This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology
[{'content': 'The chronic granulomatous disease is- \nSelect and explain. \nA. A leukocyte function defect, B. Associated with formation of multiple granulomas, C. A benign neoplastic process, D. A parasitic disease', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD)\no It is a group of disorders of granulocyte and monocyte oxidative metabolism,\no Inheritance\n\nX-linked (Most common)\nAutosomal recessive\n\no Phagocytosis is normal but leucocytes do not undergo degranulation following phagocytosis,\no The diminished H.CL production appears to be the major reason for the defective bactericidal defect.\no Mutation in the genes for the four proteins that assemble at the plasma membrane account for all patients\xa0with CGD:\n\nTwo proteins from the heterodimer cytochrome b - 558 in the plasma membrane.\nTwo other proteins interact with cytochrome after cel! activation to form NADPH oxidase\xa0required for hydrogen peroxide production.\n\no The bacteria involved in recurrent infections are catalase positive pyogenic pathogens such as\xa0staphylococci and coliforms. Catalase negative pathogens such as streptococci and pneumococci are\xa0handled normally.\no There is excessive inflammation with granulomas formation,\no C/Fs □ Suppurative lymphadenopathy\n\nGingivitis\nAphthous ulceration\nSeborrheic dermatitis\nObstruction of the gastrointestinal or genitourinary tract by granulomas.\nAutoimmune complications:\nImmune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)\nJuvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA).\n\no Test for the diagnosis\n4. Nitroblue tetrazolium (P4B T) test\n5. Dihydrorhodamine, DHR (oxidation) test\n6. Immunoblot for NADPH oxidase components', 'role': 'assistant'}]