Charles E. Burchfield

Charles Ephraim Burchfield (April 9, 1893 – January 10, 1967) was an American painter and visionary artist, known for his passionate watercolors of nature scenes and townscapes. The largest collection of Burchfield's paintings, archives and journals are in the collection of the Burchfield Penney Art Center in Buffalo. His paintings are in the collections of many major museums in the USA and have been the subject of exhibitions at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Whitney Museum of American Art, the Hammer Museum, and the Museum of Modern Art, as well as other prominent institutions.

Life

Born in Ashtabula, Ohio, Burchfield was raised by his widowed mother in Salem, Ohio. Most of his early works were done at this house, where he lived from the ages of five to 28, and which has since been converted into a museum. While he did think of being a nature writer in high school, he eventually focused entirely on the visual aspect of his creativity, writing short descriptive pieces for the painting on the back of the mount. Stimulated by the nature descriptions of others, his preferred American writers were Thoreau and Willa Cather and later he developed a passion for reading works by Finnish writers describing nature.

Burchfield graduated from the Cleveland Institute of Art in 1916.  Later in life he acknowledged the profound effect on his own development by a teacher at the CIA, the artist Henry Keller. Keller led a generation of Ohio watercolor painters of the Cleveland School which included Burchfield.

On becoming engaged, Burchfield moved to Buffalo, New York in 1921, where he was employed as a designer at the H.M. Birge wallpaper company. The following year he married Bertha Kenreich in Greenford, Ohio. In 1928 with a fifth child on the way, he approached artist-gallerist Frank Rehn to see whether he could afford to paint full-time by selling through the Rehn gallery in New York. Though the decision to leave Birge preceded the Great Depression works continued to sell. In 1952, he was elected into the National Academy of Design as an Associate member, and became a full member in 1954.

In 1925, Burchfield had moved from Buffalo to the adjacent suburb of West Seneca, New York, spending the rest of his life in the rural neighborhood of Gardenville. He is buried in Oakwood Cemetery in the Village of East Aurora, New York.

Work

According to Burchfield's friend and colleague Edward Hopper, "The work of Charles Burchfield is most decidedly founded, not on art, but on life, and the life that he knows and loves best."
Burchfield has been more recently described as "the mystic, cryptic painter of transcendental landscapes, trees with telekinetic halos, and haunted houses emanating ectoplasmic auras." Jerry Saltz suggests his influences as van Gogh, Caspar David Friedrich, Marsden Hartley, John Marin, "calendar art, and Sunday painting." Like Hopper, he seemed to have left cubism out of the equation.

Process
Since its heyday in the nineteenth century, watercolor had remained a popular style but Burchfield was unique among his major contemporaries for working exclusively within the medium. Unlike most watercolorists, he stood at an easel. He applied his colors with a "dry brush" technique (very little water) on machine-made paper, often reworking the surface during the process or sometimes many years later.

Burchfield was an unflagging advocate for the virtues of watercolors, and chafed at the popular misconception of them as fragile and impermanent. He was aware that some fading and hue changes were likely to occur, but he believed that proper handling and display procedures would keep water-based artwork as vibrant as any other medium. Modern curators typically show watercolors like Burchfield's under reduced lighting and for shorter lengths of time than oil-based exhibitions.

Art periods
His work is usually divided into three periods comprising figuration, houses and small town scenes; and abstractions depicting moods (frequently morbid and fearful). Insect and frog sounds have their own calligraphic strokes, and cicada sounds are depicted with zigzag strokes radiating outward; flowers and houses seem to have faces, not always pleasant.

Early Work
Burchfield's style was largely developed by the summer of 1915, after his junior year at the Cleveland School of Art, as he sketched and painted constantly in and around Salem, OH, "gathering the materials for a lifetime," according to his journals. Exposed in school to modernist European trends, he developed an almost fauvist use of broad areas of simplified color, enlivened by delightful particularizations of nature, and in 1917, began combining visual motifs projecting human moods, often disturbing, into the pictures. Assigned to the camouflage unit in the Army in 1918, he even worked his designs into painting schemes disguising tanks and artificial hills. Biographers note his exposure to modernist trends and traditional Chinese painting while in art school but overlook that the hallucinatory quality in his work may be partly traced to an episode of nervous exhaustion in 1911 while a junior in high school. Determined to record all the area's flowering plants that spring, he stayed up late at night painting whole bouquets of the blooms and had a bout of what was referred to at the time as "brain fever," which might now be termed mania. He seems to have learned to use it as a source of energy and inspiration, and his school transcript records only three days' absence that semester. Painting constantly from 1915, even while working full-time in summer and after college, he sketched on walks to and from home at lunchtime and completed paintings based on them at night. Half of his lifetime output of paintings was produced while living in Salem from 1915 to 1917. The fact that so many paintings of this period were depictions of scenes visible from the windows of his boyhood home prompted Henry Adams, curator of drawings at the Cleveland Museum of Art, to call it "the most important house in American art history."

Middle Work
In his middle period, from 1919 until 1943, prompted partly by the need to provide financially for his new family with salable pictures for the New York art market, he depicted small-town and industrial scenes that put him in the category of the American Scene or Regionalist movement, and he was able to support himself through his painting from 1928, when he resigned his wallpaper design position at Birge & Co. in Buffalo, NY. These large paintings have a solid look unusual in watercolors, resembling oil paintings, and they are the works most often seen in art history texts. Though one critic commented that Burchfield was "Edward Hopper on a rainy day," a 1936 Life Magazine article named him one of America's 10 greatest painters.

Late Work
In his late period, from 1943 on, possibly facing a psychological crisis as he turned 50, he returned to the preoccupations of the early work, incorporating the painting skills he had mastered during his middle period (which he eventually saw as a "diversion" from his true path), and developed large, hallucinatory  renditions of nature captured in swirling strokes, heightened colors and exaggerated forms. In his writings he expressed an aim to depict an earlier era in the history of human consciousness when man saw gods and spirits in natural objects and forces, and art historian and critic John Canaday predicted in a 1966 review in The New York Times that the grandeur and power of these pictures would be Burchfield's enduring achievement.

Legacy

The Charles Burchfield Center at Buffalo State College was dedicated in his honor in 1966. It was renamed The Burchfield Art Center in 1983 with an expanded mission to support a multi-arts focus. Between 1991 and 1994, the museum received a series of gifts from Charles Rand Penney, Ph. D., of more than 1,300 works by Western New York artists. Included in that gift were 183 works by Charles E. Burchfield. In honor of such a substantial donation the museum was again renamed as The Burchfield Penney Art Center.

The Charles E. Burchfield Nature & Art Center in West Seneca, New York is named in his honor. Developed in 1999, the 29 acre art and nature center complex also contains wild and cultivated gardens, a large playground, nature trails, playgrounds and an outdoor amphitheater alongside the banks of the Buffalo Creek.

Of his current legacy, Saltz writes that "Consciously or not, recent painters like Peter Doig, Verne Dawson, Gregory Amenoff, Kurt Lightner, and Ellen Altfest are channeling bits of Burchfield's visionary vibe."

Museums containing Burchfield works
Amon Carter Museum, Fort Worth, Texas
Brauer Museum of Art, Valparaiso University
Burchfield Penney Art Center, Buffalo State College, Buffalo, New York. The Burchfield Penney Art Center holds the world's largest collection of Charles E. Burchfield paintings, studio objects and Burchfield memorabilia.
Butler Institute of American Art, Youngstown, Ohio
Carnegie Museum of Art, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland, Ohio
Columbus Museum of Art, Columbus, Ohio
Detroit Institute of Arts, Detroit, Michigan
Everson Museum of Art, Syracuse, New York
Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, San Francisco, California
Hunter Museum of American Art, Chattanooga, Tennessee
Lehigh University Art Galleries, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
Madison Museum of Contemporary Art, Madison, Wisconsin
Memphis Brooks Museum of Art, Memphis, Tennessee
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, New York
Minneapolis Institute of Art, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Munson-Williams-Proctor Arts Institute, Utica, New York
Museum of Modern Art, New York, New York
The Phillips Collection, Washington, D.C.
Reynolda House Museum of American Art, Winston-Salem, NC
Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, PA
Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum, Madrid, Spain
Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington, DC
Vero Beach Museum of Art, Vero Beach, Florida
Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, Richmond, Virginia
Wadsworth Atheneum, Hartford, Connecticut
Wellin Museum of Art (Hamilton College), Clinton, New York
Whitney Museum of American Art, New York, New York


Ophiogomphus bison

Ophiogomphus bison, the bison snaketail, is a species of clubtail in the dragonfly family Gomphidae. It is found in North America.

The IUCN conservation status of Ophiogomphus bison is "LC", least concern, with no immediate threat to the species' survival. The population is stable. The IUCN status was reviewed in 2017.


Asia Source

Asia Source was an event series that promoted and coordinated the use of free and open-source software (FOSS) in Asia. It took place three times:  the first event was hosted in Bangalore, India in 2005, the second in Sukabumi in West Java, Indonesia in January 2007. The third event was held in Silang, Cavite in the Philippines.

Asia Source gathered FOSS experts and advocates  from all over Asia, mostly IT professionals, trainers and FOSS practitioners from non-government organizations (NGOs), IT training institutes and small and medium enterprises (SMEs).

Organisers
The series of Asia Source events was organised by UNDP APDIP via International Open Source Network (IOSN), Inwent, Tactical Technology Collective, Aspiration, Hivos, ICT watch, IDRC and the Centre for Internet and Society, India. IOSN is an initiative of the UNDP Asia-Pacific Development Information Programme.

The Asia Source event series is based on the source camp template of the Tactical Technology Collective, an international nongovernmental organization that trains rights advocates to deploy information and communications technologies.

Goals
The goal of the event was to motivate and facilitate the adoption of open-source software as tools, and also as a mind-set and attitude that promotes the use of open-source software for communities to minimize the digital divide. This event aimed to build skills and networks amongst the professionals working at local level across Asia by providing a range of hands-on and practical sessions in the usage of FOSS.

Asia Source 2

Participants
The second event, Asia Source II, took place over nine days, with over 130 participants from 27 countries, including Iran, Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Mongolia, Egypt, England, United States of America, Canada, Australia, Netherlands, Germany, Poland, Greece, Malaysia, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, The Philippines, Timor Leste and Indonesia.

Participants were grouped into four tracks which are 1. Open publishing and broadcasting, 2. Alternative hardware and access, 3. Migrating to FOSS, and 4. Information management.

Camp structure
This event was a source camp style, in which the participants were gathered in a localized resort which include a main hall, track rooms and surrounded by bungalows. Each day started with a morning circle that assemble all participants in the main hall. Except for day one, the morning circle has report back sessions of the previous day training.

After the short morning circle the participants were separated according to their appointed track to follow the mandatory materials until noon.

