<commit_before>function Find-DbaUnusedIndex {
	<#
		.SYNOPSIS
			Find Unused indexes

		.DESCRIPTION
			This command will help you to find Unused indexes on a database or a list of databases

			Also tells how much space you can save by dropping the index.
			We show the type of compression so you can make a more considered decision.
			For now only supported for CLUSTERED and NONCLUSTERED indexes

			You can select the indexes you want to drop on the gridview and by click OK the drop statement will be generated.

			Output:
				TableName
				IndexName
				KeyCols
				IncludedCols
				IndexSizeMB
				IndexType
				CompressionDesc (When 2008+)
				NumberRows
				IsDisabled
				IsFiltered (When 2008+)

		.PARAMETER SqlInstance
			The SQL Server instance.

		.PARAMETER SqlCredential
			Allows you to login to servers using SQL Logins as opposed to Windows Auth/Integrated/Trusted. To use:

			$scred = Get-Credential, then pass $scred object to the -SqlCredential parameter.

			Windows Authentication will be used if SqlCredential is not specified. SQL Server does not accept Windows credentials being passed as credentials. To connect as a different Windows user, run PowerShell as that user.

		.PARAMETER Database
			The database(s) to process - this list is autopopulated from the server. If unspecified, all databases will be processed.

		.PARAMETER ExcludeDatabase
			The database(s) to exclude - this list is autopopulated from the server

		.PARAMETER FilePath
			The filepath of the file to write to.

		.PARAMETER NoClobber
			Do not overwrite file

		.PARAMETER Append
			Append to file

		.PARAMETER WhatIf
			Shows what would happen if the command were to run. No actions are actually performed.

		.PARAMETER Confirm
			Prompts you for confirmation before executing any changing operations within the command.

		.PARAMETER Silent
			Use this switch to disable any kind of verbose messages

		.NOTES
			Tags: Indexes
			Original Author: <NAME> (@SQLvariant), SQLvariant.com

			Website: https://dbatools.io
			Copyright: (C) <NAME>, <EMAIL>
			License: GNU GPL v3 https://opensource.org/licenses/GPL-3.0

		.LINK
			https://dbatools.io/Find-DbaUnusedIndex

		.EXAMPLE
			Find-DbaUnusedIndex -SqlInstance sql2005 -FilePath C:\temp\sql2005-UnusedIndexes.sql

			Exports SQL for the Unused indexes in server "sql2005" choosen on grid-view and writes them to the file "C:\temp\sql2005-UnusedIndexes.sql"

		.EXAMPLE
			Find-DbaUnusedIndex -SqlInstance sql2005 -FilePath C:\temp\sql2005-UnusedIndexes.sql -Append

			Exports SQL for the Unused indexes in server "sql2005" choosen on grid-view and writes/appends them to the file "C:\temp\sql2005-UnusedIndexes.sql"

		.EXAMPLE
			Find-DbaUnusedIndex -SqlInstance sqlserver2016 -SqlCredential $cred

			Will find exact Unused indexes on all user databases present on sqlserver2016 will be verified using SQL credentials.

		.EXAMPLE
			Find-DbaUnusedIndex -SqlInstance sqlserver2016 -Database db1, db2

			Will find exact Unused indexes on both db1 and db2 databases

		.EXAMPLE
			Find-DbaUnusedIndex -SqlInstance sqlserver2016

			Will find exact Unused indexes on all user databases
	#>
	[CmdletBinding(SupportsShouldProcess = $true)]
	Param (
		[parameter(Mandatory = $true, ValueFromPipeline = $true)]
		[Alias("ServerInstance", "SqlServer")]
		[DbaInstanceParameter[]]$SqlInstance,
		[PSCredential][System.Management.Automation.CredentialAttribute()]
		$SqlCredential,
		[Alias("Databases")]
		[object[]]$Database,
		[object[]]$ExcludeDatabase,
		[Alias("OutFile", "Path")]
		[string]$FilePath,
		[switch]$NoClobber,
		[switch]$Append,
		[switch]$Silent
	)

