This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology
[{'content': 'In atherosclerosis, increased LDL in monocyte/macrophage is due to - \nSelect and explain. \nA. LDL receptors on macrophage, B. LDL receptors on endothelium, C. Lipids in LDL get oxidized, D. All of the above', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Oxidized LDL is a particularly important relation to atherosclerosis.\nMacrophages and endothelial cells generate oxygen free radicals that induce a chemical change in LDL to yield oxidized (modified) LDL. Oxidized LDL has following effects -\n\n\nIngested by macrophages through the scavenger receptor, distinct from LDL receptors, thus forming foam cells.\nIncreases monocyte accumulation in lesions.\nStimulates release of growth factors and cytokines.\nIs cytotoxic to smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells.\n\nRemember - Foam cells are lipid-laden cells that derive predominantly from macrophages, but smooth muscle cells can also imbibe lipid to become foam cells', 'role': 'assistant'}]