This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pharmacology
[{'content': 'Choose the drug whose single oral dose affords clinical cure of uncomplicated malaria caused by chloroquine sensitive/resistant P. falciparum as well as P. vivax: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Quinine, B. Mefloquine, C. Artesunate, D. Proguanil', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Mefloquine is effective as a single dose treatment of malaria. It can be used for both chloroquine sensitive as well resistant bacteria.\nMefloquine\xa0 is an effective single agent for prophylaxis and\xa0 treatment\xa0of\xa0infections\xa0caused\xa0by\xa0multidrug-resistant forms\xa0of P. falciparum.\xa0\nMefloquine\xa0250 mg started\xa01- 2 weeks before and\xa0taken\xa0weekly\xa0till 4\xa0weeks\xa0after\xa0return from\xa0endemic\xa0area,\xa0has\xa0been used\xa0for\xa0areas where CQ-resistant Plasmodium falciparum is\xa0prevalent.\xa0In\xa0India, use\xa0of mefloquine\xa0for\xa0prophylaxis\xa0is\xa0not allowed\xa0among\xa0residents, but\xa0may\xa0be\xa0used by\xa0travellers\xa0for long\xa0 term\xa0(6\xa0weeks\xa0to 1 year)\xa0prophylaxis. If tolerated,\xa0mefloquine\xa0is\xa0a\xa0prophylactic\xa0with\xa0proven efficacy but\xa0should\xa0not\xa0be\xa0used\xa0in\xa0subjects\xa0with\xa0history of neuropsychiatric\xa0illness,\xa0convulsions\xa0 or\xa0 heart disease and for mefloquine-resistant Pf\xa0areas (Myanmar, Thailand,\xa0Cambodia).\u200b\nReference: Lippincott Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology Wolters Kluwer Sixth Edition page no 553, Essentials of Medical Pharmacology Eighth Edition KD\xa0 TRIPATHI\xa0 page no 875\u200b', 'role': 'assistant'}]