This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Oesophagus, Subject name: Surgery
[{'content': 'Corkscrew esophagus is seen in which of the following conditions? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Carcinoma esophagus, B. Scleroderma, C. Achalasia cardia, D. Diffuse esophageal spasm', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Ans. (d) Diffuse esophagus spasmRef Sabiston 20th edition, Pages 1015-1018 Salient Points in DES:* Most common in women (Achalasia - Equal)* High amplitude repetitive contraction (Achalasia - Low Amplitude)* Chest pain and dysphagia* Cork screw appearance* Gold standard - Manometry* Main stay of management is Nonsurgical and medical with nitrates and CCB* Long esophagomyotomy is for failed cases and cases with epiphrenic diverticulumSalient Points in Nut cracker esophagus:* Super squeeze esophagus* MC and Most painful hypermotility disorder.* Medical management is the only option.', 'role': 'assistant'}]