Amara Silpi Jakkanna

Amara Silpi Jakkanna is a 1964 Telugu, devotional biographical film, produced and directed by veteran B. S. Ranga under the Vikram Studios banner. It stars Akkineni Nageswara Rao, B. Saroja Devi in the lead roles and music composed by S. Rajeswara Rao. Thespian Akkineni Nageswara Rao enacted the role of Amara Silpi Jakkanna, known for sculpting Kalyani Chalukyas and Hoysalas. This film is the first Telugu Eastmancolor production. In the song "Malligeya Hoovinantha", Jayalalithaa danced and the song is hailed as classic till date. This movie is a remake of director's own Kannada movie Amarashilpi Jakkanachari.

Plot
There existed a great sculptor named Mallanna (Nagaiah) in the current day of Karnataka region. His son Jakkanna (ANR) inherits these qualities from his father and becomes a great sculptor by the time he reaches young age. He spends most of the time inbetween stones and dreams of making them into great sculptures. It is at this moment he falls in love with a dancer named Manjari (B. Saroja), a breathtakingly beautiful woman and a great dancer. They appreciate each other’s art and get married. When things go on a relaxed pace, the king Gopadevudu (Udayakumar) lusts for Manjari. In dramatic circumstances, Manjari happens to dance in the court of Gopadevudu. Seeing that, Jakkanna is left heartbroken. He starts suspecting Manjari and establishes a huge temple compound.  With severe sadness, Jakkanna leaves to an unknown location in grief. He tries to tell people not to love or fall for a woman and gets abuses in return. It is when Bhagawan Ramanujacharya (Dhulipalla) rescues Jakkanna and takes him towards the direction of service to God. Jakkanna rightfully follows the path and dedicates himself to make beautiful temples. Meanwhile, Manjari who is already pregnant attempts suicide because her husband left him.  She is rescued by fishermen (Relangi, Girija) and delivers a baby boy. She names the son Dankana (Haranath). Dankana trains under his grandfather Mallanna and becomes a great sculptor. Vishnuvardhana (Kannada Narasimha Raju), the Emperor of Hoyasala makes a huge temple in Belur on the advice of Ramanujacharya. Dramatically, Jakanna and Dankana meet there. However, they don’t realize that they are father and son respectively.  Dankana points out a flaw in a brilliantly made sculpture by Jakkanna in public. Jakkanna takes the challenge and when Dankana hits the sculpture with a hammer, a frog comes out of it. Jakkanna immediately chops his arms off. Manjari reaches then and gets sad to see her husband and son. After the prayers in Belur temple in the presence of Ramanujacharya, Jakkanna gets back his hands. The family reunites. Jakkanna gets the title Amarasilpi, thereby making history.

Cast
Akkineni Nageswara Rao as Jakkannacharya
B. Saroja Devi as Manjari
Chittor V. Nagaiah as Mallanna
Haranath as Dankanna
Udaya Kumar as Gopadevudu
Dhulipala as Ramanuja Charya
Relangi as Sundaram
A. V. Subba Rao as Vishnu Vardhanudu
Suryakantham as Rajamma
Girija  as Gangu
Pushpavalli as Shanthala
Jayalalithaa as Dancer

Crew
Art: Shekar
Choreography: Heeralal, Dandayagapaani, A. K. Chopra, Sarasa
Stills: Kuppu Swamy
Dialogues: Samudrala
Lyrics: Samudrala, C. Narayana Reddy, Dasaradhi, Kosaraju
Playback: Ghantasala, P. Susheela, Madhavapeddi Satyam, Vasantha, Swarnalatha, Padma
Music: S. Rajeswara Rao
Editing: P. J. Mohan, M. Devendra Nath, Chakrapani
Cinematography - Screenplay - Producer - Director: B. S. Ranga
Banner: Vikram Studios
Release Date: 27 March 1963

Soundtrack

Music composed by S. Rajeswara Rao. Music released on Audio Company.

Awards
National Film Awards
National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Telugu - 1963


Hotel de Paree

Hotel de Paree is a Western television series starring Earl Holliman that aired thirty-three episodes on the CBS Friday evening from October 2, 1959, until June 3, 1960, under the alternate sponsorship of the Liggett & Myers company (L&M cigarettes) and Kellogg's.

The show starred Holliman as Sundance, a gunfighter just released after seventeen years in prison. In the first episode, he is in Georgetown, Colorado, where he kills the town villain and is then urged by the citizens to become the marshal. He accepts the job and also becomes a part owner of the Hotel de Paree, owned by two French women, Annette Deveraux, played by Jeanette Nolan, and her niece, Monique (Judi Meredith), relatives of the man whom he had earlier killed. Sundance wore a string of polished silver dollars  in the band of his black Stetson, which often blinded his adversaries.

During the run of the series, Sundance dealt with assorted antagonists and maintained flirtations with both of the Deveraux women. Sundance also befriended a local shopkeeper, Aaron Donoger, played by veteran Western performer Strother Martin. The program was filmed at CBS Studio Center.  On the evening of the series debut broadcast, October 2, 1959, star Earl Holliman also appeared an hour later in the premiere episode of The Twilight Zone, "Where Is Everybody?", which also aired on CBS.

Guest stars on Hotel de Paree included Philip Abbott, Theodore Bikel, Sebastian Cabot, Russ Conway, Dennis Cross, Walter Coy, Royal Dano, King Donovan, Brian Donlevy, Jack Elam, Leif Erickson, Ron Hayes, Allyn Joslyn, Don Keefer, Nora Marlowe, Martin Milner, Read Morgan, Gregg Palmer, John M. Pickard, Judson Pratt, Darryl Richard, Peter Mark Richman, Vic Tayback, and Peter Whitney.

A comic-book adaptation, written by Gaylord Du Bois, appeared in Dell's Four Color #1126.

Episode list

External links

 Video clips of Two openings and One close of episodes of Hotel de Paree


Two-wheeler

A two-wheeler is a vehicle that runs on two wheels.

The two wheels may be arranged in tandem, one behind the other, as with single-track vehicles, or arranged side by side, on the same axle. If on the same axle, the vehicle may be have no other support, as with dicycles, or have additional support, which is often also the source of motive power.

Wheeled single-track vehicles include:
 Dandy horsees, velocipedes, or draisines, forerunners of bicycles
 Bicycles, a pedal-powered two-wheeler
 Motorcycles, a motor-powered two-wheeler, similar in construction with bicycles

Dicycles include:
 Self-balancing scooters, also known as hoverboards
 Segway PTs, a brand of self-balancing personal transporters

Two-wheelers intended to be used with additional support, which is also the source of motive power, include:
 Cabs or hansoms on two wheels
 Hand trucks, two-wheeled devices used for transporting bulky or heavy items such as furniture or golf clubs
 Many trailers, especially semi-trailers

Two-wheelers intended to be used with additional support, which is not the source of motive power, include:
 Two-wheel tractors


Marc Klasfeld

Marc Klasfeld is an American music video director. He has directed over two hundred music videos for artists such as Slipknot, Sum 41, Katy Perry, Jay-Z, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Britney Spears, Kid Rock, Michael Bublé, Nelly, Foo Fighters, Kelly Clarkson, Charli XCX, Little Mix, Nick Jonas, Twenty One Pilots,  Avril Lavigne, Aerosmith and many others with multiple award wins and nominations.

His hit video for Wiz Khalifa and Charlie Puth's "See You Again" is currently the 2nd most viewed video on YouTube at 3 billion views, surpassing Psy's "Gangnam Style" on July 10, 2017, but later surpassed by Luis Fonsi and Daddy Yankee's "Despacito" on August 4, 2017. He is also the founder of Rockhard, a music video production company that has produced videos for Justin Bieber, Lady Gaga, LMFAO, Britney Spears, Aerosmith, Prince, Mariah Carey, Kelly Rowland, Jessie J, Pixie Lott, Adam Lambert, and Big Time Rush among others.

He is also a director of television commercials for Target, Nike, NFL, NBA, Motorola, Reebok, Cartoon Network and Hummer. His best-known commercial work is for Justin Timberlake's Target campaign, ESPN's This is SportsCenter campaign, Hammer Pants Dance for the A&E Network's reality show Hammertime, Avril Lavigne's Canon campaigns and Smirnoff's Green Tea Partay viral video sung by Sebastian Siegel.

On March 29, 2010 Klasfeld released a comedic video of an elementary school reenactment of the Al Pacino film Scarface, entitled "Scarface School Play". It went viral on CNN, CBS, ABC, NBC and Fox News.

Klasfeld made his film writing and directorial debut in 2005 with The L.A. Riot Spectacular.  He has also directed for the HBO show Oz.

He is a graduate of NYU's Tisch School of the Arts.

Partial videography


Koanophyllon solidaginifolium

Koanophyllon solidaginifolium, the Shrubby umbrella thoroughwort, is a plant species native to Arizona, western  Texas, New Mexico, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Jalisco, and Zacatecas. It grows primarily on canyon walls, ledges, and other stony outcrops.

Koanophyllon solidaginifolium is an herb or subshrub up to 100 cm (39 inches) in height. Leaves are lanceolate with rounded bases and narrow pointed tips. Flowers are usually white, but sometimes tinged with purple or yellow.


Vineyard Golf Club

The Vineyard Golf Club on Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts, (opened in 2002) uses no synthetic pesticides, fertilizers or herbicides  making it the only organic golf course in the U.S. The superintendent at the Vineyard Golf Club, Jeff Carlson, was the recipient of the 2003 GCSAA/Golf Digest Environmental Leaders in Golf Award and is the 2008 winner of the President's Award for Environmental Stewardship.

Carlson has used the course as a test site for new maintenance practices and products which have helped other courses become more environmentally friendly. The Vineyard Golf club gained further notoriety in 2009 when President Barack Obama played the course, and then in 2010 when he returned to Martha's Vineyard and played the course multiple times.


Monument Valley (video game)

Monument Valley is an indie puzzle game developed and published by Ustwo Games. The player leads the princess Ida through mazes of optical illusions and impossible objects while manipulating the world around her to reach various platforms. Monument Valley was developed over ten months beginning in early 2013 based on concept drawings by company artist Ken Wong. Its visual style was inspired by Japanese prints, minimalist sculpture, and indie games Windosill, Fez, and Sword & Sworcery, and was compared by critics to M. C. Escher drawings and Echochrome. The art was designed such that each frame would be worthy of public display. After a closed beta test, it was released for iOS on April 3, 2014, and was later ported to Android and Windows Phone. The game received generally favorable reviews. Critics praised its art and sound design, but noted its lack of difficulty and short length. It won a 2014 Apple Design Award, was named Apple's best iPad game of 2014, and sold over two million copies by January 2015; by May 2016, sales of the game exceeded 26 million.

A sequel, Monument Valley 2, was released for both iOS and Android in June and November 2017, respectively.

