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1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:04,990 --> 00:00:08,610
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:08,610 --> 00:00:16,990
7
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุนุดุฑ Parkinson disease ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:16,990 --> 00:00:21,690
11
+ akinetic rigid syndrome akinetic rigid syndrome
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:21,690 --> 00:00:27,290
15
+ ุฅูŠุด
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:27,290 --> 00:00:31,950
19
+ ุงู„ุชุนุฑูŠู ุชุงุน Parkinson disease ู…ุฑุถ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู†
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:31,950 --> 00:00:47,020
23
+ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† Chronic slowly
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:47,020 --> 00:00:51,700
27
+ progressive neurodegenerative
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:51,700 --> 00:00:59,080
31
+ disorder characterized by loss of pigmented
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:59,080 --> 00:01:04,240
35
+ neurons loss of pigmented neurons ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ pigmented
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:01:04,240 --> 00:01:07,160
39
+ neurons ุจุชูุฑุฒ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง pigmented
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:01:07,160 --> 00:01:14,760
43
+ dopaminergic neurons ูˆุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ in the substantia
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:01:14,760 --> 00:01:18,820
47
+ nigra ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ substantia nigra ุฅูŠุด ุจุชุณุจุจุŸ
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:18,820 --> 00:01:27,920
51
+ causing tremor at rest muscle rigidity bradykinesia
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:27,920 --> 00:01:31,940
55
+ and often associated with dementia ุงู„ุชุนุฑูŠู ุจุชุงุน
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:31,940 --> 00:01:36,140
59
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ู„ุฎุตู†ุง ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุฃู† ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:36,140 --> 00:01:42,140
63
+ chronic slowly progressive neurodegenerative
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:42,140 --> 00:01:47,700
67
+ disorder characterized by loss of pigmented
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:47,700 --> 00:01:53,760
71
+ dopaminergic neurons caused by ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ูˆุงุญุฏ
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:54,800 --> 00:01:59,120
75
+ resting Tremor ุงุซู†ูŠู† Muscle Rigidity ุซู„ุงุซุฉ
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:59,120 --> 00:02:04,200
79
+ Bradykinesia ุฃูˆ Hypokinesia and often associated
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:02:04,200 --> 00:02:08,340
83
+ with dementia ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ู†ุงุชุฌ ุนู† ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ ุฅูุฑุงุฒ
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:02:08,340 --> 00:02:11,740
87
+ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ substantia nigra ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:02:11,740 --> 00:02:18,620
91
+ middle brain ุจุณุจุจู†ุง Tremor at rest Muscle Rigidity
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:20,630 --> 00:02:24,630
95
+ bradykinesia ุฃูˆ ู‡ูŠุจูˆูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒูŠุง ุจุทุก ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ูˆ
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:24,630 --> 00:02:32,310
99
+ dementia ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ู„ุฃ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ู…ุน ุนู…ุฑู‡ ูŠุญุฏุซ ุนู†ุฏู‡
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:32,310 --> 00:02:35,470
103
+ ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ ุงู„ู€ dopaminergic neurons ู„ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ู‡ ุณูŠุจุฏุฃ
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:35,470 --> 00:02:39,370
107
+ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู…ุฑุถ ุงุณู…ู‡ Parkinson disease ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูŠูƒูˆู†
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:39,370 --> 00:02:45,950
111
+ compensated ู…ุชู‰ ุจูŠุธู‡ุฑ ุนู„ุงู…ุงุช ู…ุฑุถ Parkinson ููŠ ุญุงู„
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:48,040 --> 00:02:54,120
115
+ ุญุฏุซ ู†ู‚ุต ุฃูˆ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ููŠ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุฎู…ุณูŠู† ู„ุณุชูŠู† ููŠ
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:54,120 --> 00:02:58,160
119
+ ุงู„ู…ุฆุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ dopaminergic containing neurons ููŠ
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:58,160 --> 00:03:02,000
123
+ ุงู„ู€ substantia nigra ุฃูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฎุฒูˆู† ุงู„ุงุญุชูŠุงุทูŠ ุณุจุนูŠู†
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:03:02,000 --> 00:03:06,680
127
+ ู„ุซู…ุงู†ูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฆุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ Corpus
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:03:06,680 --> 00:03:12,700
131
+ striata ู…ู† ุฃูŠู† ุฃุชู‰ ู…ุฑุถ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู†ุŸ ู„ู„ูŠูˆู… ุจุณู…ุน ู…ุฑุถ
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:03:12,700 --> 00:03:17,920
135
+ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุณู†ุฉ ุฃู„ู ูˆุชู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆุณุจุนูŠู† ู„ู†ุจุง ููŠ
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:17,920 --> 00:03:25,360
139
+ ุจุฑูŠุทุงู†ูŠุง ุฌูŠู…ุณ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุฃูˆู„ ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ูƒุชุจ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ู‡ุฐุง
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:25,360 --> 00:03:30,320
143
+ ูˆุณู…ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ shaking palsy shaking palsy ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุดู„ู„
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:30,320 --> 00:03:34,040
147
+ ุงู„ุฑุนุงุด ูˆุงู„ูŠูˆู… ู†ุณู…ุน ุนู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุฃู†ู‡ ุดู„ู„ ุงู„ุฑุนุงุด ุฃูˆ
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:34,040 --> 00:03:39,330
151
+ ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ Parkinson disease ู…ุฑุถ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู†. ุงุชูˆูู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุฌูŠู…ุณ
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:39,330 --> 00:03:43,450
155
+ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุณู†ุฉ ุฃู„ู ุซู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆุนุดุฑูŠู†. ูˆููŠ ูุฑู†ุณุง ููŠ
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:43,450 --> 00:03:48,830
159
+ ุจุงุฑูŠุณ ุฌูŠู… ู…ุงุฑุชู† ุชุดุงุฑูƒูˆุช ุณู…ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุจุงุณู… ุฌูŠู…ุณ
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:48,830 --> 00:03:52,870
163
+ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุงุญุชุฑุงู…ุง ู„ู‡ ูˆุณู…ู‰ Parkinson disease ูŠุจู‚ู‰
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:52,870 --> 00:03:56,250
167
+ ุฌูŠู…ุณ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุณู…ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ shaking palsy ุนุงุด
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:56,250 --> 00:04:00,430
171
+ ูˆุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ุชูˆููŠ ุชู… ุชุณู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุจุงุณู… ุฌูŠู…ุณ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู†
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:04:00,430 --> 00:04:05,910
175
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงุณู…ู‡ ูˆุณู…ูˆู‡ Parkinson disease ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ James
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:04:05,910 --> 00:04:09,410
179
+ Parkinson ูˆู„ุฏ ุณู†ุฉ ุฃู„ู ุณุจุนู…ุงุฆุฉ ูˆุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุฎู…ุณูŠู† ูˆุชูˆููŠ
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:04:09,410 --> 00:04:13,910
183
+ ุณู†ุฉ ุฃู„ู ูˆุซู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆุนุดุฑูŠู† ูˆุฃูˆู„ ู…ุง ูƒุชุจ ุนู† ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:13,910 --> 00:04:18,050
187
+ ุณู…ุงู‡ shaking palsy ููŠ ู„ู†ุฏู† ุณู†ุฉ ุฃู„ู ูˆุซู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆุณุจุนุฉ
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:18,050 --> 00:04:24,990
191
+ ุนุดุฑ ุฃุจูˆ ุนู…ุงุฑ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูŠุฑุญู…ู‡ ูˆุงู„ุจุงุจุง ูŠูˆุญู†ุง ุจูˆู„ุณ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ุญู…ุฏ ุนู„ูŠ ูƒู„ุงูŠ ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ู…ุตุงุจูŠู† ุจู…ุฑุถ
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:24,990 --> 00:04:28,750
195
+ Parkinson ู…ุตุงุจูŠู† ุจู…ุฑุถ Parkinson
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:28,750 --> 00:04:31,470
199
+ ู…ุตุงุจูŠู† ุจู…ุฑุถ Parkinson
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:35,720 --> 00:04:40,180
203
+ ุนู„ู‰ Epidemiology of Parkinson Disease Parkinson
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:40,180 --> 00:04:44,400
207
+ Disease is the most common neurodegenerative
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:04:44,400 --> 00:04:49,960
211
+ disease after Alzheimer ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ second most
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:04:49,960 --> 00:04:55,200
215
+ common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:04:55,200 --> 00:04:57,120
219
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Alzheimer ุจูŠุญุชู„ ุงู„ู…ุฑุชุจุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:04:57,120 --> 00:05:01,200
223
+ neurodegenerative ูˆุจุนุฏู‡ ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ Parkinson Disease
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:05:01,200 --> 00:05:06,320
227
+ ุงู„ู€ annual incidence ู…ู† ุฎู…ุณุฉ ู„ุณุชุฉ ูˆุนุดุฑูŠู† ูƒู„ ู…ุงุฆุฉ ุฃู„ู
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:05:06,320 --> 00:05:11,140
231
+ ููŠ ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒุง ุนุดุฑูŠู† ู„ูƒู„ ู…ุงุฆุฉ ุฃู„ู ุงู„ู€ age of onset ุฎู…ุณูŠู†
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:11,140 --> 00:05:16,960
235
+ ุณู† ุงู„ุฎู…ุณูŠู† ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุงู„ู€ peak ุชุงุน ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุณุชูŠู†
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:16,960 --> 00:05:21,680
239
+ ุฎู…ุณูŠู† ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุณุชูŠู† ุจุนุฏ ุณู† ุงู„ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุณุชูŠู† ุจูŠุญุฏุซ decline
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:21,680 --> 00:05:26,720
243
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุจูŠุตูŠุจ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุณู† ู…ู† ุฎู…ุณูŠู† ู„ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุณุชูŠู† ุจุนุฏ
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:26,720 --> 00:05:32,180
247
+ ุณู† ุงู„ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุณุชูŠู† ุจูŠุญุฏุซ decline ูˆุจูŠู†ุฎูุถ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:32,180 --> 00:05:36,200
251
+ ู‡ุฐุง 4 ุฅู„ู‰ 10% ู…ู† ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุฌูŠุกูˆุง ู‚ุจู„ ุณู† ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุนูŠู†
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:05:36,200 --> 00:05:42,160
255
+ ู„ูƒู† ุฅุฐุง ุจุฏุก ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ู‡ุฐุง ู‚ุจู„ ุณู† ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุนูŠู† ู„ุงุฒู… ู†ุนู…ู„ work
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:05:42,160 --> 00:05:45,920
259
+ up good work up ุชูˆูƒุณูŠูƒู„ูˆุฏ secondary parkinsonism
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:05:45,920 --> 00:05:49,720
263
+ ุชูˆูƒุณูŠูƒู„ูˆุฏูŠุช ูŠูˆู…ุงุฑ ูˆูŠู„ุณูˆู† disease and other
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:05:49,720 --> 00:05:54,880
267
+ neurodegenerative disease and others focal brain
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:05:54,880 --> 00:06:01,320
271
+ damage 6 ุงู„ู€ incidence ุงู„ู…ูŠู„ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ูู…ูŠู„ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:01,320 --> 00:06:06,480
275
+ ู„ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุงู„ู€ ratio Familial Incidence 95% ู…ู† ู…ุฑุถ
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:06,480 --> 00:06:10,380
279
+ ุงู„ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู† Sporadic Cases Sporadic Cases ูˆ
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:10,380 --> 00:06:17,520
283
+ ูู‚ุท 5% ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง Familial Ideology of Parkinson
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:17,520 --> 00:06:22,280
287
+ Disease Most cases of Parkinson Disease are
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:06:22,280 --> 00:06:26,760
291
+ idiopathic ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง Sporadic Cases ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง due
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:06:26,760 --> 00:06:29,320
295
+ to combination of genetic and environmental
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:06:29,320 --> 00:06:36,120
299
+ factors Theory ุฃู‡ู… ุดูŠุก accelerated aging ุฃู‡ู… risk
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:06:36,120 --> 00:06:41,860
303
+ factor ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน Parkinson disease is age gene
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:06:41,860 --> 00:06:46,900
307
+ mutation environmental factor ุงู„ุนูˆุงู…ู„ ุงู„ุจูŠุฆูŠุฉ ูˆ
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:06:46,900 --> 00:06:52,160
311
+ ุงู„ุนูˆุงู…ู„ ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠุฉ ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุจูŠุดุชุบู„ ููŠ ู…ุตู†ุน ู…ู† ุจูˆุฏุงุช
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:06:52,160 --> 00:06:57,880
315
+ ุญุดุฑุงุช ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุจุชุนุฑุถ ู„ุณู…ูˆู… ุฅู†ุณุงู† life experience
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:06:57,880 --> 00:07:02,980
319
+ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง ูˆุจูŠุดุชุบู„ูˆุง ู…ู„ุงูƒู… ุฃูˆ ู…ุตุงุฑุนูŠ ุฒูŠ
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:02,980 --> 00:07:06,780
323
+ ู…ุญู…ุฏ ุนู„ูŠ ูƒู„ุงูŠ ูˆุจุชุนุฑุถูˆุง ู„ู€ recurrent head trauma ูƒู„
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:06,780 --> 00:07:12,140
327
+ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑ ุฅู„ู‰ Parkinson what's the risk factor
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:07:19,430 --> 00:07:25,450
331
+ ุงู„ุนู…ุฑ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุณู† ู‡ูˆ ุฃู‡ู… risk factor ุงุซู†ุงู† genetic
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:07:25,450 --> 00:07:31,110
335
+ factors ูˆุฌุฏูˆุง ุฃู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… monozygotic ู…ู†
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:07:31,110 --> 00:07:35,730
339
+ ุจู‚ุงูŠุง ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ู€ Parkinson ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุฃุนู„ู‰ ู…ู†
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:07:35,730 --> 00:07:40,210
343
+ ุงู„ู€ dizygotic ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ุนุงู…ู„ ุงู„ูˆุฑุงุซูŠ ู„ู‡ ุฏูˆุฑ
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:07:40,210 --> 00:07:45,990
347
+ Male 6 ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ male ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ female ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู„ุงุซู†ูŠู†
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:07:47,270 --> 00:07:52,450
351
+ environmental factors ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนุฑุถูˆุง ู„ุนู…ู„ ู…ุน
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:07:52,450 --> 00:07:58,310
355
+ ุณู…ูˆู… ู…ุจูŠุฏุงุช ุญุดุฑูŠุฉ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃูˆ heavy metals ูƒู„ู‡ ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑ
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:07:58,310 --> 00:08:03,570
359
+ ุฅู„ู‰ neurodegeneration life experience ุงุชูƒู„ู…ุช ู…ุนูƒู…
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:08:03,570 --> 00:08:08,270
363
+ ุนู† ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู€ recurrent trauma ู…ุซู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจูŠุนู…ู„
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:08:08,270 --> 00:08:15,910
367
+ ู…ู„ุงูƒู… ู…ุตุงุฑุน ุงู„ู€ recurrent emotional stress ุทูŠุจ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:08:15,910 --> 00:08:20,370
371
+ cigarette smoking and caffeine intake ุงู„ู†ุงุณ
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:08:20,370 --> 00:08:25,230
375
+ ุงู„ู…ุฏุฎู†ูŠู† ูˆุจูŠุดุฑุจูˆุง ู‚ู‡ูˆุฉ ูˆุฌุฏูˆุง inverse correlation
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:08:25,230 --> 00:08:29,150
379
+ between cigarette smoking, caffeine intake and
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:08:29,150 --> 00:08:31,170
383
+ Parkinson disease ูˆู…ุด Parkinson ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูˆุญุฏู‡
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:08:31,170 --> 00:08:35,190
387
+ Alzheimer ูˆุฌุฏูˆุง ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู…ุฏุฎู†ูŠู† ูˆุจูŠุดุฑุจูˆุง ู‚ู‡ูˆุฉ ูƒุซูŠุฑ
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:08:35,190 --> 00:08:40,150
391
+ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ู€ Parkinson ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฏุฎู†ูŠู†
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:08:40,150 --> 00:08:44,310
395
+ ู‡ุฐุง ู„ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ู†ุง ู†ุญู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ุชุฏุฎูŠู† ุงู„ุชุฏุฎูŠู†
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:08:44,310 --> 00:08:51,450
399
+ ู…ูƒุฑูˆู‡ ูˆู…ุญุฑู… anatomy of ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ุณุงูˆุฆู‡ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ู…ุง ู†ูู‡ู…ู‡
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:08:51,450 --> 00:09:01,610
403
+ anatomy of basal nuclei ุงู„ุชุญูƒู… ุจุงู„ุชุญุฑูƒ ุงู„ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠ ูŠุชู…
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:09:01,610 --> 00:09:07,330
407
+ ุชุฃุซูŠุฑู‡ ุนู† ุงู„ุชุนุงู…ู„ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ ูˆุงู„ุณูŠุจูŠู„ูŠุฑ
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:09:07,330 --> 00:09:12,490
411
+ ูˆุงู„ุฅูƒุณุชุฑุงุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ ูˆุงู„ุณูŠุณุชู… ู…ุน ุชุฌู‡ูŠุฒุฉ ู„ุฌุฐุจ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู…
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:09:12,490 --> 00:09:23,340
415
+ ุฃูˆ ู„ุฌุฐุจ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ุงู„ูƒุฑู†ูŠุฉ ููŠ ู‚ุดุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฅูŠุด
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:09:23,340 --> 00:09:28,700
419
+ extrapyramidal nervous systemุŸ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† paired
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:09:28,700 --> 00:09:33,280
423
+ subcortical collection ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุจูŠุฒุง
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:09:33,280 --> 00:09:37,320
427
+ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฆูŠ ุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ุจูŠุฒุง ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฆูŠุŒ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง red
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:09:37,320 --> 00:09:41,580
431
+ nucleus ูˆ substantia nigraุŒ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุชุงุจุน ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:09:41,580 --> 00:09:45,600
435
+ extrapyramidal nervous system ูˆ subthalamus ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:09:45,600 --> 00:09:48,980
439
+ ุชุงุจุน ู„ู„ุฏูŠุงู†ุณูŠูุฑูˆู† ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ functional ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุชู‡
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:09:48,980 --> 00:09:51,540
443
+ ุจุงู„ุจูŠุฒุง ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ุฃูˆ ุจุงู„ extrapyramidal nervous
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:09:51,540 --> 00:09:57,290
447
+ system ู…ุงุดูŠ ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุจูŠุฒุง ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ุงู„ุจูŠุฒุง ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ุชุชูƒูˆู†
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:09:57,290 --> 00:10:04,250
451
+ ู…ู† ูƒูˆุฏุงุช ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู€ 24 ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุชุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู†
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:10:04,250 --> 00:10:09,810
455
+ ุจูŠูˆุชุงู…ูŠู† and ุบู„ูˆุจุงุณ ุจุงู„ูŠุฏุงุณ ุฃู…ูŠุฌุฏุงู„ูˆูŠุฏ ุจุงุฏูŠ and
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:10:09,810 --> 00:10:18,370
459
+ ูƒู„ุงูˆุณุฑุงู… ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุฑูƒูŠุจุชู‡ู… ู„ู„ุจูŠุฒุง ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ู†ุญู† ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ุฏู‚ู†ุง
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:10:18,370 --> 00:10:23,230
463
+ ุงู„ูƒูˆุฏุงุช ู‡ุชุฏู‚ูˆุง ุงู„ูƒูˆุฏุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ู†ุชูŠููˆุฑู… ุชุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู†
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:10:23,230 --> 00:10:28,830
467
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุดุฑุญุชู‡
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:10:28,830 --> 00:10:32,850
471
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุจูŠุฒุง ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ุชุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† Large ูˆ Lateral ูˆ Dark
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:10:32,850 --> 00:10:38,450
475
+ part ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุจูŠูˆุชุงู…ูŠู† ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุบู„ูˆุจุงุณ ุจุงู„ูŠุฏุงุณ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:10:38,450 --> 00:10:42,690
479
+ medium and small light ูˆู‡ูŠ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ูƒู…ุงู† ุงู„ู‡ุฏุก ูˆุงู„ูƒูˆุฏุงุช
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:10:42,690 --> 00:10:43,270
483
+ ุงู„ูƒูˆุฏุงุช
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:10:47,910 --> 00:10:52,630
487
+ ู„ูˆ ุฌู…ุนุชู‡ู… ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… Corpus striatum Corpus
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:10:52,630 --> 00:10:58,970
491
+ striatum ูˆู„ูˆ ุฃุชูŠู†ุง ุฑูุนู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ู†ุชูŠููˆุฑู… ุฑูุนู†ุง globus
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:10:58,970 --> 00:11:02,850
495
+ pallidus ูˆุฌู…ุนู†ุง ุงู„ุจูŠูˆุชุงู…ูŠู† ู…ุน ุงู„ูƒูˆุฏุงุช ู…ุน ุจุนุถ
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:11:02,850 --> 00:11:08,670
499
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ striatum ุฃูˆ neo striatum striatum ุฃูˆ neo
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:11:08,670 --> 00:11:16,170
503
+ striatum ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ู‡ู… ุฏูˆุฑ ููŠ ุชุฎุฒูŠู† ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ููŠ ู…ุฑุถ
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:11:16,170 --> 00:11:20,310
507
+ ุงู„ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฎุฒูˆู† ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† 70 ู„ู€ 80%
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:11:20,310 --> 00:11:26,730
511
+ ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ุนู„ุงู…ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุดู„ู„ ุงู„ุฑุนุงุด ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูƒูˆุฏูŠุฉ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:11:26,730 --> 00:11:34,030
515
+ ู…ุซู„ ุญุฑู ุงู„ู€ C ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ head body ูˆ tail ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:11:34,030 --> 00:11:41,520
519
+ tail ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ amygdaloid body Substantia Negra
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:11:41,520 --> 00:11:49,100
523
+ Substantia Negra ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุตุฏุฑ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:11:49,100 --> 00:11:55,360
527
+ ุชู„ุนุจ ุฏูˆุฑ ู‡ูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ subthalamus Substantia Negra
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:11:55,360 --> 00:12:03,780
531
+ Substantia
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:12:03,780 --> 00:12:09,250
535
+ Negra ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ mid brain ูˆุงู„ู€ subthalamus ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:12:09,250 --> 00:12:12,230
539
+ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ diencephalon ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุชุดุฑูŠุญูŠุฉ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ู‡ุฐูˆู„
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:12:12,230 --> 00:12:18,410
543
+ ุงุนุชุจุฑูˆุง ุฃุดูŠุงุก ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ subthalamus ุงู„ู€ diencephalon ูˆ
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:12:18,410 --> 00:12:22,760
547
+ substantia midbrain ู„ูƒู† ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ physiology Good
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:12:22,760 --> 00:12:27,760
551
+ relation between the subthalamus and a substantia
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:12:27,760 --> 00:12:32,940
555
+ nigra ูŠุนุชุจุฑ substantia nigra ูˆ ุงู„ู€ subthalamus ู…ู†
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:12:32,940 --> 00:12:36,160
559
+ ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ูุณูŠูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุชู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ extra pyramidal
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:12:36,160 --> 00:12:40,600
563
+ nervous system the neurons of the substantia nigra
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:12:40,600 --> 00:12:46,320
567
+ are dopaminergic ุจูุฑุฒ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ููŠ
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:12:46,320 --> 00:12:51,710
571
+ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ูˆ
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:12:51,710 --> 00:12:55,970
575
+ ุงู„ู€ acetylcholine ู…ุชุณุงูˆูŠูŠู†ุŒ ููŠ balance ุจูŠู†ู‡ู…ุŒ ููŠ
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:12:55,970 --> 00:13:00,670
579
+ balance ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ acetylcholine ูˆุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†ุŒ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:13:00,670 --> 00:13:04,370
583
+ inhibitoryุŒ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ inhibition ูˆ ุงู„ู€ acetylcholine
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:13:04,370 --> 00:13:09,490
587
+ excitationุŒ stimulationุŒ ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ูƒูุฉ ู…ุชุณุงูˆูŠุฉ
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:13:09,490 --> 00:13:16,040
591
+ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุจู‚ู„ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†ุŒ
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:13:16,040 --> 00:13:20,920
595
+ ุจุชู‚ู„ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†ุŒ ู…ุฏุงู… ู‚ู„ุช ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†ุŒ ู†ุณุจุฉ
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:13:20,920 --> 00:13:27,420
599
+ ูˆุชู†ุงุณุจ ุฒุงุฏ ุงู„ู€ acetylcholineุŒ ุจุญุฏุซ disbalanceุŒ
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:13:28,180 --> 00:13:31,000
603
+ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Normal Condition and Normal Population
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:13:31,000 --> 00:13:34,480
607
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุงู„ู€ Acetylcholine ุงู„ูƒูˆู„ูŠู†ุฑุฌูŠูƒ ุงู„ู€
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:13:34,480 --> 00:13:37,820
611
+ Excitation ูˆ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†ูŠุฑุฌูŠูƒ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:13:37,820 --> 00:13:43,840
615
+ ุงู„ู€ inhibition ููŠ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… Balance ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุญุฏุซ ู†ู‚ุต ุฃูˆ
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:13:43,840 --> 00:13:50,130
619
+ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ููŠ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ูƒูุฉ ู…ูŠู† ุฑุงุญ ุชุฑุฌุญ ุงู„ู€
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:13:50,130 --> 00:13:53,610
623
+ cholinergic ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ excitation ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:13:53,610 --> 00:13:57,130
627
+ ู…ุฑุถ ุงุณู…ู‡ Parkinson disease ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ุนุฑูู†ุง ููŠ
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:13:57,130 --> 00:14:01,330
631
+ Parkinson disease ู†ุณุจุฉ ูˆุชู†ุงุณุจ ุฑุงุญ ุงู†ุฎูุถ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:14:01,330 --> 00:14:04,290
635
+ ูˆุฒุงุฏ ุงู„ู€ acetylcholine ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ acetylcholine ู…ุง ุฒุงุฏ
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:14:04,290 --> 00:14:09,610
639
+ ู‡ูˆ ุฃู† ุงู†ุฎูุถ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุฏูŠ ูู‚ุฏูˆุง ุงู„ู€
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:14:09,610 --> 00:14:14,130
643
+ balance ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ูˆุญุฏุซ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ูˆ
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:14:14,130 --> 00:14:19,760
647
+ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ acetylcholine ู†ุณุจุฉ ูˆุชู†ุงุณุจ ููŠ good contact
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:14:19,760 --> 00:14:23,000
651
+ ูˆ good connections between the substantia nigra in
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:14:23,000 --> 00:14:27,220
655
+ the midbrain with globus pallidus with lentiform
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:14:27,220 --> 00:14:30,820
659
+ nucleus ุฃูˆ ู…ุน ุงู„ุณุชุฑูŠุงุชู… ูƒุงู† ููŠ good connection
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:14:30,820 --> 00:14:38,700
663
+ between substantia nigra and basal nuclei ููŠ
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:14:38,700 --> 00:14:44,660
667
+ pathway ุงุณู…ู‡ Nigro striatum pathway Nigro striatum
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:14:44,660 --> 00:14:48,840
671
+ pathway ู‡ุฐุง Nigro striatum pathway ุจูŠุนู…ู„ connection
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:14:48,840 --> 00:14:54,140
675
+ between substantia nigra and ุงู„ุจูŠุฒุงู† ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:14:54,140 --> 00:15:00,820
679
+ Nigro striatum pathway between mid brain and
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:15:00,820 --> 00:15:05,120
683
+ striatum ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:15:05,880 --> 00:15:10,440
687
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Substantia Negra ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ cerebral
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:15:10,440 --> 00:15:16,460
691
+ peduncles ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ middle brain ููŠู‡ good
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:15:16,460 --> 00:15:20,420
695
+ connections ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ Substantia Negra ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุจูŠุฒุง
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:15:20,420 --> 00:15:24,960
699
+ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒูŠู„ูŠุงูŠ ุฃูˆ striatum ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ pathway ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:15:24,960 --> 00:15:28,640
703
+ ุจูŠุณู…ูŠ ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ู€ Nigro striatum pathway ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:15:28,640 --> 00:15:33,760
707
+ Substantia Negra ุจุชู… ุฅูุฑุงุฒ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ูˆุชุฎุฒูŠู†ู‡ ููŠ
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:15:33,760 --> 00:15:42,570
711
+ ุงู„ู€ striatum ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:15:42,570 --> 00:15:46,470
715
+ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุฃู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ุฑุถ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุฑุงุญ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ู†ู‚ุต ูˆุงู†ุฎูุงุถ
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:15:46,470 --> 00:15:52,850
719
+ ููŠ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุนู†ุฏ
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:15:52,850 --> 00:15:56,850
723
+ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ corpus striatum ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† balance
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:15:56,850 --> 00:16:00,320
727
+ between cholinergic neurons ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฃุณูŠุชุงูŠู„ ูƒู„ูŠู†
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:16:00,320 --> 00:16:04,500
731
+ ูˆุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†ูŠุฑุฌูŠูƒ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ู†ูุณู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:16
735
+
736
+ 201
737
+ 00:17:22,030 --> 00:17:27,370
738
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ healthy person ูˆู‡ู†ุง substantia nigra
739
+
740
+ 202
741
+ 00:17:27,370 --> 00:17:31,270
742
+ more pale ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ Parkinson disease
743
+
744
+ 203
745
+ 00:17:31,270 --> 00:17:34,990
746
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ normal ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ Parkinson disease
747
+
748
+ 204
749
+ 00:17:34,990 --> 00:17:38,210
750
+ classification
751
+
752
+ 205
753
+ 00:17:38,210 --> 00:17:40,130
754
+ of parkinsonism
755
+
756
+ 206
757
+ 00:17:42,140 --> 00:17:48,720
758
+ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† 85% ู…ู† ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆู† idiopathic
759
+
760
+ 207
761
+ 00:17:48,720 --> 00:17:55,580
762
+ idiopathic ู„ูƒู† ููŠ 15% ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู† secondary parkinsonism
763
+
764
+ 208
765
+ 00:17:55,580 --> 00:18:00,460
766
+ idiopathic ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† drug induced parkinsonism ููŠ
767
+
768
+ 209
769
+ 00:18:00,460 --> 00:18:05,140
770
+ ู…ุฑุถู‰ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุฃุฎุฐูˆุง ุฃุฏูˆูŠุฉ antipsychotic drugs ู‡ุฐู‡
771
+
772
+ 210
773
+ 00:18:05,140 --> 00:18:08,600
774
+ antipsychotic drugs ุฑุงุญ ุชุนู…ู„ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ูˆู†ู‚ุต ู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ
775
+
776
+ 211
777
+ 00:18:08,600 --> 00:18:14,180
778
+ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ูˆุชุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ extrapyramidal manifestation as
779
+
780
+ 212
781
+ 00:18:14,180 --> 00:18:17,840
782
+ Parkinson ุฃูˆ Parkinsonian syndrome ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ
783
+
784
+ 213
785
+ 00:18:17,840 --> 00:18:21,980
786
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃู†ุง ูƒุทุจูŠุจ ุฃู†ุง ุจุนุฑู ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฏูˆุงุก ุฑุงุญ ูŠุนู…ู„ ุฎูุถ
787
+
788
+ 214
789
+ 00:18:21,980 --> 00:18:26,560
790
+ ู„ู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุฃู†ุง ุจุฑูˆุญ ุจุนุทูŠ ุฏูˆุงุก ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ Artane
791
+
792
+ 215
793
+ 00:18:26,560 --> 00:18:30,440
794
+ ุฃูˆ Trihexyphenidyl ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฏูˆุงุก ุจูŠุฎูุถ ู„ูŠ ูƒู…ุงู† ุงู„
795
+
796
+ 216
797
+ 00:18:30,440 --> 00:18:33,320
798
+ acetylcholine ุงู„ุฃุณุชูŠู„ ูƒูˆู„ูŠู† ุนุดุงู† ุฃุญุงูุธ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
799
+
800
+ 217
801
+ 00:18:33,320 --> 00:18:37,020
802
+ balance ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุง ุฑุงุญ ูŠุญุฏุซ complications
803
+
804
+ 218
805
+ 00:18:37,020 --> 00:18:45,250
806
+ ู„ู„ุฏูˆุงุก 2- Vascular Parkinsonism 3% Toxin-induced
807
+
808
+ 219
809
+ 00:18:45,250 --> 00:18:48,930
810
+ Parkinsonism ู†ุงุชุฌ ุนู† ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุณู…ูˆู… Recurrent Head
811
+
812
+ 220
813
+ 00:18:48,930 --> 00:18:54,560
814
+ Trauma post encephalitis ูˆุถูŠูุฉ ู…ู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ tumor ูŠูˆู…
815
+
816
+ 221
817
+ 00:18:54,560 --> 00:18:57,440
818
+ ุงู„ุฃูŠุงู… ุฌุงู†ูŠ ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู„ู‰ ุนูŠุงุฏุชูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุฃุนุฑุงุถ parkinson's
819
+
820
+ 222
821
+ 00:18:57,440 --> 00:19:02,120
822
+ typical parkinson's disease ุตูˆุฑุชู‡ ACT ู„ู‚ูŠุช ุนู†ุฏู‡
823
+
824
+ 223
825
+ 00:19:02,120 --> 00:19:05,340
826
+ tumor ููŠ ุงู„ substantia nigra ููŠ ุงู„ middle brain ููŠ
827
+
828
+ 224
829
+ 00:19:05,340 --> 00:19:12,400
830
+ tumor ูˆู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุณุจุจ ู„ู†ุง secondary parkinsonism ุงู„ุขู†
831
+
832
+ 225
833
+ 00:19:12,400 --> 00:19:17,060
834
+ ูู‡ู…ู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุตุญ ุงูŠุด ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุขุฎุฑ
835
+
836
+ 226
837
+ 00:19:17,060 --> 00:19:21,750
838
+ ุงู„ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ clinical manifestation
839
+
840
+ 227
841
+ 00:19:21,750 --> 00:19:25,870
842
+ of diseaseุŸ ูƒูŠู ุฃู†ุง ุฃุดุฎุต ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู†ุŸ ุฃู†ุง ุจุฃุดุฎุตู‡
843
+
844
+ 228
845
+ 00:19:25,870 --> 00:19:29,450
846
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุดุงุฑุนุŒ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠู…ุดูŠุŒ ู…ู† ุญุฏ ู…ุง ูŠููˆุช ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุจุงุจ
847
+
848
+ 229
849
+ 00:19:29,450 --> 00:19:32,950
850
+ ุงู„ุนูŠุงุฏุฉุŒ ุจุฃุดุฎุต ุฃู†ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู†ุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„
851
+
852
+ 230
853
+ 00:19:32,950 --> 00:19:39,030
854
+ inspectionุŒ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฃู‡ู… symptoms, tremor at restุŒ
855
+
856
+ 231
857
+ 00:19:39,030 --> 00:19:45,090
858
+ tremor at restุŒ ุงุซู†ูŠู† bradykinesia ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุงูŠู‡ุŸ
859
+
860
+ 232
861
+ 00:19:45,090 --> 00:19:48,550
862
+ generalized slowness of movement ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจูŠู…ุดูŠ
863
+
864
+ 233
865
+ 00:19:48,550 --> 00:19:52,330
866
+ ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ุง shuffling gait shuffling gait ู…ุงุดูŠ ููŠ
867
+
868
+ 234
869
+ 00:19:52,330 --> 00:19:55,750
870
+ flexion ููŠ ุงู„ upper limbs ูˆ flexion ููŠ ุงู„
871
+
872
+ 235
873
+ 00:19:55,750 --> 00:20:00,330
874
+ lower limbs ู…ุน bradykinesia ูˆ tremor ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู…
875
+
876
+ 236
877
+ 00:20:00,330 --> 00:20:04,270
878
+ ู…ุดูŠุชู‡ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุจุทุก ุจุทูŠุฆุฉ ู…ุดูŠุชู‡ู… ูˆ resting ูˆ tremor ุฒูŠ
879
+
880
+ 237
881
+ 00:20:04,270 --> 00:20:07,850
882
+ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ pill rolling ุจูŠู‚ุนุฏ ุจุณุจุญุฉ ุจุณุจุญ
883
+
884
+ 238
885
+ 00:20:10,240 --> 00:20:14,020
886
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุฑุงุฌู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ุงู„ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ู…ุฑุถ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู†
887
+
888
+ 239
889
+ 00:20:14,020 --> 00:20:17,920
890
+ muscle
891
+
892
+ 240
893
+ 00:20:17,920 --> 00:20:21,220
894
+ rigidity ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… muscle plasticity ุฃูˆ rigidity
895
+
896
+ 241
897
+ 00:20:21,220 --> 00:20:27,220
898
+ and postural instability ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุนุชุจุฑ cardinal
899
+
900
+ 242
901
+ 00:20:27,220 --> 00:20:33,400
902
+ symptoms of Parkinson disease ูˆุงุญุฏ bradykinesia ุฃูˆ
903
+
904
+ 243
905
+ 00:20:33,400 --> 00:20:39,220
906
+ hypokinesia ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุทุก ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ 2-resting tremors 3
907
+
908
+ 244
909
+ 00:20:39,220 --> 00:20:44,320
910
+ -muscle rigidity 4-postural instability ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ
911
+
912
+ 245
913
+ 00:20:44,320 --> 00:20:47,880
914
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู…ุง ู…ุงุดูŠ ู…ุง ููŠุด ุซู‚ุฉ ููŠ ู…ุดูŠุชู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงูŠุด ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡
915
+
916
+ 246
917
+ 00:20:47,880 --> 00:20:53,850
918
+ disbalance ูˆุงุถุญ ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู…ุน ุงู„ุจุดุฑุฉ disability ู…ู…ูƒู†
919
+
920
+ 247
921
+ 00:20:53,850 --> 00:20:57,290
922
+ ุงูŠู‡ ูŠุญุฏุซ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุณุฑุนุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ูŠุณุฑุน ุนุดุงู† ูŠุญุงูุธ
923
+
924
+ 248
925
+ 00:20:57,290 --> 00:21:01,930
926
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ imbalance ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ู…ูŠู„ ู„ู„ุฃู…ุงู… ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡
927
+
928
+ 249
929
+ 00:21:01,930 --> 00:21:05,390
930
+ difficulty rising from sitting position ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ
931
+
932
+ 250
933
+ 00:21:05,390 --> 00:21:08,970
934
+ ุตุจุงุญู‹ุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูƒุฑุจุด ู…ุด ู‚ุงุฏุฑ ูŠุชุญุฑูƒ ููŠ
935
+
936
+ 251
937
+ 00:21:08,970 --> 00:21:13,370
938
+ difficulty ููŠ initiation of movement ูƒุฌูˆูŠุฉ ูู†ูˆู…ู†ุง
939
+
940
+ 252
941
+ 00:21:13,370 --> 00:21:16,510
942
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู„ูˆ ูุญุตู†ุง muscle rigidity muscle tone
943
+
944
+ 253
945
+ 00:21:16,510 --> 00:21:19,410
946
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู†ูุณ ุงู„ terrace ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงูŠู‡ ุฏูˆุด ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฒูŠ
947
+
948
+ 254
949
+ 00:21:19,410 --> 00:21:20,750
950
+ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฒูŠ terrace ู…ุงุดูŠ
951
+
952
+ 255
953
+ 00:21:23,960 --> 00:21:28,560
954
+ ุฎุงุตุฉ ู„ู…ุง ู†ูƒูˆู† ู†ู‚ุน trimmer ูˆุนู†ุฏู‡ู… resting trimmer
955
+
956
+ 256
957
+ 00:21:28,560 --> 00:21:32,460
958
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู†ุธุงู… ุจุงู„ rolling ุจุงู„ rolling ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ูˆุงุญุฏ
959
+
960
+ 257
961
+ 00:21:32,460 --> 00:21:36,560
962
+ ุฌุงุน ุจูŠุณุจุญ ููŠ trimmer ุจูŠู† ุงู„ thumb ูˆ ุงู„ four
963
+
964
+ 258
965
+ 00:21:36,560 --> 00:21:42,020
966
+ fingers ููŠ ุงู„ rest ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ู†ุจุฏุฃ
967
+
968
+ 259
969
+ 00:21:42,020 --> 00:21:48,520
970
+ ุจุฃูˆู„ ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ rest trimmer rest trimmer ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
971
+
972
+ 260
973
+ 00:21:50,090 --> 00:21:56,190
974
+ most common first symptom ุณุจุนูŠู† ู„ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุณุจุนูŠู† ููŠ
975
+
976
+ 261
977
+ 00:21:56,190 --> 00:22:02,590
978
+ ุงู„ู…ูŠู‡ ู…ู† ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุฃูˆ ู…ุฑุถ ุดู„ู„ ุงู„ุฑุนุงุด ุจูŠุจุฏูˆ
979
+
980
+ 262
981
+ 00:22:02,590 --> 00:22:08,130
982
+ ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ rest tremor ูˆุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู† ู†ุธุงู… ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุจุงู„
983
+
984
+ 263
985
+ 00:22:08,130 --> 00:22:12,750
986
+ rolling ุจุงู„ ุงูŠู‡ rolling between the thumb and four
987
+
988
+ 264
989
+ 00:22:12,750 --> 00:22:16,910
990
+ fingers ู„ูƒู† ู„ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู† ูƒู„ ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠูƒูˆู†
991
+
992
+ 265
993
+ 00:22:16,910 --> 00:22:20,310
994
+ ู…ุนุงู‡ู… rest tremor ุนุดุฑูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ
995
+
996
+ 266
997
+ 00:22:20,310 --> 00:22:23,750
998
+ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… muscle rigidity only without
999
+
1000
+ 267
1001
+ 00:22:23,750 --> 00:22:29,270
1002
+ resting tremor ุทุจ what is the character of resting
1003
+
1004
+ 268
1005
+ 00:22:29,270 --> 00:22:32,490
1006
+ tremorุŸ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ character ุจุชุงุน resting tremorุŸ ูˆุงุญุฏ
1007
+
1008
+ 269
1009
+ 00:22:32,490 --> 00:22:39,170
1010
+ tremor at rest ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุฑุงุญุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู‡ุฏูˆุก ููŠ ุงู„ุณูƒูˆุช
1011
+
1012
+ 270
1013
+ 00:22:39,170 --> 00:22:43,490
1014
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ tremor ุงุซู†ูŠู† tremor improved with
1015
+
1016
+ 271
1017
+ 00:22:43,490 --> 00:22:48,000
1018
+ movement ู…ุน ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุจุชุญุณู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฑุฌูุฉ ุชุชุญุณู† ู…ุน
1019
+
1020
+ 272
1021
+ 00:22:48,000 --> 00:22:52,920
1022
+ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ tremor disappear during night during
1023
+
1024
+ 273
1025
+ 00:22:52,920 --> 00:22:56,860
1026
+ sleep ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู†ูˆู… ุจูŠุฎุชููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ tremor ุทุจ ุญุฏ ูŠุณุฃู„
1027
+
1028
+ 274
1029
+ 00:22:56,860 --> 00:23:01,020
1030
+ ู„ูŠู‡ ูŠุง ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ุงู„ tremor ุจูŠุฎุชููŠ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ู†ูˆู…ุŸ ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ
1031
+
1032
+ 275
1033
+ 00:23:01,020 --> 00:23:04,590
1034
+ ู„ุฃู† ุงุญู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ู†ู†ุงู… ููŠ ุงู„ brain ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡
1035
+
1036
+ 276
1037
+ 00:23:04,590 --> 00:23:08,390
1038
+ reticular formation ุนู…ุฑู‡ ุญุฏ ู†ุงู… ูˆูŠุดุฏ ุฌุณู…ู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃ
1039
+
1040
+ 277
1041
+ 00:23:08,390 --> 00:23:11,830
1042
+ ู„ุงุฒู… ู†ุฑุชุฎูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ reticular formation ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ู„ู‡
1043
+
1044
+ 278
1045
+ 00:23:11,830 --> 00:23:15,510
1046
+ generalized hypotonia ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ู„ู‡ ุงุณุชุฑุฎุงุก ูƒุงู…ู„ ุนุดุงู†
1047
+
1048
+ 279
1049
+ 00:23:15,510 --> 00:23:18,650
1050
+ ูŠู‚ุฑุฑ ูŠู†ุงู… ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชุนู…ู„ inhibition ู„ู„
1051
+
1052
+ 280
1053
+ 00:23:18,650 --> 00:23:21,690
1054
+ tremor ูˆุจูŠุฎุชููŠ ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ุฑุฌูุฉ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ู†ูˆู…
1055
+
1056
+ 281
1057
+ 00:23:24,990 --> 00:23:29,410
1058
+ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ bradykinesia ุงูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ bradykinesiaุŸ
1059
+
1060
+ 282
1061
+ 00:23:29,410 --> 00:23:33,830
1062
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ hypokinesia ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุทุก ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุจุทุก ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ
1063
+
1064
+ 283
1065
+ 00:23:33,830 --> 00:23:36,870
1066
+ ู„ูŠู‡ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงู‡ู… ุจุทุก ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… muscle
1067
+
1068
+ 284
1069
+ 00:23:36,870 --> 00:23:41,730
1070
+ rigidity ุฌุณู…ู‡ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ุฎุดุจุŒ ู…ุชูŠุจุณ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ slowness of
1071
+
1072
+ 285
1073
+ 00:23:41,730 --> 00:23:46,140
1074
+ movement difficulty with daily activities ูŠุนู†ูŠ
1075
+
1076
+ 286
1077
+ 00:23:46,140 --> 00:23:51,440
1078
+ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุตุนูˆุจุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุญูŠุงุฉ ุงู„ูŠูˆู…ูŠุฉ ูƒุชุงุจุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃูƒู„ ุฃุซู†ุงุก
1079
+
1080
+ 287
1081
+ 00:23:51,440 --> 00:23:55,860
1082
+ ุงู„ุฃูƒู„ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ุญู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุฏู‡ ูƒุงู† ู…ูŠู„ ุชู…ุงู… ููŠ ุงู„ุงุณุชุญู…ุงู… ููŠ
1083
+
1084
+ 288
1085
+ 00:23:55,860 --> 00:23:59,500
1086
+ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ ุงู„ุฑูˆุชูŠู†ูŠ ุจุชุงุนู‡ ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ูƒู„ ุนุถู„ุงุชู‡ ุงูŠู‡ ููŠ
1087
+
1088
+ 289
1089
+ 00:23:59,500 --> 00:24:03,500
1090
+ ูˆุถุน ุฑุฌู„ูŠู‡ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… difficulty initiation of movement
1091
+
1092
+ 290
1093
+ 00:24:04,330 --> 00:24:07,910
1094
+ decreased blinking and slowness of expression
1095
+
1096
+ 291
1097
+ 00:24:07,910 --> 00:24:14,190
1098
+ muscle ุจู„ุงุญุธ ุงู„ูˆุฌู‡ ุจุชุงุนู‡ ุฑู…ุดุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุฎููŠูุฉ ูˆุฌู‡ู‡ ูƒูŠู
1099
+
1100
+ 292
1101
+ 00:24:14,190 --> 00:24:20,370
1102
+ ุฒูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจุงู†ุฌ ู‡ูŠูƒ ู…ู…ุณูˆุญุฉ ุฒูŠ ุงูŠู‡ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง mask like
1103
+
1104
+ 293
1105
+ 00:24:20,370 --> 00:24:25,050
1106
+ appearance ู…ุซู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู„ุงุจุณ mask ูˆุฌู‡ู‡ ู…ุงููŠุด ุชุนุจูŠุฑ
1107
+
1108
+ 294
1109
+ 00:24:25,050 --> 00:24:28,850
1110
+ ู†ุถุญูƒ ู†ุจุชุณู… ู†ูƒุดุฑ ุงู„ุชุนุจูŠุฑ ู‡ุฐุง ุจุชุฎู ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู…ู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ู†
1111
+
1112
+ 295
1113
+ 00:24:28,850 --> 00:24:32,330
1114
+ ุงู„ muscle rigidity ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ mask like appearance ุฃูˆ
1115
+
1116
+ 296
1117
+ 00:24:32,330 --> 00:24:38,020
1118
+ face ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงู‡ู… dysarthriaุŒ dysphagiaุŒ ู„ูŠู‡
1119
+
1120
+ 297
1121
+ 00:24:38,020 --> 00:24:40,860
1122
+ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงู‡ู… dysphagia ูˆ dysarthria ูˆ difficulty in
1123
+
1124
+ 298
1125
+ 00:24:40,860 --> 00:24:45,540
1126
+ masticationุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… oropharyngeal
1127
+
1128
+ 299
1129
+ 00:24:45,540 --> 00:24:48,640
1130
+ muscle rigidityุŒ ู…ู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ oropharyngeal
1131
+
1132
+ 300
1133
+ 00:24:48,640 --> 00:24:51,880
1134
+ muscle rigidityุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุจุชุฃุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุจุชุฃุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰
1135
+
1136
+ 301
1137
+ 00:24:51,880 --> 00:24:55,440
1138
+ difficulty of swallowing and difficulty of
1139
+
1140
+ 302
1141
+ 00:24:55,440 --> 00:24:59,700
1142
+ mastication ููŠ ุงู„ speech ูƒู…ุงู† ุจุชุนู…ู„ ู„ู†ุง dysarthria
1143
+
1144
+ 303
1145
+ 00:24:59,700 --> 00:25:03,700
1146
+ ุงูŠู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุตูˆุชู‡ู…ุŸ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… whispering
1147
+
1148
+ 304
1149
+ 00:25:03,700 --> 00:25:08,260
1150
+ speech ุตูˆุชู‡ู… ู‡ุงูุช ู…ุด ู†ุจุฑุฉ ุงู„ุตูˆุช ุงู„ุนุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
1151
+
1152
+ 305
1153
+ 00:25:08,260 --> 00:25:15,000
1154
+ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู†ู‡ ุฒูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจู‡ู…ุณ ู‡ู…ุณ muscle rigidity ุฃูˆ
1155
+
1156
+ 306
1157
+ 00:25:15,000 --> 00:25:18,160
1158
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง plasticity it is a type of muscle
1159
+
1160
+ 307
1161
+ 00:25:18,160 --> 00:25:22,250
1162
+ hypertonia ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃู†ุง resistant to passive movement,
1163
+
1164
+ 308
1165
+ 00:25:23,330 --> 00:25:27,910
1166
+ a friction flexor and extensor group muscle ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
1167
+
1168
+ 309
1169
+ 00:25:27,910 --> 00:25:30,890
1170
+ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง plasticity ุฃูˆ rigidity type ู„ูƒู† ู„ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู†
1171
+
1172
+ 310
1173
+ 00:25:30,890 --> 00:25:34,690
1174
+ ู…ุนุงู‡ู… trimmer ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง cogwheel quality
1175
+
1176
+ 311
1177
+ 00:25:34,690 --> 00:25:39,170
1178
+ ุฃูˆ cogwheel ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒูŠู ุงู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุจุชุญุฑูƒ ู„ู…ุง ุฃู†ุง ุฃุญุฑูƒ
1179
+
1180
+ 312
1181
+ 00:25:39,170 --> 00:25:42,350
1182
+ ุงู„ูŠุฏ ุฃู†ุง ุจุฃุญุฑูƒู‡ุง ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ูŠ ูƒุนุงุฏ ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ูƒู† ุนู†ุฏ
1183
+
1184
+ 313
1185
+ 00:25:42,350 --> 00:25:47,190
1186
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงูŠุดุŸ ูˆุชุฌูŠู‡ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุชู‚ุทูŠุน ู‡ูŠูƒ ููŠ
1187
+
1188
+ 314
1189
+ 00:25:47,190 --> 00:25:51,990
1190
+ ุฒูŠ ุงูŠู‡ ุชู‚ุทูŠุน ู‡ูŠูƒ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ู‡ุฐูŠ ุจุชุณู…ูŠู‡ุง cogwheel
1191
+
1192
+ 315
1193
+ 00:25:51,990 --> 00:25:58,790
1194
+ phenomenon ุขุฎุฑ symptom ุงู„ gate ู…ุซู„ ู…ุง ู…ุซู„ุช ู„ูƒู…
1195
+
1196
+ 316
1197
+ 00:25:58,790 --> 00:26:03,030
1198
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… shuffling gait difficulty getting out
1199
+
1200
+ 317
1201
+ 00:26:03,030 --> 00:26:06,310
1202
+ of a chair ุฃูˆ rolling over in bed ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจูŠุดูƒูŠ ุฃู†ู‡
1203
+
1204
+ 318
1205
+ 00:26:06,310 --> 00:26:09,630
1206
+ ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑุด ูŠุชุญุฑูƒ ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑุด ูŠู‚ู… ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒุฑุณูŠ ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑุด ูŠู„ู ูˆู‡ูˆ
1207
+
1208
+ 319
1209
+ 00:26:09,630 --> 00:26:15,330
1210
+ ู†ุงูŠู… ููŠ ุงู„ุณุฑูŠุฑ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงู‡ู… ุณู‚ูˆุท ูƒุซูŠุฑ speech
1211
+
1212
+ 320
1213
+ 00:26:15,330 --> 00:26:18,870
1214
+ ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง soft speech whispering rapid speech ุทุจ ูˆ
1215
+
1216
+ 321
1217
+ 00:26:18,870 --> 00:26:21,990
1218
+ ุงู„ูƒุชุงุจุฉ ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ู… ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุตุฑ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ู…
1219
+
1220
+ 322
1221
+ 00:26:21,990 --> 00:26:26,910
1222
+ small a handwriting ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… micrographia
1223
+
1224
+ 323
1225
+ 00:26:26,910 --> 00:26:29,910
1226
+ micro ุงูŠู‡ุŸ micrographia ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฎุทู‡ู… ุตุบูŠุฑ
1227
+
1228
+ 324
1229
+ 00:26:29,910 --> 00:26:35,350
1230
+ micrographia
1231
+
1232
+ 325
1233
+ 00:26:39,600 --> 00:26:43,060
1234
+ additional clinical features of Parkinson disease
1235
+
1236
+ 326
1237
+ 00:26:43,060 --> 00:26:48,000
1238
+ ุงู„ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุจุชุญุฏุซ ู„ู…ุฑุถ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุจุฎุตูˆุต ุงู„
1239
+
1240
+ 327
1241
+ 00:26:48,000 --> 00:26:52,400
1242
+ stability ุนุฏู… ุงู„ุซู‚ุฉ ูˆุนุฏู… ุงู„ุงุชุฒุงู† difficulty of
1243
+
1244
+ 328
1245
+ 00:26:52,400 --> 00:26:56,300
1246
+ the autonomic nervous system ุงูŠู‡ ุจูŠุญุฏุซุŸ
1247
+
1248
+ 329
1249
+ 00:26:56,300 --> 00:27:01,700
1250
+ constipation, bladder dysfunction, excessive
1251
+
1252
+ 330
1253
+ 00:27:01,700 --> 00:27:07,910
1254
+ sweating, greasy skinุŒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุงู„ุฏู‡ู† Sexual
1255
+
1256
+ 331
1257
+ 00:27:07,910 --> 00:27:11,390
1258
+ Difficulty and Insomnia ุฃุฑู‚ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ูˆู… ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰
1259
+
1260
+ 332
1261
+ 00:27:11,390 --> 00:27:17,670
1262
+ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุฏุฎู„ูˆู‡ ููŠ depression, anxiety, psychosis ูˆููŠ
1263
+
1264
+ 333
1265
+ 00:27:17,670 --> 00:27:20,870
1266
+ ุงู„ later stage ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนู‡ู… decline ููŠ ุงู„ cognitive
1267
+
1268
+ 334
1269
+ 00:27:20,870 --> 00:27:24,530
1270
+ function ุจุชุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ dementia ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฃู‡ู„ู‡ ุจูŠุดูƒูˆุง
1271
+
1272
+ 335
1273
+ 00:27:24,530 --> 00:27:30,670
1274
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจูŠู†ุณู‰ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุฎุฑู ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุญุตู„ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู† ุทุจูŠุนุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ
1275
+
1276
+ 336
1277
+ 00:27:30,670 --> 00:27:36,200
1278
+ ููŠ ุงู„ advanced stage of Parkinson disease ู„ุฃู† ุงุชูƒู„ู…
1279
+
1280
+ 337
1281
+ 00:27:36,200 --> 00:27:40,140
1282
+ ุนู„ู‰ drug-induced parkinsonism ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฃู†ูˆุงุน
1283
+
1284
+ 338
1285
+ 00:27:40,140 --> 00:27:44,880
1286
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ parkinsonism ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุฏูˆูŠุฉ ู…ุซู„
1287
+
1288
+ 339
1289
+ 00:27:44,880 --> 00:27:49,740
1290
+ antipsychotic drugs ุงู„ neuroleptic phenothiazine ุฃูˆ
1291
+
1292
+ 340
1293
+ 00:27:49,740 --> 00:27:54,260
1294
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ haloperidol ู‡ุฐู‡ ุญู‚ู†ุฉ ุงุชุนุทุช ู…ุฑุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุดู‡ุฑ ู„ู…ุฑุถ
1295
+
1296
+ 341
1297
+ 00:27:54,260 --> 00:27:59,500
1298
+ ุงู„ุดูŠุฒูˆูุฑูŠู†ูŠุง ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ูุตุงู… ุญู‚ู†ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงุชุนุทุช ู…ุฑุฉ ููŠ
1299
+
1300
+ 342
1301
+ 00:27:59,500 --> 00:28:03,140
1302
+ ุงู„ุดู‡ุฑ ู„ู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจูŠุฉ ุชุจู‚ู‰ ุชุชุงู†ูŠ
1303
+
1304
+ 343
1305
+ 00:28:03,140 --> 00:28:05,720
1306
+ ุงู„ depletion ู„ู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุงุชู†ู‚ุต ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุชู… ุงู„ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ
1307
+
1308
+ 344
1309
+ 00:28:05,720 --> 00:28:09,840
1310
+ ู„ู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงุญู†ุง ุฅุฐุง ู†ุนุทูŠ ุนู„ุงุฌ ุซุงู†ูŠ
1311
+
1312
+ 345
1313
+ 00:28:09,840 --> 00:28:13,720
1314
+ ูŠุนู…ู„ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ู„ู€ Acetylcholine ุนุดุงู† ูŠุญุงูุธ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
1315
+
1316
+ 346
1317
+ 00:28:13,720 --> 00:28:18,300
1318
+ balance ุจูŠู† Acetylcholine ูˆุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰
1319
+
1320
+ 347
1321
+ 00:28:18,300 --> 00:28:22,060
1322
+ ู†ู‚ุต ุงู„ complications ูˆุนุฏู… ูˆุฌูˆุฏ complications ู…ู†
1323
+
1324
+ 348
1325
+ 00:28:22,060 --> 00:28:24,820
1326
+ ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Phenothiazine ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุงุนุทูŠู†ุง ุนู„ุงุฌ
1327
+
1328
+ 349
1329
+ 00:28:24,820 --> 00:28:29,240
1330
+ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ู„ู€ Acetylcholine ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ drug
1331
+
1332
+ 350
1333
+ 00:28:29,240 --> 00:28:33,740
1334
+ induced Parkinsonism ุซุงู†ูŠ Anti emetic drugs
1335
+
1336
+ 351
1337
+ 00:28:33,740 --> 00:28:40,080
1338
+ Metoclopromide ู‡ุฐุง ุนู„ุงุฌ ุจู†ุนุทูŠู‡ ู„ู…ู†ุŸ ู„ู€ ุงู„ vomiting
1339
+
1340
+ 352
1341
+ 00:28:40,080 --> 00:28:43,180
1342
+ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชู‚ูŠุค ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจูŠุฉ ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู†
1343
+
1344
+ 353
1345
+ 00:28:43,180 --> 00:28:47,160
1346
+ ูŠุนู…ู„ ู„ู†ุง extra pyramidal manifestation as dyskinesia
1347
+
1348
+ 354
1349
+ 00:28:47,160 --> 00:28:50,860
1350
+ ุญุฑูƒุงุช ู„ุง ุงุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ ูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุฌู‡ ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ูŠุฏูŠู†
1351
+
1352
+ 355
1353
+ 00:28:50,860 --> 00:28:58,080
1354
+ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุนู„ุงุฌุงุช ุจุชุนู…ู„ block ู„ู„ dopamine receptors ุทูŠุจ
1355
+
1356
+ 356
1357
+ 00:28:58,080 --> 00:29:02,610
1358
+ ุงุญู†ุง ุดุฎุตู†ุง ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุงู„ุขู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน
1359
+
1360
+ 357
1361
+ 00:29:02,610 --> 00:29:07,330
1362
+ ุขุฎุฑ investigations ุงูŠุด ููŠ ูุญูˆุตุงุช ู„ุงุฒู… ู„ู…ุฑุถ
1363
+
1364
+ 358
1365
+ 00:29:07,330 --> 00:29:11,610
1366
+ ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู†ุŸ ู„ุง ู…ุง ููŠ laboratory test ุจูŠุดุฎุต ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู†
1367
+
1368
+ 359
1369
+ 00:29:11,610 --> 00:29:15,990
1370
+ ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุจูŠุดุฎุตู‡ clinically ุจุงู„ุนูŠู† ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ูุญูˆุตุงุช
1371
+
1372
+ 360
1373
+ 00:29:15,990 --> 00:29:20,770
1374
+ ุจู†ุนู…ู„ู‡ุง to exclude other disease ูŠุนู†ูŠ brain CT and
1375
+
1376
+ 361
1377
+ 00:29:20,770 --> 00:29:24,370
1378
+ MRI ุจุชุนู…ู„ ู„ู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† to exclude
1379
+
1380
+ 362
1381
+ 00:29:24,370 --> 00:29:28,790
1382
+ structural lesion ุตูˆุฑ ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู†ุฏู‡ brain tumor ุนู†ุฏู‡
1383
+
1384
+ 363
1385
+ 00:29:28,790 --> 00:29:31,250
1386
+ ูˆุฑู… ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ Substance ูŠุฌุฑู‰ ุฃูˆ ู„ุง
1387
+
1388
+ 364
1389
+ 00:29:31,250 --> 00:29:34,990
1390
+ ุดุฎุตู‡ ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† disease ู„ุง ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุด primary ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ู…ุด
1391
+
1392
+ 365
1393
+ 00:29:34,990 --> 00:29:38,390
1394
+ idiopathic ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ secondary parkinsonism due to
1395
+
1396
+ 366
1397
+ 00:29:38,390 --> 00:29:41,990
1398
+ tumor ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ุงุฒู… ู†ุญุฏุฏ ููŠ focal brain damage ุฃูˆ ู…ุง ููŠ
1399
+
1400
+ 367
1401
+ 00:29:41,990 --> 00:29:48,230
1402
+ functional imaging ููŠ functional imaging ุฃุฌู‡ุฒุฉ
1403
+
1404
+ 368
1405
+ 00:29:48,230 --> 00:29:52,570
1406
+ ุบุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฌุฏู‹ุง ุฒูŠ ุงู„ PET scan ูˆ ุงู„ SPECT ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1407
+
1408
+ 369
1409
+ 00:29:52,570 --> 00:29:55,930
1410
+ positron emission tomography ูˆ single photon
1411
+
1412
+ 370
1413
+ 00:29:55,930 --> 00:30:00,070
1414
+ emission CT ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุณุงุนุฏู†ุง ู„ู€ ุงู„ diagnosis of
1415
+
1416
+ 371
1417
+ 00:30:00,070 --> 00:30:05,210
1418
+ Parkinson disease ุบูŠุฑ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠุณุงุนุฏู†ุง ููŠ ู…ุชุงุจุนุฉ ุนู„ุงุฌ
1419
+
1420
+ 372
1421
+ 00:30:05,210 --> 00:30:11,050
1422
+ ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ Parkinson ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ PET scan ุฃูˆ
1423
+
1424
+ 373
1425
+ 00:30:11,050 --> 00:30:14,670
1426
+ positron emission tomography ููŠ ุงู„ PET scan ู‡ุฐุง
1427
+
1428
+ 374
1429
+ 00:30:14,670 --> 00:30:17,430
1430
+ ุจูŠุฏุฑุณ ุงู„ functional ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ brain ุงู„ function
1431
+
1432
+ 375
1433
+ 00:30:17,430 --> 00:30:24,670
1434
+ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ brain ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ striatum ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูˆู†
1435
+
1436
+ 376
1437
+ 00:30:24,670 --> 00:30:28,470
1438
+ ุงู„ุฃุญู…ุฑ ู‡ุฐุง dopamine ู‡ุฐุง ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุฃู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ูƒู„ู‡ู… ูŠูƒูˆู†
1439
+
1440
+ 377
1441
+ 00:30:28,470 --> 00:30:32,010
1442
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุงุฐุง ุญุฏุซ ููŠ ู…ุฑุถ
1443
+
1444
+ 378
1445
+ 00:30:32,010 --> 00:30:37,130
1446
+ ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ุฑุนุงุด ุงู†ุฎูุถ ุชู… ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ููŠ ู†ุณุจุฉ
1447
+
1448
+ 379
1449
+ 00:30:37,130 --> 00:30:41,410
1450
+ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุญู…ุฑุงุก ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู†ุฎูุถ ู‚ู„ุช ู‚ุจู„
1451
+
1452
+ 380
1453
+ 00:30:41,410 --> 00:30:45,210
1454
+ ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุทุจ ุงุนุทูŠู†ุง ุนู„ุงุฌ ู„ู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูˆู†ุตูˆุฑู‡ ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ
1455
+
1456
+ 381
1457
+ 00:30:45,210 --> 00:30:48,670
1458
+ ุจู†ู„ุงุญุธ ุงูŠุด ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ู…ุด ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
1459
+
1460
+ 382
1461
+ 00:30:48,670 --> 00
1462
+
1463
+ 401
1464
+ 00:32:31,620 --> 00:32:36,600
1465
+ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุจูŠุฒูˆุฏ ุงู„ synthesis ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุจูŠุนู…ู„
1466
+
1467
+ 402
1468
+ 00:32:36,600 --> 00:32:41,860
1469
+ ุชุญููŠุฒ ู„ู€ ุงู„ receptor of ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ block ู„ู€
1470
+
1471
+ 403
1472
+ 00:32:41,860 --> 00:32:45,720
1473
+ ุงู„ enzyme ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุชูƒุณูŠุฑ ูˆ degradation ู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ
1474
+
1475
+ 404
1476
+ 00:32:45,720 --> 00:32:49,140
1477
+ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ู„ู€ homovanillic acid ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1478
+
1479
+ 405
1480
+ 00:32:49,140 --> 00:32:51,960
1481
+ norepinephrine ุฃูˆ epinephrine ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู†
1482
+
1483
+ 406
1484
+ 00:32:51,960 --> 00:32:56,740
1485
+ ู†ุนุทูŠ COMT inhibitor ูˆู†ู‚ู„ู„ ุชุญูˆูŠู„ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†
1486
+
1487
+ 407
1488
+ 00:32:56,740 --> 00:33:03,360
1489
+ ู„ู€ homovanillic acid ุฃูˆ ุฃุนุทูŠ MAO inhibitor ูˆู†ู‚ู„ู„ ุงู„ุชุญูˆูŠู„
1490
+
1491
+ 408
1492
+ 00:33:03,360 --> 00:33:09,980
1493
+ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ู„ู€ norepinephrine ูˆ epinephrine ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฎุทุฉ
1494
+
1495
+ 409
1496
+ 00:33:09,980 --> 00:33:15,760
1497
+ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู„ุนู„ุงุฌ Parkinson's disease ุฃูˆ ุฎุทุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุถูŠู
1498
+
1499
+ 410
1500
+ 00:33:15,760 --> 00:33:20,980
1501
+ ุนู„ุงุฌ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ block ู„ู„ุงุณูŠุชุงู„ูƒูˆู„ูŠู† Anticholinergic drugs
1502
+
1503
+ 411
1504
+ 00:33:22,980 --> 00:33:27,840
1505
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃุฏูˆูŠุฉ ุจุชู†ุนุทู‰ ู„ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1506
+
1507
+ 412
1508
+ 00:33:27,840 --> 00:33:32,360
1509
+ Levodopa-Dopamine agonist ู…ุซู„ ุฏูˆุจูŠูƒุงุฑ ุฃูˆ ุณูŠู†ูŠู…ูŠุช
1510
+
1511
+ 413
1512
+ 00:33:32,360 --> 00:33:37,870
1513
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุนุชุจุฑ Gold standard treatment Dopamine
1514
+
1515
+ 414
1516
+ 00:33:37,870 --> 00:33:42,810
1517
+ receptor agonist ุจุฑูˆู…ุง ูƒุฑูŠุจุชุงู†ุŒ ุจุฑุงู…ูŠ ุจูŠูƒุณูˆู„ุŒ ูƒูˆู…ุช
1518
+
1519
+ 415
1520
+ 00:33:42,810 --> 00:33:46,830
1521
+ inhibitor Entacapone ู†ุถุญูƒ ุงุญู†ุงุŒ Entacapone ู†ุถุญูƒ ู…ุน ุงู„ุทู„ุงุจ
1522
+
1523
+ 416
1524
+ 00:33:46,830 --> 00:33:51,230
1525
+ ู†ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ู… ุงู†ุช ูƒุงุจูˆู† ูˆุฃู†ุง ูƒุงุจูˆู† ุนุดุงู† ูŠุญูุธูˆู‡ุงุŒ ุงู†ุช ูƒุงุจูˆู†
1526
+
1527
+ 417
1528
+ 00:33:51,230 --> 00:33:54,930
1529
+ ูˆุฃู†ุง ูƒุงุจูˆู† ุจุณ ู‡ูˆ ุงู†ุช ูƒุงุจูˆู† ู„ูˆุญุฏู‡ุŒ ู…ุด ุญุฏ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุง
1530
+
1531
+ 418
1532
+ 00:33:54,930 --> 00:34:00,010
1533
+ ูƒุงุจูˆู† ูƒู…ุงู†ุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู†ุช ูƒุงุจูˆู†ุŒ EntacaponeุŒ Tolcapone
1534
+
1535
+ 419
1536
+ 00:34:00,010 --> 00:34:04,410
1537
+ inhibitor ุณูŠู„ูŠุฌูŠู„ูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุฌูˆู…ูŠูƒุณุŒ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู† ุฃู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ
1538
+
1539
+ 420
1540
+ 00:34:04,410 --> 00:34:07,930
1541
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃู†ุง ุญูุธุช ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ูˆู‚ู„ู„ุช ุงู„ degradation ุจุชุงุนู‡
1542
+
1543
+ 421
1544
+ 00:34:07,930 --> 00:34:11,530
1545
+ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุนุทูŠ Anticholinergic drugs ู‚ู„ูŠู„
1546
+
1547
+ 422
1548
+ 00:34:11,530 --> 00:34:15,770
1549
+ ุงู„ุงุณูŠุชุงู„ูƒูˆู„ูŠู† ูƒู…ุงู† Trihexyphenidyl ุฃูˆ ArtaneุŒ ุฃู…ุง
1550
+
1551
+ 423
1552
+ 00:34:15,770 --> 00:34:22,410
1553
+ Amantadine ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑุจ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ุฌู…ุนูˆุง ุฌูŠุด ุงุญุชูŠุงุทูŠ
1554
+
1555
+ 424
1556
+ 00:34:22,410 --> 00:34:26,610
1557
+ ูƒุจุงุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุณู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ู…ุฑุถ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ู…ุงุญุฏุด ูƒุงู† ูƒุงุดูู‡
1558
+
1559
+ 425
1560
+ 00:34:27,340 --> 00:34:31,100
1561
+ ูˆุนุทูˆู‡ู… ุฃู…ุงู†ุชุงุฏูŠู†ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู†ุชุงุฏูŠู† ุฃุตู„ู‡ antiviral ุนู„ุงุฌ
1562
+
1563
+ 426
1564
+ 00:34:31,100 --> 00:34:35,740
1565
+ ู„ู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุชุŒ ูˆูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ antiviral ู„ู„ูˆู‚ุงูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ infection
1566
+
1567
+ 427
1568
+ 00:34:35,740 --> 00:34:40,400
1569
+ disease ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑุจ ูˆุฌุฏูˆุง ูˆู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุงู„ูƒุจุงุฑ ุงู„ุณู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1570
+
1571
+ 428
1572
+ 00:34:40,400 --> 00:34:43,640
1573
+ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… rigidity ูˆุนู†ุฏู‡ู… bradykinesia ุงุชุญุณู†ุช ู…ุดูŠุชู‡ู…
1574
+
1575
+ 429
1576
+ 00:34:43,640 --> 00:34:47,500
1577
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู†ุชุงุฏูŠู†ุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุฑูƒูˆุง antiviral effect
1578
+
1579
+ 430
1580
+ 00:34:47,500 --> 00:34:51,660
1581
+ ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู†ุชุงุฏูŠู† ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู„ุขู† ุจูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ูˆู…ู† ุฒู…ุงู† ุจูŠุณุชุฎุฏู…
1582
+
1583
+ 431
1584
+ 00:34:51,660 --> 00:34:55,840
1585
+ ู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู„ muscle rigidity ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช Parkinson's
1586
+
1587
+ 432
1588
+ 00:34:55,840 --> 00:35:00,490
1589
+ disease ู‡ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงุณุชู„ูŠูุง ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† combination drug ููŠ
1590
+
1591
+ 433
1592
+ 00:35:00,490 --> 00:35:04,960
1593
+ ู„ูŠููˆุฏูˆุจุงุŒ ูƒุงุฑุจูŠุฏูˆุจุงุŒ ูˆุงู†ุช ูƒุงุจูˆู†ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠู‡ Levodopa
1594
+
1595
+ 434
1596
+ 00:35:04,960 --> 00:35:10,020
1597
+ agonist ู…ุน COMT inhibitor ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจู†ุฒูˆุฏ
1598
+
1599
+ 435
1600
+ 00:35:10,020 --> 00:35:12,880
1601
+ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ูˆุจู†ู‚ู„ู„ ุงู„ degradation ููŠ ุญุจุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ููŠ
1602
+
1603
+ 436
1604
+ 00:35:12,880 --> 00:35:16,540
1605
+ ุนู„ุงุฌ ุฌุฑุนุงุช ู„ู‡ 50ุŒ 12.5ุŒ 250ุŒ 5ุŒ
1606
+
1607
+ 437
1608
+ 00:35:16,540 --> 00:35:21,180
1609
+ 20ุŒ 250ุŒ 7.5ุŒ 30ุŒ 12.5ุŒ 25
1610
+
1611
+ 438
1612
+ 00:35:21,180 --> 00:35:25,760
1613
+ 5ุŒ 25 ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฌุฑุนุงุช ู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงุณู…ู‡ ุงุณุชู„ูŠูุงุŒ ู…ุด
1614
+
1615
+ 439
1616
+ 00:35:25,760 --> 00:35:29,400
1617
+ ู…ุทู„ูˆุจูŠู† ู…ู†ูƒู… ูƒุชูŠุฑุŒ ู„ูƒู† ุงุญู†ุง ู„ุงุฒู… ู†ูƒูˆู† ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุจุณ ุฅูŠู‡
1618
+
1619
+ 440
1620
+ 00:35:29,400 --> 00:35:34,320
1621
+ ุดูŠู„ู†ุง ุงู„ุฃุฏูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุนุทูŠู‡ุง ู„ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู†ุŒ ููŠ ุจุนุถ
1622
+
1623
+ 441
1624
+ 00:35:34,320 --> 00:35:40,000
1625
+ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช Medical refractory .. Medical refractory
1626
+
1627
+ 442
1628
+ 00:35:40,000 --> 00:35:44,900
1629
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Parkinson's disease ู…ุณุชุฌุจูˆุด ู„ู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ูˆุญุงู„ุชู‡ู…
1630
+
1631
+ 443
1632
+ 00:35:44,900 --> 00:35:48,720
1633
+ ุจุชุชุทูˆุฑ ุจุณุฑุนุฉุŒ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ ุชุฏุฎู„ุงุช ุฌุฑุงุญูŠุฉ ููŠ ู…ุฑุงูƒุฒ
1634
+
1635
+ 444
1636
+ 00:35:48,720 --> 00:35:53,700
1637
+ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Deep brain stimulation ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุนู…ู„
1638
+
1639
+ 445
1640
+ 00:35:53,700 --> 00:35:57,100
1641
+ Thalamic stimulation ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุญุณู† ุฅูŠุดุŸ ุงู„ tremor ุฃูƒุชุฑ
1642
+
1643
+ 446
1644
+ 00:35:57,100 --> 00:36:00,400
1645
+ ูˆู…ุน ุงู„ุนุฌุฒ ุฏูˆุฑ ููŠ muscle rigidity ุฃูˆ bradykinesia
1646
+
1647
+ 447
1648
+ 00:36:00,400 --> 00:36:05,470
1649
+ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุนู…ู„ Pallidotomy ุฃูˆ Subthalamic
1650
+
1651
+ 448
1652
+ 00:36:05,470 --> 00:36:10,070
1653
+ stimulation ู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ muscle rigidity ูˆุงู„
1654
+
1655
+ 449
1656
+ 00:36:10,070 --> 00:36:15,490
1657
+ dyskinesia in your research ู†ูŠูƒูˆุชูŠู†ุŒ ู…ูŠู„ุงุชูˆู†ูŠู†
1658
+
1659
+ 450
1660
+ 00:36:15,490 --> 00:36:20,370
1661
+ ูˆุฌุฏูˆุง ุฅู† ู†ูŠูƒูˆุชูŠู† ุงู„ action ุจุชุงุนู‡ similar ู„ู€ ู„ูŠููˆุฏูˆุจุง
1662
+
1663
+ 451
1664
+ 00:36:20,370 --> 00:36:27,580
1665
+ Future management ุชุชุทู„ุนูˆุง ู„ู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ ุฅูŠุด ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุงุŸ
1666
+
1667
+ 452
1668
+ 00:36:27,580 --> 00:36:31,280
1669
+ Gene therapy ุฃูˆ ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง Fetal nigral cells
1670
+
1671
+ 453
1672
+ 00:36:31,280 --> 00:36:35,860
1673
+ transplantation ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง ุฒุฑุงุนุฉ ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุนุตุจูŠุฉ ู„ู…ุฑุถู‰
1674
+
1675
+ 454
1676
+ 00:36:35,860 --> 00:36:42,220
1677
+ Parkinson's disease ุงู„ุขู† ุฃู†ุง ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฃู†ุฌุฒุช ู„ูƒู… ู…ูˆุถูˆุน Parkinson's
1678
+
1679
+ 455
1680
+ 00:36:42,220 --> 00:36:48,100
1681
+ disease ุฎู…ุณ ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ุฃุดุฑุญ ู„ูƒู… ู…ุฑุถ ุขุฎุฑ ุงุณู…ู‡ Wilson's
1682
+
1683
+ 456
1684
+ 00:36:48,100 --> 00:36:53,970
1685
+ disease Wilson's disease ู‡ูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ Akinetic rigid
1686
+
1687
+ 457
1688
+ 00:36:53,970 --> 00:36:57,270
1689
+ syndrome ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ children ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุฃุทูุงู„
1690
+
1691
+ 458
1692
+ 00:36:57,270 --> 00:37:01,790
1693
+ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ Hepatolenticular degeneration ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†
1694
+
1695
+ 459
1696
+ 00:37:01,790 --> 00:37:05,930
1697
+ Hepatolenticular degenerationุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุจูŠุตูŠุจ ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ูˆ
1698
+
1699
+ 460
1700
+ 00:37:05,930 --> 00:37:09,750
1701
+ Lentiform nucleus ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุณู…ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ Hepatolenticular
1702
+
1703
+ 461
1704
+ 00:37:09,750 --> 00:37:15,890
1705
+ degeneration ูŠุนุชุจุฑ Autosomal
1706
+
1707
+ 462
1708
+ 00:37:15,890 --> 00:37:21,760
1709
+ recessive disorder characterized by defect of
1710
+
1711
+ 463
1712
+ 00:37:21,760 --> 00:37:26,720
1713
+ cellular copper export ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ...
1714
+
1715
+ 464
1716
+ 00:37:26,720 --> 00:37:32,000
1717
+ ุงู„ ... ููŠ ุงู„ copper export ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ
1718
+
1719
+ 465
1720
+ 00:37:32,000 --> 00:37:35,480
1721
+ accumulation ู„ู„copper ุจูŠุญุฏุซ accumulation ู„ู„copper
1722
+
1723
+ 466
1724
+ 00:37:35,480 --> 00:37:39,440
1725
+ ูˆูŠู† ุจูŠุญุฏุซ accumulation ู„ู„copperุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ liver ูˆ ุงู„
1726
+
1727
+ 467
1728
+ 00:37:39,440 --> 00:37:42,200
1729
+ other tissues ู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ู… Lentiform nucleus
1730
+
1731
+ 468
1732
+ 00:37:42,200 --> 00:37:45,040
1733
+ nucleus ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุณู…ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ Hepatolenticular
1734
+
1735
+ 469
1736
+ 00:37:45,040 --> 00:37:49,910
1737
+ degeneration ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ pathogenesis of Wilson's disease
1738
+
1739
+ 470
1740
+ 00:37:49,910 --> 00:37:56,910
1741
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ Ceruloplasmin ุจูŠุชุญุฏ
1742
+
1743
+ 471
1744
+ 00:37:56,910 --> 00:38:01,990
1745
+ ู…ุน ุงู„ูƒุจุฑ ู…ุน ุงู„ู†ุญุงุณ ูˆุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ุน ุงู„ุจูŠู„ ู…ุน ุนุตุงุฑุฉ
1746
+
1747
+ 472
1748
+ 00:38:01,990 --> 00:38:11,310
1749
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุฑุฉ ูˆุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ุน ุงู„ stool ู…ุน ุงู„ููŠูƒู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ุจุฑุงุฒ ููŠ
1750
+
1751
+ 473
1752
+ 00:38:11,310 --> 00:38:14,690
1753
+ Wilson's disease ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ deficiency ููŠ
1754
+
1755
+ 474
1756
+ 00:38:14,690 --> 00:38:15,430
1757
+ ุงู„ Ceruloplasmin
1758
+
1759
+ 475
1760
+ 00:38:17,870 --> 00:38:22,390
1761
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชุญุฏ ู…ุน 98% ู…ู† ุงู„ copper ูˆุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„
1762
+
1763
+ 476
1764
+ 00:38:22,390 --> 00:38:28,110
1765
+ bile ุทูŠุจ ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠุญุฏุซุŸ ู…ุงุฏุงู… ููŠ ู…ุดูƒู„ุชู‡ุง ููŠ mutation ููŠ
1766
+
1767
+ 477
1768
+ 00:38:28,110 --> 00:38:31,690
1769
+ Ceruloplasmin ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุฏูŠ Ceruloplasmin unable
1770
+
1771
+ 478
1772
+ 00:38:31,690 --> 00:38:35,270
1773
+ to binding with copper ู…ุง ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑ ูˆู„ุง ูŠุณุชุทูŠุน ุฅู†ู‡
1774
+
1775
+ 479
1776
+ 00:38:35,270 --> 00:38:38,630
1777
+ ูŠุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ copper ูˆูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุงุŒ ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ุงู„ copper ูˆูŠุชุญุฏ ู…ุน
1778
+
1779
+ 480
1780
+ 00:38:38,630 --> 00:38:43,460
1781
+ other proteins ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุชุŒ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู†ู‡ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู†
1782
+
1783
+ 481
1784
+ 00:38:43,460 --> 00:38:47,660
1785
+ ุงู„ urine ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ูƒู„ู‰ ูˆุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ
1786
+
1787
+ 482
1788
+ 00:38:47,660 --> 00:38:50,300
1789
+ accumulation ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ุจุชุฎุฒู† ููŠ ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ููŠ
1790
+
1791
+ 483
1792
+ 00:38:50,300 --> 00:38:53,820
1793
+ ุงู„ุฃู†ุณุฌุฉ ู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ููŠ Lentiform nucleus ููŠ
1794
+
1795
+ 484
1796
+ 00:38:53,820 --> 00:38:59,240
1797
+ ุงู„ liver ููŠ ุงู„ lung ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุณุงู…ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุญุงุณ
1798
+
1799
+ 485
1800
+ 00:38:59,240 --> 00:39:05,040
1801
+ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุณุงู…ุฉ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ clinical features of Wilson's
1802
+
1803
+ 486
1804
+ 00:39:05,040 --> 00:39:11,640
1805
+ diseaseุŸ Proximal tremor ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ุนู‡ู…ุŒ cholepathoid
1806
+
1807
+ 487
1808
+ 00:39:11,640 --> 00:39:16,320
1809
+ movement ุญุฑูƒุงุช ู„ุง ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุฉุŒ bradykinesia ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง
1810
+
1811
+ 488
1812
+ 00:39:16,320 --> 00:39:19,920
1813
+ ู…ุนุงู‡ู… ุจุทุก ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ acute stage ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูŠุฌูˆุง
1814
+
1815
+ 489
1816
+ 00:39:19,920 --> 00:39:23,860
1817
+ psychosisุŒ behavior changes ูˆูŠุชู… ุนู„ุงุฌุงุชู‡ู… ููŠ
1818
+
1819
+ 490
1820
+ 00:39:23,860 --> 00:39:28,520
1821
+ ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ููŠ ู‚ุณู… ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุงู„ู†ูุณูŠุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงู‡ู…
1822
+
1823
+ 491
1824
+ 00:39:28,520 --> 00:39:32,240
1825
+ dysarthria and other type of speech difficulty
1826
+
1827
+ 492
1828
+ 00:39:34,160 --> 00:39:37,520
1829
+ Dystonia and Rigidity ูˆููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ liver
1830
+
1831
+ 493
1832
+ 00:39:37,520 --> 00:39:40,900
1833
+ involvement ุถุฑูˆุฑูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุนู‡ู… ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰
1834
+
1835
+ 494
1836
+ 00:39:40,900 --> 00:39:44,340
1837
+ ู…ู…ูƒู† ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ููŠ ุงู„ advanced stage ูŠุฏุฎู„ูˆุง ููŠ
1838
+
1839
+ 495
1840
+ 00:39:44,340 --> 00:39:49,420
1841
+ hepatic failure ูุดู„ ููŠ ูˆุธุงุฆู ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ูˆูŠุญุชุงุฌ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ
1842
+
1843
+ 496
1844
+ 00:39:49,420 --> 00:39:55,840
1845
+ ู†ู‚ู„ ุฃูˆ ุฒุฑุงุนุฉ ูƒุจุฏ ู„ุฅูŠุงู‡ุŒ ู…ุงู‡ูˆ ุงู„ diagnosisุŸ ูƒูŠู ู†ุดุฎุต
1846
+
1847
+ 497
1848
+ 00:39:55,840 --> 00:40:01,580
1849
+ ู…ุฑุถ Wilson's diseaseุŸ ุงู„ูุญุต ู„ู„ุจู„ุงุฒู…ุง ููŠ blood ุจูŠูƒูˆู† lowุŒ ุงู„
1850
+
1851
+ 498
1852
+ 00:40:01,580 --> 00:40:05,660
1853
+ copper ููŠ ุงู„ blood ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† low ุฃูˆ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู†
1854
+
1855
+ 499
1856
+ 00:40:05,660 --> 00:40:10,160
1857
+ normal ู…ุง ุจู†ุนุชู…ุฏุด ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ูุญุตุŒ ุฃู‡ู… ุดูŠุก ุฃูุญุต ู†ุณุจุฉ
1858
+
1859
+ 500
1860
+ 00:40:10,160 --> 00:40:14,640
1861
+ ุงู„ู†ุญุงุณ ููŠ ุงู„ urineุŒ ุจูŠุฌู…ุน ุงู„ urine 24 ุณุงุนุฉ ูˆุจู†ูุญุต
1862
+
1863
+ 501
1864
+ 00:40:14,640 --> 00:40:17,140
1865
+ ููŠู‡ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ู†ุญุงุณ ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฅู† ุงุญู†ุง ู…ุชุนุฑููŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ
1866
+
1867
+ 502
1868
+ 00:40:17,140 --> 00:40:19,920
1869
+ ุงู„ู†ุญุงุณ ุจุชุชุญุฏ ู…ุน Ceruloplasmin ูˆุจุชุทู„ุน ู…ุน ุงู„ stool ุนู†
1870
+
1871
+ 503
1872
+ 00:40:19,920 --> 00:40:24,100
1873
+ ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ bile ู…ุน ุงู„ stool ู…ุน ุงู„ููŠูƒู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ุจุฑุงุฒุŒ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ
1874
+
1875
+ 504
1876
+ 00:40:24,100 --> 00:40:27,900
1877
+ ู†ู‚ุต Ceruloplasmin ุจุชุชู… ุงุชุญุงุฏ other proteins ู…ุน
1878
+
1879
+ 505
1880
+ 00:40:27,900 --> 00:40:31,700
1881
+ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ุน ุงู„ copperุŒ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู†ู‡ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ accumulation ููŠ
1882
+
1883
+ 506
1884
+ 00:40:31,700 --> 00:40:36,640
1885
+ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ูˆุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ urineุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ
1886
+
1887
+ 507
1888
+ 00:40:36,640 --> 00:40:43,160
1889
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฑุงุญ ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุนู†๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝู‡ู… high copper urine output ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ
1890
+
1891
+ 508
1892
+ 00:40:43,160 --> 00:40:49,450
1893
+ ุงู„ urine ุฑุงุญ ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ู†ุญุงุณ ุนุงู„ูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุจุชุงุฎุฏ ุงู„
1894
+
1895
+ 509
1896
+ 00:40:49,450 --> 00:40:53,570
1897
+ ... ุงู„ูุญุต ุงู„ ... ุงู„ urine ู…ุฏุฉ 24 ุณุงุนุฉุŒ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงุนู…ู„ Liver
1898
+
1899
+ 510
1900
+ 00:40:53,570 --> 00:40:58,610
1901
+ biopsy ุจุฑู‡ู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† Thalamic and putaminal
1902
+
1903
+ 511
1904
+ 00:40:58,610 --> 00:41:02,790
1905
+ hyper intensity ู„ูˆ ูุญุตู†ุง ุงู„ MRI ุฃูˆ Physiological
1906
+
1907
+ 512
1908
+ 00:41:02,790 --> 00:41:08,310
1909
+ examination ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ deposition of copper ููŠ
1910
+
1911
+ 513
1912
+ 00:41:08,310 --> 00:41:13,380
1913
+ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุชุนู…ู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง Kayser-Fleischer ring ุจุชู†ูุญุต ุนู„ู‰
1914
+
1915
+ 514
1916
+ 00:41:13,380 --> 00:41:17,780
1917
+ Slit lamp ู„ุฃู† ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ุงู„ุนูŠูˆู†ุŒ ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุฏูŠ ุจูŠู†ุณูŠู„ุงู…ูŠู†ุŒ
1918
+
1919
+ 515
1920
+ 00:41:17,780 --> 00:41:22,900
1921
+ TrientineุŒ oral zinc ูˆููŠ ุงู„ advanced stage ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช
1922
+
1923
+ 516
1924
+ 00:41:22,900 --> 00:41:27,340
1925
+ liver failure ุฃูˆ hepatic failure ุจูŠุญุชุงุฌูˆุง ุฒุฑุงุนุฉ
1926
+
1927
+ 517
1928
+ 00:41:27,340 --> 00:41:35,520
1929
+ ูƒุจุฏุŒ ู†ู‚ู„ ูƒุจุฏ ู„ู„ุฅู†ุณุงู†ุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ Kayser-Fleischer ring ุชูƒูˆู† ุฒูŠ
1930
+
1931
+ 518
1932
+ 00:41:35,520 --> 00:41:39,880
1933
+ ring ููŠ ุงู„ุนูŠู†ุŒ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงู„ุนูŠู†ุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ ring ู†ุงุชุฌุฉ ุนู†
1934
+
1935
+ 519
1936
+ 00:41:39,880 --> 00:41:47,480
1937
+ ุชุฌู…ุน ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ู†ุญุงุณุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ููŠ ู…ุฑุถ ุฅูŠุดุŸ ูˆูŠู„ุณูˆู† ู‡ูŠ
1938
+
1939
+ 520
1940
+ 00:41:47,480 --> 00:41:51,860
1941
+ ุงู„ copper ู‚ุฏู… ู…ุน ุงู„ุฃูƒู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ุทุนุงู…ุŒ ุชู… ุงู…ุชุตุงุตู‡ ู„ู„ blood
1942
+
1943
+ 521
1944
+ 00:41:51,860 --> 00:41:57,180
1945
+ ุงุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ albuminุŒ ุงู„ albumin ุฑุงุญ ูŠูˆุตู„ู‡ ู„ู„ liverุŒ ููŠ
1946
+
1947
+ 522
1948
+ 00:41:57,180 --> 00:42:00,640
1949
+ ุงู„ liver ููŠ ุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡ Ceruloplasmin ู‡ุฐุง Ceruloplasmin
1950
+
1951
+ 523
1952
+ 00:42:00,640 --> 00:42:04,660
1953
+ ุจูŠุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ copper ู…ุน ุงู„ู†ุญุงุณ ูˆุจูŠุฎุฑุฌู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ liver ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
1954
+
1955
+ 524
1956
+ 00:42:04,660 --> 00:42:08,900
1957
+ ุนุตุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุฑุฉ ู„ู„ุฃู…ุนุงุก ูˆู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุนุงุก ู„ู„ stool
1958
+
1959
+ 525
1960
+ 00:42:08,900 --> 00:42:12,540
1961
+ ูˆุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุทุจูŠุนูŠุŒ ุทุจ ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ููŠ
1962
+
1963
+ 526
1964
+ 00:42:12,540 --> 00:42:18,190
1965
+ ู…ุฑุถ Wilson's diseaseุŸ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง problem ู‡ุงู†ุŒ ููŠ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ mutation
1966
+
1967
+ 527
1968
+ 00:42:18,190 --> 00:42:24,870
1969
+ ููŠ CeruloplasminุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุญุฏุซ accumulation
1970
+
1971
+ 528
1972
+ 00:42:24,870 --> 00:42:28,390
1973
+ ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ copper ููŠ ุงู„ liver and other tissues
1974
+
1975
+ 529
1976
+ 00:42:28,390 --> 00:42:33,870
1977
+ ูˆูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุฅูŠุดุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ copper ุจุชุชุญุฏ ู…ุน other proteins
1978
+
1979
+ 530
1980
+ 00:42:33,870 --> 00:42:37,970
1981
+ ูˆุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ kidney ุจุงู„ urineุŒ ุทุจ ุงู„ D-
1982
+
1983
+ 531
1984
+ 00:42:37,970 --> 00:42:43,410
1985
+ Penicillamine ุงู„ D-Penicillamine ุฅูŠุด ุฑุงุญ ูŠุนู…ู„ุŸ ุฑุงุญ
1986
+
1987
+ 532
1988
+ 00:42:43,410 --> 00:42:48,090
1989
+ ูŠุณุจู‚ ุงู„ albumin ูˆูŠุชุญุฏ ุจุนุฏ ุงู…ุชุตุงุต ุงู„ copper ู„ู„ุฏู… ..
1990
+
1991
+ 533
1992
+ 00:42:48,090 --> 00:42:52,870
1993
+ ุจุนุฏ ุงู…ุชุตุงุต ุงู„ copper ู„ู„ุฏู… ุฑุงุญ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ trientine ูˆุงู„
1994
+
1995
+ 534
1996
+ 00:42:52,870 --> 00:42:58,530
1997
+ D-Penicillamine ูŠุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน ุงู„ู†ุญุงุณ ูˆู…ุง ูŠูˆุตู„ูˆุด ู„ู„
1998
+
1999
+ 535
2000
+ 00:42:58,530 --> 00:43:03,450
2001
+ liver ูˆูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง direct ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุฅูŠุดุŸ ุงู„ kidney ุนู†
2002
+
2003
+ 536
2004
+ 00:43:03,450 --> 00:43:07,270
2005
+ ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุฅูŠุดุŸ ุงู„ูƒู„ู‰ ูˆูŠู‚ู„ู„ ุงู„ accumulation ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ ูˆ
2006
+
2007
+ 537
2008
+ 00:43:07,270 --> 00:43:12,890
2009
+ ู†ุณุจุชู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุณู…ุŒ ููŠ ุฏูˆุงุก ุงุณู…ู‡ Zinc acetate ุฃูˆ Sulfate
2010
+
2011
+ 538
2012
+ 00:43:12,890 --> 00:43:18,570
2013
+ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ zinc ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠุนู…ู„ุŸ ุจูŠุดุชุบู„ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ copper ููŠ
2014
+
2015
+ 539
2016
+ 00:43:18,570 --> 00:43:21,790
2017
+ ุงู„ intestine ุจูŠุดุชุบู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ copper ููŠ ุงู„ intestine
2018
+
2019
+ 540
2020
+ 00:43:21,790 --> 00:43:28,090
2021
+ ูˆุจูŠู…ู†ุน ุงู…ุชุตุงุตู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุนุงุก ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„
2022
+
2023
+ 541
2024
+ 00:43:28,090 --> 00:43:34,370
2025
+ stop ูŠูˆู‚ู ุงู…ุชุตุงุตู‡ ู„ู„ blood ูˆูŠู‚ู„ู„ ู†ุณุจุฉ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ copper ููŠ
2026
+
2027
+ 542
2028
+ 00:43:34,370 --> 00:43:39,950
2029
+ ุงู„ุฏู…ุŒ ูˆู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุญุฏุซ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ู†ุญุงุณ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ูˆ
2030
+
2031
+ 543
2032
+ 00:43:39,950 --> 00:43:44,690
2033
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงุญู†ุง ูˆุตู„ู†ุง ู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ
2034
+
2035
+
2036
+
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/--F5fLpsKiA_postprocess.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,2172 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:04,990 --> 00:00:08,610
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆ ุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:08,610 --> 00:00:16,990
7
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ู„ุณุจูˆุน ุชุงู„ุช ุนุดุฑ Parkinson disease ุงูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠ
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:16,990 --> 00:00:21,690
11
+ akinetic rigid syndrome akinetic rigid syndrome
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:21,690 --> 00:00:27,290
15
+ ุงูŠุด
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:27,290 --> 00:00:31,950
19
+ ุงู„ definition ุชุงุน Parkinson disease ู…ุฑุถ Parkinson
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:31,950 --> 00:00:47,020
23
+ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†Chronic slowly
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:47,020 --> 00:00:51,700
27
+ progressive neurodegenerative
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:51,700 --> 00:00:59,080
31
+ disorder Characterized by loss of pigmented
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:59,080 --> 00:01:04,240
35
+ neuronsloss of pigmented neurons ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ pigmented
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:01:04,240 --> 00:01:07,160
39
+ neurons ุจุชูุฑุฒ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง pigmented
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:01:07,160 --> 00:01:14,760
43
+ dopaminergic neurons ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ of the substantia
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:01:14,760 --> 00:01:18,820
47
+ nigra ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„substantia nigra ุงูŠุด ุจุชุณุจุจุŸ
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:18,820 --> 00:01:27,920
51
+ causing tremor at rest muscle rigiditybradykinesia
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:27,920 --> 00:01:31,940
55
+ and often associated with dementia ุงู„ุชุนุฑูŠู ุจุชุงุน
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:31,940 --> 00:01:36,140
59
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ู„ุฎุตู†ุง ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:36,140 --> 00:01:42,140
63
+ chronic slowly progressive neurodegenerative
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:42,140 --> 00:01:47,700
67
+ disorder characterized by loss of pigmented
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:47,700 --> 00:01:53,760
71
+ dopaminergic neurons caused by ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ูˆุงุญุฏ
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:54,800 --> 00:01:59,120
75
+ Tresting Tremor ุชู†ูŠู† Muscle Rigidity ุชู„ุงุชุฉ
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:59,120 --> 00:02:04,200
79
+ Bradykinesia ุฃูˆ Hypokinesia and often associated
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:02:04,200 --> 00:02:08,340
83
+ with dementia ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ู†ุงุชุฌ ุนู† ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ ุฅูุฑุงุฒ
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:02:08,340 --> 00:02:11,740
87
+ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุณุจุณุชุงู†ุดูŠุง ู†ูŠุฌุฑุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:02:11,740 --> 00:02:18,620
91
+ middle brain ุจุณุจุจู†ุง Tremor at rest Muscle Rigidity
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:20,630 --> 00:02:24,630
95
+ bradykinesia ุฃูˆ ู‡ูŠุจูˆูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒูŠุง ุจุทุก ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ูˆ
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:24,630 --> 00:02:32,310
99
+ dementia ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ู„ุฃ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ู…ุน ุนู…ุฑู‡ ูŠุญุฏุซ ุนู†ุฏู‡
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:32,310 --> 00:02:35,470
103
+ ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ ุงู„ู€ dopaminergic neurons ู„ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ู‡ ุณูŠุจุฏุฃ
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:35,470 --> 00:02:39,370
107
+ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู…ุฑุถ ุงุณู…ู‡ Parkinson disease ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูŠูƒูˆู†
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:39,370 --> 00:02:45,950
111
+ compensated ู…ุชู‰ ุจูŠุธู‡ุฑ ุนู„ุงู…ุงุช ู…ุฑุถ Parkinson ููŠ ุญุงู„
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:48,040 --> 00:02:54,120
115
+ ุญุฏุซ ู†ู‚ุต ุงูˆ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ููŠ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุฎู…ุณูŠู† ู„ุณุชูŠู† ููŠ
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:54,120 --> 00:02:58,160
119
+ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ dopaminergic containing neurons ููŠ
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:58,160 --> 00:03:02,000
123
+ ุงู„substantia negra ุงูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฎุฒูˆู† ุงู„ุงุญุชูŠุงุทูŠ ุณุจุนูŠู†
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:03:02,000 --> 00:03:06,680
127
+ ู„ุซู…ุงู†ูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ Corpus
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:03:06,680 --> 00:03:12,700
131
+ striata ู…ู† ุฃูŠู† ุฃุฌู‰ ู…ุฑุถ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ู„ู„ูŠูˆู… ุจุณู…ุน ู…ุฑุถ
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:03:12,700 --> 00:03:17,920
135
+ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู ูˆุชู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆุณุจุนุชุงุดููŠ ู„ู†ุจุง ููŠ
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:17,920 --> 00:03:25,360
139
+ ุจุฑูŠุทุงู†ูŠุง ุฌูŠู…ุณ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุฃูˆู„ ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ูƒุชุจ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ู‡ุฐุง
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:25,360 --> 00:03:30,320
143
+ ูˆุณู…ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ shaking palsy shaking palsy ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุดู„ู„
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:30,320 --> 00:03:34,040
147
+ ุงู„ุฑุนุงุด ูˆ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ู†ุณู…ุน ุนู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุฃู†ู‡ ุดู„ู„ ุงู„ุฑุนุงุด ุฃูˆ
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:34,040 --> 00:03:39,330
151
+ ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ Parkinson disease ู…ุฑุถ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู†ุงุชูˆูู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุฌูŠู…ุณ
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:39,330 --> 00:03:43,450
155
+ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู ุชู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆุงุฑุจุน ูˆุนุดุฑูŠู† ูˆููŠ ูุฑู†ุณุง ููŠ
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:43,450 --> 00:03:48,830
159
+ ุจุงุฑูŠุณ ุฌูŠู… ู…ุงุฑุชูŠู† ุชุดุงุฑูƒูˆุช ุณู…ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุจุงุณู… ุฌูŠู…ุณ
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:48,830 --> 00:03:52,870
163
+ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุงุญุชุฑุงู…ุง ู„ู‡ ูˆุณู…ู‰ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† disease ูŠุจู‚ู‰
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:52,870 --> 00:03:56,250
167
+ ุฌูŠู…ุณ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุณู…ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ shaking ุจุงุฑุณูŠ ุดู‡ุฑ ูˆุนุงุด
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:56,250 --> 00:04:00,430
171
+ ูˆุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ุงุชูˆูู‰ ุชู… ุชุณู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุจุงุณู… ุฌูŠู…ุณ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู†
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:04:00,430 --> 00:04:05,910
175
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงุณู…ู‡ ูˆุณู…ูˆู‡ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† diseaseู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ James
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:04:05,910 --> 00:04:09,410
179
+ Parkinson ูˆู„ุฏ ุณู†ุฉ ุฃู„ู ุณุจุนู…ุงุฆุฉ ูˆุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุฎู…ุณูŠู† ูˆุงุชูˆูู‰
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:04:09,410 --> 00:04:13,910
183
+ ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู ูˆุซู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆุงุฑุจุนุฉ ูˆุนุดุฑูŠู† ูˆุฃูˆู„ ู…ุง ูƒุชุจ ุนู† ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:13,910 --> 00:04:18,050
187
+ ุณู…ุงู‡ shaking burst ููŠ ู„ู†ุฏู† ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู ูˆุซู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆุณุจุนุฉ
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:18,050 --> 00:04:24,990
191
+ ุนุดุฑ ุงุจูˆ ุนู…ุงุฑ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูŠุฑุญู…ู‡ ูˆุงู„ุจุงุจุง ูŠูˆุญุงู†ูŠ ูŠูˆุญุงู†ูŠ ุงู„
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:24,990 --> 00:04:28,750
195
+ ุจูˆู„ูŠุณ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ุญู…ุฏ ุนู„ูŠ ูƒู„ุงูŠ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู…ุตุงุจูŠู† ุจู…ุฑุถ
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:28,750 --> 00:04:31,470
199
+ Parkinson ู…ุตุงุจูŠู† ุจู…ุฑุถ Parkinson
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:35,720 --> 00:04:40,180
203
+ ุนู„ู‰ Epidemiology of Parkinson Disease Parkinson
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:40,180 --> 00:04:44,400
207
+ Disease is the most common neurodegenerative
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:04:44,400 --> 00:04:49,960
211
+ disease after Alzheimer ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ second most
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:04:49,960 --> 00:04:55,200
215
+ common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:04:55,200 --> 00:04:57,120
219
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Alzheimer ุจูŠุญุชู„ ุงู„ู…ุฑุชุจุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:04:57,120 --> 00:05:01,200
223
+ neurodegenerative ูˆ ุจุนุฏู‡ ุจุฌู†ูˆู†ูŠู† Parkinson Disease
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:05:01,200 --> 00:05:06,320
227
+ ุงู„ annual incidenceู…ู† ุฎู…ุณุฉ ู„ุณุช ูˆ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ูƒู„ ู…ุงุฆุฉ ุฃู„ู
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:05:06,320 --> 00:05:11,140
231
+ ููŠ ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒุง ุนุดุฑูŠู† ู„ูƒู„ ู…ุงุฆุฉ ุฃู„ู ุงู„ age of onset ุฎู…ุณูŠู†
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:11,140 --> 00:05:16,960
235
+ ุณู† ุงู„ุฎู…ุณูŠู† ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุงู„ pick ุชุงุน ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุฎู…ุณ ูˆ ุณุชูŠู†
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:16,960 --> 00:05:21,680
239
+ ุฎู…ุณูŠู† ุฎู…ุณ ูˆ ุณุชูŠู† ุจุนุฏ ุณู† ุงู„ุฎู…ุณ ูˆ ุณุชูŠู† ุจูŠุญุฏุซ decline
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:21,680 --> 00:05:26,720
243
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุจูŠุตูŠุจ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุณู† ู…ู† ุฎู…ุณูŠู† ู„ุฎู…ุณ ูˆ ุณุชูŠู† ุจุนุฏ
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:26,720 --> 00:05:32,180
247
+ ุณู† ุงู„ุฎู…ุณ ูˆ ุณุชูŠู† ุจูŠุญุฏุซ decline ูˆุจูŠู†ุฎูุถ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:32,180 --> 00:05:36,200
251
+ ู‡ุฐุง4 ุนู„ู‰ 10% ู…ู† ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุฌูŠูˆุง ู‚ุจู„ ุณู† ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุนูŠู†
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:05:36,200 --> 00:05:42,160
255
+ ู„ูƒู† ุฅุฐุง ุจุฏู„ ู…ุฑุถ ู‡ุฐุง ู‚ุจู„ ุณู† ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุนูŠู† ู„ุงุฒู… ู†ุนู…ู„ work
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:05:42,160 --> 00:05:45,920
259
+ up good work up ุชูˆูƒุณูŠูƒู„ูˆุฏ secondary parkinsonism
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:05:45,920 --> 00:05:49,720
263
+ ุชูˆูƒุณูŠูƒู„ูˆุฏูŠุช ูŠูˆู…ุงุฑ ูˆูŠู„ุณูˆู† disease and other
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:05:49,720 --> 00:05:54,880
267
+ neurodegenerative disease and others focal brain
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:05:54,880 --> 00:06:01,320
271
+ damage six ุงู„ incidence ุงู„ู…ูŠู„ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ูู…ูŠู„ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:01,320 --> 00:06:06,480
275
+ ู„ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุงู„ ratioFamilial Incidence 95% ู…ู† ู…ุฑุถ
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:06,480 --> 00:06:10,380
279
+ ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู† Sporadic Cases Sporadic Cases ูˆ
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:10,380 --> 00:06:17,520
283
+ ูู‚ุท 5% ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง Familial Ideology of Parkinson
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:17,520 --> 00:06:22,280
287
+ Disease Most cases of Parkinson Disease are
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:06:22,280 --> 00:06:26,760
291
+ idiopathic ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง Sporadic Cases ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง due
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:06:26,760 --> 00:06:29,320
295
+ to combination of genetic and environmental
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:06:29,320 --> 00:06:36,120
299
+ factors Theoryุฃู‡ู… ุดูŠุก accelerated aging ุฃู‡ู… risk
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:06:36,120 --> 00:06:41,860
303
+ factor ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน Parkinson disease is age gene
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:06:41,860 --> 00:06:46,900
307
+ mutationenvironmental factor ุงู„ุนูˆุงู…ู„ ุงู„ุจูŠุฆูŠุฉ ูˆ
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:06:46,900 --> 00:06:52,160
311
+ ุงู„ุนูˆุงู…ู„ ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠุฉ ุงู†ุณุงู† ุจูŠุดุชุบู„ ููŠ ู…ุตู†ุน ู…ู† ุจูˆุฏุงุช
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:06:52,160 --> 00:06:57,880
315
+ ุญุดุฑุงุช ุงู†ุณุงู† ุจุชุนุฑุถ ู„ุณู…ูˆู… ุงู†ุณุงู† life experience
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:06:57,880 --> 00:07:02,980
319
+ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง ูˆ ุจูŠุดุชุบู„ูˆุง ู…ู„ุงูƒู… ุงูˆ ู…ุตุงุฑู‰ ุฒูŠ
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:02,980 --> 00:07:06,780
323
+ ู…ุญู…ุฏ ุนู„ูŠ ูƒู„ุงู ูˆ ุจุชุนุฑุถูˆุง ู„ recurrent head trauma ูƒู„
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:06,780 --> 00:07:12,140
327
+ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑ ุงู„ู‰ parkinson what's the risk factor
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:07:19,430 --> 00:07:25,450
331
+ ุงู„ุนู…ุฑ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุณู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู‡ู… risk factor ุงุซู†ูŠู† genetic
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:07:25,450 --> 00:07:31,110
335
+ factorsูˆุงุฌุฏูˆุง ุงู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… monozygotic ู…ู†
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:07:31,110 --> 00:07:35,730
339
+ ุจู‚ุงูŠุฏุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ Parkinson ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุงุนู„ู‰ ู…ู†
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:07:35,730 --> 00:07:40,210
343
+ ุงู„ dizygotic ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ุนุงู…ู„ ุงู„ูˆุฑุงุซูŠ ุงู„ูˆุฏูˆุฑ
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:07:40,210 --> 00:07:45,990
347
+ Male 6 ุงุชูุฌู†ุง ุงู† ุงู„ male ู„ ุงู„ female ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู„ุงุซู†ูŠู†
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:07:47,270 --> 00:07:52,450
351
+ environmental factors ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนุฑุถูˆุง ู„ุนู…ู„ ู…ุน
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:07:52,450 --> 00:07:58,310
355
+ ุณู…ูˆู… ู…ุฌูŠุฏุงุช ุญุดุฑูŠุฉ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงูˆ heavy metals ูƒู„ู‡ ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑ
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:07:58,310 --> 00:08:03,570
359
+ ุงู„ู‰ neurodegeneration life experience ุงุชูƒู„ู…ุช ู…ุนุงูƒู…
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:08:03,570 --> 00:08:08,270
363
+ ุนู† ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ recurrent trauma ุนุณุจ ู…ุซู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจูŠุนู…ู„
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:08:08,270 --> 00:08:15,910
367
+ ู…ู„ุงูƒูŠ ู…ุณุงุฑุน ุงู„ recurrent emotional stressุทูŠุจ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:08:15,910 --> 00:08:20,370
371
+ cigarette smoking and caffeine intake ุงู„ู†ุงุณ
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:08:20,370 --> 00:08:25,230
375
+ ุงู„ู…ุฏุฎู†ูŠู† ูˆุจูŠุดุฑุจูˆุง ู‚ู‡ูˆุฉ ูˆุฌุฏูˆุง inverse correlation
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:08:25,230 --> 00:08:29,150
379
+ between cigarette smoking, caffeine intake and
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:08:29,150 --> 00:08:31,170
383
+ Parkinson disease ูˆู…ุด Parkinson ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูˆุญุฏู‡
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:08:31,170 --> 00:08:35,190
387
+ Alzheimer ูˆุฌุฏูˆุง ุงู„ู†ุง๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ุงู„ู…ุฏุฎู†ูŠู† ูˆุจูŠุดุฑุจูˆุง ู‚ู‡ูˆุฉ ูƒุชูŠุฑ
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:08:35,190 --> 00:08:40,150
391
+ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ Parkinson ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู†ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุชุบูŠุจูˆุง ุงู„ุฏุฎูŠู†
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:08:40,150 --> 00:08:44,310
395
+ ู‡ุฐุง ู„ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุญู„ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ุชุฏุฎูŠู† ุงู„ุชุฏุฎูŠู†
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:08:44,310 --> 00:08:51,450
399
+ ู…ูƒุฑูˆู‡ ูˆู…ุญุฑู… anatomy of ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ุณุงูˆุคู‡ ุงูƒุชุฑ ู…ู† ู…ุง ุงูู‡ู…
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:08:51,450 --> 00:09:01,610
403
+ anatomy of basal nucleiุงู„ุชุญูƒู… ุจุงู„ุชุญุฑูƒ ุงู„ูˆุทู†ูŠ ูŠุชู…
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:09:01,610 --> 00:09:07,330
407
+ ุชุฃุซูŠุฑู‡ ุนู† ุงู„ุชุนุงู…ู„ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุจูŠูˆุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ ูˆุงู„ุณูŠุฑูŠุจูŠู„ุฑ
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:09:07,330 --> 00:09:12,490
411
+ ูˆุงู„ุฅูƒุณุฑุงุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ ูˆุงู„ุณูŠุณุชูŠู… ู…ุน ุชุฌู‡ูŠุฒุฉ ู„ุฌุฐุจ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู…
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:09:12,490 --> 00:09:23,340
415
+ ุฃูˆ ู„ุฌุฐุจ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ุงู„ูƒุฑู†ูŠุฉ ููŠ ู‚ู„ูˆุจ ุงู„ุนู‚ู„ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงูŠุด
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:09:23,340 --> 00:09:28,700
419
+ extrapyramidal nervous systemุŸ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† paired
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:09:28,700 --> 00:09:33,280
423
+ subcortical collection ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุจูŠุฒุง
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:09:33,280 --> 00:09:37,320
427
+ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฆูŠ ุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ุจูŠุฒุง ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฆูŠุŒ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง red
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:09:37,320 --> 00:09:41,580
431
+ nucleus ูˆsubstantia nigraุŒ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุชุงุจุน ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:09:41,580 --> 00:09:45,600
435
+ extrapyramidal nervous system ูˆsubthalamus ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:09:45,600 --> 00:09:48,980
439
+ ุชุงุจุน ู„ู„ุฏูŠุงู†ุณูŠูุฑูˆู† ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ functional ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:09:48,980 --> 00:09:51,540
443
+ ุจุงู„ุจูŠุฒุง ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ุฃูˆ ุจุงู„ extrapyramidal nervous
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:09:51,540 --> 00:09:57,290
447
+ systemู…ุงุดูŠ ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุจูŠุฒุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ุจูŠุฒุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ุชุชูƒูˆู†
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:09:57,290 --> 00:10:04,250
451
+ ู…ู† ูƒูˆุฏุงุช ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ 24 ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุชุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู†
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:10:04,250 --> 00:10:09,810
455
+ ุจูŠูˆุชุงู…ูŠู† and ุบู„ูˆุจุงุณ ุจุงู„ูŠุฏุงุณ ุงู…ูŠุฌุฏุงู„ูˆูŠุฏ ุจุงุฏูŠ and
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:10:09,810 --> 00:10:18,370
459
+ ูƒู„ุงูˆุณุฑุงู… ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุฑูƒูŠุจุชู‡ู… ู„ุจูŠุฒุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ู‡ู†ุญู† ู‡ุฏู‚ูˆุง
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:10:18,370 --> 00:10:23,230
463
+ ุงู„ูƒูˆุฏุงุช ู‡ุชุฏู‚ูˆุง ุงู„ูƒูˆุฏุงุชู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุงู†ุชูŠ ููˆุฑู… ุชุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู†
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:10:23,230 --> 00:10:28,830
467
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงุดุฑุญุชู‡
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:10:28,830 --> 00:10:32,850
471
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุจูŠุฒุง ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ุชุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† Large ูˆ Lateral ูˆDark
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:10:32,850 --> 00:10:38,450
475
+ part ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุจูŠูˆุชุงู…ูŠู† ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงุฌู„ูˆุจุงุณ ุจุงู„ูŠุฏุงุณ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:10:38,450 --> 00:10:42,690
479
+ medium and small light ูˆู‡ูŠ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ูƒู…ุงู† ุงู„ู‡ุฏุก ูˆ
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:10:42,690 --> 00:10:43,270
483
+ ุงู„ูƒูˆุฏุงุช
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:10:47,910 --> 00:10:52,630
487
+ ู„ูˆ ุฌู…ุนุชู‡ู… ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… Corpus striatum Corpus
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:10:52,630 --> 00:10:58,970
491
+ striatum ูˆ ู„ูˆ ุงุฌูŠู†ุง ุฑูุนู†ุง ู…ู† ู„ูŠู†ุชููˆุฑู… ุฑูุนู†ุง globus
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:10:58,970 --> 00:11:02,850
495
+ pallidus ูˆุฌู…ุนู†ุง ุงู„ุจูŠูˆุชุงู…ูŠู† ู…ุน ุงู„ูƒูˆุฏุงุช ู…ุน ุจุนุถ
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:11:02,850 --> 00:11:08,670
499
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ striatum ุงูˆ neo striatum striatum ุงูˆ neo
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:11:08,670 --> 00:11:16,170
503
+ striatumู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ู‡ู… ุฏูˆุฑ ููŠ ุชุฎุฒูŠู† ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ููŠ ู…ุฑุถ
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:11:16,170 --> 00:11:20,310
507
+ ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฎุฒูˆู† ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู…ู† 70 ู„ 80%
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:11:20,310 --> 00:11:26,730
511
+ ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ุนู„ุงู…ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุดุฑุงุฑ ุงู„ุฑุนุงุด ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒูˆุฏูŠุฉ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:11:26,730 --> 00:11:34,030
515
+ ู…ุซู„ ุญุฑู ุงู„ C ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ head body ูˆ tail ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:11:34,030 --> 00:11:41,520
519
+ tail ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ amygdaloid bodySubstantia Negra
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:11:41,520 --> 00:11:49,100
523
+ Substantia Negra ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุตุฏุฑ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:11:49,100 --> 00:11:55,360
527
+ ุชู„ุนุจ ุฏูˆุฑ ู‡ูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ subthalamus Substantia Negra
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:11:55,360 --> 00:12:03,780
531
+ Substantia
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:12:03,780 --> 00:12:09,250
535
+ Negra ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ mid brainูˆ ุงู„ subthalamus ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:12:09,250 --> 00:12:12,230
539
+ ููŠ ุงู„ diencephalon ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุฃู†ุงุทู… ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ู‡ุฐูˆู„
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:12:12,230 --> 00:12:18,410
543
+ ุงุนุชุจุฑูˆุง ุฃุดูŠุงุก ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ subthalamus ุงู„ diencephalon ูˆ
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:12:18,410 --> 00:12:22,760
547
+ substantia midbrain ู„ูƒู† ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ physiologyGood
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:12:22,760 --> 00:12:27,760
551
+ relation between the subthalamus and a substantia
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:12:27,760 --> 00:12:32,940
555
+ nigra ูŠุนุชุจุฑ substantia nigra ูˆ ุงู„ subthalamus ู…ู†
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:12:32,940 --> 00:12:36,160
559
+ ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ูุณูŠูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู„ุงู‚ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ extra pyramidal
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:12:36,160 --> 00:12:40,600
563
+ nervous system the neurons of the substantia nigra
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:12:40,600 --> 00:12:46,320
567
+ are dopaminergic ุจูุฑุฒูˆู…ุงุฏุฉ ุฃูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ููŠ
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:12:46,320 --> 00:12:51,710
571
+ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ูˆ
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:12:51,710 --> 00:12:55,970
575
+ ุงู„acetylcholine ู…ุชุณุงูˆูŠู†ุŒ ููŠ balance ุจูŠู†ู‡ู…ุŒ ููŠ
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:12:55,970 --> 00:13:00,670
579
+ balance ุจูŠู† ุงู„acetylcholine ูˆ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†ุŒ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:13:00,670 --> 00:13:04,370
583
+ inhibitoryุŒ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ inhibition ูˆ ุงู„acetylcholine
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:13:04,370 --> 00:13:09,490
587
+ excitationุŒ stimulationุŒ ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ูƒูุฉ ู…ุชุณุงูˆูŠุฉ
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:13:09,490 --> 00:13:16,040
591
+ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู…ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุจู‚ู„ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†ุŒ
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:13:16,040 --> 00:13:20,920
595
+ ุจุชู‚ู„ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†ุŒ ู…ุฏุงู… ู‚ู„ุช ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†ุŒ ู†ุณุจุฉ
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:13:20,920 --> 00:13:27,420
599
+ ูˆุชู†ุงุณุจ ุฒุงุฏ ุงู„ุงุณูŠุชุงูŠุฑูƒูˆู„ูŠู†ุŒ ุจุญุฏุซ disbalanceุŒ
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:13:28,180 --> 00:13:31,000
603
+ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Normal Condition and Normal Population
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:13:31,000 --> 00:13:34,480
607
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุงู„ู€ Acetylcholine ูƒูˆู„ูŠู†ูŠุฑุฌูŠูƒ ุงู„ู€
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:13:34,480 --> 00:13:37,820
611
+ Excitation ูˆ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†ูŠุฑุฌูŠูƒ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:13:37,820 --> 00:13:43,840
615
+ ุงู„ุงู†ู‡ูŠุจูŠุดู† ููŠ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… Balance ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุญุฏุซ ู†ู‚ุต ุงูˆ
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:13:43,840 --> 00:13:50,130
619
+ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ููŠ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†ูƒูุฉ ู…ูŠู† ุฑุงุญ ุชุฑุฌุญ ุงู„ู€
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:13:50,130 --> 00:13:53,610
623
+ cholinergic ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ excitation ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุคุฏู‰ ุงู„ู‰
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:13:53,610 --> 00:13:57,130
627
+ ู…ุฑุถ ุงุณู…ู‡ Parkinson disease ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ุนุฑูู†ุง ููŠ
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:13:57,130 --> 00:14:01,330
631
+ Parkinson disease ู†ุณุจุฉ ูˆ ุชู†ุงุณุจ ุฑุงุญ ุงู†ุฎูุถ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:14:01,330 --> 00:14:04,290
635
+ ูˆ ูŠุฒูŠุฏ ุงู„acetylcholine ู‡ูˆ ุงู„acetylcholine ู…ุง ุฒุงุฏ
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:14:04,290 --> 00:14:09,610
639
+ ู‡ูˆ ุงู† ุงู†ุฎูุถ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุฏู‡ ูู‚ุฏูˆุง ุงู„
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:14:09,610 --> 00:14:14,130
643
+ balance ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ูˆ
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:14:14,130 --> 00:14:19,760
647
+ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ acetylcholine ู†ุณุจุฉ ูˆ ุชู†ุงุณุจููŠ good contact
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:14:19,760 --> 00:14:23,000
651
+ ูˆ good connections between the substantia nigra in
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:14:23,000 --> 00:14:27,220
655
+ the midbrain with globus pallidus with lentiform
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:14:27,220 --> 00:14:30,820
659
+ nucleus ุงูˆ ู…ุน ุงู„ุณุชุฑูŠุงุชู… ูƒุงู† ููŠ good connection
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:14:30,820 --> 00:14:38,700
663
+ between substantia nigra and basal nucleiููŠ
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:14:38,700 --> 00:14:44,660
667
+ pathway ุงุณู…ู‡ Negro striatum pathway Negro striatum
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:14:44,660 --> 00:14:48,840
671
+ pathway ู‡ุฐุง Negro striatum pathway ุจุนู…ู„ connection
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:14:48,840 --> 00:14:54,140
675
+ between substantia negra and ุจูŠุฒุงู† ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:14:54,140 --> 00:15:00,820
679
+ Negro striatum pathway between mid brain and
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:15:00,820 --> 00:15:05,120
683
+ striatum ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:15:05,880 --> 00:15:10,440
687
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Substantia Negra ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ cerebral
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:15:10,440 --> 00:15:16,460
691
+ peduncles ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ middle brain ููŠู‡ good
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:15:16,460 --> 00:15:20,420
695
+ connections ุจูŠู† ุงู„ Substantia Negra ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุจูŠุฒุง
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:15:20,420 --> 00:15:24,960
699
+ ุงู„ู†ู‚ู„ูŠุงูŠ ุฃูˆ striatum ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ pathway ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:15:24,960 --> 00:15:28,640
703
+ ุจูŠุณู…ูŠ ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ Negro striatum pathway ู…ู† ุงู„
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:15:28,640 --> 00:15:33,760
707
+ Substantia Negra ุจุชู… ุฅูุฑุงุฒ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ูˆ ุชุฎุฒูŠู†ู‡ ููŠ
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:15:33,760 --> 00:15:42,570
711
+ ุงู„ striatumุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:15:42,570 --> 00:15:46,470
715
+ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ุฑุถ ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุฑุงุญ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ู†ู‚ุต ูˆุงู†ุฎูุงุถ
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:15:46,470 --> 00:15:52,850
719
+ ููŠ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุนู†ุฏ
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:15:52,850 --> 00:15:56,850
723
+ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ููŠ ุงู„ corpus striatum ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† balance
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:15:56,850 --> 00:16:00,320
727
+ between cholinergic neuronsุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฃุณูŠุชุงูŠู„ ูƒู„ูŠู†
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:16:00,320 --> 00:16:04,500
731
+ ูˆุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†ูŠุฑุฌูŠูƒ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ู†ูุณู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:16:04,500 --> 00:16:08,500
735
+ ุงู„ู…ุฎุฒูˆู† ุงู„ุงุญุชูŠุงุทูŠ ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุทุจ ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:16:08,500 --> 00:16:13,340
739
+ balance ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ู‡ุฐุง ุดูŠุก ุฌูŠุฏ ุงู„ excitation ูƒู„ูŠู†ูŠุฑุฌูŠูƒ
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:16:13,340 --> 00:16:18,720
743
+ ูˆ ุงู„ inhibition ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†ูŠุฑุฌูŠูƒ
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:16:18,720 --> 00:16:22,520
747
+ ุงู„ู„ุญุธุฉ ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ููŠ ู…ุฑุถ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุฃุฏู†ุงุก imbalance
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:16:24,130 --> 00:16:28,070
751
+ ุงู„ุงุณูŠุชุงูŠู„ ุงู„ูƒูˆู„ูŠู† ู…ุง ุฒุงุฏ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ู„ูƒู† ุญุฏุซ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:16:28,070 --> 00:16:32,670
755
+ ููŠ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ุชู†ุงุณุจ ุฒุงุฏ
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:16:32,670 --> 00:16:35,870
759
+ ุงู„ุงุณูŠุชุงูŠู„ ุงู„ูƒูˆู„ูŠู† ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุฑุงุญ ูŠู‚ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู‰ ู…ุฑุถ ุงุณู…ู‡
760
+
761
+ 191
762
+ 00:16:35,870 --> 00:16:40,270
763
+ Parkinson disease ุงูˆ ู…ุฑุถ ุดุฑุน ุงู„ุฑุนุงุด ุงุญู†ุง ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง
764
+
765
+ 192
766
+ 00:16:40,270 --> 00:16:43,830
767
+ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ pathophysiology ูˆ etiology of
768
+
769
+ 193
770
+ 00:16:43,830 --> 00:16:49,690
771
+ Parkinson disease ู„ูŠุด ุตู…ูˆู‡ุง substantia nigra ู‡ุฏู
772
+
773
+ 194
774
+ 00:16:49,690 --> 00:16:54,650
775
+ ููŠ middle brain ู†ูŠุฌุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃุณูˆุฏุนุดุงู†ู‡ุง ุบุงู…ู‚ุฉ dark
776
+
777
+ 195
778
+ 00:16:54,650 --> 00:16:58,350
779
+ ููŠู‡ุง pigmented neuron ุณู…ูŠู†ุงู‡ุง Substantia Negra
780
+
781
+ 196
782
+ 00:16:58,350 --> 00:17:02,190
783
+ ู†ู„ุงุญุธ ููŠ ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ loss of
784
+
785
+ 197
786
+ 00:17:02,190 --> 00:17:06,490
787
+ pigmented neurons ูˆ ุงู„ Substantia Negra ุชุชุญูˆู„ ู„
788
+
789
+ 198
790
+ 00:17:06,490 --> 00:17:13,510
791
+ more pale more pale ุงู‡ ุจู‡ุฏู ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ูˆูŠู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง mid
792
+
793
+ 199
794
+ 00:17:13,510 --> 00:17:17,570
795
+ brain ู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† disease ูˆูŠู† ููŠ mid brain ู„ normal
796
+
797
+ 200
798
+ 00:17:18,450 --> 00:17:22,030
799
+ ูˆูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ pigmented neurons more dark ู‡ู†ุงุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰
800
+
801
+ 201
802
+ 00:17:22,030 --> 00:17:27,370
803
+ ู‡ุฐูŠ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ healthy person ูˆู‡ู†ุง substantia nigra
804
+
805
+ 202
806
+ 00:17:27,370 --> 00:17:31,270
807
+ more pale ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ Parkinson disease
808
+
809
+ 203
810
+ 00:17:31,270 --> 00:17:34,990
811
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐูŠ normal ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ Parkinson disease
812
+
813
+ 204
814
+ 00:17:34,990 --> 00:17:38,210
815
+ classification
816
+
817
+ 205
818
+ 00:17:38,210 --> 00:17:40,130
819
+ of parkinsonism
820
+
821
+ 206
822
+ 00:17:42,140 --> 00:17:48,720
823
+ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† 85% ู…ู† ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง idiopathic
824
+
825
+ 207
826
+ 00:17:48,720 --> 00:17:55,580
827
+ ุงุฏูŠูˆ ุจุงุซูŠูƒ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ 15% ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง secondary ุจุฑูƒู†ุณุงู†ูŠุฒู…
828
+
829
+ 208
830
+ 00:17:55,580 --> 00:18:00,460
831
+ ุงุฏูŠูˆุชูˆ ู„ูŠุฌูŠู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† drug induced ุจุฑูƒู†ุณุงู†ูŠุฒู… ููŠ
832
+
833
+ 209
834
+ 00:18:00,460 --> 00:18:05,140
835
+ ู…ุฑุถู‰ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ุฃุฏูˆูŠุฉ antipsychotic drugs ู‡ุฐู‡
836
+
837
+ 210
838
+ 00:18:05,140 --> 00:18:08,600
839
+ antipsychotic drugs ุฑุงุญ ุชุนู…ู„ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ูˆู†ู‚ุต ู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ
840
+
841
+ 211
842
+ 00:18:08,600 --> 00:18:14,180
843
+ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†ูˆุชุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ extrapyramidal manifestation as
844
+
845
+ 212
846
+ 00:18:14,180 --> 00:18:17,840
847
+ Parkinson ุฃูˆ Parkinsonian syndrome ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ
848
+
849
+ 213
850
+ 00:18:17,840 --> 00:18:21,980
851
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู†ุง ูƒุทุจูŠุจ ุงู†ุง ุจุนุฑู ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‡ู„ุงุฌ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุนู…ู„ ุฎูุถ
852
+
853
+ 214
854
+ 00:18:21,980 --> 00:18:26,560
855
+ ู„ูŠู‡ ู„ุงุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุงู†ุง ุจุฑูˆุญ ุจุนุทูŠ ู‡ู„ุงุฌ ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ ุงุฑุชุงู†
856
+
857
+ 215
858
+ 00:18:26,560 --> 00:18:30,440
859
+ ุงูˆ Trioxifenidyl ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‡ู„ุงุฌ ุจูŠุฎูุถู„ูŠ ูƒู…ุงู† ุงู„
860
+
861
+ 216
862
+ 00:18:30,440 --> 00:18:33,320
863
+ culinary ุงู„ุงุณูŠุทุงูŠุง ุงู„ูƒูˆู„ูŠู† ุนุดุงู† ุงุญุงูุธ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
864
+
865
+ 217
866
+ 00:18:33,320 --> 00:18:37,020
867
+ balance ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุง ุฑุงุญ ูŠุญุฏุซ complications
868
+
869
+ 218
870
+ 00:18:37,020 --> 00:18:45,250
871
+ ู„ู„ู‡ู„ุงุฌ2- Vascular Parkinsonism 3% Toxin-induced
872
+
873
+ 219
874
+ 00:18:45,250 --> 00:18:48,930
875
+ Parkinsonism ู†ุงุฌุญ ุนู† ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุณู…ูˆู… Recurrent Head
876
+
877
+ 220
878
+ 00:18:48,930 --> 00:18:54,560
879
+ Traumapost encephalitis ูˆุถูŠูู‡ ู…ู† ุนู†ุฏู‰ tumor ูŠูˆู…
880
+
881
+ 221
882
+ 00:18:54,560 --> 00:18:57,440
883
+ ุงู„ุฃูŠุงู… ุฌุงู†ู‰ ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู„ู‰ ุนูŠุงุชู‰ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุฃุนุฑุงุถ parkinson's
884
+
885
+ 222
886
+ 00:18:57,440 --> 00:19:02,120
887
+ typical parkinson's disease ุตูˆุฑุชู‡ ACT ู„ู‚ูŠุช ุนู†ุฏู‡
888
+
889
+ 223
890
+ 00:19:02,120 --> 00:19:05,340
891
+ tumor ููŠ ุงู„substantia nigra ููŠ ุงู„ middle brain ููŠ
892
+
893
+ 224
894
+ 00:19:05,340 --> 00:19:12,400
895
+ tumor ูˆู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุณุจุจ ู„ู†ุง secondary parkinsonism ุงู„ุขู†
896
+
897
+ 225
898
+ 00:19:12,400 --> 00:19:17,060
899
+ ูู‡ู…ู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุตุญ ุงูŠุด ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุฃุฎุฑ
900
+
901
+ 226
902
+ 00:19:17,060 --> 00:19:21,750
903
+ ุงู„ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถุฅูŠุด ุงู„ clinical manifestation
904
+
905
+ 227
906
+ 00:19:21,750 --> 00:19:25,870
907
+ of diseaseุŸ ูƒูŠู ุฃู†ุง ุฃุดุฎุต ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู†ุŸ ุฃู†ุง ุจุดุฎุตู‡
908
+
909
+ 228
910
+ 00:19:25,870 --> 00:19:29,450
911
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุดุงุฑุนุŒ ู‡ูˆ ุจู…ุดูŠุŒ ู…ู† ุญุฏ ู…ุง ูŠููˆุช ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุจุงุจ
912
+
913
+ 229
914
+ 00:19:29,450 --> 00:19:32,950
915
+ ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงุฏุฉุŒ ุจุดุฎุต ุฃู†ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู†ุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„
916
+
917
+ 230
918
+ 00:19:32,950 --> 00:19:39,030
919
+ inspectionุŒ ุนู†ุง ุฃู‡ู… symptoms, tremor at restุŒ
920
+
921
+ 231
922
+ 00:19:39,030 --> 00:19:45,090
923
+ tremor at restุŒ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุจุฑุงุฏูŠูƒูŠู†ุงุฒูŠุงุจูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุงูŠู‡ุŸ
924
+
925
+ 232
926
+ 00:19:45,090 --> 00:19:48,550
927
+ generalized slowness of movement ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูŠุฏู…ุดูŠู‡
928
+
929
+ 233
930
+ 00:19:48,550 --> 00:19:52,330
931
+ ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ุง shoveling gait shoveling gait ู…ุงุดูŠ ููŠ
932
+
933
+ 234
934
+ 00:19:52,330 --> 00:19:55,750
935
+ efflection ููŠ ุงู„ upper limbs ูˆ efflection ููŠ ุงู„
936
+
937
+ 235
938
+ 00:19:55,750 --> 00:20:00,330
939
+ lower limbs ู…ุน bradygyanasia ูˆ tremor ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู…
940
+
941
+ 236
942
+ 00:20:00,330 --> 00:20:04,270
943
+ ู…ุงุดูŠุฉ ุฒูŠ ู‡ูŠุท ุจุทูŠุฆุฉ ู…ุงุดูŠุชู‡ู… ูˆ resting ูˆ tremor ุฒูŠ
944
+
945
+ 237
946
+ 00:20:04,270 --> 00:20:07,850
947
+ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ pill rolling ุจูŠู‚ุนุฏ ุจุณุจุญุฉ ุจุณุจุญ
948
+
949
+ 238
950
+ 00:20:10,240 --> 00:20:14,020
951
+ ุจูƒูˆู† ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุฑุงุฌู„ ุงู„ู‚ุงู„ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ู…ุฑุถ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู†
952
+
953
+ 239
954
+ 00:20:14,020 --> 00:20:17,920
955
+ muscle
956
+
957
+ 240
958
+ 00:20:17,920 --> 00:20:21,220
959
+ rigidity ุจูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… muscle plasticity ุงูˆ rigidity
960
+
961
+ 241
962
+ 00:20:21,220 --> 00:20:27,220
963
+ and postural instability ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุชูุงุฏ cardinal
964
+
965
+ 242
966
+ 00:20:27,220 --> 00:20:33,400
967
+ symptoms of parkinson disease ูˆุงุญุฏ bradykinesia ุงูˆ
968
+
969
+ 243
970
+ 00:20:33,400 --> 00:20:39,220
971
+ ู‡ูŠุจูˆูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒูŠุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุทู‚ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ2-resting tremors 3
972
+
973
+ 244
974
+ 00:20:39,220 --> 00:20:44,320
975
+ -muscle rigidity 4-postural instability ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ
976
+
977
+ 245
978
+ 00:20:44,320 --> 00:20:47,880
979
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู…ุงู…ุงุดูŠ ู…ุงููŠุด ุซู‚ุฉ ููŠ ู…ุดุชู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃูŠุด ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡
980
+
981
+ 246
982
+ 00:20:47,880 --> 00:20:53,850
983
+ disbalanceูˆุงุถุญ ุงู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู…ุน ุงู„ุจุดุฑุฉ disability ู…ู…ูƒู†
984
+
985
+ 247
986
+ 00:20:53,850 --> 00:20:57,290
987
+ ุงูŠู‡ ูŠุญุฏุซ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุณุฑุนุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ูŠุณุฑุน ุนุดุงู† ูŠุญุงูุธ
988
+
989
+ 248
990
+ 00:20:57,290 --> 00:21:01,930
991
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ imbalance ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ู…ูŠู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู… ูŠุฌุน ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡
992
+
993
+ 249
994
+ 00:21:01,930 --> 00:21:05,390
995
+ difficulty rising from sitting position ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ
996
+
997
+ 250
998
+ 00:21:05,390 --> 00:21:08,970
999
+ ุตุจุงุญุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูƒุฑุจุด ู…ุด ู‚ุงุฏุฑ ูŠุชุญุฑูƒ ููŠ
1000
+
1001
+ 251
1002
+ 00:21:08,970 --> 00:21:13,370
1003
+ difficulty ููŠ initiation of movement ูƒุฌูˆูŠุฉ ูู†ูˆู…ู†ุง
1004
+
1005
+ 252
1006
+ 00:21:13,370 --> 00:21:16,510
1007
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู„ูˆ ูุญุตู†ุง muscle rigidity muscle tone
1008
+
1009
+ 253
1010
+ 00:21:16,510 --> 00:21:19,410
1011
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู†ูุณ ุงู„ terrace ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฅูŠู‡ ุฏูˆุด ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฒูŠ
1012
+
1013
+ 254
1014
+ 00:21:19,410 --> 00:21:20,750
1015
+ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฒูŠ terrace ู…ุงุดูŠ
1016
+
1017
+ 255
1018
+ 00:21:23,960 --> 00:21:28,560
1019
+ ุฎุงุตุฉ ู„ู…ุง ู†ูƒูˆู† ู†ู‚ุน ุชุฑูŠู…ุฑ ูˆ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… resting trimmer
1020
+
1021
+ 256
1022
+ 00:21:28,560 --> 00:21:32,460
1023
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู†ุธุงู… ุจุงู„ rolling ุจุงู„ rolling ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ูˆุงุญุฏ
1024
+
1025
+ 257
1026
+ 00:21:32,460 --> 00:21:36,560
1027
+ ุฌุงุนุฉ ุจูŠุณุจุญ ููŠ trimmer ุจูŠู† ุงู„ thumb ูˆ ุงู„ four
1028
+
1029
+ 258
1030
+ 00:21:36,560 --> 00:21:42,020
1031
+ fingers ููŠ ุงู„ rest ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ู†ุจุฏุฃ
1032
+
1033
+ 259
1034
+ 00:21:42,020 --> 00:21:48,520
1035
+ ุจุฃูˆู„ ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ rest trimmer rest trimmer ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
1036
+
1037
+ 260
1038
+ 00:21:50,090 --> 00:21:56,190
1039
+ most common first symptom ุณุจุนูŠู† ู„ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุณุจุนูŠู† ููŠ
1040
+
1041
+ 261
1042
+ 00:21:56,190 --> 00:22:02,590
1043
+ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุงูˆ ู…ุฑุถ ุดุนุฑ ุงู„ุฑุนุงุด ุจูŠุจุฏูˆ
1044
+
1045
+ 262
1046
+ 00:22:02,590 --> 00:22:08,130
1047
+ ุจูŠุด ุจูŠุจุฏูˆ breast tremor ูˆุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู† ู†ุธุงู… ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุจุงู„
1048
+
1049
+ 263
1050
+ 00:22:08,130 --> 00:22:12,750
1051
+ rolling ุจุงู„ ุงูŠู‡ rolling between the thumb and four
1052
+
1053
+ 264
1054
+ 00:22:12,750 --> 00:22:16,910
1055
+ fingers ู„ูƒู† ู„ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู† ูƒู„ ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠูƒูˆู†
1056
+
1057
+ 265
1058
+ 00:22:16,910 --> 00:22:20,310
1059
+ ู…ุนุงู‡ู… breast tremorุนุดุฑูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุญู„ู‚ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1060
+
1061
+ 266
1062
+ 00:22:20,310 --> 00:22:23,750
1063
+ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… muscle rigidity only without
1064
+
1065
+ 267
1066
+ 00:22:23,750 --> 00:22:29,270
1067
+ resting tremor ุทุจ what is the character of resting
1068
+
1069
+ 268
1070
+ 00:22:29,270 --> 00:22:32,490
1071
+ tremorุŸ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ character ุจุชุงุน resting tremorุŸ ูˆุงุญุฏ
1072
+
1073
+ 269
1074
+ 00:22:32,490 --> 00:22:39,170
1075
+ tremor at rest ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุฑุงุญุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู‡ุฏูˆุก ููŠ ุงู„ุณูƒูˆุช
1076
+
1077
+ 270
1078
+ 00:22:39,170 --> 00:22:43,490
1079
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ tremor ุงุซู†ูŠู† tremor improved with
1080
+
1081
+ 271
1082
+ 00:22:43,490 --> 00:22:48,000
1083
+ movement ู…ุน ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุจุชุญุณู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฑุฌูุนู„ู„ุฑุดูˆุฉ ุชุชุญุณู† ู…ุน
1084
+
1085
+ 272
1086
+ 00:22:48,000 --> 00:22:52,920
1087
+ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ tremor disappear during night during
1088
+
1089
+ 273
1090
+ 00:22:52,920 --> 00:22:56,860
1091
+ sleep ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู†ูˆู… ุจูŠุฎุชููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ tremor ุทุจ ุญุฏ ูŠุณุฃู„
1092
+
1093
+ 274
1094
+ 00:22:56,860 --> 00:23:01,020
1095
+ ู„ูŠู‡ ูŠุง ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ุงู„ tremor ุจูŠุฎุชููŠ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ู†ูˆู…ุŸ ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ
1096
+
1097
+ 275
1098
+ 00:23:01,020 --> 00:23:04,590
1099
+ ู„ุฃู† ุงุญู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ู†ู†ุงู…ููŠ ุงู„ brain ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุดุฆ ุงุณู…ู‡
1100
+
1101
+ 276
1102
+ 00:23:04,590 --> 00:23:08,390
1103
+ reticular formation ุนู…ุฑู‡ ุญุฏ ู†ุงู… ูˆ ูŠุดุฏ ุฌุณู…ู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃ
1104
+
1105
+ 277
1106
+ 00:23:08,390 --> 00:23:11,830
1107
+ ู„ุงุฒู… ู†ุฑุชุฎู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ reticular formation ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู„ู‡
1108
+
1109
+ 278
1110
+ 00:23:11,830 --> 00:23:15,510
1111
+ generalized hypotonia ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู„ู‡ ุงุณุชุฑุฎุงุก ูƒุงู…ู„ ุนุดุงู†
1112
+
1113
+ 279
1114
+ 00:23:15,510 --> 00:23:18,650
1115
+ ูŠู‚ุฑู ุงู„ู†ุงู… ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชุนู…ู„ inhibition love
1116
+
1117
+ 280
1118
+ 00:23:18,650 --> 00:23:21,690
1119
+ tremor ูˆ ุจูŠุฎุชููŠ ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ุฑุดุฏ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู†ู‡ู…
1120
+
1121
+ 281
1122
+ 00:23:24,990 --> 00:23:29,410
1123
+ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุจุฑุงุฏูŠูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒูŠุง ุงูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุฑุงุฏูŠูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒูŠุงุŸ
1124
+
1125
+ 282
1126
+ 00:23:29,410 --> 00:23:33,830
1127
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูŠุจูˆูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒูŠุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุทู‚ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุจุทู‚ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ
1128
+
1129
+ 283
1130
+ 00:23:33,830 --> 00:23:36,870
1131
+ ู„ูŠู‡ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงู‡ู… ุจุทู‚ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… muscle
1132
+
1133
+ 284
1134
+ 00:23:36,870 --> 00:23:41,730
1135
+ rigidity ุฌุณู…ู‡ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ุฎุดุจุŒ ู…ุชูŠุจุณ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ slowest of
1136
+
1137
+ 285
1138
+ 00:23:41,730 --> 00:23:46,140
1139
+ movementdifficulty with daily activities ูŠุนู†ูŠ
1140
+
1141
+ 286
1142
+ 00:23:46,140 --> 00:23:51,440
1143
+ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุตุนูˆุจุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุญูŠุงุฉ ุงู„ูŠูˆู…ูŠุฉ ูƒุชุงุจุฉ ููŠ ุง๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝุฃูƒู„ ุฃุซู†ุงุก
1144
+
1145
+ 287
1146
+ 00:23:51,440 --> 00:23:55,860
1147
+ ุงู„ุฃูƒู„ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ุญู„ู‚ุฉ ุฏู‡ ูƒุงู† ู…ูŠู„ ุชู…ุงู… ููŠ ุงู„ุงุณุชุญู…ุงู… ููŠ
1148
+
1149
+ 288
1150
+ 00:23:55,860 --> 00:23:59,500
1151
+ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ ุงู„ุฑูˆุชูŠู†ูŠ ุจุชุงุนู‡ ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ูƒู„ ุนุถู„ุชู‡ ุฅูŠู‡ ููŠ
1152
+
1153
+ 289
1154
+ 00:23:59,500 --> 00:24:03,500
1155
+ ูˆุถุน ุฑุฌู„ุชูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… difficulty initiation of movement
1156
+
1157
+ 290
1158
+ 00:24:04,330 --> 00:24:07,910
1159
+ decrease blinking and slowness of expression
1160
+
1161
+ 291
1162
+ 00:24:07,910 --> 00:24:14,190
1163
+ muscle ุจู„ุงุญุธ ุงู„ูˆุฌู‡ ุจุชุงุนู‡ ุฑู…ุดุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุฎููŠูุฉ ูˆุฌู‡ู‡ ูƒูŠู
1164
+
1165
+ 292
1166
+ 00:24:14,190 --> 00:24:20,370
1167
+ ุฒูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจุงู†ุฌ ู‡ูŠูƒ ู…ู…ุณูˆุญุฉ ุฒูŠ ุงูŠู‡ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง mask like
1168
+
1169
+ 293
1170
+ 00:24:20,370 --> 00:24:25,050
1171
+ appearance ู…ุซู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู„ุงุจุณ mask ุนูˆุฌู‡ู‡ ู…ุงููŠุด ุชุนุจูŠุฑ
1172
+
1173
+ 294
1174
+ 00:24:25,050 --> 00:24:28,850
1175
+ ู†ุถุญูƒ ู†ุจุชุณู… ู†ูƒุดุฑ ุงู„ุชุนุจูŠุฑ ู‡ุฐุง ุจุชุฎู ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู…ู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ู†
1176
+
1177
+ 295
1178
+ 00:24:28,850 --> 00:24:32,330
1179
+ ุงู„ muscle rigidity ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ mask like appearance ุงูˆ
1180
+
1181
+ 296
1182
+ 00:24:32,330 --> 00:24:38,020
1183
+ faceู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงู‡ู… dysarthriaุŒ dysphagiaุŒ ู„ูŠู‡
1184
+
1185
+ 297
1186
+ 00:24:38,020 --> 00:24:40,860
1187
+ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงู‡ู… dysphagia ูˆ dysarthria ูˆ difficulty in
1188
+
1189
+ 298
1190
+ 00:24:40,860 --> 00:24:45,540
1191
+ masticationsุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… oropharyngeal
1192
+
1193
+ 299
1194
+ 00:24:45,540 --> 00:24:48,640
1195
+ muscle rigidityุŒ ู…ู† ุฃูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ oropharyngeal
1196
+
1197
+ 300
1198
+ 00:24:48,640 --> 00:24:51,880
1199
+ muscle rigidityุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุจุชุฃุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุจุชุฃุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰
1200
+
1201
+ 301
1202
+ 00:24:51,880 --> 00:24:55,440
1203
+ difficulty of swallowing and difficulty of
1204
+
1205
+ 302
1206
+ 00:24:55,440 --> 00:24:59,700
1207
+ masticationููŠ ุงู„ speech ูƒู…ุงู† ุจุชุนู…ู„ู†ุง dysarthria
1208
+
1209
+ 303
1210
+ 00:24:59,700 --> 00:25:03,700
1211
+ ุงูŠู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุตูˆุชู‡ู…ุŸ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… whispering
1212
+
1213
+ 304
1214
+ 00:25:03,700 --> 00:25:08,260
1215
+ speech ุตูˆุชู‡ู… ู‡ุงูุช ู…ุด ู†ุจุฑุท ุงู„ุตูˆุช ุงู„ุนุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
1216
+
1217
+ 305
1218
+ 00:25:08,260 --> 00:25:15,000
1219
+ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู†ู‡ ุฒูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจู‡ู…ุณ ู‡ู…ุณ muscle rigidity ุงูˆ
1220
+
1221
+ 306
1222
+ 00:25:15,000 --> 00:25:18,160
1223
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง plasticity it is a type of muscle
1224
+
1225
+ 307
1226
+ 00:25:18,160 --> 00:25:22,250
1227
+ hypertoniaุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃู†ุง resistant to passive movement,
1228
+
1229
+ 308
1230
+ 00:25:23,330 --> 00:25:27,910
1231
+ a friction flexor and extensor group muscle ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
1232
+
1233
+ 309
1234
+ 00:25:27,910 --> 00:25:30,890
1235
+ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง plastic ุงูˆ rigidity type ู„ูƒู† ู„ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู†
1236
+
1237
+ 310
1238
+ 00:25:30,890 --> 00:25:34,690
1239
+ ู…ุนุงู‡ู… trimmer ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง cooking quality
1240
+
1241
+ 311
1242
+ 00:25:34,690 --> 00:25:39,170
1243
+ ุงูˆ cooking ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒูŠู ุงู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุจุชุฑุณ ู„ู…ุง ุงู†ุง ุญุงุฑูƒ
1244
+
1245
+ 312
1246
+ 00:25:39,170 --> 00:25:42,350
1247
+ ุงู„ูŠุฏ ุงู†ุง ุจุญุงุฑูƒู‡ุง ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ูŠ ูƒุนุงุฏ ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ูƒู† ุนู†ุฏ
1248
+
1249
+ 313
1250
+ 00:25:42,350 --> 00:25:47,190
1251
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงูŠุดุŸูˆุงุจุญุซ ู…ุณุชู„ุชูˆู† ุชุฌูŠู‡ ููŠ
1252
+
1253
+ 314
1254
+ 00:25:47,190 --> 00:25:51,990
1255
+ ุฒูŠ ุงูŠู‡ ุชู‚ุทูŠุน ู‡ูŠูƒ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ู‡ุฐูŠ ุจุชุณู…ูŠู‡ุง cogwheel
1256
+
1257
+ 315
1258
+ 00:25:51,990 --> 00:25:58,790
1259
+ phenomenon ุงุฎุฑ symptom ุงู„ gate ู…ุซู„ ู…ุง ู…ุซู„ุช ู„ูƒู…
1260
+
1261
+ 316
1262
+ 00:25:58,790 --> 00:26:03,030
1263
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… shoveling gate difficulty getting out
1264
+
1265
+ 317
1266
+ 00:26:03,030 --> 00:26:06,310
1267
+ of a chair ุงูˆ rolling over in bed ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจูŠุดูƒูŠ ุงู†ู‡
1268
+
1269
+ 318
1270
+ 00:26:06,310 --> 00:26:09,630
1271
+ ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑุด ูŠุชุญุฑูƒ ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑุด ูŠุฌู…ูŠ ุนู† ุงู„ูƒุฑุณูŠ ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑุด ูŠู„ู ูˆ ู‡ูˆ
1272
+
1273
+ 319
1274
+ 00:26:09,630 --> 00:26:15,330
1275
+ ู†ุงูŠู… ููŠ ุงู„ุณุฑูŠุฑ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงู‡ู… ุณู‚ูˆุท ูƒุชูŠุฑspeech
1276
+
1277
+ 320
1278
+ 00:26:15,330 --> 00:26:18,870
1279
+ ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง soft speech whispering rapid speech ุทุจ ูˆ
1280
+
1281
+ 321
1282
+ 00:26:18,870 --> 00:26:21,990
1283
+ ุงู„ูƒุชุงุจุฉ ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ู… ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุตุฑ ุฅุฌู„ูŠุชูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ู…
1284
+
1285
+ 322
1286
+ 00:26:21,990 --> 00:26:26,910
1287
+ small a handwriting ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… microigraphia
1288
+
1289
+ 323
1290
+ 00:26:26,910 --> 00:26:29,910
1291
+ micro ุงูŠู‡ุŸ microigraphia ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฎุทู‡ู… ุตุบูŠุฑ
1292
+
1293
+ 324
1294
+ 00:26:29,910 --> 00:26:35,350
1295
+ micrographia
1296
+
1297
+ 325
1298
+ 00:26:39,600 --> 00:26:43,060
1299
+ additional clinical features of Parkinson disease
1300
+
1301
+ 326
1302
+ 00:26:43,060 --> 00:26:48,000
1303
+ ุงู„ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุจุชุญุฏุซ ู„ู…ุฑุถ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุจุดุฑ ุนู† ุงู„
1304
+
1305
+ 327
1306
+ 00:26:48,000 --> 00:26:52,400
1307
+ stability ุนุฏู… ุงู„ุซู‚ุฉ ูˆ ุนุฏู… ุงู„ุฅุชุฒุงู† difficulty of
1308
+
1309
+ 328
1310
+ 00:26:52,400 --> 00:26:56,300
1311
+ the autonomic nervous system ุฅูŠู‡ ุจุญุฏุซุŸ
1312
+
1313
+ 329
1314
+ 00:26:56,300 --> 00:27:01,700
1315
+ constipation, bladder dysfunction, excessive
1316
+
1317
+ 330
1318
+ 00:27:01,700 --> 00:27:07,910
1319
+ sweating, greasy skinุŒ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุงู„ุฏู‡ู†Sexual
1320
+
1321
+ 331
1322
+ 00:27:07,910 --> 00:27:11,390
1323
+ Difficulty and Insomnia ุฃุฑู‚ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ูˆู… ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰
1324
+
1325
+ 332
1326
+ 00:27:11,390 --> 00:27:17,670
1327
+ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุฏุฎู„ู‡ ููŠ depression, anxiety, psychosis ูˆููŠ
1328
+
1329
+ 333
1330
+ 00:27:17,670 --> 00:27:20,870
1331
+ ุงู„ later stage ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนู‡ู… decline ููŠ ุงู„ cognitive
1332
+
1333
+ 334
1334
+ 00:27:20,870 --> 00:27:24,530
1335
+ function ุจุชุฃุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ dementia ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฃู‡ู„ู‡ ุจูŠุดูƒูˆุง
1336
+
1337
+ 335
1338
+ 00:27:24,530 --> 00:27:30,670
1339
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจู†ุณู‰ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุฎุฑู ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุญุตู„ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู† ุทุจูŠุนุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ
1340
+
1341
+ 336
1342
+ 00:27:30,670 --> 00:27:36,200
1343
+ ููŠ ุงู„ advanced stage of Parkinson diseaseู„ุงู† ุงุชูƒู„ู…
1344
+
1345
+ 337
1346
+ 00:27:36,200 --> 00:27:40,140
1347
+ ุนู„ู‰ drug-induced parkinsonism ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฃู†ูˆุงุน
1348
+
1349
+ 338
1350
+ 00:27:40,140 --> 00:27:44,880
1351
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ parkinsonism ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฅู„ุงุฌุงุช ู…ุซู„
1352
+
1353
+ 339
1354
+ 00:27:44,880 --> 00:27:49,740
1355
+ antipsychotic drugs ุงู„ neuroleptic ููŠู†ูˆุซูŠุงุฒูŠู† ุงูˆ
1356
+
1357
+ 340
1358
+ 00:27:49,740 --> 00:27:54,260
1359
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ medicate ู‡ุฐู‡ ุญู‚ู†ุฉ ุงุชู†ุนุชู‡ุง ู…ุฑุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุดู‡ุฑ ู„ู…ุฑุถ
1360
+
1361
+ 341
1362
+ 00:27:54,260 --> 00:27:59,500
1363
+ ุงู„ุดูŠุฒูˆูุฑูŠู†ูŠุง ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ูุตุงู… ุญู‚ู†ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงุชู†ุนุชู‡ุง ู…ุฑุฉ ููŠ
1364
+
1365
+ 342
1366
+ 00:27:59,500 --> 00:28:03,140
1367
+ ุงู„ุดู‡ุฑ ู„ู„ู…ุฑูŠุถู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจูŠุฉ ุชุจู‚ู‰ ุชุชุงู†ู‰
1368
+
1369
+ 343
1370
+ 00:28:03,140 --> 00:28:05,720
1371
+ ุงู„ู€depletion ู„ู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุงุชู†ู‚ุต ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุชู… ุงู„ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ
1372
+
1373
+ 344
1374
+ 00:28:05,720 --> 00:28:09,840
1375
+ ู„ู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฅุญู†ุง ุฅุฐุง ู†ุนุทูŠ ุนู„ุงุฌ ุชุงู†ู‰
1376
+
1377
+ 345
1378
+ 00:28:09,840 --> 00:28:13,720
1379
+ ูŠุนู…ู„ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ู„ู„ Acetylcholine ุนุดุงู† ูŠุญุงูุธ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
1380
+
1381
+ 346
1382
+ 00:28:13,720 --> 00:28:18,300
1383
+ balance ุจูŠู† Acetylcholine ูˆุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰
1384
+
1385
+ 347
1386
+ 00:28:18,300 --> 00:28:22,060
1387
+ ู†ู‚ุต ุงู„ complications ูˆุนุฏู… ูˆุฌูˆุฏ complications ู…ู†
1388
+
1389
+ 348
1390
+ 00:28:22,060 --> 00:28:24,820
1391
+ ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ู‡ูˆ Phenothiazine ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุฃุนุทูŠู†ุง ุนู„ุงุฌ
1392
+
1393
+ 349
1394
+ 00:28:24,820 --> 00:28:29,240
1395
+ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ู„ู„ Acetylcholine ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ drug
1396
+
1397
+ 350
1398
+ 00:28:29,240 --> 00:28:33,740
1399
+ induced Parkinsonismุชู†ูŠู† Anti emetic drugs
1400
+
1401
+ 351
1402
+ 00:28:33,740 --> 00:28:40,080
1403
+ Metoclopromide ู‡ุฐุง ุนู„ุงุฌ ุจู†ุนุทูŠู‡ ู„ู…ู†ุŸ ู„ ุงู„ vomiting
1404
+
1405
+ 352
1406
+ 00:28:40,080 --> 00:28:43,180
1407
+ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชู‚ูŠู‚ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจูŠุฉ ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู†
1408
+
1409
+ 353
1410
+ 00:28:43,180 --> 00:28:47,160
1411
+ ูŠุนู…ู„ู†ุง extra pyramidal manifestation as dyskinesia
1412
+
1413
+ 354
1414
+ 00:28:47,160 --> 00:28:50,860
1415
+ ุญุฑูƒุงุช ู„ุง ุฅูŠุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ ูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุฌู‡ ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ูŠุฏูŠู†
1416
+
1417
+ 355
1418
+ 00:28:50,860 --> 00:28:58,080
1419
+ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุนู„ุงุฌุงุช ุจุชุนู…ู„ block ู„ู„ dopamine receptors ุทูŠุจ
1420
+
1421
+ 356
1422
+ 00:28:58,080 --> 00:29:02,610
1423
+ ุงุญู†ุง ุดุฎุตู†ุง ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุงู„ุขู† ุนู†ุฏ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู†ุจุฏู†ุง ุงู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน
1424
+
1425
+ 357
1426
+ 00:29:02,610 --> 00:29:07,330
1427
+ ุงุฎุฑ investigations ุงูŠุด ููŠ ูุญูˆุตุงุช ู„ุงุฒู…ุฉ ู„ู…ุฑุถ
1428
+
1429
+ 358
1430
+ 00:29:07,330 --> 00:29:11,610
1431
+ ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู†ุŸ ู„ุฃ ู…ุงููŠ laboratory test ุจูŠุดุฎุต ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู†
1432
+
1433
+ 359
1434
+ 00:29:11,610 --> 00:29:15,990
1435
+ ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุจูŠุดุฎุตู‡ clinically ุจุงู„ุนูŠู† ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ูุญูˆุตุงุช
1436
+
1437
+ 360
1438
+ 00:29:15,990 --> 00:29:20,770
1439
+ ุจู†ุนู…ู„ู‡ุง to exclude other diseaseูŠุนู†ูŠ brain CT and
1440
+
1441
+ 361
1442
+ 00:29:20,770 --> 00:29:24,370
1443
+ MRI ุจุชุนู…ู„ ุนุงู…ู„ู‡ู… ู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† to exclude
1444
+
1445
+ 362
1446
+ 00:29:24,370 --> 00:29:28,790
1447
+ structural lesion ุตูˆุฑ ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู†ุฏู‡ brain tumor ุนู†ุฏู‡
1448
+
1449
+ 363
1450
+ 00:29:28,790 --> 00:29:31,250
1451
+ ูˆุฑู… ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ Substance ูŠุฌุฑู‰ ุงูˆ ู„ุง
1452
+
1453
+ 364
1454
+ 00:29:31,250 --> 00:29:34,990
1455
+ ุดุฎุตู‡ ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† disease ู„ุฃ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุด primary ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ู…ุด
1456
+
1457
+ 365
1458
+ 00:29:34,990 --> 00:29:38,390
1459
+ idiopathic ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ secondary parkinsonism due to
1460
+
1461
+ 366
1462
+ 00:29:38,390 --> 00:29:41,990
1463
+ tumor ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ุงุฒู… ู†ุญุฏุฏ ููŠ focal brain damage ุงูˆ ู…ุงููŠ
1464
+
1465
+ 367
1466
+ 00:29:41,990 --> 00:29:48,230
1467
+ functional imagingููŠ functional imaging ุฃุฌู‡ุฒุฉ
1468
+
1469
+ 368
1470
+ 00:29:48,230 --> 00:29:52,570
1471
+ ุบุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฌุฏุง ุฒูŠ ุงู„ pit scan ูˆ ุงู„ spect ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1472
+
1473
+ 369
1474
+ 00:29:52,570 --> 00:29:55,930
1475
+ positron emission tomography ูˆ single photon
1476
+
1477
+ 370
1478
+ 00:29:55,930 --> 00:30:00,070
1479
+ emotion city ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุณุงุนุฏู†ุง ู„ ุงู„ diagnosis of
1480
+
1481
+ 371
1482
+ 00:30:00,070 --> 00:30:05,210
1483
+ Parkinson disease ุบูŠุฑ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠุณุงุนุฏู†ุง ููŠ ู…ุชุงุจุนุฉ ุนู„ุงุฌ
1484
+
1485
+ 372
1486
+ 00:30:05,210 --> 00:30:11,050
1487
+ ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ Parkinson ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ pit scanุฃูˆ
1488
+
1489
+ 373
1490
+ 00:30:11,050 --> 00:30:14,670
1491
+ positron emission tomography ููŠ ุงู„ bit scan ู‡ุฐุง
1492
+
1493
+ 374
1494
+ 00:30:14,670 --> 00:30:17,430
1495
+ ุจุฏุฑุณ ุงู„ functional ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ brain ุงู„ function
1496
+
1497
+ 375
1498
+ 00:30:17,430 --> 00:30:24,670
1499
+ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ brain ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ stratum ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูˆู†
1500
+
1501
+ 376
1502
+ 00:30:24,670 --> 00:30:28,470
1503
+ ุงู„ุฃุญู…ุฑ ู‡ุฐุง dopamine ู‡ุฐุง ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุฃู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ูƒู„ู‡ู… ูŠูƒูˆู†
1504
+
1505
+ 377
1506
+ 00:30:28,470 --> 00:30:32,010
1507
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ู…ุงุฐุง ุญุฏุซ ููŠ ู…ุฑุถ
1508
+
1509
+ 378
1510
+ 00:30:32,010 --> 00:30:37,130
1511
+ ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ุฑุนุงุด ุงู†ุฎูุถ ุชู… ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ููŠ ู†ุณุจุฉ
1512
+
1513
+ 379
1514
+ 00:30:37,130 --> 00:30:41,410
1515
+ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุญุงู…ู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู†ุฎูุถ ู‚ู„ุช ู‚ุจู„
1516
+
1517
+ 380
1518
+ 00:30:41,410 --> 00:30:45,210
1519
+ ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุทุจ ุงุนุทูŠู†ุง ุนู„ุงุฌ ู„ู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูˆู†ุตูˆุฑู‡ ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ
1520
+
1521
+ 381
1522
+ 00:30:45,210 --> 00:30:48,670
1523
+ ุจู†ู„ุงุญุธ ุงูŠุด ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ุฒุงุฏุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ู…ุด ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
1524
+
1525
+ 382
1526
+ 00:30:48,670 --> 00:30:56,610
1527
+ ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู†ู‡ู… single photon emission city single
1528
+
1529
+ 383
1530
+ 00:30:56,610 --> 00:31:02,050
1531
+ photon emission cityู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ููŠ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนุฉ ุชู„ุงุญุธ ุงูŠุด
1532
+
1533
+ 384
1534
+ 00:31:02,050 --> 00:31:09,010
1535
+ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ูุงุตู„ุฉ ูƒูˆู…ุฉ ุนุงู…ู„ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ููŠ
1536
+
1537
+ 385
1538
+ 00:31:09,010 --> 00:31:13,090
1539
+ ุงู„ูƒูˆุฏุงุช ูˆ ุงู„ุฏูŠู„ ุจุชุงุนู‡ุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุจูŠูˆุชุงู…ูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง
1540
+
1541
+ 386
1542
+ 00:31:13,090 --> 00:31:17,270
1543
+ ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุนู†ุฏ ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุทุจ ุงูŠู‡ ุญุฏุซ ููŠ ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู†ุŸ
1544
+
1545
+ 387
1546
+ 00:31:18,710 --> 00:31:23,970
1547
+ ู‚ู„ู„ ุงู„ู€ Apoptic ุญุฏุซ ู†ู‚ุต ุงู„ู€ Apoptic of ุงู„ุฏุจุงู…ูŠู† ุทุจ
1548
+
1549
+ 388
1550
+ 00:31:23,970 --> 00:31:28,290
1551
+ ู„ูˆ ุฃุนุทูŠู†ุง ุนู„ุงุฌ ูˆ ู‚ุฑุฑู†ุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชู„ุงุญุธ ุฒุงุฏุช ุนูˆุฏุช ุฅูŠู‡
1552
+
1553
+ 389
1554
+ 00:31:28,290 --> 00:31:32,310
1555
+ ุฑุฌุนุช ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ูุงุตู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูƒูˆู…ุฉ ู„ุญุฌู…ู‡ุง ุฃูˆ ุฃู‚ู„ ุดูŠุก ุจุตูŠุฑ
1556
+
1557
+ 390
1558
+ 00:31:35,940 --> 00:31:41,580
1559
+ ุณู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุนู„ุงุฌ ู…ุฑุถ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ูƒูŠู ู†ุนุงู„ุฌ ู…ุฑุถ
1560
+
1561
+ 391
1562
+ 00:31:41,580 --> 00:31:46,600
1563
+ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ู‚ุจู„ ุฃู† ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุนู„ุงุฌ ู…ุฑุถ ุจุงุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุณู†ุนูˆุฏ ุฅู„ู‰
1564
+
1565
+ 392
1566
+ 00:31:46,600 --> 00:31:49,740
1567
+ ุงู„ biochemistry ูˆ ู†ุนุฑู ู…ู† ุฃูŠู† ูŠุฃุชูŠ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง
1568
+
1569
+ 393
1570
+ 00:31:49,740 --> 00:31:54,180
1571
+ ุงูŠุด ู…ุตุฏุฑ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุนุดุงู† ู†ุนุงู„ุฌ ุตุญู‡ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุฃุตู„ู‡
1572
+
1573
+ 394
1574
+ 00:31:54,180 --> 00:32:00,310
1575
+ ู…ู† amino acid ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ู…ู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸููŠู†ุงู„ุงู„ุงู†ูŠู† ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง
1576
+
1577
+ 395
1578
+ 00:32:00,310 --> 00:32:05,450
1579
+ ุชูŠุฑุงุณูŠู† ุชูŠุฑุงุณูŠู† ุชุชุญูˆู„ ู„ุฏูˆุจุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุฉ ุชุชุญูˆู„ ู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†
1580
+
1581
+ 396
1582
+ 00:32:05,450 --> 00:32:11,690
1583
+ ู„ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู†ุง ุจุชุฒูˆู„ ุงู„ synthesis
1584
+
1585
+ 397
1586
+ 00:32:11,690 --> 00:32:16,990
1587
+ ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงูˆ ุงุญูุธ ุงู„ receptors ุจุชุงุนุฉ
1588
+
1589
+ 398
1590
+ 00:32:16,990 --> 00:32:23,670
1591
+ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ู‡ุงูŠ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุงู‚ู„ู„ ุงู„ degradation of
1592
+
1593
+ 399
1594
+ 00:32:23,670 --> 00:32:26,610
1595
+ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุงุนู…ู„ block ู„ู„ enzyme ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุณุฑุนู‡ ููŠ
1596
+
1597
+ 400
1598
+ 00:32:26,610 --> 00:32:31,620
1599
+ ุชูƒุณูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฅู…ุง ุจุฒูˆุฏ
1600
+
1601
+ 401
1602
+ 00:32:31,620 --> 00:32:36,600
1603
+ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุจุฒูˆุฏ ุงู„ synthesis ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุจุนู…ู„
1604
+
1605
+ 402
1606
+ 00:32:36,600 --> 00:32:41,860
1607
+ ุชุญููŠุฒ ู„ ุงู„ receptor of ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุจุนู…ู„ block ู„
1608
+
1609
+ 403
1610
+ 00:32:41,860 --> 00:32:45,720
1611
+ ุงู„ enzyme ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู‡ ุชูƒุณูŠุฑ ูˆ degradation ู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ
1612
+
1613
+ 404
1614
+ 00:32:45,720 --> 00:32:49,140
1615
+ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ู„ู‡ูˆู…ูˆูุงู„ูŠู†ูƒ ุฃุณุฏ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1616
+
1617
+ 405
1618
+ 00:32:49,140 --> 00:32:51,960
1619
+ norepinephrine ุฃูˆ ุงุจู†ูุฑูŠู† ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู†
1620
+
1621
+ 406
1622
+ 00:32:51,960 --> 00:32:56,740
1623
+ ู†ุนุทูŠ compt inhibitor ูˆ ุฃู‚ู„ู„ ุชุญูˆูŠู„ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†
1624
+
1625
+ 407
1626
+ 00:32:56,740 --> 00:33:03,360
1627
+ ู„ู‡ูˆู…ูˆูุงู„ูŠู†ูƒ ุฃุณุฏุฃูˆ ุฃุนุทูŠ ู…ุงุจ ุงู†ู‡ูŠุจุชุฑ ูˆ ุฃู‚ู„ ุงู„ุชุญูˆูŠู„
1628
+
1629
+ 408
1630
+ 00:33:03,360 --> 00:33:09,980
1631
+ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ู„ู†ูˆุฑูŠ ุจู†ูŠูุฑูŠู† ูˆ ุฅูŠุจู†ูŠูุฑูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฎุทุฉ
1632
+
1633
+ 409
1634
+ 00:33:09,980 --> 00:33:15,760
1635
+ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู„ Parkinson ุฃูˆ ุฎุทุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุถูŠู
1636
+
1637
+ 410
1638
+ 00:33:15,760 --> 00:33:20,980
1639
+ ุนู„ุงุฌ ูŠุนู…ู„ ู†ุฎุต ู„ู„ุงุณูŠุชุงู„ูƒูˆู„ูŠู† Anticholinergic drugs
1640
+
1641
+ 411
1642
+ 00:33:22,980 --> 00:33:27,840
1643
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃุฏูˆูŠุฉ ุจุชู†ุนุทู‰ ู„ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ู‰ ู‡ูˆ
1644
+
1645
+ 412
1646
+ 00:33:27,840 --> 00:33:32,360
1647
+ levodopa-dopamine agonist ู…ุซู„ ุฏูˆุจูŠูƒุงุฑ ุงูˆ cinema
1648
+
1649
+ 413
1650
+ 00:33:32,360 --> 00:33:37,870
1651
+ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุชุนุชุจุฑ gold standard treatmentDopamine
1652
+
1653
+ 414
1654
+ 00:33:37,870 --> 00:33:42,810
1655
+ receptor agonist ุจุฑูˆู…ุง ูƒุฑูŠุจุชุงู† ุจุฑุงู…ูŠ ุจูŠูƒุณูˆู„ ูƒูˆู…ุช
1656
+
1657
+ 415
1658
+ 00:33:42,810 --> 00:33:46,830
1659
+ ุงู†ู‡ูŠุจุชุฑ ุชู„ูƒุงุจูˆู† ู†ุถุญูƒ ุงุญู†ุง ุงู†ุช ูƒุงุจูˆู† ู†ุถุญูƒ ู…ุน ุงู„ุทู„ุงุจ
1660
+
1661
+ 416
1662
+ 00:33:46,830 --> 00:33:51,230
1663
+ ู†ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ู… ุงู†ุช ูƒุงุจูˆู† ูˆุงู†ุง ูƒุงุจูˆู† ุนุดุงู† ูŠุญูุธูˆู‡ุง ุงู†ุช ูƒุงุจูˆู†
1664
+
1665
+ 417
1666
+ 00:33:51,230 --> 00:33:54,930
1667
+ ูˆุงู†ุง ูƒุงุจูˆู† ุจุณ ู‡ูˆ ุงู†ุช ูƒุงุจูˆู† ู„ูˆุญุฏู‡ ู…ุด ุญุฏ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูŠ ุงู†ุง
1668
+
1669
+ 418
1670
+ 00:33:54,930 --> 00:34:00,010
1671
+ ูƒุงุจูˆู† ูƒู…ุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู†ุช ูƒุงุจูˆู† ุชู„ูƒุงุจูˆู†ู…ุงูŠูˆุจ
1672
+
1673
+ 419
1674
+ 00:34:00,010 --> 00:34:04,410
1675
+ ุงู†ู‡ูŠุจุชุฑ ุณูŠู„ูŠุฌูŠู„ูŠู† ุงูˆ ุฌูˆู…ูŠูƒุณ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงู† ุงู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ
1676
+
1677
+ 420
1678
+ 00:34:04,410 --> 00:34:07,930
1679
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู†ุง ุญูุธุช ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ูˆู‚ู„ู„ุช ุงู„ degradation ุจุชุงุนู‡
1680
+
1681
+ 421
1682
+ 00:34:07,930 --> 00:34:11,530
1683
+ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุนุทูŠ anticholinergic ุฏุฑุงุฌุฒูŠู† ู‚ู„ูŠู„
1684
+
1685
+ 422
1686
+ 00:34:11,530 --> 00:34:15,770
1687
+ ุงู„ุงุณูŠุชุงู„ูŠูƒูˆู„ูŠู† ูƒู…ุงู† try hexafenidyl ุงูˆ Artan ุงู…ุง
1688
+
1689
+ 423
1690
+ 00:34:15,770 --> 00:34:22,410
1691
+ ุงู†ุชุฏูŠู† ุจูŠูˆุทุง ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑุจ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ุฌู…ุนูˆุง ุฌูŠุด ู„ุงุญุชูŠุงุท
1692
+
1693
+ 424
1694
+ 00:34:22,410 --> 00:34:26,610
1695
+ ูƒุจุงุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุณู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ู…ุฑุถ ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ู…ุงุญุฏุด ูƒุงู† ูƒุงุดูู‡
1696
+
1697
+ 425
1698
+ 00:34:27,340 --> 00:34:31,100
1699
+ ูˆุนุทูˆู‡ู… ุฃู…ู†ุชุฏูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฃู…ู†ุชุฏูŠู† ุฃุตู„ู‡ antiviral ุนู„ุงุฌ
1700
+
1701
+ 426
1702
+ 00:34:31,100 --> 00:34:35,740
1703
+ ู„ู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ูˆูˆุฒู‡ูˆุง antiviral ู„ู„ูˆู‚ุงุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ infection
1704
+
1705
+ 427
1706
+ 00:34:35,740 --> 00:34:40,400
1707
+ disease ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑุจ ูˆุฌุฏูˆุง ูˆู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุงู„ูƒุจุงุฑ ุงู„ุณู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1708
+
1709
+ 428
1710
+ 00:34:40,400 --> 00:34:43,640
1711
+ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… rigidity ูˆุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุฑุงุฏูŠูƒุง ูŠู†ูŠุฒูŠุง ุงุชุญุณู†ุช ู…ุดูŠุทู‡ู…
1712
+
1713
+ 429
1714
+ 00:34:43,640 --> 00:34:47,500
1715
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู…ู†ุชุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุฑูƒูˆุง antiviral effect
1716
+
1717
+ 430
1718
+ 00:34:47,500 --> 00:34:51,660
1719
+ ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ุฃู…ู†ุชุฏูŠู† ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู„ุขู† ุจูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ูˆู…ู† ุฒู…ุงู† ุจูŠุณุชุฎุฏู…
1720
+
1721
+ 431
1722
+ 00:34:51,660 --> 00:34:55,840
1723
+ ู„ู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู„ muscle rigidity ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช Parkinson
1724
+
1725
+ 432
1726
+ 00:34:55,840 --> 00:35:00,490
1727
+ diseaseู‡ุจู‚ู‰ ุงุณุชู„ูŠูู‡ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† combination drug ููŠ
1728
+
1729
+ 433
1730
+ 00:35:00,490 --> 00:35:04,960
1731
+ ู„ูŠูุง ุฏูˆุจุง ูƒุงุฑุจูŠ ุฏูˆุจุง ูˆุงู†ุช ูƒุงุจูˆู†ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠู‡Levodopa
1732
+
1733
+ 434
1734
+ 00:35:04,960 --> 00:35:10,020
1735
+ Agonist ู…ุน ูƒูˆู…ุช ุงู†ู‡ูŠุจุชุฑ ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจู†ุฒูˆุฏ
1736
+
1737
+ 435
1738
+ 00:35:10,020 --> 00:35:12,880
1739
+ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ูˆ ุจู†ุฌู„ู„ ุงู„ degradation ููŠ ุญุจุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ููŠ
1740
+
1741
+ 436
1742
+ 00:35:12,880 --> 00:35:16,540
1743
+ ุนู„ุงุฌ ุฌุฑุนุงุช ู„ู‡ ุฎู…ุณูŠู† ุงุชู†ุงุดุฑ ู†ุต ู…ุชูŠู† ู…ูŠุฉ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆ
1744
+
1745
+ 437
1746
+ 00:35:16,540 --> 00:35:21,180
1747
+ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ู…ุชูŠู† ู…ูŠุฉ ุฎู…ุณูŠู† ุณุจุนุฉ ูˆ ุชู„ุงุชูŠู† ูˆ ู†ุต ู…ุชูŠู† ู…ุชูŠู†
1748
+
1749
+ 438
1750
+ 00:35:21,180 --> 00:35:25,760
1751
+ ุน ุฎู…ุณูŠู† ุน ู…ุชูŠู† ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฌุฑุนุงุช ู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงุณู…ู‡ ุงุณุชู„ูŠูˆู‡ ู…ุด
1752
+
1753
+ 439
1754
+ 00:35:25,760 --> 00:35:29,400
1755
+ ู…ุทู„ุจูŠู† ู…ู†ูƒูˆุง ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู„ูƒู† ุงุญู†ุง ู„ุงุฒู… ู†ูƒูˆู† ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุจุณ ุงูŠู‡
1756
+
1757
+ 440
1758
+ 00:35:29,400 --> 00:35:34,320
1759
+ ุดูŠู„ู†ุง ุงู„ุฃุฏูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุนุทูŠู‡ ู„ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ ParkinsonููŠ ุจุนุถ
1760
+
1761
+ 441
1762
+ 00:35:34,320 --> 00:35:40,000
1763
+ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช medical refractory .. medical refractory
1764
+
1765
+ 442
1766
+ 00:35:40,000 --> 00:35:44,900
1767
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Parkinson disease ู…ุณุชุฌุจูˆุด ู„ู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ูˆ ุญุงู„ุชู‡ู…
1768
+
1769
+ 443
1770
+ 00:35:44,900 --> 00:35:48,720
1771
+ ุจุชุชุทูˆุฑ ุจุณุฑุนุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ ุชุฏุฎู„ุงุช ุฌุฑุงุญูŠุฉ ููŠ ู…ุฑุงูƒุฒ
1772
+
1773
+ 444
1774
+ 00:35:48,720 --> 00:35:53,700
1775
+ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ deep brain stimulation ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุนู…ู„
1776
+
1777
+ 445
1778
+ 00:35:53,700 --> 00:35:57,100
1779
+ thalamic stimulation ู‡ุฐุง ุจุชุญุณู† ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ tremor ุฃูƒุชุฑ
1780
+
1781
+ 446
1782
+ 00:35:57,100 --> 00:36:00,400
1783
+ ูˆ ู…ุงู„ุนุฌุฒ ุฏูˆุฑ ููŠ muscle rigidity ุฃูˆ bradykinesia
1784
+
1785
+ 447
1786
+ 00:36:00,400 --> 00:36:05,470
1787
+ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุนู…ู„ palatal stimulationุฃูˆ subthalamic
1788
+
1789
+ 448
1790
+ 00:36:05,470 --> 00:36:10,070
1791
+ stimulation ู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ muscle rigidity ูˆ ุงู„
1792
+
1793
+ 449
1794
+ 00:36:10,070 --> 00:36:15,490
1795
+ dyskinesia in your research ู†ูŠูƒูˆุชูŠู† ู…ูŠู„ูˆุชูˆู†ูŠู†
1796
+
1797
+ 450
1798
+ 00:36:15,490 --> 00:36:20,370
1799
+ ูˆุฌุฏูˆุง ุงู† ู†ูŠูƒูˆุชูŠู† ุงู„ act ุจุชุงุนู‡ similar ู„ู„ูŠูุง ุฏูˆุจุง
1800
+
1801
+ 451
1802
+ 00:36:20,370 --> 00:36:27,580
1803
+ futures managementุชุชุทู„ุนูˆุง ู„ู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ ุงูŠุด ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง ุงู„ู‡ูˆ
1804
+
1805
+ 452
1806
+ 00:36:27,580 --> 00:36:31,280
1807
+ gene therapy ุงูˆ ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง fetal negral cells
1808
+
1809
+ 453
1810
+ 00:36:31,280 --> 00:36:35,860
1811
+ transplantation ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง ุฒุฑุงุนุฉ ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุนุตุจูŠุฉ ู„ู…ุฑุถู‰
1812
+
1813
+ 454
1814
+ 00:36:35,860 --> 00:36:42,220
1815
+ Parkinson ุงู„ุงู† ุงู†ุง ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู†ุฌุฒุชู„ูƒู… ู…ูˆุถูˆุน Parkinson
1816
+
1817
+ 455
1818
+ 00:36:42,220 --> 00:36:48,100
1819
+ disease ุฎู…ุณ ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ุงุดุฑุญู„ูƒู… ู…ุฑุถ ุงุฎุฑ ุงุณู…ู‡ Wilson
1820
+
1821
+ 456
1822
+ 00:36:48,100 --> 00:36:53,970
1823
+ disease Wilson diseaseู‡ูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ akinetic rigid
1824
+
1825
+ 457
1826
+ 00:36:53,970 --> 00:36:57,270
1827
+ syndrome ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ children ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุฃุทูุงู„
1828
+
1829
+ 458
1830
+ 00:36:57,270 --> 00:37:01,790
1831
+ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ hepatolenticular degeneration ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†
1832
+
1833
+ 459
1834
+ 00:37:01,790 --> 00:37:05,930
1835
+ hepatolenticular degenerationุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุจูŠุตูŠุจ ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ูˆ
1836
+
1837
+ 460
1838
+ 00:37:05,930 --> 00:37:09,750
1839
+ lentiform nucleus ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุณู…ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ hepatolenticular
1840
+
1841
+ 461
1842
+ 00:37:09,750 --> 00:37:15,890
1843
+ degeneration ูŠุนุชุจุฑ autosomal
1844
+
1845
+ 462
1846
+ 00:37:15,890 --> 00:37:21,760
1847
+ recessive disordercharacterized by defect of
1848
+
1849
+ 463
1850
+ 00:37:21,760 --> 00:37:26,720
1851
+ cellular copper export ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ ..
1852
+
1853
+ 464
1854
+ 00:37:26,720 --> 00:37:32,000
1855
+ ุงู„ .. ููŠ ุงู„ copper export ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ
1856
+
1857
+ 465
1858
+ 00:37:32,000 --> 00:37:35,480
1859
+ accumulation ู„ู„copper ุจูŠุญุฏุซ accumulation ู„ู„copper
1860
+
1861
+ 466
1862
+ 00:37:35,480 --> 00:37:39,440
1863
+ ูˆูŠู† ุจูŠุญุฏุซ accumulation ู„ู„copperุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ liver ูˆ ุงู„
1864
+
1865
+ 467
1866
+ 00:37:39,440 --> 00:37:42,200
1867
+ other tissue ู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ู… ุจูŠุฒุง ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ุงู„ูŠู†ุชูุงุฑ
1868
+
1869
+ 468
1870
+ 00:37:42,200 --> 00:37:45,040
1871
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุณู…ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ Hepatolinticular
1872
+
1873
+ 469
1874
+ 00:37:45,040 --> 00:37:49,910
1875
+ degeneration ุงูŠุด ุงู„ pathogenesis ofWilson disease
1876
+
1877
+ 470
1878
+ 00:37:49,910 --> 00:37:56,910
1879
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุงู„ceruloglasamine ุจูŠุชุชุญุฏ
1880
+
1881
+ 471
1882
+ 00:37:56,910 --> 00:38:01,990
1883
+ ู…ุน ุงู„ูƒุจุง ู…ุน ุงู„ู†ุญุงุณ ูˆ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ุน ุงู„ุจูŠู„ ู…ุน ุนุตุงุฑุฉ
1884
+
1885
+ 472
1886
+ 00:38:01,990 --> 00:38:11,310
1887
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุฑุฉ ูˆ ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ุน ุงู„ุณุชูˆู„ ูˆ ู…ุน ุงู„ููŠูƒู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ุจุฑุงุฒูŠ ููŠ
1888
+
1889
+ 473
1890
+ 00:38:11,310 --> 00:38:14,690
1891
+ ู…ูˆุงุฏ Wilson ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ deficiency ููŠ
1892
+
1893
+ 474
1894
+ 00:38:14,690 --> 00:38:15,430
1895
+ ุงู„ceruloglasamine
1896
+
1897
+ 475
1898
+ 00:38:17,870 --> 00:38:22,390
1899
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชุญุฏ ู…ุน 98% ู…ู† ุงู„ copper ูˆุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„
1900
+
1901
+ 476
1902
+ 00:38:22,390 --> 00:38:28,110
1903
+ bile ุทูŠุจ ุฅูŠุด ู…ุญุฏุซุŸ ู…ุงุฏุงู… ููŠ ู…ุดูƒู„ุชู‡ุง ููŠ mutation ููŠ
1904
+
1905
+ 477
1906
+ 00:38:28,110 --> 00:38:31,690
1907
+ celluloseamine ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุฏูŠ celluloseamine unable
1908
+
1909
+ 478
1910
+ 00:38:31,690 --> 00:38:35,270
1911
+ to binding with copper ู…ุง ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑ ูˆู„ุง ูŠุณุชุทูŠุน ุฃู†ู‡
1912
+
1913
+ 479
1914
+ 00:38:35,270 --> 00:38:38,630
1915
+ ูŠุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ copper ูˆูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ุงู„ copper ูˆูŠุชุญุฏ ู…ุน
1916
+
1917
+ 480
1918
+ 00:38:38,630 --> 00:38:43,460
1919
+ other proteins ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุชุฌุฒุก ู…ู†ู‡ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู†
1920
+
1921
+ 481
1922
+ 00:38:43,460 --> 00:38:47,660
1923
+ ุงู„ urine ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ ูƒูŠู„ุฉ ูˆุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ
1924
+
1925
+ 482
1926
+ 00:38:47,660 --> 00:38:50,300
1927
+ accumulation ููŠ ุฌุณู… ุจุชุฎุฒู† ููŠ ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ููŠ
1928
+
1929
+ 483
1930
+ 00:38:50,300 --> 00:38:53,820
1931
+ ุงู„ุงู†ุณุฌุงุฑ ู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุจูŠุฒุง ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ููŠ
1932
+
1933
+ 484
1934
+ 00:38:53,820 --> 00:38:59,240
1935
+ ุงู„ liver ููŠ ุงู„ lung ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุณุงู…ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุญุงุณ
1936
+
1937
+ 485
1938
+ 00:38:59,240 --> 00:39:05,040
1939
+ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุณุงู…ุฉ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ clinical features of Wilson
1940
+
1941
+ 486
1942
+ 00:39:05,040 --> 00:39:11,640
1943
+ disease? proximal tremor ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ุนู‡ู…cholepathoid
1944
+
1945
+ 487
1946
+ 00:39:11,640 --> 00:39:16,320
1947
+ movement ุญุฑูƒุงุช ู„ุง ุฅูŠุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ bradykinesia ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง
1948
+
1949
+ 488
1950
+ 00:39:16,320 --> 00:39:19,920
1951
+ ู…ุนุงู‡ู… ุจุทุก ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ acute stage ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูŠุฌูˆุง
1952
+
1953
+ 489
1954
+ 00:39:19,920 --> 00:39:23,860
1955
+ psychosis behavior changes ูˆ ูŠุชู… ุนู„ุงุฌุงุชู‡ู… ููŠ
1956
+
1957
+ 490
1958
+ 00:39:23,860 --> 00:39:28,520
1959
+ ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ููŠ ู‚ุณู… ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุงู„ู†ูุณูŠุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงู‡ู…
1960
+
1961
+ 491
1962
+ 00:39:28,520 --> 00:39:32,240
1963
+ dysarthria and other type of speech difficulty
1964
+
1965
+ 492
1966
+ 00:39:34,160 --> 00:39:37,520
1967
+ Dystonia and Rigidity ูˆููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ liver
1968
+
1969
+ 493
1970
+ 00:39:37,520 --> 00:39:40,900
1971
+ involvement ุถุฑูˆุฑูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุนู‡ู… ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰
1972
+
1973
+ 494
1974
+ 00:39:40,900 --> 00:39:44,340
1975
+ ู…ู…ูƒู† ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ููŠ ุงู„ advanced stage ูŠุฏุฎู„ูˆุง ููŠ
1976
+
1977
+ 495
1978
+ 00:39:44,340 --> 00:39:49,420
1979
+ hepatic failure ูุดู„ ููŠ ูˆุถุงุฆู ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ูˆูŠุญุชุงุฌ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ
1980
+
1981
+ 496
1982
+ 00:39:49,420 --> 00:39:55,840
1983
+ ู†ู‚ู„ ุฃูˆ ุฒุฑุงุนุฉ ูƒุจุฏ ู„ุฅู„ู‡ ู…ุงู‡ูˆ ุงู„ diagnosisุŸ ูƒูŠู ู†ุดุฎุต
1984
+
1985
+ 497
1986
+ 00:39:55,840 --> 00:40:01,580
1987
+ ู…ุฑุถ WilsonุŸ ุงู„ูุญุต ู„ู„ุจู„ุงุฒู…ูŠู† ููŠ blood ุจูŠูƒูˆู† lowุงู„
1988
+
1989
+ 498
1990
+ 00:40:01,580 --> 00:40:05,660
1991
+ cover ููŠ ุงู„ blood ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† low ุงูˆ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู†
1992
+
1993
+ 499
1994
+ 00:40:05,660 --> 00:40:10,160
1995
+ normal ู…ุงุจุนุชู…ุฏุด ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ููŠ ูุญุตู‡ ุฃู‡ู… ุดูŠุก ุฃูุญุต ู†ุณุจุฉ
1996
+
1997
+ 500
1998
+ 00:40:10,160 --> 00:40:14,640
1999
+ ุงู„ู†ุญุงุณ ููŠ ุงู„ ball ุจูŠุฌู…ุน ุงู„ ball 24 ุณุงุนุฉ ูˆ ุจู†ูุญุต
2000
+
2001
+ 501
2002
+ 00:40:14,640 --> 00:40:17,140
2003
+ ููŠู‡ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ู†ุญุงุณ ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฅู† ุงุญู†ุง ู…ุชุนุฑููŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ
2004
+
2005
+ 502
2006
+ 00:40:17,140 --> 00:40:19,920
2007
+ ุงู„ู†ุญุงุณ ุจุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ุณุฑูŠุฑูˆ ุจู„ุงุฒู…ูŠู† ูˆ ุจุทู„ุน ู…ุน ุงู„ุณูˆู„ ุนู†
2008
+
2009
+ 503
2010
+ 00:40:19,920 --> 00:40:24,100
2011
+ ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ bio ู…ุน ุงู„ุณูˆู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ููƒุฑ ู…ุน ุงู„ุจุฑุงุฒุฉ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ
2012
+
2013
+ 504
2014
+ 00:40:24,100 --> 00:40:27,900
2015
+ ู†ู‚ุต ุงู„ุณุฑูŠุฑูˆ ุจู„ุงุฒู…ูŠู†ุจุชู… ุงุชุญุงุฏ other proteins ู…ุน
2016
+
2017
+ 505
2018
+ 00:40:27,900 --> 00:40:31,700
2019
+ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ mass ุงู„ cover ุฌุฒุก ู…ู†ู‡ ุจุญุฏุซ accumulation ููŠ
2020
+
2021
+ 506
2022
+ 00:40:31,700 --> 00:40:36,640
2023
+ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ูˆุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ุจุฎุฑุฌ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ urine ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ
2024
+
2025
+ 507
2026
+ 00:40:36,640 --> 00:40:43,160
2027
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฑุงุญ ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… high cover urine out ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ
2028
+
2029
+ 508
2030
+ 00:40:43,160 --> 00:40:49,450
2031
+ ุงู„ urine ุฑุงุญ ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงูŠู‡ุŸุงู„ู†ุญุงุณ ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ูˆุจุชุงุฎุฏ ุงู„
2032
+
2033
+ 509
2034
+ 00:40:49,450 --> 00:40:53,570
2035
+ .. ุงู„ูุญุต ุงู„ .. ุงู„ ball ู…ุฏุฉ 24 ุณุงุนุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงุนู…ู„ liver
2036
+
2037
+ 510
2038
+ 00:40:53,570 --> 00:40:58,610
2039
+ biopsy ุจุฑู‡ู† ุงู„ู…ุฑุฃุฉ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† thalamic and butaminal
2040
+
2041
+ 511
2042
+ 00:40:58,610 --> 00:41:02,790
2043
+ hyper intensity ู„ูˆ ูุญุตู†ุง ุงู„ุฃูŠูˆู† ุงูˆ physiological
2044
+
2045
+ 512
2046
+ 00:41:02,790 --> 00:41:08,310
2047
+ examination ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ deposition of copper ููŠ
2048
+
2049
+ 513
2050
+ 00:41:08,310 --> 00:41:13,380
2051
+ ุงู„ุฃูŠู† ุชุนู…ู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง Kaiser Fischerringุจุชู†ูุญุต ุนู„ู‰
2052
+
2053
+ 514
2054
+ 00:41:13,380 --> 00:41:17,780
2055
+ ุณู„ูŠุท ู„ุงู…ุจ ู„ุงู† ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ุงู„ุนูŠูˆู† ุงู„ุงู†ู„ุงุฌ ุฏูŠ ุจูŠู† ุณูŠู„ุงู…ูŠู†
2056
+
2057
+ 515
2058
+ 00:41:17,780 --> 00:41:22,900
2059
+ ุชุฑูŠุงู†ุชูŠู† oral zinc ูˆููŠ ุงู„ advanced stage ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช
2060
+
2061
+ 516
2062
+ 00:41:22,900 --> 00:41:27,340
2063
+ liver failure ุงูˆ hepatic failure ุจูŠุญุชุง๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝูˆุง ุฒุฑุงุนุฉ
2064
+
2065
+ 517
2066
+ 00:41:27,340 --> 00:41:35,520
2067
+ ูƒุจุฏ ู†ู‚ู„ ูƒุจุฏ ู„ู„ุงู†ุณุงู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒุงูŠุฒุฑ official ringุชูƒูˆู† ุฒูŠ
2068
+
2069
+ 518
2070
+ 00:41:35,520 --> 00:41:39,880
2071
+ ring ููŠ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงู„ุนูŠู†ุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ ring ู†ุงุฏูŠุฉ ุนู†ุฏ
2072
+
2073
+ 519
2074
+ 00:41:39,880 --> 00:41:47,480
2075
+ ุชุฌู…ุน ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ู†ุญุงุณุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ููŠ ู…ุฑุถ ุฅูŠุดุŸูˆูŠู„ุณูˆู† ู‡ู‰
2076
+
2077
+ 520
2078
+ 00:41:47,480 --> 00:41:51,860
2079
+ ุงู„ูƒุจุฑ ู‚ุฏู… ู…ุน ุงู„ุฃูƒู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ุทุนุงู… ุชู… ุงู…ุชุตุงุตู‡ ู„ู„ blood
2080
+
2081
+ 521
2082
+ 00:41:51,860 --> 00:41:57,180
2083
+ ุงุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ุงู„ุจูˆู…ูŠู† ุงู„ุงู„ุจูˆู…ูŠู† ุฑุงุญ ูŠูˆุตู„ูˆุง ู„ู„ูƒุจุฏ ูู‰
2084
+
2085
+ 522
2086
+ 00:41:57,180 --> 00:42:00,640
2087
+ ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ูู‰ ุดุฆ ุงุณู…ู‡ ุณูŠุฑูˆู„ุงุจู„ุงุฒู…ูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง ุณูŠุฑูˆู„ุงุจู„ุงุฒู…ูŠู†
2088
+
2089
+ 523
2090
+ 00:42:00,640 --> 00:42:04,660
2091
+ ุจูŠุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ูƒุจุฑ ู…ุน ุงู„ู†ุญุงุณ ูˆ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
2092
+
2093
+ 524
2094
+ 00:42:04,660 --> 00:42:08,900
2095
+ ุนุตุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู…ุนุงุก ูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุนุงุก ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจุฑุงุฒ
2096
+
2097
+ 525
2098
+ 00:42:08,900 --> 00:42:12,540
2099
+ ูˆ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุทุจูŠุนู‰ ุทุจ ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ููŠ
2100
+
2101
+ 526
2102
+ 00:42:12,540 --> 00:42:18,190
2103
+ ู…ุฑุถ ูˆูŠู„ุณูˆู†ุŸููŠ ุนู†ุง problem ู‡ุงู† ููŠ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ mutation
2104
+
2105
+ 527
2106
+ 00:42:18,190 --> 00:42:24,870
2107
+ ููŠ celluloplasmia ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุญุฏุซ accumulation
2108
+
2109
+ 528
2110
+ 00:42:24,870 --> 00:42:28,390
2111
+ ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ุงู„ cover ููŠ ุงู„ liver and other tissues
2112
+
2113
+ 529
2114
+ 00:42:28,390 --> 00:42:33,870
2115
+ ูˆูŠุฌูŠุฒูˆุง ู…ู† ุงูŠุดุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ cover ุจุชุญุฏ ู…ุน other protein
2116
+
2117
+ 530
2118
+ 00:42:33,870 --> 00:42:37,970
2119
+ ูˆ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ kidney ุจุงู„ urine ุทุจ ุงู„ D
2120
+
2121
+ 531
2122
+ 00:42:37,970 --> 00:42:43,410
2123
+ -bensalamine ุงู„ D-bensalamine ุงูŠุด ุฑุงุญ ูŠุนู…ู„ุŸุฑุงุญ
2124
+
2125
+ 532
2126
+ 00:42:43,410 --> 00:42:48,090
2127
+ ูŠุณุจู‚ ุงู„ุฃู„ุจูˆู…ูŠู† ูˆ ูŠุชุญุฏ ุจุนุฏ ุงู…ุชุตุงุต ุงู„ cover ู„ู„ุฏู… ..
2128
+
2129
+ 533
2130
+ 00:42:48,090 --> 00:42:52,870
2131
+ ุจุนุฏ ุงู…ุชุตุงุต ุงู„ cover ู„ู„ุฏู… ุฑุงุญ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ triantin ูˆ ุงู„
2132
+
2133
+ 534
2134
+ 00:42:52,870 --> 00:42:58,530
2135
+ dibensalamine ูŠุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน ุงู„ู†ุญุงุณ ูˆ ู…ุงูŠูˆุตู„ูˆุด ู„ู„
2136
+
2137
+ 535
2138
+ 00:42:58,530 --> 00:43:03,450
2139
+ liver ูˆ ูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง direct ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ kidney ุนู†
2140
+
2141
+ 536
2142
+ 00:43:03,450 --> 00:43:07,270
2143
+ ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ killer ูˆ ูŠู‚ู„ู„ ุงู„ accumulation ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ ูˆ
2144
+
2145
+ 537
2146
+ 00:43:07,270 --> 00:43:12,890
2147
+ ู†ุณุจุชู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุณู…ููŠ ุฏูˆุงุก ุงุณู…ู‡ zinc acetate ุงูˆ sulfุงุช
2148
+
2149
+ 538
2150
+ 00:43:12,890 --> 00:43:18,570
2151
+ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ zinc ุงูŠุด ุจุนู…ู„ู‡ ุจูŠุดุชุบู„ ุนูˆุงู†ู‰ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ cover ููŠ
2152
+
2153
+ 539
2154
+ 00:43:18,570 --> 00:43:21,790
2155
+ ุงู„ intestinal ุจูŠุดุชุบู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ cover ููŠ ุงู„ intestinal
2156
+
2157
+ 540
2158
+ 00:43:21,790 --> 00:43:28,090
2159
+ ูˆ ุจูŠู…ู†ุน ุงู…ุชุตุงุตู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุนุงุก ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„
2160
+
2161
+ 541
2162
+ 00:43:28,090 --> 00:43:34,370
2163
+ stopูŠูˆู‚ู ุงู…ุชุตุงุตู‡ ู„ ุงู„ุฏู… ูˆ ุจูŠู‚ู„ู„ ู†ุณุจุฉ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูƒุจุน ููŠ
2164
+
2165
+ 542
2166
+ 00:43:34,370 --> 00:43:39,950
2167
+ ุงู„ุฏู… ูˆ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุญุฏุซ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ู†ุญุงุณ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ูˆ
2168
+
2169
+ 543
2170
+ 00:43:39,950 --> 00:43:44,690
2171
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงุญู†ุง ูˆุตู„ู†ุง ู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ
2172
+
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/--F5fLpsKiA_raw.json ADDED
The diff for this file is too large to render. See raw diff
 
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/2Fl5-lllqJc.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,1521 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:04,910 --> 00:00:07,990
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:07,990 --> 00:00:13,110
7
+ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุณุชูƒูˆู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ู„ูู„ุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุญุงุฏูŠ
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:13,110 --> 00:00:18,650
11
+ ุนุดุฑ ุนู† ุงู„ somatic sensation ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฑุงุญ ุฃู‚ุณู…ู‡ุง
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:18,650 --> 00:00:23,550
15
+ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฌุฒุฆูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุฑุงุญ ุฃุชุทู„ุน ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ receptors ุฃูˆ
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:23,550 --> 00:00:26,030
19
+ sensory receptors ูˆุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ sensory receptors
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:26,030 --> 00:00:29,470
23
+ sensory
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:29,470 --> 00:00:32,570
27
+ system sensory system
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:35,120 --> 00:00:41,360
31
+ ุชู†ู‚ุณู… ุฅู„ู‰ somatic sensationุŒ special sensesุŒ
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:41,360 --> 00:00:45,280
35
+ visceral sensation ูˆ organic sensation
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:47,150 --> 00:00:50,010
39
+ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุญุงุฏูŠุฉ ุนุดุฑ ุฑุงุญ ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:50,010 --> 00:00:53,050
43
+ somatic sensation ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุนุดุฑ ุฑุงุญ ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:00:53,050 --> 00:00:56,910
47
+ ุงู„ special sensation somatic sensation ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:00:56,910 --> 00:01:02,270
51
+ sensation from the skin and deep tissue sensation
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:02,270 --> 00:01:06,270
55
+ from the skin and deep tissue ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ deep
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:06,270 --> 00:01:12,550
59
+ tissueุŒ muscleุŒ jointsุŒ ligaments conducted to CNS
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:14,700 --> 00:01:20,640
63
+ through the somatic nerves ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุจุชุตู„ ู„ู€CNS ู…ู†
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:20,640 --> 00:01:25,940
67
+ ุงู„ู€receptors ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ somatic nerves special
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:25,940 --> 00:01:31,100
71
+ sensation reaching the central nervous system
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:31,100 --> 00:01:36,220
75
+ through specialized cranial nerves ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุจุชุตู„
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:36,220 --> 00:01:39,260
79
+ ู„ู€central nervous system ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ specialized
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:39,260 --> 00:01:46,960
83
+ nerves ู…ุซู„ sense of visionุงู„ู†ุธุฑ ุซุงู†ูŠ sense of
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:01:46,960 --> 00:01:53,920
87
+ hearing and equilibrium sense of smell sense of
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:01:53,920 --> 00:01:59,040
91
+ taste ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู† ุงู„ู†ุธุฑ vision ุงู„ุณู…ุน ุงู„ุญุงุณุฉ ุงู„ุดู…
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:01:59,040 --> 00:02:05,740
95
+ ุงู„ุชุฐูˆู‚ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ special sensation ุชู„ุงุชุฉ visceral
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:05,740 --> 00:02:09,180
99
+ sensation including all sensations from the
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:09,180 --> 00:02:13,220
103
+ visceral structures ุฃูˆ from the internal organs
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:13,220 --> 00:02:18,000
107
+ ุชุตู„ ู„ ุงู„ู€CNS through autonomic nerves ูŠูˆู… ุฃุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:18,000 --> 00:02:22,480
111
+ ุนู† autonomic nervous system organic sensation ุงู„ู„ูŠ
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:22,480 --> 00:02:27,560
115
+ ู‡ูŠ hunger, thirst and sexual sensation ูƒู„ู‡ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:27,560 --> 00:02:32,300
119
+ ู‡ุฐุง organic sensation ุฑุงุญ ุฃุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:32,300 --> 00:02:37,840
123
+ ุจู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุนู† sensory receptors Sensory Receptors ู‡ู…
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:02:37,840 --> 00:02:43,060
127
+ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† Specialized Structures Located at the
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:02:43,060 --> 00:02:46,800
131
+ Peripheral Beginning of Sensory Neurons ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู†ุฏูŠ
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:02:46,800 --> 00:02:54,280
135
+ ู‡ุฐุง nerve ุฑุงูŠุญ ู„ cell body ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจูŠุทู„ุน ู…ู†ู‡ axon
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:02:54,280 --> 00:02:58,760
139
+ ู‡ุฐุง nerve ุงูƒุชุฑ ู…ู† ู†ูŠุฑุจ ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุฃู†ูˆุงุนู‡ู… multi
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:02:58,760 --> 00:03:02,780
143
+ neurons ุชู…ุงู…
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:02,780 --> 00:03:09,360
147
+ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ู‡ุฐุง ุงูƒุณู† ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุฏูŠู†ุฏุฑูŠุชุฒ ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุฑุชุจุงู„
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:09,360 --> 00:03:12,980
151
+ ุฏูŠู†ุฏุฑูŠุชุฒ
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:12,980 --> 00:03:16,760
155
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุชุจุนุช ุงู„ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุงูˆ ุงู„ ู†ูŠุฑูˆ ูุงูŠุจุฑุฒ ููŠู‡
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:16,760 --> 00:03:24,540
159
+ ุฑูŠุณูŠุจุชุฑุฒ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุฑูŠุณูŠุจุชุฑุฒ ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง beginning of the
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:24,540 --> 00:03:33,640
163
+ sensory neuron what's the function of sensory
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:33,640 --> 00:03:41,250
167
+ receptors ุฃูˆู„ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ู„ู‡ Detectors They detect energy
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:41,250 --> 00:03:45,830
171
+ ุฃูˆ stimulus change in both external and internal
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:03:45,830 --> 00:03:49,690
175
+ environment ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู† ู‡ูŠ ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠ ุชุนู…ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ detection
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:03:49,690 --> 00:03:56,630
179
+ ุจุชุญุฏุฏ ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ energy ูˆ ุฅูŠุด ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ energy ุซุงู†ูŠู‹ุง
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:03:56,630 --> 00:04:04,390
183
+ Transducer ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ transform the stimulus into action
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:04,390 --> 00:04:10,110
187
+ potential ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุญูˆูŠู„ ุงู„ stimulus ู„ action
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:10,110 --> 00:04:16,050
191
+ potential ุซุงู„ุซู‹ุง generator ูŠุนู…ู„ generation of nerve
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:16,050 --> 00:04:20,290
195
+ impulses in sensory nerve ูˆุจุชุนู…ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ generation
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:20,290 --> 00:04:24,390
199
+ ุจุชุฏุฎู„ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ู† node of ranvier ู„ node of ranvier
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:24,390 --> 00:04:27,970
203
+ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ passive transmission ูˆุจุณุงุนุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุชุฑุงู†ุณู…ูŠุดู†
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:27,970 --> 00:04:34,110
207
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ myelin sheath myelin sheath ุฑุงุจุนู‹ุง they
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:04:34,110 --> 00:04:39,320
211
+ inform the CNS about different sensations or
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:04:39,320 --> 00:04:43,080
215
+ changes occurring inside and outside the body
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:04:43,080 --> 00:04:48,040
219
+ ูˆูƒู…ุงู† ุจุชุฎุจุฑ ุงู„ู€CNS ุนู† ุงู„ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ sensation
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:04:48,040 --> 00:04:54,740
223
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุญุฏุซ ููŠ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ุฃูˆ ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุงู„ุฌุณู… receptor
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:04:54,740 --> 00:05:01,140
227
+ potential receptor potential ู‡ูŠ
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:05:01,140 --> 00:05:04,700
231
+ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุญูˆูŠู„
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:06,580 --> 00:05:12,060
235
+ ุงู„ุงุณุชูŠู…ูˆู„ุงุณ ุงูˆ ุงู„ energy ู„ action potential ูŠุจู‚ู‰
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:12,060 --> 00:05:15,840
239
+ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุญูˆูŠู„ ุงู„ุงุณุชูŠู…ูˆู„ุงุณ ุงูˆ ุงู„ energy ู„ action
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:15,840 --> 00:05:26,540
243
+ potential ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง receptor potential ู‡ูŠ ุฅู† ู†ู‡ุงูŠุชู‡
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:26,540 --> 00:05:31,620
247
+ ู‡ุฐุง
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:31,620 --> 00:05:32,620
251
+ ุฃู†ุง ุจุฑุณู… ุงู„ axon
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:05:40,520 --> 00:05:48,620
255
+ ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ุญู„ู„ ุงู„ axon ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุชู‡ ุจุชูƒูˆู† nonmyelinated
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:05:48,620 --> 00:06:05,280
259
+ ู‚ุงุนุฏูŠู† ุจูŠุฌูŠ myelin sheath ู‡ุฐุง
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:06:05,280 --> 00:06:11,310
263
+ myelin sheath ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน ุฅุดูุงู† cells ุฃู†ุง ุจุฑุณู… ููŠู‡
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:06:11,310 --> 00:06:18,070
267
+ ูˆุฏู‡ ุงุดุงุฑุฉ ุงุชุฌุงู‡ูŠ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ signal ู‡ู„ุฃ ููŠ ุงู„ wrist ..
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:06:18,070 --> 00:06:25,630
271
+ ููŠ ุงู„ wrist without stimuli .. ุจุฏูˆู† stimuli ุงู„
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:25,630 --> 00:06:30,950
275
+ sensory nerve endings are in polarized state ูŠุนู†ูŠ
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:30,950 --> 00:06:34,650
279
+ ุงูŠุด in polarized stateุŸ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุงู„ ..