	begin {

		# Support Compression 2008+
		$unusedQuery = "
		SELECT DB_NAME(database_id) AS 'DatabaseName', s.name AS 'SchemaName', t.name AS 'TableName', i.object_id , i.name AS 'IndexName', i.index_id, i.type_desc , user_seeks , user_scans , user_lookups , user_updates , last_user_seek , last_user_scan , last_user_lookup , last_user_UPDATE , system_seeks , system_scans , system_lookups , system_updates , last_system_seek , last_system_scan , last_system_lookup , last_system_update
		FROM SYS.TABLES T
		JOIN SYS.SCHEMAS S
			ON T.schema_id = s.schema_id
		JOIN SYS.indexes i
			ON i.object_id = t.object_id LEFT OUTER
		JOIN sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats iu
			ON iu.object_id = i.object_id
				AND iu.index_id = i.index_id
		WHERE iu.database_id = DB_ID()
				AND OBJECTPROPERTY(i.[object_id], 'IsMSShipped') = 0
				AND user_seeks = 0
				AND user_scans = 0
				AND user_lookups = 0
				AND i.type_desc NOT IN ('HEAP', 'CLUSTERED COLUMNSTORE')"

		if ($FilePath.Length -gt 0) {
			if ($FilePath -notlike "*\*") { $FilePath = ".\$FilePath" }
			$directory = Split-Path $FilePath
			$exists = Test-Path $directory

			if ($exists -eq $false) {
				throw "Parent directory $directory does not exist"
			}
		}

		Write-Message -Level Output -Message "Attempting to connect to Sql Server.."
		$server = Connect-SqlInstance -SqlInstance $SqlInstance -SqlCredential $SqlCredential
	}
	process {
		if (Test-FunctionInterrupt) { return }

		if ($server.VersionMajor -lt 9) {
			Write-Message -Level Critical "This function does not support versions lower than SQL Server 2005 (v9)"
		}

		$lastRestart = $server.Databases['tempdb'].CreateDate
		$endDate = Get-Date -Date $lastRestart
		$diffDays = (New-TimeSpan -Start $endDate -End (Get-Date)).Days

		if ($diffDays -le 6) {
			Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "The SQL Service was restarted on $lastRestart, which is not long enough for a solid evaluation."
		}

		<#
			Validate if server version is:
				- sql 2012 and if have SP3 CU3 (Build 6537) or higher
				- sql 2014 and if have SP2 (Build 5000) or higher
			If the major version is the same but the build is lower, throws the message
		#>
		if (
			($server.VersionMajor -eq 11 -and $server.BuildNumber -lt 6537) `
				-or ($server.VersionMajor -eq 12 -and $server.BuildNumber -lt 5000)
		) {
			Write-Message -Level Critical -Message "This SQL version has a known issue. Rebuilding an index clears any existing row entry from sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats for that index.`r`nPlease refer to connect item: https://connect.microsoft.com/sqlserver/feedback/details/739566/rebuilding-an-index-clears-stats-from-sys-dm-db-index-usage-stats"
		}

		if ($diffDays -le 33) {
			Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "The SQL Service was restarted on $lastRestart, which may not be long enough for a solid evaluation."
		}

		if ($pipedatabase.Length -gt 0) {
			$database = $pipedatabase.name
		}

		if ($database.Count -eq 0) {
			$database = ($server.Databases | Where-Object { $_.IsSystemObject -eq 0 -and $_.IsAccessible}).Name
		}

		if ($database.Count -gt 0) {
			foreach ($db in $database) {
				if ($ExcludeDatabase -contains $db -or $null -eq $server.Databases[$db]) { continue }
				if ($server.Databases[$db].IsAccessible -eq $false) {
					Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Database [$db] is not accessible."
					continue
				}
				try {
					Write-Message -Level Output -Message "Getting indexes from database '$db'"

					$sql = $unusedQuery

					$unusedIndex = $server.Databases[$db].ExecuteWithResults($sql)

					$scriptGenerated = $false

					if ($unusedIndex.Tables[0].Rows.Count -gt 0) {
						$indexesToDrop = $unusedIndex.Tables[0] | Out-GridView -Title "Unused Indexes on $($db) database - Choose indexes to generate DROP script" -PassThru

						#When only 1 line selected, the count does not work
						if ($indexesToDrop.Count -gt 0 -or !([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($indexesToDrop))) {
							#reset to #Yes
							$result = 0

							if ($unusedIndex.Tables[0].Rows.Count -eq $indexesToDrop.Count) {
								$title = "Indexes to drop on databases '$db':"
								$message = "You will generate drop statements to all indexes.`r`nPerhaps you want to keep at least one.`r`nDo you wish to generate the script anyway? (Y/N)"
								$yes = New-Object System.Management.Automation.Host.ChoiceDescription "&Yes", "Will continue"
								$no = New-Object System.Management.Automation.Host.ChoiceDescription "&No", "Will exit"
								$options = [System.Management.Automation.Host.ChoiceDescription[]]($yes, $no)
								$result = $host.ui.PromptForChoice($title, $message, $options, 0)
							}

