This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Biochemistry
[{'content': 'During prolonged starvation, the rate of gluconeogenesis depends on \nSelect and explain. \nA. Increased alanine levels in liver, B. Decreased cGMP in liver, C. ADP in liver, D. Decreased essential fatty acids in liver', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Increased alanine levels in liver\xa0\n\nIn the fasting state, there is a considerable output of alanine from skeletal muscle, far in excess of its concentration in the muscle proteins that are being catabolized.\nIt is formed by transamination of pyruvate produced by glycolysis of muscle glycogen and is exported to the liver, where, after transamination back to pyruvate, it is a substrate for gluconeogenesis.\nThis is the glucose-alanine cycle. Which has two major functions:-\n\n\nTransport of α -amino groups of amino acids (ammonium ion/ammonia) from muscle to liver\nTransport of alanine as a substrate for gluconeogenesis', 'role': 'assistant'}]