Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety

The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity is an international agreement on biosafety as a supplement to the Convention on Biological Diversity effective since 2003. The Biosafety Protocol seeks to protect biological diversity from the potential risks posed by genetically modified organisms resulting from modern biotechnology.

The Biosafety Protocol makes clear that products from new technologies must be based on the precautionary principle and allow developing nations to balance public health against economic benefits. It will for example let countries ban imports of genetically modified organisms if they feel there is not enough scientific evidence that the product is safe and requires exporters to label shipments containing genetically altered commodities such as corn or cotton.

The required number of 50 instruments of ratification/accession/approval/acceptance by countries was reached in May 2003. In accordance with the provisions of its Article 37, the Protocol entered into force on 11 September 2003. As of December 2019, the Protocol had 172 parties, which includes 168 United Nations member states, the State of Palestine, Niue, the European Union, and now Uzbekistan signed on October 25, 2019.

Objective
In accordance with the precautionary approach, contained in Principle 15 of the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, the objective of the Protocol is to contribute to ensuring an adequate level of protection in the field of the safe transfer, handling and use of 'living modified organisms resulting from modern biotechnology' that may have adverse effects on the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, taking also into account risks to human health, and specifically focusing on transboundary movements (Article 1 of the Protocol, SCBD 2000).

Living modified organisms (LMOs)
The protocol defines a 'living modified organism' as any living organism that possesses a novel combination of genetic material obtained through the use of modern biotechnology, and 'living organism' means any biological entity capable of transferring or replicating genetic material, including sterile organisms, viruses and viroids. 'Modern biotechnology' is defined in the Protocol to mean the application of in vitro nucleic acid techniques, or fusion of cells beyond the taxonomic family, that overcome natural physiological reproductive or recombination barriers and are not techniques used in traditional breeding and selection. 'Living modified organism (LMO) Products' are defined as processed material that are of living modified organism origin, containing detectable novel combinations of replicable genetic material obtained through the use of modern biotechnology. Common LMOs include agricultural crops that have been genetically modified for greater productivity or for resistance to pests or diseases. Examples of modified crops include tomatoes, cassava, corn, cotton and soybeans. 'Living modified organism intended for direct use as food or feed, or for processing (LMO-FFP)' are agricultural commodities from GM crops. Overall the term 'living modified organisms' is equivalent to genetically modified organism – the Protocol did not make any distinction between these terms and did not use the term 'genetically modified organism.'

Precautionary approach
One of the outcomes of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (also known as the Earth Summit) held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in June 1992, was the adoption of the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, which contains 27 principles to underpin sustainable development. Commonly known as the precautionary principle, Principle 15 states that "In order to protect the environment, the precautionary approach shall be widely applied by States according to their capabilities. Where there are threats of serious or irreversible damage, lack of full scientific certainty shall not be used as a reason for postponing cost-effective measures to prevent environmental degradation."

Elements of the precautionary approach are reflected in a number of the provisions of the Protocol, such as:
 The preamble, reaffirming "the precautionary approach contained in Principle 15 of the Rio Declaration on environment and Development";
 Article 1, indicating that the objective of the Protocol is "in accordance with the precautionary approach contained in Principle 15 of the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development";
 Article 10.6 and 11.8, which states "Lack of scientific certainty due to insufficient relevant scientific information and knowledge regarding the extent of the potential adverse effects of an LMO on biodiversity, taking into account risks to human health, shall not prevent a Party of import from taking a decision, as appropriate, with regard to the import of the LMO in question, in order to avoid or minimize such potential adverse effects."; and
 Annex III on risk assessment, which notes that "Lack of scientific knowledge or scientific consensus should not necessarily be interpreted as indicating a particular level of risk, an absence of risk, or an acceptable risk."

Application
The Protocol applies to the transboundary movement, transit, handling and use of all living modified organisms that may have adverse effects on the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, taking also into account risks to human health (Article 4 of the Protocol, SCBD 2000).

Parties and non-parties
The governing body of the Protocol is called the Conference of the Parties to the Convention serving as the meeting of the Parties to the Protocol (also the COP-MOP). The main function of this body is to review the implementation of the Protocol and make decisions necessary to promote its effective operation. Decisions under the Protocol can only be taken by Parties to the Protocol. Parties to the Convention that are not Parties to the Protocol may only participate as observers in the proceedings of meetings of the COP-MOP.

The Protocol addresses the obligations of Parties in relation to the transboundary movements of LMOs to and from non-Parties to the Protocol. The transboundary movements between Parties and non-Parties must be carried out in a manner that is consistent with the objective of the Protocol. Parties are required to encourage non-Parties to adhere to the Protocol and to contribute information to the Biosafety Clearing-House.

Relationship with the WTO
A number of agreements under the World Trade Organization (WTO), such as the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS Agreement) and the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT Agreement), and the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPs), contain provisions that are relevant to the Protocol. This Protocol states in its preamble that parties:
 Recognize that trade and environment agreements should be mutually supportive;
 Emphasize that the Protocol is not interpreted as implying a change in the rights and obligations under any existing agreements; and
 Understand that the above recital is not intended to subordinate the Protocol to other international agreements.

Main features

Overview of features
The Protocol promotes biosafety by establishing rules and procedures for the safe transfer, handling, and use of LMOs, with specific focus on transboundary movements of LMOs. It features a set of procedures including one for LMOs that are to be intentionally introduced into the environment called the advance informed agreement procedure, and one for LMOs that are intended to be used directly as food or feed or for processing. Parties to the Protocol must ensure that LMOs are handled, packaged and transported under conditions of safety. Furthermore, the shipment of LMOs subject to transboundary movement must be accompanied by appropriate documentation specifying, among other things, identity of LMOs and contact point for further information. These procedures and requirements are designed to provide importing Parties with the necessary information needed for making informed decisions about whether or not to accept LMO imports and for handling them in a safe manner.

The Party of import makes its decisions in accordance with scientifically sound risk assessments. The Protocol sets out principles and methodologies on how to conduct a risk assessment. In case of insufficient relevant scientific information and knowledge, the Party of import may use precaution in making their decisions on import. Parties may also take into account, consistent with their international obligations, socio-economic considerations in reaching decisions on import of LMOs.

Parties must also adopt measures for managing any risks identified by the risk assessment, and they must take necessary steps in the event of accidental release of LMOs.

To facilitate its implementation, the Protocol establishes a Biosafety Clearing-House for Parties to exchange information, and contains a number of important provisions, including capacity-building, a financial mechanism, compliance procedures, and requirements for public awareness and participation.

Procedures for moving LMOs across borders

Advance Informed Agreement
The "Advance Informed Agreement" (AIA) procedure applies to the first intentional transboundary movement of LMOs for intentional introduction into the environment of the Party of import. It includes four components: notification by the Party of export or the exporter, acknowledgment of receipt of notification by the Party of import, the decision procedure, and opportunity for review of decisions. The purpose of this procedure is to ensure that importing countries have both the opportunity and the capacity to assess risks that may be associated with the LMO before agreeing to its import. The Party of import must indicate the reasons on which its decisions are based (unless consent is unconditional). A Party of import may, at any time, in light of new scientific information, review and change a decision. A Party of export or a notifier may also request the Party of import to review its decisions.

