410th Air Expeditionary Wing

The United States Air Force's 410th Air Expeditionary Wing (410 AEW) is a provisional United States Air Force unit assigned to Air Combat Command (ACC) It may be activated or inactivated at any time.

The unit was known to be active during the 2003 invasion of Iraq and in Afghanistan as part of Operation Enduring Freedom.

The wing began as the 410th Bombardment Group, a Douglas A-20 Havoc light bombardment group assigned to Ninth Air Force in Western Europe. The unit helped provide teeth to the IX Bomber Command bombing efforts. It earned the title of the world's best bomb unit for combat accuracy and was the first unit trained in both day and night tactics. The 410th was awarded a Distinguished Unit Citation for its actions during the Battle of the Bulge for the effectiveness of its bombing, 23–25 December 1944, when the group made numerous attacks on German lines of communications. It returned to the United States after the end of the war in Europe, inactivated on 7 November 1945.

The group's heritage was continued in 1963 when the 410th Bombardment Wing was activated as a component of Strategic Air Command's deterrent force during the Cold War, as a strategic bombardment wing. It was inactivated with the closure of K. I. Sawyer AFB, Michigan in the first round of Base Realignment and Closure reductions in September 1995.

History

World War II

The wing was activated as the 410th Bombardment Group, a Third Air Force Operational Training Unit for A-20 Havoc light bombers. It moved to England, March— April 1944, and was assigned to Ninth Air Force.

The 410th entered combat in May 1944 and helped to prepare for the invasion of Normandy by assaulting coastal defenses, airfields, and V-weapon sites in France, and marshalling yards in France and Belgium. It supported the D-Day invasion in June by bombing gun positions and railway choke points. It also assisted ground forces at Caen and St Lo in July and at Brest in August and September by attacking bridges, vehicles, fuel and ammunition dumps, and rail lines.

The group moved to France in September, and through mid-December struck defended villages, railroad bridges and overpasses, marshalling yards, military camps, and communications centers to support the Allied assault on the Siegfried Line. It participated in the Battle of the Bulge, December 1944 – January 1945, by pounding marshalling yards, railheads, bridges, and vehicles in the battle area.

The group and its squadrons received a Distinguished Unit Citation for the effectiveness of its bombing in the Ardennes, 23–25 December 1944, when the group made numerous attacks on enemy lines of communications. It flew several night missions in February 1945, using B-26s as flare planes, an A-26 for target marking, and A-20s to bomb the objectives. Continued to fly support and interdictory missions, aiding the drive across the Rhine and into Germany, February— April 1945. The group converted to Douglas A-26 Invader aircraft, but the war ended before the group was ready to fly them in combat.

The group returned to the US, June— August 1945, where it was inactivated on 7 November 1945.

Strategic Air Command

The origins of the 410th Air Expeditionary Wing as a wing begin on 1 August 1958 when Strategic Air Command established the 4042d Strategic Wing at K. I. Sawyer AFB, Michigan as part of SAC's plan to disperse its B-52 Stratofortress heavy bombers over a larger number of bases, thus making it more difficult for the Soviet Union to knock out the entire fleet with a surprise first strike. The wing remained a headquarters only until 1 May 1960 when the 923d Air Refueling Squadron, flying Boeing KC-135 Stratotankers and a squadron to provide security for special weapons were activated and assigned to the wing. The wing had been assigned to the 40th Air Division since 1 July 1959. The 69th Munitions Maintenance Squadron, responsible for overseeing the wing's special weapons, was activated in March 1961 and the 923d was discontinued in April and its personnel, equipment, and mission were transferred to the newly activated 46th Air Refueling Squadron The wing became fully operational in June, when the 526th Bombardment Squadron (BS), consisting of 15 B-52Hs, moved from Homestead AFB, Florida, where it had been one of the three squadrons of the 379th Bombardment Wing. and three maintenance squadrons were organized. Starting in 1960, one third of the wing's aircraft were maintained on fifteen-minute alert, fully fueled and ready for combat to reduce vulnerability to a Soviet missile strike. This was increased to half the wing's aircraft in 1962. The 4042d (and later the 410th) continued this alert commitment through the Cold War. In 1962, the wing's bombers began to be equipped with the GAM-77 Hound Dog and the GAM-72 Quail air-launched cruise missiles, The 4042d Airborne Missile Maintenance Squadron was activated in November to maintain these missiles.

SAC Strategic Wings could not carry a permanent history or lineage and SAC looked for a way to make its Strategic Wings permanent. In 1962, in order to perpetuate the lineage of many currently inactive bombardment units with illustrious World War II records, Headquarters SAC received authority from Headquarters USAF to discontinue its Major Command controlled (MAJCON) strategic wings that were equipped with combat aircraft and to activate Air Force controlled (AFCON) units, most of which were inactive at the time which could carry a lineage and history.

The 4042d was replaced by the newly constituted 416th Bombardment Wing (416th BW) on 1 February 1963. The 526th BS was replaced by the 644th Bombardment Squadron, one of the unit's World War II historical bombardment squadrons. The 46th Air Refueling Squadron and 69th Munitions Maintenance Squadron transferred to the 410th. Maintenance and security squadrons were replaced by ones with the designation of the newly established wing. Each of the new units assumed the personnel, equipment, and mission of its predecessor. Under the Dual Deputate organization, all were directly assigned to the wing, no operational or maintenance group was activated. The history, lineage and honors of the 410th Bombardment Group were temporarily bestowed upon the newly established wing upon activation.

The 410th BW continued to conduct strategic bombardment training and air refueling operations to meet operational commitments of Strategic Air Command. From 1964 to 1975, the wing supported combat operations over Vietnam by rotating B-52 and KC-135 flight crews to Guam and Okinawa. In 1980, two crews assigned to the 644th Bombardment Squadron of the 410th BW (S-21 and S-31) were awarded the Mackay Trophy for "executing a nonstop, around-the-world mission with the immediate objective of locating and photographing elements of the Soviet Navy operating in the Persian Gulf.

The 410th was reassigned directly to Eighth Air Force on 8 June 1988 and redesignated the 410th Wing on 1 September 1991 when SAC implemented the Objective Wing concept. On 1 June 1992, the redesignated 410th Bomb Wing was assigned to the new Air Combat Command. The wing adapted the tail code "KI" for its aircraft. The KC-135A equipped 46th Air Refueling Squadron was reassigned to the Air Mobility Command 305th Operations Group at McGuire Air Force Base, New Jersey on 1 June 1992, leaving the wing with only the 644th Bomb Squadron with B-52Hs.

The B-52s were transferred to both the 5th Bomb Wing at Minot Air Force Base, North Dakota and the 2nd Bomb Wing at Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana on 21 November 1994, in preparation for the wing being inactivated on 30 September 1995 when K. I. Sawyer was closed by BRAC.

2003 invasion of Iraq

The 410th Air Expeditionary Wing was activated as part of the 2003 invasion of Iraq. It was based at Azraq, Jordan and Prince Hassan Air Base (H-5), Jordan. Flying in support of U.S. Special Operations Command Central task forces, the 410 AEW's pilots, flying General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon and Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II aircraft, pursued enemy equipment, personnel, and high-value targets, including regime leadership. Other aircraft assigned to H-5 included HC-130 Hercules and HH-60 Pave Hawk helicopters in support of USAF Pararescue personnel. H-5 also was the location of one of a few U.S. Army MIM-104 Patriot batteries emplaced to protect Israel from Scud surface-to-surface missile attack. Additional corroboration for Azraq being one of the wing's bases includes that the 410th AEW was supporting special forces, and that RAF Canberras referred to below were based at Azraq, Jordan.

Upon arrival of the A-10 Thunderbolt IIs to H-5, the Jordanian government requested the aircraft be relocated to another bare base further north on the Iraqi border citing health concerns due to the uranium-tipped 30mm munitions used by its G8/A Avenger Gatling gun. Personnel had to convoy tons of ammunition from K-5 to the northern base to support the A-10 relocation.

During the operation, the Jordanian government denied U.S. troops were stationed at H-5 and Shahid Muafaq Al-Salti Air Base. This created a lot of concern with Jordanian military personnel stationed at Shahid Muafaq Al-Salti Air Base during the initial stages. As they were being told on television and radio that there were no U.S. troops on Jordanian soil, USAF C-17 aircraft were arriving on a daily bases with personnel and supplies. Out of confusion, Jordanian Security Forces documented everything leaving the aircraft. U.S. personnel removed labels and explosive decals from the containers, as not to aggravate the situation. American troops initially were not allowed to carry weapons in plain sight. So they carried their Beretta 9mm handguns hidden in their waistbands for protection and hid their M-4 carbines from view in their vehicles.

U.S military personnel were housed at two tent cities, one on Shahid Muafaq Al-Salti Air Base proper, and another large tent city located about one mile away near the base, which contained the majority of personnel. In the first month of their deployment, U.S personnel faced occasional hostile action at Shahid Muafaq Al-Salti Air Base. During one early morning incident, an explosion occurred adjacent to the tent city perimeter rocking the base. A-10 aircraft initially assigned to H-5, were dispatched from their northern base to confront the threat. Upon arrival, the aircraft spotted a vehicle in the open desert near the tent city. Pilots observed a man holding a cylindrical shaped object, throw it into his truck, and flee. Pilots requested permission to open fire on the vehicle, but the request was denied. After this incident, Jordanian Special Forces personnel were positioned around the tent city in HMMWV's with 50 cal. machine guns to protect personnel. On a nightly basis, personnel reported seeing flares, aka "slap flares", being fired near the base in the distance. After the first incident, Jordanian Intelligence response was U.S. personnel merely saw lights falling off a construction crane. During another incident, U.S. security personnel reported hearing and seeing protesters at the Shahid Muafaq Al-Salti Air Base perimeter. Jordanian Intelligence explained that personnel heard fans at a nearby soccer field cheering and it was not protesters at all. One evening a security tower reported machine gun fire coming from a road nearby toward their position. Jordanian Special Forces returned fire with their 50 cal. machine guns and quelled the threat. Jordanian Intelligence the next day explained that personnel merely saw someone firing into the air at a nearby restaurant where a wedding party was being held. Throughout the deployment numerous security posts reported persons approaching their posts in the night and fleeing once challenged. Jordanian Intelligence could not explain these incidents.

In total, during 2003, the wing flew 9,651 fighter and attack hours in twenty-six days flying counter-tactical ballistic-missile missions and never left the special operations forces in western Iraq without air cover. Often flying in extremely hazardous conditions in and around Iraq, the wing's crews generated 2,547 sorties, providing around-the-clock, time-sensitive targeting, interdiction, OCA, CAS, ISR, and CSAR missions deep within enemy territory. These missions were flown from bare bases with little supporting infrastructure and logistics. The wing accurately fired more than 600 precision-guided munitions and expended a total of 800,000 pounds of weapons. In addition to eliminating TBM support equipment, the wing is credited with destroying aircraft, armored vehicles, artillery pieces, surface-to-air missile systems, ammunition supply dumps, radars, and enemy troops.

