This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Metabolism of carbohydrate, Subject name: Biochemistry
[{'content': 'Pyruvate is conveed to which substance to sta gluconeogenesis? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Oxaloacetate, B. Phosphenol pyruvate, C. Cis-aconitate, D. Succinate', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: GLUCONEOGENESIS 1. Definition - It is the process by which glucose molecules are produced from non-carbohydrate precursors. These include lactate, glucogenic amino acids, glycerol pa of fat and propionyl CoA derived from odd chain fatty acids. 2. Site - Gluconeogenesis occurs mainly in the liver, and to a lesser extent in the renal coex. The pathway is paly mitochondrial and paly cytoplasmic. 3. Key Gluconeogenic Enzymes - Pyruvate carboxylase, Phosphoenol pyruvate carboxy kinase, Fructose-1-6-bisphosphatase, Glucose-6-phosphatase. 1. Pyruvate Carboxylase Reaction - Pyruvate in the cytoplasm enters the mitochondria. Then, carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate is catalysed by a mitochondrial enzyme, pyruvate carboxylase. It needs the co-enzymes biotin and ATP. REF:DM VASUDEVAN TEXTBOOK OF BIOCHEMISTRY,EIGHTH EDITION,PG.NO.,136.', 'role': 'assistant'}]