static int countSetBits ( int n ) {
  n ++ ;
  int powerOf2 = 2 ;
  int cnt = n / 2 ;
  while ( powerOf2 <= n ) {
    int totalPairs = n / powerOf2 ;
    cnt += ( totalPairs / 2 ) * powerOf2 ;
    cnt += ( totalPairs % 2 == 1 ) ? ( n % powerOf2 ) : 0 ;
    powerOf2 <<= 1 ;
  }
  return cnt ;
}

static int countSetBits ( int n ) { n ++ ; int powerOf2 = 2 ; int cnt = n / 2 ; while ( powerOf2 <= n ) { int totalPairs = n / powerOf2 ; cnt += ( totalPairs / 2 ) * powerOf2 ; cnt += ( totalPairs % 2 == 1 ) ? ( n % powerOf2 ) : 0 ; powerOf2 <<= 1 ; } return cnt ; }
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