Explain the meaning and importance of article 68 in Indian constitution.
Article 68 in the Indian constitution pertains to the definition of "population" for the purpose of allocating seats in the House of the People (Lok Sabha) to different states. According to this article, population refers to the data obtained from the last census whose figures have been published.

This provision is crucial because it forms the basis for determining the number of members each state can send to the Lok Sabha based on its population. The more the population, the larger the representation in the lower house of Indian parliament. This arrangement ensures that the interests of densely populated states are adequately represented in the national legislative body.

The amendments and additions mentioned (like in parts 3, 4, 7 etc.) indicate changes made to this article over time, often reflecting shifts in political priorities, demographic trends or constitutional revisions. For example, the insertion of sub-clause (b) in clause (2) by the Constitution (Thirty-sixth Amendment) Act, 1975 reflects a change in how population is defined for certain purposes following that amendment.