Adjugate matrix

In linear algebra, the adjugate, classical adjoint, or adjunct of a square matrix is the transpose of its cofactor matrix.

The adjugate has sometimes been called the "adjoint", but today the "adjoint" of a matrix normally refers to its corresponding adjoint operator, which is its conjugate transpose.

Definition
The adjugate of  is the transpose of the cofactor matrix  of ,

In more detail,  suppose  is a commutative ring and  is an  matrix with entries from .  The -minor of , denoted , is the determinant of the  matrix that results from deleting row  and column  of .  The cofactor matrix of  is the  matrix  whose  entry is the  cofactor of , which is the -minor times a sign factor:

The adjugate of  is the transpose of , that is, the  matrix whose  entry is the  cofactor of ,

The adjugate is defined as it is so that the product of  with its adjugate yields a diagonal matrix whose diagonal entries are the determinant .  That is,

where  is the  identity matrix.  This is a consequence of the Laplace expansion of the determinant.

The above formula implies one of the fundamental results in matrix algebra, that  is invertible if and only if  is an invertible element of .  When this holds, the equation above yields

Examples

1 × 1 generic matrix
The adjugate of any non-zero 1×1 matrix (complex scalar) is .  By convention, adj(0) = 0.

2 × 2 generic matrix
The adjugate of the 2×2 matrix

is

By direct computation,

In this case, it is also true that det(adj(A)) = det(A) and hence that adj(adj(A)) = A.

3 × 3 generic matrix
Consider a 3×3 matrix

Its cofactor matrix is

where
.

Its adjugate is the transpose of its cofactor matrix,
.

3 × 3 numeric matrix
As a specific example, we have

It is easy to check the adjugate is the inverse times the determinant, .

The  in the second row, third column of the adjugate was computed as follows.  The (2,3) entry of the adjugate is the (3,2) cofactor of A.  This cofactor is computed using the submatrix obtained by deleting the third row and second column of the original matrix A,

The (3,2) cofactor is a sign times the determinant of this submatrix:

and this is the (2,3) entry of the adjugate.

Properties
For any  matrix , elementary computations show that adjugates enjoy the following properties.
  and , where  and  are the zero and identity matrices, respectively.
  for any scalar .
 .
 .
 If  is invertible, then .  It follows that:
  is invertible with inverse .
 .
  is entrywise polynomial in .  In particular, over the real or complex numbers, the adjugate is a smooth function of the entries of .

Over the complex numbers,
 , where the bar denotes complex conjugation.
 , where the asterisk denotes conjugate transpose.

Suppose that  is another  matrix.  Then

This can be proved in three ways.  One way, valid for any
commutative ring, is a direct computation using the
Cauchy–Binet formula.  The second way, valid for the real
or complex numbers, is to first observe that for invertible
matrices  and ,

Because every non-invertible matrix is the limit of invertible matrices, continuity of the adjugate then implies that the formula remains true when one of  or  is not invertible.

A corollary of the previous formula is that, for any non-negative integer ,

If  is invertible, then the above formula also holds for negative .

From the identity

we deduce

Suppose that  commutes with .  Multiplying the identity  on the left and right by  proves that

If  is invertible, this implies that  also commutes with .  Over the real or complex numbers, continuity implies that  commutes with  even when  is not invertible.

Finally, there is a more general proof than the second proof, which only requires that an nxn matrix has entries over a field with at least 2n+1 elements (e.g. a 5x5 matrix over the integers mod 11). det(A+tI) is a polynomial in t with degree at most n, so it has at most n roots. Note that the ijth entry of adj((A+tI)(B)) is a polynomial of at most order n, and likewise for adj(A+tI)adj(B). These two polynomials at the ijth entry agree on at least n+1 points, as we have at least n+1 elements of the field where A+tI is invertible, and we have proven the identity for invertible matrices. Polynomials of degree n which agree on n+1 points must be identical (subtract them from each other and you have n+1 roots for a polynomial of degree at most n - a contradiction unless their difference is identically zero). As the two polynomials are identical, they take the same value for every value of t. Thus, they take the same value when t = 0.

Using the above properties and other elementary computations, it is straightforward to show that if  has one of the following properties, then  does as well:
 Upper triangular,
 Lower triangular,
 Diagonal,
 Orthogonal,
 Unitary,
 Symmetric,
 Hermitian,
 Skew-symmetric,
 Skew-hermitian,
 Normal.

If  is invertible, then, as noted above, there is a formula for  in terms of the determinant and inverse of .  When  is not invertible, the adjugate satisfies different but closely related formulas.
 If , then .
 If , then .  (Some minor is non-zero, so  is non-zero and hence has rank at least one; the identity  implies that the dimension of the nullspace of  is at least , so its rank is at most one.)  It follows that , where  is a scalar and  and  are vectors such that  and .

Column substitution and Cramer's rule

Partition  into column vectors:

Let  be a column vector of size .  Fix  and consider the matrix formed by replacing column  of  by :

Laplace expand the determinant of this matrix along column .  The result is entry  of the product .  Collecting these determinants for the different possible  yields an equality of column vectors

This formula has the following concrete consequence.  Consider the linear system of equations

Assume that  is non-singular.  Multiplying this system on the left by  and dividing by the determinant yields

Applying the previous formula to this situation yields Cramer's rule,

where  is the th entry of .

Characteristic polynomial
Let the characteristic polynomial of  be

The first divided difference of  is a symmetric polynomial of degree ,

Multiply  by its adjugate.  Since  by the Cayley–Hamilton theorem, some elementary manipulations reveal

In particular, the resolvent of  is defined to be

and by the above formula, this is equal to

Jacobi's formula

The adjugate also appears in Jacobi's formula for the derivative of the determinant.  If  is continuously differentiable, then

It follows that the total derivative of the determinant is the transpose of the adjugate:

Cayley–Hamilton formula

Let  be the characteristic polynomial of .  The Cayley–Hamilton theorem states that

Separating the constant term and multiplying the equation by  gives an expression for the adjugate that depends only on  and the coefficients of .  These coefficients can be explicitly represented in terms of traces of powers of  using complete exponential Bell polynomials.  The resulting formula is

where  is the dimension of , and the sum is taken over  and all sequences of  satisfying the linear Diophantine equation

For the 2×2 case, this gives

For the 3×3 case, this gives

For the 4×4 case, this gives

The same formula follows directly from the terminating step of the Faddeev–LeVerrier algorithm, which efficiently determines the characteristic polynomial of .

Relation to exterior algebras
The adjugate can be viewed in abstract terms using exterior algebras.  Let  be an -dimensional vector space.  The exterior product defines a bilinear pairing

Abstractly,  is isomorphic to , and under any such isomorphism the exterior product is a perfect pairing.  Therefore, it yields an isomorphism

Explicitly, this pairing sends  to , where

Suppose that  is a linear transformation.  Pullback by the st exterior power of  induces a morphism of  spaces.  The adjugate of  is the composite

If  is endowed with its coordinate basis , and if the matrix of  in this basis is , then the adjugate of  is the adjugate of .  To see why, give  the basis

Fix a basis vector  of .  The image of  under  is determined by where it sends basis vectors:

On basis vectors, the st exterior power of  is

Each of these terms maps to zero under  except the  term.  Therefore, the pullback of  is the linear transformation for which

that is, it equals

Applying the inverse of  shows that the adjugate of  is the linear transformation for which

Consequently, its matrix representation is the adjugate of .

If  is endowed with an inner product and a volume form, then the map  can be decomposed further.  In this case,  can be understood as the composite of the Hodge star operator and dualization.  Specifically, if  is the volume form, then it, together with the inner product, determines an isomorphism

This induces an isomorphism

A vector  in  corresponds to the linear functional

By the definition of the Hodge star operator, this linear functional is dual to .  That is,  equals .

Higher adjugates
Let  be an  matrix, and fix .  The th higher adjugate of  is an  matrix, denoted , whose entries are indexed by size  subsets  and  of .  Let  and  denote the complements of  and , respectively.  Also let  denote the submatrix of  containing those rows and columns whose indices are in  and , respectively.  Then the  entry of  is

where  and  are the sum of the elements of  and , respectively.

Basic properties of higher adjugates include:
 .
 .
 .
 .
 , where  denotes the th compound matrix.

Higher adjugates may be defined in abstract algebraic terms in a similar fashion to the usual adjugate, substituting  and  for  and , respectively.

Iterated adjugates
Iteratively taking the adjugate of an invertible matrix A   times yields

For example,


Yvette Young

Yvette Young (born June 28, 1991) is an American musician from San Jose, California. She is currently the front-woman for the math rock band Covet.

History
Young graduated from University of California, Los Angeles with a Bachelor of Fine Arts and began her career by posting videos of herself playing music in 2009. In 2014, Young released an EP titled Acoustics EP and further expanded the discography with the release of a split EP with Natalie Evans in 2015.

In June 2017, Young released a second EP entitled Acoustics EP 2.

Young also creates unique illustration and art pieces, including work on some of her own guitars.

Gear
As of 2019, Young plays two Ibanez Talman Prestige guitars with Seymour Duncan Five-Two single-coil pickups and custom sparkle finishes, and a 7-string, fanned-fret Strandberg that she has painted.

Young plays through Vox AC amps. Her touring amp is an AC30.

During NAMM 2020, Ibanez announced her signature model, the YY10, a Strat-style Talman.

Discography
Extended plays
 Acoustics EP (2014)
 Yvette Young/Natalie Evans Split (2015)
 Acoustics EP 2 (2017)
 Piano EP (2019)


2017 Powys County Council election

The fifth election to the Powys County Council since local government reorganization in Wales in 1995 was held on 4 May 2017, along with other local government elections. It was preceded by the 2012 election and will be followed by the 2022 election.

Results Overview

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Sixteen seats were uncontested and, in one of these seats, Yscir, no one stood at all for the seat (the only ward in Wales where this happened).

Ward Results (Brecknockshire)

Aber-craf

Bronllys

Builth

Bwlch

Crickhowell

Cwmtwrch

Felinfach

Gwernyfed

Hay
The sitting member had previously stood as a Conservative. His change is shown from when he stood as a Conservative in 2012.

Llanafanfawr

Llangattock

Llangors

Llangynidr

Llanwrtyd Wells

Maescar / Llywel

St David Within

St John

St Mary

Talgarth

Talybont-on-Usk

Tawe Uchaf

Ynyscedwyn

Yscir
No nominations received.

The postponed poll took place on 22 June 2017 and was won by the Conservative Iain McIntosh.

Ystradgynlais

* = sitting councillor prior to the election

Ward Results (Montgomeryshire)

Banwy

Berriew

Blaen Hafren

Caersws

Churchstoke

Dolforwyn

Forden

Glantwymyn

Guilsfield

Kerry

Llanbrynmair

Llandinam

Llandrinio

Llandysilio

Llanfair Caereinion

Llanfihangel

Llanfyllin

Llanidloes
The sitting member had previously stood as an independent. His change is shown from his performance as an Independent in 2012.

Llanrhaeadr-ym-Mochnant/Llansilin

Llansantffraid

Llanwddyn

Machynlleth

Meifod

Montgomery

Newtown Llanllwchaiarn North

Newtown Llanllwchaiarn West

Newtown Central

Newtown East
The sitting member had previously stood as a Liberal Democrat. Her change is shown from her performance as a Liberal Democrat in 2012.

