What is meant by votes on account, votes of credit and exceptional grants?
Votes on account, votes of credit and exceptional grants are financial provisions made by the Parliament to meet urgent or unforeseen expenditures that cannot be adequately covered in a budget. These provisions allow for the allocation of funds without the necessity of passing a full Appropriation Bill.

A vote on account is an authorization granted by the Parliament to the executive branch to spend a specific amount of money within a certain period, usually before the complete appropriation bill can be passed. This allows for government expenditures to continue while the budget process is ongoing.

A vote of credit is a form of financial authority granted by the Parliament to enable the executive branch to incur liabilities or make payments on behalf of the government when there are no funds available under any existing appropriation. This is typically used for unforeseen expenditures that arise between budget sessions.

An exceptional grant is an authorization given by the Parliament to meet an extraordinary and unexpected demand for public money that cannot be met through the normal appropriation process. This type of grant is generally used for emergency situations, such as natural disasters or national security threats.