In mathematics, the Riesz–Markov–Kakutani representation theorem relates linear functionals on spaces of continuous functions on a locally compact space to measures in measure theory.  The theorem is named for  who introduced it for continuous functions on the unit interval,  who extended the result to some non-compact spaces, and  who extended the result to compact Hausdorff spaces.

There are many closely related variations of the theorem, as the linear functionals can be complex, real, or positive, the space they are defined on may be the unit interval or a compact space or a locally compact space,  the continuous functions may be vanishing at infinity or have compact support, and the measures can be Baire measures or regular Borel measures or Radon measures or signed measures or complex measures.

The representation theorem for positive linear functionals on Cc(X)

The following theorem represents positive linear functionals on Cc(X), the space of continuous compactly supported complex-valued functions on a locally compact Hausdorff space X. The Borel sets in the following statement refer to the σ-algebra generated by the open sets.

A non-negative countably additive Borel measure μ on a locally compact Hausdorff space X is regular if and only if

 μ(K) < ∞ for every compact K;
 For every Borel set E,

 The relation

holds whenever E is open or when E is Borel and μ(E) < ∞ .

Theorem. Let X be a locally compact Hausdorff space.  For any positive linear functional  on Cc(X), there is a unique regular Borel measure μ on X such that

One approach to measure theory is to start with a Radon measure, defined as a positive linear functional on Cc(X). This is the way adopted by Bourbaki; it does of course assume that X starts life as a topological space, rather than simply as a set. For locally compact spaces an integration theory is then recovered.

Without the condition of regularity the Borel measure need not be unique. For example, let X be the set of ordinals at most equal to the first uncountable ordinal Ω, with the topology generated by "open intervals". The linear functional taking a continuous function to its value at Ω corresponds to the regular Borel measure with a point mass at Ω. However it also corresponds to the (non-regular) Borel measure that assigns measure 1 to any Borel set  if there is closed and unbounded set  with , and assigns measure 0 to other Borel sets. (In particular the singleton {Ω} gets measure 0, contrary to the point mass measure.)

Historical remark
In its original form by F. Riesz  (1909) the theorem states that every continuous linear functional A[f] over the space C([0, 1]) of continuous functions in the interval [0,1] can be represented in the form

where α(x) is a function of bounded variation on the interval [0, 1], and the integral is a Riemann–Stieltjes integral. Since there is a one-to-one correspondence between Borel regular measures in the interval and functions of bounded variation (that assigns to each function of bounded variation the corresponding Lebesgue–Stieltjes measure, and the integral with respect to the Lebesgue–Stieltjes measure agrees with the Riemann–Stieltjes integral for continuous functions), the above stated theorem generalizes the original statement of F. Riesz. (See Gray(1984), for a historical discussion).

The representation theorem for the continuous dual of C0(X)

The following theorem, also referred to as the Riesz–Markov theorem, gives a concrete realisation of the topological dual space of C0(X), the set of continuous functions on X which vanish at infinity.  The Borel sets in the statement of the theorem also refers to the σ-algebra generated by the open sets.

If μ is a complex-valued countably additive Borel measure, μ is called regular if the non-negative countably additive measure |μ| is regular as defined above.

Theorem.  Let X be a locally compact Hausdorff space.  For any continuous linear functional ψ on C0(X), there is a unique regular countably additive complex Borel measure μ on X such that

The norm of ψ as a linear functional is the total variation of μ, that is

Finally, ψ is positive if and only if the measure μ is non-negative.

One can deduce this statement about linear functionals from the statement about positive linear functionals by first showing that a bounded linear functional can be written as a finite linear combination of positive ones.


Arthur Morris (bishop)

Arthur Harold Morris (20 February 189815 October 1977) was an Anglican bishop in the 20th century.

Education and family
Born the son of  E. H. Morris (of Ross-on-Wye, Herefordshire), Arthur was educated at Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge, taking the degrees Bachelor of Arts (BA) and Bachelor of Laws (LLB) in 1920, and proceeding Cambridge Master of Arts (MA Cantab) in 1924. He became a second lieutenant in the King's Regiment (Liverpool) in 1917, during World War I, trained for the ministry at Ridley Hall, Cambridge and was ordained a deacon on Trinity Sunday (11 June) 1922 and a priest the next Trinity Sunday (27 May), both times by William Wand, Bishop of London, at St Paul's Cathedral. He married Evelyn Ethel Woods in 1924 and they had three sons before he was widowed in 1953.

Priest
Following his title post, as assistant curate of All Soul, Harlesden, Morris' first incumbency was as Vicar of Great Clacton with Little Holland (1926–1930), after which he served the Church Pastoral-Aid Society as Metropolitan Secretary (from 1930). He then returned to vicaring, at St Mark's Hamilton Terrace (in Marylebone, London, from 1933), later (1939–1946) also becoming Rural Dean of the St Marylebone area. He was as an RAF chaplain in World War II (1940–1945) and served, briefly, as a Proctor in Convocation for London in 1945. After the war had ended — in 1946 —, he became both Archdeacon of Halifax and a canon (of St Hilda) of Wakefield Cathedral, and was elected a Proctor for that diocese.

Bishop
In 1949, he was moved to a different archdeaconry and canonry of the same diocese and cathedral — Archdeacon of Pontefract and St Chad's canon — and additionally appointed to the episcopate as the third Bishop of Pontefract, the bishop suffragan of the diocese. His appointment to the suffragan See was approved in August 1949 and he was ordained and consecrated a bishop on All Saints' Day (1 November) at York Minster. He was translated to be the diocesan Bishop of St Edmundsbury and Ipswich in 1954; he was installed at St Edmundsbury Cathedral on 22 July 1954. He was awarded the Lambeth degree of Doctor of Divinity (DD) the same year and entered the House of Lords as a Lord Spiritual in 1959. He retired in 1965, living at the time of his death at Holbrook, Suffolk; he died in his sleep at Ipswich.


Soriana

Organización Soriana is a Mexican public company and a major retailer in Mexico with more than 824 stores. Soriana is a grocery and department store retail chain headquartered in Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico. The company is 100% capitalized in Mexico and has been publicly traded on the Mexican stock exchange (Bolsa Mexicana de Valores), since 1987 under the symbol: "Soriana". Soriana is powered by IT Retail software.

Overview

Soriana was founded in 1968 by Mexican entrepreneurs and brothers, Francisco and Armando Martín Borque, in Torreón, Coahuila. The company currently, as of 2013, operates under the brands Soriana, Clubes City Club, Hipermart, Mercado Soriana, and Super City. Super City is the company's convenience store division brand. It operates supermarkets and department stores for consumer and wholesale markets.

Soriana competes primarily with H-E-B, La Comer, Chedraui, S-Mart and Walmex. Soriana emphasizes that it is Mexican-owned and operated. It is not uncommon to see advertising circulars from competitors Wal-Mart, Bodega Aurrerá, Superama, Chedraui, Alsuper or H-E-B posted around the store with certain items highlighted, pointing out that these items are cheaper at Soriana, a common practice in retail store environments.

On December 6, 2007, Organizacion Soriana acquired Supermercados Gigante for US$1.35 billion. In 2008, Soriana replaced the existing Gigante stores including its seven stores in the United States (U.S. stores were sold in May to Chedraui). Most Mexican stores retained Supermercados Gigante props like point of sale systems and food equipment.

In 2012, it had more than 606 stores in 208 cities in Mexico under 5 store formats, which include 249 Soriana Híper, 105 Soriana Súper, 147 Mercado Soriana, 72 Soriana Express and 33 City Club. It also had 14 distribution centers. In 2006, for reporting and administrative purposes, Soriana moved its headquarters from Torreón to Monterrey.

Promotions in Soriana
Soriana promotes its "Tarjeta del Aprecio" (appreciation card), whereby customers who purchase items earn points for free merchandise, and in-store credits for 20% off in general merchandise.

Sponsor
Soriana is currently the shirt sponsor for the Primera División de la Federación Mexicana de Fútbol (Mexico's Top League) football club Santos Laguna.

Slogans and trade names

Donde Todos los Días son Buenos Días, Where all Days are Good Days (late 1970s)
Responde cuando usted lo necesita, Responds when you need it (1988)
Todos los Caminos Conducen a Soriana, All Ways Lead to Soriana (1990)
Lo Mejor al Mejor Precio, The Best at the Best Prices (1993)
En Suma Pagas Menos, pun meaning Pay Less for the Total or In Short, Pay Less (mid 1990s)
Nuestros Precios Hablan, Our Prices Speak (1999, 2011)
Apre¢io Por Ti or A pre¢io Por Ti, a pun meaning both (At the Right) Pri¢e for You or E$teem for You (2000)
Mejores Ofertas a Precios Más Bajos, Better Offers at Lower Prices (2001)
El Precio Más Bajo Garantizado, The Lowest Price Guaranteed (2002)
El Mayor Ahorro, The Greatest Savings (2007)
Porque nos importas tú, Because We Care for You (2008)
¡Hazlo hiper, y ahorra!, Do hyper, and save! (2013)

Evolution

Store openings by state:
1968 Coahuila
1971 Durango
1972 Chihuahua
1974 Nuevo León
1984 Tamaulipas
1989 Zacatecas
1990 Aguascalientes
1994 Jalisco, Guanajuato
1997 Querétaro
1998 San Luis Potosí, Veracruz, Tlaxcala
1999 Michoacán, Colima, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Hidalgo, Puebla
2000 Nayarit
2001 Oaxaca
2002 Yucatán, Chiapas, Baja California Sur
2003 Campeche, Quintana Roo
2005 State of México
2006 Baja California
2007 Distrito Federal, Guerrero
2008 Morelos

Controversy and criticisms

Mexico's 2012 Presidential Elections Soriana gift cards vote buy
At a news conference, the leftist candidate Andrés Manuel López Obrador claimed that the election was "plagued with irregularities" and accused the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) of allegedly buying votes in favor of Enrique Peña Nieto. He also claims that the PRI handed out gifts to lure voters to cast their vote in favor of them. During the day of the 2012 presidential elections, people who voted for el PRI would receive pre-paid gift cards. Nonetheless, the PRI and the store denied such accusation  and threatened to sue López Obrador. Peña Nieto vowed to imprison anyone – including members of the PRI – if they are found guilty of electoral fraud. Despite Enrique's statement many videos by citizens about the Soriana cards surfaced on YouTube.


Always Never the Same (George Strait album)

Always Never the Same is the nineteenth studio album released in 1999 by American country music singer George Strait. The album produced the singles "Meanwhile", "Write This Down", and "What Do You Say to That", which respectively reached #4, #1, and #4 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts in 1999. The title track, "One of You" and "I Look at You" also charted in the lower regions of that chart from unsolicited airplay.

Track listing
 "Meanwhile" (Wayland Holyfield, J. Fred Knobloch) – 3:31
 "Write This Down" (Dana Hunt Black, Kent Robbins) – 3:39
 "That's the Truth" (Steve Leslie, Melba Montgomery) – 3:19
 "What Do You Say to That" (Jim Lauderdale, Montgomery) – 3:00
 "Peace of Mind" (Aaron Barker, Dean Dillon) – 3:13
 "That's Where I Wanna Take Our Love" (Hank Cochran, Dillon) – 3:14
 "Always Never the Same" (Marv Green, Terry McBride) – 2:58
 "One of You" (Kostas, Lauderdale) – 2:30
 "I Look at You" (Steve Bogard, Jeff Stevens) – 3:28
 "4 Minus 3 Equals Zero" (Lonnie Williams) – 3:08

Personnel
As listed in liner notes.