Newtown South

Rhiwcynon

Trewern

Welshpool Castle

Welshpool Gungrog

Welshpool Llanerchyddol

* = sitting councillor prior to the election

Ward Results (Radnorshire)

Beguildy

Disserth and Trecoed

Glasbury

Knighton
The sitting member had previously stood as an independent. His changes are shown from his performance as an independent in 2012.

Llanbadarn Fawr

Llandrindod East/West

Llandrindod North
The sitting member had previously stood as an independent. His changes are shown from when he stood as an independent in 2012.

Llandrindod South

Llanelwedd

Llangunllo

Llanyre

Nantmel

Old Radnor

Presteigne
The sitting member had previously stood as a Liberal Democrat, but was elected as an independent in 2012.

Rhayader

* = sitting councillor prior to the election


Scopula scialophia

Scopula scialophia is a moth of the  family Geometridae. It is found in India (the Khasia Hills).


YoungKio

Kiowa Roukema (born 3 December 1999), professionally known as YoungKio, is a Dutch beat producer. He is known for producing "Old Town Road", by American rapper Lil Nas X. Since the rise in popularity of "Old Town Road", YoungKio was signed by beat producer CashMoneyAP.

Career

2016–2018: Early career
YoungKio first started producing beats in 2016. He began producing on the popular digital audio workstation FL Studio, which his friend gifted to him. YoungKio's early and current influences include producers Wheezy and TM88. In his interview with Forbes, he stated, "In my opinion, I became good at it pretty fast." He began posting his type beats on YouTube and sold leases for US$30. With this money, he saved up to purchase a year-long membership to the beat store hosting platform BeatStars.

2018–present: Old Town Road

In 2018, one of YoungKio's beats was leased by Atlanta rapper Lil Nas X. The beat sampled the Nine Inch Nails song "Ghost IV – 34". The song was released independently on December 3, 2018, and gained popularity on social video sharing app TikTok.

Since the rise in popularity of "Old Town Road", YoungKio has done interviews with Forbes, GQ, and many other publications. He has also flown to Los Angeles to work with producers like CashMoneyAP, and to appear in the “Old Town Road” music video.

YoungKio has since been 'hit up' for beats from prominent artists like Lil Pump and Rico Nasty.

Discography


Parcel tax

A parcel tax is a form of real estate tax that,  or a land value tax, is not directly based on property value.  The parcel tax is used in California to fund K–12 public education and to fund community facilities districts usually known as "Mello-Roos" districts.  The parcel tax in its typical form as a flat tax is regressive:  While most parcel taxes are a fixed amount per parcel, some are based on the size of the parcel or its improvements.

Origin

Parcel taxes originated in response to California's Proposition 13 (1978), a state initiative constitutional amendment approved by California voters in June 1978. Proposition 13 limited the property tax rate based on the assessed value of real estate to 1% per year.  However, a parcel tax circumvents the property tax rate limits of Proposition 13 because it does not vary according to the assessed value of the property. As a result, a parcel tax does not violate the ad valorem property tax rate limits of Proposition 13.

Operation

Voter approval

Simple majority vote parcel taxes were found unconstitutional under the uniformity of property taxation provision of the California Constitution.  To the extent parcel taxes are legally authorized and allowed by law, Proposition 218 (1996) ("Right to Vote on Taxes Act") requires every parcel tax be levied as a special tax (a tax legally dedicated for specific purposes) subject to two-thirds voter approval.  The two-thirds voter approval requirement has also been applied to a local parcel tax initiative measure proposed by the electorate exercising the local initiative power.

Uniformity requirement and other statutory limitations

The legal authority to levy a parcel tax comes from California state statutes which usually include additional restrictions and limitations on the ability of a local government to levy a parcel tax.  The requirement that many parcel taxes apply uniformly to all taxpayers or all real property within a local government is a direct result of statutory restrictions imposed by the California Legislature and not as a result of any requirements under the California Constitution, including Proposition 13.  There has been significant political opposition to easing the statutory uniformity requirement for parcel taxes, especially from the business community which would incur a significant increased (but generally more equitable) property tax burden if the uniformity requirement were eased by the California Legislature.

Fairness

Due to the statutory uniformity requirement for most local government parcel taxes, major tax fairness issues arise.  Flat parcel taxes are very regressive because they require owners of smaller or lower valued property to pay the same total amount as owners of larger or higher valued property, which many homeowners believe to be unfair.  To be less regressive, parcel taxes should not be flat but instead be based on parcel size.

When the Alameda Unified School District attempted to mitigate this inequity by imposing a parcel tax that would require large commercial properties to pay a larger tax amount than residential homeowners, a California appeals court declared the tax invalid.  In response, the California State Senate passed a bill by Governance and Finance Chair Lois Wolk to authorize school districts to levy a higher parcel tax on commercial property, but the bill then subsequently failed to pass in an Assembly committee.

Proportion of single-family residential parcels

Since in most California communities the vast majority of taxable parcels are single-family residential, the statutory uniformity requirement results in most of the tax burden for a parcel tax falling on single-family residential property owners. For example, in Los Angeles County about 79% of the taxable parcels are single-family residential parcels (including condominiums).  As another example, in Santa Clara County about 88% of the taxable parcels are single-family residential parcels (including condominiums). It is for this reason local business communities are often supportive of parcel taxes because the tax burden on commercial parcels, especially large commercial parcels, is very low. Business interest groups in California such as the Bay Area Council, the Silicon Valley Leadership Group, and the Los Angeles Area Chamber of Commerce frequently support parcel taxes that disproportionately burden single-family residential parcels.

Burden on property owners over other potential revenue sources

Significant fairness issues associated with parcel taxes also arise concerning the appropriateness of singling out property owners to bear the additional tax burden for financing some public services and programs, especially those services and programs that provide general benefits to the community at large (other than property owners) or benefits to nonresidents of a community who may pay little or no taxes to the local government. However, a study shows that the percentage of renters in a school district has no impact on the likelihood of getting a parcel tax measure approved in school districts.

Burden versus benefits

Parcel taxes also don’t legally require any relationship between the tax amount paid (or the ability to pay) and the benefits received.  As a result, it is up to local voters in a parcel tax election to carefully weigh and evaluate the merits of any parcel tax proposal.

In some instances, other types of taxes may be more equitable.  In other instances, other financing mechanisms may be more appropriate to finance all or part of the public services or improvements under consideration.  For example, special assessments on real property are appropriately used to finance public services and improvements that specially benefit property above and beyond benefits received by the community at large.  This is particularly appropriate where a small number of parcels, such as large commercial (business) parcels, receive special benefits not shared by the rest of the community.

Cumulative tax burden

Local voters must also consider the cumulative tax burden associated with a specific parcel tax proposal.  Some parcel tax proposals may be relatively modest in amount but when added to the other parcel levies that already appear on the property tax bill would add to a cumulative tax burden that may already be unacceptable to many property taxpayers (especially homeowners).  Furthermore, passage of a parcel tax establishes political precedent that can lead to additional and often more expensive parcel tax measures in the future by the same or other local governments in the area.

Effects on K-12 school funding

Research has shown that California school districts able to pass parcel tax measures tend to be more prosperous and to have lower percentages of minority students than those where parcel tax measures failed, or were never proposed. For example, in Oakland, California, where 68.5% of the students qualify for free lunch programs, property owners pay a $195 annual parcel tax while in its enclave Piedmont, where 0.3% of students qualify for free lunch programs, owners pay at minimum a $1,200 annual parcel tax.  Over 80% of school districts with voter-approved parcel taxes are in the relatively wealthy San Francisco Bay Area. In addition, in the case of school parcel taxes, a study shows that school districts where home values are more or less similar have a greater likelihood of raising parcel tax revenues, compared to school districts where home values are greatly different.

The preceding also raises significant school funding equity issues under the California Supreme Court Serrano decisions.  The Serrano cases did not specifically address the legality of K-12 public education parcel taxes because such taxes did not exist at that time.

Reduction-or-repeal process

Proposition 218 (1996) ("Right to Vote on Taxes Act") constitutionally reserves to local voters the right to use the initiative power to reduce or repeal any local tax, assessment, fee or charge, including provision for a significantly reduced petition signature requirement to qualify a measure on the ballot.  A local initiative under Proposition 218 can target for reduction or repeal local government parcel taxes, especially in situations where major tax fairness issues are present in a particular community.

A local initiative under Proposition 218 could also be pursued as a tie-in initiative that would tie the continued imposition of a parcel tax to satisfaction of specified conditions.  For example, a local initiative could attach an annual matching contribution condition whereby a parcel tax would be reduced or repealed if the specified annual matching contribution condition is not satisfied. A matching contribution condition is intended to leverage additional financial support as well as to demonstrate a strong financial commitment to the purposes for which the parcel tax is imposed, especially from those interests who promoted the parcel tax. Matching contributions typically come from the private sector in the form of voluntary payments such as from the local business community. This approach is particularly appropriate in places like Los Angeles County and the Silicon Valley where the local business community tends to be big supporters of tax increases that disproportionately burden ordinary taxpayers, such as parcel taxes, but generally opposes tax increases on the business community for the same public purposes.


Chlortoluron

Chlortoluron is a phenylurea herbicide used to control broadleaf and annual grass weeds in cereal fields.

Referenced


Alan Hutton

Alan Hutton (born 30 November 1984) is a Scottish former professional footballer, who played as a right back.

Hutton started his career with Rangers, and won the league title in 2005. He moved to English football with Tottenham Hotspur in 2008, and helped them win the League Cup later that year. After a loan spell with Sunderland in 2010, Hutton joined Aston Villa in 2011. He initially struggled with Villa, and was loaned to Mallorca, Nottingham Forest and Bolton Wanderers. Hutton then enjoyed a renaissance with Villa, and left the club after helping them win promotion in 2019.

Hutton made 50 appearances for the Scotland national team between 2007 and 2016.

Club career

Rangers
Hutton joined Rangers on 4 September 2000. He made his debut against Partick Thistle in a Scottish Premier League match on 22 December 2002. It was his only appearance that season; however, he made eleven appearances during 2003–04, scoring his first goal against Dunfermline Athletic at Ibrox on 23 March 2004.

He made twelve appearances during 2004–05 as the club won both the Scottish Premier League title and the Scottish League Cup. He broke his leg in February 2005 whilst playing in a league match against Kilmarnock, and was sidelined for eight months.

The 2005–06 season proved to be difficult for Rangers domestically, and Hutton only made 23 appearances in the first team, competing with Dutchman Fernando Ricksen for the right back position. He signed a new five-year contract with Rangers in the summer of 2007.

Hutton started the 2007–08 season well, earning praise from Sir Alex Ferguson. He played a part in Rangers' opening UEFA Champions League group match victories against VfB Stuttgart and Olympique Lyonnais. Hutton made a total of 94 league appearances for Rangers, scoring two league goals against Dunfermline and Hibernian. He also scored goals against Partizan Belgrade in the UEFA Cup and East Stirlingshire in the Scottish Cup.

