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<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE PubmedArticleSet PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD PubMedArticle, 1st January 2024//EN" "https://dtd.nlm.nih.gov/ncbi/pubmed/out/pubmed_240101.dtd">
<PubmedArticleSet>
<PubmedArticle>
<MedlineCitation Status="MEDLINE" Owner="NLM" IndexingMethod="Automated">
<PMID Version="1">36473651</PMID>
<DateCompleted>
<Year>2022</Year>
<Month>12</Month>
<Day>15</Day>
</DateCompleted>
<DateRevised>
<Year>2024</Year>
<Month>06</Month>
<Day>05</Day>
</DateRevised>
<Article PubModel="Electronic">
<Journal>
<ISSN IssnType="Electronic">1469-493X</ISSN>
<JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet">
<Volume>12</Volume>
<Issue>12</Issue>
<PubDate>
<Year>2022</Year>
<Month>Dec</Month>
<Day>07</Day>
</PubDate>
</JournalIssue>
<Title>The Cochrane database of systematic reviews</Title>
<ISOAbbreviation>Cochrane Database Syst Rev</ISOAbbreviation>
</Journal>
<ArticleTitle>Efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines.</ArticleTitle>
<Pagination>
<StartPage>CD015477</StartPage>
<MedlinePgn>CD015477</MedlinePgn>
</Pagination>
<ELocationID EIdType="pii" ValidYN="Y">CD015477</ELocationID>
<ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1002/14651858.CD015477</ELocationID>
<Abstract>
<AbstractText Label="BACKGROUND">Different forms of vaccines have been developed
to prevent the SARS-CoV-2 virus and subsequent COVID-19 disease. Several are
in widespread use globally.&#xa0; OBJECTIVES: To assess the efficacy and
safety of COVID-19 vaccines (as a full primary vaccination series or a
booster dose) against SARS-CoV-2.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="SEARCH METHODS">We searched the Cochrane COVID-19 Study
Register and the COVID-19 L&#xb7;OVE platform (last search date 5 November
2021). We also searched the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry
Platform, regulatory agency websites, and Retraction Watch.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="SELECTION CRITERIA">We included randomized controlled
trials (RCTs) comparing COVID-19 vaccines to placebo, no vaccine, other
active vaccines, or other vaccine schedules.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS">We used standard Cochrane
methods. We used GRADE to assess the certainty of evidence for all except
immunogenicity outcomes.&#xa0; We synthesized data for each vaccine
separately and presented summary effect estimates with 95% confidence
intervals (CIs).&#xa0; MAIN RESULTS: We included and analyzed 41 RCTs
assessing 12 different vaccines, including homologous and heterologous
vaccine schedules and the effect of booster doses. Thirty-two RCTs were
multicentre and five were multinational. The sample sizes of RCTs were 60 to
44,325 participants. Participants were aged: 18 years or older in 36 RCTs;
12 years or older in one RCT; 12 to 17 years in two RCTs; and three to 17
years in two RCTs. Twenty-nine RCTs provided results for individuals aged
over 60 years, and three RCTs included immunocompromized patients. No trials
included pregnant women. Sixteen RCTs had two-month follow-up or less, 20
RCTs had two to six months, and five RCTs had greater than six to 12 months
or less. Eighteen reports were based on preplanned interim analyses. Overall
risk of bias was low for all outcomes in eight RCTs, while 33 had concerns
for at least one outcome. We identified 343 registered RCTs with results not
yet available.&#xa0; This abstract reports results for the critical outcomes
of confirmed symptomatic COVID-19, severe and critical COVID-19, and serious
adverse events only for the 10 WHO-approved vaccines. For remaining outcomes
and vaccines, see main text. The evidence for mortality was generally sparse
