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[QUESTION]Complete the sentence. In this chemical reaction, zinc oxide is a ().

[OPTIONS](A) product (B) reactant

product

Read the underlined text carefully. Look for information about what happens to zinc oxide in this chemical reaction. Many watches are powered by small, flat batteries called button cells. One common type of button cell contains the metal zinc. When zinc in the battery combines with oxygen in the air, zinc oxide forms. This process generates the electricity that powers the watch. The underlined text tells you that zinc oxide forms when zinc combines with oxygen. Because zinc oxide is produced by this chemical reaction, zinc oxide is a product.

[QUESTION]Which figure of speech is used in this text? Toby is a real Benedict Arnold. After promising to work on my campaign for class president, he decided to support my opponent.

[OPTIONS](A) allusion (B) personification

allusion

The text uses an allusion, a brief reference to someone or something well known. Benedict Arnold alludes to the American general during the Revolutionary War who betrayed his country and fought for the British.

[QUESTION]Which ocean is highlighted?

[OPTIONS](A) the Indian Ocean (B) the Pacific Ocean (C) the Southern Ocean (D) the Atlantic Ocean

the Indian Ocean

This is the Indian Ocean.

[QUESTION]Which property do these three objects have in common?

[OPTIONS](A) transparent (B) fragile (C) flexible

flexible

Look at each object. For each object, decide if it has that property. A flexible object can be folded or bent without breaking easily. All three objects are flexible. A fragile object will break into pieces if you drop it. None of the objects are fragile. You can see clearly through a transparent object. None of the objects are transparent. The property that all three objects have in common is flexible.

[QUESTION]Guitar makers use a special kind of wood to build their instruments. But the trees that produce that kind of wood are running out. Over time, what will probably happen to the overall supply of new guitars?

[OPTIONS](A) The supply will probably go up. (B) The supply will probably go down.

The supply will probably go down.

Wood is a resource that is used to make guitars. The trees that produce wood for guitars are running out, so this kind of wood will be harder to get. Since this kind of wood is becoming harder to get, it will be harder to make new guitars. So, over time, the supply of new guitars will probably go down.

[QUESTION]What is the capital of Alabama?

[OPTIONS](A) Baton Rouge (B) Birmingham (C) Fairbanks (D) Montgomery

Montgomery

Montgomery is the capital of Alabama.

[QUESTION]What information supports the conclusion that Tim inherited this trait?

[OPTIONS](A) Tim's biological mother has long hair. Tim also has long hair. (B) Tim uses a headband to keep his wavy hair out of his face. (C) Tim's biological parents have wavy hair.

Tim's biological parents have wavy hair.

[QUESTION]Using only these supplies, which question can Whitney investigate with an experiment?

[OPTIONS](A) Do squash plants grow larger if the seeds are planted in small pots or in large pots? (B) If squash seeds and tomato seeds are planted with compost, which type of plant grows larger? (C) Do squash plants grow larger if the seeds are planted with compost or without compost?

Do squash plants grow larger if the seeds are planted with compost or without compost?

[QUESTION]What do these two changes have in common? a copper statue turning green rust forming on a bicycle frame

[OPTIONS](A) Both are caused by heating. (B) Both are only physical changes. (C) Both are chemical changes. (D) Both are caused by cooling.

Both are chemical changes.

Step 1: Think about each change. A copper statue turning green is a chemical change. The copper reacts with oxygen in the air. This reaction forms a different type of matter called copper oxide. The copper oxide is green. Rust forming on a bicycle frame is a chemical change. Oxygen in the air reacts with iron in the bicycle frame. The outside of the frame turns into a different type of matter called rust. Rust is reddish-brown and falls apart easily. Step 2: Look at each answer choice. Both are only physical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. They are not physical changes. Both are chemical changes. Both changes are chemical changes. The type of matter before and after each change is different. Both are caused by heating. Neither change is caused by heating. Both are caused by cooling. Neither change is caused by cooling.

[QUESTION]Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference?

[OPTIONS](A) Mr. Russo wanted the new employees to fill out their intake forms, but he couldn't find the forms. (B) Mr. Russo wanted the new employees to fill out their intake forms, but he couldn't find them.

Mr. Russo wanted the new employees to fill out their intake forms, but he couldn't find them.

The first answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun them could refer to the new employees or their intake forms. The second answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. Them has been replaced with the forms. Mr. Russo wanted the new employees to fill out their intake forms, but he couldn't find the forms.

[QUESTION]Is the water in a fishbowl a solid or a liquid?

[OPTIONS](A) a solid (B) a liquid

a liquid

The water in a fishbowl is a liquid. A liquid takes the shape of any container it is in. If you pour water from a fishbowl into a different container, the water will take the shape of that container. But the water will still take up the same amount of space.