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:34,650 --> 00:06:38,340
283
+ ุงู„ receptors ุงู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุงู„ receptors ูˆ ุงู„
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:38,340 --> 00:06:44,920
287
+ terminal part ูˆ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ nerve ุจุชูƒูˆู† none ุงูˆ
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:06:44,920 --> 00:06:53,400
291
+ unmyelinated ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุง ููŠุด ููŠู‡ุง myelin sheath ุทูŠุจ if it
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:06:53,400 --> 00:06:57,340
295
+ is stimulated ุฅุฐุง ุญุฏุซ ุงู„ stimulation ู‡ูŠ ูˆูŠู† ุฏูŠ
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:06:57,340 --> 00:07:02,240
299
+ ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ wrist ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ sodium ููŠ ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌ
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:07:07,630 --> 00:07:12,770
303
+ ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ููŠ ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:07:12,770 --> 00:07:16,190
307
+ polarized state polarized state ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชุณู…ูŠู‡ุง
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:07:16,190 --> 00:07:21,390
311
+ polarized state ุทูŠุจ ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ stimulation ุงูˆ partial
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:07:21,390 --> 00:07:25,110
315
+ stimulation ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุจุชุณู…ูŠู‡ุง partial
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:07:25,110 --> 00:07:31,310
319
+ depolarization partial depolarization ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุญุฏุซุŸ
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:31,310 --> 00:07:37,950
323
+ ุจูŠูุชุญูˆุง ุงู„ sodium channels ูˆุงู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ุจูŠุฏุฎู„ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:37,950 --> 00:07:42,750
327
+ ุงู„ cell receptors ุจุฏุฎู„ ุงู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ูˆูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ cell
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:07:42,750 --> 00:07:49,390
331
+ receptors ูˆ ุจูŠุฒูŠุฏ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ููŠ ุงู„ intracellular
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:07:49,390 --> 00:07:53,710
335
+ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ receptors ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง partial
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:07:53,710 --> 00:08:01,810
339
+ depolarization ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:08:01,810 --> 00:08:07,480
343
+ ุฏุฎูˆู„ ุงู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ cell body ูˆ ุญุฏูˆุซ ุงู„ partial
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:08:07,480 --> 00:08:11,100
347
+ depolarization ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง receptor
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:08:11,100 --> 00:08:14,800
351
+ potential receptor potential ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ receptor
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:08:14,800 --> 00:08:18,320
355
+ potential ุงุญู†ุง ุญูˆู„ู†ุง ุงู„ energy ุงูˆ ุงู„ stimulus ู„
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:08:18,320 --> 00:08:24,040
359
+ receptor potential ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ receptor potential
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:08:24,040 --> 00:08:31,260
363
+ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุฑุงุญ ุชุตู„ ู„ู„ nerve passively ูˆุชุชูˆุตู„ ู…ู† node
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:08:31,260 --> 00:08:35,370
367
+ of ranvier ููŠู‡ ุงู„ Node of Ranvier ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู‚ูุฒ ูŠุชู… ูˆ
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:08:35,370 --> 00:08:40,110
371
+ ุชูˆุตูŠู„ ู„ู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุณุงุนุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:08:40,110 --> 00:08:45,290
375
+ Myelin Sheath The receptor potential is passively
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:08:45,290 --> 00:08:51,710
379
+ conducted to the first node of ranvier causing deep
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:08:51,710 --> 00:08:54,850
383
+ depolarization ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ู„ู…ุง ูŠุญุฏุซ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู‚ูุฒ ู‡ู†ุง
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:08:54,850 --> 00:08:58,950
387
+ passive ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง deep depolarization
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:08:58,950 --> 00:09:02,810
391
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู†ุทู„ุน ุจุงุฎุชุตุงุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ rest ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:09:02,810 --> 00:09:06,010
395
+ polarization ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ polarized state ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:09:06,010 --> 00:09:09,270
399
+ ุงู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุงูŠุดุŸ ุงู„ receptor cells ุญุฏุซ
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:09:09,270 --> 00:09:13,090
403
+ stimulation ุจูŠูุชุญูˆุง ุงู„ sodium channels ูˆุงู„ุณูˆุฏูŠูˆู…
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:09:13,090 --> 00:09:17,110
407
+ ุจูŠููˆุช ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ cell receptors ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:09:17,110 --> 00:09:23,710
411
+ Receptor Potential ุฃูˆ Partial Depolarization ุจุนุฏ
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:09:23,710 --> 00:09:27,850
415
+ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุจุชุฑูˆุญ ู„ู„ first node of Ranvier Passively
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:09:27,850 --> 00:09:30,410
419
+ ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู‚ูุฒ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ Myelin Sheath
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:09:30,410 --> 00:09:35,070
423
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑุฉ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง Deep Depolarization
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:09:35,070 --> 00:09:40,290
427
+ Deep Depolarization Adaptation of Receptors
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:09:42,410 --> 00:09:46,470
431
+ this is decline in the frequency of discharge of
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:09:46,470 --> 00:09:51,030
435
+ action potential from receptor that occurs on
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:09:51,030 --> 00:09:55,630
439
+ maintained stimulation by stimuli of a constant
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:09:55,630 --> 00:10:02,490
443
+ strength ู…ุซู„ู‹ุง ุงุดุชุฑูŠู†ุง ุนุทุฑ ุฑูŠุญุชู‡ ุญู„ูˆุฉ ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ุฏูุนู†ุง
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:10:02,490 --> 00:10:07,070
447
+ 200-300 ุดูƒู„ ูˆุงุดุชุฑูŠู†ุงู‡ุง ุญุทูŠู†ุง ุฃูˆู„ ูŠูˆู… ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุฑูŠุญุชู‡ุง
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:10:07,070 --> 00:10:11,350
451
+ ุญู„ูˆุฉ ูˆู…ุง ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุซุงู†ูŠ ูŠูˆู… ุซุงู„ุซ ูŠูˆู… ุจุทู„ู†ุง ู†ุดู… ู…ู†
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:10:11,350 --> 00:10:13,870
455
+ ุงู„ุฑูŠุญุฉ ุฅุญู†ุงุŒ ุจู…ุง ุฃู†ู‡ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ูƒูŠู…ูŠุงุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุญุงุทุทู‡ุง
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:10:13,870 --> 00:10:16,670
459
+ ุฃูˆู„ ูŠูˆู… ูˆ ู…ู† ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุนู„ุจุฉุŒ ู„ูƒู† ุฃู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ ุตุงุฑ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:10:16,670 --> 00:10:22,350
463
+ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชูƒูŠูŠู ู…ุนุงู‡ุง adaptationุŒ ุจู†ู…ุฑ ู…ู† ุนู†ุฏ ูˆุงุฏูŠุŒ
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:10:22,350 --> 00:10:24,750
467
+ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุงูŠู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูƒูŠู ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุนุงูŠุดูŠู† ู‡ู†ุง ุฌุงู†ุจ
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:10:24,750 --> 00:10:28,360
471
+ ุงู„ูˆุงุฏูŠ ุจุงู„ุฑูŠุญุฉุŸ ูˆู„ุง ุญุงุฌุฉ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุตุงุฑูˆุง ู…ู‚ุนุฏูŠู†
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:10:28,360 --> 00:10:32,000
475
+ adaptation ู„ู„ smell receptors ุจุทู„ูˆุง ูŠุดู…ูˆุง ุงู„ุฑูŠุญุฉ
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:10:32,000 --> 00:10:34,880
479
+ ู„ูƒู† ุฅุญู†ุง ุฃูˆู„ ู…ุง ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู†ุดู…ู‡ุง ุตุฏู‚ู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ู‚ุนุฏู†ุง ู…ุนู‡ู…
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:10:34,880 --> 00:10:38,220
483
+ ุณุงุนุฉ ุณุงุนุชูŠู† ุฑุงุญ ู†ุจุทู„ ู†ุดู… ุงู„ุฑูŠุญุฉ ูƒู…ุงู† ุฒูŠู‡ู… ุตุงุฑ
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:10:38,220 --> 00:10:41,860
487
+ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงูŠุด adaptation ุทุจ ู„ูŠุด ุตุงุฑ adaptationุŸ ุงูŠุด
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:10:41,860 --> 00:10:46,720
491
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญุฏุซุŸ ุงุญู†ุง ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุงู„ stimulus ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู‡ูˆ ุงู…ุง
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:10:46,720 --> 00:10:49,280
495
+ ุงู„ุฑูŠุญุฉ ูƒูˆูŠุณุฉ ุงูˆ ุงู„ุฑูŠุญุฉ ูƒุฑูŠู‡ุฉ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู‡ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฑูŠุญุฉ
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:10:49,280 --> 00:10:54,660
499
+ ู…ุง ุชุบูŠุฑุชุด ุจู†ูุณ ุงู„ู‚ูˆุฉ ู„ูƒู† ุงู†ุง ุงุณุชู‚ุจุงู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ุง ุฎู ุงุญุณุงุณูŠ
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:10:54,660 --> 00:11:00,670
503
+ ู„ู‡ุง ุฎู ุงูŠุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุฅู†ู‡ ุงู„ sodium ุฏุฎู„ ู„ูˆูŠู†
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:11:00,670 --> 00:11:07,650
507
+ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุฏูŠ ุจุนุฏ ูุชุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฒู…ู† ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:11:07,650 --> 00:11:11,650
511
+ ุฅุฑู‡ุงู‚ ูˆุชุนุจ ู„ู„ sodium channels ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ closureุŒ
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:11:11,650 --> 00:11:15,730
515
+ ุจูŠุณูƒุฑุŒ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุบู„ู‚ ู„ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ sodium channels ุจุชุจุทู„
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:11:15,730 --> 00:11:19,530
519
+ ุชููˆุช ุงู„ sodium ูˆูŠู†ุŸ intracellularุŒ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:11:19,530 --> 00:11:26,060
523
+ ุจูŠู‚ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงูŠุดุŸ ุงู„ potential receptor potential ุจูŠู‚ู„
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:11:26,060 --> 00:11:31,740
527
+ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ discharge of impulse ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:11:31,740 --> 00:11:35,160
531
+ receptor potential ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ adaptation
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:11:35,160 --> 00:11:40,580
535
+ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูƒูŠูŠู ุฃูˆ adaptation ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ pure
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:11:40,580 --> 00:11:43,720
539
+ physiology ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ pure physiology ูˆ ุฃุณุจูˆุน
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:11:43,720 --> 00:11:47,940
543
+ ุงู„ุฌุงูŠ ุฑุงุญ ุฃุชูƒู„ู… physiology classification of the
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:11:47,940 --> 00:11:55,460
547
+ receptors ุงูŠุด ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ receptors ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠุก ุจู†ุฌุณู… ุงู„ู€
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:11:55,460 --> 00:12:02,760
551
+ Receptors according to site of receptor ุญุณุจ ู…ูƒุงู†
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:12:02,760 --> 00:12:10,260
555
+ ุงู„ู€ Receptors ุงุซู†ูŠู† according to site of stimulus
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:12:10,260 --> 00:12:17,070
559
+ ุญุณุจ ู…ูƒุงู† ุงู„ stimulus ุซุงู„ุซู‹ุง according to specificity
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:12:17,070 --> 00:12:20,750
563
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ physiological classification it is
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:12:20,750 --> 00:12:24,050
567
+ more common a classification ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ physiological
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:12:24,050 --> 00:12:31,370
571
+ classification ูˆุงุญุฏ ุญุณุจ ุงู„ site of receptors ุญุณุจ
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:12:31,370 --> 00:12:37,330
575
+ ู…ูƒุงู† ุงู„ receptor ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ุงุช ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… ูˆุงุญุฏ
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:12:37,330 --> 00:12:43,190
579
+ somatic receptors ุงุซู†ูŠู† special receptors ุซู„ุงุซุฉ
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:12:43,190 --> 00:12:47,450
583
+ visceral receptors ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุญุณุจ ู…ูƒุงู† ุงู„ receptors
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:12:47,450 --> 00:12:53,830
587
+ ูŠู†ู‚ุณู…ู‡ ู„ุซู„ุงุซ ุฃู†ูˆุงุน somatic receptors visceral
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:12:53,830 --> 00:12:59,430
591
+ receptors ูˆ special receptors ุชู„ุงุช ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุทูŠุจ ุงูŠุด
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:12:59,430 --> 00:13:03,810
595
+ ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ somatic receptors ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุฌุงูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:13:03,810 --> 00:13:09,790
599
+ skin ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง cutaneous receptors cutaneous
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:13:09,790 --> 00:13:15,330
603
+ receptors ูŠุนู†ูŠ for pain for temperature we touch
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:13:15,330 --> 00:13:21,440
607
+ sensation ุฅุฐุง ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏูŠุจ structures ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… deep
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:13:21,440 --> 00:13:25,520
611
+ receptors ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ muscleุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„ tendonsุŒ ุงู„
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:13:25,520 --> 00:13:29,820
615
+ ligamentุŒ ุงู„ joint ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃู†ุง ุฌุณู…ุชู„ูƒูˆุง somatic
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:13:29,820 --> 00:13:34,780
619
+ receptors ุฏู‡ ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ุฅู…ุง ุฌุงูŠ receptors ุณุทุญูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌู„ุฏ
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:13:34,780 --> 00:13:39,040
623
+ cutaneous receptors ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ุฃู† painุŒ
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:13:39,040 --> 00:13:43,300
627
+ temperature ูˆ touch sensation ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุฃู„ู… ูˆ ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:13:43,300 --> 00:13:49,710
631
+ ูˆ ู„ู…ุณ ูˆุฅู…ุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ deep receptors ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ู€
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:13:49,710 --> 00:13:53,150
635
+ muscles ูˆ ุงู„ู€ joints ูˆ ุงู„ู€ ligaments ูˆ ุงู„ู€ tendons
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:13:53,150 --> 00:13:57,450
639
+ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ bone ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ Deep Receptors ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฎู„ุตู†ุง
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:13:57,450 --> 00:14:02,310
643
+ ุฃูˆู„ ู†ูˆุน Somatic ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ Special Receptors
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:14:02,310 --> 00:14:07,410
647
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุจุงู„ู€ Special Sensation ุฅู† ุดุงุก
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:14:07,410 --> 00:14:13,530
651
+ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุณุชุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ ุฒูŠ ุงูŠู‡ Vision Visual
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:14:13,530 --> 00:14:21,390
655
+ Receptors ููŠ ุงู„ุดุจุงูƒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู† cones and rods ู„ู„
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:14:21,390 --> 00:14:28,350
659
+ smell smell receptors ููŠ ุงู„ nasal cavity ู„ู„
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:14:28,350 --> 00:14:36,870
663
+ hearing ููŠ ุงู„ูƒูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ููŠ hearing receptors okay ูƒู„
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:14:36,870 --> 00:14:42,210
667
+ ู‡ุฐุง ู„ู„ taste ููŠ ุงู„ู€ tongue ููŠ ุงู„ู„ุณุงู† ููŠ taste buds
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:14:42,210 --> 00:14:47,390
671
+ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ taste receptors ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู„ู„ special
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:14:47,390 --> 00:14:52,510
675
+ sensation ูˆููŠ visceral receptors ู‡ุฐู‡ from the
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:14:52,510 --> 00:14:56,690
679
+ internal organs ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ internal organs
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:14:57,210 --> 00:15:01,890
683
+ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุดุฑุจ ุณูˆุงุฆู„ ูƒุซูŠุฑุŒ ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€urine
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:15:01,890 --> 00:15:05,690
687
+ bladderุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู†ุฉุŸ ุชุชู…ุฏุฏุŒ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุชุฃุซูŠุฑุŒ ุจูŠุจู‚ูˆุง
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:15:05,690 --> 00:15:08,950
691
+ ูŠุนุทูˆุง ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู„ู€stretch receptors ุฃูˆ ู„ู„ pain
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:15:08,950 --> 00:15:13,430
695
+ receptors ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉุŒ ุชุตู„ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู„ู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ุฅู†ู‡ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู†ุฉ
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:15:13,430 --> 00:15:18,130
699
+ ุตุงุฑุช fullุŒ ุจู„ุฒู… ุชุฑูˆุญ ุงู„ุขู† ู„ุทูˆู„ูŠุฉุŒ ุชุณุฑู‚ู‡ุงุŒ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:15:18,130 --> 00:15:24,010
703
+ ุงู„ receptors ุงุณู…ู‡ ุงูŠุดุŸ Internal receptors ุฃูˆ
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:15:24,010 --> 00:15:30,630
707
+ visceral receptors ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุดุฑุญู†ุง ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠุก according to
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:15:30,630 --> 00:15:36,910
711
+ the site of receptors ุงู„ุขู† ุจู†ุชูƒู„ู… according to
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:15:36,910 --> 00:15:44,410
715
+ site of stimulus ุญุณุจ ุงู„ stimulus ูˆูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุฃูˆ ู…ู†
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:15:44,410 --> 00:15:49,270
719
+ ูˆูŠู† ุฌุงู‰ Extraceptors ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ stimulus ุฌุงู‰ ู…ู†
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:15:49,270 --> 00:15:55,550
723
+ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุฃูˆ Intraceptors stimulus ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู†
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:15:55,550 --> 00:15:59,190
727
+ ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฅู† ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุงุณุชูŠู…ูˆู„ุงุณ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌ
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:15:59,190 --> 00:16:02,510
731
+ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ุงู„ Receptors ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฑุงุญูˆุง ูŠุณุชู‚ุจู„ูˆู‡ ุงุณู…ู‡ู…
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:16:02,510 --> 00:16:07,230
735
+ Extraceptors ูˆุฏู‡
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:16:07,230 --> 00:16:16,670
739
+ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ุงุณู…ู‡ู… Intraceptors ู…ุซุงู„ ุนู„ู‰
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:16:16,670 --> 00:16:18,830
743
+ Extraceptors
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:16:19,710 --> 00:16:23,130
747
+ cutaneous receptors ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงูŠุด cutaneous receptors
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:16:23,130 --> 00:16:28,530
751
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงูŠูŠู† ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌู„ุฏ ู…ุซู„ pain temperature
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:16:28,530 --> 00:16:34,010
755
+ touch receptors teleceptors
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:16:34
759
+
760
+ 201
761
+ 00:17:37,360 --> 00:17:43,300
762
+ ุฃู†ุง ุฃุดุชู… ุนู† ุจุนุฏ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ teleceptors ุฃุณู…ุน ุนู† ุจุนุฏ
763
+
764
+ 202
765
+ 00:17:43,300 --> 00:17:51,710
766
+ teleceptors ุฃุดุงู‡ุฏ ุนู† ุจุนุฏ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู…ุด ู„ุงุฒู… ุงู„ุดูŠุก ูŠู„ู…ุณ ุทุจ
767
+
768
+ 203
769
+ 00:17:51,710 --> 00:17:54,710
770
+ ุงู„ุชุฐูˆู‚ ุจู‚ุฏุฑ ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ุชุฐูˆู‚ teleceptors ู„ุฃ ูƒูŠู ุจุฏูŠ
771
+
772
+ 204
773
+ 00:17:54,710 --> 00:17:57,930
774
+ ุฃุชุฐูˆู‚ู‡ุŸ ุฅูŠุด ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุญุท ู‚ุทุนุฉ ูƒู†ุงูุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุทุงูˆู„ุฉ ูˆ ุฃู‚ูˆู„
775
+
776
+ 205
777
+ 00:17:57,930 --> 00:18:00,630
778
+ ู„ู„ุฌู…ุงุนุฉ ูŠุฎู„ู ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ุฒุงูƒูŠุฉ ูˆ ุญู„ูˆุฉุŸ ุทุจ ู„ุงุฒู… ุฃุฏูˆู‚ู‡ุง
779
+
780
+ 206
781
+ 00:18:00,630 --> 00:18:04,330
782
+ ุฃุญุทู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ receptors ุนุดุงู† ุฃุฏูˆู‚ู‡ุง ุจู†ูุนุŸ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง
783
+
784
+ 207
785
+ 00:18:04,330 --> 00:18:09,490
786
+ ุงู„ teleceptors ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ interceptors ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„
787
+
788
+ 208
789
+ 00:18:09,490 --> 00:18:14,850
790
+ stimulus ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ู…ุซู„ ุงู„
791
+
792
+ 209
793
+ 00:18:14,850 --> 00:18:18,430
794
+ proprioceptors ุงู„ proprioceptors ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ูˆูŠู†
795
+
796
+ 210
797
+ 00:18:18,430 --> 00:18:22,910
798
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ bone ููŠ ุงู„ muscle ููŠ ุงู„ tendon ููŠ ุงู„
799
+
800
+ 211
801
+ 00:18:22,910 --> 00:18:27,850
802
+ joint ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ุฅูŠุดุŸ ุนู† ุงู„ deep sensation ูŠุจู‚ูˆุง ุฅู†
803
+
804
+ 212
805
+ 00:18:27,850 --> 00:18:31,490
806
+ ุฅุฐุง ุงุฌู‰ sensation ู„ู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู…ู† ุงู„ joint ู…ู† ุงู„ muscle
807
+
808
+ 213
809
+ 00:18:31,490 --> 00:18:35,470
810
+ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุนู…ู„ irritation ู„ ุงู„ deep receptors deep
811
+
812
+ 214
813
+ 00:18:35,470 --> 00:18:39,230
814
+ receptors ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… proprioceptors ุงู‡
815
+
816
+ 215
817
+ 00:18:39,230 --> 00:18:45,230
818
+ proprioception ุงุซู†ูŠู† visceroceptors ู…ู† ุงุณู…ู‡
819
+
820
+ 216
821
+ 00:18:45,230 --> 00:18:49,530
822
+ viscero ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู‡ุงุฏูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ internal organ ู…ุซู„
823
+
824
+ 217
825
+ 00:18:49,530 --> 00:18:54,550
826
+ ุงู„ chemoreceptors Visceral stretch receptors for
827
+
828
+ 218
829
+ 00:18:54,550 --> 00:19:00,770
830
+ visceral pain ู…ุซู„
831
+
832
+ 219
833
+ 00:19:00,770 --> 00:19:06,160
834
+ ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู†ุฏู‡ Golgi Bladder stone ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุญุตูˆุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุฑุฉ
835
+
836
+ 220
837
+ 00:19:06,160 --> 00:19:12,020
838
+ ุจูŠุดุนุฑ ุจู…ุบุต ูˆ ุจุขู„ู… ุตุญุŸ ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุตูˆุฉ ุนู…ู„ุช
839
+
840
+ 221
841
+ 00:19:12,020 --> 00:19:15,360
842
+ irritation ูˆุนู…ู„ุช ุชู‡ูŠุฌ ู„ู„ visceral receptors
843
+
844
+ 222
845
+ 00:19:15,360 --> 00:19:19,200
846
+ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ Golgi Bladder ูˆ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุจุขู„ู… ูˆ ุณุจุจ
847
+
848
+ 223
849
+ 00:19:19,200 --> 00:19:22,940
850
+ ุงู„ุขู„ู… ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู…ูŠู† ุดุนุฑ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ุขู„ู… ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ receptors ูˆูŠู†
851
+
852
+ 224
853
+ 00:19:22,940 --> 00:19:25,380
854
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ receptors ููŠ ุงู„ wall of the Golgi Bladder
855
+
856
+ 225
857
+ 00:19:25,380 --> 00:19:30,540
858
+ ููŠ ุฌุฏุงุฑ ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุฑุฉ ุทุจ ู…ูŠู† ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠุฌู‡ุงุŸ
859
+
860
+ 226
861
+ 00:19:30,540 --> 00:19:36,420
862
+ ุงู„ุญุตูˆุฉ ู†ูุณู‡ุง ุนู…ู„ุช ุฃู„ู… ุญุฏุซ ุฃู„ู… ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง Hypothalamic
863
+
864
+ 227
865
+ 00:19:36,420 --> 00:19:42,020
866
+ Receptors ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ู€Gluco ReceptorsุŒ Osmo Receptors
867
+
868
+ 228
869
+ 00:19:42,020 --> 00:19:46,300
870
+ ูˆ Hypothalamic Thermal ReceptorsุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ
871
+
872
+ 229
873
+ 00:19:46,300 --> 00:19:50,380
874
+ ุงู„ู€HypothalamusุŒ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ู†ุง ุดุฑุญู†ุง ุชู‚ุณูŠู… ุงู„ู€Receptors
875
+
876
+ 230
877
+ 00:19:50,380 --> 00:19:55,530
878
+ ุญุณุจ site of Receptors ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู‚ุณู…ู†ุงู‡ู… ุญุณุจ ุงู„ site of
879
+
880
+ 231
881
+ 00:19:55,530 --> 00:20:00,490
882
+ stimulusุŒ ุงู„ุขู† ุฑุงุญ ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ receptors as
883
+
884
+ 232
885
+ 00:20:00,490 --> 00:20:04,850
886
+ physiological classification according to
887
+
888
+ 233
889
+ 00:20:04,850 --> 00:20:10,370
890
+ specificityุŒ ุญุณุจ ุงู„ู†ูˆุนุŒ ุญุณุจ ุฅูŠุดุŸ ุงู„ู†ูˆุนุŒ ุฃูˆู„ ู†ูˆุน
891
+
892
+ 234
893
+ 00:20:10,370 --> 00:20:16,150
894
+ mechanical receptorsุŒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ mechanical
895
+
896
+ 235
897
+ 00:20:16,150 --> 00:20:22,550
898
+ form of energy ู„ู…ุณ ุฃู„ู… ูƒุฏู‡ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ temperature
899
+
900
+ 236
901
+ 00:20:22,550 --> 00:20:28,910
902
+ touch ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุฅูŠุดุŸ ู…ูŠูƒุงู†ูˆ ุฑูŠุณุจุชุฑ ูƒูŠู…ูˆ ุฑูŠุณุจุชุฑ ูƒูŠู…ูˆ ุฑูŠุณุจุชุฑ
903
+
904
+ 237
905
+ 00:20:29,750 --> 00:20:33,210
906
+ detect change in concentration of certain
907
+
908
+ 238
909
+ 00:20:33,210 --> 00:20:36,290
910
+ chemicals ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„chemical
911
+
912
+ 239
913
+ 00:20:36,290 --> 00:20:42,370
914
+ substance ุดูŠุก ุญุงู…ุถ ุดูŠุก ู…ุงู„ุญ ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง nociceptors ุงู„ู„ูŠ
915
+
916
+ 240
917
+ 00:20:42,370 --> 00:20:46,490
918
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ุฃู„ู… ู‡ุฐูˆู„ three nerve endings responding
919
+
920
+ 241
921
+ 00:20:46,490 --> 00:20:52,270
922
+ to pain sensation thermoreceptors ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ
923
+
924
+ 242
925
+ 00:20:52,270 --> 00:20:58,320
926
+ ุจุงู„ temperature ูˆ photoreceptors ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุนู„ู‚ู‡ ุจูŠุด ุจุงู„
927
+
928
+ 243
929
+ 00:20:58,320 --> 00:21:01,000
930
+ vision ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุงุฏ ุงู„ุชู‚ุณูŠู…ุฉ ููŠ physiological
931
+
932
+ 244
933
+ 00:21:01,000 --> 00:21:06,940
934
+ classification according to specificity ุญุณุจ ู†ูˆุน ุงู„
935
+
936
+ 245
937
+ 00:21:06,940 --> 00:21:11,060
938
+ receptors ููŠ mechanical receptors ูƒูŠู…ูˆ ุฑูŠุณุจุชุฑ
939
+
940
+ 246
941
+ 00:21:11,060 --> 00:21:18,360
942
+ ู†ูˆุณูŠุจุชุฑ ุซูŠุฑู…ูˆ ุฑูŠุณุจุชุฑ ูˆ photoreceptors ู„ุฃู† ุฅู†ุชุฌู„
943
+
944
+ 247
945
+ 00:21:18,360 --> 00:21:25,950
946
+ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ synapse ุฅูŠุด ู‡ูˆ synapse It is a region at
947
+
948
+ 248
949
+ 00:21:25,950 --> 00:21:30,390
950
+ which a neuron communicates with its target cell
951
+
952
+ 249
953
+ 00:21:30,390 --> 00:21:36,630
954
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฅู† ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† a region ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ ู†ูุณ ุงู„
955
+
956
+ 250
957
+ 00:21:36,630 --> 00:21:39,410
958
+ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ communication ู…ุน ุงู„ target cell
959
+
960
+ 251
961
+ 00:21:39,410 --> 00:21:46,830
962
+ function of synapse is a transfer electric
963
+
964
+ 252
965
+ 00:21:46,830 --> 00:21:51,640
966
+ activity information from one cell to another to
967
+
968
+ 253
969
+ 00:21:51,640 --> 00:21:55,660
970
+ another ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅูŠุดุŸ ุจูˆุตู„ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ู† one cell ู„ุฅูŠุดุŸ ู„
971
+
972
+ 254
973
+ 00:21:55,660 --> 00:22:01,260
974
+ another cell ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ synapse the transfer can be
975
+
976
+ 255
977
+ 00:22:01,260 --> 00:22:05,000
978
+ from nerve to nerve ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุชูˆุตูŠู„ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ู†
979
+
980
+ 256
981
+ 00:22:05,000 --> 00:22:10,580
982
+ nerve ู„ nerve first order ู„ second order ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุณู…ูŠ
983
+
984
+ 257
985
+ 00:22:10,580 --> 00:22:11,760
986
+ neural
987
+
988
+ 258
989
+ 00:22:13,870 --> 00:22:17,130
990
+ type ุงู„ู€ neuroneural type ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅูŠุด ู…ู‚ุตูˆุฏ ุจูŠู†
991
+
992
+ 259
993
+ 00:22:17,130 --> 00:22:21,350
994
+ neuroneural type ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ synapse ุจูŠู† two neurons
995
+
996
+ 260
997
+ 00:22:21,350 --> 00:22:26,590
998
+ ุจูŠู† ุฅูŠุดุŸ two neurons ู‡ุฐุง ุจุณู…ูŠู‡ neuroneural type ุฃูˆ
999
+
1000
+ 261
1001
+ 00:22:26,590 --> 00:22:33,870
1002
+ ุจูŠู† nerve ูˆ muscle ุจุณู…ูŠู‡ neuromuscular type ูŠู…ูƒู†
1003
+
1004
+ 262
1005
+ 00:22:33,870 --> 00:22:37,310
1006
+ ููŠู‡ neuromuscular type ุฃูˆ ุจุณู…ูŠู‡ neuromuscular
1007
+
1008
+ 263
1009
+ 00:22:37,310 --> 00:22:41,290
1010
+ junction ูˆ ููŠู‡ neuroneural type ู„ุฃู† neuroneural
1011
+
1012
+ 264
1013
+ 00:22:41,290 --> 00:22:48,800
1014
+ type ุจูŠู† two neurons ุงู„ู†ูŠุฑูˆ ู‡ูˆ ู†ูˆุน ุนุถูˆ ุจูŠู† ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุฃูˆ
1015
+
1016
+ 265
1017
+ 00:22:48,800 --> 00:22:54,580
1018
+ nerve ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน muscle fibers ุงู„ุจุฑูŠุณู†ุงุจุชูƒ
1019
+
1020
+ 266
1021
+ 00:22:54,580 --> 00:22:58,960
1022
+ ุงู„ูˆุฒูŠูƒุงู„ ูŠุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ neurotransmitter ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฑูŠุณู†ุงุจุชูƒ
1023
+
1024
+ 267
1025
+ 00:22:58,960 --> 00:23:05,040
1026
+ ุงู„ูˆุฒูŠูƒุงู„ ููŠู‡ู… neurotransmitter ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง
1027
+
1028
+ 268
1029
+ 00:23:05,040 --> 00:23:11,440
1030
+ ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง stimulation ุฃูˆ ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง inhibition ู„ุจูˆุณุชุณูŠู†ุงุจุชูƒ
1031
+
1032
+ 269
1033
+ 00:23:11,440 --> 00:23:15,180
1034
+ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฑูŠุณู†ุงุจุชูƒ physical ููŠู‡ู…
1035
+
1036
+ 270
1037
+ 00:23:15,180 --> 00:23:18,460
1038
+ neurotransmitters ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ neurotransmitters ุฃู…ุง
1039
+
1040
+ 271
1041
+ 00:23:18,460 --> 00:23:22,460
1042
+ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… ุจุชูƒูˆู† stimulatory ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง stimulation ุฃูˆ
1043
+
1044
+ 272
1045
+ 00:23:22,460 --> 00:23:26,700
1046
+ inhibitory ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง inhibition ู„ู„ post synaptic
1047
+
1048
+ 273
1049
+ 00:23:26,700 --> 00:23:32,120
1050
+ neuron structure of the synapse ู…ู† ุฅูŠุด ุจุชูƒูˆู†
1051
+
1052
+ 274
1053
+ 00:23:32,120 --> 00:23:40,440
1054
+ ุงู„ุณูŠู†ุงุจุณุŸ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุฃุฌุฒุงุก axon terminal ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ
1055
+
1056
+ 275
1057
+ 00:23:40,440 --> 00:23:43,000
1058
+ ุงู„ axon ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠ ุงู„ pre synaptic neuron
1059
+
1060
+ 276
1061
+ 00:23:44,860 --> 00:23:49,340
1062
+ Synaptic cleft ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† space between pre
1063
+
1064
+ 277
1065
+ 00:23:49,340 --> 00:23:53,900
1066
+ -synaptic and post-synaptic ูˆ ุงู„ู…ู…ุจุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู† ู†ูŠุฑูˆู†
1067
+
1068
+ 278
1069
+ 00:23:53,900 --> 00:23:57,440
1070
+ post-synaptic ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฌุฒุก pre-synaptic ู†ูŠุฑูˆู†
1071
+
1072
+ 279
1073
+ 00:23:57,440 --> 00:24:02,640
1074
+ ูˆ ุฌุฒุก post-synaptic ูˆ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ููŠู‡ cleft ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง
1075
+
1076
+ 280
1077
+ 00:24:02,640 --> 00:24:09,280
1078
+ synaptic cleft ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ axonal
1079
+
1080
+ 281
1081
+ 00:24:09,280 --> 00:24:16,500
1082
+ terminal ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ pre-synaptic ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง boss
1083
+
1084
+ 282
1085
+ 00:24:16,500 --> 00:24:20,160
1086
+ synaptic ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ dendrites ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุณุงุญุฉ
1087
+
1088
+ 283
1089
+ 00:24:20,160 --> 00:24:25,070
1090
+ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุฅูŠุดุŸ Synaptic Clift Synaptic Clift
1091
+
1092
+ 284
1093
+ 00:24:25,070 --> 00:24:28,910
1094
+ ูˆ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ู€ Pre-Synaptic ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ู… ุงู„ู€
1095
+
1096
+ 285
1097
+ 00:24:28,910 --> 00:24:32,750
1098
+ neurotransmitters ุงู„ู€ neurotransmitters ู‡ู„ุฃ ุงู„
1099
+
1100
+ 286
1101
+ 00:24:32,750 --> 00:24:35,790
1102
+ neurotransmitters ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุฅู…ุง ุฑุงุญ ูŠุคุฏูˆุง ุฅู„ู‰
1103
+
1104
+ 287
1105
+ 00:24:35,790 --> 00:24:40,590
1106
+ stimulation ู„ู„ู€ post-synaptic ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ูˆ ุฅู…ุง ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆู„ู‡ู…
1107
+
1108
+ 288
1109
+ 00:24:40,590 --> 00:24:45,430
1110
+ ุฅูŠุดุŸ Inhibition ู„ู„ู€ post-synaptic ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
1111
+
1112
+ 289
1113
+ 00:24:45,430 --> 00:24:51,200
1114
+ post-synaptic pre-synaptic ูˆ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… a-synaptic cleft
1115
+
1116
+ 290
1117
+ 00:24:51,200 --> 00:24:54,300
1118
+ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ neurotransmitters ู‡ู†ุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ
1119
+
1120
+ 291
1121
+ 00:24:54,300 --> 00:24:58,640
1122
+ ุงู„ู€ pre-synaptic ุฅู…ุง ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆู„ู†ุง stimulation ุฃูˆ
1123
+
1124
+ 292
1125
+ 00:24:58,640 --> 00:25:03,680
1126
+ inhibition ู„ู„ู€ post-synaptic ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุงู„ู€ pre
1127
+
1128
+ 293
1129
+ 00:25:03,680 --> 00:25:08,480
1130
+ -synaptic ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ axonal terminal ูˆ ุงู„ post
1131
+
1132
+ 294
1133
+ 00:25:08,480 --> 00:25:17,640
1134
+ -synaptic ู‡ูˆ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ dendrite ุงู„ ion channels ููŠ
1135
+
1136
+ 295
1137
+ 00:25:17,640 --> 00:25:22,500
1138
+ ูƒุงุชูŠูˆู† ูˆ ุฃู†ูŠูˆู†ุŒ ุงู„ูƒุงุชูŠูˆู† ู‡ู…ุง ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฅูŠุดุŸ ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู…
1139
+
1140
+ 296
1141
+ 00:25:22,500 --> 00:25:26,520
1142
+ ูˆ ุฃุญูŠุงู†ุง
1143
+
1144
+ 297
1145
+ 00:25:26,520 --> 00:25:32,060
1146
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู… ุฃูˆ ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู…ุŒ ุงู„ุฃู†ูŠูˆู† ูƒู„ูˆุฑูŠุฏุŒ
1147
+
1148
+ 298
1149
+ 00:25:32,060 --> 00:25:37,040
1150
+ transmitters that open sodium channels leads to
1151
+
1152
+ 299
1153
+ 00:25:37,040 --> 00:25:42,650
1154
+ excitation Excitation ุฃูˆ Stimulation of both
1155
+
1156
+ 300
1157
+ 00:25:42,650 --> 00:25:46,470
1158
+ synaptic neurons ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ุชุฑุงู†ุณู…ูŠุชุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูุชุญูˆุง ุงู„
1159
+
1160
+ 301
1161
+ 00:25:46,470 --> 00:25:51,130
1162
+ sodium channels ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑูˆุง ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ Excitation ุฃูˆ
1163
+
1164
+ 302
1165
+ 00:25:51,130 --> 00:25:57,530
1166
+ Stimulation of both synaptic neurons ูˆ ุงู„
1167
+
1168
+ 303
1169
+ 00:25:57,530 --> 00:26:04,590
1170
+ transmitters ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูุชุญูˆุง ุงู„ chloride channels
1171
+
1172
+ 304
1173
+ 00:26:04,590 --> 00:26:10,130
1174
+ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆู„ู†ุง ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ inhibition ู„ both synaptic neurons
1175
+
1176
+ 305
1177
+ 00:26:10,130 --> 00:26:13,870
1178
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุงุฎุชุตุงุฑ ู„ู„ู€ neurotransmitters ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ู†ูˆุนูŠู†
1179
+
1180
+ 306
1181
+ 00:26:13,870 --> 00:26:17,170
1182
+ ุจูŠูุชุญูˆุง ุงู„ sodium channels ูˆ ุจูŠุคุฏูˆุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุฅูŠุดุŸ
1183
+
1184
+ 307
1185
+ 00:26:17,170 --> 00:26:20,150
1186
+ excitation and stimulation of both synaptic
1187
+
1188
+ 308
1189
+ 00:26:20,150 --> 00:26:24,390
1190
+ neurons ูˆ ู†ูˆุน ุจูŠูุชุญูˆู„ู†ุง ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ chloride
1191
+
1192
+ 309
1193
+ 00:26:24,390 --> 00:26:28,810
1194
+ channels ูˆ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆู„ู†ุง ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ inhibition ู„ both
1195
+
1196
+ 310
1197
+ 00:26:28,810 --> 00:26:37,390
1198
+ synaptic neurons ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ neurotransmitters ู…ู…ูƒู†
1199
+
1200
+ 311
1201
+ 00:26:37,390 --> 00:26:40,690
1202
+ ู†ู‚ุณู…ู‡ู… ุญุณุจ ุงู„ chemical structures ูˆ ุฅู…ุง ุญุณุจ ุงู„
1203
+
1204
+ 312
1205
+ 00:26:40,690 --> 00:26:44,120
1206
+ function ุญุณุจ ุงู„ chemical structures ููŠ
1207
+
1208
+ 313
1209
+ 00:26:44,120 --> 00:26:48,960
1210
+ Acetylcholine ูˆ ููŠ Amino Acid ู…ุซู„ Glutamate,
1211
+
1212
+ 314
1213
+ 00:26:49,600 --> 00:26:55,100
1214
+ Aspartate, Glycine, Gamma Amino Biotic Acid ููŠ
1215
+
1216
+ 315
1217
+ 00:26:55,100 --> 00:26:59,240
1218
+ Amine ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† Epinephrine, Norepinephrine,
1219
+
1220
+ 316
1221
+ 00:26:59,360 --> 00:27:04,620
1222
+ Serotonin ูˆ ููŠ Neuropeptide ู…ุซู„ Hydrophins ูˆ
1223
+
1224
+ 317
1225
+ 00:27:04,620 --> 00:27:08,220
1226
+ Enkephalins ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ brain ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„
1227
+
1228
+ 318
1229
+ 00:27:08,220 --> 00:27:14,850
1230
+ pain ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุญุณุจ ุงู„ functions ุจู†ู‚ุณู…ู‡ู… ุฅู„ู‰
1231
+
1232
+ 319
1233
+ 00:27:14,850 --> 00:27:20,470
1234
+ excitatory ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ glutamate ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุชูˆุฑูŠ ู…ุซู„
1235
+
1236
+ 320
1237
+ 00:27:20,470 --> 00:27:28,230
1238
+ ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุนุฉ ู…ูŠู†ูˆ ุจูŠูˆุฑูŠุชูƒ ุฃุณุฏ GABA ุงู„ุขู†
1239
+
1240
+ 321
1241
+ 00:27:28,230 --> 00:27:35,930
1242
+ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ classification of somatic sensation ุงู„
1243
+
1244
+ 322
1245
+ 00:27:35,930 --> 00:27:41,140
1246
+ classification of somatic sensation ุงู„ุขู† ุฑุงุญ ุฃุชูƒู„ู…
1247
+
1248
+ 323
1249
+ 00:27:41,140 --> 00:27:45,680
1250
+ ุนู„ู‰ somatic sensation only somatic sensation
1251
+
1252
+ 324
1253
+ 00:27:45,680 --> 00:27:48,880
1254
+ according to the site of sensation ุญุณุจ ุงู„ site of
1255
+
1256
+ 325
1257
+ 00:27:48,880 --> 00:27:53,120
1258
+ sensation superficial sensation ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ sensation
1259
+
1260
+ 326
1261
+ 00:27:53,120 --> 00:27:59,320
1262
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ skin ุฌุงูŠุฉ ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ pain ุงู„ุฃู„ู… touch ุงู„ู„ู…ุณ
1263
+
1264
+ 327
1265
+ 00:27:59,320 --> 00:28:04,820
1266
+ temperature ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุฃูˆ deep sensation ู‡ู… ุงู„
1267
+
1268
+ 328
1269
+ 00:28:04,820 --> 00:28:10,140
1270
+ sensation from the muscles, tendons, joints,
1271
+
1272
+ 329
1273
+ 00:28:10,400 --> 00:28:15,040
1274
+ bones, ligaments ู‡ุชุนุชุจุฑ ุฅูŠุดุŸ deep ุงู„ deep
1275
+
1276
+ 330
1277
+ 00:28:15,040 --> 00:28:19,240
1278
+ sensation ู„ู‡ ุฃู†ูˆุงุน proprioceptive sensation ู„ูŠู‡ a
1279
+
1280
+ 331
1281
+ 00:28:19,240 --> 00:28:23,500
1282
+ sense of position and sense of movement pressure
1283
+
1284
+ 332
1285
+ 00:28:23,500 --> 00:28:29,270
1286
+ sensation muscle tension sense muscle senseุŒ
1287
+
1288
+ 333
1289
+ 00:28:29,270 --> 00:28:33,110
1290
+ vibration senseุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ vibration senseุŸ ู„ูˆ ุฌุจู†ุง
1291
+
1292
+ 334
1293
+ 00:28:33,110 --> 00:28:38,130
1294
+ ุฌูˆุงู„ ูˆ ุญุทูŠู†ุงู‡ ุฑู†ูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุทู†ูŠู† ูˆ ุญุทูŠู†ุงู‡ ุน ุฌุณู…ู†ุง
1295
+
1296
+ 335
1297
+ 00:28:38,130 --> 00:28:42,780
1298
+ ุจู†ุดุนุฑ ููŠู‡ุŸ ุจู†ุดุนุฑุŒ ู„ูˆ ุฌุจู†ุง ุดูˆูƒุฉ ุฑู†ุงู†ุฉุŸ ูˆ ุถุฑุจู†ุงู‡ุง
1299
+
1300
+ 336
1301
+ 00:28:42,780 --> 00:28:45,300
1302
+ ุดูˆูƒุฉ ูˆ ุญุทูŠู†ุงู‡ุง ุน ุนุธู… ุงู„ prominance ูˆ ุจู†ุดุนุฑ ููŠ ุงู„
1303
+
1304
+ 337
1305
+ 00:28:45,300 --> 00:28:48,420
1306
+ vibrationุŸ ุจู†ุดุนุฑ ู„ูˆ ุฑูˆุญู†ุง ู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ุฃุณู†ุงู† ูˆ ูุญุฑ
1307
+
1308
+ 338
1309
+ 00:28:48,420 --> 00:28:51,360
1310
+ ุทุญูˆู†ุชู†ุง ุจู†ุดุนุฑ ููŠู‡ vibrationุŸ ุจู†ุดุนุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ vibration
1311
+
1312
+ 339
1313
+ 00:28:51,360 --> 00:28:56,160
1314
+ ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ vibration sense ุทุจ ุงู„ muscle sense ู„ูˆ
1315
+
1316
+ 340
1317
+ 00:28:56,160 --> 00:28:59,200
1318
+ ุฌูŠู†ุง ุนู…ู„ู†ุง palpation ู„ู„ muscle ุญุณูŠู†ุงู‡ุง tenderness
1319
+
1320
+ 341
1321
+ 00:28:59,200 --> 00:29:02,980
1322
+ soft legs ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจูŠุดุนุฑู‡ ุจุขู„ู… ุจูŠุดุนุฑุด ุจุขู„ู… ููŠ ุงู„
1323
+
1324
+ 342
1325
+ 00:29:02,980 --> 00:29:07,880
1326
+ muscle ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ muscle sensation ุทุจ muscle tension
1327
+
1328
+ 343
1329
+ 00:29:07,880 --> 00:29:14,000
1330
+ sense ู„ูˆ ุฌุจู†ุง ูˆุฒู†ูŠู† ู…ุฎุชู„ููŠู† ุญุทู†ุงู‡ู… ููŠ ุฅูŠุฏู†ุง ูˆ ุบู…ุทู†ุง
1331
+
1332
+ 344
1333
+ 00:29:14,000 --> 00:29:18,360
1334
+ ุนูŠู†ูŠู†ุง ูˆ ุฑูุนุชู‡ู… ู„ุงุฒู… ุฃู…ูŠุฒ ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ุฃุซู‚ู„ ุงู„ุฌูˆุงู„ ูˆู„ุง
1335
+
1336
+ 345
1337
+ 00:29:18,360 --> 00:29:23,280
1338
+ ุงู„ุฌู„ู… ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุดุนุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุฒู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฅู† ู‡ุฐุง
1339
+
1340
+ 346
1341
+ 00:29:23,280 --> 00:29:27,880
1342
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ muscle tension sense ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุฌุจู†ุง ูˆุฒู†ูŠู†
1343
+
1344
+ 347
1345
+ 00:29:27,880 --> 00:29:32,600
1346
+ ู…ุฎุชู„ููŠู† ูˆ ุญุทู†ุงู‡ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุฅูŠุฏู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ูŠ ุฅูŠุฏ ูˆ ู‡ูŠ ุฅูŠุฏ
1347
+
1348
+ 348
1349
+ 00:29:32,600 --> 00:29:39,810
1350
+ ููˆู‚ู‡ุง ูˆ ู†ู…ูŠุฒ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ู…ูŠู† ุฃุซู‚ู„ ุงู„ุฌูˆุงู„ ูˆู„ุง ุงู„ุฌู„ู… ูˆ ุฃู†ุง
1351
+
1352
+ 349
1353
+ 00:29:39,810 --> 00:29:43,410
1354
+ ู…ุบู…ุถ ุนูŠู†ูŠุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ pressure sense ู…ุซุงู„ ุขุฎุฑ ุนู„ู‰
1355
+
1356
+ 350
1357
+ 00:29:43,410 --> 00:29:47,910
1358
+ pressure sense ู„ูˆ ุฃุฌูŠ ุฃูˆู„ุงุฏู‡ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุจู†ุงุช ูˆ ูˆู„ุฏ
1359
+
1360
+ 351
1361
+ 00:29:47,910 --> 00:29:51,450
1362
+ ู‚ุงุนุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุฑุฌู„ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุนู…ุฑู‡ ุณู†ุชูŠู† ูˆ ูˆู„ุฏ ุนู…ุฑู‡ ุนุดุฑ ุณู†ูŠู†
1363
+
1364
+ 352
1365
+ 00:29:51,450 --> 00:29:54,470
1366
+ ู‚ุงุนุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ู…ุด ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ู‚ุงุนุฏ ุจุดุนุฑ ููŠู‡ู… ุฃุซู‚ู„ ูˆ ู…ูŠู†
1367
+
1368
+ 353
1369
+ 00:29:54,470 --> 00:29:57,670
1370
+ ุฃุชุนุจู†ูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ pressure sense ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ุจูŠู†
1371
+
1372
+ 354
1373
+ 00:29:57,670 --> 00:30:01,170
1374
+ pressure sense ูˆ muscle tension sense ุงู„ pressure
1375
+
1376
+ 355
1377
+ 00:30:01,170 --> 00:30:06,330
1378
+ sense ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุจู†ุถุน ูˆุฒู†ูŠู† ู…ุฎุชู„ููŠู† ูˆ ุงู„ upper limbs ุฃูˆ
1379
+
1380
+ 356
1381
+ 00:30:06,330 --> 00:30:09,010
1382
+ ุงู„ lower limbs ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฃู†ุง fixed ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃู†ุง ู…ุง ุจุชุญุฑูƒุด
1383
+
1384
+ 357
1385
+ 00:30:09,010 --> 00:30:12,330
1386
+ ุจุญุฑูƒู‡ู…ุด ุฃู†ุง ุดุนุฑุช ุจุงู„ pressure ุจุชุงุนูŠ ู‡ุฐุง pressure
1387
+
1388
+ 358
1389
+ 00:30:12,330 --> 00:30:16,050
1390
+ sense ู„ูƒู† muscle tension sense ุฃู†ุง ุฃุฎุฏุช ุธุฑู ุจูƒุงุช
1391
+
1392
+ 359
1393
+ 00:30:16,050 --> 00:30:21,640
1394
+ ููŠู‡ ุฃุบุฑุงุถ ูˆ ุญู…ู„ุชู‡ ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุดุนุฑ ุฃูˆ ุฃุญุณ ุฅู† ุงู„ูˆุฒู† ู…ุธุจูˆุท 2
1395
+
1396
+ 360
1397
+ 00:30:21,640 --> 00:30:26,020
1398
+ ูƒูŠู„ูˆ ุฃูˆ 3 ูƒูŠู„ูˆ ู…ุณูƒุช ููŠู‡ ุฅุซู†ูŠู† ุจูƒุงุชูŠู† ู…ุฎุชู„ููŠู† ูˆ ู‚ู„ุช
1399
+
1400
+ 361
1401
+ 00:30:26,020 --> 00:30:29,320
1402
+ ู„ุฃ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃุซู‚ู„ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ุฃู†ุง ุดุนุฑุช ุจุงู„ูˆุฒู† ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ
1403
+
1404
+ 362
1405
+ 00:30:29,320 --> 00:30:33,180
1406
+ ู†ูุณู‡ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ muscle tension ash essence ุงู„
1407
+
1408
+ 363
1409
+ 00:30:33,180 --> 00:30:36,720
1410
+ proprio reception ุฃูˆ proprio receptive ู‡ู… ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
1411
+
1412
+ 364
1413
+ 00:30:36,720 --> 00:30:40,500
1414
+ ash essence of joint ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ joint ู„ูˆ
1415
+
1416
+ 365
1417
+ 00:30:40,500 --> 00:30:44,970
1418
+ ุฃู†ุง ุบู…ุทุช ู‡ู†ุง ูˆ ุญุฑูƒุช ุฃุตุจุน ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู„ููˆู‚ ูˆ ู„ุชุญุช ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ
1419
+
1420
+ 366
1421
+ 00:30:44,970 --> 00:30:49,610
1422
+ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุดุนุฑ ุฃูŠ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุฃูŠ ุฌูˆูŠู†ุช ุฃู†ุง ุญุฑูƒุชู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฌูŠู†ุง ุงู„
1423
+
1424
+ 367
1425
+ 00:30:49,610 --> 00:30:55,670
1426
+ finger ููˆู‚ ุฃูˆ ุชุญุช ุจุฏูŠ ูŠุญุฏุฏู„ูŠ ุฃูŠ ุฃุตุจุน ุฃู†ุง ุญุฑูƒุชู‡ ุจุณ
1427
+
1428
+ 368
1429
+ 00:30:55,670 --> 00:30:59,970
1430
+ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุนูŠู†ูŠู† ู…ุบู…ุถูŠู† ูˆ ู…ุณูƒุฑุฉ ุนูŠู†ูŠุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ
1431
+
1432
+ 369
1433
+ 00:30:59,970 --> 00:31:07,440
1434
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง joint sense ููŠ combined sensation ุฒูŠ
1435
+
1436
+ 370
1437
+ 00:31:07,440 --> 00:31:13,600
1438
+ Stereognosis ุฅูŠุด StereognosisุŸ ู„ูˆ ุฌุจู†ุง ุดูŠุก ู‡ุงูŠ
1439
+
1440
+ 371
1441
+ 00:31:13,600 --> 00:31:19,780
1442
+ ุนุตุงูŠุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุนุดุฑุฉ ุดูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุฌูŠุจ ู…ุจู„ุบ ู…ู† ุงู„ูู„ูˆุณ ูˆ
1443
+
1444
+ 372
1445
+ 00:31:19,780 --> 00:31:23,620
1446
+ ุจุญุทู‡ ููŠ ุฅูŠุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู…ุบู…ุถ ุนูŠู†ูŠุง ุจุงู„ู„ู…ุณ
1447
+
1448
+ 373
1449
+ 00:31:23,620 --> 00:31:29,740
1450
+ ุจูŠู…ูŠุฒู„ูŠ ุฎู…ุณ ุดูƒู„ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุดูƒู„ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุดูƒู„ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุดูƒู„ ุดูƒู„
1451
+
1452
+ 374
1453
+ 00:31:29,740 --> 00:31:37,590
1454
+ ุนุดุฑุฉ ุดูƒู„ ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠู…ูŠุฒู„ูŠ ุทูŠุจ ุญุทูŠู†ุง ููŠ ุฅูŠุฏู‡ ุดูƒู„ ูˆ
1455
+
1456
+ 375
1457
+ 00:31:37,590 --> 00:31:42,010
1458
+ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุดูƒู„ ู„ุงุฒู… ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง ุนูŠุฏู„ูŠ ุฅูŠุด ู‡ู…ุŸ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง ุนูŠุฏู„ูŠ
1459
+
1460
+ 376
1461
+ 00:31:42,010 --> 00:31:44,790
1462
+ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ูƒุงู…ุŸ ููŠ ุฏู‡ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ู„ูŠ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุดูƒู„ ุจุงู„ู…ุซู„ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ู„ูŠ
1463
+
1464
+ 377
1465
+ 00:31:44,790 --> 00:31:48,590
1466
+ ู‡ุฏุง ุดูƒู„ ูˆ ู‡ุฏุง ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุดูƒู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅู† ู‡ูˆ ุจุงู„ู„ู…ุณ ุญุฏุฏู‡ ุฃูˆ
1467
+
1468
+ 378
1469
+ 00:31:48,590 --> 00:31:52,590
1470
+ ุฌุจู†ุง ุฌู„ู… ุฃูˆ ู…ูุชุงุญ ูˆ ุญุทูŠู†ุง ููŠู‡ ุฏู‡ ูˆ ู‡ู… ุบู…ุถู†ุงู‡
1471
+
1472
+ 379
1473
+ 00:31:52,590 --> 00:31:56,270
1474
+ ุจุงู„ู„ู…ุณ ุจูŠุดุนุฑ ุฅูŠุดุŸ ุฅู† ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ุฏุง ุฌู„ู… ู‡ุฏุง ู…ูุชุงุญ ู‡ุฏุง
1475
+
1476
+ 380
1477
+ 00:31:56,270 --> 00:32:01,870
1478
+ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุฅูŠุดุŸ ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ stereo diagnosis ุงู„
1479
+
1480
+ 381
1481
+ 00:32:01,870 --> 00:32:06,570
1482
+ Tactile Discrimination ุจู†ุฌูŠุจ ู…ุซู„ ุซุฑุฌุงุฑ ุจุณู†ูŠู† ูˆ
1483
+
1484
+ 382
1485
+ 00:32:06,570 --> 00:32:09,250
1486
+ ุจู†ุญุทู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ hand ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูŠุดุนุฑ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ two
1487
+
1488
+ 383
1489
+ 00:32:09,250
1490
+
1491
+ 401
1492
+ 00:33:27,080 --> 00:33:31,560
1493
+ thermoreceptive sensation ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„heat and
1494
+
1495
+ 402
1496
+ 00:33:31,560 --> 00:33:34,120
1497
+ cold sensation ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„temperature
1498
+
1499
+ 403
1500
+ 00:33:34,120 --> 00:33:39,260
1501
+ sensation ูˆุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ pain sensation ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1502
+
1503
+ 404
1504
+ 00:33:39,260 --> 00:33:44,520
1505
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ุฃู„ู… ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู„ู‡ุง ู†ู‚ู ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู†
1506
+
1507
+ 405
1508
+ 00:33:44,520 --> 00:33:48,660
1509
+ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉุŒ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ููŠู‡ ุนู„ู‰
1510
+
1511
+ 406
1512
+ 00:33:48,660 --> 00:33:53,240
1513
+ pain sensation ูˆุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ pathway of
1514
+
1515
+ 407
1516
+ 00:33:53,240 --> 00:33:57,080
1517
+ superficial sensation and pathway of deep
1518
+
1519
+ 408
1520
+ 00:33:57,080 --> 00:33:57,720
1521
+ sensation
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/2Fl5-lllqJc_postprocess.srt ADDED
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1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:04,910 --> 00:00:07,990
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:07,990 --> 00:00:13,110
7
+ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุณุชูƒูˆู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ู„ุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุญุงุฏูŠ
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:13,110 --> 00:00:18,650
11
+ ุนุดุฑ ุนู† ุงู„ somatic sensation ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฑุงุญ ุฃู‚ุณู…ู‡ุง
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:18,650 --> 00:00:23,550
15
+ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฌุฒุฆูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุฑุงุญ ุฃุชุทู„ุน ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ receptors ุฃูˆ
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:23,550 --> 00:00:26,030
19
+ sensory receptors ูˆุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ sensory receptors
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:26,030 --> 00:00:29,470
23
+ sensory
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:29,470 --> 00:00:32,570
27
+ system sensory system
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:35,120 --> 00:00:41,360
31
+ ุชู†ู‚ุณู… ุฅู„ู‰ somatic sensationุŒ special sensesุŒ
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:41,360 --> 00:00:45,280
35
+ visceral sensation ูˆ organic sensation
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:47,150 --> 00:00:50,010
39
+ ุงู„ุงุณุจูˆุน ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงุณุจูˆุน ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนุดุฑุฉ ุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:50,010 --> 00:00:53,050
43
+ somatic sensation ุงุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุนุดุฑุฉ ุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:00:53,050 --> 00:00:56,910
47
+ ุงู„ special sensation somatic sensation ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:00:56,910 --> 00:01:02,270
51
+ sensation from the skin and deep tissue sensation
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:02,270 --> 00:01:06,270
55
+ from the skin and deep tissue ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ deep
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:06,270 --> 00:01:12,550
59
+ tissueุŒ muscleุŒ jointsุŒ ligaments conducted to CNS
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:14,700 --> 00:01:20,640
63
+ through the somatic nerves ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุจุชุตู„ ู„ู€CNS ู…ู†
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:20,640 --> 00:01:25,940
67
+ ุงู„ู€receptors ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ somatic nerves special
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:25,940 --> 00:01:31,100
71
+ sensation reaching the central nervous system
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:31,100 --> 00:01:36,220
75
+ through specialized cranial nerves ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุจุชุตู„
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:36,220 --> 00:01:39,260
79
+ ู„ู€central nervous system ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ specialized
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:39,260 --> 00:01:46,960
83
+ nerves ู…ุซู„ sense of visionุงู„ู†ุธุฑ ุซุงู†ูŠ sense of
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:01:46,960 --> 00:01:53,920
87
+ hearing and equilibrium sense of smell sense of
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:01:53,920 --> 00:01:59,040
91
+ taste ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู† ุงู„ู†ุธุฑ vision ุงู„ุณู…ุน ุงู„ุญุงุณุณ ุงู„ุดู…
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:01:59,040 --> 00:02:05,740
95
+ ุงู„ุชุฐูˆู‚ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ special sensation ุชู„ุงุชุฉ visceral
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:05,740 --> 00:02:09,180
99
+ sensationincluding all sensations from the
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:09,180 --> 00:02:13,220
103
+ visceral structures ุฃูˆ from the internal organs
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:13,220 --> 00:02:18,000
107
+ ุชุตู„ ู„ ุงู„ู€CNS through autonomic nerves ูŠูˆู… ุฃุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:18,000 --> 00:02:22,480
111
+ ุนู† autonomic nervous system organic sensation ุงู„ู„ูŠ
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:22,480 --> 00:02:27,560
115
+ ู‡ูŠ hunger, thirst and sexual sensation ูƒู„ู‡ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:27,560 --> 00:02:32,300
119
+ ู‡ุฐุง organic sensation ุฑุงุญ ุฃุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:32,300 --> 00:02:37,840
123
+ ุจู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุนู† sensory receptorsSensory Receptors ู‡ู…
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:02:37,840 --> 00:02:43,060
127
+ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† Specialized Structures Located at the
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:02:43,060 --> 00:02:46,800
131
+ Peripheral Beginning of Sensory Neurons ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู†ุฏูŠ
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:02:46,800 --> 00:02:54,280
135
+ ู‡ุฐุง nerve ุฑุงูŠุญ ู„ cell body ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจูŠุทู„ุน ู…ู†ู‡ axon
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:02:54,280 --> 00:02:58,760
139
+ ู‡ุฐุง nerve ุงูƒุชุฑ ู…ู† ู†ูŠุฑุจ ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุงู†ูˆุงุนู‡ู… multi
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:02:58,760 --> 00:03:02,780
143
+ neurons ุชู…ุงู…
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:02,780 --> 00:03:09,360
147
+ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ูˆุนู‡ุฐุง ุงูƒุณู† ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุฏูŠู†ุฏุฑูŠุชุฒ ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุฑุชุจุงู„
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:09,360 --> 00:03:12,980
151
+ ุฏูŠู†ุฏุฑูŠุชุฒ
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:12,980 --> 00:03:16,760
155
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุชุจุนุช ุงู„ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุงูˆ ุงู„ ู†ูŠุฑูˆ ูุงูŠุจุฑุฒ ููŠู‡
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:16,760 --> 00:03:24,540
159
+ ุฑูŠุณูŠุจุชุฑุฒ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุฑูŠุณูŠุจุชุฑุฒ ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง beginning of the
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:24,540 --> 00:03:33,640
163
+ sensory neuron what's the function of sensory
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:33,640 --> 00:03:41,250
167
+ receptorsุฃูˆู„ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ู„ู‡ Detectors They detect energy
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:41,250 --> 00:03:45,830
171
+ ุฃูˆ stimulus change in both external and internal
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:03:45,830 --> 00:03:49,690
175
+ environment ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู† ู‡ูŠ ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠ ุชุนู…ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ detection
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:03:49,690 --> 00:03:56,630
179
+ ุจุชุญุฏุฏ ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ energy ูˆ ุฅูŠุด ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ energy ุซู…ุงู†ูŠ
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:03:56,630 --> 00:04:04,390
183
+ Transducerุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ transform the stimulus into action
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:04,390 --> 00:04:10,110
187
+ potential ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุญูˆูŠู„ ุงู„ stimulus ู„ action
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:10,110 --> 00:04:16,050
191
+ potentialุซู„ุงุซุฉ generator ูŠุนู…ู„ generation of nerve
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:16,050 --> 00:04:20,290
195
+ impulses in sensory nerve ูˆุจุชุนู…ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ generation
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:20,290 --> 00:04:24,390
199
+ ุจุชุฏุฎู„ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ู† node of renvier ู„ node of renvier
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:24,390 --> 00:04:27,970
203
+ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ passive transmission ูˆุจุณุงุนุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุชุฑุงู†ุณู…ูŠุดู†
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:27,970 --> 00:04:34,110
207
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ myelin sheath myelin sheath ุฃุฑุจุน they
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:04:34,110 --> 00:04:39,320
211
+ inform the CNSabout different sensations or
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:04:39,320 --> 00:04:43,080
215
+ changes occurring inside and outside the body
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:04:43,080 --> 00:04:48,040
219
+ ูˆูƒู…ุงู† ุจุชุฎุจุฑ ุงู„ู€CNS ุนู† ุงู„ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ sensation
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:04:48,040 --> 00:04:54,740
223
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุญุฏุซ ููŠ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ุฃูˆ ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุงู„ุฌุณู… receptor
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:04:54,740 --> 00:05:01,140
227
+ potential receptor potential ู‡ูŠ
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:05:01,140 --> 00:05:04,700
231
+ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุญูˆูŠู„
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:06,580 --> 00:05:12,060
235
+ ุงู„ุงุณุชูŠู…ูˆู„ุงุณ ุงูˆ ุงู„ energy ู„ action potential ูŠุจู‚ู‰
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:12,060 --> 00:05:15,840
239
+ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุญูˆูŠู„ ุงู„ุงุณุชูŠู…ูˆู„ุงุณ ุงูˆ ุงู„ energy ู„ action
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:15,840 --> 00:05:26,540
243
+ potential ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง receptor potential ู‡ูŠ ุงู† ู†ู‡ุงูŠุชู‡
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:26,540 --> 00:05:31,620
247
+ ู‡ุฐุง
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:31,620 --> 00:05:32,620
251
+ ุงู†ุง ุจุฑุณู… ุงู„ axon
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:05:40,520 --> 00:05:48,620
255
+ ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ุญู„ู„ ุงู„ axon ุงู„ู‡ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุชู‡ ุจุชูƒูˆู† nonmyelinated
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:05:48,620 --> 00:06:05,280
259
+ ู‚ุนุฏูŠู† ุจูŠุฌูŠ ู†ู…ูŠู„ูŠู† ุดูŠุช ู‡ุฐุง
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:06:05,280 --> 00:06:11,310
263
+ ู†ู…ูŠู„ูŠู† ุดูŠุช ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน ุฅุดูุงู† cellsุงู†ุง ุจุฑุณู… ููŠู‡
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:06:11,310 --> 00:06:18,070
267
+ ูˆุฏู‡ ุงุดุงุฑุฉ ุงุชุฌุงู‡ูŠ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ signal ู‡ู„ุฃ ููŠ ุงู„ wrist ..
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:06:18,070 --> 00:06:25,630
271
+ ููŠ ุงู„ wrist without stimuli .. ุจุฏูˆู† stimuli ุงู„
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:25,630 --> 00:06:30,950
275
+ sensory nerve endings are in polarized state ูŠุนู†ูŠ
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:30,950 --> 00:06:34,650
279
+ ุงูŠุด in polarized stateุŸ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุงู„ ..
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:34,650 --> 00:06:38,340
283
+ ุงู„ receptors ุงู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุงู„ receptorsูˆ ุงู„
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:38,340 --> 00:06:44,920
287
+ terminal part ูˆ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ nerve ุจุชูƒูˆู† none ุงูˆ
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:06:44,920 --> 00:06:53,400
291
+ unmyelinated ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุงููŠุด ููŠู‡ุง myelin ุดูŠุท ุทูŠุจ if it
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:06:53,400 --> 00:06:57,340
295
+ is stimulated ุงุฐุง ุญุฏุซ ุงู„ stimulation ู‡ูŠ ูˆูŠู† ุฏูŠ
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:06:57,340 --> 00:07:02,240
299
+ ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ wrist ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ sodium ููŠ ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌ
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:07:07,630 --> 00:07:12,770
303
+ ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ููŠ ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:07:12,770 --> 00:07:16,190
307
+ polarized state polarized state ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชุณู…ูŠู‡ุง
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:07:16,190 --> 00:07:21,390
311
+ polarized state ุทูŠุจ ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ stimulation ุงูˆ partial
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:07:21,390 --> 00:07:25,110
315
+ stimulation ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุจุชุณู…ูŠู‡ุง partial
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:07:25,110 --> 00:07:31,310
319
+ depolarization partial depolarization ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุญุฏุซุŸ
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:31,310 --> 00:07:37,950
323
+ ุจูŠูุชุญูˆุง ุงู„ sodium channels ูˆุงู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ุจูŠุฏุฎู„ ูˆูŠู†ุŸููŠ
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:37,950 --> 00:07:42,750
327
+ ุงู„ cell receptors ุจุฏุฎู„ ุงู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ูˆูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ cell
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:07:42,750 --> 00:07:49,390
331
+ receptors ูˆ ุจุฒูŠุฏ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ููŠ ุงู„ intracellular
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:07:49,390 --> 00:07:53,710
335
+ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ receptors ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง partial
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:07:53,710 --> 00:08:01,810
339
+ depolarization ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:08:01,810 --> 00:08:07,480
343
+ ุฏุฎูˆู„ ุงู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู…ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ cell body ูˆ ุญุฏูˆุท ุงู„ partial
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:08:07,480 --> 00:08:11,100
347
+ depolarization ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง receptor
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:08:11,100 --> 00:08:14,800
351
+ potential receptor potential ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ receptor
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:08:14,800 --> 00:08:18,320
355
+ potential ุงุญู†ุง ุญูˆู„ู†ุง ุงู„ energy ุงูˆ ุงู„ stimulus ู„
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:08:18,320 --> 00:08:24,040
359
+ receptor potential ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ receptor potential
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:08:24,040 --> 00:08:31,260
363
+ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุฑุงุญ ุชุตู„ ู„ู„ nerve passively ูˆุชุชูˆุตู„ ู…ู† ู†ู‡ุถ
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:08:31,260 --> 00:08:35,370
367
+ overrun ููŠู‡ุงู„ู€ Node of Runway ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู‚ูุฒ ูŠุชู… ูˆ
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:08:35,370 --> 00:08:40,110
371
+ ุชูˆุตูŠู„ ู„ู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุณุงุนุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:08:40,110 --> 00:08:45,290
375
+ Myelin Shear The receptor potential is passively
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:08:45,290 --> 00:08:51,710
379
+ conducted to the first overrun vein causing deep
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:08:51,710 --> 00:08:54,850
383
+ depolarization ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ู„ู…ุง ูŠุญุฏุซ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู‚ูุฒ ู‡ู†ุง
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:08:54,850 --> 00:08:58,950
387
+ passive ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง deep depolarization
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:08:58,950 --> 00:09:02,810
391
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู†ุทู„ุน ุจุงุฎุชุตุงุฑููŠ ุงู„ rest ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:09:02,810 --> 00:09:06,010
395
+ polarization ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ polarized state ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:09:06,010 --> 00:09:09,270
399
+ ุงู„ุณูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุงูŠุดุŸ ุงู„ receptor cells ุญุฏุซ
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:09:09,270 --> 00:09:13,090
403
+ stimulation ุจูŠูุชุญูˆุง ุงู„ sodium channels ูˆุงู„ุณูˆุฏูŠูˆู…
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:09:13,090 --> 00:09:17,110
407
+ ุจูŠููˆุช ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ cell receptorsู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:09:17,110 --> 00:09:23,710
411
+ Receptor Potential ุฃูˆ Partial Depolarization ุจุนุฏ
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:09:23,710 --> 00:09:27,850
415
+ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุจุชุฑูˆุญ ู„ู„ first node of Run Verb Passively
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:09:27,850 --> 00:09:30,410
419
+ ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู‚ูุฒ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ Myelin Sheath
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:09:30,410 --> 00:09:35,070
423
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑุฉ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง Deep Depolarization
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:09:35,070 --> 00:09:40,290
427
+ Deep Depolarization Adaptation of Receptors
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:09:42,410 --> 00:09:46,470
431
+ this is decline in the frequency of discharge of
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:09:46,470 --> 00:09:51,030
435
+ action potential from receptor that occurs on
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:09:51,030 --> 00:09:55,630
439
+ maintained stimulation by stimuli of a constant
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:09:55,630 --> 00:10:02,490
443
+ strength ู…ุซู„ู‹ุง ุงุดุชุฑูŠู†ุง ุฃุทูˆุฑ ุฑูŠุญ ุญู„ูˆุฉ ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ุฏูุนู†ุง
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:10:02,490 --> 00:10:07,070
447
+ 200-300 ุดูƒู„ ูˆุงุดุชุฑูŠู†ุงู‡ุง ุญุทูŠู†ุง ุฃูˆู„ ูŠูˆู… ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุฑูŠุญุชู‡ุง
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:10:07,070 --> 00:10:11,350
451
+ ุญู„ูˆุฉ ูˆู…ุงุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ุซุงู†ูŠ ูŠูˆู… ุซุงู„ุซ ูŠูˆู… ุจุทู„ู†ุง ู†ุดูู‰ ู…ู†
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:10:11,350 --> 00:10:13,870
455
+ ุงู„ุฑูŠุญุฉ ุงุญู†ุงุŒ ุจู…ุง ุงู†ู‡ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ูƒูŠู…ูŠุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุงู†ุง ุญุงุทุทู‡ุง
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:10:13,870 --> 00:10:16,670
459
+ ุงูˆู„ ูŠูˆู… ูˆ ู…ู† ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจู‡ุงุŒ ู„ูƒู† ุงู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ ุตุงุฑ ุนู†ุฏู‰
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:10:16,670 --> 00:10:22,350
463
+ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชูƒูŠูŠู ู…ุนุงู‡ุง adaptationุŒ ุจู†ู…ุฑ ู…ู† ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ูˆุงุฏูŠุŒ
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:10:22,350 --> 00:10:24,750
467
+ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุงูŠู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูƒูŠู ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ุนุงูŠุดูŠู† ู‡ู†ุง ุฌุงู†ุจ
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:10:24,750 --> 00:10:28,360
471
+ ุงู„ูˆุงุฏูŠ ุจุงู„ุฑูŠุญุฉุŸูˆู„ุง ุญุงุฌุฉ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุตุงุฑูˆุง ู…ู‚ุนุฏู†ูŠุฉ
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:10:28,360 --> 00:10:32,000
475
+ adaptation ู„ู„ smell receptors ุจุทู„ูˆุง ูŠุดู…ูˆุง ุงู„ุฑูŠุญุฉ
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:10:32,000 --> 00:10:34,880
479
+ ู„ูƒู† ุงุญู†ุง ุงูˆู„ ู…ุง ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู†ุดู…ู‡ุง ุตุฏู‚ู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ู‚ุนุฏู†ุง ู…ุนู‡ู…
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:10:34,880 --> 00:10:38,220
483
+ ุณุงุนุฉ ุณุงุนุชูŠู† ุฑุงุญ ู†ุจุทู„ ู†ุดู… ุงู„ุฑูŠุญุฉ ูƒู…ุงู† ุฒูŠู‡ู… ุตุงุฑ
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:10:38,220 --> 00:10:41,860
487
+ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงูŠุด adaptation ุทุจ ู„ูŠุด ุตุงุฑ adaptationุŸ ุงูŠุด
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:10:41,860 --> 00:10:46,720
491
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญุฏุซุŸ ุงุญู†ุง ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุงู„ stimulus ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู‡ูˆ ุงู…ุง
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:10:46,720 --> 00:10:49,280
495
+ ุงู„ุฑูŠุญุฉ ูƒูˆูŠุณุฉ ุงูˆ ุงู„ุฑูŠุญุฉ ูƒุฑูŠู‡ุฉ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู‡ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฑูŠุญุฉ
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:10:49,280 --> 00:10:54,660
499
+ ู…ุงุชุบูŠุฑุชุด ุจู†ูุณ ุงู„ู‚ูˆุฉ ู„ูƒู† ุงู†ุง ุงุณุชู‚ุจุงู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ุง ุฎู ุงุญุณุงุณูŠ
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:10:54,660 --> 00:11:00,670
503
+ ู„ู‡ุง ุฎูุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุฅู†ู‡ ุงู„ sodium ุฏุฎู„ ู„ูˆูŠู†
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:11:00,670 --> 00:11:07,650
507
+ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุฏูŠ ุจุนุฏ ูุชุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฒู…ู† ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:11:07,650 --> 00:11:11,650
511
+ ุฅุฑู‡ุงู‚ ูˆุชุนุจ ู„ู„ sodium channels ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ closureุŒ
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:11:11,650 --> 00:11:15,730
515
+ ุจูŠุณูƒุฑุŒ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุบู„ุงู‚ ู„ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ sodium channel ุจุชุจุทู„
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:11:15,730 --> 00:11:19,530
519
+ ุชููˆุช ุงู„ sodium ูˆูŠู†ุŸ IntracellularุŒ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:11:19,530 --> 00:11:26,060
523
+ ุจูŠู‚ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุฅูŠุดุŸุงู„ potential receptor potential ุจู‚ู„
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:11:26,060 --> 00:11:31,740
527
+ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ discharge of impulse ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:11:31,740 --> 00:11:35,160
531
+ receptor potential ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ adaptation
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:11:35,160 --> 00:11:40,580
535
+ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูƒูŠูŠู ุงูˆ adaptation ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ pure
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:11:40,580 --> 00:11:43,720
539
+ physiology ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ pure physiology ูˆุงุณุจูˆุน
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:11:43,720 --> 00:11:47,940
543
+ ุงู„ุฌุงูŠ ุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู… physiology classification of the
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:11:47,940 --> 00:11:55,460
547
+ receptors ุงูŠุด ุงู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ receptorsุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠ ุจู†ุฌุณู… ุงู„ู€
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:11:55,460 --> 00:12:02,760
551
+ Receptors according to site of receptor ุญุณุจ ู…ูƒุงู†
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:12:02,760 --> 00:12:10,260
555
+ ุงู„ู€ Receptors ุงุซู†ูŠู† according to site of stimulus
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:12:10,260 --> 00:12:17,070
559
+ ุญุณุจ ู…ูƒุงู† ุงู„ stimulusุซู„ุงุซุฉ according to specificity
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:12:17,070 --> 00:12:20,750
563
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ physiological classification it is
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:12:20,750 --> 00:12:24,050
567
+ more common a classification ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ physiological
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:12:24,050 --> 00:12:31,370
571
+ classification ูˆุงุญุฏ ุญุณุจ ุงู„ site of receptors ุญุณุจ
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:12:31,370 --> 00:12:37,330
575
+ ู…ูƒุงู† ุงู„ receptor ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ุงุช ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… ูˆุงุญุฏ
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:12:37,330 --> 00:12:43,190
579
+ somatic receptorsุงุซู†ูŠู† special receptors ุซู„ุงุซุฉ
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:12:43,190 --> 00:12:47,450
583
+ visceral receptors ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุญุณุจ ู…ูƒุงู† ุงู„ receptors
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:12:47,450 --> 00:12:53,830
587
+ ูŠู†ู‚ุณู…ู‡ ู„ุซู„ุงุซ ุฃู†ูˆุงุน somatic receptors visceral
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:12:53,830 --> 00:12:59,430
591
+ receptors ูˆ special receptors ุชู„ุช ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุทูŠุจ ุฅูŠุด
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:12:59,430 --> 00:13:03,810
595
+ ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ somatic receptors ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุฌุงูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:13:03,810 --> 00:13:09,790
599
+ skinุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง cotaneous receptors cotaneous
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:13:09,790 --> 00:13:15,330
603
+ receptors ูŠุนู†ูŠ for pain for temperature we touch
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:13:15,330 --> 00:13:21,440
607
+ sensation ุฅุฐุง ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏูŠุจ structuresุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… deep
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:13:21,440 --> 00:13:25,520
611
+ receptors ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ muscleุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„ tendonsุŒ ุงู„
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:13:25,520 --> 00:13:29,820
615
+ ligamentุŒ ุงู„ joint ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃู†ุง ุฌุณู…ุชู„ูƒูˆุง somatic
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:13:29,820 --> 00:13:34,780
619
+ receptors ุฏู‡ ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ุฅู…ุง ุฌุงูŠ receptors ุณุทุญูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌู„ุฏ
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:13:34,780 --> 00:13:39,040
623
+ cotaneous receptors ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ุฃู† painุŒ
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:13:39,040 --> 00:13:43,300
627
+ temperature ูˆ touch sensation ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุฃู„ู… ูˆ ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:13:43,300 --> 00:13:49,710
631
+ ูˆ ู„ู…ุณ ูˆุฅู…ุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ deep receptorsู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ู€
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:13:49,710 --> 00:13:53,150
635
+ muscles ูˆ ุงู„ู€ joints ูˆ ุงู„ู€ ligaments ูˆ ุงู„ู€ tendons
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:13:53,150 --> 00:13:57,450
639
+ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ bone ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ Deep Receptors ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฎู„ุตู†ุง
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:13:57,450 --> 00:14:02,310
643
+ ุฃูˆู„ ู†ูˆุน Somatic ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ Special Receptors
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:14:02,310 --> 00:14:07,410
647
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุจุงู„ู€ Special Sensation ุงู† ุดุงุก
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:14:07,410 --> 00:14:13,530
651
+ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุณุชุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ ุฒูŠ ุงูŠู‡ Vision Visual
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:14:13,530 --> 00:14:21,390
655
+ ReceptorsููŠ ุงู„ุดุจุงูƒุงุช ุงู„ุนูŠู† cones and rods ู„ุงู„
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:14:21,390 --> 00:14:28,350
659
+ smell smell receptors ููŠ ุงู„ nasal cavity ู„ุงู„
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:14:28,350 --> 00:14:36,870
663
+ hearing ููŠ ุงู„ูƒูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ููŠ hearing receptors okay ูƒู„
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:14:36,870 --> 00:14:42,210
667
+ ู‡ุฐุง ู„ู„ tasteููŠ ุงู„ู€ tongue ููŠ ุงู„ู„ุณุงู† ููŠ taste buds
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:14:42,210 --> 00:14:47,390
671
+ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ taste receptors ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู„ู„ special
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:14:47,390 --> 00:14:52,510
675
+ sensation ูˆููŠ visceral receptors ู‡ุฐู‡ from the
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:14:52,510 --> 00:14:56,690
679
+ internal organ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ internal organ
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:14:57,210 --> 00:15:01,890
683
+ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุดุฑุจ ุณูˆุงุฆู„ ูƒุซูŠุฑุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€urine
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:15:01,890 --> 00:15:05,690
687
+ bladderุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู†ุฉุŸ ุชุชู…ุฏุฏุŒ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุชุฃุซูŠุฑุŒ ุจูŠุจู‚ูˆุง
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:15:05,690 --> 00:15:08,950
691
+ ูŠุนุทูˆุง ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู„ู€stretch receptors ุฃูˆ ู„ู„ pain
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:15:08,950 --> 00:15:13,430
695
+ receptors ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉุŒ ุชุตู„ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู„ู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ุฅู†ู‡ ุงู„ุชู…ุซุงู†ุฉ
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:15:13,430 --> 00:15:18,130
699
+ ุตุงุฑุช fullุŒ ุจู„ุฒู… ุชุฑูˆุญ ุงู„ุขู† ู„ุทูˆู„ูŠุฉุŒ ุชุณุฑู‚ู‡ุงุŒ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:15:18,130 --> 00:15:24,010
703
+ ุงู„ receptors ุงุณู…ู‡ ุฅูŠุดุŸ Internal receptors ุฃูˆ
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:15:24,010 --> 00:15:30,630
707
+ visceral receptorsูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃุดุฑุญู†ุง ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠุก according to
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:15:30,630 --> 00:15:36,910
711
+ the site of receptors ุงู„ุขู† ุจู†ุชูƒู„ู… according to
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:15:36,910 --> 00:15:44,410
715
+ site of stimulus ุญุณุจ ุงู„ stimulus ูˆูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุฃูˆ ู…ู†
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:15:44,410 --> 00:15:49,270
719
+ ูˆูŠู† ุฌุงู‰ Extraceptors ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ stimulus ุฌุงู‰ ู…ู†
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:15:49,270 --> 00:15:55,550
723
+ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌุฃูˆ Intraceptors ุงุณุชูŠู…ูˆู„ุงุณ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู†
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:15:55,550 --> 00:15:59,190
727
+ ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุงุณุชูŠู…ูˆู„ุงุณ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌ
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:15:59,190 --> 00:16:02,510
731
+ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ุงู„ Receptors ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฑุงุญูˆุง ูŠุณุชู‚ุจู„ูˆู‡ ุงุณู…ู‡ู…
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:16:02,510 --> 00:16:07,230
735
+ Extraceptors ูˆุฏู‡
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:16:07,230 --> 00:16:16,670
739
+ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ุงุณู…ู‡ู… Intraceptors ู…ุซุงู„ ุนู„ู‰
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:16:16,670 --> 00:16:18,830
743
+ Extraceptors
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:16:19,710 --> 00:16:23,130
747
+ cotaneous receptors ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅูŠุด cotaneous receptors
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:16:23,130 --> 00:16:28,530
751
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงูŠูŠู† ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌู„ุฏ ู…ุซู„ pain temperature
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:16:28,530 --> 00:16:34,010
755
+ touch receptors teleceptors
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:16:34,010 --> 00:16:41,510
759
+ ุญู„ูˆุฉ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ teleceptors ู…ุฑ ุนู„ูŠูƒู… television ู…ุฑ ุนู„ูŠูƒู…
760
+
761
+ 191
762
+ 00:16:41,510 --> 00:16:48,150
763
+ telephoneู…ุฑ ุนู„ูŠูƒู… telegram ุงูŠุด ูƒู„ู…ุฉ tele ูŠุนู†ูŠ
764
+
765
+ 192
766
+ 00:16:48,150 --> 00:16:52,830
767
+ ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ุง distance receptors ุดูˆูุช ุงูŠุด ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ ุงู„ุชู„ูุฒูŠูˆู†
768
+
769
+ 193
770
+ 00:16:52,830 --> 00:17:00,310
771
+ television ู…ุดุงู‡ุฏุฉ ุนู† ุจุนุถ television ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ
772
+
773
+ 194
774
+ 00:17:00,310 --> 00:17:04,730
775
+ receptors ูˆ vision television ุณู…ู†ู‡ุง television
776
+
777
+ 195
778
+ 00:17:04,730 --> 00:17:11,420
779
+ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุดุงู‡ุฏุฉ ุนู† ุจุนุถdistance phone ุณู…ุงุก ุนู† ุจุนุถ
780
+
781
+ 196
782
+ 00:17:11,420 --> 00:17:16,220
783
+ telephone telephone ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุณู…ุงุก ุนู† ุจุนุถ telegram
784
+
785
+ 197
786
+ 00:17:16,220 --> 00:17:22,640
787
+ ูƒุชุงุจุฉ ุนู† ุจุนุถ tele distance gram okay ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ
788
+
789
+ 198
790
+ 00:17:22,640 --> 00:17:27,800
791
+ teleceptors ู…ู‚ุตูˆุฏ ููŠู‡ุง ุนู† ุจุนุถ ุงูˆ distance
792
+
793
+ 199
794
+ 00:17:27,800 --> 00:17:34,060
795
+ receptors ุงูˆ distance receptors ู…ุซู„ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„
796
+
797
+ 200
798
+ 00:17:34,060 --> 00:17:37,360
799
+ receptors ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ vision ูˆ ุงู„ hearing ูˆ ุงุณู… ุงู„ ..
800
+
801
+ 201
802
+ 00:17:37,360 --> 00:17:43,300
803
+ ุงู†ุง ุจุดู… ุนู† ุจุนุฏ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ teleceptors ุจุณู…ุน ุนู† ุจุนุฏ
804
+
805
+ 202
806
+ 00:17:43,300 --> 00:17:51,710
807
+ teleceptors ุจุดุงู‡ุฏ ุนู† ุจุนุฏ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู…ุด ู„ุงุฒู… ุงู„ุดูŠุก ูŠู„ู…ุณุทุจ
808
+
809
+ 203
810
+ 00:17:51,710 --> 00:17:54,710
811
+ ุงู„ุชุฐูˆู‚ ุจู‚ุฏุฑ ุงู‚ูˆู„ ุชุฐูˆู‚ teleceptors ู„ุฃ ูƒูŠู ุจุฏูŠ
812
+
813
+ 204
814
+ 00:17:54,710 --> 00:17:57,930
815
+ ุฃุชุฐูˆู‚ู‡ุŸ ุฅูŠุด ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุญุท ู‚ุทุนุฉ ูƒู†ุงูุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุทุงูˆู„ุฉ ูˆ ุฃู‚ูˆู„
816
+
817
+ 205
818
+ 00:17:57,930 --> 00:18:00,630
819
+ ู„ุฌู…ุงุนุฉ ูŠุฎู„ู ุนู„ูŠูƒูˆุง ุฒุงูƒูŠุฉ ูˆ ุญู„ูˆุฉุŸ ุทุจ ู„ุงุฒู… ุฃุฏูˆูƒู‡ุง
820
+
821
+ 206
822
+ 00:18:00,630 --> 00:18:04,330
823
+ ุฃุญุทู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ receptors ุนุดุงู† ุฃุฏูˆูƒู‡ุง ุจู†ูุนุŸ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง
824
+
825
+ 207
826
+ 00:18:04,330 --> 00:18:09,490
827
+ ุงู„ teleceptors ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ interceptors ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„
828
+
829
+ 208
830
+ 00:18:09,490 --> 00:18:14,850
831
+ stimulus ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ู…ุซู„ ุงู„
832
+
833
+ 209
834
+ 00:18:14,850 --> 00:18:18,430
835
+ proprioceptors ุงู„ proprioceptors ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ูˆูŠู†
836
+
837
+ 210
838
+ 00:18:18,430 --> 00:18:22,910
839
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ boneููŠ ุงู„ muscle ููŠ ุงู„ tendon ููŠ ุงู„
840
+
841
+ 211
842
+ 00:18:22,910 --> 00:18:27,850
843
+ joint ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ุงูŠุด ุนู† ุงู„ deep sensation ูŠุจู‚ูˆุง ุงู†
844
+
845
+ 212
846
+ 00:18:27,850 --> 00:18:31,490
847
+ ุงุฐุง ุงุฌู‰ sensation ู„ู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู…ู† ุงู„ joint ู…ู† ุงู„ muscle
848
+
849
+ 213
850
+ 00:18:31,490 --> 00:18:35,470
851
+ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุนู…ู„ irritation ู„ ุงู„ deep receptors deep
852
+
853
+ 214
854
+ 00:18:35,470 --> 00:18:39,230
855
+ receptors ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… proprioceptors ุงู‡
856
+
857
+ 215
858
+ 00:18:39,230 --> 00:18:45,230
859
+ proprioception ุงุซู†ูŠู† visceroceptors ู…ู† ุงุณู…ู‡
860
+
861
+ 216
862
+ 00:18:45,230 --> 00:18:49,530
863
+ viscero ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ู‡ุงุฏู‰ ู…ู† ุงู„ internal organ ู…ุซู„
864
+
865
+ 217
866
+ 00:18:49,530 --> 00:18:54,550
867
+ ุงู„ chemoreceptorsVisceral stretch receptors for
868
+
869
+ 218
870
+ 00:18:54,550 --> 00:19:00,770
871
+ visceral pain ู…ุซู„
872
+
873
+ 219
874
+ 00:19:00,770 --> 00:19:06,160
875
+ ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู†ุฏู‡Golgi Bladder stone ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุญุตูˆุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุฑุฉ
876
+
877
+ 220
878
+ 00:19:06,160 --> 00:19:12,020
879
+ ุจุดุนุฑ ุจู…ุบุต ูˆุจู‚ู„ู… ุตุญุŸ ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุตูˆุฉ ุนู…ู„ุช
880
+
881
+ 221
882
+ 00:19:12,020 --> 00:19:15,360
883
+ irritation ูˆุนู…ู„ุช ุชู‡ูŠุฌ ู„ู„ visceral receptors
884
+
885
+ 222
886
+ 00:19:15,360 --> 00:19:19,200
887
+ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ Golgi Bladder ูˆุจุญุฏุซ ุจู‚ู„ู… ูˆ ุณุจุจ
888
+
889
+ 223
890
+ 00:19:19,200 --> 00:19:22,940
891
+ ุงู„ู‚ู„ู… ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู…ูŠู† ุดุนุฑ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู‚ู„ู… ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ receptors ูˆูŠู†
892
+
893
+ 224
894
+ 00:19:22,940 --> 00:19:25,380
895
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ receptors ููŠ ุงู„ wall of the Golgi Bladder
896
+
897
+ 225
898
+ 00:19:25,380 --> 00:19:30,540
899
+ ููŠ ุฌุฏุงุฑ ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุฑุฉุทุจ ู…ูŠู† ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠุฌู‡ุงุŸ
900
+
901
+ 226
902
+ 00:19:30,540 --> 00:19:36,420
903
+ ุงู„ุญุตุจุฉ ู†ูุณู‡ุง ุนู…ู„ ู‚ู„ู…ุŒ ุญุฏุซ ู‚ู„ู… ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง Hypothalamic
904
+
905
+ 227
906
+ 00:19:36,420 --> 00:19:42,020
907
+ Receptors ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ู€Gluco ReceptorsุŒ Osmo Receptors
908
+
909
+ 228
910
+ 00:19:42,020 --> 00:19:46,300
911
+ ูˆHypothalamic Thermal ReceptorsุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ
912
+
913
+ 229
914
+ 00:19:46,300 --> 00:19:50,380
915
+ ุงู„ู€HypothalamusุŒ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ู†ุง ุดุฑุญู†ุง ุชู‚ุณูŠู… ุงู„ู€Receptors
916
+
917
+ 230
918
+ 00:19:50,380 --> 00:19:55,530
919
+ ุญุณุจ site of Receptorsุฃุซู†ูŠู† ู‚ุณู…ู†ุงู‡ู… ุญุณุจ ุงู„ site of
920
+
921
+ 231
922
+ 00:19:55,530 --> 00:20:00,490
923
+ stimulusุŒ ุงู„ุขู† ุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ receptors as
924
+
925
+ 232
926
+ 00:20:00,490 --> 00:20:04,850
927
+ physiological classification according to
928
+
929
+ 233
930
+ 00:20:04,850 --> 00:20:10,370
931
+ specificityุŒ ุญุณุจ ุงู„ู†ูˆุนุŒ ุญุณุจ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ู†ูˆุนุŒ ุฃูˆู„ ู†ูˆุน
932
+
933
+ 234
934
+ 00:20:10,370 --> 00:20:16,150
935
+ mechanical receptorsุŒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ mechanical
936
+
937
+ 235
938
+ 00:20:16,150 --> 00:20:22,550
939
+ form of energyู„ู…ุณ ุฃู„ู… ูƒุฏู‡ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ temperature
940
+
941
+ 236
942
+ 00:20:22,550 --> 00:20:28,910
943
+ touch ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุงูŠู‡ ู…ูŠูƒุงู†ูˆ ูƒูŠู…ูˆ ุฑูŠุณุจุชุฑ ูƒูŠู…ูˆ ุฑูŠุณุจุชุฑ
944
+
945
+ 237
946
+ 00:20:29,750 --> 00:20:33,210
947
+ detect change in concentration of certain
948
+
949
+ 238
950
+ 00:20:33,210 --> 00:20:36,290
951
+ chemicals ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„chemical
952
+
953
+ 239
954
+ 00:20:36,290 --> 00:20:42,370
955
+ substance ุดูŠ ุญุงู…ุถ ุดูŠ ู…ุงู„ุญ ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง nociceptors ุงู„ู„ูŠ
956
+
957
+ 240
958
+ 00:20:42,370 --> 00:20:46,490
959
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ุฃู„ู… ู‡ุฐูˆู„ three nerve endings responding
960
+
961
+ 241
962
+ 00:20:46,490 --> 00:20:52,270
963
+ to pain sensation thermoreceptors ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ
964
+
965
+ 242
966
+ 00:20:52,270 --> 00:20:58,320
967
+ ุจุงู„ temperatureูˆ photoreceptors ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุนู„ู‚ู‡ ุจูŠุด ุจุงู„
968
+
969
+ 243
970
+ 00:20:58,320 --> 00:21:01,000
971
+ vision ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุงุฏ ุงู„ุชู‚ุณูŠู…ุฉ ููŠ physiological
972
+
973
+ 244
974
+ 00:21:01,000 --> 00:21:06,940
975
+ classification according to specificity ุญุณุจ ู†ูˆุน ุงู„
976
+
977
+ 245
978
+ 00:21:06,940 --> 00:21:11,060
979
+ receptors ููŠ mechanical receptors ูƒูŠู…ูˆ ุฑูŠุณุจุชุฑ
980
+
981
+ 246
982
+ 00:21:11,060 --> 00:21:18,360
983
+ ู†ูˆุณูŠุจุชุฑ ุซูŠุฑู…ูˆ ุฑูŠุณุจุชุฑ ูˆ photoreceptors ู„ุงู† ุงู†ุชุฌู„
984
+
985
+ 247
986
+ 00:21:18,360 --> 00:21:25,950
987
+ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ synapse ุงูŠุด ู‡ูˆ synapseIt is a region at
988
+
989
+ 248
990
+ 00:21:25,950 --> 00:21:30,390
991
+ which a neuron communicates with its target cell
992
+
993
+ 249
994
+ 00:21:30,390 --> 00:21:36,630
995
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† a region ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ููŠู‡ ู†ูุณ ุงู„
996
+
997
+ 250
998
+ 00:21:36,630 --> 00:21:39,410
999
+ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ communication ู…ุน ุงู„ target cell
1000
+
1001
+ 251
1002
+ 00:21:39,410 --> 00:21:46,830
1003
+ function of synapse is a transfer electric
1004
+
1005
+ 252
1006
+ 00:21:46,830 --> 00:21:51,640
1007
+ activity information from one cell to anotherto
1008
+
1009
+ 253
1010
+ 00:21:51,640 --> 00:21:55,660
1011
+ another ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุจูˆุตู„ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ู† one cell ู„ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ู„
1012
+
1013
+ 254
1014
+ 00:21:55,660 --> 00:22:01,260
1015
+ another cell ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ synapse the transfer can be
1016
+
1017
+ 255
1018
+ 00:22:01,260 --> 00:22:05,000
1019
+ from nerve to nerve ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุชูˆุตูŠู„ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ู†
1020
+
1021
+ 256
1022
+ 00:22:05,000 --> 00:22:10,580
1023
+ nerve ู„ nerve first order ู„ second order ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุณู…ูŠ
1024
+
1025
+ 257
1026
+ 00:22:10,580 --> 00:22:11,760
1027
+ neural
1028
+
1029
+ 258
1030
+ 00:22:13,870 --> 00:22:17,130
1031
+ type ุงู„ู€ neuroneural type ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงูŠุด ู…ู‚ุตูˆุฏ ุจูŠู†
1032
+
1033
+ 259
1034
+ 00:22:17,130 --> 00:22:21,350
1035
+ neuroneural type ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ synapse ุจูŠู† two neurons
1036
+
1037
+ 260
1038
+ 00:22:21,350 --> 00:22:26,590
1039
+ ุจูŠู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ two neurons ู‡ุฐุง ุจุณู…ูŠู‡ neuroneural type ุงูˆ
1040
+
1041
+ 261
1042
+ 00:22:26,590 --> 00:22:33,870
1043
+ ุจูŠู† nerve ูˆ muscle ุจุณู…ูŠู‡ neuromuscular type ูŠู…ูƒู†
1044
+
1045
+ 262
1046
+ 00:22:33,870 --> 00:22:37,310
1047
+ ููŠู‡ neuromuscular type ุงูˆ ุจุณู…ูŠู‡ neuromuscular
1048
+
1049
+ 263
1050
+ 00:22:37,310 --> 00:22:41,290
1051
+ junction ูˆููŠู‡ neuroneural type ู„ุฃู† neuroneural
1052
+
1053
+ 264
1054
+ 00:22:41,290 --> 00:22:48,800
1055
+ type ุจูŠู† two neuronsุงู„ู†ูŠุฑูˆ ู‡ูˆ ู†ูˆุน ุนุถูˆ ุจูŠู† ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุฃูˆ
1056
+
1057
+ 265
1058
+ 00:22:48,800 --> 00:22:54,580
1059
+ nerve ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน muscle fibers ุงู„ุจุฑูŠุณู†ุงุจุชูƒ
1060
+
1061
+ 266
1062
+ 00:22:54,580 --> 00:22:58,960
1063
+ ุงู„ูˆุฒูŠูƒุงู„ ูŠุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูŠุฑูˆ ุชุฑุงู†ุณู…ูŠุชุงุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฑูŠุณู†ุงุจุชูƒ
1064
+
1065
+ 267
1066
+ 00:22:58,960 --> 00:23:05,040
1067
+ ุงู„ูˆุฒูŠูƒุงู„ ููŠู‡ู… ู†ูŠุฑูˆ ุชุฑุงู†ุณู…ูŠุชุงุฑ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง
1068
+
1069
+ 268
1070
+ 00:23:05,040 --> 00:23:11,440
1071
+ ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง stimulation ุงูˆ ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง ุงู†ู‡ูŠุจุดู† ู„ุจูˆุณุชุณูŠู†ุงุจุชูƒ
1072
+
1073
+ 269
1074
+ 00:23:11,440 --> 00:23:15,180
1075
+ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฑูŠุณู†ุงุจุชูƒphysical ููŠู‡ู…
1076
+
1077
+ 270
1078
+ 00:23:15,180 --> 00:23:18,460
1079
+ neurotransmitters ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ neurotransmitters ุงู…ุง
1080
+
1081
+ 271
1082
+ 00:23:18,460 --> 00:23:22,460
1083
+ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… ุจุชูƒูˆู† stimulatory ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง stimulation ุงูˆ
1084
+
1085
+ 272
1086
+ 00:23:22,460 --> 00:23:26,700
1087
+ inhibitory ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง inhibition ู„ู„ post synaptic
1088
+
1089
+ 273
1090
+ 00:23:26,700 --> 00:23:32,120
1091
+ neuron structure of the synapse ู…ู† ุงูŠุด ุจุชูƒูˆู†
1092
+
1093
+ 274
1094
+ 00:23:32,120 --> 00:23:40,440
1095
+ ุงู„ุณูŠู†ุงุจุณุŸ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุซู„ุงุซ ุฃุฌุฒุงุก axon terminal ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ
1096
+
1097
+ 275
1098
+ 00:23:40,440 --> 00:23:43,000
1099
+ ุงู„ axon ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠ ุงู„ pre synaptic neuron
1100
+
1101
+ 276
1102
+ 00:23:44,860 --> 00:23:49,340
1103
+ Synaptic cleft ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† space between pre
1104
+
1105
+ 277
1106
+ 00:23:49,340 --> 00:23:53,900
1107
+ -synaptic and post-synaptic ูˆุงู„ู…ู…ุจุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู† ู†ูŠุฑูˆู†
1108
+
1109
+ 278
1110
+ 00:23:53,900 --> 00:23:57,440
1111
+ post-synaptic ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฌุฒุก pre-synaptic ู†ูŠุฑูˆู†
1112
+
1113
+ 279
1114
+ 00:23:57,440 --> 00:24:02,640
1115
+ ูˆุฌุฒุก post-synaptic ูˆุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ููŠู‡ cleft ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง
1116
+
1117
+ 280
1118
+ 00:24:02,640 --> 00:24:09,280
1119
+ synaptic cleft ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ axonal
1120
+
1121
+ 281
1122
+ 00:24:09,280 --> 00:24:16,500
1123
+ terminal ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ pre-synapticู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ูˆู‡ุฐุง boss
1124
+
1125
+ 282
1126
+ 00:24:16,500 --> 00:24:20,160
1127
+ synaptic ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฏูŠู† ุฏุฑุงูŠุชุฒ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ูˆุงู„ู…ุณุงุญุฉ
1128
+
1129
+ 283
1130
+ 00:24:20,160 --> 00:24:25,070
1131
+ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุงูŠู‡Synaptic Clift Synaptic Clift
1132
+
1133
+ 284
1134
+ 00:24:25,070 --> 00:24:28,910
1135
+ ูˆุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ู€ Pre-Synaptic ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ู… ุงู„ู€
1136
+
1137
+ 285
1138
+ 00:24:28,910 --> 00:24:32,750
1139
+ neurotransmitters ุงู„ู€ neurotransmitters ู‡ู„ุฃ ุงู„
1140
+
1141
+ 286
1142
+ 00:24:32,750 --> 00:24:35,790
1143
+ neurotransmitters ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุฅู…ุง ุฑุงุญ ูŠุคุฏูˆุง ุฅู„ู‰
1144
+
1145
+ 287
1146
+ 00:24:35,790 --> 00:24:40,590
1147
+ stimulation ู„ู„ู€ post-synaptic ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ูˆุฅู…ุง ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆู„ู‡ู…
1148
+
1149
+ 288
1150
+ 00:24:40,590 --> 00:24:45,430
1151
+ ุฅูŠุด Inhibition ู„ู„ู€ post-synaptic ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
1152
+
1153
+ 289
1154
+ 00:24:45,430 --> 00:24:51,200
1155
+ post-synapticpre-synaptic ูˆ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… a-synaptic cleft
1156
+
1157
+ 290
1158
+ 00:24:51,200 --> 00:24:54,300
1159
+ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ neurotransmitters ู‡ู†ุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ
1160
+
1161
+ 291
1162
+ 00:24:54,300 --> 00:24:58,640
1163
+ ุงู„ู€ pre-synaptic ุฅู…ุง ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆู„ู†ุง stimulation ุฃูˆ
1164
+
1165
+ 292
1166
+ 00:24:58,640 --> 00:25:03,680
1167
+ inhibition ู„ู„ู€ post-synaptic ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุงู„ู€ pre
1168
+
1169
+ 293
1170
+ 00:25:03,680 --> 00:25:08,480
1171
+ -synaptic ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ axonal terminal ูˆ ุงู„ post
1172
+
1173
+ 294
1174
+ 00:25:08,480 --> 00:25:17,640
1175
+ -synaptic ู‡ูˆ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏูŠู†ุฏุฑูŠุช ุงู„ ion channelsููŠ
1176
+
1177
+ 295
1178
+ 00:25:17,640 --> 00:25:22,500
1179
+ ูƒุงุชูŠูˆู† ูˆ ุฃู†ูŠูˆู†ุŒ ุงู„ูƒุงุชูŠูˆู† ู‡ู…ุง ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฃูŠู‡ุŸ ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู…
1180
+
1181
+ 296
1182
+ 00:25:22,500 --> 00:25:26,520
1183
+ ูˆุฃุญูŠุงู†ุง
1184
+
1185
+ 297
1186
+ 00:25:26,520 --> 00:25:32,060
1187
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุจุชุงุณูŠูˆู… ุฃูˆ ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู…ุŒ ุงู„ุฃู†ูŠูˆู† ูƒู„ูˆุฑุงูŠุฏุŒ
1188
+
1189
+ 298
1190
+ 00:25:32,060 --> 00:25:37,040
1191
+ transmitters that open sodium channels leads to
1192
+
1193
+ 299
1194
+ 00:25:37,040 --> 00:25:42,650
1195
+ excitationExcitation ุงูˆ Stimulation of both
1196
+
1197
+ 300
1198
+ 00:25:42,650 --> 00:25:46,470
1199
+ synaptic neurons ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ุชุฑุงู†ุณู…ูŠุชุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูุชุญูˆุง ุงู„
1200
+
1201
+ 301
1202
+ 00:25:46,470 --> 00:25:51,130
1203
+ sodium channels ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑูˆุง ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ Excitation ุงูˆ
1204
+
1205
+ 302
1206
+ 00:25:51,130 --> 00:25:57,530
1207
+ Stimulation of both synaptic neuronsูˆ ุงู„
1208
+
1209
+ 303
1210
+ 00:25:57,530 --> 00:26:04,590
1211
+ transmitters ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูุชุญูˆุง ุงู„ chloride channels
1212
+
1213
+ 304
1214
+ 00:26:04,590 --> 00:26:10,130
1215
+ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆู„ู†ุง ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ inhibition ู„ both synaptic neurons
1216
+
1217
+ 305
1218
+ 00:26:10,130 --> 00:26:13,870
1219
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุงุฎุชุตุงุฑู„ู„ู€ neurotransmitters ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ู†ูˆุนูŠู†
1220
+
1221
+ 306
1222
+ 00:26:13,870 --> 00:26:17,170
1223
+ ุจูŠูุชุญูˆุง ุงู„ sodium channels ูˆุจูŠุคุฏูˆุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุฅูŠู‡
1224
+
1225
+ 307
1226
+ 00:26:17,170 --> 00:26:20,150
1227
+ excitation and stimulation of both synaptic
1228
+
1229
+ 308
1230
+ 00:26:20,150 --> 00:26:24,390
1231
+ neurons ูˆู†ูˆุน ุจูŠูุชุญูˆู„ู†ุง ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ chloride
1232
+
1233
+ 309
1234
+ 00:26:24,390 --> 00:26:28,810
1235
+ channels ูˆุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆู„ู†ุง ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ inhibition ู„ both
1236
+
1237
+ 310
1238
+ 00:26:28,810 --> 00:26:37,390
1239
+ synaptic neurons ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ neurotransmitters ู…ู…ูƒู†
1240
+
1241
+ 311
1242
+ 00:26:37,390 --> 00:26:40,690
1243
+ ู†ู‚ุณู…ู‡ู… ุญุณุจ ุงู„ chemical structures ูˆุฅู…ุง ุญุณุจ ุงู„
1244
+
1245
+ 312
1246
+ 00:26:40,690 --> 00:26:44,120
1247
+ functionุญุณุจ ุงู„ chemical structures ููŠ
1248
+
1249
+ 313
1250
+ 00:26:44,120 --> 00:26:48,960
1251
+ Acetylcholine ูˆููŠ Amino Acid ู…ุซู„ Glutamate,
1252
+
1253
+ 314
1254
+ 00:26:49,600 --> 00:26:55,100
1255
+ Aspartate, Glycine, Gamma Amino Biotic Acid ููŠ
1256
+
1257
+ 315
1258
+ 00:26:55,100 --> 00:26:59,240
1259
+ Amine ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† Epinephrine, Norepinephrine,
1260
+
1261
+ 316
1262
+ 00:26:59,360 --> 00:27:04,620
1263
+ Serotonin ูˆููŠ Neuropeptide ู…ุซู„ Hydrophins ูˆ
1264
+
1265
+ 317
1266
+ 00:27:04,620 --> 00:27:08,220
1267
+ Enkephalins ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ brain ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„
1268
+
1269
+ 318
1270
+ 00:27:08,220 --> 00:27:14,850
1271
+ painุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุญุณุจ ุงู„ functions ุจู†ุฎุณู‘ู…ู‡ู… ุฅู„ู‰
1272
+
1273
+ 319
1274
+ 00:27:14,850 --> 00:27:20,470
1275
+ excitatory ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ glutamate ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุชูˆุฑูŠ ู…ุซู„
1276
+
1277
+ 320
1278
+ 00:27:20,470 --> 00:27:28,230
1279
+ ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุนุฉู…ูŠู†ูˆ ุจูŠูˆุฑูŠุชูƒ ุฃุณุฏ ุฌุงุจุง ุงู„ุงู†
1280
+
1281
+ 321
1282
+ 00:27:28,230 --> 00:27:35,930
1283
+ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ classification of somatic sensation ุงู„
1284
+
1285
+ 322
1286
+ 00:27:35,930 --> 00:27:41,140
1287
+ classification of somatic sensationุงู„ุงู† ุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู…
1288
+
1289
+ 323
1290
+ 00:27:41,140 --> 00:27:45,680
1291
+ ุนู„ู‰ somatic sensation only somatic sensation
1292
+
1293
+ 324
1294
+ 00:27:45,680 --> 00:27:48,880
1295
+ according to the site of sensation ุญุณุจ ุงู„ site of
1296
+
1297
+ 325
1298
+ 00:27:48,880 --> 00:27:53,120
1299
+ sensation superficial sensation ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ sensation
1300
+
1301
+ 326
1302
+ 00:27:53,120 --> 00:27:59,320
1303
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ skin ุฌุงูŠุฉ ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ pain ุงู„ุฃู„ู… touch ุงู„ู„ู…ุณ
1304
+
1305
+ 327
1306
+ 00:27:59,320 --> 00:28:04,820
1307
+ temperature ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉุฃูˆ deep sensation ู‡ู… ุงู„
1308
+
1309
+ 328
1310
+ 00:28:04,820 --> 00:28:10,140
1311
+ sensation from the muscles, tendons, joints,
1312
+
1313
+ 329
1314
+ 00:28:10,400 --> 00:28:15,040
1315
+ bones, ligaments ู‡ุชุชุนุชุจุฑ ุงูŠุดุŸ deep ุงู„ deep
1316
+
1317
+ 330
1318
+ 00:28:15,040 --> 00:28:19,240
1319
+ sensation ู„ู‡ ุฃู†ูˆุงุน proprioceptive sensation ู„ูŠู‡ a
1320
+
1321
+ 331
1322
+ 00:28:19,240 --> 00:28:23,500
1323
+ sense of position and sense of movement pressure
1324
+
1325
+ 332
1326
+ 00:28:23,500 --> 00:28:29,270
1327
+ sensation muscle tension sensemuscle senseุŒ
1328
+
1329
+ 333
1330
+ 00:28:29,270 --> 00:28:33,110
1331
+ vibration senseุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ vibration senseุŸ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠุจู†ุง
1332
+
1333
+ 334
1334
+ 00:28:33,110 --> 00:28:38,130
1335
+ ุฌูˆุงู„ ูˆ ุญุทูŠู†ุงู‡ ุฑุงู†ูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุทุงู†ูŠู† ูˆ ุญุทูŠู†ุงู‡ ุน ุฌุณู…ู†ุง
1336
+
1337
+ 335
1338
+ 00:28:38,130 --> 00:28:42,780
1339
+ ุจู†ุดุนุฑ ููŠู‡ุŸ ุจู†ุดุนุฑุŒ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠุจู†ุง ุดูˆูƒุฑ ุฑุงู†ุงู†ุฉุŸูˆ ุฅุถุฑุจู†ุงู‡ุง
1340
+
1341
+ 336
1342
+ 00:28:42,780 --> 00:28:45,300
1343
+ ุดูƒุฑุงู†ุง ูˆ ุญุทูŠู†ุงู‡ุง ุนุจูˆู† ุงู„ prominance ูˆ ุจู†ุดุนุฑ ููŠ ุงู„
1344
+
1345
+ 337
1346
+ 00:28:45,300 --> 00:28:48,420
1347
+ vibrationุŸ ุจู†ุดุนุฑ ู„ูˆ ุฑูˆุญู†ุง ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ุฃุณู†ุงู† ูˆ ูุญุฑ
1348
+
1349
+ 338
1350
+ 00:28:48,420 --> 00:28:51,360
1351
+ ุทุญูˆู†ุชู†ุง ุจู†ุดุนุฑ ููŠู‡ vibrationุŸ ุจู†ุดุนุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ vibration
1352
+
1353
+ 339
1354
+ 00:28:51,360 --> 00:28:56,160
1355
+ ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ vibration sense ุทุจ ุงู„ muscle sense ู„ูˆ
1356
+
1357
+ 340
1358
+ 00:28:56,160 --> 00:28:59,200
1359
+ ุฌูŠู†ุง ุนู…ู„ู†ุง palpation ู„ู„ muscle ุญุณูŠู†ุงู‡ุง tenderness
1360
+
1361
+ 341
1362
+ 00:28:59,200 --> 00:29:02,980
1363
+ soft legs ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจุดุนุฑู‡ ุจู‚ู„ู… ุจุดุนุฑุด ุจู‚ู„ู… ููŠ ุงู„
1364
+
1365
+ 342
1366
+ 00:29:02,980 --> 00:29:07,880
1367
+ muscle ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ muscle sensation ุทุจ muscle tension
1368
+
1369
+ 343
1370
+ 00:29:07,880 --> 00:29:14,000
1371
+ sense ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠุจู†ุง ูˆุฒู†ูŠู† ู…ุฎุชู„ููŠู†ุญุทู†ุงู‡ู… ููŠุฏูŠ ูˆ ุบู…ุทุช
1372
+
1373
+ 344
1374
+ 00:29:14,000 --> 00:29:18,360
1375
+ ุนู†ุงูŠุฉ ูˆ ุฑูุนุชู‡ู… ู„ุงุฒู… ุงู…ูŠุฒ ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ุฃุซู‚ู„ ุงู„ุฌูˆุงู„ ูˆู„ุง
1376
+
1377
+ 345
1378
+ 00:29:18,360 --> 00:29:23,280
1379
+ ุงู„ุฌู„ู… ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ุดุนุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุฒู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง
1380
+
1381
+ 346
1382
+ 00:29:23,280 --> 00:29:27,880
1383
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ muscle tension sense ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠุจู†ุง ูˆุฒู†ูŠู†
1384
+
1385
+ 347
1386
+ 00:29:27,880 --> 00:29:32,600
1387
+ ู…ุฎุชู„ููŠู† ูˆุญุทู†ุงู‡ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุฅูŠุฏู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ูŠ ุฅูŠุฏ ูˆ ู‡ูŠ ุฅูŠุฏ
1388
+
1389
+ 348
1390
+ 00:29:32,600 --> 00:29:39,810
1391
+ ููˆู‚ู‡ุง ูˆ ู†ู…ูŠุฒ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู…ู…ูŠู† ุฃุซู‚ู„ ุงู„ุฌูˆุงู„ ูˆู„ุง ุงู„ุฌู„ุงู… ูˆุงู†ุง
1392
+
1393
+ 349
1394
+ 00:29:39,810 --> 00:29:43,410
1395
+ ู…ุบู…ุถ ุงู† ู‡ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ pressure sense ู…ุซุงู„ ุขุฎุฑ ุนู„ู‰
1396
+
1397
+ 350
1398
+ 00:29:43,410 --> 00:29:47,910
1399
+ pressure sense ู„ูˆ ุฃุฌูŠ ุฃูˆู„ุงุฏู‡ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุจู†ุงุช ูˆูˆู„ุฏ
1400
+
1401
+ 351
1402
+ 00:29:47,910 --> 00:29:51,450
1403
+ ู‚ุงุนุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุฑุฌู„ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุนู…ุฑู‡ ุณู†ุชูŠู† ูˆูˆู„ุฏ ุนู…ุฑู‡ ุนุดุฑ ุณู†ูŠู†
1404
+
1405
+ 352
1406
+ 00:29:51,450 --> 00:29:54,470
1407
+ ู‚ุงุนุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ู…ุด ูˆุงู†ุง ู‚ุงุนุฏ ุจุดุนุฑ ููŠู‡ู… ุฃุซู‚ู„ ูˆู…ูŠู†
1408
+
1409
+ 353
1410
+ 00:29:54,470 --> 00:29:57,670
1411
+ ุฃุชุนุจู†ูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ pressure sense ุงูŠุด ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ุจูŠู†
1412
+
1413
+ 354
1414
+ 00:29:57,670 --> 00:30:01,170
1415
+ pressure sense ูˆ muscle tension sense ุงู„ pressure
1416
+
1417
+ 355
1418
+ 00:30:01,170 --> 00:30:06,330
1419
+ sense ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ุจู†ุถุน ูˆุฒู†ูŠู† ู…ุฎุชู„ููŠู† ูˆ ุงู„ upper limbs ุงูˆ
1420
+
1421
+ 356
1422
+ 00:30:06,330 --> 00:30:09,010
1423
+ ุงู„ lower limbs ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู†ุง fixed ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู†ุง ุจุชุญุฑูƒุด
1424
+
1425
+ 357
1426
+ 00:30:09,010 --> 00:30:12,330
1427
+ ุจุญุฑูƒู‡ู…ุด ุงู†ุง ุดุนุฑุช ุจุงู„ pressure ุจุชุงุนูŠ ู‡ุฐุง pressure
1428
+
1429
+ 358
1430
+ 00:30:12,330 --> 00:30:16,050
1431
+ sense ู„ูƒู† muscle tension sense ุงู†ุง ุงุฎุฏุช ุธุฑู ุจูƒุงุช
1432
+
1433
+ 359
1434
+ 00:30:16,050 --> 00:30:21,640
1435
+ ููŠู‡ ุงุบุฑุงุถูˆ ุญู…ู„ุชู‡ ุจุฏู‡ ุงุดุนุฑ ุงูˆ ุงุญุณ ุงู† ุงู„ูˆุฒู† ู…ุธุจูˆุท 2
1436
+
1437
+ 360
1438
+ 00:30:21,640 --> 00:30:26,020
1439
+ ูƒูŠู„ูˆ ุงูˆ 3 ูƒูŠู„ูˆ ู…ุณูƒุช ููŠู‡ ุงุชูŠู† ุจูƒุชูŠู† ู…ุฎุชู„ููŠู† ูˆ ู‚ู„ุช
1440
+
1441
+ 361
1442
+ 00:30:26,020 --> 00:30:29,320
1443
+ ู„ุฃ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃุซู‚ู„ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู†ุง ุดุนุฑุช ุจุงู„ูˆุฒู† ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ
1444
+
1445
+ 362
1446
+ 00:30:29,320 --> 00:30:33,180
1447
+ ู†ูุณู‡ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ muscle tension ash essence ุงู„
1448
+
1449
+ 363
1450
+ 00:30:33,180 --> 00:30:36,720
1451
+ proprio reception ุงูˆ proprio receptive ู‡ู… ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
1452
+
1453
+ 364
1454
+ 00:30:36,720 --> 00:30:40,500
1455
+ ash essence of joint ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ ู…ู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ joint ู„ูˆ
1456
+
1457
+ 365
1458
+ 00:30:40,500 --> 00:30:44,970
1459
+ ุงู†ุง ุบู…ุทุช ู‡ู†ุงูˆ ุญุฑูƒุช ุฃุตุจุน ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู„ููˆู‚ ูˆ ู„ุชุญุช ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ
1460
+
1461
+ 366
1462
+ 00:30:44,970 --> 00:30:49,610
1463
+ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุดุนุฑ ุฃูŠ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุฃูŠ ุฌูˆูŠู†ุช ุงู†ุง ุญุฑูƒุชู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฌูŠู†ุง ุงู„
1464
+
1465
+ 367
1466
+ 00:30:49,610 --> 00:30:55,670
1467
+ finger ููˆู‚ ุงูˆ ุชุญุช ุจุฏูŠ ูŠุญุฏุฏู„ูŠ ุฃูŠ ุฃุตุจุน ุงู†ุง ุญุฑูƒุชู‡ ุจุณ
1468
+
1469
+ 368
1470
+ 00:30:55,670 --> 00:30:59,970
1471
+ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุนูŠู†ูŠุฉ ู…ุบู…ุถูŠู† ูˆ ู…ุณูƒุฑุฉ ุนูŠู†ูŠุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ
1472
+
1473
+ 369
1474
+ 00:30:59,970 --> 00:31:07,440
1475
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง joint sense ููŠ combined sensationุฒูŠ
1476
+
1477
+ 370
1478
+ 00:31:07,440 --> 00:31:13,600
1479
+ Stereognosis ุงูŠุด StereognosisุŸ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠุจู†ุง ุดูŠุก ู‡ุงูŠ
1480
+
1481
+ 371
1482
+ 00:31:13,600 --> 00:31:19,780
1483
+ ุนุตุงุจู‡ ู„ู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุนุดุฑุฉ ุดูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุฌูŠุจ ู…ุจู„ุบ ู…ู† ุงู„ูู„ูˆุณ ูˆ
1484
+
1485
+ 372
1486
+ 00:31:19,780 --> 00:31:23,620
1487
+ ุจุญุทู‡ ููŠ ุงูŠุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู…ุบู…ุถ ุงู†ูŠุง ุจุงู„ู„ู…ุณ
1488
+
1489
+ 373
1490
+ 00:31:23,620 --> 00:31:29,740
1491
+ ุจุฏู…ูŠุฒู„ูŠ ุฎู…ุณ ุดูƒู„ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุดูƒู„ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุดูƒู„ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุดูƒู„ ุดูƒู„
1492
+
1493
+ 374
1494
+ 00:31:29,740 --> 00:31:37,590
1495
+ ุนุดุฑุฉ ุดูƒู„ ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุฏู…ูŠุฒู„ูŠ ุทูŠุจ ุญุทูŠู†ุง ููŠ ุงูŠุฏู‡ุดูƒู„ ูˆ
1496
+
1497
+ 375
1498
+ 00:31:37,590 --> 00:31:42,010
1499
+ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุดูƒู„ ู„ุงุฒู… ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง ุนูŠุฏู„ูŠ ุงูŠู‡ ู‡ู… ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง ุนูŠุฏู„ูŠ
1500
+
1501
+ 376
1502
+ 00:31:42,010 --> 00:31:44,790
1503
+ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ูƒุงู… ููŠ ุฏู‡ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ู„ูŠ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุดูƒู„ ุจุงู„ู…ุซู„ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ู„ูŠ
1504
+
1505
+ 377
1506
+ 00:31:44,790 --> 00:31:48,590
1507
+ ู‡ุฏู‡ ุดูƒู„ ูˆ ู‡ุฏู‡ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุดูƒู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุจุงู„ู„ู…ุณ ุญุฏุฏู‡ ุงูˆ
1508
+
1509
+ 378
1510
+ 00:31:48,590 --> 00:31:52,590
1511
+ ุฌูŠุจู†ุง ุฌู„ู… ุงูˆ ู…ูุชุงุญ ูˆ ุญุงุทูŠู†ุง ููŠู‡ ุฏู‡ ูˆ ู‡ู… ุบู…ุถู†ุงู‡
1512
+
1513
+ 379
1514
+ 00:31:52,590 --> 00:31:56,270
1515
+ ุจุงู„ู„ู…ุณ ุจูŠุดุนุฑ ุงูŠุด ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ุฏ ุฌู„ู… ู‡ุฏ ู…ูุชุงุญ ู‡ุฏ
1516
+
1517
+ 380
1518
+ 00:31:56,270 --> 00:32:01,870
1519
+ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ stereo diagnosisุงู„ู€
1520
+
1521
+ 381
1522
+ 00:32:01,870 --> 00:32:06,570
1523
+ Tactile Discrimination ุจู†ุฌูŠุจ ู…ุซู„ ุซุฑุฌุงุฑ ุจุณู†ูŠู† ูˆ
1524
+
1525
+ 382
1526
+ 00:32:06,570 --> 00:32:09,250
1527
+ ุจู†ุญุทู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ hand ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูŠุดุนุฑ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ two
1528
+
1529
+ 383
1530
+ 00:32:09,250 --> 00:32:13,470
1531
+ point ู„ูˆ ุณู† ูˆุงุญุฏ ุญุงุทู†ุง one point ุณู†ูŠู† ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูŠุดุนุฑูˆุง
1532
+
1533
+ 384
1534
+ 00:32:13,470 --> 00:32:16,170
1535
+ ุงู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„ two point ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ุง Tactile
1536
+
1537
+ 385
1538
+ 00:32:16,170 --> 00:32:20,870
1539
+ Discrimination ุงูˆ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุซุงู†ูŠ two point
1540
+
1541
+ 386
1542
+ 00:32:20,870 --> 00:32:24,650
1543
+ discrimination two point discrimination
1544
+
1545
+ 387
1546
+ 00:32:27,140 --> 00:32:31,080
1547
+ According to modality of sensation it is more
1548
+
1549
+ 388
1550
+ 00:32:31,080 --> 00:32:35,260
1551
+ common classification ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ receptor ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุดุฑุญุชู‡ู…
1552
+
1553
+ 389
1554
+ 00:32:35,260 --> 00:32:38,780
1555
+ ุงู„ somatic sensation ุจูŠู‚ุณู…ู‡ู… ู„ mecanoreceptive
1556
+
1557
+ 390
1558
+ 00:32:38,780 --> 00:32:43,120
1559
+ sensation ูˆ thermoreceptive sensation ูˆ pain
1560
+
1561
+ 391
1562
+ 00:32:43,120 --> 00:32:47,060
1563
+ sensation mecanoreceptive sensation ู…ุซู„ touch
1564
+
1565
+ 392
1566
+ 00:32:47,060 --> 00:32:52,210
1567
+ sensation ุญุงุณุณ ุงู„ู„ู…ุณpressure sensationุŒ ุถุบุทุŒ ุงู†ุง
1568
+
1569
+ 393
1570
+ 00:32:52,210 --> 00:32:56,930
1571
+ ุถุบุทุชุŒ ุถุบุทุช ุจุณูŠุทุŒ ุถุบุทุช ุฌูˆูŠุŒ ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง muscle tension
1572
+
1573
+ 394
1574
+ 00:32:56,930 --> 00:32:59,650
1575
+ senseุŒ ุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒูˆุง ูŠุงู‡ุŒ ุญุทูŠู†ุง ูˆุฒู†ูŠู† ู…ุฎุชู„ููŠู† ูˆ ุฑูุนู†ุงู‡ู…
1576
+
1577
+ 395
1578
+ 00:32:59,650 --> 00:33:03,410
1579
+ ุจุฅูŠุฏู†ุง vibration senseุŒ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุดูˆูƒุงุฑ ุฑู†ุงู†ุง
1580
+
1581
+ 396
1582
+ 00:33:05,510 --> 00:33:10,510
1583
+ Tickle and itch sensationุŒ tickle ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฒุบุฒุบุฉุŒ itch
1584
+
1585
+ 397
1586
+ 00:33:10,510 --> 00:33:16,250
1587
+ sensation ุงู„ุญูƒุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจุนูˆุถ ุฌุฑุณู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุถู„ูˆุง ุญู‚
1588
+
1589
+ 398
1590
+ 00:33:16,250 --> 00:33:20,290
1591
+ ููŠู‡ู…ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ itching sensationุŒ itch ุญูƒุฉ Pro
1592
+
1593
+ 399
1594
+ 00:33:20,290 --> 00:33:23,330
1595
+ -proceptive sensation ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ joint
1596
+
1597
+ 400
1598
+ 00:33:23,330 --> 00:33:27,080
1599
+ sensation ุฃูˆ ุงู„ deep sensationุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ
1600
+
1601
+ 401
1602
+ 00:33:27,080 --> 00:33:31,560
1603
+ thermoreceptive sensation ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ heat and
1604
+
1605
+ 402
1606
+ 00:33:31,560 --> 00:33:34,120
1607
+ cold sensation ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ temperature
1608
+
1609
+ 403
1610
+ 00:33:34,120 --> 00:33:39,260
1611
+ sensation ูˆุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ pain sensation ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1612
+
1613
+ 404
1614
+ 00:33:39,260 --> 00:33:44,520
1615
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ุฃู„ู… ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู„ู‡ุง ู†ู‚ู ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู†
1616
+
1617
+ 405
1618
+ 00:33:44,520 --> 00:33:48,660
1619
+ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ููŠู‡ ุนู„ู‰
1620
+
1621
+ 406
1622
+ 00:33:48,660 --> 00:33:53,240
1623
+ pain sensation ูˆุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ pathway of
1624
+
1625
+ 407
1626
+ 00:33:53,240 --> 00:33:57,080
1627
+ superficial sensation and pathway of deep
1628
+
1629
+ 408
1630
+ 00:33:57,080 --> 00:33:57,720
1631
+ sensation
1632
+
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1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:05,180 --> 00:00:08,200
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆ
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:08,200 --> 00:00:12,680
7
+ ุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ู†ูƒู…ู„ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู€ pathway of corticospinal
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:12,680 --> 00:00:16,340
11
+ tract ู‡ุงู†ุฏูŠ corticospinal tract ุงู„ู€ corticospinal
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:16,340 --> 00:00:20,260
15
+ tract ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lower part of medulla oblongata ุจู†ู‚ุณู…
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:20,260 --> 00:00:24,860
19
+ ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ู„ู€ lateral corticospinal tract ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:24,860 --> 00:00:28,380
23
+ crossing 90% ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุงู„ู€ crossing ูˆุจุชุฌู‡ ุนู„ู‰ lateral
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:28,380 --> 00:00:32,400
27
+ column of spinal cord ูˆููŠ fibers ุจุชุถุนู‡ุง direct
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:32,400 --> 00:00:38,300
31
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุงูŠุด direct ุฃูˆ ventral corticospinal tract
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:38,300 --> 00:00:41,400
35
+ ุงู„ู€ ventral corticospinal tract ุจุชุนุทูŠ ุงู„ู€
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:41,400 --> 00:00:45,460
39
+ anterior horns ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ both sides ู„ู€ respiratory
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:45,460 --> 00:00:50,890
43
+ muscle ุงู„ู€ ventral spinotalamic tract ุจุชู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:00:50,890 --> 00:00:53,270
47
+ ventral column of spinal cord ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ู€
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:00:53,270 --> 00:00:56,490
51
+ respiratory muscle ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ู€ lateral corticospinal
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:00:56,490 --> 00:01:00,170
55
+ tract ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ muscle of the upper and lower
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:00,170 --> 00:01:07,150
59
+ limbs ู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ corticospinal
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:07,150 --> 00:01:10,150
63
+ tract ููŠ lower part of medulla ุนุงู…ู„ ุงู„ู€ crossing
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:10,150 --> 00:01:14,970
67
+ ุงู„ู„ุงุชุฑุงู„ ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุงูƒุณุฉ ุจู†ุณู…ูˆู‡ indirect
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:14,970 --> 00:01:18,410
71
+ ูˆู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ anterior muscles of the upper and
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:18,410 --> 00:01:21,990
75
+ lower limbs ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ู€ direct ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ ventral ุจูŠุจู‚ูˆุง ุนู„ู‰
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:21,990 --> 00:01:26,370
79
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ูˆุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง supplying ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ both anterior
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:26,370 --> 00:01:30,990
83
+ muscles ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ respiratory musclesthe
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:01:30,990 --> 00:01:37,190
87
+ corticospinal tract the motor area of one side of
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:01:37,190 --> 00:01:43,870
91
+ cerebral hemisphere is responsible for movement of
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:01:43,870 --> 00:01:48,310
95
+ muscle of the opposite half of the body mainly the
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:01:48,310 --> 00:01:51,390
99
+ limbs ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ motor area ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ cerebral
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:01:51,390 --> 00:01:55,290
103
+ hemisphere ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู† ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ุงู„ุนูƒุณ
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:01:55,290 --> 00:02:00,180
107
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู† ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู†The muscles of
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:00,180 --> 00:02:06,600
111
+ respiration are C-fibers from both cerebral
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:06,600 --> 00:02:11,780
115
+ hemispheres. This explains the absence of
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:11,780 --> 00:02:15,940
119
+ respiratory paralysis in hemiplegic persons ุญูƒู…ุฉ
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:15,940 --> 00:02:22,360
123
+ ุฑุจุงู†ูŠุฉ ุญูƒู…ุฉ ุฑุจู†ุง ูˆูŠู† ุฃู† ุนุถู„ุงุช ุชุจุนุงุช ุงู„ุชู†ูุณ ุชุจุนุงุช
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:02:22,360 --> 00:02:25,300
127
+ ุงู„ู‚ูุต ุงู„ุตุฏุฑูŠ ุฃุนุทุงู‡ู… ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Body Cerebral Hemisphere
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:02:25,300 --> 00:02:28,620
131
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุณุงุณ ุฅู† ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:02:28,620 --> 00:02:32,360
135
+ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ุฃู† ูŠุดุนู„ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฒุฑ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู€
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:02:32,360 --> 00:02:34,960
139
+ respiratory muscle ุจูŠุจู‚ุงู„ู‡ู… ุณุงู„ู…ูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ูˆุนู„ู‰
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:02:34,960 --> 00:02:39,330
143
+ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ุดูˆููˆุง ุญูƒู…ุฉ ุฑุจู†ุง ูƒุฏู‡ ูˆุฅู„ุง ูƒุงู† ูƒุฑู… ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู…
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:02:39,330 --> 00:02:42,150
147
+ ู‡ู†ุง ุจู„ูŠุฌุง ุจุฏูˆุง ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุชู†ูุณ ุตู†ุงุนูŠ ุจุฏูˆุง ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุชู†ูุณ
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:02:42,150 --> 00:02:46,710
151
+ ุตู†ุงุนูŠ ู„ูƒู† ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุชู†ูุณ ุฑุจู†ุง ุฃุนุทุงู‡ู… innervation ู…ู†
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:02:46,710 --> 00:02:49,990
155
+ ุงู„ู€ both sides ุฑุจู†ุง ู„ูŠู‡ู… ุงู„ุณูŠุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ventral
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:02:49,990 --> 00:02:53,590
159
+ corticospinal tract ู‡ู… ู‡ุงู„ุนุดุฑุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:02:53,590 --> 00:02:58,090
163
+ fibers ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุงู„ู‡ู… ู‚ุฏุฑ ูˆู…ุงุนู…ู„ูˆุด crossing ูˆูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:02:58,090 --> 00:03:04,960
167
+ opposite side ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ุงู„ุฃู† ู„ู€ Lower Motoneuron System
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:04,960 --> 00:03:12,160
171
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Spinal Muscular Fibers Spinal
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:03:12,160 --> 00:03:16,880
175
+ ู‡ูˆ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุฅูŠุดุŸ Spinal control of voluntary
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:03:16,880 --> 00:03:22,780
179
+ movement originates at the anterior horn cells of
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:03:22,780 --> 00:03:26,900
183
+ spinal cord and corresponding cranial motor nuclei
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:03:26,900 --> 00:03:31,040
187
+ in the brainstem ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ lower motor neuron ุฑุญ
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:03:31,040 --> 00:03:35,220
191
+ ูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ anterior horns ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง ุฃุตู„ muscle ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:03:35,220 --> 00:03:38,880
195
+ spinal cord ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ anterior horns ุชุงุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ lower
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:03:38,880 --> 00:03:43,780
199
+ motor neuron ุชู…๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝู…ุŸ ูˆููŠ ุงู„ู€ brain ุฑุญ ูŠุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ู€ lower
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:03:43,780 --> 00:03:48,000
203
+ motor neuron ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ motor nuclei of the cranial
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:03:48,000 --> 00:03:52,120
207
+ nerves in the brainstem ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง ุฃุตู„ ุงู„ูุงุณุจ ุฃูˆ ู„ู„ุชู†ูƒ
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:03:52,120 --> 00:03:55,220
211
+ ุฃูŠุถุง ุงู„ู†ูƒู„ูŠุงุชูŠ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ู€ cranial nerves ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:03:55,220 --> 00:03:59,120
215
+ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ brainstem ุชุนุชุจุฑ lower motor neuron ุงู„ู€ nerve
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:03:59,120 --> 00:04:03,020
219
+ lower motor neuron ุงู„ู€ neuromuscular junction lower
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:04:03,020 --> 00:04:09,460
223
+ motor neuron ุงู„ู…ุตู„ lower motor neuron function
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:04:09,460 --> 00:04:13,180
227
+ stimulation of voluntary motor at the level of the
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:04:13,180 --> 00:04:18,230
231
+ same side 2- Stimulation of muscle tone at the
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:04:18,230 --> 00:04:22,290
235
+ level of same side 3- Stimulation of deep reflex
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:04:22,290 --> 00:04:25,090
239
+ at the level of same side ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุตุงุฑ ุฏู‡ ู…ุด ู„ู„ุง
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:04:25,090 --> 00:04:29,410
243
+ ูˆุฑู…ูˆุทู‡ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุงู„ุนูƒุณ ุตุญูŠุญ ู†ุฏุฎู„ ููŠ muscle hypotonia
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:04:29,410 --> 00:04:36,970
247
+ ูˆ hyporeflexia ุฃูˆ areflexia ู„ูŠุด at the same side
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:04:36,970 --> 00:04:41,270
251
+ ุฃู†ุง ุจุดุจู‡ ูŠุง ุฌู…ุงุนุฉ ุงู„ู€ corticospinal tract ุจุงู„ุฎุท
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:04:41,270 --> 00:04:43,090
255
+ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:04:43,090 --> 00:04:46,960
259
+ ุงู„ุจุฑุฌ ุทุจ ุงู„ุดุบู‘ู‡ ู‡ุงุฏู‰ .. ู‡ุงุฏู‰ Anti-reversals ู‡ุงุฏู‰
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:04:46,960 --> 00:04:57,790
263
+ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ูˆุชูˆ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุทุจุนุง ู„ูˆ ุฌุณูŠู†ุง ุงู„ุฎุท
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:04:57,790 --> 00:05:01,450
267
+ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฒูŠุฉ ุชูุตู„ ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจุง ุจุชุญุช ูƒู„ู‡ู… ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:05:01,450 --> 00:05:04,970
271
+ upper motor neuron ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุดู„ู„ ุชุญุช ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ููŠ
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:05:04,970 --> 00:05:08,190
275
+ ุงู„ู€ upper motor neuron ุดู„ู„ ุชุญุช ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:05:08,190 --> 00:05:12,450
279
+ ุงู„ู€ lower motor neuron ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ูู‚ุท ุดู„ู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:05:12,450 --> 00:05:16,810
283
+ ูˆุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ deltoid muscle ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู†
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:05:16,810 --> 00:05:21,710
287
+ C5 C5 ุณูŠุฌู…ู†ุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุตุงุฑ ุฏู…ุฌ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Anterior
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:05:21,710 --> 00:05:26,110
291
+ Horns ูู‚ุท ู„ุชู†ุดู„ุฏ ุงู„ู€ Toy ุจู…ูุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุชุญุช ููˆู‚
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:05:26,110 --> 00:05:31,890
295
+ ุดุบุงู„ 100% ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ Lower Motoneuron ู„ูŠุฌูŠ ู…ู† ุฃูŠู†
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:05:31,890 --> 00:05:36,770
299
+ ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ Lower Motoneuron ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู‡ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Anterior
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:05:36,770 --> 00:05:45,270
303
+ Horns ุจูŠุทู„ุน ุงู„ู€ fibers ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู€
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:05:45,270 --> 00:05:52,510
307
+ Anterior Root ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจุชุชุฌู‡ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ sensory fibers ููŠ
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:05:52,510 --> 00:06:04,910
311
+ sensory fibers ุชู…ุงู… ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุงู„ุขู† ุนู„ู‰ motor ู…ุง
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:06:04,910 --> 00:06:06,990
315
+ ุฑุงุญ ุฃูƒู…ู„ ุจุงู„ู€ sensory ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ motor ุฑุงุญ
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:06:06,990 --> 00:06:10,770
319
+ ู†ูƒู…ู„ ุจุงู„ู€ motor fibers ุงู„ู€ motor fibers ุจุชุชุฌู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:06:10,770 --> 00:06:14,460
323
+ peripheral nerve motor fibers ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ muscle ุจุชุบุถูŠ
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:06:14,460 --> 00:06:21,560
327
+ ุงู„ู€ muscle ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง anterior spinal root ู‡ุฐุง motor
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:06:21,560 --> 00:06:27,580
331
+ nerve fiber ู†ูุณ
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:06:27,580 --> 00:06:32,960
335
+ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ segment ุงู„ุจุนุฏู‡ ุชุทู„ุน ููŠ ุงู„ู€ anterior
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:06:32,960 --> 00:06:38,660
339
+ root ุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ posterior root ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ู†ุง peripheral
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:06:38,660 --> 00:06:47,160
343
+ nerve ูˆุจูŠุบุถูˆู†ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ muscle fibers ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ู€
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:06:47,160 --> 00:06:51,720
347
+ anterior horn cells ุชุนุชุจุฑ lower motor neuron ุงู„ู€
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:06:51,720 --> 00:06:55,360
351
+ anterior root ุงู„ุฃุฒุฏุงุฏ lower motor neuron ุงู„ู€
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:06:55,360 --> 00:06:58,200
355
+ peripheral nerve lower motor neuron ุงู„ู€
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:06:58,200 --> 00:07:01,080
359
+ neuromuscular junction lower motor neuron ุงู„ู€
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:07:01,080 --> 00:07:03,920
363
+ muscle fibers lower motor neuron ููŠ ุงู„ู€ brain ุงู„ุณู…
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:07:03,920 --> 00:07:07,470
367
+ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุนูŠ ุนู†ุฏ ุจุฑู‡ู† ุงู„ุณู… lower motor
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:07:07,470 --> 00:07:09,910
371
+ neuron ุงู„ู€ cranial nerve lower motor neuron ุงู„ู€
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:07:09,910 --> 00:07:11,770
375
+ neuromuscular junction lower motor neuron ุงู„ู€ muscle
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:07:11,770 --> 00:07:14,230
379
+ fibers lower motor neuron ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ lower motor neuron
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:07:14,230 --> 00:07:17,510
383
+ ุจุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ุฃู…ุง motor nuclei ุนู†ุฏ ุจุฑู‡ู† ุงู„ุณู…
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:07:17,510 --> 00:07:21,310
387
+ ูˆ ุฃู…ุง anterior horn cells ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง ู†ุตู„ ู„ูˆูŠู† ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:07:21,310 --> 00:07:28,710
391
+ ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุญุฏุซ damage ู„ู€ Corticospinal tract ุนุณุจ
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:07:28,710 --> 00:07:33,400
395
+ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ุจุตูŠุฑ ุดู„ู„ ุชุญุช ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุฅุฐุง ู๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ุฃุณู…ุงุนู‡
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:07:33,400 --> 00:07:37,580
399
+ ุงู„ูƒูˆุฑุจ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุทุจ ุฅุฐุง ููŠ brain above
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:07:37,580 --> 00:07:40,920
403
+ decassation ุฑุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ opposite side ุนู„ู‰ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:07:40,920 --> 00:07:44,500
407
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ opposite side ุทุจ ู…ุฑูŠู… ุตุงุฑ ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุญุงุฏุซุฉ ุฅุตุงุจุฉ
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:07:44,500 --> 00:07:50,800
411
+ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุงู†ู‚ุทุน ุงู„ู€ nerve ู…ูŠู† ุฑุงุญ ูŠู†ุดู„ุŸ ูู‚ุท ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉุŒ ุนู„ู‰
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:07:50,800 --> 00:07:54,460
415
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ูˆ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุงุชุฌุงู‡ุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉุŒ ุนู„ู‰
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:07:54,460 --> 00:07:57,900
419
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู€ side ูˆ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู€ level ุทุจ ููˆู‚ ุชุญุชู‡ ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู†
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:07:57,900 --> 00:08:01,680
423
+ ุณู„ูŠู…ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู€ lower motor neuron lesion
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:08:03,450 --> 00:08:07,570
427
+ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุจุชูŠุฌูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ anterior horn cells of the
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:08:07,570 --> 00:08:12,770
431
+ spinal cord ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจุชู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ .. ุจุชุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:08:12,770 --> 00:08:16,950
435
+ spinal cord ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู€ anterior root of the same
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:08:16,950 --> 00:08:21,300
439
+ side ุชุฑูˆุญ ู„ู„ู€ peripheral nerve ู„ู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ in the plate
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:08:21,300 --> 00:08:25,060
443
+ ูˆ ุจุชุบุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ muscle ุจุชุฑูˆุญ ู„ูŠู‡ ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ voluntary muscle
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:08:25,060 --> 00:08:29,540
447
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุญู…ุฑ ู‡ุฐุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง corticospinal tract ู‡ุฐุง above
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:08:29,540 --> 00:08:32,600
451
+ decassation ู‡ุฐุง below decassation ุงุณู…ู‡ lateral
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:08:32,600 --> 00:08:36,740
455
+ corticospinal tract ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฃุณูุฑ ู‡ูˆ anterior horn
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:08:36,740 --> 00:08:41,040
459
+ cells ู„ูˆ ูˆุฑุง motoneuron anterior root spinal nerve
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:08:41,040 --> 00:08:49,240
463
+ muscle fibers okay ู…ุนู†ุงุชู‡ ุงู„ู€ lateral ุฃูˆ media
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:08:49,240 --> 00:08:53,200
467
+ corticonuclear tract ุฃู†ุง ุดุฑุญุชู‡ ูˆุฑุณู…ุชู„ูƒูˆุง ูŠุง ุงู„ู€
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:08:53,200 --> 00:08:57,000
471
+ media corticonuclear ุฃูˆ ุจู„ุจุฑ tract give fibers
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:08:57,000 --> 00:09:01,340
475
+ to ocular motor nuclei ู…ู† ู‡ู…ุง ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ูˆุงู„ุฑุงุจุน
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:09:01,340 --> 00:09:07,760
479
+ ูˆุงู„ุณุงุฏุณ in the brain stem from both cerebral
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:09:07,760 --> 00:09:10,850
483
+ hemispheres ูŠุนู†ูŠ bilateral ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ู€ Lateral
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:09:10,850 --> 00:09:16,070
487
+ Corticobulbar Tract ูŠุนุทูŠ ุฃุณู„ุญุฉ ู„ู€ Motor nuclei of
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:09:16,070 --> 00:09:20,490
491
+ cranial nerves ู…ู† ู‡ู…ุง TrigeminalุŒ Dorsal nucleus
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:09:20,490 --> 00:09:25,130
495
+ of Facial, Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, cranial
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:09:25,130 --> 00:09:29,950
499
+ accessory ุชู…ุงู… ู‡ู†ุง ุจุญุท ุจุณ ุตู„ุญูˆู‡ุง cranial accessory
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:09:29,950 --> 00:09:35,610
503
+ ุจุญุทูˆุง ู‡ูŠูƒ ุตู„ุญูˆู‡ุง cranial accessory ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุนุชุจุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:09:35,610 --> 00:09:38,730
507
+ both cerebral hemisphere ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ู…ู†ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† both
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:09:38,730 --> 00:09:43,070
511
+ cerebral hemisphere ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ู€ ventral nucleus of
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:09:43,070 --> 00:09:46,330
515
+ facial nerve ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ lower quadrant of the
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:09:46,330 --> 00:09:51,710
519
+ face ูˆ hypoglossal nucleus ุชุงุฎุฏ only from opposite
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:09:51,710 --> 00:09:52,730
523
+ cerebral hemisphere
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:10:00,250 --> 00:10:04,070
527
+ Lateral corticonuclear tract ู†ุดุฑุญู‡ู… ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:10:04,070 --> 00:10:07,590
531
+ ู…ู† ุจูŠุช ุงู„ู€ cells ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆูŠู† ููŠ area 4 ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ู…ู†
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:10:07,590 --> 00:10:11,870
535
+ ูˆูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ lower one third of precentral gyrus ุฃูˆ
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:10:11,870 --> 00:10:19,370
539
+ frontal lobe ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงุชุฌู‡ ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ corona radiate ุจูŠู…ุฑ
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:10:19,370 --> 00:10:22,790
543
+ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ apex ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ genu of internal capsule
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:10:22,790 --> 00:10:29,670
547
+ Descend in the brain stem ููŠ ุงู„ู€ midbrain ุจุนุฏ
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:10:29,670 --> 00:10:36,030
551
+ ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠู…ุฑ ู„ู„ู€ pons ููŠ ุงู„ู€ pons ุงู„ู€ fiber ุณุจุนุฉ ุจุชุฑูˆุญ
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:10:36,030 --> 00:10:41,590
555
+ ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู€ motor nucleus of trigeminal ูˆ dorsal nucleus
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:10:41,590 --> 00:10:46,030
559
+ of facial ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠุชุฌู‡ ู„ู€ medulla oblongata ุจูŠุนุทูŠ
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:10:46,030 --> 00:10:47,130
563
+ glossopharyngeal
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:10:49,480 --> 00:10:54,160
567
+ ูˆ vagus ูˆ cranial accessory ู„ู€ ambiguous nucleus ูˆ
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:10:54,160 --> 00:11:00,100
571
+ ู„ู€ hypoglossal nucleus ุงู„ู€ hypoglossal nucleus
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:11:00,100 --> 00:11:03,540
575
+ ูˆ dorsal
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:11:03,540 --> 00:11:07,600
579
+ nucleus of ..ุฃุณู ุงู„ู€ hypoglossal ูˆ ventral nucleus
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:11:07,600 --> 00:11:11,460
583
+ of facial nerve ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง from opposite side only
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:11:11,460 --> 00:11:16,100
587
+ ูˆุงู„ุจุงู‚ูŠู† ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ both side ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ both
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:11:16,100 --> 00:11:23,780
591
+ side ุงู„ุชุฎู„ุต ู…ู† ุฎู„ุทุฉ ุงู„ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑูŠ ููŠ ู…ุตุฏุฑ
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:11:23,780 --> 00:11:27,940
595
+ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ุญุฑูƒุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Trigeminal, Dorsal
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:11:27,940 --> 00:11:31,780
599
+ Nucleus Facial, Glossopharyngeal, Vagus ูˆ Cranial
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:11:31,780 --> 00:11:36,390
603
+ Accessory ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู€ ambiguous nucleus of both
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:11:36,390 --> 00:11:40,410
607
+ sides ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ู…ู† ุงูŠู†ุŸ from both sides except the
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:11:40,410 --> 00:11:45,070
611
+ motor nuclei of ventral facial ูˆ ุงู„ู€ hypoglossal
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:11:45,070 --> 00:11:52,570
615
+ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ opposite side only function
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:11:52,570 --> 00:11:59,090
619
+ motor control of head and neck medial
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:11:59,090 --> 00:12:04,010
623
+ corticonuclear tract ุฃูˆ corticobulbar tract ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:12:04,010 --> 00:12:11,490
627
+ from motor cells present in area 8 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:12:11,490 --> 00:12:14,830
631
+ ุงู„ู€ frontal lobe ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ conjugate I center
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:12:14,830 --> 00:12:18,870
635
+ ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุชู†ุฒู„ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ corona radiate ููŠ apex of
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:12:18,870 --> 00:12:23,050
639
+ internal capsule ุจู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ midbrain ุจูŠุนุทูŠ
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:12:23,050 --> 00:12:27,670
643
+ fibers ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ both sides ู„ู€ nuclei ุงู„ู€ oculomotor ูˆ
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:12:27,670 --> 00:12:33,570
647
+ ุงู„ุชุฑูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ูˆุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠู†ุฒู„ ู„ู„ู€ pons ูˆุจูŠุนุทูŠ fibers ู„ู€
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:12:33,570 --> 00:12:37,610
651
+ ุงู„ู€ both sides ู„ู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ of abducent nerve ูˆ ุงู„ู€
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:12:37,610 --> 00:12:42,290
655
+ function ุชุจุนุชู‡ responsible for movement of both
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:12:42,290 --> 00:12:47,690
659
+ eye ู„ู€ eye movement ู‡ูˆ ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู„ุชุฑุงูƒุช ุนุดุงู† ุจุงู„ู…ุซุงู„
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:12:47,690 --> 00:12:51,890
663
+ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ medial ุงู„ูˆุงุถุญ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ oculomotor ipsilateral
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:12:51,890 --> 00:12:57,450
667
+ contralateral ุงู„ู€ trochlear ipsilateral contralateral
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:12:57,450 --> 00:13:01,690
671
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ abducens ipsilateral contralateral ู‡ู†ุง
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:13:01,690 --> 00:13:05,630
675
+ ุงู„ู€ hypogloss ุงู„ูˆุงุถุญ ุฃุฎุฏุช ูู‚ุท ุงู„ู€ opposite side ูˆ ุงู„ู€
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:13:05,630 --> 00:13:08,070
679
+ ventral nucleus of facial ุฃุฎุฏุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ opposite
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:13:08,070 --> 00:13:12,430
683
+ side only ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุณุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ both side
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:13:12,430 --> 00:13:17,650
687
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ both side classification of the motor neuron
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:13:17,650 --> 00:13:22,810
691
+ lesion according to the location of lesion upper
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:13:22,810 --> 00:13:26,650
695
+ motor neuron lesion ูŠุนู†ูŠ specific ุฃูˆ central ูˆูŠู†
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:13:26,650 --> 00:13:29,290
699
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ upper motor neuron ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุฑุงุญ
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:13:29,290 --> 00:13:34,690
703
+ ุชูƒูˆู† ุฃู…ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ corticospinal tract ุฃูˆ corticobulbar
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:13:34,690 --> 00:13:38,290
707
+ tract lower motor neuron lesion flaccid ุฃูˆ
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:13:38,290 --> 00:13:42,250
711
+ peripheral ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูˆูŠู† ุฑุงุญ ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ motor
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:13:42,250 --> 00:13:46,050
715
+ nuclei in the brainstem ุฃูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ motor nuclei in
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:13:46,050 --> 00:13:48,790
719
+ the spinal cord ููŠ ุงู„ู€ anterior horn cells ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:13:48,790 --> 00:13:52,510
723
+ ุฃุตู„ ู„ูˆูŠู† ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ according to affected limbs
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:13:52,510 --> 00:13:57,650
727
+ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† monoplegia ุดู„ู„ ุทุฑู ูˆุงุญุฏ right upper limb
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:13:57,650 --> 00:14:03,210
731
+ left upper limb right lower limb left lower limb
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:14:03,210 --> 00:14:08,570
735
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุดู„ู„ ุทุฑู ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† hemiplegia ุดู„ู„ ู†ุตู
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:14:08,570 --> 00:14:12,650
739
+ ุทูˆู„ุฉ right hemiplegia left hemiplegia ุดู„ู„ ู†ุตู
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:14:12,650 --> 00:14:18,150
743
+ ุทูˆู„ุฉ right ุฃูˆ left paraplegia ุดู„ู„ ุณูู„ูŠ ุดู„ู„ ุณูู„ูŠ
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:14:1
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/2vAI9D53R-U_postprocess.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,796 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:05,180 --> 00:00:08,200
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆ ุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆ
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:08,200 --> 00:00:12,680
7
+ ุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ู†ูƒู…ู„ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ path way of corticospinal
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:12,680 --> 00:00:16,340
11
+ tract ู‡ุงู†ุฏูŠ corticospinal tract ุงู„ corticospinal
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:16,340 --> 00:00:20,260
15
+ tract ููŠ ุงู„ lower part of medulla oblongata ุจู†ู‚ุณู…
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:20,260 --> 00:00:24,860
19
+ ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ู„ lateral corticospinal tract ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:24,860 --> 00:00:28,380
23
+ crossing 90% ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุงู„ crossing ูˆ ุจุชุฌู‡ ุนู„ู‰ lateral
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:28,380 --> 00:00:32,400
27
+ column of spinal cordูˆููŠ fibers ุจุชุถุนู‡ุง direct
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:32,400 --> 00:00:38,300
31
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุงูŠุด direct ุงูˆ ventral corticospinal tract
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:38,300 --> 00:00:41,400
35
+ ุงู„ ventral corticospinal tract ุจุชุนุทูŠ ุงู„
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:41,400 --> 00:00:45,460
39
+ anterohorses ู…ู† ุงู„ both sides ู„ ุงู„ respiratory
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:45,460 --> 00:00:50,890
43
+ muscle ุงู„ ventral spinotalamic tractุจุชู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:00:50,890 --> 00:00:53,270
47
+ ventral column of spinal cord ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:00:53,270 --> 00:00:56,490
51
+ respiratory muscle ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ lateral corticospinal
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:00:56,490 --> 00:01:00,170
55
+ tract ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ muscle of the upper and lower
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:00,170 --> 00:01:07,150
59
+ limbsู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ุงู† ุงู„ corticospinal
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:07,150 --> 00:01:10,150
63
+ tract ููŠ lower part of medulla ุนุงู…ู„ ุงู„ crossing
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:10,150 --> 00:01:14,970
67
+ ุงู„ู„ุงุชุฑุงู„ ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุงูƒุณุฉ ุจุณู…ูˆู‡ indirect
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:14,970 --> 00:01:18,410
71
+ ูˆู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ anterior muscles of the upper and
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:18,410 --> 00:01:21,990
75
+ lower limbs ุงู…ุง ุงู„ direct ุงูˆ ุงู„ ventral ุจูŠุจู‚ูˆุง ุนู„ู‰
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:21,990 --> 00:01:26,370
79
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ูˆุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง supplying ู„ ุงู„ both anterior
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:26,370 --> 00:01:30,990
83
+ muscles ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ respiratory musclethe
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:01:30,990 --> 00:01:37,190
87
+ corticospinal tract the motor area of one side of
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:01:37,190 --> 00:01:43,870
91
+ cerebral hemisphere is responsible for movement of
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:01:43,870 --> 00:01:48,310
95
+ muscle of the opposite half of the body mainly the
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:01:48,310 --> 00:01:51,390
99
+ limbs ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ motor area ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ cerebral
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:01:51,390 --> 00:01:55,290
103
+ hemisphere ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู† ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ุงู„ุนูƒุณ
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:01:55,290 --> 00:02:00,180
107
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู† ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู†The muscles of
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:00,180 --> 00:02:06,600
111
+ respiration are C-fibers from both cerebral
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:06,600 --> 00:02:11,780
115
+ hemispheres. This explains the absence of
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:11,780 --> 00:02:15,940
119
+ respiratory paralysis in hemiplegic persons ุญูƒู…ุฉ
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:15,940 --> 00:02:22,360
123
+ ุฑุจุงู†ูŠุฉ ุญูƒู…ุฉ ุฑุจู†ุง ูˆูŠู† ุงู† ุนุถู„ุงุช ุชุจุนุงุช ุงู„ุชู†ูุณุชุจุนุงุช
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:02:22,360 --> 00:02:25,300
127
+ ุงู„ู‚ูุต ุงู„ุตุฏุฑูŠ ุฃุนุทุงู‡ู… ู…ู† ุงู„ู€Body Cerebral Hemisphere
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:02:25,300 --> 00:02:28,620
131
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุณุงุณ ุฅู† ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:02:28,620 --> 00:02:32,360
135
+ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ุงู† ูŠุดุนู„ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฒุฑ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:02:32,360 --> 00:02:34,960
139
+ respiratory muscle ุจูŠุจู‚ุงู„ู‡ู… ุณุงู„ู…ูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ูˆุนู„ู‰
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:02:34,960 --> 00:02:39,330
143
+ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑุดูˆููˆุง ุญูƒู…ุฉ ุฑุจู†ุง ูƒุฏู‡ ูˆุฅู„ุง ูƒุงู† ูƒุฑู… ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู…
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:02:39,330 --> 00:02:42,150
147
+ ู‡ู†ุง ุจู„ูŠุฌุง ุจุฏูˆุง ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุชู†ูุณ ุตู†ุงุนูŠ ุจุฏูˆุง ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุชู†ูุณ
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:02:42,150 --> 00:02:46,710
151
+ ุตู†ุงุนูŠ ู„ูƒู† ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุชู†ูุณ ุฑุจู†ุง ุฃุนุทุงู‡ู… innervation ู…ู†
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:02:46,710 --> 00:02:49,990
155
+ ุงู„ boats ุฑุจุฑุง ู„ูŠู‡ู… ุงู„ุณูŠุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ventral
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:02:49,990 --> 00:02:53,590
159
+ corticospinal tract ู‡ู… ู‡ุงู„ุนุดุฑุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:02:53,590 --> 00:02:58,090
163
+ fibers ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุงู„ู‡ู… ู‚ุฏุฑ ูˆู…ุงุนู…ู„ูˆุด crossing ูˆูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:02:58,090 --> 00:03:04,960
167
+ opposite sideู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ุงู„ุฃู† ู„ู€ Lower Motoneuron System
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:04,960 --> 00:03:12,160
171
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Spinal Muscular Fibers Spinal
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:03:12,160 --> 00:03:16,880
175
+ ู‡ูˆ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู† ุฅูŠุดุŸ Spinal control of voluntary
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:03:16,880 --> 00:03:22,780
179
+ movement originates at the anterior horn cellsof
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:03:22,780 --> 00:03:26,900
183
+ spinal cord and corresponding cranial motor nuclei
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:03:26,900 --> 00:03:31,040
187
+ in the brainstem ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ lower motor neuron ุฑุญ
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:03:31,040 --> 00:03:35,220
191
+ ูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ antihorses ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง ุฃุตู„ muscle ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:03:35,220 --> 00:03:38,880
195
+ spinal cord ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ antihorses ุชุงุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ lower
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:03:38,880 --> 00:03:43,780
199
+ motor neuron ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ brain ุฑุญ ูŠุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ lower
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:03:43,780 --> 00:03:48,000
203
+ motor neuron ู…ู† ุงู„ motor nuclei of the cranial
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:03:48,000 --> 00:03:52,120
207
+ nerves in the brainstem ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง ุฃุตู„ ุงู„ูุงุณุจุฃูˆ ู„ู„ุชู†ูƒ
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:03:52,120 --> 00:03:55,220
211
+ ุงูŠุถุง ุงู„ู†ูƒู„ูŠุงุชูŠ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ cranial nerves ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:03:55,220 --> 00:03:59,120
215
+ ููŠ ุงู„ brainstem ุชุนุชุจุฑ lower motor neuron ุงู„ nerve
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:03:59,120 --> 00:04:03,020
219
+ lower motor neuron ุงู„ neuromuscular junction lower
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:04:03,020 --> 00:04:09,460
223
+ motor neuron ุงู„ู…ุตู„ lower motor neuron function
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:04:09,460 --> 00:04:13,180
227
+ stimulation of voluntary motor at the level of the
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:04:13,180 --> 00:04:18,230
231
+ same side2- Stimulation of muscle tone at the
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:04:18,230 --> 00:04:22,290
235
+ level of same side 3- Stimulation of deep reflex
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:04:22,290 --> 00:04:25,090
239
+ at the level of same side ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุตุงุฑ ุฏู‡ ู…ุด ู„ู„ุง
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:04:25,090 --> 00:04:29,410
243
+ ูˆุฑู…ูˆุทู‡ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุงู„ุนูƒุณ ุตุญูŠุญ ู†ุฏุฎู„ ููŠ muscle hypotonia
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:04:29,410 --> 00:04:36,970
247
+ ูˆhyporeflexia ุงูˆ areflexia ู„ูŠุด at the same side
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:04:36,970 --> 00:04:41,270
251
+ ุงู†ุง ุจุดุจู‡ ูŠุง ุฌู…ุงุนุฉ ุงู„ corticospinal tract ุจุงู„ุฎุท
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:04:41,270 --> 00:04:43,090
255
+ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:04:43,090 --> 00:04:46,960
259
+ ุงู„ุจุฑุฌุทุจ ุงู„ุดุบู‘ู‡ ู‡ุงุฏู‰ .. ู‡ุงุฏู‰ Anti-reversals ู‡ุงุฏู‰
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:04:46,960 --> 00:04:57,790
263
+ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ูˆุชูˆ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู†ุทุจุนุง ู„ูˆ ุฌุณูŠู†ุง ุงู„ุฎุท
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:04:57,790 --> 00:05:01,450
267
+ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฒูŠุฉ ุชูุตู„ ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจุง ุจุชุญุช ูƒู„ู‡ู… ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ููŠ ุงู„
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:05:01,450 --> 00:05:04,970
271
+ upper motor neuron ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุดู„ู„ ุชุญุช ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ููŠ
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:05:04,970 --> 00:05:08,190
275
+ ุงู„ upper motor neuron ุดู„ู„ ุชุญุช ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:05:08,190 --> 00:05:12,450
279
+ ุงู„ lower motor neuron ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ูู‚ุท ุดู„ู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:05:12,450 --> 00:05:16,810
283
+ ูˆุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ deltoid muscle ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู†
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:05:16,810 --> 00:05:21,710
287
+ C5C5 ุณูŠุฌู…ู†ุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุตุงุฑ ุฏู…ุฌ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Anterior
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:05:21,710 --> 00:05:26,110
291
+ Horses ูู‚ุท ู„ุชู†ุดู„ุฏ ุงู„ู€ Toy ุจู…ูุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุชุญุช ููˆู‚
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:05:26,110 --> 00:05:31,890
295
+ ุดุบุงู„ 100% ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ Lower Motoneuron ู„ูŠุฌูŠ ู…ู† ุฃูŠู†
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:05:31,890 --> 00:05:36,770
299
+ ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ Lower Motoneuron ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู‡ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Anterior
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:05:36,770 --> 00:05:45,270
303
+ Horses ุจูŠุทู„ุน ุงู„ fibers ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู€
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:05:45,270 --> 00:05:52,510
307
+ Anterior Rootุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจุชุชุฌู‡ ู…ุน ุงู„ sensory fibers ููŠ
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:05:52,510 --> 00:06:04,910
311
+ sensory fibers ุชู…ุงู… ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุงู„ุขู† ุนู„ู‰ motor ู…ุง
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:06:04,910 --> 00:06:06,990
315
+ ุฑุงุญ ุฃูƒู…ู„ ุจุงู„ sensory ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ motor ุฑุงุญ
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:06:06,990 --> 00:06:10,770
319
+ ู†ูƒู…ู„ ุจุงู„ motor fibers ุงู„ motor fibers ุจุชุชุฌู‡ ููŠ ุงู„
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:06:10,770 --> 00:06:14,460
323
+ peripheral nerve motor fibersุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ muscle ุจุชุบุถูŠ
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:06:14,460 --> 00:06:21,560
327
+ ุงู„ muscle ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง anterior spinal root ู‡ุฐุง motor
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:06:21,560 --> 00:06:27,580
331
+ nerve fiber ู†ูุณ
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:06:27,580 --> 00:06:32,960
335
+ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ segment ุงู„ุจุนุฏู‡ ุชุทู„ุน ููŠ ุงู„ anterior
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:06:32,960 --> 00:06:38,660
339
+ root ุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ posterior root ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ู†ุง peripheral
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:06:38,660 --> 00:06:47,160
343
+ nerve ูˆุจูŠุบุถูˆู†ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆุงู„ู€ muscle fibers ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ู€
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:06:47,160 --> 00:06:51,720
347
+ anterior whole cells ุชุนุชุจุฑ lower motor neuron ุงู„ู€
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:06:51,720 --> 00:06:55,360
351
+ anterior root ุงู„ุฃุฒุฏุงุฏ lower motor neuron ุงู„ู€
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:06:55,360 --> 00:06:58,200
355
+ peripheral nerve lower motor neuron ุงู„ู€
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:06:58,200 --> 00:07:01,080
359
+ neuromuscular junction lower motor neuron ุงู„ู€
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:07:01,080 --> 00:07:03,920
363
+ muscle fibers lower motor neuron ููŠ ุงู„ู€ brain ุงู„ุณู…
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:07:03,920 --> 00:07:07,470
367
+ ู‡ูƒุฐุงุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุนูŠ ุนู†ุฏ ุจุฑู‡ู† ุงู„ุณู… ู„ูˆุฑ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:07:07,470 --> 00:07:09,910
371
+ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุงู„ู€ cranial nerve ู„ูˆุฑ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุงู„ู€
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:07:09,910 --> 00:07:11,770
375
+ neuromuscular junction ู„ูˆุฑ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุงู„ู€ muscle
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:07:11,770 --> 00:07:14,230
379
+ fibers ู„ูˆุฑ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ูˆุฑ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู†
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:07:14,230 --> 00:07:17,510
383
+ ุจุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ุงู…ุง ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุนูŠ ุนู†ุฏ ุจุฑู‡ู† ุงู„ุณู…
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:07:17,510 --> 00:07:21,310
387
+ ูˆุงู…ุง anterior hormone cells ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง ู†ุตู„ ู„ูˆูŠู† ู„ู„ู…ุณู„
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:07:21,310 --> 00:07:28,710
391
+ ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุญุฏุซ damage ู„ู„ Corticospinal tract ุนุณุจ
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:07:28,710 --> 00:07:33,400
395
+ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ุจุตูŠุฑ ุดู„ู„ ุชุญุช ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุฅุฐุง ููŠ ุฃุณู…ุงุนู‡
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:07:33,400 --> 00:07:37,580
399
+ ุงู„ูƒูˆุฑุจ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุทุจ ุฅุฐุง ููŠ brain above
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:07:37,580 --> 00:07:40,920
403
+ decassation ุฑุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ opposite side ุนู„ู‰ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:07:40,920 --> 00:07:44,500
407
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ opposite side ุทุจ ู…ุฑูŠู… ุตุงุฑ ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุญุงุฏุซุฉ ุฅุตุงุจุฉ
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:07:44,500 --> 00:07:50,800
411
+ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุงู†ู‚ุทุน ุงู„ nerveู…ูŠู† ุฑุงุญ ูŠู†ุดู„ุŸ ูู‚ุท ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉุŒ ุนู„ู‰
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:07:50,800 --> 00:07:54,460
415
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ูˆ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุงุชุฌุงู‡ุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉุŒ ุนู„ู‰
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:07:54,460 --> 00:07:57,900
419
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ side ูˆ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ level ุทุจ ููˆู‚ ุชุญุชู‡ ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู†
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:07:57,900 --> 00:08:01,680
423
+ ุณู„ูŠู…ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ lower motor neuron lesion
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:08:03,450 --> 00:08:07,570
427
+ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุจุชูŠุฌูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ anterior horn cells of the
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:08:07,570 --> 00:08:12,770
431
+ spinal cord ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจุชู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ .. ุจุชุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:08:12,770 --> 00:08:16,950
435
+ spinal cord ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ anterior root of the same
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:08:16,950 --> 00:08:21,300
439
+ side ุชุฑูˆุญ ู„ู„ peripheral nerveู„ู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ in the plate
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:08:21,300 --> 00:08:25,060
443
+ ูˆ ุจุชุบุฏูŠ ุงู„ muscle ุจุชุฑูˆุญ ู„ูŠู‡ ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ voluntary muscle
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:08:25,060 --> 00:08:29,540
447
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุญู…ุฑ ู‡ุฐุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง corticospinal tract ู‡ุฐุง above
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:08:29,540 --> 00:08:32,600
451
+ decassation ู‡ุฐุง below decassation ุงุณู…ู‡ lateral
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:08:32,600 --> 00:08:36,740
455
+ corticospinal tract ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฃุณูุฑ ู‡ูˆ anterior horn
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:08:36,740 --> 00:08:41,040
459
+ cells ู„ูˆ ูˆุฑุง motoneuron anterior root spinal nerve
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:08:41,040 --> 00:08:49,240
463
+ muscle fibers okay ู…ุนู†ุงู†ุงุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู„ุงุชุฑุงู„ ุงูˆ media
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:08:49,240 --> 00:08:53,200
467
+ corticonuclear retract ุงู†ุง ุดุฑุญุชู‡ ูˆุฑุณู…ุชู„ูƒูˆุง ูŠุง ุงู„
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:08:53,200 --> 00:08:57,000
471
+ media corticonuclear ุงูˆ ุจู„ุจุฑ retract give fibers
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:08:57,000 --> 00:09:01,340
475
+ to ocular motor nuclei ู…ู† ู‡ู…ุง ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ูˆุงู„ุฑุงุจุน
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:09:01,340 --> 00:09:07,760
479
+ ูˆุงู„ุณุงุฏุณ in the brain stem from both cerebral
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:09:07,760 --> 00:09:10,850
483
+ hemispheres ูŠุนู†ูŠ bilateralุฃู…ุง ุงู„ู€ Lateral
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:09:10,850 --> 00:09:16,070
487
+ Corticobulbar Tract ูŠุนุทูŠ ุฃุณู„ุญุฉ ู„ู€ Motor nuclei of
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:09:16,070 --> 00:09:20,490
491
+ cranial nerves ู…ู† ู‡ู…ุง TrigeminalุŒ Dorsal nucleus
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:09:20,490 --> 00:09:25,130
495
+ of Facial, Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, cranial
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:09:25,130 --> 00:09:29,950
499
+ accessory ุชู…ุงู… ู‡ู†ุง ุจุญุท ุจุณ ุตู„ุญูˆู‡ุง cranial accessory
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:09:29,950 --> 00:09:35,610
503
+ ุจุญุทูˆุงู‡ูƒ ุตู„ุญูˆู‡ุง cranial accessory ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุนุชุจุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:09:35,610 --> 00:09:38,730
507
+ both cerebral hemisphere ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ู…ู†ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† both
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:09:38,730 --> 00:09:43,070
511
+ cerebral hemisphere ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ ventral nucleus of
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:09:43,070 --> 00:09:46,330
515
+ facial nerve ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ lower quadrant of the
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:09:46,330 --> 00:09:51,710
519
+ face ูˆhyperglossal nucleus ุชุงุฎุฏ only from opposite
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:09:51,710 --> 00:09:52,730
523
+ cerebral hemisphere
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:10:00,250 --> 00:10:04,070
527
+ Lateral corticonuclear tract ู†ุดุฑุญู‡ู… ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:10:04,070 --> 00:10:07,590
531
+ ู…ู† ุจูŠุช ุงู„ cells ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆูŠู† ููŠ area 4 ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ู…ู†
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:10:07,590 --> 00:10:11,870
535
+ ูˆูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ lower one third of precentral gyrus ุงูˆ
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:10:11,870 --> 00:10:19,370
539
+ frontal loop ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงุชุฌู‡ ู„ ุงู„ corona ุฑุฏูŠุชู‡ุง ุจูŠู…ุฑ
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:10:19,370 --> 00:10:22,790
543
+ ููŠ ุงู„ apex ุงูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ gene of entamal capsule
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:10:22,790 --> 00:10:29,670
547
+ Descend in the brain stem ููŠ ุงู„ middle brainุจุนุฏ
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:10:29,670 --> 00:10:36,030
551
+ ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠู…ุฑ ู„ู„ bones ููŠ ุงู„ bones ุงู„ fiber ุณุจุนุฉ ุจุชุฑูˆุญ
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:10:36,030 --> 00:10:41,590
555
+ ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ motor nucleus of trigeminal ูˆุฏูˆุฑุณ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:10:41,590 --> 00:10:46,030
559
+ of facial ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠุชุฌู‡ ู„ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุง ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ุจูŠุนุทูŠ
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:10:46,030 --> 00:10:47,130
563
+ aglossopharyngeal
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:10:49,480 --> 00:10:54,160
567
+ ูˆVegas ูˆCranial axisuria ู„ู€ Ambiguous nucleus ูˆ
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:10:54,160 --> 00:11:00,100
571
+ ู„ู€Hypoglossal nucleus ุงู„ู€Hypoglossal nucleus
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:11:00,100 --> 00:11:03,540
575
+ ูˆDorsal
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:11:03,540 --> 00:11:07,600
579
+ nucleus of ..ุฃุณู ุงู„ู€Hypoglossal ูˆVentral nucleus
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:11:07,600 --> 00:11:11,460
583
+ of Fissure nerve ุจุงุฎุฏูˆุง from opposite side only
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:11:11,460 --> 00:11:16,100
587
+ ูˆุงู„ุจุงู‚ูŠู† ุจุงุฎุฏูˆุง ู…ู† ุงู„ both side ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ both
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:11:16,100 --> 00:11:23,780
591
+ sideุงู„ุชุฎู„ุต ู…ู† ุฎู„ุทุฉ ุงู„ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑูŠ ููŠ ู…ุตุฏุฑ
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:11:23,780 --> 00:11:27,940
595
+ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ุญุฑูƒุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Trigeminal, Dorsal
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:11:27,940 --> 00:11:31,780
599
+ Nucleus Facial, Glossopharyngeal, Vagus ูˆ Cranial
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:11:31,780 --> 00:11:36,390
603
+ Accessory ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู€ Ambiguous Nucleusof both
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:11:36,390 --> 00:11:40,410
607
+ sides ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ู…ู† ุงูŠู†ุŸ from both sides except the
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:11:40,410 --> 00:11:45,070
611
+ motor nuclei of ventral a facial ูˆ ุงู„ hypaglossal
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:11:45,070 --> 00:11:52,570
615
+ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ opposite side only function
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:11:52,570 --> 00:11:59,090
619
+ motor control of head and neck medial
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:11:59,090 --> 00:12:04,010
623
+ corticonuclear tract ุงูˆ corticobulbar tractุจุจุฏุง
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:12:04,010 --> 00:12:11,490
627
+ from motor cells present in area 8 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:12:11,490 --> 00:12:14,830
631
+ ุงู„ frontal loop ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ูƒูˆู†ุฌูŠุฌูŠุช I center
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:12:14,830 --> 00:12:18,870
635
+ ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุชู†ุฒู„ ููŠ ุงู„ู‚ุฑู† ุฑุงุฏูŠูŠุชุง ููŠ apex of
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:12:18,870 --> 00:12:23,050
639
+ internal capsule ุจู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ middle brainุจูŠุนุทูŠ
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:12:23,050 --> 00:12:27,670
643
+ fibers ู„ ุงู„ both sides ู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู€ oculomotor ูˆ
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:12:27,670 --> 00:12:33,570
647
+ ุงู„ุชุฑูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ูˆุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠู†ุฒู„ ู„ู„ pants ูˆุจูŠุนุทูŠ fibers ู„
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:12:33,570 --> 00:12:37,610
651
+ ุงู„ both sides ู„ู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ of abdocent nerve ูˆ ุงู„
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:12:37,610 --> 00:12:42,290
655
+ function ุชุจุนุชู‡ responsible for movement of both
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:12:42,290 --> 00:12:47,690
659
+ eye ู„ ุงู„ eye movementู‡ูˆ ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู„ุชุฑุงูƒุช ุนุดุงู† ุจุงู„ู…ุซุงู„
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:12:47,690 --> 00:12:51,890
663
+ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ media ุงู„ูˆุงุถุญ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ ุงู„ oculomotor ุฅุจุณู„ุงุชุฑุงู„
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:12:51,890 --> 00:12:57,450
667
+ ูƒูˆู†ุชุฑุงู„ุงุชุฑุงู„ ุงู„ trochlear ุฅุจุณู„ุงุชุฑุงู„ ูƒูˆู†ุชุฑุงู„ุงุชุฑุงู„
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:12:57,450 --> 00:13:01,690
671
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ abdossum ุฅุจุณู„ุงุชุฑุงู„ ูƒูˆู†ุชุฑุงู„ุงุชุฑุงู„ ู‡ู†ุง
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:13:01,690 --> 00:13:05,630
675
+ ุงู„hypogloss ุงู„ูˆุงุถุญ ุฃุฎุฏุช ูู‚ุท ุงู„ opposite side ูˆ ุงู„
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:13:05,630 --> 00:13:08,070
679
+ ventral nucleus of facial ุฃู‚ุฏุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ opposite
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:13:08,070 --> 00:13:12,430
683
+ side only ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุณุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ both side
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:13:12,430 --> 00:13:17,650
687
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ both sideclassification of the motor neuron
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:13:17,650 --> 00:13:22,810
691
+ lesion according to the location of lesion upper
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:13:22,810 --> 00:13:26,650
695
+ motor neuron lesion ูŠุนู†ูŠ specific ุงูˆ central ูˆูŠู†
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:13:26,650 --> 00:13:29,290
699
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ upper motor neuron ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุฑุงุญ
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:13:29,290 --> 00:13:34,690
703
+ ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู…ุง ููŠ corticonuclear tract ุงูˆ corticonuclear
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:13:34,690 --> 00:13:38,290
707
+ tract lower motor neuron lesion flaccid ุงูˆ
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:13:38,290 --> 00:13:42,250
711
+ peripheralุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ูˆูŠู† ุฑุงุญ ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุงู„ motor
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:13:42,250 --> 00:13:46,050
715
+ nuclei in the brainstem ุฃูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ motor nuclei in
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:13:46,050 --> 00:13:48,790
719
+ the spinal cord ููŠ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:13:48,790 --> 00:13:52,510
723
+ ุฃุตู„ ู„ูˆูŠู† ู„ู„ muscle according to affected limbs
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:13:52,510 --> 00:13:57,650
727
+ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† monoblasia ุดู„ู„ ุทุฑู ูˆุงุญุฏ right upper limb
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:13:57,650 --> 00:14:03,210
731
+ left upper limb right lower limb left lower limb
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:14:03,210 --> 00:14:08,570
735
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุดู„ู„ ุทุฑู ูˆุงุญุฏู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† hemiplegia ุดู„ุงู„ ู†ุตู
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:14:08,570 --> 00:14:12,650
739
+ ุทูˆู„ุฉ right hemiplegia left hemiplegia ุดู„ุงู„ ู†ุตู
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:14:12,650 --> 00:14:18,150
743
+ ุทูˆู„ุฉ right ุฃูˆ left paraplegia ุดู„ุงู„ ุณูู„ูŠ ุดู„ุงู„ ุณูู„ูŠ
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:14:18,150 --> 00:14:22,790
747
+ paraplegia triplegia ุดู„ุงู„ ุซู„ุงุซูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃุฌุช
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:14:22,790 --> 00:14:26,330
751
+ ุงุฑุตุงุตู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ break ุงู„ plexus ุนู…ู„ุช ุดู„ุงู„ ููŠ ุงู„
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:14:26,330 --> 00:14:29,790
755
+ upper limb ูˆ ุฃุฌุช ุดุถูŠุฉ ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู„ุญุธุฉ ููŠ spinal cord
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:14:29,790 --> 00:14:33,510
759
+ ุนู…ู„ุช ู‚ุทุฉ ู„ spinal cord ุนู…ู„ุช paraplegia ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ
760
+
761
+ 191
762
+ 00:14:33,510 --> 00:14:37,730
763
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจู‚ูˆู„ ุงูŠู‡ triplegiaุงู„ู€ quadriplegia ุฃุฌุช ุฑุตุงุตุฉ
764
+
765
+ 192
766
+ 00:14:37,730 --> 00:14:41,170
767
+ ู„ุฃ ุน ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุฃุนู„ู‰ ู…ู† ุงู„ thoracic ูˆ ุถุฑุจุช ุงู„ spinal
768
+
769
+ 193
770
+ 00:14:41,170 --> 00:14:43,650
771
+ cord ูƒู„ู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ cervical level ุฃู…ุง ู„ู„ุดู„ู„ ุงู„ุฑุจุนูŠ
772
+
773
+ 194
774
+ 00:14:43,650 --> 00:14:48,270
775
+ ุดู„ู„ ุฑุจุนูŠ ุฃูˆ ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู†ุฏู‡ GPS Guilian Bar Syndrome ุญุฏุซ
776
+
777
+ 195
778
+ 00:14:48,270 --> 00:14:53,570
779
+ ุงู„ุชู‡ุงุฑู ุงู„ุนุตุงุจูŠ ุงู„ุทุฑููŠุฉ ุฃุฏู‰ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฅูŠุด ุดู„ู„ ุฑุจุนูŠ ุงู„
780
+
781
+ 196
782
+ 00:14:53,570 --> 00:14:56,430
783
+ differential between the upper and lower motor
784
+
785
+ 197
786
+ 00:14:56,430 --> 00:14:59,170
787
+ neurons ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุจุดุฑุญู„ูƒูˆุง ุฅูŠุงู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ
788
+
789
+ 198
790
+ 00:14:59,170 --> 00:15:02,150
791
+ ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ููŠ ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน
792
+
793
+ 199
794
+ 00:15:02,150 --> 00:15:04,930
795
+ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ุถู…ุชู… ุจุฎูŠุฑ ูˆูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุฃู„ู ุนุงููŠุฉ
796
+
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@@ -0,0 +1,1661 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:05,230 --> 00:00:08,650
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:08,650 --> 00:00:15,990
7
+ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุญุงู„ูŠ ุฑุงุญ ุชูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ anatomy
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:15,990 --> 00:00:20,090
11
+ of the cranial nerves anatomy of the cranial nerves
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:20,090 --> 00:00:24,010
15
+ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชุทุฑู‚ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุชูŠู† ูƒู„ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฑุงุญ ู†ู‚ุณู…ู‡ุง ุฅู„ู‰
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:24,010 --> 00:00:30,370
19
+ ุฌุฒุฆูŠู† ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู…ู† anatomy and
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:30,370 --> 00:00:32,170
23
+ physiology of the cranial nerves
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:35,470 --> 00:00:39,110
27
+ ุงู„ู€ cranial nerves ู„ูŠุด ุณู…ูˆู‡ุง cranial nervesุŸ ู„ุฃู†
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:39,110 --> 00:00:42,630
31
+ ููŠู†ุง ุดูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ spinal nerves cranial nerves ุณู…ูˆู‡ุง
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:42,630 --> 00:00:46,410
35
+ cranial nerves ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ nerves ุงู„ exit ุฃูˆ ุงู„
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:46,410 --> 00:00:51,390
39
+ enters ุจุชุงุนู‡ุง ุจุชู†ููŠ ู„ cranial cavity ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:51,390 --> 00:00:58,430
43
+ foramen in the skull ููŠู†ุง twelve pairs of cranial
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:00:58,430 --> 00:01:02,690
47
+ nerves twelve pairs of cranial nerves ุจู†ู‚ุณู…ู‡ู… ุฅู„ู‰
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:03,600 --> 00:01:12,780
51
+ Pure Sensory Nerve ู…ู†ู‡ู… 12 ู†ูŠุฑู
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:12,780 --> 00:01:16,800
55
+ olfactory nerve for smell function
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:27,730 --> 00:01:32,850
59
+ ูˆุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู‡ูŠุฑูŠู†ุฌ ูˆ ุงู„ูˆุณุชูŠุจูˆู„ูˆ ูƒูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:32,850 --> 00:01:36,570
63
+ ู†ูŠุฑู ูˆ ุงู„ูˆุณุชูŠุจูˆู„ูˆ
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:36,570 --> 00:01:38,470
67
+ ูƒูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ู†ูŠุฑู ูˆ ุงู„ูˆุณุชูŠุจูˆู„ูˆ ูƒูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ู†ูŠุฑู
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:38,500 --> 00:01:42,600
71
+ Vestibulocochlear nerve are purely sensory nerve
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:42,600 --> 00:01:49,400
75
+ ุนุดุงู† ู†ุจุณุทู‡ุง ุฅู„ูƒู… ุจู†ุนุทูŠู‡ู… ุงู„ุฑู‚ู… 1 2 8 ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฑู‚ู… 1 2 8
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:49,400 --> 00:01:57,380
79
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ first olfactory nerve second ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ optic
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:57,380 --> 00:02:03,170
83
+ nerve ูˆุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู…ู† Vestibular ูˆ Trochlear nerves are
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:02:03,170 --> 00:02:07,670
87
+ purely sensory nerves ูˆ ู‡ูŠ purely special sensory
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:02:07,670 --> 00:02:13,590
91
+ nerves ุงูˆูƒูŠ ุงู‚ูˆู„ ุงู† motor nerve , Abducens nerve,
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:13,590 --> 00:02:19,050
95
+ Trochlear nerve , Accessory nerve and
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:19,050 --> 00:02:24,850
99
+ Hypoglossal nerve are purely motor nerves ูŠุจู‚ู‰
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:24,850 --> 00:02:31,840
103
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ูˆุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ูˆุงู„ุณุงุฏุณ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุนุดุฑ ูˆุซุงู†ูŠ
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:31,840 --> 00:02:38,360
107
+ ุนุดุฑ ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง ุงูŠู‡ purely motor
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:38,360 --> 00:02:44,540
111
+ nerves Trigeminal nerve ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฎุงู…ุณ
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:44,540 --> 00:02:49,820
115
+ Glossopharyngeal nerve ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน Facial nerve
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:49,820 --> 00:02:54,440
119
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุนุดุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ Glossopharyngeal nerve ุงู„ุนุตุจ
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:54,440 --> 00:02:58,190
123
+ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน ุขุณู ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน Glossopharyngeal nerve ูƒู…ุงู†
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:02:58,190 --> 00:03:04,150
127
+ ู…ุฑุฉ Trigeminal nerve Facial
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:03:04,150 --> 00:03:09,130
131
+ nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน Glossopharyngeal nerve
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:03:09,130 --> 00:03:14,650
135
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน Vagus nerve ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุนุงุดุฑ Trigeminal
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:14,650 --> 00:03:21,830
139
+ nerve Facial nerve Glossopharyngeal nerve Vagus
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:21,830 --> 00:03:26,700
143
+ nerve mixed nerve ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅูŠุด mixed nerveุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:26,700 --> 00:03:30,100
147
+ function ุชุจุนุชู‡ู… ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† motor sensory autonomic
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:30,100 --> 00:03:35,360
151
+ function ุจู†ุนุทูŠู‡ู… ุงู„ุฑู…ุฒ 10950
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:35,360 --> 00:03:39,720
155
+ ูˆ 70 ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฎุงู…ุณ ูˆุงู„ุณุจุน ูˆุงู„ุชุงุณุน ูˆุงู„ุนุงุดุฑ
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:39,720 --> 00:03:46,840
159
+ ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ mixed nerve ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:46,840 --> 00:03:54,030
163
+ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุฑุญ ู†ุชุทุฑู‚ ู„ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู…ู†
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:54,030 --> 00:03:59,410
167
+ ุฑุญ ู†ุชุทุฑู‚ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ .. Oculomotor nerve ูˆ Trochlear
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:59,410 --> 00:04:04,570
171
+ nerve ูˆ Abducens nerve ูˆ Trigeminal nerve ุฑุญ ู†ุงุฎุฏ
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:04:04,570 --> 00:04:08,930
175
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุฑุงุจุน ุณุงุฏุณ ูˆ ุงู„ุฎุงู…ุณ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:04:08,930 --> 00:04:10,130
179
+ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:04:17,480 --> 00:04:22,920
183
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุชุงุณุน ุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ู…ุนุงูƒู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:22,920 --> 00:04:30,960
187
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน ูˆุงู„ุชุงุณุน ูˆุงู„ุญุงุฏูŠ ุนุดุฑ ูˆุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุนุดุฑ ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:30,960 --> 00:04:35,220
191
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ special nerves ุงูˆ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ special
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:35,220 --> 00:04:38,280
195
+ sensation ููŠ ุงู„ special sensation ุฑุงุญ ุงุชุทุฑู‚ ู„ู„
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:38,280 --> 00:04:44,840
199
+ taste ูˆ vision ูˆ hearing ุชู…ุงู… ูˆ smell function ุฑุงุญ
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:44,840 --> 00:04:50,910
203
+ ุงุชุทุฑู‚ ู„๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝุนุตุงุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ olfactory nerve ุนุตุจ ูˆุงุญุฏ optic
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:50,910 --> 00:04:54,170
207
+ nerve ุนุตุจ ุงุชู†ูŠู† Vestibulocochlear nerve ุงู„ุนุตุจ
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:04:54,170 --> 00:04:58,330
211
+ ุงู„ุซุงู…ู† ูˆู‡ูŠูƒ ุจู†ูƒูˆู† ุฃู†ุฌุฒู†ุง ูƒู„ ุงู„ cranial nerves
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:04:58,330 --> 00:05:03,510
215
+ ุฌู…ุนุชู„ูƒู…
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:05:03,510 --> 00:05:09,070
219
+ ุงู„ cranial nerves ููŠ slide ูˆุงุญุฏ ุนุดุงู† ุฃุณู‡ู„ ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆ
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:05:09,070 --> 00:05:14,590
223
+ ู…ุซู„ ูƒุงุจุณูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูƒู†ุช ุชุงุฎุฏูˆู‡ุง ููŠ ุซุงู†ูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ ุชู…ุงู…
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:05:14,590 --> 00:05:20,540
227
+ ุงู„ classification of cranial nerves ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠ ุญุณุจ ุงู„
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:05:20,540 --> 00:05:26,980
231
+ name olfactory
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:26,980 --> 00:05:32,520
235
+ nerve ุฑู‚ู… ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ optic nerve ุงุชู†ูŠู†ุŒ and oculomotor
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:32,520 --> 00:05:37,670
239
+ nerve ุชู„ุงุชุฉ Trochlear nerve ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ Trigeminal nerve
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:37,670 --> 00:05:40,750
243
+ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† three branches Ophthalmic, Maxillary
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:40,750 --> 00:05:45,530
247
+ and Mandibular Abducens nerve ุณุชุฉ Facial nerve
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:45,530 --> 00:05:48,470
251
+ ุณุจุนุฉ Vestibulocochlear nerve ุชู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:05:48,470 --> 00:05:52,830
255
+ Glossopharyngeal nerve ุชุณุนุฉ ูˆ Vagus nerve ุนุดุฑุฉ
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:05:52,830 --> 00:05:57,530
259
+ Accessory nerve ุงุญุฏุงุดุฑ Hypoglossal nerve ุงุชู†ุงุดุฑ
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:05:57,530 --> 00:06:02,490
263
+ ู‡ูŠูƒูŠ ุงู„ุฃุณู…ุงุก ุชุจุนุชู‡ู… ู…ุฑุชุจูˆู‡ู… ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุชุฑุชูŠุจ ุญุณุจ ุงู„ exit
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:06:02,490 --> 00:06:07,110
267
+ from the brain ุญุณุจ ุงู„ exit from the brain ู„ุงู† ู†ุดูˆู
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:06:07,110 --> 00:06:13,170
271
+ ูƒูŠู ุงู„ exit ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ function ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ู… ุงู„
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:13,170 --> 00:06:16,210
275
+ function ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ cranial nerves olfactory nerve ุงุณู…
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:16,210 --> 00:06:20,310
279
+ ุงู„ function ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ optic nerve vision ู„ู„ู†ุธุฑ
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:20,310 --> 00:06:24,990
283
+ Oculomotor nerve ูˆ Trochlear nerve ูˆ Abducens nerve
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:24,990 --> 00:06:28,710
287
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ูˆุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ูˆุงู„ุณุงุฏุณ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ Ocular nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:06:28,710 --> 00:06:32,570
291
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ eye movement ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… motor
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:06:32,570 --> 00:06:36,270
295
+ functions ู†ุฑุฌุน ู„ Trigeminal nerve mixed nerve
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:06:36,270 --> 00:06:40,780
299
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ three branches Ophthalmic branch purely
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:06:40,780 --> 00:06:45,660
303
+ sensory Maxillary branch purely sensory Mandibular
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:06:45,660 --> 00:06:49,660
307
+ branch sensory and motor mixed okay Facial nerve
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:06:49,660 --> 00:06:53,960
311
+ mixed nerve Vestibulocochlear nerve ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:06:53,960 --> 00:06:58,260
315
+ a sensory pure sensory for a functional hearing
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:06:58,260 --> 00:07:01,270
319
+ hearing and balance Vestibular function
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:01,270 --> 00:07:05,090
323
+ Glossopharyngeal nerve ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ Mixed Vagus
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:05,090 --> 00:07:09,170
327
+ nerve Mixed Accessory nerve ุจู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† cranial
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:07:09,170 --> 00:07:12,010
331
+ accessory and Spinal accessory ูŠุนุชุจุฑ motor
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:07:12,010 --> 00:07:17,090
335
+ ูˆ Hypoglossal nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุญุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงูŠู‡ ุจูŠุณู…ูŠ
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:07:17,090 --> 00:07:22,770
339
+ motor nerve motor nerve ุงู„ site of the nucleus ููŠ
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:07:22,770 --> 00:07:25,750
343
+ ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ุณู‡ู„ุฉ ุงุจุณุทู„ูƒูˆุง ุงูŠู‡ู… ู„ู„ site of the nucleus
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:07:25,750 --> 00:07:43,540
347
+ ุจู†ู‚ุณู…ู‡ู… ู„ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:07:43,540 --> 00:07:43,700
351
+ ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:07:43,700 --> 00:07:45,880
355
+ ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:07:45,880 --> 00:07:46,380
359
+ ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:07:46,380 --> 00:07:48,840
363
+ ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:07:48,840 --> 00:07:51,780
367
+ ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจ
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:07:52,800 --> 00:07:57,420
371
+ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Occipital lobe ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุงุซู†ูŠู†
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:07:57,420 --> 00:08:04,060
375
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ Cerebral hemisphere ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:08:04,060 --> 00:08:07,500
379
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ Cerebral hemisphere ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุงุซู†ูŠู†
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:08:07,500 --> 00:08:12,360
383
+ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆู†ุง ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ Cerebral hemisphere ูˆ ู…ู†
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:08:12,360 --> 00:08:19,880
387
+ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ู„ุงุซู†ุง ุนุดุฑ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ุงูˆ ุจุฏุฎู„ูˆุง ู…ู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ Brainstem
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:08:22,700 --> 00:08:27,680
391
+ ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ olfactory nerve Temporal lobe optic
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:08:27,680 --> 00:08:34,760
395
+ nerve Occipital lobe ู†ุฌูŠ ู„ุฃูŠู‡ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:08:34,760 --> 00:08:39,080
399
+ Oculomotor Midbrain ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ Cerebral hemisphere
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:08:39,080 --> 00:08:46,640
403
+ Midbrain ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน Midbrain ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ุงุฑุจุนุฉ
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:08:46,640 --> 00:08:47,240
407
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ู…
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:08:52,660 --> 00:08:57,860
411
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฎุงู…ุณ Pons ูˆููŠ exception ุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ุง
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:08:57,860 --> 00:09:05,880
415
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุฏุณ Pons ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน Pons ููŠ exception
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:09:05,880 --> 00:09:10,380
419
+ ูˆุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู…ู† Pons ููŠ exception ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ู„ุงุฑุจุนุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:09:10,380 --> 00:09:21,180
423
+ ุจุนุฏู‡ู… ุงูŠู‡ ุจู‚ู‰ ูŠุง ุนุฒูŠุฒูŠุŸ ุงู„ุงุฑุจุนุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ู… ุงู„ุชุงุณุน
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:09:22,880 --> 00:09:27,700
427
+ Medulla oblongata ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:09:27,700 --> 00:09:33,700
431
+ ู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ู… ุงู„ุชุงุณุน Medulla oblongata ุงู„ุนุงุดุฑ Medulla
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:09:33,700 --> 00:09:39,240
435
+ oblongata ุงู„ุญุงุฏูŠ ุนุดุฑ Medulla oblongata ููŠู‡ุง exception
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:09:39,240 --> 00:09:46,320
439
+ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุนุดุฑ Medulla oblongata ูŠุฌุจ ุงู† ู†ู„ุงุญุธ ุงู† ุงูˆู„ ุงุซู†ูŠู†
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:09:46,320 --> 00:09:51,280
443
+ ููŠ ุงู„ Cerebral hemisphere ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ู… ุงุซู†ูŠู† Mid
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:09:51,280 --> 00:09:57,230
447
+ brain ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ู… ุงุฑุจุนุฉ Pons ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ู… ุงุฑุจุนุฉ
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:09:57,230 --> 00:10:01,750
451
+ Medulla oblongata ู„ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฑุชุจูˆู‡ู… ุจุงู„ุชุฑุชูŠุจ ู‡ุฐุง
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:10:01,750 --> 00:10:07,290
455
+ okay Opening in the skull Opening in the skull
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:10:07,290 --> 00:10:13,330
459
+ olfactory nerve Cribriform plate of ethmoid bone
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:10:14,100 --> 00:10:19,360
463
+ optic nerve ูŠุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ Oculomotor nerve ูˆ
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:10:19,360 --> 00:10:23,940
467
+ Trochlear nerve Ophthalmic branch ูˆ Trigeminal nerve
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:10:23,940 --> 00:10:28,320
471
+ Abducens nerve ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ Superior orbital fissure
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:10:28,320 --> 00:10:32,600
475
+ ู†ุฑุฌุน ู„ุชrigeminal nerve Maxillary nerve Rotundum
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:10:32,600 --> 00:10:37,380
479
+ foramen Mandibular nerve Oval foramen Facial
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:10:37,380 --> 00:10:41,520
483
+ nerve ูŠุฎุฑุฌ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ Internal auditory meatus ูˆ
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:10:41,520 --> 00:10:46,200
487
+ ูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู„ุงู„ Stylomastoid foramen ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู…ู† ููŠ
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:10:46,200 --> 00:10:49,790
491
+ Vestibulocochlear ูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู„ Internal auditory meatus ูˆ
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:10:49,790 --> 00:10:53,990
495
+ ... ุฃูˆ canal ูˆ ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ููŠ ุงู„ Inner ear ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:10:53,990 --> 00:10:59,010
499
+ ุงู„ Glossopharyngeal ูˆ Vagus ูˆ Accessory nerve
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:10:59,010 --> 00:11:03,450
503
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ 11 ูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ Jugular foramen ูˆ
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:11:03,450 --> 00:11:07,910
507
+ Hypoglossal nerve ุงู„ุนุตุจ 12 ูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู„ Hypoglossal
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:11:07,910 --> 00:11:14,050
511
+ canal ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู†ุง ุจูƒูˆู† ุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒู… ุงู„ cranial nerves ู…ู†
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:11:14,050 --> 00:11:17,910
515
+ ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงุณู…ุงุฆู‡ู… ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุชุฑุชูŠุจู‡ู… ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:11:17,910 --> 00:11:21,770
519
+ function ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ location of the nucleus ูˆ
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:11:21,770 --> 00:11:25,930
523
+ Opening in the skull ุงู…ุง ุงู„ exit ุงูˆ ุงู„ enters
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:11:25,930 --> 00:11:34,350
527
+ ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ู‡ูŠู‡ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุนุตุจ Olfactory ุฑู‚ู… ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู„
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:11:34,350 --> 00:11:38,750
531
+ Temporal lobe ุงุซู†ูŠู† Optic nerve ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู„ Occipital
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:11:38,750 --> 00:11:39,030
535
+ lobe
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:11:41,760 --> 00:11:47,620
539
+ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ Oculomotor nerve ู…ู† ุงู„ Midbrain ุงุฑุจุนุฉ Trochlear
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:11:47,620 --> 00:11:52,320
543
+ nerve ู…ู† ุงู„ Midbrain ุฎู…ุณุฉ Trigeminal nerve ู…ู† ุงู„
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:11:52,320 --> 00:11:58,000
547
+ Pons ุณุชุฉ Abducens nerve ู…ู† ุงู„ Pons ุณุจุนุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุฑูˆุช
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:11:58,000 --> 00:12:02,860
551
+ ุณุจุนุฉ ุฃูˆ ุฎู…ุณุฉ Facial nerve ู…ู† ุงู„ Pons ุซู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:12:02,860 --> 00:12:08,220
555
+ Vestibulocochlear nerve ู…ู† ุงู„ Pons ู…ู† ุงู„ Posterior
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:12:08,220 --> 00:12:11,700
559
+ lateral sulcus of Medulla oblongata ุชุณุนุฉ
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:12:11,700 --> 00:12:18,260
563
+ Glossopharyngeal ุนุดุฑุฉ Vagus Accessory ุงู„ู€ two
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:12:18,260 --> 00:12:22,700
567
+ root one root ู…ู† ุงู„ Medulla oblongata Cranial root ูˆ
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:12:22,700 --> 00:12:28,890
571
+ ุงู„ Spinal root ู…ู† Spinal cord ุชู…ุงู… ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ู† ุงู„
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:12:28,890 --> 00:12:30,950
575
+ Posterior lateral sulcus of Medulla oblongata ุงู„
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:12:30,950 --> 00:12:34,830
579
+ 11 ูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ Anterior lateral sulcus of Medulla
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:12:34,830 --> 00:12:41,010
583
+ oblongata ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ุนู†ุฏูŠ 12 ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ุญุธู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ 4 ูˆ ู‡ูŠ
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:12:41,010 --> 00:12:45,070
587
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ 4 ู‡ุฐูˆู„ Medulla oblongata ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุชุญุช ูˆ ุงุฑุจุนุฉ
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:12:45,070 --> 00:12:49,290
591
+ ููˆู‚ู‡ู… ู…ู† ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ Pons ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุฃุณู
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:12:49,290 --> 00:12:53,190
595
+ ุงู„ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ Midbrain ูˆ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:12:53,190 --> 00:12:58,170
599
+ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ุงู†ูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ Occipital ูˆ Temporal lobe ูˆ ู‡ุฐู‡
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:12:58,170 --> 00:13:01,370
603
+ ุงู„ุชู‚ุณูŠู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู†ุง ุฑุณู…ุชู‡ุง ู„ูƒู… ููŠ ุงู„ cranial
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:13:01,370 --> 00:13:04,410
607
+ nerves ู‡ูŠูƒ ุง๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝุง ุจูƒูˆู† ู„ุฎุตู„ูƒู… ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ cranial nerves
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:13:04,410 --> 00:13:10,200
611
+ ููŠ two slides ูˆ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุฑุงุญ ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ูƒู„
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:13:10,200 --> 00:13:19,540
615
+ nerve ู„ูˆุญุฏู‡ ุนู† ูƒู„ nerve ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ูˆุญุฏู‡ ุงู„ุงู†
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:13:19,540 --> 00:13:24,540
619
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุงู„ Olfactory nerve ุฑุงุญ ุงุชุทุฑู‚ ู„ู‡ ููŠ
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:13:24,540 --> 00:13:28,760
623
+ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฎู„ุงู„ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุฃุณุงุจูŠุน ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ special
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:13:28,760 --> 00:13:36,610
627
+ sensation ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ Optic nerve ุฑุงุญ ุฃุทุฑู‚ ู„ู‡ ููŠ
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:13:36,610 --> 00:13:39,950
631
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ special sensation ู„ ุงู„
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:13:39,950 --> 00:13:44,430
635
+ vision ูˆ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู…ู† ุฑุงุญ ุฃุทุฑู‚ ู„ู‡ ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ููŠ
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:13:44,430 --> 00:13:49,530
639
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ special senses ู„ Hearing and balance ูˆ
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:13:49,530 --> 00:13:54,410
643
+ ุจุนุฏู‡ู… ู‡ู†ุง ุฑุงุญ ุฃุจุฏุฃ ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ูˆุงู„ุฑุงุจุน
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:13:54,410 --> 00:13:59,170
647
+ ูˆุงู„ุณุงุฏุณ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฑู‚ู…
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:13:59,170 --> 00:14:02,510
651
+ ุซู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุงูˆู„ ุดูŠุก ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ general
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:14:02,510 --> 00:14:07,690
655
+ information about the cranial nerves ูˆุงู„ุงู† ุฑุงุญ
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:14:07,690 --> 00:14:11,670
659
+ ุฃุจุฏุฃ ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ Ocular nerves ู…ูŠู† ู‡ู… ุงู„ Ocular
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:14:11,670 --> 00:14:16,810
663
+ nerves ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ Oculomotor nerve ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:14:16,810 --> 00:14:21,860
667
+ Trochlear nerve ูˆ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุฏุณ Abducens nerve Okay
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:14:21,860 --> 00:14:26,400
671
+ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู…ู† ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:14:26,400 --> 00:14:32,500
675
+ Trigeminal nerve Trigeminal nerve ุงู„ุขู† ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:14:32,500 --> 00:14:37,120
679
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุฑุงุจุน ูˆ ุณุงุฏุณ Ocular nerves ู„ูŠู‡ ุณู…ูˆู‡ู…
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:14:37,120 --> 00:14:43,700
683
+ Ocular nerves ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ู‡ู… ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจ eye movement ุจ eye
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:14:43,700 --> 00:14:48,870
687
+ movement ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุงุณู…ู‡ Oculomotor nerve
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:14:48,870 --> 00:14:52,170
691
+ ุงูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ Oculomotor nerve ู„ูˆ ุชุฑุฌู…ู†ุงู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:14:52,170 --> 00:14:57,590
695
+ ุงู„ู„ุงุชูŠู†ูŠุฉ ู†ู‚ุตุฏ ููŠู‡ุง eye and moving eye and moving
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:14:57,590 --> 00:15:02,050
699
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ูˆุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู† Function of the Oculomotor
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:15:02,050 --> 00:15:08,870
703
+ nerve ุงูˆู„ Function ู„ู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ motor motor ูŠุนู†ูŠ
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:15:08,870 --> 00:15:13,380
707
+ motor somatic motor somatic ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ุงูŠุด ุจู‚ุตุฏ ููŠ
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:15:13,380 --> 00:15:18,560
711
+ somatic motor ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ Skeletal muscles ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:15:18,560 --> 00:15:23,280
715
+ ุงูŠู‡ Skeletal muscles ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู†ุง ุจุชุญูƒู… ููŠู‡ู… ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:15:23,280 --> 00:15:26,280
719
+ ู…ู„ุงุฒู…ุฉ ุจุงู„ movement of the eyeball
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:15:29,050 --> 00:15:33,390
723
+ Autonomic Function Parasympathetic Function ุงู„ู„ูŠ
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:15:33,390 --> 00:15:36,750
727
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ Pupillary reaction ูˆ ุงุญู†ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ููŠ
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:15:36,750 --> 00:15:40,230
731
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ introduction Autonomic Nervous System
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:15:40,230 --> 00:15:44,490
735
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจ Smooth muscle and glands ูˆ Smooth
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:15:44,490 --> 00:15:48,530
739
+ muscles ุงู†ุง ู…ุงุจุชุญูƒู… ููŠู‡ ูŠู„ุง ุทุงู„ุจ ุงูˆ ุทุงู„ุจุฉ ูŠุฌูŠ ููŠ
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:15:48,530 -->
743
+
744
+ 201
745
+ 00:16:55,400 --> 00:16:59,140
746
+ Parasympathetic function ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ู€ oculomotor
747
+
748
+ 202
749
+ 00:16:59,140 --> 00:17:03,760
750
+ nerve ูƒู…ุงู† motorุŒ ูƒู…ุงู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ MotorุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€
751
+
752
+ 203
753
+ 00:17:03,760 --> 00:17:06,960
754
+ Parasympathetic ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ุง motorุŒ ูˆุงู„somatic ูƒู…ุงู†
755
+
756
+ 204
757
+ 00:17:06,960 --> 00:17:12,320
758
+ motorุŒ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠูŠู† motor ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุชู… ู†ุณุจ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุฅู„ู‰
759
+
760
+ 205
761
+ 00:17:12,320 --> 00:17:17,140
762
+ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ุนุตุงุจ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒูŠุฉ ุฅุฐู† ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ purely
763
+
764
+ 206
765
+ 00:17:17,140 --> 00:17:21,400
766
+ motor nerve ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ somatic function ุชุจุนุชู‡
767
+
768
+ 207
769
+ 00:17:21,400 --> 00:17:24,860
770
+ ุจุบุฐูŠ ุงู„ู€ skeletal muscles ู‡ุฏูˆู„ motor function ูˆ
771
+
772
+ 208
773
+ 00:17:24,860 --> 00:17:28,080
774
+ ุงู„ุจุงุฑุง sympathetic function ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ ุจุบุฐูŠ ูƒู…ุงู† smooth
775
+
776
+ 209
777
+ 00:17:28,080 --> 00:17:34,720
778
+ muscles ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุนุชุจุฑ motor function ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡
779
+
780
+ 210
781
+ 00:17:34,720 --> 00:17:40,170
782
+ Trochlear nerve ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุนุŒ ุงู„ู€ function ุชุจุนุชู‡
783
+
784
+ 211
785
+ 00:17:40,170 --> 00:17:45,410
786
+ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉุŒ ุงูŠุด ู‡ูŠุŸ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ู‡ู†ุง superior
787
+
788
+ 212
789
+ 00:17:45,410 --> 00:17:50,070
790
+ oblique muscleุŒ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุฃูŠ ุนุถู„ุฉุŸ superior oblique
791
+
792
+ 213
793
+ 00:17:50,070 --> 00:17:51,650
794
+ muscleุŒ ุฑูˆุญ ุงุชุฑู‚ ุฅู„ูŠู‡ุง ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ function
795
+
796
+ 214
797
+ 00:17:51,650 --> 00:17:57,920
798
+ ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ุง ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุฏุณ abducens nerveุŒ ู…ู† .. ู„ูŠู‡ ุณู…ุงู‡
799
+
800
+ 215
801
+ 00:17:57,920 --> 00:18:02,420
802
+ abducens nerveุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ abduction ู„ู„ุฃูŠู‡ุŸ ุจูŠุนู…ู„
803
+
804
+ 216
805
+ 00:18:02,420 --> 00:18:06,280
806
+ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ abduction ู„ู„ู€ ุฃุชุฑุงู„ูŠุฉุŒ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ lateral
807
+
808
+ 217
809
+ 00:18:06,280 --> 00:18:10,200
810
+ rectus muscle ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ู€ lateral rectus muscle ุชุนู…ู„
811
+
812
+ 218
813
+ 00:18:10,200 --> 00:18:14,040
814
+ abduction ู„ู„ู€ ุฃุชุฑุงู„ูŠุฉุŒ ู‡ู†ุง ุทู„ุนุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู†ุŒ ุญุฑูƒุช
815
+
816
+ 219
817
+ 00:18:14,040 --> 00:18:18,080
818
+ ุนูŠู† ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ู„ุขุฎุฑ ุดูŠุกุŒ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู† ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุงุชุญุฑูƒุช ุงู„ู€
819
+
820
+ 220
821
+ 00:18:18,080 --> 00:18:21,800
822
+ lateral rectus muscle ูˆุดุฏุชู‡ุง ู„ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ู„ู€ lateral
823
+
824
+ 221
825
+ 00:18:21,800 --> 00:18:27,730
826
+ direction ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุณู…ูŠ abducens nerveุŒ ุทุจ ุณุคุงู„ ุฃุฎูŠุฑ ููŠ
827
+
828
+ 222
829
+ 00:18:27,730 --> 00:18:31,810
830
+ ุงู„ู€ slide ู‡ุฐุง ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑุŒ ุงู†ุช ู‚ู„ุช ุงู† ูƒู„ู‡ู… motor ูˆุงู„ู‡ู…
831
+
832
+ 223
833
+ 00:18:31,810 --> 00:18:35,130
834
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ eye movingุŒ ุงู„ู€ abducens nerve ุจูŠุญุฑูƒ ุงู„ุนูŠู†
835
+
836
+ 224
837
+ 00:18:35,130 --> 00:18:38,890
838
+ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ trochlear nerve ุจูŠุญุฑูƒ ุงู„ุนูŠู†ุŒ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ abducens
839
+
840
+ 225
841
+ 00:18:38,890 --> 00:18:42,930
842
+ nerve ุจูŠุญุฑูƒ ุงู„ุนูŠู†ุŒ ู„ูŠู‡ ุณู…ุงู‡ ู‡ุฐุง oculomotor eye eye
843
+
844
+ 226
845
+ 00:18:42,930 --> 00:18:48,730
846
+ movingุŸ ุณู…ูˆู‡ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุฒุนูŠู…ุŒ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุฒุนูŠู… ูˆ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช
847
+
848
+ 227
849
+ 00:18:48,730 --> 00:18:52,530
850
+ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุนุถู„ุงุชุŒ ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ู€ trochlear nerve ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุนุถู„ุฉ
851
+
852
+ 228
853
+ 00:18:52,530 --> 00:18:56,970
854
+ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉุŒ Superior oblique muscleุŒ abducens nerve ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ
855
+
856
+ 229
857
+ 00:18:56,970 --> 00:19:01,730
858
+ ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉุŒ ุงู„ู€ oculomotor nerve ุชุจุนูˆุง ู…ุนุงูŠุงุŒ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ
859
+
860
+ 230
861
+ 00:19:01,730 --> 00:19:06,170
862
+ ูƒุงู… ุนุถู„ุฉุŸ ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ูƒู„ ุงุญุชุฑุงู… ู„ู„ู€ oculomotor nerve
863
+
864
+ 231
865
+ 00:19:06,170 --> 00:19:10,310
866
+ ุณู…ูˆู‡ oculomotor nerveุŒ eye and movingุŒ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ levator
867
+
868
+ 232
869
+ 00:19:10,310 --> 00:19:16,430
870
+ palpebrae superiorisุŒ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ superior rectus muscle
871
+
872
+ 233
873
+ 00:19:16,430 --> 00:19:22,250
874
+ ุงุชู†ูŠู†ุŒ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ inferior rectus muscleุŒ ุซู„ุงุซุฉุŒ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ
875
+
876
+ 234
877
+ 00:19:22,250 --> 00:19:27,650
878
+ medial rectus muscleุŒ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉุŒ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ inferior whatุŸ
879
+
880
+ 235
881
+ 00:19:27,650 --> 00:19:32,950
882
+ oblique muscleุŒ ุฎุงู…ุณุฉุŒ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ciliary muscleุŒ smooth
883
+
884
+ 236
885
+ 00:19:32,950 --> 00:19:37,290
886
+ muscleุŒ ุณุชุฉุŒ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ sphincter pupillae muscle ุฃูˆ
887
+
888
+ 237
889
+ 00:19:37,290 --> 00:19:40,910
890
+ constrictor pupillae muscleุŒ ุณุจุนุฉุŒ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุณุจุน ุนุถู„ุงุช
891
+
892
+ 238
893
+ 00:19:40,910 --> 00:19:45,810
894
+ ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ู„ู‚ุจูˆู‡ ุจุงู„ู„ู‚ุจ ูˆุนุทูˆู‡ ูˆุณุงู…ุŒ ู„ู‚ุจ oculomotor
895
+
896
+ 239
897
+ 00:19:45,810 --> 00:19:49,950
898
+ nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฃูƒุชุฑ nerve ุฃูˆ ุฃูƒุจุฑ nerve ุจูŠุญุฑูƒ ุงู„ู€ ุนูŠู†
899
+
900
+ 240
901
+ 00:19:49,950 --> 00:19:55,730
902
+ ูˆูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ oculomotor nerveุŒ ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ุขู† ุจู€ oculomotor
903
+
904
+ 241
905
+ 00:19:55,730 --> 00:20:02,260
906
