<commit_before>// Copyright 2012-2014 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
// except according to those terms.

//! Atomic types
//!
//! Atomic types provide primitive shared-memory communication between
//! threads, and are the building blocks of other concurrent
//! types.
//!
//! This module defines atomic versions of a select number of primitive
//! types, including `AtomicBool`, `AtomicIsize`, and `AtomicUsize`.
//! Atomic types present operations that, when used correctly, synchronize
//! updates between threads.
//!
//! Each method takes an `Ordering` which represents the strength of
//! the memory barrier for that operation. These orderings are the
//! same as [LLVM atomic orderings][1]. For more information see the [nomicon][2].
//!
//! [1]: http://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#memory-model-for-concurrent-operations
//! [2]: ../../../nomicon/atomics.html
//!
//! Atomic variables are safe to share between threads (they implement `Sync`)
//! but they do not themselves provide the mechanism for sharing and follow the
//! [threading model](../../../std/thread/index.html#the-threading-model) of rust.
//! The most common way to share an atomic variable is to put it into an `Arc` (an
//! atomically-reference-counted shared pointer).
//!
//! Most atomic types may be stored in static variables, initialized using
//! the provided static initializers like `ATOMIC_BOOL_INIT`. Atomic statics
//! are often used for lazy global initialization.
//!
//!
//! # Examples
//!
//! A simple spinlock:
//!
//! ```
//! use std::sync::Arc;
//! use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering};
//! use std::thread;
//!
//! fn main() {
//!     let spinlock = Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(1));
//!
//!     let spinlock_clone = spinlock.clone();
//!     let thread = thread::spawn(move|| {
//!         spinlock_clone.store(0, Ordering::SeqCst);
//!     });
//!
//!     // Wait for the other thread to release the lock
//!     while spinlock.load(Ordering::SeqCst) != 0 {}
//!
//!     if let Err(panic) = thread.join() {
//!         println!("Thread had an error: {:?}", panic);
//!     }
//! }
//! ```
//!
//! Keep a global count of live threads:
//!
//! ```
//! use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering, ATOMIC_USIZE_INIT};
//!
//! static GLOBAL_THREAD_COUNT: AtomicUsize = ATOMIC_USIZE_INIT;
//!
//! let old_thread_count = GLOBAL_THREAD_COUNT.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst);
//! println!("live threads: {}", old_thread_count + 1);
//! ```

#![stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
#![cfg_attr(not(target_has_atomic = "8"), allow(dead_code))]
#![cfg_attr(not(target_has_atomic = "8"), allow(unused_imports))]

use self::Ordering::*;

use intrinsics;
use cell::UnsafeCell;
use fmt;

/// A boolean type which can be safely shared between threads.
///
/// This type has the same in-memory representation as a `bool`.
#[cfg(target_has_atomic = "8")]
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
pub struct AtomicBool {
    v: UnsafeCell<u8>,
}

#[cfg(target_has_atomic = "8")]
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl Default for AtomicBool {
    /// Creates an `AtomicBool` initialized to `false`.
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self::new(false)
    }
}

// Send is implicitly implemented for AtomicBool.
#[cfg(target_has_atomic = "8")]
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
unsafe impl Sync for AtomicBool {}

/// A raw pointer type which can be safely shared between threads.
///
/// This type has the same in-memory representation as a `*mut T`.
#[cfg(target_has_atomic = "ptr")]
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
pub struct AtomicPtr<T> {
    p: UnsafeCell<*mut T>,
}

#[cfg(target_has_atomic = "ptr")]
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<T> Default for AtomicPtr<T> {
    /// Creates a null `AtomicPtr<T>`.
    fn default() -> AtomicPtr<T> {
        AtomicPtr::new(::ptr::null_mut())
    }
}

#[cfg(target_has_atomic = "ptr")]
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
unsafe impl<T> Send for AtomicPtr<T> {}
#[cfg(target_has_atomic = "ptr")]
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
unsafe impl<T> Sync for AtomicPtr<T> {}

/// Atomic memory orderings
///
/// Memory orderings limit the ways that both the compiler and CPU may reorder
/// instructions around atomic operations. At its most restrictive,
/// "sequentially consistent" atomics allow neither reads nor writes
/// to be moved either before or after the atomic operation; on the other end
/// "relaxed" atomics allow all reorderings.
///
/// Rust's memory orderings are [the same as
/// LLVM's](http://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#memory-model-for-concurrent-operations).
///
/// For more information see the [nomicon][1].
/// [1]: ../../../nomicon/atomics.html
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug)]
pub enum Ordering {
    /// No ordering constraints, only atomic operations. Corresponds to LLVM's
    /// `Monotonic` ordering.
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    Relaxed,
    /// When coupled with a store, all previous writes become visible
    /// to the other threads that perform a load with `Acquire` ordering
    /// on the same value.
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    Release,
    /// When coupled with a load, all subsequent loads will see data
    /// written before a store with `Release` ordering on the same value
    /// in other threads.
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    Acquire,
    /// When coupled with a load, uses `Acquire` ordering, and with a store
    /// `Release` ordering.
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    AcqRel,
    /// Like `AcqRel` with the additional guarantee that all threads see all
    /// sequentially consistent operations in the same order.
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    SeqCst,
    // Prevent exhaustive matching to allow for future extension
    #[doc(hidden)]
    #[unstable(feature = "future_atomic_orderings", issue = "0")]
    __Nonexhaustive,
}

/// An `AtomicBool` initialized to `false`.
#[cfg(target_has_atomic = "8")]
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
pub const ATOMIC_BOOL_INIT: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);

#[cfg(target_has_atomic = "8")]
impl AtomicBool {
    /// Creates a new `AtomicBool`.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool;
    ///
    /// let atomic_true  = AtomicBool::new(true);
    /// let atomic_false = AtomicBool::new(false);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub const fn new(v: bool) -> AtomicBool {
        AtomicBool { v: UnsafeCell::new(v as u8) }
    }

    /// Returns a mutable reference to the underlying `bool`.
    ///
    /// This is safe because the mutable reference guarantees that no other threads are
    /// concurrently accessing the atomic data.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let mut some_bool = AtomicBool::new(true);
    /// assert_eq!(*some_bool.get_mut(), true);
    /// *some_bool.get_mut() = false;
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.load(Ordering::SeqCst), false);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "atomic_access", since = "1.15.0")]
    pub fn get_mut(&mut self) -> &mut bool {
        unsafe { &mut *(self.v.get() as *mut bool) }
    }

    /// Consumes the atomic and returns the contained value.
    ///
    /// This is safe because passing `self` by value guarantees that no other threads are
    /// concurrently accessing the atomic data.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool;
    ///
    /// let some_bool = AtomicBool::new(true);
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.into_inner(), true);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "atomic_access", since = "1.15.0")]
    pub fn into_inner(self) -> bool {
        unsafe { self.v.into_inner() != 0 }
    }