However, the Protocol's AIA procedure does not apply to certain categories of LMOs:
 LMOs in transit;
 LMOs destined for contained use;
 LMOs intended for direct use as food or feed or for processing

While the Protocol's AIA procedure does not apply to certain categories of LMOs, Parties have the right to regulate the importation on the basis of domestic legislation. There are also allowances in the Protocol to declare certain LMOs exempt from application of the AIA procedure.

LMOs intended for food or feed, or for processing
LMOs intended for direct use as food or feed, or processing (LMOs-FFP) represent a large category of agricultural commodities. The Protocol, instead of using the AIA procedure, establishes a more simplified procedure for the transboundary movement of LMOs-FFP. Under this procedure, A Party must inform other Parties through the Biosafety Clearing-House, within 15 days, of its decision regarding domestic use of LMOs that may be subject to transboundary movement.

Decisions by the Party of import on whether or not to accept the import of LMOs-FFP are taken under its domestic regulatory framework that is consistent with the objective of the Protocol. A developing country Party or a Party with an economy in transition may, in the absence of a domestic regulatory framework, declare through the Biosafety Clearing-House that its decisions on the first import of LMOs-FFP will be taken in accordance with risk assessment as set out in the Protocol and time frame for decision-making.

Handling, transport, packaging and identification
The Protocol provides for practical requirements that are deemed to contribute to the safe movement of LMOs. Parties are required to take measures for the safe handling, packaging and transportation of LMOs that are subject to transboundary movement. The Protocol specifies requirements on identification by setting out what information must be provided in documentation that should accompany transboundary shipments of LMOs. It also leaves room for possible future development of standards for handling, packaging, transport and identification of LMOs by the meeting of the Parties to the Protocol.

Each Party is required to take measures ensuring that LMOs subject to intentional transboundary movement are accompanied by documentation identifying the LMOs and providing contact details of persons responsible for such movement. The details of these requirements vary according to the intended use of the LMOs, and, in the case of LMOs for food, feed or for processing, they should be further addressed by the governing body of the Protocol. (Article 18 of the Protocol, SCBD 2000).

The first meeting of the Parties adopted decisions outlining identification requirements for different categories of LMOs (Decision BS-I/6, SCBD 2004). However, the second meeting of the Parties failed to reach agreement on the detailed requirements to identify LMOs intended for direct use as food, feed or for processing and will need to reconsider this issue at its third meeting in March 2006.

Biosafety Clearing-House
The Protocol established a Biosafety Clearing-House (BCH), in order to facilitate the exchange of scientific, technical, environmental and legal information on, and experience with, living modified organisms; and to assist Parties to implement the Protocol (Article 20 of the Protocol, SCBD 2000). It was established in a phased manner, and the first meeting of the Parties approved the transition from the pilot phase to the fully operational phase, and adopted modalities for its operations (Decision BS-I/3, SCBD 2004).


Sir John Hotham, 1st Baronet

Sir John Hotham, 1st Baronet (circa July 1589 – 3 January 1645) of Scorborough Hall, near Driffield, Yorkshire, was an English Member of Parliament who was Governor of Hull in 1642 shortly before the start of the Civil War. He refused to allow King Charles I or any member of his entourage to enter the town, thereby depriving the king of access to the large arsenal contained within. Later in the Civil War he and his son John Hotham the younger were accused of treachery to the Parliamentarian cause, found guilty and executed on Tower Hill.

Origins
He was born in 1589 the second but only surviving son of  John Hotham (1540–1609) of Scorborough, who in 1584 had been elected a Member of Parliament for Scarborough in Yorkshire. His mother has been variously given as Julian Stanhope, a daughter of Sir Michael Stanhope of Shelford, Nottinghamshire or as Jane Legard, a daughter of Richard Legard of Rysome, Yorkshire.

Career
He fought on the continent of Europe during the early part of the Thirty Years' War. In 1622 he was made a baronet. He was elected a Member of Parliament for Beverley in the five Parliaments between 1625 and 1640, and served as Sheriff of Yorkshire in 1634. In 1639 he was deprived by the king of his office of Governor of Hull, and joining the parliamentary party, he refused to pay ship-money. In January 1642 Hotham was ordered by Parliament to seize the town of Hull, where there was a large store of munitions of war; this was at once carried out by his son John Hotham the younger. Hotham senior took command of Hull and in April 1642 refused to admit King Charles I to the town. Later he promised his prisoner, George Digby, 2nd Earl of Bristol, that he would surrender the town to the king, but when Charles appeared again he refused a second time and drove away the besiegers.

Meanwhile, Hotham the younger was taking an active part in the Civil War in Yorkshire and Lincolnshire, but was soon at variance with other parliamentary leaders, especially with Lord Fairfax and his son Sir Thomas Fairfax, and complaints about his conduct and that of his troops were made by Oliver Cromwell and by Colonel John Hutchinson. Soon both the Hothams were corresponding with the Earl of Newcastle, and Hotham the younger was probably ready to betray Hull; these proceedings became known to Parliament, and in June 1643 father and son were captured and taken to London.

Death & burial

After a long delay they were tried by court-martial, were found guilty and were sentenced to death. The younger Hotham was beheaded at Tower Hill on 2 January 1645, and despite of efforts made by the House of Lords and the Presbyterians to save him, his father suffered the same fate on the following day. Both were buried at the nearby church of All Hallows-by-the-Tower.  A tomb monument was erected in his memory in St Mary's Church, South Dalton. The baronetcy passed to Sir John's grandson Sir John Hotham, 2nd Baronet, the son of Hotham the younger.

Marriages & progeny
Sir John married five times and had sixteen children of whom six sons and three daughters survived childhood.
Firstly, on 16 February 1607, to Katherine Rodes, daughter of Sir John Rodes of Barlborough, Derbyshire. By Katherine, who brought a dowry of 1,000 marks, he had two sons and two daughters, who all predeceased their father, including:
John Hotham the younger, eldest son and heir apparent, who with his father was accused of treachery, found guilty and executed.
Secondly, on 16 July 1614 to Anne Rokeby, daughter and heiress of Ralph Rokeby (died 1595), Deputy Secretary of the Council in the North 1587-95, by whom he had three sons, including:
Rev. Charles Hotham (1615– c.1672), Rector of Wigan, a Cambridge scholar and author of Ad Philosophiam Teutonicam Manuductio (1648). He supported Parliament during the Civil War, and was ejected as a minister shortly after the Restoration of the Monarchy.
Durant Hotham (1617–1691), a lawyer, landowner, and East Riding magistrate, author of a Life of Jakob Boehme (1654).
Thirdly he married Frances Legard, daughter of John Legard, of the City of London London and of Ganton, North Yorkshire, a member of the Worshipful Company of Haberdashers, by whom he had  three daughters, who all predeceased their father.
Fourthly, on 27 October 1631, he married Katherine Bamburgh ( d. 31 August 1634), a daughter of Sir William Bamburgh, 1st Baronet of Howsham, North Yorkshire, and widow of Sir Thomas Norcliffe of Langton, North Yorkshire. By Katherine Bamburgh he had two daughters, one of whom predeceased their father.
Fifthly, on 7 May 1635, he married Sarah Anlaby, a daughter of Thomas Anlaby of Etton, Yorkshire, by whom he had four daughters.

