This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Microbiology
[{'content': 'Natural method of horizontal gene transfer among bacteria includes:\n(A)Electroporation\n(B)Transduction\n(C)Transformation\n(D)Conjugation\n(E)Mutation \nSelect and explain. \nA. BCD, B. ACB, C. BCA, D. DAB', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: ACTINOMYCES\nMorphology\no Gram positive\no Non motile\no Non sporing\no Non-acid fast\no Non-capsulated\no Filaments that break up into bacillary and coccoid elements.\nPathogenesis\no Actinomyces are members of normal oral flora and are often cultured from bronchi, GI. tract, and the\nfemale genital tract.\no Actinomycosis in human beings is an endogenous infection.\no The critical step in the development of actinomycosis is disruption of mucosal barrier.\no Foreign bodies appear to facilitate infection. This association most frequently involves IUCD.\nClinical manifestations\no Young males (10-30 years) are most commonly affected\no Actinomycosis is a chronic granulomatous infection. It is characterized by the development of\nindurated swellings, suppuration and the discharge of sulphur granules.', 'role': 'assistant'}]