""" Author: Yao Feng Copyright (c) 2020, Yao Feng All rights reserved. """ import imageio import numpy as np import torch import torch.nn as nn import torch.nn.functional as F from skimage.io import imread from . import util def set_rasterizer(type="pytorch3d"): if type == "pytorch3d": global Meshes, load_obj, rasterize_meshes from pytorch3d.io import load_obj from pytorch3d.renderer.mesh import rasterize_meshes from pytorch3d.structures import Meshes elif type == "standard": global standard_rasterize, load_obj import os # Use JIT Compiling Extensions # ref: https://pytorch.org/tutorials/advanced/cpp_extension.html from torch.utils.cpp_extension import CUDA_HOME, load from .util import load_obj curr_dir = os.path.dirname(__file__) standard_rasterize_cuda = load( name="standard_rasterize_cuda", sources=[ f"{curr_dir}/rasterizer/standard_rasterize_cuda.cpp", f"{curr_dir}/rasterizer/standard_rasterize_cuda_kernel.cu", ], extra_cuda_cflags=["-std=c++14", "-ccbin=$$(which gcc-7)"], ) # cuda10.2 is not compatible with gcc9. Specify gcc 7 from standard_rasterize_cuda import standard_rasterize # If JIT does not work, try manually installation first # 1. see instruction here: pixielib/utils/rasterizer/INSTALL.md # 2. add this: "from .rasterizer.standard_rasterize_cuda import standard_rasterize" here class StandardRasterizer(nn.Module): """Alg: https://www.scratchapixel.com/lessons/3d-basic-rendering/rasterization-practical-implementation Notice: x,y,z are in image space, normalized to [-1, 1] can render non-squared image not differentiable """ def __init__(self, height, width=None): """ use fixed raster_settings for rendering faces """ super().__init__() if width is None: width = height self.h = h = height self.w = w = width def forward(self, vertices, faces, attributes=None, h=None, w=None): device = vertices.device if h is None: h = self.h if w is None: w = self.h bz = vertices.shape[0] depth_buffer = torch.zeros([bz, h, w]).float().to(device) + 1e6 triangle_buffer = torch.zeros([bz, h, w]).int().to(device) - 1 baryw_buffer = torch.zeros([bz, h, w, 3]).float().to(device) vert_vis = torch.zeros([bz, vertices.shape[1]]).float().to(device) vertices = vertices.clone().float() vertices[..., 0] = vertices[..., 0] * w / 2 + w / 2 vertices[..., 1] = vertices[..., 1] * h / 2 + h / 2 vertices[..., 2] = vertices[..., 2] * w / 2 f_vs = util.face_vertices(vertices, faces) standard_rasterize(f_vs, depth_buffer, triangle_buffer, baryw_buffer, h, w) pix_to_face = triangle_buffer[:, :, :, None].long() bary_coords = baryw_buffer[:, :, :, None, :] vismask = (pix_to_face > -1).float() D = attributes.shape[-1] attributes = attributes.clone() attributes = attributes.view( attributes.shape[0] * attributes.shape[1], 3, attributes.shape[-1] ) N, H, W, K, _ = bary_coords.shape mask = pix_to_face == -1 pix_to_face = pix_to_face.clone() pix_to_face[mask] = 0 idx = pix_to_face.view(N * H * W * K, 1, 1).expand(N * H * W * K, 3, D) pixel_face_vals = attributes.gather(0, idx).view(N, H, W, K, 3, D) pixel_vals = (bary_coords[..., None] * pixel_face_vals).sum(dim=-2) pixel_vals[mask] = 0 # Replace masked values in output. pixel_vals = pixel_vals[:, :, :, 0].permute(0, 3, 1, 2) pixel_vals = torch.cat([pixel_vals, vismask[:, :, :, 0][:, None, :, :]], dim=1) return pixel_vals class Pytorch3dRasterizer(nn.Module): """Borrowed from https://github.com/facebookresearch/pytorch3d This class implements methods for rasterizing a batch of heterogenous Meshes. Notice: x,y,z are in image space, normalized can only render squared image now """ def __init__(self, image_size=224): """ use fixed raster_settings for rendering faces """ super().