This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology
[{'content': "Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome is characterized by -a) Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemiab) ↓ed LDHc) Thrombocytopeniad) Renal failuree) Positive Coomb's test \nSelect and explain. \nA. abc, B. ad, C. acd, D. bde", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Hemolytic uremic syndrome\n\nHemolytic uremic syndrome is characterized by the triad of :\n\n\nAnemia\xa0(microangiopathic hemolytic anemia).\nRenal failure\xa0(microangiopathy of kidney involving glomerular capillaries and arterioles).\nThrombocytopenia (due to platelet consumption).\n\n\nHemolytic uremic syndrome is most common is children under 2 years of age.\nIt usually follows an episode of acute gastroenterities, often triggered by E coli.\nThe prodrome is usually of abdominal pain, diarrhoea and vomiting.\nShortly thereafter, signs and symptoms of acute hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and acute renal failure ensue.\nSometimes neurological findings also occur.\xa0(But usually absent and differentiate\xa0HUS\xa0from\xa0TTP.)\nRarely HUS may follow respiratory tract infection.\nEtiology\nGastrointestinal infection in infants with the following organism :\nE coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Streptococouus pneumoniae\xa0\nHematological findings in a case of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia :\nPresence of\xa0schistocytes\xa0(fragmented red cells). This is the\xa0hallmark\xa0of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia.\nNeutrophil leukocytosis.\nThrombocytopenia.\nHemoglobinuria is mild to moderate with hemosiderinuria.\nBlood urea and serum creatinine\nElevated serum LDH', 'role': 'assistant'}]