user76447: I know this is a BCH address, but it's the best example I could find. The same concept holds for BTC, so understanding what's going on is relevant.
https://explorer.bitcoin.com/bch/tx/5d0af59f43f8e8388839518243c743279e7c3dd526385fcc5bbcd907cd61bd2a
What one sees is one transactions with two inputs and two outputs.

How does it happen that there are multiple inputs/outputs in a transaction?
How did 12WsyKG89bxTGWV1iguxPWh6UX2ye1X8hD end up with 208.448 and 18Q43boBRU8Sk57SjSfjgFbjvXhBccBrKq with 18.816 - where in that transactional data does it specify which address gets what from the inputs?


user38618: 
Multiple outputs are usual, just like e-mail.
If one of your friends has sent you 5 BTC, and another friend has sent you 2 BTC, you should combine and spend them if you need to buy something for less than 7 BTC and greater than 5 BTC.

(By the way, do you know what a change is?)

There is no "This output gets its value from this input" All input values are summed, then spent.


76447: <p>I know this is a BCH address, but it's the best example I could find. The same concept holds for BTC, so understanding what's going on is relevant.</p>

<p><a href="https://explorer.bitcoin.com/bch/tx/5d0af59f43f8e8388839518243c743279e7c3dd526385fcc5bbcd907cd61bd2a" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://explorer.bitcoin.com/bch/tx/5d0af59f43f8e8388839518243c743279e7c3dd526385fcc5bbcd907cd61bd2a</a></p>

<p>What one sees is one transactions with two inputs and two outputs.</p>

<ol>
<li>How does it happen that there are multiple inputs/outputs in a transaction?</li>
<li>How did <code>12WsyKG89bxTGWV1iguxPWh6UX2ye1X8hD</code> end up with 208.448 and <code>18Q43boBRU8Sk57SjSfjgFbjvXhBccBrKq</code> with 18.816 - where in that transactional data does it specify which address gets what from the inputs?</li>
</ol>
 38618: <ul>
<li><p>Multiple outputs are usual, just like e-mail.</p></li>
<li><p>If one of your friends has sent you 5 BTC, and another friend has sent you 2 BTC, you should combine and spend them if you need to buy something for less than 7 BTC and greater than 5 BTC.</p></li>
</ul>

<p>(By the way, do you know what a <a href="https://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/q/736/38618">change</a> is?)</p>

<ul>
<li>There is no "This output gets its value from this input" All input values are summed, then spent.</li>
</ul>