Gameplay

In Monument Valley, player-character princess Ida journeys through mazes of optical illusions and impossible objects, which are referred to as "sacred geometry" in-game, as she journeys to be forgiven for something. The game is presented in isometric view, and the player interacts with the environment to find hidden passages as Ida progresses to the map's exit. Each of the ten levels has a different central mechanic. Interactions include moving platforms and pillars, and creating bridges. The player is indirectly cued through the game by design elements like color, and directly cued by crow people, who block Ida's path. Critics compared the game's visual style to a vibrant M. C. Escher drawing and Echochrome. The game includes a camera mode where the player can roam the level to compose screenshots. It includes filters similar to those of Instagram.

Development
Monument Valley was developed by Ustwo, a digital design firm founded in 2004 that has produced iPhone apps since 2007. Their Whale Trail game received millions of downloads, and their other apps include design app Granimator and photo sharing app Rando. Monument Valley was conceived as a touch game for tablets. Its development began in the beginning of 2013, and lasted 10 months. It was developed under the working title, Tower of Illusion. It began with a piece of concept art drawn in the style of M. C. Escher, and the final design did not deviate far from this original. Ustwo management did not give the development team a timeline or budget, and instead told them to focus on "making a high-quality product". Games development is not a large portion of Ustwo's revenue, so the company focuses its games development on producing "great products" that reflect well on the company, rather than highly profitable apps.

Of the art style, game designer and artist Ken Wong said he aspired to make each frame of the gameplay worthy of public display. The project began as Wong's concept drawings before it became a game project. The visual style  was inspired by Japanese prints, minimalist sculpture, and indie games Windosill, Fez, and Superbrothers: Sword & Sworcery EP. Wong added that the gameplay was designed to let the player find the object of the game through exploration, without direct guidance. The game uses colors to signify where the player can interact, similar to Mirror's Edge. Wong compared the gameplay experience to a cross between the wonder of a toy shop and the world of The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe, and its story to a symbolic "song" rather than a narrative book. The game was designed to be completed by most players, a style uncommon for games designed for popular audiences. It was intended to be a "premium experience" rather than a difficult challenge.

The game was in beta as of December 2013, where it had over 1,000 testers and the average finish time was 90 minutes. It was planned as an iPad exclusive. The game was initially released for iOS on April 3, 2014, and the company recouped their cost of development within the first two weeks of release. An Android port went through two beta tests and was later released on May 14, 2014. More levels were in development, as of April 2014. Ustwo said they were adding the levels for "artistic reasons", such as ideas they wanted to try but could not fit into the original release. Wong stated that, with consumer interest, the company would consider porting the game to other platforms. The game's technical director said that the game was "not very difficult to port" since it was written in the Unity game engine. But as the game was built with a portrait (vertical) screen orientation in mind, the developer had difficulty converting the game for devices with landscape-oriented (horizontal) screens, such as the YouTube trailer video format and the PlayStation Vita.

An add-on expansion, entitled Forgotten Shores, was released for iOS devices on November 12, 2014, on the Appstore on November 20, 2014 and on Google Play Store on November 24, 2014. This adds eight additional levels to the ten in the original game. An expansion pack titled Ida's (RED) Dream was available for purchase for a limited time as part of Apple's Apps for Red initiative. This expansion pack could be played with or without the additional purchase of Forgotten Shores, featuring Ida in a red outfit and several new puzzles. A Windows Phone port was released on April 30, 2015.

The game's soundtrack features music by Stafford Bawler, Obfusc, and Grigori. A limited edition vinyl two-volume recording is set to be released by Ustwo and iam8bit sometime in the second quarter of 2016, and will include the music from the main game and its two expansions.

Reception

The game received "generally favorable" reviews, according to video game review score aggregator Metacritic. It immediately went to the top of the App Store paid apps chart, where it stayed for at least a month based on strong reviews and word of mouth. It was chosen as an App Store Editor's Choice and later both received a 2014 Apple Design Award and was named Apple's best iPad game of 2014. Pocket Gamer gave the game their gold award, and their Harry Slater wrote that there was "nothing else like Monument Valley on the App Store".

Multiple reviewers cited the art and sound design as exceptional. Edge added that the sound design's addition of "deep rumbles" and environmental "clicks" gave the game the feeling of Tomb Raider moving "ancient mechanisms". TouchArcade Shaun Musgrave called the visuals "almost impossibly gorgeous", and Wired wrote that the game "might be the most beautiful iPad game of 2014". Creative Review called the game's puzzles "clever" and appreciated the developers' attention to detail.

While Polygon Danielle Riendeau praised the puzzle design, other critics noted its lack of difficulty and short length. Riendeau wrote that the puzzles solutions always felt intuitive and never felt frustrating. She found "everything" about the game to be "soothing, almost hypnotic". Edge thought that the game did not present a "genuine" challenge, and that the puzzles did not "find fresh ways to confound and delight" until the final levels. The magazine compared the game to "assembling flat-pack furniture": straightforward in its process, but rewarding in its transformation. Harry Slater of Pocket Gamer wrote that the game was "almost breathtakingly unique". Riendeau said she finished the game in under three hours, and TouchArcade Shaun Musgrave, who could not "even begin to imagine anyone getting stuck on ... the puzzles", put the game's length at "an hour and change". Jeff Marchiafava of Game Informer wanted more content. He was also unsatisfied with the game's narrative, which he found "obtuse" and "vague" to a fault. Musgrave of TouchArcade thought that while games that focus on experiences can be shorter, Monument Valley did not last long enough "for the mechanics to reach their full potential", though the time was "just about right" for the story.

Monument Valley sold 500,000 copies in a month, and one million copies in three months. In November 2014, the game had sold 1.4 million copies and by January 2015, the game had sold 2.4 million copies. In January 2015, Ustwo noted that the game had seen a large amount of software piracy, with 95% of the installs on Android and 60% on iOS devices coming from unpaid copies; the company asserted some of these may include users installing on multiple devices but believe the majority was though users that had not purchased the title. While these numbers were discouraging, the company asserted it will continue to develop premium titles for mobile devices. Despite the piracy, Ustwo stated they have exceeded $6 million in revenue from sales of the game as of mid-January 2015, exceeding the $1.4 million in development costs. By January 2016, USTwo reported that more than 24 million users have downloaded the game, the ten-fold increase from 2015 partially due to legitimate giveaways of the game through Apple's App Store, Google Play, and Amazon Underground. Of about seven million of the free downloads through Apple, about 35% of them purchased the "Forgotten Shores" expansion. Ustwo reported total sales over $14 million from 26 million copies by May 2016.

The game was named as a finalist for Innovation Award, Best Visual Art, and Best Handhold/Mobile Game for the 2015 Game Developers Choice Awards, and was an honorable mention for Best Design. The game was also named a finalist for Outstanding Achievement in Art Direction, Outstanding Achievement in Game Direction, Outstanding Innovation in Gaming, Mobile Game of the Year, and the D.I.C.E. Spirit Award for the 18th Annual D.I.C.E. Awards by the Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences. The title won the BAFTA Video Game Awards for best "British Game" and "Mobile/Handheld Game", while nominated for "Best Game", "Artistic Achievement", and "Original Property" awards. At the 2014 National Academy of Video Game Trade Reviewers (NAVGTR) awards Monument Valley won the category Game, Special Class and was nominated for Game Design, New IP and Art Direction, Fantasy. Time magazine placed the game on their best of list while being Game Informers "Editor's Choice" for "Best Mobile Exclusive".

Legacy
The game was a "minor plot point" in the third season of House of Cards, in which Frank Underwood plays the game; he is inspired by video gamer reviewer Thomas Yates's elegant description of Monument Valley to bring the reviewer on as his biographer. According to the studio Ustwo, they were approached by Netflix about including the game in the story, and the studio readily agreed without any financial compensation. They made a specialized version of the game for the show to aid in filming and to meet a description of the game provided within the script for the first episode in which it appeared. Ustwo saw the opportunity to introduce the title to a different audience set, and have already seen an increase in sales as a result of this appearance. The game re-entered the top of the most download app charts on the major app stores a few days after the February 2015 release of the season on Netflix. Monument Valley characters were added to the cast of Crossy Road in late 2015. Jaz Rignall (USgamer) noted that the 2015 Lara Croft Go appeared to have been influenced by Monument Valley. Ken Wong left Ustwo Games soon after completing Monument Valley to create his own studio, Mountains, which created Florence.

Monument Valley was reported to have a significant influence on China's indie game development community, as its ability to tell an emotional story through a video game medium influenced numerous developers to build out their own games with similar narratives.

The game is an influence on the music video for Panic! at the Disco's Hallelujah song.

Ustwo developed a sequel Monument Valley 2, which was first released for iOS on June 5, 2017 and for Android on November 6, 2017.

Film adaptation
In August 2018, Paramount Animation and Weed Road, in partnership with Ustwo, announced plans to develop a live action/CGI hybrid film based on Monument Valley, with Patrick Osborne slated to direct. It is anticipated that the film will feature live actors exploring the computer generated settings based on the game. Osborne stated "I’m privileged to be handed the reins to Ida’s mysterious kingdom, to play in her world of impossible architecture where seeing things differently is everything".


Dendrobium lituiflorum

Dendrobium lituiflorum, the bent-racemed dendrobium, is a species of orchid. It is native to southern China (Yunnan, Guangxi), the Himalayas (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bangladesh) and northern Indochina (Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam).


Toppsy Curvey

Toppsy Curvey is a former big-bust feature dancer and pornographic video actress in the United States. She was a feature dancer in the late 1980s and by 1994 she began a brief soft-core pornographic video career. She is also the younger sister of fellow big-bust feature dancer and one-time porn actress Lulu Devine.

Television appearances
Curvey has made appearances on talk shows such as The Jerry Springer Show, The Jenny Jones Show and The Sally Jessy Raphael Show. She was once hired as a spokesmodel for the Howard Stern Show but walked off after engaging in a verbal battle with comedian Judy Tenuta. She has also appeared in such men's magazines as Score, Gent, Hustler's Busty Beauties, and D-Cup Magazine.

"Bandito" sports game crashing runs
In the Tampa area, Curvey's sister Lulu is known in local sports circles for her "Kissing Bandit" routine, made famous by former "Kissing Bandit", TV personality, big-bust model and three-time Playboy centerfold Morganna Roberts. Toppsy accompanied her sister numerous times on "bandito" runs, as she and her sister Lulu ran out on the fields during Tampa Bay Rays baseball and Tampa Bay Buccaneers football games to kiss players.

Curvey has also made appearances during other Major League Baseball games. On July 28, 1991, she planted a kiss on pitcher Scott Kamieniecki at Yankee Stadium. In August 1991, at a Mets game, she visited pitcher David Cone on the mound during the second inning. This event not only made news, but was also included in Sports and Courts by Frederick J. Day and You Be the Umpire! The Baseball Controversy Quiz Book by Richard Goldstein. Both these publications stated Curvey's name as Laurie Stathopoulos. However, after kissing pitcher Nolan Ryan in October 1991, the Los Angeles Times reported that Curvey gave her name as Kathy Stathopoulous.


