Whiplash (Marvel Comics)
Whiplash is the name of multiple fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Each Whiplash is a supervillain in the Marvel Universe, with the first and latest appearing as members of Iron Man's rogues gallery. The original Whiplash (Mark Scarlotti) also went by the name Blacklash. Mickey Rourke portrayed the newest Whiplash (Ivan Vanko) in the Marvel Cinematic Universe film Iron Man 2 (2010).

Publication history 
Mark Scarlotti first appeared as Whiplash in Tales of Suspense #97 (Jan. 1968). He was killed in battle in #28 (May 2000).

Leeann Foreman debuted as Whiplash in Marvel Comics Presents #49 (May 1990).

During the Civil War storyline, two new villains called Whiplash and Blacklash appear in Thunderbolts #104 (September 2006) and #107 (December 2006).

Another female Whiplash appeared in Big Hero 6 #1 (November 2008).

Anton Vanko first appeared in Iron Man vs. Whiplash #1–4 (January–April 2010). He later appeared as a member of the Masters of Evil.

Fictional character biography

Mark Scarlotti 

Mark Scarlotti is originally a gifted electrical technician at Stark International's Cincinnati branch, but desires a life of luxury and becomes a professional criminal. With a costume and a sophisticated metal whip of his own design, the character becomes Whiplash, a weapons designer, special agent, and assassin for the criminal organization the Maggia. On behalf of the Maggia, Whiplash fights the hero Iron Man – secretly inventor Tony Stark and Scarlotti's former employer – and A.I.M. agents attacking a Maggia gambling ship.

Scarlotti is assigned to work undercover for the Maggia at Stark International's Cincinnati plant, and becomes Head of Research. As Whiplash, Scarlotti then has another inconclusive battle with Iron Man and flees the scene, quitting the Maggia. Whiplash, together with fellow supervillains the Melter and Man-Bull, are recruited by other-dimensional villain the Black Lama to form the team the Death Squad and fight Iron Man. They enter a "super-villain war" to win the Black Lama's Golden Globe of Power, but are all defeated.

Whiplash rejoins the Maggia and battles the heroes Spider-Man and Iron Man in New Jersey, eventually being defeated by the vigilante Wraith. Criminal mastermind Justin Hammer hires Whiplash, and with the Melter and the original Blizzard attempt the robbery of an Atlantic City casino, but are stopped by Iron Man. Whiplash is released from prison by Hammer and battles Iron Man again as one of Hammer's costumed operatives, and despite overwhelming odds the hero defeats the villains.

Scarlotti is re-employed by an unnamed consortium, financed by Hammer, to kill Stark employee Vic Martinelli, and is provided with an upgraded costume and weaponry and the new alias Blacklash. Despite the upgrades, however, Scarlotti is defeated by Iron Man and humiliated by being dragged before his employers. Scarlotti makes a brief appearance as Whiplash as a paid employee of the master villain the Mad Thinker in a failed attempt to kill the hero the Thing who is recuperating at a New York hospital.

Scarlotti is eventually diagnosed as manic-depressive by prison psychiatrists. He attempts to reform, but rejected by his parents and residents of his home town, Scarlotti becomes Blacklash again. While attempting an assassination for the Maggia, Blacklash is confronted by Spider-Man whom he weakens with his whip, but is defeated by the second Iron Man. Blacklash is beaten by Spider-Man once again and is also apprehended by Captain America while committing several robberies. Blacklash is rehired by Justin Hammer and sent with the Beetle and the second Blizzard to assassinate Hammer's former agent Force. Iron Man, Jim Rhodes and Force, however, defeat the trio.

At Hammer's request Blacklash, Boomerang, and the second Blizzard stop industrial sabotage by the vigilante the Ghost. Blacklash is sent to work with Iron Man and Jim Rhodes against the saboteur, but betrays them. Together with Spider-Man villain the Rhino,  Blacklash hunts down fellow rogue agent the Scorpion, who fails to return stolen weaponry to Hammer.

Scarlotti decides to renounce his criminal identity and marries and has a child. A lack of money forces Scarlotti to assume his identity again, and he becomes the target of an assassin, who kills his wife when she returns to their apartment. As Blacklash, Scarlotti then finds and kills the assassin, and vows to abandon the identity of Blacklash forever. Scarlotti, however, is hired by a rival of Stark and returns as Whiplash, with an upgraded costume and new weaponry. Whiplash manages to battle Iron Man to a standstill in their first encounter, but is killed several weeks later by Iron Man's new sentient armor, which crushes Scarlotti's throat against Tony Stark's wishes.

