This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pediatrics
[{'content': 'All of the following statements are true regarding Vitamin A deficiency except – \nSelect and explain. \nA. Growth retardation is common, B. Frequent infections can occur, C. Hydrocephalus is infrequent, D. Anterior segment of the eye is initially involved', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: D \nExplanation: Clinical manifestations of Vit A Deficiency \n\nThe most obvious symptoms of vitamin A deficiency are associated with requirement of this vitamin for maintenance of epithelial functions -\n\n\nIntestine\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0 -->\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0 Pathogenic attack causes diarrhea\nRespiratory tract -->\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0 Infections & bronchial obstruction\nUrinary tract\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0 -->\xa0\xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0 \xa0UTI and caliculi\nSkin\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0 -->\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0 Dry, scaly, hyperkeratotic patches\nSquamous metaplasia of renal pelves, ureter, vaginal epithelium, and pancreatic & salivary ducts.\n\n\nPoor growth because of\n\n\nAbove health problems in children\nVitamin A helps in bone growth ---> deficiency may retard growth\n\n\nThe most characteristic and specific sign of vitamin A deficiency are eye lesions. Which include night blindness, conjuctival xerosis, Bitot's spots, corneal xerosis and keratomalacia. The term xerophthalmia (dry eye) comprises all the ocular manifestations of vitamin A deficiency.\nOther features are -\n\ni)\xa0\xa0\xa0 Skin becomes toad like (phrynoderma). But it is due to associated deficiency of essential fatty acids.\nii) Vitamin A deficiency may rarely lead to hydrocephalus.", 'role': 'assistant'}]