---
license: mit
tags:
- stable-diffusion
- stable-diffusion-diffusers
- text-to-image
inference: false
---
# Improved Autoencoders

## Utilizing
These weights are intended to be used with the [🧨 diffusers library](https://github.com/huggingface/diffusers). If you are looking for the model to use with the original [CompVis Stable Diffusion codebase](https://github.com/CompVis/stable-diffusion), [come here](https://huggingface.co/CompVis/stabilityai/sd-vae-ft-ema-original).

#### How to use with 🧨 diffusers
You can integrate this fine-tuned VAE decoder to your existing `diffusers` workflows, by including a `vae` argument to the `StableDiffusionPipeline`
```py
from diffusers.models import AutoencoderKL
from diffusers import StableDiffusionPipeline

model = "CompVis/stable-diffusion-v1-4"
vae = AutoencoderKL.from_pretrained("stabilityai/sd-vae-ft-mse")
pipe = StableDiffusionPipeline.from_pretrained(model, vae=vae)
```

## Decoder Finetuning
We publish two kl-f8 autoencoder versions, finetuned from the original [kl-f8 autoencoder](https://github.com/CompVis/latent-diffusion#pretrained-autoencoding-models) on a 1:1 ratio of [LAION-Aesthetics](https://laion.ai/blog/laion-aesthetics/) and LAION-Humans, an unreleased subset containing only SFW images of humans. The intent was to fine-tune on the Stable Diffusion training set (the autoencoder was originally trained on OpenImages) but also enrich the dataset with images of humans to improve the reconstruction of faces.
The first, _ft-EMA_, was resumed from the original checkpoint, trained for 313198 steps and uses EMA weights. It uses the same loss configuration as the original checkpoint (L1 + LPIPS).
The second, _ft-MSE_, was resumed from _ft-EMA_ and uses EMA weights and was trained for another 280k steps using a different loss, with more emphasis 
on MSE reconstruction (MSE + 0.1 * LPIPS). It produces somewhat ``smoother'' outputs. The batch size for both versions was 192 (16 A100s, batch size 12 per GPU).
To keep compatibility with existing models, only the decoder part was finetuned; the checkpoints can be used as a drop-in replacement for the existing autoencoder.

_Original kl-f8 VAE vs f8-ft-EMA vs f8-ft-MSE_

## Evaluation 
### COCO 2017 (256x256, val, 5000 images)
| Model    | train steps | rFID | PSNR         | SSIM          | PSIM          | Link                                                                              | Comments                                                                                        
|----------|---------|------|--------------|---------------|---------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|          |         |      |              |               |               |                                                                                   |                                                                                                 |
| original | 246803        | 4.99 | 23.4 +/- 3.8 | 0.69 +/- 0.14 | 1.01 +/- 0.28 | https://ommer-lab.com/files/latent-diffusion/kl-f8.zip                            | as used in SD                                                                                   |
| ft-EMA   | 560001        | 4.42 | 23.8 +/- 3.9 | 0.69 +/- 0.13 | 0.96 +/- 0.27 | https://huggingface.co/stabilityai/sd-vae-ft-ema-original/resolve/main/vae-ft-ema-560000-ema-pruned.ckpt | slightly better overall, with EMA                                                               |
| ft-MSE   | 840001        | 4.70 | 24.5 +/- 3.7 | 0.71 +/- 0.13 | 0.92 +/- 0.27 | https://huggingface.co/stabilityai/sd-vae-ft-mse-original/resolve/main/vae-ft-mse-840000-ema-pruned.ckpt | resumed with EMA from ft-EMA, emphasis on MSE (rec. loss = MSE + 0.1 * LPIPS), smoother outputs |


### LAION-Aesthetics 5+ (256x256, subset, 10000 images)
| Model    | train steps | rFID | PSNR         | SSIM          | PSIM          | Link                                                                              | Comments                                                                                        
|----------|-----------|------|--------------|---------------|---------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|          |           |      |              |               |               |                                                                                   |                                                                                                 |
| original | 246803         | 2.61 | 26.0 +/- 4.4 | 0.81 +/- 0.12 | 0.75 +/- 0.36 | https://ommer-lab.com/files/latent-diffusion/kl-f8.zip                            | as used in SD                                                                                   |
| ft-EMA   | 560001          | 1.77 | 26.7 +/- 4.8 | 0.82 +/- 0.12 | 0.67 +/- 0.34 | https://huggingface.co/stabilityai/sd-vae-ft-ema-original/resolve/main/vae-ft-ema-560000-ema-pruned.ckpt | slightly better overall, with EMA                                                               |
| ft-MSE   | 840001          | 1.88 | 27.3 +/- 4.7 | 0.83 +/- 0.11 | 0.65 +/- 0.34 | https://huggingface.co/stabilityai/sd-vae-ft-mse-original/resolve/main/vae-ft-mse-840000-ema-pruned.ckpt | resumed with EMA from ft-EMA, emphasis on MSE (rec. loss = MSE + 0.1 * LPIPS), smoother outputs |


### Visual
_Visualization of reconstructions on  256x256 images from the COCO2017 validation dataset._ 

<p align="center">
  <br>
  <b>
256x256: ft-EMA (left), ft-MSE (middle), original (right)</b>
</p>

<p align="center">
<img src=https://huggingface.co/stabilityai/stable-diffusion-decoder-finetune/resolve/main/eval/ae-decoder-tuning-reconstructions/merged/00025_merged.png />
</p>

<p align="center">
<img src=https://huggingface.co/stabilityai/stable-diffusion-decoder-finetune/resolve/main/eval/ae-decoder-tuning-reconstructions/merged/00011_merged.png />
</p>

<p align="center">
<img src=https://huggingface.co/stabilityai/stable-diffusion-decoder-finetune/resolve/main/eval/ae-decoder-tuning-reconstructions/merged/00037_merged.png />
</p>

<p align="center">
<img src=https://huggingface.co/stabilityai/stable-diffusion-decoder-finetune/resolve/main/eval/ae-decoder-tuning-reconstructions/merged/00043_merged.png />
</p>

<p align="center">
<img src=https://huggingface.co/stabilityai/stable-diffusion-decoder-finetune/resolve/main/eval/ae-decoder-tuning-reconstructions/merged/00053_merged.png />
</p>

<p align="center">
<img src=https://huggingface.co/stabilityai/stable-diffusion-decoder-finetune/resolve/main/eval/ae-decoder-tuning-reconstructions/merged/00029_merged.png />
</p>