Notes


Jean-Pierre Bergeret

Jean-Pierre Bergeret (1751–1813) was a French botanist. He was born on 25 November 1751, in Lasseube (Béarn), and died on 28 March 1813, in Paris. He was the author of the following:
 Phytonomatotechnie universelle, c'est-à-dire, l'art de donner aux plantes des noms tirés de leurs caractères, 1783–84.
 Flore des Basses-Pyrénées, 1803 (with Eugène Bergeret; Gaston Bergeret) – Flora of Basses-Pyrénées.


Eckernforde Tanga University

Eckernforde Tanga University (ETU) is a  private university in Tanga, Tanzania.


Meat hook

A meat hook is any hook normally used in butcheries to hang meat. This form of hook is a variation on the classic S hook.

Types
An S-shaped hook or jointed hook is used to hang up meat or the carcasses of animals such as pigs and cattle on a moving conveyor line. The jointed hook is able to swivel, allowing the carcass to be turned more easily.
A gambrel hook or stick is a frame (shaped like a horse's hind leg) with hooks for suspending a carcass in a more spread out fashion.
A grip hook is a single hook with a handle of some kind, to hold on to a carcass while butchering.
A bacon hook or bacon hanger is a multi-pronged coat-hanger type hook, used to hang bacon joints and other meat.

External link


Godsway Donyoh

Godsway Donyoh (born 14 October 1994) is a Ghanaian footballer. He currently plays for Dynamo Dresden, on loan from FC Nordsjælland.

In November 2012 Donyoh visited Swedish club Djurgårdens IF. There he took part in three friendly games where his performances impressed the club. Through their newly formed cooperation with Manchester City it was decided in January 2013 that he would join Djurgården on loan for the 2013 Allsvenskan season. When the season was over Manchester City told Djurgården that they wanted Donyoh to play as forward instead of winger where Djurgården had mostly used him. The Swedish club couldn't guarantee any playing time in that position so it was decided that he would not return for the following season. Godsway Donyoh is also widely known for an extremely successful stint at City Allstars where he managed to score 8 goals in 15 matches, which is widely unreported in Europe but is well known back in his homeland of Ghana


Manheim, New York

Manheim is a town in Herkimer County, New York, United States. The population was 3,334 at the 2010 census. The town name is derived from Mannheim in Baden, Germany.

The town is in the southeastern part of the Herkimer County and is bordered to the southwest by the city of Little Falls. The village of Dolgeville is in the northeast corner of the town. Manheim is east of Utica.

The Mohawk River forms the southern border of the town.

History
The town was first settled around 1756 by natives of German states.

In 1780, during the American Revolution, Loyalists and native allies attacked settlements in the town.

Manheim was formed from the town of Palatine (Montgomery County) in 1797.

In 1865, the population of Manheim was 1,831.

The Snells Bush Church and Cemetery was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town of Manheim has a total area of , of which  are land and , or 1.88%, are water.

The eastern town line is the border of Fulton County, marked by East Canada Creek. The south town line is marked by the Mohawk River.

New York State Route 5 is an east-west highway in the south part of the town. New York State Route 167 and New York State Route 170A are north-south highways. NY-170A is in the northwest part of Manheim, and NY-167 connects Little Falls to Dolgeville.

Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 3,171 people, 1,297 households, and 885 families residing in the town.  The population density was 109.2 people per square mile (42.2/km²).  There were 1,480 housing units at an average density of 51.0 per square mile (19.7/km²).  The racial makeup of the town was 97.86% White, 0.35% African American, 0.47% Native American, 0.38% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 0.06% from other races, and 0.85% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.69% of the population.

There were 1,297 households out of which 30.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.7% were married couples living together, 10.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.7% were non-families. 27.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.  The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.92.

In the town, the population was spread out with 24.7% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 25.2% from 25 to 44, 25.8% from 45 to 64, and 16.7% who were 65 years of age or older.  The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.7 males.  For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.5 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $31,750, and the median income for a family was $39,032. Males had a median income of $28,424 versus $18,264 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,429.  About 9.0% of families and 12.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.2% of those under age 18 and 8.5% of those age 65 or over.

Communities and locations in Manheim
East Canada Lake – A small lake at the east town line.
Dolgeville – The village of Dolgeville is in the northeast corner of the town on NY-167.
East Creek – A hamlet in the southeast part of the town on NY-5 at County Road 42, by the Mohawk River.
Five Mile Dam – A location by the Mohawk River.
Garlock Corners – A location northwest of Manheim Center, on County Road 55.
Ingham Mills – A hamlet at the east town line, south of Dolgeville. Partially in Town of Oppenheim in Fulton County. The community was founded in 1802 with the construction of grist and saw mills.
Ingham Mills Station – A hamlet southeast of Manheim Center on County Road 42.
Kyser Lake – A small lake north of Ingham Mills.
Manheim Center – A hamlet in the south-central part of the town on NY-167.
Ransom Creek – A stream entering the north end of Kyser Lake.


1994–95 in Ukrainian football

The 1994–95 season was the fourth season of competitive football in Ukraine.

National team

Premier League

League table

First League

League table

Second League

League table

External links
 Complete results of all national team matches


Iberian Pyrite Belt

The Iberian Pyrite Belt is a vast geographical area with particular geological features that stretches along much of the south of the Iberian Peninsula, from Portugal to Spain. It is about 250 km long and 30–50 km wide, running northwest to southeast from Alcácer do Sal (Portugal) to  Sevilla (Spain). The mining activity in this region goes back thousands of years.

The Iberian Pyrite Belt has had more than 2000 million tons of ore and still has more than 400 million left to exploit. It is the largest concentration of massive sulfides in the world.

Formation
The Iberian Pyrite Belt was formed 350 million years ago in the Devonian Period, connected to active and hydrothermal volcanism that led to the formation of a volcanic-sedimentary complex. Volcanic activity in the region led to eight giant volcanogenic massive sulfide ore deposits (VMS) associated with polymetallic massive flanks of volcanic cones in the form of pyrite, and also chalcopyrite, sphalerite, galena and cassiterite. The deposits of the Iberian Pyrite Belt are notable examples of volcanic- and sediment-hosted massive sulfide (VSHMS) deposits, which hybrids between the VMS and SEDEX deposits. Over 250 deposits are known in the belt.

Mining

From the eighth century BC, there was mining in the area but it was the Romans who exploited the mines with greater intensity, thanks to its strategic position in the Mediterranean. This southern area of Lusitania, a Roman province for several centuries, was an abundant source of mineral ore which included gold, silver, copper, tin, lead, and iron. Given its mineral riches, the area played a significant role in the expansion of Roman metallurgy. During the Roman period, extensive mining and storage of valuable minerals required protective fortifications and mineral warehouses. This physiographic region contains many areas that contain large concentrations of ore and areas of extreme environmental conditions such as the Rio Tinto River.

Small structures
There are remains of more than 20 such small structures in the Portuguese Castro Verde territory. A mining transportation route that existed between the mines of Aljustrel 20 km to the north and the port city of  Mértola 40 km to the east, is situated on the Guadiana river.

The Sao Domingos Mine and Ríotinto mines accounted for one of the bases of the economy in the area.  While in the Middle Ages there was a decline in the mining industry, in the Industrial Revolution it intensified again, especially from the late nineteenth century when dozens of mines operated, primarily producing pyrite. Removal of sulfur remained significant until the 1950s because of its application in the chemical industry (production of sulfuric acid). At present, this mining area is in decline. The economic viability depends on the extraction of copper, zinc, lead and, in some cases, precious metals like gold and silver. The São Domingos Mine is now a deserted open-pit pyrite mine in Alentejo, Portugal.


