This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pediatrics
[{'content': 'Hypernatremic dehydration is characterised by –a) Serum sodium > 150 mmol/Lb) Signs of dehydration are minimalc) ECF volume ↓edd) Rapid carrection is requirede) Shift of water from ECF to ICF \nSelect and explain. \nA. ac, B. a, C. ad, D. ab', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Hypernatremic dehydration\n\nIn about 5% of diarrhoea cases (especially if the child has been given fluids with more salt), serum sodium level may be elevated to more than 150 mEq/L. In this patient, the osmotic pressure of ECF is relatively higher. Therefore water comes from inside the cells to the extracellular fluids and therefore partially masks the loss of skin turgor.\nThe skin may appear soggy, doughy or leathery.\nSuch patient is in severe hypernatremic dehydration and is underestimated as mild dehydration.\nSevere hypernatremia may result in cerebral haemorrhage, thrombosis and subdural effusion. The cerebral injury (due to cerebral cellular dehydration) leads to the permanent neurological deficit, if not corrected timely.\nThus hypernatremic dehydration is more dangerous than hyponatremic dehydration.', 'role': 'assistant'}]