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By Gordon CoreraSecurity correspondent, BBC News The grey, drab former headquarters of the Stasi - East Germany's Security Service - is famous for its miles of paper files. Those files recorded the detailed information kept on the citizens of the former Communist state, drawn from a wealth of human informers and bugging devices. Parts of the former office complex are now a museum open to the public, but in one corridor normally closed to the public there is a jumble of dated-looking equipment - a primitive computer looking more like a spin-dryer for clothes and old magnetic discs the size of a football, which held a fraction of what you can now fit on a USB stick. This is all that remains of the Stasi's dreams of what computers could do for them. "I think they realised early on that without using technology their ambition of total surveillance could not be achieved, despite all the people they employed," says Stephane Konopatzky - a former dissident, who now tries to untangle these wires of the Stasi's past. The Stasi dreamed of computers combining and cross-referencing all the data they had collected to tease out new information they would otherwise have missed. Computers were faster than humans, more precise "and the mass of data you could deal with was larger", Konopatzky says. In the 1970s and 80s, however, the technology was just not there, and with the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 the Stasi was no more. But as we enter a world in which we all produce so much more data and in which computers are able to do more with it - often described as the world of "big data" - what might the Stasis of today or tomorrow be able to do with technology? Find out more Listen to Gordon Corera's report The Dictatorship of Data on BBC Radio 4 on Tuesday 17 November at 20:00 GMT. Catch up via the iPlayer after broadcast. A failed coup in the Soviet Union in August 1991 marked the final collapse of communism in Russia. That same month something equally momentous happened - although few understood its significance at the time - the World Wide Web was launched. The web seemed to herald a new era in which the free flow of information would sweep away totalitarianism. But in some places the dreams of the Stasi lived on. "We asked people inside the KGB about technical co-operation between the Stasi and the KGB. All of them told me they were inspired by the Stasi," says Andrei Soldatov, co-author of The Red Web, a book that examines the history of Russia's efforts to control the internet. In 1991, the Russian state was only able to wiretap 300 phone lines simultaneously in Moscow, which was nothing compared with what the Stasi had been able to do. But after initially feeling overwhelmed in the digital world, the Russian authorities have increasingly looked for ways of using technology to their advantage. This has included pioneering techniques in voice sampling and recognition, in which Russia is a world leader, as well as biometric and photographic databases. "I was told many times by officers in the security services that the idea to collect all fingerprints, iris scans and voice recognition from all Russian citizens is very popular within the security service," says Irina Borogan, Soldatov's co-author. One initiative described by the authors involves cameras placed at the exit of Moscow metro stations taking close-up photographs of everyone passing through. These days people are also voluntarily posting huge amounts of data about themselves on the internet. "Social media provides a very easy way to monitor these societies," says Taha Yasseri, an Iranian computer scientist at the Oxford Internet Institute. "The transparency and easy use of social media has made it a very good tool for social activists. But this makes it a very good opportunity for authoritarian states to monitor, and eventually even to predict behaviour." Pro-democracy activists in Hong Kong last year were using social media and messaging platforms to organise. But when some received a message telling them to download a new app to help them, it is believed they actually downloaded a piece of spyware which was able to send the content of their messages and even their physical location back to whoever was behind the app in mainland China. In the past, a state would need to develop its own technology to carry out surveillance. But now much more of the technology has been commercialised. Companies look for vulnerabilities in computer systems and sell them to states to exploit. Additionally, some companies sell the ability to carry out remote surveillance. The Hacking Team might sound like a group of rogue teenagers but in fact it is a company based in Italy that sells its services to law enforcement and governments around the world. Eric Rabe, its chief marketing officer says the company supplies its products to about 50 countries. Typically a piece of software will be surreptitiously placed on one of their target's computers or phones, either by getting hold of the device or remotely, so they can be monitored. "We're providing tools for law enforcement to use in the pursuit of keeping all of us safe," is his answer to accusations levelled against the company. But what is it like being on the receiving end of surveillance technology provided by Western companies? To find out, I visit Tadesse Kersmo, a member of a movement campaigning to remove the Ethiopian government. Kersmo, who was given asylum in the UK after being imprisoned in Ethiopia, says his computer was bugged by FinFisher - software developed by a British-German company similar to that supplied by Hacking Team. "It was a shock," he tells me. It was "as if there was CCTV in my home. You can imagine what my wife felt. People become traumatised, afraid to communicate." We tried to contact Gamma Group - which developed the FinFisher spying software - but there was no response. The Ethiopian Embassy in London said it categorically denied any government involvement in surveillance against opposition politicians based inside or outside Ethiopia, suggesting it had no time for what it called such "futile pursuits". Eric Rabe says Hacking Team once provided services to the Ethiopian government but later suspended its co-operation. He says that because there was no international regulation, the company has had to make its own decisions about who to sell to, and add clauses restricting certain uses. Moves are now afoot to place the trade in surveillance technology on a similar footing to the trade in weapons. But on the assumption that export controls will never entirely stop it, some people are focusing on ways of training people to protect themselves. "We see people making simple mistakes," explains Stephanie Hankey, co-founder of a Berlin-based group called Tactical Tech, which trains activists, journalists and civil society campaigners to become more security aware. "In Syria in the early days of the conflict, people would be pulled in, open their Facebook account and expose everyone they were talking to." She also advises people to be aware that even if the content of their conversations may be encrypted, the metadata about the conversation can reveal much about connections and patterns of activity, especially when different elements of the digital trail we leave behind are cross-referenced and cross-mapped - how we move around a city, pay taxes, cross borders and use our credit cards, as well how we communicate. "If we piece all these things together, this tells everybody about my behaviour," says Hankey. "If you have aggregate information about everybody, you can see who's different. This enables you to see something abnormal, an outlier." The trend in computing is to use this data to find patterns which are in turn predictive. "Even though we think we are very creative in our behaviour, the data suggests that our behaviour has a very predictable and repetitive pattern," argues Taha Yasseri. "Combining the data we produce with sophisticated mathematical models and computer algorithms - all these three could eventually make governments and companies and any kind of organisation able to predict our behaviour." Others in this field are hopeful that new technology - particularly encryption and anonymising tools - will ultimately protect activists and liberty more than it will undermine it. But at London's IP Expo 2015, where all the talk is about the huge and mostly beneficial power of Big Data, veteran cyber security expert Mikko Hypponen, believes we are at the beginning of an enormous social change that carries with it real danger. "We are the first generation that can be tracked from birth to our deathbeds, where we are, what we do, who we communicate with, what are our interests. It's easily trackable and saveable for decades. It feels like we're in a massive experiment done on mankind. Only much later will we realise what it means when all of our thoughts and movements not only can be tracked but are being tracked." So will Big Data lead to Big Brother? Not necessarily - and in some countries we may have the chance to decide. But there are parts of the world where a dictatorship of data - of the type the Stasi could only dream of - may be taking shape. Listen to Gordon Corera's report The Dictatorship of Data on BBC Radio 4 on Tuesday 17 November at 20:00 GMT. Catch up via the iPlayer after broadcast. Subscribe to the BBC News Magazine's email newsletter to get articles sent to your inbox.

تعيش العديد من البلدان في خضم نقاش حول حجم المراقبة التي ينبغي للحكومة أن تسمح لها بممارستها على شعبها. ولكن في بلدان أخرى، حيث الضوابط على سلطات الدولة قليلة، إن وجدت، فإن دكتاتورية البيانات المحتملة تلوح في الأفق بالفعل.

هل ستؤدي البيانات الضخمة إلى الأخ الأكبر؟

Trading under the symbol SHAK on the New York Stock Exchange, investor demand pushed Shake Shack's share price up from $21 to $45.90. Started as a hot dog cart by restaurateur Danny Meyer in New York City, Shake Shack now has 63 restaurants worldwide. Mr Meyer is set to net some $140m. Shake Shack has benefitted from the rise of so-called "fast casual" restaurants, like Chipotle and Panera, which still offer consumers food fast, but put greater emphasis on sustainable ingredients and on-site food preparation. In addition to burgers and concretes - Mr Meyer's term for milkshakes - Shake Shack outlets also offer wine, beer and a rotating offering of seasonal specials.

ارتفعت أسهم شركة البرجر الأمريكية "شيك شاك" بنسبة 118% في أول ظهور لها في سوق الأسهم الأمريكية، مما يقدر قيمة الشركة بأكثر من 1.8 مليار دولار (1.2 مليار جنيه إسترليني).

ارتفعت أسهم "شيك شاك" بنسبة 118% في أول ظهور لها في سوق الأسهم

Police were called after a man was found injured on Scartho Road St Martin's, just before midnight on Saturday. He died in hospital. Humberside Police said officers believed he was struck by a red Ford Focus and appealed for dashcam footage. A 31-year-old man is in custody on suspicion of causing death by dangerous driving. Follow BBC East Yorkshire and Lincolnshire on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. Send your story ideas to [email protected].

ألقي القبض على رجل للاشتباه في تسببه في وفاة أحد المشاة بسبب القيادة الخطرة في غريمسبي.

اعتقال القيادة الخطيرة بعد وفاة أحد المشاة في غريمسبي

The group, headed by Florence Welch, say the follow-up to 2009's Lungs has no title yet but will be preceded by new single, What The Water Gave Me. The album was produced by Paul Epworth and was recorded over five weeks in Studio 3 at London's Abbey Road. "It's a song for the water because in music and art what I'm really interested in are the things that are overwhelming," Florence Welch said. "The ocean seems to me to be nature's great overwhelmer. "When I was writing this song I was thinking a lot about all those people who've lost their lives in vain attempts to save their loved ones from drowning. "It's about water in all forms and all bodies. "It's about a lot of things; Virginia Woolf creeps into it, and of course Frieda Kahlo, whose painfully beautiful painting gave me the title." Florence + the Machine were nominated for a best new artist Grammy last year but lost out to US jazz artist Esperanza Spalding. They came third in the BBC's Sound of 2009 poll and have won two Brit awards. Their debut album Lungs has sold more than a million copies so far with You've Got the Love making it to number five in the UK singles chart.

ستصدر فرقة Florence + the Machine ألبومها الثاني في 7 نوفمبر.

ستصدر فرقة Florence + the Machine ألبومًا جديدًا في نوفمبر

By Jonathan AmosScience correspondent, BBC News That's right, certain Australian beetles will try to copulate with discarded beer bottles, but they have to be of the right type - brown ones with bobbly bits on them. This fascinating observation made almost 30 years ago has finally landed entomologists Darryl Gwynne and David Rentz with an Ig Nobel Prize. The Igs are the "alternative" version to the rather more sober Nobel awards announced in Sweden next week. Other recipients this year of the prizes run by the science humour magazine Annals of Improbable Research included the mayor of Vilnius in Lithuania, Arturas Zuokas. He was honoured with the Ig Peace Prize for demonstrating that the problem of illegally parked luxury cars could be solved by squashing them with an armoured tank. The Chemistry Prize went to an inventive Japanese team that worked out how to use wasabi (pungent horseradish) in a fire alarm system. The group even has a patent pending on its idea. Understanding why discus throwers get dizzy was the topic of the study that won the Physics Prize. The American awards were handed out on Thursday at Harvard University's Sanders Theatre, in what has become down the years a slightly chaotic but fun event where people throw paper planes and a little girl berates the winners. Being given an Ig is nowadays regarded as something to be proud of, which may explain why seven of the 10 winners this year travelled to the ceremony at their own expense. Receiving their Ig from a real Nobel Laureate - six of them were in attendance - probably added to the sense of achievement. "I'm a great believer in communicating science to non-scientists and I think humour is a good way of doing that; and for that reason I think the Ig Nobels are very positive," Professor Darryl Gwynne told BBC News. His and David Rentz' study of buprestid beetles began by accident one morning on a field expedition in Western Australia when they found the insects trying to mate with brown "stubbies" left by the side of the road. "It was just co-incidental that my area of research was Darwinian sexual selection and how sex differences evolve, and here was a classic example taking place in front of my eyes where males were making mating errors. "It was very obvious the beetles were trying to mate. These beetles have enormous genitalia, and they're large to start with - over two inches long. "The sad thing was that these beetles were dying; they wouldn't leave the bottles alone. They'd fall off them exhausted. "It was almost certainly the visual colour - the bottle looked like a giant female. And also in the reflectance patterns - there were stipples on the bottles that resembled marks on the females' wing covers." The full list of Ig Nobel winners: Physiology Prize: Anna Wilkinson, from the University of Lincoln, and colleagues for their study in the journal Current Zoology titled "No Evidence of Contagious Yawning in the Red-Footed Tortoise". Chemistry Prize: A team led from Shiga University, Japan, that determined the ideal density of airborne wasabi to awaken sleeping people in case of a fire or other emergency, and for applying this knowledge to invent the wasabi alarm. Patent pending. Medicine Prize: Shared by two teams whose independent research jointly established that people make better decisions about some kinds of things, but worse decisions about other kinds of things‚ when they have a strong urge to urinate. Psychology Prize: Karl Halvor Teigen of the University of Oslo, Norway, for trying to understand why, in everyday life, people sigh. Literature Prize: John Perry of Stanford University, US, for his Theory of Structured Procrastination, which says: To be a high achiever, always work on something important, using it as a way to avoid doing something that's even more important. Biology Prize: Darryl Gwynne and David Rentz for discovering that a certain kind of beetle mates with a certain kind of Australian beer bottle. The pair have published two papers on the topic. Physics Prize: Philippe Perrin and colleagues for determining why discus throwers become dizzy, and why hammer throwers don't. Peace Prize: Arturas Zuokas, the mayor of Vilnius, Lithuania, for demonstrating that the problem of illegally parked luxury cars can be solved by running them over with an armoured tank. Public Safety Prize: John Senders of the University of Toronto, Canada, for conducting a series of safety experiments in which a person drives an automobile on a major highway while a visor repeatedly flaps down over his face, blinding him. Mathematics Prize: Shared by a group of doom-mongers for teaching the world to be careful when making mathematical assumptions and calculations - [email protected]

أنا آسف، مرر هذا بجانبي مرة أخرى.

الجنس في زجاجة بيرة بيتل يفوز بجائزة إيغ نوبل

The youngster was airlifted to Alder Hey Children's Hospital, in Liverpool, for treatment after the crash. North Wales Police were called to Pentre Bach estate, in Barmouth, Gwynedd, by the ambulance service at 17:45 BST on Thursday. The force has issued an appeal for witnesses to contact them.

نقلت طفلة تبلغ من العمر خمس سنوات إلى المستشفى بعد أن صدمتها سيارة.

فتاة، 5 سنوات، صدمتها سيارة في منطقة بارماوث وتم نقلها جواً إلى المستشفى

Crews tackled the fire on High Street, Skelmersdale, which started at about 19:30 BST on Tuesday. The blaze has been brought under control, but firefighters remained at the scene for the rest of the night. Lancashire Police said the teenager from Skelmersdale was arrested shortly after the fire was reported and remains in custody. Why not follow BBC North West on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram? You can also send story ideas to [email protected]

ألقي القبض على صبي يبلغ من العمر 13 عامًا للاشتباه في قيامه بإشعال حريق متعمد في أعقاب حريق في مبنى مهجور في لانكشاير.

حريق سكيلميرسل: تم القبض على صبي يبلغ من العمر 13 عامًا بسبب حريق في مبنى مهجور

"My friend had gone to bathe in the river when he discovered there was a body in the river so he called me". Jackson (not his real name) looks out across the Ol Donyo Sabuk River about an hour-and-a-half outside the centre of Nairobi. He and his friends quickly called the police. It was not the first time they had come across corpses in the river. This time, however it was a more high-profile case. "Shortly after, we saw a sack floating in the water," he continues. "We went to look at it and I noticed the outline of a head so we opened the sack." Days later they found a third body - the three turned to be a missing lawyer, Willie Kimani, his client, Josephat Mwendwa and their taxi driver, Joseph Muiruri. Post-mortem reports have revealed signs that the men suffered severe torture. The case sparked nationwide demonstrations, with protestors accusing the police of being behind the killings because Mr Mwendwa had brought a case against an officer. Campaigners say this highlights a wider trend of unlawful executions by the police. The force has distanced itself from the case of the dead lawyer, describing it as an isolated incident relating to a rogue policeman. Four officers have been arrested but not charged. 'Crime to be a young man' In Nairobi's Mathare valley, brown tin roofs are interspersed with electricity and light poles - the lights were set up to help improve security in this notorious slum. Crime is rife here, fuelled by high unemployment but residents say the police are too heavy-handed in their attempts to maintain order. "It's like it's a crime to be a young man here," says Juliet Wanjira. "Stop Police Executions" says the slogan on her T-shirt. "We are losing our young men," she continues. "We're left with so many wives and mothers looking for their men." Ms Wanjira is a campaigner with the Mathare Social Justice Centre (MSJC) which has been documenting the cases of young men shot by the police, they say unlawfully. Anthony Mburu, another campaigner with MSCJ says he once witnessed four teenagers being shot by police officers. "They were chased by about six policemen. The youths split and ran in different directions but they were each followed by the police," he says. "One ran to a kiosk and he was shot before he could enter. Another one pleaded for mercy but the police shot him in the stomach. He did not die immediately. As he was struggling for life, the policeman shot him twice." 'Fighting terror with terror' One mother lost her son also in Mathare last August. She sent her son to check on his brother who was in police custody but she never heard from him again. After searching for three days, she found his body in a mortuary. Witnesses told her that the police had shot him. "He was shot in both eyes, in his cheek and the left side of his chest," she told me. "We reported it to the police and to the different agencies but I've not got any help. They tell me they'll get back to me but they don't." While she has sought justice, others think they will never find it. Another mother who has lost her son in similar circumstances says she did not bother to report her case. "Here in Kenya, who am I to take the case forward?" she asked. "Look at me. I live in Mathare slum. If big people are killed and their cases just disappear, then what about me? If I speak I'll be killed like a chicken. I've left it all to God." There have been similar cases reported across the country. The non-governmental watchdog Independent Medico-Legal Unit (IMLU) says the police killed 97 people in 2015 alone. More recently the group says eight suspected robbers, aged between 15 and 26, were shot at close range in April, either while kneeling or lying on the ground. Police crackdowns in the fight against Islamist militants have targeted predominantly Muslim communities around the country in the aftermath of major attacks. Last year, a report by the Kenya's official rights body described it as "fighting terror with terror" and reported 25 killings. Between 2012 and 2014, three prominent clerics believed to have had links to al-Shabab were killed in the coastal city of Mombasa. Their supporters say police "death squads" killed them. High-profile extrajudicial killings in Kenya: The spokesman for Kenya's Interior Ministry, Mwenda Njoka, told the BBC that the Kenyan government is against extrajudicial killings. "It is against the law and that's a point we don't need to belabour," he said. "We have a legal mechanism through the Independent Policing Oversight Authority (IPOA) and other legal forums to address legal measures employed by security agents." The Mathare campaigners say that of the 40 cases reported to IPOA this year, only one has been dealt with. That adds to the dozens more they say have been unresolved. Kenya's police spokesman Charles Owino dismisses the activists' claims, saying they ignore important facts. "The police are there to protect the common man. So we cannot allow a situation where a group of criminals move around with arms. "These are the people you want to move around with arms and shoot innocent citizens? And then we say there's no law and order?" He says there might be rogue elements within the police, who are then charged and punished, but insists that the force generally abides by the rule of law. Police reforms have been ongoing but even President Uhuru Kenyatta has expressed concerns that the process has been slow. The perceived culture of police impunity has many worried ahead of next year's elections, often a time of increased violence.

إن مقتل محامي حقوق الإنسان ويلي كيماني واثنين آخرين مؤخراً قد أدى مرة أخرى إلى تسليط الضوء على الشرطة الكينية. وقد اتُهمت الشرطة بإدارة فرق الموت، وهو ما ينفيه رجال الشرطة. مراسل بي بي سي تومي أولاديبو يحقق في تزايد عدم ثقة الجمهور بالشرطة، وخاصة بين الشباب.

الكينيون يخشون "فرق الموت" التابعة للشرطة

Brian TaylorPolitical editor, Scotland The speech, as delivered in town halls around England, generally went like this. "We are the party of low taxation". Polite applause. "We intend to be in Europe but not run by Europe". Polite applause with some notable abstentions. "We are the party of English votes for English laws." Loud applause, roof in danger. Said leader tried this repeatedly, with the same result. But said leader also slowly concluded that, at the time, EVEL was perhaps a little too hazardous, too inclined to sow disquiet within the very United Kingdom the Tories were aiming to protect. Every Conservative leader since John Major has entered office, determined to answer the West Lothian question. Every Conservative leader since John Major has subsequently shelved the idea. Until now. 'Irritating question' David Cameron, at first, was no different. Early zeal for reform ended up, not long after he became leader, with a speech in Edinburgh in which he argued: "Better an imperfect Union than a perfect divorce." To be fair, things have changed substantially. In two ways. Firstly, the constitutional arrangements of the UK are different and are about to alter still further. Secondly, the political challenge confronting the Conservatives has shifted materially with the emergence of UKIP. In days gone by, the answer generally given to the West Lothian questions by senior politicians - from Labour and other parties - was: "Would you please stop asking such an irritating question?" Given that this was, in the first instance, aimed at the estimable Tam Dalyell, the erstwhile MP for West Lothian, the chances of success were minimal. Tam, to his enormous and enduring credit, made a career out of asking irritating questions with admirable persistence. Like a dripping tap or a remote drain with a faint, but pungent, aroma, the West Lothian q. has hung around Scottish politics ever since Tam first drew attention to it in the 1970s. It has now been fully revived by the prime minister with a pledge to introduce English Votes for English Laws within 100 days, should he be returned to power. The change would be enforced in time for the 2016 Budget. Bolster the SNP Is David Cameron motivated by electoral reasons? You bet he is. But, then, this is an election. Politicians of every hue are seeking issues which will attract voters to their side - and cause them to shun the other lot. Mr Cameron makes two calculations. One, that an emphasis upon English voting rights may undermine the appeal of UKIP south of the Border. And, two, that spotlighting the constitution might tend to bolster the SNP in Scotland to the disadvantage of the Labour Party. For a Tory leader, what's not to like? Mr Cameron's rivals provide a range of responses. The SNP says that it will still tend to abstain at Westminster on issues which are, genuinely, of relevance to England only. However, it notes the practical difference thereby attached. This is that even a health bill covering England may have an impact upon Scotland - either because it will bring about Barnett spending consequentials or because, by deploying the private sector, it may reduce such associated cash transfers. Plus, of course, the small point that, if the SNP are to play a role in the governance of the UK, then they must be prepared to vote fairly regularly. They would not be much use as partners in the Commons if they constantly abstained. Mature consideration In addition, the SNP accused Mr Cameron of breaching the spirit and the terms of the Smith Commission agreement to the effect that Scottish MPs would continue to vote on UK tax matters. The Tories say MPs from Scotland still will - but at Third Reading, after English scrutiny. The Liberal Democrats, through the person of Danny Alexander, launched a particularly vituperative attack upon Mr Cameron, accusing him of breaching Smith, of seeking Tory advantage in England and of, thereby, jeopardising the UK. And Labour? They face a conundrum. They know that there is an elemental appeal in Mr Cameron's argument that EVEL involves basic fairness for the good and sensible people of England. They know this is seductive. Equally, however, they are reluctant to give ground on a principle which might make it much more difficult for a future Labour Prime Minister to legislate for England, given the division of seats. (The Tories, remember, start this election contest defending but one seat in Scotland.) They deploy two arguments in response. One, that the Tory plan risks creating two categories of MP, potentially damaging the Union. And, two, that this issue should be settled, sensibly, via mature consideration after the election - not as a partisan question during the contest. In my droll moments (yes, they do exist), I was wont to say that the more pressing West Lothian question was: at what point in West Lothian, moving from Glasgow to Edinburgh, do the chip shops stop serving salt and vinegar and start offering salt and sauce? That question, critical though it is, may now have to await further detailed research, perhaps by a team of hungry interns. The real West Lothian question is back. Policy guide: Where the parties stand

أخبرني زعيم محافظ سابق ذات مرة بقصة. يتعلق السرد بخطاب الجذع الذي قال إن القائد كان ينتشر في ذلك الوقت. وأؤكد أن هذا كان منذ فترة قصيرة.

التصويت الإنجليزي على القوانين الإنجليزية "تم إحياؤه بالكامل"

We were on our way to Algeria to visit family members. There were more than 100 of us in a convoy of two vehicles. Our truck broke down and it took a whole day to fix. In that time we ran out of water. We managed to find a well but there was very little water - one of us climbed down into the well and managed to draw out a tiny amount, but the rest of us went thirsty. The drivers told us to wait while others went to fetch water, but a night and a day later they had not returned. That was when people started dying. Some 15 of us died on that second day without water. We moved on with the dead bodies in the truck. By this time the second vehicle had returned with some water, Alhamdulillah (thanks to God). We came across some Algerian security forces - but the drivers turned around because they didn't want to be caught carrying us since this was illegal. They asked us to hide inside a trench, we spent another night there - so that is three nights in a row without any water. One woman started complaining and one of the drivers used a hose to beat us. Many women and children died. The drivers had some water in jerrycans but kept it for themselves. 'I buried them' From there they took us back into Niger. Our water ran out again. There we were, hungry and sitting amidst corpses in the truck. Once we were in Niger, the drivers removed the bodies from the truck for burial. They laid them out on the ground - mothers first, then their children on top of them. Those of us who were still able to move were told we would be taken back to our village. On the way, we ran out of petrol and they asked us to give them money to buy more. They told us to get out of the car while they went to get the fuel. They never came back. We waited for two days in the desert - no food, no water - before we decided to start walking. Some vehicles passed by, we tried to stop them but no-one would stop. One of the passing cars even knocked down three of our group and killed them. There were eight of us by now, including my mum and my younger sisters. When we got tired, we sat under a tree, and that was where one of my sisters died. We buried her there. Then we continued walking and after a day, my second sister died. Then on the third day my mother died. I buried all of them myself. Rescued None of the vehicles that passed by agreed to stop and pick me up. After a while I found a tree and sat under its shade, almost giving up at that point... then a car came by. I took off my blouse and started waving it wildly. He stopped and asked me what happened and I told him. They gave me some milk, then water and rice cake. I ate a little bit but I couldn't continue, then they made me some tea. It was only then that we carried on travelling towards Arlit, where I was reunited with my grandfather. So here I am - my father died long ago, now my mother is dead, I have no sisters, no brothers. I am living with my aunt. I heard that only myself and a little girl and 18 men survived the journey out of more than 100 of us. Migration routes across the Sahara desert

عثر على جثث 87 شخصا، يعتقد أنهم مهاجرون، في الصحراء الكبرى شمال النيجر يوم الأربعاء. لقد ماتوا من العطش عندما تعطلت مركباتهم وهم في طريقهم إلى الجزائر. نجت شافا، وهي فتاة من النيجر تبلغ من العمر 14 عاماً، وروت قصتها لبرنامج نيوزداي على قناة بي بي سي:

الناجي من مهاجر الصحراء: لقد دفنت عائلتي

This had many in India asking who was Rakhmabai Raut? Before the doodle appeared on screens across the country, India's first female doctor was often recognised as Anandibai Joshi. But while Joshi was the first to study medicine, which she did in the United States, she died at 22 before she could formally practise. Raut became a doctor when modern medicine was in its infancy, which is noteworthy. Even in Britain, which established the first medical college for women in 1874, there weren't many women practising doctors at the time. Her life in India was certainly unusual, as women were mostly confined to the home at the time, which makes her achievements all the more striking. Why was Rakhmabai Raut in court? Raut was born in Mumbai (then Bombay) in 1864. Her mother, a widow, got her married at the tender age of 11. But she never went to live with her husband and continued to stay with her mother. Many found this very unusual, and this is reported to have created a huge scandal at the time. Undeterred, Raut took her husband to court, where the two were engaged in a long legal battle over the status of their marriage. When her husband asked the Bombay High Court for "restitution of conjugal rights", she claimed that she couldn't be forced into a marriage that she never consented to because she was so young. Ultimately, the court case resulted in the affirmation of the marriage. But not quite done yet, Raut wrote to Queen Victoria, who overruled the court and dissolved the marriage. The case was extensively followed in Britain, where it attracted press and made appearances in women's magazines. A rather radical turn of events, the publicity from this incident and Raut's petition to dissolve her marriage was a major factor in the enactment of the Age of Consent Act, 1891, which raised the legal age for sex for girls in British India from 10 to 12. Her rebellion against her husband marked Raut as a crusader against child marriage, but it also ostracised her from the larger Indian community around her. It is worth noting that at the time of the court case, it was widely believed that Raut wrote two articles to the Times of India under the pseudonym "A Hindu Lady", which were critical of the roles women were forced to play in Indian society. Where did she study medicine? Raut's mother later remarried, and it was Raut's stepfather, a surgeon named Sakharam Arjun, who encouraged her to pursue further education. "Her stepfather identified her talents and skills early on, challenged societal norms and helped her follow her dreams," said Dr Swapna Patker, a clinical psychologist and producer of a forthcoming film based on Raut's life, called Doctor Rakhmabai. Soon after her marriage was dissolved, Raut enrolled at the London School of Medicine for Women in 1889. After graduating in 1894, she was a qualified doctor and returned to India to practise. But the societal stigma that surrounded her when she left was still there. "Women who knew her and people she had grown up around decided they wouldn't be treated by her," said Dr Patker. She quit her first job at the Cama Hospital in Mumbai, which is still open today, and moved to Surat to continue her work. She eventually returned to Mumbai, and retired around 1930, after practising medicine for a total of 35 years. 'The first Indian rebel' In spite of her many achievements, Raut is a relatively unknown figure in Indian history. Anant Mahadevan, the director of Doctor Rakhmabai, said that he was surprised by how many people had never heard of her. "This is why we decided to make a film on Rakhmabai's life," he told BBC Marathi's Anagha Pathak. "She was the first Indian rebel. Her whole journey is truly inspiring."

فاجأت شركة جوجل الهنود يوم الأربعاء عندما نشرت رسماً مبتكراً على جوجل لرحمباي راوت، إحدى أوائل الطبيبات الممارسات في الهند البريطانية، احتفالاً بالذكرى الـ153 لميلادها.

الطبيبة الهندية المجهولة على Google Doodle

They were cut down last year on land at Penllergaer in Swansea, near a housing development being completed by Enzo's Homes. Court summons have been issued to Enzo's Homes, Fiorenzo Sauro and tree contractor Arwyn Morgan. They have been ordered to appear at Swansea Magistrates' Court on Tuesday. Mark Thomas, Swansea council's cabinet member for environment, said the authority had been investigating for five months. "This case is something we have taken very seriously and it has taken a lot of hard work to get to this stage," he added.

يتخذ المجلس إجراءات قانونية بعد قطع 70 شجرة، بما في ذلك شجرة حمراء عملاقة عمرها 200 عام، دون إذن.

الإجراءات القانونية بشأن قطع الأشجار المحمية من Penllergaer

BBC News website readers in Nigeria and those who have moved to other countries share their plans to mark the anniversary. Afam Onyema, Los Angeles, US As a young Nigerian American, I regard this anniversary as an opportunity to challenge people's negative perceptions about Nigeria. Most Americans know very little about Nigeria, and that which they do know is extraordinarily negative. Nigeria is viewed as a nation of corruption, violence in its oil-producing region, and as the source of endless email scams. These anniversary celebrations present an opportunity to get people's attention and tell them about what Nigeria and Nigerians have to offer in the field of the arts, literature and culture and also science and athletics. Nigerians have flourished in the US, and increasingly young Nigerians armed with degrees from schools like Harvard, Princeton and Yale are returning home to help transform our parents' homeland. People love anniversaries and occasions like this - they invite us to look to the future. I think this anniversary will act as a springboard for future projects and encourage us to work towards developing the country's infrastructure. Gillian Nduoma, Lagos, Nigeria I was born after independence, so these celebrations really mean nothing to me. I'll be staying at home on Friday with my children, we'll probably just buy some DVDs and watch TV. Of course I appreciate my nation's independence. However it has become meaningless because we have not made use of our natural and human resources to create a nation where "no man is oppressed." I don't trust the government's motives for spending this money on the celebrations. The average Nigerian would rather the money went towards fixing the bad roads, water supply and so forth. I don't want to sound too negative about Nigeria, some things have changed for the better - like telecommunications. But apart from that, I really feel that the infrastructure of this country is poor. Nigerians aren't difficult people, we just want the basics so we don't have to lead such a stressful life. Hadiza Abdulrahman, Lincolnshire, UK On Friday my family and I will be glued to the Nigerian TV channel, watching the news and celebrations taking place in the country. Although we have cause for celebration, I feel that printing banners and having parties is a waste of money. The common man on the road won't be celebrating, he'll be thinking about basic necessities, like lighting and food. I live in Grantham where there is a small Nigerian community. Most of us feel very helpless about what has gone wrong in our country, but we are determined to help in any way we can. Increasingly I hear of people - friends and family - who are going back to Nigeria to improve things. I myself am trying to set up a school with my sister, who is over there at the moment. Nigerians do believe that things will get better and my generation is determined to make sure it does. Aderinsola Omotola Adebanjo, Lagos, Nigeria I am a journalist, so I will be monitoring the celebrations here in Lagos. There are many activities and ceremonies planned, including banquets and exhibitions. I refuse to be pessimistic about the future of Nigeria. I've been to some developing and developed countries of the world and they all have their issues. I do believe that corruption has affected the country over the years, but I think collectively we can overcome it. We all have to take responsibility - not just the leaders. Those querying the celebrations need to remember how we have survived a civil war and long years of military rule. Not being at war is enough for us to be grateful for - we should be celebrating. However, I do have some reservations about the huge amount of money that has been put into the celebration. It doesn't have to be so expensive to be interesting. Olumide Abimbola, Berlin, Germany I'm from Nigeria but have been living in Germany for four years. I'm not planning to celebrate on Friday, but the website I co-edit, called Nigerians talk, is publishing a series of articles leading up to the anniversary. Fifty years sounds like a landmark, which is something to celebrate. And the fact that we are still a unified country is an achievement. It's difficult to get in the spirit of the celebrations if you're not in Nigeria, but intellectually I think it's a good thing. As to the money spent on the celebrations, it probably would have landed in some politician's account anyway. At least this way it's been spent on public activities. Celebrations are a part of nation-building, that's how people get a sense of togetherness. People tend to focus on the negative in Nigeria, but we've been through a lot, and worse could have happened. I think we are doing well, and I would certainly move back to Nigeria if I could get the right kind of job. Ozo-Eson Omosigho, Abuja, Nigeria I am Nigerian and I live in the capital. I'm not planning to participate in the celebrations but would rather spend a quiet night in. The money that is being spent on the celebrations should really be channelled into addressing some of the challenges and difficulties faced by Nigerians. In some ways I think it's understandable to celebrate. The anniversary is significant because it's a reminder of the change that Nigeria has gone through. But this anniversary should also remind us that we have to get back on track. The people are not feeling overjoyed. Really we should focus on getting rid of the widespread suffering and abject poverty in Nigeria.

تحتفل نيجيريا بمرور 50 عامًا على الاستقلال يوم الجمعة 1 أكتوبر.

نيجيريا في عامها الخمسين: آرائكم

The incident happened close to the Grey Mare's Tail waterfall near Moffat at about 15:00 on Monday. Police, Moffat Mountain Rescue Team, Scottish Ambulance Service and an HM Coastguard rescue helicopter were involved in the operation. The man was airlifted to a waiting ambulance before being taken to Dumfries and Galloway Royal Infirmary for checks. The rescue team was stood down at about 18:00. All images courtesy Moffat Mountain Rescue Team.

كان لا بد من نقل رجل يبلغ من العمر 71 عامًا جوًا من أحد التلال جنوب اسكتلندا بعد إصابته بالمرض.

تم نقل ووكر جوا بعد إصابته بالمرض على منحدر التل بالقرب من موفات

By Jonathan HeadSouth East Asia correspondent, BBC News He was charged under the notoriously sweeping lese-majeste law. After last year's coup, the ultra-royalist military has demanded ever tougher enforcement of it. This has led to many different and sometimes unexpected ways of falling foul of the law. The crime of insulting the monarch dates back in Thailand to the early 19th Century, when the unlucky accused could be punished by beheading, having their ears, hands and feet cut off or, for milder infractions, be imprisoned for a month and made to cut grass for the royal elephants. The modern concept of lese-majeste was incorporated into Thailand's first criminal code in 1908, and in its current form as the notorious Article 112, in 1956. It states that "whoever defames, insults or threatens the king, queen, heir apparent, or regent shall be punished with imprisonment of three to 15 years." No mention there of dogs, or any other royal pets. But ever since the start of Thailand's intractable political crisis in 2006, the number of lese-majeste prosecutions has risen sharply, as has the severity of punishments, and the breadth of interpretation of what constitutes royal defamation. Here are a few examples: Saying anything negative about the monarchy to passengers in a car Last August, a taxi driver was jailed for two and a half years after a passenger recorded his comments on a mobile phone and handed them to the police. Staging a university play featuring a fictional one-eyed king In February, two students were jailed for two and a half years for performing a play called The Wolf's Bride a year earlier, which the court judged to have parodied King Bhumibol, who lost an eye as a young man in a car accident. Writing a novel featuring characters that resemble members of the Thai royal family In August 2008, Australian Harry Nicolaides was arrested at Bangkok airport as he prepared to board a flight. He was unaware of an arrest warrant issued over his self-published novel which had included a fictional crown prince with a dissolute lifestyle. He was sentenced to three years in prison, but quickly pardoned. He says he only sold seven copies of the book. But he did send a copy to the palace to ask for approval, and when he received no reply, assumed he had got it. Sending text messages critical of the monarchy to politicians In November 2011, 63-year-old Ampon Tangnoppakul was jailed for 20 years over text messages sent to the secretary of then Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva, despite his poor health and insistence he had not sent the offending texts. He died the following year in prison. 'Liking' anything critical of the monarchy on Facebook Last week, 27-year-old factory worker Thanakorn Siripaiboon - the man who was arrested for mocking the king's dog - was also charged under Article 112 for another alleged offence: clicking the 'like' button on Facebook next to a doctored photo of King Bhumibol. Referring to anything from Thailand's history that could be construed as damaging the monarchy's image In 2007, a local politician was sentenced to two years in prison for talking on a radio programme about slavery during the reign of King Mongkut (1851-1868). In May last year, the Supreme Court upheld the verdict, stating that defaming past monarchs also damaged the present king, despite the fact that slavery did exist in Thailand then. Truth is no defence in Thai defamation cases. Questioning an elephant battle In October last year, two retired military officers filed a complaint of lese-majeste against renowned social critic Sulak Sivaraksa because he cited academic research which questioned whether a famous elephant battle, led by the 16th Century King Naresuan, had actually taken place. The police investigating Sulak have said they believe he has defamed the monarchy. This is the fifth time he has faced a lese-majeste charge. Having a row with your brother In 2012, Yuthapoom Martnok was charged with lese-majeste and jailed after his brother filed a complaint. He was released nearly a year later when it was discovered there were no grounds for the charge, and that the brothers had in fact fallen out over fights between their dogs. This case illustrated two problematic aspects of Article 112. First, that anyone can file a complaint against anyone else, and the police have to start a formal, and often secretive, investigation, no matter how flimsy the evidence. Second, that defendants rarely get bail, so they are jailed awaiting trial, which can take years in Thailand. Many cases are heard in camera, so no reporting of proceedings is possible. Since the coup, most lese-majeste cases are heard in military courts, whose verdicts allow no appeal. Failing to take down offending messages from a website In May 2012, Chiranuch Premchaiporn, editor of the news website Prachathai, was given an eight-month suspended sentence for failing to remove comments from the site quickly enough. She had removed some after 10 days, but others had stayed up for 20. Using the name of Crown Prince Vajiralongkorn to raise funds Over the past year, a slew of lese-majeste charges has been filed against people formerly linked to the heir to the Thai throne. Nine family members of the prince's estranged wife were charged last year with citing his name to extort money, and given long prison sentences. One police officer also involved died mysteriously in custody after apparently falling from a high window. In October this year, three men, including a famous fortune-teller, were charged under Article 112 for using the prince's name to persuade donors to pay for promotional products tied to a bicycle ride honouring the royal family. Two of the three died in custody. Singing satirical songs about the royal family Nithiwat Wannasiri was once a follower of the royalist yellow-shirt movement, but switched to the red-shirt side in 2010, forming a band called Fai Yen, or Cool Fire. They specialised in songs that mocked the lese-majeste law and members of the royal family, performing openly around Bangkok until the coup. Nithiwat has since been charged under article 112, and is living in exile, along with hundreds of other Thais fleeing military rule.

قال ممثل الادعاء في المحكمة العسكرية في تايلاند، إن رجلا يواجه عقوبة السجن لمدة تصل إلى 15 عاما لنشره صورا على فيسبوك للكلب المفضل للملك بوميبول أدولياديج بطريقة تسخر من الملك.