Ottmar Elliger the Younger

Ottomar or Ottmar Elliger the Younger (1666–1735), was a Dutch painter from Germany.

He was born in Hamburg as the son of the Danish painter Ottomar Elliger the Elder. After being instructed in the first elements of the art by his father, he was sent to Amsterdam, where he became a scholar of Michiel van Musscher, a painter of small portraits and conversations, under whom he studied a short time, but being ambitious of distinguishing himself in a higher walk of art, and the works of Gerard de Lairesse being then in high reputation, he entered the school of that eminent master, whose instruction enabled him in a few years to dispense with further assistance. Elliger painted historical subjects in the style of De Lairesse, which were judiciously composed and correctly drawn. Like his instructor, he was particularly attentive to propriety of costume, and style of architecture. He was employed by the Elector of Mayence, for whom he painted the Death of Alexander, and the Marriage of Peleus and Thetis. His principal works are at Amsterdam, where he died in 1735. In the Vienna Gallery is a Woman with Fruit; in the Cassel Gallery are The Feast of Cleopatra, and The Daughter of Herodias dancing; and in the Bordeaux Museum is an Allegory, all of which are by him.

His sons Anthony Elliger and Ottomar Elliger (III) also became painters.


Knights of the Golden Eagle

The Knights of the Golden Eagle was a fraternal organization founded in Baltimore in 1872.

History

The orders original objectives were to help its members find employment and aid them while unemployed. Membership was open to white males over 18, without physical or mental handicaps, who were able to write and support themselves, were law-abiding of sound moral character and of the Christian faith. There was a female auxiliary called the Ladies of the Golden Eagle.

In the early years of its existence the group received assistance from other secret societies and fraternal groups. The Odd Fellows helped them become established in Philadelphia in 1875 and the Knights of Pythias helped them become established in Massachusetts in 1880.

Organization

Local lodges were called "Castles," statewide structures were called "Grand Castles", and the overall group "Supreme Castle". In the early 1920s the Knights were headquartered at 814−816 North Broad Street, Philadelphia. The last known headquarters of the group was in North Wales, Pennsylvania.

There was a female auxiliary called the Ladies of the Golden Eagle.

Membership
Membership was open to Christian white men over 18, who were of good moral character, sound mental and physical health, able to write and support himself and were law abiding citizens. By the early 1920s the group had 73,340 in 26 states. Membership began to decline in the 1930s. In 1965 the group had 15,000 members, mostly concentrated in Pennsylvania. In the late 1970s scholar Alvin J. Schmidt was unable to locate a current address for the group, and determined that it was extinct.

Ritual

The Knights' ritual worked three degrees, based on the history of the Crusades: the first degree accented the pilgrim and taught the candidate fidelity to God and man; the second degree used the medieval knight as its role model to teach the member to revere religion, fidelity, valor, charity, courtesy and hospitality; the third degree was based on the figure of the crusader and it "equipped the member against the evil of his enemies." Members of the Ladies of the Golden Eagle took one degree, the Temple Degree, upon being initiated. Oaths are sworn on an open Bible.

Eagle Home Association
This was the mutual benefit arm of the Knights. whose object was to protect aged members of the order, as well as their orphans and widows. It was supported by a per capita taxon such Castles has were enrolled in it.


Yeşiltepe, Vezirköprü

Yeşiltepe is a village in the District of Vezirköprü, Samsun Province, Turkey.


The 2013 World Mixed Doubles Curling Championship was held from April 13 to 20 at the newly constructed Grant-Harvey Centre in Fredericton, New Brunswick. The event was held in conjunction with the 2013 World Senior Curling Championships. This event marked the first time that Canada has hosted a World Mixed Doubles Curling Championship since its inception in 2008.

Teams
The teams are listed as follows:

Round robin standings
Final Round Robin Standings

Round robin results

Grey Pool

Saturday, April 13
Draw 1
9:00

Draw 4
20:00

Sunday, April 14
Draw 7
14:30

Monday, April 15
Draw 10
9:00

Draw 13
19:30

Tuesday, April 16
Draw 16
14:30

Wednesday, April 17
Draw 19
9:00

Draw 22
19:30

Thursday, April 18
Draw 25
14:30

Yellow Pool

Saturday, April 13
Draw 2
12:30

Sunday, April 14
Draw 5
8:00

Draw 8
17:45

Monday, April 15
Draw 11
12:30

Tuesday, April 16
Draw 14
8:00

Draw 17
17:45

Wednesday, April 17
Draw 20
12:30

Thursday, April 18
Draw 23
8:00

Draw 26
17:45

Blue Pool

Saturday, April 13
Draw 3
16:30

Sunday, April 14
Draw 6
11:15

Draw 9
21:00

Monday, April 15
Draw 12
16:00

Tuesday, April 16
Draw 15
11:15

Draw 18
21:00

Wednesday, April 17
Draw 21
16:00

Thursday, April 18
Draw 24
11:15

Draw 27
21:00

Tiebreaker
Friday, April 19, 9:00

Playoffs

Qualification Game
Friday, April 19, 13:30

Quarterfinals
Friday, April 19, 18:00

Semifinals
Saturday, April 20, 11:00

Bronze medal game
Saturday, April 20, 17:00

Gold medal game
Saturday, April 20, 17:00


Tom McGraw

Thomas Virgil McGraw (born December 8, 1967) is a former relief pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for the St. Louis Cardinals during their 1997 season. Listed at 6' 2", 195 lb., McGraw batted and threw left-handed. He was born in Portland, Oregon.

McGraw attended Washington State University, where he pitched for the Cougars baseball team from 1987 to 1990.


William Lamberth

William Gary Lamberth (born December 5, 1977) is an American politician. He serves as a Republican member of the Tennessee House of Representatives for the forty-fourth district, encompassing parts of Sumner County, Tennessee.

Biography

Early life
He was born on December 5, 1977 in Bowling Green, Kentucky. He is a fifth generation resident of Sumner County, Tennessee, and grew up on a farm in Tennessee. He attended high school in Portland, Tennessee. He graduated from the University of Tennessee in Knoxville, Tennessee in 2001 and received a J.D. from the William & Mary School of Law in Williamsburg, Virginia in 2004, where he was elected President of the Student Bar Association.

Career
He was an Assistant District Attorney for Sumner County. He now practices law as a private attorney in Gallatin, Tennessee.

He was elected as state representative for the forty-fourth district Tennessee in 2012, replacing Democratic congressman Mike McDonald.

He is former president of the Rotary Club of Gallatin, Tennessee and the Sumner County Bar Association, and former treasurer of the Republican Party of Sumner County. He is also Chairman of the Portland Community Education Foundation, table host and donor to the Cumberland Crisis Pregnancy Center in Gallatin. He also donates to the Middle Tennessee Mission Outreach and regularly goes on Christian missions to Honduras and other regions of the world that are in need of humanitarian relief efforts.

Personal life
He is married to Lauren Schmidt Lamberth, and has two children, Allison and Pierce. He is a Baptist. He lives in Cottontown, Tennessee with his family.


Bosbüll

Bosbüll (, North Frisian:Bousbel) is a municipality in the district of Nordfriesland, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.


Willie Messino

'''Wee Willie”” was an enforcer and adviser to top Mafia bosses in the Chicago Outfit. He was known as "Wee Willie" because of his small stature. Despite his diminutive frame, Messino had a reputation as a decidedly violent enforcer.

In the 1960s, he worked for Tony Accardo and Joseph Gagliano. In 1970, he was sent to prison after being convicted of kidnapping and beating contractors George and Jack Chiagouris, brothers who owed money to the mob. After his release in December 1976, he went to work as an adviser to Marco D'Amico and then to Outfit chief Jackie Cerone. He died in 2002.


André Deveaux

Andre Deveaux (born February 23, 1984) is a retired Bahamian-born Canadian professional ice hockey player who last played for the Hamilton Steelhawks in the Allan Cup Hockey League (ACH). He previously played in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Toronto Maple Leafs and the New York Rangers, as well as HC Sparta Praha of the Czech Extraliga (ELH). He was selected by the Montreal Canadiens in the sixth round (182nd overall) of the 2002 NHL Entry Draft. Deveaux was born in Freeport, Bahamas, but he is a naturalized Canadian citizen who was raised in Welland, Ontario.

Playing career
Initially drafted by the Montreal Canadiens, 182nd overall in the 2002 NHL Entry Draft, Deveaux made his National Hockey League (NHL) debut with the Toronto Maple Leafs on November 27, 2008, against the Ottawa Senators. In addition to playing with the Maple Leafs, Deveaux has been a member of the Toronto Marlies, Chicago Wolves and Springfield Falcons of the American Hockey League (AHL) and the Johnstown Chiefs of the ECHL. Deveaux is the first person born in the Bahamas to play in the NHL.

On February 12, 2010, after getting penalized for a melee in a game between the Marlies and the Manitoba Moose in Winnipeg involving almost all the players on the ice, Deveaux was alleged to have been taunted with racial slurs by a fan while in the penalty box. Deveaux subsequently threw a roll of hockey tape in the heckler's direction and was suspended for three games by the AHL.

On August 24, 2010, Deveaux signed as a free agent to a one-year contract to return to the AHL's Chicago Wolves.

On August 16, 2011, Deveaux signed as an unrestricted free agent with the New York Rangers.

On November 25, 2011, while playing for the Rangers, Deveaux was suspended by the NHL for three games, for delivering an illegal check to the head of forward Tomas Fleischmann in a game against the Florida Panthers on November 23, 2011. Deveaux was eligible to return December 1, 2011, however instead Rangers president and general manager Glen Sather announced Deveaux had been assigned to the Connecticut Whale of the AHL.

On July 9, 2012, Deveaux signed a one-year contract as a free agent with the Panthers. With the NHL lockout in affect, Deveaux was directly assigned to Florida's AHL affiliate, the San Antonio Rampage. On March 19, 2013, during a game in Cedar Park, Texas, against the Texas Stars, Deveaux was accidentally high-sticked in the face. As he fell to the ice he slid underneath teammate Nolan Yonkman, knocking him over. As Yonkman tried not to fall he accidentally stepped on Deveaux's face, with full force. The resulting cut required dozens of stitches to close.

On March 26, 2015 during a game between VIK Västerås HK and Rögle BK, Per Helmersson checked Deveaux into the boards, resulting in Deveaux losing consciousness. At the following game, Deveaux attacked VIK Västerås HK defenseman Per Helmersson from behind during the warmups for a game between VIK Västerås and Rögle BK in Swedish league HockeyAllsvenskan. On March 30, after video of the incident was posted on YouTube, Rögle terminated Deveaux's contract for next season. Swedish prosecutors subsequently issued an arrest warrant for Deveaux in response to the incident. On May 8, Deveaux and his wife held a press conference in Toronto, outlining his side of the incident and describing the lingering effects of the Helmersson hit.