    /// Loads a value from the bool.
    ///
    /// `load` takes an [`Ordering`] argument which describes the memory ordering
    /// of this operation.
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if `order` is [`Release`] or [`AcqRel`].
    ///
    /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
    /// [`Release`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.Release
    /// [`AcqRel`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.Release
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let some_bool = AtomicBool::new(true);
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.load(Ordering::Relaxed), true);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn load(&self, order: Ordering) -> bool {
        unsafe { atomic_load(self.v.get(), order) != 0 }
    }

    /// Stores a value into the bool.
    ///
    /// `store` takes an [`Ordering`] argument which describes the memory ordering
    /// of this operation.
    ///
    /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let some_bool = AtomicBool::new(true);
    ///
    /// some_bool.store(false, Ordering::Relaxed);
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.load(Ordering::Relaxed), false);
    /// ```
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if `order` is `Acquire` or `AcqRel`.
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn store(&self, val: bool, order: Ordering) {
        unsafe {
            atomic_store(self.v.get(), val as u8, order);
        }
    }

    /// Stores a value into the bool, returning the old value.
    ///
    /// `swap` takes an [`Ordering`] argument which describes the memory ordering
    /// of this operation.
    ///
    /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let some_bool = AtomicBool::new(true);
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.swap(false, Ordering::Relaxed), true);
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.load(Ordering::Relaxed), false);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn swap(&self, val: bool, order: Ordering) -> bool {
        unsafe { atomic_swap(self.v.get(), val as u8, order) != 0 }
    }

    /// Stores a value into the `bool` if the current value is the same as the `current` value.
    ///
    /// The return value is always the previous value. If it is equal to `current`, then the value
    /// was updated.
    ///
    /// `compare_and_swap` also takes an [`Ordering`] argument which describes the memory
    /// ordering of this operation.
    ///
    /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let some_bool = AtomicBool::new(true);
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.compare_and_swap(true, false, Ordering::Relaxed), true);
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.load(Ordering::Relaxed), false);
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.compare_and_swap(true, true, Ordering::Relaxed), false);
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.load(Ordering::Relaxed), false);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn compare_and_swap(&self, current: bool, new: bool, order: Ordering) -> bool {
        match self.compare_exchange(current, new, order, strongest_failure_ordering(order)) {
            Ok(x) => x,
            Err(x) => x,
        }
    }

    /// Stores a value into the `bool` if the current value is the same as the `current` value.
    ///
    /// The return value is a result indicating whether the new value was written and containing
    /// the previous value. On success this value is guaranteed to be equal to `current`.
    ///
    /// `compare_exchange` takes two [`Ordering`] arguments to describe the memory
    /// ordering of this operation. The first describes the required ordering if the
    /// operation succeeds while the second describes the required ordering when the
    /// operation fails. The failure ordering can't be [`Release`] or [`AcqRel`] and must
    /// be equivalent or weaker than the success ordering.
    ///
    /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
    /// [`Release`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.Release
    /// [`AcqRel`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.Release
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let some_bool = AtomicBool::new(true);
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.compare_exchange(true,
    ///                                       false,
    ///                                       Ordering::Acquire,
    ///                                       Ordering::Relaxed),
    ///            Ok(true));
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.load(Ordering::Relaxed), false);
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.compare_exchange(true, true,
    ///                                       Ordering::SeqCst,
    ///                                       Ordering::Acquire),
    ///            Err(false));
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.load(Ordering::Relaxed), false);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "extended_compare_and_swap", since = "1.10.0")]
    pub fn compare_exchange(&self,
                            current: bool,
                            new: bool,
                            success: Ordering,
                            failure: Ordering)
                            -> Result<bool, bool> {
        match unsafe {
            atomic_compare_exchange(self.v.get(), current as u8, new as u8, success, failure)
        } {
            Ok(x) => Ok(x != 0),
            Err(x) => Err(x != 0),
        }
    }

    /// Stores a value into the `bool` if the current value is the same as the `current` value.
    ///
    /// Unlike `compare_exchange`, this function is allowed to spuriously fail even when the
    /// comparison succeeds, which can result in more efficient code on some platforms. The
    /// return value is a result indicating whether the new value was written and containing the
    /// previous value.
    ///
    /// `compare_exchange_weak` takes two [`Ordering`] arguments to describe the memory
    /// ordering of this operation. The first describes the required ordering if the operation
    /// succeeds while the second describes the required ordering when the operation fails. The
    /// failure ordering can't be [`Release`] or [`AcqRel`] and must be equivalent or
    /// weaker than the success ordering.
    ///
    /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
    /// [`Release`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.Release
    /// [`AcqRel`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.Release
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let val = AtomicBool::new(false);
    ///
    /// let new = true;
    /// let mut old = val.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
    /// loop {
    ///     match val.compare_exchange_weak(old, new, Ordering::SeqCst, Ordering::Relaxed) {
    ///         Ok(_) => break,
    ///         Err(x) => old = x,
    ///     }
    /// }
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "extended_compare_and_swap", since = "1.10.0")]
    pub fn compare_exchange_weak(&self,
                                 current: bool,
                                 new: bool,
                                 success: Ordering,
                                 failure: Ordering)
                                 -> Result<bool, bool> {
        match unsafe {
            atomic_compare_exchange_weak(self.v.get(), current as u8, new as u8, success, failure)
        } {
            Ok(x) => Ok(x != 0),
            Err(x) => Err(x != 0),
        }
    }

    /// Logical "and" with a boolean value.
    ///
    /// Performs a logical "and" operation on the current value and the argument `val`, and sets
    /// the new value to the result.
    ///
    /// Returns the previous value.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let foo = AtomicBool::new(true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.fetch_and(false, Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst), false);
    ///
    /// let foo = AtomicBool::new(true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.fetch_and(true, Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    ///
    /// let foo = AtomicBool::new(false);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.fetch_and(false, Ordering::SeqCst), false);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst), false);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn fetch_and(&self, val: bool, order: Ordering) -> bool {
        unsafe { atomic_and(self.v.get(), val as u8, order) != 0 }
    }

    /// Logical "nand" with a boolean value.
    ///
    /// Performs a logical "nand" operation on the current value and the argument `val`, and sets
    /// the new value to the result.
    ///
    /// Returns the previous value.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let foo = AtomicBool::new(true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.fetch_nand(false, Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    ///
    /// let foo = AtomicBool::new(true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.fetch_nand(true, Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst) as usize, 0);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst), false);
    ///
    /// let foo = AtomicBool::new(false);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.fetch_nand(false, Ordering::SeqCst), false);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn fetch_nand(&self, val: bool, order: Ordering) -> bool {
        // We can't use atomic_nand here because it can result in a bool with
        // an invalid value. This happens because the atomic operation is done
        // with an 8-bit integer internally, which would set the upper 7 bits.
        // So we just use a compare-exchange loop instead, which is what the
        // intrinsic actually expands to anyways on many platforms.
        let mut old = self.load(Relaxed);
        loop {
            let new = !(old && val);
            match self.compare_exchange_weak(old, new, order, Relaxed) {
                Ok(_) => break,
                Err(x) => old = x,
            }
        }
        old
    }

