Gloria (Umberto Tozzi song)

"Gloria" () is a 1979 love song that became an international hit. The song was originally written and composed in Italian by Umberto Tozzi and Giancarlo Bigazzi, and afterwards translated to English by Jonathan King. A 1982 cover version by American singer Laura Branigan sold over one million singles in the United States alone.

Umberto Tozzi version

Background
Umberto Tozzi first recorded "Gloria" in 1979; that summer the song stayed on the Italian Top-10 chart for sixteen weeks, six of them at number 2. The song stayed four weeks at number 1 in both, Switzerland and – in a translated version – Spain. That same year saw Tozzi's "Gloria" achieve hit status in Austria at number 4, Belgium at number 3, the Netherlands at number 21, France at number 3, and Germany where the track reached number 8.

Tozzi's "Gloria" is a love song, as is the first English rendering of the song, recorded by its original English-language lyricist, Jonathan King, in November 1979; Tozzi later recorded and performed King's translated version of "Gloria". He also re-recorded the song with Trevor Veitch's and Laura Branigan's English lyrics; this version appears on his 2002 release, The Best of Umberto Tozzi.

In 2011, the song was brought up to date with a set of new house mixes by Alex Gaudino and Jason Rooney. The music video stars Umberto and Natasha Tozzi.

Tozzi's original version of "Gloria" was a soundtrack selection for two distinct films in 2013, The Wolf of Wall Street and Gloria.

Lyrical content
In his song of Jonathan King's translated lyrics, Tozzi, who takes the role of the song's main character, tells that he is dreaming about an imaginary woman named Gloria. He describes his living days as misery, but when he dreams of Gloria, he says his nights are liberty. The protagonist describes Gloria as his queen imagination that comes from his fascination, not from any kind of fantasy. He further elaborates that he has always set Gloria free from him, just as he has set freedom from reality. He then tells that his friends think he is crazy, but he argues his point that they have never met Gloria (so far, he has no proof of her actual existence); but one day when he finds her, he says his friends will talk about Gloria's beauty and her loyalty. To accomplish the goal of realizing his dreams despite everyone else's protests, the protagonist sets all his life to search for Gloria until he meets her in reality, and then promises to hold her, to touch her, and to keep her because he loves Gloria.

Track listings

Personnel
Umberto Tozzi - vocals, chorus
Greg Mathieson - conductor, piano, keyboards
Barry Morgan - drums
Mats Björklund - guitar
Les Hurdle - bass
Filarmonica Di Monaco - strings
Euro Cristiani - chorus

Charts

Laura Branigan version

Background
Atlantic Records' managing director Doug Morris suggested that Laura Branigan work with producer Jack White, who suggested that she record an English version of Tozzi's hit "Gloria". Branigan recalled that on hearing the Tozzi track, "We gave it the American kick and rewrote the lyrics and off she went." Branigan's remake of "Gloria" was co-produced by White with Greg Mathieson, who had been the arranger of, and the keyboardist on Tozzi's original song, while also being the primary keyboardist on the Branigan album.

Branigan told People magazine that she and her producers had at first attempted an English version of Tozzi's "Gloria" in the romantic mode of the original, changing the title to "Mario", but that this seemed ineffective. Ultimately, Branigan recorded an English re-invention of "Gloria" as a character study of, in her words, "a girl that's running too fast for her own steps", the cover lyrics of which were written by Trevor Veitch, the contractor for the Branigan album, to which he also contributed guitar work; while Branigan also did her part in co-writing of the cover song's lyrics.

In 2003, Branigan characterized "Gloria" as "Certainly my signature song. And I always get the same reaction wherever I go, and whenever I perform it ... I have to end every show with that song, and people just go crazy."

Branigan later released a Hi-NRG re-recording of the song just a few months before her death. "Gloria 2004" was released with several remixes on April 26, 2004.

Popular success
"Gloria" attained its highest profile via a re-working featured on the 1982 album Branigan, the first released album by Branigan. Although another selection, "All Night with Me", was chosen as the album's lead-off single, Branigan also performed the cover song during her promotional TV appearances at the time of the album's release in early 1982, and that track was released as a single in the summer, first becoming a disco favorite, and gradually accruing radio support to debut on the pop charts in July 1982. The single reached number 2 on the Billboard Hot 100 on November 27, behind Lionel Richie's "Truly", and remained there in the following two weeks, through December 11—when Richie had been supplanted by Toni Basil's "Mickey".

"Gloria" earned Branigan a nomination for the Best Pop Vocal Performance Female Grammy Award for the year 1982. The song remained in the Top 40 for 22 weeks, and its total Hot 100 residency of 36 weeks established a new record for a single by a solo female act, breaking the previous record mark. Cashbox magazine's Top 100 ranked "Gloria" at number 1. Certified platinum for sales of one million in the United States alone, "Gloria" was also an international success, most notably in Australia where it held the number 1 position for seven consecutive weeks, from February 7 to March 21, 1983. "Gloria" also took Branigan to the Top-10 charts in Canada at number 1, the United Kingdom at number 6, Ireland at number 4, South Africa at number 9, New Zealand at number 6, and number 36 in Italy.

Notable inclusions
Branigan's cover of "Gloria" appeared in the musical drama Flashdance in 1983, though it was not included in the film's soundtrack. In a nod to her hit, Branigan's rendition of "Santa Claus Is Coming to Town" performed on the Solid Gold Christmas special featured the background vocalists singing the name "Gloria", evoking both Branigan's signature song and the Latin refrain of the Christmas carol "Angels We Have Heard on High."

Branigan guest starred as the lead singer of an all-female band in the February 20, 1983 episode of CHiPs titled "Fox Trap," in which she lip-synced to her version of "Gloria."

Branigan's "Gloria" was featured in the 2006 video game Grand Theft Auto: Vice City Stories on the in-game pop radio station "Flash FM".

The song appears as a cassette tape in Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain, both prequels set in the early 1980s.

The song has been used in Seth MacFarlane's animated TV series Family Guy, American Dad!, and The Cleveland Show.

An excerpt of the song was performed by Debbie Reynolds on Will & Grace in the season 3 episode, "Lows in the Mid-Eighties"

The cover song was also incorporated into the score of Flashdance the Musical in a scene where the character named Gloria performs a pole dance routine; sung by Djalenja Scott and Carryl Thomas in Ruthie Stephens' 2008–09 national tour of the musical, and by Twinnie-Lee Moore and Hannah Levane in the 2010–11's play at West End theatre, where Charlotte Harwood assumed the role of Gloria.

At the end of the trailer for the post-apocalyptic comedy series The Last Man on Earth, Phil Tandy, who at the time happens to be the last person alive, sings "Gloria" on a megaphone as a desperate call for contact with a woman.

Lea Michele, Naya Rivera and Adam Lambert covered this version in the Glee episode "Trio".

In the Scorpion episode "Sci Hard", Agent Cabe Gallo's lemon car had a cassette tape with this version of the song stuck in the car's player. As a result, the song played whenever Cabe used his car in the episode, with Cabe singing it to himself at one point. At the end of the episode, "Gloria" plays during the climatic chase scene which ends with the bad guys' motorcycles crashing into Cabe's car, resulting in the tape ejecting and the song ending.

In 2017, the first episode of the BBC/Netflix series White Gold began with the song.

An excerpt of the song appears twice in 2017's I, Tonya. The song appears in the scenes featuring the man who assaulted Nancy Kerrigan, Shane Stant.

The Branigan version of the song is featured in an episode of the second installment of the FX anthology series American Crime Story. The song plays on the radio as Andrew Cunanan sings along to it.

Branigan’s cover of the song is used along with other 1980s hits in the South Park episode "Splatty Tomato".

Chilean screenwriter/director Sebastián Lelio utilized the Umberto Tozzi rendition of "Gloria" in the 2013 film Gloria: Lelio's 2019 English-language remake Gloria Bell features the title character (played by Julianne Moore) dancing to Branigan's take on the song in a sequence hailed as an essential highlight of the film:

Use by the St. Louis Blues

The NHL's St. Louis Blues began using Branigan's cover version of "Gloria" as its unofficial victory song when they went on a franchise-record 11-game winning streak during the 2018–19 season. The origins of "Gloria"'s association with the Blues comes from when a few Blues players visited a bar in South Philadelphia called Jacks NYB to watch the "Double Doink" NFL Wild Card game between the Philadelphia Eagles and Chicago Bears.

At the time, the Blues had the worst record in the league at 15–18–4, had fired head coach Mike Yeo, called up rookie goaltender Jordan Binnington from the minor leagues to replace struggling starter Jake Allen, and seemed bound for a lost season. Following their January 7 victory over the Flyers, which was Binnington's first NHL start, the Blues played "Gloria" in the locker room to celebrate their victory, with it then becoming a regular locker room ritual. When their stadium's DJ learned of it, he began playing the song in the stadium to rally the team. From January 2019 the Blues would post a 30-10-5 record in the remaining games to finish at 45-28-9 and qualify for a playoff spot, eventually advancing to the 2019 Stanley Cup Finals, the team’s first Stanley Cup Final since 1970, where they defeated the Boston Bruins in 7 games to win their first Stanley Cup. The dramatic turnaround in the Blues' fortunes following their adoption of "Gloria" led to it being embraced as their new victory anthem. The song is played at Enterprise Center every time the Blues win a game, leading to "Play Gloria!" becoming both a meme and victory chant for Blues fans. Local radio station Y98 played the song for 24 hours following the Blues' Game 7 double-overtime 2–1 victory over the Dallas Stars on May 8 and again two weeks later on May 22 after its Game 6 5–1 win over the San Jose Sharks to win the Western Conference Championship and advance to the finals. After the Blues defeated the Boston Bruins in the Stanley Cup Finals, on June 12, Y98 would play "Gloria" again for 24 hours. The bands Phish and Vampire Weekend, who were both holding concerts in St. Louis on the night of Game 7, performed covers of "Gloria" when they learned the Blues had won the Cup.