and of low or very low certainty for all WHO-approved vaccines, except
AD26.COV2.S (Janssen), which probably reduces the risk of all-cause
mortality (risk ratio (RR) 0.25, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.67; 1 RCT, 43,783
participants; high-certainty evidence). Confirmed symptomatic COVID-19
High-certainty evidence found that BNT162b2 (BioNtech/Fosun Pharma/Pfizer),
mRNA-1273 (ModernaTx), ChAdOx1 (Oxford/AstraZeneca), Ad26.COV2.S, BBIBP-CorV
(Sinopharm-Beijing), and BBV152 (Bharat Biotect) reduce the incidence of
symptomatic COVID-19 compared to placebo (vaccine efficacy (VE): BNT162b2:
97.84%, 95% CI 44.25% to 99.92%; 2 RCTs, 44,077 participants; mRNA-1273:
93.20%, 95% CI 91.06% to 94.83%; 2 RCTs, 31,632 participants; ChAdOx1:
70.23%, 95% CI 62.10% to 76.62%; 2 RCTs, 43,390 participants; Ad26.COV2.S:
66.90%, 95% CI 59.10% to 73.40%; 1 RCT, 39,058 participants; BBIBP-CorV:
78.10%, 95% CI 64.80% to 86.30%; 1 RCT, 25,463 participants; BBV152: 77.80%,
95% CI 65.20% to 86.40%; 1 RCT, 16,973 participants). Moderate-certainty
evidence found that NVX-CoV2373 (Novavax) probably reduces the incidence of
symptomatic COVID-19 compared to placebo (VE 82.91%, 95% CI 50.49% to
94.10%; 3 RCTs, 42,175 participants). There is low-certainty evidence for
CoronaVac (Sinovac) for this outcome (VE 69.81%, 95% CI 12.27% to 89.61%; 2
RCTs, 19,852 participants). Severe or critical COVID-19 High-certainty
evidence found that BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, Ad26.COV2.S, and BBV152 result in a
large reduction in incidence of severe or critical disease due to COVID-19
compared to placebo (VE: BNT162b2: 95.70%, 95% CI 73.90% to 99.90%; 1 RCT,
46,077 participants; mRNA-1273: 98.20%, 95% CI 92.80% to 99.60%; 1 RCT,
28,451 participants; AD26.COV2.S: 76.30%, 95% CI 57.90% to 87.50%; 1 RCT,
39,058 participants; BBV152: 93.40%, 95% CI 57.10% to 99.80%; 1 RCT, 16,976
participants). Moderate-certainty evidence found that NVX-CoV2373 probably
reduces the incidence of severe or critical COVID-19 (VE 100.00%, 95% CI
86.99% to 100.00%; 1 RCT, 25,452 participants). Two trials reported high
efficacy of CoronaVac for severe or critical disease with wide CIs, but
these results could not be pooled. Serious adverse events (SAEs) mRNA-1273,
ChAdOx1 (Oxford-AstraZeneca)/SII-ChAdOx1 (Serum Institute of India),
Ad26.COV2.S, and BBV152 probably result in little or no difference in SAEs
compared to placebo (RR: mRNA-1273: 0.92, 95% CI 0.78 to 1.08; 2 RCTs,
34,072 participants; ChAdOx1/SII-ChAdOx1: 0.88, 95% CI 0.72 to 1.07; 7 RCTs,
58,182 participants; Ad26.COV2.S: 0.92, 95% CI 0.69 to 1.22; 1 RCT, 43,783
participants); BBV152: 0.65, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.97; 1 RCT, 25,928
participants). In each of these, the likely absolute difference in effects
was fewer than 5/1000 participants. Evidence for SAEs is uncertain for
BNT162b2, CoronaVac, BBIBP-CorV, and NVX-CoV2373 compared to placebo (RR:
BNT162b2: 1.30, 95% CI 0.55 to 3.07; 2 RCTs, 46,107 participants; CoronaVac:
0.97, 95% CI 0.62 to 1.51; 4 RCTs, 23,139 participants; BBIBP-CorV: 0.76,
95% CI 0.54 to 1.06; 1 RCT, 26,924 participants; NVX-CoV2373: 0.92, 95% CI
0.74 to 1.14; 4 RCTs, 38,802 participants). For the evaluation of
heterologous schedules, booster doses, and efficacy against variants of
concern, see main text of review.</AbstractText>
<AbstractText Label="AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS">Compared to placebo, most vaccines
reduce, or likely reduce, the proportion of participants with confirmed
symptomatic COVID-19, and for some, there is high-certainty evidence that
they reduce severe or critical disease. There is probably little or no
difference between most vaccines and placebo for serious adverse events.
