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Web Service:Dead Drop Resolver | It has used an RSS feed on Livejournal to update a list of encrypted C2 server names. |
Web Service:Dead Drop Resolver | Xbash can obtain a webpage hosted on Pastebin to update its C2 domain list. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | It has used blogs and WordPress for C2 infrastructure. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | It has used Google Drive for C2. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | It leverages social networking sites and cloud platforms (AOL, Twitter, Yandex, Mediafire, pCloud, Dropbox, and Box) for C2. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | It has communicated with C2 through files uploaded to and downloaded from DropBox. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | BADNEWS can use multiple C2 channels, including RSS feeds, Github, forums, and blogs. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | BLACKCOFFEE has also obfuscated its C2 traffic as normal traffic to sites such as Github. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | BLUELIGHT can use different cloud providers for its C2. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | BoxCaon has used DropBox for C2 communications. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | The CALENDAR malware communicates through the use of events in Google Calendar. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | It has used a VBScript named "ggldr" that uses Google Apps Script, Sheets, and Forms services for C2. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | Clambling can use Dropbox to download malicious payloads, send commands, and receive information. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | One variant of CloudDuke uses a Microsoft OneDrive account to exchange commands and stolen data with its operators. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | Comnie uses blogs and third-party sites (GitHub, tumbler, and BlogSpot) to avoid DNS-based blocking of their communication to the command and control server. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | ComRAT has the ability to use the Gmail web UI to receive commands and exfiltrate information. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | CozyCar uses Twitter as a backup C2 channel to Twitter accounts specified in its configuration file. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | CreepyDrive can use OneDrive for C2. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | Crutch can use Dropbox to receive commands and upload stolen data. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | DOGCALL is capable of leveraging cloud storage APIs such as Cloud, Box, Dropbox, and Yandex for C2. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | Empire can use Dropbox and GitHub for C2. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | It used legitimate services like Google Docs, Google Scripts, and Pastebin for C2. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | GLOOXMAIL communicates to servers operated by Google using the Jabber/XMPP protocol. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | Grandoreiro can utilize web services including Google sites to send and receive C2 data. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | It has used cloud services, including OneDrive, for C2. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | KARAE can use public cloud-based storage providers for command and control. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | Kazuar has used compromised WordPress blogs as C2 servers. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | It has used Blogspot pages for C2. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | It has used GitHub as C2, pulling hosted image payloads then committing command execution output to files in specific directories. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | LOWBALL uses the Dropbox cloud storage service for command and control. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | It malware can use a SOAP Web service to communicate with its C2 server. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | It has used web services including OneHub to distribute remote access tools. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | For Operation Ghost, It used social media platforms to hide communications to C2 servers. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | Orz has used Technet and Pastebin web pages for command and control. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | It has used OneDrive and DropBox for C2. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | POORAIM has used AOL Instant Messenger for C2. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | PowerStallion uses Microsoft OneDrive as a C2 server via a network drive mapped with net use. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | RegDuke can use Dropbox as its C2 server. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | Revenge RAT used blogpost.com as its primary command and control server during a campaign. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | RogueRobin has used Google Drive as a Command and Control channel. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | ROKRAT has used legitimate social networking sites and cloud platforms (including but not limited to Twitter, Yandex, Dropbox, and Mediafire) for C2 communications. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | It has used the Telegram Bot API from Telegram Messenger to send and receive commands to its Python backdoor. It also used legitimate M.E.Doc software update check requests for sending and receiving commands and hosted malicious payloads on putdrive.com. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | SLOWDRIFT uses cloud based services for C2. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | Small Sieve has the ability to use the Telegram Bot API from Telegram Messenger to send and receive messages. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | A It JavaScript backdoor has used Google Apps Script as its C2 server. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | UBoatRAT has used GitHub and a public blog service in Hong Kong for C2 communications. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | yty communicates to the C2 server by retrieving a Google Doc. |
Web Service:Bidirectional Communication | ItM has used Dropbox for C2 allowing upload and download of files as well as execution of arbitrary commands. |
Web Service:One-Way Communication | EVILNUM has used a one-way communication method via GitLab and Digital Point to perform C2. |
