This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Gynaecology & Obstetrics
[{'content': 'Late hyperglycemia in pregnancy is associated with: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Macrosomia, B. IUGR, C. Postmaturity, D. Congenital malformation', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: “Hyperglycemia at the time of conception results in enhanced rates of spontaneous abortion and major congenital malformations. Hyperglycemia in later pregnancy increases the risk for macrosomia, hypocalcemia, polycythemia, respiratory difficulties, cardiomyopathy, and congestive heart failure.”\nCOGDT 10/e, p 316\nMacrosomia:\n\nFetal macrosomia is defined by ACOG as fetal birth weight is > 4500 g.\nMacrosomic fetuses have extensive fat deposits on the shoulder\xa0and trunk\xa0which is associated with increased incidence of shoulder dystocia.\nOrgan which is not affected in macrosomia is brain.\nControl of postparandial blood sugar levels is very important for preventing macrosomia.\nFor diagnosing macrosomia: USG is performed every 4 weeks, starting at 20 weeks of gestation.\nFirst sign of developing macrosomia is: increase in abdominal circumference more than other measurements.\nManagement : If wt of fetus is > 4.5 kg in diabetic mothers or > 5 kg in non diabetic mothers–section is recommended.', 'role': 'assistant'}]