The wing is also credited with the destruction of two Ba'ath Party headquarters buildings in western and central Iraq. Although the wing was engaged in more than 200 troops in contact scenarios, there were no fratricide events. During the 2003 invasion of Iraq, wing personnel supplied thirty F-16s, four HH-60s, four HC-130s, eight RAF GR.7 Harriers, and two PR.9 Canberras with 130,000 gallons of fuel per day for twenty-three days.

Lineage
410th Bombardment Group
Constituted as 410th Bombardment Group (Light) on 16 June 1943
Activated on 1 July 1943
Redesignated as 410th Bombardment Group, Light on 17 April 1944
Inactivated on 7 November 1945
Consolidated on 1 January 1984 with the 410th Bombardment Wing as the 410th Bombardment Wing

410th Wing
Constituted as 410th Bombardment Wing, Heavy on 15 November 1962
Activated on 15 November 1962.
Organized on 1 February 1963
Consolidated on 1 January 1984 with 410th Bombardment Group, Light
Redesignated as 410th Wing on 1 September 1991
Redesignated as 410th Bomb Wing on 1 June 1992
Inactivated on 30 September 1995
Redesignated as 410th Air Expeditionary Wing and converted to provisional status, September 2002.

Assignments
III Air Support Command, 1 July 1943
Army Air Forces School of Applied Tactics, 8 February 1944
97th Bombardment Wing, 4 April 1944
Continental Air Forces, August 1945-7 November 1945
Strategic Air Command, 15 November 1962
40th Air Division, 1 February 1963
4th Strategic Aerospace Division, 1 September 1964
40th Air Division, 31 March 1970
Eighth Air Force, 8 January 1988 – 30 September 1995
Air Combat Command to activate or inactivate any time after September 2002
Attached to United States Central Command Air Forces, 2003–unknown

Stations
Will Rogers Field, Oklahoma, 1 July 1943
Muskogee Army Air Field, Oklahoma, October 1943
Laurel Army Air Field, Mississippi, January 1944
Lakeland Army Air Field, Florida, c. 8 February-c. 13 March 1944
RAF Birch (AAF-149), England, c. 4 April 1944
RAF Gosfield (AAF-154), England, c. 16 April 1944
Coulommiers Airfield (A-58), France, September 1944
Juvincourt Airfield (A-68), France, February 1945
Beaumont sur Oise Airfield (A-60), France, May–June 1945
Seymour Johnson Field, North Carolina, August 1945
Myrtle Beach Army Air Field, South Carolina, c. 5 October-7 November 1945
K. I. Sawyer AFB, Michigan, November 1962 – December 1994
Prince Hassan Air Base (H-5), 2003
Shahid Muafaq Al-Salti Air Base, 2003

Components
410th Operations Group (later 410th Expeditionary Operations Group), 1 September 1991 – 30 September 1995; 2003 – unknown
46th Air Refueling Squadron: 1 February 1963 – 1 September 1991
307th Air Refueling Squadron: 30 September 1985 – 1 August 1990
644th Bombardment Squadron: 1 July 1943 – 7 November 1945; 1 February 1963 – 1 September 1991
645th Bombardment Squadron: 1 July 1943 – 7 November 1945
646th Bombardment Squadron: 1 July 1943 – 7 November 1945
647th Bombardment Squadron: 1 July 1943 – 7 November 1945

Aircraft assigned
A-20 Havoc, 1943–1945
A-26 Invader, 1945
KC-135A (1961–1993)
B-52H (1963–1994)
F-16 Fighting Falcon (since 2001)
A-10 Thunderbolt II (since 2001)
HH-60 (since 2001)
AV-8B (since 2001)
English Electric Canberra (Attached from Royal Air Force) (2001–2006)


I Am Chemistry

"I Am Chemistry" is a song by American experimental rock band Yeasayer. It was released as the leading single from the band's fourth studio album Amen & Goodbye under Mute Records on January 7, 2016.

The lyrics of the song reference a number of poisons, including digoxin, VX, NaCN, DDT, sarin, mustard gas, rue, oleander and Quaker buttons (strychnine).

Background
The song was recorded during Yeasayer's four-year break from 2012 to 2016. The song is a neo-psychedelic song that has numerous changes throughout. The song is 5 minutes in length, and was written by Chris Keating, Anand Wilder, and Ira Wolf Tuton. It was released on January 7, 2016 as the leading single for the album, and it was released to YouTube and streaming platforms, like Spotify.

The cover art was created by sculptor David Altmejd, who also created the artwork for the album.


Jawaharlal Nehru University (disambiguation)

Jawaharlal Nehru University may refer to:

 Jawaharlal Nehru University, a central university in New Delhi, India
 Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Anantapur, a technical university in Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh, India
 Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, a technical university in Hyderabad, Telangana, India
 Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada, a technical university in Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India
 Jawaharlal Nehru Agricultural University, an agriculture university in Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
 Jawaharlal Nehru Architecture and Fine Arts University, an arts university in Hyderabad, Telangana, India


Woomargama National Park

Woomargama National Park is a national park situated  south east of Holbrook and  north east of Albury, in the South West Slopes region of southern New South Wales. Southern extremities of the park are within one kilometre of Lake Hume which is formed on the Murray River. The park extends over approximately 30 km from eastern to western boundaries and 15 km in a north to south direction. In 2006, the park covered an area of 23,577 hectares and at the same time an area of associated reserve covered 7,120 hectares. In 2010 the park alone covered 24,185 ha.

Woomargama was gazetted, from the formation of Woomargama, Dora Dora and Tipperary State Forests along with other Crown Land portions, in January 2001 as part of the Southern Regional Forest Agreement in 2000.


Rhodocollybia fodiens

Rhodocollybia fodiens is a species of fungus in the Marasmiaceae family of mushrooms.


Wincobank (hill fort)

Wincobank  () is an Iron Age hill fort in the district of Sheffield, England of the same name. The fort stands on the summit of a steep hill above the River Don, it is oval in shape and covers about 10,000 square metres (108,000 ft²), surrounded by a ditch that was originally 1.5–2 m deep and a bank consisting of a rubble core with stone facings held together with timbers. The bank is vitrified, indicating that it was subjected to intense heat at some time in the past—whether this was done purposely by the builders or through accident or attack is unknown. Material taken from a drainage ditch dug through the north east rampart of the fort in 1979 was radiocarbon dated to .

Early historians thought the fort to be Roman in origin. It is now thought to have been constructed by the Celtic Brigantes tribe, however. Some historians suggest that this fort was part of a 1st-century defensive line built by the Brigantes attempting to halt the northward advance of the Roman legions. This defensive line is suggested to have included hill forts at Carl Wark and Scholes Coppice, and an ancient dyke called Roman Rig that runs from the fort northeast to Mexborough.

The hill was first recorded in 1442 as Wincowe and appears to be derived from Wineca, an Anglo-Saxon personal name and the Old Norse word haugr meaning a mound or hill and so meaning Wineca’s hill.


Jacob Le Maire

Jacob Le Maire (c. 1585, Antwerp or Amsterdam - 22 December 1616, at sea) was a Dutch mariner who circumnavigated the earth in 1615 and 1616. The strait between Tierra del Fuego and Isla de los Estados was named the Le Maire Strait in his honor, though not without controversy. It was Le Maire himself who proposed to the council aboard Eendracht that the new passage should be called by his name and the council unanimously agreed with Le Maire. The author or authors of The Relation took Eendracht captain Schouten’s side by proclaiming:
“ ... our men had each of them three cups of wine in signe of ioy for our good hap ... [and the naming of] the Straights of Le Maire, although by good right it should rather have been called Willem Schouten Straight, after our Masters Name, by whose wise conduction and skill in sayling, the same was found.”.

Eendracht then rounded Cape Horn, proving that Tierra del Fuego was not a continent.

Biography
Jacob Le Maire was one of 22 children of Maria Walraven of  Antwerp and Isaac Le Maire (1558–1624) of Tournai, who was then already a prosperous merchant in Antwerp. Isaac and Maria married shortly before the Spanish siege of Antwerp in 1585 after which they fled to settle in Amsterdam. Jacob is thought to have been the oldest son, born perhaps the same year. Isaac was very successful in Amsterdam, and became one of the founders of the Dutch East Indies Company (VOC). However, in 1605 Isaac Le Maire was forced to leave the company after a dispute and for the next decade tried to break the company's monopoly on the trade to the East Indies.

By 1615 Isaac had established a new company (the Australian Company) with the goal to find a new route to the Pacific and the Spice Islands, thereby evading the restrictions of the VOC. He contributed to the outfitting of two ships, the Eendracht and Hoorn, and put his son Jacob in charge of trading during the expedition. The experienced ship master Willem Schouten was captain of the Eendracht and a participant of the enterprise in equal shares with Isaac Le Maire.

On 14 June 1615 Jacob le Maire and Willem Schouten sailed from Texel in the United Provinces. On 29 January 1616 they rounded Cape Horn, which they named for the Hoorn, which was lost in a fire.  The Dutch city of Hoorn was also the birthplace of Schouten. After failing to moor at the Juan Fernández Islands in early March, the ships crossed the Pacific in a fairly straight line, visiting several of the Tuamotus. Between 21 and 24 April 1616 they were the first Westerners to visit the (Northern) Tonga islands: "Cocos Island" (Tafahi), "Traitors Island" (Niuatoputapu), and "Island of Good Hope" (Niuafo'ou). On 28 April they discovered the Hoorn Islands (Futuna and Alofi), where they were very well received and stayed until 12 May. They then followed the north coasts of New Ireland and New Guinea and visited adjacent islands, including, on 24 July, what became known as the Schouten Islands.

They reached the Northern Moluccas in August and finally Ternate, the headquarters of the VOC, on 12 September 1616. Here they were enthusiastically welcomed by Governor-General Laurens Reael, admiral Steven Verhagen, and the governor of Ambon, Jasper Jansz.

The Eendracht sailed on to Java and reached  Batavia on 28 October with a remarkable 84 of the original 87 crew members of both ships on board. Although they had opened an unknown route, Jan Pietersz Coen of the VOC claimed infringement of its monopoly of trade to the Spice Islands. Le Maire and Schouten were arrested and the Eendracht was confiscated. After being released, they returned from Batavia to Amsterdam in the company of Joris van Spilbergen, who was on a circumnavigation of the earth himself, be it via the traditional Strait of Magellan.

Le Maire was aboard the ship Amsterdam on this journey home, but died en route. Van Spilbergen was at his deathbed and took Le Maire's report of his trip, which he included in his book Mirror of the East and West Indies. The rest of the crew arrived in the Netherlands on 1 July 1617, two years and 17 days after they departed. Jacob's father Isaac challenged the confiscation and the conclusion of the VOC, but it took him until 1622 until a court ruled in his favor. He was awarded 64,000 pounds and retrieved his son's diaries (which he then published as well), and his company was allowed trade via the newly discovered route. Unfortunately, by then, the Dutch West Indies Company had claimed the same waters.