							#default OR answer = YES
							if ($result -eq 0) {
								$sqlout = "/*`r`n"
								$sqlout += "`tScript generated @ $(Get-Date -format "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.ms")`r`n"
								$sqlout += "`tDatabase: $($db)`r`n"
								$sqlout += "`tConfirm that you have choosen the right indexes before execute the drop script`r`n"
								$sqlout += "*/`r`n"

								foreach ($index in $indexesToDrop) {
									if ($FilePath.Length -gt 0) {
										Write-Message -Level Output -Message "Exporting $($index.TableName).$($index.IndexName)"
									}

									$sqlout += "USE [$($index.DatabaseName)]`r`n"
									$sqlout += "GO`r`n"
									$sqlout += "IF EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM sys.indexes WHERE [object_id] = OBJECT_ID('$($index.SchemaName).$($index.TableName)') AND name = '$($index.IndexName)')`r`n"
									$sqlout += "    DROP INDEX $($index.SchemaName).$($index.TableName).$($index.IndexName)`r`n"
									$sqlout += "GO`r`n`r`n"
								}

								if ($FilePath.Length -gt 0) {
									$sqlout | Out-File -FilePath $FilePath -Append:$Append -NoClobber:$NoClobber
								}
								else {
									$sqlout
								}

								$scriptGenerated = $true
							}
							#answer = no
							else {
								Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Script will not be generated for database '$db'"
							}
						}
					}
					else {
						Write-Message -Level Output -Message "No Unused indexes found!"
					}
				}
				catch {
					Stop-Function -Message "Issue gathering indexes" -Category InvalidOperation -InnerErrorRecord $_ -Target $db
				}
			}

			if ($scriptGenerated) {
				Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Confirm the generated script before execute!"
			}
			if ($FilePath.Length -gt 0) {
				Write-Message -Level Output -Message "Script generated to $FilePath"
			}
		}
		else {
			Write-Message -Level Output -Message "There are no databases to analyse."
		}
	}
	end {
		Test-DbaDeprecation -DeprecatedOn "1.0.0" -Alias Get-SqlUnusedIndex
	}<commit_msg>Corrected the throw to proper messag syntax<commit_after>function Find-DbaUnusedIndex {
	<#
		.SYNOPSIS
			Find Unused indexes

		.DESCRIPTION
			This command will help you to find Unused indexes on a database or a list of databases

			Also tells how much space you can save by dropping the index.
			We show the type of compression so you can make a more considered decision.
			For now only supported for CLUSTERED and NONCLUSTERED indexes

			You can select the indexes you want to drop on the gridview and by click OK the drop statement will be generated.

			Output:
				TableName
				IndexName
				KeyCols
				IncludedCols
				IndexSizeMB
				IndexType
				CompressionDesc (When 2008+)
				NumberRows
				IsDisabled
				IsFiltered (When 2008+)

		.PARAMETER SqlInstance
			The SQL Server instance.

		.PARAMETER SqlCredential
			Allows you to login to servers using SQL Logins as opposed to Windows Auth/Integrated/Trusted. To use:

			$scred = Get-Credential, then pass $scred object to the -SqlCredential parameter.

			Windows Authentication will be used if SqlCredential is not specified. SQL Server does not accept Windows credentials being passed as credentials. To connect as a different Windows user, run PowerShell as that user.

		.PARAMETER Database
			The database(s) to process - this list is autopopulated from the server. If unspecified, all databases will be processed.

		.PARAMETER ExcludeDatabase
			The database(s) to exclude - this list is autopopulated from the server

		.PARAMETER FilePath
			The filepath of the file to write to.

		.PARAMETER NoClobber
			Do not overwrite file

		.PARAMETER Append
			Append to file

		.PARAMETER WhatIf
			Shows what would happen if the command were to run. No actions are actually performed.

		.PARAMETER Confirm
			Prompts you for confirmation before executing any changing operations within the command.

