This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
[{'content': 'Which index is used to score the outcome of treatment in patients with cleft lip and palate? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Index of Orthodontic Treatment Complexity (IOTC), B. Summer’s Index, C. Index of Complexity Outcome and Need (ICON), D. Goslon Yardstick', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Goslon Yardstick Index was given by Mars et al (1987) is an acronymn for Great Ormond Street,\xa0 London and Oslo.\nThe Goslon (Great Ormond Street, London and Oslo) Yardstick is a clinical tool that allows\xa0categorization of the dental relationships in the late mixed and or early permanent dentition stage into\xa0ﬁve discrete categories. Cases are allocated to these categories on a value judgment basis by reference\xa0to the anchor groups of the Goslon Yardstick. The categorization was suﬃciently sensitive to\xa0distinguish the treatment results at diﬀerent centers. It is proposed that the Goslon Yardstick should\xa0facilitate cross-center studies.\nClinical tool that allows the categorization of dental relationships in late mixed dentition and early\xa0permanent dentition into ﬁve discrete categories.\n\nGroup 1: Excellent - No treatment\nGroup 2: Good - Simple orthodontic treatment/no treatment.\nGroup 3: Fair - Complex orthodontic treatment, good result anticipated.\nGroup 4: Poor - Limited orthodontic treatment without orthognathic surgery, if growth is\xa0favorable.\nGroup 5: Very poor - Orthognathic surgery, categorizes malocclusion in cleft lip & palate.\n\nThe orthodontics: basic aspects\xa0and clinical considerations\nPage. No\xa0302.', 'role': 'assistant'}]