Surgical management of scalp arterio-venous malformation and scalp venous malformation: An experience of eleven cases
An 8-month-old male child presented with a 9 × 11 cm swelling in mid-frontal region extending more to the right up to the supra-orbital region. Swelling increased in size during cry and prone position of the baby, and it was compressible and non pulsatile. There was no other prominent vessel on face and scalp. The right orbit was a little downward and outward placed. Right half of his face was little hypoplastic. CT scan of brain showed extra-calvarial soft tissue mass in frontal region, and there was no apparent bony gap infront of anterior fontanel. CT angiogram showed soft tissue mass was vascular lesion connected with SSS through emissary veins and intracranial dural sinuses including SSS were normal. There were no prominent veins of face or scalp connected with vascular lesion. The lesion was excised completely by elevation of a bi-frontal flap through a post-hairline bi-coronal incision. Connecting emissary veins were coagulated and cut to remove the lesion. The lesion was well-defined capsulated without septation and filled with venous blood. Histopathology reported venous malformation-sinus pericranii. The patient recovered uneventfully (Figures and ) and has remained asymptomatic for last 5 years (until the last follow-up).