user139132: The wallet is damaged, I only have the encrypted master private key and password, is it possible to recover the wallet?

user13866: So far as I can tell, Bitcoin core (as of v23.0) has no obvious facility to import a master private key and use that key as the basis of a hierarchical deterministic (HD) wallet.
It has a facility for importing ordinary private keys of the sort that were generated before implementation of HD key derivation, but I doubt that would do anything useful with a master private key.
As we all know, what Bitcoin Core's developers intended us to do is to use the "Backup Wallet" option in the "File" menu and put copies of that in safe places on other devices. Then restore from one of those backups if the active wallet is damaged or lost.
In the "File" menu under "Create Wallet" there is a checkbox option to "Make Blank Wallet" whose tooltip says

"Blank wallets do not initially have private keys  or scripts. Private keys and addresses can be imported, or an HD seed can be set, at a later time".

However I believe you don't have the HD seed, only a master private key derived from such a seed (as I understand it from BIP32).
I suspect that in principle, it is theoretically possible to construct from a master private key, an empty wallet.dat file of the sort that Bitcoin core might create when first run and before it has started an initial blockchain download (IBD) or built any indexes or UTXO sets etc. Then that reconstructed wallet.dat file ought to be usable with Bitcoin core. However I do not know of any tool to do this.

Related:

Importing an arbitrarily created Master Private key to Bitcoin Core

Developer reference for sethdseed

Argument #2 - seed
Type: string, optional, default=random seed
The WIF private key to use as the new HD seed.
The seed value can be retrieved using the dumpwallet command. It is the private key marked hdseed=1

I find this confusing but I think the HD seed and master private key are different things

BIP32



Note: S is not m and HMAC-SHA512 is not reversible



Decrypting encrypted keys:

How to use OpenSSL to encrypt/decrypt files? especially the answers that mention the -iter, -salt and -K (key) options. I have not tried this myself. A careful search may reveal other specialised tools more suited to your purpose.


user135945: Yes, it is possible to recover (replicate) the wallet if you have a BIP-32 master private key. There is the command: [importdescriptors][1] to use the master key in a wallet in Bitcoin Core. It's not strightforward, though. The master key must be transformed into so-called Output Script Descriptor in order to be accepted by the command.
There are other software packages that will make it easier to use a BIP-32 master private key, e.g. Electrum, Sparrow, https://iancoleman.io/bip39/.

user48884: The key that you have retrieved from Bitcoin Core is not a master private key. It is the master encryption key for the wallet. This is local to that wallet file only and does not have any relation to the private keys that are used to spend the Bitcoin. If you have only that, there is nothing that can be recovered as the actual private key material is not present.

139132: <p>The wallet is damaged, I only have the encrypted master private key and password, is it possible to recover the wallet?</p>
 13866: <p>So far as I can tell, Bitcoin core (as of v23.0) has no obvious facility to import a master private key and use that key as the basis of a hierarchical deterministic (HD) wallet.</p>
<p>It has a facility for importing ordinary private keys of the sort that were generated before implementation of HD key derivation, but I doubt that would do anything useful with a master private key.</p>
<p>As we all know, what Bitcoin Core's developers intended us to do is to use the &quot;Backup Wallet&quot; option in the &quot;File&quot; menu and put copies of that in safe places <em>on other devices</em>. Then restore from one of those backups if the active wallet is damaged or lost.</p>
<p>In the &quot;File&quot; menu under &quot;Create Wallet&quot; there is a checkbox option to &quot;Make Blank Wallet&quot; whose tooltip says</p>
<blockquote>
<p>&quot;Blank wallets do not initially have private keys  or scripts. Private keys and addresses can be imported, or an HD seed can be set, at a later time&quot;.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>However I believe you don't have the HD seed, only a master private key derived from such a seed (as I understand it from <a href="https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0032.mediawiki" rel="nofollow noreferrer">BIP32</a>).</p>
<p>I suspect that in principle, it is theoretically possible to construct from a master private key, an empty wallet.dat file of the sort that Bitcoin core might create when first run and before it has started an initial blockchain download (IBD) or built any indexes or UTXO sets etc. Then that reconstructed wallet.dat file ought to be usable with Bitcoin core. However I do not know of any tool to do this.</p>
<hr />
<p>Related:</p>
<ul>
<li><p><a href="https://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/q/68039/13866">Importing an arbitrarily created Master Private key to Bitcoin Core</a></p>
</li>
<li><p><a href="https://developer.bitcoin.org/reference/rpc/sethdseed.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Developer reference for <code>sethdseed</code></a></p>
<blockquote>
<h2>Argument #2 - seed</h2>
<p><strong>Type</strong>: string, optional, default=random seed</p>
<p><strong>The WIF private key to use as the new HD seed.</strong></p>
<p>The seed value can be retrieved using the dumpwallet command. It is the private key marked hdseed=1</p>
</blockquote>
<p><sup>I find this confusing but I think the HD seed and master private key are different things</sup></p>
</li>
<li><p><a href="https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0032.mediawiki" rel="nofollow noreferrer">BIP32</a></p>
<blockquote>
<p><a href="https://i.stack.imgur.com/OHhq1.png" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/OHhq1.png" alt="BIP32 key derivation diagram" /></a></p>
</blockquote>
<p><sup>Note: S is not m and HMAC-SHA512 is not reversible</sup></p>
</li>
</ul>
<hr />
<p>Decrypting encrypted keys:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/q/16056135/477035">How to use OpenSSL to encrypt/decrypt files?</a> especially the answers that mention the <code>-iter</code>, <code>-salt</code> and <code>-K</code> (key) options. I have not tried this myself. A careful search may reveal other specialised tools more suited to your purpose.</li>
</ul>
 135945: <p>Yes, it is possible to recover (replicate) the wallet if you have a BIP-32 master private key. There is the command: <code>[importdescriptors][1]</code> to use the master key in a wallet in Bitcoin Core. It's not strightforward, though. The master key must be transformed into so-called <a href="https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0380.mediawiki" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Output Script Descriptor</a> in order to be accepted by the command.</p>
<p>There are other software packages that will make it easier to use a BIP-32 master private key, e.g. Electrum, Sparrow, <a href="https://iancoleman.io/bip39/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://iancoleman.io/bip39/</a>.</p>
 48884: <p>The key that you have retrieved from Bitcoin Core is not a master private key. It is the master <strong>encryption</strong> key for the wallet. This is local to that wallet file only and does not have any relation to the private keys that are used to spend the Bitcoin. If you have only that, there is nothing that can be recovered as the actual private key material is not present.</p>
