This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Biochemistry
[{'content': 'Which of the following is the procedure to separate and detect DNA fragments? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Southern blotting, B. Nohern blotting, C. Western blotting, D. DNA electrophoresis', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: A \nExplanation: The procedure to separate and detect DNA fragments is termed Southern blotting which is named after Edwin M. Southern. Here, DNA is first isolated and then digested into small fragments with restriction enzymes. Separation of the various segments of DNA is accomplished by incubating the DNA mixture in a gel matrix and then using electrophoresis. The same approach can be used with RNA and is termed Nohern blotting. Finally, a similar procedure can be performed to separate proteins in a procedure called Western blotting. However, in the case of proteins, hybridization is performed using an antibody to the protein of interest rather than a cDNA probe. Note Procedure to separate DNA - Southern Blotting RNA - Nohern Blotting Protein - Western Blotting Ref: Walsh R.A., Jain M.K., Proweller A. (2011). Chapter 6. Principles of Molecular Cardiology. In V. Fuster, R.A. Walsh, R.A. Harrington (Eds), Hurst's The Hea, 13e.", 'role': 'assistant'}]