This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Gynaecology & Obstetrics
[{'content': "Halban's disease is due to: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Persistent corpus luteum, B. Deficient corpus luteum, C. Persistent trophoblast, D. Deficient trophoblast", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: A \nExplanation: Halban's disease: \n• Rare, self-limiting process.\n• Also called irregular shedding.\n• It is due to persistent corpus luteum due to incomplete withdrawl of LH even on 26 day of cycle. The CL continues to secret progesterone\n• Menstruation comes on time, is prolonged but not heavy. Slight bleeding continues intermittently for several days after proper flow.\n• D & C done on 5-6th of cycle - endometrial tissue shows presence of progestational changes (proliferative endometrium) along with secretory endometrium.\nPregnanediol is found in urine during menstruation.\n• Treatment - spontaneous cure or NSAIDs for 6 months.\nAlso know-Irregular ripening of corpus luteum\n• It is due to poor formation and function of corpus luteum.\n• The endometrium is without adequate hormonal support, so slight losses or spotting occur for many days before the proper flow starts.\nDiagnosis: \n• Serum progesterone <5 ng/mL (or urinary pregnanediol <3 mg) in luteal phase.\n• Endometrial study prior to or soon after spotting reveals patchy areas of secretory changes amidst proliferative endometrium.\nManagement: Administration of progestogens in premenstrual phase.", 'role': 'assistant'}]