What does the phrase "Subs." mean in the context of the Indian Constitution?
In the context of the Indian Constitution, "Subs." stands for "Substituted." It indicates that a change has been made in the original text by replacing one term or phrase with another. For example, in the first note, "Subs. by the Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976, s.2, for 'SOVEREIGN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC'" means that the phrase "SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC" was substituted in place of the original phrase "SOVEREIGN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC" by the Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976.