__init__() raster_settings = { "image_size": image_size, "blur_radius": 0.0, "faces_per_pixel": 1, "bin_size": -1, "max_faces_per_bin": None, "perspective_correct": False, } raster_settings = util.dict2obj(raster_settings) self.raster_settings = raster_settings def forward(self, vertices, faces, attributes=None, h=None, w=None): fixed_vertices = vertices.clone() fixed_vertices[..., :2] = -fixed_vertices[..., :2] meshes_screen = Meshes(verts=fixed_vertices.float(), faces=faces.long()) raster_settings = self.raster_settings pix_to_face, zbuf, bary_coords, dists = rasterize_meshes( meshes_screen, image_size=raster_settings.image_size, blur_radius=raster_settings.blur_radius, faces_per_pixel=raster_settings.faces_per_pixel, bin_size=raster_settings.bin_size, max_faces_per_bin=raster_settings.max_faces_per_bin, perspective_correct=raster_settings.perspective_correct, ) vismask = (pix_to_face > -1).float() D = attributes.shape[-1] attributes = attributes.clone() attributes = attributes.view( attributes.shape[0] * attributes.shape[1], 3, attributes.shape[-1] ) N, H, W, K, _ = bary_coords.shape mask = pix_to_face == -1 pix_to_face = pix_to_face.clone() pix_to_face[mask] = 0 idx = pix_to_face.view(N * H * W * K, 1, 1).expand(N * H * W * K, 3, D) pixel_face_vals = attributes.gather(0, idx).view(N, H, W, K, 3, D) pixel_vals = (bary_coords[..., None] * pixel_face_vals).sum(dim=-2) pixel_vals[mask] = 0 # Replace masked values in output. pixel_vals = pixel_vals[:, :, :, 0].permute(0, 3, 1, 2) pixel_vals = torch.cat([pixel_vals, vismask[:, :, :, 0][:, None, :, :]], dim=1) return pixel_vals class SRenderY(nn.Module): def __init__(self, image_size, obj_filename, uv_size=256, rasterizer_type="standard"): super(SRenderY, self).__init__() self.image_size = image_size self.uv_size = uv_size if rasterizer_type == "pytorch3d": self.rasterizer = Pytorch3dRasterizer(image_size) self.uv_rasterizer = Pytorch3dRasterizer(uv_size) verts, faces, aux = load_obj(obj_filename) uvcoords = aux.verts_uvs[None, ...] # (N, V, 2) uvfaces = faces.textures_idx[None, ...] # (N, F, 3) faces = faces.verts_idx[None, ...] elif rasterizer_type == "standard": self.rasterizer = StandardRasterizer(image_size) self.uv_rasterizer = StandardRasterizer(uv_size) verts, uvcoords, faces, uvfaces = load_obj(obj_filename) verts = verts[None, ...] uvcoords = uvcoords[None, ...] faces = faces[None, ...] uvfaces = uvfaces[None, ...] else: NotImplementedError # faces dense_triangles = util.generate_triangles(uv_size, uv_size) self.register_buffer("dense_faces", torch.from_numpy(dense_triangles).long()[None, :, :]) self.register_buffer("faces", faces) self.register_buffer("raw_uvcoords", uvcoords) # uv coords uvcoords = torch.cat([uvcoords, uvcoords[:, :, 0:1] * 0.0 + 1.0], -1) # [bz, ntv, 3] uvcoords = uvcoords * 2 - 1 uvcoords[..., 1] = -uvcoords[..., 1] face_uvcoords = util.face_vertices(uvcoords, uvfaces) self.register_buffer("uvcoords", uvcoords) self.register_buffer("uvfaces", uvfaces) self.register_buffer("face_uvcoords", face_uvcoords) # shape colors, for rendering shape overlay colors = ( torch.tensor([180, 180, 180])[None, None, :].repeat(1, faces.max() + 1, 1).float() / 255.0 ) face_colors = util.face_vertices(colors, faces) self.register_buffer("vertex_colors", colors) self.register_buffer("face_colors", face_colors) # SH factors for lighting pi = np.pi constant_factor = torch.tensor([ 1 / np.sqrt(4 * pi), ((2 * pi) / 3) * (np.sqrt(3 / (4 * pi))), ((2 * pi) / 3) * (np.sqrt(3 / (4 * pi))), ((2 * pi) / 3) * (np.sqrt(3 / (4 * pi))), (pi / 4) * (3) * (np.sqrt(5 / (12 * pi))), (pi / 