This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology
[{'content': 'What is the anemia usually associated with chronic renal failure? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Hypochromic, B. Macrocytic, C. Normochromic normocytic, D. Microcytic', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: C \nExplanation: The anemia of chronic renal failure is usually normochromic normocytic. Hematocrit often stas to decrease when the serum creatinine level reaches 200 to 300 mmol/L (2 to 3 mg/dl) or when the glomerular filtration rate has decreased to about 20 to 30 ml/min. The etiology of the normochromic:normocytic anemia is probably a decreased synthesis of erythropoietin by the kidney. Ref: Bargman J.M., Skorecki K. (2012). Chapter 280. Chronic Kidney Disease. In D.L. Longo, A.S. Fauci, D.L. Kasper, S.L. Hauser, J.L. Jameson, J. Loscalzo (Eds), Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e.", 'role': 'assistant'}]