Branigan's legacy manager Kathy Golik has embraced the trend, with Branigan's verified Twitter page frequently posting support for the Blues, especially during their 2019 playoff run. Branigan's official website also got updated with a new splash page which expressed support for the Blues and proclaimed Branigan as the "Original Play Gloria". Golik stayed in St. Louis and attended every game and watch party during the Blues' 2019 Stanley Cup run while discussing the trend with media outlets. When fans of the Boston Bruins, the Blues' opponent in the 2019 Stanley Cup Finals, started re-purposing the "Play Gloria" meme it earned a rebuke from Branigan's Twitter page which went viral. Custom-made Blues jerseys with Branigan's name and the number 82 surged in popularity during the 2019 Stanley Cup playoffs, with one being displayed on Branigan's Twitter page, along with other Blues merchandise sent by fans. "Gloria" reappeared on the iTunes singles chart thanks to the trend, going to number 3 after the Blues won the Stanley Cup. "Gloria" would also re-enter the Billboard charts in the wake of the Blues' championship, landing at #46 on the Billboard Digital Song Sales chart for the week of June 22, 2019. Golik noted that streams of "Gloria" have surged across all platforms and this has had a "trickle down" effect to the rest of Branigan's catalog, with her other hit songs such as "Self Control", "Solitare" and "How Am I Supposed to Live Without You" seeing significant upticks in streams and downloads during the 2019 Stanley Cup Playoffs. The song's resurgence in popularity has led to Branigan's management getting numerous requests for live performances and public appearances, leading them to release a statement reminding the public that Branigan is deceased, as well as adding a note about this to her social media accounts. Forbes described "Gloria" as an "unlikely championship anthem" and noted that the Blues' Stanley Cup victory could permanently alter the meaning and legacy of the song, with it becoming forever associated with the St. Louis Blues and ice hockey in general. Golik has also stated her belief that Branigan and "Gloria" "will forever be intertwined" with the Blues and the city of St. Louis. When asked how she thought Branigan would have reacted to the "Play Gloria" meme had she lived to see it, Golik said, "She was very sincere, very down to Earth, she would just have been very touched by it all. If she were here, I know she would have participated in a very big way. I know she’s there in spirit. To see them win and to hear that song blaring and coming up in the arena and looking around and seeing people singing out as loud as they can, cheering and having a good time, it’s indescribable what that’s like.”

Track listings

Personnel

 Laura Branigan - vocals
 Michael Boddicker - synthesizer
 Joe Chemay - background vocals
 Bob Glaub - bass guitar
 Jim Haas - background vocals
 Jon Joyce - background vocals
 Michael Landau - guitar
 Greg Mathieson - synthesizer, keyboards

 Lisa Sarna - background vocals
 Stephanie Spruill - background vocals
 Julia Tillman Waters - background vocals
 Carlos Vega - drums
 Trevor Veitch - guitar
 Maxine Willard Waters - background vocals

Chart history

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

All-time charts

Certifications

Other versions and inclusions

Early years
A Czech rendering of "Gloria", titled "Dívka Gloria", was a local success for Vítězslav Vávra in 1980; as well as for the Estonian rendering of "Gloria" recorded by Mait Maltis in the same year. In 1982, Sylvie Vartan recorded "Gloria" with Branigan's song lyrics, while Lena Valaitis had a single release of "Gloria" with new German lyrics written by Michael Kunze, and production by Jack White. In 1983, Carola Häggkvist recorded a Swedish rendering of "Gloria" – lyrics by Ingela Forsman – for her album Främling; while Mona Carita recorded a Finnish rendering of the song for her album Mikä Fiilis!

"Gloria" has been used internationally in TV commercials for products as diverse as beer and flour; while another version of the song, amended into an advertising jingle with lyrics to suit the product, and soundalike vocalist to Branigan, was used in an Australian TV commercial for the 1984 Mitsubishi Cordia.

Prior to Branigan's version repeating its U.S. success in the U.K., British singer Elkie Brooks recorded her version of "Gloria", which was unreleased prior to inclusion in the 1986 album The Very Best of Elkie Brooks. Australian singer Julie Anthony also recorded "Gloria" for her 1983 covers album What a Feeling.

Later years
Broadcast in November 23, 2000, Debbie Reynolds sings a snippet of "Gloria" in the "Lows in the Mid-Eighties" episode of the NBC sitcom Will & Grace, where she performs the song as the character "Bobbi Adler" in a sequence set in 1985. Australian Young Divas included "Gloria" on their self-titled album in 2006. In 2010, South Korean actress Bae Doona headlined a television series named "Gloria", where Bae portrays an aspiring singer who gets her start and ascends to fame by singing a Korean cover of song "Gloria".

David Civera recorded a Spanish rendering of "Gloria" for his album A ritmo de clasicos in 2011, the same year that Sergio Dalma recorded another Spanish version of "Gloria" on his album Via Dalma II; the album lasted five weeks at number 1 in Spain, and earned quadruple-platinum status. Airing in December 2011, Sergio Dalma also performed the song on an RTVE special called Via Dalma, where Tozzi was also among the guests.

Jo Vally recorded a Flemish rendering of "Gloria" for his 2012 album Zingt zuiderse klassiekers; the track reached number 15 on the Ultratop chart. Gloria Trevi performed "Gloria" as an opening number in concert, and recorded a studio version of Spanish lyrics completely different from the original, released in February 2012.

On June 12, 2019, while in St. Louis, Phish covered the song following the St. Louis Blues's win over the Boston Bruins in the 2019 Stanley Cup Finals. The Blues would play the song after every win in 2019.


Anant Sadashiv Patwardhan

Anant Sadashiv Patwardhan was an Indian politician from the state of the Madhya Pradesh.
He represented Dewas Vidhan Sabha constituency in Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly by winning General election of 1957.


Geoffrey de Jager

Geoffrey De Jager (born 2 October 1950 Oudtshoorn, South Africa)  is a retired entrepreneur and philanthropist. He is currently the owner of Anglo Suisse Investments Limited alongside various charitable positions at The Rhodes University UK Trust, The Oxford Philharmonic Orchestra, Chairman of Classics For All (a national campaign to get classical languages and the study of ancient civilisations back into state schools in the UK launched in 2010) and The Sparrow Schools Foundation.

Personal life

Geoffrey was born in Oudtshoorn, South Africa. He is married to Caroline and they have four children. He resides in Oxford, United Kingdom.

Education

Geoffrey de Jager attended Kingswood College in Grahamstown, and then went on to graduate from Rhodes University with a B.Com in 1973. In 1975 Geoffrey graduated from Natal University with an LLB.

On 14 April 2012 Rhodes University conferred on him the degree of Doctor of Laws, honoris causa. In 2008 Geoffrey became an honorary fellow at Trinity College, Oxford University where he is also a member of the Chancellor's Court of Benefactors.

Career

Geoffrey began his career as a lawyer, but soon turned to banking in South Africa.

Rand Merchant Bank

In 1980, Geoffrey was among the founding directors of Rand Merchant Bank with GT Ferreira, Laurie Dippenaar and Paul Harris. He served here as executive director for seven years.

Anglo Suisse Investments Holdings

The financial sector continued to be his main focus of attention after immigrating to the UK in 1987 – there establishing two stock-broking firms, and later founding, together with his twin brother Douglas, an investment company, Anglo Suisse Investments Holdings that concentrated on manufacturing in South Africa, the UK and Australia.
In South Africa their activities were conducted through Lenco Holding Limited which was engaged in the manufacture of blow moulding PVC and plastic containers and injection-moulded caps for the packaging industry and also produced foamed styrene trays for the food industry and PVC cling film.

One of Anglo Suisse's main UK companies was Sharp Interpack, a company in which Geoffrey invested heavily, and one of the first food-packaging companies in the UK to make extensive use of recycled materials – so successfully that in 2009, at the prestigious Best Factory Awards ceremony it received the top award for its commitment to health, safety and the environment. Demonstrating that environmentalism can be compatible with business success, Sharp captured more than 60% of the UK's packaging market by 2010.  In 2010 Sharp was sold for an undisclosed amount to Groupe Guillin

Other Business Interests

The above have not been Geoffrey de Jager's only business interests – others include a company involved in the high-tech extraction and analysis of DNA. He has served on numerous boards including, Lenco Holdings Limited and Malbak Ltd.

Charitable works and other donations

Geoffrey is a patron of the Sparrow Schools Foundation, which provides remedial and special needs education to disadvantaged primary school children living in Johannesburg.

In 2008, in recognition of his being a considerable benefactor of Trinity College Oxford and Oxford University, Geoffrey was elected a Sir Thomas Pope Honorary Fellow at Trinity College and in 2013  he was elected to a full Honorary Fellowship. He is a member of the Vice-Chancellor's Circle of Oxford University.

Geoffrey has been in his role as a trustee of the Rhodes University UK Trust for several years, and as chair of the Trust since 2010. This Trust is a registered UK charity and provides funding and support for the university's educational activities. In his new role as chair Geoffrey de Jager has re-aligned the work of the Trust, opening new doors and networking opportunities.

In January 2014, Geoffrey was awarded the title of Life President of Oxford Philharmonic Orchestra for his loyal and unwavering support and outstanding contributions to the Orchestra. The Oxford Philharmonic is Oxford University's orchestra in residence which collaborates with the faculty of music in educational programmes for the student community.

Geoffrey and his wife Caroline have been significant benefactors of Oxford's Ashmolean Museum. They are mentioned as donors for the redevelopment of the Ashmolean, and as major founders of the Museum's outreach programme for a Secondary Education Officer, as well as the Museum's successful 2012 acquisition of an important Manet painting.

In 2012 Geoffrey was appointed as a new member of the International Council at The Global Leadership Fund. Since 2016 he has been Chairman of Classics for All, a charity that provides funding for the teaching of Classics in state schools in the UK.

In 2015 Geoffrey was made a Trustee of The Gunmakers' Company Charitable Trust and on 28 February 2019 became its Chairman. The Charity supports the education and technical skills and apprenticeships as well as supporting families and individuals in need and funding programmes to combat knife crime.


Alma Lee

Alma Lee (30 April 1914 – 3 July 2000) was a British philatelist who signed the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists in 1991.

Publications
Introducing Thematic Collecting. British Philatelic Trust in conjunction with the National Philatelic Society, 1983.


Bourton-on-the-Hill

Bourton-on-the-Hill is a village and civil parish in the Cotswold district of Gloucestershire, England, and about  west of Moreton-in-Marsh. In 2010 it had an estimated population of 288. The village overlooks the surrounding hills of the Cotswolds and lies on the Heart of England Way, which heads southwards to Bourton-on-the-Water and northwards to Cannock Chase. The village is also connected by a footpath to the Cotswold Way, via Blockley and Chipping Campden.

Bourton-on-the-Hill is home to many notable buildings including the Grade I listed St. Lawrence's Church, Slatters Cottage, a stone cottage dating back to the 17th century, Horseshoe Cottage, a 3-storey stone cottage dating back to the 1750s and a public house, the Horse and Groom.

Bourton-on-the-Hill is also home to several attractions, for example the Batsford Arboretum, the Cotswold Falconry Centre and Bourton House and Gardens and it is also within walking distance of the house and gardens at Sezincote.


Arne Toonen

Arne Toonen (born 9 January 1975) is a Dutch film director. Several of his films won the Golden Film and Platinum Film awards.

Career

In 2010 he directed the film Dik Trom. The film won both the Golden Film and Platinum Film awards. The film also won the Golden Calf for Best Production Design award at the 2011 Netherlands Film Festival.

His short film Drop Dead won the Competition for the Short Film Award at the Osnabrück Independent Film Festival. In 2012 he directed the film Black Out. In 2015 he directed the film The Little Gangster (De Boskampi's). The film won the Michel Award at the 2015 Filmfest Hamburg.

In 2019 he directed the film Amsterdam Vice (Baantjer: Het Begin) based on the novels of A. C. Baantjer. The film won the Golden Film award two weeks later after having sold 100,000 tickets.

