This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Chemotherapy, Subject name: Pharmacology
[{'content': 'Alkalinisation of urine ameliorates the toxicity of which of the following drugs? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Arabinoside-cytosine, B. Ifosfamide, C. Cisplatin, D. Methotrexate', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: METHOTREXATE: High-dose therapy requires adequate hydration and urine alkalinization Delay methotrexate if severe myelosuppression, hepatotoxicity, mucositis, or pleural effusion present. Acetazolamide, 500 mg 6 hourly, has been used to alkalinise the urine in patients receiving high dose methotrexate. A urinary pH of greater than 7.5 was achieved in every cycle (13 cycles in 10 patients). In 6 cycles a single supplementary dose of sodium bicarbonate was necessary. Plasma methotrexate levels fell satisfactorily at 24 and 48 h. Acetazolamide is a simple and effective method of achieving urinary alkalinisation with advantages over oral and intravenous bicarbonate. REFERENCE: www.medscape.com, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov', 'role': 'assistant'}]