This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Social & Preventive Medicine
[{'content': 'A cardiologist found a highly significant correlation coefficient (r = 0.090, p = 0.01) between the systolic blood pressure values and serum cholestrol values of the patients attending his clinic. Which of the following statements is a wrong interpretation of the correlation coefficiency observed ? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Since there is a high correlation, the magnitude of both the measurements are likely to be close to each other, B. A patient with a high level of systolic BP is also likely to have a high level of serum cholesterol., C. A patient with a low level of systolic BP is also likely to have a low level of serum cholesterol., D. About 80% of the variation in systolic blood pressure among his patients can be explained by their serum cholesterol values and vice a versa', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Correlation coefficients:\n\n– Pearson’s Correlation coefficient:\n– Spearman’s Rank Correlation coefficient\n\nCoefficient of determination:\n\n– Is the percentage of variation in a variable that is explained by one or more of the others\n– Is generally obtained in a regression setup\n– Coefficient of determination = (Correlation coefficient)2 = r2\nIn the given question, a cardiologist found a highly significant correlation coefficient (r = 0.90, p= 0.01) between the systolic blood pressure values and serum cholesterol values of the patients attending his clinic, Since r = + 0.90 (p = 0.01; implies significant relationship), it means there is a strong positive correlation between systolic blood pressure (SBP) and serum cholesterol (SC); therefore as SBP increases, SC will also increase and vice-versa. Thus, a patient with a high level of systolic BP is also likely to have a high level of serum cholesterol AND a patient with a low level of systolic BP is also likely to have a low level of serum cholesterol. Since r = + 0.9; Coefficient of determination = r2 = (0.9)2 = 0.81 Interpretation of r2: 0.81 or 81% of variation in systolic blood pressure among patients can be explained by their serum cholesterol values and vice-versa.', 'role': 'assistant'}]