التشهير بالكلب: طرق القبض عليه بتهمة العيب في الذات الملكية في تايلاند

Douglas FraserBusiness/economy editor, Scotland Raising productivity is one of the top priorities for the Scottish and British economies. So surely we should be celebrating one of the most productive industries of all? Scotch whisky, according to the industry's figures published on Tuesday, is immensely productive, delivering caskfuls of value per worker in the industry. But hang on. Where does that value go? To those workers? Well, er, no. Being one of the tiny number of people required to run the average distillery is a quality job, with good prospects, but it's not an obvious way to get rich. Nor is driving one of the distillers' trucks, or turning the casks in the whisky bonds. For all that this industry generates £5.5bn of gross value added, and £4.7bn of export value last year, it directly employs 10,500 people in Scotland. There are those doing nicely out of supplying the barley, the copper stills, the packaging and, increasingly, the distillery tours. Water tax The more valuable jobs within the distilling industry tend to be in the marketing operations, which tend, in turn, to be outside Scotland. And the profits from these operations are largely distributed to foreign corporations. Around 80% of the industry is controlled from outside Scotland, so that's where the profits go. It's what you get with an open economy. The same can be said of the (also very highly productive) oil and gas industry. That's not to say it's a bad thing. It's better to have a high productivity distilling industry than a low one. But it's not necessarily the kind of productivity that the economy needs. And perhaps inadvertently, it brings back the question of whether Scotland gets as much value from Scotch as it could or should. I asked the question for a documentary more than five years ago, in which former bank and economic agency boss Sir George Mathewson, said there should at least be some consideration given to a tax on the water used by the industry, without which it couldn't use the valuable "Scotch" brand. The industry's response: why on earth would anyone take such a successful product and undermine its success? "Unwarranted" The Scotch Whisky Association, representing the major distillers, is also keen to point out that having unique provenance in Scotland may be valuable, but don't think there aren't competitors eager to grab market share, or to undermine Scotch's global dominance. Among them are the big American distillers. The owner of Jim Beam has become a significant investor in Scotch. But in Kentucky and Tennessee, they would like to tackle one of the non-tariff barriers to trade that Scotch enjoys. By lobbying fiercely in Brussels, it has got the European Commission to ensure protection for its branding is locked in across many markets around the world. And if you want to sell a product called whisky or whiskey in Europe - and by extension, other markets such as Russia and Israel - you're going to have to mature it for at least three years. The European Commission, on evidence so far, has been pretty robust in forcing trading partners to accept that definition. It's biggest trading partner, and rival for market share, the United States of America, thinks it is "unwarranted". It said so in a document recently published by the US Trade Representative - the agency that negotiates on trade on behalf of President Trump. This document is a regular publication entitled the National Trade Estimate Report on Foreign Trade Barriers. It runs to more than 500 pages, covering every national and supra-national trade partner, listing the items where Washington wishes to break down tariffs and non-tariff barriers, notably including government procurement practices. For anyone still thinking trade deals can be done easily and quickly, it's well worth a scan, if only for a reality check. Grievances The European Union merits 41 pages. Its approach to food production gets lengthy attention. Airbus subsidies get special emphasis, and there is close interest in proposed measures to police the internet. One of very few paragraphs with a particularly British flavour is the one on whisky. And because it's only one paragraph, here it is in full: Distilled Spirits Aging Requirements The EU requires that for a product to be labeled "whiskey" (or "whisky"), it must be aged a minimum of three years. The EU considers this a quality requirement. U.S. whiskey products that are aged for a shorter period cannot be marketed as "whiskey" in the EU market or other markets that adopt EU standards, such as Israel and Russia. The United States has a long history of quality whiskey production, particularly by micro-distillers, which has not entailed minimum aging requirements, and views a mandatory three-year aging requirement for whiskey as unwarranted. Recent advances in barrel technology enable U.S. micro- distillers to reduce the aging time for whiskey while producing a product commensurate in quality. In 2017, the United States continued to urge the EU and other trading partners to end whiskey aging requirements that are restricting U.S. exports of whiskey from being labeled as such. The EU and US are about to lock horns once more on getting to a free trade deal. Across the range of US grievances with EU non-tariff barriers to trade, this one may not feature all that prominently. But cast your mind forward to Dr Liam Fox's plans to get a speedy deal with the USA for a post-Brexit UK. As this is one of few specifically UK issues raised by the US Trade Representative, it's likely to feature high on the list of demands from Robert Lighthizer, the UK trade secretary's opposite number in Washington. Will London give in, in the interests of securing more important gains? That's up to the negotiations. As we've already seen in Brexit talks, these are rarely evenly balanced. The US will be in a much stronger negotiating position. Will it be a disaster for Scotch whisky if the international definition is weakened? Well, possibly not, if it results in some whiskies coming to the international market with significantly poorer quality - meaning the "Scotch whisky" branding becomes all the more important to signify longer-matured quality. After all, the law would surely still require whisky produced in the UK to stick to the current definition.

تبدو الإنتاجية العالية في صناعة الويسكي جيدة لأنها تنعكس على العدد الصغير نسبيًا من الأشخاص العاملين. إنه يثير التساؤل حول ما إذا كان الاقتصاد الاسكتلندي يحصل على حصة عادلة من القيمة الاقتصادية الناتجة عن سكوتش. يرغب المنافسون في كسر الهيمنة العالمية للسكوتش. في الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية، يبدأ ذلك بتحدي تعريف الويسكي. هل سيضر، أو ربما يساعد، قطاع التقطير الاسكتلندي إذا دخلت منتجات ذات جودة أقل، تنضج لمدة تقل عن ثلاث سنوات، إلى السوق.

برميل خشبي مكيف

By Barbara Plett UsherBBC State Department correspondent It's a gloriously sunny afternoon, and a rare opportunity to enjoy a live performance from a world-class musician. Residents of Washington's Capitol Hill district are still under orders to shelter at home. But they're taking a break from the pandemic, sitting on front steps and in socially distanced lawn chairs, listening to a neighbour in search of an audience after he had to cancel a tour. Just down the road at the Capitol building itself, lawmakers are gradually returning to work, to deal with matters less lyrical. "There can be no doubt that this will be one of the strangest sessions of the United States Senate in modern history," said Minority Leader Chuck Schumer when it opened at the beginning of the month. Members wearing masks sit in chambers that feel more empty than occupied. But while political pressure to open up the country is mounting in the capital, the city itself isn't ready yet for business. You just need to drive 10 minutes to see it's still on emergency footing. In DC's majority-black neighbourhoods like Anacostia, the virus has laid bare longstanding social and racial divides. I caught up with local councillor Trayon White, who's campaigning for re-election in Ward Eight, Washington's poorest. He's hard to miss - wearing a florescent yellow track suit and surrounded by a team of young men in blue and white camouflage outfits with matching blue surgical gloves. They're distributing bags with bleach and toilet paper while the councillor hands out masks with his name on them and takes selfies with constituents. But behind the smiles for the camera is a disturbing reality. The pandemic is killing black people at an alarming rate, including Mr White's own grandmother. Eighty percent of the city's Covid-19 deaths are African Americans, even though they're less than half its population. "We have some of the highest health disparities per capita in the country in this community," he says. "From high blood pressure to diabetes, to asthma, you name it we have it. So we're fighting two monsters at the same time. You are talking about the people that are already at the bottom and have been pushed down even further." The city has increased testing in predominantly black and Latino neighbourhoods and recruited former First Lady Michelle Obama to record calls to spread the word. And just this week the mayor, Muriel Bowser, opened a 437-bed field hospital in the convention centre. It's empty, but she called it an insurance policy. She said the number of confirmed cases was less than initially predicted, but still climbing. Her cautious approach to reopening, however, means she could be headed for a collision with the capitol region's largest employer, the federal government. Especially as its most famous resident, President Donald Trump, is pushing to get the nation back to work. "I hope that the President is right…that we will recover," Ms Bowser said recently. "All of us want to get open, we just want to do it in a safe way. The last thing we want is to be back here in the fall, having lost all of the gains of social distancing." Mr Trump is eager to return to normal, but just around the corner from the White House is the new normal: a venerable Washington institution is serving its own servers, handing out meals to its laid-off employees. The Ebbitt Grill is the oldest operating restaurant in DC, a favourite watering hole for politicians, now running a bare bones takeaway business. It can't go on like that for long but it's wary about reopening. David Moran, one of the Grill's senior directors, says areas of the country that "unfortunately" reopen quicker than recommended by guidelines set by the Centers for Disease Control could provide a "roadmap of what works and what doesn't work". "Just because the politicians or the government tell you that you can open doesn't mean you have to open that day," he says. "I think we're going to do what's right by our guests, right by our employees, and right by our integrity." Back on the streets of the Capitol Hill neighbourhood, musician Frederick Yonnet is still captivating the curbside crowd. He's a harmonica player who's performed with the likes of Prince, Stevie Wonder and Ed Sheeran. Now his stadium is his house, and his audience is his neighbours. "Thanks to this we are meeting more neighbours than I've ever met since I moved here," he says. "We've discovered that some guy over here is an astronaut, another one works for a news network. Music is a universal language and it needs to be spoken, especially in difficult times like this." It's a brief moment of harmony on the Hill, as this tug of war between the need to reopen and the desire to stay safe, plays out beyond them.

وسط الضغوط السياسية من البيت الأبيض لإعادة فتح أمريكا، لا تزال عاصمة البلاد نفسها غير مستعدة للقيام بذلك - وتقدم واشنطن العاصمة لمحة متنوعة عن كيفية استجابة الأمريكيين للأزمة.

فيروس كورونا: أمريكتان في عاصمة البلاد

John PienaarDeputy political editor@JPonpoliticson Twitter Meanwhile, the bars and the tea rooms in Parliament have been quietly humming with the sound of plotting and scheming. For some, about how to take control of Brexit. For others, how to grab the keys to Number Ten. While no-one can be sure of anything just now, none of the outcomes being discussed by MPs look anything but grim for the prime minister and her plan. Some MPs are wondering: might a narrow defeat next week mean she could try to squeeze more out of Brussels? She might try, but the signs are the EU's all out of big concessions. Would she even get the chance to try before she's forced out by her party? Labour's hope of forcing an election seems a little remote. There's more respect than support for Mrs May among Tories. Some senior Conservatives say, privately, the answer could be to choose a caretaker prime minister to carry on in some fresh direction. Meanwhile, rival leadership contenders are quietly getting ready to run - even to the point of promising jobs. One senior Tory told me he'd been offered a senior cabinet post by TWO of them in exchange for his support. And you can bet he's not the only one. There's still a chance the government pulls out of the big vote and, by so doing, buys a bit more time. There's another proposal by Labour MP and Brexit select committee chairman, Hilary Benn, to rule out a no-deal Brexit, and rule in a soft version. That would reunite some Brexiteers and Mrs May and maybe even limit the scale of any defeat. Yet more speculation, obviously. The prime minister will be mulling her options and her future this weekend. But those options, and maybe her time in office, could be running out.

يبدو من الصعب تقريبًا التحرك في أي مكان دون الاصطدام بوزير في مهمة - مكلف بالترويج لخطة خروج بريطانيا من الاتحاد الأوروبي التي يُعتقد على نطاق واسع أنها محكوم عليها بالهزيمة في مجلس العموم يوم الثلاثاء.

التخطيط والتخطيط على قدم وساق مع تضييق خيارات رئيس الوزراء

The killing of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi does not mean the automatic end of IS. But the immediate future of IS depends more on local dynamics in Syria than on whether it still has a leader or not. Baghdadi was a powerful tool for IS, especially at a time when the organisation was planning to establish a so-called state. Considering that there could not be a caliphate without a caliph, IS put Baghdadi in the public eye to give its supporters around the world an identifiable figurehead. Despite the military defeat of IS in Syria and Iraq, its supporters still saw in the presence of Baghdadi hope of restoring the caliphate one day. His statements mobilised sympathisers, even if only rhetorically, as noted by journalists and aid workers who interviewed the wives and widows of IS fighters in al-Hol camp inside Syria. In the run-up to the Turkish invasion of northern Syria, the military capacity of IS had been greatly reduced but the organisation was still active. Sleeper cells would conduct opportunistic attacks in the north-east, mainly against civilians. Some miles away westwards, in the huge Sokhna desert near Homs, east of Palmyra, IS fighters would sporadically attack Syrian army and Russian targets. In the north-west, many former IS fighters had joined one of the jihadist groups in the region rather than remaining under the IS banner. The group closest to IS in Idlib is al-Qaeda affiliate Hurras al-Din, which despite being militarily active is limited in numbers and popularity among local residents. The nucleus of IS activity in Syria is the greater region of Deir al-Zour in the north-east, particularly the areas extending south of Bosaira towards Diban. The Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) control the area but have struggled to gain acceptance there because the SDF is Kurdish-dominated while the area is populated by Arab tribes that reject not only the SDF but also the Syrian army and Iran-backed militias who are present in surrounding towns. Those tribes have recently been staging demonstrations against the Syrian regime and Iran. Before the Turkish invasion of northern Syria, tensions between the tribes in Deir al-Zour and the SDF were regularly followed by an increase in IS activity. A few months ago, an SDF checkpoint shot at an Arab passerby. For the following two weeks, there was an increase in sleeper cell attacks in the Deir al-Zour area, facilitated by some members of Arab tribes. This pattern of tension followed by an increase in IS attacks continues, though the attacks are mainly based on improvised explosive devices (IEDs) and are limited in scale. Since the Turkish invasion, IS has tried to take advantage of the decrease in the SDF presence in Deir al-Zour as SDF leaders left to go to the front lines to confront Turkey. This has also resulted in an increase in IS activity. However, it has not attempted to retake geographical areas. This, coupled with the use of IEDS, signals that its military capacity is greatly reduced. The presence of the anti-IS international coalition in Deir al-Zour - to protect the oilfields there, according to the US administration - has also been a significant deterrent to IS. IS is likely to use the death of Baghdadi to rally its supporters in the name of revenge. However, the days of its militants fighting till the last breath appear to be over. Its leader in Syria, Abu Ayman al-Iraqi, had to deploy to the front lines accompanied by only six fighters during his final battle. They abandoned him, leaving him to be killed by the SDF. In its heyday, IS would not have needed commanders of this seniority on the front lines. IS is likely to choose a successor to Baghdadi, but what is more significant for its operations is the situation in the north-west and the north-east of Syria. President Trump said Baghdadi was in Idlib - where he was killed - because he was trying to rebuild IS there. The Hurras al-Din jihadist group in Idlib, which splintered from Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) to stay loyal to al-Qaeda, is likely to have hosted Baghdadi. Although HTS is trying to build its own administration in the area, and although HTS collaborated with Hurras al-Din against the Syrian army in the battlefield, there is widespread popular resistance to the IS brand in Idlib, which makes it unlikely that the province will become the new capital of an IS caliphate. As for the north-east, the Syrian army is spreading its presence in the area but its capacity there is limited not just because of decreased soldier numbers and lack of equipment, but also because it is dealing with infighting in Daraa in southern Syria as well as preparing for a campaign on Idlib in the north-west. It is Kurdish fighters who are still in control in the north-east, even if they have recently started flying the Syrian flag following the entry of the Syrian army into the area. Only if the international anti-IS coalition leaves Deir al-Zour is IS likely to target the area, helped by members of Arab tribes who reject the SDF. But President Trump clearly said the coalition was not budging from protecting the oilfields there. The situation in the north-east underlines that even if the international anti-IS coalition regards the killing of Baghdadi as a symbolic victory, local tensions are the main fuel for IS resurgence, while the ground presence of coalition forces remains the greatest IS deterrent.

أعلن الرئيس الأمريكي دونالد ترامب، وسط ضجة كبيرة، مقتل زعيم تنظيم الدولة الإسلامية أبو بكر البغدادي في غارة عسكرية أمريكية. تشرح الدكتورة لينا الخطيب، مديرة برنامج الشرق الأوسط في مركز أبحاث العلاقات الدولية تشاتام هاوس، ما الذي من المحتمل أن يحدث بعد ذلك.

أبو بكر البغدادي: ماذا يعني موته بالنسبة لداعش في سوريا؟

Places could see up to 40mm (1.5in) in an hour and up to 90mm (3.5in) in a few hours in some areas on Sunday. Monday's thunderstorms may be accompanied by large hail stones, frequent lightning and gusty winds, it said. Thunderstorms have brought flash flooding and power cuts to parts of Wales throughout the week.

وأفاد مكتب الأرصاد الجوية أن هطول المزيد من الأمطار الغزيرة والعواصف الرعدية قد يؤدي إلى حدوث فيضانات يوم الأحد.

تحذير من هطول أمطار غزيرة وعواصف رعدية في ويلز

By Dominic HowellBBC News To look at, pre-exposure prophylaxis (Prep for short) is a small, blue pill - but it's caused a big controversy. The drug is not currently available on the NHS - and an NHS England decision to that effect has caused a well-documented outcry from charities and campaigners alike. However, about 500 homosexual men in England - who form part of a trial called Proud - have been taking it for years while experts monitor its effects. Harry Dodd is one of those men. He was invited to take part in the trial after doctors identified him as a "high risk" sexually active gay man. However, as he explains, the requirements for being judged as such were, in his words, "surprisingly low". "They asked me if I'd had sex without a condom within the last three months, I said 'yes' and then they asked me if I was likely to have sex in next three months and again I said 'yes' - and that's all it takes to be 'high risk'," he said. And so, in 2013, Harry started taking Prep and he has remained HIV negative ever since, despite having unprotected sex. Taking Prep protects cells in the body, which are then able to stop the HIV virus from multiplying - should they be exposed. Critics of Prep claim that allowing the drug to be freely available on the NHS would promote promiscuity and leave people more vulnerable to other sexually-transmitted infections. But Harry - who in the past has had near misses with HIV - vehemently disagrees with this view. The 25-year-old says the drug has allowed him to grow in confidence and he goes further, believing it could bring the gay community closer together and stop discrimination against those who are HIV positive. "People need to understand the visceral fear HIV invokes," he explains. "I remember when I was younger going for an HIV test and at the time I was living in a tower block. The thought fleetingly crossed my mind 'well at least I can chuck myself off the balcony if it's the wrong result'. "I've seen the panic on the face of previous boyfriends when they are awaiting their results - it's a huge fear and it affects everything you do. "To be able to have sex without having that fear hanging over you all the time is huge." Taking Prep means the chances of contracting HIV, even if you sleep with someone who is HIV positive, are greatly reduced. There are more than 100,000 people living with HIV in the UK and, statistically, gay men are the most at-risk group. The average HIV prevalence in the UK is 2.3 per 1,000 population. However for gay men the rate jumps to 48.7 per 1,000. Black African women are the second most at-risk group with a prevalence rate of 43.7 per 1,000. Latest figures show there were 6,151 new diagnoses made in 2014, up from 6,032 the previous year, according to Public Health England. And in London, one in eight gay men has HIV. 'I kept it to myself' Harry, who works for a town planning consultancy in London, can recall a time when he believes he came perilously close to getting HIV. "On Christmas Eve 2012, I was getting off the train in Liverpool to visit my family. "The night before I'd slept with someone I'd been seeing, he was someone I trusted. "But for the first time we didn't use a condom. As I approached the station he messaged me asking about my status. "I informed him I was negative and in response he said I should go to A&E - he was positive and recently diagnosed. "I kept it to myself, filled with overwhelming anxiety, fear and shame. How could I tell my friends and family the truth? It would disappoint them. "That situation filled me with mixed emotions... anger both at myself for not insisting on using protection and at him that he hadn't told me before the event, but also relief and thanks that he had told me at all. "I was confused over whether to blame, empathise or comfort him. Emotions that tore our friendship apart, tore me apart and continue to tear communities apart." Harry swiftly took himself to A&E, where he was given drugs to treat exposure to HIV and fortunately tested negative for the virus subsequently. But the threat for gay and bisexual men is very real and the results from the Proud trial - in which Harry is a participant - are promising. Early results The trial took about 500 "high risk" gay men and split them into two groups. The first group took Prep straight away, while the second acted as a control group and waited for 12 months before taking the drug. In that control group, 20 people contracted HIV during those 12 months. But in the immediate Prep group only three people contracted HIV and in each case the reason for contracting the virus can be explained. One person was found to already have HIV before the trial started and the other two people both stopped taking the drug for a considerable amount of time. The early results were so significant that Prep was given to all participants before the end of the 12-month period on ethical grounds. "The results from the trial are proof that this drug is working," says Mitzy Gafos, who is a social scientist working in the clinical trials unit at University College London. However, she also said that early indications from the trial's relatively small sample size show those taking the drug were more inclined to have different sexual partners, although the incidence rate of sexual infections was not increasing. But despite these results, the route to getting Prep available on the NHS has also been fraught with controversy. In the 18 months up until March, NHS England had been following a process to decide whether the drug should be available to people at high risk of HIV, on the NHS. But in March there was uproar from charities and campaigners when NHS England said it was abandoning this process and HIV prevention was not its responsibility. After initially saying it would "consider" its position in May it confirmed it would not be commissioning Prep, arguing that it does not have the legal power to do so. The charity the National Aids Trust launched a judicial review against NHS England's decision, and the court found in the charity's favour. Harry believes everyone should have access to Prep - which costs around £450 a month to buy privately. The Proud trial is also drawing to a close in the coming months and the men who are on it, who have been used to taking the drug for three years, now face the prospect of having to buy it privately from other sources - chiefly pharmaceutical companies in India. Harry says taking Prep has still not become socially acceptable. "Too many people seem to think it will encourage a hedonistic lifestyle, but for me this is about saving lives," he says. "People reacted with cynicism when the contraceptive pill for women was first introduced. "Taking Prep has helped me to trust again, have relationships and build bridges and that shouldn't be taken away." His view is also one shared by leading health officials. Jim McManus and Dominic Harrison, both directors of public health, recently wrote a joint piece in the British Medical Journal calling for Prep to be made available to all. They described NHS England's decision not to, as "an incoherent national approach to HIV prevention". NHS England has said it will provide £2m over the next two years to research how Prep "could be commissioned in the most clinically and cost effective way".

كان أحد الأدوية الوقائية لفيروس نقص المناعة البشرية موضوع معركة قانونية حول المنظمة التي يجب أن تدفع ثمنها. بينما يكسب الناشطون قضيتهم أمام المحكمة العليا ضد هيئة الخدمات الصحية الوطنية، يروي أحد الرجال كيف غيّر تناول الدواء حياته.

دواء فيروس نقص المناعة البشرية "أعطاني الثقة لأثق مرة أخرى"

By Hewete HaileselassieBBC News Two-year-old Shamim has spent much of her life in hospital after experiencing recurrent chest infections. Her condition has meant she has needed a tracheostomy - where surgeons create an artificial opening into the windpipe that is held open by a tracheostomy tube - and has been put on a ventilator to help her breathe. Shamim's treatment left her weak and she had difficulty breathing. Normally, a little girl as sick as Shamim would need to remain in hospital - with access to specialist care - for the foreseeable future. But she is one of hundreds of children who have benefitted from a scheme which teaches parents how to look after their sick children at home. The 'Breatheasy' programme, run by Sister Jane Booth at the Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital in Cape Town, trains parents to take over the care for their technology-dependent children from the medical team at the hospital. The programme is specifically designed for children who have tracheostomies or need to be on ventilators. Sister Booth believes that these children are better off to returning home to their families and communities, rather than remaining in hospital. But this can be dangerous, given the children's delicate medical condition. She says: "This is a very unique programme, where a very, very complicated medical condition needs to be de-medicalised and simplified so that normal families are able to know and understand all of the procedures and be able to do everything for their own child so they can take them home." Mum 'has the patience' In more developed countries, if a child as sick as Shamim were to be sent home, nurses would visit regularly to carry out the tracheostomy changes and check the patient was well. But Cape Town's health services simply cannot afford to fund such aftercare, so this programme makes sure parents can cope with their child on their own at home. Sister Jane said it's much better for the child. "The amazing thing about parents is once they start doing the procedures they actually go better than when us nurses do them, because you know some mums can coax their children into lying still and letting mummy just do it and mum has the patience to do that." Four-year-old Pamela is one of the children who has benefited from this programme. She was very sick and under the care of the intensive care unit for several months. Her parents Sam and Shermaine Ntanga were put on the training programme and told they could take Pamela home if they learnt how to look after her. It wasn't easy, Shermaine was very nervous and remembers the first time she tried to change the tracheostomy. "The first time was not good at all ... I actually ran away and I left Sister Jane alone with Pamela. "But she calmed me down and said it's okay Shermaine, tomorrow we'll try it again." Pamela's parents eventually came to grips with the training and were able to take her home with a tracheostomy, fully ventilated and unable to walk. Some months later the tracheostomy was removed. She now breathes without the ventilator and is able to walk unaided. 'A new dimension' "It was just such a wonderful thing to have her living at home because that is where she really started to improve," says Sister Jane. "Pamela's parents were really very, very nervous in the beginning and it took us a few weeks to calm them down and once they started to engage with us, learning to look after her they took to it like a duck to water and they learnt to do all the procedures around Pamela." Pamela's father, Sam Ntanga, agrees that being at home has contributed to her recovery, especially being around her older siblings. "It worked wonders because she was around Theo, her big brother. Every time when she sees him she lightened up. She's very happy to be around him all the time because they play a lot. "Her sister also assisted in a lot of things like eating and walking and being more active. She started following her sister what she was doing and that helped her to recover." Sister Jane says that sending the children home is essentially about restoring their quality of lif.: "Life takes on a new dimension out of the hospital, and it really is about giving children back their childhood and allowing them to enjoy their lives even though they have a life threatening condition and we don't know how long they might live. "But the life they have we have to give them the best life that we can and that's the whole point of the programme for me, that children can enjoy their lives as much as is possible for them." The hope is that the Breatheasy scheme can be expanded to help children with other illnesses, such as those who have diabetes or who are on dialysis. Med in Africa is a brand new eight-part series showcasing health innovations across Africa and what these might mean for the future of healthcare on the continent and beyond.

يمكن أن تشكل رعاية طفل مريض تحديًا للعائلات، حتى مع أعلى مستوى من الدعم. وهناك مخطط في جنوب أفريقيا يساعد الآباء - الذين لا يحصلون على هذا الدعم - على رعاية أطفالهم بأنفسهم.

الرعاية المنزلية تساعد الأطفال على "التنفس بسهولة"

He was elected for a second term in 2020 amid opposition accusations of fraud and intimidation. Before he was president he acquired the nickname "the bulldozer" for driving a programme to build roads as minister for works, and later was hailed for his anti-corruption stance and his distinct dislike for wasting money. As president he was also accused of cracking down on dissent and curtailing certain freedoms, but following his death reflections on his time in power will be dominated by his idiosyncratic handling of Covid-19. 'Coronavirus is the devil' When Covid-19 arrived in Tanzania, President Magufuli did not believe in people staying at home. He wanted them to get into the churches and mosques to pray. "Coronavirus, which is a devil, cannot survive in the body of Christ... It will burn instantly," Magufuli, a devout Christian, pronounced from the altar of a church in the capital, Dodoma. Since June 2020, when he declared the country "Covid-19 free", the president, along with other top government officials, mocked the efficacy of masks, doubted if testing worked, and teased neighbouring countries which imposed health measures to curb the virus. There was little testing and no plans were made for a vaccination programme, leaving the country as an outlier. But when he was sworn in as president in October 2015, Magufuli seemed to be the sort of person Tanzania needed - an efficient, incorruptible leader. 'Bulldozer' gets to work His results-oriented actions were also framed as applicable to other African countries - a dose of what the continent needed to deal with its governance issues. On the very first day of his presidency, he sent a stark message that he would not tolerate the country's chronic absenteeism in its civil service, when he visited the finance ministry offices, asking for the whereabouts of those not at work. He also purged thousands of so-called "ghost workers" - essentially non-existent employees - from the public payroll, and fired officials considered corrupt or under-performing, in public. Sometimes this was even done live on television. And he clamped down on what he saw as extravagant spending, cancelling Independence Day celebrations for the first time in 54 years. Instead, he ordered a public clean-up, getting his own hands dirty by picking up rubbish outside State House. He also banned all foreign trips for public servants. In the first year of Magufuli's presidency, this approach earned him a great deal of praise, inspiring the Twitter hashtag: #WhatWouldMagufuliDo. While some posts mocked the president's austere policies - for example: "Was about to buy myself an oven then I asked myself #WhatWouldMagufuliDo" with a photo of a saucepan suspended over candles - others called for more African leaders to emulate his leadership style. In 2017, a Kenyan professor went so far as to call for the "Magufulication" of Africa during an address at the University of Dar es Salaam. But from the outset, it was also clear there was a darker side to his leadership - that a number of his initiatives would slowly chip away at the country's democratic space. John Magufuli at a glance In January 2016, barely two months into his term, his administration announced that state TV would no longer broadcast live parliamentary proceedings, officially as a cost-cutting measure. The opposition saw this as censorship as it was among the few ways it could hold the government to account. It planned demonstrations against the ban, but the government responded by banning all protests. Another example of such censorship was Magufuli's response to a 2017 song by popular Tanzanian rapper Nay wa Mitego. Less than a day after its release, Mitego found himself in police custody. He was accused of insulting the president and maligning the government for his song which included the prescient lyrics: "Is there still freedom of expression in this country?" the raspy-voiced artist, whose real name is Emmanuel Elibariki, had rapped. "What if I speak and later find myself at Central [Police Station]?" "Are there leaders who make stupid decisions? There are!" The fear he sang about had come true - he was indeed detained at the Central Police Station in Dar es Salaam. Although President Magufuli ordered Nay wa Mitego's release just a day later, he advised that the song should be reworked to include lyrics about other problems in the society, such as tax cheats. In 2017, opposition MP Tundu Lissu, who three years later ran against Magufuli for the presidency, was shot and seriously injured outside his home. Mr Lissu accused the state of trying to kill him and he was charged with hate speech for calling the president a dictator. The government denied any involvement in the attack. In what was seen by human rights groups as curbing press freedom, the president's administration suspended newspapers. Amnesty International also said that journalists feared being targeted. Huge tax bill Magufuli's administration continued to roll out a cocktail of bold and unusual directives, introducing new laws intended to increase revenue from multinational mining firms. In 2017, Acacia Mining, a subsidiary of Canadian parent company Barrick Gold, was slapped with an incredible $190bn (£145bn) tax bill over royalties the government said it owed, though it denied any wrongdoing. As part of the settlement, Barrick eventually agreed to pay $300m after buying out Acacia, and a new operating company, Twiga Minerals, was formed with the government owning 16% of the joint venture. Barrick and the Tanzanian government also agreed to the sharing of unspecified future economic benefits from the mines on a 50-50 basis. Then there was his highly contentious scuppering of an attempt to overturn the stipulation that pregnant schoolgirls be expelled. And in 2018, Tanzania passed a law to punish anyone questioning official statistics, making the state the sole custodian of data. The World Bank said the changes were "deeply worrying". But even his critics agree that Magufuli contributed to Tanzania's development, investing in several large infrastructure projects such as the creation of a standard gauge railway to connect the country with its regional neighbours, the expansion of major highways, and the construction of a bus rapid transit system in the commercial hub of Dar es Salaam. He also increased electricity production to the grid which reduced the need for power rationing. And he revived the state-run national airline, Air Tanzania. He styled his governance after Tanzania's first president, Mwalimu Julius Nyerere, who was always fiercely independent. And this appeared to inform his approach to coronavirus. "Our founding father was not someone to be directed to be told what to do… Those who devise these kinds of rules [lockdown] are used to making these directives that our founding father refused," Magufuli said, referring to Nyerere's habit of rejecting advice coming from Western nations, who the committed socialist distrusted. 'I know what it means to be poor' Magufuli grew up under Nyerere's rule in a village in north-western Chato district along the shore of Lake Victoria, and says his modest background has inspired his own desire to work for the Tanzanian public. "Our home was grass thatched, and like many boys I was assigned to herd cattle, as well as selling milk and fish to support my family," he said during his 2015 campaign. "I know what it means to be poor. I will strive to help improve people's welfare," he added. After school he worked for a year as a senior school maths and chemistry teacher before returning to further education. He worked for a few years as an industrial chemist before resigning in 1995 to run for the parliamentary seat in his own Chato constituency. After taking that seat, he quickly rose through the ranks to be appointed deputy minister for public works. The department's senior minister, Mama Anna Abdallah, says his no-nonsense style, focused on efficiency and results, was quickly evident. In his first year in the job he succeeded in steamrolling through the building of a long-delayed road. By 2015, Magufuli wanted to run for the presidency. He is said to have been considered a consensus candidate for the Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) party - which had been in power for 54 years in one form or another. The elections were the tightest in the country's history, but Magufuli pulled ahead to win with 58% of the vote. He won his second term with 84% of the vote, but the main opposition parties denounced the result as fraudulent. Calls for other regional leaders to emulate Magufuli's style diminished as he faced criticism from political opponents, civil society and Western countries, who said he was oppressing the opposition, curtailing press freedom and holding foreign companies to ransom. But as a president who often styled himself as an African nationalist and devout Catholic waging war against foreign powers seeking to exploit the East African nation, he was not perturbed by such censure. This may have steered his attitude towards dealing with the pandemic, an attitude that will forever colour the way Magufuli will be viewed.

توفي جون بومبي ماجوفولي، ابن مزارع فلاح أصبح رئيسًا لتنزانيا في عام 2015، عن عمر يناهز 61 عامًا. وبعد أن تم الإشادة به لنهجه الجاد، أصبح زعيمًا مثيرًا للجدل، خاصة فيما يتعلق باستجابته لوباء فيروس كورونا.

جون ماجوفولي: رئيس "الجرافة" في تنزانيا

By Alex Hunt & Brian WheelerBBC News Sorry, your browser cannot display this content. Find your constituency and candidates Enter a postcode or seat name What is a general election? A general election is how the British public decide who they want to represent them in Parliament and, ultimately, run the country. Everyone who is eligible - and registered (see below) - gets to vote for one candidate to represent their local area, which is known in Parliament as a constituency. The candidates standing for election aare usually drawn from political parties, but can also stand as independents. The person with the most votes in a constituency is elected as its MP, to represent that area in the House of Commons. The leader of the political party with the most MPs after the election is expected to be asked by the Queen to become prime minister and form a government to run the country. The leader of the political party with the second highest number of MPs normally becomes leader of the opposition. Once elected, MPs work both in your area - or their constituency - dealing with local matters, and in Parliament, where they vote and help shape law, alongside 649 other MPs. Why is there going to be a general election on 8 June? UK Prime Minister Theresa May has called a general election on 8 June - three years earlier than scheduled. Mrs May's official reason for holding an election was to strengthen her hand in Brexit negotiations. She claimed Labour, the SNP and the Lib Dems would try to destabilise and frustrate the process in Parliament. But Mrs May's Conservative Party has a big opinion poll lead over Labour so she will be hoping the election will see her getting a bigger majority in the House of Commons, tightening her grip on power. As things stand, it does not take many Conservative MPs to decide they don't like something the government is doing to get it derailed. Mrs May is also tied to the promises made by the Conservatives at the 2015 election, when David Cameron was prime minister. She has made a few changes - such as backing grammar schools and easing plans to reduce the deficit - but an election gives her the chance to set out her own vision for Britain. Where do the parties stand in the opinion polls? Find out the latest picture with the BBC's poll tracker. The latest polls have shown the Conservatives ahead, but that their longstanding lead over Labour has narrowed. What manifestos have been published? The Conservatives published their manifesto on 18 May with Theresa May promising a "mainstream government that will deliver for mainstream Britain". Labour's manifesto was launched on 16 May - Jeremy Corbyn pledged to raise the income tax rate for earnings over £80,000 and £123,000. The Liberal Democrats launched their manifesto on 17 May with leader Tim Farron promising a second EU referendum. The SNP unveiled their manifesto on 30 May with a call for a Scottish referendum at the end of the Brexit process. Plaid Cymru promised to give Wales a "strong voice" in Brexit when it launched its manifesto on 16 May. UKIP launched its manifesto on 25 May with a pledge to tackle radical Islam. In Northern Ireland, Sinn Fein published its manifesto on 22 May saying a "new era" was opening up in Irish politics and the SDLP published its pledges on 30 May. The DUP followed on 31 May, saying the union with the UK was "by far" the most important issue of the campaign. The Alliance Party's manifesto was published the same day and the UUP's manifesto came on 1 June. You can read and compare all the parties' hand-on-heart pledges with our super simple manifesto guide. Who is allowed to vote? Basically, if you're aged 18 or over on election day, registered to vote and a British citizen you can vote. Citizens of the Republic of Ireland resident in the UK and citizens of qualifying Commonwealth states resident in the UK can also vote if they are over 18 and registered to vote. What if I'm abroad? British citizens living abroad can vote if they have been registered to vote in the UK in the past 15 years, although the deadline to apply to register now passed, as has the postal vote application deadline. People who will be temporarily abroad can vote by post (although it's too late to apply for a postal vote) or by proxy, which means getting someone else to vote for you. How do I register to vote? It's too late to register to vote in the general election on 8 June. You can register to vote in future elections online. How do I vote by post? It's now too late to apply for a postal vote. If you have already applied, post your completed ballot paper and voting statement back as soon as possible so they arrive in time. Alternatively, forms can be handed into your local polling station by 22:00 BST on polling day. What about students who live away from home? Students may be registered at both their home address, and at a university or college address. It all depends whether you spend an equal amount of time at each and, ultimately, the electoral registration officer will decide whether or not someone can register at both. At the general election, it is an offence to vote more than once. What if I've moved house? Anyone who has moved since they last voted, must register at their new address - paying council tax does not mean you are registered to vote. If you did not re-register in time, you may be able to still vote at the address you originally registered at. If this is too far away, you can always arrange a proxy vote. What if I'm on holiday? You can vote either by post or by proxy - which is where you appoint someone else to register your vote on your behalf. To do that you can download the form here. Whoever you nominate must be eligible to vote in the election themselves. The deadline for applying to vote by proxy for 8 June was set as 5pm on Wednesday 31 May. Details of where to find your local registration office are on this site. Why is this a 'surprise' or 'snap' election'? Theresa May had said she wanted to wait until 2020 for the next scheduled election but changed her mind, in a move that took everyone by surprise. Prime ministers used to be free to hold an election whenever they felt like it - but under the 2011 Fixed Term Parliaments Act, a general election is supposed to take place every five years on the first Thursday in May, which is why the next one was scheduled for May 2020. But an election can be called ahead of schedule for two reasons - if there is a vote of "no confidence" in the current government, or if MPs vote for an early election by a two-thirds majority. Mrs May chose the second option, which was overwhelmingly backed by MPs, by 522 votes to 13. You have to go back to 1966 and Labour Prime Minister Harold Wilson for the last example of a government holding an election after a short time in power to increase its number of MPs. In 1974, there were two elections eight months apart - but that was under different circumstances because no party won a majority in the Commons in the first one. When will the general election after this one be held? A 2017 general election means that the subsequent election is now due in 2022. That's because the Fixed Term Parliaments Act, which decrees that elections take place every five years, is still in force. But an election could be held at any time if two-thirds of MPs vote for it, as they did this time. A future government could also decide to scrap the Fixed Term Parliaments Act - the Conservative manifesto includes plans to do so. What are the key dates? Parliament broke up on 3 May to allow just over a month of full-pelt campaigning ahead of 8 June. What about the local elections? The general election didn't stop voting taking place in 34 local council areas in England, all 32 councils in Scotland and all 22 councils in Wales on 4 May. The Conservatives gained control of 11 councils and Labour lost seven, with UKIP losing the 145 council seats it had been defending, and gaining just one. In addition, six areas in England voted for newly-created "combined local authority mayors". The Conservatives won four mayoral races and Labour two. The Manchester Gorton by-election, caused by the death of Labour MP Gerald Kaufman, had been due to take place on 4 May but will now be held at the same time as the general election on 8 June. What does the general election mean for Brexit? Britain is still on course to officially leave the European Union on Friday 29 March 2019. Negotiations with other EU nations are not due to start until June, meaning the election will probably be over and a new government in place before any serious talking gets under way in Brussels. The Conservative Party says this is a "one-off chance to hold an election while the European Union agrees its negotiating position". If Mrs May wins by a big margin in the UK, she will see it as a vote of confidence in her strategy for leaving the EU. But if her slender House of Commons majority is cut further or she loses the election - with anti-Brexit parties such as the Liberal Democrats getting many more MPs - then the UK's current Brexit strategy will be up for grabs. There's a summary of where Britain's parties stand on Brexit, if you'd like to read it. What is a poll tracker? There are lots of opinion polls carried out in the run-up to a general election. Their methods vary but they usually survey the views of at least 1,000 people to find which political party is likely to get most votes. They give each party a percentage rating based on how many people said they would vote for them. A poll tracker amalgamates the results of several opinion polls to try to get as clear a picture as possible. The BBC tracker, for example, takes the results of the latest seven opinion polls, on a rolling basis, and works out the median (middle) rating for each party. When you hear someone talking about one party having a poll lead over another - they are talking about the gap between the percentage ratings of the parties in the latest poll or set of polls. Aren't the polls always wrong? The opinion polls were wrong about the 2015 general election and the industry has yet to fully fix the problems that caused those inaccuracies. So they should be taken with a pinch of salt. But the gap between Labour and the Conservatives in the polls leading up to the 2015 election was between 0% and 6%, and in the end the Conservatives did better than polls suggested. The Conservatives have a bigger lead than that now, although it has narrowed recently. How would the current opinion polls translate into seats? It's not a straightforward process to work it out. Many Labour MPs have "safe" seats - they got thousands more votes than their nearest rivals in 2015, meaning they could lose votes and still retain their place in the Commons. The Conservatives have fewer "safe" seats than Labour. They pulled off their surprise 2015 general election victory by winning seats just where they needed them, such as in previously Liberal Democrat-held constituencies in the south-west of England. The danger for Labour is that it piles up votes in seats it already holds - something that happened in 2015 - rather than in areas represented by rival parties. This makes it harder for it to suffer large-scale losses, but it also makes it relatively harder for it to make big gains. Are there going to be any boundary changes in this election? No. They were not due to be introduced until 2020. A public consultation is under way with final proposals set to be made in 2018. Who is standing? The main parties faced a race against time to get candidates in place and some streamlined their normal selection procedures, with more candidates chosen centrally. Some 68 parties and 191 independent candidates contribute to a total of 3,304 people standing for Parliament this year - a decrease of 664 from 2015. Are any MPs standing down? Oh yes - it's proved a good chance for people to get out, or try to return to, frontline politics. Some of the big names stepping down include former Conservative chancellor George Osborne - who is now editing the London Evening Standard newspaper - and ex-party chairman Sir Eric Pickles. Labour's Alan Johnson is retiring, and former health secretary Andy Burnham will not stand after becoming Mayor of Greater Manchester. Some former MPs are aiming to get back, though - including former Lib Dem ministers Sir Vince Cable and Ed Davey. And others are throwing their hat into the ring for the first time, including blogger Jack Monroe - who is campaigning over the NHS - while UKIP's Paul Nuttall is among his party's best known hopefuls. How do the parties currently stand? The Conservatives have 330 seats, Labour 229, the SNP 54, the Lib Dems nine and Plaid Cymru three. The Green Party has one MP. UKIP have no MPs after their sole representative left the party and became an independent. For Northern Ireland, the Democratic Unionist Party have eight MPs; Sinn Fein, who don't take up their seats, four; the Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) three; and the Ulster Unionist Party two. Five MPs sit as independents.