+ nerveุŒ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุณู‡ู„ ุตุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุนุŒ ูƒู„ ุดูŠ ุงู†ุดุฑุญ ุงู„ูŠูƒู…ุŒ ุงูˆูƒู„ูˆ
907
+
908
+ 242
909
+ 00:20:02,260 --> 00:20:07,580
910
+ motor nerveุŒ it is purely motor nerveุŒ purely motor
911
+
912
+ 243
913
+ 00:20:07,580 --> 00:20:13,460
914
+ nerveุŒ somatic motor ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ skeletal muscle and
915
+
916
+ 244
917
+ 00:20:13,460 --> 00:20:16,580
918
+ autonomic motor ุฃูˆ parasympathetic motorุŒ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ
919
+
920
+ 245
921
+ 00:20:16,580 --> 00:20:21,420
922
+ ุนุถู„ุงุช ู…ู„ุณุงุก ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู€ parasympathetic fibers ูŠุจู‚ู‰
923
+
924
+ 246
925
+ 00:20:21,420 --> 00:20:28,740
926
+ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ pure motor nerveุŒ ู‡ูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ุงุซู†ูŠู†ุŒ arises from
927
+
928
+ 247
929
+ 00:20:28,740 --> 00:20:34,260
930
+ the anterior surface of midbrainุŒ ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู†
931
+
932
+ 248
933
+ 00:20:34,260 --> 00:20:38,080
934
+ ุงู„ู€ anterior surface of midbrainุŒ ุงุชูุฑุน ุงุซู†ูŠู†
935
+
936
+ 249
937
+ 00:20:38,080 --> 00:20:41,600
938
+ ุงุซู†ูŠู†ุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุงุซู†ูŠู†ุŒ ุจุนุฏู‡ู… ุฑู‚ู… ุซู„ุงุซุฉุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู†ู‡ุง
939
+
940
+ 250
941
+ 00:20:41,600 --> 00:20:44,960
942
+ ุฑุงุญ ุชูƒูˆู† ุซู„ุงุซุฉุŒ ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ midbrain ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ anterior
943
+
944
+ 251
945
+ 00:20:44,960 --> 00:20:51,740
946
+ surface of midbrainุŒ ุจุนุฏู‡ enter the orbitุŒ ุจูŠููˆุช ููŠ
947
+
948
+ 252
949
+ 00:20:51,740 --> 00:20:58,270
950
+ ุงู„ู€ orbit ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ Superior Orbital FissureุŒ Superior
951
+
952
+ 253
953
+ 00:20:58,270 --> 00:21:02,710
954
+ Orbital FissureุŒ ูˆู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ูŠุตู„ ู„ู€ Superior Orbital
955
+
956
+ 254
957
+ 00:21:02,710 --> 00:21:07,430
958
+ FissureุŒ ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ Cavernous SinusุŒ ุฃุฎุฏู†ุง ุงุณู…ู‡
959
+
960
+ 255
961
+ 00:21:07,430 --> 00:21:10,650
962
+ ุงู„ูƒุงูุฑู†ูˆุณุŒ Cavernous SinusุŒ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† Dural Venous
963
+
964
+ 256
965
+ 00:21:10,650 --> 00:21:14,850
966
+ SinusุŒ ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉุŒ oculomotor nerve ูŠุนุชุจุฑ purely motor
967
+
968
+ 257
969
+ 00:21:14,850 --> 00:21:19,370
970
+ nerveุŒ ุชุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุตุงุฏุฑุŒ ู…ุตุงุฏุฑ ุณูˆู…ุงุชูŠูƒูŠุฉุŒ ูˆู…ุตุงุฏุฑุŒ ู…ุตุงุฏุฑ
971
+
972
+ 258
973
+ 00:21:19,370 --> 00:21:27,330
974
+ ุจุงุฑุง ุณูŠู…ุจุงุชุงุชูŠูƒูŠุฉุŒ ุชุชุฎู„ุต ู…ู† ุฎุฏู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู… ู…ู† ุงู„ู‚ู„ุนุจ
975
+
976
+ 259
977
+ 00:21:27,330 --> 00:21:34,430
978
+ ุงู„ู…ุชูˆุณุท ุซู… ุชุชุฌู‡ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุฏุฑุงู† ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ูˆุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠ ู…ู†
979
+
980
+ 260
981
+ 00:21:34,430 --> 00:21:40,250
982
+ ุงู„ู€ sinus ุงู„ูƒุงููŠุฑู†ุณุŒ and enters the orbit through the
983
+
984
+ 261
985
+ 00:21:40,250 --> 00:21:44,750
986
+ superior orbital a fissureุŒ superior orbital
987
+
988
+ 262
989
+ 00:21:44,750 --> 00:21:50,370
990
+ fissure ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ sphenoid boneุŒ ู‡ุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
991
+
992
+ 263
993
+ 00:21:50,370 --> 00:21:59,130
994
+ oculomotor nerveุŒ ู‡ุงูŠ left oculomotor nerveุŒ ูˆู‡ูŠ a right
995
+
996
+ 264
997
+ 00:21:59,740 --> 00:22:05,580
998
+ oculomotor nerveุŒ ุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ventral ุฃูˆ
999
+
1000
+ 265
1001
+ 00:22:05,580 --> 00:22:13,080
1002
+ anterior surface of midbrainุŒ okayุŒ ุจูŠู…ุฑ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู‚ู„ู†ุง
1003
+
1004
+ 266
1005
+ 00:22:13,080 --> 00:22:17,440
1006
+ ู‡ูŠ cavernous sinusุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ left ูˆู‡ุฐุง rightุŒ ู‡ูŠ
1007
+
1008
+ 267
1009
+ 00:22:17,440 --> 00:22:21,540
1010
+ oculomotor nerveุŒ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุชุงู„ุชุŒ ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ upper
1011
+
1012
+ 268
1013
+ 00:22:21,540 --> 00:22:27,380
1014
+ lateral wall of the cavernous sinusุŒ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ trochlear
1015
+
1016
+ 269
1017
+ 00:22:27,380 --> 00:22:35,260
1018
+ nerve ุจูŠู…ุฑ ู‡ูŠููŠ ุงู„ู€ upper wall of lateralุŒ ูˆุงู„ู€
1019
+
1020
+ 270
1021
+ 00:22:35,260 --> 00:22:39,100
1022
+ abducens nerve ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ medialุŒ ุชุญุช ุงู„ู€ internal
1023
+
1024
+ 271
1025
+ 00:22:39,100 --> 00:22:41,860
1026
+ carotidุŒ ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ thalamic branchุŒ ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ trigeminal
1027
+
1028
+ 272
1029
+ 00:22:41,860 --> 00:22:46,860
1030
+ ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lower lateralุŒ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ maxillary branch ุชุจุน
1031
+
1032
+ 273
1033
+ 00:22:46,860 --> 00:22:50,620
1034
+ ุงู„ู€ trigeminalุŒ ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lateral wallุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lower
1035
+
1036
+ 274
1037
+ 00:22:50,620 --> 00:22:54,580
1038
+ partุŒ ู‡ุฐุง lower part lateralุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐุง upper part
1039
+
1040
+ 275
1041
+ 00:22:54,580 --> 00:22:57,640
1042
+ lateralุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ MedialุŒ ูˆุงู†ุชูˆุง ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุงู„ู€
1043
+
1044
+ 276
1045
+ 00:22:57,640 --> 00:23:01,670
1046
+ structures ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ cavernous sinusุŸ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ oculomotor
1047
+
1048
+ 277
1049
+ 00:23:01,670 --> 00:23:05,610
1050
+ nerveุŒ ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุชุงู„ุชุŒ trochlear nerveุŒ ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุนุŒ ุงู„ู€ first
1051
+
1052
+ 278
1053
+ 00:23:05,610 --> 00:23:08,050
1054
+ branchุŒ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ second branch ุจุชุงุนูŠ ู†ุชุฑุงุฌู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ nerve
1055
+
1056
+ 279
1057
+ 00:23:08,050 --> 00:23:11,990
1058
+ of thalamic and maxillary nerveุŒ ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุนุตุจ
1059
+
1060
+ 280
1061
+ 00:23:11,990 --> 00:23:15,770
1062
+ ุงู„ุณุงุฏุณุŒ abducens nerveุŒ ูˆ internal carotid artery
1063
+
1064
+ 281
1065
+ 00:23:25,970 --> 00:23:30,070
1066
+ branches of oculomotor nerveุŒ ุงู„ู€ oculomotor nerve
1067
+
1068
+ 282
1069
+ 00:23:30,070 --> 00:23:34,650
1070
+ ู„ู‡ two branchesุŒ ู„ู‡ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ two branchesุŒ superior
1071
+
1072
+ 283
1073
+ 00:23:34,650 --> 00:23:39,730
1074
+ divisionุŒ superior divisionุŒ supply to muscles
1075
+
1076
+ 284
1077
+ 00:23:39,730 --> 00:23:46,150
1078
+ levator palpebrae superiorisุŒ levator palpebrae
1079
+
1080
+ 285
1081
+ 00:23:46,150 --> 00:23:50,310
1082
+ superiorุŒ ุฅุฐุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง ุชุฑูุน ุฌูู† ุงู„ุนูŠู† ู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ูˆู„ูˆ
1083
+
1084
+ 286
1085
+ 00:23:50,310 --> 00:23:54,270
1086
+ ุงุตุงุจ ุฏู…ุฌ ุงู„ูŠู‡ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ptosisุŒ ุงูŠุด ุงุณู…ู‡ุงุŸ
1087
+
1088
+ 287
1089
+ 00:23:54,270 --> 00:23:58,890
1090
+ ptosisุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุณู‚ูˆุท ููŠ ุงู„ุฌูู†ุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
1091
+
1092
+ 288
1093
+ 00:23:58,890 --> 00:24:01,290
1094
+ ุนูŠู†ู‡ ุจุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉุŒ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠู…ูŠู† ุนู†ุฏูŠุŒ ู‡ุงู„ุฌุชุฉ ุงูŠุด ุนู†ุฏูŠ
1095
+
1096
+ 289
1097
+ 00:24:01,290 --> 00:24:06,870
1098
+ ู‡ุงู„ุฌุชุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ptosisุŒ ุงู„ุฌูู† ู†ุงุฒู„ุŒ okay
1099
+
1100
+ 290
1101
+ 00:24:06,870 --> 00:24:12,950
1102
+ superior rectus muscleุŒ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ุง ู„ุงุญู‚ุงู‹ุŒ ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ู€
1103
+
1104
+ 291
1105
+ 00:24:12,950 --> 00:24:18,130
1106
+ inferior division ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุบุฐูŠู‡ุงุŸ medial rectus muscle
1107
+
1108
+ 292
1109
+ 00:24:18,130 --> 00:24:24,150
1110
+ inferior rectus muscleุŒ ูˆ inferior oblique muscle
1111
+
1112
+ 293
1113
+ 00:24:24,150 --> 00:24:28,730
1114
+ ุทูŠุจ ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ superior oblique muscleุŸ trochlear
1115
+
1116
+ 294
1117
+ 00:24:28,730 --> 00:24:32,910
1118
+ nerveุŒ ุทุจ ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ lateral rectus muscleุŸ abducens
1119
+
1120
+ 295
1121
+ 00:24:32,910 --> 00:24:39,310
1122
+ nerveุŒ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง skeletal muscleุŒ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ skeletal
1123
+
1124
+ 296
1125
+ 00:24:39,310 --> 00:24:47,740
1126
+ musclesุŒ ูˆ ุขุฎุฑ ุงุซู†ุชูŠู†ุŒ constrictor pupillae muscleุŒ ูˆ
1127
+
1128
+ 297
1129
+ 00:24:47,740 --> 00:24:50,720
1130
+ ciliary muscleุŒ ciliary muscle ู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€
1131
+
1132
+ 298
1133
+ 00:24:50,720 --> 00:24:54,300
1134
+ accommodationุŒ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ constrictor pupillae muscle ู„ู‡ุง
1135
+
1136
+ 299
1137
+ 00:24:54,300 --> 00:24:57,640
1138
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ light reflexุŒ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ู„ูˆ ุทู„ุนู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุถูˆุก ููŠ
1139
+
1140
+ 300
1141
+ 00:24:57,640 --> 00:25:01,200
1142
+ ุดู…ุณุŒ ุฃูˆู„ ู…ุง ุจู†ุนู…ู„ู‡ ุจู†ุบู…ุถ ุนูŠู†ูŠู†ุง ุดูˆูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุดู…ุณ ู„ุฃู†
1143
+
1144
+ 301
1145
+ 00:25:01,200 --> 00:25:04,080
1146
+ ุงู„ู€ ุจุคุจุค ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ุธู„ุงู… ูˆุงุณุนุŒ ู„ู…ุง ุจุทู„ุน ููŠ ุงู„ุดู…ุณ ุจุฏู‡
1147
+
1148
+ 302
1149
+ 00:25:04,080 --> 00:25:06,860
1150
+ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงูŠู‡ ู„ุญุฌู…ู‡ุŸ ูŠุตุบุฑุŒ ุงู„ู€ light ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู†ุง
1151
+
1152
+ 303
1153
+ 00:25:06,860 --> 00:25:09,880
1154
+ constriction ู„ู„ู€ pupilุŒ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู†ุง contraction ู„ู„ู€
1155
+
1156
+ 304
1157
+ 00:25:09,880 --> 00:25:15,230
1158
+ constrictor pupillae muscleุŒ ุจูŠุตุบุฑุŒ ุงู„ุนูƒุณ ุตุญูŠุญุŒ ู„ูˆ ุทู„ุนู†ุง
1159
+
1160
+ 305
1161
+ 00:25:15,230 --> 00:25:19,710
1162
+ ู…ู† ุถูˆุก ู„ุธู„ุงู…ุŒ ุจู†ุจุทู„ ู†ุดูˆูุŒ ุจุฏู†ุง .. ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุชูˆุณุน
1163
+
1164
+ 306
1165
+ 00:25:19,710 --> 00:25:22,190
1166
+ ุงู„ู€ ุจุคุจุค .. ุงู„ุจุคุจุคุŒ ุจุคุจุค ุชุนุงู„ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠุŒ ุชูˆุณุน ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
1167
+
1168
+ 307
1169
+ 00:25:22,190 --> 00:25:25,370
1170
+ sympathetic nervous systemุŒ ุฑุงุญ ุฃุทุฑู‚ ู„ู‡ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ
1171
+
1172
+ 308
1173
+ 00:25:25,370 --> 00:25:29,070
1174
+ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ุŒ ุงูŠู‡ ุจุฌุงู†ุจุŸ ุนู†ุฏ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ู€ constrictor ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ู€
1175
+
1176
+ 309
1177
+ 00:25:29,070 --> 00:25:33,850
1178
+ muscleุŒ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ ciliary muscleุŒ smooth musclesุŒ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ู€
1179
+
1180
+ 310
1181
+ 00:25:33,850 --> 00:25:36,470
1182
+ smooth muscles ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
1183
+
1184
+ 311
1185
+ 00:25:36,470 --> 00:25:42,370
1186
+ parasympathetic nervous systemุŒ ูˆ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ู€ skeletal
1187
+
1188
+ 312
1189
+ 00:25:42,370 --> 00:25:45,970
1190
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ somatic fibers
1191
+
1192
+ 313
1193
+ 00:25:47,170 --> 00:25:50,950
1194
+ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู…ุŸ ุงู†ู‡ ุงู†ุง ุจุชุญูƒู… ููŠ ุงู„ู€ skeletal
1195
+
1196
+ 314
1197
+ 00:25:50,950 --> 00:25:54,610
1198
+ musclesุŒ ุจุญุฑูƒู‡ู…ุŒ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู€ somatic nervesุŒ ุขุณูุŒ ุงู„ู€
1199
+
1200
+ 315
1201
+ 00:25:54,610 --> 00:25:59,190
1202
+ smooth muscles ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู€ parasympathetic
1203
+
1204
+ 316
1205
+ 00:25:59,190 --> 00:26:02,570
1206
+ nervous systemุŒ ุงู†ุง ู…ุง ุจุชุญูƒู… ููŠู‡ู…ุŒ ู…ุง ุจุชุญูƒู…ุด ููŠู‡ู…ุŒ
1207
+
1208
+ 317
1209
+ 00:26:02,570 --> 00:26:09,890
1210
+ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุญุฑูƒุชู‡ู… ู„ุง ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู†ุŒ ุญุฑูƒุชู‡ู… ู„ุง ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุฉุŒ ู‡ุงูŠ
1211
+
1212
+ 318
1213
+ 00:26:09,890 --> 00:26:15,230
1214
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุจุชูˆุถุญ ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ branches of the oculomotor
1215
+
1216
+ 319
1217
+ 00:26:15,230 --> 00:26:20,710
1218
+ nerveุŒ ุงู„ู€ oculomotor nerve ู„ู‡ two branchesุŒ superior
1219
+
1220
+ 320
1221
+ 00:26:20,710 --> 00:26:28,850
1222
+ branchุŒ ู‡ูŠ superior branch supply superior rectus
1223
+
1224
+ 321
1225
+ 00:26:28,850 --> 00:26:35,890
1226
+ muscle and levator palpebrae superiorisุŒ ูˆ inferior
1227
+
1228
+ 322
1229
+ 00:26:35,890 --> 00:26:41,790
1230
+ branch supply medial rectus muscleุŒ inferior rectus
1231
+
1232
+ 323
1233
+ 00:26:41,790 --> 00:26:46,500
1234
+ muscle and inferior oblique muscleุŒ ูˆู…ุนู‡ู… ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
1235
+
1236
+ 324
1237
+ 00:26:46,500 --> 00:26:52,580
1238
+ parasympathetic fibersุŒ ู„ู„ุงูƒูˆู„ุงู…ูˆุชุฑ ู†ูŠุฑูุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡
1239
+
1240
+ 325
1241
+ 00:26:52,580 --> 00:26:56,360
1242
+ autonomicุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชุบุฐูŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ุง ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุฉุŒ ุจุชุฑูˆุญ
1243
+
1244
+ 326
1245
+ 00:26:56,360 --> 00:27:00,260
1246
+ ู„ุณูŠู„ุงุฑูŠ muscleุŒ ุจุชุนู…ู„ relayุŒ ูˆู…ู† ุงู„ุณูŠู„ุงุฑูŠ muscle
1247
+
1248
+ 327
1249
+ 00:27:00,260 --> 00:27:04,260
1250
+ ุจุชุบุฐูŠ ู„ู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุจุชุฑูˆุญ ู„ุณูŠู„ุงุฑูŠ ganglionุŒ ูˆู…ู†
1251
+
1252
+ 328
1253
+ 00:27:04,260 --> 00:27:08,020
1254
+ ุงู„ุณูŠู„ุงุฑูŠ ganglion ุจุชุบุฐูŠ to muscle ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง
1255
+
1256
+ 329
1257
+ 00:27:08,020 --> 00:27:09,220
1258
+ ุณูŠู„ุงุฑูŠ
1259
+
1260
+ 330
1261
+ 00:27:11,290 --> 00:27:15,690
1262
+ muscleุŒ ูˆุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง constrictor pupillae muscle
1263
+
1264
+ 331
1265
+ 00:27:15,690 --> 00:27:19,070
1266
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ blood supply ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ nerve supply
1267
+
1268
+ 332
1269
+ 00:27:19,070 --> 00:27:23,570
1270
+ ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ู€ oculomotor nerveุŒ nerve supply of the
1271
+
1272
+ 333
1273
+ 00:27:23,570 --> 00:27:35,470
1274
+ oculomotor nerve ุจุงุฎุชุตุงุฑ
1275
+
1276
+ 334
1277
+ 00:27:35,470 --> 00:27:43,270
1278
+ the oculomotor nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฒุนูŠู…ุŒ supply all of
1279
+
1280
+ 335
1281
+ 00:27:43,270 --> 00:27:49,350
1282
+ the intra and extraocular musclesุŒ ุงู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ุฃุชูƒู„ู…
1283
+
1284
+ 336
1285
+ 00:27:49,350 --> 00:27:53,150
1286
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ intraocular musclesุŒ ุงู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ smooth
1287
+
1288
+ 337
1289
+ 00:27:53,150 --> 00:27:57,030
1290
+ muscles ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ autonomic fibersุŒ ุงู…ุง
1291
+
1292
+ 338
1293
+ 00:27:57,030 --> 00:28:00,790
1294
+ parasympathetic ูˆุฅู…ุง sympatheticุŒ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ extraocular
1295
+
1296
+ 339
1297
+ 00:28:00,790 --> 00:28:04,510
1298
+ muscles ู‡ู… skeletal musclesุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ oculomotor
1299
+
1300
+ 340
1301
+ 00:28:04,510 --> 00:28:08,850
1302
+ nerves ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ูƒู„ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠุฉ ู…ุง
1303
+
1304
+ 341
1305
+ 00:28:08,850 --> 00:28:14,390
1306
+ ุนุฏุง ู…ุง ุนุฏุง superior oblique muscleุŒ superior
1307
+
1308
+ 342
1309
+ 00:28:14,390 --> 00:28:18,070
1310
+ oblique muscleุŒ superior oblique muscle ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู†
1311
+
1312
+ 343
1313
+ 00:28:18,070 --> 00:28:23,250
1314
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุนุŒ trochlear nerveุŒ lateral rectus muscle
1315
+
1316
+ 344
1317
+ 00:28:23,250 --> 00:28:29,200
1318
+ ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุฏุณุŒ abducens nerveุŒ ูˆ dilator
1319
+
1320
+ 345
1321
+ 00:28:29,200 --> 00:28:33,240
1322
+ pupillae muscle ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ sympathetic nervous
1323
+
1324
+ 346
1325
+ 00:28:33,240 --> 00:28:36,940
1326
+ systemุŒ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ุง ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ anatomy and
1327
+
1328
+ 347
1329
+ 00:28:36,940 --> 00:28:41,100
1330
+ physiology of the autonomic nervous systemุŒ ู„ุฐู„ูƒ
1331
+
1332
+ 348
1333
+ 00:28:41,100 --> 00:28:45,100
1334
+ ุณู…ูŠ oculomotorุŒ ุจูŠุญุฌู„ู‡ู… ูŠุณู…ูˆุง oculomotorุŒ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุณุจุน
1335
+
1336
+ 349
1337
+ 00:28:45,100 --> 00:28:50,760
1338
+ ุนุถู„ุงุช ู„ูˆุญุฏู‡ุŒ ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„
1339
+
1340
+ 350
1341
+ 00:28:50,760 --> 00:28:58,150
1342
+ ู„ู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุนุŒ Trochlear nerveุŒ it is purely motor
1343
+
1344
+ 351
1345
+ 00:28:58,150 --> 00:29:05,650
1346
+ nerveุŒ ู…ุงููŠ ุฎู„ุงูุŒ ู‡ุงูŠ ูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู†ุŸ exit ุชุจุนู‡ from the
1347
+
1348
+ 352
1349
+ 00:29:05,650 --> 00:29:14,700
1350
+ posterior ุฃูˆ dorsal surface of midbrainุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ ุงู„ู€
1351
+
1352
+ 353
1353
+ 00:29:14,700 --> 00:29:20,960
1354
+ function ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ุŒ supply only one muscleุŒ superior
1355
+
1356
+ 354
1357
+ 00:29:20,960 --> 00:29:25,280
1358
+ oblique muscleุŒ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ูˆ ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉุŒ superior oblique
1359
+
1360
+ 355
1361
+ 00:29:25,280 --> 00:29:28,760
1362
+ muscleุŒ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ site of the nucleus ููŠ ุงู„ู€ midbrain
1363
+
1364
+ 356
1365
+ 00:29:28,760 --> 00:29:33,400
1366
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ segment of midbrainุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
1367
+
1368
+ 357
1369
+ 00:29:33,400 --> 00:29:38,300
1370
+ midbrainุŒ ู‡ูŠ ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุนุŒ ุทูŠุจ enters the orbit
1371
+
1372
+ 358
1373
+ 00:29:38,300 --> 00:29:42,160
1374
+ through the superior orbital fissureุŒ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€
1375
+
1376
+ 359
1377
+ 00:29:42,160 --> 00:29:47,160
1378
+ oculomotorุŒ ูˆุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lateral wall of
1379
+
1380
+ 360
1381
+ 00:29:47,160 --> 00:29:51,520
1382
+ cavernous sinusุŒ ู…ุซู„ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุซู„ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ู€ oculomotor
1383
+
1384
+ 361
1385
+ 00:29:51,520 --> 00:29:57,680
1386
+ nerveุŒ ุชุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุฎุชู„ู ุนู† ุงู„ู€ oculomotor
1387
+
1388
+ 362
1389
+ 00:29:57,680 --> 00:30:01,580
1390
+ nerve ุงู† ู‡ูˆ smallest nerveุŒ ุงุตุบุฑ nerveุŒ ุงู„ู€ cranial
1391
+
1392
+ 363
1393
+ 00:30:01,580 --> 00:30:07,290
1394
+ nerveุŒ ูˆุงู†ู‡ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ posterior surface of the
1395
+
1396
+ 364
1397
+ 00:30:07,290 --> 00:30:10,990
1398
+ midbrainุŒ ุงู„ู€ oculomotor ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ anterior surface ุบูŠุฑ
1399
+
1400
+ 365
1401
+ 00:30:10,990 --> 00:30:15,770
1402
+ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู†ู‡ supply only muscleุŒ only one muscle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
1403
+
1404
+ 366
1405
+ 00:30:15,770 --> 00:30:21,710
1406
+ superior oblique muscleุŒ ูˆ arises from posterior
1407
+
1408
+ 367
1409
+ 00:30:21,710 --> 00:30:26,890
1410
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ surface of midbrainุŒ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ oculomotor ุจุฎุฑุฌ
1411
+
1412
+ 368
1413
+ 00:30:26,890 --> 00:30:30,810
1414
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ ventral surface of midbrainุŒ ู‡ุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1415
+
1416
+ 369
1417
+ 00:30:30,810 --> 00:30:32,850
1418
+ ุงู„ู€ oculo .. ุงู„ู€ trochlear nerve ุจูŠุฌูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
1419
+
1420
+ 370
1421
+ 00:30:32,850 --> 00:30:35,350
1422
+ posterior surfaceุŒ ูˆ ุจูŠู„ู ู„ู„ุฃู…ุงู… ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
1423
+
1424
+ 371
1425
+ 00:30:35,350 --> 00:30:40,910
1426
+ posterior surfaceุŒ ูˆ ุจูŠู„ู ู„ู„ุฃู…ุงู…ุŒ ู‡ูŠุนุชุจุฑ a pure
1427
+
1428
+ 372
1429
+ 00:30:40,910 --> 00:30:45,110
1430
+ motor nerveุŒ ูˆู‡ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุงุตุบุฑ nerve ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ cranial
1431
+
1432
+ 373
1433
+ 00:30:45,110 --> 00:30:45,370
1434
+ nerve
1435
+
1436
+ 374
1437
+ 00:30:51,000 --> 00:30:57,260
1438
+ ู‡ูŠูˆ ุจูŠููˆุช ู„ู†ุง ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู€ superior orbital fissureุŒ ู‡ูŠูˆ
1439
+
1440
+ 375
1441
+ 00:30:57,260 --> 00:31:04,360
1442
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ trochlear nerveุŒ supply ุฏูŠ superior oblique
1443
+
1444
+ 376
1445
+ 00:31:04,360 --> 0
1446
+
1447
+ 401
1448
+ 00:33:01,060 --> 00:33:04,500
1449
+ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุชุนู…ู„ adduction ู„ู„ุขูŠุฉุŒ ุงู„ lateral rectus muscle
1450
+
1451
+ 402
1452
+ 00:33:04,500 --> 00:33:07,560
1453
+ ุชุนู…ู„ abduction ู„ู„ุขูŠุฉุŒ ุงู„ medial rectus muscle ุชุนู…ู„
1454
+
1455
+ 403
1456
+ 00:33:07,560 --> 00:33:11,990
1457
+ adduction ู„ู„ุขูŠุฉsuperior rectus muscle ุจุชุนู…ู„
1458
+
1459
+ 404
1460
+ 00:33:11,990 --> 00:33:15,930
1461
+ elevation ู„ู„ุนูŠ superior ุจุชุฑูุน ุงู„ุนูŠู† ู„ููˆู‚ inferior
1462
+
1463
+ 405
1464
+ 00:33:15,930 --> 00:33:20,110
1465
+ rectus muscle ุจุชุนู…ู„ depression ู„ู„ุนูŠ inferiorly ู†ุฌูŠ
1466
+
1467
+ 406
1468
+ 00:33:20,110 --> 00:33:24,490
1469
+ ู„ู„ oblique superior oblique ุนูˆุฌุฉ ุงู„ superior
1470
+
1471
+ 407
1472
+ 00:33:24,490 --> 00:33:27,790
1473
+ oblique ุจุชู„ู ุงู„ุนูŠู† ู„ุชุญุช ุจุชุนู…ู„ depression ู„ู„ุนูŠ
1474
+
1475
+ 408
1476
+ 00:33:27,790 --> 00:33:33,110
1477
+ inferior oblique muscle ุจุชุนู…ู„ elevation ู„ู„ุนูŠ ุจุชุฑูุน
1478
+
1479
+ 409
1480
+ 00:33:33,110 --> 00:33:37,260
1481
+ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ู„ููˆู‚ ุนูƒุณ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ oblique ุทูŠุจููŠ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ
1482
+
1483
+ 410
1484
+ 00:33:37,260 --> 00:33:41,760
1485
+ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆู‡ุง ุงู„ recti muscle ุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ elevation ูˆ ุงู„
1486
+
1487
+ 411
1488
+ 00:33:41,760 --> 00:33:44,920
1489
+ depression ูƒู…ุงู† ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง adduction ู„ู„ I ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ
1490
+
1491
+ 412
1492
+ 00:33:44,920 --> 00:33:49,960
1493
+ ู‚ู„ู†ุงู„ูƒ superior rectus muscle ุจุชุนู…ู„ elevation ู…ุน
1494
+
1495
+ 413
1496
+ 00:33:49,960 --> 00:33:54,500
1497
+ adduction inferior rectus muscle ุจุชุนู…ู„ depression
1498
+
1499
+ 414
1500
+ 00:33:54,500 --> 00:33:58,960
1501
+ ู…ุน adduction superior oblique muscle ุจุชุนู…ู„
1502
+
1503
+ 415
1504
+ 00:33:58,960 --> 00:34:03,960
1505
+ elevation ู…ุน adduction inferior oblique muscle
1506
+
1507
+ 416
1508
+ 00:34:03,960 --> 00:34:09,320
1509
+ superior oblique muscle ุชุนู…ู„ depression ู…ุน
1510
+
1511
+ 417
1512
+ 00:34:09,320 --> 00:34:14,660
1513
+ abduction depression ู…ุน abduction inferior oblique
1514
+
1515
+ 418
1516
+ 00:34:14,660 --> 00:34:18,880
1517
+ muscle ุชุนู…ู„ elevation ู…ุน abduction ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ
1518
+
1519
+ 419
1520
+ 00:34:18,880 --> 00:34:23,760
1521
+ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุทุจ levator palpebrae superioris
1522
+
1523
+ 420
1524
+ 00:34:23,760 --> 00:34:29,820
1525
+ ุจุชุฑูุน ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุนูŠู† ู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช lateral
1526
+
1527
+ 421
1528
+ 00:34:31,910 --> 00:34:39,430
1529
+ rectus muscle medial rectus muscle ู†ุฌุญุงู† inferior
1530
+
1531
+ 422
1532
+ 00:34:39,430 --> 00:34:47,190
1533
+ rectus muscle superior rectus muscle superior
1534
+
1535
+ 423
1536
+ 00:34:47,190 --> 00:34:55,210
1537
+ oblique muscle inferior oblique muscle levator
1538
+
1539
+ 424
1540
+ 00:34:58,710 --> 00:35:04,090
1541
+ palpebrae superioris ุฃูˆ ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ุง elevator palpebrae
1542
+
1543
+ 425
1544
+ 00:35:04,090 --> 00:35:07,470
1545
+ superioris ุฃูˆ elevator palpebrae superioris ู†ูุณ
1546
+
1547
+ 426
1548
+ 00:35:07,470 --> 00:35:12,770
1549
+ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุฃูˆ elevator palpebrae superioris
1550
+
1551
+ 427
1552
+ 00:35:14,280 --> 00:35:18,240
1553
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุนูŠู† ูˆุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ููŠ ุนุถู„ุชูŠู† smooth
1554
+
1555
+ 428
1556
+ 00:35:18,240 --> 00:35:21,800
1557
+ ุฃูˆ ุซู„ุงุซ ุนุถู„ุงุช smooth, ciliary muscle ูˆ constrictor
1558
+
1559
+ 429
1560
+ 00:35:21,800 --> 00:35:24,080
1561
+ pupillae muscle ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ู…ู† ุงู„ oculomotor nerve
1562
+
1563
+ 430
1564
+ 00:35:24,080 --> 00:35:27,880
1565
+ ูˆููŠ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุงุณู…ุฉ dilator pupillae muscle ุจุชูˆุณุน ุจู‚ุจู‡
1566
+
1567
+ 431
1568
+ 00:35:27,880 --> 00:35:35,620
1569
+ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† sympathetic nervous system okay ู‡ุฐู‡
1570
+
1571
+ 432
1572
+ 00:35:35,620 --> 00:35:40,260
1573
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก slide ุจูŠูˆุถุญู„ู†ุง ุงู„ eye muscles
1574
+
1575
+ 433
1576
+ 00:35:40,260 --> 00:35:46,200
1577
+ extraocular musclesูˆู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ direction ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ eye
1578
+
1579
+ 434
1580
+ 00:35:46,200 --> 00:35:53,020
1581
+ movement ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ abduction ู‡ุฐุง ู„ู„ุฏุงุฎู„ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู„ู„ุฎุงุฑุฌ
1582
+
1583
+ 435
1584
+ 00:35:53,020 --> 00:35:56,900
1585
+ ู‡ุฐุง depression ู„ุชุญุช ูˆ elevation ู„ููˆู‚ ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง media
1586
+
1587
+ 436
1588
+ 00:35:56,900 --> 00:36:00,000
1589
+ rectus muscle abduction lateral rectus muscle
1590
+
1591
+ 437
1592
+ 00:36:00,000 --> 00:36:04,520
1593
+ abduction superior rectus muscle elevation ู…ุน
1594
+
1595
+ 438
1596
+ 00:36:04,520 --> 00:36:08,760
1597
+ abduction inferior rectus muscle depression ู…ุน
1598
+
1599
+ 439
1600
+ 00:36:08,760 --> 00:36:12,300
1601
+ abduction superior oblique muscle ุงู„ุนูƒุณุงู†
1602
+
1603
+ 440
1604
+ 00:36:13,350 --> 00:36:17,010
1605
+ depression ู…ุน abduction ูˆ inferior oblique muscle
1606
+
1607
+ 441
1608
+ 00:36:17,010 --> 00:36:21,370
1609
+ elevation ู…ุน abduction ุงู„ oblique ุจุนูƒุณู‡ ุงู„
1610
+
1611
+ 442
1612
+ 00:36:21,370 --> 00:36:24,650
1613
+ superior ุจุชุนู…ู„ inferior ุงูˆ depression ูˆ ุงู„
1614
+
1615
+ 443
1616
+ 00:36:24,650 --> 00:36:29,310
1617
+ inferior ุจุชุนู…ู„ elevation ู‡ุฐู‡ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู…
1618
+
1619
+ 444
1620
+ 00:36:29,310 --> 00:36:36,170
1621
+ ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช abduction ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„ู‡ุง
1622
+
1623
+ 445
1624
+ 00:36:36,170 --> 00:36:40,230
1625
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ lateral rectus muscle abduction ู…ูŠู†
1626
+
1627
+ 446
1628
+ 00:36:40,230 --> 00:36:44,980
1629
+ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู‡ุงุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ medial rectus muscle ู†ุฌูŠ ู„ุชุญุช
1630
+
1631
+ 447
1632
+ 00:36:44,980 --> 00:36:49,860
1633
+ depression ู…ุน adduction inferior rectus muscle ุชู…ุงู…
1634
+
1635
+ 448
1636
+ 00:36:49,860 --> 00:36:54,420
1637
+ elevation ู…ุน adduction superior rectus muscle
1638
+
1639
+ 449
1640
+ 00:36:55,250 --> 00:36:58,890
1641
+ Elevation ู…ุน abduction inferior oblique muscle
1642
+
1643
+ 450
1644
+ 00:36:58,890 --> 00:37:02,650
1645
+ Depression ู…ุน abduction superior oblique muscle
1646
+
1647
+ 451
1648
+ 00:37:02,650 --> 00:37:10,050
1649
+ ุงุญู†ุง ุฑุงุฌุนู†ุง ูƒู„ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ุงู† ูˆ ุจูƒุชููŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุฆูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰
1650
+
1651
+ 452
1652
+ 00:37:10,050 --> 00:37:12,890
1653
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู…ู†ู‡ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ ocular nerves
1654
+
1655
+ 453
1656
+ 00:37:12,890 --> 00:37:16,870
1657
+ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฑุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ trigeminal
1658
+
1659
+ 454
1660
+ 00:37:16,870 --> 00:37:17,130
1661
+ nerves
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/36g1963YLUU_raw.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,1828 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:05,230 --> 00:00:08,650
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:08,650 --> 00:00:15,990
7
+ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุญุงู„ูŠ ุฑุงุญ ุชูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ anatomy
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:15,990 --> 00:00:20,090
11
+ of cranial nerves anatomy of the cranial nerves
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:20,090 --> 00:00:24,010
15
+ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชุทุฑู‚ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุชูŠู† ูƒู„ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฑุงุญ ู†ู‚ุณู…ู‡ุง ุฅู„ู‰
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:24,010 --> 00:00:30,370
19
+ ุฌุฒุฆูŠู† ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู…ู† anatomy and
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:30,370 --> 00:00:32,170
23
+ physiology of the cranial nerves
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:35,470 --> 00:00:39,110
27
+ ุงู„ู€ cranial nerves ู„ูŠุด ุณู…ูˆู‡ุง cranial nervesุŸ ู„ุฃู†
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:39,110 --> 00:00:42,630
31
+ ููŠู†ุง ุดูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ spinal nerves cranial nerves ุณู…ูˆู‡ุง
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:42,630 --> 00:00:46,410
35
+ cranial nerves ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ nerves ุงู„ exit ุฃูˆ ุงู„
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:46,410 --> 00:00:51,390
39
+ enters ุจุชุงุนู‡ุง ุจุชู†ููŠ ู„ cranial cavity ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:51,390 --> 00:00:58,430
43
+ formula in the skull ููŠู†ุง twelve pairs of cranial
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:00:58,430 --> 00:01:02,690
47
+ nerves twelve pairs of cranial nerves ุจู†ู‚ุณู…ู‡ู… ุฅู„ู‰
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:03,600 --> 00:01:12,780
51
+ Pure Sensory Nerve ุงู„ู‡ู… 128 ู…ู†ู‡ู…
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:12,780 --> 00:01:16,800
55
+ ุงู„ููƒุชูˆุฑูŠ ู†ูŠุฑู for smell function
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:27,730 --> 00:01:32,850
59
+ ูˆุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู‡ูŠุฑูŠู†ุฌ ูˆ ุงู„ูˆุณุชูŠุจูˆู„ูˆ ูƒูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:32,850 --> 00:01:36,570
63
+ ู†ูŠุฑู ูˆ ุงู„ูˆุณุชูŠุจูˆู„ูˆ
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:36,570 --> 00:01:38,470
67
+ ูƒูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ู†ูŠุฑู ูˆ ุงู„ูˆุณุชูŠุจูˆู„ูˆ ูƒูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ู†ูŠุฑู
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:38,500 --> 00:01:42,600
71
+ Vestibulocochlear nerve are purely sensory nerve
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:42,600 --> 00:01:49,400
75
+ ุนุดุงู† ู†ุจุณุทู‡ุง ุฅู„ูƒู… ุจู†ุนุทูŠู‡ู… ุงู„ุฑู‚ู… 128 ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฑู‚ู… 128
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:49,400 --> 00:01:57,380
79
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ first ุงู„ููƒุชูˆุฑูŠ nerve second ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ optic
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:57,380 --> 00:02:03,170
83
+ nerve ูˆุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู…ู†Vestibular ูˆ Trochlear nerves are
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:02:03,170 --> 00:02:07,670
87
+ purely sensory nerves ูˆ ู‡ูŠ purely special sensory
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:02:07,670 --> 00:02:13,590
91
+ nerves ุงูˆูƒูŠ ุงู‚ูˆู„ ุงู† motor nerve , Trochlear nerve
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:13,590 --> 00:02:19,050
95
+ , Abdominal nerve , Accessory nerve and
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:19,050 --> 00:02:24,850
99
+ Hypoglossal nerve are purely motor nerves ูŠุจู‚ู‰
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:24,850 --> 00:02:31,840
103
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซูˆุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ูˆุงู„ุณุงุฏุณ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุนุดุฑ ูˆุซุงู†ูŠ
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:31,840 --> 00:02:38,360
107
+ ุนุดุฑ ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง ุงูŠู‡ purely motor
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:38,360 --> 00:02:44,540
111
+ nerves Trigeminal nerve ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฎุงู…ุณ
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:44,540 --> 00:02:49,820
115
+ Glucopharyngeal nerve ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน Vegas nerve
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:49,820 --> 00:02:54,440
119
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุนุดุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ Glucopharyngeal nerve ุงู„ุนุตุจ
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:54,440 --> 00:02:58,190
123
+ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน ุขุณูุนุตุจ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน Glossopharyngeal nerve ูƒู…ุงู†
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:02:58,190 --> 00:03:04,150
127
+ ู…ุฑุฉ Trigeminal nerve Facial
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:03:04,150 --> 00:03:09,130
131
+ nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน Glossopharyngeal nerve
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:03:09,130 --> 00:03:14,650
135
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน Vegas nerve ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุนุงุดุฑ Trigeminal
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:14,650 --> 00:03:21,830
139
+ nerve Facial nerve Glossopharyngeal nerve Vegas
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:21,830 --> 00:03:26,700
143
+ nervemixed nerve ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅูŠุด mixed nerveุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:26,700 --> 00:03:30,100
147
+ function ุชุจุนุชู‡ู… ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† motor sensory autonomic
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:30,100 --> 00:03:35,360
151
+ function ุจู†ุนุทูŠู‡ู… ุงู„ุฑู…ุฒ ุนุดุฑ ุฃู„ู ูˆุชุณุนุฉ ู…ูŠุฉ ูˆุฎู…ุณุฉ
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:35,360 --> 00:03:39,720
155
+ ูˆุณุจุนูŠู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฎุงู…ุณ ูˆุงู„ุณุจุน ูˆุงู„ุชุงุณุน ูˆุงู„ุนุงุดุฑ
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:39,720 --> 00:03:46,840
159
+ ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ mixed nerve ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:46,840 --> 00:03:54,030
163
+ ุงู„ูŠูˆู…ุฑุญ ู†ุชุทุฑู‚ ู„ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู…ู†
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:54,030 --> 00:03:59,410
167
+ ุฑุญ ู†ุชุทุฑู‚ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ .. ุงูˆูƒู„ูˆู† ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูŠุฑู ูˆ ุชุฑูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:59,410 --> 00:04:04,570
171
+ ู†ูŠุฑู ูˆ ุฃุจุฏูˆุณู†ุช ู†ูŠุฑู ูˆ ุชุฑุงูŠุฌูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ nerve ุฑุญ ู†ุงุฎุฏ
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:04:04,570 --> 00:04:08,930
175
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุฑุงุจุน ุณุงุฏุณ ูˆ ุงู„ุฎุงู…ุณ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:04:08,930 --> 00:04:10,130
179
+ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:04:17,480 --> 00:04:22,920
183
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุชุงุณุน ุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ู…ุนุงูƒู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:22,920 --> 00:04:30,960
187
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุนุชุงุณุฑ ุนุดุฑ ุงุญุฏุงุด ุงุชู†ุงุด ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:30,960 --> 00:04:35,220
191
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ special nerves ุงูˆ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ special
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:35,220 --> 00:04:38,280
195
+ sensation ููŠ ุงู„ special sensation ุฑุงุญ ุงุชุทุฑู‚ ู„ู„
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:38,280 --> 00:04:44,840
199
+ taste ูˆ vision ูˆ hearing ุชู…ุงู… ูˆ smell function ุฑุงุญ
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:44,840 --> 00:04:50,910
203
+ ุงุชุทุฑู‚ ู„ู„ุนุตุงุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ููƒุชูˆุฑูŠ nerveุนุตุจ ูˆุงุญุฏ optic
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:50,910 --> 00:04:54,170
207
+ nerve ุนุตุจ ุงุชู†ูŠู† vestibulocochlear nerve ุงู„ุนุตุจ
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:04:54,170 --> 00:04:58,330
211
+ ุงู„ุชุงู…ู† ูˆู‡ูŠูƒ ุจู†ูƒูˆู† ุฃู†ุฌุฒู†ุง ูƒู„ ุงู„ cranial nerves
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:04:58,330 --> 00:05:03,510
215
+ ุฌู…ุนุชู„ูƒู…
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:05:03,510 --> 00:05:09,070
219
+ ุงู„ cranial nerves ููŠ slide ูˆุงุญุฏ ุนุดุงู† ุฃุณู‡ู„ ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆ
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:05:09,070 --> 00:05:14,590
223
+ ู…ุซู„ ูƒุงุจุณูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูƒู†ุช ุชุงุฎุฏูˆู‡ุง ููŠ ุซุงู†ูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ ุชู…ุงู…
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:05:14,590 --> 00:05:20,540
227
+ ุงู„ classification of cranial nervesุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠ ุญุณุจ ุงู„
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:05:20,540 --> 00:05:26,980
231
+ name ุงู„ factory
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:26,980 --> 00:05:32,520
235
+ nerve ุฑู‚ู… ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ optic nerve ุงุชู†ูŠู†ุŒ and oculomotor
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:32,520 --> 00:05:37,670
239
+ nerve ุชู„ุงุชุฉTracular nerve ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ Trigeminal nerve
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:37,670 --> 00:05:40,750
243
+ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† three branches of thalamic maxillary
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:40,750 --> 00:05:45,530
247
+ and mandibular Adjacent nerve ุณุชุฉ Facial nerve
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:45,530 --> 00:05:48,470
251
+ ุณุจุนุฉ Vestibulocochlear nerve ุชู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:05:48,470 --> 00:05:52,830
255
+ Glossopharyngeal nerve ุชุณุนุฉ ูˆ Vegas nerve ุนุดุฑุฉ
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:05:52,830 --> 00:05:57,530
259
+ Accessory nerve ุงุญุฏุงุดุฑ Hypoglossal nerve ุงุชู†ุงุดุฑ
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:05:57,530 --> 00:06:02,490
263
+ ู‡ูŠูƒูŠ ุงู„ุฃุณู…ุงุก ุชุจุนุชู‡ู…ุฑุชุจูˆู‡ู… ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุชุฑุชูŠุจ ุญุณุจ ุงู„ exit
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:06:02,490 --> 00:06:07,110
267
+ from the brain ุญุณุจ ุงู„ exit from the brain ู„ุงู† ู†ุดูˆู
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:06:07,110 --> 00:06:13,170
271
+ ูƒูŠู ุงู„ exitุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ function ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ู… ุงู„
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:13,170 --> 00:06:16,210
275
+ function ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ cranial nerves ุงู„ููƒุณูˆุฑูŠ ู†ูŠุฑู ุงุณู…
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:16,210 --> 00:06:20,310
279
+ ุงู„ function ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ optic nerve vision ู„ู„ู†ุธุฑ
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:20,310 --> 00:06:24,990
283
+ ุงูˆูƒู„ูˆู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูŠุฑู ูˆ Trochlear nerve ูˆ abducent nerve
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:24,990 --> 00:06:28,710
287
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ูˆุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ูˆุงู„ุณุงุฏุณ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงูˆูƒู„ุงุฑ ู†ูŠุฑู ุงู„ู„ูŠ
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:06:28,710 --> 00:06:32,570
291
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ eye movement ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… motor
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:06:32,570 --> 00:06:36,270
295
+ functions ู†ุฑุฌุน ุงู„ุชุฑุงุฌูŠุจ ู…ู† ุงู„ nerve mixed nerve
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:06:36,270 --> 00:06:40,780
299
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ three branchesุฃูุซุงู„ู…ูŠูƒูŠ ุจุฑุงู†ุด purely
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:06:40,780 --> 00:06:45,660
303
+ sensory ู…ู‚ุฒูŠู„ุงุฑูŠ ุจุฑุงู†ุด purely sensory ู…ุงู†ุฏูŠุจูˆู„ุงุฑูŠ
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:06:45,660 --> 00:06:49,660
307
+ ุจุฑุงู†ุด sensory and motor mixed okay facial nerve
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:06:49,660 --> 00:06:53,960
311
+ mixed nerve vestibulocochlear nerve ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:06:53,960 --> 00:06:58,260
315
+ a sensory pure sensory for a functional hearing
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:06:58,260 --> 00:07:01,270
319
+ hearing and balanceVestibular function
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:01,270 --> 00:07:05,090
323
+ Glossopharyngeal nerve ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ Mixed vagus
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:05,090 --> 00:07:09,170
327
+ nerve Mixed accessory nerve ุจู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† cranial
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:07:09,170 --> 00:07:12,010
331
+ accessory and spinal accessory ูŠุนุชุจุฑ motor
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:07:12,010 --> 00:07:17,090
335
+ ูˆhypoglossal nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุญุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงูŠู‡ ุจูŠุณู…ูŠ
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:07:17,090 --> 00:07:22,770
339
+ motor nerve motor nerve ุงู„ site of the nucleus ููŠ
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:07:22,770 --> 00:07:25,750
343
+ ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ุณู‡ู„ุฉ ุงุจุณุทู„ูƒูˆุง ุงูŠู‡ู… ู„ู„ site of the nucleus
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:07:25,750 --> 00:07:43,540
347
+ ุจู†ู‚ุณู…ู‡ู… ู„ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุงุชู†ูŠู†ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:07:43,540 --> 00:07:43,540
351
+ ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:07:43,540 --> 00:07:43,540
355
+ ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:07:43,540 --> 00:07:43,540
359
+ ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:07:43,540 --> 00:07:43,700
363
+ ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:07:43,700 --> 00:07:45,880
367
+ ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:07:45,880 --> 00:07:46,380
371
+ ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:07:46,380 --> 00:07:48,840
375
+ ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจุน
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:07:48,840 --> 00:07:51,780
379
+ ุงุฑุจุน ุงุฑุจ
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:07:52,800 --> 00:07:57,420
383
+ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ occipital loop ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุงุชู†ูŠู†
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:07:57,420 --> 00:08:04,060
387
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ cerebral hemisphere ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:08:04,060 --> 00:08:07,500
391
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ cerebral hemisphere ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุงุชู†ูŠู†
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:08:07,500 --> 00:08:12,360
395
+ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆู†ุง ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ cerebral hemisphere ูˆ ู…ู†
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:08:12,360 --> 00:08:19,880
399
+ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ู„ุฅุทู†ุงุด ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ุงูˆ ุจุฏุฎู„ูˆุง ู…ู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ brain stem
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:08:22,700 --> 00:08:27,680
403
+ ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุงู„ููƒุชูˆุฑูŠ ู†ูŠุฑู ุชูŠู…ุจุฑุง ู„ูˆุจ ุงูˆุจุชูŠูƒ
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:08:27,680 --> 00:08:34,760
407
+ ู†ูŠุฑู ุงูƒุณูŠุจุชุงู„ ู„ูˆุจ ู†ุฌูŠ ู„ุฃูŠู‡ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:08:34,760 --> 00:08:39,080
411
+ ุงูˆูƒู„ุงู…ูˆุชุฑ ู…ูŠุฏูŠ ุจุฑูŠู† ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุจุนุฏ ุงู„cerebral hemisphere
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:08:39,080 --> 00:08:46,640
415
+ ู…ูŠุฏูŠ ุจุฑูŠู† ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ู…ูŠุฏูŠ ุจุฑูŠู† ู†ุชุงุฌูŠ ู„ุฃูŠู‡ ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุน
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:08:46,640 --> 00:08:47,240
419
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ู…
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:08:52,660 --> 00:08:57,860
423
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฎุงู…ุณ pawns ูˆููŠ exception ุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ุง
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:08:57,860 --> 00:09:05,880
427
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุฏุณ pawns ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน pawns ููŠ exception
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:09:05,880 --> 00:09:10,380
431
+ ูˆุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู…ู† pawns ููŠ exception ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ู„ุงุฑุจุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:09:10,380 --> 00:09:21,180
435
+ ุจุนุฏู‡ู… ุงูŠู‡ ุจู‚ู‰ ูŠุง ุนุฒูŠุฒูŠุŸ ุงู„ุงุฑุจุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ู… ุชุงุณุน
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:09:22,880 --> 00:09:27,700
439
+ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:09:27,700 --> 00:09:33,700
443
+ ู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ู… ุงู„ุชุงุณุน ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ุงู„ุนุงุดุฑ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:09:33,700 --> 00:09:39,240
447
+ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ุญุฏุงุดุฑ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ููŠู‡ุง exception
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:09:39,240 --> 00:09:46,320
451
+ ุงุชู†ุงุดุฑ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ูŠุฌุจ ุงู† ู†ู„ุงุญุธ ุงู† ุงูˆู„ ุงุชู†ูŠู†
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:09:46,320 --> 00:09:51,280
455
+ ููŠ ุงู„cerebral hemisphere ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ู… ุงุชู†ูŠู† mid
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:09:51,280 --> 00:09:57,230
459
+ brainุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ู… ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ bones ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ู… ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:09:57,230 --> 00:10:01,750
463
+ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุฉ ู„ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฑุชุจูˆู‡ู… ุจุงู„ุชุฑุชูŠุจ ู‡ุฐุง
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:10:01,750 --> 00:10:07,290
467
+ okay opening in the skull opening in the skull
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:10:07,290 --> 00:10:13,330
471
+ olfactory nerve crib reform plate of ุงุซู…ูŠ ุฏูŠ ุงู„ุจูˆู†
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:10:14,100 --> 00:10:19,360
475
+ optic nerve ุงู†ุชุฌ ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏ ุงูˆูƒู„ุงู…ูˆุชุฑ ู†ูŠุฑู ูˆ
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:10:19,360 --> 00:10:23,940
479
+ ุงุชุฑูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ู†ูŠุฑู ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุจุฑุงู†ุด ูˆูุชุฑุงุฌูŠู…ู†ุงู„ ู†ูŠุฑู
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:10:23,940 --> 00:10:28,320
483
+ ุงุจุฏูˆุณู†ุช ู†ูŠุฑู ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ superior orbital ููŠ ุดุนุฑ
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:10:28,320 --> 00:10:32,600
487
+ ู†ุฑุฌุน ู„ุชุฑุงุฌูŠู…ู†ุงู„ ู†ูŠุฑู ู…ุงุฌุฒูŠู„ุฑูŠ ู†ูŠุฑูRotundum
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:10:32,600 --> 00:10:37,380
491
+ foramenุŒ Mandebular nerveุŒ Oval foramenุŒ Facial
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:10:37,380 --> 00:10:41,520
495
+ nerve ุจูŠููˆุช ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู€ Internal auditory meatus ูˆ
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:10:41,520 --> 00:10:46,200
499
+ ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู„ุงู„ู€ Stylomasoid foramen ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู…ู† ููŠ
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:10:46,200 --> 00:10:49,790
503
+ Stibulocochlear ุจูŠููˆุช ู„ู„ Internal auditory meatusูˆ
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:10:49,790 --> 00:10:53,990
507
+ .. ุงูˆ canal ูˆ ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ููŠ ุงู„ inner ear ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:10:53,990 --> 00:10:59,010
511
+ ุงู„ glossopharyngeal ูˆ vegas ูˆ accessory nerve
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:10:59,010 --> 00:11:03,450
515
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ 11 ุจูŠููˆุชู‡ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ jugular foramen ูˆ
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:11:03,450 --> 00:11:07,910
519
+ hypoglossal nerve ุงู„ุนุตุจ 12 ุจูŠููˆุช ู„ hypoglossal
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:11:07,910 --> 00:11:14,050
523
+ canalู‡ูƒ ุงู†ุง ุจูƒูˆู† ุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒู… ุงู„ cranial nerves ู…ู†
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:11:14,050 --> 00:11:17,910
527
+ ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงุณู…ุงุฆู‡ู… ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุชุฑุชูŠุจู‡ู… ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:11:17,910 --> 00:11:21,770
531
+ function ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ location of the nucleus ูˆ
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:11:21,770 --> 00:11:25,930
535
+ opening in the skull ุงู…ุง ุงู„ exit ุงูˆ ุงู„ enters
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:11:25,930 --> 00:11:34,350
539
+ ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ู‡ูŠู‡ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุนุตุจ olfactory ุฑู‚ู… ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจุชุฌู‡ ู„
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:11:34,350 --> 00:11:38,750
543
+ temporal loop ุงุชู†ูŠู† optic nerve ุจุชุฌู‡ ู„occipital
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:11:38,750 --> 00:11:39,030
547
+ loop
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:11:41,760 --> 00:11:47,620
551
+ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุงูˆูƒู„ุงู…ูˆุชุฑ ู†ูŠุฑู ู…ู† ุงู„ midbrain ุงุฑุจุนุฉ ุชุฑูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:11:47,620 --> 00:11:52,320
555
+ ู†ูŠุฑู ู…ู† ุงู„ midbrain ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุชุฑุงูŠุฌูŠู…ู†ุงู„ ู†ูŠุฑู ู…ู† ุงู„
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:11:52,320 --> 00:11:58,000
559
+ pons ุณุชุฉ ุงุจุฏูˆุณู†ุช ู†ูŠุฑู ู…ู† ุงู„ pons ุณุจุนุฉ ุงูˆ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุฑูˆุช
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:11:58,000 --> 00:12:02,860
563
+ ุณุจุนุฉ ุงูˆ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูุงุดูŠุงู„ ู†ูŠุฑู ู…ู† ุงู„ pons ุชู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:12:02,860 --> 00:12:08,220
567
+ ููŠุณุชูŠุจูˆู„ูˆ ูƒูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ู†ูŠุฑู ู…ู† ุงู„ ponsู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Posterior
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:12:08,220 --> 00:12:11,700
571
+ lateral sulcus of medulla oblongata ุชุณุนุฉ
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:12:11,700 --> 00:12:18,260
575
+ Glossopharyngeal ุนุดุฑุฉ Vegas Accessories ุงู„ู€ two
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:12:18,260 --> 00:12:22,700
579
+ root one root ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏู„ู„ุง ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง cranial root ูˆ
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:12:22,700 --> 00:12:28,890
583
+ ุงู„ spinal root ู…ู† spinal cordุชู…ุงู… ุจุฎุฑุฌ ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ู† ุงู„
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:12:28,890 --> 00:12:30,950
587
+ posterior lateral sulcus of medulla oblongata ุงู„
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:12:30,950 --> 00:12:34,830
591
+ 11 ูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ anterior lateral sulcus of medulla
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:12:34,830 --> 00:12:41,010
595
+ oblongata ุจุฎุฑุฌ ุนู†ุฏูŠ 12 ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ุญุธู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ 4 ูˆ ู‡ูŠ
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:12:41,010 --> 00:12:45,070
599
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ 4ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู…ูŠุธู„ูˆุง ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุชุญุช ูˆุฃุฑุจุนุฉ
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:12:45,070 --> 00:12:49,290
603
+ ููˆู‚ู‡ู… ู…ู† ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ pawns ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุฃุณู
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:12:49,290 --> 00:12:53,190
607
+ ุงู„ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ midbrain ูˆุงุชู†ูŠู† ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:12:53,190 --> 00:12:58,170
611
+ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ุงู†ูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ occipital ูˆ temporal loop ูˆู‡ุฐู‡
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:12:58,170 --> 00:13:01,370
615
+ ุงู„ุชู‚ุณูŠู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุฑุณู… ุชุฑูƒูˆูŠุงู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ cranial
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:13:01,370 --> 00:13:04,410
619
+ nerves ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฃู†ุง ุจูƒูˆู† ู„ุฎุตู„ูƒู… ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ cranial nerves
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:13:04,410 --> 00:13:10,200
623
+ ููŠ two slides ูˆ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุฑุงุญ ู†ุจุฏุฃุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ูƒู„
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:13:10,200 --> 00:13:19,540
627
+ nerve ู„ูˆุญุฏู‡ ุนู† ูƒู„ nerve ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ูˆุญุฏู‡ ุงู„ุงู†
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:13:19,540 --> 00:13:24,540
631
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุงู„ factory nerve ุฑุงุญ ุงุชุทุฑู‚ู„ู‡ ููŠ
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:13:24,540 --> 00:13:28,760
635
+ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฎู„ุงู„ ุซู„ุงุซ ุฃุณุงุจูŠุน ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ special
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:13:28,760 --> 00:13:36,610
639
+ sensationุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ optic nerve ุฑุงุญ ุฃุทุฑู‚ู„ู‡ ููŠ
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:13:36,610 --> 00:13:39,950
643
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ special sensation ู„ ุงู„
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:13:39,950 --> 00:13:44,430
647
+ vision ูˆ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู…ู† ุฑุงุญ ุฃุทุฑู‚ู„ู‡ ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ููŠ
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:13:44,430 --> 00:13:49,530
651
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ special senses ู„ hearing and balance ูˆ
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:13:49,530 --> 00:13:54,410
655
+ ุจุนุฏู‡ู… ู‡ู†ุง ุฑุงุญ ุฃุจุฏุฃ ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉููŠ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ูˆุงู„ุฑุงุจุน
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:13:54,410 --> 00:13:59,170
659
+ ูˆุงู„ุณุงุฏุณ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฑู‚ู…
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:13:59,170 --> 00:14:02,510
663
+ ุชู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุงูˆู„ุด ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ general
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:14:02,510 --> 00:14:07,690
667
+ information about the cranial nerves ูˆุงู„ุงู† ุฑุงุญ
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:14:07,690 --> 00:14:11,670
671
+ ุงุจุฏุฃ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ocular nerves ู…ูŠู† ู‡ู… ุงู„ ocular
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:14:11,670 --> 00:14:16,810
675
+ nerves ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ oculomotor nerve ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:14:16,810 --> 00:14:21,860
679
+ trochlear nerve ูˆุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุฏุณ abdossal nerveOkay
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:14:21,860 --> 00:14:26,400
683
+ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู…ู† ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:14:26,400 --> 00:14:32,500
687
+ Trigeminal nerve Trigeminal nerve ุงู„ุขู† ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:14:32,500 --> 00:14:37,120
691
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุฑุงุจุน ูˆ ุณุงุฏุณ ocular nerves ู„ูŠู‡ ุณู…ูˆู‡ู…
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:14:37,120 --> 00:14:43,700
695
+ ocular nerves ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ู‡ู… ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจ eye movement ุจ eye
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:14:43,700 --> 00:14:48,870
699
+ movement ุชู…ุงู…ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุงุณู…ู‡ oculomotor nerve
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:14:48,870 --> 00:14:52,170
703
+ ุงูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ oculomotor nerve ู„ูˆ ุชุฑุฌู…ู†ุงู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:14:52,170 --> 00:14:57,590
707
+ ุงู„ู„ุงุชูŠู†ูŠุฉ ู†ู‚ุตุฏ ููŠู‡ุง eye and moving eye and moving
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:14:57,590 --> 00:15:02,050
711
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ูˆุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู† function of the oculomotor
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:15:02,050 --> 00:15:08,870
715
+ nerve ุงูˆู„ function ู„ู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ motor motor ูŠุนู†ูŠ
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:15:08,870 --> 00:15:13,380
719
+ motor somatic motor somaticู…ูˆุชูˆุฑุŒ ุงูŠุด ุจู‚ุตุฏ ููŠ
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:15:13,380 --> 00:15:18,560
723
+ somatic motorุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุบุถูŠ skeletal musclesุŒ ุจูŠุบุถูŠ
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:15:18,560 --> 00:15:23,280
727
+ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ skeletal muscles ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู†ุง ุจุชุญูƒู… ููŠู‡ู… ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุงุŒ
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:15:23,280 --> 00:15:26,280
731
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ movement of the eyeball
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:15:29,050 --> 00:15:33,390
735
+ Autonomic Function Parasympathetic Function ุงู„ู„ูŠ
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:15:33,390 --> 00:15:36,750
739
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ pupillary reaction ูˆ ุงุญู†ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ููŠ
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:15:36,750 --> 00:15:40,230
743
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ introduction Autonomic Nervous System
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:15:40,230 --> 00:15:44,490
747
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจ smooth muscle and glands ูˆ smooth
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:15:44,490 --> 00:15:48,530
751
+ muscles ุงู†ุง ู…ุงุจุชุญูƒู… ููŠู‡ ูŠู„ุง ุทุงู„ุจ ุงูˆ ุทุงู„ุจุฉ ูŠุฌูŠ ููŠ
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:15:48,530 --> 00:15:53,270
755
+ ุฃู…ุงู…ูŠูˆ ุงุตุบุฑู„ูŠ ุญุฏู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุฃูŠุงู† ุงูˆ ุงู„ pupils ู…ุง ุจุชุชุญูƒู…
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:15:53,270 --> 00:15:57,510
759
+ ููŠู‡ุง ู…ุงุจุชู‚ุฏุฑุด ุชุชุญูƒู… ููŠู‡ุง ุงูˆ ูŠูŠุฌูŠ ุทุงู„ุจุฉ ุงูˆ ุทุงู„ุจุฉ
760
+
761
+ 191
762
+ 00:15:57,510 --> 00:16:00,970
763
+ ุชู‚ูˆู„ูŠ ุจุฏูŠ ุงุฎูู ุงู„ heart rate ู†ุจุถ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ู…ุงุจุชู‚ุฏุฑ
764
+
765
+ 192
766
+ 00:16:00,970 --> 00:16:05,550
767
+ ุชุชุญูƒู… ููŠู‡ ู†ุจุถ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุนุถู„ุงุช ู„ุง ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ ุนุถู„ุงุช ู„ุง
768
+
769
+ 193
770
+ 00:16:05,550 --> 00:16:08,390
771
+ ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ autonomic function of the
772
+
773
+ 194
774
+ 00:16:08,390 --> 00:16:13,540
775
+ oculomotor nerveุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจู€ pupillary reaction
776
+
777
+ 195
778
+ 00:16:13,540 --> 00:16:18,540
779
+ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชุญูƒู… ุจุงู„ุจู‚ุจู‚ ุจุชุงุน
780
+
781
+ 196
782
+ 00:16:18,540 --> 00:16:22,760
783
+ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุญุฏู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุนุถู„ุงุช ู…ู„ุณุงู‚ smooth
784
+
785
+ 197
786
+ 00:16:22,760 --> 00:16:27,540
787
+ muscles ูˆู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุงู„ุชุญูƒู… ุจูŠู‡ู… ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนุถู„ุงุช ู„ุง
788
+
789
+ 198
790
+ 00:16:27,540 --> 00:16:33,140
791
+ ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ parasympathetic fibers of the
792
+
793
+ 199
794
+ 00:16:33,140 --> 00:16:37,920
795
+ oculomotor nerve ุชู…ุงู… ู…ู…ูƒู† ุทุงู„ุจ ุฃูˆ ุทุงู„ุจ ูŠุณุฃู„ู†ูŠ
796
+
797
+ 200
798
+ 00:16:37,920 --> 00:16:41,820
799
+ ุณุคุงู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ุทุจ ุงู†ุช ู‚ู„ุชู„ู†ุง ุงู„ oculomotor nerve it is
800
+
801
+ 201
802
+ 00:16:41,820 --> 00:16:46,320
803
+ a pure motor nerve it is a pure motor nerve ู„ูŠุด
804
+
805
+ 202
806
+ 00:16:46,320 --> 00:16:50,140
807
+ ุงู„ุฃู† ุงุถุทุฑู‚ุช ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ motor function ูˆ ุงู„ autonomic
808
+
809
+ 203
810
+ 00:16:50,140 --> 00:16:55,400
811
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู†ุตุงุฑ mixedุŸูƒู„ุงู…ูƒูˆุง ุตุญูŠุญุŒ ู„ูƒู† ูŠุง ุฌู…ุงุนุฉ ุงู„ู€
812
+
813
+ 204
814
+ 00:16:55,400 --> 00:16:59,140
815
+ Parasympathetic function ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ู€ oculomotor
816
+
817
+ 205
818
+ 00:16:59,140 --> 00:17:03,760
819
+ nerve ูƒู…ุงู† motorุŒ ูƒู…ุงู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ MotorุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ .. ุงู„
820
+
821
+ 206
822
+ 00:17:03,760 --> 00:17:06,960
823
+ Parasympathetic ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ุง motorุŒ ูˆุงู„somatic ูƒู…ุงู†
824
+
825
+ 207
826
+ 00:17:06,960 --> 00:17:12,320
827
+ motorุŒ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠูŠู† motor ู„ุฐู„ูƒุชู… ู†ุณุจ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุฅู„ู‰
828
+
829
+ 208
830
+ 00:17:12,320 --> 00:17:17,140
831
+ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนุตุงุจ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒูŠุฉ ุฅุฐู† ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ purely
832
+
833
+ 209
834
+ 00:17:17,140 --> 00:17:21,400
835
+ motor nerve ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ somatic function ุชุจุนุชู‡
836
+
837
+ 210
838
+ 00:17:21,400 --> 00:17:24,860
839
+ ุจุบุถ ุงู„ skeletal muscles ู‡ุฏูˆู„ู‡ motor function ูˆ
840
+
841
+ 211
842
+ 00:17:24,860 --> 00:17:28,080
843
+ ุงู„ุจุงุฑุง sympathetic function ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ ุจุบุถ ูƒู…ุงู† smooth
844
+
845
+ 212
846
+ 00:17:28,080 --> 00:17:34,720
847
+ muscles ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุนุชุจุฑ motor function ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡
848
+
849
+ 213
850
+ 00:17:34,720 --> 00:17:40,170
851
+ Trochlear nerve ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุนุงู„ู€ function ุชุจุนุชู‡
852
+
853
+ 214
854
+ 00:17:40,170 --> 00:17:45,410
855
+ ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉุŒ ุฅูŠุด ู‡ูŠุŸ ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ ู‡ู†ุง superior
856
+
857
+ 215
858
+ 00:17:45,410 --> 00:17:50,070
859
+ oblique muscleุŒ ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ ุฃูŠ ุนุถู„ุฉุŸ superior oblique
860
+
861
+ 216
862
+ 00:17:50,070 --> 00:17:51,650
863
+ muscleุŒ ุฑูˆุญ ุงุชุฑู‚ ุฅู„ูŠู‡ุง ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ function
864
+
865
+ 217
866
+ 00:17:51,650 --> 00:17:57,920
867
+ ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ุง ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุฏุณ abdocent nerveู…ู† .. ู„ูŠู‡ ุณู…ูˆู‡
868
+
869
+ 218
870
+ 00:17:57,920 --> 00:18:02,420
871
+ abdocent nerveุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ abduction ู„ู„ุฃูŠู‡ ุจูŠุนู…ู„
872
+
873
+ 219
874
+ 00:18:02,420 --> 00:18:06,280
875
+ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ abduction ู„ู„ุฃูŠู‡ ุงู„ุงุชุฑุงู„ูŠู‡ ุจูŠุบุถูŠ lateral
876
+
877
+ 220
878
+ 00:18:06,280 --> 00:18:10,200
879
+ rectus muscle ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ lateral rectus muscle ุชุนู…ู„
880
+
881
+ 221
882
+ 00:18:10,200 --> 00:18:14,040
883
+ abduction ู„ู„ุฃูŠู‡ ุงู„ุงุชุฑุงู„ูŠู‡ ู‡ู†ุง ุทู„ุนุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุญุฑูƒุช
884
+
885
+ 222
886
+ 00:18:14,040 --> 00:18:18,080
887
+ ุนูŠู† ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ู„ุขุฎุฑ ุดูŠุก ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู† ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุงุชุญุฑูƒุช ุงู„
888
+
889
+ 223
890
+ 00:18:18,080 --> 00:18:21,800
891
+ lateral rectus muscle ูˆุดุฏุชู‡ุง ู„ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ู„ lateral
892
+
893
+ 224
894
+ 00:18:21,800 --> 00:18:27,730
895
+ direction ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุณู…ูŠ abdocent nerve ุทุจ ุณุคุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ ููŠ
896
+
897
+ 225
898
+ 00:18:27,730 --> 00:18:31,810
899
+ ุงู„ slide ู‡ุฐุง ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ุงู†ุช ู‚ู„ุช ุงู† ูƒู„ู‡ู… motor ูˆุงู„ู‡ู…
900
+
901
+ 226
902
+ 00:18:31,810 --> 00:18:35,130
903
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ eye moving ุงู„ abdocent nerve ุจูŠุญุฑูƒ ุงู„ุนูŠู†
904
+
905
+ 227
906
+ 00:18:35,130 --> 00:18:38,890
907
+ ูˆ ุงู„ trochlear nerve ุจูŠุญุฑูƒ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ูˆ ุงู„ abdocent
908
+
909
+ 228
910
+ 00:18:38,890 --> 00:18:42,930
911
+ nerve ุจูŠุญุฑูƒ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ู„ูŠู‡ ุณู…ูˆู‡ ู‡ุฐุง oculomotor eye eye
912
+
913
+ 229
914
+ 00:18:42,930 --> 00:18:48,730
915
+ moving ุณู…ูˆู‡ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุฒุนูŠู… ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุฒุนูŠู… ูˆ ุจูŠุบุถูŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช
916
+
917
+ 230
918
+ 00:18:48,730 --> 00:18:52,530
919
+ ุจูŠุบุถูŠ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ trochlear nerve ุจูŠุบุถูŠ ุนุถู„ุฉ
920
+
921
+ 231
922
+ 00:18:52,530 --> 00:18:56,970
923
+ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉSuperior oblique muscle abdocent nerve ุจูŠุบุฏู‰
924
+
925
+ 232
926
+ 00:18:56,970 --> 00:19:01,730
927
+ ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุงู„ oculomotor nerve ุชุจุนูˆุง ู…ุนุงูŠุง ุจูŠุบุฏู‰
928
+
929
+ 233
930
+ 00:19:01,730 --> 00:19:06,170
931
+ ูƒุงู… ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ูƒู„ ุงุญุชุฑุงู… ู„ู„ oculomotor nerve
932
+
933
+ 234
934
+ 00:19:06,170 --> 00:19:10,310
935
+ ุณู…ูˆู‡ oculomotor nerve eye and moving ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ levator
936
+
937
+ 235
938
+ 00:19:10,310 --> 00:19:16,430
939
+ palbibia superiorisุจูŠุบุถูŠ superior rectus muscle
940
+
941
+ 236
942
+ 00:19:16,430 --> 00:19:22,250
943
+ ุงุชู†ูŠู†ุŒ ุจูŠุบุถูŠ inferior rectus muscle ุซู„ุงุซุฉุŒ ุจูŠุบุถูŠ
944
+
945
+ 237
946
+ 00:19:22,250 --> 00:19:27,650
947
+ medial rectus muscle ุฃุฑุจุนุฉุŒ ุจูŠุบุถูŠ inferior whatุŸ
948
+
949
+ 238
950
+ 00:19:27,650 --> 00:19:32,950
951
+ Oblique muscleุฎุงู…ุณุฉ ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ sealary muscle smooth
952
+
953
+ 239
954
+ 00:19:32,950 --> 00:19:37,290
955
+ muscle ุณุชุฉ ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ sphincter biopil muscle ุงูˆ
956
+
957
+ 240
958
+ 00:19:37,290 --> 00:19:40,910
959
+ Constrictor biopil muscle ุณุจุนุฉ ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ ุณุจุน ุญุถูˆู„ุงุช
960
+
961
+ 241
962
+ 00:19:40,910 --> 00:19:45,810
963
+ ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ู„ู‚ุจูˆู‡ ุจุงู„ู„ู‚ุจ ูˆุนุทูˆู‡ ูˆุณุงู… ู„ู‚ุจ Okulamotor
964
+
965
+ 242
966
+ 00:19:45,810 --> 00:19:49,950
967
+ nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงูƒุชุฑ nerve ุงูˆ ุงูƒุจุฑ nerve ุจูŠุญุฑูƒ ุงู„ู„ูŠู†
968
+
969
+ 243
970
+ 00:19:49,950 --> 00:19:55,730
971
+ ูˆูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ Okulamotor nerve ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ุขู† ุจู€ Okulamotor
972
+
973
+ 244
974
+ 00:19:55,730 --> 00:20:02,260
975
+ nerve ุญุงู„ุฉ ุณู‡ู„ ุตุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุนูƒู„ ุดูŠ ุงู†ุดุฑุญ ุงู„ูŠูƒูˆุง ุงูˆูƒู„ูˆ
976
+
977
+ 245
978
+ 00:20:02,260 --> 00:20:07,580
979
+ motor nerve it is purely motor nerve purely motor
980
+
981
+ 246
982
+ 00:20:07,580 --> 00:20:13,460
983
+ nerve somatic motor ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุบุถูŠ skeletal muscle and
984
+
985
+ 247
986
+ 00:20:13,460 --> 00:20:16,580
987
+ autonomic motor ุงูˆ parasympathetic motor ุจูŠุบุถูŠ
988
+
989
+ 248
990
+ 00:20:16,580 --> 00:20:21,420
991
+ ุนุถู„ุงุช ู…ู„ุณุงู‚ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ parasympathetic fibers ูŠุจู‚ู‰
992
+
993
+ 249
994
+ 00:20:21,420 --> 00:20:28,740
995
+ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ pure motor nerve ู‡ูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงุชู†ูŠู† immersfrom
996
+
997
+ 250
998
+ 00:20:28,740 --> 00:20:34,260
999
+ the anterior surface of midbrain ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู†
1000
+
1001
+ 251
1002
+ 00:20:34,260 --> 00:20:38,080
1003
+ ุงู„ู€ anterior surface of midbrain ุงุชูุฌู†ุง ุงุชู†ูŠู†
1004
+
1005
+ 252
1006
+ 00:20:38,080 --> 00:20:41,600
1007
+ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุจุนุฏู‡ู… ุฑู‚ู… ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู†ู‡ุง
1008
+
1009
+ 253
1010
+ 00:20:41,600 --> 00:20:44,960
1011
+ ุฑุงุญ ุชูƒูˆู† ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ midbrain ู…ู† ุงู„ anterior
1012
+
1013
+ 254
1014
+ 00:20:44,960 --> 00:20:51,740
1015
+ surface of midbrain ุจุนุฏู‡ enter the orbit ุจูŠููˆุช ููŠ
1016
+
1017
+ 255
1018
+ 00:20:51,740 --> 00:20:58,270
1019
+ ุงู„ orbit ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚Superior Orbital Fissure Superior
1020
+
1021
+ 256
1022
+ 00:20:58,270 --> 00:21:02,710
1023
+ Orbital Fissure ูˆ ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ูŠุตู„ ู„ Superior Orbital
1024
+
1025
+ 257
1026
+ 00:21:02,710 --> 00:21:07,430
1027
+ Fissure ุจู…ุฑูˆูŠู† ููŠ Cavernous Sinus ุฃุฎุฏู†ุง ุงุณู…ู‡
1028
+
1029
+ 258
1030
+ 00:21:07,430 --> 00:21:10,650
1031
+ ุงู„ูุงุชุฑ Cavernous Sinus ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† Dural Venous
1032
+
1033
+ 259
1034
+ 00:21:10,650 --> 00:21:14,850
1035
+ Sinus ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉ locomotor nerve ูŠุนุชุจุฑ purely motor
1036
+
1037
+ 260
1038
+ 00:21:14,850 --> 00:21:19,370
1039
+ nerveุชุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุตุงุฏุฑ ู…ุตุงุฏุฑ ุณูˆู…ุงุชูŠูƒูŠุฉ ูˆู…ุตุงุฏุฑ ู…ุตุงุฏุฑ
1040
+
1041
+ 261
1042
+ 00:21:19,370 --> 00:21:27,330
1043
+ ุจุงุฑุง ุณูŠู…ุจุงุชุงุชูŠูƒูŠุฉ ุชุชุฎู„ุต ู…ู† ุฎุฏู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู… ู…ู† ุงู„ู‚ู„ุนุจ
1044
+
1045
+ 262
1046
+ 00:21:27,330 --> 00:21:34,430
1047
+ ุงู„ู…ุชูˆุณุท ุซู… ุชุชุฌู‡ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุฏุฑุงู† ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ูˆุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠ ู…ู†
1048
+
1049
+ 263
1050
+ 00:21:34,430 --> 00:21:40,250
1051
+ ุงู„ุตูŠู†ุณ ุงู„ูƒุงููŠุฑู†ุณand enters the orbit through the
1052
+
1053
+ 264
1054
+ 00:21:40,250 --> 00:21:44,750
1055
+ superior orbital a fissure superior orbital
1056
+
1057
+ 265
1058
+ 00:21:44,750 --> 00:21:50,370
1059
+ fissure ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆูŠู† ูู„ุณููŠู†ูˆูŠุช ุจูˆู† ู‡ุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
1060
+
1061
+ 266
1062
+ 00:21:50,370 --> 00:21:59,130
1063
+ ุฃูƒูˆู„ูˆู…ูˆุชุฑ ู†ูŠุฑุจ ู‡ุงูŠ left ุฃูƒูˆู„ูˆู…ูˆุชุฑ ู†ูŠุฑุจ ูˆู‡ูŠ a right
1064
+
1065
+ 267
1066
+ 00:21:59,740 --> 00:22:05,580
1067
+ eculomotor nerve ุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ventral ุฃูˆ
1068
+
1069
+ 268
1070
+ 00:22:05,580 --> 00:22:13,080
1071
+ anterior service of midbrain okay ุจูŠู…ุฑ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู‚ู„ู†ุง
1072
+
1073
+ 269
1074
+ 00:22:13,080 --> 00:22:17,440
1075
+ ู‡ูŠ cavernous sinus ู‡ุฐุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ left ูˆู‡ุฐุง right ู‡ูŠ
1076
+
1077
+ 270
1078
+ 00:22:17,440 --> 00:22:21,540
1079
+ eculomotor nerve ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุชุงู„ุฏ ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ upper
1080
+
1081
+ 271
1082
+ 00:22:21,540 --> 00:22:27,380
1083
+ lateral wall of the cavernous sinus ูˆู„ุช ุฑูˆูƒู„ูŠุฑ
1084
+
1085
+ 272
1086
+ 00:22:27,380 --> 00:22:35,260
1087
+ ู†ูŠุฑู ุจูŠู…ุฑ ู‡ูŠููŠ ุงู„ upper wall of lateral ูˆ ุงู„
1088
+
1089
+ 273
1090
+ 00:22:35,260 --> 00:22:39,100
1091
+ abducent nerve ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ medial ุชุญุช ุงู„ internal
1092
+
1093
+ 274
1094
+ 00:22:39,100 --> 00:22:41,860
1095
+ carotid ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ thalamic branch ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ trigeminal
1096
+
1097
+ 275
1098
+ 00:22:41,860 --> 00:22:46,860
1099
+ ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ lower lateral ูˆ ุงู„ maxillary branch ุชุจุน
1100
+
1101
+ 276
1102
+ 00:22:46,860 --> 00:22:50,620
1103
+ ุงู„ trigeminal ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ lateral wall ููŠ ุงู„ lower
1104
+
1105
+ 277
1106
+ 00:22:50,620 --> 00:22:54,580
1107
+ even ู‡ุฐุง lower part lateral ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง upper part
1108
+
1109
+ 278
1110
+ 00:22:54,580 --> 00:22:57,640
1111
+ lateral ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ Medial ูˆ ุงู†ุชูˆุง ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุงู„
1112
+
1113
+ 279
1114
+ 00:22:57,640 --> 00:23:01,670
1115
+ structures ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ูƒููŠุฑู†ุฉ ุงู„ุตูŠู†ูŠุฉุŸูˆูƒู„ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ
1116
+
1117
+ 280
1118
+ 00:23:01,670 --> 00:23:05,610
1119
+ ู†ูŠุฑุจ ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุชุงู„ุช ุชุฑูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ู†ูŠุฑุจ ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ุงู„ first
1120
+
1121
+ 281
1122
+ 00:23:05,610 --> 00:23:08,050
1123
+ branch ูˆ ุงู„ second branch ุจุชุงุนูŠ ู†ุชุฑุงุฌูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ nerve
1124
+
1125
+ 282
1126
+ 00:23:08,050 --> 00:23:11,990
1127
+ of thalamic and maxillary nerve ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุนุตุจ
1128
+
1129
+ 283
1130
+ 00:23:11,990 --> 00:23:15,770
1131
+ ุงู„ุณุงุฏุณ abdocent nerve ูˆ internal carotid artery
1132
+
1133
+ 284
1134
+ 00:23:25,970 --> 00:23:30,070
1135
+ branches of oculomotor nerveุŒ ุงู„ oculomotor nerve
1136
+
1137
+ 285
1138
+ 00:23:30,070 --> 00:23:34,650
1139
+ ุฅู„ู‡ two branches ุฅู„ู‡ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ two branches superior
1140
+
1141
+ 286
1142
+ 00:23:34,650 --> 00:23:39,730
1143
+ division superior division supply to muscles
1144
+
1145
+ 287
1146
+ 00:23:39,730 --> 00:23:46,150
1147
+ levator belbibria superiorislevator palpebria
1148
+
1149
+ 288
1150
+ 00:23:46,150 --> 00:23:50,310
1151
+ superior ุฅุฐุง ู‡ุฐุง ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง ุชุฑูุน ุฌูู† ุงู„ุนูŠู† ู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ูˆ ู„ูˆ
1152
+
1153
+ 289
1154
+ 00:23:50,310 --> 00:23:54,270
1155
+ ุฃุตุงุฑ ุฏู…ุฌ ุฅู„ูŠู‡ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง tosses ุฅูŠุด ุงุณู…ู‡ุงุŸ
1156
+
1157
+ 290
1158
+ 00:23:54,270 --> 00:23:58,890
1159
+ tosses ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุณู‚ูˆุท ููŠ ุงู„ุฌูู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ
1160
+
1161
+ 291
1162
+ 00:23:58,890 --> 00:24:01,290
1163
+ ุนูŠู†ู‡ ุจุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠู…ูŠู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู‡ุงู„ุฌุชุฉ ุฅูŠุด ุนู†ุฏูŠ
1164
+
1165
+ 292
1166
+ 00:24:01,290 --> 00:24:06,870
1167
+ ู‡ุงู„ุฌุชุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู†ุฏูŠ tosses ุงู„ุฌูู† ู†ุงุฒู„ okay
1168
+
1169
+ 293
1170
+ 00:24:06,870 --> 00:24:12,950
1171
+ superior rectus muscle ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ุง ู„ุงุญู‚ุงุทุจ ุงู„
1172
+
1173
+ 294
1174
+ 00:24:12,950 --> 00:24:18,130
1175
+ inferior division ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุบุถูŠู†ุงุŸ media rectus muscle
1176
+
1177
+ 295
1178
+ 00:24:18,130 --> 00:24:24,150
1179
+ inferior rectus muscle ูˆ inferior oblique muscle
1180
+
1181
+ 296
1182
+ 00:24:24,150 --> 00:24:28,730
1183
+ ุทูŠุจ ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠุบุถูŠ superior oblique muscleุŸ trochlear
1184
+
1185
+ 297
1186
+ 00:24:28,730 --> 00:24:32,910
1187
+ nerve ุทุจ ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠุบุถูŠ lateral rectus muscleุŸ abdocent
1188
+
1189
+ 298
1190
+ 00:24:32,910 --> 00:24:39,310
1191
+ nerve ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง skeletal muscle ู‡ุฐูˆู„ skeletal
1192
+
1193
+ 299
1194
+ 00:24:39,310 --> 00:24:47,740
1195
+ musclesูˆ ุขุฎุฑ ุชู†ุชูŠู† Constrictor pupillary muscleูˆ
1196
+
1197
+ 300
1198
+ 00:24:47,740 --> 00:24:50,720
1199
+ sealery muscleุŒ sealery muscle ู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„
1200
+
1201
+ 301
1202
+ 00:24:50,720 --> 00:24:54,300
1203
+ accommodation ูˆ ุงู„ constructor pupil muscle ู„ู‡ุง
1204
+
1205
+ 302
1206
+ 00:24:54,300 --> 00:24:57,640
1207
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ light reflex ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ู„ูˆ ุทู„ุนู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุถูˆุก ููŠ
1208
+
1209
+ 303
1210
+ 00:24:57,640 --> 00:25:01,200
1211
+ ุดู…ุณ ุฃูˆู„ ู…ุง ุจู†ุนู…ู„ุงุด ุจู†ุบู…ุถ ุฃู†ูŠู†ุง ุดูˆูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุดู…ุณ ู„ุฃู†
1212
+
1213
+ 304
1214
+ 00:25:01,200 --> 00:25:04,080
1215
+ ุงู„ุจู‚ุจ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ุธู„ุงู… ูˆุงุณุน ู„ู…ุง ุจุทู„ุน ููŠ ุงู„ุดู…ุณ ุจุฏู‡
1216
+
1217
+ 305
1218
+ 00:25:04,080 --> 00:25:06,860
1219
+ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุฃูŠู‡ ู„ู‡ ุญุฌู…ู‡ ูŠุตุบุฑ ุงู„ light ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู†ุง
1220
+
1221
+ 306
1222
+ 00:25:06,860 --> 00:25:09,880
1223
+ construction ู„ู„ pupil ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู†ุง contraction ู„ู„
1224
+
1225
+ 307
1226
+ 00:25:09,880 --> 00:25:15,230
1227
+ constructor pupil muscle ุจูŠุตุบุฑ ุงู„ุนูƒุณ ุตุญูŠุญู„ูˆ ุทู„ุนู†ุง
1228
+
1229
+ 308
1230
+ 00:25:15,230 --> 00:25:19,710
1231
+ ู…ู† ุถูˆุก ู„ุธู„ู…ุŒ ุจู†ุจุทู„ ู†ุดูˆูุŒ ุจุฏู†ุง .. ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุชูˆุณุน
1232
+
1233
+ 309
1234
+ 00:25:19,710 --> 00:25:22,190
1235
+ ุงู„ุจุค .. ุงู„ุจุค ุจุค ุชุนุงู„ู‰ ูŠุนู†ูŠุŒ ุชูˆุณุน ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
1236
+
1237
+ 310
1238
+ 00:25:22,190 --> 00:25:25,370
1239
+ sympathetic nervous systemุŒ ุฑุงุญ ุฃุชุทุฑู‚ ู„ู‡ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ
1240
+
1241
+ 311
1242
+ 00:25:25,370 --> 00:25:29,070
1243
+ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ุŒ ุฅูŠู‡ ุจุฌุงู†ุŸ ุนู†ุฏ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ constructor ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„
1244
+
1245
+ 312
1246
+ 00:25:29,070 --> 00:25:33,850
1247
+ muscle ูˆ ุงู„cellar muscle smooth musclesูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„
1248
+
1249
+ 313
1250
+ 00:25:33,850 --> 00:25:36,470
1251
+ smooth muscles ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„
1252
+
1253
+ 314
1254
+ 00:25:36,470 --> 00:25:42,370
1255
+ parasympathetic nervous system ูˆ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ skeletal
1256
+
1257
+ 315
1258
+ 00:25:42,370 --> 00:25:45,970
1259
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ somatic fibers
1260
+
1261
+ 316
1262
+ 00:25:47,170 --> 00:25:50,950
1263
+ ุฃูŠุด ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู…ุŸ ุฃู†ู‡ ุฃู†ุง ุจุชุญูƒู… ููŠ ุงู„ skeletal
1264
+
1265
+ 317
1266
+ 00:25:50,950 --> 00:25:54,610
1267
+ musclesุŒ ุจุญุฑูƒู‡ู…ุŒ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ somatic nervesุŒ ุฃุณูุŒ ุงู„
1268
+
1269
+ 318
1270
+ 00:25:54,610 --> 00:25:59,190
1271
+ smooth muscles ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ parasympathetic
1272
+
1273
+ 319
1274
+ 00:25:59,190 --> 00:26:02,570
1275
+ nervous systemุŒ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุง ุจุชุญูƒู… ููŠู‡ู…ุŒ ู…ุง ุจุชุญูƒู…ุด ููŠู‡ู…ุŒ
1276
+
1277
+ 320
1278
+ 00:26:02,570 --> 00:26:09,890
1279
+ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุญุฑูƒุชู‡ู… ู„ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู†ุŒ ุญุฑูƒุชู‡ู… ู„ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุฉุŒ ู‡ุงูŠ
1280
+
1281
+ 321
1282
+ 00:26:09,890 --> 00:26:15,230
1283
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุจุชูˆุถุญ ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ branches of the oculomotor
1284
+
1285
+ 322
1286
+ 00:26:15,230 --> 00:26:20,710
1287
+ nerveุงู„ู€ oculomotor nerve ู„ู‡ two branches superior
1288
+
1289
+ 323
1290
+ 00:26:20,710 --> 00:26:28,850
1291
+ branch ู‡ูŠ superior branch supply superior rectus
1292
+
1293
+ 324
1294
+ 00:26:28,850 --> 00:26:35,890
1295
+ muscle and levator bulbibria superioris ูˆ inferior
1296
+
1297
+ 325
1298
+ 00:26:35,890 --> 00:26:41,790
1299
+ branch supply medial rectus muscle inferior rectus
1300
+
1301
+ 326
1302
+ 00:26:41,790 --> 00:26:46,500
1303
+ muscle and inferior oblique muscleูˆ ู…ุนู‡ู… ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
1304
+
1305
+ 327
1306
+ 00:26:46,500 --> 00:26:52,580
1307
+ Parasympathetic Fibers ู„ู„ุงูƒูˆู„ุงู…ูˆุชุฑ ู†ูŠุฑู ู‡ุฐู‡
1308
+
1309
+ 328
1310
+ 00:26:52,580 --> 00:26:56,360
1311
+ Autonomic ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชุบุฏู‰ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ู‰ ู„ุง ุฅูŠุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ ุจุชุฑูˆุญ
1312
+
1313
+ 329
1314
+ 00:26:56,360 --> 00:27:00,260
1315
+ ู„ุณูŠู„ุงุฑูŠ muscle ุจุชุนู…ู„ relay ูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ุณูŠู„ุงุฑูŠ muscle
1316
+
1317
+ 330
1318
+ 00:27:00,260 --> 00:27:04,260
1319
+ ุจุชุบุฏู‰ ู„ู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุจุชุฑูˆุญ ู„ุณูŠู„ุงุฑูŠ ุฌุงู†ุฌู„ูŠูˆู† ูˆ ู…ู†
1320
+
1321
+ 331
1322
+ 00:27:04,260 --> 00:27:08,020
1323
+ ุงู„ุณูŠู„ุงุฑูŠ ุฌุงู†ุฌู„ูŠูˆู† ุจุชุบุฏู‰ to muscle ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง
1324
+
1325
+ 332
1326
+ 00:27:08,020 --> 00:27:09,220
1327
+ ุณูŠู„ุงุฑูŠ
1328
+
1329
+ 333
1330
+ 00:27:11,290 --> 00:27:15,690
1331
+ muscle ูˆุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง constructor pupillary muscle
1332
+
1333
+ 334
1334
+ 00:27:15,690 --> 00:27:19,070
1335
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ blood supply ุงูˆ ุงู„ nerve supply
1336
+
1337
+ 335
1338
+ 00:27:19,070 --> 00:27:23,570
1339
+ ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ oculomotor nerve nerve supply of the
1340
+
1341
+ 336
1342
+ 00:27:23,570 --> 00:27:35,470
1343
+ oculomotor nerve ุจุงุฎุชุตุงุฑ
1344
+
1345
+ 337
1346
+ 00:27:35,470 --> 00:27:43,270
1347
+ the oculomotor nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฒุนูŠู…supply all of
1348
+
1349
+ 338
1350
+ 00:27:43,270 --> 00:27:49,350
1351
+ the intra and extraocular muscles ุฃู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ุฃุชูƒู„ู…
1352
+
1353
+ 339
1354
+ 00:27:49,350 --> 00:27:53,150
1355
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ intraocular muscles ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ smooth
1356
+
1357
+ 340
1358
+ 00:27:53,150 --> 00:27:57,030
1359
+ muscles ุงู„ู„๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ autonomic fibers ุฅู…ุง
1360
+
1361
+ 341
1362
+ 00:27:57,030 --> 00:28:00,790
1363
+ parasympathetic ูˆุฅู…ุง sympatheticูˆ ุงู„ extraocular
1364
+
1365
+ 342
1366
+ 00:28:00,790 --> 00:28:04,510
1367
+ muscles ู‡ู… skeletal muscles ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ oculomotor
1368
+
1369
+ 343
1370
+ 00:28:04,510 --> 00:28:08,850
1371
+ nerves ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ ูƒู„ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠุฉ ู…ุง
1372
+
1373
+ 344
1374
+ 00:28:08,850 --> 00:28:14,390
1375
+ ุนุฏุง ู…ุง ุนุฏุง superior oblique muscle superior
1376
+
1377
+ 345
1378
+ 00:28:14,390 --> 00:28:18,070
1379
+ oblique muscle superior oblique muscle ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู†
1380
+
1381
+ 346
1382
+ 00:28:18,070 --> 00:28:23,250
1383
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน trochlear nerve lateral rectus muscle
1384
+
1385
+ 347
1386
+ 00:28:23,250 --> 00:28:29,200
1387
+ ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุฏุณ abdossal nerveูˆ dilator
1388
+
1389
+ 348
1390
+ 00:28:29,200 --> 00:28:33,240
1391
+ ุจูŠู‚ุจู„ muscle ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ sympathetic nervous
1392
+
1393
+ 349
1394
+ 00:28:33,240 --> 00:28:36,940
1395
+ system ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ุง ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ anatomy and
1396
+
1397
+ 350
1398
+ 00:28:36,940 --> 00:28:41,100
1399
+ physiology of the autonomic nervous system ู„ุฐู„ูƒ
1400
+
1401
+ 351
1402
+ 00:28:41,100 --> 00:28:45,100
1403
+ ุณู…ูŠ ุงูˆูƒู„ุงู…ูˆุชุฑ ุจูŠุญุฌู„ู‡ู… ูŠุณู…ูˆุง ุงูˆูƒู„ุงู…ูˆุชุฑ ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ ุณุจุน
1404
+
1405
+ 352
1406
+ 00:28:45,100 --> 00:28:50,760
1407
+ ุนุถู„ุงุช ู„ูˆุญุฏู‡ ู†ู†ุชุฌ
1408
+
1409
+ 353
1410
+ 00:28:50,760 --> 00:28:58,150
1411
+ ู„ู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุนTrochlear nerve it is purely motor
1412
+
1413
+ 354
1414
+ 00:28:58,150 --> 00:29:05,650
1415
+ nerve ู…ุงููŠ ุฎู„ุงู ู‡ุงูŠ ูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ Exit ุชุจุนู‡ from the
1416
+
1417
+ 355
1418
+ 00:29:05,650 --> 00:29:14,700
1419
+ posterior or dorsal surface ofmedibrain ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„
1420
+
1421
+ 356
1422
+ 00:29:14,700 --> 00:29:20,960
1423
+ function ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ supply only one muscle superior
1424
+
1425
+ 357
1426
+ 00:29:20,960 --> 00:29:25,280
1427
+ oblique muscle ุจุบุฏ ูˆ ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ superior oblique
1428
+
1429
+ 358
1430
+ 00:29:25,280 --> 00:29:28,760
1431
+ muscle ูˆ ุงู„ site of the nucleus ููŠ ุงู„ medibrain
1432
+
1433
+ 359
1434
+ 00:29:28,760 --> 00:29:33,400
1435
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ segmentum of medibrain ููŠ ุงู„
1436
+
1437
+ 360
1438
+ 00:29:33,400 --> 00:29:38,300
1439
+ medibrain ู‡ูŠ ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุนุทูŠุจ enters the orbit
1440
+
1441
+ 361
1442
+ 00:29:38,300 --> 00:29:42,160
1443
+ through the superior orbital fissure ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€
1444
+
1445
+ 362
1446
+ 00:29:42,160 --> 00:29:47,160
1447
+ oculomotor ูˆ ุจู…ุฑูˆูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ other lateral wall of
1448
+
1449
+ 363
1450
+ 00:29:47,160 --> 00:29:51,520
1451
+ caverna sinus ู…ุซู„ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุซู„ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ oculomotor
1452
+
1453
+ 364
1454
+ 00:29:51,520 --> 00:29:57,680
1455
+ nerve ุชุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุฎุชู„ู ุนู† ุงู„ oculomotor
1456
+
1457
+ 365
1458
+ 00:29:57,680 --> 00:30:01,580
1459
+ nerve ุงู† ู‡ูˆ smallest nerve ุงุตุบุฑ nerve ุงู„ cranial
1460
+
1461
+ 366
1462
+ 00:30:01,580 --> 00:30:07,290
1463
+ nerve ูˆ ุงู†ู‡ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌู…ู† ุงู„ posterior service of the
1464
+
1465
+ 367
1466
+ 00:30:07,290 --> 00:30:10,990
1467
+ midbrain ุงู„ ุฃูƒูˆู„ูˆู…ูˆุชุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ anterior service ุบูŠุฑ
1468
+
1469
+ 368
1470
+ 00:30:10,990 --> 00:30:15,770
1471
+ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู†ู‡ supply only muscle only one muscle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
1472
+
1473
+ 369
1474
+ 00:30:15,770 --> 00:30:21,710
1475
+ superior oblique muscleูˆ immers from posterior
1476
+
1477
+ 370
1478
+ 00:30:21,710 --> 00:30:26,890
1479
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ service of midbrain ูˆ ุงู„ oculomotor ุจุฎุฑุฌ
1480
+
1481
+ 371
1482
+ 00:30:26,890 --> 00:30:30,810
1483
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ ventral service of midbrain ู‡ุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1484
+
1485
+ 372
1486
+ 00:30:30,810 --> 00:30:32,850
1487
+ ุงู„ oculo .. ุงู„ trochlear nerve ุจูŠุฌูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„
1488
+
1489
+ 373
1490
+ 00:30:32,850 --> 00:30:35,350
1491
+ posterior service ูˆ ุจูŠู„ู ู„ู„ุฃู…ุงู… ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„
1492
+
1493
+ 374
1494
+ 00:30:35,350 --> 00:30:40,910
1495
+ posterior service ูˆ ุจูŠู„ู ู„ู„ุฃู…ุงู… ู‡ูŠุนุชุจุฑ a pure
1496
+
1497
+ 375
1498
+ 00:30:40,910 --> 00:30:45,110
1499
+ motor nerve ูˆ ู‡ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุฃุตุบุฑ nerve ู…ู† ุงู„ cranial
1500
+
1501
+ 376
1502
+ 00:30:45,110 --> 00:30:45,370
1503
+ nerve
1504
+
1505
+ 377
1506
+ 00:30:51,000 --> 00:30:57,260
1507
+ ู‡ูŠูˆ ุจูŠููˆุชู„ู†ุง ู„ูˆูŠู† ู„ superior orbital fissure ู‡ูŠูˆ
1508
+
1509
+ 378
1510
+ 00:30:57,260 --> 00:31:04,360
1511
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ trochlear nerve supply ุฏูŠ superior oblique
1512
+
1513
+ 379
1514
+ 00:31:04,360 --> 00:31:12,240
1515
+ muscle ู…ู†ุชุฌู„
1516
+
1517
+ 380
1518
+ 00:31:12,240 --> 00:31:17,230
1519
+ ู„ู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุฏุณ abducent nerveabdocent nerve ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ
1520
+
1521
+ 381
1522
+ 00:31:17,230 --> 00:31:20,930
1523
+ ุงู„ู„ุงุชูŠู†ูŠุฉ for abduction site of the nucleus
1524
+
1525
+ 382
1526
+ 00:31:20,930 --> 00:31:25,150
1527
+ located in the lower part of the pons ุจู†ุชุงุฌูŠ
1528
+
1529
+ 383
1530
+ 00:31:25,150 --> 00:31:29,550
1531
+ ู„ู„ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ู… ู‡ุงูŠูˆ pons function it is a
1532
+
1533
+ 384
1534
+ 00:31:29,550 --> 00:31:34,450
1535
+ purely motor function supplied one muscle lateral
1536
+
1537
+ 385
1538
+ 00:31:34,450 --> 00:31:38,230
1539
+ rectus muscle ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง ุชุนู…ู„ abduction ู„ุงู„ eye
1540
+
1541
+ 386
1542
+ 00:31:38,230 --> 00:31:42,890
1543
+ laterallyImmersed ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ lower border of the
1544
+
1545
+ 387
1546
+ 00:31:42,890 --> 00:31:47,450
1547
+ pons between the pons and medulla oblongata ุจุนุฏู‡ุง
1548
+
1549
+ 388
1550
+ 00:31:47,450 --> 00:31:50,370
1551
+ ุจูŠูุชุชู„ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ medial .. medial ู…ุด lateral ..
1552
+
1553
+ 389
1554
+ 00:31:50,370 --> 00:31:54,870
1555
+ medial wall of cavernous sinus ูˆ enter the orbit
1556
+
1557
+ 390
1558
+ 00:31:54,870 --> 00:31:59,950
1559
+ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ a superior orbital fissure supplies only
1560
+
1561
+ 391
1562
+ 00:31:59,950 --> 00:32:05,830
1563
+ one muscle it is lateral rectus muscle Hi Andy ..
1564
+
1565
+ 392
1566
+ 00:32:05,830 --> 00:32:06,510
1567
+ small nerve
1568
+
1569
+ 393
1570
+ 00:32:10,570 --> 00:32:14,230
1571
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ abdocent
1572
+
1573
+ 394
1574
+ 00:32:14,230 --> 00:32:18,090
1575
+ nerve subilateral rectus muscle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ
1576
+
1577
+ 395
1578
+ 00:32:18,090 --> 00:32:25,030
1579
+ ุจุงู„ abduction of the eye laterally
1580
+
1581
+ 396
1582
+ 00:32:25,030 --> 00:32:30,370
1583
+ ุทุจ
1584
+
1585
+ 397
1586
+ 00:32:30,370 --> 00:32:34,050
1587
+ ุงู„ action of the ocular muscleุŒ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุนุฑู ุฅูŠุด ุญุฑูƒุฉ
1588
+
1589
+ 398
1590
+ 00:32:34,050 --> 00:32:39,330
1591
+ ุงู„ุฃูŠู†ุดูˆู ุฑุจู†ุง ุจูŠุญุจ ุงู„ุงุฏู„ ุจูŠุญุจ ุงู„ rectus ุงู„ุงุฏู„
1592
+
1593
+ 399
1594
+ 00:32:39,330 --> 00:32:43,090
1595
+ ุงู„ุงุนูˆุงุฌ ุฑุจู†ุง ู…ุงุจูŠุญุจู‡ ุฏุงูŠู…ุง ุฎุงู„ู ุชุนุฑู ุงู„ุงุฏู„ ุณู‡ู„
1596
+
1597
+ 400
1598
+ 00:32:43,090 --> 00:32:48,170
1599
+ ู…ุนุฑูˆู ุงู„ direction ุชุจุนุชู‡ ูˆ ุญุฑูƒุชู‡ ู„ lateral rectus
1600
+
1601
+ 401
1602
+ 00:32:48,170 --> 00:32:51,450
1603
+ muscle lateral rectus muscle ุจุชุญุฑูƒ ู„ุฃูŠู† ูˆูŠู†
1604
+
1605
+ 402
1606
+ 00:32:51,450 --> 00:32:54,850
1607
+ laterally ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุชุนู…ู„ abduction ู„ู„ eyeball
1608
+
1609
+ 403
1610
+ 00:32:54,850 --> 00:33:01,060
1611
+ laterally ุชู…ุงู…Medial rectus muscle ุจุชุญุฑูƒ ุงู„ุนูŠู†
1612
+
1613
+ 404
1614
+ 00:33:01,060 --> 00:33:04,500
1615
+ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุชุนู…ู„ adoption ู„ู„ุขูŠุฉุŒ ุงู„ lateral rectus muscle
1616
+
1617
+ 405
1618
+ 00:33:04,500 --> 00:33:07,560
1619
+ ุชุนู…ู„ abduction ู„ู„ุขูŠุฉุŒ ุงู„ medial rectus muscle ุชุนู…ู„
1620
+
1621
+ 406
1622
+ 00:33:07,560 --> 00:33:11,990
1623
+ adoption ู„ู„ุขูŠุฉsuperior rectus muscle ุจุชุนู…ู„
1624
+
1625
+ 407
1626
+ 00:33:11,990 --> 00:33:15,930
1627
+ elevation ู„ู„ุนูŠ superior ุจุชุฑูุน ุงู„ุนูŠู† ู„ููˆู‚ inferior
1628
+
1629
+ 408
1630
+ 00:33:15,930 --> 00:33:20,110
1631
+ rectus muscle ุจุชุนู…ู„ depression ู„ู„ุนูŠ inferiorly ู†ุฌูŠ
1632
+
1633
+ 409
1634
+ 00:33:20,110 --> 00:33:24,490
1635
+ ู„ู„ oblique superior oblique ุนูˆุฌุฉ ุงู„ superior
1636
+
1637
+ 410
1638
+ 00:33:24,490 --> 00:33:27,790
1639
+ oblique ุจุชู„ู ุงู„ุนูŠู† ู„ุชุญุช ุจุชุนู…ู„ depression ู„ู„ุนูŠ
1640
+
1641
+ 411
1642
+ 00:33:27,790 --> 00:33:33,110
1643
+ inferior oblique muscle ุจุชุนู…ู„ elevation ู„ู„ุนูŠ ุจุชุฑูุน
1644
+
1645
+ 412
1646
+ 00:33:33,110 --> 00:33:37,260
1647
+ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ู„ููˆู‚ ุนูƒุณ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ oblique ุทูŠุจููŠ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ
1648
+
1649
+ 413
1650
+ 00:33:37,260 --> 00:33:41,760
1651
+ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆู‡ุง ุงู„ recti muscle ุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ elevation ูˆ ุงู„
1652
+
1653
+ 414
1654
+ 00:33:41,760 --> 00:33:44,920
1655
+ depression ูƒู…ุงู† ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง adoption ู„ู„ I ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ
1656
+
1657
+ 415
1658
+ 00:33:44,920 --> 00:33:49,960
1659
+ ู‚ู„ู†ุงู„ูƒ superior rectus muscle ุจุชุนู…ู„ elevation ู…ุน
1660
+
1661
+ 416
1662
+ 00:33:49,960 --> 00:33:54,500
1663
+ adoption inferior rectus muscle ุจุชุนู…ู„ depression
1664
+
1665
+ 417
1666
+ 00:33:54,500 --> 00:33:58,960
1667
+ ู…ุน adoption superior oblique muscle ุจุชุนู…ู„
1668
+
1669
+ 418
1670
+ 00:33:58,960 --> 00:34:03,960
1671
+ elevation ู…ุน adoptioninferior oblique muscle
1672
+
1673
+ 419
1674
+ 00:34:03,960 --> 00:34:09,320
1675
+ superior oblique muscle ุชุนู…ู„ depression ู…ุน
1676
+
1677
+ 420
1678
+ 00:34:09,320 --> 00:34:14,660
1679
+ abduction depression ู…ุน abduction inferior oblique
1680
+
1681
+ 421
1682
+ 00:34:14,660 --> 00:34:18,880
1683
+ muscle ุชุนู…ู„ elevation ู…ุน abduction ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ
1684
+
1685
+ 422
1686
+ 00:34:18,880 --> 00:34:23,760
1687
+ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุทุจ elevator bulbipria superioris
1688
+
1689
+ 423
1690
+ 00:34:23,760 --> 00:34:29,820
1691
+ ุจุชุฑูุน ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุนูŠู† ู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช lateral
1692
+
1693
+ 424
1694
+ 00:34:31,910 --> 00:34:39,430
1695
+ rectus muscle medial rectus muscle ู†ุฌุญุงู† inferior
1696
+
1697
+ 425
1698
+ 00:34:39,430 --> 00:34:47,190
1699
+ rectus muscle superior rectus muscle superior
1700
+
1701
+ 426
1702
+ 00:34:47,190 --> 00:34:55,210
1703
+ oblique muscle inferior oblique muscle elevator
1704
+
1705
+ 427
1706
+ 00:34:58,710 --> 00:35:04,090
1707
+ Superioris ุฃูˆ ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ุง elevator palpebria
1708
+
1709
+ 428
1710
+ 00:35:04,090 --> 00:35:07,470
1711
+ superioris ุฃูˆ elevator palpebria superioris ู†ูุณ
1712
+
1713
+ 429
1714
+ 00:35:07,470 --> 00:35:12,770
1715
+ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุฃูˆ elevator palpebria superioris
1716
+
1717
+ 430
1718
+ 00:35:14,280 --> 00:35:18,240
1719
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุนูŠู† ูˆุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ููŠ ุนุถู„ุชูŠู† smooth
1720
+
1721
+ 431
1722
+ 00:35:18,240 --> 00:35:21,800
1723
+ ุฃูˆ ุซู„ุงุซ ุนุถู„ุงุช smooth, ciliary muscle ูˆ constructor
1724
+
1725
+ 432
1726
+ 00:35:21,800 --> 00:35:24,080
1727
+ pupil muscle ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ู…ู† ุงู„ oculomotor nerve
1728
+
1729
+ 433
1730
+ 00:35:24,080 --> 00:35:27,880
1731
+ ูˆููŠ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุงุณู…ุฉ dilator pupil muscle ุจุชูˆุณุน ุจู‚ุจู‡
1732
+
1733
+ 434
1734
+ 00:35:27,880 --> 00:35:35,620
1735
+ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† sympathetic nervous system okay ู‡ุฐู‡
1736
+
1737
+ 435
1738
+ 00:35:35,620 --> 00:35:40,260
1739
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก slide ุจูŠูˆุถุญู„ู†ุง ุงู„ eye muscles
1740
+
1741
+ 436
1742
+ 00:35:40,260 --> 00:35:46,200
1743
+ extraocular musclesูˆู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ direction ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ eye
1744
+
1745
+ 437
1746
+ 00:35:46,200 --> 00:35:53,020
1747
+ movement ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ abduction ู‡ุฐุง ู„ู„ุฏุงุฎู„ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู„ู„ุฎุงุฑุฌ
1748
+
1749
+ 438
1750
+ 00:35:53,020 --> 00:35:56,900
1751
+ ู‡ุฐุง depression ู„ุชุญุช ูˆ elevation ู„ููˆู‚ ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง media
1752
+
1753
+ 439
1754
+ 00:35:56,900 --> 00:36:00,000
1755
+ rectus muscle abduction lateral rectus muscle
1756
+
1757
+ 440
1758
+ 00:36:00,000 --> 00:36:04,520
1759
+ abduction superior rectus muscle elevation ู…ุน
1760
+
1761
+ 441
1762
+ 00:36:04,520 --> 00:36:08,760
1763
+ abduction inferior rectus muscle depression ู…ุน
1764
+
1765
+ 442
1766
+ 00:36:08,760 --> 00:36:12,300
1767
+ abduction superior oblique muscle ุงู„ุนูƒุณุงู†
1768
+
1769
+ 443
1770
+ 00:36:13,350 --> 00:36:17,010
1771
+ depression ู…ุน abduction ูˆ inferior oblique muscle
1772
+
1773
+ 444
1774
+ 00:36:17,010 --> 00:36:21,370
1775
+ elevation ู…ุน abduction ุงู„ oblique ุจุนูƒุณู‡ ุงู„
1776
+
1777
+ 445
1778
+ 00:36:21,370 --> 00:36:24,650
1779
+ superior ุจุชุนู…ู„ inferior ุงูˆ depression ูˆ ุงู„
1780
+
1781
+ 446
1782
+ 00:36:24,650 --> 00:36:29,310
1783
+ inferior ุจ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝุนู…ู„ elevation ู‡ุฐู‡ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู…
1784
+
1785
+ 447
1786
+ 00:36:29,310 --> 00:36:36,170
1787
+ ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช abduction ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„ู‡ุง
1788
+
1789
+ 448
1790
+ 00:36:36,170 --> 00:36:40,230
1791
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ lateral rectus muscle abduction ู…ูŠู†
1792
+
1793
+ 449
1794
+ 00:36:40,230 --> 00:36:44,980
1795
+ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู‡ุงุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ media rectus muscle ู†ุฌูŠ ู„ุชุญุช
1796
+
1797
+ 450
1798
+ 00:36:44,980 --> 00:36:49,860
1799
+ depression ู…ุน adoption inferior rectus muscle ุชู…ุงู…
1800
+
1801
+ 451
1802
+ 00:36:49,860 --> 00:36:54,420
1803
+ elevation ู…ุน up adoption superior rectus muscle
1804
+
1805
+ 452
1806
+ 00:36:55,250 --> 00:36:58,890
1807
+ Elevation ู…ุน abduction inferior oblique muscle
1808
+
1809
+ 453
1810
+ 00:36:58,890 --> 00:37:02,650
1811
+ Depression ู…ุน abduction superior oblique muscle
1812
+
1813
+ 454
1814
+ 00:37:02,650 --> 00:37:10,050
1815
+ ุงุญู†ุง ุฑุงุฌุนู†ุง ูƒู„ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ุงู† ูˆ ุจูƒุชููŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุฆูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰
1816
+
1817
+ 455
1818
+ 00:37:10,050 --> 00:37:12,890
1819
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู…ู†ู‡ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ ocular nerves
1820
+
1821
+ 456
1822
+ 00:37:12,890 --> 00:37:16,870
1823
+ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฑุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ trigeminal
1824
+
1825
+ 457
1826
+ 00:37:16,870 --> 00:37:17,130
1827
+ nerves
1828
+
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/927sW7ATxvc.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,1613 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:05,010 --> 00:00:08,550
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:08,550 --> 00:00:14,970
7
+ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ุงู„ุขู† ุจู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุณุงุจุนุฉ
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:14,970 --> 00:00:20,150
11
+ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุจูŠุฒุง ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ุฏุงูŠู†ุณูŠูุงู„ูˆู† ุงู† ุณูŠุฑูŠุจูŠู„ุง ููŠ
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:20,150 --> 00:00:24,110
15
+ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ุช ู…ุนูƒู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจูŠุฒุง ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:24,110 --> 00:00:27,430
19
+ ุฃู†ูˆุงุนู‡ู… ูˆุฃุฌุฒุงู‡ู… ูˆุงู„ู€ functions ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุจูŠุฒุง
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:27,430 --> 00:00:31,620
23
+ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ูˆ ุจุฏุฃุช ููŠ ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:31,620 --> 00:00:34,460
27
+ Diencephalon ุฃุฎุฏู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Diencephalon ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:34,460 --> 00:00:39,320
31
+ Thalamus and Epithalamus ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ููŠ ุฌุฒุก ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู†
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:39,320 --> 00:00:44,640
35
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุชู†ุง ุฑุงุญ ุฃูƒู…ู„ Metathalamus, Subthalamus and
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:44,640 --> 00:00:49,720
39
+ Hypothalamus ูˆู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงุฆูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:49,720 --> 00:00:55,320
43
+ cerebellum ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุขู† ุฑุงุญ ุฃูƒู…ู„ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:00:55,320 --> 00:01:02,310
47
+ Diencephalon ู…ุชุฐูƒุฑูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ุฉ ุฑุณู…ู†ุง
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:02,310 --> 00:01:08,830
51
+ Diencephalon ูˆู‚ู„ู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ thalamus ู‡ุฐุง
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:08,830 --> 00:01:14,510
55
+ thalamus ู‡ู†ุง
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:14,510 --> 00:01:20,410
59
+ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† interthalamic adhesions ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:20,410 --> 00:01:25,930
63
+ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ subthalamus ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู… ูˆู…ู† ุชุญุช ุจูŠุฌูŠ
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:26,920 --> 00:01:33,320
67
+ hypothalamus ู…ุฑุชุจุท ุจุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡ pituitary gland ูˆููŠ
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:33,320 --> 00:01:39,180
71
+ ุงู„ุฎู„ู ุจูŠูƒูˆู† inferior ุจูŠูƒูˆู† metathalamus superior ูˆ
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:39,180 --> 00:01:45,280
75
+ posterior ุจูŠูƒูˆู† epithalamus ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู€
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:45,280 --> 00:01:51,400
79
+ midbrain pons medulla
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:51,400 --> 00:01:52,220
83
+ oblongata
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:01:54,530 --> 00:01:58,970
87
+ ูˆุจู†ู†ุฒู„ spinal cord spinal cord medulla oblongata
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:01:58,970 --> 00:02:11,790
91
+ bones mid brain ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠ diencephalon okay
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:11,790 --> 00:02:18,270
95
+ you can see metathalamus ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† part of
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:18,270 --> 00:02:23,670
99
+ diencephalon, part of the encephalon which is
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:23,670 --> 00:02:29,330
103
+ attached to the posterior inferior surface of
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:29,330 --> 00:02:32,930
107
+ thalamus ู‡ูˆ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ posterior inferior
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:32,930 --> 00:02:36,610
111
+ surface of thalamus ุทุจ ุงู„ู€ epithalamus ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:36,610 --> 00:02:40,730
115
+ posterior superior surface of thalamus ุงู„ู€
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:40,730 --> 00:02:44,990
119
+ metathalamus contains two parts ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุฌุฒุฆูŠู†
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:44,990 --> 00:02:52,320
123
+ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ Lateral geniculate body ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:02:52,320 --> 00:02:59,810
127
+ Medial geniculate body ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:02:59,810 --> 00:03:04,310
131
+ vision ูˆุงุถูŠูุชู‡ visual function connected with
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:03:04,310 --> 00:03:10,030
135
+ superior colliculus of the midbrain ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ู€ medial
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:10,030 --> 00:03:14,830
139
+ geniculate body ู‡ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ hearing ูˆ connected
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:14,830 --> 00:03:18,050
143
+ with inferior
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:20,220 --> 00:03:23,800
147
+ colliculus ูŠุจู‚ู‰ with inferior colliculus ูŠู‚ูˆู„ media
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:23,800 --> 00:03:27,080
151
+ geniculate body ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจูŠู‡ ุจุงู„hearing ูˆ
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:27,080 --> 00:03:31,340
155
+ connected with ุงูŠู‡ with inferior colliculus ู‡ุงูŠ
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:31,340 --> 00:03:33,980
159
+ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ slide lateral geniculate body visual
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:33,980 --> 00:03:37,760
163
+ function ูˆ media geniculate body ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:37,760 --> 00:03:40,460
167
+ hearing ุฃูˆ auditory function hearing ุฃูˆ auditory
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:40,460 --> 00:03:47,040
171
+ the same ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ุฅู† ุงู„ู€ lateral geniculate body
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:03:52,240 --> 00:03:59,180
175
+ ูˆ medial geniculate body ุงู„ู€ medial geniculate body
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:03:59,180 --> 00:04:09,440
179
+ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ุจู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุจู€ inferior colliculus ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ู€ lateral
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:04:09,440 --> 00:04:14,000
183
+ geniculate body ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ุจู€ superior colliculus ูˆู„ุงุญุธูˆุง
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:14,000 --> 00:04:18,520
187
+ ุงู„ู€ lateral geniculate body ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ุจู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุจู€
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:18,520 --> 00:04:24,550
191
+ optic tract ู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจู€ visual function visual
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:24,550 --> 00:04:31,830
195
+ function ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ู€ medial geniculate body ู…ุฑุชุจุท ุจุงู„ู€
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:31,830 --> 00:04:35,430
199
+ inferior colliculus ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ hearing ุฃูˆ
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:35,430 --> 00:04:39,790
203
+ auditory function ูŠูˆู… ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ pathway of
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:39,790 --> 00:04:44,510
207
+ vision ุงุชุทุฑู‚ู†ุง ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน lateral geniculate body ูˆ
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:04:44,510 --> 00:04:49,670
211
+ ูŠูˆู… ุงุชูƒู„ู…ุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ hearing ุงุชูƒู„ู…ุช ุนู„ู‰ medial
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:04:49,670 --> 00:04:54,460
215
+ geniculate body ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ lateral geniculate body
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:04:54,460 --> 00:04:57,660
219
+ ูˆ ู‡ุฐู‡ media geniculate body ุงู„ู€ media geniculate
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:04:57,660 --> 00:05:01,620
223
+ body ู„ู‡ุง connection ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ inferior colliculus ูˆ ุงู„ู€
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:05:01,620 --> 00:05:03,740
227
+ lateral geniculate body ู„ู‡ุง connection ู…ุน ุงู„ู€
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:05:03,740 --> 00:05:07,460
231
+ superior colliculus of midbrain
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:09,440 --> 00:05:13,940
235
+ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ a part of the encephalon which is located
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:13,940 --> 00:05:19,040
239
+ between the thalamus and middle brainุŒ ุฅู„ู‡ ุฌุฒุฆูŠู†ุŒ
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:19,040 --> 00:05:22,620
243
+ ุฅู„ู‡ posterior part ูˆ anterior part ูˆ ุงู„ู€ anterior
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:22,620 --> 00:05:25,660
247
+ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ูˆุงู„ู€ posterior ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุฃุฌุฒุงุกุŒ
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:25,660 --> 00:05:28,880
251
+ ู…ุงุจุฏู‰ ุฃุถุทุฑู‚ ู„ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ู‡ุฐุงุŒ ุฅูŠู‡ ุจูŠูƒููŠู†ูŠ ุฃุนุฑู ุฅู†ู‡ ุตุฏุฑ
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:05:28,880 --> 00:05:32,300
255
+ ุงู„ู€ thalamus ูˆูŠู† ู…ูƒุงู†ู‡ุŒ ูˆูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุงู„ุนุงููŠุฉ ุจุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ ูˆูŠู†
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:05:32,300 --> 00:05:36,400
259
+ ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ subthalamus ุจูŠู‚ุน ุชุญุช ุฅูŠุดุŸ ุชุญุช ุงู„ู€ thalamus
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:05:36,400 --> 00:05:39,680
263
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูˆู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจูŠู‚ุน ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ุชุญุช ุงู„ู€ thalamus
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:05:39,680 --> 00:05:43,920
267
+ ูˆ ุจูŠู‚ุน above ุงู„ู€ midbrain ููˆู‚ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ู€
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:05:43,920 --> 00:05:50,200
271
+ midbrain ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุญุตูˆุฑ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ thalamus ูˆ midbrain
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:05:50,200 --> 00:05:58,980
275
+ ู„ุฃู† ููŠ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ู…ู‡ู… hypothalamus hypothalamus it is
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:05:58,980 --> 00:06:05,350
279
+ part of diencephalon located in front of the
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:05,350 --> 00:06:11,870
283
+ subthalamus ุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู…ุงู… ุงู„ู€ subthalamus and anterior
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:11,870 --> 00:06:15,030
287
+ inferiorly ู„ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ู„ุซู„ุงู…ุณ
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:06:23,150 --> 00:06:28,050
291
+ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Thalamus ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ Neuroendocrine
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:06:28,050 --> 00:06:33,030
295
+ organุŒ Neuroendocrine organุŒ ู„ุญุธุฉ ุญุฌู… ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซู„ุงู…ุณ
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:06:33,030 --> 00:06:38,490
299
+ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู…ู† ุนุดุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุญุฌู… ุงู„ู€ brainุŒ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู…ู† ุนุดุฑุฉ ู…ู†
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:06:38,490 --> 00:06:44,620
303
+ ุญุฌู… ุงู„ู€ brainุŒ ู„ูƒู† it is very ู‡ูˆ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏู‹ุง ู…ู†
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:06:44,620 --> 00:06:49,420
307
+ ู†ุธุงู… ุงู„ู†ูŠุฑุจุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฌุฒุก ุฌุฏู‹ุง ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏู‹ุง ู…ู† ู†ุธุงู…
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:06:49,420 --> 00:06:53,680
311
+ ุงู„ู†ูŠุฑุจุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ููŠ ุจู†ุงุก ุงู„ุญุฑู…ูˆู†ุงุช ูˆ
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:06:53,680 --> 00:06:59,160
315
+ ุจู†ุงุก ุงู„ุงู†ู‡ูŠุจูˆุชูˆุฑูŠ ูˆุฅุทู„ุงู‚ ุงู„ุญุฑู…ูˆู†ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„ ุฅูŠู‡
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:06:59,160 --> 00:07:03,920
319
+ ุงู„ู€ control ุจุชุดุชุฑูŠ ุฌู„ุงู†ุฏ ุงู„ุบุฏุงู† ุงู„ู†ุฎุงู…ูŠุฉ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ูˆ
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:03,920 --> 00:07:06,600
323
+ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ู†ูŠูˆุฑูˆ ุงู†ุฏูˆูƒุฑุงูŠู† ุฃูˆุฑุบุงู†
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:10,110 --> 00:07:14,350
327
+ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ุงู…ุณ
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:07:14,350 --> 00:07:19,930
331
+ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ุงู…ุณ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ุงู…ุณ ู‡ุฐุง
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:07:19,930 --> 00:07:20,810
335
+ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ุงู…ุณ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ุงู…ุณ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ุงู…ุณ
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:07:34,270 --> 00:07:38,950
339
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ hypothalamus ู…ุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุน ุงู„ู€
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:07:38,950 --> 00:07:42,970
343
+ Pituitary gland posterior loop ูˆ anterior loop Okay
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:07:42,970 --> 00:07:47,710
347
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง Superior ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ู†ุง Epithalamus ูˆ
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:07:47,710 --> 00:07:52,550
351
+ ุชุญุช ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ู†ุง Metathalamus ู‡ุฐุง ุชุฑูƒูŠุจุฉ ูˆุชูˆุฒูŠุนู‡
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:07:52,550 --> 00:07:56,290
355
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Diencephalon Diencephalon ูŠุจู‚ู‰
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:07:56,290 --> 00:08:00,450
359
+ ุงู„ู€ hypothalamus located anterior ู„ู„ู€ subthalamus ูˆ
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:08:00,450 --> 00:08:05,710
363
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† anterior inferior ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ู€ thalamus ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠุณู…ูˆุง
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:08:05,710 --> 00:08:07,990
367
+ hypothalamus
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:08:10,370 --> 00:08:14,930
371
+ ุฃูŠ ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซู„ุงู…ุณ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ optic part ูˆ
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:08:14,930 --> 00:08:19,410
375
+ ุงู„ู€ tubular part ูˆ ุงู„ู€ mammary part ู…ุงุฑุงุญ ุฃููˆุช ููŠ
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:08:19,410 --> 00:08:22,830
379
+ ุชุฑูƒูŠุจู‡ู… ูˆุงู„ู†ูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ู… ู‡ุถู„ ุจุดุฑุญู‡ู…
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:08:22,830 --> 00:08:27,510
383
+ ู„ู„ุทุจ ูƒู„ ุฌุฒุก ุฅูŠุด ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠู‡ ู†ูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ู‡ู„ ู…ุงุฑุงุญ ุฃุชูˆุณุน
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:08:27,510 --> 00:08:32,270
387
+ ุฃุดุฑุญ ูƒุซูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ ู„ูƒู† ุจู†ุนุฑู ูˆูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซู„ุงู…ุณ ุงู„ู€
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:08:32,270 --> 00:08:35,050
391
+ functions of hypothalamus ุฅูŠุด ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ู€ hypothalamus
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:08:36,540 --> 00:08:39,480
395
+ regulation of temperature ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจู€ regulation
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:08:39,480 --> 00:08:42,320
399
+ of temperature ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงู† ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:08:42,320 --> 00:08:47,580
403
+ ู†ุฒูŠู ุฏู…ุงุบูŠ ูˆุฃุซู†ุงุก ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู†ุฒูŠู ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบูŠ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนู‡
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:08:47,580 --> 00:08:50,840
407
+ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ู‡ุฐุง ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:08:50,840 --> 00:08:55,540
411
+ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ู‚ุฏ ุชูƒูˆู† central fever ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ ู†ุงุชุฌ
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:08:55,540 --> 00:09:00,860
415
+ ุนู† irritation of blood to the hypothalamus ุจูŠุนู…ู„
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:09:00,860 --> 00:09:07,110
419
+ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชู‡ูŠุฌ ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู€ thermoregulatory receptors
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:09:07,110 --> 00:09:11,150
423
+ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุชุงู„ู…ูˆุณ ูˆ ุจุชุฑุชูุน ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:09:11,150 --> 00:09:15,070
427
+ ุงุซู†ูŠู† emotional regulation ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ regulation
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:09:15,070 --> 00:09:20,790
431
+ of emotions ุงู„ุนุงุทูุฉ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุงู„ู€ growth function ุงู„ู†ู…ูˆ
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:09:20,790 --> 00:09:27,730
435
+ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ hunger and thirst ุฃู†ุง ุฌูˆุนุงู† ุฃู†ุง ุนุทุดุงู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:09:27,730 --> 00:09:29,910
439
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุชุงู„ู…ูˆุณ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุชุงู„ู…ูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:09:29,910 --> 00:09:35,650
443
+ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู†ุฃูƒู„ ุฃูˆ ู†ุดุฑุจ sexual behavior control of
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:09:35,650 --> 00:09:39,690
447
+ various endocrine and activity rhythm ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู€
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:09:39,690 --> 00:09:43,990
451
+ hormones ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ุฐุงูƒุฑุฉ memory visual memory
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:09:43,990 --> 00:09:49,150
455
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุดูุช ุดุฎุต ูˆุจุนุฏ ุณู†ุฉ ุบุงุจ ุนู†ูŠ ุงุชุฐูƒุฑุช ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุฅู†
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:09:49,150 --> 00:09:54,660
459
+ ุฃู†ุง ุดูุช ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏู‹ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูŠู„ู…ุณ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ู‡ุฐุง ุฃุญุฏ
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:09:54,660 --> 00:09:59,220
463
+ ุฃุตุฏู‚ุงุฆูŠ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ู…ุนู‡ ููŠ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุจุนุฏ ูุชุฑุฉ ุตุฏูŠู‚ ุซุงู†ูŠ
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:09:59,220 --> 00:10:01,120
467
+ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ู‚ู„ุช ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฃู†ุง ุณู…ุนุช ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุญูƒู‰ ู„ูŠู‡
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:10:01,120 --> 00:10:05,520
471
+ ุตุงุญุจูŠ ูˆูƒุฏู‡ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ verbal memory verbal
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:10:05,520 --> 00:10:10,560
475
+ memory ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ุฐุงูƒุฑุฉ connections of
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:10:10,560 --> 00:10:13,500
479
+ hypothalamus with hypophysis ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ hypophysis
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:10:13,500 --> 00:10:17,440
483
+ ู‡ูˆ pituitary gland ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุฎุฏุชู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ general
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:10:17,440 --> 00:10:22,710
487
+ ููŠ ุงู„ููŠุณูŠูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง ุฃูˆ ูƒุฏู‡ ุงู„ู€ hormones ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ Anti
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:10:22,710 --> 00:10:27,670
491
+ -diuretic hormone ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Oxytocin ุจุตู†ุนู‡ู… ุงู„ู€
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:10:27,670 --> 00:10:31,710
495
+ hypothalamus Hypothalamus ุฅูŠุด ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ู€ OxytocinุŸ
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:10:31,710 --> 00:10:35,550
499
+ ุงู„ู€ Oxytocin ู‡ุฐุง ุจุดุชุบู„ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุณุชุงุช ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ูˆู„ุงุฏุฉ ู…ุน
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:10:35,550 --> 00:10:38,870
503
+ ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู† ุฃุณุชุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ increase
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:10:38,870 --> 00:10:41,910
507
+ contractivity function ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ uterine
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:10:41,910 --> 00:10:47,030
511
+ contraction ุจุชู‚ู„ุตุงุช ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฑุญู… ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ูˆู„ุงุฏุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:10:47,030 --> 00:10:50,610
515
+ ู‡ูˆ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู€ females ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู€ females ุงู„ู€
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:10:50,610 --> 00:10:55,270
519
+ vasopressin ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ antidiuretic hormone ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ู†ู‚ุต
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:10:55,270 --> 00:10:57,970
523
+ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ antidiuretic hormone ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ vasopressin
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:10:57,970 --> 00:11:03,690
527
+ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูŠุตุงุจ ุจู…ุฑุถ ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุงู„ูƒุงุฐุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:11:03,690 --> 00:11:07,830
531
+ diabetes insipidus ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ู€ hormone ู‡ุฐุง ุฅุญู†ุง
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:11:07,830 --> 00:11:10,490
535
+ ุจู†ุดุฑุจ ู…ูŠุงู‡ ุจู†ุฑูˆุญ ุญู…ุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ูˆ ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:11:10,490 --> 00:11:13,030
539
+ hormone ู‡ุฐุง ูƒุงู† ูƒู„ ุงู„ุณูˆุงุฆู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ุชู†ุฒู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:11:13,030 --> 00:11:16,410
543
+ urine ุชู†ุฒู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ urine ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ hormone ุจูŠุนู…ู„
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:11:16,410 --> 00:11:23,140
547
+ reabsorption ููŠ ุงู„ูƒู„ู‰ ู„ู…ู†ุŸ ู„ู„ุณูˆุงุฆู„ ุจู…ู†ุน ุงู„ุณูˆุงุฆู„
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:11:23,140 --> 00:11:26,800
551
+ ุชุฎุฑุฌ ู…ุน ุงู„ุจูˆู„ ุจูƒู…ูŠุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ููŠ
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:11:26,800 --> 00:11:29,860
555
+ ู†ู‚ุต ุนูŠู†ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุจูŠุดุฑุจ ู…ูŠุฉ ูˆุน
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:11:29,860 --> 00:11:33,420
559
+ ุงู„ุญู…ุงู… ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ุจุฏู‡ ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงุฑ ุฅูŠุด ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู…ูŠุฉ ูŠุธู„ูˆุง
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:11:33,420 --> 00:11:36,660
563
+ ูŠุดุฑุจูˆุง ููŠู‡ ูˆุน ุงู„ุญู…ุงู… transit ุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ุจุชุทู„ุน ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:11:36,660 --> 00:11:39,980
567
+ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู† ูŠุนู…ู„ ุญุฌุฒ ุจู…ู†ุน ุงู„ุณูˆุงุฆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎุฑูˆุฌ
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:11:39,980 --> 00:11:46,360
571
+ ุจูƒู…ูŠุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ antidiuretic ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจู…ู†ุน ุฎุฑูˆุฌ ุงู„ุจูˆู„
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:11:46,360 --> 00:11:56,020
575
+ ุจูƒู…ูŠุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซู„ุงู…ุณ ู‡ูŠ ุฑูˆู„ุฉ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ููŠ ู†ุดุทุฉ ู†ุดุฑ
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:11:56,020 --> 00:12:00,960
579
+ ุงู„ุญุฑู…ูˆู† ูˆู†ุดุฑ ุงู„ุญุฑู…ูˆู† ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซู„ุงู…ุณ ุจูŠูุฑุฒู„ู†ุง
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:12:00,960 --> 00:12:04,640
583
+ ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู†ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุชุนู…ู„ control ู„ู€ Pituitary
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:12:04,640 --> 00:12:08,680
587
+ gland ุฅู…ุง ุจุชุฒูˆุฏ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… ุฃูˆ ุจุชุฎูู ุงู„ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุชุจุนุช ู…ูŠู†ุŸ
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:12:08,680 --> 00:12:13,160
591
+ Pituitary gland ุทุจ ุงู„ู€ Oxytocin ูˆ ุงู„ู€ antidiuretic
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:12:13,160 --> 00:12:17,060
595
+ hormone ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุฃูˆ ุบุงุฒูˆุจุฑูŠุณูŠู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ู€ hypothalamus
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:12:17,060 --> 00:12:21,520
599
+ ุจูุฑุฒู‡ู… ูˆุจูŠุณู„ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุงู‡ุฒูŠู† ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ู€ posterior loop
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:12:21,520 --> 00:12:23,280
603
+ of Pituitary gland
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:12:31,410 --> 00:12:40,910
607
+ ู‡ุฐุง posterior loop ูˆู‡ุฐุง anterior loop ู‡ูŠูˆุถุญ
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:12:40,910 --> 00:12:44,710
611
+ ุฅู† ู‡ุฐุง ู…ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซู„ุงู…ุณ ููŠู‡ ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู†ุงุช ุจูŠุณู„ู…ูˆุง
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:12:44,710 --> 00:12:50,330
615
+ ู…ุฌู‡ุฒูŠู† ู„ู„ู€ posterior loop of pituitary gland ูˆู‡ู†ุง
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:12:50,330 --> 00:12:55,330
619
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ anterior loop of pituitary gland ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:12:55,330 --> 00:13:01,180
623
+ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุฃุตูŠุจ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซู„ุงู…ุณ ููŠ ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ุชูŠุฌูŠ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:13:01,180 --> 00:13:05,960
627
+ Endocrine ุฃูˆ metabolic syndromeุŒ hypogonadism
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:13:05,960 --> 00:13:10,570
631
+ ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌุงุจ ุจุญุฏุซ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุงุซู†ูŠู†ุŒ diabetes
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:13:10,570 --> 00:13:14,190
635
+ insipidus ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงู‡ู… ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุงู„ูƒุงุฐุจุŒ ุจูŠุถู„ูˆุง
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:13:14,190 --> 00:13:17,850
639
+ ูŠุดุฑุจูˆุง ู…ูŠุฉ ูƒุซูŠุฑ ูˆูŠุจูˆู„ูˆุง ูƒุซูŠุฑุŒ ุจู†ููƒุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู†ุฏู‡
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:13:17,850 --> 00:13:20,890
643
+ ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุจู†ูุญุต ุงู„ู€ glucose ููŠ ุงู„ู€ bloodุŒ ุจู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:13:20,890 --> 00:13:24,030
647
+ normalุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฅู† ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุงู„ูƒุงุฐุจุŒ ู†ู‚ุต
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:13:24,030 --> 00:13:28,070
651
+ ููŠู‡ hormone ุงู„ู€ antidiureticุŒ opposite ุณู…ู†ุฉุŒ
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:13:28,070 --> 00:13:33,290
655
+ ุงู„ุฃูุฑุงุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุฒู†ุŒ ุณู…ู†ุฉุŒ anorexia ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูู‚ุฏุงู†
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:13:33,290 --> 00:13:39,820
659
+ ุงู„ุดู‡ูŠุฉุŒ loss of appetite ุจูˆู„ูŠู…ูŠุง ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูƒุงู†
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:13:39,820 --> 00:13:43,920
663
+ ุนู†ุฏู‡ stroke of head trauma severe head trauma ู‡ุฐุง
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:13:43,920 --> 00:13:46,980
667
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุฌุณู… ุงู„ู€ neurology ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุฃูˆูƒุฑุงู†ูŠุง
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:13:46,980 --> 00:13:51,300
671
+ ู…ุงุฎู„ุงุด ุชู„ุงุฌุฉ ู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุณุฑู‚ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ุฃูƒู„ ุฎู„ุงุต ู…ุงุญุฏุด
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:13:51,300 --> 00:13:54,520
675
+ ู…ู…ู†ุนู‡ ุนู† ุงู„ุฃูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ูŠุฃูƒู„ ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ูŠูˆู…
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:13:54,520 --> 00:13:58,060
679
+ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ูŠุฃูƒู„ ูŠุฃูƒู„ ูˆุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ูŠูู„ ุงู„ุชู†ูƒ ุชุจุนู‡ ูŠุฑูˆุญ ูŠุนู…ู„
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:13:58,060 --> 00:14:01,960
683
+ vomiting ูŠุฑุฌุน ู…ู† ูƒุชุฑ ู…ุง ุฃูƒู„ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ูŠุฑูˆุญ ูŠุฃูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:14:01,960 --> 00:14:07,250
687
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุฅูŠู‡ ุจูˆู„ูŠู…ูŠุง eat much ูˆ it's associated with
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:14:07,250 --> 00:14:10,250
691
+ vomiting ุจูŠุถู„ ูŠุฃูƒู„ ูˆูŠุฑุฌุน ูŠุฃูƒู„ ูˆูŠุฑุฌุน ู‡ูˆูŠุชู‡ ุงู„ุฃูƒู„
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:14:10,250 --> 00:14:14,030
695
+ ุจุณ ุญุฏ ููŠู‡ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู€ hypothalamus ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:14:14,030 --> 00:14:17,970
699
+ central hyperthermia ุฃูˆ hypothermia ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:14:17,970 --> 00:14:21,590
703
+ ูŠุฏุฎู„ ููŠ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ูˆูŠูƒูˆู† ู†ุงุชุฌ ุนู† ุฅูŠู‡
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:14:21,590 --> 00:14:25,570
707
+ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ ู…ู† ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ hypothalamus
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:14:25,570 --> 00:14:30,370
711
+ ูˆู‚ุฏ ูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง neurological disturbances psychic
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:14:30,370 --> 00:14:33,010
715
+ disturbances ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ู†ูุณูŠุฉ ุงุถุทุฑุงุจุงุช ู†ูุณูŠุฉ
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:14:34,540 --> 00:14:37,020
719
+ Extrapyramidal manifestation ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู…
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:14:37,020 --> 00:14:41,600
723
+ involuntary movement ุญุฑูƒุงุช ู„ุง ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ ูˆ I signs
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:14:41,600 --> 00:14:45,480
727
+ miosis ุฃูˆ ู…ุฏุฑูŠุงุณูŠ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุฅุญู†ุง ุจู†ุนุฑู ุงู„ู€ sympathetic
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:14:45
731
+
732
+ 201
733
+ 00:16:04,690 --> 00:16:09,770
734
+ ุจุญุฏู‡ู… ุงู„ู€ cavernous sinus ูˆ its contents ูˆุงู„ู€
735
+
736
+ 202
737
+ 00:16:09,770 --> 00:16:13,490
738
+ contents ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠู‡ ู…ุน ู…ูŠู† ู…ุฑุชุจุท ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€
739
+
740
+ 203
741
+ 00:16:13,490 --> 00:16:16,610
742
+ pituitary gland connected with hypothalamus ู…ุน ุงู„ู€
743
+
744
+ 204
745
+ 00:16:16,610 --> 00:16:22,970
746
+ hypothalamus ุจุชู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† anterior loop ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง
747
+
748
+ 205
749
+ 00:16:22,970 --> 00:16:27,470
750
+ adenohypophysis ูˆ posterior loop ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง
751
+
752
+ 206
753
+ 00:16:27,470 --> 00:16:29,490
754
+ neurohypophysis
755
+
756
+ 207
757
+ 00:16:31,050 --> 00:16:35,530
758
+ ูู‡ูŠ ุงู„ pituitary gland ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ู…ุน ู…ูŠู† ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู…ุน
759
+
760
+ 208
761
+ 00:16:35,530 --> 00:16:40,550
762
+ ุงู„hypothalamus ุจูŠุญุฏู‡ุง ู…ู† ุชุญุช sphenoid sinus ูˆ
763
+
764
+ 209
765
+ 00:16:40,550 --> 00:16:45,850
766
+ sphenoid bone ู…ู† ุฃุนู„ู‰ ููŠ ุฏูŠุงูุฑุงุฌ ู…ุซู„ ู‡ุฐุง ูุตู„ู‡ุง ุนู†
767
+
768
+ 210
769
+ 00:16:45,850 --> 00:16:50,450
770
+ ุงู„ optic chiasm on each side ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง ุงู„
771
+
772
+ 211
773
+ 00:16:50,450 --> 00:16:53,450
774
+ cavernous sinus and its contents
775
+
776
+ 212
777
+ 00:16:56,650 --> 00:17:00,570
778
+ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ posterior loop ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
779
+
780
+ 213
781
+ 00:17:00,570 --> 00:17:04,350
782
+ neurohypophysis ูˆ anterior loop ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
783
+
784
+ 214
785
+ 00:17:04,350 --> 00:17:12,950
786
+ adenohypophysis ุงู„ functions of pituitary gland ุงู„
787
+
788
+ 215
789
+ 00:17:12,950 --> 00:17:15,430
790
+ anterior ูˆ pituitary hormones ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูุฑุฒูˆุง ู…ู† ุงู„
791
+
792
+ 216
793
+ 00:17:15,430 --> 00:17:20,570
794
+ anterior loop growth hormoneุŒ ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู† ุงู„ู†ู…ูˆุŒ
795
+
796
+ 217
797
+ 00:17:20,570 --> 00:17:26,100
798
+ prolactin hormoneุŒ ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู† ุงู„ุญู„ูŠุจุŒ ูุงู„ู…ู„ูƒู„ูˆ ุฒุงุฏ
799
+
800
+ 218
801
+ 00:17:26,100 --> 00:17:33,540
802
+ ู†ุณุจุชู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตุจุญ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ูˆุฑู… ุงู„ุจุฑูˆู„ุงูƒุชูŠู†ูˆู…ุง ุชุฏุฎู…
803
+
804
+ 219
805
+ 00:17:33,540 --> 00:17:36,700
806
+ ุฃูˆ ูˆุฑู… ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆู„ุงูƒุชูŠู† ุณูŠู„ุฒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจู€ increase
807
+
808
+ 220
809
+ 00:17:36,700 --> 00:17:41,700
810
+ in milk secretion STH adrenocorticotropic hormone
811
+
812
+ 221
813
+ 00:17:41,700 --> 00:17:46,400
814
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ุฃุฏุฑูŠู†ุงู„ ุฌู„ุงู†ุฏ TSH thyroid
815
+
816
+ 222
817
+ 00:17:46,400 --> 00:17:49,520
818
+ stimulating hormone ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ุซูŠุฑูˆูŠุฏ
819
+
820
+ 223
821
+ 00:17:49,520 --> 00:17:56,830
822
+ ุฌู„ุงู†ุฏ ุงู„ุบุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฏุฑู‚ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ LH ูˆุงู„ู€ FSH ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€
823
+
824
+ 224
825
+ 00:17:56,830 --> 00:18:05,870
826
+ hormones ุจุชุงุนูŠู† ุงู„ female hormones ุงู„ posterior
827
+
828
+ 225
829
+ 00:18:08,870 --> 00:18:11,950
830
+ ุจุชุชุฑูŠ ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูุฑุฒู‡ ู…ู† ุจุณุชูŠุฑูˆู„ูˆุจ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุฃู† ู‡ู…
831
+
832
+ 226
833
+ 00:18:11,950 --> 00:18:16,190
834
+ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู‡ู… ุฃุตู„ุงู‹ ุจูŠูุฑุฒู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซู„ุงู…ุณ ูˆุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซู„ุงู…ุณ
835
+
836
+ 227
837
+ 00:18:16,190 --> 00:18:20,990
838
+ ุจูŠุณู„ู…ู‡ู… ู„ู…ู†ุŸ ู„ู€ pituitary gland ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† antidiuretic
839
+
840
+ 228
841
+ 00:18:20,990 --> 00:18:27,650
842
+ hormone ุฃูˆ vasopressin ูˆุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ oxytocin
843
+
844
+ 229
845
+ 00:18:27,650 --> 00:18:33,570
846
+ ูˆู‡ูŠ ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ุฃู† ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ posterior lobe ูˆุงู„ anterior lobe ูˆู‡ูŠ
847
+
848
+ 230
849
+ 00:18:33,570 --> 00:18:37,830
850
+ ุงู„ุซุงู„ู…ุณ connection ู…ุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ู…ุณ ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฎู„ุตุช ู…ูˆุถูˆุน
851
+
852
+ 231
853
+ 00:18:37,830 --> 00:18:41,770
854
+ ุงู„ diencephalon ุฏู„ูˆู‚ุชูŠ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ ู…ู†
855
+
856
+ 232
857
+ 00:18:41,770 --> 00:18:45,870
858
+ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ cerebellum cerebellum it is a
859
+
860
+ 233
861
+ 00:18:45,870 --> 00:18:52,860
862
+ little brain ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ู…ุฎ cerebrum ูˆู…ุฎูŠุฎ cerebellum ู…ู†
863
+
864
+ 234
865
+ 00:18:52,860 --> 00:18:56,180
866
+ ุงู„ู€ embryological origin it is largest part of
867
+
868
+ 235
869
+ 00:18:56,180 --> 00:19:01,220
870
+ hindbrainุŒ ุงู„ู€ hindbrain ู…ู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู†ุŒ ู…ู†ู‚ุณู… ู„
871
+
872
+ 236
873
+ 00:19:01,220 --> 00:19:05,480
874
+ metencephalon ูˆ myelencephalonุŒ metencephalon
875
+
876
+ 237
877
+ 00:19:05,480 --> 00:19:09,980
878
+ ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง cerebellum and pons ูˆ myelencephalon ูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง
879
+
880
+ 238
881
+ 00:19:09,980 --> 00:19:15,250
882
+ ู…ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูˆุงุถุญุฉุŒ hindbrain ุฃุนุทุงู†ุง ุฑูˆู…ุจูˆู†
883
+
884
+ 239
885
+ 00:19:15,250 --> 00:19:20,290
886
+ ุณูŠูุงู„ูˆู†ุŒ ุฑูˆู…ุจูˆู† ุณูŠูุงู„ูˆู† ุฃุนุทุงู†ุง ู…ุชู†ุณูŠูุงู„ูˆู†ุŒ ูˆุงู„ู…ุชู†
887
+
888
+ 240
889
+ 00:19:20,290 --> 00:19:23,390
890
+ ุณูŠูุงู„ูˆู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃุนุทู‰ ุงู„ cerebellum and ponsุŒ ูˆูŠู†
891
+
892
+ 241
893
+ 00:19:23,390 --> 00:19:27,550
894
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ cerebellumุŸุณูŠุฑูŠุจูŠู„ุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
895
+
896
+ 242
897
+ 00:19:27,550 --> 00:19:33,230
898
+ posterior cranial fossa ุชุญุช
899
+
900
+ 243
901
+ 00:19:33,230 --> 00:19:40,190
902
+ ุงู„ุชู†ุชูˆุฑูŠูˆู… ุณูŠุฑูŠุจูŠู„ุงูŠ ูˆุฎู„ู ุงู„ู€ brain stem and
903
+
904
+ 244
905
+ 00:19:40,190 --> 00:19:43,790
906
+ fourth ventricle ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู† ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุฎู„ู ุงู„ brain stem
907
+
908
+ 245
909
+ 00:19:43,790 --> 00:19:50,340
910
+ ุฃุฏู‚ ุฎู„ู ุงู„ pons ูˆ ุงู„ open medulla ุทุจ ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠูุตู„ ู…ุง
911
+
912
+ 246
913
+ 00:19:50,340 --> 00:19:54,980
914
+ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ cerebellum ูˆ ุงู„ pons ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉุŸ ุจูŠูุตู„
915
+
916
+ 247
917
+ 00:19:54,980 --> 00:19:59,640
918
+ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ fourth ventricle ุทุจ ู…ู† ุฃุนู„ู‰ .. ุฃุนู„ู‰
919
+
920
+ 248
921
+ 00:19:59,640 --> 00:20:03,200
922
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ tentorium cerebelli ุชูุตู„ ุนู† ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ
923
+
924
+ 249
925
+ 00:20:03,200 --> 00:20:08,460
926
+ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ cerebrum it is part of the brain located
927
+
928
+ 250
929
+ 00:20:08,460 --> 00:20:14,700
930
+ dorsal or posterior to the pons and upper medulla
931
+
932
+ 251
933
+ 00:20:15,390 --> 00:20:19,950
934
+ occupies most of the posterior cranial fossa ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
935
+
936
+ 252
937
+ 00:20:19,950 --> 00:20:24,010
938
+ ููŠ ุงู„ posterior cranial fossa and located also
939
+
940
+ 253
941
+ 00:20:24,010 --> 00:20:29,630
942
+ below the tentorium cerebelli ุชุนู…ู„ separation
943
+
944
+ 254
945
+ 00:20:29,630 --> 00:20:34,610
946
+ between ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„cerebrum and cerebellum
947
+
948
+ 255
949
+ 00:20:34,610 --> 00:20:41,990
950
+ shape ุงู„cerebellum ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† global shape relation
951
+
952
+ 256
953
+ 00:20:41,990 --> 00:20:48,090
954
+ of cerebellum ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠุญุฏ ุงู„ cerebellum ู…ู† ููˆู‚ุŸ
955
+
956
+ 257
957
+ 00:20:48,090 --> 00:20:52,010
958
+ tentorium cerebelli ุชูุตู„ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ cerebellum below
959
+
960
+ 258
961
+ 00:20:52,010 --> 00:20:56,050
962
+ and cerebrum above ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ cerebrum ูŠุนุชุจุฑ supra
963
+
964
+ 259
965
+ 00:20:56,050 --> 00:20:59,470
966
+ tentorial ูˆุงู„cerebellum infra tentorial ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ
967
+
968
+ 260
969
+ 00:21:02,370 --> 00:21:06,870
970
+ fourth ventricle ุจูŠุนู…ู„ separation between the
971
+
972
+ 261
973
+ 00:21:06,870 --> 00:21:13,090
974
+ cerebellum and pons ูˆ ุงู„ open medulla ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ fourth
975
+
976
+ 262
977
+ 00:21:13,090 --> 00:21:16,470
978
+ ventricle ุจูŠูุตู„ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ cerebellum ุงู„ cerebellum
979
+
980
+ 263
981
+ 00:21:16,470 --> 00:21:21,900
982
+ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุฎู„ูู‡ ูˆุฃู…ุงู…ุฉ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ pons ูˆ ุงู„ open medulla on
983
+
984
+ 264
985
+ 00:21:21,900 --> 00:21:26,040
986
+ each side ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ูˆุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ุจูŠุญุถูˆุง ุงู„
987
+
988
+ 265
989
+ 00:21:26,040 --> 00:21:31,640
990
+ mastoid antrum ูˆุจูŠุญุถูˆุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ sigmoid dural
991
+
992
+ 266
993
+ 00:21:31,640 --> 00:21:39,020
994
+ venous sinus ู‡ุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ู‡ู†ุง tentorium cerebelli
995
+
996
+ 267
997
+ 00:21:39,020 --> 00:21:44,820
998
+ ู‡ุงุฏูŠ ุจุชูุตู„ ู…ู† ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ cerebellum ุชุญุชู‡ุง ูˆุงู„
999
+
1000
+ 268
1001
+ 00:21:44,820 --> 00:21:50,210
1002
+ cerebrum ููˆู‚ู‡ุง ูˆ on each side ุจูŠูƒูˆู† sigmoid venous
1003
+
1004
+ 269
1005
+ 00:21:50,210 --> 00:21:54,130
1006
+ sinus ูˆ ุงู„ mastoid antrum ู…ุด ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆู…ู†
1007
+
1008
+ 270
1009
+ 00:21:54,130 --> 00:21:59,290
1010
+ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู… ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ fourth ventricle ุงู„
1011
+
1012
+ 271
1013
+ 00:21:59,290 --> 00:22:04,210
1014
+ fourth ventricle ุจูŠูุตู„ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ cerebellum behind ุนู†
1015
+
1016
+ 272
1017
+ 00:22:04,210 --> 00:22:10,300
1018
+ ุงู„ pons ูˆ ุงู„ open medulla anteriorly ูˆ above ู…ู†
1019
+
1020
+ 273
1021
+ 00:22:10,300 --> 00:22:13,840
1022
+ ููˆู‚ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุฃู† ุงู„ tentorium cerebelli ุจุชูุตู„ ู…ุง ุจูŠู†
1023
+
1024
+ 274
1025
+ 00:22:13,840 --> 00:22:20,380
1026
+ cerebellum below ุนู† cerebrum above ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ุงู„
1027
+
1028
+ 275
1029
+ 00:22:20,380 --> 00:22:23,780
1030
+ fourth ventricle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠูุตู„ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„
1031
+
1032
+ 276
1033
+ 00:22:23,780 --> 00:22:28,800
1034
+ cerebellum behind ุนู† ุงู„ pons ูˆ ุงู„ upper medulla
1035
+
1036
+ 277
1037
+ 00:22:28,800 --> 00:22:34,540
1038
+ anteriorly what's the functions of cerebellumุŸ ุฅูŠุด
1039
+
1040
+ 278
1041
+ 00:22:34,540 --> 00:22:39,100
1042
+ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ cerebellumุŸ ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠุก maintain equilibrium
1043
+
1044
+ 279
1045
+ 00:22:39,100 --> 00:22:45,100
1046
+ of the trunk ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูˆุงุฒู† muscle tone
1047
+
1048
+ 280
1049
+ 00:22:45,100 --> 00:22:48,820
1050
+ regulation regulation of muscle tone ุซู„ุงุซุฉ
1051
+
1052
+ 281
1053
+ 00:22:48,820 --> 00:22:53,980
1054
+ coordination and regulation of involuntary motor
1055
+
1056
+ 282
1057
+ 00:22:53,980 --> 00:22:57,440
1058
+ activity ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุงู…ุณูƒ ุงู„ู‚ุจุฑุฉ ุจูŠุฏูŠ it is fine
1059
+
1060
+ 283
1061
+ 00:22:57,440 --> 00:22:58,220
1062
+ activity
1063
+
1064
+ 284
1065
+ 00:23:00,610 --> 00:23:04,790
1066
+ ุฒุฑ ุงู„ุฌู…ูŠุต fine activity ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู†ุง ุจุชุญูƒู… ููŠู‡ู… ุตุญ ู„ูƒู†
1067
+
1068
+ 285
1069
+ 00:23:04,790 --> 00:23:07,390
1070
+ ู„ูˆ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ cerebellum ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุชุฑู†ุญ ูˆ
1071
+
1072
+ 286
1073
+ 00:23:07,390 --> 00:23:11,070
1074
+ dis coordination ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุง ุจู‚ุฏุฑ ุฃุนู…ู„
1075
+
1076
+ 287
1077
+ 00:23:11,070 --> 00:23:17,610
1078
+ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงูŠุง tremor ุฑุดูุฉ ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง ู…ุงุฐุง ุนู†
1079
+
1080
+ 288
1081
+ 00:23:17,610 --> 00:23:21,030
1082
+ ู†ูˆุงุฉ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ cerebellumุŸ ู…ุชุฐูƒุฑูŠู† ุงู„ู€
1083
+
1084
+ 289
1085
+ 00:23:21,030 --> 00:23:23,910
1086
+ cerebrum ู„ู…ุง ุงุฎุฐู†ุงู‡ุŸ ุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠู‡ basal nuclei
1087
+
1088
+ 290
1089
+ 00:23:23,910 --> 00:23:28,730
1090
+ ููŠู‡ basal nuclei ุงู„ุขู† ู„ู…ุง ุงุฎุฐู†ุง ุงู„cerebrum ูƒุงู†
1091
+
1092
+ 291
1093
+ 00:23:28,730 --> 00:23:31,630
1094
+ ููŠู‡ basal nuclei ุงู„ุขู† ู„ู…ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„cerebellum
1095
+
1096
+ 292
1097
+ 00:23:31,630 --> 00:23:36,230
1098
+ ููŠู‡ ูƒู…ุงู† nuclei ุฅูŠุด ุงุณู… ุงู„nucleiุŸ dented nucleus
1099
+
1100
+ 293
1101
+ 00:23:36,230 --> 00:23:40,850
1102
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง dented ู„ุฃู† ุดูƒู„ู‡ุง ูŠุณุจุจ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู† ู…ุณู†ู†ุฉ ู…ุซู„
1103
+
1104
+ 294
1105
+ 00:23:40,850 --> 00:23:45,660
1106
+ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู† ู…ุซู„ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู† ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉุŸ ุจู€
1107
+
1108
+ 295
1109
+ 00:23:45,660 --> 00:23:49,340
1110
+ Coordination and Regulation of Voluntary Motor
1111
+
1112
+ 296
1113
+ 00:23:49,340 --> 00:23:56,960
1114
+ Activity ุจู€ Coordination
1115
+
1116
+ 297
1117
+ 00:23:56,960 --> 00:23:57,520
1118
+ and Regulation of Voluntary Motor Activity ุจู€
1119
+
1120
+ 298
1121
+ 00:23:57,520 --> 00:23:57,640
1122
+ Activity ุจู€ Coordination and Regulation of
1123
+
1124
+ 299
1125
+ 00:23:57,640 --> 00:23:57,760
1126
+ Regulation of Voluntary Motor Activity ุจู€
1127
+
1128
+ 300
1129
+ 00:23:57,760 --> 00:23:58,320
1130
+ Activity ุจู€ Coordination and Regulation of
1131
+
1132
+ 301
1133
+ 00:23:58,320 --> 00:24:01,440
1134
+ Regulation of Voluntary Motor Activity ุจู€
1135
+
1136
+ 302
1137
+ 00:24:01,440 --> 00:24:07,460
1138
+ Coordination
1139
+
1140
+ 303
1141
+ 00:24:07,460 --> 00:24:11,640
1142
+ and Regulation
1143
+
1144
+ 304
1145
+ 00:24:11,640 --> 00:24:14,200
1146
+ of Voluntary Motor Act
1147
+
1148
+ 305
1149
+ 00:24:16,230 --> 00:24:20,270
1150
+ ู‡ูŠ ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ุฃูˆู„ nucleus ู…ู„ุงุญุธูŠู† ุฃุณู†ุงู†ู‡ุง ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู†
1151
+
1152
+ 306
1153
+ 00:24:20,270 --> 00:24:28,210
1154
+ ุณู…ูˆู‡ุง ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุฏู†ุชูŠุช ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฒ ุฏู†ุชูŠุช ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฒ ูˆุงุถุญุฉุŸ ู†ูุณ
1155
+
1156
+ 307
1157
+ 00:24:28,210 --> 00:24:32,730
1158
+ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู† ุณู…ูˆู‡ุง ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุฏู†ุชูŠุช ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฒ ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1159
+
1160
+ 308
1161
+ 00:24:32,730 --> 00:24:40,030
1162
+ ู‡ูˆ emboliform nucleus ุงู„ุจุนุฏู‡ globose nucleus ูˆุขุฎุฑ
1163
+
1164
+ 309
1165
+ 00:24:40,030 --> 00:24:42,150
1166
+ ุดูŠุก fastigial nucleus
1167
+
1168
+ 310
1169
+ 00:24:51,500 --> 00:24:56,220
1170
+ Cerebellar connections ู…ุน ู…ูŠู† ู…ุฑุชุจุท ุงู„cerebellumุŸ
1171
+
1172
+ 311
1173
+ 00:24:56,220 --> 00:25:00,720
1174
+ On each side connected with the brainstem by three
1175
+
1176
+ 312
1177
+ 00:25:00,720 --> 00:25:05,140
1178
+ peduncles ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„cerebellar ู„ู‡ three pairs of
1179
+
1180
+ 313
1181
+ 00:25:05,140 --> 00:25:09,900
1182
+ pedunclesุŒ ู„ู‡ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุฃุฒูˆุงุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ pedunclesุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
1183
+
1184
+ 314
1185
+ 00:25:09,900 --> 00:25:13,880
1186
+ right ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ left superior cerebellar peduncles
1187
+
1188
+ 315
1189
+ 00:25:13,880 --> 00:25:18,660
1190
+ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ midbrain middle cerebellar peduncles
1191
+
1192
+ 316
1193
+ 00:25:18,660 --> 00:25:23,950
1194
+ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ pons ูˆ inferior cerebellar peduncles
1195
+
1196
+ 317
1197
+ 00:25:23,950 --> 00:25:27,750
1198
+ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุง ุฃูˆ ุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ุฃูƒุจุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฌู…
1199
+
1200
+ 318
1201
+ 00:25:27,750 --> 00:25:32,290
1202
+ ููŠู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ middle middle cerebellar peduncle
1203
+
1204
+ 319
1205
+ 00:25:32,290 --> 00:25:41,030
1206
+ ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ superior
1207
+
1208
+ 320
1209
+ 00:25:41,030 --> 00:25:44,150
1210
+ cerebellar
1211
+
1212
+ 321
1213
+ 00:25:44,150 --> 00:25:50,920
1214
+ peduncle ู‡ู†ุง ู…ุฏู„ .. ู„ุฃ ู‡ู†ุง inferior cerebellar
1215
+
1216
+ 322
1217
+ 00:25:50,920 --> 00:25:55,960
1218
+ peduncles ูˆุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑ ู‡ุฐุง middle cerebellar peduncles
1219
+
1220
+ 323
1221
+ 00:25:55,960 --> 00:26:00,440
1222
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง superior ู‡ุฐุง inferior ู‡ุฐุง middle
1223
+
1224
+ 324
1225
+ 00:26:00,440 --> 00:26:04,840
1226
+ cerebellar peduncles ุงู„ middle ู…ุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน ุงู„
1227
+
1228
+ 325
1229
+ 00:26:04,840 --> 00:26:08,720
1230
+ pons inferior ู…ุน ุงู„ medulla oblongata ูˆุงู„
1231
+
1232
+ 326
1233
+ 00:26:08,720 --> 00:26:12,460
1234
+ superior ู…ุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน midbrain
1235
+
1236
+ 327
1237
+ 00:26:15,620 --> 00:26:18,880
1238
+ ู„ูˆ ุทู„ุนู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ external features of the cerebellum
1239
+
1240
+ 328
1241
+ 00:26:18,880 --> 00:26:22,220
1242
+ ุจุงู„ู„ุงุญุธ
1243
+
1244
+ 329
1245
+ 00:26:22,220 --> 00:26:26,360
1246
+ ุฃู† ุงู„ cerebellar ู„ู‡ right and left cerebellar
1247
+
1248
+ 330
1249
+ 00:26:26,360 --> 00:26:30,720
1250
+ hemisphere ูˆู…ุฑุชุจุทูŠู† ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ vermis ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1251
+
1252
+ 331
1253
+ 00:26:30,720 --> 00:26:34,920
1254
+ ุฅูŠู‡ vermis superior ูˆ inferior anterior lobe
1255
+
1256
+ 332
1257
+ 00:26:34,920 --> 00:26:41,840
1258
+ posterior lobe ุฃูˆ middle lobe posterior lobe ุฃูˆ
1259
+
1260
+ 333
1261
+ 00:26:41,840 --> 00:26:45,460
1262
+ middle lobe ูˆ flocculonodular lobe
1263
+
1264
+ 334
1265
+ 00:26:49,640 --> 00:26:53,460
1266
+ ูˆ posterior lobe ูˆ flocculonodular lobe ุงู„
1267
+
1268
+ 335
1269
+ 00:26:53,460 --> 00:26:57,720
1270
+ posterior lobe ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ ูƒู…ุงู† middle lobe ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ ุฅูŠู‡
1271
+
1272
+ 336
1273
+ 00:26:57,720 --> 00:27:00,640
1274
+ middle lobe ู„ูŠู‡ middle lobe ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุจู‚ุน ุจูŠู† ุงู„
1275
+
1276
+ 337
1277
+ 00:27:00,640 --> 00:27:03,980
1278
+ anterior ูˆ flocculonodular lobe ูˆุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡
1279
+
1280
+ 338
1281
+ 00:27:03,980 --> 00:27:07,020
1282
+ posterior ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุจู‚ุน ููŠ ุงู„ุฎู„ู ุฎู„ู ุงู„ anterior lobe
1283
+
1284
+ 339
1285
+ 00:27:07,020 --> 00:27:12,190
1286
+ okay ููŠ primary fissure ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุงู„ primary fissure
1287
+
1288
+ 340
1289
+ 00:27:12,190 --> 00:27:17,130
1290
+ between the anterior and middle lobe ููŠู‡ ุชู†ุฒู„ on
1291
+
1292
+ 341
1293
+ 00:27:17,130 --> 00:27:21,690
1294
+ each side of the inferior vermis ููŠู‡ horizontal
1295
+
1296
+ 342
1297
+ 00:27:21,690 --> 00:27:25,250
1298
+ fissure ูˆููŠู‡ posterior lateral fissure ุงู„
1299
+
1300
+ 343
1301
+ 00:27:25,250 --> 00:27:28,370
1302
+ posterior lateral fissure ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุจูŠู† floccular
1303
+
1304
+ 344
1305
+ 00:27:28,370 --> 00:27:31,770
1306
+ nodular lobe ูˆ ุงู„ posterior lobe ุฃูˆ ุงู„ middle lobe
1307
+
1308
+ 345
1309
+ 00:27:33,010 --> 00:27:37,730
1310
+ ุจูˆุถุญ ุนู†ุฏูŠ cerebellar hemispheres ูˆููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ููŠ
1311
+
1312
+ 346
1313
+ 00:27:37,730 --> 00:27:42,430
1314
+ ุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡ vermis ู‡ู†ุง ุจูˆุถุญ ุงู„ุฃุญู…ุฑ ุงู„ anterior lobe
1315
+
1316
+ 347
1317
+ 00:27:42,430 --> 00:27:46,930
1318
+ ุฃู…ุงู…ูŠ ูˆุงู„ุฎู„ููŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† posterior lobe ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง
1319
+
1320
+ 348
1321
+ 00:27:46,930 --> 00:27:50,270
1322
+ middle lobe ู„ูŠู‡ ุณู…ูŠู†ุงู‡ุง middle lobe ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุจุชู‚ุน ุจูŠู†
1323
+
1324
+ 349
1325
+ 00:27:50,270 --> 00:27:53,950
1326
+ ุงู„ anterior lobe ูˆ flocculonodular lobes ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„
1327
+
1328
+ 350
1329
+ 00:27:53,950 --> 00:27:57,270
1330
+ primary fissure ุงู„ primary fissure ู‡ุฐู‡ ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ุง
1331
+
1332
+ 351
1333
+ 00:27:57,270 --> 00:28:01,870
1334
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชู‚ุน ุฃูˆ ุจุชูุตู„ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1335
+
1336
+ 352
1337
+ 00:28:04,650 --> 00:28:09,630
1338
+ Anterior Lobe ูˆPosterior
1339
+
1340
+ 353
1341
+ 00:28:09,630 --> 00:28:14,110
1342
+ Lobe ุฃูˆ Middle Lobe ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ Horizontal Fissure
1343
+
1344
+ 354
1345
+ 00:28:14,110 --> 00:28:17,470
1346
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ Horizontal Fissure ููŠ Posterior Lobe ุฃูˆ
1347
+
1348
+ 355
1349
+ 00:28:17,470 --> 00:28:23,430
1350
+ ููŠ Middle Lobe ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุนุชุจุฑ Anterior Lobe ู‡ุฐู‡
1351
+
1352
+ 356
1353
+ 00:28:23,430 --> 00:28:31,870
1354
+ Posterior Lobe ุฃูˆ Middle Lobe ุทุจุนุงู‹ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ู‡ู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ู€
1355
+
1356
+ 357
1357
+ 00:28:31,870 --> 00:28:39,390
1358
+ External Features of the Cerebellum ู†ูƒู…ู„ ูƒู…ุงู† ู‡ุงูŠ
1359
+
1360
+ 358
1361
+ 00:28:39,390 --> 00:28:46,470
1362
+ ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ tonsils ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ vermis ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1363
+
1364
+ 359
1365
+ 00:28:46,470 --> 00:28:52,930
1366
+ Posterolateral Fissure ุจูุตู„ ุจูŠู† flocculonodular
1367
+
1368
+ 360
1369
+ 00:28:52,930 --> 00:28:58,230
1370
+ Lobes ูˆุงู„ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆู„ูˆุจ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ middle lobe ุงู„ูู„ูˆูƒูˆู„ูˆ
1371
+
1372
+ 361
1373
+ 00:28:58,230 --> 00:29:02,730
1374
+ ู†ูˆุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ู„ูˆุจ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† two flocculi ุญูŠูˆุงู† ูู„ูˆูƒูˆู„ุงุช ูˆ
1375
+
1376
+ 362
1377
+ 00:29:02,730 --> 00:29:08,390
1378
+ ุญูŠูˆุงู† ูˆ one nodule ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุณู…ูˆู‡ ูู„ูˆูƒูˆู„ูˆ ู†ูˆุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ
1379
+
1380
+ 363
1381
+ 00:29:08,390 --> 00:29:16,790
1382
+ ู„ูˆุจ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† two flocculi ูˆ one nodule ุงู„
1383
+
1384
+ 364
1385
+ 00:29:16,790 --> 00:29:20,570
1386
+ sub divisions of cerebellum ู‡ู†ุฎุชู„ููˆุง ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุก ููŠ
1387
+
1388
+ 365
1389
+ 00:29:20,570 --> 00:29:24,590
1390
+ ุชู‚ุณูŠู… ุงู„ cerebellum ุงู„ุฃุฎุตุงุฆูŠ ุจุชุงุนูŠ ุงู„ morphology
1391
+
1392
+ 366
1393
+ 00:29:24,590 --> 00:29:31,380
1394
+ ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ุฃู† ู†ู‚ุณู…ู‡ ู„ุฃ right ูˆ left cerebellar
1395
+
1396
+ 367
1397
+ 00:29:31,380 --> 00:29:37,220
1398
+ hemispheres ูˆููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต median vermis ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ุชุนูŠูŠู† ุงู„
1399
+
1400
+ 368
1401
+ 00:29:37,220 --> 00:29:41,860
1402
+ morphology ุงุฎุชู„ููˆุง ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฌุฒุฆู‡ ู„ ุฅูŠู‡ ู„ right
1403
+
1404
+ 369
1405
+ 00:29:41,860 --> 00:29:45,060
1406
+ cerebellar hemispheres left cerebellar hemispheres
1407
+
1408
+ 370
1409
+ 00:29:45,060 --> 00:29:48,480
1410
+ ูˆ median vermis ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต ุจุชุนูŠูŠู† ุงู„ Anatomy ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ู„ุฃ
1411
+
1412
+ 371
1413
+ 00:29:48,480 --> 00:29:51,340
1414
+ ุจุฏู†ุงุด ุงู„ุชู‚ุณูŠู…ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุด ุนุงุฌุจุงู†ุง ู…ุด ู…ุงุดูŠุฉ ู…ุนู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡
1415
+
1416
+ 372
1417
+ 00:29:51,340 --> 00:29:54,320
1418
+ ุงู„ุชู‚ุณูŠู…ุฉ ูƒูŠู ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฌุฒุฆู‡ ุจุชุนูŠูŠู† ุงู„ Anatomy ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง
1419
+
1420
+ 373
1421
+ 00:29:54,320 --> 00:29:57,580
1422
+ ู†ุฌุฒุฆู‡ ู„ anterior lobe ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุฃู…ุงู… ุงู„ primary
1423
+
1424
+ 374
1425
+ 00:29:57,580 --> 00:30:01,460
1426
+ fissure ูˆ posterior lobe ุฃูˆ middle lobe ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู†
1427
+
1428
+ 375
1429
+ 00:30:01,460 --> 00:30:04,720
1430
+ ู…ุญุตูˆุฑุฉ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ primary fissure ูˆุงู„ posterior
1431
+
1432
+ 376
1433
+ 00:30:04,720 --> 00:30:09,580
1434
+ lateral sulcus ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุจูŠู† ุงู„ anterior lobe ูˆ
1435
+
1436
+ 377
1437
+ 00:30:09,580 --> 00:30:14,220
1438
+ flocculonodular lobe ูˆุซู„ุงุซุฉ flocculonodular lobe
1439
+
1440
+ 378
1441
+ 00:30:14,220 --> 00:30:17,640
1442
+ ุชุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† two flocculi ูˆ one nodule in the middle
1443
+
1444
+ 379
1445
+ 00:30:18,470 --> 00:30:20,530
1446
+ ุจุชุงุนูŠู† ุงู„ููŠุณูŠูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ู„ุฃ ู…ุด ุนุงุฌุจุงู†ุง ุงู„ุชู‚ุณูŠู…ุฉ
1447
+
1448
+ 380
1449
+ 00:30:20,530 --> 00:30:22,770
1450
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงุญู†ุง ู…ุง ู„ู†ุงุด ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุชุงุนูŠู† ุงู„ anatomy ูˆุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ
1451
+
1452
+ 381
1453
+ 00:30:22,770 --> 00:30:25,010
1454
+ ูŠุฌูŠุจู†ุง ุชู‚ุณูŠู…ุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจุชุงุนูŠู† ุงู„ููŠุณูŠูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง
1455
+
1456
+ 382
1457
+ 00:30:25,010 --> 00:30:31,850
1458
+ ู†ู‚ุณู…ู‡ู… ู„ vestibular part ุฃูˆ archicerebellum ูˆ paleo
1459
+
1460
+ 383
1461
+ 00:30:31,850 --> 00:30:36,070
1462
+ cerebellum ูˆ neocerebellum ุญุณุจ ุงู„ development ู‡ุฐู‡
1463
+
1464
+ 384
1465
+ 00:30:36,070 --> 00:30:40,790
1466
+ ุงู„ุฃู‚ุฏู… ุฃูˆู„ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌู†ูŠู† ุจุนุฏู‡ ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ู€
1467
+
1468
+ 385
1469
+ 00:30:40,790 --> 00:30:43,810
1470
+ paleocerebellum ูˆ ุงู„ู€ neocerebellum ุฃุฌุฏุฏ ุดูŠุก ุจุชูƒูˆู†
1471
+
1472
+ 386
1473
+ 00:30:43,810 --> 00:30:49,310
1474
+ ููŠ development of cerebellum ุฌูŠู†ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุญุทูŠู†ุง ู„ูƒู… ุงู„
1475
+
1476
+ 387
1477
+ 00:30:49,310 --> 00:30:51,670
1478
+ physiological ุฃูˆ functional ูˆ anatomically
1479
+
1480
+ 388
1481
+ 00:30:51,670 --> 00:30:54,47
1482
+
1483
+ 401
1484
+ 00:31:48,090 --> 00:31:53,060
1485
+ emboliform globus nucleus ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠู‚ุงุจู„ู‡ุง ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ
1486
+
1487
+ 402
1488
+ 00:31:53,060 --> 00:31:55,500
1489
+ physiology ุฃูˆ functional area ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
1490
+
1491
+ 403
1492
+ 00:31:55,500 --> 00:32:01,020
1493
+ paleocerebellum ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ development it is the
1494
+
1495
+ 404
1496
+ 00:32:01,020 --> 00:32:06,580
1497
+ next one next one ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู€ function ุชุจุนุชู‡ muscle
1498
+
1499
+ 405
1500
+ 00:32:06,580 --> 00:32:10,760
1501
+ tone regulation muscle tone ุงูŠู‡ regulation ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ
1502
+
1503
+ 406
1504
+ 00:32:10,760 --> 00:32:16,770
1505
+ ููŠู‡ lesions muscle hypotonia ูŠุจู‚ู‰ lesion of
1506
+
1507
+ 407
1508
+ 00:32:16,770 --> 00:32:20,170
1509
+ cerebellum ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง muscle hypotonia ู„ูˆ ุณุฃู„ุชูƒูˆุง
1510
+
1511
+ 408
1512
+ 00:32:20,170 --> 00:32:24,430
1513
+ ุณุคุงู„ ู…ุชู‰ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุญุฏุซ muscle spasticity ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู€
1514
+
1515
+ 409
1516
+ 00:32:24,430 --> 00:32:27,630
1517
+ cerebellar damage ูˆ ู„ุง ุนู…ุฑู‡ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ู€
1518
+
1519
+ 410
1520
+ 00:32:27,630 --> 00:32:30,510
1521
+ cerebellar damage spasticity ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ lesion ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ู€
1522
+
1523
+ 411
1524
+ 00:32:30,510 --> 00:32:36,340
1525
+ cerebellum ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… muscle hypotonia ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูˆ ู„ูˆุจ
1526
+
1527
+ 412
1528
+ 00:32:36,340 --> 00:32:40,380
1529
+ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠู‡ู… ููŠู‡ ุฏู†ุชูŠุฉ ู†ูŠูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠู‚ุงุจู„ู‡ู… ููŠ
1530
+
1531
+ 413
1532
+ 00:32:40,380 --> 00:32:45,020
1533
+ ุงู„ู€ physiological subdivision ู†ูŠูˆ ุณูŠุฑุจูŠู„ุง it is
1534
+
1535
+ 414
1536
+ 00:32:45,020 --> 00:32:48,700
1537
+ most recent part of cerebellum ูˆุงุถูŠูุชู‡
1538
+
1539
+ 415
1540
+ 00:32:48,700 --> 00:32:53,800
1541
+ coordination and regulation of fine voluntary
1542
+
1543
+ 416
1544
+ 00:32:53,800 --> 00:32:58,660
1545
+ motor activity ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ lesion ููŠู‡ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ in
1546
+
1547
+ 417
1548
+ 00:32:58,660 --> 00:33:01,920
1549
+ coordination of movement ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุนุฌูŠ ุณุคุงู„ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€
1550
+
1551
+ 418
1552
+ 00:33:01,920 --> 00:33:07,040
1553
+ anterior loop ุนุงู„ุณุฑูŠุฑ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุบุฒ ุนู„ูŠู‡ paleocerebellum ู…ู†
1554
+
1555
+ 419
1556
+ 00:33:07,040 --> 00:33:10,040
1557
+ ู‡ูˆ flocculonodular loop? vestibular part ุฃูˆ
1558
+
1559
+ 420
1560
+ 00:33:10,040 --> 00:33:13,900
1561
+ archocerebellum ู…ู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ posterior loopุŸ ุงู„ู†ูŠูˆ
1562
+
1563
+ 421
1564
+ 00:33:13,900 --> 00:33:16,520
1565
+ ุณูŠุฑุจู„ูˆู† ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุฃุชู‰ ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ู€ middle loop ู†ูุณ
1566
+
1567
+ 422
1568
+ 00:33:16,520 --> 00:33:19,260
1569
+ ุงู„ู€ posterior ุงู„ู€ middle loop ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ posterior ูˆุงุญุฏ ุชู…ุงู…
1570
+
1571
+ 423
1572
+ 00:33:19,260 --> 00:33:26,240
1573
+ ุงู„ู€ posterior ูˆ ุงู„ู€ middle ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ูˆุงุญุฏ okay
1574
+
1575
+ 424
1576
+ 00:33:26,240 --> 00:33:32,190
1577
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ anterior loop ุจุงู„ูŠูˆ ุณูŠุฑุงุจูŠู„ุงู…
1578
+
1579
+ 425
1580
+ 00:33:32,190 --> 00:33:36,630
1581
+ ู‡ุฐุง posterior loop ู†ูŠูˆ ุณูŠุฑุงุจูŠู„ุงู… ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ floccular
1582
+
1583
+ 426
1584
+ 00:33:36,630 --> 00:33:39,910
1585
+ nodular loop ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงุฑุดูˆ ุณูŠุฑุงุจูŠู„ุงู… ุฃูˆ
1586
+
1587
+ 427
1588
+ 00:33:39,910 --> 00:33:44,390
1589
+ vestibular part of the cerebellum ู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ
1590
+
1591
+ 428
1592
+ 00:33:44,390 --> 00:33:49,070
1593
+ ุงู„ู€ dentate ุฌุงูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ posterior part ููŠ ุงู„ู€
1594
+
1595
+ 429
1596
+ 00:33:49,070 --> 00:33:51,790
1597
+ anterior part ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€ globus ุงู„ู€ nucleus
1598
+
1599
+ 430
1600
+ 00:33:51,790 --> 00:33:56,650
1601
+ ูˆemboliform nucleus ูˆููŠ flocculonodular loop ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
1602
+
1603
+ 431
1604
+ 00:33:56,650 --> 00:34:01,990
1605
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ fastigial ุงู„ู€ nucleus ูˆ ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ูˆุตู„ู†ุง
1606
+
1607
+ 432
1608
+ 00:34:01,990 --> 00:34:05,390
1609
+ ู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุชุงู„ุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Anatomy and
1610
+
1611
+ 433
1612
+ 00:34:05,390 --> 00:34:06,990
1613
+ physiology of cerebellum
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/927sW7ATxvc_postprocess.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,1732 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:05,010 --> 00:00:08,550
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:08,550 --> 00:00:14,970
7
+ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ุงู„ุขู† ุจู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุณุจูˆุน
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:14,970 --> 00:00:20,150
11
+ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุจูŠุฒุง ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ุฏุงูŠู†ุณูŠูุงู„ูˆู† ุงู† ุณูŠุฑูŠุจูŠู„ุง ููŠ
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:20,150 --> 00:00:24,110
15
+ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ุช ู…ุนูƒู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจูŠุฒุง ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:24,110 --> 00:00:27,430
19
+ ุฃู†ูˆุงุนู‡ู… ูˆุฃุฌุฒุงู‡ู… ูˆ ุงู„ functions ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุจูŠุฒุง
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:27,430 --> 00:00:31,620
23
+ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠูˆุจุฏุฃุช ููŠ ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:31,620 --> 00:00:34,460
27
+ Dienesephalon ุฃุฎุฏู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ Dienesephalon ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:34,460 --> 00:00:39,320
31
+ Thalamus and Epithalamus ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ููŠ ุฌุฒุก ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู†
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:39,320 --> 00:00:44,640
35
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุชู†ุง ุฑุงุญ ุฃูƒู…ู„ Metathalamus, Subthalamus and
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:44,640 --> 00:00:49,720
39
+ Hypothalamus ูˆู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงุฆูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:49,720 --> 00:00:55,320
43
+ cerebellum ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู† ุฑุงุญ ุฃูƒู…ู„ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:00:55,320 --> 00:01:02,310
47
+ Dienesephalon ู…ุชุฐูƒุฑูŠู†ุŸููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ุฉ ุฑุณู…ู†ุง
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:02,310 --> 00:01:08,830
51
+ Diencephalon ูˆู‚ู„ู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ thalamus ู‡ุฐุง
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:08,830 --> 00:01:14,510
55
+ thalamus ู‡ู†ุง
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:14,510 --> 00:01:20,410
59
+ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† interthalamic adhesions ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:20,410 --> 00:01:25,930
63
+ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ subthalamus ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู… ูˆ ู…ู† ุชุญุช ุจูŠุฌูŠ
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:26,920 --> 00:01:33,320
67
+ hypothalamus ู…ุฑุชุจุท ุจุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡ pituitary gland ูˆููŠ
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:33,320 --> 00:01:39,180
71
+ ุงู„ุฎู„ู ุจูŠูƒูˆู† inferior ุจูŠูƒูˆู† metathalamus superior ูˆ
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:39,180 --> 00:01:45,280
75
+ posterior ุจูŠูƒูˆู† epithalamus ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ุงู„
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:45,280 --> 00:01:51,400
79
+ midbrain pons medulla
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:51,400 --> 00:01:52,220
83
+ oblongata
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:01:54,530 --> 00:01:58,970
87
+ ูˆุจู†ู†ุฒู„ spinal cord spinal cord medulla oblongata
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:01:58,970 --> 00:02:11,790
91
+ bones mid brain ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠ diencephalon okay
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:11,790 --> 00:02:18,270
95
+ you can metathalamus ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† part of
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:18,270 --> 00:02:23,670
99
+ diencephalonpart of the encephalon which is
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:23,670 --> 00:02:29,330
103
+ attached to the posterior inferior surface of
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:29,330 --> 00:02:32,930
107
+ thalamus ู‡ูˆ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ posterior inferior
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:32,930 --> 00:02:36,610
111
+ surface of thalamus ุทุจ ุงู„ epithalamus ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:36,610 --> 00:02:40,730
115
+ posterior superior surface of thalamus ุงู„
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:40,730 --> 00:02:44,990
119
+ metathalamus contains two parts ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุฌุฒุฆูŠู†
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:44,990 --> 00:02:52,320
123
+ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„Lateral geniculate body ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:02:52,320 --> 00:02:59,810
127
+ Medial geniculate body ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:02:59,810 --> 00:03:04,310
131
+ vision ูˆุงุถูŠูุชู‡ visual function connected with
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:03:04,310 --> 00:03:10,030
135
+ superior calculus of the midbrain ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ู€ medial
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:10,030 --> 00:03:14,830
139
+ geniculate body ู‡ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ hearing ูˆ connected
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:14,830 --> 00:03:18,050
143
+ with a inferior
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:20,220 --> 00:03:23,800
147
+ calculus ูŠุจู‚ู‰ with inferior calculus ูŠู‚ูˆู„ media
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:23,800 --> 00:03:27,080
151
+ geniculate body ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจูŠู‡ ุจุงู„hearing ูˆ
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:27,080 --> 00:03:31,340
155
+ connected with ุงูŠู‡ with inferior calculus ู‡ุงูŠ
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:31,340 --> 00:03:33,980
159
+ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ slide lateral geniculate body visual
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:33,980 --> 00:03:37,760
163
+ function ูˆ media geniculate body ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:37,760 --> 00:03:40,460
167
+ hearing ุงูˆ auditory function hearing ุงูˆ auditory
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:40,460 --> 00:03:47,040
171
+ the same ูˆุงุถุญุงู†ุฉ ุงู† ุงู„ lateral geniculate body
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:03:52,240 --> 00:03:59,180
175
+ ูˆ medial geniculate body ุงู„ medial geniculate body
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:03:59,180 --> 00:04:09,440
179
+ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ุจู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุจ inferior calculus ุงู…ุง ุงู„ lateral
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:04:09,440 --> 00:04:14,000
183
+ geniculate body ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ุจ superior calculus ูˆู„ุงุญุธูˆุง
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:14,000 --> 00:04:18,520
187
+ ุงู„ lateral geniculate body ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ุจู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุจ
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:18,520 --> 00:04:24,550
191
+ optic tractู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจู€ visual function visual
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:24,550 --> 00:04:31,830
195
+ function ุฃู…ุงุงู„ู€ medial geniculate body ู…ุฑุชุจุท ุจุงู„ู€
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:31,830 --> 00:04:35,430
199
+ inferior colliculus ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ hearing ุฃูˆ
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:35,430 --> 00:04:39,790
203
+ auditory function ูŠูˆู… ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ pathway of
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:39,790 --> 00:04:44,510
207
+ vision ุงุชุทุฑู‚ู†ุง ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน lateral geniculate body ูˆ
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:04:44,510 --> 00:04:49,670
211
+ ูŠูˆู… ุงุชูƒู„ู…ุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ hearing ุงุชูƒู„ู…ุช ุนู„ู‰ medial
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:04:49,670 --> 00:04:54,460
215
+ geniculate bodyู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ lateral geniculate body
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:04:54,460 --> 00:04:57,660
219
+ ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ media geniculate body ุงู„ media geniculate
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:04:57,660 --> 00:05:01,620
223
+ body ู„ู‡ุง connection ู…ุน ุงู„ inferior calculus ูˆ ุงู„
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:05:01,620 --> 00:05:03,740
227
+ lateral geniculate body ู„ู‡ุง connection ู…ุน ุงู„
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:05:03,740 --> 00:05:07,460
231
+ superior calculus of midbrain
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:09,440 --> 00:05:13,940
235
+ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ a part of the encephalon which is located
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:13,940 --> 00:05:19,040
239
+ between the thalamus and middle brainุŒ ุฅู„ู‡ ุฌุฒุฆูŠู†ุŒ
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:19,040 --> 00:05:22,620
243
+ ุฅู„ู‡ posterior part ูˆ anterior part ูˆ ุงู„ anterior
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:22,620 --> 00:05:25,660
247
+ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ูˆ ุงู„ posterior ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุฃุฌุฒุงุกุŒ
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:25,660 --> 00:05:28,880
251
+ ู…ุงุจุฏู‰ ุฃุถุทุฑู‚ ู„ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ู‡ุฐุงุŒ ุฅูŠู‡ ุจูŠูƒููŠู†ูŠ ุฃุนุฑู ุฅู†ู‡ ุตุฏุฑ
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:05:28,880 --> 00:05:32,300
255
+ ุงู„ thalamus ูˆูŠู† ู…ูƒุงู†ู‡ุŒ ูˆ ูŠุนุทูŠูƒูˆุง ุงู„ุนุงููŠุฉ ุจุณู‡ูŠ ูˆูŠู†
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:05:32,300 --> 00:05:36,400
259
+ ุฏูŠ ุงู„ subthalamus ุจูŠู‚ุน ุชุญุช ุฅูŠุดุŸ ุชุญุช ุงู„ thalamus
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:05:36,400 --> 00:05:39,680
263
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูˆ ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจูŠู‚ุน ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ุชุญุช ุงู„ thalamus
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:05:39,680 --> 00:05:43,920
267
+ ูˆ ุจูŠู‚ุน above ุงู„ midbrain ููˆู‚ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:05:43,920 --> 00:05:50,200
271
+ midbrain ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุญุตูˆุฑ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ thalamus ูˆ midbrain
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:05:50,200 --> 00:05:58,980
275
+ ู„ุฃู† ููŠ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ู…ู‡ู… hypothalamus hypothalamus it is
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:05:58,980 --> 00:06:05,350
279
+ part of diencephalonlocated in front of the
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:05,350 --> 00:06:11,870
283
+ subthalamus ุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู…ุงู… ุงู„ subthalamus and anterior
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:11,870 --> 00:06:15,030
287
+ inferiorly ู„ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุงู„ุซู„ุงู…ุณ
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:06:23,150 --> 00:06:28,050
291
+ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Thalamus ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ Neuroendocrine
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:06:28,050 --> 00:06:33,030
295
+ organุŒ Neuroendocrine organุŒ ู„ุญุธุฉ ุญุฌู… ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซู„ุงู…ุณ
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:06:33,030 --> 00:06:38,490
299
+ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู…ู† ุนุดุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุญุฌู… ุงู„ brainุŒ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู…ู† ุนุดุฑุฉ ู…ู†
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:06:38,490 --> 00:06:44,620
303
+ ุญุฌู… ุงู„ brainุŒ ู„ูƒู† it is veryู‡ูˆ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏู‹ุง ู…ู†
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:06:44,620 --> 00:06:49,420
307
+ ู†ุธุงู… ุงู„ู†ูŠุฑุจุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฌุฒุก ุฌุฏู‹ุง ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏู‹ุง ู…ู† ู†ุธุงู…
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:06:49,420 --> 00:06:53,680
311
+ ุงู„ู†ูŠุฑุจุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ููŠ ุจู†ุงุก ุงู„ุญุฑู…ูˆู†ุงุช ูˆ
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:06:53,680 --> 00:06:59,160
315
+ ุจู†ุงุก ุงู„ุงู†ู‡ูŠุจูˆุชูˆุฑูŠ ูˆ ุฅุทู„ุงู‚ ุงู„ุญุฑู…ูˆู†ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„ ุงูŠู‡
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:06:59,160 --> 00:07:03,920
319
+ ุงู„control ุจุชุดุชุฑูŠ ุฌู„ุงู†ุฏ ุงู„ุบุฏุงู† ุงู„ู†ุฎุงู…ูŠุฉ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ูˆ
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:03,920 --> 00:07:06,600
323
+ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ู†ูŠูˆุฑูˆ ุงู†ุฏูˆูƒุฑุงูŠู† ุฃูˆุฑุบุงู†
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:10,110 --> 00:07:14,350
327
+ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ู…ุงุซ
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:07:14,350 --> 00:07:19,930
331
+ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ู…ุงุซ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ู…ุงุซ ู‡ุฐุง
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:07:19,930 --> 00:07:20,810
335
+ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ู…ุงุซ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ู…ุงุซ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ู…ุงุซ
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:07:34,270 --> 00:07:38,950
339
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ hypothalamus ู…ุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุน ุงู„ู€
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:07:38,950 --> 00:07:42,970
343
+ Pituitary gland posterior loop ูˆ anterior loopOkay
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:07:42,970 --> 00:07:47,710
347
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง Superior ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ู†ุง Epithalamus ูˆ
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:07:47,710 --> 00:07:52,550
351
+ ุชุญุช ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ู†ุง Metathalamus ู‡ุฐุง ุชุฑูƒูŠุจุฉ ูˆ ุชูˆุฒูŠุนุฉ
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:07:52,550 --> 00:07:56,290
355
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Diencephalon Diencephalon ูŠุจู‚ู‰
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:07:56,290 --> 00:08:00,450
359
+ ุงู„hypothalamus located anterior ู„ู„subthalamus ูˆ
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:08:00,450 --> 00:08:05,710
363
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† anterior inferior ู„ู…ูŠู† ู„ู„thalamus ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠุณู…ูˆุง
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:08:05,710 --> 00:08:07,990
367
+ hypothalamus
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:08:10,370 --> 00:08:14,930
371
+ ุฃูŠ ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู†ุงู…ุณ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ optic part ูˆ
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:08:14,930 --> 00:08:19,410
375
+ ุงู„ tubular part ูˆ ุงู„ mammary part ู…ุงุฑุงุญ ุฃููˆุช ููŠ
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:08:19,410 --> 00:08:22,830
379
+ ุชุฑูƒูŠุจู‡ู… ูˆ ุงู„ู†ูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ู… ู‡ุถู„ ุจุดุฑุญู‡ู…
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:08:22,830 --> 00:08:27,510
383
+ ู„ู„ุทุจ ูƒู„ ุฌุฒุก ุฅูŠุด ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠู‡ ู†ูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ู‡ู„ ู…ุงุฑุงุญ ุฃุชูˆุณุน
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:08:27,510 --> 00:08:32,270
387
+ ุฃุดุฑุญ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ ู„ูƒู† ุจู†ุนุฑู ูˆูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู†ุงู…ุณ ุงู„
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:08:32,270 --> 00:08:35,050
391
+ functions of hypothalamus ุฅูŠุด ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„hypothalamus
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:08:36,540 --> 00:08:39,480
395
+ regulation of temperature ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจregulation
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:08:39,480 --> 00:08:42,320
399
+ of temperature ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุฃุญูŠุงู† ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:08:42,320 --> 00:08:47,580
403
+ ู†ุฒูŠู ุฏู…ุงุบูŠ ูˆ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู†ุฒูŠู ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบูŠ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงู‡
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:08:47,580 --> 00:08:50,840
407
+ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ู‡ุฐุง ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:08:50,840 --> 00:08:55,540
411
+ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ู‚ุฏ ุชูƒูˆู† central fever ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ ู†ุงุชุฌ
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:08:55,540 --> 00:09:00,860
415
+ ุนู† irritation of blood to the hypothalamus ุจูŠุนู…ู„
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:09:00,860 --> 00:09:07,110
419
+ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชู‡ูŠุฌ ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ุซูŠุฑู…ูˆregulatory receptors
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:09:07,110 --> 00:09:11,150
423
+ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุชุงู„ู…ูˆุณ ูˆ ุจุชุฑุชูุน ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:09:11,150 --> 00:09:15,070
427
+ ุงุชู†ูŠู† emotional regulation ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„regulation
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:09:15,070 --> 00:09:20,790
431
+ of emotions ุงู„ุนุงุทูุฉ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุงู„ growth function ุงู„ู†ู…ูˆ
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:09:20,790 --> 00:09:27,730
435
+ ุงุฑุจุน hunger and thirst ุงู†ุง ุฌูˆุนุงู† ุงู†ุง ุนุทุดุงู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:09:27,730 --> 00:09:29,910
439
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุชุงู„ู…ูˆุณ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุชุงู„ู…ูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:09:29,910 --> 00:09:35,650
443
+ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู†ุฃูƒู„ ุงูˆ ู†ุดุฑุจsexual behavior control of
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:09:35,650 --> 00:09:39,690
447
+ various endocrine and activity rhythm ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:09:39,690 --> 00:09:43,990
451
+ hormones ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ุฐุงูƒุฑุฉ memory visual memory
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:09:43,990 --> 00:09:49,150
455
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุดูุช ุดุฎุต ูˆ ุจุนุฏ ุณู†ุฉ ุบุงุจ ุนู†ูŠ ุงุชุฐูƒุฑุช ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุงู†
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:09:49,150 --> 00:09:54,660
459
+ ุงู†ุง ุดูุช ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุชู„ู…ุณ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ู‡ุฐุงุฃุญุฏ
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:09:54,660 --> 00:09:59,220
463
+ ุฃุตุฏู‚ุงุก ุงุชูƒู„ู… ู…ุนุงู‡ ููŠ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุจุนุฏ ูุชุฑุฉ ุตุฏูŠู‚ ุชุงู†ูŠ
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:09:59,220 --> 00:10:01,120
467
+ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ู‚ูˆู„ุช ูˆ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฃู†ุง ุณู…ุนุช ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุญูƒู‰ ู„ูŠู‡
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:10:01,120 --> 00:10:05,520
471
+ ุตุงุญุจูŠ ูˆ ูƒุฏู‡ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ verbal memory verbal
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:10:05,520 --> 00:10:10,560
475
+ memory ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ุฐุงูƒุฑุฉ connections of
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:10:10,560 --> 00:10:13,500
479
+ hypothalamus with hypophysis ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ hypophysis
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:10:13,500 --> 00:10:17,440
483
+ ู‡ูˆ pituitary gland ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุฎุฏุชู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ general
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:10:17,440 --> 00:10:22,710
487
+ ููŠ ุงู„ููŠุณูŠูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง ุฃูˆ ูƒุฏู‡ ุงู„ hormonesุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ Anti
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:10:22,710 --> 00:10:27,670
491
+ -diuretic hormone ูˆ ุงู„ Oxytocin ุจุตู†ุนู‡ู… ุงู„
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:10:27,670 --> 00:10:31,710
495
+ hypothalamus Hypothalamus ุงูŠุด ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ OxytocinุŸ
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:10:31,710 --> 00:10:35,550
499
+ ุงู„ Oxytocin ู‡ุฐุง ุจุดุชุบู„ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุณุชุงุช ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ูˆู„ุงุฏุฉ ู…ุน
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:10:35,550 --> 00:10:38,870
503
+ ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู† ุฃุณุชุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ increase
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:10:38,870 --> 00:10:41,910
507
+ contractivity function ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ ู„ุชุฑูŠู†
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:10:41,910 --> 00:10:47,030
511
+ contraction ุจุชู‚ู„ุตุงุช ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฑุญู… ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ูˆู„ุงุฏุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:10:47,030 --> 00:10:50,610
515
+ ู‡ูˆ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ females ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ femalesุงู„
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:10:50,610 --> 00:10:55,270
519
+ vasopressin ุงูˆ ุงู„ antidiuretic hormone ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ู†ู‚ุต
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:10:55,270 --> 00:10:57,970
523
+ ููŠ ุงู„ antidiuretic hormone ุงูˆ ุงู„ vasopressin
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:10:57,970 --> 00:11:03,690
527
+ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูŠุตุงุจ ุจู…ุฑุถ ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุงู„ูƒุงุฐุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:11:03,690 --> 00:11:07,830
531
+ diabetes insipidens ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ hormone ู‡ุฐุง ุงุญู†ุง
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:11:07,830 --> 00:11:10,490
535
+ ุจู†ุดุฑุจ ู…ูŠุงู‡ ุจู†ุฑูˆุญ ุญู…ุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ูˆ ู…ุงูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:11:10,490 --> 00:11:13,030
539
+ hormone ู‡ุฐุง ูƒุงู† ูƒู„ ุงู„ุณูˆุงุฆู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ุชู†ุฒู„ ู…ุน ุงู„
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:11:13,030 --> 00:11:16,410
543
+ ball ุชู†ุฒู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ ball ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ hormone ุจู…ุฑ
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:11:16,410 --> 00:11:23,140
547
+ reabsorptionููŠ ุงู„ูƒุฏู†ู‰ ู„ู…ู†ุŸ ู„ู„ุณูˆุงุฆู„ ุจู…ู†ุน ุงู„ุณูˆุงุฆู„
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:11:23,140 --> 00:11:26,800
551
+ ุชุฎุฑุฌ ู…ุน ุงู„ุจูˆู„ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ููŠ
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:11:26,800 --> 00:11:29,860
555
+ ู†ู‚ุต ุนูŠู†ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุจูŠุดุฑุจ ู…ูŠู‡ ูˆุน
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:11:29,860 --> 00:11:33,420
559
+ ุงู„ุญู…ุงู… ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ุจุฏู‡ ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงุฑ ุฃูŠุด ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ู…ูŠู‡ ูŠุธู„ูˆุง
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:11:33,420 --> 00:11:36,660
563
+ ูŠุดุฑููˆุง ููŠู‡ ูˆุน ุงู„ุญู…ุงู… transit ุงู„ู…ูŠู‡ ุจุชุทู„ุน ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:11:36,660 --> 00:11:39,980
567
+ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู† ูŠุนู…ู„ ุญุฌุฒ ุจู…ู†ุน ุงู„ุณูˆุงุฆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎุฑูˆุฌ
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:11:39,980 --> 00:11:46,360
571
+ ุจูƒู…ูŠุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ antidiuretic ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจู…ู†ุน ุฎุฑูˆุฌ ุงู„ุจูˆู„
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:11:46,360 --> 00:11:56,020
575
+ ุจูƒู…ูŠุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ุงู…ูˆุณ ู‡ูŠ ุฑูˆู„ุฉ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ููŠ ู†ุดุทุฉ ู†ุดุฑ
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:11:56,020 --> 00:12:00,960
579
+ ุงู„ุญุฑู…ูˆู† ูˆู†ุดุฑ ุงู„ุญุฑู…ูˆู† ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ุงู…ูˆุณ ุจูŠูุฑุฒู„ู†ุง
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:12:00,960 --> 00:12:04,640
583
+ ุญุฑู…ูˆู†ุงุชุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุชุนู…ู„ control ู„ู€ Pituitary
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:12:04,640 --> 00:12:08,680
587
+ gland ุฅู…ุง ุจุชุฒูˆุฏ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… ุฃูˆ ุจุชุฎูู ุงู„ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุชุจุนุช ู…ูŠู†ุŸ
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:12:08,680 --> 00:12:13,160
591
+ Pituitary gland ุทุจ ุงู„ Oxytocin ูˆ ุงู„ antidiuretic
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:12:13,160 --> 00:12:17,060
595
+ hormone ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุฃูˆ ุบุงุฒูˆุจุฑูŠุณูŠู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ ู‡ูŠุจูˆุชู„ุงู…ุณ
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:12:17,060 --> 00:12:21,520
599
+ ุจูุฑุฒู‡ู… ูˆ ุจูŠุณู„ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุงู‡ุฒูŠู† ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ุงู„ posterior loop
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:12:21,520 --> 00:12:23,280
603
+ of Pituitary gland
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:12:31,410 --> 00:12:40,910
607
+ ู‡ุฐุง posterior loop ูˆู‡ุฐุง anterior loop ู‡ูŠูˆุถุญ
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:12:40,910 --> 00:12:44,710
611
+ ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ู…ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ุงู…ุณ ููŠู‡ ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู†ุงุช ุจูŠุณู„ู…ูˆุง
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:12:44,710 --> 00:12:50,330
615
+ ู…ุฌู‡ุฒูŠู† ู„ู„ posterior loop of pituitary gland ูˆู‡ู†ุง
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:12:50,330 --> 00:12:55,330
619
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ anterior loop of pituitary gland ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:12:55,330 --> 00:13:01,180
623
+ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุฃุตูŠุจ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ุงู…ุณููŠ ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ุชูŠุฌูŠ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:13:01,180 --> 00:13:05,960
627
+ Endocrine ุฃูˆ metabolic syndromeุŒ hypogonadism
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:13:05,960 --> 00:13:10,570
631
+ ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌุงุจ ุจุญุฏุซ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู…ุชู†ูŠู†ุŒ diabetes
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:13:10,570 --> 00:13:14,190
635
+ insipidus ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงู‡ู… ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุงู„ูƒุงุฐุจุŒ ุจูŠุถู„ูˆุง
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:13:14,190 --> 00:13:17,850
639
+ ูŠุดุฑุจูˆุง ู…ูŠู‡ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ูˆ ูŠุจูˆู„ูˆุง ูƒุชูŠุฑุŒ ุจู†ููƒุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู†ุฏู‡
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:13:17,850 --> 00:13:20,890
643
+ ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุจู†ูุญุต ุงู„ glucose ููŠ ุงู„ bloodุŒ ุจู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:13:20,890 --> 00:13:24,030
647
+ normalุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุงู„ูƒุงุฐุจุŒ ู†ู‚ุต
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:13:24,030 --> 00:13:28,070
651
+ ููŠู‡ hormone ุงู„ antidiureticุŒ opposite ุณู…ู†ุฉุŒ
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:13:28,070 --> 00:13:33,290
655
+ ุงู„ุฃูุฑุงุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุฒู†ุŒ ุณู…ู†ุฉุŒ anorexia ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูู‚ุฏุงู†
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:13:33,290 --> 00:13:39,820
659
+ ุงู„ุดู‡ูŠุฉุŒ loss of appetiteุจูˆู„ูŠู…ูŠุง ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูƒุงู†
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:13:39,820 --> 00:13:43,920
663
+ ุนู†ุฏู‡ stroke of head trauma severe head trauma ู‡ุฐุง
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:13:43,920 --> 00:13:46,980
667
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุฌุณู… ุงู„ neurology ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุฃูˆูƒุฑุงู†ูŠุง
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:13:46,980 --> 00:13:51,300
671
+ ู…ุงุฎู„ุงุด ุชู„ุงุฌุฉ ู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุณุฑู‚ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ุฃูƒู„ ุฎู„ุงุต ู…ุงุญุฏุด
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:13:51,300 --> 00:13:54,520
675
+ ู…ู…ู†ุนู‡ ุนู† ุงู„ุฃูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ูŠุฃูƒู„ ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ูŠูˆู…
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:13:54,520 --> 00:13:58,060
679
+ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ูŠุฃูƒู„ ูŠุฃูƒู„ ูˆ ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ูŠูู„ ุงู„ุชู†ูƒ ุชุจุนู‡ ูŠุฑูˆุญ ูŠุนู…ู„
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:13:58,060 --> 00:14:01,960
683
+ vomiting ูŠุฑุฌุน ู…ู† ูƒุชุฑ ู…ุง ุฃูƒู„ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ูŠุฑูˆุญ ูŠุฃูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:14:01,960 --> 00:14:07,250
687
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุงูŠู‡ ุจูˆู„ูŠู…ูŠุงeat much ูˆ it's associated with
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:14:07,250 --> 00:14:10,250
691
+ vomiting ุจูŠุถู„ ูŠุฃูƒู„ ูˆ ูŠุฑุฌุน ูŠุฃูƒู„ ูˆ ูŠุฑุฌุน ู‡ูˆูŠุชู‡ ุงู„ุฃูƒู„
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:14:10,250 --> 00:14:14,030
695
+ ุจุณ ุญุฏ ููŠู‡ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ููŠู‡ ุงู„hypothalamus ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:14:14,030 --> 00:14:17,970
699
+ central hyperthermia ุฃูˆ hypothermia ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:14:17,970 --> 00:14:21,590
703
+ ูŠุฏุฎู„ ููŠ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ูˆ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู†ุงุชุฌ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:14:21,590 --> 00:14:25,570
707
+ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ ู…ู† ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุงู„hypothalamus
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:14:25,570 --> 00:14:30,370
711
+ ูˆ ู‚ุฏ ูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง neurological disturbances psychic
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:14:30,370 --> 00:14:33,010
715
+ disturbances ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ู†ูุณูŠุฉ ุงุทู„ุจุงุช ู†ูุณูŠุฉ
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:14:34,540 --> 00:14:37,020
719
+ Extrapyramidal manifestation ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู…
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:14:37,020 --> 00:14:41,600
723
+ involuntary movement ุญุฑูƒุงุช ู„ุง ุฅูŠุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ ูˆ I signs
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:14:41,600 --> 00:14:45,480
727
+ ู…ูŠูˆุณูŠ ุฃูˆ ู…ุฏุฑูŠุงุณูŠ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุนุฑู ุงู„ sympathetic
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:14:45,480 --> 00:14:49,780
731
+ innervation ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ุงู…ูˆุณ ู…ุฑูƒุฒ ุงู„
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:14:49,780 --> 00:14:52,480
735
+ autonomic nervous system ุจุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ู…ู†
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:14:52,480 --> 00:14:57,860
739
+ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ุงู…ูˆุณ ุงู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ูƒู„ู…ุชูŠู† ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ููŠ ุงู„ pituitary
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:14:57,860 --> 00:15:02,520
743
+ glandุจุชูˆุชุฑ ุฌู„ุงู†ุฏ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง hypothesis ุฃูˆ ุฅู„ุง ุงุณู…
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:15:02,520 --> 00:15:06,420
747
+ ุชุงู†ูŠ master gland ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ master ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ king ุงู„ู„ูŠ
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:15:06,420 --> 00:15:11,260
751
+ ุจุชุญูƒู… ููŠ ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูˆูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉุŸ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:15:11,260 --> 00:15:16,720
755
+ hypothesis .. hypothesis ุงู„ูุตุฉ ููŠ .. ุชุญุช ุงู„ุฏูŠุงูุฑุงุฌ
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:15:16,720 --> 00:15:22,460
759
+ ู…ุณู„ุฉุงู„ู€ shape ุจุชุงุนู‡ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุงุชู†ุงุดุฑ ู…ูŠู„ูŠ ู…ุชุฑ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
760
+
761
+ 191
762
+ 00:15:22,460 --> 00:15:25,900
763
+ ุงู„ Transverse Diameter ูˆ ุงู„ Antirubosterior
764
+
765
+ 192
766
+ 00:15:25,900 --> 00:15:29,820
767
+ Diameter ุชู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ู…ูŠู„ูŠ ู…ุชุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุงุฎุชุตุงุฑ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ูˆุงุญุฏ
768
+
769
+ 193
770
+ 00:15:29,820 --> 00:15:34,380
771
+ ุตู†ุชูŠ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ู‚ุฏุงุด ูˆุงุญุฏ ุตู†ุชูŠ relation ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠุญุฏู‡ุง ู…ู†
772
+
773
+ 194
774
+ 00:15:34,380 --> 00:15:40,560
775
+ ููˆู‚ ุฏู‡ ูุฑู‚ ู…ุซู„ุฉ ุชูุตู„ู‡ุง ุนู† ุงู„ optic chiasma
776
+
777
+ 195
778
+ 00:15:41,240 --> 00:15:45,280
779
+ ู…ู† ุชุญุช below sphenoid bone and sphenoid sinus
780
+
781
+ 196
782
+ 00:15:45,280 --> 00:15:48,580
783
+ ุจูŠูุตู„ู‡ุง ุนู† ุงู„ nasal pharynx ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ู„ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ
784
+
785
+ 197
786
+ 00:15:48,580 --> 00:15:51,760
787
+ ูˆุฑู… ููŠ ุงู„ุบุฏุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฎุงู…ูŠุฉ ุจูŠููˆุชูˆุง approach ุจูŠูุชุญูˆุด
788
+
789
+ 198
790
+ 00:15:51,760 --> 00:15:56,200
791
+ ุงู„ุฑุงุณ ูƒู„ู‡ ุจูŠููˆุชูˆุง ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุฃู†ู trans nasal trans
792
+
793
+ 199
794
+ 00:15:56,200 --> 00:15:58,980
795
+ sphenoidal approach ู…ู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุฃู†ู ูˆ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
796
+
797
+ 200
798
+ 00:15:58,980 --> 00:16:03,740
799
+ sphenoid sinus on each side ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุทุฑุงู ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌู†ุงุจ
800
+
801
+ 201
802
+ 00:16:04,690 --> 00:16:09,770
803
+ ุจุญุฏู‡ู… ุงู„ู€ cavernous sinus ูˆ its contents ูˆ ุงู„
804
+
805
+ 202
806
+ 00:16:09,770 --> 00:16:13,490
807
+ contents ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠู‡ ู…ุน ู…ูŠู† ู…ุฑุชุจุท ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€
808
+
809
+ 203
810
+ 00:16:13,490 --> 00:16:16,610
811
+ Pituitary gland connected with Hypothalamus ู…ุน ุงู„ู€
812
+
813
+ 204
814
+ 00:16:16,610 --> 00:16:22,970
815
+ Hypothalamus ุจุชู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† anterior loop ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง
816
+
817
+ 205
818
+ 00:16:22,970 --> 00:16:27,470
819
+ adenohypophysis ูˆ posterior loop ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง
820
+
821
+ 206
822
+ 00:16:27,470 --> 00:16:29,490
823
+ neurohypophysis
824
+
825
+ 207
826
+ 00:16:31,050 --> 00:16:35,530
827
+ ูู‡ูŠ ุงู„ pituitary gland ู…ุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน ู…ูŠู† ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู…ุน
828
+
829
+ 208
830
+ 00:16:35,530 --> 00:16:40,550
831
+ ุงู„hypothalamus ุจูŠุญุฏู‡ุง ู…ู† ุชุญุช sphenoid sinus ูˆ
832
+
833
+ 209
834
+ 00:16:40,550 --> 00:16:45,850
835
+ sphenoid bone ู…ู† ุฃุนู„ู‰ ูู‰ ุฏูŠุงูุฑุงุฌ ู…ุซู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูุตู„ู‡ุง ุนู†
836
+
837
+ 210
838
+ 00:16:45,850 --> 00:16:50,450
839
+ ุงู„ optic chiasm on each side ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง ุงู„
840
+
841
+ 211
842
+ 00:16:50,450 --> 00:16:53,450
843
+ cavernous sinus and its contents
844
+
845
+ 212
846
+ 00:16:56,650 --> 00:17:00,570
847
+ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ posterior loop ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
848
+
849
+ 213
850
+ 00:17:00,570 --> 00:17:04,350
851
+ neurohypothesis ูˆ anterior loop ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
852
+
853
+ 214
854
+ 00:17:04,350 --> 00:17:12,950
855
+ adenohypothesis ุงู„ functions of pituitary gland ุงู„
856
+
857
+ 215
858
+ 00:17:12,950 --> 00:17:15,430
859
+ anterior and pituitary hormones ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูุฑุฒูˆุง ู…ู† ุงู„
860
+
861
+ 216
862
+ 00:17:15,430 --> 00:17:20,570
863
+ anterior loop growth hormoneุŒ ุญุฑู…ูˆู† ุงู„ู†ู…ูˆุŒ
864
+
865
+ 217
866
+ 00:17:20,570 --> 00:17:26,100
867
+ prolactin hormoneุŒ ุญุฑู…ูˆู† ุงู„ุญู„ูŠุจุŒ ูุงู„ู…ู„ูƒู„ูˆ ุฒุงุฏ
868
+
869
+ 218
870
+ 00:17:26,100 --> 00:17:33,540
871
+ ู†ุณุจุชู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตุจุญ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ูˆุฑู… ุงู„ุจุฑูˆู„ุงูƒุชูŠู†ูˆู…ุง ุชุฏุฎู…
872
+
873
+ 219
874
+ 00:17:33,540 --> 00:17:36,700
875
+ ุงูˆ ูˆุฑู… ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆู„ุงูƒุชูŠู† ุณูŠู„ุฒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจ increase
876
+
877
+ 220
878
+ 00:17:36,700 --> 00:17:41,700
879
+ in milk secretion STH Adrenocorticotropic hormone
880
+
881
+ 221
882
+ 00:17:41,700 --> 00:17:46,400
883
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ุฃุฏุฑูŠู†ุงู„ ุฌู„ุงู†ุฏ TSH Thyroid
884
+
885
+ 222
886
+ 00:17:46,400 --> 00:17:49,520
887
+ Stimulating Hormone ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ุซูŠุฑูˆูŠุฏ
888
+
889
+ 223
890
+ 00:17:49,520 --> 00:17:56,830
891
+ ุฌู„ุงู†ุฏ ุงู„ุบุฏุงุฏุฑู‚ูŠุฉุงู„ู€ H ูˆุงู„ู€ FSH ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€
892
+
893
+ 224
894
+ 00:17:56,830 --> 00:18:05,870
895
+ hormones ุจุชุงุนูŠู† ุงู„ female hormones ุงู„ posterior
896
+
897
+ 225
898
+ 00:18:08,870 --> 00:18:11,950
899
+ ุจุชุชุฑูŠ ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูุฑุฒู‡ ู…ู† ุจุณุชูŠุฑูˆู„ูˆุจ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงู† ู‡ู…
900
+
901
+ 226
902
+ 00:18:11,950 --> 00:18:16,190
903
+ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู‡ู… ุงุตู„ุง ุจูŠูุฑุฒู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ู…ุณ ูˆ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ู…ุณ
904
+
905
+ 227
906
+ 00:18:16,190 --> 00:18:20,990
907
+ ุจูŠุณู„ู…ู‡ู… ู„ู…ู†ุŸ ู„ุจุชุชุฑูŠ ุฌู„ุงู†ุฏ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† antidiuretic
908
+
909
+ 228
910
+ 00:18:20,990 --> 00:18:27,650
911
+ hormone ุงูˆ vazopressin ูˆุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ oxytocin
912
+
913
+ 229
914
+ 00:18:27,650 --> 00:18:33,570
915
+ ูˆู‡ูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู† ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจุณุชูŠุฑูˆู„ูˆุจ ูˆ ุงู„ุงู†ุชูŠุฑูˆู„ูˆุจ ูˆู‡ูŠ
916
+
917
+ 230
918
+ 00:18:33,570 --> 00:18:37,830
919
+ ุงู„ุซุงู„ู…ุณ connection ู…ุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ู…ุณู‡ูƒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฎู„ุตุช ู…ูˆุถูˆุน
920
+
921
+ 231
922
+ 00:18:37,830 --> 00:18:41,770
923
+ ุงู„ diencephalon ุฏู„ูˆู‚ุช ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ ู…ู†
924
+
925
+ 232
926
+ 00:18:41,770 --> 00:18:45,870
927
+ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ cerebellum cerebellum it is a
928
+
929
+ 233
930
+ 00:18:45,870 --> 00:18:52,860
931
+ little brain ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ู…ุฎ cerebrum ูˆู…ุฎูŠุฎ cerebellumู…ู†
932
+
933
+ 234
934
+ 00:18:52,860 --> 00:18:56,180
935
+ ุงู„ู€ embryological origin it is largest part of
936
+
937
+ 235
938
+ 00:18:56,180 --> 00:19:01,220
939
+ hindbrainุŒ ุงู„ู€ hindbrain ู…ู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู†ุŒ ู…ู†ู‚ุณู… ู„
940
+
941
+ 236
942
+ 00:19:01,220 --> 00:19:05,480
943
+ metencephalon ูˆ myelencephalonุŒ metencephalon
944
+
945
+ 237
946
+ 00:19:05,480 --> 00:19:09,980
947
+ ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง cerebellum and pons ูˆ myelencephalon ูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง
948
+
949
+ 238
950
+ 00:19:09,980 --> 00:19:15,250
951
+ ู…ุฏู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุฉูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูˆุงุถุญุŒ hindbrain ุฃุนุทุงู†ุง ุฑูˆู…ุจูˆู†
952
+
953
+ 239
954
+ 00:19:15,250 --> 00:19:20,290
955
+ ุณูŠูุงู„ูˆู†ุŒ ุฑูˆู…ุจูˆู† ุณูŠูุงู„ูˆู† ุฃุนุทุงู†ุง ู…ุชู† ุณูŠูุงู„ูˆู†ุŒ ูˆุงู„ู…ุชู†
956
+
957
+ 240
958
+ 00:19:20,290 --> 00:19:23,390
959
+ ุณูŠูุงู„ูˆู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃุนุทู‰ ุงู„ cerebellum and bonesุŒ ูˆูŠู†
960
+
961
+ 241
962
+ 00:19:23,390 --> 00:19:27,550
963
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ cerebellumุŸุณูŠุฑูŠุจูŠู„ุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
964
+
965
+ 242
966
+ 00:19:27,550 --> 00:19:33,230
967
+ posterior cranial fossa ุชุญุช
968
+
969
+ 243
970
+ 00:19:33,230 --> 00:19:40,190
971
+ ุงู„ุชู†ุชูˆุฑูŠูˆู… ุณูŠุฑูŠุจูŠู„ุงูŠ ูˆ ุฎู„ู ุงู„ู€ brain stem and
972
+
973
+ 244
974
+ 00:19:40,190 --> 00:19:43,790
975
+ fourth ventricle ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุฎู„ู ุงู„ brain stem
976
+
977
+ 245
978
+ 00:19:43,790 --> 00:19:50,340
979
+ ุงุฏู‚ ุฎู„ู ุงู„ pants ูˆ ุงู„ open medullaุทุจ ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠูุตู„ ู…ุง
980
+
981
+ 246
982
+ 00:19:50,340 --> 00:19:54,980
983
+ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ cerebellum ูˆ ุงู„ pons ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉุŸ ุจูŠูุตู„
984
+
985
+ 247
986
+ 00:19:54,980 --> 00:19:59,640
987
+ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ fourth ventricle ุทุจ ู…ู† ุฃุนู„ู‰ .. ุฃุนู„ู‰
988
+
989
+ 248
990
+ 00:19:59,640 --> 00:20:03,200
991
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ tentorium cerebelli ุชูุตู„ ุนู† ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ
992
+
993
+ 249
994
+ 00:20:03,200 --> 00:20:08,460
995
+ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ cerebrum it is part of the brain located
996
+
997
+ 250
998
+ 00:20:08,460 --> 00:20:14,700
999
+ dorsal or posterior to the pons and upper medulla
1000
+
1001
+ 251
1002
+ 00:20:15,390 --> 00:20:19,950
1003
+ occupies most of the posterior cranial fossa ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
1004
+
1005
+ 252
1006
+ 00:20:19,950 --> 00:20:24,010
1007
+ ููŠ ุงู„ posterior cranial fossa and located also
1008
+
1009
+ 253
1010
+ 00:20:24,010 --> 00:20:29,630
1011
+ below the tentorium cerebelli ุชุนู…ู„ separation
1012
+
1013
+ 254
1014
+ 00:20:29,630 --> 00:20:34,610
1015
+ between ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„cerebrum and cerebellum
1016
+
1017
+ 255
1018
+ 00:20:34,610 --> 00:20:41,990
1019
+ shape ุงู„cerebellum ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† global shaperelation
1020
+
1021
+ 256
1022
+ 00:20:41,990 --> 00:20:48,090
1023
+ of cerebellum ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠุญุฏ ุงู„ cerebellum ู…ู† ููˆู‚ุŸ
1024
+
1025
+ 257
1026
+ 00:20:48,090 --> 00:20:52,010
1027
+ tentorium cerebelli ุชูุตู„ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ cerebellum below
1028
+
1029
+ 258
1030
+ 00:20:52,010 --> 00:20:56,050
1031
+ and cerebrum above ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ cerebrum ูŠุนุชุจุฑ supra
1032
+
1033
+ 259
1034
+ 00:20:56,050 --> 00:20:59,470
1035
+ tentorial ูˆุงู„cerebellum infra tentorial ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ
1036
+
1037
+ 260
1038
+ 00:21:02,370 --> 00:21:06,870
1039
+ fourth ventricle ุจูŠุนู…ู„ separation between the
1040
+
1041
+ 261
1042
+ 00:21:06,870 --> 00:21:13,090
1043
+ cerebellum and pons ูˆ ุงู„ open ู…ุถู„ุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ fourth
1044
+
1045
+ 262
1046
+ 00:21:13,090 --> 00:21:16,470
1047
+ ventricle ุจูŠูุตู„ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ cerebellum ุงู„ cerebellum
1048
+
1049
+ 263
1050
+ 00:21:16,470 --> 00:21:21,900
1051
+ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุฎู„ูู‡ ูˆ ุฃู…ุงู…ู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ pons ูˆ ุงู„ open ู…ุถู„ุฉon
1052
+
1053
+ 264
1054
+ 00:21:21,900 --> 00:21:26,040
1055
+ each side ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ูˆ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ุจูŠุญุถูˆุง ุงู„
1056
+
1057
+ 265
1058
+ 00:21:26,040 --> 00:21:31,640
1059
+ mastoid antrum ูˆ ุจูŠุญุถูˆุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ sigmoid dural
1060
+
1061
+ 266
1062
+ 00:21:31,640 --> 00:21:39,020
1063
+ venous sinus ู‡ุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ู†ุง tentorium cerebelli
1064
+
1065
+ 267
1066
+ 00:21:39,020 --> 00:21:44,820
1067
+ ู‡ุงุฏูŠ ุจุชูุตู„ ู…ู† ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ cerebellum ุชุญุชู‡ุง ูˆ ุงู„
1068
+
1069
+ 268
1070
+ 00:21:44,820 --> 00:21:50,210
1071
+ cerebrum ููˆู‚ู‡ุงูˆ on each side ุจูŠูƒูˆู† sigmoid venous
1072
+
1073
+ 269
1074
+ 00:21:50,210 --> 00:21:54,130
1075
+ sinus ูˆ ุงู„ mastoid antrum ู…ุด ูˆุงุถุญ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆ ู…ู†
1076
+
1077
+ 270
1078
+ 00:21:54,130 --> 00:21:59,290
1079
+ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู… ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ู†ุง ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ fourth ventricle ุงู„
1080
+
1081
+ 271
1082
+ 00:21:59,290 --> 00:22:04,210
1083
+ fourth ventricle ุจูŠูุตู„ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ cerebellum behind ุนู†
1084
+
1085
+ 272
1086
+ 00:22:04,210 --> 00:22:10,300
1087
+ ุงู„ palms ูˆ ุงู„ open medulla anteriorlyูˆ above ู…ู†
1088
+
1089
+ 273
1090
+ 00:22:10,300 --> 00:22:13,840
1091
+ ููˆู‚ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุงู† ุงู„ tentorium cerebelli ุจุชูุตู„ ู…ุง ุจูŠู†
1092
+
1093
+ 274
1094
+ 00:22:13,840 --> 00:22:20,380
1095
+ cerebellum below ุนู† cerebrum above ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู„
1096
+
1097
+ 275
1098
+ 00:22:20,380 --> 00:22:23,780
1099
+ fourth ventricle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠูุตู„ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„
1100
+
1101
+ 276
1102
+ 00:22:23,780 --> 00:22:28,800
1103
+ cerebellum behind ุนู† ุงู„ pons ูˆ ุงู„ upper medulla
1104
+
1105
+ 277
1106
+ 00:22:28,800 --> 00:22:34,540
1107
+ anteriorly what's the functions of cerebellumุŸ ุงูŠุด
1108
+
1109
+ 278
1110
+ 00:22:34,540 --> 00:22:39,100
1111
+ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ cerebellumุŸ ุงูˆู„ ุดูŠุกmaintain equilibrium
1112
+
1113
+ 279
1114
+ 00:22:39,100 --> 00:22:45,100
1115
+ of the trunk ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูˆุงุฒู† muscle tone
1116
+
1117
+ 280
1118
+ 00:22:45,100 --> 00:22:48,820
1119
+ regulation regulation of muscle tone ุชู„ุงุซุฉ
1120
+
1121
+ 281
1122
+ 00:22:48,820 --> 00:22:53,980
1123
+ coordination and regulation of involuntary motor
1124
+
1125
+ 282
1126
+ 00:22:53,980 --> 00:22:57,440
1127
+ activity ุงู†ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุงู…ุณูƒ ุงู„ู‚ุจุฑุฉ ุจูŠุฏูŠ it is fine
1128
+
1129
+ 283
1130
+ 00:22:57,440 --> 00:22:58,220
1131
+ activity
1132
+
1133
+ 284
1134
+ 00:23:00,610 --> 00:23:04,790
1135
+ ุฒุฑ ุงู„ุฌู…ูŠุต fine activity ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู†ุง ุจุชุญูƒู… ููŠู‡ู… ุตุญ ู„ูƒู†
1136
+
1137
+ 285
1138
+ 00:23:04,790 --> 00:23:07,390
1139
+ ู„ูˆ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ cerebellum ุจูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุชุฑู†ุญ ูˆ
1140
+
1141
+ 286
1142
+ 00:23:07,390 --> 00:23:11,070
1143
+ dis coordination ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุง ุจู‚ุฏุฑ ุฃุนู…ู„
1144
+
1145
+ 287
1146
+ 00:23:11,070 --> 00:23:17,610
1147
+ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงูŠุง tremor ุฑุดูุฉ ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุงู…ุงุฐุง ุนู†
1148
+
1149
+ 288
1150
+ 00:23:17,610 --> 00:23:21,030
1151
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ cerebellumุŸ ู…ุชุฐูƒุฑูŠู† ุงู„ู€
1152
+
1153
+ 289
1154
+ 00:23:21,030 --> 00:23:23,910
1155
+ cerebrum ู„ู…ุง ู†ุงุฎุฏู†ุงู‡ุŸ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุงู†ู‡ ููŠู‡ ุจูŠุฒู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ
1156
+
1157
+ 290
1158
+ 00:23:23,910 --> 00:23:28,730
1159
+ ููŠู‡ ุจูŠุฒู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ุงู„ุงู† ู„ู…ุง ู†ุงุฎุฏู†ุง ุงู„cerebrum ูƒุงู†
1160
+
1161
+ 291
1162
+ 00:23:28,730 --> 00:23:31,630
1163
+ ููŠู‡ ุจูŠุฒู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ุงู„ุงู† ู„ู…ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„cerebellum
1164
+
1165
+ 292
1166
+ 00:23:31,630 --> 00:23:36,230
1167
+ ููŠู‡ ูƒู…ุงู† ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ุงูŠุด ุงุณู… ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠุŸ dented nucleus
1168
+
1169
+ 293
1170
+ 00:23:36,230 --> 00:23:40,850
1171
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง dented ู„ุฃู† ุดูƒู„ู‡ุง ูŠุณุจุจ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู† ู…ุณู†ู†ุฉ ู…ุซู„
1172
+
1173
+ 294
1174
+ 00:23:40,850 --> 00:23:45,660
1175
+ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู† ู…ุซู„ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู† ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉุŸุจู€
1176
+
1177
+ 295
1178
+ 00:23:45,660 --> 00:23:49,340
1179
+ Coordination and Regulation of Voluntary Motor
1180
+
1181
+ 296
1182
+ 00:23:49,340 --> 00:23:56,960
1183
+ Activity ุจู€ Coordination
1184
+
1185
+ 297
1186
+ 00:23:56,960 --> 00:23:57,520
1187
+ and Regulation of Voluntary Motor Activity ุจู€
1188
+
1189
+ 298
1190
+ 00:23:57,520 --> 00:23:57,640
1191
+ Activity ุจู€ Coordination and Regulation of
1192
+
1193
+ 299
1194
+ 00:23:57,640 --> 00:23:57,760
1195
+ Regulation of Voluntary Motor Activity ุจู€
1196
+
1197
+ 300
1198
+ 00:23:57,760 --> 00:23:58,320
1199
+ Activity ุจู€ Coordination and Regulation of
1200
+
1201
+ 301
1202
+ 00:23:58,320 --> 00:24:01,440
1203
+ Regulation of Voluntary Motor Activity ุจู€
1204
+
1205
+ 302
1206
+ 00:24:01,440 --> 00:24:07,460
1207
+ Coordination
1208
+
1209
+ 303
1210
+ 00:24:07,460 --> 00:24:11,640
1211
+ and Regulation
1212
+
1213
+ 304
1214
+ 00:24:11,640 --> 00:24:14,200
1215
+ of Voluntary Motor Act
1216
+
1217
+ 305
1218
+ 00:24:16,230 --> 00:24:20,270
1219
+ ู‡ูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ ุฃูˆู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฒ ู…ู„ุงุญุธูŠู† ุฃุณู†ุงู†ู‡ุง ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู†
1220
+
1221
+ 306
1222
+ 00:24:20,270 --> 00:24:28,210
1223
+ ุณู…ูˆู‡ุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุฏู†ุชูŠุช ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฒ ุฏู†ุชูŠุช ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฒ ูˆุงุถุญุŸ ู†ูุณ
1224
+
1225
+ 307
1226
+ 00:24:28,210 --> 00:24:32,730
1227
+ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู† ุณู…ูˆู‡ุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุฏู†ุชูŠุช ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฒ ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1228
+
1229
+ 308
1230
+ 00:24:32,730 --> 00:24:40,030
1231
+ ู‡ูˆ emboliform ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฒ ุงู„ุจุนุฏู‡ globus ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฒ ูˆุขุฎุฑ
1232
+
1233
+ 309
1234
+ 00:24:40,030 --> 00:24:42,150
1235
+ ุดุฆ fastigial ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฒ
1236
+
1237
+ 310
1238
+ 00:24:51,500 --> 00:24:56,220
1239
+ Cerebellar connections ู…ุน ู…ูŠู† ู…ุฑุชุจุท ุงู„cerebellumุŸ
1240
+
1241
+ 311
1242
+ 00:24:56,220 --> 00:25:00,720
1243
+ On each side connected with the brainstem by three
1244
+
1245
+ 312
1246
+ 00:25:00,720 --> 00:25:05,140
1247
+ peduncles ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„cerebellar ู„ู‡ three pairs of
1248
+
1249
+ 313
1250
+ 00:25:05,140 --> 00:25:09,900
1251
+ pedunclesุŒ ู„ู‡ ุซู„ุงุซ ุฃุฒูˆุงุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ pedunclesุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
1252
+
1253
+ 314
1254
+ 00:25:09,900 --> 00:25:13,880
1255
+ right ูˆ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ left Superior cerebellar peduncles
1256
+
1257
+ 315
1258
+ 00:25:13,880 --> 00:25:18,660
1259
+ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ midbrain Middle cerebellar peduncles
1260
+
1261
+ 316
1262
+ 00:25:18,660 --> 00:25:23,950
1263
+ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ pantsูˆ inferior cerebellar peduncles
1264
+
1265
+ 317
1266
+ 00:25:23,950 --> 00:25:27,750
1267
+ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุง ุงูˆ ุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ุงูƒุจุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฌู…
1268
+
1269
+ 318
1270
+ 00:25:27,750 --> 00:25:32,290
1271
+ ููŠู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ middle middle cerebellar peduncle
1272
+
1273
+ 319
1274
+ 00:25:32,290 --> 00:25:41,030
1275
+ ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ุงู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ superior
1276
+
1277
+ 320
1278
+ 00:25:41,030 --> 00:25:44,150
1279
+ cerebellar
1280
+
1281
+ 321
1282
+ 00:25:44,150 --> 00:25:50,920
1283
+ peduncle ู‡ุงู†ู…ุฏู„ .. ู„ุฃ ู‡ู†ุง inferior cerebellar
1284
+
1285
+ 322
1286
+ 00:25:50,920 --> 00:25:55,960
1287
+ peduncles ูˆ ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑ ู‡ุฐุง middle cerebellar peduncles
1288
+
1289
+ 323
1290
+ 00:25:55,960 --> 00:26:00,440
1291
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง superior ู‡ุฐุง inferior ู‡ุฐุง middle
1292
+
1293
+ 324
1294
+ 00:26:00,440 --> 00:26:04,840
1295
+ cerebellar peduncles ุงู„ middle ู…ุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน ุงู„
1296
+
1297
+ 325
1298
+ 00:26:04,840 --> 00:26:08,720
1299
+ pawns inferior ู…ุน ุงู„ medulla oblongata ูˆ ุงู„
1300
+
1301
+ 326
1302
+ 00:26:08,720 --> 00:26:12,460
1303
+ superior ู…ุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน midbrain
1304
+
1305
+ 327
1306
+ 00:26:15,620 --> 00:26:18,880
1307
+ ู„ูˆ ุทู„ุนู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ external features of the cerebellum
1308
+
1309
+ 328
1310
+ 00:26:18,880 --> 00:26:22,220
1311
+ ุจุงู„ู„ุงุญุธ
1312
+
1313
+ 329
1314