Rajmund Zieliński

Rajmund Zieliński (born 9 October 1940) is a former Polish cyclist. He competed at the 1964 Summer Olympics and the 1968 Summer Olympics. He won the Tour de Pologne in 1964.


Bhirkot, Gorkha

Mirkot (  मिरकोट ) is a village development committee in Gorkha District in the Gandaki Zone of northern-central Nepal. It is also known as Bhirkot, Gorkha. It lies on the western side of the headquarters of Gorkha. According to the National Population and Housing Census 2011, it had a population of 5261 (2407 male and 2854 female), and had 1388 households in the village. Its neighbourhood VDCs are Gaikhur, Dhuwakot, Khoplang, Chyangli, Palumtar, Chhoprak and Deurali. Such as Kotgadi, Lakang, Mahadev Temple are the most important places of Mirkot. The central part of Mirkot VDC is called Bagdanda, Where the main office of the VDC and Mirkot Higher Secondary School are located.

•Major villages: Bagdanda, Sanabesi, Sera, Dhaukhola, Supare, Ramche, Kusuntar, Panthini, Lakang, Britti, Tari, Jhahare, Simalgaira, Lazikot, Dharapani, Jogi Dihi etc.

•Major Places of Attractions: Such as Kotgadi, Lakang Kalika, Mahadev Temple, Historical Pond of Lazikot are the most Important historical places of Mirkot.

•Ethnic Group: People are mainly from Brahamin, Kchetri, Gurung, Dalit, Magar, Lama, Tamang, other community.


Pyrofomes castanopsidis

Pyrofomes castanopsidis is a species of polypore fungus in the family Polyporaceae. It was described as new to science in 2011 by Chinese mycologists Bao-Kai Cui and Yu-Cheng Dai. The type collections of the fungus were made in Luofushan Forest Park in Huizhou (Guangdong Province, China), where the fungus was discovered growing on a live plant of Castanopsis. The specific epithet castanopsidis refers to the genus of the host plant.


Nanos, Vipava

Nanos () is a dispersed settlement on Mount Nanos in the Municipality of Vipava in the Littoral region of Slovenia.

Name
The name of the settlement was changed from Ravnik to Nanos in 1955.

Church
The local church, built close to Pleša Peak on Mount Nanos, is dedicated to Saint Jerome and belongs to the Parish of Podnanos.


Cibecue Airport

Cibecue Airport  is a public use airport located  southeast of the central business district of Cibecue, in Navajo County, Arizona, United States. It is owned by the White Mountain Apache Tribe. This airport is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems, which categorized it as a general aviation facility.

Facilities and aircraft
Cibecue Airport covers an area of 163 acres (66 ha) at an elevation of 5,037 feet (1,535 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 7/25 with a gravel and dirt surface measuring 4,200 by 100 feet (1,280 x 30 m).


Flathead galaxias

Flathead galaxias is a common name for several fish and may refer to:

Galaxias depressiceps, native to New Zealand
Galaxias rostratus, native to Australia


Waldeen Falkenstein

Waldeen (von) Falkenstein Brooke de Zatz better known as "Waldeen" (February 1, 1913August 18, 1993) was an American-born dancer and choreographer. Together with Anna Sokolow, Alicia Markova, Anton Dolin and Michel Descombey, she belongs to the great precursors of modern Mexican dance.

Biography
Waldeen was born in Dallas and joined the Japanese choreographer Seki Sano when he moved to Mexico. Afterwards she left Mexico but returned together with the dancer Winifred Widener to Mexico City in 1939, where they danced at the theater of fine arts (). She was ordered to establish the Ballet de Bellas Artes, the ballet group of the theater, which she led until it was dissolved in 1947. At this time she had also an affair with Bodo Uhse and lived together with him, before he married Alma Agee.

Waldeen married Rodolfo Valencia, a theater director, and was invited by the revolutionary government of Cuba, where she stood from 1962 to 1965. In 1966 she established a further ballet company, known as the "Waldeen Ballet". Notable dancers of the company were Guillermina Bravo and Ana Mérida. She died in Cuernavaca.


Tongosan

Tongosan is a mountain of Gyeongsangbuk-do, eastern South Korea. It has an elevation of 1,067 metres.


Super Mario Spikers

Super Mario Spikers is a cancelled video game developed by Next Level Games, planned for release on the Wii video game console. The game was worked on in 2006 and 2007, but never formally announced as a title in development until a prototype was leaked in 2014.

Gameplay
The game was described as a hybrid of volleyball and wrestling, with elements of a game show as well.

Development
Development of the game began in late 2006, shortly after Next Level Games had completed Mario Strikers Charged. As a reward for the success of the prior two Mario Strikers adaptations of the Mario franchise to the world of Soccer, and Nintendo's general success with creating sports adaptations with Mario characters, Nintendo financed Next Level Games efforts to create a pitch for a volleyball game. The title started off as Mario Volleyball, a simple take on Mario characters playing volleyball, similar to Mario Golf or Mario Tennis. Over time, the development team decided to implement elements of wrestling to the game, changing the title to Super Mario Spikers and adding more aggressive gameplay, making it more similar to their two prior Mario soccer games in both title and concept. This move was inspired by Next Level Games' involvement in also developing a cancelled WWE game prior to Super Mario Strikers.

Nintendo was initially open to the idea, giving the budget to follow through as a reward for the completion of Mario Strikers Charged. However, it was not green-light after Nintendo saw the team's pitch due to the level of violence present. A playable prototype was created before development ceased in 2007. An unnamed member of the development team stated that the game clashing with Nintendo's "code of honor" was the reason for its rejection.

Aftermath and legacy
The game went entirely unannounced until information on the game was leaked by video game website "Unseen 64" in September 2014. Only test footage and concept art were ever released from the project. Despite Nintendo passing on the game, Next Level Games would continue to work with Nintendo with their properties, with the team next developing 2009's Punch-Out!! (Wii), and Luigi's Mansion: Dark Moon.

Video game journalists lamented the game's cancellation due to its original premise. IGN included it on its October 2014 feature of "10 Most Heartbreaking Game Cancellations", likening the game's potential to U.S. Championship V'Ball. Kotaku writer Alex Walker featured it in his list of cancelled games Nintendo could revive. GamesRadar felt that it was understandable why Nintendo did not greenlight the project, citing an animation where Waluigi stomps on a downed Mario as being exceedingly violent for a Mario game.


Minor-planet moon

A minor-planet moon is an astronomical object that orbits a minor planet as its natural satellite. As of January 2020, there are 384 minor planets known or suspected to have moons. Discoveries of minor-planet moons (and binary objects, in general) are important because the determination of their orbits provides estimates on the mass and density of the primary, allowing insights of their physical properties that is generally not otherwise possible.

The first modern era mention of the possibility of an asteroid satellite was in connection with an occultation of the bright star Gamma Ceti by the asteroid 6 Hebe in 1977. The observer, amateur astronomer Paul D. Maley, detected an unmistakable 0.5 second disappearance of this naked eye star from a site near Victoria, Texas. Many hours later, several observations were reported in Mexico attributed to the occultation by 6 Hebe itself. Although not confirmed, this documents the first formally documented case of a suspected companion of an asteroid.