ومن المقرر أن تجري المملكة المتحدة انتخابات عامة في الثامن من يونيو/حزيران. إليك ما تحتاج إلى معرفته. اطرح سؤالاً ▼

الانتخابات العامة: ما تحتاج إلى معرفته

The county council started demolishing the maisonettes in Flint in 2012 as part of its masterplan to unlock space. A community consultation highlighted the "poor physical appearance" of the grey brick 1970s homes and the need to make the town "better connected". A 3D model goes on show on Monday revealing the new proposals. A council spokesperson said: "The proposals aim to develop Flint as a viable and attractive town that better serves the needs of the existing community and also has the ability to attract people from outside the town." The plans can be viewed at the Old Court House between noon and 19:00 GMT.

تُظهر خطط إعادة تطوير وسط مدينة فلينتشاير تصميمًا جديدًا للمنازل والطرق والأماكن العامة والمباني.

يتم عرض خطط إعادة تطوير مدينة فلينت

By Frances HarrisonFormer BBC Sri Lanka correspondent It was not hard to spot her. The house on the outskirts of Dublin, Ireland, was full of plump Sri Lankan Tamils, joking loudly and overloading the table with dishes of steaming biryani for Sunday lunch. In the corner, reluctant to come forward, stood a skeletal gaunt-faced woman with dark circles under her eyes, a tell-tale sign of sleepless nights. When her brother stood next to her it was impossible to see any family resemblance because she was so physically different after months of starvation and trauma. She looked like the figure in Edvard Munch's famous Scream picture come to life. I call her Sharmila but that is not her real name. Nobody who escapes Sri Lanka wants to be identified when they tell their stories for fear of what might happen to their extended families back home. Sharmila more so than others because she left behind a husband and two children. A farmer's wife inside rebel-held areas of northern Sri Lanka, Sharmila was one of hundreds of thousands of Tamil civilians caught up in the final phase of the war as the government crushed the Tamil Tiger rebels once and for all. A UN investigation said it was possible up to 40,000 people were killed in those five months alone. Others suggest the number of deaths could be even higher. As European tourists sunned themselves on Sri Lanka's southern beaches in 2009, at the other end of the island Sharmila was cowering on a squalid overcrowded beach as scores of rockets from multi-barrelled launchers pummelled the area. Doctors were forced to amputate children's legs without anaesthetic, using butchers' knives in a series of makeshift hospitals that repeatedly came under direct fire. Human rights' groups counted 35 attacks on hospitals in those months - too many to be purely accidental. It is a story of atrocities that was not fully told at the time - journalists and aid workers were barred from the war zone. Three years on, most of the Sinhalese - the majority of Sri Lankans - simply choose not to ask what their troops did in the name of victory. The government still denies accusations that it committed war crimes. Sharmila though cannot forget how she used a shovel to collect up the body parts of her neighbours, blown to pieces by shells. She is haunted by all the people she saw die: a man as he took his son to the toilet, two small children nearby, hundreds queuing under a tree for food. Her own daughter narrowly missed being hit by a shell and a bullet whizzed past her cheek when she went to a Hindu temple to pray that if they were going to die, it would at least be all together, rather than one by one. If the indiscriminate shelling by the government was not enough, there was the added threat of the rebels who needed cannon fodder. Sharmila's daughter was 14 years old and at risk of being snatched. It had long been compulsory for every family to give one child to the rebels to fight. As the war drew to a close they returned for the others. It happened to Sharmila's sister as they camped on the beach. Her first son died fighting so the rebels came for the second, then the third, only 16 years old. "Kill us first, we have already given you two children," screamed Sharmila's sister, but the Tigers just pushed her aside and snatched the boy. That was the last they ever saw of him. Years later Sharmila is still a shattered woman. As she told her story in Dublin, she twisted her sweating palms in anguish and her chair started wobbling. Then I noticed the curtain behind her was quivering too - her whole body physically trembling so much with the effort of remembering that it made everything around her vibrate. I have never seen a person so literally shaken by what they had experienced, many months after the event. Sharmila is typical of the survivors I have interviewed, many of whom are now suicidal, broken people coming forward to tell their stories for the first time. A brave doctor who served in the makeshift clinics saving thousands of lives can no longer stand the sight of blood. A photographer cannot look through a camera lens without seeing dead children. And a Catholic nun struggled to keep her faith in a loving God after everything she had seen. How to listen to From Our Own Correspondent: BBC Radio 4: A 30-minute programme on Saturdays, 11:30 BST. Second 30-minute programme on Thursdays, 11:00 BST (some weeks only). Listen online or download the podcast BBC World Service: Hear daily 10-minute editions Monday to Friday, repeated through the day, also available to listen online. Read more or explore the archive at the programme website.

وانتهت الحرب الأهلية في سريلانكا - التي أودت بحياة 100 ألف شخص - في عام 2009 عندما سحقت القوات الحكومية أخيرًا تمردًا دام ما يقرب من 40 عامًا من قبل جماعة نمور التاميل المتمردة. وكانت الأشهر الأخيرة قاسية بشكل خاص، ولن ينسى الناجون بسهولة ما حدث لهم.

الناجون المكسورون من الحرب الأهلية في سريلانكا

Christopher Wilson, 43, from Saltash, Cornwall, is accused of performing "an abuse of the public's trust" in December 2018 at Launceston. The officer, who is currently suspended from Devon and Cornwall Police, did not enter a plea at Exeter Magistrates' Court. He is due to appear at Exeter Crown Court on 27 November.

مثل ضابط شرطة أمام المحكمة بتهمة سوء السلوك في منصب عام.

ضابط شرطة كورنوال يمثل أمام المحكمة بتهمة سوء السلوك

This week, the spacecraft flew to within 120,000km of the Titan moon in order to nudge its trajectory enough to send it on a collision course with Saturn. Nasa referred to this manoeuvre as a "goodbye kiss", as it will melt into Saturn's atmosphere on 15 September. Its destruction is expected to take only a matter of seconds. TAP HERE TO SEE WHAT CASSINI SAW ON ITS MISSION Image subject to copyright

لقد قامت باكتشافات حول الكوكب الحلقي على مدى السنوات الـ 13 الماضية، لكن الرحلة الملحمية للمسبار الفضائي كاسيني تقترب من نهايتها.

"قبلة الوداع" لكاسيني

Robert Owens, 47, pleaded guilty to killing Iris Owens, in Ystrad Mynach, near Caerphilly. He appeared via videolink from Cardiff prison for the hearing at the city's crown court. He is due to be sentenced next month. Judge Eleri Rees ordered him to be seen by a psychiatrist "because of the peculiar nature of the case".

اعترف ابن بقتل والدته البالغة من العمر 75 عامًا في منزلها في مقاطعة كيرفيلي في مايو الماضي.

إيريس أوينز: الابن يعترف بأن يستراد ميناخ قتل والدته

In the US, the S&P 500 topped 2,670, rising more than 400 points or about 19% over the year. Japan's Nikkei also gained nearly 20%. Even the UK's FTSE indexes hit record highs, ending the year more than 7% ahead. As Morgan Stanley analysts put it, for shareholders at least, the year has been "absurdly good". So what drove the growth and will it continue? Here are some factors to consider in 2018. Global boom A major driver of stock market growth in 2017 was a booming global economy that surpassed expectations. Will the growth continue? Forecasters say basically, yes. The OECD is predicting 3.7% growth in 2018, up from 3.6% this year. IHS Markit expects growth of about 3.2%, while the forecasts of Bank of America Merrill Lynch and Goldman Sachs are a bit rosier at 3.8% and 4%, respectively. One boost will come from the US, where many economists expect new tax cuts to provide a temporary economic jolt, with forecasts for GDP growth of about 2.5%. The increase is expected to translate into stock market gains, although less than in 2017. Morgan Stanley predicts the S&P 500 will reach 2,750 in 2018. Bank of America Merrill Lynch expects it could hit 2,800, while Goldman Sachs forecasts a rise to 2,850 as corporate profits climb. "While there are potential pitfalls in store for 2018, the weight of the evidence as we move toward the New Year remains bullish," Baird analysts wrote in a December report. In some regions, however, it may prove hard to beat the prior year. Economists expect growth in China to slow, and say it will be difficult for Europe to match its 2017 expansion, which was the fastest in a decade. In the UK, PwC predicts GDP growth will slow to 1.4%, while Moody's Analytics predicts 1.3% growth. US tax changes In the US, one factor boosting stocks in 2017 was optimism that Republicans would deliver corporate tax cuts - and they did, passing the most significant overhaul of the US tax code in a generation. In 2018, we'll start to see how companies and consumers respond to the cuts. Will excess cash lead to a flurry of corporate mergers or new investment? Will multinationals adopt different tax strategies? Will revenue declines caused by the cuts lead politicians to slash US welfare programs, exacerbating the gap between rich and poor and stirring political tension? Some analysts worry the stimulus will cause the economy to overheat, and lead the Federal Reserve to raise rates more aggressively than planned. Such a move, which comes as banks in other countries are also removing stimulus, could raise the risk of triggering a recession. But most economists aren't anticipating that will happen in 2018. "With robust growth momentum and no major economic imbalances or other key recession risk indicators flashing red, we see no obvious reason why the expansion needs to end any time soon," Goldman Sachs analysts wrote this month. Trade fights The election of US President Donald Trump sparked fears of trade wars and increased protectionism. He took some steps in that direction in 2017, withdrawing the US from the Trans-Pacific Partnership and ramping up some disputes with Canada. It should become clearer in 2018 how much of his rhetoric will turn into reality, as negotiations over the North American Free Trade Agreement (Nafta) come to a head. President Trump continues to threaten to scrap the deal, but he faces opposition from within his own party, as well as powerful business associations. "There are extensive trade ties among the three North American economies, and an abrupt end of the agreement would impart adjustment costs on many businesses in the three countries," Wells Fargo analysts wrote. Officials hope to wrap up the discussions this spring before election campaigns in Mexico and the US get underway. Also pending is an investigation of intellectual property theft in China. Tech stocks Technology giants - including big names such as Facebook, Amazon, Netflix and Google - powered US stock markets this year, while shaking up traditional sectors including car-makers, department stores, grocers, media giants, banks and advertisers. The tech firms, which are becoming increasingly global, are likely to remain strong stock picks in 2018, said Jill Hall, an equity strategist at Bank of America Merrill Lynch. But the digital behemoths are also facing backlash over their increasing dominance, a groundswell spurred in part by concerns about crippling cyber breaches and the proliferation of fake news on the social media platforms. Will 2018 be the year when US regulators take action? In Europe, authorities have already stepped up enforcement of tax, privacy and competition rules. Scott Kessler of CFRA Research predicts additional action in Europe and possibly the US, yielding at least one more multi-billion dollar fine in 2018.

أسواق الأسهم العالمية تختتم عامها الحافل.

اقتصاد 2018: ما يجب مشاهدته

By Tammy McAllisterBBC News, Somerset Sgt Lungu, one of only 16 officers from a black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) background in Wiltshire, now works full-time to increase diversity within the force. He said: "In my lifetime if we can get the first black chief constable in Wiltshire, that would be success." Vindicated, but change needed The tribunal ruled Wiltshire Police had unlawfully discriminated against Sgt Lungu. At the time he said he needed reassurance the force would take discrimination seriously in future. "I felt vindicated, but the main thing really was to be acknowledged that something has happened, and hoping that change would come after that," he said. "To me it was to make sure that they understand that something is wrong. Having said that, I felt I had to be part of that group to fix it." Just as the ruling came out, the force restructured with new working practices in place and a new chief constable appointed. Black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) representation 6.6%of police officers in England and Wales are from BAME groups 14%of the overall population are BAME 122,404full time police officers in England and Wales 10,899are BAME Not only has he stayed with the force but in 2016, Sgt Lungu took over as the chair of the Wiltshire Black Police Officer Association (BPA) after a colleague retired. With the new changes in place, he was allowed to work in this role full-time rather than fit it in with his traditional officer duties. "Leadership decided I could do it full time which gives me enough time to come up with new ideas and innovations and ask the members what they want to see in their careers, building their confidence," he said. "Now pretty much 85% of BAME (Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic) staff are members. "We've got a BAME development programme, where they meet every month for three hours within work time where they can discuss anything, personal, organisational issues, and they can share experiences." Home Office figures for 2018 showed Wiltshire Police had 1,021 police officers and 767 staff. But only 16 officers at the force were from BAME backgrounds, 1.8% of the total, compared with the most recent census figures, from 2011, which revealed a 5.5% BAME population in the county. However, since 2015, four BAME officers have been promoted to sergeant level in Wiltshire and the force said more BAME officers were taking the exams that paved the way for promotion. The force said over the next two years, 5.3% of its cohort of recruits were BAME, which would improve diversity rates. The Metropolitan Police is the country's most diverse force, with 14.2% of officers from Asian, black, mixed or other ethnic groups. However, the overall non-white population of London was 40.2% at the time of the most recent census. Wiltshire is the 10th least diverse force in England or Wales - though there is not a huge difference between the top and bottom of that league table, and its figures are closer to the average for the area's population than several other forces' are. Why don't black people join the police? President of the National Black Police Association, Tola Munro, welcomed the positive action taken by Sgt Lungu and Wiltshire Police. But he said it was more important for all UK forces to deal with the issue of why people from BAME backgrounds did not want to join the police, rather than promotion rates. He also said using the term BAME was "artificial" as there were differences between each ethnic group. "If we just stick with black people for the moment, clearly there are reasons why black people historically may not want to join the service," Mr Munro said. "They may feel they may be discriminated against, they may feel they may be subjected to more stop and search. "They feel that even when they do join the service, they may be more likely to be dismissed from the same service. "People go through some dire situations in terms of discrimination or disproportionately go through the disciplinary system. "It remains that you're three times more likely to be sacked from the service if you are a black or Asian officer than if you're a white officer, which should not be the case." Mr Munro said a third of the 43 forces in England and Wales had no black female officers - "an amazing statistic in this day and age" - while seven forces had no female Asian officers. "When you look at the intersections between gender and race, the differences are even more stark," he said, adding the BPA believed positive discrimination could solve this. "It's the only way to really get the figures up where they need to be. Nobody is talking about lowering standards or people coming through the back door," he said. Away from the front line Another strategy championed by Sgt Lungu has been to drive up diversity across the Wiltshire force - not just officers but support staff positions. Mamata Raia is of Nepalese heritage and is an accountancy officer. She said: "I used to think 'What are they going to think about me?'. "Even before saying anything I used to think twice. "When I walk to my work I feel like I'm the only one. If I look from outside I feel like there is nobody like me but with this support I don't feel isolated, scared or nervous anymore. "I'm a different person now, in the way my confidence has built, I can see how scared and nervous I used to be four years ago. "I want to keep moving up, I don't think there is a limit for me. After I feel like I have achieved everything in this role I'd like to move on... to the next step." Recruitment changes In Wiltshire, structural changes of the promotion process have altered interview panels to avoid penalising people "who could not perform on the day" or favouring "the popular one". "We've now got a resource management panel where people are openly discussed by a panel and they don't even come in, so if there's any aspect of unconscious bias that can be challenged," said Sgt Lungu. "If any views are put forward they have to got to be evidence-based." A reverse mentoring scheme was also introduced in January. Senior officers are partnered with BAME officers for 12 months to meet on a regular basis to gain an insight into particular issues such as racism or cultural difference officers and staff experience. Deputy Chief Constable Paul Mills, the force's lead on diversity, equality and inclusion, is going through the scheme. "It's making sure there's an environment where both of us can get the very best of that interaction and make sure it's a comfortable one," he said. "What you do in terms of your day job, to a certain extent, should be left at the door, because that's the best way you can get the best out of it." Ambitious officers PC Karoline Maia, from Brazil, has served at Wiltshire Police for five years. "I'm happy with what I'm doing, although my future goal is to take my sergeants' exam and see if I can progress that way," she said. "If I was to compare it with my previous force, we never even had a BAME group and sit down and have a chat about our career aspirations. "It gives us an outlook of where we could go in the future. To know there are plans in place to go up the ranks should we want to, I feel very supported." The Wiltshire BPA also holds monthly meetings, which is regularly attended by 20 or so of its members. Sgt Ho Tsang moved to Swindon from Hong Kong when he was nine. He passed his sergeant's exam with flying colours in 2007, ranked 23rd across the UK in a test that only 35% of entrants usually pass, but said he had been disillusioned since. "My confidence did definitely go down and I was on the verge of leaving the job until Ronnie and the mentoring meetings, and they saw how upset I was," he said. "It was good because for him to pick that up and really want me to open up to them helped me in terms of staying in this job, working in the police and getting promoted. "Ronnie has done such a great job, and the BAME group, in terms of getting my confidence up and telling me 'You are good enough, you've worked this hard, you've proved yourself'." The future While Sgt Lungu's hope is to see a black chief constable appointed in Wiltshire, concerns remain over glass ceilings. Sgt Lungu said: "The fact that we can all refer back to a guy called Mike Fuller, who is a chief constable in Kent who retired almost 10 years ago and has had two careers since then, remains a concern. "So some of the changes that we hoped we would see after the Macpherson report really have stalled, or in some cases have gone backward. "If people join, they want to progress and do the best they can. "Talented people, regardless of skin colour, find their progress has stalled. You have to say there remains a problem." The view from outside While efforts are being made to attract more BAME people to the police force, what is the perception of the police force among those communities? In Swindon, there is an established Indian Hindu community of between 6,000 and 10,000 people. Chairman of the Swindon Hindu Temple, Pradeep Bhardwaj, said although relations with the police were positive it was disappointing the town did not have any Indian or Hindu officers he knew of. He described police recruitment as "an area where we could do better and the police could do better". "On many occasions I have, in the past two years, invited Wiltshire Police to come to the temple and organise day events to provide information about what the job is all about, what it brings, what the requirements are, what the rewards are," he said. "People have to be familiar with what it involves and that is the starting point for people to consider joining and also to give information about what the vacancies are and how to apply. "It's a combination of things. People may not be aware as to what the different roles could be, not just the remuneration but the skill sets needed. "There are a lot of back office roles, a lot of call centre roles, and as Hindus have excelled around the world in this, it's a huge surprise we do not have a single Hindu working there." His efforts to organise such events have yet to be followed up by the police. And for BAME officers this works two ways - by having to deal with racism from predominantly white towns. Sgt Tsang said: "I've been racially abused many times, assaulted, but mainly it's verbal abuse. Most people who racially abused me were drunk. "While I was in Chippenham, the times I was racially abused was disproportionately high - it was a shock to me. "I think people are using Brexit as an excuse to be racist more times and to be more outspoken, whether they mean it to be racist or they're saying it because everyone else is saying it and felt it was more acceptable now. "There's no doubt that people know what racism is, and racism is wrong, but they still choose to use those words and, especially in this climate, do they feel they can be more intolerant of other races? It's difficult to say." As for Mr Bhardwaj, he believes while Indians are represented in many areas of public life such as the NHS, it was also important for policing to have ethnic representation. "The police are a bridge between the public and law and order in general, so police officers have to be culturally aware of the cultural sensitivities of Hindus and Indians," he said. "It's a different thing altogether to learn about these sensitivities through indirect channels, like courses. It's different to have people working for you who know these cultural sensitivities first hand. "That is the reason we encourage diversity not just in the workplace but everywhere. "It's important also not to just learn the cultural differences and sensitivities but also improve the goodwill and relations with the community."

في عام 2015، فاز الرقيب روني لونغو بمحكمة تثبت تعرضه لمضايقات عنصرية وتم تجاوزه للترقية في شرطة ويلتشير. لكنه لم يكن يريد ترك القوة التي تلقى فيها هذا العلاج، قائلا إن الأهم هو أن يكون جزءا من مجموعة تعمل على إحداث التغيير.

يأمل رئيس الشرطة السوداء في أن يكون الضابط "المبرر" في شرطة ويلتشير

By Michelle RobertsHealth editor, BBC News online The Scientific Advisory Commission on Nutrition and the health watchdog the National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) have done a rapid review of the evidence. What is the advice? With more people staying indoors during the pandemic, some may have been deprived of vitamin D. Normally, many of us get it by spending time outside. Our skin makes it when exposed to the sun. The NHS says people should consider taking 10 micrograms of vitamin D a day if they are spending a lot of time indoors. Scottish and Welsh governments and Northern Ireland's Public Health Agency issued similar advice during lockdown. Before the pandemic, people in the UK were already advised to consider taking supplements from October to March. Public Health England recommends vitamin D throughout the year if: People with dark skin may also not be getting enough, even if they spend time outdoors, and should consider an all-year-round supplement. There is evidence that black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) people have a higher risk of getting seriously ill with coronavirus. Why do we need vitamin D? Vitamin D is important for healthy bones, teeth and muscles. A lack of it can lead to a bone deformity illness called rickets in children, and a similar bone weakness condition called osteomalacia in adults. There are also suggestions that vitamin D boosts the immune system and helps fight off infections. Some studies suggest adequate vitamin D levels help when we have common colds and flu, for example. But evidence from research is inconsistent. The Scientific Advisory Committee on Nutrition (SACN) says studies on using vitamin D for treating or preventing chest infections showed insufficient evidence to recommend it for this. Can it stop coronavirus? A review of research by NICE suggests there is no evidence to support taking vitamin D supplements to specifically prevent or treat coronavirus. But experts think that it may have some broader health benefits during the pandemic to keep people as nutritionally fit as possible. Some researchers have suggested that vitamin D deficiency might be linked with poorer outcomes if someone catches coronavirus. But other underlying risk factors, such as heart disease, are common in these patients too, making it hard to draw conclusions. Prof Jon Rhodes, Emeritus Professor of Medicine at the University of Liverpool, says vitamin D has anti-inflammatory effects, and some research suggests it may dampen down the body's immune response to viruses. This could be relevant in very ill coronavirus patients, where severe lung damage can result from an inflammatory state in response to the virus, he says, although much more research is needed. Should I take lots of it? No. Although vitamin D supplements are very safe, taking more than the recommended amount every day can be dangerous in the long run. If you choose to take vitamin D supplements: Higher doses may sometimes be recommended by a doctor for patients with proven vitamin D deficiency. Some people with certain medical conditions, such as kidney problems, cannot safely take vitamin D. Where can I buy it? Vitamin D supplements are widely available from supermarkets and chemists. They may be just vitamin D or part of a multivitamin tablet. The ingredient listed on the label of most Vitamin D supplements is D3, the one made by your skin. Vitamin D2 is produced by plants. Vitamin drops are available for babies. What about diet? Although eating a well-balanced diet can help ensure the normal functioning of the immune system, no individual nutrient, food or supplement is going to "boost" it beyond normal levels. It's difficult to get enough vitamin D from food alone. Eating a well-balanced diet is important for good health and is advisable even outside a pandemic. It can include vitamin D-rich foods like oily fish and eggs. Some breakfast cereals, margarines and yoghurts are fortified with vitamin D. Should I sunbathe? Although you cannot overdose on vitamin D through exposure to sunlight, strong sun burns skin so you need to balance making vitamin D with being safe in the sun. Cover up or protect your skin with sunscreen to prevent burning and damage. What about children, babies and pregnant women? The advice is: The dose for adults (10 micrograms a day) applies to pregnant and breastfeeding women. A higher dose may be recommended for pregnant women with dark skin or with high-risk pregnancies.

هناك أسئلة متزايدة حول ما إذا كان فيتامين د يمكن أن يساعد في مكافحة فيروس كورونا.

فيروس كورونا: هل يجب أن أبدأ بتناول فيتامين د؟

The PTI agency said Sumit Rathore and his wife Shivani were asleep when the leopard broke a window and climbed into the room early on Sunday. The couple eventually managed to lock the animal inside the bathroom and raise the alarm. Officials believe that the leopard had been chased by dogs. It later escaped from the room and ran off into the jungle. The hill town of Nainital in Uttrakhand state, where the hotel is located, is no stranger to late-night visitors from the forest. The incident comes weeks after a Himalayan black bear broke the window pane of a hotel room in the same region.

ذكرت وسائل إعلام محلية أن نمرا اقتحم غرفة فندق في شمال الهند خلال عطلة نهاية الأسبوع مما تسبب في صدمة شديدة لركابها.

الفهد يفاجئ زوجين هنديين لقضاء العطلات

Philippine Degerin-Ricard was struck by a lorry on Cycle Superhighway 2 outside Aldgate East station in east London, at 18:30 BST on Friday. It was the first fatal crash since the "Boris bike" scheme began in 2010. A post-mortem examination earlier found she died of multiple injuries. An inquest will open and adjourn on Wednesday at Poplar Coroners Court.

تبين أن أول شخص قُتل وهو يقود دراجة مستأجرة في لندن كانت امرأة فرنسية تبلغ من العمر 20 عامًا.

أول ضحية لحادث دراجة مستأجرة في لندن كانت امرأة فرنسية

Those who have applied for tickets will be notified whether they have been successful or not via email by midday on Friday 7 May. Acts such as Cheryl Cole, JLS and Rihanna have lined-up to play this year's 40,000 capacity event held at Faenol Park on 22 and 23 of May. Organisers have reminded those who don't have a ticket not to turn up on the day, and that tickets are not on sale through any outlets.

تم الآن إغلاق طلبات الحصول على تذاكر مجانية لـ Radio 1 Big Weekend لهذا العام في بانجور، شمال ويلز.

إغلاق التسجيل لعطلة نهاية الأسبوع الكبيرة

Crews wearing breathing apparatus rescued the child from an upstairs bedroom in the property in Oldstead Avenue, Hull, just after 11:00 BST. Humberside Fire and Rescue Service said the girl's mother, who had escaped from the house before fire engines arrived, was also taken to hospital. The pair are suffering from the effects of smoke inhalation. A fire service spokesman said their medical condition was "unknown". Follow BBC East Yorkshire and Lincolnshire on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. Send your story ideas to [email protected].

نُقلت طفلة تبلغ من العمر أربع سنوات إلى المستشفى بعد أن أنقذها رجال الإطفاء من منزل محترق.

رجال الإطفاء ينقذون فتاة تبلغ من العمر أربع سنوات من حريق منزل في هال

By Ritu PrasadBBC News As director Bong Joon Ho accepted the first-ever best foreign language picture Golden Globe for a South Korean film, he said: "Once you overcome the one-inch tall barrier of subtitles, you will be introduced to so many more amazing films." Fast forward a month, and he was making history again, accepting the best picture award once more at the Oscars. Parasite's Oscar win introduced it to a broad US audience - but not everyone was in favour of watching the award winner in its original language. Dubbing takes the stress out of enjoying a foreign film, some argued, and performances are meant to be heard, not read. The angered response from subtitle fans ranged from accusations of racism to pointing out the needs of deaf viewers. How you watch a foreign film is a clearly personal matter, tangled in pet peeves and accessibility. But as foreign flicks are gaining more screen time before American audiences, here's a deeper dive into how we got here, and where the industry is headed. In the early days of film, on-screen text was far from a "one-inch barrier" - it was the only way to express dialogue. Title cards were the precursor to subtitles, and they, too, were controversial in a way that mirrors the modern debate. Stage actors would try to hide their work in silent film as many felt the lack of sound diminished the quality of the performance, Professor Marsha McKeever of the undergraduate Film and Television department at New York University's Tisch School of the Arts, told the BBC. But when conversations took place through cards instead of sound, adapting films to other languages was straightforward. As "movies" turned into "talkies", subtitling emerged as a way to hold onto a lucrative foreign market. It has since become the preferred way for film critics and connoisseurs to view foreign language features. NYU faculty, for example, would be unlikely to show a dub in class, the university's graduate film department said. For Prof McKeever, who is also a sound and picture editor, much of enjoying a movie boils down to what you hear. "We react so emotionally to sound. That's why films are scored, that's why dialogue is important." If a dub has sub-par voice acting or doesn't properly sync with what you see on screen, it can negatively affect your perception, Prof McKeever says. With subtitles, the audience both sees the original performance and hears the original emotion. "Your brain is so used to hearing emotion in language that it will get the meaning behind the subtitle through the performance by the actor in the original language. You hear if they're sad, if they're happy." Regardless of what film purists say, however, dubbing is on the rise. For that, you can blame Netflix. In October, Netflix reported it had more subscribers outside the US - nearly 100 million - than domestically, where just over 60 million pay for the service. The streaming giant is driving the dubbing business by producing content around the world and localising it for a number of markets, says Jeff Howell, a vocal coach and director who works with Netflix. To "localise" a production, the original studio hires professionals to analyse scenes and translate them to a new language. Mr Howell has worked both as a vocal director and an "adapter" who works on casting and direction. "We spend quite a bit of time casting, sometimes we have to read-to-picture to make sure the voice sounds like it's coming out of that mouth," he says. Dubbing has a bad reputation because, for years, it was badly done, he says - there was a lack of attention to detail to the voice acting and post-production processes. But today, professionals are focusing on ways to make it better, carefully interpreting scripts and taking into consideration things like "lip flap" - when the mouth movement and dubbed-over voice do not sync up. Dubbing defenders say that modern viewing habits make it superior to subtitles. Mr Howell argues that dubbing is better for audiences as they increasingly view films and series on small, portable screens. "You can't read subtitles on a phone or iPad, really," he says. And dubbing is easier on the brain. Getting information from a caption requires eye movements across a screen, cognitive input to interpret the words while also paying attention to the action on the screen. An educated US adult can do all three fluently, says Prof Charles Perfetti, a cognitive science professor at the University of Pittsburgh, but a less skilled reader will find it taxing. For viewers with visual impairments, those cannot read or have conditions like dyslexia, dubbing is the only way they can enjoy media in non-native languages. Outside the English-speaking world, dubbing has been less controversial. Much of Europe opts for dubbing in lieu of subtitles, though the latter is cheaper. Germany, Italy and France have dubbed foreign films since the 1930s - even as early critics blasted the process as "witchcraft" and an "amputation" of the original. China has also dubbed films into Standard Mandarin. Netflix's dubbing efforts seem to be converting some Americans to the cause. Most US viewers preferred the dubbed versions of its most popular foreign shows, the streaming service told the New York Times. As a dubbing director in this new streaming-heavy world, Mr Howell emphasises that he works to respect the original content - "to protect it", not change it- though he admits some alterations are unavoidable. "There are cultural nuances in language that we can't possibly recreate," he says. "We can have the greatest adaptation and it could line up almost perfectly but there are going to be subtle differences that don't translate. "It's not 100% but I'd say we get as close as we possibly can, directing it in such a way that we're protecting the creative integrity of the culture that created the material." And to be fair, alterations happen with subtitles too - language can be simplified to allow for quick reading in time with the action on screen. Debates aside, outside of the streaming realm, foreign-language films still struggle to reach US markets. As of 2020, only 12 have ever been released in more than 1,000 American theatres, according to data viewed by Quartz. Before Parasite, the last was Jet Li's Fearless in 2006. When it debuted in October, the 2020 Best Picture Oscar winner was screened in only three theatres. Yet, as its awards success has shown, a good film will captivate audiences no matter in what language. Subtitled films have rarely grossed over $100m (£77m), but Parasite has already surpassed $200m worldwide. The biggest foreign language film to find success in the US to date is the Chinese drama Crouching Tiger Hidden Dragon, which grossed $128m in 2000 and won the Oscar and Golden Globe awards for best foreign language film. "What it speaks to more than anything is we're looking at filmmaking as the craft, not being bogged down in where it's made and who is saying what in what language," says Prof McKeever. "Is it a good story, is it done well, are we there emotionally with the actors? "Regardless of language, that's the heart of moviemaking."

حقق فيلم الكوميديا السوداء الكوري الجنوبي Parasite اكتساحًا تاريخيًا في موسم الجوائز - وفي هذه العملية، أعاد إشعال الجدل حول ما إذا كانت الترجمة أو الدبلجة هي أفضل طريقة لمشاهدة فيلم ليس بلغتك الأم.

الدبلومات أو الغواصات؟ "طفيلي" يجدد الجدل حول كيفية مشاهدة الأفلام الأجنبية

By Kirstie BrewerBBC Stories Every day Alex reads the case files of people who have fled armed conflict. People who have been persecuted because of their politics, race, religion or sexuality. People who have experienced torture and sexual violence. It's his job to decide whether these people, all asylum seekers, should be allowed to stay in the UK or be deported. And yet, when he walks into work, he is greeted by a scene that wouldn't look out of place at a call centre selling double glazing. A leader board hangs on the wall displaying who is hitting their targets and who isn't, and performance managers pace the floor asking for updates on progress as often as once an hour. Staff who don't meet their targets risk losing their jobs. "There is an obsession among management with unachievable 'stats' - human beings with complex lives are reduced just to numbers," says Alex who has been a decision-maker for the Home Office for almost a year. "These are people waiting for a decision to be made on their lives - it is probably one of the biggest things they will ever have to go through. "Given what we are dealing with, this is not the environment for pushy managers who try to drive results through fear and intimidation." Alex is one of 140 decision-makers based in an office in Bootle, just outside Liverpool. Most were recruited last year to clear a backlog of 10,000 of asylum cases within 12 months - a project known as Next Generation Casework. How are decisions made? Source: Asylum Aid The focus is on cases classified by the Home Office as "non-straightforward", including pregnant women, people who claim to have been tortured and those with mental health conditions. But no matter how complex the case, Alex is expected to make five decisions to grant or refuse asylum seekers a week, justified by a letter that can be anything between 5,000 and 17,000 words long (that is, between two or seven times the length of this article). Anyone consistently hitting three or less is put on an "improvement plan" - and will be sacked if they don't improve in four weeks, Alex says. "People will often take decisions based on what the easiest result will be to get through the decision as quickly as possible," says Alex. Sometimes the easiest decision will be to grant asylum, sometimes it will be to refuse it. "In that sense, asylum seekers face a lottery," he says. The Home Office told the BBC it didn't recognise the picture painted by Alex and insisted that staff had an "appropriate" workload. I went to Liverpool to meet Alex and to see his Home Office ID. While there, I also spoke to officials from the Public and Commercial Services Union, who confirmed several aspects of his story. Who can claim asylum? Under the 1951 Geneva Convention, asylum seekers must show that: Asked what he means by saying that decision-makers sometimes take the "easiest" route to a decision, rather than the fairest, Alex asks me to imagine that an applicant has given several reasons why he or she needs asylum. In this case, a decision-maker may home in on just one of the reasons, Alex says, rather than considering whether the whole story adds up. In this case the application is likely to be approved, when perhaps it shouldn't be. But equally, if someone's application contains inconsistencies - regarding dates for example - this can be used as an easy way to refuse an application. "In reality, some inconsistencies might be down to the person having a mental health problem, or just simply that it has been such a long time between making the claim and having an interview that they've forgotten precise dates of things," says Alex. There is nothing stopping decision-makers from doing their own research - for example, putting in a call to a UK church where someone claiming asylum on grounds of religious persecution claims to have been worshipping. "But there are no extra points for going the extra mile - in fact, it only hurts your targets because it takes up time. So people normally just go on the information they've been given," says Alex. Some of this information comes from two interviews - an initial interview when the asylum seeker first arrives in the country, and a second in-depth interview, conducted by decision-makers like Alex. These interviews are supposed to last two-and-a-half hours and staff are criticised if they take any longer, says Alex. "That target is in people's minds constantly and it's wrong, because how do you fit into two-and-a-half hours someone's story of how they've upped sticks and left the place they were born, the place their family is?" The pressure to get things done quickly means interviews may be rushed, especially if a decision-maker has two to do on the same day. "We are reluctant to offer breaks, we might be abrupt with asylum seekers, rather than empathetic because we simply need to power through the interview as quickly as possible," Alex says. Until the beginning of this year, Bootle staff would interview asylum seekers face-to-face at the Capital building in central Liverpool. But now they increasingly do the interviews over Skype. The asylum seeker will beam in from one location, the interpreter, if needed, from another - and Alex from a small booth in Bootle. It means they've been able to interview asylum seekers living in Leicester, Sheffield, London and Glasgow. But the video link often glitches and cuts out throughout interviews. The charity Asylum Aid, which gives legal support to asylum seekers, says it has heard of connections being so bad that it's difficult to make out what is being said. "In a matter of life and death, which is what an asylum interview is, that is unacceptable," says spokesman Ciaran Price. "Anyone who has ever done a video conference knows it is not as easy to put a point across. The Home Office regularly take into account body language, it will be very difficult to make a judgement about how traumatised someone is when you're relying on a grainy video that keeps freezing." Alex says it isn't uncommon for people to break down into tears and in that situation, it is good to be in the same room. "I can be sympathetic and encourage them to have a break. I can get them some water and sit quietly with them while they recompose themselves," he says. Some days it feels too cruel to do otherwise, even if it means forfeiting a target. Alex will often go home after a tough day and break down into tears himself. Asylum by numbers Sometimes it's not possible for one decision-maker to follow a case all the way through, and in such cases Alex has to rely on notes taken by another interviewer. Reading the case files it becomes clear when the interview has been rushed, as key details will be missing. For example, it's possible to check whether applicants come from the country they claim to come from by asking the right questions - questions about key landmarks in their town, perhaps, the name of the local public transport network or the country's last-but-one leader. But sometimes interviewers have failed to do this. "If someone is undocumented, how can you assume their nationality without asking questions?" asks Alex. "The files are often missing key details and they've forgotten to ask key questions, which makes it very difficult for me to a make a decision." Again, this can be because the interviewer is rushing. It's rare to have time to read through the applicant's file before going into the interview, Alex says, or to carry out research into the applicant's home country. When Asylum Aid represented a gay client from Vietnam recently, the Home Office caseworker referred to a Lonely Planet guide to establish whether or not it would be safe for him to return home. Based on the guide's description of Ho Chi Minh city, the caseworker suggested it would be safe for him to go back. "The target audience for Lonely Planet isn't a Home Office decision-maker. It's a holiday-maker, probably Western, with cash to spend. Unsurprisingly, it doesn't offer holiday-makers the level of detail about the human rights situation that is needed in deciding a person's fate," says spokesman Ciaran Price. "This is a ridiculous source of objective evidence to use in a decision letter, and is a strong example of Home Office staff relying on information that's quickly available and easy to find - not what is suitable in an individual's case." Many of the decision-makers in the Bootle centre are young graduates, with no previous experience of this kind of work and only two weeks of training before they start doing interviews, Alex says. Everyone else in the office is a temporary worker, employed via a High Street recruitment agency. This includes the performance managers driving the decision-makers to work faster. "They typically come from sales backgrounds and have never done any work involving asylum seekers or immigration themselves. They have no understanding of the process or how important it is to do things sensitively and properly," Alex says. He says there are no quotas for the number of applications that must be rejected, the only target is speed - everyone is made acutely aware that the national backlog of cases in progress is in the tens of thousands and that the Home Office is under fire for long delays. But speed affects quality, he says, and the decisions are sometimes overturned on appeal. According to the Law Society, almost 50% of UK immigration and asylum appeals are upheld - evidence of "serious flaws in the way visa and asylum applications are being dealt with". Asked to comment on Alex's allegations a Home Office spokeswoman said: "We do not recognise these claims made by an anonymous source. We have a dedicated and hardworking team who are committed to providing a high level of service with often complex asylum claims. Their individual workload is appropriate and dependent on their level of experience and seniority." She added that caseworkers received a proper level of training, and further mentoring if they struggled "to progress cases in line with expected standards". There were also internal audit procedures, she said, to ensure that decision-makers do not simply make what they deem to be the quickest decision. Across the UK, she said, most interviews with asylum applicants took place face-to-face, though video-interviewing trials would continue. The spokeswoman said that appeals could be upheld for a number of reasons, including the presentation of new material not available at the time of the initial decision. Despite the Bootle centre's emphasis on speed, it has failed to clear the backlog as fast as had been hoped. There used to be a big poster on the wall of a winding road with a plastic toy car attached, which was moved to indicate progress towards the 10,000 target. It was taken down some months ago, when it became clear that this would be impossible. Towards the end of March, coming up to the centre's one-year anniversary, it was announced that 5,000 cases had been completed. (The person who made the 5,000th decision was rewarded with vouchers and some chocolate.) Problems with staff retention were one factor that prevented the car moving faster. More than a quarter of Home Office staff who take decisions on asylum cases quit over a six-month period, according to a report by David Bolt, the chief inspector of borders and immigration. Alex is looking for another job, and so are lots of his colleagues. "I struggle with my job from a moral perspective," he says. "The thing that gets me the most is, if someone is telling the truth but I make the wrong decision and send them back, I'm signing their death warrant." Illustrations by Tom Humberstone Follow Kirstie Brewer on Twitter @kirstiejbrewer You might also like: They often fled their homelands to escape sexual abuse - but for many asylum seekers, it continues in the UK. Fear of deportation typically means they don't tell police, but one effect of the Harvey Weinstein revelations is that they have now begun to talk about their experiences among themselves. Secret world: The women who cannot report sexual abuse Join the conversation - find us on Facebook, Instagram, YouTube and Twitter.

نفت وزارة الداخلية اتخاذ قرارات "تعسفية" بشأن قضايا اللجوء من أجل تحقيق أهداف الترحيل، لكن أحد العاملين في قضايا اللجوء يقول إن الموظفين يجب أن يعملوا بسرعة كبيرة بحيث تكون النتائج بمثابة "يانصيب" - وهو ما قد يؤدي إلى إعادة الأشخاص إلى أوطانهم وفاتهم. لقد اتصل بهيئة الإذاعة البريطانية لأنه يريد أن يعرف الجمهور كيف يعمل النظام. وبما أنه سيفقد وظيفته إذا تم التعرف عليه، فقد أطلقنا عليه اسم "أليكس".

صانع قرار اللجوء: "إنه يانصيب"

Perth-based transport group Stagecoach bought out its competitor Preston Bus Ltd in January 2009. In November 2009, the commission concluded the sale reduced competition and was not in passengers' interests. Stagecoach was instructed to sell Preston Bus "to a company capable of competing with it". Birmingham-based Rotala plc paid £3.2m for the company. At the time a Stagecoach spokesman described the decision as "a perverse and irrational contradiction of competition law and common sense."