After breaking for lunch, the afternoon continued with sessions contributed by the participants. Each participant was required to propose and schedule a short session describing his/her specialty or any related topic of interest. There were skill shares, lightning talks (speed geekings), or any other Birds of a Feather style sessions.

Each day ended up with a free evening of entertainment. There were cultural dances, movie night, karaoke night, game night and a special bazaar evening for the whole party.

Topics
Topics of the event included ease of use of FOSS, gender issue, and reach out with FOSS. More on social justice and civic rights issues like human rights, ethnic minorities, women/children, disabled, anti-corruption, public health and environment were also mentioned. A session on FOSS Disaster Management System was also presented by a team from Sri Lanka for solution in time of disasters.

Asia Source 3
Asia Source 3 gathered 150 representatives in Silang, Cavite in the Philippines from 7 to 12 November 2009 to discuss regional developments in open source. *

Asian countries represented in Asia Source 3 include Bangladesh, Burma, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Mongolia, Pakistan, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Timor Leste, Vietnam.

Legacy

Mekong ICT Camp, a version of Source Camp for Greater Mekong Subregion, is inspired by Asia Source, as described by its founder, Klaikong Vaidhyakarn, who attended Asia Source I and Asia Source II. The first Mekong ICT Camp was held in February 2008 at Pattaya city of Thailand. It was organized by Thai Fund Foundation with collaborations and supports from local and international partners, including Thai Volunteer Service and Kuala Lumpur-based Southeast Asian Center for e-Media., following Source Camps Replication Materials published by Tactical Tech Collective. Mekong ICT Camp is still actively organized by partners in the region. Mekong ICT Camp 2010 was held in Chiang Mai, 2013 in Cha-am, 2015 in Pattaya, and 2017 in Siem Reap.


Chism

Chism is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Cameron Chism (born 1990), American football player
Tina Gordon Chism, American screenwriter and film director
Tom Chism (born 1955), American baseball player
Wayne Chism (born 1987), American basketball player
Philip Chism (born 1999), American student, the killer of one Colleen Ritzer


Viktor Dragolov

Viktor Dragolov (; born 27 July 1988) is a Bulgarian footballer currently playing as a winger.

Career
Viktor Dragolov began playing football with Beroe Stara Zagora. He also played for Nesebar, Spartak Varna, Dobrudzha Dobrich, and Ethnikos Asteras.

External links

Onsports.gr profile


Stuart Slater

Stuart Ian Slater (born 27 March 1969 in Sudbury, Suffolk) is an English former professional footballer who played as a winger and forward from 1986 to 2009.

He notably played for West Ham United, Celtic, Ipswich Town, Leicester City and Watford, as well as representing England at under-21 and B level. Later on in his career he played for Carlton, Forest Green Rovers, Aberystwyth Town, Weston-super-Mare and Wivenhoe Town.

Club career

West Ham United
Slater joined West Ham as an apprentice in 1986 and after a tough first year, he became a star of the youth team. He made his first appearance for West Ham, still an apprentice, when he came on as substitute for Ray Stewart in the Division One home game against Derby County in October 1987. He was offered a professional contract in April 1988 just after his seventeenth birthday and made a second appearance in the 1987–88 season when he came on as substitute in the home game against Coventry City in the same month.

He made his first start for West Ham against Southampton in August 1988, when a clash of heads with Russell Osman led to him being taken off in the first minute. He recovered to win the Man of the Match award in his next two games, against Charlton and Newcastle United, and scored his first goal for the club in a F.A. Cup 5th round tie against Charlton in February 1989. Playing in Division Two in 1989–90, he scored nine goals in 50 league and cup appearances as West Ham reached the semi-final of the League Cup, and made three substitute appearances for the England Under 21 team in 1990.

Manager Billy Bonds switched him to the left wing towards the end of the 1989–90 season where he excelled to the extent that after a 5–0 home defeat of Sheffield United in March 1990, the Sheffield United defender, Chris Wilder, shook Slater's hand, saying, "That's the closest I've been to you all evening."  A similar performance came against Everton in the sixth-round of the FA Cup in March 1991, when he also scored West Ham's second goal from 20 yards, as West Ham won 2–1 to reach the semi-finals. West Ham returned to Division One in 1991–92 but, troubled by an Achilles injury, Slater failed to score a goal in 51 appearances. He turned down the offer of a new contract and left the club in August 1992 for Celtic.

Celtic
Former West Ham teammate, Liam Brady, then manager of Celtic, took Slater to Glasgow in a £1.5 million deal in August 1992. Slater made his debut in the same month, coming on as a substitute in a 1–1 away draw against Rangers, but did not make an impression at Celtic and thirteen months later he returned south to Ipswich Town, having scored three goals in 43 appearances.

Ipswich Town
He joined Ipswich Town in a £750,000 deal in September 1993, where he linked up again with his former manager at West Ham, John Lyall, in the Premier League. He stayed at Ipswich for three seasons scoring four goals in 84 appearances before leaving on a free transfer.

Later career
After a short spell on trial at Leicester City, Slater joined Watford. Injuries limited him to only 35 league appearances for the Watford in almost three years and he eventually moved to Australia, joining NSL club, Carlton S.C., in August 1999.

Slater returned to England a year later to join Football Conference club Forest Green Rovers in October 2000, for whom he made 24 league and cup appearances in the 2000–01 season and played in the FA Trophy final at Villa Park in May 2001, when Rovers were beaten 1–0 by Canvey Island.

He was unable to agree a new contract with Rovers and followed manager Frank Gregan to League of Wales side Aberystwyth Town in July 2001. Poor results in the first months of the 2001–02 season saw Frank Gregan depart and Slater follow him to Southern League club, Weston-super-Mare, in December 2001, where he stayed for the next three years, helping Weston-super-Mare to promotion to the Southern League Premier Division in 2003.

He played his final game for Weston-super-Mare in a 1–1 draw, in which he scored, at Bishop Stortford in October 2004. In January 2009, Slater joined Wivenhoe Town, managed by his former West Ham teammate, Julian Dicks, but never made an appearance for the team.

Career after football
Slater became football coach having achieved the UEFA 'B' licence and has been a coach/manager at the Youth Academy of West Ham United and remains a club ambassador at 1st team games to this day. He also has many years experience as a secondary school P.E. Teacher at Kings Langley School.

He now oversees a full-time squad of U19 Apprentices at Chelmsford City along with former Southend United and Colchester United player Kirk Game. The club has partnered Chelmsford College and formed a football programme called SOCA (Soccer Opportunities and Coaching Academy) that helps develop talented young footballers and coaches, giving them a chance to develop their skills at recognised clubs and organisations whilst also gaining top coaching and educational qualifications.

Sources


Automotive Navigation Data

AND Automotive Navigation Data (AND) is one of the few companies in the world supplying digital map data for GPS-based applications. After the take over of Navteq by Nokia and Tele Atlas by TomTom, AND is the last independent supplier of digital maps. The company originally focused on regions that Navteq and Tele Atlas did not cover, however it now covers Western European countries such as Germany and the Netherlands. Next to street level maps of Western Europe AND also offers a routable world base map and a geocoder map for the USA.  Besides maps for GPS-based applications the company offers maps for Geographic information system, Internet mapping, route planning, time-distance calculations and optimization studies.

AND Automotive Navigation Data wants to become the mapping alternative in the market in the [PND] (Personal Navigation Device), smart phone and online markets. The company is listed on NYSE Euronext Amsterdam.

History
AND was founded in 1984 by Hans Abbink and Eiko Dekkers. The chamber of commerce advised to use the 'n' to connect the first letter of the surnames of the founders to create the company name: AND.  The A, Hans Abbink, stepped down as member of the board of directors of AND in September 2000. Throughout the years the company had many subsidiary names such as AND International Publishers NV, AND Data Solutions, AND Publishes, etc.  The current trade name is AND Automotive Navigation Data and the company is listed using the name AND International Publishers.

AND International Publishers plc - an international electronic publishing group with registered office in Oxford, United Kingdom and headquarters in Rotterdam, the Netherlands- obtained an AIM listing on 30 July 1996, and an Amsterdam Exchanges listing on 12 December 1996.  On 10 November 1997 the companies announced its intention to become a Dutch Public company.  The listing on AIM was terminated in 1998 to be listed on the Amsterdam stock exchange. AND International Publishers N.V. shares started trading on 15 May 1998.

The end of the nineties AND International Publishers aimed to establish itself firmly at the forefront in providing content as well as skills for electronic publishing and advanced technology. AND concentrated its activities in the Netherlands, United Kingdom, Germany and the United States of America. AND production facilities were located in Ireland and India. The company specialized in four key areas:
development and maintenance of databases that model aspects of the world
development of its industry-leading compression and indexing technology to utilize these data models
electronic publications based on these data sets and technology
identification and classification


Nothing Worth Having Comes Easy

Nothing Worth Having Comes Easy is the second album by Sheffield band Little Man Tate released on 15 September 2008. It was released as a standard CD and a special enhanced version with exclusive video footage.

Track listing
All songs written by Jon Windle and Edward 'Maz' Marriott.
"Money Wheel"
"What Your Boyfriend Said"
"She Looked Like Audrey Hepburn"
"Shot at Politics"
"Hey Little Sweetie"
"Joined by an iPod"
"Face on a Wall"
"A Little Heart"
"Time for Anything"
"Back of the Pub Quiz"
"London Skies London Eyes"
"Shoulder to Sigh On"
"The Last Hurrah" (Bonus track)


FC Dynamo-2 Kyiv

FC Dynamo-2 Kyiv was the second football team of the Ukrainian football club Dynamo Kyiv based in Kyiv, Ukraine. The team was created in 1946, and the club ceased its operations after the 2015–16 season.

History

In 1965 there was created the second team of FC Dynamo Kyiv and replaced FC Temp Kiev (former FC Arsenal Kiev). It only competed for one season in the Ukrainian Class B football competitions of the Soviet Union.

In 1992 Dynamo-2 Kyiv was revived based on its double (reserve team) Dynamo-d Kiev which played in competition for reserves teams of the Soviet Top League. The new team was admitted to the 1992 Ukrainian First League.

In 2004 when there was created a separate competition for reserve teams of the Ukrainian Premier League, the team was preserved and continued to compete at a professional level in regular league competitions until 2016.

The team participated regularly in the Ukrainian First League, since it cannot be promoted to the Ukrainian Premier League, being a reserve team from the FC Dynamo Kyiv franchise. Like most tributary teams, the best players are sent up to the senior team, meanwhile developing other players for further call-ups.