Terminology

In addition to the terms satellite and moon, the term "binary" (binary minor planet) is sometimes used for minor planets with moons, and "triple" for minor planets with two moons. If one object is much bigger it can be referred to as the primary and its companion as secondary. The term double asteroid is sometimes used for systems in which the asteroid and its moon are roughly the same size, while binary tends to be used independently from the relative sizes of the components. When binary minor planets are similar in size, the Minor Planet Center (MPC) refers to them as "binary companions" instead of referring to the smaller body as a satellite. A good example of a true binary is the 90 Antiope system, identified in August 2000. Small satellites are often referred to as moonlets.

Discovery milestones

Prior to the era of the Hubble Space Telescope and space probes reaching the outer Solar System, attempts to detect satellites around asteroids were limited to optical observations from Earth. For example, in 1978, stellar occultation observations were claimed as evidence of a satellite for the asteroid 532 Herculina. However, later more-detailed imaging by the Hubble Telescope did not reveal a satellite, and the current consensus is that Herculina does not have a significant satellite. There were other similar reports of asteroids having companions (usually referred to as satellites) in the following years. Also, a letter in Sky & Telescope magazine at this time pointed to apparently simultaneous impact craters on Earth (for example, the Clearwater Lakes in Quebec), suggesting that these craters were caused by pairs of gravitationally bound objects.

In 1993, the first asteroid moon was confirmed when the Galileo probe discovered the small Dactyl orbiting 243 Ida in the asteroid belt. The second was discovered around 45 Eugenia in 1998. In 2001, 617 Patroclus and its same-sized companion Menoetius became the first known binary asteroids in the Jupiter trojans. The first trans-Neptunian binary after Pluto–Charon, , was optically resolved in 2002.

Triple systems

In 2005, the asteroid 87 Sylvia was discovered to have two satellites, making it the first known triple system (also called trinary minor planets). This was followed by the discovery of a second moon orbiting 45 Eugenia. Also in 2005, the dwarf planet  was discovered to have two moons, making it the second trans-Neptunian object after Pluto known to have more than one moon. Additionally, 216 Kleopatra and 93 Minerva were discovered to be trinary asteroids in 2008 and 2009 respectively. Since the first few triple minor planets were discovered, more continue to be discovered at a rate of about one a year. Most recently discovered were two moons orbiting large near-earth asteroid 3122 Florence, bringing the number of known trinary systems in the Solar System up to 16 (including the Pluto system).

The following table lists all satellites of triple systems (or higher multiplicities) chronologically by their discovery date, starting with Charon, discovered in 1978.

Commonality
The data about the populations of binary objects are still patchy. In addition to the inevitable observational bias (dependence on the distance from Earth, size, albedo and separation of the components) the frequency appears to be different among different categories of objects. Among asteroids, an estimated 2% would have satellites. Among trans-Neptunian objects (TNO), an estimated 11% are thought to be binary or multiple objects, and the majority of the large TNOs have at least one satellite, including all four IAU-listed dwarf planets.

More than 50 binaries are known in each of the main groupings: near-Earth asteroids, belt asteroids, and trans-Neptunian objects, not including numerous claims based solely on light-curve variation.

Two binaries have been found so far among centaurs with semi-major axes smaller than Neptune.
Both are double ring systems around 2060 Chiron and 10199 Chariklo, discovered in 1994–2011 and 2013 respectively.

Origin
The origin of minor-planet moons is not currently known with certainty, and a variety of theories exist. A widely accepted theory is that minor-planet moons are formed from debris knocked off of the primary by an impact. Other pairings may be formed when a small object is captured by the gravity of a larger one.

Formation by collision is constrained by the angular momentum of the components, i.e. by the masses and their separation. Close binaries fit this model (e.g. Pluto–Charon). Distant binaries however, with components of comparable size, are unlikely to have followed this scenario, unless considerable mass has been lost in the event.

The distances of the components for the known binaries vary from a few hundreds of kilometres (243 Ida, 3749 Balam) to more than 3000 km (379 Huenna) for the asteroids. Among TNOs, the known separations vary from 3,000 to 50,000 km.

Populations and classes
What is "typical" for a binary system tends to depend on its location in the Solar System (presumably because of different modes of origin and lifetimes of such systems in different populations of minor planets).
 Among near-Earth asteroids, satellites tend to orbit at distances of the order of 3–7 primary radii, and have diameters two to several times smaller than the primary. Since these binaries are all inner-planet crossers, it is thought that tidal stresses that occurred when the parent object passed close to a planet may be responsible for the formation of many of them, although collisions are thought to also be a factor in the creation of these satellites.
 Among main-belt asteroids, the satellites are usually much smaller than the primary (a notable exception being 90 Antiope), and orbit around 10 primary radii away. Many of the binary systems here are members of asteroid families, and a good proportion of satellites are expected to be fragments of a parent body whose disruption after an asteroid collision produced both the primary and satellite.
 Among trans-Neptunian objects, it is common for the two orbiting components to be of comparable size, and for the semi-major axis of their orbits to be much larger − about 100 to 1000 primary radii. A significant proportion of these binaries are expected to be primordial.
 Pluto has five known moons. Its largest moon Charon is more than half the size of Pluto itself, and large enough to orbit a point outside Pluto's surface. In fact, each orbits the common barycenter between them, with Pluto's orbit entirely enclosed by Charon's; thus they form a binary system informally referred to as a double dwarf planet. Pluto's four other moons, Nix, Hydra, Kerberos, and Styx, are far smaller and orbit the Pluto–Charon system.
 Haumea has two moons with radii estimated around 155 km (Hiʻiaka) and 85 km (Namaka).
  has one known moon, S/2015 (136472) 1, estimated to be some  in diameter.
  has one known moon, Dysnomia. Its radius, based on its brightness, is estimated to be roughly between 150 and 350 km.

List

, there are 384 minor planets with 403 known companions. These consist of:

Near-Earth objects

This is a list of near-Earth asteroids with companions. Candidate binaries with an unconfirmed status are displayed on a dark background. For an overview, see summary and introduction.

Mars crossers

This is a list of Mars-crossing asteroids with companions. Candidate binaries with an unconfirmed status are displayed on a dark background. For an overview, see summary and introduction.

Main-belt asteroids

This is a list of main-belt asteroids with companions. Candidate binaries with an unconfirmed status are displayed on a dark background. For an overview, see summary and introduction.

The following binaries are double asteroids, with similarly-sized components, and a barycenter outside of the larger object.

 90 Antiope — S/2000 (90) 1
 854 Frostia — S/2004 (854) 1
 1313 Berna — S/2004 (1313) 1
 2478 Tokai — S/2007 (2478) 1
 3169 Ostro — S/2005 (3169) 1
 3749 Balam — S/2002 (3749) 1
 3905 Doppler — S/2013 (3905) 1
 4674 Pauling — S/2004 (4674) 1
 4951 Iwamoto — S/2007 (4951) 1
 5674 Wolff — S/2015 (5674) 1
 8474 Rettig — S/2015 (8474) 1
 17246 Christophedumas — S/2004 (17246) 1
  — S/2011 (300163) 1

In addition, these bodies might be double asteroids, but due to errors in their size and orbit, it is uncertain.