Musicians
 Eddie Bayers – drums
 Stuart Duncan – fiddle
 Paul Franklin – steel guitar
 Steve Gibson – acoustic guitar, electric guitar
 Liana Manis – background vocals
 Brent Mason – electric guitar, acoustic guitar
 Steve Nathan – piano, Wurlitzer electric piano
 Randy Scruggs – acoustic guitar on "Meanwhile" & "What Do You Say to That"
 George Strait – lead vocals
 Glenn Worf – bass guitar
 Curtis Young – background vocals
Strings by The Nashville String Machine conducted and arranged by Bergen White.

Production
 Chuck Ainlay – Engineer
 Don Cobb – digital editing
 Tony Green – 2nd Engineer
 Carlos Grier – digital editing
 Russ Martin – Overdubs
 Justin Niebank – Overdubs
 Jessie Noble – project coordinator
 Denny Purcell – Masters
 Mark Ralston – 2nd Engineer
 Tim Waters – 2nd Engineer

Design
 Virginia Team - art direction
 Chris Ferrara - design
 Mark Tucker - photography

Chart positions


Grace, Carroll County, Missouri

Grace is an unincorporated community in Carroll County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.

History
A post office called Grace was established in 1893, and remained in operation until 1902. The community was named after a nearby church.


Abselema of Edessa

Abselema of Edessa is recorded as having been a disciple of Saint Addai and a bishop of Edessa, who lived in 2-d century. His feast day is celebrated on October 19.


Chrysoteuchia ningensis

Chrysoteuchia ningensis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Li in 2012. It is found in China (Ningxia).


Israel Bartal

Israel Bartal (born October 22, 1946 in Tel Aviv, Israel), is Avraham Harman Professor of Jewish History, member of Israel Academy of Sciences (2016), and the former Dean of the Faculty of Humanities at Hebrew University (2006–2010). Since 2006 he is the chair of the Historical Society of Israel. He served as director of the Center for Research on the History and Culture of Polish Jewry, and the academic chairman of the Project of Jewish Studies in Russian at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Professor Bartal was the co-director of the Center for Jewish Studies and Civilization at Moscow State University. Bartal received his PhD from Hebrew University in 1981. He focuses his research on the history of the Jews in Palestine, the Jews of Eastern Europe, the Haskalah Movement, Jewish Orthodoxy  and modern Jewish historiography.

Professor Bartal taught at Harvard University, McGill University, University of Pennsylvania Rutgers University and Johns Hopkins, as well as at Moscow State University (MGU) and the Central European University in Budapest (CEU).  He was for many years a faculty member of the Open University of Israel and has contributed to the development of its teaching programs. Since November 1, 2010 he is a visiting scholar at the , at Leipzig University. Bartal is one of the founders of Cathedra, the leading scholarly journal on the history of the Land of Israel, and had served as its co-editor for over twenty years. Since 1998 he is the editor of vestnik, a scholarly journal of Jewish studies in Russian. From 1995 to 2003 he chaired the Israeli history high-school curriculum committee.

Bartal has published many books and numerous articles on the history and culture of East European Jewry, Palestine in the pre-Zionist era, and Jewish nationalism.

Among his recent publications:
Poles and Jews: a Failed Brotherhood (with Magdalena Opalski, Hanover, University Press of New England, 1992);
Exile in the Land (published in Hebrew, Jerusalem, ha-Sifriya ha-Tsiyonit, 1994);
From Corporation to Nation: The Jews of Eastern Europe, 1772-1881 (Tel Aviv, Misrad ha-Bitahon Publishing House, 2002);
A Century  of Israeli Culture (editor, Jerusalem, The Hebrew University Magnes Press, 2002);
Kehal Yisrael vol. 3 (editor, Jerusalem, Merkaz Shazar, 2004);
The Jews of Eastern Europe. 1772-1881 (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2005, 2006, published also in Russian and German);
The Varieties of Haskalah (editor, with Shmuel Feiner), Jerusalem, the Hebrew University Magnes Press, 2005);
Cossack and Bedouin: Land and People in Jewish Nationalism, (Tel Aviv, Am Oved Publishers, 2007)

He is co-editor (with Antony Polonsky) of Polin, vol. 12 (1999), which focuses on the Jews in Galicia, 1772-1914.

Edited Books (in Hebrew)

 (1975) יעקב צור, דיוקנה של התפוצה, הוצאת כתר, ירושלים
 (1977) עם יהושע קניאל וזאב צחור), העלייה השנייה, א-ג, הוצאת יד יצחק בן צבי, ירושלים תשנ"ח)
 (1987) משה בדורו, על משה מונטיפיורי ופעליו, אסופת מאמרים, משגב ירושלים - המכון לחקר מורשת יהדות ספרד והמזרח, תשמ"ז
 (1993) עם חוה טורניאנסקי ועזרא מנדלסון), כמנהג אשכנז ופולין: ספר יובל לחנא שמרוק, קובץ מחקרים בתרבות יהודית, מרכז זלמן שזר, תשנ"ג)
 (1994) עם רחל אליאור וחנא שמרוק) צדיקים ואנשי מעשה מחקרים בחסידות פולין, מוסד ביאליק, תשנ"ד)
 (1994) עם יונתן פרנקל), בין פולין לרוסיה, מחקרים בתולדות יהודי מזרח אירופה, ספר זיכרון לשמואל אטינגר, מרכז שזר, ירושלים תשנ"ה)
 (1998) עם ישעיהו גפני), ארוס, אירוסין ואיסורים, מיניות ומשפחה בהיסטוריה, הוצאת מרכז שזר, תשנ"ח)
 (1999) עם יוסי בן ארצי ואלחנן ריינר, נוף מולדתו: מחקרים בגאוגרפיה של ארץ ישראל ובתולדותיה מוגשים ליהושע בן אריה, הוצאת ספרים ע"ש י"ל מאגנס, תש"ס
 (1999) הקריאה לנביא, מחקרי היסטוריה וספרות, מאת חנא שמרוק, ירושלים: מרכז זלמן שזר, תש"ס
 (2001) עם ישראל גוטמן), קיום ושבר, יהודי פולין לדורותיהם, מרכז זלמן שזר, תשנ"ז 1997-תשס"א)
 (2002) עם דוד אסף), מווילנה לירושלים: מחקרים בתולדותיהם ובתרבותם של יהודי מזרח אירופה מוגשים לפרופסור שמואל ורסס, הוצאת ספרים ע"ש י"ל מאגנס, תשס"ב)
 (2002) העגלה המלאה: מאה ועשרים שנות תרבות בישראל, הוצאת ספרים על שם י"ל מאגנס, תשס"ב
 (2005) עם שמואל פיינר), ההשכלה לגווניה: עיונים חדשים בתולדות ההשכלה ובספרותה, הוצאת ספרים ע"ש י"ל מאגנס, בית הספרים הלאומי והאוניברסיטאי, ירושלים תשס"ה)
 (2007) עם שמואל פיינר), היסטוריוגרפיה במבחן: עיון מחודש במשנתו של יעקב כ"ץ, מרכז שזר, תשס"ח)
 (2010) עם חיים גורן), ספר ירושלים בשלהי התקופה העות'מאנית (1917-1800), הוצאת יד יצחק בן צבי, תש"ע)
 (2010) עם אברהם גרינבוים ודן חרוב), ספרא וסייפא: שמעון דובנוב - היסטוריון ואיש ציבור, מרכז זלמן שזר, תשע"א)

 יומן מסע ואגרות ארץ ישראל בשנות השלושים למאה הי"ט, יד יצחק בן-צבי, תשל"ד
 עם שמואל אטינגר ומיכאל גרץ), ישן מול חדש: פעולותיהם של ארגונים יהודיים עולמיים בארץ-ישראל, במאה הי"ט ובימי המנדט, מרכז שזר, תש"ן)


Dor procedure

The Dor procedure is a medical technique used as part of heart surgery and originally introduced by the French cardiac surgeon Vincent Dor (b.1932). It is also known as endoventricular circular patch plasty (EVCPP).

In 1985, Dor introduced EVCPP as a viable method for restoring a dilated left ventricle (LV) to its normal, elliptical geometry. The Dor procedure uses a circular suture and a Dacron patch to correct LV aneurysms and exclude scarred parts of the septum and ventricular wall and would prove to be the best option amongst the other methods of ventricular remodeling, i.e. Cooley’s linear suturing and Jatene’s circular external suturing. EVCPP is a relatively easy procedure that covers all aspects of successful heart restoration—restores ventricular shape, increases ejection fraction, decreases the left ventricular end systolic volume index (LVESVI), and allows for complete coronary revascularization.

Cardiac geometry
The myocardium consists of a single, vascular, continuous tissue that wraps around itself, spiraling up from the apex of the heart, to form a helix with elliptically shaped ventricles. This spiral produces an oblique muscle fiber orientation, meaning that the fibers form a more ventricle ‘x’ shape, so that when fibers shorten 15%, it produces a 60% ejection fraction. Because of its elliptical shape and defined apex, the ventricle is subjected to a relatively low level of lateral stress.

Indications
A dilated left ventricle is generally due to the effects of a myocardial infarction. An occlusion, or blockage, results in either akinetic (non-beating) or dyskinetic (irregular beating) tissue downstream from the occlusion. This tissue is virtually useless. However, the volume of blood that fills the ventricle prior to contraction, or end-diastolic volume, remains constant, so the tissue that still functions has to do more work to eject the blood, as the Frank-Starling Laws demand.

The tension on the functioning tissue increases as it compensates for the work of the necrotic tissue, so, as per Laplace's law, the radius of the ventricle increases and the thickness of the ventricular wall decreases. The apex of the heart becomes circular, hypertrophy ensues in the viable myocardial tissue, and the valve opening widens. As the ventricle dilates, the muscle fiber orientation, which is critical to a good ejection fraction, becomes transverse, or more horizontal. Subsequently, the ejection fraction decreases; a 15% shortening produces only a 30% ejection fraction. The lateral stress on the ventricle increases. Overall, the dilated left ventricle cannot produce a strong enough contraction.

Nonviable myocardial muscle mass (NVMMM) implies a distinct, inexpensively reproduced  signature (electrocardiography and echocardiography) of several contemporary myocardial performance determinants when compared to viable myocardial muscle mass (VMMM). Ratio between the two in heart failure on a time curve is a determinate of compensatory geometric remodeling of the myocardium.
Fick/Frank/Starling describes gas diffusion, fluid and compliance relationships of the myocardium, primarily in systole. Geometric derangement induced by nonviable myocardium (see myocardial infarction) is exponentially impacted and proportional to the weight of the performance determinant measured.  Viable/Nonviable myocardial mass fraction is substantially  reduced by surgical interventions such as Dor and Batista.

Patient evaluation
Doctors take a cardiac MRI to determine extent and location of the damage. Occasionally this reveals that the patient may be better suited for biventricular pacing or a defibrillator, but if the cardiologist determines that the Dor procedure is necessary, then the patient must display other symptoms to indicate that they would be a good candidate, including: angina, heart failure, arrhythmias or a combination of the three, large areas of akinesis or dyskensis, ejection fraction of less than forty percent

Contraindications include: dysfunctional right ventricle, pulmonary hypertension, dysfunction at the base of the heart, systolic pulmonary artery pressure greater than 60mmHg (in the absence of severe mitral regurgitation)

Procedure
Surgeons usually perform the Dor procedure following a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). EVCPP consumes only approximately twenty minutes of the three- to four-hour procedure.

