<commit_before>#### What does the MultispeQ measure?

The standard MultispeQ protocol measures the following parameters*:

| Parameter | What does it mean? |
| ---------- | ------- |
|**Primary Parameters**| |
|Ambient Humidity|Relative humidity in percent (%)|
|Ambient Pressure|Atmospheric pressure (mbar) - This value is not corrected to sea level as found in weather reports|
|Ambient Temperature|Ambient temperature in degree Celsius (°C)|
|ECSt mAU|Total magnitude of ECS (electrochromic shift) decay during a light-dark transition (DIRK measurement) expressed in milli-absorbance unit. *[Sacksteder et al. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (2000)][doi:10.1073/pnas.97.26.14283], [Kramer et al. Photosynthesis Res. (1999)][doi.org/10.1023/A:1006212014787]*|
|gH+| Steady-state rate of proton flux through the chloroplast ATP synthase. *[Kanazawa and Kramer, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (2002)][doi:10.1073/pnas.182427499]*|
|Leaf Angle|The angle of the leaf, from 0 - 90 degrees|
|Leaf Temperature Differential|  **Leaf Temperature** ( or **contactless_temp**) minus **Ambient Temperature**, negative numbers mean that the leaf is cooler than the surrounding air and vice versa.
|LEF|Linear Electron Flow. The total flow of electrons from antennae complexes (where light is captured) into Photosystem II, taking the leaf absorptivity into account. Calculated as LEF = Phi2 x PAR x 0.45|
|Light Intensity (PAR)|Photosynthetically active radiation. Fraction of the incoming light (400 nm to 700 nm) which can be utilized to drive photosynthesis; µmol photons * m-2 * s-1|
|NPQt | Estimate of non-photochemical quenching. The amount of incoming light that is regulated away from photosynthetic processes in order to reduce damage to the plant.|
|Phi2 |Quantum yield of Photosystem II. This measurement is essentially the percentage of incoming light (excited electrons) that go into Photosystem II. Photosystem II is where most light energy is converted into food.|
|PhiNO|Ratio of incoming light that is lost via non-regulated processes. PhiNO is the combination of a number of unregulated processes whose by-products can inhibit photosynthesis or be harmful to the plant. *[Kuhlgert et al. Royal Soc Open Sci. (2016)][doi:10.1098/rsos.160592]*||
|PhiNPQ|Ratio of incoming light that goes towards non-photochemical quenching. The plant regulating excess energy in such a way as too reduce damage to the plant. *[Kuhlgert et al. Royal Soc Open Sci. (2016)][doi:10.1098/rsos.160592]*|
|PS1 Active Centers|Active Photosystem I that is operational to receive/pass electrons. *[Kanazawa et al. Front. Plant Sci. (2017)][doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00719]*]
|PS1 Open Centers|Photosystem I that is ready to accept electrons. *[Kanazawa et al. Front. Plant Sci. (2017)][doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00719]*|
|PS1 Over Reduced Centers|All the acceptor side of Photosystem I are occupied by electrons and cannot accept any more electrons. *[Kanazawa et al. Front. Plant Sci. (2017)][doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00719]*|
|PS1 Oxidized Centers|One or all of the acceptors of Photosystem I have no electron(s). *[Kanazawa et al. Front. Plant Sci. (2017)][doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00719]*|
|Relative Chlorophyll|Otherwise known has "SPAD" (Special Products Analysis Division), relative chlorophyll is a measure of leaf “greenness”. This measurement is often correlated with leaf nitrogen levels|
|Thickness| The thickness of the leaf as measured by the Hall Effect sensor embedded in the MultispeQ clamp.
|vH+|  Proton conductivity of the chloroplast ATP synthase. *[Avenson et al. Plant Cell Environ. (2005)][doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2005.01294.x]*|
|**Advanced**| |
|absorbance_wavelength|The absorbance of light from each wavelength that passed through the leaf|
|angle_direction|Abbreviated cardinal direction (e.g. NW - North West)|
|B|The raw amount of blue light captured by the PAR sensor|
|compass|Cardinal direction in degrees from North|<commit_msg>Update PAR units<commit_after>#### What does the MultispeQ measure?

