This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pediatrics
[{'content': 'True about neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis – \nSelect and explain. \nA. Abdominal distension, B. Pneumoperitoneum, C. Decreased bowel sounds, D. All of the above', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis \n\nNeonatal necrotizing enterocolitis is the most common life-threatening emergency of the gastrointestinal tract in the newborn period.\nThe disease is characterized by a various degree of mucosa/ or transmural necrosis of the intestine.\nIt occurs in premature or small for gestational age (LBW) infants.\n\nClinical manifestations of necrotizing enterocolitis can be devided into 3 stages :\n\nStage I : Suspected\xa0Unstable temperature, apnea, bradycardia, lethargy. Mild abdominal distension, vomiting blood in stool.\n\n\xa0Above signs + Bowel sounds are diminished, with or without abdominal tenderness\n\nStage II :\xa0Definite\xa0In more severe cases : Metabolic acidosis and mild thrombocytopenia\n\n\xa0X-Ray : Pneumatosis intestinalis and dilation of interesting.\n\nStage III :\xa0Advanced\xa0Above signs + infant has low BP, bradycardia, apnea, acidosis, DIC, anuria\nFrank signs of peritonitis with abdominal tenderness, distension and erythema of abdominal wall.\nX-Ray : shows Pneumoperitoneum.', 'role': 'assistant'}]