    /// Logical "or" with a boolean value.
    ///
    /// Performs a logical "or" operation on the current value and the argument `val`, and sets the
    /// new value to the result.
    ///
    /// Returns the previous value.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let foo = AtomicBool::new(true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.fetch_or(false, Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    ///
    /// let foo = AtomicBool::new(true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.fetch_or(true, Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    ///
    /// let foo = AtomicBool::new(false);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.fetch_or(false, Ordering::SeqCst), false);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst), false);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn fetch_or(&self, val: bool, order: Ordering) -> bool {
        unsafe { atomic_or(self.v.get(), val as u8, order) != 0 }
    }

    /// Logical "xor" with a boolean value.
    ///
    /// Performs a logical "xor" operation on the current value and the argument `val`, and sets
    /// the new value to the result.
    ///
    /// Returns the previous value.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let foo = AtomicBool::new(true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.fetch_xor(false, Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    ///
    /// let foo = AtomicBool::new(true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.fetch_xor(true, Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst), false);
    ///
    /// let foo = AtomicBool::new(false);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.fetch_xor(false, Ordering::SeqCst), false);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst), false);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn fetch_xor(&self, val: bool, order: Ordering) -> bool {
        unsafe { atomic_xor(self.v.get(), val as u8, order) != 0 }
    }
}

#[cfg(target_has_atomic = "ptr")]
impl<T> AtomicPtr<T> {
    /// Creates a new `AtomicPtr`.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::AtomicPtr;
    ///
    /// let ptr = &mut 5;
    /// let atomic_ptr  = AtomicPtr::new(ptr);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub const fn new(p: *mut T) -> AtomicPtr<T> {
        AtomicPtr { p: UnsafeCell::new(p) }
    }

    /// Returns a mutable reference to the underlying pointer.
    ///
    /// This is safe because the mutable reference guarantees that no other threads are
    /// concurrently accessing the atomic data.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicPtr, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let mut atomic_ptr = AtomicPtr::new(&mut 10);
    /// *atomic_ptr.get_mut() = &mut 5;
    /// assert_eq!(unsafe { *atomic_ptr.load(Ordering::SeqCst) }, 5);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "atomic_access", since = "1.15.0")]
    pub fn get_mut(&mut self) -> &mut *mut T {
        unsafe { &mut *self.p.get() }
    }

    /// Consumes the atomic and returns the contained value.
    ///
    /// This is safe because passing `self` by value guarantees that no other threads are
    /// concurrently accessing the atomic data.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::AtomicPtr;
    ///
    /// let atomic_ptr = AtomicPtr::new(&mut 5);
    /// assert_eq!(unsafe { *atomic_ptr.into_inner() }, 5);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "atomic_access", since = "1.15.0")]
    pub fn into_inner(self) -> *mut T {
        unsafe { self.p.into_inner() }
    }

    /// Loads a value from the pointer.
    ///
    /// `load` takes an [`Ordering`] argument which describes the memory ordering
    /// of this operation.
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if `order` is [`Release`] or [`AcqRel`].
    ///
    /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
    /// [`Release`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.Release
    /// [`AcqRel`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.AcqRel
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicPtr, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let ptr = &mut 5;
    /// let some_ptr  = AtomicPtr::new(ptr);
    ///
    /// let value = some_ptr.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn load(&self, order: Ordering) -> *mut T {
        unsafe { atomic_load(self.p.get() as *mut usize, order) as *mut T }
    }

    /// Stores a value into the pointer.
    ///
    /// `store` takes an [`Ordering`] argument which describes the memory ordering
    /// of this operation.
    ///
    /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicPtr, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let ptr = &mut 5;
    /// let some_ptr  = AtomicPtr::new(ptr);
    ///
    /// let other_ptr = &mut 10;
    ///
    /// some_ptr.store(other_ptr, Ordering::Relaxed);
    /// ```
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if `order` is `Acquire` or `AcqRel`.
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn store(&self, ptr: *mut T, order: Ordering) {
        unsafe {
            atomic_store(self.p.get() as *mut usize, ptr as usize, order);
        }
    }

    /// Stores a value into the pointer, returning the old value.
    ///
    /// `swap` takes an [`Ordering`] argument which describes the memory ordering
    /// of this operation.
    ///
    /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicPtr, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let ptr = &mut 5;
    /// let some_ptr  = AtomicPtr::new(ptr);
    ///
    /// let other_ptr = &mut 10;
    ///
    /// let value = some_ptr.swap(other_ptr, Ordering::Relaxed);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn swap(&self, ptr: *mut T, order: Ordering) -> *mut T {
        unsafe { atomic_swap(self.p.get() as *mut usize, ptr as usize, order) as *mut T }
    }

    /// Stores a value into the pointer if the current value is the same as the `current` value.
    ///
    /// The return value is always the previous value. If it is equal to `current`, then the value
    /// was updated.
    ///
    /// `compare_and_swap` also takes an [`Ordering`] argument which describes the memory
    /// ordering of this operation.
    ///
    /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicPtr, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let ptr = &mut 5;
    /// let some_ptr  = AtomicPtr::new(ptr);
    ///
    /// let other_ptr   = &mut 10;
    /// let another_ptr = &mut 10;
    ///
    /// let value = some_ptr.compare_and_swap(other_ptr, another_ptr, Ordering::Relaxed);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn compare_and_swap(&self, current: *mut T, new: *mut T, order: Ordering) -> *mut T {
        match self.compare_exchange(current, new, order, strongest_failure_ordering(order)) {
            Ok(x) => x,
            Err(x) => x,
        }
    }

    /// Stores a value into the pointer if the current value is the same as the `current` value.
    ///
    /// The return value is a result indicating whether the new value was written and containing
    /// the previous value. On success this value is guaranteed to be equal to `current`.
    ///
    /// `compare_exchange` takes two [`Ordering`] arguments to describe the memory
    /// ordering of this operation. The first describes the required ordering if
    /// the operation succeeds while the second describes the required ordering when
    /// the operation fails. The failure ordering can't be [`Release`] or [`AcqRel`]
    /// and must be equivalent or weaker than the success ordering.
    ///
    /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
    /// [`Release`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.Release
    /// [`AcqRel`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.AcqRel
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicPtr, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let ptr = &mut 5;
    /// let some_ptr  = AtomicPtr::new(ptr);
    ///
    /// let other_ptr   = &mut 10;
    /// let another_ptr = &mut 10;
    ///
    /// let value = some_ptr.compare_exchange(other_ptr, another_ptr,
    ///                                       Ordering::SeqCst, Ordering::Relaxed);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "extended_compare_and_swap", since = "1.10.0")]
    pub fn compare_exchange(&self,
                            current: *mut T,
                            new: *mut T,
                            success: Ordering,
                            failure: Ordering)
                            -> Result<*mut T, *mut T> {
        unsafe {
            let res = atomic_compare_exchange(self.p.get() as *mut usize,
                                              current as usize,
                                              new as usize,
                                              success,
                                              failure);
            match res {
                Ok(x) => Ok(x as *mut T),
                Err(x) => Err(x as *mut T),
            }
        }
    }