Honors

Ukrainian First League:

Champions: 3
 1998–99
 1999–00
 2000–01

Runners Up: 2
 1996–97
 1997–98

League and cup history

Soviet Union
{|class="wikitable"
|-bgcolor="#efefef"
! Season
! Div.
! Pos.
! Pl.
! W
! D
! L
! GS
! GA
! P
!Domestic Cup
!colspan=2|Europe
!Notes
|-bgcolor=SteelBlue
|align=center font=white|1965
|align=center|3rd
|align=center|13
|align=center|30
|align=center|9
|align=center|5
|align=center|16
|align=center|31
|align=center|52
|align=center|23
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center bgcolor=pink|Zone 2, withdrew after the season
|}

Ukraine
{|class="wikitable"
|-bgcolor="#efefef"
! Season
! Div.
! Pos.
! Pl.
! W
! D
! L
! GS
! GA
! P
!Domestic Cup
!colspan=2|Europe
!Notes
|-bgcolor=PowderBlue
|align=center|1992
|align=center|2nd "A"
|align=center|7
|align=center|26
|align=center|9
|align=center|10
|align=center|7
|align=center|33
|align=center|23
|align=center|28
|align=center|Did not enter
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|-bgcolor=PowderBlue
|align=center|1992–93
|align=center|2nd
|align=center|15
|align=center|42
|align=center|10
|align=center|17
|align=center|15
|align=center|48
|align=center|39
|align=center|37
|align=center|1/16 finals
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|-bgcolor=PowderBlue
|align=center|1993–94
|align=center|2nd
|align=center|7
|align=center|38
|align=center|16
|align=center|8
|align=center|14
|align=center|50
|align=center|37
|align=center|40
|align=center|1/64 finals
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|-bgcolor=PowderBlue
|align=center|1994–95
|align=center|2nd
|align=center|7
|align=center|42
|align=center|19
|align=center|8
|align=center|15
|align=center|65
|align=center|40
|align=center|65
|align=center|1/16 finals
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|-bgcolor=PowderBlue
|align=center|1995–96
|align=center|2nd
|align=center|6
|align=center|42
|align=center|20
|align=center|12
|align=center|10
|align=center|64
|align=center|42
|align=center|72
|align=center|1/8 finals
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|-bgcolor=PowderBlue
|align=center|1996–97
|align=center|2nd
|align=center bgcolor=silver|2
|align=center|46
|align=center|29
|align=center|8
|align=center|9
|align=center|91
|align=center|33
|align=center|95
|align=center|1/16 finals
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|-bgcolor=PowderBlue
|align=center|1997–98
|align=center|2nd
|align=center bgcolor=silver|2
|align=center|42
|align=center|28
|align=center|9
|align=center|5
|align=center|90
|align=center|31
|align=center|93
|align=center|1/32 finals
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|-bgcolor=PowderBlue
|align=center|1998–99
|align=center|2nd
|align=center bgcolor=gold|1
|align=center|38
|align=center|27
|align=center|7
|align=center|4
|align=center|78
|align=center|27
|align=center|88
|align=center|1/64 finals
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|-bgcolor=PowderBlue
|align=center|1999-00
|align=center|2nd
|align=center bgcolor=gold|1
|align=center|34
|align=center|22
|align=center|7
|align=center|5
|align=center|75
|align=center|21
|align=center|73
|align=center|Did not enter
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|-bgcolor=PowderBlue
|align=center|2000–01
|align=center|2nd
|align=center bgcolor=gold|1
|align=center|34
|align=center|18
|align=center|14
|align=center|2
|align=center|61
|align=center|25
|align=center|68
|align=center|Did not enter
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|-bgcolor=PowderBlue
|align=center|2001–02
|align=center|2nd
|align=center|8
|align=center|34
|align=center|11
|align=center|14
|align=center|9
|align=center|42
|align=center|32
|align=center|47
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|-bgcolor=PowderBlue
|align=center|2002–03
|align=center|2nd
|align=center bgcolor=tan|3
|align=center|34
|align=center|18
|align=center|10
|align=center|6
|align=center|56
|align=center|28
|align=center|64
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|-bgcolor=PowderBlue
|align=center|2003–04
|align=center|2nd
|align=center|4
|align=center|34
|align=center|18
|align=center|5
|align=center|11
|align=center|65
|align=center|35
|align=center|59
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|-bgcolor=PowderBlue
|align=center|2004–05
|align=center|2nd
|align=center|4
|align=center|34
|align=center|16
|align=center|6
|align=center|12
|align=center|48
|align=center|33
|align=center|54
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|-bgcolor=PowderBlue
|align=center|2005–06
|align=center|2nd
|align=center|5
|align=center|34
|align=center|15
|align=center|7
|align=center|12
|align=center|51
|align=center|36
|align=center|52
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|-bgcolor=PowderBlue
|align=center|2006–07
|align=center|2nd
|align=center|6
|align=center|36
|align=center|17
|align=center|8
|align=center|11
|align=center|53
|align=center|37
|align=center|59
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|-bgcolor=PowderBlue
|align=center|2007–08
|align=center|2nd
|align=center|5
|align=center|38
|align=center|19
|align=center|6
|align=center|13
|align=center|64
|align=center|52
|align=center|63
|align=center|
|align=center|
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|-bgcolor=PowderBlue
|align=center|2008–09
|align=center|2nd
|align=center|8
|align=center|32
|align=center|11
|align=center|14
|align=center|7
|align=center|43
|align=center|42
|align=center|47
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|-bgcolor=PowderBlue
|align=center|2009–10
|align=center|2nd
|align=center|13
|align=center|34
|align=center|12
|align=center|5
|align=center|17
|align=center|35
|align=center|46
|align=center|41
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|-bgcolor=PowderBlue
|align=center|2010–11
|align=center|2nd
|align=center|8
|align=center|34
|align=center|15
|align=center|7
|align=center|12
|align=center|39
|align=center|35
|align=center|52
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|-bgcolor=PowderBlue
|align=center|2011–12
|align=center|2nd
|align=center|8
|align=center|34
|align=center|15
|align=center|5
|align=center|14
|align=center|39
|align=center|39
|align=center|50
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|-bgcolor=PowderBlue
|align=center|2012–13
|align=center|2nd
|align=center|15
|align=center|34
|align=center|8
|align=center|6
|align=center|20
|align=center|31
|align=center|55
|align=center|30
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|Won play-off
|-bgcolor=PowderBlue
|align=center|2013–14
|align=center|2nd
|align=center|14
|align=center|30
|align=center|8
|align=center|8
|align=center|14
|align=center|29
|align=center|30
|align=center|32
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|-bgcolor=PowderBlue
|align=center|2014–15
|align=center|2nd
|align=center|6
|align=center|30
|align=center|12
|align=center|8
|align=center|10
|align=center|35
|align=center|29
|align=center|44
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
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|-bgcolor=PowderBlue
|align=center|2015–16
|align=center|2nd
|align=center|11
|align=center|30
|align=center|9
|align=center|9
|align=center|12
|align=center|27
|align=center|34
|align=center|36
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center|
|align=center bgcolor=pink|Withdrew after the season
|}

Coaches

 Hennadiy Lytovchenko (2006 – 21 Dec 2010)
 Andriy Husin (21 Dec 2010 – 2 Jul 2013)

 Alyaksandr Khatskevich (2 Jul 2013 – 4 Dec 2014)
 Vadym Yevtushenko (15 Dec 2014 – Jun 2016)

Notes and references


Robert Bartnik

Robert Bartnik is an Australian mathematician based at Monash University, where he holds the position of Professor of Pure Mathematics.  He is known for his contribution to general relativity, particularly for demonstrating that the ADM mass of an asymptotically flat spacetime is a well-defined quantity.  He gained his bachelor's and master's degrees from Melbourne University and his PhD from Princeton University in 1983.  His dissertation subject was "Existence of Maximal Hypersurfaces".  His doctoral advisor was Shing-Tung Yau. In 2004 he was elected as a fellow of the Australian Academy of Science at which time it was noted He is perhaps best known for his work with John McKinnon on particle-like solutions of the Einstein Yang–Mills equation, but he has worked widely on applications of geometry and analysis to the study of spacetime structure.

He was a visiting scholar at the Institute for Advanced Study in 1980-81.


The International Piano Competition for Outstanding Amateurs (French: Concours des Grands Amateurs de Piano) is a piano competition for amateur pianists, held in Paris, France. It has been held annually since 1989. The competition is widely considered to be one of the top-level competitions for amateur musicians in the world.

Concept

Created in 1989 by Gérard Bekerman, professor of economics at the university and a graduate of the Paris School of Music, the International Piano Competition for Outstanding Amateurs is designed for top-level amateurs. They come from all walks of life – doctors, office workers, lawyers, students, pensioners, engineers, and many others. The contestant's minimum age is 18; there is no upper age limit.

The competition has met with considerable success over the years, attracting hundreds of candidates from more than 50 countries worldwide. One of the basic principles of the competition is the free choice of programme. There are no set pieces. The aim is not to limit the candidates, but to discover the works of musicians of their own choosing. Gérard Bekerman, the founder of the competition, claims that in Paris, the desire to "win" is outweighed by the love of music: "Pianists discover that the Competition for Outstanding Amateurs is not a competition but an 'anti-competition'. There are no opponents, no competitors, no judges, just music lovers".

The competition is held in three rounds:

 Preliminaries: candidate’s choice (10 minutes)
 Semi-finals: a work by Bach and a romantic composition (15 minutes)
 Finals: free program (30 minutes)

Ten to twelve semi-finalists and five or six finalists are selected each year.

Level

The originality of the competition lies in the fact that the competitors are not amateurs in the sense of "dabblers", but pianists, "who don’t just play the piano", musicians who, at some time in their lives, have had to make a choice, often a difficult one, between their profession and their potential career as a concert performer, the choice between making a living and their love of music.

As a result, the quality of the performance is very high. Many of the amateurs are real virtuosi; pianists often choose technically tough pieces by Liszt, Chopin or Rachmaninoff for their repertoire.

The winners have been invited to play with orchestral backing in the Sorbonne in Paris, under the baton of Georges Prêtre and the American conductor George Pehlivanian and, more recently, with the Symphony Orchestra of the Republican Guard of Paris directed by François Boulanger and the orchestra of the Paris Conservatorium of Music conducted by Pierre-Michel Durand. Many award winners have been invited to play at the Les Amateurs Virtuoses! festival, one of the most significant festivals for amateur pianists held all over the world.

Jury

Each year, the panel of judges consists of well-known pianists and key personalities: Idil Biret, Geneviève Joy-Dutilleux, Anne Queffelec, Sabine Lacoarret, Germaine Devèze, François-René Dûchable, Marc Laforet, Aldo Ciccolini, Michel Dalberto, Jay Gottlieb, Alexis Weissenberg, Marc-Olivier Dupin, Éric Heidsieck, Jean-Claude Pennetier, Dominique Merlet, Siheng Song, Michel Beroff, Nella Rubinstein and so on.

