Arthur Lee (RAF officer)

Air Vice Marshal Arthur Stanley Gould Lee,  (31 August 1894 – 21 May 1975) was a senior officer of the Royal Air Force (RAF). He began his flying career in the Royal Flying Corps during the First World War, scoring seven confirmed victories to become a flying ace and rising to the rank of captain. He continued his service in the RAF, serving throughout the Second World War before retiring in 1946 to devote himself to writing, including several volumes of autobiography.

Military career

First World War
Lee was commissioned as a temporary second lieutenant on 23 February 1915, to serve in the Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire Regiment. He later transferred to the Royal Flying Corps, and was promoted to lieutenant on 1 July 1917. Posted to No. 46 Squadron RFC to fly the Sopwith Pup, Lee gained his first aerial victory on 4 September 1917 by driving down out of control an Albatros D.V north-east of Polygon Wood. A week later, on 11 September 1917 he shared in the driving down of a Type C reconnaissance aircraft with Captain Maurice Scott and Lieutenants Eric Yorath Hughes and E. Armitage, south of the Scarpe River. Lee, Scott and Hughes repeated this feat ten days later and, the following day, 22 September, Lee drove down another D.V over Sailly-en-Ostrevent. Lee's fifth victory, on 30 September, which made him an ace, was gained over Vitry, driving down a DFW reconnaissance aircraft. He was appointed a flight commander with the temporary rank of captain on 20 November, and completed his victory string ten days later on 30 November, driving down another DFW over Havrincourt-Flesquières in the morning and destroying an Albatros D.V west of Bourlon in the afternoon.

Lee was awarded the Military Cross on 4 February 1918, which was gazetted in July:

Inter-war career
Lee remained in the Royal Air Force (RAF) post-war, being granted a short service commission as a flight lieutenant on 24 October 1919, which was made permanent on 19 March 1924. He was posted to serve on the staff of the Headquarters of No. 1 Group, based at RAF Kidbrooke, on 15 July 1924. On 4 October 1925 Lee was transferred to serve at the Air Ministry, but only stayed there for a month as he was posted to the RAF Depot on 4 November, before being sent to Iraq to serve in No. 5 Armoured Car Company from 18 November, then as a staff officer at the Headquarters of RAF Iraq Command from 16 February 1926.

On 1 July 1927 Lee was promoted to squadron leader, returning to the United Kingdom to attend a course at the RAF Staff College, Andover from 16 August. On 17 December 1928 he was posted to No. 10 (Bomber) Squadron based at RAF Upper Heyford, initially as a flight commander, before taking command of the squadron. From 4 February 1931 Lee served on the staff of the Headquarters of the Coastal Area, and on 4 January 1932 was posted to the Air Staff in the Directorate of Organisation and Staff Duties, later serving in the Directorate of Operations until 24 September 1934, and receiving promotion to wing commander on 1 July 1934. In 1935 Lee attended a course at the Imperial Defence College, which he completed in early December, and on 22 December was appointed station commander of RAF Hornchurch.

On 15 October 1937 Lee was transferred to the Special Duty List when seconded for duty with the Turkish Government to serve as an instructor at the newly formed Turkish Air Force Staff College. He was promoted to group captain on 1 November 1938.

Second World War
Lee was released from his post in Turkey in March 1941, and soon after arriving in Egypt was appointed Senior Officer Administration to Air Vice Marshal John D'Albiac, commander of the British Air Forces in Greece, supporting the Greeks following the Italian invasion. Despite early successes the intervention of the Germans soon put the Allied forces on the defensive, and the British were eventually driven out, first to Crete, then to Egypt. For the rest of 1941 Lee served as a staff officer (operations) in the Headquarters of RAF Middle East Command, then as Deputy Senior Air Staff Officer in the Desert Air Force.

Lee eventually returned to Britain to be appointed Senior Air Staff Officer of No. 12 Group in RAF Fighter Command, and was appointed a temporary air commodore on 1 November 1942. On 29 December 1942 he was granted permission to wear the insignia of a Commander of the Royal Order of George I with swords, conferred by George II, King of the Hellenes. On 8 June 1944 he received a mention in despatches.

In September 1944, following the coup in Romania that brought the country over from the Axis to the Allies, Lee was appointed Head of the Air Section for the British Element of the Control Commission in Romania. On 19 February 1945 he was appointed chief of the British Military Mission to the Yugoslav Government of Marshal Josip Broz Tito, with the acting rank of air vice marshal, finally relinquishing his acting rank on 13 July 1945.

Post-war career
Lee retired from the RAF on 21 January 1946, and was permitted to retain the rank of air vice marshal.

Following his retirement Lee pursued a career as a writer, something that had begun as early as 1917 when he wrote detailed daily letters to his wife, which later became the basis for his book No Parachute: A Fighter Pilot in World War I, published in 1970. While a serving officer Lee has been awarded prizes for essay-writing in 1924 and 1925, served as the first editor of The Hawk, the Royal Air Force Staff College's annual magazine, from 1929, and compiled a history of RAF Hornchurch in 1936. He wrote several works of autobiography, biographies, histories and a novel.

Publications
Autobiography

Historical/biographical

  (editor)

Fiction


Limaville, Ohio

Limaville is a village in Stark County, Ohio, United States. The population was 151 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Canton–Massillon Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Geography
Limaville is located at  (40.982458, -81.146820).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of , of which  is land and  is water.

Demographics

2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 151 people, 60 households, and 44 families living in the village. The population density was . There were 65 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the village was 98.0% White and 2.0% African American. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.7% of the population.

There were 60 households of which 35.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.3% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 10.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 26.7% were non-families. 25.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.52 and the average family size was 2.86.

The median age in the village was 42.2 years. 25.8% of residents were under the age of 18; 6.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.5% were from 25 to 44; 24.6% were from 45 to 64; and 20.5% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 52.3% male and 47.7% female.

2000 census
As of the census of 2000, there were 193 people, 71 households, and 59 families living in the village. The population density was 707.4 people per square mile (276.0/km²). There were 74 housing units at an average density of 271.2 per square mile (105.8/km²). The racial makeup of the village was 97.41% White, 0.52% Native American, 1.55% from other races, and 0.52% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.63% of the population.

There were 71 households out of which 39.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.8% were married couples living together, 14.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 15.5% were non-families. 11.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 2.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.72 and the average family size was 2.88.

In the village, the population was spread out with 24.9% under the age of 18, 8.3% from 18 to 24, 29.5% from 25 to 44, 22.3% from 45 to 64, and 15.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 112.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 113.2 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $37,750, and the median income for a family was $37,083. Males had a median income of $21,875 versus $23,125 for females. The per capita income for the village was $15,026. About 10.6% of families and 8.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.0% of those under the age of eighteen and 10.0% of those sixty five or over.


2017 Shymkent Challenger – Singles

This was the first edition of the tournament.

Ričardas Berankis won the title after defeating Yannick Hanfmann 6–3, 6–2 in the final.

Seeds

Draw

Finals

Top half

Bottom half


1999–2000 Iranian Basketball Super League

The following is the final results of the Iran Super League 1999/2000 basketball season.

Participated teams

Dokhaniat Urmia
Fajr Sepah Tehran
Foolad Mobarakeh Isfahan
Homa Tehran
Paykan Tehran
Rah Ahan Tehran
Shahrdari Gorgan
Zob Ahan Isfahan

Final standing
Zob Ahan Isfahan
Paykan Tehran
Shahrdari Gorgan
Foolad Mobarakeh Isfahan

External links
 Asia-Basket
 iranbasketball.org

League
Iran


Sun Wen (footballer)

Sun Wen (; born April 6, 1973 in Shanghai) is a retired Chinese professional football (soccer) player. She previously captained the China women's national football team and the Atlanta Beat of the Women's United Soccer Association (WUSA).

In 2000, she won the FIFA Female Player of the Century along with Michelle Akers. Sun won both the Golden Ball (top player) and Golden Boot (top scorer) for her performance at the 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup. She is considered one of the all-time greats of the women's game.

Early life
Sun began playing football around the age of ten. Her father, Sun Zonggao, was a recreational football player who took Sun with him to watch matches in the Chinese men's league. Sun credits him for influencing her foray into the sport.

Sun studied Chinese literature at the University of Shanghai.

Playing career

Club

Shanghai SVA
Sun played for the Shanghai team in the Chinese women's league.

Atlanta Beat
Sun played for the Atlanta Beat of the Women's United Soccer Association from 2001-2002.  She was the first overall pick of the WUSA's Inaugural Draft, but a knee and ankle injury limited her first season with the Beat to 13 games with five starts. During the league's semifinal match against the Philadelphia Charge, the Beat were down 2-0, however, Sun scored on a penalty kick and then provided the assist on the equalizer goal with a corner kick headed in by Cindy Parlow. The Beat would go on to win the match 3-2. She then notched the Beat's third goal in the Founders Cup helping the team to an eventual 3-3 tie during regulation. The San Jose CyberRays won the title in a penalty kick shootout.

During the 2002 season, Sun played in 18 games, making 10 starts. She scored four goals as the Beat earned another chance at the playoffs, but the Beat were eliminated in the semifinals.

Sun announced her retirement from the WUSA in January 2003 to return to China in preparation for the 2003 FIFA Women's World Cup.

International
Sun appeared on China's national squad at the age of 17 and went on to appear in four FIFA Women's World Cup tournaments for China and became one of three women to have played all of China's 15 matches in its three World Cup appearances. In 1999, she had 10 goals in her World Cup career, leaving her tied for second place on an all-time scoring list.

Sun helped the national team win the Asian Cup in 1991, 1993, 1995 and 1997.

Sun led China to a silver medal at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Athens, Georgia. During the 1999 FIFA Women's World Cup, Sun scored seven goals and earned the Golden Ball (top player) and Golden Boot (top scorer) at the tournament.

She returned to the Chinese women's team from a two-year retirement on December 15, 2005. Due to injury reasons, Sun retired again after winning AFC Women's Asian Cup in 2006.

Matches and goals scored at World Cup and Olympic tournaments
Sun played 28 matches and scored 16 goals in 4 world cup tournaments and 2 Olympics: China 1991,
Sweden 1995,
Atlanta 1996,
USA 1999,
Sydney 2000,
USA 2003; she played and started every match for China.
Sun Wen, with her China teams, won a silver medal at Atlanta 1996 Olympics, and finished second at USA 1999 world cup.