Deveaux took a hiatus and returned to the professional during the 2016-17 season in agreeing to a try-out with Czech club, HC Sparta Praha of the Czech Extraliga on January 26, 2017. Keen to prove a point with his play rather than his past, Deveaux secured a contract for the remainder of the season on February 3, 2017. Over the final stretch of the season, he contributed with a goal and assist in 4 games.

On October 20, 2017, the Sheffield Steelers announced that they had signed Deveaux whilst announcing that his hiatus was due to injury. On the November 28, 2017, Sheffield announced his release after posting 4 points in 6 games. He continued the season abroad, playing out the remainder of the year in Slovakia with HK Dukla Trenčín of the Slovak Extraliga.

Personal
He currently works as a firefighter with Toronto Pearson Airport's Fire and Emergency Services.

Career statistics


Nako (Obotrite prince)

Nako, Nakon, Nakko, or Nacco (flourished 954 – ca. 966) was an Obotrite leader who, along with his brother Stoigniew, led the forces of a Slavic confederacy in a revolt against the Germans, especially Herman Billung, Duke of Saxony.

In 955 Nako and Stoignew were defeated at the Battle of Recknitz by Otto I of Germany. While Stoignew was beheaded, Nako probably accepted Christianity, because there followed roughly thirty years of peace, during which, according to Adam of Bremen, the Slavs were Christian. Nako and his successors, the Nakonids, resided in a "ringwall" of fortresses: Mecklenburg, Starigard, Liubice, and Lenzen (Lunkini). When the Sephardic geographer Abraham ben Jacob travelled through the territory, he referred to Mecklenburg, Nako's principal palace, as "Nako's castle."

He was succeeded by his sons Mstivoj and Mstidrag, but they abandoned Christianity and revolted against the Germans again.


McCoy Farmhouse (Fitchburg, Wisconsin)

The McCoy Farmhouse is a historic house located at 2925 Syene Road in Fitchburg, Wisconsin. The Italianate farmhouse was built in 1861 on an early Wisconsin tobacco farm. From 1949 to 1978 microbiologist Elizabeth McCoy lived there. In 1980 the house was added to the National Register of Historic Places.

History
In 1846 Henry Yager bought a 160-acre tract of land which included the parcel the house is built on and began farming. In 1853 two men from Ohio - Ralph Pomeroy and Jacob R. Hiestand - tried growing tobacco on ten acres of Yager's land, and it produced "a very large growth, estimated to yield at least a tone per acre." This is believed to be one of the first successful tobacco crops in Wisconsin.  During the American Civil War, the farm experienced a boom when tobacco from what had become the Confederate States of America became unavailable.

Benjamin Brown purchased the farm from Yager in 1861 and built the farmhouse in the same year. As Brown's land was already prepared for tobacco farming, his farm was more successful than other area farms, and its value increased fivefold by his death in 1874. By this time, Dane County led the state in tobacco production, a status it held through 1911 when the farm ceased its tobacco production.

In 1949, University of Wisconsin–Madison microbiologist Elizabeth McCoy moved into the house. McCoy, a full professor at the university, was one of the first prominent female microbiologists. McCoy's work included bacterial research, studies of the microbiology of water bodies, and penicillin research which led to the discovery of the first commonly-used strain of the drug. McCoy died in 1978 and left her house to the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation with the intent that it be preserved.

Architecture
The two-story Italianate house is built from cream-colored brick which Brown imported from Milwaukee. The front facade features a central entrance and tall windows with stone lintels. A long front porch originally extended along the facade; while it had been replaced by a smaller porch by the time of the house's National Register nomination, another long porch has since been constructed. The house's hip roof is surrounded by a bracketed cornice and topped by a small cupola. A two-story wing extends from the back of the house.


Pelleas und Melisande (Schoenberg)

Pelleas und Melisande, Op. 5, is a symphonic poem written by Arnold Schoenberg and completed in February 1903. It was premiered on 25 January 1905 at the Musikverein in Vienna under the composer's direction in a concert that also included the first performance of Alexander von Zemlinsky's Die Seejungfrau. The work is based on Maurice Maeterlinck's play Pelléas and Mélisande, a subject suggested by Richard Strauss. When he began composing the work in 1902, Schoenberg was unaware that Claude Debussy's opera, also based on Maeterlinck's play, was about to premiere in Paris.

Instrumentation

The symphonic poem is scored for piccolo, 3 flutes (3rd doubling 2nd piccolo), 3 oboes (3rd doubling 2nd English horn), English horn, E flat clarinet, 3 clarinets in B flat and A (3rd doubling 2nd bass clarinet), bass clarinet, 3 bassoons, contrabassoon, 8 horns in F, 4 trumpets in E and F, alto trombone, 4 tenor trombones, tuba, timpani (2 players), triangle, cymbals, tam-tam, large tenor drum, bass drum, glockenspiel, 2 harps, and strings.

Structure
The work is in the key of D minor, and is an example of Schoenberg's early tonal works. It is one continuous movement which comprises many inter-related sections. The major sections are delineated by the following tempo markings:
 Die Achtel ein wenig bewegt — zögernd
 Heftig
 Lebhaft
 Sehr rasch
 Ein wenig bewegt
 Langsam
 Ein wenig bewegter
 Sehr langsam
 Etwas bewegt
 In gehender Bewegung
 Breit

Alban Berg provided a formal outline demonstrating a combination four movement symphonic form and a single movement sonata form with connections to scenes from the Maeterlinck play.

Theme groups, similar to the leitmotif, which are associated with individual scenes or people, form the building-blocks of a symphonic development, which has its beginning in the forest scene introducing the first movement, where Golaud meets Melisande and they marry, and continues on through the inner segments of the Scherzo, which portrays the scene at the fountain where Melisande loses her wedding ring and encounters with Golaud's half-brother Pelleas, and Adagio, which portrays the farewell and love scene of Pelleas and Melisande, where Golaud kills Pelleas, and leads to the recapitulation of the thematic material in the Finale, which portrays the death of Melisande. In a letter to his brother-in-law, Alexander Zemlinsky, who wanted to make cuts in "Pelleas" for a Prague performance he was to conduct in 1918, Schoenberg summarized the fundamental anchoring points of this work: "the opening motif (12/8) is linked to Melisande", which is followed by the "fate motif", and the Scherzo contains "the game with the ring", the Adagio the "scene with Melisande's Hair", and the "love scene; […] the dying Melisande" and "entrance of the ladies in waiting, Melisande's death" in the finale.
Melisande's themes are based on a three-note motive  common to several themes in the work.
The first Melisande theme is followed immediately by the "fate" theme.

After a forceful statement of the fate theme Pelleas' motif (which contains the three note motive from Melisande's theme) is introduced.

Influenced by Pillar of Fire, a ballet version of his Verklärte Nacht by Antony Tudor, which premiered in 1942 in New York, Schoenberg, in American exile, decided for commercial reasons to modify and arrange the work's score for ballet as well, by expanding the one-movement symphonic poem into a multi-movement suite. Schoenberg first spoke of this in early 1947, in a letter to his son-in-law Felix Greissle. However, the project collapsed due to the intervention of Associated Music Publishers, who managed to prevent authorization.

Selected discography
 Pelléas et Mélisande. Gabriel Fauré, Arnold Schoenberg. Hans Vonk, Saint Louis Symphony Orchestra. PENTATONE PTC 5186324 (2008).
 Pelleas und Melisande (coupled with Variationen für Orchester op.31). Chicago Symphony Orchestra / Pierre Boulez. Erato 2292-45827-2 (1992)


Givenchy

Givenchy (, ) is a  French luxury fashion and perfume house. It hosts the brand of haute couture clothing, accessories and Parfums Givenchy, perfumes and cosmetics. The house of Givenchy was founded in 1952 by designer Hubert de Givenchy and is a member of Chambre Syndicale de la Haute Couture et du Pret-a-Porter. It is owned by luxury conglomerate LVMH. Its current artistic director is Clare Waight Keller, who is the first woman to hold that position.

History

Formation and first years

In 1952, Hubert de Givenchy and Javani Robert Durfy founded his own luxury house and launched a new collection Les Séparables with some floaty skirts and puffy blouses made from raw cotton.

Givenchy achieved critical acclaim with Vogue magazine praising his "wonderful first collection"14. The collection included the Bettina Blouse a white shirt named in honour of Bettina Graziani, which was then painted in one of René Gruau's works.

The New York Times magazine published an article entitled "A Star Is Born" and l’Album du Figaro also wrote a feature stating that "In one night, Hubert de Givenchy became one of fashion’s most famous children with his first collection."

Models such as Suzy Parker and Dorian Leigh became muses of the house.

In terms of innovation, he used ‘shirting’, a raw cotton similar to pattern paper, to create his chic and casual collections.

In 1954, Hubert de Givenchy presented the first shirt dress (which later evolved in to a sack dress in 1957). He was the first high fashion designer to create a luxury ready-to-wear clothing line, called "Givenchy Université", which was produced in Paris using machinery imported from the United States. Before he was able to sign for this new collection, Hubert de Givenchy bought all the shares of his fashion house back from Louis Fontaine.

1950s: Balenciaga and Givenchy

In 1956, both Cristóbal Balenciaga and Hubert de Givenchy presented their collection in New York during a charity gala in aid of the American hospital in Paris.

In 1957, the House of Balenciaga introduced the sack dress for the first time. In 1958, Cristóbal Balenciaga launched the ‘Baby Doll’ line, along with the coats line ‘Ballon’.

The Givenchy studio moved to number 3, Avenue George V in Paris—opposite Balenciaga’s—in 1959. The same year, Givenchy and Balenciaga announced that their respective collections would be shown to the press one month after their presentation to the buyers, in order to avoid any dictate.

1969–1970s: expansion
In 1969, Hubert de Givenchy launched his fashion line for men, "Gentleman Givenchy". The boutique was opened in November on Avenue George V. Hubert de Givenchy later introduced short dress.

On the advice of Cristóbal Balenciaga, Givenchy developed his licences in the 1970s, in order to protect the Haute Couture collections. In 1971, he designed a collection of embroidered coats in honour of Georges Braque and Joan Miró.

During this period, the House of Givenchy diversified its activities to create shoes, jewellery, ties, tableware, upholstery and kimonos. Hubert de Givenchy was chosen to design the interior of Hilton hotels around the world, and even a car (the Continental Mark V).

In 1976, Givenchy Inc. (offices and showrooms) arrived on New York’s Fifth Avenue.

1979–1985: LVMH era

Later, Hubert de Givenchy was elected the personality of the year 1979 and the most elegant man of the year by The Best Magazine.