Over 300 registered RCTs are evaluating the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines,
and this review is updated regularly on the COVID-NMA platform
(covid-nma.com). Implications for practice Due to the trial exclusions,
these results cannot be generalized to pregnant women, individuals with a
history of SARS-CoV-2 infection, or immunocompromized people. Most trials
had a short follow-up and were conducted before the emergence of variants of
concern. Implications for research Future research should evaluate the
long-term effect of vaccines, compare different vaccines and vaccine
schedules, assess vaccine efficacy and safety in specific populations, and
include outcomes such as preventing long COVID-19. Ongoing evaluation of
vaccine efficacy and effectiveness against emerging variants of concern is
also vital.</AbstractText>
<CopyrightInformation>Copyright &#xa9; 2022 The Authors. Cochrane Database of
Systematic Reviews published by John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd. on behalf of The
Cochrane Collaboration.</CopyrightInformation>
</Abstract>
<AuthorList CompleteYN="Y">
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Gra&#xf1;a</LastName>
<ForeName>Carolina</ForeName>
<Initials>C</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Cochrane France, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS),
INSERM, INRAE, Universit&#xe9; de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Ghosn</LastName>
<ForeName>Lina</ForeName>
<Initials>L</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Cochrane France, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS),
INSERM, INRAE, Universit&#xe9; de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Evrenoglou</LastName>
<ForeName>Theodoros</ForeName>
<Initials>T</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS),
INSERM, INRAE, Universit&#xe9; de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Jarde</LastName>
<ForeName>Alexander</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Cochrane France, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS),
INSERM, INRAE, Universit&#xe9; de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Minozzi</LastName>
<ForeName>Silvia</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Cochrane Review Group on Drugs and Alcohol, Rome, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Bergman</LastName>
<ForeName>Hanna</ForeName>
<Initials>H</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Cochrane Response, Cochrane, London, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Buckley</LastName>
<ForeName>Brian S</ForeName>
<Initials>BS</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Cochrane Response, Cochrane, London, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Probyn</LastName>
<ForeName>Katrin</ForeName>
<Initials>K</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Cochrane Response, Cochrane, London, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Villanueva</LastName>
<ForeName>Gemma</ForeName>
<Initials>G</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Cochrane Response, Cochrane, London, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Henschke</LastName>
<ForeName>Nicholas</ForeName>
<Initials>N</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Cochrane Response, Cochrane, London, UK.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Bonnet</LastName>
<ForeName>Hillary</ForeName>
<Initials>H</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Cochrane France, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS),
INSERM, INRAE, Universit&#xe9; de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Assi</LastName>
<ForeName>Rouba</ForeName>
<Initials>R</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Cochrane France, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS),
INSERM, INRAE, Universit&#xe9; de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Menon</LastName>
<ForeName>Sonia</ForeName>
<Initials>S</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Cochrane France, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Marti</LastName>
<ForeName>Melanie</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Department of Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals, World
Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Devane</LastName>
<ForeName>Declan</ForeName>
<Initials>D</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Evidence Synthesis Ireland, Cochrane Ireland and HRB-Trials
Methodology Research Network, National University of Ireland,
Galway, Ireland.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Mallon</LastName>
<ForeName>Patrick</ForeName>
<Initials>P</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>UCD Centre for Experimental Pathogen Host Research and UCD
School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Lelievre</LastName>
<ForeName>Jean-Daniel</ForeName>
<Initials>JD</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Department of Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases,
Henri Mondor Hospital, Vaccine Research Institute, Universit&#xe9;
Paris Est Cr&#xe9;teil, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Askie</LastName>
<ForeName>Lisa M</ForeName>
<Initials>LM</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Quality Assurance Norms and Standards Department, World
Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Kredo</LastName>
<ForeName>Tamara</ForeName>
<Initials>T</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research
Council, Cape Town, South Africa.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Ferrand</LastName>
<ForeName>Gabriel</ForeName>
<Initials>G</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Cochrane France, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Davidson</LastName>
