This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Unknown
[{'content': 'A patient is suffering from painful vesicular eruption at T-4 dermatome. The cause is: \nSelect and explain. \nA. EBV infection, B. Herpes zoster, C. CMV infection, D. Herpes simplex', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: (Refer: Fitz Patrick’s Dermatology in General Medicine, 7th edition, pg no: 2383-2393)\nHerpes zoster re-activation\n\nVaricella zoster virus (VZV) is the etiology of varicella (chickenpox) and herpes zoster (shingles).\nHerpes zoster represents reactivation of latent varicella infection and develops in approximately 20% of healthy adults and 50% of immunocompromised persons.\nIP ranges from 11 to 20 days\nVaricella is extremely contagious, with 80-90% of susceptible household contacts developing clinical infection\nHerpes zoster classically is a disease of adulthood that affects those older than 50 years of age more severely, it is common in younger persons who had primary varicella infection within the first year of life.\nHerpes zoster appears upon reactivation of VZV, which may occur spontaneously or may be induced by stress, fever, radiation therapy, tissue damage (i.e., trauma) or immunosuppression.\nDuring a herpes zoster infection, the virus continues to replicate in the affected dorsal root ganglion and produces a painful ganglionitis.\nInflammation and neuronal necrosis can result in a severe neuralgia that intensifies as the virus spreads down the sensory nerve.\n\nDiagnosis and Pathology\n\nClinical history and the physical examination\nTzanck smear and/or a DFA (direct fluorescent antibody)\nViral culture, Serology and PCR\n\nTreatment', 'role': 'assistant'}]