This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Microbiology
[{'content': 'A patient was on long term antibiotic therapy for peritonitis. During the course of treatment, he develops mucus diarrhea. Most likely cause of diarrhea is: September 2012 \nSelect and explain. \nA. Peritonitis, B. Antibiotic associated diarrhea, C. Immunocompromised state, D. Altered bowel habits', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Ans. B i.e. Antibiotic associated diarrhea Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD)It results from an imbalance in the colonic microbiota caused by antibiotic therapy.Microbiota alteration changes carbohydrate metabolism with decreased sho-chain fatty acid absorption and an osmotic diarrhea as a result.Another consequence of antibiotic therapy leading to diarrhea is overgrowth of potentially pathogenic organisms such as Clostridium difficile.It is defined as frequent loose and watery stools with no other complications.', 'role': 'assistant'}]