This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Miscellaneous, Subject name: Pharmacology
[{'content': 'Probiotics are useful for: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Necrotizing enterocolitis, B. Breast milk jaundice, C. Hospital acquired pneumonia, D. Neonatal seizures', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Ans. (A) Necrotizing enterocolitis(Ref: Clinical Microbiology Reviews, Vol. 16, No. 4, October 2003, 658-672)Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host.Bacterial colonization or infection of the intestine by pathogens such as Clostridium, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, Pseudomonas, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, and coagulase-negative staphylococci increases the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis.Other potential uses of probiotics areManaging lactose intolerancePrevention of colon cancerCholesterol loweringLowering blood pressureImproving immune function and preventing infectionsHelicobacter pyloriAntibiotic-associated diarrheaReducing inflammationImproving mineral absorptionPrevents harmful bacterial growth under stressIrritable bowel syndrome and colitis', 'role': 'assistant'}]