Footnotes


Mark Iosifovich Graev

Mark Iosifovich Graev (Марк Иосифович Граев, 21 November 1922, Moscow – 22 April 2017) was a Russian mathematician. He is known as one of the namesakes in the Gelfand–Graev representation.

Education and career
Graev received his doctorate in 1947 from Lomonosov Moscow State University with thesis Free topological groups under the supervision of Alexander Kurosh. Graev was a professor at the Scientific Research Institute of System Development of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

He was a member of the Moscow circle of Israel Gelfand, with whom he wrote several books. Graev was the co-author with Gelfand and Ilya Piatetski-Shapiro of volume 5 (Integral Geometry and Representation Theory) and the co-author with Gelfand and Naum Ya. Vilenkin of volume 6 (Representation Theory and Automorphic Functions) in the 6-volume monograph series Generalized Functions. In 1966 Graev was an Invited Speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM) in Moscow. His ICM presentation Theory of Representation of Groups was joint work with Alexander Kirillov.


2012–13 National League 2 South

The 2012–13 National League 2 South was the fourth season (26th overall) of the fourth tier (south) of the English domestic rugby union competitions since the professionalised format of the second division was introduced.  The league system was 4 points for a win, 2 points for a draw and additional bonus points being awarded for scoring 4 or more tries and/or losing within 7 points of the victorious team.  In terms of promotion the league champions would go straight up into National League 1 while the runners up would have a one-game playoff against the runners up from National League 2 North (at the home ground of the club with the superior league record) for the final promotion place.

Henley Hawks, as champions, were promoted to the third tier (2013–14 National League 1) for next season, along with Worthing Raiders who finished second. Worthing beat the 2012–13 National League 2 North runners up Stourbridge 28–26 to win the annual promotion playoff.  Barking and Lydney were both relegated to National League 3 South West and National League 3 London & SE respectively with Barking winning just one game in what was a very poor season.  As well as winning the league Henley Hawks also saw a divisional record attendance at Dry Leas with 3,270 fans turning up to the last game of the season - the championship decider against Worthing Raiders which Henley won 55 - 27 to seal the title for the Oxfordshire club.

Participating teams
Twelve of the teams listed below participated in the 2011–12 National League 2 South season. Barking were relegated from National League 1 after just one season and both Bournemouth and Chinnor were promoted from National League 3 South West. Rugby Lions were on the original fixture list after winning promotion from National League 3 Midlands but during July 2012 they went into liquidation and were unable to participate in the division, leaving fifteen teams instead of the usual sixteen.

League table

Results

Round 1

Bye: Worthing Raiders

Round 2

Bye: Chinnor

Round 3

Bye: Redruth

Round 4

Bye: Hartpury College

Round 5

Bye: Dings Crusaders

Round 6

Bye: Shelford

Round 7

Bye: Henley Hawks

Round 8

Bye: Southend Saxons

Round 9

Bye: Clifton

Round 10

Bye: Taunton Titans

Round 11

Bye: Launceston

Round 12

Bye: Lydney

Round 13

Postponed.  Game to be rescheduled to 1 December 2012.
Bye: Bournemouth

Round 13 (Rescheduled Game)

Game rescheduled from 24 November 2012.

Round 14

Bye: Barking

Round 15

Bye: Canterbury

Round 16

Postponed.  Game rescheduled to 9 February 2013.

Postponed.  Game rescheduled to 9 February 2013.

Postponed.  Game rescheduled to 9 February 2013.

Postponed.  Game rescheduled to 9 February 2013.

Postponed.  Game rescheduled to 9 February 2013.
Bye: Chinnor

Round 17

Bye: Redruth

Round 18

Postponed. Game rescheduled to 23 February 2013.
Bye: Hartpury College

Round 19

Postponed.  Game rescheduled to 9 February 2013.

Postponed.  Game rescheduled to 23 February 2013.

Postponed.  Game rescheduled to 16 March 2013.

Postponed.  Game rescheduled to 23 February 2013.

Postponed.  Game rescheduled to 16 March 2013.

Postponed.  Game rescheduled to 23 February 2013.

Postponed.  Game rescheduled to 23 February 2013.
Bye: Dings Crusaders

Round 20

Postponed.  Game rescheduled to 4 May 2013.

Postponed.  Game rescheduled to 16 March 2013.

Postponed.  Game rescheduled to 4 May 2013.
Bye: Shelford

Round 21

Postponed.  Game rescheduled to 9 February 2013.
Bye: Henley Hawks

Rounds 16, 19 & 21 (Rescheduled Games)

Rescheduled from 22 December 2012.

Rescheduled from 22 December 2012.

Rescheduled from 19 January 2013.

Rescheduled from 2 February 2013.

Rescheduled from 22 December 2012.

Rescheduled from 22 December 2012.

Rescheduled from 22 December 2012.

Round 22

Bye: Southend Saxons

Rounds 18 & 19 (Rescheduled Games)

Rescheduled from 19 January 2013.

Rescheduled from 19 January 2013.

Rescheduled from 19 January 2013.

Rescheduled from 19 January 2013.

Rescheduled from 12 January 2013.

Round 23

Bye: Clifton

Round 24

Bye: Taunton Titans

Rounds 19 & 20 (Rescheduled Games)

Rescheduled from 19 January 2013.

Rescheduled from 26 February 2013.

Rescheduled from 19 January 2013.

Round 25

Postponed.  Game rescheduled to 4 May 2013.

Postponed.  Game rescheduled to 4 May 2013.

Postponed.  Game rescheduled to 4 May 2013.

Postponed.  Game rescheduled to 4 May 2013.

Postponed.  Game rescheduled to 11 May 2013.
Bye: Launceston

Round 26

Bye: Lydney

Round 27

Bye: Bournemouth

Round 28

Bye: Barking

Round 29

Bye: Canterbury

Round 30

Bye: Worthing Raiders

Rounds 20 & 25 (Rescheduled Games)

Rescheduled from 26 January 2013.

Rescheduled from 23 March 2013.

Rescheduled from 23 March 2013.

Rescheduled from 23 March 2013.

Rescheduled from 23 March 2013.

Rescheduled from 26 January 2013.

Round 25 (Rescheduled Game)

Rescheduled from 23 March 2013.

Promotion play–off
Each season, the runners–up in the National League 2 South and National League 2 North participate in a play–off for promotion into National League 1. The team with the best playing record, in this case northern runners up Stourbridge, would gain the home advantage with southern runners up Worthing Raiders having to travel up to the Midlands for the game.

Total Season Attendances

Individual Statistics

 Note that points scorers includes tries as well as conversions, penalties and drop goals.  Does not include North - South playoff game.

Top Points Scorers

Top Try Scorers

Season records

Team
Largest home win — 78 pts
74 - 0 Taunton Titans at home to Barking on 17 November 2012
Largest away win — 83 pts
85 - 3 Henley Hawks away to Barking on 27 October 2012
Most points scored — 85 pts
85 - 3 Henley Hawks away to Barking on 27 October 2012
Most tries in a match — 13
Henley Hawks away to Barking on 27 October 2012
Most conversions in a match — 10
Henley Hawks away to Barking on 27 October 2012
Most penalties in a match — 7 (x2)
Hartpury College away to Dings Crusaders on 17 November 2012
Dings Crusaders away to Lydney on 1 December 2012
Most drop goals in a match — 2 (x2)
Launceston away to Hartpury College on 5 January 2013
Southend Saxons away to Worthing Raiders on 30 March 2013

Player
Most points in a match — 29
 Kieron Lewitt for Launceston at home to Barking on 6 April 2013
Most tries in a match — 5
 Gareth Evans for Hartpury College at home to Clifton on 27 April 2013
Most conversions in a match — 10
 James Combden for Henley Hawks away to Barking on 27 October 2012
Most penalties in a match — 7 (x2)
 Luke Cozens for Hartpury College away to Dings Crusaders on 17 November 2012
 Danial Trigg for Dings Crusaders away to Lydney on 1 December 2012
Most drop goals in a match — 2 (x2)
 Jake Murphy for Launceston away to Hartpury College on 5 January 2013
 Robert Kirby for Southend Saxons away to Worthing Raiders on 30 March 2013

Attendances
Highest — 3,270
Henley Hawks at home against Worthing Raiders on 4 May 2013
Lowest — 67
Barking at home against Taunton Titans on 30 March 20131
Highest Average Attendance — 724
Redruth
Lowest Average Attendance — 102
Barking


Preston Callison

Preston Harvey Callison, Sr., sometimes known as Pres Callison (born January 22, 1923), is a retired attorney who represented his native Lexington County, South Carolina, as a Democrat in the South Carolina House of Representatives. His tenure extended for two nonconsecutive terms from 1965 to 1966 and 1969 to 1970.

Background

Callison graduated from the University of South Carolina (1942) and the University of South Carolina School of Law (1947). His education was interrupted for 40 months of service in the US Army Air Corps during World War II.

Legal and political career

Callison was the long-term legal advisor to the South Carolina Baptist Convention, the South Carolina Baptist Hospital, and the South Carolina Hospital Association, which he continued to represent long after retirement in 1988 from his law firm. He was the first "hospital attorney" in South Carolina, a role that he filled for four decades.

In the state House, Callison served at times on the Education, Public Works, and Ways and Means committees. In 1965, in his first year in the state legislature, Callison ran in a special election to fill South Carolina's 2nd congressional district seat, which was based in the state capital, Columbia and included Callison's home in Lexington. The position opened when second-term Democrat Albert Watson switched his registration to Republican, resigned his seat, and ran for the remainder of his term as a member of the GOP. Watson changed parties because the House Democratic Caucus stripped him of his seniority for having supported the 1964 Republican presidential nominee, Barry Goldwater of Arizona, rather than U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson. Watson said that he would not "sit back and be bullied and browbeaten by the northern liberals."

Callison described himself as "a Mendel Rivers Democrat," referring to L. Mendel Rivers, the U.S. representative from South Carolina's 1st congressional district known for his support of national defense measures through the chairmanship of the House Armed Services Committee. Callison was considered a "moderate" by South Carolina standards because he urged compliance with the Civil Rights Act of 1964, whereas Watson favored resistance to the new law. Watson gained the backing of elder Democratic figure James F. Byrnes, who called the congressional move against Watson "punishment and humiliation". In the special election, Watson secured $20,000 and the services of a national Republican field representative in what he termed "quite a contrast" to his treatment by his Democrat colleagues. Watson defeated Callison with 59.1 percent of the vote.