A second "press panel" consists of more than twenty music critics representing both the main European dailies and the national and international media.

Finally, there is an "audience award" which is given to the amateur pianist who has the most votes from the audience, collected at the final round of the competition.

Prize winners

External links
 Official International Piano Competition for Outstanding Amateurs website
 25ème Concours des Grands Amateurs de piano - Parlons Piano
 Mikhail Dubov (Press award 2014) in the final round of the 25th competition
 Interview with Ricker Choi, award winner at the 23rd competition


Namtsy

Namtsy (; ) is a rural locality (a selo), the administrative center of Namsky District and the only inhabited locality, as well as the administrative center, of Lensky Rural Okrug of Namsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 8,890, up from 8,249 recorded during the 2002 Census.


Jan Charisius

Jan Charisius (30 September 1926 – 3 July 2008) was a Dutch speed skater. He competed in the men's 500 metres event at the 1952 Winter Olympics.


Atanasio Girardot

Manuel Atanasio Girardot Díaz (2 May 1791 – 30 September 1813) was a Colombian revolutionary leader.
Son of Louis Girardot, wealthy merchant and French miner, Girardot fought with Simón Bolívar in the Campaña Admirable and other battles. He died during the Battle of Bárbula, trying to plant the republican flag on Bárbula Hill.

Legacy
Various places have been named in tribute to him:

 Girardot, Cundinamarca, Colombia
 Girardot Municipality, Aragua, Venezuela
 Atanasio Girardot Sports Complex in Medellin


It Won't Be Long (Alison Moyet song)

"It Won't Be Long" is a song by the British singer-songwriter Alison Moyet, released in 1991 as the lead single from her third studio album Hoodoo. It was written by Moyet and Pete Glenister, and produced by Glenister.

A music video was filmed to promote the single, while Moyet also performed the song on the Terry Wogan show.

Background
Having recording her second studio album Raindancing while living in Los Angeles, Moyet returned to live in England after completing a world tour. Moyet's record company, CBS, wanted her to continue producing pop hits but this left the singer feeling artistically compromised and under pressure to deliver. During the period after returning to England, Moyet began a songwriting partnership with Pete Glenister, who had been Moyet's guitarist for part of the Raindancing tour. Keen to have more artistic freedom, she suggested to CBS that Glenister should produce her. Muff Winwood of the label's A&R division granted Moyet permission to record the album she wanted to, with Hoodoo being released in April 1991.

Preceding the album in March was the lead single "It Won't Be Long". Although it gained airplay on radio, "It Won't Be Long" failed to enter the UK Top 40, reaching No. 50. It remained in the Top 100 for four weeks. In the States, it reached No. 29 on the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks Chart. Despite its limited commercial success, the song saw Moyet awarded a Grammy nomination for Best Female Rock Vocal Performance in 1993.

In a 1991 interview with the Liverpool Echo, Moyet described "It Won't Be Long" as "basically a song about getting older". She added: "When you're young, you can go into things with an open mind. As you get older and experience all sorts of situations, you pick up all sorts of emotional luggage that you carry with you." On her official website, she has cited the song as one of her favourites from Hoodoo.

Release
"It Won't Be Long" was released by Columbia on 7" vinyl, 12" vinyl, cassette and CD. It was released in the UK and across Europe, as well as Australia. In the States, it was released as a promotional CD single only. The 7" vinyl's B-side, "My Right A.R.M.", was taken from the Hoodoo album. The "A.R.M" in the song's title resembles the initials of Moyet's oldest daughter. A second B-side, "Take of Me", appeared on the 12" vinyl and CD versions of the single. The song was later included as an album track on Moyet's 1994 album Essex.

Critical reception
Upon release, Billboard said: "Why Moyet is not yet a major star in the U.S. remains a mystery - especially given modern pop gems like this one from her overlooked Hoodoo set. EMF/Jesus Jones-like hip-hop beats are complemented by jangly guitars, a funk-flavored bass line, and Moyet's incomparable vocals. Radio programmers, please take note." Chesney Hawkes, guest reviewing for Smash Hits, commented: "This sounds exactly like a Beatles' tune, doesn't it? I don't think it'll be a hit. I really liked her version of "Love Letters", but this isn't very good at all." Tonia Macari of Aberdeen Evening Express noted: "It sounds like Alison Moyet has spent her last four years polishing up her Dusty impersonations as "It Won't Be Long" lends a lot to the mood of the white-lipsticked Sixties."

In a review of Hoodoo, Rolling Stone stated: "...best of all, the pop numbers never pander; whether playing off melodic momentum like "It Won't Be Long" or riding the rhythm as "Footsteps" does, Moyet is irresistible." The Greyhound (Loyola University Maryland) described the song as "Beatlesque pop". Tom Demalon of AllMusic stated: "She hasn't lost her knack for breezy, adult pop, evident on the lilting, melodic "Wishing You Were Here" and "It Won't Be Long"." Adrian Janes of Penny Black Music noted that the guitar motif of "It Won't Be Long" evokes The Beatles.

Formats
7" single
"It Won't Be Long" - 3:56
"My Right A.R.M." - 4:45

12" single
"It Won't Be Long" - 4:22
"My Right A.R.M." - 4:45
"Take of Me" - 4:00

Cassette single
"It Won't Be Long" - 3:56
"My Right A.R.M." - 4:45

CD single
"It Won't Be Long" - 4:22
"My Right A.R.M." - 4:45
"Take of Me" - 4:00

CD single (European mini-single)
"It Won't Be Long" - 3:56
"My Right A.R.M." - 4:45

CD single (American promo)
"It Won't Be Long (Edit)" - 3:43
"It Won't Be Long (Album Version)" - 4:14

Chart performance

Personnel
Alison Moyet - lead vocals, backing vocals, backing vocal arrangement
Pete Glenister - guitar on "It Won't Be Long" and "My Right A.R.M."
Bob Andrews – keyboards on "It Won't Be Long"
John McKenzie - bass on "It Won't Be Long"
Blair Cunningham – drums on "It Won't Be Long"
Steve Sidelnyk - percussion
Simon Fowler, Steve Cradock - backing vocals on "It Won't Be Long"

Production
Pete Glenister - producer, programming on "My Right A.R.M."
Steve Lillywhite - mixing on "It Won't Be Long"
Neil Brockbank - engineer on "It Won't Be Long" and "Take of Me", additional engineer on "My Right A.R.M."
Alison Moyet - programming on "My Right A.R.M."
Phil Legg - engineering, mixing and programming on "My Right A.R.M.", mixing on "Take of Me"

Other
Juergen Teller - photography
DKB - design


Synthetic molecular motor

Synthetic molecular motors are molecular machines capable of continuous directional rotation under an energy input. Although the term "molecular motor" has traditionally referred to a naturally occurring protein that induces motion (via protein dynamics), some groups also use the term when referring to non-biological, non-peptide synthetic motors. Many chemists are pursuing the synthesis of such molecular motors.

The basic requirements for a synthetic motor are repetitive 360° motion, the consumption of energy and unidirectional rotation. The first two efforts in this direction, the chemically driven motor by Dr. T. Ross Kelly of Boston College with co-workers and the light-driven motor by Feringa and co-workers, were published in 1999 in the same issue of Nature.

Chemically driven rotary molecular motors
An example of a prototype for a synthetic chemically driven rotary molecular motor was reported by Kelly and co-workers in 1999. Their system is made up from a three-bladed triptycene rotor and a helicene, and is capable of performing a unidirectional 120° rotation.

This rotation takes place in five steps. The amine group present on the triptycene moiety is converted to an isocyanate group by condensation with phosgene (a). Thermal or spontaneous rotation around the central bond then brings the isocyanate group in proximity of the hydroxyl group located on the helicene moiety (b), thereby allowing these two groups to react with each other (c). This reaction irreversibly traps the system as a strained cyclic urethane that is higher in energy and thus energetically closer to the rotational energy barrier than the original state. Further rotation of the triptycene moiety therefore requires only a relatively small amount of thermal activation in order to overcome this barrier, thereby releasing the strain (d). Finally, cleavage of the urethane group restores the amine and alcohol functionalities of the molecule (e).

The result of this sequence of events is a unidirectional 120° rotation of the triptycene moiety with respect to the helicene moiety. Additional forward or backward rotation of the triptycene rotor is inhibited by the helicene moiety, which serves a function similar to that of the pawl of a ratchet. The unidirectionality of the system is a result from both the asymmetric skew of the helicene moiety as well as the strain of the cyclic urethane which is formed in c. This strain can be only be lowered by the clockwise rotation of the triptycene rotor in d, as both counterclockwise rotation as well as the inverse process of d are energetically unfavorable. In this respect the preference for the rotation direction is determined by both the positions of the functional groups and the shape of the helicene and is thus built into the design of the molecule instead of dictated by external factors.

The motor by Kelly and co-workers is an elegant example of how chemical energy can be used to induce controlled, unidirectional rotational motion, a process which resembles the consumption of ATP in organisms in order to fuel numerous processes. However, it does suffer from a serious drawback: the sequence of events that leads to 120° rotation is not repeatable. Kelly and co-workers have therefore searched for ways to extend the system so that this sequence can be carried out repeatedly. Unfortunately, their attempts to accomplish this objective have not been successful and currently the project has been abandoned. In 2016 David Leigh's group invented the first autonomous chemically-fuelled synthetic molecular motor.

Some other examples of synthetic chemically driven rotary molecular motors that all operate by sequential addition of reagents have been reported, including the use of the stereoselective ring opening of a racemic biaryl lactone by the use of chiral reagents, which results in a directed 90° rotation of one aryl with respect to the other aryl. Branchaud and co-workers have reported that this approach, followed by an additional ring closing step, can be used to accomplish a non-repeatable 180° rotation. Feringa and co-workers used this approach in their design of a molecule that can repeatably perform 360° rotation. The full rotation of this molecular motor takes place in four stages. In stages A and C rotation of the aryl moiety is restricted, although helix inversion is possible. In stages B and D the aryl can rotate with respect to the naphthalene with steric interactions preventing the aryl from passing the naphthalene. The rotary cycle consists of four chemically induced steps which realize the conversion of one stage into the next. Steps 1 and 3 are asymmetric ring opening reactions which make use of a chiral reagent in order to control the direction of the rotation of the aryl. Steps 2 and 4 consist of the deprotection of the phenol, followed by regioselective ring formation.

Light-driven rotary molecular motors

In 1999 the laboratory of Prof. Dr. Ben L. Feringa at the University of Groningen, The Netherlands, reported the creation of a unidirectional molecular rotor. Their 360° molecular motor system consists of a bis-helicene connected by an alkene double bond displaying axial chirality and having two stereocenters.

