This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology
[{'content': 'Cancer cells derive energy from - \nSelect and explain. \nA. Glycolysis, B. Oxidative metabolism, C. Increased mitochondria, D. None', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Cancer cells are dependent on aerobic glycolysis for continued growth.\nFast growing, poorly-differentiated cancer cells characteristically show high aerobic glycolysis.\nA Serine/threonine kinase Akt stimulate glycolysis in malignant cells.\nActivation of Akt oncogene is sufficient to stimulate the switch to aerobic glycolysis characteristic of cancer cells and Akt activity renders cancer cells dependent on aerobic glycolysis for continued growth and survival.\n\nFollowing information have been added in 8th /e of Robbins \n\nEven in the presence of ample oxygen, cancer cells shift their glucose metabolism away from the oxygen hungry, but efficient, mitochondria to glycolysis.\nThis phenomenon called the Warburg effect and also known as aerobic glycolysis.\nThis metabolic alteration is so common to tumors that some would call it the eighth hallmark of cancer:\nClinically, the "glucose-hunger" of tumors is used to visualize tumors via positron emission tomography (PET) scanning, in which patients are injected with 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose, a non-metabolizing derivative of glucose that is preferentially taken up into tumor cells (as well as normal actively dividing tissues such as bone marrow).', 'role': 'assistant'}]