Since Watson's defection and subsequent special election victory, the 2nd has been in Republican hands.  Numerous business executives relocated to the Columbia area from the North; other area growth came from upwardly mobile South Carolinians who took positions in insurance, banking, state government, and other enterprises and supported the GOP as they advanced financially. Combined with the growing tide of conservative Democrats switching parties, this has made the 2nd a Republican bastion. The district also then contained several African-American majority counties, including Orangeburg County.

Callison is a recipient of the Order of the Palmetto in recognition of his longstanding work for the South Carolina Hospital Association.


History of South Africa (1994–present)

South Africa since 1994 transitioned from the system of apartheid to one of majority rule. The election of 1994 resulted in a change in government with the African National Congress (ANC) coming to power. The ANC retained power after subsequent elections in 1999, 2004, 2009 and  2014. Children born during this period are known as the born-free generation, and those aged eighteen or older, were able to vote for the first time in 2014.

Mandela presidency (1994–1999)

Following the election of 27 April 1994, Nelson Mandela was sworn in as President of South Africa. The Government of National Unity was established; its cabinet made up of twelve African National Congress representatives, six from the National Party, and three from the Inkatha Freedom Party. Thabo Mbeki and F.W. de Klerk were made deputy presidents. Economically, the government embarked on the Reconstruction and Development Programme (RDP) to address the socio-economic consequences of apartheid, including alleviating poverty and addressing the massive shortfalls in social services across the country - something that the government acknowledged would rely upon a stronger macroeconomic environment.

In 1995, the interim constitution agreed to during the negotiations to end apartheid was replaced by a new constitution. The government also established the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) to expose the crimes of the apartheid era. The commission heard many stories of horrific brutality and injustice from all sides of the struggle, and offered some catharsis to people and communities shattered by their past experiences.

The TRC operated by allowing victims to tell their stories and by allowing perpetrators to confess their guilt, with amnesty on offer to those who made a full confession. Those who chose not to appear before the commission would face criminal prosecution if the authorities could prove their guilt. But while some soldiers, police, and ordinary citizens confessed their crimes, few of those who had given the orders presented themselves. For example, former State President P. W. Botha and then-Deputy President Thabo Mbeki refused to appear before the Commission.

A Growth, Employment and Redistribution (GEAR) strategy was adopted in June 1996. The GEAR strategy was influenced by the economic ideas that became known as the Washington Consensus; it aimed to cut state expenditure, rationalise the public sector and reduce the budget deficit to 3% by 1999. Trevor Manuel had just been appointed Minister of Finance. The GEAR strategy was probably adopted under some pressure from international investors.

In 1995, South Africa hosted and won the 1995 Rugby World Cup. Nelson Mandela wore a Springbok rugby jersey to present the William Webb Ellis Cup to South African captain Francois Pienaar, a symbolic image of reconciliation between the races.

Mbeki presidency (1999–2008)

In 1999, South Africa held its second non-racial elections. The governing ANC increased their majority, putting the party within one seat of the two-thirds majority that would allow it to alter the constitution. Thabo Mbeki was elected as the nation's second ethnically Black President.

The National Party (NP), restyled as the New National Party (NNP), lost two-thirds of its seats, as well as official opposition status to the Democratic Party (DP). The DP had traditionally functioned as a stronghold of liberal whites, and now gained new support from conservatives disenchanted with the NP, and from some middle-class blacks. Just behind the DP came the KwaZulu-Natal Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP), historically the voice of Zulu nationalism. While the IFP lost some support, its leader, Mangosuthu Buthelezi, continued to exercise power as the national Home Affairs minister.

While the ANC grassroots held Mbeki in far less affection than the beloved "Madiba" (Nelson Mandela), Mbeki proved himself to be a shrewd politician, maintaining his political pre-eminence by isolating or co-opting opposition parties. However, Mbeki's effective denial of the HIV crisis invited global criticism, and his conspicuous failure to condemn the deteriorating situation in neighbouring Zimbabwe unnerved South African landowners.

In June 2005, corruption allegations related to a national arms deal surfaced against the country's deputy president, Jacob Zuma, after his financial advisor, Schabir Shaik, was convicted of corruption and fraud.  In the aftermath of the conviction, Mbeki dismissed Zuma as deputy president. Zuma was subsequently charged with corruption in a case which is still unresolved as of 2009; in the meantime, Zuma's power base within the ANC has grown significantly. Popular support for Mbeki also suffered from the feeling that his government's economic policies had failed to generate inclusive development.

The Black Economic Empowerment programme was implemented from 2003 to redress the inequalities of the apartheid era. It was criticised as benefiting mostly a narrow stratum of previously disadvantaged groups, and the programme was re-launched in 2007 as Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment.

Crime in South Africa remained a massive problem. The Economist reports the killing of approximately 1,500 white farmers in attacks since 1991, and in both 1995 and 1998, the country led the world in reported murders. In an effort to combat the alarming murder rates, the government has published statistics showing a steady, albeit tiny decrease in the murder rate since 1994, however this varies across the country. In 2001, a South African was more likely to be murdered than die in a car crash.

According to The Economist, an estimated 250,000 white South Africans emigrated between 1994-2005.

Recall of Mbeki
At the 52nd National Conference of the African National Congress at Polokwane in December 2007, Mbeki lost the race for the presidency of the ANC to his former Deputy President, Jacob Zuma. All leadership positions within the ANC went to Zuma supporters, representing a major power shift within the ruling party. The ejection of Mbeki was followed by a gradual move to the left in the country's economic policy.

Zuma, then president of the ANC; and ANC candidate for President in the 2009 general election, continued to face charges of corruption relating to the multi-billion rand arms deal. However, in 2008 a landmark ruling by high court judge Chris Nicholson found that the re-charging of Zuma by the National Prosecuting Authority was illegal and was unduly influenced by Mbeki due to political motives. The case against Zuma was thus dismissed.

As a consequence of the judge's findings of political interference, the ANC's National Executive Committee requested the recall of Mbeki as the country's president. Mbeki tendered his resignation on 21 September 2008. Nicholson's judgement was later overturned on appeal.

Motlanthe presidency (2008–2009)
Following Mbeki's resignation, Kgalema Motlanthe was appointed president by the South African National Assembly on 25 September 2008. The ANC made it clear that Motlanthe would be a "caretaker" president until the election on 22 April 2009, for which Jacob Zuma was the ANC's presidential candidate.

Tensions within the ANC following Mbeki's departure led to a number of prominent members defecting to form a new party, the Congress of the People (COPE), under the leadership of Mosiuoa Lekota, Mbhazima Shilowa and Mluleki George.

Zuma presidency (2009–2018)
The ANC majority was reduced to below the two-thirds level in the 2009 general election with 65.9% of the vote, with the opposition Democratic Alliance (formerly Democratic Party) winning the province of the Western Cape and increasing its overall share of the vote to 16.7%. COPE attained 7.4%. Jacob Zuma was sworn in as president on 9 May 2009. The shift in economic policy, started with Mbeki's ejection from the presidency, continued with the appointment of Pravin Gordhan as Finance Minister instead of Trever Manuel.

In 2010, South Africa hosted the 2010 FIFA World Cup, the first time it was hosted in Africa.

The 2014 general election was again won by the ANC, though its share of the vote fell to 62.1%. The Democratic Alliance (DA) increased its vote to 22.2% and confirmed its role as main opposition party. The DA got 6% of the black vote and almost 93% of the white vote, and is often described as a "white" party. It is also sometimes described as a "centre-right" party. The Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF), led by former ANC youth leader Julius Malema, gained 6.4% of the vote and entered parliament as the third largest party. The EFF opposes what it sees as the "pro-business" stance of both ANC and DA; it also supports land reform.

Resignation of Zuma
From 2015, Jacob Zuma was understood to favour his ex-wife, Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, to succeed him both as President of the African National Congress and as President of South Africa, in order to retain his control of the ANC and the state through her, and to avoid prosecution for still pending criminal charges. In December 2017, Dlamini-Zuma was defeated by Cyril Ramaphosa in the election for the ANC Presidency at the ANC Conference at Nasrec, Johannesburg.

Following the end of Zuma's term as ANC President, pressure grew for Zuma to be replaced as President of South Africa. The annual State of the Nation Address scheduled for 8 February was postponed indefinitely 2 days beforehand. After a week of discussions within ANC structures and between Ramaphosa and Zuma, the ANC announced on 13 February that Zuma had been requested to resign, but had refused, and that the ANC was therefore "recalling" him from the Presidency.  Facing a motion of no confidence in Parliament scheduled for 15 February, Jacob Zuma announced his resignation with immediate effect in a late night address on 14 February.

Ramaphosa presidency (2018–present)
Following Zuma's resignation, Acting President Cyril Ramaphosa of the ruling African National Congress was elected unopposed as President of South Africa by the National Assembly on 15 February 2018.

In February 2018, the Parliament of South Africa passed a motion to review the property ownership clause of the constitution, to allow for the expropriation of land, in the public interest, without compensation. In August 2018, the South African government began the process of taking two privately owned farms by filing papers seeking to acquire the farms via eminent domain for one-tenth of the price that the owner wants, (which in one case is based on possible value when the farm is developed into an eco-estate). According to a 2017 government audit, 72 percent of the nation's private farmland is owned by white people, who make up 9 percent of the population.

Emigration, debt burden and poverty

The immediate post-apartheid period was marked by an exodus of skilled, white South Africans amid safety concerns and the prospect of losing their formerly privileged status. The South African Institute of Race Relations estimated in 2008 that 800,000 or more white people had emigrated overseas since 1995, out of the approximately 4,000,000 who were in South Africa when apartheid formally ended the year before. Large white South African diasporas, both English- and Afrikaans-speaking, sprouted in Australia, New Zealand, North America, and especially in the United Kingdom to which around 550,000 South Africans emigrated.

The apartheid government had declared a moratorium on foreign debt repayments in the mid-1980s when it declared a state of emergency in the face of escalating civil unrest. With the formal end of apartheid in 1994, the newly elected ANC government was saddled with an onerous foreign debt amounting to 86,700,000,000 rands ($14,000,000,000 at then current exchange rates) accrued by the former apartheid regime. The cash-strapped government was obliged to repay this debt, or else face a credit downgrading by foreign financial institutions. The debt was finally settled in September 2001.

A further financial burden was imposed on the new post-apartheid government through its obligation to provide antiretroviral (ARV) treatment to impoverished victims of the HIV-AIDS epidemic sweeping the country. South Africa had the highest prevalence of HIV-AIDS compared to any other country in the world, with 5,600,000 people afflicted by the disease and 270,000 HIV-related deaths were recorded in 2011. By that time, more than 2,000,000 children were orphaned due to the epidemic. The provision of ARV treatment resulted in 100,000 fewer AIDS-related deaths in 2011, than in 2005.

