How do these amendments affect the rights of civil servants appointed before the commencement of this Constitution?
The amendments affect the rights of civil servants appointed before the commencement of this Constitution by providing that Parliament may, through legislation:

1. Vary or revoke the conditions of service concerning remuneration, leave, and pension for those who continue to serve in any governmental post after the commencement of the Constitution (Twenty-eighth Amendment) Act, 1972.
2. Vary or revoke the conditions of service regarding pension for those who retired or otherwise ceased to be in service before the said amendment act.

This implies that Parliament has the power to change the terms and conditions of service for civil servants appointed before the commencement of this Constitution, including their remuneration, leave, and pension benefits.