 809 Lundia — S/2005 (809) 1
 1089 Tama — S/2003 (1089) 1
 1509 Esclangona — S/2003 (1509) 1
 4492 Debussy — S/2004 (4492) 1
 11264 Claudiomaccone — S/2003 (11264) 1
 22899 Alconrad — S/2003 (22899) 1

Jupiter trojans

This is a list of Jupiter trojans with companions. Candidate binaries with an unconfirmed status are displayed on a dark background. For an overview, see summary and introduction.

Centaurs

There are only 2 centaurs with satellites, both of which are ring systems instead of moons.

Trans-Neptunian objects

This is a list of trans-Neptunian objects with companions. Candidate binaries with an unconfirmed status are displayed on a dark background. This list gives the companion's orbital period (Ps) in days rather than hours. For an overview, see summary and introduction.


Nzanyi language

Nzanyi (also known as Njanyi, Nzangi, Njai, Njeny, Zani, Zany, Jeng, Jenge, Njei, Njeing, Kobotshi) is an Afro-Asiatic language spoken in Nigeria in Adamawa State in the Maiha LGA, and along the border in Cameroon.  Dialects are Dede, Hoode, Lovi, Magara, Maiha, Mutidi, Nggwoli, Paka, and Rogede.

Notes


KJMG

KJMG (or Majic 97) is an FM radio station broadcasting at 97.3 MHz. The station is licensed to Bastrop, LA. The station Airs urban adult contemporary radio format. KJMG is owned by KP Music Group, LLC.

History
KJMG Majic 97 (97.3 FM) is urban adult contemporary. KJMG tends to lean more heavily on Throwback Hip Hip and R&B from the 90's and Early 2000


Antonio Arámbula López

José Antonio Arámbula López (born 9 December 1968) is a Mexican politician from the National Action Party. From 2009 to 2012 he served as Deputy of the LXI Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Aguascalientes.


San Simeon slender salamander

The San Simeon slender salamander (Batrachoseps incognitus) is a species of salamander in the family Plethodontidae.

Distribution
The San Simeon slender salamander is endemic to California, in south-western Monterey and northern San Luis Obispo Counties in the western United States.

The salamander's natural habitats are riparian areas, chaparral and woodlands, and temperate coniferous forests in the Santa Lucia Range, from near sea level to  in elevation.


Egarslan Bakurtsikheli

Egarslan Bakurtsikheli (; Egarslan of Bakhurtsikhe) was a 13th-century Georgian nobleman and politician, a powerful feudal lord and ruler of Kakheti.

Life
During the Mongol invasion of Georgia in 1236, Queen Rusudan of Georgia fled to western Georgia, leaving eastern Georgia in the hands of Atabeg (tutor) and Amirspasalar (commander-in-chief), Avag Mkhargrdzeli and Egarslan Bakurtsikheli, who held military posts in the frontier regions. They submitted to Mongols without serious opposition and agreed to pay tribute. Finally, in 1239 Georgia submitted to the Mongol Empire.

During this period (1245–1250), the two Davids (heirs of the Georgian crown) were absent at the court of the Great Khan in Karakorum. The Mongols divided the Kingdom of Georgia into eight districts (tumen). The first tumen, consisting of: Hereti, Kakheti and Kambechan came under Egarslan Bakurtsikheli, making him virtual head of Georgian nobility.

Georgian families obeyed his will, (even) the most high-ranking and honest mandaturtukhutsesi (Grand Master of Ceremonies) Shanshe, count Vahram of Gagi, and all the mtavaris (dukes). The Georgian metavaris parted with one other, but plunged into internecine wars. Almost immediately, noblemen met at Kokhtastavi in Javakheti to deal with anarchy brought about by Mongol oppression. They decided to place Bakurtsikheli at their head, the descendant of an impeccable family. After the conspiracy Bakurtsikheli had acquired so much power that other nobles feared he might seize the vacant throne. The chronicler describes him as "an estimable man and very versed in the science of war, [who] had such consideration that he only lacked the name of king. All the Georgians obeyed him as a monarch."

When the Georgians learned of the return of amirspasalar (commander-in-chief) Avag Mkhargrdzeli from Karakorum, chiefs and dignitaries went to meet him, along with Bakurtsikheli. When Avag approached him, he thought that Bakurtsikheli would dismount his horse and so would meet him. But he gave himself airs and did not deign to treat Avag according to his rank. Bakurtsikheli was expelled from the country, as the Mongols looked on approvingly.


Anton Mohr

Anton Mohr (8 February 1890 – 14 September 1968) was a Norwegian geographer and historian.

He was born in Fana to merchant and consul Conrad Mohr and Agnete Kroepelien, and was a brother of Wilhelm Mohr. He was a central person in the establishment of the Norwegian School of Economics, and was appointed professor of political history at the institution from 1946 to 60. His works include his thesis Kampen om Nilen from 1923, Kampen om oljen from 1925, Norges Kornforsyning inntil 1914 from 1954, and De 50 statene (1959). He wrote three books on the Napoleonic era, Keiseren av Elba, De hundrede dager and  Mot Sankt Helena. He was decorated Knight, First Class of the Order of St. Olav in 1960, and was a Commander of the Order of the Crown of Italy and Knight of the French Legion of Honour.


Antoine Racine

Antoine Racine (January 26, 1822 – 	July 17, 1893) was a Canadian Roman Catholic priest and the 1st Bishop of Sherbrooke from 1874 to 1893.  He is buried in the Cathedral in Sherbrooke.

Séminaire Saint-Charles-Borromée (known as St. Charles Seminary in English) was founded by Racine in 1875, the year after he became the first Bishop of Sherbrooke. A degree granting institution, perhaps it's most famous alumnus was Prime Minister of Canada Louis St. Laurent, who graduated in 1902.

He is the namesake of Saint-Antoine-de-Padoue parish, also known as St-Antoine-de-Lennoxville.


Stadlau (Vienna U-Bahn)

Stadlau  is a station on  of the Vienna U-Bahn. Despite being a U-Bahn station, it is situated above the , which is served by regional trains, and by line S80 of the Vienna S-Bahn.

Both stations are located in the Donaustadt District. The U-Bahn station opened in 2010.


Basra prison incident

The Basra prison incident was an  event involving British troops in Basra, Iraq. On 19 September 2005, two undercover British Special Air Service (SAS) soldiers disguised in Arab civilian garments and headdresses opened fire on Iraqi Police officers after having been stopped at a roadblock. Iraqi police found explosives in the British soldiers vehicle. Two Iraqi officers were shot, at least one of whom died. The two British men were arrested and taken to the Al Jameat police station.

The two SAS operators were part of Operation Hathor whose objective was keeping an Iraqi Police officer (who ran a crime unit with rumoured links to corruption and brutality in the city) under surveillance. Tension was already high between the Iraqi Police and British forces and when Iraqi policeman tried to pull the operators from their vehicle at the roadblock, they opened fire, killing two of the policemen. The SAS men drove off with Iraqi Police in pursuit, but feeling they could not outrun them they decided to stop and talk their way out of it. The Iraqi police beat and arrested them.

In response, twenty members of A Squadron 22nd SAS Regiment and a platoon of paratroopers from the Special Forces Support Group flew from Baghdad to Basra. Other SAS operators tracked down their two colleagues to Al Jameat police station and then withdrew and called in Hathor's QRF (Quick Reaction Force) in Basra, whilst a predator drone fed the UK  JOC a live feed on the prison.

