This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology
[{'content': 'The following condition is not associated with an Antiphospholipid syndrome - \nSelect and explain. \nA. Venous thrombosis, B. Recurrent foetal loss, C. Thrombocytosis, D. Neurological manifestations', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Antiphospholipid syndrome \n\nAntiphospholipid syndrome develops in patients expressing antibodies to anionic phospholip. i.e., antiphospholipid antibody or lupus anticoagulant.\nRemember always, These antibodies are not only against phospholipid as it was believed, of these are antibodies\xa0against epitopes of plasma proteins are complexed with phospholipid.\n\tNote: Epitope is the portion of an antigen that actually binds with antibody.\nA variety of protein have been implicated β2-glycoprotein particularly imported, i.e., the antiphospholipid antibody is directed against the phospholipid - β2-glycoprotein complex.\nOther proteins are prothrombin, protein S, protein C, annexin V.\n\nThere are two categories of antiphospholipid syndrome.\n1.\xa0Secondary antiphospholipid syndrome\n\nWhen antiphospholipid syndrome is associated with SLE and other autoimmune disease like sjogren syndrome, RA, Bechet syndrome, systemic sclerosis etc.\n\n2.\xa0Primary antiphospholipid syndrome\n\nWhen antiphopholipid syndrome develops without associated SLE.\n\nClinical manifestations of antiphospholid syndrome\nIn antiphospholipid syndrome, there is hypercoagulability which results in recurrent venous and arterial thrombosis. This can affect virually any organ system, including the following -\n\n\nPeripheral venous system →\xa0DVT\nCNS\xa0→ \xa0Cerebrovascular accident, sinus thrombosis migraine, epilepsy.\xa0\xa0\nHaematological\xa0→\xa0Thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia.\nObstetrics →\xa0Abortion in 2nd & 3rd trimester (late fetal loss) is common but it may occur any time in pregnancy; recurrent abortion, eclampsia.\nPulmonary →\xa0Pulmonary embolism, pulmonary hypertension.\xa0 \xa0\nCardiac\xa0→\xa0\xa0Limbman - Sack endocarditis, MI.\nDermatological → \xa0Livedo reticularis, purpura, infarct/ulceration.\nOcular\xa0→ \xa0Amaurosis, retinal thrombosis.\nAdrenal → \xa0Infarction, hemorrhage.\nMusculoskeletal → \xa0Avascular necrosis of bone.\nCatastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome → Multiorgan infarction', 'role': 'assistant'}]