<commit_before>NOTE: ksymoops is useless on 2.6.  Please use the Oops in its original format
(from dmesg, etc).  Ignore any references in this or other docs to "decoding
the Oops" or "running it through ksymoops".  If you post an Oops from 2.6 that
has been run through ksymoops, people will just tell you to repost it.

Quick Summary
-------------

Find the Oops and send it to the maintainer of the kernel area that seems to be
involved with the problem.  Don't worry too much about getting the wrong person.
If you are unsure send it to the person responsible for the code relevant to
what you were doing.  If it occurs repeatably try and describe how to recreate
it.  That's worth even more than the oops.

If you are totally stumped as to whom to send the report, send it to 
<EMAIL>. Thanks for your help in making Linux as
stable as humanly possible.

Where is the Oops?
----------------------

Normally the Oops text is read from the kernel buffers by klogd and
handed to syslogd which writes it to a syslog file, typically
/var/log/messages (depends on /etc/syslog.conf).  Sometimes klogd dies,
in which case you can run dmesg > file to read the data from the kernel
buffers and save it.  Or you can cat /proc/kmsg > file, however you
have to break in to stop the transfer, kmsg is a "never ending file".
If the machine has crashed so badly that you cannot enter commands or
the disk is not available then you have three options :-

(1) Hand copy the text from the screen and type it in after the machine
    has restarted.  Messy but it is the only option if you have not
    planned for a crash. Alternatively, you can take a picture of
    the screen with a digital camera - not nice, but better than
    nothing.  If the messages scroll off the top of the console, you
    may find that booting with a higher resolution (eg, vga=791)
    will allow you to read more of the text. (Caveat: This needs vesafb,
    so won't help for 'early' oopses)

(2) Boot with a serial console (see Documentation/serial-console.txt),
    run a null modem to a second machine and capture the output there
    using your favourite communication program.  Minicom works well.

(3) Patch the kernel with one of the crash dump patches.  These save
    data to a floppy disk or video rom or a swap partition.  None of
    these are standard kernel patches so you have to find and apply
    them yourself.  Search kernel archives for kmsgdump, lkcd and
    oops+smram.


Full Information
----------------

NOTE: the message from Linus below applies to 2.4 kernel.  I have preserved it
for historical reasons, and because some of the information in it still
applies.  Especially, please ignore any references to ksymoops. 

From: <NAME> <<EMAIL>>

How to track down an Oops.. [originally a mail to linux-kernel]

The main trick is having 5 years of experience with those pesky oops 
messages ;-)

Actually, there are things you can do that make this easier. I have two 
separate approaches:

	gdb /usr/src/linux/vmlinux<commit_msg>[PATCH] doc: refer to kdump in oops-tracing.txt<commit_after>NOTE: ksymoops is useless on 2.6.  Please use the Oops in its original format
(from dmesg, etc).  Ignore any references in this or other docs to "decoding
the Oops" or "running it through ksymoops".  If you post an Oops from 2.6 that
has been run through ksymoops, people will just tell you to repost it.

Quick Summary
-------------

Find the Oops and send it to the maintainer of the kernel area that seems to be
involved with the problem.  Don't worry too much about getting the wrong person.
If you are unsure send it to the person responsible for the code relevant to
what you were doing.  If it occurs repeatably try and describe how to recreate
it.  That's worth even more than the oops.

If you are totally stumped as to whom to send the report, send it to 
<EMAIL>. Thanks for your help in making Linux as
stable as humanly possible.

Where is the Oops?
----------------------

Normally the Oops text is read from the kernel buffers by klogd and
handed to syslogd which writes it to a syslog file, typically
/var/log/messages (depends on /etc/syslog.conf).  Sometimes klogd dies,
in which case you can run dmesg > file to read the data from the kernel
buffers and save it.  Or you can cat /proc/kmsg > file, however you
have to break in to stop the transfer, kmsg is a "never ending file".
If the machine has crashed so badly that you cannot enter commands or
the disk is not available then you have three options :-

(1) Hand copy the text from the screen and type it in after the machine
    has restarted.  Messy but it is the only option if you have not
    planned for a crash. Alternatively, you can take a picture of
    the screen with a digital camera - not nice, but better than
    nothing.  If the messages scroll off the top of the console, you
    may find that booting with a higher resolution (eg, vga=791)
    will allow you to read more of the text. (Caveat: This needs vesafb,
    so won't help for 'early' oopses)

(2) Boot with a serial console (see Documentation/serial-console.txt),
    run a null modem to a second machine and capture the output there
    using your favourite communication program.  Minicom works well.

(3) Use Kdump (see Documentation/kdump/kdump.txt),
    extract the kernel ring buffer from old memory with using dmesg
    gdbmacro in Documentation/kdump/gdbmacros.txt.


Full Information
----------------

NOTE: the message from Linus below applies to 2.4 kernel.  I have preserved it
for historical reasons, and because some of the information in it still
applies.  Especially, please ignore any references to ksymoops. 

From: <NAME> <<EMAIL>>

How to track down an Oops.. [originally a mail to linux-kernel]

The main trick is having 5 years of experience with those pesky oops 
messages ;-)

Actually, there are things you can do that make this easier. I have two 
separate approaches:

	gdb /usr/src/linux/vmlinux
{'fraction_non_alphanumeric': 0.05962378233120591, 'fraction_numerical': 0.004366812227074236, 'mean_word_length': 3.3372177713037146, 'pattern_counts': {'":': 0, '<': 11, '<?xml version=': 0, '>': 15, 'https://': 0, 'lorem ipsum': 0, 'www.': 0, 'xml': 0}, 'pii_count': 0, 'substrings_counts': 0, 'word_list_counts': {'cursed_substrings.json': 0, 'profanity_word_list.json': 0, 'sexual_word_list.json': 0, 'zh_pornsignals.json': 0}}
{'dir': 'git-commits-cleaned', 'id': '5083597', 'n_tokens_mistral': 1675, 'n_tokens_neox': 1617, 'n_words': 981}