[QUESTION]Which of these states is farthest north?

[OPTIONS](A) Oregon (B) Utah (C) Louisiana (D) Georgia

Oregon

To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the north arrow is pointing. Oregon is farthest north.

[QUESTION]Which of these continents does the equator intersect?

[OPTIONS](A) Europe (B) Asia (C) Antarctica

Asia

The equator is the line at 0° latitude. It intersects Asia. It does not intersect Antarctica or Europe.

[QUESTION]Complete the statement. Assume that the sled's mass did not change. The gravitational potential energy stored between the sled and Earth () as Rosa rode down the hill.

[OPTIONS](A) stayed the same (B) decreased (C) increased

decreased

Think about how the distance between the sled and the center of Earth changed. The bottom of the hill was lower than the point where Rosa started sledding. As Rosa rode toward the bottom of the hill, the distance between the sled and the center of Earth decreased. So, the gravitational potential energy stored between the sled and Earth decreased as Rosa rode down the hill.

[QUESTION]Which property do these two objects have in common?

[OPTIONS](A) soft (B) blue

soft

Look at each object. For each object, decide if it has that property. Blue is a color. This color is blue. Neither of the objects are blue. A soft object changes shape when you squeeze it. Both objects are soft. The property that both objects have in common is soft.

[QUESTION]What is the mass of a piece of candy corn?

[OPTIONS](A) 2 kilograms (B) 2 grams

2 grams

The better estimate for the mass of a piece of candy corn is 2 grams. 2 kilograms is too heavy.

[QUESTION]Is chalk a solid or a liquid?

[OPTIONS](A) a solid (B) a liquid

a solid

Chalk is a solid. You can easily break chalk into pieces. But each piece will still have a size and shape of its own.

[QUESTION]Which closing is correct for a letter?

[OPTIONS](A) love, Tony (B) Love, Tony

Love, Tony

The first closing is correct: Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma.

[QUESTION]In this food web, which organism contains matter that eventually moves to the earthworm?

[OPTIONS](A) mushroom (B) barren-ground caribou (C) snowy owl (D) grizzly bear

snowy owl

Use the arrows to follow how matter moves through this food web. For each answer choice, try to find a path of arrows to the earthworm. The only arrow pointing from the grizzly bear leads to the mushroom. No arrows point from the mushroom to any other organisms. So, in this food web, matter does not move from the grizzly bear to the earthworm. There are two arrows pointing from the barren-ground caribou to other organisms. One arrow points to the grizzly bear. The only arrow pointing from the grizzly bear leads to the mushroom. The other arrow pointing from the barren-ground caribou leads to the mushroom. No arrows point from the mushroom to any other organisms. So, in this food web, matter does not move from the barren-ground caribou to the earthworm.There is one path matter can take from the rough-legged hawk to the earthworm: rough-legged hawk->earthworm. mushroom. No arrows point from the mushroom to any other organisms. So, in this food web, matter does not move from the mushroom to the earthworm.. There is one path matter can take from the snowy owl to the earthworm: snowy owl->earthworm.

[QUESTION]What is the mass of a full box of cereal?

[OPTIONS](A) 495 grams (B) 495 kilograms

495 grams

The better estimate for the mass of a full box of cereal is 495 grams. 495 kilograms is too heavy.

[QUESTION]Which text uses the word nauseous in its traditional sense?

[OPTIONS](A) Everyone seemed to enjoy the magnolia-scented candle, but Luke found the smell rather nauseous. (B) Everyone seemed to enjoy the magnolia-scented candle, but it made Luke feel rather nauseous.

Everyone seemed to enjoy the magnolia-scented candle, but Luke found the smell rather nauseous.

The second text uses nauseous in its traditional sense: causing disgust or nausea. Everyone seemed to enjoy the magnolia-scented candle, but Luke found the smell rather nauseous. The first text uses nauseous in its nontraditional sense: feeling disgusted or nauseated. Everyone seemed to enjoy the magnolia-scented candle, but it made Luke feel rather nauseous. Most style guides recommend to use the traditional sense of the word nauseous because it is considered more standard.

[QUESTION]Which property do these two objects have in common?

[OPTIONS](A) bouncy (B) colorful

bouncy

Look at each object. For each object, decide if it has that property. A colorful object has one or more bright colors. The spring is not colorful. A bouncy object will bounce back from the floor if you drop it. Both objects are bouncy. The property that both objects have in common is bouncy.

[QUESTION]Which property matches this object?

[OPTIONS](A) fuzzy (B) yellow

yellow

Look at the object. Think about each property. Yellow is a color. This color is yellow. The slide is yellow. A fuzzy object is covered in soft hair. The slide is not fuzzy.

