<commit_before>## Definitions and Nomenclature

> :construction: Please add liberally to this section as terms are introduced in the spec

### Definition of Key Terms

The words "must", "must not", "required", "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "recommended", "may", and "optional" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 <sup>[[3](References.md#user-content-ref3)]</sup>.

>:information_source: All the terms below are hyperlinked to a key source for the definition or to a reference where more information is available.

| Term | Definition |
|-----:|:-----------|
| [**data point**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_point) | A measurement of identified data along with any associated state, e.g., time of measurement and quality of measured data. |
| [**data structure**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_structure) | An organized set of primitive data types where each element has a meaningful name. |
| **frame** | A data-structure composed of primitive data types that has been serialized into a discrete binary package. |
| [**endianess**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endianness) | The hardware prescribed ordinal direction of the bits used to represent a numerical value in computer memory; usually noted as either _big_ or _little_. |
| [**endpoint**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communication_endpoint) | A combination of an IP address and port number that represents a unique identification for establishing communications on an IP network. Endpoints are used by a socket, from within a programming language, to establish inter-device network communications. <br/> Also called _communications endpoint_. |
| [**Ethernet**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet) | Frame based data transmission technology used in local area networks. |
| [**fragmentation**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_fragmentation) | Network fragmentation is the process that breaks frames into smaller fragments, called packets, that can pass over a network according to an MTU size limit. Fragments are reassembled by the receiver. |
| ** IP address** | An unsigned integer, either 32-bits for version 4 addresses or 128-bits for version 6 address, used to uniquely identify all devices connected to a computer network using Internet Protocol. The address combined with a port number creates an endpoint that is used by a socket to establish a communications channel on the host system. |
| **measurement** | |
| [**packet**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_packet) | A block of data carried by a network whose size is dictated by the MTU. <br/> Also called _network packet_. |
| [**phasor**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phasor) | A complex equivalent of a simple cosine wave quantity such that the complex modulus is the cosine wave amplitude and the complex angle (in polar form) is the cosine wave phase angle. |
| [**port**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_%28computer_networking%29) | A 16-bit unsigned integer that, along with an IP address, represents a unique endpoint of network communications on a host system. The construct for using an endpoint, along with its port, is handled with the establishment of a socket from within a programming language. <br/> Also called _network port_. |
| [**primitive type**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primitive_data_type) | A specific type of data provided by a programming language referenced by a keyword that represents the most basic unit of data storage - examples can include integer, float and boolean values. <br/> Also called _primitive data type_. |
| [**publish/subscribe**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publish%E2%80%93subscribe_pattern) | A messaging pattern where senders of messages, called publishers, do not program the messages to be sent directly to specific receivers, called subscribers, but instead characterize published messages into classes without knowledge of which subscribers, if any, there may be. |
| [**null**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Null_pointer) | A value reserved for indicating that a reference, e.g., a pointer, is not initialized and does not refer to a valid object. |
| [**serialization**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serialization) | Process of transforming data structures into a format that is suitable for storage or transmission over a network. |
| **signal** | |
| [**socket**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_socket) | A network communications mechanism, created as a programming language construct, used for sending and/or receiving data at a single destination within a computer network that is established on the hosting system as unique local resource identified by a number called a _port_. <br/> Also called _network socket_. |
| [**synchrophasor**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phasor_measurement_unit) | A phasor calculated from data samples using a standard time signal as the reference for the measurement. Synchronized phasors from remote sites have a defined common phase relationship. |
| [**time series**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_series) | A series of data points indexed in time order, most commonly measured as a sequence taken at successive equally spaced points in time. |

### Acronyms

| Term | Definition |
|-----:|:-----------|
| **API** | [Application Program Interface](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_programming_interface) |
| **BES** | [Bulk Electric System](http://www.nerc.com/pa/RAPA/Pages/BES.aspx) |
| **DOE** | [United States Department of Energy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Energy) |
| **DDS** | [Data Distribution Service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Distribution_Service) |
| **GEP** | [Gateway Exchange Protocol](http://gridprotectionalliance.org/docs/products/gsf/gep-overview.pdf) |
| **GPA** | [Grid Protection Alliance, Inc.](https://www.gridprotectionalliance.org/) |
| **GPS** | [Global Positioning System](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Positioning_System) |
| **GUID** | [Globally Unique Identifer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universally_unique_identifier) |
| **ICCP** | [Inter-Control Center Communications Protocol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEC_60870-6) |
| **IP** | [Internet Protocol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol) |
| **ISO** | [Independent System Operator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regional_transmission_organization_(North_America) |
| **MTU** | [Maximum Transmission Unit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_transmission_unit) |
| **NaN** | [Not a Number](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NaN) |
| **PDC** | [Phasor Data Concentrator](http://en.openei.org/wiki/Definition:Phasor_Data_Concentrator_%28PDC%29) |
| **PMU** | [Phasor Measurement Unit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phasor_measurement_unit) |
| **STTP** | [Streaming Telemetry Transport Protocol](https://github.com/sttp/) |<commit_msg>Added better inter-definition clarity for endpoint, IP Address, IP transport protocol, port and socket<commit_after>## Definitions and Nomenclature

> :construction: Please add liberally to this section as terms are introduced in the spec

### Definition of Key Terms

The words "must", "must not", "required", "shall", "shall not", "should", "should not", "recommended", "may", and "optional" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 <sup>[[3](References.md#user-content-ref3)]</sup>.