<ForeName>Mauricia</ForeName>
<Initials>M</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Cochrane France, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS),
INSERM, INRAE, Universit&#xe9; de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Riveros</LastName>
<ForeName>Carolina</ForeName>
<Initials>C</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Cochrane France, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS),
INSERM, INRAE, Universit&#xe9; de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Tovey</LastName>
<ForeName>David</ForeName>
<Initials>D</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Cochrane France, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Meerpohl</LastName>
<ForeName>Joerg J</ForeName>
<Initials>JJ</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Center &amp;
Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Cochrane Germany, Cochrane Germany Foundation, Freiburg,
Germany.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Grasselli</LastName>
<ForeName>Giacomo</ForeName>
<Initials>G</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Department of Anesthesia, Intensive Care and Emergency,
Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico,
Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of
Milan, Milan, Italy.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Rada</LastName>
<ForeName>Gabriel</ForeName>
<Initials>G</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Epistemonikos Foundation, Santiago, Chile.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>UC Evidence Center, Cochrane Chile Associated Center,
Pontificia Universidad Cat&#xf3;lica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Hr&#xf3;bjartsson</LastName>
<ForeName>Asbj&#xf8;rn</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Centre for Evidence Based Medicine Odense (CEBMO) and
Cochrane Denmark, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Open Patient data Explorative Network (OPEN), Odense
University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Ravaud</LastName>
<ForeName>Philippe</ForeName>
<Initials>P</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Cochrane France, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS),
INSERM, INRAE, Universit&#xe9; de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Chaimani</LastName>
<ForeName>Anna</ForeName>
<Initials>A</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Cochrane France, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS),
INSERM, INRAE, Universit&#xe9; de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
<Author ValidYN="Y">
<LastName>Boutron</LastName>
<ForeName>Isabelle</ForeName>
<Initials>I</Initials>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Cochrane France, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
<AffiliationInfo>
<Affiliation>Centre of Research in Epidemiology and Statistics (CRESS),
INSERM, INRAE, Universit&#xe9; de Paris, Paris, France.</Affiliation>
</AffiliationInfo>
</Author>
</AuthorList>
<Language>eng</Language>
<GrantList CompleteYN="Y">
<Grant>
<GrantID>001</GrantID>
<Acronym>WHO_</Acronym>
<Agency>World Health Organization</Agency>
<Country>International</Country>
</Grant>
</GrantList>
<PublicationTypeList>
<PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType>
<PublicationType UI="D016454">Review</PublicationType>
<PublicationType UI="D000078182">Systematic Review</PublicationType>
</PublicationTypeList>
<ArticleDate DateType="Electronic">
<Year>2022</Year>
<Month>12</Month>
<Day>07</Day>
</ArticleDate>
</Article>
<MedlineJournalInfo>
<Country>England</Country>
<MedlineTA>Cochrane Database Syst Rev</MedlineTA>
<NlmUniqueID>100909747</NlmUniqueID>
<ISSNLinking>1361-6137</ISSNLinking>
</MedlineJournalInfo>
<ChemicalList>
<Chemical>
<RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="C000722216">sinovac COVID-19 vaccine</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical>
<RegistryNumber>0</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="C000722768">BIBP COVID-19 vaccine</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical>
<RegistryNumber>76JZE5DSN6</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="C000722386">BBV152 COVID-19 vaccine</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
<Chemical>
<RegistryNumber>EPK39PL4R4</RegistryNumber>
<NameOfSubstance UI="D000090983">2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273</NameOfSubstance>
</Chemical>
</ChemicalList>
<CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset>
<MeshHeadingList>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D006801" MajorTopicYN="N">Humans</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D008875" MajorTopicYN="N">Middle Aged</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D000368" MajorTopicYN="N">Aged</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D000293" MajorTopicYN="N">Adolescent</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D000090983" MajorTopicYN="Y">2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D000086382" MajorTopicYN="Y">COVID-19</DescriptorName>
<QualifierName UI="Q000517" MajorTopicYN="N">prevention &amp; control</QualifierName>
</MeshHeading>
<MeshHeading>
<DescriptorName UI="D000086402" MajorTopicYN="N">SARS-CoV-2</DescriptorName>
</MeshHeading>
</MeshHeadingList>
<CoiStatement>Carolina Gra&#xf1;a: none known. Lina Ghosn: none known. Theodoros
Evrenoglou: none known. Alexander Jarde: none known. Silvia Minozzi: no relevant
interests; Joint Co&#x2010;ordinating Editor and Method editor of the Drugs and
Alcohol Group. Hanna Bergman: Cochrane Response &#x2013; consultant; WHO &#x2013;
grant/contract (Cochrane Response was commissioned by the WHO to perform review
tasks that contribute to this publication).&#xa0;. Brian Buckley: none known.&#xa0;.