    /// Stores a value into the pointer if the current value is the same as the `current` value.
    ///
    /// Unlike [`compare_exchange`], this function is allowed to spuriously fail even when the
    /// comparison succeeds, which can result in more efficient code on some platforms. The
    /// return value is a result indicating whether the new value was written and containing the
    /// previous value.
    ///
    /// `compare_exchange_weak` takes two [`Ordering`] arguments to describe the memory
    /// ordering of this operation. The first describes the required ordering if the operation
    /// succeeds while the second describes the required ordering when the operation fails. The
    /// failure ordering can't be [`Release`] or [`AcqRel`] and must be equivalent or
    /// weaker than the success ordering.
    ///
    /// [`compare_exchange`]: #method.compare_exchange
    /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
    /// [`Release`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.Release
    /// [`AcqRel`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.AcqRel
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicPtr, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let some_ptr = AtomicPtr::new(&mut 5);
    ///
    /// let new = &mut 10;
    /// let mut old = some_ptr.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
    /// loop {
    ///     match some_ptr.compare_exchange_weak(old, new, Ordering::SeqCst, Ordering::Relaxed) {
    ///         Ok(_) => break,
    ///         Err(x) => old = x,
    ///     }
    /// }
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "extended_compare_and_swap", since = "1.10.0")]
    pub fn compare_exchange_weak(&self,
                                 current: *mut T,
                                 new: *mut T,
                                 success: Ordering,
                                 failure: Ordering)
                                 -> Result<*mut T, *mut T> {
        unsafe {
            let res = atomic_compare_exchange_weak(self.p.get() as *mut usize,
                                                   current as usize,
                                                   new as usize,
                                                   success,
                                                   failure);
            match res {
                Ok(x) => Ok(x as *mut T),
                Err(x) => Err(x as *mut T),
            }
        }
    }
}

macro_rules! atomic_int {
    ($stable:meta,
     $stable_cxchg:meta,
     $stable_debug:meta,
     $stable_access:meta,
     $int_type:ident $atomic_type:ident $atomic_init:ident) => {
        /// An integer type which can be safely shared between threads.
        ///
        /// This type has the same in-memory representation as the underlying integer type.
        #[$stable]
        pub struct $atomic_type {
            v: UnsafeCell<$int_type>,
        }

        /// An atomic integer initialized to `0`.
        #[$stable]
        pub const $atomic_init: $atomic_type = $atomic_type::new(0);

        #[$stable]
        impl Default for $atomic_type {
            fn default() -> Self {
                Self::new(Default::default())
            }
        }

        #[$stable_debug]
        impl fmt::Debug for $atomic_type {
            fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
                f.debug_tuple(stringify!($atomic_type))
                 .field(&self.load(Ordering::SeqCst))
                 .finish()
            }
        }

        // Send is implicitly implemented.
        #[$stable]
        unsafe impl Sync for $atomic_type {}

        impl $atomic_type {
            /// Creates a new atomic integer.
            ///
            /// # Examples
            ///
            /// ```
            /// use std::sync::atomic::AtomicIsize;
            ///
            /// let atomic_forty_two  = AtomicIsize::new(42);
            /// ```
            #[inline]
            #[$stable]
            pub const fn new(v: $int_type) -> Self {
                $atomic_type {v: UnsafeCell::new(v)}
            }

            /// Returns a mutable reference to the underlying integer.
            ///
            /// This is safe because the mutable reference guarantees that no other threads are
            /// concurrently accessing the atomic data.
            ///
            /// # Examples
            ///
            /// ```
            /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicIsize, Ordering};
            ///
            /// let mut some_isize = AtomicIsize::new(10);
            /// assert_eq!(*some_isize.get_mut(), 10);
            /// *some_isize.get_mut() = 5;
            /// assert_eq!(some_isize.load(Ordering::SeqCst), 5);
            /// ```
            #[inline]
            #[$stable_access]
            pub fn get_mut(&mut self) -> &mut $int_type {
                unsafe { &mut *self.v.get() }
            }

            /// Consumes the atomic and returns the contained value.
            ///
            /// This is safe because passing `self` by value guarantees that no other threads are
            /// concurrently accessing the atomic data.
            ///
            /// # Examples
            ///
            /// ```
            /// use std::sync::atomic::AtomicIsize;
            ///
            /// let some_isize = AtomicIsize::new(5);
            /// assert_eq!(some_isize.into_inner(), 5);
            /// ```
            #[inline]
            #[$stable_access]
            pub fn into_inner(self) -> $int_type {
                unsafe { self.v.into_inner() }
            }

            /// Loads a value from the atomic integer.
            ///
            /// `load` takes an [`Ordering`] argument which describes the memory ordering of this
            /// operation.
            ///
            /// # Panics
            ///
            /// Panics if `order` is [`Release`] or [`AcqRel`].
            ///
            /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
            /// [`Release`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.Release
            /// [`AcqRel`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.AcqRel
            ///
            /// # Examples
            ///
            /// ```
            /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicIsize, Ordering};
            ///
            /// let some_isize = AtomicIsize::new(5);
            ///
            /// assert_eq!(some_isize.load(Ordering::Relaxed), 5);
            /// ```
            #[inline]
            #[$stable]
            pub fn load(&self, order: Ordering) -> $int_type {
                unsafe { atomic_load(self.v.get(), order) }
            }

            /// Stores a value into the atomic integer.
            ///
            /// `store` takes an [`Ordering`] argument which describes the memory ordering of this
            /// operation.
            ///
            /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
            ///
            /// # Examples
            ///
            /// ```
            /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicIsize, Ordering};
            ///
            /// let some_isize = AtomicIsize::new(5);
            ///
            /// some_isize.store(10, Ordering::Relaxed);
            /// assert_eq!(some_isize.load(Ordering::Relaxed), 10);
            /// ```
            ///
            /// # Panics
            ///
            /// Panics if `order` is `Acquire` or `AcqRel`.
            #[inline]
            #[$stable]
            pub fn store(&self, val: $int_type, order: Ordering) {
                unsafe { atomic_store(self.v.get(), val, order); }
            }

            /// Stores a value into the atomic integer, returning the old value.
            ///
            /// `swap` takes an [`Ordering`] argument which describes the memory ordering of this
            /// operation.
            ///<commit_msg>Rollup merge of #40871 - projektir:atomic_links, r=steveklabnik<commit_after>// Copyright 2012-2014 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
// except according to those terms.