Honors and awards
A strong striker with great skills and passing abilities, Sun won both the Golden Boot (which she shared with Sissi, of Brazil) and the Golden Ball for the 1999 Women's World Cup, and became the first woman to be nominated for the Asian Football Confederation player of the year award.

In 2002, she was received the FIFA Internet Award in the FIFA Female Player of the Century voting. While the overall award was won by American Michelle Akers, Sun received the most internet votes on the FIFA-website.


Gerald Palmer (car designer)

Gerald Marley Palmer (20 January 1911–23 June 1999) was a British car designer.

Born in England, Palmer grew up in Southern Rhodesia, now Zimbabwe, where his father was chief engineer to the state run railways. He returned to England in 1927 where he started an engineering apprenticeship with Scammell, the commercial vehicle builders, and studied at the Regent Street Polytechnic. In his spare time he designed and built a sports car for the racing driver Joan Richmond and called it the Deroy after a tin mine his father owned in Mozambique. He completed the Deroy in 1936 and drove the car to the M.G. works at Abingdon where he showed it to Cecil Kimber. Kimber arranged for Palmer to be interviewed by chief engineer Vic Oak,  which resulted in Palmer getting a job in the Morris drawing office at Cowley with responsibility for development of a new generation of M.G. cars.  During 1937 and 1938, Palmer was responsible for leading the design of the MG Y-type which, due to the onset of hostilities, would not begin production until 1947.

With the outbreak of war in 1939, Gerald Palmer was reassigned to work on portable anaesthetic apparatus, the Oxford Vaporiser, for front line use. On completion of this he pursued development on a new two-stroke engine and production of Tiger Moth training aircraft.

Already looking beyond the war, Jowett cars of Bradford had decided it was time to move on from their basic range of cars and vans and their new managing director, Charles Reilly, placed an advertisement for a chief designer.  The name of the company was not mentioned in the advertisement but at the age of 30 Palmer applied for the job. He initially had doubts when he found out who he would be working for as it meant moving from the motor industry heartlands to a small company not specially renowned for innovation. Charles Reilly must have been impressed as he pursued Palmer and in January 1942. persuaded him to accept the offer.

Starting with a clean sheet, Palmer went on to design the Jowett Javelin.  Except for the gearbox and rear axle, Palmer designed all the parts for the car, including a new flat-four engine and unit body. The first prototype car was finished on 25 August 1944 and production started in late 1947 with cars reaching the first customers in 1948. The car was well received but was expensive and beyond the resources of the small Jowett company. There were problems with the engine and production volumes never reached the planned level. Body production had been outsourced to Briggs and they turned them out as ordered even though sales did not match resulting in a large stockpile and drain on Jowett's cash flow.

In 1949, Palmer left Jowett and returned to Morris where he took up the job of designer of a new range of cars for M.G., Riley and Wolseley. The results of this were the M.G. ZA Magnette and Wolseley 4/44.

In 1952, Palmer was made chief engineer of BMC where he oversaw the design and launch of the Riley Pathfinder and Wolseley 6/90, also being involved in the design of the MGA Twin-cam engine. He became a director but, in 1955, fell foul of chairman Leonard Lord and was dismissed. He was succeeded by Alec Issigonis.

Palmer then joined Vauxhall Motors, working with the team responsible for the Victor and Viva ranges. He retired in 1972 but did not give up on innovation. He claimed in his book, The Auto Architect, that he designed the Oxford Hoist, a device for assisting disabled people. Gerald Palmer also restored and competed in a Type 44 Bugatti and a 2-litre Mercedes-Benz.


1927 NYU Violets football team

The 1927 NYU Violets football team represented New York University in the 1927 college football season.

Schedule


Limca Book of Records

Limca Book of Records is an annual reference book published in India documenting human and natural world records.  The world records achieved by humans are further categorised in education, literature, agriculture, medical science, business, sports, nature, adventure, radio, and cinema with Limca book of Records rules.

Limca Book of Records is an extension of the Limca brand. Launched in India in 1990, it is the second book of records in the world after Guinness Book of World Records.

The Limca Book of Records is published annually in English.

History
Limca Book of Records was first published in 1990, when the Limca soft drink brand was owned by Parle Bisleri. It was initially created as for the Limca line of soft drinks which has been purchased by the Coca-Cola company. The book continued to be published by Coca-Cola. The Limca Book of Records annual world record reference book is now published with the patronage of Coca-Cola India which manufactures the soft drink Limca.

It was started originally by Ramesh Chauhan, who sold it to Coca-Cola in 1993. The current editor is Vijaya Ghose.

Editions
Its year 2006 edition was launched in New Delhi by Atul Singh, CEO of Coca-Cola India.

On September 25, 2007, a special edition of it was released by Coca-Cola to commemorate 60 years of India's independence.

On May 30, 2008, the 19th Edition was launched in New Delhi, India. Amit Mitra, secretary-general of the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) addressed the attendees in this event.

The 20th edition of this book was released by Amitabh Bachchan in March 2009. Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) chief G. Madhavan Nair also participated in this event.

The 21st text edition of the book was launched on March 29, 2011. As the sports achievers special edition, it pays special tribute to the Indian sportspersons in the 2010 Commonwealth Games and Asian Games.

The 25th edition marking the Silver Jubilee (25 years) of publication the book was launched on International Women’s Day in 2014.

The 26th edition of Limca Book of Records was launched at the Jaipur Literature Festival in January 2015.

The 27th edition of Limca Book of Records is The Specially Abled Edition in 2016.

People of the Year
Since 1992, Limca Book of Records has featured 'People of the Year'. A panel of judges (including the editorial team) selects people who have consistently contributed to 'Indian excellence'.

Other media

Coca-colaindia.com recently published an online Limca book of records archive featuring several landmark records set in India.

In 1996, the Indian national television channel Doordarshan telecast 19 episodes of Limca Book Of Records Ki Anokhi Duniya which were hosted by Siddharth Kak and featured events from the book.

In 2008, Star TV News Channel aired Limca Book of Records Wah India Show on Saturdays and Sundays from April to December.

Siddarth Kak made film Triumph of the Spirit about the Limca Book of Records. The film was broadcast by the National Geographic group Fox History and Entertainment channel in 2010.


Silence (2010 film)

Silence (ದಂಡುಪಾಳ್ಯದ ಹಂತಕರು, Daṃḍupāḷyada Haṃtakaru) is a Kannada movie film directed by Venugopal, starring Sharath Kumar, Nisha Shetty, Ramesh Bhat, Thriller Manju in the lead roles. The film is produced by M. Krishnamurthy with co-producers G. Krishamurhty, R. Appyaiah, Nagaraj Naidu under the banner of Sri Krishna Kumar Productions

Cast
Sharath Kumar
Ramesh Bhat
Vijanath Biradar
Thriller Manju
Nisha Shetty
Padmaja Rao

Soundtrack
The film's audio was released on 9 July 2010 in Coffee House Bangalore.


2007 Cricket World Cup warm-up matches

The 2007 Cricket World Cup warm-up matches were held prior to the 2007 Cricket World Cup, between 5 March and 9 March 2007. All 16 nations that were qualified to take part in the World Cup participated in a series of matches to prepare, experiment with different tactics and to help them acclimatise to conditions in the West Indies. The warm-up matches were not classified as One Day Internationals by the International Cricket Council (ICC), despite sharing some of main features of this form of cricket, but some of the playing regulations were different from standard internationals in order to allow teams to experiment. For example, the main change allowed for thirteen different players to play in a match – nine players being allowed to both bat and bowl, with two only being able to bowl and two only being able to bat – instead of the eleven players normally allowed.

Several of the teams voiced concerns of various matters involving the stadia and practicing facilities: many of the stadiums were considered incomplete, whilst some teams claimed that the pitches were uneven, resulting in an unsafe experience to be batting in. Ultimately none of the stadia used in the warm-up games were used in any other part of the tournament except for the Greenfield Stadium in Trelawny, Jamaica, which hosted the opening ceremony but no matches.

Australia, Bangladesh, India and Pakistan were the only teams to win both of their warm-up games, whilst Bermuda, Canada, the Netherlands and Scotland did not win either of their fixtures.

Match status
None of the warm-up games were officially recognised as ODIs or List A matches by the International Cricket Council due to various changes in the rules of the game. Whilst normally only 11 players are allowed to bat and field (excluding situations involving a substitute fielder), 13 players were used in each team's squad for the matches – 11 of which were allowed to field at one time and 11 of which were allowed to bat (meaning players could be swapped in and out when fielding or bowling, but two players did not bat in a match). In official ICC matches match referees are required to help officiate a game, but due to the changes in the rules none were appointed for any of the warm-up games. Additionally, Man of the Match awards were not given out and no reserve days were set for these matches.

Preparation problems

A number of preparation problems surfaced before the start of the World Cup. Some of the venues were not complete by the opening ceremony on 11 March 2007. At Sabina Park, seats had to be removed at the newly constructed north-stand due to safety concerns. At Trelawny Stadium in Jamaica, ground staff were unable to gain admission to the ground during the warm-up matches due to accreditation problems.

During the Pakistan and Canada warm-up match at Sir Frank Worrell Memorial Ground, the sight screen was knocked down and the game was delayed by over 70 minutes and reduced to 48 overs. Additionally, a tear gas canister exploded at the Trinidad hotel where the Pakistan, South Africa, Canada and Ireland teams were staying. The hotel had to be evacuated but no injuries were reported.

A number of concerns were expressed regarding the conditions of the pitches for the warm-up matches. During the Pakistan and South Africa warm-up game, the teams were unhappy with the condition of the pitch, claiming irregular bounce off the wicket was "treacherous". In addition, a number of teams expressed concern over the slow wickets used during the warm-up matches, although Cricinfo writer Sambit Bal welcomed the pitches slowing down as a method of making the battle between the batsmen and the bowlers more equal.

Schedule and results

Monday 5 March 2007

Tuesday 6 March 2007

Thursday 8 March 2007

Friday 9 March 2007

Aggregate results

Note: Due to the change in the rules for these matches, the results did not have any effect on the ICC ODI Championship table or the ICC Associate ODI rankings.


Non Sa-at District

Non Sa-at (, ) is a district (amphoe) in the southern part of Udon Thani Province, northeastern Thailand.

Geography
Neighboring districts are (from the north clockwise) Nong Saeng and Kumphawapi of Udon Thani Province, Kranuan, Nam Phong, and Khao Suan Kwang of Khon Kaen Province.

