This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Biochemistry
[{'content': 'Single base pair substitution is related to which of the following? \nSelect and explain. \nA. RFLP, B. PCR, C. FISH, D. Southern blot', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: The term RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms) refers to single base pair substitutions in germ line DNA of different individuals that either destroys or creates new recognition site for a given restriction enzyme. PCR is used to amplify a specific region of a DNA strand (the DNA target). FISH is atechnique used to identify the presence of specific chromosomes or chromosomal regions through hybridization (attachment) of fluorescently-labeled DNA probes to denatured chromosomal DNA. Southern blotting combines transfer of electrophoresis-separated DNA fragments to a filter membrane and subsequent fragment detection by probe hybridization.', 'role': 'assistant'}]