In 1982, a retrospective presided by Audrey Hepburn was organized by the Fashion Institute of Technology of New York.

Next year Hubert de Givenchy is named « chevalier de la Légion d’Honneur » and in 1985, Jacques Lang, the French minister of the Culture, gave him the Oscar dedicated to the art of elegance during a celebration at the Opera in Paris.

Departure of Hubert de Givenchy

In 1988, Givenchy joined LVMH Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton.

In 1991, a retrospective celebrated at the Galliera Palace the forty years of the fashion house. Hubert de Givenchy left the company in 1995. He was succeeded by some British young creators such as John Galliano, Alexander McQueen and Julien MacDonald. From December 2003 to 2006, the British cutter Ozwald Boateng is named as the artistic director of the Givenchy men's division.

1995–2005, Womenswear
John Galliano succeeded Givenchy upon his retirement but was in turn promoted to Christian Dior less than two years later, prompting the hiring of Alexander McQueen. In 2001, designer Julien Macdonald was appointed Artistic Director for the women's lines, which consist of haute couture and ready-to-wear.

2005–2017, Riccardo Tisci
The reins for both collections were passed on to Riccardo Tisci in 2005 when he was named artistic director of womenswear. Riccardo Tisci has proposed to the House his own style and influences. By changing the house codes, Riccardo Tisci adds some dark and sensual romanticism touch. Extending the chromatic palette of the house, flashy colors, such as the baby blue and the red blood, metal, wildlife and floral prints, he designs an uncluttered, structured and graphic silhouette.

Philippe Fortunato, the former chief operating of LVMH Moet Hennessy Vuitton SA – China, is the current Chief Operating at Givenchy.

Givenchy designs have been worn by a number of celebrities on red carpet occasions, including Rooney Mara at the 2012 Academy awards. Also responsible for working with Madonna designing her costumes for her Sticky & Sweet tour as well as the 2012 Super Bowl Halftime Show.

In 2016, Tisci launched a sportswear collaboration with Nike called NikeLab x RT: Training Redefined aimed at Olympic athletes for the 2016 Summer Olympics as everyday gym users.

In February 2017, Riccardo Tisci announced his amicable Javani Durfy from Givenchy.

2017, Clare Waight Keller
The House of Givenchy announced the appointment of Clare Waight Keller as Artistic Director, effective 2 May 2017. Waight Keller took on all creative responsibilities, including Women’s and Men’s Ready-to-wear and accessories collections, as well as Haute Couture. Meghan Markle wore a gown from Claire Waight Keller at her wedding to Prince Harry on 19 May 2018.

After successfully running three consecutive combined shows under the assistance of Keller, the brand announced to bring back the menswear collection calendar for the autumn/winter 2019 season.

Icons and the cinema

Audrey Hepburn
The most famous ambassador of the brand was Audrey Hepburn in films such as Sabrina (for which Edith Head claimed the Academy Award), How to Steal a Million, Breakfast at Tiffany's, and Charade.

In 1953, Audrey Hepburn and Hubert De Givenchy met by the intermediary of Gladys de Segonzac in a way to create her costumes for Sabrina by Billy Wilder. As Gladys de Segonzac had organized the meeting with ‘Miss Hepburn’, the fashion designer thought that he was going to receive Katharine Hepburn. Dressed in a pink and white gingham privateer, a T-shirt and a gondolier hat, the British actress received some prototypes of the future collection. Audrey Hepburn decided to wear Givenchy clothes on and off the screen, such as in Sabrina (1954), Love in the Afternoon (1957), Funny Face (1957), Breakfast at Tiffany's (1961), Charade (1963), Paris When It Sizzles (1963), How to Steal a Million (1965) and Bloodline (1979).

Beginning as a client, she became the muse of the house for forty years, in many classic films. In 1961, Audrey Hepburn installed the reputation of the house by wearing the famous "little black dress" in Breakfast at Tiffany's.

In 1957 Givenchy created a floral aldehyde fragrance, L`Interdit, for Miss Hepburn’s sole use.

Celebrities
Givenchy's other famous patrons include Empress Farah Pahlavi, Gloria Guinness and Marella Agnelli, as well as the Guinness, Grimaldi, Rothschild, and Kennedy families.  Jacqueline Kennedy famously wore Givenchy clothes to the funeral of John F. Kennedy.

Givenchy attracted many other celebrities, including the likes of Lauren Bacall, Babe Paley, Michael Norman, Greta Garbo, Elizabeth Taylor, Marlène Dietrich, Jacqueline Kennedy-Onassis, Beyoncé Knowles, Princess Grace of Monaco and even Wallis Simpson, for whom he created some special garment bags to keep the duchess’s orders from being viewed by other clients. The collection of attire (dress, coat, perfume, etc.) furnished for Simpson would later become known as ‘blue Wallis’.

Today, Givenchy dresses many Hollywood stars, including Cate Blanchett, Emma Stone, Lady Gaga, Julianne Moore, Julia Roberts, Rooney Mara, and others.  In May 2019, Givenchy confirmed that singer, songwriter, actress, model, and record producer Ariana Grande would be the new face of its Fall and Winter campaign that was unveiled that July.

Cinema
 In 1958, director Elia Kazan photographed David Niven; Jean Seberg and Deborah Kerr in Givenchy on the shooting of ‘Bonjour Tristesse’.
 Beat the Devil (Plus fort que le diable), 1954 realized by John Huston
 Sabrina, 1954 realized by Billy Wilder, with Audrey Hepburn
 Love in the afternoon (Ariane), 1957 realized by Billy Wilder, with Audrey Hepburn
 La vérité, 1960, realized by H, -G Clouzot
 Charade, 1963, realized by Stanley Donen, with Audrey Hepburn
 Paris When It Sizzles (Deux têtes folles), 1964, realized by Richard Quine, with Audrey Hepburn
 Bloodline (Lié par le sang), 1979 realized by Terence Young, with Audrey Hepburn

Operations
The company's operations are divided between: "Europe accounts for 42 percent of the business, China 18 percent, Asia-Pacific 14 percent, America 12 percent, the Middle East 7 percent, Japan 4 percent, and the rest of the world 3 percent."

Ad campaigns
The Fall 2010 collection from Givenchy and Riccardo Tisci featured a transgender person for the first time. Lea T, a Brazilian model, was the designer's personal assistant for a number of years. About the decision, Tisci said, "She's always been very feminine: superfragile, very aristocratic. She is part of the family."


Midhordland

Midhordland or Midthordland is a traditional district in the Vestlandet region of Norway.  It consists of the central-west portion of Hordaland county, mostly including the islands and coastal fjord areas surrounding (and including) the Bergen Peninsula.  It includes the city on Bergen and the surrounding municipalities of Askøy, Austevoll, Fjell, Fusa, Os, Samnanger, Sund, and Øygarden.  The region is dominated by its largest city, Bergen, which is also the second largest city in the country.

There is no administrative functions for this district, it is simply a cultural and historical area.  Until 2014, the Church of Norway had a deanery for Midhordland, but that has since been dissolved and its churches transferred to other neighboring deaneries.

Municipalities of Midhordland


Caenoscelis basalis

Caenoscelis basalis is a species of silken fungus beetle in the family Cryptophagidae. It is found in North America.


Jefferson County, Alabama

Jefferson County is the most populous county in the U.S. state of Alabama, located in the central portion of the state. As of the 2010 census, its population was 658,466. Its county seat is Birmingham, the most populous city in the state. Its rapid growth as an industrial city in the 20th century, based on heavy manufacturing in steel and iron, established its dominance.

Jefferson County is the central county of the Birmingham-Hoover, AL Metropolitan Statistical Area.

In 2011, Jefferson County was $4.2 billion in debt and declared bankruptcy. The financial problems were related to costs of a huge sewer project. Corruption was found among six county commissioners. This was the largest Chapter 9 (municipal) bankruptcy in the United States, until it was surpassed by that of Detroit, Michigan in 2013. Jefferson County emerged from bankruptcy in December 2013, following the approval of a bankruptcy plan by the United States bankruptcy court for the Northern District of Alabama, writing off more than $1.4 billion of the debt.

History

Jefferson County was established on December 13, 1819 by the Alabama Legislature. It was named in honor of former President Thomas Jefferson. The county is located in the north-central portion of the state, on the southernmost edge of the Appalachian Mountains. It is in the center of the (former) iron, coal, and limestone mining belt of the Southern United States.

Jefferson County has a land area of about . Early county seats were established first at Carrollsville (1819 – 21), then Elyton (1821 – 73).

Founded around 1871, Birmingham was named for the industrial English city of the same name in Warwickshire. That city had long been a center of iron and steel production in Great Britain. Birmingham was formed by the merger of three towns, including Elyton. It has continued to grow by annexing neighboring towns and villages, including North Birmingham.

As Birmingham industrialized, its growth accelerated, particularly after 1890. It attracted numerous rural migrants, both black and white, for its new jobs. It also attracted European immigrants. Despite the city's rapid growth, for decades it was underrepresented in the legislature. Legislators from rural counties kept control of the legislature and, to avoid losing power, for decades refused to reapportion the seats or redistrict congressional districts. Birmingham could not get its urban needs addressed by the legislature.

Nearby Bessemer, Alabama, located 16 miles by car to the southwest, also grew based on industrialization. It also attracted many workers. By the early decades of the 20th century, it had a majority-black population, but whites dominated politically and economically.

Racial tensions increased in the cities and state in the late 19th century as whites worked to maintain white supremacy. The white-dominated legislature passed a new constitution in 1901 that disenfranchised most blacks and many poor whites, excluding them totally from the political system. While they were nominally still eligible in the mid-20th century for jury duty, they were overwhelmingly excluded by white administrators from juries into the 1950s. Economic competition among the new workers in the city also raised tensions. It was a rough environment of mill and mine workers in Birmingham and Bessemer, and the Ku Klux Klan was active in the 20th century, often with many police being members into the 1950s and 1960s.

In a study of lynchings in the South from 1877 to 1950, Jefferson County is documented as having the highest number of lynchings of any county in Alabama. White mobs committed 29 lynchings in the county, most around the turn of the century at a time of widespread political suppression of blacks in the state.

Even after 1950, racial violence of whites against blacks continued. In the 1950s KKK chapters bombed black-owned houses in Birmingham to discourage residents moving into new middle-class areas. In that period, the city was referred to as "Bombingham."

In 1963 African Americans led a movement in the city seeking civil rights, including integration of public facilities. The Birmingham campaign was known for the violence the city police used against non-violent protesters. In the late summer, city and business officials finally agreed in 1963 to integrate public facilities and hire more African Americans. This followed the civil rights campaign, which was based at the 16th Street Baptist Church, and an economic boycott of white stores that refused to hire blacks. Whites struck again: on a Sunday in September 1963, KKK members bombed the 16th Street Baptist Church, killing four young black girls and injuring many persons. The African-American community quickly rebuilt the damaged church. They entered politics in the city, county and state after the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was passed.

