This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Physiology
[{'content': 'Complex sectioning (transverse) at mid pons level along with vagi results in \nSelect and explain. \nA. Asphyxia, B. Hyperventilation, C. Rapid and shallow breathing, D. Apneusis', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: → Section A: Cut at upper part of pons: (Decerebration):\xa0Normal rhythmic breathing continues. Loss of\xa0voluntary breath\xa0holding. If vagi are cut, increase\xa0in depth and slow breathing.\n→ Section B: Cut at mid-pons: Apneustic center (Ap)\xa0intact but pneumotaxic centre separated. Ap stimulates\xa0Inspiratory (I) neurons, which increase depth of\xa0breathing.\n\nVagi intact: Regular respiration with deep and\xa0slow breathing (increase in TV and a slight\xa0decrease in RR).\nVagi cut: Arrest of respiration in maximum\xa0inspiratory phase (apneusis) interrupted by brief\xa0expiration.\n\n→\xa0Section C: Cut at inferior portion of pons: All the\xa0pontine tissue is separated\n\nVagi intact: Irregular and gasping but it is\xa0rhythmic (because pacemaker tissue is intact).\nVagi cut: Same effect as above, because vagi are\xa0connected to Ap center.\n\n→\xa0Section D: Cut below medulla: Complete transection\xa0of brainstem:\n\nStops all respiration (apnoea and death).\n\nBilateral vagotomy only: Regular respiration with\xa0deep and slow breathing (increase in TV and a slight decrease in RR).', 'role': 'assistant'}]