4) * (3) * (np.sqrt(5 / (12 * pi))), (pi / 4) * (3) * (np.sqrt(5 / (12 * pi))), (pi / 4) * (3 / 2) * (np.sqrt(5 / (12 * pi))), (pi / 4) * (1 / 2) * (np.sqrt(5 / (4 * pi))), ]).float() self.register_buffer("constant_factor", constant_factor) def forward( self, vertices, transformed_vertices, albedos, lights=None, light_type="point", background=None, h=None, w=None, ): """ -- Texture Rendering vertices: [batch_size, V, 3], vertices in world space, for calculating normals, then shading transformed_vertices: [batch_size, V, 3], rnage:[-1,1], projected vertices, in image space, for rasterization albedos: [batch_size, 3, h, w], uv map lights: spherical homarnic: [N, 9(shcoeff), 3(rgb)] points/directional lighting: [N, n_lights, 6(xyzrgb)] light_type: point or directional """ batch_size = vertices.shape[0] # normalize z to 10-90 for raterization (in pytorch3d, near far: 0-100) transformed_vertices = transformed_vertices.clone() transformed_vertices[:, :, 2] = ( transformed_vertices[:, :, 2] - transformed_vertices[:, :, 2].min() ) transformed_vertices[:, :, 2] = ( transformed_vertices[:, :, 2] / transformed_vertices[:, :, 2].max() ) transformed_vertices[:, :, 2] = transformed_vertices[:, :, 2] * 80 + 10 # attributes face_vertices = util.face_vertices(vertices, self.faces.expand(batch_size, -1, -1)) normals = util.vertex_normals(vertices, self.faces.expand(batch_size, -1, -1)) face_normals = util.face_vertices(normals, self.faces.expand(batch_size, -1, -1)) transformed_normals = util.vertex_normals( transformed_vertices, self.faces.expand(batch_size, -1, -1) ) transformed_face_normals = util.face_vertices( transformed_normals, self.faces.expand(batch_size, -1, -1) ) attributes = torch.cat( [ self.face_uvcoords.expand(batch_size, -1, -1, -1), transformed_face_normals.detach(), face_vertices.detach(), face_normals, ], -1, ) # rasterize rendering = self.rasterizer( transformed_vertices, self.faces.expand(batch_size, -1, -1), attributes, h, w, ) #### # vis mask alpha_images = rendering[:, -1, :, :][:, None, :, :].detach() # albedo uvcoords_images = rendering[:, :3, :, :] grid = (uvcoords_images).permute(0, 2, 3, 1)[:, :, :, :2] albedo_images = F.grid_sample(albedos, grid, align_corners=False) # visible mask for pixels with positive normal direction transformed_normal_map = rendering[:, 3:6, :, :].detach() pos_mask = (transformed_normal_map[:, 2:, :, :] < -0.05).float() # shading normal_images = rendering[:, 9:12, :, :] if lights is not None: if lights.shape[1] == 9: shading_images = self.add_SHlight(normal_images, lights) else: if light_type == "point": vertice_images = rendering[:, 6:9, :, :].detach() shading = self.add_pointlight( vertice_images.permute(0, 2, 3, 1).reshape([batch_size, -1, 3]), normal_images.permute(0, 2, 3, 1).reshape([batch_size, -1, 3]), lights, ) shading_images = shading.reshape([ batch_size, albedo_images.shape[2], albedo_images.shape[3], 3 ]).permute(0, 3, 1, 2) else: shading = self.add_directionlight( normal_images.permute(0, 2, 3, 1).reshape([batch_size, -1, 3]), lights, ) shading_images = shading.reshape([ batch_size, albedo_images.shape[2], albedo_images.shape[3], 3 ]).permute(0, 3, 1, 2) images = albedo_images * shading_images else: images = albedo_images shading_images = images.detach() * 0.0 if background is None: images = images * alpha_images + torch.ones_like(images).to(vertices.device ) * (1 - alpha_images) else: # background = F.interpolate(background, [self.image_size, self.image_size]) images = images * alpha_images + background.contiguous() * (1 - alpha_images) outputs = { "images": images, "albedo_images": albedo_images, "alpha_images": alpha_images, "pos_mask": pos_mask, "shading_images": shading_images, "grid": grid, "normals": normals, "normal_images": normal_images, "transformed_normals": transformed_normals, } return outputs def add_SHlight(self, normal_images, sh_coeff): """ sh_coeff: [bz, 9, 3] """ N = normal_images sh = torch.stack( [ N[:, 0] * 0.0 + 1.0, N[:, 0], N[:, 1], N[:, 2], N[:, 0] * N[:, 1], N[:, 0] * N[:, 2], N[:, 1] * N[:, 2], N[:, 0]**2 - N[:, 1]**2, 3 * (N[:, 2]**2) - 1, ], 1, ) # [bz, 9, h, w] sh = sh * self.constant_factor[None, :, None, None] # [bz, 9, 3, h, w] shading = torch.sum(sh_coeff[:, :, :, None, None] * sh[:, :, None, :, :], 1) return shading def add_pointlight(self, vertices, normals, lights): """ vertices: [bz, nv, 3] lights: [bz, nlight, 6] returns: shading: [bz, nv, 3] """ light_positions = lights[:, :, :3] light_intensities = lights[:, :, 3:] directions_to_lights = F.normalize( light_positions[:, :, None, :] - vertices[:, None, :, :], dim=3 ) # normals_dot_lights = torch.clamp((normals[:,None,:,:]*directions_to_lights).sum(dim=3), 0., 1.) normals_dot_lights = (normals[:, None, :, :] * directions_to_lights).sum(dim=3) shading = normals_dot_lights[:, :, :, None] * light_intensities[:, :, None, :] return shading.mean(1) def add_directionlight(self, normals, lights): """ normals: [bz, nv, 3] lights: [bz, nlight, 6] returns: shading: [bz, nv, 3] """ light_direction = lights[:, :, :3] light_intensities = lights[:, :, 3:] directions_to_lights = F.normalize( light_direction[:, :, None, :].expand(-1, -1, normals.shape[1], -1), dim=3 ) # normals_dot_lights = torch.clamp((normals[:,None,:,:]*directions_to_lights).sum(dim=3), 0., 1.) # normals_dot_lights = (normals[:,None,:,:]*directions_to_lights).sum(dim=3) normals_dot_lights = torch.clamp((normals[:, None, :, :] * directions_to_lights).sum(dim=3), 0.0, 1.0) shading = normals_dot_lights[:, :, :, None] * light_intensities[:, :, None, :] return shading.mean(1) def render_shape( self, vertices, transformed_vertices, colors=None, background=None, detail_normal_images=None, lights=None, return_grid=False, uv_detail_normals=None, h=None, w=None, ): """ -- rendering shape with detail normal map """ batch_size = vertices.shape[0] if lights is None: light_positions = ( torch.tensor([ [-5, 5, -5], [5, 5, -5], [-5, -5, -5], [5, -5, -5], [0, 0, -5], ])[None, :, :].expand(batch_size, -1, -1).float() ) light_intensities = torch.ones_like(light_positions).float() * 1.7 lights = torch.cat((light_positions, light_intensities), 2).to(vertices.device) # normalize z to 10-90 for raterization (in pytorch3d, near far: 0-100) transformed_vertices = transformed_vertices.clone() transformed_vertices[:, :, 2] = ( transformed_vertices[:, :, 2] - transformed_vertices[:, :, 2].min() ) transformed_vertices[:, :, 2] = ( transformed_vertices[:, :, 2] / transformed_vertices[:, :, 2].max() ) transformed_vertices[:, :, 2] = transformed_vertices[:, :, 2] * 80 + 10 # Attributes face_vertices = util.face_vertices(vertices, self.faces.expand(batch_size, -1, -1)) normals = util.vertex_normals(vertices, self.faces.expand(batch_size, -1, -1)) face_normals = util.face_vertices(normals, self.faces.expand(batch_size, -1, -1)) transformed_normals = util.vertex_normals( transformed_vertices, self.faces.expand(batch_size, -1, -1) ) transformed_face_normals = util.face_vertices( transformed_normals, self.faces.expand(batch_size, -1, -1) ) if colors is None: colors = self.face_colors.expand(batch_size, -1, -1, -1) attributes = torch.cat( [ colors, transformed_face_normals.detach(), face_vertices.detach(), face_normals, self.face_uvcoords.expand(batch_size, -1, -1, -1), ], -1, ) # rasterize