Tottenham Hotspur
During the January transfer window in the 2007–08 season, Premier League side Tottenham Hotspur made a bid, believed to be in the £5 million region, for Hutton. He initially rejected the chance to join Spurs, and did so again when they improved their offer. The protracted transfer was finally completed on 30 January 2008, with the fee reported to be in the region of £9 million. He made his Spurs debut on 2 February in a 1–1 draw with Manchester United.

Loan to Sunderland

On 1 February 2010, Hutton signed for Sunderland on loan until the end of the season, and made his debut in the 1–1 draw with Wigan Athletic. On 24 April 2010, he was shown a red card for a clash with Jozy Altidore. Sunderland and Hutton were keen to make the move permanent, however they were unwilling to pay the fee that Spurs were demanding.

Return to Tottenham

After Sunderland failed to sign Hutton on a permanent deal, he returned to Spurs, scored in the opening game of the season, and won a penalty, allowing newly signed Rafael van der Vaart to convert and score Tottenham's first goal in the match, a 3–1 win against Wolverhampton Wanderers. He since started and played the full 90 minutes against Manchester United at Old Trafford in a 2–0 Premier League defeat. At the end of the 2010–11 season, he made 26 appearances for Spurs in all competitions. The next appearance, Hutton scored again, as Tottenham Hotspur lost to Bolton Wanderers. He was Tottenham's first choice right-back for the majority of the 2010–11 season, often being preferred to Croatian international Vedran Ćorluka on the right hand side of the Spurs defence. Hutton was also an important fixture in Tottenham's 2010–11 UEFA Champions League campaign that saw them reach the quarter-finals, including being part of the team that produced a memorable 3–1 victory over European champions Internazionale. However, his season ended in April, after suffering a knee injury, which ruled him out for the rest of the season.

However, at the beginning of the 2011–12 season, Tottenham Hotspur right-back Kyle Walker was regularly chosen ahead of Hutton in defence following his return from a loan spell away at Villa Park. Hutton was heavily linked with a £3 million transfer to Aston Villa, the club that Walker had recently returned from. After joining Aston Villa, Hutton made accusations towards Harry Redknapp of making his life a misery by training with the youth side and that he was treated as an 'outcast' during his three years spell at Tottenham Hotspur.

Aston Villa
On 31 August 2011, Aston Villa confirmed that they had signed Hutton on a four-year contract in a deal thought to be worth £40,000 a week to Hutton, along with fellow Tottenham player Jermaine Jenas, who arrived on loan. This move reunited Hutton with Alex McLeish, one of his former managers at Rangers.
Upon joining Villa, Hutton said that the club was the 'only place he wanted to go'.

Hutton made his debut for Aston Villa on 10 September in a 2–2 draw away at Everton. Hutton also took part in Villa's 2–1 defeat to local rivals West Brom, where a tackle on Shane Long injured Long's knee keeping him out for six weeks. The tackle received no punishment during the game but later sparked a retrospective debate as to the fairness of the challenge. After the match his tackle was labelled 'vicious' by West Brom manager Roy Hodgson. Hutton was defended by Villa assistant manager Peter Grant, who insisted that Hutton is not a dirty player. McLeish also came out in support of Hutton, as well as expressing sympathy for Long. Later in the season Hutton's fiery reputation continued, as he was shown a second yellow card and sent off in Villa's 2–1 defeat at home to Arsenal on 21 December.

Hutton's first season at Villa Park was disappointing, and his future at the club remained in doubt during the close season. The speculation intensified when new Villa manager Paul Lambert signed Sheffield United right-back Matthew Lowton on 6 July 2012. Ten days later, Hutton was left out of the 25-man squad chosen to represent the club on the pre-season tour of the United States. Having been left out of the first team, Hutton admitted that he found himself in a difficult situation, but said that he hoped to force himself back into first-team contention.

Loan to Nottingham Forest
Having his first team opportunities limited at Aston Villa, Hutton joined Nottingham Forest on an emergency loan, until 2 January 2013, making him available for nine matches. Upon his loan move, Chairman Omar Al Hasawi described Hutton's move to Nottingham Forest, as a "big asset". Two days later, Hutton made his debut, making a quick impact by providing an assist for Billy Sharp to score the opener, as Nottingham Forest beat Wolves 2–1. Hutton established himself, playing right back in defence and played all the matches until his loan spell ended.

Loan to Mallorca
On 29 January 2013, Hutton was loaned out to Spanish side Mallorca until the end of the season. Several days after signing for Mallorca, Hutton was unveiled as a player, along with Fernando Tissone and was given the number two shirt at the club. On 3 February 2013, Hutton made his debut, playing at right-back, in a 3–0 loss against Real Sociedad. The club were relegated, but despite this, Hutton expressed a desire to stay at the club next season. On 30 June 2013, Hutton's loan spell with Mallorca came to an end. The club then tried to sign Hutton, this time on a permanent basis. However, the move never materialised as the club could not afford a permanent deal.

Loan to Bolton
On 28 February 2014, he completed an emergency loan move to Football League Championship side Bolton Wanderers. He will spend an initial 28-day spell at the Reebok Stadium. He was on the bench for their next two games and made his Wanderers debut on 11 March 2014 in a goalless draw with Derby County at Pride Park. Bolton extended his loan deal at the club until the end of the 2013–14 season after he made a good impression in his first few games for the club.

Return to Aston Villa

Following his various loan spells, Hutton returned to Villa in 2014 and earned a surprise recall in a 3–1 pre-season friendly win over Mansfield Town on 18 July, putting in a good performance and assisting the equalising goal scored by Darren Bent, who had also returned following a massive absence from selection. Hutton's good pre-season form continued, and once the new Premier League season began he found himself as first choice right back again. On 16 September, after a strong start to the season both for Hutton personally and for Aston Villa, Hutton capped off a remarkable turnaround in his Villa career by signing a new 3-year contract at the club. He scored his first Villa goal against Leicester City on the half volley in December 2014.

He started and completed the 2015 FA Cup Final, a 4–0 defeat to Arsenal, and featured regularly (28 appearances) as Aston Villa finished bottom and were relegated from the Premier League the following season. On 14 June 2018, Hutton signed a new contract to remain at Villa Park until 2019. Hutton scored in a Second City derby win against Birmingham City on 25 November 2018, running from inside his own half before finishing with his left foot.

Hutton was released by Aston Villa at the end of the 2018–19 season. On 19 February 2020, he announced his retirement from professional football.

International career

Hutton has been capped by the Scotland national football team as well as at under 21 and B levels.

Along with his then-Rangers teammate Charlie Adam, Hutton was called up by manager Alex McLeish to the Scotland squad for the first time on 11 May 2007 for a friendly against Austria and a Euro 2008 qualifying match against the Faroe Islands. He made his international debut against Austria on 30 May 2007, coming on as a substitute. Hutton made his competitive debut against Lithuania in September 2007. Hutton was part of the Scotland team that beat France at Parc des Princes in September 2007.

Hutton won his 50th cap in March 2016, in a 1–0 win against Czech Republic. Scotland manager Gordon Strachan said in November 2016 that Hutton had retired from international football.

Career statistics

Club
Source:

International appearances
Source:

Honours

Club
Rangers
Scottish Premier League: 2004–05

Tottenham Hotspur
Football League Cup: 2007–08

Individual
Scottish FA International Roll of Honour (50 caps): 2016


1979–80 Cypriot First Division

Statistics of Cypriot First Division in the 1979–80 season.

Overview
It was contested by 15 teams, and APOEL F.C. won the championship.

League standings

|- style="background: #ccffcc"
||1||align=left|APOEL (C)||28||23||2||3||72||19||+53||48||1980–81 European Cup 1st Round
|- style="background: #F0e68c"
||2||align=left|AC Omonia||28||21||6||1||66||14||+52||48||1980–81 European Cup Winners' Cup 1st Round(Cypriot Cup Winner)
|-  style="background: #97DEFF"
||3||align=left|Pezoporikos Larnaca||28||13||7||8||44||29||+15||33||1980–81 UEFA Cup 1st Round
|-
||4||align=left|EPA Larnaca FC||28||10||10||8||41||27||+14||30
|-
||5||align=left|AEL Limassol||28||14||2||12||41||43||-2||30
|-
||6||align=left|Apollon Limassol||28||7||14||7||36||30||+6||28
|-
||7||align=left|Anorthosis Famagusta FC||28||9||8||11||31||31||0||26
|-
||8||align=left|Aris Limassol F.C.||28||9||8||11||37||40||-3||26
|-
||9||align=left|EN Paralimni||28||8||8||12||23||26||-3||24
|-
||10||align=left|Olympiakos Nicosia||28||8||8||12||27||48||-21||24
|-
||11||align=left|Alki Larnaca FC||28||8||7||13||27||45||-18||23
|-
||12||align=left|Keravnos||28||7||7||14||35||50||-15||21
|-
||13||align=left|Omonia Aradippou||28||6||9||13||18||35||-17||21
|- style="background: #FFCCCC"
||14||align=left|APOP Paphos (R)||28||5||9||14||23||53||-30||19||rowspan=2| Relegated to 1980–81 Cypriot Second Division
|- style="background: #FFCCCC"
||15||align=left|Evagoras Paphos (R)||28||4||11||13||16||47||-31||19
|}


Săpânța (river)

The Săpânța is a left tributary of the river Tisza in Romania. It discharges into the Tisza in the village Săpânța, on the border with Ukraine. Its length is  and its basin size is .


Mantun

Mantun is a village in Banmauk Township, Katha District, in the Sagaing Region of northern-central Burma.


Kjølsdalen

Kjølsdalen is a village in the municipality of Stad in Vestland county, Norway. The village is located on the northern shore of the Nordfjorden, about  west of the village of Stårheim and about  east of the village of Bryggja (in Vågsøy Municipality). The village of Davik lies about  across the fjord from Kjølsdalen. The village is named after the Kjølsdalen valley in which it is located.

Historically, Kjølsdalen was administratively part of the old municipality of Davik until 1964 when it became part of Eid municipality. In 2020, Eid Municipality became Stad Municipality. Kjølsdalen Church is located in the village, serving the western part of the municipality of Eid.


John Tristan, Count of Valois

John Tristan (8 April 1250 – 3 August 1270) was a French prince of the Capetian dynasty. He was jure uxoris count of Nevers from 1265 and of Auxerre and Tonnerre from 1268. He was also in his own right Count of Valois and Crépy, as an apanages of the crown, from 1268.

Birth and childhood

John was born in Damietta, Egypt. He was the sixth child and the fourth son of king Louis IX of France, called St. Louis after canonization, and Margaret of Provence. Moreover, he was the first of three children of this royal couple who were born during the Seventh Crusade. He was born at the Egyptian port town of Damietta which had been conquered by the crusaders in 1249. According to chronicler Jean de Joinville, an old knight acted as midwife during John's birth. Two days prior to his birth, the king was captured by the Mamluks which was the reason to name the child Tristan due to the triste occasion. He was baptised in the grand mosque of Damietta that had been re-consecrated into a church. One month later, Damietta had to be abandoned. John subsequently spent his childhood in the Holy Land where his siblings Peter (1251) and Blanche (1253) were born.

Marriage

His father wished that John joined the Dominican Order, but John resisted this wish successfully. In 1266, he was married to Yolande II, Countess of Nevers (1247–1280), making him Count of Nevers, Auxerre and Tonnere. In 1268, John was made Count of Valois and Crépy on his own right by his father the king, a gift he received as paréage.