Members of The 1st Battalion The Staffordshire Regiment were the spearhead of the operation, taking the lead in the operation to rescue the 2 SAS soldiers after significant small arms fire and RPG attacks the men from the Battalion Assaulted the police station securing it ensuring the safe extraction of the 2 SAS soldiers.

British tanks and infantry encircled the jail where the men (whose photographs had been widely circulated but whose names had not been made public) were being held. A crowd gathered and began throwing stones and petrol bombs at the tanks, setting at least one ablaze. Three British soldiers were injured and, according to some reports, two demonstrators were killed.

New intelligence suggested that the two prisoners had been moved to a house not far from the prison and the British feared that they would be executed by Iraqi Hezbollah. Because of this, the rescue plan was altered so that a few members of A squadron would assault the prison with regular army personnel and vehicles while the main SAS ground force assaulted the house. After nightfall, around 9pm, the British Army stormed the prison and house where the SAS men were being held. The SAS assault on the house met no resistance; they found the two prisoners in a locked room.

According to the governor of Basra province, Mohammed al-Waili, the British had used "more than ten tanks backed by helicopters" to carry out the raid. The assault on the prison was spearheaded by Warrior IFV's and Challenger tanks breaking down the walls and destroying cars and flimsy buildings. The British assault allowed 150 prisoners to flee the prison.

The Ministry of Defence initially denied storming the prison. In later statements, it said that the soldiers would have likely been killed, and that the police force had been infiltrated by illegal militia groups.

Muhammad al-Waili denounced the event as "barbaric, savage and irresponsible".

On 25 December 2006, British troops from The 1st Battalion The Staffordshire Regiment again raided the Al Jameat station, killing seven gunmen and freeing 127 prisoners being held by Shia militias there. They then blew up the building. A British Army spokesperson stated that the 127 prisoners freed had been tortured and that there were fears that they were about to be executed.


Santi Martiri, Arona

Santi Martiri also known as chiesa di San Graziano is the Roman Catholic church located on a hill above Piazza San Graziano in the town of Arona, Province of Novara, Piedmont, Italy.

History
The church was founded adjacent to a Benedictine abbey in the 10th century, but was rebuilt over the centuries. The church held custody of the Holy Martyrs, patrons of Arona. The present church has a Baroque façade added by the Jesuits, who were assigned the church and monastery by Cardinal Carlo Borromeo in 1572, and remained till their suppression in 1773.

The interior retains gothic elements of architecture and consists of a single nave with four lateral chapels. The fresco decoration was added between 1850 and 1852.

The main altar has a 15th-century painting depicting an Enthroned Madonna between Angels and Saints by Ambrogio da Fossano, called il Bergognone. The church also has a painting by Palma il Giovane.
The altar has bas reliefs depicting the four Martyrs, whose relics are sheltered here. The relics of Graziano and Felino were brought here from Perugia in 979, and those of Fedele and Carpoforo were brought from Como in 1200. During the 16th century, Cardinal Borromeo decided to move the relics to the church of San Fedele in Milan. However, protests by the people of Arona forced their restitution on 13 March 1576. That date is a local holiday called "Tredicino".


Geography of Suriname

Suriname is located in the northern part of South America and is part of Caribbean South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between French Guiana and Guyana. It is mostly covered by tropical rainforest, containing a great diversity of flora and fauna that, for the most part, are increasingly threatened by new development. There is a relatively small population, most of which live along the coast.

Location

Geographic coordinates:

Continent:
South America

Area
Total:

Land:

Water:

Area - comparative:
See order of magnitude 1 E+11 m². Slightly larger than the US state of Georgia.

Land boundaries

Total:

Border countries:
Brazil -
French Guiana -
Guyana -

Coastline:

Maritime claims
Exclusive economic zone:
 and

Territorial sea:

Climate and terrain

Terrain
Most of the country is made up of rolling hills, but there is a narrow coastal plain that has swampy terrain.

Elevation extremes

Lowest point: Unnamed location in the coastal plain -  below Sea Level.
Highest point: Juliana Top -

Natural resources
Timber, hydropower, fish, forests, hydroelectric potential, kaolin, shrimp, bauxite and gold. Small amounts of nickel, copper, platinum and iron ore. It also has sizeable oil.

Water
The country has one large reservoir, the Brokopondo Reservoir. Several rivers run through it, including the Suriname River, Nickerie River and Maroni or Marowijne River.

Land use
(2005 Estimates)

Arable land:
0.36%
Permanent crops:
0.06%
Other:
99.58%

Irrigated land
 (2003)

Natural hazards
Tropical Showers, no hurricanes.

Environment

Current issues
Deforestation is a real problem as timber is cut for export. There is also a lot of pollution of inland waterways by small-scale mining activities.

International agreements
Suriname has agreed to the following agreements:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling

Extreme points

 Northernmost point – Oostelijke Polders
 Southernmost point – Border with Brazil Coeroeni
 Westernmost point – Border with Guyana, Sipaliwini District
 Easternmost point – Border with French Guiana, Sipaliwini District
 Highest point – Julianatop: 1,230 m
 Lowest point – unnamed location on the coastal plain: -2 m

External links
"Guyana, or, the Kingdom of the Amazons" is a map from the 1600s of what is now known as Suriname


Erastus Harper

Erastus Rudd Harper (July 14, 1854 – May 12, 1927) was the 16th Lieutenant Governor of Colorado, serving from 1907 to 1909 under Henry Augustus Buchtel.


Megalopyge opercularis

Megalopyge opercularis is a moth of the family Megalopygidae. It has numerous common names, including southern flannel moth for its adult form, and puss caterpillar, asp, Italian asp, woolly slug, opossum bug, puss moth, tree asp, or asp caterpillar for its larval form.

Description

The inch-long larva is generously coated in long, luxuriant hair-like setae, making it resemble a tiny Persian cat, the characteristic that presumably gave it the name "puss". It is variable in color, from downy grayish white to golden brown to dark charcoal gray. It often has a streak of bright orange running longitudinally. The "fur" on early-stage larvae is sometimes extremely curly, giving them a cottony, puffed-up look. The body tapers to a tail that extends well beyond the body, unlike its relative M. crispata. The middle instar has a more disheveled, "bad-hair-day" appearance,  without a distinctive tail. The "fur" of the larva contains venomous spines that cause extremely painful reactions in human skin upon contact. The adult moth is covered in long fur in colors ranging from dull orange to lemon yellow, with hairy legs and fuzzy black feet.

Habitat
M. opercularis can be found on oak, elm, and wild plum, among others, as well as many garden plants such as roses and ivy. It is distributed throughout the eastern United States between extreme southeastern Virginia and Florida, the southern United States, Mexico, and parts of Central America.

Dangers and treatment of stings
The caterpillar is regarded as a dangerous insect because of its venomous spines. Exposure to the caterpillar's fur-like spines leads to an immediate skin irritation characterized by a "grid-like hemorrhagic papular eruption with severe radiating pain." Victims describe the pain as similar to a broken bone or blunt-force trauma. The reactions are sometimes localized to the affected area, but are often very severe, radiating up a limb and causing burning, swelling, nausea, headache, abdominal distress, rashes, blisters, and sometimes chest pain, numbness, or difficulty breathing.
Sweating from the welts or hives at the site of the sting is not unusual.

