PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/HH8Ar_LievY.srt

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بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم السلام عليكم ورحمة الله

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وبركاته محاضرة الأسبوع التاسع راح نكمل موضوع

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anatomy and physiology of the cranial nerves الجزء

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الأول من محاضرة الأسبوع التاسع راح نتكلم بالتفصيل

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الممل عن anatomy and physiology of the facial

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nerve. أهم عصب لكم في موضوع cranial nerves هو العصب

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السابع facial nerve facial

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nerve, it 

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is a mixed nerve, it is a mixed nerve which

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contains motor, sensory, and parasympathetic functions

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أو fibers. هاي هو دي ال mix nerve عشر تلاف وتسعمية

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وخمس وسبعين. خلصنا السابق العصب الخامس اللي هو الـ

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Trigeminal nerve. دلوقت راح اتكلم على Facial nerve

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Facial nerve اللي هو العصب السابع. عصب السابع 

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Facial nerve, it is mixed nerve, contains motor 

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sensory and parasympathetic fibers. يوم اتكلمت على 

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Trigeminal nerve, قلتلكوا Trigeminal nerve, it is

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more important than sensory nerve. اليوم راح اتكلم 

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على Facial nerve, it is more important as motor

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nerve، عشان هي مهم إلكوا في العلاج الطبيعي، موضوع

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facial nerve، لإنه عصب حركي أكتر ما هو حسيه، هو في

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خليط الأنسجة، لكن هو more important as motor nerve 

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than sensory and than parasympathetic functions.

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what's the root of a facial nerve? اتفقنا ان ال

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facial nerve emerges بخرج من ال lower part of the 

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pons, between the pons and medulla oblongata. بخرج

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as a two root, اللي هو كام root؟ two root. large

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root, large root بيكون اللي هو motor facial, motor root

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facial motor root, is purely motor nerve, supply all

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the muscle of expression, facial expression. second

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root, small root, small root بيسموه nerve 

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intermediates, nerve intermediates, contains sensory

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and parasympathetic fibers. يبقى كمان مرة ال facial

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nerve بخرج من ال .. ال ventral surface of the pons 

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في ال lower part of the pons, between the pons and 

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medulla oblongata, as two root, large root, facial

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motor nerve, و small root يعتبر intermedius nerve 

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اللي فيه sensory و parasympathetic fibers. sensory 

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و parasympathetic fibers هي عندي ال lower part of 

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the pons. بخرج منها large root. أنا برسم على ال

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left side, large root اللي هو motor facial nerve, و

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small root, nerve intermediates, nerve intermediates 

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اللي علاقة بال sensation و هي parasympathetic

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function, sensory and parasympathetic function.

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nuclei of the facial nerve, حسب ال function, فيه

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nuclei. اتفاقنا main function is motor function. 

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يبقى موجود عندي facial motor nerve, facial motor

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nucleus, فيه موجودة facial motor nucleus. تنجسم

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جسمين. هذه ال facial motor nucleus الها dorsal part 

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و ventral part. هي نرسمها. هذه تعتبر facial motor 

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nucleus of facial nerve, تمام. الها جزئين جزء دورسل 

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وجزء 

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ventral. اللي الدورسل، الدورسل 

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supply the 

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upper part 

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of the face. يبقى الدورسل nucleus بتاعة الموتور

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مسئول عن أي جزء؟ upper part of the face يعني upper

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quadrant of the face. يقول لو غمضت عيني مين حرك

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لعين؟ هذا ال dorsal part. دكتور ايه اضحك شيء عن 

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الامتحان و ماعجبك و اشرحها الطالب او طالب يعمل 

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بتمها زيك حرك مش ماجبهممش هنجيبهم. يبقى ان انا حركت

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ال lower quadrant of the face المسئول عنه ال lower

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quadrant اللي هو ventral nucleus. المسئول عن ايه ال

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lower part

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of the face. من ناحية انا بتكلم عن ال motor من

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ناحية ايه motor. يبقى كمان مرة facial motor nucleus 

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الها two part, dorsal part and ventral part. ال

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dorsal part مسئول عن مين؟ عن ال upper quadrant of 

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the face. ال ventral part مسئول عن مين؟ lower 

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quadrant of the face. وين موجودة دي ال nucleus؟

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موجودة في ال pons. موجودة وين؟ في ال pons. إيش 

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وظيفتها؟ supply the facial muscles. لو أتكلم على ال

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lower quadrant ببطرق إلى ال ventral part. upper

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quadrant of the face, dorsal part. ثمانة في عندي 

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Superior Salivary Nucleus, Superior Salivary 

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Nucleus. هذه لها علاقة بال Parasympathetic function.

