This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Microbiology
[{'content': 'Transmission of R factor is by - \nSelect and explain. \nA. Conjugation, B. Transduction, C. Transformation, D. Lysogenic conversion', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Conjugation\n\nBacterial conjugation is the transfer of genetic material between bacteria through direct cell to cell contact or through a bridge- like the connection between two cells.\nConjugation is a process whereby a donor (male) bacterium makes physical contact with a recipient (female) bacterium.\nDonor status is determined by the presence of plasmid.\nThis plasmid codes for specialized fimbria (sex pilus) and for self-transfer.\nSex pilus (conjugation tube) helps in the transfer of genetic material from male bacterium to female bacterium.\nThe plasmid is known as transfer factor (sex factor or fertility factor).\nThe plasmid may be R factor, which codes for transferrable multiple drug resistance.\nThe DNA of the plasmid replicates during transfer so that each bacterium receives a copy → Recipient becomes a donor and the donor retains its donor status.', 'role': 'assistant'}]