This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Orthopaedics
[{'content': 'Osteomalacia is associated with - \nSelect and explain. \nA. Decreases in osteoid volume, B. Decrease in osteoid surface, C. Increase in osteoid maturation time, D. Increase in mineral apposition rate', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: First, see the structural composition of the bone.\n\nBone is made up of : -\n\nOrganic matrix (Protein matrix also called osteoid): - This is mainly made up of collagen and non-collagen protein.\nInorganic matrix (mineral) : - Hydroxyapatite .\n\nBone cells.\n\nAs osteoid (organic matrix) does not contain mineral (hydroxyapatite), it is also called unmineralized bone.\nMineralization of osteoid forms the complete mineralized bone.\nIn rickets/osteomalacia mineralization of osteoid is defective, i.e., the osteoid formation is normal, but mineralization of osteoid is defective.\nOn the other hand, In scurvy, Collagen synthesis is defective. Collagen is the major constituent of osteoid. Thus, In scurvy osteoid formation is defective.\nIn osteoporosis, resorption is increased from the fully formed bone. Therefore, both the organic matrix (osteoid) as well as non-organic minerals are decreased.', 'role': 'assistant'}]