History
The minor district (king amphoe) was established on 21 January 1974, when the three tambons Non Sa-at, Pho Si Samran, and Bung Kaeo were split off from Kumphawapi District. It was upgraded to a full district on 12 April 1977.

Administration
The district is divided into six sub-districts (tambons), which are further subdivided into 63 villages (mubans). Non Sa-at is a township (thesaban tambon) which covers parts of tambon Non Sa-at. There are a further six tambon administrative organizations (TAO).


Bismuth subnitrate

#REDIRECT bismuth oxynitrate


Criminal Law Revision Committee

The Criminal Law Revision Committee of England & Wales was a standing committee of learned legal experts that was called upon by the Home Secretary to advise on legal issues and to report back recommendations for reform. While never formally abolished, it has been dormant since 1986 and superseded by the Law Commission.

Overview

The first committee was set up by Rab Butler in February 1959 ‘to examine such aspects of the criminal law...as the Home Secretary may from time to time refer to the Committee, to consider whether the law requires revision and to make recommendations’. While members worked on a voluntary basis, it subsequently published eighteen reports on numerous contentious legal issues. Although not all of the Committee's reports have been adopted by Parliament, many have had a great influence on UK legislation.

List of reports
First Report: Indecency with Children (Cmnd 835) (1959)
Second Report: Suicide (Cmnd 1187) (1960)
Third Report: Criminal Procedure (Insanity) (Cmnd 2149) (1963)
Fourth Report: Order of Closing Speeches (Cmnd 2148) (1963)
Fifth Report: Criminal Procedure (Jurors) (Cmnd 2349) (1964)
Seventh Report: Felonies and Misdemeanours (Cmnd 2659) (1965)
Eighth Report: Theft and Related Offences (Cmnd 2977) (1966)
Ninth Report: Evidence (written statements, formal admissions, and notices of alibi) (Cmnd 3145) (1966)
Tenth Report: Secrecy of Jury Room (Cmnd 3750) (1968)
Eleventh Report: Evidence (General) (Cmnd 4991) (1972)
Twelfth Report: Penalty for Murder (Cmnd 5184) (1973)
Thirteenth Report: Section 16 of the Theft Act 1968 (Cmnd 6733) (1977)
Fourteenth Report: Offences against the Person (Cmnd 7844) (1980)
Fifteenth Report: Sexual Offences (Cmnd 9213) (1984)
Sixteenth Report: Prostitution in the Street (Cmnd 9329) (1984)
Seventeenth Report: Prostitution: Off Street Activities (Cmnd 9688) (1985)
Eighteenth Report: Conspiracy to Defraud (Cmnd 9873) (1986)

The seventh report was implemented by the Criminal Law Act 1967 and the Criminal Law Act (Northern Ireland) 1967. The eighth report was implemented by the Theft Act 1968 and the Theft Act (Northern Ireland) 1969.


Galaxy Opal

The Galaxy Opal is the world's largest polished opal, certified by the Guinness Book of World Records in 1992. It was found at the Boi Morto Mine in north eastern Brazil in 1976. It is today part of a private collection. The finished opal weighs approximately 3,749 carats, or 0.75 kg. It was carved from a grapefruit-sized piece of rough stone weighing 5,205 carats by Scott Cooley into a shape resembling a child's head. The weight of the finished stone was beyond the capacity of any gem measuring scale at the Gemological Institute of America and an approximation of its weight in carats had to be determined using a postal scale. The stone measures 14.0 x 10.2 x 4.1 cm (5-1/2 x 4 x 1-5/8 in).


Frunzyenski District

Frunzienski District (; ) is an administrative subdivision of the city of Minsk, Belarus. It was named after Mikhail Frunze and is the most populated district of the city.

Geography
The district, the biggest in Minsk, is situated in the western area of the city and borders with Centraĺny and Maskoŭski districts.

Transport
Frunzyenski is served by the subway line "Aŭtazavodskaja". It is also crossed by the beltway "MKAD".


FIL World Luge Championships 1990

The FIL World Luge Championships 1990 took place in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Men's singles

Hackl becomes the first person to win the world championships in consecutive years in this event.

Women's singles

Men's doubles

Mixed team

Medal table


The Katy Sun

The Katy Sun is a weekly newspaper distributed to more than 28,000 households in four ZIP codes, west of Houston, Texas, and south of the Katy Freeway.


Keokee Store No. 1

Keokee Store No. 1, also known as the Keokee High School Gymnasium and Darnell's Store, is a historic company store located at Keokee, Lee County, Virginia.  It was built in 1910, by the Stonega Coke and Coal Company, and is two-story, gambrel-roofed stone building that has been altered both internally and externally from a community store into a school gymnasium.  It was significantly modified in 1939, and the modifications continued through 1954.  The building serves as a facility for athletic, educational, and entertainment activities.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.


East Gippsland Football League

The East Gippsland Football League is an Australian rules football League in the East Gippsland region of Victoria, Australia.

History
The East Gippsland FL in its present incarnation began in 1974 with the merger of the Gippsland Football League and the Bairnsdale District Football League.  The league has had a number of clubs fold, merge, leave and return over its history, due partly to changing economic circumstances in the area, with areas such as Orbost losing large amounts of their population.

At one stage in the 1980s, the league divided its clubs into two divisions, due to a desire to avoid weekly 40-goal drubbings for the weaker clubs. In 1984 the league had two divisions of five clubs each, both divisions having a club with a bye every week, this move enabling the league to save costs on umpiring.

However, in 1985 Wy Yung got promoted to first division, so the league then had six and four. The second division broke away in 1986 to form the Riviera Football League, together with some clubs who had left the North Gippsland Football League.  After the Riviera FL disbanded in 2004, Paynesville was the only East Gippsland member club to return to the EGFL, with West Bairnsdale having folded in the interim, and Lindenow South and Swan Reach instead opting to join the Omeo & District Football League.

In 2011, the league dropped back to six clubs, with Bairnsdale returning to the Gippsland Football League.  In 2012 season the league grew to again feature 7 clubs, with Stratford announcing that they would leave the North Gippsland Football League and join the EGFL.  Boisdale-Briagolong followed suit in 2015, bringing the league to eight clubs.

Timeline

Clubs

Current

Previous

Leading Goal Kickers

2011 Ladder

2012 Ladder

2013 Ladder

2014 Ladder

2015 Ladder

2016 Ladder


1931 in science

The year 1931 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

Astronomy
 French astronomer Bernard Lyot invents the coronagraph.

Chemistry
 Erich Hückel proposes Hückel's rule, which explains when a planar ring molecule will have aromatic properties.
 Harold Urey and associates at Columbia University demonstrate the existence of heavy water.

Earth sciences
 Modified Mercalli intensity scale introduced as a seismic scale for earthquakes in the United States.

History of science
 Het Nederlandsch Historisch Natuurwetenschappelijk Museum ("The Dutch Historical Museum of the Natural Sciences") opens in Leiden.

Mathematics
 January – Kurt Gödel's "On Formally Undecidable Propositions..." is published in Monatshefte für Mathematik.

Medicine
 December 3 – The drug Alka-Seltzer is placed on the market.
 Adolf Butenandt discovers androsterone.
 John Haven Emerson and August Krogh introduce new forms of negative pressure ventilator.
 The first electroencephalography is performed by Hans Berger in Germany.
 Lucy Wills, working in India, demonstrates that anemia in pregnancy can be reversed using brewer's yeast.

Physics
 November 26 – Harold Urey discovers deuterium by the fractional distillation of liquid hydrogen.
 Ernst Ruska and Max Knoll build the first prototype electron microscope.
 Paul Dirac proposes that the existence of a single magnetic monopole in the universe would suffice to explain the quantization of electrical charge.

Technology
 May 27 – Swiss-born scientist Auguste Piccard and his assistant, engineer Paul Kipfer, taking off from Augsburg, Germany, reach a record altitude of  in a balloon with a pressurized gondola, gathering data on the upper atmosphere and measuring cosmic rays, the first human flight into the stratosphere.
 October 5 – American aviators Clyde Edward Pangborn and Hugh Herndon, Jr., complete the first non-stop flight across the Pacific Ocean, from Misawa, Japan, to East Wenatchee, Washington, in 41½ hours.
 October 24 – The George Washington Bridge across the Hudson River in the United States is dedicated; it opens to traffic the following day. At , it nearly doubles the previous record for the longest suspension span in the world.
 December 14 – British electronics engineer Alan Blumlein of EMI submits a UK patent application for "Improvements in and relating to Sound-transmission, Sound-recording and Sound-reproducing Systems" – binaural or stereophonic sound.
 László Bíró first exhibits his ballpoint pen, in Budapest.
 George Beauchamp invents the electric guitar.
 John H. Sharp of Chicago files the first patent for a torque wrench.
 Construction of the Hoover Dam begins on the Colorado River in the United States (chief designing engineer: John L. Savage).

Other events
 January 3 – Albert Einstein begins doing research at the California Institute of Technology, along with astronomer Edwin Hubble. In October the Caltech Department of Physics faculty and graduate students meet with Einstein as a guest.
 November 21 – Release of James Whale's film of Frankenstein in New York, with electrical effects designed by Kenneth Strickfaden.

Awards
 Nobel Prizes
 Chemistry – Carl Bosch, Friedrich Bergius
 Medicine – Otto Heinrich Warburg

Births
 January 20 – David Lee, American physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics.
 January 28 – Chen Xingbi (died 2019), Chinese electronics engineer.
 February 10 – Carl Rettenmeyer (died 2009), American biologist specialising in army ants.
 March 22 – Burton Richter, American physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics.
 March 25 – John A. Eddy (died 2009), American astronomer.
 May 25 – Georgy Grechko (died 2017), Soviet Russian cosmonaut.
 May 31 – John Robert Schrieffer (died 2019), American physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics.
 June 27
 David Mervyn Blow (died 2004), English biophysicist.
 Martinus J. G. Veltman, Dutch physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics.
 August 15 – Richard F. Heck (died 2015), American chemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
 August 20 – Ayhan Ulubelen, Turkish natural product chemist.
 August 23 – Hamilton O. Smith, American microbiologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
 August 30 – Jack Swigert (died 1982), American astronaut.
 September 10 – Idelisa Bonnelly, Dominican marine biologist.
 September 27 – W. Maxwell Cowan (died 2002), South African neuroanatomist.
 September 29 – James Watson Cronin (died 2016), American nuclear physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics.
 October 6 – Riccardo Giacconi, Italian-born physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics.
 October 12 – Ole-Johan Dahl (died 2002), Norwegian computer scientist, pioneer of object-oriented programming.
 October 15 – A. P. J. Abdul Kalam (died 2015), President of India and rocket scientist.