Migrant labour remained a fundamental aspect of the South African mining industry, which employed half a million, mostly black miners. Labour unrest in the industry resulted in a massacre which took place in mid-August 2012, during which; anti-riot police shot dead 34 striking miners and wounded many more in what is now known as the Marikana massacre. The migrant labour system was identified as a primary cause of the unrest. Multinational mining corporations including Anglo-American Corporation, Lonmin, and Anglo Platinum, were accused of failing to address the enduring legacies of apartheid.

By 2014, around 47% of mostly black South Africans continued to live in poverty, making  it one of the most unequal countries  in the world. Widespread dissatisfaction with the slow pace of socio-economic transformation, government incompetence and maladministration, and other public grievances in the post-apartheid era, precipitated many violent protest demonstrations. In 2007, less than half the protests were associated with some form of violence, compared with 2014 when almost 80% of protests involved violence on the part of the participants or the authorities. The slow pace of transformation also fomented tensions within the tripartite alliance between the ANC, the South African Communist Party and the Congress of South African Trade Unions.

The ANC had risen to power on the strength of a socialist agenda embodied in a Freedom Charter, which was intended to form the basis of ANC social, economic and political policies. The Charter decreed that "the national wealth of our country, the heritage of South Africans, shall be restored to the people; the mineral wealth beneath the soil, the banks and monopoly industry shall be transferred to the ownership of the people". ANC icon Nelson Mandela, asserted in a statement released on 25 January 1990: "The nationalisation of the mines, banks and monopoly industries is the policy of the ANC, and a change or modification of our views in this regard is inconceivable." But, after the ANC's electoral victory in 1994, the eradication of mass poverty through nationalisation was never implemented. The ANC-led government, in a historic reversal of policy, adopted neoliberalism instead. A wealth tax on the super-rich to fund developmental projects was set aside, while domestic and international corporations, enriched by apartheid, were excused from any financial reparations. Large corporations were allowed to shift their main listings abroad. According to a leading South African economics expert, the government's concessions to big business represented "treacherous decisions that [will] haunt South Africa for generations to come".


Żary railway station

Żary railway station () is a railway station serving the town of Żary, in the Lubusz Voivodeship, Poland. The station opened in 1846 and is located on the Łódź-Forst railway, Miłkowice–Jasień railway, Żary–Zielona Góra railway and Żary–Legnica railway. The train services are operated by Koleje Dolnośląskie, PKP Intercity and Przewozy Regionalne.

Train services
The station is served by the following services:

Regional services (R) Forst (Lausitz) – Żary – Żagań
Regional services (R) Zielona Góra Główna – Żary – Żagań
Regional services (R) Zielona Góra Główna – Żary – Węgliniec – Zgorzelec – Görlitz
Regional services (Os) Żary – Żagań – Legnica
Regional services (OsP) Forst (Lausitz) – Żary – Żagań – Legnica – Wrocław Główny
Regional services (P) Berlin Lichtenberg – Cottbus – Forst (Lausitz) – Żary – Żagań – Legnica – Wrocław Główny
Express services (TLK) Zielona Góra Główna – Żary – Legnica – Wrocław Główny – Opole Główne – Częstochowa  – Koluszki – Warszawa Wschodnia

Until mid-December 2014 the station was also served by EuroCity "Wawel", which used to run once daily between Berlin Hauptbahnhof and Wrocław Główny.


Little Asby

Little Asby is a small village in Cumbria, England. Historically part of Westmorland, its name is said to be derived from the Norse words askr, meaning "ash", and by, meaning "farm". A chapel at the site (St Leonard's Chapel), of which little remains, is the main reason that the village was built.

Just outside the village, to the west, is Little Asby Common, which is a Site of Special Scientific Interest and a Special Area of Conservation because of the plant species that inhabit the limestone pavement areas, as well as the limestone geology of the area. In chronostratigraphy, the British sub-stage of the Carboniferous period, the 'Asbian' derives its name from Little Asby Scar.


V. K. Raju

V. K. Raju is an Indian politician and former Member of the Legislative Assembly of Tamil Nadu. He was elected to the Tamil Nadu legislative assembly as a Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam candidate from Arakkonam constituency in 1977, 1984 and 1989 elections.


Vijenac

for the village in Montenegro see Vijenac, Montenegro

Vijenac (English: The Wreath) is a biweekly magazine for literature, art and science, established in December 1993 and published by Matica hrvatska, the central national cultural institution in Croatia.

Historical background

The magazine is seen as the direct descendant of the Vienac literary magazine, which gathered the best Croatian writers and poets of the second half of the 19th century. It was created in 1869 to "delight and educate" (zabavi i pouci). Prominent cultural figures were editors-in-chief. In the first year, the magazine was managed by Đuro Deželić, then by Ivan Perkovac, Milivoj Dežman, Franjo Marković and Vjekoslav Klaić.

Vienac soon became the main Croatian literary magazine of the second half of the 19th century, especially when it was managed by the greatest Croatian writer of the time, August Šenoa, from 1874 until his death in 1881. It is a showcase of the big literary names of the period. For example, Ksaver Šandor Gjalski published his first short story there in 1884. Vijenac also published translations of works by Zola, Daudet and Turgenev. From 1890 to 1896, it was edited by Josip Pasarić, a major critic of Croatian realism.

Both the content and the illustrations were on the level of the contemporary European literary magazines. Vienac was the only edition of Matica ilirska (the Illyrian Matrix) until Matica was restructured in 1874 to become the Matica hrvatska. After that, Vienac was published by a printing company. It died out in 1903.

Vijenac today
After its revival in 1993, Vijenac soon regained its prestige status as a prominent literary and arts publication. However, in late 1998 a group of top contributors (including the then editor-in-chief, Andrea Zlatar) left Vijenac and established Zarez. Vijenac continued publishing with a new editorial staff.  it had an estimated circulation of 7,000 copies.


Anthrenocerus schwarzeneggeri

Anthrenocerus schwarzeneggeri is a species of beetles, native to Australia.  It is within the genus Anthrenocerus and the family Dermestidae.  It is native to New South Wales


2012 in Kenyan football

The following article is a summary of the 2012 football season in Kenya, which was the 49th competitive season in its history.

Domestic leagues

Promotion and relegation

Promoted to Premier League
 Muhoroni Youth
 Oserian

Promoted to Division One
 Coast United
 G.F.C. 105
 Green Berets
 Kakamega Homeboyz
 West Kenya Sugar (promoted as Kabrass United)
 Zoo Kericho

Relegated from Premier League
 Bandari
 Congo JMJ United

Relegated from Division One
 Annex 07
 Kiambaa United
 Makarios
 Nanyuki
 Opera
 Real Kisumu
 Strathmore University

Managerial changes

Premier League

Division One

Premier League

The 2012 Kenyan Premier League began on February 11, 2012 and ended on November 10, 2012, with a break that lasted from May 20, 2012 to June 23, 2012.

On 21 August, the Kenyan Premier League and East African Breweries signed a KSh. 170 million (US$2.02 million; £1.28 million; €1.62 million) deal for the renaming of the league to the Tusker Premier League, making it the most lucrative deal in Kenyan football history. On 18 October, Puma signed a deal with the league for KSh. 10 million (US$117,275; £73,242; €90,052) to make them the official ball supplier for the league and its clubs with immediate effect.

Women's Premier League

The 2012 Kenyan Women's Premier League began on March 3, 2012 and ended on October 7, 2012.

Relegated Sotik Super Stars had been highlighted as an incompetent team after losing 14−0 to three different teams: MOYAS Ladies, Mathare United and Matuu.

Division One

The Nationwide League had its name changed to FKF Division One at the beginning of the season.

The 2012 FKF Division One season began on March 3, 2012 and ended on November 18, 2012 in both Zone A and B.

Zone A
On 31 August 2012, Mathare Youth disbanded and therefore pulled out of the league, after which the FKF decided to scrap all of their second round results. This meant that all teams that had played against Mathare Youth had their points revoked or given back, depending on the results of the matches, and all upcoming fixtures involving Mathare Youth were cancelled.

Zone B

Domestic cups

President's Cup

The 2012 FKF President's Cup began on August 4, 2012 and ended on November 21, 2012. The FKF decided to change the quarter-final fixtures, meaning that A.F.C. Leopards and Kenya Revenue Authority were to now face Karuturi Sports and Sofapaka respectively.

Super Cup

The 2012 Kenyan Super Cup match was played on February 5, 2012 between Tusker, the 2011 Kenyan Premier League champions, and Gor Mahia, the 2011 FKL Cup winners. Tusker won 4−1 on penalties after the match ended 1−1 at full-time.

Top 8 Cup

The 2012 KPL Top 8 Cup began on March 14, 2012 and ended on August 19, 2012.

International club competitions

Champions League

The 2012 CAF Champions League began on February 18, 2012 and ended on November 11, 2012. Tusker qualified for participation in the tournament as 2011 Kenyan Premier League champions. They were knocked out on aggregate in the preliminary round by Armée Patriotique Rwandaise, who advanced to the first round.

Confederation Cup

The 2012 CAF Confederation Cup began on February 18, 2012 and ended on November 25, 2012. Gor Mahia qualified for participation in the tournament as 2011 FKL Cup champions. They were knocked out on aggregate in the preliminary round by Ferroviário de Maputo, who advanced to the first round. The Mozambican club had also requested to postpone the second leg by a week.

Kagame Interclub Cup

The 2012 Kagame Interclub Cup began on July 14, 2012 and ended on July 28, 2012. Tusker were invited to represent Kenya in the tournament as the 2011 Kenyan Premier League champions. They were knocked out in the group stage.

National teams

Men

World Cup qualification
The national team advanced to the second round of World Cup qualifications in Africa after beating Seychelles 7-0 on aggregate in the first round.

Africa Cup of Nations qualification
The national team participated in the first round of qualification to the 2013 Africa Cup of Nations. They beat Togo 2-1 in the first leg on 29 February. However, they were beaten 1-0 in the second leg on 17 June and lost on away goals rule. Therefore, they did not advance to the second round.

African Nations Championship qualification
The national team participated in the preliminary round of qualification for the 2014 African Nations Championship. The second leg was to be played on 5 January 2013.

CECAFA Cup

Kenya were to host the CECAFA Cup to be held at the end of the year, and it would've been the first time they host the tournament since 2009 and the sixth time overall. However, CECAFA Secretary General Nicholas Musonye announced that the tournament was to be hosted in Uganda and not Kenya.

Other matches
The following is a list of all other matches played by the Kenya men's team in 2012.

Women
The following is a list of all matches played by the Kenya women's team in 2012.


Messiniakos

Founded in 1888, Messiniakos Gymnastic Club () is one of the oldest athletic club in Greece with Panagiotis Benakis its first president. Messiniakos' traditional colours are green and white and in 1924 adopted as symbol a platanus foil.

