1558 in music
Events 
April – Clemens Stephani is appointed Kantor at the Lateinschule in Eger.
9 August – Annibale Zoilo joins the Cappella Giulia in Rome
October – Nicolas de la Grotte marries Marie Cipran de St. Cloud
Orlande de Lassus marries Regina Wäckinger, the daughter of a Bavarian court official, in Munich.

Bands formed
Messina Cathedral cappella

Publications

Music
Giaches de Wert – Il secondo libro delle muse

Theory
Jan Blahoslav – Musica: to gest knjžka zpěwákům, published in Olomouc, the first book on music theory in the Czech language
Gioseffo Zarlino – Le istitutioni harmoniche (Harmonic Foundations)

Classical music

Births 
date unknown – Blasius Ammon, Franciscan friar, singer and composer (died 1590)
probable – Giovanni Bassano, Italian composer and cornettist

Deaths 
July – Georgius Macropedius, dramatist and composer (born c. 1475)
November – Hugh Aston, composer (born c.1485)
December – John Sheppard, singer and composer (born c.1515)
December 29 – Hermann Finck, composer (born 1527)
date unknown – Clément Janequin, composer (born c.1485)