This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: General, Subject name: Microbiology
[{'content': 'A phenomenon in which transfer of genetic information occurs through the agency of free DNA is known as \nSelect and explain. \nA. Transduction, B. Transformation, C. Transcription, D. Translation', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Ans. b (Transformation) (Ref. Q. 102 of MHPGM-2003).TRANSMISSION OF GENETIC MATERIAL IN BACTERIA IS BY-ConjugationThe exchange of chromosomal or plasmid genes from one bacterium to another through conjugal bridgeTransductionThe delivery of bacterial genes from one bacterium to another via a virus vectorTransformationThe uptake and incorporation of free DNA from the environmentLysogenyThe stable association between a bacterium and a temperature phage. It imparts the important traits:O = Salmonella O antigen, B = botulinum toxin, E = erythrogenic toxin of Streptococcus pyogenes,D = diphtheria toxin, mnemonic: OBED (or a little pregnant with phage)TransposonA motile genetic element capable of transposition within a cell; these are responsible for the formation of multiple drug-resistance plasmidsTransfectionTransfer of a gene into a cell, enabling the transfected cell to form a new gene product.', 'role': 'assistant'}]