One cycle of unidirectional rotation takes 4 reaction steps. The first step is a low temperature endothermic photoisomerization of the trans (P,P) isomer 1 to the cis (M,M) 2 where P stands for the right-handed helix and M for the left-handed helix. In this process, the two axial methyl groups are converted into two less sterically favorable equatorial methyl groups.

By increasing the temperature to 20 °C these methyl groups convert back exothermally to the (P,P) cis axial groups (3) in a helix inversion. Because the axial isomer is more stable than the equatorial isomer, reverse rotation is blocked. A second photoisomerization converts (P,P) cis 3 into (M,M) trans 4, again with accompanying formation of sterically unfavorable equatorial methyl groups. A thermal isomerization process at 60 °C closes the 360° cycle back to the axial positions.

A major hurdle to overcome is the long reaction time for complete rotation in these systems, which does not compare to rotation speeds displayed by motor proteins in biological systems. In the fastest system to date, with a fluorene lower half, the half-life of the thermal helix inversion is 0.005 seconds. This compound is synthesized using the Barton-Kellogg reaction.  In this molecule the slowest step in its rotation, the thermally induced helix-inversion, is believed to proceed much more quickly because the larger tert-butyl group makes the unstable isomer even less stable than when the methyl group is used. This is because the unstable isomer is more destabilized than the transition state that leads to helix-inversion. The different behaviour of the two molecules is illustrated by the fact that the half-life time for the compound with a methyl group instead of a tert-butyl group is 3.2 minutes.

The Feringa principle has been incorporated into a prototype nanocar. The car synthesized has a helicene-derived engine with an oligo (phenylene ethynylene) chassis and four carborane wheels and is expected to be able to move on a solid surface with scanning tunneling microscopy monitoring, although so far this has not been observed. The motor does not perform with fullerene wheels because they quench the photochemistry of the motor moiety. Feringa motors have also been shown to remain operable when chemically attached to solid surfaces.  The ability of certain Feringa systems to act as an asymmetric catalyst has also been demonstrated.

In 2016, Feringa was awarded a Nobel prize for his work on molecular motors.

Experimental demonstration of a single-molecule electric motor

A single-molecule electrically operated motor made from a single molecule of n-butyl methyl sulfide (C5H12S) has been reported. The molecule is adsorbed onto a copper (111) single-crystal piece by chemisorption.


Toghli Sadat

Toghli Sadat (, also Romanized as Ţoghlī Sādāt; also known as Toqlī Sādāt) is a village in Howmeh-ye Gharbi Rural District, in the Central District of Ramhormoz County, Khuzestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 245, in 41 families.


Perischizon

Perischizon is a genus of fungi in the family Parmulariaceae.


2003 Tampa mayoral election

The 2003 Tampa Mayoral Election was held to elect the mayor of Tampa, Florida. Because no candidate received a majority of the vote, a runoff was held between the top-two finishers of the initial round. The election was won by Pam Iorio.

Results

First round

Runoff


FC Nikol Tallinn

Nikol Tallinn is a defunct Estonian football club. The club was formed in 1992 on the base of TVMK Tallinn (known as TVMV Tallinn at the time). The club existed for two years and served as a prototype for the creation  of Lantana Tallinn two years later.

Achievements
Estonian Cup: (1)
1992–93

Nikol Tallinn in Estonian Football

Nikol Tallinn in Europe
 1Q = First Qualifying Round
 2Q = Second Qualifying Round

Nikol Tallinn
Nikol Tallinn
Nikol Tallinn


Trypeta aequalis

Trypeta aequalis is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Trypeta of the family Tephritidae.


Jim Carroll

James Dennis Carroll (August 1, 1949 – September 11, 2009) was an American author, poet, autobiographer, and punk musician. Carroll was best known for his 1978 autobiographical work The Basketball Diaries; the book inspired a 1995 film of the same title that starred Leonardo DiCaprio as Carroll.

Early life
Carroll was born to a working-class family of Irish descent, and grew up in New York City's Lower East Side. When he was about 11 (in the sixth grade) his family moved north to Inwood in Upper Manhattan. He was taught by the LaSalle Christian Brothers. In fall 1963, he entered public school, but was soon awarded a scholarship to the elite Trinity School. He attended Trinity from 1964 to 1968.

Carroll was a basketball star in high school, but also developed an addiction to heroin. He financed his drug habit by engaging in prostitution in the vicinity of 53rd Street and Third Avenue in Manhattan. Carroll briefly attended Wagner College and Columbia University. He dated Patti Smith.

Career
Carroll identified Rainer Maria Rilke, Frank O'Hara, John Ashbery, James Schuyler, Allen Ginsberg, and William S. Burroughs as influences on his artistic career.

Writing
While still in high school, Carroll published his first collection of poems, Organic Trains. Already attracting the attention of the local literati, his work began appearing in the Poetry Project's magazine The World in 1967. Soon his work was being published in elite literary magazines like Paris Review in 1968, and Poetry the following year. In 1970, his second collection of poems, 4 Ups and 1 Down was published, and he started working for Andy Warhol. At first, he was writing film dialogue and inventing character names; later on, Carroll worked as the co-manager of Warhol's Theater. Carroll's first publication by a mainstream publisher (Grossman Publishers), the poetry collection Living at the Movies, was published in 1973.

In 1978, Carroll published The Basketball Diaries, an autobiographical book concerning his life as a teenager in New York City's hard drug culture. Diaries is an edited collection of the diaries he kept during his high school years; it details his sexual experiences, his high school basketball career, and his addiction to heroin.

In 1987, Carroll wrote a second memoir, Forced Entries: The Downtown Diaries 1971–1973, continuing his autobiography into his early adulthood in the New York City music and art scene as well as his struggle to kick his drug habit.

After working as a musician, Carroll returned to writing full-time in the mid-1980s and began to appear regularly on the spoken-word circuit.  Starting in 1991, Carroll performed readings from his then-in-progress first novel, The Petting Zoo.

In 1995, Canadian filmmaker John L'Ecuyer adapted "Curtis's Charm", a short story from Carroll's 1993 book Fear of Dreaming, into the film Curtis's Charm.

Music
In 1978, after he moved to California to get a fresh start since overcoming his heroin addiction, Carroll formed The Jim Carroll Band, a new wave/punk rock group, with encouragement from Patti Smith, with whom he once shared an apartment in New York City, along with Robert Mapplethorpe. He performed a spoken word piece with the Patti Smith Group in San Diego when the support band dropped out at the last moment. The band was originally called Amsterdam, where they originally formed and were based in Bolinas, California. The musicians were Steve Linsley (bass), Wayne Woods (drums), Brian Linsley and Terrell Winn (guitars).

The Jim Carroll Band released a single, "People Who Died", from their 1980 debut album, Catholic Boy. The album featured contributions from Allen Lanier and Bobby Keys. "People Who Died" was used in the 1985 Kim Richards film Tuff Turf starring James Spader and Robert Downey Jr., which also featured a cameo appearance by the band. It was also used in 2004's Dawn of the Dead, and in the 2015 episode "eps1.9_zer0-day.avi" in Season 1 of Mr. Robot. It was featured in the 1995 film The Basketball Diaries (based on Carroll's autobiography), and was covered by John Cale on his Antártida soundtrack. The song also was covered by the super group Hollywood Vampires on its album "Rise," with vocals by Johnny Depp. The song's title was based on a poem by Ted Berrigan. Later albums were Dry Dreams (1982) and I Write Your Name (1983), both with contributions from Lenny Kaye and Paul Sanchez (guitar). Carroll also collaborated with musicians Lou Reed, Blue Öyster Cult, Boz Scaggs, Ray Manzarek of The Doors, Pearl Jam, Electric Light Orchestra and Rancid.

Personal life and death
Carroll became sober in the 1970s. After moving to California, he met
Rosemary Klemfuss; the couple married in 1978. The marriage ended in divorce, but the two remained friends.

Carroll died of a heart attack at his Manhattan home on September 11, 2009, at the age of 60. At the time of his death, he was in ill health due to pneumonia and hepatitis C. He was reportedly working at his desk when he died. His funeral Mass was held at Our Lady of Pompeii Roman Catholic Church on Carmine St. in Greenwich Village.

Books

Poetry
Organic Trains (1967)
4 Ups and 1 Down (1970)
Living at the Movies (1973)
The Book of Nods (1986)
Fear of Dreaming (1993)
Void of Course: Poems 1994–1997 (1998)
8 Fragments of Kurt Cobain (1994)

Prose
The Basketball Diaries (memoir) (1978)
Forced Entries: The Downtown Diaries 1971–1973 (memoir) (1987)
The Petting Zoo (novel) (2010; published posthumously)

Discography

Albums
Catholic Boy (1980)
Live Dreams (1981)
Dry Dreams (1982)
I Write Your Name (1983)
A World Without Gravity: Best of The Jim Carroll Band (1993)
Pools of Mercury (1998)  (2012 Digital Download)
Runaway EP (2000)

Spoken word
Praying Mantis (1991)  (2008 Digipak reissue)
The Basketball Diaries (1994)
Pools of Mercury (1998)

Collaborations
Live at Max's Kansas City, The Velvet Underground (1972)
Club Ninja, Blue Öyster Cult (1985)
Mistrial, Lou Reed (1986)
Other Roads, Boz Scaggs (1988)
Between Thought and Expression: The Lou Reed Anthology, Lou Reed (1992)
...And Out Come the Wolves, Rancid (1995)
Catholic Boy, Pearl Jam (1995)
Feeling You Up, Truly (1997)
Yes I Ram, Jon Tiven Group (1999)

Compilations and soundtracks
The Dial-a-Poem Poets (1972)
Disconnected (1974)
The Nova Convention (1979), with a once-only Frank Zappa performance
One World Poetry (1981)
Better an Old Demon than a New God (1984)
Tuff Turf soundtrack (1985)
Release #8 - 1993 (1993)
Back to the Streets: Celebrating the Music of Don Covay (1993)
Sedated in the Eighties (1993)
New Wave Dance Hits: Just Can't Get Enough, Vol. 6 (1994)
The Basketball Diaries (soundtrack) (1995)
Put Your Tongue to the Rail: The Philly Comp for Catholic Children (Songs of the Jim Carroll Band) (1999)
WBCN Naked 2000 (1999)
Dawn of the Dead (2004)
The Darwin Awards (2005)


Otiophora

Otiophora is the scientific name for two genera of organisms and may refer to:

Otiophora (moth), a genus of moths in the family Crambidae
Otiophora (plant), a genus of plants in the family Rubiaceae


Sousan Azadi

Sousan Azadi (born 1954) is the author, with Angela Ferrante, of the 1987 memoir Out of Iran, which was published by Time Warner's imprint Little, Brown and Company. The book describes her experiences in Iran during the Islamic Revolution of 1979, her brief imprisonment during this time, and her eventual escape from the country.