Personal life

Toonen married Birgit Schuurman in July 2008. They divorced in February 2019. Schuurman also played roles in several films directed by Toonen. They have a son.

Selected filmography

 2010: Dik Trom
 2012: Black Out
 2015: The Little Gangster (De Boskampi's)
 2019: Amsterdam Vice (Baantjer: Het Begin)


Ectomesenchymal chondromyxoid tumor

Ectomesenchymal chondromyxoid tumor (ECT) is a benign intraoral tumor with presumed origin from undifferentiated (ecto)mesenchymal cells. There are some who think it is a myoepithelial tumor type.

Controversies about origin
 Derived from ectomesenchymal cells migrating from neural crest (there is immunophenotypic support for this theory).
 Equivalent to soft tissue myoepithelioma. There is morphologic and immunohisthochemical support for this theory, with some authors advocating interchangeable terms.

Signs and Symptoms
Patients present with a painless, slow-growing mass usually within the tongue (most commonly the anterior dorsal tongue). There is an intact surface epithelium.

Management
 Surgical excision is the treatment of choice, with recurrences only when there is incomplete excision.

Pathology findings

Macroscopic
 Submucosal circumscribed but not encapsulated nodular mass, often with entrapped muscle bundles at the edge. It may have a gelatinous appearance. Most tumors are small, up to 2 cm (given the confines of the tongue, a larger mass would cause significant clinical problems).

Microscopic Pathology
 Submucosal unencapsulated but well-delineated or circumscribed nodule, often separated from the periphery and internally by fibrous connective tissue bands. The cells are arranged in cords, nests, and net-like sheets. The cells may extend into and entrap soft tissue structures including skeletal muscle and nerve bundles.
 The tumor is made up of small round, oval, spindle, or stellate cells that have a very monotonous appearance. There are small dark nuclei with variably amounts of light to basophilic cytoplasm.
 Nuclear pleomorphism, multinucleation, and mitotic figures are usually not seen. Atypical mitoses and necrosis is absent.
 There is a background stroma composed of chondromyxoid to myxoid material. Sometimes large cells are seen in chondroid or cartilaginous areas. Swirling formations give the appearance of neural tissue.
 Importantly, there is an absence of glands or myoepithelial components.

Immunohistochemistry
 Positive:  Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), pancytokeratin, and S100 protein. Smooth muscle actin may be positive in about 50% of cases.
 Negative:  Epithelial membrane antigen, desmin, p63 and calponin.

Ancillary Studies
 Alcian blue will give a blue staining to the stromal matrix material.
 Mucicarmine will also highlight the stromal matrix (pink).
 There is a specific recurrent RREB1-MKL2 gene fusion present in these tumors.

Differential diagnoses
The tumor is quite unique, but other tumors are considered in the differential diagnosis histologically. They included pleomorphic adenoma, myoepithelioma, myxoid neurofibroma, neurothekeoma (nerve sheath myxoma), chondroid choristoma, extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma, focal oral mucinosis, and an ossifying fibromyxoid tumor of soft parts.

Epidemiology
Exceedingly rare, this tumor develops in a wide age range, although often in young patients without a sex predilection. The vast majority develop within the anterior dorsal tongue, with palate and base of tongue rarely affected.


Skindles

Skindles was a hotel in Maidenhead, England, on the Buckinghamshire bank of the River Thames by Maidenhead Bridge. Formerly the Orkney Arms, built in 1743, it was turned from a coaching inn into a fashionable hotel by William Skindle in 1833. In the 20th century, it became notorious as a place for adulterous assignations. Its guests included Winston Churchill and Princess Margaret. Musicians who performed there included The Stranglers, The Rolling Stones, The Strawbs. The hotel appears in the film Kind Hearts and Coronets. Skindles is mentioned in the play Journey's End by R. C. Sherriff: 'We danced a bit at Skindles, and drank a lot of port and muck'.

A property developer bought the site in 2006 for just over £30m, but Irish Nationwide bank took it over in 2009 to try to recover a £40m loan. The property was then transferred to the Irish bank NAMA. Barratt Homes and the National Grid then secured an option for most of the site for a joint development project involving housing and a hotel. South Bucks council adopted a residential-led development brief in July 2013 but argued that it would prefer Skindles Hotel itself to be renovated; any demolition proposals would need to be "robustly justified".

By summer 2013, the hotel's condition had begun to fall further into disrepair, with parts of the roof beginning to collapse under the repeated weathering caused by the recent hard winters that hit the UK. The building had been derelict from about the mid-1990s.

The hotel's site was put up for sale by in November 2013, after Barratt's option expired. It was bought by the housebuilder Berkeley Group in February 2014.

Demolition of Skindles and clearance of the surrounding area started around 18 October 2015 to make way for a housing development of nearly 300 homes, office space, a restaurant and walkways along the Thames.  The restaurant on the old hotel site was purchased in 2018 and developed into a French brasserie called Roux at Skindles.

Related names
During the First World War, a popular café in Poperinghe, Belgium, was nicknamed Skindles, after the hotel, by the British officers who patronised it.

A racehorse was named after Skindles Hotel.


Brooks Adams

Peter Chardon Brooks Adams (June 24, 1848 – February 13, 1927) was an American historian, political scientist and a critic of capitalism.

Career overview
He graduated from Harvard University in 1870 and studied at Harvard Law School in 1870 and 1871. Adams believed that commercial civilizations rise and fall in predictable cycles. First, masses of people draw together in large population centers and engage in commercial activities. As their desire for wealth grows, they discard spiritual and creative values. Their greed leads to distrust and dishonesty, and eventually the society crumbles. In The Law of Civilization and Decay (1895), Adams noted that as new population centers emerged in the west, centers of world trade shifted from Constantinople to Venice to Amsterdam to London. He predicted in America's Economic Supremacy (1900) that New York would become the center of world trade.

Adams was a great-grandson of John Adams, a grandson of John Quincy Adams, the youngest son of U.S. diplomat Charles Francis Adams, and brother to Henry Adams, philosopher, historian, and novelist, whose theories of history were influenced by his work. His maternal grandfather was Peter Chardon Brooks, the wealthiest man in Boston at the time of his death. He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1918.

In 1889, Adams married Evelyn Davis, the daughter of Admiral Charles Henry Davis. They did not have children.  Evelyn Davis's sister Anna was the wife of Henry Cabot Lodge.  Her sister Louisa was the wife of John Dandridge Henley Luce, the son of Stephen Luce.

Portraits

Family tree

Works
 The Emancipation of Massachusetts: The Dream and the Reality, Houghton Mifflin Company, 1919 [1st Pub. 1887].
 The Gold Standard: An Historical Study, Alfred Mudge & Son, 1894.
 The Law of Civilization and Decay: An Essay on History, The Macmillan Company, 1895.
 America's Economic Supremacy, The Macmillan Co., 1900.
 The New Empire, The Macmillan Company, 1902.
 Railways as Public Agents: A Study in Sovereignty, Boston, 1910.
 Theory of Social Revolutions, The Macmillan Company, 1913.

Essays
 "The Spanish War and the Equilibrium of the World," The Forum 25 (6), August 1898.
 "The New Struggle for Life Among Nations," McClure's Magazine 12 (6), April 1899.
 "England's Decadence in the West Indies," The Forum, June 1899.
 "War and Economic Competition," Scribner's 31 (3), March 1902.
 "John Hay," McClure's Magazine 19 (2), June 1902.
 "Legal Supervision of the Transportation Tax," The North American Review, September 1904.
 "Nature of Law: Methods and Aim of Legal Education." In: Centralization and the Law: Scientific Legal Education. Boston: Little, Brown & Company, 1906.
 "Law Under Inequality: Monopoly." In: Centralization and the Law: Scientific Legal Education. Boston: Little, Brown & Company, 1906.
 "A Problem in Civilization," The Atlantic Monthly, Vol. CVI, 1910.
 "The Collapse of Capitalistic Government," The Atlantic Monthly, Vol. CXI, 1913.

Other
 Henry Adams, The Degradation of the Democratic Dogma, with an introduction by Brooks Adams. New York: The Macmillan Company, 1919.


Pyrausta benenotata

Pyrausta benenotata is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Swinhoe in 1894. It is found in India (Meghalaya).


Missouri-Kansas Bowl

The Missouri-Kansas Bowl was a National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics post-season college football bowl game played in Kansas City, Missouri for the 1948 season.

The game was the first post-season appearance for Emporia State.  Southwest Missouri State achieved their bowl bid by winning their conference that year.

Game result


Əkoostik hookah

əkoostik hookah is a jam band from Columbus, Ohio. Formed in 1991, the band has made multiple national tours in the US, as well as performing in overseas locales like Amsterdam and Jamaica, although they may more commonly be found playing local Columbus, Ohio venues like Newport Music Hall, and Lifestyle Communities Pavilion. They are fixtures in many fine venues across the midwest. The band has shared the stage with many of today's top touring "jam bands", as well as stars such as Willie Nelson, Arlo Guthrie, Bob Weir, and Bruce Hornsby.

The band's name, pronounced "Acoustic Hookah," was taken from dictionary entries for the two words.  The phonetic spellings were chosen, and the schwa (ə) became the band's official symbol.  "Schwa" is also the title of a song by keyboardist and primary songwriter Dave Katz. The band endorses a number of charitable causes; among them, Pittsburgh's ongoing BurghSTOCK Concert Series that benefits area non-profits that assist homeless and disabled military veterans.

Hookahville
Hookahville is a semi-annual music festival featuring performances from many local and regional bands and usually hosted and headlined by əkoostik hookah.  Formerly located at Legend Valley in Thornville, Ohio or at Frontier Ranch in Kirkersville, Ohio, it was moved to Zane Shawnee Caverns in Bellefontaine, Ohio in 2017 where Hookahville 50 was held in September 2018 and was əkoostik hookah's reunion show with eh2.0. Hookahville 51 was held at Brushy Fork Phamily Ranch in Newark, OH in May 2019. Hookahville 52 was held at Clear Fork Adventure Resort in Butler, Ohio where eh2.0 returned for one more performance. Spring Hookahville is held the weekend before Memorial Day weekend; the end of summer version is held during Labor Day weekend.

