<commit_before>---
title: "Resource Playlist - Study Tips"
date: 2020-02-11 01:01:01 +0000
category: Resource Playlists
authors: 
    - royson-lin
author: royson-lin
---

Are you excited to be in a fun and interesting class? Trying your best to learn and understand material you need to know later? Or do you just want to do well on your exams? Whatever your learning goals are, here is a playlist of some study tips backed by cognitive science that are endorsed by WI+RE. Use them to your full advantage!

<div class="card-deck mt-3">
    <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
            <h5 class="card-title">Space It Out</h5>
	    <p class="card-text">Hundreds of studies have shown that spacing, or spreading out study sessions with gaps in between, is far better for remembering the studied material than massing, or cramming as it is more commonly known. This is known as the <i>spacing effect</i>.</p>
		<figure class="figure border border-primary shadow mt-3">
			<img src="{{ '/assets/images/study-tips/spacing.png' | relative_url }}" class="figure-img img-fluid rounded">
			<figcaption class="figure-caption text-right">The spacing effect (from https://www.scotthyoung.com/blog/2018/12/24/why-cram/).</figcaption>
		</figure>
            <p class="card-text">Check out this article to see how a study on how using spacing with flashcards was more effective than massing.</p>
            <div class="text-center pt-3">
	    	 <a href="https://search.proquest.com/psycinfo/docview/742972135/5B61771A0A56494BPQ/1?accountid=14512" class="btn btn-primary" target="_blank">Kornell 2009</a>
            </div>
		<p class="card-text">Here's an article explaining the research and delving deeper into other studies.</p>
	    <div class="text-center pt-3">
                 <a href="http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/everybody-is-stupid-except-you/201009/study-better-space-it-out-and-mix-it" class="btn btn-primary" target="_blank">Study better: Space it out and mix it up</a>
            </div>
	    <p class="card-text">And finally, a video to break it all down and explain how you can incorporate spacing into your studying in the future!</p>
		<div class="text-center pt-3">
			<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/cVf38y07cfk" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
		</div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

<div class="card-deck mt-3">
    <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
            <h5 class="card-title">Test Yourself</h5>
	    <p class="card-text">Many studies have also shown that testing yourself on content you've just read or watched actually helps you remember it way better than simply rereading or rewatching the material. This is known as the <i>testing effect</i>. One strong hypothesis about why it works is because testing yourself is a form of retrieval practice, or training yourself to recall something, which is the exact thing you need to do come test time!</p>
		<p class="card-text">Unfortunately, this is one of those counter-intuitive strategies that, while it works well, feels like it <i>doesn't</i>. Roediger and Karpicke (2006) found that while participants remembered information a lot better over the long term when they tested themselves compared to simply studying more, they judged the restudying to help them more than testing did.</p>
		<figure class="figure border border-primary shadow mt-3">
			<img src="{{ '/assets/images/study-tips/testing-vs-restudying.png' | relative_url }}" class="figure-img img-fluid rounded">
			<figcaption class="figure-caption text-right">Test performance after testing vs. restudying.</figcaption>
		</figure>
		<figure class="figure border border-primary shadow mt-3">
			<img src="{{ '/assets/images/study-tips/testing-performance-vs-jol.png' | relative_url }}" class="figure-img img-fluid rounded">
			<figcaption class="figure-caption text-right">Test performance vs. judgment of learning for testing vs. restudying.</figcaption>
		</figure>
		<p class="card-text">Check out this study on how quizzes and multiple choice tests improved performance on tests compared to rereading.</p>
            <div class="text-center pt-3">
	    	 <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09541440701326154" class="btn btn-primary" target="_blank">McDaniel et al. 2007</a>
            </div>
            <p class="card-text">Here are two plain English articles breaking down the testing effect.</p>
            <div class="text-center pt-3">
	     	 <a href="https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/ulterior-motives/201108/test-yourself-learn-better" class="btn btn-primary" target="_blank">Test Yourself to Learn Better</a>
		</div>
		<div class="text-center pt-3">
		 <a href="https://knowledgeplus.nejm.org/blog/what-is-the-testing-effect-and-how-does-it-affect-learning-knowledge-and-retention/" class="btn btn-primary" target="_blank">What Is the Testing Effect, and How Does It Affect Learning, Knowledge, and Retention?</a>
            </div>
	    <p class="card-text">And here's a video if that's your style!</p>
	    <div class="text-center pt-3">
                 <iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/_wqG7g1kZUo" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