Deaths
 January 1 – Martinus Beijerinck (born 1851), Dutch microbiologist and botanist.
 February 3 – Herman Frederik Carel ten Kate (born 1858), Dutch anthropologist.
 February 11 – Sir Charles Parsons (born 1854), British inventor of the steam turbine.
 February 24 – Fanny Gates (born 1872), American physicist
 February 26 – Otto Wallach (born 1847), German chemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
 May 9 – Albert A. Michelson (born 1852), Polish American physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics.
 May 23 – Aldred Scott Warthin (born 1867), American cancer geneticist.
 September 20 – Joan Beauchamp Procter (born 1897), English herpetologist.
 October 8 – General Sir John Monash (born 1865), Australian civil engineer.
 October 17 – Alfons Maria Jakob (born 1884), German neuropathologist.
 October 18 – Thomas Edison (born 1847), American inventor.
 November 27 – Sir David Bruce (born 1855), Scottish microbiologist.


Matt Haggarty

Matthew Haggarty is an English rugby league footballer who most recently played for the North Wales Crusaders in the Kingstone Press League 1, as a .

He is on a season long loan from St. Helens.


Canon obusier

The Canon-obusier (literally "Shell-gun cannon", "gun-howitzer") was a type of cannon developed by France in the 1850s. The canon-obusier was a smoothbore cannon using either explosive shells, solid shot, or canister, and was therefore a vast improvement over previous cannon firing only solid shot, such as the Gribeauval system.

The very first canon-obusiers were naval shell guns, invented in 1823 by Paixhans and introduced in the French Navy in 1842. This invention was related to the origin of the development of the Dahlgren shell gun in the United States in 1849.

The French Army introduced the canon-obusier de 12 in 1853. The US version of this type of canon-obusier, commonly called the "12-pounder Napoleon Model 1857", was one of the most-used cannon in the American Civil War. Over 1,100 of these "Napoleons" were manufactured by the Union, and 600 by the Confederacy.

The canon-obusier de 12 followed rifled cannon of the Treuille de Beaulieu system which had been introduced in 1858.

The term "Canon-obusier" remained in use after World War I to designate various gun howitzers of the French Army.


OR11L1

Olfactory receptor 11L1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OR11L1 gene.

Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. The nomenclature assigned to the olfactory receptor genes and proteins for this organism is independent of other organisms.


Fishersgate railway station

Fishersgate railway station is a railway station in West Sussex, England, serving the area of Shoreham by Sea known as Fishersgate east of its Southwick part as well as parts of Portslade within Brighton and Hove City Council in the ceremonial county East Sussex. The station is operated by Southern and is  down the line from Brighton.

Location
The station is unusually close to a major boundary, one which is urban with no nearby buffer zones – immediately east of the station is the Vale Park part of Portslade and higher Portslade Village for which this is the nearest station. Fishersgate itself amounts in its mainland residential part to an outlying part of either that greater community, discounting its community church, or the east end of Southwick, having its football stadium much closer to the station than Southwick railway station for example.  The east arm of Shoreham Harbour is metres from the English Channel here, separated by a breakwater spit with warehouses, storage/loading yards, affording some unobstructed views out to sea. The west extreme of the spit of land closer to Southwick has a small non-nuclear power station and a small sewage works bolstering local employment, and Fishersgate has a fuel depot and some dock buildings.

History
The station was opened by the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway on 3 September 1905, and was originally named Fishersgate Halt. On 5 May 1969 it was renamed Fishersgate.

There is step-free access to both platforms.

The station is operated by Southern and is on the West Coastway Line. It has no ticket office, instead, a cash or credit card ticket machine.

Services
As of 2015, the standard off-peak train services are:

2tph to
2tph to

On Sundays, one of the West Worthing services extend to Portsmouth Harbour and the other extends to Southampton Central.


Beagle Terrier

The Beagle A.61 Terrier is a British single-engined monoplane built by Beagle Aircraft.

Development

The Auster Aircraft Company purchased a large number of former British Army Auster aircraft during the late 1950s. These were Auster AOP.6, T.7 and T.10 aircraft which were updated and modified with a de Havilland Gipsy Major 10-1-1 engine.  Initially two versions were offered for sale in the civilian market from 1960:

 Auster 6A Tugmaster – a utility and glider towing aircraft
 Auster 6B – a three-seat luxury version. When the company became part of Beagle Aircraft in 1960, the Auster 6B was renamed the Beagle A.61 Terrier 1.

In 1962 the Beagle A.61 Terrier 2 was introduced with a greater span tailplane, wheel spats and a metal propeller.

The Terrier was not an economic success for the manufacturer as it was found that more man-hours were spent on rebuilding each aircraft after its military use than were spent in building the new aircraft for the Army. It was also out-dated as, by 1961, most competing manufacturers were introducing new designs which were all-metal, with tricycle undercarriages and powered by more modern engines such as Lycoming or Continental (e.g. the Cessna 150 and the Piper Cherokee). However the Terrier has found many adherents among vintage light aircraft owner pilots. Examples of the type were purchased by owners in the United Kingdom, Eire, Germany, Netherlands, New Zealand and Sweden. 23 Terriers were registered in the UK in 2013.

Production
Terrier 1
Eighteen Terrier 1s conversions were built. The first conversion flew 13 April 1961 from Rearsby.
Terrier 2
Forty-Five Terrier 2s conversions were completed at Rearsby. A small number of airframes were converted subsequently to this standard by other companies.
Terrier 3
One Terrier 3 powered by a 160 hp Lycoming O-320-B2B engine was essentially complete at Rearsby when Terrier production was stopped in 1966.  In 1967, an incomplete Terrier 2 was modified to this standard by British European Airways engineering apprentices and registered G-AVYK.

Specifications (Terrier 2)


Avsey

Avsey () is a Russian male first name. There are several theories as to its origins. According to one, it is simply a colloquial variant of the name Yevsey. Another possibility is that "Avsey", as well as Asey () and Osey (), are colloquial variants of the name Absey (), alternatively spelled Apsey (), which until the end of the 19th century was included into the official Synodal Menologium. Finally, it is possible that "Avsey" derives from the Old East Slavic word "авсень"/"овсень" (avsen/ovsen), meaning New Year's Eve, which in ancient times corresponded to the first day of spring.

The diminutive of "Avsey" is Avseyka ().

The patronymics derived from "Avsey" are "" (Avseyevich; masculine) and its colloquial form "" (Avseich), and "" (Avseyevna; feminine). The patronymics derived from "Absey" are "" (Abseyevich; masculine) and "" (Abseyevna; feminine).


Ilex illustris

Ilex illustris is a species of plant in the family Aquifoliaceae. It is endemic to Peninsular Malaysia.


Index of physics articles (Z)

The index of physics articles is split into multiple pages due to its size.

To navigate by individual letter use the table of contents below.

Z

Z' boson
Z(4430)
Z-pinch
ZEPLIN-III
ZETA (fusion reactor)
ZEUS (particle detector)
ZINDO
ZPPR
Zakharov system
Zakharov–Schulman system
Zastruga
Zeeman effect
Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Physik
Zeitschrift für Physik C
Zeldovich pancake
Zemax
Zero-dispersion wavelength
Zero-energy universe
Zero-lift drag coefficient
Zero-mode waveguide
Zero-phonon line and phonon sideband
Zero-point energy
Zero differential overlap
Zero gravity (disambiguation)
Zero lift axis
Zero sound
Zeroth law of thermodynamics
Zeta function regularization
Zevatron
Ze'ev Lev
Zhang Jie (scientist)
Zhao Jiuzhang
Zhores Alferov
Zhou Guangzhao
Zhou Peiyuan
Zhu Guangya
Zhurnal Eksperimental'noi i Teoreticheskoi Fiziki
Zia Mian
Zimm–Bragg model
Zinc sulfide
Zinovii Shulman
Zip-cord
Zirconium alloy
Zitterbewegung
Zoltán Lajos Bay
Zonal and poloidal
Zonal flow (plasma)
Zone melting
Zone plate
Zone valve
Zoé (reactor)
Z Pulsed Power Facility
Zsolt Bor
Zubbles
Zygmunt Florenty Wróblewski
Zénobe Gramme


Totilawati Tjitrawasita

Totilawati Tjitrawasita (1945 – 1982) was an Indonesian journalist and writer.

She was born in Kediri, East Java and was assistant editor for the Japanese language magazine Jaya Baya. In 1970, she won the Zakse award for young journalists. Many of her stories were first published in Japanese. In 1977, she published a collection of short stories Sekolah Rakyat (School Crush); it received first prize for fiction from the Book of the Year Foundation. In 1979, she became an honorary citizen of Surabaya for her contributions to the arts, including membership on the city's arts council. In 1980, she took part in the International Writing Program at the University of Iowa.


Tolombeh-ye Reza Nakui Moqdam

Tolombeh-ye Reza Nakui Moqdam (, also Romanized as Tolombeh-ye Reẕā Nakū’ī Moqdam) is a village in Miyan Deh Rural District, Shibkaveh District, Fasa County, Fars Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its existence was noted, but its population was not reported.


Franciscan Sisters of Mary

The Franciscan Sisters of Mary is a Roman Catholic religious congregation of religious sisters based in St. Louis, Missouri, noted for its operation of SSM Health Care, a group of some 20 hospitals throughout the Midwestern United States. It was formed in 1987 from the merger of two related congregations that founded many of the hospitals.

Sisters of Mary

The Sisters of St. Mary (S.S.M.) was a Roman Catholic religious congregation for women based in St. Louis and founded by Mary Odilia Berger. She was born Anna Katherine Berger in Regen in the Kingdom of Bavaria. In 1858, she joined the Poor Franciscan Sisters of Pirmasens, which later became the Poor Franciscan Sisters of the Holy Family of Pirmasens, Germany, founded by the Blessed Paul Joseph Nardini, and was sent to beg in Paris.

