn on.

The 220 trail is a more advanced slope style trail which starts with a drop off of a ladder bridge. The trail has large banked turns, gap jumps, table tops, and double jumps.

External links
http://mountainranchbikepark.com/
http://www.casttv.com/video/ja6fm6/mountain-ranch-bike-park-6-27-09-video
http://www.bikerumor.com/2009/06/08/mountain-ranch-bike-park-opens-in-utah/
http://utahmtb.com/2009/06/23/mountain-ranch-bike-park-6-23-09/
http://www.ksl.com/index.php?nid=649&sid=6660837
http://www.deseretnews.com/article/1,5143,695259905,00.html


Charles Warburton

Charles Mongan Warburton (born Terrence Charles Mongan; 1754–1826) was a 19th-century Anglican bishop who served two Irish Dioceses.

Mongan was originally a Roman Catholic who recanted and joined the Anglican community. His brother was a Catholic priest. Terence Mongan was Chaplain of the 62nd Regiment of Foot, before which point he was using the name Charles Mongan.
He adopted the surname of Warburton (with the forenames Charles Mongan, or possibly Terrence Charles Mongan) by Royal Warrant in 1792 and, after serving as Dean of Ardagh (1790–1800) and then Clonmacnoise (1800–1806) was consecrated Bishop of Limerick on 13 July 1806. He translated to Cloyne in 1820 and died in post on 9 August 1826, aged 72.

Arthur O'Neill in his memoirs gives the following interesting account of Mongan and his family- "In my travels I became acquainted with a Dominic Mungan, I may say I had known him since I was twelve years old. He was born blind in the County of Tyrone, and a real good harper. He was a Roman Catholic. I presume my following reason will plead an apology for mentioning his religion. He was a great economist, but would spend money as genteelly as any man occasionally. He had three sons, Mark, John, and Terence, whom he educated in the first style. Mark was educated for a priest, and finished his studies in France, in the College of Lombard, where he obtained upwards of forty premiums for his translations of Greek into French. After he finished his studies he came home, but in consequence of his intense application he fell into a decay, and died in his father's house in Strabane. John, the second son, was bred a physician, and practised in and about Monaghan, and the adjacent country, with good reputation. About five years ago as he was returning from the races of Middleton in Monaghan in his gig he was upset and smashed to pieces. Terence, the third and youngest son, is now Bishop of Limerick, and was formerly Dean of Ardagh. He had a good delivery, sung well, and acquired great interest. He and a priest O'Beirne, who was Chaplain to Lord Fitzwilliam when Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, were promoted to their present ranks of Protestant Bishops. Now my reason for mentioning the Roman Catholic persuasion is this, that the doctor and the bishop both read their recantations; the doctor before and the bishop after their father's death. He in his lifetime used to travel the north-west circuit with his harp, and at one time, as he was playing for one of the Judges, he asked Dominic his reasons for not speaking to his son, the doctor, since he turned Protestant. 'My Lord' says Dominic, 'I spared no expense on him when he was unable to provide for himself; and assure your Lordship, I am no bigot; but I think it was his duty to consult me before he changed his religion. It was not, however, for the sake of religion he did so, but he fell in love with a young lady who was a Protestant. She informed him she could not have him as he was a Papist, on which he read his recantation, and then demanded her hand, on which, to his mortification, she scornfully informed him that she would be sorry to marry a turncoat."