This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Miscellaneous, Subject name: Medicine
[{'content': 'Chronic diarrhea results in the following acid base imbalance \nSelect and explain. \nA. Normal anion gap metabolic acidosis, B. Metabolic alkalosis, C. Increased anion gap metabolic acidosis, D. Respiratory acidosis', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: (A) Normal anion gap metabolic acidosis # Causes of Non-Anion-Gap Acidosis# Gastrointestinal bicarbonate loss> Diarrhea> External pancreatic or small-bowel drainage> Ureterosigmoidostomy, jejunal loop, ileal loop> Drugs1 Calcium chloride (acidifying agent)2. Magnesium sulfate (diarrhea)3. Cholestyramine (bile acid diarrhea)> Hypokalemia1. Proximal RTA (type 2)2. Distal (classic) RTA (type 1)> Hyperkalemia# Generalized distal nephron dysfunction (type 4 RTA)> Mineralocorticoid deficiency> Mineralocorticoid resistance> Na+ delivery to distal nephron> Tubulointerstitial disease> Ammonium excretion defect# Drug-induced hyperkalemia (with renal insufficiency)> Potassium-sparing diuretics (amiloride, triamterene, spironolactone)> Trimethoprim> Pentamidine> Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and AT-II receptor blockers> Nonsteroidal anti- inflammatory drugs> Cyclosporine# Other> Acid loads (ammonium chloride, hyperalimentation)> Loss of potential bicarbonate: ketosis with ketone excretion> Expansion acidosis (rapid saline administration)> Cation exchange resins', 'role': 'assistant'}]