[QUESTION]What information supports the conclusion that Alan inherited this trait?

[OPTIONS](A) Alan's coworker also has curly hair. (B) Alan and his biological parents have brown hair. (C) Alan's biological father has curly hair.

Alan's biological father has curly hair.

[QUESTION]Which tense does the sentence use? Jamie finds old clothes in the attic.

[OPTIONS](A) present tense (B) past tense (C) future tense

present tense

The sentence is in present tense. You can tell because it uses a present-tense verb, finds. The verb ends in -s and tells you about something that is true or happening now.

[QUESTION]Based on the text, why are blue dragons dangerous?

[OPTIONS](A) Their strong fingers squeeze prey. (B) They have razor-sharp teeth and sharp fingers. (C) They use weapons to catch food. (D) Their sting is painful and can harm humans.

Their sting is painful and can harm humans.

Look at the text in bold below. It tells you why blue dragons are dangerous. Although these slugs are cuter than legendary dragons, you shouldn't let their squishy bodies fool you. These tiny creatures can be dangerous! Blue dragons eat poisonous sea creatures, such as Portuguese man-of-wars. The blue dragons store their prey's venom in their many "fingers." They can then use that stored poison to defend themselves. So, never touch a blue dragon—unless you want to get a painful and possibly serious sting.

[QUESTION]What is the name of the colony shown?

[OPTIONS](A) Connecticut (B) New York (C) Massachusetts (D) Tennessee

Massachusetts

The colony is Massachusetts. The Massachusetts Colony included land that would later become the state of Maine. Maine was never its own colony.

[QUESTION]What can Nancy and Dominic trade to each get what they want?

[OPTIONS](A) Nancy can trade her tomatoes for Dominic's carrots. (B) Dominic can trade his broccoli for Nancy's oranges. (C) Dominic can trade his almonds for Nancy's tomatoes. (D) Nancy can trade her tomatoes for Dominic's broccoli.

Nancy can trade her tomatoes for Dominic's broccoli.

Look at the table and images. Nancy wants broccoli. Dominic wants tomatoes. They can trade tomatoes for broccoli to both get what they want. Trading other things would not help both people get more items they want.

[QUESTION]Which continent is highlighted?

[OPTIONS](A) Asia (B) Africa (C) Antarctica (D) Australia

Africa

This continent is Africa.

[QUESTION]Which of these states is farthest east?

[OPTIONS](A) Wyoming (B) Iowa (C) Arkansas (D) Vermont

Vermont

To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the east arrow is pointing. Vermont is farthest east.

[QUESTION]What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below? An auction house representative described Bob Dylan's handwritten lyrics, worth over a million dollars, as "the holy grail of lyrics."

[OPTIONS](A) history (B) a poem

history

The source of the allusion holy grail is history. During the Middle Ages, knights sought to find the Holy Grail, the cup that was supposedly used by Jesus at the Last Supper. The allusion holy grail means something desired but hard to obtain.

[QUESTION]Which statement best describes the average monthly precipitation in Boston?

[OPTIONS](A) March is the month with the highest average precipitation. (B) About the same amount of precipitation falls each month between May and October. (C) March is drier than January, February, and October.

About the same amount of precipitation falls each month between May and October.

To describe the average precipitation trends in Boston, look at the graph. Choice "Jan" is incorrect. Choice "Feb" is incorrect. Choice "Mar" is incorrect. Choice "May" is incorrect. Choice "Oct" is incorrect. Choice "March is drier than January, February, and October." is incorrect. Drier months have a lower average precipitation than wetter months. October has a lower average precipitation than March. So, March is not drier than October. Choice "March is the month with the highest average precipitation." is incorrect. January, not March, has the highest average monthly precipitation. Choice "About the same amount of precipitation falls each month between May and October." is incorrect. The average precipitation each month between May and October is about 3 inches. So, about the same amount of precipitation falls during each of these months.

[QUESTION]Which sentence is more formal?

[OPTIONS](A) The surcoat, a type of outer garment with large arm holes, used to be cool in the fourteenth century. (B) The surcoat, a type of outer garment with large arm holes, was popular in the fourteenth century.

The surcoat, a type of outer garment with large arm holes, was popular in the fourteenth century.

The first sentence is less formal. You can tell because it uses slang (cool). The second sentence uses formal language in place of the slang, so it is more formal overall.

[QUESTION]What is the name of the colony shown?

[OPTIONS](A) North Carolina (B) Washington, D.C. (C) Iowa (D) Maryland

Maryland

The colony is Maryland.

[QUESTION]What is the capital of Illinois?

