/**
 * # Day 2: Dive!
 *
 * Now, you need to figure out how to pilot this thing.
 *
 * It seems like the submarine can take a series of commands like forward 1,
 * down 2, or up 3:
 *
 * forward X increases the horizontal position by X units.
 * down X increases the depth by X units.
 * up X decreases the depth by X units.
 * Note that since you're on a submarine, down and up affect your depth,
 * and so they have the opposite result of what you might expect.
 *
 * The submarine seems to already have a planned course (your puzzle input).
 * You should probably figure out where it's going. For example:
 * ```
 * forward 5
 * down 5
 * forward 8
 * up 3
 * down 8
 * forward 2
 * ```
 * Your horizontal position and depth both start at 0. The steps above would
 * then modify them as follows:
 * ```
 * forward 5 adds 5 to your horizontal position, a total of 5.
 * down 5 adds 5 to your depth, resulting in a value of 5.
 * forward 8 adds 8 to your horizontal position, a total of 13.
 * up 3 decreases your depth by 3, resulting in a value of 2.
 * down 8 adds 8 to your depth, resulting in a value of 10.
 * forward 2 adds 2 to your horizontal position, a total of 15.
 * ```
 * After following these instructions, you would have a horizontal position
 * of 15 and a depth of 10. (Multiplying these together produces 150.)
 *
 * Calculate the horizontal position and depth you would have after following
 * the planned course. What do you get if you multiply your final horizontal
 * position by your final depth?
 *
 * --- Part Two ---
 *
 * Based on your calculations, the planned course doesn't seem to make any sense.
 * You find the submarine manual and discover that the process is actually
 * slightly more complicated.
 *
 * In addition to horizontal position and depth, you'll also need to track
 * a third value, aim, which also starts at 0. The commands also mean something
 * entirely different than you first thought:
 * - down X increases your aim by X units.
 * - up X decreases your aim by X units.
 * - forward X does two things:
 *   - It increases your horizontal position by X units.
 *   - It increases your depth by your aim multiplied by X.
 *
 * Again note that since you're on a submarine, down and up do the opposite
 * of what you might expect: "down" means aiming in the positive direction.
 *
 * Now, the above example does something different:
 *
 * - forward 5 adds 5 to your horizontal position, a total of 5.
 *   Because your aim is 0, your depth does not change.
 * - down 5 adds 5 to your aim, resulting in a value of 5.
 * - forward 8 adds 8 to your horizontal position, a total of 13.
 *   Because your aim is 5, your depth increases by 8*5=40.
 * - up 3 decreases your aim by 3, resulting in a value of 2.
 * - down 8 adds 8 to your aim, resulting in a value of 10.
 * - forward 2 adds 2 to your horizontal position, a total of 15.
 *   Because your aim is 10, your depth increases by 2*10=20 to a total of 60.
 *
 * After following these new instructions, you would have a horizontal position
 * of 15 and a depth of 60. (Multiplying these produces 900.)
 *
 * Using this new interpretation of the commands, calculate the horizontal
 * position and depth you would have after following the planned course.
 * What do you get if you multiply your final horizontal position by your
 * final depth?
 */
object Day2 {

    fun part1(commands: Sequence<String>): Int = commands.calculateResult(P1Location())
    fun part2(commands: Sequence<String>): Int = commands.calculateResult(P2Location())

    private fun Sequence<String>.calculateResult(handler: BaseLocation): Int {
        return fold(handler) { location, command ->
            val (direction, distance) = command.split(" ")
            location.handleCommand(direction, distance.toInt())
        }.getResult()
    }

    class P1Location : BaseLocation() {
        override fun handleCommand(direction: String, distance: Int): BaseLocation {
            when (direction) {
                "forward" -> x += distance
                "up" -> y -= distance
                "down" -> y += distance
            }
            return this
        }
    }

    class P2Location : BaseLocation() {
        private var aim = 0

        override fun handleCommand(direction: String, distance: Int): BaseLocation {
            when (direction) {
                "forward" -> {
                    x += distance
                    y += aim * distance
                }

