This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Social & Preventive Medicine
[{'content': 'Screening for condition recommended when - \nSelect and explain. \nA. Low case fatality rate, B. Diagnostic tools not available, C. No effective treatment available, D. Early diagnosis can change disease course because of effective treatment', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Criteria for screening\n\nThe criteria for screening are based on two consideration.\n\n\nDisease to be screened\nScreening test to be applied\n\nDisease to be screened\n\nThe disease to be screened should fulfill the following criteria before it is considered suitable for screening.\n\n\nThe condition sougth should be an important health problem (in general, prevalence should be high).\nThere should be a recognizable latent or early asymptomatic stage.\nThe natural history of the condition, including development from latent to declared disease, should be adequately understood (so that we can know at what stage the process ceases to be reversible).\nThere is a test that can detect the disease prior to the onset of signs and symptoms.\nfacilities should be available for confirmation of the diagnosis.\nThere is an effective treatment.\nThere should be an agreed-on policy concerning whom to treat as patients (e.g., lower ranges of blood pressure; border-line diabetes).\nThere is good evidence that early detection and treatment reduces morbidity and mortality.\nThe expected benefits (e.g., the number of lives saved) of early detection exceed the risks and costs.', 'role': 'assistant'}]