باعت شركة النقل Stagecoach منافستها في "حرب الحافلات" بعد أن أمرتها لجنة المنافسة بذلك.

تبيع Stagecoach شركة Preston Bus Ltd "المنافسة" مقابل 3.2 مليون جنيه إسترليني

Islanders on Islay reported that windows and doors were rattled during the tremor at about 05:35. However, no structural damage was reported and no-one was thought to have been injured . The last UK earthquake recorded as "significant" by the British Geological Survey struck Lincolnshire in 2008. It had a magnitude of 5.2. Another small tremor, of magnitude 1.9, was reported on Islay on 5 February.

تعرض سكان جزيرة اسكتلندية لزلزال صغير بقوة 2.6 درجة خلال الساعات الأولى من الصباح.

Islay يهز في زلزال طفيف

She had tweeted: "Life expectancy in Scotland based 07/08 birth is 59.5. Goodness me. That lot will do anything to avoid working until retirement." Thousands of people signed a petition calling for her to be banned from TV, and protest Facebook pages were set up. Ms Hopkins apologised and said it had been "bad timing". In a later tweet, she said her comments had referred to a government article on health. The Clutha pub had been packed with more than 100 people when a police helicopter crashed into it at 22:25 on Friday, killing nine people.

اعتذرت كاتي هوبكنز، نجمة برنامج The Apprentice وكاتبة العمود في صحيفة Sun، بعد إلقاء نكتة عن الأسكتلنديين بعد ساعات فقط من تحطم مروحية جلاسكو.

هوبكنز يعتذر عن نكتة اسكتلندية "في توقيت سيء".

I think the Duke of Edinburgh would have been pleasantly surprised by the reaction to his death. He was very much somebody who didn't really think about himself very much. In fact, he made it a policy not to talk about himself, and he was quite dismissive of how he was seen, and I don't think he gave it much thought. I think he couldn't have failed to be touched by it, particularly by the extraordinary international response. It's been striking that leaders from across the world have responded in the way they have. In a sense it's a reward for the fact that he travelled to more countries than any other member of the Royal Family ever. Although he didn't take compliments well and he was always wanting no fuss, saying let's keep this low key, he would have been gratified. The public reaction to the Duke's death reflects a couple of things. One is the people's affection for the Queen. In a sense what has struck people is the sudden realisation that the Queen is alone. She met Prince Philip in the 1930s, they fell in love in the 1940s, and were married in 1947, which is longer than most people have been alive, and now she is alone. So it's partly a sense of affection for the Queen and her loss. But this is also someone who has lived 100 years - he has been there all our lives, so people can pause and reflect on a whole century that has gone by. This is the phenomenon of someone who has always been there, and people have stopped to think that he always did what he was asked to do. He was asked to support the Queen and he did, and he turned up in the right uniform on the right day at the right time without fail, for more than 70 years. It reflects the success of the Duke of Edinburgh's Awards Scheme too. My grandson, when he heard the news yesterday, happened to be working for a charity in order to get his Duke of Edinburgh's Gold award. So the Duke of Edinburgh meant something to him, even though he's only 16. And the award scheme means that children and young people understand what he was about even though they could only see him as a very old man. I think it's surprised people seeing all the tributes, because he's been retired for three years. But people have also seen the news footage, and discovered a) how dynamic he was b) how good-looking and c) how active he was in so many areas over so many years, and that will have surprised many younger people. Another trait that has come to light is his wicked sense of humour. Some of his jokes would probably now seem politically incorrect, but of course it was the humour of somebody of his generation. My favourite joke of his - and I heard him say this - was: Whenever you see a man opening a car door for his wife, it's either a new car or a new wife. He could also be quite disconcerting to be with. I remember being at the last fundraising event I did with him at Buckingham Palace nearly 10 years ago when he was already in his 90s. I was speaking and he kept interrupting me, saying this is boring, heard that story before. But he did like to make people laugh and he succeeded on the whole. He knew he ran risks, that if he told too many jokes, once in a while one was bound to go wrong. But he was himself, and he'd say - there's not a lot I can do about it. A public man, but not a public occasion As regards the funeral, in normal times we would have expected something a lot more elaborate. But he was really not looking forward to the fuss there would have been on his 100th birthday. So the pandemic has in a way come to his rescue, and it will be a much quieter, small-scale affair. It'll be more poignant, though, because it will remind us that although he was a public man it won't be a public occasion. There would have been 800 people there, representing many of the charities with which he was involved. But that won't happen now - there will be 30 people, principally members of his family. He said to me more than once: "We are a family." That's what it is, it's just a group of people when all's said and done, so it will very poignant, of course, to see the Queen alone and to see her children and grandchildren mourning the loss of a father and grandfather. In a way it makes it more powerful, as something people can relate to because it's a family gathering just like any other. There's a realisation that if we regard the Queen's reign as a success, and most people do, he is the joint author of it. People were interested in what Barack Obama was saying about the value of the monarchy - in a world where presidents and prime ministers come and go, to have had this couple there for all our lives is a phenomenon, and it's unsettling when it changes.

يتحدث الكاتب والمذيع جايلز براندريث عن رد فعل الجمهور على وفاة دوق إدنبره، وكيف ستكون الجنازة البسيطة في نهاية الأسبوع المقبل لحظة مؤثرة في حياة العائلة المالكة والأمة.

جايلز براندريث: "كان من الممكن أن يتأثر الأمير فيليب برد الفعل العام"

Chris CookPolicy editor, Newsnight@xtophercookon Twitter On Monday, when she first suggested an inquiry, Ms Leadsom said: "the House Commission next meets on Monday 19 March and I have given notice to my fellow members that I will be recommending a short, independently led inquiry by the House Commission looking into allegations of systemic bullying of parliamentary staff." She continued: "I will propose that the inquiry should hear from past and current staff members about their experiences and help to provide them with closure wherever possible." Her wording was a little vague. It is also the case that the House of Commons Commission, the panel that runs the House, would decide on the terms. But she said she wanted an inquiry would take up the issues raised by our report and offer closure to victims. Some clerks took this as a hint that individual bullying and harassment cases would be therefore be opened - or reopened. Yesterday, though, Ms Leadsom made clear that would not happen. Speaking in Parliament, she said: "I can give him a specific reassurance: the inquiry into the bullying of House staff that I will propose to the House of Commons Commission on Monday 19 March will not be carrying out investigations into individual cases." She added: "That is exactly why I expect it to attract the Commission's full support." In short, she did not think that a full inquiry would get the support of the Commission. It may be this or nothing. Drawing conclusions But this leaves her in a curious position. She explicitly says: "There are existing avenues open to anyone wishing to raise specific grievances, and individuals coming forward will be advised to use those where they apply, but the inquiry will look at whether they are functioning properly." But as Woman D, a former clerk who was a witness to bullying by MPs, said: "How on earth can you make a new policy - or improve an existing one - without examining how it has affected individuals in the past. How can you possibly learn lessons without investigating failings?" Hannah White, a former clerk now at the Institute for Government, said: "Andrea Leadsom's proposed inquiry will be seen as a whitewash if it does not examine how effective the Respect Policy [the existing bullying and harassment policy] has been to date in dealing with individual cases". Ms White is an incoming member of the board of the Chamber and Committees Team, the part of the House that employs clerks in MP-facing roles. The fudge It may be that the inquiry will take on real examples, but then not publish conclusions about the cases. Parliament could end up in the odd situation of spending public money collating information about elected politicians bullying public employees, spending more money analysing those cases - and then not acting directly against individuals that they believe have behaved poorly. It would be a curious response to the cases Lucinda Day and I published last week - on TV and online - as well. We named three MPs as being the subject of serious bullying allegations - John Bercow, Paul Farrelly and Mark Pritchard. All deny it. An independent inquiry could clear their names against what Mr Farrelly said was our "very one-sided, selective" reporting. The Leadsom proposal, however, could have one unpleasant side-effect. It could mean that MPs benefit from a "let bygones be bygones" policy. If the inquiry does not allow review of old cases, it is not clear whether anything more will happen. Ms Leadsom wants clerks to be covered by a new HR policy, which is soon to be rolled out. But it is unlikely that it will be possible to use it to bring forward cases that have happened under old anti-bullying and harassment regimes. That was a feature of the inquiry into Mr Farrelly from 2012 after a complaint was raised against him: his case was brought when an HR policy was 8 months old - and that meant only 8 months of evidence could be admitted. As a consequence, the House discarded evidence from two women stretching back eight years. Mr Farrelly denies any bullying. The clerks Woman D said: "I'd like to know what reasons are being used to justify this stance, because from where I am sitting it looks like a deliberate attempt to silence people who have made complaints against Members in the past that have not been satisfactorily dealt with, through a policy that all parties finally acknowledge was not fit for purpose." Woman Q, a serving clerk who has made complaints about bullying by a member, said: "Until members are prepared to come to terms with what has happened in the past, they will not be able to design a system fit for the future." "As a victim of this behaviour, I have absolutely no confidence that the member who bullied me will ever be properly sanctioned. He... will be able to do it again because neither his party nor the House authorities have the courage to tackle him." Ms Leadsom is sympathetic to these concerns. There may be ways of fixing this: perhaps a parallel or subsequent process. Perhaps this inquiry could publish enough narrative details of cases that the political parties could act against sitting MPs. But any process that wins the confidence of the clerks will need to make sure that MPs who have harassed or bullied staff in the past can face the consequences.

الإصلاح موجود. التبييض قادم. هذه هي وجهة نظر موظفي مجلس العموم، بعد أسبوع من كشف برنامج نيوزنايت لمشكلة التنمر والمضايقات من قبل النواب. اقترحت أندريا ليدسوم، زعيمة مجلس العموم، إجراء تحقيق في ما وجدناه. لكننا نعلم الآن أنه من المحتمل أن يكون جزئيًا.

التحقيق في التنمر الذي أجرته أندريا ليدسوم يفقد دعم الموظفين

One month after his disappearance, his whereabouts remain unknown. The OMCT says that police has so far failed to make any inquiry findings public and is concerned with the reluctance of the Homagama police to record a complaint regarding the disappearance. President Rajapaksa has been urged to conduct investigations into the disappearance of Eknaligoda, in accordance with international human rights standards. OMCT also has drawn attention to Eknaligoda’s health condition since he has a serious diabetic condition and needs to have two daily insulin injection as well as specific medication following an open heart bypass surgery. Speaking to BBC Sandeshaya Police spokesman Prishantha Jayakody said that two police teams are investigating in to the disappearance and details have been made available to courts.

حثت المنظمة العالمية لمناهضة التعذيب (OMCT) الرئيس ماهيندا راجاباكشا على إجراء تحقيق سريع وفعال في اختفاء الصحفي. براغيث إكناليغودا.

دعوة لإجراء تحقيق فعال في اختفاء إكناليغودا

11:25 BST: Members of the Royal Family will arrive at St George's Chapel. The congregation stand as the royals are taken to their seats 11:40: Prince Harry and Prince William arrive at the west door of St George's Chapel 11:45: Ms Markle's mother Doria Ragland arrives at the chapel 11:52: The Queen arrives at the chapel At the entrance of the bride, all stand. A fanfare will sound at the bride's arrival. Introit Eternal source of light divine, With double warmth thy beams display, And with distinguished glory shine, To add a lustre to this day. Congregation remain standing. Dean of Windsor greets congregation The Grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, the love of God and the fellowship of the Holy Spirit be with you: and also with you. God is love, and those who live in love live in God and God lives in them. 1 John 4.16 All sit. The Dean of Windsor reads: In the presence of God, Father, Son and Holy Spirit, we have come together to witness the marriage of Henry Charles Albert David and Rachel Meghan, to pray for God's blessing on them, to share their joy and to celebrate their love. Marriage is a gift of God in creation through which husband and wife may know the grace of God. It is given that as man and woman grow together in love and trust, they shall be united with one another in heart, body and mind, as Christ is united with his bride, the Church. The gift of marriage brings husband and wife together in the delight and tenderness of sexual union and joyful commitment to the end of their lives. It is given as the foundation of family life in which children are born and nurtured and in which each member of the family, in good times and in bad, may find strength, companionship and comfort, and grow to maturity in love. Marriage is a way of life made holy by God, and blessed by the presence of our Lord Jesus Christ with those celebrating a wedding at Cana in Galilee. Marriage is a sign of unity and loyalty which all should uphold and honour. It enriches society and strengthens community. No one should enter into it lightly or selfishly but reverently and responsibly in the sight of almighty God. Harry and Meghan are now to enter this way of life. They will each give their consent to the other and make solemn vows, and in token of this they will each give and receive a ring. We pray with them that the Holy Spirit will guide and strengthen them, that they may fulfil God's purposes for the whole of their earthly life together. All stand. Hymn Lord of All Hopefulness All remain standing as the Archbishop leads: The declarations First, I am required to ask anyone present who knows a reason why these persons may not lawfully marry, to declare it now. The Archbishop says to the Couple: The vows you are about to take are to be made in the presence of God, who is judge of all and knows all the secrets of our hearts; therefore if either of you knows a reason why you may not lawfully marry, you must declare it now. The Archbishop says to the bridegroom: Harry, will you take Meghan to be your wife? Will you love her, comfort her, honour and protect her, and, forsaking all others, be faithful to her as long as you both shall live? He answers: I will. The Archbishop says to the bride: Meghan, will you take Harry to be your husband? Will you love him, comfort him, honour and protect him, and, forsaking all others, be faithful to him as long as you both shall live? She answers: I will. The Archbishop says to the congregation: Will you, the families and friends of Harry and Meghan, support and uphold them in their marriage now and in the years to come? All answer: We will. The Archbishop invites the people to pray, silence is kept and he says: The collect God our Father, from the beginning you have blessed creation with abundant life. Pour out your blessings upon Harry and Meghan, that they may be joined in mutual love and companionship, in holiness and commitment to each other. We ask this through our Lord Jesus Christ your Son, who is alive and reigns with you, in the unity of the Holy Spirit, one God, now and for ever. Amen. All sit. Reading From the Song of Solomon: read by The Lady Jane Fellowes from the Nave My beloved speaks and says to me: "Arise, my love, my fair one, and come away; for now the winter is past, the rain is over and gone. The flowers appear on the earth; the time of singing has come, and the voice of the turtle-dove is heard in our land. The fig tree puts forth its figs, and the vines are in blossom; they give forth fragrance. Arise, my love, my fair one, and come away." Set me as a seal upon your heart, as a seal upon your arm; for love is strong as death, passion fierce as the grave. Its flashes are flashes of fire, a raging flame. Many waters cannot quench love, neither can floods drown it. If one offered for love all the wealth of one's house, it would be utterly scorned. All remain seated while the Choir of St George's Chapel sing the Motet. All remain seated The address by The Most Reverend Michael Curry All remain seated. Karen Gibson and The Kingdom Choir will sing 'Stand By Me' from the West End of The Chapel. The vows Harry and Meghan, I now invite you to join hands and make your vows, in the presence of God and his people. The bride and bridegroom face each other and join hands. The bridegroom says: I Harry, take you, Meghan, to be my wife, to have and to hold from, this day forward; for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health, to love and to cherish, till death us do part; according to God's holy law. In the presence of God I make this vow. The Bride says: I Meghan, take you, Harry, to be my husband, to have and to hold, from this day forward; for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health, to love and to cherish, till death us do part; according to God's holy law. In the presence of God I make this vow. They loose hands. The giving of the rings Heavenly Father, by your blessing let these rings be to Harry and Meghan a symbol of unending love and faithfulness, to remind them of the vow and covenant which they have made this day, through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. The bridegroom places the ring on the fourth finger of the bride's left hand and, holding it there, says: Meghan, I give you this ring as a sign of our marriage. With my body I honour you, all that I am I give to you, and all that I have I share with you, within the love of God, Father, Son and Holy Spirit. They loose hands and the bride places a ring on the fourth finger of the bridegroom's left hand and, holding it there, says: Harry, I give you this ring as a sign of our marriage. With my body I honour you, all that I am I give to you, and all that I have I share with you, within the love of God, Father, Son and Holy Spirit. All remain seated. The proclamation The Archbishop addresses the people: In the presence of God, and before this congregation, Harry and Meghan have given their consent and made their marriage vows to each other. They have declared their marriage by the joining of hands and by the giving and receiving of rings. I therefore proclaim that they are husband and wife. The Archbishop joins their right hands together and says: Those whom God has joined together let no-one put asunder. All remain seated while the Choir of St George's Chapel sing: The anthem All remain seated. The blessing of the marriage The Archbishop says Blessed are you, O Lord our God, for you have created joy and gladness, pleasure and delight, love, peace and fellowship. Pour out the abundance of your blessing upon Harry and Meghan in their new life together. Let their love for each other be a seal upon their hearts and a crown upon their heads. Bless them in their work and in their companionship; awake and asleep, in joy and in sorrow, in life and in death. Finally, in your mercy, bring them to that banquet where your saints feast for ever in your heavenly home. We ask this through Jesus Christ your Son, our Lord, who lives and reigns with you and the Holy Spirit, one God, now and for ever. Amen. God the Father, God the Son, God the Holy Spirit, bless, preserve and keep you; the Lord mercifully grant you the riches of his grace, that you may please him both in body and soul, and, living together in faith and love, may receive the blessings of eternal life. Amen. All sit or kneel. The prayers - led by Archbishop Angaelos and The Reverend Prebendary Rose Hudson-Wilkin from the Nave. Faithful God, holy and eternal, source of life and spring of love, we thank and praise you for bringing Harry and Meghan to this day, and we pray for them. Lord of life and love: hear our prayer. May their marriage be life-giving and life-long, enriched by your presence and strengthened by your grace; may they bring comfort and confidence to each other in faithfulness and trust. Lord of life and love: hear our prayer. May the hospitality of their home bring refreshment and joy to all around them; may their love overflow to neighbours in need and embrace those in distress. Lord of life and love: hear our prayer. May they discern in your word order and purpose for their lives; and may the power of your Holy Spirit lead them in truth and defend them in adversity. Lord of life and love: hear our prayer. May they nurture their family with devotion, see their children grow in body, mind and spirit and come at last to the end of their lives with hearts content and in joyful anticipation of heaven. Lord of life and love: hear our prayer. Let us pray with confidence as our Saviour has taught us Our Father in heaven, hallowed be your name; your kingdom come, your will be done; on earth as in heaven. Give us today our daily bread. Forgive us our sins as we forgive those who sin against us. Lead us not into temptation but deliver us from evil. For the kingdom, the power, and the glory are yours, now and for ever. Amen. All stand. Hymn Guide Me, O Thou Great Redeemer All remain standing as the Dean of Windsor says: The blessing God the Holy Trinity make you strong in faith and love, defend you on every side, and guide you in truth and peace; and the blessing of God almighty, the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit, be among you and remain with you always. Amen. All remain standing. The organ plays as those who are signing the registers move from the Quire to the North Quire Aisle. All sit at the conclusion of the organ music. During the Signing of the Register music is played by Mr Sheku Kanneh-Mason and the Orchestra. All stand as the Bride and Bridegroom return to the Quire. National Anthem The procession of the bride and bridegroom All remain standing during the Procession of the Bride and Bridegroom, until members of their families have left the chapel. The music played will be Symphony no.1 in B-flat by William Boyce and This Little Light of Mine by Etta James. All remain standing as the Ecclesiastical Procession leaves by way of the Organ Screen and the North Quire Aisle. Thereafter please leave the Chapel as directed by the Lay Stewards. Those in the Quire should leave by way of the South Door in order to stand on Chapter Grass to view the Carriage procession on Chapel Hill. Download the official order of service

ترتيب الخدمة لحفل زفاف الأمير هنري أمير ويلز والسيدة ميغان ماركل.

الزفاف الملكي 2018: طلب الخدمة

By Paradise Papers reporting team BBC Panorama The gangsters, and in some cases family members, bought luxurious property in prime London locations, including a £12.5m flat. The daughter of a man dubbed the "Don of Odessa" is the registered owner of three homes in one expensive block. Many of the revelations come from the Paradise Papers data breach. The gang were from the Black Sea port of Odessa and made money in the oil industry. They came on to the police's radar in the late 1990s when they were suspected of drugs and arms smuggling. In the chaos following the collapse of the Soviet Union the gang branched out into Europe, using Italy as a base. But police were on to them. For four years specialist anti-mafia officers tracked their movements across the continent. They tapped their phones and what the men discussed was chilling, police said. "They described murders that were particularly cruel. 'I kept hitting his head until it broke... I killed him with many blows,'" recalls Italian state police Deputy Commissioner Nunzia Savino. "They were extremely violent." The gang was organised along strict mafia lines with each member assigned a role. Among them were: Despite evidence from the phone taps, most of the gang members were never charged because their crimes were not committed in Italy. Eventually, the anti-mafia investigation was wound up. Mr Trukhanov returned to Odessa to begin his political career, Mr Angert settled in London while Mr Fomichev is believed to have moved to Belgium. Offshore shell companies Like many other investors looking for a solid return on their capital, the gangsters saw a promising opportunity for their cash in the London property market. The men kept their names off public records by using offshore companies registered in the British Virgin Islands (BVI), where it was possible to be an anonymous owner. Mr Angert controlled a company called East Corner Properties set up in the BVI. It bought an apartment in an expensive Victorian block in Kensington where the poet TS Eliot once lived. Riverside apartments In 2001 another offshore firm, Matelot Real Estate Incorporated, paid just over £1m for a flat in a shiny new tower block on the River Thames across from Chelsea Harbour, which it sold in 2006. We don't know who was originally behind it because when it was set up Matelot had nominee directors and an anonymous owner. But thanks to the huge Paradise Papers data breach, we do know in 2010 the ultimate beneficial owner of Matelot was Nickolay Fomichev, a member of the gang. In a joint investigation with the Organised Crime and Corruption Reporting Project, Panorama has delved into documents from Appleby, the offshore services provider at the heart of the Paradise Papers. The documents were originally obtained by German newspaper Suddeustche Zeitung, which shared them with the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists, the BBC and nearly 100 other media partners. In December 2015, the Appleby Group's offshore fiduciary and administrative service business separated from its legal division to form a group of new companies called Estera. Appleby and Estera are now separately owned businesses. As well as revealing Mr Fomichev's connection to Matelot, the Paradise Papers show two other flats in the building were owned by another offshore company linked to the gang. Aspiring film-maker and the £12.5m flat Mr Fomichev's name crops up in connection with more property a couple of miles north of the river in one of the world's most affluent areas. Number 199 Knightsbridge resembles an expensive hotel, with security and staff manning the entrance. Two apartments in the building were bought by offshore companies called Brightside Properties Number 3 and 4. The numbers don't relate to the flat numbers. Documents show by 2010 both companies were owned by Mr Fomichev, who is now believed to be dead. Source document In 2015 Brightside sold the flats to a young budding film-maker named Anya Angert. She is the daughter of the Don of Odessa. The purchase price for just one of the flats was £12.5m. It is unclear how Ms Angert was able to afford it, but she now owns a total of three flats at 199 Knightsbridge. Source document We have also discovered that a fourth flat in the block was linked to the gang. Donald Toon, director of the National Crime Agency, said the case "certainly gives me cause for suspicion... that there is money laundering taking place". "What we need to do in these circumstances is to be able to be clear how much of that material is capable of being used in court as evidence as it stands," he added. The professionals Establishing offshore companies needs help from professionals. London accountant Alexander Popivker, working from an office in Finchley, set up and administered dozens of offshore companies - known as the Rubicon Group - with the help of Appleby. Some of these companies were used by the gang from Odessa. To guard against money laundering international firms like Appleby are required to carry out rigorous checks on all their clients. But they can allow other professionals to conduct due diligence checks for them. They made Mr Popivker an "eligible introducer", which meant he could bring new businesses into the Appleby fold and vouch for their owners. It is legal. But for the system to work the introducer has to be thorough and independent. Mr Popivker is married to the sister of mafia boss Alexander Angert. The accountant and the mayor Money laundering checks should be especially thorough when a company is owned by politicians or politically exposed persons (PEPs). The Paradise Papers show Gennadiy Trukhanov had a major stake in four offshore firms that were administered by Appleby. For years, Appleby seemed unaware that he had become a PEP. When it asked Mr Popivker about the money, he told Appleby "Gennadiy Trukhanov is unknown to us". But documents in Appleby's own files suggest this was not true. When Panorama caught up with Mr Popivker, he denied dealings with the mayor, saying he had "never dealt with him in any capacity". Mr Popivker later told us: "At no time and under no circumstances did my company or I personally engage, either historically or currently, with a client or group of clients where the clients' integrity, activities, sources of their funds or the nature of proposed transactions were in any doubt as to their legitimacy of legality." Mr Trukhanov is currently under criminal investigation in Ukraine. Last October his home and offices in Odessa were raided. In February he was arrested and accused of embezzlement in Odessa but was allowed to carry on as mayor. "We suspect the mayor of Odessa of stealing money from the city of Odessa," said Nazar Kholodnytskiy, Ukraine's special anti-corruption prosecutor. Mr Trukhanov denies the allegations. He also denied all of Panorama's claims, saying the programme was putting out false information which "undermines his honour, dignity and reputation". Financial regulators Appleby has been in the firing line in the past. For almost 10 years, the offshore service provider's BVI office failed to notice it was setting up and administering some companies that were being used by gangsters to launder money. In February 2009 a compliance manager pointed out that Appleby BVI was not running adequate checks on companies. Source document The same report pointed to a company set up by Mr Popivker as an example of where proper checks had not been carried out. In 2011, an Appleby employee noticed serious problems in the record keeping for Mr Popivker's companies. Local regulators also picked up on problems in Appleby's BVI office. In 2012 the BVI Financial Services Commission (FSC) found there was missing compliance documentation. In 2013 the commission wrote to the group managing partner of Appleby about "continued and significant regulatory deficiencies" and in 2014 concluded Appleby BVI had broken money laundering rules. Appleby says that "whilst it is correct that the 2014 FSC Report identified certain areas of improvement, Appleby had by that time already taken a number of corrective actions." It says the documents we are using were stolen. Appleby BVI finally parted ways with Mr Popivker in 2015 after the BVI's Financial Investigation Agency demanded to know who was behind one of the companies he was acting for as part of a money-laundering inquiry. Appleby says it was legally entitled to rely on Mr Popivker to carry out due diligence and stopped using eligible introducers in 2015. In the same year the 60-plus companies in the Rubicon Group were moved to a different offshore provider. The UK's reputation Transparency International, which assisted in the investigation, says it is far too easy for criminals to bring dirty money into the UK. "Corrupt individuals cannot steal public funds unless they have a getaway vehicle and then a safe place to stash their stolen loot," said its head of advocacy, Rachel Davies Teka. "And anonymous companies are the getaway vehicle and UK assets, such as property, are the safe haven." Shadow chancellor John McDonnell says the UK has become the money laundering capital of the world. "Our reputation is being damaged by it... There's been too many examples over years of dirty money coming into the city and by allowing this to happen we are almost aiding and abetting these criminals," he said. The government has promised to introduce a public register to reveal the true owners of UK properties owned by offshore companies. Security and Economic Crime Minister Ben Wallace said he is determined to stop money laundering. "We will come for them, for their assets and their money. I am determined that we use all the powers we have, including the new powers in the Criminal Finances Act, to counter the threat from illicit funds." The powers include unexplained wealth orders, which allow assets to be seized where the source of funds is suspicious. The National Crime Agency said the orders could potentially be used to seize some of the London flats linked to the Ukrainian gang. Panorama - Gangsters' Dirty Money Exposed will be broadcast on BBC One on Monday 23 April, at 20:30 BST, or watch later on BBC iPlayer Find out more about the words and phrases found in the Paradise Papers. Your browser does not support this Lookup Your guide to financial jargon The Paradise Papers is huge data breach mostly from the former offshore services provider Appleby, along with corporate registries in 19 tax jurisdictions, which reveal the financial dealings of politicians, celebrities, corporate giants and business leaders. The 13.4 million records were passed to German newspaper Süddeutsche Zeitung and then shared with the International Consortium of Investigative Journalists (ICIJ). Panorama has led research for the BBC as part of a global investigation involving nearly 100 other media organisations, including the Guardian, in 67 countries. The BBC does not know the identity of the source. In a statement on the Paradise Papers, Appleby said it was a law firm which operates in jurisdictions regulated to the highest international standards and "advises clients on legitimate and lawful ways to conduct their business".

توصل تحقيق أجرته بي بي سي بانوراما إلى أن عصابة إجرامية أوكرانية استخدمت شركات خارجية في ملاذات ضريبية بريطانية لاستثمار ملايين الجنيهات الاسترلينية سرا في المملكة المتحدة.

أوراق الجنة: عصابة إجرامية أوكرانية أخفت عائداتها في شقق فاخرة في لندن

Congratulations, the follow-up to the duo's 2008 debut Oracular Spectacular will be made available on 12 April. Produced by Sonic Boom [Pete Kember] the nine-track album was recorded throughout last year in upstate New York, Malibu, and Brooklyn.

أكدت MGMT تفاصيل إصدار ألبومها الثاني القادم.

تؤكد MGMT تفاصيل LP الثانية

Amol RajanMedia editor@amolrajanon Twitter Civilisation is a word Bezos keeps coming back to. "Humans are now technologically advanced enough that we can create not only extraordinary wonders but also civilisation-scale problems", he wrote in a blog post this year. "We are likely to need more long-term thinking". That blog post was about a remarkable clock that Bezos has built. One hundred and fifty metres tall, costing $42m, powered by geothermal energy and housed inside a mountain in Texas, the clock is designed to keep the time for 10,000 years. The world's richest man, whose fabled Day One thinking is so ingrained that Amazon's headquarters are in a Day One building, has a very different relationship with time from most corporate leaders. He is mortal of course, but he thinks in epochal terms, situating his daily actions and company growth as much within the grand sweep of human history as the quarterly reporting rotas of public companies. In this, he resembles other tech visionaries. Elon Musk of Tesla, with his investments in electric cars and space exploration, and gloomy - perhaps prophetic - warnings about the coming age of artificial intelligence, is another epochalist. No surprise, then, that he is a fan of the c-word. In fact, not only is Musk a regular player of the computer game known as Civilisation, which is all about husbanding resources to build an epic human community, but that word peppers his public utterances. "We must preserve the light of consciousness," he tweeted in June, "by becoming a space-faring civilisation and extending life to other planets." In a recent profile for the New Yorker, Mark Zuckerberg got in on the act, declaring his reverence for the Roman Emperor Augustus. "Through a really harsh approach," the Facebook CEO told the magazine, "he established two hundred years of world peace. What are the trade-offs in that? On the one hand, world peace is a long-term goal that people talk about today. Two hundred years feels unattainable." By thinking not in days or decades but centuries, the New Epochalists channel their utopian instincts and find common ground with many non-Western and non-democratic leaders. The best example is China's Xi Jinping. At last October's Congress of the Communist Party, Xi talked about a "new era… that sees China moving centre stage and making greater contributions to mankind." Chen Daoyin, an academic in Shanghai, told The Guardian that Xi was ushering in a third great epoch since the communists took power in 1949: first Mao, then Deng Xiaoping, and now Xi. The sentiment emanating from China is: you can have a bad 300 years, but you might then have a good 300 years. Maybe Xi is a Chinese Augustus. We are, as I have pointed out before here, experiencing an epochal shift today. Many of the main elements of the post-1945 world order - from convergence toward democracy and free trade, to American leadership and the sanctity of the UN - are unstable. It may be that, as Nicholas Wright argued recently in the journal Foreign Affairs, that the coming competition for global dominance will be between liberal democracy and digital authoritarianism. A sincere question for technology companies such as Facebook is: if this battle does transpire, which side are you on? Naturally, Zuckerberg and his senior colleagues want to think of themselves as a benefit and boon to democracy, but in creating filter bubbles which limit exposure to heterodox views, and inadvertently facilitating abuse of the platform by the likes of Russia, it's not actually clear which side of the divide they are on. Democracy itself has virtues aplenty, but long-term thinking isn't one of them. Epochal cycles and electoral cycles have very little in common. The four-year cycle in America is pretty regular; but the five-year cycle in Britain has been radically sped up by the offer of referenda on Scottish independence and membership of the European Union - and the whim of prime ministers in search of a big majority, of course. And there are profound questions for journalism too. The news cycle used to be to elections roughly what elections were to epochs - a kind of daily noise. But in the age of social media, the news cycle has sped up, almost infinitely. Yet the most powerful people in today's world are thinking big, slow and long. People in my trade should learn from them. As news speeds up, maybe journalism should slow down. If you're interested in issues such as these, you can follow me on Twitter or Facebook; and subscribe to The Media Show podcast from Radio 4.

أثناء إعلانه عن إطلاق صندوق Day One Fund مؤخراً لدعم التلاميذ في مرحلة ما قبل المدرسة وهزيمة التشرد، استخدم جيف بيزوس كلمة لا يستخدمها عادة الرؤساء التنفيذيون العالميون. وقال: "بالإضافة إلى أمازون، فإن مجالات تركيزي حتى الآن شملت الاستثمار في مستقبل كوكبنا و..." - انتظروا - "الحضارة".

العصريون الجدد

The morning's sailing from Douglas to Heysham departed slightly later than scheduled at 08:50 GMT, an Isle of Man Steam Packet Company spokesman said. Monday's evening crossing of the Ben-my-Chree and its overnight return were scrapped due to adverse weather. As a result of the cancellation, no newspapers were delivered to the island on Tuesday. Why not follow BBC Isle of Man on Facebook and Twitter? You can also send story ideas to [email protected]

استؤنفت خدمات العبارات بين جزيرة مان ولانكشاير بعد انقطاعها بسبب الرياح القوية.

استئناف خدمات العبارات بين جزيرة مان ولانكشاير

By Naima MohamudBBC Africa Maija watched in awe as the tall, dark, aspiring model walked in front of judges of the reality TV show and posed for the camera. This was Polina Hiekkala, and she was doing everything Maija wanted to do. Maija's hazel brown eyes light up when she talks about modelling. The young Finnish-Nigerian woman explains how she has watched countless hours of catwalk videos on YouTube since being inspired by Hiekkala in 2012. "I started practising my walk at home, in front of the mirror," she says. Maija, who was born with Down's syndrome and is now 20, leans gently against her mother and laughs shyly when recalling her early steps towards a modelling career. Her mother, Anna-Erika Mattila, admits it was difficult to support her daughter's dream in the beginning. "I wanted her to have more realistic ambitions," she says. Viral video At school, Maija was bullied because of the colour of her skin. Maija's father is from Nigeria. Her mum is Finnish. "And then there's Down's syndrome on top of that," says her mother. Despite significant hurdles, Maija has pursued her dream. All the way, she has had support from friends and family. For her 18th birthday, a family friend gave Maija a gift voucher for a professional photo shoot. It became another life-changing moment. The shoot was held at the Finnish Broadcasting Company, where the team behind a youth-focused news programme caught wind of it. They liked her story, so they filmed her photo shoot and put together a package for their online show. It went viral. Shortly afterwards, Maija was doing radio and magazine interviews - and more photo shoots. "My biggest campaign so far has been for Kalevala Koru," says Maija, name-checking a well-known Helsinki jeweller. "I loved doing the catwalk at African Fashion Festival Helsinki," she adds. Life without pudding It has not all been straightforward, though. Fashion industry rules apply to her, like anyone else. "The hardest thing about modelling has been losing weight," she says. Her mother adds that Maija has lost 15kg (2st 5lb) over a couple of years. Naturally enough, the sacrifices have been tough. Last summer Maija gave up ice cream, chocolate and all sweets. Life without pudding is hard, she says, but the desire to become a model trumps her sweet tooth. You may also like: Though there are very few models in the world with Down's syndrome, Maija's mum believes their time is coming, suggesting there is room for more diversity in the modelling industry. She speaks about Madeline Stuart, an Australian model with Down's syndrome, who recently landed a contract. "It would be great if Maija and Madeline could do a shoot together one day, it would be like chocolate and vanilla," she says. African roots When walking around town, says Anna-Erika Mattila, "people often ask me where I have adopted Maija". She is not offended by this, more amused. People are naturally curious, she says, referring to Maija's darker complexion and her Down's syndrome. Skin colour also interests Maija. When she was younger she had difficulty understanding why her mother's colour was different to hers. And although Maija's father has not been in her life, she has taken a keen interest in Africa. "I want to go [to Nigeria], to just holiday and bathe in the sun," she says, adding how much she loves Nigerian singer Yemi Alade. She also hopes her journey will inspire others. "I want to be an example to others and encourage everybody to pursue their dreams and be proud of their skin colour."

عندما جلست فتاة من عرق مختلط مصابة بمتلازمة داون لمشاهدة عارضة الأزياء الفنلندية التالية، ربما بدا الأمر وكأنه عالم بعيد. ولكن بالنسبة لمايجا ماتيلا، فقد بدأ هذا الحلم الذي غير حياتها.

عارضة الأزياء الفنلندية داون مايا ماتيلا تخطو خطوات كبيرة على منصة العرض

By Mark SavageEntertainment reporter But one band is boycotting the nudity and sexual choreography. And that band is Little Mix. "There's no need to do that kind of dancing," protests Jade Thirlwall. "Obviously, sometimes we do do a bit of sexy dancing but it's more empowering." "Yeah, it's sassy," agrees her bandmate Perrie Edwards. "Not gyrating on the floor thrusting our vaginas." Sex may sell - but Little Mix prove modesty is marketable. The quartet have sold 7.5 million records in four years, even scoring a top 10 album in the US with the clattering R&B of their second record, Salute. But surely they must come under pressure to show skin and sing suggestively? "Do you know what? I think it's different for girl bands," says Jesy Nelson. "Fans can find it intimidating if you're being sexy. "I think that's why, a lot of the time, girl bands haven't really worked - because it's too sexy and girls are like, 'mmm… no, I'm a bit worried you're going to steal my boyfriend off me'. I think that's why we have done quite well." Perrie chips in: "We're not about that anyway. We're in our own lane, we know what we stand for. We want to inspire people. "If we're a bit sexy, we're a bit sexy, if we're not, we don't really care. We don't feel like we have to have really skimpy outfits. We do whatever the heck we want. " Incredibly for a "manufactured" pop group, that statement contains a kernel of truth. Little Mix have just spent a year recording their third album - an aeon in the quick turnover world of girlbands - after they scrapped the first draft. "We wrote 100 or 200 songs," says Jesy. "We thought we had an album, and we sat down together as a group and we listened to them and we were like, 'They're very mismatched. It doesn't work together as an album.'" Crucially, they lacked a killer single - a problem that became increasingly urgent as time went on. "Without a single what are you going to do?" asks Leigh-Anne Pinnock. "We had so many deadlines we kept missing. We didn't want to get to a time where everyone forgot about us. It was really scary." So the band set up writing camps in the hope of finding a lead track. "We gave out all our concepts, lyric ideas, where we are in our lives, what we want to talk about," says Perrie. "But then," Leigh-Anne says, "Black Magic came and everything just fell into place." The single, out this week, is an instant classic: Effervescent, 80s-inspired pop with more hooks than a butchers, it is directly inspired by Cyndi Lauper's Girls Just Want To Have Fun. "When we got it we all cried," Jesy admits. The only sticking point for the band was their lack of involvement. "We've always written all our singles," says Leigh-Anne. "It's the first time we've been handed a single and asked 'do you want it?'" "But we just knew," adds Jade. "You can't deny it's a hit song." With the single selected, the rest of the album coalesced around a late-80s, early-90s sassy pop sound. They finally finished recording sessions last week. "I'm not going to lie, we are very happy to see the back of it," laughs Jesy. X Factor foundation Little Mix were formed, somewhat reluctantly, after auditioning as solo artists for the 2011 series of X Factor. "We got put together at boot camp," explains Perrie. "They based it on our height, but it just so happened we all loved each other." "They literally could not have picked three better girls." Luckily, they found their voices worked as a quartet, Jesy's tremulous vibrato complementing Perrie's three octave ad-libs, while Jade and Leigh-Anne took the lead lines. "We've all got such different voices, but the first time we sang together we all went 'wow'," says Leigh-Anne. "We practice over and over," adds Perrie. "Then we record it on our phones so that when we go to sleep we can listen to it in bed." But things nearly fell apart three weeks into the X Factor live shows when the band were forced to change their name after it was discovered a charity was already using their chosen moniker, Rhythmix. "We were so upset," says Perrie. "We weren't really seen that much, anyway, on the show. Nobody knew who we were. So when we had to change our name we just thought, 'oh great we may as well just go home now.'" Jesy adds: "I can never imagine being Rhythmix now. It just doesn't feel like us at all. It feels a bit boyish." "And it sounds too much like the Eurythmics," laughs Jade. They went on to win the show - and remain the only band ever to do so. Their winner's single, a cover of Damien Rice's Cannonball, has been airbrushed from history. On their arena tour last year, they introduced its follow-up, Wings, as "our very first record." That song - a juddering, multi-layered girl power anthem - set the Little Mix template; while the lyrics, about overcoming bullies, spoke directly to their teenage fanbase, known as Mixers, who the girls have been careful to cultivate. They are all over social media, setting challenges, recording video messages and even, for the Black Magic promotional campaign, performing a series of illusions. "We know how important it is, especially for our kind of fanbase," says Jade. "It's important that they always feel special." "They love knowing what we're up to and they love feeling involved," adds Perrie. "But we do it because we want to." The band's online presence has helped them crack the rest of the world, too. While Take That and Girls Aloud struggled in the States, Little Mix were already a known quantity by the time they released a single in America, thanks to their presence on YouTube and Twitter. Perrie explains: "It's really hard to find the balance between everyone in Japan or Australia and America. That's why social media is so powerful, because it helps." Their popularity isn't just about marketing, though. Little Mix are the first girl group since the Spice Girls who have that un-fakeable air of camaraderie. The band finish each other's sentences, whisper secrets and happily digress into discussions about toilet seat etiquette and she-wees ("It'd be great when we're on the road on tour," says Jade. "Instead of having to stop for a toilet break we could just do it out the window.") But there's a downside to their activity on social media. "Back in the Spice Girls era, you never had to see those negative comments," says Jade. "Anyone can say whatever they want." As Zayn Malik's fiance, Perrie gets the bulk of the abuse, but Jesy has been left in tears by trolls criticising her weight. "People just hide behind the computer," she says. "They'd never say it to your face. If you went up to them and said, 'tell us what you said on Twitter to my face' they'd be like, 'I'm sorry'." So if they really could practice Black Magic, who would they cast a spell on? "I've got a good one," says Leigh-Anne. "You know all the evil Daily Mail commenters? The disgusting people that sit there and spew out awful things about everyone? I would make them fart all the time. All the time, they would just fart." "I feel like you could have a better punishment than that," taunts Jesy. "Make them have no fingers so they can't type." Sensing the tone is shifting, Jade attempts to play peacemaker. "I'd mix a potion to make everyone positive. No more negativity," she says. "The ingredients would be the sound of laughter, a bit of kindness, a bit of compassion... And a lot of vodka." Black Magic is out now on Sony Records

انقر على موقع يوتيوب ويمكنك رؤية بيونسيه وهي تتلوى على عمود، ونيكي ميناج تهز جسدها، ومايلي سايروس وهي تتمطى على كرة مدمرة عملاقة، عارية مثل يوم ولادتها.