Leeann Foreman 

The second Whiplash is Leeann Foreman, a professional criminal born in Wilmington, Delaware. She was a mutant with unrevealed abilities and used adamantium wires connected to her gloves as whips. She was part of Critical Mass's mutant Band of Baddies. The Baddies kidnapped a mutant girl and her father in order to coerce them to join their band. They forced the daughter to knock out Spider-Man and Wolverine, but they quickly recovered. The daughter then unleashed her powers, blew up the warehouse they were in, and defeated all of the Baddies. Whiplash disappeared after the daughter's telekinetic explosion enabled her to get free.

She later joined the Femme Fatales, and was hired by the Chameleon to lure Spider-Man into a trap by threatening a United Nations ambassador. Spider-Man defeated the Femme Fatales and saved the ambassador. The Fatales then joined forces with the Scorpion and the Tarantula, but all of them were defeated by Spider-Man and the Black Cat. The Femme Fatales later received an invitation to join Superia and her organization of female criminals, the Femizons. They accepted, and were among the superhuman females aboard Superia's cruise ship, where they battled Captain America and the Paladin. Whiplash also traveled to Superia's private island to be one of her new Femizons.

After the group disbanded, Whiplash teamed up with Orka, Shockwave and Killer Shrike in a plot to take over a retired aircraft carrier, the USS Intrepid. She and her allies were defeated by Heroes for Hire. She was later seen in "Bar With No Name" and in a black market auction for the Venom Symbiote.

During the "Hunt for Wolverine" storyline, Whiplash took the name of Snake Whip and is with the Femme Fatales when they assist Viper in attacking Kitty Pryde's group at the King's Impresario Restaurant in Madripoor. She engaged Jubilee in battle before Kitty Pryde gets her and Domino away from the restaurant. Following that victory, Snake Whip stayed by Viper's side as she ordered Knockout and Mindblast to have a defeated Rogue and Storm be delivered to their clients and when Viper speaks to a representative from Soteira. As Snake Whip asks if they are going to ignore Sapphire Styx's vampiric appetite, Viper says that they have to obey the representative's orders and "let the @#$%& feed." After another call from Soteira's representative, Viper and Snake Whip check up on Sapphire and find her acting strange claiming that Wolverine's Patch alias is here. Snake Whip works to restrain her only to get knocked out. Upon recovering, Snake Whip starts to see Patch attacking Sapphire even though Viper doesn't see it. After Sapphire Styx exploded enabling Psylocke to use her soul power to recreate a new body, Psylocke used her powers to defeat Bloodlust and use an illusion to trick Snake Whip into hitting the ground. Domino persuaded Snake Whip to surrender when her teammates are defeated. When the Femme Fatales were arrested, Kitty Pryde got the info about Soteira being after Wolverine from Snake Whip who gave the information to her in exchange for a light sentence.

Whiplash and Blacklash duo 
Two villains, a woman who is the third Whiplash and a man who is the second Blacklash, appear during the outset of the Superhuman Civil War. Both are past associates of the Swordsman (Andreas von Strucker) and frequenters of BDSM events before becoming supervillains. The duo are forcibly recruited into the Thunderbolts.

Construct 
This version of Whiplash is not a person, but a personality construct created by the aptly named Badgal. The construct is feminine and thus tends to possess females. Initially, Badgal used this construct to possess a random citizen, but later used it to possess Honey Lemon and later GoGo Tomago. When the Big Hero 6 defeat Badgal, this construct ceased to exist.

Anton Vanko 

Anton Vanko () is a young scientist from a small Russian village by the name of Volstok who has no relation to the original Crimson Dynamo. One day, the village is attacked by someone wearing a stolen suit of Iron Man armor, who murders a number of townspeople, including his father Igor Vanko () in an attempt to frame Tony Stark.

Using a specialized rifle, Vanko is able to shoot the impostor just before he flees, causing the chest plate on the armor to come off. Vanko becomes obsessed with exacting vengeance on Stark, still believing him to be the man who attacked his village, and decides to use the chest plate to fashion a suitable weapon to do so. Over the next six months, he reverse engineers a suit of body armor equipped with energy whips, and vows to kill Stark in order to avenge his father.

