This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: Retina, Subject name: Ophthalmology
[{'content': 'In the most refractive eyes the peak sensitivity of retinal rods and cones pigment is? \nSelect and explain. \nA. 260 and 500 respectively, B. 460 and 480 respectively, C. 398 and 550 respectively, D. 498 and 555 respectively', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: D \nExplanation: Ans. d (498 and 555 respectively). (Adler's Physiology of the Eye 11th/Pg.529)# Peak sensitivity for cones = 555 nm, but combination of R, B, and G cones (cones short wavelength - 420, cones middle wavelength - 534, and cones long wavelength 564).# Peak sensitivity for rods = 498 nm.FUNCTIONALLY THERE ARE TWO SEPARATE RETINAS:Night retinaDay retinaRodsConesNo colorComplete colorLow acuity (fovea blind)High acuityScotopic or mesopic with luminance < 3 cd/m2Photopic# Photoreceptor density - Because rods and cones have different spectral sensitivities and different absolute sensitivities to light, the visual response is not the same over the retina.- Rods -130,000,000.- Cones - 7,000,000.# Cones are concentrated in the fovea and receptive fields are small in this region.# Rods are absent in macula leutea (Yellow pigment).Adaptation# Cones adapt more rapidly than rods.# Cones regain complete sensitivity in 10-12 minutes.# Rods regain complete sensitivity in 30-60 minutes", 'role': 'assistant'}]