Messiniakos has made a name of itself in many sports (football, volleyball, athletics, weight-lifting etc.) and has produced very good athletes, such as OFI's Brazilian footballer Davidson and Louis Tsatoumas in track and field, who is one of the biggest hopes for Greek athletics. The club used to be home to the Papaflessia international athletics meeting. The volleyball team had excellent appearances in the First Division, but is not participating at the current time.

Football team
The football team participated in the Second Division in the 2006-07 season. Its president is international businessman Stavros Papadopoulos. Papadopoulos is the former owner of Kalamata and Apollon Kalamaria. He bought both those teams when they were in the Third Division and Second Division, respectively, and invested substantial money into those teams and eventually took both those teams up to the first division.

Papadopoulos has shown he has the same plan for Messiniakos. He bought the team a few years back when it was just a local team, not even in Fourth Division. He has invested money into the team and brought in talented young players. During this time the team has achieved promotion from a non-league team all the way up to the second division, but has been relegated to the Third Division for the upcoming season after finishing in second last place in 2007.

The next years the football team weakened and now it plays in Messenia local League.

Volleyball team
The volleyball women's team of Messiniakos plays in A2 Ethniki (2015-16). The women's team has played one time in A1 Ethniki, in 1984-85 season. The men's volleyball has also played in A1 Ethniki Volleyball during 1985-88 period.


Cabaret Cartoons

Cabaret Cartoons was a live light entertainment series broadcast by BBC Television 193639 and 1946. It was a spin-off from the series Cabaret. Its distinctive feature was that English artist Harry Rutherford (190385) drew cartoon sketches of the performers during the broadcast. Rutherford did not speak: the producer, Cecil Madden, decreed that his Mancunian accent was inappropriate to be heard on the BBC.

No episodes have survived.

Performers
The following performers appeared in Cabaret Cartoons five or more times, or  are the subjects of Wikipedia articles. Numbers of appearances are given in parentheses.
 Beverley Sisters, English vocal trio (1)
 Truda Binarová, Czechoslovak actress (5)
 Petula Clark (born 1932), English singer (2)
 Edward Cooper (18831956), English actor (1)
 Evelyn Dall (19182010), American singer (2)
 Robert Harbin (190878), British magician and actor (1)
 Grace (190755) and Paul Hartman (190473), American dancers (1)
 Nosmo King (and Hubert) (18861952), English comedian (2)
 Harry Rutherford (190385), English artist (19)
 Eric Woodburn (18941981), Scottish comedian (1)


Ouyang Yu

Ouyang Yu (; born 1955) is a contemporary Chinese-Australian author, translator and academic.

Ouyang Yu was born in the People's Republic of China, arriving in Australia in 1991 to study for a Ph. D. at La Trobe University which he completed in 1995. Since then his literary output has been prodigious. Apart from several collections of poetry and a novel he has translated authors as diverse as Christina Stead, Xavier Herbert, Germaine Greer and
David Malouf among others. He also edits Otherland, which is a bilingual English-Chinese literary journal. In 2015 he was shortlisted for the New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards Translation Prize.

Bibliography
Poetry
 Moon Over Melbourne and other Poems  (Papyrus Publishing, 1995)
 Songs of the Last Chinese Poet (Wild Peony, 1997)
 Two Hearts, Two Tongues and Rain-Coloured Eyes (University of Hawaii, 2002)
 New and Selected Poems (Salt, 2004)

Novels
The Eastern Slope Chronicle (Brandl & Schlesinger, 2002)
The English Class (Transit Lounge, 2010)
Loose: A Wild History (Wakefield Press, 2011)
Diary of a Naked Official (Transit Lounge, 2014)

Non-fiction
On the Smell of an Oily Rag: Speaking English, Thinking Chinese and Living Australian (Wakefield Press, 2008)
Chinese in Australian Fiction, 1888–1988 (Cambria Press, 2008)
‘You in the I’: The Chinese-Australian writer Ouyang Yu speaks to Prem Poddar, Beyond the Yellow Pale: Essays and Criticism, (Otherland Publishing, 2010)

External links
 Invading Australia: a Sequence at cordite.org.au
 Nine poems at Jacket Magazine
 Poems at Poetry International Web
 3 poems at Blackmail Press


2018–19 Namibia Premier League

The 2018–19 Namibia Premier League is the 29th season of the Namibia Premier League, the top-tier football league in Namibia. The season started on 9 November 2018, there was a new record for attendance this year with the opening day at Black Africa drawing 17 people.

Standings
Final table.

  1.Black Africa            28  19  7  2  66-22  64       Champions
  2.African Stars           28  16  6  6  40-23  54
  3.Tura Magic              28  12 11  5  40-31  47
  4.Unam FC                 28  11  9  8  42-30  42
  5.Life Fighters           28  12  5 11  45-43  41
  6.Mighty Gunners          28  11  7 10  34-31  40
  7.Citizens FC             28   9 12  7  36-32  39
  8.Eleven Arrows           28   9  9 10  33-33  36
  9.Tigers FC               28   9  8 11  37-29  35
 10.Julinho Sporting        28  10  5 13  31-49  35
 11.Blue Waters             28   8  6 14  26-41  30
 12.Okahandja United        28   6 11 11  27-32  29
 13.Young Brazilians        28   7  8 13  41-62  29
 14.Civics FC               28   7  7 14  27-41  28
 15.Orlando Pirates         28   6  5 17  22-48  23
  -.Young African           expelled; all results annulled;


1939 Copa del Generalísimo

The 1939 Copa del Generalísimo was the 37th staging of the Copa del Rey, the Spanish football cup competition.

The competition started on 14 May 1939 and concluded on 25 June 1939 with the final, held at the Montjuïc Stadium in Barcelona.

Round of 12

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Racing Santander and Donostia received a bye.

Quarter-finals

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Semi-finals

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Final

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External links
www.linguasport.com
LFP website
RSSSF.com

1939
Copa
Copa


Peter Grant (book series)

The Peter Grant series (alternatively, the Rivers of London series or the PC Grant series) is a series of urban fantasy novels by English author Ben Aaronovitch, and comics/graphic novels by Aaronovitch and Andrew Cartmel, illustrated by Lee Sullivan.

Plot overview

Novels and novellas

Rivers of London
(American Title: Midnight Riot)

The novel centres on the adventures of Peter Grant, a young officer in the Metropolitan Police; who, following an unexpected encounter with a ghost, is recruited into the small branch of the Met that deals with magic and the supernatural.

Peter Grant, having become the first English apprentice wizard in over seventy years, must immediately deal with two different but ultimately inter-related cases. In one he must find what is possessing ordinary people and turning them into vicious killers, and in the second he must broker a peace between the two warring gods of the River Thames and their respective families.

Moon over Soho

Following the events of Rivers of London Police Constable and apprentice wizard Peter Grant is called in to help investigate the brutal murder of a journalist in the downstairs toilet of the Groucho Club in London's Soho district. At the same time Peter is disturbed by a number of deaths of amateur and semi-professional jazz musicians that occurred shortly after they performed. Despite the apparently natural causes of death each body exhibits a magical signature which leads Peter to believe that the deaths are far from natural.

Whispers Under Ground

The son of a US senator is stabbed to death, and magic involvement is suspected. An FBI agent is involved with DC Grant's case. Meanwhile, in the sewers near the tunnels of London's Underground, something is happening.

Broken Homes

Another killer is on the loose, and the prime suspect could be an associate of the twisted magician known as the Faceless Man. A town planner goes under a tube train, and a grimoire has been stolen. And when Peter gets word of something very odd happening in Elephant and Castle, he has to investigate whether there is a connection.

Foxglove Summer

Leaving London, Peter goes to a small village in Herefordshire, where there appears to be a supernatural element to the disappearance of two local girls. Having to cope with local cops, as well as local gods, Peter finds the mystery deepens.

The Hanging Tree

Back in London, Peter faces the legacy of London's hangings. Investigating suspicious murders in the world of the super-rich, Peter is in a different world to the one he is used to investigating.

The Furthest Station (novella)

In this novella, published in September 2017, Peter needs to deal with commuting ghosts, forgetful commuters, and deciphering a ghost's urgent message.

Lies Sleeping
Published in November 2018, Peter continues the investigations into Martin Chorley.

The October Man (novella)
Published in June 2019.  Tobias Winter, the only apprentice in the "Abteilung Komplexe und diffuse Angelegenheiten" (KDA)  (Department for Complex and Diffuse Matters - the German equivalent of the Folly) investigates a suspicious death in a vineyard near the Mosel. His local colleague is Vanessa Sommer, who is going to join the KDA in the end as well.

False Value
Peter Grant is facing fatherhood, and an uncertain future, with equal amounts of panic and enthusiasm. Rather than sit around, he takes a job with émigré Silicon Valley tech genius Terrence Skinner's brand new London start up - the Serious Cybernetics Company. The publication date was originally given as November 2019 but the book was actually released on 20 February 2020.

Graphic novels
The Rivers of London graphic novel series each tell a separate story arc in individual comics that when finished are collected and sold in electronic form as well as hardback and softback bound editions.

Body Work - Starting with a car on a killing spree, with no driver, Peter investigates a Bosnian refugee and a seemingly-harmless wooden bench with the darkest of paths...
 Hardback: , First edition March 2016
 Softback: , First edition March 2016
 Set between Broken Homes and Foxglove Summer
 Originally released as five monthly issues.

Night Witch - Russian Oligarch's daughter is kidnapped and he thinks kidnapping Nightwitch Varvara Sidorovna will help the situation.
 Hardback: , First edition November 2016
 Softback: , First edition December 2016
 Set between Foxglove Summer and The Hanging Tree
 Originally released as five monthly issues.

Black Mould - Sahra Guleed joins Grant is determining the source of Black Mould invading the suburbs while Nightingale takes on a haunted ice cream van.
 Hardback: , First edition June 2017
 Softback: , First edition July 2017
 Set between Night Witch and The Hanging Tree (Although the readers guide at the back of Black Mould places this story after The Hanging Tree, a brief reference is made in The Hanging Tree to the events in this story)
 Originally released as five monthly issues.

Detective Stories - Peter is trying to make Detective which is a bit complicated when your exam proctor is 90% sure you are crazy or a practical joke!
 Softback: , First edition December 2017 TBC
 Set between The Hanging Tree  and Cry Fox.
 Originally released as four monthly issues.

Cry Fox - Reynard is up to his tricks again and this time it involves some old Russian friends.
 Softback: , First edition June 2018
 Set between Detective Stories  and Water Weed.
 Originally released as four monthly issues.

Water Weed - When Chelsea and Olympia decide to earn a few quid on the side, Peter and Bev find themselves confronting London's new queenpin of crime – the brutal and beautiful Hoodette!
 Softback: , First Edition December 2018
 Originally released as four monthly issues, June 2018 - September 2018.

Action At A Distance - Nightingale searches for a serial killer in 1957 London.
 Softback: First Edition: November 2019

Future installments
Listed below are forthcoming titles, as confirmed on Ben Aaronovitch's blog.