"Azadi" is a pen name which she assumed in order to protect her family members in Iran from harassment. She claims to be a great-granddaughter of a Qajar Shah.

Azadi currently lives in Canada, where she designs and sells jewelry.

Notes


The Son of the Red Corsair (1921 film)

The Son of the Red Corsair (Italian: Il figlio del Corsaro Rosso) is a 1921 Italian silent historical adventure film directed by Vitale De Stefano. It is an adaptation of the 1908 novel of the same title by Emilio Salgari. It was part of a series of Salgari adaptations by the Milan-based De Rosa Film. The story was subsequently remade as a sound film The Son of the Red Corsair in 1943.

Cast
 Rodolfo Badaloni as il figlio del corsaro rosso
 Nera Badaloni
 Anita Faraboni
 Carlo Re
 Vitale Di Stefano
 Riccardo Tassoni


Trechus zolotikhini

Trechus zolotikhini is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Trechinae. It was described by Belousov in 1990.


Cadillac Jack

Cadillac Jack is a Georgia, US-based gaming company that creates and supplies various types of gambling games as a subsidiary of Amaya Gaming Group. They develop within Class II and Class III gaming markets in the US and Mexico.


Pierre Flotte

Pierre Flotte or Pierre Flote (Languedoc, second half of the 13th century – Kortrijk, 11 July 1302) was a French legalist, Chancellor and Keeper of the Seals of Philip IV the Fair.
He was taught Roman law at the University of Montpellier, and was considered one of the best lawyers and legalists of his time. He led negotiations with the Roman Curia, England and Germany.

He was an adversary of Pope Boniface VIII, defending the authoritarianism of the French king against the Roman Church, and the first civilian to be appointed as Chancellor, as before, only ecclesiastics were granted this honor.

He died in the Battle of the Golden Spurs which took place near Kortrijk on 11 July 1302, when the local Flemish population mounted a successful uprising against France.

Flote, Pierre
Flote, Pierre
Flote, Pierre


2012–13 Oberliga (ice hockey) season

The 2012-13 Oberliga season was the 54th season for the Oberliga, the third-level ice hockey league in Germany. It was divided into four groups (North, South, East, West). Rote Teufel Bad Nauheim won the championship. A total of 39 teams participated.

Oberliga North

First round

Final round

DEB-Pokal Placement round

Oberliga East

First round

Relegation round
Quarterfinals
FASS Berlin - EHC Crimmitschau 1b 11:2, 18:0, 13:0
Jonsdorfer Falken - ECC Preussen Berlin 5:1, 7:5, 10:3
Tornado Niesky - Wild Boys Chemnitz 6:2, 5:3, 2:1
EHV Schonheide 09 - Black Dragons Erfurt 4:1, 3:2, 4:5 SO, 1:4, 4:1
Semifinals
Jonsdorfer Falken - Tornado Niesky 5:6, 4:1, 2:1, 3:6, 10:3
FASS Berlin - EHC Schonheide 09 2:3 SO, 4:3 OT, 4:2, 3:2 OT
Final
FASS Berlin - Jonsdorfer Falken 6:5, 5:2, 2:1

Oberliga West

First round

Final round

Cup round

Northern Groups final round

Teams

Results
Group A

Group B

Oberliga South

Qualification-Playoffs
EC Peiting - Blue Devils Weiden 2:1, 5:6, 5:6 OT, 6:1, 3:5, 3:4 OT
Seiber Wolfe - EV Fussen 2:0, 3:5, 4:1, 3:0, 11:4
Tolzer Lowen - EHC Freiburg 2:3, 5:1, 6:0, 3:9, 7:3, 4:5, 7:2
EV Regensburg - EHC Klostersee 0:1, 3:5, 1:2 OT, 3:8

Relegation round

Playoffs

Quarterfinals
Kassel Huskies - Blue Devils Weiden 6:0, 9:1, 9:4
Seiber Wolfe - Fuchse Duisburg 1:3, 3:0, 1:2, 5:3, 2:1
Rote Teufel Bad Nauheim - EHC Klostersee 3:1, 4:3 SO, 6:5 OT
Tolzer Lowen - Lowen Frankfurt 2:6, 1:7, 3:7

Semifinals
Kassel Huskies - Lowen Frankfurt 5:4 OT, 3:4, 4:3 OT, 2:4, 2:1 OT
Seiber Wolfe - Rote Teufel Bad Nauheim 3:1, 0:5, 0:2, 5:3, 2:4

Final
Kassel Huskies - Rote Teufel Bad Nauheim 5:4 OT, 1:4, 3:2 OT, 3:4, 2:3 OT


Union syndicale des journalistes polonais en France (, 'Polish Journalists' Union in France') was an organization of Polish journalists in France. The organization was founded in 1923. The organization had its headquarters on Rue Bachaumont, in the 2nd arrondissement of Paris. As of 1934, the chairman of the organization was Alfred Bzowiecki.


Byrd's Word!

Byrd's Word! is an album by American jazz guitarist Charlie Byrd with tracks recorded in 1958 and released on the Riverside label in 1962. The album was first released on the Washington Records Offbeat imprint as Jazz at the Showboat

Reception

Allmusic awarded the album 4 stars stating "Byrd's Word! is an early Charlie Byrd recording that finds the guitarist in a variety of settings... Though there are really no bad cuts on the album, the content is so diverse -- acoustic trios, electric guitar with brass, and acoustic guitar with vocals -- that the album doesn't flow as a whole... The variety of material and styles gives the impression that Byrd was experimenting, but even so, his experimentation was conservative... Byrd's Word! may not be a great album, but it is certainly a good place to get a look at Byrd's early development".

Track listing
All compositions written by Bobby Felder except as indicated
 "Byrd's Word" - 5:32
 "Blue Turning Grey Over You" (Andy Razaf, Fats Waller) - 2:55
 "Bobby in Bassoonville" - 4:26
 "Satin Doll" (Duke Ellington, Billy Strayhorn, Johnny Mercer) - 4:20
 "Tri-X" - 4:29
 "Conversation Piece" (Charlie Byrd, Keter Betts) - 3:36
 "What's New?" (Bob Haggart, Johnny Burke) - 4:14
 "Stompin' at the Savoy" (Benny Goodman, Chick Webb, Edgar Sampson, Razaf) - 3:21
 "Don't Explain" (Arthur Herzog, Jr., Billie Holiday) - 3:27
 "Buck's Hill"  - 4:37

Personnel
Charlie Byrd - guitar
Bobby Felder - valve trombone (tracks 1, 3, 5, 7 & 10)
Kenneth Pasmanick - bassoon (track 3)
Buck Hill - tenor saxophone (tracks 1, 5, 7 & 10)
T. Carson (tracks 1, 3, 5, 7 & 10), Charlie Schneer (track 8) - piano
Keter Betts - bass, cello (tracks 1, 3-8 & 10)
Eddie Phyfe (tracks 4, 6 & 8) Bertell Knox (tracks 1, 3, 5, 7 & 10) - drums
Ginny Byrd - vocals (tracks 2 & 9)


Mount Gould (Antarctica)

Mount Gould () is a prominent mountain, 2,385 m, surmounting the central part of the Tapley Mountains, in the Queen Maud Mountains in Antarctica.  It was discovered in December 1929 by the Byrd Antarctic Expedition geological party under Laurence Gould.  Named by Byrd for president Laurence M. Gould of Carleton College, polar explorer who served as geologist and second in command of the Byrd Antarctic Expedition, 1928-30.  From 1955-1970, Gould was a leader in the planning of the U.S. Antarctic Research Program, and has served as chairman of the National Academy of Sciences Committee on Polar Research, and chairman of the international Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research.

Gould, Mount


Coordinator for International Relations

A , or CIR, is a participant on the JET Programme residing and working in Japan. Although responsibilities for a CIR vary according to his or her contracting organization, the majority of a CIR's time is spent organizing and assisting various projects related to adjusting Japanese society to an increasingly multilingual, multicultural, and international world. Many of these projects include but are not limited to: international exchange programmes, primary and secondary school visits, language classes, cooking classes, cultural lectures, as well as translating and interpreting. CIRs are employed throughout Japan at international exchange associations, prefectural offices, city halls, town halls, village halls, and boards of education.

JET is administered by Council of Local Authorities for International Relations (CLAIR) and funded by Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT).

Statistics
As of July 1, 2014, there were 364 CIRs, accounting for approximately 8.2% of the 4,465 JET Programme participants.


Balogun Yakub Abiodun

Balogun Yakub Abiodun (born 5 May 1951) is a Nigerian economist, public administrator, legislator in the House of Representatives of Nigeria, representing Lagos Island Federal Constituency II, Lagos State, South-West Nigeria and former Lagos State Head of Service.

Early life
Balogun Yakub was born on 5 May 1951 in Lagos Island, the principal and central local government area of the Metropolitan Lagos state southwestern Nigeria.
He attended Fazil-Omar Ahmadiyya Primary School, Lagos before he proceeded to Ansar-Ud-Deen Grammar School in Surulere but   obtained the West African School Certificate at Ahmadiyya College, Agege.
He obtained a bachelor's and master's degrees in Economics from the University of Ibadan in 1976 and 1983 respectively before he proceeded to the Royal Institute of Public Administration where he received a certificate in Public administration in 1996.

Civil service
He joined the Lagos State Civil Service in 1977 as assistant secretary in Ministry of
Economic Development and Establishments.
In 1990, he rose to the position of Assistant
Director, of Taxes at Ministry of Finance.
Having served at different capacity in the civil service, he was appointed a Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Finance in 1997, a position he held until he was appointed as Head of Service in 1999 under the administration of Chief Bola Tinubu, the former Governor of Lagos State and the National leader of the All Progressives Congress (APC).
In May 2010, he retired from the Lagos State Civil Service to join politics.

Political life
In April 2011, he contested the seat of his constituency, Lagos Island Federal Constituency II, which he won.
Balogun took oath of office as Member, House of Representatives, representing Lagos Island Federal Constituency II, Lagos State, on Monday, 6 June 2011 during the inauguration of the Seventh House of Representatives.


Cebu Institute of Medicine

Cebu Institute of Medicine (CIM) is the independently-administered medical school arm of Velez College in Cebu City, Philippines.

Both are located adjacent to each other in F. Ramos Street. Its primary base hospital is the Cebu Velez General Hospital also located in F. Ramos.

History

The Cebu Institute of Medicine is a non-stock, non-profit institution established in June 1957, then known as Cebu Institute of Technology, College of Medicine (CIT – College of Medicine). Its pioneering class of 33 students graduated in 1962 from the then five-year curriculum.

In 1966, CIT – College of Medicine became an affiliate of Velez College serving as its medical school arm under a new name: Cebu Institute of Medicine (CIM). Dr. Jacinto Velez, Sr. became its first dean.