[OPTIONS](A) Springfield (B) Bismarck (C) Chicago (D) Topeka

Springfield

Springfield is the capital of Illinois.

[QUESTION]Which word would you find on a dictionary page with the following guide words? capital - city

[OPTIONS](A) construct (B) cement

cement

Put the words in alphabetical order. Since cement is between the guide words capital - city, it would be found on that page.

[QUESTION]Which correctly shows the title of a movie?

[OPTIONS](A) "What Love Is For" (B) ***What Love Is For***

***What Love Is For***

A movie should be in italics. The correct title is **What Love Is For**.

[QUESTION]Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?

[OPTIONS](A) The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2. (B) The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1. (C) The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.

The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.

Both magnet sizes and distance affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. The sizes of the magnets in Pair 1 are the same as in Pair 2. The distance between the magnets is also the same. So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.

[QUESTION]What is the capital of Idaho?

[OPTIONS](A) Boise (B) Nampa (C) New Orleans (D) Fargo

Boise

Boise is the capital of Idaho.

[QUESTION]In this experiment, which were part of a control group?

[OPTIONS](A) the plants that were only soaked in water (B) the plants that were soaked in water and sprayed

the plants that were only soaked in water

In this experiment, Ellen investigated whether spraying air plants affects their growth. The plants that were only soaked in water were not sprayed. So, they were part of a control group.

[QUESTION]Is malachite a mineral?

[OPTIONS](A) yes (B) no

yes

Malachite has all the properties of a mineral. So, malachite is a mineral.

[QUESTION]What is the capital of South Carolina?

[OPTIONS](A) Charleston (B) Columbia (C) Frankfort (D) Baton Rouge

Columbia

Columbia is the capital of South Carolina.

[QUESTION]Which country is highlighted?

[OPTIONS](A) New Zealand (B) Vanuatu (C) Papua New Guinea (D) Australia

New Zealand

This country is New Zealand.

[QUESTION]Which state is highlighted?

[OPTIONS](A) Missouri (B) Illinois (C) Indiana (D) Michigan

Missouri

This state is Missouri.

[QUESTION]Which air temperature was measured within the outlined area shown?

[OPTIONS](A) -4°C (B) 5°C (C) -20°C

-4°C

Look at the colors shown within the outlined area. Then, use the legend to determine which air temperatures those colors represent. 15°C and 0°C. -4°C is within this range. -20°C and 5°C are outside of this range.

[QUESTION]What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below? Duncan's recent behavior made his parents begin to see his friend Kirk as some sort of Svengali.

[OPTIONS](A) modern history (B) literature

literature

The source of the allusion Svengali is literature. In George du Maurier's novel Trilby, Svengali is a hypnotist who exerts such power over the central character that she is suddenly able to sing, which she was unable to do before. The allusion Svengali means a person with an unduly strong influence over someone else.

[QUESTION]Which month has the lowest average precipitation in London?

[OPTIONS](A) May (B) July (C) February

July

To describe the average precipitation trends in London, look at the graph. Choice "Feb" is incorrect. Choice "May" is incorrect. Choice "Jul" is incorrect. July has an average monthly precipitation of about 45 millimeters. This is lower than in any other month. So, July has the lowest average precipitation.

[QUESTION]Which country is highlighted?

[OPTIONS](A) Antigua and Barbuda (B) Saint Kitts and Nevis (C) Grenada (D) Saint Lucia

Saint Kitts and Nevis

This country is Saint Kitts and Nevis.

[QUESTION]Which of the following best describes a community in a small lake in Wisconsin?

[OPTIONS](A) the insects, the water milfoil, and the nutrients (B) a school of bluegill fish (C) the water milfoil, the American lotus, and the water purslane

the water milfoil, the American lotus, and the water purslane

[QUESTION]Which figure of speech is used in this text? It's an open secret that Johnny is writing a book based on his experiences living in Singapore. He never talks about it, but almost all his friends know.

[OPTIONS](A) apostrophe (B) oxymoron

oxymoron

The text uses an oxymoron, a joining of two seemingly contradictory terms. Open secret is a contradiction, because open describes something that is freely or publicly known, and a secret is hidden.

[QUESTION]Suppose Steven decides to join the Theater Club. Which result would be a cost?

[OPTIONS](A) Steven will spend more time in the Theater Club than he would have spent in the Photography Club. (B) Steven will have more fun in the Theater Club than he would have had in the Photography Club.

Steven will spend more time in the Theater Club than he would have spent in the Photography Club.

This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Steven wants or needs: Steven will spend more time in the Theater Club than he would have spent in the Photography Club.

[QUESTION]Which property matches this object?

