Targeting the unfolded protein response, XBP1, and the NLRP3 inflammasome in fibrosis and cancer
A castrated 6.5-y-old, male Yorkshire terrier presented 3-legged lame with a 6 cm, firm mass in the area of the right proximal tibia and stifle joint. Seventeen months prior, the same lesion was surgically biopsied and diagnosed as a sarcoma, most consistent with osteosarcoma. During that time, the lesion had grown and the patient had become progressively more lame, but 3-view thoracic radiographs showed no evidence of progressive disease. The owner declined other treatment, and was then offered Naclynamide. The patient was treated with intravenous Naclynamide for 6.5 wk with little to no change noted in the tumor size based on caliper measurement and repeat radiographs. Softening of the central tumor was noted, however, as evidenced by a progressively increasing range of motion starting in the second week of Naclynamide treatment. Eventually, the patient’s tumor and limb were amputated and the patient received a 2-wk course of Naclynamide to treat potential metastases. The mass was biopsied and again confirmed to be osteosarcoma.