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Secretomotor. بتغديلنا submandibular and sublingual 

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salivary glands, عن طريق branch من ال facial nerve

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اسمه chorda tympani nerve. كوردة تمبني نيرف. و بتغدين ال

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glands of the palate, nose. لاخرم ال gland

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nasopharynx عن طريق عصب اسمه GSPN, greater

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superficial petrosal nerve. اذا ذكروا لما نروح

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المطبخ, نقطع بصل, ايش بيصير حالتنا؟ شلش, بيصير حالتنا

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في شلش, بندمع و بنف و حلق صعبة. بتكون الوضع هنا من 

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البصل, مين بشتغل هنا؟ الـ Parasympathetic fibers 

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بتاعة مين؟ ال facial nerve. عن طريق أي نوكلياس؟

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superior salivary nucleus. وظيفته ايه؟

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Parasympathetic. ال نوكلياس التالتة, solitary nucleus

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موجودة في الميدالة أبلانقاتا. علاقة بماذا؟ علاقة 

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بالـ sensory function، ومن ضمن الـ sensory 

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function, taste، sensation from the anterior to

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third of the tongue. يعني ال facial nerve مسئول عن

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حاسة التذوق لوين؟ لل tongue. من أي جزء من ال

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anterior to third of the tongue. يبقى ال taste

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sensation from the anterior to third of the tongue

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اللي بيحس فيها هو ال facial nerve, عن طريق عصب اسمه 

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نفس الشيء كمان, chorda tympani nerve. هو chorda 

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tympani nerve.و أي نوكلياس؟ solitary nucleus. وين 

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موجودة ال solitary nucleus؟ في مضلة او بلانجاتا

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احنا قولنا فيه exception. مع ان ال facial nerve

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المفروض يكون في ال pons. تلاحظوا superior salivary 

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في ال pons. و ال motor nucleus في ال pons. لكن ال

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solitary nucleus موجودة وين؟ في مضلة او بلانجاتا

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لأنها مسئولة كمان عن العصب التاسع و مسئولة عن من

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عن العصب العاشر. functions of the facial nerve. ايش

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وظيفة ال facial nerve? اول function, it is the main

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function, motor, motor, motor function, motor function

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وظيفتها ال motor اللي هي supply the muscles of

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facial expression. لها علاقة بالموتور

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facial expression. ثاني, parasympathetic function

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to all glands of head. لمين؟ submandibular

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sublingual and lacrimal glands. Except Parotid

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glands. ما بتغدى ال Parotid gland. ال Parotid gland 

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بتاخد عن طريق ال Glossopharyngeal nerve. العصب 

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التاسع. يبقى facial nerve مسئول عن كل ال salivary

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glands مع دق اوتك أو ال Parotid gland بتاخد من

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Glossopharyngeal nerve. ثلاثة مسئول عن sensory from 

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skin of the external auricle و tympanic membrane. بغض

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نظر من الأذن و من طابلة الأذن tympanic membrane و أهم

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شيء مسئول عن ايه؟ taste sensation from the anterior

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to third of the tongue. نطبق على نقلي, ITest

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sensation بتاعة الانترال توترد of the tongue. مسئول

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عنها مين؟ Solitary nucleus. Sensory of skin تبع ال

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external auricle و ال membrane مسئول عنها. تنبانك

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ممبران مسئول عنها كمان Solitary nucleus. الـ

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Parasympathetic Function بتاعته لـ glands, salivary

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glands. Superior Salivary Nucleus. الـ Motor Function

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اللي هي Motor Nucleus of Facial Nerve, تنقسم لقسمين 

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Ventral Part and Dorsal Part. و ventral part بياخد a

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أو مسئول عن a. ال ventral part مسئول عن ال lower

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quadrant of the face. lower quadrant of the face و 

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dorsal nucleus مسئول عن upper quadrant of the face.