In Paris she co-founded the Sisters Servants of the Sacred Heart in 1866 with the Abbé Peter-Victor Braun, but had to flee Paris when the city was besieged during the Franco-Prussian War. Berger spent several years in Elberfeld in the Rhineland, where she tried to start a new community with the same goals. Frustrated by the government's policy of Kulturkampf, she and four of her companions emigrated to St. Louis in 1872.

Their residence shared a door with St. Mary of Victories Church in downtown St. Louis. In 1874 they founded the Sisters of St. Mary under the Rule of the Franciscan Third Order Regular. In 1877 the congregation borrowed what was then the enormous sum of $16,000 in order to open St. Mary's Infirmary in St. Louis. In 1878 Berger sent a third of the members of the congregation to Canton, Mississippi, and Memphis, Tennessee, during a Yellow fever outbreak in those cities. Five young sisters died from the illness.

In 1912, at the request of several Madison physicians and local clergy, eight Sisters of Mary arrived from St. Louis, established a "Sisters' Hospital" for the city of Madison. St. Mary's Hospital opened its doors and its 70 beds on September 22, 1912.

Before 1946, there were few opportunities for women of color to obtain professional training in health care. That year St. Mary's Infirmary School of Nursing in St. Louis accepted qualified candidates from across the country.

Sisters of St. Francis of Maryville

The Sisters of St. Francis of Maryville (postnominal initials: S.S.M.) was a Roman Catholic religious congregation for women based in Maryville, Missouri, which followed the Rule of the Third Order of St. Francis. Their ministry was focused on medical care, so they founded hospitals in Missouri and Oklahoma.

The congregation was founded in 1894 when Mother Mary Augustine Giesen led six other sisters to Maryville from the St. Louis, Missouri motherhouse of the Sisters of St. Mary. They then became independent of that congregation, with Mother Augustine as the first Superior General. While the Sisters of St. Mary worked largely in the St. Louis urban area, the Sisters of St. Francis worked in more rural areas.

They founded St. Francis Hospital, the only hospital in the town and one of only two hospitals in the vast Platte Purchase area of northwest Missouri north of St. Joseph, Missouri (the other hospital is in Fairfax, Missouri). In 1898, they established St. Anthony Hospital, the first hospital in the Oklahoma territory.

In 1947, the order built its motherhouse, with its landmark yellow steeple, on a bluff overlooking the One Hundred and Two River. In 1963 they opened the Mount Alverno Academy for high school girls on land next to the motherhouse. The high school closed in 1971.

Merger
After the middle of the twentieth century, the two congregations began to shrink. In May 1985 the members of both congregations voted to merge. In August 1985 the sisters came together to form the Franciscan Sisters of Mary.

The sisters became early adopters of a focus on sustainability in their investments. The investment firm, Goldman Sachs, notes them among the earliest in a new trend among their clients divesting themselves from fossil fuels.

Concerned Maryville residents seeking to preserve the landmark motherhouse tower sought various uses for it. In 1995 the Missouri Department of Corrections bought the  grounds with the motherhouse and school for the minimum security Maryville Treatment Center that began operations in 1996.

In 2010, the 80-year-old convent was vacated at St. Mary's Hospital in the Richmond Heights suburb of St. Louis, as the sisters moved to smaller quarters or a retirement home.

Twenty hospitals and two nursing homes founded by the congregation are now operated as SSM Health Care (SSMHC) in Illinois, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Wisconsin.


Sirovine

Sirovine is a village in the municipality of Ilijaš, Bosnia and Herzegovina.


Weatherbox (album)

Weatherbox is a five-CD limited-edition box set by David Sylvian, released in 1989. Only 5000 copies were produced. The set comprises Sylvian's first four albums: Brilliant Trees, Alchemy: An Index of Possibilities, Gone to Earth and Secrets of the Beehive; and was, at the time, the only way to acquire all of the songs from Gone to Earth on compact disc.

Weatherbox is notable for giving each disc entirely new artwork based around the classical elements. The second half of Gone to Earth was retitled Gone to Earth Instrumental for this box set. The song "Preparations for a Journey" from Alchemy was removed, despite being part of the original album, and replaced by two tracks issued as B-sides to the "Pop Song" single. Gone to Earth was quietly remastered for Weatherbox. Also, the re-recorded "Forbidden Colours (Version)" included on the original CD of Secrets of the Beehive was removed.

The art for Weatherbox was designed by Russell Mills and Dave Coppenhall, and included a poster featuring Sylvian's discography on one side and art by Russell Mills on the other. The liner notes for Weatherbox were provided by Steve Lake, with photos by Russell Mills and Alistar Thain. A Japanese edition of the box set, with an additional 54-page booklet designed by Shinro Otake and Katsuhiro Kinoshita and the lyrics are printed both in Japanese and English, was also produced.

Track listing

Weatherbox Sampler
A CD sampler was released to promote the box set and is now itself a collectors item. It is housed in a slip-cased slimline jewel case and is notable for containing "Pop Song", a song that was not included in the box set itself, but released as a stand-alone single around the same time. "Pop Song" was later included on the compilations Everything and Nothing and A Victim of Stars 1982-2012.


Luckunnodu

Luckunnodu () is a 2017 Telugu-language action comedy film directed by Raj Kiran. The film stars Vishnu Manchu and Hansika Motwani. It marks the acting debut of producer M. V. V. Satyanarayana as a villain.

Synopsis
A gangster robs a bank, but another person steals his theft and hands the bag full of money to Lucky, a young man. Frustrated and restless, the man is determined to regain the possession of his loot.

Cast
Vishnu Manchu as Lucky
Hansika Motwani as Positive  Padma
M.V.V. Satyanarayana as JK, a Mumbai-based business man
Vennela Kishore  as the C.E.O. of Kony Solutions
Tanikella Bharani as Padmarao, Padma's Father
Raghu Babu as Lucky's Uncle
Jayaprakash as Bhakthavatsalam, Lucky's Father
Posani Krishna Murali as Shaik Nayeem
Suresh
Satyam Rajesh
Thagubothu Ramesh
Fish Venkat
Prabhas Sreenu as Pulihora, a thief
Mohan Babu as himself in the song "What Da F"

Production
Director Raj Kiran, who was known for directing the film Geethanjali announced his next project with Vishnu Manchu in the lead role. The name Luckunnodu was finalized after previous movies with similar names had been successful due to their catchy names including Speedunnodu and Sarrainodu. Hansika Motwani was selected to play the female lead opposite Vishnu, marking her third collaboration with him after Denikaina Ready and Pandavulu Pandavulu Tummeda.

Soundtrack
Praveen Lakkaraju composed all of the music except for one song, "Ravera", which was composed by Achu Rajamani. All the songs were released under the Silly Monks Music label with the song "O Siri Malli" being released under the Sony Music label.

Release
Luckunnodu released in January 2017 and was expected to clash with Yamudu 3. This film was saved at box office as the latter's release date was postponed.


Therese von Zandt

Anna Therese Friederike von Zandt zu Reichartshausen (18 June 1771 – 26 December 1858) was a German pianist and singer. She was the mother of the composers Friedrich Burgmüller and Norbert Burgmüller.

Life

Born in Düsseldorf, Zandt was the youngest daughter of the married couple

 Johann Gerhard Franz Freiherr von Zandt (18 November 1740 in Mannheim – 18 March 1807 in Düsseldorf-Karlstadt), last Major General of the Cavalry, and
 Maria Sophia Reichsfreiin von Lindenfels (8 September 1745 in Schloss Wolframshof near Kastl – 28 November 1802 in Düsseldorf).

Her mother was accepted in 1795 into the Order of the Starry Cross; Therese was from 1783 to 1805 a Stiftsdame of the aristocratic liberal  in Westphalia. She initially continued to live in Düsseldorf, where she was mentioned as a singer in a concert on 11 January 1792, staged by Ferretti, in which she performed two bavura arias and two further vocal performances.

From 1792 to 1794, she was a pupil and lover of her husband-to-be Friedrich August Burgmüller. When her parents discovered the relationship, they banned him. Afterwards, she probably lived in Leipzig, temporarily also in Vienna. She met Burgmüller again on 25 August 1804 in Regensburg. On 13 May 1805, they were married, and in 1807 the couple moved to Düsseldorf.

She was a sought-after piano teacher for pupils from "the first families of the city", according to Wolfgang Müller von Königswinter. From 1838 she advocated the publication of compositions left by her son Norbert and sold some to Friedrich Hofmeister Musikverlag in Leipzig. The contract was signed on 17 September 1841.

Presumed relationship with Beethoven
The Beethoven scholar Klaus Martin Kopitz put forward the thesis that Zandt worked from 1798 for the Leipzig paper Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung, edited by Friedrich Rochlitz, and that she was the author of those articles signed "Z...". She possibly travelled to Vienna in the autumn of 1803 and may have recommended to Beethoven the Fidelio-story, which Rochlitz had translated from French, for an opera. She was then possibly Beethoven's lover for even months - from 5 December 1803 to 5 July 1804. Ferdinand Ries, Beethoven's pupil from 1803 to 1805, mentions in his memoirs of Beethoven:

Beethoven could have meant Zandt, who according to Kopitz also wrote the address on the letter that Beethoven sent to Friedrich Rochlitz on 4 January 1804. In it, he informed him that he did not want to set a libretto sent by Rochlitz, but had just begun to set the Fidelio libretto to music. It's Beethoven's only known letter to Rochlitz.

A letter by Beethoven to the painter Joseph Willibrord Mähler, probably in December 1803, might also refer to Zandt:

Honour
In honour of Zandt, a "Theresen-Kabinett" was opened at Stift Asbeck in June 2018, where her family is also honoured.

Notes


Arms and the Man (1958 film)

Arms and the Man or Heroes () is a 1958 West German historical comedy film directed by Franz Peter Wirth and based on the play of the same name by George Bernard Shaw. It was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. It was also entered into the 1959 Cannes Film Festival.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Hermann Warm. It was shot at the Bavaria Studios in Munich.

Plot
1865: Swiss captain Bluntschli fights as mercenary in the war between Bulgaria and Serbia. When his group's attacked by a few Bulgarian troopers, he learns that he's got the wrong ammunition for his cannon and has to flee. His flight leads him right into the bedroom of his enemy's fiancée.

Cast


Andrew Mead

Andrew M. Mead (born 1952) has been a Justice of the Maine Supreme Judicial Court since 2007. His current term expires in 2021.

Mead attended the University of Maine and New York Law School.

