user96549: My understanding is that 12th word is a checksum… so why are following mnemonics both valid?

gather video album produce report surge grant buzz buzz jaguar modify occur


gather video album produce report surge grant buzz buzz jaguar modify surge


user208: 12-word BIP39 phases only have a 4-bit checksum. In other words, 8 bits of the last word are still "data".

96549: <p>My understanding is that 12th word is a checksum… so why are following mnemonics both valid?</p>
<blockquote>
<p>gather video album produce report surge grant buzz buzz jaguar modify occur</p>
</blockquote>
<blockquote>
<p>gather video album produce report surge grant buzz buzz jaguar modify surge</p>
</blockquote>
 208: <p>12-word BIP39 phases only have a 4-bit checksum. In other words, 8 bits of the last word are still &quot;data&quot;.</p>
