This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pediatrics
[{'content': 'A New born weighing 1000g is born at gestational age of 30 weeks with respiratory distress after 2–3 hours of birth. What are the diagnostic possibilities – \nSelect and explain. \nA. Diaphragmatic hernia, B. HMD, C. Pulmonary hemorrhage, D. All of these', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Pulmonar causes of neonatal res irator distress\n\nRespiratory distress syndrome (hyaline membrane disease)\nMeconium aspiration syndrome\nPneumonia\nTransient tachypnea of newborn\nPersistent pulmonary hypertension\nCongenital malformation —> TEF, Diaphragmatic hernia, lobar emphysema, pulmonary hypoplasia.\nUpper airway obustruction --> choanal atresia, vocal cord palasy, lingual thyroid.\n\n\nPulmonary hemorrhage\n\nComing back to question -\n\nThe newborn baby in this question is preterm neonate (born before 37 weeks).\nDiaphragmatic hernia may occur in term or preterm infants and may present as respiratory distress soon after birth.\nHyaline membrane disease (HMD) is a disease of preterm neonates and present as respiratory distress during first 6 hours of life.\nBronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) occurs most commonly in neonate of HMD who have been treated with oxygen and positive pressure ventilation ---> Instead of showing improvement on 3rd-4th day, some infants of HMD develop an increased need of oxygen and ventilatory support. So, BPD is not a differential diagnosis of respiratory distress at 2-3 hours after birth.', 'role': 'assistant'}]