>:information_source: All the terms below are hyperlinked to a key source for the definition or to a reference where more information is available.

| Term | Definition |
|-----:|:-----------|
| [**data point**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_point) | A measurement of identified data along with any associated state, e.g., time of measurement and quality of measured data. |
| [**data structure**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_structure) | An organized set of primitive data types where each element has a meaningful name. |
| **frame** | A data-structure composed of primitive data types that has been serialized into a discrete binary package. |
| [**endianess**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endianness) | The hardware prescribed ordinal direction of the bits used to represent a numerical value in computer memory; usually noted as either _big_ or _little_. |
| [**endpoint**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communication_endpoint) | A combination of an IP address and port number that represents a unique identification for establishing communications on an IP network. Endpoints, along with an IP transport protocol, are used by a socket to establish inter-device network communications. <br/> Also called _communications endpoint_. |
| [**Ethernet**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet) | Frame based data transmission technology used in local area networks. |
| [**fragmentation**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_fragmentation) | Network fragmentation is the process that breaks frames into smaller fragments, called packets, that can pass over a network according to an MTU size limit. Fragments are reassembled by the receiver. |
| [** IP address**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IP_address) | An unsigned integer, either 32-bits for version 4 addresses or 128-bits for version 6 address, used to uniquely identify all devices connected to a computer network using Internet Protocol. The address combined with a port number creates an endpoint that is used by a socket to establish a communications channel on the host system. |
| [**IP transport protocol**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport_layer) | An established set of governing principals that define the rules and behaviors for the transmission of data between two entities when using Internet Protocol. The most commonly used IP transport protocols are TCP and UDP. |
| **measurement** |  |
| [**packet**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_packet) | A block of data carried by a network whose size is dictated by the MTU. <br/> Also called _network packet_. |
| [**phasor**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phasor) | A complex equivalent of a simple cosine wave quantity such that the complex modulus is the cosine wave amplitude and the complex angle (in polar form) is the cosine wave phase angle. |
| [**port**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_%28computer_networking%29) | A 16-bit unsigned integer that, along with an IP address, represents a unique endpoint for establishing communications on an IP network. A port and associated IP address, i.e., an endpoint, and a IP transport protocol is used by a socket to establish a unique communications channel. <br/> Also called _network port_. |
| [**primitive type**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primitive_data_type) | A specific type of data provided by a programming language referenced by a keyword that represents the most basic unit of data storage - examples can include integer, float and boolean values. <br/> Also called _primitive data type_. |
| [**publish/subscribe**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Publish%E2%80%93subscribe_pattern) | A messaging pattern where senders of messages, called publishers, do not program the messages to be sent directly to specific receivers, called subscribers, but instead characterize published messages into classes without knowledge of which subscribers, if any, there may be. |
| [**null**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Null_pointer) | A value reserved for indicating that a reference, e.g., a pointer, is not initialized and does not refer to a valid object. |
| [**serialization**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serialization) | Process of transforming data structures into a format that is suitable for storage or transmission over a network. |
| **signal** | |
| [**socket**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_socket) | A network communications mechanism, created as a programming language construct, used for sending and/or receiving data at a single destination within an IP network that is established with a unique device address and local system port number, i.e., an endpoint, and an IP transport protocol. <br/> Also called _network socket_. |
| [**synchrophasor**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phasor_measurement_unit) | A phasor calculated from data samples using a standard time signal as the reference for the measurement. Synchronized phasors from remote sites have a defined common phase relationship. |
| [**time series**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_series) | A series of data points indexed in time order, most commonly measured as a sequence taken at successive equally spaced points in time. |

### Acronyms

| Term | Definition |
|-----:|:-----------|
| **API** | [Application Program Interface](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Application_programming_interface) |
| **BES** | [Bulk Electric System](http://www.nerc.com/pa/RAPA/Pages/BES.aspx) |
| **DOE** | [United States Department of Energy](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Energy) |
| **DDS** | [Data Distribution Service](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_Distribution_Service) |
| **GEP** | [Gateway Exchange Protocol](http://gridprotectionalliance.org/docs/products/gsf/gep-overview.pdf) |
| **GPA** | [Grid Protection Alliance, Inc.](https://www.gridprotectionalliance.org/) |
| **GPS** | [Global Positioning System](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Positioning_System) |
| **GUID** | [Globally Unique Identifer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universally_unique_identifier) |
| **ICCP** | [Inter-Control Center Communications Protocol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEC_60870-6) |
| **IP** | [Internet Protocol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol) |
| **ISO** | [Independent System Operator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regional_transmission_organization_(North_America) |
| **MTU** | [Maximum Transmission Unit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_transmission_unit) |
| **NaN** | [Not a Number](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NaN) |
| **PDC** | [Phasor Data Concentrator](http://en.openei.org/wiki/Definition:Phasor_Data_Concentrator_%28PDC%29) |
| **PMU** | [Phasor Measurement Unit](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phasor_measurement_unit) |
| **STTP** | [Streaming Telemetry Transport Protocol](https://github.com/sttp/) |
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