What Abigail Did That Summer
What Abigail Did That Summer is a forthcoming novella set between Foxglove Summer and The Hanging Tree. In the series chronology it will be the first novella, taking place before The Furthest Station.

Untitled Kimberley Reynolds Novella
Following FBI Agent Kimberley Reynolds, who was introduced in Whispers Underground, and has subsequently become an ally of the Folly, this novella is set after Lies Sleeping.

Graphic novels
A forthcoming graphic novel, The Fey and the Furious, will take place after the events of Lies Sleeping.

Other work
Aaronovitch has also announced several works within the same fictional universe, but set outside the chronology of the main series. These works include a short story entitled 'Cock of The Wall' focusing on Petrus Aelius Bekemetus, who Aaronovitch describes as a "temple official/Londinium wideboy" - i.e. set in Roman London which Peter Grant briefly visited in the first book of the series. Also planned is an untitled Novella focusing on Peter's mentor Thomas Nightingale.
On 1 May 2019 it was announced that a television adaptation of Rivers of London would be produced by Simon Pegg and Nick Frost's production company, Stolen Picture.
At Dragonmeet convention in London, on 30 November 2019, it was announced that a role-playing game based on the book series would be published by Chaosium.

Stories listed by internal chronology
In a blog entry, the author has provided a list of the stories, by internal chronology.

On the page where the official order is given, the author writes: "One caveat - the short story The Home Crowd Advantage is obviously set in 2012 during the London Olympics but because it was written before the chronology of the series had firmed up it contains a number of anachronisms. I've learnt to be philosophical about this sort of thing." Many of the stories give vague dates, and some of those dates conflict with the official series order (compare Foxglove Summer and The Furthest Station).

Main characters
Note: the following section contains major spoilers for later books in the series.
 Police Constable Peter Grant; an officer in the Metropolitan Police and the first official apprentice wizard in sixty years.
 Detective Chief Inspector Thomas Nightingale; head of the Folly and the last officially sanctioned English Wizard.
 Lesley May; formerly Police Constable in the Metropolitan Police and de facto apprentice to Nightingale; now criminal associate of the Faceless Man and subject to an internal investigation
 Detective Sergeant Miriam Stephanopoulos; case officer of the Belgravia Murder Investigation Team and de facto Senior Investigating Officer.
 Sahra Guleed; Constable, often works with Peter when his cases are in London.
 Dr Abdul Haqq Walid; world-renowned gastroenterologist and cryptopathologist.
 Frank Caffrey; LFB (London Fire Brigade) Fire Investigator, ex-para and a key "associate" of the Folly.
 Professor Harold Postmartin D.Phil. FRS BMon "Postmartin the Pirate" Archivist and expert for the Folly.
 Molly; The Folly's domestic helper, of not entirely clarified species, but she has been referred to as fae-like in the PC Grant novel "Foxglove Summer".
 Abigail Kamara; an annoyingly persistent teen-aged girl who is the de facto founding member of the Folly's Youth Wing. Lives at the same estate as Peter's parents.
 Beverley Brook; "daughter" of Mama Thames and goddess of Beverley Brook, a small river in South London; in later books, Peter Grant's girlfriend.
 Cecilia Tyburn Thames; aka Lady Ty, "daughter" of Mama Thames and goddess of the River Tyburn.
 Oxley; god of the River Oxley one of the "sons" of Father Thames and his chief negotiator.
 Toby; Peter's dog, who can detect magic, indicated by barking
 Varvara Sidorovna Tamonina (aka. Varenka Dobroslova); Russian/Soviet witch (Night Witch), magical WWII veteran (365th Special Regiment of the Red Army), later living on her own in Britain with a magically extended lifetime


FK Bratstvo 07 Žitoše

FK Bratstvo 07 () is a football club based in the village of Zhitoshe near Prilep, North Macedonia. They are currently competing in the Macedonian Third League (Center Division).

History
The club was founded in 2007.


Bennett, Colorado

The Town of Bennett is a Statutory Town in Adams and Arapahoe counties in the U.S. state of Colorado. The town population was 2,308 at the 2010 United States Census.  Bennett is a part of the Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area.

History
Bennett was incorporated on January 22, 1930, and was named for Hiram Pitt Bennet, congressional delegate from the Territory of Colorado and Colorado Secretary of State.

Colorado spam king
Edward Davidson, known also as the "Colorado Spam King", operated an illegal spamming company, Power promotions, from July 2002 through April 2007 from a home near Bennett where he had a large network of computers and servers, according to federal authorities. The spam contained false header information, concealing the actual sender from the recipient of the e-mail. Davidson provided spammed messages for about 19 different companies, prosecutors said. Some of the e-mailed pitches were used to dupe stock investors and manipulate the market, federal authorities said. Davidson was sentenced to 21 months in federal prison and ordered to pay $714,139 to the Internal Revenue Service.

On July 20, 2008, he escaped from a minimum-security prison. Four days later, he was found dead with his wife and a child, both also dead, in an apparent murder-suicide near Bennett.

Kiowa Crossing and train wreck
Until 1878, the town was known as Kiowa Crossing. In May 21 of that year, a heavy rainstorm washed out the railroad bridge to the east of town. A Kansas Pacific Railway train of 25 cars loaded with scrap iron was washed into the stream with engineers Frank Seldon, George Piatt, and John Bacon on board. Most of the wrecked train was recovered, but the locomotive #51 was never officially found. In 1989, archivist Loyd Glasier at Union Pacific found that the railroad had found the locomotive, secretly dug it up, put it back into service, and collected the insurance money in a complex insurance scam. The story of the lost locomotive inspired Clive Cussler to write Night Probe!; his nonprofit NUMA later searched for the locomotive.

Opera controversy
The town achieved national notoriety in February 2006 when a number of parents of elementary schoolchildren criticized a local teacher for showing in class a video of Gounod's classic opera Faust, featuring world renowned and critically acclaimed soprano Dame Joan Sutherland. Parents said their children were traumatized by the appearance of a leering devil in the video, a man appearing to be killed by a sword in silhouette, and an allusion to suicide. Tresa Waggoner, the teacher who showed the video, was required to send a letter of apology for her actions to parents.

Geography
Bennett is located at  (39.753604, -104.428580), at the intersection of State Highways 36 and 79, just north of Interstate 70.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which , or 0.10%, is water. The highest temperature ever recorded in Colorado occurred in Bennett on July 11, 1888, when it reached 118 °F (48 °C).

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 2,021 people, 715 households, and 539 families residing in the town.  The population density was 652.3 people per square mile (251.7/km²).  There were 732 housing units at an average density of 236.3 per square mile (91.2/km²).  The racial makeup of the town was 94.56% White, 0.49% African American, 0.74% Native American, 0.30% Asian, 0.15% Pacific Islander, 1.63% from other races, and 2.13% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.45% of the population.

There were 715 households out of which 49.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.3% were married couples living together, 10.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.5% were non-families. 21.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 6.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.  The average household size was 2.83 and the average family size was 3.30.

In the town, the population was spread out with 34.5% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 34.7% from 25 to 44, 18.1% from 45 to 64, and 5.6% who were 65 years of age or older.  The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.7 males.  For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.8 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $46,600, and the median income for a family was $50,881. Males had a median income of $38,672 versus $26,354 for females. The per capita income for the town was $17,905.  About 3.7% of families and 5.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.9% of those under age 18 and 8.9% of those age 65 or over.

Notable people

Hiram Pitt Bennet (September 2, 1826 – November 11, 1914), congressional delegate from the Territory of Colorado and Colorado Secretary of State
Tim Samaras (1957-2013), engineer and storm chaser who starred on Discovery Channel's documentary reality television series Storm Chasers. He lost his life in Oklahoma City's EF3 wedge tornado on May 31, 2013 with his son, Paul and TWISTEX colleague, Carl Young of South Lake Tahoe, California.


St. Matthew's Anglican Cathedral (Brandon)

St. Matthew's Cathedral, is the Anglican cathedral in Brandon, Manitoba. The cathedral is located in a residential neighbourhood on 13th Street near Victoria Avenue.

Built in between 1912 and 1913 to designs by Brandon architect W.A. (William Alexander)Elliott, whose name is on other designated heritage buildings in Brandon Manitoba such as Johnson House, Christie House, and the Central Firehall. The St. Matthew's Cathedral was designed in English Gothic Revival style, and constructed by the firm of William Bell and Son, the cathedral is a red brick and limestone building, with a complex floor plan, variety of roof lines, crenelations and tall lancet windows. The central tower is located at the crossing and is the focal point of the building. Inside, the cathedral is elegant, with Gothic inspired windows and furnishings, all beautifully maintained.

The Institute for stained glass in Canada has documented the stained glass at St Matthew's Anglican Cathedral.

The cathedral church hosts numerous concerts and events, both secular and religious, which are held throughout the year.

The current Rector and Dean is the Very Reverend Don Bernhardt.


Constituency PP-51 (Faisalabad-I)

PP-51 (Faisalabad-I) is a Constituency of Provincial Assembly of Punjab.

Election 2013, Azad Ali Tabassum of Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz) won the seat of MPA from PP – 51 FAISALABAD I by collecting 39, 676.
Muhammad Ajmal Cheema of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf place second by taking 22,342 votes in PP – 51 FAISALABAD I.

General elections 2013

General elections 2008


Piacenti

Piacenti is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alessandro Piacenti (born 1992), Italian footballer
Gesualdo Piacenti (born 1954), Italian footballer


The National Film Award for Best Children's Film is one of the National Film Awards presented annually by the Directorate of Film Festivals, the organisation set up by Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, India. It is one of several awards presented for feature films and awarded with Golden Lotus (Swarna Kamal).

The award was instituted in 1954, at 1st National Film Awards and awarded annually for children's films produced in the year across the country, in all Indian languages; Hindi (27 Awards), Bengali (7 Awards), Malayalam and Kannada (6 each), English (5 Awards), Marathi (2 Awards), Tamil, Telugu, Oriya and Assamese (1 each).

Winners

Award includes 'Golden Lotus Award' (Swarna Kamal) and cash prize. Following are the award winners over the years:


Harutyun Varpurciyan

Harutyun Vapurciyan is a Turkish architect of Armenian origin.

One of his most important of the designs that he implemented alongside architects such as Greek architect Avyerinos Andonyadis, Armenian architect Nishan Yaubyan and Enis Kortan was the Sakarya Hukumet Konak (or Local Government building of Sakarya) which finished in 1956.


Sadun-e Yek

Sadun-e Yek (, also Romanized as Sa‘dūn-e Yek) is a village in Bani Saleh Rural District, Neysan District, Hoveyzeh County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 153, in 25 families.


Barton McGuckin

Barton McGuckin (28 July 1852 – 17 April 1913) was an Irish tenor singer of renown, who made his career principally in Britain with the Carl Rosa Opera Company, but also gained a wide success in oratorio and concert. He is regarded as the model for Bartell D'Arcy in James Joyce's story "The Dead".