Members
Dave Katz - vocals/keyboards/acoustic guitar (member inception–present)
Steve Sweney - lead guitar (member inception–present)
Eric Lanese - drums/vocals (member 1993–present)
Matt Paetsch - Bass (member 2018-present)
Eric Sargent - vocals/guitar (member April 2010 – present)
John Mullins - vocals, rhythm guitar (member inception–1996, 2006–2010, no longer with the band as of 2010/04/05)
Cliff Starbuck - bass/vocals (member inception–2009, left band at the end of 2009 to pursue other musical projects)
Ed McGee-guitar/vocals (member 1996–2005)
Johnny Polansky-percussion/drums (member 2000–2005)
Steve Frye (aka "Octofrye") - drums (member inception–1993)
Donald Safranek - percussion (member 1992–1994)
Matt Paetsch - bass (member 2018-present)
Phil Risko - bass, vocals (2010-2017)

Timeline

Discography

 Under Full Sail (1991)
 Dubbabuddah (1994)
 Double Live (1996)
 Where the Fields Grow Green (1997)
 Sharp In the Flats (1999)
 Seahorse  (2001)
 Ohio Grown (2002)
 Under Full Sail: It All Comes Together (2007)
 brij (2013)
 Halcyon (2017)

Filmography
 Spring Hookahville (2004), YBP
 New Year's Eve (2005), YBP
 Live at the Newport (2007), YBP
 Almost Legal (2011), The film was recorded at the March 12, 2011 concert at the Newport Music Hall in Columbus, Ohio  in celebration of the band's 20th anniversary. It was produced by Desert Custom Photography Las Vegas.


2009 BWF World Junior Championships

The 2009 BWF World Junior Championships were held in Alor Setar, Malaysia, from October 23 to November 1, 2009.

Medalists

Team competition
A total of 21 countries competed at the team competition in 2009 BWF World Junior Championships.

Final positions

 China
 Malaysia
 Thailand
 Chinese Taipei
 Indonesia
 Japan
 India
 Hong Kong
 Denmark
 Philippines
 Russia
 Singapore
 Vietnam
 England
 France
 New Zealand
 Germany
 Canada
 Macau
 Sri Lanka
 Australia

Final Round

Individual competitions

Boys Singles

Girls Singles

Boys Doubles

Seeded

  Angga Pratama / Yohanes Rendy Sugiarto (Semi Final)
  Liu Peixuan / Lu Kai (Quarter Final)
  Chooi Kah Ming / Ow Yao Han (Champion)
  Tin Caballes / Nipitphon Puangpuapech (Semi Final)
  Emil Holst / Niclas Nohr (Quarter Final)
  Berry Angriawan / Muhammad Ulinnuha (Final)
  Sai Praneeth / Pranav Chopra (Third Round)
  Shohei Hoshino / Akira Kobayashi (Quarter Final)

Finals

Section 1

Section 2

Section 3

Section 4

Girls Doubles

Seeded

  '''Tang Jinhua / Xia Huan (Champion)
  Bao Yixin / Luo Yu (Quarter Final)
  Poon Lok Yan / Tse Ying Suet (Semi Final)
  Rodjana Chuthabunditkul / Sapsiree Taerattanachai (Semi Final)
  Nguyen Thi Sen / Vu Thi Trang (Quarter Final)
  Lai Pei Jing / Ng Hui Ern (Quarter Final)
  Anastasia Chervaykova / Natalia Perminova (Second Round)
  Selena Piek / Iris Tabeling (Second Round)

Finals

Section 1

Section 2

Section 3

Section 4

Mixed Doubles

Seeded

  Lu Kai / Bao Yixin (Semi Final)
  Liu Peixuan / Xia Huan (Semi Final)
  Maneepong Jongjit / Rodjana Chuthabunditkul (Champion)
  Jacco Arends / Selena Piek (Fourth Round)
  Ng Ka Long / Tse Ying Suet (Third Round)
  Niclas Nohr / Lena Grebak (Second Round)
  Kevin Alexander / Suci Rizki Andini (Fourth Round)
  Pranav Chopra / Prajakta Sawant (Fourth Round)
  Mark Middleton / Alyssa Lim (Second Round)
  Akira Kobayashi / Naoko Fukuman (Fourth Round)
  Ow Yao Han / Lai Pei Jing (Quarter Final)
  Tan Wee Tat / Lai Shevon Jemie (Third Round)  Nipitphon Puangpuapech / Artima Serithammarak (Quarter Final)
  Clinton Liu / May-Lee Lindeman (Second Round)
  Andreas Heinz / Fabienne Deprez (Second Round)
  Max Schwenger / Isabel Herttrich (Third Round)

Finals

Top Half

Section 1

Section 2

Section 3

Section 4

Bottom Half

Section 5

Section 6

Section 7

Section 8

Medal table


Santa's Slay

Santa's Slay is a 2005 Canadian-American Christmas slasher comedy film that stars professional wrestler Bill Goldberg as Santa Claus. The film was written and directed by David Steiman, a former assistant to Brett Ratner; Ratner served as a producer.

Plot
On Christmas Eve, the Mason family (played by a cast of all Jewish celebrities in bit roles) is bickering about their wealth and material possessions while eating Christmas dinner when Santa Claus (Bill Goldberg, coincidentally also Jewish) comes down the chimney and kills them all in various graphic displays of Christmas-themed violence, such as drowning the matriarch Virginia (Fran Drescher) in eggnog, using the star atop a Christmas tree as a ninja star and stabbing the patriarch's hands to the table with silverware and suffocating him by stuffing a leg of turkey in his mouth.

Riding on his sleigh driven by his "hell-deer", Santa arrives at Hell Township and decimates the locals in various holiday-themed ways. In one of his kills, Santa slaughters the occupants of a local strip club, frequented by Pastor Timmons (Dave Thomas), a crooked minister, who manages to survive the massacre. Later, Santa murders the local Jewish delicatessen owner Mr. Green, (Saul Rubinek), using his own menorah.

Meanwhile, teenager Nicholas Yuleson (Douglas Smith) is living with his crazy grandfather (Robert Culp), a crackpot inventor who has built a bunker in their basement to survive Christmas. When Nicholas asks Grandpa why he hates Christmas, he is shown "The Book of Klaus", which reveals the origins of Santa Claus. Apparently, Santa was the result of a virgin birth produced by Satan (just as Jesus was the result of a virgin birth produced by God—meaning that Santa is somewhat of an Antichrist). Christmas was "The Day of Slaying" for Santa until A.D. 1005, when an angel defeated him in a curling match and sentenced him to deliver presents on Christmas for 1,000 years. This means that Santa is free to kill again in 2005.

Upon arriving at the delicatessen, Nicholas is taken to the police station for questioning about Mr. Green's murder. He is bailed out by his girlfriend, Mary "Mac" Mackenzie (Emilie de Ravin), just before Santa arrives and kills all of the officers. Santa pursues Nicholas and Mac in a police car, but they are able to escape, thanks to a shotgun left in Mac's truck by her gun-crazed father (Jeff Hanna). They flee to Mr. Yuleson's bunker, with Santa still in pursuit. Nicholas and Mac manage to escape using Grandpa's snowmobile; but Grandpa is run over by Santa's "hell-deer" and killed.

The two teens hide in a local high school, hoping that Santa's powers will end once Christmas ends; but they are eventually forced to confront him in the gym. They are almost killed by Santa on a Zamboni but are saved by Grandpa, who is actually the angel who originally defeated and sentenced Santa. With Christmas over and his powers gone, Santa flees in his sleigh; but his "hell-deer" are shot down by Mac's father with a bazooka. Pastor Timmons is found dead in a Santa suit and is presumed to be the killer, while, in fact, the real killer Santa Claus is boarding a flight from Winnipeg to the North Pole.

After the credits, Santa is seen looking over his Naughty List, when he looks into the camera and says "Who's Next?"

Cast
Douglas Smith as Nicholas Yuleson
 Bill Goldberg as Santa Claus
 Emilie de Ravin as Mary McKenzie
 Robert Culp as Grandpa
 Dave Thomas as Pastor Timmons
 Saul Rubinek as Mr. Green
 James Caan as Darren Mason (uncredited)
 Rebecca Gayheart as Gwen Mason
 Chris Kattan as Jason Mason
 Fran Drescher as Virginia Mason
 Alicia Loren as Beth Mason
 Annie Sorell as Taylor Mason
 Donna Zuk as Mrs. Talbot
 Tom 'Tiny' Lister as a gas station attendant
 Scott Francis Gibson as the S.W.N.D.S.U. place kicker
 Jimmy Herman as Vinny
 Michael David Simms as Captain/Officer Caulk
 Donald Bland as a bouncer
 Kevin Gillese as a disgruntled youth
 Ronnie as Santa’s Helldeer
 Apache as Santa’s Helldeer
 Joan Dunham as a random grandmother
 Kendall Garwryluk as a random father

Release
Santa's Slay was released on DVD in the United States by Lionsgate on December 20, 2005. It was released in Canada that same day by Maple Pictures. Lionsgate later re-released the film on November 10, 2008.

Reception
Randall Colburn from The A.V. Club gave the film a positive review, calling it "simultaneously vulgar and wholesome, stupid and satirical, violent and lighthearted." Todd MArtin of HorrorNews.net also liked the films, writing, " It isn’t perfect and there are times when it is a little too corny for its own good but overall it is just a fun, brainless movie that has a ton of violence in it". Brett Gallman from Oh, the Horror wrote, "Admittedly, the film doesn’t quite keep up the relentless pace the entire time, but it’s mostly one hell of a slay ride, full of cheesy dialogue, colorful characters, and plenty of laughs." David Nusair from ReelFilm Reviews gave the film a mixed 2.5 out of 5 stars, commending the film's humor, pacing, and Goldberg's tongue-in-cheek performance while also stating that the film ran out of steam in the third act.

The film was not without its detractors.
Jon Condit from Dread Central was highly critical of the film, awarding it 1.5 out of 5 stars. In his review, Condit criticized the film's writing and direction as being "sloppy" and "amateurish", also criticizing the abrupt ending.


Watchmaker

A watchmaker is an artisan who makes and repairs watches. Since a majority of watches are now factory made, most modern watchmakers only repair watches. However, originally they were master craftsmen who built watches, including all their parts, by hand. Modern watchmakers, when required to repair older watches, for which replacement parts may not be available, must have fabrication skills, and can typically manufacture replacements for many of the parts found in a watch. The term clockmaker refers to an equivalent occupation specializing in clocks.

Most practising professional watchmakers service current or recent production watches.  They seldom fabricate replacement parts. Instead they obtain and fit factory spare parts applicable to the watch brand being serviced. The majority of modern watchmakers, particularly in Switzerland and other countries in Europe, work directly for the watchmaking industry and may have completed a formal watchmaking degree at a technical school. They also receive in-house "brand" training at the factory or service center where they are employed. However, some factory service centers have an approach that allows them to use 'non-watchmakers' (called "opérateurs") who perform only one aspect of the repair process. These highly skilled workers do not have a watchmaking degree or certificate, but are specifically trained 'in-house' as technicians to service a small number of components of the watch in a true 'assembly-line' fashion, (e.g., one type of worker will dismantle the watch movement from the case, another will polish the case and bracelet, another will install the dial and hands, etc.). If genuine watchmakers are employed in such environments, they are usually employed to service the watch movement.