Sewer construction and bond swap controversy
In the 1990s, the county authorized and financed a massive overhaul of the county-owned sewer system, beginning in 1996. Sewerage and water rates had increased more than 300% in the 15 years before 2011, causing severe problems for the poor in Birmingham and the county.

Costs for the project increased due to problems in the financial area. In addition, county officials, encouraged by bribes by financial services companies, made a series of risky bond-swap agreements. Two extremely controversial undertakings by county officials in the 2000s resulted in the county having debt of $4 billion. The county eventually declared bankruptcy in 2011. It was the largest municipal bankruptcy in United States history at that time. Both the sewer project and its financing were scrutinized by federal prosecutors. By 2011, "six of Jefferson County's former commissioners had been found guilty of corruption for accepting the bribes, along with 15 other officials."

The controversial interest rate swaps, initiated in 2002 and 2003 by former Commission President Larry Langford (removed in 2011 as the mayor of Birmingham after his conviction at trial), were intended to lower interest payments. But they had the opposite effect, increasing the county's indebtedness to the point that it had to declare bankruptcy. The bond swaps were the focus of an investigation by the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.

In late February 2008 Standard & Poor's lowered the rating of Jefferson County bonds to "junk" status. The likelihood of the county filing for Chapter 9 bankruptcy protection was debated in the press. In early March 2008, Moody's followed suit and indicated that it would also review the county's ability to meet other bond obligations. On March 7, 2008, Jefferson County failed to post $184 million collateral as required under its sewer bond agreements, thereby moving into technical default.

In February 2011, Lesley Curwen of the BBC World Service interviewed David Carrington, the newly appointed president of the County Commission, about the risk of defaulting on bonds issued to finance "what could be the most expensive sewage system in history." Carrington said there was "no doubt that people from Wall Street offered bribes" and "have to take a huge responsibility for what happened." Wall Street investment banks, including JP Morgan and others, arranged complex financial deals using swaps. The fees and penalty charges increased the cost so the county in 2011 had $3.2 billion outstanding. Carrington said one of the problems was that elected officials had welcomed scheduling with very low early payments so long as peak payments occurred after they left office.

In 2011 the SEC awarded the county $75 million in compensation in relation to a judgment of "unlawful payments" against JP Morgan; in addition the company was penalized by having to forfeit $647 million of future fees.

2011 bankruptcy filing
Jefferson County filed for bankruptcy on November 9, 2011. This action was valued at $4.2 billion, with debts of $3.14 billion relating to sewer work; it was then the most costly municipal bankruptcy ever in the U.S. In 2013 it was surpassed by the Detroit bankruptcy in Michigan. The County requested Chapter 9 relief under federal statute 11 U.S.C. §921. The case was filed in the Northern District of Alabama Bankruptcy Court as case number 11-05736.

, Jefferson County had slashed expenses and reduced employment of county government workers by more than 700. The county emerged from bankruptcy in December 2013, following the approval of a bankruptcy plan by the United States bankruptcy court for the Northern District of Alabama, writing off more than $1.4 billion of the debt.

Geography
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which  is land and  (1.1%) is water. It is the fifth-largest county in Alabama by land area. The county is home to the Watercress Darter National Wildlife Refuge.

Adjacent counties
 Tuscaloosa County (west)
 Bibb County (southwest)
 Shelby County (south)
 Walker County (north)
 Blount County (north)
 St. Clair County (northeast)

Demographics

2010
Jefferson County population had decreased slightly by 2010. It is estimated by the US Census to have increased and to be more than 659,300 in 2018.

According to the 2010 United States Census, residents of metropolitan Jefferson County identified as the following:
 53.0% White
 42.0% Black
 0.3% Native American
 1.4% Asian
 0.0% Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander
 1.1% Two or more races
 3.9% Hispanic or Latino (of any race)

2000
As of the census of 2000, there were 662,047 people, 263,265 households, and 175,861 families residing in the county.  The population density was 595 people per square mile (230/km2).  There were 288,162 housing units at an average density of 259 per square mile (100/km2).  The racial makeup of the county was 58.10% White, 39.36% Black or African American, 0.21% Native American, 0.90% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.59% from other races, and 0.80% from two or more races. About 1.55% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

The largest self-reported European ancestries in Jefferson County, Alabama are English 9.7%(64,016), "American" 9.6%(63,015), Irish 8.6%(56,695), German 7.2%(47,690).  Those citing "American" ancestry in Alabama identify as being of English ancestry. Many Americans whose ancestors came from Britain or Ireland identify simply as American, because their immigrant ancestors arrived so long ago, in some cases in the 17th and 18th centuries. Demographers estimate that roughly 20–23% of people in Alabama are of predominantly English and related British Isles ancestry. Researchers believe that more of the European-American population has Scots-Irish ancestry than residents identify with today. In addition, many African Americans have mixed-race ancestry, with some ancestors from the British Isles. Having been classified in the South as black under racial segregation, some of these families are beginning to use DNA tests to learn about and acknowledge European ancestors. Some identify as multi-racial as a result.

There were 263,265 households, out of which 30.80% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.10% were married couples living together, 17.20% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.20% were non-families. Nearly 28.70% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.  The average household size was 2.45, and the average family size was 3.04.

In the county, the population was spread out with 24.80% under the age of 18, 9.60% from 18 to 24, 29.70% from 25 to 44, 22.30% from 45 to 64, and 13.60% who were 65 years of age or older.  The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.20 males.  For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.50 males.

In 2007 Jefferson County had the highest rate of syphilis cases per 100,000 in the US, according to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

The median income for a household in the county was $36,868, and the median income for a family was $45,951. Males had a median income of $35,954 versus $26,631 for females. The per capita income for the county was $20,892.  About 11.60% of families and 14.80% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.20% of those under age 18 and 12.70% of those age 65 or over.

Government and infrastructure
Jefferson County is one of the eight counties in Alabama with a limited-form of home rule government. A 1973 Commission had recommended that all counties be granted home rule under the state constitution, but the state legislature has refused to give up its control over local affairs.

In the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the county was underrepresented politically for decades into the 1960s because the rural-dominated state legislature refused to redistrict as population increased in urban counties. Changes to county representation in the state legislature did not take place until the state was required to incorporate the principle of one man, one vote from the US Supreme Court decision of Baker v. Carr (1964). It ruled that bicameral legislatures had to have both houses based on population districts, rather than geographic ones. The complexity of Birmingham and Jefferson County urban conditions required more local management, as it was a major industrial center. The county gained some home rule functions by 1944. It allows the county to be set up a zoning system for land use, maintain the sanitary sewer, sewerage systems and highways, provide for garbage and trash disposal, and to enforce taxation (except for property taxes).

Today the county has a type of council-manager form of government. It is governed by a five-member commission that combines the legislative and executive duties for the county. The Commissioners are elected from single-member districts. Each county commissioner represents one of the five districts in the county, apportioned roughly equally by population. By votes in the commission, the commissioners are given executive responsibilities for the various county departments, which fall under the categories of "Roads and Transportation", "Community Development", "Environmental Services", "Health and Human Services", "Technology and Land Development", and "Finance and General Services". The County Commission elects a President from among its members, who serves as the chairperson of all County Commission meetings, and who has additional executive duties.

The Commission hires a county manager, who oversees and directs daily operations of county departments.

Taxation
Sales tax on many items within the county can be as high as 12%. The County Commission approved an educational sales tax by a 3–2 vote in October 2004.  This was implemented In January 2005, as a 1% sales tax to support funding for construction of needed education facilities. This additional 1% has resulted in some county municipalities, such as Fairfield, to have sales tax rates as high as 10%, while other municipalities and incorporated communities had an increase in their total sales tax rate from 8% to 9%.  The state of Alabama sales tax was 4% at the time and Jefferson County's was 2% in total. Some municipal sales taxes reach 4%.

On March 16, 2011, the Alabama Supreme Court ruled that Jefferson County's 2009 occupational tax law was passed unconstitutionally. This decision dealt a devastating financial blow to a county considering bankruptcy.

Law
Jefferson County is served by the Jefferson County Sheriff's Department. The County Sheriff is chosen by the eligible voters in an at large election. The Sheriff's Department fields about 175 deputy sheriffs who patrol the unincorporated areas of the county, and also all municipalities that do not have their own police departments. The Sheriff's Department has two county jails, one in Birmingham and one in Bessemer, which are used to detain suspects awaiting trial (who cannot afford to post bail), and convicted criminals serving sentences less than one year in length.

Two judicial courthouses are located in Jefferson County, a situation dating to when the state legislature was preparing to split off a portion of Jefferson County to create a new county, centered around Bessemer. The city is located about 16 miles to the southwest by car. The split did not take place because the area of the proposed county would have been smaller than the minimum of 500 square miles set forth in the state constitution.  The additional county courthouse and some parallel functions remain in service. The main courthouse is in Birmingham and the second one is located in Bessemer. Certain elected county officials maintain offices in the Bessemer annex, such as the Assistant Tax Collector, the Assistant Tax Assessor, and the Assistant District Attorney.

Prisons
The local jails have a long history of abuse of prisoners. One former jailer, who started work for the Jefferson County Convict Department in 1919, described beatings, the administration of laxatives, and confinement in a tiny two-by-three-foot cell, as well as beatings with rubber hoses. He said, "You can work a man pretty good with a piece of pipe and never mark him." Well into the 1950s, prisoners were regularly beaten and tortured by police to extract coerced "confessions" to crimes.

In mid-2015, the Department of Justice announced an investigation of the conditions imposed on juveniles in the county jail. It said that young people with mental illnesses were locked in solitary confinement for months at a time. Others were housed with adult prisoners who raped them.

The Alabama Department of Corrections operates the William E. Donaldson Correctional Facility, a prison for men, in unincorporated Jefferson County near Bessemer. The prison includes one of the two Alabama death rows for men. Alabama has the highest rate per capita of sentencing convicts to the death penalty.

Religion
In 2010 statistics, the largest religious group in Jefferson County was the SBC Baptists with 185,650 members in 272 congregations, followed by 69,878 non-denominational adherents with 170 congregations, 67,313 NBC Baptists with 117 congregations, 55,083 Catholics in the Archdiocese of Birmingham with 32 parishes, 43,422 UMC Methodists with 86 congregations, 15,899 CoG–Cleveland, Tennessee Pentecostals with 45 congregations, 14,025 TEC Episcopalians with 17 congregations, 11,267 CoC Christians with 69 congregations, 11,171 CoGiC Pentecostals with 16 congregations, and 9,472 AME Methodists with 42 congregations. Altogether, 83.9% of the population was claimed as members by religious congregations, although members of historically African-American denominations were underrepresented due to incomplete information. In 2014, Jefferson County had 714 religious organizations, the 15th most out of all US counties.