ليتل ميكس: "لسنا بحاجة إلى التصرف بشكل مثير لبيع التسجيلات"

By Will RossBBC News, Lagos The Baga killings last week are a case in point, with politicians and government officials offering vastly different information - from 150 dead to 2,000. News of another attack by Islamist militants from Boko Haram often starts as a vague one-liner as was the case on 3 January: "Attack on Baga. Loud gunfire heard." This first bit of information often comes via social media. The challenge now is to find out the details and there are plenty of obstacles in the way of getting to the truth. First up there has been no mobile phone connection in Baga for many months after the jihadists attacked mobile phone masts in the north-east. There are of course the officials whose job it is to tell the world what is going on. But for the first few days of the Baga crisis both the military spokesmen and government officials were silent or not picking up calls. Then, often with help from colleagues from the BBC's Hausa service, the goal is to get through to people who have witnessed the violence. Fleeing On 4 January we spoke to a man who had walked for two days through the bush, eventually getting a lift to the relative safety of the biggest city in the area, Maiduguri, on a lorry. "There was shooting from every corner of the headquarters of the multinational task force," he tells me, adding that the exchange of fire lasted hours. Then there are more testimonies from witnesses who say the military base was overpowered and then the gunmen started killing civilians in Baga town. But every witness we speak to is fleeing for their life. They are not hanging around Baga to check exactly what's happening so it is hard to be sure we are getting facts. Then a local politician from the area weighs in with more accounts of people being shot in Baga and others dying as they fled, their boats capsizing on Lake Chad. "I don't know how many people have been killed," says Senator Maina Maaji Lawan, who represents Borno North. "But at least 70% of the area I represent is in Boko Haram hands." Four days after the attack and there is still silence from the government and the military. Totally untrue Then some journalists manage to meet the chief of defence staff, Air Chief Marshal Alex Badeh. It is not an organised news conference but a hurried exchange in a car park. He is asked about the attack on the military base in Baga. Boko Haram at a glance Who are Boko Haram? Profile: Boko Haram leader Abubakar Shekau Why Nigeria has not defeated Boko Haram "Of course there was an attack," he shoots back. "But don't worry we are at work." Can we retake Baga? Mr Badeh is asked. "Why not?" is the short reply. Seconds later he ducks into his car and is driven off. It is an unusual way for the capture of Baga to be confirmed officially although it is worth noting this is the same very senior military official who told us a few months ago that a ceasefire deal had been reached with Boko Haram which turned out to be totally untrue. More eyewitnesses fleeing Baga are telling the BBC about hundreds of bodies on the streets of Baga. Another local politician says 2,000 are dead. But he is not there to count them - nobody is because it is far too dangerous - so it is hard to believe him. Election focus Meanwhile in Paris news breaks of, initially at least, 12 people being shot dead by gunmen. Within minutes President Francois Hollande is speaking to the world's media offering some clarity and leadership. "This is an act of exceptional barbarism," he begins and says security measures are in place to apprehend the perpetrators. Ten days since Baga was first attacked and there have also been several suicide bombings. But we have not heard a word from Nigerian President Goodluck Jonathan - except for a statement condemning the Paris attacks. The finance minister also appears keener to comment on events far away that have killed far less people. "Terrible incident. Our deepest sympathies to the journalists and their families. We are one with France in mourning," tweets Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala with the hash tag #JeSuisCharlie. Meanwhile local TV stations follow every twist and turn of the presidential election campaign - some are lengthy programmes sponsored by rival political parties. The media seem far more focused on the Valentine's Day vote. That seems to be where the politicians are focused too. On Monday evening the government put out a statement saying "the number of people who lost their lives during the Baga attack has so far not exceeded about 150". But we may never know how many have died in and around Baga. We know there will never be an investigation that will reveal the truth. It won't be the first time we are not sure if 150, 300, 500 or even 2,000 people were killed in a massacre in Nigeria.

ليس من السهل معرفة الحقيقة في نيجيريا.

أزمة بوكو حرام: لماذا يصعب معرفة الحقيقة في نيجيريا

The death toll in Mozambique is currently 200 but President Filipe Nyusi fears it could be far higher. Some 100,000 people need to be rescued from the port city of Beira (above), according to Mozambique's government. With hundreds still missing, people are searching through the rubble for their loved ones. In Zimbabwe (below), victims are carried in wooden coffins by barefoot family members along a makeshift path on the River Ngangu. Relatives cleared space for a mass burial site: On the Umvumvu River, below, locals watch in disbelief at the empty space where a bridge stood just days before. A UN World Food Programme worker said of the damage in Beira (above): "There is no power. There is no telecommunications. The streets are littered with fallen electricity lines." With every building in the city damaged in some way, people are left unsheltered against tough weather conditions. Some homes were stripped bare as walls and roofs were destroyed by the extreme wind and rain. The road between Beira and Chimoio has been damaged, leaving aid agencies cut off, unable to deliver supplies. Students at St Charles Luanga school in Zimbabwe, above, had to be rescued by the military. They navigated their way through a mudslide that had covered a major road, blocking their way out of the school. People who have had their entire livelihoods destroyed await handouts from aid agencies. Aerial photos show the far-reaching extent of the flooding, destroying crops, homes and lives: All photos copyright.

اجتاح إعصار إيداي أجزاء من موزمبيق وملاوي وزيمبابوي فيما تقول الأمم المتحدة إنه قد يكون أسوأ كارثة مرتبطة بالطقس تضرب نصف الكرة الجنوبي على الإطلاق. وكان ملايين الأشخاص في المسار المباشر للإعصار، وتحملت مدينة بيرا الساحلية في موزمبيق العبء الأكبر.

الدمار الذي خلفه إعصار إيداي في صور

By Kirsty GrantNewsbeat reporter The messy corners of growing-up were tiptoed around by teachers who couldn't even bring themselves to say "penis". So when the TV show Sex Education - which centres around two students who set up a sex clinic in their school - first debuted on Netflix last year, it was a breath of fresh air. The first series boldly tackled topics including slut-shaming, abortion, virginity and masturbation - which Aimee Lou Wood, who plays Aimee Gibbs, told Radio 1 Newsbeat she "thought was only a boy thing". Growing up, Aimee thought she was a "weirdo" for wanting to masturbate. And when filming the series the 24-year-old found that other people felt the same. "When I filmed a masturbation scene, extras were asking me, 'What do you mean you had a scene like that? That's only for boys'." Chatting to some of the show's cast at the season two premiere it became obvious that lots of them feel they didn't learn enough about the realities of sex growing up. "Food, jobs, sex... it's a very key part of life and we don't know enough about it," Aimee said. "I wish I knew it was normal to want sex for pleasure, and not just to make babies." The character Aimee plays has one of the most talked about storylines of the series. She is sexually assaulted and the series sees her coming to terms with what happened. The storyline received huge reaction online. Aimee says her storyline had a "huge impact" on her. "I had to go back to when I was that age and how trusting I was. A lot of girls will relate to it." 'Everyone can learn something' Emma Mackey, who plays the show's female lead Maeve, agrees that the programme is important in challenging taboos. "The show makes you feel less lonely; I wish it existed when I was at school to make me feel more normal," she told us. When asked what they'd learnt during filming, the word "vaginismus" was quick to leave almost all cast members' mouths. The NHS says: "Vaginismus is when the vagina suddenly tightens up just as you try to insert something into it." Tanya Reynolds, whose character Lily has vaginismus, said: "I didn't even know it had a name. So many women will watch this and realised there's not something wrong with them." What are schools teaching about sex? As of spring 2020, it will be compulsory for all primary schools in England to teach "relationships education", which looks at friendship and emotions. Sex education in primary schools is not compulsory. English secondary schools must teach relationship and sex education (RSE) lessons. Parents can specifically request for their children not to be involved in sex education lessons, but not relationship lessons. The government's new requirements for secondary sex education include STIs, pregnancy, contraception and miscarriages. Scotland announced plans to review RSE lessons last year, to include things like sexual harassment and consent. Wales will be introducing a new compulsory RSE curriculum in 2022. Northern Irish schools must teach RSE lessons, but individual schools can decide the content. The programme has been commended for showing sex in a more realistic way than most. It replaces your average lowly-lit romantic sex scenes with clumsy, awkward ones where the teenage characters mostly have no idea what they're doing. This meant the cast had to be comfortable during the filming process. Patricia Allison, who plays Otis's new girlfriend Ola, said: "There was a sex director on set. They sent us a list before we had even read the script to ask how we felt about certain things. "Even if you said you were OK with something, you can change your mind and say I'm not comfortable with it today. And that's OK." She says filming the series taught her the "importance of saying no". 'Setting the bar high' The first season of Sex Education was one of two programmes that Netflix released viewing figures for. It was reportedly watched by more than 40 million households in its initial weeks. (That's people who watched 70% or more of an episode). The series has been highly praised for its diversity and representation in its casting and plot, which Emma says "shouldn't be a big deal". "We're setting the bar high in that regard, but it's about time. It should be normal." Otis' sexually-liberated best friend, Eric, struggles with homophobia and the relationship between sexuality and religion. Ncuti Gatwa, who plays Eric, said: "I love that this gay, black kid is not apologising for being who he is." The teaching of "LGBT content" in schools hasn't always been accepted. Last year there were ongoing protests outside a primary school in Birmingham which taught pupils about same-sex relationships as part of a teaching scheme called No Outsiders. Some parents said it contradicted their Islamic faith and was not "age appropriate". The school compromised, with a new equality programme after consulting with parents. The government says it encourages secondary schools to include LGBT issues in sex education. Ncuti said: "Representation matters, to educate kids about all the different types of people in the world so that when they encounter them they're not afraid." Follow Newsbeat on Instagram, Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. Listen to Newsbeat live at 12:45 and 17:45 weekdays - or listen back here.

ربما تتذكر الواقي الذكري الموجود على موزة، أو مجرد إحساس عام بأنك إذا مارست الجنس، فسوف تصابين إما بالحمل أو بالمرض. نحن نتحدث عن التربية الجنسية في المدرسة.

التربية الجنسية: "أتمنى لو كنت أعرف أن الجنس يمكن أن يكون ممتعًا أثناء النمو"

By Steven McKenzieBBC Scotland Highlands and Islands reporter Hamish had a happy, but tough life, says his mum Susan. When he was two-years-old in 2011 he was diagnosed with a metastatic alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma - a rare and aggressive soft tissue cancer. Months of intensive treatment followed, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Hamish also had pioneering surgery called rotationplasty which resulted in him having a prosthetic limb. "For three years after that you would not have known there was anything wrong with Hamish," says Susan. "He went to school. He did everything a child his age would do. He would run around playing with his older sister Lily." Then in March 2016, Hamish was diagnosed with a DIPG, an aggressive, inoperable tumour within the brainstem. It was unconnected to his earlier cancer, and there was no cure. The diagnosis came when Susan was receiving treatment herself for breast cancer. She says: "Hamish's final diagnosis came as the biggest blow. It is something myself and my husband, Sam, will never ever get over." The couple decided not to tell Hamish, then seven, or Lily, who was 10 at the time, that the cancer this time was incurable. "Sam and I knew what the outcome would be for Hamish," says Susan. "That he wouldn't survive. "But for Hamish and Lily we wanted them to have some kind of level of normality." Susan says Hamish, who endured a second round of cancer care with his usual smile, "was happy right to the end". She adds: "That final week, in terms of his health, he deteriorated very quickly. "His last words were: 'I love my life. I'm going to spend the rest of it in my bed'." Nine months after Hamish died, Susan was told her cancer had returned. "It is in my chest and lungs," she says. "I know they say there is no cure, but I am going to explore everything that is open to me. "I have to fight it. "I have to fight it for my wonderful husband and my beautiful daughter, and I need to be here for TeamHamish and what we want to achieve through the campaign." The family first started as fundraising to support charities that helped Hamish with his treatment and care. Then in May this year following Hamish's death TeamHamish was formed. The campaign is leading an effort to create a large-scale community feature at Nairn's beachfront. "While it would be something to remember Hamish by, we want it to be a place for everyone in Nairn - for children, teenagers and older people," says Susan. "Our family has had so much support from the local community. We want to give something back." Discussions have already begun with Highland Council and Nairn Community Improvement Enterprise (Nice). Susan, an art teacher and Sam, an architect, have also been looking locally and globally for inspiration for what the new area might include, such as play park apparatus, water features and sculptures. While the couple say they are itching to show the community their ideas, they are holding back to allow for early planning processes to be worked through. These include a scoping study looking at how the area involved could be developed in a way sensitive to the natural environment and other local interests. But one feature Susan hopes the area might include is a rainbow bridge. Susan says: "Without a shadow of a lie, when Hamish died in February there was a rainbow in the sky every day for two weeks. The rainbow is now part of our TeamHamish logo. "People told us one could be seen on the day of his funeral. People say it is Hamish watching us and we embraced that." Asked to try and sum up her son's personality, Susan says: "I know it sounds a bit clichéd, but Hamish's smile would light up a room. "He was a very lovable, caring little boy with a wonderful sense of humour, which he shared and he was loved by all in the community and beyond." Related Internet Links Nice

وفي فبراير/شباط، توفي هاميش هاي، البالغ من العمر ثماني سنوات، بين ذراعي والدته بعد معركة ضد السرطان. الآن في مدينته نيرن، بدأ جهد كبير باسمه لإنشاء ميزة مجتمعية على شاطئ البحر.

كيف يهدف مشروع مجتمعي إلى تذكر "صبي صغير محبوب ومهتم"

Work on the A59 at Kex Gill is due to start later this week, just two years after it was last resurfaced and nearby banks were strengthened. North Yorkshire County Council said recent heavy rain had revealed the need for extra drainage at the site. The work is expected to last for about six weeks, the council said. The stretch of road at Kex Gill, near Blubberhouses, on the A59 between Skipton and Harrogate, runs across very high ground between even higher moorland, a council spokesman said. It had been affected by landslips in the past due to rainfall, he added.

قال مجلس إن هطول الأمطار "غير المسبوقة" على مدار عامين يعني أن الطريق في شمال يوركشاير يجب أن يخضع لأعمال بقيمة 200 ألف جنيه إسترليني لحمايته من الانهيارات الأرضية.

أدى المطر "غير المسبوق" إلى أعمال الانهيارات الأرضية في A59 Kex Gill

Mark EastonHome editor@BBCMarkEastonon Twitter The word 'constabulary' takes us back to the earliest days of the police service - of 19th Century crime-ridden London and the constables who marched out of their stations for the first time in 1829, a copy of Sir Robert Peel's Principles of Law Enforcement in their breast pocket. Hold on, though. Thumb through today's assessment of policing in England and Wales from the HMIC and there is the document republished in full. At a time when public trust has been "severely shaken", HM Chief Inspector of Constabulary Tom Winsor encourages the police service to go back to those first principles. "The test of police efficiency is the absence of crime and disorder, not the visible evidence of police action in dealing with them", Sir Robert explained in 1829. "Prevention is far better than cure in policing," says Mr Winsor in 2014. "Who could argue that a rape detected is preferable to the same rape prevented, a murder solved is better than a life saved, or the arrest of a paedophile is better than the children in question never coming to harm in the first place?" the report asks. No-one, of course. The public debate about protecting front-line policing in the face of budget reductions, however, tends to focus on blues-and-twos crime response, the dramatic and the forensic. No-one has ever made a prime-time TV series about the heroes of the police crime prevention team. Officers going into primary schools to chat to children about community safety, or encouraging cyclists to security mark their bikes, won't make the headlines, leaving crime prevention more vulnerable to cut-backs. Spending time working with a family to prevent possible domestic violence or child abuse does not fit with our image of the busy police officer. Some will question whether such crime prevention is the responsibility of the police at all. Shouldn't social services be doing that kind of stuff? As Peel's principles put it, police are "paid to give full-time attention to duties which are incumbent on every citizen". When it comes to crime prevention, Peel and Winsor agree, we are all in it together. Indeed, the HMIC report lists some of the other state agencies and 'emanations of communities' that need to step up to assist in preventing crime: parents and families; schools; health professionals, particularly in the field of mental health; other parts of the criminal justice system. Mr Winsor also lists some of the potential causes of crime that might be a useful starting point in constructing crime prevention plans - although he accepts there is no definitive list. "The disintegration of deference and respect for authority" should be on the list, he suggests, as well as "envy, greed, materialism and the corrosive effects of readily-available hard-core pornography and the suppression of instincts of revulsion to violence through the conditioning effect of exposure to distasteful and extreme computer games and films." "And some people are just selfish, greedy or wicked," Mr Winsor adds. The words could have had their origins in a sermon from a Victorian pulpit - the stress on individual responsibility and social propriety, on the need to confront greed and wickedness. Quite how a neighbourhood policing team might be expected to counteract "the disintegration of deference" or the "suppression of instincts of revulsion to violence" is not immediately obvious. But the report says it is "extremely important that the first obligation of the police, in preventing crime, is given the attention and resources required." Here, then, is Tom Winsor's real challenge. With police budgets squeezed and Police and Crime Commissioners anxious to demonstrate they are protecting the front line, his report stresses they "should never dismiss or disregard the imperative of keeping everyone safe, especially the silent, the fearful and the weak". The people who don't vote, he could have added. It is an exhortation that comes straight from Sir Robert Peel's Principles of Law Enforcement and its demand for "absolutely impartial service to the law". Principle Number One begins thus: "The basic mission for which police exist is to prevent crime and disorder."

مفتشية صاحبة الجلالة للشرطة هي منظمة تحمل اسمًا قديمًا ومثقلًا بالغبار. ربما لا عجب أن يقوم القائمون على التسويق في القرن الحادي والعشرين بتقليصه إلى HMIC على الورق ذي الرأسية ولوحة الباب، خوفًا من الظهور بمظهر عفا عليه الزمن وبعيدًا عن الواقع.

العودة إلى المبادئ الأولى

Jonathan AmosScience correspondent@BBCAmoson Twitter The new region is a consequence of further, refined analysis of the brief, automated satellite communications with the plane in its last hours. This search area focuses on the so-called “7th arc” – a line through which the analysis suggests the jet had to have crossed as it made a final connection with ground systems. The interpretation of the data is that this last electronic “handshake” was prompted by a power interruption on board MH370 as its fuel ran down to exhaustion and its engines “flamed out”. The final connection is the jet trying to log back into the satellite network after the interruption, made possible perhaps by an auxiliary power source firing up. But there are very strong indications that MH370 crashed soon after. And here’s why. 'Spiralling downwards' Examination of the data shows there was another interruption and logon request from the plane much earlier in the flight. Such interruptions can occur for a number of reasons, including software glitches. But the sequence that follows a logon is telling. About 90 seconds after the satellite link is re-established, the entertainment system onboard the plane should also try to reconnect with the ground network. All this can be seen in the data for a handshake that occurs at 18:25 GMT, three minutes after the last radar sighting of the jet. But this entertainment reconnection does not occur following the 7th arc handshake at 00:19 GMT, almost five hours later. The hypothesis then is that MH370 cannot make such a request because by that stage it is spiralling rapidly downwards or has already even hit the water. This all means the wreckage should be very close to the 7th arc. But where precisely is dependent on a number of variables that include such aspects as the plane’s performance on that day and even the wind conditions. A model has been produced that takes account of all these features, and several teams within the investigation have been running the numbers; this is not the sole work of the satellite system’s operator, Inmarsat. What is more, these teams have run the numbers independently of each other. However, the collected view has arrived at a zone of highest priority covering some 60,000 sq km (23,200 sq miles). It is a strip running for about 650km (400 miles) with a width of 93km. Its northern end is a good 800km from where the ADV Ocean Shield’s towed pinger locator device detected those possible pulses from submerged flight recorders. These detections, it turns out, were not what one would have expected from properly functioning beacons, but only damaged ones. Nonetheless, it was determined that an underwater search using an autonomous sub should take place. As we all know now, it was fruitless, and the location has been ruled out as a final resting place for MH370. Two ships – the Chinese survey vessel Zhu Kezhen and the Australian-contracted Fugro Equator - are now busy mapping the ocean floor in the new search area. Once they have a detailed map of the shape and depth of the sea bed, the investigation team can then summon the best – and also the most appropriate - submersibles in the world to go hunt for sunken wreckage. The Australian authorities have laid out much of the analysis, and their reasons to go with the new search area, in a 55-page report. While no-one yet can presume they know what happened on MH370, it is clear from reading this document that investigators are working on the idea that the crew was unconscious for the larger part of the flight. Everything we know about MH370, and everything we've learned from previous accidents, would seem to point to the jet ending its flight after having spent a long time on autopilot. But quite how it could have got into this situation, eventually crashing into the southern Indian Ocean, is for now pure speculation.

وكما كان متوقعا، وذكرت هيئة الإذاعة البريطانية (بي بي سي) الأسبوع الماضي، فإن البحث عن الطائرة MH370 سينتقل مئات الكيلومترات إلى الجنوب من المكان الذي اعتقدت سفينة دفاع أسترالية، خطأً، أنها اكتشفت إشارات من مسجلات الرحلة المغمورة بالطائرة.

الطائرة الماليزية MH370: التحليل المحسن يدفع منطقة بحث جديدة

The island's government is due to vote on funding for the two-year build in November. Peter Le Cheminant, who has been the head teacher for 18 years, said the problems had just got worse. He said: "There's always been problems with the building... they've been fixed up and then the problems start again." Built in the 1950s, Les Beaucamps is the oldest of the three secondary schools built after World War II and currently has more than 500 pupils.

يمكن أن تبدأ إعادة بناء مدرسة Les Beaucamps الثانوية، وهو مشروع بقيمة 37 مليون جنيه إسترليني، قبل نهاية العام إذا وافقت ولايات غيرنسي.

قد تبدأ إعادة بناء مدرسة Les Beaucamps الثانوية في عام 2010

By Chris MorrisReality Check correspondent, BBC News So the customs union is back in the news… Haven't we talked about this before? We have, but like a fine wine some things get better with age. So remind me, what is the customs union? All members of the European Union are automatically members of the EU customs union (so is Monaco, but we're not going there). It means there are no internal tariffs (that is, taxes) on goods that are transported between them. That's a big advantage for businesses like those in the car industry that rely on complex manufacturing supply chains. They can move stuff from one country to another throughout the EU without added costs or delays. What about goods imported from elsewhere in the world? Members of the customs union impose what's known as a common external tariff. That means they all charge exactly the same tariffs on goods brought into customs union territory from other countries. The benefit of that is that once the common tariff has been paid, no-one has to prove where all the parts in their products originally come from (known as rules of origin) - something that can be time-consuming and expensive. But there's a but? There's always a but, and this one has become really important in the Brexit debate. In the customs union you don't get to negotiate your own trade deals on goods around the world. All that has to be done at the EU level, because that is the only way to maintain the consistency of the common external tariff. But the government insists that the UK must have the freedom to negotiate its own trade deals after Brexit, in order to deliver on the demand to "take back control". That raises a question though - will any trade deals we do with other countries make up for what we could lose in trade with the EU outside the single market and the customs union? Most economists say they won't. Could we negotiate a new customs union? We could try - this is what the Labour Party now advocates. Turkey has a customs union with the EU for most manufactured goods (it doesn't include agriculture, though) so there are precedents. But Turkey is still bound by the trade agreements the EU does around the world, and when new EU deals open up the Turkish market to companies from other countries, Turkey doesn't automatically get reciprocal rights for its companies. There are still long delays at Turkey's land border with the EU as well, because Turkey is not in the single market. Labour argues that the UK is a much bigger economy that could get a much better deal than Turkey, but there's no sign that the EU would allow the UK to continue to negotiate all its own trade agreements if such a deal was to be done. So what are the government's alternative solutions? The first one is a proposal that has emerged in Whitehall for a new customs partnership, in which the UK would collect the EU's tariffs on goods coming from other countries on the EU's behalf. If those goods didn't leave the UK and UK tariffs were lower, companies could then claim back the difference. Business doesn't like the fact that this could mean far more bureaucracy and cost; and anyway there are plenty of people, both within the government and outside, who simply don't think the system will work. It has never been done anywhere in the world on the kind of scale proposed. Many supporters of Brexit are also suspicious of the proposal for a customs partnership. They fear it is a deliberately impractical ruse, designed to keep the UK in the customs union by default. What's the second option? The second proposal has the catchy title of a "highly streamlined customs arrangement". The idea is that it would minimise checks rather than getting rid of them altogether, by using new technologies and things like trusted trader schemes, which could allow companies to pay duties in bulk every few months rather than every time their goods cross a border. The trouble with this idea is that it rubs up against one of the trickiest issues in the Brexit process… Let me guess - Ireland? Yes, both the EU and the UK have committed to keeping the border between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland all but invisible, with no checks or infrastructure. Option two doesn't achieve that - in Whitehall-speak it is "maximum facilitation" (or max-fac) rather than no border at all. But even staying in the customs union wouldn't solve the problem on the Irish border entirely, because the UK would still be outside the single market and some checks would be needed to make sure goods complied with EU rules and regulations. Is there a solution out there? There are plenty of clever people working on it. Some supporters of Brexit accuse the EU of exaggerating the problem in order to back the UK into a corner. But the EU has insisted for some time that the UK's proposals won't work in Ireland. So it's not surprising that customs and the Irish border have now become a litmus test of how successful the Brexit negotiations may prove to be over the coming months. And there is a series of parliamentary tests ahead for the government that will keep all these issues in the news. In a symbolic vote on 26 April, the House of Commons approved a non-binding motion calling on the government to include the option of establishing "an effective customs union" as an objective in the Brexit negotiations. But more significant tests lie ahead in amendments to the EU Withdrawal Bill and in particular to the Trade Bill - the latter calls explicitly for the UK to be part of a customs union. Read more from Reality Check Send us your questions Follow us on Twitter

لن نبقى في الاتحاد الجمركي للاتحاد الأوروبي، ولن ننضم إلى اتحاد جمركي جديد أيضاً - هكذا تقول الحكومة. ولكن في حال كنت قد ضللت بعض الشيء في أعشاب ما هو الاتحاد الجمركي، أو في الواقع "أ"، يشرح كريس موريس، مراسل بي بي سي للواقع، هذه القضايا.

خروج بريطانيا من الاتحاد الأوروبي: ما أهمية الاتحاد الجمركي؟

If you cannot see the quiz, click here. Why not test yourself on our 2018 Quiz of the Year? 2018 Quiz of the Year 1: Jan - Mar 2018 Quiz of the Year 2: Apr - Jun 2018 Quiz of the Year 3: Jul - Sep 2018 Quiz of the Year 4: Oct - Dec Picture credits: Getty Images Join the conversation - find us on Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat and Twitter.

إنه اختبار الأخبار الأسبوعي - هل كنت منتبهًا لما يحدث في العالم خلال الأيام السبعة الماضية؟

اختبار الأسبوع: ما هو المعرض الذي يقوم بتعليق الأعمال الفنية المسروقة؟

Remploy in St Machar Road employs 15 workers, 14 of whom are disabled. A case to develop a social enterprise hub in its place was rejected and Remploy is expected to close next week. The workers will spend the remaining days clearing up the premises. It is understood the building will then be put up for sale. Remploy earlier said it was planning to close 36 of its 54 factories.

علمت بي بي سي اسكتلندا أن الموظفين في مصنع يوظف عمالاً معاقين في أبردين، أُخبروا أنهم سيتوقفون عن الإنتاج يوم الخميس.

يُطلب من إعادة توظيف الموظفين في أبردين إنهاء الإنتاج

A wildlife crime officer for Devon and Cornwall Police reported finding the snares on Thursday night. Each of the snares had been fitted with two large fishing hooks, the officer said. The force said it was believed the illegal snares and hooks were likely to be used to "capture live animals for baiting". Badgers are protected under UK law, and also under the Bern Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats.

ضبطت الشرطة فخين غير قانونيين بجوار مدخل مزرعة الغرير في غرب كورنوال.

ضبطت شرطة الحياة البرية في كورنوال فخين للغرير

By Victoria KingBBC News PM praises UK response The prime minister may be in isolation with coronavirus, but he tried to rally the country on Sunday night in his latest message to the nation. It came after two days in which the UK death toll jumped significantly to 1,228, including two NHS doctors. Citing the 20,000 former NHS staff who have returned to work and the 750,000 members of the public who have volunteered to help the most vulnerable, a croaky-sounding Boris Johnson said it was proof his Conservative predecessor Margaret Thatcher was wrong when she famously declared "there is no such thing as society". The PM also said the majority of people appeared to be obeying social distancing restrictions imposed to slow the spread of the virus, despite some eye-catching exceptions. Earlier, England's deputy chief medical officer Dr Jenny Harries warned it could be six months before life in the UK returned to normal - although she stressed that didn't mean "complete lockdown" for all that time. Instead, restrictions will most likely be eased gradually over the next three to six months. Lifting restrictions too early could be dangerous, she added. We're all becoming very familiar with the need to keep at least two metres away from other people - health correspondent Laura Foster helps explain the best ways to do that. You can also meet some of the "shielded" - those enduring 12 weeks of total isolation - and watch the impact of the "stay at home" message on London's usually clogged streets in this striking timelapse video. Global picture Donald Trump had said he believed the US could get back to something approaching normal by Easter, but on Sunday night, the president appeared to abandon that hope. He said social distancing measures would be extended across the US until at least 30 April. The death toll in the US has reached almost 2,500, and earlier, White House medical adviser Dr Anthony Fauci warned the virus could eventually kill up to 200,000 Americans. Elsewhere in the world, Australia has tightened restrictions on public life designed to tackle the disease, while India's prime minister has apologised for the impact of similar curbs. Narendra Modi has been criticised over the lack of planning ahead of India's shutdown, which has left many citizens jobless and hungry. Globally, there have been more than 720,000 infections and almost 34,000 deaths. Italy remains by far the worst hit country, with more than 10,000 fatalities, followed by Spain and then China. Our visual guide shows how coronavirus has spread around the world - or if you're in the UK, find out the picture at a local level here. Follow all the latest updates via our live page. Get news from the BBC in your inbox, each weekday morning Readying the NHS We know a surge in coronavirus cases is coming and that means a huge increase in pressure on the NHS. Our health correspondent Nick Triggle looks at what it has been doing to prepare. One step has been to create a big field hospital in east London and we've learned that thousands of cabin crew left without work due to the crisis have been offered jobs there. Supply of equipment will also be crucial as things intensify, and in a piece of good news this morning, a breathing aid which can help keep coronavirus patients out of intensive care has been created in under a week. Up to 1,000 of the CPAP machines can be produced per day, and creators say they will save lives by ensuring ventilators are kept available for only the most seriously ill. Why are ventilators so vital? Here we explain. Why are people stealing hospital supplies? By Dr John Wright, Bradford Royal Infirmary Following the UK-wide lockdown the hospital followed suit, in a bid to limit transmission of the coronavirus. Eighteen entrances across the 26-acre site were sealed off and everyone is now funnelled through one main door. But on Thursday night, as millions of people across the UK stepped out of their houses and applauded NHS workers, one man carefully dressed in doctor's scrubs. He even completed his disguise with a stethoscope. He then attempted to bluff his way past the security guard demanding to see his pass, and when he was exposed he made a run for it. Read the full article One thing not to miss today From Spiderman artist to drawing teacher Listen up On the latest Coronavirus Newscast, the team talk to special guest Nigella Lawson about your isolation dinner dilemmas. And in From Our Own Correspondent, BBC colleagues from Singapore, Germany and elsewhere report on the fight against the disease where they are. What the papers say Most papers highlight the warning that life in Britain will not return to normal for six months. The Times says it's "almost inevitable" the current restrictions will be extended beyond the three weeks initially announced. The Daily Telegraph feels the rising death toll "will convince the country that more time is needed", but people "need to be told something more than things are going to get worse if we are to get through this". A number of papers feature an image of Amged El-Hawrani - one of the first British doctors to die with the virus. According to the Guardian, his death - and that of another doctor, Adil El Tayar - has "intensified pressure" on ministers to accelerate the supply of protective equipment to staff. The Daily Mirror says doctors are "pleading", and the Daily Mail thinks Housing Secretary Robert Jenrick "faced a rough ride" over No 10's handling of the pandemic on Sunday. From elsewhere How to deal if everyone's anxiety is piling onto yours (Huffington Post) The fate of the news in the age of the coronavirus (New Yorker) 'He spat on his credit card': Retail workers fear shoppers behaving badly (Sydney Morning Herald) How supply chains jumped from business school and into our lives (Bloomberg) Sign up for a morning briefing direct to your phone Need something different? Who is really in control of your mind? BBC Ideas explains why the answer isn't quite as straightforward as you probably think. As the final episode of the BBC's gripping podcast Girl Taken is released, we speak to ex-soldier-turned-good-Samaritan Rob Lawrie who was drawn into a web of lies and life-changing events. Finally, read about why the BBC's Justin Rowlatt found a trip to Antarctica made him emotional, and ultimately hopeful. The piece also includes some truly stunning photographs of a barely-visited land.

إذا كنت ترغب في الحصول على هذا الموجز عبر البريد الإلكتروني، قم بالتسجيل هنا

إحاطة بشأن فيروس كورونا: المملكة المتحدة "ستة أشهر عن الوضع الطبيعي" والولايات المتحدة تمدد القيود

By Leo KelionTechnology desk editor Artificial intelligence, 5G, foldables, surveillance tech, 8K and robotics are set to be among this year's buzzwords. But also expect Trump to feature. The President's clashes with China have led some of the communist country's biggest tech firms to cancel or reduce their involvement in the Las Vegas event. But the prospect of an imminent trade deal points towards tensions easing and greater access to Chinese consumers. Ivanka Trump - the US leader's daughter - is also attending to give a "keynote" interview to CES chief Gary Shapiro. He once called on Americans to oppose her father because of "his racism and inanity". Now Mr Shapiro faces criticism himself for inviting Ivanka to discuss "the future of work". Critics claim she is benefiting from nepotism while better-qualified female tech champions are overlooked. But some of Silicon Valley's most powerful women are taking part. Apple's privacy chief Jane Horvath is making a rare public appearance. It's the first time her company has formally been involved in CES since it hawked its Newton handheld back in 1992. In addition, ex-Hewlett Packard chief Meg Whitman will co-host another keynote with former Dreamworks co-founder Jeffrey Katzenberg, to showcase Quibi. The platform aims to outmanoeuvre Netflix and Amazon on mobile with a range of 10-minute-long shows. But the reason CES generates so much interest is its gadgets. Here are our hot spots from this years show: SMART HOME Amazon and Google will once again be hiring out lots of floor space to spotlight products that tie into their virtual assistants. The success of their smart speakers helped global demand for net-connected home products grow by a healthy 24% in unit terms in 2019, according to research firm IDC. The challenge at this point is to pioneer new types of devices, rather than tweak what is already on the market. Bathroom specialist Kohler is already attracting attention for Moxie. The shower head integrates an Alexa-enabled speaker and microphone - but thankfully no camera. Meanwhile many of CES's smaller start-ups have looked to the kitchen for inspiration. Smartypans has a frying pan that checks the weight and temperature of ingredients before guiding you through the cooking process via an app. Inirv wants you to swap your cooker's knobs for its smart dials. They let owners turn up the heat via voice command, and automatically turn off the stove if it is left unattended for too long. And PantryOn aims to automate food shopping lists via smart shelves that monitor when a family's favourite groceries run low. The caveat is that its current prototypes look to be quite bulky, leaving less storage space as a result. Not all home tech requires an always-on net connection. BrightLock unlocks front doors by detecting a pattern of light pulses fired from a smartphone's flash. The idea is that you can easily share a light-based code with friends, tradesmen or others needing temporary access. Townew promises to liberate you from the toil of having to tie up rubbish bags. The bin self-seals sacks at the touch of a button, but requires you to be locked into buying the manufacturer's bin liner refills. And Lua wants to "turn your plant into a pet" with a sensor-packed pot that shows animated faces to let you know when your foliage is thirsty, or in need of sunlight. One theme to watch out for is the further rise of the pod, with a number of companies seeking to emulate Nespresso's coffee capsules. They include Tigout, whose machine makes bite-sized bakes and souffles, and AI-Plus Plantbox, a smart-farming appliance that turns pods full of seeds into small batches of vegetables and herbs. One further home-tech trend is smaller appliances for compact homes. Morus Zero is a countertop tumble dryer that uses a vacuum-based system to dry clothes. Its makers claim the technology makes it more energy-efficient than traditional heat-based models. But they may have to address concerns raised by some crowdfunder backers about whether it's possible to deliver what has been promised. DaanTech's Bob is another example, with what it claims is the world's smallest dishwasher. It only has space for two people's tableware. Surely the sink wouldn't take too much longer? There will be lots of new home security products too. Ring should expand its portfolio of thief-deterrent tech, but will this be the moment it upgrades its surveillance capabilities? Its parent Amazon has the AI know-how, but may be biding its time to avoid controversy. Others aren't hanging about. Amaryllo will promote Athena, a security camera that recognises people's voices and faces, to distinguish friends and family from strangers. Furthermore, it can recognise a fire from afar and raise the alarm. TELEVISIONS TVs have been at the heart of CES since its start. It looks like the big news this time will be a no-bezel edge-to-edge screen from Samsung and a flexible OLED model from LG that rolls down from the ceiling. The question for both is whether the impressive engineering involved comes at the cost of fragility. There's also likely to be a big push to take 8K mass-market. The tech features four times as many pixels as 4K sets and 16 times as many as 1080p screens. Tokyo's Summer Olympics are being filmed in the "super hi-vision" format, but it's still unclear which broadcasters will support it beyond Japan's NHK and Italy's Rai. With little other 8K content, TV-makers are under pressure to prove that their upscaling technologies noticeably enhance lower-resolution Blu-Ray disks and video-streams. It can take considerable computing smarts to do this well, but several companies say they have trained "deep learning" systems that are capable of the task. As if the differences between LED, OLED, QLED and microLED were not baffling enough, there will be a new technology in town: Mini-LED. This involves using smaller light-emitting diodes than normal, to illuminate a screen's colour pixels. This allows there to be more distinct lighting zones, which in turn should reduce the blooming effect you sometimes get when light spills from bright objects in a scene into surrounding darker areas. It won't produce the deep blacks of OLED, where each pixel is self-illuminating. Nor will it match microLED tech, where the diodes are so small they can be assigned to the pixels on a 1:1 basis. But it should deliver an impressive HDR (high dynamic range) picture at a relatively affordable price. TCL has confirmed it will launch Mini-LED TVs at CES, and other brands may do so too, even if they call them by another name. Also look out to see which brands adopt the new Filmmaker Mode. A number of Hollywood directors, including Martin Scorsese, James Cameron and Christopher Nolan, have spearheaded an initiative to let TVs display movies as their creators intended. At a single button push, motion-blurring is switched off, and the colours, frame rate and aspect ratio are all adjusted. LG, Panasonic and Vizio have already indicated they will adopt this in at least some new TVs. ROBOTS & AI Samsung's skunkworks unit Star Labs has teased Neon in the run-up to CES 2020. It is described as being an "artificial human" but little else has been confirmed beyond the fact it isn't intended to replace the firm's Bixby virtual assistant. All will be revealed on Monday. Other companies have been more forthcoming about their robo-plans. Picnic will show off a machine that can prepare up to 300 pizzas an hour, each with a customised set of toppings controlled by an app. The start-up has ambitions to extend into sandwiches, salads and tortillas soon, and is pitching the product at restaurant chains, rather than consumers. Other robots on show will be more focused on keeping us entertained, rather than concentrating on the workplace. China's Elephant Robotics will demo MarsCat. It's a kind of feline twist on Sony's robo-dog Aibo - it can play with toys, recognise its owner's voice and even interact with real cats. But what extends its appeal is that it runs off a Raspberry Pi, which means it is programmable and can be used to teach students to code AI applications. At the other end of the scale, Tombot will promote its robotic labrador puppy. The touch-sensitive machine is designed to provide comfort to residents in old people's homes, and others who would benefit from a pet, but cannot deal with a real animal. It has been designed by Jim Henson's Creature Shop - the team behind the Muppets - and is certainly cute, if limited in function. Pibo looks set to be a trickier sell. The humanoid robot with a camera in its mouth is being pitched at teenage girls. Marketing videos show it taking photos of them and their food, recording their diary entries and telling them it loves them. It seems odd and a little creepy. Yukai's Bocco robots may have a better chance of hitting the mark in the cuteness stakes. They offer a way for children to send and receive voice messages to their parents, and babble back in their own language if addressed themselves. They can also be paired with add-on sensors to disclose when a family member has arrived home, what the weather is doing and whether or not the front door was closed properly. Switching tack to software-focused AI, there's a tension between what can be done and how to prevent it. For example, facial recognition specialist Cyberlink will demo its latest capabilities. They include using its FaceMe system to determine the age, gender and emotional state of passers-by, to show them appropriate ads. But D-ID is seeking to frustrate facial recognition checks with a program that makes minor changes to photos, to prevent people being recognised by computers even though they remain identifiable to the human eye. It should give people a way to share images online with less risk of being tracked as a consequence. Elsewhere, Hour One will demo its synthetic character software. It uses AI to create the video and voices of computer-generated characters. In time, the company hopes to build up a bank of celebrities who will let their likenesses be leased to promote products, without the stars having to get directly involved. Mirriad will be holding private meetings to show off a system that lets TVs and movies add brand placements after they have been shot. Check out the results in our video above. And keeping it quirky, Getcoo will exhibit its crowdfunded Lego-scanner. The Piqabrick is a small cabinet that uses object recognition software to identify any part of the toy's vast library of pieces. TRANSPORT You can keep your self-driving cars (and there will be a lot of them). Manta5's Hydrofoil e-bike offers a new way to travel that's ready to roll - or at least glide. The water cycle's pedals push a propeller, and in the place of wheels there are wing-like parts that create more lift the faster the user cycles. The rider's efforts are aided by an electric motor, which can help the e-bike achieve speeds of up to 13mph (21 km/h). It's the first commercial product of its kind. But a decade's worth of R&D doesn't come cheap - each e-bike costs £5,800. Staying off-shore, there's a number of companies pitching underwater drones for recreational use, or as a way to aid fishing expeditions. But one aquatic vehicle has the potential to save lives. OceanAlpha's Dolphin1 is a remote-controlled lifebuoy designed to save people at risk of drowning. Rescuers can avoid putting themselves at risk by staying out of the sea, and may even be in a better position to keep the victim in sight as a result. Back on land, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Hyundai and Nissan are among the automakers promising to show off new concept designs. The Detroit Auto Show was previously held soon after CES. But this year it has shifted to June. That may give the car giants more scope to make real-world announcements, as well as show off dream designs. For now though, only the electric car start-ups Byton and Fisker are certain to show off new models destined for production. The former is hosting a press conference to demo the user interface of its forthcoming M-Byte four-wheel drive, which includes a "dark mode". The latter will show off its Ocean car to the public for the first time. It features a full-length solar panel roof to drip-feed the battery, although the tech is at least decades away from being capable of being the main power source. There will also be lots of chatter about new in-car infotainment experiences too. Honda has said it will unveil its own virtual assistant, which can be summoned with the wake words "OK Honda". LG will showcase webOS Auto, an operating system for internet-connected cars. It is based on the firm's much-commended smart TV system, but will face competition from the incumbents Apple Carplay and Android Auto. Meanwhile, Bosch has been teasing a new kind of 3D display for car dashboards that doesn't require the driver to wear special glasses. The firm claims that drivers' brains react more quickly to alerts as a consequence, in addition to it being able to show turnings on sat-nav maps more clearly. Elsewhere, scooter giant Segway Ninebot will demo a self-balancing, self-driving two-wheeler that can be summoned via an app. It will also seek feedback to the Apex - its first motorcycle, which it has yet to commit to putting on sale. And French start-up Wello hopes to attract interest for an unusual compact three-wheeler. It is designed for short journeys in which a single passenger is transported at up to 25mph (40km/h). HEALTH & WEARABLES Beyond headphones, the wearable tech market has never taken off to the degree the industry had hoped for, with the possible exceptions of Apple's Watch and, in Asia, Xiaomi's wristbands. Fitbit, once the dominant player, is set to be sold to Google, so may be quieter at this year's CES than in the past. But others are hoping to make headway by aiming above the arm. They include Human Capable, which will be showing off the Norm glasses. It says they will be able to make calls, show directions and recipes, and both shoot and play videos - so a less geeky-looking Google Glass for the 2020s. The start-up has already acknowledged problems with the noise-cancelling tech in the prototype it will exhibit, yet claims it will be able to launch a fixed product within months. Waverly Labs is back at the expo with its second take on language-translating earbuds. Ambassador lets up to four people chat by pairing their headsets to a single smartphone. When the BBC tested it last month, there was a 2-3 second delay, but the firm says 5G networks should help it deliver near-instantaneous interpretations soon. Plus, Ao Air has a face mask that looks like a cyberpunk movie prop. The Atmos uses a fan-based system to filter the air, and doesn't need a tight seal against the wearer's face. That means make-up shouldn't get smudged and glasses won't steam up, at least in theory. Feet also get a look-in at the show. Wahu is a pair of shoes that change the shape of their soles to suit the local environment. The goal is to produce extra grip or cushioning, as required. The trick will be keeping both shoes in synch. Staying with footwear, Shoeblast has a gadget that promises to prevent older shoes from stinking. The device uses a humidity sensor to judge how much heat and ultraviolet light to apply to sterilise trainers. Other body parts will be addressed by a new sex toys zone, which was created after last year's confusion about whether such products should be allowed on the show floor at all. And there are also all kinds of new ways to address our wider physical health. They include Bisu and Vivoo, rival pee-on-a-stick smart urine analysers. Both analyse the results to make diet and lifestyle change suggestions. Just make sure to wash your hands before using their apps. Meanwhile, EnvisionBody wants to help the public get fitter by showing them what they would look like if they did more exercise. It plans to work with gym equipment-makers to show idealised versions of users' physiques as they work out. Whatever the physical benefits, the firm will face questions as to what effect this would have on users' mental health. OTHERS And there's more. Impossible Foods' chief executive is hosting a press conference as well as headlining a high-profile dinner. He's already acknowledged work on a follow-up to the firm's plant-based beef substitute, so is it ready for mass consumption? Big smartphone news is typically held back for Mobile World Congress in February. But OnePlus will have a concept handset at CES that hides its rear cameras when they are not in use by electronically tinting an otherwise transparent glass panel above them. Samsung could also have more to disclose about a folding design it trailed in October. Others are working on ways to retrospectively turn existing handsets into foldables. The makers of the Castaway will show off progress on a flip-open case that doubles as a detachable second screen. And Pocket Display aims to go one better with an add-on that trebles the owners' view. Plenty of gadgets will be of even more questionable value. Does the world really want a circular handset? Is there truly a gap in the market for a table-in-a-suitcase? And are dog owners crying out for a harness to show them how their pet is feeling? These may seem like money-losing nightmares. But bad ideas are sometimes the stepping stones to good ones. So with that in mind, who can be sure that Procter & Gamble's Rollbot - a smartphone-controlled robot that fetches you more loo paper when you run out - might not go on to wonderful things after its CES 2020 debut?

