This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Kidney, Subject name: Pharmacology
[{'content': 'A 46-year-old male, Jorawar Singh presented to the emergency with muscle weakness and cramping. He has been taking hydrochlorothiazide for recently diagnosed hypeension. Which of the following is the most likely cause of his symptoms? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Hypocalcemia, B. Hyponatremia, C. Hypokalemia, D. Hypoglycemia', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: A decrease in the intravascular fluid volume stimulates aldosterone secretion and leads to increased excretion of potassium and hydrogen ions in the urine. This results in hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, which is a common side effect of most diuretics other than the potassium-sparing class. Hypokalemia manifests with muscle weakness and cramping.', 'role': 'assistant'}]