[OPTIONS](A) breakable (B) soft

breakable

Look at the object. Think about each property. A soft object changes shape when you squeeze it. The ceramic plate is not soft. A breakable object will break into pieces if you drop it. The ceramic plate is breakable.

[QUESTION]Would you find the word sung on a dictionary page with the following guide words? shot - stork

[OPTIONS](A) yes (B) no

no

Put the words in alphabetical order. Since sung is not between the guide words shot - stork, it would not be found on that page.

[QUESTION]What does the personification in this text suggest? Nathan tried to ignore his unfinished essay, but it glared at him from across the room.

[OPTIONS](A) It bothered Nathan that the essay wasn't finished. (B) The essay was printed in large type.

It bothered Nathan that the essay wasn't finished.

The text uses personification, giving human characteristics to nonhuman things. Glared at him suggests that it bothered Nathan that the essay wasn't finished. The essay is like a person who is bothering Nathan.

[QUESTION]Would you find the word raid on a dictionary page with the following guide words? recess - rose

[OPTIONS](A) no (B) yes

no

Put the words in alphabetical order. Since raid is not between the guide words recess - rose, it would not be found on that page.

[QUESTION]Which logical fallacy is used in the text? I can't believe you'd hire Bob Humphrey to watch your dog! Did you know that his friend adopted a dog but then took it back to the shelter after just one week?

[OPTIONS](A) guilt by association: a negative association intended to discredit someone or something (B) bandwagon fallacy: the assumption that the popular choice is automatically correct

guilt by association: a negative association intended to discredit someone or something

The text argues that Bob must be an irresponsible dog owner, because his friend was an irresponsible dog owner. However, even though Bob's friend was irresponsible, that doesn't necessarily mean that Bob is also irresponsible. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as guilt by association.

[QUESTION]Which continent is highlighted?

[OPTIONS](A) Asia (B) South America (C) North America (D) Australia

Asia

This continent is Asia.

[QUESTION]What is the mass of a goat?

[OPTIONS](A) 33 grams (B) 33 kilograms

33 kilograms

The better estimate for the mass of a goat is 33 kilograms. 33 grams is too light.

[QUESTION]Which continent is highlighted?

[OPTIONS](A) Antarctica (B) Africa (C) Europe

Europe

This continent is Europe.

[QUESTION]Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?

[OPTIONS](A) climate (B) weather

weather

Read the passage carefully. Washington, D.C., is located on the East Coast of the United States. Last winter, on January 13, the city received over six inches of snow. The underlined part of the passage tells you about the amount of snow that fell on Washington, D.C., on January 13. This passage describes the atmosphere at a certain place and time. So, this passage describes the weather.

[QUESTION]Think about the magnetic force between the magnets in each pair. Which of the following statements is true?

[OPTIONS](A) The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 2. (B) The magnitude of the magnetic force is smaller in Pair 1. (C) The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.

The magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.

The magnets in Pair 1 attract. The magnets in Pair 2 repel. But whether the magnets attract or repel affects only the direction of the magnetic force. It does not affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. Both magnet sizes and distance affect the magnitude of the magnetic force. The sizes of the magnets in Pair 1 are the same as in Pair 2. The distance between the magnets is also the same. So, the magnitude of the magnetic force is the same in both pairs.

[QUESTION]Will these magnets attract or repel each other?

[OPTIONS](A) repel (B) attract

attract

Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other. The north pole of one magnet is closest to the south pole of the other magnet. Poles that are different attract. So, these magnets will attract each other.

[QUESTION]Which of these states is farthest north?

[OPTIONS](A) California (B) Maryland (C) South Dakota (D) Kansas

South Dakota

To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the north arrow is pointing. South Dakota is farthest north.

[QUESTION]The city of Salem has been one of the world's biggest makers of cough drops for many years. But last month, Salem's cough drop factories were destroyed by floods. What will probably happen to the overall supply of cough drops?

[OPTIONS](A) The supply will probably go down. (B) The supply will probably go up.

The supply will probably go down.

Floods destroyed the cough drop factories in Salem. The number of producers of cough drops went down. So, the supply of cough drops will probably go down.

[QUESTION]Identify the question that Cameron's experiment can best answer.

[OPTIONS](A) Can pennies hold more drops of water mixed with dish soap or water mixed with hand soap? (B) Can pennies hold more drops of pure water or water mixed with hand soap?

Can pennies hold more drops of pure water or water mixed with hand soap?

[QUESTION]What is the capital of Kentucky?

[OPTIONS](A) Portland (B) Lexington (C) Frankfort (D) Kansas City

Frankfort

Frankfort is the capital of Kentucky.

[QUESTION]Identify the question that Emmett's experiment can best answer.

