This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology
[{'content': "p-ANCA is sensitive and specific for- \nSelect and explain. \nA. Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis, B. Idiopathic crescentic glomerulonephritis, C. Diffuse glomerulosclerosis, D. Wegener's granulomatosis", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: B \nExplanation: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)\n\nANCA are a heterogeneous group of autoantibodies directed against antigens which are found within the primary granules of neutrophil and in the lysosomes of monocytes and in EC's.\nThe description of these autoantibodies is based on the immunofluorescence pattern of staining of ethanol-fixed neutrophils. With immunofluorescence two principal patterns are recognized:\n\n1.\xa0Cytoplasmic (c-ANCA):\n\nThis shows cytoplasmic localization of the staining and the target antigen for this type of autoantibody is — proteinase-3 (PR3), a neutrophil granule constituent.\n\n2.\xa0Perinuclear staining (p-ANCA)\xa0—\n\nThis shows perinuclear staining and the target antigen here is myeloperoxide (MPO).\xa0Remember that either of these antibodies may occur in a patient with ANCA associated small vessel vasculitis but\n\n(i)\xa0cANCA\xa0Typically found in\n\nWegener's granulomatosis\n\n(ii)\xa0pANCA\xa0Typically found in\n\nMicroscopic polyangiitis\nChurg-Strauss syndrome\nIdiopathic crescentic glomerulonephritis\nGoodpasture's syndrome.\npANCA's are also associated with certain non-vasculitic entities such as certain rheumatic and nonrheumatic autoimmune diseases, Inflammatory bowel diseases, certain drugs, \xa0infections such as endocarditis and bacterial airway infection in patients with cystic fibrosis.", 'role': 'assistant'}]