This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Social & Preventive Medicine
[{'content': 'The response which is graded by an observer on an agree or disagree continuum is based on \nSelect and explain. \nA. Visual analog scale, B. Guttman Scale, C. Adjective scale, D. Likert Scale', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Likert Scale: Refer to Theory.\nVisual analog scale (VAS):\n\n– VAS is a measurement instrument that tries to measure a characteristic that range across a continuum of values and cannot easily be directly measured (For example, the amount of pain that a patient feels ranges across a continuum from none to an extreme amount of pain. From the patient’s perspective this spectrum appears continuous as their pain does not take discrete jumps, as a categorization of none, mild, moderate and severe would suggest)\n– Operationally a VAS is usually a horizontal line, 100 mm (10 cms) in length, anchored by word descriptors at each end: patient marks on the line the point that they feel represents their perception of their current state\n– VAS score: is determined by measuring in millimetres from the left hand end of the line to the point that the patient marks\n– Continuous (or ‘analogue’) aspect of the scale differentiates it from discrete scales such Likert scale\n– Is quite used in Anaesthesia.\n\nGuttman Scale:\n\n– Is also known as ‘Cumulative scale’\n– Contains a ‘series of statements that expresses increasing intensity’ of a characteristic AND respondent is asked to agree or disagree to with each statement (For example: Asbestos can cause lung cancer – Asbestos is an important cause of lung cancer – Asbestos is a very important cause of lung cancer and death – Asbestos is the most important cause of lung cancer an death in India)\n– Perfect Guttman scale: consists of a uni-dimensional set of items that are ranked in order of difficulty from least extreme to most extreme position\n\nAdjectival scale:\n\n– Is a linguistic scale is a set of words, of the same grammatical category, which can be ordered by their semantic strength or degree of information (For example, lukewarm, warm, and hot fall along a single adjectival scale since they indicate a variation in the intensity of temperature of the modified noun).', 'role': 'assistant'}]