This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Biochemistry
[{'content': 'A 50 year old male patient presents to the clinic for routine checkup. He is a known case of hypertension and is under medication. Lab investigations reveal plasma cholesterol levels 5.8 mmol/L and RBS 180 mg/dl. Physician advised the patient about diet restriction to prevent arteriosclerosis. All of the following can lead to the said condition except: \nSelect and explain. \nA. High plasma cholesterol levels, B. Diets high in cholesterol, C. Elevated blood triacylglycerol, D. Low LDL:HDL cholesterol ratio', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Atherosclerosis\xa0is\xa0an\xa0inflammatory\xa0disease\xa0characterized\xa0by the\xa0deposition\xa0of\xa0cholesterol\xa0and\xa0cholesteryl\xa0ester\xa0from\xa0the plasma lipoproteins into the artery wall and is a major cause of heart disease.\nElevated plasma cholesterol levels (>5.2 mmol/L) are\xa0one\xa0of\xa0the\xa0most\xa0important\xa0factors in promoting\xa0atherosclerosis, but it is now recognized that elevated blood triacylglycerol is also an independent risk factor. Diseases in which there is a prolonged elevation of levels of VLDL, IDL, chylomicron remnants, or LDL in the blood (eg, diabetes mellitus, lipid\xa0nephrosis,\xa0hypothyroidism,\xa0and other\xa0conditions\xa0of hyperlipidemia) are often accompanied by premature or more severe\xa0atherosclerosis.\xa0\nThere is\xa0also\xa0an\xa0inverse\xa0relationship between HDL (HDL2) concentrations and coronary heart disease, making the LDL:HDL cholesterol ratio a good predictive parameter. This is consistent with the function of HDL in reverse cholesterol transport.\nSusceptibility to atherosclerosis varies widely among species, and humans are one of the few in which the disease can be induced by diets high in cholesterol.\n\nKey Concept:\nLow LDL:HDL cholesterol ratio does not lead to arteriosclerosis.\nReference: HARPERS ILLUSTRATED BIOCHEMISTRY30th ed Page no 274', 'role': 'assistant'}]