He has been a member of the Bangor law firms of Paine, Lynch & Weatherbee and Mitchell & Stearns. He is a past President of the Maine State Bar Association. He was appointed to the Maine District Court in 1990 and the Maine Superior Court in 1992. He served as Chief Justice of the Maine Superior Court from 1999 to 2001. He was appointed to the Maine Supreme Judicial Court in 2007. He has served as judicial liaison to the Maine Rules of Evidence Advisory Committee and chaired the Task Force on Electronic Court Records. He has been active in a number of court technology and jury reform initiatives. He is a member of the University of Maine adjunct faculty.


Ingrid Appelquist

Ingrid Appelquist (born February 21, 1931) is a Swedish female curler.

She is a .

Teams


Multireference configuration interaction

In quantum chemistry, the multireference configuration interaction (MRCI) method consists of a configuration interaction expansion of the eigenstates of the electronic molecular Hamiltonian in a set of Slater determinants which correspond to excitations of the ground state electronic configuration but also of some excited states. The Slater determinants from which the excitations are performed are called reference determinants. The higher excited determinants (also called configuration state functions (CSFs) or shortly configurations) are then chosen either by the program according to some perturbation theoretical ansatz according to a threshold provided by the user or simply by truncating excitations from these references to singly, doubly, ... excitations resulting in MRCIS, MRCISD, etc.

For the ground state using more than one reference configuration means a better correlation and so a lower energy. The problem of size inconsistency of truncated CI-methods is not solved by taking more references.

As a result of a MRCI calculation one gets a more balanced correlation of the ground and  excited states. For quantitative good energy differences (excitation energies) one has to be careful in selecting the references. Taking only the dominant configuration of an excited state into the reference space leads to a correlated (lower) energy of the excited state. The generally too-high excitation energies of CIS or CISD are lowered. But usually excited states have more than one dominant configuration and so the ground state is more correlated due to: a) now including some configurations with higher excitations (triply and quadruply in MRCISD);  b) the neglect of other dominant configurations of the excited states which are still uncorrelated.

Selecting the references can be done manually (), automatically (all possible configurations within an active space of some orbitals) or semiautomatically (taking all configurations as references that have been shown to be important in a previous CI or MRCI calculation)

This method has been implemented first by Robert Buenker and Sigrid D. Peyerimhoff in the seventies under the name Multi-Reference Single and Double Configuration Interaction (MRSDCI).

The MRCI method can also be implemented in semi-empirical methods. An example for this is the OM2/MRCI method developed by Walter Thiel's group.


Henry Minor Faser

Henry Minor Faser (January 21, 1882 - January 12, 1960) was an American academic administrator, life insurance business executive and political activist. He was the founding dean of the University of Mississippi School of Pharmacy, the vice president of the Lamar Life Insurance Company, and a supporter of the States' Rights Democratic Party's 1948 presidential campaign.

Early life
Henry Minor Faser was born on January 21, 1882 in Macon, Mississippi. He grew up in Winona, Mississippi, and he had a brother and a sister.

Faser graduated from the St. Louis College of Pharmacy in 1902. He was awarded a bachelor of science degree in Pharmacy from the University of Mississippi in 1925, and he served as the president of its alumni association in 1941.

Career
Faser began his career as a druggist in Oxford, Mississippi. He served on the Mississippi State Board of Pharmacy from 1904 to 1912, including as president in 1912. He was the founding dean of the School of Pharmacy at the University of Mississippi from 1908 to 1928. While the board of trustees approved the establishment of the school, it was Governor Edmond Noel who was convinced by Faser into funding it in 1908.

Faser served on the board of directors of the Bank of Oxford. He worked for the Penn Mutual in Jackson from 1928 to 1941, when he became vice president of the Lamar Life Insurance Company, also in Jackson, until 1952.

Politics
Faser was a supporter of states' rights. At the 1948 Democratic National Convention, he "stole the Mississippi flag from the balcony, [...], hid it under his coat, and led the state delegation when it marched out in a split with the national party." He was also "active" in the States' Rights Democratic Party, and he supported Strom Thurmond's 1948 presidential campaign alongside vice presidential candidate Fielding Wright.

Personal life, death and legacy
Faser married Linda Sultan, who predeceased him in 1952. They had a son, Henry Minor Faser, Jr., and a daughter, Emma Katherine Faser, who married architect Raymond Birchett. He resided at the King Edward Hotel in Jackson, Mississippi. He was "a Mason, a Knight Templar, a Shriner, and a member of the Presbyterian Church." His nephew was Chris Faser Jr..

Faser died on January 12, 1960 in Vicksburg, Mississippi. Faser Hall on the Ole Miss campus was named in his honor in 1970. His daughter bequeathed the "largest gift ever" to the University of Mississippi upon her death.

Works


Mary Stewart, Viscountess Mountjoy

Mary Stewart, Viscountess Mountjoy (1654–1720), formerly the Honourable Mary Coote, was the wife of William Stewart, 1st Viscount Mountjoy. She was the daughter of Richard Coote, 1st Baron Coote (1620-1683), and his wife, the former Mary St George.  Her brother was Richard Coote, 1st Earl of Bellomont.

The viscount and viscountess had six sons and two daughters, including:

 Sir William Stewart, 2nd Viscount Mountjoy (1675–1728), who married Anne Boyle, daughter of Murrough Boyle, 1st Viscount Blesington, on 23 November 1696.
 Alexander Stewart, who had one daughter, Anne Stewart, his sole heiress.
Mary Stewart (c. 1677–1765), who first married Archibald Preston (1672–1703). After his death, she married Vice Admiral George Forbes, 3rd Earl of Granard (1685–1765).
 Catherine Stewart, who married Arthur Davys (d. 1733), an Irish Member of Parliament, representing Carrickfergus in the Irish House of Commons.
 Charles Stewart (1681–1741), who became an officer in the Royal Navy and a Member of Parliament


Virginia State Route 113 (1923-1928)

REDIRECT Virginia State Route 63


Edith Haldeman

Edith Haldeman (April 17, 1905 – October 1984) was an American child actress of the early silent film era. She appeared in 36 films between 1909 and 1916.

She appeared in Native American films such as A Mohawk's Way (1910), and Red Man's View (1909), by D.W. Griffith. She stars along Claire McDowell in His Trust (1911).

Filmography


Coomera Indoor Sports Centre

Coomera Indoor Sports Centre is an Australian entertainment and sporting arena which was built on the Gold Coast, Queensland.

History and construction
On 12 November 2011, it was announced that the Gold Coast would host the 2018 Commonwealth Games. The Gold Coast bid included an indoor facility in Coomera that would hold a capacity of 2500 people and would host the Wrestling event. The bid also included the creation of the 7500-seat arena to be built in Southport. On 13 June 2014, the 2018 Commonwealth Games masterplan was finalised and the release revealed a new 7500-seat indoor arena to be built in Coomera. The arena will measure 10,000 square-metres and construction will be complete in 2016.

Sporting events
The arena hosted the netball and gymnastics events during the 2018 Commonwealth Games. On 7 July 2018 the arena hosted a Suncorp Super Netball match between the Queensland Firebirds and Melbourne Vixens, which is to this date the only domestic-league netball match to be held at the venue.


Palagi

Palagi (pronounced paalangi - singular) or papaalagi (plural) is a term in Samoan culture of uncertain meaning, sometimes used to describe foreigners. Tent and Geraghty (2001) comment that the origin of the Western Polynesian Papāalagi~Pālagi and the Fijian Vāvālagi~Pāpālagi remains a matter of speculation.

Papāalagi~Pālagi is a word in the Samoan language describing non-Samoans especially European westerners or Caucasians. In Samoa the term is used to describe foreigners. The word is both a noun e.g. a Palagi (European person) or an adjective e.g. Palagi house (non-traditional Samoan house). The word is a cognate in other Polynesian languages and has gained widespread use throughout much of western Polynesia, including in Tokelau, Tuvalu, 'Uvea and Futuna.

Written Pālagi or Papālagi in Samoan, and Papālangi or Pālangi in Tongan, the term Pālagi is also used in Niuean.

Use, meaning and origin of term
The etymology of the term Palagi is disputed. An explanation that emerged in the 19th century is that word is derived from the Polynesian rootwords "pa" (meaning: gates) and "lagi" (meaning: sky or heaven), hence the standard translation "gates of heaven" It has been suggested that the compound word comes from the Polynesian's reaction to seeing for the first time, European missionaries enter the country. Their skin being a different color made them think they were men sent from the gates of heaven. Tcherkézoff (1999) argues that such an interpretation is a European projection to explain Polynesian cosmology.

The explanation of Niuean word "Palagi", is that "pa" means bang such as that of a gun and "lagi" means sky, literally means bangs into the sky.  In "Papa-lagi" "papa" means more than one bang or many bangs, and "lagi" means sky.  In the olden days, Europeans who landed on Niue carried guns and often fired the guns into the sky, when they landed on the reef, to scare away potential trouble-making natives.

Jan Tent, a Macquarie University linguist, and Dr. Paul Geraghty, director of the Institute of Fijian Language and Culture in Suva, suggest that the word may have its origins in the travels of the Polynesians themselves. They believe that the Polynesian islanders may have encountered Malay travellers prior to contact with Europeans, and adopted the Malay word barang (meaning: imported cloth). These researchers also suggest another possible etymology - the Malay word for European, as used in the 17th and 18th centuries, was faranggi. However, they discount this possibility as the word palangi seems to have originally referred to cloth; only later was the word transferred to the people.

A possible alternative etymology for palangi is that is it derived from the Perso-Arabic term farangi, meaning "an outsider". The extent to which Arab traders explored the Pacific Islands, or that Pacific Island communities had contact with Muslim trades remains uncertain but Arab and Persian Muslim colonies were established in Indonesia and Malaysia starting around the 10th century AD. According to an unpublished paper by Prof. Bivar of the School of Oriental and African Studies, there is some textual evidence from Arab and Persian travelogues (cf. The Journeys of Sinbad in the One Thousand and One Nights) for contact between Muslim traders and Pacific islands prior to European discoveries and landfalls.

Recorded use
Captain Cook noted the expression "ko e vaka no papalangi" (the boats of Papalangi) in Tonga, with Cook's transcription being "Towacka no papalangie" and his translation as "cloth ships".