Crusade

Two years later, John accompanied his father during the Eighth Crusade, which reached Tunis in July after setting out from Cagliari on Sardinia. But at Tunis the army suffered an outbreak of dysentery. John Tristan was one of the victims who died of it, and three weeks later, St. Louis also succumbed to the disease. Both bodies were transported to France and buried in the Basilica of St Denis.

John's marriage remained childless. His widow married again in 1272 with Robert III of Flanders; the county of Valois, his prerogative, returned to the Crown.

Ancestry

Notes


Setre Comb

The Setre Comb is a comb which has been dated from the 650 to 700 AD that has been the subject of an amount of Runological study due to its runic inscription.

The Setre Comb, listed as N KJ40 in the Rundata catalog, was discovered in an ancient refuse heap in 1932 in Setre in Bømlo, Norway, and is currently in the collection of the Bergen Museum. The comb is made of bone and its inscription features a mixture of Elder Futhark and Younger Futhark characters. The inscription has three rows of text, but it is unclear as to the direction it is to be read, or if all rows are to be read in the same direction. The comb is the subject of an amount of scholarly discourse as most experts accept the reading of the Germanic charm word alu and Nanna, though there exists questions as to if the Nanna mentioned is the same figure as the goddess from later attestations.

The inscription reads:
hAl mAz ¶ mA unA ¶ Alu naA| |Alu nanA

One suggested transcription into Old Norse goes:
Hôll mær ma una, ôllu naa, ôllu nenna.
the corresponding   English translation goes "Leaning maiden may repose, attain everything, be pleased with everything."
However, this ignores the reading of the charm word alu. Several other translations have been proposed. None of the proposed interpretations has been generally accepted to date.

References and notes

External links
Photograph of comb


Dungarvan

Dungarvan () is a coastal town and harbour in County Waterford, on the south-east coast of Ireland. Prior to the merger of Waterford County Council with Waterford City Council in 2014, Dungarvan was the county town and administrative centre of County Waterford. Waterford City and County Council retains administrative offices in the town. The town's Irish name means "Garbhann's fort", referring to Saint Garbhann who founded a church there in the seventh century. The town lies on the N25 road (European route E30), which connects Cork, Waterford and Rosslare Europort.

Location and access
Dungarvan is situated at the mouth of the Colligan River, which divides the town into two parishes - that of Dungarvan to the west, and that of Abbeyside to the east -, these being connected in three places by a causeway and single-span bridge built by the Dukes of Devonshire starting in 1801; by an old railway bridge; and by a ring-road causeway and bridge.

History

Dungarvan was incorporated in the 15th century, was represented by two members in the Irish Parliament until the Act of Union in 1801, and returned one member to the Westminster Parliament until 1885. Unlike nearby Waterford and Duncannon, Dungarvan surrendered without a siege in the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland (1649–53).

The 1921 Burgery ambush, an incident in the Irish War of Independence, took place near the town.

Antiquities
A castle, commissioned around the 12th-13th centuries by King John of England, stands by the harbour. But no trace of the walls John built remain. The remains of a woolly mammoth were discovered in the town in 1859 by postmaster and amateur antiquarian Edward Brenan.

Irish Language
Just over 3% of the town's population, or 242 persons are daily Irish speakers, outside of the education system. (Census 2011). Education through the medium of Irish is available at pre-school and primary level in the town in the local Gaelscoil, Scoil Garbhán. The Irish Language Officer of Waterford City and County Council is based in Dungarvan.

There are a range of activities and projects undertaken to strengthen the Irish language in the town. An Irish in Business award was established in 2009 to recognise businesses in Dungarvan and West Waterford who work to promote the Irish language.

The town is home to an office of Glór na nGael, a national body that promotes the Irish language in three areas, the language in the family, in Business and enterprise, and community development. The Dungarvan office is responsible for Glór na nGael’s work across South Leinster and most of Munster.

There is also significant contact between the town and the nearby Gaeltacht area of Ring, County Waterford and Old Parish which make up Gaeltacht na nDéise. Dungarvan has been identified as a potential Gaeltacht Service Town under the Gaeltacht Act 2012. Under the Gaeltacht Act 2012, Gaeltacht Service Towns are defined as those towns situated in or adjacent to Gaeltacht Language Planning Areas and which have a significant role in providing public services, recreational, social and commercial facilities for those areas. Under the act, a language plan for the town will be developed. The aim of the language plan will be to enhance the use of the Irish  language in the town.

Geography
Dungarvan is situated at the mouth of the Colligan River. Dungarvan Harbour as such is formed by The Quay (on the town side) and The Causeway. A single-span bridge was built in the late 18th century by Lord Devonshire to link Dungarvan with Abbeyside and indeed Waterford via said causeway. Outside the harbour, a  sandbar, "The Cunnigar" (Irish An Coinigéar) defines the western limit of the  wide Dungarvan Bay. The Cunnigar encloses the estuary of the River Brickey which flows out to sea at Abbeyside without actually joining the Colligan. The two estuaries are separated by "The Point".

Religion
A friary in Abbeyside, founded by Augustinians in the 13th century, is partially incorporated with the structure of a 20th-century Roman Catholic church.  One of the most significant colleges in the town was also founded by these Augustinians whose order survives and maintains an Augustinian church nearer to Main Street.

Toponymy
In everyday local usage, "Dungarvan" is taken to refer to the western, more commercial half of the town, where the administrative buildings and shopping areas are situated.

Transport

Road
It is positioned on the N25 national primary road and the R672 and R675 regional roads.

Maritime
The town is separated from the open ocean by a shallow, eastward-facing bay. At its mouth, the bay is about two miles wide, with Dungarvan lying about four miles from the mouth. A meandering navigation channel marked by red/green buoys leads into Dungarvan from the ocean. For most vessels (except small dinghies) this channel is not navigable at low tide. Even at high tide, cruising yachts and larger vessels must be careful to remain in the buoyed channel. There is a well-maintained concrete slipway in Dungarvan town, suitable for launching vessels up to eight metres in length. However, larger vessels should only use it up to three hours either side of high tide.  Moorings are usually made available to visiting yachts by Dungarvan Harbour Sailing Club, often free of charge.

Bus
Dungarvan is served by several routes. The main bus stop is located at Davitt's Quay. Other stops can be found at the shopping centre, Sexton Street and The Spring.

The Cork to London Eurolines coach provides a daily overnight cross channel service each way whereas Bus Éireann Expressway route 40 runs hourly in each direction providing a link to Cork, Waterford and Rosslare Europort. The company's route 362 provides a commuter link to Waterford. Several Local Link (formerly known as Déise Link) bus services terminate in the town. The main route is that to Tallow via Lismore with four services a day each way Mondays to Saturdays inclusive. Connections for Fermoy can be made at Tallow.

Dublin Coach serve the town on its M9 Cork to Dublin route via Waterford, passing through every two hours.

Rail
Until 1967 Dungarvan had a railway station on the now dismantled Mallow to Waterford line and was served by the Rosslare to Cork boat train. A greenway has been developed along the former line to Waterford.

Industry
One of the few major manufacturing facilities for GlaxoSmithKline consumer products is located in Dungarvan, employing more than 700 people. The town is also the home of Radley Engineering, the company responsible for manufacturing the Spire of Dublin. In days now gone, Dungarvan had a thriving tannery, a distillery, a gasworks, and a fishing fleet.  In the latter 20th century, a major source of trade and employment was Dungarvan Cooperative(Creamery), which firmly bonded the town of Dungarvan with its agricultural hinterland.

International relations

Twin towns – Sister cities
Dungarvan has been twinned with Erie, Pennsylvania in the US since March 2007. Mercyhurst College, located in Erie, hosts the Global Intelligence Forum held annually in Dungarvan.

Entente Florale
Dungarvan is a 2018 participant representing Ireland's towns in Entente Florale, an international competition organised by the AEFP, the  European Association for Flowers and Landscape.
AEFP is a non profit organisation, and its overall aims are social and cultural development to enhance Horticulture, Tourism & Environment.

Literature
The British Poet Laureate, Sir John Betjeman (who lived in Ireland from 1941 to 1943) mentions Dungarvan in his poem, "The Irish Unionist's Farewell to Greta Hellstrom". Each stanza closes with the line, "Dungarvan in the rain".

Also mentioned in the collection of short stories "Labyrinths" by Jorge Luis Borges: "He was Irish, from Dungarvan. Having said this, he stopped short, as if he had revealed a secret"

Poet Mai O'Higgins was born on Saint Mary Street in the town centre.

Dungarvan is also mentioned in the 2002 novel The Story of Lucy Gault by William Trevor.

People
Physicist and Nobel Laureate Ernest Thomas Sinton Walton (6 October 1903 – 25 June 1995) was born in Abbeyside, near Dungarvan, to a Methodist minister father, Rev. John Walton (1874–1936) and Anna Sinton (1874–1906). Walton was famous for his work with John Cockcroft on the splitting of the atom. The "Walton Causeway Park" in Abbeyside was dedicated in his honour. Walton himself attended the ceremony in 1989. After his death, a plaque was placed on the site of his birthplace in Abbeyside.
John Deasy
Austin Deasy
Maura Derrane


XHHV-FM

XHHV-FM is a radio station on 94.1 FM in Boca del Río, Veracruz. It is owned by Grupo Pazos and carries a grupera format known as La Fiera.

History
XEHV-AM 1310 began broadcasting on April 2, 1940. It was owned by Juan A. Palavicini and broadcast with 1,000 watts. Miguel Núñez Carrillo owned the station from 1954 to 1966. In the 1990s, it raised its power to 2,500 watts during the day.

In 2010, XEHV was cleared for AM-FM migration.


Harriet Dyer

Harriet Dyer (born  1988) is an Australian actress who is best known for her roles as Patricia Saunders on Love Child and April in No Activity.

Early life and education
Dyer was born in the Queensland city of Townsville. She was educated at Townsville Grammar School before attending the National Institute of Dramatic Art in Sydney.
She completed the full-time acting course at the Actor's Centre Australia, graduating in 2011.

Career
Dyer appeared in the television comedy mockumentary series Micro Nation in 2012. This was followed by guest roles on A Moody Christmas in 2012 and Packed to the Rafters in 2013.

In 2014, Dyer appeared in the first season of drama series Janet King as Maya Blakely. In the same year, she starred in the drama series Love Child as Patricia Saunders. She was a regular for three seasons and appeared as a guest in the first episode of the fourth season.

From 2015, Dyer also appeared in the comedy television series No Activity as April. In 2016, she also had a guest role in the drama series Hyde & Seek.

In 2017, Dyer appeared in Kiki and Kitty an Australian comedy series on ABC iview and ABC Comedy. She also starred in the NBC drama series The InBetween playing Cassie Bedford, a woman who can see and communicate with the dead.

Personal life
In August 2017, Dyer was reported to be dating No Activity co-star Patrick Brammall.

Filmography

Film

Television

Awards and nominations


The New Adventures of Aladdin

The New Adventures of Aladdin (original title: Les Nouvelles Aventures d'Aladin) is a 2015 French comedy film directed by Arthur Benzaquen and starring Kev Adams. A sequel, Alad'2, was released on October 3, 2018.