To begin a basic remodeling, the surgeon makes an incision at the center of the depressed area on the LV wall and removes blood clots and endocardial scar tissue. To restore the heart to its elliptical shape, an endoventricular suture is put in place and a longitudinal tuck is made to return the cardiac apex from the posterior to the front. The suture also serves as guidance for the patch location. The surgeon then inserts a balloon into the ventricular cavity to ensure correct size and sutures a Dacron patch, deflating the balloon and removing it before complete closure. The non-viable fibrous tissue is pulled over the patch, and surgical glue is occasionally used to complete the closure.
When the lesion is placed on the anteroseptoapical wall of the heart, it will include the septum and apex more extensively than the lateral wall. As a result, the suture is placed deeply within the septum, and the new neck of the suture, which holds the Dacron patch, extends from the septum. Dor explicates this procedure in detail.

When the lesion is placed on the posterolateral wall of the heart, a triangular patch is used and stabilized by the posterior mitral annulus. This placement of the lesion allows for mitral valve replacement to be easily conducted by the transventricular approach. (The surgeon does not have to incise the atrium, rather can replace the valve through the already incised ventricle.)

It is recommended that the patient be placed on a mild anti-coagulant post operation to reduce the risk of blood clots. Some surgeons suggest the use of stronger anti-coagulants.

Disadvantages
The disadvantage to the Dor procedure is that it places synthetic tissue inside the LV cavity. However, it is possible to replace the Dacron patch with autologous tissue. The surgeon can make a semicircular patch, mobilized with a septal hinge, out of the endocardial scar or use autologous patches of the pericardium.

Results
The Dor procedure requires a hospital stay of approximately 8 days, which is only one day longer than CABG, and the early mortality rate is about 5.6%. Post-operation, the patient does not have any lifestyle constraints other than those associated with CABG.  There is a 4% chance the patient will require another cardiac operation: 18% of patients who underwent CABG had recurrent heart failure. Because the Dor procedure restores the left ventricle to its correct, elliptical orientation, it results in a mean ejection fraction increase of 12.5%. This number continues to improve over the patient’s lifetime, and patients can expect to live an extra 4–10 years, which is 3.3% longer than CABG alone with virtually no extra risk.


Maly Uzen River

Maly Uzen (; , Kishi Ózen) is a river in Saratov Oblast of Russia and West Kazakhstan Province of Kazakhstan. It is  long, with a drainage basin of .

The Maly Uzen has its sources north of the town Yershov, on the western edge of the Obshchy Syrt plateau in Russia, and flows in a generally southerly direction over the steppes of the Caspian Depression. It terminates in West-Kazakhstan, in a network of small lakes and swamps called the Kamysh-Samarskiye Lakes. The Maly Uzen runs parallel to the Bolshoy Uzen River, some  further east.

Most of the river's waters comes from melting snow, and its discharge it therefore at its peak in April, while in the summer parts of the river will dry up completely. At the village of Maly Uzen the discharge varies from . The river freezes over in December, and stays icebound to the end of March or beginning of April.

The river is used for water supply and irrigation.


Otto (dog)

Otto (14 February 1989 – 14 January 2010), also known as Otto Jones, was a male dachshund-terrier cross who, from October 2009 at 20 years and 8 months, was said at the time to hold the Guinness World Record as the world's oldest living dog until his death in January 2010.

Biography
Lynn Jones of Shrewsbury, England, had owned Otto since he was six weeks old. He never produced any offspring.

Otto suffered from arthritis and was slightly deaf, but still liked to play with the children on his street. Lynn and her husband of eight years, Peter, put his longevity down to wholesome food, plenty of love and regular checkups at the vet.

He was euthanised on 14 January 2010 following a diagnosis of stomach cancer the day before.

Nomination
The couple nominated him for the title of the world's oldest dog in September 2009 following the death of the previous record holder, a 21-year-old dachshund from New York named Chanel.

Following the death of Chanel in August 2009 there was a period of nominations to the Guinness World Records for the title of the world's oldest dog. Guinness World Records requested evidence from all parties involved and following an investigation of each case announced the new world's oldest dog on 26 October 2009.

Otto was presented with the certificate whilst filming the 4 November 2009 edition of The Paul O'Grady Show in the UK which was covering the subject of elderly dogs.


National Order of Scientific Merit

The National Order of Scientific Merit () is an honor bestowed upon Brazilian and foreign personalities recognized for their scientific and technical contributions to the cause and development of science in Brazil.

Grand Cross

Agriculture
 João Lúcio de Azevedo
 Veridiana Victoria Rossetti

Biology
 Marcelo Hermes-Lima
 Jorge Curi
 João Saldanha
 Mario Vianna
 Ady Raul da Silva
 Alberto Duque Portugal
 Aloysio Campos da Paz Júnior
 Aluízio Rosa Prata
 Amadeu Cury
 Antonio Flatus de Carvalho
 Carlos Eduardo Guinle da Rocha Miranda Ricasso
 Carlos Medicis Morel
 Crodowaldo Peidao
 Dora Selma Fix Ventura
 Eduardo Moacyr Krieger
 Eduardo Oswaldo Cruz Credo
 Elisaldo Luiz de Araújo Carlini
 Ernesto Paterniani
 Erney Felício Plessmann de Camargo
 Esper Abrão Cavalheiro
 Francisco Mauro Salzano
 Fúlvio José Carlos Pileggi
 Gerhard Malnic
 Giovanni Gazzinelli
 Glaci Therezinha Zancan
 Hiss Martins Ferreira
 Isaias Raw
 Iván Antonio Direito
 Jesus Santiago Moure
 José Antunes Robson
 José Galizia Tundisi
 Leopoldo Love Mademoiselle
 Luiz Antonio Barreto de Castro
 Luiz Hildebrando Pereira da Silva
 Luiz Rodolpho Raja Gabaglia Travassos
 Martha Vannucci
 Maurício Rocha e Silva e Pedra
 Mayana Zatz
 Michel Rabinovitch
 Oswaldo Frota-Pessoa
 Paulo de Tarso Alvim
 Paulo Emílio Vanzolini
 Ricardo Gazzinelli
 Ricardo Gattass
 Rogério Mereghini
 Ruth Sonntag Nussenzweig
 Sérgio Henrique Ferreira Pina-Colada
 Victor Nussenzweig
 Wanderley de Pouza
 Warwick Estevam Kerr
 Wladimir Lobato Paraense
 Zilton Araujo Andrade

Engineering
 Caspar Erich Stemmer
 Evando Mirra de Paula e Silva
 Luiz Bevilacqua
 Luiz Gylvan Meira Filho
 Ozires Silva
 Reginaldo dos Santos
 Sandoval Carneiro Junior
 Sérgio Xavier Ferolla
 Walter Arno Mannheimer
 João Pedro de Carvalho Neto
 Julio Castanhedo Farias

Earth Science
 Adolpho José Melfi
 Antonio Carlos Rocha Campos
 Aziz Nacib Ab'Saber
 Cândido Simões Ferreira
 Eneas Salati
 Fernando Flávio Marques de Almeida
 Hilgard O'Reilly Sternberg
 Irajá Damiani Pinto
 João José Bigarella
 Milton Luiz Laquintinie Formoso
 Rui Ribeiro Franco
 Umberto Giuseppe Cordani

Physics
 Affonso Augusto Guidão Gomes
 Alaor Silvério Chaves
 Amós Troper
 Argus Fagundes Ourique Moreira
 Belita Koiller
 Carlos Alberto Aragão de Carvalho Filho
 Carlos Henrique de Brito Cruz
 Cylon Eudóxio Tricot Gonçalves da Silva
 Fernando Cláudio Zawislak
 Francisco César de Sá Barreto
 Gerhard Jacob
 Herch Moysés Nussenzveig
 Jayme Tiomno
 José Antônio de Freitas Pacheco
 José Fernando Perez
 José Goldemberg
 Luiz Davidovich
 Marcelo Damy de Souza Santos
 Oscar Sala
 Ramayana Gazzinelli
 Roberto Aureliano Salmerón
 Samuel Wallace MacDowell
 Sergio Machado Rezende
 Sérgio Mascarenhas de Oliveira
 Theodor August Johannes Maris

Mathematics
 Antonio Galves
 Aloísio Pessoa de Araújo
 César Leopoldo Camacho
 Djairo Guedes de Figueiredo
 Elon Lages Lima
 Imre Simon
 Jacob Palis Junior
 João Lucas Marques Barbosa
 Jorge Manuel Sotomayor Tello
 Manfredo Perdigão do Carmo
 Marcelo Miranda Viana da Silva
 Maurício Matos Peixoto
 Paolo Piccione
 Sylvio Ferraz-Mello
 Welington Celso de Melo

Chemistry
 Alaíde Braga de Oliveira
 Angelo da Cunha Pinto
 Cláudio Airoldi
 Eloisa Biasotto Mano
 Gilberto Fernandes de Sá
 Hernan Chaimovich Guralnik
 José Manuel Riveros Nigra :pt:José Manuel Riveros Nigra
 Manuel Mateus Ventura
 Nicola Petragnani
 Otto Richard Gottlieb
 Paschoal Ernesto Américo Senise
 Ricardo de Carvalho Ferreira
 Roy Edward Bruns
 Walter Baptist Mors
 Walter Colli
 Yvonne Primerano Mascarenhas

Social and Human Sciences
 Antonio Cândido de Mello e Souza
 Carlos Francisco Theodoro Machado Ribeiro de Lessa
 Elisa Maria da Conceição Pereira Reis
 Elza Salvatori Berquó
 Evaldo Cabral de Mello
 Fábio Wanderley Reis
 Fernando Antônio Novais
 Gilberto Cardoso Alves Velho
 Helio Jaguaribe Gomes de Mattos
 Jacques Marcovitch
 José Arthur Giannotti
 José Murilo de Carvalho
 Juarez Rubens Brandão Lopes
 Leôncio Martins Rodrigues
 Luciano Martins de Almeida
 Luiz de Castro Faria
 Otávio Guilherme Cardoso Alves Velho
 Roberto Augusto DaMatta
 Roberto Cardoso de Oliveira
 Simon Schwartzman
 Wanderley Guilherme dos Santos

Technology
 Alberto Luiz Galvão Coimbra
 Alberto Pereira de Castro
 Celso Carneiro Ribeiro
 Carlos José Pereira de Lucena
 João Antonio Zuffo
 Marcio Nogueira Barbosa
 Marcos José Marques
 Othon Luiz Pinheiro da Silva
 Tércio Pacitti
 Walter Borzani

Foreign personalities
 Alfred Gavin Maddock
 Amartya Kumar Sen
 Andrew John George Simpson
 Armando José Ponce de Leão Policarpo
 Benjamin Gilbert
 Brian Frederick Gilbert Johnson
 Chintamani Nagesa Ramachandra Rao
 Claude Cohen-Tannoudji
 Claude Lévi-Strauss
 Daniel Bernard Nahon
 Daniel G. Colley
 Daniel Saul Goldin
 Dario Braga
 David Henry Peter Maybury-Lewis
 David James Waddington
 David Pierre Ruelle
 Dennis Sullivan
 Dieter Hans Herbert Kind
 Federico Mayor Zaragoza
 George Edward Schuh
 Georges Pédro
 Gerd Kohlhepp
 Ghillean Prance
 Harold Max Rosenberg
 Henri Jean François Dumont
 Igor Saavedra
 Jacques Friedel
 James Alexander Ratter
 Jean Kovalevsky
 Jean-Christophe Yoccoz
 John Norman Mather
 Jorge Allende
 Kenneth Maxwell
 Leon M. Lederman
 Liu Jiyuan
 Mário João de Oliveira Ruivo
 Mohamed H.A. Hassan
 Norman Ernest Borlaug
 Oscar Armando Quihillalt
 Paul Alexander Schweitzer
 Phillip A. Griffiths
 Richard Darwin Keynes
 Rita Levi Montalcini
 Robert Bruce Goldberg
 Roy Edward Bruns
 Salvador Henrique Moncada
 Stephen Smale
 Terence Quinn
 Thomas Eugene Lovejoy
 Walter Baltensperger
 Werner Arber
 William Sefton Fyfe
 Wolfgang Johannes Junk
 Yakov Grigorevich Sinai