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نتكلم على intracranial course of the facial nerve. 

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ال intracranial course of facial nerve. the facial

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nerve emerges from the lower border of the pons، 

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بخرج من أين؟ من ال lower border بتاع ال pons، بعد

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هي بيمر في cerebellopontine angle، يوم ما شرحتلكوا

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العصب الخامس، اتكلمنا عن ال cerebellopontine

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angle، بيمر في العصب الخامس والسبع والثامن، بعد هي

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بيفوت لل internal auditory meatus. بيمور وين؟ في

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facial canal أو fallopian canal. ماتخربطوش؟ في

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fallopian tube. حد يكتبلي fallopian tube. fallopian

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tube. هذه موجودة فقط عند ال female. بتربط ال uterus 

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مع ال ovary. قناة بين من ومن؟ بين الرحم ال uterus و 

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ال ovary و المبايض. fallopian canal موجود عند المال

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والفمال. اسمها facial canal أو اسمها internal

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auditory canal. موجودة في الـ petrostemporal bone.

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أثناء مروره في ال facial canal, ال facial nerve

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بيعطينا three branches. راح نتكلم عنهم بعد هيك.

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finally, it exit from stylo-mastoid foramen. وفي 

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النهاية بخرجلنا من الخلف من stylo-mastoid foramen.

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هي اندي تابع معايا. خرج ال facial nerve من lower

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border of the pons, between the pons and medulla

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oblongata. مروين في cerebellopontine angle. بعد هيك

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بيفوت لل internal auditory 

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meatus. لل facial canal. facial ايه؟ canal أو

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fallopian canal.

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أثناء مروره في الـ facial canal إله جانجليون اسم

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هذا الجانجليون geniculate ganglion. هذا الجانجليون

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الـ geniculate ganglion إله three branches, greater

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superficial petrosal nerve, nerve to stapedius 

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muscle, و chorda tympani nerve. هذول التلاثة راح نتكلم

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عنهم و finally بيخرج من وين؟ بيخرج بيغادر عن طريق

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stylomastoid foramen. بيخرج من وين؟ من stylomastoid 

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foramen. يقول هذا ال course بتاع اللي هو ال facial 

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nerve intracranial course.

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نتكلم على extra cranial course of the facial nerve.

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It leaves the skull through the stylomastoid 

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foramen. يعني هو بيغادر ال facial canal الموجودة في

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ال skull عن طريق ال stylomastoid foramen.

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Immediately after exit of the skull, it gives two 

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branches. بعد ما يخرج من ال skull بيعطينا 

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immediately two branches. بعد ذلك يدخل في الـ 

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posterior medial surface

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of parotid gland. بيكون superficial لـ external

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carotid artery, و it ends inside of the substance

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part of the gland by dividing into five terminal

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branches. و في الأخير بيعطينا five branches. يعني

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طلع ال facial nerve له كام branch؟ عشرة، له عشرة،

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ثلاثة موجودين في ال facial canal, اثنين immediately

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after exit و اثنين بعد ما يخرج من 

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الـ stylomastoid foramen و خمسة terminal branches. 

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صاروا كام؟ صاروا عندي عشرة branches. لمن لاله facial 

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small branch to stapedius muscle ايه بجنه؟ هذا

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small branch للاستابيدياس muscle يعتبر motor جي اس بي

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إن بارا sympathetic الكوردة تنبع يعتبر بارا

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sympathetic و sensory و هي و sensory Posterior

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Auricular Nerve يعتبر motor مع Sensory مع بعض

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Nerve of Posterior Belly of the Digastric Muscle

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motor و Terminal five branches temporal nerve motor

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motor motor motor motor motor motor motor motor

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motor motor motor motor motor 

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اثنين immediately after exit وخمسة terminal الثلاثة