Due to factory/genuine spare parts restrictions, an increasing minority of watchmakers in the US are 'independent,' meaning that they choose not to work directly for industry or at a factory service center.  One major Swiss watch brand – Rolex – now pre-qualifies independent watchmakers before they provide them with spare parts.  This qualification may include, but is not limited to, holding a modern training certificate from one of several reputable schools; having a workshop environment that meets Rolex's standards for cleanliness; using modern equipment; and being a member of the American Watchmakers-Clockmakers Institute. The Omega brand has the same approach. However, the vast majority of modern Swiss brands do not sell parts to independent watchmakers, irrespective of the watchmaker's expertise, training or credentials. This industry policy is thought to enable Swiss manufacturers to maintain tighter quality control of the after-sales service for its watch brands, produce high margins on after sales services (two to four times what an independent watchmaker would ask), and to lower second-hand watchmaking parts on the used and fake market.

Training

Historically, in England, watchmakers would have to undergo a seven-year apprenticeship and then join a guild, such as the Worshipful Company of Clockmakers in London, before selling their first watch. In modern times, watchmakers undergo training courses such as the ones offered by the BHI, or one of the many other schools around the world following the WOSTEP style curriculum. Some US watchmaking schools of horology will teach not only the wostep style, including the ETA range of movements, but also focus on the older watches that a modern watchmaker will encounter on a daily basis. In Denmark the apprenticeship lasts four years, with six terms at the Danish School of Watchmaking in Ringsted. The education covers both clocks and watches, as a watchmaker in Denmark is also a clockmaker. In France, there are three diplomas: the lowest is the Certificat d'aptitude professionnelle (CAP) in horology (in two years), then the "Brevet des Métiers d'Art" horology for another two-year course. And optionally, the Diplôme des métiers d'art / DMA Horlogerie (two years).

Watchmaker as metaphor

William Paley and others used the watchmaker in his famous analogy to imply the existence of God (the teleological argument) .

Richard Dawkins later applied this analogy in his book The Blind Watchmaker, arguing that evolution is blind in that it cannot look forward.

Alan Moore in his graphic novel Watchmen, uses the metaphor of the watchmaker as a central part of the backstory of his heroic character Dr. Manhattan.

In the NBC television series Heroes, the villain Sylar is a watchmaker by trade. His ability to know how watches work corresponds to his ability to gain new superpowers by examining the brains of people he has murdered.

In the scifi novel The Mote in God's Eye by Larry Niven, the Watchmakers are a small technologically intelligent sub-species of the Moties that will repair/improve things left for them (accompanied by food as payment).

In the 2015 major motion picture film Survivor directed by James McTeigue, one of the world's most wanted killers is played by Pierce Brosnan, who demonstrates just how devastating the precision skill sets of a watchmaker can be as he plays the role of 'Nash,' a professional killer who excels at bomb making and long-range shooting.

Notable watchmakers

 Ferdinand Berthoud
 Abraham Louis Breguet
 Louis Cartier
 George Daniels
 John Harrison
 Peter Henlein
 Christiaan Huygens
 Antide Janvier
 Jean-Antoine Lépine
 Thomas Mudge
 Nicolas Mathieu Rieussec

 Thomas Tompion
 Waltham Watch Company
 Gérald Genta


1978 2. deild karla

The 1978 season of 2. deild karla was the 13th season of third-tier football in Iceland.

Group A

Group B

Group C

Group D

Group E

Group F

Final round

Group A

Group B

Final

Both Selfoss and Magni won promotion to the 1979 1. deild karla.


John Mulligan

John Joe Salvatore Martinez Marion (John) Mulligan is a Birmingham, England-born new wave musician. He is most prominently known as the bassist and keyboardist of the band Fashion from 1978-1984.

Biography

Salvatore Martinez Mulligan (AKA: Muligan] born The Sorrento, Moseley Birmingham.  United Kingdom. John Joe Salvatore Martinez Marion Mulligan [a Latin Catholic].

He is most prominently known as the dreadlocked founder member of the band Fashion (1) as the bassist and keyboardist with Dik Davis on vocals and drums and Luke Skyscraper (Alan James) on vocals and guitar.  They toured extensively with The Police, Squeeze, The Stranglers, The Ramones, B 52's, Patti Smith & The Gang Of 4.

Product Perfect (1979) on IRS Records.
Fashion [1] from 1978 – 1980.

Luke Skyscraper,  the original singer left after an American tour and was replaced by Tony Dial on vocals and guitar and released the “Alien Tapes” on Fashion Music. Produced by Bob Lamb (UB40)

Fashion [2] from 1980 – 1981.

De Harris and Marlon Recci joined to form the most successful version of the band. De on lead vocals and guitar, with Marlon on bass.

Releasing the singles: Move On, Streetplayer, Love Shadow with Gina X and White Stuff. All produced by Zeus B. Held from the top 10 album Fabrique.

De left the act after the release of Fabrique to pursue a career as a session musician and producer.

Fabrique (1982) on Arista
Fashion [3] from 1981 – 1982.

Troy Tate [Teardrop Explodes]replaced De on vocals and guitar.

Fashion [4] 1982

The final Fashion vocalist was Alan Darby

Twilight of Idols (1984) on De Stijl Records/CBS
Fashion [5] 1983 - 1985

All the way through the various line-ups of Fashion, Muligan had been involved with the bands’  production assisting Bob Lamb and Zeus B. Held.
Muligan also had developed a reputation for the bands distinctive artwork and latterly video.

Muligan began to feature on other artists work like supplying the arpeggio sequences for Duran Durans’  “The Chauffeur”, plus live session work with Visage before branching out in the late 1980s and early 1990s to become a session musician and producer,  latterly as musical director with Bananarama and the Milli Vanilli Band.

One of Muligans’ earliest productions being Stephen (Tin Tin)Duffy's first hits “Kiss Me” and “Loves Duet”.  Both made  on 16 tracks at Bob Lamb studio in Kings Heath, Birmingham.

It was his sound design and programming that found him fame with Hollywood Beyond with” What's The Colour Of Money?” Soul II Soul, Reggae Philharmonic Orchestra and Kym Mazelle. Also programming remixes with Ben Chapman, for Alison Moyet and Adamski.

In the 1990s Muligan  worked with various management and record companies from storyboarding to filming and editing music videos for Instinctive Records, Dub TV and Freetown Records.

John Taylor of Duran Duran was deeply inspired by Mulligan and his early approach to the Birmingham scene. At the end of 2007 beginning of 2008, Luke (Sky) James, the original guitarist and singer of Mulligan's Fashion, launched a Myspace site devoted to the band. On the site James wrote of the original line-up: "2 Dead" (Davis and Cottrell) / "1 living" (James) and "1 missing" (referring to Mulligan.)

A citate of Paul Edmond's in July 2008 - the famous photographer of the early DURAN DURAN's - comes closer to the truth of Mulligan whereabouts:
"Mulligan makes soundtracks and  films these days and is based in London".

The actual truth is he writes and performs music with ‘The League Of Hedonists’ and ‘Star Chamber Orchestra’. Has retired to paint large realist oil painting and designs 1930s inspired clothing for ‘Commonwealth Classics’ with his wife Lucy Muligan-Lei.

Equipment
Synthesizers used in Fashion from 1981 onward

Roland Jupiter-8- Primary keyboard
Moog SourcePPG Wave
Oberheim-OB-Xa Discography of Fashion Product Perfect (1979)Fabrique (1982)Twilight of Idols'' (1984)


Poligny, Jura

Poligny is a commune in the Jura department in Franche-Comté in eastern France.

The town stands at the foot of the first plateau of the Jura region, with limestone cliffs rising to its east and south, and a steephead valley leading to the village of Vaux-sur-Poligny to the east. On the cliffs to the east is a notable cave, known as "Le Trou de la Lune" (the Moonhole); on the cliffs to the south is a large cross, the "Croix du Dan".  A network of hiking trails surrounds the town and provide routes to both these viewpoints, and the GR 59 long distance footpath runs through the town.

First Empire general Jean-Pierre Travot was born in Poligny; a statue in his honour stands in the principal square of the town, the Place des Déportés, and a road is named after him.

Poligny is served by the railway line from Besançon to Lons-le-Saunier.

The town is recognised as the "Capital of Comté", with a third of the region's production of this much-loved cheese being aged in the town's cellars. The town is also surrounded by vineyards, and is home to a number of independent wine producers as well as a cooperative.

Population

Gallery


Chuck Phelps (disambiguation)

Chuck Phelps may refer to:
 Chuck Phelps (pastor), former American pastor
Chuck Phelps (drummer), American drummer


North American Indoor Football League (2005)

The North American Indoor Football League (NAIFL) was a proposed indoor football league that announced plans in 2004 to begin play in fourteen Canadian cities beginning in February 2005. The game played was to be a unique indoor version of Canadian football. Teams were to be centrally owned, and former Edmonton Eskimos quarterback Tom Wilkinson was to serve as league president. The league never played a single game and its website went offline in early 2006.

The 14 teams announced were:

East Division

West Division


Mitchell Watt

Mitchell Watt (born 25 March 1988) is an Australian track & field athlete. His main event is the long jump and holds the current Oceania record for the long jump – 8.54m. He was the first ever Australian long jump medalist at a World Championship and was the silver medalist at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

Childhood

Track and FIeld

Watt started his athletics career as a teenager and first started getting attention as a schoolboy at Brisbane Boys College, a prestigious private high school in Queensland. As a 13-year-old he competed in the GPS 100 m, 200 m, 400 m relay, 100 m relay, long jump, high jump, triple jump, shot put and discus, winning all of his events bar and discus with a respectable 4th.

As a junior, he won the All-schools nationals in 1999 (long jump), 2000 (long jump), 2001 (long jump [national record], triple jump [national record] and 100 m).

Rugby Union and Australian Football

Watt took an interest in Australian Football and Rugby Union in his later years of high school. He proved extremely versatile successful in both codes. In Australian Football he won two State Championships during high-school playing as ruckman.

In Rugby Union, he played in the outside backs and was vice-captain of the 1st XV. He was a member of the State team (Queensland Schoolboys squad), a team which several current Australian Wallabies played in.

Career

Long Jump

Watt's first major championship was the 2009 World Championships in Athletics in Berlin where he won a bronze medal with a jump of 8.37. He backed this up with another bronze medal at the 2010 IAAF World Indoor Championships in Doha.

He won the 2011 Australian long jump title with a personal best of 8.44 m, setting a stadium record at the Melbourne Olympic Park Stadium with the final jump of the final competition that was held at the venue.

Watt won silver at the World Championships in Daegu, with a jump of 8.33 m in an interesting competition where the winning jumps were made in the second round of jumping. The top three jumpers failed to improve on their first and second round jumps.

He won the silver medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

Diamond League

Watt was the 2011 Diamond League Trophy winner for the long jump, picking up the $40,000 bonus. He won in Shanghai, London, and also Stockholm where he set the Australian record, and had already secured victory before the Final in Zurich. He is the first and only Australian to ever win a Diamond League Trophy. He also finished the 2011 season with the longest 4 out of 5 jumps in the world.

