What is the difference between swearing and solemnly affirming in these oaths?
The difference between swearing and solemnly affirming in these oaths is the form of commitment made by the person taking the oath. Swearing involves invoking a deity, typically God, to witness the truthfulness or sincerity of one's statement, while solemnly affirming is a secular alternative for those who do not wish to swear by a deity. Both methods signify that the individual making the oath will be bound by its terms and consequences.