<div class="card-deck mt-3">
    <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
            <h5 class="card-title">Change It Up</h5>
		<div class="text-center pt-3">
			<figure class="figure border border-primary shadow mt-3">
			<img src="{{ '/assets/images/study-tips/study-in-different-places.gif' | relative_url }}" class="figure-img img-fluid rounded">
			<figcaption class="figure-caption text-right">Study in different places!</figcaption>
		</figure>
		</div>
            <p class="card-text">You may have heard of the idea of having a single dedicated "study spot" that you do all your studying in. Maybe it's your desk at home or a library on campus. However, did you know that you might actually learn better if you switch it up and study in multiple different places? <NAME> found that students who took an 8-hour statistics course over four days in four different classrooms did better on a test in a completely new environment compared to students who took the course in the same room. This might be useful for you if you like to study in places that are not the exam location, like most of us!  Check out their study!</p>
	    <div class="text-center pt-3">
	    	 <a href="http://people.tamu.edu/~stevesmith/SmithMemory/SmithRothkopf1984.pdf" class="btn btn-primary" target="_blank"><NAME> 1984</a>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
            <h5 class="card-title">Think About It</h5>
            <p class="card-text">Another helpful memory aid is processing the material deeply. This paper by Craik and Lockhart suggests a framework for human memory that stresses the importance of depths or levels of processing and predicts that the deeper information is processed, the longer it will be remembered.</p>
			<div class="text-center pt-3">
            	<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002253717280001X" class="btn btn-primary" target="_blank">Craik & Lockhart 1972</a>
            </div>
	    <p class="card-text">Interestingly enough, this ties very tightly into understanding the material....</p>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

<div class="card-deck mt-3">
    <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
            <h5 class="card-title">Understand It</h5>
            <p class="card-text">One of my favorite ways to remember big concepts from class that has worked for me over the long term is simply trying to understand the material. Studies have shown that actually knowing how the material you're learning ties into what you already know enhances retention and recall of the material.</p>
            <div class="text-center pt-3">
                 <a href="https://msu.edu/~ema/802/Ch6-Memory/2/BransfordJohnson72.pdf" class="btn btn-primary" target="_blank">Bransford & Johnson 1972</a>
            </div>
            <p class="card-text">This study showed that when people actually understood passages they were reading in a larger context, they remembered the passages a lot better.</p>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

<div class="card-deck mt-3">
    <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
            <h5 class="card-title">Get Some Exercise</h5>
            <p class="card-text">Aside from being a valuable study break, exercise has been shown to have innumerable health benefits, one of which is improvements in memory!</p>
            <div class="text-center pt-3">
                 <a href="https://www.pnas.org/content/108/7/3017" class="btn btn-primary" target="_blank">Erickson et al. 2011</a>
            </div>
            <p class="card-text">Typical adults after the age of 50 experience a 1% decline in hippocampal volume per year. However, this study showed that older adults who walked for 40 minutes a day three times a week for a year actually showed a <i>2% increase</i> in the volume of their hippocampus, a region of the brain critical for memory formation!</p>
            <p class="card-text">So, whether you're trying to memorize facts for an exam or people's birthdays for real life, getting some exercise will always help!</p><commit_msg>add exercise images and center the rest<commit_after>---
title: "Resource Playlist - Study Tips"
date: 2020-02-11 01:01:01 +0000
category: Resource Playlists
authors: 
    - royson-lin
author: royson-lin
---

Are you excited to be in a fun and interesting class? Trying your best to learn and understand material you need to know later? Or do you just want to do well on your exams? Whatever your learning goals are, here is a playlist of some study tips backed by cognitive science that are endorsed by WI+RE. Use them to your full advantage!

