This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology
[{'content': 'TNF and IL1 are produced by - \nSelect and explain. \nA. Neutrophils, B. Monocytes, C. Activated Macrophages, D. Lymphocytes', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) and Interleukin-1 (IL-1)\n\nTNF and IL-l serve critical\xa0roles in leukocyte recruitment by promoting\xa0adhesion of leukocytes to\xa0endothelium and their migration\xa0through vessels.\nThese cytokines are produced mainly by activated\xa0macrophages and dendritic\xa0cells; TNF is also produced\xa0by T lymphocytes and mast cells, and IL-l is produced by some epithelial cells as well.\nThe secretion\xa0of TNF and IL-1 can be stimulated\xa0by microbial products, immune complexes, foreign\xa0bodies, physical injury, and a variety of other inflammatory stimuli.', 'role': 'assistant'}]