This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology
[{'content': 'The most pre-cancerous condition for carcinoma colon is - \nSelect and explain. \nA. Familial polyposis, B. Hamartomatous polyps, C. Juvenile polyps, D. Hyperplastic polyps', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: A polyp is a tumorous mass that protrudes into the lumen of the gut.\nGIT polyps may be of following types\n\nA.\xa0Non-neoplastic polyps\n(i) \xa0Hyperplastic polyps\n\nMost common polyp of the large intestine\nHas no malignant potential.\n\n(ii) Hamartomatous polyps\n(a) Juvenile polyp →\xa0No malignant potential except in Juvenile polyposis syndrome\n(b)\xa0Retention polyp →\xa0No malignant potential except in Juvenile polyposis syndrome\n(c) Peutz Jeghers syndrome → Polyps are not premalignant but patients are at increased risk of developing\xa0extraintestinal carcinoma of pancreas, breast, lung, ovary and uterus.\n\n(B) Neoplastic polyps\n(i) Adenomatous polyp\n\nTubular adenoma\xa0→\xa0Has malignant potential (villous more than tubular).\nVillous adenoma\xa0→\xa0Has malignant potential (villous more than tubular).\n\n(ii) Familial polyposis (FAP) syndrome\n\nFAP can be further classified into\n\n(a) Classic FAP syndrome\n\nTypically develop 500 to 2500 colonic adenoma.\nA minimum of 100 polyps (adenoma) is necessary for a diagnosis of classic FAP.\n\n(b) Attenuated FAP\n\nFewer polyps (average, 30)\nRisk of cancer development is usually around 50%.\n\n(c) Gardner syndrome\n\nPolyps + multiple osteoma + epidermal cyst + Fibromatosis.\n\n(d) Turcot syndrome\n\nPolyps + CNS tumor (medulloblastoma, glioblastoma).\n\n(iii) Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) syndrome\n\nAlso, known as Lynch syndrome.\nCharacterized by an increased risk of colorectal cancer and extraintestinal cancer particularly of the endometrium.', 'role': 'assistant'}]