This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery
[{'content': 'Brilliantly translucent swelling in the neck region in a 2 year old child, diagnosis is \nSelect and explain. \nA. Lipoma, B. Teratoma, C. Cystic Hygroma, D. Thyroglossal cyst', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: C \nExplanation: CYSTIC HYGROMA:\n• Cystic hygromas are multiloculated cystic spaces lined by endothelial cells.\n• It results due to sequestration of a portion of the jugular lymph sac from the lymphatic system.\n• Cysts are filled with clear lymph and are lined by endothelium.\n• Turner's syndrome is associated with cystic hygroma.\n• Most cystic hygromas involve the lymphatic jugular sacs.\n• MC site: Posterior neck region.\n• Other common sites: Axilla, mediastinum, inguinal and retroperitoneal regions.\n• Approximately 50% of them are present at birth.\n• It may show spontaneous regression.\nClinical Features\n• Usually present as soft cystic masses. that distort the surrounding anatomy, can result in acute airway obstruction.\n• Usually manifests in the neonates or in early infancy (50% present at birth).\n• Prone to infection and hemorrhage within the mass.\n• Swelling is soft and partially compressible and invariably increases in size, when the child coughs or cries.\n• Characteristic features: Brilliantly translucent.\nDiagnosis \n• MRI play a crucial role in preoperative planning.\nTreatment \n• Complete surgical excision is the preferred treatment.\n• Injection of sclerosing agents,\xa0such as bleomycin or OK-432 (Picibanil), derived from Streptococcus pyogenes may eradicate the cystic hygroma.", 'role': 'assistant'}]