Katrin Probyn: Cochrane Response &#x2013; consultant; WHO &#x2013; consultant
(Cochrane Response was commissioned to perform review tasks that contribute to this
publication).&#xa0;. Gemma Villanueva: Cochrane Response &#x2013; employment
(Cochrane Response has been commissioned by WHO to perform parts of this systematic
review).&#xa0;. Nicholas Henschke: Cochrane Response &#x2013; consultant; WHO
&#x2013; consultant (Cochrane Response was commissioned by the WHO to perform review
tasks that contributed to this publication).&#xa0;. Hillary Bonnet: none known.
Rouba Assi: none known. Sonia Menon: P95 &#x2013; consultant. Melanie Marti: no
relevant interests; Medical Officer at WHO. Declan Devane: Health Research Board
(HRB) &#x2013; grant/contract; registered nurse and registered midwife but no longer
in clinical practice; Editor, Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group. Patrick
Mallon: AstraZeneca &#x2013; Advisory Board; spoken of vaccine effectiveness to
media (print, online, and live); works as a consultant in a hospital that provides
vaccinations; employed by St Vincent's University Hospital. Jean&#x2010;Daniel
Lelievre: no relevant interests; published numerous interviews in the national press
on the subject of COVID vaccination; Head of the Department of Infectious Diseases
and Clinical Immunology CHU Henri Mondor APHP, Cr&#xe9;teil; WHO (IVRI&#x2010;AC):
expert Vaccelarate (European project on COVID19 Vaccine): head of WP; involved with
COVICOMPARE P et M Studies (APHP, INSERM) (public fundings).&#xa0;. Lisa Askie: no
relevant interests; Co&#x2010;convenor, Cochrane Prospective Meta&#x2010;analysis
Methods Group. Tamara Kredo: no relevant interests; Medical Officer in an Infectious
Diseases Clinic at Tygerberg Hospital, Stellenbosch University. Gabriel Ferrand:
none known. Mauricia Davidson: none known. Carolina Riveros: no relevant interests;
works as an epidemiologist. David Tovey: no relevant interests; Emeritus Editor in
Chief, Feedback Editors for 2 Cochrane review groups. Joerg J Meerpohl: no relevant
interests; member of the German Standing Vaccination Committee (STIKO). Giacomo
Grasselli: Pfizer &#x2013; speaking engagement. Gabriel Rada: none known.
Asbj&#xf8;rn Hr&#xf3;bjartsson: no relevant interests; Cochrane Methodology Review
Group Editor. Philippe Ravaud: no relevant interests; involved with Mariette
CORIMUNO&#x2010;19 Collaborative 2021, the Ministry of Health, Programme Hospitalier
de Recherche Clinique, Foundation for Medical Research, and AP&#x2010;HP Foundation.
Anna Chaimani: none known. Isabelle Boutron: no relevant interests; member of
Cochrane Editorial Board.</CoiStatement>
</MedlineCitation>
<PubmedData>
<History>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez">
<Year>2022</Year>
<Month>12</Month>
<Day>6</Day>
<Hour>19</Hour>
<Minute>26</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed">
<Year>2022</Year>
<Month>12</Month>
<Day>7</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline">
<Year>2022</Year>
<Month>12</Month>
<Day>15</Day>
<Hour>6</Hour>
<Minute>0</Minute>
</PubMedPubDate>
<PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pmc-release">
<Year>2022</Year>
<Month>12</Month>
<Day>7</Day>
</PubMedPubDate>
</History>
<PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus>
<ArticleIdList>
<ArticleId IdType="pubmed">36473651</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC9726273</ArticleId>
<ArticleId IdType="doi">10.1002/14651858.CD015477</ArticleId>
</ArticleIdList>
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</PubmedArticle>
</PubmedArticleSet>