This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental
[{'content': 'In which of the following patient, there is 10-20 fold increased risk of leukemia during infancy? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Pierre Robin syndrome, B. Fragile X syndrome, C. Down syndrome, D. None', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Children suffering from Down Syndrome\n\nThese children (10%)\xa0are mentally retarded\xa0moderate to severe\xa0and require appropriate treatment.\nIncidence of cardiac disease associated with Down syndrome is 40% and will require adequate prophylaxis.\nIncreased incidence of leukemia and acute and chronic infections of the upper respiratory tract can also alter treatment.\nChildren are generally affectionate and cooperative and present no special problems during\xa0management.\nNitrous oxide analgesia or TSD in mildly apprehensive patients can be used; general\xa0anesthesia in severe resistance to dental treatment.\nPreventive procedures along with chlorhexidine mouthwash may be beneficial.\nPulp treatment in deciduous teeth are contraindicated in patients with cardiac problems because\xa0of the risk of bacteremia, whereas in permanent teeth, it can be considered if an adequate apical\xa0seal can be obtained.\n\nKey Concept\n\nIncreased incidence of leukemia and acute and chronic infections of the upper respiratory tract can also alter treatment.\nThere are\xa010-20 times increased risk of leukemia in infants suffering from Down syndrome.\n\n\u200bPediatric Dentistry / Shobha Tandon - 2nd Ed\xa0 P: 541', 'role': 'assistant'}]