+ 00:26:22,220 --> 00:26:26,360
1315
+ ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ cerebellar ู„ู‡ right and left cerebellar
1316
+
1317
+ 330
1318
+ 00:26:26,360 --> 00:26:30,720
1319
+ hemisphereูˆ ู…ุฑุชุจุทูŠู† ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ vermis ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1320
+
1321
+ 331
1322
+ 00:26:30,720 --> 00:26:34,920
1323
+ ุงูŠู‡ vermis superior ูˆ inferior anterior loop
1324
+
1325
+ 332
1326
+ 00:26:34,920 --> 00:26:41,840
1327
+ posterior loop ุฃูˆ middle loop posterior loop ุงูˆ
1328
+
1329
+ 333
1330
+ 00:26:41,840 --> 00:26:45,460
1331
+ middle loop ูˆ floculonodular loop
1332
+
1333
+ 334
1334
+ 00:26:49,640 --> 00:26:53,460
1335
+ ูˆ posterior loop ูˆ follicular nodular loop ุงู„
1336
+
1337
+ 335
1338
+ 00:26:53,460 --> 00:26:57,720
1339
+ posterior loop ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ ูƒู…ุงู† middle loop ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ ุงูŠู‡
1340
+
1341
+ 336
1342
+ 00:26:57,720 --> 00:27:00,640
1343
+ middle loop ู„ูŠู‡ middle loop ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ุจู‚ุน ุจูŠู† ุงู„
1344
+
1345
+ 337
1346
+ 00:27:00,640 --> 00:27:03,980
1347
+ anterior ูˆ follicular nodular loop ูˆ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡
1348
+
1349
+ 338
1350
+ 00:27:03,980 --> 00:27:07,020
1351
+ posterior ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ุจู‚ุน ููŠ ุงู„ุฎู„ู ุฎู„ู ุงู„ anterior loop
1352
+
1353
+ 339
1354
+ 00:27:07,020 --> 00:27:12,190
1355
+ okay ููŠ primary ูุดุฑู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุงู„ primary fissure
1356
+
1357
+ 340
1358
+ 00:27:12,190 --> 00:27:17,130
1359
+ between the anterior and middle loop ููŠู‡ ุชู†ุฒู„ on
1360
+
1361
+ 341
1362
+ 00:27:17,130 --> 00:27:21,690
1363
+ each side of the inferior vermis ููŠู‡ horizontal
1364
+
1365
+ 342
1366
+ 00:27:21,690 --> 00:27:25,250
1367
+ fissure ูˆููŠู‡ posterior lateral fissure ุงู„
1368
+
1369
+ 343
1370
+ 00:27:25,250 --> 00:27:28,370
1371
+ posterior lateral fissure ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุจูŠู† flocular
1372
+
1373
+ 344
1374
+ 00:27:28,370 --> 00:27:31,770
1375
+ nodular loop ูˆ ุงู„ posterior loop ุงูˆ ุงู„ middle loop
1376
+
1377
+ 345
1378
+ 00:27:33,010 --> 00:27:37,730
1379
+ ุจูˆุถุญ ุนู†ุฏู‰ cerebellar hemispheres ูˆููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ููŠ
1380
+
1381
+ 346
1382
+ 00:27:37,730 --> 00:27:42,430
1383
+ ุดูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ vermis ู‡ู†ุง ุจูˆุถุญ ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝู„ุฃุญู…ุฑ ุงู„ anterior lobe
1384
+
1385
+ 347
1386
+ 00:27:42,430 --> 00:27:46,930
1387
+ ุฃู…ุงู…ูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ุฎู„ููŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† posterior lobe ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง
1388
+
1389
+ 348
1390
+ 00:27:46,930 --> 00:27:50,270
1391
+ middle lobe ู„ูŠู‡ ุณู…ูŠู†ุงู‡ุง middle lobe ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุจุชู‚ุน ุจูŠู†
1392
+
1393
+ 349
1394
+ 00:27:50,270 --> 00:27:53,950
1395
+ ุงู„ anterior lobe ูˆ flocular nodular lobes ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„
1396
+
1397
+ 350
1398
+ 00:27:53,950 --> 00:27:57,270
1399
+ primary fissure ุงู„ primary fissure ู‡ุฐู‡ ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ุง
1400
+
1401
+ 351
1402
+ 00:27:57,270 --> 00:28:01,870
1403
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชู‚ุน ุงูˆ ุจุชูุตู„ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1404
+
1405
+ 352
1406
+ 00:28:04,650 --> 00:28:09,630
1407
+ Anterior Loop ูˆPosterior
1408
+
1409
+ 353
1410
+ 00:28:09,630 --> 00:28:14,110
1411
+ Loop ุฃูˆ Middle Loop ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ Horizontal Fissure
1412
+
1413
+ 354
1414
+ 00:28:14,110 --> 00:28:17,470
1415
+ ู‡ุฐูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ Horizontal Fissure ููŠ Posterior Loop ุฃูˆ
1416
+
1417
+ 355
1418
+ 00:28:17,470 --> 00:28:23,430
1419
+ ููŠ Middle Loop ู‡ุฐูŠ ุชุนุชุจุฑ Anterior Loop ู‡ุฐูŠ
1420
+
1421
+ 356
1422
+ 00:28:23,430 --> 00:28:31,870
1423
+ Posterior Loop ุงูˆ Middle Loopุทุจุนุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ู‡ู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ู€
1424
+
1425
+ 357
1426
+ 00:28:31,870 --> 00:28:39,390
1427
+ External Features of the Cerebellum ู†ูƒู…ู„ ูƒู…ุงู† ู‡ุงูŠ
1428
+
1429
+ 358
1430
+ 00:28:39,390 --> 00:28:46,470
1431
+ ูˆุงุถุญ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ Tonsils ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ Vermis ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1432
+
1433
+ 359
1434
+ 00:28:46,470 --> 00:28:52,930
1435
+ Posterolateral Fissure ุจูุตู„ ุจูŠู† Fluculonodular
1436
+
1437
+ 360
1438
+ 00:28:52,930 --> 00:28:58,230
1439
+ Loops ูˆุงู„ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆู„ูˆุจ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ middle loopุงู„ูู„ูˆูƒูˆู„ูˆ
1440
+
1441
+ 361
1442
+ 00:28:58,230 --> 00:29:02,730
1443
+ ู†ูˆุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ู„ูˆุจ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† two flucolae ุญูŠูˆุงู† ูู„ูˆูƒูˆู„ุงุช ูˆ
1444
+
1445
+ 362
1446
+ 00:29:02,730 --> 00:29:08,390
1447
+ ุญูŠูˆุงู† ูˆ one nodule ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุณู…ูˆู‡ ูู„ูˆูƒูˆู„ูˆ ู†ูˆุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ
1448
+
1449
+ 363
1450
+ 00:29:08,390 --> 00:29:16,790
1451
+ ู„ูˆุจ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† two flucolae ูˆ one nodule ุงู„
1452
+
1453
+ 364
1454
+ 00:29:16,790 --> 00:29:20,570
1455
+ sub divisions of cerebellum ู‡ู†ุฎุชู„ููˆุง ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุก ููŠ
1456
+
1457
+ 365
1458
+ 00:29:20,570 --> 00:29:24,590
1459
+ ุชู‚ุณูŠู… ุงู„ cerebellum ุงู„ุฃุฎุตุงุฆูŠ ุจุชุงุนูŠ ุงู„ morphology
1460
+
1461
+ 366
1462
+ 00:29:24,590 --> 00:29:31,380
1463
+ ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ุฃู† ู†ู‚ุณู…ู‡ู„ุฃ rightูˆ left cerebellar
1464
+
1465
+ 367
1466
+ 00:29:31,380 --> 00:29:37,220
1467
+ hemispheres ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต median vermis ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ุชุนูŠูŠู† ุงู„
1468
+
1469
+ 368
1470
+ 00:29:37,220 --> 00:29:41,860
1471
+ morphology ุงุฎุชู„ููˆุง ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฌุณู…ู‡ ู„ ุงูŠู‡ ู„ right
1472
+
1473
+ 369
1474
+ 00:29:41,860 --> 00:29:45,060
1475
+ cerebellar hemispheres left cerebellar hemispheres
1476
+
1477
+ 370
1478
+ 00:29:45,060 --> 00:29:48,480
1479
+ ูˆ median vermis ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต ุจุชุนูŠูŠู† ุงู„ Anatomy ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ู„ุฃ
1480
+
1481
+ 371
1482
+ 00:29:48,480 --> 00:29:51,340
1483
+ ุจุฏู†ุงุด ุงู„ุชู‚ุณูŠู…ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุด ุนุงุฌุจุงู†ุง ู…ุด ู…ุงุดูŠ ู…ุนู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡
1484
+
1485
+ 372
1486
+ 00:29:51,340 --> 00:29:54,320
1487
+ ุงู„ุชู‚ุณูŠู…ุฉ ูƒูŠู ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฌุณู…ู‡ ุจุชุนูŠูŠู† ุงู„ Anatomy ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง
1488
+
1489
+ 373
1490
+ 00:29:54,320 --> 00:29:57,580
1491
+ ู†ุฌุณู…ู‡ ู„ anterior loop ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุฃู…ุงู… ุงู„ primary
1492
+
1493
+ 374
1494
+ 00:29:57,580 --> 00:30:01,460
1495
+ fissureูˆ posterior loop ุงูˆ middle loop ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู†
1496
+
1497
+ 375
1498
+ 00:30:01,460 --> 00:30:04,720
1499
+ ู…ุญุตูˆุฑุฉ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ primary fissure ูˆุงู„ posterior
1500
+
1501
+ 376
1502
+ 00:30:04,720 --> 00:30:09,580
1503
+ lateral sulcus ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุจูŠู† ุงู„ anterior loop ูˆ
1504
+
1505
+ 377
1506
+ 00:30:09,580 --> 00:30:14,220
1507
+ flocculonodular loop ูˆ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ flocculonodular loop
1508
+
1509
+ 378
1510
+ 00:30:14,220 --> 00:30:17,640
1511
+ ุชุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† two flocculi ูˆ one nodule in the middle
1512
+
1513
+ 379
1514
+ 00:30:18,470 --> 00:30:20,530
1515
+ ุจุชุงุนูŠู† ุงู„ููŠุณูŠูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ู„ุฃ ู…ุด ู…ุนุฌุจุงู†ุฉ ุงู„ุชู‚ุณูŠู…ุฉ
1516
+
1517
+ 380
1518
+ 00:30:20,530 --> 00:30:22,770
1519
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงุญู†ุง ู…ุงุนู†ุงุด ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุชุงุนูŠู† ุงู„ุงู†ุชูˆู…ูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ
1520
+
1521
+ 381
1522
+ 00:30:22,770 --> 00:30:25,010
1523
+ ูŠุฌูŠุจู†ุง ุชู‚ุณูŠู…ุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจุชุงุนูŠู† ุงู„ููŠุณูŠูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง
1524
+
1525
+ 382
1526
+ 00:30:25,010 --> 00:30:31,850
1527
+ ู†ู‚ุณู…ู‡ู… ู„ vestibular part ุฃูˆ ุฃุฑุดูˆ ุณูŠุฑุงุจูŠู„ุงู… ูˆ ุจุงู„ูŠูˆ
1528
+
1529
+ 383
1530
+ 00:30:31,850 --> 00:30:36,070
1531
+ ุณูŠุฑุงุจูŠู„ุงู… ูˆ ู†ูŠูˆ ุณูŠุฑุงุจูŠู„ุงู… ุญุณุจ ุงู„ development ู‡ุฐู‡
1532
+
1533
+ 384
1534
+ 00:30:36,070 --> 00:30:40,790
1535
+ ุงู„ุฃู‚ุฏู…ุฃูˆู„ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌู†ูŠู† ุจุนุฏู‡ ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ู€
1536
+
1537
+ 385
1538
+ 00:30:40,790 --> 00:30:43,810
1539
+ Paleocerebellum ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Neocerebellum ุฃุฌุฏุฏ ุฃุดูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู†
1540
+
1541
+ 386
1542
+ 00:30:43,810 --> 00:30:49,310
1543
+ ููŠ development of cerebellum ุฌูŠู†ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุญุทู†ุงู„ูƒูˆุง ุงู„
1544
+
1545
+ 387
1546
+ 00:30:49,310 --> 00:30:51,670
1547
+ physiological ุฃูˆ functional ูˆ anatomically
1548
+
1549
+ 388
1550
+ 00:30:51,670 --> 00:30:54,470
1551
+ subdivision of cerebellum ุฌู…ุนู†ุงู‡ู… ููŠ slide ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠ
1552
+
1553
+ 389
1554
+ 00:30:54,470 --> 00:30:58,770
1555
+ ุฌุฏูˆู„ ุนุดุงู† ู†ูˆุถุญู„ูƒูˆุง ุฅูŠุงู‡ู… Flucular nodular loop
1556
+
1557
+ 390
1558
+ 00:30:58,770 --> 00:31:02,240
1559
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠู‡ ุจุชูƒูˆู† fastigial nucleusู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงูŠุด ู…ู†
1560
+
1561
+ 391
1562
+ 00:31:02,240 --> 00:31:05,280
1563
+ ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ููŠุณูŠูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุงุŸ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† vestibular part ุงูˆ
1564
+
1565
+ 392
1566
+ 00:31:05,280 --> 00:31:08,480
1567
+ Arch Cerebellum ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ vestibular part ุงูˆ
1568
+
1569
+ 393
1570
+ 00:31:08,480 --> 00:31:11,460
1571
+ ุงู„ Arch CerebellumุŸ ู‡ูˆ ููŠ locular nodular loop
1572
+
1573
+ 394
1574
+ 00:31:11,460 --> 00:31:17,660
1575
+ ุชู…ุงู… it is oldest part of cerebellum ุงู‚ุฏู… ูˆ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝุญุฏ ููŠ
1576
+
1577
+ 395
1578
+ 00:31:17,660 --> 00:31:22,100
1579
+ ุงู„ development ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ function ุชุจุนุชู‡ maintain
1580
+
1581
+ 396
1582
+ 00:31:22,100 --> 00:31:27,910
1583
+ equilibrium of the trunkู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ููŠู‡ lesion ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู†ุง
1584
+
1585
+ 397
1586
+ 00:31:27,910 --> 00:31:31,650
1587
+ tranquil attacks ูŠุนู†ูŠ standing and gate ุจูŠู…ุดูˆุง ู‡ูˆ
1588
+
1589
+ 398
1590
+ 00:31:31,650 --> 00:31:37,590
1591
+ ุงูŠุดุŸ ุฒูŠ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ drunken gate ุนุฏู… ุงุชุฒุงู† ุนุฏู… ุงุชุฒุงู† ุฒูŠ
1592
+
1593
+ 399
1594
+ 00:31:37,590 --> 00:31:42,710
1595
+ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ุดุฑุจุงู† ุงู„ุดุงุฑุจ ุฎู…ุฑ okay drunken gate ุงู„ู†ูˆุน
1596
+
1597
+ 400
1598
+ 00:31:42,710 --> 00:31:48,090
1599
+ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ anterior loop ุงู„ anterior loop ููŠู‡ุง
1600
+
1601
+ 401
1602
+ 00:31:48,090 --> 00:31:53,060
1603
+ emboliform globus nucleusู…ูŠู† ุจูŠู‚ุงุจู„ู‡ุง ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ
1604
+
1605
+ 402
1606
+ 00:31:53,060 --> 00:31:55,500
1607
+ physiology ุงูˆ functional area ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
1608
+
1609
+ 403
1610
+ 00:31:55,500 --> 00:32:01,020
1611
+ paleocerebellum ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ development it is the
1612
+
1613
+ 404
1614
+ 00:32:01,020 --> 00:32:06,580
1615
+ next one next one ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ function ุชุจุนุชู‡ muscle
1616
+
1617
+ 405
1618
+ 00:32:06,580 --> 00:32:10,760
1619
+ tone regulation muscle tone ุงูŠู‡ regulation ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ
1620
+
1621
+ 406
1622
+ 00:32:10,760 --> 00:32:16,770
1623
+ ููŠู‡ lesionsmuscle hypotonia ูŠุจู‚ู‰ Legion of
1624
+
1625
+ 407
1626
+ 00:32:16,770 --> 00:32:20,170
1627
+ cerebellum ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง muscle hypotonia ู„ูˆ ุณุฃู„ุชูƒูˆุง
1628
+
1629
+ 408
1630
+ 00:32:20,170 --> 00:32:24,430
1631
+ ุณุคุงู„ ู…ุชู‰ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุญุฏุซ muscle spasticity ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„
1632
+
1633
+ 409
1634
+ 00:32:24,430 --> 00:32:27,630
1635
+ cerebellar damage ูˆ ู„ุง ุนู…ุฑู‡ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„
1636
+
1637
+ 410
1638
+ 00:32:27,630 --> 00:32:30,510
1639
+ cerebellar damage spasticity ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ Legion ุจุชุงุน ุงู„
1640
+
1641
+ 411
1642
+ 00:32:30,510 --> 00:32:36,340
1643
+ cerebellum ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… muscle hypotoniaุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูˆู„ูˆุจ
1644
+
1645
+ 412
1646
+ 00:32:36,340 --> 00:32:40,380
1647
+ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠู‡ู… ููŠู‡ ุฏู†ุชูŠุฉ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠู‚ุงุจู„ู‡ู… ููŠ
1648
+
1649
+ 413
1650
+ 00:32:40,380 --> 00:32:45,020
1651
+ ุงู„ physiological subdivision ู†ูŠูˆ ุณูŠุฑุจูŠู„ุง it is
1652
+
1653
+ 414
1654
+ 00:32:45,020 --> 00:32:48,700
1655
+ most recent part of cerebellum ูˆุงุถูŠูุชู‡
1656
+
1657
+ 415
1658
+ 00:32:48,700 --> 00:32:53,800
1659
+ coordination and regulation of fine voluntary
1660
+
1661
+ 416
1662
+ 00:32:53,800 --> 00:32:58,660
1663
+ motor activity ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ lesion ููŠู‡ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ in
1664
+
1665
+ 417
1666
+ 00:32:58,660 --> 00:33:01,920
1667
+ coordination of movement ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุนุฌูŠ ุณุคุงู„ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„
1668
+
1669
+ 418
1670
+ 00:33:01,920 --> 00:33:07,040
1671
+ antireloopุนุงู„ุณุฑูŠุฑ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุบุฒ ุนู„ูŠู‡ paliocerebellum ู…ู†
1672
+
1673
+ 419
1674
+ 00:33:07,040 --> 00:33:10,040
1675
+ ู‡ูˆ flaconal nodular loop? vestibular part ุงูˆ
1676
+
1677
+ 420
1678
+ 00:33:10,040 --> 00:33:13,900
1679
+ archocerebellum ู…ู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูˆ loopุŸ ุงู„ู†ูŠูˆ
1680
+
1681
+ 421
1682
+ 00:33:13,900 --> 00:33:16,520
1683
+ ุณูŠุฑุจู„ูˆู† ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุงุชูŠ ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ middle loop ู†ูุณ
1684
+
1685
+ 422
1686
+ 00:33:16,520 --> 00:33:19,260
1687
+ ุงู„ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูˆ ุงู„ middle loop ุงูˆ ุงู„ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูˆ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุชู…ุงู…
1688
+
1689
+ 423
1690
+ 00:33:19,260 --> 00:33:26,240
1691
+ ุงู„ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูˆ ูˆ ุงู„ middle ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ูˆุงุญุฏ okay
1692
+
1693
+ 424
1694
+ 00:33:26,240 --> 00:33:32,190
1695
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ anterior loopุจุงู„ูŠูˆ ุณูŠุฑุงุจูŠู„ุงู…
1696
+
1697
+ 425
1698
+ 00:33:32,190 --> 00:33:36,630
1699
+ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆู„ ู„ูˆุจ ู†ูŠูˆ ุณูŠุฑุงุจูŠู„ุงู… ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูู„ูˆูƒู„ุฑ
1700
+
1701
+ 426
1702
+ 00:33:36,630 --> 00:33:39,910
1703
+ ู†ูˆุฏู„ุฑ ู„ูˆุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงุฑุดูˆ ุณูŠุฑุงุจูŠู„ุงู… ุงูˆ
1704
+
1705
+ 427
1706
+ 00:33:39,910 --> 00:33:44,390
1707
+ vestibular part of the cerebellum ู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ
1708
+
1709
+ 428
1710
+ 00:33:44,390 --> 00:33:49,070
1711
+ ุงู„ dendrite ุฌุงูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ posterior part ููŠ ุงู„
1712
+
1713
+ 429
1714
+ 00:33:49,070 --> 00:33:51,790
1715
+ anterior part ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ globus ุงู„ nucleus
1716
+
1717
+ 430
1718
+ 00:33:51,790 --> 00:33:56,650
1719
+ ูˆemboliform nucleus ูˆููŠ ูู„ูˆูƒู„ุฑ ู†ูˆุฏู„ุฑ ู„ูˆุจ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
1720
+
1721
+ 431
1722
+ 00:33:56,650 --> 00:34:01,990
1723
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงุณุชูŠุฌูŠุงู„ ุงู„ nucleusูˆ ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ูˆุตู„ู†ุง
1724
+
1725
+ 432
1726
+ 00:34:01,990 --> 00:34:05,390
1727
+ ู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุชุงู„ุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Anatomy and
1728
+
1729
+ 433
1730
+ 00:34:05,390 --> 00:34:06,990
1731
+ physiology of cerebellum
1732
+
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@@ -0,0 +1,1780 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:05,010 --> 00:00:08,550
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:08,550 --> 00:00:14,970
7
+ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ุงู„ุขู† ุจู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุณุจูˆุน
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:14,970 --> 00:00:20,150
11
+ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุจูŠุฒุง ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ุฏุงูŠู†ุณูŠูุงู„ูˆู† ุงู† ุณูŠุฑูŠุจูŠู„ุง ููŠ
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:20,150 --> 00:00:24,110
15
+ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ุช ู…ุนูƒู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจูŠุฒุง ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:24,110 --> 00:00:27,430
19
+ ุฃู†ูˆุงุนู‡ู… ูˆุฃุฌุฒุงู‡ู… ูˆ ุงู„ functions ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุจูŠุฒุง
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:27,430 --> 00:00:31,620
23
+ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠูˆุจุฏุฃุช ููŠ ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:31,620 --> 00:00:34,460
27
+ Dienesephalon ุฃุฎุฏู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ Dienesephalon ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:34,460 --> 00:00:39,320
31
+ Thalamus and Epithalamus ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ููŠ ุฌุฒุก ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู†
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:39,320 --> 00:00:44,640
35
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุชู†ุง ุฑุงุญ ุฃูƒู…ู„ Metathalamus, Subthalamus and
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:44,640 --> 00:00:49,720
39
+ Hypothalamus ูˆู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงุฆูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:49,720 --> 00:00:55,320
43
+ cerebellum ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู† ุฑุงุญ ุฃูƒู…ู„ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:00:55,320 --> 00:01:02,310
47
+ Dienesephalon ู…ุชุฐูƒุฑูŠู†ุŸููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ุฉ ุฑุณู…ู†ุง
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:02,310 --> 00:01:08,830
51
+ Diencephalon ูˆู‚ู„ู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ thalamus ู‡ุฐุง
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:08,830 --> 00:01:14,510
55
+ thalamus ู‡ู†ุง
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:14,510 --> 00:01:20,410
59
+ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† interthalamic adhesions ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:20,410 --> 00:01:25,930
63
+ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ subthalamus ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู… ูˆ ู…ู† ุชุญุช ุจูŠุฌูŠ
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:26,920 --> 00:01:33,320
67
+ hypothalamus ู…ุฑุชุจุท ุจุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡ pituitary gland ูˆููŠ
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:33,320 --> 00:01:39,180
71
+ ุงู„ุฎู„ู ุจูŠูƒูˆู† inferior ุจูŠูƒูˆู† metathalamus superior ูˆ
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:39,180 --> 00:01:45,280
75
+ posterior ุจูŠูƒูˆู† epithalamus ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ุงู„
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:45,280 --> 00:01:51,400
79
+ midbrain pons medulla
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:51,400 --> 00:01:52,220
83
+ oblongata
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:01:54,530 --> 00:01:58,970
87
+ ูˆุจู†ู†ุฒู„ spinal cord spinal cord medulla oblongata
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:01:58,970 --> 00:02:11,790
91
+ bones mid brain ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠ diencephalon okay
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:11,790 --> 00:02:18,270
95
+ you can metathalamus ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† part of
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:18,270 --> 00:02:23,670
99
+ diencephalonpart of the encephalon which is
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:23,670 --> 00:02:29,330
103
+ attached to the posterior inferior surface of
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:29,330 --> 00:02:32,930
107
+ thalamus ู‡ูˆ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ posterior inferior
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:32,930 --> 00:02:36,610
111
+ surface of thalamus ุทุจ ุงู„ epithalamus ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:36,610 --> 00:02:40,730
115
+ posterior superior surface of thalamus ุงู„
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:40,730 --> 00:02:44,990
119
+ metathalamus contains two parts ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุฌุฒุฆูŠู†
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:44,990 --> 00:02:52,320
123
+ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„Lateral geniculate body ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:02:52,320 --> 00:02:59,810
127
+ Medial geniculate body ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:02:59,810 --> 00:03:04,310
131
+ vision ูˆุงุถูŠูุชู‡ visual function connected with
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:03:04,310 --> 00:03:10,030
135
+ superior calculus of the midbrain ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ู€ medial
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:10,030 --> 00:03:14,830
139
+ geniculate body ู‡ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ hearing ูˆ connected
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:14,830 --> 00:03:18,050
143
+ with a inferior
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:20,220 --> 00:03:23,800
147
+ calculus ูŠุจู‚ู‰ with inferior calculus ูŠู‚ูˆู„ media
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:23,800 --> 00:03:27,080
151
+ geniculate body ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจูŠู‡ ุจุงู„hearing ูˆ
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:27,080 --> 00:03:31,340
155
+ connected with ุงูŠู‡ with inferior calculus ู‡ุงูŠ
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:31,340 --> 00:03:33,980
159
+ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ slide lateral geniculate body visual
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:33,980 --> 00:03:37,760
163
+ function ูˆ media geniculate body ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:37,760 --> 00:03:40,460
167
+ hearing ุงูˆ auditory function hearing ุงูˆ auditory
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:40,460 --> 00:03:47,040
171
+ the same ูˆุงุถุญุงู†ุฉ ุงู† ุงู„ lateral geniculate body
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:03:52,240 --> 00:03:59,180
175
+ ูˆ medial geniculate body ุงู„ medial geniculate body
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:03:59,180 --> 00:04:09,440
179
+ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ุจู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุจ inferior calculus ุงู…ุง ุงู„ lateral
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:04:09,440 --> 00:04:14,000
183
+ geniculate body ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ุจ superior calculus ูˆู„ุงุญุธูˆุง
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:14,000 --> 00:04:18,520
187
+ ุงู„ lateral geniculate body ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ุจู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุจ
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:18,520 --> 00:04:24,550
191
+ optic tractู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจู€ visual function visual
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:24,550 --> 00:04:31,830
195
+ function ุฃู…ุงุงู„ู€ medial geniculate body ู…ุฑุชุจุท ุจุงู„ู€
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:31,830 --> 00:04:35,430
199
+ inferior colliculus ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ hearing ุฃูˆ
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:35,430 --> 00:04:39,790
203
+ auditory function ูŠูˆู… ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ pathway of
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:39,790 --> 00:04:44,510
207
+ vision ุงุชุทุฑู‚ู†ุง ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน lateral geniculate body ูˆ
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:04:44,510 --> 00:04:49,670
211
+ ูŠูˆู… ุงุชูƒู„ู…ุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ hearing ุงุชูƒู„ู…ุช ุนู„ู‰ medial
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:04:49,670 --> 00:04:54,460
215
+ geniculate bodyู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ lateral geniculate body
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:04:54,460 --> 00:04:57,660
219
+ ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ media geniculate body ุงู„ media geniculate
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:04:57,660 --> 00:05:01,620
223
+ body ู„ู‡ุง connection ู…ุน ุงู„ inferior calculus ูˆ ุงู„
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:05:01,620 --> 00:05:03,740
227
+ lateral geniculate body ู„ู‡ุง connection ู…ุน ุงู„
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:05:03,740 --> 00:05:07,460
231
+ superior calculus of midbrain
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:09,440 --> 00:05:13,940
235
+ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ a part of the encephalon which is located
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:13,940 --> 00:05:19,040
239
+ between the thalamus and middle brainุŒ ุฅู„ู‡ ุฌุฒุฆูŠู†ุŒ
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:19,040 --> 00:05:22,620
243
+ ุฅู„ู‡ posterior part ูˆ anterior part ูˆ ุงู„ anterior
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:22,620 --> 00:05:25,660
247
+ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ูˆ ุงู„ posterior ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุฃุฌุฒุงุกุŒ
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:25,660 --> 00:05:28,880
251
+ ู…ุงุจุฏู‰ ุฃุถุทุฑู‚ ู„ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ู‡ุฐุงุŒ ุฅูŠู‡ ุจูŠูƒููŠู†ูŠ ุฃุนุฑู ุฅู†ู‡ ุตุฏุฑ
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:05:28,880 --> 00:05:32,300
255
+ ุงู„ thalamus ูˆูŠู† ู…ูƒุงู†ู‡ุŒ ูˆ ูŠุนุทูŠูƒูˆุง ุงู„ุนุงููŠุฉ ุจุณู‡ูŠ ูˆูŠู†
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:05:32,300 --> 00:05:36,400
259
+ ุฏูŠ ุงู„ subthalamus ุจูŠู‚ุน ุชุญุช ุฅูŠุดุŸ ุชุญุช ุงู„ thalamus
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:05:36,400 --> 00:05:39,680
263
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูˆ ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจูŠู‚ุน ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ุชุญุช ุงู„ thalamus
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:05:39,680 --> 00:05:43,920
267
+ ูˆ ุจูŠู‚ุน above ุงู„ midbrain ููˆู‚ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:05:43,920 --> 00:05:50,200
271
+ midbrain ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุญุตูˆุฑ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ thalamus ูˆ midbrain
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:05:50,200 --> 00:05:58,980
275
+ ู„ุฃู† ููŠ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ู…ู‡ู… hypothalamus hypothalamus it is
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:05:58,980 --> 00:06:05,350
279
+ part of diencephalonlocated in front of the
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:05,350 --> 00:06:11,870
283
+ subthalamus ุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู…ุงู… ุงู„ subthalamus and anterior
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:11,870 --> 00:06:15,030
287
+ inferiorly ู„ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุงู„ุซู„ุงู…ุณ
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:06:23,150 --> 00:06:28,050
291
+ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Thalamus ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ Neuroendocrine
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:06:28,050 --> 00:06:33,030
295
+ organุŒ Neuroendocrine organุŒ ู„ุญุธุฉ ุญุฌู… ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซู„ุงู…ุณ
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:06:33,030 --> 00:06:38,490
299
+ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู…ู† ุนุดุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุญุฌู… ุงู„ brainุŒ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู…ู† ุนุดุฑุฉ ู…ู†
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:06:38,490 --> 00:06:44,620
303
+ ุญุฌู… ุงู„ brainุŒ ู„ูƒู† it is veryู‡ูˆ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏู‹ุง ู…ู†
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:06:44,620 --> 00:06:49,420
307
+ ู†ุธุงู… ุงู„ู†ูŠุฑุจุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฌุฒุก ุฌุฏู‹ุง ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏู‹ุง ู…ู† ู†ุธุงู…
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:06:49,420 --> 00:06:53,680
311
+ ุงู„ู†ูŠุฑุจุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ููŠ ุจู†ุงุก ุงู„ุญุฑู…ูˆู†ุงุช ูˆ
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:06:53,680 --> 00:06:59,160
315
+ ุจู†ุงุก ุงู„ุงู†ู‡ูŠุจูˆุชูˆุฑูŠ ูˆ ุฅุทู„ุงู‚ ุงู„ุญุฑู…ูˆู†ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„ ุงูŠู‡
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:06:59,160 --> 00:07:03,920
319
+ ุงู„control ุจุชุดุชุฑูŠ ุฌู„ุงู†ุฏ ุงู„ุบุฏุงู† ุงู„ู†ุฎุงู…ูŠุฉ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ูˆ
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:03,920 --> 00:07:06,600
323
+ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ู†ูŠูˆุฑูˆ ุงู†ุฏูˆูƒุฑุงูŠู† ุฃูˆุฑุบุงู†
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:10,110 --> 00:07:14,350
327
+ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ู…ุงุซ
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:07:14,350 --> 00:07:19,930
331
+ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ู…ุงุซ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ู…ุงุซ ู‡ุฐุง
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:07:19,930 --> 00:07:20,810
335
+ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ู…ุงุซ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ู…ุงุซ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ู…ุงุซ
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:07:34,270 --> 00:07:38,950
339
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ hypothalamus ู…ุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุน ุงู„ู€
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:07:38,950 --> 00:07:42,970
343
+ Pituitary gland posterior loop ูˆ anterior loopOkay
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:07:42,970 --> 00:07:47,710
347
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง Superior ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ู†ุง Epithalamus ูˆ
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:07:47,710 --> 00:07:52,550
351
+ ุชุญุช ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ู†ุง Metathalamus ู‡ุฐุง ุชุฑูƒูŠุจุฉ ูˆ ุชูˆุฒูŠุนุฉ
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:07:52,550 --> 00:07:56,290
355
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Diencephalon Diencephalon ูŠุจู‚ู‰
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:07:56,290 --> 00:08:00,450
359
+ ุงู„hypothalamus located anterior ู„ู„subthalamus ูˆ
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:08:00,450 --> 00:08:05,710
363
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† anterior inferior ู„ู…ูŠู† ู„ู„thalamus ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠุณู…ูˆุง
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:08:05,710 --> 00:08:07,990
367
+ hypothalamus
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:08:10,370 --> 00:08:14,930
371
+ ุฃูŠ ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู†ุงู…ุณ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ optic part ูˆ
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:08:14,930 --> 00:08:19,410
375
+ ุงู„ tubular part ูˆ ุงู„ mammary part ู…ุงุฑุงุญ ุฃููˆุช ููŠ
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:08:19,410 --> 00:08:22,830
379
+ ุชุฑูƒูŠุจู‡ู… ูˆ ุงู„ู†ูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ู… ู‡ุถู„ ุจุดุฑุญู‡ู…
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:08:22,830 --> 00:08:27,510
383
+ ู„ู„ุทุจ ูƒู„ ุฌุฒุก ุฅูŠุด ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠู‡ ู†ูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ู‡ู„ ู…ุงุฑุงุญ ุฃุชูˆุณุน
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:08:27,510 --> 00:08:32,270
387
+ ุฃุดุฑุญ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ ู„ูƒู† ุจู†ุนุฑู ูˆูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู†ุงู…ุณ ุงู„
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:08:32,270 --> 00:08:35,050
391
+ functions of hypothalamus ุฅูŠุด ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„hypothalamus
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:08:36,540 --> 00:08:39,480
395
+ regulation of temperature ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจregulation
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:08:39,480 --> 00:08:42,320
399
+ of temperature ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุฃุญูŠุงู† ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:08:42,320 --> 00:08:47,580
403
+ ู†ุฒูŠู ุฏู…ุงุบูŠ ูˆ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู†ุฒูŠู ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบูŠ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงู‡
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:08:47,580 --> 00:08:50,840
407
+ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ู‡ุฐุง ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:08:50,840 --> 00:08:55,540
411
+ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ู‚ุฏ ุชูƒูˆู† central fever ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ ู†ุงุชุฌ
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:08:55,540 --> 00:09:00,860
415
+ ุนู† irritation of blood to the hypothalamus ุจูŠุนู…ู„
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:09:00,860 --> 00:09:07,110
419
+ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชู‡ูŠุฌ ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ุซูŠุฑู…ูˆregulatory receptors
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:09:07,110 --> 00:09:11,150
423
+ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุชุงู„ู…ูˆุณ ูˆ ุจุชุฑุชูุน ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:09:11,150 --> 00:09:15,070
427
+ ุงุชู†ูŠู† emotional regulation ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„regulation
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:09:15,070 --> 00:09:20,790
431
+ of emotions ุงู„ุนุงุทูุฉ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุงู„ growth function ุงู„ู†ู…ูˆ
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:09:20,790 --> 00:09:27,730
435
+ ุงุฑุจุน hunger and thirst ุงู†ุง ุฌูˆุนุงู† ุงู†ุง ุนุทุดุงู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:09:27,730 --> 00:09:29,910
439
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุชุงู„ู…ูˆุณ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุชุงู„ู…ูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:09:29,910 --> 00:09:35,650
443
+ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู†ุฃูƒู„ ุงูˆ ู†ุดุฑุจsexual behavior control of
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:09:35,650 --> 00:09:39,690
447
+ various endocrine and activity rhythm ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:09:39,690 --> 00:09:43,990
451
+ hormones ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ุฐุงูƒุฑุฉ memory visual memory
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:09:43,990 --> 00:09:49,150
455
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุดูุช ุดุฎุต ูˆ ุจุนุฏ ุณู†ุฉ ุบุงุจ ุนู†ูŠ ุงุชุฐูƒุฑุช ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุงู†
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:09:49,150 --> 00:09:54,660
459
+ ุงู†ุง ุดูุช ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุชู„ู…ุณ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ู‡ุฐุงุฃุญุฏ
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:09:54,660 --> 00:09:59,220
463
+ ุฃุตุฏู‚ุงุก ุงุชูƒู„ู… ู…ุนุงู‡ ููŠ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุจุนุฏ ูุชุฑุฉ ุตุฏูŠู‚ ุชุงู†ูŠ
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:09:59,220 --> 00:10:01,120
467
+ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ู‚ูˆู„ุช ูˆ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฃู†ุง ุณู…ุนุช ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุญูƒู‰ ู„ูŠู‡
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:10:01,120 --> 00:10:05,520
471
+ ุตุงุญุจูŠ ูˆ ูƒุฏู‡ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ verbal memory verbal
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:10:05,520 --> 00:10:10,560
475
+ memory ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ุฐุงูƒุฑุฉ connections of
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:10:10,560 --> 00:10:13,500
479
+ hypothalamus with hypophysis ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ hypophysis
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:10:13,500 --> 00:10:17,440
483
+ ู‡ูˆ pituitary gland ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุฎุฏุชู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ general
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:10:17,440 --> 00:10:22,710
487
+ ููŠ ุงู„ููŠุณูŠูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง ุฃูˆ ูƒุฏู‡ ุงู„ hormonesุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ Anti
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:10:22,710 --> 00:10:27,670
491
+ -diuretic hormone ูˆ ุงู„ Oxytocin ุจุตู†ุนู‡ู… ุงู„
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:10:27,670 --> 00:10:31,710
495
+ hypothalamus Hypothalamus ุงูŠุด ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ OxytocinุŸ
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:10:31,710 --> 00:10:35,550
499
+ ุงู„ Oxytocin ู‡ุฐุง ุจุดุชุบู„ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุณุชุงุช ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ูˆู„ุงุฏุฉ ู…ุน
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:10:35,550 --> 00:10:38,870
503
+ ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู† ุฃุณุชุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ increase
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:10:38,870 --> 00:10:41,910
507
+ contractivity function ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ ู„ุชุฑูŠู†
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:10:41,910 --> 00:10:47,030
511
+ contraction ุจุชู‚ู„ุตุงุช ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฑุญู… ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ูˆู„ุงุฏุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:10:47,030 --> 00:10:50,610
515
+ ู‡ูˆ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ females ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ femalesุงู„
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:10:50,610 --> 00:10:55,270
519
+ vasopressin ุงูˆ ุงู„ antidiuretic hormone ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ู†ู‚ุต
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:10:55,270 --> 00:10:57,970
523
+ ููŠ ุงู„ antidiuretic hormone ุงูˆ ุงู„ vasopressin
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:10:57,970 --> 00:11:03,690
527
+ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูŠุตุงุจ ุจู…ุฑุถ ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุงู„ูƒุงุฐุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:11:03,690 --> 00:11:07,830
531
+ diabetes insipidens ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ hormone ู‡ุฐุง ุงุญู†ุง
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:11:07,830 --> 00:11:10,490
535
+ ุจู†ุดุฑุจ ู…ูŠุงู‡ ุจู†ุฑูˆุญ ุญู…ุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ูˆ ู…ุงูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:11:10,490 --> 00:11:13,030
539
+ hormone ู‡ุฐุง ูƒุงู† ูƒู„ ุงู„ุณูˆุงุฆู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ุชู†ุฒู„ ู…ุน ุงู„
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:11:13,030 --> 00:11:16,410
543
+ ball ุชู†ุฒู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ ball ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ hormone ุจู…ุฑ
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:11:16,410 --> 00:11:23,140
547
+ reabsorptionููŠ ุงู„ูƒุฏู†ู‰ ู„ู…ู†ุŸ ู„ู„ุณูˆุงุฆู„ ุจู…ู†ุน ุงู„ุณูˆุงุฆู„
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:11:23,140 --> 00:11:26,800
551
+ ุชุฎุฑุฌ ู…ุน ุงู„ุจูˆู„ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ููŠ
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:11:26,800 --> 00:11:29,860
555
+ ู†ู‚ุต ุนูŠู†ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุจูŠุดุฑุจ ู…ูŠู‡ ูˆุน
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:11:29,860 --> 00:11:33,420
559
+ ุงู„ุญู…ุงู… ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ุจุฏู‡ ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงุฑ ุฃูŠุด ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ู…ูŠู‡ ูŠุธู„ูˆุง
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:11:33,420 --> 00:11:36,660
563
+ ูŠุดุฑููˆุง ููŠู‡ ูˆุน ุงู„ุญู…ุงู… transit ุงู„ู…ูŠู‡ ุจุชุทู„ุน ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:11:36,660 --> 00:11:39,980
567
+ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู† ูŠุนู…ู„ ุญุฌุฒ ุจู…ู†ุน ุงู„ุณูˆุงุฆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎุฑูˆุฌ
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:11:39,980 --> 00:11:46,360
571
+ ุจูƒู…ูŠุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ antidiuretic ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจู…ู†ุน ุฎุฑูˆุฌ ุงู„ุจูˆู„
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:11:46,360 --> 00:11:56,020
575
+ ุจูƒู…ูŠุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ุงู…ูˆุณ ู‡ูŠ ุฑูˆู„ุฉ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ููŠ ู†ุดุทุฉ ู†ุดุฑ
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:11:56,020 --> 00:12:00,960
579
+ ุงู„ุญุฑู…ูˆู† ูˆู†ุดุฑ ุงู„ุญุฑู…ูˆู† ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ุงู…ูˆุณ ุจูŠูุฑุฒู„ู†ุง
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:12:00,960 --> 00:12:04,640
583
+ ุญุฑู…ูˆู†ุงุชุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุชุนู…ู„ control ู„ู€ Pituitary
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:12:04,640 --> 00:12:08,680
587
+ gland ุฅู…ุง ุจุชุฒูˆุฏ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… ุฃูˆ ุจุชุฎูู ุงู„ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุชุจุนุช ู…ูŠู†ุŸ
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:12:08,680 --> 00:12:13,160
591
+ Pituitary gland ุทุจ ุงู„ Oxytocin ูˆ ุงู„ antidiuretic
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:12:13,160 --> 00:12:17,060
595
+ hormone ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุฃูˆ ุบุงุฒูˆุจุฑูŠุณูŠู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ ู‡ูŠุจูˆุชู„ุงู…ุณ
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:12:17,060 --> 00:12:21,520
599
+ ุจูุฑุฒู‡ู… ูˆ ุจูŠุณู„ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุงู‡ุฒูŠู† ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ุงู„ posterior loop
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:12:21,520 --> 00:12:23,280
603
+ of Pituitary gland
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:12:31,410 --> 00:12:40,910
607
+ ู‡ุฐุง posterior loop ูˆู‡ุฐุง anterior loop ู‡ูŠูˆุถุญ
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:12:40,910 --> 00:12:44,710
611
+ ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ู…ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ุงู…ุณ ููŠู‡ ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู†ุงุช ุจูŠุณู„ู…ูˆุง
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:12:44,710 --> 00:12:50,330
615
+ ู…ุฌู‡ุฒูŠู† ู„ู„ posterior loop of pituitary gland ูˆู‡ู†ุง
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:12:50,330 --> 00:12:55,330
619
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ anterior loop of pituitary gland ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:12:55,330 --> 00:13:01,180
623
+ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุฃุตูŠุจ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ุงู…ุณููŠ ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ุชูŠุฌูŠ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:13:01,180 --> 00:13:05,960
627
+ Endocrine ุฃูˆ metabolic syndromeุŒ hypogonadism
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:13:05,960 --> 00:13:10,570
631
+ ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌุงุจ ุจุญุฏุซ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู…ุชู†ูŠู†ุŒ diabetes
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:13:10,570 --> 00:13:14,190
635
+ insipidus ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงู‡ู… ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุงู„ูƒุงุฐุจุŒ ุจูŠุถู„ูˆุง
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:13:14,190 --> 00:13:17,850
639
+ ูŠุดุฑุจูˆุง ู…ูŠู‡ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ูˆ ูŠุจูˆู„ูˆุง ูƒุชูŠุฑุŒ ุจู†ููƒุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู†ุฏู‡
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:13:17,850 --> 00:13:20,890
643
+ ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุจู†ูุญุต ุงู„ glucose ููŠ ุงู„ bloodุŒ ุจู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:13:20,890 --> 00:13:24,030
647
+ normalุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุงู„ูƒุงุฐุจุŒ ู†ู‚ุต
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:13:24,030 --> 00:13:28,070
651
+ ููŠู‡ hormone ุงู„ antidiureticุŒ opposite ุณู…ู†ุฉุŒ
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:13:28,070 --> 00:13:33,290
655
+ ุงู„ุฃูุฑุงุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุฒู†ุŒ ุณู…ู†ุฉุŒ anorexia ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูู‚ุฏุงู†
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:13:33,290 --> 00:13:39,820
659
+ ุงู„ุดู‡ูŠุฉุŒ loss of appetiteุจูˆู„ูŠู…ูŠุง ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูƒุงู†
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:13:39,820 --> 00:13:43,920
663
+ ุนู†ุฏู‡ stroke of head trauma severe head trauma ู‡ุฐุง
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:13:43,920 --> 00:13:46,980
667
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุฌุณู… ุงู„ neurology ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุฃูˆูƒุฑุงู†ูŠุง
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:13:46,980 --> 00:13:51,300
671
+ ู…ุงุฎู„ุงุด ุชู„ุงุฌุฉ ู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุณุฑู‚ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ุฃูƒู„ ุฎู„ุงุต ู…ุงุญุฏุด
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:13:51,300 --> 00:13:54,520
675
+ ู…ู…ู†ุนู‡ ุนู† ุงู„ุฃูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ูŠุฃูƒู„ ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ูŠูˆู…
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:13:54,520 --> 00:13:58,060
679
+ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ูŠุฃูƒู„ ูŠุฃูƒู„ ูˆ ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ูŠูู„ ุงู„ุชู†ูƒ ุชุจุนู‡ ูŠุฑูˆุญ ูŠุนู…ู„
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:13:58,060 --> 00:14:01,960
683
+ vomiting ูŠุฑุฌุน ู…ู† ูƒุชุฑ ู…ุง ุฃูƒู„ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ูŠุฑูˆุญ ูŠุฃูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:14:01,960 --> 00:14:07,250
687
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุงูŠู‡ ุจูˆู„ูŠู…ูŠุงeat much ูˆ it's associated with
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:14:07,250 --> 00:14:10,250
691
+ vomiting ุจูŠุถู„ ูŠุฃูƒู„ ูˆ ูŠุฑุฌุน ูŠุฃูƒู„ ูˆ ูŠุฑุฌุน ู‡ูˆูŠุชู‡ ุงู„ุฃูƒู„
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:14:10,250 --> 00:14:14,030
695
+ ุจุณ ุญุฏ ููŠู‡ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ููŠู‡ ุงู„hypothalamus ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:14:14,030 --> 00:14:17,970
699
+ central hyperthermia ุฃูˆ hypothermia ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:14:17,970 --> 00:14:21,590
703
+ ูŠุฏุฎู„ ููŠ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ูˆ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู†ุงุชุฌ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:14:21,590 --> 00:14:25,570
707
+ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ ู…ู† ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุงู„hypothalamus
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:14:25,570 --> 00:14:30,370
711
+ ูˆ ู‚ุฏ ูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง neurological disturbances psychic
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:14:30,370 --> 00:14:33,010
715
+ disturbances ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ู†ูุณูŠุฉ ุงุทู„ุจุงุช ู†ูุณูŠุฉ
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:14:34,540 --> 00:14:37,020
719
+ Extrapyramidal manifestation ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู…
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:14:37,020 --> 00:14:41,600
723
+ involuntary movement ุญุฑูƒุงุช ู„ุง ุฅูŠุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ ูˆ I signs
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:14:41,600 --> 00:14:45,480
727
+ ู…ูŠูˆุณูŠ ุฃูˆ ู…ุฏุฑูŠุงุณูŠ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุนุฑู ุงู„ sympathetic
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:14:45,480 --> 00:14:49,780
731
+ innervation ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ุงู…ูˆุณ ู…ุฑูƒุฒ ุงู„
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:14:49,780 --> 00:14:52,480
735
+ autonomic nervous system ุจุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ู…ู†
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:14:52,480 --> 00:14:57,860
739
+ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ุงู…ูˆุณ ุงู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ูƒู„ู…ุชูŠู† ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ููŠ ุงู„ pituitary
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:14:57,860 --> 00:15:02,520
743
+ glandุจุชูˆุชุฑ ุฌู„ุงู†ุฏ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง hypothesis ุฃูˆ ุฅู„ุง ุงุณู…
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:15:02,520 --> 00:15:06,420
747
+ ุชุงู†ูŠ master gland ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ master ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ king ุงู„ู„ูŠ
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:15:06,420 --> 00:15:11,260
751
+ ุจุชุญูƒู… ููŠ ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูˆูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉุŸ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:15:11,260 --> 00:15:16,720
755
+ hypothesis .. hypothesis ุงู„ูุตุฉ ููŠ .. ุชุญุช ุงู„ุฏูŠุงูุฑุงุฌ
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:15:16,720 --> 00:15:22,460
759
+ ู…ุณู„ุฉุงู„ู€ shape ุจุชุงุนู‡ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุงุชู†ุงุดุฑ ู…ูŠู„ูŠ ู…ุชุฑ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
760
+
761
+ 191
762
+ 00:15:22,460 --> 00:15:25,900
763
+ ุงู„ Transverse Diameter ูˆ ุงู„ Antirubosterior
764
+
765
+ 192
766
+ 00:15:25,900 --> 00:15:29,820
767
+ Diameter ุชู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ู…ูŠู„ูŠ ู…ุชุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุงุฎุชุตุงุฑ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ูˆุงุญุฏ
768
+
769
+ 193
770
+ 00:15:29,820 --> 00:15:34,380
771
+ ุตู†ุชูŠ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ู‚ุฏุงุด ูˆุงุญุฏ ุตู†ุชูŠ relation ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠุญุฏู‡ุง ู…ู†
772
+
773
+ 194
774
+ 00:15:34,380 --> 00:15:40,560
775
+ ููˆู‚ ุฏู‡ ูุฑู‚ ู…ุซู„ุฉ ุชูุตู„ู‡ุง ุนู† ุงู„ optic chiasma
776
+
777
+ 195
778
+ 00:15:41,240 --> 00:15:45,280
779
+ ู…ู† ุชุญุช below sphenoid bone and sphenoid sinus
780
+
781
+ 196
782
+ 00:15:45,280 --> 00:15:48,580
783
+ ุจูŠูุตู„ู‡ุง ุนู† ุงู„ nasal pharynx ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ู„ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ
784
+
785
+ 197
786
+ 00:15:48,580 --> 00:15:51,760
787
+ ูˆุฑู… ููŠ ุงู„ุบุฏุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฎุงู…ูŠุฉ ุจูŠููˆุชูˆุง approach ุจูŠูุชุญูˆุด
788
+
789
+ 198
790
+ 00:15:51,760 --> 00:15:56,200
791
+ ุงู„ุฑุงุณ ูƒู„ู‡ ุจูŠููˆุชูˆุง ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุฃู†ู trans nasal trans
792
+
793
+ 199
794
+ 00:15:56,200 --> 00:15:58,980
795
+ sphenoidal approach ู…ู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุฃู†ู ูˆ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
796
+
797
+ 200
798
+ 00:15:58,980 --> 00:16:03,740
799
+ sphenoid sinus on each side ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุทุฑุงู ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌู†ุงุจ
800
+
801
+ 201
802
+ 00:16:04,690 --> 00:16:09,770
803
+ ุจุญุฏู‡ู… ุงู„ู€ cavernous sinus ูˆ its contents ูˆ ุงู„
804
+
805
+ 202
806
+ 00:16:09,770 --> 00:16:13,490
807
+ contents ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠู‡ ู…ุน ู…ูŠู† ู…ุฑุชุจุท ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€
808
+
809
+ 203
810
+ 00:16:13,490 --> 00:16:16,610
811
+ Pituitary gland connected with Hypothalamus ู…ุน ุงู„ู€
812
+
813
+ 204
814
+ 00:16:16,610 --> 00:16:22,970
815
+ Hypothalamus ุจุชู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† anterior loop ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง
816
+
817
+ 205
818
+ 00:16:22,970 --> 00:16:27,470
819
+ adenohypophysis ูˆ posterior loop ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง
820
+
821
+ 206
822
+ 00:16:27,470 --> 00:16:29,490
823
+ neurohypophysis
824
+
825
+ 207
826
+ 00:16:31,050 --> 00:16:35,530
827
+ ูู‡ูŠ ุงู„ pituitary gland ู…ุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน ู…ูŠู† ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู…ุน
828
+
829
+ 208
830
+ 00:16:35,530 --> 00:16:40,550
831
+ ุงู„hypothalamus ุจูŠุญุฏู‡ุง ู…ู† ุชุญุช sphenoid sinus ูˆ
832
+
833
+ 209
834
+ 00:16:40,550 --> 00:16:45,850
835
+ sphenoid bone ู…ู† ุฃุนู„ู‰ ูู‰ ุฏูŠุงูุฑุงุฌ ู…ุซู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูุตู„ู‡ุง ุนู†
836
+
837
+ 210
838
+ 00:16:45,850 --> 00:16:50,450
839
+ ุงู„ optic chiasm on each side ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง ุงู„
840
+
841
+ 211
842
+ 00:16:50,450 --> 00:16:53,450
843
+ cavernous sinus and its contents
844
+
845
+ 212
846
+ 00:16:56,650 --> 00:17:00,570
847
+ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ posterior loop ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
848
+
849
+ 213
850
+ 00:17:00,570 --> 00:17:04,350
851
+ neurohypothesis ูˆ anterior loop ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
852
+
853
+ 214
854
+ 00:17:04,350 --> 00:17:12,950
855
+ adenohypothesis ุงู„ functions of pituitary gland ุงู„
856
+
857
+ 215
858
+ 00:17:12,950 --> 00:17:15,430
859
+ anterior and pituitary hormones ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูุฑุฒูˆุง ู…ู† ุงู„
860
+
861
+ 216
862
+ 00:17:15,430 --> 00:17:20,570
863
+ anterior loop growth hormoneุŒ ุญุฑู…ูˆู† ุงู„ู†ู…ูˆุŒ
864
+
865
+ 217
866
+ 00:17:20,570 --> 00:17:26,100
867
+ prolactin hormoneุŒ ุญุฑู…ูˆู† ุงู„ุญู„ูŠุจุŒ ูุงู„ู…ู„ูƒู„ูˆ ุฒุงุฏ
868
+
869
+ 218
870
+ 00:17:26,100 --> 00:17:33,540
871
+ ู†ุณุจุชู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตุจุญ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ูˆุฑู… ุงู„ุจุฑูˆู„ุงูƒุชูŠู†ูˆู…ุง ุชุฏุฎู…
872
+
873
+ 219
874
+ 00:17:33,540 --> 00:17:36,700
875
+ ุงูˆ ูˆุฑู… ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆู„ุงูƒุชูŠู† ุณูŠู„ุฒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจ increase
876
+
877
+ 220
878
+ 00:17:36,700 --> 00:17:41,700
879
+ in milk secretion STH Adrenocorticotropic hormone
880
+
881
+ 221
882
+ 00:17:41,700 --> 00:17:46,400
883
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ุฃุฏุฑูŠู†ุงู„ ุฌู„ุงู†ุฏ TSH Thyroid
884
+
885
+ 222
886
+ 00:17:46,400 --> 00:17:49,520
887
+ Stimulating Hormone ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ุซูŠุฑูˆูŠุฏ
888
+
889
+ 223
890
+ 00:17:49,520 --> 00:17:56,830
891
+ ุฌู„ุงู†ุฏ ุงู„ุบุฏุงุฏุฑู‚ูŠุฉุงู„ู€ H ูˆุงู„ู€ FSH ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€
892
+
893
+ 224
894
+ 00:17:56,830 --> 00:18:05,870
895
+ hormones ุจุชุงุนูŠู† ุงู„ female hormones ุงู„ posterior
896
+
897
+ 225
898
+ 00:18:08,870 --> 00:18:11,950
899
+ ุจุชุชุฑูŠ ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูุฑุฒู‡ ู…ู† ุจุณุชูŠุฑูˆู„ูˆุจ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงู† ู‡ู…
900
+
901
+ 226
902
+ 00:18:11,950 --> 00:18:16,190
903
+ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู‡ู… ุงุตู„ุง ุจูŠูุฑุฒู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ู…ุณ ูˆ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซุงู„ู…ุณ
904
+
905
+ 227
906
+ 00:18:16,190 --> 00:18:20,990
907
+ ุจูŠุณู„ู…ู‡ู… ู„ู…ู†ุŸ ู„ุจุชุชุฑูŠ ุฌู„ุงู†ุฏ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† antidiuretic
908
+
909
+ 228
910
+ 00:18:20,990 --> 00:18:27,650
911
+ hormone ุงูˆ vazopressin ูˆุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ oxytocin
912
+
913
+ 229
914
+ 00:18:27,650 --> 00:18:33,570
915
+ ูˆู‡ูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู† ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจุณุชูŠุฑูˆู„ูˆุจ ูˆ ุงู„ุงู†ุชูŠุฑูˆู„ูˆุจ ูˆู‡ูŠ
916
+
917
+ 230
918
+ 00:18:33,570 --> 00:18:37,830
919
+ ุงู„ุซุงู„ู…ุณ connection ู…ุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ู…ุณู‡ูƒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฎู„ุตุช ู…ูˆุถูˆุน
920
+
921
+ 231
922
+ 00:18:37,830 --> 00:18:41,770
923
+ ุงู„ diencephalon ุฏู„ูˆู‚ุช ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ ู…ู†
924
+
925
+ 232
926
+ 00:18:41,770 --> 00:18:45,870
927
+ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ cerebellum cerebellum it is a
928
+
929
+ 233
930
+ 00:18:45,870 --> 00:18:52,860
931
+ little brain ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ู…ุฎ cerebrum ูˆู…ุฎูŠุฎ cerebellumู…ู†
932
+
933
+ 234
934
+ 00:18:52,860 --> 00:18:56,180
935
+ ุงู„ู€ embryological origin it is largest part of
936
+
937
+ 235
938
+ 00:18:56,180 --> 00:19:01,220
939
+ hindbrainุŒ ุงู„ู€ hindbrain ู…ู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู†ุŒ ู…ู†ู‚ุณู… ู„
940
+
941
+ 236
942
+ 00:19:01,220 --> 00:19:05,480
943
+ metencephalon ูˆ myelencephalonุŒ metencephalon
944
+
945
+ 237
946
+ 00:19:05,480 --> 00:19:09,980
947
+ ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง cerebellum and pons ูˆ myelencephalon ูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง
948
+
949
+ 238
950
+ 00:19:09,980 --> 00:19:15,250
951
+ ู…ุฏู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุฉูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูˆุงุถุญุŒ hindbrain ุฃุนุทุงู†ุง ุฑูˆู…ุจูˆู†
952
+
953
+ 239
954
+ 00:19:15,250 --> 00:19:20,290
955
+ ุณูŠูุงู„ูˆู†ุŒ ุฑูˆู…ุจูˆู† ุณูŠูุงู„ูˆู† ุฃุนุทุงู†ุง ู…ุชู† ุณูŠูุงู„ูˆู†ุŒ ูˆุงู„ู…ุชู†
956
+
957
+ 240
958
+ 00:19:20,290 --> 00:19:23,390
959
+ ุณูŠูุงู„ูˆู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃุนุทู‰ ุงู„ cerebellum and bonesุŒ ูˆูŠู†
960
+
961
+ 241
962
+ 00:19:23,390 --> 00:19:27,550
963
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ cerebellumุŸุณูŠุฑูŠุจูŠู„ุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
964
+
965
+ 242
966
+ 00:19:27,550 --> 00:19:33,230
967
+ posterior cranial fossa ุชุญุช
968
+
969
+ 243
970
+ 00:19:33,230 --> 00:19:40,190
971
+ ุงู„ุชู†ุชูˆุฑูŠูˆู… ุณูŠุฑูŠุจูŠู„ุงูŠ ูˆ ุฎู„ู ุงู„ู€ brain stem and
972
+
973
+ 244
974
+ 00:19:40,190 --> 00:19:43,790
975
+ fourth ventricle ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุฎู„ู ุงู„ brain stem
976
+
977
+ 245
978
+ 00:19:43,790 --> 00:19:50,340
979
+ ุงุฏู‚ ุฎู„ู ุงู„ pants ูˆ ุงู„ open medullaุทุจ ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠูุตู„ ู…ุง
980
+
981
+ 246
982
+ 00:19:50,340 --> 00:19:54,980
983
+ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ cerebellum ูˆ ุงู„ pons ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉุŸ ุจูŠูุตู„
984
+
985
+ 247
986
+ 00:19:54,980 --> 00:19:59,640
987
+ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ fourth ventricle ุทุจ ู…ู† ุฃุนู„ู‰ .. ุฃุนู„ู‰
988
+
989
+ 248
990
+ 00:19:59,640 --> 00:20:03,200
991
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ tentorium cerebelli ุชูุตู„ ุนู† ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ
992
+
993
+ 249
994
+ 00:20:03,200 --> 00:20:08,460
995
+ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ cerebrum it is part of the brain located
996
+
997
+ 250
998
+ 00:20:08,460 --> 00:20:14,700
999
+ dorsal or posterior to the pons and upper medulla
1000
+
1001
+ 251
1002
+ 00:20:15,390 --> 00:20:19,950
1003
+ occupies most of the posterior cranial fossa ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
1004
+
1005
+ 252
1006
+ 00:20:19,950 --> 00:20:24,010
1007
+ ููŠ ุงู„ posterior cranial fossa and located also
1008
+
1009
+ 253
1010
+ 00:20:24,010 --> 00:20:29,630
1011
+ below the tentorium cerebelli ุชุนู…ู„ separation
1012
+
1013
+ 254
1014
+ 00:20:29,630 --> 00:20:34,610
1015
+ between ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„cerebrum and cerebellum
1016
+
1017
+ 255
1018
+ 00:20:34,610 --> 00:20:41,990
1019
+ shape ุงู„cerebellum ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† global shaperelation
1020
+
1021
+ 256
1022
+ 00:20:41,990 --> 00:20:48,090
1023
+ of cerebellum ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠุญุฏ ุงู„ cerebellum ู…ู† ููˆู‚ุŸ
1024
+
1025
+ 257
1026
+ 00:20:48,090 --> 00:20:52,010
1027
+ tentorium cerebelli ุชูุตู„ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ cerebellum below
1028
+
1029
+ 258
1030
+ 00:20:52,010 --> 00:20:56,050
1031
+ and cerebrum above ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ cerebrum ูŠุนุชุจุฑ supra
1032
+
1033
+ 259
1034
+ 00:20:56,050 --> 00:20:59,470
1035
+ tentorial ูˆุงู„cerebellum infra tentorial ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ
1036
+
1037
+ 260
1038
+ 00:21:02,370 --> 00:21:06,870
1039
+ fourth ventricle ุจูŠุนู…ู„ separation between the
1040
+
1041
+ 261
1042
+ 00:21:06,870 --> 00:21:13,090
1043
+ cerebellum and pons ูˆ ุงู„ open ู…ุถู„ุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ fourth
1044
+
1045
+ 262
1046
+ 00:21:13,090 --> 00:21:16,470
1047
+ ventricle ุจูŠูุตู„ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ cerebellum ุงู„ cerebellum
1048
+
1049
+ 263
1050
+ 00:21:16,470 --> 00:21:21,900
1051
+ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุฎู„ูู‡ ูˆ ุฃู…ุงู…ู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ pons ูˆ ุงู„ open ู…ุถู„ุฉon
1052
+
1053
+ 264
1054
+ 00:21:21,900 --> 00:21:26,040
1055
+ each side ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ูˆ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ุจูŠุญุถูˆุง ุงู„
1056
+
1057
+ 265
1058
+ 00:21:26,040 --> 00:21:31,640
1059
+ mastoid antrum ูˆ ุจูŠุญุถูˆุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ sigmoid dural
1060
+
1061
+ 266
1062
+ 00:21:31,640 --> 00:21:39,020
1063
+ venous sinus ู‡ุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ู†ุง tentorium cerebelli
1064
+
1065
+ 267
1066
+ 00:21:39,020 --> 00:21:44,820
1067
+ ู‡ุงุฏูŠ ุจุชูุตู„ ู…ู† ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ cerebellum ุชุญุชู‡ุง ูˆ ุงู„
1068
+
1069
+ 268
1070
+ 00:21:44,820 --> 00:21:50,210
1071
+ cerebrum ููˆู‚ู‡ุงูˆ on each side ุจูŠูƒูˆู† sigmoid venous
1072
+
1073
+ 269
1074
+ 00:21:50,210 --> 00:21:54,130
1075
+ sinus ูˆ ุงู„ mastoid antrum ู…ุด ูˆุงุถุญ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆ ู…ู†
1076
+
1077
+ 270
1078
+ 00:21:54,130 --> 00:21:59,290
1079
+ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู… ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ู†ุง ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ fourth ventricle ุงู„
1080
+
1081
+ 271
1082
+ 00:21:59,290 --> 00:22:04,210
1083
+ fourth ventricle ุจูŠูุตู„ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ cerebellum behind ุนู†
1084
+
1085
+ 272
1086
+ 00:22:04,210 --> 00:22:10,300
1087
+ ุงู„ palms ูˆ ุงู„ open medulla anteriorlyูˆ above ู…ู†
1088
+
1089
+ 273
1090
+ 00:22:10,300 --> 00:22:13,840
1091
+ ููˆู‚ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุงู† ุงู„ tentorium cerebelli ุจุชูุตู„ ู…ุง ุจูŠู†
1092
+
1093
+ 274
1094
+ 00:22:13,840 --> 00:22:20,380
1095
+ cerebellum below ุนู† cerebrum above ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู„
1096
+
1097
+ 275
1098
+ 00:22:20,380 --> 00:22:23,780
1099
+ fourth ventricle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠูุตู„ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„
1100
+
1101
+ 276
1102
+ 00:22:23,780 --> 00:22:28,800
1103
+ cerebellum behind ุนู† ุงู„ pons ูˆ ุงู„ upper medulla
1104
+
1105
+ 277
1106
+ 00:22:28,800 --> 00:22:34,540
1107
+ anteriorly what's the functions of cerebellumุŸ ุงูŠุด
1108
+
1109
+ 278
1110
+ 00:22:34,540 --> 00:22:39,100
1111
+ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ cerebellumุŸ ุงูˆู„ ุดูŠุกmaintain equilibrium
1112
+
1113
+ 279
1114
+ 00:22:39,100 --> 00:22:45,100
1115
+ of the trunk ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูˆุงุฒู† muscle tone
1116
+
1117
+ 280
1118
+ 00:22:45,100 --> 00:22:48,820
1119
+ regulation regulation of muscle tone ุชู„ุงุซุฉ
1120
+
1121
+ 281
1122
+ 00:22:48,820 --> 00:22:53,980
1123
+ coordination and regulation of involuntary motor
1124
+
1125
+ 282
1126
+ 00:22:53,980 --> 00:22:57,440
1127
+ activity ุงู†ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุงู…ุณูƒ ุงู„ู‚ุจุฑุฉ ุจูŠุฏูŠ it is fine
1128
+
1129
+ 283
1130
+ 00:22:57,440 --> 00:22:58,220
1131
+ activity
1132
+
1133
+ 284
1134
+ 00:23:00,610 --> 00:23:04,790
1135
+ ุฒุฑ ุงู„ุฌู…ูŠุต fine activity ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู†ุง ุจุชุญูƒู… ููŠู‡ู… ุตุญ ู„ูƒู†
1136
+
1137
+ 285
1138
+ 00:23:04,790 --> 00:23:07,390
1139
+ ู„ูˆ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ cerebellum ุจูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุชุฑู†ุญ ูˆ
1140
+
1141
+ 286
1142
+ 00:23:07,390 --> 00:23:11,070
1143
+ dis coordination ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุง ุจู‚ุฏุฑ ุฃุนู…ู„
1144
+
1145
+ 287
1146
+ 00:23:11,070 --> 00:23:17,610
1147
+ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงูŠุง tremor ุฑุดูุฉ ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุงู…ุงุฐุง ุนู†
1148
+
1149
+ 288
1150
+ 00:23:17,610 --> 00:23:21,030
1151
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ cerebellumุŸ ู…ุชุฐูƒุฑูŠู† ุงู„ู€
1152
+
1153
+ 289
1154
+ 00:23:21,030 --> 00:23:23,910
1155
+ cerebrum ู„ู…ุง ู†ุงุฎุฏู†ุงู‡ุŸ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุงู†ู‡ ููŠู‡ ุจูŠุฒู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ
1156
+
1157
+ 290
1158
+ 00:23:23,910 --> 00:23:28,730
1159
+ ููŠู‡ ุจูŠุฒู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ุงู„ุงู† ู„ู…ุง ู†ุงุฎุฏู†ุง ุงู„cerebrum ูƒุงู†
1160
+
1161
+ 291
1162
+ 00:23:28,730 --> 00:23:31,630
1163
+ ููŠู‡ ุจูŠุฒู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ุงู„ุงู† ู„ู…ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„cerebellum
1164
+
1165
+ 292
1166
+ 00:23:31,630 --> 00:23:36,230
1167
+ ููŠู‡ ูƒู…ุงู† ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ุงูŠุด ุงุณู… ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠุŸ dented nucleus
1168
+
1169
+ 293
1170
+ 00:23:36,230 --> 00:23:40,850
1171
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง dented ู„ุฃู† ุดูƒู„ู‡ุง ูŠุณุจุจ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู† ู…ุณู†ู†ุฉ ู…ุซู„
1172
+
1173
+ 294
1174
+ 00:23:40,850 --> 00:23:45,660
1175
+ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู† ู…ุซู„ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู† ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉุŸุจู€
1176
+
1177
+ 295
1178
+ 00:23:45,660 --> 00:23:49,340
1179
+ Coordination and Regulation of Voluntary Motor
1180
+
1181
+ 296
1182
+ 00:23:49,340 --> 00:23:56,960
1183
+ Activity ุจู€ Coordination
1184
+
1185
+ 297
1186
+ 00:23:56,960 --> 00:23:57,520
1187
+ and Regulation of Voluntary Motor Activity ุจู€
1188
+
1189
+ 298
1190
+ 00:23:57,520 --> 00:23:57,520
1191
+ Coordination and Regulation of Voluntary Motor
1192
+
1193
+ 299
1194
+ 00:23:57,520 --> 00:23:57,640
1195
+ Activity ุจู€ Coordination and Regulation of
1196
+
1197
+ 300
1198
+ 00:23:57,640 --> 00:23:57,640
1199
+ Voluntary Motor Activity ุจู€ Coordination and
1200
+
1201
+ 301
1202
+ 00:23:57,640 --> 00:23:57,760
1203
+ Regulation of Voluntary Motor Activity ุจู€
1204
+
1205
+ 302
1206
+ 00:23:57,760 --> 00:23:57,760
1207
+ Coordination and Regulation of Voluntary Motor
1208
+
1209
+ 303
1210
+ 00:23:57,760 --> 00:23:57,760
1211
+ Activity ุจู€ Coordination and Regulation of
1212
+
1213
+ 304
1214
+ 00:23:57,760 --> 00:23:57,760
1215
+ Voluntary Motor Activity ุจู€ Coordination and
1216
+
1217
+ 305
1218
+ 00:23:57,760 --> 00:23:57,760
1219
+ Regulation of Voluntary Motor Activity ุจู€
1220
+
1221
+ 306
1222
+ 00:23:57,760 --> 00:23:57,760
1223
+ Coordination and Regulation of Voluntary Motor
1224
+
1225
+ 307
1226
+ 00:23:57,760 --> 00:23:57,760
1227
+ Activity ุจู€ Coordination and Regulation of
1228
+
1229
+ 308
1230
+ 00:23:57,760 --> 00:23:57,760
1231
+ Voluntary Motor Activity ุจู€ Coordination and
1232
+
1233
+ 309
1234
+ 00:23:57,760 --> 00:23:57,760
1235
+ Regulation of Voluntary Motor Activity ุจู€
1236
+
1237
+ 310
1238
+ 00:23:57,760 --> 00:23:57,760
1239
+ Coordination and Regulation of Voluntary Motor
1240
+
1241
+ 311
1242
+ 00:23:57,760 --> 00:23:58,320
1243
+ Activity ุจู€ Coordination and Regulation of
1244
+
1245
+ 312
1246
+ 00:23:58,320 --> 00:23:58,320
1247
+ Voluntary Motor Activity ุจู€ Coordination and
1248
+
1249
+ 313
1250
+ 00:23:58,320 --> 00:24:01,440
1251
+ Regulation of Voluntary Motor Activity ุจู€
1252
+
1253
+ 314
1254
+ 00:24:01,440 --> 00:24:07,460
1255
+ Coordination
1256
+
1257
+ 315
1258
+ 00:24:07,460 --> 00:24:11,640
1259
+ and Regulation
1260
+
1261
+ 316
1262
+ 00:24:11,640 --> 00:24:14,200
1263
+ of Voluntary Motor Act
1264
+
1265
+ 317
1266
+ 00:24:16,230 --> 00:24:20,270
1267
+ ู‡ูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ ุฃูˆู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฒ ู…ู„ุงุญุธูŠู† ุฃุณู†ุงู†ู‡ุง ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู†
1268
+
1269
+ 318
1270
+ 00:24:20,270 --> 00:24:28,210
1271
+ ุณู…ูˆู‡ุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุฏู†ุชูŠุช ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฒ ุฏู†ุชูŠุช ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฒ ูˆุงุถุญุŸ ู†ูุณ
1272
+
1273
+ 319
1274
+ 00:24:28,210 --> 00:24:32,730
1275
+ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู† ุณู…ูˆู‡ุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุฏู†ุชูŠุช ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฒ ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1276
+
1277
+ 320
1278
+ 00:24:32,730 --> 00:24:40,030
1279
+ ู‡ูˆ emboliform ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฒ ุงู„ุจุนุฏู‡ globus ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฒ ูˆุขุฎุฑ
1280
+
1281
+ 321
1282
+ 00:24:40,030 --> 00:24:42,150
1283
+ ุดุฆ fastigial ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฒ
1284
+
1285
+ 322
1286
+ 00:24:51,500 --> 00:24:56,220
1287
+ Cerebellar connections ู…ุน ู…ูŠู† ู…ุฑุชุจุท ุงู„cerebellumุŸ
1288
+
1289
+ 323
1290
+ 00:24:56,220 --> 00:25:00,720
1291
+ On each side connected with the brainstem by three
1292
+
1293
+ 324
1294
+ 00:25:00,720 --> 00:25:05,140
1295
+ peduncles ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„cerebellar ู„ู‡ three pairs of
1296
+
1297
+ 325
1298
+ 00:25:05,140 --> 00:25:09,900
1299
+ pedunclesุŒ ู„ู‡ ุซู„ุงุซ ุฃุฒูˆุงุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ pedunclesุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
1300
+
1301
+ 326
1302
+ 00:25:09,900 --> 00:25:13,880
1303
+ right ูˆ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ left Superior cerebellar peduncles
1304
+
1305
+ 327
1306
+ 00:25:13,880 --> 00:25:18,660
1307
+ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ midbrain Middle cerebellar peduncles
1308
+
1309
+ 328
1310
+ 00:25:18,660 --> 00:25:23,950
1311
+ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ pantsูˆ inferior cerebellar peduncles
1312
+
1313
+ 329
1314
+ 00:25:23,950 --> 00:25:27,750
1315
+ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุง ุงูˆ ุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ุงูƒุจุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฌู…
1316
+
1317
+ 330
1318
+ 00:25:27,750 --> 00:25:32,290
1319
+ ููŠู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ middle middle cerebellar peduncle
1320
+
1321
+ 331
1322
+ 00:25:32,290 --> 00:25:41,030
1323
+ ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ุงู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ superior
1324
+
1325
+ 332
1326
+ 00:25:41,030 --> 00:25:44,150
1327
+ cerebellar
1328
+
1329
+ 333
1330
+ 00:25:44,150 --> 00:25:50,920
1331
+ peduncle ู‡ุงู†ู…ุฏู„ .. ู„ุฃ ู‡ู†ุง inferior cerebellar
1332
+
1333
+ 334
1334
+ 00:25:50,920 --> 00:25:55,960
1335
+ peduncles ูˆ ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑ ู‡ุฐุง middle cerebellar peduncles
1336
+
1337
+ 335
1338
+ 00:25:55,960 --> 00:26:00,440
1339
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง superior ู‡ุฐุง inferior ู‡ุฐุง middle
1340
+
1341
+ 336
1342
+ 00:26:00,440 --> 00:26:04,840
1343
+ cerebellar peduncles ุงู„ middle ู…ุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน ุงู„
1344
+
1345
+ 337
1346
+ 00:26:04,840 --> 00:26:08,720
1347
+ pawns inferior ู…ุน ุงู„ medulla oblongata ูˆ ุงู„
1348
+
1349
+ 338
1350
+ 00:26:08,720 --> 00:26:12,460
1351
+ superior ู…ุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน midbrain
1352
+
1353
+ 339
1354
+ 00:26:15,620 --> 00:26:18,880
1355
+ ู„ูˆ ุทู„ุนู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ external features of the cerebellum
1356
+
1357
+ 340
1358
+ 00:26:18,880 --> 00:26:22,220
1359
+ ุจุงู„ู„ุงุญุธ
1360
+
1361
+ 341
1362
+ 00:26:22,220 --> 00:26:26,360
1363
+ ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ cerebellar ู„ู‡ right and left cerebellar
1364
+
1365
+ 342
1366
+ 00:26:26,360 --> 00:26:30,720
1367
+ hemisphereูˆ ู…ุฑุชุจุทูŠู† ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ vermis ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1368
+
1369
+ 343
1370
+ 00:26:30,720 --> 00:26:34,920
1371
+ ุงูŠู‡ vermis superior ูˆ inferior anterior loop
1372
+
1373
+ 344
1374
+ 00:26:34,920 --> 00:26:41,840
1375
+ posterior loop ุฃูˆ middle loop posterior loop ุงูˆ
1376
+
1377
+ 345
1378
+ 00:26:41,840 --> 00:26:45,460
1379
+ middle loop ูˆ floculonodular loop
1380
+
1381
+ 346
1382
+ 00:26:49,640 --> 00:26:53,460
1383
+ ูˆ posterior loop ูˆ follicular nodular loop ุงู„
1384
+
1385
+ 347
1386
+ 00:26:53,460 --> 00:26:57,720
1387
+ posterior loop ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ ูƒู…ุงู† middle loop ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ ุงูŠู‡
1388
+
1389
+ 348
1390
+ 00:26:57,720 --> 00:27:00,640
1391
+ middle loop ู„ูŠู‡ middle loop ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ุจู‚ุน ุจูŠู† ุงู„
1392
+
1393
+ 349
1394
+ 00:27:00,640 --> 00:27:03,980
1395
+ anterior ูˆ follicular nodular loop ูˆ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡
1396
+
1397
+ 350
1398
+ 00:27:03,980 --> 00:27:07,020
1399
+ posterior ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ุจู‚ุน ููŠ ุงู„ุฎู„ู ุฎู„ู ุงู„ anterior loop
1400
+
1401
+ 351
1402
+ 00:27:07,020 --> 00:27:12,190
1403
+ okay ููŠ primary ูุดุฑู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุงู„ primary fissure
1404
+
1405
+ 352
1406
+ 00:27:12,190 --> 00:27:17,130
1407
+ between the anterior and middle loop ููŠู‡ ุชู†ุฒู„ on
1408
+
1409
+ 353
1410
+ 00:27:17,130 --> 00:27:21,690
1411
+ each side of the inferior vermis ููŠู‡ horizontal
1412
+
1413
+ 354
1414
+ 00:27:21,690 --> 00:27:25,250
1415
+ fissure ูˆููŠู‡ posterior lateral fissure ุงู„
1416
+
1417
+ 355
1418
+ 00:27:25,250 --> 00:27:28,370
1419
+ posterior lateral fissure ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุจูŠู† flocular
1420
+
1421
+ 356
1422
+ 00:27:28,370 --> 00:27:31,770
1423
+ nodular loop ูˆ ุงู„ posterior loop ุงูˆ ุงู„ middle loop
1424
+
1425
+ 357
1426
+ 00:27:33,010 --> 00:27:37,730
1427
+ ุจูˆุถุญ ุนู†ุฏู‰ cerebellar hemispheres ูˆููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ููŠ
1428
+
1429
+ 358
1430
+ 00:27:37,730 --> 00:27:42,430
1431
+ ุดูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ vermis ู‡ู†ุง ุจูˆุถุญ ุงู„ุฃุญู…ุฑ ุงู„ anterior lobe
1432
+
1433
+ 359
1434
+ 00:27:42,430 --> 00:27:46,930
1435
+ ุฃู…ุงู…ูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ุฎู„ููŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† posterior lobe ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง
1436
+
1437
+ 360
1438
+ 00:27:46,930 --> 00:27:50,270
1439
+ middle lobe ู„ูŠู‡ ุณู…ูŠู†ุงู‡ุง middle lobe ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุจุชู‚ุน ุจูŠู†
1440
+
1441
+ 361
1442
+ 00:27:50,270 --> 00:27:53,950
1443
+ ุงู„ anterior lobe ูˆ flocular nodular lobes ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„
1444
+
1445
+ 362
1446
+ 00:27:53,950 --> 00:27:57,270
1447
+ primary fissure ุงู„ primary fissure ู‡ุฐู‡ ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ุง
1448
+
1449
+ 363
1450
+ 00:27:57,270 --> 00:28:01,870
1451
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชู‚ุน ุงูˆ ุจุชูุตู„ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1452
+
1453
+ 364
1454
+ 00:28:04,650 --> 00:28:09,630
1455
+ Anterior Loop ูˆPosterior
1456
+
1457
+ 365
1458
+ 00:28:09,630 --> 00:28:14,110
1459
+ Loop ุฃูˆ Middle Loop ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ Horizontal Fissure
1460
+
1461
+ 366
1462
+ 00:28:14,110 --> 00:28:17,470
1463
+ ู‡ุฐูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ Horizontal Fissure ููŠ Posterior Loop ุฃูˆ
1464
+
1465
+ 367
1466
+ 00:28:17,470 --> 00:28:23,430
1467
+ ููŠ Middle Loop ู‡ุฐูŠ ุชุนุชุจุฑ Anterior Loop ู‡ุฐูŠ
1468
+
1469
+ 368
1470
+ 00:28:23,430 --> 00:28:31,870
1471
+ Posterior Loop ุงูˆ Middle Loopุทุจุนุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ู‡ู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ู€
1472
+
1473
+ 369
1474
+ 00:28:31,870 --> 00:28:39,390
1475
+ External Features of the Cerebellum ู†ูƒู…ู„ ูƒู…ุงู† ู‡ุงูŠ
1476
+
1477
+ 370
1478
+ 00:28:39,390 --> 00:28:46,470
1479
+ ูˆุงุถุญ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ Tonsils ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ Vermis ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1480
+
1481
+ 371
1482
+ 00:28:46,470 --> 00:28:52,930
1483
+ Posterolateral Fissure ุจูุตู„ ุจูŠู† Fluculonodular
1484
+
1485
+ 372
1486
+ 00:28:52,930 --> 00:28:58,230
1487
+ Loops ูˆุงู„ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆู„ูˆุจ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ middle loopุงู„ูู„ูˆูƒูˆู„ูˆ
1488
+
1489
+ 373
1490
+ 00:28:58,230 --> 00:29:02,730
1491
+ ู†ูˆุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ู„ูˆุจ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† two flucolae ุญูŠูˆุงู† ูู„ูˆูƒูˆู„ุงุช ูˆ
1492
+
1493
+ 374
1494
+ 00:29:02,730 --> 00:29:08,390
1495
+ ุญูŠูˆุงู† ูˆ one nodule ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุณู…ูˆู‡ ูู„ูˆูƒูˆู„ูˆ ู†ูˆุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ
1496
+
1497
+ 375
1498
+ 00:29:08,390 --> 00:29:16,790
1499
+ ู„ูˆุจ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† two flucolae ูˆ one nodule ุงู„
1500
+
1501
+ 376
1502
+ 00:29:16,790 --> 00:29:20,570
1503
+ sub divisions of cerebellum ู‡ู†ุฎุชู„ููˆุง ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุก ููŠ
1504
+
1505
+ 377
1506
+ 00:29:20,570 --> 00:29:24,590
1507
+ ุชู‚ุณูŠู… ุงู„ cerebellum ุงู„ุฃุฎุตุงุฆูŠ ุจุชุงุนูŠ ุงู„ morphology
1508
+
1509
+ 378
1510
+ 00:29:24,590 --> 00:29:31,380
1511
+ ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ุฃู† ู†ู‚ุณู…ู‡ู„ุฃ rightูˆ left cerebellar
1512
+
1513
+ 379
1514
+ 00:29:31,380 --> 00:29:37,220
1515
+ hemispheres ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต median vermis ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ุชุนูŠูŠู† ุงู„
1516
+
1517
+ 380
1518
+ 00:29:37,220 --> 00:29:41,860
1519
+ morphology ุงุฎุชู„ููˆุง ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฌุณู…ู‡ ู„ ุงูŠู‡ ู„ right
1520
+
1521
+ 381
1522
+ 00:29:41,860 --> 00:29:45,060
1523
+ cerebellar hemispheres left cerebellar hemispheres
1524
+
1525
+ 382
1526
+ 00:29:45,060 --> 00:29:48,480
1527
+ ูˆ median vermis ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต ุจุชุนูŠูŠู† ุงู„ Anatomy ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ู„ุฃ
1528
+
1529
+ 383
1530
+ 00:29:48,480 --> 00:29:51,340
1531
+ ุจุฏู†ุงุด ุงู„ุชู‚ุณูŠู…ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุด ุนุงุฌุจุงู†ุง ู…ุด ู…ุงุดูŠ ู…ุนู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡
1532
+
1533
+ 384
1534
+ 00:29:51,340 --> 00:29:54,320
1535
+ ุงู„ุชู‚ุณูŠู…ุฉ ูƒูŠู ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฌุณู…ู‡ ุจุชุนูŠูŠู† ุงู„ Anatomy ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง
1536
+
1537
+ 385
1538
+ 00:29:54,320 --> 00:29:57,580
1539
+ ู†ุฌุณู…ู‡ ู„ anterior loop ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุฃู…ุงู… ุงู„ primary
1540
+
1541
+ 386
1542
+ 00:29:57,580 --> 00:30:01,460
1543
+ fissureูˆ posterior loop ุงูˆ middle loop ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู†
1544
+
1545
+ 387
1546
+ 00:30:01,460 --> 00:30:04,720
1547
+ ู…ุญุตูˆุฑุฉ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ primary fissure ูˆุงู„ posterior
1548
+
1549
+ 388
1550
+ 00:30:04,720 --> 00:30:09,580
1551
+ lateral sulcus ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุจูŠู† ุงู„ anterior loop ูˆ
1552
+
1553
+ 389
1554
+ 00:30:09,580 --> 00:30:14,220
1555
+ flocculonodular loop ูˆ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ flocculonodular loop
1556
+
1557
+ 390
1558
+ 00:30:14,220 --> 00:30:17,640
1559
+ ุชุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† two flocculi ูˆ one nodule in the middle
1560
+
1561
+ 391
1562
+ 00:30:18,470 --> 00:30:20,530
1563
+ ุจุชุงุนูŠู† ุงู„ููŠุณูŠูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ู„ุฃ ู…ุด ู…ุนุฌุจุงู†ุฉ ุงู„ุชู‚ุณูŠู…ุฉ
1564
+
1565
+ 392
1566
+ 00:30:20,530 --> 00:30:22,770
1567
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงุญู†ุง ู…ุงุนู†ุงุด ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุชุงุนูŠู† ุงู„ุงู†ุชูˆู…ูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ
1568
+
1569
+ 393
1570
+ 00:30:22,770 --> 00:30:25,010
1571
+ ูŠุฌูŠุจู†ุง ุชู‚ุณูŠู…ุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจุชุงุนูŠู† ุงู„ููŠุณูŠูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง
1572
+
1573
+ 394
1574
+ 00:30:25,010 --> 00:30:31,850
1575
+ ู†ู‚ุณู…ู‡ู… ู„ vestibular part ุฃูˆ ุฃุฑุดูˆ ุณูŠุฑุงุจูŠู„ุงู… ูˆ ุจุงู„ูŠูˆ
1576
+
1577
+ 395
1578
+ 00:30:31,850 --> 00:30:36,070
1579
+ ุณูŠุฑุงุจูŠู„ุงู… ูˆ ู†ูŠูˆ ุณูŠุฑุงุจูŠู„ุงู… ุญุณุจ ุงู„ development ู‡ุฐู‡
1580
+
1581
+ 396
1582
+ 00:30:36,070 --> 00:30:40,790
1583
+ ุงู„ุฃู‚ุฏู…ุฃูˆู„ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌู†ูŠู† ุจุนุฏู‡ ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ู€
1584
+
1585
+ 397
1586
+ 00:30:40,790 --> 00:30:43,810
1587
+ Paleocerebellum ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Neocerebellum ุฃุฌุฏุฏ ุฃุดูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู†
1588
+
1589
+ 398
1590
+ 00:30:43,810 --> 00:30:49,310
1591
+ ููŠ development of cerebellum ุฌูŠู†ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุญุทู†ุงู„ูƒูˆุง ุงู„
1592
+
1593
+ 399
1594
+ 00:30:49,310 --> 00:30:51,670
1595
+ physiological ุฃูˆ functional ูˆ anatomically
1596
+
1597
+ 400
1598
+ 00:30:51,670 --> 00:30:54,470
1599
+ subdivision of cerebellum ุฌู…ุนู†ุงู‡ู… ููŠ slide ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠ
1600
+
1601
+ 401
1602
+ 00:30:54,470 --> 00:30:58,770
1603
+ ุฌุฏูˆู„ ุนุดุงู† ู†ูˆุถุญู„ูƒูˆุง ุฅูŠุงู‡ู… Flucular nodular loop
1604
+
1605
+ 402
1606
+ 00:30:58,770 --> 00:31:02,240
1607
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠู‡ ุจุชูƒูˆู† fastigial nucleusู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงูŠุด ู…ู†
1608
+
1609
+ 403
1610
+ 00:31:02,240 --> 00:31:05,280
1611
+ ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ููŠุณูŠูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุงุŸ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† vestibular part ุงูˆ
1612
+
1613
+ 404
1614
+ 00:31:05,280 --> 00:31:08,480
1615
+ Arch Cerebellum ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ vestibular part ุงูˆ
1616
+
1617
+ 405
1618
+ 00:31:08,480 --> 00:31:11,460
1619
+ ุงู„ Arch CerebellumุŸ ู‡ูˆ ููŠ locular nodular loop
1620
+
1621
+ 406
1622
+ 00:31:11,460 --> 00:31:17,660
1623
+ ุชู…ุงู… it is oldest part of cerebellum ุงู‚ุฏู… ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠ
1624
+
1625
+ 407
1626
+ 00:31:17,660 --> 00:31:22,100
1627
+ ุงู„ development ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ function ุชุจุนุชู‡ maintain
1628
+
1629
+ 408
1630
+ 00:31:22,100 --> 00:31:27,910
1631
+ equilibrium of the trunkู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ููŠู‡ lesion ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู†ุง
1632
+
1633
+ 409
1634
+ 00:31:27,910 --> 00:31:31,650
1635
+ tranquil attacks ูŠุนู†ูŠ standing and gate ุจูŠู…ุดูˆุง ู‡ูˆ
1636
+
1637
+ 410
1638
+ 00:31:31,650 --> 00:31:37,590
1639
+ ุงูŠุดุŸ ุฒูŠ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ drunken gate ุนุฏู… ุงุชุฒุงู† ุนุฏู… ุงุชุฒุงู† ุฒูŠ
1640
+
1641
+ 411
1642
+ 00:31:37,590 --> 00:31:42,710
1643
+ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ุดุฑุจุงู† ุงู„ุดุงุฑุจ ุฎู…ุฑ okay drunken gate ุงู„ู†ูˆุน
1644
+
1645
+ 412
1646
+ 00:31:42,710 --> 00:31:48,090
1647
+ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ anterior loop ุงู„ anterior loop ููŠู‡ุง
1648
+
1649
+ 413
1650
+ 00:31:48,090 --> 00:31:53,060
1651
+ emboliform globus nucleusู…ูŠู† ุจูŠู‚ุงุจู„ู‡ุง ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ
1652
+
1653
+ 414
1654
+ 00:31:53,060 --> 00:31:55,500
1655
+ physiology ุงูˆ functional area ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
1656
+
1657
+ 415
1658
+ 00:31:55,500 --> 00:32:01,020
1659
+ paleocerebellum ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ development it is the
1660
+
1661
+ 416
1662
+ 00:32:01,020 --> 00:32:06,580
1663
+ next one next one ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ function ุชุจุนุชู‡ muscle
1664
+
1665
+ 417
1666
+ 00:32:06,580 --> 00:32:10,760
1667
+ tone regulation muscle tone ุงูŠู‡ regulation ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ
1668
+
1669
+ 418
1670
+ 00:32:10,760 --> 00:32:16,770
1671
+ ููŠู‡ lesionsmuscle hypotonia ูŠุจู‚ู‰ Legion of
1672
+
1673
+ 419
1674
+ 00:32:16,770 --> 00:32:20,170
1675
+ cerebellum ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง muscle hypotonia ู„ูˆ ุณุฃู„ุชูƒูˆุง
1676
+
1677
+ 420
1678
+ 00:32:20,170 --> 00:32:24,430
1679
+ ุณุคุงู„ ู…ุชู‰ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุญุฏุซ muscle spasticity ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„
1680
+
1681
+ 421
1682
+ 00:32:24,430 --> 00:32:27,630
1683
+ cerebellar damage ูˆ ู„ุง ุนู…ุฑู‡ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„
1684
+
1685
+ 422
1686
+ 00:32:27,630 --> 00:32:30,510
1687
+ cerebellar damage spasticity ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ Legion ุจุชุงุน ุงู„
1688
+
1689
+ 423
1690
+ 00:32:30,510 --> 00:32:36,340
1691
+ cerebellum ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… muscle hypotoniaุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูˆู„ูˆุจ
1692
+
1693
+ 424
1694
+ 00:32:36,340 --> 00:32:40,380
1695
+ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠู‡ู… ููŠู‡ ุฏู†ุชูŠุฉ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠู‚ุงุจู„ู‡ู… ููŠ
1696
+
1697
+ 425
1698
+ 00:32:40,380 --> 00:32:45,020
1699
+ ุงู„ physiological subdivision ู†ูŠูˆ ุณูŠุฑุจูŠู„ุง it is
1700
+
1701
+ 426
1702
+ 00:32:45,020 --> 00:32:48,700
1703
+ most recent part of cerebellum ูˆุงุถูŠูุชู‡
1704
+
1705
+ 427
1706
+ 00:32:48,700 --> 00:32:53,800
1707
+ coordination and regulation of fine voluntary
1708
+
1709
+ 428
1710
+ 00:32:53,800 --> 00:32:58,660
1711
+ motor activity ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ lesion ููŠู‡ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ in
1712
+
1713
+ 429
1714
+ 00:32:58,660 --> 00:33:01,920
1715
+ coordination of movement ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุนุฌูŠ ุณุคุงู„ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„
1716
+
1717
+ 430
1718
+ 00:33:01,920 --> 00:33:07,040
1719
+ antireloopุนุงู„ุณุฑูŠุฑ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุบุฒ ุนู„ูŠู‡ paliocerebellum ู…ู†
1720
+
1721
+ 431
1722
+ 00:33:07,040 --> 00:33:10,040
1723
+ ู‡ูˆ flaconal nodular loop? vestibular part ุงูˆ
1724
+
1725
+ 432
1726
+ 00:33:10,040 --> 00:33:13,900
1727
+ archocerebellum ู…ู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูˆ loopุŸ ุงู„ู†ูŠูˆ
1728
+
1729
+ 433
1730
+ 00:33:13,900 --> 00:33:16,520
1731
+ ุณูŠุฑุจู„ูˆู† ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุงุชูŠ ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ middle loop ู†ูุณ
1732
+
1733
+ 434
1734
+ 00:33:16,520 --> 00:33:19,260
1735
+ ุงู„ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูˆ ุงู„ middle loop ุงูˆ ุงู„ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูˆ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุชู…ุงู…
1736
+
1737
+ 435
1738
+ 00:33:19,260 --> 00:33:26,240
1739
+ ุงู„ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูˆ ูˆ ุงู„ middle ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ูˆุงุญุฏ okay
1740
+
1741
+ 436
1742
+ 00:33:26,240 --> 00:33:32,190
1743
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ anterior loopุจุงู„ูŠูˆ ุณูŠุฑุงุจูŠู„ุงู…
1744
+
1745
+ 437
1746
+ 00:33:32,190 --> 00:33:36,630
1747
+ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆู„ ู„ูˆุจ ู†ูŠูˆ ุณูŠุฑุงุจูŠู„ุงู… ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูู„ูˆูƒู„ุฑ
1748
+
1749
+ 438
1750
+ 00:33:36,630 --> 00:33:39,910
1751
+ ู†ูˆุฏู„ุฑ ู„ูˆุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงุฑุดูˆ ุณูŠุฑุงุจูŠู„ุงู… ุงูˆ
1752
+
1753
+ 439
1754
+ 00:33:39,910 --> 00:33:44,390
1755
+ vestibular part of the cerebellum ู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ
1756
+
1757
+ 440
1758
+ 00:33:44,390 --> 00:33:49,070
1759
+ ุงู„ dendrite ุฌุงูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ posterior part ููŠ ุงู„
1760
+
1761
+ 441
1762
+ 00:33:49,070 --> 00:33:51,790
1763
+ anterior part ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ globus ุงู„ nucleus
1764
+
1765
+ 442
1766
+ 00:33:51,790 --> 00:33:56,650
1767
+ ูˆemboliform nucleus ูˆููŠ ูู„ูˆูƒู„ุฑ ู†ูˆุฏู„ุฑ ู„ูˆุจ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
1768
+
1769
+ 443
1770
+ 00:33:56,650 --> 00:34:01,990
1771
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงุณุชูŠุฌูŠุงู„ ุงู„ nucleusูˆ ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ูˆุตู„ู†ุง
1772
+
1773
+ 444
1774
+ 00:34:01,990 --> 00:34:05,390
1775
+ ู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุชุงู„ุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Anatomy and
1776
+
1777
+ 445
1778
+ 00:34:05,390 --> 00:34:06,990
1779
+ physiology of cerebellum
1780
+
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/9BYPvHnoBXY_postprocess.srt ADDED
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1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:05,670 --> 00:00:09,390
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:09,390 --> 00:00:14,170
7
+ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุนุดุฑ ุฑุญ ุชูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:14,170 --> 00:00:17,190
11
+ anatomy and physiology of the motor system ุงู„
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:17,190 --> 00:00:20,870
15
+ motor system ู…ู‡ู… ู„ูƒู… ุฌุฏุง ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุฑุญ ูŠุชู… ุดุฑุญู‡ ููŠ
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:20,870 --> 00:00:24,030
19
+ ุฃุณุจูˆุนูŠู† ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ููŠ ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุนุดุฑ ูˆุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:24,030 --> 00:00:29,210
23
+ ููŠ ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ุนุดุฑ ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ motor system
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:29,210 --> 00:00:35,780
27
+ what's the components of the motor systemู…ู† ุงูŠุด
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:35,780 --> 00:00:42,500
31
+ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ motor systemุŸ ุงูˆู„ ุดูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† cortical
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:42,500 --> 00:00:46,740
35
+ motor area cortical motor area ูŠุนู†ูŠ primary
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:46,740 --> 00:00:50,820
39
+ cortical motor area ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ pre central
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:50,820 --> 00:00:58,660
43
+ gyrus area 4ูˆ secondary motor areaุŒ area ุฑู‚ู… 6
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:00:58,660 --> 00:01:04,180
47
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ frontal loop anterior to the precentral
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:04,180 --> 00:01:09,840
51
+ gyrus and cortical association area ุฏู„ูˆู„ ุดุฆ ุจู†ุชูƒู„ู…
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:09,840 --> 00:01:16,620
55
+ ุนู† ุงู„ cortical motor area ุงุชู†ูŠู† Basal nuclei ุงู„ู„ูŠ
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:16,620 --> 00:01:20,860
59
+ ู‡ูˆ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ extrapyramidal nervous system ู…ุซู„ ุงู„
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:20,860 --> 00:01:26,670
63
+ butamineglobus pallidus ูƒูˆุฏูŠุช ุฃู…ูŠุฌุฏุงู„ูˆูŠุฏ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:26,670 --> 00:01:34,490
67
+ ูˆุฅูƒู„ุงูˆุณุฑ ุณูŠุฑูŠุจูŠู„ุง brain
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:34,490 --> 00:01:39,330
71
+ stem ุฌุฏุงุฏ ุฏู…ุงุบ spinal cord ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ุฃุฌุฒุงุก
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:39,330 --> 00:01:43,330
75
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ุง ู‚ุจู„ motor ู„ูŠุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ brain stem ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:43,330 --> 00:01:45,950
79
+ ูู‚ุท motor ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ sensor ุงู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ุฃุฌุฒุงุก
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:45,950 --> 00:01:52,660
83
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุฎุต motor spinal cordุจุฑูŠููŠุฑุงู„ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ูุงูŠุฑุฒ
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:01:52,660 --> 00:01:58,460
87
+ ุจุฑููŠุฑุงู„ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูŠุฑู ูุงูŠุฑุฒ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ nerve ููŠู‡ sensory
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:01:58,460 --> 00:02:00,740
91
+ fibers ูˆ ููŠู‡ autonomic fibers ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:00,740 --> 00:02:04,800
95
+ motor fibers ุงู„ neuromuscular junction ุงู„
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:04,800 --> 00:02:08,920
99
+ neuromuscular junction and muscle and muscle
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:08,920 --> 00:02:11,980
103
+ what's
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:11,980 --> 00:02:16,100
107
+ the components of the extrapyramidal motor system
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:17,480 --> 00:02:23,060
111
+ Extrapyramidal motor system ุจุฏุฎู„ ููŠู‡ุง ุจูŠุฒุงู„
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:23,060 --> 00:02:27,600
115
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ูƒูˆุฏุงุช ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุจูŠูˆุชุงู…ูŠู† ุฌู„ูˆุจุงุณ ุจูŠุถุงุณ
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:27,600 --> 00:02:31,520
119
+ ูƒู„ุงูˆุณุชุฑูˆู… ุงู…ูŠุฌุฏุงู„ูˆูŠุฏ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ูƒู„ู‡ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุจูŠุฒุงู„
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:31,520 --> 00:02:38,810
123
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠsubthalamus ุณูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุฏูŠุงู†
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:02:38,810 --> 00:02:42,810
127
+ ุณูŠูุฑูˆู†ุŒ ู…ุชุฐูƒุฑูŠู† ุฏูŠุงู† ุณูŠูุฑูˆู†ุŸ ุซู„ุงู…ุณุŒ ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซู„ุงู…ุณุŒ
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:02:42,810 --> 00:02:45,470
131
+ ุณุจุซู„ุงู…ุณุŒ ู…ูŠุชุงุซู„ุงู…ุณุŒ ุฅูŠุจูŠุซุงู„ุงู…ุณุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:02:45,470 --> 00:02:49,390
135
+ subthalamus ุณูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุฏูŠุงู† ุณูŠูุฑูˆู†ุŒ ูˆ
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:02:49,390 --> 00:02:54,990
139
+ ุงู„ thalamus ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ู† ุฏูŠุงู† ุณูŠูุฑูˆู†
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:02:55,700 --> 00:03:00,140
143
+ Substantia Negra ู‡ูŠ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Extra Pyramidal
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:00,140 --> 00:03:06,560
147
+ Nervous System ูˆู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Midbrain
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:06,560 --> 00:03:11,680
151
+ Substantia
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:11,680 --> 00:03:17,670
155
+ Negra ุชูุฑุฒ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู†ูŠู† ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุญุฏุซ ู†ู‚ุตููŠ ู…ุงุฏุฉ
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:17,670 --> 00:03:22,750
159
+ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจู†ุชุฌ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู…ุฑุถ ุงุณู…ู‡ Parkinson
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:22,750 --> 00:03:28,650
163
+ disease ุงูˆ shaking palsy ู…ุฑุถ ุดูุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฑุนุงุด ุงูˆ ู…ุฑุถ
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:28,650 --> 00:03:34,250
167
+ Parkinson Red nucleus ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูƒู…ุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ middle
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:34,250 --> 00:03:39,730
171
+ brain ูˆูŠู„ู‡ุง ุฏูˆุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ extrapyramidal
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:03:39,730 --> 00:03:46,730
175
+ nervous systemclinical correlation of the
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:03:46,730 --> 00:03:53,150
179
+ extrapyramidal nervous system ู„ูŠู‡ ู„ู‡ู… ู…ู„ุงู‚ุงุฉ ุจุจุนุถ
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:03:53,150 --> 00:03:58,930
183
+ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† disease ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ degeneration
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:03:58,930 --> 00:04:04,270
187
+ and depigmentation of neurons in the substantia
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:04,270 --> 00:04:07,070
191
+ nigra ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุฑุงุญ ู†ุงุฎุฏู‡ ููŠ ุณู†ุฉ ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ููŠ
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:07,070 --> 00:04:14,040
195
+ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉุจูŠุญุฏุซ neurodegenerative changes in the
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:14,040 --> 00:04:19,020
199
+ substantia nigra ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูุฑุฒ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:19,020 --> 00:04:21,720
203
+ ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† Parkinson disease ูŠุนุชุจุฑ it chronic
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:21,720 --> 00:04:27,120
207
+ slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:04:27,120 --> 00:04:35,960
211
+ characterized by loss of pigmented neurons in the
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:04:35,960 --> 00:04:41,590
215
+ substantia nigraูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุงูŠู‡ loss of
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:04:41,590 --> 00:04:46,430
219
+ pigmented neurons in substantia negra ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:04:46,430 --> 00:04:50,730
223
+ ูŠุคุฏูŠ ุงู„ู‰ ุงูŠู‡ ุจุฑุงุฏูŠูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒูŠุง ุงูˆ ู‡ูŠุจูˆูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒูŠุง ุจุชู‚ู
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:04:50,730 --> 00:04:58,330
227
+ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ muscle rigidity breast tremor ุจุณ ุดุบู„
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:04:58,330 --> 00:05:03,470
231
+ instability ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ู„ุฅูŠู‡ ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:03,470 --> 00:05:09,120
235
+ Parkinson disease ุงุซู†ูŠู†Huntington's disease ุฃูˆ
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:09,120 --> 00:05:14,560
239
+ ูƒูˆุฑูŠุฉุชุนุชุจุฑ autosomal dominant ุฃูˆ ุฏุงุฆุฑ ุฑู‚ุต ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:14,560 --> 00:05:20,060
243
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถูˆ ู…ุงุดูŠ ู…ุซู„ ุจุฑู‚ุต ุฏุงุฆุฑ ุฑู‚ุต autosomal dominant
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:20,060 --> 00:05:25,500
247
+ movement disorder associated with severe
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:25,500 --> 00:05:33,140
251
+ degeneration of the cholinergic and GABAergic
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:05:33,140 --> 00:05:40,770
255
+ neurons ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุงุนุชุจุฑ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ GABAู‡ูˆ
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:05:40,770 --> 00:05:46,750
259
+ ุจุงู„ ูƒูˆู„ูŠู†ูŠุฑุฌูŠูƒ ุชู…ุงู… which are located in the
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:05:46,750 --> 00:05:50,910
263
+ caudate nucleus and butamine ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:05:50,910 --> 00:05:57,970
267
+ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ูƒูˆุฑูŠุฉ and dementia and dementia ูˆู†ุชุฌ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:05:57,970 --> 00:06:04,530
271
+ degeneration ููŠ ุงู„ูƒูˆู„ูŠู†ูŠุฑุฌูŠูƒ ูˆุงู„ู‚ุนุจุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ู‚ุนุจุฉ
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:04,530 --> 00:06:06,170
275
+ amino biotic acid
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:15,630 --> 00:06:22,210
279
+ ุจุงู„ูŠุฒู…ุณ ุฃูˆ ู‡ูŠุจูˆ ุจุงู„ูŠุฒู…ุณ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุดูŠุก ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุดูˆูู‡ ููŠ
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:22,210 --> 00:06:25,590
283
+ ุญุงู„ุงุช ischemic infarction ู„ู…ุง ูŠุญุฏุซ ischemic
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:25,590 --> 00:06:30,770
287
+ infarction ููŠ ุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡ Lewis body ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:06:30,770 --> 00:06:34,450
291
+ ููŠ ุงู„ subthalamus ุชุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฅูŠู‡ ุจุงู„ูŠุฒู…ุณ ุฃูˆ
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:06:34,450 --> 00:06:38,670
295
+ hemibalism involuntary movementููŠ ู…ูˆุงุถุน ุขุฎุฑ
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:06:40,480 --> 00:06:45,220
299
+ Hepatolenticular Degeneration ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ูˆูŠู„ุณูˆู†
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:06:45,220 --> 00:06:51,500
303
+ ุฏูŠุฒูŠุฒ ู…ุฑุถ ูˆูŠู„ุณูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุณู…ูˆู‡ Hepatolenticular
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:06:51,500 --> 00:06:55,180
307
+ Degeneration ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ุจูŠุตูŠุจ ุงู„ู„ูุฑ ูˆุจูŠุตูŠุจ ุงู„ุจูŠุฒุง
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:06:55,180 --> 00:06:59,320
311
+ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ู„ูŠู†ุชูŠููˆุฑ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ accumulation of
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:06:59,320 --> 00:07:03,040
315
+ copper ูˆุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู†ุฒุงูŠู… ุงุณู…ู‡
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:07:03,040 --> 00:07:06,900
319
+ ุงู„ceruloplasmin ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ceruloplasmin ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ููŠ
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:06,900 --> 00:07:10,300
323
+ mutation ุฃูˆ ุชุณู…ู‰ ุงู„ recessive diseaseูˆ
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:10,300 --> 00:07:15,080
327
+ ุณูŠุฑูˆู„ูู„ุงุฒู…ูŠู† ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุนู…ู„ binding ู…ุน ุงู„ู‚ุจุฑ ุชุชุญุฏ
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:07:15,080 --> 00:07:18,380
331
+ ู…ุน ุงู„ู†ุญุงุณ ูˆ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ู…ุนู‡ ุงู„ุจุนูˆุถ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ู…ุนู‡ ุนุตุงุฑุฉ
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:07:18,380 --> 00:07:25,280
335
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุฑู…ู† ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุงู† ููŠ mutation ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:07:25,280 --> 00:07:32,560
339
+ enzyme ุจูŠุญุฏุซ block ูˆ ุนุฏู… ู…ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุชุญุงุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ู‚ุจุฑ
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:07:32,560 --> 00:07:36,900
343
+ ูˆ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ accumulation ู„ู„ู‚ุจุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ body ูˆ ุงู„ู‚ุจุฑ ุฑุงุญ
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:07:36,900 --> 00:07:40,560
347
+ ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ liver ูˆ ุงู„ base ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ other
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:07:40,560 --> 00:07:45,660
351
+ organs type
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:07:45,660 --> 00:07:50,490
355
+ of body movementsุงู„ุงู† ุงูŠุด ุงู„ body movements ููŠ
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:07:50,490 --> 00:07:56,190
359
+ autonomous ุงูˆ reflex movement ุงู†ุง ุจุนู…ู„ ุญุฑูƒุงุช
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:07:56,190 --> 00:07:59,370
363
+ reflex ุจุฏูˆู† ุฅุฑุงุฏุฉ ุจุฏูˆู† ุฅุฑุงุฏุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:07:59,370 --> 00:08:05,410
367
+ involuntary movement ุงูˆ postural without ุงูˆ ุงูˆ
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:08:05,410 --> 00:08:08,970
371
+ ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ withdrawal reflex withdrawal reflex ูŠุนู†ูŠ
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:08:08,970 --> 00:08:14,890
375
+ ุงู†ุง ุจุนู…ู„ู‡ุง ุจุฏูˆู† ู…ุง .. ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุญุฑูƒุงุช ู„ุง ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:08:14,890 --> 00:08:21,730
379
+ ุญุฑูƒุงุช ู„ุง ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุฉูˆููŠ rhythmic voluntary movement ู…ุซู„
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:08:21,730 --> 00:08:25,730
383
+ ุงู„ chewing ูˆ walking ู‡ุฐู‡ ุญุฑูƒุงุช ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏุฃ
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:08:25,730 --> 00:08:30,490
387
+ ุงุชุญุฑูƒ ุงุชุญุฑูƒ ู…ุดูŠุช ูˆู‚ูุช ุฎู„ุงุต ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ voluntary
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:08:30,490 --> 00:08:39,290
391
+ movement ุงู†ุง ุจุชุญูƒู… ููŠู‡ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุงุช the
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:08:39,290 --> 00:08:43,990
395
+ anterior horn cells ููŠ ุงู„ spinal cord ููŠ anterior
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:08:43,990 --> 00:08:48,820
399
+ horn cellsู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ anterior horn cells ุงู„ู€ main
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:08:48,820 --> 00:08:53,940
403
+ function ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ุง motor main function ู„ู‡ุง motor ุงู„ู€
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:08:53,940 --> 00:08:57,900
407
+ anterior horn cells consist of motor cells ูŠุจู‚ู‰
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:08:57,900 --> 00:09:02,360
411
+ ููŠู‡ุง ุฃูŠู‡ุŸ motor cells ุงู„ู€ anterior horn cells
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:09:02,360 --> 00:09:09,840
415
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠู‡ุง medial group nuclei central group
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:09:09,840 --> 00:09:16,670
419
+ nucleiand lateral group nuclei ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:09:16,670 --> 00:09:21,370
423
+ ุงู„ู‡ูˆุฑูˆู† ุณูŠู„ุฒ ููŠู‡ุง ูƒุงู… ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู„ูŠ ุฌุฑูˆุจ
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:09:21,370 --> 00:09:29,390
427
+ central group and lateral group ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู„ูŠ
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:09:29,390 --> 00:09:35,890
431
+ ุฌุฑูˆุจ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู„ูŠ ุฌุฑูˆุจ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ูƒู„ spinal cordุฃุถุงุก
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:09:35,890 --> 00:09:39,630
435
+ ุงู„ mediary group ููŠ ุงู„ thoracic segment ุจู†ุฌุณู…ู‡
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:09:39,630 --> 00:09:45,150
439
+ ู„ventromedial and dorsomedial ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู†
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:09:45,150 --> 00:09:51,630
443
+ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ trunk supply the muscle of trunk ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ููŠ
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:09:51,630 --> 00:09:57,010
447
+ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงูŠู‡ ู„ู„ trunkุŸ Central group ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:09:57,010 --> 00:10:04,330
451
+ ุงู„ upper cervical part ููŠ C1 ูˆ C4ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:10:04,330 --> 00:10:10,090
455
+ ุจูŠุนุทูˆุง fibers ู„ู€ pharynx nerve ูˆ spinal accessory
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:10:10,090 --> 00:10:14,010
459
+ nerve ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ุฐูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู† pharynx nerve
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:10:14,010 --> 00:10:18,870
463
+ ู„ุฏูŠ ุฃูุฑุงุฏ ูˆ spinal accessory nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุบุฏู‰
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:10:18,870 --> 00:10:24,070
467
+ trapezius muscle and sternocleidomastoid muscle
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:10:24,070 --> 00:10:30,320
471
+ lateral groupู…ู† ุฌุณู… ุงู„ู€Ventral Lateral ูˆDorsal
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:10:30,320 --> 00:10:33,940
475
+ Lateral ู‡ุฐูŠู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ lower cervical ููŠ ุงู„
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:10:33,940 --> 00:10:39,560
479
+ lumber ููŠ ุงู„ upper segment of sacral ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู†
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:10:39,560 --> 00:10:46,720
483
+ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู† ุงู„ upper ูˆ lower limb muscle ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ medial
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:10:46,720 --> 00:10:50,200
487
+ group muscle ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ trunk ูˆ ุงู„ abdominal
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:10:50,200 --> 00:10:55,630
491
+ muscleCentral group ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† Pharynx ุฃูˆ
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:10:55,630 --> 00:10:59,010
495
+ Diaphragmatic nerve ูˆ Spinal accessory nerve
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:10:59,010 --> 00:11:03,010
499
+ ุจูŠุบุฏูˆุง ุงู„ Diaphragm ูˆ Trapezius muscle ูˆ
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:11:03,010 --> 00:11:08,870
503
+ Sternocleidomastoid muscle ูˆ Lateral group ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู†
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:11:08,870 --> 00:11:13,910
507
+ ุฌุณู…ู‡ ู„ูŠู‡ ุฌุณู…ูŠู† Dorsolateral ูˆ Ventrolateral ู‡ุฐูˆู„
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:11:13,910 --> 00:11:17,270
511
+ ุจูŠุบุฏูˆู† ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ุงู„ Upper ูˆ Lower limb muscles
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:11:19,990 --> 00:11:24,530
515
+ rule the spinal cord in motor function ุงูŠุด ูˆุธูŠูุฉ
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:11:24,530 --> 00:11:27,530
519
+ ุงู„ spinal cord ุงูŠุด ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ anterior horn
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:11:27,530 --> 00:11:35,090
523
+ cells ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ spinal cord ููŠ motor neurons
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:11:35,090 --> 00:11:38,970
527
+ ูˆูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุงู„ motor neurons ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:11:38,970 --> 00:11:44,250
531
+ anterior horn cells ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ main function of the
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:11:44,250 --> 00:11:52,040
535
+ anterior horn cells is motor functionููŠ ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ู…ู†
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:11:52,040 --> 00:11:58,460
539
+ ุงู„ู€ neurons ููŠ Alpha Motoneuron ูˆููŠ Gamma
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:11:58,460 --> 00:12:05,510
543
+ Motoneuron Alpha Motoneuronit is large type ูŠุนู†ูŠ
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:12:05,510 --> 00:12:10,190
547
+ give rise to large type a alpha motoneuron fibers
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:12:10,190 --> 00:12:15,330
551
+ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู† stimulation of the muscle fibers
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:12:15,330 --> 00:12:20,430
555
+ ูŠุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ alpha motoneuron ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:12:20,430 --> 00:12:25,110
559
+ large type a alpha ูˆุจูŠุบุฏุฆู†ุง ูˆู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู†
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:12:25,110 --> 00:12:30,380
563
+ stimulation of muscle fibers ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠGamma
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:12:30,380 --> 00:12:35,820
567
+ Motoneuron Gamma Motoneuron ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:12:35,820 --> 00:12:43,040
571
+ small of type A Gamma ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… control the muscle
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:12:43,040 --> 00:12:46,040
575
+ tone ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ small fibers ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:12:46,040 --> 00:12:51,240
579
+ regulation of muscle tone ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ large fibers ุงู„ู„ูŠ
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:12:51,240 --> 00:12:56,300
583
+ ุจูŠุฌูˆุง ู…ู† Alpha Motoneuron ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจ stimulation
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:12:56,300 --> 00:13:01,660
587
+ of muscle fibersูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃูˆู„ ู†ูˆุน ู…ูˆุชูˆ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู†ุฒ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู†
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:13:01,660 --> 00:13:08,660
591
+ ููŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ ู‡ูˆุฑ ุณูŠู„ุฒุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ Inter neurons
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:13:08,660 --> 00:13:15,400
595
+ Inter neurons ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… Intermediate Intermediate
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:13:15,400 --> 00:13:19,480
599
+ neurons ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ Inter neurons ุงูˆ ุงู„ Intermediate
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:13:19,480 --> 00:13:24,520
603
+ neurons ูˆู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† between the sensory
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:13:24,520 --> 00:13:28,740
607
+ neurons and motor ุจูŠู† ุงู„ sensory ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูˆุชุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:13:28,740 --> 00:13:36,220
611
+ ุจู„ุบุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุจูŠู†ุจุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู‡ูˆุฑ ุณูŠู„ุฒ ูˆุงู†ุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:13:36,220 --> 00:13:40,940
615
+ ู‡ูˆุฑ ุณูŠู„ุฒ ู…ุงู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠุฉ ู„ู‡ู…ุŸ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:13:40,940 --> 00:13:45,820
619
+ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠุฉ ุฑูู„ูŠูƒุณ ุณูŠู†ุชุฑ ู…ุซู„ู…ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุงู†ุชุฑ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงุช
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:13:45,820 --> 00:13:49,640
623
+ ุงูŠุฑูŠุง ูˆูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุจูŠู† ุงู„ูู†ุชุฑุงู„ ูˆ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุณู„ ู‡ูˆุฑุณ ุงูˆ
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:13:49,640 --> 00:13:54,400
627
+ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุงู†ุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ุจุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู‡ูˆุฑุณ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:13:55,560 --> 00:13:59,920
631
+ Excitatory for Integrative Function of the Spinal
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:13:59,920 --> 00:14:05,380
635
+ Cord ูŠุนุชุจุฑู‡ Integrative Function ุฃูˆ Reflex Center
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:14:05,380 --> 00:14:07,480
639
+ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… Reflex Center
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:14:26,330 --> 00:14:29,810
643
+ ุจุงู„ motor fibers ุชุนู…ู„ contraction of the muscle
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:14:29,810 --> 00:14:34,750
647
+ ูˆุจูŠุญุธู ุนู†ู‡ุง reflex ู„ุงุฒู…
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:14:34,750 --> 00:14:39,630
651
+ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุดูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ pyramidal attract ุงูŠุด ู‡ูˆ
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:14:39,630 --> 00:14:44,930
655
+ pyramidal attractุŸ pyramidal attract contains
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:14:44,930 --> 00:14:50,710
659
+ about one million nerve fibers ููŠ one million
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:14:50,710 --> 00:14:57,430
663
+ nerve fibersit is the longest nerve fibers in the
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:14:57,430 --> 00:15:02,750
667
+ body ูˆ ุฃุทูˆู„ nerve fibers ุฃูˆ ุฃุทูˆู„ tract ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ู‡ูˆ
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:15:02,750 --> 00:15:07,490
671
+ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠ ุฏู‡ ุงู„ tract ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุจุจุฏุฃุŸ ุงู„ origin
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:15:07,490 --> 00:15:12,560
675
+ ุจุชุงุนู‡ ุจุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุจุช ุงู„ cellsู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:15:12,560 --> 00:15:17,160
679
+ internal pyramidal layer ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃูŠ ุทุจู‚ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุทุจู‚ุฉ
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:15:17,160 --> 00:15:21,420
683
+ ุงู„ุฎุงู…ุณุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ cortex ููŠ ุงู„ internal pyramidal
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:15:21,420 --> 00:15:25,240
687
+ layer ู…ู† ุงูŠุด ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ cortex ููŠ ุงู„histology ุจุชูƒูˆู†
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:15:25,240 --> 00:15:31,300
691
+ ู…ู† six layers ุงูˆู„ layer molecular layer ุซุงู†ูŠ layer
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:15:31,300 --> 00:15:38,020
695
+ external granular layer ุซุงู„ุซExternal Pyramidal
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:15:38,020 --> 00:15:44,240
699
+ Layer ุฑุงุจุน Internal Granular Layer ุฎุงู…ุณ Ganglionic
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:15:44,240 --> 00:15:48,400
703
+ Layers ุฃูˆ Internal Pyramidal Layer ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Internal
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:15:48,400 --> 00:15:53,260
707
+ Pyramidal Layer ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ุจุซุณู„ุฒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ุงูˆ
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:15:53,260 --> 00:15:57,660
711
+ ู‡ู… ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ Pyramidal Retract ูˆุขุฎุฑ ุดูŠ
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:15:57,660 --> 00:16:02,920
715
+ Multiform Layers ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ layers ู‡ู… layers of
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:16:02,920 --> 00:16:04,560
719
+ cerebral cortex
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:16:07,390 --> 00:16:11,550
723
+ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู„ู…ุง ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ cortex ุณุฑุงุญุชู„ูƒู…
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:16:11,550 --> 00:16:20,590
727
+ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ ููŠ
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:16:20,590 --> 00:16:32,450
731
+ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ุฃูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ูƒุฐุง ุงู„ุฑุฃุณ ุชุญุช ุงู„
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:16:32,450 --> 00:16:38,360
735
+ upper limbs ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุตุฑ ูˆุงู„ lower limbs ููˆู‚ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:16:38,360 --> 00:16:42,440
739
+ upper one third ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ lower limbs ููŠ ุงู„ middle
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:16:42,440 --> 00:16:47,740
743
+ one third ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ upper limbs ูˆ ุงู„ trunk ููŠ ุงู„
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:16:47,740 --> 00:16:55,810
747
+ lower one third ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ head ูˆ ุงู„ neckู‡ุฐุง ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:16:55,810 --> 00:17:00,210
751
+ somatotopy cortical somatotopy ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุฃุฌุงู„
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:17:00,210 --> 00:17:05,010
755
+ ุงู„ุชูŠูˆู…ุบ ููŠ ุงู„ upper part ุจูŠุญุฏุซ weakness ููŠ ุงู„
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:17:05,010 --> 00:17:08,370
759
+ opposite lower limb ููŠ ุงู„ middle ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ upper limb
760
+
761
+ 191
762
+ 00:17:08,370 --> 00:17:12,170
763
+ ููŠ ุงู„ lower part ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ face ูˆ ุงู„ head okay
764
+
765
+ 192
766
+ 00:17:12,170 --> 00:17:19,460
767
+ ู…ู„ุงุญุธูŠู† ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ sensory area ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ motor areaูˆูŠู† ุงู„
768
+
769
+ 193
770
+ 00:17:19,460 --> 00:17:23,200
771
+ lower limbsุŸ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ููˆู‚ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุจูŠุฌูŠู‡ุด ุงู„ upper limbs
772
+
773
+ 194
774
+ 00:17:23,200 --> 00:17:26,540
775
+ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุจูŠุฌูŠู‡ ุงู„ head ูˆ ุงู„ neck ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ sensor ู†ูุณ
776
+
777
+ 195
778
+ 00:17:26,540 --> 00:17:30,960
779
+ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ููŠ ุงู„ motor ู‡ู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ upper limb ู‡ู†ุง lower
780
+
781
+ 196
782
+ 00:17:30,960 --> 00:17:34,360
783
+ limb ุจุชูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ upper part ููŠ ุงู„ middle part ุงู„
784
+
785
+ 197
786
+ 00:17:34,360 --> 00:17:37,040
787
+ upper limbs ูˆ ุงู„ head ููŠ ุงู„ lower part ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ
788
+
789
+ 198
790
+ 00:17:37,040 --> 00:17:40,920
791
+ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ face ู‡ูŠ ู‡ู… ู‡ู†ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ
792
+
793
+ 199
794
+ 00:17:40,920 --> 00:17:48,420
795
+ lower limbs upper limbs ูˆ trunk ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ head ูˆ ุงู„
796
+
797
+ 200
798
+ 00:17:48,420 --> 00:17:56,560
799
+ faceู‡ูƒุฐุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ cerebral cortex
800
+
801
+ 201
802
+ 00:17:56,560 --> 00:18:05,220
803
+ ุงู„ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠ
804
+
805
+ 202
806
+ 00:18:05,220 --> 00:18:12,260
807
+ ุฏู‡ ุงู„ tract ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠ ุฏู‡ ุงู„ tract ู†ุฑุณู…ู‡ ู‡ู†ุง ู†ุฎุทุทู‡ ู…ุน
808
+
809
+ 203
810
+ 00:18:12,260 --> 00:18:12,620
811
+ ุจุนุถ
812
+
813
+ 204
814
+ 00:18:19,940 --> 00:18:28,040
815
+ ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„
816
+
817
+ 205
818
+ 00:18:28,040 --> 00:18:31,680
819
+ track
820
+
821
+ 206
822
+ 00:18:31,680 --> 00:18:35,480
823
+ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„
824
+
825
+ 207
826
+ 00:18:35,480 --> 00:18:43,440
827
+ track ู…ู† ุงู„ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ุงูˆู„
828
+
829
+ 208
830
+ 00:18:43,440 --> 00:18:49,180
831
+ ู‚ุณู… ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ cortico spinal
832
+
833
+ 209
834
+ 00:18:52,560 --> 00:19:00,180
835
+ ุงู„ู‚ุณู… ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ
836
+
837
+ 210
838
+ 00:19:00,180 --> 00:19:09,200
839
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ุชุฑุงูƒุช ุงูˆ ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ ุจุงู„ุจุฑ
840
+
841
+ 211
842
+ 00:19:17,420 --> 00:19:21,860
843
+ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ spinal tract ูˆุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ
844
+
845
+ 212
846
+ 00:19:21,860 --> 00:19:24,200
847
+ ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ุฃูˆ ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ ุจู„ุจุฑ
848
+
849
+ 213
850
+ 00:19:35,420 --> 00:19:41,380
851
+ ุงู„ู€ Corticonuclear tract ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ูˆ Corticospinal
852
+
853
+ 214
854
+ 00:19:41,380 --> 00:19:47,400
855
+ tract ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ู…ู† ุงุณู…ู‡ Corticonuclear tract
856
+
857
+ 215
858
+ 00:19:47,400 --> 00:19:51,420
859
+ Corticonuclear tract ุงูŠู‡ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงูŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ
860
+
861
+ 216
862
+ 00:19:51,420 --> 00:20:01,180
863
+ Corticonuclear tractุŸ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง fibers ู„ู…ู†ุŸ ู„ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ
864
+
865
+ 217
866
+ 00:20:02,580 --> 00:20:11,160
867
+ ู‡ูˆ cells in the spinal cord ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุง ู†ุณู…ูˆ Cortico-H
868
+
869
+ 218
870
+ 00:20:11,160 --> 00:20:14,820
871
+ spinal ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ cortex ูˆ ุจู†ุชู‡ูŠ ูˆูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„
872
+
873
+ 219
874
+ 00:20:14,820 --> 00:20:21,840
875
+ spinal ุทุจ ูˆ Cortico ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง fibers ู„ู…ู†ุŸ
876
+
877
+ 220
878
+ 00:20:21,840 --> 00:20:28,040
879
+ to motor nuclei
880
+
881
+ 221
882
+ 00:20:28,040 --> 00:20:31,760
883
+ in the brain stem
884
+
885
+ 222
886
+ 00:20:35,500 --> 00:20:47,520
887
+ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ of cranial nerve of cranial
888
+
889
+ 223
890
+ 00:20:47,520 --> 00:20:52,340
891
+ nerve in
892
+
893
+ 224
894
+ 00:20:52,340 --> 00:21:00,060
895
+ the brain ุงู„ุณู… ุชู…ุงู…
896
+
897
+ 225
898
+ 00:21:04,430 --> 00:21:14,250
899
+ Corticospinal tract ุชู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† Lateral
900
+
901
+ 226
902
+ 00:21:14,250 --> 00:21:17,970
903
+ Corticospinal
904
+
905
+ 227
906
+ 00:21:17,970 --> 00:21:25,810
907
+ tract ูˆ Ventral Corticospinal
908
+
909
+ 228
910
+ 00:21:25,810 --> 00:21:26,470
911
+ tract
912
+
913
+ 229
914
+ 00:21:30,280 --> 00:21:34,280
915
+ ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู‚ุณู… ุงู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† lateral corticospinal tract and
916
+
917
+ 230
918
+ 00:21:34,280 --> 00:21:37,540
919
+ ventral corticospinal tract lateral corticospinal
920
+
921
+ 231
922
+ 00:21:37,540 --> 00:21:43,300
923
+ tract supply supply
924
+
925
+ 232
926
+ 00:21:43,300 --> 00:21:52,420
927
+ the upper limbs and lower limbs ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ ventral
928
+
929
+ 233
930
+ 00:21:52,420 --> 00:21:57,500
931
+ corticospinal tract supply ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
932
+
933
+ 234
934
+ 00:22:04,260 --> 00:22:09,520
935
+ trunk and abdominal
936
+
937
+ 235
938
+ 00:22:09,520 --> 00:22:14,980
939
+ muscle ูŠุจู‚ู‰
940
+
941
+ 236
942
+ 00:22:14,980 --> 00:22:19,620
943
+ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ ventral tract ุฃูˆ ventral
944
+
945
+ 237
946
+ 00:22:19,620 --> 00:22:21,880
947
+ corticospinal tract ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุณุคูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ respiratory
948
+
949
+ 238
950
+ 00:22:21,880 --> 00:22:25,640
951
+ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ respiratory muscle ู‚ุงู„ cortico
952
+
953
+ 239
954
+ 00:22:28,610 --> 00:22:31,350
955
+ Bulbar tract ุฑุงุญ ูŠู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ .. ุงูˆ corticonuclear
956
+
957
+ 240
958
+ 00:22:31,350 --> 00:22:36,590
959
+ tract ุฑุงุญ ูŠู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู‚ุณู…
960
+
961
+ 241
962
+ 00:22:36,590 --> 00:22:43,930
963
+ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุงุณู…ู‡ lateral ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก corticonuclear tract
964
+
965
+ 242
966
+ 00:22:43,930 --> 00:22:50,030
967
+ ูˆุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ medial corticonuclear
968
+
969
+ 243
970
+ 00:22:50,030 --> 00:22:56,630
971
+ tract ุงู„ medial corticonuclear tract ุณู‡ู„ supply
972
+
973
+ 244
974
+ 00:22:59,180 --> 00:23:07,700
975
+ ุฃูˆ give fibers to
976
+
977
+ 245
978
+ 00:23:07,700 --> 00:23:20,300
979
+ ocular nuclei ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ูˆุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ูˆุงู„ุณุงุฏุณ
980
+
981
+ 246
982
+ 00:23:20,300 --> 00:23:22,560
983
+ from
984
+
985
+ 247
986
+ 00:23:26,510 --> 00:23:31,150
987
+ both cerebral hemisphere ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ media ุงู„ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ
988
+
989
+ 248
990
+ 00:23:31,150 --> 00:23:33,990
991
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ุชุฑูŠุงูƒุช ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ุงู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ุณุงุนุฉ ุงู„ ุงูˆูƒู„ุงู…ูˆุชุฑ
992
+
993
+ 249
994
+ 00:23:33,990 --> 00:23:37,310
995
+ ูˆ ุชุฑูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ูˆ ุงู„ุงุจุฏูˆุณู†ุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ both side ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู„ู‰
996
+
997
+ 250
998
+ 00:23:37,310 --> 00:23:39,450
999
+ ุงู„ right ูˆ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ left ูˆ ุงู„ left ุจูŠุนุทูŠ right left
1000
+
1001
+ 251
1002
+ 00:23:39,450 --> 00:23:42,630
1003
+ ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ of ุงูˆูƒู„ุงู…ูˆุชุฑ ุชุฑูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ูˆ
1004
+
1005
+ 252
1006
+ 00:23:42,630 --> 00:23:46,110
1007
+ ุงู„ุงุจุฏูˆุณู†ุช ุจูŠุงุฎุฏู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ both cerebral hemisphere ุทุจ
1008
+
1009
+ 253
1010
+ 00:23:46,110 --> 00:23:52,590
1011
+ ุงู„ lateral ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ุชุฑูŠุงูƒุช ุจูŠุนุทูŠ
1012
+
1013
+ 254
1014
+ 00:23:52,590 --> 00:23:53,750
1015
+ ู„ุงู„ู…ูˆุชุฑ
1016
+
1017
+ 255
1018
+ 00:23:55,610 --> 00:24:04,570
1019
+ Nuclei of Trigeminal
1020
+
1021
+ 256
1022
+ 00:24:04,570 --> 00:24:09,750
1023
+ nerve Dorsal
1024
+
1025
+ 257
1026
+ 00:24:09,750 --> 00:24:17,170
1027
+ facial nerve Glucopharyngeal,
1028
+
1029
+ 258
1030
+ 00:24:17,770 --> 00:24:22,490
1031
+ vagus ูˆ cranial accessory ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู…ุจูŠุบุงุณ
1032
+
1033
+ 259
1034
+ 00:24:22,490 --> 00:24:23,010
1035
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
1036
+
1037
+ 260
1038
+ 00:24:29,020 --> 00:24:36,020
1039
+ cranial accessory from both cerebral hemisphere
1040
+
1041
+ 261
1042
+ 00:24:36,020 --> 00:24:46,500
1043
+ and ูˆุจูŠุนุทูŠ ูƒู…ุงู† two ventral nucleus
1044
+
1045
+ 262
1046
+ 00:24:46,500 --> 00:24:55,440
1047
+ of facial nerve ูุงุตู„ุฉ ูˆhypoglossal nerve
1048
+
1049
+ 263
1050
+ 00:24:55,440 --> 00:24:57,680
1051
+ hypoglossal nucleus
1052
+
1053
+ 264
1054
+ 00:25:01,760 --> 00:25:07,360
1055
+ only from opposite side
1056
+
1057
+ 265
1058
+ 00:25:12,120 --> 00:25:17,500
1059
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุดุฑุญู†ุง ู„ูƒู… ู…ุฎุทุท ุจุชุงุน ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ ุฅุชุฑุงูƒุช ุดุฑุญู†ุง
1060
+
1061
+ 266
1062
+ 00:25:17,500 --> 00:25:21,220
1063
+ ู„ูƒู… ู…ุฎุทุท ุจุชุงุน ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ ุฅุชุฑุงูƒุช ู‡ู†ุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุจุณ ู…ุด ูˆุงุถุญ
1064
+
1065
+ 267
1066
+ 00:25:21,220 --> 00:25:24,900
1067
+ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุฑู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุตูˆุฑุชู„ูƒูˆุง ุฅูŠุงู‡ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุฑุณู…ู†ุง
1068
+
1069
+ 268
1070
+ 00:25:24,900 --> 00:25:28,620
1071
+ ู„ูƒูˆุง ุฅูŠุงู‡ุง ูˆุฎุทุทุชูˆุง ู„ูƒู… ุงู„ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ ุฅุชุฑุงูƒุช ุจู†ู‚ุณู…
1072
+
1073
+ 269
1074
+ 00:25:28,620 --> 00:25:34,140
1075
+ ู„ุฌุฒุฆูŠู† ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ corticospinal tractูˆุฌุฒุก ุซุงู†ูŠ
1076
+
1077
+ 270
1078
+ 00:25:34,140 --> 00:25:36,600
1079
+ Corticobulbar ุงูˆ Corticonuclear tract
1080
+
1081
+ 271
1082
+ 00:25:36,600 --> 00:25:39,740
1083
+ Corticospinal tract ูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒูˆุฑุชูƒุณ ูˆูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ ููŠ
1084
+
1085
+ 272
1086
+ 00:25:39,740 --> 00:25:44,060
1087
+ spinal cord ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุนุทูŠ fibers ู„ู„ุงู†ุชุฑุงู„ ูˆุญุณู„ ููŠ
1088
+
1089
+ 273
1090
+ 00:25:44,060 --> 00:25:49,540
1091
+ spinal cord ูˆ Corticobulbar tract ุจูŠุนุทูŠ fibers to
1092
+
1093
+ 274
1094
+ 00:25:49,540 --> 00:25:53,760
1095
+ motor nuclei of the cranial nerves in the brain
1096
+
1097
+ 275
1098
+ 00:25:53,760 --> 00:25:58,860
1099
+ stem in the brain stem okay Corticospinal tract
1100
+
1101
+ 276
1102
+ 00:25:58,860 --> 00:26:05,610
1103
+ ุจู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู†Lateral corticospinal tract ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„
1104
+
1105
+ 277
1106
+ 00:26:05,610 --> 00:26:11,190
1107
+ lateral column of spinal cord ูˆ ุจูŠุบุถูŠ ุงู„ upper ูˆ
1108
+
1109
+ 278
1110
+ 00:26:11,190 --> 00:26:16,070
1111
+ lower limbsูˆventral corticospinal tract supply
1112
+
1113
+ 279
1114
+ 00:26:16,070 --> 00:26:21,730
1115
+ trunk and abdominal muscle ุจู…ุงุฑ ูˆูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ventral
1116
+
1117
+ 280
1118
+ 00:26:21,730 --> 00:26:25,870
1119
+ column of spinal cord ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู„ Corticobulbar tract
1120
+
1121
+ 281
1122
+ 00:26:25,870 --> 00:26:31,490
1123
+ ุจู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† lateral corticonuclear tract and
1124
+
1125
+ 282
1126
+ 00:26:31,490 --> 00:26:36,270
1127
+ medial corticonuclear tract ุงู„ medial
1128
+
1129
+ 283
1130
+ 00:26:36,270 --> 00:26:37,810
1131
+ corticonuclear tract
1132
+
1133
+ 284
1134
+ 00:26:47,600 --> 00:26:50,800
1135
+ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑุงุช ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ู… ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุจุฑู‡ูŠู† ุงู„ุณู… ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
1136
+
1137
+ 285
1138
+ 00:26:50,800 --> 00:26:53,640
1139
+ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง
1140
+
1141
+ 286
1142
+ 00:26:53,640 --> 00:26:55,860
1143
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงูˆ
1144
+
1145
+ 287
1146
+ 00:26:55,860 --> 00:26:57,280
1147
+ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
1148
+
1149
+ 288
1150
+ 00:26:57,280 --> 00:26:58,920
1151
+ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง
1152
+
1153
+ 289
1154
+ 00:26:58,920 --> 00:27:04,480
1155
+ ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง
1156
+
1157
+ 290
1158
+ 00:27:04,480 --> 00:27:05,610
1159
+ ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูˆุงู„ู€
1160
+
1161
+ 291
1162
+ 00:27:05,610 --> 00:27:09,190
1163
+ left ุจูŠู‚ูˆุท left ูˆ ุจูŠู‚ูˆุท right ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ nucleus
1164
+
1165
+ 292
1166
+ 00:27:09,190 --> 00:27:14,030
1167
+ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ motor nuclei of the ocular nerve received
1168
+
1169
+ 293
1170
+ 00:27:14,030 --> 00:27:17,950
1171
+ fibers from the corticonuclear tract ุฃูŠู‡ ูˆุงุญุฏ
1172
+
1173
+ 294
1174
+ 00:27:17,950 --> 00:27:22,530
1175
+ ููŠู‡ู…ุŸ from the medial corticonuclear tract from
1176
+
1177
+ 295
1178
+ 00:27:22,530 --> 00:27:27,020
1179
+ both cerebral hemispheresู†ุฌูŠ ู„ู€ lateral
1180
+
1181
+ 296
1182
+ 00:27:27,020 --> 00:27:31,700
1183
+ corticonuclear tract give motor fibers ู„ู…ู†ุŸ
1184
+
1185
+ 297
1186
+ 00:27:31,700 --> 00:27:37,140
1187
+ ู„ู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ of the cranial nerves ู…ู† ู‡ู…ุง ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ
1188
+
1189
+ 298
1190
+ 00:27:37,140 --> 00:27:41,140
1191
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู€ trigeminal nerve ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู€
1192
+
1193
+ 299
1194
+ 00:27:41,140 --> 00:27:45,820
1195
+ dorsal nucleus ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ู€ facial nerve ุฃู…ุจูŠุบุงุณ
1196
+
1197
+ 300
1198
+ 00:27:45,820 --> 00:27:49,040
1199
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ glossopharyngeal ูˆ Vegas ูˆ
1200
+
1201
+ 301
1202
+ 00:27:49,040 --> 00:27:53,000
1203
+ cranial accessoryfrom both cerebral and cerebral
1204
+
1205
+ 302
1206
+ 00:27:53,000 --> 00:27:56,220
1207
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ right lateral ุจูŠุนุทูŠ right left right left
1208
+
1209
+ 303
1210
+ 00:27:56,220 --> 00:28:02,260
1211
+ ุทูŠุจ ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุงู†ู‡ ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ูƒู…ุงู† ventral nucleus of facial
1212
+
1213
+ 304
1214
+ 00:28:02,260 --> 00:28:07,300
1215
+ nerve ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ lower quadrant of the face
1216
+
1217
+ 305
1218
+ 00:28:08,160 --> 00:28:10,640
1219
+ ูˆุจูŠุนุชุจุฑู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ hypoglossal nucleus ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ู€
1220
+
1221
+ 306
1222
+ 00:28:10,640 --> 00:28:15,880
1223
+ hypoglossal nerve only from up this side ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„
1224
+
1225
+ 307
1226
+ 00:28:15,880 --> 00:28:19,740
1227
+ ventral nucleus ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ facial nerve ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„
1228
+
1229
+ 308
1230
+ 00:28:19,740 --> 00:28:24,810
1231
+ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู†ูˆุงู„ู€ hypoglossal nucleus ุจุชุงุนุช ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ
1232
+
1233
+ 309
1234
+ 00:28:24,810 --> 00:28:31,030
1235
+ ุนุดุฑ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุจุณ ุชุงุฎุฏ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ left lateral
1236
+
1237
+ 310
1238
+ 00:28:31,030 --> 00:28:34,490
1239
+ corticonuclear ุชุงุฎุฏุด ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ both cerebral ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1240
+
1241
+ 311
1242
+ 00:28:34,490 --> 00:28:37,970
1243
+ ู…ุตูŠุฑุŒ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ one sideุŒ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ one
1244
+
1245
+ 312
1246
+ 00:28:37,970 --> 00:28:38,610
1247
+ side
1248
+
1249
+ 313
1250
+ 00:28:42,830 --> 00:28:46,430
1251
+ ู‡ูŠูˆ ุงู„ pyramidal tract ุงู„ุขู† ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃุณู‡ู„ ู„ูƒู… ุงู„
1252
+
1253
+ 314
1254
+ 00:28:46,430 --> 00:28:53,150
1255
+ pyramidal tract is a bundle of motoneur fibers it
1256
+
1257
+ 315
1258
+ 00:28:53,150 --> 00:28:57,370
1259
+ begins in the cerebral cortex ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„
1260
+
1261
+ 316
1262
+ 00:28:57,370 --> 00:29:01,190
1263
+ cerebral cortex ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุณู…ูˆู‡ corticospinal
1264
+
1265
+ 317
1266
+ 00:29:01,190 --> 00:29:05,130
1267
+ corticobulbar ุงูˆ corticonuclear ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
1268
+
1269
+ 318
1270
+ 00:29:05,130 --> 00:29:09,810
1271
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ cortex ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ cortex ูˆุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠIt
1272
+
1273
+ 319
1274
+ 00:29:09,810 --> 00:29:19,370
1275
+ ends in anterior horn cells of spinal cord ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ
1276
+
1277
+ 320
1278
+ 00:29:19,370 --> 00:29:22,730
1279
+ ุณุจุงูŠู†ุงู„ ุชุฑูƒุช
1280
+
1281
+ 321
1282
+ 00:29:25,430 --> 00:29:30,690
1283
+ ูˆุฎู„ุต ููŠ ุงู„ motor nuclei of the cranial nerves in
1284
+
1285
+ 322
1286
+ 00:29:30,690 --> 00:29:35,670
1287
+ the brainstem ุงุณู…ู‡ corticonuclear ุงูˆ corticobulbar
1288
+
1289
+ 323
1290
+ 00:29:35,670 --> 00:29:40,670
1291
+ retract ูŠุจู‚ู‰ cortico ุงูˆ ุงู„ุจุฑุงู…ุฌ ุงู„ retract ู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ูƒ
1292
+
1293
+ 324
1294
+ 00:29:40,670 --> 00:29:46,120
1295
+ ุงุณู…ูŠู†Corticospinal tract and Corticonuclear tract
1296
+
1297
+ 325
1298
+ 00:29:46,120 --> 00:29:51,340
1299
+ Corticospinal tract ุจู†ู‚ุณู… ู…ู† ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ุญุณุจ ูˆูŠู† ู…ุฑ ุฅู„ู‰
1300
+
1301
+ 326
1302
+ 00:29:51,340 --> 00:29:55,360
1303
+ lateral corticospinal tract ุจู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ lateral
1304
+
1305
+ 327
1306
+ 00:29:55,360 --> 00:29:59,500
1307
+ column of spinal cord and ventral ุงูˆ anterior
1308
+
1309
+ 328
1310
+ 00:29:59,500 --> 00:30:04,160
1311
+ corticospinal tract ุจู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ ventral column of
1312
+
1313
+ 329
1314
+ 00:30:04,160 --> 00:30:09,040
1315
+ spinal cord ุงู…ุง corticonuclear tract ุฑุงุญ ู†ู…ุฑ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
1316
+
1317
+ 330
1318
+ 00:30:09,760 --> 00:30:16,020
1319
+ ู„ู„ุจุฑุงูŠู† ุงุณุชู…ุฑูˆุง ูˆูŠู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ู„ lateral and medial
1320
+
1321
+ 331
1322
+ 00:30:16,020 --> 00:30:22,620
1323
+ corticonuclear tract ุงู„ุงู† ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุดูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ upper
1324
+
1325
+ 332
1326
+ 00:30:22,620 --> 00:30:28,020
1327
+ motoneuron ุณู…ุนุช ููŠู‡ ุงู„ upper motoneuron system ุงู„
1328
+
1329
+ 333
1330
+ 00:30:28,020 --> 00:30:31,700
1331
+ upper motoneuron system ู‡ุฐุง ุงุญู†ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
1332
+
1333
+ 334
1334
+ 00:30:31,700 --> 00:30:34,380
1335
+ corticospinal tract ุงูˆ corticonuclear tract ูŠุนู†ูŠ
1336
+
1337
+ 335
1338
+ 00:30:34,380 --> 00:30:39,000
1339
+ ุงู„ corticospinal tractูˆ corticonuclear tract ุฅุฐุง
1340
+
1341
+ 336
1342
+ 00:30:39,000 --> 00:30:42,480
1343
+ ุญุฏุซ ููŠู‡ู… ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ upper motor neuron lesion
1344
+
1345
+ 337
1346
+ 00:30:42,480 --> 00:30:47,400
1347
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ damage of corticospinal tract or
1348
+
1349
+ 338
1350
+ 00:30:47,400 --> 00:30:52,940
1351
+ corticonuclear tract leads to upper motor neuron
1352
+
1353
+ 339
1354
+ 00:30:52,940 --> 00:30:56,980
1355
+ lesion ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠุนุฑูู†ุง ุงู„ damage ุฃูˆ ุฃูŠ ุชุบูŠุฑ ุฃูˆ ุฃูŠ ู…ุฑุถ
1356
+
1357
+ 340
1358
+ 00:30:56,980 --> 00:31:00,260
1359
+ ุจูŠุตูŠุจ ุงู„ corticospinal tract ุฃูˆ corticonuclear
1360
+
1361
+ 341
1362
+ 00:31:00,260 --> 00:31:07,530
1363
+ tract ูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ upper motor neuron lesionูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ูˆ
1364
+
1365
+ 342
1366
+ 00:31:07,530 --> 00:31:11,030
1367
+ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ super spinal lesion ุงูˆ ุงุฐุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
1368
+
1369
+ 343
1370
+ 00:31:11,030 --> 00:31:15,050
1371
+ corticonuclear tract super nuclear lesion ุงูŠุด ุงู„
1372
+
1373
+ 344
1374
+ 00:31:15,050 --> 00:31:18,030
1375
+ function ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุนุจุฑ ู…ูˆุชูˆ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุงู† ูƒุงู†
1376
+
1377
+ 345
1378
+ 00:31:18,030 --> 00:31:23,070
1379
+ corticospinal ุงูˆ corticonuclear ุงูˆู„ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู† ู‡ูŠ
1380
+
1381
+ 346
1382
+ 00:31:23,070 --> 00:31:27,170
1383
+ initiation and control of voluntary motor activity
1384
+
1385
+ 347
1386
+ 00:31:27,170 --> 00:31:36,820
1387
+ ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุงู†ู‡ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุงู†ู‡ ุญุฏุซ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ damage
1388
+
1389
+ 348
1390
+ 00:31:36,820 --> 00:31:41,540
1391
+ of corticospinal tract ุงูˆ corticonuclear tract
1392
+
1393
+ 349
1394
+ 00:31:41,540 --> 00:31:45,760
1395
+ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ paralysis ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุงูŠุดุŸ paralysis ุงูˆ ุดู„ู„
1396
+
1397
+ 350
1398
+ 00:31:47,650 --> 00:31:51,590
1399
+ Inhibition of muscle tone Inhibition of muscle
1400
+
1401
+ 351
1402
+ 00:31:51,590 --> 00:31:55,030
1403
+ tone ู‡ูˆ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ูŠุนู…ู„ Inhibition ู„ู„ muscle tone ููŠ
1404
+
1405
+ 352
1406
+ 00:31:55,030 --> 00:31:58,770
1407
+ ุญุงู„ ุญุฏุซ damage ู„ู„ other motor neuron ุฑุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
1408
+
1409
+ 353
1410
+ 00:31:58,770 --> 00:32:03,990
1411
+ muscle hypertonia muscle hypertonia ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุจูŠุนู…ู„
1412
+
1413
+ 354
1414
+ 00:32:03,990 --> 00:32:07,710
1415
+ Inhibition ู„ู„ deep reflex ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงุญู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ู†ูุญุต
1416
+
1417
+ 355
1418
+ 00:32:07,710 --> 00:32:11,930
1419
+ reflex ู„ู…ุฑูŠุฏ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุงุดุฏ ุนูŠุฏูƒ ุงูˆ ุงู‚ุฏู…ู‡ ู„ู„ุนุดุฑุฉ ุนุดุงู†
1420
+
1421
+ 356
1422
+ 00:32:11,930 --> 00:32:14,150
1423
+ ุฃู„ู… ุงู„ cortex ุงู„ cortex ูŠุนู…ู„ Inhibition ู„ู„ reflex
1424
+
1425
+ 357
1426
+ 00:32:14,150 --> 00:32:18,630
1427
+ ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุญุฏุซุฃุจุฑู…ูˆุชูˆู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ู„ูŠุฌูŠู† ุฑุงุญ ูŠุชุญูˆู„
1428
+
1429
+ 358
1430
+ 00:32:18,630 --> 00:32:22,510
1431
+ ู„hyperreflexiaุŒ hyperreflexiaุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูŠ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ
1432
+
1433
+ 359
1434
+ 00:32:22,510 --> 00:32:26,550
1435
+ ุงู„ุฃุจุฑู…ูˆุชูˆู†ูŠุฑูˆู† initiation and control of voluntary
1436
+
1437
+ 360
1438
+ 00:32:26,550 --> 00:32:30,210
1439
+ motor activity ู‡ูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ุงุชู†ูŠู†ุŒ inhibition of
1440
+
1441
+ 361
1442
+ 00:32:30,210 --> 00:32:35,430
1443
+ muscle toneุŒ ุซู„ุงุซุฉุŒ inhibition of deep reflexes
1444
+
1445
+ 362
1446
+ 00:32:36,940 --> 00:32:42,420
1447
+ ู…ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ path way of the upper motor neurons
1448
+
1449
+ 363
1450
+ 00:32:42,420 --> 00:32:46,460
1451
+ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ ุงูˆ ุงู„ corticospinal tract ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ
1452
+
1453
+ 364
1454
+ 00:32:46,460 --> 00:32:50,340
1455
+ ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุจูŠุช ุงู„ cells ู…ู† ุงู„ area ุฑู‚ู… ุฃุฑุจุน ู…ู† ุงู„
1456
+
1457
+ 365
1458
+ 00:32:50,340 --> 00:32:53,720
1459
+ upper two third of pre central gas ู„ูŠู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุงู† ุงู„
1460
+
1461
+ 366
1462
+ 00:32:53,720 --> 00:32:57,400
1463
+ upper two thirdุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ corticonuclear tract ู…ุชุฌู‡
1464
+
1465
+ 367
1466
+ 00:32:57,400 --> 00:33:02,640
1467
+ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ face ุฑุญ ูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ lower one third ุจุนุฏูƒ ุงู„
1468
+
1469
+ 368
1470
+ 00:33:02,640 --> 00:33:07,850
1471
+ fibers descent ููŠ ุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡ corona radiataุจู…ุฑู‡ ููŠ
1472
+
1473
+ 369
1474
+ 00:33:07,850 --> 00:33:13,190
1475
+ ุงู„ู€ posterior limb of internal capsule ุจุนุฏูƒ ููŠ ุงู„
1476
+
1477
+ 370
1478
+ 00:33:13,190 --> 00:33:19,550
1479
+ midbrain, palms, medulla oblongataุŒ ููŠ lower part
1480
+
1481
+ 371
1482
+ 00:33:19,550 --> 00:33:25,270
1483
+ of medulla oblongataุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ decassation ุงูˆ
1484
+
1485
+ 372
1486
+ 00:33:25,270 --> 00:33:28,390
1487
+ crossing ุงู„ู€ Corticospiral tract ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู†
1488
+
1489
+ 373
1490
+ 00:33:28,390 --> 00:33:32,210
1491
+ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุจูŠุชุฌู‡ ู„ู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ุจูŠุชุฌู‡
1492
+
1493
+ 374
1494
+ 00:33:32,210 --> 00:33:35,670
1495
+ ู„ู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุนู„ุดุงู† ุฃุณุฃู„ูƒ ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู†
1496
+
1497
+ 375
1498
+ 00:33:35,670 --> 00:33:39,230
1499
+ ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ hemoglobin ุจุชูƒูˆู†ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ opposite side ู„ูˆ
1500
+
1501
+ 376
1502
+ 00:33:39,230 --> 00:33:42,330
1503
+ ุญุฏุซ ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ hemoglobin ุจุชูƒูˆู†ุŸ
1504
+
1505
+ 377
1506
+ 00:33:42,330 --> 00:33:46,870
1507
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right side ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„
1508
+
1509
+ 378
1510
+ 00:33:46,870 --> 00:33:50,390
1511
+ decassation ู†ุญุงูˆู„
1512
+
1513
+ 379
1514
+ 00:33:51,260 --> 00:34:05,480
1515
+ ู‡ุฑุณู…ู„ูƒู… ุฅูŠุงู‡ู… ู‡ู†ุง ู‚ุฏ ุงู„ุฅู…ูƒุงู† ู„ู…ุง
1516
+
1517
+ 380
1518
+ 00:34:05,480 --> 00:34:09,140
1519
+ ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุน ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุนู„ู‰ descending tract
1520
+
1521
+ 381
1522
+ 00:34:09,140 --> 00:34:12,320
1523
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ tract ุฑุงุญ ุฃุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ cortex ูˆ ุฃู†ุฒู„
1524
+
1525
+ 382
1526
+ 00:34:12,320 --> 00:34:12,880
1527
+ ู„ู„ู…ุตุฏุฑ
1528
+
1529
+ 383
1530
+ 00:34:31,900 --> 00:34:39,060
1531
+ ู‡ู†ุง area precentral
1532
+
1533
+ 384
1534
+ 00:34:39,060 --> 00:34:44,400
1535
+ gyrus
1536
+
1537
+ 385
1538
+ 00:34:44,400 --> 00:34:51,640
1539
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ area ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ููŠ ู‡ู†ุง
1540
+
1541
+ 386
1542
+ 00:34:56,400 --> 00:35:10,060
1543
+ Internal Capsule ุจุนุฏูŠู†
1544
+
1545
+ 387
1546
+ 00:35:10,060 --> 00:35:10,660
1547
+ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1548
+
1549
+ 388
1550
+ 00:35:25,740 --> 00:35:30,240
1551
+ mid brain bones
1552
+
1553
+ 389
1554
+ 00:35:30,240 --> 00:35:33,260
1555
+ ู…ุฏู„ุฉ
1556
+
1557
+ 390
1558
+ 00:35:33,260 --> 00:35:53,840
1559
+ ุฃุจู„ุบุชู‡ุง ู†ุงุฎุฏ two segments of spinal cord ูˆ
1560
+
1561
+ 391
1562
+ 00:35:53,840 --> 00:35:54,300
1563
+ ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏ
1564
+
1565
+ 392
1566
+ 00:35:58,240 --> 00:36:03,920
1567
+ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ
1568
+
1569
+ 393
1570
+ 00:36:03,920 --> 00:36:07,380
1571
+ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ
1572
+
1573
+ 394
1574
+ 00:36:07,380 --> 00:36:12,380
1575
+ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ
1576
+
1577
+ 395
1578
+ 00:36:12,380 --> 00:36:16,900
1579
+ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ
1580
+
1581
+ 396
1582
+ 00:36:16,900 --> 00:36:16,920
1583
+ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ
1584
+
1585
+ 397
1586
+ 00:36:16,920 --> 00:36:21,920
1587
+ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ
1588
+
1589
+ 398
1590
+ 00:36:21,920 --> 00:36:27,540
1591
+ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตู‡ุฐุง segment of spinal cord ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„
1592
+
1593
+ 399
1594
+ 00:36:27,540 --> 00:36:33,520
1595
+ ู†ุงุฎุฏ c5 segment ู†ุงุฎุฏ ุงู„3 segment
1596
+
1597
+ 400
1598
+ 00:36:57,050 --> 00:37:05,330
1599
+ ุงู„ู€ Corticospinal tract ุฑุงุญ ูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
1600
+
1601
+ 401
1602
+ 00:37:05,330 --> 00:37:11,950
1603
+ pre-central area ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ upper ูˆ ุงู„ middle
1604
+
1605
+ 402
1606
+ 00:37:11,950 --> 00:37:20,710
1607
+ one third ุฑุงุญ ุงู„ fibers ุชู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ posterior limb
1608
+
1609
+ 403
1610
+ 00:37:20,710 --> 00:37:30,910
1611
+ of internal capsulemedibrain bones medulla
1612
+
1613
+ 404
1614
+ 00:37:30,910 --> 00:37:40,650
1615
+ oblongata ู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠุด ุงุณู…ู‡ ุงุณู…ู‡ cortico spinal
1616
+
1617
+ 405
1618
+ 00:37:40,650 --> 00:37:52,310
1619
+ tract ุชู…ุงู… ู‡ู†ุง internal capsule ู‡ุฐุง left internal
1620
+
1621
+ 406
1622
+ 00:37:52,310 --> 00:38:04,370
1623
+ capsulelift internal capsule lift
1624
+
1625
+ 407
1626
+ 00:38:04,370 --> 00:38:08,250
1627
+ internal
1628
+
1629
+ 408
1630
+ 00:38:08,250 --> 00:38:12,650
1631
+ capsule
1632
+
1633
+ 409
1634
+ 00:38:12,650 --> 00:38:20,850
1635
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ lower part of medulla oblongata ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1636
+
1637
+ 410
1638
+ 00:38:20,850 --> 00:38:26,410
1639
+ ู‡ูˆCorticospinal tract ุจูŠุนู…ู„ incomplete decassation
1640
+
1641
+ 411
1642
+ 00:38:26,410 --> 00:38:30,870
1643
+ ุงูˆ crossing ุจูŠุนู…ู„ incomplete decassation ุงู„ main
1644
+
1645
+ 412
1646
+ 00:38:30,870 --> 00:38:33,890
1647
+ fibers ุงูƒุชุฑ ู…ู† ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆ ุชู…ุงู†ูŠู† ุชุณุนูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ
1648
+
1649
+ 413
1650
+ 00:38:33,890 --> 00:38:39,610
1651
+ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง crossing ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ opposite side ุงู„ู†ุฑุณุงู†ุช ู…ูŠู†
1652
+
1653
+ 414
1654
+ 00:38:39,610 --> 00:38:45,570
1655
+ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ left? Corticospinal tract ูˆ ุจูŠุชุฌู‡ ู„ ุงู„ right
1656
+
1657
+ 415
1658
+ 00:38:45,570 --> 00:38:55,090
1659
+ side ูˆ ุจูŠููˆุช ู„ ููŠ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠlateral column ููŠ ุงู„
1660
+
1661
+ 416
1662
+ 00:38:55,090 --> 00:39:03,670
1663
+ lateral column of spinal cord ูˆุจุฏุฃ
1664
+
1665
+ 417
1666
+ 00:39:03,670 --> 00:39:11,170
1667
+ ู†ู†ุฒู„ ู…ุซู„ ุฎุท ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจุง ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ูˆูŠู† ุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠุŸ ุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ at
1668
+
1669
+ 418
1670
+ 00:39:11,170 --> 00:39:17,370
1671
+ the level of
1672
+
1673
+ 419
1674
+ 00:39:19,260 --> 00:39:29,060
1675
+ S2 ุณุงูƒุฑุงู„ ุชูˆ ุณุจุงูŠู†ุงู„ ูƒูˆุฑุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
1676
+
1677
+ 420
1678
+ 00:39:29,060 --> 00:39:33,640
1679
+ ุจู†ุชู‡ูŠ ูˆูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ level ุณุงูƒุฑุงู„ ุชูˆ S2 segment of spinal
1680
+
1681
+ 421
1682
+ 00:39:33,640 --> 00:39:37,900
1683
+ cord ู‡ุฐุง ุจุดุจู‡ ุฎุท ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ุงู„ู†ุงุฒู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌ
1684
+
1685
+ 422
1686
+ 00:39:37,900 --> 00:39:44,160
1687
+ ู†ุงุฒู„ ูˆ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ูŠุตู„ ุทุงุจู‚ ุงู„ุดุฌุฑุฉ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู‡ุง ุณู„ูƒ ุฎุท ู‡ุฐุง
1688
+
1689
+ 423
1690
+ 00:39:44,160 --> 00:39:52,070
1691
+ ุงูŠุด ุงุณู…ู‡ ุงู„ lift ุชุชุญูˆู„ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ุง right ููŠ ุงู„ spoiler
1692
+
1693
+ 424
1694
+ 00:39:52,070 --> 00:39:57,730
1695
+ code ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงุณู…ู‡ right cortico
1696
+
1697
+ 425
1698
+ 00:39:57,730 --> 00:40:09,550
1699
+ ุงูˆ ุงุณู…ู‡ ุตุญ ู‡ูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡
1700
+
1701
+ 426
1702
+ 00:40:09,550 --> 00:40:14,450
1703
+ ุตุญ right lateral
1704
+
1705
+ 427
1706
+ 00:40:16,840 --> 00:40:21,320
1707
+ Corticospinal tract Right Lateral Corticospinal
1708
+
1709
+ 428
1710
+ 00:40:21,320 --> 00:40:25,860
1711
+ tract ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฎุท ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ูŠุตู„ ุงู„ู€ Anterior Horn
1712
+
1713
+ 429
1714
+ 00:40:25,860 --> 00:40:32,360
1715
+ Cells ุจูŠุนุทูŠู‡ู… ุฅูŠุดุŸ Fibers ุจูŠุนุทูŠู‡ู… ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ Fibers ุนู„ู‰
1716
+
1717
+ 430
1718
+ 00:40:32,360 --> 00:40:36,340
1719
+ ูƒู„ segment ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ segment ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ุฏู…ุฌ ู„ู„
1720
+
1721
+ 431
1722
+ 00:40:36,340 --> 00:40:39,960
1723
+ Corticospinal tract ููŠ ุงู„ brain ุฃูˆ Spinal cord ู‡ุฐุง
1724
+
1725
+ 432
1726
+ 00:40:39,960 --> 00:40:44,040
1727
+ ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฅูŠุดุŸ Upper Motoneurone lesion Upper
1728
+
1729
+ 433
1730
+ 00:40:44,040 --> 00:40:51,860
1731
+ Motoneurone lesion2 ุงู„ุฌุฒุก
1732
+
1733
+ 434
1734
+ 00:40:51,860 --> 00:40:57,560
1735
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุงุนู…ุด costing ู‡ุฐุง
1736
+
1737
+ 435
1738
+ 00:40:57,560 --> 00:41:05,640
1739
+ ุจู†ุฒู„ ููŠ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ุจู†ุฒู„ ููŠ ุงู„ anterior
1740
+
1741
+ 436
1742
+ 00:41:05,640 --> 00:41:11,100
1743
+ column of spinal cord ูˆ ุจูƒู…ู„ ุทุฑูŠู‚ู‡ ูˆูŠู† ุจู†ุชู‡ูŠ
1744
+
1745
+ 437
1746
+ 00:41:19,510 --> 00:41:23,630
1747
+ ends at lower
1748
+
1749
+ 438
1750
+ 00:41:23,630 --> 00:41:30,590
1751
+ thoracic level ููŠ
1752
+
1753
+ 439
1754
+ 00:41:30,590 --> 00:41:34,010
1755
+ ู†ุงุณ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ middle thoracic level ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠู†
1756
+
1757
+ 440
1758
+ 00:41:34,010 --> 00:41:40,530
1759
+ ุตุญ middle ุงูˆ lower thoracic ู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ู„ุง
1760
+
1761
+ 441
1762
+ 00:41:40,530 --> 00:41:48,250
1763
+ ุงูŠุด ู„ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู†ุชู‡ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ุงูƒุชุฑ ู…ุด ุฑุงุญ ูŠุตู„ ุงู„ number
1764
+
1765
+ 442
1766
+ 00:41:51,940 --> 00:42:11,700
1767
+ ุนุดุงู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุตุญ ูˆูŠู†
1768
+
1769
+ 443
1770
+ 00:42:11,700 --> 00:42:14,980
1771
+ ุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ end at
1772
+
1773
+ 444
1774
+ 00:42:21,190 --> 00:42:26,490
1775
+ the lower thoracic
1776
+
1777
+ 445
1778
+ 00:42:26,490 --> 00:42:33,110
1779
+ level ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ .. ุฅูŠุด ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุŸ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ventral
1780
+
1781
+ 446
1782
+ 00:42:37,550 --> 00:42:42,630
1783
+ ูˆุงุถูŠูุชู‡ ุงูŠุด ูŠุง ุบุฏู‰ุŸ ูˆุงุถูŠูุชู‡ ู„ุบุฏู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ chest
1784
+
1785
+ 447
1786
+ 00:42:42,630 --> 00:42:46,790
1787
+ muscle ุงูˆ thoracic muscle ุงูˆ respiratory muscle
1788
+
1789
+ 448
1790
+ 00:42:46,790 --> 00:42:49,570
1791
+ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ
1792
+
1793
+ 449
1794
+ 00:42:49,570 --> 00:42:52,290
1795
+ ูˆุจูŠุนุทูŠ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ
1796
+
1797
+ 450
1798
+ 00:42:52,290 --> 00:42:56,990
1799
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ุงู„ both anterior horn cells for
1800
+
1801
+ 451
1802
+ 00:42:56,990 --> 00:43:03,820
1803
+ respiratory muscleุทูŠุจ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุงูŠุด Corticospinal
1804
+
1805
+ 452
1806
+ 00:43:03,820 --> 00:43:09,240
1807
+ tract ู‡ุงู† ู…ุฑุณูˆู…ูŠู† ููŠ slide ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ุงู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุงู†
1808
+
1809
+ 453
1810
+ 00:43:09,240 --> 00:43:14,400
1811
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ pyramidal decassation ู‡ุงุฏ ุงู„ pyramids ุจุชุญูˆู„ ู„
1812
+
1813
+ 454
1814
+ 00:43:14,400 --> 00:43:18,040
1815
+ decassation ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุญุฏุซ ู…ุน ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ููŠ
1816
+
1817
+ 455
1818
+ 00:43:18,040 --> 00:43:20,580
1819
+ ุงู„ left cerebral hemisphere ูˆู„ูŠ ุงู„ hemiplegia
1820
+
1821
+ 456
1822
+ 00:43:20,580 --> 00:43:23,800
1823
+ ูŠุชูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right ุทูŠุจ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ spinal cord
1824
+
1825
+ 457
1826
+ 00:43:23,800 --> 00:43:28,300
1827
+ ู„ุฃุฎู„ุต ุงู„ crossing ุตุงุฑ ุฏู…ุฌ ููŠ ุงู„ spinal cordุŒ ุนู„ู‰
1828
+
1829
+ 458
1830
+ 00:43:28,300 --> 00:43:31,500
1831
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุจุฏูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ motorุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„
1832
+
1833
+ 459
1834
+ 00:43:31,500 --> 00:43:34,840
1835
+ crossing ุฎู„ุต ูˆูŠู† ุจุชุชู… ุงู„ crossingุŸ ุจุชุชู… ุงู„
1836
+
1837
+ 460
1838
+ 00:43:34,840 --> 00:43:41,440
1839
+ crossing ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ lower part
1840
+
1841
+ 461
1842
+ 00:43:41,440 --> 00:43:50,030
1843
+ of medulla oblongataุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณูู„ 80% ู„
1844
+
1845
+ 462
1846
+ 00:43:50,030 --> 00:43:57,710
1847
+ 85% ู…ู† ุงู„ููŠุจูŠุฑุฒ ูŠู‚ูˆู…ูˆู† ุจู€ crossings ูˆูŠุฑูˆุญูˆุง ุนู„ู‰
1848
+
1849
+ 463
1850
+ 00:43:57,710 --> 00:44:02,660
1851
+ ุงู„ู€ opposite side ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lateral columnูˆุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1852
+
1853
+ 464
1854
+ 00:44:02,660 --> 00:44:05,840
1855
+ ุจูŠุธู„ูˆุง .. ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… ุฅูŠุดุŸ indirect ู„ูŠุด ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู…
1856
+
1857
+ 465
1858
+ 00:44:05,840 --> 00:44:09,200
1859
+ indirectุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ู… ุนู…ู„ูˆุง crossing ูˆ ุงุชุฌู‡ูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
1860
+
1861
+ 466
1862
+ 00:44:09,200 --> 00:44:13,500
1863
+ opposite side ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… crossed corticospinal tract
1864
+
1865
+ 467
1866
+ 00:44:13,500 --> 00:44:18,300
1867
+ ูˆุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ูŠุฎู„ุตูˆุง ูƒู„ fibers ุงูˆ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ู†ุณู‰ ุงู„ segment
1868
+
1869
+ 468
1870
+ 00:44:18,300 --> 00:44:22,780
1871
+ ุจูŠุทู„ุนูˆุง fibers ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ anterior horn cells ูƒู„ ู…ุง
1872
+
1873
+ 469
1874
+ 00:44:22,780 --> 00:44:25,800
1875
+ ู†ุณู‰ ุงู„ segment ุจูŠุทู„ุนูˆุง fibers ู„ู„ anterior horn
1876
+
1877
+ 470
1878
+ 00:44:25,800 --> 00:44:30,620
1879
+ cells ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ 15 ู„ 20% ู…ู† ุงู„ fibers ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุถุงู„ู‡ู… ู‚ุฏุฑ
1880
+
1881
+ 471
1882
+ 00:44:31,510 --> 00:44:36,350
1883
+ ูˆู…ุงุนู…ู„ูˆุด crossing ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… direct anterior ุงูˆ
1884
+
1885
+ 472
1886
+ 00:44:36,350 --> 00:44:40,430
1887
+ ventral corticospinal tract ุจูŠุนุทูˆู†ุง fibers ู„ู„
1888
+
1889
+ 473
1890
+ 00:44:40,430 --> 00:44:44,430
1891
+ anterior home cells ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ segment ุจุณ ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„
1892
+
1893
+ 474
1894
+ 00:44:44,430 --> 00:44:49,790
1895
+ both cerebral hemisphere ูˆูŠู† ุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูˆุงุŸ ุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูˆุง ููŠ
1896
+
1897
+ 475
1898
+ 00:44:49,790 --> 00:44:53,450
1899
+ ุงู„ mid thoracic ู…ู…ูƒู† ููŠ ู…ุฑุงุฌุน ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„
1900
+
1901
+ 476
1902
+ 00:44:53,450 --> 00:44:56,290
1903
+ lower thoracic ุงุนุชุจุฑู‡ู… mid thoracic ุนุดุงู† ู…ุง
1904
+
1905
+ 477
1906
+ 00:44:56,290 --> 00:44:59,490
1907
+ ุชุชุฎุฑุจุทูˆุด ู†ุนุชู…ุฏู‡ู… mid thoracic ููŠ ู…ุฑุงุฌุน ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง
1908
+
1909
+ 478
1910
+ 00:44:59,490 --> 00:45:06,100
1911
+ lower thoracicmade thoracic ู†ุนุชู…ุฏู‡ู… ู„ู„ูƒู„ level
1912
+
1913
+ 479
1914
+ 00:45:06,100 --> 00:45:11,540
1915
+ ุงู„ุขู† ุฃู†ุง ุจูƒุชูุฑ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก
1916
+
1917
+ 480
1918
+ 00:45:11,540 --> 00:45:17,800
1919
+ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฑุงุญ ุฃูƒู…ู„ู‡ ููŠ ุฌุฒุก ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน
1920
+
1921
+ 481
1922
+ 00:45:17,800 --> 00:45:19,500
1923
+ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุนุดุงู† ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุงู„ุนุงููŠุฉ
1924
+
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PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/B8GDzVZC_GE.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,1498 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:05,870 --> 00:00:09,050
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:09,050 --> 00:00:14,350
7
+ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุฑุงุญ ู†ูƒูˆู† ู…ุนูƒู… ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑุฉ ู‡ูŠ
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:14,350 --> 00:00:19,650
11
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน 14 ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ุฃุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ Anatomy
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:19,650 --> 00:00:24,870
15
+ and physiology of the motor system part 2 ุจู‚ู‰
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:24,870 --> 00:00:28,730
19
+ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง slide ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุนุดุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:28,730 --> 00:00:33,710
23
+ differential between the upper motor neuron and
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:33,710 --> 00:00:38,110
27
+ lower motor neuron ูƒูŠู ู†ูุฑู‘ู‚ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ upper motor
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:38,110 --> 00:00:43,380
31
+ neuron and lower motor neuron ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:43,380 --> 00:00:50,000
35
+ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ ุฃู† upper motoneuron upper motoneuron
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:50,000 --> 00:00:58,460
39
+ lesion ุฅู…ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† corticospinal
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:58,460 --> 00:01:06,940
43
+ tract lesion ุฃูˆ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ cranial nerves
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:01:06,940 --> 00:01:14,290
47
+ corticospinal tract lesion ุจุงู„ุจุฑ cortico nuclear
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:14,290 --> 00:01:21,290
51
+ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ูŠ
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:21,290 --> 00:01:28,270
55
+ ุชุฑุงูƒุช ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ูŠ
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:28,270 --> 00:01:28,730
59
+ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ูŠ
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:28,730 --> 00:01:29,270
63
+ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ูŠ
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:29,270 --> 00:01:29,410
67
+ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ูŠ
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:29,410 --> 00:01:33,890
71
+ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:39,390 --> 00:01:52,230
75
+ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† nuclear lesion of cranial nerves ุงู„ุชูŠ
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:52,230 --> 00:01:57,970
79
+ ู‡ู… motor cranial nerves motor cranial nerves ุงุซู†ุงู†
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:57,970 --> 00:02:02,590
83
+ anterior horn cells lesion
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:02:08,320 --> 00:02:13,100
87
+ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ cranial and
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:02:13,100 --> 00:02:18,840
91
+ spinal nerve lesion ู‡ุฐุง ูƒู„ู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฑู…ูˆุฒ ู…ุทู„ูˆุน
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:18,840 --> 00:02:29,520
95
+ neuromuscular and muscle fibers
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:31,280 --> 00:02:37,780
99
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Anterior horn cells ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ lower motor
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:37,780 --> 00:02:41,760
103
+ neuron lesion ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฑูŠู† ุณุชูŠู… ู…ู† ุงู„ motor
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:41,760 --> 00:02:45,440
107
+ nuclei in the brain stem ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุงุจุนุฉ ู„ู„ cranial
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:45,440 --> 00:02:49,640
111
+ nerves ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง ุฃุตู„ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ fibers ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ lower
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:49,640 --> 00:02:55,820
115
+ motor neuron lesion ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠุก ุงู„ location of lesion
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:56,930 --> 00:03:01,470
119
+ ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ Upper Motoneuron ูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Area IV
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:03:01,470 --> 00:03:04,310
123
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Precentral Gyrus ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง ุฃุตู„ ุงู„ู€
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:03:04,310 --> 00:03:07,350
127
+ Anterior Horn Cells ุญุณุจ ุงู„ู€ Segment ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:03:07,350 --> 00:03:09,890
131
+ Upper Motoneuron Lesion ุฅุฐุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ู€ cranial
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:03:09,890 --> 00:03:15,290
135
+ nerves ูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Area IV ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง ุฃุตู„ ู„ู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:15,290 --> 00:03:19,010
139
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ in the brainstem ูŠุนุชุจุฑ Upper Motoneuron
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:19,010 --> 00:03:21,850
143
+ Lesion ูŠู‚ูˆู„ Upper Motoneuron Lesion ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:21,850 --> 00:03:27,020
147
+ Damage of Corticospinal ุฃูˆ Corticobulbar tract ุทุจ
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:27,020 --> 00:03:30,540
151
+ lower motor neuron ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฏู…ุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ anterior
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:30,540 --> 00:03:34,080
155
+ horn cells ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ muscle fibers ุฃูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ motor
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:34,080 --> 00:03:37,920
159
+ nuclei of the brain stem ุงู„ุชุงุจุนูŠู† ู„ู„ cranial
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:37,920 --> 00:03:41,780
163
+ nerves ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ muscle fibers ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ lower motor
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:41,780 --> 00:03:45,680
167
+ neuron lesion ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุงู„ุขู† ุนู„ู‰ corticospinal
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:45,680 --> 00:03:49,100
171
+ tract ุฑุญ ุฃุฑูƒุฒ ุนู„ู‰ corticospinal location of
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:03:49,100 --> 00:03:55,860
175
+ paralysis ุฅุญู†ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุฅู†ู‡ Corticospinal tract ุจูŠุนู…ู„
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:03:55,860 --> 00:03:59,620
179
+ incomplete decussation crossing ููŠ lower part of
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:03:59,620 --> 00:04:03,480
183
+ medulla ุฃูˆ ุจู„ู†ุฌุงุช ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ุงุณู…ู‡ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:03,480 --> 00:04:09,220
187
+ decussation ุฃูˆ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ ุงู„ crossing ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุญุฏุซ
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:09,220 --> 00:04:13,620
191
+ damage ู„ Corticospinal tract ุงู„ paralysis located
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:13,620 --> 00:04:18,620
195
+ below the level of lesion ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุญุฏุซ damage
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:21,630 --> 00:04:24,850
199
+ below the level of lesion ููŠ paralysis ุญุฏุซ damage
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:24,850 --> 00:04:28,350
203
+ ููŠ ุงู„ spinal cord below the level of lesion ููŠ
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:28,350 --> 00:04:34,390
207
+ paralysis ู„ูƒู† ุงู†ุชุจู‡ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุฏู…ุฌ ููŠ ุงู„ brain ูŠุนู†ูŠ
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:04:34,390 --> 00:04:39,970
211
+ above decussation ุงู„ paralysis ุฃูˆ ุงู„ hemiplegia
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:04:39,970 --> 00:04:43,470
215
+ ุฑุงุญ ุชูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ opposite side ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงู‡
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:04:43,470 --> 00:04:48,450
219
+ ุฌุฑุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ left cerebral hemisphere ุงู„ุดู„ู„
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:04:48,450 --> 00:04:50,710
223
+ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right side ู„ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:04:50,710 --> 00:04:53,370
227
+ damage ุญุฏุซ ุนู†ุฏู‡ above the crossing above the
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:04:53,370 --> 00:04:57,310
231
+ decussation ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงู‡ ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุจู„
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:04:57,310 --> 00:05:03,150
235
+ ุงู„ุดูˆูƒูŠ spinal cord injury ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู†ุตู of motor
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:03,150 --> 00:05:06,820
239
+ function below the level of lesion ู„ูƒู† ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู€
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:06,820 --> 00:05:10,780
243
+ side ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ููŠู‡ damage ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right ุงู„ุดู„ู„ ุนู„ู‰
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:10,780 --> 00:05:14,320
247
+ ุงู„ right damage left ุงู„ุดู„ู„ left ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุญุฏุซ
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:14,320 --> 00:05:18,580
251
+ damage ู„ corticospinal tract below decussation
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:05:18,580 --> 00:05:24,960
255
+ below crossing ูˆุงุถุญุŸ okay again ุงู„ location of
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:05:24,960 --> 00:05:29,990
259
+ paralysis below the level of lesion contralateral
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:05:29,990 --> 00:05:33,110
263
+ above decussation ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุฏู…ุฌ above decussationุŒ
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:05:33,110 --> 00:05:36,410
267
+ ุงู„ู€ symptom ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ contralateral ุตุนุจ ุทุจ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:05:36,410 --> 00:05:40,210
271
+ below decussationุŒ ipsilateralุŒ ipsilateral ุนู„ู‰
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:05:40,210 --> 00:05:45,870
275
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู€ side ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ lower motor neuronุŒ ipsilateral
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:05:45,870 --> 00:05:50,950
279
+ at the level of lesion ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒูŠู ุญุฏุซ ุงู„ุฏู…ุฌ
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:05:50,950 --> 00:05:57,160
283
+ ู„ู€ axillary nerve ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right side ุฃูˆ ุงู„
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:05:57,160 --> 00:06:03,440
287
+ anterior roots of C5 segment ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right ุนู„ู‰ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู„ู‰
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:06:03,440 --> 00:06:07,680
291
+ ุงู„ right side ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ู† ุฑุงุญ ูŠุญุฏุซ ุดู„ู„ ุฃูˆ
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:06:07,680 --> 00:06:12,320
295
+ damageุŸ deltoid muscle ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฏู„ุชูˆูŠุฏ muscle ุฑุงุญ ุชู†ุดู„
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:06:12,320 --> 00:06:16,040
299
+ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ูˆุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ level ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ lower
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:06:16,040 --> 00:06:20,460
303
+ motor neuron symptoms ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ipsilateral ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:06:20,460 --> 00:06:26,100
307
+ ุงู„ side ูˆ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ level ุฃู†ุง ุจุฃุดุจู‡ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู‡ุฐุง ุจุฎุท
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:06:26,100 --> 00:06:30,620
311
+ ูƒู‡ุฑุจ ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ุฎุท ูƒู‡ุฑุจ ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ู‡ุงูŠ ุฎุท ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:06:30,620 --> 00:06:42,700
315
+ ู…ุงุดูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌ ูˆ ุจุณู„ู… ู„ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ูˆ
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:06:42,700 --> 00:06:48,430
319
+ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ุฑุงุญ ูŠุณู„ู… ุงู„ nerve ู†ุฃุฎุฐู‡ุง
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:06:48,430 --> 00:06:52,050
323
+ ุจู„ูˆู† ุซุงู†ูŠ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ upper motor neuron ู†ุฑุณู…ู‡ ุจุงู„ู„ูˆู†
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:06:52,050 --> 00:06:58,490
327
+ ุงู„ุฃุณูˆุฏ ุนุดุงู† ู†ุชู‡ู…ู‡ ุตุญ ู‡ู†ุง
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:06:58,490 --> 00:07:02,650
331
+ above decussation ูˆู‡ู†ุง below decussation ุงู„ fibers
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:07:02,650 --> 00:07:09,090
335
+ ุงู„ุชุงุจุนุฉ ู„ู‡ ุฑุงุญ ุชุณู„ู… ู„ูƒู„ level ู„ู„ anterior horn cells
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:07:09,090 --> 00:07:14,390
339
+ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ุฑุงุญ ุชุฃุฎุฐ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:07:14,390 --> 00:07:17,630
343
+ anterior horn cells ุชุณู„ู… ู„ู„ nerve ู„ู„ู…uscle ู„ู„ู†ูŠุฑูˆ
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:07:17,630 --> 00:07:27,110
347
+ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:07:27,110 --> 00:07:27,130
351
+ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:07:27,130 --> 00:07:30,930
355
+ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:07:30,930 --> 00:07:36,570
359
+ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:07:36,570 --> 00:07:41,130
363
+ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถ
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:07:42,580 --> 00:07:46,560
367
+ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุดู„ู„ ุชุญุช ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉุŒ ุจุณ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุงูƒุณุฉุŒ
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:07:46,560 --> 00:07:49,120
371
+ ุนุดุงู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุงูƒุณุฉ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ damage above
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:07:49,120 --> 00:07:52,460
375
+ decussationุŒ ูู‡ู… ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู‡ุฐุงุŸ ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ุงู„ุฏู…ุฌ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:07:52,460 --> 00:07:55,520
379
+ spinal cordุŒ ู„ู„corticospinal tractุŒ ู„ู„ุชุฑุจุฉ
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:07:55,520 --> 00:08:00,040
383
+ ุงู„corticospinal tract ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุดู„ู„ ุชุญุช ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:08:00,040 --> 00:08:02,700
387
+ ูƒู„ู‡ ุจู†ุดู„ ุจุณ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ูˆ ุฏู‡ periodic
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:08:02,700 --> 00:08:06,620
391
+ succession ุฃู†ุง ุจุฃุดุจู‡ู‡ ุจุฎุท ูƒู‡ุฑุจ ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ู†ุงุฒู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌ
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:08:06,620 --> 00:08:11,900
395
+ ูˆ ุจูˆุฒุนู‡ ู„ูƒู„ ุทุงุจู‚ ู„ูƒู„ ุดู‚ุฉ ู„ูˆ ุงู†ู‚ุทุน ุงู„ุฎุท ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ูƒู„ู‡
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:08:11,900 --> 00:08:16,040
399
+ ุจูŠูุตู„ ุชุญุชู‡ ูƒู„ู‡ ุจูŠูุตู„ ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจุงุก ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ููŠ ุดู‚ุฉ ุฑู‚ู…
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:08:16,040 --> 00:08:21,840
403
+ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ู…ุด ุฏุงูŠุฑุฉ ูƒู‡ุฑุจุงุก ุตุงุญุจู‡ุง ูˆ ุฃุฌูŠุจ ู…ู‡ู†ุฏุณ ูŠุชุนุงู…ู„ ูƒู‡ุฑุจุงุก
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:08:21,840 --> 00:08:25,700
407
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ ุฅูŠุด ุฑุงุญ ูŠูุตู„ูˆุงุŸ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูุตู„ูˆุง ุงู„ุณู„ูƒ ุจุชุงุน
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:08:25,700 --> 00:08:33,200
411
+ ุงู„ุดู‚ุฉ ู†ูุณู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุฑุงุญ ูŠุญุฏุซ ู„ู†ุงุŸ ู…ุง ุฑุงุญ
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:08:33,200 --> 00:08:37,140
415
+ ุชุฑูˆุญ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ muscleุŒ ุฑุงุญ ุชู†ุดู„ ุงู„ muscle ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:08:37,140 --> 00:08:40,900
419
+ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูู‚ุท ู‡ู†ุง ุฑุงุญ ุชู†ุดู„ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:08:40,900 --> 00:08:44,420
423
+ ูˆ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ูˆ ุฃุฌูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ู…ุด ุณูŠู†ุงูุน ูƒู‡ุฑุจุงุกุŒ
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:08:44,420 --> 00:08:49,170
427
+ ูˆู‚ุทุน ุนู† ุณู„ูƒ ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจุงุก ุจุชุงุน ุดู‚ุชู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุจุฑุฌ ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจุงุก
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:08:49,170 --> 00:08:53,190
431
+ ุฌุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ูˆ ูŠุฑุฏุณ ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจุงุก ุจุณ ุงู„ุดู‚ุฉ ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:08:53,190 --> 00:08:58,350
435
+ ุงู„ lower motor neuron ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ lower motor neuron ipsilateral at
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:08:58,350 --> 00:09:04,430
439
+ the level of the same side ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉ Paralysis ู…ู†
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:09:04,430 --> 00:09:08,130
443
+ ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุจุชูƒูˆู† Spastic Spastic
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:09:08,130 --> 00:09:11,390
447
+ due to spasticity ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ ุงู„ shock stage ุฅู†
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:09:11,390 --> 00:09:14,030
451
+ ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ ุณู†ุฉ ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ุจุดุฑุญ ู„ูƒู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ู€ shock stage ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† Spastic ุนู†ุฏู‡ู…
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:09:14,030 --> 00:09:18,210
455
+ muscle hypertonia hyperreflexia ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:09:18,210 --> 00:09:21,930
459
+ ุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ูู„ุณูุฉ muscle hypotonia
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:09:21,930 --> 00:09:25,410
463
+ ูˆ hyperreflexia ูˆ areflexia ุฌูŠู†ุง ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ูุฑู‚
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:09:25,410 --> 00:09:31,690
467
+ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ upper motoneuron ูˆ ุงู„ lower motoneuron ู…ู†
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:09:31,690 --> 00:09:34,530
471
+ ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ upper motoneuron ุงู„ muscle state wasting
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:09:34,530 --> 00:09:38,270
475
+ or muscle hypotrophy okay very late ููŠ ูˆู‚ุช ู…ุชุฃุฎุฑ
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:09:38,270 --> 00:09:45,800
479
+ ู„ูŠู‡ ุจุชุญุฏุซุŸ due to disuse ู„ุนุฏู… ุงู„ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ููŠ ุญุงู„
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:09:45,800 --> 00:09:51,700
483
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู…ุง ูŠุชู… ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ุง ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ููŠู‡ุง ุถู…ูˆุฑ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:09:51,700 --> 00:09:56,280
487
+ ุงู„ lower motor neuron ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… early muscle
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:09:56,280 --> 00:10:01,860
491
+ hypotrophy ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ anterior horn cells ู‡ูŠ
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:10:01,860 --> 00:10:06,860
495
+ ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† nourishment of the muscle fibers ุซู„ุงุซุฉ
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:10:06,860 --> 00:10:11,720
499
+ ุฃูˆ ุงุซู†ุงู† ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ muscles muscle tone ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:10:12,730 --> 00:10:16,250
503
+ tone ููŠ ุงู„ upper motor neuron ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง muscle
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:10:16,250 --> 00:10:20,470
507
+ hypertonia ุฃูˆ spasticity ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ lower motor
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:10:20,470 --> 00:10:25,710
511
+ neuron ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง muscle hypotonia ุฃูˆ flaccidity
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:10:25,710 --> 00:10:29,690
515
+ muscle fasciculation ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ muscle fasciculationุŸ
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:10:31,260 --> 00:10:34,320
519
+ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† spontaneous contraction of muscle
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:10:34,320 --> 00:10:39,720
523
+ group ุจู„ุงุญุธ ุงู„ muscle ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ุง contraction
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:10:39,720 --> 00:10:42,280
527
+ ุจุชุชุญุฑูƒ ุจุฏูˆู† ุญุฑูƒุฉ ู„ุง ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ absent in the upper
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:10:42,280 --> 00:10:47,340
531
+ motoneuron ู„ูƒู† ุจุชูƒูˆู† presented ููŠ ุงู„ lower motor
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:10:47,340 --> 00:10:51,900
535
+ neuron ู…ุด ููŠ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุดูŠุก ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ููŠ
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:10:51,900 --> 00:10:55,080
539
+ irritation or lesion of the anterior horn cells
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:10:55,080 --> 00:10:59,200
543
+ ุฃูˆ of the motor cranial nuclei in the brain stem
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:10:59,200 --> 00:11:04,540
547
+ ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุขุฎุฑ reflexes ูƒูŠู ู†ูุฑู‚ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ุจุงู„
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:11:08,180 --> 00:11:14,490
551
+ reflexes ุงู„ deep reflexes ุจูŠูƒูˆู† hyperreflexia ูŠุนู†ูŠ
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:11:14,490 --> 00:11:18,030
555
+ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ู„ near reflex ุจูŠูƒูˆู† hyperreflexia ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:11:18,030 --> 00:11:21,650
559
+ lower motor neuron ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† hyperreflexia ุฃูˆ
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:11:21,650 --> 00:11:26,750
563
+ areflexia absent of reflex ุงู„ูƒู„ูˆู†ุงุณุŒ ุฅูŠุด ู‡ูˆ
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:11:26,750 --> 00:11:31,090
567
+ ุงู„ูƒู„ูˆู†ุงุณุŸ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† Rhythmic serial of
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:11:31,090 --> 00:11:36,470
571
+ contraction in response to sudden stretch of
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:11:36,470 --> 00:11:41,110
575
+ muscle tendon ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ู„ู„ููˆุชุŒ ุนู…ู„ู†ุง sudden stretch
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:11:41,110 --> 00:11:45,490
579
+ ู„ู„ุฃูƒูŠู„ูŠ ุงู„ุณู†ุฏู†ุŒ ุฑุงุญ ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ููˆุช ูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนู‡ุง ุดูŠุก
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:11:45,490 --> 00:11:49,600
583
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ูƒู„ูˆู†ุงุณุŒ Dorsiflexion ู…ุน plantar flexion okay
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:11:49,600 --> 00:11:52,680
587
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุจุชุฏู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู†ุฏู‡ severe
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:11:52,680 --> 00:11:56,660
591
+ hyperreflexia .. severe hyperreflexia ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:11:56,660 --> 00:12:00,080
595
+ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€ class madam severe hyperreflexia ุฑุงุญ ุชูƒูˆู†
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:12:00,080 --> 00:12:05,040
599
+ present in the upper motoneuron and absent in the
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:12:05,040 --> 00:12:09,280
603
+ lower motoneuron ุจุงุจูŠู†ุณูƒูŠ ุฑูู„ูŠูƒุณ ุฃูˆ pathological
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:12:09,280 --> 00:12:13,220
607
+ plantar reflex ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ upper motoneuron
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:12:13,220 --> 00:12:19,750
611
+ and absent in the lower motoneuron Superficial
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:12:19,750 --> 00:12:24,630
615
+ reflexes ุฑุงุญ ุชูƒูˆู† lost in the upper motoneuron
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:12:24,630 --> 00:12:28,130
619
+ below the level of lesion ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ lower
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:12:28,130 --> 00:12:34,090
623
+ motoneuron lost at the level of the same site ู‡ูŠ
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:12:34,090 --> 00:12:38,210
627
+ ูƒุฃู†ู†ุง ุจูƒูˆู† ุดุฑุญุช ู„ูƒู… ุงู„ differential between the
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:12:38,210 --> 00:12:42,190
631
+ upper motoneuron and lower motoneuron ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฌุฒุฆูŠุฉ
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:12:42,440 --> 00:12:46,040
635
+ ุชุงุจุนุฉ ู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุนุดุฑ ู„ูƒู† ุฃู†ุง ู…ุง
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:12:46,040 --> 00:12:49,780
639
+ ุฃูุณุนููุชูู†ูŠุด ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ูˆ ุดุฑุญุช ู„ูƒู… ุฅูŠุงู‡ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ู…ุน
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:12:49,780 --> 00:12:53,780
643
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ุนุดุฑ ูƒุฃู†ู†ุง ู†ูƒูˆู† ุฅุญู†ุง ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ู…ู†
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:12:53,780 --> 00:12:59,480
647
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุนุดุฑ ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ุงู„ุขู†
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:12:59,480 --> 00:13:04,200
651
+ ู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุชู†ุง ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:13:04,200 --> 00:13:12,860
655
+ ุนุดุฑ anatomy and physiology of the motor system part
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:13:12,860 --> 00:13:17,300
659
+ 2 ุฅุญู†ุง ุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุณุงุจู‚ู‹ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ motor
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:13:17,300 --> 00:13:22,040
663
+ system ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ motor
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:13:22,040 --> 00:13:29,440
667
+ system ู†ุจุฏุฃ
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:13:29,440 --> 00:13:40,790
671
+ ุจ human reflexes reflex ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† involuntary
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:13:40,790 --> 00:13:42,890
675
+ action
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:13:44,240 --> 00:13:49,180
679
+ performed in response to impulses ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:13:49,180 --> 00:13:53,860
683
+ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ involuntary action performed in response to
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:13:53,860 --> 00:13:59,020
687
+ impulse ุฅูŠุด ู‡ูˆ responseุŸ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† sensory stimulus
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:13:59,020 --> 00:14:02,480
691
+ sensory stimulus ุฑุงุญ ู†ุดุฑุญู‡ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… what's the
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:14:02,480 --> 00:14:07,060
695
+ classification of reflexes reflex ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฑุฏ ุงู„ูุนู„ ุฑุฏ
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:14:07,060 --> 00:14:14,150
699
+ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ูุนู„ peripheral reflexes autonomic ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:14:14,150 --> 00:14:18,310
703
+ ู…ุซู„ sympathetic ูˆ parasympathetic ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:14:18,310 --> 00:14:23,330
707
+ GIT reflexes ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ defecation ูˆ ุงู„ urination
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:14:23,330 --> 00:14:27,510
711
+ reflex ู„ุง ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุจูŠุตุญู‰ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ูˆู… ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:14:27,510 --> 00:14:31,850
715
+ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุฉ ุนุดุงู† ูŠุนู…ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุจูˆู„ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชุจุฑุฒ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:14:31,850 --> 00:14:36,450
719
+ reflex ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ peripheral reflex ุชุงุจุน ู„ู„
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:14:36,450 --> 00:14:40,450
723
+ autonomic nervous system ู„ู„ parasympathetic ุฃูƒุซุฑ
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:14:40,450 --> 00:14:47,730
727
+ Central reflex Central reflex ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ ุฑุฏ ููŠู‡
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:14:47,730 --> 00:14:50,310
731
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ ุจูŠู‚ุณู…ู‡ู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู†
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:14:53,260 --> 00:14:59,740
735
+ Conditioned reflexes ู‡ุฐู‡ acquired ุจุชุฌูŠู†ุง ู„ู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุฃูˆ
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:14:59,740 --> 00:15:04,020
739
+ ู„ู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุจุชุฌูŠ by learning and training ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู† ู‡ูŠ
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:15:04,020 --> 00:15:08
743
+
744
+ 201
745
+ 00:16:12,490 --> 00:16:15,990
746
+ ุถูˆุก ููŠ ุงู„ุนูŠู†ุŒ ุฑุญ ูŠุญุฏุซ construction ู„ู€ pupilsุŒ
747
+
748
+ 202
749
+ 00:16:15,990 --> 00:16:19,210
750
+ ู„ู„ุจุคุจุค ุงู„ุนูŠู† ูŠุตุบุฑ ุฃูˆ ู„ูˆ ุทู„ุนู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุธู„ุงู… ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุถูˆุก ููŠ
751
+
752
+ 203
753
+ 00:16:19,210 --> 00:16:23,170
754
+ ุงู„ุดู…ุณุŒ ุงู„ุจุคุจุค ุงู„ู€ pupils ุฑุญ ูŠุตุบุฑ ููŠ ุญุฌู…ู‡ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุนูƒุณ
755
+
756
+ 204
757
+ 00:16:23,170 --> 00:16:28,450
758
+ ุตุญูŠุญ ุฎุฑุฌู†ุง ู…ู† ุถูˆุก ู„ุบุฑูุฉ ู…ุนุชู…ุฉุŒ ุฑุญ ูŠุตูŠุฑ dilatation
759
+
760
+ 205
761
+ 00:16:28,450 --> 00:16:32,830
762
+ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ pupils ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ congenital reflex ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ
763
+
764
+ 206
765
+ 00:16:32,830 --> 00:16:36,270
766
+ ุงู„ู€ brain Medullary reflex ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ู€
767
+
768
+ 207
769
+ 00:16:36,270 --> 00:16:40,590
770
+ cardiovascularุŒ respiratoryุŒ digestive reflex
771
+
772
+ 208
773
+ 00:16:40,590 --> 00:16:46,010
774
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ูˆูŠู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ููŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Medulla oblongata
775
+
776
+ 209
777
+ 00:16:46,010 --> 00:16:50,670
778
+ ููŠ spinal reflex ู…ู† ุถู…ู† ุงู„ู€ spinal reflex ููŠ
779
+
780
+ 210
781
+ 00:16:50,670 --> 00:16:55,190
782
+ superficial reflex ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ skin reflex ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ู€
783
+
784
+ 211
785
+ 00:16:55,190 --> 00:17:03,060
786
+ abdominal reflexุŒ anal reflex ูˆููŠ deep reflex ู‡ุฐู‡
787
+
788
+ 212
789
+ 00:17:03,060 --> 00:17:09,060
790
+ ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ู€ knee jerk, ankle jerk ุฃูˆ ankle reflex,
791
+
792
+ 213
793
+ 00:17:09,520 --> 00:17:15,020
794
+ jerk ุฃูˆ reflex ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ูˆููŠ visceral reflex for
795
+
796
+ 214
797
+ 00:17:15,020 --> 00:17:22,840
798
+ internal organs for the internal organs ุงู„ุขู† ุฑุงุญ
799
+
800
+ 215
801
+ 00:17:22,840 --> 00:17:27,400
802
+ ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ spinal reflexes ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุณู†ุฉ
803
+
804
+ 216
805
+ 00:17:27,400 --> 00:17:31,070
806
+ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ุจู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ู… ูˆุจู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ู€ examination of
807
+
808
+ 217
809
+ 00:17:31,070 --> 00:17:33,950
810
+ the nervous system ูˆูƒูŠู ู†ูุญุต ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ reflexes
811
+
812
+ 218
813
+ 00:17:33,950 --> 00:17:40,010
814
+ ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ููŠู†ุง ุซู„ุงุซ ุฃู†ูˆุงุน spinal reflexes ููŠ
815
+
816
+ 219
817
+ 00:17:40,010 --> 00:17:42,930
818
+ superficial reflex ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅูŠุด superficial reflex
819
+
820
+ 220
821
+ 00:17:42,930 --> 00:17:49,140
822
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ contraction ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ without joint movement
823
+
824
+ 221
825
+ 00:17:49,140 --> 00:17:53,460
826
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุนู…ู„ู†ุง abdominal reflex ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ contraction
827
+
828
+ 222
829
+ 00:17:53,460 --> 00:17:57,200
830
+ ู„ู„ู€ abdominal muscle gag reflex ุฃูˆ pharyngeal
831
+
832
+ 223
833
+ 00:17:57,200 --> 00:18:00,600
834
+ reflex ุจูŠุญุฏุซ contraction ู„ู„ู€ pharyngeal muscle
835
+
836
+ 224
837
+ 00:18:00,600 --> 00:18:09,460
838
+ without joint movement ุทูŠุจ biceps reflex ู‡ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
839
+
840
+ 225
841
+ 00:18:09,460 --> 00:18:15,810
842
+ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ deep reflex ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ุชูƒู„ู…ุช ุนู„ู‰ deep reflex ู„ุฃู†
843
+
844
+ 226
845
+ 00:18:15,810 --> 00:18:20,850
846
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุญุฏุซ joint movement ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุญุฏุซ
847
+
848
+ 227
849
+ 00:18:20,850 --> 00:18:25,730
850
+ joint movement ุจุณู…ูŠู‡ deep reflex ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฑุฏ ูุนู„ ุนู…ูŠู‚
851
+
852
+ 228
853
+ 00:18:25,730 --> 00:18:32,270
854
+ ูŠุชุญุฑูƒ ููŠู‡ joint ูˆุซู„ุงุซุฉ visceral reflex ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู…
855
+
856
+ 229
857
+ 00:18:32,270 --> 00:18:35,730
858
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ internal organs ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€
859
+
860
+ 230
861
+ 00:18:35,730 --> 00:18:41,380
862
+ internal organs ุทูŠุจ ุฅูŠุด ุฃู†ูˆุงุน superficial reflexุŸ
863
+
864
+ 231
865
+ 00:18:41,380 --> 00:18:46,600
866
+ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ู… ุงู„ู€ superficial reflexุŸ plantar reflexุŒ
867
+
868
+ 232
869
+ 00:18:46,600 --> 00:18:53,440
870
+ abdominal reflex ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ู„ุฃุฎูˆู‡ ู„ูˆุญุฏ ุญูŠุต ู…ู† ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ู†
871
+
872
+ 233
873
+ 00:18:53,440 --> 00:18:56,920
874
+ ุจุทู†ู‡ุŒ ุฌุฑุณ ูˆุฐูŠูƒ ุดูˆูŠุฉุŒ ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุญุฏุซ contractionุŒ ุชู‚ูˆู„
875
+
876
+ 234
877
+ 00:18:56,920 --> 00:19:00,640
878
+ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุญุงุตุŒ ุญุฏุซ contraction ููŠ ุงู„ู€ abdominal muscleุŒ
879
+
880
+ 235
881
+ 00:19:00,640 --> 00:19:05,080
882
+ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ abdominal reflex inner reflex ู„ูˆ ุนู…ู„ู†ุง
883
+
884
+ 236
885
+ 00:19:05,080 --> 00:19:08,420
886
+ stroking around the anus ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€ external
887
+
888
+ 237
889
+ 00:19:08,420 --> 00:19:12,400
890
+ sphincter ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุงุฏ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุญุฏุซ contraction ู„ู€
891
+
892
+ 238
893
+ 00:19:12,400 --> 00:19:16,440
894
+ external sphincter ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ู‡ุฐุง a superficial reflex
895
+
896
+ 239
897
+ 00:19:16,440 --> 00:19:21,500
898
+ cremastric reflex ู‡ุฐุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ูŠู„ ู„ูˆ ุนู…ู„ู†ุง
899
+
900
+ 240
901
+ 00:19:21,500 --> 00:19:24,760
902
+ stroking ุฃูˆ irritation ููŠ ุงู„ู€ medial aspect of
903
+
904
+ 241
905
+ 00:19:24,760 --> 00:19:28,480
906
+ thigh ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุญุฏุซ elevation of testis ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ
907
+
908
+ 242
909
+ 00:19:28,480 --> 00:19:32,640
910
+ elevation ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ุฎุตูŠุฉ corneal reflex ุฃูˆ
911
+
912
+ 243
913
+ 00:19:32,640 --> 00:19:38,640
914
+ conjunctival reflex ู„ูˆ ุฌุจู†ุง ู‚ุทุนุฉ ู‚ุทู† ุญุทูŠู†ุงู‡ุง ููŠ
915
+
916
+ 244
917
+ 00:19:38,640 --> 00:19:41,620
918
+ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ conjunctiva ู„ู…ุณู†ุงู‡ุง ุฅูŠุด ุญุฏุซ ู„ุนูŠู†ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰
919
+
920
+ 245
921
+ 00:19:41,620 --> 00:19:45,800
922
+ ุงู„ุณุฑูŠุน ุจู†ุบู…ุถ ุนูŠู†ู†ุง ูƒู†ุง ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนู†ุง corneal reflex
923
+
924
+ 246
925
+ 00:19:45,800 --> 00:19:49,040
926
+ ุฃูˆ conjunctival reflex ุจุฏูˆู† ู…ุง ุฅุญู†ุง ู†ููƒุฑ ููŠู‡
927
+
928
+ 247
929
+ 00:19:49,040 --> 00:19:52,480
930
+ ู…ุงุดูŠูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุดุงุฑุน ุฑูŠุญ ุบุจุฑุฉ ุฅุดุฑุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณุฑูŠุน ุฑุงุญ ุชุฌู…ุฏ
931
+
932
+ 248
933
+ 00:19:52,480 --> 00:19:57,780
934
+ ุบู…ุถ ุนูŠู†ูƒ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ู‡ุฐุง reflex ุนุดุงู† ุฃุญู…ูŠ ุนูŠู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุบุจุงุฑ
935
+
936
+ 249
937
+ 00:19:57,780 --> 00:20:03,870
938
+ ูˆู…ู† ุงู„ู‡ูˆุงุก palatal reflex ุงู„ู€ palatal reflex ููŠ ุญุงู„
939
+
940
+ 250
941
+ 00:20:03,870 --> 00:20:07,670
942
+ ุฃู†ุง ุนู…ู„ุช irritation ู„ู„ู€ soft palate ููŠ ุงู„ู€ mouth
943
+
944
+ 251
945
+ 00:20:07,670 --> 00:20:11,410
946
+ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ elevation ู„ู„ู€ soft palate ุจูŠุญุฏุซ elevation
947
+
948
+ 252
949
+ 00:20:11,410 --> 00:20:16,630
950
+ ู„ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ู„ู€ soft palate ูˆ gag reflex ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡
951
+
952
+ 253
953
+ 00:20:16,630 --> 00:20:21,050
954
+ pharyngeal reflex ู„ูˆ ุฃุฌูŠู†ุง ูุญุตู†ุง ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูˆุนู…ู„ู†ุง
955
+
956
+ 254
957
+ 00:20:21,050 --> 00:20:26,370
958
+ depression ุฃูˆ depressive ู„ู„ู€ tongue ุถุบุทู†ุง ุงู„ู€ tongue
959
+
960
+ 255
961
+ 00:20:26,370 --> 00:20:30,240
962
+ ุจู€ tongue depressor ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆุนู…ู„ู†ุง
963
+
964
+ 256
965
+ 00:20:30,240 --> 00:20:33,500
966
+ irritation ุจูˆุฑู‚ุฉ ูˆูˆุฑู‚ุฉ ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุนู…ู„ู†ุง ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ
967
+
968
+ 257
969
+ 00:20:33,500 --> 00:20:36,800
970
+ irritation ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ posterior wall of the pharynx ุจูŠุญุฏุซ
971
+
972
+ 258
973
+ 00:20:36,800 --> 00:20:40,040
974
+ contraction ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ pharyngeal muscle ูˆุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจูŠุนู…ู„
975
+
976
+ 259
977
+ 00:20:40,040 --> 00:20:44,000
978
+ vomiting ู…ู† ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ irritation of the posterior
979
+
980
+ 260
981
+ 00:20:44,000 --> 00:20:47,980
982
+ wall of the pharynx ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ gag reflex ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ
983
+
984
+ 261
985
+ 00:20:47,980 --> 00:20:51,600
986
+ ุงู„ู€ level ุนู„ู‰ ุฃูŠ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุจูŠุชู… ุงู„ู€ gag reflex ุจูŠุชู… ุนู„ู‰
987
+
988
+ 262
989
+ 00:20:51,600 --> 00:20:56,040
990
+ medallary level ุนุดุงู†ุŸ medullary level ุทุจ palatal
991
+
992
+ 263
993
+ 00:20:56,040 --> 00:21:01,940
994
+ reflex ุจูŠุชู… ุนู„ู‰ medullary level ุงู„ู€ corneal reflex ุจูŠุชู…
995
+
996
+ 264
997
+ 00:21:01,940 --> 00:21:09,850
998
+ ุนู„ู‰ pontine level cremasteric reflex ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€
999
+
1000
+ 265
1001
+ 00:21:09,850 --> 00:21:13,470
1002
+ spinal level inner reflex spinal level abdominal
1003
+
1004
+ 266
1005
+ 00:21:13,470 --> 00:21:18,770
1006
+ reflex ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ููŠ upper ูˆ middle ูˆ lower ุจูŠุชู…ูˆุง
1007
+
1008
+ 267
1009
+ 00:21:18,770 --> 00:21:22,730
1010
+ ุนู„ู‰ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ spinal level plantar reflex spinal
1011
+
1012
+ 268
1013
+ 00:21:22,730 --> 00:21:26,930
1014
+ level ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจูŠุชู…ูˆุง ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
1015
+
1016
+ 269
1017
+ 00:21:26,930 --> 00:21:30,990
1018
+ ุนู„ู‰ spinal level ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ู… spinal
1019
+
1020
+ 270
1021
+ 00:21:30,990 --> 00:21:35,070
1022
+ nerves ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ู… spinal nerves ู„ูƒู† corneal reflex
1023
+
1024
+ 271
1025
+ 00:21:35,070 --> 00:21:40,170
1026
+ palatal reflex ูˆ gag reflex ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ู… cranial
1027
+
1028
+ 272
1029
+ 00:21:40,170 --> 00:21:44,550
1030
+ nerves ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠุชู… ู…ูˆู‚ุนู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1031
+
1032
+ 273
1033
+ 00:21:44,550 --> 00:21:51,230
1034
+ ู‡ูˆ brainstem ู†ุฃุฎุฐ ู…ุซู„ corneal reflex corneal
1035
+
1036
+ 274
1037
+ 00:21:51,230 --> 00:21:56,390
1038
+ reflex ุงู„ุฃููŠุฑุงู†ุช ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„
1039
+
1040
+ 275
1041
+ 00:21:56,390 --> 00:21:57,910
1042
+ ุนู†ู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ sensory nerve
1043
+
1044
+ 276
1045
+ 00:22:00,520 --> 00:22:07,120
1046
+ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ V1 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ophthalmic branch of trigeminal ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
1047
+
1048
+ 277
1049
+ 00:22:07,120 --> 00:22:15,820
1050
+ nerve ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ู€ efferent ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1051
+
1052
+ 278
1053
+ 00:22:15,820 --> 00:22:22,680
1054
+ ู‡ูˆ motor ูŠุนุชุจุฑ facial nerve facial nerve ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1055
+
1056
+ 279
1057
+ 00:22:22,680 --> 00:22:27,400
1058
+ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ contraction ู„ู„ู€ orbicularis oculi muscle ุงู„ู€
1059
+
1060
+ 280
1061
+ 00:22:27,400 --> 00:22:39,930
1062
+ palatal reflex ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ efferent sensory ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
1063
+
1064
+ 281
1065
+ 00:22:39,930 --> 00:22:45,510
1066
+ V2 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve
1067
+
1068
+ 282
1069
+ 00:22:45,510 --> 00:22:54,850
1070
+ ุทูŠุจ efferent ุงู„ู€ motor ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
1071
+
1072
+ 283
1073
+ 00:22:54,850 --> 00:22:59,490
1074
+ vagus nerve ุฒุงุฆุฏ cranial
1075
+
1076
+ 284
1077
+ 00:23:02,360 --> 00:23:07,620
1078
+ accessory ุฒุงุฆุฏ cranial accessory ูˆ gag reflex ุฃูˆ
1079
+
1080
+ 285
1081
+ 00:23:07,620 --> 00:23:17,260
1082
+ pharyngeal reflex afferent ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ sensory ู…ุณุคูˆู„
1083
+
1084
+ 286
1085
+ 00:23:17,260 --> 00:23:21,660
1086
+ ุนู†ู‡ ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ sensory ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ glossopharyngeal
1087
+
1088
+ 287
1089
+ 00:23:21,660 --> 00:23:26,880
1090
+ nerve ุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ efferent
1091
+
1092
+ 288
1093
+ 00:23:32,660 --> 00:23:39,100
1094
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู€ palatal ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† vagus nerve ุฒุงุฆุฏ cranial
1095
+
1096
+ 289
1097
+ 00:23:39,100 --> 00:23:45,980
1098
+ accessory ู‡ุฐุง ููŠ ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… cranial reflexes
1099
+
1100
+ 290
1101
+ 00:23:58,090 --> 00:24:02,910
1102
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฅู† ุฃู†ุง ู„ูˆ ุฌุจุช ู‚ุทุนุฉ ู‚ุทู† ูˆู…ุดูŠุชู‡ุง ุญุฑูƒุชู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰
1103
+
1104
+ 291
1105
+ 00:24:02,910 --> 00:24:06,470
1106
+ conjunctiva of the eye ุฑุงุญ ูŠุดุนุฑูˆุง ุจุงู„ู€ irritation
1107
+
1108
+ 292
1109
+ 00:24:06,470 --> 00:24:09,450
1110
+ ุงู„ู€ receptor ุฑุงุญ ูŠุดุนุฑูˆุง ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1111
+
1112
+ 293
1113
+ 00:24:09,450 --> 00:24:12,430
1114
+ ophthalmic nerve of the trigeminal ุฑุงุญ ูŠุฃุชูŠ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ
1115
+
1116
+ 294
1117
+ 00:24:12,430 --> 00:24:17,710
1118
+ ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ู€ brain stem ู„ู„ู€ pons ูˆู…ู†ู‡ุง ุชุฑุฌุน ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุจุงู„ู€
1119
+
1120
+ 295
1121
+ 00:24:17,710 --> 00:24:20,430
1122
+ motor fibers ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ู€ facial nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุบู…ุถ
1123
+
1124
+ 296
1125
+ 00:24:20,430 --> 00:24:23,750
1126
+ ู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูŠุนู…ู„ closure ู„ู„ู€ eye ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠ reflex
1127
+
1128
+ 297
1129
+ 00:24:23,750 --> 00:24:29,640
1130
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ conjunctival ุฃูˆ corneal reflex ุทูŠุจ deep
1131
+
1132
+ 298
1133
+ 00:24:29,640 --> 00:24:35,260
1134
+ reflexes ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… proprioceptive ุฃูˆ stretch spinal
1135
+
1136
+ 299
1137
+ 00:24:35,260 --> 00:24:42,660
1138
+ reflex ุฒูŠ knee jerkุŒ biceps reflexุŒ triceps reflexุŒ
1139
+
1140
+ 300
1141
+ 00:24:42,660 --> 00:24:46,840
1142
+ supinator ุฃูˆ brachioradialis reflexุŒ knee reflex
1143
+
1144
+ 301
1145
+ 00:24:47,680 --> 00:24:52,120
1146
+ ankle ุฃูˆ Achilles reflex ุฃูˆ jerk ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ุถุฑุจู†ุง ุน ุงู„ู€
1147
+
1148
+ 302
1149
+ 00:24:52,120 --> 00:24:58,120
1150
+ tendon of biceps ุจุงู„ู…ุทุฑู‚ุฉ ุจุชุงุนูŠ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุญุฏุซ ุฅูŠู‡
1151
+
1152
+ 303
1153
+ 00:24:58,120 --> 00:25:02,940
1154
+ friction ู„ู„ู€ elbow ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ reflex deep ู„ูƒู† ู„ูŠู‡ deep
1155
+
1156
+ 304
1157
+ 00:25:02,940 --> 00:25:11,900
1158
+ ู„ุฃู† ุชุญุฑูƒ ุงู„ู…ูุตู„ ุจุชุงุนู‡ human reflex arc the reflex
1159
+
1160
+ 305
1161
+ 00:25:11,900 --> 00:25:20,630
1162
+ arc include afferent input sensory nerve center
1163
+
1164
+ 306
1165
+ 00:25:20,630 --> 00:25:25,010
1166
+ ุฃูˆ interneuron ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ integrative center ูˆ
1167
+
1168
+ 307
1169
+ 00:25:25,010 --> 00:25:30,210
1170
+ efferent output ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ motor you can afferent
1171
+
1172
+ 308
1173
+ 00:25:30,210 --> 00:25:37,330
1174
+ input ุฃู†ุง ุฃูˆ
1175
+
1176
+ 309
1177
+ 00:25:37,330 --> 00:25:43,830
1178
+ ู‡ุงู† again afferent input ุฃูˆ sensory nerve center ุฃูˆ
1179
+
1180
+ 310
1181
+ 00:25:43,830 --> 00:25:47,930
1182
+ interneurons ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ integrative center ูˆ if you
1183
+
1184
+ 311
1185
+ 00:25:47,930 --> 00:25:58,970
1186
+ want output ุฃูˆ ุฅูŠู‡ motor ู†ุดูˆู
1187
+
1188
+ 312
1189
+ 00:25:58,970 --> 00:26:06,890
1190
+ reflex arc ู‚ุจู„ ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก ู†ุฌูŠุจ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ reflex arc
1191
+
1192
+ 313
1193
+ 00:26:06,890 --> 00:26:10,710
1194
+ knee jerk ุฅูŠุด ุญุฏุซ ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ knee jerk ุนู…ู„ู†ุง
1195
+
1196
+ 314
1197
+ 00:26:20,700 --> 00:26:25,220
1198
+ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุจุฏุฃุช ุชุฑูˆุญ ุจุงู„ู€ Afferent ุจุงู„ู€ Sensory Input
1199
+
1200
+ 315
1201
+ 00:26:25,220 --> 00:26:34,070
1202
+ ุทู„ุนุช ุจุงู„ู€ Sensory Fibers of the femoral nerve ู‡ูˆ
1203
+
1204
+ 316
1205
+ 00:26:34,070 --> 00:26:37,990
1206
+ ุฑุงุญุช ู„ู„ู€ posterior ganglion ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠ ุจุชุฑูˆุญ ู„ู„ู€ posterior
1207
+
1208
+ 317
1209
+ 00:26:37,990 --> 00:26:47,350
1210
+ horn cells ู‡ู†ุง ุฎู„ุต ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ู€ sensory input
1211
+
1212
+ 318
1213
+ 00:26:47,350 --> 00:26:49,650
1214
+ you gonna have ุงู„ู€ efferent pathway ุจุชุงุนู‡
1215
+
1216
+ 319
1217
+ 00:26:54,260 --> 00:26:59,660
1218
+ ู„ุงุฒู… ู†ู†ู‚ู„ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ู† sensory input ู„ู€ motor output
1219
+
1220
+ 320
1221
+ 00:26:59,660 --> 00:27:04,260
1222
+ ุทุจ ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู†ู‚ู„ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… Interneurons
1223
+
1224
+ 321
1225
+ 00:27:07,510 --> 00:27:11,530
1226
+ ู‡ูŠ ู‡ู… interneurons ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ posterior
1227
+
1228
+ 322
1229
+ 00:27:11,530 --> 00:27:16,990
1230
+ horn cells ูˆุงู„ู€ anterior horn cells ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ segment ูˆ
1231
+
1232
+ 323
1233
+ 00:27:16,990 --> 00:27:22,670
1234
+ ู…ู† ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ู„ู‡ู… regulationุŸ Corticospinal tract ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1235
+
1236
+ 324
1237
+ 00:27:22,670 --> 00:27:28,690
1238
+ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ cortex ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ู„ู‡ู… regulation ุทูŠุจ
1239
+
1240
+ 325
1241
+ 00:27:28,690 --> 00:27:34,330
1242
+ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุจุฑุฌุน ุงู„ู€ output motor ุจุงู„ู€ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ anterior horn
1243
+
1244
+ 326
1245
+ 00:27:34,330 --> 00:27:39,050
1246
+ cells ููŠ motor neurons ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุจูŠุทู„ุน ุจุงู„ู€ anterior
1247
+
1248
+ 327
1249
+ 00:27:39,050 --> 00:27:44,490
1250
+ root ูˆ ุจูŠุฑุฌุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ motor fibers of the femoral
1251
+
1252
+ 328
1253
+ 00:27:44,490 --> 00:27:49,860
1254
+ nerve ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ูŠุบุฐูŠู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ muscle fibers of
1255
+
1256
+ 329
1257
+ 00:27:49,860 --> 00:27:53,720
1258
+ quadriceps muscle ุจูŠุญุฏุซ contraction ููŠ ุงู„ู€
1259
+
1260
+ 330
1261
+ 00:27:53,720 --> 00:27:57,900
1262
+ quadriceps ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ contraction ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ knee
1263
+
1264
+ 331
1265
+ 00:27:57,900 --> 00:28:02,820
1266
+ extension knee extension ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ reflex ุฃู†ุง
1267
+
1268
+ 332
1269
+ 00:28:02,820 --> 00:28:07,560
1270
+ ุดุฑุญุช ู„ูƒู… ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ knee reflex ุฃูˆ knee jerk
1271
+
1272
+ 333
1273
+ 00:28:19,680 --> 00:28:26,480
1274
+ Okay ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ู€ knee jerk ู†ุฑุฌุน reflex arc ุฅุญู†ุง ุจู†ุนู…ู„
1275
+
1276
+ 334
1277
+ 00:28:26,480 --> 00:28:33,460
1278
+ stretch reflex ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑู‡ ุจู†ุนู…ู„ ุฅูŠู‡ tapping ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€
1279
+
1280
+ 335
1281
+ 00:28:33,460 --> 00:28:37,660
1282
+ tendon of the muscle ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุฑุงุญ ุชุฑูˆุญ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
1283
+
1284
+ 336
1285
+ 00:28:37,660 --> 00:28:43,930
1286
+ receptor ุนู„ู‰ sensory fibers of the nerve ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ
1287
+
1288
+ 337
1289
+ 00:28:43,930 --> 00:28:47,090
1290
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ posterior root ganglion ู‡ุชุฏุฎู„ ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
1291
+
1292
+ 338
1293
+ 00:28:47,090 --> 00:28:50,150
1294
+ ู„ู„ู€ posterior horn cells
1295
+
1296
+ 339
1297
+ 00:28:50,150 --> 00:28:55,310
1298
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ posterior horn cells ู„ุงุฒู… ุชู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1299
+
1300
+ 340
1301
+ 00:28:55,310 --> 00:29:00,670
1302
+ ุงู„ู€ anterior horn cells ูˆุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง sensory ู‡ุฐุง ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ sensory
1303
+
1304
+ 341
1305
+ 00:29:00,670 --> 00:29:01,310
1306
+ pathway
1307
+
1308
+ 342
1309
+ 00:29:06,010 --> 00:29:10,290
1310
+ ู„ุงุฒู… ุชู†ุชู‚ู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ุชู†ุชู‚ู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ุนู†
1311
+
1312
+ 343
1313
+ 00:29:10,290 --> 00:29:14,150
1314
+ ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡ Interneuron ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู€ level ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ
1315
+
1316
+ 344
1317
+ 00:29:14,150 --> 00:29:18,250
1318
+ ุงู„ู€ segment ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุจูŠู† posterior horn cells and
1319
+
1320
+ 345
1321
+ 00:29:18,250 --> 00:29:22,510
1322
+ anterior horn cells ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุชุฑุฌุน ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ
1323
+
1324
+ 346
1325
+ 00:29:22,510 --> 00:29:26,130
1326
+ neuron ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ anterior horn cells ุนุจุฑ ุงู„ู€
1327
+
1328
+ 347
1329
+ 00:29:26,130 --> 00:29:30,640
1330
+ anterior root ุนุจุฑ ุงู„ู€ motor fibers of the nerve
1331
+
1332
+ 348
1333
+ 00:29:30,640 --> 00:29:35,180
1334
+ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ contraction ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆุจูŠุคุฏูŠ
1335
+
1336
+ 349
1337
+ 00:29:35,180 --> 00:29:42,800
1338
+ ุงู„ู€ reflex ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ reflex arc ุฃู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡
1339
+
1340
+ 350
1341
+ 00:29:42,800 --> 00:29:47,880
1342
+ ุดุฑุญุช ู„ูƒู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ deep reflex ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ู€ knee jerk
1343
+
1344
+ 351
1345
+ 00:29:47,880 --> 00:29:53,580
1346
+ ุงู„ู€ knee jerk ูˆุชูƒู„ู…ุช ุนู†ู‡ ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ุงู„ู€ slide ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ
1347
+
1348
+ 352
1349
+ 00:29:53,580 --> 00:29:58,350
1350
+ ุจูŠูƒุฑุฑ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ knee jerk ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
1351
+
1352
+ 353
1353
+ 00:29:58,350 --> 00:30:02,430
1354
+ stretch reflex induced by stimulation of receptor
1355
+
1356
+ 354
1357
+ 00:30:02,430 --> 00:30:07,950
1358
+ by tapping of the patellar tendon of quadriceps
1359
+
1360
+ 355
1361
+ 00:30:07,950 --> 00:30:11,570
1362
+ muscle ู„ูˆ ุถุฑุจู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ patellar tendon ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ู€
1363
+
1364
+ 356
1365
+ 00:30:11,570 --> 00:30:15,630
1366
+ quadriceps muscle ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู‡ุชุฑูˆุญ ุจุงู„ู€ sensory fibers
1367
+
1368
+ 357
1369
+ 00:30:15,630 --> 00:30:19,030
1370
+ of the femoral nerve ุชุฏุฎู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ posterior root ุจุนุฏู‡ุง
1371
+
1372
+ 358
1373
+ 00:30:19,030 --> 00:30:23,460
1374
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ posterior horn cells ุฎู„ุต ุงู„ู€ sensory input ุจุนุฏู‡ุง
1375
+
1376
+ 359
1377
+ 00:30:23,460 --> 00:30:27,960
1378
+ ุชุชุญูˆู„ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู„ู€ motor output ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ูุงุตู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1379
+
1380
+ 360
1381
+ 00:30:27,960 --> 00:30:31,760
1382
+ ู‡ูˆ Interneurons Interneurons ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูˆุงุฌุจุชู‡ู…
1383
+
1384
+ 361
1385
+ 00:30:31,760 --> 00:30:38,250
1386
+ integrative center ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… Center for reflex ุจุนุฏ
1387
+
1388
+ 362
1389
+ 00:30:38,250 --> 00:30:43,470
1390
+ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุจุชุฑุฌุน ุจุงู„ู€ anterior root ู„ู€ motor
1391
+
1392
+ 363
1393
+ 00:30:43,470 --> 00:30:46,890
1394
+ fibers of the femoral nerve ุจูŠุนู…ู„ supplying ู„ู€
1395
+
1396
+ 364
1397
+ 00:30:46,890 --> 00:30:49,550
1398
+ quadriceps muscle quadriceps muscle ุจุชุญุตู„ ู„ู‡ุง
1399
+
1400
+ 365
1401
+ 00:30:49,550 --> 00:30:53,470
1402
+ contraction ูˆุฅุญู†ุง ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุงู„ู€ quadriceps contraction
1403
+
1404
+ 366
1405
+ 00:30:53,470 --> 00:30:59,810
1406
+ leads to extension of the knee joint ุจูŠุนู…ู„
1407
+
1408
+ 367
1409
+ 00:30:59,810 --> 00:31:05,530
1410
+ extension ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ knee joint ุทูŠุจ visceral ุฃูˆ
1411
+
1412
+ 368
1413
+ 00:31:05,530 --> 00:31:10,550
1414
+ autonomic reflexes ู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ู… micturition reflex ุงู„ู€
1415
+
1416
+ 369
1417
+ 00:31:10,550 --> 00:31:13,470
1418
+ reflex ุฑุฏ ุงู„ูุนู„ ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ุชุจูˆู„ ุฅุญู†ุง ูƒู†ุง ุจู†ุตุญู‰ ุตุจุงุญู‹ุง
1419
+
1420
+ 370
1421
+ 00:31:13,470 --> 00:31:17,090
1422
+ ุจู†ุฑูˆุญ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุฉ ุจู†ุนู…ู„ micturition ู‡ุฐุง reflex ุงุซู†ูŠู†
1423
+
1424
+ 371
1425
+ 00:31:17,090 --> 00:31:23,530
1426
+ defecation reflex ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ุชุจุฑุฒ erection reflex
1427
+
1428
+ 372
1429
+ 00:31:27,180 --> 00:31:31,440
1430
+ that inhibits gastrointestinal motility in response
1431
+
1432
+ 373
1433
+ 00:31:31,440 --> 00:31:35,640
1434
+ to peritoneal irritation ู„ูˆ ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู†ุฏู‡ peritonitis
1435
+
1436
+ 374
1437
+ 00:31:35,640 --> 00:31:39,980
1438
+ inflammation of the peritoneum ููŠ reflex ุจูŠู‚ู„ู„
1439
+
1440
+ 375
1441
+ 00:31:39,980 --> 00:31:45,420
1442
+ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุนุงุก ุนุดุงู† ูŠู‚ู„ู„ ุงู„ุฃู„ู… ููŠ ุฌุฏุงุฑ ุงู„ุจุทู† ู‡ุฐุง
1443
+
1444
+ 376
1445
+ 00:31:45,420 --> 00:31:50,440
1446
+ reflex ุฑุฏ ูุนู„ ุดุบู„ Autonomic reflexes in the spinal
1447
+
1448
+ 377
1449
+ 00:31:50,440 --> 00:31:52,580
1450
+ cord ู…ูŠู† ู‡ู… ุงู„ู€ Autonomic reflexes in the spinal
1451
+
1452
+ 378
1453
+ 00:31:52,580 --> 00:31:58,640
1454
+ cordุŸ change in vascular tone resulting from change
1455
+
1456
+ 379
1457
+ 00:31:58,640 --> 00:32:03,440
1458
+ in local skin temperature ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฑุฏ ุฃูˆ ุจุงุฑุฏ ุจุงู„ู„ุงุญุธ ..