rendering = self.rasterizer( transformed_vertices, self.faces.expand(batch_size, -1, -1), attributes, h, w, ) #### alpha_images = rendering[:, -1, :, :][:, None, :, :].detach() # albedo albedo_images = rendering[:, :3, :, :] # mask transformed_normal_map = rendering[:, 3:6, :, :].detach() pos_mask = (transformed_normal_map[:, 2:, :, :] < 0).float() # shading normal_images = rendering[:, 9:12, :, :].detach() vertice_images = rendering[:, 6:9, :, :].detach() if detail_normal_images is not None: normal_images = detail_normal_images if uv_detail_normals is not None: uvcoords_images = rendering[:, 12:15, :, :] grid = (uvcoords_images).permute(0, 2, 3, 1)[:, :, :, :2] detail_normal_images = F.grid_sample(uv_detail_normals, grid, align_corners=False) normal_images = detail_normal_images shading = self.add_directionlight( normal_images.permute(0, 2, 3, 1).reshape([batch_size, -1, 3]), lights ) shading_images = ( shading.reshape([batch_size, albedo_images.shape[2], albedo_images.shape[3], 3]).permute(0, 3, 1, 2).contiguous() ) shaded_images = albedo_images * shading_images if background is None: shape_images = shaded_images * alpha_images + torch.ones_like(shaded_images).to( vertices.device ) * (1 - alpha_images) else: # background = F.interpolate(background, [self.image_size, self.image_size]) shape_images = shaded_images * alpha_images + background.contiguous( ) * (1 - alpha_images) if return_grid: uvcoords_images = rendering[:, 12:15, :, :] grid = (uvcoords_images).permute(0, 2, 3, 1)[:, :, :, :2] return shape_images, normal_images, grid else: return shape_images def render_depth(self, transformed_vertices): """ -- rendering depth """ transformed_vertices = transformed_vertices.clone() batch_size = transformed_vertices.shape[0] transformed_vertices[:, :, 2] = ( transformed_vertices[:, :, 2] - transformed_vertices[:, :, 2].min() ) z = -transformed_vertices[:, :, 2:].repeat(1, 1, 3) z = z - z.min() z = z / z.max() # Attributes attributes = util.face_vertices(z, self.faces.expand(batch_size, -1, -1)) # rasterize rendering = self.rasterizer( transformed_vertices, self.faces.expand(batch_size, -1, -1), attributes ) #### alpha_images = rendering[:, -1, :, :][:, None, :, :].detach() depth_images = rendering[:, :1, :, :] return depth_images def render_colors(self, transformed_vertices, colors, h=None, w=None): """ -- rendering colors: could be rgb color/ normals, etc colors: [bz, num of vertices, 3] """ transformed_vertices = transformed_vertices.clone() batch_size = colors.shape[0] # normalize z to 10-90 for raterization (in pytorch3d, near far: 0-100) transformed_vertices[:, :, 2] = ( transformed_vertices[:, :, 2] - transformed_vertices[:, :, 2].min() ) transformed_vertices[:, :, 2] = ( transformed_vertices[:, :, 2] / transformed_vertices[:, :, 2].max() ) transformed_vertices[:, :, 2] = transformed_vertices[:, :, 2] * 80 + 10 # Attributes attributes = util.face_vertices(colors, self.faces.expand(batch_size, -1, -1)) # rasterize rendering = self.rasterizer( transformed_vertices, self.faces.expand(batch_size, -1, -1), attributes, h=h, w=w, ) #### alpha_images = rendering[:, [-1], :, :].detach() images = rendering[:, :3, :, :] * alpha_images return images def world2uv(self, vertices): """ project vertices from world space to uv space vertices: [bz, V, 3] uv_vertices: [bz, 3, h, w] """ batch_size = vertices.shape[0] face_vertices = util.face_vertices(vertices, self.faces.expand(batch_size, -1, -1)) uv_vertices = self.uv_rasterizer( self.uvcoords.expand(batch_size, -1, -1), self.uvfaces.expand(batch_size, -1, -1), face_vertices, )[:, :3] return uv_vertices