<div class="card-deck mt-3">
    <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
            <h5 class="card-title">Space It Out</h5>
	    <p class="card-text">Hundreds of studies have shown that spacing, or spreading out study sessions with gaps in between, is far better for remembering the studied material than massing, or cramming as it is more commonly known. This is known as the <i>spacing effect</i>.</p>
		<div class="text-center pt-3">
		<figure class="figure border border-primary shadow mt-3">
			<img src="{{ '/assets/images/study-tips/spacing.png' | relative_url }}" class="figure-img img-fluid rounded">
			<figcaption class="figure-caption text-right">The spacing effect (from https://www.scotthyoung.com/blog/2018/12/24/why-cram/).</figcaption>
		</figure>
		</div>
            <p class="card-text">Check out this article to see how a study on how using spacing with flashcards was more effective than massing.</p>
            <div class="text-center pt-3">
	    	 <a href="https://search.proquest.com/psycinfo/docview/742972135/5B61771A0A56494BPQ/1?accountid=14512" class="btn btn-primary" target="_blank">Kornell 2009</a>
            </div>
		<p class="card-text">Here's an article explaining the research and delving deeper into other studies.</p>
	    <div class="text-center pt-3">
                 <a href="http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/everybody-is-stupid-except-you/201009/study-better-space-it-out-and-mix-it" class="btn btn-primary" target="_blank">Study better: Space it out and mix it up</a>
            </div>
	    <p class="card-text">And finally, a video to break it all down and explain how you can incorporate spacing into your studying in the future!</p>
		<div class="text-center pt-3">
			<iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/cVf38y07cfk" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
		</div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

<div class="card-deck mt-3">
    <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
            <h5 class="card-title">Test Yourself</h5>
	    <p class="card-text">Many studies have also shown that testing yourself on content you've just read or watched actually helps you remember it way better than simply rereading or rewatching the material. This is known as the <i>testing effect</i>. One strong hypothesis about why it works is because testing yourself is a form of retrieval practice, or training yourself to recall something, which is the exact thing you need to do come test time!</p>
		<p class="card-text">Unfortunately, this is one of those counter-intuitive strategies that, while it works well, feels like it <i>doesn't</i>. Roediger and Karpicke (2006) found that while participants remembered information a lot better over the long term when they tested themselves compared to simply studying more, they judged the restudying to help them more than testing did.</p>
		<div class="text-center pt-3">
		<figure class="figure border border-primary shadow mt-3">
			<img src="{{ '/assets/images/study-tips/testing-vs-restudying.png' | relative_url }}" class="figure-img img-fluid rounded">
			<figcaption class="figure-caption text-right">Test performance after testing vs. restudying.</figcaption>
		</figure>
		<figure class="figure border border-primary shadow mt-3">
			<img src="{{ '/assets/images/study-tips/testing-performance-vs-jol.png' | relative_url }}" class="figure-img img-fluid rounded">
			<figcaption class="figure-caption text-right">Test performance vs. judgment of learning for testing vs. restudying.</figcaption>
		</figure>
		</div>
		<p class="card-text">Check out this study on how quizzes and multiple choice tests improved performance on tests compared to rereading.</p>
            <div class="text-center pt-3">
	    	 <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09541440701326154" class="btn btn-primary" target="_blank">McDaniel et al. 2007</a>
            </div>
            <p class="card-text">Here are two plain English articles breaking down the testing effect.</p>
            <div class="text-center pt-3">
	     	 <a href="https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/ulterior-motives/201108/test-yourself-learn-better" class="btn btn-primary" target="_blank">Test Yourself to Learn Better</a>
		</div>
		<div class="text-center pt-3">
		 <a href="https://knowledgeplus.nejm.org/blog/what-is-the-testing-effect-and-how-does-it-affect-learning-knowledge-and-retention/" class="btn btn-primary" target="_blank">What Is the Testing Effect, and How Does It Affect Learning, Knowledge, and Retention?</a>
            </div>
	    <p class="card-text">And here's a video if that's your style!</p>
	    <div class="text-center pt-3">
                 <iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/_wqG7g1kZUo" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

