This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: General pharmacology, Subject name: Pharmacology
[{'content': 'Ebstein anamoly is caused by usage of wof \nSelect and explain. \nA. Phenytoin, B. Lithium, C. Warfarin, D. Enalapril', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Lithium In take by mother during pregnancy leads to Ebstein anomaly in fetus. Teratogenicity It refers to the capacity of a drug to cause foetal abnormalities when administered to the pregnant mother. The placenta does not constitute a strict barrier, and any drug can cross it to a greater or lesser extent. The embryo is one of the most dynamic biological systems and in contrast to adults, drug effects are often irreversible. The thalidomide disaster (1958-61) resulting in thousands of babies born with phocomelia (seal like limbs). Drugs can affect the foetus at 3 stages-- (i) Feilization and implantation-- conception to 17 days--failure of pregnancy which often goes unnoticed. (ii) Organogenesis-- 18 to 55 days of gestation--most vulnerable period, deformities are produced. (iii) Growth and development-- 56 days onwards-- developmental and functional abnormalities can occur, e.g. ACE inhibitors can cause hypoplasia of organs, especially of lungs and kidneys; NSAIDs may induce premature closure of ductus aeriosus; androgens and progestins cause masculanization of female foetus, antithyroid drugs and lithium cause foetal goiter. Ref:- kd tripathi; pg num:-89', 'role': 'assistant'}]