<commit_before>/**
 * \file control/control.c
 * \brief CTL interface - primitive controls
 * \author <NAME> <<EMAIL>>
 * \date 2000
 *
 * CTL interface is designed to access primitive controls.
 * See \ref control page for more details.
 */
/*
 *  Control Interface - main file
 *  Copyright (c) 2000 by <NAME> <<EMAIL>>
 *
 *
 *   This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *   it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
 *   published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of
 *   the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *   GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 *   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 *   License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
 *   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
 *
 */

/*! \page control Control interface

<P>Control interface is designed to access primitive controls. There is
also interface notifying about control and structure changes.

\section control_general_overview General overview

In ALSA control feature, each sound card can have control elements. The elements
are managed according to below model.

 - element set
   - A set of elements with the same attribute (i.e. name, get/put operations).
     Some element sets can be added to a sound card by drivers in kernel and
     userspace applications.
 - element
   - An element can be identified by userspace applications. Each element has
     own identical information.
 - member
   - An element includes some members to have a value. The value of each member
     can be changed by both of userspace applications and drivers in kernel.

Each element can be identified by two ways; a combination of name and index, or
numerical number (numid).

The type of element set is one of integer, integerr64, boolean, enumerators,
bytes and IEC958 structure. This indicates the type of value for each member in
elements included in the element set.

When the value of member is changed, corresponding events are transferred to
userspace applications. The applications should subscribe any events in advance.
*/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/poll.h>
#include "control_local.h"

/**
 * \brief get identifier of CTL handle
 * \param ctl CTL handle
 * \return ascii identifier of CTL handle
 *<commit_msg>ctl: add explanation about threshold level feature<commit_after>/**
 * \file control/control.c
 * \brief CTL interface - primitive controls
 * \author <NAME> <<EMAIL>>
 * \date 2000
 *
 * CTL interface is designed to access primitive controls.
 * See \ref control page for more details.
 */
/*
 *  Control Interface - main file
 *  Copyright (c) 2000 by <NAME> <<EMAIL>>
 *
 *
 *   This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *   it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as
 *   published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of
 *   the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *   GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 *   You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 *   License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
 *   Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
 *
 */

/*! \page control Control interface

<P>Control interface is designed to access primitive controls. There is
also interface notifying about control and structure changes.

\section control_general_overview General overview

In ALSA control feature, each sound card can have control elements. The elements
are managed according to below model.

 - element set
   - A set of elements with the same attribute (i.e. name, get/put operations).
     Some element sets can be added to a sound card by drivers in kernel and
     userspace applications.
 - element
   - An element can be identified by userspace applications. Each element has
     own identical information.
 - member
   - An element includes some members to have a value. The value of each member
     can be changed by both of userspace applications and drivers in kernel.

Each element can be identified by two ways; a combination of name and index, or
numerical number (numid).

The type of element set is one of integer, integerr64, boolean, enumerators,
bytes and IEC958 structure. This indicates the type of value for each member in
elements included in the element set.

When the value of member is changed, corresponding events are transferred to
userspace applications. The applications should subscribe any events in advance.

\section tlv_blob Thredshold level and arbitrary data

TLV feature is designed to transfer data about threshold level between a driver
and any userspace applications. The data is for an element set.

At first, this feature was implemented to add pre-defined data readable to
userspace applications. Soon, it was extended to handle several operations;
read, write and command. The original implementation remains as the read
operation. The command operation allows drivers to have own implementations
against requests from userspace applications. As of 2016, simple write operation
is not supported yet.

This feature was introduced to ALSA control feature in 2006, at commit
c7a0708a2362, corresponding to a series of work for Linux kernel (42750b04c5ba
and 8aa9b586e420).

This feature can transfer arbitrary data in a shape of an array with members of
unsigned int type, therefore it can be used to deliver quite large arbitrary
data from userspace to in-kernel drivers via ALSA control character device.
Focusing on this nature, some in-kernel implementations utilize this feature for
I/O operations.
*/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/poll.h>
#include "control_local.h"

/**
 * \brief get identifier of CTL handle
 * \param ctl CTL handle
 * \return ascii identifier of CTL handle
 *
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