Chondrosarcoma of body of the mandible
A 60-year-old female patient reported to the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, with chief complaint of painless swelling at right side of the mandible, which had been present for 6 months. Two months back, the growth was excised incompletely by a general dental practitioner; unfortunately, the excised specimen was not sent for histopathological examination and was discarded, following which the remaining growth grew rapidly.\nExtraoral examination showed a swelling at body of the right mandible measuring 6 × 6 cm [] extending intraorally from right mandibular canine to distal aspect of right mandibular second molar. Swelling was bony hard, ill defined, and caused obliteration of right lower buccal vestibule. There was no regional lymphadenopathy.\nA panoramic radiograph revealed a widened periodontal space and an irregularly-shaped osteoblastic lesion with radiopacity. There were signs of sclerosis and new bone formation in the body of right mandible, which was extending to the angle region. There were signs of patchy bony destruction near the root of molar and premolar teeth [].\nAn incisional biopsy was performed which histopathologically revealed areas of hyaline cartilage in lobules with increased cellularity and cellular pleomorphism. Intervening tissue revealed fibrocollagenous stroma. Periphery of the lesion demarcated cellular dedifferentiation into the spindle cells. Mitosis was frequent. Focal calcification and liquefaction were also evident within the cartilage []. The case was hence diagnosed as chondrosarcoma.\nA segmental resection under general anesthesia was performed extending from the right lateral incisor and the ramus of the mandible, as the mandibular basal bone appeared to be affected. The surgical margins were free of malignant cells.