This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Nephrotic and Nephritic syndrome, Subject name: Medicine
[{'content': 'Renal vein thrombosis is associated with which underlying disease of the kidney? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Chronic glomerulonephritis, B. Pyelonephritis, C. SLE, D. Nephrotic syndrome', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Renal vein thrombosis (RVT) - occurs most commonly in patients with nephrotic syndrome The syndrome is responsible for a hypercoagulable state. Kidneys are enlarged Hematuria is present The excessive urinary protein loss is associated with decreased antithrombin III, a relative excess of fibrinogen, and changes in other clotting factors; all lead to a propensity to clot. Magnetic resonance venography -Most sensitive and specific noninvasive form of imaging to make the diagnosis of renal vein thrombosis', 'role': 'assistant'}]