This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology
[{'content': 'Hereditary spherocytosis is caused by mutations in: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Ankyrin, B. Band 3, C. Spectrin, D. All of the above', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Hereditary spherocytosis is caused by diverse mutations that lead to an insufficiency of membrane skeletal components. The pathogenic mutations most commonly affect ankyrin, band 3, spectrin, or band 4.2, the proteins involved in the first of the two tethering interactions, presumably because this complex is paicularly impoant in stabilizing the lipid bilayer. Ref: Robbins 8th edition Chapter 14.', 'role': 'assistant'}]