//! Atomic types
//!
//! Atomic types provide primitive shared-memory communication between
//! threads, and are the building blocks of other concurrent
//! types.
//!
//! This module defines atomic versions of a select number of primitive
//! types, including [`AtomicBool`], [`AtomicIsize`], and [`AtomicUsize`].
//! Atomic types present operations that, when used correctly, synchronize
//! updates between threads.
//!
//! [`AtomicBool`]: struct.AtomicBool.html
//! [`AtomicIsize`]: struct.AtomicIsize.html
//! [`AtomicUsize`]: struct.AtomicUsize.html
//!
//! Each method takes an [`Ordering`] which represents the strength of
//! the memory barrier for that operation. These orderings are the
//! same as [LLVM atomic orderings][1]. For more information see the [nomicon][2].
//!
//! [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
//!
//! [1]: http://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#memory-model-for-concurrent-operations
//! [2]: ../../../nomicon/atomics.html
//!
//! Atomic variables are safe to share between threads (they implement [`Sync`])
//! but they do not themselves provide the mechanism for sharing and follow the
//! [threading model](../../../std/thread/index.html#the-threading-model) of rust.
//! The most common way to share an atomic variable is to put it into an [`Arc`][arc] (an
//! atomically-reference-counted shared pointer).
//!
//! [`Sync`]: ../../marker/trait.Sync.html
//! [arc]: ../../../std/sync/struct.Arc.html
//!
//! Most atomic types may be stored in static variables, initialized using
//! the provided static initializers like [`ATOMIC_BOOL_INIT`]. Atomic statics
//! are often used for lazy global initialization.
//!
//! [`ATOMIC_BOOL_INIT`]: constant.ATOMIC_BOOL_INIT.html
//!
//! # Examples
//!
//! A simple spinlock:
//!
//! ```
//! use std::sync::Arc;
//! use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering};
//! use std::thread;
//!
//! fn main() {
//!     let spinlock = Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(1));
//!
//!     let spinlock_clone = spinlock.clone();
//!     let thread = thread::spawn(move|| {
//!         spinlock_clone.store(0, Ordering::SeqCst);
//!     });
//!
//!     // Wait for the other thread to release the lock
//!     while spinlock.load(Ordering::SeqCst) != 0 {}
//!
//!     if let Err(panic) = thread.join() {
//!         println!("Thread had an error: {:?}", panic);
//!     }
//! }
//! ```
//!
//! Keep a global count of live threads:
//!
//! ```
//! use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicUsize, Ordering, ATOMIC_USIZE_INIT};
//!
//! static GLOBAL_THREAD_COUNT: AtomicUsize = ATOMIC_USIZE_INIT;
//!
//! let old_thread_count = GLOBAL_THREAD_COUNT.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst);
//! println!("live threads: {}", old_thread_count + 1);
//! ```

#![stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
#![cfg_attr(not(target_has_atomic = "8"), allow(dead_code))]
#![cfg_attr(not(target_has_atomic = "8"), allow(unused_imports))]

use self::Ordering::*;

use intrinsics;
use cell::UnsafeCell;
use fmt;

/// A boolean type which can be safely shared between threads.
///
/// This type has the same in-memory representation as a `bool`.
#[cfg(target_has_atomic = "8")]
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
pub struct AtomicBool {
    v: UnsafeCell<u8>,
}

#[cfg(target_has_atomic = "8")]
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl Default for AtomicBool {
    /// Creates an `AtomicBool` initialized to `false`.
    fn default() -> Self {
        Self::new(false)
    }
}

// Send is implicitly implemented for AtomicBool.
#[cfg(target_has_atomic = "8")]
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
unsafe impl Sync for AtomicBool {}

/// A raw pointer type which can be safely shared between threads.
///
/// This type has the same in-memory representation as a `*mut T`.
#[cfg(target_has_atomic = "ptr")]
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
pub struct AtomicPtr<T> {
    p: UnsafeCell<*mut T>,
}

#[cfg(target_has_atomic = "ptr")]
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
impl<T> Default for AtomicPtr<T> {
    /// Creates a null `AtomicPtr<T>`.
    fn default() -> AtomicPtr<T> {
        AtomicPtr::new(::ptr::null_mut())
    }
}

#[cfg(target_has_atomic = "ptr")]
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
unsafe impl<T> Send for AtomicPtr<T> {}
#[cfg(target_has_atomic = "ptr")]
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
unsafe impl<T> Sync for AtomicPtr<T> {}

/// Atomic memory orderings
///
/// Memory orderings limit the ways that both the compiler and CPU may reorder
/// instructions around atomic operations. At its most restrictive,
/// "sequentially consistent" atomics allow neither reads nor writes
/// to be moved either before or after the atomic operation; on the other end
/// "relaxed" atomics allow all reorderings.
///
/// Rust's memory orderings are [the same as
/// LLVM's](http://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#memory-model-for-concurrent-operations).
///
/// For more information see the [nomicon][1].
/// [1]: ../../../nomicon/atomics.html
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug)]
pub enum Ordering {
    /// No ordering constraints, only atomic operations.
    ///
    /// Corresponds to LLVM's [`Monotonic`] ordering.
    ///
    /// [`Monotonic`]: http://llvm.org/docs/Atomics.html#monotonic
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    Relaxed,
    /// When coupled with a store, all previous writes become visible
    /// to the other threads that perform a load with [`Acquire`] ordering
    /// on the same value.
    ///
    /// [`Acquire`]: http://llvm.org/docs/Atomics.html#acquire
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    Release,
    /// When coupled with a load, all subsequent loads will see data
    /// written before a store with [`Release`] ordering on the same value
    /// in other threads.
    ///
    /// [`Release`]: http://llvm.org/docs/Atomics.html#release
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    Acquire,
    /// When coupled with a load, uses [`Acquire`] ordering, and with a store
    /// [`Release`] ordering.
    ///
    /// [`Acquire`]: http://llvm.org/docs/Atomics.html#acquire
    /// [`Release`]: http://llvm.org/docs/Atomics.html#release
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    AcqRel,
    /// Like `AcqRel` with the additional guarantee that all threads see all
    /// sequentially consistent operations in the same order.
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    SeqCst,
    // Prevent exhaustive matching to allow for future extension
    #[doc(hidden)]
    #[unstable(feature = "future_atomic_orderings", issue = "0")]
    __Nonexhaustive,
}

/// An [`AtomicBool`] initialized to `false`.
///
/// [`AtomicBool`]: struct.AtomicBool.html
#[cfg(target_has_atomic = "8")]
#[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
pub const ATOMIC_BOOL_INIT: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);

#[cfg(target_has_atomic = "8")]
impl AtomicBool {
    /// Creates a new `AtomicBool`.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool;
    ///
    /// let atomic_true  = AtomicBool::new(true);
    /// let atomic_false = AtomicBool::new(false);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub const fn new(v: bool) -> AtomicBool {
        AtomicBool { v: UnsafeCell::new(v as u8) }
    }

    /// Returns a mutable reference to the underlying `bool`.
    ///
    /// This is safe because the mutable reference guarantees that no other threads are
    /// concurrently accessing the atomic data.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let mut some_bool = AtomicBool::new(true);
    /// assert_eq!(*some_bool.get_mut(), true);
    /// *some_bool.get_mut() = false;
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.load(Ordering::SeqCst), false);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "atomic_access", since = "1.15.0")]
    pub fn get_mut(&mut self) -> &mut bool {
        unsafe { &mut *(self.v.get() as *mut bool) }
    }

    /// Consumes the atomic and returns the contained value.
    ///
    /// This is safe because passing `self` by value guarantees that no other threads are
    /// concurrently accessing the atomic data.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool;
    ///
    /// let some_bool = AtomicBool::new(true);
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.into_inner(), true);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "atomic_access", since = "1.15.0")]
    pub fn into_inner(self) -> bool {
        unsafe { self.v.into_inner() != 0 }
    }