Stadium Records

Watt currently holds the following stadium/meeting records in the world:
Shanghai (Shanghai Stadium, China) - 8.44m
London (Crystal Palace Stadium) - 8.45m
Rethymno (Vardinoyannia, Greece) - 8.43m
Melbourne (Olympic Park, Australia) - 8.44m
New York (Icahn Stadium, United States of America) - 8.16m

Endorsements

Watt has proven popular with global sponsors. He has signed endorsements with Adidas, Powerade, Omega, Mitsubishi and Coles Supermarkets.

Personal life

Watt obtained his double degree in Law / Economics  from University of Queensland and now he currently resides in New York where he a management consultant.

Notes and references

External links


National Institute of Technology, Rourkela

National Institute of Technology Rourkela (NITR), formerly Regional Engineering College Rourkela (REC Rourkela), is a publicly funded premier institute of higher learning for engineering, science and technology located in the steel city of Rourkela, Odisha, India. It is one of the 31 National Institutes of Technology in India and has been recognized as an Institute of National Importance by the National Institutes of Technology Act, 2007. It is ranked 16 in the NIRF Rankings 2019 of Indian engineering universities.

History
NIT Rourkela was established as Regional Engineering College (REC) Rourkela on 15 August 1961. Chief Minister of Odisha, Biju Patnaik provided the land for it, approximately 648 acres. Its foundation stone was laid by the first Prime Minister of India, Jawaharlal Nehru. It was granted autonomy in 2002 and now functions independently under the Ministry of Human Resource Development, thus becoming one of the National Institutes of Technology.

During the Captainship of the Founding Director Prof. Sunil Kumar Sarangi, the institute was transformed to its current status, and now NIT Rourkela is well known for its research related activities in various fields of science and technology.

Administration

The institute is managed by a Board of Governors (BoG) created as per NIT Act of 2007. The Act is responsible for the overall superintendence, direction, and control of its affairs. The Director is responsible for managing the day-to-day affairs of the institute, and the director is the Principal Executive and Academic Officer. The BoG is assisted by the Senate, which frames the curriculum and conducts the examinations. The Senate also appoints advisory or expert committees to make recommendations to the BoG on academic matters related to various departments. The Building and Works Committee and the Finance Committee also assist the BoG.

The Institute has different departments, centers and technical service units (TSUs). Each department or centre is headed by a faculty member and each TSU is headed by a faculty member or an officer.

The director is supported in various activities by the deans, i.e. the Dean for Academics, the Dean for Student Welfare, the Dean for faculty welfare, the Dean for Alumni, the Dean for Planning and Development and the Dean for SRICCE (Sponsored Research, Industrial Consultancy, and Continuing Education). The registrar is in charge of all office and staff administration, and has two deputy registrars and six assistant registrars.

Prof. A Biswas's administration revamped Organisation structure and introduced Associate Deans for all Six Deanships to meet dynamic needs of the institute.

Location

The Rourkela Steel City is a medium-sized metropolis, located on the Howrah-Mumbai and Ranchi-Bhubaneswar main railway routes, and well connected to all parts of the country by road and rail.  The population of the city is about 7 lakhs. The institute is about 7 km from the railway station. The campus of the institute consisting of the institute buildings, halls of residence and staff colony is situated at the eastern end of Rourkela, beyond Sector-1, on land provided by the Government of Odisha. The institute is bordered by small mountains on the south which are sometimes used as a picnic spot by students.

The closest domestic airport to Rourkela is Ranchi at a distance of 172 kilometers. Rourkela also has a private airport maintained by SAIL which is used only for official purposes.

Infrastructure

The campus of the institute is situated at the eastern end of Rourkela steel city, beyond Sector-1, on land provided by the Government of Odisha. The courses are mostly residential on a full-time basis.

The institute area is at the centre of the campus and surrounded by the residential areas. The main building of the institute is in a central area and is surrounded by the departmental buildings. It houses all the classrooms, the Central Library, and the Administrative and Academic sections. It also houses departments like Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics and Humanities. All the departments, the lecture gallery, the workshops, the institute canteen and the audio-visual hall surround the main building.

The lecture area and the department of biotechnology and medical engineering are situated behind the Department of Chemical Engineering. The new Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering has come up behind the Department of Computer Science. The buildings of the Department of Chemical Engineering, Mining Engineering and Ceramic Engineering have an extension part.

Residential accommodation is provided to all faculty, staff and students. There are ten halls of residence for the students within the campus: seven for male graduates and postgraduates, two for female students and one for married students pursuing doctorate degrees and beyond or full-time research.

Student Activity Centre

The Student Activity Centre (SAC) within the central academic area is the hub of all extra-academic pursuits and is the main organizing office for all student symposiums and annual events. It is served by the approximately 400 seater Bhubaneswar Behera Audio Visual Auditorium and an approximately 1000-seat open air theater. Annually, SAC elections are held at the end of even semesters through online voting.

Health care
The institute is served by an on-campus dispensary (Health Centre) and the fully equipped Community Welfare Service (CWS) Hospital for medical treatments. All residential and non-residential students are insured for all medical expenses by the institute.

The student co-operative store facilitates the purchase of books and stationery at reduced prices. The on campus postal service is the state-owned India Post. The official on-campus banker to students and the institute is the state-run State Bank of India (REC Campus).

Institute library

The Biju Pattanaik Central Library, functional from 1965, was named after Biju Pattanaik, the former chief minister of Odisha. At present, the library holds about 65,000 books and 18,000 back volumes of periodicals. It has purchased a license to access over 2000 online research journals on science and technology to foster local research activity. The BPCL is automated with an integrated library software package called Libsys – LSmart and is modernized with the latest radio frequency identification (RFID)-based automation system that facilitates self check-in, self check-out, and an automatic security system. This technology offers the fastest, easiest, and most efficient way to track, locate and manage library materials. The RFID system counts more than 1.2 lakhs of transactions (issue, return, and renewal) in a year.

Rankings

NIT Rourkela was ranked 801-1000 in the world by the Times Higher Education World University Rankings of 2020 and 160 in Asia. In India it was ranked 16 among engineering colleges by the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) in 2019 and 38 overall.

Academics and departments

The institute has the following twenty departments which offer B. Tech, B. Tech-M. Tech Dual, M. Tech, M.Sc, Integrated M.Sc, MBA and PhD degree:
 Department of Planning and Architecture
 Department of Earth & Atmospheric Sciences
 Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering
 Department of Ceramic Engineering
 Department of Chemical Engineering
 Department of Chemistry
 Department of Civil Engineering
 Department of Computer Science and Engineering
 Department of Earth and Atmospheric Science
 Department of Electrical Engineering
 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
 Department of Electronics and Instrumentation
 Department of Food Processing
 Department of Humanities and Social Sciences
 Department of Industrial Design
 Department of Life Science
 Department of Mathematics
 Department of Mechanical Engineering
 Department of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering
 Department of Mining Engineering
 Department of Physics and Astronomy
 Department of School of Management

Dual degree courses in various disciplines have been introduced recently. The institute provides opportunities for part-time graduate studies in selected fields in addition to doctoral research in various subjects.

The institute also has three academic centres and six service centres.

Campus life

NIT Rourkela has as many as 40 clubs or student organizations. These clubs span and promote a variety of interests such as technical, cultural, literary, debating, quizzing, sports, and social service among the students, enabling them to explore and enhance their hitherto hidden talents.

NIT Rourkela hosts four major annual events:

Trancenation: It is the most anticipated EDM event by the most happening club, Drill n' Bass.
Innovision: a technical festival which showcases the technical talents of the students and the practical applications of their learning
Sports Fiesta: in which students from various colleges participate in various sports and games
Nitrutsav: a cultural festival where students from all parts the country participate

CHEMICON: It is a festival organised by chemical department which is started from 2017.
cosmopolitan festival:It is a multi-cultural festival organized by the institute.

Monday Morning
The institute has its own official independent media body with the name Monday Morning. Accredited as the second largest student media body in India, Monday Morning functions to bridge the gap between the administration and the student community. It covers events, seminars, meetings and other day-to-day happening in the campus. the e-newsletter publishes the weekly dose of campus news each Monday Morning. In addition to the e-print the newsletter also publishes two print issues - 1.Mini print issue during the freshers orientation and 2.Annual print issue during the Annual convocation.

SPIC MACAY NITR Chapter

The SPIC MACAY NITR Chapter was inaugurated on 12 January 2013 by the founder of SPIC MACAY, Dr. Kiran Seth, in the Bhubaneshwar Behera Auditorium. Since then, some events have been organised under this chapter, such as jugalbandi between Pandit Vijay Ghate and Pandit Bhawani Shankar accompanied by Sangeet Mishra on sarangi, and a performance by Pandit Hari Prasad Chaurasia during the International Students' Meet. The SPIC MACAY NITR Chapter has received an amazing response both by the students as well as the faculty family. During Spic Macay State Convention 2014, Pandit Vishwa Mohan Bhatt, Padmashree Geeta Chandran, and G.S. Chani performed in the BBA Auditorium.

Notable alumni

 Sandip Das (Mechanical), corporate executive
 Ranjan Dash (Ceramic), founder and Chief Technology Officer of Y-Carbon, USA
 Debasish Ghose, Professor at Department of Aerospace Engineering Indian Institute of Science
 CP Gurnani, B.Tech-chemical engineering, Managing Director and CEO of Tech Mahindra
 Prativa Mohapatra,B.Tech-computer science,Vice President of IBM Asia-Pacific
 Akash Khurana, B.Tech-mechanical engineering, theatre and film personality; COO of NIMBUS
 Nalini Ranjan Mohanty, former IOFS officer, Chairman and Managing Director of the Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL)
 Sudeept Maharana, B.Tech - Computer Engineering, Country Head Priceline India. Priceline is a part of Fortune 250 Booking Holdings, world's largest Travel Technology Company.
 Anustup Nayak, Vice president, XSEED Education,
B. K. Mishra, Director, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Goa


Mo Chuaroc moccu Neth Semon

Mo Chuaroc moccu Neth Semon (fl. c. 600?) was an Irish monk and scholar of the Early Middle Ages.

He was a native of the Youghal area of what is now County Cork in southern Ireland. He studied with Mo Sinu moccu Min and later recorded what the latter taught, which is thought to have been an ordo numerorum, a table of Greek numbers.

Sources
 1. - MS m, Universitatsbibliothek, Wurzburg; see also below.
 2. - p. 113, Ireland and her neighbours in the Seventh Century, by Michael Richter.
 3. - p. 14, "The Irish Tradition", Robin Flower, 1947.


Wolfgang Wenzel

Wolfgang Wenzel is a former West German slalom canoeist who competed from the late 1960s to the early 1970s.

He won three medals in the C-2 team event at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships with a gold in 1969, a silver in 1971 and a bronze in 1967.


Ray Richards (footballer)

Raymond Richards (born 18 May 1946) is an Australian former football (soccer) midfielder. He was a member of the Australian 1974 World Cup squad in West Germany and represented the country 31 times in total for 5 goals between 1967 and 1975 as well as representing Queensland and New South Wales.

