Ameloblastic carcinoma: A case report and literature review
A 64-year-old male presented with toothache since 4 months in the left upper molar, following which tooth extraction was done. This resulted in failure of healing of the extraction socket and a soft tissue growth over it 3 months post extraction, causing a left mandibular swelling. Incisional biopsy was done and a diagnosis of ameloblastoma was made following which surgical excision of the tumor was done. The patient presented with recurrence of the swelling after 2 years. Clinical examination revealed a diffuse, non-tender swelling of the buccal sulcus of the mandible along with an intraoral sinus. The skin overlying the swelling seemed normal. No lymph nodes were palpable on neck examination. Radiological examination of head and neck revealed radiolucent lesion involving the body and ramus of the mandible, with ill-defined margins, along with destruction of the cortical plate. Chest X-ray and further clinical examination failed to reveal any metastasis. Incisional biopsy was done from the lesion.\nOn microscopic examination, the neoplasm was observed to be containing follicles and cords of cohesive, poorly differentiated malignant cells with a basaloid appearance []. The cells displayed pleomorphism with hyperchromatic nuclei with nucleoli and scant cytoplasm [Figures and ]. Mitosis was frequent. No stellate reticulum or squamous metaplasia was identified. Thus, a diagnosis of AC was made.