    /// Loads a value from the bool.
    ///
    /// `load` takes an [`Ordering`] argument which describes the memory ordering
    /// of this operation.
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if `order` is [`Release`] or [`AcqRel`].
    ///
    /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
    /// [`Release`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.Release
    /// [`AcqRel`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.AcqRel
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let some_bool = AtomicBool::new(true);
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.load(Ordering::Relaxed), true);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn load(&self, order: Ordering) -> bool {
        unsafe { atomic_load(self.v.get(), order) != 0 }
    }

    /// Stores a value into the bool.
    ///
    /// `store` takes an [`Ordering`] argument which describes the memory ordering
    /// of this operation.
    ///
    /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let some_bool = AtomicBool::new(true);
    ///
    /// some_bool.store(false, Ordering::Relaxed);
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.load(Ordering::Relaxed), false);
    /// ```
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if `order` is [`Acquire`] or [`AcqRel`].
    ///
    /// [`Acquire`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.Acquire
    /// [`AcqRel`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.AcqRel
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn store(&self, val: bool, order: Ordering) {
        unsafe {
            atomic_store(self.v.get(), val as u8, order);
        }
    }

    /// Stores a value into the bool, returning the old value.
    ///
    /// `swap` takes an [`Ordering`] argument which describes the memory ordering
    /// of this operation.
    ///
    /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let some_bool = AtomicBool::new(true);
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.swap(false, Ordering::Relaxed), true);
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.load(Ordering::Relaxed), false);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn swap(&self, val: bool, order: Ordering) -> bool {
        unsafe { atomic_swap(self.v.get(), val as u8, order) != 0 }
    }

    /// Stores a value into the `bool` if the current value is the same as the `current` value.
    ///
    /// The return value is always the previous value. If it is equal to `current`, then the value
    /// was updated.
    ///
    /// `compare_and_swap` also takes an [`Ordering`] argument which describes the memory
    /// ordering of this operation.
    ///
    /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let some_bool = AtomicBool::new(true);
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.compare_and_swap(true, false, Ordering::Relaxed), true);
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.load(Ordering::Relaxed), false);
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.compare_and_swap(true, true, Ordering::Relaxed), false);
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.load(Ordering::Relaxed), false);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn compare_and_swap(&self, current: bool, new: bool, order: Ordering) -> bool {
        match self.compare_exchange(current, new, order, strongest_failure_ordering(order)) {
            Ok(x) => x,
            Err(x) => x,
        }
    }

    /// Stores a value into the `bool` if the current value is the same as the `current` value.
    ///
    /// The return value is a result indicating whether the new value was written and containing
    /// the previous value. On success this value is guaranteed to be equal to `current`.
    ///
    /// `compare_exchange` takes two [`Ordering`] arguments to describe the memory
    /// ordering of this operation. The first describes the required ordering if the
    /// operation succeeds while the second describes the required ordering when the
    /// operation fails. The failure ordering can't be [`Release`] or [`AcqRel`] and must
    /// be equivalent or weaker than the success ordering.
    ///
    /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
    /// [`Release`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.Release
    /// [`AcqRel`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.Release
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let some_bool = AtomicBool::new(true);
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.compare_exchange(true,
    ///                                       false,
    ///                                       Ordering::Acquire,
    ///                                       Ordering::Relaxed),
    ///            Ok(true));
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.load(Ordering::Relaxed), false);
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.compare_exchange(true, true,
    ///                                       Ordering::SeqCst,
    ///                                       Ordering::Acquire),
    ///            Err(false));
    /// assert_eq!(some_bool.load(Ordering::Relaxed), false);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "extended_compare_and_swap", since = "1.10.0")]
    pub fn compare_exchange(&self,
                            current: bool,
                            new: bool,
                            success: Ordering,
                            failure: Ordering)
                            -> Result<bool, bool> {
        match unsafe {
            atomic_compare_exchange(self.v.get(), current as u8, new as u8, success, failure)
        } {
            Ok(x) => Ok(x != 0),
            Err(x) => Err(x != 0),
        }
    }

    /// Stores a value into the `bool` if the current value is the same as the `current` value.
    ///
    /// Unlike [`compare_exchange`], this function is allowed to spuriously fail even when the
    /// comparison succeeds, which can result in more efficient code on some platforms. The
    /// return value is a result indicating whether the new value was written and containing the
    /// previous value.
    ///
    /// `compare_exchange_weak` takes two [`Ordering`] arguments to describe the memory
    /// ordering of this operation. The first describes the required ordering if the operation
    /// succeeds while the second describes the required ordering when the operation fails. The
    /// failure ordering can't be [`Release`] or [`AcqRel`] and must be equivalent or
    /// weaker than the success ordering.
    ///
    /// [`compare_exchange`]: #method.compare_exchange
    /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
    /// [`Release`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.Release
    /// [`AcqRel`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.Release
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let val = AtomicBool::new(false);
    ///
    /// let new = true;
    /// let mut old = val.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
    /// loop {
    ///     match val.compare_exchange_weak(old, new, Ordering::SeqCst, Ordering::Relaxed) {
    ///         Ok(_) => break,
    ///         Err(x) => old = x,
    ///     }
    /// }
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "extended_compare_and_swap", since = "1.10.0")]
    pub fn compare_exchange_weak(&self,
                                 current: bool,
                                 new: bool,
                                 success: Ordering,
                                 failure: Ordering)
                                 -> Result<bool, bool> {
        match unsafe {
            atomic_compare_exchange_weak(self.v.get(), current as u8, new as u8, success, failure)
        } {
            Ok(x) => Ok(x != 0),
            Err(x) => Err(x != 0),
        }
    }

    /// Logical "and" with a boolean value.
    ///
    /// Performs a logical "and" operation on the current value and the argument `val`, and sets
    /// the new value to the result.
    ///
    /// Returns the previous value.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let foo = AtomicBool::new(true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.fetch_and(false, Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst), false);
    ///
    /// let foo = AtomicBool::new(true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.fetch_and(true, Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    ///
    /// let foo = AtomicBool::new(false);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.fetch_and(false, Ordering::SeqCst), false);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst), false);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn fetch_and(&self, val: bool, order: Ordering) -> bool {
        unsafe { atomic_and(self.v.get(), val as u8, order) != 0 }
    }

    /// Logical "nand" with a boolean value.
    ///
    /// Performs a logical "nand" operation on the current value and the argument `val`, and sets
    /// the new value to the result.
    ///
    /// Returns the previous value.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let foo = AtomicBool::new(true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.fetch_nand(false, Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    ///
    /// let foo = AtomicBool::new(true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.fetch_nand(true, Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst) as usize, 0);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst), false);
    ///
    /// let foo = AtomicBool::new(false);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.fetch_nand(false, Ordering::SeqCst), false);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn fetch_nand(&self, val: bool, order: Ordering) -> bool {
        // We can't use atomic_nand here because it can result in a bool with
        // an invalid value. This happens because the atomic operation is done
        // with an 8-bit integer internally, which would set the upper 7 bits.
        // So we just use a compare-exchange loop instead, which is what the
        // intrinsic actually expands to anyways on many platforms.
        let mut old = self.load(Relaxed);
        loop {
            let new = !(old && val);
            match self.compare_exchange_weak(old, new, order, Relaxed) {
                Ok(_) => break,
                Err(x) => old = x,
            }
        }
        old
    }