[OPTIONS](A) Do bananas develop more brown spots if they are kept in bags with holes compared to bags without holes? (B) Do bananas develop more brown spots when they are kept at room temperature compared to in a cold refrigerator?

Do bananas develop more brown spots if they are kept in bags with holes compared to bags without holes?

[QUESTION]Which type of relationship is formed when a colony of acacia ants lives on a bullhorn acacia tree?

[OPTIONS](A) mutualistic (B) commensal (C) parasitic

mutualistic

When acacia ants live on a bullhorn acacia tree, the ants get food and shelter. So, the ants benefit from their relationship with the bullhorn acacia tree. The ants protect the tree and make it easier for the tree to get resources. So, the bullhorn acacia tree also benefits from its relationship with the ants. Since both the acacia ants and the bullhorn acacia tree benefit, a mutualistic relationship is formed when acacia ants live on a bullhorn acacia tree.

[QUESTION]Look at the word. Does it have a closed syllable or an open syllable? west

[OPTIONS](A) closed (B) open

closed

The word west ends with a consonant and has a short vowel sound. So, it has a closed syllable.

[QUESTION]Which of these states is farthest south?

[OPTIONS](A) Oklahoma (B) New York (C) Ohio (D) Maine

Oklahoma

To find the answer, look at the compass rose. Look at which way the south arrow is pointing. Oklahoma is farthest south.

[QUESTION]Compare the motion of three geese. Which goose was moving at the highest speed?

[OPTIONS](A) a goose that moved 905kilometers south in 10hours (B) a goose that moved 925kilometers west in 10hours (C) a goose that moved 920kilometers west in 10hours

a goose that moved 925kilometers west in 10hours

Look at the distance each goose moved and the time it took to move that distance. The direction each goose moved does not affect its speed. Notice that each goose moved for 10 hours. The goose that moved 925 kilometers moved the farthest distance in that time. So, that goose must have moved at the highest speed.

[QUESTION]What is the capital of South Dakota?

[OPTIONS](A) Sioux Falls (B) Helena (C) Rapid City (D) Pierre

Pierre

Pierre is the capital of South Dakota.

[QUESTION]Select the living thing.

[OPTIONS](A) shoe (B) opossum

opossum

A shoe is not a living thing. Shoes do not have all of the traits of living things. They do not grow or respond to the world around them. They do not need food or water. An opossum is a living thing. Opossums grow and respond to the world around them. They need food and water.

[QUESTION]Which figure of speech is used in this text? Blue Moon, you saw me standing alone Without a dream in my heart, Without a love of my own. —Lorenz Hart, "Blue Moon"

[OPTIONS](A) apostrophe (B) antithesis

apostrophe

The text uses apostrophe, a direct address to an absent person or a nonhuman entity. Blue Moon is a direct address to the moon, a nonhuman entity.

[QUESTION]Select the bird.

[OPTIONS](A) red-eyed tree frog (B) harbor seal (C) Steller's sea eagle (D) humpback whale

Steller's sea eagle

A humpback whale is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk. Whales are mammals that live in the ocean. Humpback whales have small hairs that grow from bumps around their mouth. A red-eyed tree frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water. A red-eyed tree frog has sticky pads on its toes. The sticky pads help the red-eyed tree frog hold on to leaves. A harbor seal is a mammal. It has fur and feeds its young milk. Seals have flippers instead of arms! They use their flippers to swim underwater or to crawl on the beach. A Steller's sea eagle is a bird. It has feathers, two wings, and a beak. Sea eagles use their sharp beaks to eat fish and other birds.

[QUESTION]Select the fish below.

[OPTIONS](A) mandarinfish (B) green iguana (C) red-headed poison frog (D) water buffalo

mandarinfish

A green iguana is a reptile. It has scaly, waterproof skin. Iguanas are a type of lizard. Iguanas eat plants and fruit. A water buffalo is a mammal. It has hair and feeds its young milk. Water buffaloes live in Asia. Some people raise water buffaloes for their milk. A red-headed poison frog is an amphibian. It has moist skin and begins its life in water. Poison dart frogs come in many bright colors. Their bright color warns other animals that these frogs are poisonous. A mandarinfish is a fish. It lives underwater. It has fins, not limbs. Mandarinfish often live near coral reefs. They eat small worms, snails, and fish eggs.

[QUESTION]Which greeting is correct for a letter?

[OPTIONS](A) Dear aunt Mia, (B) Dear Aunt Mia,

Dear Aunt Mia,

The second greeting is correct: Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Aunt Mia is capitalized because it is a proper noun.

[QUESTION]What is the capital of Missouri?