Education
As a reaction to the US Supreme Court's ruling in Brown v Board of Education in 1954, that segregated public schools were unconstitutional, both state and local officials took steps to preserve de facto educational segregation. As late as 1965, schools in the county were still totally segregated. In 1969, public schools in the county became fully integrated.

Except for cities such as Birmingham, that have established their own local school districts, all parts of Jefferson County are served by the Jefferson County Board of Education. Parts within Birmingham are served by Birmingham City Schools.

Beginning in 1959, more wealthy towns, with predominately white populations, began to form their own school systems. Critics allege this served to stymie integration and financially starve schools that served mostly black populations. Cities in the county that have established their own school systems are Gardendale, Bessemer, Fairfield, Midfield, Trussville, Homewood, Leeds, Hoover, Vestavia Hills, Tarrant, and Mountain Brook. The pattern of residential and economic segregation has occurred in many parts of the country, including economic segregation of poorer whites.

Politics
In 2008, Democratic candidate, US Senator Barack Obama carried Jefferson County with 166,121 votes (52.2 percent), although the state voted for Republican candidate US Senator John McCain by a double digit majority. President Obama carried the industrial, urbanized county by a larger majority in 2012, winning with 52.5 percent. Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton also carried the county in 2016, with a majority of 51.5 percent.
 Before Obama's victory, Jefferson County had last supported the official Democratic candidate for president in 1952, and only once since 1944.

Transportation

Major highways

  Interstate 20
  Interstate 22
  Interstate 59
  Interstate 65
  Interstate 459
 Future  Interstate 222
 Future  Interstate 422
  U.S. Route 11
  U.S. Route 31
  U.S. Route 78
  U.S. Route 280
  U.S. Route 411
  State Route 5
  State Route 25
  State Route 75
  State Route 79
  State Route 119
  State Route 149
  State Route 150
  State Route 151
  State Route 269
  State Route 378

Railroads
AMTRAK passenger service is provided by the Crescent, which stops in Birmingham. Freight service is provided by BNSF Railway, CSX Transportation, Norfolk Southern Railway, Alabama & Tennessee River Railway, and Birmingham Terminal Railway (formerly Birmingham Southern Railroad). There is also one switching and terminal railroad, Alabama Warrior Railway.

Air travel
Birmingham is the location of the Birmingham-Shuttlesworth International Airport, which provides service, either direct or connecting, to most of the rest of the United States.

Communities

Cities

 Adamsville
 Bessemer
 Birmingham (county seat; partly in Shelby County)
 Brighton
 Center Point
 Clay
 Fairfield
 Fultondale
 Gardendale
 Graysville
 Helena (partly in Shelby County)
 Homewood
 Hoover (partly in Shelby County)
 Hueytown
 Irondale
 Kimberly
 Leeds (partly in Shelby County and St. Clair County)
 Lipscomb
 Midfield
 Mountain Brook
 Pinson
 Pleasant Grove
 Sumiton (partly in Walker County)
 Tarrant
 Trussville (partly in St. Clair County)
 Vestavia Hills (partly in Shelby County)
 Warrior (partly in Blount County)

Towns

 Argo (partly in St. Clair County)
 Brookside
 Cardiff
 County Line (partly in Blount County)
 Maytown
 Morris
 Mulga
 North Johns
 Sylvan Springs
 Trafford
 West Jefferson

Census-designated places

 Chalkville (former; annexed by city of Clay)
 Concord
 Edgewater
 Forestdale
 Grayson Valley
 McDonald Chapel
 Minor
 Mount Olive
 Rock Creek

Unincorporated communities

 Adger
 Alliance
 Alton
 Bayview
 Bagley
 Bradford
 Coalburg
 Corner
 Crumley Chapel
 Docena
 Dolomite
 Flat Top
 Hopewell
 Kimbrell
 McCalla
 New Castle
 Palmerdale (Neighborhood of Pinson, Alabama)
 Sayre
 Shannon
 Watson

Former towns

 Elyton (former Jefferson County Seat, now a neighborhood in Birmingham)
 Ensley (former town, now a neighborhood in Birmingham)


Communes of the Corrèze department

The following is a list of the 280 communes of the Corrèze department of France.

 (CAB) Communauté d'agglomération de Brive, created in 2002

Correze
*


Steel Azin Iranian Holding Co.

Steel Azin Iranian Holding Co. is an Iranian holding company headquartered in Tehran, Iran.  The company engages in the power generation, energy, petrochemicals, steel, agribusiness, construction, investment and sport and leisure sectors.

Main subsidiaries and operations
Steel Azin Co. — Decor
Nayband Bay Agroindustrial Co. — Largest shrimp farm complex in the Persian Gulf region
MABDA Drinking Water - Mineral water production
Electric power generation — including a combined cycle power plant in Damghan, Semnan
Bitumen production — Factory located in Eshtehard Industrial Zone (Karaj County, Alborz Province)
Steel Azin Cultural & Athletic Club — with football, futsal and wrestling teams
Steel Azin Iranian Applied Science University


Akkur, Tirumakudal Narsipur

Akkur, Tirumakudal Narsipur  is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. It is located in the Tirumakudal Narsipur taluk of Mysore district.


Tsuitate no Danjo

Tsuitate no Danjo (, "Man and Woman by a Partitioning Screen", ) is a title given to a multicolour print by the Japanese ukiyo-e artist Kitagawa Utamaro.  It depicts a young man and woman by a tsuitate partitioning screen.  The print delivers the feeling of several layers of translucency as the woman peers through the folded cloth of the man's haori and the man is seen through a silk gauze–covered portion of the tsuitate.

Background

Ukiyo-e art flourished in Japan during the Edo period from the 17th to 19th centuries, and took as its primary subjects courtesans, kabuki actors, and others associated with the "floating world" lifestyle of the pleasure districts.  Alongside paintings, mass-produced woodblock prints were a major form of the genre.  In the mid-18th century full-colour  prints became common, printed using a large number of woodblocks, one for each colour.  A prominent genre was  ("pictures of beauties"), which depicted most often courtesans and geisha at leisure, and promoted the entertainments of the pleasure districts.

Kitagawa Utamaro (–1806) made his name in the 1790s with his bijin ōkubi-e ("large-headed pictures of beautiful women") portraits, focusing on the head and upper torso, a style others had previously employed in portraits of kabuki actors.  Utamaro experimented with line, colour, and printing techniques to bring out subtle differences in the features, expressions, and backdrops of subjects from a wide variety of class and background.  Utamaro's individuated beauties were in sharp contrast to the stereotyped, idealized images that had been the norm.

Description and analysis

Tsuitate no Danjo is a multicolour nishiki-e print made with ink on handmade washi paper in ōban size, about .  It was published in  by .  It bears the mark of Moriya's publishing house Kinshindō and the seal Utamaro hitsu (, "the brush of Utamaro").

A wakashū (adolescent male) and young woman stand by a tsuitate portable partition, of a type covered with silk gauze over an opening in the middle to allow a breeze to pass through in the heat of summer.  The woman crouches and peers through a portion of the man's light summer haori.  It folds over at the bottom, so that it is less translucent there, and the man's lower body is also seen through the gauze of the tsuitate, so that the print produces multiple levels of the translucent effect.  The translucent effect in the prints required the highest level of skill from their carvers.


Vilmos Huszár

Vilmos Huszár (1884–1960) was a Hungarian painter and designer. He lived in The Netherlands, where he was one of the founder members of the art movement De Stijl.

Huszár was born in Budapest, Hungary. He emigrated to The Netherlands in 1905, settling at first in Voorburg. He was influenced by Cubism and Futurism. He met other influential artists including Piet Mondrian and Theo van Doesburg, both central figures in establishing the De Stijl movement with Huszár in 1917. Huszár also co-founded the De Stijl magazine and designed the cover for the first issue.

In 1918 he designed interior colour schemes for the bedroom of Bruynzeel house in Voorburg. From 1920 to 1921 he collaborated with Piet Zwart on furniture designs. He left the De Stijl group in 1923. He collaborated with Gerrit Rietveld on an exhibition interior for the Greater Berlin Art Exhibition. From 1925, Huszár concentrated on graphic design and painting.

In 1926 he created a complete visual identity for Miss Blanche Virginia cigarettes, which included packaging, advertising, and point of sale displays. The concept drew on the imagery associated with the emergent "New Women", or Flappers. The Flappers were perceived as young, single, urban, and employed, with independent ideas and a certain disdain for authority and social norms. The smoking of cigarettes was closely associated with their newfound independence.

The whereabouts of many of Huszár's works are unknown. Many of his paintings and sculptures are only known through photographs that appeared in De Stijl, or from photographs taken by the artist himself. Works that are lost include the Dancing mechanical doll, a device that could adopt several different postures and was used during Dada conferences in the early 1920s.

Huszár died in the Dutch town Hierden in 1960.

From 8 March to 19 May 1985 a large Huszár retrospective was held at the Gemeentemuseum in The Hague.

External links
Artcyclopedia Links to Vilmos Huszár's works
Brief biography
Short biography (in german)
Video reconstruction of 'Mechanical Dancing Figure' by Huszár in 1922


Calymma

Calymma is a monotypic moth genus of the family Erebidae erected by Jacob Hübner in 1823. Its single species, Calymma communimacula, was first described by Michael Denis and Ignaz Schiffermüller in 1775. It is found in central and southern Europe and from Turkey to Transcaucasia and the Middle East.

The wingspan is 18–24 mm. Adults are on wing from July to August.

The larvae live on trees, but do not feed on plant material, but suck dry Coccoidea (scale insects) and use the empty hulls as a protective shelter. Pupation takes place in a spinning on the tree trunk.

Taxonomy
The genus has previously been classified in the subfamily Eublemminae of Erebidae or the subfamily Acontiinae of the family Noctuidae.


Thrombospondin 1

Thrombospondin 1, abbreviated as THBS1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the THBS1 gene.

Thrombospondin 1 is a subunit of a disulfide-linked homotrimeric protein. This protein is an adhesive glycoprotein that mediates cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix interactions. This protein can bind to fibrinogen, fibronectin, laminin, collagens types V and VII and integrins alpha-V/beta-1. This protein has been shown to play roles in platelet aggregation, angiogenesis, and tumorigenesis.

Function

The thrombospondin-1  protein is a member of the thrombospondin family.  It is a multi-domain matrix glycoprotein that has been shown to be a natural inhibitor of neovascularization and tumorigenesis in healthy tissue.  Both positive and negative modulation of endothelial cell adhesion, motility, and growth have been attributed to TSP1.  This should not be surprising considering that TSP1 interacts with at least 12 cell adhesion receptors, including CD36, αv integrins, β1 integrins, syndecan, and integrin-associated protein (IAP or CD47).  It also interacts with numerous proteases involved in angiogenesis, including plasminogen, urokinase, matrix metalloproteinase, thrombin, cathepsin, and elastase.