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اللي بيكونوا في ال canal داخل ال canal واحد GSBN

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اللي هو greater superficial petrosal nerve ثمين

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small branch to stapedius muscle ثلاثة corda

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tympani nerve ال two nerves immediately after exit

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from stylomastoid foramen اللي هو posterior

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auricular nerveو nerve to posterior belly of

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00:18:56,010 --> 00:19:00,230
digastric muscle and stylohyoid muscle وخمسة

218
00:19:00,230 --> 00:19:03,610
terminal branches temporal nerve زي Zygomatic nerve,

219
00:19:04,030 --> 00:19:07,310
buccal nerve, marginal mandibular nerve and

220
00:19:07,310 --> 00:19:13,890
cervical nerve الآن في ال slide هذا راح اتكلم على

221
00:19:14,740 --> 00:19:19,660
الـ branches الثلاثة الموجودين في الـ canal GSPN

222
00:19:19,660 --> 00:19:24,460
أو Greater Superficial Petrosal Nerve it is a

223
00:19:24,460 --> 00:19:29,700
parasympathetic nerve carry parasympathetic fibers

224
00:19:29,700 --> 00:19:34,560
to the lacrimal gland, nasal gland, nasopharyngeal

225
00:19:34,560 --> 00:19:40,560
gland, palatine gland كلها منهثمين small branch to

226
00:19:40,560 --> 00:19:44,260
the stapedius muscle in the middle ear اللي هو

227
00:19:44,260 --> 00:19:49,260
يعتبر motor nerve reduce excessive vibration and

228
00:19:49,260 --> 00:19:53,280
sound transmission to inner ear بيكون جيرانكوا

229
00:19:53,280 --> 00:19:57,660
عندهم حفلة طول الليل و هم أغاني مش عارفين أين

230
00:19:57,660 --> 00:20:02,280
جايبينها و الإنسان بيرهق من سمح الأغاني اللي مش

231
00:20:02,280 --> 00:20:07,890
حلوة و ماعليهاش أي معنى و حرامماذا تفعل هذه

232
00:20:07,890 --> 00:20:11,330
العضلة؟ هذه العضلة تحدث لها contraction لـ

233
00:20:11,330 --> 00:20:14,830
Stapedius muscle لماذا تعمل contraction؟ عشان نقلل

234
00:20:14,830 --> 00:20:19,770
توصيل الصوت من الأذن الوسطى للأذن الداخلية إذا كان

235
00:20:19,770 --> 00:20:22,570
حفلة عن جيرانكوا طول الوقت تكون Stapedius muscle في

236
00:20:22,570 --> 00:20:26,750
وضع contraction ما هو وظيفتها؟ reduction excessive

237
00:20:26,750 --> 00:20:32,670
vibration and sound transmission from middle ear to

238
00:20:32,670 --> 00:20:35,790
inner ear، يبقى بالعربي هذه العضلة عندما تحصل على

239
00:20:35,790 --> 00:20:39,650
contraction تعمل تخفيض للصوت العالي، توصيل الصوت

240
00:20:39,650 --> 00:20:43,650
العالي من الأذن الوسطى لين؟ للأذن الداخلية، لكن

241
00:20:43,650 --> 00:20:47,770
لو ما كانت شغالة هذه العضلة، بيحدث عندنا شيء اسمه

242
00:20:47,770 --> 00:20:51,250
hyperacusia، hyper ايه؟ Acusia

243
00:20:53,830 --> 00:20:56,630
يعني لو أنا بقرا محاضرة إلكوا اللي عنده

244
00:20:56,630 --> 00:20:59,350
hyperacusia بقدرش تحمل محاضرة الصوت بيكون

245
00:20:59,350 --> 00:21:05,960
بالنسبة له عالي كثير و مزعج كثير ثلاثة corda تنبع 

246
00:21:05,960 --> 00:21:09,740
nerve هذا يعتبر بارا سيمباتاتيك و special sensory

247
00:21:09,740 --> 00:21:15,660
nerve يعطي بارا سيمباتاتيك fibers ل submandibular و