The venom from the spines is best treated within hours of first contact. For first aid, the spines (if present) should be removed by using cellophane tape. Some remedies, which are reported to have varying degrees of success, include ice packs, oral antihistamine, baking soda, hydrocortisone cream, juice from the stems of comfrey plants, and calamine lotion.


Encyclopedia of Jews in Music

The Encyclopedia of Jews in Music (Lexikon der Juden in der Musik) was a Nazi-sponsored encyclopedia first published in Germany in 1940, which listed individuals involved in the music industry who were defined under Nazi racial laws as 'Jewish' or 'half-Jewish'. It was edited by Herbert Gerigk and Theophil Stengel and published in Berlin in 1940 by Bernhard Hahnefeld, with official support from the Nazi Party's "Institute for Study of the Jewish Question". The book's subtitle declared that it was produced "on behalf of the national leadership of the Nazi Party for official reasons, partly officially certified documents".

The encyclopedia appeared in the context of Nazi policies which repressed Jewish individuals involved in music and forbade the performance of works by Jewish composers. A similar encyclopedia by Hans Brückner, entitled Musical ABC of Jews, had previously been published in 1935.

The encyclopedia's coverage was very broad, covering musicians, musicologists, librettists, conductors, music publishers and other people linked to music who were considered "Jewish" or "Half-Jewish", as well as listing forbidden "Jewish" works. It was kept up to date via informers and the staff of the "Sonderstab Musik" of the Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg. According to the Eva Weissweiler's 1999 book, the encyclopedia appeared in five editions - the first had 380 pages, the third (1941) 394 pages, (1943) and the final edition (12th to 14th thousand printed copies) had 404 pages of listings.

It was one of the proscribed books in the Soviet occupation zone.

Bibliography
 Eva Weissweiler: Ausgemerzt! Das Lexikon der Juden in der Musik und seine mörderischen Folgen. Dittrich, Köln 1999,  (Includes a facsimile of the complete original edition).
 Fred K. Prieberg: Handbuch Deutsche Musiker 1933–1945. CD-ROM-Lexikon, Kiel 2004.


Bloxwich United

Bloxwich United may refer to one of two English association football clubs:

Bloxwich United F.C., which existed between 2001 and 2002
Bloxwich United A.F.C., which adopted the name in 2008


G. Herbert Smith

George Herbert Smith was an American educator.  He was the 16th and longest serving president of Willamette University in Salem, Oregon, from 1942-1969.  Smith graduated from DePauw University in 1927 where he was a member of  Beta Theta Pi Fraternity. Smith served as General Secretary of Beta Theta Pi from 1935–1946 and President of that organization from 1946-1951.  Smith is also the original author of The Son of the Stars, the Beta Theta Pi pledge manual.

During Smith's tenure as president of Willamette University, he was instrumental in bringing international fraternities and sororities to that campus where only local organizations had previously existed.  In 1947, he assisted in the installation of Beta Theta Pi, Phi Delta Theta, and Sigma Chi at Willamette University, the first time the Miami Triad had ever been installed on the same campus at the same time.  This was also during Smith's second year as president of the General Fraternity of Beta Theta Pi.

The G. Herbert Smith Auditorium and Fine Arts Center on Willamette's campus is named after Smith.


Las Vegas Stars (IBL)

The Las Vegas Stars was a professional basketball team in the International Basketball League. The inaugural head coach was George Tarkanian, son of famed coach Jerry Tarkanian.  The CEO/General Manager, Alexis Levi-Scott, became the first African American female owner in professional basketball when she purchased the team.

Season By Season

2008 roster
'Final 2007-08 Roster'

Head Coach: Dan Savage

Assistant Coach: Mike Meister

The Las Vegas Stars completed this season in first place in the Southwest Division.

2007 roster
'Final 2006-07 Roster'

Head Coach: Dan Savage


Lifea Blinec

Lifea Blinec is an album by Muhal Richard Abrams which was released on the Arista Novus label in 1978 and features performances by Abrams, Joseph Jarman, Douglas Ewart, Amina Claudine Myers and Thurman Barker.

Reception
The Allmusic review states "Muhal Richard Abrams headed one of his finest small combos on this intense quintet session from 1978".

Track listing
All compositions by Muhal Richard Abrams
 "Bud P. (Dedicated To Bud Powell)" - 7:52
 "Lifea Blinec" - 10:02
 "Ja Do Thu (Dedicated To Jarman, Douglas & Thurman)" - 8:19
 "Duo 1" - 8:18
 "Duo 2" - 5:01
Recorded at Gravado Streeterville Recording Studio in Chicago, February, 1978

Personnel
Muhal Richard Abrams: piano, percussion, conductor
Joseph Jarman: bass saxophone, bassoon, alto clarinet, flute, soprano saxophone, percussion, vocals
Douglas Ewart: bass clarinet, soprano clarinet, bassoon, alto saxophone, tenor saxophone, percussion
Amina Claudine Myers: piano
Thurman Barker: drums, percussion


2015 San Antonio Scorpions season

The 2015 San Antonio Scorpions FC season was the club's fourth season of existence and its fourth and last season in the North American Soccer League, the second division of the American soccer pyramid. Including the San Antonio Thunder soccer franchise of the original NASL, this was the 6th season of professional soccer in San Antonio. The Scorpions entered the 2015 NASL season as the reigning league champions after defeating the Fort Lauderdale Strikers 2-1 in the 2014 Soccer Bowl.

The 2015 season was sponsored by San Antonio-based deeproot Funds through a partnership.

Roster

Transfers

Transfers in

Transfers out

Competitions

Pre-season
Kickoff times are in CDT (UTC-05) unless shown otherwise

deeproot Funds Cup

Hill Country Derby

International Friendlies

Friendlies
Kickoff times are in CDT (UTC-05) unless shown otherwise

NASL Spring Season

The spring season will last for 10 games beginning on April 4 and ending on June 13.  The schedule will feature a single round robin format with each team playing every other team in the league a single time.  All teams will play 5 home games and 5 away games. The winner of the spring season will automatically qualify for the 2015 NASL Playoffs (The Championship).

Standings

Results summary

Results by round

Matches
Kickoff times are in CDT (UTC-05) unless shown otherwise

Awards

NASL Fall Season

The fall season will last for 20 games beginning on July 4 and ending on October 21. The schedule will feature a double round robin format with each team playing every other team in the league two times. All teams will play 10 home games and 10 away games. The winner of the fall season will automatically qualify for the 2015 NASL Playoffs (The Championship).

Standings

Results summary

Results by round

Matches
Kickoff times are in CDT (UTC-05) unless shown otherwise

Awards

U.S. Open Cup


Sailing at the 2014 Asian Games – Women's RS:One

The women's RS:One competition at the 2014 Asian Games in Incheon, South Korea was held from 24 to 30 September 2014.

Schedule
All times are Korea Standard Time (UTC+09:00)

Results


Jabloňovce

Jabloňovce () is a village and municipality in the Levice District in the Nitra Region of Slovakia.

History
In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1245.

Geography
The village lies at an altitude of 291 metres and covers an area of 34.694 km². It has a population of about 208 people.

Ethnicity
The village is approximately 99% Slovak.

Facilities
The village has a public library and soccer pitch.

Genealogical resources

The records for genealogical research are available at the state archive "Statny Archiv in Nitra, Slovakia"