How is the passage of a Bill determined by the Constitution?
The passage of a Bill is determined by the Constitution in the following way:
1. A Bill may originate in either House of Parliament (article 107(1)).
2. Subject to the provisions of articles 108 and 109, a Bill shall not be deemed to have been passed by the Houses of Parliament unless it has been agreed to by both Houses, either without amendment or with such amendments only as are agreed to by both Houses (article 107(2)).
3. A Bill pending in Parliament shall not lapse by reason of the prorogation of the Houses (article 107(3)).
4. A Bill pending in the Council of States which has not been passed by the House of the People shall not lapse on a dissolution of the House of the People (article 107(4)).
5. A Bill which is pending in the House of the People, or which having been passed by the House of the People is pending in the Council of States, shall, subject to the provisions of article 108, lapse on a dissolution of the House of the People (article 107(5)).
6. If after a Bill has been passed by one House and transmitted to the other House, that other House either refuses to pass it or passes it with amendments to which the first House does not agree, then, if the first House has passed the Bill in the same session in which it was introduced, the President may summon a joint sitting of both Houses for the purpose of reconsidering the Bill (article 108(1)).
7. In case of disagreement between the two Houses on a Money Bill or any other financial Bill, the President can address either House to state that it is necessary that the Bill be passed and such Bill shall be considered for passage only in the next session of Parliament (article 117).