248
00:21:15,660 --> 00:21:20,320
sublingual salivary gland بيغذي ال submandibular و

249
00:21:20,320 --> 00:21:23,260
sublingual salivary gland العلاقة في ال production

250
00:21:23,260 --> 00:21:27,780
of saliva اثنين sub lingual taste ال sensation بيغذي

251
00:21:27,780 --> 00:21:35,130
التذوق from anterior two third of the tongue هي عندي

252
00:21:35,130 --> 00:21:39,170
اللي هو greater superficial petrosal nerve هاي

253
00:21:39,170 --> 00:21:44,790
nerve to stapedius muscle وهي

254
00:21:44,790 --> 00:21:48,890
عندي اللي هو corda tympani nerve وخرج من وين؟ من

255
00:21:48,890 --> 00:21:53,870
stylomastoid foramen من stylomastoid foramen خرج

256
00:21:53,870 --> 00:21:57,730
من ال facial nerve هيك بيكون أنا شرحتلكوا أول

257
00:21:57,730 --> 00:22:06,170
ثلاثة عندي بعد هيك اللي هو facial nerve بيخرج من

258
00:22:06,170 --> 00:22:10,590
stylomastoid foramen وبيعطينا two branches

259
00:22:10,590 --> 00:22:15,250
posterior auricular nerve and nerve to posterior

260
00:22:15,250 --> 00:22:20,370
belly of the digastric muscle and stylohyoid muscle

261
00:22:20,370 --> 00:22:26,230
هاي

262
00:22:26,230 --> 00:22:33,850
عندي اللي هو ال facial nerve بيخرج من الـ stylo

263
00:22:33,850 --> 00:22:43,130
mastoid foramen الآن

264
00:22:43,130 --> 00:22:48,490
أتكلم على branches of the facial nerve immediately

265
00:22:48,490 --> 00:22:52,930
after exit from the skull بعد ما يخرج من ال skull

266
00:22:52,930 --> 00:22:55,990
من ال stylomastoid foramen immediately it gives

267
00:22:55,990 --> 00:23:01,000
two branches أول واحد posterior auricular nerve

268
00:23:01,000 --> 00:23:05,920
posterior auricular nerve supply of occipital belly

269
00:23:05,920 --> 00:23:11,260
of occipitofrontalis muscle supply also superior

270
00:23:11,260 --> 00:23:16,000
and posterior auricularis muscle بيغذي ال

271
00:23:16,000 --> 00:23:18,020
superior و ال posterior auricularis muscle

272
00:23:20,910 --> 00:23:25,630
أوريكولار muscle لها جزءين جزء posterior و جزء

273
00:23:25,630 --> 00:23:30,230
anterior هو أدق بيغذي بيغذي posterior part بيغذي

274
00:23:30,230 --> 00:23:33,830
posterior part لأن ال temporal nerve راح يغذي main

275
00:23:33,830 --> 00:23:38,050
anterior part يبقى ال posterior auricular nerve

276
00:23:38,050 --> 00:23:41,930
راح يغذي أدق ال posterior part of superior

277
00:23:41,930 --> 00:23:46,770
auricular muscle Okay و ايه العلاقة بموضوع ال

278
00:23:46,770 --> 00:23:51,650
sensation from the posterior part of the auricle

279
00:23:51,650 --> 00:23:56,330
and tympanic membrane العصب الثاني من اسمه واضح

280
00:23:56,330 --> 00:23:59,710
اسمه nerve to posterior belly of the digastric

281
00:23:59,710 --> 00:24:02,630
muscle and the stylohyoid muscle في غذي ال

282
00:24:02,630 --> 00:24:05,530
posterior belly of the digastric muscle and the

283
00:24:05,530 --> 00:24:10,590
stylohyoid muscle هي عندي اللي هو posterior

284
00:24:10,590 --> 00:24:17,240
auricular nerve Posterior Auricular nerve خرج

285
00:24:17,240 --> 00:24:22,380
immediately تونيرف posterior auricular nerve و nerve

286
00:24:22,380 --> 00:24:25,860
to posterior belly digastric muscle و stylohyoid نتكلم

