This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Anaesthesia
[{'content': 'Which of the following signs of congestive cardiac failure constitute a major risk to the surgical patient undergoing anaesthesia ? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Jugular venous distention and third heart sound, B. Cardiomegaly, C. Pedal oedema, D. Basal crepitations on auscultation', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Higher perioperative risk is seen with :- Systemic hypertension, elevated jugular venous pressure, pulmonary rales, the presence of third heart sound, murmurs suggestive of significant valvular disease, and vascular bruits.', 'role': 'assistant'}]