Playing career

Club career
Richards started his football career at the semi-professional club Croydon F.C. in London, England. At the age of 16 in 1963, he was offered a professional contract with Leyton Orient F.C., but decided to emigrate to Australia, to play with the Latrobe Soccer Club, based in Brisbane. In 1968, he moved to Hollandia Soccer Club, also in Brisbane, then in 1969 he moved to Sydney to play for Sydney Croatia in Division 1 (at that time, the top tier in the New South Wales competition), before moving to the Marconi club in Division 2 for the rest of that season. Marconi was then promoted to Division 1 after winning the Division 2 premiership in 1969. Richards continued playing for the club, up to and including the first year of the National Soccer League in 1977. In 1979 Richards played four matches for Sydney club APIA Leichhardt.

International career
In all Richards played 31 times for the Australian national team and scored 5 times from 1967–1975.

1974 World Cup
Richards played in Australia's three matches at the 1974 FIFA World Cup in Germany.
Richards has the dubious honour of being the first Australian to be sent off in a World Cup match, being sent off in the game against Chile in 1974. He actually received two yellow cards but no red card. It wasn't until the reserve official, Clive Thomas, informed the linesman of the mistake four minutes after the second yellow card that the referee, Jafar Namdar, realised his mistake and ordered him off the field.

Coaching career
Between 1974 and 1976 Richards acted as a player/coach at Marconi Stallions.

Honours
Richards is a member of the Football Federation Australia Football Hall of Fame.


Wireless LAN

A wireless LAN (WLAN) is a wireless computer network that links two or more devices using wireless communication to form a local area network (LAN) within a limited area such as a home, school, computer laboratory, campus, or office building. This gives users the ability to move around within the area and remain connected to the network. Through a gateway, a WLAN can also provide a connection to the wider Internet.

Most modern WLANs are based on IEEE 802.11 standards and are marketed under the Wi-Fi brand name.

Wireless LANs have become popular for use in the home, due to their ease of installation and use. They are also popular in commercial properties that offer wireless access to their employees and customers.

History
Norman Abramson, a professor at the University of Hawaii, developed the world's first wireless computer communication network, ALOHAnet. The system became operational in 1971 and included seven computers deployed over four islands to communicate with the central computer on the Oahu island without using phone lines.

Wireless LAN hardware initially cost so much that it was only used as an alternative to cabled LAN in places where cabling was difficult or impossible. Early development included industry-specific solutions and proprietary protocols, but at the end of the 1990s these were replaced by standards, primarily the various versions of IEEE 802.11 (in products using the Wi-Fi brand name). Beginning in 1991, a European alternative known as HiperLAN/1 was pursued by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) with a first version approved in 1996.  This was followed by a HiperLAN/2 functional specification with ATM influences accomplished February 2000.  Neither European standard achieved the commercial success of 802.11, although much of the work on HiperLAN/2 has survived in the physical specification (PHY) for IEEE 802.11a, which is nearly identical to the PHY of HiperLAN/2.

In 2009 802.11n was added to 802.11. It operates in both the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands at a maximum data transfer rate of 600 Mbit/s. Most newer routers are able to utilise both wireless bands, known as dualband. This allows data communications to avoid the crowded 2.4 GHz band, which is also shared with Bluetooth devices and microwave ovens. The 5 GHz band is also wider than the 2.4 GHz band, with more channels, which permits a greater number of devices to share the space. Not all channels are available in all regions.

A HomeRF group formed in 1997 to promote a technology aimed for residential use, but it disbanded at the end of 2002.

Architecture

Stations
All components that can connect into a wireless medium in a network are referred to as stations (STA).
All stations are equipped with wireless network interface controllers (WNICs).
Wireless stations fall into two categories: wireless access points, and clients.
Access points (APs), normally wireless routers, are base stations for the wireless network. They transmit and receive radio frequencies for wireless enabled devices to communicate with.
Wireless clients can be mobile devices such as laptops, personal digital assistants, IP phones and other smartphones, or non-portable devices such as desktop computers, printers, and workstations that are equipped with a wireless network interface.

Basic service set
The basic service set (BSS) is a set of all stations that can communicate with each other at PHY layer.
Every BSS has an identification (ID) called the BSSID, which is the MAC address of the access point servicing the BSS.

There are two types of BSS: Independent BSS (also referred to as IBSS), and infrastructure BSS.
An independent BSS (IBSS) is an ad hoc network that contains no access points, which means they cannot connect to any other basic service set.

Independent basic service set
An IBSS is a set of STAs configured in ad hoc (peer-to-peer)mode.

Extended service set
An extended service set (ESS) is a set of connected BSSs. Access points in an ESS are connected by a distribution system. Each ESS has an ID called the SSID which is a 32-byte (maximum) character string.

Distribution system
A distribution system (DS) connects access points in an extended service set.
The concept of a DS can be used to increase network coverage through roaming between cells.

DS can be wired or wireless. Current wireless distribution systems are mostly based on WDS or MESH protocols, though other systems are in use.

Types of wireless LANs
The IEEE 802.11 has two basic modes of operation: infrastructure and ad hoc mode. In ad hoc mode, mobile units transmit directly peer-to-peer. In infrastructure mode, mobile units communicate through an access point that serves as a bridge to other networks (such as Internet or LAN).

Since wireless communication uses a more open medium for communication in comparison to wired LANs, the 802.11 designers also included encryption mechanisms: Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP, now insecure), Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA, WPA2, WPA3), to secure wireless computer networks. Many access points will also offer Wi-Fi Protected Setup, a quick (but now insecure) method of joining a new device to an encrypted network.

Infrastructure
Most Wi-Fi networks are deployed in infrastructure mode.

In infrastructure mode, a base station acts as a wireless access point hub, and nodes communicate through the hub. The hub usually, but not always, has a wired or fiber network connection, and may have permanent wireless connections to other nodes.

Wireless access points are usually fixed, and provide service to their client nodes within range.

Wireless clients, such as laptops and smartphones, connect to the access point to join the network.

Sometimes a network will have a multiple access points, with the same 'SSID' and security arrangement. In that case connecting to any access point on that network joins the client to the network. In that case, the client software will try to choose the access point to try to give the best service, such as the access point with the strongest signal.

Peer-to-peer

An ad hoc network (not the same as a WiFi Direct network) is a network where stations communicate only peer to peer (P2P). There is no base and no one gives permission to talk.
This is accomplished using the Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS).

A WiFi Direct network is another type of network where stations communicate peer to peer.

In a Wi-Fi P2P group, the group owner operates as an access point and all other devices are clients. There are two main methods to establish a group owner in the Wi-Fi Direct group. In one approach, the user sets up a P2P group owner manually. This method is also known as Autonomous Group Owner (autonomous GO). In the second method, also called negotiation-based group creation, two devices compete based on the group owner intent value. The device with higher intent value becomes a group owner and the second device becomes a client. Group owner intent value can depend on whether the wireless device performs a cross-connection between an infrastructure WLAN service and a P2P group, remaining power in the wireless device, whether the wireless device is already a group owner in another group and/or a received signal strength of the first wireless device.

A peer-to-peer network allows wireless devices to directly communicate with each other. Wireless devices within range of each other can discover and communicate directly without involving central access points. This method is typically used by two computers so that they can connect to each other to form a network. This can basically occur in devices within a closed range.

If a signal strength meter is used in this situation, it may not read the strength accurately and can be misleading, because it registers the strength of the strongest signal, which may be the closest computer.

IEEE 802.11 defines the physical layer (PHY) and MAC (Media Access Control) layers based on CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance). This is in contrast to Ethernet which uses CSMA-CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection). The 802.11 specification includes provisions designed to minimize collisions, because two mobile units may both be in range of a common access point, but out of range of each other.

Bridge
A bridge can be used to connect networks, typically of different types. A wireless Ethernet bridge allows the connection of devices on a wired Ethernet network to a wireless network. The bridge acts as the connection point to the Wireless LAN.

Wireless distribution system
A wireless distribution system (WDS) enables the wireless interconnection of access points in an IEEE 802.11 network. It allows a wireless network to be expanded using multiple access points without the need for a wired backbone to link them, as is traditionally required. The notable advantage of a WDS over other solutions is that it preserves the MAC addresses of client packets across links between access points.

An access point can be either a main, relay or remote base station. A main base station is typically connected to the wired Ethernet. A relay base station relays data between remote base stations, wireless clients or other relay stations to either a main or another relay base station. A remote base station accepts connections from wireless clients and passes them to relay or main stations. Connections between clients are made using MAC addresses rather than by specifying IP assignments.

All base stations in a WDS must be configured to use the same radio channel, and share WEP keys or WPA keys if they are used. They can be configured to different service set identifiers. WDS also requires that every base station be configured to forward to others in the system as mentioned above.

WDS capability may also be referred to as repeater mode because it appears to bridge and accept wireless clients at the same time (unlike traditional bridging). Throughput in this method is halved for all clients connected wirelessly.

When it is difficult to connect all of the access points in a network by wires, it is also possible to put up access points as repeaters.

Roaming

There are two definitions for wireless LAN roaming:

 Internal roaming: The Mobile Station (MS) moves from one access point (AP) to another AP within a home network if the signal strength is too weak. An authentication server (RADIUS) performs the re-authentication of MS via 802.1x (e.g. with PEAP). The billing of QoS is in the home network. A Mobile Station roaming from one access point to another often interrupts the flow of data among the Mobile Station and an application connected to the network. The Mobile Station, for instance, periodically monitors the presence of alternative access points (ones that will provide a better connection). At some point, based on proprietary mechanisms, the Mobile Station decides to re-associate with an access point having a stronger wireless signal. The Mobile Station, however, may lose a connection with an access point before associating with another access point. In order to provide reliable connections with applications, the Mobile Station must generally include software that provides session persistence.
 External roaming: The MS (client) moves into a WLAN of another Wireless Internet Service Provider (WISP) and takes their services (Hotspot). The user can use a foreign network independently from their home network, provided that the foreign network allows visiting users on their network. There must be special authentication and billing systems for mobile services in a foreign network.

Applications
Wireless LANs have a great deal of applications.  Modern implementations of WLANs range from small in-home networks to large, campus-sized ones to completely mobile networks on airplanes and trains.

Users can access the Internet from WLAN hotspots in restaurants, hotels, and now with portable devices that connect to 3G or 4G networks. Oftentimes these types of public access points require no registration or password to join the network.  Others can be accessed once registration has occurred and/or a fee is paid.

Existing Wireless LAN infrastructures can also be used to work as indoor positioning systems with no modification to the existing hardware.


SM UB-46

SM UB-46 was a Type UB II submarine or U-boat for the German Imperial Navy () during World War I. UB-46 operated in the Mediterranean and the Black Seas, and was sunk by a mine in December 1916.