The specific origin of this term remains uncertain.  The term has gained widespread use throughout much of western Polynesia including Tokelau, Tuvalu, 'Uvea and Futuna, etc., with the expansion of use of the term being though to have occurred in the 18th century when Tongans, and to lesser extent Samoans, regularly interacted with white sailors, beachcombers, convicts, missionaries, and whalers who clearly delineated ethnoracial boundaries between themselves (papalagi/papalangi) and the Polynesians they encountered.

The missionary John Williams, of the London Missionary Society, records a speech in Samoa, in 1830, referring to the great powers of the "papalangis".

Louis Becke after having worked and travelled in the Pacific from 1869 to 1885 uses papalagi to mean a white person in stories set in what is now Tuvalu, The Rangers of the Tia Kua, Kennedy the Boatsteerer in which appears "The last native girl who occupied the proud position of Te avaga te papalagi (the white man's wife) was a native of the island of Maraki"; Samoa, A Basket of Bread-Fruit, At a Kava-Drinking in which appears "alii papalagi (white gentleman)" and "this wandering papalagi tafea (beachcomber)", The Best Asset in a Fool’s Estate in which appears  “the papalagi mativa (poor white)”; and the Tokelau, Challis the Doubter.

Modern usage
Largely because of the growing Pacific Islander culture in New Zealand, this word has been adopted by other Pacific cultures. Its usage in New Zealand's Pacific Islander media such as television and radio is common, and it is often used by the mainstream media to describe non-Samoans of European descent.

The term is now also used in New Zealand in a similar way to the Māori term Pākehā, but it is not restricted in referring to white people within Pacific-island surroundings. As with Pākehā, Samoans and Tongans initially applied palagi/palangi and papalagi/papalangi to whites of British derivation. Today, the Samoan term "gagana fa'a Palagi", the Tongan term "lea fakapālangi" and the Tuvaluan term "faka-Pālagi" still refer to the English language specifically, even though it is understood that many ethnic Europeans who are considered "palagi" do not speak English but rather German, French, Spanish, etc. While the term is generally applied to people of European ancestry as a means of differentiation or categorization, some feel the term is derogatory, especially when aimed pointedly toward half-caste Samoans or ethnic Samoans who were born and raised in western, metropolitan societies; "fia palagi" and "fie palangi" are commonly applied to ethnic Samoans and Tongans, respectively, who are viewed as favoring the "white man's" lifestyle or culture in lieu of traditional Polynesian modes of speech, dress, housing, interpersonal relations, etc.

Tcherkezoff (1999) comments,"Europeans are still called Papālagi in today's languages. In Samoan, it is an absolutely common everyday word, not in any way a metaphoric ceremonial expression used for special circumstances or used in [purely] derogatory/laudatory ways."


Gerald Moverley

Gerald Moverley (9 April 1922 - 14 December 1996) was the first Bishop of the Diocese of Hallam in Yorkshire from 30 May 1980 until July 1996 when he resigned due to ill health.

Born in Bradford, England, Gerald Moverley was ordained priest on 28 April 1946, aged 24, in Leeds.

Moverley earned a Doctorate of Canon Law at the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, Angelicum in 1954

Moverley was consecrated by Bishop William Gordon Wheeler. On 6 December 1967, aged 45, he was appointed Auxiliary Bishop of Leeds and Titular Bishop of Tinis in Proconsulari.

He died in 1996 as Bishop Emeritus of Hallam and was succeeded by Rt. Rev. John Rawsthorne on 3 July 1997.

He had been a priest for 50 years and a bishop for almost 29 years.


John Clinch

Rev. Dr. John Clinch (January 9, 1749 – November 22, 1819) was a clergyman-physician credited with being the first man to practice vaccination in North America.

Biography
He was born in Cirencester, England, one of twin children of Thomas Clinch of Bere Regis. In 1798 he gave the first smallpox vaccines at Trinity, Newfoundland. Clinch had attended school in Cirencester with Edward Jenner and both had then studied medicine under John Hunter.

Clinch has also compiled a glossary of the Beothuk language containing over 100 words.

He died in 1819 in Trinity, Newfoundland.


Edwin Ekiring

Edwin Ekiring (born 22 December 1983)  is a Ugandan badminton player, nicknamed "The Black Pearl".  He is  tall and weighs .

At the 2006 Commonwealth Games in Melbourne, Australia, Ekiring competed in the men's singles as well as the mixed team event. In the singles he was defeated in the first round, 17–21, 17–21 by Sri Lankan Dinuka Karunaratne. In Pool B of the mixed team event he won singles matches in fixtures against Jamaica and Kenya but lost matches to players from Australia and New Zealand. Playing with Abraham Wogute, he lost team doubles matches against Jamaica, Australia and New Zealand but beat the pair from Kenya as Uganda were eliminated from the competition at the pool stage.

Ekiring competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China, after being given a wildcard into the men's singles by the International Badminton Federation. He was the first badminton player to represent Uganda at the Olympics. He received a bye into the second round of the competition before losing 5–21, 8–21 to Park Sung-hwan of South Korea.

In 2009, Edwin Ekiring was involved in a serious road accident while cycling home from training in the Netherlands that left him with a fractured arm, ribs, ankle and right knee and doctors writing off his chances of ever playing sport again. The 28-year-old spiralled into a deep depression and feared he may never play badminton again but remarkably just eight months later he was back on court.

At the 2010 Commonwealth Games in Delhi, India, Ekiring reached the round of 16 in the men's singles event; he beat Sharafuddin Nasheeu of Maldives in the first round before losing two games to nil to Yong Zhao Ashton Chen of Singapore. In the men's doubles he competed with Abraham Wogute; the Ugandan duo beat a team from Seychelles in the first round before being eliminated by a pair from Singapore in the round of 16.

In 2012 Ekiring made it to the quarterfinals of the OCBC US Open. He beat Chetan Anand 21–16, 21–12 in the round of 16 before losing to number one seed Takuma Ueda from Japan 13–21, 12–21.

Ekiring was selected to compete for Uganda at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the men's singles after qualifying based on his world ranking. He did not make it past the group stages.  At the 2014 Commonwealth Games, he reached the second round, where he was defeated by R. V. Gurusaidutt, the eventual bronze medal winner.  He also took part in the men's doubles and mixed team events.

He was one of the 14 players selected for the Road to Rio Program, a program that aimed to help African badminton players to compete at the 2016 Olympic Games.

He competed at the 2018 Commonwealth Games in Gold Coast.

Badminton experience
 2-Olympic Games 2008 Beijing, China and 2012 London, United Kingdom
 2004-2008 Olympic Training Centre in Saarbrucken, Germany.
 2007-2008 Luxembourg
 2008-2009 Velo-Wateringen, The Hague, The Netherlands.
 2009-2012 BC Amersfoort, Amersfoort, the Netherlands, Eredivisie.
 2012-2013 Solingen, Germany, 2nd Bundesliga
 2013-2017 BC Amersfoort, Amersfoort, the Netherlands, Eredivisie.

Achievements

All-Africa Games
Men's singles

African Championships
Men's singles

BWF International Challenge/Series
Men's singles

2016- Bronze medal in South African international
2015- Bronze medal in Botswana international
2015- Bronze medal in South African international
2015- Bronze medal in Nigeria international
2015- Bronze medal in Ethiopia international
2015- Second round World Championships
2012- London Olympic Games Group F
2012- Quarter finals Grand Prix Gold US Open
2011- Bronze medal in Ethiopia international
2010- Second round Commonwealth Games 2010 New Delhi
2008- Second round Beijing Olympic Games
2008- Bronze medal in Nigeria international
2008- Bronze medal in Kenya International

Men's doubles

2017- Bronze medal in Uganda international
2014- Bronze medal in South African international
2008- Bronze medal in Nigeria international
2005- Bronze medal in Kenya International

 BWF International Challenge tournament
 BWF International Series tournament
 BWF Future Series tournament


Enterprise Europe Network

The Enterprise Europe Network provides support for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) with international ambitions. Co-funded by the European Union's COSME and Horizon 2020 programmes, the Network's aim is to help businesses innovate and grow internationally.

The Network is active in more than 60 countries worldwide. It brings together 3,000 experts from more than 600 member organisations, including:

 chambers of commerce and industry
 technology poles
 innovation support organisations
 universities and research institutes
 regional development organisations

Advice for international growth
Enterprise Europe Network advisory services support businesses seeking to expand into international markets. The services cover a wide range of regulatory areas and market intelligence:

 Compliance with EU regulations and standards (e.g. CE marking)
 Access to international markets – market intelligence and capacity building
 International public contracts –access to cross-border procurement and EU tender opportunities
 National and regional finance and funding – identification of sources of finance and investor-readiness training
 EU funding schemes and application support
Intellectual property rights (IPR) – patents and IPR applications and exploitation strategies
 Energy and resource efficiency –  identification of technologies and finance opportunities
 Management improvement – capacity building

Support for business innovation
Enterprise Europe Network innovation support services are available based on an assessment of the needs and development phase of the business.

At an entry level, Network services include:

 information on innovation-related policies, legislation and support programmes
 links with local innovation stakeholders
 information about access to local sources of funding/support

Network experts can provide one-to-one services to support innovation capacity building. Services include innovation audits, advice on intellectual property, marketing and access to finance.

Finally, the Network provides key account management services to businesses benefitting from the Horizon 2020 SME instrument programme, part of the European Innovation Council (EIC) pilot.

History
The Enterprise Europe Network was launched on 7 February 2008 by former EU Commissioner Günter Verheugen. The Enterprise Europe Network combines the previous Euro Info Centres and the Innovation Relay Centres. From 2008 to 2014, the Network was co-financed by the EU's Competitiveness and Innovation Framework Programme (CIP), in cooperation with institutions at national and regional levels. From 2015-2020, the Network is co-financed under the European Union's programme for the competitiveness of SMEs (COSME) and Horizon 2020.

Under the responsibility of the European Commission's Directorate-General for Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs, the Enterprise Europe Network is managed by the Executive Agency for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (EASME).

