This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: FMGE 2019, Subject name: Surgery
[{'content': '40 years old patient with femur fracture with pulmonary infiltration and respiratory distress \nSelect and explain. \nA. Fat embolism, B. Pulmonary embolism, C. Air embolism, D. Obstruction', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Fat embolism Patient presenting long bone fractures + respiratory distress +petechiae / hemorrhage in brain suggests: fat embolism syndrome Generally associated with displaced long bone fractures of lower extremities Fat embolism will reach in the brain through a right to left cardiac shunt or through an intact pulmonary circulation in the patient without the shunt Major clinical characteristics: respiratory insufficiency, neurologic symptoms, and petechial skin rash', 'role': 'assistant'}]