Velez College was founded by Epifania Mendoza Velez with the support of Dr. Jacinto Velez, Sr. who was then the Chairman of the Board of Trustees of its predecessor the Cebu (Velez) General Hospital School of Nursing in school year 1952-1953. Velez College was incorporated on March 28, 1966 and the College of Nursing was opened in 1968–1969 with its first batch of graduates in March 1973. The College of Arts and Sciences (then College of Liberal Arts) was opened in 1966-1967; College of Medical Technology in 1967–1968; and College of Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy in 1992-1993.

CIM had initial graduates of 33 students in 1962 and since then it has produced 4778 graduates as of 2008. Of these graduates 36 were with honors and 123 were board topnotchers.

In February 1987, CIM was classified by the Board on Medical Education as Level IV, the highest category for medical institutions.

In April 1996, the Commission on Higher Education has identified CIM as one of the three Center of Excellence for Medicine. The Commission on Higher Education has granted CIM an autonomous status in September 2001. The institution is also accredited by PAASCU.

Research and academics
In the 1970s fundamentals of research were introduced to the students of the Cebu Institute of Medicine by the Chairman of the Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Dr. Florentino Solon with Dr. Tomas Fernandez and Dr. Virginia Mesola.

Some of the important researches were done in coordination with:

Cornell University, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of North Carolina, Washington University School of Medicine, UP Institute of Public Health, UP – PGH Research Institute of Tropical Medicine and University of San Carlos.

Thereafter, research became institutionalized in the Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, Physiology and Pharmacology and Family & Community Medicine.

The Clinical Epidemiology Unit (CEU) currently composed of Dr. Paterno Veloso Jr., Fidelis E.Quiza, Cheryl K.Bullo and Stephen Bullo; an affiliate of the Southeast Asian Epidemiology Net was established with the primary mission to improve the research capability of the Faculty, Students and Residents in training.

Conducts different Research Methodology Workshops for various specialty societies, hospital residents, and students of medical schools in Visayas and Mindanao.
Provides consultative services to students, residents, consultants and faculty members undertaking research studies.

As one of the five acclaimed Center of Medical Excellence, CIM was tasked to provide a series of lecture-workshops with mentoring on Research Methodology to a core staff of faculty members of the College of Medicine of the West Visayas State University. Just recently, the five-year Twinning Program on Research Capability Development co-sponsored by the Philippine Council for Health Research and Development and the Association of Philippine Medical Colleges was successfully concluded.

It had been tasked by the Philippine Council for Health Research and Development to be a zonal convenor for the formulation of the Health S & T Priorities 1999–2004 and by the Philippine National Health Research System for the formulation of the National Unified Health Research Agenda 2006–2012 for Zone 3 which covers Regions 6,7 and 8.

On the other hand, Velez College currently has 4 colleges namely the College of Nursing, College of Medical Technology, College of Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy, and the College of Arts & Sciences.

Awards
In February 16, 1987, CIM was classified by the Board on Medical Education as Level IV, the highest category for medical institution.

In April 1996, the Commission on Higher Education has identified CIM as one of the three Center of Excellence for Medicine.It earned the distinction of being the only Center of Excellence for the entire Visayas and Mindanao.

The Commission on Higher Education has granted CIM an autonomous status in September 2001.

The school has likewise received recognition from the Center for Higher Education (CHED) and the Philippine Accreditation of Schools, Colleges and Universities (PAASCU), the first medical school in the Visayas and Mindanao to be granted such accreditation.

Problem-based learning methodology
In academic year 2001–2002, the institution initially implemented the competency-based PBL approach curriculum in the first year class and became fully PBL in all three-year levels by school year 2003–2004.

The first batch of the full PBL students graduated in April 2005 and took the board examinations that same year.

From the first PBL class, during the August 2006 exam, 98% passed with two students topping the board examinations.

Student performance
From its 33 graduates in 1962, CIM has produced about 4,750 graduates as of 2009, 35 of whom graduated with honors.

Some 110 of its graduates have placed in the top ten of the Physician's Licensure Examinations with 8 graduates garnering first place. Its graduates over the past 10 years obtained an average passing percentage of 93.3%,keeping CIM among the first five top medical schools in the country.

In 2006, the passing percentage for the board exam of the first graduates of PBL was 98%. Thereafter, the school boasts of an exemplary track record in the Philippine medical licensure examinations with an impeccable 100% passing percentage in the last six successive board examinations.

Velez College has been a consistent top performer in the Medical Technology, Nursing, Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy Licensure Examinations in several years.


Trapezium

Trapezium, describing a geometric shape, has two contradictory meanings:
Outside the US and Canada: a quadrilateral with at least one pair of parallel sides (known in the US as a trapezoid)
In the US and Canada: a quadrilateral with no parallel sides (known elsewhere as a general irregular quadrilateral)

Trapezium can also mean:

Trapezium (bone), a bone in the wrist
Trapezium (astronomy), a group of stars in the Orion Nebula
Trapezium (play), by Henry Rathvon


Isolabella, Turin

Isolabella is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about  southeast of Turin.

Isolabella borders the following municipalities: Villanova d'Asti, Poirino, Valfenera and Cellarengo.


Pieter Cramer

Pieter Cramer (21 May 1721 (baptized) – 28 September 1776), was a wealthy Dutch merchant in linen and Spanish wool, remembered as an entomologist. Cramer was the director of the Zealand Society, a scientific society located in Flushing, and a member of Concordia et Libertate, based in Amsterdam. This literary and patriotic society, where Cramer gave lectures on minerals, commissioned and/or financed the publishing of his book De uitlandsche Kapellen, on foreign (exotic) butterflies, occurring in three parts of the world Asia, Africa and America.

Cramer assembled an extensive natural history collection that included seashells, petrifications, and insects of all orders. Many were colourful butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera), collected in countries where the Dutch had colonial or trading links, such as Surinam, Ceylon, Sierra Leone and the Dutch East Indies.

Cramer decided to get a permanent record of his collection and so engaged the painter Gerrit Wartenaar to draw his specimens. He also arranged for Wartenaar to draw butterflies and moths belonging to other keen Lepidoptera collectors in the Netherlands. One of them was stadtholder-prince William V of Orange. Hans Willem Baron Rengers and Joan Raye, the son of the former governor in Surinam, were among the others.  Such was the quality of the illustrations that Caspar Stoll encouraged him to publish the set of drawings.

Cramer, a bachelor, was born in Amsterdam, and lived on Oudezijds Voorburgwal at no. 131, close to the Oude Kerk. In 1760 he had bought the house, then known as "the Three Kings". On 5 September 1774 he made his will with a stipulation that the drawings should be available to the publisher.  So all the drawings went to his nephew Anthony van Rensselaer, under the condition that these drawings be printed by the bookseller Johannes Baalde.  As a result, De Uitlandsche Kapellen was published 1775–1782. It consisted of 33 parts, each one issued at intervals of three months to the subscribers, in four volumes. All of the drawings were accompanied by descriptions of the insects.

Cramer died "of high fevers" in 1776 after eight issues (Vol. I) had been published, leaving responsibility for finishing the project to Van Rensselaar and Stoll. Stoll is supposed to be the author of the text from page 29 of the fourth volume onwards.

De Uitlandsche Kapellen is a key work in the history of entomology. Beautifully illustrated with fine life-size  hand-coloured engravings of Lepidoptera from Asia, Africa and America, it was the first book on exotic Lepidoptera to use the then new system developed by Carl Linnaeus (1707–1778) for naming and classifying animals. Over 1658 butterfly species were described and illustrated on 396 (or 400) plates, Cramer and Stoll naming and illustrating many new species for the first time.

Cramer's collections were broken up after his death and sold, auctioned and donated to institutions and individuals. The Dutch Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum came to own a substantial number of his specimens and bought part of Cramer's collection from Joan Raye, heer van Breukelerwaert.

Works
De uitlandsche Kapellen voorkomende in de drie Waereld-Deelen Asia, Africa en America – Papillons exotiques des trois parties du monde l'Asie, l'Afrique et l'Amerique (1775–1782).


Washburn (CDP), Maine

Washburn is a census-designated place (CDP) comprising the main village within the town of Washburn in Aroostook County, Maine, United States. The population of the CDP was 997 at the 2010 census, out of a population of 1,687 for the entire town.

Geography
The Washburn CDP is located in the western part of the town of Washburn, at the junction of Maine State Routes 164 and 228. It is  northeast to Caribou along Route 164.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of , of which  is land and , or 1.33%, is water.


Climbing Mount Improbable

Climbing Mount Improbable is a 1996 popular science book by Richard Dawkins. The book is about probability and how it applies to the theory of evolution. It is designed to debunk claims by creationists about the probability of naturalistic mechanisms like natural selection.

The main metaphorical treatment is of a geographical landscape upon which evolution can ascend only gradually and cannot climb cliffs (that is known as an adaptive landscape). In the book, Dawkins gives ideas about a seemingly complex mechanism coming about from many gradual steps that were previously unseen.

The book grew out of the annual Royal Institution Christmas Lectures, which Dawkins delivered in 1991 (see Growing Up in the Universe). It is illustrated by Dawkins' wife at the time, Lalla Ward, and is dedicated to Robert Winston, "a good doctor and a good man".


Benigno Fitial

Benigno Repeki Fitial (born November 27, 1945) is the former seventh governor of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI). The second longest-serving governor in CNMI history, Fitial was elected on November 6, 2005, assumed office on January 9, 2006, and was re-elected to a (five-year) second term in 2009. He was impeached by the CNMI House of Representatives on February 11, 2013 and was scheduled to face trial before the CNMI Senate to determine if he should be removed from office. He resigned on February 20, 2013 after 7 years, 1 month, and 11 days in office.

Fitial founded the Covenant Party in 2001 after leaving the Republican Party. He rejoined the Republican Party on January 5, 2011, announcing that his goal would be to merge the Covenant Party back into the Republican Party.

Fitial was the first governor in any US territory or commonwealth to be impeached and only the 13th governor in the history of the United States. On February 11 & 12, 2013 the CNMI House of Representatives voted to impeach Fitial on 18 different charges contained in Articles of Impeachment. The charges include neglect of duties, commission of felonies and abuse of power.

Rather than facing a trial before the CNMI Senate which was set for March 7, 2013, Benigno Repeki Fitial became the first governor in CNMI history to resign from office on February 20, 2013. In his resignation letter he cited "personal health" reasons and the "best interests of the Commonwealth".

Personal life
Born on November 27, 1945, and raised in a Satawalese family, Fitial graduated from high school with honors at Saipan's Mt. Carmel School in 1964. He obtained a Bachelor of Business Administration with an emphasis on business management from the University of Guam.  He is recognized as a University of Guam Distinguished Alumni.

