This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pediatrics
[{'content': 'Which of the following act as a means of transmission of HIV infection in newborn – \nSelect and explain. \nA. Transplacental, B. Breast feeding, C. During delivery, D. All of these', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Maternal-fetal / infant transmission\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\n\nThe probability of transmission of HIV from mother to infant/fetus ranges from 15 to 25% in industrialized countries and from 25 to 35% in developing countries.\nHIV can be transmitted from mother to fetus/infant in the following ways :\n\na) In utero (During pregnancy)\nb) During delivery (Perinatal) → Most common\nc) After birth by breastfeeding → Least common.\n\nFirstborn twin is more commonly infected than the second twin.\nCesarean section results in decreased transmission to the infant.\nVit. A deficiency increases the risk of transmission.\nThe major risk factor of transmission is the presence of a high maternal level of plasma viremia.', 'role': 'assistant'}]