After breaking into the prison where Stark is being held for his alleged crimes, Vanko kills several guards and attempts to track down and murder Stark and his confidant Pepper Potts. Stark fights off Vanko using a crude suit of Iron Man armor fashioned from parts of various machines around the prison, and forces him to flee. After Stark tracks down the criminal syndicate who framed him, Vanko arrives at their headquarters, intent on finishing off Iron Man once and for all. It is there that Vanko learns that Stark was indeed framed and that the syndicate was hired to destroy Volstok by secret international consortium funded by several governments including USA and Russia, notably Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin, in order to wipe out an activist who was creating anti-Putin sentiments. Despite learning of Iron Man's innocence, Vanko makes one final attempt to kill him, claiming that even though he did not destroy the village, his technology did. After the building catches fire, both men are ultimately forced to run to safety, and Vanko then makes his escape. Following this, Stark is cleared of his alleged crimes, and helps rebuild Volstok. As this is happening, Vanko is seen in Moscow approaching Saint Basil's Cathedral in the Red Square preparing to properly exact vengeance this time around.

Whiplash is later recruited by Max Fury as a member of the Shadow Council's incarnation of the Masters of Evil.

During the Infinity storyline, Whiplash is among the villains recruited by Spymaster to help him in a plot to attack the almost-defenseless Stark Tower.

He later attacks Squirrel Girl and her sidekick Tippy-Toe when he mistakes her for Iron Man, since she was wearing one of his armors, but is later defeated.

Whiplash later appears as a member of Baron Helmut Zemo's third incarnation of the Masters of Evil.

Female Blacklash 
As part of the "All-New, All-Different Marvel," a female supervillain takes the name of Blacklash. The female Blacklash was hired by Power Broker through the Hench App to protect his unveiling of Hench App 2.0. She ended up fighting Ant-Man and Giant-Man (Raz Malhotra) when they show up to confront Power Broker. The battle ends with Blacklash escaping due to Giant-Man's crime fighting inexperience.

Powers and abilities 
Mark Scarlotti, courtesy of Justin Hammer, wears a bulletproof costume and wields a pair of cybernetically-controlled titanium whips that can extend to be swung fast enough to deflect bullets, or become rigid and be used as nunchaku or vaulting-poles. He also carries a variety of devices in a weapons pouch, including anti-gravity bolas and a necro-lash which releases electrical energy generated by his gauntlets. Scarlotti is a research engineer and weapons design specialist, with a college degree in engineering.

Leeann Foreman wears two gauntlets containing three spring-loaded retractable omnium steel whip-like cables on each of her arms. Each cable can extend a maximum length of about 25 feet and contains needle-sharp adamantium barbs on the tips. She wears a padded costume of synthetic stretch fabric laced with kevlar, leather shoulder padding, and steel breastplates and mask, which provides her some protection from physical damage.

The unnamed Whiplash and Blacklash have no apparent superhuman abilities, relying on advanced energized whips.

Anton Vanko possesses a suit of armor equipped with two energy whips built into the wrists. The whips are shown to be powerful enough to slash through a metal staircase, as well as deflect a barrage of gunfire. He is also a skilled athlete and possesses a deep understanding of robotics, enough that he was able to fashion his suit from a destroyed piece of Stark technology.

Other versions

Ultimate Marvel 
Orson Scott Card's Ultimate Iron Man features an alternate universe version named Marc Scott, a businessman competing with Tony Stark for military contracts via his company Whiplash.

The Ultimate Marvel version of Whiplash appears in the 150th issue of Ultimate Spider-Man. He is among a crowd as at Tony Stark's donation party outside the New York Hall of Science, when he attacks him only to be stopped by Spider-Man. He is seen wielding two electrical whips powered by some kind of battery. When asked by Stark as to why he is attacking him, Whiplash believes he is on a "mission from God to kill Tony Stark". It is revealed that he indeed is a Russian terrorist named Anton Vanko.

A new, female version of Whiplash later appears as part of a team of mercenaries known as the Femme Fatales.