Plot
On Christmas Eve, Sam and Khaled are disguised as Santa in the Galeries Lafayette, hoping to steal all that fall under their nose. Unfortunately for him, Sam is stuck with children aged between 6 and 10 years and they ask him to tell them a story. Initially he refuses but when the floor manager insists, he tells the story of Aladdin in his own way. Main characters of the story are a representation of people in his real life. His desire to be a rapper, traveler and rich is incorporated with the children's fantasy requests in the story. In the end he decides to not to steal and as Aladdin he owns who he is with his wife, that he is not an financier or someone who does philanthropic work. but a simple person who loves her dearly and broke.

Cast
 Kev Adams as Aladin / Sam
 William Lebghil as Khaled
 Jean-Paul Rouve as The vizier
Vanessa Guide as Shallia Sofia
 Audrey Lamy as Rababa / Barbara
 Arthur Benzaquen as The magician
 Éric Judor as The genius
 Michel Blanc as The Sultan
 Ramzy Bedia as Balouad
 La Fouine as The deceitful
 Cyril Hanouna as Radio Voice
 Michael Cohen as The Twin Brother
 Youssef Hajdi as Cheik Loukoums
 Ali Karamoko as Kamel Toe

Sequel
in August 2017 a sequel is current shooting and a release date in France confirmated


1942 Dominican Republic general election

General elections were held in the Dominican Republic on 16 May 1942. Rafael Trujillo was the only candidate in the presidential election and was elected unopposed, whilst his Dominican Party won every seat in the Congressional elections. They were the first elections in Dominican history in which women could vote.

Results

President

Congress


Koji Yamase

is a Japanese football player who plays for Ehime FC. His father Isao Yamase participated in the 1984 Winter Olympics as a biathlete. His brother Yukihiro Yamase is also footballer.

Club career
Yamase was born in Sapporo on 22 September 1981. After graduating from high school, he joined J2 League club Consadole Sapporo based in his local in 2000. He played many matches as offensive midfielder from first season under manager Takeshi Okada. Consadole also won the champions in 2000 season and was promoted to J1 League. In 2000, he played as regular player and was selected Rookie of the Year award. Although he was given number 10 shirt, he could not play at all in the match for injured from summer 2002. Consadole also finished at the bottom place in 2002 season and was relegated to J2.

In 2003, Yamase moved to J1 club Urawa Reds. Reds won the champions 2003 J.League Cup. In 2004, Reds won the 2nd place in J1 League and J.League Cup.

In 2005, Yamase moved to Yokohama F. Marinos which club won the J1 champions  for 2 years in a row until 2004. He was given number 10 shirt and played many matches as offensive midfielder. He spent in this club the longest season in his career.

In 2011, Yamase moved to Kawasaki Frontale. He played all 34 matches in 2011 season. However his opportunity to play decreased in 2012 season.

In 2013, Yamase moved to J2 club Kyoto Sanga FC. He played many matches as regular player until 2016. In 2017, he moved to Avispa Fukuoka and played in 2 seasons. In 2019, he moved to Ehime FC.

National team career
In June 2001, Yamase was selected Japan U-20 national team for 2001 World Youth Championship. At this tournament, he played all 3 matches and scored 2 goals.

Japan's coach Ivica Osim handed him his first senior cap on 9 August 2006, in a friendly match against Trinidad and Tobago. His first goal for Japan came on 22 August 2007 in a friendly match against Cameroon. He played 13 games and scored 5 goals for Japan until 2013.

Club statistics

National team statistics

Honors and awards

Individual honors
 J.League Rookie of the Year: 2001
 East Asian Football Championship Top Scorer: 2008

Team honors
 J1 League 2nd Stage Winner: 2004
 J.League Cup Winner: 2003


1824 in Sweden

Events from the year 1824 in Sweden

Incumbents
 Monarch – Charles XIV John

Events

 2 January - First issue of the conservative Stockholms Dagblad.
 - First issue of Linköpings ASS.
 - Jöns Jacob Berzelius identifies boron.

Births

 21 January - Bertha Valerius, photographer and painter (died 1895)
 28 June - Adolf W. Edelsvärd, architect (died 1919)
 25 November- Amalia Eriksson, inventor of the polkagris,  (died 1923)
 27 December – Charlotta Norberg, ballerina   (died 1892)

Deaths

 28 June - Hans Henric von Essen, politician and courtier  (born 1755)
 20 November - Carl Axel Arrhenius, chemist (born 1757)


Andronik Stepovych

Andronyk Ioanykiyovych Dudka-Stepovych (, Andronik Ioannikievich Dudka-Stepovich; ) was a historian of Slavic studies, literary theorist specializing in the history of literature and translator of various Slavic works.

Stepovych was a contributing editor of the Kievan historical magazine Kievskaya starina. He also was editing articles for the Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary.

Bibliography
 «Очерк истории чешской литературы» (Outline of history of Czech literature), 1886
 «Очерки из истории славянских литератур» (Essays on history of Slavic literatures), 1893
 «Очерки истории сербохорватской литературы» (Outline of history of Serbo-Croatian literature), 1899


Taxstone

Daryl Campbell (born August 14, 1985), known professionally as Taxstone, is a television and Twitter personality and also a former rapper. He is primarily known for his Tax Season podcast on the Loud Speakers Network, as well as his Twitter presence. As a young man Tax became a member of the Bloods gang but now denounces any involvement.

Career
Taxstone was born as Daryl Campbell in East New York, Brooklyn, and he is of Afro-Honduran ancestry. He rose to prominence through Twitter, where he grew a large following for his bluntness and brazenness.

He caught the attention of The Loud Speakers Network's podcast hosts and on January 8, 2015 he appeared on an episode of Charlamagne Tha God and Andrew Schulz's The Brilliant Idiots podcast. Another podcast host on the network, Kid Fury, had also recommended him to the network's bosses Combat Jack and Chris Morrow which led him to land his own podcast Tax Season. He released the first episode of Tax Season on The Loud Speakers Network on March 18, 2015, just four months after he was first recommended to the network by Kid Fury.

Arrest
On 16 January 2017, Campbell was arrested in connection to the shooting death of Ronald "Edgar" McPhatter. McPhatter was working at the time as the bodyguard for rapper Roland Collins (Troy Ave.) at an Irving Plaza concert for fellow rapper Clifford Joseph Harris Jr. (T.I.)  Campbell was indicted on charges of being a felon in possession of a firearm and receiving a gun through interstate commerce. Authorities allege that Campbell's DNA was found on the trigger, hand grip and magazine of the 9-millimeter Kel-Tec semiautomatic handgun that was used in the shooting in the venue's green room.


Bhrigu Samhita

The Bhrigu Saṃhitā is a Sanskrit astrological (Jyotisha) treatise attributed in its introduction to Maharishi Bhrigu, one of the Saptarishis (seven sages) of the Vedic period. Its introductory chapter states that it was compiled by the sage out of compassion for humanity so that humanity could cope with the pressures of its existence and move towards a more spiritual nature. The Bhrigu Samhita claims to contain predictions about current and future lives as well as information about past lives.

Origin

Bhrigu's ashram 'Deepostak' was located near Dhosi Hill in present-day Haryana-Rajasthan border in India. Major parts of the Bhṛgu Saṃhitā were lost or destroyed.

Maharishi Bhrigu was the first compiler of predictive astrology. He compiled about 500,000 horoscopes and recorded the life details and events of various persons. This formed a database for further research and study. This study culminated in the birth of the science (Śāstra) of determining the quality of time (Horā) and is the Bṛhat Parāśara Horāśāstra.

These Horoscopes were based upon the planetary positions of the Sun, Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Rāhu (North Node of the Moon) and Ketu (South Node of the Moon).

After that, Maharishi Bhṛigu gave his predictions on different types of horoscopes compiled by him with the help of Lord Gaṇeśa in a brief and concise manner. The total permutations/possible horoscope charts that can be drawn with this is about 45 million. Maharishi taught this art of predictions to his son (Śukra) and other pupils. Currently a part of Bhrigu samhita is available in Hoshiarpur/Sultanpur district of current indian punjab state. Many people have found their horoscope in this part of world.


Cerithiella martensii

Cerithiella martensii is a species of very small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Newtoniellidae. This species is known from the Gulf of Mexico. It was described by Dall, in 1889.

Description
The maximum recorded shell length is 11.3 mm.

Habitat
Minimum recorded depth is 419 m. Maximum recorded depth is 2160 m.


Marilyn Borden

Marilyn Borden (May 29, 1932 – March 25, 2009) was an American actress and singer who with her sister, Rosalyn "Roz" Borden, were known as the Borden Twins. The duo are best-remembered for their appearance on I Love Lucy playing "Teensy and Weensy" in the episode "Tennessee Bound" (1955).

Although never anything other than supporting players, the duo performed in several venues, including gigs on the nightclub circuit, as well as larger events including Rose Bowl. The twins also performed at countless USO shows at home and overseas, and worked with such entertainers as:  Lucille Ball, Dean Martin, Jerry Lewis, Andy Williams, Sammy Davis, Jr., Jimmy Durante, Bea Arthur, Rue McClanahan and Bob Newhart.

Biography

Early life
Marilyn and Rosalyn Borden were born in Hartford, Connecticut on May 29, 1932, to Harry (1906–1973) and Elizabeth Borden (1909–1995) and would be followed by a younger sister, Barbara, in 1945. Shortly after the birth of Barbara, Harry left the family.

The Borden Twins got into acting with the encouragement of their parents and as children worked with such famous actors including Bill Robinson. At age four, they performed on a local radio show with Ed Begley in their hometown of Hartford. As teenagers, their family moved to Los Angeles. In high school, they started doing network television. In 1951, they caught the eye of Gene Kelly who wanted to get them a part in Singin' in the Rain. They can only be seen as extras in large crowd scenes.

Career
The Twins would appear on several television shows including The Spike Jones Show and became regular performers on The Jimmy Durante Show. The twins soon began their association with Jimmy Durante that would span seven years, appearing on many of his TV shows and travelling in his nightclub act. Between their work with Durante, the twins played local nightclubs and travelled with the U.S.O. entertaining servicemen in Korea, Japan, and the Philippines.

Television

While appearing on an episode of The Ed Wynn Show the twins caught the attention of Lucille Ball, who promised them she would find a part for them on I Love Lucy. True to her word, Ball featured the twins in episode 112, "Tennessee Bound", in which they played the sheriff's daughters, 'Teensy' and Weensy', opposite Tennessee Ernie Ford.

The twins continued work on television and appeared on CHiPs, Maude, and The Ropers. In the 1970s and 1980s the twins worked on the San Francisco-based morning show A.M. San Francisco as fitness experts. Also in the 1980s they began work with Bob Newhart in his stage show in Las Vegas and Lake Tahoe.

Roz and Marilyn were last seen together on television on the 1998 All-Star Tribute to Aaron Spelling. They would continue to appear at Lucy conventions in California and Jamestown, New York, but they had gotten into the travel business and booked cruise tours on which they would perform.

Roz's death
Roz had been ill for several years, and the twins moved from the San Francisco Bay area to Modesto, California.