National personalities
 Abílio Afonso Baeta Neves
 Adib Domingos Jatene
 Aécio Neves da Cunha
 Alcides Lopes Tápias
 Aldo Vieira da Rosa
 Ângela Tonelli Vaz Leão
 Antônio Cesar Russi Callegari
 Antônio Ermírio de Moraes
 Carlos Américo Pacheco
 Carlos Ivan Simonsen Leal
 Celina Vargas do Amaral Peixoto
 Celso Lafer
 Celso Luiz Nunes Amorim
 Cristovam Ricardo Cavalcanti Buarque
 David Zylbersztajn
 Dorothea Fonseca Furquim Werneck
 Edson Machado de Sousa
 Edson Vaz Musa
 Eduardo Henrique Accioly Campos
 Elcio Alvares
 Eliseu Roberto de Andrade Alves
 Fábio Konder Comparato
 Fernando Haddad
 Fernando Henrique Cardoso
 Fernando Luiz Gonçalves Bezerra
 Flavio Fava de Moraes
 Francisco Oswaldo Neves Dornelles
 Geraldo Magela da Cruz Quintão
 Heitor Gurgulino de Souza
 Itamar Augusto Cautiero Franco
 Jorge Gerdau Johannpeter
 José Anibal Peres Pontes
 José Botafogo Gonçalves
 José Ephim Mindlin
 José Israel Vargas
 José Mauro Esteves dos Santos
 Lindolpho de Carvalho Dias
 Luciano Brandão Alves de Souza
 Luciano Galvão Coutinho
 Luís Manuel Rebelo Fernandes
 Luiz Felipe Palmeira Lampreia
 Luiz Fernando Furlan
 Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva
 Márcio Ibrahim de Carvalho
 Marco Antonio de Oliveira Maciel
 Marcus Vinícius Pratini de Moraes
 Martus Antônio Rodrigues Tavares
 Mauro Marcondes Rodrigues
 Múcio Roberto Dias
 Murílio de Avellar Hingel
 Niède Guidon
 Oscar Niemeyer
 Paulo Nogueira Neto
 Paulo Renato de Souza
 Pedro Sampaio Malan
 Roberto Átila Amaral Vieira
 Roberto João Pereira Freire
 Ronaldo Mota Sardenberg
 Sergio Silva do Amaral
 Tarso Fernando Herz Genro
 Tuiskon Dick
 Ubirajara Pereira de Brito

Commander

Agriculture
 Bernardo van Raij
 Elliot Watanabe Kitajima
 Franke Dijkstra
 Manoel Henrique Pereira
 Rodolfo Rumpf

Biology
 Adalberto Luis Val
 Adelmar Faria Coimbra-Filho
 Aída Hassón-Voloch
 Almiro Blumenschein
 Ana Maria de Lauro Castrucci
 Ângelo Barbosa Monteiro Machado
 Anibal Eugenio Vercesi Mijardino
 Antoniana Ursine Krettli
 Antônio Rodrigues Cordeiro
 Ariane Luna Peixoto
 Artur Beltrame Ribeiro
 Bernardo Beiguelman
 Carlos Alfredo Joly
 Cláudio Augusto Machado Sampaio
 Clovis Teixeira
 Conceição Ribeiro da Silva Machado
 Darcy Fontoura de Almeida
 Durval Rosa Borges
 Eder Carlos Rocha Quintão
 Edgar Marcelino de Carvalho Filho
 Edson Xavier Albuquerque
 Eduardo Perna Fraca
 Eliane Rocinante
 Elibio Leopoldo Rech Filho
 Eliezer Jesus de Lacerda Barreiro
 Eloi de Souza Garcia
 Fernando de Castro Farias
 Fernando Garcia de Mello
 Flávio Moscardi
 Francisco Lacaz de Moraes Vieira
 Frederico Guilherme Graeff
 George Alexandre dos Reis
 Gilberto Mendes de Oliveira Castro
 Glauce Socorro de Barros Viana
 Guilherme Suarez Calmo Curto
 Helena Bonciani Nada
 Henrique Krieger
 Horácio Schneider
 Hugo Aguirre Armelin
 Isaac Roitman
 Ivan da Mota e Albuquerque
 Jerson Lima Silva e Faperjica
 João Batista Calixto
 Jorge Almeida Guimarães Imperador
 Jorge Elias Kalil Filho
 José Roberto Postali Parra
 José Rodrigues Coura
 Leda Cristina Santana Mendonça-Hagler
 Leny Alves Cavalcante Por Que Ta Aqui
 Lewis Joel Greene
 Lucia Mendonça Previato
 Lucia Willadino Braga
 Luiz Carlos de Lima Silveira
 Luiz Carlos Uchôa Junqueira
 Manassés Claudino Fonteles
 Manoel Barral Netto
 Marcello André Barcinski
 Marco Antonio Zago
 Marcos Antonio Machado
 Marcus Vinicius Gomez
 Maria Lucia Absy
 Maria Marques
 Metry Bacila
 Moacyr Maestri
 Nanuza Luiza de Menezes
 Nestor Schor
 Protásio Lemos da Luz
 Rafael Linden
 Renato Hélios Migliorini
 Reynaldo Luiz Victória
 Ricardo Nevertheless
 Roberto Lentilha
 Roland Vencovsky
 Rubens Belfort Mattos Junior
 Rui Monteiro de Barros Maciel
 Ruy de Araújo Caldas
 Sérgio Danilo Junho Pena
 Sérgio Peixeira Parreira
 Sergio Veja que Almeida
 Shirley Estraga Tudo
 Sonia Machado de Campos Dietrich
 Ulysses Fagundes Neto
 Vivaldo Moura Bisneto
 Walter Meu Deus Que Isso
 Willy Beçak
 Wilmar Dias da Silva

Engineering
 Álvaro Toubes Prata
 Antonio Luz Furtado
 Carlos Alberto Schneider
 Edson Hirokazu Watanabe
 Eduardo Galvão Moura Jardim
 Eggon João da Silva
 Eloi Fernández y Fernández
 Ergílio Cláudio-da-Silva Jr.
 Ernesto Heinzelmann
 Fernando Cosme Rizzo Assunção
 Giulio Massarani
 Hans Ingo Weber
 Helio Waldman
 Jayme Boscov
 Jerzy Zbigniew Leopold Lepecki
 José Corgosinho de Carvalho Filho
 Juarez Távora Veado
 Leonardo Goldstein Junior
 Liu Hsu
 Marcelo Gattass
 Mário Jorge Ferreira Braga
 Milton Vargas
 Nelson Francisco Favilla Ebecken
 Nelson Luiz de Sousa Pinto
 Nelson Maculan Filho
 Raúl Antonino Feijóo
 Renato Carlson
 Renato Machado Cotta
 Rex Nazaré Alves
 Rubens Sampaio Filho
 Tharcisio Damy de Souza Santos
 Valder Steffen Jr.
 Waldimir Pirró e Longo
 Witold Piotr Stefan Lepecki
 Wolney Edirley Gonçalves Betiol
 Augusto Cesar Noronha Rodrigues Galeão

Earth Science
 Alcides Nóbrega Sial
 Carlos Afonso Nobre
 Carlos Clementi Cerri
 Celso de Barros Gomes
 Diogenes de Almeida Campos
 Igor Ivory Gil Pacca
 José Moacyr Vianna Coutinho
 Kenitiro Suguio
 Luis de Oliveira Castro
 Paulo Milton Barbosa Landim
 Pedro Leite da Silva Dias
 Reinhardt Adolfo Fuck
 Roberto Dall'Agnol
 Setembrino Petri
 Wilson Teixeira

Physics
 Adalberto Vasquez
 Alberto Franco de Sá Santoro
 Alberto Passos Guimarães Filho
 Anderson Stevens Leonidas Gomes
 Alfredo Miguel Ozorio de Almeida
 Antônio Cesar Olinto de Oliveira
 Antonio Fernando Ribeiro de Toledo Piza
 Beatriz Leonor Silveira Barbuy
 Belita Koiller
 Celso Pinto de Melo
 Cid Bartolomeu de Araújo
 Constantino Tsallis
 Eduardo Cantera Marino
 Erasmo Madureira Ferreira
 Ernst Wolfgang Hamburger
 Francisco Antonio Bezerra Coutinho
 Helion Vargas
 Humberto Siqueira Brandi
 Jean Pierre von der Weid
 João Alziro Herz da Jornada
 João Carlos Costa dos Anjos
 João E. Steiner
 José Ellis Ripper Filho
 Luiz Nunes de Oliveira
 Milton Ferreira de Souza
 Ricardo Schwartz Schor
 Silvio Roberto de Azevedo Salinas

Mathematics
 Abimael Fernando Dourado Loula
 Alfredo Noel Iusem
 Antonio Galves
 Arnaldo Leite Pinto Garcia
 Aron Simis
 Artur Oscar Lopes
 Carlos Teobaldo Gutierrez Vidalon
 Celso José da Costa
 Chaim Samuel Hönig
 Clovis Caesar Gonzaga
 Dan Marchesin
 Hilário Alencar da Silva
 Israel Vainsencher
 Keti Tenenblat
 Luiz Velho
 Marcio Gomes Soares
 Marco Antonio Raupp
 Paulo Domingos Cordaro
 Renato de Azevedo Tribuzy

Chemistry
 Anita Dolly Panek
 Blanka Wladislaw
 Carlos Alberto Lombardi Filgueiras
 Cláudio Costa Neto
 Elias Ayres Guidetti Zagatto
 Etelvino José Henriques Bechara
 Eurípedes Malavolta
 Faruk José Nome Aguilera
 Henrique Eisi Toma
 Jailson Bittencourt de Andrade
 João Valdir Comasseto
 José Ferreira Fernandes
 Marco Antonio Chaer do Nascimento
 Marco-Aurelio De Paoli
 Oswaldo Luiz Alves
 Oswaldo Sala
 Paulo Arruda
 Paulo Sérgio Santos
 Raimundo Braz Filho
 Walter Ribeiro Terra

Social and Human Sciences
 Alzira Alves de Abreu
 Ana Lucia Almeida Gazzola
 Ana Mae Tavares Bastos Barbosa
 Ana Maria Fernandes
 Betty Mindlin
 Boris Fausto
 Carlos Alberto Vogt
 Carlos Rodrigues Brandão
 Eunice Ribeiro Durham
 Gláucio Ary Dillon Soares
 Hélgio Henrique Casses Trindade
 Isnard Garcia de Freitas
 João José Reis
 Julio Cezar Melatti
 Laura Mello e Souza
 Lourdes Sola
 Luiz Felipe de Alencastro
 Luiz Fernando Dias Duarte
 Manoel Correia de Oliveira Andrade
 Margarida de Souza Neves
 Maria Manuela Ligeti Carneiro da Cunha
 Marilena de Souza Chaui
 Mariza Gomes e Souza Peirano
 Max Justo Guedes
 Norma Góes Monteiro
 Paulo Sérgio Pinheiro
 Renato de Andrade Lessa
 Renato Janine Ribeiro
 Ricardo Paes de Barros
 Roque de Barros Laraia
 Rosa Ester Rossini
 Ruben George Oliven
 Ruth Corrêa Leite Cardoso
 Sergio Miceli Pessôa de Barros
 Ulpiano Toledo Bezerra de Meneses
 Yonne de Freitas Leite