    /// Logical "or" with a boolean value.
    ///
    /// Performs a logical "or" operation on the current value and the argument `val`, and sets the
    /// new value to the result.
    ///
    /// Returns the previous value.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let foo = AtomicBool::new(true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.fetch_or(false, Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    ///
    /// let foo = AtomicBool::new(true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.fetch_or(true, Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    ///
    /// let foo = AtomicBool::new(false);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.fetch_or(false, Ordering::SeqCst), false);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst), false);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn fetch_or(&self, val: bool, order: Ordering) -> bool {
        unsafe { atomic_or(self.v.get(), val as u8, order) != 0 }
    }

    /// Logical "xor" with a boolean value.
    ///
    /// Performs a logical "xor" operation on the current value and the argument `val`, and sets
    /// the new value to the result.
    ///
    /// Returns the previous value.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let foo = AtomicBool::new(true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.fetch_xor(false, Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    ///
    /// let foo = AtomicBool::new(true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.fetch_xor(true, Ordering::SeqCst), true);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst), false);
    ///
    /// let foo = AtomicBool::new(false);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.fetch_xor(false, Ordering::SeqCst), false);
    /// assert_eq!(foo.load(Ordering::SeqCst), false);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn fetch_xor(&self, val: bool, order: Ordering) -> bool {
        unsafe { atomic_xor(self.v.get(), val as u8, order) != 0 }
    }
}

#[cfg(target_has_atomic = "ptr")]
impl<T> AtomicPtr<T> {
    /// Creates a new `AtomicPtr`.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::AtomicPtr;
    ///
    /// let ptr = &mut 5;
    /// let atomic_ptr  = AtomicPtr::new(ptr);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub const fn new(p: *mut T) -> AtomicPtr<T> {
        AtomicPtr { p: UnsafeCell::new(p) }
    }

    /// Returns a mutable reference to the underlying pointer.
    ///
    /// This is safe because the mutable reference guarantees that no other threads are
    /// concurrently accessing the atomic data.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicPtr, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let mut atomic_ptr = AtomicPtr::new(&mut 10);
    /// *atomic_ptr.get_mut() = &mut 5;
    /// assert_eq!(unsafe { *atomic_ptr.load(Ordering::SeqCst) }, 5);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "atomic_access", since = "1.15.0")]
    pub fn get_mut(&mut self) -> &mut *mut T {
        unsafe { &mut *self.p.get() }
    }

    /// Consumes the atomic and returns the contained value.
    ///
    /// This is safe because passing `self` by value guarantees that no other threads are
    /// concurrently accessing the atomic data.
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::AtomicPtr;
    ///
    /// let atomic_ptr = AtomicPtr::new(&mut 5);
    /// assert_eq!(unsafe { *atomic_ptr.into_inner() }, 5);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "atomic_access", since = "1.15.0")]
    pub fn into_inner(self) -> *mut T {
        unsafe { self.p.into_inner() }
    }

    /// Loads a value from the pointer.
    ///
    /// `load` takes an [`Ordering`] argument which describes the memory ordering
    /// of this operation.
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if `order` is [`Release`] or [`AcqRel`].
    ///
    /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
    /// [`Release`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.Release
    /// [`AcqRel`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.AcqRel
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicPtr, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let ptr = &mut 5;
    /// let some_ptr  = AtomicPtr::new(ptr);
    ///
    /// let value = some_ptr.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn load(&self, order: Ordering) -> *mut T {
        unsafe { atomic_load(self.p.get() as *mut usize, order) as *mut T }
    }

    /// Stores a value into the pointer.
    ///
    /// `store` takes an [`Ordering`] argument which describes the memory ordering
    /// of this operation.
    ///
    /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicPtr, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let ptr = &mut 5;
    /// let some_ptr  = AtomicPtr::new(ptr);
    ///
    /// let other_ptr = &mut 10;
    ///
    /// some_ptr.store(other_ptr, Ordering::Relaxed);
    /// ```
    ///
    /// # Panics
    ///
    /// Panics if `order` is [`Acquire`] or [`AcqRel`].
    ///
    /// [`Acquire`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.Acquire
    /// [`AcqRel`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.AcqRel
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn store(&self, ptr: *mut T, order: Ordering) {
        unsafe {
            atomic_store(self.p.get() as *mut usize, ptr as usize, order);
        }
    }

    /// Stores a value into the pointer, returning the old value.
    ///
    /// `swap` takes an [`Ordering`] argument which describes the memory ordering
    /// of this operation.
    ///
    /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicPtr, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let ptr = &mut 5;
    /// let some_ptr  = AtomicPtr::new(ptr);
    ///
    /// let other_ptr = &mut 10;
    ///
    /// let value = some_ptr.swap(other_ptr, Ordering::Relaxed);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn swap(&self, ptr: *mut T, order: Ordering) -> *mut T {
        unsafe { atomic_swap(self.p.get() as *mut usize, ptr as usize, order) as *mut T }
    }

    /// Stores a value into the pointer if the current value is the same as the `current` value.
    ///
    /// The return value is always the previous value. If it is equal to `current`, then the value
    /// was updated.
    ///
    /// `compare_and_swap` also takes an [`Ordering`] argument which describes the memory
    /// ordering of this operation.
    ///
    /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicPtr, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let ptr = &mut 5;
    /// let some_ptr  = AtomicPtr::new(ptr);
    ///
    /// let other_ptr   = &mut 10;
    /// let another_ptr = &mut 10;
    ///
    /// let value = some_ptr.compare_and_swap(other_ptr, another_ptr, Ordering::Relaxed);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
    pub fn compare_and_swap(&self, current: *mut T, new: *mut T, order: Ordering) -> *mut T {
        match self.compare_exchange(current, new, order, strongest_failure_ordering(order)) {
            Ok(x) => x,
            Err(x) => x,
        }
    }

    /// Stores a value into the pointer if the current value is the same as the `current` value.
    ///
    /// The return value is a result indicating whether the new value was written and containing
    /// the previous value. On success this value is guaranteed to be equal to `current`.
    ///
    /// `compare_exchange` takes two [`Ordering`] arguments to describe the memory
    /// ordering of this operation. The first describes the required ordering if
    /// the operation succeeds while the second describes the required ordering when
    /// the operation fails. The failure ordering can't be [`Release`] or [`AcqRel`]
    /// and must be equivalent or weaker than the success ordering.
    ///
    /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
    /// [`Release`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.Release
    /// [`AcqRel`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.AcqRel
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicPtr, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let ptr = &mut 5;
    /// let some_ptr  = AtomicPtr::new(ptr);
    ///
    /// let other_ptr   = &mut 10;
    /// let another_ptr = &mut 10;
    ///
    /// let value = some_ptr.compare_exchange(other_ptr, another_ptr,
    ///                                       Ordering::SeqCst, Ordering::Relaxed);
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "extended_compare_and_swap", since = "1.10.0")]
    pub fn compare_exchange(&self,
                            current: *mut T,
                            new: *mut T,
                            success: Ordering,
                            failure: Ordering)
                            -> Result<*mut T, *mut T> {
        unsafe {
            let res = atomic_compare_exchange(self.p.get() as *mut usize,
                                              current as usize,
                                              new as usize,
                                              success,
                                              failure);
            match res {
                Ok(x) => Ok(x as *mut T),
                Err(x) => Err(x as *mut T),
            }
        }
    }

