This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pediatrics
[{'content': 'A neonate delivered at 38 weeks of gestation with a birth weight of 2.2 kg develops intolerance to feed/abdominal distension on the second day. Physical examination is unremarkable. Sepsis screen is negative. PCV is observed to be 72%. Which of the following represents the best management option – \nSelect and explain. \nA. Hydration with IV Fluids, B. Partial Exchange Transfusion, C. Presumptive treatment for sepsis, D. Medical Management for intestinal obstruction', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: PCV 72% in a neonate suggests the diagnosis of neonatal polycythemia.\nPolycythemia is defined as central venous hematocrit  level of greater than 65%.\nThe neonate in question is also having an intolerance to feed and abdominal distension.\nSo, this neonate is having symptomatic neonatal polycythemia.\n\nTreatment of neonatal polycythemia\n\nTherapy in newborns with polycythemia is based on both the measured central venous hematocrit level and the presence or absence of symptoms.\n\n(1) Symptomatic polycythemia\n\nPartial exchange transfusion is the treatment of choice.\n\n(2) Asymptomatic polycythemia\n\nIn asymptomatic polycythemia, treatment depends upon hematocrit level (PCV).\n\n(i) PCV 65-75%\n\nPerform cardiorespiratory monitoring and monitoring of hematocrit and glucose levels every 6-12 hours and observe the patients for symptoms\nIf hematocrit (PCV) becomes more than 75%, consider partial exchange transfusion (PET).\n\nii) PCV> 75%\n\nPartial exchange transfusion (PET) is the treatment of choice.', 'role': 'assistant'}]