1945 in the Philippines
Incumbents

Philippine Commonwealth
 President: Sergio Osmeña (Nacionalista Party) 
 Chief Justice: José Yulo (until July 9), Manuel Moran (starting July 9)
 Congress: 1st

Second Philippine Republic
President: José P. Laurel (until August 17)
Prime Minister: Jorge B. Vargas (until August 17)
Chief Justice: José Yulo (until July 9), Manuel Moran (starting July 9)
Vice President: Benigno Aquino, Sr. (until August 17)
Minister of Foreign Affairs: Claro M. Recto (until August 17)
Minister of Justice: Quintin Paredes (until August 17)
Minister of Home Affairs: Teofilo Sison (until August 17)

Events
 January–September – Battle of Maguindanao
 January 6–9 – Invasion of Lingayen Gulf
 January 9–August 15 – Battle of Luzon
 January 30 – Raid at Cabanatuan: 121 American soldiers and 800 Filipino guerrillas free 813 American Prisoners of war from the Japanese-held camp in the city of Cabanatuan in the Philippines.
 January 31–February 21 – Battle of Bataan (1945)
 February 3–March 3 – Battle of Manila United States forces enter the outskirts of Manila to capture it from the Japanese Imperial Army, starting the battle.
 February 7 – General Douglas MacArthur returns to Manila.
 February 16 – 26 – Battle of Corregidor American and Filipino ground forces land on Corregidor Island in the Philippines.
 February 16 – Combined American and Filipino forces recapture the Bataan Peninsula.
 February 21 – April 26 – Battle of Baguio (1945)
 February 23
 Raid at Los Baños – The 11th Airborne Division, with Filipino guerrillas, freed the captives of the Los Baños internment camp.
 The capital of the Philippines, Manila, is liberated by combined American and Filipino ground troops.
 American and Filipino troops enter Intramuros, Manila.
 February 28 – April 22 – Invasion of Palawan
 March 3 – United States and Filipino troops take Manila, Philippines.
 March 16 – Establishment of the Congress of Labor Organizations (CLO), a federation of labor organizations organized by former leaders of the Hukbo ng Bayan Laban sa mga Hapon (Hukbalahap).
 March 10–August 15 – Battle of Mindanao
 March 18–July 30 – Battle of the Visayas
 March 19 – Battle of Bacsil Ridge
 March 26–April 8 – Battle for Cebu City
 April 27–August 15 – Battle of Davao
 June 14 – Battle of Bessang Pass
 July 5 – The Philippines are declared liberated.
 August 17 – Philippines President José P. Laurel issues an Executive Proclamation putting an end to the Second Philippine Republic, thus ending to his term as President of the Philippines.
 September 2 – Japanese general Tomoyuki Yamashita surrenders to Filipino and American forces at Kiangan, Ifugao.

Births
January 8 – Rolando Guaves, Filipino cyclist.
January 30 – Boots Anson-Roa – Filipino actress, columnist, editor, and lecturer.
February 2 – Eric Eloriaga, Filipino broadcaster
March 6 – Angelo Castro, Jr., Filipino broadcast journalist and actor. (d. 2012)
March 11 – Jose Mari Chan – Chinese Filipino singer, songwriter and businessman
March 17 – Angelo Reyes – Filipino general and politician (d. 2011)
March 18 – Anthony Villanueva – Filipino Olympic Boxer (d. 2014)
March 23 – Val Sotto, singer, composer, comedian and Filipino actor.
March 26 – Josephine Acosta Pasricha – Filipino indologist
March 28 – Rodrigo Duterte – 16th President of the Philippines
April 19 – Ignacio Bunye – Filipino public official
April 22 – Marcelo B. Javier Jr., Filipino Brigadier General
May 7 – Helen Gamboa, veteran Actress, former beauty queen and singer
May 20 – Ernesto Presas, founder of Filipino martial arts system Kombatan.
June 3 –
 Benhur Salimbangon – Filipino Politician
 Ramon Jacinto – Filipino musician, radio jockey, TV host and entrepreneur.
June 15 – Miriam Defensor Santiago – Filipino Politician (d. 2016)
July 5 -Jojo Lapus, showbiz columnist and screenwriter
July 23 – Philippe Jones Lhuillier, Filipino diplomat, businessman and philanthropist.
August 5 – Richard Gordon, Politician
August 20 – Pete Lacaba, Filipino film writer, editor, poet, screenwriter, journalist and translator.
September 8 – Cheche Lazaro, Filipina broadcast journalist
September 15 – Evelyn Fuentebella, Filipino Mayor
September 30 – Victor Ziga, Member of the Senate of the Philippines
October 7 – Ross Rival, Filipino actor (d. 2007)
October 29 –
 Reynaldo A. Duque, Ilokano writer (d. 2013)
 Arnulfo Fuentebella, politician
November 11 – Eddie Peregrina, Filipino singer (d. 1977)
November 28 – Franklin Drilon, Filipino politician
December 2 – Lualhati Bautista, Filipino female novelists
December 18 – Renato Diaz, Filipino businessman, economist and congressman
December 31 – Liwayway Vinzons-Chato – Filipino Politician

Births unknown 
Walden Bello, Filipino author, academic and political analyst 
Isagani R. Cruz, Filipino writer

Deaths
January 6 – Josefa Llanes Escoda, Filipino advocate of women's suffrage and founder of the Girl Scouts of the Philippines (b. 1898)
January 15 – Pedro Abad Santos, Filipino politician. (b. 1876)
February 10 – Anacleto Díaz, Filipino jurist (murdered during the Battle of Manila) (b. 1878)
February 12 – Antonio Villa-Real, Filipino jurist (murdered during the Battle of Manila) (b. 1878)
February 13 – Maria Orosa, Filipino food technologist, pharmaceutical chemist, humanitarian and war heroine. (born 1893)
February 21 – Pablo Amorsolo, Filipino painter (b.1898)
July 31 – Artemio Ricarte, Filipino general (b. 1866)