Familial Multiple Basal Cell Carcinoma (Gorlin's Syndrome): A Case Report of a Father and Son
A 70-year-old male presented with multiple black colored papules and plaques of various sizes present over the left infraorbital region and behind both retroauricular ear pinnae. This slowly progressed to form ulcerative lesions since last 1 year. On examination, the lesion over cheek was 4 × 3 cm in size with rolled on margins and hemorrhagic crust at the center []. Similar lesion of 2 × 1 cm size with mild oozing was also present behind the ear pinnae []. Apart from this, the patient also had multiple blackish hyperpigmented plaques of varying sizes ranging from 0.5 cm × 0.5 cm to 1 × 1 cm over forehead, scalp, abdomen, and axillae. Along with these he also had multiple palmoplantar pits [Figures and ]. Skeletal examination revealed bony deformities such as kyphoscoliosis, short neck, pectus carinatum, and sprengel deformity [Figures and ]. On investigating his X-ray skull revealed multiple osteolytic changes in the mandible secondary to odontogenic cyst, anterior wedge compression of D12, L1, L2 vertebral bodies with the presence of anterior osteophyte bodies in L1 and L2 vertebra []. Electencephalogram study was within their normal limits. CT brain did not reveal any abnormality. Diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) was confirmed by histopathology []. On the basis of above-said clinical, histopathological, and radiological findings, diagnosis of Gorlin syndrome was made. Further ulcerative BCC lesions were treated with wide excision followed by full thickness graft sutured with 5-0 prolene.\nHis only unmarried 28 year-old son was also examined for features of Gorlin syndrome and was found to have multiple palmar pits and bony deformities, that is, kyphoscoliosis, short neck, sprengel deformity, and pectus carinatum since birth. But there was no evidence of any basal cell carcinoma at time of examination.