1459
+
1460
+ 380
1461
+ 00:32:03,440 --> 00:32:06,960
1462
+ ุจุงู„ู„ุงุญุธ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ vasoconstrictionุŒ spasm ู„ู„ู€ artery
1463
+
1464
+ 381
1465
+ 00:32:06,960 --> 00:32:10,780
1466
+ ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ู„ูˆู†ู‡ ุดุงุญุจ ุฃุจูŠุถ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ spasm ุนุดุงู†
1467
+
1468
+ 382
1469
+ 00:32:10,780 --> 00:32:14,420
1470
+ ูŠุญุงูุธ ุนู„ู‰ ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุฌุณู…ู‡ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ู„ูˆ ุฏุฎู„ู†ุง
1471
+
1472
+ 383
1473
+ 00:32:14,420 --> 00:32:18,560
1474
+ ุงู„ู€ sauna ุฃูˆ ููŠ ูุตู„ ุงู„ุตูŠู ุฃูˆ ุบุตุต ุจูŠุญุฏุซ vasodilationุŒ
1475
+
1476
+ 384
1477
+ 00:32:18,560 --> 00:32:23,160
1478
+ ุจุชูˆุณุน ุงู„ุดุฑุงูŠูŠู† ุนุดุงู† ูŠุฎุฑุฌู‘ูˆุง ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ูˆูŠู‚ู„ู„ ุงู„ู€ ..
1479
+
1480
+ 385
1481
+ 00:32:23,160 --> 00:32:28,120
1482
+ ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ temperature ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุฌุณู… sweating
1483
+
1484
+ 386
1485
+ 00:32:28,120 --> 00:32:33,680
1486
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ุน
1487
+
1488
+ 401
1489
+ 00:33:30,740 --> 00:33:35,720
1490
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฑุงุญ ู†ูƒู…ู„ ุงู„ู€ motor unit ูˆ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
1491
+
1492
+ 402
1493
+ 00:33:35,720 --> 00:33:39,780
1494
+ ุงู„ู€ muscle tissue ูˆ ุงู„ู€ muscle fibers ูˆ ุงู„ู€ muscle
1495
+
1496
+ 403
1497
+ 00:33:39,780 --> 00:33:41,940
1498
+ contraction of the skeletal muscle
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/B8GDzVZC_GE_postprocess.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,1612 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:05,870 --> 00:00:09,050
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:09,050 --> 00:00:14,350
7
+ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุฑุงุญ ู†ูƒูˆู†ู…ุนุงูƒู… ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑุฉ ู‡ูŠ
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:14,350 --> 00:00:19,650
11
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน 14 ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ุฃุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ Anatomy
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:19,650 --> 00:00:24,870
15
+ and physiology of the motor system part 2 ุจู‚ู‰
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:24,870 --> 00:00:28,730
19
+ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง slide ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุชุงู„ุช ุนุดุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:28,730 --> 00:00:33,710
23
+ differential between the upper motor neuron and
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:33,710 --> 00:00:38,110
27
+ lower motor neuron ูƒูŠู ู†ูุฑุฌ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ upper motor
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:38,110 --> 00:00:43,380
31
+ neuron and lower motor neuronููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:43,380 --> 00:00:50,000
35
+ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ ุงู† ุงู„ upper motoneuron upper motoneuron
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:50,000 --> 00:00:58,460
39
+ Legion ุงู…ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† corticospinal
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:58,460 --> 00:01:06,940
43
+ tract lesion ุงูˆ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุงู„ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ cranial nerves
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:01:06,940 --> 00:01:14,290
47
+ corticospinal tract lesionุจุงู„ุจุฑ ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:14,290 --> 00:01:21,290
51
+ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:21,290 --> 00:01:28,270
55
+ ุชุฑุงูƒุช ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:28,270 --> 00:01:28,730
59
+ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:28,730 --> 00:01:29,270
63
+ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:29,270 --> 00:01:29,410
67
+ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:29,410 --> 00:01:33,890
71
+ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:39,390 --> 00:01:52,230
75
+ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† nuclear lesion of cranial nerves ุงู„ู„ูŠ
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:52,230 --> 00:01:57,970
79
+ ู‡ู… motor cranial nerves motor cranial nerves ุงุซู†ูŠู†
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:57,970 --> 00:02:02,590
83
+ anterior horn cells lesion
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:02:08,320 --> 00:02:13,100
87
+ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ cranial and
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:02:13,100 --> 00:02:18,840
91
+ spinal nerve lesion ู‡ุฐุง ูƒู„ู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฑู…ูˆุฒ ู…ุทู„ูˆุน
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:18,840 --> 00:02:29,520
95
+ neuro muscular and muscle fibers
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:31,280 --> 00:02:37,780
99
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Antiviral cells ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ู…ุตู„ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ lower motor
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:37,780 --> 00:02:41,760
103
+ neuron lesion ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฑู†ุณูŠู… ู…ู† ุงู„ motor
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:41,760 --> 00:02:45,440
107
+ nuclei in the ุจุฑู†ุณูŠู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุงุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ cranial
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:45,440 --> 00:02:49,640
111
+ nerves ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง ุฃุตู„ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ fibers ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ lower
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:49,640 --> 00:02:55,820
115
+ motor neuron lesion ุงูˆู„ ุดูŠุก ุงู„ location of lesion
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:56,930 --> 00:03:01,470
119
+ ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ Upper Motoneuron ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Area IV
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:03:01,470 --> 00:03:04,310
123
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Precentral Gyrus ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง ุฃุตู„ ุงู„ู€
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:03:04,310 --> 00:03:07,350
127
+ Anterior Horn Cells ุญุณุจ ุงู„ู€ Segment ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:03:07,350 --> 00:03:09,890
131
+ Upper Motoneuron Lesion ุฅุฐุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ู€ cranial
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:03:09,890 --> 00:03:15,290
135
+ nerves ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Area IV ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง ุฃุตู„ ุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:15,290 --> 00:03:19,010
139
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ in the brainstem ูŠุนุชุจุฑ Upper Motoneuron
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:19,010 --> 00:03:21,850
143
+ Lesion ูŠู‚ูˆู„ Upper Motoneuron Lesion ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:21,850 --> 00:03:27,020
147
+ Damage of Corticospinal ุฃูˆ Corticobulbar tractุทุจ
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:27,020 --> 00:03:30,540
151
+ lower motor neuron ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฏู…ุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ anterior
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:30,540 --> 00:03:34,080
155
+ horn cells ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ muscle fibers ุฃูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ motor
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:34,080 --> 00:03:37,920
159
+ nuclei of the brain stem ุงู„ุชุงุจุนูŠู† ู„ู„ cranial
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:37,920 --> 00:03:41,780
163
+ nerves ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ muscle fibers ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ lower motor
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:41,780 --> 00:03:45,680
167
+ neuron lesion ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุงู„ุขู† ุนู„ู‰ corticospinal
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:45,680 --> 00:03:49,100
171
+ tract ุฑุญ ุฃุฑูƒุฒ ุนู„ู‰ corticospinal location of
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:03:49,100 --> 00:03:55,860
175
+ paralysisุฅุญู†ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุฅู†ู‡ Corticospinal tract ุจูŠุนู…ู„
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:03:55,860 --> 00:03:59,620
179
+ incomplete decassation crossing ููŠ lower part of
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:03:59,620 --> 00:04:03,480
183
+ medulla ุฃูˆ ุจู„ู†ุฌุงุช ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ุงุณู…ู‡ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:03,480 --> 00:04:09,220
187
+ decassation ุฃูˆ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ ุงู„ crossing ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุญุฏุซ
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:09,220 --> 00:04:13,620
191
+ damage ู„ Corticospinal tract ุงู„ paralysis located
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:13,620 --> 00:04:18,620
195
+ below the level of lesion ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุญุฏุซ damage
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:21,630 --> 00:04:24,850
199
+ below the level of lesion ููŠ paralysis ุญุฏุซ damage
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:24,850 --> 00:04:28,350
203
+ ููŠ ุงู„ spinal cord below the level of lesion ููŠ
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:28,350 --> 00:04:34,390
207
+ paralysis ู„ูƒู† ุงู†ุชุจ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุฏู…ุฌ ููŠ ุงู„ brain ูŠุนู†ูŠ
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:04:34,390 --> 00:04:39,970
211
+ above decassation ุงู„ paralysis ุฃูˆ ุงู„ hemiplegia
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:04:39,970 --> 00:04:43,470
215
+ ุฑุงุญ ุชูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ opposite side ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงู‡
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:04:43,470 --> 00:04:48,450
219
+ ุฌุฑุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ left cerebral hemisphereุงู„ุดู„ุฑ
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:04:48,450 --> 00:04:50,710
223
+ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right side ู„ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฅู† ุงู„
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:04:50,710 --> 00:04:53,370
227
+ damage ุญุฏุซ ุนู†ุฏู‡ above the crossing above the
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:04:53,370 --> 00:04:57,310
231
+ cassation ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงู‡ ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุจู„
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:04:57,310 --> 00:05:03,150
235
+ ุงู„ุดูˆูƒูŠ spinal cord injury ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู†ุตู of motor
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:03,150 --> 00:05:06,820
239
+ function ุจู„ูˆ ุฏู‡ level of lesionู„ูƒู† ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู€
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:06,820 --> 00:05:10,780
243
+ side ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ููŠู‡ damage ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right ุงู„ุดู„ุงู„ ุนู„ู‰
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:10,780 --> 00:05:14,320
247
+ ุงู„ right damage left ุดู„ุงู„ left ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุญุฏุซ
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:14,320 --> 00:05:18,580
251
+ damage ู„ corticospinal tract below decassation
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:05:18,580 --> 00:05:24,960
255
+ below crossing ูˆุงุถุญุŸ okay again ุงู„ location of
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:05:24,960 --> 00:05:29,990
259
+ paralysis below the level of lesioncontralateral
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:05:29,990 --> 00:05:33,110
263
+ above decassation ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุฏู…ุฌ above decassationุŒ
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:05:33,110 --> 00:05:36,410
267
+ ุงู„ู€ symptom ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ contralateral ุตุนุจ ุทุจ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:05:36,410 --> 00:05:40,210
271
+ below decassationุŒ ุฅุจุณูŠ lateralุŒ ุฅุจุณูŠ lateral ุนู„ู‰
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:05:40,210 --> 00:05:45,870
275
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู€ side ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ lower motor neuronุŒ ุฅุจุณูŠ
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:05:45,870 --> 00:05:50,950
279
+ lateral at the level of lesion ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒูŠู ุญุฏุซ ุงู„ุฏู…ุฌ
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:05:50,950 --> 00:05:57,160
283
+ ู„ู€ axillary nerve ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right sideุฃูˆ ุงู„
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:05:57,160 --> 00:06:03,440
287
+ antihorses of C5 segment ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right ุนู„ู‰ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู„ู‰
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:06:03,440 --> 00:06:07,680
291
+ ุงู„ right side ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ูŠู† ุฑุงุญ ูŠุญุฏุซ ุดู„ุงู„ ุงูˆ
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:06:07,680 --> 00:06:12,320
295
+ damageุŸ deltoid muscle ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฏู„ุชูˆูŠุฏ muscle ุฑุงุญ ุชู†ุดู„
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:06:12,320 --> 00:06:16,040
299
+ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ูˆุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ level ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ lower
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:06:16,040 --> 00:06:20,460
303
+ motor neuron symptoms ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฅุจุณูŠ lateral ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:06:20,460 --> 00:06:26,100
307
+ ุงู„ sideูˆุน ู†ูุณ ุงู„ level ุงู†ุง ุจุดุจู‡ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู‡ุฐุง ุจุฎุท
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:06:26,100 --> 00:06:30,620
311
+ ูƒู‡ุฑุจ ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ุฎุท ูƒู‡ุฑุจ ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ู‡ุงูŠ ุฎุท ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:06:30,620 --> 00:06:42,700
315
+ ู…ุงุดูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ูˆ ุจุณู„ู… ู„ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ูˆ
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:06:42,700 --> 00:06:48,430
319
+ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ุฑุงุญ ูŠุณู„ู… ุงู„ nerveู†ุงุฎุฏู‡ุง
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:06:48,430 --> 00:06:52,050
323
+ ุจู„ูˆู† ุซุงู†ูŠ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ upper motor neuron ู†ุฑุณู…ู‡ ุจุงู„ู„ูˆู†
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:06:52,050 --> 00:06:58,490
327
+ ุงู„ุฃุณูˆุฏ ุนุดุงู† ู†ุชู‡ู…ู‡ ุตุญ ู‡ู†ุง
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:06:58,490 --> 00:07:02,650
331
+ above decassation ูˆู‡ู†ุง below decassation ุงู„ fibers
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:07:02,650 --> 00:07:09,090
335
+ ุชุจุนุชู‡ุง ุฑุงุญ ุชุณู„ู… ู„ูƒู„ level ู„ู„ anterior horn cells
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:07:09,090 --> 00:07:14,390
339
+ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ุฑุงุญ ุชุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:07:14,390 --> 00:07:17,630
343
+ anterior horn cells ุชุณู„ู… ู„ู„ nerve ู„ู„ู…uscleู„ู„ู†ูŠุฑูˆ
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:07:17,630 --> 00:07:27,110
347
+ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:07:27,110 --> 00:07:27,130
351
+ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:07:27,130 --> 00:07:30,930
355
+ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:07:30,930 --> 00:07:36,570
359
+ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:07:36,570 --> 00:07:41,130
363
+ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุต
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:07:42,580 --> 00:07:46,560
367
+ ุจุตูŠุฑ ุดู„ู„ ุชุญุช ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉุŒ ุจุณ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุงูƒุณุฉุŒ
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:07:46,560 --> 00:07:49,120
371
+ ุนูˆูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุงูƒุณุฉ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ damage above
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:07:49,120 --> 00:07:52,460
375
+ decussationุŒ ูู‡ู… ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู‡ุฐุงุŸ ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุญุฏ ุงู„ุฏู…ุฌ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:07:52,460 --> 00:07:55,520
379
+ spinal cordุŒ ู„ู„ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ spinal tractุŒ ู„ุชุฑู‚ู‰
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:07:55,520 --> 00:08:00,040
383
+ ุงู„ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ spinal tractุจุตูŠุฑ ุดุงู„ ุชุญุช ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:08:00,040 --> 00:08:02,700
387
+ ูƒู„ู‡ ุจู†ุดุงู„ ุจุณ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ู„ุฅู† ู‡ูˆ ุฏู‡ periodic
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:08:02,700 --> 00:08:06,620
391
+ succession ุฃู†ุง ุจุดุจู‡ู‡ ุจุฎุท ูƒู‡ุฑุจ ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ู†ุงุฒู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏุฑุงุฌ
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:08:06,620 --> 00:08:11,900
395
+ ูˆ ุจูˆุฒู‡ู‡ ู„ูƒู„ ุทุงุจู‚ ู„ูƒู„ ุดุฌุฉ ู„ูˆ ุงู†ู‚ุทุน ุงู„ุฎุท ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ูƒู„ู‡
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:08:11,900 --> 00:08:16,040
399
+ ุจูŠูุตู„ ุชุญุช๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ูƒู„ู‡ ุจูŠูุตู„ ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ููŠ ุดุฌุฉ ุฑู‚ู…
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:08:16,040 --> 00:08:21,840
403
+ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ู…ุด ุฏุงูุนุฉ ูƒู‡ุฑุจ ุตุงุญุจู‡ุง ูˆ ุฃุฌูŠุจ ุฏู†ูŠูˆ ุชุนุงู…ู„ ูƒู‡ุฑุจ
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:08:21,840 --> 00:08:25,700
407
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ ุฅูŠุด ุฑุญ ูŠูุตู„ูˆุงุŸ ุฑุญ ูŠูุตู„ูˆุง ุงู„ุณู„ูƒ ุจุชุงุน
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:08:25,700 --> 00:08:33,200
411
+ ุงู„ุดุฌุฉ ู†ูุณู‡ุงููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ุŒ ุงูŠุด ุฑุงุญ ูŠุญุฏุซ ู„ู†ุงุŸ ู…ุง ุฑุงุญ
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:08:33,200 --> 00:08:37,140
415
+ ุชุฑูˆุญ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ muscleุŒ ุฑุงุญ ุชู†ุดู„ ุงู„ muscle ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:08:37,140 --> 00:08:40,900
419
+ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูู‚ุท ู‡ู†ุง ุฑุงุญ ุชู†ุดู„ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:08:40,900 --> 00:08:44,420
423
+ ูˆ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ูˆ ุฃุฌูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ู…ุด ุณูŠู†ุงูุน ูƒู‡ุฑุจุŒ
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:08:44,420 --> 00:08:49,170
427
+ ูˆู‚ุทุน ุนู† ุณู„ูƒ ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจ ุจุชุงุน ุดู‚ุชู‡ุงู„ุนู…ุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุจุฑุฌ ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจ
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:08:49,170 --> 00:08:53,190
431
+ ุฌุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ูˆูŠุฑุฏุณ ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจ ุจุณ ุงู„ุดู‚ุฉ ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:08:53,190 --> 00:08:58,350
435
+ ุงู„ูˆุฑู…ูˆุชูˆู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ูˆุฑู…ูˆุชูˆู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุฅุจุณูŠ lateral at
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:08:58,350 --> 00:09:04,430
439
+ the riddle of the same sideุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉ Paralysis ู…ู†
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:09:04,430 --> 00:09:08,130
443
+ ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุจุชูƒูˆู† Spastic Spastic
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:09:08,130 --> 00:09:11,390
447
+ due to spasticity ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ ุงู„ shock stage ุงู†
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:09:11,390 --> 00:09:14,030
451
+ ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ ุณู†ุฉ ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ุจุดุฑุญู„ูƒูˆุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู†ุถู„ู†ุง ุทูŠุจูŠู†
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:09:14,030 --> 00:09:18,210
455
+ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ shock stage ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† Spastic ุนู†ุฏู‡ู…
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:09:18,210 --> 00:09:21,930
459
+ muscle hypertonia hyperreflexia ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:09:21,930 --> 00:09:25,410
463
+ ุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ูู„ุณูุฉ muscle hypotonia
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:09:25,410 --> 00:09:31,690
467
+ ูˆhyperreflexia ูˆareflexiaู†ุฌูŠู†ุง ุงู„ muscle ุงูŠุด ุงู„ูุฑู‚
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:09:31,690 --> 00:09:34,530
471
+ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ upper motoneuron ูˆ ุงู„ lower motoneuron ู…ู†
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:09:34,530 --> 00:09:38,270
475
+ ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ upper motoneuron ุงู„ muscle state wasting
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:09:38,270 --> 00:09:45,800
479
+ or muscle hypotrophy okay very lateููŠ ูˆู‚ุช ู…ุชุฃุฎุฑ
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:09:45,800 --> 00:09:51,700
483
+ ู„ูŠู‡ ุจุชุญุฏุซุŸ due to disuse ู„ุนุฏู… ุงู„ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ููŠ ุญุงู„
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:09:51,700 --> 00:09:56,280
487
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู…ุง ุชู…ุดูŠ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ุง ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ููŠู‡ุง ุถู…ูˆุฑ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:09:56,280 --> 00:10:01,860
491
+ ุงู„ู„ูˆู„ุงุฑ ู…ูˆุทู†ูŠูˆู† ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… early muscle
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:10:01,860 --> 00:10:06,860
495
+ hypotrophy ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ anterior horn cells ู‡ูŠ
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:10:06,860 --> 00:10:11,720
499
+ ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† nourishment of the muscle fibers ุชู„ุงุชุฉ
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:10:12,730 --> 00:10:16,250
503
+ ุฃูˆ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ muscles muscle tone ุงู„ muscle
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:10:16,250 --> 00:10:20,470
507
+ tone ููŠ ุงู„ upper motor neuron ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง muscle
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:10:20,470 --> 00:10:25,710
511
+ hypertonia ุงูˆ spasticity ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ lower motor
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:10:25,710 --> 00:10:29,690
515
+ neuron ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง muscle hypotonia ุงูˆ flaccidity
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:10:31,260 --> 00:10:34,320
519
+ muscle fasciculation ุงูŠุด ุงู„ muscle fasciculationุŸ
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:10:34,320 --> 00:10:39,720
523
+ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† spontaneous contraction of muscle
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:10:39,720 --> 00:10:42,280
527
+ group ุจู„ุงุญุธ ุงู„ muscle ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ุง contraction
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:10:42,280 --> 00:10:47,340
531
+ ุจุชุชุญุฑูƒ ุจุฏูˆู† ุญุฑูƒุฉ ู„ุง ุฅูŠุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ absent in the upper
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:10:47,340 --> 00:10:51,900
535
+ motoneon ู„ูƒู† ุจุชูƒูˆู† presentedููŠ ุงู„ lower motor
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:10:51,900 --> 00:10:55,080
539
+ neuron ู…ุด ููŠ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุดูŠุก ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ููŠ
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:10:55,080 --> 00:10:59,200
543
+ irritation or lesion of the anterior whole cells
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:10:59,200 --> 00:11:04,540
547
+ ุฃูˆ of the motor cranial nuclei in the brain stem
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:11:04,540 --> 00:11:08,180
551
+ ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุขุฎุฑ reflexes ูƒูŠู ู†ูุฑุฌ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ุจุงู„
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:11:08,180 --> 00:11:14,490
555
+ reflexes ุงู„ deep reflexesุจูŠูƒูˆู† hyperreflexia ูŠุนู†ูŠ
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:11:14,490 --> 00:11:18,030
559
+ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง near reflex ุจูŠูƒูˆู† hyperreflexia ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:11:18,030 --> 00:11:21,650
563
+ lower motor neuron ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† hyperreflexia ุงูˆ
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:11:21,650 --> 00:11:26,750
567
+ areflexia absent of reflexุงู„ูƒู„ูˆู†ุงุณุŒ ุงูŠุด ู‡ูˆ
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:11:26,750 --> 00:11:31,090
571
+ ุงู„ูƒู„ูˆู†ุงุณุŸ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฑhythmic serial of
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:11:31,090 --> 00:11:36,470
575
+ contraction in response to sudden stretch of
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:11:36,470 --> 00:11:41,110
579
+ muscle tendon ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ู„ู„ููˆุชุŒ ุนู…ู„ู†ุง sudden stretch
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:11:41,110 --> 00:11:45,490
583
+ ู„ู„ุฃูƒูŠู„ูŠ ุงู„ุณู†ุฏู†ุŒ ุฑุงุญ ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ููˆุช ูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนู‡ุง ุดูŠุก
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:11:45,490 --> 00:11:49,600
587
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ูƒู„ูˆู†ุงุณุŒ Dorsiflexion ู…ุน plantar flexionOkay
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:11:49,600 --> 00:11:52,680
591
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุจุชู‚ู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู†ุฏู‡ severe
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:11:52,680 --> 00:11:56,660
595
+ hyperreflexia .. severe hyperreflexia ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:11:56,660 --> 00:12:00,080
599
+ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ class madam severe hyperreflexia ุฑุงุญ ุชูƒูˆู†
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:12:00,080 --> 00:12:05,040
603
+ present in the upper motoneuron and absent in the
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:12:05,040 --> 00:12:09,280
607
+ lower motoneuron ุจุงุจูŠู†ุณูƒูŠ ุฑูู„ูŠูƒุณ ุฃูˆ pathological
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:12:09,280 --> 00:12:13,220
611
+ plantar reflex ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ upper motoneuron
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:12:13,220 --> 00:12:19,750
615
+ and absent in the lower motoneuronSuperficial
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:12:19,750 --> 00:12:24,630
619
+ reflexes ุฑุญ ุชูƒูˆู† lost in the upper motoneuron
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:12:24,630 --> 00:12:28,130
623
+ below the level of lesion ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ lower
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:12:28,130 --> 00:12:34,090
627
+ motoneuron lost at the level of the same site ู‡ูŠ
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:12:34,090 --> 00:12:38,210
631
+ ูƒุฃู†ุง ุจูƒูˆู† ุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒูˆุง ุงู„ differential between the
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:12:38,210 --> 00:12:42,190
635
+ upper motoneuron and lower motoneuron ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฌุฒุฆูŠุฉ
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:12:42,440 --> 00:12:46,040
639
+ ุชุงุจ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุนุดุฑ ู„ูƒู† ุงู†ุง ู…ุง
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:12:46,040 --> 00:12:49,780
643
+ ุฃุณุนุทู†ูŠุด ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ูˆ ุดุฑุงุญุชู„ูƒูˆุง ุฅูŠุงู‡ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ู…ุน
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:12:49,780 --> 00:12:53,780
647
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ุนุดุฑ ูƒูŠูƒ ู†ูƒูˆู† ุงุญู†ุง ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ู…ู†
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:12:53,780 --> 00:12:59,480
651
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุนุดุฑ ุงู†ุชุฌู„ ุงู„ุขู†
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:12:59,480 --> 00:13:04,200
655
+ ู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุชู†ุง ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:13:04,200 --> 00:13:12,860
659
+ ุนุดุฑanatomy and physiology of the motor system part
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:13:12,860 --> 00:13:17,300
663
+ 2 ุงุญู†ุง ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุงูˆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ motor
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:13:17,300 --> 00:13:22,040
667
+ system ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ motor
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:13:22,040 --> 00:13:29,440
671
+ system ู†ุจุฏุฃ
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:13:29,440 --> 00:13:40,790
675
+ ุจ human reflexes reflexู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† involuntary
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:13:40,790 --> 00:13:42,890
679
+ action
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:13:44,240 --> 00:13:49,180
683
+ performed in response to impulses ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:13:49,180 --> 00:13:53,860
687
+ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ involuntary action performed in response to
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:13:53,860 --> 00:13:59,020
691
+ impulse ุงูŠุด ู‡ูˆ responseุŸ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† sensory stimulus
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:13:59,020 --> 00:14:02,480
695
+ sensory stimulus ุฑุงุญ ู†ุดุฑุญู‡ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… what's the
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:14:02,480 --> 00:14:07,060
699
+ classification of reflexes reflex ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฑุฏ ุงู„ูุนู„ ุฑุฏ
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:14:07,060 --> 00:14:14,150
703
+ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ูุนู„ peripheral reflexes autonomicู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:14:14,150 --> 00:14:18,310
707
+ ู…ุซู„ sympathetic ูˆูŠุจุงุฑู‰ sympathetic ุน ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:14:18,310 --> 00:14:23,330
711
+ GIT reflexesู…ุซู„ ุงู„ defecation ูˆ ุงู„ urination
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:14:23,330 --> 00:14:27,510
715
+ reflex ู„ุง ุฅูŠุฑุงุฏูŠ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุจูŠุตุญู‰ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ูˆู… ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:14:27,510 --> 00:14:31,850
719
+ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุฉ ุนุดุงู† ูŠุนู…ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุจูˆู„ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชุจุฑุฒ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:14:31,850 --> 00:14:36,450
723
+ reflex ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ peripheral reflex ุชุงุจุน ู„ู„
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:14:36,450 --> 00:14:40,450
727
+ autonomic nervous system ู„ู„ parasympathetic ุฃูƒุชุฑ
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:14:40,450 --> 00:14:47,730
731
+ Central reflex Central reflex ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ ุฑุฏ ููŠู‡
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:14:47,730 --> 00:14:50,310
735
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ ุจูŠู‚ุณู…ู‡ู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู†
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:14:53,260 --> 00:14:59,740
739
+ conduction reflexes ู‡ุฐูŠ acquired ุจุชุฌูŠู†ุง ู„ู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงูˆ
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:14:59,740 --> 00:15:04,020
743
+ ู„ุงู„ุงู†ุณุงู† ุจุชุฌูŠ by learning and training ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ูŠ
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:15:04,020 --> 00:15:08,260
747
+ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† skills ู…ู‡ุงุฑุงุช ุชุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูˆ ุจุชุฏุฑุจ
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:15:08,260 --> 00:15:12,740
751
+ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ learning and training ู…ุน
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:15:12,740 --> 00:15:18,900
755
+ ุชุฏุฑูŠุจand are integrated in cerebral cortex ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู†
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:15:18,900 --> 00:15:23,480
759
+ ูŠุถู„ู‡ู… ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒ ุจุชุงุนู‡ู… ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ cerebral cortex
760
+
761
+ 191
762
+ 00:15:23,480 --> 00:15:28,620
763
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ reflex center ู„ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ reflexes ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูˆูŠู† ููŠ
764
+
765
+ 192
766
+ 00:15:28,620 --> 00:15:32,660
767
+ ุงู„ cerebral cortex ูŠุจู‚ู‰ integration center ู„ู‡ู…
768
+
769
+ 193
770
+ 00:15:32,660 --> 00:15:38,520
771
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ cerebral cortexunconditional reflexes
772
+
773
+ 194
774
+ 00:15:38,520 --> 00:15:42,460
775
+ ู‡ุฏู‰ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† congenital reflexes ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู…ู†ุฐ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงุฏุฉ
776
+
777
+ 195
778
+ 00:15:42,460 --> 00:15:45,960
779
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† without learning without
780
+
781
+ 196
782
+ 00:15:45,960 --> 00:15:51,460
783
+ learning hypothalamic reflex ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„
784
+
785
+ 197
786
+ 00:15:51,460 --> 00:15:56,040
787
+ regulation of body temperature water balance and
788
+
789
+ 198
790
+ 00:15:56,040 --> 00:16:02,740
791
+ other midbrain reflex ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ pastoral and
792
+
793
+ 199
794
+ 00:16:02,740 --> 00:16:07,650
795
+ visual reflexMedullary reflex ู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„
796
+
797
+ 200
798
+ 00:16:07,650 --> 00:16:12,490
799
+ visual reflex light reflex ู„ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุฃุฌูŠุช ุจุงู„ุถูˆุกุŒ
800
+
801
+ 201
802
+ 00:16:12,490 --> 00:16:15,990
803
+ ุถูˆูŠุช ููŠ ุงู„ุนูŠู†ุŒ ุฑุญ ูŠุญุฏุซ construction ู„ู„ pupilsุŒ
804
+
805
+ 202
806
+ 00:16:15,990 --> 00:16:19,210
807
+ ุจู‚ุจู‡ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ูŠุตุบุฑ ุฃูˆ ู„ูˆ ุทู„ุนู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุถู„ุงู… ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุถูˆุก ููŠ
808
+
809
+ 203
810
+ 00:16:19,210 --> 00:16:23,170
811
+ ุงู„ุดู…ุณุŒ ุงู„ุจู‚ุจูˆ ุงู„ pupils ุฑุญ ูŠุตุบุฑ ููŠ ุญุฌู…ู‡ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุนูƒุณ
812
+
813
+ 204
814
+ 00:16:23,170 --> 00:16:28,450
815
+ ุตุญูŠุญ ูุชู†ุง ู…ู† ุถูˆุก ู„ุบุฑูู‡ ู…ุนุชู…ุฉุŒ ุฑุญ ูŠุตูŠุฑ dilatation
816
+
817
+ 205
818
+ 00:16:28,450 --> 00:16:32,830
819
+ ููŠ ุงู„ pupils ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ congenital reflex ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ
820
+
821
+ 206
822
+ 00:16:32,830 --> 00:16:36,270
823
+ ุงู„ mind brainMedullary reflex ู…ุซู„ ุงู„
824
+
825
+ 207
826
+ 00:16:36,270 --> 00:16:40,590
827
+ cardiovascularุŒ respiratoryุŒ digestive reflex
828
+
829
+ 208
830
+ 00:16:40,590 --> 00:16:46,010
831
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ูˆูŠู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ Medulla oblongata
832
+
833
+ 209
834
+ 00:16:46,010 --> 00:16:50,670
835
+ ููŠ spinal reflex ู…ู† ุถู…ู† ุงู„ spinal reflex ููŠ
836
+
837
+ 210
838
+ 00:16:50,670 --> 00:16:55,190
839
+ superficial reflex ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ skin reflex ู…ุซู„ ุงู„
840
+
841
+ 211
842
+ 00:16:55,190 --> 00:17:03,060
843
+ abdominal reflexุŒ anal reflex ูˆููŠ deep reflexู‡ุฐู‡
844
+
845
+ 212
846
+ 00:17:03,060 --> 00:17:09,060
847
+ ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ู‡ูˆ knee jerk, ankle jerk ุงูˆ ankle reflex,
848
+
849
+ 213
850
+ 00:17:09,520 --> 00:17:15,020
851
+ jerk ุงูˆ reflex ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ูˆููŠ visceral reflex for
852
+
853
+ 214
854
+ 00:17:15,020 --> 00:17:22,840
855
+ internal organs for a internal organs ุงู„ุขู† ุฑุงุญ
856
+
857
+ 215
858
+ 00:17:22,840 --> 00:17:27,400
859
+ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ spinal reflexes ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุณู†ุฉ
860
+
861
+ 216
862
+ 00:17:27,400 --> 00:17:31,070
863
+ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุนุฉุจู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ู… ูˆุจู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ examination of
864
+
865
+ 217
866
+ 00:17:31,070 --> 00:17:33,950
867
+ the nervous system ูˆูƒูŠู ู†ูุญุต ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ reflexes
868
+
869
+ 218
870
+ 00:17:33,950 --> 00:17:40,010
871
+ ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ููŠู†ุง ุซู„ุงุซ ุฃู†ูˆุงุน spinal reflexes ููŠ
872
+
873
+ 219
874
+ 00:17:40,010 --> 00:17:42,930
875
+ superficial reflex ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงูŠุด superficial reflex
876
+
877
+ 220
878
+ 00:17:42,930 --> 00:17:49,140
879
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุญุฏุซ contraction ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ withoutjoint movement
880
+
881
+ 221
882
+ 00:17:49,140 --> 00:17:53,460
883
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุนู…ู„ู†ุง abdominal reflex ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ contraction
884
+
885
+ 222
886
+ 00:17:53,460 --> 00:17:57,200
887
+ ู„ู„ abdominal muscle gag reflex ุงูˆ pharyngeal
888
+
889
+ 223
890
+ 00:17:57,200 --> 00:18:00,600
891
+ reflex ุจูŠุญุฏุซ contraction ู„ู„ pharyngeal muscle
892
+
893
+ 224
894
+ 00:18:00,600 --> 00:18:09,460
895
+ without joint movement ุทูŠุจ biceps reflex ู‡ุจูŠุนุชุจุฑ
896
+
897
+ 225
898
+ 00:18:09,460 --> 00:18:15,810
899
+ ุงูŠู‡ุŸdeep reflex ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ุงุชูƒู„ู…ุช ุนู„ู‰ deep reflex ู„ุฃู†
900
+
901
+ 226
902
+ 00:18:15,810 --> 00:18:20,850
903
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุญุฏุซ joint movement ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุงู†ู‡ ูŠุญุฏุซ
904
+
905
+ 227
906
+ 00:18:20,850 --> 00:18:25,730
907
+ joint movement ุจุณู…ูŠู‡ deep reflex ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฑุฏ ูุนู„ ุนู…ูŠู‚
908
+
909
+ 228
910
+ 00:18:25,730 --> 00:18:32,270
911
+ ุงุชุญุฑูƒ ููŠู‡ joint ูˆ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ visceral reflex ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู…
912
+
913
+ 229
914
+ 00:18:32,270 --> 00:18:35,730
915
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ internal organs ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„
916
+
917
+ 230
918
+ 00:18:35,730 --> 00:18:41,380
919
+ internal organsุทูŠุจ ุฅูŠุด ุฃู†ูˆุงุน superficial reflexุŸ
920
+
921
+ 231
922
+ 00:18:41,380 --> 00:18:46,600
923
+ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ู… ุงู„ superficial reflexุŸ plantar reflexุŒ
924
+
925
+ 232
926
+ 00:18:46,600 --> 00:18:53,440
927
+ abdominal reflex ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ู„ุฃุฎูˆู‡ ู„ูˆุญุฏ ุญูŠุต ู…ู† ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ู†
928
+
929
+ 233
930
+ 00:18:53,440 --> 00:18:56,920
931
+ ุจุทู†ู‡ุŒ ุฌุฑุณ ูˆ ุฐูŠูƒ ุดูˆูŠุฉุŒ ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุญุฏุซ contractionุŒ ุชู‚ูˆู„
932
+
933
+ 234
934
+ 00:18:56,920 --> 00:19:00,640
935
+ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุญุงุตุŒ ุญุฏุซ contraction ููŠ ุงู„ abdominal muscleุŒ
936
+
937
+ 235
938
+ 00:19:00,640 --> 00:19:05,080
939
+ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ abdominal reflexinner reflex ู„ูˆ ุนู…ู„ู†ุง
940
+
941
+ 236
942
+ 00:19:05,080 --> 00:19:08,420
943
+ stroking around the anus ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู„ external
944
+
945
+ 237
946
+ 00:19:08,420 --> 00:19:12,400
947
+ sphincter ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุงุฏ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุญุฏุซ contraction ู„
948
+
949
+ 238
950
+ 00:19:12,400 --> 00:19:16,440
951
+ external sphincter ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ู‡ุฐุง a superficial reflex
952
+
953
+ 239
954
+ 00:19:16,440 --> 00:19:21,500
955
+ cremastric reflex ู‡ุฐุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ูŠู„ ู„ูˆ ุนู…ู„ู†ุง
956
+
957
+ 240
958
+ 00:19:21,500 --> 00:19:24,760
959
+ stroking ุงูˆ irritation ููŠ ุงู„ medial aspect of
960
+
961
+ 241
962
+ 00:19:24,760 --> 00:19:28,480
963
+ thigh ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุญุฏุซ elevation of testis ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ
964
+
965
+ 242
966
+ 00:19:28,480 --> 00:19:32,640
967
+ elevation ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ุชุณุชุณCornier reflex ุฃูˆ
968
+
969
+ 243
970
+ 00:19:32,640 --> 00:19:38,640
971
+ conjunctivir reflex ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠุจู†ุง ู‚ุทุนุฉ ู‚ุทู†ุญุทูŠู†ุงู‡ุง ููŠ
972
+
973
+ 244
974
+ 00:19:38,640 --> 00:19:41,620
975
+ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ conjunctiva ู„ู…ุณู†ุงู‡ุง ุงูŠุด ุญุฏุซ ู„ุนูŠู†ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰
976
+
977
+ 245
978
+ 00:19:41,620 --> 00:19:45,800
979
+ ุงู„ุณุฑูŠุน ุจู†ุบู…ุถ ุนูŠู†ู†ุง ูƒู†ุง ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนู†ุง corneal reflex
980
+
981
+ 246
982
+ 00:19:45,800 --> 00:19:49,040
983
+ ุงูˆ conjunctivial reflex ุจุฏูˆู† ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ู†ููƒุฑ ููŠู‡
984
+
985
+ 247
986
+ 00:19:49,040 --> 00:19:52,480
987
+ ู…ุงุดูŠูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุดุงุฑุน ุฑูŠุญ ุบุจุฑุฉ ุงุดุฑุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณุฑ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝุน ุฑุงุญ ุชุฌู…ุฏ
988
+
989
+ 248
990
+ 00:19:52,480 --> 00:19:57,780
991
+ ุบู…ุถ ุนูŠู†ูƒ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ู‡ุฐุง reflex ุนุดุงู† ุงุญู…ูŠ ุนูŠู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุบุจุงุฑ
992
+
993
+ 249
994
+ 00:19:57,780 --> 00:20:03,870
995
+ ูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ู‡ูˆุงุก palatal reflexุงู„ ุจู„ุงุชุฉ reflex ููŠ ุญุงู„
996
+
997
+ 250
998
+ 00:20:03,870 --> 00:20:07,670
999
+ ุฃู†ุง ุนู…ู„ุช irritation ู„ู„ soft palate ููŠ ุงู„ mouth
1000
+
1001
+ 251
1002
+ 00:20:07,670 --> 00:20:11,410
1003
+ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ elevation ู„ู„ soft palate ุจูŠุญุฏุซ elevation
1004
+
1005
+ 252
1006
+ 00:20:11,410 --> 00:20:16,630
1007
+ ู„ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ู„ soft palate ูˆ gag reflex ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡
1008
+
1009
+ 253
1010
+ 00:20:16,630 --> 00:20:21,050
1011
+ pharyngeal reflex ู„ูˆ ุฃุฌูŠู†ุง ูุญุตู†ุง ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูˆุนู…ู„ู†ุง
1012
+
1013
+ 254
1014
+ 00:20:21,050 --> 00:20:26,370
1015
+ depression ุงูˆ depressive ู„ู„ tongue ุถุบุทู†ุง ุงู„ tongue
1016
+
1017
+ 255
1018
+ 00:20:26,370 --> 00:20:30,240
1019
+ ุจ tongue depressor ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ูˆ ุงุนู…ู„ู†ุง
1020
+
1021
+ 256
1022
+ 00:20:30,240 --> 00:20:33,500
1023
+ irritation ุจูˆุฑุฌุฉ ูˆูˆุฑุฌุฉ ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงุนู…ู„ู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ
1024
+
1025
+ 257
1026
+ 00:20:33,500 --> 00:20:36,800
1027
+ irritation ู„ ุงู„ posterior wall of the pharynx ุจุญุฏุซ
1028
+
1029
+ 258
1030
+ 00:20:36,800 --> 00:20:40,040
1031
+ contraction ู„ ุงู„ pharyngeal muscle ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจูŠุนู…ู„
1032
+
1033
+ 259
1034
+ 00:20:40,040 --> 00:20:44,000
1035
+ vomiting ู…ู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ irritation of the posterior
1036
+
1037
+ 260
1038
+ 00:20:44,000 --> 00:20:47,980
1039
+ wall of the pharynx ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠ gag reflex ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ
1040
+
1041
+ 261
1042
+ 00:20:47,980 --> 00:20:51,600
1043
+ ุงู„ level ุนู„ู‰ ุงูŠ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุจูŠุชู… ุงู„ gag reflex ุจูŠุชู… ุนู„ู‰
1044
+
1045
+ 262
1046
+ 00:20:51,600 --> 00:20:56,040
1047
+ medallary level ุนูˆุงู†ุŸู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฑูŠ level ุทุจ ุจู„ุงุช ุงู„
1048
+
1049
+ 263
1050
+ 00:20:56,040 --> 00:21:01,940
1051
+ reflex ุจุชู… ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฑูŠ level ุงู„ corner reflex ุจุชู…
1052
+
1053
+ 264
1054
+ 00:21:01,940 --> 00:21:09,850
1055
+ ุนู„ู‰ pontine levelcremastric reflex ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ ุงู„
1056
+
1057
+ 265
1058
+ 00:21:09,850 --> 00:21:13,470
1059
+ spinal level inner reflex spinal level abdominal
1060
+
1061
+ 266
1062
+ 00:21:13,470 --> 00:21:18,770
1063
+ reflex ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ููŠ upper ูˆ middle ูˆ lower ุจูŠุชู…ูˆุง
1064
+
1065
+ 267
1066
+ 00:21:18,770 --> 00:21:22,730
1067
+ ุนู„ู‰ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ spinal level plantar reflex spinal
1068
+
1069
+ 268
1070
+ 00:21:22,730 --> 00:21:26,930
1071
+ level ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุงุฑุจุนุฉ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจูŠุชู…ูˆุง ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
1072
+
1073
+ 269
1074
+ 00:21:26,930 --> 00:21:30,990
1075
+ ุนู„ู‰ spinal level ู„ูŠู‡ุŸู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ู… spinal
1076
+
1077
+ 270
1078
+ 00:21:30,990 --> 00:21:35,070
1079
+ nerves ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ู… spinal nerves ู„ูƒู† corneal reflex
1080
+
1081
+ 271
1082
+ 00:21:35,070 --> 00:21:40,170
1083
+ ุจู„ุงุทุฑ reflex ูˆ gag reflex ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ู… cranial
1084
+
1085
+ 272
1086
+ 00:21:40,170 --> 00:21:44,550
1087
+ nerves ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชู… ู…ูˆู„ู‚ ุนูˆูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1088
+
1089
+ 273
1090
+ 00:21:44,550 --> 00:21:51,230
1091
+ ู‡ูˆ brainstem ู†ุงุฎุฏ ู…ุซู„ corneal reflex corneal
1092
+
1093
+ 274
1094
+ 00:21:51,230 --> 00:21:56,390
1095
+ reflex ุงู„ุฃููŠุฑุงู†ุช ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„
1096
+
1097
+ 275
1098
+ 00:21:56,390 --> 00:21:57,910
1099
+ ุนู†ู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ sensory nerve
1100
+
1101
+ 276
1102
+ 00:22:00,520 --> 00:22:07,120
1103
+ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ V1 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงูุชุนู„ ู…ุช ุจุฑุงู†ุด of ุชุฑุงุฌูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„
1104
+
1105
+ 277
1106
+ 00:22:07,120 --> 00:22:15,820
1107
+ nerve ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ efferent ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1108
+
1109
+ 278
1110
+ 00:22:15,820 --> 00:22:22,680
1111
+ ู‡ูˆ motor ูŠุนุชุจุฑ facial nerve facial nerve ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1112
+
1113
+ 279
1114
+ 00:22:22,680 --> 00:22:27,400
1115
+ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ contraction ู„ู„ arbicularis oculi muscle ุงู„
1116
+
1117
+ 280
1118
+ 00:22:27,400 --> 00:22:39,930
1119
+ palatal reflexู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ efferent sensory ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
1120
+
1121
+ 281
1122
+ 00:22:39,930 --> 00:22:45,510
1123
+ V2 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve
1124
+
1125
+ 282
1126
+ 00:22:45,510 --> 00:22:54,850
1127
+ ุทูŠุจ efferent ุงู„ motor ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
1128
+
1129
+ 283
1130
+ 00:22:54,850 --> 00:22:59,490
1131
+ Vegas nerve ุฒุงุฆุฏ cranial
1132
+
1133
+ 284
1134
+ 00:23:02,360 --> 00:23:07,620
1135
+ accessory ุฒุงุฆุฏ cranial accessory ูˆ gag reflex ุงูˆ
1136
+
1137
+ 285
1138
+ 00:23:07,620 --> 00:23:17,260
1139
+ pharyngeal reflex afferent ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ sensory ู…ุณุฆูˆู„
1140
+
1141
+ 286
1142
+ 00:23:17,260 --> 00:23:21,660
1143
+ ุนู†ู‡ ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ sensory ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ glossopharyngeal
1144
+
1145
+ 287
1146
+ 00:23:21,660 --> 00:23:26,880
1147
+ nerve ุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ efferent
1148
+
1149
+ 288
1150
+ 00:23:32,660 --> 00:23:39,100
1151
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุชู„ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† Vegas nerve ุฒุงุฆุฏ cranial
1152
+
1153
+ 289
1154
+ 00:23:39,100 --> 00:23:45,980
1155
+ accessory ู‡ุฐุง ููŠ ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู…ุง cranial reflexes
1156
+
1157
+ 290
1158
+ 00:23:58,090 --> 00:24:02,910
1159
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ุงู†ุง ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠุจุช ู‚ุทุฉ ู‚ุทู† ูˆู…ุดูŠุชู‡ุง ุญุฑูƒุชู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰
1160
+
1161
+ 291
1162
+ 00:24:02,910 --> 00:24:06,470
1163
+ conjunctiva of the eye ุฑุงุญ ูŠุดุนุฑูˆุง ุจุงู„ irritation
1164
+
1165
+ 292
1166
+ 00:24:06,470 --> 00:24:09,450
1167
+ ุงู„ receptor ุฑุงุญ ูŠุดุนุฑูˆุง ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1168
+
1169
+ 293
1170
+ 00:24:09,450 --> 00:24:12,430
1171
+ ophthalmic nerve of the trigeminal ุฑุงุญ ูŠุฃุชูŠ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ
1172
+
1173
+ 294
1174
+ 00:24:12,430 --> 00:24:17,710
1175
+ ู„ู…ู†ุŸ ู„ู„ brain stem ู„ู„ pons ูˆู…ู†ู‡ุง ุชุฑุฌุน ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุจุงู„
1176
+
1177
+ 295
1178
+ 00:24:17,710 --> 00:24:20,430
1179
+ motor fibers ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ facial nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุบู…ุถ
1180
+
1181
+ 296
1182
+ 00:24:20,430 --> 00:24:23,750
1183
+ ู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูŠุนู…ู„ closure ู„ู„ eye ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠ reflex
1184
+
1185
+ 297
1186
+ 00:24:23,750 --> 00:24:29,640
1187
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ conjunctival ุฃูˆ corneal reflexุทูŠุจ deep
1188
+
1189
+ 298
1190
+ 00:24:29,640 --> 00:24:35,260
1191
+ reflexes ุงูˆ ุจ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝุณู…ูŠู‡ู… proprio ุณุจุชู ุงูˆ stretch spinal
1192
+
1193
+ 299
1194
+ 00:24:35,260 --> 00:24:42,660
1195
+ reflex ุฒูŠ ุฌูˆุฌูŠุฑูƒุŒ ุจุงูŠุณูŠุจุณ reflexุŒ ุชุฑุงูŠุณูŠุจุณ reflexุŒ
1196
+
1197
+ 300
1198
+ 00:24:42,660 --> 00:24:46,840
1199
+ subbinator ุงูˆ curb radialis reflexุŒ knee reflex
1200
+
1201
+ 301
1202
+ 00:24:47,680 --> 00:24:52,120
1203
+ ุงู†ูƒู„ ุงูˆ ุงูƒูŠู„ูŠุณ reflex ุงูˆ ุฌูŠุฑูƒ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ุถุฑุจู†ุง ุน ุงู„
1204
+
1205
+ 302
1206
+ 00:24:52,120 --> 00:24:58,120
1207
+ tendon of biceps ุจุงู„ู‡ู…ุงุฑ ุจุชุงุนูŠ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุญุฏุซ ุงูŠู‡
1208
+
1209
+ 303
1210
+ 00:24:58,120 --> 00:25:02,940
1211
+ friction ู„ู„ elbow ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ reflex ุฏูŠุจ ู„ูƒู† ู„ูŠู‡ ุฏูŠุจ
1212
+
1213
+ 304
1214
+ 00:25:02,940 --> 00:25:11,900
1215
+ ู„ุงู† ุงุชุญุฑูƒ ุงู„ู…ูุตู„ ุจุชุงุนู‡ human reflex arc the reflex
1216
+
1217
+ 305
1218
+ 00:25:11,900 --> 00:25:20,630
1219
+ arc include afferentor input sensory nerve center
1220
+
1221
+ 306
1222
+ 00:25:20,630 --> 00:25:25,010
1223
+ ุงูˆ inter neuron ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ integrative center ูˆ
1224
+
1225
+ 307
1226
+ 00:25:25,010 --> 00:25:30,210
1227
+ afferent output ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ motor you can afferent
1228
+
1229
+ 308
1230
+ 00:25:30,210 --> 00:25:37,330
1231
+ input ุงู†ุง ุงูˆ
1232
+
1233
+ 309
1234
+ 00:25:37,330 --> 00:25:43,830
1235
+ ู‡ุงู† again afferent input ุงูˆ sensorynerve center ุงูˆ
1236
+
1237
+ 310
1238
+ 00:25:43,830 --> 00:25:47,930
1239
+ inter neurons ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ integrative center ูˆ if you
1240
+
1241
+ 311
1242
+ 00:25:47,930 --> 00:25:58,970
1243
+ want output ุงูˆ ุงูŠู‡ motor ู†ุดูˆู
1244
+
1245
+ 312
1246
+ 00:25:58,970 --> 00:26:06,890
1247
+ reflex R ู‚ุจู„ ูƒู„ ุดูŠ ู†ุฌูŠุจ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ reflex ู†ูŠ
1248
+
1249
+ 313
1250
+ 00:26:06,890 --> 00:26:10,710
1251
+ ุฌูŠุฑูƒ ุงูŠุด ุญุฏุซ ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ู†ูŠ ุฌูŠุฑูƒ ุนู…ู„ู†ุง
1252
+
1253
+ 314
1254
+ 00:26:20,700 --> 00:26:25,220
1255
+ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุจุฏุฃุช ุชุฑูˆุญ ุจุงู„ู€ Afferent ุจุงู„ู€ Sensory Input
1256
+
1257
+ 315
1258
+ 00:26:25,220 --> 00:26:34,070
1259
+ ุทู„ุนุช ุจุงู„ู€ Sensory Fibers of the femoral nerveู‡ูˆ
1260
+
1261
+ 316
1262
+ 00:26:34,070 --> 00:26:37,990
1263
+ ุฑุงุญุช ู„ู„ุจุณุชูŠุฑูˆ ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุฌู„ูŠูˆู† ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠ ุจุชุฑูˆุญ ู„ู„ุจุณุชูŠุฑูˆ
1264
+
1265
+ 317
1266
+ 00:26:37,990 --> 00:26:47,350
1267
+ ู‡ูˆุฑู†ุณุฑุฒ ู‡ู†ุง ุฎู„ุต ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ sensory input
1268
+
1269
+ 318
1270
+ 00:26:47,350 --> 00:26:49,650
1271
+ you gonna have ุงู„ affluent pathway ุจุชุงุนู‡
1272
+
1273
+ 319
1274
+ 00:26:54,260 --> 00:26:59,660
1275
+ ู„ุงุฒู… ู†ุชุฌู„ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ู† sensory input ู„ motor output
1276
+
1277
+ 320
1278
+ 00:26:59,660 --> 00:27:04,260
1279
+ ุทุจ ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู†ุฌู„ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… Inter neurons
1280
+
1281
+ 321
1282
+ 00:27:07,510 --> 00:27:11,530
1283
+ ู‡ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู†ุชุฑู†ูŠุฑูˆู†ุฒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุจูŠู† ุงู„ posterior
1284
+
1285
+ 322
1286
+ 00:27:11,530 --> 00:27:16,990
1287
+ horn cells ูˆ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ุน ูƒู„ segment ูˆ
1288
+
1289
+ 323
1290
+ 00:27:16,990 --> 00:27:22,670
1291
+ ู…ู† ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู‡ู… regulationุŸ Corticospinal tract ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1292
+
1293
+ 324
1294
+ 00:27:22,670 --> 00:27:28,690
1295
+ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ cortex ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู‡ู… regulation ุทูŠุจ
1296
+
1297
+ 325
1298
+ 00:27:28,690 --> 00:27:34,330
1299
+ ุจุนุฏูƒ ุจุฑุฌุน ุงู„ output motorุจุงู„ู€ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ anterior host
1300
+
1301
+ 326
1302
+ 00:27:34,330 --> 00:27:39,050
1303
+ cells ููŠ motor neurons ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุจูŠุทู„ุน ุจุงู„ู€ anterior
1304
+
1305
+ 327
1306
+ 00:27:39,050 --> 00:27:44,490
1307
+ root ูˆ ุจูŠุฑุฌุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ motor fibers of the femoral
1308
+
1309
+ 328
1310
+ 00:27:44,490 --> 00:27:49,860
1311
+ nerveุจุฑูˆุญ ูŠู‚ุฏู‘ูŠู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ muscle fibers of
1312
+
1313
+ 329
1314
+ 00:27:49,860 --> 00:27:53,720
1315
+ quadriceps muscle ุจูŠุญุฏุซ contraction ููŠ ุงู„
1316
+
1317
+ 330
1318
+ 00:27:53,720 --> 00:27:57,900
1319
+ quadriceps ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ contraction ุจูŠู‚ุฏู‘ูŠ ุงู„ู‰ knee
1320
+
1321
+ 331
1322
+ 00:27:57,900 --> 00:28:02,820
1323
+ extension knee extension ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ reflex ุงู†ุง
1324
+
1325
+ 332
1326
+ 00:28:02,820 --> 00:28:07,560
1327
+ ุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒูˆุง ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ knee reflex ุงูˆ knee jerk
1328
+
1329
+ 333
1330
+ 00:28:19,680 --> 00:28:26,480
1331
+ Okay ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ู€ knee jerk ู†ุฑุฌุน reflex arc ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุนู…ู„
1332
+
1333
+ 334
1334
+ 00:28:26,480 --> 00:28:33,460
1335
+ stretch reflex ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑู‡ ุจู†ุนู…ู„ ุงูŠู‡ tapping ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
1336
+
1337
+ 335
1338
+ 00:28:33,460 --> 00:28:37,660
1339
+ tendon of the muscle ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุฑุงุญ ุชุฑูˆุญ ู…ู† ุงู„
1340
+
1341
+ 336
1342
+ 00:28:37,660 --> 00:28:43,930
1343
+ receptor ุนู„ู‰ sensory fibers of the nerveุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ
1344
+
1345
+ 337
1346
+ 00:28:43,930 --> 00:28:47,090
1347
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ posterior root ganglion ู‡ุชุฏุฎู„ ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
1348
+
1349
+ 338
1350
+ 00:28:47,090 --> 00:28:50,150
1351
+ ู„ู„ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆู‡ูˆุฑุณู„ุฒ
1352
+
1353
+ 339
1354
+ 00:28:50,150 --> 00:28:55,310
1355
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆู‡ูˆุฑุณู„ุฒ ู„ุงุฒู… ุชู†ุชุฌ ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1356
+
1357
+ 340
1358
+ 00:28:55,310 --> 00:29:00,670
1359
+ ุงู„ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆู‡ูˆุฑุณู„ุฒูŠ ูˆุงู† ู‡ุฐุง sensory ู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ sensory
1360
+
1361
+ 341
1362
+ 00:29:00,670 --> 00:29:01,310
1363
+ pathway
1364
+
1365
+ 342
1366
+ 00:29:06,010 --> 00:29:10,290
1367
+ ู„ุงุฒู… ุชู†ุชุฌ ุฅู„ู‰ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ุชู†ุชุฌ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ุนู†
1368
+
1369
+ 343
1370
+ 00:29:10,290 --> 00:29:14,150
1371
+ ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุดูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ Inter neuron ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ level ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ
1372
+
1373
+ 344
1374
+ 00:29:14,150 --> 00:29:18,250
1375
+ ุงู„ segment ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุจูŠู† posterior horn cells and
1376
+
1377
+ 345
1378
+ 00:29:18,250 --> 00:29:22,510
1379
+ anterior horn cells ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุชุฑุฌุน ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ
1380
+
1381
+ 346
1382
+ 00:29:22,510 --> 00:29:26,130
1383
+ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ุนุจุฑ ุงู„
1384
+
1385
+ 347
1386
+ 00:29:26,130 --> 00:29:30,640
1387
+ anterior rootุนุจุฑ ุงู„ motor fibers of the nerve
1388
+
1389
+ 348
1390
+ 00:29:30,640 --> 00:29:35,180
1391
+ ู„ู„ู…ุณู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุญุฏุซ contraction ู„ู„ู…ุณู„ ูˆุจ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝู‚ุฏูŠ
1392
+
1393
+ 349
1394
+ 00:29:35,180 --> 00:29:42,800
1395
+ ุงู„ reflex ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ reflex arc ุงู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡
1396
+
1397
+ 350
1398
+ 00:29:42,800 --> 00:29:47,880
1399
+ ุงุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ deep reflex ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ knee jerk
1400
+
1401
+ 351
1402
+ 00:29:47,880 --> 00:29:53,580
1403
+ ุงู„ knee jerk ูˆุงุชูƒู„ู…ุช ุนู†ู‡ ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ุงู„ slide ุงู„ุจุนุฏู‡
1404
+
1405
+ 352
1406
+ 00:29:53,580 --> 00:29:58,350
1407
+ ุจูŠูƒุฑุฑ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ knee jerkู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
1408
+
1409
+ 353
1410
+ 00:29:58,350 --> 00:30:02,430
1411
+ stretch reflex induced by stimulation of receptor
1412
+
1413
+ 354
1414
+ 00:30:02,430 --> 00:30:07,950
1415
+ by tapping of the patella tendon of quadriceps
1416
+
1417
+ 355
1418
+ 00:30:07,950 --> 00:30:11,570
1419
+ muscle ู„ูˆ ุถุฑุจู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ patella tendon ุจุชุงุน ุงู„
1420
+
1421
+ 356
1422
+ 00:30:11,570 --> 00:30:15,630
1423
+ quadriceps muscle ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู‡ุชุฑูˆุญ ุจุงู„ sensory fibers
1424
+
1425
+ 357
1426
+ 00:30:15,630 --> 00:30:19,030
1427
+ of the femoral nerve ุชุฏุฎู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูˆู‡ูˆุช ุจุนุฏู‡ุง
1428
+
1429
+ 358
1430
+ 00:30:19,030 --> 00:30:23,460
1431
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูˆู‡ูˆุฑ cells ุฎู„ุต ุงู„ sensory inputุจุนุฏู‡ุง
1432
+
1433
+ 359
1434
+ 00:30:23,460 --> 00:30:27,960
1435
+ ุชุชุญูˆู„ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู„ motor output ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ูุงุตู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1436
+
1437
+ 360
1438
+ 00:30:27,960 --> 00:30:31,760
1439
+ ู‡ูˆ Inter neurons Inter neurons ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูˆุงุฌุจุชู‡ู…
1440
+
1441
+ 361
1442
+ 00:30:31,760 --> 00:30:38,250
1443
+ integrative center ุงูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… Center for reflexุจุนุฏ
1444
+
1445
+ 362
1446
+ 00:30:38,250 --> 00:30:43,470
1447
+ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุจุชุฑุฌุน ุจุงู„ู€ anterior root ู„ู€ motor
1448
+
1449
+ 363
1450
+ 00:30:43,470 --> 00:30:46,890
1451
+ fibers of the femoral nerve ุจูŠุนู…ู„ supplying ู„
1452
+
1453
+ 364
1454
+ 00:30:46,890 --> 00:30:49,550
1455
+ quadriceps muscle quadriceps muscle ุจุชุณู…ู‰
1456
+
1457
+ 365
1458
+ 00:30:49,550 --> 00:30:53,470
1459
+ contraction ูˆุงุญู†ุง ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุงู„ quadriceps contraction
1460
+
1461
+ 366
1462
+ 00:30:53,470 --> 00:30:59,810
1463
+ leads to extension of the knee joint ุจูŠุนู…ู„
1464
+
1465
+ 367
1466
+ 00:30:59,810 --> 00:31:05,530
1467
+ extension ู„ ุงู„ knee joint ุทูŠุจ visceral ุฃูˆ
1468
+
1469
+ 368
1470
+ 00:31:05,530 --> 00:31:10,550
1471
+ autonomic reflexesู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ู… mectoration reflex ุงู„
1472
+
1473
+ 369
1474
+ 00:31:10,550 --> 00:31:13,470
1475
+ reflex ุฑุฏ ุงู„ูุฆุฉ ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ุชุจูˆู„ ุงุญู†ุง ูƒู†ุง ุจู†ุตุญู‰ ุตุจุงุญุง
1476
+
1477
+ 370
1478
+ 00:31:13,470 --> 00:31:17,090
1479
+ ุจุฑูˆุญ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุฉ ุจู†ุนู…ู„ mectoration ู‡ุฐุง reflex ุงุชู†ูŠู†
1480
+
1481
+ 371
1482
+ 00:31:17,090 --> 00:31:23,530
1483
+ defecation reflex ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ุชุจุฑุฒ erection reflex
1484
+
1485
+ 372
1486
+ 00:31:27,180 --> 00:31:31,440
1487
+ that inhibit gastrointestinal motility in response
1488
+
1489
+ 373
1490
+ 00:31:31,440 --> 00:31:35,640
1491
+ to peritoneal irritation ู„ูˆ ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู†ุฏู‡ peritonitis
1492
+
1493
+ 374
1494
+ 00:31:35,640 --> 00:31:39,980
1495
+ inflammation of the peritoneum ููŠ reflex ุจูŠู‚ู„ู„
1496
+
1497
+ 375
1498
+ 00:31:39,980 --> 00:31:45,420
1499
+ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุนุงุก ุนุดุงู† ูŠู‚ู„ู„ ุงู„ุฃู„ู… ููŠ ุฌุฏุงุฑ ุงู„ุจุทู† ู‡ุฐุง
1500
+
1501
+ 376
1502
+ 00:31:45,420 --> 00:31:50,440
1503
+ reflex ุฑุฏุช ุดุบู„ Autonomic reflexes in the spinal
1504
+
1505
+ 377
1506
+ 00:31:50,440 --> 00:31:52,580
1507
+ cord ู…ูŠู† ู‡ู… ุงู„ Autonomic reflexes in the spinal
1508
+
1509
+ 378
1510
+ 00:31:52,580 --> 00:31:58,640
1511
+ cordุŸChange in vascular tone resulting from change
1512
+
1513
+ 379
1514
+ 00:31:58,640 --> 00:32:03,440
1515
+ in local skin head ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฑุฏุฌูˆ ุจุงุฑุฏ ุจุงู„ู„ุงุญุธ ..
1516
+
1517
+ 380
1518
+ 00:32:03,440 --> 00:32:06,960
1519
+ ุจุงู„ู„ุงุญุธ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ vasoconstrictionุŒ spasm ู„ู„ู€ artery
1520
+
1521
+ 381
1522
+ 00:32:06,960 --> 00:32:10,780
1523
+ ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ู„ูˆู†ู‡ ุดุงุญุจ ุฃุจูŠุถ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ spasm ุนุดุงู†
1524
+
1525
+ 382
1526
+ 00:32:10,780 --> 00:32:14,420
1527
+ ูŠุญุงูุธ ุนู„ู‰ ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุฌุณู…ู‡ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ู„ูˆ ุฏุฎู„ู†ุง
1528
+
1529
+ 383
1530
+ 00:32:14,420 --> 00:32:18,560
1531
+ ุงู„ุณุงูˆู†ุฉ ุฃูˆ ููŠ ูุตู„ ุงู„ุตูŠู ุฃูˆ ุบุตุต ุจูŠุญุฏุซ vasodilationุŒ
1532
+
1533
+ 384
1534
+ 00:32:18,560 --> 00:32:23,160
1535
+ ุจุชูˆุณุน ุงู„ุดุฑุงูŠูŠู† ุนุดุงู† ูŠุฎู„ู„ูˆุง ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ูˆูŠู‚ู„ ุงู„ ..
1536
+
1537
+ 385
1538
+ 00:32:23,160 --> 00:32:28,120
1539
+ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ temperature ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุฌุณู… sweating
1540
+
1541
+ 386
1542
+ 00:32:28,120 --> 00:32:33,680
1543
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุกุงู„ุนุฑู‚ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฑุฏ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ vazoconstriction
1544
+
1545
+ 387
1546
+ 00:32:33,680 --> 00:32:38,340
1547
+ ุจูŠู‚ู„ ุฅูุฑุงุฒ ุงู„ุนุฑู‚ ููŠ ุงู„ุตูŠู ููŠ ุณุงูˆู†ุง ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ
1548
+
1549
+ 388
1550
+ 00:32:38,340 --> 00:32:42,080
1551
+ ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ vazodilatation ุจูŠุฒูˆุฏ ุฅูุฑุงุฒ ุงู„ุนุฑู‚
1552
+
1553
+ 389
1554
+ 00:32:42,080 --> 00:32:46,920
1555
+ reflex for motor control of the intestinal ุงู„
1556
+
1557
+ 390
1558
+ 00:32:46,920 --> 00:32:50,960
1559
+ reflex ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุนุงุกPeritoneal Intestinal Reflex
1560
+
1561
+ 391
1562
+ 00:32:50,960 --> 00:32:53,780
1563
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู†ู‡ that inhibit gastrointestinal
1564
+
1565
+ 392
1566
+ 00:32:53,780 --> 00:32:57,240
1567
+ motility in response to peritoneal irritation ููŠ
1568
+
1569
+ 393
1570
+ 00:32:57,240 --> 00:32:59,800
1571
+ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู†ุฏู‡ peritonitis ุฑุงุญ ุชุญุฏุซ
1572
+
1573
+ 394
1574
+ 00:32:59,800 --> 00:33:03,640
1575
+ inhibition ู„ ุงู„ motility of the intestinal ูˆ ูŠู‚ู„
1576
+
1577
+ 395
1578
+ 00:33:03,640 --> 00:33:08,920
1579
+ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุนุงุก ุนุดุงู† ูŠู‚ู„ู„ ุฃู„ู… ุงู„ุฌุฏุงุฑ ุงู„ุจุทู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ
1580
+
1581
+ 396
1582
+ 00:33:08,920 --> 00:33:13,620
1583
+ ููŠู‡ peritonitisู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ evacuation reflex ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„
1584
+
1585
+ 397
1586
+ 00:33:13,620 --> 00:33:19,420
1587
+ evacuation reflex for emptying of urine bladder
1588
+
1589
+ 398
1590
+ 00:33:19,420 --> 00:33:23,720
1591
+ and rectum for defecation and urination ู„ุงู„ุชุจุฑุฒ
1592
+
1593
+ 399
1594
+ 00:33:23,720 --> 00:33:24,740
1595
+ ูˆุงู„ุชุจูˆู„
1596
+
1597
+ 400
1598
+ 00:33:27,060 --> 00:33:30,740
1599
+ ุจุงูƒุชููŠ ู‡ุงู† ู„ู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุณูˆุงุก ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ุนุดุฑ
1600
+
1601
+ 401
1602
+ 00:33:30,740 --> 00:33:35,720
1603
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฑุงุญ ู†ูƒู…ู„ ุงู„ motor unit ูˆ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
1604
+
1605
+ 402
1606
+ 00:33:35,720 --> 00:33:39,780
1607
+ ุงู„ muscle tissue ูˆ ุงู„ muscle fibers ูˆ muscle
1608
+
1609
+ 403
1610
+ 00:33:39,780 --> 00:33:41,940
1611
+ contraction of the skeletal muscle
1612
+
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PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/B8GDzVZC_GE_raw.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,1636 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:05,870 --> 00:00:09,050
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:09,050 --> 00:00:14,350
7
+ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุฑุงุญ ู†ูƒูˆู†ู…ุนุงูƒู… ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑุฉ ู‡ูŠ
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:14,350 --> 00:00:19,650
11
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน 14 ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ุฃุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ Anatomy
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:19,650 --> 00:00:24,870
15
+ and physiology of the motor system part 2 ุจู‚ู‰
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:24,870 --> 00:00:28,730
19
+ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง slide ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุชุงู„ุช ุนุดุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:28,730 --> 00:00:33,710
23
+ differential between the upper motor neuron and
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:33,710 --> 00:00:38,110
27
+ lower motor neuron ูƒูŠู ู†ูุฑุฌ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ upper motor
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:38,110 --> 00:00:43,380
31
+ neuron and lower motor neuronููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:43,380 --> 00:00:50,000
35
+ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ ุงู† ุงู„ upper motoneuron upper motoneuron
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:50,000 --> 00:00:58,460
39
+ Legion ุงู…ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† corticospinal
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:58,460 --> 00:01:06,940
43
+ tract lesion ุงูˆ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุงู„ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ cranial nerves
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:01:06,940 --> 00:01:14,290
47
+ corticospinal tract lesionุจุงู„ุจุฑ ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:14,290 --> 00:01:21,290
51
+ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:21,290 --> 00:01:28,270
55
+ ุชุฑุงูƒุช ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:28,270 --> 00:01:28,730
59
+ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:28,730 --> 00:01:29,270
63
+ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:29,270 --> 00:01:29,270
67
+ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:29,270 --> 00:01:29,270
71
+ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:29,270 --> 00:01:29,270
75
+ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:29,270 --> 00:01:29,410
79
+ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:29,410 --> 00:01:33,890
83
+ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:01:39,390 --> 00:01:52,230
87
+ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† nuclear lesion of cranial nerves ุงู„ู„ูŠ
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:01:52,230 --> 00:01:57,970
91
+ ู‡ู… motor cranial nerves motor cranial nerves ุงุซู†ูŠู†
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:01:57,970 --> 00:02:02,590
95
+ anterior horn cells lesion
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:08,320 --> 00:02:13,100
99
+ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ cranial and
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:13,100 --> 00:02:18,840
103
+ spinal nerve lesion ู‡ุฐุง ูƒู„ู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฑู…ูˆุฒ ู…ุทู„ูˆุน
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:18,840 --> 00:02:29,520
107
+ neuro muscular and muscle fibers
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:31,280 --> 00:02:37,780
111
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Antiviral cells ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ู…ุตู„ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ lower motor
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:37,780 --> 00:02:41,760
115
+ neuron lesion ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฑู†ุณูŠู… ู…ู† ุงู„ motor
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:41,760 --> 00:02:45,440
119
+ nuclei in the ุจุฑู†ุณูŠู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุงุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ cranial
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:45,440 --> 00:02:49,640
123
+ nerves ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง ุฃุตู„ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ fibers ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ lower
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:02:49,640 --> 00:02:55,820
127
+ motor neuron lesion ุงูˆู„ ุดูŠุก ุงู„ location of lesion
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:02:56,930 --> 00:03:01,470
131
+ ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ Upper Motoneuron ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Area IV
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:03:01,470 --> 00:03:04,310
135
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Precentral Gyrus ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง ุฃุตู„ ุงู„ู€
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:04,310 --> 00:03:07,350
139
+ Anterior Horn Cells ุญุณุจ ุงู„ู€ Segment ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:07,350 --> 00:03:09,890
143
+ Upper Motoneuron Lesion ุฅุฐุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ู€ cranial
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:09,890 --> 00:03:15,290
147
+ nerves ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Area IV ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง ุฃุตู„ ุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:15,290 --> 00:03:19,010
151
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ in the brainstem ูŠุนุชุจุฑ Upper Motoneuron
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:19,010 --> 00:03:21,850
155
+ Lesion ูŠู‚ูˆู„ Upper Motoneuron Lesion ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:21,850 --> 00:03:27,020
159
+ Damage of Corticospinal ุฃูˆ Corticobulbar tractุทุจ
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:27,020 --> 00:03:30,540
163
+ lower motor neuron ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฏู…ุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ anterior
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:30,540 --> 00:03:34,080
167
+ horn cells ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ muscle fibers ุฃูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ motor
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:34,080 --> 00:03:37,920
171
+ nuclei of the brain stem ุงู„ุชุงุจุนูŠู† ู„ู„ cranial
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:03:37,920 --> 00:03:41,780
175
+ nerves ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ muscle fibers ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ lower motor
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:03:41,780 --> 00:03:45,680
179
+ neuron lesion ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุงู„ุขู† ุนู„ู‰ corticospinal
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:03:45,680 --> 00:03:49,100
183
+ tract ุฑุญ ุฃุฑูƒุฒ ุนู„ู‰ corticospinal location of
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:03:49,100 --> 00:03:55,860
187
+ paralysisุฅุญู†ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุฅู†ู‡ Corticospinal tract ุจูŠุนู…ู„
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:03:55,860 --> 00:03:59,620
191
+ incomplete decassation crossing ููŠ lower part of
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:03:59,620 --> 00:04:03,480
195
+ medulla ุฃูˆ ุจู„ู†ุฌุงุช ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ุงุณู…ู‡ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:03,480 --> 00:04:09,220
199
+ decassation ุฃูˆ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ ุงู„ crossing ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุญุฏุซ
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:09,220 --> 00:04:13,620
203
+ damage ู„ Corticospinal tract ุงู„ paralysis located
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:13,620 --> 00:04:18,620
207
+ below the level of lesion ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุญุฏุซ damage
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:04:21,630 --> 00:04:24,850
211
+ below the level of lesion ููŠ paralysis ุญุฏุซ damage
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:04:24,850 --> 00:04:28,350
215
+ ููŠ ุงู„ spinal cord below the level of lesion ููŠ
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:04:28,350 --> 00:04:34,390
219
+ paralysis ู„ูƒู† ุงู†ุชุจู‡ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุฏู…ุฌ ููŠ ุงู„ brain ูŠุนู†ูŠ
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:04:34,390 --> 00:04:39,970
223
+ above decassation ุงู„ paralysis ุฃูˆ ุงู„ hemiplegia
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:04:39,970 --> 00:04:43,470
227
+ ุฑุงุญ ุชูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ opposite side ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงู‡
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:04:43,470 --> 00:04:48,450
231
+ ุฌุฑุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ left cerebral hemisphereุงู„ุดู„ุฑ
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:04:48,450 --> 00:04:50,710
235
+ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right side ู„ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฅู† ุงู„
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:04:50,710 --> 00:04:53,370
239
+ damage ุญุฏุซ ุนู†ุฏู‡ above the crossing above the
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:04:53,370 --> 00:04:57,310
243
+ cassation ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงู‡ ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุจู„
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:04:57,310 --> 00:05:03,150
247
+ ุงู„ุดูˆูƒูŠ spinal cord injury ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู†ุตู of motor
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:03,150 --> 00:05:06,820
251
+ function ุจู„ูˆ ุฏู‡ level of lesionู„ูƒู† ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู€
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:05:06,820 --> 00:05:10,780
255
+ side ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ููŠู‡ damage ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right ุงู„ุดู„ุงู„ ุนู„ู‰
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:05:10,780 --> 00:05:14,320
259
+ ุงู„ right damage left ุดู„ุงู„ left ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุญุฏุซ
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:05:14,320 --> 00:05:18,580
263
+ damage ู„ corticospinal tract below decassation
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:05:18,580 --> 00:05:24,960
267
+ below crossing ูˆุงุถุญุŸ okay again ุงู„ location of
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:05:24,960 --> 00:05:29,990
271
+ paralysis below the level of lesioncontralateral
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:05:29,990 --> 00:05:33,110
275
+ above decassation ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุฏู…ุฌ above decassationุŒ
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:05:33,110 --> 00:05:36,410
279
+ ุงู„ู€ symptom ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ contralateral ุตุนุจ ุทุจ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:05:36,410 --> 00:05:40,210
283
+ below decassationุŒ ุฅุจุณูŠ lateralุŒ ุฅุจุณูŠ lateral ุนู„ู‰
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:05:40,210 --> 00:05:45,870
287
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู€ side ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ lower motor neuronุŒ ุฅุจุณูŠ
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:05:45,870 --> 00:05:50,950
291
+ lateral at the level of lesion ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒูŠู ุญุฏุซ ุงู„ุฏู…ุฌ
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:05:50,950 --> 00:05:57,160
295
+ ู„ู€ axillary nerve ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right sideุฃูˆ ุงู„
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:05:57,160 --> 00:06:03,440
299
+ antihorses of C5 segment ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right ุนู„ู‰ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู„ู‰
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:06:03,440 --> 00:06:07,680
303
+ ุงู„ right side ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ูŠู† ุฑุงุญ ูŠุญุฏุซ ุดู„ุงู„ ุงูˆ
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:06:07,680 --> 00:06:12,320
307
+ damageุŸ deltoid muscle ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฏู„ุชูˆูŠุฏ muscle ุฑุงุญ ุชู†ุดู„
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:06:12,320 --> 00:06:16,040
311
+ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ูˆุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ level ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ lower
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:06:16,040 --> 00:06:20,460
315
+ motor neuron symptoms ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฅุจุณูŠ lateral ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:06:20,460 --> 00:06:26,100
319
+ ุงู„ sideูˆุน ู†ูุณ ุงู„ level ุงู†ุง ุจุดุจู‡ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู‡ุฐุง ุจุฎุท
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:06:26,100 --> 00:06:30,620
323
+ ูƒู‡ุฑุจ ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ุฎุท ูƒู‡ุฑุจ ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ู‡ุงูŠ ุฎุท ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:06:30,620 --> 00:06:42,700
327
+ ู…ุงุดูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ูˆ ุจุณู„ู… ู„ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ูˆ
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:06:42,700 --> 00:06:48,430
331
+ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ุฑุงุญ ูŠุณู„ู… ุงู„ nerveู†ุงุฎุฏู‡ุง
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:06:48,430 --> 00:06:52,050
335
+ ุจู„ูˆู† ุซุงู†ูŠ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ upper motor neuron ู†ุฑุณู…ู‡ ุจุงู„ู„ูˆู†
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:06:52,050 --> 00:06:58,490
339
+ ุงู„ุฃุณูˆุฏ ุนุดุงู† ู†ุชู‡ู…ู‡ ุตุญ ู‡ู†ุง
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:06:58,490 --> 00:07:02,650
343
+ above decassation ูˆู‡ู†ุง below decassation ุงู„ fibers
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:07:02,650 --> 00:07:09,090
347
+ ุชุจุนุชู‡ุง ุฑุงุญ ุชุณู„ู… ู„ูƒู„ level ู„ู„ anterior horn cells
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:07:09,090 --> 00:07:14,390
351
+ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ุฑุงุญ ุชุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:07:14,390 --> 00:07:17,630
355
+ anterior horn cells ุชุณู„ู… ู„ู„ nerve ู„ู„ู…uscleู„ู„ู†ูŠุฑูˆ
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:07:17,630 --> 00:07:27,110
359
+ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:07:27,110 --> 00:07:27,130
363
+ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:07:27,130 --> 00:07:30,930
367
+ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:07:30,930 --> 00:07:36,570
371
+ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:07:36,570 --> 00:07:36,570
375
+ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:07:36,570 --> 00:07:36,570
379
+ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:07:36,570 --> 00:07:36,570
383
+ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:07:36,570 --> 00:07:41,130
387
+ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุตู„ ู„ู…ุต
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:07:42,580 --> 00:07:46,560
391
+ ุจุตูŠุฑ ุดู„ู„ ุชุญุช ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉุŒ ุจุณ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุงูƒุณุฉุŒ
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:07:46,560 --> 00:07:49,120
395
+ ุนูˆูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุงูƒุณุฉ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ damage above
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:07:49,120 --> 00:07:52,460
399
+ decussationุŒ ูู‡ู… ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู‡ุฐุงุŸ ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุญุฏ ุงู„ุฏู…ุฌ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:07:52,460 --> 00:07:55,520
403
+ spinal cordุŒ ู„ู„ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ spinal tractุŒ ู„ุชุฑู‚ู‰
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:07:55,520 --> 00:08:00,040
407
+ ุงู„ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ spinal tractุจุตูŠุฑ ุดุงู„ ุชุญุช ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:08:00,040 --> 00:08:02,700
411
+ ูƒู„ู‡ ุจู†ุดุงู„ ุจุณ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ู„ุฅู† ู‡ูˆ ุฏู‡ periodic
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:08:02,700 --> 00:08:06,620
415
+ succession ุฃู†ุง ุจุดุจู‡ู‡ ุจุฎุท ูƒู‡ุฑุจ ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ู†ุงุฒู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏุฑุงุฌ
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:08:06,620 --> 00:08:11,900
419
+ ูˆ ุจูˆุฒู‡ู‡ ู„ูƒู„ ุทุงุจู‚ ู„ูƒู„ ุดุฌุฉ ู„ูˆ ุงู†ู‚ุทุน ุงู„ุฎุท ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ูƒู„ู‡
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:08:11,900 --> 00:08:16,040
423
+ ุจูŠูุตู„ ุชุญุชู‡ ูƒู„ู‡ ุจูŠูุตู„ ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ููŠ ุดุฌุฉ ุฑู‚ู…
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:08:16,040 --> 00:08:21,840
427
+ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ู…ุด ุฏุงูุนุฉ ูƒู‡ุฑุจ ุตุงุญุจู‡ุง ูˆ ุฃุฌูŠุจ ุฏู†ูŠูˆ ุชุนุงู…ู„ ูƒู‡ุฑุจ
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:08:21,840 --> 00:08:25,700
431
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ ุฅูŠุด ุฑุญ ูŠูุตู„ูˆุงุŸ ุฑุญ ูŠูุตู„ูˆุง ุงู„ุณู„ูƒ ุจุชุงุน
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:08:25,700 --> 00:08:33,200
435
+ ุงู„ุดุฌุฉ ู†ูุณู‡ุงููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ุŒ ุงูŠุด ุฑุงุญ ูŠุญุฏุซ ู„ู†ุงุŸ ู…ุง ุฑุงุญ
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:08:33,200 --> 00:08:37,140
439
+ ุชุฑูˆุญ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ muscleุŒ ุฑุงุญ ุชู†ุดู„ ุงู„ muscle ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:08:37,140 --> 00:08:40,900
443
+ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูู‚ุท ู‡ู†ุง ุฑุงุญ ุชู†ุดู„ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:08:40,900 --> 00:08:44,420
447
+ ูˆ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ูˆ ุฃุฌูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ู…ุด ุณูŠู†ุงูุน ูƒู‡ุฑุจุŒ
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:08:44,420 --> 00:08:49,170
451
+ ูˆู‚ุทุน ุนู† ุณู„ูƒ ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจ ุจุชุงุน ุดู‚ุชู‡ุงู„ุนู…ุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุจุฑุฌ ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจ
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:08:49,170 --> 00:08:53,190
455
+ ุฌุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ูˆูŠุฑุฏุณ ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจ ุจุณ ุงู„ุดู‚ุฉ ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:08:53,190 --> 00:08:58,350
459
+ ุงู„ูˆุฑู…ูˆุชูˆู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ูˆุฑู…ูˆุชูˆู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุฅุจุณูŠ lateral at
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:08:58,350 --> 00:09:04,430
463
+ the riddle of the same sideุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉ Paralysis ู…ู†
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:09:04,430 --> 00:09:08,130
467
+ ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุจุชูƒูˆู† Spastic Spastic
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:09:08,130 --> 00:09:11,390
471
+ due to spasticity ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ ุงู„ shock stage ุงู†
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:09:11,390 --> 00:09:14,030
475
+ ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ ุณู†ุฉ ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ุจุดุฑุญู„ูƒูˆุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู†ุถู„ู†ุง ุทูŠุจูŠู†
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:09:14,030 --> 00:09:18,210
479
+ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ shock stage ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† Spastic ุนู†ุฏู‡ู…
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:09:18,210 --> 00:09:21,930
483
+ muscle hypertonia hyperreflexia ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:09:21,930 --> 00:09:25,410
487
+ ุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ูู„ุณูุฉ muscle hypotonia
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:09:25,410 --> 00:09:31,690
491
+ ูˆhyperreflexia ูˆareflexiaู†ุฌูŠู†ุง ุงู„ muscle ุงูŠุด ุงู„ูุฑู‚
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:09:31,690 --> 00:09:34,530
495
+ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ upper motoneuron ูˆ ุงู„ lower motoneuron ู…ู†
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:09:34,530 --> 00:09:38,270
499
+ ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ upper motoneuron ุงู„ muscle state wasting
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:09:38,270 --> 00:09:45,800
503
+ or muscle hypotrophy okay very lateููŠ ูˆู‚ุช ู…ุชุฃุฎุฑ
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:09:45,800 --> 00:09:51,700
507
+ ู„ูŠู‡ ุจุชุญุฏุซุŸ due to disuse ู„ุนุฏู… ุงู„ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ููŠ ุญุงู„
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:09:51,700 --> 00:09:56,280
511
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู…ุง ุชู…ุดูŠ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ุง ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ููŠู‡ุง ุถู…ูˆุฑ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:09:56,280 --> 00:10:01,860
515
+ ุงู„ู„ูˆู„ุงุฑ ู…ูˆุทู†ูŠูˆู† ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… early muscle
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:10:01,860 --> 00:10:06,860
519
+ hypotrophy ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ anterior horn cells ู‡ูŠ
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:10:06,860 --> 00:10:11,720
523
+ ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† nourishment of the muscle fibers ุชู„ุงุชุฉ
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:10:12,730 --> 00:10:16,250
527
+ ุฃูˆ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ muscles muscle tone ุงู„ muscle
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:10:16,250 --> 00:10:20,470
531
+ tone ููŠ ุงู„ upper motor neuron ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง muscle
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:10:20,470 --> 00:10:25,710
535
+ hypertonia ุงูˆ spasticity ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ lower motor
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:10:25,710 --> 00:10:29,690
539
+ neuron ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง muscle hypotonia ุงูˆ flaccidity
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:10:31,260 --> 00:10:34,320
543
+ muscle fasciculation ุงูŠุด ุงู„ muscle fasciculationุŸ
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:10:34,320 --> 00:10:39,720
547
+ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† spontaneous contraction of muscle
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:10:39,720 --> 00:10:42,280
551
+ group ุจู„ุงุญุธ ุงู„ muscle ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ุง contraction
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:10:42,280 --> 00:10:47,340
555
+ ุจุชุชุญุฑูƒ ุจุฏูˆู† ุญุฑูƒุฉ ู„ุง ุฅูŠุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ absent in the upper
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:10:47,340 --> 00:10:51,900
559
+ motoneon ู„ูƒู† ุจุชูƒูˆู† presentedููŠ ุงู„ lower motor
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:10:51,900 --> 00:10:55,080
563
+ neuron ู…ุด ููŠ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุดูŠุก ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ููŠ
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:10:55,080 --> 00:10:59,200
567
+ irritation or lesion of the anterior whole cells
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:10:59,200 --> 00:11:04,540
571
+ ุฃูˆ of the motor cranial nuclei in the brain stem
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:11:04,540 --> 00:11:08,180
575
+ ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุขุฎุฑ reflexes ูƒูŠู ู†ูุฑุฌ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ุจุงู„
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:11:08,180 --> 00:11:14,490
579
+ reflexes ุงู„ deep reflexesุจูŠูƒูˆู† hyperreflexia ูŠุนู†ูŠ
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:11:14,490 --> 00:11:18,030
583
+ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง near reflex ุจูŠูƒูˆู† hyperreflexia ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:11:18,030 --> 00:11:21,650
587
+ lower motor neuron ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† hyperreflexia ุงูˆ
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:11:21,650 --> 00:11:26,750
591
+ areflexia absent of reflexุงู„ูƒู„ูˆู†ุงุณุŒ ุงูŠุด ู‡ูˆ
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:11:26,750 --> 00:11:31,090
595
+ ุงู„ูƒู„ูˆู†ุงุณุŸ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฑhythmic serial of
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:11:31,090 --> 00:11:36,470
599
+ contraction in response to sudden stretch of
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:11:36,470 --> 00:11:41,110
603
+ muscle tendon ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ู„ู„ููˆุชุŒ ุนู…ู„ู†ุง sudden stretch
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:11:41,110 --> 00:11:45,490
607
+ ู„ู„ุฃูƒูŠู„ูŠ ุงู„ุณู†ุฏู†ุŒ ุฑุงุญ ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ููˆุช ูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนู‡ุง ุดูŠุก
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:11:45,490 --> 00:11:49,600
611
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ูƒู„ูˆู†ุงุณุŒ Dorsiflexion ู…ุน plantar flexionOkay
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:11:49,600 --> 00:11:52,680
615
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุจุชู‚ู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู†ุฏู‡ severe
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:11:52,680 --> 00:11:56,660
619
+ hyperreflexia .. severe hyperreflexia ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:11:56,660 --> 00:12:00,080
623
+ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ class madam severe hyperreflexia ุฑุงุญ ุชูƒูˆู†
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:12:00,080 --> 00:12:05,040
627
+ present in the upper motoneuron and absent in the
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:12:05,040 --> 00:12:09,280
631
+ lower motoneuron ุจุงุจูŠู†ุณูƒูŠ ุฑูู„ูŠูƒุณ ุฃูˆ pathological
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:12:09,280 --> 00:12:13,220
635
+ plantar reflex ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ upper motoneuron
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:12:13,220 --> 00:12:19,750
639
+ and absent in the lower motoneuronSuperficial
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:12:19,750 --> 00:12:24,630
643
+ reflexes ุฑุญ ุชูƒูˆู† lost in the upper motoneuron
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:12:24,630 --> 00:12:28,130
647
+ below the level of lesion ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ lower
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:12:28,130 --> 00:12:34,090
651
+ motoneuron lost at the level of the same site ู‡ูŠ
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:12:34,090 --> 00:12:38,210
655
+ ูƒุฃู†ุง ุจูƒูˆู† ุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒูˆุง ุงู„ differential between the
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:12:38,210 --> 00:12:42,190
659
+ upper motoneuron and lower motoneuron ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฌุฒุฆูŠุฉ
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:12:42,440 --> 00:12:46,040
663
+ ุชุงุจ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุนุดุฑ ู„ูƒู† ุงู†ุง ู…ุง
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:12:46,040 --> 00:12:49,780
667
+ ุฃุณุนุทู†ูŠุด ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ูˆ ุดุฑุงุญุชู„ูƒูˆุง ุฅูŠุงู‡ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ู…ุน
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:12:49,780 --> 00:12:53,780
671
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ุนุดุฑ ูƒูŠูƒ ู†ูƒูˆู† ุงุญู†ุง ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ู…ู†
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:12:53,780 --> 00:12:59,480
675
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุนุดุฑ ุงู†ุชุฌู„ ุงู„ุขู†
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:12:59,480 --> 00:13:04,200
679
+ ู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุชู†ุง ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:13:04,200 --> 00:13:12,860
683
+ ุนุดุฑanatomy and physiology of the motor system part
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:13:12,860 --> 00:13:17,300
687
+ 2 ุงุญู†ุง ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุงูˆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ motor
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:13:17,300 --> 00:13:22,040
691
+ system ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ motor
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:13:22,040 --> 00:13:29,440
695
+ system ู†ุจุฏุฃ
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:13:29,440 --> 00:13:40,790
699
+ ุจ human reflexes reflexู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† involuntary
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:13:40,790 --> 00:13:42,890
703
+ action
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:13:44,240 --> 00:13:49,180
707
+ performed in response to impulses ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:13:49,180 --> 00:13:53,860
711
+ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ involuntary action performed in response to
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:13:53,860 --> 00:13:59,020
715
+ impulse ุงูŠุด ู‡ูˆ responseุŸ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† sensory stimulus
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:13:59,020 --> 00:14:02,480
719
+ sensory stimulus ุฑุงุญ ู†ุดุฑุญู‡ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… what's the
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:14:02,480 --> 00:14:07,060
723
+ classification of reflexes reflex ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฑุฏ ุงู„ูุนู„ ุฑุฏ
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:14:07,060 --> 00:14:14,150
727
+ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ูุนู„ peripheral reflexes autonomicู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:14:14,150 --> 00:14:18,310
731
+ ู…ุซู„ sympathetic ูˆูŠุจุงุฑู‰ sympathetic ุน ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:14:18,310 --> 00:14:23,330
735
+ GIT reflexesู…ุซู„ ุงู„ defecation ูˆ ุงู„ urination
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:14:23,330 --> 00:14:27,510
739
+ reflex ู„ุง ุฅูŠุฑุงุฏูŠ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุจูŠุตุญู‰ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ูˆู… ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:14:27,510 --> 00:14:31,850
743
+ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุฉ ุนุดุงู† ูŠุนู…ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุจูˆู„ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชุจุฑุฒ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:14:31,850 --> 00:14:36,450
747
+ reflex ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ peripheral reflex ุชุงุจุน ู„ู„
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:14:36,450 --> 00:14:40,450
751
+ autonomic nervous system ู„ู„ parasympathetic ุฃูƒุชุฑ
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:14:40,450 --> 00:14:47,730
755
+ Central reflex Central reflex ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ ุฑุฏ ููŠู‡
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:14:47,730 --> 00:14:50,310
759
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ ุจูŠู‚ุณู…ู‡ู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู†
760
+
761
+ 191
762
+ 00:14:53,260 --> 00:14:59,740
763
+ conduction reflexes ู‡ุฐูŠ acquired ุจุชุฌูŠู†ุง ู„ู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงูˆ
764
+
765
+ 192
766
+ 00:14:59,740 --> 00:15:04,020
767
+ ู„ุงู„ุงู†ุณุงู† ุจุชุฌูŠ by learning and training ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ูŠ
768
+
769
+ 193
770
+ 00:15:04,020 --> 00:15:08,260
771
+ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† skills ู…ู‡ุงุฑุงุช ุชุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูˆ ุจุชุฏุฑุจ
772
+
773
+ 194
774
+ 00:15:08,260 --> 00:15:12,740
775
+ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ learning and training ู…ุน
776
+
777
+ 195
778
+ 00:15:12,740 --> 00:15:18,900
779
+ ุชุฏุฑูŠุจand are integrated in cerebral cortex ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู†
780
+
781
+ 196
782
+ 00:15:18,900 --> 00:15:23,480
783
+ ูŠุถู„ู‡ู… ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒ ุจุชุงุน๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝู… ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ cerebral cortex
784
+
785
+ 197
786
+ 00:15:23,480 --> 00:15:28,620
787
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ reflex center ู„ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ reflexes ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูˆูŠู† ููŠ
788
+
789
+ 198
790
+ 00:15:28,620 --> 00:15:32,660
791
+ ุงู„ cerebral cortex ูŠุจู‚ู‰ integration center ู„ู‡ู…
792
+
793
+ 199
794
+ 00:15:32,660 --> 00:15:38,520
795
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ cerebral cortexunconditional reflexes
796
+
797
+ 200
798
+ 00:15:38,520 --> 00:15:42,460
799
+ ู‡ุฏู‰ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† congenital reflexes ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู…ู†ุฐ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงุฏุฉ
800
+
801
+ 201
802
+ 00:15:42,460 --> 00:15:45,960
803
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† without learning without
804
+
805
+ 202
806
+ 00:15:45,960 --> 00:15:51,460
807
+ learning hypothalamic reflex ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„
808
+
809
+ 203
810
+ 00:15:51,460 --> 00:15:56,040
811
+ regulation of body temperature water balance and
812
+
813
+ 204
814
+ 00:15:56,040 --> 00:16:02,740
815
+ other midbrain reflex ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ pastoral and
816
+
817
+ 205
818
+ 00:16:02,740 --> 00:16:07,650
819
+ visual reflexMedullary reflex ู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„
820
+
821
+ 206
822
+ 00:16:07,650 --> 00:16:12,490
823
+ visual reflex light reflex ู„ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุฃุฌูŠุช ุจุงู„ุถูˆุกุŒ
824
+
825
+ 207
826
+ 00:16:12,490 --> 00:16:15,990
827
+ ุถูˆูŠุช ููŠ ุงู„ุนูŠู†ุŒ ุฑุญ ูŠุญุฏุซ construction ู„ู„ pupilsุŒ
828
+
829
+ 208
830
+ 00:16:15,990 --> 00:16:19,210
831
+ ุจู‚ุจู‡ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ูŠุตุบุฑ ุฃูˆ ู„ูˆ ุทู„ุนู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุถู„ุงู… ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุถูˆุก ููŠ
832
+
833
+ 209
834
+ 00:16:19,210 --> 00:16:23,170
835
+ ุงู„ุดู…ุณุŒ ุงู„ุจู‚ุจูˆ ุงู„ pupils ุฑุญ ูŠุตุบุฑ ููŠ ุญุฌู…ู‡ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุนูƒุณ
836
+
837
+ 210
838
+ 00:16:23,170 --> 00:16:28,450
839
+ ุตุญูŠุญ ูุชู†ุง ู…ู† ุถูˆุก ู„ุบุฑูู‡ ู…ุนุชู…ุฉุŒ ุฑุญ ูŠุตูŠุฑ dilatation
840
+
841
+ 211
842
+ 00:16:28,450 --> 00:16:32,830
843
+ ููŠ ุงู„ pupils ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ congenital reflex ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ
844
+
845
+ 212
846
+ 00:16:32,830 --> 00:16:36,270
847
+ ุงู„ mind brainMedullary reflex ู…ุซู„ ุงู„
848
+
849
+ 213
850
+ 00:16:36,270 --> 00:16:40,590
851
+ cardiovascularุŒ respiratoryุŒ digestive reflex
852
+
853
+ 214
854
+ 00:16:40,590 --> 00:16:46,010
855
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ูˆูŠู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ Medulla oblongata
856
+
857
+ 215
858
+ 00:16:46,010 --> 00:16:50,670
859
+ ููŠ spinal reflex ู…ู† ุถู…ู† ุงู„ spinal reflex ููŠ
860
+
861
+ 216
862
+ 00:16:50,670 --> 00:16:55,190
863
+ superficial reflex ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ skin reflex ู…ุซู„ ุงู„
864
+
865
+ 217
866
+ 00:16:55,190 --> 00:17:03,060
867
+ abdominal reflexุŒ anal reflex ูˆููŠ deep reflexู‡ุฐู‡
868
+
869
+ 218
870
+ 00:17:03,060 --> 00:17:09,060
871
+ ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ู‡ูˆ knee jerk, ankle jerk ุงูˆ ankle reflex,
872
+
873
+ 219
874
+ 00:17:09,520 --> 00:17:15,020
875
+ jerk ุงูˆ reflex ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ูˆููŠ visceral reflex for
876
+
877
+ 220
878
+ 00:17:15,020 --> 00:17:22,840
879
+ internal organs for a internal organs ุงู„ุขู† ุฑุงุญ
880
+
881
+ 221
882
+ 00:17:22,840 --> 00:17:27,400
883
+ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ spinal reflexes ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุณู†ุฉ
884
+
885
+ 222
886
+ 00:17:27,400 --> 00:17:31,070
887
+ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุนุฉุจู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ู… ูˆุจู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ examination of
888
+
889
+ 223
890
+ 00:17:31,070 --> 00:17:33,950
891
+ the nervous system ูˆูƒูŠู ู†ูุญุต ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ reflexes
892
+
893
+ 224
894
+ 00:17:33,950 --> 00:17:40,010
895
+ ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ููŠู†ุง ุซู„ุงุซ ุฃู†ูˆุงุน spinal reflexes ููŠ
896
+
897
+ 225
898
+ 00:17:40,010 --> 00:17:42,930
899
+ superficial reflex ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงูŠุด superficial reflex
900
+
901
+ 226
902
+ 00:17:42,930 --> 00:17:49,140
903
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุญุฏุซ contraction ู„ู„ู…ุตู„ withoutjoint movement
904
+
905
+ 227
906
+ 00:17:49,140 --> 00:17:53,460
907
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุนู…ู„ู†ุง abdominal reflex ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ contraction
908
+
909
+ 228
910
+ 00:17:53,460 --> 00:17:57,200
911
+ ู„ู„ abdominal muscle gag reflex ุงูˆ pharyngeal
912
+
913
+ 229
914
+ 00:17:57,200 --> 00:18:00,600
915
+ reflex ุจูŠุญุฏุซ contraction ู„ู„ pharyngeal muscle
916
+
917
+ 230
918
+ 00:18:00,600 --> 00:18:09,460
919
+ without joint movement ุทูŠุจ biceps reflex ู‡ุจูŠุนุชุจุฑ
920
+
921
+ 231
922
+ 00:18:09,460 --> 00:18:15,810
923
+ ุงูŠู‡ุŸdeep reflex ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ุงุชูƒู„ู…ุช ุนู„ู‰ deep reflex ู„ุฃู†
924
+
925
+ 232
926
+ 00:18:15,810 --> 00:18:20,850
927
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุญุฏุซ joint movement ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุงู†ู‡ ูŠุญุฏุซ
928
+
929
+ 233
930
+ 00:18:20,850 --> 00:18:25,730
931
+ joint movement ุจุณู…ูŠู‡ deep reflex ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฑุฏ ูุนู„ ุนู…ูŠู‚
932
+
933
+ 234
934
+ 00:18:25,730 --> 00:18:32,270
935
+ ุงุชุญุฑูƒ ููŠู‡ joint ูˆ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ visceral reflex ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู…
936
+
937
+ 235
938
+ 00:18:32,270 --> 00:18:35,730
939
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ internal organs ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„
940
+
941
+ 236
942
+ 00:18:35,730 --> 00:18:41,380
943
+ internal organsุทูŠุจ ุฅูŠุด ุฃู†ูˆุงุน superficial reflexุŸ
944
+
945
+ 237
946
+ 00:18:41,380 --> 00:18:46,600
947
+ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ู… ุงู„ superficial reflexุŸ plantar reflexุŒ
948
+
949
+ 238
950
+ 00:18:46,600 --> 00:18:53,440
951
+ abdominal reflex ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ู„ุฃุฎูˆู‡ ู„ูˆุญุฏ ุญูŠุต ู…ู† ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ู†
952
+
953
+ 239
954
+ 00:18:53,440 --> 00:18:56,920
955
+ ุจุทู†ู‡ุŒ ุฌุฑุณ ูˆ ุฐูŠูƒ ุดูˆูŠุฉุŒ ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุญุฏุซ contractionุŒ ุชู‚ูˆู„
956
+
957
+ 240
958
+ 00:18:56,920 --> 00:19:00,640
959
+ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุญุงุตุŒ ุญุฏุซ contraction ููŠ ุงู„ abdominal muscleุŒ
960
+
961
+ 241
962
+ 00:19:00,640 --> 00:19:05,080
963
+ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ abdominal reflexinner reflex ู„ูˆ ุนู…ู„ู†ุง
964
+
965
+ 242
966
+ 00:19:05,080 --> 00:19:08,420
967
+ stroking around the anus ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู„ external
968
+
969
+ 243
970
+ 00:19:08,420 --> 00:19:12,400
971
+ sphincter ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุงุฏ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุญุฏุซ contraction ู„
972
+
973
+ 244
974
+ 00:19:12,400 --> 00:19:16,440
975
+ external sphincter ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ู‡ุฐุง a superficial reflex
976
+
977
+ 245
978
+ 00:19:16,440 --> 00:19:21,500
979
+ cremastric reflex ู‡ุฐุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ูŠู„ ู„ูˆ ุนู…ู„ู†ุง
980
+
981
+ 246
982
+ 00:19:21,500 --> 00:19:24,760
983
+ stroking ุงูˆ irritation ููŠ ุงู„ medial aspect of
984
+
985
+ 247
986
+ 00:19:24,760 --> 00:19:28,480
987
+ thigh ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุญุฏุซ elevation of testis ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ
988
+
989
+ 248
990
+ 00:19:28,480 --> 00:19:32,640
991
+ elevation ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ุชุณุชุณCornier reflex ุฃูˆ
992
+
993
+ 249
994
+ 00:19:32,640 --> 00:19:38,640
995
+ conjunctivir reflex ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠุจู†ุง ู‚ุทุนุฉ ู‚ุทู†ุญุทูŠู†ุงู‡ุง ููŠ
996
+
997
+ 250
998
+ 00:19:38,640 --> 00:19:41,620
999
+ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ conjunctiva ู„ู…ุณู†ุงู‡ุง ุงูŠุด ุญุฏุซ ู„ุนูŠู†ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰
1000
+
1001
+ 251
1002
+ 00:19:41,620 --> 00:19:45,800
1003
+ ุงู„ุณุฑูŠุน ุจู†ุบู…ุถ ุนูŠู†ู†ุง ูƒู†ุง ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู…ุนู†ุง corneal reflex
1004
+
1005
+ 252
1006
+ 00:19:45,800 --> 00:19:49,040
1007
+ ุงูˆ conjunctivial reflex ุจุฏูˆู† ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ู†ููƒุฑ ููŠู‡
1008
+
1009
+ 253
1010
+ 00:19:49,040 --> 00:19:52,480
1011
+ ู…ุงุดูŠูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุดุงุฑุน ุฑูŠุญ ุบุจุฑุฉ ุงุดุฑุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณุฑูŠุน ุฑุงุญ ุชุฌู…ุฏ
1012
+
1013
+ 254
1014
+ 00:19:52,480 --> 00:19:57,780
1015
+ ุบู…ุถ ุนูŠู†ูƒ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ู‡ุฐุง reflex ุนุดุงู† ุงุญู…ูŠ ุนูŠู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุบุจุงุฑ
1016
+
1017
+ 255
1018
+ 00:19:57,780 --> 00:20:03,870
1019
+ ูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ู‡ูˆุงุก palatal reflexุงู„ ุจู„ุงุชุฉ reflex ููŠ ุญุงู„
1020
+
1021
+ 256
1022
+ 00:20:03,870 --> 00:20:07,670
1023
+ ุฃู†ุง ุนู…ู„ุช irritation ู„ู„ soft palate ููŠ ุงู„ mouth
1024
+
1025
+ 257
1026
+ 00:20:07,670 --> 00:20:11,410
1027
+ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ elevation ู„ู„ soft palate ุจูŠุญุฏุซ elevation
1028
+
1029
+ 258
1030
+ 00:20:11,410 --> 00:20:16,630
1031
+ ู„ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ู„ soft palate ูˆ gag reflex ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡
1032
+
1033
+ 259
1034
+ 00:20:16,630 --> 00:20:21,050
1035
+ pharyngeal reflex ู„ูˆ ุฃุฌูŠู†ุง ูุญุตู†ุง ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูˆุนู…ู„ู†ุง
1036
+
1037
+ 260
1038
+ 00:20:21,050 --> 00:20:26,370
1039
+ depression ุงูˆ depressive ู„ู„ tongue ุถุบุทู†ุง ุงู„ tongue
1040
+
1041
+ 261
1042
+ 00:20:26,370 --> 00:20:30,240
1043
+ ุจ tongue depressor ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ูˆ ุงุนู…ู„ู†ุง
1044
+
1045
+ 262
1046
+ 00:20:30,240 --> 00:20:33,500
1047
+ irritation ุจูˆุฑุฌุฉ ูˆูˆุฑุฌุฉ ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงุนู…ู„ู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ
1048
+
1049
+ 263
1050
+ 00:20:33,500 --> 00:20:36,800
1051
+ irritation ู„ ุงู„ posterior wall of the pharynx ุจุญุฏุซ
1052
+
1053
+ 264
1054
+ 00:20:36,800 --> 00:20:40,040
1055
+ contraction ู„ ุงู„ pharyngeal muscle ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจูŠุนู…ู„
1056
+
1057
+ 265
1058
+ 00:20:40,040 --> 00:20:44,000
1059
+ vomiting ู…ู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ irritation of the posterior
1060
+
1061
+ 266
1062
+ 00:20:44,000 --> 00:20:47,980
1063
+ wall of the pharynx ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠ gag reflex ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ
1064
+
1065
+ 267
1066
+ 00:20:47,980 --> 00:20:51,600
1067
+ ุงู„ level ุนู„ู‰ ุงูŠ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุจูŠุชู… ุงู„ gag reflex ุจูŠุชู… ุนู„ู‰
1068
+
1069
+ 268
1070
+ 00:20:51,600 --> 00:20:56,040
1071
+ medallary level ุนูˆุงู†ุŸู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฑูŠ level ุทุจ ุจู„ุงุช ุงู„
1072
+
1073
+ 269
1074
+ 00:20:56,040 --> 00:21:01,940
1075
+ reflex ุจุชู… ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฑูŠ level ุงู„ corner reflex ุจุชู…
1076
+
1077
+ 270
1078
+ 00:21:01,940 --> 00:21:09,850
1079
+ ุนู„ู‰ pontine levelcremastric reflex ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ ุงู„
1080
+
1081
+ 271
1082
+ 00:21:09,850 --> 00:21:13,470
1083
+ spinal level inner reflex spinal level abdominal
1084
+
1085
+ 272
1086
+ 00:21:13,470 --> 00:21:18,770
1087
+ reflex ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ููŠ upper ูˆ middle ูˆ lower ุจูŠุชู…ูˆุง
1088
+
1089
+ 273
1090
+ 00:21:18,770 --> 00:21:22,730
1091
+ ุนู„ู‰ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ spinal level plantar reflex spinal
1092
+
1093
+ 274
1094
+ 00:21:22,730 --> 00:21:26,930
1095
+ level ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุงุฑุจุนุฉ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจูŠุชู…ูˆุง ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
1096
+
1097
+ 275
1098
+ 00:21:26,930 --> 00:21:30,990
1099
+ ุนู„ู‰ spinal level ู„ูŠู‡ุŸู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ู… spinal
1100
+
1101
+ 276
1102
+ 00:21:30,990 --> 00:21:35,070
1103
+ nerves ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ู… spinal nerves ู„ูƒู† corneal reflex
1104
+
1105
+ 277
1106
+ 00:21:35,070 --> 00:21:40,170
1107
+ ุจู„ุงุทุฑ reflex ูˆ gag reflex ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ู… cranial
1108
+
1109
+ 278
1110
+ 00:21:40,170 --> 00:21:44,550
1111
+ nerves ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชู… ู…ูˆู„ู‚ ุนูˆูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1112
+
1113
+ 279
1114
+ 00:21:44,550 --> 00:21:51,230
1115
+ ู‡ูˆ brainstem ู†ุงุฎุฏ ู…ุซู„ corneal reflex corneal
1116
+
1117
+ 280
1118
+ 00:21:51,230 --> 00:21:56,390
1119
+ reflex ุงู„ุฃููŠุฑุงู†ุช ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„
1120
+
1121
+ 281
1122
+ 00:21:56,390 --> 00:21:57,910
1123
+ ุนู†ู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ sensory nerve
1124
+
1125
+ 282
1126
+ 00:22:00,520 --> 00:22:07,120
1127
+ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ V1 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงูุชุนู„ ู…ุช ุจุฑุงู†ุด of ุชุฑุงุฌูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„
1128
+
1129
+ 283
1130
+ 00:22:07,120 --> 00:22:15,820
1131
+ nerve ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ efferent ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1132
+
1133
+ 284
1134
+ 00:22:15,820 --> 00:22:22,680
1135
+ ู‡ูˆ motor ูŠุนุชุจุฑ facial nerve facial nerve ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1136
+
1137
+ 285
1138
+ 00:22:22,680 --> 00:22:27,400
1139
+ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ contraction ู„ู„ arbicularis oculi muscle ุงู„
1140
+
1141
+ 286
1142
+ 00:22:27,400 --> 00:22:39,930
1143
+ palatal reflexู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ efferent sensory ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
1144
+
1145
+ 287
1146
+ 00:22:39,930 --> 00:22:45,510
1147
+ V2 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve
1148
+
1149
+ 288
1150
+ 00:22:45,510 --> 00:22:54,850
1151
+ ุทูŠุจ efferent ุงู„ motor ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
1152
+
1153
+ 289
1154
+ 00:22:54,850 --> 00:22:59,490
1155
+ Vegas nerve ุฒุงุฆุฏ cranial
1156
+
1157
+ 290
1158
+ 00:23:02,360 --> 00:23:07,620
1159
+ accessory ุฒุงุฆุฏ cranial accessory ูˆ gag reflex ุงูˆ
1160
+
1161
+ 291
1162
+ 00:23:07,620 --> 00:23:17,260
1163
+ pharyngeal reflex afferent ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ sensory ู…ุณุฆูˆู„
1164
+
1165
+ 292
1166
+ 00:23:17,260 --> 00:23:21,660
1167
+ ุนู†ู‡ ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ sensory ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ glossopharyngeal
1168
+
1169
+ 293
1170
+ 00:23:21,660 --> 00:23:26,880
1171
+ nerve ุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ efferent
1172
+
1173
+ 294
1174
+ 00:23:32,660 --> 00:23:39,100
1175
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุชู„ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† Vegas nerve ุฒุงุฆุฏ cranial
1176
+
1177
+ 295
1178
+ 00:23:39,100 --> 00:23:45,980
1179
+ accessory ู‡ุฐุง ููŠ ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู…ุง cranial reflexes
1180
+
1181
+ 296
1182
+ 00:23:58,090 --> 00:24:02,910
1183
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ุงู†ุง ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠุจุช ู‚ุทุฉ ู‚ุทู† ูˆู…ุดูŠุชู‡ุง ุญุฑูƒุชู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰
1184
+
1185
+ 297
1186
+ 00:24:02,910 --> 00:24:06,470
1187
+ conjunctiva of the eye ุฑุงุญ ูŠุดุนุฑูˆุง ุจุงู„ irritation
1188
+
1189
+ 298
1190
+ 00:24:06,470 --> 00:24:09,450
1191
+ ุงู„ receptor ุฑุงุญ ูŠุดุนุฑูˆุง ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1192
+
1193
+ 299
1194
+ 00:24:09,450 --> 00:24:12,430
1195
+ ophthalmic nerve of the trigeminal ุฑุงุญ ูŠุฃุชูŠ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ
1196
+
1197
+ 300
1198
+ 00:24:12,430 --> 00:24:17,710
1199
+ ู„ู…ู†ุŸ ู„ู„ brain stem ู„ู„ pons ูˆู…ู†ู‡ุง ุชุฑุฌุน ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุจุงู„
1200
+
1201
+ 301
1202
+ 00:24:17,710 --> 00:24:20,430
1203
+ motor fibers ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ facial nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุบู…ุถ
1204
+
1205
+ 302
1206
+ 00:24:20,430 --> 00:24:23,750
1207
+ ู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูŠุนู…ู„ closure ู„ู„ eye ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠ reflex
1208
+
1209
+ 303
1210
+ 00:24:23,750 --> 00:24:29,640
1211
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ conjunctival ุฃูˆ corneal reflexุทูŠุจ deep
1212
+
1213
+ 304
1214
+ 00:24:29,640 --> 00:24:35,260
1215
+ reflexes ุงูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… proprio ุณุจุชู ุงูˆ stretch spinal
1216
+
1217
+ 305
1218
+ 00:24:35,260 --> 00:24:42,660
1219
+ reflex ุฒูŠ ุฌูˆุฌูŠุฑูƒุŒ ุจุงูŠุณูŠุจุณ reflexุŒ ุชุฑุงูŠุณูŠุจุณ reflexุŒ
1220
+
1221
+ 306
1222
+ 00:24:42,660 --> 00:24:46,840
1223
+ subbinator ุงูˆ curb radialis reflexุŒ knee reflex
1224
+
1225
+ 307
1226
+ 00:24:47,680 --> 00:24:52,120
1227
+ ุงู†ูƒู„ ุงูˆ ุงูƒูŠู„ูŠุณ reflex ุงูˆ ุฌูŠุฑูƒ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ุถุฑุจู†ุง ุน ุงู„
1228
+
1229
+ 308
1230
+ 00:24:52,120 --> 00:24:58,120
1231
+ tendon of biceps ุจุงู„ู‡ู…ุงุฑ ุจุชุงุนูŠ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุญุฏุซ ุงูŠู‡
1232
+
1233
+ 309
1234
+ 00:24:58,120 --> 00:25:02,940
1235
+ friction ู„ู„ elbow ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ reflex ุฏูŠุจ ู„ูƒู† ู„ูŠู‡ ุฏูŠุจ
1236
+
1237
+ 310
1238
+ 00:25:02,940 --> 00:25:11,900
1239
+ ู„ุงู† ุงุชุญุฑูƒ ุงู„ู…ูุตู„ ุจุชุงุนู‡ human reflex arc the reflex
1240
+
1241
+ 311
1242
+ 00:25:11,900 --> 00:25:20,630
1243
+ arc include afferentor input sensory nerve center
1244
+
1245
+ 312
1246
+ 00:25:20,630 --> 00:25:25,010
1247
+ ุงูˆ inter neuron ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ integrative center ูˆ
1248
+
1249
+ 313
1250
+ 00:25:25,010 --> 00:25:30,210
1251
+ afferent output ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ motor you can afferent
1252
+
1253
+ 314
1254
+ 00:25:30,210 --> 00:25:37,330
1255
+ input ุงู†ุง ุงูˆ
1256
+
1257
+ 315
1258
+ 00:25:37,330 --> 00:25:43,830
1259
+ ู‡ุงู† again afferent input ุงูˆ sensorynerve center ุงูˆ
1260
+
1261
+ 316
1262
+ 00:25:43,830 --> 00:25:47,930
1263
+ inter neurons ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ integrative center ูˆ if you
1264
+
1265
+ 317
1266
+ 00:25:47,930 --> 00:25:58,970
1267
+ want output ุงูˆ ุงูŠู‡ motor ู†ุดูˆู
1268
+
1269
+ 318
1270
+ 00:25:58,970 --> 00:26:06,890
1271
+ reflex R ู‚ุจู„ ูƒู„ ุดูŠ ู†ุฌูŠุจ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ reflex ู†ูŠ
1272
+
1273
+ 319
1274
+ 00:26:06,890 --> 00:26:10,710
1275
+ ุฌูŠุฑูƒ ุงูŠุด ุญุฏุซ ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ู†ูŠ ุฌูŠุฑูƒ ุนู…ู„ู†ุง
1276
+
1277
+ 320
1278
+ 00:26:20,700 --> 00:26:25,220
1279
+ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุจุฏุฃุช ุชุฑูˆุญ ุจุงู„ู€ Afferent ุจุงู„ู€ Sensory Input
1280
+
1281
+ 321
1282
+ 00:26:25,220 --> 00:26:34,070
1283
+ ุทู„ุนุช ุจุงู„ู€ Sensory Fibers of the femoral nerveู‡ูˆ
1284
+
1285
+ 322
1286
+ 00:26:34,070 --> 00:26:37,990
1287
+ ุฑุงุญุช ู„ู„ุจุณุชูŠุฑูˆ ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุฌู„ูŠูˆู† ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠ ุจุชุฑูˆุญ ู„ู„ุจุณุชูŠุฑูˆ
1288
+
1289
+ 323
1290
+ 00:26:37,990 --> 00:26:47,350
1291
+ ู‡ูˆุฑู†ุณุฑุฒ ู‡ู†ุง ุฎู„ุต ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ sensory input
1292
+
1293
+ 324
1294
+ 00:26:47,350 --> 00:26:49,650
1295
+ you gonna have ุงู„ affluent pathway ุจุชุงุนู‡
1296
+
1297
+ 325
1298
+ 00:26:54,260 --> 00:26:59,660
1299
+ ู„ุงุฒู… ู†ุชุฌู„ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ู† sensory input ู„ motor output
1300
+
1301
+ 326
1302
+ 00:26:59,660 --> 00:27:04,260
1303
+ ุทุจ ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู†ุฌู„ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… Inter neurons
1304
+
1305
+ 327
1306
+ 00:27:07,510 --> 00:27:11,530
1307
+ ู‡ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู†ุชุฑู†ูŠุฑูˆู†ุฒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุจูŠู† ุงู„ posterior
1308
+
1309
+ 328
1310
+ 00:27:11,530 --> 00:27:16,990
1311
+ horn cells ูˆ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ุน ูƒู„ segment ูˆ
1312
+
1313
+ 329
1314
+ 00:27:16,990 --> 00:27:22,670
1315
+ ู…ู† ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู‡ู… regulationุŸ Corticospinal tract ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1316
+
1317
+ 330
1318
+ 00:27:22,670 --> 00:27:28,690
1319
+ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ cortex ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู‡ู… regulation ุทูŠุจ
1320
+
1321
+ 331
1322
+ 00:27:28,690 --> 00:27:34,330
1323
+ ุจุนุฏูƒ ุจุฑุฌุน ุงู„ output motorุจุงู„ู€ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ anterior host
1324
+
1325
+ 332
1326
+ 00:27:34,330 --> 00:27:39,050
1327
+ cells ููŠ motor neurons ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุจูŠุทู„ุน ุจุงู„ู€ anterior
1328
+
1329
+ 333
1330
+ 00:27:39,050 --> 00:27:44,490
1331
+ root ูˆ ุจูŠุฑุฌุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ motor fibers of the femoral
1332
+
1333
+ 334
1334
+ 00:27:44,490 --> 00:27:49,860
1335
+ nerveุจุฑูˆุญ ูŠู‚ุฏู‘ูŠู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ muscle fibers of
1336
+
1337
+ 335
1338
+ 00:27:49,860 --> 00:27:53,720
1339
+ quadriceps muscle ุจูŠุญุฏุซ contraction ููŠ ุงู„
1340
+
1341
+ 336
1342
+ 00:27:53,720 --> 00:27:57,900
1343
+ quadriceps ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ contraction ุจูŠู‚ุฏู‘ูŠ ุงู„ู‰ knee
1344
+
1345
+ 337
1346
+ 00:27:57,900 --> 00:28:02,820
1347
+ extension knee extension ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ reflex ุงู†ุง
1348
+
1349
+ 338
1350
+ 00:28:02,820 --> 00:28:07,560
1351
+ ุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒูˆุง ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ knee reflex ุงูˆ knee jerk
1352
+
1353
+ 339
1354
+ 00:28:19,680 --> 00:28:26,480
1355
+ Okay ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ู€ knee jerk ู†ุฑุฌุน reflex arc ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุนู…ู„
1356
+
1357
+ 340
1358
+ 00:28:26,480 --> 00:28:33,460
1359
+ stretch reflex ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑู‡ ุจู†ุนู…ู„ ุงูŠู‡ tapping ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
1360
+
1361
+ 341
1362
+ 00:28:33,460 --> 00:28:37,660
1363
+ tendon of the muscle ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุฑุงุญ ุชุฑูˆุญ ู…ู† ุงู„
1364
+
1365
+ 342
1366
+ 00:28:37,660 --> 00:28:43,930
1367
+ receptor ุนู„ู‰ sensory fibers of the nerveุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ
1368
+
1369
+ 343
1370
+ 00:28:43,930 --> 00:28:47,090
1371
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ posterior root ganglion ู‡ุชุฏุฎู„ ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
1372
+
1373
+ 344
1374
+ 00:28:47,090 --> 00:28:50,150
1375
+ ู„ู„ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆู‡ูˆุฑุณู„ุฒ
1376
+
1377
+ 345
1378
+ 00:28:50,150 --> 00:28:55,310
1379
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆู‡ูˆุฑุณู„ุฒ ู„ุงุฒู… ุชู†ุชุฌ ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1380
+
1381
+ 346
1382
+ 00:28:55,310 --> 00:29:00,670
1383
+ ุงู„ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆู‡ูˆุฑุณู„ุฒูŠ ูˆุงู† ู‡ุฐุง sensory ู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ sensory
1384
+
1385
+ 347
1386
+ 00:29:00,670 --> 00:29:01,310
1387
+ pathway
1388
+
1389
+ 348
1390
+ 00:29:06,010 --> 00:29:10,290
1391
+ ู„ุงุฒู… ุชู†ุชุฌ ุฅู„ู‰ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ุชู†ุชุฌ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ุนู†
1392
+
1393
+ 349
1394
+ 00:29:10,290 --> 00:29:14,150
1395
+ ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุดูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ Inter neuron ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ level ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ
1396
+
1397
+ 350
1398
+ 00:29:14,150 --> 00:29:18,250
1399
+ ุงู„ segment ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุจูŠู† posterior horn cells and
1400
+
1401
+ 351
1402
+ 00:29:18,250 --> 00:29:22,510
1403
+ anterior horn cells ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุชุฑุฌุน ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ
1404
+
1405
+ 352
1406
+ 00:29:22,510 --> 00:29:26,130
1407
+ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ุนุจุฑ ุงู„
1408
+
1409
+ 353
1410
+ 00:29:26,130 --> 00:29:30,640
1411
+ anterior rootุนุจุฑ ุงู„ motor fibers of the nerve
1412
+
1413
+ 354
1414
+ 00:29:30,640 --> 00:29:35,180
1415
+ ู„ู„ู…ุณู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุญุฏุซ contraction ู„ู„ู…ุณู„ ูˆุจูŠู‚ุฏูŠ
1416
+
1417
+ 355
1418
+ 00:29:35,180 --> 00:29:42,800
1419
+ ุงู„ reflex ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ reflex arc ุงู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡
1420
+
1421
+ 356
1422
+ 00:29:42,800 --> 00:29:47,880
1423
+ ุงุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ deep reflex ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ knee jerk
1424
+
1425
+ 357
1426
+ 00:29:47,880 --> 00:29:53,580
1427
+ ุงู„ knee jerk ูˆุงุชูƒู„ู…ุช ุนู†ู‡ ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ุงู„ slide ุงู„ุจุนุฏู‡
1428
+
1429
+ 358
1430
+ 00:29:53,580 --> 00:29:58,350
1431
+ ุจูŠูƒุฑุฑ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ knee jerkู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
1432
+
1433
+ 359
1434
+ 00:29:58,350 --> 00:30:02,430
1435
+ stretch reflex induced by stimulation of receptor
1436
+
1437
+ 360
1438
+ 00:30:02,430 --> 00:30:07,950
1439
+ by tapping of the patella tendon of quadriceps
1440
+
1441
+ 361
1442
+ 00:30:07,950 --> 00:30:11,570
1443
+ muscle ู„ูˆ ุถุฑุจู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ patella tendon ุจุชุงุน ุงู„
1444
+
1445
+ 362
1446
+ 00:30:11,570 --> 00:30:15,630
1447
+ quadriceps muscle ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู‡ุชุฑูˆุญ ุจุงู„ sensory fibers
1448
+
1449
+ 363
1450
+ 00:30:15,630 --> 00:30:19,030
1451
+ of the femoral nerve ุชุฏุฎู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูˆู‡ูˆุช ุจุนุฏู‡ุง
1452
+
1453
+ 364
1454
+ 00:30:19,030 --> 00:30:23,460
1455
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูˆู‡ูˆุฑ cells ุฎู„ุต ุงู„ sensory inputุจุนุฏู‡ุง
1456
+
1457
+ 365
1458
+ 00:30:23,460 --> 00:30:27,960
1459
+ ุชุชุญูˆู„ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู„ motor output ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ูุงุตู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1460
+
1461
+ 366
1462
+ 00:30:27,960 --> 00:30:31,760
1463
+ ู‡ูˆ Inter neurons Inter neurons ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูˆุงุฌุจุชู‡ู…
1464
+
1465
+ 367
1466
+ 00:30:31,760 --> 00:30:38,250
1467
+ integrative center ุงูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… Center for reflexุจุนุฏ
1468
+
1469
+ 368
1470
+ 00:30:38,250 --> 00:30:43,470
1471
+ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุจุชุฑุฌุน ุจุงู„ู€ anterior root ู„ู€ motor
1472
+
1473
+ 369
1474
+ 00:30:43,470 --> 00:30:46,890
1475
+ fibers of the femoral nerve ุจูŠุนู…ู„ supplying ู„
1476
+
1477
+ 370
1478
+ 00:30:46,890 --> 00:30:49,550
1479
+ quadriceps muscle quadriceps muscle ุจุชุณู…ู‰
1480
+
1481
+ 371
1482
+ 00:30:49,550 --> 00:30:53,470
1483
+ contraction ูˆุงุญู†ุง ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุงู„ quadriceps contraction
1484
+
1485
+ 372
1486
+ 00:30:53,470 --> 00:30:59,810
1487
+ leads to extension of the knee joint ุจูŠุนู…ู„
1488
+
1489
+ 373
1490
+ 00:30:59,810 --> 00:31:05,530
1491
+ extension ู„ ุงู„ knee joint ุทูŠุจ visceral ุฃูˆ
1492
+
1493
+ 374
1494
+ 00:31:05,530 --> 00:31:10,550
1495
+ autonomic reflexesู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ู… mectoration reflex ุงู„
1496
+
1497
+ 375
1498
+ 00:31:10,550 --> 00:31:13,470
1499
+ reflex ุฑุฏ ุงู„ูุฆุฉ ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ุชุจูˆู„ ุงุญู†ุง ูƒู†ุง ุจู†ุตุญู‰ ุตุจุงุญุง
1500
+
1501
+ 376
1502
+ 00:31:13,470 --> 00:31:17,090
1503
+ ุจุฑูˆุญ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุฉ ุจู†ุนู…ู„ mectoration ู‡ุฐุง reflex ุงุชู†ูŠู†
1504
+
1505
+ 377
1506
+ 00:31:17,090 --> 00:31:23,530
1507
+ defecation reflex ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ุชุจุฑุฒ erection reflex
1508
+
1509
+ 378
1510
+ 00:31:27,180 --> 00:31:31,440
1511
+ that inhibit gastrointestinal motility in response
1512
+
1513
+ 379
1514
+ 00:31:31,440 --> 00:31:35,640
1515
+ to peritoneal irritation ู„ูˆ ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู†ุฏู‡ peritonitis
1516
+
1517
+ 380
1518
+ 00:31:35,640 --> 00:31:39,980
1519
+ inflammation of the peritoneum ููŠ reflex ุจูŠู‚ู„ู„
1520
+
1521
+ 381
1522
+ 00:31:39,980 --> 00:31:45,420
1523
+ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุนุงุก ุนุดุงู† ูŠู‚ู„ู„ ุงู„ุฃู„ู… ููŠ ุฌุฏุงุฑ ุงู„ุจุทู† ู‡ุฐุง
1524
+
1525
+ 382
1526
+ 00:31:45,420 --> 00:31:50,440
1527
+ reflex ุฑุฏุช ุดุบู„ Autonomic reflexes in the spinal
1528
+
1529
+ 383
1530
+ 00:31:50,440 --> 00:31:52,580
1531
+ cord ู…ูŠู† ู‡ู… ุงู„ Autonomic reflexes in the spinal
1532
+
1533
+ 384
1534
+ 00:31:52,580 --> 00:31:58,640
1535
+ cordุŸChange in vascular tone resulting from change
1536
+
1537
+ 385
1538
+ 00:31:58,640 --> 00:32:03,440
1539
+ in local skin head ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฑุฏุฌูˆ ุจุงุฑุฏ ุจุงู„ู„ุงุญุธ ..
1540
+
1541
+ 386
1542
+ 00:32:03,440 --> 00:32:06,960
1543
+ ุจุงู„ู„ุงุญุธ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ vasoconstrictionุŒ spasm ู„ู„ู€ artery
1544
+
1545
+ 387
1546
+ 00:32:06,960 --> 00:32:10,780
1547
+ ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ู„ูˆู†ู‡ ุดุงุญุจ ุฃุจูŠุถ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ spasm ุนุดุงู†
1548
+
1549
+ 388
1550
+ 00:32:10,780 --> 00:32:14,420
1551
+ ูŠุญุงูุธ ุนู„ู‰ ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุฌุณู…ู‡ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ู„ูˆ ุฏุฎู„ู†ุง
1552
+
1553
+ 389
1554
+ 00:32:14,420 --> 00:32:18,560
1555
+ ุงู„ุณุงูˆู†ุฉ ุฃูˆ ููŠ ูุตู„ ุงู„ุตูŠู ุฃูˆ ุบุตุต ุจูŠุญุฏุซ vasodilationุŒ
1556
+
1557
+ 390
1558
+ 00:32:18,560 --> 00:32:23,160
1559
+ ุจุชูˆุณุน ุงู„ุดุฑุงูŠูŠู† ุนุดุงู† ูŠุฎู„ู„ูˆุง ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ูˆูŠู‚ู„ ุงู„ ..