ما مقدار التكنولوجيا التي يمكنك أخذها؟ يهدف الأسبوع المقبل إلى توسيع آفاقك، فضلاً عن سذاجتك، حيث يتم إطلاق الآلاف من المنتجات الجديدة وعرضها في معرض CES العملاق.

CES 2020: معاينة لتكنولوجيا الغد معروضة في لاس فيغاس

Northampton-born Henry George Gawthorn was one of the artists who created the five pre-war posters to promote East Anglia's seaside resorts. The artworks, produced between 1923 and 1947, will be sold at Swann Galleries. The colourful posters were commissioned by rail companies and displayed on station platforms and waiting rooms. In recent years the artworks have become increasingly fashionable, auctioneers said. In 2002, a poster produced by Henry George Gawthorn for the London and North Eastern Railway featuring St Andrews in Scotland, sold for more than £21,000, three times its top estimate.

من المتوقع أن تباع مجموعة من ملصقات السكك الحديدية القديمة بمبلغ 9000 جنيه إسترليني عندما يتم طرحها تحت المطرقة في نيويورك يوم الثلاثاء.

ملصقات السكك الحديدية الساحلية تتعرض للمطرقة في نيويورك

Walsall Manor Hospital said it reopened nearly all of its wards to visitors on Wednesday. But the visiting restriction remains on ward 4, as this still has some patients affected with the virus. The hospital urged visitors to stay away for at least 48 hours if they are, or have been, recently affected by vomiting and diarrhoea. It added if members of the public had been with a friend or family member who had shown symptoms either of vomiting or diarrhoea, they should not visit the hospital.

لا يزال أحد الأقسام مغلقًا أمام الزوار في مستشفى ويست ميدلاندز بعد تفشي فيروس النوروفيروس.

تم إغلاق جناح مستشفى والسال مانور أمام الزوار بسبب خطأ

Graphic designer Kieran Metcalfe, who lives in Cheshire, was crowned the winner among almost 1,500 entries with his photograph of Chrome Hill, in Derbyshire, looking towards Parkhouse Hill. He said: "I was thrilled to hear the image had been shortlisted, but I'm completely bowled over at it being selected by the judges as the overall winner." Here are a selection of other picturesque places that made the shortlist. Follow BBC East Midlands on Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram. Send your story ideas to [email protected].

تم الإعلان عن فوز لقطة مذهلة لمنطقة بيك في مسابقة التصوير الفوتوغرافي للاحتفال بالذكرى السبعين للمتنزهات الوطنية في المملكة المتحدة.

فازت بمسابقة المتنزهات الوطنية صورة بيك ديستريكت

By Douglas FraserBusiness/economy editor, Scotland The arguments now are political and constitutional. But what about the economic part of the debate? It mattered a lot last time. It will matter a lot if there's to be a next time. The sound of battle will be familiar, but significant parts of the weaponry have changed. If the combatants have any sense - by no means guaranteed - they'll have learned what worked in 2014, what risks being overworked, and what to avoid next time round. As a consequence, my hunch is that economics will play a lower profile role. The pro-union side will surely want to stick with the familiar, but the battleground that the pro-indy side is more likely to choose is: Finance and economy, however, is what I cover. So mindful that it is only one of the debating battlegrounds in play, what has changed? Trade Way back in 2014, it was assumed an independent Scotland would wish to stay in the European Union. If it did, it would have access to the single market with the other 28 countries, including the rest of the UK. There were disputes as to how easily an indy Scotland would secure EU membership. But apart from that, the proposition then seems relatively simple now. The question now is how fast an independent Scotland would get back into the European Union, or if it would prefer to settle for Norway-style access to the single market without membership - for a price. Supposing it did, then it could sell into that market of nearly 450 million Europeans, while making use of the EU's trading relationships around the world. But it currently sells four times more to the rest of the UK than it sells to the rest of Europe. The access it would have to the market across the Cheviots would depend on the deal struck between Downing Street and the Berlaymont. The European Commission would revert to speaking for Scotland on trade. So there could be a hard border between Scotland/Europe and England - not an impenetrable barrier, but an obstacle which brings hindrances, checks, paperwork, delays and perhaps tariffs. That probably wouldn't be the choice of the government in Edinburgh, but would result from decisions made by political leaders in Brussels or London. ("Probably"? Yes, it's a risky word to use. We simply don't know what would happen. As in the past two referendums, the choice ahead is between different varieties of uncertain future.) Currency The question of Scotland's currency is going to sound familiar. Using the pound, the euro, or a new Scottish currency? What seems to have gone quiet is talk of sharing control of sterling. That was the main target for pro-union attacks three years ago. Whoever was right, the focus on it didn't much help the pro-indy cause. This time, I'm hearing more talk about shadowing sterling, or firmly pegging a Scottish currency to sterling through a so-called currency board. It would keep transactions cheap and remove exchange rate uncertainty, but would leave Scotland's interest rates and the exchange value of its currency at the mercy of the Bank of England. As such, what would the European Union members make of it? EU rules require new members to prepare for euro membership. That requires them to run their own currency for at least two years, and have all the institutions that go with it, including a central bank. Could an independent Scotland simply ignore those rules, sign up without any intention of following through, or have its currency run from London, outside the European Union? EU members' deficits, meanwhile - and even outside the euro - should be under 3% of national output. This month's budget shows the UK budget has reached that level, but only after seven years of austerity. Scotland's most recent deficit figure, for 2015-16, was 9.5% of total output. Recent, very painful experience has made Europeans wary of those who flout such rules. If the euro project is to be sustained, the next phase will surely require firmer rules and tighter integration. Oil So how about that deficit? The most recent Gers figures - government expenditure and revenue, estimated by the Scottish government - show that 9.5% 2015-16 deficit is a shortfall of £15 billion. That may be affordable in the short run, if that money can be borrowed, possibly at a premium interest rate. But without superlative economic growth, it's not sustainable. To be clear, that is a measure of how much spending is out of kilter with revenue. What it's not is a measure of Scotland's economic strength or weakness. Much of it is a transfer, not from the Treasury, but from the bond markets, where the Treasury also depends on borrowing big. Or looked at another way, it's a transfer from future taxpayers. Nor is it a position that would remain fixed in an independent Scotland. Having built the independence case on Gers figures in 2014, true believers now seek to undermine them. They might be the starting point, it is conceded, but imagine what might follow. Indeed. Imagine. The deficit would force choices - of higher tax or lower spending, or whatever it would take to grow the economy a lot faster. A lot of these numbers have to do with oil. Scotland's public finances have looked more sustainable when offshore tax from beneath its seabed has been factored in. The 2014 prospectus for independence highlighted preceding years of bumper oil tax revenue, at more than £10 billion. The one-year snapshot for the an independent Scotland's first year, 2016-17, put offshore revenues at between £6.8bn and £7.9bn. The reality, with the oil price more than halved, is that tax revenues have gone slightly negative. Net, they're tax allowances. This year, the oil price has firmed up. UK production is rising, following heavy investment. But it's not expected to be accompanied by much of an uplift in tax revenue - not with lower tax rates, more tax breaks, and more still being urged by the Scottish National Party. Annual take might reach £1bn in each of the next five years, says the Office for Budget Responsibility, but the days when oil was a gusher of tax revenue are in the past now. Growth So how will the pro-independence cause handle those fiscal gaps (apart from focussing instead on identity, values and democracy)? Without tax increases or spending cuts which Labour describes as "turbo-charged austerity", the only alternative is growth. It wasn't clearly spelled out in 2014 how growth would be boosted. If there is a transmission mechanism from "more powers" to making the right policy decisions, implementing them effectively and achieving a turbo-charged growth rate, then it wasn't revealed. It might be easier to achieve if there weren't competing priorities, such as increased public spending commitments or reducing inequality. The growth commission set up by Nicola Sturgeon and led by former MSP and economist Andrew Wilson is trying to figure out a way through this. It was Wilson who admitted recently that the "oil is a bonus" argument in 2014 was untrue. Those oil revenues were "baked in" to the Scottish government's figures, he said. In that same interview, with my BBC colleague Sarah Smith, Andrew Wilson gave some other broad hints about his direction of travel. It is towards honesty and candour about choices, and the difficulties an independent Scotland would face, at least initially. If Nicola Sturgeon is to choose a referendum, he said, "she wants it to be on the basis of an exposition which is honest, transparent, full of content". "We can be absolutely certain that when people come to choose, they'll have more certainty, more information, more of a sense of what the future might hold than probably in any other vote that they've had," says Wilson. "What's also true is that the world is an uncertain place, so one of the great judgements we all have to make is in the face of such uncertainty, such tumult in the world at present, what do we do to look after ourselves and how do we protect our interests and secure ourselves? And that probably will be the core tone of any vote, should it come to it." Campaign rhetoric His comments reflect one of the challenges now facing the pro-independence campaign in the wake of a Brexit and a Trump campaigns. In those, wild, unsubstantiated and deliberately misleading claims were made. For both Brexiteers and the new US president, reality is now biting. Voters can see what happens when campaign rhetoric about getting easy results from future negotiations meets the harsh reality of well-prepared negotiating adversaries. So "the Mexicans will pay for the wall", "Germans will do anything to ensure they can still sell Brits BMWs" and "Westminster will give Scotland whatever we ask" all meet scepticism. Wilson reckons the Scottish electorate will now demand a higher quality prospectus. Yet there are plenty who think that a prospectus with far less detail than the 'Scotland's Future' white paper would serve the cause better. That's an interesting campaign dilemma. Uncertainty All this is to suggest that the campaign will be defined by the pro-independence cause, and the question marks over its prospectus. Of course, it won't. And what has changed most from 2014 is that the pro-union side is also offering an uncertain future, located somewhere in the political and economic unknown. If there's to be a second independence referendum, it will not offer voters the choice of the status quo, but of Scotland either out of the EU, or out of the UK, or perhaps out of both. Thus, when pro-union campaigners challenge nationalists on their future trading arrangements, the UK has even less clarity. When they challenge on currency, that's after the Brexit vote pushed sterling over a cliff, fuelling import-driven inflation. When they challenge on the fiscal black hole, that's with the UK government having repeatedly broken its own fiscal rules, and running up a debt now heading for £2 trillion. And when the Prime Minister says the Scottish government has "tunnel vision", that it's treating politics like a game, that a referendum will be divisive and create uncertainty, and that Holyrood ministers should get back to improving public services… well, all the same criticisms could be levelled at the Westminster government and Brexit. Related Internet Links Scottish Government

حملة indyref2 جارية بالفعل. هل توقفت يوما ما؟ هل ستتوقف يوما ما؟

Indyref2: الأسئلة الاقتصادية

By Faisal IslamEconomics editor In a letter, seen by the BBC, chairwoman of the Wellcome Trust Lady Eliza Manningham-Buller, asks the new PM to up investment spending in science to German levels, and to ensure that immigration policy was "more welcoming" to top scientists. The Wellcome Trust is responsible for £1bn of funding a year, and should be a key part of Boris Johnson's vision of the UK as a "science superpower". Its chairwoman told the BBC that while she agrees that there is a great prize to be grasped she is anxious about the damage she says Brexit has done to recruiting scientists. "While we do collaborative work of course with the US and areas outside Europe, Australia, Singapore, other countries - and those matter - the vast bulk of the collaborations are with Europe. "And if we amputate them, or make those collaborations difficult or harder to do - we will be the loser," she said. She pointed specifically to a 50% drop in applicants from the European Union to study at the Sanger Institute in Cambridge, the institute that mapped a third of the human genome. 'Tipping point' In the letter sent to the prime minister, Lady Manningham-Buller specifically addressed the issue of a no-deal Brexit: "Wellcome spends around £1bn a year to support research, and most of our money is spent in the UK because it has a thriving sector. "Leaving the EU without a deal is a threat to that. I am afraid that some damage has already been done, with loss of researchers, and influence," she wrote. Lady Manningham-Buller - a former director general of MI5 - said that Brexit may offer an opportunity for the UK to set global standards in new emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence and genomic medicine, but her central message to the new prime minister was that his vision of global science leadership was difficult to reconcile with a no-deal Brexit. Speaking on BBC Radio 4's Today programme, she warned the UK's position as a "scientific superpower" could be threatened. Lady Manningham-Buller said: "We have an opportunity to build the science base here, to spend the sort of money our competitors are doing, to do a whole range of things. "But we are at a tipping point. If we don't do some of those things, if we make the UK unfriendly to scientists overseas, the damage that has already been done in the last three years by the uncertainty of Brexit will be compounded." Sir Paul Nurse, director of the Crick Institute partly funded by the Wellcome Trust, and a Nobel Prize winner, predicted to the BBC that Mr Johnson would see that his ambition for a thriving science sector was not coherent with no-deal Brexit. "They are not compatible. And when Boris looks, he will increasingly be aware, if he listens to the people who do know about this it is not compatible. "His speech was great, we welcome it. What he is trying to do though is the complete opposite. He, over coming months, will learn to recognise that, not only for science but for the economy and I think he will change his position." Downing Street said the prime minister was committed to supporting the UK's science sector so it can take advantage of opportunities outside the EU. A spokesperson said Mr Johnson wanted to see the UK offer the "best environment for cutting edge scientific research", and "welcome brilliant scientific talent". They added: "He has also been clear that we will continue to attract the brightest and best people from around the world."

كتب رئيس أكبر ممول خيري للبحث العلمي في المملكة المتحدة إلى رئيس الوزراء الجديد بوريس جونسون يدعم رؤيته لقطاع علمي مزدهر، لكنه حذر من أن ترك الاتحاد الأوروبي دون اتفاق يمثل "تهديدًا لذلك".

يقول صندوق ويلكوم ترست إن خروج بريطانيا من الاتحاد الأوروبي بدون صفقة "يهدد" صناعة العلوم في المملكة المتحدة

The work to renovate half of the existing Motorboat Museum to turn it into a new Green Centre should be completed by next spring. The theme of the centre will be sustainability in the Basildon area. It will include the geological and social history of the district. The project will be financed with £1m from the government's Thames Gateway Parklands scheme. The scheme has also received £200,000 from the Veolia Pitsea Marshes Trust.

بدأ إنشاء مركز بيئي جديد بقيمة 1.2 مليون جنيه إسترليني وجذب الزوار في Wat Tyler Country Park بالقرب من باسيلدون.

بدء العمل في مركز البيئة بالقرب من باسيلدون

Section of Tamil and Sinhala diaspora gathered at a London street on Tuesday called upon the Sri Lankan government and the LTTE to stop violence while President Mahinda Rajapakse was attending the Conference of Commonwealth Heads of State. The protests were coincided with the Conference of Commonwealth Heads of State which met at the Marlborough House to discuss reform of World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF). The protest ‘Sri Lankans Against Terrorism’ led by the Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP) against the LTTE and its acts of terrorism was held opposite the Commonwealth Secretariat in London. A Parallel protest was held jointly by Tamil, and International organizations calling Sri Lanka government to stop the war in the same venue. The two protests held side by side on the Pall Mall were peaceful and lasted for about two hours amidst police presence. Sri Lankans Against Terrorism comprising of Sri Lanka Peace Forum, Tamil Peace Foundation, Sri Lanka, Muslim Forum Actions Group of Sri Lanka, Tamil Sangam-UK, Sri Lankans Without Borders call upon the friends in the UK and the Commonwealth to assist in bringing democracy to Northern Province still under the clutches of the Tamil Tigers and support democracy in Sri Lanka challenged by Tamil Tiger Terrorism. They also called upon them to exert pressure on the Tamil Tigers to disarm and enter the democratic process and prevent them from raising funds on British and Commonwealth countries. While asking concerted action against Tamil Tiger front organisations they call upon Commonwealth Heads of Government to support Rajapakse government’s commitment to the strengthening of democracy and finding a political solution. The protest against the Sri Lankan government was organised by the British Tamils Forum, Nava Sama Samaja Party (UK), International Socialist Group Socialist Party, Tamil Youth Organization, South Asia Solidarity Group and Solidarity for Peace. They called upon the government to stop the war, recognise Tamils’ self-determination, and create a ‘Safe Haven’ to protect innocent Tamil civilians from indiscriminate aerial bombardment. Impose International arms embargo, and economic sanctions (Do not grant GSP +) and force Sri Lanka to cut war budget and feed the masses were among their demands from the Commonwealth Heads of government.

ولم يفصل بين الجانبين إلا خط رفيع

"أوقفوا العنف" - حث سكان لندن

Ten of the passengers survived, but five people are still missing, after the accident in Beni Suef region, they said. The state news agency had put the death toll at 43, but then revised it to 22. Transport accidents are common in Egypt, often blamed on poor maintenance and a lack of regulation. A security official told the Associated Press that the minibus had slid off the ferry because the emergency brake was not on. Another report said the bus fell off the ferry after it crashed into the shore. Rescuers were sent to the scene, some 70 miles (110km) south of Cairo.

قال مسؤولون إن حافلة صغيرة تقل نحو 32 مشيعا، سقطت من عبارة على نهر النيل في مصر، مما أسفر عن مقتل 17 شخصا على الأقل.

مصر: حادث العبارة على نهر النيل يسفر عن مقتل 17 شخصا على الأقل

By Paul Harrison and Kerry AllenBBC News Tang Shuai was simply trying to improve legal knowledge among the deaf community when he posted the video on China's WeChat messaging app in February. It was an instant hit. Mr Tang was flooded with so many friend requests that he had to ask WeChat to boost the friend limit from 5,000 to 10,000. So why did it strike such a chord? The answer goes way beyond legal difficulties and into the complex world of sign language in China. Language barriers There are two types of sign language in the country. Chinese Sign Language (CSL) is taught in schools and used by most interpreters and instructors. It is the standardised version of the language, tied closely to the written language. But day-to-day, many deaf people also use natural sign language. The language has grown and evolved over time, and changes from region to region. This has led to misunderstandings in courtrooms - and some dire consequences for deaf people - which Mr Tang is well placed to understand. He was born to deaf parents in Chongqing in south-west China, and can understand both forms of sign language. But he tells the BBC that his parents were initially hesitant about him learning. "My parents didn't like me studying sign language at first," Mr Tang says. "I had no choice but to quietly sneak into my parents' factory, to learn with the deaf ladies and gentlemen there," explaining that many of the workers were deaf themselves. He picked up more skills by visiting the popular Chaotianmen tourist area. "Many deaf people from outside of the city come there. It was possible for me to learn many different versions of sign language," he says. Lost in translation Before becoming a lawyer, Mr Tang worked for six years as a sign language interpreter in Chinese courts. He studied law after realising many deaf people knew little about their legal rights. He tells of one notable case, where he defended a man suspected of theft. "When I went to the city detention centre to meet [my client] I used natural sign language. He was surprised to see that I could communicate with him...then he told me, 'I can't understand much of the sign language used by the [police] interpreters'." Mr Tang said additional sign language lawyers were brought in to assess mistakes in the translation of evidence given earlier in the case, and the court ruled his client was innocent of one of the original charges. After the case, the judge told Mr Tang the case highlighted the "many problems, where deaf people are involved, in the translation of sign language." You might also like: Defending the voiceless Mr Tang wanted to do more to help the deaf community. Despite a significant expansion in access to education, some deaf Chinese are still targeted by financial scam organisers. Stories of deaf people who lost fortunes in scams prompted Mr Tang to launch the video series that shot him to social media fame. Financial scams are thriving in many parts of China as organisers target vulnerable communities with the promise of employment or lucrative returns for direct sales. Victims are promised rewards if they recruit more investors into the operation. The schemes operate by attracting new investors, with some of the funds paid back to early joiners. Experts say the Chinese schemes are different to Western versions due to the lack of sophistication of the investors involved. Mr Tang outlined the pitfalls of Ponzi schemes by telling the story of a wolf that cheats rabbits by promising to give them high returns on their investments - for every 10 carrots they invested each month, he would give them four carrots as profit. When word got out, more rabbits would give their carrots to the wolf but in the end, the wolf conned them all by running away with their carrots. Mr Tang's video was praised not only by deaf people in China, but netizens and even the national media. He became an online celebrity almost overnight, with many outlets dubbing him the spokesperson for "those in the world that are voiceless". Now he uses his expertise to promote legal awareness among the deaf community, alongside his full-time job as a lawyer. He set up a public WeChat account for his video series to provide education on key legal issues. He also set up a legal welfare service to give face-to-face consultations using video calls. After being inundated with requests for legal assistance - and because of the lack of signing lawyers in China - he started training sessions for deaf people who want to forge a career in law. According to media reports, Mr Tang has hired five deaf graduates from a local university and is training them to provide legal guidance to deaf people. Deaf people aren't the only ones empowered by his videos. Mr Tang has inspired thousands of hearing people, with many saying they now want to learn sign language. "I hope that sign language can be as important as a foreign language in our national education system," one Weibo user says.

عندما نشر أحد المحامين مقطع فيديو بلغة الإشارة حول خطر مخططات بونزي، انتشر منشوره على نطاق واسع وتواصل مئات من الصم مع مشاكلهم القانونية، من الاحتيال إلى العنف المنزلي. لقد اكتشف مجتمعًا ضخمًا يحتاج إلى المساعدة.

محامي لغة الإشارة الذي أصبح نجم وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي

Police said the victim was 49-year-old Taras Nykolyn, died at HMP Woodhill in Milton Keynes on 5 June. A preliminary port-mortem investigation found he died from head and facial injuries. Three men, aged 32, 33 and 36, were arrested on suspicion of murder and have been released under investigation back into the prison system. Thames Valley Police said its investigations were continuing. Woodhill is a Category A jail which has about 800 prisoners.

تم الكشف عن اسم السجين الذي قُتل في السجن بعد "مشاجرة" بين أربعة رجال.

وفاة سجين HMP Woodhill: رجل يدعى تاراس نيكولين

The meeting was arranged by Western Province Governor, Alavi Moulana, a senior leader of ruling Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP). Bandaranaike and two other ministers were sacked by the President Rajapaksa on Friday. The former minister strongly criticised the Rajapaksa government after he was sacked. He was happy not to be a part of 'hellish' government led by Rajapaksa, Bandaranaike told BBC Sandeshaya. Rajapaksa told a special SLFP Ex-co meeting that a group of dissidents conspired to assassinate him.

التقت وزيرة التراث الوطني السابقة، أنورا باندارانايكي، بالرئيس ماهيندا راجاباكسا في محاولة للمصالحة بعد التطورات الأخيرة.

أنورا تلتقي بالرئيس

James Comey told a Senate Intelligence Committee hearing that he was "confused and concerned" by the remark. He said it was one of the reasons he felt compelled to announce his findings into the case. The email controversy dogged Mrs Clinton's presidential campaign. Some say it was responsible for her election defeat. Mr Comey announced last July that an investigation into Mrs Clinton's use of a private email server while she was secretary of state would be closed without prosecution. "At one point the attorney general directed me not to call it an investigation but instead to call it a matter, which confused me and concerned me," Mr Comey told senators. Donald Trump has alleged that Mrs Lynch agreed to let Mrs Clinton off the hook in return for the promise that she would keep her job if the Democrat won the election and became president.

قال وزير العدل الأمريكي السابق لوريتا لينش، إنه أمر رئيس مكتب التحقيقات الفيدرالي آنذاك بالإشارة إلى التحقيق في رسائل البريد الإلكتروني لهيلاري كلينتون على أنه "مسألة" وليس تحقيقا.

كومي "مرتبك" من أمره بالإشارة إلى التحقيق في البريد الإلكتروني لكلينتون باعتباره "مسألة"

Why have the shows been cancelled? What's happened is that we've been dong these events for the last 10 years [and this time] I think we've pushed it into the next phase of what Secret Cinema is. The ambition is great for this show and even though we were able to get the site ready in terms of of overall build, we've not been able to get to the point that we've needed to satisfy various parties. Who are the various parties? The local authority. Basically we're working with our landlords and the local council, which is Newham. Secret Cinema is a very different kind of experience to a normal concert or show, and it has taken longer to demonstrate to them so they are happy. Was the situation that you tried to get permission every day, and every day the council would come back late in the day and say "no"? I've got nothing against the local authority, I know they just want to really understand the show and we're really close to that. They're being incredibly helpful and constructive. But it's difficult, it's challenging, when you're doing something new for them to understand. There were reports of health and safety issues. What can you say about that? The allegations and stories going around online - I appreciate how unbelievably disappointed and frustrated people must feel. It's absolutely heartbreaking, but we've built a town in east London [and] the requirements that were placed on us... We've never had a problem in the past but we are working tirelessly to get this show running. Will Saturday night's event go ahead? I've made a decision that we're going to cancel all this weekend's shows. I believe we could open tomorrow, absolutely, but I don't want to give any more false promises. I would like to compensate that audience in terms of refunding their tickets or moving their tickets over. Why have you left it so late to give notice of the cancellations? It's not always nice working in live events and creating theatre shows out in the open. I've been close to the wire before - it's pretty much always close to the wire. We had thunderstorms for three or four nights last week [but] we believed we were going to open tonight, we believed we were going to open last night and we were working all the way up to the last point we could. Will you refund people who've paid for train tickets and hotels to attend the show? We are able to give refunds to those that want refunds and we are dealing with a case-by-case scenario to those who have travelled from overseas.

تحدث فابيان ريجال، مؤسس Secret Cinema، حصريًا لموقع بي بي سي نيوز عن "الفشل في تلبية المتطلبات الفنية" والذي تسبب في الإلغاء المستمر للعرض الشامل لفيلم الخيال العلمي لعام 1985 "العودة إلى المستقبل".

مؤسس Secret Cinema "يعمل بلا كلل"

Emergency services were called to Marine Parade in Clacton-on-Sea at about 10:30 BST after a man in his 60s was spotted in the water. Paramedics and an air ambulance arrived but the man was pronounced dead at the scene. Essex Police confirmed it was investigating and said officers were "treating this as unexplained but not suspicious at this stage".

توفي رجل بعد انتشاله من البحر بالقرب من رصيف كلاكتون.

وفاة رجل تم انتشاله من البحر بالقرب من رصيف كلاكتون

The film, which also stars Bruce Willis and Arnold Schwarzenegger, took £3.9m in its opening weekend. Angelina Jolie's Salt went straight into second place with takings of £2.1m, followed by Toy Story. The week's other new releases - Piranha 3D and Marmaduke - were in fourth and fifth places respectively. Inception fell five places this week from number two down to sixth place. Tom Cruise and Cameron Diaz's action movie Knight And Day was at number seven in its third week and The Last Airbender followed in eighth place. Step Up 3D and The Sorcerer's Apprentice rounded off this week's top 10.

أنهى فيلم الحركة The Expendables للمخرج سيلفستر ستالون، في أسبوعه الأول، هيمنة Toy Story 3 على صدارة شباك التذاكر في المملكة المتحدة.

فيلم The Expendables يتصدر شباك التذاكر في المملكة المتحدة

By Steven McKenzieBBC Scotland Highlands and Islands reporter Donald McColville's peace-time work can be found across north east Scotland. The engineer, who died in 1978, was involved in the planning and construction of secondary schools in Elgin, Forres and Nairn. He was also involved in building Glenlatterach Reservoir, which has supplied water to Elgin since 1957, and a refurbish of Royal Naval Air Station Lossiemouth. But it was a hard fought for legacy. A Royal Engineer during World War II, Mr McColville returned home from Germany in 1946 seriously ill and spent three years in hospital before lifesaving surgery in London. Despite the procedure, which took five months to complete and without drugs that would later become available, he continued to have problems breathing but refused to let his health stop him from working. Born in Yorkshire, Mr McColville grew up in Scotland and Wales. His father had been a sapper in World War I and after the outbreak of World War II he followed his example by becoming a soldier in an engineering unit. Posted to Findhorn on the Moray coast, he served as a corporal before being told to undertake officer training. Mr McColville twice resisted the order, preferring instead to remain in the ranks and the hands on work of building Bailey Bridges at Findhorn Bay. When he was given no choice but to train as an officer, he excelled in the tests and eventually rose to the rank of major. Visits to Elgin while based in Findhorn led him to meet local garage owner's daughter, Margaret McIntosh. Love blossomed and they were married in Elgin in 1943. Mrs McColville served as an Army driver in London, Aberdeen and Glasgow, drawing on years of experience of being behind the wheel having driven cars since she was 14. Now 89 and living in Nairn, near Inverness, she has clear memories of life on the home front and after the war. However, much of her husband's war-time work remains a mystery. It was years after the war before Mrs McColville learned of her husband's work collecting soil samples from beaches along the French coast. He spoke of having to make his way to shore from a boat unaided and having never previously swam. Evidence of expeditions to Normandy were carefully covered up, but left at Pas-de-Calais to trick the Germans. Mrs McColville said: "I can't really remember how it came out that he had gone over the Channel to collect samples of sand. "Even when he did mention it he did not say much about it. But I imagine it would have been very dangerous work." Mrs McColville added: "You couldn't talk about these things during the war - it was very hush, hush. After the war the men did not talk much about what had happened. "Also, you were caught up with other things, raising a family and working." For Mrs McColville, the focus after the war was her family and working as school secretary. She was also organiser for a hospital car service. With 22 volunteer drivers from Speyside to the Moray coast, it complemented the ambulance service by taking patients to hospitals in Inverness and Aberdeen. Mr McColville needed two years to recuperate from his operation. Doctors told him he would never work again and he faced a future of sitting at home on a pension of just £21 a month. His wife said: "Thanks to sympathetic employers he was able to return to work. Donald had always been determined to do so. "The doctors told him that he would never work again and to go home and live the life of a retired gent." Andrew Whitmarsh, development officer at the D-Day Museum in Portsmouth, said the operations carried out by men such as Donald were among the less well-known elements of the D-Day preparations. He said: "The planning for D-Day was extensive and the gathering of information started years before the landings. "It included an appeal put out on the BBC for people to send in holiday postcards and photographs of the French coast, so the Allied commanders could find exits off the beaches. "The Allies also needed to know the consistency of the beaches. It was important that they checked that the sand could take the weight of tanks and other vehicles. "The troops had to get off the beaches as quickly as possible and could not become bogged down and stall the landings." Several beaches were targeted by the samplers, both in an effort to find suitable sites and also to confuse German commanders about where landings might happen. Mr Whitmarsh said: "They would approach the shore in small boats with silenced engines, before swimming or going in a canoe over the final distance. "To take the samples they would turn an auger screw into the beach and put sand into pots, and then head back to England." He added: "It was dangerous. Hitler had executed the commando order several years earlier. "It meant men captured working alone were treated as spies and executed and not taken prisoner." Mrs McColville believes her husband took the risks in his stride. She said: "Donald loved being a soldier. I think there were few times when he was happier."

في مثل هذا اليوم قبل 68 عامًا، اقتحمت قوات الحلفاء شواطئ نورماندي. جاء الهجوم البرمائي بعد سنوات من التخطيط الذي شمل جمع عينات من التربة والرمل من مواقع الهبوط المحتملة بواسطة مجموعة مختارة من الرجال. وتبقى قصصهم غير مروية إلى حد كبير.

عينات الرمال "المنسية" من D-Day

By Neil PriorBBC News These are two of the questions up for debate at a new exhibition at the National Library of Wales, Aberystwyth. From ancient Brythonic warlord to mythical chivalric king with a court anywhere from Wales to Glastonbury or as far north as Scotland - it is hard to separate myth, legend and fact. According to curator Dr Maredudd ap Huw, these unknowns lie at the heart of King Arthur's enduring appeal. "The beauty of Arthur is that he was - indeed, according to some 'is' - whoever you want him to be," said Dr ap Huw. "There is some early evidence to suggest that there was an Arthur in the 4th or 5th Centuries. "Though in all likelihood he was very far removed from the romantic depictions of (writers) Thomas Malory and Alfred, Lord Tennyson." However, just how Welsh he would have been is a "moot point", Dr ap Huw added. Before the Saxons drove the Brythonic people (Celtic Britons) west and north, there was no recognised entity of an independent Wales, making his nationality hard to ascertain. The exhibition brings together all the crucial texts which have informed our perception of Arthur for more than a millennium. One of the exhibits is the 13th Century Book of Aneirin, which includes a 6th Century poem describing a battle near what is now Catterick in North Yorkshire. Dr ap Huw said one reference in it is extremely telling. A young Brythonic hero called Gwawrddur is described as fighting valiantly against the Saxons "although he was no Arthur". "It is possible to infer (from this) that the legend of Arthur as a fearsome warlord was already well-established by the 6th Century," Dr ap Huw added. But the man who drew all the threads together and introduced Arthur's wife Guinevere, his sword Excalibur and the Knights of the Round Table was Geoffrey of Monmouth. Dr ap Huw describes the 12th Century writer as "the most influential author in the history of Wales". "Forget Dylan Thomas, what Geoffrey wrote had a far more profound impact on world thinking and the perception of Arthur as a Welsh hero," he said. "Writing in Latin, his ideas rapidly spread throughout Europe, and via Chretien De Troyes, fed into the French-Norman ideals of chivalric kingship. "Geoffrey claimed as his source an ancient Welsh manuscript which was then lost, never to be found. Read into that what you will, but what is certainly true to say is that it is still essentially Geoffrey's version of King Arthur which we are taught as children, right up to the present day." Arthur's castle Camelot and other characters such as the wizard Merlin are then referenced in the 13th Century Black Book of Carmarthen. There he is described as "a war veteran who has lost his wits in battle in Scotland, and has developed the gift of being able to talk to animals". But it was not until the 15th and 16th Century that "Arthur Mania" reached its heights after William Caxton published Thomas Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur. While Geoffrey of Monmouth set Camelot in the former Roman stronghold of Caerleon, near Newport, Malory anchored it as a thoroughly English tale. So much so that King Henry VII named his eldest son Arthur in honour of the legend. By 1534, Polydore Vergil's Anglica Historia had debunked much of Geoffrey of Monmouth's work, and cast doubt on the very existence of a historical Arthur at all. "Virgil's account wasn't wholly accepted. John Prise - a lawyer for Thomas Cromwell - published a rebuttal in defence of Arthur, but by then the historiographic interest in Arthur was already fatally damaged. "That's not to say we'd forgotten about him altogether. Edmund Spencer's Faerie Queene drew heavily on Arthurian tradition and, when it was presented to Queen Elizabeth I in 1590, she was so delighted that she awarded him a pension of £50 a year for life," Dr ap Huw said. "But by then Arthur had become a Britannia or Gloriana-type figurehead for a nation. "The historical Arthur was dead…though there are some who say he never died, and is simply waiting to wake again when his country needs him."

