This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Social & Preventive Medicine
[{'content': 'Demographic divided is due to - \nSelect and explain. \nA. Increase fertility, B. Decrease fertility, C. Decrease in death rate, D. None', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: B \nExplanation: Demographic window\n\nThe period of time in a nation's demographic evolution when the proportion of population of working age group (15-55 years) is particularly prominent people < 15 years of age are less than 30% and > 65 years of age are less than 15%.\nThe demographic window opportunity lasts for 30-40 years (i.e. from the age of 15 to age of 55).\nDemographic window of India is expected from 2010 to 2050\n\nDemographic dividend\n\nA rise in the rate of economic growth due to a rising share of working age people in a population.\nIt occurs when fertility rate falls. Lets see why :-\n\nBecause of mechanical link between fertility levels and age structure, when the birth rate (fertility) falls, the age pyramid first shrinks with gradual lower proportion of young population (under 15 years) and proportion of population in working age group increases. This has following effects -\ni)\xa0\xa0The respective nation has demographic window.\nOutput per capita rises as population in working age group is prominent and dependency ratio (child dependency ratio) is decreased.\nIn other words, decrease fertility rate is responsible for demographic dividend and demographic window.\nDemographic gift\n\nThis the gift due to decreased fertility rate.\nThat means favorable effects (demographic dividend) of decrease in fertility rate.\n\nDemographic transition\n\nA model used to explain the process of transition from high birth rate & death rate to low birth rate & death rate.\n\nDemographic trap\n\nThis trap is the population growth due to high birth rate and low death rate.\n\nDemography bonus\n\nThe term demography bonus connotes the period when the dependency ratio in a population declines because of decline in fertility, until it starts to rise again because of increasing longevity.\n\nDemographic burden\n\nIt is the increase in the total dependency ratio during any period of time, mostly caused by increased old age dependency ratio.", 'role': 'assistant'}]