		.PARAMETER Silent
			Use this switch to disable any kind of verbose messages

		.NOTES
			Tags: Indexes
			Original Author: <NAME> (@SQLvariant), SQLvariant.com

			Website: https://dbatools.io
			Copyright: (C) Chr<NAME>, <EMAIL>
			License: GNU GPL v3 https://opensource.org/licenses/GPL-3.0

		.LINK
			https://dbatools.io/Find-DbaUnusedIndex

		.EXAMPLE
			Find-DbaUnusedIndex -SqlInstance sql2005 -FilePath C:\temp\sql2005-UnusedIndexes.sql

			Exports SQL for the Unused indexes in server "sql2005" choosen on grid-view and writes them to the file "C:\temp\sql2005-UnusedIndexes.sql"

		.EXAMPLE
			Find-DbaUnusedIndex -SqlInstance sql2005 -FilePath C:\temp\sql2005-UnusedIndexes.sql -Append

			Exports SQL for the Unused indexes in server "sql2005" choosen on grid-view and writes/appends them to the file "C:\temp\sql2005-UnusedIndexes.sql"

		.EXAMPLE
			Find-DbaUnusedIndex -SqlInstance sqlserver2016 -SqlCredential $cred

			Will find exact Unused indexes on all user databases present on sqlserver2016 will be verified using SQL credentials.

		.EXAMPLE
			Find-DbaUnusedIndex -SqlInstance sqlserver2016 -Database db1, db2

			Will find exact Unused indexes on both db1 and db2 databases

		.EXAMPLE
			Find-DbaUnusedIndex -SqlInstance sqlserver2016

			Will find exact Unused indexes on all user databases
	#>
	[CmdletBinding(SupportsShouldProcess = $true)]
	Param (
		[parameter(Mandatory = $true, ValueFromPipeline = $true)]
		[Alias("ServerInstance", "SqlServer")]
		[DbaInstanceParameter[]]$SqlInstance,
		[PSCredential][System.Management.Automation.CredentialAttribute()]
		$SqlCredential,
		[Alias("Databases")]
		[object[]]$Database,
		[object[]]$ExcludeDatabase,
		[Alias("OutFile", "Path")]
		[string]$FilePath,
		[switch]$NoClobber,
		[switch]$Append,
		[switch]$Silent
	)

	begin {

		# Support Compression 2008+
		$unusedQuery = "
		SELECT DB_NAME(database_id) AS 'DatabaseName', s.name AS 'SchemaName', t.name AS 'TableName', i.object_id , i.name AS 'IndexName', i.index_id, i.type_desc , user_seeks , user_scans , user_lookups , user_updates , last_user_seek , last_user_scan , last_user_lookup , last_user_UPDATE , system_seeks , system_scans , system_lookups , system_updates , last_system_seek , last_system_scan , last_system_lookup , last_system_update
		FROM SYS.TABLES T
		JOIN SYS.SCHEMAS S
			ON T.schema_id = s.schema_id
		JOIN SYS.indexes i
			ON i.object_id = t.object_id LEFT OUTER
		JOIN sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats iu
			ON iu.object_id = i.object_id
				AND iu.index_id = i.index_id
		WHERE iu.database_id = DB_ID()
				AND OBJECTPROPERTY(i.[object_id], 'IsMSShipped') = 0
				AND user_seeks = 0
				AND user_scans = 0
				AND user_lookups = 0
				AND i.type_desc NOT IN ('HEAP', 'CLUSTERED COLUMNSTORE')"

		if ($FilePath.Length -gt 0) {
			if ($FilePath -notlike "*\*") { $FilePath = ".\$FilePath" }
			$directory = Split-Path $FilePath
			$exists = Test-Path $directory

			if ($exists -eq $false) {
				#throw "Parent directory $directory does not exist"
				Stop-Function -Message "Parent directory $directory does not exist."
				return
			}
		}

		Write-Message -Level Output -Message "Attempting to connect to Sql Server.."
		$server = Connect-SqlInstance -SqlInstance $SqlInstance -SqlCredential $SqlCredential
	}
	process {
		if (Test-FunctionInterrupt) { return }

		if ($server.VersionMajor -lt 9) {
			Stop-Function -Message "This function does not support versions lower than SQL Server 2005 (v9)"
			return
		}

		$lastRestart = $server.Databases['tempdb'].CreateDate
		$endDate = Get-Date -Date $lastRestart
		$diffDays = (New-TimeSpan -Start $endDate -End (Get-Date)).Days

		if ($diffDays -le 6) {
			Stop-Function -Message "The SQL Service was restarted on $lastRestart, which is not long enough for a solid evaluation."
			return
		}