<div class="card-deck mt-3">
    <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
            <h5 class="card-title">Change It Up</h5>
		<div class="text-center pt-3">
			<figure class="figure border border-primary shadow mt-3">
				<img src="{{ '/assets/images/study-tips/study-in-different-places.gif' | relative_url }}" class="figure-img img-fluid rounded">
				<figcaption class="figure-caption text-right">Study in different places!</figcaption>
			</figure>
		</div>
            <p class="card-text">You may have heard of the idea of having a single dedicated "study spot" that you do all your studying in. Maybe it's your desk at home or a library on campus. However, did you know that you might actually learn better if you switch it up and study in multiple different places? <NAME> found that students who took an 8-hour statistics course over four days in four different classrooms did better on a test in a completely new environment compared to students who took the course in the same room. This might be useful for you if you like to study in places that are not the exam location, like most of us!  Check out their study!</p>
	    <div class="text-center pt-3">
	    	 <a href="http://people.tamu.edu/~stevesmith/SmithMemory/SmithRothkopf1984.pdf" class="btn btn-primary" target="_blank">Smith & Rothkopf 1984</a>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
            <h5 class="card-title">Think About It</h5>
            <p class="card-text">Another helpful memory aid is processing the material deeply. This paper by Craik and Lockhart suggests a framework for human memory that stresses the importance of depths or levels of processing and predicts that the deeper information is processed, the longer it will be remembered.</p>
			<div class="text-center pt-3">
            	<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002253717280001X" class="btn btn-primary" target="_blank">Craik & Lockhart 1972</a>
            </div>
	    <p class="card-text">Interestingly enough, this ties very tightly into understanding the material....</p>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

<div class="card-deck mt-3">
    <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
            <h5 class="card-title">Understand It</h5>
            <p class="card-text">One of my favorite ways to remember big concepts from class that has worked for me over the long term is simply trying to understand the material. Studies have shown that actually knowing how the material you're learning ties into what you already know enhances retention and recall of the material.</p>
            <div class="text-center pt-3">
                 <a href="https://msu.edu/~ema/802/Ch6-Memory/2/BransfordJohnson72.pdf" class="btn btn-primary" target="_blank">Bransford & Johnson 1972</a>
            </div>
            <p class="card-text">This study showed that when people actually understood passages they were reading in a larger context, they remembered the passages a lot better.</p>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

<div class="card-deck mt-3">
    <div class="card">
        <div class="card-body">
            <h5 class="card-title">Get Some Exercise</h5>
		<div class="text-center pt-3">
			<figure class="figure border border-primary shadow mt-3">
				<img src="{{ '/assets/images/study-tips/old-people-walking.png' | relative_url }}" class="figure-img img-fluid rounded">
				<figcaption class="figure-caption text-right">Study in different places!</figcaption>
			</figure>
		</div>
            <p class="card-text">Aside from being a valuable study break, exercise has been shown to have innumerable health benefits, one of which is improvements in memory!</p>
            <div class="text-center pt-3">
                 <a href="https://www.pnas.org/content/108/7/3017" class="btn btn-primary" target="_blank">Erickson et al. 2011</a>
            </div>
            <p class="card-text">Typical adults after the age of 50 experience a 1% decline in hippocampal volume per year. However, this study showed that older adults who walked for 40 minutes a day three times a week for a year actually showed a <i>2% increase</i> in the volume of their hippocampus, a region of the brain critical for memory formation!</p>
            <p class="card-text">So, whether you're trying to memorize facts for an exam or people's birthdays for real life, getting some exercise will always help!</p>
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