This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Genetic Basics Of Carcinogenesis, Subject name: Pathology
[{'content': 'A 68-year-old man has a long history of prostate cancer that was metastatic at the time of diagnosis. Over the past 2 months, he has had significant weight loss, loss of appetite, and loss of energy. His current spectrum of conditions can be attributed to which of the following \nSelect and explain. \nA. Platelet-derived growth factor, B. Fibroblast growth factor, C. Interleukin-2, D. Tumor necrosis factor-a', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Cachexia, or wasting due to cancer manifests with weakness, weight loss, anorexia, anemia, and infection. The principal cytokine responsible for such changes is tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a). -Both platelet-derived growth factor and fibroblast growth factor are involved in wound healing. -Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is an immuno-stimulating cytokine produced by activated T cells. -Vascular endothelial growth factor is impoant in the proliferation of blood vessels in a growing tumor.', 'role': 'assistant'}]