On May 29, 2002, the twins celebrated their 70th birthday, but Roz's health soon declined and she died of liver failure on January 23, 2003, at the age of 70. After her sister's death, Marilyn became a volunteer for the local community hospice, a position she retained for the next four years. In May 2003, Marilyn made her first trip without Roz to Jamestown for the annual "Loving Lucy Festival". She would return again in 2005.

Later years
After Roz's death, Marilyn started a solo career. She appeared in the Modesto Area Senior Spotlight Show, and in October 2006, Marilyn gave a concert from her home in Modesto, alongside her younger sister, San Francisco area musician Barbara Borden.

In March 2007 she put together a show called "The Senior Divas", and performed along with jazz singer Miss Delta and newcomer Shirley Hausner. Their first show on March 24, 2007, was to a sell out audience.

On May 18, 2007, Marilyn was re-united with her old boss Bob Newhart when she opened for him at his show in Turlock, California.

Marriage
Marilyn was married to Herman Theodore "Ted" Thiel Jr. from March 2, 1968, until his death on December 4, 2007.
The couple had no children together. But she did have a stepson Herman " Ted" Thiel III and 6 step grandchildren- Shawna Thiel, David Vargas, Lori Flores (Thiel), Naomi Thiel, Herman Thiel IV and Shelby Carr. Along with 13 great grandchildren.

Death
Marilyn Borden Thiel died of heart failure at 9:45 am on Wednesday, March 25, 2009, in Modesto, California, aged 76.

Television
 Four Star Revue (1 episode; 1952)
 The Spike Jones Show (two appearances)
 The Jimmy Durante Show (1955–1957 regular performer)
 I Love Lucy (episode 112 "Tennessee Bound" January 24, 1955 as Teensy)
 CHiPs ... Lottie Tidwell (1 episode, 1977)
 Maude ... Monica (1 episode, 1978)
 Apple Pie  ... Trudy Laskey (1 episode, 1978)
 The Ropers ... Hetty (1 episode, 1979)
 Lottery! ... Flora (1 episode, 1984)
 The Joan Rivers Show ... (as herself; 1989)
 Out of This World ... Buffalo Breath Twin (1 episode, 1990)
 All-Star Party for Aaron Spelling 1998 (as herself)


Xələfli

For the village in northern Jabrayil Rayon, see Khalafli.

Xələfli (also, Kalafli and Khalafli) is a village in the Jabrayil Rayon of Azerbaijan.


Huntersville Presbyterian Church

Huntersville Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church on CR 21 at WV 39 in Huntersville, Pocahontas County, West Virginia. It was built in 1854, and is a two-story, rectangular frame building, two bays wide and three bays deep. It features a three-story bell tower centered on the front facade and added in 1896. The second floor was added at the same time by Huntersville Masonic Lodge Number 65 for use as a lodge hall.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.


The Dublin Street Art Walking Tour & Graffiti Workshop is a walking tour through Dublin, Ireland taking in the cities magnificent graffiti and street art all along the way. The event ends with a live performance from a local graffiti artist and allows those attending the tour to create their own pieces with the supervision from the guide. The tour starts in Temple Bar, the heart of Dublin City and ends The Bernard Shaw for the graffiti workshop.

The Tour

The Dublin Street Art Walking Tour & Graffiti Workshop was created by a group of second year college students, studying Business and Arts Management, in Dún Laoghaire Institute of Art, Design and Technology.

The idea for this event was thought up by a group of students for an assignment for two of their lecturers. they came up with the idea to run a guided walking tour through the streets of Temple Bar to demonstrate Dublin’s street culture. This included buskers, performers and graffiti artwork. The tour was started in order to celebrate a side to Dublin that is lesser known to tourists, and even some locals, in contrast to the more mainstream attractions that Dublin city offers. They hoped that the event would help to convey the Irish culture as more than just the pub society it is traditionally generalised as.

References and Sources
 DCG. (2011). Graffiti in Dublin. Available: https://web.archive.org/web/20110416223151/http://dublincitygraffiti.com/Pages/MAIN/Home_Page.html.
 Independent Media Centre Ireland. (2001–2011). The Graffiti is on the Wall. Available: http://www.indymedia.ie/article/72958.
 Kelly, J. (2010). Graffiti as an Art Form. Available: http://www.artsz.org/graffiti-as-an-art-form

External links
 Dublin Street Art Walking Tour & Graffiti Workshop - Facebook Page


Hugh Facy

Hugh Facy (fl. 1618; surname also Facey, Facie, Facye or Facio), was an English composer from the Renaissance. He composed largely choral or keyboard pieces.

Life
Facy acted as an assistant to John Lugge, the organist at Exeter Cathedral and a secondary chorister. He possibly traveled abroad after his term at Exeter.

Music and influence
It is believed that Facy had Roman Catholic sympathies. Because of this, his pieces tended to be influenced by Italy. His pieces are theorized to be composed outside of England.

Works
 Ave Maris Stella - A keyboard piece. The only extant piece of the cantus firmus genre.
 Magnificat - Written in Latin instead of Facy's native tongue, English.


Richard Martinez (politician)

Richard C. Martinez (born March 7, 1953) is a Democratic member of the New Mexico Senate, representing the 5th District since 2001.

In March 2016, Martinez came under fire for a "racist Facebook post about Asian Americans." When asked about it by news media, Martinez reportedly refused to apologize. In June 2019 he was arrested and charged with DWI.


Sphecosoma semelina

Sphecosoma semelina is a moth in the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by E. Dukinfield Jones in 1914. It is found in Brazil.


Summerland, British Columbia

Summerland (2016 population 11,615) is a town on the west side of Okanagan Lake in the interior of British Columbia, Canada.  The district is between Peachland to the north and Penticton to the south. The largest centre in the region is Kelowna, approximately  to the north (via Highway 97), and Vancouver is approximately  away to the west. The district is famous for "Bottleneck drive", a system of roads connecting various wineries.

Electoral representatives
The current Mayor is Toni Boot. The district's (2016 federal) Member of Parliament is Dan Albas of the Conservative Party of Canada. Its member of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia is British Columbia Liberal Party member, Dan Ashton.

History
In 2006, the District of Summerland celebrated its centennial as an incorporated municipality in 1906, yet the history of settlement in the Summerland area extends beyond that time. Summerland's first inhabitants were the Syilx (Okanagan Salish), with the First Nations boundaries extending from Kamloops to southern Washington State. The area known as "Nicola Prairie" was notably named after the Grand Chief Nicola.

A published map of the Okanagan Valley in 1827 includes only three sites for the entire Okanagan Valley; Nicola Prairie; Lone Tree (north end of Summerland); and Sandy Cove (across the lake from present day Kelowna). Summerland's proud and diverse past includes hunting and fur trading, ranching, orchards and fruit industries, transportation hubs and more recently, tourism. Immigration to the Summerland area commenced in the late 1880s when the first settlers arrived and began diverting water to irrigate orchards. The first commercial orchard was planted in the 1890s in Trout Creek, where a water license was issued to irrigate .

The first settlement identified on maps of the Okanagan Valley was Priest Encampment located on the shores of Garnett Lake. Later development began on the shores of Okanagan Lake. The upper benches continued to be an important transportation route and a number of small communities were constructed or were planned for development. They included Upper Trout Creek, Balcomo, the Prairie Valley Townsite, Mineola and Appledale. In 1892 Upper Trout Creek was established.

Summerland's former name was Trout Creek. In the 1890s George Barclay operated the largest cattle ranch in Trout Creek. In 1902, Sir Thomas Shaughnessy bought the Barclay Ranch and formed Summerland; incorporation was not completed until 1906. By the 1920s the present location of downtown Summerland was developed and the earlier areas on the upper benches were not utilized or forgotten. Downtown Summerland (Siwash Flat) was originally part of the Penticton Indian Reserve No. 3 (exchanged between 1904–06 following a mutually agreeable land deal). The subject lands eventually became known as West Summerland.

Present day Lower Town was the original town site of Summerland. In the early 1900s the Summerland Development Company with Sir Thomas Shaughnessy (President) and J.M. Robinson (Manager) primarily responsible for the initial decisions on its development. From the Company, the community received water, septic tanks, electricity, a post office, a school and a sawmill. Settlers from across the prairies, eastern Canada and England were drawn to the Summerland area.

By 1907, Summerland had access to Peachland and Penticton with a well-established road system, and a ferry service connecting the community with the eastern shore of Okanagan Lake (Naramata). West Summerland (present day Downtown Summerland) experienced increased importance also in part due to a 1922 fire which destroyed many of the lakeside buildings in Lower Town.

Demographics
As of the 2016 Canadian Census the population was 11,615, a 3.0% increase from 2011. There was a total of 8,742 people in the population centre.

Education
Summerland's public school system is operated by School District 67 Okanagan Skaha which operates two elementary schools (Giants Head and Trout Creek), one middle school (Summerland Middle), and one secondary school Summerland Secondary School. Summerland has one private school (a Montessori school), after The Glenfir School shut down in March 2011.

Tourism
Summerland is popular because of its idyllic situation on Okanagan Lake and sandy beaches, a playground for three major Canadian population centres (Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton). Both tourism and tourist attractions are a significant industry. Agriculture, featuring fresh tree fruits (peaches, cherries, apricots, apples and pears), and canneries, were the economic engine of the region until the late 20th century. Stone fruit and apples are now produced mainly for the fresh market (local and export).  Over the past 20 years, Summerland has become home to several world-renowned wineries, and despite being in a semi-arid climate, has several golf courses. Summerland is also home to the historic Kettle Valley Steam Railway. The railway runs constantly, taking tourists on a trip around the Dale Meadows region of Summerland and further, eventually ending at the famous Trout Creek Trestle. Tourism Summerland guides visitors to Summerland attractions and events.

Wine
Summerland is home to one of Canada's largest wine industries. Many of Summerland's wineries are connected by the famed 'Bottleneck Drive.' Famed wineries include Giant Head, Thornhaven, Dirty Laundry, Sleeping Giant, SummerGate, Sumac Ridge, Heaven's Gate, SilkScarf, 8th Generation and Estate Thurn.

Sport

Summerland is the home of the Summerland Steam of the Kootenay International Junior Hockey League. The town also used to be the home of the Summerland Sting (2001–2009), and the Summerland Warriors (1999–2000), both of whom played in the same league. Previously the Summerland Buckaroos played in the British Columbia Hockey League from 1983–1988. Summerland is also home to the Summerland Minor Hockey Association (SMHA) known as the Summerland Jets.

Geography
Summerland is located within the Thompson-Okanagan Plateau ecoregion. This is one of the warmest and driest ecoregions in Canada. It is characterized by rolling plateaus and major valley systems of the Okanagan, Thompson and Nicola Rivers. The mean annual temperature of the major valleys is approximately  with a summer mean of  and a winter mean of ; however, winter months are often very temperate and cold weather usually lasts no more than a few weeks, while summer months often see drought with high daytime and cool night time temperatures. In the summer of 2003, a severe drought nearly rendered the town's reservoir incapable of ensuring a water supply through to the beginning of the next annual replenishment cycle. Since then, awareness of the real need for water conservation measures has begun to be taken seriously, and permanent water use restrictions are now in place.