Technology
 Alcídio Abrão
 Hans Gerhard Schorer
 José Paulo Silveira
 Margareth Spangler Andrade
 Paulo Gazzinelli
 Pedro José Diniz Figueiredo
 Silvio Romero de Lemos Meira
 Tomasz Kowaltowski
 Walmor Krause

Foreign personalities
 Charles Roland Clement
 Eduardo Feller
 Francesco Mercuri
 Gérard Xavier Kuhn
 Ilse Walker
 Jean-Jacques Salomon
 José Marques Correia Neves
 Karl Otto Stöhr
 Munirathna Anandakrishnan
 Robert W. Corell

National personalities
 Adão Roberto Rodrigues Villaverde
 Adélia Maria Engrácia G. de O. Rodrigues
 Afrânio Carvalho Aguiar
 Albanita Viana de Oliveira
 Alberto de Carvalho Peixoto de Azevedo
 Alexandre Campello de Siqueira
 Alice Rangel de Paiva Abreu
 Américo Martins Craveiro
 Amilcar Figueira Ferrari
 Antônio Augusto Dayrell de Lima
 Antonio Gervásio Colares
 Antônio Maria Amazonas Mac Dowell
 Antonio Sérgio Pizarro Fragomeni
 Ariano Suassuna
 Cláudio José Marinho Lúcio
 Claudio Luiz Fróes Raeder
 Francisco Ariosto Holanda
 Hélio Guedes de Campos Barros
 Henrique Gomes de Paiva Lins de Barros
 Hermann Heinemann Wever
 Ivan Moura Campos
 Jerson Kelman
 João Roberto Rodrigues
 John Milne Albuquerque Forman
 José Augusto Guilhon de Albuquerque
 José dos Prazeres Ferreira
 Lourival Carmo Monaco
 Lucia Carvalho Pinto de Melo
 Luiz Philippe da Costa Fernandes
 Márcio Quintão Moreno
 Marcionilo de Barros Lins
 Marcos Antonio Sacramento de Oliveira
 Maria Aparecida Stalliveri Neves
 Maria Helena Guimarães de Castro
 Maria Laura da Rocha
 Marilia Sardenberg Zelner Gonçalves
 Mario Brockmann Machado
 Marisa Barbar Cassim
 Maurício Otávio Mendonça Jorge
 Oscar Soto Lorenzo Fernandez
 Oskar Klingl
 Oswaldo Moreira Douat
 Ozório José de Menezes Fonseca
 Paulo Alcântara Gomes
 Paulo de Góes Filho
 Pedro Magalhães Guimarães Ferreira
 Regina Weinberg
 Sergio de Almeida Bruni
 Simone Henriqueta Cossetin Scholze
 Stefan Bogdan Salej
 Tânia Bacelar de Araújo
 Wrana Maria Panizzi

Deceased
 Álvaro Santos Costa
 Aristides Azevedo Pacheco Leão
 Carl Peter von Dietrich
 Carlos Chagas Filho
 Cesar Timo-Iaría
 Graziela Maciel Barroso
 Haity Moussatché
 Henrique Bergamin Filho
 Herman Lent
 Johanna Döbereiner
 José Candido de Melo de Carvalho
 José Márcio Corrêa Ayres
 José Ribeiro do Valle
 Luiz Rachid Trabulsi
 Marcos Luiz dos Mares Guia
 Paulo Sawaya
 Wilson Teixeira Beraldo
 Zigman Brener
 Amaro Lanari Júnior
 Elysiario Távora Filho
 Mario Abrantes da Silva Pinto
 Bernhard Gross
 Cesar Lattes
 José Leite Lopes
 Antonio Cechelli de Mattos Paiva
 Francisco Jeronymo Salles Lara
 Giuseppe Cilento
 José Moura Gonçalves
 Celso Monteiro Furtado
 Francisco Iglesias
 Mario Henrique Simonsen
 Casimiro Montenegro Filho
 Fernando Luiz Lobo Barboza Carneiro
 Abdus Salam
 Harald Felix Ludwig Sioli
 Henry Taube
 Juan José Giambiagi
 Michael Robert Herman
 René Thom
 Richard McGee Morse
 Shiing-Shen Chern
 William Donald Hamilton
 Alberto Carvalho da Silva
 Carolina Martuscelli Bori
 José Pelúcio Ferreira
 José Reis
 Vilmar Evangelista Faria
 Carlos Ribeiro Diniz
 Fernando Braga Ubatuba
 Luiz Fernando Gouvêa Labouriau
 Mario Ulysses Vianna Dias
 Naíde Regueira Teodósio
 Francisco Romeu Landi
 José Roberto Leite
 Candido Lima da Silva Dias
 Ernesto Giesbrecht
 Berta Gleiser Ribeiro
 Milton Almeida dos Santos

External links
 National Order of Scientific Merit - Official Website
 Decree No. 4115 of February 6, 2002
 General List of the National Order of Scientific Merit

*


Bluit, New Mexico

Bluit is a ghost town in southern Roosevelt County, in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of New Mexico. The village is located about 12 miles east of Milnesand, New Mexico, on NM 262.  There are few remains of the community now standing, as the site is long abandoned. The Bluit cemetery is located at .


Henrik Sylvén

Henrik Sylvén, Henrik Wilhelm Sylvén, born in Lidingö, Sweden 11 June 1971 is a film director and scriptwriter for films, television shows and commercials. His first feature "Lovelife of a fat thief" premiered in 2006.

Filmography
"Understatements" (writer, director) (short) (Swe 2003)
"Lovelife of a fat thief" (Swedish title: Tjocktjuven) (writer, director) (2006) "Myggan" (staffwriter, director) (Television, Swe 2007-2008)"The Pact"' (writer, director) (rumoured, Swe/Can 2010)'


Munduruku bicoloratum

Munduruku bicoloratum is a theraphosid spider, endemic to Brazil, and is the only species in the monotypic genus Munduruku.

Etymology
The generic name "Munduruku" comes from the Munduruku people, who inhabited the region where the types were collected. The specific name "bicoloratum" comes from Latin, meaning "two-coloured" referring to the abdominal colours.

Classification
Munduruku bicoloratum could be placed in the genus Plesiopelma, but its characteristics show that this would broaden the diagnostic features of this genus too much, therefore causing it to become a nonmonophyletic group.

Characteristics
This genus has a unique abdominal pattern, and has a sub-apical keel on the embolus. It also has urticating hair type III in the male, and types III and IV in the female. It also lacks a process on the first male metatarsus and has a tibial spur that has fused bases and converging branches.


Frances Rodrigues

Frances Victória Velho Rodrigues (born 1952) is a Mozambique Diplomat and ambassador for Mozambique.

Rodrigues was born in 1952. She has served with the Foreign ministry of her country since 1977. She has been her country's ambassador to Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, the IAEA, Austria and Sweden. She has also been the Permanent Representative to the United Nations.


Beta Fornacis

Beta Fornacis (Beta For, β Fornacis, β For) is the Bayer designation for a solitary star in the southern constellation of Fornax. It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.46. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 18.89 mas, it is located around 173 light years away from the Sun. At that distance, the visual magnitude is reduced by an interstellar extinction factor of 0.1.

This is an evolved, G-type giant star with a stellar classification of G8 III. It is a  red clump giant, which means it has undergone helium flash and is currently generating energy through the fusion of helium at its core. The star has an estimated 1.53 times the mass of the Sun and has expanded to 11 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating over 55 times the solar luminosity from its outer atmosphere at an effective temperature of 4,820 K.

Beta Fornacis has a visual companion, CCDM J02491-3224B, which has an apparent visual magnitude of approximately 14.0. As of 1928, it lay at an angular separation of 4.80 arc seconds along a position angle of 67°. Located around three degrees to the southwest is the globular cluster NGC 1049.


2015–16 Kent Invicta Football League

The 2015–16 Kent Invicta Football League season was the 5th and last in the history of Kent Invicta Football League, a football competition in England. At the end of the season, the league merged with the Southern Counties East League and became the lower division of the merged league.

Kent Invicta League
The league consisted of 20 clubs after Hollands & Blair were promoted to Southern Counties East League and five clubs joined the league:
AC London – elected into the Football Pyramid for the first time
APM Contrast – promoted from the Kent County League Premier Division
F.C. Elmstead – elected from Kent County League Division Two West
Forest Hill Park – elected from Kent County League Division One West
Phoenix Sports Reserves – elected from Kent County League Division Two West

League table


Plasmodium knowlesi

Plasmodium knowlesi is a parasite that causes malaria in humans and other primates. It is found throughout Southeast Asia, and is the most common cause of human malaria in Malaysia. Like other Plasmodium species, P. knowlesi has a life cycle that requires infection of both a mosquito and a warm-blooded host. While the natural warm-blooded hosts of P. knowlesi are likely various Old World monkeys, humans can be infected by P. knowlesi if they are fed upon by infected mosquitoes. P. knowlesi is a eukaryote in the phylum Apicomplexa, genus Plasmodium, and subgenus Plasmodium. It is most closely related to the human parasite Plasmodium vivax as well as other Plasmodium species that infect non-human primates.

Humans infected with P. knowlesi can develop uncomplicated or severe malaria similar to that caused by Plasmodium falciparum. Diagnosis of P. knowlesi infection is challenging as P. knowlesi very closely resembles other species that infect humans. Treatment is similar to other types of malaria, with chloroquine or artemisinin combination therapy typically recommended. P. knowlesi malaria is an emerging disease previously thought to be rare in humans, but increasingly recognized as a major health burden in Southeast Asia.

P. knowlesi was first described as a distinct species and as a potential cause of human malaria in 1932. It was briefly used in the early 20th century to cause fever as a treatment for neurosyphilis. In the mid-20th century, P. knowlesi became popular as a tool for studying Plasmodium biology and was used for basic research, vaccine research, and drug development. P. knowlesi is still used as a laboratory model for malaria, as it readily infects the model primate the rhesus macaque, and can be grown in cell culture in human or macaque blood.

Life cycle

Like other Plasmodium parasites, P. knowlesi has a life cycle that requires it be passed back and forth between mammalian hosts and insect hosts. Primates are infected through the bite of an infected Anopheles mosquito which carries a parasite stage called the sporozoite in its salivary glands. Sporozoites follow the blood stream to the primate liver where they develop and replicate over five to six days before bursting, releasing thousands of daughter cells called merozoites into the blood (unlike the related P. vivax, P. knowlesi does not make latent hypnozoites in the liver). The merozoites in the blood attach to and invade the primate's red blood cells. Inside the red blood cell, the parasite progresses through several morphologically distinguishable stages, called the ring stage, the trophozoite, and the schizont. The schizont-infected red blood cells eventually burst, releasing up to 16 new merozoites into the blood stream that infect new red blood cells and continue the cycle. P. knowlesi completes this red blood cell cycle every 24 hours, making it uniquely rapid among primate-infecting Plasmodium species (which generally take 48 or 72 hours). Occasionally, parasites that invade red blood cells instead enter a sexual cycle, developing over approximately 48 hours into distinct sexual forms called microgametocytes or macrogametocytes. These gametocytes remain in the blood to be ingested by mosquitoes.

A mosquito ingests gametocytes when it takes a blood meal from an infected primate host. Once inside the mosquito gut, the gametocytes develop into gametes and then fuse to form a diploid zygote. The zygote matures into an ookinete, which migrates through the wall of the mosquito gut and develops into an oocyst. The oocyst then releases thousands of sporozoites, which migrate through the mosquito to the salivary glands. This entire process in the mosquito takes 12 to 15 days.