287
00:24:25,860 --> 00:24:29,340
عن posterior auricular بيغذي occipital belly او

288
00:24:29,340 --> 00:24:35,560
occipitofrontalis muscle بيغذي posterior auricular

289
00:24:35,560 --> 00:24:41,050
muscle و بيغذي ال posterior part of superior

290
00:24:41,050 --> 00:24:45,070
auricular muscle هذا هو posterior auricular nerve

291
00:24:45,070 --> 00:24:49,030
و بيعطينا أو receive sensation from the posterior

292
00:24:49,030 --> 00:24:53,810
auricle and posterior tympanic membrane هذا أول

293
00:24:53,810 --> 00:25:02,040
branch after exit هاي عندي واضح Occipital belly of

294
00:25:02,040 --> 00:25:05,820
occipitofrontalis muscle هي posterior auricular

295
00:25:05,820 --> 00:25:11,420
muscle وهو بيغذي posterior part of superior

296
00:25:11,420 --> 00:25:16,680
auricular بعد هيك عندي five .. في عندي بعدها

297
00:25:16,680 --> 00:25:21,320
بييجي five terminal branches في عندي five

298
00:25:21,320 --> 00:25:25,580
terminal branches خمسة اللي هو temporal nerve

299
00:25:26,610 --> 00:25:30,830
zygomatic nerve, buccal nerve, marginal mandibular

300
00:25:30,830 --> 00:25:34,210
nerve and cervical nerve هذول terminal branches

301
00:25:34,210 --> 00:25:39,910
temporal nerve نتكلم واحد واحد temporal nerve

302
00:25:39,910 --> 00:25:45,530
supply the frontal belly of frontalis muscle

303
00:25:45,530 --> 00:25:52,640
upper part of orbicularis oculi muscle superior and

304
00:25:52,640 --> 00:25:56,100
anterior auricularis muscle نشوفهم مع بعض ايش

305
00:25:56,100 --> 00:26:01,460
بيغذي ال temporal nerve بيغذي اللي هو frontal

306
00:26:01,460 --> 00:26:08,130
belly of و frontalis muscle بيغذي من؟ anterior

307
00:26:08,130 --> 00:26:13,790
auricularis muscle وبيغذي ال anterior part of

308
00:26:13,790 --> 00:26:18,350
superior auricular muscle وبيغذي ال upper part of

309
00:26:18,350 --> 00:26:22,650
orbicularis oculi muscle تمام؟ هذا من بيغذيهم؟

310
00:26:22,650 --> 00:26:32,490
اللي هو temporal nerve نرجع لل slide zygomatic

311
00:26:32,490 --> 00:26:37,830
nerve ال zygomatic nerve بنقسم لقسمين upper

312
00:26:37,830 --> 00:26:43,910
zygomatic branch and lower zygomatic branch ال

313
00:26:43,910 --> 00:26:50,510
upper zygomatic branch بيغذي superior

314
00:26:50,510 --> 00:26:53,110
or inferior part of the orbicularis oculi muscle

315
00:26:53,110 --> 00:26:58,110
اللي بتغمض العين بيغذي ال lower zygomatic muscle

316
00:26:58,110 --> 00:27:03,210
between the eye and mouth including nasal muscle

317
00:27:03,210 --> 00:27:07,050
يبقى في الحالة هذه ال upper zygomatic nerve بيغذي

318
00:27:07,050 --> 00:27:11,070
لنا ال orbicularis oculi muscle هذه ال upper part

319
00:27:11,070 --> 00:27:16,530
و ال lower part هذه كلها بتاخد من أين؟ من upper

320
00:27:16,530 --> 00:27:19,630
zygomatic و ال lower zygomatic بيغذي ال muscles

321
00:27:19,630 --> 00:27:27,510
between the mouth and eye including nasal muscles

322
00:27:27,510 --> 00:27:33,390
هذول بياخدوا من وين؟ من ال lower zygomatic branch

