This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology
[{'content': "Hypopituitarism in the adult is usually due to infarction of the pituitary called as: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Simmonds’ diseases, B. Hilton's disease, C. Wilson disease, D. Addison disease", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Hypopituitarism in the adult is usually due to an infarction of the pituitary called Simmonds’ disease.\xa0\n\xa0It is characterized by loss of weight and diminished sexual function.\xa0The basal metabolic rate is\xa0markedly lowered, and since Simmonds’ disease represents a panhypopituitarism, there is a decrease\xa0in the activity of the many hormones of the pituitary gland and of those glands that are under\xa0pituitary regulation. In this disease, the skin shows atrophic alterations. Changes in the head include\xa0thin eyebrows, loss of eyelashes, sharp features, thin lips, and an immobile expression. There will be a decreased salivary ﬂow due to hyperfunctioning of salivary glands which leads to increased caries\xa0activity and periodontal disease.', 'role': 'assistant'}]