The immediate ecosystem consists of grasslands in a matrix of bluebunch wheatgrass and sagebrush amongst scattered ponderosa pines. The region has a gently rolling surface covered mainly by glacial deposits. Summerland is home to an extinct volcano, known locally as Giant's Head Mountain – so-named for its gigantic facial profile as viewed from the southeast. This hill dominates the town's land features and provides an hour's hike to the top for an expansive view up and down the Okanagan Valley.

The range of representative wildlife around Summerland includes mule deer, Canada geese, California quail, ravens, coyotes, red wolves (half coyote, half wolf), blue grouse, bald eagles, and black widow spiders. The hills surrounding Summerland is the natural habitat for black bear, white-tailed deer, moose, cougars and bobcats, California big-horn sheep, mountain goats, and rattlesnakes.

Climate
Summerland has a humid continental climate with hot, dry summers and cool winters. Late fall and most of the winter see very little sunshine in Summerland, but Summerland gets more days with sunshine during the spring than any other place in Canada. The sun makes an appearance on average of 88.4 days each spring.

Because Summerland is located up on a natural bench, it stays relatively warm at night. By comparison, Penticton experiences colder nights as the cool air sinks down into the valley below. These warm nights in a dry climate means that Summerland has the lowest morning relative humidity in Canada from May through September.

International relations
Summerland serves as a sister city with Omak, Washington, a city in the United States, and Toyokoro, Hokkaido, a town in Japan.

Notable people
George Ryga – playwright and novelist
Nicole Dunsdon – Miss Canada 1992
Cynthia Kereluk – Miss Canada 1984
Justin Kripps – Bobsleigh
Kristi Richards – Freestyle skier
Dan O'Rourke – National Hockey League (NHL) referee


Mail and More Comets

The Mail and More Comets is a basketball team currently playing in the Philippine Basketball League and is owned by Lina Group of Companies

Current roster

Former players and coaches
 Doug Kramer
 Lawrence Chongson (coach)
 Macky Escalona
 JR Quinahan
 Ronjay Buenafe
 Jerby del Rosario
 Mike Bravo
 Elmer Espiritu

External links
Mail and More PBL website


The International Network for Quality Assurance Agencies in Higher Education (INQAAHE) is an International Quality Assurance body that works closely with National Accreditation bodies (Council for Higher Education Accreditation in USA, European Association for Quality Assurance in Higher Education in Europe) and academicians to control educational quality in around 140 countries. Established in 1991.


Especialmente Para Usted

Especialmente Para Usted is the second studio album by Mexican group Los Caminantes, released in 1983.

Track listing


Pseudopanurgus fraterculus

Pseudopanurgus fraterculus is a species of bee in the family Andrenidae. It is found in Central America and North America.

Subspecies
These two subspecies belong to the species Pseudopanurgus fraterculus:
 Pseudopanurgus fraterculus fraterculus
 Pseudopanurgus fraterculus timberlakei Cockerell, 1931


Two Smart People

Two Smart People is a 1946 American drama film directed by Jules Dassin and starring Lucille Ball and John Hodiak, Lloyd Nolan and Hugo Haas.

Plot
Ace Connors (John Hodiak) is a con man who has half a million dollars in bonds hidden in a cookbook. When he tries to sell a bogus oil investment to Dwight Chadwick (Lloyd Corrigan) at a Beverly Hills hotel, Dwight's attractive friend, Ricki Woodner (Lucille Ball), intervenes with a scam of her own.

Ace is about to go to prison for his part in the theft of the bonds. He arranges a deal to reduce his sentence by testifying, angering his former partner in crime, Fly Feletti (Elisha Cook, Jr.).

A cop, Bob Simms (Lloyd Nolan), is assigned to accompany Ace on the train from Los Angeles to New York. The passengers include Ricki, who is falling for Ace and wants to help, and Fly, who wants to  keep Ace from making it to New York.

Along the way, Ace and Ricki manage to get off the train in New Orleans to enjoy Mardi Gras together. When they do, Ace leaves the book at a costume shop, confident no one will notice it until he returns for it. During a romantic moment around midnight, Ace reveals to Ricki where he's hidden the bonds. Fly makes his move, but Simms is able to beat him to the draw. Ace fears that con artist Ricki has taken it on the lam with his dough, but she turns up, ready to wait for Ace till he's out of Sing Sing.

Cast
 Lucille Ball as Ricki Woodner
 John Hodiak as Ace Connors
 Lloyd Nolan as Bob Simms
 Hugo Haas as Seïnor Rodriquez, Dept. of Agriculture
 Lenore Ulric as Maria Ynez, Inn of the 4 Winds
 Elisha Cook, Jr. as Fly Feletti
 Lloyd Corrigan as Dwight Chadwick
 Vladimir Sokoloff as Monsieur Jacques Dufour
 David Cota as Jose
 Clarence Muse as Porter

Reception
The film earned $871,000 in the US and Canada and $328,000 elsewhere causing MGM a loss of $252,000.

Critical response
When the film was released the film critic for The New York Times panned the film writing, "Except for a lively and colorful series of Mardi Gras sequences in New Orleans, which are introduced quite late in the picture, Two Smart People is an otherwise dreadfully boring hodgepodge about love and the confidence racket ... John Hodiak and Lucille Ball are the principals and they are painfully defeated by the script at almost every turn. Lloyd Nolan as the patient sleuth fares a little better, however. But in addition to its pedestrian plot, Two Smart People also suffers from lack of competent direction."


Donald Serrell Thomas

Donald Serrell Thomas (born 18 July 1934) is an English author of (primarily) Victorian-era historical, crime and detective fiction, as well as books on factual crime and criminals, in particular several academic books on the history of crime in London. He has written a number of biographies, two volumes of poetry, and has also edited volumes of poetry by John Dryden and the Pre-Raphaelites.

Biography
Donald Thomas was born in Weston-super-Mare, Somerset on 18 July 1934. He was educated at Queen's College, Taunton, before completing his National Service in the Royal Air Force (1953-1955) and then going up to Balliol College, Oxford (1955-1958). He currently holds a personal chair as Professor Emeritus of English Literature at Cardiff University.

Early works
Thomas's earliest works seem to have been in the area of legal and historical fact, notably revised texts of Thomas Bayly Howell's collection of state trials, originally collected at the behest of William Cobbett and published between 1809 and 1826. Among his earliest forays into the world of fiction was Sergeant Verity and the Cracksman, 1974, published under the pseudonym Francis Selwyn. By the early 1980s, however, he had largely shed the Selwyn pseudonym (returning to it briefly in the late 1980s for some non-fiction works, and once in 2000, for another "Verity" novel), and began writing under his own name, Donald (S.) Thomas, switching from academic study and biography to Sherlockiana and crime fiction, all underpinned with his deep knowledge of the times and cultures of which he writes.

Biographies & fact
He has written a number of books, mostly novels, on a variety of subjects predominantly set in Victorian England. He has also written a small number of non-fiction works dealing with similar subjects/settings, among them a study of the Victorian underworld, and biographies of Robert Browning, the Marquis de Sade, Henry Fielding, and Lewis Carroll.

His 1978 (rev. ed. 2001) biography of Admiral Thomas Cochrane, 10th Earl of Dundonald highlights the characteristics of that individual which served in large part as inspiration both for C. S. Forester's Horatio Hornblower, and for Patrick O'Brian's Jack Aubrey. In 1994, his Hanged in Error? provided an overview/investigation as to the likely guilt of seven individuals all hanged in the UK before its abolition as a means of capital punishment in 1965. The book dealt with the cases of Timothy Evans, John Williams (alias George MacKay, hanged in 1913 for the fatal shooting of Inspector Arthur Walls in Eastbourne during a burglary attempt), Edith Thompson, Robert Hoolhouse, Neville Heath, Charles Jenkins (hanged in 1947 together with Christopher Geraghty for fatally shooting Alec de Antiquis following a botched London jewel robbery), and James Hanratty. (N.B. This is not the same as the similarly titled 1961 book Hanged in Error by Leslie Hale, which contains a different set of case histories.)

In academic circles, he is especially well known for his studies of the criminal underworld of London from Victorian times, through World War II to the Kray twins. He has written seven biographies and a handful of other biographical studies, as well as fictionalised biographies of individuals such as Bonnie Prince Charlie. His biography of Lewis Carroll is recommended by Representative Poetry Online, and his other biographical works can be found on many academic reading lists.

He has edited volumes of Everyman's Library on poets ranging from John Dryden to the Post-Romantics, and also offered a translation of Michel Millot and Jean L'Ange's bawdy 17th century novel L'École des filles, which is described as "both an uninhibited manual of sexual technique and an erotic masterpiece of the first order" on its back cover.

Fiction
In fiction terms, he is perhaps best known for his more recent works, in particular a series of Sherlock Holmes pastiches, beginning with 1997's The Secret Cases of Sherlock Holmes. He has also written a number of other titles, and three series featuring the main characters of:
Alfred Swain, an inspector of Scotland Yard.
Sonny Tarrant, a "gangland capo", and
Sgt. William Clarence Verity, a "Sergeant in Scotland Yard's 'Private Clothes Detail'" who investigates the Victorian criminal underground of London, c.1850.
(Verity was created under the pseudonym Francis Selwyn.) His other novels include The Raising of Lizzie Meek, "based on the scandals surrounding the Victorian miracle-worker Father Ignatius of Capel-y-ffin". Thomas is represented by Bill Hamilton of A.M. Heath & Company, Ltd.

Recent history
Having retired from Cardiff University, he remains affiliated there, as an Associate Research Professor in the School of English, Communication and Philosophy. In 2005, as Personal Chair in the School of English, Communication and Philosophy at Cardiff University, he "donated a selection of his personal archive of research papers, used in writing his series of acclaimed books on the Underworld in Victorian and World War II eras to the University [of Cardiff]'s Special Collections and Archives."

His most recent works include a study on censorship in modern Britain, reviewed as "provocative, timely and disturbing" by Iain Finlayson in The Times.

Awards and nominations

As a poet, Thomas won the Eric Gregory Award in 1962 for his collection Points of Contact.
His biography of Robert Browning A Life Within Life was a runner-up for the Whitbread Prize, and his Victorian Underworld was shortlisted for the Gold Dagger Award.

