This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: FMGE 2019, Subject name: Anatomy
[{'content': 'Hyperkalemia means more than \nSelect and explain. \nA. 4.5 mEq/l, B. 5.5 mEq/l, C. 7.5 mEq/l, D. 10.5 mEq/l', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Normal plasma K+ concentration is b/w 3.5 & 5.0 mEq/L. Hyperkalemia is defined as a plasma potassium level more than 5.5 mEq/L Hypokalemia: plasma K+ < 3.5 mEq. Severe hyperkalemia is K+ > 6.0 mEq. > 8.0 mEq- Causes diastolic arrest (Systolic arrest seen when Ca > 13 mg %) Causes of hyperkalemia: Pseudo hyperkalemia: Fist clenching, narrow bore needle, cooling of sample, TLC |, Platelet |, RBC| Acidosis: Trans-cellular shift CKD/AKI Aldosterone | - Addison disease, histoplasmosis, HIV, Waterhouse Frederickson syndrome Gordon syndrome - + gain of function of NaCl cotranspo ECG changes in Hyperkalemia - Tall tented T wave ST elevation Broad QRS If > 8.0 mEq: SINE WAVE PATTERN is seen. Treatment: Antagonism: Calcium gluconate , calcium chloride Redistribution: Insulin drip with 50% dextrose; salbutamol nebulization Removal of potassium: Furosemide, resin sodium polystyrene sulphonate etc', 'role': 'assistant'}]