The standard MultispeQ protocol measures the following parameters*:

| Parameter | What does it mean? |
| ---------- | ------- |
|**Primary Parameters**| |
|Ambient Humidity|Relative humidity in percent (%)|
|Ambient Pressure|Atmospheric pressure (mbar) - This value is not corrected to sea level as found in weather reports|
|Ambient Temperature|Ambient temperature in degree Celsius (°C)|
|ECSt mAU|Total magnitude of ECS (electrochromic shift) decay during a light-dark transition (DIRK measurement) expressed in milli-absorbance unit. *[Sacksteder et al. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (2000)][doi:10.1073/pnas.97.26.14283], [Kramer et al. Photosynthesis Res. (1999)][doi.org/10.1023/A:1006212014787]*|
|gH+| Steady-state rate of proton flux through the chloroplast ATP synthase. *[Kanazawa and Kramer, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. (2002)][doi:10.1073/pnas.182427499]*|
|Leaf Angle|The angle of the leaf, from 0 - 90 degrees|
|Leaf Temperature Differential|  **Leaf Temperature** ( or **contactless_temp**) minus **Ambient Temperature**, negative numbers mean that the leaf is cooler than the surrounding air and vice versa.
|LEF|Linear Electron Flow. The total flow of electrons from antennae complexes (where light is captured) into Photosystem II, taking the leaf absorptivity into account. Calculated as LEF = Phi2 x PAR x 0.45|
|Light Intensity (PAR)|Photosynthetically active radiation. Fraction of the incoming light (400 nm to 700 nm) which can be utilized to drive photosynthesis; µmol photons * s⁻¹ * m⁻²|
|NPQt | Estimate of non-photochemical quenching. The amount of incoming light that is regulated away from photosynthetic processes in order to reduce damage to the plant.|
|Phi2 |Quantum yield of Photosystem II. This measurement is essentially the percentage of incoming light (excited electrons) that go into Photosystem II. Photosystem II is where most light energy is converted into food.|
|PhiNO|Ratio of incoming light that is lost via non-regulated processes. PhiNO is the combination of a number of unregulated processes whose by-products can inhibit photosynthesis or be harmful to the plant. *[Kuhlgert et al. Royal Soc Open Sci. (2016)][doi:10.1098/rsos.160592]*||
|PhiNPQ|Ratio of incoming light that goes towards non-photochemical quenching. The plant regulating excess energy in such a way as too reduce damage to the plant. *[Kuhlgert et al. Royal Soc Open Sci. (2016)][doi:10.1098/rsos.160592]*|
|PS1 Active Centers|Active Photosystem I that is operational to receive/pass electrons. *[Kanazawa et al. Front. Plant Sci. (2017)][doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00719]*]
|PS1 Open Centers|Photosystem I that is ready to accept electrons. *[Kanazawa et al. Front. Plant Sci. (2017)][doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00719]*|
|PS1 Over Reduced Centers|All the acceptor side of Photosystem I are occupied by electrons and cannot accept any more electrons. *[Kanazawa et al. Front. Plant Sci. (2017)][doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00719]*|
|PS1 Oxidized Centers|One or all of the acceptors of Photosystem I have no electron(s). *[Kanazawa et al. Front. Plant Sci. (2017)][doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.00719]*|
|Relative Chlorophyll|Otherwise known has "SPAD" (Special Products Analysis Division), relative chlorophyll is a measure of leaf “greenness”. This measurement is often correlated with leaf nitrogen levels|
|Thickness| The thickness of the leaf as measured by the Hall Effect sensor embedded in the MultispeQ clamp.
|vH+|  Proton conductivity of the chloroplast ATP synthase. *[Avenson et al. Plant Cell Environ. (2005)][doi:10.1111/j.1365-3040.2005.01294.x]*|
|**Advanced**| |
|absorbance_wavelength|The absorbance of light from each wavelength that passed through the leaf|
|angle_direction|Abbreviated cardinal direction (e.g. NW - North West)|
|B|The raw amount of blue light captured by the PAR sensor|
|compass|Cardinal direction in degrees from North|
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