user1436: A lot of people doing bitcoin mining participate in pooled mining. When participating in pooled mining the workers perform some mathematical calculation (that I have actually not understood) and are rewarded payouts for their contribute to new block generation.
Is it possible that the workers, minining in a pool, can find out which bitcoin they are working on? If yes, I think they would be able to see to whome the bitcoin they worked on was transferred later to?

user659: Everyone, not just miners, can see every transaction that's in any block.  Being a miner doesn't give you any special insight that other users don't have.  The whole blockchain is public with a full copy being held by everyone who runs a Bitcoin node.
This doesn't mean that you can easily link transactions to people however.  Everyone can see that address A transferred X bitcoins to address B.  But it's not obvious how to determine who owns addresses A or B.

user575: When a miner in a pool finds a valid block, the pool receives a reward (currently ~50 BTC) in a special generation transaction in the block. The address receiving the generation reward in a given block is known, and pools publish statistics on which blocks they found (and even if not, the miner who found it can in theory know which blocks he himself found if his mining software keeps a record of it), so the generation rewards can be tracked (to the same extent that any other Bitcoin transaction can be tracked).
The mathematical operation done when mining is calculating SHA-256 hashes of variants of a block header. You can learn more about mining for example at What exactly is mining?

1436: <p>A lot of people doing bitcoin mining participate in pooled mining. When participating in pooled mining the workers perform some mathematical calculation (that I have actually not understood) and are rewarded payouts for their contribute to new block generation.</p>

<p>Is it possible that the workers, minining in a pool, can find out which bitcoin they are working on? If yes, I think they would be able to see to whome the bitcoin they worked on was transferred later to?</p>
 659: <p>Everyone, not just miners, can see every transaction that's in any block.  Being a miner doesn't give you any special insight that other users don't have.  The whole blockchain is public with a full copy being held by everyone who runs a Bitcoin node.</p>

<p>This doesn't mean that you can easily link transactions to people however.  Everyone can see that address A transferred X bitcoins to address B.  But it's not obvious how to determine who owns addresses A or B.</p>
 575: <p>When a miner in a pool finds a valid block, the pool receives a reward (currently ~50 BTC) in a special generation transaction in the block. The address receiving the generation reward in a given block is known, and pools publish statistics on which blocks they found (and even if not, the miner who found it can in theory know which blocks he himself found if his mining software keeps a record of it), so the generation rewards can be tracked (to the same extent that any other Bitcoin transaction can be tracked).</p>

<p>The mathematical operation done when mining is calculating SHA-256 hashes of variants of a block header. You can learn more about mining for example at <a href="https://bitcoin.stackexchange.com/questions/148/what-exactly-is-mining">What exactly is mining?</a></p>
