This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology
[{'content': 'In small cell carcinoma of lung, blood vessels in necrotic area may show smudged hematoxophilic material in their walls, which represents DNA released from tumour cells. This is referred to as \nSelect and explain. \nA. Psammoma body, B. Azzopardi effect, C. Collar button lesion, D. Option D', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Small cell lung carcinomas (SCLCs) generally appear\xa0as pale gray, centrally located masses with extension into\xa0the lung parenchyma and early involvement of the hilar and\xa0mediastinal nodes. These cancers are composed of tumor\xa0cells with a round to fusiform shape, scant cytoplasm, and\xa0finely granular chromatin. Mitotic figures frequently are seen.Small cell carcinoma with small deeply basophilic cells and\xa0areas of necrosis .\n\xa0basophilic staining of vascular walls due\xa0to encrustation by DNA from necrotic tumor cells (Azzopardi effect).\nDespite the appellation of small, the neoplastic\xa0cells are usually twice the size of resting lymphocytes.\nNecrosis\xa0is invariably present and may be extensive. The tumor cells\xa0are markedly fragile and often show fragmentation and “crush \xa0artifact” in small biopsy specimens.\nAnother feature of small\xa0cell carcinomas, best appreciated in cytologic specimens, is\xa0nuclear molding resulting from close apposition of tumor cells\xa0that have scant cytoplasm. These tumors often express a\xa0variety of neuroendocrine markers\n\xa0in addition\xa0to secreting a host of polypeptide hormones that may result\xa0in paraneoplastic syndromes .', 'role': 'assistant'}]