Web Service:One-Way Communication | The "tDiscoverer" variant of HAMMERTOSS establishes a C2 channel by downloading resources from Web services like Twitter and GitHub. HAMMERTOSS binaries contain an algorithm that generates a different Twitter handle for the malware to check for instructions every day. |
Web Service:One-Way Communication | It has received C2 instructions from user profiles created on legitimate websites such as Github and TechNet. |
Web Service:One-Way Communication | Metamorfo has downloaded a zip file for execution on the system. |
Web Service:One-Way Communication | OnionDuke uses Twitter as a backup C2. |
Automated Exfiltration | Attor has a file uploader plugin that automatically exfiltrates the collected data and log files to the C2 server. |
Automated Exfiltration | CosmicDuke exfiltrates collected files automatically over FTP to remote servers. |
Automated Exfiltration | Crutch has automatically exfiltrated stolen files to Dropbox. |
Automated Exfiltration | Doki has used a script that gathers information from a hardcoded list of IP addresses and uploads to an Ngrok URL. |
Automated Exfiltration | Ebury can automatically exfiltrate gathered SSH credentials. |
Automated Exfiltration | Empire has the ability to automatically send collected data back to the threat actors' C2. |
Automated Exfiltration | During Frankenstein, the threat actors collected information via Empire, which was automatically sent back to the adversary's C2. |
Automated Exfiltration | It has used modules that automatically upload gathered documents to the C2 server. |
Automated Exfiltration | It has performed frequent and scheduled data exfiltration from compromised networks. |
Automated Exfiltration | LightNeuron can be configured to automatically exfiltrate files under a specified directory. |
Automated Exfiltration | It’s collected files are exfiltrated automatically to remote servers. |
Automated Exfiltration | OutSteel can automatically upload collected files to its C2 server. |
Automated Exfiltration | Peppy has the ability to automatically exfiltrate files and keylogs. |
Automated Exfiltration | Rover automatically searches for files on local drives based on a predefined list of file extensions and sends them to the command and control server every 60 minutes. Rover also automatically sends keylogger files and screenshots to the C2 server on a regular timeframe. |
Automated Exfiltration | ShimRatReporter sent collected system and network information compiled into a report to an adversary-controlled C2. |
Automated Exfiltration | It has configured tools to automatically send collected files to attacker controlled servers. |
Automated Exfiltration | StrongPity can automatically exfiltrate collected documents to the C2 server. |
Automated Exfiltration | TajMahal has the ability to manage an automated queue of egress files and commands sent to its C2. |
Automated Exfiltration | When a document is found matching one of the extensions in the configuration, TINYTYPHON uploads it to the C2 server. |
Automated Exfiltration | It has used a copy function to automatically exfiltrate sensitive data from air-gapped systems using USB storage. |
Automated Exfiltration | USBStealer automatically exfiltrates collected files via removable media when an infected device connects to an air-gapped victim machine after initially being connected to an internet-enabled victim machine. |
Data Transfer Size Limits | AppleSeed has divided files if the size is 0x1000000 bytes or more. |
Data Transfer Size Limits | It has split archived exfiltration files into chunks smaller than 1MB. |
Data Transfer Size Limits | During C0015, the threat actors limited Rclone's bandwidth setting during exfiltration. |
Data Transfer Size Limits | During C0026, the threat actors split encrypted archives containing stolen files and information into 3MB parts prior to exfiltration. |
Data Transfer Size Limits | It exfiltrates data in compressed chunks if a message is larger than 4096 bytes . |
Data Transfer Size Limits | Cobalt Strike will break large data sets into smaller chunks for exfiltration. |
Data Transfer Size Limits | Helminth splits data into chunks up to 23 bytes and sends the data in DNS queries to its C2 server. |
Data Transfer Size Limits | Kessel can split the data to be exilftrated into chunks that will fit in subdomains of DNS queries. |
Data Transfer Size Limits | Kevin can exfiltrate data to the C2 server in 27-character chunks. |
Data Transfer Size Limits | It has split archived files into multiple parts to bypass a 5MB limit. |
Data Transfer Size Limits | Mythic supports custom chunk sizes used to upload/download files. |
Data Transfer Size Limits | ObliqueRAT can break large files of interest into smaller chunks to prepare them for exfiltration. |
Data Transfer Size Limits | OopsIE exfiltrates command output and collected files to its C2 server in 1500-byte blocks. |
Data Transfer Size Limits | POSHSPY uploads data in 2048-byte chunks. |
Data Transfer Size Limits | The Rclone "chunker" overlay supports splitting large files in smaller chunks during upload to circumvent size limits. |
Data Transfer Size Limits | RDAT can upload a file via HTTP POST response to the C2 split into 102,400-byte portions. RDAT can also download data from the C2 which is split into 81,920-byte portions. |
Data Transfer Size Limits | It actors have split RAR files for exfiltration into parts. |
Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol | AADInternals can directly download cloud user data such as OneDrive files. |
Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol | Bundlore uses the curl -s -L -o command to exfiltrate archived data to a URL. |
Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol | Chaes has exfiltrated its collected data from the infected machine to the C2, sometimes using the MIME protocol. |
Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol | FrameworkPOS can use DNS tunneling for exfiltration of credit card data. |
Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol | Hydraq connects to a predefined domain on port 443 to exfil gathered information. |
Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol | Kobalos can exfiltrate credentials over the network via UDP. |
Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol | PoetRAT has used a .NET tool named dog.exe to exiltrate information over an e-mail account. |
Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol | It has sent locally staged files with collected credentials to C2 servers using cURL. |
Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol:Exfiltration Over Asymmetric Encrypted Non-C2 Protocol | It has exfiltrated archives of collected data previously staged on a target's OWA server via HTTPS. |