Training and early days
McGuckin was born in Dublin and began studying music as a choirboy in Armagh Cathedral, where he received instruction in singing, organ, violin and pianoforte. In 1871 he became first tenor at St Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin and was a pupil of Joseph Robinson. He appeared in concerts from 1874, and made a debut at the Crystal Palace Concerts in 1875. He then went to study further at Milan, under Trevulsi.

Career with Carl Rosa Opera Company
He made his stage debut with the Carl Rosa Opera Company in 1880, and remained with them at Theatre Royal, Drury Lane until 1887, singing in London and the provinces. He achieved great success, both for brilliant singing and for his acting. In this period he created several important roles, notably Phoebus in A. Goring Thomas's Esmeralda (with Georgina Burns, Clara Perry, William Ludwig, Ben Davies (his operatic debut) and Leslie Crotty, in 1883; next Orso, the hero, in Alexander Mackenzie's Colomba, with Alwina Valleria and Franco Novara, again in 1883; then Waldemar in Goring Thomas's Nadeshda, much acclaimed, with Alwina Valleria, Josephine Yorke and Leslie Crotty in 1885, and also Oscar in Frederick Corder's Nordisa in 1887. All were under the baton of Alberto Randegger and the artistic direction of Augustus Harris. In January 1885 he played Des Grieux in the first performance in England (at Liverpool) of Massenet's Manon, with Marie Roze. In 1887 and 1888, he visited the United States and sang in opera there.

In December 1888, McGuckin was back in London and appeared in the role of Manasseh at the Crystal Palace with the Novello's oratorio choir under Alexander Mackenzie in Hubert Parry's oratorio Judith, composed for the Birmingham Festival of that year. Corno di Bassetto heard it and found his singing in the Handelian manner rousing, but commented mainly on his poor diction, in reducing all vowel sounds to 'aw'. In May 1889 he was to sing Lohengrin with Lilian Nordica, Mme Fürsch-Madi and Francisco d'Andrade, but was indisposed and Antonio d'Andrade took his place under Sig. Mancinelli's baton.

After Carl Rosa's death, Augustus Harris made efforts to maintain the policy of developing the English school of composition, and at Easter 1890 made a renewed visit for the Carl Rosa company to Drury Lane. Frederick Cowen had produced his Thorgrim, based on an episode in the Icelandic tale of Viglund the Fair. It was produced in April with McGuckin, Zélie de Lussan and Frank Celli.

In June 1891 McGuckin sang on Selection Day in the Handel Festival under Sir August Manns at the Crystal Palace, performing "Waft her, angels" from ([[Jephtha (Handel)|Jephta]]) (which he spoiled by holding the high note at the end too long, but otherwise had a very distinguished success with it) and "Love sounds the alarm" (which was "excellent"). In the same month Mrs Moore Lawson was Venus to his Tannhäuser in the first scene of that opera as presented in English at a concert of Hans Richter and was, according to Shaw, capable of holding his own with the majority of continental singers to whom he might be compared. Again in October 1891 at the Palace he sang "Lend me your aid" (Gounod) and some songs by Bemberg.

In January 1892, McGuckin was called in to sing Berlioz' Damnation of Faust in two concert performances in London given by the Hallé Orchestra, with George Henschel and Mrs Henschel as Mephisto and Marguerite: "Mr Barton McGuckin had to take Mr Lloyd's place, at the disadvantage of a very superficial acquaintance with a difficult part. His words were quite unintelligible; and in the invocation, at the very climax of the tremendous burst into C sharp minor, he altered the cadence in a way that robbed me of breath. I see no reason why Mr McGuckin should not some day make an excellent Faust – quite as good as Mr Lloyd, who is not at his best in the part – as soon as he learns it."

In early 1892, he was in a revival of Arthur Sullivan's Ivanhoe in the title-part, with Medora Henson as Rowena. This had been through several successful runs since its first production a year previously, and Richard D'Oyly Carte now produced it to alternate with André Messager's La Basoche, in which David Bispham made his London debut. But Ivanhoe had exhausted its drawing-power and was taken off almost at once. McGuckin's other principal roles were in Lohengrin, in Faust (Gounod), as Don José (Carmen) and Eleazar in Halévy's La Juive.

Later career
McGuckin continued to sing into the early 20th century and made some recordings. He sang at Philharmonic and Monday Popular Concerts and at provincial festivals. In 1905, he became director of an amateur operatic society in Dublin and was conductor of orchestral concerts at the Irish Exhibition of 1908. He also became involved in the Royal Irish Academy of Music, Dublin. He died in 1913 in Stoke Poges.


603rd Squadron (JASDF)

The  is a squadron of the Airborne Early Warning Surveillance Group of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF) based at Naha Air Base in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. It is equipped with Northrop Grumman E-2C Hawkeye aircraft.

History
In the early 2010s the amount of air activity by China near Okinawa increased dramatically after Japan effectively nationalized the disputed Senkaku Islands, sparking a major backlash from China. Beginning in 2012 E-2C aircraft began deploying to Naha air base, and in 2014 the squadron was officially formed.

The unit was formed by taking around 130 personnel and four of the JASDF's 13 E-2C aircraft from 601st Squadron at Misawa Air Base in Aomori Prefecture.

On April 12, 2015 one of the squadron's aircraft made an emergency landing at Kadena Air Base due to electrical problems.

Tail markings
Unlike many other JASDF squadrons, the squadron's aircraft generally have a marking on their forward fuselage instead of on the tail. The marking is of a bat grasping lightning bolts, retained from the aircraft's time with the 601st Squadron.

Aircraft operated
 Northrop Grumman E-2C Hawkeye (2014–)


Pariah (play)

Pariah () is a one-act play written by August Strindberg.

Origins
Strindberg wrote Pariah along with his play Creditors in the town of Holte, Denmark during the winter of 1888–1889. He was in Denmark to create a theatre of his own, following the example he admired of the Théâtre Libre in Paris, which had been founded two years earlier.  Strindberg’s theatre would present naturalistic plays, and the artistic director would be his wife, Siri von Essen.  It was to be called “The Scandinavian Experimental Theatre”, and then was renamed “Strindberg’s Experimental Theatre”.  Beset with disasters, not the least of which was the censorship of his play, Miss Julie, the theatre had a tumultuous and extremely brief history. The theatre premiered in Holte on March 9, 1889 with a triple bill: Pariah, Creditors, and The Stronger. The evening was a success, with applause and curtain calls.  Even harsh critics were won over, with the exception of a newspaper reviewer who demanded that Strindberg be deported. The performance was then repeated in the nearby Swedish town, Malmö.

In the audience at Malmö was Ola Hansson, who had just published a short story from which, Strindberg claimed in a program note, the title and theme of Pariah were taken.  However, Hanssen said he didn’t recognize anything of his original theme. Hanssen also reports that at this time he had lent Strindberg a book of mysteries by Edgar Allan Poe, and that Poe was a significant influence on Strindberg’s writing at this time. A possible example of that influence, is that a scene of psychological detective work occurs in Poe’s short story, "The Gold Bug", that appears to have inspired an episode in Pariah. Strindberg's original title for the play is “Paria”, with its Hindu etymology.  Some English translations use the title, “The Outcast”, which, however, can be confused with an earlier play by Strindberg, “The Outlaw”.

Important to Strindberg with this and other plays, such as Miss Julie and The Father, was his desire to achieve the ideals of Naturalism in drama as described and analyzed by the French author and theorist, Emile Zola — the nouvelle formule. Strindberg modeled Pariah on the Les Quarts d’Heure (1888) plays of the French writers Gustave Guiches and Henri Lavedan, which, in his essay “On Modern Drama and Modern Theatre”, Strindberg describes as dramas reduced to a single scene.

Pariah carries on, in a veiled manner, a debate that Strindberg had been having through postal correspondence with the philosopher, Friedrich Nietzsche, who in Götzen-Dämmerung, portrays a criminal as a strong person, who is just misdirected in life.  In Pariah the criminal, Mr. Y, is portrayed as weak and a criminal from birth.  Strindberg in this play shows some influenced of his reading of the French translation of  the l’uomo delinquente (1876) by Cesare Lombroso, an Italian criminologist, who promotes the idea that criminality can be discerned in a person’s external self, as happens in the play, when Mr. X notices that Mr. Y is “terribly narrow between the ears.”

Synopsis
The play involves a battle of brains between two men, “Mr. X and Mr. Y’’ in a Darwinian struggle for survival. The men are in a room in a farmhouse during a storm.  A box of gold sits on the table, for which Mr. X is responsible.  Both have committed crimes in their personal history.  Mr. X, in his youth, murdered a man, but he was not caught, and he explains why it is right that he avoided punishment.  As for Mr. Y, he forged a financial document, which secured a loan.  For this he was caught and sent to prison, and he explains why it was unfair that he was punished. As both stories are shared during the play, it sets the men against one another. Which one is really the most guilty, and have either of them atoned for his sin? Mr. Y finally rationalizes that Mr. X. should pay Mr. Y a penalty or a bribe as a way of bringing "a little better balance into these unequal human conditions." Or it can be seen as Mr. X paying a bribe to keep Mr. Y quiet about Mr. X's crime. The atmosphere becomes tense and threatening, and the contest comes to a head when Y becomes armed with a knife, and X is armed with a stronger will, and can use his greater mental prowess to overpower Y.

Characters
Mr. X is a middle-age archeologist. He has been digging up and collecting treasures of antiquity.
Mr. Y is a middle-age Swedish/American.  He has arrived to collect insects for a small museum.

External links
The text of Pariah in the Edwin Björkman translation online.


Mulato-Getudo Fault

The Mulato-Getudo or Mulato-Jetudo Fault () is a sinistral oblique thrust fault in the departments of Tolima, Caldas and Antioquia in central Colombia. The fault has a total length of  and runs along an average north-northeast to south-southwest strike of 016.7 ± 9 in the Middle Magdalena Valley and along the western foothills of the Central Ranges of the Colombian Andes.

Etymology
The fault is named after the Mulatos and Jetudo Rivers, left tributaries of the Magdalena River.

Description
The Mulato-Getudo Fault, in some parts called Jetudo Fault, extends along the eastern foothills of the Central Ranges of the Colombian Andes, where it marks the abrupt break in slope of the east-tilted Tertiary erosion surface of the Cordillera and the flat alluvial plains of the Magdalena River in the Middle Magdalena Valley. The fault forms a regional-scale degraded fault escarpment with an outstanding break in slope. It offsets Pliocene to Quaternary deposits and an extensive tilted erosional surface of probable Miocene to Pliocene age (pre-Mesa Formation, older than 1.5 Ma). The northern half of the fault is characterised by aligned drainages and broad valleys. The fault possibly underlies the Honda Group south of the La Miel River.