This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Microbiology
[{'content': 'The influenza virus has - \nSelect and explain. \nA. 5 segments of SS RNA, B. 8 Segments of ds DNA, C. 8 segments of ssDNA, D. 8 segments of ssRNA', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Influenza virus\n\n\xa0Belong to orthomyxoviridae → Envelope, RNA virus\n\xa0Contain single stranded RNA which is segmented → 8 pieces\n\xa0There are three viral subtypes\n\n1. Type A → Causes all pandemics and most of the epidemics\n2 Type B → Can cause epidemics\n3. Type C → Causes endemic infection\n\n\xa0Three types of influenza viruses are circulating in world →A(H1N1), A(H3N2) and B\n\xa0A new type has been recognized →A (H5N1)\n\xa0Source of infection → Case or subclinical case\n\xa0Mode of transmission → Droplet infection by respiratory\xa0route\n\xa0Incubation period → 18-72 hours\n\xa0Clinical manifestations\n\nMost infections are subclinical\nFever, headache and myalgia\nRespiratory → coughing\nThere is no viremia\n\n\xa0Complications\n\nPneumonia\xa0→ M.C. by str. pneumoniae\nWorsening of COPD\nEncephalitis\nReye’s Syndrome→ with type B virus\nGB. Syndrome\nGI Symptoms (gastric flu)→ Type B virus\n\n\xa0Laboratory diagnosis\n\nMost commonly, the diagnosis is established by the use of rapid viral tests that detect viral\xa0nucleoprotein or neuraminidase.', 'role': 'assistant'}]