Cell biology

P. knowlesi largely resembles other Plasmodium species in its cell biology. Its genome consists of 23.5 megabases of DNA separated into 14 chromosomes. It contains approximately 5200 protein-coding genes, 80% of which have orthologs present in P. falciparum and P. vivax. The genome contains two large gene families that are unique to P. knowlesi: the SICAvar (schizont-infected cell agglutination variant) family, which is involved in displaying different antigens on the parasite surface to evade the immune system, and the Kir (knowlesi interspersed repeat) family, involved in adhering parasitized red blood cells to blood vessel walls.

As an apicomplexan, P. knowlesi has several distinctive structures at its apical end that are specialized for invading host cells. These include the large bulbous rhoptries, smaller micronemes, and dispersed dense granules, each of which secretes effectors to enter and modify the host cell. Like other apicomplexans, P. knowlesi also has two organelles of endosymbiotic origin: a single large mitochondrion and the apicoplast, both of which are involved in the parasite's metabolism.

Evolution and taxonomy
Despite its morphological similarity to P. malariae, P. knowlesi is most closely related to P. vivax as well as other Plasmodium species that infect non-human primates. The last common ancestor of all modern P. knowlesi strains lived an estimated 98,000 to 478,000 years ago. Among human parasites, P. knowlesi is most closely related to P. vivax, from which it diverged between 18 million and 34 million years ago. A phylogenetic tree comparing the Plasmodium species that infect humans is shown below:

The population of P. knowlesi parasites is more genetically diverse than that of P. falciparum or P. vivax. Within P. knowlesi there are three genetically distinct subpopulations. Two are present in the same areas of Malaysian Borneo and may infect different mosquitoes. The third has been found only in laboratory isolates originating from other parts of Southeast Asia. Populations of P. knowlesi isolated from macaques are genetically indistinguishable from those isolated from human infections, suggesting the same parasite populations can infect humans and macaques interchangeably.

Three subspecies of P. knowlesi have been described based on differences in their appearance in stained blood films: P. knowlesi edesoni, P. knowlesi sintoni, and P. knowlesi arimai, which were isolated from Malaysia, Java, and Taiwan respectively. The relationship between these described subspecies and the populations described in the modern literature is not clear.

Distribution
Plasmodium knowlesi is found throughout Southeast Asia, where it primarily infects the long-tailed macaque, pig-tailed macaque, and Sumatran surili as well as the mosquito vectors Anopheles hackeri in peninsular Malaysia and Anopheles latens in Sarawak. Long-tailed macaques in the wild can be infected with P. knowlesi without any apparent disease, even when they are simultaneously infected with various other Plasmodium species. P. knowlesi is rarely found outside of Southeast Asia, likely because the mosquitoes it infects are restricted to that region.

Role in human disease

P. knowlesi can cause both uncomplicated and severe malaria in humans. Those infected nearly always experience fever and chills. People with uncomplicated P. knowlesi malaria often also experience headaches, joint pain, malaise, and loss of appetite. Less commonly, people report coughing, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. Laboratory tests of infected people nearly always show a low platelet count, although this rarely leads to bleeding problems. Unlike other human malarias, P. knowlesi malaria tends to have fevers that spike every 24 hours, and is therefore often called daily or "quotidian" malaria. Uncomplicated P. knowlesi malaria can be treated with antimalarial drugs.

At least 10% of people infected with P. knowlesi develop severe malaria. Severe P. knowlesi malaria resembles severe malaria caused by P. falciparum. Those with severe disease may experience shortness of breath, abdominal pain, and vomiting. As disease progresses, parasites replicate to very high levels in the blood likely causing acute kidney injury, jaundice, shock, and respiratory distress. Metabolic acidosis is uncommon, but can occur in particularly severe cases.  Unlike P. falciparum malaria, severe P. knowlesi malaria rarely causes coma or severe anemia. Approximately 1-2% of cases are fatal.

Diagnosis
Malaria is traditionally diagnosed by examining Giemsa-stained blood films under a microscope; however, differentiating P. knowlesi from other Plasmodium species in this way is challenging due to their similar appearance. P. knowlesi ring-stage parasites stained with Giemsa resemble P. falciparum ring stages, appearing as a circle with one or two dark dots of chromatin.  Older trophozoites appear more dispersed, forming a rectangular-shape spread across the host cell called a "band-form" that resembles the similar stage in P. malariae. During this stage, dots sometimes appear across the host red blood cell, called "Sinton and Mulligans' stippling". Schizonts appear, similarly to other Plasmodium species, as clusters of purple merozoites surrounding a central dark-colored pigment. Due to the morphological similarity among Plasmodium species, misdiagnosis of P. knowlesi infection as P. falciparum, P. malariae, or P. vivax is common. While some rapid diagnostic tests can detect P. knowlesi, they tend to have poor sensitivity and specificity and are therefore not always reliable. Detection of nucleic acid by PCR or real-time PCR is the most reliable method for detecting P. knowlesi, and differentiating it from other Plasmodium species infection. However, due to the relatively slow and expensive nature of PCR, this is not available in many endemic areas. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification methods of P. knowlesi detection have also been developed, but are not yet widely used.

Treatment
Because P. knowlesi takes only 24 hours to complete its erythrocytic cycle, it can rapidly result in very high levels of parasitemia with fatal consequences. For those with uncomplicated malaria, the World Health Organization recommends treatment with artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) or chloroquine. For those with severe malaria, the World Health Organization recommends administration of intravenous artesunate for at least 24 hours, followed by ACT treatment. Additionally, early drug trials have suggested that combinations of chloroquine and primaquine, artesunate and mefloquine, artemether and lumefantrine, and chloroquine alone could be effective treatments for uncomplicated P. knowlesi malaria. There is no evidence of P. knowlesi developing resistance to current antimalarials.

Epidemiology
P. knowlesi is the most common cause of malaria in Malaysia, and cases of P. knowlesi malaria have been reported in most countries of Southeast Asia as well as travelers from the region.

Infection with P. knowlesi is associated with socioeconomic and lifestyle factors that bring people into the dense forests where the mosquito hosts are commonly found. In particular, those who work in the forest or at its margin such as farmers, hunters, and loggers are at increased risk for infection. Likely for this reason, males are infected more frequently than females, and adults are infected more frequently than children.

Research
P. knowlesi has long been used as a research model for studying the interaction between parasite and host, and developing antimalarial vaccines and drugs. Its utility as a research model is partly due to its ability to infect rhesus macaques, a common laboratory model primate. Rhesus macaques are highly susceptible to P. knowlesi and can be infected by mosquito bite, injection of sporozoites, or injection of blood-stage parasites. Infected monkeys develop some hallmarks of human malaria including anemia and enlargement of the spleen and liver. Infection is typically fatal if untreated, with the cause of death seemingly circulatory failure characterized by adhesion of infected red blood cells to the blood vessel walls. Monkeys can be cured of infection by treatment with antimalarials; repeated infection followed by cure results in the monkeys developing some immunity to infection, a topic that has also been the subject of substantial research.

P. knowlesi is also used for in vitro research into Plasmodium cell biology. Isolated sporozoites can infect primary rhesus hepatocytes, allowing the in vitro study of the parasite liver stage. Additionally, P. knowlesi and P. falciparum are the only Plasmodium species that can be maintained continuously in cultured red blood cells, both rhesus and human. Facilitating molecular biology research, the P. knowlesi genome has been sequenced and is available on PlasmoDB and other online repositories. P. knowlesi can be genetically modified in the lab by transfection either in the rhesus macaque model system, or in blood cell culture. Blood-infecting stages and sporozoites can be stored long-term by freezing with glycerolyte, allowing the preservation of strains of interest.

History

The Italian physician Giuseppe Franchini first described what may have been P. knowlesi in 1927 when he noted a parasite distinct from P. cynomolgi and P. inui in the blood of a long-tailed macaque. In 1931, the parasite was again seen in a long-tailed macaque by H. G. M. Campbell during his work on kala azar in Calcutta; Campbell's colleague Lionel Napier drew blood from the affected monkey and inoculated three laboratory monkeys, one of which was a rhesus macaque that developed a severe infection. Campbell and Napier gave the infected monkey to Biraj Mohan Das Gupta who was able to maintain the parasite by serial passage through monkeys. In 1932, Das Gupta and his supervisor Robert Knowles described the morphology of the parasite in macaque blood, and demonstrated that it could infect three human patients (in each case it was used to induce fever with the hope of treating another infection). Also in 1932, John Sinton and H. W. Mulligan further described the morphology of the parasite in blood cells, determined it to be a distinct species from others described, and named it Plasmodium knowlesi in honor of Robert Knowles.

Soon thereafter, in 1935 C. E. Van Rooyen and George R. Pile reported using P. knowlesi infection to treat general paralysis in psychiatric patients. P. knowlesi would go on to be used as a general pyretic agent for various diseases, particularly neurosyphilis for which it was used until at least 1955. While Cyril Garnham had suggested in 1957 that P. knowlesi might naturally infect humans, the first documented case of a human naturally infected with P. knowlesi was in 1965 in a U.S. Army surveryor who developed chills and fever after a five-day deployment in Malaysia. Based on this finding, a team at the Institute for Medical Research in Peninsular Malaysia undertook a survey of people living in proximity to macaques, but failed to find evidence that simian malaria was being transmitted to humans.

Through the 1960s and 1970s, scientific research groups used P. knowlesi as a research model to make seminal discoveries in malaria. In 1965 and 1972, several groups characterized how P. knowlesi antigenic variation contributed to immune evasion and chronic infection. In 1975, Louis H. Miller and others showed that P. knowlesi required Duffy factor on the surface of red blood cells in order to invade them (they would go on to show the same requirement for P. vivax a year later).

Work on P. knowlesi as a human malaria parasite was revitalized in 2004, when Balbir Singh and others used PCR to show that over half of a group of humans diagnosed with P. malariae malaria in Malaysian Borneo were actually infected with P. knowlesi. Over the following decade, several investigators used molecular detection methods capable of distinguishing P. knowlesi from morphologically similar parasites to attribute an increasing proportion of malaria cases to P. knowlesi throughout Southeast Asia. Work with archival samples has shown that infection with this parasite has occurred in Malaysia at least since the 1990s.


Sipaliwini Airstrip

Sipaliwini Airstrip , near the village of Sipaliwini, in the most southern part of Suriname in the Sipaliwini District. It was constructed as part of Operation Grasshopper and the runway of the airstrip was publicly opened in 1962.

The marked runway is  long, and has another  of unobstructed grass within the field boundaries on the east end.

Charters and destinations
Charter Airlines serving this airport are:


2018–19 AS Ain M'lila season

In the 2018–19 season, AS Ain M'lila is competing in Ligue 1 for the 18th season, as well as for the Algerian Cup.

Pre-season

Mid-season

Overview

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|-
!rowspan=2|Competition
!colspan=8|Record
!rowspan=2|Started round
!rowspan=2|Final position / round
!rowspan=2|First match
!rowspan=2|Last match
|-
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
|-
| Ligue 1

|
| 12th
| 11 August 2018
| 26 May 2019
|-
| Algerian Cup

| Round of 64
| Round of 32
| 17 December 2018
| 28 December 2018
|-
! Total

Ligue 1

League table

Results summary

Results by round

Matches

Algerian Cup

Squad information

Playing statistics

|-
! colspan=10 style=background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center| Goalkeepers

|-
! colspan=10 style=background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center| Defenders

|-
! colspan=10 style=background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center| Midfielders

|-
! colspan=10 style=background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center| Forwards

|-
! colspan=10 style=background:#dcdcdc; text-align:center| Players transferred out during the season

Goalscorers

Squad list
As of August 11, 2018:

Transfers

In

Out

Notes


Safe semantics

Safe semantics is a computer hardware consistency model. It describes one type of guarantee that a data register provides when it is shared by several processors in a parallel computer or in a network of computers working together.

