This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: All India exam, Subject name: Pathology
[{'content': 'all the following are treatments used for PROMYLOCYTIC LEUKEMIA (m-3) EXCEPT? \nSelect and explain. \nA. ARSENIC, B. TRETINOIN, C. RETINOIC ACID, D. CISPLATIN', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia * Without treatment, APL is the most malignant form of AML with a median survival of less than one month. * Modern therapy has dramatically changed its prognosis and APL is now associated with the highest propoion of AML patients who are cured of their disease. * APL represents a medical emergency with a high rate of early moality, due mainly to hemorrhagic complications from a characteristic coagulopathy. * The first golden rule that has to be followed as soon as the diagnosis of APL is suspected based upon cytologic criteria is: to immediately sta treatment with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) without delay, even before definitive (cyto)genetic confirmation of the diagnosis has been made. * If the diagnosis is not confirmed, ATRA can always be discontinued and treatment changed to that used for other types of AML. ref : robbins 10th ed', 'role': 'assistant'}]