In other media

Television 
 The Mark Scarlotti version of Blacklash appeared in the 1990s Iron Man animated series, voiced initially by James Avery and later by Dorian Harewood. He is a servant of the Mandarin alongside MODOK, Hypnotia, Dreadknight, Grey Gargoyle, Blizzard, Living Laser and Justin Hammer. Blacklash and Dreadknight often compete for Hypnotia's attention.
 A version of Whiplash appears in Iron Man: Armored Adventures, voiced by Peter Kelamis. This version is the cybernetic hitman of inventor/arms dealer Mr. Fix. He appears in the episodes "Whip Lash", "Man and Iron Man", "Invincible Iron Man: Disassembled", "Invincible Iron Man: Reborn", "Titanium vs. Iron", and "Hostile Takeover". In the episode "The Hammer Falls", it was mentioned that Titanium Man dumped him in a car compactor when he thought that Whiplash was the person who was blackmailing Justin Hammer.
 The unnamed female version of Whiplash has a cameo appearance in The Avengers: Earth's Mightiest Heroes. In the episode "The Breakout" Pt 1, she is seen as an inmate at the Vault. When the Vault loses power, Whiplash is among the prisoners that escape.
 The Anton Vanko version of Whiplash appears in the summer 2013 animated special Phineas and Ferb: Mission Marvel, voiced by Peter Stormare.
 A variation of Mark Scarlotti named Marcus Scarlotti appears in Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D., portrayed by Falk Hentschel. This version is a Hydra-aligned mercenary who wields a whip-like weapon in battle. In the episode "A Fractured House", Scarlotti was sent by Daniel Whitehall to lead a team of Hydra agents posing as S.H.I.E.L.D. agents to attack the United Nations, disintegrating several delegates with weapons called splinter bombs and nearly killing Brigadier General Glenn Talbot. Upon being led to a S.H.I.E.L.D. safehouse by Belgian Minister of Affairs/Hydra Agent Julien Beckers, Scarlotti and his team killed S.H.I.E.L.D. agent Noelle Walters with a splinter bomb. When Melinda May, Bobbi Morse, and Lance Hunter arrived at the safehouse, Marcus and the Hydra agents engaged them. May fought against Scarlotti while Hunter and Morse fought the other Hydra agents. He was defeated by Melinda May while the rest of his team was defeated by Lance and Bobbi. Scarlotti and the Hydra agents were arrested by the U.S. military led by Talbot (who also mentioned that Julien was also arrested while trying to leave the country).
 A younger version of the MCU incarnation of Anton Vanko appears in Agent Carter, portrayed by Costa Ronin.
 The Anton Vanko version of Whiplash appears in Avengers: Ultron Revolution, voiced by Troy Baker. This version previously fought Iron Man. In the episode "The Conqueror", he crashes a museum event of an exhibit and ensnares the Avengers with his upgraded whips. The Hulk manages to break free and yank Whiplash off the balcony. With a combination of Black Widow using water to short out his whips and the Hulk performing a power clap, Whiplash is defeated. Iron Man's analysis of Whiplash's whip fragment showed being upgraded by A.I.M. siphoning 30th Century technology that belonged to Kang the Conqueror.

Film 

Mickey Rourke portrays Ivan Antonovich Vanko, an original character and the son of Anton Vanko, based on Whiplash and the Crimson Dynamo, in Iron Man 2. A ruthless technological genius bent on ruining Tony Stark, he works alongside Justin Hammer and wields a pair of metal, electrified whips. Vanko is depicted as being very manipulative (particularly towards Hammer), yet is physically strong, capable of taking out two armed guards with little to no effort. He only has two major confrontations with Stark; the first time on a race track with solely the harness and whips and the second time at the Stark Expo with full body silver armor where he fights Iron Man and War Machine where he is defeated, and killed in an explosion.

Video games 
 The Mark Scarlotti version of Whiplash appears as a boss in the Iron Man video game, voiced by Zach McGowan. This version possesses the ability to extend straight, black, energy-charged whips from his hands and can also create a shield around himself.
 The Anton Vanko version of Whiplash was featured as a boss in the Facebook game Marvel: Avengers Alliance.
 The Anton Vanko version of Whiplash appears in Lego Marvel Super Heroes, voiced by John DiMaggio.
 The Iron Man 2 version of Whiplash appears as a playable character in Marvel: Future Fight.

Toys 
 2 figures of Whiplash were released in Hasbro's 3.75" Iron Man 2 movie tie-in line. A figure based on his appearance in Iron Man 2 was released in wave 2 and a figure based on the Anton Vanko version of Whiplash was released in wave 5.
 A figure of the Ivan Vanko Whiplash was released in the Final Battle 3-pack from the Marvel Super Hero Squad line, packaged with figures of Iron Man a Hammer Drone.
 A figure of Whiplash, based on his appearance in Iron Man 2 was released in wave 35 of the Marvel Minimates line, and a battle damaged version was released as an exclusive to the Borders bookstore chain.
 Hot Toys released a 12" figure of Whiplash as he appears in the film Iron Man 2.
 Mega Bloks released a Whiplash mini-figure in their series 2 figure blind packs.