This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Microbiology
[{'content': 'R-factor in bacteria is transferred by \nSelect and explain. \nA. Transduction, B. Transformation, C. Conjugation, D. Vertical transmission', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Conjugation\n\nBacterial conjugation is the transfer of genetic material between bacteria through direct cell to cell contact or through a bridge- like the connection between two cells.\nConjugation is a process whereby a donor (male) bacterium makes physical contact with a recipient (female) bacterium.\nDonor status is determined by the presence of plasmid.\nThis plasmid codes for specialized fimbria (sex pilus) and for self-transfer.\nSex pilus (conjugation tube) helps in transfer of genetic material from male bacterium to female bacterium.\nThe plasmid is known as transfer factor (sex factor or fertility\xa0factor).\nThe plasmid may be R factory which codes for transferrable multiple drug resistance.\nThe DNA of the plasmid replicates during transfer so that each bacterium receives a copy → Recipient becomes a donor and the donor retains its donor status.', 'role': 'assistant'}]