1560
+
1561
+ 391
1562
+ 00:32:23,160 --> 00:32:28,120
1563
+ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ temperature ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุฌุณู… sweating
1564
+
1565
+ 392
1566
+ 00:32:28,120 --> 00:32:33,680
1567
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุกุงู„ุนุฑู‚ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฑุฏ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ vazoconstriction
1568
+
1569
+ 393
1570
+ 00:32:33,680 --> 00:32:38,340
1571
+ ุจูŠู‚ู„ ุฅูุฑุงุฒ ุงู„ุนุฑู‚ ููŠ ุงู„ุตูŠู ููŠ ุณุงูˆู†ุง ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ
1572
+
1573
+ 394
1574
+ 00:32:38,340 --> 00:32:42,080
1575
+ ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ vazodilatation ุจูŠุฒูˆุฏ ุฅูุฑุงุฒ ุงู„ุนุฑู‚
1576
+
1577
+ 395
1578
+ 00:32:42,080 --> 00:32:46,920
1579
+ reflex for motor control of the intestinal ุงู„
1580
+
1581
+ 396
1582
+ 00:32:46,920 --> 00:32:50,960
1583
+ reflex ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุนุงุกPeritoneal Intestinal Reflex
1584
+
1585
+ 397
1586
+ 00:32:50,960 --> 00:32:53,780
1587
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู†ู‡ that inhibit gastrointestinal
1588
+
1589
+ 398
1590
+ 00:32:53,780 --> 00:32:57,240
1591
+ motility in response to peritoneal irritation ููŠ
1592
+
1593
+ 399
1594
+ 00:32:57,240 --> 00:32:59,800
1595
+ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู†ุฏู‡ peritonitis ุฑุงุญ ุชุญุฏุซ
1596
+
1597
+ 400
1598
+ 00:32:59,800 --> 00:33:03,640
1599
+ inhibition ู„ ุงู„ motility of the intestinal ูˆ ูŠู‚ู„
1600
+
1601
+ 401
1602
+ 00:33:03,640 --> 00:33:08,920
1603
+ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุนุงุก ุนุดุงู† ูŠู‚ู„ู„ ุฃู„ู… ุงู„ุฌุฏุงุฑ ุงู„ุจุทู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ
1604
+
1605
+ 402
1606
+ 00:33:08,920 --> 00:33:13,620
1607
+ ููŠู‡ peritonitisู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ evacuation reflex ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„
1608
+
1609
+ 403
1610
+ 00:33:13,620 --> 00:33:19,420
1611
+ evacuation reflex for emptying of urine bladder
1612
+
1613
+ 404
1614
+ 00:33:19,420 --> 00:33:23,720
1615
+ and rectum for defecation and urination ู„ุงู„ุชุจุฑุฒ
1616
+
1617
+ 405
1618
+ 00:33:23,720 --> 00:33:24,740
1619
+ ูˆุงู„ุชุจูˆู„
1620
+
1621
+ 406
1622
+ 00:33:27,060 --> 00:33:30,740
1623
+ ุจุงูƒุชููŠ ู‡ุงู† ู„ู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุณูˆุงุก ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ุนุดุฑ
1624
+
1625
+ 407
1626
+ 00:33:30,740 --> 00:33:35,720
1627
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฑุงุญ ู†ูƒู…ู„ ุงู„ motor unit ูˆ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
1628
+
1629
+ 408
1630
+ 00:33:35,720 --> 00:33:39,780
1631
+ ุงู„ muscle tissue ูˆ ุงู„ muscle fibers ูˆ muscle
1632
+
1633
+ 409
1634
+ 00:33:39,780 --> 00:33:41,940
1635
+ contraction of the skeletal muscle
1636
+
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/BItyP2s_jgE.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,1621 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:05,210 --> 00:00:10,470
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:10,470 --> 00:00:13,630
7
+ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ุนุดุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Anatomy and Physiology
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:13,630 --> 00:00:18,010
11
+ of the motor system part two ุฑุงุญ ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:18,010 --> 00:00:26,170
15
+ muscles skeletal muscle ุฑุงุญ ุฃุจุฏุฃ ุจ motor unit ุฅูŠุด
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:26,170 --> 00:00:32,630
19
+ ู‡ูˆ motor unit it is the functional unit of muscle
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:32,630 --> 00:00:36,170
23
+ contraction ูŠุจู‚ู‰ functional unit of muscle
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:36,170 --> 00:00:42,610
27
+ contraction ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ู†ูุณู‡ motor unit it consists of
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:42,610 --> 00:00:48,580
31
+ one alpha motor neuron and the muscle fibers
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:48,580 --> 00:00:54,740
35
+ innervated by its axons ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† muscle fibers
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:54,740 --> 00:01:00,660
39
+ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏู‡ุง ู…ู† ูˆู† Alpha ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ unit ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ motor unit
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:01:00,660 --> 00:01:05,020
43
+ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† muscle fibers ู…ุน alpha motor neuron ู…ุน
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:01:05,020 --> 00:01:11,080
47
+ ุจุนุถ ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ motor unit ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู† contraction
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:11,080 --> 00:01:19,510
51
+ of the muscle fibers muscle tissue ุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฑุญ
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:19,510 --> 00:01:26,710
55
+ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ muscle tissue muscle tissue is the only
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:26,710 --> 00:01:34,790
59
+ one which has the property of contractility ูŠุจู‚ู‰
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:34,790 --> 00:01:40,270
63
+ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู†ุณุฌุฉ ุจุงู„ุงู†ู‚ุจุงุถ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู†ุณุฌุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:40,270 --> 00:01:45,590
67
+ ู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ุงู†ู‚ุจุงุถ ู‡ูŠ muscle tissue ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุชุฌูŠู†ุง
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:45,590 --> 00:01:54,950
71
+ ุงู„ muscle tissueุŸ ู…ู† mesoderm .. mesoderm ููŠ ู‡ู†ุง
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:54,950 --> 00:02:02,350
75
+ ุซู„ุงุซ ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ู…ู† ุงู„ muscle fibers ูŠุฎุชู„ููˆุง ุนู† ุจุนุถ ู…ู†
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:02:02,350 --> 00:02:06,050
79
+ ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ morphology ูˆ ุงู„ functional
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:02:06,050 --> 00:02:13,760
83
+ characteristics ุฅูŠุด ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู†ูˆุงุนุŸ ุฃูˆู„ ู†ูˆุน ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:02:13,760 --> 00:02:19,440
87
+ striated muscle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุทุทุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:02:19,440 --> 00:02:25,340
91
+ ู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ skeletal muscles ูˆ cardiac muscle ููŠ
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:25,340 --> 00:02:30,940
95
+ smooth muscles ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู…ู„ุณุงุก ุทุจ ู…ูŠู† ููŠู‡ู…
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:30,940 --> 00:02:35,700
99
+ voluntary ูˆู…ูŠู† ููŠู‡ู… involuntary ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:35,700 --> 00:02:40,340
103
+ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠู‡ู… somatic nerves ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง voluntary ุบู…ุถ ุนูŠู†ูŠ
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:40,340 --> 00:02:45,400
107
+ ูุชุญ ุฑูุนุช ุฃูŠุฏูŠ ู†ุฒู„ุชู‡ุง ู‡ุฐุง voluntary ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:45,400 --> 00:02:50,380
111
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุบุฐูŠู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ autonomic nervous system ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:50,380 --> 00:02:54,220
115
+ involuntary ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… cardiac ูˆ smooth muscles
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:54,220 --> 00:02:57,400
119
+ ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง involuntary ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ุงุจู‚ุฏุฑ ุงุชุญูƒู… ุจุญุฑูƒุฉ
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:57,400 --> 00:03:03,450
123
+ ุงู„ุฃู…ุนุงุก ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู…ุนุฏุฉ ู…ุง ุจู‚ุฏุฑ ุงุชุญูƒู… ููŠ ู†ุจุถ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ุฃุฒูˆุฏู‡
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:03:03,450 --> 00:03:07,630
127
+ ุฃูˆ ุฃู‚ู„ู„ู‡ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุนุชุจุฑ involuntary muscles ูŠู‚ูˆู„
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:03:07,630 --> 00:03:10,910
131
+ ุงู„ involuntary muscles ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ุง ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:03:10,910 --> 00:03:14,350
135
+ cardiac ูˆ smooth ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ุง ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:14,350 --> 00:03:22,910
139
+ ู‡ูŠ skeletal muscles ููŠ ุฌุณู…ู†ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ููŠ 320 ุฒูˆุฌ ู…ู†
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:22,910 --> 00:03:27,990
143
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ูˆ 320 ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† 320
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:27,990 --> 00:03:34,470
147
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† 640 skeletal muscle ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ูˆ ุงู„
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:34,470 --> 00:03:39,130
151
+ skeletal muscle ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ 40 ู„ 50% ู…ู† ูˆุฒู†
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:39,130 --> 00:03:45,540
155
+ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ุฌุฏุง ุงู„ muscle ุชุดุฑุจ what's the
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:45,540 --> 00:03:52,800
159
+ functions of skeletal muscles ุฅูŠุด ูˆุธูŠูุฉ skeletal
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:52,800 --> 00:03:58,600
163
+ muscles ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠุก produce movement of the skeletal
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:58,600 --> 00:04:01,960
167
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ skeleton ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู†
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:04:01,960 --> 00:04:09,440
171
+ ู…ุง ุจู…ุดูŠ ูˆู„ุง ุจูŠุชุญุฑูƒ ุจุฏูˆู† ุนุถู„ุงุช maintain posture and
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:04:09,440 --> 00:04:17,080
175
+ body position ุฃู†ุง ุงู„ุขู† ูˆุงู‚ู ุฃูˆ ุฌู„ุณุช ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ู‡ุง
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:04:17,080 --> 00:04:20,520
179
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุจุดุฑุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ position ุจุงู„ muscle ุจ skeletal
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:04:20,520 --> 00:04:25,860
183
+ muscles support ุงู„ soft tissue ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ soft
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:25,860 --> 00:04:30,720
187
+ tissue ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:30,720 --> 00:04:35,480
191
+ ุงู„ digestive system urinary other tract ุงู„ heart
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:35,480 --> 00:04:41,280
195
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู† ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุจูŠุญู…ูˆุง ุงู„ุฃุนุถุงุก ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠุฉ and
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:41,280 --> 00:04:47,300
199
+ maintain body temperature ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุนู„ู‚ ุจ regulation of
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:47,300 --> 00:04:51,700
203
+ the body temperature by the contraction of the
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:51,700 --> 00:05:00,360
207
+ muscle what's the properties of skeletal muscle
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:05:00,360 --> 00:05:05,770
211
+ tissue ุฃูˆ ุณุคุงู„ ุซุงู†ูŠ what's the characteristics of
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:05:05,770 --> 00:05:09,710
215
+ skeletal muscle tissueุŸ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุตูุงุช ุชุจุน ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:05:09,710 --> 00:05:13,010
219
+ muscle tissue ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ skeletal muscleุŸ ูˆุงุญุฏ
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:05:13,010 --> 00:05:21,330
223
+ excitability ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ability to response
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:05:21,330 --> 00:05:28,290
227
+ to stimulus ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุชุณุชุฌูŠุจ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ stimulus ุซุงู†ูŠ
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:05:28,290 --> 00:05:30,390
231
+ contractility
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:31,540 --> 00:05:36,080
235
+ ุงู„ุงู†ู‚ุจุงุถ it is the ability of produce muscle
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:36,080 --> 00:05:44,280
239
+ contraction ุซู„ุงุซุฉ extensibility ability of muscle
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:44,280 --> 00:05:49,940
243
+ to be stretched ุงู„ stretching of the muscle ุฃุฑุจุน
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:49,940 --> 00:05:55,800
247
+ elasticity ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ elasticity it is the ability of
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:55,800 --> 00:06:03,950
251
+ muscle to return to its original length ู…ุชู‰ when
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:06:03,950 --> 00:06:10,270
255
+ tension and contraction is released ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุญุงู„
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:06:10,270 --> 00:06:16,490
259
+ ุงู„ุงู†ู‚ุจุงุถ ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุงู„ contraction ุจุญุฏุซ ู‚ุตูˆุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:06:16,490 --> 00:06:23,090
263
+ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ rest ู„ุงุฒู… ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุชุฑุฌุน ู„ุฅูŠู‡ ู„ุทูˆู„ู‡ุง
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:06:23,090 --> 00:06:27,150
267
+ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ rest ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ู†ูˆู… ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ rest ููŠ
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:06:27,150 --> 00:06:33,920
271
+ ุงู„ู‡ุฏูˆุก ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุง ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง elasticity of the muscle ุฃุฎุฑ
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:33,920 --> 00:06:39,260
275
+ ุดูŠุก ุงู„ adaptation adaptability ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:39,260 --> 00:06:44,420
279
+ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู„ู‡ุง adaptation ู„ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุงุช ูˆุจุนุถ ุงู„ ุงูŠู‡
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:44,420 --> 00:06:50,140
283
+ ุงู„ู…ุฌู‡ูˆุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ุทูŠุจ ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ connective
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:50,140 --> 00:06:57,120
287
+ tissue ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† skeletal muscle ููŠู‡ ู‡ู†ุง
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:07:01,750 --> 00:07:07,770
291
+ Epimysium ูˆ Endomysium ู‡ุฐู‡
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:07:07,770 --> 00:07:13,430
295
+ ุงู„ Epimysium ุชุนุชุจุฑ external stretch ุฃูˆ external
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:07:13,430 --> 00:07:20,150
299
+ sheath ุชุนุชุจุฑ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุชุนุชุจุฑ external sheath of dense
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:07:20,150 --> 00:07:27,330
303
+ irregular surround the inter muscle ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:07:27,330 --> 00:07:35,400
307
+ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆ contains large nerve, arteries and
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:07:35,400 --> 00:07:42,840
311
+ lymphatic vessels ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ perimysium had surrounded
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:07:42,840 --> 00:07:48,420
315
+ each bundle of muscle fibers ูุณูƒุฑ ุฑุญ ู†ุดุฑุญูƒู…
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:07:48,420 --> 00:07:54,500
319
+ ู…ุนุงู‡ุง ุดูˆูŠุฉ it is penetrated by nerve, arteries and
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:54,500 --> 00:07:59,650
323
+ lymphatic vessels ุทุจ endomysium ุชุนุชุจุฑ reticular
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:59,650 --> 00:08:05,870
327
+ fibers surround the external lamina covers the
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:08:05,870 --> 00:08:22,530
331
+ muscle as whole ูŠุจู‚ู‰
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:08:22,530 --> 00:08:25,090
335
+ ู†ู‡ุงุฆูŠุฉ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:08:28,560 --> 00:08:37,480
339
+ ุฅูŠุจูŠู…ูŠุฒูŠูˆู…ุŒ ุจูŠุฑูŠู…ูŠ ูˆ ุฃู†ุฏูˆู…ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ connective
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:08:37,480 --> 00:08:43,020
343
+ tissue around the skeletal muscles ููŠ three layers
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:08:43,020 --> 00:08:50,180
347
+ ููŠ ุฅูŠุจูŠู…ูŠุฒูŠูˆู… ูˆ ููŠ ุจูŠุฑูŠู…ูŠุฒูŠูˆู… ูˆ ููŠ ุฃู†ุฏูˆู…ูŠุฒูŠูˆู… ุงู„ ุฅูŠุจูŠ
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:08:50,180 --> 00:08:55,680
351
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠ it is external sheetof dense regular
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:08:55,680 --> 00:09:02,460
355
+ surround and cover the muscle as a whole ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:09:02,460 --> 00:09:08,480
359
+ ุงู„ุบู„ุงู ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุงู„
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:09:08,480 --> 00:09:14,700
363
+ ุจูŠุฑูŠู…ูŠ ู…ู…ูŠุฒุฉ surround each of muscle fascicle ู‡ุฐุง
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:09:14,700 --> 00:09:20,030
367
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุฅูŠุจูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ุงู†ุฏูˆ ุจูŠุบุทูŠู†ุง ูˆ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู†ุง
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:09:20,030 --> 00:09:27,090
371
+ ุบู„ุงู ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ูุงุณูŠูƒู„ of muscle ูˆ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ bending
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:09:27,090 --> 00:09:33,270
375
+ ู„ู„ูุงุณูŠูƒู„ together ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ nerves,
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:09:33,850 --> 00:09:39,130
379
+ arteries and lymphatic vessels ุฃุฎุฑ ุฌุฒุฆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:09:39,130 --> 00:09:44,370
383
+ endomysia ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูˆูŠู† ุชุนุชุจุฑ delicate soft tissue
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:09:44,370 --> 00:09:50,450
387
+ ุฃูˆ soft membrane cover the specialized skeletal
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:09:50,450 --> 00:09:54,630
391
+ muscle fibers ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู†ุฏูˆ ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠ ูˆ ุจูŠุบู„ู
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:09:54,630 --> 00:09:58,770
395
+ ุงู„ muscle fibers ูˆ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ููŠู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ nerve
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:09:58,770 --> 00:10:03,430
399
+ fibers ูˆ arteries ูˆ lymphatic vessels ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:10:03,430 --> 00:10:09,540
403
+ ุดุงูŠููŠู† ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ epimysium ูˆ ุจูŠุตู„ุญ ุญุฏ ุงู„ุชู†ุฏูŠู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:10:09,540 --> 00:10:13,520
407
+ ุบู„ุงู ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ููŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ perimysium ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:10:13,520 --> 00:10:19,020
411
+ ุบู„ุงู ู„ูุณูŠูƒู„ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูุณูŠูƒู„ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆ ููŠ ู‡ู†ุง
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:10:19,020 --> 00:10:25,800
415
+ endomysium ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุบู„ุงู ู„ู…ู†ุŸ ู„ muscle fibers ูŠุจู‚ู‰
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:10:25,800 --> 00:10:31,700
419
+ ุฃู† ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ peri ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠ endo ูˆ
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:10:31,700 --> 00:10:36,660
423
+ epimysium ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุบู„ุงู ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠ
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:10:44,000 --> 00:10:50,460
427
+ ุงู„ุขู† ุจุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ definition of skeletal muscle
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:10:50,460 --> 00:10:56,420
431
+ skeletal muscle is composed of numerous muscle
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:10:56,420 --> 00:11:02,080
435
+ fibers ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ skeletal muscle ููŠู‡ุง fascicles ูˆ ุงู„
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:11:02,080 --> 00:11:07,980
439
+ fascicles ููŠู‡ุง muscle fibers each muscle fibers
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:11:07,980 --> 00:11:15,710
443
+ usually innervated by only one nerve endings ู‡ุฐุง
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:11:15,710 --> 00:11:21,990
447
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ุงู„ motor unit the muscle fibers is surround
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:11:21,990 --> 00:11:30,570
451
+ by a thin membrane ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ุง sarcolema sarcolemma
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:11:30,570 --> 00:11:37,010
455
+ each muscle fiber contains several hundred to
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:11:37,010 --> 00:11:42,390
459
+ several thousand myofibril ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ muscle fibers
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:11:42,390 --> 00:11:49,550
463
+ ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ุง ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ุฆุงุช ูˆ ุขู„ุงู ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ myofibril ูŠุนู†ูŠ
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:11:49,550 --> 00:11:54,290
467
+ fiber muscle fiber fibril ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุตุบุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ muscle
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:11:54,290 --> 00:12:02,500
471
+ fibers each myofibril is composed of about one
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:12:02,500 --> 00:12:06,080
475
+ thousand five hundred myosin filament ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ููŠู‡ุง
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:12:06,080 --> 00:12:09,660
479
+ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ุฃู„ู ูˆ ุฎู…ุณู…ุงุฆุฉ myosin filament ูˆ ููŠู‡ุง ุซู„ุงุซุฉ
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:12:09,660 --> 00:12:16,020
483
+ ุขู„ุงู actin filament ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ myosin ูˆ ุงู„ actin ูˆ ู‡ู…
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:12:16,020 --> 00:12:19,840
487
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ muscle contraction ูˆ ู‡ู… ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ muscle
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:12:19,840 --> 00:12:24,380
491
+ contraction cytoplasm ููŠ ุงู„ muscle ุงุณู…ู‡ุง
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:12:24,380 --> 00:12:30,690
495
+ sarcoplasma smooth endoplasmic reticulum ุงุณู…ู‡ุง
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:12:30,690 --> 00:12:34,390
499
+ sarcoplasmic reticulum cell membrane ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:12:34,390 --> 00:12:39,070
503
+ external lamina ููŠ ุงู„ muscle ุงุณู…ู‡ุง sarcolema ูŠุฌุจ
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:12:39,070 --> 00:12:44,310
507
+ ุฃู† ู†ู„ุงุญุธ ุฃู† ุงู„ muscle ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง several muscle
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:12:44,310 --> 00:12:48,010
511
+ bundle ุฃูˆ fascicles ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู† ุงู„ muscle ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:12:48,010 --> 00:12:52,550
515
+ muscle fascicles ุทุจ ุงู„ muscle fascicles ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:12:52,550 --> 00:12:58,350
519
+ several muscle fibers ุทุจ ุงู„ muscle fiber ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:12:58,350 --> 00:13:07,910
523
+ ู…ุฆุงุช ู„ุขู„ุงู myofibrils ุทุจ ุงู„ myofibrils ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง ุฃู„ู
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:13:07,910 --> 00:13:14,490
527
+ ูˆ ุฎู…ุณู…ุงุฆุฉ ู…ูŠูˆุณูŠู† ูˆ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุขู„ุงู actin filament ุงู„ู„ูŠ
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:13:14,490 --> 00:13:19,670
531
+ ู„ุงุฒู…ูŠู† ู„ muscle contraction ูˆุงุถุญุŸ ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุงู„ muscle
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:13:19,670 --> 00:13:23,700
535
+ ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง muscle fascicle ุงู„ muscle fascicle ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:13:23,700 --> 00:13:26,220
539
+ muscle fibers ุงู„ muscle fibers ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงู„
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:13:26,220 --> 00:13:29,320
543
+ myofibril ุงู„ myofibril ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงู„ myosin ูˆ ุงู„
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:13:29,320 --> 00:13:33,160
547
+ actins ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ู…ู‡ู…ูŠู† ู„ ุงู„ muscle contractivity
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:13:33,160 --> 00:13:40,140
551
+ ู‡ุงู†ูŠ muscle ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ muscle ููŠู‡ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:13:40,140 --> 00:13:46,100
555
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… fascicles ุงู„ fascicles ุจูŠุนุทูˆู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:13:46,100 --> 00:13:52,350
559
+ muscle fibers ุงู„ muscle fibers ุจูŠุนุทูˆู†ุง myofibril ุงู„
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:13:52,350 --> 00:13:57,370
563
+ myofibril ููŠู‡ุง actin ูˆ myosin ููŠู‡ุง myosin ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู…
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:13:57,370 --> 00:14:02,630
567
+ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง 1500 ูˆ actin 3000 ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ muscle
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:14:02,630 --> 00:14:07,270
571
+ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง muscle bundle ุฃูˆ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง muscle fascicle ุฃูˆ
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:14:07,270 --> 00:14:10,470
575
+ muscle fascicle ุงู„ muscle fascicle ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง muscle
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:14:10,470 --> 00:14:15,570
579
+ fibers ุงู„ muscle fibers ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง myofibril ู…ุฆุงุช
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:14:15,570 --> 00:14:19,910
583
+ ู„ุขู„ุงู ุงู„ myofibrils ุงู„ myofibrils ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง actins
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:14:19,910 --> 00:14:27,030
587
+ and myosin ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… 1500 ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ myosin ูˆ 3000 actins
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:14:27,030 --> 00:14:33,570
591
+ ุงู„ู…ู‡ู…ูŠู† ู„ muscle contraction muscle ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง muscle
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:14:33,570 --> 00:14:36,410
595
+ fascicles muscle fascicles ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง muscle fibers
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:14:36,410 --> 00:14:38,770
599
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ cells ุงู„ muscle fibers ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:14:38,770 --> 00:14:42,510
603
+ myofibrils ุงู„ myofibrils ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง thick ูˆ thin
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:14:42,510 --> 00:14:48,870
607
+ filaments ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… myosin and actin ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ muscle
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:14:48,870 --> 00:14:58,140
611
+ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู‡ุง epimysium ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุงู„ูุงุณูŠูƒู„ุฒ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู…
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:14:58,140 --> 00:15:03,200
615
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง perimysium ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู†ู‡ู… ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ perimysium ู‡ุฐู‡
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:15:03,200 --> 00:15:09,920
619
+ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงู„ูุงุณูŠูƒู„ุฒ ุงู„ูุงุณูŠูƒู„ุฒ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:15:09,920 --> 00:15:14,360
623
+ muscle fibers ุงู„ muscle fibers ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู‡ู… ุบู„ุงู ุงุณู…ู‡
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:15:14,360 --> 00:15:19,820
627
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ endomysium endomysium ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ endomysium
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:15:19,820 --> 00:15:23,080
631
+ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงู„ muscle fibers
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:15:28,310 --> 00:15:34,770
635
+ sarcoplasm is the
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:15:34,770 --> 00:15:41,450
639
+ intracellular fluid located between myofibrils
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:15:41,450 --> 00:15:44,870
643
+ ูˆ ุฅูŠุด
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:15:44,870 --> 00:15:50,800
647
+ ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ contains electrolytes ุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู…ุŒ ู…ุบู†ูŠุณูŠูˆู…ุŒ
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:15:50,800 --> 00:15:57,900
651
+ ูƒุจุฑูŠุชุงุชุŒ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ูˆ ู…ุนุงู†ุงุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุชูˆ
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:15:57,900 --> 00:16:03,700
655
+ ูƒูˆู†ุฏุฑูŠุง ู…ุนุงู†ุงุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุชูˆูƒูˆู†ุฏุฑูŠุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุนุงู†ุงุฉ
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:16:03,700 --> 00:16:14,340
659
+ ุชุฏูุน ู…ูŠูˆููŠุจุฑูŠู„ุงุช ู…ุน ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงู†ูŠุฑุด ุญุณู†ุง ุณุงุฑูƒูˆ
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:16:14,340 --> 00:16:19,170
663
+ ุจู„ุงุฒู…ุงุชูŠูƒ ุฑูŠุชูŠูƒูˆู„ูˆู… ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ regulation of
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:16:19,170 --> 00:16:23,630
667
+ calcium storage ู„ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ calcium storage release
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:16:23,630 --> 00:16:29,770
671
+ and reuptake ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู‡ู… ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู€ muscle contraction ู„ู€ ุงู„
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:16:29,770 --> 00:16:34,350
675
+ contractivity function of the muscle ุฃู†ุง ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:16:34,350 --> 00:16:40,890
679
+ ุงู„ organization of the muscle fibers ุงุชูุงู‚ู†ุง ุฃู† ุงู„
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:16:40,890 --> 00:16:47,210
683
+ muscle fibers ููŠู‡ ู…ุฆุงุช ุฅู„ู‰ ุขู„ุงู myofibril ูˆ ุงู„
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:16:47,210 --> 00:16:52,430
687
+ myofibril ูŠุนุชุจุฑ long cylindrical filament bundle
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:16:52,430 --> 00:16:58,390
691
+ ุฏุงุฎู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ myofibril ููŠู‡ myosin ุฃู„ู ูˆ ุฎู…ุณู…ูŠุฉ ูˆ ููŠ
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:16:58,390 --> 00:17:05,430
695
+ ุงู„ actin ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุขู„ุงู ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:17:05,430 --> 00:17:11,750
699
+ ููŠู‡ู… a band ูˆ I band ุงู„ A-band ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ dark bands
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:17:11,750 --> 00:17:20,290
703
+ on myofibril ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ myosin filament ูˆ actin ุจู†ุชู‡ูŠ
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:17:20,290 --> 00:17:28,790
707
+ ุจุงู„ุฃูƒุชูŠู† ุงู„ I-band it is light bands ูุงุชุญ ู„ูˆู†ู‡ ูู‚ุท
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:17:28,790 --> 00:17:33,350
711
+ contains actin ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ A-band ูˆ I
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:17:33,350 --> 00:17:39,570
715
+ -band ุงู„ A-band dark ุบุงู…ู‚ ูˆ ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ myosin mainly ูˆููŠ
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:17:39,570 --> 00:17:45,610
719
+ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ููŠู‡ actin filaments ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ I band light
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:17:45,610 --> 00:17:50,250
723
+ ูุงุชุญ ู„ูˆู†ู‡ ูˆ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุจูŠุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ actins only without
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:17:50,250 --> 00:17:59,010
727
+ myosin light and dark bands give skeletal and
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:17:59,010 --> 00:18:03,790
731
+ cardiac muscle their striated appearance ู„ุฐู„ูƒ
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:18:03,790 --> 00:18:08,800
735
+ ุณู…ูŠู†ุง ุงู„ Cardiac ูˆ ุงู„ Skeletal muscle ุงู„
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:18:08,800 --> 00:18:14,000
739
+ striated muscle ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุทุทุฉ ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฎุทุทู‡ู… ุงู„
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:18:14,000 --> 00:18:19,480
743
+ light ูˆ ุงู„ dark bands of myofibrils ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:18:19,480 --> 00:18:26,940
747
+ ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… A-band ูˆ I-band ููŠ Z-disc ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
748
+
749
+ 18
750
+
751
+ 201
752
+ 00:19:39,950 --> 00:19:44,390
753
+ ..sarcomere ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง functional
754
+
755
+ 202
756
+ 00:19:44,390 --> 00:19:48,290
757
+ ..sarcomere functional sub unit of contracted
758
+
759
+ 203
760
+ 00:19:48,290 --> 00:19:54,550
761
+ apparatus okay when the muscle fibers are
762
+
763
+ 204
764
+ 00:19:54,550 --> 00:19:59,970
765
+ contracted ู„ู…ุง ูŠุญุฏุซ ุงู†ู‚ุจุงุถ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ fibers
766
+
767
+ 205
768
+ 00:19:59,970 --> 00:20:05,120
769
+ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ the length of the sarcomere is shortened
770
+
771
+ 206
772
+ 00:20:05,120 --> 00:20:10,560
773
+ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู‚ุตูˆุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ sarcomere ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ z ุงู„ู…ุณุงูุฉ ุจูŠู†
774
+
775
+ 207
776
+ 00:20:10,560 --> 00:20:16,020
777
+ ุงู„ z to z ุจุชุฎุณุฑ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุงู†ู‚ุจุงุถ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ and actin
778
+
779
+ 208
780
+ 00:20:16,020 --> 00:20:21,220
781
+ filaments overlap the myosin filament ูˆ ุงู„ actin
782
+
783
+ 209
784
+ 00:20:21,220 --> 00:20:27,700
785
+ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง overlap ู„ู…ู† ู„ุงู„ myosin ููŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุงู„
786
+
787
+ 210
788
+ 00:20:27,700 --> 00:20:31,910
789
+ titin protein ู‡ุฐุง ุชูŠุชู† ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ูŠุญุงูุธ ุนู„ู‰ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
790
+
791
+ 211
792
+ 00:20:31,910 --> 00:20:36,770
793
+ ุงู„ู…ูŠูˆุณูŠู† ูˆุงู„ุงูƒุชู† ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ูŠุญุงูุธ ุนู„ู‰
794
+
795
+ 212
796
+ 00:20:36,770 --> 00:20:44,470
797
+ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู…ูŠูˆุณูŠู† ูˆุงู„ุงูƒุชู† ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† one
798
+
799
+ 213
800
+ 00:20:44,470 --> 00:20:49,950
801
+ end of the titin molecule is elastic and is
802
+
803
+ 214
804
+ 00:20:49,950 --> 00:20:55,280
805
+ attached to the z disk ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ .. ุงู„
806
+
807
+ 215
808
+ 00:20:55,280 --> 00:20:58,800
809
+ .. ุงู„ titin protein ุชู…ุงู… ู‡ุฐุง ููŠู‡ z disk
810
+
811
+ 216
812
+ 00:20:58,800 --> 00:21:04,380
813
+ attached ู„ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ z acting as sensing and changing
814
+
815
+ 217
816
+ 00:21:04,380 --> 00:21:08,960
817
+ length as sarcomere contract and relax ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุฏู…ุงู„
818
+
819
+ 218
820
+ 00:21:08,960 --> 00:21:16,360
821
+ ุฅูŠุด ู‚ุตูˆุฑ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ุฅู†ู‚ุจุงุถ ุฃูˆ ุทูˆู„ู‡ุง ุจุชุฑุฌุน
822
+
823
+ 219
824
+ 00:21:16,360 --> 00:21:20,920
825
+ ู„ุทูˆู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ูˆ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ rest ูˆ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„
826
+
827
+ 220
828
+ 00:21:20,920 --> 00:21:27,750
829
+ relaxation ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„
830
+
831
+ 221
832
+ 00:21:27,750 --> 00:21:33,190
833
+ thick filament ุงู„ thick filament ู‡ุฐุง ู…ูŠุณูŠู† ูˆ ุงู„
834
+
835
+ 222
836
+ 00:21:33,190 --> 00:21:39,410
837
+ thin filament ู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Actin ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู†ู‚ุจุงุถ
838
+
839
+ 223
840
+ 00:21:39,410 --> 00:21:45,910
841
+ ุงู„ Actin ุจูŠุนู…ู„ overlap ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูŠุณูŠู† ุจูŠุฏุฎู„ ุนู„ู‰
842
+
843
+ 224
844
+ 00:21:45,910 --> 00:21:51,670
845
+ ุงู„ู…ูŠุณูŠู† ูˆ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู‚ุตูˆุฑ ู„ shortening ู„ ุงู„ muscle
846
+
847
+ 225
848
+ 00:21:51,670 --> 00:21:55,630
849
+ fibers ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุงู„ู‰ ุงู†ู‚ุจุงุถ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆ ู‡ูŠ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ
850
+
851
+ 226
852
+ 00:21:55,630 --> 00:21:56,670
853
+ muscle contraction
854
+
855
+ 227
856
+ 00:21:59,910 --> 00:22:09,630
857
+ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู†
858
+
859
+ 228
860
+ 00:22:09,630 --> 00:22:16,050
861
+ ุชูŠุชู† ุงู„ู…ู„ูŠูƒู„ ู…ุฑุชุจุท
862
+
863
+ 229
864
+ 00:22:16,050 --> 00:22:22,510
865
+ ู…ุน ู…ูŠูˆุณูŠู† ูˆู‡ุฐุง ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนุณุงุณูŠุง ู…ู„ุชุจุงุช ู„ู„ู…ูŠูˆุณูŠู†
866
+
867
+ 230
868
+ 00:22:22,510 --> 00:22:29,110
869
+ ูˆุงู„ุฃูƒุชู† ู†ูุณู‡ุง ุชู…ู„ุงุก overlap ู„ู…ูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูŠูˆุณูŠู†
870
+
871
+ 231
872
+ 00:22:29,110 --> 00:22:31,890
873
+ ูˆูŠุญุฏุซ shortening of the muscle and muscle
874
+
875
+ 232
876
+ 00:22:31,890 --> 00:22:39,150
877
+ contraction molecular characteristics of filaments
878
+
879
+ 233
880
+ 00:22:39,150 --> 00:22:44,030
881
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ myosin and actin ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ู‡ุง ุงู„
882
+
883
+ 234
884
+ 00:22:44,030 --> 00:22:52,010
885
+ myofibril ู…ูŠุณูŠู† ู…ู„ูŠูƒู„ ู‡ูˆ thick filament ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
886
+
887
+ 235
888
+ 00:22:52,010 --> 00:22:58,530
889
+ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ thick filament ุงู„ .. it is composed of six
890
+
891
+ 236
892
+ 00:22:58,530 --> 00:23:05,990
893
+ polypeptide polypeptide chains ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงุชู†ูŠู† heavy
894
+
895
+ 237
896
+ 00:23:05,990 --> 00:23:12,420
897
+ chains ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ headูˆ ุงู„ tail ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ head
898
+
899
+ 238
900
+ 00:23:12,420 --> 00:23:16,960
901
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู†ุง ุงู„ head ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ tail ู‡ุฏูˆู„ two heavy ูˆุงุญุฏ
902
+
903
+ 239
904
+ 00:23:16,960 --> 00:23:21,580
905
+ ุฃุฒุฑู‚ ูˆ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฃุญู…ุฑ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู† ุงู„ tail ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ tail
906
+
907
+ 240
908
+ 00:23:21,580 --> 00:23:26,300
909
+ ุงูˆ ุงู„ tail ูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู† ุงู„ head ุจุชุงุนู‡ู… ู‡ุฏูˆู„ two heavy
910
+
911
+ 241
912
+ 00:23:26,990 --> 00:23:35,130
913
+ and four light chains ูˆ 4 light ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ู„ู„
914
+
915
+ 242
916
+ 00:23:35,130 --> 00:23:40,650
917
+ head of the molecule or filament ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ
918
+
919
+ 243
920
+ 00:23:40,650 --> 00:23:47,050
921
+ ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุชู…ุงู… ูˆ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุณูู„ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„
922
+
923
+ 244
924
+ 00:23:47,050 --> 00:23:52,640
925
+ myosin head functions ูˆุงุถูŠูุชู‡ ุงู„ myosin head ู†ูุณ
926
+
927
+ 245
928
+ 00:23:52,640 --> 00:23:58,340
929
+ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ ATPase enzyme ู†ูุณ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ ATP ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ
930
+
931
+ 246
932
+ 00:23:58,340 --> 00:24:04,240
933
+ ุจุฅูุฑุงุฒ ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ ุทูŠุจ ุงู†ุง ุงุชูƒู„ู…ุช ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
934
+
935
+ 247
936
+ 00:24:04,240 --> 00:24:08,660
937
+ myosin molecule ุงู„ุขู† ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ actin filament
938
+
939
+ 248
940
+ 00:24:08,660 --> 00:24:13,020
941
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ู‚ู„ู†ุงู„ูƒู… ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ thick filament ู‡ูˆ ุงู„
942
+
943
+ 249
944
+ 00:24:13,020 --> 00:24:19,590
945
+ myosin ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ thin moleculeุŸ ู‡ูˆ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ acting
946
+
947
+ 250
948
+ 00:24:19,590 --> 00:24:25,610
949
+ ุงู„ acting ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† composed of actin,
950
+
951
+ 251
952
+ 00:24:26,650 --> 00:24:31,790
953
+ tropomyosin and troponin involved in muscle
954
+
955
+ 252
956
+ 00:24:31,790 --> 00:24:36,710
957
+ contraction and other important cellular processes
958
+
959
+ 253
960
+ 00:24:36,710 --> 00:24:40,950
961
+ ู‡ุฐุง ูƒู„ู‡ ูŠุชุจุฑ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ actin filaments ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ thin
962
+
963
+ 254
964
+ 00:24:40,950 --> 00:24:48,350
965
+ filaments ุฏุงุฎู„ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุน ุงู„ุชุฑุงุจูˆ ู…ูŠุงุณูŠู†
966
+
967
+ 255
968
+ 00:24:48,350 --> 00:24:56,350
969
+ ุชุฑุงุจูˆ ู…ูŠุงุณูŠู† ุฃู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุดูˆุญุชู„ูƒู… ุชุฑูƒูŠุจุฉ ุงู„ muscle ูˆ
970
+
971
+ 256
972
+ 00:24:56,350 --> 00:25:01,550
973
+ ุชุฑูƒูŠุจุฉ ุงู„ muscle fibers ูˆ ุงู„ myofibrils ุงู„ุขู†
974
+
975
+ 257
976
+ 00:25:01,550 --> 00:25:07,010
977
+ ุจู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ receptors ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ muscle ููŠ
978
+
979
+ 258
980
+ 00:25:07,010 --> 00:25:12,490
981
+ ุฃู†ุง muscle spindles are found in all striated
982
+
983
+ 259
984
+ 00:25:12,490 --> 00:25:19,590
985
+ muscle function ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ู… monitoring muscle length or
986
+
987
+ 260
988
+ 00:25:19,590 --> 00:25:25,970
989
+ stretch ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠ ููŠู‡ ุฅู† ู‡ุง muscle spindles ูˆููŠู‡
990
+
991
+ 261
992
+ 00:25:25,970 --> 00:25:33,650
993
+ Golgi tendon organs ู‡ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุนุถู„ุงุช ุนุถู„ุฉ
994
+
995
+ 262
996
+ 00:25:33,650 --> 00:25:38,410
997
+ ู‚ุฑูŠุจุฉ ู…ู† ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ
998
+
999
+ 263
1000
+ 00:25:38,410 --> 00:25:41,970
1001
+ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ
1002
+
1003
+ 264
1004
+ 00:25:41,970 --> 00:25:43,010
1005
+ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ
1006
+
1007
+ 265
1008
+ 00:25:43,010 --> 00:25:43,890
1009
+ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ
1010
+
1011
+ 266
1012
+ 00:25:43,890 --> 00:25:44,530
1013
+ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ
1014
+
1015
+ 267
1016
+ 00:25:44,530 --> 00:25:44,770
1017
+ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ
1018
+
1019
+ 268
1020
+ 00:25:44,770 --> 00:25:49,680
1021
+ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุฃูˆู„ ู†ูˆุน ุงุณู…ู‡ muscle spindles ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1022
+
1023
+ 269
1024
+ 00:25:49,680 --> 00:25:53,980
1025
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ muscle length ุจุงู„ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆุงู„ู†ูˆุน
1026
+
1027
+ 270
1028
+ 00:25:53,980 --> 00:25:58,040
1029
+ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ Golgi tendon organs ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู‚ุฑูŠุจ ู„ู„
1030
+
1031
+ 271
1032
+ 00:25:58,040 --> 00:26:01,620
1033
+ tendon of the muscle ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ monitoring of muscle
1034
+
1035
+ 272
1036
+ 00:26:01,620 --> 00:26:02,460
1037
+ contraction
1038
+
1039
+ 273
1040
+ 00:26:05,210 --> 00:26:08,050
1041
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ ู†ูุณู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต ู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ receptor ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1042
+
1043
+ 274
1044
+ 00:26:08,050 --> 00:26:10,910
1045
+ ู‡ูˆ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ู… muscle spindles ุทุจ ูˆ ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ
1046
+
1047
+ 275
1048
+ 00:26:10,910 --> 00:26:14,730
1049
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ tendons ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ุง Golgi tendon
1050
+
1051
+ 276
1052
+ 00:26:14,730 --> 00:26:18,910
1053
+ organs ุงู„ Golgi tendon organs ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„
1054
+
1055
+ 277
1056
+ 00:26:18,910 --> 00:26:23,410
1057
+ muscle contraction ุฃู…ุง muscle spindles ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ
1058
+
1059
+ 278
1060
+ 00:26:23,410 --> 00:26:28,230
1061
+ ุจุงู„ length and stretch of the muscle ู‡ู†ุง ุฌุงุจู„ู†ุง
1062
+
1063
+ 279
1064
+ 00:26:28,230 --> 00:26:33,550
1065
+ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ biceps muscle ู†ุชุทุฑู‚ ู„ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ
1066
+
1067
+ 280
1068
+ 00:26:34,800 --> 00:26:39,820
1069
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ mechanism of skeletal muscle contraction
1070
+
1071
+ 281
1072
+ 00:26:39,820 --> 00:26:45,380
1073
+ ูƒูŠู ุจูŠุญุฏุซ muscle contractionุŸ ููŠ action potential
1074
+
1075
+ 282
1076
+ 00:26:45,380 --> 00:26:51,480
1077
+ ุงู„ action potential travels along a motor nerve
1078
+
1079
+ 283
1080
+ 00:26:51,480 --> 00:26:56,360
1081
+ ุจุชูŠุฌูŠ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ nerve impulse ู…ุน ุงู„ motor nerve
1082
+
1083
+ 284
1084
+ 00:26:56,360 --> 00:27:02,680
1085
+ fibers ุจุชุตู„ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ endings of muscle fibers ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„
1086
+
1087
+ 285
1088
+ 00:27:02,680 --> 00:27:06,720
1089
+ neuromuscular junction ู„ุญุฏ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ neuromuscular
1090
+
1091
+ 286
1092
+ 00:27:06,720 --> 00:27:14,420
1093
+ junction at each ending ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ู†ูŠุฑู ุณูŠูƒุฑูŠุชุฒ
1094
+
1095
+ 287
1096
+ 00:27:14,420 --> 00:27:21,120
1097
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ presynaptic ุจุชู… ุฅุฎุฑุงุฌ ุงู„ neurotransmitters
1098
+
1099
+ 288
1100
+ 00:27:21,120 --> 00:27:25,720
1101
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ู…ูŠู†ุŸ acetylcholine ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ
1102
+
1103
+ 289
1104
+ 00:27:25,720 --> 00:27:31,180
1105
+ vesicles ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ acetylcholine ุจุชุชุญุฏ ู…ุน
1106
+
1107
+ 290
1108
+ 00:27:31,180 --> 00:27:36,940
1109
+ ุงู„ acetylcholine receptors ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุนู…ู„
1110
+
1111
+ 291
1112
+ 00:27:36,940 --> 00:27:43,300
1113
+ stimulation ู„ู„ opening of sodium channels ููŠ
1114
+
1115
+ 292
1116
+ 00:27:43,300 --> 00:27:47,740
1117
+ ุณุงุฑูƒูˆู„ูŠู…ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ู„ action potential action
1118
+
1119
+ 293
1120
+ 00:27:47,740 --> 00:27:51,260
1121
+ potential ูŠู…ูƒู† ุชุชู… ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ depolarization
1122
+
1123
+ 294
1124
+ 00:27:51,260 --> 00:27:59,060
1125
+ ุงู„ action potential ุจูŠู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ ุงู„ muscle fibers
1126
+
1127
+ 295
1128
+ 00:28:01,680 --> 00:28:07,340
1129
+ ุจุตู„ุฉ Transverse Tube ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง T-Tubule ุฃูˆ T-Tube
1130
+
1131
+ 296
1132
+ 00:28:07,340 --> 00:28:13,000
1133
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ Sarcoplasmic Reticulum System ู‡ุฐุง
1134
+
1135
+ 297
1136
+ 00:28:13,000 --> 00:28:18,100
1137
+ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุนู…ู„ Calcium Release Channels ููŠ ุงู„
1138
+
1139
+ 298
1140
+ 00:28:18,100 --> 00:28:22,920
1141
+ Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ Opening of
1142
+
1143
+ 299
1144
+ 00:28:22,920 --> 00:28:28,240
1145
+ Calcium Channels ูˆุงุญู†ุง ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุงู„ calcium ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง ู„
1146
+
1147
+ 300
1148
+ 00:28:28,240 --> 00:28:33,200
1149
+ contraction of the muscle ู‡ุฐุง ุฑุงุญ ูŠูˆุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„
1150
+
1151
+ 301
1152
+ 00:28:33,200 --> 00:28:38,480
1153
+ opening of calcium channels ูˆูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ a opening of
1154
+
1155
+ 302
1156
+ 00:28:38,480 --> 00:28:47,440
1157
+ calcium to diffuse rapidly in the sarcoplasm ุฏุฎู„ูŠ
1158
+
1159
+ 303
1160
+ 00:28:47,440 --> 00:28:51,080
1161
+ ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ sarcoplasm ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ุจุชุชุญุฏ ู…ุน
1162
+
1163
+ 304
1164
+ 00:28:51,080 --> 00:28:56,520
1165
+ ุงู„ุชุฑูˆุจูˆู†ูŠู† ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ change ููŠ its shape ุจุชุงุน
1166
+
1167
+ 305
1168
+ 00:28:56,520 --> 00:29:01,950
1169
+ ุงู„ุชุฑูˆุจูˆู†ูŠู† ู…ุน ุญุฑูƒุฉ ู„ู„ Tropomyosin ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„
1170
+
1171
+ 306
1172
+ 00:29:01,950 --> 00:29:08,140
1173
+ Actins ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ thin filaments ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰
1174
+
1175
+ 307
1176
+ 00:29:08,140 --> 00:29:13,760
1177
+ ุชุบูŠุฑุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ thin actin ูˆ ุงู„ thick myosin ุจูŠุญุฏุซ
1178
+
1179
+ 308
1180
+ 00:29:13,760 --> 00:29:19,480
1181
+ overlap ู„ ุงู„ actins ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ myosin ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰
1182
+
1183
+ 309
1184
+ 00:29:19,480 --> 00:29:26,580
1185
+ shortening of the muscle fibers and myofibrils ูˆ ู„
1186
+
1187
+ 310
1188
+ 00:29:26,580 --> 00:29:31,130
1189
+ muscle contraction muscle ุงูŠู‡ contraction ู‡ุฐู‡
1190
+
1191
+ 311
1192
+ 00:29:31,130 --> 00:29:34,150
1193
+ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู†ู‡ุง ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ presynaptic
1194
+
1195
+ 312
1196
+ 00:29:34,150 --> 00:29:39,630
1197
+ ูˆุณ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ุน nerve fibers ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ููŠู‡ vesicles
1198
+
1199
+ 313
1200
+ 00:29:39,630 --> 00:29:44,070
1201
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ vesicles ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠู‡ุง acetylcholine ุงู„
1202
+
1203
+ 314
1204
+ 00:29:44,070 --> 00:29:47,190
1205
+ acetylcholine ุจุชู… ุฅูุฑุงุฒู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ presynaptic
1206
+
1207
+ 315
1208
+ 00:29:47,190 --> 00:29:51,810
1209
+ vesicles ููŠู‡ุง ู†ูŠุฑูˆ ุชุฑุงู†ุณู…ุชุฑ ุงุณู…ู‡ Acetylcholine ุชู…
1210
+
1211
+ 316
1212
+ 00:29:51,810 --> 00:29:54,870
1213
+ ุฅูุฑุงุฒ ุฅู† ุงู„ neurotransmitter ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1214
+
1215
+ 317
1216
+ 00:29:54,870 --> 00:29:59,410
1217
+ Acetylcholine ู‡ุฐุง ุจุชุชุญุฏ ุงู„ Acetylcholine ู…ุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1218
+
1219
+ 318
1220
+ 00:29:59,410 --> 00:30:04,470
1221
+ Acetylcholine ุงู„ุฑูŠุณุจุชูˆุฑุฒ ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฏุฎูˆู„ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู„ ุงู„
1222
+
1223
+ 319
1224
+ 00:30:04,470 --> 00:30:08,790
1225
+ muscle fibers ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุญุฏุซ opening ู„ ุงู„
1226
+
1227
+ 320
1228
+ 00:30:08,790 --> 00:30:13,670
1229
+ sodium channels ูˆ ุจุชุญุฏุซ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ depolarization
1230
+
1231
+ 321
1232
+ 00:30:13,960 --> 00:30:17,720
1233
+ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุฑุงุญ ุชู†ุชู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ nerve fibers ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„
1234
+
1235
+ 322
1236
+ 00:30:17,720 --> 00:30:18,640
1237
+ muscle fibers
1238
+
1239
+ 323
1240
+ 00:30:21,080 --> 00:30:27,420
1241
+ action potential ุจูŠุชู… ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุฅู† ุฏุฎูˆู„ ู„ T tube ุฃูˆ T
1242
+
1243
+ 324
1244
+ 00:30:27,420 --> 00:30:32,880
1245
+ tubule ุงู„ุฎุถุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1246
+
1247
+ 325
1248
+ 00:30:32,880 --> 00:30:38,860
1249
+ opening of calcium channels ุงู„ calcium channels ุฑุงุญ
1250
+
1251
+ 326
1252
+ 00:30:38,860 --> 00:30:43,320
1253
+ ูŠููˆุช ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณุงุฑูƒูˆู„ูŠู…ุง ูˆูŠุนู…ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ muscle
1254
+
1255
+ 327
1256
+ 00:30:43,320 --> 00:30:48,040
1257
+ contraction ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู†ู‡ุง okay ู‡ูŠ ูƒุฏู‡
1258
+
1259
+ 328
1260
+ 00:30:48,040 --> 00:30:53,130
1261
+ ุดุฑุญู†ุง ููŠ ุงุฎุชุตุงุฑ ููŠ slideูŠู† ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ muscle
1262
+
1263
+ 329
1264
+ 00:30:53,130 --> 00:30:59,050
1265
+ contraction ุทุจ what is the mechanism of skeletal
1266
+
1267
+ 330
1268
+ 00:30:59,050 --> 00:31:03,710
1269
+ muscle relaxationุŸ muscle relaxation after muscle
1270
+
1271
+ 331
1272
+ 00:31:03,710 --> 00:31:10,350
1273
+ contraction ุจุชุญุฏุซ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ stop ูˆ closure ู„ ุงู„
1274
+
1275
+ 332
1276
+ 00:31:10,350 --> 00:31:14,090
1277
+ sodium and potassium channels ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡
1278
+
1279
+ 333
1280
+ 00:31:14,090 --> 00:31:17,210
1281
+ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ุง ุฑุงุญ ุชู†ุชู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ nerve fibers ู„ู„ muscle
1282
+
1283
+ 334
1284
+ 00:31:17,210 --> 00:31:20,870
1285
+ ู…ุฏุงู… ู…ุง ุงู†ุชู‚ู„ุชุด ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ nerve fibers ู„ู„
1286
+
1287
+ 335
1288
+ 00:31:20,870 --> 00:31:25,410
1289
+ muscle ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุงู„ closure ู„ ุงู„ calcium
1290
+
1291
+ 336
1292
+ 00:31:25,410 --> 00:31:32,350
1293
+ channels ุจูŠู‚ู„ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ calcium ููŠ ุงู„ sarcolema ููŠ ุงู„
1294
+
1295
+ 337
1296
+ 00:31:32,350 --> 00:31:37,810
1297
+ sarcoplasmic reticulum ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุฑุงุญ ูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ muscle
1298
+
1299
+ 338
1300
+ 00:31:37,810 --> 00:31:45,450
1301
+ relaxation muscle tone Skeletal muscle tone ุงูŠุด ู‡ูŠุŸ
1302
+
1303
+ 339
1304
+ 00:31:45,450 --> 00:31:52,910
1305
+ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† certain amount of firmness remains in a
1306
+
1307
+ 340
1308
+ 00:31:52,910 --> 00:31:55,990
1309
+ muscle at rest ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู†ุง ู„ูˆ ูุญุตุช ุงู„ muscle tone
1310
+
1311
+ 341
1312
+ 00:31:55,990 --> 00:31:58,730
1313
+ ุจุจุญุซ ุจุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุฏู‡ ุงูุญุต ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ elbow
1314
+
1315
+ 342
1316
+ 00:31:58,730 --> 00:32:02,890
1317
+ ุจุชุนู…ู„ passive flexion and passive
1318
+
1319
+ 343
1320
+ 00:32:02,890 --> 00:32:06,590
1321
+ extension ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† normal muscle tone ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู†
1322
+
1323
+ 344
1324
+ 00:32:06,590 --> 00:32:10,650
1325
+ muscle hypertonia ุจู„ุงุญุธ ุงูŠู‡ ุชูŠุจุณ ูˆ ุงู†ุง ุจุญุฑูƒ ููŠ
1326
+
1327
+ 345
1328
+ 00:32:10,650 --> 00:32:13,970
1329
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุดุฏ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู…ุนุงูŠุง ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู‡ุฐู‡ muscle hypertonia
1330
+
1331
+ 346
1332
+ 00:32:14,670 --> 00:32:22,630
1333
+ ุงู„ุฑู‚ุต ุงู„ู…ุณู„ุณู„ ูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ ู…ู† ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„
1334
+
1335
+ 347
1336
+ 00:32:22,630 --> 00:32:30,250
1337
+ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ Signal transmitted
1338
+
1339
+ 348
1340
+ 00:32:30,250 --> 00:32:35,830
1341
+ from the brain to the appropriate motor neurons in
1342
+
1343
+ 349
1344
+ 00:32:35,830 --> 00:32:39,910
1345
+ the anterior horns of the spinal cord ุฃูˆ Signal that
1346
+
1347
+ 350
1348
+ 00:32:39,910 --> 00:32:44,950
1349
+ originate in the muscle spindles located in the
1350
+
1351
+ 351
1352
+ 00:32:44,950 --> 00:32:48,550
1353
+ muscle itself ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ muscle tone ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุญูƒู… ููŠู‡
1354
+
1355
+ 352
1356
+ 00:32:48,550 --> 00:32:51,170
1357
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ muscle spindles ู†ูุณู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„
1358
+
1359
+ 353
1360
+ 00:32:51,170 --> 00:32:55,570
1361
+ muscle ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ nerve signal ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„
1362
+
1363
+ 354
1364
+ 00:32:55,570 --> 00:32:57,470
1365
+ anterior horns of
1366
+
1367
+ 355
1368
+ 00:33:04,650 --> 00:33:09,470
1369
+ ุฃูˆ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† muscle atrophy muscle atrophy
1370
+
1371
+ 356
1372
+ 00:33:09,470 --> 00:33:17,200
1373
+ due to reduction of stimulation ุจูŠุญุฏุซ decrease ููŠ ุงู„
1374
+
1375
+ 357
1376
+ 00:33:17,200 --> 00:33:22,320
1377
+ muscle mass tone and power ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ู…ุฏุงู… ุญุฏุซ ุฃู…ุฑ ููŠ
1378
+
1379
+ 358
1380
+ 00:33:22,320 --> 00:33:28,580
1381
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุฑุงุญ ูŠู‚ู„ ุงู„ muscle mass ุจุชุงุนู‡ุง ุชู‚ู„ ุญุฌู…ู‡ุง ุงู„
1382
+
1383
+ 359
1384
+ 00:33:28,580 --> 00:33:32,260
1385
+ tone ุจุชุงุนู‡ุง ุฑุงุญ ูŠุชุบูŠุฑ ูˆ ูŠู‚ู„ ูˆ ุงู„ power ุฑุงุญ ูŠุถุนู
1386
+
1387
+ 360
1388
+ 00:33:32,260 --> 00:33:36,690
1389
+ ู‚ูˆุฉ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ muscle becomes flaccidุŒ ุจุชุญุฏุซ flaccidity
1390
+
1391
+ 361
1392
+ 00:33:36,690 --> 00:33:42,590
1393
+ ููŠ ุงู„ muscle fibers ูˆ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ decrease ููŠ ุงู„ size of
1394
+
1395
+ 362
1396
+ 00:33:42,590 --> 00:33:47,570
1397
+ muscle fibers and becomes weakerุŒ ุจุชุญุฏุซ ุชูƒูˆู† ุถุนูŠูุฉ
1398
+
1399
+ 363
1400
+ 00:33:47,570 --> 00:33:54,420
1401
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆ ู‚ุฏ ูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ muscle atrophy Temporary
1402
+
1403
+ 364
1404
+ 00:33:54,420 --> 00:33:58,680
1405
+ reduction in muscle use ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงู† ู…ู…ูƒู†
1406
+
1407
+ 365
1408
+ 00:33:58,680 --> 00:34:04,120
1409
+ ุถู…ูˆุฑ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ูŠูƒูˆู† ู†ุงุชุฌ ุนู† disuse ุนุฏู… ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู…ุซู„
1410
+
1411
+ 366
1412
+ 00:34:04,120 --> 00:34:07,620
1413
+ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญุทูˆู„ู‡ู… ุฌุจุณ ุงู†ูƒุณุฑุช ุฑุฌู„ ูˆูŠุญุทูˆู„ู‡ ุฌุจุณ ุจุนุฏ
1414
+
1415
+ 367
1416
+ 00:34:07,620 --> 00:34:10,960
1417
+ ุฏู‡ ุจูŠุญุชุงุฌ ุงูŠุด ุนู„ุงุฌ ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุญุฏุซ
1418
+
1419
+ 368
1420
+ 00:34:10,960 --> 00:34:14,880
1421
+ contracture ููŠ ุงู„ joint ูˆูŠุญุฏุซ ุถุนู ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ูŠุด ุญุฏุซ
1422
+
1423
+ 369
1424
+ 00:34:14,880 --> 00:34:20,720
1425
+ ุถุนู ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนุฏู… ุงู„ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… due to disuse ู…ุซู„
1426
+
1427
+ 370
1428
+ 00:34:20,720 --> 00:34:25,570
1429
+ atrophy ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ hypertrophy ุจูŠุญุฏุซ increase in
1430
+
1431
+ 371
1432
+ 00:34:25,570 --> 00:34:30,830
1433
+ muscle fiber size ุฎุงุตุฉ
1434
+
1435
+ 372
1436
+ 00:34:30,830 --> 00:34:33,710
1437
+ ููŠ ุงู„ repetitive stimulation of muscle fibers
1438
+
1439
+ 373
1440
+ 00:34:33,710 --> 00:34:41,670
1441
+ ู„ู„ู…ูŠุชูˆูƒูˆู†ุฏุฑูŠุง ุจูŠุฒูŠุฏ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ glycogen ูˆ ุจูŠุฒูŠุฏ ุงู„
1442
+
1443
+ 374
1444
+ 00:34:41,670 --> 00:34:44,870
1445
+ ability to produce ATP ูˆ ู…ุง ุฏุงู… ุฒุงุฏ ุงู„ ATP ู…ู…ูƒู†
1446
+
1447
+ 375
1448
+ 00:34:44,870 --> 00:34:49,250
1449
+ ูŠุญุฏุซ ู‡ู†ุง ุชุถุฎู… ููŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ hypertrophy ู…ุตุฑ
1450
+
1451
+ 376
1452
+ 00:34:49,250 --> 00:34:53,350
1453
+ hypertrophy ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† true hypertrophy ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชุถุฎู…
1454
+
1455
+ 377
1456
+ 00:34:53,350 --> 00:34:57,310
1457
+ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠ ุฒูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจูŠู…ุงุฑุณ ุฑูŠุงุถุฉ ุฃูˆ ุชูƒูˆู† pseudo
1458
+
1459
+ 378
1460
+ 00:34:57,310 --> 00:35:02,580
1461
+ hypertrophy ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชุถุฎู… ูƒุงุฐุจ ู†ุงุชุฌ ุนู† ุงูŠุดุŸ ุนู†
1462
+
1463
+ 379
1464
+ 00:35:02,580 --> 00:35:07,340
1465
+ Deposition of Fat ู…ุซู„ ู…ุง ุจู†ุดูˆู ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช Duchenne
1466
+
1467
+ 380
1468
+ 00:35:07,340 --> 00:35:09,780
1469
+ Muscular Dystrophy ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุถู…ูˆุฑ ููŠ
1470
+
1471
+ 381
1472
+ 00:35:09,780 --> 00:35:13,860
1473
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชู„ุงุญุธ ุงู„ Leg Muscles ู…ุชุถุฎู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1474
+
1475
+ 382
1476
+ 00:35:13,860 --> 00:35:17,180
1477
+ ุจูŠุดูˆู ุฑูˆุญุงู† ููŠู‡ุง ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ูƒ ู…ุชุถุฎู…ุฉ ุนุถู„ุชู‡ ู„ุฃ ู‡ูŠ ุถุนูŠูุฉ
1478
+
1479
+ 383
1480
+ 00:35:17,180 --> 00:35:22,500
1481
+ ุฌุฏุง ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู† ู…ูƒุงู† ุงู„ muscle fibers ู…ูƒุงู†
1482
+
1483
+ 384
1484
+ 00:35:22,500 --> 00:35:28,310
1485
+ ุงู„ุฃู†ุณุฌุฉ ุงู„ุนุถู„ูŠุฉ ุญู„ู„ู†ุง ุฃู†ุณุฌุฉ ุฏู‡ู†ูŠุฉ ุฏู‡ูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡
1486
+
1487
+ 385
1488
+ 00:35:28,310 --> 00:35:34,290
1489
+ ุชุถุฎู… ูƒ
1490
+
1491
+ 401
1492
+ 00:36:36,100 --> 00:36:38,730
1493
+ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑุจู„ุงุฒูŠุง ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฑุญู… ุฑุณู…ูŠุงู‹ ู†ุชูƒู„ู…
1494
+
1495
+ 402
1496
+ 00:36:38,730 --> 00:36:41,210
1497
+ ุนู† ู…ุฑุถ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุงุฎุฏู‡ ููŠ ุณู†ุฉ ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุทูŠุจูŠู† ุฅู†
1498
+
1499
+ 403
1500
+ 00:36:41,210 --> 00:36:45,990
1501
+ ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู…ุงูŠุณุชูŠู†ูŠุง ุบุฑุงููŠุณ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† autoimmune
1502
+
1503
+ 404
1504
+ 00:36:45,990 --> 00:36:51,250
1505
+ disorder characterized by progressive muscular
1506
+
1507
+ 405
1508
+ 00:36:51,250 --> 00:36:55,360
1509
+ fatigability ุฃูŠ ู…ุณูƒูˆู„ุงุฑ ูุงุชู‚ุงุจูŠู„ุชูŠุŸ skeletal
1510
+
1511
+ 406
1512
+ 00:36:55,360 --> 00:36:58,040
1513
+ muscular fatigability ุจูŠุตูŠุจ skeletal muscle only
1514
+
1515
+ 407
1516
+ 00:36:58,040 --> 00:37:02,460
1517
+ caused by reduction in the numbers and functions
1518
+
1519
+ 408
1520
+ 00:37:02,460 --> 00:37:07,980
1521
+ of acetylcholine receptors ู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠุญุฏุซ circulation ู„
1522
+
1523
+ 409
1524
+ 00:37:07,980 --> 00:37:10,820
1525
+ antibodiesุŒ ุงู„ู€ antibodies ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชู‚ูˆู… ุจู…ู‡ุงุฌู…ุฉ
1526
+
1527
+ 410
1528
+ 00:37:10,820 --> 00:37:15,800
1529
+ ุงู„ู€acetylcholine ู…ุฏุงู… ุชู…ุช ู…ู‡ุงุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ู€ acetylcholine
1530
+
1531
+ 411
1532
+ 00:37:15,800 --> 00:37:19,660
1533
+ receptors ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ nerve impulse ู…ุงุฑุญ ูŠู†ุชู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
1534
+
1535
+ 412
1536
+ 00:37:19,660 --> 00:37:23,580
1537
+ nerve endings ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ muscle fibers ูˆุจูŠุญุฏุซ
1538
+
1539
+ 413
1540
+ 00:37:23,580 --> 00:37:28,240
1541
+ fatigability ุจู†ุณู…ูŠ ู…ุฑุถ ูˆู‡ู† ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ู…ุฑุถ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ูˆู‡ู†
1542
+
1543
+ 414
1544
+ 00:37:28,240 --> 00:37:33,140
1545
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช Okay ุงู„ู€ slide ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Duchene
1546
+
1547
+ 415
1548
+ 00:37:33,140 --> 00:37:38,420
1549
+ muscular dystrophy ู‡ุงู† ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ mutation of
1550
+
1551
+ 416
1552
+ 00:37:38,420 --> 00:37:41,620
1553
+ dystrophin gene ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุณู…ูŠ ุฏู…ูˆุน ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ู…ุฑุถ ุฏูˆ ุดูŠู†
1554
+
1555
+ 417
1556
+ 00:37:41,620 --> 00:37:45,520
1557
+ ุจูŠุตูŠุจ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ mutation ุทูุฑุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
1558
+
1559
+ 418
1560
+ 00:37:45,520 --> 00:37:49,740
1561
+ dystrophin gene ุงู„ู€ dystrophin ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€
1562
+
1563
+ 419
1564
+ 00:37:49,740 --> 00:37:54,580
1565
+ muscle function ูŠุนุชุจุฑ large actin bending protein
1566
+
1567
+ 420
1568
+ 00:37:54,580 --> 00:37:59,570
1569
+ located just inside of sarcolema of the skeletal
1570
+
1571
+ 421
1572
+ 00:37:59,570 --> 00:38:03,750
1573
+ muscle fibers ู…ู‡ู… ู„ู€ growth of muscle ู„ู€ function
1574
+
1575
+ 422
1576
+ 00:38:03,750 --> 00:38:08,550
1577
+ organization of myofibril ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰
1578
+
1579
+ 423
1580
+ 00:38:08,550 --> 00:38:12,410
1581
+ progressive weakness atrophy of the muscle fibers
1582
+
1583
+ 424
1584
+ 00:38:12,410 --> 00:38:16,870
1585
+ ุฃุญูŠุงู†ุงู‹ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… muscle hypertrophy
1586
+
1587
+ 425
1588
+ 00:38:17,190 --> 00:38:20,970
1589
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… muscular dystrophy type
1590
+
1591
+ 426
1592
+ 00:38:20,970 --> 00:38:25,770
1593
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง wheelchair dependent ุนู„ู‰ ุณู† ุงุชู†ุงุดุฑ ุณู†ุฉ
1594
+
1595
+ 427
1596
+ 00:38:25,770 --> 00:38:30,750
1597
+ ุจูŠุญุชุงุฌูˆุง ูƒุฑุณูŠ ู…ุชุญุฑูƒ ุจูŠุนูŠุดูˆุง ู„ุญุฏ ุซู…ุงู†ุชุงุดุฑ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ุณู†ุฉ
1598
+
1599
+ 428
1600
+ 00:38:30,750 --> 00:38:33,830
1601
+ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฃุนู…ุงุฑ ุจูŠุฏ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู…ู† ุงูŠุด ุจุชูˆููˆุงุŸ ุจุชูˆููˆุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
1602
+
1603
+ 429
1604
+ 00:38:33,830 --> 00:38:39,270
1605
+ respiratory failure and sepsis ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงุญู†ุง ูˆุตู„ู†ุง
1606
+
1607
+ 430
1608
+ 00:38:39,270 --> 00:38:43,510
1609
+ ู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ุนุดุฑ ูˆูˆุตู„ู†ุง ู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ
1610
+
1611
+ 431
1612
+ 00:38:43,510 --> 00:38:47,550
1613
+ ุงู„ู…ุณุงู‚ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ neuro anatomy and neurophysiology
1614
+
1615
+ 432
1616
+ 00:38:47,550 --> 00:38:50,630
1617
+ ุฏู…ุชู…
1618
+
1619
+ 433
1620
+ 00:38:50,630 --> 00:38:54,710
1621
+ ุจุฎูŠุฑ ูˆ ุณุงู…ุญูˆู†ุง ุฅู† ู‚ุตู‘ุฑู†ุง ู…ุนูƒู… ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุงู„ู ุนุงููŠุฉ
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/BItyP2s_jgE_postprocess.srt ADDED
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1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:05,210 --> 00:00:10,470
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:10,470 --> 00:00:13,630
7
+ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ุนุดุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ anatomy and physiology
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:13,630 --> 00:00:18,010
11
+ of the motor system part two ุฑุงุญ ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:18,010 --> 00:00:26,170
15
+ muscles skeletal muscle ุฑุงุญ ุฃุจุฏุฃ ุจ motor unit ุฅูŠุด
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:26,170 --> 00:00:32,630
19
+ ู‡ูˆ motor unit it is the functional unit of muscle
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:32,630 --> 00:00:36,170
23
+ contractionูŠุจู‚ู‰ functional unit of muscle
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:36,170 --> 00:00:42,610
27
+ contraction ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ู†ูุณู‡ motor unit it consists of
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:42,610 --> 00:00:48,580
31
+ one alpha motor neuronand the muscle fibers
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:48,580 --> 00:00:54,740
35
+ innervated by its axons ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† muscle fibers
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:54,740 --> 00:01:00,660
39
+ ุจุงุฎุฏู‡ู… ู…ู† ูˆู† Alpha ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ unit ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ motor unit
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:01:00,660 --> 00:01:05,020
43
+ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† muscle fibers ู…ุน alpha motor neuron ู…ุน
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:01:05,020 --> 00:01:11,080
47
+ ุจุนุถ ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ motor unit ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† contraction
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:11,080 --> 00:01:19,510
51
+ of the muscle fibersmuscle tissue ุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฑุญ
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:19,510 --> 00:01:26,710
55
+ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ muscle tissue muscle tissue is the only
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:26,710 --> 00:01:34,790
59
+ one which has the property of contractility ูŠุจู‚ู‰
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:34,790 --> 00:01:40,270
63
+ ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู†ุณุฌุฉ ุจุงู„ุงู†ู‚ุจุงุถ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู†ุณุฌุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:40,270 --> 00:01:45,590
67
+ ู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ุงู†ู‚ุจุงุถ ู‡ูŠ muscle tissueู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุชุฌูŠู†ุง
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:45,590 --> 00:01:54,950
71
+ ุงู„ muscle tissueุŸ ู…ู† mesoderm .. mesoderm ููŠ ู‡ู†ุง
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:54,950 --> 00:02:02,350
75
+ ุซู„ุงุซ ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ู…ู† ุงู„ muscle fibers ูŠุฎุชู„ููˆุง ุนู† ุจุนุถ ู…ู†
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:02:02,350 --> 00:02:06,050
79
+ ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ morphology ูˆ ุงู„ functional
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:02:06,050 --> 00:02:13,760
83
+ characteristics ุงูŠุด ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู†ูˆุงุนุŸ ุงูˆู„ ู†ูˆุนุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:02:13,760 --> 00:02:19,440
87
+ striated muscle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุทุทุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:02:19,440 --> 00:02:25,340
91
+ ู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ skeletal muscles ูˆ cardiac muscle ููŠ
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:25,340 --> 00:02:30,940
95
+ smooth muscles ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู…ู„ุณุงู‚ุฉ ุทุจ ู…ูŠู† ููŠู‡ู…
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:30,940 --> 00:02:35,700
99
+ voluntary ูˆู…ูŠู† ููŠู‡ู… involuntary ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:35,700 --> 00:02:40,340
103
+ ุจูŠุบุถูŠู‡ู… somatic nerves ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง voluntary ุบู…ุถ ุนูŠู†ูŠ
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:40,340 --> 00:02:45,400
107
+ ูุชุญุชุฑูุนุช ุฃูŠุฏูŠ ู†ุฒู„ุชู‡ุง ู‡ุฐุง voluntary ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:45,400 --> 00:02:50,380
111
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุบุฏูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ autonomic nervous system ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:50,380 --> 00:02:54,220
115
+ involuntary ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… cardiac ูˆ smooth muscles
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:54,220 --> 00:02:57,400
119
+ ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง involuntary ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ุงุจู‚ุฏุฑ ูŠุชุญูƒู… ุจุญุฑูƒุฉ
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:57,400 --> 00:03:03,450
123
+ ุงู„ุฃู…ุนุงุกุฃูˆ ุงู„ู…ุนุฏุฉ ู…ุง ุจู‚ุฏุฑ ุงุชุญูƒู… ููŠ ู†ุจุถ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ุงุฒูˆุฏู‡
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:03:03,450 --> 00:03:07,630
127
+ ุงูˆ ุงู‚ู„ู„ู‡ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุนุชุจุฑ involuntary muscles ูŠู‚ูˆู„
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:03:07,630 --> 00:03:10,910
131
+ ุงู„ involuntary muscles ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ุง ุฅูŠุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:03:10,910 --> 00:03:14,350
135
+ cardiac ูˆ smooth ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ุง ุฅูŠุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:14,350 --> 00:03:22,910
139
+ ู‡ูŠ skeletal muscles ููŠ ุฌุณู…ู†ุงุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ููŠ 320 ุฒูŠุงุฌ ู…ู†
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:22,910 --> 00:03:27,990
143
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ูˆ 320 ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ุงูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† 320
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:27,990 --> 00:03:34,470
147
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† 640 skeletal muscle ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ูˆ ุงู„
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:34,470 --> 00:03:39,130
151
+ skeletal muscle ุจุชูƒูˆู†ู†ุง ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ 40 ู„ 50% ู…ู† ูˆุฒู†
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:39,130 --> 00:03:45,540
155
+ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง ุงู„ muscle ุชุดุฑุจwhat's the
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:45,540 --> 00:03:52,800
159
+ functions of skeletal muscles ุงูŠุด ูˆุธูŠูุฉ skeletal
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:52,800 --> 00:03:58,600
163
+ muscles ุงูˆู„ ุดุฆ produce movement of the skeletal
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:58,600 --> 00:04:01,960
167
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ skeleton ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู†
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:04:01,960 --> 00:04:09,440
171
+ ู…ุง ุจู…ุดูŠ ูˆู„ุง ุจุชุญุฑูƒ ุจุฏูˆู† ุนุถู„ุงุช maintain posture and
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:04:09,440 --> 00:04:17,080
175
+ body position ุงู†ุง ุงู„ุขู† ูˆุงู‚ู ุงูˆ ุฌู„ุณุชูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ู‡ุง
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:04:17,080 --> 00:04:20,520
179
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุจุดุฑุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ position ุจุงู„ muscle ุจ skeletal
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:04:20,520 --> 00:04:25,860
183
+ muscles support ุงู„ soft tissue ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ soft
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:25,860 --> 00:04:30,720
187
+ tissue ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:30,720 --> 00:04:35,480
191
+ ุงู„ digestive system urinary other tract ุงู„ heart
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:35,480 --> 00:04:41,280
195
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุจูŠุญู…ูˆุง ุงู„ุฃุนุถุงุก ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠุฉand
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:41,280 --> 00:04:47,300
199
+ maintain body temperature ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุนู„ู‚ ุจregulation of
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:47,300 --> 00:04:51,700
203
+ the body temperature by the contraction of the
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:51,700 --> 00:05:00,360
207
+ muscle what's the properties of skeletal muscle
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:05:00,360 --> 00:05:05,770
211
+ tissueุฃูˆ ุณุคุงู„ ุซุงู†ูŠ what's the characteristics of
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:05:05,770 --> 00:05:09,710
215
+ skeletal muscle tissueุŸ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุตูุงุช ุชุจุน ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:05:09,710 --> 00:05:13,010
219
+ muscle tissue ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ skeletal muscleุŸ ูˆุงุญุฏ
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:05:13,010 --> 00:05:21,330
223
+ excitability ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฑุงู†ูŠุด ability to response
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:05:21,330 --> 00:05:28,290
227
+ to stimulus ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุชุณุชุฌูŠุจ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ stimulus ุซู…ุงู†ูŠ
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:05:28,290 --> 00:05:30,390
231
+ contractility
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:31,540 --> 00:05:36,080
235
+ ุงู„ุงู†ู‚ุจุงุถ it is the ability of produce muscle
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:36,080 --> 00:05:44,280
239
+ contraction ุชู„ุงุซุฉ extensibility ability of muscle
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:44,280 --> 00:05:49,940
243
+ to be stretched ุงู„ stretching of the muscle ุงุฑุจุน
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:49,940 --> 00:05:55,800
247
+ elasticity ุงูŠุด ุงู„ elasticity it is the ability of
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:55,800 --> 00:06:03,950
251
+ muscle to return to its original lengthู…ุชู‰ when
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:06:03,950 --> 00:06:10,270
255
+ tension and contraction is released ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุญุงู„
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:06:10,270 --> 00:06:16,490
259
+ ุงู„ุฅู†ู‚ุจุงุถ ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุงู„ contraction ุจุญุฏุซ ู‚ุตูˆุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:06:16,490 --> 00:06:23,090
263
+ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ rest ู„ุงุฒู… ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุชุฑุฌุน ู„ุฅูŠู‡ ู„ุทูˆู„ู‡ุง
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:06:23,090 --> 00:06:27,150
267
+ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ rest ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ู†ูˆู… ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ rest ููŠ
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:06:27,150 --> 00:06:33,920
271
+ ุงู„ู‡ุฏูˆุกู‡ุฐุง ู…ุง ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง elasticity of the muscle ุงุฎุฑ
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:33,920 --> 00:06:39,260
275
+ ุดุฆ ุงู„ adaptation adaptability ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:39,260 --> 00:06:44,420
279
+ ุจูŠุญุฏุซู„ู‡ุง adaptation ู„ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุงุช ูˆุจุนุถ ุงู„ ุงูŠู‡
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:44,420 --> 00:06:50,140
283
+ ุงู„ู…ุฌู‡ูˆุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ุทูŠุจ ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ connective
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:50,140 --> 00:06:57,120
287
+ tissue ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† skeletal muscle ููŠู‡ ู‡ู†ุง
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:07:01,750 --> 00:07:07,770
291
+ Epimysium ูˆIndomysium ู‡ุฐู‡
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:07:07,770 --> 00:07:13,430
295
+ ุงู„ู€ Epimysium ุชุนุชุจุฑ external stretch ุงูˆ external
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:07:13,430 --> 00:07:20,150
299
+ sheath ุชุนุชุจุฑ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุชุนุชุจุฑ external sheath of dense
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:07:20,150 --> 00:07:27,330
303
+ irregular surround the inter muscle ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:07:27,330 --> 00:07:35,400
307
+ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุชู…ุงู…ุŸูˆcontains large nerve, arteries and
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:07:35,400 --> 00:07:42,840
311
+ lymphatic vessels ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ piramidia had surrounded
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:07:42,840 --> 00:07:48,420
315
+ each bundle of muscle fibers ูุงู„ุณูƒุฑุฉ ุฑุญ ู†ุดุฑุญูƒู…
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:07:48,420 --> 00:07:54,500
319
+ ู…ุนุงู‡ุง ุดูˆูŠุฉ it is penetrated by nerve, arteries and
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:54,500 --> 00:07:59,650
323
+ lymphatic vesselsุทุจ endomysium ุชุนุชุจุฑ reticular
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:59,650 --> 00:08:05,870
327
+ fibers surround the external lamina covers the
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:08:05,870 --> 00:08:22,530
331
+ muscle as whole ูŠุจู‚ู‰
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:08:22,530 --> 00:08:25,090
335
+ ู†ู‡ุงุฆูŠุฉ ุงู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:08:28,560 --> 00:08:37,480
339
+ ูŠุจู…ูŠุฒูŠูˆู…ุŒ ุจูŠุฑูŠู† ูˆ ุฃู†ุฏูˆู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ connective
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:08:37,480 --> 00:08:43,020
343
+ tissue around the skeletal muscles ููŠ three layers
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:08:43,020 --> 00:08:50,180
347
+ ููŠ ุงุจู…ูŠุฒูŠูˆู… ูˆ ููŠ ุจูŠุฑูŠู†ู…ูŠุฒูŠูˆู… ูˆ ููŠ ุฃู†ุฏูˆู…ูŠุฒูŠูˆู… ุงู„ุงุจ
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:08:50,180 --> 00:08:55,680
351
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฎุงุฑุฌ it is external sheetof dense regula
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:08:55,680 --> 00:09:02,460
355
+ surround and cover the muscle as a whole ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:09:02,460 --> 00:09:08,480
359
+ ุงู„ุบู†ุงู ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุงู„
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:09:08,480 --> 00:09:14,700
363
+ puri ู…ู…ูŠุฒุฉ surround each of muscle fascicle ู‡ุฐุง
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:09:14,700 --> 00:09:20,030
367
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุฅูŠุจูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ุงู†ุฏูˆุจูŠุบุทูŠู†ุง ูˆ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู†ุง
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:09:20,030 --> 00:09:27,090
371
+ ุบู„ุงู ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ูุงุณูŠูƒู„ of muscle ูˆ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ bending
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:09:27,090 --> 00:09:33,270
375
+ ู„ุฃ ุงู„ูุงุณูŠูƒู„ together ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ nerves,
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:09:33,850 --> 00:09:39,130
379
+ arteries and lymphatic vessels ุฃุฎุฑ ุฌุฒุฆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:09:39,130 --> 00:09:44,370
383
+ endomysia ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูˆูŠู† ุชุนุชุจุฑ delicate soft tissue
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:09:44,370 --> 00:09:50,450
387
+ ุฃูˆ soft membranecover the specialized skeletal
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:09:50,450 --> 00:09:54,630
391
+ muscle fibers ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู†ุฏูˆ ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠ ูˆ ุจูŠุบู„ู
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:09:54,630 --> 00:09:58,770
395
+ ุงู„ muscle fibers ูˆ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ููŠู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ nerve
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:09:58,770 --> 00:10:03,430
399
+ fibers ูˆ arteries ูˆ lymphatic vessels ุฒู‰ ู…ุง ุญู†ุง
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:10:03,430 --> 00:10:09,540
403
+ ุดุงูŠููŠู† ู‡ุงู† ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ ipamezia ูˆ ุจูŠุตู„ุญ ุญุฏ ุงู„ุชู†ุฏู†ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:10:09,540 --> 00:10:13,520
407
+ ุบู„ุงู ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ูู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ perimesium ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:10:13,520 --> 00:10:19,020
411
+ ุบู„ุงู ู„ูุณูŠูƒู„ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูุณูŠูƒู„ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆ ูู‰ ู‡ู†ุง
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:10:19,020 --> 00:10:25,800
415
+ endomesium ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุบู„ุงู ู„ู…ู†ุŸ ู„ู€ muscle fibers ูŠุจู‚ู‰
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:10:25,800 --> 00:10:31,700
419
+ ุงู† ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ peri ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠ endo ูˆ
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:10:31,700 --> 00:10:36,660
423
+ epimesium ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุบู„ุงู ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠ
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:10:44,000 --> 00:10:50,460
427
+ ุงู„ุงู† ุจุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ definition of skeletal muscle
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:10:50,460 --> 00:10:56,420
431
+ skeletal muscle is composed of numerous muscle
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:10:56,420 --> 00:11:02,080
435
+ fibers ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ skeletal muscle ููŠู‡ุง fasticles ูˆุงู„
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:11:02,080 --> 00:11:07,980
439
+ fasticles ููŠู‡ุง muscle fibers each muscle fibers
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:11:07,980 --> 00:11:15,710
443
+ usually innervated by only one nerve endingsู‡ุฐุง
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:11:15,710 --> 00:11:21,990
447
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ุงู„ motor unit the muscle fibers is surround
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:11:21,990 --> 00:11:30,570
451
+ by a thin membrane ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ุง sarcolema sarco a lema
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:11:30,570 --> 00:11:37,010
455
+ each muscle fiberscontains several hundred to
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:11:37,010 --> 00:11:42,390
459
+ several thousand myofibril ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ muscle fibers
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:11:42,390 --> 00:11:49,550
463
+ ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ุง ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ุฆุงุช ูˆ ุฃู„ุงู ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ myofibril ูŠุนู†ูŠ
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:11:49,550 --> 00:11:54,290
467
+ fiber muscle fiber fibril ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุตุบุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ muscle
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:11:54,290 --> 00:12:02,500
471
+ fibers each myofibril is composed of aboutone
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:12:02,500 --> 00:12:06,080
475
+ thousand five hundred myosin filament ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ููŠู‡ุง
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:12:06,080 --> 00:12:09,660
479
+ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู ูˆ ุฎู…ุณู…ุงุฆุฉ myosin filament ูˆ ููŠู‡ุง ุซู„ุงุซุฉ
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:12:09,660 --> 00:12:16,020
483
+ ุขู„ุงู actin filament ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ myosin ูˆ ุงู„ actin ูˆ ู‡ู…
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:12:16,020 --> 00:12:19,840
487
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ muscle contraction ูˆ ู‡ู… ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ muscle
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:12:19,840 --> 00:12:24,380
491
+ contraction cytoplasma ููŠ ุงู„ muscle ุงุณู…ู‡ุง
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:12:24,380 --> 00:12:30,690
495
+ sarcoplasmaSmooth endoplasmic reticulum ุงุณู…ู‡ุง
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:12:30,690 --> 00:12:34,390
499
+ Sarcoplasmic reticulum Cell membrane ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:12:34,390 --> 00:12:39,070
503
+ external lamina ููŠ ุงู„ muscle ุงุณู…ู‡ุง Sarcolema ูŠุฌุจ
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:12:39,070 --> 00:12:44,310
507
+ ุงู† ู†ู„ุงุญุธู‡ ุงู† ุงู„ muscle ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง several muscle
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:12:44,310 --> 00:12:48,010
511
+ bundle ุงูˆ fascicles ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ุงู„ muscle ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:12:48,010 --> 00:12:52,550
515
+ muscle fascicles ุทุจ ุงู„ muscle fascicles ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:12:52,550 --> 00:12:58,350
519
+ several muscle fibersุทุจ ุงู„ muscle fiber ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:12:58,350 --> 00:13:07,910
523
+ ู…ุฆุงุช ู„ุฃู„ุงู myofibrils ุทุจ ุงู„ myofibrils ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:13:07,910 --> 00:13:14,490
527
+ ูˆ ุฎู…ุณู…ุงุฆุฉ ู…ูŠุงุณูŠู† ูˆ ุซู„ุงุซ ุฃู„ุงู actin filament ุงู„ู„ูŠ
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:13:14,490 --> 00:13:19,670
531
+ ู„ุงุฒู…ูŠู† ู„ muscle contraction ูˆุงุถุญุŸ ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุงู„ muscle
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:13:19,670 --> 00:13:23,700
535
+ ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง muscle fascicleุงู„ muscle fascicle ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:13:23,700 --> 00:13:26,220
539
+ muscle fibers ุงู„ muscle fibers ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงู„
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:13:26,220 --> 00:13:29,320
543
+ myofibril ุงู„ myofibril ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงู„ myosin ูˆ ุงู„
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:13:29,320 --> 00:13:33,160
547
+ actins ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ู…ู‡ู…ูŠู† ู„ ุงู„ muscle contractivity
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:13:33,160 --> 00:13:40,140
551
+ ู‡ุงู†ูŠ muscle ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ muscle ููŠู‡ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:13:40,140 --> 00:13:46,100
555
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… fascicles ุงู„ fascicles ุจูŠุนุทูˆู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:13:46,100 --> 00:13:52,350
559
+ muscle fibersุงู„ muscle fibers ุจูŠุนุทูˆู†ุง myofibril ุงู„
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:13:52,350 --> 00:13:57,370
563
+ myofibril ููŠู‡ุง actin ูˆ myosin ููŠู‡ุง myosin ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู…
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:13:57,370 --> 00:14:02,630
567
+ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง 1500 ูˆ actin 3000 ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ muscle
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:14:02,630 --> 00:14:07,270
571
+ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง muscle bundle ุงูˆ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง muscle fascicle ุงูˆ
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:14:07,270 --> 00:14:10,470
575
+ muscle fascicle ุงู„ muscle fascicle ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง muscle
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:14:10,470 --> 00:14:15,570
579
+ fibers ุงู„ muscle fibers ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง myofibrilู…ุฆุงุช
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:14:15,570 --> 00:14:19,910
583
+ ู„ุฃู„ุงู ุงู„ myofibrils ุงู„ myofibrils ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง actins
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:14:19,910 --> 00:14:27,030
587
+ and myosin ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… 1500 ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ myosin ูˆ 3000 actins
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:14:27,030 --> 00:14:33,570
591
+ ุงู„ู…ู‡ู…ูŠู† ู„ู€ muscle contractionmuscle ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง muscle
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:14:33,570 --> 00:14:36,410
595
+ fascicles muscle fascicles ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง muscle fibers
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:14:36,410 --> 00:14:38,770
599
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ cells ุงู„ muscle fibers ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:14:38,770 --> 00:14:42,510
603
+ myofibrils ุงู„ myofibrils ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง thick ูˆ thin
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:14:42,510 --> 00:14:48,870
607
+ filaments ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… myosin and actin ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ muscle
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:14:48,870 --> 00:14:58,140
611
+ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู‡ุง ุงูŠุจูŠู…ูŠุฒูŠุงุจุนุฏูŠู† ุงู„ูุงุณูŠูƒู„ุฒ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู…
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:14:58,140 --> 00:15:03,200
615
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง pyrimesium ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู†ู‡ู… ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ pyrimesium ู‡ุฐู‡
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:15:03,200 --> 00:15:09,920
619
+ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงู„ูุงุณูŠูƒู„ุฒ ุงู„ูุงุณูŠูƒู„ุฒ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:15:09,920 --> 00:15:14,360
623
+ muscle fibers ุงู„ muscle fibers ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู‡ู… ุบู„ุงู ุงุณู…ู‡
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:15:14,360 --> 00:15:19,820
627
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ endomyosin endomyosin ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ endomyosin
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:15:19,820 --> 00:15:23,080
631
+ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงู„ muscle fibers
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:15:28,310 --> 00:15:34,770
635
+ cycoplasma is the
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:15:34,770 --> 00:15:41,450
639
+ intracellular fluid located between myofibrils
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:15:41,450 --> 00:15:44,870
643
+ ูˆุฅูŠุด
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:15:44,870 --> 00:15:50,800
647
+ ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ contains electrolytesุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู…ุŒ ู…ุบู†ูŠุฒูŠูˆู…ุŒ
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:15:50,800 --> 00:15:57,900
651
+ ุณูˆู„ูุงุชุŒ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ูŠู†ุฒุงูŠู… ูˆู…ุนุงู†ุงุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุชูˆ
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:15:57,900 --> 00:16:03,700
655
+ ูƒูˆู†ุฏุฑูŠุงู„ ู…ุนุงู†ุงุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุชูˆ ูƒูˆู†ุฏุฑูŠุงู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุนุงู†ุงุฉ
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:16:03,700 --> 00:16:14,340
659
+ ุชุฏูุน ู…ูŠูˆููŠุจุฑูŠู„ุงุช ู…ุน ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงู†ูŠุฑุด ุญุณู†ุง ุณุงุฑูƒูˆ
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:16:14,340 --> 00:16:19,170
663
+ ุจู„ุงุฒู…ุงุชูŠูƒ ุฑูŠุชูŠูƒูˆู„ุงู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„regulation of
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:16:19,170 --> 00:16:23,630
667
+ calcium storage ู„ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ calcium storage release
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:16:23,630 --> 00:16:29,770
671
+ and reoptic ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู‡ู… ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ุงู„ู…ุตู„ contraction ู„ ุงู„
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:16:29,770 --> 00:16:34,350
675
+ contractivity function of the muscle ุงู†ุง ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:16:34,350 --> 00:16:40,890
679
+ ุงู„ organization of the muscle fibersุงุชูุงู‚ู†ุง ุงู† ุงู„
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:16:40,890 --> 00:16:47,210
683
+ muscle fibers ููŠู‡ ู…ุฆุงุช ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ุงู myofibril ูˆ ุงู„
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:16:47,210 --> 00:16:52,430
687
+ myofibril ูŠุนุชุจุฑ long cylindrical filament bundle
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:16:52,430 --> 00:16:58,390
691
+ ุฏุงุฎู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ myofibril ููŠู‡ myosin ุงู„ู ูˆ ุฎู…ุณู…ูŠุฉ ูˆ ููŠ
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:16:58,390 --> 00:17:05,430
695
+ ุงู„actin ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุซู„ุงุซ ุฃู„ุงู ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:17:05,430 --> 00:17:11,750
699
+ ููŠู‡ู… a band ูˆ I bandุงู„ู€ A-band ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ dark bands
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:17:11,750 --> 00:17:20,290
703
+ on myofibril ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ myosin filament ูˆ ุฃูƒุชูŠู† ุจู†ุชู‡ูŠ
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:17:20,290 --> 00:17:28,790
707
+ ุจุงู„ุฃูƒุชูŠู† ุงู„ I-band it is light bands ูุงุชุญ ู„ูˆู†ู‡ ูู‚ุท
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:17:28,790 --> 00:17:33,350
711
+ contains ุฃูƒุชูŠู† ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ A-band ูˆ I
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:17:33,350 --> 00:17:39,570
715
+ -band ุงู„ A-band dark ุบุงู…ู‚ูˆุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ myosin mainly ูˆููŠ
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:17:39,570 --> 00:17:45,610
719
+ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ููŠู‡ actin filaments ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ eye band light
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:17:45,610 --> 00:17:50,250
723
+ ูุงุชุญ ู„ูˆู†ู‡ ูˆูŠูƒูˆู† ุจูŠุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ actins only without
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:17:50,250 --> 00:17:59,010
727
+ myosin light and dark bands give skeletal and
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:17:59,010 --> 00:18:03,790
731
+ cardiac muscle their striated appearance ู„ุฐู„ูƒ
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:18:03,790 --> 00:18:08,800
735
+ ุณู…ูŠู†ุงุงู„ู€ Cardiac ูˆ ุงู„ู€ skeletal muscle ุงู„ู€
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:18:08,800 --> 00:18:14,000
739
+ striated muscle ุงู„ุงุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุทุทุฉ ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฎุทุทู‡ู… ุงู„
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:18:14,000 --> 00:18:19,480
743
+ light ูˆ ุงู„ dark bands of myofibrils ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:18:19,480 --> 00:18:26,940
747
+ ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… A-band ูˆ I-band ููŠ Z-disc ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:18:26,940 --> 00:18:31,060
751
+ dark transverse line ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ I-band ููŠ ุงู„
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:18:31,060 --> 00:18:36,250
755
+ light ูˆ ููŠ Sarcomereit is the functional subunit
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:18:36,250 --> 00:18:43,410
759
+ of contractor apparatus extended from z line to z
760
+
761
+ 191
762
+ 00:18:43,410 --> 00:18:47,250
763
+ line ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู† z ู„ z line ุงู„ z ู‡ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆูŠู† ู‚ู„ู†ุงุŸ
764
+
765
+ 192
766
+ 00:18:47,250 --> 00:18:51,630
767
+ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† dark point ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ eye band ู†ูŠุฌูŠ
768
+
769
+ 193
770
+ 00:18:51,630 --> 00:18:56,120
771
+ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉุŒ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ููŠู‡ุง ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง muscle
772
+
773
+ 194
774
+ 00:18:56,120 --> 00:18:59,260
775
+ fascicles ุงู„ muscle fascicles ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง muscle
776
+
777
+ 195
778
+ 00:18:59,260 --> 00:19:03,620
779
+ fibers ุงู„ muscle fibers ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง ุฃู„ุงู ูˆ ู…ุฆุงุช ู„ุฃู„ุงู
780
+
781
+ 196
782
+ 00:19:03,620 --> 00:19:11,240
783
+ ุงู„ myofibril ุงู„ myofibril ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ููŠู‡ุง dark ููŠู‡ุง
784
+
785
+ 197
786
+ 00:19:11,240 --> 00:19:20,640
787
+ dark dark a band ุจุชุณู…ูˆู‡ู… ุบู…ู‚ูŠู†ูˆ ุงู„ light ุงู„ูุงุชุญ
788
+
789
+ 198
790
+ 00:19:20,640 --> 00:19:28,980
791
+ ู‡ุฐุง I band light ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ light ู„ I band ููŠ Z disk
792
+
793
+ 199
794
+ 00:19:28,980 --> 00:19:34,020
795
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ Z disk ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ Z disk ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ู…ู†ุชุตู ุงู„ I
796
+
797
+ 200
798
+ 00:19:34,020 --> 00:19:39,950
799
+ band ู…ู† Z disk ู„ Z disk ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ุฅูŠุดcircumer
800
+
801
+ 201
802
+ 00:19:39,950 --> 00:19:44,390
803
+ ..circumer ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง functional
804
+
805
+ 202
806
+ 00:19:44,390 --> 00:19:48,290
807
+ ..circumer functional sub unit of contracted
808
+
809
+ 203
810
+ 00:19:48,290 --> 00:19:54,550
811
+ apparatus okay when the muscle fibers is
812
+
813
+ 204
814
+ 00:19:54,550 --> 00:19:59,970
815
+ contracted ู„ู…ุง ูŠุญุฏุซ ุงู†ู‚ุจุงู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ fibers
816
+
817
+ 205
818
+ 00:19:59,970 --> 00:20:05,120
819
+ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉthe length of the sarcomere is short
820
+
821
+ 206
822
+ 00:20:05,120 --> 00:20:10,560
823
+ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู‚ุตูˆุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ sarcomere ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ z ุงู„ู…ุณุงูุฉ ุจูŠู†
824
+
825
+ 207
826
+ 00:20:10,560 --> 00:20:16,020
827
+ ุงู„ z ู„ z ุจุชุฎุณุฑ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุงู†ู‚ุจุงุถ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ and actin
828
+
829
+ 208
830
+ 00:20:16,020 --> 00:20:21,220
831
+ filaments overlap the myosin filament ูˆ ุงู„ actin
832
+
833
+ 209
834
+ 00:20:21,220 --> 00:20:27,700
835
+ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง overlap ู„ู…ู† ู„ุงู„ myosin ููŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุงู„
836
+
837
+ 210
838
+ 00:20:27,700 --> 00:20:31,910
839
+ titin proteinู‡ุฐุง ุชูŠุชู† ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ูŠุญุงูุธ ุนู„ู‰ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
840
+
841
+ 211
842
+ 00:20:31,910 --> 00:20:36,770
843
+ ุงู„ู…ูŠูˆุณูŠู† ูˆุงู„ุงูƒุชู† ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ูŠุญุงูุธ ุนู„ู‰
844
+
845
+ 212
846
+ 00:20:36,770 --> 00:20:44,470
847
+ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู…ูŠูˆุณูŠู† ูˆุงู„ุงูƒุชู† ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† one
848
+
849
+ 213
850
+ 00:20:44,470 --> 00:20:49,950
851
+ end of the titin molecule is elastic and is
852
+
853
+ 214
854
+ 00:20:49,950 --> 00:20:55,280
855
+ attached to the z diskูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ .. ุงู„
856
+
857
+ 215
858
+ 00:20:55,280 --> 00:20:58,800
859
+ .. ุงู„ titanium protein ุชู…ุงู… ู‡ุฐุง ููŠู‡ zip disk
860
+
861
+ 216
862
+ 00:20:58,800 --> 00:21:04,380
863
+ attached ู„ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ zip acting as feeling and changing
864
+
865
+ 217
866
+ 00:21:04,380 --> 00:21:08,960
867
+ length as sarcomere contract and relax ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุฏู…ุงู„
868
+
869
+ 218
870
+ 00:21:08,960 --> 00:21:16,360
871
+ ุฅูŠุด ู‚ุตูˆุฑ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ุฅู†ู‚ุจุงุถ ุฃูˆ ุทูˆู„ู‡ุง ุจุชุฑุฌุน
872
+
873
+ 219
874
+ 00:21:16,360 --> 00:21:20,920
875
+ ู„ุทูˆู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ูˆ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ rest ูˆ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„
876
+
877
+ 220
878
+ 00:21:20,920 --> 00:21:27,750
879
+ relaxationู‡ู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„
880
+
881
+ 221
882
+ 00:21:27,750 --> 00:21:33,190
883
+ thick filament ุงู„ thick filament ู‡ุฐุง ู…ูŠุณูŠู† ูˆ ุงู„
884
+
885
+ 222
886
+ 00:21:33,190 --> 00:21:39,410
887
+ thin filamentู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Actin ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู†ู‚ุจุงุถ
888
+
889
+ 223
890
+ 00:21:39,410 --> 00:21:45,910
891
+ ุงู„ Actin ุจูŠุนู…ู„ overlap ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูŠุณูŠู† ุจูŠุฏุฎู„ ุนู„ู‰
892
+
893
+ 224
894
+ 00:21:45,910 --> 00:21:51,670
895
+ ุงู„ู…ูŠุณูŠู† ูˆ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู‚ุตูˆุฑ ู„ shortening ู„ ุงู„ muscle
896
+
897
+ 225
898
+ 00:21:51,670 --> 00:21:55,630
899
+ fibers ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุงู„ู‰ ุงู†ู‚ุจุงุถ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆ ู‡ูŠ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ
900
+
901
+ 226
902
+ 00:21:55,630 --> 00:21:56,670
903
+ muscle contraction
904
+
905
+ 227
906
+ 00:21:59,910 --> 00:22:09,630
907
+ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู†
908
+
909
+ 228
910
+ 00:22:09,630 --> 00:22:16,050
911
+ ุชูŠุชู† ุงู„ู…ู„ูŠูƒู„ ู…ุฑุชุจุท
912
+
913
+ 229
914
+ 00:22:16,050 --> 00:22:22,510
915
+ ู…ุน ู…ูŠูˆุณูŠู†ูˆู‡ุฐุง ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนุณุงุณูŠุง ู…ู„ุชุจุงุช ู„ู„ู…ูŠูˆุณูŠู†
916
+
917
+ 230
918
+ 00:22:22,510 --> 00:22:29,110
919
+ ูˆุงู„ุฃูƒุชู† ู†ูุณู‡ุง ุชู…ู„ุงุก overlap ู„ู…ูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูŠูˆุณูŠู†
920
+
921
+ 231
922
+ 00:22:29,110 --> 00:22:31,890
923
+ ูˆูŠุญุฏุซ shortening of the muscle and muscle
924
+
925
+ 232
926
+ 00:22:31,890 --> 00:22:39,150
927
+ contraction molecular characteristics of filaments
928
+
929
+ 233
930
+ 00:22:39,150 --> 00:22:44,030
931
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ myosin and actin ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ู‡ุง ุงู„
932
+
933
+ 234
934
+ 00:22:44,030 --> 00:22:52,010
935
+ myofibrilู…ูŠุณูŠู† ู…ู„ูŠูƒู„ ู‡ูˆ thick filament ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
936
+
937
+ 235
938
+ 00:22:52,010 --> 00:22:58,530
939
+ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ thick filament ุงู„ .. it composed of six
940
+
941
+ 236
942
+ 00:22:58,530 --> 00:23:05,990
943
+ polypeptide polypeptide chain ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงุชู†ูŠู† heavy
944
+
945
+ 237
946
+ 00:23:05,990 --> 00:23:12,420
947
+ chain ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ headูˆ ุงู„ tail ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ head
948
+
949
+ 238
950
+ 00:23:12,420 --> 00:23:16,960
951
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู†ุง ุงู„ head ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ tail ู‡ุฏูˆู„ too heavy ูˆุงุญุฏ
952
+
953
+ 239
954
+ 00:23:16,960 --> 00:23:21,580
955
+ ุฃุฒุฑู‚ ูˆ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฃุญู…ุฑ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู† ุงู„ tail ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ tail
956
+
957
+ 240
958
+ 00:23:21,580 --> 00:23:26,300
959
+ ุงูˆ ุงู„ tail ูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู† ุงู„ head ุจุชุงุนู‡ู… ู‡ุฏูˆู„ too heavy
960
+
961
+ 241
962
+ 00:23:26,990 --> 00:23:35,130
963
+ and for light chain ูˆ 4 light ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ู„ู„
964
+
965
+ 242
966
+ 00:23:35,130 --> 00:23:40,650
967
+ head of a molecule ุงูˆ filament ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ
968
+
969
+ 243
970
+ 00:23:40,650 --> 00:23:47,050
971
+ ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุชู…ุงู… ูˆ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุณูู„ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„
972
+
973
+ 244
974
+ 00:23:47,050 --> 00:23:52,640
975
+ myosin head functionsูˆุงุถูŠูุชู‡ ุงู„ myosin head ู†ูุณ
976
+
977
+ 245
978
+ 00:23:52,640 --> 00:23:58,340
979
+ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ ATP enzyme ู†ูุณ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ ATP ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ
980
+
981
+ 246
982
+ 00:23:58,340 --> 00:24:04,240
983
+ ุจุฅูุฑุงุฒ ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ ุทูŠุจ ุงู†ุง ุงุชูƒู„ู…ุช ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
984
+
985
+ 247
986
+ 00:24:04,240 --> 00:24:08,660
987
+ myosin molecule ุงู„ุงู† ุงู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ actin filament
988
+
989
+ 248
990
+ 00:24:08,660 --> 00:24:13,020
991
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ู‚ู„ู†ุงู„ูƒู… ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ thick filament ู‡ูˆ ุงู„
992
+
993
+ 249
994
+ 00:24:13,020 --> 00:24:19,590
995
+ myosinู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ thin moleculeุŸ ู‡ูˆ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ acting
996
+
997
+ 250
998
+ 00:24:19,590 --> 00:24:25,610
999
+ ุงู„ acting ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† composed of actin,
1000
+
1001
+ 251
1002
+ 00:24:26,650 --> 00:24:31,790
1003
+ tropomyosin ูˆ Tropanin involved in muscle
1004
+
1005
+ 252
1006
+ 00:24:31,790 --> 00:24:36,710
1007
+ contraction and other important cellular processes
1008
+
1009
+ 253
1010
+ 00:24:36,710 --> 00:24:40,950
1011
+ ู‡ุฐุง ูƒู„ู‡ ูŠุชุจุฑ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ acting filaments ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ thin
1012
+
1013
+ 254
1014
+ 00:24:40,950 --> 00:24:48,350
1015
+ filamentsุฏุงุฎู„ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุน ุงู„ุชุฑุงุจูˆ ู…ูŠุงุณูŠู†
1016
+
1017
+ 255
1018
+ 00:24:48,350 --> 00:24:56,350
1019
+ ุชุฑุงุจูˆ ู…ูŠุงุณูŠู† ุงู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุดูˆุญุชู„ูƒู… ุชุฑูƒูŠุจุฉ ุงู„ muscle ูˆ
1020
+
1021
+ 256
1022
+ 00:24:56,350 --> 00:25:01,550
1023
+ ุชุฑูƒูŠุจุฉ ุงู„ muscle fibers ูˆ ุงู„ myofibrils ุงู„ุงู†
1024
+
1025
+ 257
1026
+ 00:25:01,550 --> 00:25:07,010
1027
+ ุจู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ receptors ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ muscle ููŠ
1028
+
1029
+ 258
1030
+ 00:25:07,010 --> 00:25:12,490
1031
+ ุงู†ุง muscle spindlesare found in all striated
1032
+
1033
+ 259
1034
+ 00:25:12,490 --> 00:25:19,590
1035
+ muscle ูู†ุดู† ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ู… monitoring muscle length ุงูˆ
1036
+
1037
+ 260
1038
+ 00:25:19,590 --> 00:25:25,970
1039
+ stretch ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงูˆู„ ุดูŠ ููŠู‡ ุงู†ู‡ุง muscle spindles ูˆููŠู‡
1040
+
1041
+ 261
1042
+ 00:25:25,970 --> 00:25:33,650
1043
+ golgi tendon organsู‡ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุนุถู„ุงุช ุนุถู„ุฉ
1044
+
1045
+ 262
1046
+ 00:25:33,650 --> 00:25:38,410
1047
+ ู‚ุฑูŠุจุฉ ู…ู† ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ
1048
+
1049
+ 263
1050
+ 00:25:38,410 --> 00:25:41,970
1051
+ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ
1052
+
1053
+ 264
1054
+ 00:25:41,970 --> 00:25:43,010
1055
+ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ
1056
+
1057
+ 265
1058
+ 00:25:43,010 --> 00:25:43,890
1059
+ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ
1060
+
1061
+ 266
1062
+ 00:25:43,890 --> 00:25:44,530
1063
+ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ
1064
+
1065
+ 267
1066
+ 00:25:44,530 --> 00:25:44,770
1067
+ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ
1068
+
1069
+ 268
1070
+ 00:25:44,770 --> 00:25:49,680
1071
+ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุฃูˆู„ ู†ูˆุน ุงุณู…ู‡ muscle spindles ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1072
+
1073
+ 269
1074
+ 00:25:49,680 --> 00:25:53,980
1075
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ muscle strength ุจุงู„ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆุงู„ู†ูˆุน
1076
+
1077
+ 270
1078
+ 00:25:53,980 --> 00:25:58,040
1079
+ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ Golgi tendon organs ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู‚ุฑูŠุจ ู„ู„
1080
+
1081
+ 271
1082
+ 00:25:58,040 --> 00:26:01,620
1083
+ tendon of the muscle ูˆุถูŠูุชู‡ monitoring of muscle
1084
+
1085
+ 272
1086
+ 00:26:01,620 --> 00:26:02,460
1087
+ contraction
1088
+
1089
+ 273
1090
+ 00:26:05,210 --> 00:26:08,050
1091
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ ู†ูุณู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต ู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ receptor ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1092
+
1093
+ 274
1094
+ 00:26:08,050 --> 00:26:10,910
1095
+ ู‡ูˆ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ู… muscle spindles ุทุจ ูˆ ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ
1096
+
1097
+ 275
1098
+ 00:26:10,910 --> 00:26:14,730
1099
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ tendons ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ุง Golgi tendon
1100
+
1101
+ 276
1102
+ 00:26:14,730 --> 00:26:18,910
1103
+ organs ุงู„ golgi tendon organs ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„
1104
+
1105
+ 277
1106
+ 00:26:18,910 --> 00:26:23,410
1107
+ muscle contraction ุฃู…ุง muscle spindles ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ
1108
+
1109
+ 278
1110
+ 00:26:23,410 --> 00:26:28,230
1111
+ ุจุงู„ length and stretch of the muscle ู‡ู†ุง ุฌุงุจู„ู†ุง
1112
+
1113
+ 279
1114
+ 00:26:28,230 --> 00:26:33,550
1115
+ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ biceps muscle ู†ุชุงุฌุฑ ู„ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ
1116
+
1117
+ 280
1118
+ 00:26:34,800 --> 00:26:39,820
1119
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ mechanism of skeletal muscle contraction
1120
+
1121
+ 281
1122
+ 00:26:39,820 --> 00:26:45,380
1123
+ ูƒูŠู‡ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ muscle contractionุŸ ููŠ action potential
1124
+
1125
+ 282
1126
+ 00:26:45,380 --> 00:26:51,480
1127
+ ุงู„ action potential travels along a motor nerve
1128
+
1129
+ 283
1130
+ 00:26:51,480 --> 00:26:56,360
1131
+ ุจุชูŠุฌูŠ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ nerve impulse ู…ุน ุงู„ motor nerve
1132
+
1133
+ 284
1134
+ 00:26:56,360 --> 00:27:02,680
1135
+ fibers ุจุชุตู„ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ endings of muscle fibers ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„
1136
+
1137
+ 285
1138
+ 00:27:02,680 --> 00:27:06,720
1139
+ neuromuscular junctionู„ุญุฏ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ Neuromuscular
1140
+
1141
+ 286
1142
+ 00:27:06,720 --> 00:27:14,420
1143
+ junction at each ending ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ู†ูŠุฑู ุณูŠูƒุฑูŠุชุฒ
1144
+
1145
+ 287
1146
+ 00:27:14,420 --> 00:27:21,120
1147
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฑูŠุณูŠู†ุจุชูƒ ุจุชู… ุฅุฎุฑุงุฌ ุงู„ neurotransmitters
1148
+
1149
+ 288
1150
+ 00:27:21,120 --> 00:27:25,720
1151
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ู…ูŠู†ุŸ Acetylcholine ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ
1152
+
1153
+ 289
1154
+ 00:27:25,720 --> 00:27:31,180
1155
+ vesicles ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„acetylcholine ุจุชุชุญุฏ ู…ุน
1156
+
1157
+ 290
1158
+ 00:27:31,180 --> 00:27:36,940
1159
+ ุงู„acetylcholine receptorsูˆููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุนู…ู„
1160
+
1161
+ 291
1162
+ 00:27:36,940 --> 00:27:43,300
1163
+ stimulation ู„ู„ opening of sodium channels ููŠ
1164
+
1165
+ 292
1166
+ 00:27:43,300 --> 00:27:47,740
1167
+ ุณุงุฑูƒูˆู„ูŠู…ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠู‚ุฏูŠ ู„ action potential action
1168
+
1169
+ 293
1170
+ 00:27:47,740 --> 00:27:51,260
1171
+ potential ูŠู…ูƒู† ุชุชู… ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ depolarization
1172
+
1173
+ 294
1174
+ 00:27:51,260 --> 00:27:59,060
1175
+ ุงู„ action potential ุจู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ ุงู„ muscle fibers
1176
+
1177
+ 295
1178
+ 00:28:01,680 --> 00:28:07,340
1179
+ ุจุตู„ุฉ Transverse Tube ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง T-Tubule ุฃูˆ T-Tube
1180
+
1181
+ 296
1182
+ 00:28:07,340 --> 00:28:13,000
1183
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Sarcoplasmic Reticulum System ู‡ุฐุง
1184
+
1185
+ 297
1186
+ 00:28:13,000 --> 00:28:18,100
1187
+ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุนู…ู„ Calcium Relays Channels ููŠ ุงู„
1188
+
1189
+ 298
1190
+ 00:28:18,100 --> 00:28:22,920
1191
+ Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ Opening of
1192
+
1193
+ 299
1194
+ 00:28:22,920 --> 00:28:28,240
1195
+ Calcium Channels ูˆุงุญู†ุง ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุงู„ calcium ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง ู„
1196
+
1197
+ 300
1198
+ 00:28:28,240 --> 00:28:33,200
1199
+ contraction of the muscleู‡ุฐุง ุฑุงุญ ูŠู‚ุฏ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„
1200
+
1201
+ 301
1202
+ 00:28:33,200 --> 00:28:38,480
1203
+ opening of calcium channels ูˆูŠู‚ุฏ ุฅู„ู‰ a opening of
1204
+
1205
+ 302
1206
+ 00:28:38,480 --> 00:28:47,440
1207
+ calcium to diffuse rapidly in the sarcoplasm ุฏุฎู„ูŠ
1208
+
1209
+ 303
1210
+ 00:28:47,440 --> 00:28:51,080
1211
+ ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ sarcoplasm ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ุจุชุญุฏ ู…ุน
1212
+
1213
+ 304
1214
+ 00:28:51,080 --> 00:28:56,520
1215
+ ุงู„ุชุฑูˆุจูˆู†ูŠู† ุจูŠู‚ุฏ ุฅู„ู‰ change ููŠ its shape ุจุชุงุน
1216
+
1217
+ 305
1218
+ 00:28:56,520 --> 00:29:01,950
1219
+ ุงู„ุชุฑูˆุจูˆู†ูŠู†ู…ุน ุญุฑูƒุฉ ู„ู„ู€ Tropomyosin ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
1220
+
1221
+ 306
1222
+ 00:29:01,950 --> 00:29:08,140
1223
+ Actins ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ thin filaments ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑุงู„ู‰
1224
+
1225
+ 307
1226
+ 00:29:08,140 --> 00:29:13,760
1227
+ ุชุบูŠุฑุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ thin actin ูˆ ุงู„ thick myosin ุจุญุฏุซ
1228
+
1229
+ 308
1230
+ 00:29:13,760 --> 00:29:19,480
1231
+ overlap ู„ ุงู„ actins ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ myosin ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠู‚ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู‰
1232
+
1233
+ 309
1234
+ 00:29:19,480 --> 00:29:26,580
1235
+ shortening of the muscle fibers and myofibril ูˆ ู„
1236
+
1237
+ 310
1238
+ 00:29:26,580 --> 00:29:31,130
1239
+ muscle contraction muscle ุงูŠู‡ contractionู‡ุฐู‡
1240
+
1241
+ 311
1242
+ 00:29:31,130 --> 00:29:34,150
1243
+ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู†ู‡ุง ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ presynaptic
1244
+
1245
+ 312
1246
+ 00:29:34,150 --> 00:29:39,630
1247
+ ูˆุณุท ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ุน nerve fibers ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ููŠู‡ vesicles
1248
+
1249
+ 313
1250
+ 00:29:39,630 --> 00:29:44,070
1251
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ vesicles ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠู‡ุง acetylcholine ุงู„
1252
+
1253
+ 314
1254
+ 00:29:44,070 --> 00:29:47,190
1255
+ acetylcholine ุจุชู… ุฅูุฑุงุฒู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ presynaptic
1256
+
1257
+ 315
1258
+ 00:29:47,190 --> 00:29:51,810
1259
+ vesiclesููŠู‡ุง ู†ูŠุฑูˆ ุชุฑุงู†ุณู…ุชุฑ ุงุณู…ู‡ Acetylcholine ุชู…
1260
+
1261
+ 316
1262
+ 00:29:51,810 --> 00:29:54,870
1263
+ ุฅูุฑุงุฒ ุฅู† ุงู„ู€ neurotransmitter ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1264
+
1265
+ 317
1266
+ 00:29:54,870 --> 00:29:59,410
1267
+ Acetylcholine ู‡ุฐุง ุจุชุญุฏ ุงู„ Acetylcholine ู…ุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1268
+
1269
+ 318
1270
+ 00:29:59,410 --> 00:30:04,470
1271
+ Acetylcholine ุงู„ุฑูŠุณุจุชูˆุฑุฒ ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฏุฎูˆู„ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู„ ุงู„
1272
+
1273
+ 319
1274
+ 00:30:04,470 --> 00:30:08,790
1275
+ muscle fibers ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุญุฏุซ opening ู„ ุงู„
1276
+
1277
+ 320
1278
+ 00:30:08,790 --> 00:30:13,670
1279
+ sodium channel ูˆ ุจุชุญุฏุซ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ depolarization
1280
+
1281
+ 321
1282
+ 00:30:13,960 --> 00:30:17,720
1283
+ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุฑุงุญ ุชู†ุชู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ nerve fibers ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„
1284
+
1285
+ 322
1286
+ 00:30:17,720 --> 00:30:18,640
1287
+ muscle fibers
1288
+
1289
+ 323
1290
+ 00:30:21,080 --> 00:30:27,420
1291
+ action potential ุจูŠุชู… ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู†ู‡ ุฏุฎูˆู„ ู„ T tube ุงูˆ T
1292
+
1293
+ 324
1294
+ 00:30:27,420 --> 00:30:32,880
1295
+ tubule ุงู„ุฎุถุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1296
+
1297
+ 325
1298
+ 00:30:32,880 --> 00:30:38,860
1299
+ opening of calcium channel ุงู„ calcium channel ุฑุงุญ
1300
+
1301
+ 326
1302
+ 00:30:38,860 --> 00:30:43,320
1303
+ ูŠููˆุช ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณุงุฑูƒูˆู„ูŠู…ุง ูˆูŠุนู…ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ muscle
1304
+
1305
+ 327
1306
+ 00:30:43,320 --> 00:30:48,040
1307
+ contraction ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู†ู‡ุง okay ู‡ูŠ ูƒุฏู‡
1308
+
1309
+ 328
1310
+ 00:30:48,040 --> 00:30:53,130
1311
+ ุดุฑุญู†ุงููŠ ุงุฎุชุตุงุฑ ููŠ slideูŠู† ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ muscle
1312
+
1313
+ 329
1314
+ 00:30:53,130 --> 00:30:59,050
1315
+ contraction ุทุจ what is the mechanism of skeletal
1316
+
1317
+ 330
1318
+ 00:30:59,050 --> 00:31:03,710
1319
+ muscle relaxationุŸ muscle relaxation after muscle
1320
+
1321
+ 331
1322
+ 00:31:03,710 --> 00:31:10,350
1323
+ contraction ุจุชุญุฏุซ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ stop ูˆ closure ู„ ุงู„
1324
+
1325
+ 332
1326
+ 00:31:10,350 --> 00:31:14,090
1327
+ potassium ูˆ ุงู„ sodium channelsููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡
1328
+
1329
+ 333
1330
+ 00:31:14,090 --> 00:31:17,210
1331
+ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ุง ุฑุงุญ ุชู†ุชู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ nerve fibers ู„ู„ muscle
1332
+
1333
+ 334
1334
+ 00:31:17,210 --> 00:31:20,870
1335
+ ู…ุฏุงู… ู…ุง ุงู†ุชู‚ู„ุชุด ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ nerve fibers ู„ู„
1336
+
1337
+ 335
1338
+ 00:31:20,870 --> 00:31:25,410
1339
+ muscle ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุงู„ closure ู„ ุงู„ calcium
1340
+
1341
+ 336
1342
+ 00:31:25,410 --> 00:31:32,350
1343
+ channels ุจู‚ู„ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ calcium ููŠ ุงู„ sarcolema ููŠ ุงู„
1344
+
1345
+ 337
1346
+ 00:31:32,350 --> 00:31:37,810
1347
+ sarcoplasmic reticulum ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุฑุงุญ ูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ muscle
1348
+
1349
+ 338
1350
+ 00:31:37,810 --> 00:31:45,450
1351
+ relaxation muscle toneSkeletal muscle toneุฅูŠุด ู‡ูŠุŸ
1352
+
1353
+ 339
1354
+ 00:31:45,450 --> 00:31:52,910
1355
+ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† certain amount of fatness remains in a
1356
+
1357
+ 340
1358
+ 00:31:52,910 --> 00:31:55,990
1359
+ muscle at rest ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู†ุง ู„ูˆ ูุญุตุช ุงู„ muscle tone
1360
+
1361
+ 341
1362
+ 00:31:55,990 --> 00:31:58,730
1363
+ ุจุจุญุซ ุจุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุฏู‡ ุงูุญุต ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ elbow
1364
+
1365
+ 342
1366
+ 00:31:58,730 --> 00:32:02,890
1367
+ ุจุชุนู…ู„ passive passive flexion and passive
1368
+
1369
+ 343
1370
+ 00:32:02,890 --> 00:32:06,590
1371
+ extension ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† normal muscle tone ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู†
1372
+
1373
+ 344
1374
+ 00:32:06,590 --> 00:32:10,650
1375
+ muscle hypertonia ุจู„ุงุญุธ ุงูŠู‡ ุชูŠุจุณ ูˆ ุงู†ุง ุจุญุฑูƒ ููŠ
1376
+
1377
+ 345
1378
+ 00:32:10,650 --> 00:32:13,970
1379
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุดุฏ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู…ุนุงูŠุง ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู‡ุฐู‡ muscle hypertonia
1380
+
1381
+ 346
1382
+ 00:32:14,670 --> 00:32:22,630
1383
+ ุงู„ุฑู‚ุต ุงู„ู…ุณู„ุณู„ ูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ ู…ู† ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„
1384
+
1385
+ 347
1386
+ 00:32:22,630 --> 00:32:30,250
1387
+ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„Signal transmitted
1388
+
1389
+ 348
1390
+ 00:32:30,250 --> 00:32:35,830
1391
+ from the brain to the appropriate motor neurons in
1392
+
1393
+ 349
1394
+ 00:32:35,830 --> 00:32:39,910
1395
+ the anterohorses of the spinal cord ุฃูˆ Signal that
1396
+
1397
+ 350
1398
+ 00:32:39,910 --> 00:32:44,950
1399
+ originate in the muscle spindles located in the
1400
+
1401
+ 351
1402
+ 00:32:44,950 --> 00:32:48,550
1403
+ muscle itself ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ muscle tone ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุญูƒู… ููŠู‡
1404
+
1405
+ 352
1406
+ 00:32:48,550 --> 00:32:51,170
1407
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ muscle spindles ู†ูุณู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„
1408
+
1409
+ 353
1410
+ 00:32:51,170 --> 00:32:55,570
1411
+ muscle ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ nerve signal ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„
1412
+
1413
+ 354
1414
+ 00:32:55,570 --> 00:32:57,470
1415
+ anterohorses of
1416
+
1417
+ 355
1418
+ 00:33:04,650 --> 00:33:09,470
1419
+ ุฃูˆ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† muscle hypertrophy muscle hypertrophy
1420
+
1421
+ 356
1422
+ 00:33:09,470 --> 00:33:17,200
1423
+ due to reduction of stimulationุจุญุฏุซ decrease ููŠ ุงู„
1424
+
1425
+ 357
1426
+ 00:33:17,200 --> 00:33:22,320
1427
+ muscle mass tone and power ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ู…ุฏุงู… ุญุฏุซ ุฃู…ูˆุฑ ููŠ
1428
+
1429
+ 358
1430
+ 00:33:22,320 --> 00:33:28,580
1431
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุฑุงุญ ูŠู‚ู„ ุงู„ muscle mass ุจุชุงุนู‡ุง ุชู‚ู„ ุญุฌู…ู‡ุง ุงู„
1432
+
1433
+ 359
1434
+ 00:33:28,580 --> 00:33:32,260
1435
+ tone ุจุชุงุนู‡ุง ุฑุงุญ ูŠุชุบูŠุฑ ูˆ ูŠู‚ู„ ูˆ ุงู„ power ุฑุงุญ ูŠุถุนู
1436
+
1437
+ 360
1438
+ 00:33:32,260 --> 00:33:36,690
1439
+ ู‚ูˆุฉ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉmuscle becomes flaccidุŒ ุจุชุญุฏุซ flaccidity
1440
+
1441
+ 361
1442
+ 00:33:36,690 --> 00:33:42,590
1443
+ ููŠ ุงู„ muscle fibers ูˆ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ decrease ููŠ ุงู„ size of
1444
+
1445
+ 362
1446
+ 00:33:42,590 --> 00:33:47,570
1447
+ muscle fibers and becomes weakerุŒ ุจุชุญุฏุซ ุชูƒูˆู† ุถุฑูŠูุฉ
1448
+
1449
+ 363
1450
+ 00:33:47,570 --> 00:33:54,420
1451
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆ ู‚ุฏ ูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ muscle ู‡ูŠุจุทุฑููŠTemporary
1452
+
1453
+ 364
1454
+ 00:33:54,420 --> 00:33:58,680
1455
+ reduction in muscle use ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงู† ู…ู…ูƒู†
1456
+
1457
+ 365
1458
+ 00:33:58,680 --> 00:34:04,120
1459
+ ุถู…ูˆุฑ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ูŠูƒูˆู† ู†ุงุชุฌ ุนู† disuse ุนุฏู… ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู…ุซู„
1460
+
1461
+ 366
1462
+ 00:34:04,120 --> 00:34:07,620
1463
+ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญุทูˆู„ู‡ู… ุฌุจุณ ุงู†ูƒุณุฑุช ุฑุฌู„ ูˆูŠุญุทูˆู„ู‡ ุฌุจุณ ุจุนุฏ
1464
+
1465
+ 367
1466
+ 00:34:07,620 --> 00:34:10,960
1467
+ ุฏู‡ ุจูŠุญุชุงุฌ ุฅูŠุด ุนู„ุงุฌ ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุญุฏุซ
1468
+
1469
+ 368
1470
+ 00:34:10,960 --> 00:34:14,880
1471
+ contraction ููŠ ุงู„ joint ูˆูŠุญุฏุซ ุถุนู ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ูŠุด ุญุฏุซ
1472
+
1473
+ 369
1474
+ 00:34:14,880 --> 00:34:20,720
1475
+ ุถุนู ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนุฏู… ุงู„ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… due to disuse ู…ุซู„
1476
+
1477
+ 370
1478
+ 00:34:20,720 --> 00:34:25,570
1479
+ ู‡ูŠุฏุฑุงุชุฑูˆููŠุงู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ hypertrophy ุจูŠุญุฏุซ increase in
1480
+
1481
+ 371
1482
+ 00:34:25,570 --> 00:34:30,830
1483
+ muscle fiber size ุฎุงุตุฉ
1484
+
1485
+ 372
1486
+ 00:34:30,830 --> 00:34:33,710
1487
+ ููŠ ุงู„ repeative stimulation of muscle fibers
1488
+
1489
+ 373
1490
+ 00:34:33,710 --> 00:34:41,670
1491
+ ู„ู„ู…ูŠุชุฑูˆ ูƒู†ุฏุฑูŠุง ุจุฒูŠุฏ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ glycogen ูˆ ุจุฒูŠุฏ ุงู„
1492
+
1493
+ 374
1494
+ 00:34:41,670 --> 00:34:44,870
1495
+ ability to produce ATP ูˆู…ุง ุฏุงู… ุฒุงุฏ ุงู„ ATP ู…ู…ูƒู†
1496
+
1497
+ 375
1498
+ 00:34:44,870 --> 00:34:49,250
1499
+ ูŠุญุฏุซ ู‡ู†ุง ุชุถุฎู… ููŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉhyperatrophy ู…ุตุฑ
1500
+
1501
+ 376
1502
+ 00:34:49,250 --> 00:34:53,350
1503
+ hyperatrophy ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† true hypertrophy ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชุฏุฎู…
1504
+
1505
+ 377
1506
+ 00:34:53,350 --> 00:34:57,310
1507
+ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠ ุฒูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจูŠู…ุงุฑุณ ุฑูŠุงุถุฉ ุงูˆ ุชูƒูˆู† pseudo
1508
+
1509
+ 378
1510
+ 00:34:57,310 --> 00:35:02,580
1511
+ hypertrophy ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชุฏุฎู… ูƒุงุฐุจู†ุชุฌ ุนู† ุงูŠุดุŸ ุนู†
1512
+
1513
+ 379
1514
+ 00:35:02,580 --> 00:35:07,340
1515
+ Deposition of Fat ู…ุซู„ ู…ุง ุจู†ุดูˆู ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช Duchenne
1516
+
1517
+ 380
1518
+ 00:35:07,340 --> 00:35:09,780
1519
+ Muscular Dystrophy ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุฏู…ูˆุฑ ููŠ
1520
+
1521
+ 381
1522
+ 00:35:09,780 --> 00:35:13,860
1523
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชู„ุงุญุธ ุงู„ Leg Muscles ู…ุชุถุฎู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1524
+
1525
+ 382
1526
+ 00:35:13,860 --> 00:35:17,180
1527
+ ุจูŠุดูˆู ุฑูˆุญุงู† ููŠู‡ุง ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ูƒ ู…ุชุถุฎู…ุฉ ุนุถู„ุชู‡ ู„ุฃ ู‡ูŠ ุถุนูŠูุฉ
1528
+
1529
+ 383
1530
+ 00:35:17,180 --> 00:35:22,500
1531
+ ุฌุฏุง ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู† ู…ูƒุงู† ุงู„ muscle fibers ู…ูƒุงู†
1532
+
1533
+ 384
1534
+ 00:35:22,500 --> 00:35:28,310
1535
+ ุงู„ุฃู†ุณุฌุฉ ุงู„ุนุถู„ูŠุฉุญู„ู„ู†ุง ุฃู†ุณุฌุฉ ุฏู‡ู†ูŠุฉ ุฏู‡ูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡
1536
+
1537
+ 385
1538
+ 00:35:28,310 --> 00:35:34,290
1539
+ ุชุถุฎู… ูƒุงุฐุจ ุชุถุฎู… ุงูŠู‡ ูƒุงุฐุจ ุงูˆ pseudo-hypertrophy ุทูŠุจ
1540
+
1541
+ 386
1542
+ 00:35:34,290 --> 00:35:38,730
1543
+ ู…ุด ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ุจูŠู† muscle hypertrophy and hyperplasia
1544
+
1545
+ 387
1546
+ 00:35:38,730 --> 00:35:43,690
1547
+ muscle hypertrophyIt is a process characterized by
1548
+
1549
+ 388
1550
+ 00:35:43,690 --> 00:35:49,350
1551
+ increased cell volume ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุญุฌู… ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ู„ูƒู†
1552
+
1553
+ 389
1554
+ 00:35:49,350 --> 00:35:56,550
1555
+ hyperplasia ุจูŠุญุฏุซ growth and increase in number of
1556
+
1557
+ 390
1558
+ 00:35:56,550 --> 00:36:00,890
1559
+ cells ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุฒุงุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุง ุญุฏุซ ุชุฏุฎู† ููŠ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง
1560
+
1561
+ 391
1562
+ 00:36:00,890 --> 00:36:05,230
1563
+ ููŠ ุงู„ hypertrophy hyperplasia ุฒุงุฏูˆุง ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง
1564
+
1565
+ 392
1566
+ 00:36:05,230 --> 00:36:13,020
1567
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ูŠุฉุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑุจู„ุงุฒูŠุง ุชุญุฏุซ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุฑุญู…
1568
+
1569
+ 393
1570
+ 00:36:13,020 --> 00:36:19,600
1571
+ ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑุจู„ุงุฒูŠุง ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุฑุญู… ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ
1572
+
1573
+ 394
1574
+ 00:36:19,600 --> 00:36:25,240
1575
+ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑุจู„ุงุฒูŠุง
1576
+
1577
+ 395
1578
+ 00:36:25,240 --> 00:36:25,820
1579
+ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฑุญู… ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑุจู„ุงุฒูŠุง ุจุดูƒู„
1580
+
1581
+ 396
1582
+ 00:36:25,820 --> 00:36:28,780
1583
+ ุนุงู… ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฑุญู… ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑุจู„ุงุฒูŠุง ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ููŠ
1584
+
1585
+ 397
1586
+ 00:36:28,780 --> 00:36:31,640
1587
+ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฑุญู… ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑุจู„ุงุฒูŠุง ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช
1588
+
1589
+ 398
1590
+ 00:36:31,640 --> 00:36:32,600
1591
+ ุงู„ุฑุญู… ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑุจู„ุงุฒูŠุง ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฑุญู…
1592
+
1593
+ 399
1594
+ 00:36:32,600 --> 00:36:35,280
1595
+ ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑุจู„ุงุฒูŠุง ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฑุญู… ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ
1596
+
1597
+ 400
1598
+ 00:36:35,280 --> 00:36:36,100
1599
+ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑุจู„ุงุฒูŠุง ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฑุญู… ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ
1600
+
1601
+ 401
1602
+ 00:36:36,100 --> 00:36:38,730
1603
+ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑุจู„ุงุฒูŠุง ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฑุญู… ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู†ุชูƒู„ู…
1604
+
1605
+ 402
1606
+ 00:36:38,730 --> 00:36:41,210
1607
+ ุนู† ู…ุฑุถ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุงุฎุฏู‡ ููŠ ุณู†ุฉ ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ุฅู† ุถู„ูŠู†ุง ุทูŠุจูŠู† ุงู†
1608
+
1609
+ 403
1610
+ 00:36:41,210 --> 00:36:45,990
1611
+ ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู…ุงูŠุณุชูŠู†ูŠุง ุบุฑูŠูุณ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† autoimmune
1612
+
1613
+ 404
1614
+ 00:36:45,990 --> 00:36:51,250
1615
+ disorder characterized by progressive muscular
1616
+
1617
+ 405
1618
+ 00:36:51,250 --> 00:36:55,360
1619
+ fatigabilityุฃูŠ ู…ุณูƒูˆู„ุงุฑ ูุงุชู‚ุงุจูŠู„ุชูŠุŸ skeletal
1620
+
1621
+ 406
1622
+ 00:36:55,360 --> 00:36:58,040
1623
+ muscular fatigability ุจูŠุตูŠุจ skeletal muscle only
1624
+
1625
+ 407
1626
+ 00:36:58,040 --> 00:37:02,460
1627
+ caused by reduction in the numbers and functions
1628
+
1629
+ 408
1630
+ 00:37:02,460 --> 00:37:07,980
1631
+ of acetylcholine receptors ู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠุญุฏุซ circulation ู„
1632
+
1633
+ 409
1634
+ 00:37:07,980 --> 00:37:10,820
1635
+ antibodiesุŒ ุงู„ antibodies ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชู‚ูˆู… ุจู…ู‡ุงุฌู…ุฉ
1636
+
1637
+ 410
1638
+ 00:37:10,820 --> 00:37:15,800
1639
+ ุงู„acetylcholineู…ุฏุงู… ุชู…ุช ู…ู‡ุงุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุงุณูŠุทุฑุงู„ ูƒู„ูŠู†
1640
+
1641
+ 411
1642
+ 00:37:15,800 --> 00:37:19,660
1643
+ ุฑูŠุณุจุชูˆุฑุฒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ุงู„ nerve impulse ู…ุงุฑุญ ูŠู†ุชู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุงู„
1644
+
1645
+ 412
1646
+ 00:37:19,660 --> 00:37:23,580
1647
+ nerve endings ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ muscle fibers ูˆุจูŠุญุฏุซ
1648
+
1649
+ 413
1650
+ 00:37:23,580 --> 00:37:28,240
1651
+ fatigability ุจู†ุณู…ูŠ ู…ุฑุถ ูˆู‡ู† ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ู…ุฑุถ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ูˆู‡ู†
1652
+
1653
+ 414
1654
+ 00:37:28,240 --> 00:37:33,140
1655
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุชOkay ุงู„ slide ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Duchene
1656
+
1657
+ 415
1658
+ 00:37:33,140 --> 00:37:38,420
1659
+ muscular dystrophy ู‡ุงู† ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ mutation of
1660
+
1661
+ 416
1662
+ 00:37:38,420 --> 00:37:41,620
1663
+ dystrophin gene ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุณู…ูŠ ุฏู…ูˆุน ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ู…ุฑุถ ุฏูˆุฑุงุทูŠ
1664
+
1665
+ 417
1666
+ 00:37:41,620 --> 00:37:45,520
1667
+ ุจุตูŠุจ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุฃู† ุงู„ mutation ุทูุฑุฉ ููŠ ุงู„
1668
+
1669
+ 418
1670
+ 00:37:45,520 --> 00:37:49,740
1671
+ dystrophin gene ุงู„ dystrophin ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง ู„ ุงู„
1672
+
1673
+ 419
1674
+ 00:37:49,740 --> 00:37:54,580
1675
+ muscle function ูŠุนุชุจุฑ large actin bending protein
1676
+
1677
+ 420
1678
+ 00:37:54,580 --> 00:37:59,570
1679
+ located just inside of sarcolemaof the skeletal
1680
+
1681
+ 421
1682
+ 00:37:59,570 --> 00:38:03,750
1683
+ muscle fibers ู…ู‡ู… ู„ู„growth of muscle ู„ู„function
1684
+
1685
+ 422
1686
+ 00:38:03,750 --> 00:38:08,550
1687
+ organization of myofibril ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุจูŠุฃุฏู‰ ุงู„ู‰
1688
+
1689
+ 423
1690
+ 00:38:08,550 --> 00:38:12,410
1691
+ progressive weakness atrophy of the muscle fibers
1692
+
1693
+ 424
1694
+ 00:38:12,410 --> 00:38:16,870
1695
+ ุฃุญูŠุงู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… muscle hypertrophy
1696
+
1697
+ 425
1698
+ 00:38:17,190 --> 00:38:20,970
1699
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… muscular dystrophy type
1700
+
1701
+ 426
1702
+ 00:38:20,970 --> 00:38:25,770
1703
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ูˆุงู„ุฏ ุดูŠุฑ dependent ุนู„ู‰ ุณู† ุงุชู†ุงุดุฑ ุณู†ุฉ
1704
+
1705
+ 427
1706
+ 00:38:25,770 --> 00:38:30,750
1707
+ ุจูŠุญุชุงุฌูˆุง ูƒุฑุณูŠ ู…ุชุญุฑูƒ ุจูŠุนูŠุดูˆุง ู„ุญุฏ ุซู…ุงู†ุชุงุดุฑ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ุณู†ุฉ
1708
+
1709
+ 428
1710
+ 00:38:30,750 --> 00:38:33,830
1711
+ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฃุนู…ุงุฑ ุจูŠุฏ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู…ู† ุฅูŠุด ุจุชูˆููˆุง ุจุชูˆููˆุง ู…ู† ุงู„
1712
+
1713
+ 429
1714
+ 00:38:33,830 --> 00:38:39,270
1715
+ respiratory failure and sepsisู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงุญู†ุง ูˆุตู„ู†ุง
1716
+
1717
+ 430
1718
+ 00:38:39,270 --> 00:38:43,510
1719
+ ู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ุนุดุฑ ูˆูˆุตู„ู†ุง ู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ
1720
+
1721
+ 431
1722
+ 00:38:43,510 --> 00:38:47,550
1723
+ ู…ุตุงู‚ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ neuro anatomy and neurophysiology
1724
+
1725
+ 432
1726
+ 00:38:47,550 --> 00:38:50,630
1727
+ ุฏู…ุชู…
1728
+
1729
+ 433
1730
+ 00:38:50,630 --> 00:38:54,710
1731
+ ุจุฎูŠุฑ ูˆ ุณุงู…ุญูˆู†ุง ุงู† ู‚ุตุฑู†ุง ู…ุนูƒู… ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุงู„ู ุนุงููŠุฉ
1732
+
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@@ -0,0 +1,1736 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:05,210 --> 00:00:10,470
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:10,470 --> 00:00:13,630
7
+ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ุนุดุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ anatomy and physiology
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:13,630 --> 00:00:18,010
11
+ of the motor system part two ุฑุงุญ ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:18,010 --> 00:00:26,170
15
+ muscles skeletal muscle ุฑุงุญ ุฃุจุฏุฃ ุจ motor unit ุฅูŠุด
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:26,170 --> 00:00:32,630
19
+ ู‡ูˆ motor unit it is the functional unit of muscle
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:32,630 --> 00:00:36,170
23
+ contractionูŠุจู‚ู‰ functional unit of muscle
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:36,170 --> 00:00:42,610
27
+ contraction ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ู†ูุณู‡ motor unit it consists of
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:42,610 --> 00:00:48,580
31
+ one alpha motor neuronand the muscle fibers
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:48,580 --> 00:00:54,740
35
+ innervated by its axons ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† muscle fibers
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:54,740 --> 00:01:00,660
39
+ ุจุงุฎุฏู‡ู… ู…ู† ูˆู† Alpha ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ unit ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ motor unit
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:01:00,660 --> 00:01:05,020
43
+ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† muscle fibers ู…ุน alpha motor neuron ู…ุน
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:01:05,020 --> 00:01:11,080
47
+ ุจุนุถ ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ motor unit ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† contraction
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:11,080 --> 00:01:19,510
51
+ of the muscle fibersmuscle tissue ุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฑุญ
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:19,510 --> 00:01:26,710
55
+ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ muscle tissue muscle tissue is the only
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:26,710 --> 00:01:34,790
59
+ one which has the property of contractility ูŠุจู‚ู‰
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:34,790 --> 00:01:40,270
63
+ ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู†ุณุฌุฉ ุจุงู„ุงู†ู‚ุจุงุถ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู†ุณุฌุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:40,270 --> 00:01:45,590
67
+ ู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ุงู†ู‚ุจุงุถ ู‡ูŠ muscle tissueู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุชุฌูŠู†ุง
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:45,590 --> 00:01:54,950
71
+ ุงู„ muscle tissueุŸ ู…ู† mesoderm .. mesoderm ููŠ ู‡ู†ุง
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:54,950 --> 00:02:02,350
75
+ ุซู„ุงุซ ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ู…ู† ุงู„ muscle fibers ูŠุฎุชู„ููˆุง ุนู† ุจุนุถ ู…ู†
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:02:02,350 --> 00:02:06,050
79
+ ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ morphology ูˆ ุงู„ functional
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:02:06,050 --> 00:02:13,760
83
+ characteristics ุงูŠุด ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู†ูˆุงุนุŸ ุงูˆู„ ู†ูˆุนุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:02:13,760 --> 00:02:19,440
87
+ striated muscle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุทุทุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:02:19,440 --> 00:02:25,340
91
+ ู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ skeletal muscles ูˆ cardiac muscle ููŠ
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:25,340 --> 00:02:30,940
95
+ smooth muscles ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู…ู„ุณุงู‚ุฉ ุทุจ ู…ูŠู† ููŠู‡ู…
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:30,940 --> 00:02:35,700
99
+ voluntary ูˆู…ูŠู† ููŠู‡ู… involuntary ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:35,700 --> 00:02:40,340
103
+ ุจูŠุบุถูŠู‡ู… somatic nerves ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง voluntary ุบู…ุถ ุนูŠู†ูŠ
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:40,340 --> 00:02:45,400
107
+ ูุชุญุชุฑูุนุช ุฃูŠุฏูŠ ู†ุฒู„ุชู‡ุง ู‡ุฐุง voluntary ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:45,400 --> 00:02:50,380
111
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุบุฏูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ autonomic nervous system ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:50,380 --> 00:02:54,220
115
+ involuntary ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… cardiac ูˆ smooth muscles
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:54,220 --> 00:02:57,400
119
+ ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง involuntary ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ุงุจู‚ุฏุฑ ูŠุชุญูƒู… ุจุญุฑูƒุฉ
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:57,400 --> 00:03:03,450
123
+ ุงู„ุฃู…ุนุงุกุฃูˆ ุงู„ู…ุนุฏุฉ ู…ุง ุจู‚ุฏุฑ ุงุชุญูƒู… ููŠ ู†ุจุถ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ุงุฒูˆุฏู‡
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:03:03,450 --> 00:03:07,630
127
+ ุงูˆ ุงู‚ู„ู„ู‡ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุนุชุจุฑ involuntary muscles ูŠู‚ูˆู„
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:03:07,630 --> 00:03:10,910
131
+ ุงู„ involuntary muscles ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ุง ุฅูŠุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:03:10,910 --> 00:03:14,350
135
+ cardiac ูˆ smooth ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ุง ุฅูŠุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:14,350 --> 00:03:22,910
139
+ ู‡ูŠ skeletal muscles ููŠ ุฌุณู…ู†ุงุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ููŠ 320 ุฒูŠุงุฌ ู…ู†
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:22,910 --> 00:03:27,990
143
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ูˆ 320 ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ุงูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† 320
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:27,990 --> 00:03:34,470
147
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† 640 skeletal muscle ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ูˆ ุงู„
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:34,470 --> 00:03:39,130
151
+ skeletal muscle ุจุชูƒูˆู†ู†ุง ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ 40 ู„ 50% ู…ู† ูˆุฒู†
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:39,130 --> 00:03:45,540
155
+ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง ุงู„ muscle ุชุดุฑุจwhat's the
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:45,540 --> 00:03:52,800
159
+ functions of skeletal muscles ุงูŠุด ูˆุธูŠูุฉ skeletal
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:52,800 --> 00:03:58,600
163
+ muscles ุงูˆู„ ุดุฆ produce movement of the skeletal
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:58,600 --> 00:04:01,960
167
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ skeleton ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู†
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:04:01,960 --> 00:04:09,440
171
+ ู…ุง ุจู…ุดูŠ ูˆู„ุง ุจุชุญุฑูƒ ุจุฏูˆู† ุนุถู„ุงุช maintain posture and
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:04:09,440 --> 00:04:17,080
175
+ body position ุงู†ุง ุงู„ุขู† ูˆุงู‚ู ุงูˆ ุฌู„ุณุชูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ู‡ุง
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:04:17,080 --> 00:04:20,520
179
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุจุดุฑุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ position ุจุงู„ muscle ุจ skeletal
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:04:20,520 --> 00:04:25,860
183
+ muscles support ุงู„ soft tissue ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ soft
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:25,860 --> 00:04:30,720
187
+ tissue ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:30,720 --> 00:04:35,480
191
+ ุงู„ digestive system urinary other tract ุงู„ heart
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:35,480 --> 00:04:41,280
195
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุจูŠุญู…ูˆุง ุงู„ุฃุนุถุงุก ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠุฉand
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:41,280 --> 00:04:47,300
199
+ maintain body temperature ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุนู„ู‚ ุจregulation of
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:47,300 --> 00:04:51,700
203
+ the body temperature by the contraction of the
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:51,700 --> 00:05:00,360
207
+ muscle what's the properties of skeletal muscle
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:05:00,360 --> 00:05:05,770
211
+ tissueุฃูˆ ุณุคุงู„ ุซุงู†ูŠ what's the characteristics of
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:05:05,770 --> 00:05:09,710
215
+ skeletal muscle tissueุŸ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุตูุงุช ุชุจุน ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:05:09,710 --> 00:05:13,010
219
+ muscle tissue ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ skeletal muscleุŸ ูˆุงุญุฏ
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:05:13,010 --> 00:05:21,330
223
+ excitability ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฑุงู†ูŠุด ability to response
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:05:21,330 --> 00:05:28,290
227
+ to stimulus ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุชุณุชุฌูŠุจ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ู„ stimulus ุซู…ุงู†ูŠ
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:05:28,290 --> 00:05:30,390
231
+ contractility
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:31,540 --> 00:05:36,080
235
+ ุงู„ุงู†ู‚ุจุงุถ it is the ability of produce muscle
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:36,080 --> 00:05:44,280
239
+ contraction ุชู„ุงุซุฉ extensibility ability of muscle
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:44,280 --> 00:05:49,940
243
+ to be stretched ุงู„ stretching of the muscle ุงุฑุจุน
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:49,940 --> 00:05:55,800
247
+ elasticity ุงูŠุด ุงู„ elasticity it is the ability of
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:55,800 --> 00:06:03,950
251
+ muscle to return to its original lengthู…ุชู‰ when
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:06:03,950 --> 00:06:10,270
255
+ tension and contraction is released ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุญุงู„
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:06:10,270 --> 00:06:16,490
259
+ ุงู„ุฅู†ู‚ุจุงุถ ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุงู„ contraction ุจุญุฏุซ ู‚ุตูˆุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:06:16,490 --> 00:06:23,090
263
+ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ rest ู„ุงุฒู… ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุชุฑุฌุน ู„ุฅูŠู‡ ู„ุทูˆู„ู‡ุง
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:06:23,090 --> 00:06:27,150
267
+ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ rest ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ู†ูˆู… ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ rest ููŠ
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:06:27,150 --> 00:06:33,920
271
+ ุงู„ู‡ุฏูˆุกู‡ุฐุง ู…ุง ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง elasticity of the muscle ุงุฎุฑ
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:33,920 --> 00:06:39,260
275
+ ุดุฆ ุงู„ adaptation adaptability ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:39,260 --> 00:06:44,420
279
+ ุจูŠุญุฏุซู„ู‡ุง adaptation ู„ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุงุช ูˆุจุนุถ ุงู„ ุงูŠู‡
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:44,420 --> 00:06:50,140
283
+ ุงู„ู…ุฌู‡ูˆุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ุทูŠุจ ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ connective
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:50,140 --> 00:06:57,120
287
+ tissue ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† skeletal muscle ููŠู‡ ู‡ู†ุง
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:07:01,750 --> 00:07:07,770
291
+ Epimysium ูˆIndomysium ู‡ุฐู‡
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:07:07,770 --> 00:07:13,430
295
+ ุงู„ู€ Epimysium ุชุนุชุจุฑ external stretch ุงูˆ external
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:07:13,430 --> 00:07:20,150
299
+ sheath ุชุนุชุจุฑ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุชุนุชุจุฑ external sheath of dense
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:07:20,150 --> 00:07:27,330
303
+ irregular surround the inter muscle ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:07:27,330 --> 00:07:35,400
307
+ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุชู…ุงู…ุŸูˆcontains large nerve, arteries and
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:07:35,400 --> 00:07:42,840
311
+ lymphatic vessels ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ piramidia had surrounded
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:07:42,840 --> 00:07:48,420
315
+ each bundle of muscle fibers ูุงู„ุณูƒุฑุฉ ุฑุญ ู†ุดุฑุญูƒู…
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:07:48,420 --> 00:07:54,500
319
+ ู…ุนุงู‡ุง ุดูˆูŠุฉ it is penetrated by nerve, arteries and
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:54,500 --> 00:07:59,650
323
+ lymphatic vesselsุทุจ endomysium ุชุนุชุจุฑ reticular
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:59,650 --> 00:08:05,870
327
+ fibers surround the external lamina covers the
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:08:05,870 --> 00:08:22,530
331
+ muscle as whole ูŠุจู‚ู‰
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:08:22,530 --> 00:08:25,090
335
+ ู†ู‡ุงุฆูŠุฉ ุงู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:08:28,560 --> 00:08:37,480
339
+ ูŠุจู…ูŠุฒูŠูˆู…ุŒ ุจูŠุฑูŠู† ูˆ ุฃู†ุฏูˆู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ connective
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:08:37,480 --> 00:08:43,020
343
+ tissue around the skeletal muscles ููŠ three layers
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:08:43,020 --> 00:08:50,180
347
+ ููŠ ุงุจู…ูŠุฒูŠูˆู… ูˆ ููŠ ุจูŠุฑูŠู†ู…ูŠุฒูŠูˆู… ูˆ ููŠ ุฃู†ุฏูˆู…ูŠุฒูŠูˆู… ุงู„ุงุจ
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:08:50,180 --> 00:08:55,680
351
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฎุงุฑุฌ it is external sheetof dense regula
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:08:55,680 --> 00:09:02,460
355
+ surround and cover the muscle as a whole ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:09:02,460 --> 00:09:08,480
359
+ ุงู„ุบู†ุงู ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุงู„
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:09:08,480 --> 00:09:14,700
363
+ puri ู…ู…ูŠุฒุฉ surround each of muscle fascicle ู‡ุฐุง
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:09:14,700 --> 00:09:20,030
367
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุฅูŠุจูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ุงู†ุฏูˆุจูŠุบุทูŠู†ุง ูˆ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู†ุง
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:09:20,030 --> 00:09:27,090
371
+ ุบู„ุงู ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ูุงุณูŠูƒู„ of muscle ูˆ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ bending
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:09:27,090 --> 00:09:33,270
375
+ ู„ุฃ ุงู„ูุงุณูŠูƒู„ together ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ nerves,
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:09:33,850 --> 00:09:39,130
379
+ arteries and lymphatic vessels ุฃุฎุฑ ุฌุฒุฆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:09:39,130 --> 00:09:44,370
383
+ endomysia ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูˆูŠู† ุชุนุชุจุฑ delicate soft tissue
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:09:44,370 --> 00:09:50,450
387
+ ุฃูˆ soft membranecover the specialized skeletal
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:09:50,450 --> 00:09:54,630
391
+ muscle fibers ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู†ุฏูˆ ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠ ูˆ ุจูŠุบู„ู
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:09:54,630 --> 00:09:58,770
395
+ ุงู„ muscle fibers ูˆ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ููŠู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ nerve
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:09:58,770 --> 00:10:03,430
399
+ fibers ูˆ arteries ูˆ lymphatic vessels ุฒู‰ ู…ุง ุญู†ุง
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:10:03,430 --> 00:10:09,540
403
+ ุดุงูŠููŠู† ู‡ุงู† ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ ipamezia ูˆ ุจูŠุตู„ุญ ุญุฏ ุงู„ุชู†ุฏู†ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:10:09,540 --> 00:10:13,520
407
+ ุบู„ุงู ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ูู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ perimesium ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:10:13,520 --> 00:10:19,020
411
+ ุบู„ุงู ู„ูุณูŠูƒู„ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูุณูŠูƒู„ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆ ูู‰ ู‡ู†ุง
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:10:19,020 --> 00:10:25,800
415
+ endomesium ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุบู„ุงู ู„ู…ู†ุŸ ู„ู€ muscle fibers ูŠุจู‚ู‰
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:10:25,800 --> 00:10:31,700
419
+ ุงู† ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ peri ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠ endo ูˆ
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:10:31,700 --> 00:10:36,660
423
+ epimesium ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุบู„ุงู ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠ
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:10:44,000 --> 00:10:50,460
427
+ ุงู„ุงู† ุจุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ definition of skeletal muscle
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:10:50,460 --> 00:10:56,420
431
+ skeletal muscle is composed of numerous muscle
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:10:56,420 --> 00:11:02,080
435
+ fibers ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ skeletal muscle ููŠู‡ุง fasticles ูˆุงู„
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:11:02,080 --> 00:11:07,980
439
+ fasticles ููŠู‡ุง muscle fibers each muscle fibers
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:11:07,980 --> 00:11:15,710
443
+ usually innervated by only one nerve endingsู‡ุฐุง
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:11:15,710 --> 00:11:21,990
447
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ุงู„ motor unit the muscle fibers is surround
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:11:21,990 --> 00:11:30,570
451
+ by a thin membrane ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ุง sarcolema sarco a lema
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:11:30,570 --> 00:11:37,010
455
+ each muscle fiberscontains several hundred to
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:11:37,010 --> 00:11:42,390
459
+ several thousand myofibril ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ muscle fibers
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:11:42,390 --> 00:11:49,550
463
+ ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ุง ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ุฆุงุช ูˆ ุฃู„ุงู ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ myofibril ูŠุนู†ูŠ
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:11:49,550 --> 00:11:54,290
467
+ fiber muscle fiber fibril ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุตุบุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ muscle
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:11:54,290 --> 00:12:02,500
471
+ fibers each myofibril is composed of aboutone
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:12:02,500 --> 00:12:06,080
475
+ thousand five hundred myosin filament ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ููŠู‡ุง
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:12:06,080 --> 00:12:09,660
479
+ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู ูˆ ุฎู…ุณู…ุงุฆุฉ myosin filament ูˆ ููŠู‡ุง ุซู„ุงุซุฉ
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:12:09,660 --> 00:12:16,020
483
+ ุขู„ุงู actin filament ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ myosin ูˆ ุงู„ actin ูˆ ู‡ู…
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:12:16,020 --> 00:12:19,840
487
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ muscle contraction ูˆ ู‡ู… ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ muscle
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:12:19,840 --> 00:12:24,380
491
+ contraction cytoplasma ููŠ ุงู„ muscle ุงุณู…ู‡ุง
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:12:24,380 --> 00:12:30,690
495
+ sarcoplasmaSmooth endoplasmic reticulum ุงุณู…ู‡ุง
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:12:30,690 --> 00:12:34,390
499
+ Sarcoplasmic reticulum Cell membrane ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:12:34,390 --> 00:12:39,070
503
+ external lamina ููŠ ุงู„ muscle ุงุณู…ู‡ุง Sarcolema ูŠุฌุจ
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:12:39,070 --> 00:12:44,310
507
+ ุงู† ู†ู„ุงุญุธู‡ ุงู† ุงู„ muscle ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง several muscle
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:12:44,310 --> 00:12:48,010
511
+ bundle ุงูˆ fascicles ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ุงู„ muscle ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:12:48,010 --> 00:12:52,550
515
+ muscle fascicles ุทุจ ุงู„ muscle fascicles ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:12:52,550 --> 00:12:58,350
519
+ several muscle fibersุทุจ ุงู„ muscle fiber ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:12:58,350 --> 00:13:07,910
523
+ ู…ุฆุงุช ู„ุฃู„ุงู myofibrils ุทุจ ุงู„ myofibrils ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:13:07,910 --> 00:13:14,490
527
+ ูˆ ุฎู…ุณู…ุงุฆุฉ ู…ูŠุงุณูŠู† ูˆ ุซู„ุงุซ ุฃู„ุงู actin filament ุงู„ู„ูŠ
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:13:14,490 --> 00:13:19,670
531
+ ู„ุงุฒู…ูŠู† ู„ muscle contraction ูˆุงุถุญุŸ ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุงู„ muscle
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:13:19,670 --> 00:13:23,700
535
+ ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง muscle fascicleุงู„ muscle fascicle ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:13:23,700 --> 00:13:26,220
539
+ muscle fibers ุงู„ muscle fibers ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงู„
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:13:26,220 --> 00:13:29,320
543
+ myofibril ุงู„ myofibril ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงู„ myosin ูˆ ุงู„
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:13:29,320 --> 00:13:33,160
547
+ actins ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ู…ู‡ู…ูŠู† ู„ ุงู„ muscle contractivity
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:13:33,160 --> 00:13:40,140
551
+ ู‡ุงู†ูŠ muscle ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ muscle ููŠู‡ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:13:40,140 --> 00:13:46,100
555
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… fascicles ุงู„ fascicles ุจูŠุนุทูˆู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:13:46,100 --> 00:13:52,350
559
+ muscle fibersุงู„ muscle fibers ุจูŠุนุทูˆู†ุง myofibril ุงู„
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:13:52,350 --> 00:13:57,370
563
+ myofibril ููŠู‡ุง actin ูˆ myosin ููŠู‡ุง myosin ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู…
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:13:57,370 --> 00:14:02,630
567
+ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง 1500 ูˆ actin 3000 ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ muscle
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:14:02,630 --> 00:14:07,270
571
+ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง muscle bundle ุงูˆ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง muscle fascicle ุงูˆ
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:14:07,270 --> 00:14:10,470
575
+ muscle fascicle ุงู„ muscle fascicle ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง muscle
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:14:10,470 --> 00:14:15,570
579
+ fibers ุงู„ muscle fibers ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง myofibrilู…ุฆุงุช
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:14:15,570 --> 00:14:19,910
583
+ ู„ุฃู„ุงู ุงู„ myofibrils ุงู„ myofibrils ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง actins
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:14:19,910 --> 00:14:27,030
587
+ and myosin ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… 1500 ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ myosin ูˆ 3000 actins
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:14:27,030 --> 00:14:33,570
591
+ ุงู„ู…ู‡ู…ูŠู† ู„ู€ muscle contractionmuscle ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง muscle
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:14:33,570 --> 00:14:36,410
595
+ fascicles muscle fascicles ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง muscle fibers
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:14:36,410 --> 00:14:38,770
599
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ cells ุงู„ muscle fibers ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:14:38,770 --> 00:14:42,510
603
+ myofibrils ุงู„ myofibrils ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง thick ูˆ thin
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:14:42,510 --> 00:14:48,870
607
+ filaments ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… myosin and actin ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ muscle
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:14:48,870 --> 00:14:58,140
611
+ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู‡ุง ุงูŠุจูŠู…ูŠุฒูŠุงุจุนุฏูŠู† ุงู„ูุงุณูŠูƒู„ุฒ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู…
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:14:58,140 --> 00:15:03,200
615
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง pyrimesium ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู†ู‡ู… ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ pyrimesium ู‡ุฐู‡
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:15:03,200 --> 00:15:09,920
619
+ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงู„ูุงุณูŠูƒู„ุฒ ุงู„ูุงุณูŠูƒู„ุฒ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:15:09,920 --> 00:15:14,360
623
+ muscle fibers ุงู„ muscle fibers ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู‡ู… ุบู„ุงู ุงุณู…ู‡
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:15:14,360 --> 00:15:19,820
627
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ endomyosin endomyosin ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ endomyosin
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:15:19,820 --> 00:15:23,080
631
+ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงู„ muscle fibers
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:15:28,310 --> 00:15:34,770
635
+ cycoplasma is the
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:15:34,770 --> 00:15:41,450
639
+ intracellular fluid located between myofibrils
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:15:41,450 --> 00:15:44,870
643
+ ูˆุฅูŠุด
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:15:44,870 --> 00:15:50,800
647
+ ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ contains electrolytesุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู…ุŒ ู…ุบู†ูŠุฒูŠูˆู…ุŒ
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:15:50,800 --> 00:15:57,900
651
+ ุณูˆู„ูุงุชุŒ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ูŠู†ุฒุงูŠู… ูˆู…ุนุงู†ุงุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุชูˆ
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:15:57,900 --> 00:16:03,700
655
+ ูƒูˆู†ุฏุฑูŠุงู„ ู…ุนุงู†ุงุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุชูˆ ูƒูˆู†ุฏุฑูŠุงู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุนุงู†ุงุฉ
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:16:03,700 --> 00:16:14,340
659
+ ุชุฏูุน ู…ูŠูˆููŠุจุฑูŠู„ุงุช ู…ุน ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงู†ูŠุฑุด ุญุณู†ุง ุณุงุฑูƒูˆ
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:16:14,340 --> 00:16:19,170
663
+ ุจู„ุงุฒู…ุงุชูŠูƒ ุฑูŠุชูŠูƒูˆู„ุงู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„regulation of
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:16:19,170 --> 00:16:23,630
667
+ calcium storage ู„ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ calcium storage release
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:16:23,630 --> 00:16:29,770
671
+ and reoptic ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู‡ู… ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ุงู„ู…ุตู„ contraction ู„ ุงู„
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:16:29,770 --> 00:16:34,350
675
+ contractivity function of the muscle ุงู†ุง ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:16:34,350 --> 00:16:40,890
679
+ ุงู„ organization of the muscle fibersุงุชูุงู‚ู†ุง ุงู† ุงู„
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:16:40,890 --> 00:16:47,210
683
+ muscle fibers ููŠู‡ ู…ุฆุงุช ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ุงู myofibril ูˆ ุงู„
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:16:47,210 --> 00:16:52,430
687
+ myofibril ูŠุนุชุจุฑ long cylindrical filament bundle
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:16:52,430 --> 00:16:58,390
691
+ ุฏุงุฎู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ myofibril ููŠู‡ myosin ุงู„ู ูˆ ุฎู…ุณู…ูŠุฉ ูˆ ููŠ
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:16:58,390 --> 00:17:05,430
695
+ ุงู„actin ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุซู„ุงุซ ุฃู„ุงู ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:17:05,430 --> 00:17:11,750
699
+ ููŠู‡ู… a band ูˆ I bandุงู„ู€ A-band ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ dark bands
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:17:11,750 --> 00:17:20,290
703
+ on myofibril ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ myosin filament ูˆ ุฃูƒุชูŠู† ุจู†ุชู‡ูŠ
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:17:20,290 --> 00:17:28,790
707
+ ุจุงู„ุฃูƒุชูŠู† ุงู„ I-band it is light bands ูุงุชุญ ู„ูˆู†ู‡ ูู‚ุท
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:17:28,790 --> 00:17:33,350
711
+ contains ุฃูƒุชูŠู† ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ A-band ูˆ I
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:17:33,350 --> 00:17:39,570
715
+ -band ุงู„ A-band dark ุบุงู…ู‚ูˆุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ myosin mainly ูˆููŠ
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:17:39,570 --> 00:17:45,610
719
+ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ููŠู‡ actin filaments ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ eye band light
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:17:45,610 --> 00:17:50,250
723
+ ูุงุชุญ ู„ูˆู†ู‡ ูˆูŠูƒูˆู† ุจูŠุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ actins only without
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:17:50,250 --> 00:17:59,010
727
+ myosin light and dark bands give skeletal and
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:17:59,010 --> 00:18:03,790
731
+ cardiac muscle their striated appearance ู„ุฐู„ูƒ
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:18:03,790 --> 00:18:08,800
735
+ ุณู…ูŠู†ุงุงู„ู€ Cardiac ูˆ ุงู„ู€ skeletal muscle ุงู„ู€
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:18:08,800 --> 00:18:14,000
739
+ striated muscle ุงู„ุงุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุทุทุฉ ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฎุทุทู‡ู… ุงู„
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:18:14,000 --> 00:18:19,480
743
+ light ูˆ ุงู„ dark bands of myofibrils ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:18:19,480 --> 00:18:26,940
747
+ ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… A-band ูˆ I-band ููŠ Z-disc ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:18:26,940 --> 00:18:31,060
751
+ dark transverse line ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ I-band ููŠ ุงู„
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:18:31,060 --> 00:18:36,250
755
+ light ูˆ ููŠ Sarcomereit is the functional subunit
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:18:36,250 --> 00:18:43,410
759
+ of contractor apparatus extended from z line to z
760
+
761
+ 191
762
+ 00:18:43,410 --> 00:18:47,250
763
+ line ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู† z ู„ z line ุงู„ z ู‡ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆูŠู† ู‚ู„ู†ุงุŸ
764
+
765
+ 192
766
+ 00:18:47,250 --> 00:18:51,630
767
+ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† dark point ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ eye band ู†ูŠุฌูŠ
768
+
769
+ 193
770
+ 00:18:51,630 --> 00:18:56,120
771
+ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉุŒ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ููŠู‡ุง ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง muscle
772
+
773
+ 194
774
+ 00:18:56,120 --> 00:18:59,260
775
+ fascicles ุงู„ muscle fascicles ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง muscle
776
+
777
+ 195
778
+ 00:18:59,260 --> 00:19:03,620
779
+ fibers ุงู„ muscle fibers ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง ุฃู„ุงู ูˆ ู…ุฆุงุช ู„ุฃู„ุงู
780
+
781
+ 196
782
+ 00:19:03,620 --> 00:19:11,240
783
+ ุงู„ myofibril ุงู„ myofibril ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ููŠู‡ุง dark ููŠู‡ุง
784
+
785
+ 197
786
+ 00:19:11,240 --> 00:19:20,640
787
+ dark dark a band ุจุชุณู…ูˆู‡ู… ุบู…ู‚ูŠู†ูˆ ุงู„ light ุงู„ูุงุชุญ
788
+
789
+ 198
790
+ 00:19:20,640 --> 00:19:28,980
791
+ ู‡ุฐุง I band light ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ light ู„ I band ููŠ Z disk
792
+
793
+ 199
794
+ 00:19:28,980 --> 00:19:34,020
795
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ Z disk ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ Z disk ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ู…ู†ุชุตู ุงู„ I
796
+
797
+ 200
798
+ 00:19:34,020 --> 00:19:39,950
799
+ band ู…ู† Z disk ู„ Z disk ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ุฅูŠุดcircumer
800
+
801
+ 201
802
+ 00:19:39,950 --> 00:19:44,390
803
+ ..circumer ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง functional
804
+
805
+ 202
806
+ 00:19:44,390 --> 00:19:48,290
807
+ ..circumer functional sub unit of contracted
808
+
809
+ 203
810
+ 00:19:48,290 --> 00:19:54,550
811
+ apparatus okay when the muscle fibers is
812
+
813
+ 204
814
+ 00:19:54,550 --> 00:19:59,970
815
+ contracted ู„ู…ุง ูŠุญุฏุซ ุงู†ู‚ุจุงู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ fibers
816
+
817
+ 205
818
+ 00:19:59,970 --> 00:20:05,120
819
+ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉthe length of the sarcomere is short
820
+
821
+ 206
822
+ 00:20:05,120 --> 00:20:10,560
823
+ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู‚ุตูˆุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ sarcomere ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ z ุงู„ู…ุณุงูุฉ ุจูŠู†
824
+
825
+ 207
826
+ 00:20:10,560 --> 00:20:16,020
827
+ ุงู„ z ู„ z ุจุชุฎุณุฑ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุงู†ู‚ุจุงุถ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ and actin
828
+
829
+ 208
830
+ 00:20:16,020 --> 00:20:21,220
831
+ filaments overlap the myosin filament ูˆ ุงู„ actin
832
+
833
+ 209
834
+ 00:20:21,220 --> 00:20:27,700
835
+ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง overlap ู„ู…ู† ู„ุงู„ myosin ููŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุงู„
836
+
837
+ 210
838
+ 00:20:27,700 --> 00:20:31,910
839
+ titin proteinู‡ุฐุง ุชูŠุชู† ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ูŠุญุงูุธ ุนู„ู‰ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
840
+
841
+ 211
842
+ 00:20:31,910 --> 00:20:36,770
843
+ ุงู„ู…ูŠูˆุณูŠู† ูˆุงู„ุงูƒุชู† ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ูŠุญุงูุธ ุนู„ู‰
844
+
845
+ 212
846
+ 00:20:36,770 --> 00:20:44,470
847
+ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู…ูŠูˆุณูŠู† ูˆุงู„ุงูƒุชู† ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† one
848
+
849
+ 213
850
+ 00:20:44,470 --> 00:20:49,950
851
+ end of the titin molecule is elastic and is
852
+
853
+ 214
854
+ 00:20:49,950 --> 00:20:55,280
855
+ attached to the z diskูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ .. ุงู„
856
+
857
+ 215
858
+ 00:20:55,280 --> 00:20:58,800
859
+ .. ุงู„ titanium protein ุชู…ุงู… ู‡ุฐุง ููŠู‡ zip disk
860
+
861
+ 216
862
+ 00:20:58,800 --> 00:21:04,380
863
+ attached ู„ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ zip acting as feeling and changing
864
+
865
+ 217
866
+ 00:21:04,380 --> 00:21:08,960
867
+ length as sarcomere contract and relax ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุฏู…ุงู„
868
+
869
+ 218
870
+ 00:21:08,960 --> 00:21:16,360
871
+ ุฅูŠุด ู‚ุตูˆุฑ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ุฅู†ู‚ุจุงุถ ุฃูˆ ุทูˆู„ู‡ุง ุจุชุฑุฌุน
872
+
873
+ 219
874
+ 00:21:16,360 --> 00:21:20,920
875
+ ู„ุทูˆู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ูˆ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ rest ูˆ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„
876
+
877
+ 220
878
+ 00:21:20,920 --> 00:21:27,750
879
+ relaxationู‡ู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„
880
+
881
+ 221
882
+ 00:21:27,750 --> 00:21:33,190
883
+ thick filament ุงู„ thick filament ู‡ุฐุง ู…ูŠุณูŠู† ูˆ ุงู„
884
+
885
+ 222
886
+ 00:21:33,190 --> 00:21:39,410
887
+ thin filamentู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Actin ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู†ู‚ุจุงุถ
888
+
889
+ 223
890
+ 00:21:39,410 --> 00:21:45,910
891
+ ุงู„ Actin ุจูŠุนู…ู„ overlap ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูŠุณูŠู† ุจูŠุฏุฎู„ ุนู„ู‰
892
+
893
+ 224
894
+ 00:21:45,910 --> 00:21:51,670
895
+ ุงู„ู…ูŠุณูŠู† ูˆ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู‚ุตูˆุฑ ู„ shortening ู„ ุงู„ muscle
896
+
897
+ 225
898
+ 00:21:51,670 --> 00:21:55,630
899
+ fibers ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุงู„ู‰ ุงู†ู‚ุจุงุถ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆ ู‡ูŠ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ
900
+
901
+ 226
902
+ 00:21:55,630 --> 00:21:56,670
903
+ muscle contraction
904
+
905
+ 227
906
+ 00:21:59,910 --> 00:22:09,630
907
+ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู†
908
+
909
+ 228
910
+ 00:22:09,630 --> 00:22:16,050
911
+ ุชูŠุชู† ุงู„ู…ู„ูŠูƒู„ ู…ุฑุชุจุท
912
+
913
+ 229
914
+ 00:22:16,050 --> 00:22:22,510
915
+ ู…ุน ู…ูŠูˆุณูŠู†ูˆู‡ุฐุง ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนุณุงุณูŠุง ู…ู„ุชุจุงุช ู„ู„ู…ูŠูˆุณูŠู†
916
+
917
+ 230
918
+ 00:22:22,510 --> 00:22:29,110
919
+ ูˆุงู„ุฃูƒุชู† ู†ูุณู‡ุง ุชู…ู„ุงุก overlap ู„ู…ูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูŠูˆุณูŠู†
920
+
921
+ 231
922
+ 00:22:29,110 --> 00:22:31,890
923
+ ูˆูŠุญุฏุซ shortening of the muscle and muscle
924
+
925
+ 232
926
+ 00:22:31,890 --> 00:22:39,150
927
+ contraction molecular characteristics of filaments
928
+
929
+ 233
930
+ 00:22:39,150 --> 00:22:44,030
931
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ myosin and actin ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ู‡ุง ุงู„
932
+
933
+ 234
934
+ 00:22:44,030 --> 00:22:52,010
935
+ myofibrilู…ูŠุณูŠู† ู…ู„ูŠูƒู„ ู‡ูˆ thick filament ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
936
+
937
+ 235
938
+ 00:22:52,010 --> 00:22:58,530
939
+ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ thick filament ุงู„ .. it composed of six
940
+
941
+ 236
942
+ 00:22:58,530 --> 00:23:05,990
943
+ polypeptide polypeptide chain ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงุชู†ูŠู† heavy
944
+
945
+ 237
946
+ 00:23:05,990 --> 00:23:12,420
947
+ chain ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ headูˆ ุงู„ tail ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ head
948
+
949
+ 238
950
+ 00:23:12,420 --> 00:23:16,960
951
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู†ุง ุงู„ head ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ tail ู‡ุฏูˆู„ too heavy ูˆุงุญุฏ
952
+
953
+ 239
954
+ 00:23:16,960 --> 00:23:21,580
955
+ ุฃุฒุฑู‚ ูˆ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฃุญู…ุฑ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู† ุงู„ tail ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ tail
956
+
957
+ 240
958
+ 00:23:21,580 --> 00:23:26,300
959
+ ุงูˆ ุงู„ tail ูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู† ุงู„ head ุจุชุงุนู‡ู… ู‡ุฏูˆู„ too heavy
960
+
961
+ 241
962
+ 00:23:26,990 --> 00:23:35,130
963
+ and for light chain ูˆ 4 light ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ู„ู„
964
+
965
+ 242
966
+ 00:23:35,130 --> 00:23:40,650
967
+ head of a molecule ุงูˆ filament ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ
968
+
969
+ 243
970
+ 00:23:40,650 --> 00:23:47,050
971
+ ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุชู…ุงู… ูˆ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุณูู„ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„
972
+
973
+ 244
974
+ 00:23:47,050 --> 00:23:52,640
975
+ myosin head functionsูˆุงุถูŠูุชู‡ ุงู„ myosin head ู†ูุณ
976
+
977
+ 245
978
+ 00:23:52,640 --> 00:23:58,340
979
+ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ ATP enzyme ู†ูุณ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ ATP ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ
980
+
981
+ 246
982
+ 00:23:58,340 --> 00:24:04,240
983
+ ุจุฅูุฑุงุฒ ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ ุทูŠุจ ุงู†ุง ุงุชูƒู„ู…ุช ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
984
+
985
+ 247
986
+ 00:24:04,240 --> 00:24:08,660
987
+ myosin molecule ุงู„ุงู† ุงู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ actin filament
988
+
989
+ 248
990
+ 00:24:08,660 --> 00:24:13,020
991
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ู‚ู„ู†ุงู„ูƒู… ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ thick filament ู‡ูˆ ุงู„
992
+
993
+ 249
994
+ 00:24:13,020 --> 00:24:19,590
995
+ myosinู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ thin moleculeุŸ ู‡ูˆ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ acting
996
+
997
+ 250
998
+ 00:24:19,590 --> 00:24:25,610
999
+ ุงู„ acting ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† composed of actin,
1000
+
1001
+ 251
1002
+ 00:24:26,650 --> 00:24:31,790
1003
+ tropomyosin ูˆ Tropanin involved in muscle
1004
+
1005
+ 252
1006
+ 00:24:31,790 --> 00:24:36,710
1007
+ contraction and other important cellular processes
1008
+
1009
+ 253
1010
+ 00:24:36,710 --> 00:24:40,950
1011
+ ู‡ุฐุง ูƒู„ู‡ ูŠุชุจุฑ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ acting filaments ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ thin
1012
+
1013
+ 254
1014
+ 00:24:40,950 --> 00:24:48,350
1015
+ filamentsุฏุงุฎู„ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุน ุงู„ุชุฑุงุจูˆ ู…ูŠุงุณูŠู†
1016
+
1017
+ 255
1018
+ 00:24:48,350 --> 00:24:56,350
1019
+ ุชุฑุงุจูˆ ู…ูŠุงุณูŠู† ุงู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุดูˆุญุชู„ูƒู… ุชุฑูƒูŠุจุฉ ุงู„ muscle ูˆ
1020
+
1021
+ 256
1022
+ 00:24:56,350 --> 00:25:01,550
1023
+ ุชุฑูƒูŠุจุฉ ุงู„ muscle fibers ูˆ ุงู„ myofibrils ุงู„ุงู†
1024
+
1025
+ 257
1026
+ 00:25:01,550 --> 00:25:07,010
1027
+ ุจู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ receptors ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ muscle ููŠ
1028
+
1029
+ 258
1030
+ 00:25:07,010 --> 00:25:12,490
1031
+ ุงู†ุง muscle spindlesare found in all striated
1032
+
1033
+ 259
1034
+ 00:25:12,490 --> 00:25:19,590
1035
+ muscle ูู†ุดู† ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ู… monitoring muscle length ุงูˆ
1036
+
1037
+ 260
1038
+ 00:25:19,590 --> 00:25:25,970
1039
+ stretch ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงูˆู„ ุดูŠ ููŠู‡ ุงู†ู‡ุง muscle spindles ูˆููŠู‡
1040
+
1041
+ 261
1042
+ 00:25:25,970 --> 00:25:33,650
1043
+ golgi tendon organsู‡ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุนุถู„ุงุช ุนุถู„ุฉ
1044
+
1045
+ 262
1046
+ 00:25:33,650 --> 00:25:38,410
1047
+ ู‚ุฑูŠุจุฉ ู…ู† ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ
1048
+
1049
+ 263
1050
+ 00:25:38,410 --> 00:25:41,970
1051
+ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ
1052
+
1053
+ 264
1054
+ 00:25:41,970 --> 00:25:43,010
1055
+ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ
1056
+
1057
+ 265
1058
+ 00:25:43,010 --> 00:25:43,890
1059
+ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ
1060
+
1061
+ 266
1062
+ 00:25:43,890 --> 00:25:44,530
1063
+ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ
1064
+
1065
+ 267
1066
+ 00:25:44,530 --> 00:25:44,530
1067
+ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ
1068
+
1069
+ 268
1070
+ 00:25:44,530 --> 00:25:44,770
1071
+ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ
1072
+
1073
+ 269
1074
+ 00:25:44,770 --> 00:25:49,680
1075
+ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนุฃูˆู„ ู†ูˆุน ุงุณู…ู‡ muscle spindles ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1076
+
1077
+ 270
1078
+ 00:25:49,680 --> 00:25:53,980
1079
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ muscle strength ุจุงู„ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆุงู„ู†ูˆุน
1080
+
1081
+ 271
1082
+ 00:25:53,980 --> 00:25:58,040
1083
+ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ Golgi tendon organs ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู‚ุฑูŠุจ ู„ู„
1084
+
1085
+ 272
1086
+ 00:25:58,040 --> 00:26:01,620
1087
+ tendon of the muscle ูˆุถูŠูุชู‡ monitoring of muscle
1088
+
1089
+ 273
1090
+ 00:26:01,620 --> 00:26:02,460
1091
+ contraction
1092
+
1093
+ 274
1094
+ 00:26:05,210 --> 00:26:08,050
1095
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ ู†ูุณู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต ู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ receptor ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1096
+
1097
+ 275
1098
+ 00:26:08,050 --> 00:26:10,910
1099
+ ู‡ูˆ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ู… muscle spindles ุทุจ ูˆ ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ
1100
+
1101
+ 276
1102
+ 00:26:10,910 --> 00:26:14,730
1103
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ tendons ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ุง Golgi tendon
1104
+
1105
+ 277
1106
+ 00:26:14,730 --> 00:26:18,910
1107
+ organs ุงู„ golgi tendon organs ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„
1108
+
1109
+ 278
1110
+ 00:26:18,910 --> 00:26:23,410
1111
+ muscle contraction ุฃู…ุง muscle spindles ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ
1112
+
1113
+ 279
1114
+ 00:26:23,410 --> 00:26:28,230
1115
+ ุจุงู„ length and stretch of the muscle ู‡ู†ุง ุฌุงุจู„ู†ุง
1116
+
1117
+ 280
1118
+ 00:26:28,230 --> 00:26:33,550
1119
+ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ biceps muscle ู†ุชุงุฌุฑ ู„ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ
1120
+
1121
+ 281
1122
+ 00:26:34,800 --> 00:26:39,820
1123
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ mechanism of skeletal muscle contraction
1124
+
1125
+ 282
1126
+ 00:26:39,820 --> 00:26:45,380
1127
+ ูƒูŠู‡ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ muscle contractionุŸ ููŠ action potential
1128
+
1129
+ 283
1130
+ 00:26:45,380 --> 00:26:51,480
1131
+ ุงู„ action potential travels along a motor nerve
1132
+
1133
+ 284
1134
+ 00:26:51,480 --> 00:26:56,360
1135
+ ุจุชูŠุฌูŠ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ nerve impulse ู…ุน ุงู„ motor nerve
1136
+
1137
+ 285
1138
+ 00:26:56,360 --> 00:27:02,680
1139
+ fibers ุจุชุตู„ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ endings of muscle fibers ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„
1140
+
1141
+ 286
1142
+ 00:27:02,680 --> 00:27:06,720
1143
+ neuromuscular junctionู„ุญุฏ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ Neuromuscular
1144
+
1145
+ 287
1146
+ 00:27:06,720 --> 00:27:14,420
1147
+ junction at each ending ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ู†ูŠุฑู ุณูŠูƒุฑูŠุชุฒ
1148
+
1149
+ 288
1150
+ 00:27:14,420 --> 00:27:21,120
1151
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฑูŠุณูŠู†ุจุชูƒ ุจุชู… ุฅุฎุฑุงุฌ ุงู„ neurotransmitters
1152
+
1153
+ 289
1154
+ 00:27:21,120 --> 00:27:25,720
1155
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ู…ูŠู†ุŸ Acetylcholine ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ
1156
+
1157
+ 290
1158
+ 00:27:25,720 --> 00:27:31,180
1159
+ vesicles ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„acetylcholine ุจุชุชุญุฏ ู…ุน
1160
+
1161
+ 291
1162
+ 00:27:31,180 --> 00:27:36,940
1163
+ ุงู„acetylcholine receptorsูˆููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุนู…ู„
1164
+
1165
+ 292
1166
+ 00:27:36,940 --> 00:27:43,300
1167
+ stimulation ู„ู„ opening of sodium channels ููŠ
1168
+
1169
+ 293
1170
+ 00:27:43,300 --> 00:27:47,740
1171
+ ุณุงุฑูƒูˆู„ูŠู…ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠู‚ุฏูŠ ู„ action potential action
1172
+
1173
+ 294
1174
+ 00:27:47,740 --> 00:27:51,260
1175
+ potential ูŠู…ูƒู† ุชุชู… ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ depolarization
1176
+
1177
+ 295
1178
+ 00:27:51,260 --> 00:27:59,060
1179
+ ุงู„ action potential ุจู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ ุงู„ muscle fibers
1180
+
1181
+ 296
1182
+ 00:28:01,680 --> 00:28:07,340
1183
+ ุจุตู„ุฉ Transverse Tube ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง T-Tubule ุฃูˆ T-Tube
1184
+
1185
+ 297
1186
+ 00:28:07,340 --> 00:28:13,000
1187
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Sarcoplasmic Reticulum System ู‡ุฐุง
1188
+
1189
+ 298
1190
+ 00:28:13,000 --> 00:28:18,100
1191
+ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุนู…ู„ Calcium Relays Channels ููŠ ุงู„
1192
+
1193
+ 299
1194
+ 00:28:18,100 --> 00:28:22,920
1195
+ Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ Opening of
1196
+
1197
+ 300
1198
+ 00:28:22,920 --> 00:28:28,240
1199
+ Calcium Channels ูˆุงุญู†ุง ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุงู„ calcium ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง ู„
1200
+
1201
+ 301
1202
+ 00:28:28,240 --> 00:28:33,200
1203
+ contraction of the muscleู‡ุฐุง ุฑุงุญ ูŠู‚ุฏ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„
1204
+
1205
+ 302
1206
+ 00:28:33,200 --> 00:28:38,480
1207
+ opening of calcium channels ูˆูŠู‚ุฏ ุฅู„ู‰ a opening of
1208
+
1209
+ 303
1210
+ 00:28:38,480 --> 00:28:47,440
1211
+ calcium to diffuse rapidly in the sarcoplasm ุฏุฎู„ูŠ
1212
+
1213
+ 304
1214
+ 00:28:47,440 --> 00:28:51,080
1215
+ ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ sarcoplasm ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ุจุชุญุฏ ู…ุน
1216
+
1217
+ 305
1218
+ 00:28:51,080 --> 00:28:56,520
1219
+ ุงู„ุชุฑูˆุจูˆู†ูŠู† ุจูŠู‚ุฏ ุฅู„ู‰ change ููŠ its shape ุจุชุงุน
1220
+
1221
+ 306
1222
+ 00:28:56,520 --> 00:29:01,950
1223
+ ุงู„ุชุฑูˆุจูˆู†ูŠู†ู…ุน ุญุฑูƒุฉ ู„ู„ู€ Tropomyosin ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
1224
+
1225
+ 307
1226
+ 00:29:01,950 --> 00:29:08,140
1227
+ Actins ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ thin filaments ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑุงู„ู‰
1228
+
1229
+ 308
1230
+ 00:29:08,140 --> 00:29:13,760
1231
+ ุชุบูŠุฑุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ thin actin ูˆ ุงู„ thick myosin ุจุญุฏุซ
1232
+
1233
+ 309
1234
+ 00:29:13,760 --> 00:29:19,480
1235
+ overlap ู„ ุงู„ actins ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ myosin ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠู‚ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู‰
1236
+
1237
+ 310
1238
+ 00:29:19,480 --> 00:29:26,580
1239
+ shortening of the muscle fibers and myofibril ูˆ ู„
1240
+
1241
+ 311
1242
+ 00:29:26,580 --> 00:29:31,130
1243
+ muscle contraction muscle ุงูŠู‡ contractionู‡ุฐู‡
1244
+
1245
+ 312
1246
+ 00:29:31,130 --> 00:29:34,150
1247
+ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู†ู‡ุง ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ presynaptic
1248
+
1249
+ 313
1250
+ 00:29:34,150 --> 00:29:39,630
1251
+ ูˆุณุท ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ุน nerve fibers ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ููŠู‡ vesicles
1252
+
1253
+ 314
1254
+ 00:29:39,630 --> 00:29:44,070
1255
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ vesicles ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠู‡ุง acetylcholine ุงู„
1256
+
1257
+ 315
1258
+ 00:29:44,070 --> 00:29:47,190
1259
+ acetylcholine ุจุชู… ุฅูุฑุงุฒู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ presynaptic
1260
+
1261
+ 316
1262
+ 00:29:47,190 --> 00:29:51,810
1263
+ vesiclesููŠู‡ุง ู†ูŠุฑูˆ ุชุฑุงู†ุณู…ุชุฑ ุงุณู…ู‡ Acetylcholine ุชู…
1264
+
1265
+ 317
1266
+ 00:29:51,810 --> 00:29:54,870
1267
+ ุฅูุฑุงุฒ ุฅู† ุงู„ู€ neurotransmitter ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1268
+
1269
+ 318
1270
+ 00:29:54,870 --> 00:29:59,410
1271
+ Acetylcholine ู‡ุฐุง ุจุชุญุฏ ุงู„ Acetylcholine ู…ุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1272
+
1273
+ 319
1274
+ 00:29:59,410 --> 00:30:04,470
1275
+ Acetylcholine ุงู„ุฑูŠุณุจุชูˆุฑุฒ ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฏุฎูˆู„ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู„ ุงู„
1276
+
1277
+ 320
1278
+ 00:30:04,470 --> 00:30:08,790
1279
+ muscle fibers ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุญุฏุซ opening ู„ ุงู„
1280
+
1281
+ 321
1282
+ 00:30:08,790 --> 00:30:13,670
1283
+ sodium channel ูˆ ุจุชุญุฏุซ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ depolarization
1284
+
1285
+ 322
1286
+ 00:30:13,960 --> 00:30:17,720
1287
+ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุฑุงุญ ุชู†ุชู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ nerve fibers ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„
1288
+
1289
+ 323
1290
+ 00:30:17,720 --> 00:30:18,640
1291
+ muscle fibers
1292
+
1293
+ 324
1294
+ 00:30:21,080 --> 00:30:27,420
1295
+ action potential ุจูŠุชู… ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู†ู‡ ุฏุฎูˆู„ ู„ T tube ุงูˆ T
1296
+
1297
+ 325
1298
+ 00:30:27,420 --> 00:30:32,880
1299
+ tubule ุงู„ุฎุถุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1300
+
1301
+ 326
1302
+ 00:30:32,880 --> 00:30:38,860
1303
+ opening of calcium channel ุงู„ calcium channel ุฑุงุญ
1304
+
1305
+ 327
1306
+ 00:30:38,860 --> 00:30:43,320
1307
+ ูŠููˆุช ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณุงุฑูƒูˆู„ูŠู…ุง ูˆูŠุนู…ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ muscle
1308
+
1309
+ 328
1310
+ 00:30:43,320 --> 00:30:48,040
1311
+ contraction ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู†ู‡ุง okay ู‡ูŠ ูƒุฏู‡
1312
+
1313
+ 329
1314
+ 00:30:48,040 --> 00:30:53,130
1315
+ ุดุฑุญู†ุงููŠ ุงุฎุชุตุงุฑ ููŠ slideูŠู† ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ muscle
1316
+
1317
+ 330
1318
+ 00:30:53,130 --> 00:30:59,050
1319
+ contraction ุทุจ what is the mechanism of skeletal
1320
+
1321
+ 331
1322
+ 00:30:59,050 --> 00:31:03,710
1323
+ muscle relaxationุŸ muscle relaxation after muscle
1324
+
1325
+ 332
1326
+ 00:31:03,710 --> 00:31:10,350
1327
+ contraction ุจุชุญุฏุซ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ stop ูˆ closure ู„ ุงู„
1328
+
1329
+ 333
1330
+ 00:31:10,350 --> 00:31:14,090
1331
+ potassium ูˆ ุงู„ sodium channelsููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡
1332
+
1333
+ 334
1334
+ 00:31:14,090 --> 00:31:17,210
1335
+ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ุง ุฑุงุญ ุชู†ุชู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ nerve fibers ู„ู„ muscle
1336
+
1337
+ 335
1338
+ 00:31:17,210 --> 00:31:20,870
1339
+ ู…ุฏุงู… ู…ุง ุงู†ุชู‚ู„ุชุด ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ nerve fibers ู„ู„
1340
+
1341
+ 336
1342
+ 00:31:20,870 --> 00:31:25,410
1343
+ muscle ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุงู„ closure ู„ ุงู„ calcium
1344
+
1345
+ 337
1346
+ 00:31:25,410 --> 00:31:32,350
1347
+ channels ุจู‚ู„ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ calcium ููŠ ุงู„ sarcolema ููŠ ุงู„
1348
+
1349
+ 338
1350
+ 00:31:32,350 --> 00:31:37,810
1351
+ sarcoplasmic reticulum ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุฑุงุญ ูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ muscle
1352
+
1353
+ 339
1354
+ 00:31:37,810 --> 00:31:45,450
1355
+ relaxation muscle toneSkeletal muscle toneุฅูŠุด ู‡ูŠุŸ
1356
+
1357
+ 340
1358
+ 00:31:45,450 --> 00:31:52,910
1359
+ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† certain amount of fatness remains in a
1360
+
1361
+ 341
1362
+ 00:31:52,910 --> 00:31:55,990
1363
+ muscle at rest ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู†ุง ู„ูˆ ูุญุตุช ุงู„ muscle tone
1364
+
1365
+ 342
1366
+ 00:31:55,990 --> 00:31:58,730
1367
+ ุจุจุญุซ ุจุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุฏู‡ ุงูุญุต ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ elbow
1368
+
1369
+ 343
1370
+ 00:31:58,730 --> 00:32:02,890
1371
+ ุจุชุนู…ู„ passive passive flexion and passive
1372
+
1373
+ 344
1374
+ 00:32:02,890 --> 00:32:06,590
1375
+ extension ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† normal muscle tone ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู†
1376
+
1377
+ 345
1378
+ 00:32:06,590 --> 00:32:10,650
1379
+ muscle hypertonia ุจู„ุงุญุธ ุงูŠู‡ ุชูŠุจุณ ูˆ ุงู†ุง ุจุญุฑูƒ ููŠ
1380
+
1381
+ 346
1382
+ 00:32:10,650 --> 00:32:13,970
1383
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุดุฏ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู…ุนุงูŠุง ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู‡ุฐู‡ muscle hypertonia
1384
+
1385
+ 347
1386
+ 00:32:14,670 --> 00:32:22,630
1387
+ ุงู„ุฑู‚ุต ุงู„ู…ุณู„ุณู„ ูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ ู…ู† ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„
1388
+
1389
+ 348
1390
+ 00:32:22,630 --> 00:32:30,250
1391
+ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุนู‚ู„Signal transmitted
1392
+
1393
+ 349
1394
+ 00:32:30,250 --> 00:32:35,830
1395
+ from the brain to the appropriate motor neurons in
1396
+
1397
+ 350
1398
+ 00:32:35,830 --> 00:32:39,910
1399
+ the anterohorses of the spinal cord ุฃูˆ Signal that
1400
+
1401
+ 351
1402
+ 00:32:39,910 --> 00:32:44,950
1403
+ originate in the muscle spindles located in the
1404
+
1405
+ 352
1406
+ 00:32:44,950 --> 00:32:48,550
1407
+ muscle itself ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ muscle tone ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุญูƒู… ููŠู‡
1408
+
1409
+ 353
1410
+ 00:32:48,550 --> 00:32:51,170
1411
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ muscle spindles ู†ูุณู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„
1412
+
1413
+ 354
1414
+ 00:32:51,170 --> 00:32:55,570
1415
+ muscle ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ nerve signal ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„
1416
+
1417
+ 355
1418
+ 00:32:55,570 --> 00:32:57,470
1419
+ anterohorses of
1420
+
1421
+ 356
1422
+ 00:33:04,650 --> 00:33:09,470
1423
+ ุฃูˆ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† muscle hypertrophy muscle hypertrophy
1424
+
1425
+ 357
1426
+ 00:33:09,470 --> 00:33:17,200
1427
+ due to reduction of stimulationุจุญุฏุซ decrease ููŠ ุงู„
1428
+
1429
+ 358
1430
+ 00:33:17,200 --> 00:33:22,320
1431
+ muscle mass tone and power ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ู…ุฏุงู… ุญุฏุซ ุฃู…ูˆุฑ ููŠ
1432
+
1433
+ 359
1434
+ 00:33:22,320 --> 00:33:28,580
1435
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุฑุงุญ ูŠู‚ู„ ุงู„ muscle mass ุจุชุงุนู‡ุง ุชู‚ู„ ุญุฌู…ู‡ุง ุงู„
1436
+
1437
+ 360
1438
+ 00:33:28,580 --> 00:33:32,260
1439
+ tone ุจุชุงุนู‡ุง ุฑุงุญ ูŠุชุบูŠุฑ ูˆ ูŠู‚ู„ ูˆ ุงู„ power ุฑุงุญ ูŠุถุนู
1440
+
1441
+ 361
1442
+ 00:33:32,260 --> 00:33:36,690
1443
+ ู‚ูˆุฉ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉmuscle becomes flaccidุŒ ุจุชุญุฏุซ flaccidity
1444
+
1445
+ 362
1446
+ 00:33:36,690 --> 00:33:42,590
1447
+ ููŠ ุงู„ muscle fibers ูˆ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ decrease ููŠ ุงู„ size of
1448
+
1449
+ 363
1450
+ 00:33:42,590 --> 00:33:47,570
1451
+ muscle fibers and becomes weakerุŒ ุจุชุญุฏุซ ุชูƒูˆู† ุถุฑูŠูุฉ
1452
+
1453
+ 364
1454
+ 00:33:47,570 --> 00:33:54,420
1455
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆ ู‚ุฏ ูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ muscle ู‡ูŠุจุทุฑููŠTemporary
1456
+
1457
+ 365
1458
+ 00:33:54,420 --> 00:33:58,680
1459
+ reduction in muscle use ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงู† ู…ู…ูƒู†
1460
+
1461
+ 366
1462
+ 00:33:58,680 --> 00:34:04,120
1463
+ ุถู…ูˆุฑ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ูŠูƒูˆู† ู†ุงุชุฌ ุนู† disuse ุนุฏู… ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู…ุซู„
1464
+
1465
+ 367
1466
+ 00:34:04,120 --> 00:34:07,620
1467
+ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญุทูˆู„ู‡ู… ุฌุจุณ ุงู†ูƒุณุฑุช ุฑุฌู„ ูˆูŠุญุทูˆู„ู‡ ุฌุจุณ ุจุนุฏ
1468
+
1469
+ 368
1470
+ 00:34:07,620 --> 00:34:10,960
1471
+ ุฏู‡ ุจูŠุญุชุงุฌ ุฅูŠุด ุนู„ุงุฌ ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุญุฏุซ
1472
+
1473
+ 369
1474
+ 00:34:10,960 --> 00:34:14,880
1475
+ contraction ููŠ ุงู„ joint ูˆูŠุญุฏุซ ุถุนู ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ูŠุด ุญุฏุซ
1476
+
1477
+ 370
1478
+ 00:34:14,880 --> 00:34:20,720
1479
+ ุถุนู ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนุฏู… ุงู„ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… due to disuse ู…ุซู„
1480
+
1481
+ 371
1482
+ 00:34:20,720 --> 00:34:25,570
1483
+ ู‡ูŠุฏุฑุงุชุฑูˆููŠุงู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ hypertrophy ุจูŠุญุฏุซ increase in
1484
+
1485
+ 372
1486
+ 00:34:25,570 --> 00:34:30,830
1487
+ muscle fiber size ุฎุงุตุฉ
1488
+
1489
+ 373
1490
+ 00:34:30,830 --> 00:34:33,710
1491
+ ููŠ ุงู„ repeative stimulation of muscle fibers
1492
+
1493
+ 374
1494
+ 00:34:33,710 --> 00:34:41,670
1495
+ ู„ู„ู…ูŠุชุฑูˆ ูƒู†ุฏุฑูŠุง ุจุฒูŠุฏ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ glycogen ูˆ ุจุฒูŠุฏ ุงู„
1496
+
1497
+ 375
1498
+ 00:34:41,670 --> 00:34:44,870
1499
+ ability to produce ATP ูˆู…ุง ุฏุงู… ุฒุงุฏ ุงู„ ATP ู…ู…ูƒู†
1500
+
1501
+ 376
1502
+ 00:34:44,870 --> 00:34:49,250
1503
+ ูŠุญุฏุซ ู‡ู†ุง ุชุถุฎู… ููŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉhyperatrophy ู…ุตุฑ
1504
+
1505
+ 377
1506
+ 00:34:49,250 --> 00:34:53,350
1507
+ hyperatrophy ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† true hypertrophy ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชุฏุฎู…
1508
+
1509
+ 378
1510
+ 00:34:53,350 --> 00:34:57,310
1511
+ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠ ุฒูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจูŠู…ุงุฑุณ ุฑูŠุงุถุฉ ุงูˆ ุชูƒูˆู† pseudo
1512
+
1513
+ 379
1514
+ 00:34:57,310 --> 00:35:02,580
1515
+ hypertrophy ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชุฏุฎู… ูƒุงุฐุจู†ุชุฌ ุนู† ุงูŠุดุŸ ุนู†
1516
+
1517
+ 380
1518
+ 00:35:02,580 --> 00:35:07,340
1519
+ Deposition of Fat ู…ุซู„ ู…ุง ุจู†ุดูˆู ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช Duchenne
1520
+
1521
+ 381
1522
+ 00:35:07,340 --> 00:35:09,780
1523
+ Muscular Dystrophy ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุฏู…ูˆุฑ ููŠ
1524
+
1525
+ 382
1526
+ 00:35:09,780 --> 00:35:13,860
1527
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชู„ุงุญุธ ุงู„ Leg Muscles ู…ุชุถุฎู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1528
+
1529
+ 383
1530
+ 00:35:13,860 --> 00:35:17,180
1531
+ ุจูŠุดูˆู ุฑูˆุญุงู† ููŠู‡ุง ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ูƒ ู…ุชุถุฎู…ุฉ ุนุถู„ุชู‡ ู„ุฃ ู‡ูŠ ุถุนูŠูุฉ
1532
+
1533
+ 384
1534
+ 00:35:17,180 --> 00:35:22,500
1535
+ ุฌุฏุง ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู† ู…ูƒุงู† ุงู„ muscle fibers ู…ูƒุงู†
1536
+
1537
+ 385
1538
+ 00:35:22,500 --> 00:35:28,310
1539
+ ุงู„ุฃู†ุณุฌุฉ ุงู„ุนุถู„ูŠุฉุญู„ู„ู†ุง ุฃู†ุณุฌุฉ ุฏู‡ู†ูŠุฉ ุฏู‡ูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡
1540
+
1541
+ 386
1542
+ 00:35:28,310 --> 00:35:34,290
1543
+ ุชุถุฎู… ูƒุงุฐุจ ุชุถุฎู… ุงูŠู‡ ูƒุงุฐุจ ุงูˆ pseudo-hypertrophy ุทูŠุจ
1544
+
1545
+ 387
1546
+ 00:35:34,290 --> 00:35:38,730
1547
+ ู…ุด ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ุจูŠู† muscle hypertrophy and hyperplasia
1548
+
1549
+ 388
1550
+ 00:35:38,730 --> 00:35:43,690
1551
+ muscle hypertrophyIt is a process characterized by
1552
+
1553
+ 389
1554
+ 00:35:43,690 --> 00:35:49,350
1555
+ increased cell volume ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุญุฌู… ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ู„ูƒู†
1556
+
1557
+ 390
1558
+ 00:35:49,350 --> 00:35:56,550
1559
+ hyperplasia ุจูŠุญุฏุซ growth and increase in number of
1560
+
1561
+ 391
1562
+ 00:35:56,550 --> 00:36:00,890
1563
+ cells ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุฒุงุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุง ุญุฏุซ ุชุฏุฎู† ููŠ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง
1564
+
1565
+ 392
1566
+ 00:36:00,890 --> 00:36:05,230
1567
+ ููŠ ุงู„ hypertrophy hyperplasia ุฒุงุฏูˆุง ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง
1568
+
1569
+ 393
1570
+ 00:36:05,230 --> 00:36:13,020
1571
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ูŠุฉุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑุจู„ุงุฒูŠุง ุชุญุฏุซ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุฑุญู…
1572
+
1573
+ 394
1574
+ 00:36:13,020 --> 00:36:19,600
1575
+ ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑุจู„ุงุฒูŠุง ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุฑุญู… ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ
1576
+
1577
+ 395
1578
+ 00:36:19,600 --> 00:36:25,240
1579
+ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑุจู„ุงุฒูŠุง
1580
+
1581
+ 396
1582
+ 00:36:25,240 --> 00:36:25,820
1583
+ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฑุญู… ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑุจู„ุงุฒูŠุง ุจุดูƒู„
1584
+
1585
+ 397
1586
+ 00:36:25,820 --> 00:36:28,780
1587
+ ุนุงู… ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฑุญู… ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑุจู„ุงุฒูŠุง ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ููŠ
1588
+
1589
+ 398
1590
+ 00:36:28,780 --> 00:36:31,640
1591
+ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฑุญู… ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑุจู„ุงุฒูŠุง ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช
1592
+
1593
+ 399
1594
+ 00:36:31,640 --> 00:36:32,600
1595
+ ุงู„ุฑุญู… ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑุจู„ุงุฒูŠุง ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฑุญู…
1596
+
1597
+ 400
1598
+ 00:36:32,600 --> 00:36:35,280
1599
+ ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑุจู„ุงุฒูŠุง ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฑุญู… ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ
1600
+
1601
+ 401
1602
+ 00:36:35,280 --> 00:36:36,100
1603
+ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑุจู„ุงุฒูŠุง ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฑุญู… ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ
1604
+
1605
+ 402
1606
+ 00:36:36,100 --> 00:36:38,730
1607
+ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจุฑุจู„ุงุฒูŠุง ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฑุญู… ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู†ุชูƒู„ู…
1608
+
1609
+ 403
1610
+ 00:36:38,730 --> 00:36:41,210
1611
+ ุนู† ู…ุฑุถ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุงุฎุฏู‡ ููŠ ุณู†ุฉ ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ุฅู† ุถู„ูŠู†ุง ุทูŠุจูŠู† ุงู†
1612
+
1613
+ 404
1614
+ 00:36:41,210 --> 00:36:45,990
1615
+ ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู…ุงูŠุณุชูŠู†ูŠุง ุบุฑูŠูุณ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† autoimmune
1616
+
1617
+ 405
1618
+ 00:36:45,990 --> 00:36:51,250
1619
+ disorder characterized by progressive muscular
1620
+
1621
+ 406
1622
+ 00:36:51,250 --> 00:36:55,360
1623
+ fatigabilityุฃูŠ ู…ุณูƒูˆู„ุงุฑ ูุงุชู‚ุงุจูŠู„ุชูŠุŸ skeletal
1624
+
1625
+ 407
1626
+ 00:36:55,360 --> 00:36:58,040
1627
+ muscular fatigability ุจูŠุตูŠุจ skeletal muscle only
1628
+
1629
+ 408
1630
+ 00:36:58,040 --> 00:37:02,460
1631
+ caused by reduction in the numbers and functions
1632
+
1633
+ 409
1634
+ 00:37:02,460 --> 00:37:07,980
1635
+ of acetylcholine receptors ู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠุญุฏุซ circulation ู„
1636
+
1637
+ 410
1638
+ 00:37:07,980 --> 00:37:10,820
1639
+ antibodiesุŒ ุงู„ antibodies ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชู‚ูˆู… ุจู…ู‡ุงุฌู…ุฉ
1640
+
1641
+ 411
1642
+ 00:37:10,820 --> 00:37:15,800
1643
+ ุงู„acetylcholineู…ุฏุงู… ุชู…ุช ู…ู‡ุงุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุงุณูŠุทุฑุงู„ ูƒู„ูŠู†
1644
+
1645
+ 412
1646
+ 00:37:15,800 --> 00:37:19,660
1647
+ ุฑูŠุณุจุชูˆุฑุฒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ุงู„ nerve impulse ู…ุงุฑุญ ูŠู†ุชู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุงู„
1648
+
1649
+ 413
1650
+ 00:37:19,660 --> 00:37:23,580
1651
+ nerve endings ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ muscle fibers ูˆุจูŠุญุฏุซ
1652
+
1653
+ 414
1654
+ 00:37:23,580 --> 00:37:28,240
1655
+ fatigability ุจู†ุณู…ูŠ ู…ุฑุถ ูˆู‡ู† ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ู…ุฑุถ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ูˆู‡ู†
1656
+
1657
+ 415
1658
+ 00:37:28,240 --> 00:37:33,140
1659
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุชOkay ุงู„ slide ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Duchene
1660
+
1661
+ 416
1662
+ 00:37:33,140 --> 00:37:38,420
1663
+ muscular dystrophy ู‡ุงู† ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ mutation of
1664
+
1665
+ 417
1666
+ 00:37:38,420 --> 00:37:41,620
1667
+ dystrophin gene ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุณู…ูŠ ุฏู…ูˆุน ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ู…ุฑุถ ุฏูˆุฑุงุทูŠ
1668
+
1669
+ 418
1670
+ 00:37:41,620 --> 00:37:45,520
1671
+ ุจุตูŠุจ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุฃู† ุงู„ mutation ุทูุฑุฉ ููŠ ุงู„
1672
+
1673
+ 419
1674
+ 00:37:45,520 --> 00:37:49,740
1675
+ dystrophin gene ุงู„ dystrophin ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง ู„ ุงู„
1676
+
1677
+ 420
1678
+ 00:37:49,740 --> 00:37:54,580
1679
+ muscle function ูŠุนุชุจุฑ large actin bending protein
1680
+
1681
+ 421
1682
+ 00:37:54,580 --> 00:37:59,570
1683
+ located just inside of sarcolemaof the skeletal
1684
+
1685
+ 422
1686
+ 00:37:59,570 --> 00:38:03,750
1687
+ muscle fibers ู…ู‡ู… ู„ู„growth of muscle ู„ู„function
1688
+
1689
+ 423
1690
+ 00:38:03,750 --> 00:38:08,550
1691
+ organization of myofibril ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุจูŠุฃุฏู‰ ุงู„ู‰
1692
+
1693
+ 424
1694
+ 00:38:08,550 --> 00:38:12,410
1695
+ progressive weakness atrophy of the muscle fibers
1696
+
1697
+ 425
1698
+ 00:38:12,410 --> 00:38:16,870
1699
+ ุฃุญูŠุงู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… muscle hypertrophy
1700
+
1701
+ 426
1702
+ 00:38:17,190 --> 00:38:20,970
1703
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… muscular dystrophy type
1704
+
1705
+ 427
1706
+ 00:38:20,970 --> 00:38:25,770
1707
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ูˆุงู„ุฏ ุดูŠุฑ dependent ุนู„ู‰ ุณู† ุงุชู†ุงุดุฑ ุณู†ุฉ
1708
+
1709
+ 428
1710
+ 00:38:25,770 --> 00:38:30,750
1711
+ ุจูŠุญุชุงุฌูˆุง ูƒุฑุณูŠ ู…ุชุญุฑูƒ ุจูŠุนูŠุดูˆุง ู„ุญุฏ ุซู…ุงู†ุชุงุดุฑ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ุณู†ุฉ
1712
+
1713
+ 429
1714
+ 00:38:30,750 --> 00:38:33,830
1715
+ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฃุนู…ุงุฑ ุจูŠุฏ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู…ู† ุฅูŠุด ุจุชูˆููˆุง ุจุชูˆููˆุง ู…ู† ุงู„
1716
+
1717
+ 430
1718
+ 00:38:33,830 --> 00:38:39,270
1719
+ respiratory failure and sepsisู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงุญู†ุง ูˆุตู„ู†ุง
1720
+
1721
+ 431
1722
+ 00:38:39,270 --> 00:38:43,510
1723
+ ู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ุนุดุฑ ูˆูˆุตู„ู†ุง ู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ
1724
+
1725
+ 432
1726
+ 00:38:43,510 --> 00:38:47,550
1727
+ ู…ุตุงู‚ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ neuro anatomy and neurophysiology
1728
+
1729
+ 433
1730
+ 00:38:47,550 --> 00:38:50,630
1731
+ ุฏู…ุชู…
1732
+
1733
+ 434
1734
+ 00:38:50,630 --> 00:38:54,710
1735
+ ุจุฎูŠุฑ ูˆ ุณุงู…ุญูˆู†ุง ุงู† ู‚ุตุฑู†ุง ู…ุนูƒู… ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุงู„ู ุนุงููŠุฉ
1736
+
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/Ev3PGmWnexI_raw.json ADDED
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@@ -0,0 +1,1484 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:05,080 --> 00:00:07,540
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:07,540 --> 00:00:13,840
7
+ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุฎุงู…ุณ ุฑุญ
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:13,840 --> 00:00:18,200
11
+ ุชูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ventricles of the brain and CSF
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:18,200 --> 00:00:24,430
15
+ circulationThe brain and spinal cord float within
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:24,430 --> 00:00:30,170
19
+ a protective bath of cerebrospinal fluid. ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ูˆ
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:30,170 --> 00:00:38,810
23
+ ุงู„ุญุจู„ ุงู„ุดูˆูƒูŠ ุจูŠุณุจุญูˆุง ููŠ ุญูˆุถ ู…ู† ุงู„ุณุงุฆู„ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบูŠ
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:38,810 --> 00:00:46,040
27
+ ุงู„ุดูˆูƒูŠ CSFis produced by the choroidal plexus
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:46,040 --> 00:00:49,960
31
+ ูˆุงุญู†ุง ุนุงุฑููŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ ventricular system ููŠ ุงู„
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:49,960 --> 00:00:53,640
35
+ choroidal plexus ุฃุตู„ู‡ุง ุฌุงูŠุฉ ู…ู† invagination of the
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:53,640 --> 00:00:59,920
39
+ pia mater ูˆ ุงู„ choroidal plexus contains ependymal
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:59,920 --> 00:01:03,140
43
+ cells ูˆ ุงู„ ependymal cells ุชู…ู†ุง production ู„ ุงู„
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:01:03,140 --> 00:01:09,410
47
+ CSFEach part of the central nervous system contain
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:09,410 --> 00:01:14,210
51
+ a component of the ventricular system ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:14,210 --> 00:01:18,530
55
+ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ cerebral hemisphere ููŠ lateral
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:18,530 --> 00:01:23,250
59
+ ventricleุŒ diencephalon third ventricle ููŠ
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:23,250 --> 00:01:26,510
63
+ ุงู„cerebellum ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฏู„ุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ pons ููŠ fourth
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:26,510 --> 00:01:31,510
67
+ ventricleุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ midbrain ููŠ silvius aqueduct ุฃูˆ
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:31,510 --> 00:01:37,470
71
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง cerebral aqueductุงู„ู€ ventricles contain
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:37,470 --> 00:01:46,150
75
+ about 35 milliliter of cerebrospinal fluid the
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:46,150 --> 00:01:50,850
79
+ ventricles of the brain there
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:50,850 --> 00:01:54,310
83
+ are four interconnection ventricles of the brain
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:01:54,310 --> 00:02:00,410
87
+ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง four ventricles lateral ventricles ุงู„ุจุทูŠู†
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:02:00,410 --> 00:02:05,900
91
+ ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจูŠ right and left lateral ventriclethird
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:05,900 --> 00:02:11,700
95
+ ventricle ุงู„ุจุทูŠู† ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ and fourth ventricle
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:11,700 --> 00:02:17,220
99
+ ุงู„ุจุทูŠู† ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง four interconnection
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:17,220 --> 00:02:22,980
103
+ ventricles two lateral ventricles and one third
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:22,980 --> 00:02:30,720
107
+ ventricle and a fourth ventricle ุงู„ู„ุญุธุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:30,720 --> 00:02:33,800
111
+ lateral ventricle
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:36,730 --> 00:02:42,830
115
+ left and right lateral ventricle ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุจูŠุฌูŠ third
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:42,830 --> 00:02:47,870
119
+ ventricle ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงูŠู‡ fourth ventricle
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:47,870 --> 00:02:56,530
123
+ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ูˆุงุถุญ cavity
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:02:56,530 --> 00:03:03,090
127
+ of right lateral ventricle ุจุนุฏูŠู† ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู†
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:03:03,090 --> 00:03:09,820
131
+ cavity ofthird ventricle ูˆู‡ู†ุง ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ cavity
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:03:09,820 --> 00:03:15,940
135
+ of a fourth ventricle ูˆ ุงู„ connection ุงู„ู‚ู†ุงุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:15,940 --> 00:03:20,520
139
+ ุจุชูˆุตู„ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ third ventricle ูˆ ุงู„ fourth
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:20,520 --> 00:03:26,520
143
+ ventricle ุงุณู…ู‡ุง silvius aqueduct ุงูˆ cerebral
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:26,520 --> 00:03:33,270
147
+ aqueduct ุงุณู…ู‡ุง silvius aqueductุฃูˆ cerebral
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:33,270 --> 00:03:48,290
151
+ aqueduct ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง aqueduct of midbrain ู†ุจุฏุฃ
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:48,290 --> 00:03:53,270
155
+ ุจ lateral ventricle ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง two lateral ventricles
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:53,270 --> 00:03:58,510
159
+ right and left lateral ventricles side
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:59,940 --> 00:04:03,360
163
+ lateral ventricles ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† cavity of cerebral
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:04:03,360 --> 00:04:06,660
167
+ hemispheres ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู†ู‡ุง right cerebral hemisphere ูˆ
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:04:06,660 --> 00:04:10,120
171
+ left cerebral hemisphere ูƒู„ cerebral hemisphere
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:04:10,120 --> 00:04:12,660
175
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ู… cavity ุงุณู…ู‡ lateral ventricles ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู†ู‡ุง
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:04:12,660 --> 00:04:16,700
179
+ right and left lateral ventricles ู„ูˆ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:04:16,700 --> 00:04:22,400
183
+ origin of lateral
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:22,400 --> 00:04:25,600
187
+ ventricles ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† telencephalon ุงูˆ
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:25,600 --> 00:04:28,820
191
+ prosencephalon communication
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:31,580 --> 00:04:41,000
195
+ no any direct connections between right and left
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:41,000 --> 00:04:44,480
199
+ lateral ventricles ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุงููŠ ุงู†ู‡ุง direct
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:44,480 --> 00:04:46,820
203
+ connection between right and left lateral
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:46,820 --> 00:04:53,260
207
+ ventricle ู†ุฑุณู…ู‡ู… ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ูŠ ุงู† ุงู†ุง ุจุฑุณู…
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:05:24,530 --> 00:05:33,650
211
+ ุฃู†ุง ุฑุณู…ุช right ูˆู‡ูŠ ุจุฑุณู… ููŠู‡ left lateral
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:05:33,650 --> 00:05:35,250
215
+ ventricle ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:05:44,560 --> 00:05:56,420
219
+ right lateral ventricle ูˆ left lateral ventricle
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:05:56,420 --> 00:06:02,540
223
+ okay no direct connection between both lateral
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:06:02,540 --> 00:06:05,460
227
+ ventricles ุชู…ุงู… ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฑุณู…
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:06:11,790 --> 00:06:13,170
231
+ third ventricle
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:06:36,980 --> 00:06:42,700
235
+ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ lateral ventricle ูˆ ุงู„ third ventricle ูู‰
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:06:42,700 --> 00:06:51,760
239
+ foramen left interventricular foramen of monroe ูˆ
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:06:51,760 --> 00:06:59,320
243
+ ู‡ู†ุง ูู‰ right interventricular foramen of monroe
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:06:59,320 --> 00:07:05,210
247
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุฑุณู„ู†ุงleft lateral ventricle ูˆ right
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:07:05,210 --> 00:07:09,010
251
+ lateral ventricle ูˆ ุฑุณู…ู†ุง third ventricle no
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:07:09,010 --> 00:07:12,630
255
+ direct connection between both lateral ventricles
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:07:12,630 --> 00:07:18,170
259
+ but presented indirect connection ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:07:19,470 --> 00:07:23,570
263
+ interventricular foramen of Monroe ูƒู… Monroe ููŠู†ุงุŸ
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:07:23,570 --> 00:07:28,050
267
+ ููŠู†ุง two foramen of Monroe ููŠู†ุง left foramen of
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:07:28,050 --> 00:07:32,150
271
+ Monroe ูˆ ููŠ right foramen of Monroe ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:07:32,150 --> 00:07:36,410
275
+ communication ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ lateral ventricle H lateral
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:07:36,410 --> 00:07:41,410
279
+ ventricle communicates with the third ventricle
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:07:41,410 --> 00:07:45,770
283
+ through interventricular foramen of Monroe right
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:07:45,770 --> 00:07:46,510
287
+ and left
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:07:50,300 --> 00:07:53,360
291
+ What's the part of the lateral ventricleุŸ ุฅูŠุด
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:07:53,360 --> 00:07:56,220
295
+ ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุงู„ lateral ventricleุŸ ุงู„ lateral ventricle
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:07:56,220 --> 00:08:02,140
299
+ contains anterior horn ุฃูˆ frontal horn located in
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:08:02,140 --> 00:08:08,180
303
+ frontal loopุŒ posterior horn ุฃูˆ occipital horn
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:08:08,180 --> 00:08:13,330
307
+ located in occipital loopุŒInferior horn ุฃูˆ
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:08:13,330 --> 00:08:17,690
311
+ temporal horn located in temporal loop ู…ูŠู† ุฑุงุญ
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:08:17,690 --> 00:08:21,550
315
+ ูŠุฒุนู„ุŸ ุงู„ parietal loop ู…ุงูŠุฒุนู„ุด ุงู„ parietal loop ูˆ
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:08:21,550 --> 00:08:26,270
319
+ ููŠ ุฌุฒุก ุงุณู…ู‡ body ุฃูˆ central part of the lateral
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:08:26,270 --> 00:08:30,990
323
+ ventricle which is located in the parietal loopูˆ
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:08:30,990 --> 00:08:36,530
327
+ ููŠ ุดูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ trigon ุงูˆ atrium ุฏูŠ ู„ุงุชูŠุดู† at the
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:08:36,530 --> 00:08:41,070
331
+ meeting of the inferior and posterior horn ูˆูŠู†
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:08:41,070 --> 00:08:44,570
335
+ ุจุชู‚ุงุจู„ ุงู„ anterior ูˆ ุงู„ posterior horn ู†ุดูˆู ู…ุน ุจุนุถ
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:08:44,570 --> 00:08:51,390
339
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฎู„ู ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู‡ู†ุง posterior horn
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:08:51,390 --> 00:09:00,210
343
+ posterior horn ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู… ุจูŠูƒูˆู† anterior hornูˆู‡ู†ุง
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:09:00,210 --> 00:09:05,570
347
+ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ body ุงูˆ ุงู„ central part body ุงูˆ ุงู„ central
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:09:05,570 --> 00:09:09,330
351
+ part ู…ุด ู‡ูŠู†ุจูŠู† ุงู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:09:09,330 --> 00:09:12,310
355
+ ููŠ posterior horn ุจุชูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ occipital loop ููŠ
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:09:12,310 --> 00:09:16,070
359
+ anterior horn ุจุชูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ frontal loop ูˆููŠ body
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:09:16,070 --> 00:09:25,330
363
+ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ููŠ parietal loop ููŠ parietal loop ูˆุงุถุญ
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:09:25,330 --> 00:09:25,770
367
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู‡ู†ุง
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:09:28,940 --> 00:09:34,000
371
+ ุงู†ุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู‡ุงุฑู† ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู‡ุงุฑู† ูˆ ุชุญุช ููŠ ุงู„ temporal
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:09:34,000 --> 00:09:40,630
375
+ loop ููŠ inferior horn ูŠุนู†ูŠ frontal hornุฃูƒุณุจุชุงู„
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:09:40,630 --> 00:09:45,310
379
+ ู‡ูˆุฑู† ูƒูŠู…ุจูˆุฑุงู„ ู‡ูˆุฑู† ุฃูˆ ุงุณู… ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู‡ูˆุฑู†
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:09:45,310 --> 00:09:50,550
383
+ ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู‡ูˆุฑู† ุงู†ูุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู‡ูˆุฑู† ุทุจ ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:09:50,550 --> 00:09:54,790
387
+ ุงู„ุงู†ูุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู‡ูˆุฑู† ู…ุน ุงู„ ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู‡ูˆุฑู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู†
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:09:54,790 --> 00:10:01,470
391
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ุชุฑูŠุฌูˆู† ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ุชุฑูŠุฌูˆู† ุงูˆ ุฃุชุฑูŠูˆู… of lateral
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:10:01,470 --> 00:10:02,290
395
+ ventricle
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:10:08,870 --> 00:10:15,950
399
+ ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ู‡ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุณุฌู† teleview ุนู†ุฏูŠ anterior horn,
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:10:17,650 --> 00:10:26,870
403
+ posterior horn, inferior horn, body ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู†
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:10:26,870 --> 00:10:34,830
407
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠ atrium ุงูˆ trigonู‡ูˆ ู…ูƒุงู† ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ posterior
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:10:34,830 --> 00:10:38,510
411
+ horn ู…ุน ุงู„ inferior hornุŒ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุฃุตุญ ู„ูˆ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุฃุตุญ
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:10:38,510 --> 00:10:45,310
415
+ ูƒู…ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† posterior horn ู…ุน ุงู„
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:10:45,310 --> 00:10:51,140
419
+ inferior horn ูˆ ุงู„ bodyู…ูƒุงู† ุจุชู„ุงู‚ู‰ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ body ู…ุน
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:10:51,140 --> 00:10:53,140
423
+ ุงู„ posterior horn ูˆ ุงู„ inferior horn ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ูƒุชุจ
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:10:53,140 --> 00:10:56,240
427
+ ุจูŠูƒุชุจูˆุง ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ู…ูƒุงู† ูˆูŠู† ุจุชู„ุงู‚ู‰ ููŠู‡ ุงู„
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:10:56,240 --> 00:10:59,860
431
+ posterior horn ู…ุน ุงู„ inferior horn ุงู„ุฃุตุญ ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ู…ุง
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:10:59,860 --> 00:11:05,240
435
+ ุจูŠู† posterior horn ูˆ inferior horn and body of
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:11:05,240 --> 00:11:09,060
439
+ lateral ventricle and body of lateral ventricle
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:11:09,060 --> 00:11:16,710
443
+ ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ูุฑู… ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงุชู†ูŠู†ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุน ุงู„
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:11:16,710 --> 00:11:18,430
447
+ left lateral ventricle ูˆ ู…ุน ุงู„ right lateral
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:11:18,430 --> 00:11:21,810
451
+ ventricle ู‡ุฐูˆู„ communication ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน ุงู„ third
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:11:21,810 --> 00:11:25,390
455
+ ventricle ู…ุน ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ุน ุงู„ third ventricle ู…ุน ุงู„
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:11:25,390 --> 00:11:28,990
459
+ third ventricle ุงุณู…ู‡ Interventricular Foramen of
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:11:28,990 --> 00:11:41,650
463
+ Monroe Interventricular Foramen of Monroe ู‡ุฐุง
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:11:41,650 --> 00:11:47,320
467
+ ูˆุงุถุญ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ axial cutู‡ุฐุง anterior horn ูˆู‡ุฐุง
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:11:47,320 --> 00:11:53,100
471
+ posterior horn ุฃูˆ ู‡ุฐุง posterior horn ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุชุฑุงุฌูˆู†
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:11:53,100 --> 00:12:05,980
475
+ ุงูˆ ุฃุชุฑูŠุงู… ุชุฌูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุชุฑุงุฌูˆู† ุงูˆ ุฃุชุฑูŠุงู… ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:12:05,980 --> 00:12:15,020
479
+ ุงู„ุขู† ู„ุซูŠุฑ ุฐู†ุชุฑูƒู„ ุซูŠุฑ ุฐู†ุชุฑูƒู„ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† cavityู‡ูˆ
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:12:15,020 --> 00:12:19,600
483
+ ูƒูุชูŠู‡ of diencephalon it is narrow cavity situated
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:12:19,600 --> 00:12:25,780
487
+ in the midline between the right and left thalamus
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:12:25,780 --> 00:12:32,270
491
+ ูˆ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆ ุซู„ุงู…ุณ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ right ูˆ ุงู„ leftููŠ adhesion
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:12:32,270 --> 00:12:36,610
495
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง interthalamic adhesion ู‡ูŠ ู‡ุฐูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู†ุง
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:12:36,610 --> 00:12:40,230
499
+ ุฑุณู…ุชู‡ุง ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† interthalamic adhesion
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:12:40,230 --> 00:12:44,430
503
+ interthalamic ุงูŠู‡ุŸ adhesion ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู†
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:12:44,430 --> 00:12:49,730
507
+ connection between right and left thalami okay ุงู„
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:12:49,730 --> 00:12:55,690
511
+ origin of third ventricle from diencephalon ุงูˆ
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:12:55,690 --> 00:12:57,810
515
+ ูƒู…ุงู† ุตุญ frozen cephalon
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:13:00,320 --> 00:13:07,440
519
+ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ axial cut ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ third ventric ุงู„ู„ูŠ
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:13:07,440 --> 00:13:11,220
523
+ ุจูŠุฌูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุตู ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ู†ุชุตู ูˆ ุจูŠุญุฏู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ูˆ
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:13:11,220 --> 00:13:18,980
527
+ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† left thalamus ูˆ right thalamus ุบูŠุฑ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠู…ุฑ
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:13:18,980 --> 00:13:25,240
531
+ ููŠ ุดูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡interthalamic adhesion connections
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:13:25,240 --> 00:13:30,200
535
+ between left and right ุซู„ู…ุงุฆูŠ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:13:30,200 --> 00:13:34,340
539
+ connection between left and right ุซู„ู…ุงุฆูŠ ูƒุงู… third
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:13:34,340 --> 00:13:38,620
543
+ ventricle ุนู†ุฏู†ุง one third ventricle ุนู†ุฏู†ุง one
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:13:38,620 --> 00:13:44,240
547
+ third ventricle ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ communications of third
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:13:44,240 --> 00:13:48,000
551
+ ventricle ุงูˆู„ communication ุงู†ุง ุงุชูƒู„ู…ุช ุนู†ู‡ุง
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:13:49,130 --> 00:13:56,090
555
+ anterior superiorly ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู… ูˆู…ู† ุฃุนู„ู‰ the third
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:13:56,090 --> 00:14:01,690
559
+ ventricle communicates with a lateral ventricle
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:14:01,690 --> 00:14:06,570
563
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ third ventricle communicates with a both
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:14:06,570 --> 00:14:13,490
567
+ lateral ventricleOkay ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ third
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:14:13,490 --> 00:14:19,170
571
+ ventricle communicates anterior superiorly with
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:14:19,170 --> 00:14:23,910
575
+ both lateral ventricles ู…ู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุงูˆ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:14:23,910 --> 00:14:29,270
579
+ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ interventricular foramen of Monroe ูƒู…
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:14:29,270 --> 00:14:34,070
583
+ Monroe ุนู†ุฏูŠุŸ left and right Monroe ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ู…ู†
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:14:34,070 --> 00:14:35,990
587
+ ุงู„ุงุนู„ู‰ ุทุจ ู…ู† ุฃุณูู„
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:14:40,160 --> 00:14:47,600
591
+ Posterior inferiorly Posterior
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:14:47,600 --> 00:14:53,820
595
+ inferiorly communicate with fourth ventricle with
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:14:53,820 --> 00:14:57,220
599
+ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:14:57,220 --> 00:15:04,940
603
+ with fourth ventricle ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ู‡ุฐู‡ fourth
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:15:04,940 --> 00:15:07,680
607
+ ventricle
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:15:09,860 --> 00:15:16,180
611
+ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ enter ุงูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ cerebral .. cerebral
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:15:16,180 --> 00:15:25,180
615
+ aqueduct ุงูˆ ู„ู‡ ุงุณู… ุซุงู†ูŠ silvius aqueduct ูŠุนู†ูŠ
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:15:25,180 --> 00:15:29,400
619
+ silvius aqueduct ุงูˆ cerebral aqueduct ุชุนู…ู„
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:15:29,400 --> 00:15:32,440
623
+ connection ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ third ventricle ู…ุน ุงู„ fourth
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:15:32,440 --> 00:15:37,060
627
+ ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉ ู†ุนูŠุฏ communication of third ventricle
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:15:38,550 --> 00:15:42,530
631
+ anterior superiorly ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู… ูˆู…ู† ุฃุนู„ู‰
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:15:42,530 --> 00:15:45,790
635
+ communicates
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:15:45,790 --> 00:15:51,450
639
+ ู…ุน both lateral ventricles ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:15:51,450 --> 00:15:55,670
643
+ Interventricular foramen of Monroe two Monroe
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:15:55,670 --> 00:16:01,930
647
+ ุงุซู†ูŠู† posterior inferiorly ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ูˆู…ู† ุชุญุช
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:16:01,930 --> 00:16:10,380
651
+ communicates withfourth ventricle ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:16:10,380 --> 00:16:15,200
655
+ sylvius ุงูˆ cerebral aqueduct ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ cavity
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:16:15,200 --> 00:16:22,120
659
+ of midbrain cavity of midbrain ู‡ุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:16:22,120 --> 00:16:29,880
663
+ interthalamic adhesion ู‡ุงูŠ ู…ู†ุฑูˆููˆุฑุงู…ูŠู† ูˆู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:16:29,880 --> 00:16:33,880
667
+ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ cerebral aqueduct ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฑุจุท ู…ุง ุจูŠู†
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:16:38,960 --> 00:16:49,740
671
+ third ventricle ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน fourth ventricle ูˆ
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:16:49,740 --> 00:17:03,620
675
+ anterior superior ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู…ู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:17:03,620 --> 00:17:04,280
679
+ ููŠ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:17:08,720 --> 00:17:13,100
683
+ ู…ู† ุฑูˆ ููˆุฑุงู…ู† Right
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:17:13,100 --> 00:17:17,600
687
+ and left ุจูŠุนู…ู„ connection ุจูŠู† ุงู„ lateral ventricle
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:17:17,600 --> 00:17:21,680
691
+ ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน ุงู„ third ventricle ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ lateral
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:17:21,680 --> 00:17:26,340
695
+ ventricles ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ู…ู† ุฑูˆ ุงุฑุชุจุทูˆุง ู…ุน ุงู„ third
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:17:26,340 --> 00:17:29,800
699
+ ventricle ุงู„ third ventricle ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุณุฑุจุน ุงู„
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:17:29,800 --> 00:17:34,710
703
+ aqueductู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน ุงู„ fourth ventricle ู‡ุงุฏ ุงู„
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:17:34,710 --> 00:17:40,870
707
+ communication between the ventricular system ูˆุงุถุญ
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:17:40,870 --> 00:17:45,290
711
+ ุงู† ุฏูŠ lateral ventricle communicates ู…ุน ุงู„ third
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:17:45,290 --> 00:17:47,530
715
+ ventricle ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ interventricular foramen of
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:17:47,530 --> 00:17:51,410
719
+ Monroe and right and left Monroe ุจุนุฏูŠู† third
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:17:51,410 --> 00:17:54,690
723
+ ventricle ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ cerebral aqueduct ุฃูˆ sylvius
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:17:54,690 --> 00:17:58,410
727
+ aqueduct communicates with ุงูŠุดุŸ with fourth
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:17:58,410 --> 00:17:58,990
731
+ ventricle
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:18:19,220 --> 00:18:25,960
735
+ ุงู„ุงู† ุจู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ู„ fourth ventricle
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:18:25,960 --> 00:18:31,960
739
+ ู‡ุฐุง
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:18:31,960 --> 00:18:38,020
743
+ left lateral ventricle
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:18:38,020 --> 00:18:42,800
747
+ okay fourth
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:18:42,800 --> 00:18:50,070
751
+ ventricle it is cavity of hind brainูˆ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู‚ูˆู„ it
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:18:50,070 --> 00:18:55,770
755
+ is cavity of rhombocephalon ูˆูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุŸ located
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:18:55,770 --> 00:19:00,010
759
+ between cerebellum
760
+
761
+ 191
762
+ 00:19:00,010 --> 00:19:05,470
763
+ and pons medulla blankata ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุญุฏูˆุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู
764
+
765
+ 192
766
+ 00:19:05,470 --> 00:19:12,990
767
+ ุงู„cerebellum ูˆ ุจูŠุญุฏูˆุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู… ุงู„ pons ูˆ ุงู„ upper
768
+
769
+ 193
770
+ 00:19:12,990 --> 00:19:18,170
771
+ medulla ุงูˆ open medullaุทูŠุจ ุจูƒู„ุงู… ุซุงู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุจุฏู‰ ู†ุตูŠุบู‡
772
+
773
+ 194
774
+ 00:19:18,170 --> 00:19:26,490
775
+ ูˆูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ fourth ventricle located between the
776
+
777
+ 195
778
+ 00:19:26,490 --> 00:19:34,630
779
+ dorsal cervix of pons and open medulla and
780
+
781
+ 196
782
+ 00:19:35,750 --> 00:19:40,130
783
+ ventral service of cerebellum ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ cavity
784
+
785
+ 197
786
+ 00:19:40,130 --> 00:19:46,190
787
+ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุญุตูˆุฑ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ ventral cavity of cerebellum
788
+
789
+ 198
790
+ 00:19:46,190 --> 00:19:51,970
791
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ูˆ ุงู„ dorsal service ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ palms ูˆ ุงู„
792
+
793
+ 199
794
+ 00:19:51,970 --> 00:19:59,390
795
+ upper medulla ุงูˆ open medulla ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู… ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„
796
+
797
+ 200
798
+ 00:19:59,390 --> 00:20:05,590
799
+ angles ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ fourth ventricleุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠุก ููŠู‡
800
+
801
+ 201
802
+ 00:20:05,590 --> 00:20:11,190
803
+ superior angle ูˆ inferior angle ูˆ lateral angle
804
+
805
+ 202
806
+ 00:20:11,190 --> 00:20:19,030
807
+ superior angle ุจูุชุญ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ silvius aqueduct
808
+
809
+ 203
810
+ 00:20:19,030 --> 00:20:24,270
811
+ ุฃูˆ cerebral aqueduct ู…ู† ุฃุนู„ู‰ superior angle ุงู„
812
+
813
+ 204
814
+ 00:20:24,270 --> 00:20:30,470
815
+ inferior angle ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ central spinal canal
816
+
817
+ 205
818
+ 00:20:30,470 --> 00:20:35,530
819
+ ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ closed medullaุทูŠุจ ูˆ ุงู„ lateral angle
820
+
821
+ 206
822
+ 00:20:35,530 --> 00:20:41,470
823
+ right and left lateral angle ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠู‡ ูุฑู…ู† ุงุณู…ู‡
824
+
825
+ 207
826
+ 00:20:41,470 --> 00:20:45,530
827
+ logica right logica ูุฑู…ู† ูˆ left logica ูุฑู…ู† ูƒู…ุงู†
828
+
829
+ 208
830
+ 00:20:45,530 --> 00:20:54,110
831
+ ู…ุฑุฉ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ superior angle ุชุดูˆู ู…ุน ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ูŠู‡ู… ู‡ูŠ
832
+
833
+ 209
834
+ 00:20:54,110 --> 00:21:02,290
835
+ angle superior angle ู…ูŠู† ูุงุชุญ ููŠู‡ ูุงุชุญ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
836
+
837
+ 210
838
+ 00:21:07,180 --> 00:21:13,880
839
+ cerebral aqueduct ู‡ุฐุง ููŠ ุงู„ superior angle ุทุจ ููŠ
840
+
841
+ 211
842
+ 00:21:13,880 --> 00:21:21,020
843
+ ุงู„ inferior angle ู‡ู‰ inferior angle ุจูุชุญ
844
+
845
+ 212
846
+ 00:21:21,020 --> 00:21:26,120
847
+ ููŠู‡ central
848
+
849
+ 213
850
+ 00:21:26,120 --> 00:21:29,260
851
+ central
852
+
853
+ 214
854
+ 00:21:30,080 --> 00:21:34,500
855
+ Spinal Canal Central Spinal Canal ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู…ุฑ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
856
+
857
+ 215
858
+ 00:21:34,500 --> 00:21:37,680
859
+ ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠ ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Closed Medulla ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ
860
+
861
+ 216
862
+ 00:21:37,680 --> 00:21:43,320
863
+ Spinal Cord ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏูŠ Inferior Angle ูุงุชุญ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
864
+
865
+ 217
866
+ 00:21:43,320 --> 00:21:47,840
867
+ ู‡ูˆ Central Spinal Canal ูˆููŠ Superior Angle ูุงุชุญ
868
+
869
+ 218
870
+ 00:21:47,840 --> 00:21:53,520
871
+ Cerebral ุฃูˆ Silvius Aqueduct ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ Lateral
872
+
873
+ 219
874
+ 00:21:53,520 --> 00:22:01,080
875
+ Angle Lateral Angle Right and Leftlateral angle
876
+
877
+ 220
878
+ 00:22:01,080 --> 00:22:06,680
879
+ ุจูุชุญ ููŠู‡ู… ูุฑู…ู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right ุงุณู…ู‡ right lochka
880
+
881
+ 221
882
+ 00:22:06,680 --> 00:22:10,680
883
+ foramen ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ left ุงุณู…ู‡ left lochka foramen ูŠุจู‚ู‰
884
+
885
+ 222
886
+ 00:22:10,680 --> 00:22:15,120
887
+ ุจุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู†ุง ุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒู… ุงู„ angles of fourth
888
+
889
+ 223
890
+ 00:22:15,120 --> 00:22:22,400
891
+ ventricle ุงู„ุขู†
892
+
893
+ 224
894
+ 00:22:22,400 --> 00:22:27,480
895
+ ุตุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุณู‡ู„ communications of the fourth
896
+
897
+ 225
898
+ 00:22:27,480 --> 00:22:32,860
899
+ ventricle ุงู†ุง ุงุชูƒู„ู…ุชุนู† communication ุจูŠู† ุงู„ fourth
900
+
901
+ 226
902
+ 00:22:32,860 --> 00:22:40,720
903
+ ventricle ู‡ุง ู‡ูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ third ventricle ุงุณู…ู‡ุง silvius
904
+
905
+ 227
906
+ 00:22:40,720 --> 00:22:44,140
907
+ ุงูˆ cerebral aqueduct ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูุงุชุญุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ superior
908
+
909
+ 228
910
+ 00:22:44,140 --> 00:22:49,560
911
+ angle ุทุจ ููŠ ุงู„ inferior angle ููŠ communications
912
+
913
+ 229
914
+ 00:22:49,560 --> 00:22:57,400
915
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง central
916
+
917
+ 230
918
+ 00:23:01,100 --> 00:23:09,160
919
+ spinal canal ุทูŠุจ
920
+
921
+ 231
922
+ 00:23:09,160 --> 00:23:16,420
923
+ ููŠ ุงู„ lateral angle ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right ูˆ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ left ููŠ
924
+
925
+ 232
926
+ 00:23:16,420 --> 00:23:24,340
927
+ right and left formina
928
+
929
+ 233
930
+ 00:23:24,340 --> 00:23:27,720
931
+ logica
932
+
933
+ 234
934
+ 00:23:30,810 --> 00:23:34,810
935
+ ุทูŠุจ ููŠ ุงู„ media .. ุจุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ media ููŠ ุงู„ .. ููŠ ุงู„
936
+
937
+ 235
938
+ 00:23:34,810 --> 00:23:40,490
939
+ report ููŠู‡ุง ูุฑู…ุงู†
940
+
941
+ 236
942
+ 00:23:40,490 --> 00:23:44,670
943
+ ู…ุฌู†ุฏูŠ
944
+
945
+ 237
946
+ 00:23:44,670 --> 00:23:50,970
947
+ .. ูุฑู…ุงู† ู…ุฌู†ุฏูŠ ุงูˆ ู…ุฌู†ุฏูŠ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูƒุงู… ุตุงุฑูˆุง ..
948
+
949
+ 238
950
+ 00:23:50,970 --> 00:23:54,970
951
+ ุตุงุฑูˆุง ุงุฑุจุนุฉ ุตุงุฑูˆุง ูƒุงู… ูุฑู…ุงู† ุงูˆ communication ุงุฑุจุนุฉ
952
+
953
+ 239
954
+ 00:23:55,910 --> 00:24:00,810
955
+ Cerebral Aqueduct ุฃูˆ Central ุฃูˆ Sylvius Aqueduct
956
+
957
+ 240
958
+ 00:24:00,810 --> 00:24:04,690
959
+ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† connection between fourth and third
960
+
961
+ 241
962
+ 00:24:04,690 --> 00:24:10,390
963
+ ventricle Central Spinal Canal ุจูŠุตุฑู ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ CSF
964
+
965
+ 242
966
+ 00:24:10,390 --> 00:24:16,800
967
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ central spinal canal ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ spinal cordูˆ
968
+
969
+ 243
970
+ 00:24:16,800 --> 00:24:21,160
971
+ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ูุฑุงู…ู†ุฉ .. ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ูุฑุงู…ู†ุฉ ุชูˆู„ูˆุดูƒุฉ ูุฑุงู…ู†ุฉ
972
+
973
+ 244
974
+ 00:24:21,160 --> 00:24:24,340
975
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู„ุงุชุฑุงู„ ุฃูˆ ูˆุงู† ู…ุงุฌูŠู†ุฏูŠ ูุฑุงู…ู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
976
+
977
+ 245
978
+ 00:24:24,340 --> 00:24:30,450
979
+ ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจูŠุตุฑููˆุง ุงู„ CSFู…ู† ุงู„ fourth
980
+
981
+ 246
982
+ 00:24:30,450 --> 00:24:36,530
983
+ ventricle ู„ subarachnoid space and subarachnoid
984
+
985
+ 247
986
+ 00:24:36,530 --> 00:24:40,210
987
+ cistern subarachnoid space and subarachnoid
988
+
989
+ 248
990
+ 00:24:40,210 --> 00:24:45,970
991
+ cistern ูˆ ุงุญู†ุง ุงุชูุฌู†ุง ุงู† ุงู„ cistern ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
992
+
993
+ 249
994
+ 00:24:45,970 --> 00:24:54,690
995
+ widening place of subarachnoid space ู‡ุงูŠ
996
+
997
+ 250
998
+ 00:24:54,690 --> 00:24:58,630
999
+ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู…ุฑุฉ ู†ุดุฑุญู‡ู… ู‡ู†ุง communications ุงูˆ ู†ุดูˆู ุตูˆุฑุฉ
1000
+
1001
+ 251
1002
+ 00:24:58,630 --> 00:24:58,950
1003
+ ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ
1004
+
1005
+ 252
1006
+ 00:25:02,160 --> 00:25:05,680
1007
+ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ู‰ ุงู„ communication ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ fourth
1008
+
1009
+ 253
1010
+ 00:25:05,680 --> 00:25:10,960
1011
+ ventricle ู†ุฑุณู… ุงู„ fourth ventricle ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ ุงูŠู‡
1012
+
1013
+ 254
1014
+ 00:25:10,960 --> 00:25:18,400
1015
+ fourth ventricle ุงูˆู„
1016
+
1017
+ 255
1018
+ 00:25:18,400 --> 00:25:22,500
1019
+ communication ู…ุน ุงู„ superior angle ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
1020
+
1021
+ 256
1022
+ 00:25:22,500 --> 00:25:29,040
1023
+ cerebral aqueduct ุงูˆ sylvius aqueduct ู‡ู‰ ุงูˆู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ
1024
+
1025
+ 257
1026
+ 00:25:30,920 --> 00:25:35,680
1027
+ Central Spinal Canal ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Closed Medulla ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู†
1028
+
1029
+ 258
1030
+ 00:25:35,680 --> 00:25:41,900
1031
+ ููŠ Spinal Cord ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ูˆุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Lateral ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
1032
+
1033
+ 259
1034
+ 00:25:41,900 --> 00:25:47,740
1035
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูุฑุน ู…ู† Logica Right and Left ูˆ posteriorly
1036
+
1037
+ 260
1038
+ 00:25:47,740 --> 00:25:53,070
1039
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ูุฑุน ู…ู† Magendieุงู„ุณูŠู„ููŠุงุณ ุงูƒูˆูŠุฏุงูƒุช ุงูˆ
1040
+
1041
+ 261
1042
+ 00:25:53,070 --> 00:25:56,470
1043
+ cerebral aqueduct ุจุฑุจุท ุงู„ third ventricle ู…ุน ุงู„
1044
+
1045
+ 262
1046
+ 00:25:56,470 --> 00:26:03,670
1047
+ fourth ventricle Central spinal canal ุจุนู…ู„
1048
+
1049
+ 263
1050
+ 00:26:03,670 --> 00:26:06,970
1051
+ connection ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ fourth ventricle ู…ุน ุงู„
1052
+
1053
+ 264
1054
+ 00:26:06,970 --> 00:26:11,090
1055
+ central spinal canal ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ spinal cordููˆุฑุง ู…ู†
1056
+
1057
+ 265
1058
+ 00:26:11,090 --> 00:26:15,370
1059
+ ุงู„ูˆุดูƒุง ุงูˆ ู…ุงุฌูŠู†ุฏูŠ ุจูŠุตุฑููˆุง ุงู„ CSF ู…ู† ุงู„ fourth
1060
+
1061
+ 266
1062
+ 00:26:15,370 --> 00:26:20,010
1063
+ ventricle ู„ุงู„ subarachnoid space ูˆุงู„subarachnoid
1064
+
1065
+ 267
1066
+ 00:26:20,010 --> 00:26:24,190
1067
+ cistern ูˆู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุงู„ cistern ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† widening
1068
+
1069
+ 268
1070
+ 00:26:24,190 --> 00:26:32,310
1071
+ place of subarachnoid space ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู†ุง ุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒู…
1072
+
1073
+ 269
1074
+ 00:26:32,310 --> 00:26:39,700
1075
+ ุงู„ ventricular system ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ syllabus aqueductุฃูˆ
1076
+
1077
+ 270
1078
+ 00:26:39,700 --> 00:26:43,140
1079
+ cerebroacviduct ูˆุงุถุญ ุนู†ุฏูŠ central spinal canal
1080
+
1081
+ 271
1082
+ 00:26:43,140 --> 00:26:47,720
1083
+ ูˆุงุถุญ ุนู† ุงู„ูˆุฌูƒุง ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ุฏูŠ foramen ูˆููŠ ุงู„ lateral
1084
+
1085
+ 272
1086
+ 00:26:47,720 --> 00:26:54,080
1087
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† two logica foramina cerebrospinal fluid ุฃุฎุฑ
1088
+
1089
+ 273
1090
+ 00:26:54,080 --> 00:26:58,340
1091
+ ุฌุฒุฆูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ cerebrospinal fluid ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
1092
+
1093
+ 274
1094
+ 00:26:58,340 --> 00:27:04,040
1095
+ fluid which circulates in the ventricles and
1096
+
1097
+ 275
1098
+ 00:27:04,040 --> 00:27:11,200
1099
+ central canal of CNSูˆุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ุชุฏูุน ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€
1100
+
1101
+ 276
1102
+ 00:27:11,200 --> 00:27:18,340
1103
+ Subarachnoid space ุงู„ู€ production of CSF ุจุชุชู… ู…ู†
1104
+
1105
+ 277
1106
+ 00:27:18,340 --> 00:27:23,220
1107
+ ุงุจู† ุฏุงูŠู…ุฉ ุงู„ cells ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ูƒุฑูˆูŠุฐูŠุง ู„ุจู„ูŠูƒุณุงุณ of
1108
+
1109
+ 278
1110
+ 00:27:23,220 --> 00:27:27,560
1111
+ lateral third and fourth ventricle ู„ูƒู† ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุดูŠุก
1112
+
1113
+ 279
1114
+ 00:27:27,560 --> 00:27:33,410
1115
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ lateral ventricleุจูŠู† ุฏุงูŠู…ุง ุจุชุนู…ู„
1116
+
1117
+ 280
1118
+ 00:27:33,410 --> 00:27:40,610
1119
+ extraction ุงูˆ production ู„ู„ CSF ู…ู† ุงู„ capillaries
1120
+
1121
+ 281
1122
+ 00:27:40,610 --> 00:27:45,630
1123
+ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุงุฑุชุฑูŠุฒ ูˆุจุชุนู…ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ูู„ุชุฑุฉ ูˆุจุชุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ CSF ู…ู†
1124
+
1125
+ 282
1126
+ 00:27:45,630 --> 00:27:48,210
1127
+ ุงู„ blood ู…ู† ุงู„ arterial blood ููŠ ุงู„ ventricular
1128
+
1129
+ 283
1130
+ 00:27:48,210 --> 00:27:53,910
1131
+ system circulation of CSF ุณูŠุจูˆู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ slide ู‡ุฐุง
1132
+
1133
+ 284
1134
+ 00:27:53,910 --> 00:27:58,410
1135
+ ู†ุชุจุน ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุนู„ู‰ slide ู‡ุงู† ุงูˆ ุจุชู‚ูˆู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ slide
1136
+
1137
+ 285
1138
+ 00:27:58,410 --> 00:28:01,730
1139
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุฑุณู…ุชู‡ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฑุณู…ุชู‡ุงุงู„ู€
1140
+
1141
+ 286
1142
+ 00:28:01,730 --> 00:28:07,190
1143
+ CSF ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุชู… ุงู„ู‡ production ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ third ventricle
1144
+
1145
+ 287
1146
+ 00:28:07,190 --> 00:28:11,910
1147
+ ุจุนุจุฑ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู€ interventricular forum ู…ู† ุฃูˆู…ู†ุฑูˆู‡
1148
+
1149
+ 288
1150
+ 00:28:11,910 --> 00:28:16,690
1151
+ right and left ูˆ ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ third ventricle ู‡ุง
1152
+
1153
+ 289
1154
+ 00:28:16,690 --> 00:28:25,090
1155
+ ุงูŠู‡ ุฏุฎู„ ูˆ ุฑุงุญูˆุง ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ .. ู†ุฑุณู… ุจู„ูˆู† ุซุงู†ูŠ ูˆ ุฑุงุญูˆุง
1156
+
1157
+ 290
1158
+ 00:28:25,090 --> 00:28:29,350
1159
+ ู„ .. ู„ู„ third ventricle
1160
+
1161
+ 291
1162
+ 00:28:35,420 --> 00:28:39,120
1163
+ ู‡ูŠูˆ ุจูŠุณู„ู…ูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ third ventricle ูˆ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ุงู„
1164
+
1165
+ 292
1166
+ 00:28:39,120 --> 00:28:43,660
1167
+ CSF ู…ู† ุงู„ third ventricle ูˆ ุจูŠุฏุฎู„ูˆุง ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
1168
+
1169
+ 293
1170
+ 00:28:43,660 --> 00:28:48,640
1171
+ ู„cerebral aqueduct ูˆ
1172
+
1173
+ 294
1174
+ 00:28:48,640 --> 00:28:53,320
1175
+ ุจูŠุฑูˆุญูˆุง ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ุงู„ third ู…ู† ุงู„ third ventricle
1176
+
1177
+ 295
1178
+ 00:28:53,320 --> 00:28:57,980
1179
+ ุจูŠุฑูˆุญูˆุง ู„ุงู„ fourth ventricle ุฌุฒุก ุจุณูŠุท ู…ู† ุงู„ CSF
1180
+
1181
+ 296
1182
+ 00:28:58,630 --> 00:29:03,510
1183
+ ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ู„ central spinal canal ู„ central spinal
1184
+
1185
+ 297
1186
+ 00:29:03,510 --> 00:29:08,730
1187
+ canal ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูƒุจุฑ ุจูŠุบุงุฏุฑ ุงู„ ventricles ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
1188
+
1189
+ 298
1190
+ 00:29:08,730 --> 00:29:12,570
1191
+ ู…ุงุฌูŠู†ุฏูŠ ููˆุฑุงู…ู†ุง ูˆ ู„ูˆุดูƒุง ููˆุฑุงู…ู†ุง right and left
1192
+
1193
+ 299
1194
+ 00:29:12,570 --> 00:29:17,710
1195
+ ุจูŠุบุงุฏุฑูˆุง ู…ู† ู„ูˆุดูƒุง ูˆ ู…ู† ู…ุงุฌูŠู†ุฏูŠ ููˆุฑุงู…ู†ุง ูˆ ุฃูŠู†
1196
+
1197
+ 300
1198
+ 00:29:17,710 --> 00:29:25,070
1199
+ ุจูŠุทู„ุนูˆุงุŸุงู„ู€ subarachnoid space of the brain and
1200
+
1201
+ 301
1202
+ 00:29:25,070 --> 00:29:30,710
1203
+ subarachnoid space of spinal cord ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡
1204
+
1205
+ 302
1206
+ 00:29:30,710 --> 00:29:35,570
1207
+ ุงู†ุง ุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒูˆุง ูƒู„ู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ slide ูˆุงุถุญ ูˆ ุณู„ุณ ูˆ ุณู‡ู„ ูˆ
1208
+
1209
+ 303
1210
+ 00:29:35,570 --> 00:29:42,250
1211
+ ู…ุด ุตุนุจ ู†ุชุจุน
1212
+
1213
+ 304
1214
+ 00:29:42,250 --> 00:29:46,850
1215
+ ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุณู„ุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงุจู†ุง ู†ุดูˆูู‡The CSF in each
1216
+
1217
+ 305
1218
+ 00:29:46,850 --> 00:29:49,490
1219
+ lateral ventricle ุจู…ูˆุฑู ุงู„ู€ Interventricular
1220
+
1221
+ 306
1222
+ 00:29:49,490 --> 00:29:54,010
1223
+ Foramen of Monroe ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ู„ู„ุซูŠุฑุฏ Ventricle ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
1224
+
1225
+ 307
1226
+ 00:29:54,010 --> 00:29:58,090
1227
+ Aqueduct of Silvius ุฃูˆ Silvius Aqueduct ุจู…ูˆุฑููŠู‡
1228
+
1229
+ 308
1230
+ 00:29:58,090 --> 00:30:02,110
1231
+ ูˆุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุจู†ุชุฌู„ ู„ู„ fourth ventricle ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ CSF
1232
+
1233
+ 309
1234
+ 00:30:02,110 --> 00:30:06,090
1235
+ ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ู„ู„ Central Spinal Canalูˆุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูƒุจุฑ ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ
1236
+
1237
+ 310
1238
+ 00:30:06,090 --> 00:30:10,230
1239
+ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ูุฑุงู…ูŠู† ู…ุงุฌูŠู†ุฏูŠ ูˆ ุชูˆู„ูˆุดูƒุง ูุฑุงู…ูŠู†
1240
+
1241
+ 311
1242
+ 00:30:10,230 --> 00:30:14,930
1243
+ ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ subarachnoid space ูˆ ุงู„ subarachnoid
1244
+
1245
+ 312
1246
+ 00:30:14,930 --> 00:30:19,150
1247
+ cistern ู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ู… cerebellum medullary cistern ูˆ
1248
+
1249
+ 313
1250
+ 00:30:19,150 --> 00:30:23,590
1251
+ ุจู†ุชูŠู† cistern ูƒู…ุงู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ subarachnoid
1252
+
1253
+ 314
1254
+ 00:30:23,590 --> 00:30:28,740
1255
+ spaceู…ู†ู‡ู… ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ู„ู„ู€ subarachnoid space ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„
1256
+
1257
+ 315
1258
+ 00:30:28,740 --> 00:30:32,500
1259
+ brain ูˆุงู„ spinal cord ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนุงู…ู„ู†ุง ูˆุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง
1260
+
1261
+ 316
1262
+ 00:30:32,500 --> 00:30:38,570
1263
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ circulation of CSF ุทุจ absorption of CSFุŸุงู„
1264
+
1265
+ 317
1266
+ 00:30:38,570 --> 00:30:43,390
1267
+ absorption of CSF ุจุชู… ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ arachnoid
1268
+
1269
+ 318
1270
+ 00:30:43,390 --> 00:30:47,370
1271
+ villi and arachnoid granulation ุดุฑุญุช ู„ูƒู… ุจูŠุงู… ููŠ
1272
+
1273
+ 319
1274
+ 00:30:47,370 --> 00:30:51,350
1275
+ arachnoid ู…ุทุฑ ูˆ ุจูŠุชู… absorption ูˆ reabsorption
1276
+
1277
+ 320
1278
+ 00:30:51,350 --> 00:30:56,050
1279
+ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ CSF ู„ู„ูŠ ุฏูŠูˆุฑุงู„ venous sinuses ูˆ ู…ู† ู„ูŠ
1280
+
1281
+ 321
1282
+ 00:30:56,050 --> 00:30:58,910
1283
+ ุฏูŠูˆุฑุงู„ venous sinuses ุจุชุฑูˆุญ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ jugular vein ูˆ
1284
+
1285
+ 322
1286
+ 00:30:58,910 --> 00:31:02,430
1287
+ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุจุชุฑูˆุญ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ venous blood ูˆ ุงู„ venous blood
1288
+
1289
+ 323
1290
+ 00:31:02,430 --> 00:31:10,100
1291
+ stream ู„ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ right atrium of the heartู‡ุฐุง ูˆุงุถุญ
1292
+
1293
+ 324
1294
+ 00:31:10,100 --> 00:31:13,560
1295
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… arachnoid granulation ุงู„ู€ arachnoid
1296
+
1297
+ 325
1298
+ 00:31:13,560 --> 00:31:16,300
1299
+ villi ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง microscopic ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ุงู„ CSF ู…ู† ุงู„ sub
1300
+
1301
+ 326
1302
+ 00:31:16,300 --> 00:31:19,660
1303
+ arachnoid space ูˆ ุจูŠุณู„ู…ูˆู‡ ู„ุฏูŠูˆุฑ ุงู„ venous sinuses
1304
+
1305
+ 327
1306
+ 00:31:19,660 --> 00:31:23,700
1307
+ what's the function of CSFุŸ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ functions ุชุจุน
1308
+
1309
+ 328
1310
+ 00:31:23,700 --> 00:31:29,120
1311
+ ุงู„ CSFุŸ ุงูˆู„ ุดูŠ support and protect the CNS against
1312
+
1313
+ 329
1314
+ 00:31:29,120 --> 00:31:34,420
1315
+ trauma ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู…ุชุตุงุต ู„ู„ุตุฏู…ุงุชTake place of
1316
+
1317
+ 330
1318
+ 00:31:34,420 --> 00:31:38,620
1319
+ the lymph ุจุนู…ู„ูˆุง protection ู„ู„ CNNS ู…ู† ุงู„ micro
1320
+
1321
+ 331
1322
+ 00:31:38,620 --> 00:31:44,700
1323
+ organism Regulation of the intracranial pressure
1324
+
1325
+ 332
1326
+ 00:31:46,010 --> 00:31:49,250
1327
+ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุงุญู†ุง ุงูˆู„ ุดูŠ ุจุฑุฌุน ู„ุฑู‚ู… ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง
1328
+
1329
+ 333
1330
+ 00:31:49,250 --> 00:31:52,590
1331
+ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ protection against microorganism ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ุงู„ CNS
1332
+
1333
+ 334
1334
+ 00:31:52,590 --> 00:31:56,810
1335
+ ู…ุงููŠุด ููŠ ุงู„ CNS lymph ุฃูˆ lymph nodes ุงูˆ lymphatic
1336
+
1337
+ 335
1338
+ 00:31:56,810 --> 00:32:01,730
1339
+ vessels ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠู‚ูˆู… ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ CSF ุฒุงุฏ
1340
+
1341
+ 336
1342
+ 00:32:01,730 --> 00:32:06,670
1343
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ microglial cellsregulation of the
1344
+
1345
+ 337
1346
+ 00:32:06,670 --> 00:32:10,330
1347
+ intracranial pressure remove metabolites and
1348
+
1349
+ 338
1350
+ 00:32:10,330 --> 00:32:13,810
1351
+ toxics from the central nervous system and
1352
+
1353
+ 339
1354
+ 00:32:13,810 --> 00:32:18,970
1355
+ nourishment function of CNS ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุบุฐูŠุฉ ู„ู„
1356
+
1357
+ 340
1358
+ 00:32:18,970 --> 00:32:23,290
1359
+ CNS ู‡ู†ุง ุจุฒูŠู„ูˆุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ ูˆุงู„ูุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู†
1360
+
1361
+ 341
1362
+ 00:32:23,290 --> 00:32:27,310
1363
+ ุงู„ู…ูŠุชุงุจุงู„ูŠุฒู… ูˆุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ ุงู„ุณุงู…ุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ brainุงู„ู€
1364
+
1365
+ 342
1366
+ 00:32:27,310 --> 00:32:32,430
1367
+ Characters of the normal CSF Appearance ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
1368
+
1369
+ 343
1370
+ 00:32:32,430 --> 00:32:35,970
1371
+ Clear Water Fluid Isotenic ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ูˆู† ู„ูˆู† ุงู„ู…ุงุก ุงู„
1372
+
1373
+ 344
1374
+ 00:32:35,970 --> 00:32:39,510
1375
+ amount ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ 100 ู„ 150 ู…ู„ูŠ ู„ุชุฑ ุงู„ replacement
1376
+
1377
+ 345
1378
+ 00:32:39,510 --> 00:32:45,150
1379
+ ุจุชุบูŠุฑ ุชู„ุงุซ ู…ุฑุงุช ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ CSF ุจูŠุญุฏุซ production ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง
1380
+
1381
+ 346
1382
+ 00:32:45,150 --> 00:32:48,590
1383
+ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ู…ู† ุนุดุฑุฉ ู„ุงุฑุจุน ู…ู† ุนุดุฑุฉ ู…ู„ูŠ ู„ุชุฑ ุจุงู„ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ
1384
+
1385
+ 347
1386
+ 00:32:48,590 --> 00:32:53,770
1387
+ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุจูŠุตู†ุน ุฌุณู…ู†ุง ู…ู† ุฃุฑุจุน ู…ูŠุฉ ู„ุฎู…ุณ ู…ุงุฆุฉ
1388
+
1389
+ 348
1390
+ 00:32:53,770 --> 00:32:59,380
1391
+ ู…ู„ูŠ ู„ุชุฑ CSFุงู„ pressure ุจุชุงุนู‡ 100 ู„ 180 millimeter
1392
+
1393
+ 349
1394
+ 00:32:59,380 --> 00:33:02,720
1395
+ of water ุงู„ blood pressure ุจูŠูƒูˆู† of mercury ู‡ุงู†ู‡
1396
+
1397
+ 350
1398
+ 00:33:02,720 --> 00:33:06,960
1399
+ of water ุงู„ rate of production ู‚ู„ู†ุงู‡ cells ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง
1400
+
1401
+ 351
1402
+ 00:33:06,960 --> 00:33:10,100
1403
+ ุงู„ cells ุงู„ white blood cells ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ู…ู† 0 ู„ 5 ูˆ
1404
+
1405
+ 352
1406
+ 00:33:10,100 --> 00:33:13,580
1407
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ูƒู„ู‡ู… lymphocytes ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ูƒู„ู‡ู… lymphocytes
1408
+
1409
+ 353
1410
+ 00:33:13,580 --> 00:33:17,440
1411
+ ูˆู„ุง ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู†ูŠุชุฑูˆ ููŠู„ุฒ ุงู„ RBCs ูƒู„ูˆุงุช ุงู„ุฏู… ุงู„ุญู…ุฑุงุก
1412
+
1413
+ 354
1414
+ 00:33:17,440 --> 00:33:19,900
1415
+ ู„ุงุฒู… ุชูƒูˆู† zero ู…ุด ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูƒู„ูˆุงุช ุงู„ุฏู… ุงู„ุญู…ุฑุงุก
1416
+
1417
+ 355
1418
+ 00:33:20,390 --> 00:33:25,450
1419
+ ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ 60 ู…ูŠู„ูŠ ุฌุฑุงู… ู„ุฏูŠุณู„ุชุฑ ูˆ ุฃุตุญู‰ ู†ู‚ูˆู„ 70% ู…ู†
1420
+
1421
+ 356
1422
+ 00:33:25,450 --> 00:33:27,530
1423
+ ุงู„ู€ Ceramic Glucose ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุฑูŠุถ
1424
+
1425
+ 357
1426
+ 00:33:27,530 --> 00:33:30,770
1427
+ ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุณูƒุฑู‡ ุนุงู„ูŠ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุนูƒุณุŒ ุณูƒุฑู‡ ู…ุญุฑูˆู‚ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุชุชู…
1428
+
1429
+ 358
1430
+ 00:33:30,770 --> 00:33:33,830
1431
+ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Ceramic Glucose ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Total
1432
+
1433
+ 359
1434
+ 00:33:33,830 --> 00:33:39,090
1435
+ Protein ู…ู† 15 ู„ 50 ู…ูŠู„ูŠ ุฌุฑุงู… ู„ุฏูŠุณู„ุชุฑุŒ ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุดุฑุญ
1436
+
1437
+ 360
1438
+ 00:33:39,090 --> 00:33:43,600
1439
+ ุจุณ ู„ูˆ .. ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ุงู„ tumor ู‡ู†ุงู„ูˆ ุงุฌุช tumor ููŠ ุงู„
1440
+
1441
+ 361
1442
+ 00:33:43,600 --> 00:33:49,120
1443
+ midbrain ุงูˆ ููŠ ุงู„cerebellum ูˆุถุบุท ุนู„ู‰ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1444
+
1445
+ 362
1446
+ 00:33:49,120 --> 00:33:52,220
1447
+ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ Sylvius aqueductุŒ cerebral aqueduct ููŠ
1448
+
1449
+ 363
1450
+ 00:33:52,220 --> 00:33:56,940
1451
+ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง hydrocephalusุŒ
1452
+
1453
+ 364
1454
+ 00:33:56,940 --> 00:34:00,450
1455
+ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงู†ุชูุงุฎููŠ ุงู„ุจุทูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุงุฏ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุตูŠุฑ
1456
+
1457
+ 365
1458
+ 00:34:00,450 --> 00:34:04,130
1459
+ dilatation ููŠ ุงู„ third ventricle ูˆ ุงู„ both
1460
+
1461
+ 366
1462
+ 00:34:04,130 --> 00:34:09,150
1463
+ ventricle ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ exclusion ููŠ one monroe ูŠุตูŠุฑ
1464
+
1465
+ 367
1466
+ 00:34:09,150 --> 00:34:12,910
1467
+ dilatation ููŠ one lateral ventricle two monroe ููŠ
1468
+
1469
+ 368
1470
+ 00:34:12,910 --> 00:34:15,770
1471
+ ุงู„ two lateral ventricles ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง
1472
+
1473
+ 369
1474
+ 00:34:18,850 --> 00:34:21,890
1475
+ ุจู‡ูŠูƒ ุจู†ูƒูˆู† ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆุตู„ู†ุง ู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุจุชุงุนุฉ
1476
+
1477
+ 370
1478
+ 00:34:21,890 --> 00:34:25,070
1479
+ ุงู„ mini G ูˆ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ ventricular system of the brain
1480
+
1481
+ 371
1482
+ 00:34:25,070 --> 00:34:27,870
1483
+ and cerebrospinal fluid circulation
1484
+
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/G6Vhdm1UDcc_postprocess.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,1264 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:05,130 --> 00:00:07,970
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆ ุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:07,970 --> 00:00:13,370
7
+ ู†ูƒู…ู„ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุชุงุณุน which is cranial nerves
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:13,370 --> 00:00:17,390
11
+ ุฑู‚ู… 2 ููŠ ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู†ุง ุดุฑุญุช ู„ูƒู… facial
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:17,390 --> 00:00:22,090
15
+ nerve ูˆุงุชูุงุฌู†ุง ุงู†ู‡ vestibulocochlear nerve ุฑุงุญ
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:22,090 --> 00:00:27,140
19
+ ู†ุดุฑุญู‡ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ special sensationุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุงูˆ ุฌุฒุก
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:27,140 --> 00:00:30,560
23
+ ุงู„ุงู† ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ aglosopharyngeal nerve , vagus
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:30,560 --> 00:00:34,920
27
+ nerve, accessory nerve ูˆ vagus nerve ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจ
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:34,920 --> 00:00:38,700
31
+ aglosopharyngeal nerve aglosopharyngeal nerve it
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:38,700 --> 00:00:41,640
35
+ is mixed nerve it is mixed nerve ูŠุจู‚ู‰
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:41,640 --> 00:00:45,900
39
+ aglosopharyngeal nerve it is mixed nerve which
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:45,900 --> 00:00:51,460
43
+ contain sensory fibers motor fibers and
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:00:51,460 --> 00:00:57,910
47
+ parasympatheticit is more important as sensory ู„ุฃู†
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:00:57,910 --> 00:01:06,630
51
+ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุงู„ุฃูุฑุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠู‡ ุชุนุชุจุฑ ุฃุนุตุงุจ ุญุณูŠุฉ emerged from
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:06,630 --> 00:01:14,130
55
+ the posterior lateral sulcus of medulla oblongata
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:14,130 --> 00:01:19,250
59
+ ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ posterior lateral sulcus of medulla
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:19,250 --> 00:01:22,190
63
+ oblongata ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ glossopharyngeal nerve
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:27,070 --> 00:01:32,350
67
+ ุซู… ุชู†ุชู‚ู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ jugular foramen ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:32,350 --> 00:01:37,750
71
+ jugular foramen ุงุชูุงู‚ู†ุง ุงู† ุงู„ functions ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:37,750 --> 00:01:41,950
75
+ glossopharyngeal nerve motor sensory
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:41,950 --> 00:01:47,610
79
+ parasympathetic main function is sensory ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:47,610 --> 00:01:49,890
83
+ nuclei of the glossopharyngeal nerve ุฑุญ ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:01:49,890 --> 00:01:54,980
87
+ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุฃู†ูˆุงุนูˆุญุฏุฉ motor ูˆุญุฏุฉ sensory ูˆ ุจุงุฑุง
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:01:54,980 --> 00:02:01,080
91
+ sympathetic ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ motor motor nucleus ุงุณู…ู‡ุง
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:01,080 --> 00:02:06,480
95
+ nucleus of ambiguous nucleus of ambiguous nucleus
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:06,480 --> 00:02:10,240
99
+ of
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:10,240 --> 00:02:14,420
103
+ ambiguous
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:17,550 --> 00:02:22,250
107
+ Nucleus of Ambigus ุจุชุนุทูŠ 3 nerve ุจุชุฎุฏู†ุง ูƒู… ุนุตุงุจ
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:22,250 --> 00:02:29,650
111
+ ุชู„ุงุซุฉ ุจุชุฎุฏู†ุง ุงู„ glossopharyngeal nerve ุชู„ุงุซุฉ
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:29,650 --> 00:02:38,930
115
+ ุจุชุฎุฏู†ุง ุงู„ vegas nerve ุชู„ุงุซุฉ ุจุชุฎุฏู†ุง ุงู„ cranial
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:38,930 --> 00:02:43,760
119
+ nerveaccessory nerve ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ nucleus ุงู„ู„ูŠ
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:43,760 --> 00:02:47,620
123
+ ู‡ูŠ ambiguous nucleus ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง ู„ุซู„ุงุซ ุนุตุงุจ ุจุชุนุทูŠ
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:02:47,620 --> 00:02:57,780
127
+ ู„ู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุชุงุณู… ุนุดุฑ ุงุญุฏุงุด ูˆุงุถูุชู‡ุง somatic motor
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:02:57,780 --> 00:03:03,880
131
+ nucleus ุงูŠุด somatic motor nucleus ูŠุนู†ูŠ supply
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:03:03,880 --> 00:03:10,440
135
+ skeletal muscles supply ู„ุฅูŠู‡ skeletal musclesOkay
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:10,440 --> 00:03:17,020
139
+ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃูˆู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ sub inferior
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:17,020 --> 00:03:21,300
143
+ salivary nucleus ูŠูˆู… ุงุดุฑุญุช facial nerve ุงุชูƒู„ู…ุช ุนู„ู‰
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:21,300 --> 00:03:24,020
147
+ superior salivary nucleus ู„ุฅู† ุงู„ glucose
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:24,020 --> 00:03:27,760
151
+ pharyngeal nerve ููŠ inferior salivary nucleus
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:27,760 --> 00:03:32,960
155
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃูˆุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ูˆุธูุชู‡ุง supply the
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:34,530 --> 00:03:38,070
159
+ Parotid gland ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆู† ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง ุงูŠู‡ ุจุชุบุฏูŠู† ู…ูŠู†
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:38,070 --> 00:03:43,350
163
+ Parotid gland ุงูŠุด ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง Parasympathetic function
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:43,350 --> 00:03:47,850
167
+ Parasympathetic function ูˆุงูŠู‡ ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉ Solitary
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:47,850 --> 00:03:53,950
171
+ nucleus ุงุญู†ุง ุดุฑุญู†ุงู‡ุง ู‡ูŠ Solitary nucleus Solitary
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:03:53,950 --> 00:03:56,970
175
+ nucleus
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:03:56,970 --> 00:04:02,350
179
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ Oblongata for general
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:04:04,350 --> 00:04:11,190
183
+ and taste sensation ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ nucleus ุฑุงุญ ุชุชูƒุฑุฑ
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:11,190 --> 00:04:13,790
187
+ ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุนุตุงุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ู… ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ taste
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:13,790 --> 00:04:20,770
191
+ sensation ููŠ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง general ูˆ taste
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:20,770 --> 00:04:28,830
195
+ sensation ุชู…ุงู… ููŠ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุนุชู†ูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:28,830 --> 00:04:32,510
199
+ ุงู„ู€ Glossopharyngeal ู„ู€ Taste ูˆ General Sensation
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:32,510 --> 00:04:41,510
203
+ ูˆ ู„ู€ Vegas Nerve ู‡ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุชูƒุฑุฑ ููŠ ุชู„ุงุช ุนุตุงุจ
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:41,510 --> 00:04:47,330
207
+ ุชุชูƒุฑุฑ
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:04:47,330 --> 00:04:53,310
211
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน ูˆ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน ูˆ ุนุดุฑ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:04:55,650 --> 00:05:03,170
215
+ ุณูˆู„ูŠุชุงุฑูŠู‡ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงู‡ ุงู†ุจูŠูˆุบุงุณ for motor
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:05:03,170 --> 00:05:08,490
219
+ function ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง fibers ู„ู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ supply of stylo
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:05:08,490 --> 00:05:10,610
223
+ pharyngeal muscle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠู‚ู„ุต ุงู„ pharyngeal ู†ูŠุฑ
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:05:10,610 --> 00:05:14,330
227
+ ุจูŠู‚ุฏู‘ูŠ ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุซู…ุงู†ุฉ ุงู†ูุฑูŠูˆ ุณุงู„ูŠูุฑูŠู‡ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:05:14,330 --> 00:05:17,730
231
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ู†ุฌุงุชู‡ for parotid gland
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:17,730 --> 00:05:21,530
235
+ parasympathetic function ูˆุณูˆู„ูŠุชุงุฑูŠู‡ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงู‡ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:21,530 --> 00:05:27,160
239
+ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ู†ุฌุงุชู‡ ูˆุงุถูุชู‡ุง sensory functionู†ุชูƒู„ู…
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:27,160 --> 00:05:29,700
243
+ ุงู„ุขู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ functions of Glossopharyngeal nerve
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:29,700 --> 00:05:32,980
247
+ ุงุชูุงู‚ู†ุง ุงู†ู‡ mixed nerveุŒ the main function is
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:32,980 --> 00:05:38,820
251
+ sensory functionุŒ first function is sensoryุŒ
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:05:38,820 --> 00:05:42,900
255
+ supply ุงูˆ receive taste sensation and general
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:05:42,900 --> 00:05:47,980
259
+ sensation from posterior one third of the tongue
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:05:48,380 --> 00:05:54,820
263
+ ุฃุซู†ูŠู† ู…ูŠูƒูˆุฒุง ู…ูŠู…ุจุฑุงูŠู† ูุงุฑู†ูƒุณ ูˆ ุชูˆู†ุฒู„ ูƒุงุฑูˆุชุฏ ุตูŠู†ุณ ูˆ
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:05:54,820 --> 00:05:58,980
267
+ ูƒุงุฑูˆุชุฏ ุจูˆุฏูŠ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ sensory function
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:06:01,300 --> 00:06:06,000
271
+ Parasympathetic function supply parotid gland ูŠู‚ูˆู„
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:06,000 --> 00:06:10,800
275
+ ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† parotid gland ุซู„ุงุซุฉ motor
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:10,800 --> 00:06:14,540
279
+ function supply only one muscle it is
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:14,540 --> 00:06:20,160
283
+ Stylopharyngeus muscle Stylopharyngeus muscle ู‡ุงูŠ
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:20,160 --> 00:06:25,420
287
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ุจุณุชูŠุฑ one third of the tongue taste
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:06:33,170 --> 00:06:40,430
291
+ and general sensation ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุจุชุงุฎุฏุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุตุจ
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:06:40,430 --> 00:06:44,650
295
+ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน Glossopharyngeal ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ taste ูˆ
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:06:44,650 --> 00:06:51,650
299
+ general sensation ุทูŠุจ anterior to third ุงู„
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:06:51,650 --> 00:07:00,210
303
+ anterior to third ุชู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุงู„ anterior to third ู…ู†
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:07:00,210 --> 00:07:00,710
307
+ ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:07:05,390 --> 00:07:11,950
311
+ test sensation from
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:07:11,950 --> 00:07:17,930
315
+ facial nerve ู…ู† ุงู„ facial nerve test sensation ุทูŠุจ
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:07:17,930 --> 00:07:23,430
319
+ general sensation
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:23,430 --> 00:07:27,590
323
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงูŠุด ู…ู‚ุตูˆุฏ ุจุงู„ general sensation pain
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:27,590 --> 00:07:34,090
327
+ temperature touch sensation ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆู…ุงู†ุฏูŠุจูˆู„ุงุฑ
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:07:34,090 --> 00:07:37,950
331
+ ู†ูŠุฑู ู…ุงู†ุฏูŠุจูˆู„ุงุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃุตู„ู‡ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ู…ุงู†ุฏูŠุจูˆู„ุงุฑ
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:07:37,950 --> 00:07:43,410
335
+ ู†ูŠุฑู ู…ู† ุชุฑูŠ ุฌูŠู…ูŠู†ุงู„ ู†ูŠุฑู ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ innervation of
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:07:43,410 --> 00:07:46,150
339
+ the tongue even ุงู„ taste ูˆ ุงู„ general sensation
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:07:46,150 --> 00:07:49,090
343
+ from the posterior and third ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ุง ุงู„
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:07:49,090 --> 00:07:57,670
347
+ glossopharyngeal nerve ุงู„ุขู†
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:07:57,670 --> 00:08:03,300
351
+ ุจู†ุชุฌ ุงู„ Vegas nerve ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุนุงุดุฑit is mixed nerve
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:08:03,300 --> 00:08:08,020
355
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฑู‚ู… ุนุดุฑ ุชู„ุงู ูˆ ุชุณุนู…ูŠุฉ ูˆ ุฎู…ุณ ูˆ ุณุจุนูŠู† ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:08:08,020 --> 00:08:16,660
359
+ it is more important ุงูˆ most important function is
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:08:16,660 --> 00:08:22,260
363
+ parasympathetic function ู„ูˆ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ Vegas
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:08:22,260 --> 00:08:28,420
367
+ nerve it is most important nerve
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:08:30,360 --> 00:08:36,320
371
+ as parasympathetic ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุฃู‡ู… parasympathetic
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:08:36,320 --> 00:08:40,500
375
+ nerve ููŠ ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุงู„ function ุชุจุนุชู‡ motor
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:08:40,500 --> 00:08:45,660
379
+ function ู„ู€ skeletal muscles ุจุงุฑุง ุณูŠู…ุจุงุชุงุชูŠูƒ
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:08:45,660 --> 00:08:50,000
383
+ function ู„ู€ smooth muscles ูƒุงุฑุฏูŠุงูƒ muscles ุชุจุนุช ุงู„
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:08:50,000 --> 00:08:54,700
387
+ internal organs ูˆ ู„ ุงู„ glands ูˆ sensory function
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:08:54,700 --> 00:08:59,400
391
+ as sensation nuclei of Vegas nerve
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:09:02,140 --> 00:09:08,860
395
+ ููŠ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุงุซู†ุชูŠู† ุดุฑุญู†ุงู‡ู… main part of nucleus
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:09:08,860 --> 00:09:14,060
399
+ ambigus ู‡ูŠ ุจุชุนุทูŠ ุงู„ููŠุฌุณ ู†ูŠุฑุจ ุจุชุบุฏูŠู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ skeletal
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:09:14,060 --> 00:09:18,320
403
+ muscles ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ larynx, pharynx and palate ู‡ูŠ
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:09:18,320 --> 00:09:25,810
407
+ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ูˆ solitary nucleus ุดุฑุญู†ุงู‡ุงู‚ู„ู†ุง ุจุชุบุฏู‰ ูƒู…ุงู† ุงู„
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:09:25,810 --> 00:09:31,890
411
+ Vega snare ู„ taste sensation from AP glottis ูˆ
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:09:31,890 --> 00:09:37,050
415
+ general sensation ู…ู† ุงู„ area supplied by the
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:09:37,050 --> 00:09:39,570
419
+ parasympathetic fibers ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุตุงุฑ ู…ุนุงู‡ ุฌู„ุทุฉ
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:09:39,570 --> 00:09:44,230
423
+ ููŠ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ุจุดุนูˆุฑ ุจุฃู„ู… ุงู„ Vega snare ุจุดุนุฑ ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:09:44,230 --> 00:09:48,740
427
+ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู‚ุฑุญุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุนุฏุฉุญุฏุซ ู‚ุฑุญ ู‚ุฑุญุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุนูŠุฏุฉ ุนู†ุฏู‡
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:09:48,740 --> 00:09:52,500
431
+ ูˆููŠู‡ ุฃู„ู… ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุนูŠุฏุฉ ุงู„ Vegas nerve ุจุดุนุฑ ููŠู‡ุง ู…ุฑูŠุถ
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:09:52,500 --> 00:09:56,340
435
+ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฏู†ุงู… ููŠ ุงู„ 12 ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:09:56,340 --> 00:10:01,780
439
+ Vegas nerve ุจูŠุบุฏูŠู†ุง ุงู„ respiratory system heart
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:10:01,780 --> 00:10:07,720
443
+ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู‡ุถู…ูŠ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ junction between
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:10:09,190 --> 00:10:13,930
447
+ right two thirds of transverse colon ู…ุน ุงู„ left
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:10:13,930 --> 00:10:17,750
451
+ one third ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ ุงู„ู…ุนุฏุฉ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ ุงู„ pancreas
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:10:17,750 --> 00:10:21,230
455
+ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ ุงู„ุงุซู†ู‰ ุนุดุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุนุงุก ุงู„ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ small intestine
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:10:21,230 --> 00:10:25,430
459
+ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ ุงู„ุฃู…ุนุงุก ุงู„ุบู„ูŠุธุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ascending colon
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:10:25,430 --> 00:10:30,310
463
+ transverse right two thirds right two thirds of
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:10:30,310 --> 00:10:34,020
467
+ transverse colon ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ู…ู† Vegasุทุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ู…
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:10:34,020 --> 00:10:37,760
471
+ left one third, descending colon, sigmoid, rectum
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:10:37,760 --> 00:10:41,660
475
+ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ู…ู† ุงู„ sacral part of parasympathetic
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:10:41,660 --> 00:10:46,540
479
+ nervous system ุงุดุฑุญู‡ุง ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุชุจุน ุงู„
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:10:46,540 --> 00:10:51,980
483
+ autonomic nervous system ูˆ ุงู„ nucleus ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉ
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:10:51,980 --> 00:10:58,060
487
+ dorsal motor nucleus of vegas ุทุจ ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ูŠุงุฏ ุงู†ุช
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:10:58,060 --> 00:11:02,470
491
+ ู‚ู„ุชู„ู†ุง ambiguous motorูˆูƒู…ุงู† ููŠ ุฏูˆุฑุณุงู„ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:11:02,470 --> 00:11:06,690
495
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุฏูˆุฑุณุงู„ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุฃูˆู ููŠุฌุงุณ it is the
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:11:06,690 --> 00:11:12,490
499
+ most important parasympathetic nucleus in the body
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:11:12,490 --> 00:11:15,950
503
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุฅูŠุด ูŠุง ุฌู…ุงุนุฉุŒ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ glandsุŒ ุจุชุบุถูŠ
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:11:15,950 --> 00:11:19,990
507
+ ุงู„ glandsุŒ as secretomotorุŒ ู‡ูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉุŒ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:11:19,990 --> 00:11:23,980
511
+ cardiac muscleุŒ involuntary muscleู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:11:23,980 --> 00:11:27,840
515
+ smooth muscles ุงู„ respiratory system ูˆุงู„ GIT
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:11:27,840 --> 00:11:31,940
519
+ system ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ junction between right two third of
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:11:31,940 --> 00:11:34,380
523
+ transverse colon ู…ุน ุงู„ left one third of
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:11:34,380 --> 00:11:38,680
527
+ transverse colon ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฏูˆุฑุณุฉ ุงู„ motor
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:11:38,680 --> 00:11:43,560
531
+ nucleus of Vegas ุงู„ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุชุจุนุชู‡ุง Parasympathetic
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:11:43,560 --> 00:11:48,690
535
+ function Parasympathetic functionุงู„ู€
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:11:48,690 --> 00:11:51,290
539
+ Parasympathetic nervous system ู†ุดุฑุญู‡ุง ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:11:51,290 --> 00:11:54,990
543
+ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ู…ู†ูุตู„ุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง autonomic nervous system
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:11:54,990 --> 00:11:58,110
547
+ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุดุฑุญ ููŠู‡ุง sympathetic nervous system ูˆ
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:11:58,110 --> 00:12:01,750
551
+ Parasympathetic nervous system ุงู„ Vegas nerve ู‡ูˆ
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:12:01,750 --> 00:12:07,090
555
+ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ุฃูˆ ุฃู‡ู… ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ู„ู‡ ู‡ูŠ
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:12:07,090 --> 00:12:14,870
559
+ Parasympathetic functionู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุจุฎุฑุฌุŸ from the
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:12:14,870 --> 00:12:22,290
563
+ posterior lateral sulcus of medulla oblongata ุฎุฑุฌ
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:12:22,290 --> 00:12:24,050
567
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ posterior lateral sulcus of medulla
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:12:24,050 --> 00:12:30,090
571
+ oblongata ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุจููˆุถ ููŠ ุฌุงุฌูˆู„ุงุฑ ููˆุฑุงู…ู† ูˆ ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู†
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:12:30,090 --> 00:12:36,500
575
+ ุฌุงุฌูˆู„ุงุฑ ููˆุฑุงู…ู† ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ Vegas nerveู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ Vegas
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:12:36,500 --> 00:12:41,220
579
+ nerve ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ left Vegas nerve ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:12:41,220 --> 00:12:46,240
583
+ right Vegas nerve ู…ู‚ู„ูˆุจุฉ ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุจุตูŠุฑ view ุงู„ุงุฎุชู„ุงู
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:12:46,240 --> 00:12:53,260
587
+ ููŠู‡ู… ุงู†ู‡ ููŠ ุนุตุจ ุงุณู…ู‡ recurrent laryngeal nerve ุงู„
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:12:53,260 --> 00:12:57,460
591
+ right recurrent laryngeal nerveุจูŠุนู…ู„ hooking ุจูŠู„ู
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:12:57,460 --> 00:13:04,380
595
+ ูˆ ุจูŠุฑุฌุน ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ posterior part of the
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:13:04,380 --> 00:13:08,700
599
+ subclavian artery ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู†ู‚ู„ ู‡ูˆ right recurrent
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:13:08,700 --> 00:13:12,620
603
+ laryngeal nerve ุจูŠุนู…ู„ hooking ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:13:12,620 --> 00:13:17,300
607
+ right subclavian artery ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ ..