Media coverage
La rete Ue Een aiuti a 2,6 milioni pmi (ansa.it economia, Italy)

Pmi, supporto a 2,6 milioni aziende da rete Ue Een (ilsole24ore.com, Italy)

Apre alle start up la rete europea che aiuta le impresse a crescere (larepubblica.it, Italy)

Scots firms export their green-energy expertise to Chile (energyvoice.com, UK)

Start-ups: Learning to walk before you run (irishtimes.com, Ireland)

Irish companies to get free access to Europe's largest opportunities database (businesspost.ie, Ireland)

La UCLM informa a las pymes de opportunidades europeas en innovación (eldiario.es, Spain)

Les TPE pourront-elles bientôt exporter vers les Etats-Unis? (lesechos.fr, France)


Asia and Pacific Museum

The Asia and Pacific Museum in Warsaw was founded in 1973 based on a private collection of oriental art amassed and later donated to the Polish State by Andrzej Wawrzyniak - Polish sailor, diplomat, connoisseur and collector of Oriental art. After his return to Poland, he donated his collection, numbering over 3000 objects, to the Polish State. On that foundation, the Nusantara Archipelago Museum was created in Warsaw in 1973.

Because of its development and continuous enrichment with objects from other regions, in 1976 the Nusantara Archipelago Museum had been transformed and began a new span of life as the Asia and Pacific Museum in Warsaw of which Andrzej Wawrzyniak was assigned its director and curator-in-chief for a lifetime. Today the museum holds a collection of over 20 000 objects from Asia, Australia and Oceania.

Galeria

External links

 Official website (Polish)


John L. Ridgway

John Livzey Ridgway (28 February 1859, Mount Carmel, Illinois – 27 December 1947, Glendale, California) (also known as John Livsey Ridgway or John Livesy Ridgway) was an American scientific illustrator and brother of ornithologist Robert Ridgway.  Ridgway collaborated with his brother on ornithological illustration and published his own works. Ridgway was born in Mount Carmel, Illinois to David and Henrietta Reed Ridgway, and attended public schools in Illinois. Robert Ridgway brought him to work as a copyist and draftsman for the United States National Museum in the 1880s. Ridgway was a draftsman for the United States Geological Survey (USGS) from 1884–1918, and its chief illustrator from 1918–1920. He also worked for the Carnegie Institution of Washington. In 1920 he moved to California, where he worked for the  Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County and the California Institute of Technology, working for the latter institution up until his death.

John Ridgway illustrated several works in the fields of ornithology and paleontology. Notable among these were:
 Contributions to the Natural History of Alaska (1886)
 Report upon Natural History Collections Made in Alaska between the Years 1877 and 1881 (1887) .
Fish and game of the State of New York: Seventh Report Forest, Fish and Game Commission (circa 1901).
 A series of watercolors of eggs of North American birds that were used as the basis of chromolithographic plates in Charles Bendire's Life Histories (1892–1895)
 Illustrations of Pleistocene fossils at the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County (California) in the 1920s.

Ridgway authored Scientific Illustration (Stanford University Press, circa 1938) and The preparation of illustrations for reports of the United States Geological survey (USGS, 1920).

External links

Ridgway Family Papers at Utah State University
 Smithsonian Institution Archives
 —describes work on Bendire's Life Histories, work at Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County


Richard Donat

Richard Donat (born June 1, 1941) is a Canadian actor. Known for his work in Canadian and American television. He is well-known for playing the character Vince Teagues in the Canadian-American TV series, Haven. Donat is the younger brother of Peter Donat and the nephew of British actor Robert Donat.

Career
Donat has had a long career playing character roles mainly on television, though he has had roles in films such as Tomorrow Never Comes (1978), City on Fire (1979), Gas (1981), Draw! (1984), My American Cousin (1985), Samuel Lount (1985), American Boyfriends (1989), The Weight of Water (2000), The Event (2003) and Amelia (2009). He has also narrated several documentaries, including a number of Nova episodes.

Among his TV appearances, Donat was Doctor Burnley in the Canadian television series Emily of New Moon from 1998 to 2000. He played Colonel Boyle, the fort commander in the Canadian comedy series Blackfly for its two seasons, 2001–2002. Between 2010 and 2015 he played Vince Teagues, one of the editors of the local newspaper in the town of Haven from the TV series of the same name. Although Haven is supposed to be in Maine, the series is filmed in Nova Scotia where Donat hails from.

In 1984, Donat won a Dora Mavor Moore Award for "Outstanding Performance by a Male in a Leading Role" for his work in Brecht's In the Jungle of Cities. In 2007, he won a Merritt Award for "Outstanding Performance – Supporting Actor" for his role in Sam Shepard's Fool For Love.

Richard Donat is also a director and won the Mecca Award in 2004 for his direction of The Drawer Boy.


Radochów

Radochów  () is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lądek-Zdrój, within Kłodzko County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Prior to 1945 it was in Germany.

It lies approximately  west of Lądek-Zdrój,  south-east of Kłodzko, and  south of the regional capital Wrocław.

The village has an approximate population of 500.


Cummins School

The Cummins School is a historic former school building in Cincinnati, Ohio, United States.  Built in 1871 in the neighborhood of Walnut Hills, it was later used as a model for the construction of other city school buildings.

One of several Cincinnati school buildings designed by Samuel Hannaford, the Cummins School is a -story building.  Built of brick with a stone foundation, it is topped with an asphalt roof and includes other elements of stone.  Among its distinctive features are wrought iron stairways, ornamental wooden frames around the doors and windows, and wainscoting.  The building's general floor plan features a central hallway, with classrooms lining both sides.  The building as a whole was laid out in the shape of a double letter "E" to allow each room an increased amount of window space.  Besides classrooms, the interior was equipped with rooms such as a library, a laboratory, and an office for the principal.  One of the many forward-looking elements of its design was the heating system: although the building was originally heated with stoves, it was built to permit easy conversion to a steam-powered central heating system.  More than thirty years after the building's construction, it was expanded by the addition of a small Neoclassical structure on its rear.  The building as a whole was built in the Italianate style, similar to other Cincinnati schools built at the same time, such as the McKinley School on the city's east side.

The Cummins School was eventually used by Cincinnati Public Schools as a model for later construction, due to its useful and economical floor plan.  Its history paralleled that of the Eighteenth District School in the Camp Washington neighborhood; also a three-story Italianate brick building designed by Hannaford, it was erected in 1882 and expanded in 1908 and 1916.  Hannaford's company continued to design buildings for Cincinnati Public Schools into the early twentieth century, their strong reputation having been established by buildings such as Cummins.

In 1986, the Cummins School was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in recognition of its historically significant architecture.  It joined dozens of other Hannaford designs in Hamilton County that had been listed on the National Register in 1980, including the Eighteenth District School.  Five years later, the school was renovated at a cost of approximately $2,100,000.  Today, it is used as an office building.


Buckinghamshire Railway

The Buckinghamshire Railway was a railway company in Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire, England that constructed railway lines connecting Bletchley, Banbury and Oxford. Part of the route is still in use today as the Oxford to Bicester Line.

History

Origins
The origins of the Buckinghamshire Railway can be traced back to the gauge and territorial wars which took place in Buckinghamshire in the 1840s. The London and Birmingham Railway (L&B) had opened a standard gauge line from  to  on 16 October 1837, extending to Birmingham in September 1838. In June of that year, the Great Western Railway (GWR) opened the first part of its broad gauge line from  to Bristol and a further branch from  to  had been opened by June 1844. The GWR subsequently looked to expand beyond Oxford by depositing bills for the Oxford, Worcester and Wolverhampton Railway and the Oxford and Rugby Railway which would take it into the heart of the Midlands.

Seeking to prevent the GWR from annexing Buckinghamshire into its empire, the L&B, supported by the Midland Railway, countered with the London, Worcester and South Staffordshire Railway from Tring to Wolverhampton via Aylesbury. The scheme included loop lines from Bicester to Oxford and Banbury to Rugby. A third company, Mark Huish's Grand Junction Railway, supported the GWR's schemes as a means of forcing the London and Birmingham to merge with it; it proposed a Birmingham and Oxford Junction Railway which would join with the Oxford and Rugby at Fenny Compton. The GWR's schemes subsequently received Parliamentary approval, whilst the London and Birmingham was obliged to withdraw its proposal. The Grand Junction Railway's scheme was also passed, giving the GWR its route to Birmingham, and it merged with the L&B in 1846 to form the London and North Western Railway (LNWR). The remains of the loop lines became the Buckingham and Brackley Junction Railway and the Oxford and Bletchley Junction Railway.

Authorisation
Three bills were presented to Parliament in 1846-47 for the formation of railway companies to construct the relics of the thwarted L&B and LNWR ambitions in Buckinghamshire. The first two bills were for the establishment of the Buckingham and Brackley Junction Railway and the Oxford and Bletchley Junction Railway to construct lines from Bletchley to Oxford via Winslow and Bicester, and another from a point near Claydon House to Brackley and Buckingham. The third bill was for the amalgamation of the two companies into the Buckinghamshire Railway and the authorisation of an extension from Buckingham to Banbury. The bills were passed and, under the direction of the LNWR, the Buckinghamshire Railway was formed on 22 July 1847. The second Duke of Buckingham was chairman until he encountered financial difficulties and was replaced by Sir Harry Verney, with Buckingham's son, the Marquess of Chandos, taking a seat on the board.

Later history
Robert Stephenson was employed to construct the line, with Thomas Brassey as the civil engineering contractor. The line opened between Bletchley and Banbury (via Verney Junction) on 30 March 1850, and between Verney Junction and Oxford on 20 May 1851. The line was worked by the LNWR, which originally leased the line, eventually absorbing the Buckinghamshire Railway on 21 July 1879.

The Buckinghamshire Railway made modest profits until its valuable freight was re-routed through Oxford and Didcot, leaving it to sink into losses from which it never re-emerged. It continued until the Chairman of the LNWR, Richard Moon, was elected to the board on 23 February 1878 and by 15 July in the same year the company's shares had been consolidated with those of the LNWR.

In 1879, the LNWR also absorbed the Bedford Railway which had constructed a line between Bletchley and . It had already absorbed the Bedford and Sandy Railway in 1865, which had constructed a line between Bedford and .

Present status
The line between Oxford and Cambridge was subsequently known as the Varsity Line and that between Banbury and Bletchley was worked as a separate line, the Banbury to Verney Junction Branch Line. The second line closed to all traffic by the end of 1966, while the Bedford to Cambridge section of the first line was closed as from the beginning of 1968. The section from Bedford to Bletchley remains as the Marston Vale Line and that between Oxford and Bicester was closed, but reopened to passenger traffic in 1986.

Plans

, the Bicester Village - Oxford section of the line is in operation. By 2025, the line is scheduled to reopen through Bletchley as far as Bedford, with a new station at . In the longer term, the route to Cambridge via  is to be re-established, albeit using a new route because the trackbed of the former Varsity Line has been built over.