Partial bibliography

As Francis Selwyn

Fiction

Sgt. Verity
Sergeant Verity and the Imperial Diamond (André Deutsch 1975)
(Stein and Day 1976)
Sergeant Verity and the Cracksman (André Deutsch 1974)
(Futura 1975)
Cracksman on Velvet (Stein and Day 1974)
Sergeant Verity Presents His Compliments (André Deutsch 1977)
(Stein and Day 1977)
Sergeant Verity and the Blood Royal (André Deutsch 1979)
(Stein and Day 1979)
Sergeant Verity and the Swell Mob (André Deutsch 1980)
(Stein and Day 1981)
The Hangman's Child (Robert Hale 2000) Other?
Villa Rosa (Blue Moon/Lyle Stuart 1989)

Non-fiction
Hitler's Englishman: The Crime of Lord Haw-Haw (Routledge and Kegan Paul 1987)
(Penguin Books 1993)
Rotten to the Core?: The Life and Death of Neville Heath (Routledge and Kegan Paul 1988)
Gangland: The Case of Bentley and Craig (Routledge 1988)
Nothing But Revenge: The Case of Bentley And Craig (Penguin 1991)

As Donald (Serrell) Thomas

Poetry
Points of Contact: a collection of poems, 1958–1961 65pp. (Routledge and Kegan Paul 1963)
Welcome to the Grand Hotel 68pp. (Routledge and Kegan Paul 1975, 2006)

Fiction

Alfred Swain
Belladonna: A Lewis Carroll Nightmare (Macmillan 1984)
Mad Hatter Summer (Viking Press 1983)
Belladonna (Papermac 1988)
Jekyll, Alias Hyde: A Variation (Macmillan 1988)
 (St. Martin's Press 1988)
The Ripper's Apprentice (Macmillan 1986)
 (St. Martin's Press 1989)
The Arrest of Scotland Yard (Macmillan 1993)

Sonny Tarrant
Dancing in the Dark (Macmillan 1992)
 (St. Martin's Press 1994)
Red Flowers for Lady Blue (Macmillan 2000)
(Pan Books 2001)

Sherlock Holmes
The Secret Cases of Sherlock Holmes (Macmillan 1997)
Sherlock Holmes and the Running Noose (Macmillan 2001)  (UK edition of Sherlock Holmes and the Voice from the Crypt, see below)
Sherlock Holmes and the Voice from the Crypt (Carroll & Graf 2002)  (US edition of Sherlock Holmes and the Running Noose, see above)
The Execution of Sherlock Holmes (Pegasus 2007)
Sherlock Holmes and the King's Evil (Pegasus 2009)
Sherlock Holmes and the Ghosts of Bly (Pegasus 2010)
The Lost Casebooks of Sherlock Holmes (Pegasus 2012)
[Omnibus of The Secret Cases of Sherlock Holmes, Sherlock Holmes and the Voice from the Crypt, & The Execution of Sherlock Holmes)
Death on a Pale Horse: Sherlock Holmes on Her Majesty's Secret Service (Pegasus, March 2013)

Other
Summer in the Country (The Odyssey Press, 1968)
Prince Charlie's Bluff (Macmillan 1974)
Flight of the Eagle  (Macmillan 1975, 2006)
(Viking Press 1976)
The Blindfold Game  (André Deutsch 1981)
Captain Wunder (Viking Books/Penguin 1981)
The Day the Sun Rose Twice  (1985)
Honour among Thieves (Weidenfeld & Nicolson 1991)
Dead Giveaway (1993)
The Raising of Lizzie Meek (Robert Hale 1993)

Non-fiction & reference
 A Long Time Burning: The History of Literary Censorship in England (Praeger 1969)
State Trials, Vol. 1: Treason and libel, with Thomas Bayly Howell (Routledge & Kegan Paul 1972)
State Trials, Vol 2: The Public Conscience, with Thomas Bayly Howell (Routledge & Kegan Paul 1972)
Charge! hurrah! hurrah!: A Life of Cardigan of Balaclava (Viking Press 1975)
Cardigan: The Hero of Balaclava (Routledge & Kegan Paul 1987)
(rev. ed. Weidenfeld Military/Cassell Military/Viking Press 2002)
 Cochrane: Britannia's Sea Wolf (1975)
Cochrane: Britannia's Last Sea-King (Viking Press 1978)
The Marquis de Sade: A New Biography (New York Graphic Society 1976)
 (Little, Brown & Company 1977)
fr. Le Marquis de Sade (Seghers 1977)
de. Marquis de Sade: die grosse Biographie (Blanvalet 1978)
Swinburne, the Poet in his World (Weidenfeld and Nicolson 1979; OUP 1979)  ;
(Allison & Busby 1999)
(Häftad. Ivan R. Dee Publisher, 1999)
Robert Browning: A life within life (Weidenfeld and Nicolson 1982, 1989)  ;
(Viking Books 1983)
Henry Fielding (1988) (St. Martin's Press 1991)
Dead Giveaway: Murderers Avenged from the Grave (M. O'Mara Bks. 1993)
Hanged in Error? (Robert Hale 1994)
Lewis Carroll: A Portrait With Background (John Murray 1996)
(Barnes & Noble Books 1999)
 The Victorian Underworld, with Henry Mayhew (New York University Press 1998)
 An underworld at war : spivs, deserters, racketeers & civilians in the Second World War (John Murray, 2003)
The Enemy Within: Hucksters, Racketeers, Deserters, & Civilians During the Second World War (New York University Press 2004)
Villains' Paradise: A History of Britain's Post-War Underworld: From the spivs to the Krays (John Murray 2006)
(Pegasus 2006)
Freedom's Frontier: Censorship in Modern Britain (John Murray 2007)
*Naval Battles of Crete (André Deutsch)

As editor
Selected Poems by John Dryden (J.M. Dent/C.E. Tuttle Everyman's Library 1993)
The Everyman Book of Victorian Verse: The Pre-Raphaelites to the Nineties (J.M. Dent/C.E. Tuttle 1993)
The Everyman Book of Victorian Verse: The Post-Romantics (Routledge 1990, 1994)
(J.M. Dent/C.E. Tuttle 1994)

As translator
The School of Venus (orig: L'École des filles, ou la Philosophie des dames) by Michel Millot et Jean L'Ange (New American Library 1971)
(Panther 1972)


Renata Borgatti

Renata Borgatti  (March 2, 1894 – March 8, 1964) was an Italian classical musician, performing in Europe and the United States.

Early life
She was the daughter of the great Wagnerian tenor Giuseppe Borgatti (1871–1950), whose imposing career at Milan's  La Scala opera house was ended by blindness.  Trained initially as a ballerina, she abandoned dance to become a concert pianist, specialising in the works of Claude Debussy.

Relationships
A lesbian, she settled on the Mediterranean island of Capri in the early 1900s, where her lifestyle raised fewer eyebrows than elsewhere in Europe. In 1918, she entered into a lesbian affair with an Italian socialite (and baroness) Mimì Franchetti. The two remained together for just over a year, until Franchetti left Capri and linked with the prominent American artist Romaine Brooks.

Borgatti had an affair with Faith Compton Mackenzie, whose husband Compton Mackenzie wrote of the island's lesbian residents in the 1928 satirical roman à clef Extraordinary Women, about a group of lesbians arriving on the island of Sirene, a fictional version of Capri.

In 1920, Borgatti left Capri to pursue her career on the European mainland. She also began a romantic liaison with Brooks, who was by that time pursuing a relationship with the American writer Natalie Barney. Borgatti's affair with Brooks proceeded on and off for at least three years, but was curtailed when Brooks began avoiding her. During the early-1920s, she became intimately involved with Winnaretta Singer, heiress to the Singer sewing machine fortune.

Career
She performed on stage with the violinist Olga Rudge during this period. They worked frequently together, despite the presence of Rudge's lover, the famous poet Ezra Pound, who was then working as a music critic. Pound was not impressed by Borgatti's playing, describing it as "plonking". Like many musicians of the day, she disliked Pound, due mostly to the inconsistency in his assessments. Irrespective of Pound's disregard for Borgatti's musical talents, and her disregard for him, she and Rudge continued to play together for several years: it is likely that they simply shared the same musical tastes.

Borgatti later taught music, dying in Rome of leukemia in 1964.


Grant County High School

Grant County High School is a public high school serving the ninth through twelfth grades in Grant County, Kentucky, USA. It is one of seven schools and the only high school in the Grant County Schools district.

School information
The School was formed in 1954 as the result of the merger of the county's four previous high schools Corinth, Mason, Dry Ridge, and Crittenden. The current Grant County High School building was dedicated in 1998. The campus covers . Computer terminals are available in each classroom. Three computer labs are available for student use along with a media center with Internet access.

The student-teacher ratio is 18, which exceeds the state average of 15. Spending per pupil is $6,639, less than the state average of $7,639.

Grading scale

A = 93-100
B = 85-92
C = 75-84
D = 68-74
F = 0-67

Bell schedule

The GCHS schedule consist of five roughly 65 minute long class periods, along with a 25 minute enrichment time that is used for various prep courses depending on a students grades and test proficiency, the worthiness of this time is a source of debate for many students and faculty.

Extracurricular activities

Athletics

Archery
Baseball
Boys' basketball
Girls' basketball
Bass fishing
Cheerleading
Cross country
Football
Golf
Boys' soccer
Girls' soccer
Softball
Tennis
Track and field
Volleyball
Wrestling

Clubs and organizations
Students participate in several clubs and organizations, including:

Future Business Leaders of America (FBLA)
Future Farmers of America (FFA)
Future, Career, and Community Leaders of America (FCCLA) Formerly Future Homemakers of America (FHA)
National Honor Society (NHS)
National English Honor Society (NEHS)
Mu Alpha Theta
National Art Honor Society (NAHS)
Science National Honor Society (SNHS)
Junior Reserve Officers' Training Corps (JROTC)
Academic Team
Future Problem Solving (FPS)
Technology Student Association (TSA)
TSA Vex robotics
Skills USA
Heath Occupations Students of America (HOSA)
Fellowship of Christian Athletes (FCA)
Student Council
Pep Club
Band

Performance
The high school is accredited by Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. Over forty percent of the student population is classified as "Academic Achievers," who achieve at high levels, attend school regularly, and exhibit exemplary behavior.  There was once a program for the Academic Achievers, but that program has since been done away with. In 2006-2007 students took Advanced Placement (AP) examinations in 11 of the 37 course areas. As of the 2017-2018 school year, however, there are only 4 AP course available to the student. To some degree this is because of the administration encouraging dual credit college classes over AP.


Friedlander–Iwaniec theorem

In analytic number theory the Friedlander–Iwaniec theorem states that there are infinitely many prime numbers of the form . The first few such primes are

2, 5, 17, 37, 41, 97, 101, 137, 181, 197, 241, 257, 277, 281, 337, 401, 457, 577, 617, 641, 661, 677, 757, 769, 821, 857, 881, 977, … .

The difficulty in this statement lies in the very sparse nature of this sequence: the number of integers of the form  less than  is roughly of the order .

History
The theorem was proved in 1997 by John Friedlander and Henryk Iwaniec. Iwaniec was awarded the 2001 Ostrowski Prize in part for his contributions to this work.

Special case
When , the Friedlander–Iwaniec primes have the form , forming the set
2, 5, 17, 37, 101, 197, 257, 401, 577, 677, 1297, 1601, 2917, 3137, 4357, 5477, 7057, 8101, 8837, 12101, 13457, 14401, 15377, … .

It is conjectured  (one of Landau's problems) that this set is infinite. However, this is not implied by the Friedlander–Iwaniec theorem.


The Journal of Emergencies, Trauma, and Shock is a peer-reviewed open access medical journal published by Medknow Publications on behalf of the INDO-US Emergency and Trauma Collaborative. it covers all aspects of emergency medicine, emergency surgery, pre-hospital care, trauma, and shock. The journal was established in 2008 and the editors-in-chief are Kelly P O’Keefe (University of South Florida), Praveen Aggarwal (All India Institute of Medical Sciences), Tracy Sanson (University of South Florida), and L.R. Murmu (All India Institute of Medical Sciences).

The journal is abstracted and indexed in Abstracts on Hygiene and Communicable Diseases, EBSCO databases, EmCare, Expanded Academic ASAP, Global Health, ProQuest, PubMed Central, SafetyLit, and Scopus.

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 INDO-US Emergency & Trauma Collaborative