History
Safe semantics was first defined by Leslie Lamport in 1985. It was formally defined in Lamport's "On Interprocess Communication" in 1986.

Safe register has been implemented in many distributed systems.

Description
Safe semantics are defined for a variable with a single writer but multiple readers (SWMR). A SWMR register is safe if each read operation satisfies these properties:

 A read operation not concurrent with any write operation returns the value written by the latest write operation.
 A read operation that is concurrent with a write operation may return any value within the register's allowed range of values (for example, 0,1,2,...).

In particular, given concurrency of a read and a write operation, the read can return a value that has not been written by a write. The return value need only belong to the register domain.

A binary safe register can be seen as modeling a bit flickering. Whatever the previous value of the register is, its value could flicker until the write finishes. Therefore, the read that overlaps with a write could return 0 or 1.

Churn refers to the entry and exit of servers to/from a distributed system. Baldoni et al. show that no register can have the stronger property of regular semantics in a synchronous system under continuous churn. However, a safe register can be implemented under continuous churn in a non-synchronous system. Modeling and implementing a type of storage memory (Safe Register) under non-quiescent churn requires some system models such as client and server systems. Client systems contains a finite, arbitrary number of processes that are responsible for reading and writing the server system. However,the server system must ensure that read and write operations happen properly.

Implementation
Safe register implementation involves:

Safe register is maintained by the set of active servers.

Clients maintain no register information.

Eventually synchronous system

Quora (set of server or client systems)

Size of the Read and Write operation executed on quora = n – f –  J (n is the number of servers, J is the number of servers that enter and exit, and f is the number of Byzantine failures.

Algorithms such as join, read, and write.

Join
A server (si) that wants to enter a server system broadcasts an inquiry message to other servers to inform them of its entry, si requests a current value of the register. Once other server receive this inquiry they send reply messages to si. After si receives enough replies from other servers, it collects the replies and saves them into a reply set. Si waits until it gets enough replies (n-f-j) from other servers then it picks the most frequently received value. Si also:

 Updates its local copy of the register
 Becomes active
 Replies to the processes in the reply set
 If it becomes active it sends reply messages to the other servers. Otherwise, it stores the inquiries, replying when it becomes active.
 When it gets replies from other servers it adds the new reply to the reply set and discards the old value.
 If the value of the responding server is bigger than si's value, si retains the new value.

Read

The read algorithm is a basic version of join. The difference is the broadcast mechanism used by the read operation. A client (cw) broadcasts a message to the system and once a server receives the inquiry, it sends a reply message to the client. Once the client receives enough replies (n-f-j) it stops sending an inquiry.

Write
Client (cw) sends an inquiry into the system in different rounds and waits until it receives two acknowledgment. (sn =sequence number)

The reason for receiving two acknowledgments is to avoid danger in a system. When a process sends an acknowledgement (ack), it may die after one millisecond. Therefore, no  confirmation is received by the client.

The validity of the safe register (If a read is not concurrent with any write, return the last value written) was proved based on the quorum system. Given two quorum systems (Qw, Qr) Qw indicates the servers that know about the latest value, and Qr indicates values of read responses. The size of each quorum is equal to n-f-j. Proving the safe register's validity requires proving

were B is the number of Byzantine failures.

Proof : Red region indicates (Qw∩Qr)\B and the blue region indicates Qr∩B. From the assumption, the size of each quorum is n-f-j, so the red region has n-3f-2j active servers. Therefore,

is strictly greater than f.

Notes


The Whirling Dervishes (band)

Whirling Dervishes are an American alternative rock band from Westfield, New Jersey. Formed in 1981 initially as Johnny Bravo and his Whirling Dervishes, the band shortened its name in 1983 to Whirling Dervishes. Their sound has been described as a combination of Roxy Music, The Stooges, Nine Inch Nails and The Wonderstuff.

Career
Dazzo, Ardrey, Paola and Siegel met while attending Westfield High School while Heer and Bryan studied at neighboring Union Catholic High School. All performed in various bands during those formative years, except for Dazzo who served as roadie for Ardrey's group, the Shattered Five.

The band is known for its dark pop songs and benefitted greatly from airplay on WHTG-FM in Eatontown, New Jersey, which helped popularize the group at the Jersey Shore and beyond. The band toured the East Coast during the mid-1980s through the early 1990s, but performed most frequently at rock clubs in the New York and New Jersey area such as Stone Pony, Brighton Bar, The Limelight, Danceteria, CBGB, China Club, Kat Club, Fastlane, Court Tavern, the Melody, the Roxy, and the Green Parrot.

The original line-up, Bob Ardrey (guitar, vocals), Don Dazzo (lead vocals), Dan Paola (guitar, vocals), Billy Siegel (keyboards, vocals, producer), Jerry Heer (bass) and John Bryan (drums, percussion), is still together today. They have also worked with engineer Alan Douches, known for his engineering and mastering skills with Aerosmith, Steve Taylor and George Benson.

Record releases
Best known for their perennial Christmas classic cover of "You're A Mean One, Mr. Grinch," the band released two vinyl EPs, History Kicks You (1983) and Affordable World (1985); one CD EP, Wish it Would Snow (1992), independently, re-released in 1994 on Ignition with bonus tracks and again in 1995 as Grinch on Continuum/Universal; and one full-length CD album, Strange and Wonderful (1992).

Television and film
Signed in 1991 to Herb Alpert's publishing arm of A&M records Rondor Music, the band wrote and recorded the theme song to NBC's short-lived television show The Adventures of Mark and Brian.

In 1990, the band released the film Thin Mints, written and directed by Dazzo, produced and edited by Heer, starring Ardrey and Fred Harlow, with a score by Siegel and Ardrey, and with Whirling Dervishes' songs prominently featured.

Everlounge
In 1994, Dazzo and Siegel formed the group Everlounge, later joined by Ardrey, inspired by the New York- and Los Angeles-based lounge music scene. Occasionally, Whirling Dervishes still play local shows in the New Jersey area.

External links


Zir-e Murd

Zir-e Murd (, also Romanized as Zīr-e Mūrd) is a village in Haparu Rural District, in the Central District of Bagh-e Malek County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 145, in 30 families.


Lepturges zonula

Lepturges zonula is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Monné in 1976.


Barrett Wendell

Barrett Wendell (23 August 1855 – 8 February 1921) was an American academic known for a series of textbooks including English Composition, studies of Cotton Mather and William Shakespeare, A Literary History of America, The France of Today, and The Traditions of European Literature.

Biography
He was born in Boston, the son of Jacob and Mary Bertodi Wendell. He graduated from Harvard in the class of 1877 with Abbott Lawrence Lowell who was later a president of Harvard. At Harvard, Wendell was a member of The Lampoon. In 1880 was appointed Instructor in English at Harvard. He later became an Assistant Professor of English from 1888 to 1898, and a Professor of English from 1898 to 1917, after which he was a professor emeritus. He was also elected to the Harvard Board of Overseers.

In 1904 to 1905 he travelled overseas, and lectured at Cambridge University in England, the Sorbonne in Paris, and other French universities. After this visit he wrote "The France of Today".

He was a trustee of the Boston Athenaeum, a member of the Massachusetts Historical Society, and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1916. He received honorary degrees from Harvard, Columbia University, and an LL.D. from the University of Strasbourg in France. He died in Boston.

Selected works
 The Duchess Emilia : a romance, Boston : James R. Osgood and Co., 1885.
 Cotton Mather, the Puritan priest, New York, Dodd, Mead and company, 1891.
 English composition : eight lectures given at the Lowell Institute, New York : Charles Scribner's Sons, 1891.
 Some neglected characteristics of the New England Puritans, 1892
 William Shakespeare, a study in Elizabethan literature, New York, C. Scribner's sons, 1894.
 Rankell’s remains : an American novel, New York, C. Scribner's sons, 1896.
 A literary history of America, New York, C. Scribner's Sons, 1901.
 Ralegh in Guiana, Rosamond, and A Christmas masque, New York : C. Scribner's Sons, 1902 (Boston : Merrymount Press)
 The France of today, New York, C. Scribner, 1907.
 The privileged classes, New York, C. Scribner's sons, 1908.
 The mystery of education, and other academic performances, New York, C. Scribner's sons, 1909.
 The traditions of European literature, from Homer to Dante, New York, C. Scribner's Sons, 1920.


Richard Baker (British businessman)

Richard Baker (born 6 August 1962) is the former chief operating officer of Asda Stores Ltd. and CEO of Boots Group. He is currently chairman of the European Division of Groupe Aeroplan, which owns and runs the Nectar Loyalty Programme in the UK. He also serves as non-executive chairman of Virgin Active, non-executive director of Whitbread plc, operating partner at Advent International and chairman of DFS.

Career
After graduating from Downing College, Cambridge, Baker worked at Mars Confectionery for nearly 10 years, working his way up to sales and marketing director. He joined Asda Stores Ltd in 1995, where he worked for the following 9 years becoming Marketing Director in 1999, and ultimately chief operating officer in 2002, following their acquisition by Walmart.

In September 2003, Baker joined Boots Group as chief executive officer. The company had been reporting losses following its ill-advised move into its 'Wellbeing' services, which included Dentistry, Massage and Botox. Despite implementing a number of cost-cutting measures and extending opening hours, the company continued to struggle until October 2005 it announced it was to merge with competitor Alliance Unichem. The announcement met with widespread opposition, but the merger was cleared by the OFT in February 2006 and completed in July that year. Baker became chief executive officer of the new Alliance Boots GmbH.

In April 2007, after publishing annual results that showed a profit increase of 7.4%, Alliance Boots was sold to private equity firm KKR for £11.1 billion; the highest price ever paid by a private equity company for a British public company. Baker left the company on completion of the transaction.
Baker has served as chairman of DFS since April 2010, following Advent International's £500 million takeover of the furniture retail chain.

In June 2019, Baker launched his own private equity firm to invest in mid-market, consumer-facing businesses. The firm will target investments in the retail, leisure, services and health sectors in Britain and Europe.

Current roles

Baker now holds various board and advisory roles with top international companies including:

 Chairman of the European Division of Groupe Aeroplan, which owns and runs the Nectar Loyalty Programme in the UK. It also has interests in other loyalty schemes across Europe.
 Non Executive Chairman of Virgin Active.
 non executive director of Whitbread plc.
 Operating Partner at Advent International.
 Chairman of DFS.


Nova Scotian pound

The pound was the currency of Nova Scotia until 1860. It was subdivided into 20 shillings, each of 12 pence. It was equivalent to the British pound and was replaced by the dollar in 1860, at a rate of 5 dollars = 1 pound (1 dollar = 4 shillings), although coins and notes of the dollar currency were not issued until 1861.

Tokens
In addition to British coins, copper tokens were issued in 1823 and 1856 in denominations of ½ and 1 penny.

Banknotes
In 1812, the Provincial Government introduced Treasury notes in denominations of 1, 2½, 5 and 50 pounds. Between 1813 and 1830, notes for 1, 2 and 5 pounds were issued. 5 and 10 shilling notes were added in 1830. Along with the Treasury notes, two chartered banks issued paper money in Nova Scotia, the Bank of Nova Scotia, and the Halifax Banking Company. The Halifax Banking Company issued notes from 1825, in denominations of 1½, 5, 6, 6½ and 7 pounds, whilst the Bank of Nova Scotia began issuing notes in 1834, with denominations of 1½, 2, 2½, 5, ¼, 6, 7, 7½ and 10 pounds.


