This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: All India exam, Subject name: Medicine
[{'content': 'A normal-anion-gap metabolic acidosis occurs in patients with \nSelect and explain. \nA. Diarrhoea, B. Diabetic ketoacidosis, C. Methyl alcohol poisoning, D. Acute renal failure', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: A \nExplanation: During diarrhea, there is a loss of water, sodium, bicarbonate, and potassium in the fecal fluid leading to dehydration.Contraction of the extracellular fluid causes hyperchloremia.Hence the decrease in HCO3- is compensated by the corresponding increase in Cl- causing normal AG Metabolic acidosis. High anion gap acidosisNormal anion gap acidosisLactic acidosisKetoacidosisToxin ingestionAcute & chronic renal failure DiarrheaFistulaUretero-sigmoidostomyProximal renal tubular acidosis Carbonic anhydrase inhibitorsMineralocoicoid deficiencyRef: Harrison's 18/e p368", 'role': 'assistant'}]