[OPTIONS](A) Bismarck (B) Lincoln (C) Kansas City (D) Jefferson City

Jefferson City

Jefferson City is the capital of Missouri.

[QUESTION]Select the one animal that has all of the crustacean traits listed above.

[OPTIONS](A) Caribbean spiny lobsters have two pairs of antennae. Their antennae can be longer than the rest of their body! Caribbean spiny lobsters also have an exoskeleton. (B) White-spotted octopuses have tentacles, which are also called arms. White-spotted octopuses can use their tentacles to reach between corals and grab fish. These octopuses have a soft red body with white spots.

Caribbean spiny lobsters have two pairs of antennae. Their antennae can be longer than the rest of their body! Caribbean spiny lobsters also have an exoskeleton.

To decide if an animal is part of a group, look at the traits of the group. Crustaceans have the following traits: They have two pairs of antennae. They have an exoskeleton. Compare each animal's traits to the group's traits. Select the animal with traits similar to the group's traits. A white-spotted octopus has the following traits: It has a soft body. It has tentacles. A white-spotted octopus does not have all of the traits of a crustacean. A white-spotted octopus is a mollusk. A Caribbean spiny lobster has the following traits: It has two pairs of antennae. It has an exoskeleton. A Caribbean spiny lobster has the traits of a crustacean. A Caribbean spiny lobster is a crustacean.

[QUESTION]Will these magnets attract or repel each other?

[OPTIONS](A) attract (B) repel

attract

Will these magnets attract or repel? To find out, look at which poles are closest to each other. The south pole of one magnet is closest to the north pole of the other magnet. Poles that are different attract. So, these magnets will attract each other.

[QUESTION]Which material is these shoes made of?

[OPTIONS](A) leather (B) ceramic

leather

Look at the picture of the shoes. The shoes are made of two different materials. The tops are made of leather, and the soles are made of rubber.

[QUESTION]Which logical fallacy is used in the text? Tim, the company you work for just filed for bankruptcy! How can I trust you with our money?

[OPTIONS](A) bandwagon fallacy: the assumption that the popular choice is automatically correct (B) guilt by association: a negative association intended to discredit someone or something

guilt by association: a negative association intended to discredit someone or something

The text argues that Tim must be fiscally irresponsible, because he works for a company that went bankrupt. However, even though his company is perceived as fiscally irresponsible, that doesn't necessarily mean that Tim is, too. This illustrates a type of logical fallacy known as guilt by association.

[QUESTION]Which continent is highlighted?

[OPTIONS](A) North America (B) Antarctica (C) Europe (D) Asia

Asia

This continent is Asia.

[QUESTION]Which animal is also adapted to be camouflaged in a sandy desert?

[OPTIONS](A) polar bear (B) camel

camel

Look at the picture of the thorny devil. The thorny devil has a yellow-and-brown body. It is adapted to be camouflaged in a sandy desert. The word camouflage means to blend in. Now look at each animal. Figure out which animal has a similar adaptation. The camel has sand-colored fur covering its skin. It is adapted to be camouflaged in a sandy desert. The polar bear has white fur covering its body. It is not adapted to be camouflaged in a sandy desert.

[QUESTION]Which of the following organisms is the primary consumer in this food web?

[OPTIONS](A) parasitic jaeger (B) lichen (C) grizzly bear

grizzly bear

Primary consumers eat producers. So, in a food web, primary consumers have arrows pointing to them from producers. The brown lemming has arrows pointing to it from the bilberry and the bear sedge. The bilberry and the bear sedge are producers, so the brown lemming is a primary consumer. The lichen does not have any arrows pointing to it. So, the lichen is not a primary consumer. The grizzly bear has an arrow pointing to it from the bilberry. The bilberry is a producer, so the grizzly bear is a primary consumer. The parasitic jaeger has an arrow pointing to it from the brown lemming. The brown lemming is not a producer, so the parasitic jaeger is not a primary consumer.

[QUESTION]What information supports the conclusion that Zachary inherited this trait?

[OPTIONS](A) Zachary's mother has blue eyes. She passed this trait down to Zachary. (B) Zachary likes to wear a blue sweater to match his blue eyes.

Zachary's mother has blue eyes. She passed this trait down to Zachary.

[QUESTION]Using only these supplies, which question can Michelle investigate with an experiment?

[OPTIONS](A) Does milk chocolate or dark chocolate melt faster when heated on the stove? (B) Does dark chocolate or white chocolate melt faster when heated on the stove? (C) Does milk chocolate melt faster when heated in a microwave or on a stove?

Does milk chocolate or dark chocolate melt faster when heated on the stove?

[QUESTION]During this time, thermal energy was transferred from () to ().