                "up" -> aim -= distance
                "down" -> aim += distance
            }
            return this
        }
    }

    abstract class BaseLocation {
        protected var x: Int = 0
        protected var y: Int = 0

        abstract fun handleCommand(direction: String, distance: Int): BaseLocation

        fun getResult(): Int = x * y
    }
}

/**
 * # Day 2: Dive!
 *
 * Now, you need to figure out how to pilot this thing.
 *
 * It seems like the submarine can take a series of commands like forward 1,
 * down 2, or up 3:
 *
 * forward X increases the horizontal position by X units.
 * down X increases the depth by X units.
 * up X decreases the depth by X units.
 * Note that since you're on a submarine, down and up affect your depth,
 * and so they have the opposite result of what you might expect.
 *
 * The submarine seems to already have a planned course (your puzzle input).
 * You should probably figure out where it's going. For example:
 * ```
 * forward 5
 * down 5
 * forward 8
 * up 3
 * down 8
 * forward 2
 * ```
 * Your horizontal position and depth both start at 0. The steps above would
 * then modify them as follows:
 * ```
 * forward 5 adds 5 to your horizontal position, a total of 5.
 * down 5 adds 5 to your depth, resulting in a value of 5.
 * forward 8 adds 8 to your horizontal position, a total of 13.
 * up 3 decreases your depth by 3, resulting in a value of 2.
 * down 8 adds 8 to your depth, resulting in a value of 10.
 * forward 2 adds 2 to your horizontal position, a total of 15.
 * ```
 * After following these instructions, you would have a horizontal position
 * of 15 and a depth of 10. (Multiplying these together produces 150.)
 *
 * Calculate the horizontal position and depth you would have after following
 * the planned course. What do you get if you multiply your final horizontal
 * position by your final depth?
 *
 * --- Part Two ---
 *
 * Based on your calculations, the planned course doesn't seem to make any sense.
 * You find the submarine manual and discover that the process is actually
 * slightly more complicated.
 *
 * In addition to horizontal position and depth, you'll also need to track
 * a third value, aim, which also starts at 0. The commands also mean something
 * entirely different than you first thought:
 * - down X increases your aim by X units.
 * - up X decreases your aim by X units.
 * - forward X does two things:
 *   - It increases your horizontal position by X units.
 *   - It increases your depth by your aim multiplied by X.
 *
 * Again note that since you're on a submarine, down and up do the opposite
 * of what you might expect: "down" means aiming in the positive direction.
 *
 * Now, the above example does something different:
 *
 * - forward 5 adds 5 to your horizontal position, a total of 5.
 *   Because your aim is 0, your depth does not change.
 * - down 5 adds 5 to your aim, resulting in a value of 5.
 * - forward 8 adds 8 to your horizontal position, a total of 13.
 *   Because your aim is 5, your depth increases by 8*5=40.
 * - up 3 decreases your aim by 3, resulting in a value of 2.
 * - down 8 adds 8 to your aim, resulting in a value of 10.
 * - forward 2 adds 2 to your horizontal position, a total of 15.
 *   Because your aim is 10, your depth increases by 2*10=20 to a total of 60.
 *
 * After following these new instructions, you would have a horizontal position
 * of 15 and a depth of 60. (Multiplying these produces 900.)
 *
 * Using this new interpretation of the commands, calculate the horizontal
 * position and depth you would have after following the planned course.
 * What do you get if you multiply your final horizontal position by your
 * final depth?
 */
object Day2 {

    fun part1(commands: Sequence<String>): Int = commands.calculateResult(P1Location())
    fun part2(commands: Sequence<String>): Int = commands.calculateResult(P2Location())

    private fun Sequence<String>.calculateResult(handler: BaseLocation): Int {
        return fold(handler) { location, command ->
            val (direction, distance) = command.split(" ")
            location.handleCommand(direction, distance.toInt())
        }.getResult()
    }

    class P1Location : BaseLocation() {
        override fun handleCommand(direction: String, distance: Int): BaseLocation {
            when (direction) {
                "forward" -> x += distance
                "up" -> y -= distance
                "down" -> y += distance
            }
            return this
        }
    }

    class P2Location : BaseLocation() {
        private var aim = 0

        override fun handleCommand(direction: String, distance: Int): BaseLocation {
            when (direction) {
                "forward" -> {
                    x += distance
                    y += aim * distance
                }

                "up" -> aim -= distance
                "down" -> aim += distance
            }
            return this
        }
    }

    abstract class BaseLocation {
        protected var x: Int = 0
        protected var y: Int = 0

        abstract fun handleCommand(direction: String, distance: Int): BaseLocation

        fun getResult(): Int = x * y
    }
}