من هو الملك آرثر وكيف كان ويلزي؟

الملك آرثر: ويلزية أم إنجليزية أم بريثونية أم مختلقة؟

By Mark McGregorBBC News, Great Manchester Run There was no escaping the jarring new addition to this year's Great Manchester Run: armed police. By the start line, down side streets, even on rooftops. Their presence was felt everywhere. Indeed, early arrivals into the city were greeted with more officers than runners, their black uniforms standing stark against the sea of balloons and colour on Portland Street, where the annual 10k race begins. But we knew why they were necessary. The UK terror threat may just have been downgraded from critical to severe but the terrible events of Monday are still too raw, too close for anyone in Manchester to object to armed police on our streets. If runners were anxious by the presence though, few showed it. The smiles of anticipation were still there on the faces of those determined to enjoy the day. Laughter among groups of friends and running clubs still rang out above the general buzz of the start pens. Earlier, as the crowd built and more and more runners streamed off Metrolink trams to head to the start line - and their upcoming battle with the road and clock - some admitted to lingering nerves. "It crosses your mind about something happening," says Kathryn, from Chorlton in south Manchester, who was running in memory of her parents and also to honour the victims of the attack. "However, if it's going to happen there's nothing you can do about it. So we just have to keep going - and that's what we will do." Carmel Jacobs, from Bolton, brought her children Dhilan, eight, and four-year-old Sahana to take part in the junior run - and cheer on husband Marcus in the earlier half marathon. "Earlier on in the week we weren't going to bring these two," she says, gesturing to the children. "But actually in the end we thought 'no, we're going to come'. And I'm really pleased we did." Rhys Jacob, 36, from Marple Bridge, also ran the half but decided not bring his wife and daughter to cheer him on, admitting to a "little bit" of nervousness about the security situation. "It was quite emotional at the start. There was a minute's silence… and then we got going and everyone got it into it - and it felt good," he says, describing the level of security as reassuring. For many, running is the ultimate solitary sport. You versus the road with just your mind and body to propel you forward. But events like these are more than that. The power of thousands of people competing against themselves, together, can be a humbling experience. And the Great Manchester Run is more than a run, it's a celebration of people. Every year, you see it in the faces of the spectators roaring their loved ones to the finish line on Deansgate, one of the main thoroughfares through the city centre. You see joy, belief. Above all, pride. You see it on the thousands upon thousands of "I'm running for" signs on the backs of runners to celebrate the lives of loved-ones they've lost, or the people who've helped them in their darkest hours. Today was different. Most simply read: "Manchester". This determination to celebrate the city was echoed by many of those taking part. They included Brian Leigh, 47, from Sale, who was clear on what he wanted from the day. "Just to soak the atmosphere up, feel the love from the crowd," he beams. "We're proud Mancunians so we just want to be here for the day really and show our solidarity." Foremost in everyone's minds as we anxiously waited to cross the start line was honouring the victims of Monday, and thinking of those who continue to lie in hospital beds across this city and its surrounding boroughs. Another Chorlton runner, Claire, 34, says she was running for Manchester Children's Hospital because it's "more important than ever to support them". "And I think it's important for those of us in Manchester that we're carrying on with life as normal and getting [out there] together," she adds, before heading to the start line to join the first wave of runners. In that first group there was a new addition to proceedings from previous years - poet Tony Walsh, aka "Longfella", whose This is the Place recital folded even the hardest of hearts at the vigil for victims earlier in this difficult week. As pre-run nerves turned inevitably to thoughts of those affected by the arena attack, he had more inspirational words in new poem, "Do Something". And as he urged all of us to "do something to show them what you're made of, beat something you're afraid of", I looked around and saw determination in the faces of those listening. Most of us, I'm sure, found an extra reserve of energy to take on those personal battles. And then we were off, a horn sending thousands of people forward down Portland Street and out towards Chester Road and Manchester United's Old Trafford Stadium, the thoughts now on finishing the race. The crowds were noticeably thinner, both on the way out to Salford Quays and the home straight up Deansgate. That was perhaps inevitable, given what this city has just been through. But their power was not diminished. Personally, I was struggling in the last few hundred metres with heavy legs and a rapidly escaping target time when a man running for the Alzheimer's Society shouted, suddenly: "Come On Manchester, get us home." The roar was simply deafening.

ولعدة ساعات مرعبة من ليلة الاثنين، ظل سكان مدينة مانكون مذهولين في صمت عندما علمنا أن 22 شخصًا ذهبوا إلى حفل لموسيقى البوب ولم يعودوا إلى منازلهم أبدًا. ولكن اليوم، بينما احتشد عشرات الآلاف من المتسابقين والمتفرجين في وسط المدينة للمشاركة في سباق الجري الكبير السنوي، هتفت مانشستر.

سباق مانشستر العظيم: "أنا أركض من أجل المدينة"

By Lindsay BrownNewsbeat reporter "For every person who dies, around eight to ten people are significantly affected," psychotherapist Julia Samuel tells Radio 1 Newsbeat. Restrictions on going to funerals and rules around household mixing mean the normal support networks might not be as easy to reach. Here's what you can do to help someone dealing with grief. Show up consistently "Your friend will need your support for a lifetime," Amber Jeffrey says. Amber set up the Grief Gang podcast and Instagram page after her mum Sue died. She says the idea was to reach out to others like her. The 23-year-old suggests being specific when offering help. "Don't use the phrase 'let me know if you need anything' - instead just do something. "So be like, 'I'm not going to ask you what you need, I'm going to bring round a lasagne and leave it on your doorstep, or pick up your washing'." She says anything that makes life easier for the person grieving is likely to be a big help. Listen more than you speak "The single best thing we can do as a friend is to listen - whether that's on the phone, Zoom or Snapchat," Julia says. "Listen five times more than you talk. As a friend we feel we have to fix it and make it better, but then of course we say all the wrong stuff." Julia says acknowledging a person's loss can be a huge comfort too. "Just by saying sorry your grandfather or father or aunt died, it's an act people will remember forever." It was a combination of speaking and listening to others that helped Lobby Akinnola, who lost his dad Femi to Covid-19 last April. "I started listening to podcasts - 'Griefcast' and 'I'm Terrible Thanks for Asking'. Just hearing other people's stories and hearing that they'd been through this kind of thing and it doesn't have to be the end," he says. Grief counselling also helped. "Just that opportunity to talk. There's always something of an expectation that kids will just bounce back, but it knocked me for six." Grieving isn't like the movies "There's a Hollywood idea of grieving, so you might expect your friend to be sobbing and not able to get out of bed - and that's true for some people," Rosie Rawson says. The 28-year-old's mum, Trish, died after getting Covid-19 in May. Rosie says grief isn't consistent. Some days are OK - you might be laughing and happy. Other times you want to curl up and watch a film. "The best thing to do as a friend is not put your opinion on how someone should be grieving or how they should behave. Let them do what they need to do or say what they want to say." Julia agrees, adding that sometimes a grieving person may want lots of sex or want to dance and have fun. "Let them be whoever they are and let them say funny jokes," she says. "When I first heard dad died, I just fell apart. Completely fell apart. I wasn't doing anything, wasn't getting up in the mornings, I was barely looking after myself," Lobby says. "What I'd say to others going through grief is, you're going to feel what you feel. "There's no right or wrong way to grieve. Don't pressure yourself that you have to be a certain way. The other advice I'd give is just talk about the person that's gone. Not just about their death, there's a whole life of a person before that. " Remember significant dates "We're very bad at talking about death," says Rachel Wilson, who founded The Grief Network. It's an online community for bereaved young people, which she set up after her mum died. The 28-year-old says checking in on dates like anniversaries, religious events or birthdays really helps. "It's not just the first week or month your friend will need support - continue to check in - allow them to remember their lost one. "If it's a parent of your friend for example, even if you don't have many memories, it's really nice to hear about them so share those memories. And don't worry about upsetting them, they already feel sad and it's not your fault." Remind them they're not alone It's lonely grieving in a pandemic, especially at a time when you aren't able to meet up with friends and family and have a hug. Hannah Brady's dad Shaun died in with Covid-19 in May. She says it's really important to stay in touch with your friends. "I would encourage people to private message, drop someone a text, a call, or send a card. It reminds them that although they are alone in grief, that you're there to walk through it with them." Don't always expect a reply Rosie says having to reply to all the WhatsApp messages, texts and letters she received was overwhelming. A simple message followed by the words "don't feel you have to reply" relieved her of that stress. "It takes the pressure off so I could respond when I had the headspace. There's a lot of admin with having to reply - sometimes to people you haven't spoken to in ages." And don't give up on them! "Even dropping a call without checking it's OK allows the grieving person to decide whether they want to chat," Rachel says. "If you've tried a couple of times and there's no answer - don't give up. They may not be feeling up to it now - maybe a few weeks or months down the line they may well be." For more information and help on bereavement, check out the BBC advice pages. Follow Newsbeat on Instagram, Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. Listen to Newsbeat live at 12:45 and 17:45 weekdays - or listen back here.

تجاوز عدد الأشخاص الذين ماتوا بسبب فيروس كورونا في المملكة المتحدة 100000 شخص. إنه رقم مدمر ويترك وراءه عدة آلاف من الأصدقاء والعائلات الحزينة. فكيف يمكنك دعم شخص ما خلال فقدان أحد أفراد أسرته؟

كوفيد: كيفية مساعدة شخص حزين

Vice-President Mike Pence The former Indiana governor is a favourite among social conservatives and boasts considerable experience in Washington. Mr Pence was raised Roman Catholic along with his five siblings in Columbus, Indiana, and says he was inspired by liberal icons John F Kennedy and Martin Luther King Jr. He is known for his staunch opposition to abortion, signing a bill to ban abortion in Indiana on the basis of disability, gender or race of the foetus. He has said he would favour overturning a 1973 Supreme Court judgement, often referred to as the Roe v Wade case, which bars the US government from prohibiting abortions. Women's rights advocates have mounted online campaigns against his views, including asking people to call his office to tell them about their periods or to make donations to family-planning organisations in Mr Pence's name. He served as the chair of the House Republican Conference, the third highest-ranking Republican leadership position. He also chaired the Republican Study Group, a coalition of conservative House Republicans, which could give him a boost with some evangelicals of the party that have questioned Mr Trump's ideological purity, the BBC's Anthony Zurcher says. Who is Mike Pence? THE AIDES John Kelly - Chief of Staff The president initially nominated the retired Marine General to oversee Homeland Security before promoting him to chief of staff, replacing Reince Priebus. Mr Kelly was a key influence on the decision to fire the director of communications, Anthony Scaramucci, after just 10 days in office. The former four-star general, whose military career spans four decades, quit as head of the military's Southern Command, which oversees military activities in Latin America and the Caribbean, to join the Trump administration. Mr Kelly is the highest-ranking military officer to lose a child in the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. His son Robert, a first lieutenant in the Marines, was killed in combat when he stepped on a landmine in Afghanistan in 2010. The seasoned commander had previously clashed with the Obama administration on illegal immigration at the US-Mexican border. In December Mr Trump said Mr Kelly would leave his post by the end of the year. It followed reports that the relationship between the two had deteriorated. John Bolton - National Security Adviser Known for his walrus moustache, Mr Bolton has served in the administrations of Ronald Reagan, George HW Bush and George W Bush. The second Bush appointed him as US envoy to the UN, during which time diplomats privately criticised Mr Bolton's style as abrasive. A strident neo-conservative, Mr Bolton helped build the case that Saddam Hussein possessed weapons of mass destruction, which turned out to be wrong. Mr Bolton does not appear to have moderated his views since his last spell in government. He stands by the invasion of Iraq and has called for the US to attack Iran and North Korea. Bush-era war hawk makes comeback Stephen Miller - Senior policy adviser Mr Miller was a top aide to Jeff Sessions before he joined the Trump campaign. He often warmed up crowds before Mr Trump took the stage at rallies on the campaign trail and was subsequently named the national policy director for Mr Trump's transition team. He also served as the campaign's chief speechwriter. As a senior adviser, Mr Miller manages White House policy staff, speechwriting functions and ensures the implementation of the president-elect's policy. "He is deeply committed to the America First agenda, and understands the policies and actions necessary to put that agenda into effect," Mr Trump said. A combative interview with CNN's Jake Tapper ended prematurely when the CNN host lost patience. Kellyanne Conway - Counsellor to the President The Republican strategist and veteran pollster serves as the highest-ranking woman in the White House after having earlier been considered for the role of press secretary. "She is a tireless and tenacious advocate of my agenda and has amazing insights on how to effectively communicate our message," Mr Trump said. The mother of four was promoted as Mr Trump's third campaign manager in August 2016 as part of another staff shake-up after the Republican convention. She has been praised as the "Trump whisperer" and became the first woman to run a successful US presidential campaign. Michael Cohen - former personal lawyer Mr Cohen was more than a lawyer, he was a self-professed fixer. And his loyalty was unflinching - he once said he would take a bullet for Mr Trump. The two were introduced by Donald Trump Jr in 2006 and Mr Cohen soon became part of the family. But that close personal and professional relationship began disintegrating the moment Stormy Daniels became news. Ever since the porn actress claimed she had an affair with Mr Trump - and that Mr Cohen paid her off - their friendship has been under strain. After his offices were raided by the FBI, he said his family was his top priority. In return, Mr Trump and his aides have been disparaging of Mr Cohen. This soured further when audio was released by Mr Cohen's lawyer of a conversation in 2016 of candidate Trump and Mr Cohen discussing the payment. Now the news that Mr Cohen had struck a deal with the FBI - as they investigate possible fraud and campaign finance violations - could put even greater distance between them. THE FAMILY Melania Trump A former model born in Slovenia, Melania married Donald Trump in January 2005. She has stood by her husband despite reports of his infidelities, alleged sexual assaults, and campaign revelations that he boasted about groping women. In July 2016 she made headlines after making a speech at the Republican National Convention, which she was accused of having plagiarised from one made by Michelle Obama in 2008. In an October interview with CNN, she was asked what she would change about her husband. She replied: "His tweeting". She stayed in New York with their son Barron until he finished his school term, before formally moving into the White House in June 2017. The new first lady Ivanka Trump Perhaps the best-known of Donald Trump's children, the only daughter of his marriage to Ivana, his first wife. A model in her early years, she was a vice-president at The Trump Organization, before stepping down when her father became president. She also launched her eponymous fashion line and was also a judge on her father's reality TV show The Apprentice. Her brother Donald Junior says Ivanka is the favourite child and is referred to as "Daddy's little girl". She was given a level of authority in the family business that none of his wives ever had and is said to have handled some of the company's biggest deals. Since Mr Trump became president, she has regularly been seen at his side. She, rather than the first lady, travelled with him to an air base in early February 2017 to mark the return of the body of a soldier killed in a raid in Yemen. She joined her father's administration as an unpaid aide with the title Adviser to the President, and has her own office in the West Wing of the White House. After her father became president, Ivanka said she had resigned from her signature apparel and accessories brand. She converted to Judaism after marrying Jared Kushner in 2009. America's other First Lady? Jared Kushner Mr Trump's media-shy son-in-law is the son of a prominent New York property developer and is married to Ivanka Trump. Mr Kushner arrived at the White House with the broadest of briefs and has come out on top of several rounds of infighting in the West Wing. But he increasingly faces a battle for relevance - stripped of his top-level security clearance and locked in a power struggle. It emerged that Mr Kushner had attempted to arrange a communications backchannel with Russia during the presidential transition. But Mr Kushner denies any suggestion of collusion with the Kremlin. He is a wealthy property developer and publisher. He owns 666 Fifth Avenue, a skyscraper a few blocks down from Trump Tower, and in 2006, aged just 25, he bought the once-venerable New York Observer newspaper. Mr Kushner was born and raised in comfort in Livingston, New Jersey, alongside two sisters and a brother. His grandparents escaped Poland during the war, arriving in the US in 1949, and his father Charles made his fortune as a New Jersey property mogul. Trump's right-hand man Donald Trump Jr Donald Trump's eldest son from his first marriage to Ivana is now executive vice-president of The Trump Organization, but had played a significant role during Mr Trump's campaign. In July 2017, it emerged that Mr Trump Jr - along with Jared Kushner and former campaign manager Paul Manafort - had met with a Russian lawyer with links to the Kremlin during Mr Trump's presidential campaign. He initially explained that the meeting was held to discuss Russian adoptions, which were suspended after the US announced sanctions on Russia in 2012. But emails showed that he decided to attend the meeting after being offered damaging information about Hillary Clinton. He and President Trump have since described the meeting as "opposition research" that any politician would engage in. Eric Trump The third child of Mr Trump's marriage to Ivana, he is also an executive vice-president of the Trump Organization. He is president of the Trump Winery in Virginia and oversees Trump golf clubs. In 2006, he also set up the Eric Trump Foundation, which was embroiled in a controversy over donations. THE CABINET Mike Pompeo - Secretary of State-designate The former hardline Republican Congressman became US spymaster as head of the CIA. Now he has been nominated to take over as America's top diplomat following Mr Trump's abrupt firing of Rex Tillerson. The three-term Tea Party Republican from Wichita, Kansas, was a vehement critic of the Obama administration's nuclear deal with Iran and has defended the National Security Agency's bulk data collection programme. He also opposes closing Guantanamo Bay and, after visiting the prison in 2013, he remarked that some inmates who had declared a hunger strike looked like they had put on weight. In January, he told the BBC that Russia would target the US mid-term elections. Trump's new loyalist top diplomat Steven Mnuchin - Treasury Secretary Not all of Mr Trump's supporters welcomed the idea of handing the levers of national tax policy to a consummate Wall Street insider. During his time running the OneWest bank, his business oversaw thousands of home foreclosures in the aftermath of the subprime mortgage crisis. Mr Mnuchin amassed a fortune during his 17 years at Goldman Sachs before founding the movie production company behind such box office hits as the X-Men franchise and American Sniper. Five things about Steve Mnuchin The treasury secretary found himself under investigation after he took a government-subsidised trip to Fort Knox with his Scottish wife Louis Linton, amid claims they were sightseeing. US treasury secretary's wife rues missteps James Mattis - Secretary of Defense Gen Mattis served in the Marine Corps for 44 years, fighting in Iraq and Afghanistan. A counterinsurgency expert, he played a key role in fighting in Falluja in 2004. From 2010-13 he led US Central Command, which covers an area from the Horn of Africa into Central Asia and includes all US military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. He is known for his blunt comments. In 2005 he was criticised after saying - in reference to Afghan men who "slap women around... because they didn't wear a veil" - that "it's a hell of a lot of fun to shoot them". But he is also described as a popular leader, well-liked by those he commanded, and an avid reader of literature on warfare. His nicknames were warrior monk and mad dog. As Gen Mattis retired in 2013, the law that bans military officers from serving as defence chief for seven years after leaving active duty was waived. 'Warrior Monk' to head Pentagon Elaine Chao - Transportation Secretary Born in Taiwan, she became the first Asian-American woman to hold a position in a presidential cabinet when she led the Labor Department under President Bush from 2001-09. Ms Chao, who is married to Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, served as deputy secretary of transportation and director of the Peace Corps in former President George HW Bush's administration. She came to the US with her family at the age of eight and settled in New York, where her father became a shipping magnate. Jeff Sessions - Attorney General Mr Sessions had been one of Mr Trump's closest allies throughout the campaign, and his loyalty was rewarded when he became the nation's top prosecutor. But the former senator from Alabama has appeared isolated after the president said he never would have appointed him if he had known that Mr Sessions would later recuse himself from the Russian investigation. Mr Sessions later said the president's attacks were "kinda hurtful". Allegations of racism have dogged him throughout his career, and were raised during his confirmation hearing in the Senate. He lost out on a federal judgeship back in 1986 when former colleagues said he had used the N-word. But during the hearing, he acknowledged "the horrendous impact that relentless and systemic discrimination and the denial of voting rights has had on our African-American brothers and sisters". Gina Haspel - nominated as CIA director Ms Haspel has been chosen by Mr Trump to take over from Mike Pompeo as he steps up to become secretary of state. If confirmed, she will become the first female director of the Central Intelligence Agency. A career intelligence officer with more than 30 years' experience, she was appointed CIA deputy director last year. Controversially, she ran a prison in Thailand where suspected al-Qaeda members were tortured by waterboarding in 2002. Trump's pick as new CIA director Nikki Haley - US ambassador to the UN In the Republican primaries, Nikki Haley, then the governor of South Carolina, first backed Mr Rubio and later Texas Senator Ted Cruz before she finally threw her support behind Mr Trump. She was highly critical of Mr Trump's proposal to ban Muslim immigrants, calling it "un-American", and also of his refusal to release tax records. Announcing her as the first woman chosen for his cabinet, Mr Trump called her "a proven dealmaker" who will be "a great leader representing us on the world stage". Nikki Haley, the Republican who took on Trump The daughter of Indian immigrants, Mrs Haley was the first minority and female governor of South Carolina, a deeply conservative state with a long history of racial tensions. At times, she has contradicted the White House, and said "everybody knows that Russia meddled in our elections" despite the president's more nuanced stance. Rick Perry - Energy Secretary The former Texas governor heads an agency he proposed to eliminate during his failed 2012 presidential campaign. The former Dancing with the Stars contestant was a vocal critic of Mr Trump, calling him a "barking carnival act" and a "cancer on conservatism" before he dropped out of his second unsuccessful bid for the White House in 2015. As governor of Texas, Mr Perry called for lighter regulation on the oil industry and referred to the science around climate change as "unsettled". After being picked by Mr Trump, he stepped down from the board of directors at Energy Transfer Partners, the company behind the controversial Dakota Access Pipeline in North Dakota. Betsy DeVos - Education Secretary A wealthy Republican Party donor and a former Michigan Republican Party chairwoman, she became the second woman nominated for a cabinet position. She had however once described Mr Trump as "an interloper" who didn't represent the Republican Party. Mrs DeVos is an advocate of Republican-favoured charter schools, which are publicly funded and set up by teachers, parents, or community groups outside the state school system. She also previously supported the Common Core education standards that Mr Trump and many conservatives have pilloried. Mr Trump called her "a brilliant and passionate education advocate" but she was criticised after appearing to struggle at times during her nomination hearing. Why is Betsy DeVos so unpopular? Alexander Acosta - Secretary of Labor The former Florida International University law dean has worked for the National Labor Relations Board, the Justice Department's civil rights division, and the US Attorney for the Southern District of Florida. Before joining the Trump administration, he was chairman of the US Century Bank, the largest domestically owned Hispanic community bank in Florida. During his time serving as US Attorney in Florida, he cut a secret deal with billionaire financier Jeffrey Epstein, who had been accused of sexual misconduct with underage girls. The deal was criticised by lawyers representing the alleged victims, saying that the punishment was too lenient. Ryan Zinke - Secretary of the Interior The former Navy SEAL was picked to lead the agency that oversees federal land, including national parks such as Yosemite and Yellowstone. He is a former congressman for Montana, where he was raised near Glacier National Park. Mr Zinke has bucked his party on the issue of privatisation or transfer of public lands to states, which he believes should remain under federal control. Environmental advocacy groups condemned the pick, accusing him of being in hock to corporate polluters. Mr Zinke's time in office has been overshadowed by a series of alleged ethics violations. President Trump announced on 15 December 2018 that he would leave his post at the end of the month. Who is Ryan Zinke? Andrew Wheeler- Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) boss The former energy lobbyist was appointed chief of the EPA after Scott Pruitt resigned amid a string of scandals regarding his spending habits and allegations of ethical misconduct. Mr Wheeler, who served as the No 2 official at the EPA, was confirmed as Mr Pruitt's deputy in April. The 53-year-old Ohio native worked for nine years as lobbyist for the coal industry, representing companies that often had business before the EPA. He worked as a special assistant for the EPA's Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics during the 1990s before becoming an aide at the Senate's Environment Committee. He also was a staffer for Republican Senator Jim Inhofe, who served as a chairman for the Senate environmental panel and has dismissed global warming as a hoax. In announcing Mr Pruitt's resignation, the president tweeted he has "no doubt that Andy will continue on with our great and lasting EPA agenda. We have made tremendous progress and the future of the EPA is very bright!" Peter Navarro - Director of Trade and Industrial Policy Mr Navarro is a top economic advisor to the president and director of the White House's Trade and Manufacturing Policy office. A staunch anti-China and pro-tariff economist, Mr Navarro was sidelined and demoted by Chief of Staff John Kelly and other free trade economists on the National Economic Council last autumn. However, the former Trump campaign advisor - an economics professor at the University of California, Irvine - still wields influence in the White House, as seen by the tariffs placed on steel and aluminium.

تعرف على الدائرة الداخلية للرئيس دونالد ترامب ومجلس وزرائه.

حكومة ترامب: الأشخاص المحيطون بالرئيس

By Beth RoseBBC News "I want people to see the iceberg beneath the surface," Gardner says of his new BBC documentary, Being Frank. "People look at somebody in a wheelchair, like me, and they probably think 'poor guy, I wonder if he needs a bit of help?' What they don't see is all the stuff that we have to deal with beneath the surface." Gardner, 59, a fluent Arabic speaker, spent years living and working in the Middle East. He was a student in Cairo before working as a banker in Bahrain. He turned to journalism in his 30s and is now the BBC's security correspondent. In 2004 Gardner and his cameraman Simon Cumbers became the headline. They were filming in a residential district in Saudi Arabia's capital, Riyadh, following gun battles between the police and al-Qaeda - the extremist Islamist group behind the 9/11 attacks in America. In footage of the assault, released for the first time in the documentary, Gardner is seen chatting to one of their minders while Cumbers films the quiet neighbourhood with children looking on. Off camera, a man with a pistol gets out of a car. "We got ambushed - al-Qaeda. They shot us at point blank range." The first bullet went through Gardner's shoulder, the second in his leg. "Then they stood over me and put the rest into me". There is a grim photograph of Gardner on the floor, his white clothes blood-stained, propping himself up. A crowd started to gather around him but no one came to his aid. Betrayal is "exactly what it felt like", says Gardner, who had spent half his life understanding the customs and cultures of the Middle East, "As I lay on the Tarmac with all these bullets inside me, bleeding internally, I remember thinking 'this is so unfair'. I have gone to such lengths to understand and empathise with the culture and the religion of this region and the reward is six bullets in the belly?" Against the odds Gardner survived, but his injuries were life-changing. He was paralysed from the knees down. Although he can now stand with callipers and a frame it's "more practical to stick with the wheelchair". "My insides were shot to pieces," he says. Large sections of his "squibbly bits" (intestines) were removed, leaving him with a colostomy bag. He did not become bitter at the unfairness he initially felt, but this documentary enabled him to scrutinise the facts again. The big moments, like the attack itself, he has revisited many times. But it is the smaller ones like returning to the intensive care unit in London where he was flown for treatment, which visibly moved him. "It was pretty grim going back. Hearing that depressing sound of those monitoring machines. It just brought it all back. "I had so much wrong with me and the frustration of being just imprisoned in that bed. I could hear children playing in the corridor and they weren't mine, and just the thought that I would never again run into the sea with my kids or climb a tree with them. The reality is when you come out of hospital you find other ways of doing it, but at the time it was very, very depressing." The documentary gave him a chance to reflect on those moments and show the long-lasting, often over-looked, impact such a trauma can cause. For Gardner "top of the tree" is managing the nerve pain in his legs which hasn't ceased since the attack. Sometimes he has "mallet days" where it feels like someone is "taking a huge mallet and whacking the side of my knee - it lasts from five to 10 seconds, but it's so painful I can hardly speak". The documentary is broadcast as the UK marks 25 years of the Disability Discrimination Act, a landmark law which outlawed discrimination against disabled people. It is remorseless in its portrayal of Gardner's life and shows him changing his suprapubic catheter - a tube that drains urine from the bladder via a cut in his stomach. It is a rigmarole he must endure every eight weeks. Recently it became stuck and he had to go to A&E. "They had to give me morphine and the doctor was literally having to brace himself against the table to pull this thing out," he says. "I want people to see that despite all of this... you're still able to lead a pretty normal life." Gardner returned to work 10 months after the attack with his first foreign trip a month later. While he is rightly vocal about the discrimination he faces, such as wheelchairs being misplaced by staff at airports, he's not known for being emotional. So has he dealt with the trauma psychologically? "I'm not complacent about it at all, because I know that PTSD can rise up and get you years late. I've not bottled anything up." He has worked with renowned psychiatrist Prof Neil Greenberg to explore the emotional impact of the trauma. "I was in floods of tears as I let everything out," Gardner says. "My advice to anybody who has had a traumatic incident - write it down in your laptop and password protect it. You may never use it, but get it all out there. It's cathartic." The talking was also key to Gardner accepting and understanding his impairments. Prof Greenberg told him: "Don't waste any emotional energy on the things that you used to be able to do. Think about all the things you can." It opened Gardner's mind and he re-learned how to ski and scuba dive. He still has had to deal with many frustrations, but he tries to make peace with them. "My disability has hugely affected my ability to get on air [at work] in interesting places," he says, often because those places can be unpredictable. But he continues to give most things a go even if they seem outrageous to others. In a hair-raising moment in the documentary Gardner attempts to go down a steep ravine in Colombia on horseback. He eventually concludes it is too precarious and reveals a fall would break both his legs as the bones have become weakened. But he sees this trial and error as just another part of being disabled. "Don't let this stuff be a hindrance, don't be embarrassed about it," he says. "It shouldn't stop you doing what you want to do. " Returning to his trauma 16 years on hasn't altered Gardner's mindset on disability, but it has given him chance to pass his knowledge and expertise on to others. "There's so much to live for. I love doing nature photography, my kids are such wonderful girls and I'm very lucky to have a lovely girlfriend. "It's been about encouraging other people. To empower them to do what they want to do." UK viewers can watch Being Frank: The Frank Gardner Story on Thursday 5 November at 21:00 GMT on BBC Two and on BBC iPlayer. UK's disability rights law at 25 For more disability news, follow BBC Ouch on Twitter and Facebook and subscribe to the weekly podcast on BBC Sounds.

لقد مرت 16 سنة منذ تعرض مراسل بي بي سي فرانك غاردنر ومصوره سيمون كامبرز لكمين نصبه تنظيم القاعدة في المملكة العربية السعودية. أصيب جاردنر بالرصاص ست مرات وأصيب مصوره بالشلل. والآن، ذهب وراء تلك العناوين الرئيسية ليكشف الأشياء المتعلقة بالإعاقة التي لم نتحدث عنها أبدًا.

فرانك جاردنر: الحصول على فرانك على "جبل الجليد" للإعاقة

Lindsay Garvin - piano tuner, piano teacher, solo pianist "When Covid-19 restrictions were first announced, I was in denial about the severity of the situation. "Fortunately, my piano teaching and tuning business has grown throughout the pandemic. "I think it's because with more free time, people turn to their creativity. "I feel very grateful to have had wonderful, loyal students all determined to adapt to Zoom lessons, when necessary. "It's been heart-warming to witness students' continued dedication to learning the piano, despite the many obstacles they faced. "In anticipation of a bottleneck demand for future weddings, I'm currently rehearsing set lists as a solo pianist. "I am most definitely looking forward to returning to performing live." Simon Kojo Sackey - guitarist for Kojo "It's hard to keep motivated to play, knowing that you've no gig at the weekends. "Finances have also been tight. "My family has kept me going and I've spent a lot of time looking after our youngest one. "On a positive side, I've started to record songs again, which I haven't done for a while." Jo Byrne - guitarist, pianist, vocalist for Phantom Voices "My whole lifestyle has changed as a result of Covid-19. "I've been gigging multiple times a week for the last 15 years and I've orientated my life around that. "To go from being so busy to having nothing at all has been a massive shock. "While I love writing and recording, I'm primarily a live performer and that's what I love to do. "My piano has kept me going. "Whenever I'm feeling frustrated or fed up, I can sit and play for a few hours and it's like meditation for me." Rick Hughes - drum teacher "As a professional musician, the toughest thing is that it's your livelihood and you have no idea whether it will ever return. "A whole industry in a state of suspended animation with no end in sight. "I definitely won't take anything for granted again, that's for sure. "My fantastic family have been awesome and kept me from losing my mind on a few occasions. "Mind you, me and my wife came close to madness home-schooling our eight-year-old!" Geraldine Green - clarinet, penny whistle, bodhran, piano and cello "Before Covid-19 struck, I played with the Bolton Symphony Orchestra, Bolton Chamber Orchestra and for my local church music group. "I also played folk gigs, shows and many, many concerts, both professionally and with amateur groups. "I'm also a teacher. Pre-coronavirus, I had 22 students - now I have 10! "The toughest thing is definitely the loss of playing together in my orchestras. It was both my work and my social life - all now gone. "I miss the spiritual feeling of music, our dear audiences, concerts, rehearsals, friendships and the camaraderie. "I am grieving the loss of it, horribly." Tommy Govan - guitarist for The Govans "The closure of hospitality has led to all my bookings being cancelled. "I set up Tommy's Street Parties, where I would take a gazebo and all of my equipment to a street and people would sit on their drives and listen and dance to my performances. "It was a lot of fun and it was nice to see people happy with smiles on their faces again." Rob Young - guitarist, banjoist for The Two Hats Blues Band and Rambling Rob Young "I'm really missing [gigs]. "The Two Hats Blues Band were semi-professional and knocked in about 150 live gigs in 2019, every single weekend out on the road, up and down motorways with a van full of gear. "All of a sudden it was taken away. "It's a really tough time for musicians right now and indeed anyone working in the performing arts. "A world without live music feels like living in a house with no windows. "Live music is uplifting, it's nourishing, it's social glue. "It's well and truly missed by me." Josh Jenkinson - lead guitarist for The Deadbeats "Like all musicians, I really miss the thrill of being on stage. "I've been keeping as busy as possible, including recording and composing, as well as building a guitar over the lockdown period. "You end up lacking a sense of purpose and really miss doing what you're supposed to do. "I can't wait to get back gigging." Gaz Jenkins - vocalist, Billy Joel Tribute UK "I've been able to play a few gigs here and there, with my last one being in October. "People are usually swinging from the rafters, but due to the ban on audiences dancing and singing it was quite a subdued affair. "I quite enjoyed the break during the first lockdown, if I'm being totally honest. "I've been gigging professionally for over 20 years. I've missed out on so many things - holidays, family events, social gatherings - and a lot of my friendships and relationships have suffered because of it, so it was nice to stop and take stock. "That being said, it's made me realise that I don't really know how to do anything else, and that came as a bit of a worry. "I've applied for various jobs over the last few months, but haven't had any luck. "I need the scene to come back as soon as possible, so I can reinstate my sense of self-worth." Photographs and interviews by Marge Bradshaw.

طلبت المصورة الفوتوغرافية مارج برادشو المقيمة في بولتون من الموسيقيين مشاركة قصصهم الشخصية عن الحياة في ظل الإغلاق، بعد أن ترك الوباء آلاف الوظائف معرضة للخطر ومئات من أماكن الموسيقى في المملكة المتحدة مهددة بالإغلاق.

الموسيقيون في حالة إغلاق: "البيانو الخاص بي جعلني أستمر"

Antoni Imiela, 56, is charged with rape and indecent assault on the 29-year-old in Sydenham in 1987. Mr Imiela appeared at City of Westminster Magistrates' Court via a video-link from Wakefield Prison, Yorkshire. He was remanded in custody until 7 January 2011 when he is due to appear before Southwark Crown Court. Related Internet Links Metropolitan Police

اتُهم رجل باغتصاب امرأة قبل 23 عامًا في يوم عيد الميلاد في جنوب شرق لندن.

رجل متهم بالاغتصاب يوم عيد الميلاد عام 1987

Jubilee Pool in Penzance was wrecked in storms that hit the south west of England in January and February 2014. Walls have been repaired, paving and handrails replaced, and drainage and electrical systems have been updated. The pool, which first opened in 1935, is one of a small number of saltwater tidal open air swimming pools in Europe. It previously closed in 1992 as it had fallen into disrepair, but was restored to reopen in 1995.

أعيد افتتاح ليدو على شاطئ البحر على طراز آرت ديكو في كورنوال، والذي تضرر بسبب العواصف، بعد تجديده بقيمة 3 ملايين جنيه إسترليني.

إعادة فتح Jubilee Pool Lido في بينزانس بعد الأضرار التي لحقت بالعواصف

Here are some of his views, in his own words. On coronavirus "I want to thank Tanzanians of all faiths. We have been praying and fasting for God to save us from the pandemic that has afflicted our country and the world. But God has answered us. I believe, and I'm certain many Tanzanians believe the corona disease has been eliminated by God," he told worshippers in a church in the capital, Dodoma, in June 2020. "We need to be careful because some of these donations to fight coronavirus could be used to transmit the virus. I want to urge you Tanzanians not to accept donations of masks, instead tell the donors to go and use them with their wives and children," he added. A devote Catholic, he has made many comments about the virus at church services. Last March he said: "Coronavirus, which is a devil, cannot survive in the body of Christ... It will burn instantly." Two months later at mass in his hometown of Chato, he said: "We have had a number of viral diseases, including Aids and measles. Our economy must come first. It must not sleep… Life must go on... Countries [elsewhere] in Africa will be coming here to buy food in the years to come… they will be suffering because of shutting down their economy." At the funeral of a top presidential aide on 19 February - and following the death of Zanzibar's vice-president from Covid-19 earlier in the month - he urged Tanzanians not to panic. "It is possible this is another test but with God we will win. Let's not scare each other because we will not overcome... God cannot forsake this nation." On lockdown "Our founding father was not someone to be directed to be told what to do… Those who devise these kinds of rules [lockdown] are used to making these directives that our founding father refused," Magufuli said, referring to Tanzania's first leader Julius Nyerere's habit of rejecting advice from Western nations. On coronavirus tests He questioned the efficacy of Covid tests in May, the last time the country published data on coronavirus cases and deaths. After sending various animals and fruit to be checked for the virus - he said a papaya, a quail and a goat had all tested positive. "So many times, I have insisted that not everything that you are given is good. There could be people being used, that equipment could be used… but it could also be sabotage because this is warfare." On Covid vaccines "The Ministry of Health should be careful, they should not hurry to try these vaccines without doing research, not every vaccine is important to us, we should be careful. We should not be used as 'guinea pigs'," Mr Magufuli said in January. "Vaccinations are dangerous. If the white man was able to come up with vaccinations, he should have found a vaccination for Aids, cancer and TB by now." On corruption "The way to treat a boil is to squeeze it out, and I have made it my responsibility to do that. I know squeezing out a boil hurts but unfortunately there are no two ways about it," Mr Magufuli told MPs after his election in 2015, about his drive to root out corruption and lazy workers. Nearly two years later, after sacking about 10,000 civil servants for having fake education certificates, he said: "These people occupied government positions but had no qualifications... they robbed us just like other common criminals." On pregnant schoolgirls "As long as I am president… no pregnant student will be allowed to return to school… After getting pregnant, you are done," he said in June 2017, adding that young mothers would be distracted in class. "After calculating a few mathematics sums, she'd be asking the teacher in the classroom: 'Let me go out and breastfeed my crying baby.'" On population growth President Magufuli urged Tanzanian women to set their "ovaries free" and have more children. "When you have a big population you build the economy. That's why China's economy is so huge," Reuters quoted him as saying in June 2019. "I know that those who like to block ovaries will complain about my remarks. Set your ovaries free, let them block theirs." You may also be interested in: On leadership "I want you Tanzanians to believe that you have a real president, a real rock. I cannot be threatened and I am not threatened," Mr Magufuli said in March 2018. On censorship "I would like to tell media owners - be careful, watch it. If you think you have that kind of freedom, [it is] not to that extent," he said in 2017, reminding journalists of the new laws and a new code of conduct overseen by the information ministry. On his upbringing "Our home was grass-thatched, and like many boys I was assigned to herd cattle, as well as selling milk and fish to support my family," he said during his 2015 election campaign. "I know what it means to be poor. I will strive to help improve people's welfare." On his legacy "One day you will remember me… I know one day you will remember me, not for bad things but for the good deeds... because I have sacrificed my life for the poor in Tanzania," he said in a video which resurfaced after his death. Around the BBC Africa Today podcasts

توفي رئيس تنزانيا المثير للجدل جون ماجوفولي عن عمر يناهز 61 عامًا. وهو ابن مزارع كفاف، وقد ارتقى ليصبح رئيسًا في عام 2015 وتم الإشادة به لنهجه الجاد. واكتسب المعروف باسم "البلدوزر" شهرة دولية بسبب رد فعله على جائحة فيروس كورونا.

جون ماجوفولي: رئيس تنزانيا الراحل بكلماته الخاصة

Guernsey Electricity said people living in St Sampson, Vale, Castel, St Andrews, and some of St Peter Port had no power for about 30 minutes. It said the incident, just after 09:00 BST, was caused by a "minor problem" at Vale power station. The problem has been resolved and power restored. A statement said: "Guernsey Electricity would like to apologise for any disruption to its customers."

انقطعت الكهرباء عن آلاف الأشخاص في جزيرة غيرنسي بعد أن أدى انقطاع التيار الكهربائي إلى انقطاع 25% من إمدادات الجزيرة.

