This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Analytical Epidemiology, Subject name: Social & Preventive Medicine
[{'content': 'In a case controlled study, it is found that the disease is more common in the group taking coffee as compared to the control group. The significance of this is: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Cause and effect relationship established, B. Disease median can be calculated, C. Caffeine is associated with occurrence of disease, D. Controls will not get the disease', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: C \nExplanation: Ans is 'c' i.e. Caffeine is associated with the occurrence of the diseases [Ref: Park 20/e, p 69 (18/e, p 68, 17/e p64, 16/e,p62)[Cause and effect relationship is not established by case control study. It can be established by cohort study. A case control study cannot distinguish between causal factors and associated factors.A case control study can measure only the odd ratio ( an estimate of relative risk)A case control study does not establish a cause and effect relationship but it definately tells that caffeine is associated with the disease under study.", 'role': 'assistant'}]