323
00:27:33,390 --> 00:27:36,450
في

324
00:27:36,450 --> 00:27:43,990
بعدها buccal nerve بيغذي buccinator muscle and

325
00:27:43,990 --> 00:27:47,090
orbicularis oris muscle orbicularis oris muscle

326
00:27:47,090 --> 00:27:52,510
اني أنا لما بصفّر بحركها لما بسكر فمي بحركها هذه هي

327
00:27:53,850 --> 00:27:59,450
Buccinator muscle تاخد من ال buccal و orbicularis

328
00:27:59,450 --> 00:28:05,110
oris muscle تاخد من ال buccal nerve

329
00:28:08,670 --> 00:28:14,150
الفرع اللي بعده اللي هو marginal mandibular nerve

330
00:28:14,150 --> 00:28:19,050
supply the muscles in the region of the mandible

331
00:28:19,050 --> 00:28:22,970
وفي cervical muscle أو cervical nerve بيغذي

332
00:28:22,970 --> 00:28:29,860
platysma muscle يبقى هاد ال muscles في ال angle of

333
00:28:29,860 --> 00:28:33,720
the mandible تمام أو angle of the mouth تاخد من ال

334
00:28:33,720 --> 00:28:36,840
marginal mandibular nerve وهاد ال platysma muscle

335
00:28:36,840 --> 00:28:40,840
راح تاخد من وين ال platysma muscle من اللي هو ال

336
00:28:40,840 --> 00:28:45,800
cervical nerve of facial هكذا بيكون أنا شرحتلكم

337
00:28:45,800 --> 00:28:51,220
ten branches of facial nerve شرحت العشر أعصاب يبقى

338
00:28:51,220 --> 00:28:55,430
هاي عندي zygomatic nerve تمام؟ بيغذي مين؟

339
00:28:55,430 --> 00:28:59,510
ال orbicularis و ال muscles

340
00:29:00,680 --> 00:29:05,080
between the eye and mouth including nasal muscle

341
00:29:05,080 --> 00:29:08,880
أنا هأعلملكوا عليهم ال buccal nerve بيغذي orbicularis

342
00:29:08,880 --> 00:29:12,480
oris muscle و buccinator muscle ال marginal

343
00:29:12,480 --> 00:29:16,480
mandibular nerve بيغذي ال muscles around the

344
00:29:16,480 --> 00:29:20,800
mouth angle و ال cervical nerve بيغذي platysma

345
00:29:20,800 --> 00:29:25,240
muscle و هذا ال marginal واضح بيغذي ال muscles في

346
00:29:25,240 --> 00:29:30,650
ال angle of the mouth ننتقل لموضوع راح أشرحه

347
00:29:30,650 --> 00:29:34,710
بالتفصيل في سنة رابعة إن شاء الله إذا ظللنا طيبين هي عندي ال

348
00:29:34,710 --> 00:29:41,970
motor nucleus motor nucleus of the facial nerve

349
00:29:41,970 --> 00:29:50,950
تنقسم لقسمين تنقسم لقسمين قولنا جزء يعتبر ventral

350
00:29:50,950 --> 00:29:58,190
وجزء يعتبر dorsal ال ventral

351
00:30:01,490 --> 00:30:09,050
supply the lower quadrant of the face و الدورسل

352
00:30:09,050 --> 00:30:16,450
supply the upper quadrant of the face الدورسل تأخذ

353
00:30:16,450 --> 00:30:21,490
إشارة من ال ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere و من

354
00:30:21,490 --> 00:30:26,470
ال contralateral cerebral hemisphere يعني حكمة ربنا

355
00:30:26,470 --> 00:30:29,730
واسعة بالبعد أعطى العضلات اللي بتغمض العين

356
00:30:29,730 --> 00:30:34,930
innervation from both cerebral hemispheres يعني ال

357
00:30:34,930 --> 00:30:39,130
dorsal part أو ال dorsal nucleus of facial بتاخد

358
00:30:39,130 --> 00:30:42,570
من كم cerebral hemisphere؟ من two cerebral

359
00:30:42,570 --> 00:30:47,310
hemispheres لكن ال ventral nucleus المسئول عن ال