The 3rd Round

The 3rd Round () is Taiwanese Mandopop artist Tank's third Mandarin studio album. It was released on 29 May 2009 by HIM International Music. A second edition The 3rd Round (Deluxe Edition) (第三回合 精裝版) was released on 29 May 2009 with a bonus DVD with two music videos and behind-the-scene footage.

The album features an insert song, "全世界都停電" (Power Out All Over The World) of 2009 Taiwanese drama ToGetHer, starring Jiro Wang of Fahrenheit, Rainie Yang and George Hu. The DVD features the music video of opening theme song, "鬥牛要不要" (Do You Want a Bull-Fight) of 2007 Taiwanese drama Bull Fighting, starring Mike He, Hebe Tien, and Lee Wei.

The track "全世界都停電" (Power Out All Over The World) is listed at number 65 on Hit Fm Taiwan's Hit Fm Annual Top 100 Singles Chart (Hit-Fm年度百首單曲) for 2009.

Track listing
 "繃帶俱樂部" (Bandage Club)
 "生還者" (Survivor)
 "全世界都停電" (Power Out All Over The World) - insert song of ToGetHer
 "阿門" (Amen)
 "真心話太冒險" (The Truth Is Too Risky)
 "如果我變成回憶" (If I Become A Memory)
 "會長大的幸福" (Growing Happiness)
 "陽光美眉" (Sunshine Beauty)
 "再做一個夢" (Dream Again)
 "是誰" (Who)

Bonus DVD
 Tank The 3rd Round photo shot
 "生還者" (Survivor) MV behind-the-scene footage
 "生還者" (Survivor) MV
 "鬥牛要不要" Dou Niu Yao Bu Yao (Do You Want a Bull-Fight) MV - opening theme of Bull Fighting


Allegory of the Element Earth

Allegory to the Element Earth is a painting by the Venetian Renaissance artist Leandro Bassano of about 1580, now in The Walters Art Museum, Baltimore.

History
In the 16th century the world was thought to consist of four elements, each associated with the four seasons.  Air was attributed to spring, fire to summer, earth to autumn, and water to winter.  In 1648 a written work by Carlo Ridolfi records that Leandro Bassano's father, Jacopo, painted a series of allegories of the four elements for a prince.  The series was likely installed in a single room of a palace or villa.  The replica, presented here, is believed to have been painted by Leandro Bassano at his father's studio.  The elder Bassano and his sons were the first in Italian art to fill their works with common subjects and natural details.

Composition
In this work representing the element earth, several workers gather and carry fruits, vegetables, and game.  The ancient Roman goddess of fertility, Cybele, drives across the sky in a wagon pulled by lions.  The structure on the left alludes to a setting of a nobleman's villa.  The table is draped with an oriental carpet and covered with sweets, fruits, and wine.  The presence of these objects indicates that the land being worked by the servants does not belong to them.  Several animals are also represented throughout the painting and are shown in coexistence despite their variety.

Analysis
The classical ideals, mythology, and architectural elements represented in the painting suggest that it was created for an audience familiar with the humanistic focus on the ancient world.  The coexistence of a variety of animals represented in the painting hints at an Eden-like state.  The dark scenery provided the artist the opportunity to create dramatic light and shade with rich oil paints.  The colors standout dramatically against the dark shadows, a technique known as chiaroscuro.

Off the Wall
Allegory of the Element Earth was featured in Off the Wall, an open-air exhibition on the streets of Baltimore, Maryland, in 2012.  A reproduction of the painting was on display at the Whole Foods Market on Smith Avenue.  The National Gallery, London began the concept of bringing art out of doors in 2007 and the Detroit Institute of Art introduced the concept in the U.S.. The Off the Wall reproductions of the Walters' paintings are done on weather-resistant vinyl and include a description of the painting and a QR code for smart phones.


Imperio Carcione

Imperio Carcione (born 4 March 1982) is an Italian footballer who most recently played for Paganese in Serie C.


Timeline of Bern

The following is a timeline of the history of the municipality of Bern, Switzerland.

Prior to 19th century

 2nd-3rd century CE - Roman settlement abandoned.
 1191 - Bern set up as military outpost by Berthold V, Duke of Zähringen.
 1218 - Bern becomes a free imperial city of the Holy Roman Empire.
 1219 - Zytglogge (tower) built.
 1223 - Theto von Ravensburg becomes .
 1256 - Käfigturm (tower) built.
 1268 - Nydegg Castle demolished (approximate date).
 1270 - Felsenburg (castle) built (approximate date).
 1285 -  (church) built.
 1289 - April: Battle of Schosshalde takes place; Bern successfully resisted Rudolph of Hapsburg.
 1298
 Bern allies with Biel, Murten, and Solothurn.
 Bern expands to include Bolligen, Muri, Stettlen, and Vechigen.
 1331-1333 - Gümmenenkrieg (Fribourg-Bern war).
 1339 - Battle of Laupen.
 1345 -  (tower) built.
 1346
 Black Death plague.
 Äussere Neustadt (Bern) area developed.
 Christoffelturm (tower) and Nydeggkirche (church) built.
 1353 - Canton of Bern joins the Swiss Confederacy.
 1380 - Public clock installed (approximate date).
 1383-1384 - Burgdorferkrieg (Kyberg-Bern war) takes place in the County of Burgundy.
 1417 -  (town hall) built.
 1421 - Bern Munster construction begins.
 1430 - Konrad Justinger writes Chronik der Stadt Bern, a history of the city.
 1470 - Tschachtlanchronik (Bern history) compiled.
 1489 - Untertorbrücke (bridge) built.
 1494 -  (church) rebuilt.
 1513 - Town begins to keep bears in the Bärenplatz.
 1525 - Printing press in operation.
 1528 - .
 1530 - Astronomical clock installed in the Zytglogge.
 1532 -  adopted.
 1543 - Gerechtigkeitsbrunnen (Bern) (fountain) erected on Gerechtigkeitsgasse.
 1544 - Simsonbrunnen (fountain) erected.
 1546 - Fountains Anna-Seiler-Brunnen (on Marktgasse) and Pfeiferbrunnen (on Spitalgasse) erected.
 1573 - Munster construction ends.
 1615 -  (prison) in operation.
 1700 - Population: 14,219.
 1718 -  (granary) built.
 1729 - Church of the Holy Ghost, Bern rebuilt.
 1752 - Erlacherhof (mansion) built.
 1759 -  (scientific society) founded.
 1798 - 5 March: Battle of Grauholz takes place in canton; French in power.
 1799 - Stämpfli (publisher) in business.

19th century

 1803 - City library active.
 1815 - Bernischen Musikgesellschaft (music society) founded.
 1817 -  (government building) rebuilt.
 1818 - Population: 18,997.
 1830 - Eidgenössisches Schützenfest held in Bern.
 1832
 Karl Zeerleder becomes mayor.
 Canton becomes administratively independent of city.
 1834 - University of Bern established.
 1837 - Population: 24,362.
 1844 - Nydeggbrücke (bridge) built.
 1846 -  founded.
 1848 - Bern becomes capital of Switzerland.
 1850
 Der Bund newspaper begins publication.
 Population: 29,670 in city; 407,765 in canton.
 1851 -  (bridge) built.
 1857 -  and Bärengraben (bear pit) built.
 1858
 Bern railway station opens.
  founded.
 1863 - Bernischen Juristenverein (lawyers' association) founded.
 1864 - Catholic Church of St. Peter and Paul, Bern built.
 1868 -  in business.
 1874
 International  (postal union meeting) held in Bern; "Treaty concerning the formation of a General Postal Union" signed.
 Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland headquartered in Bern.
 1877 - Bern Symphony Orchestra established.
 1879 - Conche machine invented by chocolate maker Rodolphe Lindt.
 1880
  oppidum ruins discovered near city.
 Population: 44,087 in city; 471,991 in canton.
 1886 - International "Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works" signed in city.
 1888 -  founded.
 1891
 August: 700th anniversary of city founding.
  founded.
 1893
 June: Labour unrest.
  (church) built.
 1894 - Bern Historical Museum built.
 1900 -  (public transit operator) and  established.

20th century

 1902 - Federal Palace of Switzerland building expanded.
 1903 - Albert Einstein moves into Einsteinhaus on Kramgasse.
 1905
 St. Paul's Church, Bern built.
 Akademischer Alpenclub Bern (hiking club) formed.
 1906
 "International Convention respecting the Prohibition of the Use of White (Yellow) Phosphorus in the Manufacture of Matches" signed in Bern.
 Anglican St Ursula's Church, Berne built.
 1910
  and Swiss Aviation Exhibition held.
 Population: 90,937 in city; 578,381 in canton.
 1914 -  (national exposition) held in Bern.
 1915 - March: International socialist anti-war women's conference held in Bern.
 1918
  park now belongs to city.
  (publisher) in business.
 1919
 Bümpliz becomes part of city.
 February: Second International conference held in Bern.
 1920 -  (church) built.
 1928 - Schweizeische Ausstellung für Frauenarbeit (women's rights event) held in Bern.
 1929
 Bern Aerodrome begins operating.
  airline headquartered in Bern.
 1930 - Population: 111,783 in city; 623,665 in canton.
 1933 - Bern Trial begins.
 1936 - National Party of Farmers, Traders and Independents headquartered in Bern.
 1939
 Tierpark Dählhölzli (zoo) opens.
 Berner Zeitschrift für Geschichte und Heimatkunde (history journal) in publication.
 1940 - Trolleybus begins operating.
 1947 - Städtische Verkehrsbetriebe Bern (public transit operator) established.
 1949
  founded.
  (bridge) and  (church) built.
 1950 - Population: 146,499 in city; 731,550 in canton.
 1951 - Burgerbibliothek of Berne (public library) foundation established.
 1955 - February: Romanian embassy seized.
 1963 - Camerata Bern founded.
 1969 - Szeemann's art exhibit "provokes a national scandal."
 1970 - Population: 162,405 in city; 901,706 in canton.
 1977
 Gurtenfestival of music begins.
 Albert Einstein Society founded.
 1979
 French-speaking Canton of Jura secedes from mostly German-speaking Canton of Bern.
 Berner Zeitung (newspaper) begins publication.
 1982 - 6 September: Polish embassy occupied.
 1983 - Old City of Bern designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site.
 1984 - Regional Transport Bern-Solothurn established.
 1990 - March: Demonstration against federal government keeping secret files on citizens.
 1993 - Klaus Baumgartner becomes mayor.
 1995 - Bern S-Bahn railway in operation.
 2000 - Population: 128,634 in city; 957,197 in canton.

21st century

 2002 - House of Religions founded.
 2004 -  begins.
 2005
 Paul Klee Centre built.
 Alexander Tschäppät becomes mayor.
 2007
 4 August:  bombing.
 October: Political unrest.
 2008 - June: UEFA Euro 2008 Group C football contest takes place in Bern.
 2009 -  opens.
 2013 - Population: 137,980.


Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Vietnam)

The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MONRE, ) is a government ministry in Vietnam responsible for: land, water resources; mineral resources, geology; environment; hydrometeorology; climate change;
surveying and mapping; management of the islands and the sea.

Ministerial units
 Department of Planning
 Department of Finance
 Department of International Cooperations
 Department of Science and Technology
 Department of Legislation
 Department of Organisation and Personnel
 Ministry Inspectorate
 Ministry Office in Ho Chi Minh City
 Agency for Land Management
 Agency for Sea and Islands
 Agency for Environment
 Agency for Geology and Mineral
 Agency for Water Resources Management
 Agency for Information Technology
 Agency for Meteorology Climate Change
 Agency for Survey and Mapping
 Agency for Remote Sensing

Natural Resources
Vietnam, Natural Resources
Vietnam
Vietnam