    /// Stores a value into the pointer if the current value is the same as the `current` value.
    ///
    /// Unlike [`compare_exchange`], this function is allowed to spuriously fail even when the
    /// comparison succeeds, which can result in more efficient code on some platforms. The
    /// return value is a result indicating whether the new value was written and containing the
    /// previous value.
    ///
    /// `compare_exchange_weak` takes two [`Ordering`] arguments to describe the memory
    /// ordering of this operation. The first describes the required ordering if the operation
    /// succeeds while the second describes the required ordering when the operation fails. The
    /// failure ordering can't be [`Release`] or [`AcqRel`] and must be equivalent or
    /// weaker than the success ordering.
    ///
    /// [`compare_exchange`]: #method.compare_exchange
    /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
    /// [`Release`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.Release
    /// [`AcqRel`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.AcqRel
    ///
    /// # Examples
    ///
    /// ```
    /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicPtr, Ordering};
    ///
    /// let some_ptr = AtomicPtr::new(&mut 5);
    ///
    /// let new = &mut 10;
    /// let mut old = some_ptr.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
    /// loop {
    ///     match some_ptr.compare_exchange_weak(old, new, Ordering::SeqCst, Ordering::Relaxed) {
    ///         Ok(_) => break,
    ///         Err(x) => old = x,
    ///     }
    /// }
    /// ```
    #[inline]
    #[stable(feature = "extended_compare_and_swap", since = "1.10.0")]
    pub fn compare_exchange_weak(&self,
                                 current: *mut T,
                                 new: *mut T,
                                 success: Ordering,
                                 failure: Ordering)
                                 -> Result<*mut T, *mut T> {
        unsafe {
            let res = atomic_compare_exchange_weak(self.p.get() as *mut usize,
                                                   current as usize,
                                                   new as usize,
                                                   success,
                                                   failure);
            match res {
                Ok(x) => Ok(x as *mut T),
                Err(x) => Err(x as *mut T),
            }
        }
    }
}

macro_rules! atomic_int {
    ($stable:meta,
     $stable_cxchg:meta,
     $stable_debug:meta,
     $stable_access:meta,
     $int_type:ident $atomic_type:ident $atomic_init:ident) => {
        /// An integer type which can be safely shared between threads.
        ///
        /// This type has the same in-memory representation as the underlying integer type.
        #[$stable]
        pub struct $atomic_type {
            v: UnsafeCell<$int_type>,
        }

        /// An atomic integer initialized to `0`.
        #[$stable]
        pub const $atomic_init: $atomic_type = $atomic_type::new(0);

        #[$stable]
        impl Default for $atomic_type {
            fn default() -> Self {
                Self::new(Default::default())
            }
        }

        #[$stable_debug]
        impl fmt::Debug for $atomic_type {
            fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
                f.debug_tuple(stringify!($atomic_type))
                 .field(&self.load(Ordering::SeqCst))
                 .finish()
            }
        }

        // Send is implicitly implemented.
        #[$stable]
        unsafe impl Sync for $atomic_type {}

        impl $atomic_type {
            /// Creates a new atomic integer.
            ///
            /// # Examples
            ///
            /// ```
            /// use std::sync::atomic::AtomicIsize;
            ///
            /// let atomic_forty_two  = AtomicIsize::new(42);
            /// ```
            #[inline]
            #[$stable]
            pub const fn new(v: $int_type) -> Self {
                $atomic_type {v: UnsafeCell::new(v)}
            }

            /// Returns a mutable reference to the underlying integer.
            ///
            /// This is safe because the mutable reference guarantees that no other threads are
            /// concurrently accessing the atomic data.
            ///
            /// # Examples
            ///
            /// ```
            /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicIsize, Ordering};
            ///
            /// let mut some_isize = AtomicIsize::new(10);
            /// assert_eq!(*some_isize.get_mut(), 10);
            /// *some_isize.get_mut() = 5;
            /// assert_eq!(some_isize.load(Ordering::SeqCst), 5);
            /// ```
            #[inline]
            #[$stable_access]
            pub fn get_mut(&mut self) -> &mut $int_type {
                unsafe { &mut *self.v.get() }
            }

            /// Consumes the atomic and returns the contained value.
            ///
            /// This is safe because passing `self` by value guarantees that no other threads are
            /// concurrently accessing the atomic data.
            ///
            /// # Examples
            ///
            /// ```
            /// use std::sync::atomic::AtomicIsize;
            ///
            /// let some_isize = AtomicIsize::new(5);
            /// assert_eq!(some_isize.into_inner(), 5);
            /// ```
            #[inline]
            #[$stable_access]
            pub fn into_inner(self) -> $int_type {
                unsafe { self.v.into_inner() }
            }

            /// Loads a value from the atomic integer.
            ///
            /// `load` takes an [`Ordering`] argument which describes the memory ordering of this
            /// operation.
            ///
            /// # Panics
            ///
            /// Panics if `order` is [`Release`] or [`AcqRel`].
            ///
            /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
            /// [`Release`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.Release
            /// [`AcqRel`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.AcqRel
            ///
            /// # Examples
            ///
            /// ```
            /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicIsize, Ordering};
            ///
            /// let some_isize = AtomicIsize::new(5);
            ///
            /// assert_eq!(some_isize.load(Ordering::Relaxed), 5);
            /// ```
            #[inline]
            #[$stable]
            pub fn load(&self, order: Ordering) -> $int_type {
                unsafe { atomic_load(self.v.get(), order) }
            }

            /// Stores a value into the atomic integer.
            ///
            /// `store` takes an [`Ordering`] argument which describes the memory ordering of this
            /// operation.
            ///
            /// [`Ordering`]: enum.Ordering.html
            ///
            /// # Examples
            ///
            /// ```
            /// use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicIsize, Ordering};
            ///
            /// let some_isize = AtomicIsize::new(5);
            ///
            /// some_isize.store(10, Ordering::Relaxed);
            /// assert_eq!(some_isize.load(Ordering::Relaxed), 10);
            /// ```
            ///
            /// # Panics
            ///
            /// Panics if `order` is [`Acquire`] or [`AcqRel`].
            ///
            /// [`Acquire`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.Acquire
            /// [`AcqRel`]: enum.Ordering.html#variant.AcqRel
            #[inline]
            #[$stable]
            pub fn store(&self, val: $int_type, order: Ordering) {
                unsafe { atomic_store(self.v.get(), val, order); }
            }

            /// Stores a value into the atomic integer, returning the old value.
            ///
            /// `swap` takes an [`Ordering`] argument which describes the memory ordering of this
            /// operation.
            ///
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