		<#
			Validate if server version is:
				- sql 2012 and if have SP3 CU3 (Build 6537) or higher
				- sql 2014 and if have SP2 (Build 5000) or higher
			If the major version is the same but the build is lower, throws the message
		#>
		if (
			($server.VersionMajor -eq 11 -and $server.BuildNumber -lt 6537) `
				-or ($server.VersionMajor -eq 12 -and $server.BuildNumber -lt 5000)
		) {
			Stop-Function -Message "This SQL version has a known issue. Rebuilding an index clears any existing row entry from sys.dm_db_index_usage_stats for that index.`r`nPlease refer to connect item: https://connect.microsoft.com/sqlserver/feedback/details/739566/rebuilding-an-index-clears-stats-from-sys-dm-db-index-usage-stats"
			return
		}

		if ($diffDays -le 33) {
			Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "The SQL Service was restarted on $lastRestart, which may not be long enough for a solid evaluation."
		}

		if ($pipedatabase.Length -gt 0) {
			$database = $pipedatabase.name
		}

		if ($database.Count -eq 0) {
			$database = ($server.Databases | Where-Object { $_.IsSystemObject -eq 0 -and $_.IsAccessible}).Name
		}

		if ($database.Count -gt 0) {
			foreach ($db in $database) {
				if ($ExcludeDatabase -contains $db -or $null -eq $server.Databases[$db]) { continue }
				if ($server.Databases[$db].IsAccessible -eq $false) {
					Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Database [$db] is not accessible."
					continue
				}
				try {
					Write-Message -Level Output -Message "Getting indexes from database '$db'"

					$sql = $unusedQuery

					$unusedIndex = $server.Databases[$db].ExecuteWithResults($sql)

					$scriptGenerated = $false

					if ($unusedIndex.Tables[0].Rows.Count -gt 0) {
						$indexesToDrop = $unusedIndex.Tables[0] | Out-GridView -Title "Unused Indexes on $($db) database - Choose indexes to generate DROP script" -PassThru

						#When only 1 line selected, the count does not work
						if ($indexesToDrop.Count -gt 0 -or !([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($indexesToDrop))) {
							#reset to #Yes
							$result = 0

							if ($unusedIndex.Tables[0].Rows.Count -eq $indexesToDrop.Count) {
								$title = "Indexes to drop on databases '$db':"
								$message = "You will generate drop statements to all indexes.`r`nPerhaps you want to keep at least one.`r`nDo you wish to generate the script anyway? (Y/N)"
								$yes = New-Object System.Management.Automation.Host.ChoiceDescription "&Yes", "Will continue"
								$no = New-Object System.Management.Automation.Host.ChoiceDescription "&No", "Will exit"
								$options = [System.Management.Automation.Host.ChoiceDescription[]]($yes, $no)
								$result = $host.ui.PromptForChoice($title, $message, $options, 0)
							}

							#default OR answer = YES
							if ($result -eq 0) {
								$sqlout = "/*`r`n"
								$sqlout += "`tScript generated @ $(Get-Date -format "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.ms")`r`n"
								$sqlout += "`tDatabase: $($db)`r`n"
								$sqlout += "`tConfirm that you have choosen the right indexes before execute the drop script`r`n"
								$sqlout += "*/`r`n"

								foreach ($index in $indexesToDrop) {
									if ($FilePath.Length -gt 0) {
										Write-Message -Level Output -Message "Exporting $($index.TableName).$($index.IndexName)"
									}

									$sqlout += "USE [$($index.DatabaseName)]`r`n"
									$sqlout += "GO`r`n"
									$sqlout += "IF EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM sys.indexes WHERE [object_id] = OBJECT_ID('$($index.SchemaName).$($index.TableName)') AND name = '$($index.IndexName)')`r`n"
									$sqlout += "    DROP INDEX $($index.SchemaName).$($index.TableName).$($index.IndexName)`r`n"
									$sqlout += "GO`r`n`r`n"
								}

								if ($FilePath.Length -gt 0) {
									$sqlout | Out-File -FilePath $FilePath -Append:$Append -NoClobber:$NoClobber
								}
								else {
									$sqlout
								}

								$scriptGenerated = $true
							}
							#answer = no
							else {
								Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Script will not be generated for database '$db'"
							}
						}
					}
					else {
						Write-Message -Level Output -Message "No Unused indexes found!"
					}
				}
				catch {
					Stop-Function -Message "Issue gathering indexes" -Category InvalidOperation -InnerErrorRecord $_ -Target $db
				}
			}

			if ($scriptGenerated) {
				Write-Message -Level Warning -Message "Confirm the generated script before execute!"
			}
			if ($FilePath.Length -gt 0) {
				Write-Message -Level Output -Message "Script generated to $FilePath"
			}
		}
		else {
			Write-Message -Level Output -Message "There are no databases to analyse."
		}
	}
	end {
		if (Test-FunctionInterrupt) { return }
		Test-DbaDeprecation -DeprecatedOn "1.0.0" -Alias Get-SqlUnusedIndex
	}
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