This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Vitreous and retina, Subject name: Ophthalmology
[{'content': 'Degree of diabetic retinopathy depends on - \nSelect and explain. \nA. Type of disease, B. Duration of disease, C. Severity of disease, D. Retinal involvement', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Microaneurysms in the macular area (the earliest detectable lesion). \x01 Retinal haemorrhages both deep (dot and blot haemorrhages) and superficial haemorrhages (flame-shaped). \x01 Hard exudates-yellowish-white waxy-looking patches are arranged in clumps or in circinate pattern. These are commonly seen in the macular area. \x01 Retinal oedema characterized by retinal thickening. \x01 Cotton-wool spots (if > 8, there is high risk of developing PDR). \x01 Venous abnormalities, beading, looping and dilatation. \x01 Intraretinal microvascular abnormalities (IRMA). \x01 Dark-blot haemorrhages representing haemorr- hagic retinal infarcts. On the basis of severity of the above findings the NPDR has been fuher classified as under: 1. Mild NPDR \x01 At least one microaneurysm or intraretinal hemorrhage. \x01 Hard/soft exudates may or may not be present. 2. Moderate NPDR \x01 Moderate microaneurysms/intraretinal hemorr- hage. \x01 Early mild IRMA. \x01 Hard/soft exudates may or may not present. 3. Severe NPDR. Any one of the following \x01 Four quadrants of severe microaneurysms/ intraretinal hemorrhages. \x01 Two quadrants of venous beading. \x01 One quadrant of IRMA changes. 4. Very severe NPDR. Any two of the following \x01 Four quadrants of severe microaneurysms/ intraretinal hemorrhages. \x01 Two quadrants of venous beading. \x01 One quadrant of IRMA changes. Ref Comprehensive ophthalmology AK Khurana 4th edition page no 494', 'role': 'assistant'}]