يؤثر انقطاع التيار الكهربائي في غيرنسي على 25% من إمدادات الجزيرة

By Steve DuffyBBC news The village was once dubbed "Little Moscow" for its militancy between the wars. The striking miners - and their wives - played a prominent role during the year-long strike from 1984. Mardy Colliery closed 25 years ago today with 300 job losses. But what happened to the village, and some of the men? We will be looking at Maerdy's community now and then over three articles. Roy Jones has a link to the mine going back five generations. His uncles worked there and his father had driven a locomotive on the pit surface. "I worked underground for almost 31 years up to the day it closed," he said. "On the last day, it was a very emotional day. We had a service in the canteen, a lot of people from the village came up for it - and a couple of my old aunties whose husbands had passed away due to the colliery through pneumoconiosis or injuries. "The minister Norman Hadfield had worked at Mardy before he was ordained, so that added to the atmosphere and the emotion of the day. "We had a short service in the park. We all met in the clubs and pubs after. It was worrying but exciting. What was I going to do next? I was 46 at the time but it was more worrying than exciting I think." THE CHRISTMAS EVE DISASTER OF 1885 Maerdy is not short of reminders of its mining past. The closure of the pit is marked on one plaque. Close by is a memorial to a more tragic event. Another, more sombre anniversary, will pass on Christmas Eve - it will be 130 years since an explosion killed 81 men and boys. Roy's great-grandfather Daniel Williams headed the list of the dead. He left a widow Ann and Roy's grandmother, the youngest of seven children. Mardy had been open 10 years but there were on average three serious pit accidents or explosions a year across Britain. On the day shift on 24 December 1885, 750 men and boys were working underground. At 14:40 GMT, a build-up of gas ignited. One survivor recalled hearing the "earth tremble" as the effects of the blast carried on for a mile. There was no telegraph at Maerdy and it would be 16:00 before the news reached Pontypridd. Most of the bodies were recovered by 07:00 on Christmas Day. "Women and children were huddled together, some cried and wrung their hands in the wildest despair," said one report. Daniel Williams was over man at the pit, a position of authority. "A man of great probity and widely esteemed," said his obituary. His funeral was attended by the mine owner's son and his death was the focus of the subsequent inquest. Although no single cause was identified, the coroner criticised safety procedures, including how dust was allowed to build up. When Roy was in school, he was a classmate of David "Dai" Owen, and they remain big buddies. They started at Tylorstown until they were transferred to Mardy colliery. At the end of 1985, David had an accident and was invalided out. The year-long strike was tough and bitter. It was over plans to close pits, which the National Coal Board called "uneconomic". The walk-out in south Wales was almost total and Maerdy became more than symbolic for that rock solid support. There was no need for a picket line at the colliery as they knew no man would try to cross it. The miners believed they were fighting not just for their livelihoods but the survival of their village of 3,500 people. Some Maerdy miners found themselves in other parts of the country during the strike. Roy, now 71, recalls the "battle of Orgreave" in south Yorkshire in June 1984, when as a flying picket he saw bruised and bloodied miners taken in a bus with its seats ripped out to the back of a police station in Rotherham. The strike ended in defeat and in Maerdy, an emotional but still defiant march back to work. Not long afterwards, there was a decision to stop bringing coal up from the Mardy pit heads. The colliery was effectively joined up underground with the neighbouring Tower colliery at Hirwaun to make one coalfield from mid 1986. A few more years of uncertainty followed before the closure was announced. Recalling the final day, David says: "My heart was with every person that day. It was such a moment in my life, a moment we'll never forget; to see men I started work with marching and when they got to the park, they unveiled the dram [of coal] there and the banner was put up. "It was an emotional day for every one of us." David is a keeper of the flame. He is the secretary of the Maerdy Archive, author of 16 books. He has also worked with Rhondda Heritage Park to preserve miners' lodge banners. He is quite a character too. A photo of him in the pit lamp room points to his love of Elvis Presley. He cleaned out his post office savings in 1972 to see The King perform in Las Vegas, and he and other British fans were given the VIP treatment by Presley's famous manager, Colonel Parker. He has an Elvis plate on his car and is a deacon at the village's Baptist chapel. He devotes himself to keeping the village and its mining heritage alive. There is a blue plaque to David Davies, who was a coal miner for an astonishing 73 years - from the age of seven until he retired from Mardy Colliery as chief engineer aged 80. The father of 11 - who taught himself to read and write - still managed six years retirement with a pension of free coal until his death in 1928. David's proudest achievement though is the memorial, made out of the pithead wheel - or sheave - as you arrive into Maerdy. The wheel had been in two pieces in a council compound since the early 1990s. The memorial opened in January on the mountain road after a three-year fund-raising campaign. It tells the story of Mardy colliery's history and its tragedies on huge boards. The foundation stones and plaques of the now demolished Maerdy Workmen's Hall surround it. "It's for all the miners who've suffered in the coal industry in south Wales," he said. "There were so many deaths through explosions, through dust, through working up to their knees in water. "There were women and children in those days. A six-year-old child being killed in a colliery. I had to do a memorial to that." David tells one story, which local children are always fascinated by. "After the explosion, when the rescuers went down, they came to the air doors underground and there was a little boy who had been working there," he said. "When they moved his body, they found his little dog under him and his dog was called Try and he'd tried to save him from the explosion. "We're bringing things to a new generation to show what coal was and what it's done to the villages of the Rhondda, including Maerdy." The BBC made three documentaries about Mardy Colliery. The first was screened in 1984, by then a few months into the strike, and is especially evocative in showing life underground. There is no actor's voice supplying a narrative; the miners tell their own stories, and then there is the noise, the banter, the work in cramped conditions. It is visceral. A second covered the strike and the third saw a return to the village for the final weeks of the pit in 1990. Secretary of the NUM Lodge during the strike, Ivor England was at Mardy for 29 years. He played the trombone in the colliery band, including during the march back to work in 1985. "Mining was sometimes grim and there could be tragedy - and I knew men who died - but there was friendship, tremendous humour and banter." After redundancy, he became involved in setting up Rhondda Heritage Park and still brings mining history to schools. "Kids love the history of their area - what their fathers and grandfathers did, they cherish it and it's important." THE END OF AN ERA A LAST PIECE OF COAL The weekend before it closed, the wives, girlfriends and children of the 300 miners were allowed down the pit and taken on short tours underground. I went too as a newspaper reporter. By that time, the Mardy pit was linked underground to Tower colliery in the next valley. There were 26 miles of tunnels and men travelled 20 minutes underground by train and walked the rest of the way to reach the coalface. Their journey by the end took well over an hour. We were taken nowhere near the face obviously but just standing together as the cage dropped 975ft to the bottom and then escorted along the tunnels was an experience you never forget. It was a day of mixed emotions for the families, as we all gathered in the pit canteen afterwards and were each given a souvenir piece of coal. My piece was put in a paper bag, and inevitably, when I came across it again a few years ago, it had crumbled to dust. AFTER THE PIT, WHAT NEXT? Bryn Davies and his wife Olivia were featured in the final BBC programme. Back then, Bryn was 40 with children. He had worked in the pit for 22 years and the couple were contemplating what the future would bring. Looking back, he says: "It shook us all really. We were all down in the mouth, we had no jobs to go to and the place was getting run down so bad. The valleys today, there's not a lot here, there's no work. The government pulled us right down. "A lot of families broke up through it. They've split from their wives, they've been used to working hard. Some had money they never had before and went onto the drink. Some did well. Most of the boys would have rather have kept the pits open than everything shutting, even though the conditions were bad." Bryn considered lorry driving but it would take him away from his family, but by March he and his wife had a chance of taking over a pub, the Ferndale Hotel two miles away. "For the first three to four months it just about broke my heart - behind the bar serving other people, it was really hard for me. The wife was fine, she'd done it before and was the main one that kept it going and we built it up and kept it going. You've just got to move on with life." "We were down there for 12 years and then had a chance to come and work here at the Ferndale Imperial Club and thought it would be a lot better, and we've been here ever since. I'm thinking of retiring - I'm 65 now. I was one of the lucky ones." NUM Lodge chairman Mike Richards did not work again. "I was 52, too young to finish work and too old to get a job. I'd only done mining. Although I'd done the full service the redundancy wasn't sufficient. "People were struggling outside to get jobs anyway. If you want to get a job, the most important thing to have is a car and I don't drive. "Maerdy and the valleys are off the beaten track. When you're talking about any big industry, the future's bleak. We need an increase in factories here - proper jobs. The school's doing a tremendous amount but whatever qualifications you get, you're going to have to leave the valley to get jobs." By the time the pit closed, Roy Jones was working as a first aider there. "I was one of the rescuers in Aberfan [the disaster in 1966 when a coal tip slid onto the village school, killing 116 pupils] and that was one of the biggest influences of my life so I started doing first aid underground and I trained for the medical centre. "I got a job as a nursing auxiliary at Llwynypia Hospital for five years and then studied at university and became a qualified nurse and worked in various places, nursing homes as well, and retired about three years ago." Last Friday, deep mining in the UK came to an end when Kellingley Colliery in north Yorkshire closed. Ivor England had just returned from a break, meeting old union comrades from other pit communities. "Looking back, to the men I worked with, the comradeship, I can't have any regrets at all." See also: Still fighting - Maerdy in 2015 Maerdy looks to new horizons

قبل مائة عام كان هناك 53 منجمًا في منطقة روندا. بحلول عام 1990، لم يتبق سوى واحد فقط، في ميردي في أعلى الوادي.

ميردي: اليوم الذي أُغلقت فيه الحفرة الأخيرة في روندا - بعد مرور 25 عامًا

Mr Bell made the allegation while speaking under parliamentary privilege. The advisers named by Mr Bell, Timothy Johnston and John Robinson, have denied the claims. The DUP said the claims were "outrageous". MLAs were debating the RHI scheme at Stormont. A motion to delay the debate by a week, in the wake of the Secretary of State James Brokenshire's announcement of an election, was interrupted when Mr Bell made dramatic claims about the DUP. Mr Bell said when he was enterprise minister his special advisor, Timothy Cairns, told him "he will not be allowed to reduce the tariff on (the RHI) scheme" because of Mr Johnston and Mr Robinson's "extensive interests in the poultry industry". He added that he has "kept the records in many, many formats" and that he had been suspended from the party for "telling the truth". He also claimed that Mr Robinson and Dr Andrew Crawford, a DUP party adviser, had issued instructions to "try not to get Arlene called to the Public Accounts Committee (PAC)" and "under no circumstance allow Jonathan Bell to be called" over their roles in the RHI scheme. The DUP said the claims were "outrageous, untrue and unfounded" and "nothing short of mud-slinging". They said that neither Mr Johnston nor Mr Robinson have interests in the poultry industry, and added that Mr Robinson's "family home farm have chicken houses but are not part of the RHI scheme and never have been recipients or applicants". 'No personal interest' Mr Johnston, the special adviser to Arlene Foster when she was first minister, said: "I have no family connections to the poultry industry and I have no connection to the RHI scheme. "These are unsubstantiated allegations. I have two brothers-in-law in the poultry industry. They have no connection to RHI." Mr Robinson, special adviser to Economy Minister Simon Hamilton, said: "I have no personal interest in the poultry industry. Two of my brothers are poultry farmers but they have no connections to RHI." Dr Crawford, a former special adviser to the Department of Finance, told the BBC last month that his brother is the director of a company which successfully applied to the RHI scheme. He said: "I never sought to keep the RHI scheme open at the original higher tariff against the wishes of the minister." Overspend Mr Bell broke ranks with his party and made serious allegations against the DUP over the scheme's operation in a BBC interview in December. He claimed that DUP advisers had attempted to remove Mrs Foster's name from documents linked to RHI. Mr Bell was later suspended from the DUP. The RHI scheme was set up by former first minister Arlene Foster in 2012 when she was enterprise minister. Its aim was to increase consumption of heat from renewable sources. However, businesses received more in subsidies than they paid for fuel, and the scheme became heavily oversubscribed. It could lead to an overspend of £490m over the next 20 years.

ادعى MLA جوناثان بيل أنه قيل له إنه لن يكون قادرًا على تحدي مخطط حوافز الحرارة المتجددة (RHI) لأن اثنين من المستشارين الخاصين في DUP "لهما اهتمامات واسعة في صناعة الدواجن".

فضيحة RHI: يدعي جوناثان بيل أن نصيحة "مصالح الصناعة" التابعة لـ DUP توقفت عن التدقيق

Judges said it was wrong to stop MPs carrying out duties in the run-up to the Brexit deadline on 31 October. The PM, who has faced calls to resign, said he "profoundly disagreed" with the ruling but would "respect" it. The Labour conference finished early following the ruling and MPs are returning to Westminster ready for Parliament to reconvene on Wednesday. A senior government official said the prime minister spoke to the Queen after the Supreme Court ruling, but would not reveal the details of the conversation. It comes after the court ruled it was impossible to conclude there had been any reason "let alone a good reason - to advise Her Majesty to prorogue Parliament for five weeks". Mr Johnson, who returns to London from New York on Wednesday, also chaired a 30-minute phone call with his cabinet. A source told the BBC that the Leader of the Commons Jacob Rees-Mogg said to other cabinet ministers on the call that the action by the court had amounted to a "constitutional coup". 'Undeterred' The prime minister insisted he wanted to outline his government's policies in a Queen's Speech on 14 October, and to do that, Parliament must be prorogued and a new session started. But critics said he was trying to stop MPs scrutinising his Brexit plans and the suspension was far longer than necessary. During a speech in New York, the PM said he "refused to be deterred" from getting on with "an exciting and dynamic domestic agenda", and to do that he would need a Queen's Speech. The court ruling does not prevent him from proroguing again in order to hold one, as long as it does not stop Parliament carrying out its duties "without reasonable justification". A No 10 source said the Supreme Court had "made a serious mistake in extending its reach to these political matters", and had "made it clear that its reasons [were] connected to the Parliamentary disputes over, and timetable for" Brexit. But Supreme Court president Lady Hale emphasised in the ruling that the case was "not about when and on what terms" the UK left the EU - it was about the decision to suspend Parliament. Delivering the justices' conclusions, she said: "The decision to advise Her Majesty to prorogue Parliament was unlawful because it had the effect of frustrating or preventing the ability of Parliament to carry out its constitutional functions without reasonable justification." Lady Hale said the unanimous decision of the 11 justices meant Parliament had effectively not been prorogued - the decision was null and of no effect. Speaker of the Commons John Bercow said MPs needed to return "in light of the explicit judgement", and he had "instructed the House of Commons authorities to prepare... for the resumption of business" from 11:30 BST on Wednesday. He said prime minister's questions would not go ahead, but there would be "full scope" for urgent questions, ministerial statements and applications for emergency debates. Where does this leave Boris Johnson? Short of the inscrutable Lady Hale, with the giant diamond spider on her lapel, declaring Boris Johnson to be Pinocchio, this judgement is just about as bad for the government as it gets. Mr Johnson is, as is abundantly clear, prepared to run a general election campaign that pits Parliament against the people. And so what, according to that view of the world, if that includes the judges as part of the establishment standing in his way? But there is a difference between being ruthless and reckless. And the scope and strength of this judgement cannot just be dismissed as some pesky judges sticking their noses in. Read more from Laura's blog here. Reacting to the ruling, Mr Johnson said it was an "unusual judgement", adding: "The prerogative of prorogation has been used for centuries without this kind of challenge. "There are a lot of people who basically want to stop this country from coming out of the EU and we have a Parliament that is unable to be prorogued and doesn't want to have an election. I think it is time we took things forward." The PM said getting a deal was "not made much easier with these sort of things in Parliament or the courts", but insisted the UK would still leave on 31 October. Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn was due to close the Labour Party conference in Brighton with a speech on Wednesday, but brought it forward to Tuesday afternoon so he could return to Westminster. He told cheering delegates: "Tomorrow Parliament will return. The government will be held to account for what it has done. Boris Johnson has been found to have misled the country. This unelected prime minister should now resign." Lawyers for the government had argued the decision to prorogue was one for Parliament, not the courts. But the justices disagreed, unanimously deciding it was "justiciable", and there was "no doubt that the courts have jurisdiction to decide upon the existence and limits of a prerogative power". The court also criticised the length of the suspension, with Lady Hale saying it was "impossible for us to conclude, on the evidence which has been put before us, that there was any reason - let alone a good reason - to advise Her Majesty to prorogue Parliament for five weeks". A spokesperson from the Attorney General's office said the government had acted in "good faith and in the belief that its approach was both lawful and constitutional". "These are complex matters on which senior and distinguished lawyers have disagreed," a statement said. "The Divisional Court led by the Lord Chief Justice agreed unanimously with the government's legal position, as did the Outer House in Scotland. "We are disappointed that in the end the Supreme Court took a different view. We respect the judgment of the Supreme Court." The damage is done Wow! This is legal, constitutional and political dynamite. It is worth just taking a breath and considering that a prime minister of the United Kingdom has been found by the highest court in the land to have acted unlawfully in shutting down the sovereign body in our constitution, Parliament, at a time of national crisis. The court may have fallen short of saying Boris Johnson had an improper motive of stymieing or frustrating parliamentary scrutiny, but the damage is done, he has been found to have acted unlawfully and stopped Parliament from doing its job without any legal justification. And the court has quashed both his advice to the Queen and the Order in Council which officially suspended parliament. That means Parliament was never prorogued and so we assume that MPs are free to re-enter the Commons. This is the most dramatic example yet of independent judges, through the mechanism of judicial review, stopping the government in its tracks because what it has done is unlawful. Be you ever so mighty, the law is above you - even if you are the prime minister. Unprecedented, extraordinary, ground breaking - it is difficult to overestimate the constitutional and political significance of today's ruling. What was the court considering? The ruling was made after a three-day hearing at the Supreme Court last week which dealt with two appeals - one from campaigner and businesswoman Gina Miller, the second from the government. Mrs Miller was appealing against the English High Court's decision that the prorogation was "purely political" and not a matter for the courts. The government was appealing against the ruling by Scotland's Court of Session that the prorogation was "unlawful" and had been used to "stymie" Parliament. The court ruled in favour of Mrs Miller's appeal and against the government's. How did those involved in the case react? Speaking outside the court, Mrs Miller said the ruling "speaks volumes". "This prime minister must open the doors of Parliament tomorrow. MPs must get back and be brave and bold in holding this unscrupulous government to account," she added. The SNP's Joanna Cherry, who led the Scottish case, called for Mr Johnson to resign as a result of the ruling. "The highest court in the United Kingdom has unanimously found that his advice to prorogue this Parliament, his advice given to Her Majesty the Queen, was unlawful," she said. "His position is untenable and he should have the guts, for once, to do the decent thing and resign." Former Prime Minister Sir John Major - one of the sponsors of the prorogation appeal - said it gave him "no pleasure to be pitted against a government and prime minister of my own party". "No prime minister must ever treat the monarch or Parliament in this way again." What about other politicians? Mr Johnson was backed by US President Donald Trump at a joint press conference at the United Nations in New York. "I'll tell you, I know him well, he's not going anywhere," said Mr Trump, after a US reporter quizzed the prime minister on whether he was going to resign. But reaction at home was far more negative. Scotland's First Minister, the SNP's Nicola Sturgeon, said the ruling was the most significant constitutional judgement in her lifetime, and it would be "unthinkable" for Mr Johnson to remain in office. Wales' First Minister, Labour's Mark Drakeford, said the court's decision had been a "victory for the rule of law" and the PM had "tried to play fast and loose with our constitution". In Northern Ireland, the leader of the DUP, Arlene Foster, said the ruling must be respected, while Sinn Fein's vice president, Michelle O'Neill, said Mr Johnson should resign. Other figures have taken to Twitter to support the court's decision, including former Tory minister Amber Rudd, who resigned her post - and the party whip - over the government's approach to Brexit. The leader of The Brexit Party, Nigel Farage, said Mr Johnson must, "as a matter of honour", offer his resignation to MPs in Parliament on Wednesday. The decision to prorogue Parliament had been a "disaster", he added, and there must be a general election "before very long because Parliament and the government have ceased to function". Former Attorney General Dominic Grieve, who has been an outspoken critic of the suspension, said he was "not surprised" by the judgement because of the "gross misbehaviour by the prime minister". He told the BBC's Victoria Derbyshire programme he was "delighted" the Supreme Court had "stopped this unconstitutional act in its tracks". But Tory MP Andrew Bridgen said the court's decision was "the worst possible outcome for our democracy" and "an absolute disgrace". He told the same programme: "What we've got is a Parliament that's completely out of step with sentiment of the country." Fellow Tory MP and chairman of the pro-Brexit European Research Group Steve Baker said the ruling was an "earthquake moment". He described the Commons as a "rotten Parliament" facing a "crisis", and called for a general election so a government with a majority could move forward. What happened before Parliament was suspended? Prorogation is a power that rests with the Queen, carried out by her on the advice of the prime minister. And at the end of August - shortly before MPs returned from their summer recess - Mr Johnson called Her Majesty to advise she suspend Parliament between 9 September until 14 October. MPs had been expecting to be in recess for some of these weeks for their party conferences. But unlike prorogation, a recess must be agreed by a vote, and a number of MPs said they would have voted against it to ensure they could scrutinise Mr Johnson's Brexit plans. The decision to prorogue prompted an uproar from the Commons, especially from MPs who had planned to take control of Parliament to force through a law to block a no-deal Brexit after Mr Johnson said the UK would leave the EU with or without a deal on the Halloween deadline. Despite only sitting for a week, they did manage to pass that law ahead of prorogation and it received royal assent on 9 September. What questions do you have about the Supreme Court's decision? Use this form to ask your question: If you are reading this page on the BBC News app, you will need to visit the mobile version of the BBC website to submit your question on this topic.

قضت المحكمة العليا بأن قرار بوريس جونسون بتعليق البرلمان لمدة خمسة أسابيع غير قانوني.

المحكمة العليا: تعليق البرلمان غير قانوني، والقضاة يحكمون

By Bethany Bell & Nick ThorpeBBC News The grisly discovery of their bodies in the back of a lorry on an Austrian motorway last August sent shockwaves across Europe. One of the victims, Lida Rahm, was a baby, less than a year old. They were part of a wave of migrants and refugees heading across the Western Balkans towards Germany and their deaths provided one of the catalysts for borders being opened to allow the influx through. Europe's migrant crisis: Although most of the bodies have been returned to their families, 13 have been buried at the Muslim cemetery at Liesing on the outskirts of Vienna. It does not take long to find their graves: the cemetery was only opened in 2008 and is not very full. The graves all show the same final date: 27 August 2015. Crammed into the back of the small Volvo meat truck, standing room only, the 71 could not have survived for long. The lorry, emblazoned with pictures of sausages and a chicken's head, had been sealed airtight. Police believe they may have suffocated within an hour of the lorry starting its journey at Roszke, on the Hungarian-Serbian border early on 25 August 2015. At the wheel was a man named Mitko, a Bulgarian living in Hungary, with a long police record. Why was the lorry sealed shut? Mitko's usual driver was sick that day, so he decided to drive the lorry himself. But he did not understand how to keep the doors only partially shut, in a way that air could still come in. When he set out from Roszke just before dawn for the 850km (530 mile) journey to Munich, he inadvertently sealed the migrants in. This is the version of the story told by acquaintances of Mitko in Lom, his hometown, on the shore of the Danube in north-west Bulgaria. Mitko, 29, started in the used-car business, first repairing, then driving minibuses of Bulgarians to workplaces in Western Europe. Unpaid speeding fines and the loss of his licence, then a prison term for robbing a filling station, pushed him deeper into trouble. There was always money to be made smuggling cheap cigarettes across the Serbian border into Bulgaria. When the influx of refugees and migrants gained momentum in 2014 and 2015, organised groups like the one Mitko was involved in shifted to human trafficking. "Arabs in Turkey organise everything," a Bulgarian smuggler from a rival gang told the BBC. "They have their own people everywhere. Mitko was very close to one of them." It is not clear when Mitko became aware that his cargo of refugees had died. On the day he drove across Hungary into Austria, the temperature was baking-hot. The first thing he may have noticed was the stench of decomposing bodies. The lorry was found abandoned on 27 August in a lay-by on the A4 motorway near the town of Parndorf in the province of Burgenland, just 30km to the west of the Hungarian border. That same day the Austrian capital was hosting a summit of European leaders called to discuss a dramatic spike in the migrant numbers heading through the Western Balkans. Among those in Vienna was German Chancellor Angela Merkel. As they met, police in white forensic suits combed the lay-by near Parndorf for evidence. A police spokesman said they initially thought the vehicle had been involved in an accident. But there was no sign of a driver. They then noticed blood and other bodily fluids seeping out of the back of the lorry. When they opened it up they discovered dozens of bodies in an advanced state of decomposition. How Parndorf changed the migrant crisis The German chancellor said the leaders in Vienna were "all shaken by this terrible news" and she called on Europe to act together to solve the migrant crisis. Austria's then-interior minister spoke of a dark day and called on Europe to fight people smuggling together. "The best way is to build legal ways through Europe. With legal ways we can protect the refugees and the criminals have no chance for the business," said Johanna Mikl-Leitner. The lorry, meanwhile, was taken to a shed in a lorry park at Nickelsdorf on the Austrian border with Hungary. Officials began the terrible task of extracting the bodies and identifying the victims. It was only a few days later that Austria opened its border at the Nickelsdorf lorry park, to allow thousands of migrants who had become blocked in Hungary to continue their route towards Germany. Unwittingly, the migrants walked past the lorry as they crossed into Austria. The forensic work was still going on. The victims' story Identifying the victims has proved difficult. One of the 71 is yet to be named. But some of their stories have emerged. Five of the victims came from Iraqi Kurdistan, according to a Reuters investigative report. Two of them, Semian Nasser Mohammed, 25, and Nashwan Mustafa Rasoul, 28, were cousins from a well-off family in Dohuk, some 50km south of the Turkish border. Although their families had tried to dissuade them, the two men took the bus from Dohuk to Istanbul on 11 August. Both had fought in the Kurdish Peshmerga army against jihadist group Islamic State. Both were disillusioned and frustrated by conditions in Iraq, according to Rasoul's older brother, Sarbast. They wanted to get to Europe, and start a proper life. Mustafa sold his car to finance his trip. In Istanbul, the story goes, they met Sediq Sevo, another Iraqi Kurd from Zakho, to whom they had each paid $7,500 (£5,600; €6,600) for the through-trip to Munich. He arranged transport to the Turkish-Bulgarian border and they walked for at least seven hours across the mountains, before being met by Bulgarian smugglers on the far side, who took them to Sofia. After several days in a Sofia apartment, they were driven to the Serbian border, trekked through more mountains and were registered by the Serbian police at Dimitrovgrad. From there, a bus took them to Belgrade, and after several days in an apartment they were driven by car to Horgos on the Hungarian border. At around midnight on 24 August they walked down the railway across the unguarded Hungarian border at Roszke, past the fence the Hungarian authorities were building, accompanied by an Iraqi Kurd called Bewar. Bewar was supposed to take them to Germany himself, according to Reuters. Instead, he handed them over to an Afghan based in Budapest, who is now awaiting trial with Mitko. Back in Iraq, when Sediq Sevo discovered that his clients had perished in the truck at Parndorf, he rang Bewar to complain. Eventually, one of Bewar's men explained the risks of such journeys. "Explain that to the families [of the victims]…tell them not to complain about Bewar." Facing trial in Hungary Mitko is currently in pre-trial detention in Hungary, along with five other suspects, four of them from Bulgaria and one from Afghanistan. The trial will begin in Kecskemet this autumn, once the police investigation is completed, according to Gabor Schmidt, spokesman for the prosecutor's office in Bacs-Kiskun county. Mitko's family hopes that his defence lawyer can prove that he was only a small cog in a very long chain - reaching all the way from Afghanistan to Germany. Hungarian police are confident that he and his accomplices will get close to the maximum 16-year sentence foreseen by laws deliberately tightened last year, to deter potential smugglers. "This was not the first nor the last human shipment organised by this group," says Zoltan Boross, head of the anti-trafficking unit of the Hungarian police. "That vehicle required a very serious logistical background, with very serious money and a very serious circle of people." Catching the smugglers The Nickelsdorf lorry park is no longer full of refugees. Over the past year, first Hungary, then Austria and Western Balkan countries shut their borders to migrants and refugees travelling up from Turkey via Greece. In April, a border management system, run by the police and supported by the army, was introduced to stop smugglers and illegal immigration. These days, long queues on the motorway and on the side roads leading from Hungary to Austria are common, as police check cars, vans and lorries at the border for people smuggling migrants. The police have a scanmobile, which can X-ray lorries for human cargo. Opposite the shed where the lorry was kept, around 40 cars, used by smugglers, have been impounded by the police. Among them are number-plates from Romania, Poland, Italy and the UK. Police in this part of Austria say they arrested 84 smugglers here in the first six months of this year. It was their job to identify the victims in the lorry found at Parndorf, and forensic investigators succeeded with 70 of the 71. "It was very important for the police to establish who these people were and to inform their relatives about the terrible deaths of their brothers, sisters fathers and sons," said Burgenland police spokesman Helmut Greiner. Remembering the victims Most were taken back to their families, including the bodies of Semian Nasser Mohammed and Nashwan Mustafa Rahoul, which were flown home in late September 2015 during the Muslim Eid al-Adha, the Feast of the Sacrifice, and are buried in a hillside cemetery in Dohuk. But 15 of the bodies were laid to rest in Vienna: the unidentified victim and one other person in the city's Central Cemetery and the rest in the Muslim cemetery in Liesing. Carla Amina Baghajati from the Muslim community in Vienna, attended one of the funerals. "It was one of the most emotional moments in my life. It is horrible to see the coffins go one by one into the ground." She has seen a dramatic change in sentiment in Austria toward refugees, and towards Islam, since the lorry was discovered last year. "While we saw a tremendous wave of help after this tragic accident, things changed. People felt that refugees had come into the country in too large numbers," she said. "It is a very difficult time." If you drive past the lay-by at Parndorf on the road from Nickelsdorf to Vienna, you can still see a small memorial to the 71 who died. Flowers and a candle in a glass lantern had been placed close to the site. "There are always candles there," says Helmut Greiner. "Some people remember."

لن يعرف أحد على وجه التحديد أين مات 71 لاجئًا ومهاجرًا من العراق وسوريا وأفغانستان.

كارثة المهاجرين في النمسا: لماذا مات 71 منهم؟

By Frank GardnerBBC security correspondent This week, the Egyptian-born Islamist - real name Mustafa Kamel Mustafa - appears to have lost his final battle against extradition from a British jail to the United States where he faces 11 allegations. But his story goes back to the 1990s and beyond, predating the so-called War on Terror. 'Botched rescue attempt' In December 1998, a group of 16 western tourists, mostly British, was seized at gunpoint on a remote desert road in southern Yemen and taken hostage by fanatical, machine-gun-wielding militants. This was no tribal dispute to be settled, Yemeni style, by amicable negotiation over glasses of sweet tea and chewing narcotic qat. The militants demanded an exchange with prisoners held by the Yemeni government. The prisoners the militants wanted freed included six men sent out from Britain by Abu Hamza. The men had been arrested a few days earlier. The lead kidnapper used his satellite phone to call Abu Hamza in London for advice on how to proceed. Meanwhile, in the Yemeni capital Sana'a, the British ambassador went in to see the hardline interior minister to plead for the stand off to be resolved without shooting. Too late, came the reply, there have already been some casualties. In fact, four of the tourists died in the botched rescue attempt by the Yemeni army - three Britons and one Australian. An American woman was shot in the backside but survived. As I flew into Aden to interview the survivors that December day, I was unaware - as was the British Embassy - that several British nationals and a French Algerian were locked up in the city's jail a few hundred metres away: Accused of plotting terrorist attacks on a number of targets including the British consulate, a hotel and a church. The Yemeni authorities were confused by their Arab and Asian ethnicity and at first refused to believe they were Britons, waiting several days to inform the British embassy. The arrested group, who said they were in Yemen as tourists, had been sent by Abu Hamza. It included his 17-year-old son and a stepson. Noisy troublemaker By now, Abu Hamza had seized control of Finsbury Park mosque in north London, evicting the moderate, mainstream Muslim clergy and using it as a base to propagate his violent messages of hatred around the Middle East. Most British Muslims were baffled and irritated by the media attention he attracted, insisting he did not speak for them, while Islamic scholars questioned his religious credentials. The following year, the arrested men appeared in court in Yemen, were convicted in a trial criticised by some human rights activists, served their time and eventually returned to Britain. In London the security service, MI5, initially - and wrongly as it turned out - dismissed Abu Hamza as just a noisy troublemaker. But they underestimated his dangerous appeal to extremists who listened to his vitriolic sermons then went on to plan acts of violence. In 2003, in a massive night time operation, the police raided Finsbury Park mosque and found chemical warfare protection suits, pistols, a stun gun, knives and more than 100 forged or stolen passports - all the suspected paraphernalia of jihadi training camps. Abu Hamza al-Masri's time there was up and he was evicted from the mosque, to be arrested the following year. So now, eight years on, the US authorities look set to hold him to account for both an alleged terrorist training camp in Oregon and more particularly about his connections to violent extremism in Yemen. His departure from Britain, a country he famously called "a toilet", will be welcomed by many.

قد يكون هناك عدد قليل من الشخصيات الأكثر إثارة للدهشة التي تلخص معركة بريطانيا ضد التطرف المستوحى من تنظيم القاعدة أكثر من رجل الدين طويل القامة أبو حمزة المصري، الذي أدين بالتحريض على القتل وإثارة الكراهية العنصرية.

نهاية عهد تسليم أبو حمزة

A Ford Fiesta and a Ford Focus were involved in the collision on Brunel Way in the Cumberland Basin area at about 19:35 GMT on Saturday. The male driver died at the scene and the female driver sustained injuries which are not thought to be life-threatening, police said. Avon and Somerset Police has appealed for witnesses or anyone with dashcam footage to contact them. Related Internet Links Avon and Somerset Police

توفي رجل وأصيبت امرأة في حادث تصادم بين سيارتين في برستل.

مقتل رجل وإصابة امرأة في حادث سيارة في بريستول

I saw Xavier Jugelé's face on the BBC News website. I recognised him but could not place where I knew him from. I read his name and then everything clicked into place. The Bataclan. Xavier Jugelé must have told me his name three times and I had misspelt it each time. It was a noisy concert venue. We laughed. He took a pen and wrote his name in a notepad and turned it towards me. At first I had not recognised his face because the man in the photograph was in police uniform but there was something about his eyes. I remembered those. At the Bataclan five months earlier, when I had met him, he had been relaxing with a drink, in his "civvies". Now he was dead, killed in the police van he was sitting in with his colleagues. Unimaginable horrors Mr Jugelé had gone to the Bataclan in November 2015, called in by his commanding officer in the aftermath of the attack on the venue - 89 people had died and scores more had been injured. The streets were chaotic as the authorities tried to contain the situation and work out what was happening. The 37-year-old policeman had been one of many on duty that night, dealing with the unimaginable horrors on Paris's streets. On one level, you might ask what are the chances of a police officer helping out at one tragedy to then be involved in a second one? In Paris, the odds on that are considerably shorter than they used to be, such has been the number and nature of threats to the city. We do not know what officers like Mr Jugelé had to deal with on that night but 12 months later he had come to terms with what happened and what he had seen, and was back at the Bataclan as it re-opened. I had gone to the concert hall to speak to Parisians returning to the venue a year on. Sting had been performing there. Like gold dust At the back of the venue stood a tall, relaxed man with short dark hair and a dark jumper. I approached him and introduced myself, delighted to learn that he spoke excellent English. For a radio reporter on an English-language network, he was like gold dust. If he had been speaking in French, I would have had to get his words translated and it would have taken up valuable time. His English was so good that we are able to have a decent conversation, full of humour. We talked for five to 10 minutes. A fellow reporter, Peter Mikelbank from People magazine, was with me. It emerged that Mr Jugelé was a serving police officer but we talked, almost exclusively, about his own experiences and reasons for being there. He told us how he had been at the venue on the night of the attack and how he used to come to events and concerts at the Bataclan in the past, and how on this night he was there as a witness, not necessarily there just to see Sting in concert. "I want to celebrate life and say 'no' to terrorism," he told me. At the end of the interview, I leaned over to Peter and simply said: "That's the one I needed... I don't need to speak to anyone else." I went outside the theatre, filed my report and a few minutes later Mr Jugelé's words were broadcast on BBC 5 Live. Five months later, and Peter and I messaged each other, late into the night. He rang me: he had found his notebook containing Xavier's handwriting, confirming that the murdered police officer was indeed the man we had spoken to. We were both fairly quiet on the phone as it sank in. The tragic coincidence is not that I once met Xavier Jugelé at a pop concert. It is that a police officer who had dealt with the aftermath of one appalling event in Parisian history has become the victim of another, killed whilst sitting with his colleagues in a police van.

كان كزافييه جوجيلي، الشرطي الفرنسي الذي قُتل في باريس يوم الخميس، في الخدمة في أعقاب الهجمات على المدينة في نوفمبر 2015. علاوة على ذلك، عاد إلى قاعة باتاكلان للموسيقى في باريس - حيث قُتل 89 شخصًا - ومعه شارة موسيقية. زميل في نوفمبر الماضي في الليلة التي أعيد فيها افتتاح المكان. وأثناء وجوده هناك، تحدث إلى مراسل بي بي سي 5 لايف، نيك جارنيت، الذي يتذكر لقاءه.

هجوم باريس: "التقيت بضابط الشرطة المقتول في باتاكلان"

The designer The designer, Clare Waight Keller, was appointed the first female artistic director at Givenchy in 2017 and presented her debut collection for spring/summer earlier this year. Ms Markle, who met Ms Waight Keller this year, chose to work closely with her on the design because of her "timeless and elegant aesthetic, impeccable tailoring, and relaxed demeanour", Kensington Palace said. She previously served as the creative head of three globally-influential fashion houses - Pringle of Scotland, Chloé, and now Givenchy. The Birmingham-born designer, now the artistic director of Givenchy, said it was a collaborative process with the royal bride, adding: "I think she loved the fact that I was a British designer, and working in a house such as Givenchy which has its roots in a very classical, beautiful style." According to Sara McAlpine, fashion features editor at Elle magazine, Givenchy has a history of bringing in talent from the UK with past designers at the brand including John Galliano and Alexander McQueen. Meanwhile, bridal couture expert Emma Meek said choosing a woman who is the first female creative head at the fashion house could be a "political statement" from the bride. The bodice The minimalist pure white gown has a boat neck, framing the shoulders and emphasising Ms Markle's waist, and three-quarter length sleeves. The haute couture dress is made of double-bonded silk cady cushioned by an underskirt in triple silk organza. The neckline differs from the Duchess of Cambridge's high V-necked lace-covered gown in 2011. Kensington Palace later released Ms Waight Keller's design sketches, which she is giving to Meghan as a keepsake. The veil Ms Markle wore a five metre-long white silk veil covering her face which included floral detail representing all 53 countries of the Commonwealth. The bride suggested the design because the Commonwealth will be a central part of her and Prince Harry's official work after they are married. The designer spent significant time researching the flora of each country and much care was taken to ensure that every flower was unique. Ms Markle also chose her two other favourite flowers - Wintersweet found in Kensington Palace and the California poppy, from where she was born - to be adorned on the veil. The design of Ms Markle's veil is similar to the Duchess of Cambridge's, which was made of layers of soft, ivory silk tulle which also had a trim of hand-embroidered flowers. David Emanuel, who designed Diana, Princess of Wales's dress, said it was "very clever" to include the Commonwealth flowers in the veil. "I think Diana would have approved," he said. The material Dressmakers spent hundreds of hours - including regularly washing their hands every 30 minutes - to make the long veil, which is hand-embroidered in silk threads and organza. Emma Meek, the head of luxury bridal boutique Miss Bush, said compared to the understated dress, the "enormous silk veil" is where the "craft and meaningful decoration" lies. The tiara Ms Markle's veil was held in place by Queen Mary's diamond bandeau tiara, loaned to her by the Queen. It is named after the wife of King George V, the Queen's grandfather. At the centre of the bandeau is a detachable brooch of 10 brilliant diamonds, which was given to Queen Mary as a wedding present in 1893. The brooch was later made into the tiara in 1932. The headpiece also includes diamonds and platinum in 11 sections. Ms Markle also wore earrings and bracelet made by Cartier. Unlike the Duchess of Cambridge - who borrowed a 1936 Cartier "halo" tiara from the Queen - Ms Markle wore her hair up, rather than loose. The bride's hair was styled by Serge Normant, with make-up by long-time friend and make-up artist Daniel Martin. The bouquet Prince Harry handpicked several flowers on Friday from their private garden at Kensington Palace to add to the bespoke bridal bouquet designed by florist Philippa Craddock. It includes forget-me-nots which were Diana, Princess of Wales' favourite flower. They were specifically chosen to honour the memory of the late princess. The small bouquet also features scented sweet peas, lily of the valley, astilbe, jasmine and astrantia, and sprigs of myrtle, all bound with a naturally dyed, raw silk ribbon. London-based florist Ms Craddock also created the floral displays at the chapel, which was filled with white garden roses, peonies and foxgloves, branches of beech, birch and hornbeam. Floral designer Ms Craddock, who started her business nine years ago, has worked for the V&A, Kensington Palace, Hampton Court Palace, Alexander McQueen, Christian Dior and British Vogue. Ms Markle previously said on her now-deleted Instagram account that peonies make her "endlessly happy". Soon after the couple started dating, Ms Markle posted a picture of a bouquet of pink and white peonies on the social media site. The shoes The wedding shoes are based on a Givenchy refined pointed couture design made of a silk duchess satin. What are people saying? Sara McAlpine, from Elle magazine, said the dress was "definitely in keeping with her [Ms Markle's] style", adding: "She's always had a very pared-back style in terms of very simple, refined." She added that Ms Markle is "signalling change" with the choice of fashion house Givenchy, which has addressed the lack of diversity on catwalks. The "progressive" brand is a well thought-out choice for the bride, Ms McAlpine said. Emma Meek added that the design references Givenchy's history of dressing Audrey Hepburn and her classic and timeless style, adding it is very "presidential". "It brings back that non-fussy, refined simplicity. I am calling it the 'last word in first lady dressing'," she added. "It also has a very American feel to it, quite sporty, preppy." Elizabeth Von Der Goltz, from fashion brand Net-A-Porter, added: "Audrey having been an actress, and Meghan as an actress seemed really fitting." Meanwhile, Vogue's digital editor Alice Casely-Hayford agreed the choice of Waight Keller was "brilliant recognition for fashion's female industry leaders". She said despite the speculation that Erdem or Ralph & Russo would design the dress, the choice was "the perfect fit". She added it was "incredibly beautiful in its timelessness and surprisingly understated". Jade Beer, editor of Brides magazine, said: "Had anyone been looking at the Givenchy Spring 2018 couture collection, they would have seen all the hallmarks of Meghan's wedding dress - bateau necklines, more fluid structure and a nod to soft tailoring. "Real women will look at this dress and feel it is the definition of the ultimate chic understated wedding gown." What was Prince Harry wearing? Both Prince Harry and the Duke of Cambridge wore the frockcoat uniform of the Blues and Royals. Prince Harry was given permission from the Queen to get married in his uniform. Both outfits were tailored at Dege & Skinner on Savile Row, specialists in military uniforms. All pictures subject to copyright.

بعد أشهر من التكهنات، تم الكشف عن فستان زفاف ميغان ماركل. الفستان الأبيض النقي ذو الرقبة القارب من تصميم المصممة البريطانية كلير وايت كيلر، المديرة الفنية لدار الأزياء الفرنسية جيفنشي. وشاهدت الحشود الفستان الكامل - الذي ظل سرا تحت حراسة مشددة - بينما خرجت السيدة ماركل في كنيسة القديس جورج في قلعة وندسور في منتصف النهار.

الزفاف الملكي 2018: فستان ميغان ماركل من جيفنشي بالتفصيل

Holy Trinity Church is to have its interior restored and remodelled for large public events, alongside its role as a place of worship. The churchyard and Trinity Square will be combined to form a public space. It was given full consent by Hull City Council's planning committee at a meeting on Wednesday. Vicar Rev Canon Dr Neal Barnes said he was "delighted" the council had recognised the "substantial benefits [the plans] would bring to the church, to the wider community and to our great city". An appeal to raise funds for the multi-million pound project had reached "the half-way mark", he added.

تمت الموافقة على خطط لتجديد كنيسة هال بقيمة 4.5 مليون جنيه إسترليني في الوقت المناسب حتى تصبح المدينة مدينة الثقافة في المملكة المتحدة 2017.

تمت الموافقة على خطط تجديد كنيسة الثالوث المقدس في هال بقيمة 4.5 مليون جنيه إسترليني