This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Medicine
[{'content': 'Which of the following is the first strategy in the management of chronic obstructive lung disease in a smoker? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Aminophylline, B. Anticholinergics, C. Cessation of smoking, D. Oral steroids', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Smokers with COPD are at high risk for development of lung cancer, which can be identified on a chest CT scan. In advanced COPD,\xa0CT\xa0scans\xa0can\xa0help\xa0determine\xa0the\xa0possible\xa0 value\xa0of\xa0surgical therapy.\nThe\xa0two\xa0main\xa0goals\xa0of\xa0therapy\xa0are\xa0to\xa0provide\xa0symptomatic\xa0relief (reduce respiratory symptoms, improve exercise tolerance, improve health status) and reduce future risk (prevent disease progression, prevent and treat exacerbations\xa0and reduce mortality).\xa0\nOnly\xa0 three\xa0 interventions—smoking\xa0 cessation,\xa0 oxygen\xa0 therapy in\xa0 chronically\xa0 hypoxemic\xa0 patients,\xa0 and\xa0 lung\xa0 volume\xa0 reduction surgery\xa0 (LVRS)\xa0 in\xa0 selected\xa0 patients\xa0 with\xa0 emphysema—have\xa0 been demonstrated\xa0 to\xa0 improve\xa0 survival\xa0 of\xa0 patients\xa0 with\xa0 COPD.\xa0 There is\xa0 suggestive,\xa0 but\xa0 not\xa0 definitive\xa0evidence\xa0that\xa0the\xa0use\xa0of\xa0 inhaled corticosteroids(ICS)\xa0and\xa0muscarinic\xa0antagonists\xa0may\xa0reduce\xa0the mortality rate.\nSmoking Cessation: It has been shown that middle-aged smokers who were able to successfully stop smoking, experienced a significant improvement in the rate of decline in pulmonary function, often returning to annual changes similar to that of non-smoking patients. In addition, smoking cessation improves survival. Thus, all patients with COPD should be strongly urged to quit smoking and educated\xa0about the benefits of quitting.\nReference: Harrison’s P R I N C I P L E S\xa0 \xa0O F I N T E R N A L M E D I C I N E 20th edition page no 1995, 1996', 'role': 'assistant'}]