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:13:22,500 --> 00:13:26,660
611
+ Left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ุจูŠุนู…ู„ Hooking ูˆ
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:13:26,660 --> 00:13:30,120
615
+ ุจูŠู„ู ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุฑุด of the aorta ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ู…ุง ุจูŠู†ู‡ู…
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:13:30,120 --> 00:13:33,600
619
+ ุงู†ู‡ Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุณู…ูˆู‡
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:13:33,600 --> 00:13:37,920
623
+ Recurrent ุจูŠุฑุฌุน ุฑ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝูˆุน ูˆ ุงู„ right ุจูŠุนู…ู„ Hooking ูˆ
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:13:37,920 --> 00:13:41,380
627
+ ุจูŠู„ู ุฎู„ู ุงู„ subclavian artery ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right side
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:13:41,380 --> 00:13:46,740
631
+ ุฃู…ุง ู„ู„ left ุจูŠู„ู ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงู„ุงุฑุด of the aorta ู‡ุฐุง
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:13:46,740 --> 00:13:55,960
635
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ Vegas nerveูˆู‡ู†ุง Vegas nerve ู‡ุฐุง right ูˆู‡ุฐุง
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:13:55,960 --> 00:14:02,120
639
+ left ุทุจ ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู…ู„ hawking ูˆู„ู ูˆุตุนุฏ ุนูˆุฏ ุฑุฌุน ุงุณู…ู‡
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:14:02,120 --> 00:14:07,240
643
+ left recurrent laryngeal nerve ูˆู‡ุฐุง right
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:14:07,240 --> 00:14:14,260
647
+ recurrent laryngeal nerve ุงุญู†ุง ุดุฑุญู†ุง ุงูŠุด ุงู„ุฎู„ุงู ู…ุง
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:14:14,260 --> 00:14:17,240
651
+ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ right ูˆ ุงู„ left Vegas nerve
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:14:27,260 --> 00:14:32,620
655
+ ู‡ูŠูˆ ุนู†ุฏู‰ ู†ุงุฒู„ Vegas nerve ูˆุจูŠุนุทู‰ ุงู„ branches
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:14:32,620 --> 00:14:36,780
659
+ ุจุชุงุนูŠู†ู‡ ู…ุงุฑุงุญ ุงููˆุช ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ู…ุนุงูƒู… ููŠ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:14:36,780 --> 00:14:45,020
663
+ branches ุจุชุงุนูŠู†ู‡ ุจู†ุชุงุฌู‰
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:14:45,020 --> 00:14:52,500
667
+ ู„ุงู† ู„ู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ 11 ุงุณู…ู‡ accessory nerve it is purely
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:14:52,500 --> 00:14:58,310
671
+ motor nerve it is purely motor nervetwo roots ุฅู„ู‡
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:14:58,310 --> 00:15:04,770
675
+ two roots one cranial root ูˆ another spinal root
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:15:04,770 --> 00:15:10,750
679
+ cranial root arise from the medulla oblongata ู…ู†
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:15:10,750 --> 00:15:15,510
683
+ ูˆูŠู† ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ู„ cranial rootุŸุจูŠุฌูŠ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู†
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:15:15,510 --> 00:15:19,110
687
+ ambiguous nucleus ุจูŠุฌูŠ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ambiguous nucleus
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:15:19,110 --> 00:15:23,570
691
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ูƒุฑูŠู†ูŠุง ุงู„ุฑูˆุช ุฃุตู„ู‡ ู…ู† ambiguous nucleus ุงู„ู„ูŠ
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:15:23,570 --> 00:15:26,950
695
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃูˆ ุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุฌูˆุฌู„
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:15:26,950 --> 00:15:30,770
699
+ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุญูˆุฑู…ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒุฑูŠู†ูŠุง ุงู„ุฑูˆุช ุจูŠุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ Vegas
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:15:30,770 --> 00:15:36,890
703
+ nerve ูˆ ุจูŠุฏุฎู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ Vegas nerve ูˆ ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุชูŠู† ูˆ
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:15:36,890 --> 00:15:40,630
707
+ pharyngeal muscle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ูู‚ุท ุจ skeletal
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:15:40,630 --> 00:15:44,610
711
+ musclesู…ุง ุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุงูƒุฑุงู†ูŠุง ุงู„ุฑูˆุช ู„ุงู†ู‡
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:15:44,610 --> 00:15:48,150
715
+ ุฏุฎู„ ู…ุน ู…ูŠู† ู…ุน ุงู„ Vegas Nair ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:15:48,150 --> 00:15:52,980
719
+ accessory Nairู‡ูˆ spinal root ู‡ุฐุง spinal root
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:15:52,980 --> 00:15:58,100
723
+ ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ upper four five cervical segments ู…ู†
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:15:58,100 --> 00:16:01,860
727
+ ุงู„ anterior horn cells then ุงู„ุณู† ุจูŠุตุนุฏ ุจูŠููˆุช ููŠ ุงู„
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:16:01,860 --> 00:16:05,660
731
+ foramen magnum ูˆุจูŠุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ cranial part ู…ุน ุงู„ุฌุฒุก
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:16:05,660 --> 00:16:08,900
735
+ ุงู„ุฌุงู…ู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุถู„ ู‚ุจู„ ุงู† ุฌุงุชู‡ ูˆ ุจูŠุบุงุฏุฑูˆุง ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:16:08,900 --> 00:16:11,020
739
+ jugular foramen ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ูŠุบุงุฏุฑูˆุง ุงู„ jugular foramen
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:16:11,020 --> 00:16:14,800
743
+ ุจู†ูุตู„ูˆุง ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ู…ุง ุจูŠุญุจูˆุด ุจุนุถ ู‡ุฐุง spinal ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:16:14,800 --> 00:16:18,420
747
+ cranialุงู„ู€ cranial ุจุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ Vegas nerve ูˆ
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:16:18,420 --> 00:16:21,740
751
+ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠู†ุง ู„ ุงู„ palatine muscle ูˆ ุงู„ pharyngeal
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:16:21,740 --> 00:16:26,820
755
+ muscle ูˆ ุงู„ spinal nerves ุจูŠุบุฏูŠู†ุง ู„ two muscles
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:16:26,820 --> 00:16:31,200
759
+ sternocleidomastoid muscle ูˆ ุงุถูŠูุช ู„ ุงู„
760
+
761
+ 191
762
+ 00:16:31,200 --> 00:16:34,480
763
+ sternocleidomastoid muscle ุงูŠุด ูˆุถูŠูุชู‡ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉุŸ
764
+
765
+ 192
766
+ 00:16:34,480 --> 00:16:39,730
767
+ ุงู„ right ุจุชู„ู ุงู„ head ูˆ ุงู„ left ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ leftุจุชู„ู ุงู„
768
+
769
+ 193
770
+ 00:16:39,730 --> 00:16:42,290
771
+ head ูˆ ุงู„ neck ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ left ุทุจ ูˆ ุงู„ left ุณูŠุฑู†ุงูƒ
772
+
773
+ 194
774
+ 00:16:42,290 --> 00:16:45,750
775
+ ู„ูŠุฏู‡ ู…ุณุชุนุฏ ุจุชู„ู ุงู„ head ูˆ ุงู„ neck ุนู„ูŠ ูˆูŠู† ุนู„ูŠ ุงู„
776
+
777
+ 195
778
+ 00:16:45,750 --> 00:16:49,390
779
+ right ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ุนุถู„ู‡ ุฏูŠ ุนูƒุณูŠ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุจุชู„ู
780
+
781
+ 196
782
+ 00:16:49,390 --> 00:16:52,470
783
+ ุงู„ุฑุฃุณ ูˆ ุงู„ุฑุฌุจ ุนู„ูŠ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ุทุจ ูˆ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ุจุชู„ู ุนู„ูŠ
784
+
785
+ 197
786
+ 00:16:52,470 --> 00:16:58,250
787
+ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุงู†ุง ุงุญุฑูƒ ุฑุฃุณูŠ ุนู„ูŠ ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑู…ู† ุญุฑูƒู‡ุงุŸ right
788
+
789
+ 198
790
+ 00:16:58,250 --> 00:17:01,810
791
+ sternocleidomastoid muscle ุทุจ ู†ุญุฑูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู†
792
+
793
+ 199
794
+ 00:17:01,810 --> 00:17:06,590
795
+ ุญุฑูƒู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† left sternocleidomastoid
796
+
797
+ 200
798
+ 00:17:06,590 --> 00:17:11,940
799
+ muscle ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ trapezius muscleTrapezius
800
+
801
+ 201
802
+ 00:17:11,940 --> 00:17:15,940
803
+ muscle ู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠุตู„ุญู‡ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ู…ุด ู…ุธุจูˆุทุฉ shoulder
804
+
805
+ 202
806
+ 00:17:15,940 --> 00:17:19,000
807
+ elevation ู„ุฃ ุงู„ shoulder elevation ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„
808
+
809
+ 203
810
+ 00:17:19,000 --> 00:17:22,780
811
+ elevation ู„ู„ shoulder ู‡ูŠ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู‡ูŠ deltoid muscle
812
+
813
+ 204
814
+ 00:17:22,780 --> 00:17:26,460
815
+ ุฏู„ุชูˆูŠุฏ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„ elevation ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง shoulder
816
+
817
+ 205
818
+ 00:17:26,460 --> 00:17:27,780
819
+ shrugging
820
+
821
+ 206
822
+ 00:17:31,240 --> 00:17:35,300
823
+ shoulder shrugging ุฌูŠู†ุง ุณุฃู„ู†ุงูƒูˆุง ุณุคุงู„ ู†ุนุทูŠูƒู…
824
+
825
+ 207
826
+ 00:17:35,300 --> 00:17:39,060
827
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฅุถุงููŠุฉ ูŠูˆู… ุงู„ุฌู…ุนุฉ ุฃุฑุจุน ุณุงุนุงุช ุฅูŠุด ุฑุงุญ ุงู„ุทู„ุงุจ
828
+
829
+ 208
830
+ 00:17:39,060 --> 00:17:42,260
831
+ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง ูƒู„ู‡ู… ู…ุงุจุฏู†ุงุด ู„ุฃ ู…ุงุจุฏู†ุง ุฅูŠุด ุนู…ู„ู†ุง ุงุญู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„
832
+
833
+ 209
834
+ 00:17:42,260 --> 00:17:45,580
835
+ shoulder ุนู…ู„ู†ุง shrugging ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง
836
+
837
+ 210
838
+ 00:17:45,580 --> 00:17:50,650
839
+ shruggingู„ูƒู† ู‡ุฐู‡ elevation ุงู„ elevation ุฏู„ุชูˆูŠุฏ
840
+
841
+ 211
842
+ 00:17:50,650 --> 00:17:54,430
843
+ muscle shrugging ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุงุจูŠุฒูŠุงุณ muscle
844
+
845
+ 212
846
+ 00:17:54,430 --> 00:17:58,110
847
+ ุงู„ุชุฑุงุจูŠุฒูŠุงุณ
848
+
849
+ 213
850
+ 00:17:58,110 --> 00:18:02,990
851
+ muscle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุบุถูŠู‡ุง ู‡ูˆ accessory nerves ุชุจู‚ู‰ ุฏุง
852
+
853
+ 214
854
+ 00:18:02,990 --> 00:18:07,110
855
+ spinal accessory ุชุจู‚ู‰ spinal accessory supply two
856
+
857
+ 215
858
+ 00:18:07,110 --> 00:18:10,110
859
+ muscles ุงู„ุชุฑุงุจูŠุฒูŠุงุณ muscle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„ู†ุง shrugging
860
+
861
+ 216
862
+ 00:18:10,110 --> 00:18:11,750
863
+ ู„ู„ shoulder and
864
+
865
+ 217
866
+ 00:18:13,860 --> 00:18:17,320
867
+ Sternocleidomastoid muscle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„ู†ุง turn
868
+
869
+ 218
870
+ 00:18:17,320 --> 00:18:28,240
871
+ ู„ู„head ู‡ูˆ ุงู†ูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ opposite side ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„
872
+
873
+ 219
874
+ 00:18:28,240 --> 00:18:33,200
875
+ cranial cranial root ูˆู‡ุฐุง
876
+
877
+ 220
878
+ 00:18:33,200 --> 00:18:39,880
879
+ ุงูŠู‡ spinal root ุชููˆุช ู„ูุฑู… ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ู… ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจุชุชุญุฏ ู…ุน
880
+
881
+ 221
882
+ 00:18:39,880 --> 00:18:41,720
883
+ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน ุงู„ cranial root
884
+
885
+ 222
886
+ 00:18:45,710 --> 00:18:50,710
887
+ ุจูŠููˆุชูˆุง ููŠ forum ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ู… ู„ู…ุง ูุงุช forum ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ู… ุงุชุญุฏ
888
+
889
+ 223
890
+ 00:18:50,710 --> 00:18:57,170
891
+ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ู…ุน ุงู„ cranial root ุจุนุฏูƒ ุจูŠุบุงุฏุฑูˆุง ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
892
+
893
+ 224
894
+ 00:18:57,170 --> 00:19:02,250
895
+ jugular forum cranial
896
+
897
+ 225
898
+ 00:19:02,250 --> 00:19:11,010
899
+ root ุจุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน ุงู„vegas nerve ูˆ spinal root
900
+
901
+ 226
902
+ 00:19:11,010 --> 00:19:18,600
903
+ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠู„ู†ุง two musclesSternocleidomastoid muscle
904
+
905
+ 227
906
+ 00:19:18,600 --> 00:19:21,760
907
+ ูˆTrapezius
908
+
909
+ 228
910
+ 00:19:21,760 --> 00:19:26,020
911
+ muscle ูˆู‡ูŠ ูƒุงู†ุช ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู†ุง ุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒูˆุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงูŠุด
912
+
913
+ 229
914
+ 00:19:26,020 --> 00:19:28,000
915
+ accessory nerve ู‡ูˆ ุงุถูŠูุชู‡
916
+
917
+ 230
918
+ 00:19:34,850 --> 00:19:38,330
919
+ ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ jugular foramen ูู‰ ุนู†ุฏูŠ two roots ูู‰
920
+
921
+ 231
922
+ 00:19:38,330 --> 00:19:40,750
923
+ spinal ูˆ cranial ุงูˆ cranial ูˆ spinal ุงู„ุชุญุฏูˆุง ู…ุน
924
+
925
+ 232
926
+ 00:19:40,750 --> 00:19:44,550
927
+ ุจุนุถ ูˆุตุงุฑ ุงุณู…ู‡ accessory nerve ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ูŠุบุงุฏุฑูˆุง
928
+
929
+ 233
930
+ 00:19:44,550 --> 00:19:47,190
931
+ jugular ูˆ foramen ุจูŠูƒุฑู‡ูˆุง ุจุนุถ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณุจุญุฉ ู‡ุฐูˆู„
932
+
933
+ 234
934
+ 00:19:47,190 --> 00:19:50,630
935
+ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุจู†ูุตู„ูˆุง ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ุนู† ุจุนุถ ุงู„ cranial ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ
936
+
937
+ 235
938
+ 00:19:50,630 --> 00:19:55,830
939
+ ู„vegas nerve ูˆ spinal ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ sternocleidomastoid
940
+
941
+ 236
942
+ 00:19:55,830 --> 00:20:00,510
943
+ muscle and trapezius muscle ู‡ู‰ ูˆุงุถุญ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ู‰
944
+
945
+ 237
946
+ 00:20:00,510 --> 00:20:00,710
947
+ ู‡ูˆ
948
+
949
+ 238
950
+ 00:20:04,130 --> 00:20:11,090
951
+ Spinal Root ูุงุช ุนู„ู‰ ูุฑู… ุงู„ู…ุงุฌู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„
952
+
953
+ 239
954
+ 00:20:11,090 --> 00:20:14,310
955
+ ambigous nucleus ุนุทุชู†ุง fibers ู„ู„ cranial accessory
956
+
957
+ 240
958
+ 00:20:14,310 --> 00:20:20,770
959
+ ุงุชุญุฏูˆุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ูˆ ุณู…ู†ุงู‡ู… accessory nerve ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ
960
+
961
+ 241
962
+ 00:20:20,770 --> 00:20:31,550
963
+ ุจูŠุบุงุฏุฑูˆุง ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ jugular ูุฑู…ูŠ cranial
964
+
965
+ 242
966
+ 00:20:31,550 --> 00:20:37,970
967
+ rootุจุชุญุฏ ูˆ ุจู†ูุตู„ ุนู† ุงู„ accessory ูˆ ุจุฑูˆุญ ู„ูˆุงู† ู…ุน ุงู„
968
+
969
+ 243
970
+ 00:20:37,970 --> 00:20:46,650
971
+ Vegas Nerf ู…ุน ุงู„ Vegas ูˆ Spinal Root ูŠุฏู„ู‚ ู…ุงุดูŠู†ุง
972
+
973
+ 244
974
+ 00:20:46,650 --> 00:20:49,210
975
+ ุนู„ูŠู†ุงูƒ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ two muscles Sternocleidomastoid
976
+
977
+ 245
978
+ 00:20:49,210 --> 00:20:57,970
979
+ muscle ูˆ Trapezius muscle okay
980
+
981
+ 246
982
+ 00:20:59,300 --> 00:21:03,480
983
+ ูˆุงุชูุฌู†ุง .. ุงู„ slide ู‡ุฐุง ุฃู†ุง ุดุฑุญุชู‡ ุงู„ุขู† ุงู†ู‡ ุงู„
984
+
985
+ 247
986
+ 00:21:03,480 --> 00:21:06,960
987
+ branches of accessory nerve cranial accessory
988
+
989
+ 248
990
+ 00:21:06,960 --> 00:21:09,760
991
+ nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ internally branch ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„
992
+
993
+ 249
994
+ 00:21:09,760 --> 00:21:12,920
995
+ ambiguous nucleus of medulla oblongata ุจุชุญุฏ ู…ุน
996
+
997
+ 250
998
+ 00:21:12,920 --> 00:21:16,140
999
+ Vegas nerve ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† distribution ู…ุน ุงู„
1000
+
1001
+ 251
1002
+ 00:21:16,140 --> 00:21:18,440
1003
+ distribution of Vegas nerve ู…ุงุดูŠ ูˆ ุจูŠุบุถูŠู†ุง
1004
+
1005
+ 252
1006
+ 00:21:18,440 --> 00:21:22,570
1007
+ ุงู„aryngeal palatine and pharyngeal musclesูˆุงู„ุฌุฒุก
1008
+
1009
+ 253
1010
+ 00:21:22,570 --> 00:21:25,310
1011
+ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงูˆ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงูˆ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„
1012
+
1013
+ 254
1014
+ 00:21:25,310 --> 00:21:28,450
1015
+ accessory nerve ุงุณู…ู‡ spinal accessory ู‡ุฐุง external
1016
+
1017
+ 255
1018
+ 00:21:28,450 --> 00:21:32,310
1019
+ branch supply ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ sternocleidomastoid
1020
+
1021
+ 256
1022
+ 00:21:32,310 --> 00:21:35,050
1023
+ muscle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„ู†ุง internal head to the opposite
1024
+
1025
+ 257
1026
+ 00:21:35,050 --> 00:21:38,050
1027
+ side ู‡ู†ุง ุฃู†ุง ุจุตู„ุญู‡ุง ุฃู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ side ู‡ุฐุง ุตู„ุญุชู‡ุง ูˆ
1028
+
1029
+ 258
1030
+ 00:21:38,050 --> 00:21:40,750
1031
+ ุจุบุถูŠ trapezius muscle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„ ุงูŠู‡ shoulder
1032
+
1033
+ 259
1034
+ 00:21:40,750 --> 00:21:41,830
1035
+ shrugging
1036
+
1037
+ 260
1038
+ 00:21:44,670 --> 00:21:50,290
1039
+ ู‡ุฐุง ุดุฑุญุชู‡ุŒ ู‡ุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‰ spinal accessory nerveุŒ supply
1040
+
1041
+ 261
1042
+ 00:21:50,290 --> 00:21:53,090
1043
+ of the trapezius muscleุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ trapezius muscle
1044
+
1045
+ 262
1046
+ 00:21:53,090 --> 00:21:58,290
1047
+ ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ sternocleidomastoid muscleุŒ ุงู„ุขู† ุจุตู„ ู„ู„ุนุตุจ
1048
+
1049
+ 263
1050
+ 00:21:58,290 --> 00:22:01,570
1051
+ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุนุดุฑ ุงุฎุฑ ุนุตุจ ููŠ cranial nerves ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1052
+
1053
+ 264
1054
+ 00:22:01,570 --> 00:22:05,910
1055
+ hypoglossal nervehypoglossal nerve it is the motor
1056
+
1057
+ 265
1058
+ 00:22:05,910 --> 00:22:09,230
1059
+ nerve of the tongue ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนุตุจ ูŠุง ุจุฏุฎู„ู†ุง ุงู„ุฌู†ุฉ ูŠุง
1060
+
1061
+ 266
1062
+ 00:22:09,230 --> 00:22:12,910
1063
+ ุจุฏุฎู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู†ุงุฑ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุฅูŠู‡ supply the muscle of the
1064
+
1065
+ 267
1066
+ 00:22:12,910 --> 00:22:16,410
1067
+ tongue ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ ุงู„ู„ุณุงู† ูˆุญุณุจ ู„ุณุงู†ูƒ ู…ุง ูŠุชูƒู„ู… ูˆูŠูุนู„
1068
+
1069
+ 268
1070
+ 00:22:16,410 --> 00:22:22,510
1071
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุขุฎุฑุฉ ุจุชุงุนุชู†ุง movement of the tongue are
1072
+
1073
+ 269
1074
+ 00:22:22,510 --> 00:22:27,270
1075
+ important in chewing speech and initial stage of
1076
+
1077
+ 270
1078
+ 00:22:27,270 --> 00:22:31,650
1079
+ swallowing ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู† ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ู„ุณุงู† ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ู„ุฅูŠู‡ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ
1080
+
1081
+ 271
1082
+ 00:22:31,650 --> 00:22:36,880
1083
+ ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุถุบููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจู„ุน ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ูŠุฌูˆู†
1084
+
1085
+ 272
1086
+ 00:22:36,880 --> 00:22:42,560
1087
+ ู‡ูŠ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ู„ุฅูŠู‡ ู„ู„ู…ุถุบ ู„ู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจู„ุน
1088
+
1089
+ 273
1090
+ 00:22:42,560 --> 00:22:47,140
1091
+ hypoglossal nerve it is a purely motor nerve ุงู„
1092
+
1093
+ 274
1094
+ 00:22:47,140 --> 00:22:51,340
1095
+ hypoglossal nerve purely motor nerve supplies the
1096
+
1097
+ 275
1098
+ 00:22:51,340 --> 00:22:55,540
1099
+ external and internal muscle of the tongue ุจุบุฏ
1100
+
1101
+ 276
1102
+ 00:22:55,540 --> 00:22:59,040
1103
+ ุงู„ุฃุนุถุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠุฉ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ู„ุณุงู† ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†
1104
+
1105
+ 277
1106
+ 00:22:59,040 --> 00:23:01,180
1107
+ ู…ุตุฏุฑู‡ ุฃุตู„ู‡ ุจุฌูŠู†ุง ู…ู†
1108
+
1109
+ 278
1110
+ 00:23:04,000 --> 00:23:07,300
1111
+ ู‡ูŠุจูˆุบู„ูˆุณุงู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุจูŠุฌูŠ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ู‡ูŠุจูˆุบู„ูˆุณุงู„
1112
+
1113
+ 279
1114
+ 00:23:07,300 --> 00:23:11,080
1115
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุถุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ูˆุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠุบุงุฏุฑ ุนู†
1116
+
1117
+ 280
1118
+ 00:23:11,080 --> 00:23:16,200
1119
+ ุทุฑูŠู‚ .. ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ anterior lateral sulcus of
1120
+
1121
+ 281
1122
+ 00:23:16,200 --> 00:23:19,920
1123
+ ู…ุถุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุฅูŠุดุŸ anterior lateral
1124
+
1125
+ 282
1126
+ 00:23:19,920 --> 00:23:24,920
1127
+ sulcus of ู…ุถุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ skull
1128
+
1129
+ 283
1130
+ 00:23:24,920 --> 00:23:29,120
1131
+ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู‡ูŠุจูˆุบู„ูˆุณุงู„ canal ู‡ูŠุจูˆุบู„ูˆุณุงู„ canal
1132
+
1133
+ 284
1134
+ 00:23:29,120 --> 00:23:31,590
1135
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูˆ ุฃุตู„ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุบู„ูˆุณุงู„ ู†ู‡ูŠุฑ ุฌุงูŠุŸู…ู†
1136
+
1137
+ 285
1138
+ 00:23:31,590 --> 00:23:35,930
1139
+ ู‡ูŠุจู‚ู„ูˆุณุฉ ุงู„ู€A ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠูˆุณ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุถุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง
1140
+
1141
+ 286
1142
+ 00:23:35,930 --> 00:23:39,190
1143
+ ุจุบุงุฏุฑ ุงู„ brain stem ุฃูˆ ุจุบุงุฏุฑ ุงู„ู…ุถุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ุนู†
1144
+
1145
+ 287
1146
+ 00:23:39,190 --> 00:23:42,750
1147
+ ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ anterior lateral sulcus of ู…ุถุงู„ุฉ
1148
+
1149
+ 288
1150
+ 00:23:42,750 --> 00:23:47,170
1151
+ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ูˆ ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ skull ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ู‡ูŠุจู‚ู„ูˆุณุฉ ุงู„
1152
+
1153
+ 289
1154
+ 00:23:47,170 --> 00:23:50,930
1155
+ canal ู‡ูŠ ู‡ูŠุจู‚ู„ูˆุณุฉ ุงู„ canal ูˆุงุถุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู† ุงู„ left ุฃูˆ
1156
+
1157
+ 290
1158
+ 00:23:50,930 --> 00:23:55,390
1159
+ ุงู„ right ุฃูˆ ุงู„ leftbranches of hypoglossal nerve
1160
+
1161
+ 291
1162
+ 00:23:55,390 --> 00:24:00,310
1163
+ itself ู‡ู„ุฃ ุงู„ hypoglossal nerve ุจุชุญุฏ ู…ุน C1 ูˆ C2 ูˆ
1164
+
1165
+ 292
1166
+ 00:24:00,310 --> 00:24:04,050
1167
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู† ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง answer cervicals ุฃู†ุง ู…ุงุฑุญ ุฃุชุทุฑู‚
1168
+
1169
+ 293
1170
+ 00:24:04,050 --> 00:24:07,950
1171
+ ู„ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ู‡ุฐุง ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ุฃู†ุง ุจุดุฑุญ ู„ู„ุทุจ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุฃู†ู‡ ุจุชุญุฏ ู…ุน
1172
+
1173
+ 294
1174
+ 00:24:07,950 --> 00:24:12,090
1175
+ cervical one nerve ูˆ cervical two ุฃู†ุง ุฑุงุญ ุฃุดุฑุญ ุจุณ
1176
+
1177
+ 295
1178
+ 00:24:12,090 --> 00:24:14,530
1179
+ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠู‡ู… ุงู„ hypoglossal nerve
1180
+
1181
+ 296
1182
+ 00:24:14,530 --> 00:24:18,110
1183
+ itselfุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃุตู„ู‡ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ hypoglossal nucleus
1184
+
1185
+ 297
1186
+ 00:24:18,110 --> 00:24:21,650
1187
+ ุงู„ุฃุตู„ู‡ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุฏุง ุงู„ู€ supply
1188
+
1189
+ 298
1190
+ 00:24:21,650 --> 00:24:26,630
1191
+ is styloglossus muscle, a hyoglossus muscle
1192
+
1193
+ 299
1194
+ 00:24:26,630 --> 00:24:32,070
1195
+ ูˆgenioglossus muscle and the internal muscle of
1196
+
1197
+ 300
1198
+ 00:24:32,070 --> 00:24:33,910
1199
+ the tongue ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ู† ุงู„ fibers ุฌุงูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„
1200
+
1201
+ 301
1202
+ 00:24:33,910 --> 00:24:37,850
1203
+ hypoglossal nucleus ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃุนุทุชู†ุง hypoglossal nerve
1204
+
1205
+ 302
1206
+ 00:24:37,850 --> 00:24:42,670
1207
+ itself ุจุฏูˆู† ู…ุง ูŠุดุงุฑูƒ ู…ุน ุงู„ spinal nerves ุจูŠุบุฏูŠู†ุง
1208
+
1209
+ 303
1210
+ 00:24:42,670 --> 00:24:47,250
1211
+ styloglossus musclewe hyoglossus muscle ูˆ we
1212
+
1213
+ 304
1214
+ 00:24:47,250 --> 00:24:51,790
1215
+ genioglossus muscle and internal muscle of the
1216
+
1217
+ 305
1218
+ 00:24:51,790 --> 00:24:58,010
1219
+ tongue ู‡ุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูˆุงุถุญุฉ hyoglossal ุฅูŠู‡ ู†ูƒู„ูŠุงุณุนุทุชู†ุง
1220
+
1221
+ 306
1222
+ 00:24:58,010 --> 00:25:02,050
1223
+ hypoglossal nerve ุจูŠููˆุช ููŠ ุงู„ hypoglossal canal ุฒู‰
1224
+
1225
+ 307
1226
+ 00:25:02,050 --> 00:25:05,870
1227
+ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุจุงู„ุชุญุฏ ู…ุน c1 ูˆ c2 ูˆ c3 ู…ุง ุฑุงุญ ุงุชุฏุฎู„ ูˆ
1228
+
1229
+ 308
1230
+ 00:25:05,870 --> 00:25:08,950
1231
+ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ูู‰ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุญุฏุง ูˆ ุงุชุทุฑู‚ ุฅู„ู‡ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุดูˆูŠุฉ
1232
+
1233
+ 309
1234
+ 00:25:08,950 --> 00:25:12,570
1235
+ ุตุนุจ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ูŠูƒูˆุง ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ hypoglossal nerve
1236
+
1237
+ 310
1238
+ 00:25:12,570 --> 00:25:15,510
1239
+ itself ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ู†ุง external and internal muscle of the
1240
+
1241
+ 311
1242
+ 00:25:15,510 --> 00:25:18,590
1243
+ tongue ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู†ู‡ู… ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ู‡ูˆ
1244
+
1245
+ 312
1246
+ 00:25:18,590 --> 00:25:21,010
1247
+ styroglossus muscle, hyoglossus muscle ูˆ
1248
+
1249
+ 313
1250
+ 00:25:21,010 --> 00:25:27,960
1251
+ geneoglossus muscleand supply all
1252
+
1253
+ 314
1254
+ 00:25:27,960 --> 00:25:32,500
1255
+ internal muscles of the tongue ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู‡ุงุฏูŠุฉ ุงูˆ ู„ุญุฏ
1256
+
1257
+ 315
1258
+ 00:25:32,500 --> 00:25:36,660
1259
+ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ slide ุจูƒูˆู† ุงู†ุง ุงูˆ just ู„ูƒู… ูˆ ุดุฑุญุช ู„ูƒู… ุงู„
1260
+
1261
+ 316
1262
+ 00:25:36,660 --> 00:25:41,040
1263
+ cranial nerves ูƒู„ู‡ู… ูˆ ุฏูˆู…ุชู… ุจุฎูŠุฑ ูˆ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู…
1264
+
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/G6Vhdm1UDcc_raw.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,1264 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:05,130 --> 00:00:07,970
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆ ุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:07,970 --> 00:00:13,370
7
+ ู†ูƒู…ู„ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุชุงุณุน which is cranial nerves
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:13,370 --> 00:00:17,390
11
+ ุฑู‚ู… 2 ููŠ ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู†ุง ุดุฑุญุช ู„ูƒู… facial
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:17,390 --> 00:00:22,090
15
+ nerve ูˆุงุชูุงุฌู†ุง ุงู†ู‡ vestibulocochlear nerve ุฑุงุญ
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:22,090 --> 00:00:27,140
19
+ ู†ุดุฑุญู‡ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ special sensationุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุงูˆ ุฌุฒุก
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:27,140 --> 00:00:30,560
23
+ ุงู„ุงู† ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ aglosopharyngeal nerve , vagus
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:30,560 --> 00:00:34,920
27
+ nerve, accessory nerve ูˆ vagus nerve ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจ
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:34,920 --> 00:00:38,700
31
+ aglosopharyngeal nerve aglosopharyngeal nerve it
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:38,700 --> 00:00:41,640
35
+ is mixed nerve it is mixed nerve ูŠุจู‚ู‰
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:41,640 --> 00:00:45,900
39
+ aglosopharyngeal nerve it is mixed nerve which
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:45,900 --> 00:00:51,460
43
+ contain sensory fibers motor fibers and
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:00:51,460 --> 00:00:57,910
47
+ parasympatheticit is more important as sensory ู„ุฃู†
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:00:57,910 --> 00:01:06,630
51
+ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุงู„ุฃูุฑุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠู‡ ุชุนุชุจุฑ ุฃุนุตุงุจ ุญุณูŠุฉ emerged from
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:06,630 --> 00:01:14,130
55
+ the posterior lateral sulcus of medulla oblongata
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:14,130 --> 00:01:19,250
59
+ ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ posterior lateral sulcus of medulla
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:19,250 --> 00:01:22,190
63
+ oblongata ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ glossopharyngeal nerve
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:27,070 --> 00:01:32,350
67
+ ุซู… ุชู†ุชู‚ู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ jugular foramen ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:32,350 --> 00:01:37,750
71
+ jugular foramen ุงุชูุงู‚ู†ุง ุงู† ุงู„ functions ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:37,750 --> 00:01:41,950
75
+ glossopharyngeal nerve motor sensory
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:41,950 --> 00:01:47,610
79
+ parasympathetic main function is sensory ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:47,610 --> 00:01:49,890
83
+ nuclei of the glossopharyngeal nerve ุฑุญ ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:01:49,890 --> 00:01:54,980
87
+ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุฃู†ูˆุงุนูˆุญุฏุฉ motor ูˆุญุฏุฉ sensory ูˆ ุจุงุฑุง
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:01:54,980 --> 00:02:01,080
91
+ sympathetic ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ motor motor nucleus ุงุณู…ู‡ุง
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:01,080 --> 00:02:06,480
95
+ nucleus of ambiguous nucleus of ambiguous nucleus
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:06,480 --> 00:02:10,240
99
+ of
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:10,240 --> 00:02:14,420
103
+ ambiguous
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:17,550 --> 00:02:22,250
107
+ Nucleus of Ambigus ุจุชุนุทูŠ 3 nerve ุจุชุฎุฏู†ุง ูƒู… ุนุตุงุจ
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:22,250 --> 00:02:29,650
111
+ ุชู„ุงุซุฉ ุจุชุฎุฏู†ุง ุงู„ glossopharyngeal nerve ุชู„ุงุซุฉ
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:29,650 --> 00:02:38,930
115
+ ุจุชุฎุฏู†ุง ุงู„ vegas nerve ุชู„ุงุซุฉ ุจุชุฎุฏู†ุง ุงู„ cranial
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:38,930 --> 00:02:43,760
119
+ nerveaccessory nerve ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ nucleus ุงู„ู„ูŠ
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:43,760 --> 00:02:47,620
123
+ ู‡ูŠ ambiguous nucleus ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง ู„ุซู„ุงุซ ุนุตุงุจ ุจุชุนุทูŠ
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:02:47,620 --> 00:02:57,780
127
+ ู„ู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุชุงุณู… ุนุดุฑ ุงุญุฏุงุด ูˆุงุถูุชู‡ุง somatic motor
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:02:57,780 --> 00:03:03,880
131
+ nucleus ุงูŠุด somatic motor nucleus ูŠุนู†ูŠ supply
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:03:03,880 --> 00:03:10,440
135
+ skeletal muscles supply ู„ุฅูŠู‡ skeletal musclesOkay
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:10,440 --> 00:03:17,020
139
+ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃูˆู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ sub inferior
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:17,020 --> 00:03:21,300
143
+ salivary nucleus ูŠูˆู… ุงุดุฑุญุช facial nerve ุงุชูƒู„ู…ุช ุนู„ู‰
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:21,300 --> 00:03:24,020
147
+ superior salivary nucleus ู„ุฅู† ุงู„ glucose
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:24,020 --> 00:03:27,760
151
+ pharyngeal nerve ููŠ inferior salivary nucleus
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:27,760 --> 00:03:32,960
155
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃูˆุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ูˆุธูุชู‡ุง supply the
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:34,530 --> 00:03:38,070
159
+ Parotid gland ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆู† ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง ุงูŠู‡ ุจุชุบุฏูŠู† ู…ูŠู†
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:38,070 --> 00:03:43,350
163
+ Parotid gland ุงูŠุด ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง Parasympathetic function
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:43,350 --> 00:03:47,850
167
+ Parasympathetic function ูˆุงูŠู‡ ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉ Solitary
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:47,850 --> 00:03:53,950
171
+ nucleus ุงุญู†ุง ุดุฑุญู†ุงู‡ุง ู‡ูŠ Solitary nucleus Solitary
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:03:53,950 --> 00:03:56,970
175
+ nucleus
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:03:56,970 --> 00:04:02,350
179
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ Oblongata for general
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:04:04,350 --> 00:04:11,190
183
+ and taste sensation ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ nucleus ุฑุงุญ ุชุชูƒุฑุฑ
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:11,190 --> 00:04:13,790
187
+ ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุนุตุงุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ู… ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ taste
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:13,790 --> 00:04:20,770
191
+ sensation ููŠ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง general ูˆ taste
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:20,770 --> 00:04:28,830
195
+ sensation ุชู…ุงู… ููŠ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุนุชู†ูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:28,830 --> 00:04:32,510
199
+ ุงู„ู€ Glossopharyngeal ู„ู€ Taste ูˆ General Sensation
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:32,510 --> 00:04:41,510
203
+ ูˆ ู„ู€ Vegas Nerve ู‡ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุชูƒุฑุฑ ููŠ ุชู„ุงุช ุนุตุงุจ
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:41,510 --> 00:04:47,330
207
+ ุชุชูƒุฑุฑ
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:04:47,330 --> 00:04:53,310
211
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน ูˆ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน ูˆ ุนุดุฑ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:04:55,650 --> 00:05:03,170
215
+ ุณูˆู„ูŠุชุงุฑูŠู‡ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงู‡ ุงู†ุจูŠูˆุบุงุณ for motor
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:05:03,170 --> 00:05:08,490
219
+ function ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง fibers ู„ู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ supply of stylo
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:05:08,490 --> 00:05:10,610
223
+ pharyngeal muscle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠู‚ู„ุต ุงู„ pharyngeal ู†ูŠุฑ
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:05:10,610 --> 00:05:14,330
227
+ ุจูŠู‚ุฏู‘ูŠ ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุซู…ุงู†ุฉ ุงู†ูุฑูŠูˆ ุณุงู„ูŠูุฑูŠู‡ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:05:14,330 --> 00:05:17,730
231
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ู†ุฌุงุชู‡ for parotid gland
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:17,730 --> 00:05:21,530
235
+ parasympathetic function ูˆุณูˆู„ูŠุชุงุฑูŠู‡ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงู‡ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:21,530 --> 00:05:27,160
239
+ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ู†ุฌุงุชู‡ ูˆุงุถูุชู‡ุง sensory functionู†ุชูƒู„ู…
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:27,160 --> 00:05:29,700
243
+ ุงู„ุขู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ functions of Glossopharyngeal nerve
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:29,700 --> 00:05:32,980
247
+ ุงุชูุงู‚ู†ุง ุงู†ู‡ mixed nerveุŒ the main function is
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:32,980 --> 00:05:38,820
251
+ sensory functionุŒ first function is sensoryุŒ
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:05:38,820 --> 00:05:42,900
255
+ supply ุงูˆ receive taste sensation and general
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:05:42,900 --> 00:05:47,980
259
+ sensation from posterior one third of the tongue
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:05:48,380 --> 00:05:54,820
263
+ ุฃุซู†ูŠู† ู…ูŠูƒูˆุฒุง ู…ูŠู…ุจุฑุงูŠู† ูุงุฑู†ูƒุณ ูˆ ุชูˆู†ุฒู„ ูƒุงุฑูˆุชุฏ ุตูŠู†ุณ ูˆ
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:05:54,820 --> 00:05:58,980
267
+ ูƒุงุฑูˆุชุฏ ุจูˆุฏูŠ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ sensory function
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:06:01,300 --> 00:06:06,000
271
+ Parasympathetic function supply parotid gland ูŠู‚ูˆู„
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:06,000 --> 00:06:10,800
275
+ ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† parotid gland ุซู„ุงุซุฉ motor
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:10,800 --> 00:06:14,540
279
+ function supply only one muscle it is
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:14,540 --> 00:06:20,160
283
+ Stylopharyngeus muscle Stylopharyngeus muscle ู‡ุงูŠ
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:20,160 --> 00:06:25,420
287
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ุจุณุชูŠุฑ one third of the tongue taste
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:06:33,170 --> 00:06:40,430
291
+ and general sensation ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุจุชุงุฎุฏุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุตุจ
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:06:40,430 --> 00:06:44,650
295
+ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน Glossopharyngeal ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ taste ูˆ
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:06:44,650 --> 00:06:51,650
299
+ general sensation ุทูŠุจ anterior to third ุงู„
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:06:51,650 --> 00:07:00,210
303
+ anterior to third ุชู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุงู„ anterior to third ู…ู†
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:07:00,210 --> 00:07:00,710
307
+ ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:07:05,390 --> 00:07:11,950
311
+ test sensation from
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:07:11,950 --> 00:07:17,930
315
+ facial nerve ู…ู† ุงู„ facial nerve test sensation ุทูŠุจ
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:07:17,930 --> 00:07:23,430
319
+ general sensation
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:23,430 --> 00:07:27,590
323
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงูŠุด ู…ู‚ุตูˆุฏ ุจุงู„ general sensation pain
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:27,590 --> 00:07:34,090
327
+ temperature touch sensation ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆู…ุงู†ุฏูŠุจูˆู„ุงุฑ
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:07:34,090 --> 00:07:37,950
331
+ ู†ูŠุฑู ู…ุงู†ุฏูŠุจูˆู„ุงุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃุตู„ู‡ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ู…ุงู†ุฏูŠุจูˆู„ุงุฑ
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:07:37,950 --> 00:07:43,410
335
+ ู†ูŠุฑู ู…ู† ุชุฑูŠ ุฌูŠู…ูŠู†ุงู„ ู†ูŠุฑู ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ innervation of
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:07:43,410 --> 00:07:46,150
339
+ the tongue even ุงู„ taste ูˆ ุงู„ general sensation
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:07:46,150 --> 00:07:49,090
343
+ from the posterior and third ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ุง ุงู„
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:07:49,090 --> 00:07:57,670
347
+ glossopharyngeal nerve ุงู„ุขู†
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:07:57,670 --> 00:08:03,300
351
+ ุจู†ุชุฌ ุงู„ Vegas nerve ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุนุงุดุฑit is mixed nerve
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:08:03,300 --> 00:08:08,020
355
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฑู‚ู… ุนุดุฑ ุชู„ุงู ูˆ ุชุณุนู…ูŠุฉ ูˆ ุฎู…ุณ ูˆ ุณุจุนูŠู† ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:08:08,020 --> 00:08:16,660
359
+ it is more important ุงูˆ most important function is
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:08:16,660 --> 00:08:22,260
363
+ parasympathetic function ู„ูˆ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ Vegas
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:08:22,260 --> 00:08:28,420
367
+ nerve it is most important nerve
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:08:30,360 --> 00:08:36,320
371
+ as parasympathetic ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุฃู‡ู… parasympathetic
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:08:36,320 --> 00:08:40,500
375
+ nerve ููŠ ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุงู„ function ุชุจุนุชู‡ motor
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:08:40,500 --> 00:08:45,660
379
+ function ู„ู€ skeletal muscles ุจุงุฑุง ุณูŠู…ุจุงุชุงุชูŠูƒ
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:08:45,660 --> 00:08:50,000
383
+ function ู„ู€ smooth muscles ูƒุงุฑุฏูŠุงูƒ muscles ุชุจุนุช ุงู„
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:08:50,000 --> 00:08:54,700
387
+ internal organs ูˆ ู„ ุงู„ glands ูˆ sensory function
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:08:54,700 --> 00:08:59,400
391
+ as sensation nuclei of Vegas nerve
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:09:02,140 --> 00:09:08,860
395
+ ููŠ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุงุซู†ุชูŠู† ุดุฑุญู†ุงู‡ู… main part of nucleus
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:09:08,860 --> 00:09:14,060
399
+ ambigus ู‡ูŠ ุจุชุนุทูŠ ุงู„ููŠุฌุณ ู†ูŠุฑุจ ุจุชุบุฏูŠู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ skeletal
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:09:14,060 --> 00:09:18,320
403
+ muscles ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ larynx, pharynx and palate ู‡ูŠ
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:09:18,320 --> 00:09:25,810
407
+ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ูˆ solitary nucleus ุดุฑุญู†ุงู‡ุงู‚ู„ู†ุง ุจุชุบุฏู‰ ูƒู…ุงู† ุงู„
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:09:25,810 --> 00:09:31,890
411
+ Vega snare ู„ taste sensation from AP glottis ูˆ
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:09:31,890 --> 00:09:37,050
415
+ general sensation ู…ู† ุงู„ area supplied by the
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:09:37,050 --> 00:09:39,570
419
+ parasympathetic fibers ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุตุงุฑ ู…ุนุงู‡ ุฌู„ุทุฉ
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:09:39,570 --> 00:09:44,230
423
+ ููŠ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ุจุดุนูˆุฑ ุจุฃู„ู… ุงู„ Vega snare ุจุดุนุฑ ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:09:44,230 --> 00:09:48,740
427
+ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู‚ุฑุญุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุนุฏุฉุญุฏุซ ู‚ุฑุญ ู‚ุฑุญุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุนูŠุฏุฉ ุนู†ุฏู‡
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:09:48,740 --> 00:09:52,500
431
+ ูˆููŠู‡ ุฃู„ู… ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุนูŠุฏุฉ ุงู„ Vegas nerve ุจุดุนุฑ ููŠู‡ุง ู…ุฑูŠุถ
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:09:52,500 --> 00:09:56,340
435
+ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฏู†ุงู… ููŠ ุงู„ 12 ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:09:56,340 --> 00:10:01,780
439
+ Vegas nerve ุจูŠุบุฏูŠู†ุง ุงู„ respiratory system heart
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:10:01,780 --> 00:10:07,720
443
+ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู‡ุถู…ูŠ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ junction between
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:10:09,190 --> 00:10:13,930
447
+ right two thirds of transverse colon ู…ุน ุงู„ left
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:10:13,930 --> 00:10:17,750
451
+ one third ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ ุงู„ู…ุนุฏุฉ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ ุงู„ pancreas
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:10:17,750 --> 00:10:21,230
455
+ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ ุงู„ุงุซู†ู‰ ุนุดุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุนุงุก ุงู„ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ small intestine
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:10:21,230 --> 00:10:25,430
459
+ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ ุงู„ุฃู…ุนุงุก ุงู„ุบู„ูŠุธุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ascending colon
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:10:25,430 --> 00:10:30,310
463
+ transverse right two thirds right two thirds of
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:10:30,310 --> 00:10:34,020
467
+ transverse colon ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ู…ู† Vegasุทุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ู…
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:10:34,020 --> 00:10:37,760
471
+ left one third, descending colon, sigmoid, rectum
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:10:37,760 --> 00:10:41,660
475
+ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ู…ู† ุงู„ sacral part of parasympathetic
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:10:41,660 --> 00:10:46,540
479
+ nervous system ุงุดุฑุญู‡ุง ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุชุจุน ุงู„
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:10:46,540 --> 00:10:51,980
483
+ autonomic nervous system ูˆ ุงู„ nucleus ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉ
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:10:51,980 --> 00:10:58,060
487
+ dorsal motor nucleus of vegas ุทุจ ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ูŠุงุฏ ุงู†ุช
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:10:58,060 --> 00:11:02,470
491
+ ู‚ู„ุชู„ู†ุง ambiguous motorูˆูƒู…ุงู† ููŠ ุฏูˆุฑุณุงู„ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:11:02,470 --> 00:11:06,690
495
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุฏูˆุฑุณุงู„ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุฃูˆู ููŠุฌุงุณ it is the
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:11:06,690 --> 00:11:12,490
499
+ most important parasympathetic nucleus in the body
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:11:12,490 --> 00:11:15,950
503
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุฅูŠุด ูŠุง ุฌู…ุงุนุฉุŒ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ glandsุŒ ุจุชุบุถูŠ
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:11:15,950 --> 00:11:19,990
507
+ ุงู„ glandsุŒ as secretomotorุŒ ู‡ูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉุŒ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:11:19,990 --> 00:11:23,980
511
+ cardiac muscleุŒ involuntary muscleู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:11:23,980 --> 00:11:27,840
515
+ smooth muscles ุงู„ respiratory system ูˆุงู„ GIT
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:11:27,840 --> 00:11:31,940
519
+ system ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ junction between right two third of
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:11:31,940 --> 00:11:34,380
523
+ transverse colon ู…ุน ุงู„ left one third of
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:11:34,380 --> 00:11:38,680
527
+ transverse colon ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฏูˆุฑุณุฉ ุงู„ motor
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:11:38,680 --> 00:11:43,560
531
+ nucleus of Vegas ุงู„ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุชุจุนุชู‡ุง Parasympathetic
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:11:43,560 --> 00:11:48,690
535
+ function Parasympathetic functionุงู„ู€
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:11:48,690 --> 00:11:51,290
539
+ Parasympathetic nervous system ู†ุดุฑุญู‡ุง ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:11:51,290 --> 00:11:54,990
543
+ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ู…ู†ูุตู„ุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง autonomic nervous system
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:11:54,990 --> 00:11:58,110
547
+ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุดุฑุญ ููŠู‡ุง sympathetic nervous system ูˆ
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:11:58,110 --> 00:12:01,750
551
+ Parasympathetic nervous system ุงู„ Vegas nerve ู‡ูˆ
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:12:01,750 --> 00:12:07,090
555
+ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ุฃูˆ ุฃู‡ู… ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ู„ู‡ ู‡ูŠ
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:12:07,090 --> 00:12:14,870
559
+ Parasympathetic functionู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุจุฎุฑุฌุŸ from the
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:12:14,870 --> 00:12:22,290
563
+ posterior lateral sulcus of medulla oblongata ุฎุฑุฌ
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:12:22,290 --> 00:12:24,050
567
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ posterior lateral sulcus of medulla
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:12:24,050 --> 00:12:30,090
571
+ oblongata ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุจููˆุถ ููŠ ุฌุงุฌูˆู„ุงุฑ ููˆุฑุงู…ู† ูˆ ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู†
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:12:30,090 --> 00:12:36,500
575
+ ุฌุงุฌูˆู„ุงุฑ ููˆุฑุงู…ู† ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ Vegas nerveู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ Vegas
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:12:36,500 --> 00:12:41,220
579
+ nerve ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ left Vegas nerve ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:12:41,220 --> 00:12:46,240
583
+ right Vegas nerve ู…ู‚ู„ูˆุจุฉ ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุจุตูŠุฑ view ุงู„ุงุฎุชู„ุงู
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:12:46,240 --> 00:12:53,260
587
+ ููŠู‡ู… ุงู†ู‡ ููŠ ุนุตุจ ุงุณู…ู‡ recurrent laryngeal nerve ุงู„
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:12:53,260 --> 00:12:57,460
591
+ right recurrent laryngeal nerveุจูŠุนู…ู„ hooking ุจูŠู„ู
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:12:57,460 --> 00:13:04,380
595
+ ูˆ ุจูŠุฑุฌุน ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ posterior part of the
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:13:04,380 --> 00:13:08,700
599
+ subclavian artery ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู†ู‚ู„ ู‡ูˆ right recurrent
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:13:08,700 --> 00:13:12,620
603
+ laryngeal nerve ุจูŠุนู…ู„ hooking ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:13:12,620 --> 00:13:17,300
607
+ right subclavian artery ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ ..
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:13:22,500 --> 00:13:26,660
611
+ Left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ุจูŠุนู…ู„ Hooking ูˆ
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:13:26,660 --> 00:13:30,120
615
+ ุจูŠู„ู ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุฑุด of the aorta ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ู…ุง ุจูŠู†ู‡ู…
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:13:30,120 --> 00:13:33,600
619
+ ุงู†ู‡ Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุณู…ูˆู‡
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:13:33,600 --> 00:13:37,920
623
+ Recurrent ุจูŠุฑุฌุน ุฑ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝูˆุน ูˆ ุงู„ right ุจูŠุนู…ู„ Hooking ูˆ
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:13:37,920 --> 00:13:41,380
627
+ ุจูŠู„ู ุฎู„ู ุงู„ subclavian artery ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right side
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:13:41,380 --> 00:13:46,740
631
+ ุฃู…ุง ู„ู„ left ุจูŠู„ู ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงู„ุงุฑุด of the aorta ู‡ุฐุง
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:13:46,740 --> 00:13:55,960
635
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ Vegas nerveูˆู‡ู†ุง Vegas nerve ู‡ุฐุง right ูˆู‡ุฐุง
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:13:55,960 --> 00:14:02,120
639
+ left ุทุจ ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู…ู„ hawking ูˆู„ู ูˆุตุนุฏ ุนูˆุฏ ุฑุฌุน ุงุณู…ู‡
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:14:02,120 --> 00:14:07,240
643
+ left recurrent laryngeal nerve ูˆู‡ุฐุง right
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:14:07,240 --> 00:14:14,260
647
+ recurrent laryngeal nerve ุงุญู†ุง ุดุฑุญู†ุง ุงูŠุด ุงู„ุฎู„ุงู ู…ุง
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:14:14,260 --> 00:14:17,240
651
+ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ right ูˆ ุงู„ left Vegas nerve
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:14:27,260 --> 00:14:32,620
655
+ ู‡ูŠูˆ ุนู†ุฏู‰ ู†ุงุฒู„ Vegas nerve ูˆุจูŠุนุทู‰ ุงู„ branches
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:14:32,620 --> 00:14:36,780
659
+ ุจุชุงุนูŠู†ู‡ ู…ุงุฑุงุญ ุงููˆุช ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ู…ุนุงูƒู… ููŠ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:14:36,780 --> 00:14:45,020
663
+ branches ุจุชุงุนูŠู†ู‡ ุจู†ุชุงุฌู‰
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:14:45,020 --> 00:14:52,500
667
+ ู„ุงู† ู„ู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ 11 ุงุณู…ู‡ accessory nerve it is purely
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:14:52,500 --> 00:14:58,310
671
+ motor nerve it is purely motor nervetwo roots ุฅู„ู‡
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:14:58,310 --> 00:15:04,770
675
+ two roots one cranial root ูˆ another spinal root
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:15:04,770 --> 00:15:10,750
679
+ cranial root arise from the medulla oblongata ู…ู†
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:15:10,750 --> 00:15:15,510
683
+ ูˆูŠู† ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ู„ cranial rootุŸุจูŠุฌูŠ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู†
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:15:15,510 --> 00:15:19,110
687
+ ambiguous nucleus ุจูŠุฌูŠ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ambiguous nucleus
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:15:19,110 --> 00:15:23,570
691
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ูƒุฑูŠู†ูŠุง ุงู„ุฑูˆุช ุฃุตู„ู‡ ู…ู† ambiguous nucleus ุงู„ู„ูŠ
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:15:23,570 --> 00:15:26,950
695
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃูˆ ุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุฌูˆุฌู„
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:15:26,950 --> 00:15:30,770
699
+ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุญูˆุฑู…ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒุฑูŠู†ูŠุง ุงู„ุฑูˆุช ุจูŠุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ Vegas
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:15:30,770 --> 00:15:36,890
703
+ nerve ูˆ ุจูŠุฏุฎู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ Vegas nerve ูˆ ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุชูŠู† ูˆ
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:15:36,890 --> 00:15:40,630
707
+ pharyngeal muscle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ูู‚ุท ุจ skeletal
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:15:40,630 --> 00:15:44,610
711
+ musclesู…ุง ุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุงูƒุฑุงู†ูŠุง ุงู„ุฑูˆุช ู„ุงู†ู‡
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:15:44,610 --> 00:15:48,150
715
+ ุฏุฎู„ ู…ุน ู…ูŠู† ู…ุน ุงู„ Vegas Nair ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:15:48,150 --> 00:15:52,980
719
+ accessory Nairู‡ูˆ spinal root ู‡ุฐุง spinal root
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:15:52,980 --> 00:15:58,100
723
+ ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ upper four five cervical segments ู…ู†
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:15:58,100 --> 00:16:01,860
727
+ ุงู„ anterior horn cells then ุงู„ุณู† ุจูŠุตุนุฏ ุจูŠููˆุช ููŠ ุงู„
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:16:01,860 --> 00:16:05,660
731
+ foramen magnum ูˆุจูŠุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ cranial part ู…ุน ุงู„ุฌุฒุก
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:16:05,660 --> 00:16:08,900
735
+ ุงู„ุฌุงู…ู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุถู„ ู‚ุจู„ ุงู† ุฌุงุชู‡ ูˆ ุจูŠุบุงุฏุฑูˆุง ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:16:08,900 --> 00:16:11,020
739
+ jugular foramen ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ูŠุบุงุฏุฑูˆุง ุงู„ jugular foramen
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:16:11,020 --> 00:16:14,800
743
+ ุจู†ูุตู„ูˆุง ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ู…ุง ุจูŠุญุจูˆุด ุจุนุถ ู‡ุฐุง spinal ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:16:14,800 --> 00:16:18,420
747
+ cranialุงู„ู€ cranial ุจุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ Vegas nerve ูˆ
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:16:18,420 --> 00:16:21,740
751
+ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠู†ุง ู„ ุงู„ palatine muscle ูˆ ุงู„ pharyngeal
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:16:21,740 --> 00:16:26,820
755
+ muscle ูˆ ุงู„ spinal nerves ุจูŠุบุฏูŠู†ุง ู„ two muscles
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:16:26,820 --> 00:16:31,200
759
+ sternocleidomastoid muscle ูˆ ุงุถูŠูุช ู„ ุงู„
760
+
761
+ 191
762
+ 00:16:31,200 --> 00:16:34,480
763
+ sternocleidomastoid muscle ุงูŠุด ูˆุถูŠูุชู‡ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉุŸ
764
+
765
+ 192
766
+ 00:16:34,480 --> 00:16:39,730
767
+ ุงู„ right ุจุชู„ู ุงู„ head ูˆ ุงู„ left ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ leftุจุชู„ู ุงู„
768
+
769
+ 193
770
+ 00:16:39,730 --> 00:16:42,290
771
+ head ูˆ ุงู„ neck ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ left ุทุจ ูˆ ุงู„ left ุณูŠุฑู†ุงูƒ
772
+
773
+ 194
774
+ 00:16:42,290 --> 00:16:45,750
775
+ ู„ูŠุฏู‡ ู…ุณุชุนุฏ ุจุชู„ู ุงู„ head ูˆ ุงู„ neck ุนู„ูŠ ูˆูŠู† ุนู„ูŠ ุงู„
776
+
777
+ 195
778
+ 00:16:45,750 --> 00:16:49,390
779
+ right ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ุนุถู„ู‡ ุฏูŠ ุนูƒุณูŠ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุจุชู„ู
780
+
781
+ 196
782
+ 00:16:49,390 --> 00:16:52,470
783
+ ุงู„ุฑุฃุณ ูˆ ุงู„ุฑุฌุจ ุนู„ูŠ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ุทุจ ูˆ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ุจุชู„ู ุนู„ูŠ
784
+
785
+ 197
786
+ 00:16:52,470 --> 00:16:58,250
787
+ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุงู†ุง ุงุญุฑูƒ ุฑุฃุณูŠ ุนู„ูŠ ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑู…ู† ุญุฑูƒู‡ุงุŸ right
788
+
789
+ 198
790
+ 00:16:58,250 --> 00:17:01,810
791
+ sternocleidomastoid muscle ุทุจ ู†ุญุฑูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู†
792
+
793
+ 199
794
+ 00:17:01,810 --> 00:17:06,590
795
+ ุญุฑูƒู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† left sternocleidomastoid
796
+
797
+ 200
798
+ 00:17:06,590 --> 00:17:11,940
799
+ muscle ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ trapezius muscleTrapezius
800
+
801
+ 201
802
+ 00:17:11,940 --> 00:17:15,940
803
+ muscle ู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠุตู„ุญู‡ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ู…ุด ู…ุธุจูˆุทุฉ shoulder
804
+
805
+ 202
806
+ 00:17:15,940 --> 00:17:19,000
807
+ elevation ู„ุฃ ุงู„ shoulder elevation ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„
808
+
809
+ 203
810
+ 00:17:19,000 --> 00:17:22,780
811
+ elevation ู„ู„ shoulder ู‡ูŠ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู‡ูŠ deltoid muscle
812
+
813
+ 204
814
+ 00:17:22,780 --> 00:17:26,460
815
+ ุฏู„ุชูˆูŠุฏ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„ elevation ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง shoulder
816
+
817
+ 205
818
+ 00:17:26,460 --> 00:17:27,780
819
+ shrugging
820
+
821
+ 206
822
+ 00:17:31,240 --> 00:17:35,300
823
+ shoulder shrugging ุฌูŠู†ุง ุณุฃู„ู†ุงูƒูˆุง ุณุคุงู„ ู†ุนุทูŠูƒู…
824
+
825
+ 207
826
+ 00:17:35,300 --> 00:17:39,060
827
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฅุถุงููŠุฉ ูŠูˆู… ุงู„ุฌู…ุนุฉ ุฃุฑุจุน ุณุงุนุงุช ุฅูŠุด ุฑุงุญ ุงู„ุทู„ุงุจ
828
+
829
+ 208
830
+ 00:17:39,060 --> 00:17:42,260
831
+ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง ูƒู„ู‡ู… ู…ุงุจุฏู†ุงุด ู„ุฃ ู…ุงุจุฏู†ุง ุฅูŠุด ุนู…ู„ู†ุง ุงุญู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„
832
+
833
+ 209
834
+ 00:17:42,260 --> 00:17:45,580
835
+ shoulder ุนู…ู„ู†ุง shrugging ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง
836
+
837
+ 210
838
+ 00:17:45,580 --> 00:17:50,650
839
+ shruggingู„ูƒู† ู‡ุฐู‡ elevation ุงู„ elevation ุฏู„ุชูˆูŠุฏ
840
+
841
+ 211
842
+ 00:17:50,650 --> 00:17:54,430
843
+ muscle shrugging ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุงุจูŠุฒูŠุงุณ muscle
844
+
845
+ 212
846
+ 00:17:54,430 --> 00:17:58,110
847
+ ุงู„ุชุฑุงุจูŠุฒูŠุงุณ
848
+
849
+ 213
850
+ 00:17:58,110 --> 00:18:02,990
851
+ muscle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุบุถูŠู‡ุง ู‡ูˆ accessory nerves ุชุจู‚ู‰ ุฏุง
852
+
853
+ 214
854
+ 00:18:02,990 --> 00:18:07,110
855
+ spinal accessory ุชุจู‚ู‰ spinal accessory supply two
856
+
857
+ 215
858
+ 00:18:07,110 --> 00:18:10,110
859
+ muscles ุงู„ุชุฑุงุจูŠุฒูŠุงุณ muscle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„ู†ุง shrugging
860
+
861
+ 216
862
+ 00:18:10,110 --> 00:18:11,750
863
+ ู„ู„ shoulder and
864
+
865
+ 217
866
+ 00:18:13,860 --> 00:18:17,320
867
+ Sternocleidomastoid muscle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„ู†ุง turn
868
+
869
+ 218
870
+ 00:18:17,320 --> 00:18:28,240
871
+ ู„ู„head ู‡ูˆ ุงู†ูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ opposite side ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„
872
+
873
+ 219
874
+ 00:18:28,240 --> 00:18:33,200
875
+ cranial cranial root ูˆู‡ุฐุง
876
+
877
+ 220
878
+ 00:18:33,200 --> 00:18:39,880
879
+ ุงูŠู‡ spinal root ุชููˆุช ู„ูุฑู… ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ู… ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจุชุชุญุฏ ู…ุน
880
+
881
+ 221
882
+ 00:18:39,880 --> 00:18:41,720
883
+ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน ุงู„ cranial root
884
+
885
+ 222
886
+ 00:18:45,710 --> 00:18:50,710
887
+ ุจูŠููˆุชูˆุง ููŠ forum ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ู… ู„ู…ุง ูุงุช forum ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ู… ุงุชุญุฏ
888
+
889
+ 223
890
+ 00:18:50,710 --> 00:18:57,170
891
+ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ู…ุน ุงู„ cranial root ุจุนุฏูƒ ุจูŠุบุงุฏุฑูˆุง ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
892
+
893
+ 224
894
+ 00:18:57,170 --> 00:19:02,250
895
+ jugular forum cranial
896
+
897
+ 225
898
+ 00:19:02,250 --> 00:19:11,010
899
+ root ุจุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน ุงู„vegas nerve ูˆ spinal root
900
+
901
+ 226
902
+ 00:19:11,010 --> 00:19:18,600
903
+ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠู„ู†ุง two musclesSternocleidomastoid muscle
904
+
905
+ 227
906
+ 00:19:18,600 --> 00:19:21,760
907
+ ูˆTrapezius
908
+
909
+ 228
910
+ 00:19:21,760 --> 00:19:26,020
911
+ muscle ูˆู‡ูŠ ูƒุงู†ุช ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู†ุง ุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒูˆุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงูŠุด
912
+
913
+ 229
914
+ 00:19:26,020 --> 00:19:28,000
915
+ accessory nerve ู‡ูˆ ุงุถูŠูุชู‡
916
+
917
+ 230
918
+ 00:19:34,850 --> 00:19:38,330
919
+ ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ jugular foramen ูู‰ ุนู†ุฏูŠ two roots ูู‰
920
+
921
+ 231
922
+ 00:19:38,330 --> 00:19:40,750
923
+ spinal ูˆ cranial ุงูˆ cranial ูˆ spinal ุงู„ุชุญุฏูˆุง ู…ุน
924
+
925
+ 232
926
+ 00:19:40,750 --> 00:19:44,550
927
+ ุจุนุถ ูˆุตุงุฑ ุงุณู…ู‡ accessory nerve ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ูŠุบุงุฏุฑูˆุง
928
+
929
+ 233
930
+ 00:19:44,550 --> 00:19:47,190
931
+ jugular ูˆ foramen ุจูŠูƒุฑู‡ูˆุง ุจุนุถ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณุจุญุฉ ู‡ุฐูˆู„
932
+
933
+ 234
934
+ 00:19:47,190 --> 00:19:50,630
935
+ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุจู†ูุตู„ูˆุง ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ุนู† ุจุนุถ ุงู„ cranial ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ
936
+
937
+ 235
938
+ 00:19:50,630 --> 00:19:55,830
939
+ ู„vegas nerve ูˆ spinal ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ sternocleidomastoid
940
+
941
+ 236
942
+ 00:19:55,830 --> 00:20:00,510
943
+ muscle and trapezius muscle ู‡ู‰ ูˆุงุถุญ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ู‰
944
+
945
+ 237
946
+ 00:20:00,510 --> 00:20:00,710
947
+ ู‡ูˆ
948
+
949
+ 238
950
+ 00:20:04,130 --> 00:20:11,090
951
+ Spinal Root ูุงุช ุนู„ู‰ ูุฑู… ุงู„ู…ุงุฌู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„
952
+
953
+ 239
954
+ 00:20:11,090 --> 00:20:14,310
955
+ ambigous nucleus ุนุทุชู†ุง fibers ู„ู„ cranial accessory
956
+
957
+ 240
958
+ 00:20:14,310 --> 00:20:20,770
959
+ ุงุชุญุฏูˆุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ูˆ ุณู…ู†ุงู‡ู… accessory nerve ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ
960
+
961
+ 241
962
+ 00:20:20,770 --> 00:20:31,550
963
+ ุจูŠุบุงุฏุฑูˆุง ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ jugular ูุฑู…ูŠ cranial
964
+
965
+ 242
966
+ 00:20:31,550 --> 00:20:37,970
967
+ rootุจุชุญุฏ ูˆ ุจู†ูุตู„ ุนู† ุงู„ accessory ูˆ ุจุฑูˆุญ ู„ูˆุงู† ู…ุน ุงู„
968
+
969
+ 243
970
+ 00:20:37,970 --> 00:20:46,650
971
+ Vegas Nerf ู…ุน ุงู„ Vegas ูˆ Spinal Root ูŠุฏู„ู‚ ู…ุงุดูŠู†ุง
972
+
973
+ 244
974
+ 00:20:46,650 --> 00:20:49,210
975
+ ุนู„ูŠู†ุงูƒ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ two muscles Sternocleidomastoid
976
+
977
+ 245
978
+ 00:20:49,210 --> 00:20:57,970
979
+ muscle ูˆ Trapezius muscle okay
980
+
981
+ 246
982
+ 00:20:59,300 --> 00:21:03,480
983
+ ูˆุงุชูุฌู†ุง .. ุงู„ slide ู‡ุฐุง ุฃู†ุง ุดุฑุญุชู‡ ุงู„ุขู† ุงู†ู‡ ุงู„
984
+
985
+ 247
986
+ 00:21:03,480 --> 00:21:06,960
987
+ branches of accessory nerve cranial accessory
988
+
989
+ 248
990
+ 00:21:06,960 --> 00:21:09,760
991
+ nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ internally branch ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„
992
+
993
+ 249
994
+ 00:21:09,760 --> 00:21:12,920
995
+ ambiguous nucleus of medulla oblongata ุจุชุญุฏ ู…ุน
996
+
997
+ 250
998
+ 00:21:12,920 --> 00:21:16,140
999
+ Vegas nerve ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† distribution ู…ุน ุงู„
1000
+
1001
+ 251
1002
+ 00:21:16,140 --> 00:21:18,440
1003
+ distribution of Vegas nerve ู…ุงุดูŠ ูˆ ุจูŠุบุถูŠู†ุง
1004
+
1005
+ 252
1006
+ 00:21:18,440 --> 00:21:22,570
1007
+ ุงู„aryngeal palatine and pharyngeal musclesูˆุงู„ุฌุฒุก
1008
+
1009
+ 253
1010
+ 00:21:22,570 --> 00:21:25,310
1011
+ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงูˆ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงูˆ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„
1012
+
1013
+ 254
1014
+ 00:21:25,310 --> 00:21:28,450
1015
+ accessory nerve ุงุณู…ู‡ spinal accessory ู‡ุฐุง external
1016
+
1017
+ 255
1018
+ 00:21:28,450 --> 00:21:32,310
1019
+ branch supply ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ sternocleidomastoid
1020
+
1021
+ 256
1022
+ 00:21:32,310 --> 00:21:35,050
1023
+ muscle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„ู†ุง internal head to the opposite
1024
+
1025
+ 257
1026
+ 00:21:35,050 --> 00:21:38,050
1027
+ side ู‡ู†ุง ุฃู†ุง ุจุตู„ุญู‡ุง ุฃู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ side ู‡ุฐุง ุตู„ุญุชู‡ุง ูˆ
1028
+
1029
+ 258
1030
+ 00:21:38,050 --> 00:21:40,750
1031
+ ุจุบุถูŠ trapezius muscle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„ ุงูŠู‡ shoulder
1032
+
1033
+ 259
1034
+ 00:21:40,750 --> 00:21:41,830
1035
+ shrugging
1036
+
1037
+ 260
1038
+ 00:21:44,670 --> 00:21:50,290
1039
+ ู‡ุฐุง ุดุฑุญุชู‡ุŒ ู‡ุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‰ spinal accessory nerveุŒ supply
1040
+
1041
+ 261
1042
+ 00:21:50,290 --> 00:21:53,090
1043
+ of the trapezius muscleุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ trapezius muscle
1044
+
1045
+ 262
1046
+ 00:21:53,090 --> 00:21:58,290
1047
+ ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ sternocleidomastoid muscleุŒ ุงู„ุขู† ุจุตู„ ู„ู„ุนุตุจ
1048
+
1049
+ 263
1050
+ 00:21:58,290 --> 00:22:01,570
1051
+ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุนุดุฑ ุงุฎุฑ ุนุตุจ ููŠ cranial nerves ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1052
+
1053
+ 264
1054
+ 00:22:01,570 --> 00:22:05,910
1055
+ hypoglossal nervehypoglossal nerve it is the motor
1056
+
1057
+ 265
1058
+ 00:22:05,910 --> 00:22:09,230
1059
+ nerve of the tongue ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนุตุจ ูŠุง ุจุฏุฎู„ู†ุง ุงู„ุฌู†ุฉ ูŠุง
1060
+
1061
+ 266
1062
+ 00:22:09,230 --> 00:22:12,910
1063
+ ุจุฏุฎู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู†ุงุฑ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุฅูŠู‡ supply the muscle of the
1064
+
1065
+ 267
1066
+ 00:22:12,910 --> 00:22:16,410
1067
+ tongue ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ ุงู„ู„ุณุงู† ูˆุญุณุจ ู„ุณุงู†ูƒ ู…ุง ูŠุชูƒู„ู… ูˆูŠูุนู„
1068
+
1069
+ 268
1070
+ 00:22:16,410 --> 00:22:22,510
1071
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุขุฎุฑุฉ ุจุชุงุนุชู†ุง movement of the tongue are
1072
+
1073
+ 269
1074
+ 00:22:22,510 --> 00:22:27,270
1075
+ important in chewing speech and initial stage of
1076
+
1077
+ 270
1078
+ 00:22:27,270 --> 00:22:31,650
1079
+ swallowing ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู† ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ู„ุณุงู† ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ู„ุฅูŠู‡ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ
1080
+
1081
+ 271
1082
+ 00:22:31,650 --> 00:22:36,880
1083
+ ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุถุบููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจู„ุน ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ูŠุฌูˆู†
1084
+
1085
+ 272
1086
+ 00:22:36,880 --> 00:22:42,560
1087
+ ู‡ูŠ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ู„ุฅูŠู‡ ู„ู„ู…ุถุบ ู„ู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจู„ุน
1088
+
1089
+ 273
1090
+ 00:22:42,560 --> 00:22:47,140
1091
+ hypoglossal nerve it is a purely motor nerve ุงู„
1092
+
1093
+ 274
1094
+ 00:22:47,140 --> 00:22:51,340
1095
+ hypoglossal nerve purely motor nerve supplies the
1096
+
1097
+ 275
1098
+ 00:22:51,340 --> 00:22:55,540
1099
+ external and internal muscle of the tongue ุจุบุฏ
1100
+
1101
+ 276
1102
+ 00:22:55,540 --> 00:22:59,040
1103
+ ุงู„ุฃุนุถุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠุฉ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ู„ุณุงู† ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†
1104
+
1105
+ 277
1106
+ 00:22:59,040 --> 00:23:01,180
1107
+ ู…ุตุฏุฑู‡ ุฃุตู„ู‡ ุจุฌูŠู†ุง ู…ู†
1108
+
1109
+ 278
1110
+ 00:23:04,000 --> 00:23:07,300
1111
+ ู‡ูŠุจูˆุบู„ูˆุณุงู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุจูŠุฌูŠ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ู‡ูŠุจูˆุบู„ูˆุณุงู„
1112
+
1113
+ 279
1114
+ 00:23:07,300 --> 00:23:11,080
1115
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุถุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ูˆุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠุบุงุฏุฑ ุนู†
1116
+
1117
+ 280
1118
+ 00:23:11,080 --> 00:23:16,200
1119
+ ุทุฑูŠู‚ .. ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ anterior lateral sulcus of
1120
+
1121
+ 281
1122
+ 00:23:16,200 --> 00:23:19,920
1123
+ ู…ุถุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุฅูŠุดุŸ anterior lateral
1124
+
1125
+ 282
1126
+ 00:23:19,920 --> 00:23:24,920
1127
+ sulcus of ู…ุถุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ skull
1128
+
1129
+ 283
1130
+ 00:23:24,920 --> 00:23:29,120
1131
+ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู‡ูŠุจูˆุบู„ูˆุณุงู„ canal ู‡ูŠุจูˆุบู„ูˆุณุงู„ canal
1132
+
1133
+ 284
1134
+ 00:23:29,120 --> 00:23:31,590
1135
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูˆ ุฃุตู„ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ู‡ูŠุจูˆุบู„ูˆุณุงู„ ู†ู‡ูŠุฑ ุฌุงูŠุŸู…ู†
1136
+
1137
+ 285
1138
+ 00:23:31,590 --> 00:23:35,930
1139
+ ู‡ูŠุจู‚ู„ูˆุณุฉ ุงู„ู€A ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠูˆุณ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุถุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง
1140
+
1141
+ 286
1142
+ 00:23:35,930 --> 00:23:39,190
1143
+ ุจุบุงุฏุฑ ุงู„ brain stem ุฃูˆ ุจุบุงุฏุฑ ุงู„ู…ุถุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ุนู†
1144
+
1145
+ 287
1146
+ 00:23:39,190 --> 00:23:42,750
1147
+ ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ anterior lateral sulcus of ู…ุถุงู„ุฉ
1148
+
1149
+ 288
1150
+ 00:23:42,750 --> 00:23:47,170
1151
+ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ูˆ ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ skull ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ู‡ูŠุจู‚ู„ูˆุณุฉ ุงู„
1152
+
1153
+ 289
1154
+ 00:23:47,170 --> 00:23:50,930
1155
+ canal ู‡ูŠ ู‡ูŠุจู‚ู„ูˆุณุฉ ุงู„ canal ูˆุงุถุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู† ุงู„ left ุฃูˆ
1156
+
1157
+ 290
1158
+ 00:23:50,930 --> 00:23:55,390
1159
+ ุงู„ right ุฃูˆ ุงู„ leftbranches of hypoglossal nerve
1160
+
1161
+ 291
1162
+ 00:23:55,390 --> 00:24:00,310
1163
+ itself ู‡ู„ุฃ ุงู„ hypoglossal nerve ุจุชุญุฏ ู…ุน C1 ูˆ C2 ูˆ
1164
+
1165
+ 292
1166
+ 00:24:00,310 --> 00:24:04,050
1167
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู† ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง answer cervicals ุฃู†ุง ู…ุงุฑุญ ุฃุชุทุฑู‚
1168
+
1169
+ 293
1170
+ 00:24:04,050 --> 00:24:07,950
1171
+ ู„ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ู‡ุฐุง ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ุฃู†ุง ุจุดุฑุญ ู„ู„ุทุจ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุฃู†ู‡ ุจุชุญุฏ ู…ุน
1172
+
1173
+ 294
1174
+ 00:24:07,950 --> 00:24:12,090
1175
+ cervical one nerve ูˆ cervical two ุฃู†ุง ุฑุงุญ ุฃุดุฑุญ ุจุณ
1176
+
1177
+ 295
1178
+ 00:24:12,090 --> 00:24:14,530
1179
+ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠู‡ู… ุงู„ hypoglossal nerve
1180
+
1181
+ 296
1182
+ 00:24:14,530 --> 00:24:18,110
1183
+ itselfุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃุตู„ู‡ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ hypoglossal nucleus
1184
+
1185
+ 297
1186
+ 00:24:18,110 --> 00:24:21,650
1187
+ ุงู„ุฃุตู„ู‡ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุฏุง ุงู„ู€ supply
1188
+
1189
+ 298
1190
+ 00:24:21,650 --> 00:24:26,630
1191
+ is styloglossus muscle, a hyoglossus muscle
1192
+
1193
+ 299
1194
+ 00:24:26,630 --> 00:24:32,070
1195
+ ูˆgenioglossus muscle and the internal muscle of
1196
+
1197
+ 300
1198
+ 00:24:32,070 --> 00:24:33,910
1199
+ the tongue ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ู† ุงู„ fibers ุฌุงูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„
1200
+
1201
+ 301
1202
+ 00:24:33,910 --> 00:24:37,850
1203
+ hypoglossal nucleus ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃุนุทุชู†ุง hypoglossal nerve
1204
+
1205
+ 302
1206
+ 00:24:37,850 --> 00:24:42,670
1207
+ itself ุจุฏูˆู† ู…ุง ูŠุดุงุฑูƒ ู…ุน ุงู„ spinal nerves ุจูŠุบุฏูŠู†ุง
1208
+
1209
+ 303
1210
+ 00:24:42,670 --> 00:24:47,250
1211
+ styloglossus musclewe hyoglossus muscle ูˆ we
1212
+
1213
+ 304
1214
+ 00:24:47,250 --> 00:24:51,790
1215
+ genioglossus muscle and internal muscle of the
1216
+
1217
+ 305
1218
+ 00:24:51,790 --> 00:24:58,010
1219
+ tongue ู‡ุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูˆุงุถุญุฉ hyoglossal ุฅูŠู‡ ู†ูƒู„ูŠุงุณุนุทุชู†ุง
1220
+
1221
+ 306
1222
+ 00:24:58,010 --> 00:25:02,050
1223
+ hypoglossal nerve ุจูŠููˆุช ููŠ ุงู„ hypoglossal canal ุฒู‰
1224
+
1225
+ 307
1226
+ 00:25:02,050 --> 00:25:05,870
1227
+ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุจุงู„ุชุญุฏ ู…ุน c1 ูˆ c2 ูˆ c3 ู…ุง ุฑุงุญ ุงุชุฏุฎู„ ูˆ
1228
+
1229
+ 308
1230
+ 00:25:05,870 --> 00:25:08,950
1231
+ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ูู‰ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุญุฏุง ูˆ ุงุชุทุฑู‚ ุฅู„ู‡ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุดูˆูŠุฉ
1232
+
1233
+ 309
1234
+ 00:25:08,950 --> 00:25:12,570
1235
+ ุตุนุจ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ูŠูƒูˆุง ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ hypoglossal nerve
1236
+
1237
+ 310
1238
+ 00:25:12,570 --> 00:25:15,510
1239
+ itself ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ู†ุง external and internal muscle of the
1240
+
1241
+ 311
1242
+ 00:25:15,510 --> 00:25:18,590
1243
+ tongue ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู†ู‡ู… ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ู‡ูˆ
1244
+
1245
+ 312
1246
+ 00:25:18,590 --> 00:25:21,010
1247
+ styroglossus muscle, hyoglossus muscle ูˆ
1248
+
1249
+ 313
1250
+ 00:25:21,010 --> 00:25:27,960
1251
+ geneoglossus muscleand supply all
1252
+
1253
+ 314
1254
+ 00:25:27,960 --> 00:25:32,500
1255
+ internal muscles of the tongue ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู‡ุงุฏูŠุฉ ุงูˆ ู„ุญุฏ
1256
+
1257
+ 315
1258
+ 00:25:32,500 --> 00:25:36,660
1259
+ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ slide ุจูƒูˆู† ุงู†ุง ุงูˆ just ู„ูƒู… ูˆ ุดุฑุญุช ู„ูƒู… ุงู„
1260
+
1261
+ 316
1262
+ 00:25:36,660 --> 00:25:41,040
1263
+ cranial nerves ูƒู„ู‡ู… ูˆ ุฏูˆู…ุชู… ุจุฎูŠุฑ ูˆ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู…
1264
+
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/HH8Ar_LievY.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,1505 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:05,040 --> 00:00:10,440
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:10,440 --> 00:00:15,960
7
+ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุชุงุณุน ุฑุงุญ ู†ูƒู…ู„ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:15,960 --> 00:00:19,940
11
+ anatomy and physiology of the cranial nerves ุงู„ุฌุฒุก
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:19,940 --> 00:00:24,900
15
+ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุชุงุณุน ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:24,900 --> 00:00:29,600
19
+ ุงู„ู…ู…ู„ ุนู† anatomy and physiology of the facial
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:29,600 --> 00:00:34,990
23
+ nerve. ุฃู‡ู… ุนุตุจ ู„ูƒู… ููŠ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน cranial nerves ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุนุตุจ
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:34,990 --> 00:00:40,990
27
+ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน facial nerve facial
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:40,990 --> 00:00:44,670
31
+ nerve, it
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:44,670 --> 00:00:48,870
35
+ is a mixed nerve, it is a mixed nerve which
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:48,870 --> 00:00:57,600
39
+ contains motor, sensory, and parasympathetic functions
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:57,600 --> 00:01:02,920
43
+ ุฃูˆ fibers. ู‡ุงูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฏูŠ ุงู„ mix nerve ุนุดุฑ ุชู„ุงู ูˆุชุณุนู…ูŠุฉ
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:01:02,920 --> 00:01:09,670
47
+ ูˆุฎู…ุณ ูˆุณุจุนูŠู†. ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฎุงู…ุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:09,670 --> 00:01:13,490
51
+ Trigeminal nerve. ุฏู„ูˆู‚ุช ุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ Facial nerve
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:13,490 --> 00:01:17,970
55
+ Facial nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน. ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:17,970 --> 00:01:22,230
59
+ Facial nerve, it is mixed nerve, contains motor
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:22,230 --> 00:01:27,250
63
+ sensory and parasympathetic fibers. ูŠูˆู… ุงุชูƒู„ู…ุช ุนู„ู‰
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:27,250 --> 00:01:30,950
67
+ Trigeminal nerve, ู‚ู„ุชู„ูƒูˆุง Trigeminal nerve, it is
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:30,950 --> 00:01:35,310
71
+ more important than sensory nerve. ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู…
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:35,310 --> 00:01:40,730
75
+ ุนู„ู‰ Facial nerve, it is more important as motor
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:40,730 --> 00:01:44,070
79
+ nerveุŒ ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠ ู…ู‡ู… ุฅู„ูƒูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠุŒ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:44,070 --> 00:01:51,110
83
+ facial nerveุŒ ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ุนุตุจ ุญุฑูƒูŠ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ุญุณูŠู‡ุŒ ู‡ูˆ ููŠ
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:01:51,110 --> 00:01:57,110
87
+ ุฎู„ูŠุท ุงู„ุฃู†ุณุฌุฉุŒ ู„ูƒู† ู‡ูˆ more important as motor nerve
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:01:57,110 --> 00:02:01,730
91
+ than sensory and than parasympathetic functions.
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:02,370 --> 00:02:06,550
95
+ what's the root of a facial nerve? ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุงู† ุงู„
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:06,550 --> 00:02:11,070
99
+ facial nerve emerges ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ lower part of the
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:11,070 --> 00:02:16,130
103
+ pons, between the pons and medulla oblongata. ุจุฎุฑุฌ
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:16,130 --> 00:02:22,230
107
+ as a two root, ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูƒุงู… rootุŸ two root. large
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:22,230 --> 00:02:31,100
111
+ root, large root ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ motor facial, motor root
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:31,100 --> 00:02:37,000
115
+ facial motor root, is purely motor nerve, supply all
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:37,000 --> 00:02:42,360
119
+ the muscle of expression, facial expression. second
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:42,360 --> 00:02:48,140
123
+ root, small root, small root ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ nerve
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:02:48,140 --> 00:02:53,880
127
+ intermediates, nerve intermediates, contains sensory
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:02:53,880 --> 00:02:59,900
131
+ and parasympathetic fibers. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ facial
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:02:59,900 --> 00:03:05,370
135
+ nerve ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ .. ุงู„ ventral surface of the pons
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:05,370 --> 00:03:09,390
139
+ ููŠ ุงู„ lower part of the pons, between the pons and
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:09,390 --> 00:03:14,730
143
+ medulla oblongata, as two root, large root, facial
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:14,730 --> 00:03:20,390
147
+ motor nerve, ูˆ small root ูŠุนุชุจุฑ intermedius nerve
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:20,390 --> 00:03:25,210
151
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠู‡ sensory ูˆ parasympathetic fibers. sensory
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:25,210 --> 00:03:32,710
155
+ ูˆ parasympathetic fibers ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ lower part of
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:32,710 --> 00:03:37,950
159
+ the pons. ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู†ู‡ุง large root. ุฃู†ุง ุจุฑุณู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:37,950 --> 00:03:45,350
163
+ left side, large root ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ motor facial nerve, ูˆ
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:45,350 --> 00:03:50,590
167
+ small root, nerve intermediates, nerve intermediates
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:50,590 --> 00:03:55,030
171
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ sensation ูˆ ู‡ูŠ parasympathetic
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:03:55,030 --> 00:03:59,650
175
+ function, sensory and parasympathetic function.
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:04:04,790 --> 00:04:11,850
179
+ nuclei of the facial nerve, ุญุณุจ ุงู„ function, ููŠู‡
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:04:11,850 --> 00:04:17,450
183
+ nuclei. ุงุชูุงู‚ู†ุง main function is motor function.
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:17,450 --> 00:04:23,750
187
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุนู†ุฏูŠ facial motor nerve, facial motor
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:23,750 --> 00:04:29,590
191
+ nucleus, ููŠู‡ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ facial motor nucleus. ุชู†ุฌุณู…
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:29,590 --> 00:04:35,040
195
+ ุฌุณู…ูŠู†. ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ facial motor nucleus ุงู„ู‡ุง dorsal part
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:35,040 --> 00:04:44,340
199
+ ูˆ ventral part. ู‡ูŠ ู†ุฑุณู…ู‡ุง. ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุนุชุจุฑ facial motor
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:44,340 --> 00:04:57,040
203
+ nucleus of facial nerve, ุชู…ุงู…. ุงู„ู‡ุง ุฌุฒุฆูŠู† ุฌุฒุก ุฏูˆุฑุณู„
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:57,040 --> 00:04:59,360
207
+ ูˆุฌุฒุก
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:05:01,570 --> 00:05:10,070
211
+ ventral. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุณู„ุŒ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุณู„
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:05:10,070 --> 00:05:14,890
215
+ supply the
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:05:14,890 --> 00:05:19,730
219
+ upper part
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:05:19,730 --> 00:05:28,670
223
+ of the face. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุณู„ nucleus ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:05:28,670 --> 00:05:34,410
227
+ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุฃูŠ ุฌุฒุกุŸ upper part of the face ูŠุนู†ูŠ upper
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:05:34,410 --> 00:05:38,250
231
+ quadrant of the face. ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูˆ ุบู…ุถุช ุนูŠู†ูŠ ู…ูŠู† ุญุฑูƒ
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:38,250 --> 00:05:44,170
235
+ ู„ุนูŠู†ุŸ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ dorsal part. ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ุงูŠู‡ ุงุถุญูƒ ุดูŠุก ุนู†
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:44,170 --> 00:05:46,810
239
+ ุงู„ุงู…ุชุญุงู† ูˆ ู…ุงุนุฌุจูƒ ูˆ ุงุดุฑุญู‡ุง ุงู„ุทุงู„ุจ ุงูˆ ุทุงู„ุจ ูŠุนู…ู„
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:46,810 --> 00:05:51,800
243
+ ุจุชู…ู‡ุง ุฒูŠูƒ ุญุฑูƒ ู…ุด ู…ุงุฌุจู‡ู…ู…ุด ู‡ู†ุฌูŠุจู‡ู…. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ุงู†ุง ุญุฑูƒุช
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:51,800 --> 00:05:55,200
247
+ ุงู„ lower quadrant of the face ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ ุงู„ lower
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:55,200 --> 00:06:00,720
251
+ quadrant ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ventral nucleus. ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:06:00,720 --> 00:06:04,140
255
+ lower part
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:06:05,060 --> 00:06:08,780
259
+ of the face. ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ motor ู…ู†
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:06:08,780 --> 00:06:14,480
263
+ ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงูŠู‡ motor. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉ facial motor nucleus
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:06:14,480 --> 00:06:20,160
267
+ ุงู„ู‡ุง two part, dorsal part and ventral part. ุงู„
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:06:20,160 --> 00:06:25,340
271
+ dorsal part ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู† ุงู„ upper quadrant of
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:25,340 --> 00:06:29,060
275
+ the face. ุงู„ ventral part ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ lower
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:29,060 --> 00:06:32,560
279
+ quadrant of the face. ูˆูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุฏูŠ ุงู„ nucleusุŸ
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:32,560 --> 00:06:36,300
283
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ pons. ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ pons. ุฅูŠุด
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:36,300 --> 00:06:41,300
287
+ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุงุŸ supply the facial muscles. ู„ูˆ ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:06:41,300 --> 00:06:46,540
291
+ lower quadrant ุจุจุทุฑู‚ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ ventral part. upper
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:06:46,540 --> 00:06:52,120
295
+ quadrant of the face, dorsal part. ุซู…ุงู†ุฉ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:06:52,950 --> 00:06:57,730
299
+ Superior Salivary Nucleus, Superior Salivary
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:06:57,730 --> 00:07:02,870
303
+ Nucleus. ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ Parasympathetic function.
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:07:02,870 --> 00:07:10,630
307
+ Secretomotor. ุจุชุบุฏูŠู„ู†ุง submandibular and sublingual
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:07:10,630 --> 00:07:15,190
311
+ salivary glands, ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ branch ู…ู† ุงู„ facial nerve
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:07:15,190 --> 00:07:21,600
315
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ chorda tympani nerve. ูƒูˆุฑุฏุฉ ุชู…ุจู†ูŠ ู†ูŠุฑู. ูˆ ุจุชุบุฏูŠู† ุงู„
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:07:21,600 --> 00:07:26,500
319
+ glands of the palate, nose. ู„ุงุฎุฑู… ุงู„ gland
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:26,500 --> 00:07:32,880
323
+ nasopharynx ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุนุตุจ ุงุณู…ู‡ GSPN, greater
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:32,880 --> 00:07:37,800
327
+ superficial petrosal nerve. ุงุฐุง ุฐูƒุฑูˆุง ู„ู…ุง ู†ุฑูˆุญ
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:07:37,800 --> 00:07:42,100
331
+ ุงู„ู…ุทุจุฎ, ู†ู‚ุทุน ุจุตู„, ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุญุงู„ุชู†ุงุŸ ุดู„ุด, ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุญุงู„ุชู†ุง
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:07:42,100 --> 00:07:48,010
335
+ ููŠ ุดู„ุด, ุจู†ุฏู…ุน ูˆ ุจู†ู ูˆ ุญู„ู‚ ุตุนุจุฉ. ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ูˆุถุน ู‡ู†ุง ู…ู†
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:07:48,010 --> 00:07:53,010
339
+ ุงู„ุจุตู„, ู…ูŠู† ุจุดุชุบู„ ู‡ู†ุงุŸ ุงู„ู€ Parasympathetic fibers
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:07:53,010 --> 00:07:57,270
343
+ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุงู„ facial nerve. ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุฃูŠ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณุŸ
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:07:57,270 --> 00:08:01,230
347
+ superior salivary nucleus. ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:08:01,230 --> 00:08:07,590
351
+ Parasympathetic. ุงู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ุชุงู„ุชุฉ, solitary nucleus
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:08:07,590 --> 00:08:14,530
355
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ู‚ุงุชุง. ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจู…ุงุฐุงุŸ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:08:14,530 --> 00:08:18,130
359
+ ุจุงู„ู€ sensory functionุŒ ูˆู…ู† ุถู…ู† ุงู„ู€ sensory
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:08:18,130 --> 00:08:24,310
363
+ function, tasteุŒ sensation from the anterior to
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:08:24,310 --> 00:08:29,930
367
+ third of the tongue. ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ facial nerve ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:08:29,930 --> 00:08:34,950
371
+ ุญุงุณุฉ ุงู„ุชุฐูˆู‚ ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ tongue. ู…ู† ุฃูŠ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:08:34,950 --> 00:08:38,630
375
+ anterior to third of the tongue. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ taste
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:08:38,630 --> 00:08:43,370
379
+ sensation from the anterior to third of the tongue
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:08:43,370 --> 00:08:48,310
383
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญุณ ููŠู‡ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ facial nerve, ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุนุตุจ ุงุณู…ู‡
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:08:48,310 --> 00:08:50,750
387
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ูƒู…ุงู†, chorda tympani nerve. ู‡ูˆ chorda
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:08:50,750 --> 00:08:55,470
391
+ tympani nerve.ูˆ ุฃูŠ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณุŸ solitary nucleus. ูˆูŠู†
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:08:55,470 --> 00:08:58,250
395
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุงู„ solitary nucleusุŸ ููŠ ู…ุถู„ุฉ ุงูˆ ุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:08:58,250 --> 00:09:00,390
399
+ ุงุญู†ุง ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ููŠู‡ exception. ู…ุน ุงู† ุงู„ facial nerve
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:09:00,390 --> 00:09:03,510
403
+ ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ pons. ุชู„ุงุญุธูˆุง superior salivary
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:09:03,510 --> 00:09:06,990
407
+ ููŠ ุงู„ pons. ูˆ ุงู„ motor nucleus ููŠ ุงู„ pons. ู„ูƒู† ุงู„
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:09:06,990 --> 00:09:10,830
411
+ solitary nucleus ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ู…ุถู„ุฉ ุงูˆ ุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:09:10,830 --> 00:09:14,410
415
+ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ูƒู…ุงู† ุนู† ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน ูˆ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ู…ู†
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:09:14,410 --> 00:09:21,600
419
+ ุนู† ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุนุงุดุฑ. functions of the facial nerve. ุงูŠุด
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:09:21,600 --> 00:09:25,720
423
+ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ facial nerve? ุงูˆู„ function, it is the main
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:09:25,720 --> 00:09:33,760
427
+ function, motor, motor, motor function, motor function
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:09:33,760 --> 00:09:40,240
431
+ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง ุงู„ motor ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ supply the muscles of
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:09:40,240 --> 00:09:47,160
435
+ facial expression. ู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:09:47,160 --> 00:09:52,120
439
+ facial expression. ุซุงู†ูŠ, parasympathetic function
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:09:52,120 --> 00:09:57,540
443
+ to all glands of head. ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ submandibular
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:09:57,540 --> 00:10:02,670
447
+ sublingual and lacrimal glands. Except Parotid
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:10:02,670 --> 00:10:05,950
451
+ glands. ู…ุง ุจุชุบุฏู‰ ุงู„ Parotid gland. ุงู„ Parotid gland
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:10:05,950 --> 00:10:10,470
455
+ ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ Glossopharyngeal nerve. ุงู„ุนุตุจ
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:10:10,470 --> 00:10:16,450
459
+ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ facial nerve ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ูƒู„ ุงู„ salivary
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:10:16,450 --> 00:10:21,650
463
+ glands ู…ุน ุฏู‚ ุงูˆุชูƒ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ Parotid gland ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู†
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:10:21,650 --> 00:10:26,690
467
+ Glossopharyngeal nerve. ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† sensory from
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:10:26,690 --> 00:10:33,190
471
+ skin of the external auricle ูˆ tympanic membrane. ุจุบุถ
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:10:33,190 --> 00:10:36,990
475
+ ู†ุธุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุฐู† ูˆ ู…ู† ุทุงุจู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฐู† tympanic membrane ูˆ ุฃู‡ู…
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:10:36,990 --> 00:10:42,930
479
+ ุดูŠุก ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ taste sensation from the anterior
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:10:42,930 --> 00:10:48,220
483
+ to third of the tongue. ู†ุทุจู‚ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ู‚ู„ูŠ, ITest
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:10:48,220 --> 00:10:52,020
487
+ sensation ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุงู†ุชุฑุงู„ ุชูˆุชุฑุฏ of the tongue. ู…ุณุฆูˆู„
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:10:52,020 --> 00:10:58,480
491
+ ุนู†ู‡ุง ู…ูŠู†ุŸ Solitary nucleus. Sensory of skin ุชุจุน ุงู„
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:10:58,480 --> 00:11:02,740
495
+ external auricle ูˆ ุงู„ membrane ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ุง. ุชู†ุจุงู†ูƒ
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:11:02,740 --> 00:11:06,120
499
+ ู…ู…ุจุฑุงู† ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ุง ูƒู…ุงู† Solitary nucleus. ุงู„ู€
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:11:06,120 --> 00:11:08,980
503
+ Parasympathetic Function ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ ู„ู€ glands, salivary
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:11:08,980 --> 00:11:13,000
507
+ glands. Superior Salivary Nucleus. ุงู„ู€ Motor Function
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:11:13,000 --> 00:11:19,180
511
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ Motor Nucleus of Facial Nerve, ุชู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู†
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:11:19,180 --> 00:11:25,490
515
+ Ventral Part and Dorsal Part. ูˆ ventral part ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ a
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:11:25,490 --> 00:11:28,790
519
+ ุฃูˆ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† a. ุงู„ ventral part ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ lower
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:11:28,790 --> 00:11:32,830
523
+ quadrant of the face. lower quadrant of the face ูˆ
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:11:32,830 --> 00:11:36,670
527
+ dorsal nucleus ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† upper quadrant of the face.
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:11:36,670 --> 00:11:44,350
531
+ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ intracranial course of the facial nerve.
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:11:44,350 --> 00:11:48,690
535
+ ุงู„ intracranial course of facial nerve. the facial
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:11:48,690 --> 00:11:54,030
539
+ nerve emerges from the lower border of the ponsุŒ
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:11:54,030 --> 00:11:58,250
543
+ ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุฃูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ lower border ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ ponsุŒ ุจุนุฏ
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:11:58,250 --> 00:12:02,810
547
+ ู‡ูŠ ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ cerebellopontine angleุŒ ูŠูˆู… ู…ุง ุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒูˆุง
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:12:02,810 --> 00:12:05,850
551
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฎุงู…ุณุŒ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ cerebellopontine
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:12:05,850 --> 00:12:11,050
555
+ angleุŒ ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฎุงู…ุณ ูˆุงู„ุณุจุน ูˆุงู„ุซุงู…ู†ุŒ ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠ
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:12:11,050 --> 00:12:16,980
559
+ ุจูŠููˆุช ู„ู„ internal auditory meatus. ุจูŠู…ูˆุฑ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:12:16,980 --> 00:12:22,400
563
+ facial canal ุฃูˆ fallopian canal. ู…ุงุชุฎุฑุจุทูˆุดุŸ ููŠ
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:12:22,400 --> 00:12:25,480
567
+ fallopian tube. ุญุฏ ูŠูƒุชุจู„ูŠ fallopian tube. fallopian
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:12:25,480 --> 00:12:29,760
571
+ tube. ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูู‚ุท ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ female. ุจุชุฑุจุท ุงู„ uterus
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:12:29,760 --> 00:12:35,320
575
+ ู…ุน ุงู„ ovary. ู‚ู†ุงุฉ ุจูŠู† ู…ู† ูˆู…ู†ุŸ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุฑุญู… ุงู„ uterus ูˆ
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:12:35,320 --> 00:12:40,510
579
+ ุงู„ ovary ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุจุงูŠุถ. fallopian canal ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุงู„
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:12:40,510 --> 00:12:48,570
583
+ ูˆุงู„ูู…ุงู„. ุงุณู…ู‡ุง facial canal ุฃูˆ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง internal
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:12:48,570 --> 00:12:52,970
587
+ auditory canal. ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ petrostemporal bone.
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:12:54,480 --> 00:12:59,480
591
+ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ู…ุฑูˆุฑู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ facial canal, ุงู„ facial nerve
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:12:59,480 --> 00:13:02,900
595
+ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง three branches. ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ู… ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ.
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:13:02,900 --> 00:13:06,940
599
+ finally, it exit from stylo-mastoid foramen. ูˆููŠ
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:13:06,940 --> 00:13:11,280
603
+ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุจุฎุฑุฌู„ู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ู…ู† stylo-mastoid foramen.
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:13:11,280 --> 00:13:21,370
607
+ ู‡ูŠ ุงู†ุฏูŠ ุชุงุจุน ู…ุนุงูŠุง. ุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ facial nerve ู…ู† lower
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:13:21,370 --> 00:13:24,470
611
+ border of the pons, between the pons and medulla
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:13:24,470 --> 00:13:33,110
615
+ oblongata. ู…ุฑูˆูŠู† ููŠ cerebellopontine angle. ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:13:33,110 --> 00:13:39,630
619
+ ุจูŠููˆุช ู„ู„ internal auditory
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:13:39,630 --> 00:13:45,210
623
+ meatus. ู„ู„ facial canal. facial ุงูŠู‡ุŸ canal ุฃูˆ
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:13:45,210 --> 00:13:46,630
627
+ fallopian canal.
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:13:49,240 --> 00:13:53,900
631
+ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ู…ุฑูˆุฑู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ facial canal ุฅู„ู‡ ุฌุงู†ุฌู„ูŠูˆู† ุงุณู…
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:13:53,900 --> 00:13:58,820
635
+ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุฌู„ูŠูˆู† geniculate ganglion. ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุฌู„ูŠูˆู†
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:13:58,820 --> 00:14:03,760
639
+ ุงู„ู€ geniculate ganglion ุฅู„ู‡ three branches, greater
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:14:03,760 --> 00:14:08,140
643
+ superficial petrosal nerve, nerve to stapedius
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:14:08,140 --> 00:14:12,760
647
+ muscle, ูˆ chorda tympani nerve. ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ุชู„ุงุซุฉ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชูƒู„ู…
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:14:12,760 --> 00:14:19,420
651
+ ุนู†ู‡ู… ูˆ finally ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ุจูŠุบุงุฏุฑ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:14:19,420 --> 00:14:24,160
655
+ stylomastoid foramen. ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† stylomastoid
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:14:24,160 --> 00:14:28,660
659
+ foramen. ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ course ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ facial
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:14:28,660 --> 00:14:31,380
663
+ nerve intracranial course.
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:14:37,190 --> 00:14:41,890
667
+ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ extra cranial course of the facial nerve.
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:14:41,890 --> 00:14:47,910
671
+ It leaves the skull through the stylomastoid
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:14:47,910 --> 00:14:51,630
675
+ foramen. ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุบุงุฏุฑ ุงู„ facial canal ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:14:51,630 --> 00:14:54,590
679
+ ุงู„ skull ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ stylomastoid foramen.
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:14:54,590 --> 00:15:01,350
683
+ Immediately after exit of the skull, it gives two
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:15:01,350 --> 00:15:03,630
687
+ branches. ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ skull ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:15:03,630 --> 00:15:09,810
691
+ immediately two branches. ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠุฏุฎู„ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:15:09,810 --> 00:15:16,270
695
+ posterior medial surface
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:15:16,270 --> 00:15:20,150
699
+ of parotid gland. ุจูŠูƒูˆู† superficial ู„ู€ external
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:15:20,150 --> 00:15:26,750
703
+ carotid artery, ูˆ it ends inside of the substance
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:15:26,750 --> 00:15:32,710
707
+ part of the gland by dividing into five terminal
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:15:32,710 --> 00:15:36,610
711
+ branches. ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง five branches. ูŠุนู†ูŠ
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:15:36,610 --> 00:15:41,150
715
+ ุทู„ุน ุงู„ facial nerve ู„ู‡ ูƒุงู… branchุŸ ุนุดุฑุฉุŒ ู„ู‡ ุนุดุฑุฉุŒ
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:15:41,150 --> 00:15:46,000
719
+ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ facial canal, ุงุซู†ูŠู† immediately
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:15:46,000 --> 00:15:48,660
723
+ after exit ูˆ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู†
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:15:48,660 --> 00:15:52,360
727
+ ุงู„ู€ stylomastoid foramen ูˆ ุฎู…ุณุฉ terminal branches.
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:15:52,360 --> 00:15:59,820
731
+ ุตุงุฑูˆุง ูƒุงู…ุŸ ุตุงุฑูˆุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุนุดุฑุฉ branches. ู„ู…ู† ู„ุงู„ู‡ facial
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:15:5
735
+
736
+ 201
737
+ 00:17:27,980 --> 00:17:34,860
738
+ small branch to stapedius muscle ุงูŠู‡ ุจุฌู†ู‡ุŸ ู‡ุฐุง
739
+
740
+ 202
741
+ 00:17:34,860 --> 00:17:40,680
742
+ small branch ู„ู„ุงุณุชุงุจูŠุฏูŠุงุณ muscle ูŠุนุชุจุฑ motor ุฌูŠ ุงุณ ุจูŠ
743
+
744
+ 203
745
+ 00:17:40,680 --> 00:17:46,360
746
+ ุฅู† ุจุงุฑุง sympathetic ุงู„ูƒูˆุฑุฏุฉ ุชู†ุจุน ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุจุงุฑุง
747
+
748
+ 204
749
+ 00:17:46,360 --> 00:17:52,370
750
+ sympathetic ูˆ sensory ูˆ ู‡ูŠ ูˆ sensory Posterior
751
+
752
+ 205
753
+ 00:17:52,370 --> 00:17:56,110
754
+ Auricular Nerve ูŠุนุชุจุฑ motor ู…ุน Sensory ู…ุน ุจุนุถ
755
+
756
+ 206
757
+ 00:17:56,110 --> 00:17:59,950
758
+ Nerve of Posterior Belly of the Digastric Muscle
759
+
760
+ 207
761
+ 00:17:59,950 --> 00:18:05,710
762
+ motor ูˆ Terminal five branches temporal nerve motor
763
+
764
+ 208
765
+ 00:18:05,710 --> 00:18:12,530
766
+ motor motor motor motor motor motor motor motor
767
+
768
+ 209
769
+ 00:18:12,530 --> 00:18:20,530
770
+ motor motor motor motor motor
771
+
772
+ 210
773
+ 00:18:25,670 --> 00:18:30,930
774
+ ุงุซู†ูŠู† immediately after exit ูˆุฎู…ุณุฉ terminal ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ
775
+
776
+ 211
777
+ 00:18:30,930 --> 00:18:34,510
778
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ canal ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ canal ูˆุงุญุฏ GSBN
779
+
780
+ 212
781
+ 00:18:34,510 --> 00:18:37,850
782
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ greater superficial petrosal nerve ุซู…ูŠู†
783
+
784
+ 213
785
+ 00:18:37,850 --> 00:18:42,670
786
+ small branch to stapedius muscle ุซู„ุงุซุฉ corda
787
+
788
+ 214
789
+ 00:18:42,670 --> 00:18:48,470
790
+ tympani nerve ุงู„ two nerves immediately after exit
791
+
792
+ 215
793
+ 00:18:48,470 --> 00:18:51,930
794
+ from stylomastoid foramen ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ posterior
795
+
796
+ 216
797
+ 00:18:51,930 --> 00:18:56,010
798
+ auricular nerveูˆ nerve to posterior belly of
799
+
800
+ 217
801
+ 00:18:56,010 --> 00:19:00,230
802
+ digastric muscle and stylohyoid muscle ูˆุฎู…ุณุฉ
803
+
804
+ 218
805
+ 00:19:00,230 --> 00:19:03,610
806
+ terminal branches temporal nerve ุฒูŠ Zygomatic nerve,
807
+
808
+ 219
809
+ 00:19:04,030 --> 00:19:07,310
810
+ buccal nerve, marginal mandibular nerve and
811
+
812
+ 220
813
+ 00:19:07,310 --> 00:19:13,890
814
+ cervical nerve ุงู„ุขู† ููŠ ุงู„ slide ู‡ุฐุง ุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
815
+
816
+ 221
817
+ 00:19:14,740 --> 00:19:19,660
818
+ ุงู„ู€ branches ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ canal GSPN
819
+
820
+ 222
821
+ 00:19:19,660 --> 00:19:24,460
822
+ ุฃูˆ Greater Superficial Petrosal Nerve it is a
823
+
824
+ 223
825
+ 00:19:24,460 --> 00:19:29,700
826
+ parasympathetic nerve carry parasympathetic fibers
827
+
828
+ 224
829
+ 00:19:29,700 --> 00:19:34,560
830
+ to the lacrimal gland, nasal gland, nasopharyngeal
831
+
832
+ 225
833
+ 00:19:34,560 --> 00:19:40,560
834
+ gland, palatine gland ูƒู„ู‡ุง ู…ู†ู‡ุซู…ูŠู† small branch to
835
+
836
+ 226
837
+ 00:19:40,560 --> 00:19:44,260
838
+ the stapedius muscle in the middle ear ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
839
+
840
+ 227
841
+ 00:19:44,260 --> 00:19:49,260
842
+ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ motor nerve reduce excessive vibration and
843
+
844
+ 228
845
+ 00:19:49,260 --> 00:19:53,280
846
+ sound transmission to inner ear ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฌูŠุฑุงู†ูƒูˆุง
847
+
848
+ 229
849
+ 00:19:53,280 --> 00:19:57,660
850
+ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุญูู„ุฉ ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠู„ ูˆ ู‡ู… ุฃุบุงู†ูŠ ู…ุด ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุฃูŠู†
851
+
852
+ 230
853
+ 00:19:57,660 --> 00:20:02,280
854
+ ุฌุงูŠุจูŠู†ู‡ุง ูˆ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุจูŠุฑู‡ู‚ ู…ู† ุณู…ุญ ุงู„ุฃุบุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุด
855
+
856
+ 231
857
+ 00:20:02,280 --> 00:20:07,890
858
+ ุญู„ูˆุฉ ูˆ ู…ุงุนู„ูŠู‡ุงุด ุฃูŠ ู…ุนู†ู‰ ูˆ ุญุฑุงู…ู…ุงุฐุง ุชูุนู„ ู‡ุฐู‡
859
+
860
+ 232
861
+ 00:20:07,890 --> 00:20:11,330
862
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉุŸ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุชุญุฏุซ ู„ู‡ุง contraction ู„ู€
863
+
864
+ 233
865
+ 00:20:11,330 --> 00:20:14,830
866
+ Stapedius muscle ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ุชุนู…ู„ contractionุŸ ุนุดุงู† ู†ู‚ู„ู„
867
+
868
+ 234
869
+ 00:20:14,830 --> 00:20:19,770
870
+ ุชูˆุตูŠู„ ุงู„ุตูˆุช ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุฐู† ุงู„ูˆุณุทู‰ ู„ู„ุฃุฐู† ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†
871
+
872
+ 235
873
+ 00:20:19,770 --> 00:20:22,570
874
+ ุญูู„ุฉ ุนู† ุฌูŠุฑุงู†ูƒูˆุง ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ุชูƒูˆู† Stapedius muscle ููŠ
875
+
876
+ 236
877
+ 00:20:22,570 --> 00:20:26,750
878
+ ูˆุถุน contraction ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุงุŸ reduction excessive
879
+
880
+ 237
881
+ 00:20:26,750 --> 00:20:32,670
882
+ vibration and sound transmission from middle ear to
883
+
884
+ 238
885
+ 00:20:32,670 --> 00:20:35,790
886
+ inner earุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰
887
+
888
+ 239
889
+ 00:20:35,790 --> 00:20:39,650
890
+ contraction ุชุนู…ู„ ุชุฎููŠุถ ู„ู„ุตูˆุช ุงู„ุนุงู„ูŠุŒ ุชูˆุตูŠู„ ุงู„ุตูˆุช
891
+
892
+ 240
893
+ 00:20:39,650 --> 00:20:43,650
894
+ ุงู„ุนุงู„ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุฐู† ุงู„ูˆุณุทู‰ ู„ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ุฃุฐู† ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠุฉุŒ ู„ูƒู†
895
+
896
+ 241
897
+ 00:20:43,650 --> 00:20:47,770
898
+ ู„ูˆ ู…ุง ูƒุงู†ุช ุดุบุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉุŒ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡
899
+
900
+ 242
901
+ 00:20:47,770 --> 00:20:51,250
902
+ hyperacusiaุŒ hyper ุงูŠู‡ุŸ Acusia
903
+
904
+ 243
905
+ 00:20:53,830 --> 00:20:56,630
906
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุจู‚ุฑุง ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฅู„ูƒูˆุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡
907
+
908
+ 244
909
+ 00:20:56,630 --> 00:20:59,350
910
+ hyperacusia ุจู‚ุฏุฑุด ุชุญู…ู„ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุตูˆุช ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
911
+
912
+ 245
913
+ 00:20:59,350 --> 00:21:05,960
914
+ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู‡ ุนุงู„ูŠ ูƒุซูŠุฑ ูˆ ู…ุฒุนุฌ ูƒุซูŠุฑ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ corda ุชู†ุจุน
915
+
916
+ 246
917
+ 00:21:05,960 --> 00:21:09,740
918
+ nerve ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุจุงุฑุง ุณูŠู…ุจุงุชุงุชูŠูƒ ูˆ special sensory
919
+
920
+ 247
921
+ 00:21:09,740 --> 00:21:15,660
922
+ nerve ูŠุนุทูŠ ุจุงุฑุง ุณูŠู…ุจุงุชุงุชูŠูƒ fibers ู„ submandibular ูˆ
923
+
924
+ 248
925
+ 00:21:15,660 --> 00:21:20,320
926
+ sublingual salivary gland ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุงู„ submandibular ูˆ
927
+
928
+ 249
929
+ 00:21:20,320 --> 00:21:23,260
930
+ sublingual salivary gland ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ production
931
+
932
+ 250
933
+ 00:21:23,260 --> 00:21:27,780
934
+ of saliva ุงุซู†ูŠู† sub lingual taste ุงู„ sensation ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ
935
+
936
+ 251
937
+ 00:21:27,780 --> 00:21:35,130
938
+ ุงู„ุชุฐูˆู‚ from anterior two third of the tongue ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
939
+
940
+ 252
941
+ 00:21:35,130 --> 00:21:39,170
942
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ greater superficial petrosal nerve ู‡ุงูŠ
943
+
944
+ 253
945
+ 00:21:39,170 --> 00:21:44,790
946
+ nerve to stapedius muscle ูˆู‡ูŠ
947
+
948
+ 254
949
+ 00:21:44,790 --> 00:21:48,890
950
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ corda tympani nerve ูˆุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู†
951
+
952
+ 255
953
+ 00:21:48,890 --> 00:21:53,870
954
+ stylomastoid foramen ู…ู† stylomastoid foramen ุฎุฑุฌ
955
+
956
+ 256
957
+ 00:21:53,870 --> 00:21:57,730
958
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ facial nerve ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃู†ุง ุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒูˆุง ุฃูˆู„
959
+
960
+ 257
961
+ 00:21:57,730 --> 00:22:06,170
962
+ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ facial nerve ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู†
963
+
964
+ 258
965
+ 00:22:06,170 --> 00:22:10,590
966
+ stylomastoid foramen ูˆุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง two branches
967
+
968
+ 259
969
+ 00:22:10,590 --> 00:22:15,250
970
+ posterior auricular nerve and nerve to posterior
971
+
972
+ 260
973
+ 00:22:15,250 --> 00:22:20,370
974
+ belly of the digastric muscle and stylohyoid muscle
975
+
976
+ 261
977
+ 00:22:20,370 --> 00:22:26,230
978
+ ู‡ุงูŠ
979
+
980
+ 262
981
+ 00:22:26,230 --> 00:22:33,850
982
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ facial nerve ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ stylo
983
+
984
+ 263
985
+ 00:22:33,850 --> 00:22:43,130
986
+ mastoid foramen ุงู„ุขู†
987
+
988
+ 264
989
+ 00:22:43,130 --> 00:22:48,490
990
+ ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ branches of the facial nerve immediately
991
+
992
+ 265
993
+ 00:22:48,490 --> 00:22:52,930
994
+ after exit from the skull ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ skull
995
+
996
+ 266
997
+ 00:22:52,930 --> 00:22:55,990
998
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ stylomastoid foramen immediately it gives
999
+
1000
+ 267
1001
+ 00:22:55,990 --> 00:23:01,000
1002
+ two branches ุฃูˆู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ posterior auricular nerve
1003
+
1004
+ 268
1005
+ 00:23:01,000 --> 00:23:05,920
1006
+ posterior auricular nerve supply of occipital belly
1007
+
1008
+ 269
1009
+ 00:23:05,920 --> 00:23:11,260
1010
+ of occipitofrontalis muscle supply also superior
1011
+
1012
+ 270
1013
+ 00:23:11,260 --> 00:23:16,000
1014
+ and posterior auricularis muscle ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุงู„
1015
+
1016
+ 271
1017
+ 00:23:16,000 --> 00:23:18,020
1018
+ superior ูˆ ุงู„ posterior auricularis muscle
1019
+
1020
+ 272
1021
+ 00:23:20,910 --> 00:23:25,630
1022
+ ุฃูˆุฑูŠูƒูˆู„ุงุฑ muscle ู„ู‡ุง ุฌุฒุกูŠู† ุฌุฒุก posterior ูˆ ุฌุฒุก
1023
+
1024
+ 273
1025
+ 00:23:25,630 --> 00:23:30,230
1026
+ anterior ู‡ูˆ ุฃุฏู‚ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ posterior part ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ
1027
+
1028
+ 274
1029
+ 00:23:30,230 --> 00:23:33,830
1030
+ posterior part ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ temporal nerve ุฑุงุญ ูŠุบุฐูŠ main
1031
+
1032
+ 275
1033
+ 00:23:33,830 --> 00:23:38,050
1034
+ anterior part ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ posterior auricular nerve
1035
+
1036
+ 276
1037
+ 00:23:38,050 --> 00:23:41,930
1038
+ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุบุฐูŠ ุฃุฏู‚ ุงู„ posterior part of superior
1039
+
1040
+ 277
1041
+ 00:23:41,930 --> 00:23:46,770
1042
+ auricular muscle Okay ูˆ ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„
1043
+
1044
+ 278
1045
+ 00:23:46,770 --> 00:23:51,650
1046
+ sensation from the posterior part of the auricle
1047
+
1048
+ 279
1049
+ 00:23:51,650 --> 00:23:56,330
1050
+ and tympanic membrane ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงุณู…ู‡ ูˆุงุถุญ
1051
+
1052
+ 280
1053
+ 00:23:56,330 --> 00:23:59,710
1054
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ nerve to posterior belly of the digastric
1055
+
1056
+ 281
1057
+ 00:23:59,710 --> 00:24:02,630
1058
+ muscle and the stylohyoid muscle ููŠ ุบุฐูŠ ุงู„
1059
+
1060
+ 282
1061
+ 00:24:02,630 --> 00:24:05,530
1062
+ posterior belly of the digastric muscle and the
1063
+
1064
+ 283
1065
+ 00:24:05,530 --> 00:24:10,590
1066
+ stylohyoid muscle ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ posterior
1067
+
1068
+ 284
1069
+ 00:24:10,590 --> 00:24:17,240
1070
+ auricular nerve Posterior Auricular nerve ุฎุฑุฌ
1071
+
1072
+ 285
1073
+ 00:24:17,240 --> 00:24:22,380
1074
+ immediately ุชูˆู†ูŠุฑู posterior auricular nerve ูˆ nerve
1075
+
1076
+ 286
1077
+ 00:24:22,380 --> 00:24:25,860
1078
+ to posterior belly digastric muscle ูˆ stylohyoid ู†ุชูƒู„ู…
1079
+
1080
+ 287
1081
+ 00:24:25,860 --> 00:24:29,340
1082
+ ุนู† posterior auricular ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ occipital belly ุงูˆ
1083
+
1084
+ 288
1085
+ 00:24:29,340 --> 00:24:35,560
1086
+ occipitofrontalis muscle ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ posterior auricular
1087
+
1088
+ 289
1089
+ 00:24:35,560 --> 00:24:41,050
1090
+ muscle ูˆ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุงู„ posterior part of superior
1091
+
1092
+ 290
1093
+ 00:24:41,050 --> 00:24:45,070
1094
+ auricular muscle ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ posterior auricular nerve
1095
+
1096
+ 291
1097
+ 00:24:45,070 --> 00:24:49,030
1098
+ ูˆ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุฃูˆ receive sensation from the posterior
1099
+
1100
+ 292
1101
+ 00:24:49,030 --> 00:24:53,810
1102
+ auricle and posterior tympanic membrane ู‡ุฐุง ุฃูˆู„
1103
+
1104
+ 293
1105
+ 00:24:53,810 --> 00:25:02,040
1106
+ branch after exit ู‡ุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ Occipital belly of
1107
+
1108
+ 294
1109
+ 00:25:02,040 --> 00:25:05,820
1110
+ occipitofrontalis muscle ู‡ูŠ posterior auricular
1111
+
1112
+ 295
1113
+ 00:25:05,820 --> 00:25:11,420
1114
+ muscle ูˆู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ posterior part of superior
1115
+
1116
+ 296
1117
+ 00:25:11,420 --> 00:25:16,680
1118
+ auricular ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุนู†ุฏูŠ five .. ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง
1119
+
1120
+ 297
1121
+ 00:25:16,680 --> 00:25:21,320
1122
+ ุจูŠูŠุฌูŠ five terminal branches ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ five
1123
+
1124
+ 298
1125
+ 00:25:21,320 --> 00:25:25,580
1126
+ terminal branches ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ temporal nerve
1127
+
1128
+ 299
1129
+ 00:25:26,610 --> 00:25:30,830
1130
+ zygomatic nerve, buccal nerve, marginal mandibular
1131
+
1132
+ 300
1133
+ 00:25:30,830 --> 00:25:34,210
1134
+ nerve and cervical nerve ู‡ุฐูˆู„ terminal branches
1135
+
1136
+ 301
1137
+ 00:25:34,210 --> 00:25:39,910
1138
+ temporal nerve ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ูˆุงุญุฏ ูˆุงุญุฏ temporal nerve
1139
+
1140
+ 302
1141
+ 00:25:39,910 --> 00:25:45,530
1142
+ supply the frontal belly of frontalis muscle
1143
+
1144
+ 303
1145
+ 00:25:45,530 --> 00:25:52,640
1146
+ upper part of orbicularis oculi muscle superior and
1147
+
1148
+ 304
1149
+ 00:25:52,640 --> 00:25:56,100
1150
+ anterior auricularis muscle ู†ุดูˆูู‡ู… ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุงูŠุด
1151
+
1152
+ 305
1153
+ 00:25:56,100 --> 00:26:01,460
1154
+ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุงู„ temporal nerve ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ frontal
1155
+
1156
+ 306
1157
+ 00:26:01,460 --> 00:26:08,130
1158
+ belly of ูˆ frontalis muscle ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ู…ู†ุŸ anterior
1159
+
1160
+ 307
1161
+ 00:26:08,130 --> 00:26:13,790
1162
+ auricularis muscle ูˆุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุงู„ anterior part of
1163
+
1164
+ 308
1165
+ 00:26:13,790 --> 00:26:18,350
1166
+ superior auricular muscle ูˆุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุงู„ upper part of
1167
+
1168
+ 309
1169
+ 00:26:18,350 --> 00:26:22,650
1170
+ orbicularis oculi muscle ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู† ุจูŠุบุฐูŠู‡ู…ุŸ
1171
+
1172
+ 310
1173
+ 00:26:22,650 --> 00:26:32,490
1174
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ temporal nerve ู†ุฑุฌุน ู„ู„ slide zygomatic
1175
+
1176
+ 311
1177
+ 00:26:32,490 --> 00:26:37,830
1178
+ nerve ุงู„ zygomatic nerve ุจู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† upper
1179
+
1180
+ 312
1181
+ 00:26:37,830 --> 00:26:43,910
1182
+ zygomatic branch and lower zygomatic branch ุงู„
1183
+
1184
+ 313
1185
+ 00:26:43,910 --> 00:26:50,510
1186
+ upper zygomatic branch ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ superior
1187
+
1188
+ 314
1189
+ 00:26:50,510 --> 00:26:53,110
1190
+ or inferior part of the orbicularis oculi muscle
1191
+
1192
+ 315
1193
+ 00:26:53,110 --> 00:26:58,110
1194
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุบู…ุถ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุงู„ lower zygomatic muscle
1195
+
1196
+ 316
1197
+ 00:26:58,110 --> 00:27:03,210
1198
+ between the eye and mouth including nasal muscle
1199
+
1200
+ 317
1201
+ 00:27:03,210 --> 00:27:07,050
1202
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ upper zygomatic nerve ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ
1203
+
1204
+ 318
1205
+ 00:27:07,050 --> 00:27:11,070
1206
+ ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ orbicularis oculi muscle ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ upper part
1207
+
1208
+ 319
1209
+ 00:27:11,070 --> 00:27:16,530
1210
+ ูˆ ุงู„ lower part ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุฃูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† upper
1211
+
1212
+ 320
1213
+ 00:27:16,530 --> 00:27:19,630
1214
+ zygomatic ูˆ ุงู„ lower zygomatic ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุงู„ muscles
1215
+
1216
+ 321
1217
+ 00:27:19,630 --> 00:27:27,510
1218
+ between the mouth and eye including nasal muscles
1219
+
1220
+ 322
1221
+ 00:27:27,510 --> 00:27:33,390
1222
+ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ lower zygomatic branch
1223
+
1224
+ 323
1225
+ 00:27:33,390 --> 00:27:36,450
1226
+ ููŠ
1227
+
1228
+ 324
1229
+ 00:27:36,450 --> 00:27:43,990
1230
+ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง buccal nerve ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ buccinator muscle and
1231
+
1232
+ 325
1233
+ 00:27:43,990 --> 00:27:47,090
1234
+ orbicularis oris muscle orbicularis oris muscle
1235
+
1236
+ 326
1237
+ 00:27:47,090 --> 00:27:52,510
1238
+ ุงู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ุจุตูู‘ุฑ ุจุญุฑูƒู‡ุง ู„ู…ุง ุจุณูƒุฑ ูู…ูŠ ุจุญุฑูƒู‡ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ
1239
+
1240
+ 327
1241
+ 00:27:53,850 --> 00:27:59,450
1242
+ Buccinator muscle ุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ buccal ูˆ orbicularis
1243
+
1244
+ 328
1245
+ 00:27:59,450 --> 00:28:05,110
1246
+ oris muscle ุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ buccal nerve
1247
+
1248
+ 329
1249
+ 00:28:08,670 --> 00:28:14,150
1250
+ ุงู„ูุฑุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ marginal mandibular nerve
1251
+
1252
+ 330
1253
+ 00:28:14,150 --> 00:28:19,050
1254
+ supply the muscles in the region of the mandible
1255
+
1256
+ 331
1257
+ 00:28:19,050 --> 00:28:22,970
1258
+ ูˆููŠ cervical muscle ุฃูˆ cervical nerve ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ
1259
+
1260
+ 332
1261
+ 00:28:22,970 --> 00:28:29,860
1262
+ platysma muscle ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุงุฏ ุงู„ muscles ููŠ ุงู„ angle of
1263
+
1264
+ 333
1265
+ 00:28:29,860 --> 00:28:33,720
1266
+ the mandible ุชู…ุงู… ุฃูˆ angle of the mouth ุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„
1267
+
1268
+ 334
1269
+ 00:28:33,720 --> 00:28:36,840
1270
+ marginal mandibular nerve ูˆู‡ุงุฏ ุงู„ platysma muscle
1271
+
1272
+ 335
1273
+ 00:28:36,840 --> 00:28:40,840
1274
+ ุฑุงุญ ุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ platysma muscle ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„
1275
+
1276
+ 336
1277
+ 00:28:40,840 --> 00:28:45,800
1278
+ cervical nerve of facial ู‡ูƒุฐุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃู†ุง ุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒู…
1279
+
1280
+ 337
1281
+ 00:28:45,800 --> 00:28:51,220
1282
+ ten branches of facial nerve ุดุฑุญุช ุงู„ุนุดุฑ ุฃุนุตุงุจ ูŠุจู‚ู‰
1283
+
1284
+ 338
1285
+ 00:28:51,220 --> 00:28:55,430
1286
+ ู‡ุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ zygomatic nerve ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ
1287
+
1288
+ 339
1289
+ 00:28:55,430 --> 00:28:59,510
1290
+ ุงู„ orbicularis ูˆ ุงู„ muscles
1291
+
1292
+ 340
1293
+ 00:29:00,680 --> 00:29:05,080
1294
+ between the eye and mouth including nasal muscle
1295
+
1296
+ 341
1297
+ 00:29:05,080 --> 00:29:08,880
1298
+ ุฃู†ุง ู‡ุฃุนู„ู…ู„ูƒูˆุง ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ุงู„ buccal nerve ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ orbicularis
1299
+
1300
+ 342
1301
+ 00:29:08,880 --> 00:29:12,480
1302
+ oris muscle ูˆ buccinator muscle ุงู„ marginal
1303
+
1304
+ 343
1305
+ 00:29:12,480 --> 00:29:16,480
1306
+ mandibular nerve ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุงู„ muscles around the
1307
+
1308
+ 344
1309
+ 00:29:16,480 --> 00:29:20,800
1310
+ mouth angle ูˆ ุงู„ cervical nerve ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ platysma
1311
+
1312
+ 345
1313
+ 00:29:20,800 --> 00:29:25,240
1314
+ muscle ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ marginal ูˆุงุถุญ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุงู„ muscles ููŠ
1315
+
1316
+ 346
1317
+ 00:29:25,240 --> 00:29:30,650
1318
+ ุงู„ angle of the mouth ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุฑุงุญ ุฃุดุฑุญู‡
1319
+
1320
+ 347
1321
+ 00:29:30,650 --> 00:29:34,710
1322
+ ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ููŠ ุณู†ุฉ ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฅุฐุง ุธู„ู„ู†ุง ุทูŠุจูŠู† ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„
1323
+
1324
+ 348
1325
+ 00:29:34,710 --> 00:29:41,970
1326
+ motor nucleus motor nucleus of the facial nerve
1327
+
1328
+ 349
1329
+ 00:29:41,970 --> 00:29:50,950
1330
+ ุชู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ุชู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุฌุฒุก ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ventral
1331
+
1332
+ 350
1333
+ 00:29:50,950 --> 00:29:58,190
1334
+ ูˆุฌุฒุก ูŠุนุชุจุฑ dorsal ุงู„ ventral
1335
+
1336
+ 351
1337
+ 00:30:01,490 --> 00:30:09,050
1338
+ supply the lower quadrant of the face ูˆ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุณู„
1339
+
1340
+ 352
1341
+ 00:30:09,050 --> 00:30:16,450
1342
+ supply the upper quadrant of the face ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุณู„ ุชุฃุฎุฐ
1343
+
1344
+ 353
1345
+ 00:30:16,450 --> 00:30:21,490
1346
+ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere ูˆ ู…ู†
1347
+
1348
+ 354
1349
+ 00:30:21,490 --> 00:30:26,470
1350
+ ุงู„ contralateral cerebral hemisphere ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุญูƒู…ุฉ ุฑุจู†ุง
1351
+
1352
+ 355
1353
+ 00:30:26,470 --> 00:30:29,730
1354
+ ูˆุงุณุนุฉ ุจุงู„ุจุนุฏ ุฃุนุทู‰ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุบู…ุถ ุงู„ุนูŠู†
1355
+
1356
+ 356
1357
+ 00:30:29,730 --> 00:30:34,930
1358
+ innervation from both cerebral hemispheres ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„
1359
+
1360
+ 357
1361
+ 00:30:34,930 --> 00:30:39,130
1362
+ dorsal part ุฃูˆ ุงู„ dorsal nucleus of facial ุจุชุงุฎุฏ
1363
+
1364
+ 358
1365
+ 00:30:39,130 --> 00:30:42,570
1366
+ ู…ู† ูƒู… cerebral hemisphereุŸ ู…ู† two cerebral
1367
+
1368
+ 359
1369
+ 00:30:42,570 --> 00:30:47,310
1370
+ hemispheres ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ ventral nucleus ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„
1371
+
1372
+ 360
1373
+ 00:30:47,310 --> 00:30:51,540
1374
+ lower quadrant of the face ูู‚ุท ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ opposite
1375
+
1376
+ 361
1377
+ 00:30:51,540 --> 00:30:55,680
1378
+ sideุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ุŒ ู„ูˆ ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุตุงุฑ ู…ุนุงู‡ ุฌู„ุทุฉ
1379
+
1380
+ 362
1381
+ 00:30:55,680 --> 00:30:58,940
1382
+ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉุŒ ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ right cerebral
1383
+
1384
+ 363
1385
+ 00:30:58,940 --> 00:31:03,340
1386
+ hemisphereุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ right cerebral hemisphereุŒ ุงูŠุด
1387
+
1388
+ 364
1389
+ 00:31:03,340 --> 00:31:09,340
1390
+ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุนู†ุฏู‡ุŸ ู…ูŠู† ุฑุงุญ ูŠุชุฃุซุฑ ูู‚ุทุŸ ุงู„ุฏุฑุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชุฃุซุฑุŸ ู…ุง
1391
+
1392
+ 365
1393
+ 00:31:09,340 --> 00:31:13,420
1394
+ ุจุชุชุฃุซุฑุด ู„ุฃู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง ipsilateral innervation ุทูŠุจ ูˆ ุงู„
1395
+
1396
+ 366
1397
+ 00:31:13,420 --> 00:31:17,580
1398
+ ventral ุงู„ ventral ุฑุงุญ ุชุชุฃุซุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„
1399
+
1400
+ 367
1401
+ 00:31:17,580 --> 00:31:23,260
1402
+ ventral ุฑุงุญ ุชุชุฃุซุฑ ุฑุงุญ ูŠู†ุดู„ ู†ุต ูˆุฌู‡ู‡ ุงู„ุณูู„ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน
1403
+
1404
+ 368
1405
+ 00:31:23,260 --> 00:31:28,240
1406
+ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุง ุฑุงุญ ุฃุทูˆู„ ุงู„ุขู† ููŠู‡ ุฑุงุญ ุฃุดุฑุญู‡ ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ููŠ ุณู†ุฉ
1407
+
1408
+ 369
1409
+ 00:31:28,240 --> 00:31:32,520
1410
+ ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุฃุนุตุงุจ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ
1411
+
1412
+ 370
1413
+ 00:31:32,520 --> 00:31:39,070
1414
+ cranial nerve disease ู‡ู†ุง ู†ุดูˆู ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… facial
1415
+
1416
+ 371
1417
+ 00:31:39,070 --> 00:31:46,830
1418
+ palsy ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุฏูˆู„ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… facial palsy ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ู„ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ
1419
+
1420
+ 372
1421
+ 00:31:46,830 --> 00:31:55,030
1422
+ ุนู†ุฏู‡ hand shell ููŠ ู†ุต ูˆุฌู‡ู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ูŠุณุฑู‰ ุจูŠุบู…ุถ
1423
+
1424
+ 373
1425
+ 00:31:55,030 --> 00:31:58,470
1426
+ ุนูŠู†ู‡ ู‡ู†ุง ู…ุด ู‚ุงุฏุฑ ูŠุบู…ุถ ููŠ drop ููŠ ุงู„ mouth angle
1427
+
1428
+ 374
1429
+ 00:31:58,470 --> 00:32:03,770
1430
+ ุนูŠู†ู‡ ูุงุชุญุฉ loss nasolabial fold ู…ุด ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฅู†
1431
+
1432
+ 375
1433
+ 00:32:03,770 --> 00:32:07,710
1434
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ู‡ุฐุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุดู„ู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน ุงู„ GHA ุงู„ูŠุณุฑู‰
1435
+
1436
+ 376
1437
+ 00:32:07,710 --> 00:32:11,110
1438
+ ู‡ุฐุง ูƒู„ู‡ ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฑุงุญ ุฃุดุฑุญู‡ ููŠ ุณู†ุฉ ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ููŠ
1439
+
1440
+ 377
1441
+ 00:32:11,110 --> 00:32:16,410
1442
+ ู…ุฑุถ ุงุณู…ู‡ Bell's palsy ุงู„ุชู‡ุงุจ ููŠ ุฃูˆ ุดู„ู„ ุงู„ุนุตุจ
1443
+
1444
+ 378
1445
+ 00:32:16,410 --> 00:32:20,430
1446
+ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน ูˆู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ upper motor neuron and lower
1447
+
1448
+ 379
1449
+ 00:32:20,430 --> 00:32:23,730
1450
+ motor neuron ุงูŠุด ุฃู†ูˆุงุนู‡ู… ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฑุงุญ
1451
+
1452
+ 380
1453
+ 00:32:23,730 --> 00:32:27,630
1454
+ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู‡ุฐุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุดู„ู„ ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช
1455
+
1456
+ 381
1457
+ 00:32:27,630 --> 00:32:30,990
1458
+ ุงู„ูˆุฌู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ูŠุณุฑู‰ ููŠ Bell's palsy ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ left
1459
+
1460
+ 382
1461
+ 00:32:30,990 --> 00:32:35,550
1462
+ side ู…ุด ู‚ุงุฏุฑ ูŠุบู…ุถ ุนูŠู†ู‡ drop mouth angle inability
1463
+
1464
+ 383
1465
+ 00:32:35,550 --> 00:32:40,030
1466
+ to close the eye ูƒู„ ุงู„ุชุฌุงุนูŠุฏ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ nasolabial
1467
+
1468
+ 384
1469
+ 00:32:40,030 --> 00:32:44,110
1470
+ fold ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ุญู„ูˆุฉ ู‡ู†ุง lost ู…ุด ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุดู„ู„
1471
+
1472
+ 385
1473
+ 00:32:44,110 --> 00:32:47,050
1474
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ูŠุณุฑู‰
1475
+
1476
+ 386
1477
+ 00:32:57,770 --> 00:33:01,770
1478
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดุงุจ ุจุณ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุดุงูŠููŠู† ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ููŠ
1479
+
1480
+ 387
1481
+ 00:33:
1482
+
1483
+ 401
1484
+ 00:33:55,650 --> 00:33:59,550
1485
+ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† Glossopharyngeal nerve, Vegas nerve ูˆ
1486
+
1487
+ 402
1488
+ 00:33:59,550 --> 00:34:03,070
1489
+ accessory and hypoglossal nerve ู…ูˆุถูˆุน
1490
+
1491
+ 403
1492
+ 00:34:03,070 --> 00:34:06,430
1493
+ vestibulocochlear nerve ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฅู† ุดุงุก
1494
+
1495
+ 404
1496
+ 00:34:06,430 --> 00:34:10,770
1497
+ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ู€ special sensation ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ sense of hearing
1498
+
1499
+ 405
1500
+ 00:34:10,770 --> 00:34:15,330
1501
+ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูƒูˆู† ุฃู†ู‡ูŠุช ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุชุจุน ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน
1502
+
1503
+ 406
1504
+ 00:34:15,330 --> 00:34:18,000
1505
+ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุฃู„ู ุนุงููŠุฉ ุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠุฉ
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/HH8Ar_LievY_postprocess.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,1624 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:05,040 --> 00:00:10,440
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:10,440 --> 00:00:15,960
7
+ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุชุงุณุน ุฑุงุญ ู†ูƒู…ู„ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:15,960 --> 00:00:19,940
11
+ anatomy and physiology of the cranial nerves ุงู„ุฌุฒุก
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:19,940 --> 00:00:24,900
15
+ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุชุงุณุน ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:24,900 --> 00:00:29,600
19
+ ุงู„ู…ู…ู„ ุนู† anatomy and physiology of the facial
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:29,600 --> 00:00:34,990
23
+ nerveุฃู‡ู… ุนุตุจ ู„ูƒู… ููŠ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน cranial nerves ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุนุตุจ
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:34,990 --> 00:00:40,990
27
+ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน facial nerve facial
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:40,990 --> 00:00:44,670
31
+ nerve it
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:44,670 --> 00:00:48,870
35
+ is a mixed nerve it is a mixed nerve which
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:48,870 --> 00:00:57,600
39
+ contains motor sensory and parasympatheticูุงู†ูƒุดู†
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:57,600 --> 00:01:02,920
43
+ ุฃูˆ fibers ู‡ุงูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฏูŠ ุงู„ mix nerve ุนุดุฑ ุชู„ุงู ูˆุชุณุนู…ูŠุฉ
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:01:02,920 --> 00:01:09,670
47
+ ูˆุฎู…ุณ ูˆุณุจุนูŠู† ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฎุงู…ุณุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:09,670 --> 00:01:13,490
51
+ Trigeminal nerve ุฏู„ูˆู‚ุช ุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ Facial nerve
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:13,490 --> 00:01:17,970
55
+ Facial nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:17,970 --> 00:01:22,230
59
+ Facial nerve it is mixed nerve contains motor
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:22,230 --> 00:01:27,250
63
+ sensory and parasympathetic fibers ูŠูˆู… ุงุชูƒู„ู…ุช ุนู„ู‰
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:27,250 --> 00:01:30,950
67
+ Trigeminal nerve ู‚ู„ุชู„ูƒูˆุง Trigeminal nerve it is
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:30,950 --> 00:01:35,310
71
+ more important than sensory nerve ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู…
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:35,310 --> 00:01:40,730
75
+ ุนู„ู‰ Facial nerveit is more important as motor
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:40,730 --> 00:01:44,070
79
+ nerveุŒ ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠ ู…ู‡ู… ุฅู„ูƒูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠุŒ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:44,070 --> 00:01:51,110
83
+ facial nerveุŒ ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ุนุตุจ ุญุฑูƒูŠ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ุญุณูŠู‡ุŒ ู‡ูˆ ููŠ
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:01:51,110 --> 00:01:57,110
87
+ ุฎู„ูŠุท ุงู„ุฃู†ุณุฌุฉุŒ ู„ูƒู† ู‡ูˆ more important as motor nerve
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:01:57,110 --> 00:02:01,730
91
+ than sensory and than parasympathetic functions
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:02,370 --> 00:02:06,550
95
+ what's the root of a facial nerve ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุงู† ุงู„
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:06,550 --> 00:02:11,070
99
+ facial nerve immerse ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ lower part of the
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:11,070 --> 00:02:16,130
103
+ pons between the pons and medulla oblongata ุจุฎุฑุฌ
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:16,130 --> 00:02:22,230
107
+ as a two root ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูƒุงู… rootุŸ two root large
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:22,230 --> 00:02:31,100
111
+ root large root ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆู…ูˆุชุฑ ูุงุดูŠุงู„ ู…ูˆุชุฑ ุฑูˆุช
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:31,100 --> 00:02:37,000
115
+ ูุงุดูŠุงู„ ู…ูˆุชุฑ ุฑูˆุช is purely motor nerve supply all
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:37,000 --> 00:02:42,360
119
+ the muscle of expression facial expression second
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:42,360 --> 00:02:48,140
123
+ root small rootsmall root ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ nerve
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:02:48,140 --> 00:02:53,880
127
+ intermediates nerve intermediates contains sensory
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:02:53,880 --> 00:02:59,900
131
+ and parasympathetic fibers ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ facial
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:02:59,900 --> 00:03:05,370
135
+ nerveุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ .. ุงู„ ventral service of the pons
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:05,370 --> 00:03:09,390
139
+ ููŠ ุงู„ lower part of the pons between the pons and
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:09,390 --> 00:03:14,730
143
+ medulla oblongata as two root large root facial
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:14,730 --> 00:03:20,390
147
+ motor nerve ูˆ small root ูŠุนุชุจุฑ intermedius nerve
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:20,390 --> 00:03:25,210
151
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠู‡ sensory ูˆ parasympathetic fibers sensory
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:25,210 --> 00:03:32,710
155
+ ูˆ parasympathetic fibersู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ lower part of
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:32,710 --> 00:03:37,950
159
+ the palms ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู†ู‡ุง large root ุฃู†ุง ุจุฑุณู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:37,950 --> 00:03:45,350
163
+ left side large root ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ motor facial nerve ูˆ
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:45,350 --> 00:03:50,590
167
+ small root nerve intermediates nerve intermediates
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:50,590 --> 00:03:55,030
171
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ sensation ูˆ ู‡ูŠ parasympathetic
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:03:55,030 --> 00:03:59,650
175
+ function sensory and parasympathetic function
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:04:04,790 --> 00:04:11,850
179
+ nuclei of the facial nerve ุญุณุจ ุงู„ function ููŠู‡
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:04:11,850 --> 00:04:17,450
183
+ nuclei ุงุชูุงู‚ู†ุง main function is motor function
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:17,450 --> 00:04:23,750
187
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุนู†ุฏูŠ facial motor nerve facial motor
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:23,750 --> 00:04:29,590
191
+ nucleus ููŠู‡ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ facial motor nucleus ุชู†ุฌุณู…
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:29,590 --> 00:04:35,040
195
+ ุฌุณู…ูŠู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ facial motor nucleusุงู„ู‡ุง dorsal part
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:35,040 --> 00:04:44,340
199
+ ูˆ ventral part ู‡ูŠ ู†ุฑุณู…ู‡ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุนุชุจุฑ facial motor
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:44,340 --> 00:04:57,040
203
+ nucleus of facial nerve ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ู‡ุง ุฌุฒุฆูŠู† ุฌุฒุก ุฏูˆุฑุณู„
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:57,040 --> 00:04:59,360
207
+ ูˆุฌุฒุก
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:05:01,570 --> 00:05:10,070
211
+ ventral ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุณู„ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุณู„
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:05:10,070 --> 00:05:14,890
215
+ supply the
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:05:14,890 --> 00:05:19,730
219
+ upper part
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:05:19,730 --> 00:05:28,670
223
+ of the face ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุณู„ nucleus ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:05:28,670 --> 00:05:34,410
227
+ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุฃูŠ ุฌุฒุกupper part of the face ูŠุนู†ูŠ upper
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:05:34,410 --> 00:05:38,250
231
+ quadrant of the face ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูˆ ุบู…ุถุช ุนูŠู†ูŠ ู…ูŠู† ุญุฑูƒ
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:38,250 --> 00:05:44,170
235
+ ู„ุนูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ dorsal part ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ุงูŠู‡ ุงุถุญูƒ ุดูŠุก ุนู†
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:44,170 --> 00:05:46,810
239
+ ุงู„ุงู…ุชุญุงู† ูˆ ู…ุงุนุฌุจูƒ ูˆ ุงุดุฑุญู‡ุง ุงู„ุทุงู„ุจ ุงูˆ ุทุงู„ุจ ูŠุนู…ู„
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:46,810 --> 00:05:51,800
243
+ ุจุชู…ู‡ุง ุฒูŠูƒ ุญุฑูƒ ู…ุด ู…ุงุฌุจู‡ู…ู…ุด ู‡ู†ุฌูŠุจู‡ู… ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ุงู†ุง ุญุฑูƒุช
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:51,800 --> 00:05:55,200
247
+ ุงู„ lower quadrant of the face ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ ุงู„ lower
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:55,200 --> 00:06:00,720
251
+ quadrant ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ventral nucleus ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:06:00,720 --> 00:06:04,140
255
+ lower part
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:06:05,060 --> 00:06:08,780
259
+ of the face ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ motor ู…ู†
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:06:08,780 --> 00:06:14,480
263
+ ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงูŠู‡ motor ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉ facial motor nucleus
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:06:14,480 --> 00:06:20,160
267
+ ุงู„ู‡ุง two part dorsal part and ventral part ุงู„
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:06:20,160 --> 00:06:25,340
271
+ dorsal part ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ู…ูŠู† ุนู† ุงู„ upper quadrant of
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:25,340 --> 00:06:29,060
275
+ the face ุงู„ ventral part ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ู…ูŠู† lower
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:29,060 --> 00:06:32,560
279
+ quadrant of the faceูˆูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุฏูŠ ุงู„ nucleusุŸ
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:32,560 --> 00:06:36,300
283
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ pons ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ pons ุฅูŠุด
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:36,300 --> 00:06:41,300
287
+ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุงุŸ supply the facial muscles ู„ูˆ ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:06:41,300 --> 00:06:46,540
291
+ lower quadrant ุจุจุทุฑู‚ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ ventral part upper
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:06:46,540 --> 00:06:52,120
295
+ quadrant of the face ุฏูˆุฑุณุงู„ part ุซู…ุงู†ุฉ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:06:52,950 --> 00:06:57,730
299
+ Superior Salivary Nucleus Superior Salivary
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:06:57,730 --> 00:07:02,870
303
+ Nucleus ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ Parasympathetic function
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:07:02,870 --> 00:07:10,630
307
+ Secretomotor ุจุชุบุฏูŠู„ู†ุง submandibular and sublingual
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:07:10,630 --> 00:07:15,190
311
+ salivary glands ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ branch ู…ู† ุงู„ facial nerve
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:07:15,190 --> 00:07:21,600
315
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ cordaุชู…ุจู†ูŠ ู†ูŠุฑู ูƒูˆุฑุฏุฉ ุชู…ุจู†ูŠ ู†ูŠุฑู ูˆ ุจุชุบุฏูŠู† ุงู„
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:07:21,600 --> 00:07:26,500
319
+ gland of the palate nose ู„ุงุฎุฑู… ุงู„ gland
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:26,500 --> 00:07:32,880
323
+ nasopharynx ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุนุตุจ ุงุณู…ู‡ GSPN greater
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:32,880 --> 00:07:37,800
327
+ superficial petrosal nerve ุงุฐุง ุฐูƒุฑูˆุง ู„ู…ุง ู†ุฑูˆุญ
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:07:37,800 --> 00:07:42,100
331
+ ุงู„ู…ุทุจุฎ ู†ู‚ุทุน ุจุตู„ ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุญุงู„ุชู†ุง ุดู„ุด ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุญุงู„ุชู†ุง
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:07:42,100 --> 00:07:48,010
335
+ ููŠ ุดู„ุด ุจู†ุฏู…ุน ูˆ ุจู†ู ูˆ ุญู„ู‚ุตุนุจุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ูˆุถุน ู‡ู†ุง ู…ู†
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:07:48,010 --> 00:07:53,010
339
+ ุงู„ุจุตู„ ู…ูŠู† ุจุดุชุบู„ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ Parasympathetic fibers
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:07:53,010 --> 00:07:57,270
343
+ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ facial nerve ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุฃูŠ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:07:57,270 --> 00:08:01,230
347
+ superior salivary nucleus ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ุงูŠู‡
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:08:01,230 --> 00:08:07,590
351
+ Parasympathetic ุงู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ุชุงู„ุชุฉsolitary nucleus
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:08:07,590 --> 00:08:14,530
355
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ู‚ุงุชู‡ุงุŒ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจู…ุงุฐุงุŸ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:08:14,530 --> 00:08:18,130
359
+ ุจุงู„ู€ sensory functionุŒ ูˆู…ู† ุถู…ู† ุงู„ู€ sensory
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:08:18,130 --> 00:08:24,310
363
+ function tasteุŒ sensationfrom the anterior to
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:08:24,310 --> 00:08:29,930
367
+ third of the tongue ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ facial nerve ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:08:29,930 --> 00:08:34,950
371
+ ุญุงุณุฉ ุงู„ุชุฐูˆู‚ ู„ูˆูŠู† ู„ู„ tongue ู…ู† ุฃูŠ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:08:34,950 --> 00:08:38,630
375
+ anterior to third of the tongue ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ taste
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:08:38,630 --> 00:08:43,370
379
+ sensation from the anterior to third of the tongue
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:08:43,370 --> 00:08:48,310
383
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญุณ ููŠู‡ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ facial nerve ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุนุตุจ ุงุณู…ู‡
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:08:48,310 --> 00:08:50,750
387
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ูƒู…ุงู† chorda tympani nerve ู‡ูˆ chorda
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:08:50,750 --> 00:08:55,470
391
+ tympani nerveูˆ ุฃูŠ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ solitary ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ูˆูŠู†
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:08:55,470 --> 00:08:58,250
395
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุงู„ solitary ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ููŠ ู…ุถู„ุฉ ุงูˆ ุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:08:58,250 --> 00:09:00,390
399
+ ุงุญู†ุง ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ููŠู‡ exception ู…ุน ุงู† ุงู„ facial nerve
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:09:00,390 --> 00:09:03,510
403
+ ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ bones ุชู„ุงุญุธูˆุง superior salivary
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:09:03,510 --> 00:09:06,990
407
+ ููŠ ุงู„ bones ูˆ ุงู„ motor nucleus ููŠ ุงู„ bones ู„ูƒู† ุงู„
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:09:06,990 --> 00:09:10,830
411
+ solitary ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆูŠู† ููŠ ู…ุถู„ุฉ ุงูˆ ุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:09:10,830 --> 00:09:14,410
415
+ ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝุฃู†ู‡ุง ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ูƒู…ุงู† ุนู† ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน ูˆ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ู…ู†
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:09:14,410 --> 00:09:21,600
419
+ ุนู† ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุนุงุดุฑfunctions of the facial nerve ุงูŠุด
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:09:21,600 --> 00:09:25,720
423
+ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ facial nerve ุงูˆู„ function it is the main
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:09:25,720 --> 00:09:33,760
427
+ function motor motor motor function motor function
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:09:33,760 --> 00:09:40,240
431
+ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง ุงู„ motor ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠsupply the muscles of
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:09:40,240 --> 00:09:47,160
435
+ facial expression ู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:09:47,160 --> 00:09:52,120
439
+ facial expression ุซุงู†ูŠ ุจุงุฑุง sympathetic function
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:09:52,120 --> 00:09:57,540
443
+ to all glands of head ู„ู…ูŠู† submandibular
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:09:57,540 --> 00:10:02,670
447
+ sublingual and lacrimal glandsExcept Parotid
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:10:02,670 --> 00:10:05,950
451
+ glands ู…ุง ุจุชุบุฏู‰ ุงู„ Parotid gland ุงู„ Parotid gland
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:10:05,950 --> 00:10:10,470
455
+ ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ Glossopharyngeal nerve ุงู„ุนุตุจ
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:10:10,470 --> 00:10:16,450
459
+ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน ูŠุจู‚ู‰ facial nerve ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ูƒู„ ุงู„ salivary
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:10:16,450 --> 00:10:21,650
463
+ glands ู…ุน ุฏู‚ ุงูˆุชูƒ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ Parotid gland ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู†
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:10:21,650 --> 00:10:26,690
467
+ Glossopharyngeal nerveุชู„ุงุซุฉ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† sensory from
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:10:26,690 --> 00:10:33,190
471
+ skin of the external auricle ูˆ ุชู…ุจุงู†ูƒ ู…ุจุฑุงูŠู† ุจุบุถ
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:10:33,190 --> 00:10:36,990
475
+ ูŠุฒู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุฐู† ูˆ ู…ู† ุทุงุจู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฐู† ุชู…ุจุงู†ูƒ ู…ุจุฑุงูŠู† ูˆ ุฃู‡ู…
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:10:36,990 --> 00:10:42,930
479
+ ุดูŠุก ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ taste sensation from the anterior
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:10:42,930 --> 00:10:48,220
483
+ to third of the tongue ู†ุทุจู‚ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ู‚ู„ูŠ ITest
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:10:48,220 --> 00:10:52,020
487
+ sensation ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุงู†ุชุฑุงู„ ุชูˆุชุฑุฏ of the tongue ู…ุณุฆูˆู„
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:10:52,020 --> 00:10:58,480
491
+ ุนู†ู‡ุง ู…ูŠู†ุŸ Solitary nucleus Sensory of skin ุชุจุน ุงู„
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:10:58,480 --> 00:11:02,740
495
+ external auricle ูˆ ุงู„ membrane ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ุง ุชู†ุจุงู†ูƒ
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:11:02,740 --> 00:11:06,120
499
+ ู…ู…ุจุฑุงู† ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ุง ูƒู…ุงู† Solitary nucleusุงู„ู€
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:11:06,120 --> 00:11:08,980
503
+ Parasympathetic Function ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ ู„ู€ GlansุŒ Salivary
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:11:08,980 --> 00:11:13,000
507
+ Glans Superior Salivary Nucleus ุงู„ู€ Motor Function
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:11:13,000 --> 00:11:19,180
511
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ Motor Nucleus of Facial Nerve ุชู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู†
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:11:19,180 --> 00:11:25,490
515
+ Ventral Part and Dorsal Partูˆ ventral part ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ a
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:11:25,490 --> 00:11:28,790
519
+ ุฃูˆ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† a ุงู„ ventral part ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ lower
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:11:28,790 --> 00:11:32,830
523
+ quadrant of the face lower quadrant of the face ูˆ
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:11:32,830 --> 00:11:36,670
527
+ dorsal nucleus ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† upper quadrant of the face
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:11:36,670 --> 00:11:44,350
531
+ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ intracranial course of the facial nerve
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:11:44,350 --> 00:11:48,690
535
+ ุงู„ intracranial course of facial nerve the facial
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:11:48,690 --> 00:11:54,030
539
+ nerveemersed from the lower border of the ponsุŒ
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:11:54,030 --> 00:11:58,250
543
+ ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุฃูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ lower border ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ ponsุŒ ุจุนุฏ
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:11:58,250 --> 00:12:02,810
547
+ ู‡ูŠ ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ cerebellopontine angelุŒ ูŠูˆู… ู…ุง ุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒูˆุง
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:12:02,810 --> 00:12:05,850
551
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฎุงู…ุณุŒ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ cerebellopontine
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:12:05,850 --> 00:12:11,050
555
+ angelุŒ ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฎุงู…ุณ ูˆุงู„ุณุจุน ูˆุงู„ุซุงู…ู†ุŒ ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠ
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:12:11,050 --> 00:12:16,980
559
+ ุจูŠููˆุช ู„ู„ internal auditory meatusุจูŠู…ูˆุฑ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:12:16,980 --> 00:12:22,400
563
+ facial canal ุงูˆ fallopian canal ู…ุงุชุฎุฑุจุทูˆุดุŸ ููŠ
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:12:22,400 --> 00:12:25,480
567
+ fallopian tube ุญุฏ ูŠูƒุชุจู„ูŠ fallopian tube fallopian
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:12:25,480 --> 00:12:29,760
571
+ tube ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูู‚ุท ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ female ุจุชุฑุจุท ุงู„ uterus
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:12:29,760 --> 00:12:35,320
575
+ ู…ุน ุงู„ ovary ู‚ู†ุงุฉ ุจูŠู† ู…ู† ูˆู…ู†ุŸ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุฑุญู… ุงู„ uterus ูˆ
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:12:35,320 --> 00:12:40,510
579
+ ุงู„ ovary ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุจุงูŠุฏูุงู„ูˆุจูŠุงู† ูƒุงู†ุงู„ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุงู„
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:12:40,510 --> 00:12:48,570
583
+ ูˆุงู„ูู…ุงู„ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง facial canal ุงูˆ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง internal
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:12:48,570 --> 00:12:52,970
587
+ auditory canal ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ petrostemporal bone
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:12:54,480 --> 00:12:59,480
591
+ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ู…ุฑูˆุฑู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ facial canal ุงู„ facial nerve
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:12:59,480 --> 00:13:02,900
595
+ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง three branches ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ู… ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:13:02,900 --> 00:13:06,940
599
+ finally it exit from stylo-mastoid foramen ูˆููŠ
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:13:06,940 --> 00:13:11,280
603
+ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุจุฎุฑุฌู„ู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ู…ู† stylo-mastoid foramen
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:13:11,280 --> 00:13:21,370
607
+ ู‡ูŠ ุงู†ุฏูŠ ุชุงุจุน ู…ุนุงูŠุง ุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ facial nerve ู…ู†lower
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:13:21,370 --> 00:13:24,470
611
+ border of the pons between the pons and medulla
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:13:24,470 --> 00:13:33,110
615
+ oblongata ู…ุฑูˆูŠู† ููŠ cerebellopontine angle ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:13:33,110 --> 00:13:39,630
619
+ ุจูŠููˆุช ู„ู„ internal auditory
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:13:39,630 --> 00:13:45,210
623
+ meatus ู„ู„ facial canal facial ุงูŠู‡ุŸ canal ุงูˆ
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:13:45,210 --> 00:13:46,630
627
+ fallopian canal
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:13:49,240 --> 00:13:53,900
631
+ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ู…ุฑูˆุฑู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ facial canal ุฅู„ู‡ ุฌุงู†ุฌู„ูŠูˆู† ุงุณู…
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:13:53,900 --> 00:13:58,820
635
+ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุฌู„ูŠูˆู† ุฌูŠู†ูŠูƒูˆู„ูŠุช ุฌุงู†ุฌู„ูŠูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุฌู„ูŠูˆู†
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:13:58,820 --> 00:14:03,760
639
+ ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ูŠูƒูˆู„ูŠุช ุฌุงู†ุฌู„ูŠูˆู† ุฅู„ู‡ three branches greater
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:14:03,760 --> 00:14:08,140
643
+ superficial petrosal nerve nerve to stabilize
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:14:08,140 --> 00:14:12,760
647
+ muscleูˆ cordotempani nerve ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ุชู„ุงุซุฉ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชูƒู„ู…
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:14:12,760 --> 00:14:19,420
651
+ ุนู†ู‡ู… ูˆ finally ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ุจูŠุบุงุฏุฑ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:14:19,420 --> 00:14:24,160
655
+ Stylomastoid foramen ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† Stylomastoid
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:14:24,160 --> 00:14:28,660
659
+ foramen ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ course ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ facial
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:14:28,660 --> 00:14:31,380
663
+ nerve intracranial course
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:14:37,190 --> 00:14:41,890
667
+ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ extra cranial course of the facial nerve
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:14:41,890 --> 00:14:47,910
671
+ it leaves the skull through the stylomastoid
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:14:47,910 --> 00:14:51,630
675
+ foramen ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุบุงุฏุฑ ุงู„ facial canal ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:14:51,630 --> 00:14:54,590
679
+ ุงู„ skull ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ stylomastoid foramen
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:14:54,590 --> 00:15:01,350
683
+ immediately after exit of the skull it gives two
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:15:01,350 --> 00:15:03,630
687
+ branches ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ skull ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:15:03,630 --> 00:15:09,810
691
+ immediately two branchesุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠุฏุฎู„ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:15:09,810 --> 00:15:16,270
695
+ Posterior Medial Service
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:15:16,270 --> 00:15:20,150
699
+ of Parotid Glan ุจูŠูƒูˆู† Superficial ู„ู€ External
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:15:20,150 --> 00:15:26,750
703
+ Carotid Arteryูˆ it ends inside of the substance
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:15:26,750 --> 00:15:32,710
707
+ part of the gland by dividing into five terminal
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:15:32,710 --> 00:15:36,610
711
+ branches ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง five branches ูŠุนู†ูŠ
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:15:36,610 --> 00:15:41,150
715
+ ุทู„ุน ุงู„ facial nerve ู„ู‡ ูƒุงู… branchุŸ ุนุดุฑุฉุŒ ู„ู‡ ุนุดุฑุฉุŒ
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:15:41,150 --> 00:15:46,000
719
+ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ facial canalุชู†ูŠู† immediately
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:15:46,000 --> 00:15:48,660
723
+ after exit ูˆ ุชู†ูŠู† ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู†
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:15:48,660 --> 00:15:52,360
727
+ ุงู„ุณุงูŠู„ูˆู…ุณุชุฑูˆูŠุฏููˆุฑุงู…ู† ูˆ ุฎู…ุณุฉ terminal branches
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:15:52,360 --> 00:15:59,820
731
+ ุตุงุฑูˆุง ูƒุงู… ุตุงุฑูˆุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุนุดุฑุฉ branches ู„ู…ู† ู„ุงู„ู‡ facial
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:15:59,820 --> 00:16:07,020
735
+ nerve 10 branches
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:16:07,020 --> 00:16:12,640
739
+ ู‡ุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู„ู…ุง ูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ุณุงูŠู„ูˆู…ุณุชุฑูˆูŠุฏููˆุฑุงู…ู† ุชูƒูˆู†
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:16:12,640 --> 00:16:16,240
743
+ ุงู„ุฎู„ู ุดูˆูŠุฉุงู„ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง two branches ู‡ุงูŠ
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:16:16,240 --> 00:16:20,840
747
+ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู‡ุงูŠ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ posterior auricular nerve
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:16:20,840 --> 00:16:24,940
751
+ ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง nerve to posterior piliacal and digastric
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:16:24,940 --> 00:16:30,040
755
+ muscle and stylohyoid muscle ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง five
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:16:30,040 --> 00:16:35,920
759
+ branches temporal nerve, zygomatic nerve, buccal
760
+
761
+ 191
762
+ 00:16:35,920 --> 00:16:41,380
763
+ nerveู…ุงุฑุฌูŠู†ุงู„ ู…ุงู†ุฏูŠุจูˆู„ุงุฑ ู†ูŠุฑู ุณูŠุฑูุงูŠูƒุงู„ ู†ูŠุฑู ุตุงุฑ
764
+
765
+ 192
766
+ 00:16:41,380 --> 00:16:46,200
767
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ููŠ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ูƒู†ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู‡ูŠ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุณุชุฉ
768
+
769
+ 193
770
+ 00:16:46,200 --> 00:16:51,480
771
+ ุณุจุนุฉ ุชู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ุชุณุนุฉ ุนุดุฑุฉ ุทู„ุน ูƒุงู… ุจุฑู†ุด ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ููŠุดูŠุงู„
772
+
773
+ 194
774
+ 00:16:51,480 --> 00:16:58,690
775
+ ู†ูŠุฑูุนุดุฑุฉ ten branches ู…ู‡ู…ูŠู†
776
+
777
+ 195
778
+ 00:16:58,690 --> 00:17:02,310
779
+ ุฌุฏุง ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุงู†ุชูˆุง ุจุชุชุนุงู…ู„ูˆุง ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ุน ุงู„
780
+
781
+ 196
782
+ 00:17:02,310 --> 00:17:06,330
783
+ facial nerve ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช bells pulse ู„ู…ุง ูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ
784
+
785
+ 197
786
+ 00:17:06,330 --> 00:17:10,670
787
+ ุนู†ุฏู‡ facial neuropathy ุงู„ุชู‡ุงุจ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน
788
+
789
+ 198
790
+ 00:17:10,670 --> 00:17:17,730
791
+ branches of the facial nerve branches of the
792
+
793
+ 199
794
+ 00:17:17,730 --> 00:17:23,400
795
+ facial nerve inside the facial fallopian canalุฃูˆู„
796
+
797
+ 200
798
+ 00:17:23,400 --> 00:17:27,980
799
+ ุดูŠ ููŠ greater superficial petrosal nerve ุงุชู†ูŠู†
800
+
801
+ 201
802
+ 00:17:27,980 --> 00:17:34,860
803
+ small branch to stapedius muscle ุงูŠู‡ ุจุฌู†ู‡ุŸ ู‡ุฐุง
804
+
805
+ 202
806
+ 00:17:34,860 --> 00:17:40,680
807
+ small branch ู„ู„ุงุณุชุงุจูŠุฏูŠุงุณ ู…ุตู„ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ motor ุฌูŠ ุงุณ ุจูŠ
808
+
809
+ 203
810
+ 00:17:40,680 --> 00:17:46,360
811
+ ุงู† ุจุงุฑุง sympathetic ุงู„ูƒูˆุฑุฏุฉ ุชู†ุจู†ูŠ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุจุงุฑุง
812
+
813
+ 204
814
+ 00:17:46,360 --> 00:17:52,370
815
+ sympathetic ูˆ sensory ูˆ ู‡ูŠ ูˆ sensoryPosterior
816
+
817
+ 205
818
+ 00:17:52,370 --> 00:17:56,110
819
+ Auricular Nerve ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู…ุน Sensory ู…ุน ุจุนุถ
820
+
821
+ 206
822
+ 00:17:56,110 --> 00:17:59,950
823
+ Nerve of Posterior Biliary of the Digastric Muscle
824
+
825
+ 207
826
+ 00:17:59,950 --> 00:18:05,710
827
+ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ูˆ Terminal five branches temporal nerveู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ
828
+
829
+ 208
830
+ 00:18:05,710 --> 00:18:12,530
831
+ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ
832
+
833
+ 209
834
+ 00:18:12,530 --> 00:18:20,530
835
+ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ
836
+
837
+ 210
838
+ 00:18:25,670 --> 00:18:30,930
839
+ ุชู†ูŠู† immediately after exit ูˆุฎู…ุณุฉ terminal ุงู„ุชู„ุงุชุฉ
840
+
841
+ 211
842
+ 00:18:30,930 --> 00:18:34,510
843
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ canal ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ canal ูˆุงุญุฏ GSBN
844
+
845
+ 212
846
+ 00:18:34,510 --> 00:18:37,850
847
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ greater superficial petrosal nerve ุซู…ูŠู†
848
+
849
+ 213
850
+ 00:18:37,850 --> 00:18:42,670
851
+ small branch to stapedius muscle ุชู„ุงุชุฉ corda
852
+
853
+ 214
854
+ 00:18:42,670 --> 00:18:48,470
855
+ tympani nerve ุงู„ two nerves immediately after exit
856
+
857
+ 215
858
+ 00:18:48,470 --> 00:18:51,930
859
+ from stylomostoid foramen ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ posterior
860
+
861
+ 216
862
+ 00:18:51,930 --> 00:18:56,010
863
+ auricular nerveูˆ nerve to posterior belay of
864
+
865
+ 217
866
+ 00:18:56,010 --> 00:19:00,230
867
+ digastric muscle and stylohyoid muscle ูˆุฎู…ุณุฉ
868
+
869
+ 218
870
+ 00:19:00,230 --> 00:19:03,610
871
+ terminal branches temporal nerve ุฒูŠ Gematic nerve,
872
+
873
+ 219
874
+ 00:19:04,030 --> 00:19:07,310
875
+ buccal nerve, marginal mandibular nerve and
876
+
877
+ 220
878
+ 00:19:07,310 --> 00:19:13,890
879
+ cervical nerve ุงู„ุขู† ููŠ ุงู„ slide ู‡ุฐุง ุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
880
+
881
+ 221
882
+ 00:19:14,740 --> 00:19:19,660
883
+ ุงู„ู€ branches ุงู„ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ canal GSPN
884
+
885
+ 222
886
+ 00:19:19,660 --> 00:19:24,460
887
+ ุฃูˆ Greater Superficial Petrosal Nerve it is a
888
+
889
+ 223
890
+ 00:19:24,460 --> 00:19:29,700
891
+ parasympathetic nerve carry parasympathetic fibers
892
+
893
+ 224
894
+ 00:19:29,700 --> 00:19:34,560
895
+ to the lacrimal gland, nasal gland, nasopharyngeal
896
+
897
+ 225
898
+ 00:19:34,560 --> 00:19:40,560
899
+ gland, palatine gland ูƒู„ู‡ู… ู…ู†ู‡ุซู…ูŠู† small branch to
900
+
901
+ 226
902
+ 00:19:40,560 --> 00:19:44,260
903
+ the stapedius muscle in the middle ear ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
904
+
905
+ 227
906
+ 00:19:44,260 --> 00:19:49,260
907
+ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ motor nerve reduce excessive vibration and
908
+
909
+ 228
910
+ 00:19:49,260 --> 00:19:53,280
911
+ sound transmission to inner ear ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฌูŠุฑุงู†ูƒูˆุง
912
+
913
+ 229
914
+ 00:19:53,280 --> 00:19:57,660
915
+ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุญูู„ุฉ ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠู„ ูˆ ู‡ู… ุฃุบุงู†ูŠ ู…ุด ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุฃูŠู†
916
+
917
+ 230
918
+ 00:19:57,660 --> 00:20:02,280
919
+ ุฌุงูŠุจูŠู†ู‡ุง ูˆ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุจูŠุฑู‡ู‚ ู…ู† ุณู…ุญ ุงู„ุฃุบุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุด
920
+
921
+ 231
922
+ 00:20:02,280 --> 00:20:07,890
923
+ ุญู„ูˆุฉ ูˆ ู…ุงุนู„ูŠู‡ุงุด ุฃูŠ ู…ุนู†ู‰ ูˆ ุญุฑุงู…ู…ุงุฐุง ุชูุนู„ ู‡ุฐู‡
924
+
925
+ 232
926
+ 00:20:07,890 --> 00:20:11,330
927
+ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉุŸ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุชุญุฏุซ ู„ู‡ุง contraction ู„ู€
928
+
929
+ 233
930
+ 00:20:11,330 --> 00:20:14,830
931
+ Stapedius muscle ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ุชุนู…ู„ contractionุŸ ุนุดุงู† ู†ู‚ู„ู„
932
+
933
+ 234
934
+ 00:20:14,830 --> 00:20:19,770
935
+ ุชูˆุตูŠู„ ุงู„ุตูˆุช ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุฏู† ุงู„ูˆุณุท ู„ู„ุฃุฏู† ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†
936
+
937
+ 235
938
+ 00:20:19,770 --> 00:20:22,570
939
+ ุญูู„ุฉ ุนู† ุฌูŠุฑุงู†ูƒูˆ ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ุชูƒูˆู† Stapedius muscle ููŠ
940
+
941
+ 236
942
+ 00:20:22,570 --> 00:20:26,750
943
+ ูˆุถุน contraction ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุงุŸ reduction excessive
944
+
945
+ 237
946
+ 00:20:26,750 --> 00:20:32,670
947
+ vibration and sound transmissionfrom middle ear to
948
+
949
+ 238
950
+ 00:20:32,670 --> 00:20:35,790
951
+ inner earุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰
952
+
953
+ 239
954
+ 00:20:35,790 --> 00:20:39,650
955
+ contraction ุชุนู…ู„ ุชุฎููŠุถ ู„ู„ุตูˆุช ุงู„ุนุงู„ูŠุŒ ุชูˆุตูŠู„ ุงู„ุตูˆุช
956
+
957
+ 240
958
+ 00:20:39,650 --> 00:20:43,650
959
+ ุงู„ุนุงู„ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุฏู†ุฉ ุงู„ูˆุณุทู‰ ู„ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ุฃุฏู†ุฉ ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠุฉุŒ ู„ูƒู†
960
+
961
+ 241
962
+ 00:20:43,650 --> 00:20:47,770
963
+ ู„ูˆ ู…ุง ูƒุงู†ุช ุดุบุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉุŒ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงุดูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡
964
+
965
+ 242
966
+ 00:20:47,770 --> 00:20:51,250
967
+ hyperacusiaุŒ hyper ุงูŠู‡ุŸ Acusia
968
+
969
+ 243
970
+ 00:20:53,830 --> 00:20:56,630
971
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุจู‚ุฑุง ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฅู„ูƒูˆุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡
972
+
973
+ 244
974
+ 00:20:56,630 --> 00:20:59,350
975
+ hyperacusia ุจู‚ุฏุฑุด ุชุญู…ู„ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุตูˆุช ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
976
+
977
+ 245
978
+ 00:20:59,350 --> 00:21:05,960
979
+ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุงู„ู‡ ุนุงู„ูŠ ูƒุซูŠุฑ ูˆ ู…ุฒุนุฌ ูƒุซูŠุฑุซู„ุงุซุฉ ูƒูˆุฑุฏุง ุชู†ุจุงู†ูŠ
980
+
981
+ 246
982
+ 00:21:05,960 --> 00:21:09,740
983
+ ู†ูŠุฑู ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุจุงุฑุง ุณูŠู…ุจุงุชุงุชูŠูƒ ูˆ special sensory
984
+
985
+ 247
986
+ 00:21:09,740 --> 00:21:15,660
987
+ nerve ูŠุนุทูŠ ุจุงุฑุง ุณูŠู…ุจุงุชุงุชูŠูƒ ูุงูŠุจุฑุฒ ู„ุณุจ ู…ุงู†ุฏูŠุจูˆู„ุฑ ูˆ
988
+
989
+ 248
990
+ 00:21:15,660 --> 00:21:20,320
991
+ ุณุจ ู„ูŠู†ุฌูˆุงู„ ุณู„ูŠูุฑูŠ ุฌู„ุงู†ุฏ ุจูŠุบุถูŠู†ุง ุงู„ุณุจ ู…ุงู†ุฏูŠุจูˆู„ุฑ ูˆ
992
+
993
+ 249
994
+ 00:21:20,320 --> 00:21:23,260
995
+ ุงู„ุณุจ ู„ูŠู†ุฌูˆุงู„ ุณู„ูŠูุฑูŠ ุฌู„ุงู†ุฏ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ production
996
+
997
+ 250
998
+ 00:21:23,260 --> 00:21:27,780
999
+ of saliva ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุณุจ ู„ุงูŠู ุฏูŠ ุชูŠู‡ ุงู„ sensation ุจูŠุบุถูŠ
1000
+
1001
+ 251
1002
+ 00:21:27,780 --> 00:21:35,130
1003
+ ุงู„ุชุฐูˆู‚ from anterior to third of the tongueู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
1004
+
1005
+ 252
1006
+ 00:21:35,130 --> 00:21:39,170
1007
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ greater superficial petrosal nerve ู‡ุงูŠ
1008
+
1009
+ 253
1010
+ 00:21:39,170 --> 00:21:44,790
1011
+ nerve to stapedius muscle ูˆู‡ูŠ
1012
+
1013
+ 254
1014
+ 00:21:44,790 --> 00:21:48,890
1015
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ corda tympani nerve ูˆุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู†
1016
+
1017
+ 255
1018
+ 00:21:48,890 --> 00:21:53,870
1019
+ stylo-mastoid foramen ู…ู† stylo-mastoid foramen ุฎุฑุฌ
1020
+
1021
+ 256
1022
+ 00:21:53,870 --> 00:21:57,730
1023
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ facial nerve ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู†ุง ุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒูˆุง ุฃูˆู„
1024
+
1025
+ 257
1026
+ 00:21:57,730 --> 00:22:06,170
1027
+ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ facial nerve ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู†
1028
+
1029
+ 258
1030
+ 00:22:06,170 --> 00:22:10,590
1031
+ stylo mustoid foramen ูˆุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง two branches
1032
+
1033
+ 259
1034
+ 00:22:10,590 --> 00:22:15,250
1035
+ posterior auricular nerve and nerve to posterior
1036
+
1037
+ 260
1038
+ 00:22:15,250 --> 00:22:20,370
1039
+ belay of the gastric muscle and stylohyoid muscle
1040
+
1041
+ 261
1042
+ 00:22:20,370 --> 00:22:26,230
1043
+ ู‡ุงูŠ
1044
+
1045
+ 262
1046
+ 00:22:26,230 --> 00:22:33,850
1047
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ facial nerveุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ stylo
1048
+
1049
+ 263
1050
+ 00:22:33,850 --> 00:22:43,130
1051
+ -mastoid foramin ุงู„ุงู†
1052
+
1053
+ 264
1054
+ 00:22:43,130 --> 00:22:48,490
1055
+ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ branches of the facial nerve immediately
1056
+
1057
+ 265
1058
+ 00:22:48,490 --> 00:22:52,930
1059
+ after exit from the skull ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ skull
1060
+
1061
+ 266
1062
+ 00:22:52,930 --> 00:22:55,990
1063
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ stylo-mastoid formin immediately it gives
1064
+
1065
+ 267
1066
+ 00:22:55,990 --> 00:23:01,000
1067
+ two branchesุฃูˆู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ุฃูˆุฑูŠูƒูˆู„ุงุฑ ู†ูŠุฑู
1068
+
1069
+ 268
1070
+ 00:23:01,000 --> 00:23:05,920
1071
+ ุจุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ุฃูˆุฑูŠูƒูˆู„ุงุฑ ู†ูŠุฑู supply of occipital belay
1072
+
1073
+ 269
1074
+ 00:23:05,920 --> 00:23:11,260
1075
+ of occipitofrontalis muscle supply also superior
1076
+
1077
+ 270
1078
+ 00:23:11,260 --> 00:23:16,000
1079
+ and posterior auricularis muscle ุจูŠุบุฏูŠู†ุง ุงู„
1080
+
1081
+ 271
1082
+ 00:23:16,000 --> 00:23:18,020
1083
+ superior ูˆ ุงู„ posterior auricularis muscle
1084
+
1085
+ 272
1086
+ 00:23:20,910 --> 00:23:25,630
1087
+ ุฃูˆุฑูŠูƒูˆู„ุงุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู„ู‡ุง ุฌุฒุกูŠู† ุฌุฒุก posterior ูˆ ุฌุฒุก
1088
+
1089
+ 273
1090
+ 00:23:25,630 --> 00:23:30,230
1091
+ anterior ู‡ูˆ ุฃุฏู‚ ุจูŠุบุถูŠ ุจูŠุบุถูŠ posterior part ุจูŠุบุถูŠ
1092
+
1093
+ 274
1094
+ 00:23:30,230 --> 00:23:33,830
1095
+ posterior part ู„ุฅู† ุงู„ temporal nerve ุฑุงุญ ูŠุบุถูŠ main
1096
+
1097
+ 275
1098
+ 00:23:33,830 --> 00:23:38,050
1099
+ anterior part ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ posterior auricular nerve
1100
+
1101
+ 276
1102
+ 00:23:38,050 --> 00:23:41,930
1103
+ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุบุถูŠ ุฃุฏู‚ ุงู„ posterior part of superior
1104
+
1105
+ 277
1106
+ 00:23:41,930 --> 00:23:46,770
1107
+ auricular muscleOkay ูˆ ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„
1108
+
1109
+ 278
1110
+ 00:23:46,770 --> 00:23:51,650
1111
+ sensation from the posterior part of the auricle
1112
+
1113
+ 279
1114
+ 00:23:51,650 --> 00:23:56,330
1115
+ and tympanic membrane ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงุณู…ู‡ ูˆุงุถุญ
1116
+
1117
+ 280
1118
+ 00:23:56,330 --> 00:23:59,710
1119
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ nerve to posterior belay of the digastric
1120
+
1121
+ 281
1122
+ 00:23:59,710 --> 00:24:02,630
1123
+ muscle and the stylohyoid muscle ููŠ ุบุฏูŠู†ุง
1124
+
1125
+ 282
1126
+ 00:24:02,630 --> 00:24:05,530
1127
+ posterior belay of the digastric muscle and the
1128
+
1129
+ 283
1130
+ 00:24:05,530 --> 00:24:10,590
1131
+ stylohyoid muscle ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ posterior
1132
+
1133
+ 284
1134
+ 00:24:10,590 --> 00:24:17,240
1135
+ auricular nervePosterior Auricular nerve ุฎุฑุฌ
1136
+
1137
+ 285
1138
+ 00:24:17,240 --> 00:24:22,380
1139
+ ุงู…ุฏูŠุงุชูŠุงู„ูŠ ุชูˆู†ูŠุฑู ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ุงูˆุฑูŠูƒูˆู„ุงุฑ ู†ูŠุฑู ูˆ ู†ูŠุฑู
1140
+
1141
+ 286
1142
+ 00:24:22,380 --> 00:24:25,860
1143
+ ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ุจูŠู„ูŠู‚ ุฏูŠุฌุงุซุฑูŠูƒ ู…ุณู„ ูˆ ุณุงูŠู„ูˆู‡ุงูŠูˆูŠุฏ ู†ุชูƒู„ู…
1144
+
1145
+ 287
1146
+ 00:24:25,860 --> 00:24:29,340
1147
+ ุนู† ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ุงูˆุฑูŠูƒูˆู„ุงุฑ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠู† ุงูƒุณูŠุจุชุฑ ุจูŠู„ูŠู‚ ุงูˆ
1148
+
1149
+ 288
1150
+ 00:24:29,340 --> 00:24:35,560
1151
+ ุงูƒุณูŠุจุชุฑ ูุฑูˆู†ุชุงู„ูŠุณ ู…ุณู„ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ุงูˆุฑูŠูƒูˆู„ุงุฑ
1152
+
1153
+ 289
1154
+ 00:24:35,560 --> 00:24:41,050
1155
+ ู…ุณู„ ูˆ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠุงู„ู€ posterior part of superior
1156
+
1157
+ 290
1158
+ 00:24:41,050 --> 00:24:45,070
1159
+ auricular muscle ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ posterior auricular nerve
1160
+
1161
+ 291
1162
+ 00:24:45,070 --> 00:24:49,030
1163
+ ูˆุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุฃูˆ receive sensation from the posterior
1164
+
1165
+ 292
1166
+ 00:24:49,030 --> 00:24:53,810
1167
+ auricle and posterior tympanic membrane ู‡ุฐุง ุฃูˆู„
1168
+
1169
+ 293
1170
+ 00:24:53,810 --> 00:25:02,040
1171
+ branch after exit ู‡ุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูˆุงุถุญุฃูƒุณูŠุจุชุงู„ ุจู„ุงูŠ of
1172
+
1173
+ 294
1174
+ 00:25:02,040 --> 00:25:05,820
1175
+ occipital frontalis muscle ู‡ูŠ posterior auricular
1176
+
1177
+ 295
1178
+ 00:25:05,820 --> 00:25:11,420
1179
+ muscle ูˆู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ posterior part of superior
1180
+
1181
+ 296
1182
+ 00:25:11,420 --> 00:25:16,680
1183
+ auricular ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุนู†ุฏูŠ five .. ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง
1184
+
1185
+ 297
1186
+ 00:25:16,680 --> 00:25:21,320
1187
+ ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง five terminal branches ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ five
1188
+
1189
+ 298
1190
+ 00:25:21,320 --> 00:25:25,580
1191
+ terminal branches ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ temporal nerve
1192
+
1193
+ 299
1194
+ 00:25:26,610 --> 00:25:30,830
1195
+ zigomatic nerve, buccal nerve, marginal mandibular
1196
+
1197
+ 300
1198
+ 00:25:30,830 --> 00:25:34,210
1199
+ nerve and cervical nerve ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุชูŠุฑู…ูŠู† ุงู„ branches
1200
+
1201
+ 301
1202
+ 00:25:34,210 --> 00:25:39,910
1203
+ temporal nerve ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ูˆุงุญุฏ ูˆุงุญุฏ temporal nerve
1204
+
1205
+ 302
1206
+ 00:25:39,910 --> 00:25:45,530
1207
+ supply the frontal belay of subfrontalis muscle
1208
+
1209
+ 303
1210
+ 00:25:45,530 --> 00:25:52,640
1211
+ upper partof orbicularis oculi muscle superior and
1212
+
1213
+ 304
1214
+ 00:25:52,640 --> 00:25:56,100
1215
+ anterior auricularis muscle ู†ุดูˆูู‡ู… ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุงูŠุด
1216
+
1217
+ 305
1218
+ 00:25:56,100 --> 00:26:01,460
1219
+ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠู†ุง ุงู„ temporal nerve ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ frontal
1220
+
1221
+ 306
1222
+ 00:26:01,460 --> 00:26:08,130
1223
+ belay ofูˆsubta frontalis muscle ุจูŠุบุถูŠ ู…ู†ุŸ anterior
1224
+
1225
+ 307
1226
+ 00:26:08,130 --> 00:26:13,790
1227
+ auricularis muscle ูˆุจูŠุบุถูŠ ุงู„ anterior part of
1228
+
1229
+ 308
1230
+ 00:26:13,790 --> 00:26:18,350
1231
+ superior auricular muscle ูˆุจูŠุบุถูŠ ุงู„ upper part of
1232
+
1233
+ 309
1234
+ 00:26:18,350 --> 00:26:22,650
1235
+ auricularis oculi muscle ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู† ุจูŠุบุถูŠู‡ู…ุŸ
1236
+
1237
+ 310
1238
+ 00:26:22,650 --> 00:26:32,490
1239
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ temporal nerve ู†ุฑุฌุน ู„ู„ slide zygomatic
1240
+
1241
+ 311
1242
+ 00:26:32,490 --> 00:26:37,830
1243
+ nerveุงู„ู€ zygomatic nerve ุจู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† upper
1244
+
1245
+ 312
1246
+ 00:26:37,830 --> 00:26:43,910
1247
+ zygomatic branch and lower zygomatic branch ุงู„
1248
+
1249
+ 313
1250
+ 00:26:43,910 --> 00:26:50,510
1251
+ upper zygomatic branch ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ subperior
1252
+
1253
+ 314
1254
+ 00:26:50,510 --> 00:26:53,110
1255
+ or inferior part of the orbicularis oculi muscle
1256
+
1257
+ 315
1258
+ 00:26:53,110 --> 00:26:58,110
1259
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุบู…ุถ ุฅู„ูŠู‡ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ ุงู„ lower zygomatic muscle
1260
+
1261
+ 316
1262
+ 00:26:58,110 --> 00:27:03,210
1263
+ between the eye and mouth including nasal muscle
1264
+
1265
+ 317
1266
+ 00:27:03,210 --> 00:27:07,050
1267
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ upper zygomatic nerve ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ
1268
+
1269
+ 318
1270
+ 00:27:07,050 --> 00:27:11,070
1271
+ ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ articularis oculi muscle ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ upper part
1272
+
1273
+ 319
1274
+ 00:27:11,070 --> 00:27:16,530
1275
+ ูˆ ุงู„ lower part ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุฃูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† upper
1276
+
1277
+ 320
1278
+ 00:27:16,530 --> 00:27:19,630
1279
+ zygomatic ูˆ ุงู„ lower zygomatic ุจูŠุบุฏูŠู†ุง ุงู„ muscles
1280
+
1281
+ 321
1282
+ 00:27:19,630 --> 00:27:27,510
1283
+ between the mouthand I including nasal muscles
1284
+
1285
+ 322
1286
+ 00:27:27,510 --> 00:27:33,390
1287
+ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ lower zygomatic branch
1288
+
1289
+ 323
1290
+ 00:27:33,390 --> 00:27:36,450
1291
+ ููŠ
1292
+
1293
+ 324
1294
+ 00:27:36,450 --> 00:27:43,990
1295
+ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง buckle nerve ุจูŠุบุฏูŠู†ุง vaccinator muscle and
1296
+
1297
+ 325
1298
+ 00:27:43,990 --> 00:27:47,090
1299
+ orbicularis oris muscle orbicularis oris muscle
1300
+
1301
+ 326
1302
+ 00:27:47,090 --> 00:27:52,510
1303
+ ุงู†ูŠ ุงู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ุจุตูุฑ ุจุญุฑูƒู‡ุง ู„ู…ุง ุจุณูƒุฑ ุทู…ูŠ ุจุญุฑูƒู‡ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ
1304
+
1305
+ 327
1306
+ 00:27:53,850 --> 00:27:59,450
1307
+ Vaccinator muscle ุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจูƒุงู„ ูˆ Arbicularis
1308
+
1309
+ 328
1310
+ 00:27:59,450 --> 00:28:05,110
1311
+ muscle ุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจูƒุงู„ ู†ูŠุฑู
1312
+
1313
+ 329
1314
+ 00:28:08,670 --> 00:28:14,150
1315
+ ุงู„ูุฑุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ marginal mandibular nerve
1316
+
1317
+ 330
1318
+ 00:28:14,150 --> 00:28:19,050
1319
+ supply the muscle in the region of the mandible
1320
+
1321
+ 331
1322
+ 00:28:19,050 --> 00:28:22,970
1323
+ ูˆููŠู‡ cervical muscle ุฃูˆ cervical nerve ุจูŠุบุฏู‰
1324
+
1325
+ 332
1326
+ 00:28:22,970 --> 00:28:29,860
1327
+ platysma muscleูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุงุฏ ุงู„ muscles ููŠ ุงู„ angle of
1328
+
1329
+ 333
1330
+ 00:28:29,860 --> 00:28:33,720
1331
+ the mandible ุชู…ุงู… ุงูˆ angle of the mouth ุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„
1332
+
1333
+ 334
1334
+ 00:28:33,720 --> 00:28:36,840
1335
+ marginal mandibular nerve ูˆู‡ุงุฏ ุงู„ platysmal muscle
1336
+
1337
+ 335
1338
+ 00:28:36,840 --> 00:28:40,840
1339
+ ุฑุงุญ ุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ platysmal muscle ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„
1340
+
1341
+ 336
1342
+ 00:28:40,840 --> 00:28:45,800
1343
+ cervical nerve of facial ู‡ูƒุฐุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู†ุง ุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒู…
1344
+
1345
+ 337
1346
+ 00:28:45,800 --> 00:28:51,220
1347
+ ten branches of facial nerve ุดุฑุญุช ุงู„ุนุดุฑ ุนุตุงุจ ูŠุจู‚ู‰
1348
+
1349
+ 338
1350
+ 00:28:51,220 --> 00:28:55,430
1351
+ ู‡ุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ zygomatic nerveุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠู†ุง ู…ูŠู†ุŸ
1352
+
1353
+ 339
1354
+ 00:28:55,430 --> 00:28:59,510
1355
+ ุงู„ุงุฑุจูŠูƒูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุณ ูˆ ุงู„ muscle
1356
+
1357
+ 340
1358
+ 00:29:00,680 --> 00:29:05,080
1359
+ between the eye and mouth including nasal muscle
1360
+
1361
+ 341
1362
+ 00:29:05,080 --> 00:29:08,880
1363
+ ุฃู†ุง ู‡ุฃุนู„ู…ู„ูƒูˆุง ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ุงู„ุจู‚ุงู„ ู†ูŠุฑ ุจูŠุบุถูŠ orbicularis
1364
+
1365
+ 342
1366
+ 00:29:08,880 --> 00:29:12,480
1367
+ oris muscle ูˆ vaccinator muscle ุงู„ marginal
1368
+
1369
+ 343
1370
+ 00:29:12,480 --> 00:29:16,480
1371
+ mandibular nerve ุจูŠุบุถูŠู†ุง ุงู„ muscle around the
1372
+
1373
+ 344
1374
+ 00:29:16,480 --> 00:29:20,800
1375
+ mouth angle ูˆ ุงู„ cervical nerve ุจูŠุบุถูŠ platysma
1376
+
1377
+ 345
1378
+ 00:29:20,800 --> 00:29:25,240
1379
+ muscle ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ marginal ูˆุงุถุญ ุจูŠุบุถูŠู†ุง ุงู„ muscle ููŠ
1380
+
1381
+ 346
1382
+ 00:29:25,240 --> 00:29:30,650
1383
+ ุงู„ angle of the mouthุงู†ุชุฌูŠ ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุฑุงุญ ุฃุดุฑุญู‡
1384
+
1385
+ 347
1386
+ 00:29:30,650 --> 00:29:34,710
1387
+ ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ููŠ ุณู†ุฉ ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ุฅู† ุถู„ูŠู†ุง ุทูŠุจูŠู† ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„
1388
+
1389
+ 348
1390
+ 00:29:34,710 --> 00:29:41,970
1391
+ motor nucleus motor nucleus of the facial nerve
1392
+
1393
+ 349
1394
+ 00:29:41,970 --> 00:29:50,950
1395
+ ุชู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ุชู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุฌุฒุก ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ventral
1396
+
1397
+ 350
1398
+ 00:29:50,950 --> 00:29:58,190
1399
+ ูˆุฌุฒุก ูŠุนุชุจุฑ dorsal ุงู„ ventral
1400
+
1401
+ 351
1402
+ 00:30:01,490 --> 00:30:09,050
1403
+ supply the lower quadrant of the face ูˆ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุณู„
1404
+
1405
+ 352
1406
+ 00:30:09,050 --> 00:30:16,450
1407
+ supply the upper quadrant of the face ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุณู„ ุชุฃุฎุฐ
1408
+
1409
+ 353
1410
+ 00:30:16,450 --> 00:30:21,490
1411
+ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere ูˆ ู…ู†
1412
+
1413
+ 354
1414
+ 00:30:21,490 --> 00:30:26,470
1415
+ ุงู„contralateral cerebral hemisphere ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุญูƒู…ุฉ ุฑุจู†ุง
1416
+
1417
+ 355
1418
+ 00:30:26,470 --> 00:30:29,730
1419
+ ูˆุงุณุน ุจุงู„ุจุนุฏุฃุนุทู‰ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุจุชุบู…ุถ ุงู„ุนูŠู†
1420
+
1421
+ 356
1422
+ 00:30:29,730 --> 00:30:34,930
1423
+ innervation from both cerebral hemispheres ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„
1424
+
1425
+ 357
1426
+ 00:30:34,930 --> 00:30:39,130
1427
+ dorsal part ุฃูˆ ุงู„ dorsal nucleus of facial ุจุชุงุฎุฏ
1428
+
1429
+ 358
1430
+ 00:30:39,130 --> 00:30:42,570
1431
+ ู…ู† ูƒุงู… cerebral hemisphereุŸ ู…ู† two cerebral
1432
+
1433
+ 359
1434
+ 00:30:42,570 --> 00:30:47,310
1435
+ hemispheres ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ ventral nucleus ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„
1436
+
1437
+ 360
1438
+ 00:30:47,310 --> 00:30:51,540
1439
+ lower quadrant of the faceูู‚ุท ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ opposite
1440
+
1441
+ 361
1442
+ 00:30:51,540 --> 00:30:55,680
1443
+ sideุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ุŒ ู„ูˆ ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุตุงุฑ ู…ุนุงู‡ ุฌู„ุทุฉ
1444
+
1445
+ 362
1446
+ 00:30:55,680 --> 00:30:58,940
1447
+ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉุŒ ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ right cerebral
1448
+
1449
+ 363
1450
+ 00:30:58,940 --> 00:31:03,340
1451
+ hemisphereุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ right cerebral hemisphereุŒ ุฅูŠุด
1452
+
1453
+ 364
1454
+ 00:31:03,340 --> 00:31:09,340
1455
+ ุจุญุฏุซ ุนู†ุฏู‡ุŸ ู…ูŠู† ุฑุงุญ ูŠุชุฃุซุฑ ูู‚ุทุŸ ุงู„ุฏุฑุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชุฃุซุฑุŸู…ุง
1456
+
1457
+ 365
1458
+ 00:31:09,340 --> 00:31:13,420
1459
+ ุจุชุชุฃุซุฑุด ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง Epilateral Innervation ุทูŠุจ ูˆ ุงู„
1460
+
1461
+ 366
1462
+ 00:31:13,420 --> 00:31:17,580
1463
+ Ventral ุงู„ Ventral ุฑุงุญ ุชุชุฃุซุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„
1464
+
1465
+ 367
1466
+ 00:31:17,580 --> 00:31:23,260
1467
+ Ventral ุฑุงุญ ุชุชุฃุซุฑ ุฑุงุญ ูŠู†ุดู„ ู†ุต ูˆุฌู‡ู‡ ุงู„ุณูู„ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน
1468
+
1469
+ 368
1470
+ 00:31:23,260 --> 00:31:28,240
1471
+ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุง ุฑุงุญ ุฃุทูˆู„ ุงู„ุขู† ููŠู‡ ุฑุงุญ ุฃุดุฑุญู‡ ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ููŠ ุณู†ุฉ
1472
+
1473
+ 369
1474
+ 00:31:28,240 --> 00:31:32,520
1475
+ ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุฃุนุตุงุจ ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ
1476
+
1477
+ 370
1478
+ 00:31:32,520 --> 00:31:39,070
1479
+ cranial nerve disease ู‡ู†ุง ู†ุดูˆูู…ุฑุถู‰ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… facial
1480
+
1481
+ 371
1482
+ 00:31:39,070 --> 00:31:46,830
1483
+ palsy ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุฏูˆู„ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… facial palsy ู„ุงุญุธูˆู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ
1484
+
1485
+ 372
1486
+ 00:31:46,830 --> 00:31:55,030
1487
+ ุนู†ุฏู‡ hand shell ููŠ ู†ุต ูˆุฌู‡ู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑุจูŠุบู…ุถ
1488
+
1489
+ 373
1490
+ 00:31:55,030 --> 00:31:58,470
1491
+ ุนูŠู†ู‡ ู‡ู†ุง ู…ุด ู‚ุงุฏุฑ ูŠุบู…ุถ ููŠ drop ููŠ ุงู„ mouth angle
1492
+
1493
+ 374
1494
+ 00:31:58,470 --> 00:32:03,770
1495
+ ุนูŠู†ู‡ ูุงุชุญุฉ loss nasolabial fold ู…ุด ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู†
1496
+
1497
+ 375
1498
+ 00:32:03,770 --> 00:32:07,710
1499
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู‡ุฐุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุดู„ู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน ุงู„ GHA ุงู„ูŠุณุฑู‰
1500
+
1501
+ 376
1502
+ 00:32:07,710 --> 00:32:11,110
1503
+ ู‡ุฐุง ูƒู„ู‡ ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฑุงุญ ุงุดุฑุญู‡ ููŠ ุณู†ุฉ ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ููŠ
1504
+
1505
+ 377
1506
+ 00:32:11,110 --> 00:32:16,410
1507
+ ู…ุฑุถ ุงุณู…ู‡ Bell's palsy ุงู„ุชู‡ุงุจ ุจุงู„ ุฃูˆ ุดู„ู„ ุงู„ุนุตุจ
1508
+
1509
+ 378
1510
+ 00:32:16,410 --> 00:32:20,430
1511
+ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน ูˆู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ upper motor neuron and lower
1512
+
1513
+ 379
1514
+ 00:32:20,430 --> 00:32:23,730
1515
+ motor neuron ุงูŠุด ุงู†ูˆุงุนู‡ู…ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฑุงุญ
1516
+
1517
+ 380
1518
+ 00:32:23,730 --> 00:32:27,630
1519
+ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู‡ุฐุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุดู„ู„ ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช
1520
+
1521
+ 381
1522
+ 00:32:27,630 --> 00:32:30,990
1523
+ ุงู„ูˆุฌู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ูŠุณุฑู‰ ููŠ ุจุงู„ุฒ ุจุงู„ุณูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ left
1524
+
1525
+ 382
1526
+ 00:32:30,990 --> 00:32:35,550
1527
+ side ู…ุด ู‚ุงุฏุฑ ูŠุบู…ุถ ุนูŠู†ู‡ drop mouth angle inability
1528
+
1529
+ 383
1530
+ 00:32:35,550 --> 00:32:40,030
1531
+ to close the eye ูƒู„ู‡ wrinkles ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ nasolabial
1532
+
1533
+ 384
1534
+ 00:32:40,030 --> 00:32:44,110
1535
+ fold ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ุญู„ูˆุฉ ู‡ู†ุง lost ู…ุด ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุดู„ู„
1536
+
1537
+ 385
1538
+ 00:32:44,110 --> 00:32:47,050
1539
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ูŠุณุฑู‰
1540
+
1541
+ 386
1542
+ 00:32:57,770 --> 00:33:01,770
1543
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดุงุจ ุจุณ ู‡ู†ุง ุนุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุดุงูŠููŠ ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ููŠ
1544
+
1545
+ 387
1546
+ 00:33:01,770 --> 00:33:05,550
1547
+ drop mouth ุนุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ูˆ ุนู†ุฏู‡ inability to close the
1548
+
1549
+ 388
1550
+ 00:33:05,550 --> 00:33:08,210
1551
+ eye ุฏุงูŠู…ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ mouth
1552
+
1553
+ 389
1554
+ 00:33:08,210 --> 00:33:11,970
1555
+ deviated ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ intact side ุงู„ mouth deviated ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ
1556
+
1557
+ 390
1558
+ 00:33:11,970 --> 00:33:15,810
1559
+ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ vaccinator muscle ูˆ
1560
+
1561
+ 391
1562
+ 00:33:15,810 --> 00:33:19,950
1563
+ ุงู„orbicularis oris muscle ู…ุชุญุฑูƒูˆุง ู‡ู†ุง ุนุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุน
1564
+
1565
+ 392
1566
+ 00:33:19,950 --> 00:33:25,090
1567
+ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ุน ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ููŠ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุนุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ููŠ drop ูŠุจู‚ู‰
1568
+
1569
+ 393
1570
+ 00:33:25,090 --> 00:33:29,600
1571
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู‡ุฐุง ุนู†ุฏู‡right side facial palsy ุงู„ .. ุงู„ ..