Thrombospondin-1 binds to the reelin receptors, ApoER2 and VLDLR, thereby affecting neuronal migration in the rostral migratory stream.

The various functions of the TSRs have been attributed to several recognition motifs. Characterization of these motifs has led to the use of recombinant proteins that contain these motifs; these recombinant proteins are deemed useful in cancer therapy. The TSP-1 3TSR (a recombinant version of the THBS1 antiangiogenic domain containing all three thrombosopondin-1 type 1 repeats) can activate transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) and inhibit endothelial cell migration, angiogenesis, and tumor growth.

Structure

Thrombospondin's activity has been mapped to several domains, in particular the amino-terminal heparin-binding domain, the procollagen domain, the properdin-like type I repeats, and the globular carboxy-terminal domain.  The protein also contains type II repeats with epidermal growth factor-like homology and type III repeats that contain an RGD sequence.

N-terminus

The N-terminal heparin-binding domain of TSP1, when isolated as a 25kDa fragment, has been shown to be a potent inducer of cell migration at high concentrations.  However, when the heparin-binding domain of TSP1 is cleaved, the remaining anti-angiogenic domains have been shown to have decreased anti-angiogenic activity at low concentrations where increased  endothelial cell (EC) migration occurs.  This may be explained in part by the ability of the heparin-binding domain to mediate attachment of TSP1 to cells, allowing the other domains to exert their effects.  The separate roles that the heparin-binding region of TSP1 plays at high versus low concentrations may be in part responsible for regulating the two-faced nature of TSP1 and giving it a reputation of being both a positive and negative regulator of angiogenesis.

Procollagen domain

Both the procollagen domain and the type I repeats of TSP1 have been shown to inhibit neovascularization and EC migration.  However, it is unlikely that the mechanisms of action of these fragments are the same.  The type I repeats of TSP1 are capable of inhibiting EC migration in a Boyden chamber assay after a 3-4 hour exposure, whereas a 36- to 48-hour exposure period is necessary for inhibition of EC migration with the procollagen domain. Whereas the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay shows the type I repeats of TSP1 to be antiangiogenic, it also shows that the procollagen sequence lacks anti-angiogenic activity.  This may be in part because the animo-terminal end of TSP1 differs more than the carboxy-terminal end across species, but may also suggest different mechanisms of action.

TSP1 contains three type I repeats, only the second two of which have been found to inhibit angiogenesis.  The type I repeat motif is more effective than the entire protein at inhibiting angiogenesis and contains not one but two regions of activity.  The amino-terminal end contains a tryptophan-rich motif that blocks fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2 or bFGF) driven angiogenesis.  This region has also been found to prevent FGF-2 binding ECs, suggesting that its mechanism of action may be to sequester FGF-2.  The second region of activity, the CD36 binding region of TSP1, can be found on the carboxy-terminal half of the type I repeats. It has been suggested that activating the CD36 receptor causes an increase in ECs sensitivity to apoptotic signals. Type I repeats have also been shown to bind to heparin, fibronectin, TGF-β, and others, potentially antagonizing the effects of these molecules on ECs. However, CD36 is generally considered to be the dominant inhibitory signaling receptor for TSP1, and EC expression of CD36 is restricted to microvascular ECs.

Soluble type I repeats have been shown to decrease EC numbers by inhibiting proliferation and promoting apoptosis.  Attachment of endothelial cells to fibronectin partially reverses this phenomenon. However this domain is not without a two-faced nature of its own.  Bound protein fragments of the type I repeats have been shown to serve as attachment factors for both ECs and melanoma cells.

C-terminus

The carboxy-terminal domain of TSP1 is believed to mediate cellular attachment and has been found to bind to another important receptor for TSP1, IAP (or CD47). This receptor is considered necessary for nitric oxide-stimulated TSP1-mediated vascular cell responses and cGMP signaling. Various domains of and receptors for TSP1 have been shown to have pro-adhesive and chemotactic activities for cancer cells, suggesting that this molecule may have a direct effect on cancer cell biology independent of its anti-angiogenic properties.

Cancer treatment

One study has suggested that, by blocking TSP1 from binding to its cell surface receptor (CD47) normal tissue confers high resistance to cancer radiation therapy and assists in tumor death.

Interactions

Thrombospondin 1 has been shown to interact with:
 LRP1,
 MMP2, and
 Plasmin.


Laurence Peacock

Laurence Peacock is an English playwright and dramaturg based in Sheffield, South Yorkshire. His Canary Girls, about the canary girls (munitions workers) of World War I, was one of Mikron Theatre Company's two touring productions in 2016, and his In At The Deep End, about the Royal National Lifeboat Institution, is one of their two productions in 2017.

In 2013 he contributed A Romance to Sheffield in Many Voices to the Crucible Theatre's Twenty Tiny Plays about Sheffield.

Peacock is a member of Sheffield Creative Guild.


Frank Bretti

Frank Bretti is an American former ice hockey head coach who previously headed the program at Iona.

Career
Bretti began coaching at his alma mater in 1990 as an assistant before advancing to the Division I level with a similar position at Alaska-Anchorage in 1993. Bretti was not retained when head coach Brush Christiansen retired in 1996 but he was back behind the bench at Iona by 1997, this time as head coach. Bretti replaced Bill Conforte after a 2-win season and while his first year in charge resulted in only 2 more wins Iona was poised to make the jump to the D-I ranks.

Iona was one of three full-time Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference schools to have a hockey program in existence in 1998 when the conference formed an ice hockey division and was thus promoted to Division-I status. Despite their poor showings in recent years Iona played fairly well under Bretti, finishing as a middle-of-the-pack team most years and reaching the conference tournament final in 2000. Unfortunately by 2003 the financial cost of the program caused the board of trustees to drop the program entirely and Bretti was once more out of a job.

A year later Bretti was back in the college ranks as an assistant at Rensselaer, staying for two seasons. He has most recently been the head coach for the New York Apple Core junior program.

Head coaching record

College


Sue Schafer

Sue Schafer is an educator and former legislator from the U.S. state of Colorado. Elected to the Colorado House of Representatives as a Democrat in 2008, Schafer represented House District 24, which encompassed the cities of Wheat Ridge, Edgewater, and Arvada, and was redrawn in 2011 to encompass Wheat Ridge, Edgewater and Golden.

Biography
Born in Portland, Maine, Schafer holds a bachelor's degree in secondary education from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, a master's degree in counseling from the University of Colorado at Boulder and a doctorate in education from the University of Northern Colorado. She also holds a principal's license from Colorado State University.

She has taught social studies and French in Denver public schools, worked as a counselor in Omaha Public Schools and at Skagit Valley Community College in Mt. Vernon, Washington, and spent two decades as the curriculum director and accreditation manager for the Colorado Department of Education. She has served on the Executive Board of the Colorado High School Activities Association, won the Contribution Award from the Colorado Congress of Foreign Language Teachers, and the Distinguished Service Award from the Colorado Art Education Association. Most recently, Schafer has worked as an educational consultant for low-performing schools.

Schafer has been a member of the Wheat Ridge Senior/Community Center Advisory Committee, the Wheat Ridge 2020 Urban Renewal Planning Committee, the League of Women Voters, and Wheat Ridge Congregational United Church of Christ.

She served as a legislative intern in the Colorado House of Representatives in 2006 and has been both a precinct captain and the chair of the Democratic Party in the 24th district for eight years.

Schafer, a lesbian, has two daughters and lives in Wheat Ridge, Colorado with her partner, Barb Nash.

Legislative career

2008 election
Sue Schafer narrowly defeated Denver Regional Transportation District Director Dave Ruchman in the contested Democratic primary in August, winning by only 29 votes, with 50.29% of ballots cast; the race was not decided until several days after the primary election.

Schafer faced Republican Cheryl Palm in the November 2008 general election. Schafer's candidacy was endorsed by the Denver Post, the Golden Transcript, and the Wheat Ridge Transcript. She easily won the general election with 62 percent of the votes cast and took office on January 7, 2009.

2009 legislative session
For the 2009 legislative session, Schafer was named to seats on the House Education Committee and the House Local Government Committee.

Schafer's first bill of the 2009 session, a measure requiring that flight schools train pilots in both takeoff and landing procedures, passed the state house unanimously.

2010 legislative session

2010 election

2011 legislative session

While discussing a bill to allow for government funding of male circumcision, Schafer wondered, "if there's a risk for more sexual activity, more male irresponsibility" for uncircumcised boys. She supported the bill to allow government funding for circumcision.

2012 legislative session

2012 election
In the 2012 General Election, Representative Schafer faced Republican challenger E. V. Leyendecker.  Schafer was reelected by a margin of 59% to 37%.


Mackubin Thomas Owens

Mackubin Thomas Owens joined the Institute of World Politics (IWP) as Dean and professor in 2015.  He was previously the Associate Dean of Academics for Electives and Directed Research and Professor of Strategy and Force Planning for the Naval War College in the U.S., as well as a contributing editor to National Review.

Career
He is a senior fellow at the Program on National Security of the Foreign Policy Research Institute, and has edited its journal, Orbis, since 2008. Owens has previously served as a national security advisor to Senator Bob Kasten and in the Department of Energy under the Reagan administration. From 1990 to 1997, Owens was editor-in-chief of the defense journal Strategic Review and an adjunct professor of international relations at what is now the Pardee School of Global Studies at Boston University.

Owens served as an infantry platoon commander from 1968-1969 in Vietnam during the Vietnam War, during which he was wounded twice, and awarded the Silver Star. He retired from the Marine Corps Reserve as a colonel in 1994. He holds a Ph.D in politics from the University of Dallas, a Master of Arts in economics from the University of Oklahoma, and a Bachelor of Arts from the University of California, Santa Barbara.

His book, US Civil-Military Relations After 9/11: Renegotiating the Civil-Military Bargain, was published by Continuum in January 2011. It explains some of the key issues that surround the relations between the military and its civilian control in the US today.

Owens contends "that women in combat undermine unit cohesion and thereby generate Clausewitzian friction."


New Taipei City Council

The New Taipei City Council (NTPCC; ) is the elected municipal council of New Taipei City, Taiwan. The council composes of 66 councilors lastly elected through the 2018 Republic of China local election on 24 November 2018. Along with Kaohsiung City Council, it has the most seats among all councils in Taiwan.

History

The council was originally established Taipei County Council. On 25 December 2010, it was changed to New Taipei City Council.

Organization
 Meeting Affairs Division
 General Affairs Division
 Legal Affairs Office
 Public Relations Office
 Information Management Office
 Administration Office
 Documentation Office
 Personnel Office
 Accounting Office

Transportation
The council is accessible within walking distance South West from Jiangzicui Station of Taipei Metro.