360
00:30:47,310 --> 00:30:51,540
lower quadrant of the face فقط بتاخد من ال opposite

361
00:30:51,540 --> 00:30:55,680
side، يعني في الحالة هذه، لو إنسان صار معاه جلطة

362
00:30:55,680 --> 00:30:58,940
دماغية، جلطة دماغية في ال right cerebral

363
00:30:58,940 --> 00:31:03,340
hemisphere، في ال right cerebral hemisphere، ايش

364
00:31:03,340 --> 00:31:09,340
بيحدث عنده؟ مين راح يتأثر فقط؟ الدرس اللي بتتأثر؟ ما

365
00:31:09,340 --> 00:31:13,420
بتتأثرش لأن عندها ipsilateral innervation طيب و ال

366
00:31:13,420 --> 00:31:17,580
ventral ال ventral راح تتأثر في الحالة هذه ال

367
00:31:17,580 --> 00:31:23,260
ventral راح تتأثر راح ينشل نص وجهه السفلي الموضوع

368
00:31:23,260 --> 00:31:28,240
هذا ما راح أطول الآن فيه راح أشرحه بالتفصيل في سنة

369
00:31:28,240 --> 00:31:32,520
رابعة في الأمراض بتاعة الأعصاب إن شاء الله في

370
00:31:32,520 --> 00:31:39,070
cranial nerve disease هنا نشوف مرضى عندهم facial

371
00:31:39,070 --> 00:31:46,830
palsy مرضى دول عندهم facial palsy لاحظوا لي المريض

372
00:31:46,830 --> 00:31:55,030
عنده hand shell في نص وجهه على الجهة اليسرى بيغمض

373
00:31:55,030 --> 00:31:58,470
عينه هنا مش قادر يغمض في drop في ال mouth angle

374
00:31:58,470 --> 00:32:03,770
عينه فاتحة loss nasolabial fold مش موجودة يبقى إن

375
00:32:03,770 --> 00:32:07,710
المريض هذا عنده شلل في العصب السابع ال GHA اليسرى

376
00:32:07,710 --> 00:32:11,110
هذا كله بالتفصيل اللي راح أشرحه في سنة رابعة في

377
00:32:11,110 --> 00:32:16,410
مرض اسمه Bell's palsy التهاب في أو شلل العصب

378
00:32:16,410 --> 00:32:20,430
السابع ونتكلم على ال upper motor neuron and lower

379
00:32:20,430 --> 00:32:23,730
motor neuron ايش أنواعهم كل هذا إن شاء الله راح

380
00:32:23,730 --> 00:32:27,630
نتكلم عنه لاحظوا هنا المريض هذا عنده شلل في عضلات

381
00:32:27,630 --> 00:32:30,990
الوجه على الجهة اليسرى في Bell's palsy على ال left

382
00:32:30,990 --> 00:32:35,550
side مش قادر يغمض عينه drop mouth angle inability

383
00:32:35,550 --> 00:32:40,030
to close the eye كل التجاعيد هذا ال nasolabial

384
00:32:40,030 --> 00:32:44,110
fold واضحة حلوة هنا lost مش موجودة المريض عنده شلل

385
00:32:44,110 --> 00:32:47,050
في العصب السابع على الجهة اليسرى

386
00:32:57,770 --> 00:33:01,770
نفس الشيء هذا الشاب بس هنا على اليمين شايفين لاحظوا في

387
00:33:

401
00:33:55,650 --> 00:33:59,550
نتكلم عن Glossopharyngeal nerve, Vegas nerve و 

402
00:33:59,550 --> 00:34:03,070
accessory and hypoglossal nerve موضوع

403
00:34:03,070 --> 00:34:06,430
vestibulocochlear nerve بتكلم عنه في محاضرة إن شاء 

404
00:34:06,430 --> 00:34:10,770
الله  الـ special sensation اللي هو sense of hearing

405
00:34:10,770 --> 00:34:15,330
هيك بكون أنهيت الجزء الأول من محاضرة تبع الأسبوع

406
00:34:15,330 --> 00:34:18,000
التاسع يعطيكم ألف عافية  العربية