In what way does the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote work?
The system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (STV) works by allowing voters to rank candidates in order of preference. When votes are counted, if no candidate reaches the required quota, the candidate with the fewest votes is eliminated and their votes are redistributed to the remaining candidates according to the second preferences indicated on those ballots. This process continues until a candidate receives enough votes to be declared elected. This system ensures that parties or groups with significant support but not necessarily a majority can still secure representation in a legislative body.