Challenges in proving IPC 354 cases:
Underreporting: Many victims hesitate to report due to fear, stigma, or social pressure.
Lack of evidence: Often, there are no witnesses or physical evidence to corroborate the victim's testimony.
Societal attitudes: Prevailing societal biases towards victims and misplaced notions of modesty can hinder fair investigation and prosecution.
Legal complexities: The interpretation of "outraging modesty" and the burden of proof can be complex legal issues.