This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Fluid and electrolytes, Subject name: Medicine
[{'content': 'A normal-anion-gap metabolic acidosis occurs in patients with- \nSelect and explain. \nA. Diarrhoea, B. Diabetic ketoacidosis, C. Methyl alcohol poisoning, D. Acute renal failure', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Alkali can be lost from the gastrointestinal tract from diarrhea or from the kidneys (renal tubular acidosis, A). In these disorders, reciprocal changes in and result in a normal anion gap (AG). * In pure non-AG acidosis, therefore, the increase in above the normal value approximates the decrease in . ', 'role': 'assistant'}]