This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology
[{'content': 'Macrophage activation syndrome characterized by all except \nSelect and explain. \nA. Activation of CD 8 + T cells, B. Low levels of plasma ferretin, C. Presence of cytokine storm, D. It is the other name for hemophagocy', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Hemophagocv_c Lymphohis_ocvtosis\no Hemophagocytic lymphohis_ocytosis (HLH) is a reactive condition marked by cytopenias and signs and\nsymptoms of systemic inflammation related to macrophage activation. For this reason, it is also\nsometimes referred to as macrophage activation syndrome. Pathogenesis\xa0\xa0The common feature of all forms of HLH is systemic activation of macrophages and CD8+ cytotoxic T Cells,\n\xa0The activated macrophages phagocytose blood cell progenitors in the marrow and formed elements in\nthe peripheral issues, while the “stew” of mediators released from macrophages and lymphocytes\nSuppress hematopoietic and produce symptoms of systemic inflammation.\n\xa0These effects lead to cytopenias and a shock-like picture sometimes referred to as “cytokine storm” or\nThe systemic inflammatory response syndrome.\n\xa0Familial forms of HLH are associated with several different mutations, all of which impact the ability of\nCytotoxic T cells and NK to properly form or deploy cytotoxic granules,\n\xa0The most common trigger for HLH is an infection, particularly with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).\nClinical Features\no Most patients present with an acute febrile illness associated with splenomegaly and hepatomegaly,\no Hemophagocytosis is usually seen on bone marrow examination, but is neither sufficient nor required to\nMake the diagnosis.\n\xa0Laboratory studies typically reveal anaemia, thrombocytopenia, and very high levels of plasma functional and\nSoluble IL-2 receptor, both indicative of severe inflammation, as well as elevated liver function tests and\nTriglyceride levels, both related to hepatesises.\no Coagulation studies may show evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation. If untreated, this A picture can progress rapidly to multiorgan failure, shock, and death.\nTreatment Involves the use of immunosuppressive drugs and “mild” chemotherapy.\nParents with germline mutations that cause HLH or who have the persistent resistant disease are candidates for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.\nWithout treatment, the prognosis is grim, particularly in those with familial forms of the disease, who typically survive for less than 2 months.', 'role': 'assistant'}]