UB-46 was ordered in July 1915 and was laid down at the AG Weser shipyard in Bremen in September. UB-46 was a little more than  in length and displaced between , depending on whether surfaced or submerged. She was equipped to carry a complement of four torpedoes for her two bow torpedo tubes and had an  deck gun. As part of a group of six submarines selected for Mediterranean service, UB-46 was broken into railcar sized components and shipped to Pola where she was assembled and launched in May 1916, and commissioned in June.

In early December 1916, during the submarine's fifth patrol, UB-46 struck a mine in the Black Sea a short distance from the north entrance to the Bosphorus and sank with all hands. In her six-month career, UB-46 sank four ships of .

Design and construction
The German UB II design improved upon the design of the UB I boats, which had been ordered in September 1914. In service, the UB I boats were found to be too small and too slow. A major problem was that, because they had a single propeller shaft/engine combo, if either component failed, the U-boat became almost totally disabled. To rectify this flaw, the UB II boats featured twin propeller shafts and twin engines (one shaft for each engine), which also increased the U-boat's top speed. The new design also included more powerful batteries, larger torpedo tubes, and a deck gun. As a UB II boat, U-47 could also carry twice the torpedo load of her UB I counterparts, and nearly ten times as much fuel. To contain all of these changes the hull was larger, and the surface and submerged displacement was more than double that of the UB I boats.

The Imperial German Navy ordered UB-46 from AG Weser on 31 July 1915 as one of a series of six UB II boats (numbered from  to ). UB-46 was  long and  abeam. She had a single hull with saddle tanks and had a draught of  when surfaced. She displaced  while submerged but only  on the surface.

The submarine was equipped with twin Daimler diesel engines and twin Siemens-Schuckert electric motors—for surfaced and submerged running, respectively. UB-46 had a surface speed of up to  and could go as fast as  while underwater. The U-boat could carry up to  of diesel fuel, giving her a range of at . Her electric motors and batteries provided a range of at  while submerged.

UB-46 was equipped with two  bow torpedo tubes and could carry four torpedoes. The U-boat was also armed with one  Uk L/30 deck gun.

UB-46 was laid down by AG Weser at its Bremen shipyard on 4 September 1915. As one of six U-boats selected for service in the Mediterranean while under construction, UB-46 was broken into railcar-sized components and shipped overland to the Austro-Hungarian port of Pola. Shipyard workers from Weser assembled the boat and her five sisters at Pola, where she was launched on 17 June.

Service career
SM UB-46 was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 12 June 1916 under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Cäsar Bauer. UB-46, Bauer's third U-boat command, was assigned to the Navy's Pola Flotilla (). Although the flotilla was based in Pola, the site of the main Austro-Hungarian Navy base, boats of the flotilla operated out of the Austro-Hungarian base at Cattaro which was located farther south and closer to the Mediterranean. German U-boats typically returned to Pola only for repairs. After a month at the helm of UB-46, Bauer was promoted to Kapitänleutnant.

On 2 August, Bauer achieved his first success in command of UB-46 when the Japanese steamer Kohina Maru was sunk off Alexandria just short of her destination of Port Said. A week later the U-boat sank the Greek sailing vessel Basileios which was headed back to the Adriatic from Egypt. On 2 October, Bauer torpedoed Huntsfall which was carrying hay to Salonica, and took the ship's master prisoner. The  British steamer was the largest ship sunk by UB-46.

After Germany's conquest of Romania (see Romania during World War I), the German Imperial Navy had sufficient fuel oil for submarines located in the Black Sea. UB-46 and three of her sister ships in the Pola Flotilla were ordered to Constantinople and, en route, had to navigate through the Dardanelles, which had been heavily mined by the Allies in the middle of 1916. UB-46 joined the Constantinople Flotilla () on 7 October.

The German submarines in the Black Sea accomplished little, sinking only six ships between August and the end of the year. UB-46 sank one of the six ships when she sent down the 116-ton Russian ship Melanie north of Cape Tarkhan on 7 November. Melanie was the last ship sunk by UB-46. By early December, UB-46 was based out of Varna, Bulgaria.

Fate
On 7 December 1916, the stern of UB-46 struck a Russian mine  off the shore of the Turkish village of Akpınar, approximately  north-west of the entrance to the Bosphorus. The vessel's entire complement (reported by Helgason as 20) perished in the sinking.

A  portion of the wreck comprising the forward section of the torpedo room and battery compartment was located in 1993 during coal extraction operations and was salvaged by the Turkish navy; the remainder of the vessel could not be located. She was put on display in an outdoor exhibit at the Turkish Naval Museum in Istanbul. The wreckage was transferred to the Dardanelles Naval Museum at Çanakkale in 2008, where the remains of the vessel are currently on display.

Ships sunk

Notes


The 2013 Norfolk State Spartans football team represented Norfolk State University in the 2013 NCAA Division I FCS football season. They were led by ninth-year head coach Pete Adrian and played their home games at William "Dick" Price Stadium. They were a member of the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference (MEAC).

The Spartans came into the season having been picked to finish seventh in the MEAC. The Spartans also entered the season with five players having been picked for the MEAC Pre-Season All-Conference 1st Team and four players having been selected for the 2nd-team.

They finished the season 3–9, 3–5 in MEAC play to finish in a tie for eighth place.

Schedule

Source: Schedule


Leucopogon amplexicaulis

Leucopogon amplexicaulis, commonly known as the beard-heath, is a shrub found in southeastern Australia.

English botanist Edward Rudge was the first to describe this species as Styphelia amplexicaulis in 1807. It was later renamed by the prolific Scottish botanist, Robert Brown in his 1810 work Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae. The species name is Latin for "stem-clasping" and refers to the leaves.

It grows as a slender plant up to 0.9 m (3 ft) high, sometimes with a scrambling habit. The small branches have fine hairs. The leaves measure 9.5 to 34 mm in length by 4.5 to 20 mm across, and are distinctively heart-shaped and surround the stem at their base. The white flowers appear from July to November, peaking over August and September. Three to twelve small tubelike flowers arise along stalks up to 3.7 cm long. These are followed by the development of fleshy fruit known as drupes which are ripe from September to December.

Leucopogon amplexicaulis ranges from the Sydney Basin south to Shoalhaven on the New South Wales South Coast. It is found on sandstone soils in sclerophyll forest, where it grows in sheltered locations on sandstone outcrops and platforms, often near natural seepage. In the Sydney region it is associated with trees such as Sydney peppermint (Eucalyptus piperita), red bloodwood (Corymbia gummifera) and smooth-barked apple (Angophora costata), and shrubs such as heath banksia (Banksia ericifolia), coral fern (Gleichenia dicarpa) and dog rose (Bauera rubioides).

Plants live between twenty and thirty years, and become more common in areas long unburnt by bushfire. Leucopogon amplexicaulis is killed by fire and regenerates by seed. The seeds are thought to possibly be dispersed by ants.

Members of the genus Leucopogon are seldom cultivated, as their propagation by seed or cutting can be difficult. L. amplexicaulis requires a well-drained site with ample moisture and dappled shade in a garden situation.

Reproduction
Beard-heath is killed by fire and regenerates by seed. The seeds are thought to possibly be dispersed by ants. These plants, which are members of the genus Leucopogon are seldom cultivated as their propagation by seed or cutting can sometimes be difficult.

They can be cultivated if grown, in humus-enriched and well-drained soil. They best grown in full sun, which keeps the growth impact, and may benefit from light trimming. If they are propagated from seed, they mostly need stratification or prolonged soaking, of from layers or half-hardened tip cuttings. For growing in gardens, they must have a well-drained site with ample moisture and dappled shade with a cool root run provided by large stones.

Uses
It is mainly used for ornamental purposes in home gardens and public parks. They are also displayed at botanical gardens for educational purposes. It also has decorative value and can be used to make bouquets. It has various environmental beneficial effects which are similar to other plants. Its roots bind to the soil and prevent soil erosion.

The plant has chlorophyll in its leaves perform photosynthesis, which means taking in the carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen and thus fighting global warming.


Wildcat (Hersheypark)

Wildcat is a wooden roller coaster located at Hersheypark in Hershey, Pennsylvania. The coaster opened on May 26, 1996, as the anchor attraction of the Midway America section of the park. Wildcat was the first coaster built by Great Coasters International, and initially ran with trains built by the Philadelphia Toboggan Company until 2007 when they were replaced with GCI's Millennium Flyer trains.

History
The ride, opened in 1996, was named after The Wild Cat, Hersheypark's first roller coaster, which operated from 1923-1945.

Ride experience
Like many other GCI coasters, Wildcat contains a curved first drop to reduce chances of nausea. There is an on-ride camera located towards the end of the ride prior to the final brake run.

Characteristics
The ride was known for being extremely rough and painful while operating with the original trains. After the ride was retrofitted with Millennium Flyer trains, guests and enthusiasts alike noticed that the ride was less painful but retained its original roughness.

The Wildcat is located on a relatively large hill, causing it to appear much higher than it is in reality.

Rankings

Images


Ed Chapman (baseball)

Edwin Volney "Ed" Chapman (November 28, 1905 – May 3, 2000) was a Major League Baseball pitcher who played for the Washington Senators in .

External links


Ayer y Hoy (Ana Gabriel album)

Ayer y Hoy (English Yesterday and today) is the 10th studio album by Mexican pop singer Ana Gabriel. It was released on 1994. This material was produced by herself. She praises several idols of ranchera music with this material like Agustín Lara, José A. Jiménez, Juan Gabriel, Armando Manzanero and Cuco Sánchez. Ayer y Hoy was nominated for a Lo Nuestro Award for Regional Mexican Album of the Year at the 7th Lo Nuestro Awards.

Track listing
Tracks:
 Mírales, Escúchales - 03:22
 Que Manera De Perder - 03:28
 Dos Locos De Amor - 03:05
 Como Agua Para Chocolate - 04:09
 Tú Lo Decidiste - 03:49
 Último Adiós - 03:30
 Parece Que Fue Ayer - 03:10
 Vámonos - 02:59
 No Tengo Dinero - 03:14
 De Aquí Para Allá - 03:45
 Silverio Pérez - 02:37
 México Lindo & Querido/Cielito Lindo - 05:25

Singles
 Tú Lo Decidiste
 Como Agua Para Chocolate
 No Tengo Dinero

Singles charts

Album chart
This release reached the #2 position in Regional Mexican Albums staying for 26 weeks  and it reached the #6 position in the Billboard Top Latin Albums staying for 35 weeks in the chart.

Sales and certifications


Andron (architecture)

Andron (Greek:  andrōn), or andronitis ( andrōnitis), is part of a Greek house that is reserved for men, as distinguished from the gynaeceum ( gynaikeion), the women's quarters. The andron was used for entertaining male guests. For this purpose the andron held several couches, usually an odd number to allow space for the door, tables which could be tucked under the couches, artwork and any other necessary paraphernalia. Not all classical Greek houses were large enough to have a dedicated andron, and even those that did might have used the room for mixed-gendered events and women receiving female guests, as well as men hosting symposia.

In excavations at Olynthus, rooms identified as andrones contained items identified with female activities, as in the rest of the house.