Fitial is the first elected governor of Carolinian descent in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI). Carolinians are indigenous to the Caroline Islands, and the ancestors of most Carolinians now living in the northern Mariana Islands immigrated there in the early 19th century, from the Yap and Chuuk island groups of what is now the Federated States of Micronesia. The Chamorro are the indigenous inhabitants of the Marianas, and past winners of gubernatorial elections in the CNMI had been Chamorro.

The former Governor is married to Josie Fitial (née Padiermos), a Filipino who as a contract worker in 1983 moved to the CNMI, where Filipinos outnumber residents of all Pacific Islander ethnicities combined.    Padiermos, like many Filipinos, moved abroad for employment to send financial support to family members still in the Philippines. The couple met while she was working as a waitress on Saipan. They have two children together, Patrick and Christina, in addition to Benigno Fitial's four children from a previous marriage, Jason, Cathy, Junella and Julie.

Fitial has described himself in the past as a "good friend" of convicted U.S. lobbyist Jack Abramoff, who caused some controversy in both the Commonwealth and Washington. As vice president of Tan Holdings, Fitial worked closely with Abramoff, who had the family textile conglomerate as a consistent client.

Fitial and his wife are residents of Gualo Rai, Saipan.

Political career
Fitial worked as a budget analyst for the government of the former Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. He also worked as a former executive for Tan Holdings Corporation, which was the largest garment manufacturer in the Northern Mariana Islands at the time.

Fitial is a former member of the Republican Party, and served as the chairman of the Republican Party in the CNMI.

Fitial left the Republican Party, and founded his own political party, the Covenant Party in 2001. He used the Covenant Party as a vehicle to run for Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands in the 2001 gubernatorial election with his running mate, then-Education Commissioner Rita Inos. However, Fitial was defeated in a landslide by the Republican ticket of Juan N. Babauta and his running mate, Diego Benavente. The Babauta-Benavente ticket received 5,512 votes, the largest number of votes ever received by a gubernatorial candidate in history to date.

In 2003, Fitial was elected to the Northern Mariana Islands House of Representatives in the 2003 midterm election. Candidates from his Covenant Party were also elected, giving the party the majority in the House of Representatives. Fitial was further elected the Speaker by the House in 2003, replacing Republican Speaker Heinz Hofschneider. He represented Precinct 3, which includes parts of Saipan and the northern islands.

Impeachment
Fitial became the first governor in any US insular area and the 13th in the history of the nation to be impeached (February 11, 2013). The CNMI House of Representatives pre-filed 18 Articles of Impeachment against Fitial on the day of their Inauguration (January 14, 2013). They voted to adopt 13 of the Articles of Impeachment on February 11, 2013 and adopted the remaining 5 Articles of Impeachment on February 12, 2013. All 18 charges were transmitted to the Senate where Fitial would have stood trial had he not resigned.

House Votes:

"No" votes: Minority leader George Camacho (R-Saipan), Reps. Felicidad Ogumoro (R-Saipan), Teresita Santos (R-Rota), and Richard Seman (R-Saipan) === except for Article 10 - Rep. George Camacho abstained due to conflict.

“Yes” votes: House Speaker Joseph Deleon Guerrero (IR-Saipan), Vice Speaker Frank Dela Cruz (IR-Saipan), floor leader Ralph Demapan (Cov-Saipan), Reps. Antonio Agulto (IR-Saipan), Anthony Benavente (IR-Saipan), Roman Benavente (IR-Saipan), Trenton Conner (Ind-Tinian), Lorenzo Deleon Guerrero (IR-Saipan), Cris Leon Guerrero (Cov-Saipan), Janet Maratita (IR-Saipan), John P. Sablan (Cov-Saipan), Tony Sablan (IR-Saipan), Mario Taitano (IR-Saipan), Ray Tebuteb (IR-Saipan), Edmund Villagomez (Cov-Saipan), and Ralph Yumul (IR-Saipan) === except for Article 15 - Rep. Roman Benavente abstained unknown reasons.

Governorship
Fitial was the seventh governor of the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI). He defeated independent candidate Heinz Hofschneider and incumbent Republican Governor Juan N. Babauta during the 2005 gubernatorial election with 28.1 percent of the total vote after absentee ballots were counted.  The 2005 gubernatorial election margin of victory of 84 votes was the closest in the history of the Commonwealth. Fitial and his running mate, Lieutenant Governor Timothy P. Villagomez were sworn into office on January 9, 2006.

He implemented a dress code of business attire for all cabinet members shortly after his inauguration.

Fitial faced challenges during his term as governor, including budget shortfalls, a weak economy even before the Financial crisis of 2007–2010, and declining Japanese tourism. Some observers and local publications (such as the Marianas Variety) accused Fitial of concentrating power in his office. This included a decision made to abolish the autonomy of at least two government agencies, with their functions being transferred to the executive. The governor and his supporters asserted that drastic measures need to be taken to cut excessive government spending during the tenure of the previous governor, Juan Babauta.

Fitial was away from office for several weeks in late 2006 when he underwent successful surgery at UCLA Medical Center in Los Angeles on October 31 to correct spinal stenosis.

Lieutenant Governor Timothy Villagomez resigned from office on April 24, 2009, following his conviction on federal criminal charges related to fraud while he was a member of the CNMI House of Representatives. Villagomez became the highest ranking CNMI official ever to be convicted in a criminal trial.

Under the Northern Mariana Islands Commonwealth Constitution, when a Lieutenant Governor vacancy occurs, the governor appoints a successor with the "advice and consent" of the Northern Mariana Islands Senate. Governor Fitial nominated the CNMI Secretary of Finance Eloy Inos to fill the Lieutenant Governor vacancy on April 27, 2009. Fitial and Inos had first met years earlier while both were working for the government of the now defunct Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. Fitial was working as a budget analyst, while Inos was employed as a tax manager for the Trust Territory's revenue division at the time. Inos was unanimously confirmed in a vote by all 9 members of the Senate on Friday, May 1, 2009. Inos was sworn into office by Governor Fitial shortly after the Senate vote, becoming the Northern Mariana Islands first unelected Lieutenant Governor.

A minority bloc in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands' House of Representatives filed an impeachment resolution August 28, 2012 against Governor Fitial, who was at that time in the United States for the Republican National Convention.  The resolution was filed by Joseph Deleon Guerrero, a former Republican who has left the party and is now an independent.  It accuses the governor of "multiple felonies, multiple acts of public corruption" and of neglecting official duties.
All charges were eventually dismissed.

2009 Gubernatorial re-election campaign

Governor Benigno Fitial announced in March 2009 that he would seek re-election to a second term in November.

On June 12, 2009, Fitial presided over Covenant Party midterm rally in Susupe with an estimated crowd of approximately 3,000 people in attendance.
Fitial and Inos officially filed to run for re-election with the CNMI Election Commission on July 23, 2009, in the presence of nearly 200 family and supporters. In the November 2009 gubernatorial election, Fitial was challenged by the Republican nominee, Heinz Hofschneider, as well as independent candidates Juan Pan Guerrero and Ramon "Kumoi" Guerrero. In March 2009, Fitial had publicly stated that he will retire from politics if his re-election bid was unsuccessful.
In the general election, Hofschneider led Fitial by just 8 votes; because none of the candidates won a majority, a runoff between Hofschneider and Fitial was triggered. Fitial won the runoff by 370 votes and therefore was re-elected. Due to a newly ratified legislative initiative, Fitial was expected to serve a five-year term, as the next gubernatorial election would now be held in 2014.

2005 Gubernatorial Election Results

Career prior to governorship
Government:
Speaker of the House of Representatives, 3rd, 12th, & 14th NMI Legislature
Vice Speaker, 5th NMI Legislature
Minority Leader, 2nd and 4th NMI Legislature
Chief Administrative Officer, 1st NMI Legislature
Budget Officer, 1st NMI Legislature
Budget Analyst, Trust Territory Government
News Director, KJQR Radio Station
Business:
President, Bank of Saipan
Vice President, Tan Holdings Corporation
Special Consultant, L&T Corporation
President, Century Insurance Corporation
President, Century Travel Corporation
President, Consolidated Transportation Services Inc. (CTSI)
President, Pacific Oriental Inc. (POI)
President, Home Improvement (MPI)
Politics & Civic Contributions:
Founder, CNMI Covenant Party
Chairman, Northern Marianas Republican Party
Chairman, Bush for President Committee for the CNMI
Chairman, CNMI Zoning Board
Chairman, NMI Trusteeship Termination Task Force
Chairman, 1st CNMI Civil Service Commission
Chairman, Saipan Municipal Scholarship Board
Member, CNMI Tax Task Force
Member, Republican Presidential Task Force (US)
Delegate, 1st Northern Marianas Constitutional Convention
Chairman, Constitutional Convention Committee(s) on Tax, Public Debt, Education, & Local Government


Tim Dang

Timothy Dang  is an American actor and theatre director originally from Hawaii of Asian origin.  He served as the artistic director at the Asian American theatre company, East West Players (EWP), in Little Tokyo, Los Angeles, California until 2016. He graduated in 1980 with a bachelor of Fine Arts degree in theatre from the University of Southern California.

Theatre
Dang has been affiliated with EWP since 1980, as actor and director.  He became Artistic Director in 1993, succeeding Nobu McCarthy, guiding the company's transition from a small theatre company producing Equity 99-seat shows, to a mid-sized company in a 240-seat house in 1995.  As a director, he has mounted productions at Singapore Repertory Theatre, Asian American Theater Company in San Francisco, Mark Taper Forum New Works Festival, Celebration Theatre, West Coast Ensemble, and the Perseverance Theatre in Juneau, Alaska.  He has won numerous awards for directing and performing, including two Ovation Awards.  He has served on the board of LA Stage Alliance.

In 2019, Dang was awarded the Visionary Award at EWP's annual gala for his contributions toward furthering API visibility in the industry.

Filmography


Social phenomenon

Social phenomena include all behavior that influences or is influenced by organisms sufficiently alive to respond to one another.

There is also internet phenomenon.


Etlingera maingayi

Etlingera maingayi, also known as Malay rose, is a species of herbaceous perennial plant of the Zingiberaceae family.  This species occurs in southern Thailand, where its flowers are eaten as vegetables, and Malaysia.

Description
Etlingera maingayi grows to less than  high. Its leaves are variable, with undulating fringes, and emit a sour scent when crushed. Young leaves are translucent and reddish on both sides.

Chemistry
Leaves of E. maingayi displayed ferrous ion chelating ability and lipid peroxidation inhibition activity that were much higher than young leaves of Camellia sinensis. Leaves of E. maingayi had the highest yield of oil (1320 mg/100 g) consisting mainly of lauric acid (45%) and decanoic acid (43%). The unpleasant sour scent of leaves when crushed may be due to these two acids.