This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pediatrics
[{'content': 'Acute hyponatremia in 8 month old infant may produce all except – \nSelect and explain. \nA. Diarrhoea, B. Convulsions, C. Muscle cramps and weakness, D. Vascular collapse', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Hyponatremia\n\n\nHyponatremia is defined as serum concentrationof Na+ < 130 meg/L.\nHyponatremia causes a decrease in the osmolality of ECF.\nBecause the intracellular space then has a higher osmolality, water Inevitably moves from the extracellular to intracellular space.\nIncrease in intracellular water causes cell to swell.\nAlthough cell swelling is not problematic in most tissues, it is potentially dangerous in the brain because it is contained in the fixed shell the skull.\nAs brain cells swell, there is an increase in ICI:\nSo brain cells swelling is responsibe for most of the symptoms of hvponatremia. \n\n❑ Anorexia, nausea & vomiting\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0 ❑ Headache\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0 ❑ Drowsiness\n❑ Convulsions\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0 ❑ Coma\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0 ❑ Circulatory failure and hypotension\n\nHyponatremia can also cause muscle cramp and weakness.\nCentral pontine myelinosis is classically associated with overlay rapid correction of hyponatremia.', 'role': 'assistant'}]