This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Miscellaneous, Subject name: Medicine
[{'content': 'About Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI), whiat is false ? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Anti-HLA antibodies are seen, B. Implicated donors are frequently multiparous women, C. Leucocytes aggregate in the pulmonary vasculature, D. Develops signs of non cardiogenic pulmonary edema', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: A \nExplanation: Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury TRALI is among the most common cause of transfusion related fatalities. The recipient develops symptoms of hypoxia (PaO2/FiO2 < 300 mmHg) and signs of non\x02cardiogenic pulmonary edema, including bilateral interstitial infiltrates on chest x-ray, either during or within 6 h of transfusion. Treatment issuppoive, and patients usually recover without sequelae. TRALI usu\x02ally results from the transfusion of donor plasma that contains high-titer anti-HLA class II antibodies that bind recipient leukocytes. Anti-HLA class I and anti-human neutrophil antigen (HNA) antibodies can be involved as well. The leukocytes aggregate in the pulmonary vascula\x02ture and release mediators that increase capillary permeability. Testing the donor's plasma for anti-HLA antibodies can suppo this diagnosis. The implicated donors are frequently multiparous women. The transfu\x02sion of plasma and platelets from male and nulliparous women donors reduces the risk of TRALI. Recipient factors that are associated with increased risk of TRALI include smoking, chronic alcohol use, shock, liver surgery (transplantation), mechanical ventilation with >30 cm H20 pressure suppo and positive fluid balance. Ref - Harrisons 20e p814", 'role': 'assistant'}]