[OPTIONS](A) the surroundings . . . each refrigerator (B) each refrigerator . . . the surroundings

the surroundings . . . each refrigerator

The temperature of each refrigerator increased, which means that the thermal energy of each refrigerator increased. So, thermal energy was transferred from the surroundings to each refrigerator.

[QUESTION]What type of rock is andesite?

[OPTIONS](A) metamorphic (B) igneous (C) sedimentary

igneous

Andesite is an igneous rock. Like other igneous rocks, it forms when melted rock cools and hardens. Melted rock at the earth's surface is called lava. Andesite forms from lava that contains large amounts of iron, magnesium, and silica. As the lava cools, minerals such as feldspar and pyroxene begin to form. When the lava becomes solid, it turns into andesite.

[QUESTION]Select the one animal that has all of the marsupial traits listed above.

[OPTIONS](A) Koalas have fluffy gray fur. Until a baby koala is about seven months old, its mother carries it in a pouch on the front of her body. (B) Galapagos giant tortoises hatch from eggs with shells and live on the Galapagos Islands in the Pacific Ocean. They can live to be over 150 years old! Galapagos giant tortoises have scaly, waterproof skin.

Koalas have fluffy gray fur. Until a baby koala is about seven months old, its mother carries it in a pouch on the front of her body.

To decide if an animal is part of a group, look at the traits of the group. Marsupials have the following traits: They have offspring that lives in the mother's pouch after birth. They have fur or hair. Compare each animal's traits to the group's traits. Select the animal with traits similar to the group's traits. A Galapagos giant tortoise has the following traits: It has scaly, waterproof skin. It makes eggs with shells. A Galapagos giant tortoise does not have all of the traits of a marsupial. A Galapagos giant tortoise is a reptile. A koala has the following traits: It has offspring that lives in the mother's pouch after birth. It has fur. A koala has the traits of a marsupial. A koala is a marsupial.

[QUESTION]What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below? Looking at his life, we couldn't help but see Mitch as a Job-like figure.

[OPTIONS](A) the Bible (B) Greek mythology

the Bible

The source of the allusion Job is the Bible. In the Bible, Job remains faithful and loyal to God, even after the unjust loss of his possessions, family, and health. The allusion Job means someone who patiently endures adversity.

[QUESTION]Which correctly shows the title of a magazine?

[OPTIONS](A) ***Car and Driver*** (B) "Car and Driver"

***Car and Driver***

A magazine should be in italics. The correct title is **Car and Driver**.

[QUESTION]Is Polytrichum commune made up of many cells?

[OPTIONS](A) no (B) yes

yes

Polytrichum commune is a plant. Plants are made up of many cells.

[QUESTION]Based on this information, what is Bluebell's phenotype for the horns trait?

[OPTIONS](A) not having horns (B) Hh

not having horns

An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Bluebell's observable version of the horns trait is not having horns. So, Bluebell's phenotype for the horns trait is not having horns.

[QUESTION]Which rhetorical appeal is primarily used in this ad?

[OPTIONS](A) ethos (character) (B) logos (reason) (C) pathos (emotion)

ethos (character)

The ad appeals to ethos, or character, by emphasizing the hospital's established reputation.

[QUESTION]What is the name of the colony shown?

[OPTIONS](A) New York (B) Pennsylvania (C) Delaware (D) New Jersey

Pennsylvania

The colony is Pennsylvania.

[QUESTION]What is the probability that a cow produced by this cross will have solid coloring?

[OPTIONS](A) 4/4 (B) 0/4 (C) 3/4 (D) 1/4 (E) 2/4

0/4

[QUESTION]Which is a run-on sentence?

[OPTIONS](A) Mom drank coffee and milk I had tea. (B) Sue spilled apple juice on the carpet.

Mom drank coffee and milk I had tea.

Mom drank coffee and milk I had tea is a run-on sentence. It has two sentences that are joined without end punctuation: Mom drank coffee and milk and I had tea.

[QUESTION]Based on this information, what is Nutmeg's phenotype for the fur color trait?

[OPTIONS](A) ff (B) light fur

light fur

An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait. Nutmeg's observable version of the fur color trait is light fur. So, Nutmeg's phenotype for the fur color trait is light fur.

[QUESTION]Which better describes the Tibetan Plateau ecosystem?

[OPTIONS](A) It has long, cold winters. It also has many evergreen trees. (B) It has mostly small plants. It also has soil that is frozen year-round.

It has mostly small plants. It also has soil that is frozen year-round.

A tundra is a type of ecosystem. Tundras have the following features: long, cold winters and short, cold summers, soil that is frozen year-round, and mostly small plants. So, the Tibetan Plateau has mostly small plants. It also has soil that is frozen year-round.