1572
+
1573
+ 394
1574
+ 00:33:29,600 --> 00:33:32,060
1575
+ ุงู„ mouth deviated ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ left side ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ left
1576
+
1577
+ 395
1578
+ 00:33:32,060 --> 00:33:35,380
1579
+ side intact ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ right ููŠ drop ููŠ ุงู„ mouth angle
1580
+
1581
+ 396
1582
+ 00:33:35,380 --> 00:33:39,220
1583
+ inability to close the eye ุงู„ุฃุณุทู‰ nasolabial fold
1584
+
1585
+ 397
1586
+ 00:33:39,220 --> 00:33:42,760
1587
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right ูˆูƒุงู† ููŠ ู…ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุงุฏุฉ ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ facial
1588
+
1589
+ 398
1590
+ 00:33:42,760 --> 00:33:48,990
1591
+ palsy ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ูŠู…ู†ู‰ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„
1592
+
1593
+ 399
1594
+ 00:33:48,990 --> 00:33:52,870
1595
+ ุจุงูƒุชููŠ ููŠู‡ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ cranial nerve ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน
1596
+
1597
+ 400
1598
+ 00:33:52,870 --> 00:33:55,650
1599
+ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู…ุชุจู‚ู‰ ุฅู„ูŠู†ุง ููŠ cranial nerves ุฑุงุญ
1600
+
1601
+ 401
1602
+ 00:33:55,650 --> 00:33:59,550
1603
+ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† Glossopharyngeal nerve Vegas nerve ูˆ
1604
+
1605
+ 402
1606
+ 00:33:59,550 --> 00:34:03,070
1607
+ accessory and hypoglossal nerve ู…ูˆุถูˆุน
1608
+
1609
+ 403
1610
+ 00:34:03,070 --> 00:34:06,430
1611
+ vestibulocochlear nerve ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู† ุดุงุก
1612
+
1613
+ 404
1614
+ 00:34:06,430 --> 00:34:10,770
1615
+ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ special sensation ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ sense of hearing
1616
+
1617
+ 405
1618
+ 00:34:10,770 --> 00:34:15,330
1619
+ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูƒูˆู† ุฃู†ู‡ูŠุช ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุชุจุนุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน
1620
+
1621
+ 406
1622
+ 00:34:15,330 --> 00:34:18,000
1623
+ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน ูŠุนุทูŠูƒูˆุง ุฃู„ู ุนุงููŠุฉุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠุฉ
1624
+
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@@ -0,0 +1,1286 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:04,980 --> 00:00:08,160
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:08,160 --> 00:00:12,980
7
+ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุฑุงุญ ุฃูƒูˆู† ู…ุนุงูƒู… ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ anatomy and
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:12,980 --> 00:00:17,460
11
+ physiology of the brain sim ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:17,460 --> 00:00:19,700
15
+ anatomy and physiology of the brain sim
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:23,700 --> 00:00:27,880
19
+ ุฃุฎุฐู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ morphological
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:27,880 --> 00:00:31,680
23
+ subdivisions of the brain ูˆ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุฃู† ุงู„ brain
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:31,680 --> 00:00:36,140
27
+ contains cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem ูˆ ู…ู† ุถู…ู†
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:36,140 --> 00:00:39,500
31
+ ุงู„ cerebrum ุชุญุชู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ lower part of the cerebrum
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:39,500 --> 00:00:44,200
35
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ diencephalon ุงู„ุณุฑุจุฑู… ุดุฑุญู†ุงู‡ ูˆ ุงู„ุณุฑ
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:44,200 --> 00:00:48,240
39
+ ุจูŠู„ุง ุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู†ู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ู‡ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ brain stem
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:48,240 --> 00:00:53,260
43
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฌุฏุน ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ุจุฏูˆู† brain stem ู…ุด ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู†
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:00:53,260 --> 00:00:58,060
47
+ ูŠุนูŠุด ู„ูˆ ู…ุงุช ุงู„ brain stem ู…ุงุช ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุฑุงูƒุฒ
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:00:58,060 --> 00:01:04,260
51
+ ุงู„ุญูŠูˆูŠุฉ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ brain stem ุงู„ brain stem
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:04,260 --> 00:01:11,920
55
+ located in the posterior cranial fossa in front of
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:11,920 --> 00:01:16,200
59
+ the cerebellum and for ventricle ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ brain
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:16,200 --> 00:01:20,760
63
+ stem ุฌุฏุน ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ posterior cranial fossa
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:20,760 --> 00:01:28,860
67
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃู…ุงู… ุงู„ู…ุฎูŠุฎ ูˆ ุฃู…ุงู… ุงู„ุจุทูŠู† ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน the brain
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:28,860 --> 00:01:34,120
71
+ stem formed of the following part ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† three
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:34,120 --> 00:01:42,080
75
+ parts ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุซู„ุงุซ ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ู„ูˆ ุจุฏุฃู†ุง ู…ู† ุชุญุช ู„ู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุฃูˆ
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:42,080 --> 00:01:48,480
79
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุณูู„ ู„ู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ medulla oblongata ุชุนู…ู„
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:48,480 --> 00:01:51,960
83
+ continuation with spinal cord ุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูŠ continuous
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:01:51,960 --> 00:01:55,260
87
+ with spinal cord ุจุนุฏ medulla oblongata ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:01:55,260 --> 00:02:03,080
91
+ the pons ุฌุณุฑ between the midbrain and
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:03,080 --> 00:02:08,160
95
+ medulla oblongata ูˆ ุงู„ู€ upper part is mid brain
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:08,160 --> 00:02:12,740
99
+ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ุงู„ุฃูˆุณุท ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู† ู‡ูˆ continuous ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ู…ุน ุงู„
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:12,740 --> 00:02:16,060
103
+ cerebral hemisphere ู…ุน ุงู„ cerebral hemisphere
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:16,060 --> 00:02:25,020
107
+ relations of brain stem ุงู„ brain stem ุฌุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:25,020 --> 00:02:31,020
111
+ above ู…ู† ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ midbrain is continuous with
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:31,020 --> 00:02:34,400
115
+ cerebral hemisphere ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ midbrain ููˆู‚
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:34,400 --> 00:02:38,420
119
+ continuous with ุฃูŠู‡ุŸ with cerebral hemisphere
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:38,420 --> 00:02:46,240
123
+ below ู…ู† ุชุญุช medulla oblongata continuous with ุฃูŠู‡ุŸ
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:02:46,240 --> 00:02:51,820
127
+ with spinal cord ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ุนุฑูู†ุง above ุงู„ midbrain
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:02:51,820 --> 00:02:56,640
131
+ ู…ุน ุงู„ cerebral hemisphere ุจุงู„ุฃุณูู„ medulla oblongata
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:02:56,640 --> 00:03:03,880
135
+ ุชุณุชู…ุฑ ุจุงู„ู€ A ู…ุน ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุนุตุจ posteriorly ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:03,880 --> 00:03:11,960
139
+ medulla pons ูˆ medulla ุฃุนู„ู‰ medulla ุฃูˆ upper medulla ู…ู‚ูู„ุฉ
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:13,250 --> 00:03:18,250
143
+ from cerebellum by fourth ventricle ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ุจูŠู†ุง
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:18,250 --> 00:03:24,330
147
+ fourth ventricle cavity ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠูุตู„ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ pons
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:24,330 --> 00:03:28,710
151
+ ูˆ ุงู„ upper medulla ุฃูˆ open medulla ุนู† ู…ู†ุŸ ุนู† ุงู„
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:28,710 --> 00:03:39,570
155
+ cerebellum ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ู‡ูŠ ุงู†ู‡ ูˆุงุถุญ Medulla
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:39,570 --> 00:03:40,230
159
+ oblongata
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:43,200 --> 00:03:49,120
163
+ ุชุญุช ุงู„ุณู…ูŠุฑ ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน spinal cord ู‡ุฐู‡ medulla oblongata
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:49,120 --> 00:03:56,260
167
+ ุฅู† ุฌุช ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ bones ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู†
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:56,260 --> 00:04:01,040
171
+ ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ midbrain ุงู„ midbrain continuous ุฃุนู„ู‰
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:04:01,040 --> 00:04:06,700
175
+ ู…ุน ุงู„ cerebral hemisphere ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ cavity
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:04:06,700 --> 00:04:12,660
179
+ of fourth ventricle ุจูŠุนู…ู„ separation between the
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:04:12,660 --> 00:04:18,760
183
+ pons ูˆ ุฃุจุนุงุฏ medulla ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ู„ู‡ู… separation ุนู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:18,760 --> 00:04:23,180
187
+ ุนู† ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ cerebellum ุงู„ cerebellum ุจูŠุญุฏ ุงู„
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:23,180 --> 00:04:30,820
191
+ fourth ventricle ู…ู† ุฎู„ููŠ ูˆุงุถุญ
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:30,820 --> 00:04:41,100
195
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฃูŠูˆุฉ fourth ventricle ุจูŠูุตู„ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ pons ูˆ
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:41,100 --> 00:04:48,100
199
+ upper medulla ุนู†
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:48,100 --> 00:04:56,020
203
+ ุงู„ู€ cerebellum okay ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ relations ุจุชุงุนุฉ
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:56,020 --> 00:05:00,300
207
+ brain stem relation of the brain stem
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:05:05,740 --> 00:05:10,680
211
+ What's the functions of brainstemุŸ ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠุก
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:05:10,680 --> 00:05:15,000
215
+ cardiovascular center ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒ ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ุชุญูƒู…
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:05:15,000 --> 00:05:19,840
219
+ ุจุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ brain stem ู…ุงุช brain stem ู…ุงุช ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:05:19,840 --> 00:05:25,720
223
+ ู…ุงุช ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† respiratory and cough center ุฅูŠู‡ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:05:25,720 --> 00:05:33,550
227
+ ุจู…ุฑูƒุฒ ุงู„ุชุญูƒู… ุจุงู„ุชู†ูุณ ูˆ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ูƒุญุฉุŸ ุงู„ swallowing
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:05:33,550 --> 00:05:42,390
231
+ and vomiting center ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจู„ุน ูˆ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชู‚ูŠุค
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:42,390 --> 00:05:49,790
235
+ sleep center ู…ุฑูƒุฒ ุงู„ู†ูˆู… center for eye movement
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:49,790 --> 00:05:57,050
239
+ ู…ุฑูƒุฒ ุงู„ุชุญูƒู… ุจุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู†ูŠู† reticular nuclei ููŠ
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:57,050 --> 00:05:59,870
243
+ reticular formation ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ูˆูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ brain stem
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:06:01,200 --> 00:06:05,940
247
+ alertness and consciousness ุงู„ูŠู‚ุธุฉ ูˆุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ูˆุนูŠ
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:06:05,940 --> 00:06:12,040
251
+ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ brain stem ุงู„ vestibular nuclei ูˆ
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:06:12,040 --> 00:06:17,290
255
+ ุงู„ functions ุงู„ุจุณุชูŠุจู„ุงุฑ ุงู„ conduction function ุจูŠู…ุฑ
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:06:17,290 --> 00:06:22,930
259
+ ููŠ ุงู„ brain stem ascending and descending tracts ุงู„
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:06:22,930 --> 00:06:25,470
263
+ ascending ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุจุท ุงู„ spinal cord ู…ุน ุงู„ cerebrum
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:06:25,470 --> 00:06:29,850
267
+ ูˆ descending ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุจุท ุงู„ brain ู…ุน spinal cord
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:06:29,850 --> 00:06:35,310
271
+ ูˆุฃู‡ู… ุดูŠุก ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ brain stem ุงู„ู†ูƒู„ูŠุงูŠุฉ
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:35,310 --> 00:06:45,100
275
+ cranial nerves ู†ูƒู„ูŠุงูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุฃูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุตุจ cranial
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:45,100 --> 00:06:53,300
279
+ nerve ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู„ุญุฏ cranial nerve ุงุซู†ุง ุนุดุฑ ู…ู† ุซู„ุงุซุฉ
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:53,300 --> 00:07:02,640
283
+ ู„ุงุซู†ุง ุนุดุฑ ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู† cranial nerve nucleus ุฑู‚ู…
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:07:02,640 --> 00:07:07,760
287
+ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ temporal lobe ูˆ ุฑู‚ู… ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:07:07,760 --> 00:07:14,900
291
+ ููŠ ุงู„ occipital lobe ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู† ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู„ู„ุงุซู†ุง ุนุดุฑ
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:07:14,900 --> 00:07:19,360
295
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ brain stem
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:07:23,250 --> 00:07:27,410
299
+ and it's important as extrapyramidal function ู„ุฃู†
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:07:27,410 --> 00:07:30,790
303
+ ููŠ ุงู„ brain stem ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ substantia nigra
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:07:30,790 --> 00:07:34,810
307
+ substantia nigra ุชูุฑุฒ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุญุฏุซ
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:07:34,810 --> 00:07:38,990
311
+ ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ ุฅูุฑุงุฒ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:07:38,990 --> 00:07:42,750
315
+ Parkinson ู…ุฑุถ Parkinson ุฃูˆ ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุดู„ู„ ุงู„ุฑุนุงุด
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:07:45,550 --> 00:07:51,590
319
+ vestibular reflexุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ vestibular reflexุŸ ุงู„ vestibular ู…ุฏููˆู†ุฉ
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:51,590 --> 00:07:58,270
323
+ ูƒู…ู‚ุงูˆู…ุฉ ุนุถู„ูŠุฉ ุนุถู„ูŠุฉ ู„ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุจุณุจุจ ุงู„ุถุบุทุŒ ุงู„ุขู†
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:58,270 --> 00:08:01,390
327
+ ุฃู†ุง ูˆุงู‚ูุŒ ู„ูˆ ู…ุงูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ vestibular ูƒุงู† ูˆู‚ุนุช ุฃู†ุงุŒ
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:08:01,390 --> 00:08:08,510
331
+ ู…ุงู‚ุฏุฑุด ุฃุชุฌุงูู„ุŒ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ูŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุญูƒู… ููŠ ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ู„ู„ุจุญุซ ุนู†
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:08:08,510 --> 00:08:15,670
335
+ reflex static reflex ุฃู†ุง ุงู„ุขู† ููŠ ูˆุถุน ุซุงุจุช ุฃูˆ ุฌู„ุณุช
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:08:15,670 --> 00:08:21,110
339
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูƒุฑุณูŠ ู…ุง ุฃู…ูŠู„ุด ู…ุง ุฃุฑุฌุญุด ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ static reflex
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:08:21,110 --> 00:08:26,390
343
+ maintain the balance during rest ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ุฑุงุญุฉ ุทูŠุจ
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:08:26,390 --> 00:08:31,490
347
+ ู„ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุชุญุฑูƒุช ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ static kinetic reflex maintain
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:08:31,490 --> 00:08:36,520
351
+ the balance during movement ุฃู†ุง ุชุญุฑูƒุช ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:08:36,520 --> 00:08:44,180
355
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ static-kinetic ุฃู†ุง ุฌู„ุณุช ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ static
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:08:44,180 --> 00:08:52,040
359
+ reflex ู„ุฃู†ู‘ูŠ ุฃุจุฏุฃ ุจ medulla oblongata medulla
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:08:52,040 --> 00:08:58,360
363
+ oblongata medulla oblongata is the lower part of
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:08:58,360 --> 00:09:04,930
367
+ brain stem ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุฃุฑุจุงุน ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ูŠ lower part of
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:09:04,930 --> 00:09:11,070
371
+ brainstem ุงู„ relation ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ุง medulla oblongata above
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:09:11,070 --> 00:09:17,790
375
+ continuous with pons ู…ู† ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุชุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ pons
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:09:17,790 --> 00:09:23,470
379
+ ุฃูˆ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ pons below ู…ู† ุฃุณูู„ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:09:23,470 --> 00:09:29,050
383
+ spinal cord ุชุนู…ู„ ู„ู†ุง continuation ู„ spinal cord ุชุจู‚ู‰
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:09:29,050 --> 00:09:34,010
387
+ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ู…ุน spinal cord ุนู„ู‰ ุฃูŠ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:09:34,010 --> 00:09:39,590
391
+ foramen magnum at the level of foramen magnum ุฎูŠุงู„
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:09:39,590 --> 00:09:47,470
395
+ ุฏูŠ ุทุจ ู‡ูŠ ู†ูุณู‡ุง ู…ุง ุจู…ุดูŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ู‚ุจู„ ุฅู† ุฌุช ุนู„ู‰
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:09:47,470 --> 00:09:54,860
399
+ ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝุฌุฏ ุงู„ุชุฑูƒุงุช Medulla Oblongata ู‚ู„ู†ุง below ุชุญุช ู…ุน
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:09:54,860 --> 00:10:02,840
403
+ spinal cord ู…ู† ุฃุนู„ู‰ ููˆู‚ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ pons ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:10:02,840 --> 00:10:07,080
407
+ Medulla Oblongata ุงู„ู€ Medulla Oblongata ุจุชุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู†
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:10:07,080 --> 00:10:14,820
411
+ ุฌุฒุฆูŠู† ุฌุฒุก
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:10:14,820 --> 00:10:17,140
415
+ ุนู„ูˆูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:10:18,500 --> 00:10:25,020
419
+ open ูุงุชุญ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ fourth ventricle ูˆุฌุฒุก ุณูู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:10:25,020 --> 00:10:28,660
423
+ closed ู…ุง ู„ูˆุด ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ fourth ventricle ูŠู…ูƒู† ู‡ุฐุง
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:10:28,660 --> 00:10:34,100
427
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง open medulla
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:10:34,100 --> 00:10:42,080
431
+ ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง closed medulla ุงู„ open medulla ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:10:42,080 --> 00:10:47,960
435
+ upper part ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุนู„ูˆูŠ ูˆ medulla ู…ู‚ูู„ุฉ ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง lower
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:10:47,960 --> 00:10:53,440
439
+ part ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉ relation of medulla oblongata ุฃุณูู„
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:10:53,440 --> 00:10:59,200
443
+ ุชุญุช spinal cord ุฃุนู„ู‰ pons ุทุจ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุถูŠููˆุง ูƒู…ุงู†
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:10:59,200 --> 00:11:06,260
447
+ ุญุงุฌุฉ posterior ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู open
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:11:06,260 --> 00:11:09,720
451
+ medulla ุจูŠุญุฏู‡ุง ุงู„ fourth ventricle ุจูŠูุตู„ู‡ุง ุนู† ู…ู†ุŸ ุนู†
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:11:09,720 --> 00:11:10,480
455
+ ุงู„ cerebellum
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:11:13,310 --> 00:11:19,230
459
+ Okay ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏูŠ lower spinal cord above pons ู…ู†
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:11:19,230 --> 00:11:23,330
463
+ ุงู„ุฎู„ู ุงู„ cerebellum ูˆ ุงู„ fourth ventricle ุจูŠุญุฏ ู…ูŠู†
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:11:23,330 --> 00:11:27,870
467
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ upper part ุฃูˆ open medulla
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:11:32,670 --> 00:11:37,090
471
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ medulla oblongata ุจุณ ู‡ุฐูŠ anti-review ู„ูŠุด ู‚ู„ู†ุง
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:11:37,090 --> 00:11:42,170
475
+ anti-reviewุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ ventricle ุงู„ fourth ventricle
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:11:42,170 --> 00:11:49,030
479
+ ู…ุด ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ fourth ventricle ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ุฎู„ู ู‡ุฐู‡
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:11:49,030 --> 00:11:59,130
483
+ ุงู„ medulla oblongata ุชุญุช
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:11:59,130 --> 00:12:07,360
487
+ spinal cord ููˆู‚ pons ู‡ุฐู‡ medulla oblongata ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:12:07,360 --> 00:12:13,500
491
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ cerebellum ูˆ ุงู„ fourth ventricle ุจูŠูุตู„ู‘ู‡ู…
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:12:13,500 --> 00:12:26,940
495
+ ุนู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ open medulla ุฃูˆ ุงู„ upper medulla ู†ูƒู…ู„
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:12:28,350 --> 00:12:31,690
499
+ ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุงู„ medulla oblongata ุฃู†ุง ุดุฑุญุชู‡ู… ุดุฑุญุช ู„ูƒู… ุฅูŠุงู‡ู…
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:12:31,690 --> 00:12:36,610
503
+ part of the medulla oblongata ุงู„ medulla oblongata
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:12:36,610 --> 00:12:45,210
507
+ ุฅู„ู‡ุง ุฌุฒุฆูŠู† ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุงุณู…ู‡ closed medulla ุงู„ุฌุฒุก
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:12:45,210 --> 00:12:49,990
511
+ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ open medulla ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุณู…ูŠู‡ู… ุดูŠุก ุซุงู†ูŠุŸ ู…ู…ูƒู†
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:12:49,990 --> 00:12:56,770
515
+ ุงู„ closed medulla ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุณู…ูŠู‡ lower medulla ูˆ open
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:12:56,770 --> 00:13:01,030
519
+ medulla ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง upper medulla ู„ูŠู‡ ุณู…ูŠุชู‡ุง open
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:13:01,030 --> 00:13:02,590
523
+ medullaุŸ
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:13:05,570 --> 00:13:10,130
527
+ opens into the fourth ventricle ูุชุญุฉ ุจูŠุญุฏู‡ุง ู…ู†
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:13:10,130 --> 00:13:14,330
531
+ ุงู„ุฎู„ู fourth ventricle ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุณู…ูŠู†ุงู‡ุง ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ open
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:13:14,330 --> 00:13:18,550
535
+ medulla ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ open medulla ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ upper part ุฃูˆ
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:13:18,550 --> 00:13:21,890
539
+ ุงู„ upper half of the medulla oblongata ุงู„ุฌุฒุก
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:13:21,890 --> 00:13:25,030
543
+ ุงู„ุนู„ูˆูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ medulla oblongata ุณู…ูŠู†ุงู‡ุง open medulla
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:13:25,030 --> 00:13:28,690
547
+ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูุงุชุญุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ fourth ventricle ุนู„ู‰
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:13:28,690 --> 00:13:33,510
551
+ ุงู„ุจุทูŠู† ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ุงู„ closed medulla ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:13:33,510 --> 00:13:36,790
555
+ lower half of the medulla ุฃูˆ lower part of the
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:13:36,790 --> 00:13:40,450
559
+ medulla ุณู…ูˆู‡ุง closed medulla ู„ุฃู†ู‘ู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ุง
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:13:40,450 --> 00:13:46,630
563
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ central canal ูˆ ู‡ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† closed
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:13:46,630 --> 00:13:51,050
567
+ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ fourth ventricle ู…ุง ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูุงุชุญุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:13:51,050 --> 00:13:53,910
571
+ fourth ventricle ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุณู…ูˆู‡ุง closed medulla
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:13:55,400 --> 00:14:01,600
575
+ continuous with spinal cord .. central canal ูŠุจู‚ู‰
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:14:01,600 --> 00:14:05,120
579
+ ู„ูˆ ุณุฃู„ูƒูˆุง ุณุคุงู„ ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนุงู…ู„ continuous with
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:14:05,120 --> 00:14:07,700
583
+ spinal cordุŸ ุงู„ open medulla ูˆู„ุง ุงู„ closed medullaุŸ
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:14:07,700 --> 00:14:10,680
587
+ ุฑุงุญ ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ closed medulla ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ central
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:14:10,680 --> 00:14:14,140
591
+ spinal canalุŸ ุงู„ open medulla ูˆู„ุง ุงู„ closed medullaุŸ
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:14:14,140 --> 00:14:15,700
595
+ ุฑุงุญ ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ closed medulla
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:14:19,710 --> 00:14:22,630
599
+ ู‡ุฐุง posterior view ู‡ุฐุง posterior view ู„ุฃู†
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:14:22,630 --> 00:14:29,630
603
+ ุงู„ cerebellum ููŠ ุงู„ุฎู„ู ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ medulla
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:14:29,630 --> 00:14:38,110
607
+ oblongata ุฅู„ู‡ุง ุฌุฒุฆูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง open medulla ูˆู‡ุฐุง closed
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:14:38,110 --> 00:14:42,650
611
+ medulla ู„ูŠู‡ ู‡ุฐุง open medulla ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ูุงุชุญุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู†
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:14:42,650 --> 00:14:45,810
615
+ ุนูˆูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ fourth ventricle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ pons
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:14:48,840 --> 00:14:52,820
619
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุนู„ูˆูŠ ุงู„ upper part open ุงู„ lower part
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:14:52,820 --> 00:14:58,360
623
+ closed ุงู„ุขู†
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:14:58,360 --> 00:15:03,540
627
+ ุจู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ external features of medulla oblongata
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:15:03,540 --> 00:15:06,200
631
+ external features of medulla oblongata
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:15:06,200 --> 00:15:10,260
635
+ anterolateral surface
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:15:11,640 --> 00:15:15,500
639
+ ููŠู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† anterior median fissure ุงู„ anterior median
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:15:15,500 --> 00:15:19,360
643
+ fissure ุฑุงุญ ูŠู‚ุณู… ุงู„ medulla oblongata ู„ right side
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:15:19,360 --> 00:15:24,140
647
+ ูˆ left side ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงุซู†ูŠู† pyramids ุงู„ pyramids
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:15:24,140 --> 00:15:28,020
651
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู† ุฃูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… corticospinal tract
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:15:28,020 --> 00:15:32,700
655
+ ุงู„ fibers ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ fibers ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุฅูŠู‡
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:15:32,700 --> 00:15:37,860
659
+ ุงู„ motor functions Pyramidal decussation Pyramidal
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:15:37,860 --> 00:15:44,220
663
+ decussation Pyramidal decussation Pyramidal
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:15:44,220 --> 00:15:44,760
667
+ decussation Pyramidal decussation Pyramidal
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:15:44,760 --> 00:15:44,980
671
+ decussation Pyramidal decussation Pyramidal
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:15:44,980 --> 00:15:48,070
675
+ decussation ูˆ ุงู„ left ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ูŠุณุฑู‰ ู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ูŠู…ู†ู‰
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:15:48,070 --> 00:15:51,670
679
+ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ decussation ุฃูˆ crossing ู„ุฅู„ู‡ู… ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ู„ูˆ
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:15:51,670 --> 00:15:55,010
683
+ ุตุงุฑ ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ููŠ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุงู„ุดู„ู„ ููŠ
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:15:55,010 --> 00:15:57,930
687
+ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:15:57,930 --> 00:16:01,470
691
+ ุงู„ุดู„ู„ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ูŠู…ู†ู‰ ุนุดุงู† ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:16:01,470 --> 00:16:07,070
695
+ crossing ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุญุฏุซ ูˆ ููŠ anterior lateral sulcus
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:16:10,550 --> 00:16:14,550
699
+ ูˆ ููŠ posterior lateral sulcus right and left ููŠ ุงู„
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:16:14,550 --> 00:16:18,730
703
+ anterior lateral sulcus ุจูŠู…ุฑ ุฅุญู†ุง ู…ุชุฐูƒุฑูŠู† ู„ู…ุง
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:16:18,730 --> 00:16:22,190
707
+ ุดุฑุญู†ุง ู„ูƒู… ุงู„ cranial nerves ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุงุซู†ูŠู†
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:16:22,190 --> 00:16:26,070
711
+ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง cerebral hemisphere
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:16:26,070 --> 00:16:31,170
715
+ ูˆ ุงู„ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุจุนุฏู‡ู… midbrain ูˆ ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุจุนุฏู‡ู… pons
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:16:31,170 --> 00:16:36,870
719
+ ูˆ ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑูŠู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ medulla
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:16:36,870 --> 00:16:43,060
723
+ oblongata ู„ ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุน ุงู„ุขุฎุฑูŠู† ู‡ู… ู…ู†ุŸ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:16:43,060 --> 00:16:49,840
727
+ glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory and hypoglossal
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:16:49,840 --> 00:16:52,980
731
+ nerve ู‚ู„ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ medulla oblongata ุฃู†ุง ู‡ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:16:52,980 --> 00:16:57,120
735
+ ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุน ุฃุนุตุงุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… glossopharyngeal nerve, vagus
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:16:57,120 --> 00:17:01,040
739
+ nerve, accessory and hypoglossal nerve ููŠ ุงู„
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:17:01,040 --> 00:17:04,860
743
+ anterior lateral surface ู‚ู„ู†ุง ููŠ anterior lateral
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:17:04,860 --> 00:17:08,790
747
+ sulcus right and left ุฃูˆ sulci ููŠ ุงู„ anterolateral
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:17:08,790 --> 00:17:12,150
751
+ sulcus membrane ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฃูˆ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:17:12,150 --> 00:17:16,070
755
+ hypoglossal nerve ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุนุดุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ posterior
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:17:16,070 --> 00:17:2
759
+
760
+ 201
761
+ 00:18:15,530 --> 00:18:19,490
762
+ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ูƒู…ุงู† ุงู„ู€ Anterior Surface of Medulla
763
+
764
+ 202
765
+ 00:18:19,490 --> 00:18:22,290
766
+ Oblongata ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Anterior Surface of Medulla
767
+
768
+ 203
769
+ 00:18:22,290 --> 00:18:27,930
770
+ Oblongata ููŠ ุนู† Anterior Median fissure ููŠ Anterior
771
+
772
+ 204
773
+ 00:18:27,930 --> 00:18:30,590
774
+ Lateral Sulcus ูˆ ููŠ Posterior Lateral Sulcus ู†ูุณ
775
+
776
+ 205
777
+ 00:18:30,590 --> 00:18:33,090
778
+ ุงู„ุดูŠุก Anterior Lateral Sulcus ูˆ Posterior Lateral
779
+
780
+ 206
781
+ 00:18:33,090 --> 00:18:37,470
782
+ Sulcus ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ lower part of Medulla ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง
783
+
784
+ 207
785
+ 00:18:37,470 --> 00:18:41,230
786
+ Pyramidal Decussation Pyramidal Decussation ู‡ุฐู‡
787
+
788
+ 208
789
+ 00:18:41,230 --> 00:18:46,420
790
+ Pyramids left right ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ูŠู ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€
791
+
792
+ 209
793
+ 00:18:46,420 --> 00:18:50,100
794
+ extrapyramidal ู‡ุงู† ุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ anterolateral sulcus
795
+
796
+ 210
797
+ 00:18:50,100 --> 00:18:55,220
798
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุนุดุฑ ุงุชู†ุงุด ุทูŠุจ ู…ู† ุงู„
799
+
800
+ 211
801
+ 00:18:55,220 --> 00:18:59,460
802
+ posterolateral ุจุฎุฑุฌ glossopharyngeal vagus ูˆ
803
+
804
+ 212
805
+ 00:18:59,460 --> 00:19:04,300
806
+ accessory nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน ูˆ ุงู„ุนุงุดุฑ ูˆ ุงู„ุญุงุฏูŠ ุนุดุฑ
807
+
808
+ 213
809
+ 00:19:04,300 --> 00:19:07,840
810
+ cranial accessory ุฃุฏู‚ cranial accessory nerve
811
+
812
+ 214
813
+ 00:19:14,000 --> 00:19:17,020
814
+ ุงู„ู€ posterior surface ุดุฑุญู†ุง ุงู„ู€ anterior surface
815
+
816
+ 215
817
+ 00:19:17,020 --> 00:19:21,440
818
+ of Medulla Oblongata ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ posterior surface of
819
+
820
+ 216
821
+ 00:19:21,440 --> 00:19:24,640
822
+ Medulla Oblongata ู‡ู„ ุงู„ posterior surface of Medulla
823
+
824
+ 217
825
+ 00:19:24,640 --> 00:19:30,400
826
+ Oblongata ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ ุฌุณู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ุฃ open Medulla ูˆ close
827
+
828
+ 218
829
+ 00:19:30,400 --> 00:19:34,160
830
+ Medulla ุทุจ ู„ูŠุด ู…ุงุนู…ู„ุชุด ุงู„ุฌุณู… ู‡ุฐู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ anterior
831
+
832
+ 219
833
+ 00:19:34,160 --> 00:19:37,780
834
+ surfaceุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ุงููŠุด fourth ventricle ูˆู…ุงุจู†ู‚ุณู…ุด
835
+
836
+ 220
837
+ 00:19:37,780 --> 00:19:41,440
838
+ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏูˆุงู„ุง ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชู‡ ู„ุฃ open ูˆ closed ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู…ุŒ
839
+
840
+ 221
841
+ 00:19:41,440 --> 00:19:45,320
842
+ ุจู†ุฌุณู… ู…ู† ุฎู„ูุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ fourth ventricle
843
+
844
+ 222
845
+ 00:19:45,320 --> 00:19:49,560
846
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ the posterior surface of the upper half ุฃูˆ ุงู„
847
+
848
+ 223
849
+ 00:19:49,560 --> 00:19:54,220
850
+ open Medulla ููŠ ู‡ู†ุง posterior median fissure ุจุชู‚ุณู… ู„
851
+
852
+ 224
853
+ 00:19:54,220 --> 00:19:59,270
854
+ right left hypoglossal triangle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู€
855
+
856
+ 225
857
+ 00:19:59,270 --> 00:20:00,990
858
+ hypoglossal ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ุง hypoglossal nuclei ุฃูˆ
859
+
860
+ 226
861
+ 00:20:00,990 --> 00:20:04,270
862
+ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง hypoglossal nerve Vestibular trigon ุงู„ู„ูŠ
863
+
864
+ 227
865
+ 00:20:04,270 --> 00:20:07,030
866
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ุง vestibular nuclei ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง vestibular
867
+
868
+ 228
869
+ 00:20:07,030 --> 00:20:12,970
870
+ nerve ูˆ ููŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ vagal trigon ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง
871
+
872
+ 229
873
+ 00:20:12,970 --> 00:20:15,690
874
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ู€
875
+
876
+ 230
877
+ 00:20:15,690 --> 00:20:21,450
878
+ vagus nerve ูˆ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง vagus nerve ุทูŠุจ ููŠ ุงู„ lower
879
+
880
+ 231
881
+ 00:20:21,450 --> 00:20:25,900
882
+ half ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ closed Medulla ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู…ุชุฏุงุฏ
883
+
884
+ 232
885
+ 00:20:25,900 --> 00:20:28,820
886
+ posteromedian fissure ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู‚ุณู… ู…ู† ูŠู…ูŠู† ู„ุดู…ุงู„
887
+
888
+ 233
889
+ 00:20:28,820 --> 00:20:34,500
890
+ ูˆุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฌุฑุงุณูŠู„ ุชุฑุงูƒุช ูˆ ุฌุฑุงุณูŠู„ ุฃูˆ ู‚ู†ูˆุงุช ุฌุฑุงุณูŠู„ ุฃูˆ
891
+
892
+ 234
893
+ 00:20:34,500 --> 00:20:38,520
894
+ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆ ุฌุฑุงุณูŠู„ ุชูˆุจูŠุฑูƒู„ ูˆ ู‚ู†ูˆุงุช ุชูˆุจูŠุฑูƒู„ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
895
+
896
+ 235
897
+ 00:20:38,520 --> 00:20:42,460
898
+ ุฌุฑุงุณูŠู„ ุชุฑุงูƒุช ูˆ ู‚ู†ูˆุงุช ุฌุฑุงุณูŠู„ ุฃูˆ ุชูˆุจูŠุฑูƒู„ ุงู„ุฌุฑุงุณูŠู„
899
+
900
+ 236
901
+ 00:20:42,460 --> 00:20:46,310
902
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† medial ูˆ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ lower half of the body
903
+
904
+ 237
905
+ 00:20:46,310 --> 00:20:51,230
906
+ ูˆ ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ูŠุช ุจูŠูƒูˆู† lateral ูˆ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู† ุงู„ upper
907
+
908
+ 238
909
+ 00:20:51,230 --> 00:20:54,850
910
+ half of the body ุจุฏู‡ู… ูŠุณู„ู…ูˆุง ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ุฌุฑุงุณูŠู„
911
+
912
+ 239
913
+ 00:20:54,850 --> 00:20:58,970
914
+ ูˆูƒูˆู†ูŠุช ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู† ุงู„ deep
915
+
916
+ 240
917
+ 00:20:58,970 --> 00:21:02,010
918
+ sensation ูˆุงู„ู€ fine touch ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุตุงุฑ damage
919
+
920
+ 241
921
+ 00:21:02,010 --> 00:21:05,910
922
+ ู„ุฌุฑุงุณูŠู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ loss of deep sensation
923
+
924
+ 242
925
+ 00:21:05,910 --> 00:21:08,410
926
+ and fine touch ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุจุณ ููŠ ุงู„
927
+
928
+ 243
929
+ 00:21:08,410 --> 00:21:11,870
930
+ lower half of the body ู„ูˆ ุตุงุฑ damage ู„ู„ูƒู†ูŠุช ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ
931
+
932
+ 244
933
+ 00:21:11,870 --> 00:21:14,590
934
+ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ loss of deep sensation and fine
935
+
936
+ 245
937
+ 00:21:14,590 --> 00:21:20,490
938
+ touch ุจุณ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ upper limb ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ
939
+
940
+ 246
941
+ 00:21:20,490 --> 00:21:23,230
942
+ ุงู„ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ุฏูŠ Medulla oblongata
943
+
944
+ 247
945
+ 00:21:30,480 --> 00:21:37,580
946
+ ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุนู„ูˆูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ open Medulla ูˆู‡ุณูˆู ู„ูŠู‡
947
+
948
+ 248
949
+ 00:21:37,580 --> 00:21:41,880
950
+ closed Medulla ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุนู„ูˆูŠ ูˆุงุถุนู†ุง ุงู„ posterior
951
+
952
+ 249
953
+ 00:21:41,880 --> 00:21:49,260
954
+ median fissure ุจูŠู‚ุณู… ู„ู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ูˆ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ููŠู‡ ู‡ู†ุง vegal
955
+
956
+ 250
957
+ 00:21:49,260 --> 00:21:55,740
958
+ trigon ู„ู„ู€ vagus nerve ููŠ hypoglossal trigon ู„ุงู„ู„ูŠ
959
+
960
+ 251
961
+ 00:21:55,740 --> 00:21:59,880
962
+ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ hypoglossal nerve ููŠ vestibular trigon ู‡ูŠ
963
+
964
+ 252
965
+ 00:21:59,880 --> 00:22:02,780
966
+ ุจุชู…ุชุฏ ุงู„ vestibular trigon ููŠ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู†ู‡ุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ
967
+
968
+ 253
969
+ 00:22:02,780 --> 00:22:07,440
970
+ ุงู„ู€ pons ูˆุฌุฒุก ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ูˆูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏูˆุงู„ุง ุฃูˆ
971
+
972
+ 254
973
+ 00:22:07,440 --> 00:22:10,900
974
+ ุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ุจู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ close Medulla ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ููŠู‡ุง ุฃู†ุง
975
+
976
+ 255
977
+ 00:22:10,900 --> 00:22:15,960
978
+ ุงูŠู‡ posterior median fissure ููŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ูˆุงุถุญ
979
+
980
+ 256
981
+ 00:22:15,960 --> 00:22:19,920
982
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ lateral cuneate tract
983
+
984
+ 257
985
+ 00:22:21,800 --> 00:22:25,580
986
+ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Medial ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฌุฑุงุณูŠู„ ุชุฑุงูƒุช ุจูŠุณู„ู…ูˆู†ุง
987
+
988
+ 258
989
+ 00:22:25,580 --> 00:22:30,360
990
+ ู„ู„ ูƒูˆู†ูŠุช tubercle ูˆ ุฌุฑุงุณูŠู„ tubercle ูˆ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ูŠุช
991
+
992
+ 259
993
+ 00:22:30,360 --> 00:22:34,080
994
+ tubercle ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ูŠุช nucleus ูˆุฏุงุฎู„ ุฌุฑุงุณูŠู„
995
+
996
+ 260
997
+ 00:22:34,080 --> 00:22:38,800
998
+ ุชุฑุงูƒุช ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฌุฑุงุณูŠู„ nucleus ูˆ ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ูŠุช more lateral
999
+
1000
+ 261
1001
+ 00:22:38,800 --> 00:22:42,380
1002
+ ูˆ ุฌุฑุงุณูŠู„ more medial ูˆ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ุงู„ deep
1003
+
1004
+ 262
1005
+ 00:22:42,380 --> 00:22:45,820
1006
+ sensation fine touch ุฌุฑุงุณูŠู„ ู„ู„ lower half of
1007
+
1008
+ 263
1009
+ 00:22:45,820 --> 00:22:49,080
1010
+ the body ูˆูƒูˆู†ูŠุช ู„ู„ upper half of the body
1011
+
1012
+ 264
1013
+ 00:22:58,010 --> 00:23:02,510
1014
+ ุขุฎุฑ ุฌุฒุฆูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุขุฎุฑ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุจุชุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„
1015
+
1016
+ 265
1017
+ 00:23:02,510 --> 00:23:05,570
1018
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ Internal Structure of Medulla
1019
+
1020
+ 266
1021
+ 00:23:05,570 --> 00:23:09,370
1022
+ Oblongata ุจุชุฎู„ุต ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน Medulla Oblongata ุงู„ู€
1023
+
1024
+ 267
1025
+ 00:23:09,370 --> 00:23:13,550
1026
+ internal structure of Medulla Oblongata ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู€
1027
+
1028
+ 268
1029
+ 00:23:13,550 --> 00:23:18,410
1030
+ nuclei ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุฌุฑุงุณูŠู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุฌุฑุงุณูŠู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
1031
+
1032
+ 269
1033
+ 00:23:18,410 --> 00:23:21,830
1034
+ ุฌุฑุงุณูŠู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู‚ู„ู†ุง medial ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† deep
1035
+
1036
+ 270
1037
+ 00:23:21,830 --> 00:23:25,170
1038
+ sensation ุฃูˆ proprioception proprioception ู‡ูˆ deep
1039
+
1040
+ 271
1041
+ 00:23:25,170 --> 00:23:29,600
1042
+ sensation and fine touch from the lower half of the
1043
+
1044
+ 272
1045
+ 00:23:29,600 --> 00:23:33,980
1046
+ body ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ูŠุช ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุจุชูƒูˆู† lateral ูˆู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„
1047
+
1048
+ 273
1049
+ 00:23:33,980 --> 00:23:37,000
1050
+ proprioception ุฃูˆ deep sensation ูˆ find touch
1051
+
1052
+ 274
1053
+ 00:23:37,000 --> 00:23:40,620
1054
+ from the upper half of the body ููŠ ุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡
1055
+
1056
+ 275
1057
+ 00:23:40,620 --> 00:23:43,340
1058
+ inferior olivary nucleus ู…ุด ุฏู‡ ุฃู‡ู…ูŠุฉ ูƒุซูŠุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1059
+
1060
+ 276
1061
+ 00:23:43,340 --> 00:23:46,570
1062
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ extrapyramidal function ููŠ inferior
1063
+
1064
+ 277
1065
+ 00:23:46,570 --> 00:23:49,710
1066
+ salivary nucleus ุฑุงุญ ู†ุงุฎุฏู‡ุง ู…ุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1067
+
1068
+ 278
1069
+ 00:23:49,710 --> 00:23:53,350
1070
+ glossopharyngeal nerve ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง parasympathetic
1071
+
1072
+ 279
1073
+ 00:23:53,350 --> 00:23:58,110
1074
+ fibers ู„ glossopharyngeal nerve ู…ุณุคูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† parotid
1075
+
1076
+ 280
1077
+ 00:23:58,110 --> 00:24:01,330
1078
+ gland for production of saliva
1079
+
1080
+ 281
1081
+ 00:24:03,910 --> 00:24:06,930
1082
+ ููŠ spinal descending nucleus of trigeminal nerve
1083
+
1084
+ 282
1085
+ 00:24:06,930 --> 00:24:10,910
1086
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฎุงู…ุณ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„
1087
+
1088
+ 283
1089
+ 00:24:10,910 --> 00:24:14,990
1090
+ pain ูˆ ุงู„ temperature sensation ู‡ูŠ ุจุชู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ pons
1091
+
1092
+ 284
1093
+ 00:24:14,990 --> 00:24:18,410
1094
+ medulla oblongata ูˆ ุจุชู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ upper part of
1095
+
1096
+ 285
1097
+ 00:24:18,410 --> 00:24:24,240
1098
+ spinal cord ู…ู† C1 ู„ C4 ูˆ C5 ููŠ solitary nucleus
1099
+
1100
+ 286
1101
+ 00:24:24,240 --> 00:24:28,560
1102
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ general sensation and taste
1103
+
1104
+ 287
1105
+ 00:24:28,560 --> 00:24:32,940
1106
+ sensation ู„ู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน ูˆุงู„ุชุงุณุน ูˆุงู„ุนุงุดุฑ ู„ facial
1107
+
1108
+ 288
1109
+ 00:24:32,940 --> 00:24:36,940
1110
+ nerve ูˆ glossopharyngeal nerve ูˆ vagus nerve ููŠ
1111
+
1112
+ 289
1113
+ 00:24:36,940 --> 00:24:40,940
1114
+ nucleus ambiguus ู‡ุฐูŠ motor nucleus ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ
1115
+
1116
+ 290
1117
+ 00:24:40,940 --> 00:24:44,800
1118
+ ุจุงู„ somatic motor ุจุชุบุฐูŠ ุงู„ skeletal muscles ุจุชุงุนุฉ
1119
+
1120
+ 291
1121
+ 00:24:44,800 --> 00:24:49,480
1122
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ glossopharyngeal nerve ูˆ vagus nerve
1123
+
1124
+ 292
1125
+ 00:24:49,480 --> 00:24:54,040
1126
+ ูˆ cranial accessory nerve ููŠ Dorsal nucleus of vagus
1127
+
1128
+ 293
1129
+ 00:24:54,040 --> 00:24:58,260
1130
+ nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ parasympathetic function of
1131
+
1132
+ 294
1133
+ 00:24:58,260 --> 00:25:01,880
1134
+ the vagus nerve it is the most important
1135
+
1136
+ 295
1137
+ 00:25:01,880 --> 00:25:06,880
1138
+ parasympathetic nucleus in the body ูˆ hypoglossal
1139
+
1140
+ 296
1141
+ 00:25:06,880 --> 00:25:10,720
1142
+ nucleus ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ hypoglossal nerve which
1143
+
1144
+ 297
1145
+ 00:25:10,720 --> 00:25:16,200
1146
+ supply the internal and external muscles of the
1147
+
1148
+ 298
1149
+ 00:25:16,200 --> 00:25:21,730
1150
+ tongue ุชุนุทูŠ fibers ู„ hypoglossal nerve ูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
1151
+
1152
+ 299
1153
+ 00:25:21,730 --> 00:25:26,350
1154
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ู€ Dorsal Nucleus of VagusุŒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
1155
+
1156
+ 300
1157
+ 00:25:26,350 --> 00:25:29,310
1158
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุงู„ู€ Ambiguous Nucleus ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ Motor Nucleus
1159
+
1160
+ 301
1161
+ 00:25:29,310 --> 00:25:32,870
1162
+ ูˆ ูˆุงุถุญ ุนู†ุฏ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Nucleus ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡
1163
+
1164
+ 302
1165
+ 00:25:32,870 --> 00:25:36,330
1166
+ ู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ Principal Trigeminal Nucleus
1167
+
1168
+ 303
1169
+ 00:25:36,330 --> 00:25:40,630
1170
+ ุฃูˆ ุงุณู… ุซุงู†ูŠ ู„ู‡ุง Descending Spinal Nucleus of
1171
+
1172
+ 304
1173
+ 00:25:40,630 --> 00:25:43,390
1174
+ trigeminal nerve for pain and temperature
1175
+
1176
+ 305
1177
+ 00:25:43,390 --> 00:25:47,210
1178
+ sensation ุจุชู…ุฑุด ู„ุงุญุธ ููŠ ุงู„ pons ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏูˆุงู„ุง
1179
+
1180
+ 306
1181
+ 00:25:47,210 --> 00:25:52,570
1182
+ ุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ูˆููŠ ุงู„ upper part of spinal cord ููŠ
1183
+
1184
+ 307
1185
+ 00:25:52,570 --> 00:25:55,710
1186
+ nucleus solitarius ุฃูˆ solitary nucleus for
1187
+
1188
+ 308
1189
+ 00:25:55,710 --> 00:25:59,450
1190
+ general sensation and taste sensation ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุนุตุจ
1191
+
1192
+ 309
1193
+ 00:25:59,450 --> 00:26:04,950
1194
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน facial ุงู„ุชุงุณุน glossopharyngeal ูˆ vagus
1195
+
1196
+ 310
1197
+ 00:26:04,950 --> 00:26:09,140
1198
+ nerve ุงู„ุนุงุดุฑ ูˆ ููŠู‡ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ hypoglossal
1199
+
1200
+ 311
1201
+ 00:26:09,140 --> 00:26:15,060
1202
+ nerveุŒ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ media ูˆ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง motor fibers which
1203
+
1204
+ 312
1205
+ 00:26:15,060 --> 00:26:22,180
1206
+ supply the internal and external muscles of the
1207
+
1208
+ 313
1209
+ 00:26:22,180 --> 00:26:22,620
1210
+ tongue
1211
+
1212
+ 314
1213
+ 00:26:25,540 --> 00:26:28,940
1214
+ ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ corticospinal tract ูƒูŠู ุจูŠุนู…ู„
1215
+
1216
+ 315
1217
+ 00:26:28,940 --> 00:26:31,340
1218
+ ุงู„ crossingุŒ ุงู„ left ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ู„ู„ right ูˆ ุงู„ right
1219
+
1220
+ 316
1221
+ 00:26:31,340 --> 00:26:33,740
1222
+ ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ู„ู„ leftุŒ ู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ crossing ู„ู€ fibersุŒ
1223
+
1224
+ 317
1225
+ 00:26:33,740 --> 00:26:37,480
1226
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ medial lemniscus ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ deep
1227
+
1228
+ 318
1229
+ 00:26:37,480 --> 00:26:43,740
1230
+ sensation ุดุฑุญู†ุงู‡ุง ููŠ deep sensation ุงู„ู€ cuneate
1231
+
1232
+ 319
1233
+ 00:26:43,740 --> 00:26:48,480
1234
+ nuclei ุจุชูƒูˆู† more lateral ูˆ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ deep
1235
+
1236
+ 320
1237
+ 00:26:48,480 --> 00:26:51,520
1238
+ sensation fine touch of the upper part of the body
1239
+
1240
+ 321
1241
+ 00:26:51,520 --> 00:26:56,420
1242
+ ุฌุฑุงุณูŠู„ ู†ูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ deep sensation ูˆ ุงู„
1243
+
1244
+ 322
1245
+ 00:26:56,420 --> 00:27:00,400
1246
+ fine touch from the lower part of the body ู‡ุฐูŠ
1247
+
1248
+ 323
1249
+ 00:27:00,400 --> 00:27:06,380
1250
+ hypoglossal nucleus ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ pyramidal fibers ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง
1251
+
1252
+ 324
1253
+ 00:27:06,380 --> 00:27:09,280
1254
+ crossing ุนู„ู‰ ููŠ ุงู„ lower part of Medulla ุฃูˆ
1255
+
1256
+ 325
1257
+ 00:27:09,280 --> 00:27:11,940
1258
+ ุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ุงู„ left ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ู„ู„ right ูˆ ุงู„ right ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ
1259
+
1260
+ 326
1261
+ 00:27:11,940 --> 00:27:16,160
1262
+ ู„ู„ left ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ pyramidal
1263
+
1264
+ 327
1265
+ 00:27:16,160 --> 00:27:20,460
1266
+ decussation ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุฌุฑุงุณูŠู„ medial ูˆ ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ูŠุช lateral
1267
+
1268
+ 328
1269
+ 00:27:20,460 --> 00:27:29,140
1270
+ okay ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ olivary nucleus ุงู„ nucleus ambiguus ูˆ
1271
+
1272
+ 329
1273
+ 00:27:29,140 --> 00:27:34,870
1274
+ ูƒุฐุง ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ุงู† ุจูƒููŠ ุงู„ุขู† ุงุชุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
1275
+
1276
+ 330
1277
+ 00:27:34,870 --> 00:27:37,750
1278
+ Anatomy and Physiology of the Pons Anatomy and
1279
+
1280
+ 331
1281
+ 00:27:37,750 --> 00:27:41,770
1282
+ Physiology of the Midbrain ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุงู„ู ุนุงููŠุฉ ูˆ
1283
+
1284
+ 332
1285
+ 00:27:41,770 --> 00:27:45,090
1286
+ ุฏู…ุชู… ุจุฎูŠุฑ ู‡ุฐุง ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/KC7cRucLKTU_postprocess.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,1328 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:04,980 --> 00:00:08,160
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:08,160 --> 00:00:12,980
7
+ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุฑุงุญ ุฃูƒูˆู† ู…ุนุงูƒู… ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ anatomy and
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:12,980 --> 00:00:17,460
11
+ physiology of the brain sim ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:17,460 --> 00:00:19,700
15
+ anatomy and physiology of the brain sim
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:23,700 --> 00:00:27,880
19
+ ุงุฎุฏู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ morphological
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:27,880 --> 00:00:31,680
23
+ subdivisions of the brain ูˆ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุงู† ุงู„ brain
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:31,680 --> 00:00:36,140
27
+ contains cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem ูˆ ู…ู† ุถู…ู†
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:36,140 --> 00:00:39,500
31
+ ุงู„ cerebrum ุชุญุชู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ lower part of the cerebrum
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:39,500 --> 00:00:44,200
35
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ diencephalonุงู„ุณุฑ ุจุฑุงู…ุฌุฉ ุฑุงุญู†ุงู‡ ูˆ ุงู„ุณุฑ
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:44,200 --> 00:00:48,240
39
+ ุจูŠู„ุง ู…ุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู†ู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู†ุง ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ brain stem
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:48,240 --> 00:00:53,260
43
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฌุฏุน ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ุจุฏูˆู† brain stem ู…ุด ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู†
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:00:53,260 --> 00:00:58,060
47
+ ูŠุนูŠุด ู„ูˆ ู…ุงุช ุงู„ brain stem ู…ุงุช ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุฑุงูƒุฒ
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:00:58,060 --> 00:01:04,260
51
+ ุงู„ุญูŠูˆูŠุฉ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ brain stem ุงู„ brain stem
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:04,260 --> 00:01:11,920
55
+ located in the posterior cranial fossain front of
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:11,920 --> 00:01:16,200
59
+ the cerebellum and for ventricle ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ brain
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:16,200 --> 00:01:20,760
63
+ stem ุฌุฏุฏ ุฏู…ุงุบ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ posterior cranial fossa
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:20,760 --> 00:01:28,860
67
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃู…ุงู… ุงู„ู…ุฎูŠุฎ ูˆ ุฃู…ุงู… ุงู„ุจุทูŠู† ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน the brain
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:28,860 --> 00:01:34,120
71
+ stem formed of the following part ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† three
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:34,120 --> 00:01:42,080
75
+ parts ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุซู„ุงุซ ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ู„ูˆ ุจุฏู†ุง ู…ู† ุชุญุชู„ู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุฃูˆ
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:42,080 --> 00:01:48,480
79
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุณูู„ ู„ู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ medulla oblongata ุชุนู…ู„
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:48,480 --> 00:01:51,960
83
+ continuation with spinal cord ุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูŠ continuous
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:01:51,960 --> 00:01:55,260
87
+ with spinal cord ุจุนุฏ medulla oblongata ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:01:55,260 --> 00:02:03,080
91
+ spinal cord Pons ุฌุณุฑ between the midbrain and
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:03,080 --> 00:02:08,160
95
+ medulla oblongataูˆ ุงู„ู€ upper part is mid brain
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:08,160 --> 00:02:12,740
99
+ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ุงู„ุฃูˆุณุท ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ูˆ continuous ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ู…ุน ุงู„
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:12,740 --> 00:02:16,060
103
+ cerebral hemisphere ู…ุน ุงู„ cerebral hemisphere
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:16,060 --> 00:02:25,020
107
+ relations of brain stem ุงู„ brain stem ุฌุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:25,020 --> 00:02:31,020
111
+ above ู…ู† ุฃุนู„ู‰ุงู„ู€ midbrain is continuous with
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:31,020 --> 00:02:34,400
115
+ cerebral hemisphere ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ midbrain ููˆู‚
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:34,400 --> 00:02:38,420
119
+ continuous with ุฃูŠู‡ุŸ with cerebral hemisphere
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:38,420 --> 00:02:46,240
123
+ below ู…ู† ุชุญุช ู…ูŠุถุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง continuous with ุฃูŠู‡ุŸ
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:02:46,240 --> 00:02:51,820
127
+ with spinal cord ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ุนุฑูู†ุง above ุงู„ midbrain
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:02:51,820 --> 00:02:56,640
131
+ ู…ุน ุงู„ cerebral hemisphereุจุงู„ุฃุณูู„ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃูˆุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:02:56,640 --> 00:03:03,880
135
+ ุชุณุชู…ุฑ ุจุงู„ู€ A ู…ุน ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุจุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑูŠุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:03,880 --> 00:03:11,960
139
+ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ Pons ูˆ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุนู„ู‰ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃูˆุจุฑ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ู…ู‚ูู„ุฉ
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:13,250 --> 00:03:18,250
143
+ from cerebellum by fourth ventricle ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ููŠู†ุง
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:18,250 --> 00:03:24,330
147
+ fourth ventricle cavity ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠูุตู„ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ palms
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:24,330 --> 00:03:28,710
151
+ ูˆ ุงู„ upper medulla ุงูˆ open medulla ุนู† ู…ู†ุŸ ุนู† ุงู„
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:28,710 --> 00:03:39,570
155
+ cerebellum ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ู‡ูŠ ุงู†ู‡ ูˆุงุถุญ Medulla
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:39,570 --> 00:03:40,230
159
+ oblongata
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:43,200 --> 00:03:49,120
163
+ ุชุญุช ุงู„ุณู…ูŠุฑ ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน spinal cord ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ูŠุถุงู„ุฉ ู‚ุจู„
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:49,120 --> 00:03:56,260
167
+ ุงู† ุฌุชู‡ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ bones ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู†
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:56,260 --> 00:04:01,040
171
+ ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ midbrain ุงู„ midbrain continuous ุงุนู„ู‰
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:04:01,040 --> 00:04:06,700
175
+ ู…ุน ุงู„ cerebral hemisphere ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ูููŠ ุงู†ุฏูŠ cavity
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:04:06,700 --> 00:04:12,660
179
+ of fourth ventricle ุจูŠุนู…ู„ separation between the
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:04:12,660 --> 00:04:18,760
183
+ pons ูˆ ุฃุจุนุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู‡ู… separation ุนู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:18,760 --> 00:04:23,180
187
+ ุนู† ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ cerebellum ุงู„cerebellum ุจูŠุญุฏ ุงู„
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:23,180 --> 00:04:30,820
191
+ fourth ventricle ู…ู† ุฎู„ููŠ ูˆุงุถุญ
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:30,820 --> 00:04:41,100
195
+ ุงู†ุฏูŠ ุฃูŠูˆุฉ fourth ventricleุจูุตู„ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ Pons ูˆ
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:41,100 --> 00:04:48,100
199
+ Upper Medulla ุนู†
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:48,100 --> 00:04:56,020
203
+ ุงู„ู€ Cerebellum okay ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ relations ุจุชุงุนุฉ
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:56,020 --> 00:05:00,300
207
+ brain stem relation of the brain stem
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:05:05,740 --> 00:05:10,680
211
+ What's the functions of brainstemุŸ ุงูˆู„ ุดูŠุก
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:05:10,680 --> 00:05:15,000
215
+ cardiovascular center ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒ ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ุชุญูƒู…
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:05:15,000 --> 00:05:19,840
219
+ ุจุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู„ุจุฑุงูŠู† ุงู„ุณู… ู…ุงุช ู„ุจุฑุงูŠู† ุงู„ุณู… ู…ุงุช ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:05:19,840 --> 00:05:25,720
223
+ ู…ุงุช ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† respiratory and calf center ุงูŠู‡ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:05:25,720 --> 00:05:33,550
227
+ ุจู…ุฑูƒุฒ ุงู„ุชุญูƒู… ุจุชู†ูุณ ูˆ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ูƒุญูˆู„ุŸุงู„ู€ swallowing
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:05:33,550 --> 00:05:42,390
231
+ and vomiting center ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจู„ุน ูˆ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชู‚ูŠู‚
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:42,390 --> 00:05:49,790
235
+ sleep center ู…ุฑูƒุฒ ุงู„ู†ูˆู… center for eye movement
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:49,790 --> 00:05:57,050
239
+ ู…ุฑูƒุฒ ุงู„ุชุญูƒู… ุจุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู†ูŠู† reticular nuclei ูู‰
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:57,050 --> 00:05:59,870
243
+ ุฑุชูŠูƒูˆู„ุงุฑ ููˆุฑู…ูŠุดู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ูˆูŠู† ูู‰ ุงู„ brain stem
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:06:01,200 --> 00:06:05,940
247
+ alertness and consciousness ุงู„ูŠู‚ุธุฉ ูˆุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ูˆุนูŠ
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:06:05,940 --> 00:06:12,040
251
+ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ brain ุงู„ุณู… ุงู„ vestibular ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ูˆ
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:06:12,040 --> 00:06:17,290
255
+ ุงู„ functions ุงู„ุจุณุชุฑุงู„ุงู„ู€ conduction function ุจูŠู…ุฑ
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:06:17,290 --> 00:06:22,930
259
+ ููŠ ุงู„ brain ุงุณู… ascending and descending tracks ุงู„
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:06:22,930 --> 00:06:25,470
263
+ ascending ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุจุท ุงู„ spinal cord ู…ุน ุงู„ cerebrum
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:06:25,470 --> 00:06:29,850
267
+ ูˆ descending ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุจุท ุงู„ brain ู…ุน spinal cord
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:06:29,850 --> 00:06:35,310
271
+ ูˆุฃู‡ู… ุดูŠุก ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ brain ุงุณู… ุงู„ู†ูƒู„ูŠุงูŠุฉ
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:35,310 --> 00:06:45,100
275
+ cranial nerves ู†ูƒู„ูŠุงูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุฃูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุตุจCranial
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:45,100 --> 00:06:53,300
279
+ nerve ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู„ุญุฏ cranial nerve ุงุชู†ุงุด ู…ู† ุซู„ุงุซุฉ
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:53,300 --> 00:07:02,640
283
+ ู„ุงุชู†ุงุด ู„ูŠู‡ ู„ุฃู† cranial nerve nucleus ุฑู‚ู…
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:07:02,640 --> 00:07:07,760
287
+ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ timbral loop ูˆ ุฑู‚ู… ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:07:07,760 --> 00:07:14,900
291
+ ููŠ ุงู„ occipital loopู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู† ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู„ุงุชู†ุงุด
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:07:14,900 --> 00:07:19,360
295
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ brain stem
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:07:23,250 --> 00:07:27,410
299
+ and it's important as extrapyramidal function ู„ุฃู†
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:07:27,410 --> 00:07:30,790
303
+ ููŠ ุงู„ brain ุงู„ุณู… ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ substantia negra
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:07:30,790 --> 00:07:34,810
307
+ substantia negra ุชูุฑุฒ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุญุฏุซ
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:07:34,810 --> 00:07:38,990
311
+ ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ ุฅูุฑุงุฒ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:07:38,990 --> 00:07:42,750
315
+ Parkinson ู…ุฑุถ Parkinson ุฃูˆ ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุดู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุฑุนุงุด
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:07:45,550 --> 00:07:51,590
319
+ ุจุณุชุฑุงู„ ุฑูู„ูŠูƒุณุŒ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ุจุณุชุฑุงู„ ุฑูู„ูŠูƒุณุŸ ุงู„ุจุณุชุฑุงู„ ู…ุฏูู†ุฉ
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:51,590 --> 00:07:58,270
323
+ ูƒู…ู‚ุงูˆู…ุฉ ุนุถูˆูŠุฉ ุนุถูˆูŠุฉ ู„ุฌุณู… ุงู„ู…ุณุงูุฉ ุจุณุจุจ ุงู„ุถุบุทุŒ ุงู„ุงู†
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:58,270 --> 00:08:01,390
327
+ ุงู†ุง ูˆุงู‚ูุŒ ู„ูˆ ู…ุงูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุจุณุชุฑุงู„ ูƒุงู† ูˆุฌู‡ุฏ ุงู†ุงุŒ
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:08:01,390 --> 00:08:08,510
331
+ ู…ุงู‚ุฏุฑุด ุงุชุงุฌูุŒ ู„ุงู† ู‡ูŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุญูƒู…ููŠ ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ู„ู„ุจุญุซ ุนู†
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:08:08,510 --> 00:08:15,670
335
+ reflex static reflex ุงู†ุง ุงู„ุขู† ููŠ ูˆุถุน ุซุจุช ุงูˆ ุฌู„ุณุช
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:08:15,670 --> 00:08:21,110
339
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูƒุฑุณู‰ ู…ุงุจู…ูŠู„ุด ู…ุงุจุฌุนุด ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ static reflex
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:08:21,110 --> 00:08:26,390
343
+ maintain the balance during rest ุงุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ุฑุงุญุฉ ุทูŠุจ
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:08:26,390 --> 00:08:31,490
347
+ ู„ูˆ ุงู†ุง ุงุชุญุฑูƒุช ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ static kinetic reflex maintain
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:08:31,490 --> 00:08:36,520
351
+ the balance during movement ุงู†ุง ุงุชุญุฑูƒุชูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:08:36,520 --> 00:08:44,180
355
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ static-kinetic ุฃู†ุง ุฌู„ุณุช ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ static
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:08:44,180 --> 00:08:52,040
359
+ reflex ู„ุฃู†ุง ุฃุจุฏุฃ ุจู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:08:52,040 --> 00:08:58,360
363
+ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง is the lower part of
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:08:58,360 --> 00:09:04,930
367
+ brain stem ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุตู†ุฏูˆู‚ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุงูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ูŠ lower part of
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:09:04,930 --> 00:09:11,070
371
+ brainstem ุงู„ relation ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ุง ุจูŠุถู„ ุฃุจู„ู†ุฌุงุชู‡ุง above
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:09:11,070 --> 00:09:17,790
375
+ continuous with points ู…ู† ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุชุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ points
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:09:17,790 --> 00:09:23,470
379
+ ุฃูˆ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ pointsbelow ู…ู† ุฃุณูู„ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:09:23,470 --> 00:09:29,050
383
+ spinal cord ุชุนู…ู„ู†ุง continuation ู„ spinal cord ุชุจู‚ู‰
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:09:29,050 --> 00:09:34,010
387
+ ู‡ูŠ ุชุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน spinal cord ุนู„ู‰ ุฃูŠ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:09:34,010 --> 00:09:39,590
391
+ foramen magnum at the level of foramen magnum ุฎูŠุงู„
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:09:39,590 --> 00:09:47,470
395
+ ุฏูŠ ุทุจ ุงู‡ูŠ ู†ูุณูŠ ู…ุง ุจู…ุดูŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ ู‚ุจู„ ุงู† ุฌุช ุนู„ู‰
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:09:47,470 --> 00:09:54,860
399
+ ุณุฌุฏ ุชุฑูƒุชุงู„ู€ Medulla Oblongata ู‚ู„ู†ุง Below ุชุญุช ู…ุน
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:09:54,860 --> 00:10:02,840
403
+ Spinal Cord ู…ู† ุฃุนู„ู‰ ููˆู‚ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Bones ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:10:02,840 --> 00:10:07,080
407
+ Medulla Oblongata ุงู„ู€ Medulla Oblongata ุจุชุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู†
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:10:07,080 --> 00:10:14,820
411
+ ุฌุฒุฆูŠู† ุฌุฒุก
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:10:14,820 --> 00:10:17,140
415
+ ุนู„ูˆูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:10:18,500 --> 00:10:25,020
419
+ open ูุงุชุญ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ fourth ventricle ูˆุฌุฒุก ุณูู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:10:25,020 --> 00:10:28,660
423
+ closed ู…ุงู„ูˆุด ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ fourth ventricle ูŠู…ูƒู† ู‡ุฐุง
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:10:28,660 --> 00:10:34,100
427
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง open ู…ุถู„ุฉ
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:10:34,100 --> 00:10:42,080
431
+ ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง closed ู…ุถู„ุฉ ุงู„ open ู…ุถู„ุฉ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:10:42,080 --> 00:10:47,960
435
+ upper partุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุนู„ูˆูŠ ูˆ ู…ุฏู„ุฉ ู…ู‚ูู„ุฉ ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง lower
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:10:47,960 --> 00:10:53,440
439
+ part ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉ relation of ู…ุฏู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชู‡ ุฃุณูู„
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:10:53,440 --> 00:10:59,200
443
+ ุชุญุช spinal cord ุฃุนู„ู‰ bones ุทุจ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุถูŠููˆุง ูƒู…ุงู†
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:10:59,200 --> 00:11:06,260
447
+ ุญุงุฌุฉ posterior ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู open
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:11:06,260 --> 00:11:09,720
451
+ ู…ุฏู„ุฉ ุจูŠุญุฏู‡ุง ุงู„ fourth ventricle ุจูŠูุตู„ู‡ุง ุนู† ู…ู†ุŸ ุนู†
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:11:09,720 --> 00:11:10,480
455
+ ุงู„ cerebellum
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:11:13,310 --> 00:11:19,230
459
+ Okay ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏูŠ lower spinal cord above bones ู…ู†
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:11:19,230 --> 00:11:23,330
463
+ ุงู„ุฎู„ู ุงู„ cerebellum ูˆ ุงู„ fourth ventricle ุจูŠุญุฏ ู…ูŠู†
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:11:23,330 --> 00:11:27,870
467
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ upper part ุฃูˆ open ู…ูŠุฏู„ุฉ
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:11:32,670 --> 00:11:37,090
471
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ุจุณ ู‡ุฐูŠ Anti-review ู„ูŠุด ู‚ู„ู†ุง
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:11:37,090 --> 00:11:42,170
475
+ Anti-reviewุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ ventricle ุงู„ fourth ventricle
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:11:42,170 --> 00:11:49,030
479
+ ู…ุด ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ fourth ventricle ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ุฎู„ู ู‡ุฐูŠ
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:11:49,030 --> 00:11:59,130
483
+ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ุชุญุช
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:11:59,130 --> 00:12:07,360
487
+ spinal cordููˆู‚ Pons ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ูŠุถุงู„ุฉ ู‚ุจู„ุงู† ุฌุฏุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:12:07,360 --> 00:12:13,500
491
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ cerebellum ูˆ ุงู„ fourth ventricle ุจูุตู„ู‡ู…
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:12:13,500 --> 00:12:26,940
495
+ ุนู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ open ู…ูŠุถุงู„ุฉ ุงูˆ ุงู„ upper ู…ูŠุถุงู„ุฉ ู†ูƒู…ู„
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:12:28,350 --> 00:12:31,690
499
+ ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชู‡ ุงู†ุง ุดุฑูŠุญุชู‡ู… ุดุฑูŠุญุชูƒู… ุฅูŠุงู‡ู…
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:12:31,690 --> 00:12:36,610
503
+ part of the ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชู‡ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชู‡
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:12:36,610 --> 00:12:45,210
507
+ ุฅู„ู‡ุง ุฌุฒุกูŠู† ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุงุณู…ู‡ closed ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:12:45,210 --> 00:12:49,990
511
+ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ open ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุณู…ูŠู‡ู… ุดูŠุก ุซุงู†ูŠุŸ ู…ู…ูƒู†
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:12:49,990 --> 00:12:56,770
515
+ ุงู„ closed ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุณู…ูŠู‡Lower ู…ุถุงู„ุฉ ูˆ Open
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:12:56,770 --> 00:13:01,030
519
+ ู…ุถุงู„ุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง Upper ู…ุถุงู„ุฉ ู„ูŠู‡ ุณุงู…ุชู‡ุง Open
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:13:01,030 --> 00:13:02,590
523
+ ู…ุถุงู„ุฉุŸ
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:13:05,570 --> 00:13:10,130
527
+ opens into the fourth ventricle ูุชุญุฉ ุจูŠุญุฏู‡ุง ู…ู†
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:13:10,130 --> 00:13:14,330
531
+ ุงู„ุฎู„ู fourth ventricle ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุณู…ู†ุงู‡ุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ open
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:13:14,330 --> 00:13:18,550
535
+ medulla ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ open medulla ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ upper part ุงูˆ
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:13:18,550 --> 00:13:21,890
539
+ ุงู„ upper half of the medulla ุฃุจู„ุงู† ุฌุงุชุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:13:21,890 --> 00:13:25,030
543
+ ุงู„ุนู„ูˆูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฏulla ุฃุจู„ุงู† ุฌุงุชุฉ ุณู…ู†ุงู‡ุง open medulla
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:13:25,030 --> 00:13:28,690
547
+ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชูƒูˆู† ูุงุชุญุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ fourth ventricle ุนู„ู‰
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:13:28,690 --> 00:13:33,510
551
+ ุงู„ุจุทูŠู† ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ุงู„ closed medullaุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:13:33,510 --> 00:13:36,790
555
+ lower half of the medulla ุฃูˆ lower part of the
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:13:36,790 --> 00:13:40,450
559
+ medulla ุณู…ูˆู‡ุง closed medulla ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ุง
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:13:40,450 --> 00:13:46,630
563
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ central canal ูˆ ู‡ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† closed
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:13:46,630 --> 00:13:51,050
567
+ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ fourth ventricle ู…ุง ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูุงุชุญุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:13:51,050 --> 00:13:53,910
571
+ fourth ventricle ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุณู…ูˆู‡ุง closed medulla
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:13:55,400 --> 00:14:01,600
575
+ continuous with spinal cord .. central canal ูŠุจู‚ู‰
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:14:01,600 --> 00:14:05,120
579
+ ู„ูˆ ุณุฃู„ูƒูˆุง ุณุคุงู„ ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนุงู…ู„ continuous with
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:14:05,120 --> 00:14:07,700
583
+ spinal cordุŸ ุงู„ open ู…ูŠุถู„ุฉ ูˆู„ุง ุงู„ closed ู…ูŠุถู„ุฉุŸ
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:14:07,700 --> 00:14:10,680
587
+ ุฑุงุญ ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ closed ู…ูŠุถู„ุฉ ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ central
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:14:10,680 --> 00:14:14,140
591
+ spinal canalุŸ ุงู„ open ู…ูŠุถู„ุฉ ูˆู„ุง ุงู„ closed ู…ูŠุถู„ุฉุŸ
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:14:14,140 --> 00:14:15,700
595
+ ุฑุงุญ ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ closed ู…ูŠุถู„ุฉ
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:14:19,710 --> 00:14:22,630
599
+ ู‡ุฐุง posterior view ู‡ุฐุง posterior view ู„ุฃู†
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:14:22,630 --> 00:14:29,630
603
+ ุงู„ุณูŠุฑูŠุจูŠู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฎู„ู ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:14:29,630 --> 00:14:38,110
607
+ ุฃุจู„ู†ุฌุงุชู‡ุง ุฅู„ู‡ุง ุฌุฒุฆูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง open ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ูˆู‡ุฐุง closed
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:14:38,110 --> 00:14:42,650
611
+ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ู„ูŠู‡ ู‡ุฐุง open ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ูุงุชุญุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู†
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:14:42,650 --> 00:14:45,810
615
+ ุนูˆูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ fourth ventricู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ pons
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:14:48,840 --> 00:14:52,820
619
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุนู„ูˆูŠ ุงู„ upper part open ุงู„ lower part
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:14:52,820 --> 00:14:58,360
623
+ closed ุงู„ุขู†
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:14:58,360 --> 00:15:03,540
627
+ ุจู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ external features of ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃูˆ ุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:15:03,540 --> 00:15:06,200
631
+ external features of ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃูˆ ุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:15:06,200 --> 00:15:10,260
635
+ anterolateral service
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:15:11,640 --> 00:15:15,500
639
+ ููŠู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† anterior median fissure ุงู„ุงู†ุชูŠุฑูˆ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู†
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:15:15,500 --> 00:15:19,360
643
+ ูุดุงุฑ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุฌุณู… ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงูˆ ุจู„ุงู† ุฌู‡ุชู‡ุง ู„ right side
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:15:19,360 --> 00:15:24,140
647
+ ูˆ left side ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุซู…ุงู†ู‰ pyramids ุงู„ pyramids
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:15:24,140 --> 00:15:28,020
651
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู† ุงูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… corticospinal tract
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:15:28,020 --> 00:15:32,700
655
+ ุงู„ูุงูŠุจุฑุฒ ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ูุงูŠุจุฑุฒ ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:15:32,700 --> 00:15:37,860
659
+ ุงู„ motor functionsPyramidal Decassation Pyramidal
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:15:37,860 --> 00:15:44,220
663
+ Decassation Pyramidal Decassation Pyramidal
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:15:44,220 --> 00:15:44,760
667
+ Decassation Pyramidal Decassation Pyramidal
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:15:44,760 --> 00:15:44,980
671
+ Decassation Pyramidal Decassation Pyramidal
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:15:44,980 --> 00:15:48,070
675
+ Decassationูˆุงู„ู€ left ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ูŠุณุฑู‰ ู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ูŠู…ู†ู‰
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:15:48,070 --> 00:15:51,670
679
+ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ decassation ุงูˆ crossing ู„ุฅู„ู‡ู… ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ู„ูˆ
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:15:51,670 --> 00:15:55,010
683
+ ุตุงุฑ ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ููŠ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุงู„ุดู„ุงู„ ููŠ
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:15:55,010 --> 00:15:57,930
687
+ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:15:57,930 --> 00:16:01,470
691
+ ุงู„ุดู„ุงู„ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ูŠู…ู†ู‰ ุนุดุงู† ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:16:01,470 --> 00:16:07,070
695
+ crossing ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุญุฏุซ ูˆููŠ anterior lateral sulcus
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:16:10,550 --> 00:16:14,550
699
+ ูˆ ููŠ posterior lateral sulcus right and left ููŠ ุงู„
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:16:14,550 --> 00:16:18,730
703
+ anterior lateral sulcus ุจูŠู…ุฑ ุงุญู†ุง ู…ุชุฐูƒุฑูŠู† ู„ู…ุง
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:16:18,730 --> 00:16:22,190
707
+ ุดุฑุญู†ุง ู„ูƒูˆุง ุงู„ cranial nerves ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุงุชู†ูŠู†
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:16:22,190 --> 00:16:26,070
711
+ ุงุฑุจุนุฉ ุงุฑุจุนุฉ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง cerebral hemisphere
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:16:26,070 --> 00:16:31,170
715
+ ูˆุงู„ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุจุนุฏู‡ู… midbrain ูˆุงู„ุงุฑุจุนุฉ ุจุนุฏู‡ู… pons
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:16:31,170 --> 00:16:36,870
719
+ ูˆุงู„ุงุฑุจุนุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑุงู†ูŠู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ medulla
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:16:36,870 --> 00:16:43,060
723
+ oblongataู„ุฃ ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุน ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑุงู† ู‡ู… ู…ู†ุŸ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุชุงุณุน
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:16:43,060 --> 00:16:49,840
727
+ Glossopharyngeal Vagus Accessory and hypoglossal
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:16:49,840 --> 00:16:52,980
731
+ nerve ู‚ู„ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ู‚ุจู„ ุงู† ุฌูŠุช ุงู†ุง ู‡ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:16:52,980 --> 00:16:57,120
735
+ ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุน ุนุตุงุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… Glossopharyngeal nerve, Vegas
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:16:57,120 --> 00:17:01,040
739
+ nerve, Accessory and hypoglossal nerve ููŠ ุงู„
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:17:01,040 --> 00:17:04,860
743
+ anterior lateral service ู‚ู„ู†ุง ููŠ anterior lateral
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:17:04,860 --> 00:17:08,790
747
+ sulcus right and left ุงูˆ sulciููŠ ุงู„ู€ Anterolateral
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:17:08,790 --> 00:17:12,150
751
+ Salcus Membrane ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฃูˆ ุจุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:17:12,150 --> 00:17:16,070
755
+ Hypoglossal nerve ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุนุดุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ posterior
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:17:16,070 --> 00:17:20,110
759
+ lateral right ูˆ left ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฅูŠุด
760
+
761
+ 191
762
+ 00:17:20,110 --> 00:17:23,230
763
+ Glossopharyngeal nerve ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุชุงุณุฑ Vegas nerve
764
+
765
+ 192
766
+ 00:17:23,230 --> 00:17:27,430
767
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุนุงุดุฑ ูˆ Hypoglossal nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุนุตุจ
768
+
769
+ 193
770
+ 00:17:27,430 --> 00:17:34,790
771
+ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุนุดุฑ ูˆุงุถุญ ุฃู† ุฏูŠ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ Antirmedian ูุดู‡ุฑ
772
+
773
+ 194
774
+ 00:17:37,970 --> 00:17:46,970
775
+ ูˆุงุถุญุงู† pyramids left right ููŠ olive ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„
776
+
777
+ 195
778
+ 00:17:46,970 --> 00:17:51,010
779
+ extra pyramidal nervous system ููŠ ูƒู…ุงู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
780
+
781
+ 196
782
+ 00:17:51,010 --> 00:17:53,630
783
+ anterior lateral sulcus
784
+
785
+ 197
786
+ 00:17:56,130 --> 00:18:00,530
787
+ ูˆููŠ posterior lateral sulcus ูˆููŠ posterior lateral
788
+
789
+ 198
790
+ 00:18:00,530 --> 00:18:04,050
791
+ sulcus ููŠ ุงู„ู€ anterior lateral sulcus ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ู€
792
+
793
+ 199
794
+ 00:18:04,050 --> 00:18:07,390
795
+ hypoglossal nerve ู…ู† ุงู„ posterior lateral sulcus
796
+
797
+ 200
798
+ 00:18:07,390 --> 00:18:15,530
799
+ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน ูˆ ุงู„ุนุงุดุฑ ูˆ ุงู„ุญุงุฏูŠ ุนุดุฑ ูˆุงุถุญุง ููŠ
800
+
801
+ 201
802
+ 00:18:15,530 --> 00:18:19,490
803
+ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ูƒู…ุงู†ุงู„ู€ Anterior Service of Medulla
804
+
805
+ 202
806
+ 00:18:19,490 --> 00:18:22,290
807
+ Oblongata ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Anterior Service of Medulla
808
+
809
+ 203
810
+ 00:18:22,290 --> 00:18:27,930
811
+ Oblongata ููŠ ุนู† Anterior Median ูุดุงุฑ ููŠ Anterior
812
+
813
+ 204
814
+ 00:18:27,930 --> 00:18:30,590
815
+ Lateral Sulcus ูˆ ููŠ Posterior Lateral Sulcus ู†ูุณ
816
+
817
+ 205
818
+ 00:18:30,590 --> 00:18:33,090
819
+ ุงู„ุดูŠุก Anterior Lateral Sulcus ูˆ Posterior Lateral
820
+
821
+ 206
822
+ 00:18:33,090 --> 00:18:37,470
823
+ Sulcus ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ lower part of Medulla ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง
824
+
825
+ 207
826
+ 00:18:37,470 --> 00:18:41,230
827
+ Pyramidal Decassation Pyramidal Decassation ู‡ุฐู‡
828
+
829
+ 208
830
+ 00:18:41,230 --> 00:18:46,420
831
+ Pyramids left right ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ูŠูุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€
832
+
833
+ 209
834
+ 00:18:46,420 --> 00:18:50,100
835
+ extrapyramidal ู‡ุงู† ุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ anterolateral sulcus
836
+
837
+ 210
838
+ 00:18:50,100 --> 00:18:55,220
839
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุนุดุฑ ุงุชู†ุงุด ุทูŠุจ ู…ู† ุงู„
840
+
841
+ 211
842
+ 00:18:55,220 --> 00:18:59,460
843
+ bossyrolateral ุจุฎุฑุฌ glossopharyngeal vagus ูˆ
844
+
845
+ 212
846
+ 00:18:59,460 --> 00:19:04,300
847
+ accessory nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน ูˆ ุงู„ุนุงุดุฑ ูˆ ุงุญุฏุงุดุฑ
848
+
849
+ 213
850
+ 00:19:04,300 --> 00:19:07,840
851
+ cranial accessory ุงุฏู‚ cranial accessory nerve
852
+
853
+ 214
854
+ 00:19:14,000 --> 00:19:17,020
855
+ ุงู„ู€ posterior service ุดุฑุญู†ุง ุงู„ู€ anterior service
856
+
857
+ 215
858
+ 00:19:17,020 --> 00:19:21,440
859
+ of ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชู‡ ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ posterior service of
860
+
861
+ 216
862
+ 00:19:21,440 --> 00:19:24,640
863
+ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชู‡ ู‡ู„ ุงู„ posterior service of ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ
864
+
865
+ 217
866
+ 00:19:24,640 --> 00:19:30,400
867
+ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชู‡ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ ุฌุณู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ุฃ open ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ูˆ close
868
+
869
+ 218
870
+ 00:19:30,400 --> 00:19:34,160
871
+ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุทุจ ู„ูŠุด ู…ุงุนู…ู„ุชุด ุงู„ุฌุณู… ู‡ุฐู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ anterior
872
+
873
+ 219
874
+ 00:19:34,160 --> 00:19:37,780
875
+ serviceุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ุงููŠุด fourth ventricle ูˆู…ุงุจู†ู‚ุณู…ุด
876
+
877
+ 220
878
+ 00:19:37,780 --> 00:19:41,440
879
+ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชู‡ ู„ุฃopen ูˆ closed ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู…ุŒ
880
+
881
+ 221
882
+ 00:19:41,440 --> 00:19:45,320
883
+ ุจู†ุฌุณู… ู…ู† ุฎู„ูุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ fourthุŒ ventricle
884
+
885
+ 222
886
+ 00:19:45,320 --> 00:19:49,560
887
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ the posterior surface of the upper half ุฃูˆ ุงู„
888
+
889
+ 223
890
+ 00:19:49,560 --> 00:19:54,220
891
+ open ู…ูŠุถุงู„ุฉ ููŠ ู‡ู†ุง posterior median ููŠ ุดู‡ุฑ ุชู‚ุณู… ู„
892
+
893
+ 224
894
+ 00:19:54,220 --> 00:19:59,270
895
+ right left hypoglossal triangleุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู€
896
+
897
+ 225
898
+ 00:19:59,270 --> 00:20:00,990
899
+ hypoglossal ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ุง hypoglossal ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ุฃูˆ
900
+
901
+ 226
902
+ 00:20:00,990 --> 00:20:04,270
903
+ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง hypoglossal nerve Vestibular trigon ุงู„ู„ูŠ
904
+
905
+ 227
906
+ 00:20:04,270 --> 00:20:07,030
907
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ุง vestibular ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ูŠุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง vestibular
908
+
909
+ 228
910
+ 00:20:07,030 --> 00:20:12,970
911
+ nerve ูˆ ููŠ C ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ vagal trigon ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง
912
+
913
+ 229
914
+ 00:20:12,970 --> 00:20:15,690
915
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ .. ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„
916
+
917
+ 230
918
+ 00:20:15,690 --> 00:20:21,450
919
+ vagus nerve ูˆ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง vagus nerve ุทูŠุจ ููŠ ุงู„ lower
920
+
921
+ 231
922
+ 00:20:21,450 --> 00:20:25,900
923
+ half ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ closed middleููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู…ุชุฏุงุฏ
924
+
925
+ 232
926
+ 00:20:25,900 --> 00:20:28,820
927
+ posteromedian fissure ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู‚ุณู… ู…ู† ูŠู…ูŠู† ู„ุดู…ุงู„
928
+
929
+ 233
930
+ 00:20:28,820 --> 00:20:34,500
931
+ ูˆุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงุฌุฑุงุซูŠู„ ุงุชุฑุงูƒุช ูˆ ุงุฌุฑุงุซูŠู„ ุงูˆ ุงู‚ู†ูŠุฉ ุงุชุฑุงูƒุช ุงูˆ
932
+
933
+ 234
934
+ 00:20:34,500 --> 00:20:38,520
935
+ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆ ุงุฌุฑุงุซูŠู„ ุชูˆุจูŠุฑูƒู„ ูˆ ุงู‚ู†ูŠุฉ ุชูˆุจูŠุฑูƒู„ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
936
+
937
+ 235
938
+ 00:20:38,520 --> 00:20:42,460
939
+ ุงุฌุฑุงุซูŠู„ ุงุชุฑุงูƒุช ูˆ ุงู‚ู†ูŠุฉ ุงุชุฑุงูƒุช ุงูˆ ุชูˆุจูŠุฑูƒู„ ุงู„ุงุฌุฑุงุซูŠู„
940
+
941
+ 236
942
+ 00:20:42,460 --> 00:20:46,310
943
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† medialูˆู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ lower half of the body
944
+
945
+ 237
946
+ 00:20:46,310 --> 00:20:51,230
947
+ ูˆุงู„ูƒูˆู†ูŠุฉ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† lateral ูˆู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู† ุงู„ upper
948
+
949
+ 238
950
+ 00:20:51,230 --> 00:20:54,850
951
+ half of the body ุจุฏู‡ู… ูŠุณู„ู…ูˆุง ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ุฌุฑุณูŠู„
952
+
953
+ 239
954
+ 00:20:54,850 --> 00:20:58,970
955
+ ูˆูƒูˆู†ูŠุฉ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู† ุงู„ deep
956
+
957
+ 240
958
+ 00:20:58,970 --> 00:21:02,010
959
+ sensationูˆุงู„ู€ fine touch ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุตุงุฑ damage
960
+
961
+ 241
962
+ 00:21:02,010 --> 00:21:05,910
963
+ ู„ู„ุฌุฑุณูŠู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ loss of deep sensation
964
+
965
+ 242
966
+ 00:21:05,910 --> 00:21:08,410
967
+ and fine touch ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุจุณ ููŠ ุงู„
968
+
969
+ 243
970
+ 00:21:08,410 --> 00:21:11,870
971
+ lower half of the body ู„ูˆ ุตุงุฑ damage ู„ู„ูƒู†ูŠุช ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ
972
+
973
+ 244
974
+ 00:21:11,870 --> 00:21:14,590
975
+ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ loss of deep sensation and fine
976
+
977
+ 245
978
+ 00:21:14,590 --> 00:21:20,490
979
+ touch ุจุณ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ upper limb ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ
980
+
981
+ 246
982
+ 00:21:20,490 --> 00:21:23,230
983
+ ุงู„ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ุฏูŠ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ oblongata
984
+
985
+ 247
986
+ 00:21:30,480 --> 00:21:37,580
987
+ ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุนู„ูˆูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ open ู…ูŠุถุงู„ุฉ ูˆ ู‡ุณูˆู ู„ูŠู‡
988
+
989
+ 248
990
+ 00:21:37,580 --> 00:21:41,880
991
+ closed ู…ูŠุถุงู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุนู„ูˆูŠ ูˆุงุถุนู†ุง ุงู„ posterior
992
+
993
+ 249
994
+ 00:21:41,880 --> 00:21:49,260
995
+ median ูุดู‡ุฑ ุจูŠู‚ุณู… ู„ู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ูˆ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ููŠู‡ ู‡ู†ุง vegal
996
+
997
+ 250
998
+ 00:21:49,260 --> 00:21:55,740
999
+ trygonู„ู„ู€ Vegas nerve ููŠ hypoglossal trigon ู„ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1000
+
1001
+ 251
1002
+ 00:21:55,740 --> 00:21:59,880
1003
+ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ hypoglossal nerve ููŠ vestibular trigon ู‡ูŠ
1004
+
1005
+ 252
1006
+ 00:21:59,880 --> 00:22:02,780
1007
+ ุจุชู…ุชุฏ ุงู„ vestibular trigon ููŠ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู†ู‡ุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ
1008
+
1009
+ 253
1010
+ 00:22:02,780 --> 00:22:07,440
1011
+ ุงู„ู€ bones ูˆุฌุฒุก ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ูˆูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงูˆ
1012
+
1013
+ 254
1014
+ 00:22:07,440 --> 00:22:10,900
1015
+ ุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ุจู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ close ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ููŠู‡ุง ุงู†ุง
1016
+
1017
+ 255
1018
+ 00:22:10,900 --> 00:22:15,960
1019
+ ุงูŠู‡ posterior median fissure ููŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ูˆุงุถุญ
1020
+
1021
+ 256
1022
+ 00:22:15,960 --> 00:22:19,920
1023
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ lateral conate trapped
1024
+
1025
+ 257
1026
+ 00:22:21,800 --> 00:22:25,580
1027
+ ูˆุงู„ู€ Medial ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฅุฌุฑุงุซ ุณูŠู„ ุงุชุฑุงูƒุช ุจูŠุณู„ู…ูˆู†ุง
1028
+
1029
+ 258
1030
+ 00:22:25,580 --> 00:22:30,360
1031
+ ู„ู„ูƒูˆู†ูŠุฉ tubercle ูˆุฅุฌุฑุงุซ ุณูŠู„ tubercle ูˆุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ูŠุฉ
1032
+
1033
+ 259
1034
+ 00:22:30,360 --> 00:22:34,080
1035
+ tubercle ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ูŠุฉ nucleus ูˆุฏุงุฎู„ ุฅุฌุฑุงุซ
1036
+
1037
+ 260
1038
+ 00:22:34,080 --> 00:22:38,800
1039
+ ุณูŠู„ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฅุฌุฑุงุซ ุณูŠู„ nucleus ูˆุงู„ูƒูˆู†ูŠุฉ more lateral
1040
+
1041
+ 261
1042
+ 00:22:38,800 --> 00:22:42,380
1043
+ ูˆุฅุฌุฑุงุซ ุณูŠู„ more medial ูˆู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ุงู„ deep
1044
+
1045
+ 262
1046
+ 00:22:42,380 --> 00:22:45,820
1047
+ sensation fine touch ุฅุฌุฑุงุซ ุณูŠู„ ู„ู„ lower half of
1048
+
1049
+ 263
1050
+ 00:22:45,820 --> 00:22:49,080
1051
+ the body ูˆูƒูˆู†ูŠุฉ ู„ู„ upper half of the body
1052
+
1053
+ 264
1054
+ 00:22:58,010 --> 00:23:02,510
1055
+ ุฃุฎุฑ ุฌุฒุฆูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุฃุฎุฑ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุจุชุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„
1056
+
1057
+ 265
1058
+ 00:23:02,510 --> 00:23:05,570
1059
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ Internal Structure of Medulla
1060
+
1061
+ 266
1062
+ 00:23:05,570 --> 00:23:09,370
1063
+ Oblongata ุจุชุฎู„ุต ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน Medulla Oblongata ุงู„
1064
+
1065
+ 267
1066
+ 00:23:09,370 --> 00:23:13,550
1067
+ internal structure of Medulla Oblongata ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„
1068
+
1069
+ 268
1070
+ 00:23:13,550 --> 00:23:18,410
1071
+ nuclei ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุงุฌุฑุณูŠู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงุฌุฑุณูŠู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
1072
+
1073
+ 269
1074
+ 00:23:18,410 --> 00:23:21,830
1075
+ ุงุฌุฑุณูŠู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง media ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† deep
1076
+
1077
+ 270
1078
+ 00:23:21,830 --> 00:23:25,170
1079
+ sensation ุงูˆ proprioception proprioception ู‡ูˆ deep
1080
+
1081
+ 271
1082
+ 00:23:25,170 --> 00:23:29,600
1083
+ sensation and fine touchfrom the lower half of the
1084
+
1085
+ 272
1086
+ 00:23:29,600 --> 00:23:33,980
1087
+ body ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ูŠุฉ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุจุชูƒูˆู† lateral ูˆู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„
1088
+
1089
+ 273
1090
+ 00:23:33,980 --> 00:23:37,000
1091
+ proprioception ุงูˆ deep sensation ูˆูŠ find touch
1092
+
1093
+ 274
1094
+ 00:23:37,000 --> 00:23:40,620
1095
+ from the upper half of the body ูู‰ ุดู‰ุก ุงุณู…ู‡
1096
+
1097
+ 275
1098
+ 00:23:40,620 --> 00:23:43,340
1099
+ inferior olivary ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู…ุด ุฏู‡ ุงู‡ู…ูŠุฉ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุงู„ู„ู‰
1100
+
1101
+ 276
1102
+ 00:23:43,340 --> 00:23:46,570
1103
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ extrapyramidal functionููŠ inferior
1104
+
1105
+ 277
1106
+ 00:23:46,570 --> 00:23:49,710
1107
+ salivary nucleus ุฑุงุญ ู†ุงุฎุฏู‡ุง ู…ุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1108
+
1109
+ 278
1110
+ 00:23:49,710 --> 00:23:53,350
1111
+ glossopharyngeal nerve ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง parasympathetic
1112
+
1113
+ 279
1114
+ 00:23:53,350 --> 00:23:58,110
1115
+ fibers ู„glossopharyngeal nerve ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† parotid
1116
+
1117
+ 280
1118
+ 00:23:58,110 --> 00:24:01,330
1119
+ gland for production of saliva
1120
+
1121
+ 281
1122
+ 00:24:03,910 --> 00:24:06,930
1123
+ ููŠ spinal descending nucleus of trigeminal nerve
1124
+
1125
+ 282
1126
+ 00:24:06,930 --> 00:24:10,910
1127
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฎุงู…ุณ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„
1128
+
1129
+ 283
1130
+ 00:24:10,910 --> 00:24:14,990
1131
+ pain ูˆ ุงู„ temperature sensation ู‡ูŠ ุจุชู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ pons
1132
+
1133
+ 284
1134
+ 00:24:14,990 --> 00:24:18,410
1135
+ medulla oblongata ูˆ ุจุชู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ upper part of
1136
+
1137
+ 285
1138
+ 00:24:18,410 --> 00:24:24,240
1139
+ spinal cord ู…ู† C1 ู„ C4 ูˆ C5ููŠ solitary nucleus
1140
+
1141
+ 286
1142
+ 00:24:24,240 --> 00:24:28,560
1143
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ sensation general and taste
1144
+
1145
+ 287
1146
+ 00:24:28,560 --> 00:24:32,940
1147
+ sensation ู„ู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน ูˆุงู„ุชุงุณุน ูˆุงู„ุนุงุดุฑ ู„ facial
1148
+
1149
+ 288
1150
+ 00:24:32,940 --> 00:24:36,940
1151
+ nerve ูˆglossopharyngeal nerve ูˆvegas nerve ููŠ
1152
+
1153
+ 289
1154
+ 00:24:36,940 --> 00:24:40,940
1155
+ nucleus ambiogas ู‡ุฐูŠ motor nucleus ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ
1156
+
1157
+ 290
1158
+ 00:24:40,940 --> 00:24:44,800
1159
+ ุจุงู„isomatic motor ุจุชุบุฏู‰ ุงู„ skeletal muscles ุจุชุงุนุฉ
1160
+
1161
+ 291
1162
+ 00:24:44,800 --> 00:24:49,480
1163
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ glossopharyngeal nerve ูˆvegas nerve
1164
+
1165
+ 292
1166
+ 00:24:49,480 --> 00:24:54,040
1167
+ ูˆcranial axillary nerveููŠ Dorsal nucleus of vagus
1168
+
1169
+ 293
1170
+ 00:24:54,040 --> 00:24:58,260
1171
+ nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ parasympathetic function of
1172
+
1173
+ 294
1174
+ 00:24:58,260 --> 00:25:01,880
1175
+ the vagus nerve it is the most important
1176
+
1177
+ 295
1178
+ 00:25:01,880 --> 00:25:06,880
1179
+ parasympathetic nucleus in the body ูˆhypoglossal
1180
+
1181
+ 296
1182
+ 00:25:06,880 --> 00:25:10,720
1183
+ nucleus ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„hypoglossal nerve which
1184
+
1185
+ 297
1186
+ 00:25:10,720 --> 00:25:16,200
1187
+ supply the internal and external muscle of the
1188
+
1189
+ 298
1190
+ 00:25:16,200 --> 00:25:21,730
1191
+ tongue ุชุนุทูŠ fibers ู„ู„hypoglossal nerveูˆุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
1192
+
1193
+ 299
1194
+ 00:25:21,730 --> 00:25:26,350
1195
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ู€ Dorsal Nucleus ุฃูˆ VegasุŒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
1196
+
1197
+ 300
1198
+ 00:25:26,350 --> 00:25:29,310
1199
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุงู„ู€ Ambiguous Nucleus ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ Motor Nucleus
1200
+
1201
+ 301
1202
+ 00:25:29,310 --> 00:25:32,870
1203
+ ูˆูˆุงุถุญ ุนู†ุฏ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Nucleus ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡
1204
+
1205
+ 302
1206
+ 00:25:32,870 --> 00:25:36,330
1207
+ ู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ Principal Trigeminal Nucleus
1208
+
1209
+ 303
1210
+ 00:25:36,330 --> 00:25:40,630
1211
+ ุฃูˆ ุงุณู… ุซุงู†ูŠ ู„ู‡ุง Descending Spinal Nucleusof
1212
+
1213
+ 304
1214
+ 00:25:40,630 --> 00:25:43,390
1215
+ trigeminal nerve for pain and temperature
1216
+
1217
+ 305
1218
+ 00:25:43,390 --> 00:25:47,210
1219
+ sensation ุจุชู…ุฑุด ู„ุงุญุธู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ bones ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏู„ุงุก
1220
+
1221
+ 306
1222
+ 00:25:47,210 --> 00:25:52,570
1223
+ ุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ูˆููŠ ุงู„ upper part of spinal cord ููŠ
1224
+
1225
+ 307
1226
+ 00:25:52,570 --> 00:25:55,710
1227
+ nucleus solitaris ุฃูˆ solitary nucleus for
1228
+
1229
+ 308
1230
+ 00:25:55,710 --> 00:25:59,450
1231
+ sensation general and taste sensation ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุนุตุจ
1232
+
1233
+ 309
1234
+ 00:25:59,450 --> 00:26:04,950
1235
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ facial ุชุงุณุน glosopharyngeal ูˆvegas
1236
+
1237
+ 310
1238
+ 00:26:04,950 --> 00:26:09,140
1239
+ ู†ูŠุฑุจ ุงู„ุนุงุดุฑูˆ ููŠู‡ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ hypoglossal
1240
+
1241
+ 311
1242
+ 00:26:09,140 --> 00:26:15,060
1243
+ nerveุŒ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุง ูˆ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง motor fibers which
1244
+
1245
+ 312
1246
+ 00:26:15,060 --> 00:26:22,180
1247
+ supply the internal and external muscle of the
1248
+
1249
+ 313
1250
+ 00:26:22,180 --> 00:26:22,620
1251
+ tongue
1252
+
1253
+ 314
1254
+ 00:26:25,540 --> 00:26:28,940
1255
+ ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ corticospinal tract ูƒูŠู ุจูŠุนู…ู„
1256
+
1257
+ 315
1258
+ 00:26:28,940 --> 00:26:31,340
1259
+ ุงู„ crossingุŒ ุงู„ left ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ู„ู„ right ูˆ ุงู„ right
1260
+
1261
+ 316
1262
+ 00:26:31,340 --> 00:26:33,740
1263
+ ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ู„ู„ leftุŒ ู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ crossing ู„ุฅู„ู‡ู… ุงู„
1264
+
1265
+ 317
1266
+ 00:26:33,740 --> 00:26:37,480
1267
+ fibersุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ media ุงู„ู…ู†ุณูƒุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ deep
1268
+
1269
+ 318
1270
+ 00:26:37,480 --> 00:26:43,740
1271
+ sensation ุดุฑุญู†ุงู‡ุง ููŠ deep sensationุงู„ู€ connect
1272
+
1273
+ 319
1274
+ 00:26:43,740 --> 00:26:48,480
1275
+ ู†ูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุจุชูƒูˆู† more lateral ูˆ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ deep
1276
+
1277
+ 320
1278
+ 00:26:48,480 --> 00:26:51,520
1279
+ sensation fine touch of the upper part of the body
1280
+
1281
+ 321
1282
+ 00:26:51,520 --> 00:26:56,420
1283
+ ุงุฌุฑุณูŠู„ ู†ูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ deep sensation ูˆ ุงู„
1284
+
1285
+ 322
1286
+ 00:26:56,420 --> 00:27:00,400
1287
+ fine touch from the lower part of the body ู‡ุฐูŠ
1288
+
1289
+ 323
1290
+ 00:27:00,400 --> 00:27:06,380
1291
+ hypoglossal ู†ูƒู„ูŠุงุณู‡ูŠ ุงู„ pyramidal fibers ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง
1292
+
1293
+ 324
1294
+ 00:27:06,380 --> 00:27:09,280
1295
+ crossing ุนู„ู‰ ููŠ ุงู„ lower part of ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุง ุงูˆ
1296
+
1297
+ 325
1298
+ 00:27:09,280 --> 00:27:11,940
1299
+ ุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ุงู„ left ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ู„ู„ right ูˆ ุงู„ right ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ
1300
+
1301
+ 326
1302
+ 00:27:11,940 --> 00:27:16,160
1303
+ ู„ู„ left ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ ุงู„ู‡ูˆ pyramidal
1304
+
1305
+ 327
1306
+ 00:27:16,160 --> 00:27:20,460
1307
+ decassation ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุฌุฑุณูŠู„ media ุงู„ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู†ูŠุช lateral
1308
+
1309
+ 328
1310
+ 00:27:20,460 --> 00:27:29,140
1311
+ okay ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ olivary nucleus ุงู„ nucleus ambigus ูˆ
1312
+
1313
+ 329
1314
+ 00:27:29,140 --> 00:27:34,870
1315
+ ูƒุฐุงู„ุฃ ู‡ุงู† ุจูƒููŠ ุงู„ุขู† ุงุชุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
1316
+
1317
+ 330
1318
+ 00:27:34,870 --> 00:27:37,750
1319
+ Anatomy and Physiology of the Pons Anatomy and
1320
+
1321
+ 331
1322
+ 00:27:37,750 --> 00:27:41,770
1323
+ Physiology of the Medibrain ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุงู„ู ุนุงููŠุฉ ูˆ
1324
+
1325
+ 332
1326
+ 00:27:41,770 --> 00:27:45,090
1327
+ ุฏู…ุชู… ุจุฎูŠุฑ ู‡ุฐุง ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ
1328
+
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PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/KC7cRucLKTU_raw.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,1368 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:04,980 --> 00:00:08,160
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:08,160 --> 00:00:12,980
7
+ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุฑุงุญ ุฃูƒูˆู† ู…ุนุงูƒู… ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ anatomy and
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:12,980 --> 00:00:17,460
11
+ physiology of the brain sim ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:17,460 --> 00:00:19,700
15
+ anatomy and physiology of the brain sim
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:23,700 --> 00:00:27,880
19
+ ุงุฎุฏู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ morphological
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:27,880 --> 00:00:31,680
23
+ subdivisions of the brain ูˆ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุงู† ุงู„ brain
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:31,680 --> 00:00:36,140
27
+ contains cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem ูˆ ู…ู† ุถู…ู†
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:36,140 --> 00:00:39,500
31
+ ุงู„ cerebrum ุชุญุชู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ lower part of the cerebrum
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:39,500 --> 00:00:44,200
35
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ diencephalonุงู„ุณุฑ ุจุฑุงู…ุฌุฉ ุฑุงุญู†ุงู‡ ูˆ ุงู„ุณุฑ
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:44,200 --> 00:00:48,240
39
+ ุจูŠู„ุง ู…ุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู†ู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู†ุง ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ brain stem
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:48,240 --> 00:00:53,260
43
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฌุฏุน ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ุจุฏูˆู† brain stem ู…ุด ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู†
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:00:53,260 --> 00:00:58,060
47
+ ูŠุนูŠุด ู„ูˆ ู…ุงุช ุงู„ brain stem ู…ุงุช ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุฑุงูƒุฒ
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:00:58,060 --> 00:01:04,260
51
+ ุงู„ุญูŠูˆูŠุฉ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ brain stem ุงู„ brain stem
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:04,260 --> 00:01:11,920
55
+ located in the posterior cranial fossain front of
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:11,920 --> 00:01:16,200
59
+ the cerebellum and for ventricle ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ brain
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:16,200 --> 00:01:20,760
63
+ stem ุฌุฏุฏ ุฏู…ุงุบ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ posterior cranial fossa
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:20,760 --> 00:01:28,860
67
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃู…ุงู… ุงู„ู…ุฎูŠุฎ ูˆ ุฃู…ุงู… ุงู„ุจุทูŠู† ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน the brain
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:28,860 --> 00:01:34,120
71
+ stem formed of the following part ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† three
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:34,120 --> 00:01:42,080
75
+ parts ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุซู„ุงุซ ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ู„ูˆ ุจุฏู†ุง ู…ู† ุชุญุชู„ู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุฃูˆ
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:42,080 --> 00:01:48,480
79
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุณูู„ ู„ู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ medulla oblongata ุชุนู…ู„
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:48,480 --> 00:01:51,960
83
+ continuation with spinal cord ุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูŠ continuous
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:01:51,960 --> 00:01:55,260
87
+ with spinal cord ุจุนุฏ medulla oblongata ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:01:55,260 --> 00:02:03,080
91
+ spinal cord Pons ุฌุณุฑ between the midbrain and
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:03,080 --> 00:02:08,160
95
+ medulla oblongataูˆ ุงู„ู€ upper part is mid brain
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:08,160 --> 00:02:12,740
99
+ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ุงู„ุฃูˆุณุท ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ูˆ continuous ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ู…ุน ุงู„
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:12,740 --> 00:02:16,060
103
+ cerebral hemisphere ู…ุน ุงู„ cerebral hemisphere
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:16,060 --> 00:02:25,020
107
+ relations of brain stem ุงู„ brain stem ุฌุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:25,020 --> 00:02:31,020
111
+ above ู…ู† ุฃุนู„ู‰ุงู„ู€ midbrain is continuous with
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:31,020 --> 00:02:34,400
115
+ cerebral hemisphere ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ midbrain ููˆู‚
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:34,400 --> 00:02:38,420
119
+ continuous with ุฃูŠู‡ุŸ with cerebral hemisphere
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:38,420 --> 00:02:46,240
123
+ below ู…ู† ุชุญุช ู…ูŠุถุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง continuous with ุฃูŠู‡ุŸ
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:02:46,240 --> 00:02:51,820
127
+ with spinal cord ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ุนุฑูู†ุง above ุงู„ midbrain
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:02:51,820 --> 00:02:56,640
131
+ ู…ุน ุงู„ cerebral hemisphereุจุงู„ุฃุณูู„ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃูˆุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:02:56,640 --> 00:03:03,880
135
+ ุชุณุชู…ุฑ ุจุงู„ู€ A ู…ุน ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุจุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑูŠุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:03,880 --> 00:03:11,960
139
+ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ Pons ูˆ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุนู„ู‰ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃูˆุจุฑ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ู…ู‚ูู„ุฉ
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:13,250 --> 00:03:18,250
143
+ from cerebellum by fourth ventricle ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ููŠู†ุง
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:18,250 --> 00:03:24,330
147
+ fourth ventricle cavity ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠูุตู„ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ palms
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:24,330 --> 00:03:28,710
151
+ ูˆ ุงู„ upper medulla ุงูˆ open medulla ุนู† ู…ู†ุŸ ุนู† ุงู„
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:28,710 --> 00:03:39,570
155
+ cerebellum ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ู‡ูŠ ุงู†ู‡ ูˆุงุถุญ Medulla
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:39,570 --> 00:03:40,230
159
+ oblongata
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:43,200 --> 00:03:49,120
163
+ ุชุญุช ุงู„ุณู…ูŠุฑ ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน spinal cord ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ูŠุถุงู„ุฉ ู‚ุจู„
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:49,120 --> 00:03:56,260
167
+ ุงู† ุฌุชู‡ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ bones ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู†
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:56,260 --> 00:04:01,040
171
+ ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ midbrain ุงู„ midbrain continuous ุงุนู„ู‰
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:04:01,040 --> 00:04:06,700
175
+ ู…ุน ุงู„ cerebral hemisphere ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ูููŠ ุงู†ุฏูŠ cavity
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:04:06,700 --> 00:04:12,660
179
+ of fourth ventricle ุจูŠุนู…ู„ separation between the
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:04:12,660 --> 00:04:18,760
183
+ pons ูˆ ุฃุจุนุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู‡ู… separation ุนู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:18,760 --> 00:04:23,180
187
+ ุนู† ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ cerebellum ุงู„cerebellum ุจูŠุญุฏ ุงู„
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:23,180 --> 00:04:30,820
191
+ fourth ventricle ู…ู† ุฎู„ููŠ ูˆุงุถุญ
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:30,820 --> 00:04:41,100
195
+ ุงู†ุฏูŠ ุฃูŠูˆุฉ fourth ventricleุจูุตู„ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ Pons ูˆ
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:41,100 --> 00:04:48,100
199
+ Upper Medulla ุนู†
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:48,100 --> 00:04:56,020
203
+ ุงู„ู€ Cerebellum okay ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ relations ุจุชุงุนุฉ
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:56,020 --> 00:05:00,300
207
+ brain stem relation of the brain stem
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:05:05,740 --> 00:05:10,680
211
+ What's the functions of brainstemุŸ ุงูˆู„ ุดูŠุก
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:05:10,680 --> 00:05:15,000
215
+ cardiovascular center ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒ ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ุชุญูƒู…
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:05:15,000 --> 00:05:19,840
219
+ ุจุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู„ุจุฑุงูŠู† ุงู„ุณู… ู…ุงุช ู„ุจุฑุงูŠู† ุงู„ุณู… ู…ุงุช ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:05:19,840 --> 00:05:25,720
223
+ ู…ุงุช ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† respiratory and calf center ุงูŠู‡ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:05:25,720 --> 00:05:33,550
227
+ ุจู…ุฑูƒุฒ ุงู„ุชุญูƒู… ุจุชู†ูุณ ูˆ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ูƒุญูˆู„ุŸุงู„ู€ swallowing
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:05:33,550 --> 00:05:42,390
231
+ and vomiting center ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจู„ุน ูˆ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชู‚ูŠู‚
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:42,390 --> 00:05:49,790
235
+ sleep center ู…ุฑูƒุฒ ุงู„ู†ูˆู… center for eye movement
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:49,790 --> 00:05:57,050
239
+ ู…ุฑูƒุฒ ุงู„ุชุญูƒู… ุจุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู†ูŠู† reticular nuclei ูู‰
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:57,050 --> 00:05:59,870
243
+ ุฑุชูŠูƒูˆู„ุงุฑ ููˆุฑู…ูŠุดู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ูˆูŠู† ูู‰ ุงู„ brain stem
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:06:01,200 --> 00:06:05,940
247
+ alertness and consciousness ุงู„ูŠู‚ุธุฉ ูˆุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ูˆุนูŠ
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:06:05,940 --> 00:06:12,040
251
+ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ brain ุงู„ุณู… ุงู„ vestibular ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ูˆ
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:06:12,040 --> 00:06:17,290
255
+ ุงู„ functions ุงู„ุจุณุชุฑุงู„ุงู„ู€ conduction function ุจูŠู…ุฑ
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:06:17,290 --> 00:06:22,930
259
+ ููŠ ุงู„ brain ุงุณู… ascending and descending tracks ุงู„
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:06:22,930 --> 00:06:25,470
263
+ ascending ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุจุท ุงู„ spinal cord ู…ุน ุงู„ cerebrum
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:06:25,470 --> 00:06:29,850
267
+ ูˆ descending ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุจุท ุงู„ brain ู…ุน spinal cord
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:06:29,850 --> 00:06:35,310
271
+ ูˆุฃู‡ู… ุดูŠุก ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ brain ุงุณู… ุงู„ู†ูƒู„ูŠุงูŠุฉ
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:35,310 --> 00:06:45,100
275
+ cranial nerves ู†ูƒู„ูŠุงูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุฃูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนุตุจCranial
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:45,100 --> 00:06:53,300
279
+ nerve ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู„ุญุฏ cranial nerve ุงุชู†ุงุด ู…ู† ุซู„ุงุซุฉ
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:53,300 --> 00:07:02,640
283
+ ู„ุงุชู†ุงุด ู„ูŠู‡ ู„ุฃู† cranial nerve nucleus ุฑู‚ู…
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:07:02,640 --> 00:07:07,760
287
+ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ timbral loop ูˆ ุฑู‚ู… ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:07:07,760 --> 00:07:14,900
291
+ ููŠ ุงู„ occipital loopู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู† ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู„ุงุชู†ุงุด
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:07:14,900 --> 00:07:19,360
295
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ brain stem
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:07:23,250 --> 00:07:27,410
299
+ and it's important as extrapyramidal function ู„ุฃู†
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:07:27,410 --> 00:07:30,790
303
+ ููŠ ุงู„ brain ุงู„ุณู… ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ substantia negra
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:07:30,790 --> 00:07:34,810
307
+ substantia negra ุชูุฑุฒ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุญุฏุซ
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:07:34,810 --> 00:07:38,990
311
+ ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ ุฅูุฑุงุฒ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:07:38,990 --> 00:07:42,750
315
+ Parkinson ู…ุฑุถ Parkinson ุฃูˆ ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุดู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุฑุนุงุด
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:07:45,550 --> 00:07:51,590
319
+ ุจุณุชุฑุงู„ ุฑูู„ูŠูƒุณุŒ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ุจุณุชุฑุงู„ ุฑูู„ูŠูƒุณุŸ ุงู„ุจุณุชุฑุงู„ ู…ุฏูู†ุฉ
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:51,590 --> 00:07:58,270
323
+ ูƒู…ู‚ุงูˆู…ุฉ ุนุถูˆูŠุฉ ุนุถูˆูŠุฉ ู„ุฌุณู… ุงู„ู…ุณุงูุฉ ุจุณุจุจ ุงู„ุถุบุทุŒ ุงู„ุงู†
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:58,270 --> 00:08:01,390
327
+ ุงู†ุง ูˆุงู‚ูุŒ ู„ูˆ ู…ุงูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุจุณุชุฑุงู„ ูƒุงู† ูˆุฌู‡ุฏ ุงู†ุงุŒ
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:08:01,390 --> 00:08:08,510
331
+ ู…ุงู‚ุฏุฑุด ุงุชุงุฌูุŒ ู„ุงู† ู‡ูŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุญูƒู…ููŠ ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ู„ู„ุจุญุซ ุนู†
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:08:08,510 --> 00:08:15,670
335
+ reflex static reflex ุงู†ุง ุงู„ุขู† ููŠ ูˆุถุน ุซุจุช ุงูˆ ุฌู„ุณุช
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:08:15,670 --> 00:08:21,110
339
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูƒุฑุณู‰ ู…ุงุจู…ูŠู„ุด ู…ุงุจุฌุนุด ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ static reflex
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:08:21,110 --> 00:08:26,390
343
+ maintain the balance during rest ุงุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ุฑุงุญุฉ ุทูŠุจ
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:08:26,390 --> 00:08:31,490
347
+ ู„ูˆ ุงู†ุง ุงุชุญุฑูƒุช ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ static kinetic reflex maintain
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:08:31,490 --> 00:08:36,520
351
+ the balance during movement ุงู†ุง ุงุชุญุฑูƒุชูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:08:36,520 --> 00:08:44,180
355
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ static-kinetic ุฃู†ุง ุฌู„ุณุช ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ static
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:08:44,180 --> 00:08:52,040
359
+ reflex ู„ุฃู†ุง ุฃุจุฏุฃ ุจู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:08:52,040 --> 00:08:58,360
363
+ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง is the lower part of
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:08:58,360 --> 00:09:04,930
367
+ brain stem ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุตู†ุฏูˆู‚ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุงูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ูŠ lower part of
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:09:04,930 --> 00:09:11,070
371
+ brainstem ุงู„ relation ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ุง ุจูŠุถู„ ุฃุจู„ู†ุฌุงุชู‡ุง above
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:09:11,070 --> 00:09:17,790
375
+ continuous with points ู…ู† ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุชุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ points
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:09:17,790 --> 00:09:23,470
379
+ ุฃูˆ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ pointsbelow ู…ู† ุฃุณูู„ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:09:23,470 --> 00:09:29,050
383
+ spinal cord ุชุนู…ู„ู†ุง continuation ู„ spinal cord ุชุจู‚ู‰
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:09:29,050 --> 00:09:34,010
387
+ ู‡ูŠ ุชุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน spinal cord ุนู„ู‰ ุฃูŠ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:09:34,010 --> 00:09:39,590
391
+ foramen magnum at the level of foramen magnum ุฎูŠุงู„
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:09:39,590 --> 00:09:47,470
395
+ ุฏูŠ ุทุจ ุงู‡ูŠ ู†ูุณูŠ ู…ุง ุจู…ุดูŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ ู‚ุจู„ ุงู† ุฌุช ุนู„ู‰
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:09:47,470 --> 00:09:54,860
399
+ ุณุฌุฏ ุชุฑูƒุชุงู„ู€ Medulla Oblongata ู‚ู„ู†ุง Below ุชุญุช ู…ุน
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:09:54,860 --> 00:10:02,840
403
+ Spinal Cord ู…ู† ุฃุนู„ู‰ ููˆู‚ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Bones ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:10:02,840 --> 00:10:07,080
407
+ Medulla Oblongata ุงู„ู€ Medulla Oblongata ุจุชุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู†
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:10:07,080 --> 00:10:14,820
411
+ ุฌุฒุฆูŠู† ุฌุฒุก
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:10:14,820 --> 00:10:17,140
415
+ ุนู„ูˆูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:10:18,500 --> 00:10:25,020
419
+ open ูุงุชุญ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ fourth ventricle ูˆุฌุฒุก ุณูู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:10:25,020 --> 00:10:28,660
423
+ closed ู…ุงู„ูˆุด ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ fourth ventricle ูŠู…ูƒู† ู‡ุฐุง
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:10:28,660 --> 00:10:34,100
427
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง open ู…ุถู„ุฉ
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:10:34,100 --> 00:10:42,080
431
+ ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง closed ู…ุถู„ุฉ ุงู„ open ู…ุถู„ุฉ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:10:42,080 --> 00:10:47,960
435
+ upper partุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุนู„ูˆูŠ ูˆ ู…ุฏู„ุฉ ู…ู‚ูู„ุฉ ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง lower
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:10:47,960 --> 00:10:53,440
439
+ part ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉ relation of ู…ุฏู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชู‡ ุฃุณูู„
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:10:53,440 --> 00:10:59,200
443
+ ุชุญุช spinal cord ุฃุนู„ู‰ bones ุทุจ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุถูŠููˆุง ูƒู…ุงู†
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:10:59,200 --> 00:11:06,260
447
+ ุญุงุฌุฉ posterior ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู open
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:11:06,260 --> 00:11:09,720
451
+ ู…ุฏู„ุฉ ุจูŠุญุฏู‡ุง ุงู„ fourth ventricle ุจูŠูุตู„ู‡ุง ุนู† ู…ู†ุŸ ุนู†
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:11:09,720 --> 00:11:10,480
455
+ ุงู„ cerebellum
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:11:13,310 --> 00:11:19,230
459
+ Okay ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏูŠ lower spinal cord above bones ู…ู†
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:11:19,230 --> 00:11:23,330
463
+ ุงู„ุฎู„ู ุงู„ cerebellum ูˆ ุงู„ fourth ventricle ุจูŠุญุฏ ู…ูŠู†
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:11:23,330 --> 00:11:27,870
467
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ upper part ุฃูˆ open ู…ูŠุฏู„ุฉ
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:11:32,670 --> 00:11:37,090
471
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ุจุณ ู‡ุฐูŠ Anti-review ู„ูŠุด ู‚ู„ู†ุง
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:11:37,090 --> 00:11:42,170
475
+ Anti-reviewุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ ventricle ุงู„ fourth ventricle
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:11:42,170 --> 00:11:49,030
479
+ ู…ุด ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ fourth ventricle ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ุฎู„ู ู‡ุฐูŠ
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:11:49,030 --> 00:11:59,130
483
+ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ุชุญุช
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:11:59,130 --> 00:12:07,360
487
+ spinal cordููˆู‚ Pons ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ูŠุถุงู„ุฉ ู‚ุจู„ุงู† ุฌุฏุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:12:07,360 --> 00:12:13,500
491
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ cerebellum ูˆ ุงู„ fourth ventricle ุจูุตู„ู‡ู…
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:12:13,500 --> 00:12:26,940
495
+ ุนู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ open ู…ูŠุถุงู„ุฉ ุงูˆ ุงู„ upper ู…ูŠุถุงู„ุฉ ู†ูƒู…ู„
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:12:28,350 --> 00:12:31,690
499
+ ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชู‡ ุงู†ุง ุดุฑูŠุญุชู‡ู… ุดุฑูŠุญุชูƒู… ุฅูŠุงู‡ู…
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:12:31,690 --> 00:12:36,610
503
+ part of the ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชู‡ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชู‡
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:12:36,610 --> 00:12:45,210
507
+ ุฅู„ู‡ุง ุฌุฒุกูŠู† ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุงุณู…ู‡ closed ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:12:45,210 --> 00:12:49,990
511
+ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ open ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุณู…ูŠู‡ู… ุดูŠุก ุซุงู†ูŠุŸ ู…ู…ูƒู†
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:12:49,990 --> 00:12:56,770
515
+ ุงู„ closed ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุณู…ูŠู‡Lower ู…ุถุงู„ุฉ ูˆ Open
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:12:56,770 --> 00:13:01,030
519
+ ู…ุถุงู„ุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง Upper ู…ุถุงู„ุฉ ู„ูŠู‡ ุณุงู…ุชู‡ุง Open
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:13:01,030 --> 00:13:02,590
523
+ ู…ุถุงู„ุฉุŸ
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:13:05,570 --> 00:13:10,130
527
+ opens into the fourth ventricle ูุชุญุฉ ุจูŠุญุฏู‡ุง ู…ู†
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:13:10,130 --> 00:13:14,330
531
+ ุงู„ุฎู„ู fourth ventricle ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุณู…ู†ุงู‡ุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ open
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:13:14,330 --> 00:13:18,550
535
+ medulla ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ open medulla ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ upper part ุงูˆ
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:13:18,550 --> 00:13:21,890
539
+ ุงู„ upper half of the medulla ุฃุจู„ุงู† ุฌุงุชุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:13:21,890 --> 00:13:25,030
543
+ ุงู„ุนู„ูˆูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฏulla ุฃุจู„ุงู† ุฌุงุชุฉ ุณู…ู†ุงู‡ุง open medulla
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:13:25,030 --> 00:13:28,690
547
+ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชูƒูˆู† ูุงุชุญุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ fourth ventricle ุนู„ู‰
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:13:28,690 --> 00:13:33,510
551
+ ุงู„ุจุทูŠู† ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ุงู„ closed medullaุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:13:33,510 --> 00:13:36,790
555
+ lower half of the medulla ุฃูˆ lower part of the
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:13:36,790 --> 00:13:40,450
559
+ medulla ุณู…ูˆู‡ุง closed medulla ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ุง
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:13:40,450 --> 00:13:46,630
563
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ central canal ูˆ ู‡ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† closed
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:13:46,630 --> 00:13:51,050
567
+ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ fourth ventricle ู…ุง ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูุงุชุญุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:13:51,050 --> 00:13:53,910
571
+ fourth ventricle ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุณู…ูˆู‡ุง closed medulla
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:13:55,400 --> 00:14:01,600
575
+ continuous with spinal cord .. central canal ูŠุจู‚ู‰
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:14:01,600 --> 00:14:05,120
579
+ ู„ูˆ ุณุฃู„ูƒูˆุง ุณุคุงู„ ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนุงู…ู„ continuous with
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:14:05,120 --> 00:14:07,700
583
+ spinal cordุŸ ุงู„ open ู…ูŠุถู„ุฉ ูˆู„ุง ุงู„ closed ู…ูŠุถู„ุฉุŸ
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:14:07,700 --> 00:14:10,680
587
+ ุฑุงุญ ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ closed ู…ูŠุถู„ุฉ ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ central
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:14:10,680 --> 00:14:14,140
591
+ spinal canalุŸ ุงู„ open ู…ูŠุถู„ุฉ ูˆู„ุง ุงู„ closed ู…ูŠุถู„ุฉุŸ
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:14:14,140 --> 00:14:15,700
595
+ ุฑุงุญ ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ closed ู…ูŠุถู„ุฉ
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:14:19,710 --> 00:14:22,630
599
+ ู‡ุฐุง posterior view ู‡ุฐุง posterior view ู„ุฃู†
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:14:22,630 --> 00:14:29,630
603
+ ุงู„ุณูŠุฑูŠุจูŠู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฎู„ู ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:14:29,630 --> 00:14:38,110
607
+ ุฃุจู„ู†ุฌุงุชู‡ุง ุฅู„ู‡ุง ุฌุฒุฆูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง open ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ูˆู‡ุฐุง closed
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:14:38,110 --> 00:14:42,650
611
+ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ู„ูŠู‡ ู‡ุฐุง open ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ูุงุชุญุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู†
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:14:42,650 --> 00:14:45,810
615
+ ุนูˆูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ fourth ventricู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ pons
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:14:48,840 --> 00:14:52,820
619
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุนู„ูˆูŠ ุงู„ upper part open ุงู„ lower part
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:14:52,820 --> 00:14:58,360
623
+ closed ุงู„ุขู†
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:14:58,360 --> 00:15:03,540
627
+ ุจู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ external features of ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃูˆ ุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:15:03,540 --> 00:15:06,200
631
+ external features of ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃูˆ ุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:15:06,200 --> 00:15:10,260
635
+ anterolateral service
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:15:11,640 --> 00:15:15,500
639
+ ููŠู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† anterior median fissure ุงู„ุงู†ุชูŠุฑูˆ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู†
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:15:15,500 --> 00:15:19,360
643
+ ูุดุงุฑ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุฌุณู… ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงูˆ ุจู„ุงู† ุฌู‡ุชู‡ุง ู„ right side
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:15:19,360 --> 00:15:24,140
647
+ ูˆ left side ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุซู…ุงู†ู‰ pyramids ุงู„ pyramids
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:15:24,140 --> 00:15:28,020
651
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู† ุงูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… corticospinal tract
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:15:28,020 --> 00:15:32,700
655
+ ุงู„ูุงูŠุจุฑุฒ ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ูุงูŠุจุฑุฒ ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:15:32,700 --> 00:15:37,860
659
+ ุงู„ motor functionsPyramidal Decassation Pyramidal
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:15:37,860 --> 00:15:44,220
663
+ Decassation Pyramidal Decassation Pyramidal
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:15:44,220 --> 00:15:44,760
667
+ Decassation Pyramidal Decassation Pyramidal
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:15:44,760 --> 00:15:44,760
671
+ Decassation Pyramidal Decassation Pyramidal
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:15:44,760 --> 00:15:44,760
675
+ Decassation Pyramidal Decassation Pyramidal
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:15:44,760 --> 00:15:44,760
679
+ Decassation Pyramidal Decassation Pyramidal
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:15:44,760 --> 00:15:44,760
683
+ Decassation Pyramidal Decassation Pyramidal
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:15:44,760 --> 00:15:44,980
687
+ Decassation Pyramidal Decassation Pyramidal
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:15:44,980 --> 00:15:44,980
691
+ Decassation Pyramidal Decassation Pyramidal
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:15:44,980 --> 00:15:44,980
695
+ Decassation Pyramidal Decassation Pyramidal
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:15:44,980 --> 00:15:44,980
699
+ Decassation Pyramidal Decassation Pyramidal
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:15:44,980 --> 00:15:44,980
703
+ Decassation Pyramidal Decassation Pyramidal
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:15:44,980 --> 00:15:44,980
707
+ Decassation Pyramidal Decassation Pyramidal
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:15:44,980 --> 00:15:44,980
711
+ Decassation Pyramidal Decassation Pyramidal
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:15:44,980 --> 00:15:48,070
715
+ Decassationูˆุงู„ู€ left ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ูŠุณุฑู‰ ู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ูŠู…ู†ู‰
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:15:48,070 --> 00:15:51,670
719
+ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ decassation ุงูˆ crossing ู„ุฅู„ู‡ู… ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ู„ูˆ
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:15:51,670 --> 00:15:55,010
723
+ ุตุงุฑ ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ููŠ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุงู„ุดู„ุงู„ ููŠ
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:15:55,010 --> 00:15:57,930
727
+ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:15:57,930 --> 00:16:01,470
731
+ ุงู„ุดู„ุงู„ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ูŠู…ู†ู‰ ุนุดุงู† ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:16:01,470 --> 00:16:07,070
735
+ crossing ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุญุฏุซ ูˆููŠ anterior lateral sulcus
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:16:10,550 --> 00:16:14,550
739
+ ูˆ ููŠ posterior lateral sulcus right and left ููŠ ุงู„
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:16:14,550 --> 00:16:18,730
743
+ anterior lateral sulcus ุจูŠู…ุฑ ุงุญู†ุง ู…ุชุฐูƒุฑูŠู† ู„ู…ุง
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:16:18,730 --> 00:16:22,190
747
+ ุดุฑุญู†ุง ู„ูƒูˆุง ุงู„ cranial nerves ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุงุชู†ูŠู†
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:16:22,190 --> 00:16:26,070
751
+ ุงุฑุจุนุฉ ุงุฑุจุนุฉ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง cerebral hemisphere
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:16:26,070 --> 00:16:31,170
755
+ ูˆุงู„ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุจุนุฏู‡ู… midbrain ูˆุงู„ุงุฑุจุนุฉ ุจุนุฏู‡ู… pons
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:16:31,170 --> 00:16:36,870
759
+ ูˆุงู„ุงุฑุจุนุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑุงู†ูŠู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ medulla
760
+
761
+ 191
762
+ 00:16:36,870 --> 00:16:43,060
763
+ oblongataู„ุฃ ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุน ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑุงู† ู‡ู… ู…ู†ุŸ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุชุงุณุน
764
+
765
+ 192
766
+ 00:16:43,060 --> 00:16:49,840
767
+ Glossopharyngeal Vagus Accessory and hypoglossal
768
+
769
+ 193
770
+ 00:16:49,840 --> 00:16:52,980
771
+ nerve ู‚ู„ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ู‚ุจู„ ุงู† ุฌูŠุช ุงู†ุง ู‡ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†
772
+
773
+ 194
774
+ 00:16:52,980 --> 00:16:57,120
775
+ ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุน ุนุตุงุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… Glossopharyngeal nerve, Vegas
776
+
777
+ 195
778
+ 00:16:57,120 --> 00:17:01,040
779
+ nerve, Accessory and hypoglossal nerve ููŠ ุงู„
780
+
781
+ 196
782
+ 00:17:01,040 --> 00:17:04,860
783
+ anterior lateral service ู‚ู„ู†ุง ููŠ anterior lateral
784
+
785
+ 197
786
+ 00:17:04,860 --> 00:17:08,790
787
+ sulcus right and left ุงูˆ sulciููŠ ุงู„ู€ Anterolateral
788
+
789
+ 198
790
+ 00:17:08,790 --> 00:17:12,150
791
+ Salcus Membrane ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฃูˆ ุจุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
792
+
793
+ 199
794
+ 00:17:12,150 --> 00:17:16,070
795
+ Hypoglossal nerve ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุนุดุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ posterior
796
+
797
+ 200
798
+ 00:17:16,070 --> 00:17:20,110
799
+ lateral right ูˆ left ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฅูŠุด
800
+
801
+ 201
802
+ 00:17:20,110 --> 00:17:23,230
803
+ Glossopharyngeal nerve ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุชุงุณุฑ Vegas nerve
804
+
805
+ 202
806
+ 00:17:23,230 --> 00:17:27,430
807
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุนุงุดุฑ ูˆ Hypoglossal nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุนุตุจ
808
+
809
+ 203
810
+ 00:17:27,430 --> 00:17:34,790
811
+ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุนุดุฑ ูˆุงุถุญ ุฃู† ุฏูŠ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ Antirmedian ูุดู‡ุฑ
812
+
813
+ 204
814
+ 00:17:37,970 --> 00:17:46,970
815
+ ูˆุงุถุญุงู† pyramids left right ููŠ olive ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„
816
+
817
+ 205
818
+ 00:17:46,970 --> 00:17:51,010
819
+ extra pyramidal nervous system ููŠ ูƒู…ุงู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
820
+
821
+ 206
822
+ 00:17:51,010 --> 00:17:53,630
823
+ anterior lateral sulcus
824
+
825
+ 207
826
+ 00:17:56,130 --> 00:18:00,530
827
+ ูˆููŠ posterior lateral sulcus ูˆููŠ posterior lateral
828
+
829
+ 208
830
+ 00:18:00,530 --> 00:18:04,050
831
+ sulcus ููŠ ุงู„ู€ anterior lateral sulcus ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ู€
832
+
833
+ 209
834
+ 00:18:04,050 --> 00:18:07,390
835
+ hypoglossal nerve ู…ู† ุงู„ posterior lateral sulcus
836
+
837
+ 210
838
+ 00:18:07,390 --> 00:18:15,530
839
+ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน ูˆ ุงู„ุนุงุดุฑ ูˆ ุงู„ุญุงุฏูŠ ุนุดุฑ ูˆุงุถุญุง ููŠ
840
+
841
+ 211
842
+ 00:18:15,530 --> 00:18:19,490
843
+ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ูƒู…ุงู†ุงู„ู€ Anterior Service of Medulla
844
+
845
+ 212
846
+ 00:18:19,490 --> 00:18:22,290
847
+ Oblongata ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Anterior Service of Medulla
848
+
849
+ 213
850
+ 00:18:22,290 --> 00:18:27,930
851
+ Oblongata ููŠ ุนู† Anterior Median ูุดุงุฑ ููŠ Anterior
852
+
853
+ 214
854
+ 00:18:27,930 --> 00:18:30,590
855
+ Lateral Sulcus ูˆ ููŠ Posterior Lateral Sulcus ู†ูุณ
856
+
857
+ 215
858
+ 00:18:30,590 --> 00:18:33,090
859
+ ุงู„ุดูŠุก Anterior Lateral Sulcus ูˆ Posterior Lateral
860
+
861
+ 216
862
+ 00:18:33,090 --> 00:18:37,470
863
+ Sulcus ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ lower part of Medulla ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง
864
+
865
+ 217
866
+ 00:18:37,470 --> 00:18:41,230
867
+ Pyramidal Decassation Pyramidal Decassation ู‡ุฐู‡
868
+
869
+ 218
870
+ 00:18:41,230 --> 00:18:46,420
871
+ Pyramids left right ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ูŠูุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€
872
+
873
+ 219
874
+ 00:18:46,420 --> 00:18:50,100
875
+ extrapyramidal ู‡ุงู† ุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ anterolateral sulcus
876
+
877
+ 220
878
+ 00:18:50,100 --> 00:18:55,220
879
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุนุดุฑ ุงุชู†ุงุด ุทูŠุจ ู…ู† ุงู„
880
+
881
+ 221
882
+ 00:18:55,220 --> 00:18:59,460
883
+ bossyrolateral ุจุฎุฑุฌ glossopharyngeal vagus ูˆ
884
+
885
+ 222
886
+ 00:18:59,460 --> 00:19:04,300
887
+ accessory nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุชุงุณุน ูˆ ุงู„ุนุงุดุฑ ูˆ ุงุญุฏุงุดุฑ
888
+
889
+ 223
890
+ 00:19:04,300 --> 00:19:07,840
891
+ cranial accessory ุงุฏู‚ cranial accessory nerve
892
+
893
+ 224
894
+ 00:19:14,000 --> 00:19:17,020
895
+ ุงู„ู€ posterior service ุดุฑุญู†ุง ุงู„ู€ anterior service
896
+
897
+ 225
898
+ 00:19:17,020 --> 00:19:21,440
899
+ of ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชู‡ ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ posterior service of
900
+
901
+ 226
902
+ 00:19:21,440 --> 00:19:24,640
903
+ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชู‡ ู‡ู„ ุงู„ posterior service of ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ
904
+
905
+ 227
906
+ 00:19:24,640 --> 00:19:30,400
907
+ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชู‡ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ ุฌุณู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ุฃ open ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ูˆ close
908
+
909
+ 228
910
+ 00:19:30,400 --> 00:19:34,160
911
+ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุทุจ ู„ูŠุด ู…ุงุนู…ู„ุชุด ุงู„ุฌุณู… ู‡ุฐู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ anterior
912
+
913
+ 229
914
+ 00:19:34,160 --> 00:19:37,780
915
+ serviceุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ุงููŠุด fourth ventricle ูˆู…ุงุจู†ู‚ุณู…ุด
916
+
917
+ 230
918
+ 00:19:37,780 --> 00:19:41,440
919
+ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชู‡ ู„ุฃopen ูˆ closed ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู…ุŒ
920
+
921
+ 231
922
+ 00:19:41,440 --> 00:19:45,320
923
+ ุจู†ุฌุณู… ู…ู† ุฎู„ูุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ fourthุŒ ventricle
924
+
925
+ 232
926
+ 00:19:45,320 --> 00:19:49,560
927
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ the posterior surface of the upper half ุฃูˆ ุงู„
928
+
929
+ 233
930
+ 00:19:49,560 --> 00:19:54,220
931
+ open ู…ูŠุถุงู„ุฉ ููŠ ู‡ู†ุง posterior median ููŠ ุดู‡ุฑ ุชู‚ุณู… ู„
932
+
933
+ 234
934
+ 00:19:54,220 --> 00:19:59,270
935
+ right left hypoglossal triangleุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู€
936
+
937
+ 235
938
+ 00:19:59,270 --> 00:20:00,990
939
+ hypoglossal ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ุง hypoglossal ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ุฃูˆ
940
+
941
+ 236
942
+ 00:20:00,990 --> 00:20:04,270
943
+ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง hypoglossal nerve Vestibular trigon ุงู„ู„ูŠ
944
+
945
+ 237
946
+ 00:20:04,270 --> 00:20:07,030
947
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ุง vestibular ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ูŠุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง vestibular
948
+
949
+ 238
950
+ 00:20:07,030 --> 00:20:12,970
951
+ nerve ูˆ ููŠ C ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ vagal trigon ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง
952
+
953
+ 239
954
+ 00:20:12,970 --> 00:20:15,690
955
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ .. ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„
956
+
957
+ 240
958
+ 00:20:15,690 --> 00:20:21,450
959
+ vagus nerve ูˆ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง vagus nerve ุทูŠุจ ููŠ ุงู„ lower
960
+
961
+ 241
962
+ 00:20:21,450 --> 00:20:25,900
963
+ half ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ closed middleููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู…ุชุฏุงุฏ
964
+
965
+ 242
966
+ 00:20:25,900 --> 00:20:28,820
967
+ posteromedian fissure ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู‚ุณู… ู…ู† ูŠู…ูŠู† ู„ุดู…ุงู„
968
+
969
+ 243
970
+ 00:20:28,820 --> 00:20:34,500
971
+ ูˆุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงุฌุฑุงุซูŠู„ ุงุชุฑุงูƒุช ูˆ ุงุฌุฑุงุซูŠู„ ุงูˆ ุงู‚ู†ูŠุฉ ุงุชุฑุงูƒุช ุงูˆ
972
+
973
+ 244
974
+ 00:20:34,500 --> 00:20:38,520
975
+ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆ ุงุฌุฑุงุซูŠู„ ุชูˆุจูŠุฑูƒู„ ูˆ ุงู‚ู†ูŠุฉ ุชูˆุจูŠุฑูƒู„ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
976
+
977
+ 245
978
+ 00:20:38,520 --> 00:20:42,460
979
+ ุงุฌุฑุงุซูŠู„ ุงุชุฑุงูƒุช ูˆ ุงู‚ู†ูŠุฉ ุงุชุฑุงูƒุช ุงูˆ ุชูˆุจูŠุฑูƒู„ ุงู„ุงุฌุฑุงุซูŠู„
980
+
981
+ 246
982
+ 00:20:42,460 --> 00:20:46,310
983
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† medialูˆู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ lower half of the body
984
+
985
+ 247
986
+ 00:20:46,310 --> 00:20:51,230
987
+ ูˆุงู„ูƒูˆู†ูŠุฉ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† lateral ูˆู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู† ุงู„ upper
988
+
989
+ 248
990
+ 00:20:51,230 --> 00:20:54,850
991
+ half of the body ุจุฏู‡ู… ูŠุณู„ู…ูˆุง ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ุฌุฑุณูŠู„
992
+
993
+ 249
994
+ 00:20:54,850 --> 00:20:58,970
995
+ ูˆูƒูˆู†ูŠุฉ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู† ุงู„ deep
996
+
997
+ 250
998
+ 00:20:58,970 --> 00:21:02,010
999
+ sensationูˆุงู„ู€ fine touch ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุตุงุฑ damage
1000
+
1001
+ 251
1002
+ 00:21:02,010 --> 00:21:05,910
1003
+ ู„ู„ุฌุฑุณูŠู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ loss of deep sensation
1004
+
1005
+ 252
1006
+ 00:21:05,910 --> 00:21:08,410
1007
+ and fine touch ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุจุณ ููŠ ุงู„
1008
+
1009
+ 253
1010
+ 00:21:08,410 --> 00:21:11,870
1011
+ lower half of the body ู„ูˆ ุตุงุฑ damage ู„ู„ูƒู†ูŠุช ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ
1012
+
1013
+ 254
1014
+ 00:21:11,870 --> 00:21:14,590
1015
+ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ loss of deep sensation and fine
1016
+
1017
+ 255
1018
+ 00:21:14,590 --> 00:21:20,490
1019
+ touch ุจุณ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ upper limb ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ
1020
+
1021
+ 256
1022
+ 00:21:20,490 --> 00:21:23,230
1023
+ ุงู„ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ุฏูŠ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ oblongata
1024
+
1025
+ 257
1026
+ 00:21:30,480 --> 00:21:37,580
1027
+ ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุนู„ูˆูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ open ู…ูŠุถุงู„ุฉ ูˆ ู‡ุณูˆู ู„ูŠู‡
1028
+
1029
+ 258
1030
+ 00:21:37,580 --> 00:21:41,880
1031
+ closed ู…ูŠุถุงู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุนู„ูˆูŠ ูˆุงุถุนู†ุง ุงู„ posterior
1032
+
1033
+ 259
1034
+ 00:21:41,880 --> 00:21:49,260
1035
+ median ูุดู‡ุฑ ุจูŠู‚ุณู… ู„ู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ูˆ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ููŠู‡ ู‡ู†ุง vegal
1036
+
1037
+ 260
1038
+ 00:21:49,260 --> 00:21:55,740
1039
+ trygonู„ู„ู€ Vegas nerve ููŠ hypoglossal trigon ู„ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1040
+
1041
+ 261
1042
+ 00:21:55,740 --> 00:21:59,880
1043
+ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ hypoglossal nerve ููŠ vestibular trigon ู‡ูŠ
1044
+
1045
+ 262
1046
+ 00:21:59,880 --> 00:22:02,780
1047
+ ุจุชู…ุชุฏ ุงู„ vestibular trigon ููŠ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู†ู‡ุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ
1048
+
1049
+ 263
1050
+ 00:22:02,780 --> 00:22:07,440
1051
+ ุงู„ู€ bones ูˆุฌุฒุก ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ูˆูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงูˆ
1052
+
1053
+ 264
1054
+ 00:22:07,440 --> 00:22:10,900
1055
+ ุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ุจู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ close ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ููŠู‡ุง ุงู†ุง
1056
+
1057
+ 265
1058
+ 00:22:10,900 --> 00:22:15,960
1059
+ ุงูŠู‡ posterior median fissure ููŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ูˆุงุถุญ
1060
+
1061
+ 266
1062
+ 00:22:15,960 --> 00:22:19,920
1063
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ lateral conate trapped
1064
+
1065
+ 267
1066
+ 00:22:21,800 --> 00:22:25,580
1067
+ ูˆุงู„ู€ Medial ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฅุฌุฑุงุซ ุณูŠู„ ุงุชุฑุงูƒุช ุจูŠุณู„ู…ูˆู†ุง
1068
+
1069
+ 268
1070
+ 00:22:25,580 --> 00:22:30,360
1071
+ ู„ู„ูƒูˆู†ูŠุฉ tubercle ูˆุฅุฌุฑุงุซ ุณูŠู„ tubercle ูˆุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ูŠุฉ
1072
+
1073
+ 269
1074
+ 00:22:30,360 --> 00:22:34,080
1075
+ tubercle ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ูŠุฉ nucleus ูˆุฏุงุฎู„ ุฅุฌุฑุงุซ
1076
+
1077
+ 270
1078
+ 00:22:34,080 --> 00:22:38,800
1079
+ ุณูŠู„ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฅุฌุฑุงุซ ุณูŠู„ nucleus ูˆุงู„ูƒูˆู†ูŠุฉ more lateral
1080
+
1081
+ 271
1082
+ 00:22:38,800 --> 00:22:42,380
1083
+ ูˆุฅุฌุฑุงุซ ุณูŠู„ more medial ูˆู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ุงู„ deep
1084
+
1085
+ 272
1086
+ 00:22:42,380 --> 00:22:45,820
1087
+ sensation fine touch ุฅุฌุฑุงุซ ุณูŠู„ ู„ู„ lower half of
1088
+
1089
+ 273
1090
+ 00:22:45,820 --> 00:22:49,080
1091
+ the body ูˆูƒูˆู†ูŠุฉ ู„ู„ upper half of the body
1092
+
1093
+ 274
1094
+ 00:22:58,010 --> 00:23:02,510
1095
+ ุฃุฎุฑ ุฌุฒุฆูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุฃุฎุฑ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุจุชุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„
1096
+
1097
+ 275
1098
+ 00:23:02,510 --> 00:23:05,570
1099
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ Internal Structure of Medulla
1100
+
1101
+ 276
1102
+ 00:23:05,570 --> 00:23:09,370
1103
+ Oblongata ุจุชุฎู„ุต ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน Medulla Oblongata ุงู„
1104
+
1105
+ 277
1106
+ 00:23:09,370 --> 00:23:13,550
1107
+ internal structure of Medulla Oblongata ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„
1108
+
1109
+ 278
1110
+ 00:23:13,550 --> 00:23:18,410
1111
+ nuclei ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุงุฌุฑุณูŠู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงุฌุฑุณูŠู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
1112
+
1113
+ 279
1114
+ 00:23:18,410 --> 00:23:21,830
1115
+ ุงุฌุฑุณูŠู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง media ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† deep
1116
+
1117
+ 280
1118
+ 00:23:21,830 --> 00:23:25,170
1119
+ sensation ุงูˆ proprioception proprioception ู‡ูˆ deep
1120
+
1121
+ 281
1122
+ 00:23:25,170 --> 00:23:29,600
1123
+ sensation and fine touchfrom the lower half of the
1124
+
1125
+ 282
1126
+ 00:23:29,600 --> 00:23:33,980
1127
+ body ุงู„ูƒูˆู†ูŠุฉ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุจุชูƒูˆู† lateral ูˆู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„
1128
+
1129
+ 283
1130
+ 00:23:33,980 --> 00:23:37,000
1131
+ proprioception ุงูˆ deep sensation ูˆูŠ find touch
1132
+
1133
+ 284
1134
+ 00:23:37,000 --> 00:23:40,620
1135
+ from the upper half of the body ูู‰ ุดู‰ุก ุงุณู…ู‡
1136
+
1137
+ 285
1138
+ 00:23:40,620 --> 00:23:43,340
1139
+ inferior olivary ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู…ุด ุฏู‡ ุงู‡ู…ูŠุฉ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุงู„ู„ู‰
1140
+
1141
+ 286
1142
+ 00:23:43,340 --> 00:23:46,570
1143
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ extrapyramidal functionููŠ inferior
1144
+
1145
+ 287
1146
+ 00:23:46,570 --> 00:23:49,710
1147
+ salivary nucleus ุฑุงุญ ู†ุงุฎุฏู‡ุง ู…ุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1148
+
1149
+ 288
1150
+ 00:23:49,710 --> 00:23:53,350
1151
+ glossopharyngeal nerve ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง parasympathetic
1152
+
1153
+ 289
1154
+ 00:23:53,350 --> 00:23:58,110
1155
+ fibers ู„glossopharyngeal nerve ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† parotid
1156
+
1157
+ 290
1158
+ 00:23:58,110 --> 00:24:01,330
1159
+ gland for production of saliva
1160
+
1161
+ 291
1162
+ 00:24:03,910 --> 00:24:06,930
1163
+ ููŠ spinal descending nucleus of trigeminal nerve
1164
+
1165
+ 292
1166
+ 00:24:06,930 --> 00:24:10,910
1167
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฎุงู…ุณ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„
1168
+
1169
+ 293
1170
+ 00:24:10,910 --> 00:24:14,990
1171
+ pain ูˆ ุงู„ temperature sensation ู‡ูŠ ุจุชู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ pons
1172
+
1173
+ 294
1174
+ 00:24:14,990 --> 00:24:18,410
1175
+ medulla oblongata ูˆ ุจุชู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ upper part of
1176
+
1177
+ 295
1178
+ 00:24:18,410 --> 00:24:24,240
1179
+ spinal cord ู…ู† C1 ู„ C4 ูˆ C5ููŠ solitary nucleus
1180
+
1181
+ 296
1182
+ 00:24:24,240 --> 00:24:28,560
1183
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ sensation general and taste
1184
+
1185
+ 297
1186
+ 00:24:28,560 --> 00:24:32,940
1187
+ sensation ู„ู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน ูˆุงู„ุชุงุณุน ูˆุงู„ุนุงุดุฑ ู„ facial
1188
+
1189
+ 298
1190
+ 00:24:32,940 --> 00:24:36,940
1191
+ nerve ูˆglossopharyngeal nerve ูˆvegas nerve ููŠ
1192
+
1193
+ 299
1194
+ 00:24:36,940 --> 00:24:40,940
1195
+ nucleus ambiogas ู‡ุฐูŠ motor nucleus ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ
1196
+
1197
+ 300
1198
+ 00:24:40,940 --> 00:24:44,800
1199
+ ุจุงู„isomatic motor ุจุชุบุฏู‰ ุงู„ skeletal muscles ุจุชุงุนุฉ
1200
+
1201
+ 301
1202
+ 00:24:44,800 --> 00:24:49,480
1203
+ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ glossopharyngeal nerve ูˆvegas nerve
1204
+
1205
+ 302
1206
+ 00:24:49,480 --> 00:24:54,040
1207
+ ูˆcranial axillary nerveููŠ Dorsal nucleus of vagus
1208
+
1209
+ 303
1210
+ 00:24:54,040 --> 00:24:58,260
1211
+ nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ parasympathetic function of
1212
+
1213
+ 304
1214
+ 00:24:58,260 --> 00:25:01,880
1215
+ the vagus nerve it is the most important
1216
+
1217
+ 305
1218
+ 00:25:01,880 --> 00:25:06,880
1219
+ parasympathetic nucleus in the body ูˆhypoglossal
1220
+
1221
+ 306
1222
+ 00:25:06,880 --> 00:25:10,720
1223
+ nucleus ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„hypoglossal nerve which
1224
+
1225
+ 307
1226
+ 00:25:10,720 --> 00:25:16,200
1227
+ supply the internal and external muscle of the
1228
+
1229
+ 308
1230
+ 00:25:16,200 --> 00:25:21,730
1231
+ tongue ุชุนุทูŠ fibers ู„ู„hypoglossal nerveูˆุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
1232
+
1233
+ 309
1234
+ 00:25:21,730 --> 00:25:26,350
1235
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ู€ Dorsal Nucleus ุฃูˆ VegasุŒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
1236
+
1237
+ 310
1238
+ 00:25:26,350 --> 00:25:29,310
1239
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุงู„ู€ Ambiguous Nucleus ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ Motor Nucleus
1240
+
1241
+ 311
1242
+ 00:25:29,310 --> 00:25:32,870
1243
+ ูˆูˆุงุถุญ ุนู†ุฏ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Nucleus ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡
1244
+
1245
+ 312
1246
+ 00:25:32,870 --> 00:25:36,330
1247
+ ู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ Principal Trigeminal Nucleus
1248
+
1249
+ 313
1250
+ 00:25:36,330 --> 00:25:40,630
1251
+ ุฃูˆ ุงุณู… ุซุงู†ูŠ ู„ู‡ุง Descending Spinal Nucleusof
1252
+
1253
+ 314
1254
+ 00:25:40,630 --> 00:25:43,390
1255
+ trigeminal nerve for pain and temperature
1256
+
1257
+ 315
1258
+ 00:25:43,390 --> 00:25:47,210
1259
+ sensation ุจุชู…ุฑุด ู„ุงุญุธู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ bones ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏู„ุงุก
1260
+
1261
+ 316
1262
+ 00:25:47,210 --> 00:25:52,570
1263
+ ุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ูˆููŠ ุงู„ upper part of spinal cord ููŠ
1264
+
1265
+ 317
1266
+ 00:25:52,570 --> 00:25:55,710
1267
+ nucleus solitaris ุฃูˆ solitary nucleus for
1268
+
1269
+ 318
1270
+ 00:25:55,710 --> 00:25:59,450
1271
+ sensation general and taste sensation ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุนุตุจ
1272
+
1273
+ 319
1274
+ 00:25:59,450 --> 00:26:04,950
1275
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ facial ุชุงุณุน glosopharyngeal ูˆvegas
1276
+
1277
+ 320
1278
+ 00:26:04,950 --> 00:26:09,140
1279
+ ู†ูŠุฑุจ ุงู„ุนุงุดุฑูˆ ููŠู‡ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ hypoglossal
1280
+
1281
+ 321
1282
+ 00:26:09,140 --> 00:26:15,060
1283
+ nerveุŒ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุง ูˆ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง motor fibers which
1284
+
1285
+ 322
1286
+ 00:26:15,060 --> 00:26:22,180
1287
+ supply the internal and external muscle of the
1288
+
1289
+ 323
1290
+ 00:26:22,180 --> 00:26:22,620
1291
+ tongue
1292
+
1293
+ 324
1294
+ 00:26:25,540 --> 00:26:28,940
1295
+ ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ corticospinal tract ูƒูŠู ุจูŠุนู…ู„
1296
+
1297
+ 325
1298
+ 00:26:28,940 --> 00:26:31,340
1299
+ ุงู„ crossingุŒ ุงู„ left ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ู„ู„ right ูˆ ุงู„ right
1300
+
1301
+ 326
1302
+ 00:26:31,340 --> 00:26:33,740
1303
+ ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ู„ู„ leftุŒ ู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ crossing ู„ุฅู„ู‡ู… ุงู„
1304
+
1305
+ 327
1306
+ 00:26:33,740 --> 00:26:37,480
1307
+ fibersุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ media ุงู„ู…ู†ุณูƒุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ deep
1308
+
1309
+ 328
1310
+ 00:26:37,480 --> 00:26:43,740
1311
+ sensation ุดุฑุญู†ุงู‡ุง ููŠ deep sensationุงู„ู€ connect
1312
+
1313
+ 329
1314
+ 00:26:43,740 --> 00:26:48,480
1315
+ ู†ูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุจุชูƒูˆู† more lateral ูˆ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ deep
1316
+
1317
+ 330
1318
+ 00:26:48,480 --> 00:26:51,520
1319
+ sensation fine touch of the upper part of the body
1320
+
1321
+ 331
1322
+ 00:26:51,520 --> 00:26:56,420
1323
+ ุงุฌุฑุณูŠู„ ู†ูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ deep sensation ูˆ ุงู„
1324
+
1325
+ 332
1326
+ 00:26:56,420 --> 00:27:00,400
1327
+ fine touch from the lower part of the body ู‡ุฐูŠ
1328
+
1329
+ 333
1330
+ 00:27:00,400 --> 00:27:06,380
1331
+ hypoglossal ู†ูƒู„ูŠุงุณู‡ูŠ ุงู„ pyramidal fibers ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง
1332
+
1333
+ 334
1334
+ 00:27:06,380 --> 00:27:09,280
1335
+ crossing ุนู„ู‰ ููŠ ุงู„ lower part of ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุง ุงูˆ
1336
+
1337
+ 335
1338
+ 00:27:09,280 --> 00:27:11,940
1339
+ ุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ุงู„ left ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ู„ู„ right ูˆ ุงู„ right ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ
1340
+
1341
+ 336
1342
+ 00:27:11,940 --> 00:27:16,160
1343
+ ู„ู„ left ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ ุงู„ู‡ูˆ pyramidal
1344
+
1345
+ 337
1346
+ 00:27:16,160 --> 00:27:20,460
1347
+ decassation ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุฌุฑุณูŠู„ media ุงู„ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู†ูŠุช lateral
1348
+
1349
+ 338
1350
+ 00:27:20,460 --> 00:27:29,140
1351
+ okay ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ olivary nucleus ุงู„ nucleus ambigus ูˆ
1352
+
1353
+ 339
1354
+ 00:27:29,140 --> 00:27:34,870
1355
+ ูƒุฐุงู„ุฃ ู‡ุงู† ุจูƒููŠ ุงู„ุขู† ุงุชุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
1356
+
1357
+ 340
1358
+ 00:27:34,870 --> 00:27:37,750
1359
+ Anatomy and Physiology of the Pons Anatomy and
1360
+
1361
+ 341
1362
+ 00:27:37,750 --> 00:27:41,770
1363
+ Physiology of the Medibrain ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุงู„ู ุนุงููŠุฉ ูˆ
1364
+
1365
+ 342
1366
+ 00:27:41,770 --> 00:27:45,090
1367
+ ุฏู…ุชู… ุจุฎูŠุฑ ู‡ุฐุง ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ
1368
+
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/SLAGdeHLE64.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,1075 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:04,980 --> 00:00:08,800
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ spinal
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:08,800 --> 00:00:14,620
7
+ cord anatomy ุฑุงุญ ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ุฃุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ exit of the spinal
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:14,620 --> 00:00:18,800
11
+ nerve root ุนุดุงู† ู†ูู‡ู… ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ู‡ู„ู‡ ุตุญ ุฑุงุญ ุฃุฑุณู…ู„ูƒู…
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:18,800 --> 00:00:28,180
15
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ููŠุฑุชุจุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงูŠู‡ ููŠุฑุชุจุฑุฉ ููŠุฑุชุจุฑุฉ one ุฃูˆ
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:28,180 --> 00:00:33,480
19
+ c one c two c
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:33,480 --> 00:00:33,840
23
+ three
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:37,610 --> 00:00:46,230
27
+ C4 C5 C6 C7
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:46,230 --> 00:00:56,130
31
+ T1
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:56,130 --> 00:01:00,010
35
+ T2
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:01:00,010 --> 00:01:02,050
39
+ T3
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:01:03,080 --> 00:01:07,540
43
+ ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ vertebra ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงูŠู‡
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:01:07,540 --> 00:01:14,320
47
+ ุงู„ vertebra ุงู„ุขู† ุฑุงุญ ุงุฑุณู… ู„ูƒู… ุจุงู„ู„ูˆู† ุงู„ุฃุญู…ุฑ ุงู„
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:14,320 --> 00:01:20,000
51
+ spinal nerve root ู…ู† ูˆุงู† ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุฃุญู…ุฑ C1 C1
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:20,000 --> 00:01:29,100
55
+ ุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ููˆู‚ C1 vertebra C2 ู…ู† ููˆู‚ C2 vertebra C3 ู…ู†
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:29,100 --> 00:01:39,370
59
+ ููˆู‚ C3 vertebra C4 ู…ู† ููˆู‚ C4 ูˆู…ู† ููˆู‚ C5 ูˆู…ู† ููˆู‚ C6
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:39,370 --> 00:01:52,530
63
+ ูˆู…ู† ููˆู‚ C7 ูˆู…ู† ููˆู‚ C6 ูˆู…ู† ููˆู‚ C7 T1 ููŠ ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู‡ ููŠ
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:52,530 --> 00:02:01,530
67
+ C ูƒู…ุงู† C eighth root ู…ู† ููˆู‚ T1 ุฃูˆ ู…ู† ุชุญุช T7 ู‡ู„ุฃ
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:02:01,530 --> 00:02:09,030
71
+ ุงู†ู‚ู„ุจุช ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ T1 ุตุงุฑ ู…ู† ุชุญุช T1 vertebra T2 ู…ู† ุชุญุช
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:02:09,030 --> 00:02:17,880
75
+ T2 vertebra T3 ู…ู† ุชุญุช T3 vertebra ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ู€ T1 ุตุงุฑ
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:02:17,880 --> 00:02:24,900
79
+ below ู…ู† ุชุญุช ุงู„ vertebra ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ ู…ู† C1 ู„ C7 above
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:02:24,900 --> 00:02:32,780
83
+ ู…ู† ููˆู‚ ุงู„ vertebra ู…ู† ููˆู‚ ุงู„ vertebra ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:02:32,780 --> 00:02:37,740
87
+ spinal nerve ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ intervertebral foramen ู…ู†ู‡ุง
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:02:37,740 --> 00:02:45,160
91
+ C1 ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ horizontally above C1 vertebra ู…ู† C2 ู„ C7
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:45,160 --> 00:02:55,500
95
+ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ู…ู† ููˆู‚ ุงู„ vertebra C8 ุชุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ููˆู‚ T1 ุฃูˆ ู…ู†
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:55,500 --> 00:03:01,460
99
+ ุชุญุช C7 vertebra ู‡ูŠ C8 ุฃู…ุง ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ู…ู† ููˆู‚ T1 vertebra
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:03:01,460 --> 00:03:07,420
103
+ ุฃูˆ ู…ู† ุชุญุช C7 vertebra ุงู„ุซุฑูˆุฑุณูŠูƒ ูˆุงู„ู„ูˆู…ุจุฑ ูˆุงู„ุณุงูƒุฑุงู„
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:03:07,420 --> 00:03:12,800
107
+ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ู…ู† ุชุญุช ุงู„ูุฑุชุจุฑุฉุŒ ู…ู† ุชุญุช ุงู„ูุฑุชุจุฑุฉุŒ ุงู„ู„ูˆุฑ
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:03:12,800 --> 00:03:17,880
111
+ ู„ูˆู…ุจุฑ ุชุญุช ุงู„ุฃู„ูˆุงู† ูˆุงู„ุณุงูƒุฑุงู„ ูˆุงู„ูƒูˆูƒุณูŠุฒูŠุง ุงู„ู†ุงุฑุŒ
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:03:17,880 --> 00:03:24,750
115
+ ุฏู„ุณู†ุช ุจู†ุฒู„ู‡ vertically as a cauda equina ุจู†ุฒู„ู‡ ู…ุซู„
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:03:24,750 --> 00:03:29,290
119
+ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง cauda equina ูˆุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุจุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ู…ู† ุชุญุช ุงู„
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:03:29,290 --> 00:03:34,710
123
+ vertebra ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ู… ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ exit of the spinal nerve
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:03:34,710 --> 00:03:41,690
127
+ root ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ู‡ู†ุง ู„ูˆ ู„ุงุญุธู†ุง C1 ุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ููˆู‚
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:03:41,690 --> 00:03:47,470
131
+ C1 C5
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:03:47,470 --> 00:03:57,900
135
+ root ุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ููˆู‚ C5 Vertebra ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ุงู„ T10 root
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:57,900 --> 00:04:04,300
139
+ ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุชุญุช ุงู„ T10 Vertebra ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ุงู„ T12 root
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:04:04,300 --> 00:04:07,980
143
+ ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุชุญุช ุงู„ T12 Vertebra
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:04:11,370 --> 00:04:15,930
147
+ ูˆ ุงู„ lower lumbar ูˆุงู„ุณุงูƒุฑุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู† ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ู…ู† ุชุญุช
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:04:15,930 --> 00:04:19,810
151
+ ุงู„ vertebra ูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงุณู…ู‡ู… ุงูŠู‡ cauda equina below
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:04:19,810 --> 00:04:25,490
155
+ the termination of the spinal cord cauda equina ู‡ูŠูƒ
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:04:25,490 --> 00:04:31,750
159
+ ุฃู†ุง ุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒู… ุงู„ exit of the spinal nerve root
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:04:36,170 --> 00:04:39,230
163
+ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง two enlargement ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุฃู† ุงู„ spinal cord
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:04:39,230 --> 00:04:43,270
167
+ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ one centimeter ู„ูƒู† ู„ู‡ two enlargement ุงู„ two
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:04:43,270 --> 00:04:48,970
171
+ enlargement ูˆุงุถุญูŠู† ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฑุณู…ุฉ ูŠุฏูˆูŠ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:04:48,970 --> 00:04:54,980
175
+ lumbar enlargement ูˆ ุงู„ู€ cervical enlargement ู‡ู†ุง
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:04:54,980 --> 00:04:59,380
179
+ ุงู„ spinal cord ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ diameter ุชุจุนู‡ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู†
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:04:59,380 --> 00:05:03,640
183
+ ุงู„ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู‡ุงุฏ ุงู„ enlargement two enlargement
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:05:03,640 --> 00:05:07,160
187
+ ููŠู†ุง cervical enlargement ูˆ ููŠู†ุง lumbar
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:05:07,160 --> 00:05:10,580
191
+ enlargement ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ู… cervical and lumbar
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:05:10,580 --> 00:05:20,320
195
+ enlargement cervical enlargement ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† C5 C6
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:05:20,320 --> 00:05:29,480
199
+ C7 C8 and D1 ุฏูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฏูˆุฑุณุงู„ ุฃูˆ T ุซูˆุฑุงุณูŠูƒ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:05:29,480 --> 00:05:34,340
203
+ ุฏูˆุฑุณุงู„ ุฃูˆ ุซูˆุฑุงุณูŠูƒ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ู‡ู… ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† C5 C6 C7 C8
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:05:34,340 --> 00:05:38,420
207
+ and D1 ุฃูˆ T1 segment of the spinal cord ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงูŠุด
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:05:38,420 --> 00:05:43,180
211
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ู†ุง ูŠุง ุฌู…ุงุนุฉ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ู†ุง ุฃูˆ ุจูŠุนุทูˆู†ุง ุงู„ origin
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:05:43,180 --> 00:05:48,430
215
+ of brachial plexus ุงู„ู€ origin ุชุจุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ brachial
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:05:48,430 --> 00:05:52,890
219
+ plexus ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ supplying ู„ู…ู†ุŸ ู„ู„ upper limbs
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:05:52,890 --> 00:05:57,230
223
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ supplying ู„ู…ู†ุŸ ู„ู„ upper limbs ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ุง
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:05:57,230 --> 00:06:03,530
227
+ cervical enlargement ููŠ ุฌุฒุก ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ lumbar
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:06:03,530 --> 00:06:07,990
231
+ enlargement ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ one ุงู„ two ุงู„ three ุงู„
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:06:07,990 --> 00:06:12,730
235
+ four ุงู„ five and as one as two segments of the spinal
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:06:12,730 --> 00:06:17,720
239
+ cord ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจูŠุนุทูˆู†ุง ุงู„ branches ุฃูˆ ุงู„ origin ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ู€
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:06:17,720 --> 00:06:23,000
243
+ lumbosacral plexus which supply the lower limbs
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:06:23,000 --> 00:06:27,440
247
+ ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง load ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุดูŠุก
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:06:27,440 --> 00:06:30,340
251
+ ุจุชุญุฑูƒ ููŠ ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูˆ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุดูŠุก ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ upper
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:06:30,340 --> 00:06:33,120
255
+ limbs ูˆ ุงู„ lower limbs ูˆ ุจุชุญุฑูƒ ูˆ ุจุฏู‡ู… ุฃุนุตุงุจ ูƒุซูŠุฑุฉ
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:06:33,120 --> 00:06:36,300
259
+ ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ spinal cord okay
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:06:36,300 --> 00:06:40,720
263
+ ุจู„ุฒู…ู‡ู… ุงู„ neuron ูƒุซูŠุฑุฉ ููŠ ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ survival ูˆ ุงู„
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:06:40,720 --> 00:06:44,720
267
+ lumbar ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู„ู†ุง enlargement ุงู„ spinal cord ุนุดุงู†
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:06:44,720 --> 00:06:52,100
271
+ ูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงู„ ู‡ูˆ brachial plexus ูˆ lumbosacral plexus
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:52,100 --> 00:06:57,920
275
+ for upper limbs ูˆ lower limbs ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู†
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:57,920 --> 00:07:00,460
279
+ ู‡ุฐุง ููŠู‡ cervical enlargement ููŠ ุงู„ู€ spinal cord
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:07:00,460 --> 00:07:05,400
283
+ ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง brachial plexus ูˆ ุชุญุช ููŠ ุงู„ spinal cord
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:07:05,400 --> 00:07:10,000
287
+ ููŠู‡ lumbar enlargement ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง lumbosacral plexus
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:07:10,000 --> 00:07:16,100
291
+ ู„ู„ู€ lower limbs ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:07:16,100 --> 00:07:20,700
295
+ ุงู„ุขู† ู„ internal structure of the spinal cord
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:07:20,700 --> 00:07:24,740
299
+ internal structure of the spinal cord ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:07:46,240 --> 00:07:52,700
303
+ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ white matter ู‡ุฐู‡
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:07:52,700 --> 00:07:55,860
307
+ white matter ุจุชุฎุชู„ู ุนู† ุงู„ brain ุจุชูƒูˆู† more outer
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:07:55,860 --> 00:08:04,770
311
+ ูˆููŠ ุงู„ grey matter ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ central
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:08:04,770 --> 00:08:08,550
315
+ canal ุจุชูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ grey commissure ู‡ู†ุง ู…ุด ูˆุงุถุญ ูƒุซูŠุฑ
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:08:08,550 --> 00:08:11,290
319
+ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ central canal ู…ุชุฐูƒุฑูŠู† ุงู„ central canal ู‡ุฐุง
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:08:11,290 --> 00:08:13,530
323
+ ุจูŠูุชุญ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏูˆู„ุง ู‚ุจู„ ุงู† ูŠุฌุงู‡ ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ fourth
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:08:13,530 --> 00:08:17,830
327
+ ventricle ูˆุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ CSF ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ููŠ white
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:08:17,830 --> 00:08:20,790
331
+ matter ุจุชูƒูˆู† outer ูˆ grey matter ุจุชูƒูˆู† inner ุงู„ grey
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:08:20,790 --> 00:08:25,010
335
+ matter ุชุดุจู‡ ุญุฑู ุงู„ H ุจุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠ ู…ุซู„ ุญุฑู ุงู„ H ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:08:25,010 --> 00:08:28,030
339
+ ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง commissure grey commissure ู‡ู†ุง ุชุฑุจุท ุงู„
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:08:28,030 --> 00:08:30,570
343
+ right ู…ุน ุงู„ left spinal cord ููŠ ุงู„ grey commissure
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:08:30,570 --> 00:08:43,020
347
+ ููŠ Central Spinal Canal ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุงู‹ 1 ู…ู„ูŠ ู…ุชุฑ ู†ุจุฏุฃ
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:08:43,020 --> 00:08:48,680
351
+ ุจู€ grey matter grey matter ู„ูŠุณ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุดูŠุก ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† nerve
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:08:48,680 --> 00:08:53,320
355
+ cells ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† nerve cells ุชุดุจู‡ ุญุฑู ุงู„ H ุญุฑู ุงู„ H
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:08:53,320 --> 00:08:59,760
359
+ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† anterior horn cells anterior horn cells
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:09:05,550 --> 00:09:08,670
363
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ Anterior Horn Cells ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… Motor Function
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:09:08,670 --> 00:09:17,710
367
+ Motor Function ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ posterior
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:09:17,710 --> 00:09:25,330
371
+ horn cells Posterior horn cells ูˆูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… ุงูŠู‡ Sensory
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:09:25,330 --> 00:09:30,030
375
+ right and left ูˆูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… Sensory ูˆููŠ lateral horn
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:09:30,030 --> 00:09:37,370
379
+ cells ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ููŠ ุซูˆุฑุงุณูŠูƒ ู…ู† T1 ู„ุญุฏ L2 ู‡ุฐุง
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:09:37,370 --> 00:09:43,150
383
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฅุถุงูุฉ horn ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ lateral horn cells
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:09:43,150 --> 00:09:50,890
387
+ lateral horn cells ู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… sympathetic function
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:09:50,890 --> 00:09:56,490
391
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ anterior horn cells ูˆูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… motor
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:09:56,490 --> 00:10:01,130
395
+ right and left ููŠ posterior horn cells right and
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:10:01,130 --> 00:10:07,230
399
+ left ูˆูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… sensory ูˆู…ู† T1 ู„ L2 ููŠ lateral horn
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:10:07,230 --> 00:10:11,390
403
+ cells ูˆูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… sympathetic ุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ู… ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:10:11,390 --> 00:10:16,180
407
+ autonomic nervous system ูˆููŠ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ููŠ Central
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:10:16,180 --> 00:10:23,320
411
+ Spinal Canal Central Spinal Canal Central Spinal
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:10:23,320 --> 00:10:28,320
415
+ Canal ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ CSF ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ Grey
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:10:28,320 --> 00:10:37,040
419
+ Commissure ู‡ุฐู‡ Grey Commissure ุจุชุฑุจุท ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ Right
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:10:37,040 --> 00:10:40,440
423
+ ูˆ Left part of the Spinal Cord
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:10:46,510 --> 00:10:51,710
427
+ Anterior Horn Cells Left Anterior Horn Cells Right
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:10:51,710 --> 00:10:57,410
431
+ ูˆุงุถุงูุชู‡ุง motor ูˆููŠ posterior horn cells left
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:10:57,410 --> 00:11:02,670
435
+ posterior horn cells right ูˆุงุถุงูุชู‡ุง sensory ูˆุงุชูู‚ู†ุง
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:11:02,670 --> 00:11:10,850
439
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ T1 ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ two ููŠู‡ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฅุถุงูุฉ horn
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:11:10,850 --> 00:11:15,650
443
+ lateral horn cells ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุฅูŠู‡ุŸ lateral horn
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:11:15,650 --> 00:11:21,510
447
+ cells lateral horn cells ูˆุงุถุงูุชู‡ุง
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:11:21,510 --> 00:11:25,710
451
+ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ูˆุงุถุงูุชู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ autonomic function autonomic
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:11:25,710 --> 00:11:29,910
455
+ function ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ sympathetic nervous system ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:11:29,910 --> 00:11:40,350
459
+ ู‡ู†ุง horn ุฅุถุงููŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ lateral horn cells ู„ุงุชูŠุฑุงู„ ู‡ูˆุฑู†
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:11:40,350 --> 00:11:44,470
463
+ ุณูŠู„ุฒ ูˆุงุถูŠูุชูˆุง ุงูŠู‡ sympathetic function ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:11:44,470 --> 00:11:48,910
467
+ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ grey commissure grey commissure
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:11:48,910 --> 00:11:51,830
471
+ ุจุชู„ุจุท ุงู„ right ูˆ left part of the spinal cord ูˆููŠ
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:11:51,830 --> 00:11:57,070
475
+ ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ central spinal canal
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:11:57,070 --> 00:12:04,550
479
+ central spinal canal ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ CSF ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:12:04,550 --> 00:12:09,130
483
+ neurons ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ grey matter ููŠ ุงู„ู€ grey ููŠ
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:12:09,130 --> 00:12:13,470
487
+ ุงุชูุงู‚ู†ุง Sensory Neurons ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ูˆูŠู†
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:12:13,470 --> 00:12:17,510
491
+ Sensory NeuronsุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Posterior Horn Cells ูˆููŠ
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:12:17,510 --> 00:12:22,750
495
+ Motor Neurons ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Anterior
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:12:22,750 --> 00:12:26,490
499
+ Horn Cells ุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ุจู†ู‚ุณู…ู‡ ู„ Alpha Motor Neuron
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:12:26,490 --> 00:12:30,770
503
+ ูˆ Gamma Motoneuron ุงู„ู€ Alpha Motoneuron ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู„ู‚ุง
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:12:30,770 --> 00:12:35,670
507
+ ุจุงู„ู€ Large Type A Alpha Motor Fibers ูˆุงุถุงูุชู‡ุง
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:12:35,670 --> 00:12:40,090
511
+ stimulation of the muscle fibers ูˆ ุงู„ gamma
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:12:40,090 --> 00:12:45,710
515
+ motoneuron ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจ control of the muscle tone
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:12:45,710 --> 00:12:51,190
519
+ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ a smaller type of a gamma ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ gamma
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:12:51,190 --> 00:12:56,630
523
+ ูˆุงุถุงูุชู‡ุง control of muscle tone muscle tone ูˆ alpha
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:12:56,630 --> 00:13:01,110
527
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจ stimulation of the muscle fibers ุจูŠู† ุงู„
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:13:01,110 --> 00:13:05,370
531
+ posterior horn ูˆ ุงู„ anterior horn ููŠ ุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:13:05,370 --> 00:13:08,710
535
+ ู…ุชุฐูƒุฑูŠู† ุงู„ reflexุŸ ุดูู†ุงู‡ุŸ ููŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง inter
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:13:08,710 --> 00:13:14,070
539
+ neurons inter neurons ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ inter
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:13:14,070 --> 00:13:18,360
543
+ neurons ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ inter neurons ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง integrative
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:13:18,360 --> 00:13:22,400
547
+ function ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง reflex center ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุจุชูŠุฌูŠ
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:13:22,400 --> 00:13:25,780
551
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ sensory ู„ู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ุนู„ู‰ level spinal cord ู‡ุฐู‡
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:13:25,780 --> 00:13:30,880
555
+ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง reflex center ูˆุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง autonomic
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:13:30,880 --> 00:13:35,480
559
+ neurons ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ spinal cord ุฑุงุญ
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:13:35,480 --> 00:13:39,200
563
+ ุฃุดุฑุญู‡ู… ุงู„ autonomic neurons ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:13:39,200 --> 00:13:42,540
567
+ autonomic nervous system ู…ุด ุฑุงุญ ุฃุชุทุฑู‚ ู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ูŠูˆู…
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:13:45,390 --> 00:13:50,130
571
+ ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ุงู„ white matter ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุฃู† ุงู„ grey matter ููŠ
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:13:50,130 --> 00:13:52,490
575
+ ุงู„ brain ุจุชูƒูˆู† outer ูˆ ุงู„ white matter inner ููŠ ุงู„
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:13:52,490 --> 00:13:57,050
579
+ spinal cord ุงู„ุนูƒุณ ุงู„ grey matter inner ูˆ ุงู„ white
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:13:57,050 --> 00:14:00,930
583
+ matter outer ุงู„ white matter it surrounds the grey
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:14:00,930 --> 00:14:05,570
587
+ matter ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงู„ grey matter and contains
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:14:05,570 --> 00:14:09,170
591
+ ascending and descending tracts ูˆุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ุง ุจูŠู…ุฑ
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:14:09,170 --> 00:14:12,710
595
+ ascending tracts ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… sensory ู…ู† ุงู„ spinal cord
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:14:12,710 --> 00:14:16,570
599
+ ู„ู„ brain ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุนูƒุณ descending tracts ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… motor
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:14:16,570 --> 00:14:22,570
603
+ ุฃูˆ efferent ู…ู† ุงู„ brain ู„ ุงู„ spinal cord ูˆุจู†ู‚ุณู…ู‡
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:14:22,570 --> 00:14:29,710
607
+ ุฅู„ู‰ three columns ุฃูˆ fasciculi anterior column ูˆ
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:14:29,710 --> 00:14:33,430
611
+ lateral column ูˆ posterior column ุงู„ posterior
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:14:33,430 --> 00:14:37,890
615
+ column ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ dorsal column ูˆ anterior column
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:14:37,890 --> 00:14:42,230
619
+ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ventral column ุฃูƒุจุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:14:42,230 --> 00:14:49,650
623
+ lateral column ู†ุจุฏุฃ ู†ุดูˆู ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ grey matter
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:14:59,450 --> 00:15:08,810
627
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงูŠู‡ grey matter ู‡ู†ุง grey commissure ุชู…ุงู…
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:15:08,810 --> 00:15:13,590
631
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ grey commissure ู‡ุฐุง central spinal canal
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:15:16,720 --> 00:15:23,040
635
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ posterior horn cells sensory ู‡ุฐู‡ anterior horn
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:15:23,040 --> 00:15:26,840
639
+ cells motor ู‡ู†ุง ุจุชูƒูˆู† lateral horn cells ุงู„ู„ูŠ
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:15:26,840 --> 00:15:30,500
643
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ autonomic function ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงูŠู‡
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:15:30,500 --> 00:15:35,140
647
+ sympathetic ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ anterior horn cells ูˆ
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:15:35,140 --> 00:15:41,440
651
+ posterior horn cells ุชู…ุงู… ู‡ุฐุง central spinal canal
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:15:44,320 --> 00:15:51,320
655
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุนุชุจุฑ grey matter ุงู„ุขู† ู†ุฑุณู… white matter ู„ุฃู† ุดูˆู ุงู„
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:15:51,320 --> 00:15:54,120
659
+ inter neurons ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุงู„ inter neurons ู‡ู†ุง
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:15:54,120 --> 00:15:59,260
663
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… integrative function ุจูŠุญุงูˆู„ูˆุง
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:15:59,260 --> 00:16:03,820
667
+ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ posterior horn cells ู„ู„
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:16:03,820 --> 00:16:10,360
671
+ anterior horn cells ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… reflex center ู†ุฌูŠ ู†ู‚ุณู…
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:16:10,360 --> 00:16:12,300
675
+ ุงู„ white matter ู„ columns
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:16:20,370 --> 00:16:26,310
679
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ anterior
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:16:26,310 --> 00:16:31,610
683
+ column
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:16:31,610 --> 00:16:34,850
687
+ right
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:16:34,850 --> 00:16:40,550
691
+ ู‡ุงูŠ
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:16:40,550 --> 00:16:46,430
695
+ right ูˆู‡ู†ุง left ู‡ุฐุง right ูˆ
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:16:48,450 --> 00:16:54,870
699
+ ู‡ุฐุง left ู‡ุฐุง ุขุณู ู‡ุฐุง anterior column
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:16:54,870 --> 00:17:10,610
703
+ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ left ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠู‡ right anterior column ู†ุฑุณู…
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:17:10,610 --> 00:17:20,070
707
+ ู‡ู†ุง ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ู‡ุฐู‡ right right right ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ left
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:17:20,070 --> 00:17:30,310
711
+ left left ู‡ู†ุง left posterior
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:17:30,310 --> 00:17:38,610
715
+ column right posterior column ู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠู…ุฑ ascending tracts
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:17:38,610 --> 00:17:43,450
719
+ ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง descending tracts egressory tracts ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:17:43,450 --> 00:17:46,150
723
+ more medial ูˆ commissural tracts ุจูŠูƒูˆู† more lateral
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:17:46,150 --> 00:17:50,230
727
+ ู„ุฏูŠ ุงู„ deep sensation ุดุฑุญู†ุงู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ brain stem ูˆ
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:17:50,230 --> 00:17:54,230
731
+ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ lateral
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:17:54,230 --> 00:18:00,510
735
+ column
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:18:00,510 --> 00:18:12,000
739
+ ู‡ุฐุง left lateral column ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ right lateral
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:18:12,000 --> 00:18:23,420
743
+ column ุฃู†ุง
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:18:23,420 --> 00:18:26,080
747
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ lateral
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:18:26,080 --> 00:18:31,180
751
+ corticospinal tract ู„ู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ูˆ lateral
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:18:31,180 --> 00:18:35,680
755
+ spinothalamic tract ู„ู„ุดุนูˆุฑ ุจุงู„ุถุบุท ูˆุงู„ุดุนูˆุฑ ุจุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:18:35,680 --> 00:18:39,620
759
+ ุฑุงุญ ุฃุดุฑุญู‡ู… ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุงุชู‡ู…
760
+
761
+ 201
762
+ 00:19:15,210 --> 00:19:17,290
763
+ column ูˆุงู„ู€ anterior ูˆุงู„ู€ posterior ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
764
+
765
+ 202
766
+ 00:19:17,290 --> 00:19:32,650
767
+ white matter white matter ู‡ู†ุง
768
+
769
+ 203
770
+ 00:19:32,650 --> 00:19:32,950
771
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
772
+
773
+ 204
774
+ 00:19:37,390 --> 00:19:41,250
775
+ ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ูƒูˆู„ูˆู… ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู† ูุดุงุฑ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ู€ exit
776
+
777
+ 205
778
+ 00:19:41,250 --> 00:19:49,270
779
+ of ุงู„ู€ posterior root posterior median fissure ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ู€ exit
780
+
781
+ 206
782
+ 00:19:49,270 --> 00:19:52,370
783
+ of ุงู„ู€ posterior median fissure ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ู€ exit of ุงู„ู€ posterior
784
+
785
+ 207
786
+ 00:19:52,370 --> 00:19:54,790
787
+ median fissure ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ู€ exit of ุงู„ู€ posterior median fissure
788
+
789
+ 208
790
+ 00:19:54,790 --> 00:19:55,710
791
+ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ู€ exit of ุงู„ู€ posterior median fissure ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ู€ exit
792
+
793
+ 209
794
+ 00:19:55,710 --> 00:20:02,750
795
+ of ุงู„ู€ posterior median fissure ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ู€ exit of ุงู„ู€ posterior
796
+
797
+ 210
798
+ 00:20:02,750 --> 00:20:05,290
799
+ median
800
+
801
+ 211
802
+ 00:20:05,940 --> 00:20:11,680
803
+ lateral column ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุจู„ุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€
804
+
805
+ 212
806
+ 00:20:11,680 --> 00:20:21,360
807
+ right side ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† classification
808
+
809
+ 213
810
+ 00:20:21,360 --> 00:20:28,520
811
+ of tracts the tracts divided into short tract ูˆ
812
+
813
+ 214
814
+ 00:20:28,520 --> 00:20:33,800
815
+ long tract short tract ุงุณู…ู‡ุง associative and
816
+
817
+ 215
818
+ 00:20:33,800 --> 00:20:38,320
819
+ commissural tract. They begin and end in the spinal
820
+
821
+ 216
822
+ 00:20:38,320 --> 00:20:42,100
823
+ cordุŒ ุงู„ู€ commissural tract ุจุฑุจุท ุงู„ู€ right ู…ุน ุงู„ู€
824
+
825
+ 217
826
+ 00:20:42,100 --> 00:20:45,660
827
+ leftุŒ ูˆุงู„ู€ associative tract ุจุฑุจุท ุงู„ู€ adjacent
828
+
829
+ 218
830
+ 00:20:45,660 --> 00:20:52,600
831
+ area C1 ู…ุน C2ุŒ C3ุŒ C4 ูŠุนู†ูŠุŒ they are found closely
832
+
833
+ 219
834
+ 00:20:52,600 --> 00:20:57,040
835
+ in the gray matter ูˆ they are associative in
836
+
837
+ 220
838
+ 00:20:57,040 --> 00:21:01,750
839
+ function. Long tract Long tract ุจุณู…ูŠู‡ู… projection
840
+
841
+ 221
842
+ 00:21:01,750 --> 00:21:07,150
843
+ tract ุงู…ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ascending tract ุตุงุนุฏ ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู…
844
+
845
+ 222
846
+ 00:21:07,150 --> 00:21:12,480
847
+ afferent tract ุฃูˆ sensory tract ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู…ุซู„ lateral
848
+
849
+ 223
850
+ 00:21:12,480 --> 00:21:16,740
851
+ spinothalamic ุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† spinal cord ูˆ ุฑูˆุญ ู„ุชู„ู…ุณ ุฃูˆ
852
+
853
+ 224
854
+ 00:21:16,740 --> 00:21:20,700
855
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง descending tract ู‡ุงุจุท ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูˆู‡ู… efferent
856
+
857
+ 225
858
+ 00:21:20,700 --> 00:21:24,760
859
+ ุฃูˆ motor ู…ุซู„ corticospinal tract lateral
860
+
861
+ 226
862
+ 00:21:24,760 --> 00:21:29,280
863
+ corticospinal tract ุฌุงู…ู„ ุงู„ู€ cortex ูˆ ู†ุงุฒู„ ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ู€
864
+
865
+ 227
866
+ 00:21:29,280 --> 00:21:34,300
867
+ spinal cord ุขุฎุฑ ุฌุฒุฆูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ู‡ูŠ blood supply
868
+
869
+ 228
870
+ 00:21:34,300 --> 00:21:40,060
871
+ of the spinal cord ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ anterior spinal artery
872
+
873
+ 229
874
+ 00:21:40,060 --> 00:21:44,920
875
+ one ูˆ two posterior spinal arteries right and left
876
+
877
+ 230
878
+ 00:21:44,920 --> 00:21:47,480
879
+ ุงู„ู€ anterior spinal artery ุฃุฎุฐู†ุงู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน
880
+
881
+ 231
882
+ 00:21:47,480 --> 00:21:51,240
883
+ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ blood supply of the brain ุงู„ู€
884
+
885
+ 232
886
+ 00:21:51,240 --> 00:21:54,660
887
+ origin from the right and left vertebral artery
888
+
889
+ 233
890
+ 00:21:54,660 --> 00:21:58,480
891
+ ุฃูˆู„ุง ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ุงุชู†ูŠู† ูˆุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ู‡ุง single anterior
892
+
893
+ 234
894
+ 00:21:58,480 --> 00:22:02,800
895
+ spinal artery ู…ุน ุฅู† ูˆุงุญุฏ ู„ูƒู† ุฒุนูŠู… supply the
896
+
897
+ 235
898
+ 00:22:02,800 --> 00:22:08,060
899
+ anterior and lateral column of spinal cord ุจูŠุบุฏูŠู†
900
+
901
+ 236
902
+ 00:22:08,060 --> 00:22:11,980
903
+ ุงู„ู€ anterior horn ูˆุงู„ู€ lateral horn cells ูŠุนู†ูŠ
904
+
905
+ 237
906
+ 00:22:11,980 --> 00:22:14,820
907
+ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ ุซู„ุซูŠู† ุงู„ู€ spinal cord ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ anterior horn
908
+
909
+ 238
910
+ 00:22:14,820 --> 00:22:18,420
911
+ ูˆุงู„ู€ lateral horn ูˆุจูŠุบุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ anterior column ูˆุงู„ู€
912
+
913
+ 239
914
+ 00:22:18,420 --> 00:22:22,630
915
+ lateral column of spinal cord. It is the longest
916
+
917
+ 240
918
+ 00:22:22,630 --> 00:22:27,170
919
+ artery in the bodyุŒ ุฃุทูˆู„ ุดุฑูŠุงู†ุŒ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุทูˆู„ู‡
920
+
921
+ 241
922
+ 00:22:27,170 --> 00:22:32,810
923
+ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุฃุฑุจุนูŠู† ุณู†ุชูŠุŒ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุฃุฑุจุนูŠู† ุณู†ุชูŠู…ุชุฑ ูŠู†ุชู‚ู„ ุฅู„ู‰
924
+
925
+ 242
926
+ 00:22:32,810 --> 00:22:36,410
927
+ ุงู„ู€ two spinal arteries two spinal arteries ููŠ
928
+
929
+ 243
930
+ 00:22:36,410 --> 00:22:39,930
931
+ right and left ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ู€ origin ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
932
+
933
+ 244
934
+ 00:22:39,930 --> 00:22:44,230
935
+ vertebral artery ูˆุจูŠุบุฏูˆ ุงู„ู€ posterior horn and
936
+
937
+ 245
938
+ 00:22:44,230 --> 00:22:49,710
939
+ posterior column of spinal cord ูˆู…ู† ุงู„ุฌู†ุงุจ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€
940
+
941
+ 246
942
+ 00:22:49,710 --> 00:22:53,290
943
+ root ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ root ุจูŠุฌูŠูˆู†ุง radicular arteries right
944
+
945
+ 247
946
+ 00:22:53,290 --> 00:22:56,630
947
+ radicular artery and left radicular artery ู…ุน ูƒู„
948
+
949
+ 248
950
+ 00:22:56,630 --> 00:23:02,220
951
+ ุฅูŠู‡ root. ุฎู„ูŠู†ุง anterior spinal arteries ุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ุงุชู†ูŠู†
952
+
953
+ 249
954
+ 00:23:02,220 --> 00:23:05,580
955
+ ูˆุงุชุญุฏูˆุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ูˆุนุทูˆู†ุง single anterior spinal
956
+
957
+ 250
958
+ 00:23:05,580 --> 00:23:10,780
959
+ artery ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ two posterior spinal arteries ุงู„ู„ูŠ
960
+
961
+ 251
962
+ 00:23:10,780 --> 00:23:17,220
963
+ ู‡ู…ุง left posterior spinal artery ูˆ right posterior
964
+
965
+ 252
966
+ 00:23:17,220 --> 00:23:22,000
967
+ spinal artery ูˆู‡ู†ุง single anterior spinal artery
968
+
969
+ 253
970
+ 00:23:22,000 --> 00:23:24,600
971
+ single anterior spinal artery
972
+
973
+ 254
974
+ 00:23:32,990 --> 00:23:42,870
975
+ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุงุถุญ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ anterior spinal artery ู‡ู†ุง
976
+
977
+ 255
978
+ 00:23:42,870 --> 00:23:47,810
979
+ ูˆุงุถุญ two posterior
980
+
981
+ 256
982
+ 00:23:47,810 --> 00:23:53,490
983
+ spinal artery left posterior spinal artery ูˆ right
984
+
985
+ 257
986
+ 00:23:55,770 --> 00:24:01,050
987
+ ูˆู…ู† ูƒู„ ุฌุงู†ุจ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ route ุจูŠุฌูŠูˆู†ุง ุฅูŠู‡ Radicular
988
+
989
+ 258
990
+ 00:24:01,050 --> 00:24:06,990
991
+ artery left Radicular artery
992
+
993
+ 259
994
+ 00:24:06,990 --> 00:24:15,290
995
+ ูˆู‡ู†ุง right Radicular artery
996
+
997
+ 260
998
+ 00:24:30,890 --> 00:24:35,530
999
+ ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ radicular artery ู…ู† ุฌุณู… ุฅู„ู‰ posterior
1000
+
1001
+ 261
1002
+ 00:24:35,530 --> 00:24:40,530
1003
+ radicular ูˆ anterior radicular ู‡ุฐุง anterior spinal
1004
+
1005
+ 262
1006
+ 00:24:40,530 --> 00:24:48,590
1007
+ artery ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… right posterior
1008
+
1009
+ 263
1010
+ 00:24:48,590 --> 00:24:54,310
1011
+ spinal artery ูˆ left posterior spinal artery ู‡ุฐุง
1012
+
1013
+ 264
1014
+ 00:24:54,310 --> 00:24:55,170
1015
+ radicular
1016
+
1017
+ 265
1018
+ 00:24:57,840 --> 00:25:04,620
1019
+ artery ู…ู† ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‡ posterior radicular artery ูˆ
1020
+
1021
+ 266
1022
+ 00:25:04,620 --> 00:25:10,920
1023
+ anterior radicular
1024
+
1025
+ 267
1026
+ 00:25:10,920 --> 00:25:14,900
1027
+ artery ูˆุน
1028
+
1029
+ 268
1030
+ 00:25:14,900 --> 00:25:15,880
1031
+ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก
1032
+
1033
+ 269
1034
+ 00:25:24,890 --> 00:25:33,230
1035
+ ูˆู…ู„ุงุญุธูŠู† ุฅู† ุงู„ู€ anterior spinal artery supply two
1036
+
1037
+ 270
1038
+ 00:25:33,230 --> 00:25:38,730
1039
+ -thirds of spinal cord supply ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ anterior horn
1040
+
1041
+ 271
1042
+ 00:25:38,730 --> 00:25:44,610
1043
+ cells, lateral horn cells, anterior column ูˆ
1044
+
1045
+ 272
1046
+ 00:25:44,610 --> 00:25:49,780
1047
+ lateral column ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ู€ posterior spinal arteries
1048
+
1049
+ 273
1050
+ 00:25:49,780 --> 00:25:55,580
1051
+ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุจูŠุบุถูˆุง only posterior horn cells and
1052
+
1053
+ 274
1054
+ 00:25:55,580 --> 00:26:00,960
1055
+ posterior column of spinal cord ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ anterior
1056
+
1057
+ 275
1058
+ 00:26:00,960 --> 00:26:06,170
1059
+ spinal artery ู…ุน ุฅู†ู‡ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู„ูƒู† ุจูŠุบุถูŠ two thirds of
1060
+
1061
+ 276
1062
+ 00:26:06,170 --> 00:26:11,490
1063
+ the spinal cord ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ู€ two posterior spinal
1064
+
1065
+ 277
1066
+ 00:26:11,490 --> 00:26:17,270
1067
+ arteries ุจูŠุบุฏูˆุง one third of a spinal cord ูˆู‡ูŠูƒ
1068
+
1069
+ 278
1070
+ 00:26:17,270 --> 00:26:22,010
1071
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ูˆุตู„ู†ุง ู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ anatomy of the spinal
1072
+
1073
+ 279
1074
+ 00:26:22,010 --> 00:26:26,310
1075
+ cord ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุงู„ุนุงููŠุฉ ูˆุฏูˆู…ุชู… ุจุฃู„ู ุฎูŠุฑ
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/SLAGdeHLE64_postprocess.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,1116 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:04,980 --> 00:00:08,800
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ spinal
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:08,800 --> 00:00:14,620
7
+ cord anatomy ุฑุงุญ ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ุฃุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ exit of spinal
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:14,620 --> 00:00:18,800
11
+ nerve root ุนุดุงู† ู†ูู‡ู… ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ู‡ู„ู‡ ุตุญ ุฑุงุญ ุฃุฑุณู…ู„ูƒู…
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:18,800 --> 00:00:28,180
15
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ููŠุฑุชุจุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงูŠู‡ ููŠุฑุชุจุฑุฉ ููŠุฑุชุจุฑุฉ one ุงูˆ
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:28,180 --> 00:00:33,480
19
+ c one c two c
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:33,480 --> 00:00:33,840
23
+ three
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:37,610 --> 00:00:46,230
27
+ C4 C5 C6 C7
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:46,230 --> 00:00:56,130
31
+ T1
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:56,130 --> 00:01:00,010
35
+ T2
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:01:00,010 --> 00:01:02,050
39
+ T3
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:01:03,080 --> 00:01:07,540
43
+ ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ vertebra ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงูŠู‡
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:01:07,540 --> 00:01:14,320
47
+ ุงู„ vertebra ุงู„ุงู† ุฑุงุญ ุงุฑุณู… ู„ูƒู… ุจุงู„ู„ูˆู† ุงู„ุฃุญู…ุฑ ุงู„
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:14,320 --> 00:01:20,000
51
+ spinal nerve root ู…ู† ูˆุงู† ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุฃุญู…ุฑ C1 C1
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:20,000 --> 00:01:29,100
55
+ ุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ููˆู‚ C1 vertebra C2 ู…ู† ููˆู‚ C2 vertebra C3 ู…ู†
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:29,100 --> 00:01:39,370
59
+ ููˆู‚ C3 vertebra C4ู…ู† ููˆู‚ C4 ูˆู…ู† ููˆู‚ C5 ูˆู…ู† ููˆู‚ C6
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:39,370 --> 00:01:52,530
63
+ ูˆู…ู† ููˆู‚ C7 ูˆู…ู† ููˆู‚ C6 ูˆู…ู† ููˆู‚ C7T1 ููŠ ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู‡ ููŠ
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:52,530 --> 00:02:01,530
67
+ C ูƒู…ุงู† C eighth root ู…ู† ููˆู‚ T1 ุงูˆ ู…ู† ุชุญุช T7 ู‡ู„ุฃ
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:02:01,530 --> 00:02:09,030
71
+ ุงู†ุฌู„ุจุช ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ T1 ุตุงุฑ ู…ู† ุชุญุช T1 vertibra T2 ู…ู† ุชุญุช
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:02:09,030 --> 00:02:17,880
75
+ T2 vertibra T3 ู…ู† ุชุญุช T3 vertibra ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ู€ T1ุตุงุฑ
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:02:17,880 --> 00:02:24,900
79
+ below ู…ู† ุชุญุช ุงู„ vertebra ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ ู…ู† C1 ู„ C7 above
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:02:24,900 --> 00:02:32,780
83
+ ู…ู† ููˆู‚ ุงู„ vertebra ู…ู† ููˆู‚ ุงู„ vertebra ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:02:32,780 --> 00:02:37,740
87
+ spinal nerve ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ inter vertebral ููˆุฑุง ู…ู†ู‡ุง
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:02:37,740 --> 00:02:45,160
91
+ C1 ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ horizontal above C1 vertebra ู…ู† C2 ู„ C7
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:45,160 --> 00:02:55,500
95
+ ุจุฎุฑุฌูˆุงู…ู† ููˆู‚ ุงู„ vertebra C8 ุชุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ููˆู‚ T1 ุงูˆ ู…ู†
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:55,500 --> 00:03:01,460
99
+ ุชุญุช C7 vertebra ู‡ูŠ C8 ุงู…ุง ุงู‚ูˆู„ ู…ู† ููˆู‚ T1 vertebra
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:03:01,460 --> 00:03:07,420
103
+ ุงูˆ ู…ู† ุชุญุช C7 vertebraุงู„ุซุฑูˆุณูƒ ูˆุงู„ู„ู…ุจุฑ ูˆุงู„ุณุงูƒุฑุงู„
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:03:07,420 --> 00:03:12,800
107
+ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ู…ู† ุชุญุช ุงู„ูุฑุชุจุฑุฉุŒ ู…ู† ุชุญุช ุงู„ูุฑุชุจุฑุฉุŒ ุงู„ู„ูˆุฑ
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:03:12,800 --> 00:03:17,880
111
+ ู„ู…ุจุฑ ุชุญุช ุงู„ุฃู„ูˆุงู† ูˆุงู„ุณุงูƒุฑุงู„ ูˆุงู„ูƒูˆูƒุณูŠุฒูŠุง ุงู„ู†ุงุฑุŒ
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:03:17,880 --> 00:03:24,750
115
+ ุฏู„ุณู†ุช ุจู†ุฒู„ู‡ vertical asas a cauda equina ุจู†ุฒู„ู‡ ู…ุซู„
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:03:24,750 --> 00:03:29,290
119
+ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง cauda equina ูˆุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุจุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ู…ู† ุชุญุช ุงู„
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:03:29,290 --> 00:03:34,710
123
+ vertebra ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ู… ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ exit of spinal nerve
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:03:34,710 --> 00:03:41,690
127
+ root ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ู‡ู†ุง ู„ูˆ ู„ุงุญุธู†ุง C1 ุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ููˆู‚
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:03:41,690 --> 00:03:47,470
131
+ C1 C5
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:03:47,470 --> 00:03:57,900
135
+ rootุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ููˆู‚ C5 Vertebra ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ุงู„ T10 root
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:57,900 --> 00:04:04,300
139
+ ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุชุญุช ุงู„ T10 Vertebra ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ุงู„ T12 root
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:04:04,300 --> 00:04:07,980
143
+ ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุชุญุช ุงู„ T12 Vertebra
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:04:11,370 --> 00:04:15,930
147
+ ูˆ ุงู„ lower lumbar ูˆุงู„ุณุงู‚ุฑุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ุงู† ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ู…ู† ุชุญุช
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:04:15,930 --> 00:04:19,810
151
+ ุงู„ vertebra ูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงุณู…ู‡ู… ุงูŠู‡ cauda equina below
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:04:19,810 --> 00:04:25,490
155
+ the termination of spinal cord cauda equina ู‡ูŠูƒ
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:04:25,490 --> 00:04:31,750
159
+ ุงู†ุง ุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒู… ุงู„ exit of spinal nerve root
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:04:36,170 --> 00:04:39,230
163
+ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง two enlargement ุงุชูุฌู†ุง ุงู† ุงู„ spinal cord
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:04:39,230 --> 00:04:43,270
167
+ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ one centimeter ู„ูƒู† ู„ู‡ two enlargement ุงู„ two
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:04:43,270 --> 00:04:48,970
171
+ enlargement ูˆุงุถุญูŠู† ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฑุณู…ุฉ ูŠุฏูˆูŠ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:04:48,970 --> 00:04:54,980
175
+ lumber enlargementูˆ ุงู„ู€ cervical enlargement ู‡ุงู†
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:04:54,980 --> 00:04:59,380
179
+ ุงู„ spinal cord ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ diameter ุชุจุนู‡ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู†
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:04:59,380 --> 00:05:03,640
183
+ ุงู„ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู‡ุงุฏ ุงู„ enlargement two enlargement
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:05:03,640 --> 00:05:07,160
187
+ ููŠู†ุง cervical enlargement ูˆ ููŠู†ุง lumbar
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:05:07,160 --> 00:05:10,580
191
+ enlargement ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ู… cervical and lumbar
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:05:10,580 --> 00:05:20,320
195
+ enlargement cervical enlargementู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† C5 C6
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:05:20,320 --> 00:05:29,480
199
+ C7 C8 and D1 ุฏูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฏูˆุฑุณู„ ุงูˆ T ุซุฑุงุซูƒ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:05:29,480 --> 00:05:34,340
203
+ ุฏูˆุฑุณู„ ุงูˆ ุซุฑุงุซูƒ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ู‡ู… ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† C5 C6 C7 C8
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:05:34,340 --> 00:05:38,420
207
+ and D1 ุงูˆ T1 segment of spinal cord ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงูŠุด
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:05:38,420 --> 00:05:43,180
211
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ู†ุง ูŠุง ุฌู…ุงุนุฉ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ู†ุง ุงูˆ ุจูŠุนุทูˆู†ุง ุงู„ origin
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:05:43,180 --> 00:05:48,430
215
+ ofุจุฑุงูƒูŠุงู„ ุฅุจู„ูŠูƒุณุงุณ ุงู„ู€ origin ุชุจุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุจุฑุงูƒูŠุงู„
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:05:48,430 --> 00:05:52,890
219
+ ุฅุจู„ูŠูƒุณุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ supplying ู„ู…ู†ุŸ ู„ู„ upper limbs
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:05:52,890 --> 00:05:57,230
223
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ supplying ู„ู…ู†ุŸ ู„ู„ upper limbs ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ุง
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:05:57,230 --> 00:06:03,530
227
+ cervical enlargementููŠ ุฌุฒุก ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ lumber
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:06:03,530 --> 00:06:07,990
231
+ enlargement ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ one ุงู„ two ุงู„ three ุงู„
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:06:07,990 --> 00:06:12,730
235
+ four ุงู„ five and as one as two segments of spinal
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:06:12,730 --> 00:06:17,720
239
+ cord ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจูŠุนุทูˆู†ุง ุงู„ branches ุฃูˆ ุงู„ origin ู„ู…ูŠู†ู„ู„ู€
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:06:17,720 --> 00:06:23,000
243
+ Lumbosacral Plexus which supply the lower limbs
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:06:23,000 --> 00:06:27,440
247
+ ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… load ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุดูŠ
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:06:27,440 --> 00:06:30,340
251
+ ุจุชุญุฑูƒ ููŠ ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูˆ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุดูŠ ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ upper
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:06:30,340 --> 00:06:33,120
255
+ limbs ูˆ ุงู„ lower limbs ูˆ ุจุชุญุฑูƒ ูˆ ุจุฏู‡ู… ุนุตุงุจ ูƒุชูŠุฑุฉ
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:06:33,120 --> 00:06:36,300
259
+ ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ spinal cord okay
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:06:36,300 --> 00:06:40,720
263
+ ุจู„ุฒู…ู‡ู… ุงู„ neuronูƒุซูŠุฑ ููŠ ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ survival ูˆ ุงู„
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:06:40,720 --> 00:06:44,720
267
+ lumber ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู„ู†ุง enlargement ุงู„ spinal cord ุนุดุงู†
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:06:44,720 --> 00:06:52,100
271
+ ูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงู„ ู‡ูˆ brachial plexus ูˆ lumbosacral plexus
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:52,100 --> 00:06:57,920
275
+ for upper limbs ูˆ lower limbs ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ู†ุงุงู„ู…ูƒุงู†
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:57,920 --> 00:07:00,460
279
+ ู‡ุฐุง ููŠู‡ cervical enlargement ููŠ ุงู„ู€ spinal cord
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:07:00,460 --> 00:07:05,400
283
+ ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง break ุงู„ุงุจู„ูŠูƒุณุงุต ูˆ ุชุญุช ููŠ ุงู„ spinal cord
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:07:05,400 --> 00:07:10,000
287
+ ููŠู‡ lumbar enlargement ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง lumbosacral ablixus
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:07:10,000 --> 00:07:16,100
291
+ ู„ู„ู€ lower limbs ุจู†ุชุฌู„
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:07:16,100 --> 00:07:20,700
295
+ ุงู„ุขู† ู„ internal structure of the spinal cord
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:07:20,700 --> 00:07:24,740
299
+ internal structure of the spinal cord ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:07:46,240 --> 00:07:52,700
303
+ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‰ white matter ู‡ุฏู‰
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:07:52,700 --> 00:07:55,860
307
+ white matter ุจุชุฎุชู„ู ุนู† ุงู„ brain ุจุชูƒูˆู† more outer
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:07:55,860 --> 00:08:04,770
311
+ ูˆููŠ ุงู„ grey matterุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ central
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:08:04,770 --> 00:08:08,550
315
+ canal ุจุชูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ gray commissar ู‡ู†ุง ู…ุด ูˆุงุถุญ ูƒุชูŠุฑ
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:08:08,550 --> 00:08:11,290
319
+ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ central canal ู…ุชุฐูƒุฑูŠู† ุงู„ central canal ู‡ุฐุง
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:08:11,290 --> 00:08:13,530
323
+ ุจูŠูุชุญ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ู‚ุจู„ ุงู† ุฌุงุชู‡ ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ fourth
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:08:13,530 --> 00:08:17,830
327
+ ventricle ูˆุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ CSF ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏู‰ ููŠ white
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:08:17,830 --> 00:08:20,790
331
+ motor ุจุชูƒูˆู† outer ูˆ gray motor ุจุชูƒูˆู† inner ุงู„ gray
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:08:20,790 --> 00:08:25,010
335
+ motor ุจุชุดุจู‡ ุญุฑู ุงู„ H ุจุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠ ู…ุซู„ ุญุฑู ุงู„ H ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:08:25,010 --> 00:08:28,030
339
+ ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง commissar gray commissar ู‡ุงู† ุชุฑุจุท ุงู„
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:08:28,030 --> 00:08:30,570
343
+ right ู…ุน ุงู„ left spinal cord ููŠ ุงู„ gray commissar
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:08:30,570 --> 00:08:43,020
347
+ ููŠCentral Spinal Canal ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุงู‹ 1 ู…ู„ูŠ ู…ุชุฑ ู†ุจุฏุฃ
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:08:43,020 --> 00:08:48,680
351
+ ุจู€ Grammar Grammar ู„ูŠุณ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุดูŠุก ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† nerve
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:08:48,680 --> 00:08:53,320
355
+ cells ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† nerve cells ุจุดุจู‡ ุญุฑู ุงู„ H ุญุฑู ุงู„ H
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:08:53,320 --> 00:08:59,760
359
+ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† anterior horn cells anterior horn cells
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:09:05,550 --> 00:09:08,670
363
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ Anterior Horn Cells ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… Motor Function
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:09:08,670 --> 00:09:17,710
367
+ Motor Function ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุจุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:09:17,710 --> 00:09:25,330
371
+ ู‡ูˆุฑู† ุณูŠู„ุฒPosterior horn cells ูˆูˆุธูุชู‡ู… ุงูŠู‡ Sensory
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:09:25,330 --> 00:09:30,030
375
+ right and left ูˆูˆุธูุชู‡ู… Sensory ูˆููŠ lateral horn
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:09:30,030 --> 00:09:37,370
379
+ cells ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ููŠ ุซุฑูˆุณูƒ ู…ู† L1 ู…ู† T1 ู„ุญุฏ L2 ู‡ุฐุง
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:09:37,370 --> 00:09:43,150
383
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงุถุงูุฉ horn ุงุถุงูุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ lateral horn cells
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:09:43,150 --> 00:09:50,890
387
+ lateral horn cellsู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆุถูุชู‡ู… sympathetic function
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:09:50,890 --> 00:09:56,490
391
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ anterior horn cells ูˆุถูุชู‡ู… motor
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:09:56,490 --> 00:10:01,130
395
+ right and left ููŠ posterior horn cells right and
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:10:01,130 --> 00:10:07,230
399
+ left ูˆุถูุชู‡ู… sensory ูˆู…ู† T1 ู„ L2 ููŠ lateral horn
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:10:07,230 --> 00:10:11,390
403
+ cells ูˆุถูุชู‡ู… sympathetic ุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ู… ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:10:11,390 --> 00:10:16,180
407
+ autonomic nervous systemูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ููŠ Central
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:10:16,180 --> 00:10:23,320
411
+ Spinal Canal Central Spinal Canal Central Spinal
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:10:23,320 --> 00:10:28,320
415
+ Canal ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ CSF ูˆ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ Gray
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:10:28,320 --> 00:10:37,040
419
+ Commission ู‡ุฐูŠ Gray Commission ุจุชุฑุจุท ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ Right
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:10:37,040 --> 00:10:40,440
423
+ ูˆ Left part of Spinal Cord
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:10:46,510 --> 00:10:51,710
427
+ Anterior Horn Cells Left Anterior Horn Cells Right
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:10:51,710 --> 00:10:57,410
431
+ ูˆุงุถูุชู‡ุง motor ูˆููŠ posterior horn cells left
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:10:57,410 --> 00:11:02,670
435
+ posterior horn cells right ูˆุงุถูุชู‡ุง sensory ูˆุงุชูุฌู†ุง
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:11:02,670 --> 00:11:10,850
439
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ T1 ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ two ููŠู‡ุง ู†ูƒูˆู†ุฅุถุงููŠ horn
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:11:10,850 --> 00:11:15,650
443
+ lateral horn cells ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุฅูŠู‡ุŸ lateral horn
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:11:15,650 --> 00:11:21,510
447
+ cells lateral horn cells ูˆุงุถูŠูุชู‡
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:11:21,510 --> 00:11:25,710
451
+ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ูˆุงุถูŠูุชู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ autonomic function autonomic
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:11:25,710 --> 00:11:29,910
455
+ function ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ sympathetic nervous system ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:11:29,910 --> 00:11:40,350
459
+ ู‡ู†ุง horn ุฅุถุงููŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ lateral horn cellsู„ุงุชุฑุงู„ ู‡ูˆุฑู†
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:11:40,350 --> 00:11:44,470
463
+ ุณูŠู„ุฒ ูˆุงุถูŠูุชูˆุง ุงูŠู‡ sympathetic function ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:11:44,470 --> 00:11:48,910
467
+ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ gray commissure gray commissure
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:11:48,910 --> 00:11:51,830
471
+ ุจุชู„ุจุท ุงู„ right ูˆ left part of spinal cord ูˆ ููŠ
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:11:51,830 --> 00:11:57,070
475
+ ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ central spinal canal
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:11:57,070 --> 00:12:04,550
479
+ central spinal canal ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ CSF ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:12:04,550 --> 00:12:09,130
483
+ neurons ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ gray ู…ุทุงุฑููŠ ุงู„ู€ Grammar ููŠ
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:12:09,130 --> 00:12:13,470
487
+ ุงุชูุงู‚ู†ุง Sensory Neurons ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ูˆูŠู†
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:12:13,470 --> 00:12:17,510
491
+ Sensory NeuronsุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Posterior Horn Cells ูˆููŠ
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:12:17,510 --> 00:12:22,750
495
+ Motor Neurons ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Anterior
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:12:22,750 --> 00:12:26,490
499
+ Horn Cells ุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ุจู†ู‚ุณู…ู‡ ู„Alpha Motor Neuron
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:12:26,490 --> 00:12:30,770
503
+ ูˆGamma Motoneuron ุงู„ู€ Alpha Motoneuron ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู„ู‚ุง
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:12:30,770 --> 00:12:35,670
507
+ ุจุงู„ู€ Large Type A Alphaู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ูุงูŠุจุฑุฒ ูˆุงุถูุชู‡ู…
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:12:35,670 --> 00:12:40,090
511
+ stimulation of the muscle fibers ูˆุงู„ู€ gamma
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:12:40,090 --> 00:12:45,710
515
+ motoneuron ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจcontrol of the muscle tone
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:12:45,710 --> 00:12:51,190
519
+ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ a smaller type of a gamma ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ gamma
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:12:51,190 --> 00:12:56,630
523
+ ูˆุงุถูุชู‡ุง control of muscle tonemuscle tone ูˆ alpha
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:12:56,630 --> 00:13:01,110
527
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจ stimulation of muscle fibers ุจูŠู† ุงู„
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:13:01,110 --> 00:13:05,370
531
+ posterior horn ูˆ ุงู„ anterior horn ููŠ ุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:13:05,370 --> 00:13:08,710
535
+ ู…ุชุฐูƒุฑูŠู† ุงู„ reflexุŸ ุดูˆูู†ุงู‡ุŸ ููŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง inter
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:13:08,710 --> 00:13:14,070
539
+ neurons inter neurons ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ inter
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:13:14,070 --> 00:13:18,360
543
+ neurons ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ inter neuronsูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง integrative
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:13:18,360 --> 00:13:22,400
547
+ function ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง reflex center ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุจุชูŠุฌูŠ
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:13:22,400 --> 00:13:25,780
551
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ sensory ู„ู„ู…ูˆุชุฑ ุนู„ู‰ level spinal cord ู‡ุฐู‡
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:13:25,780 --> 00:13:30,880
555
+ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง reflex center ูˆุงุชูุงุฌู†ุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง autonomic
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:13:30,880 --> 00:13:35,480
559
+ neurons ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ spinal cord ุฑุงุญ
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:13:35,480 --> 00:13:39,200
563
+ ุฃุดุฑุญู‡ู… ุงู„ autonomic neurons ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:13:39,200 --> 00:13:42,540
567
+ autonomic nervous system ู…ุด ุฑุงุญ ุฃุชุทุฑู‚ ู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ูŠูˆู…
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:13:45,390 --> 00:13:50,130
571
+ ุจู†ุชุฌู„ ุงู„ white matter ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุงู† ุงู„ grey matter ููŠ
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:13:50,130 --> 00:13:52,490
575
+ ุงู„ brain ุจุชูƒูˆู† outer ูˆ ุงู„ white matter inner ููŠ ุงู„
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:13:52,490 --> 00:13:57,050
579
+ spinal cord ุงู„ุนูƒุณ ุงู„ grey matter inner ูˆ ุงู„ white
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:13:57,050 --> 00:14:00,930
583
+ matter outer ุงู„ white matter it surround the grey
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:14:00,930 --> 00:14:05,570
587
+ matter ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงู„ grey matterand contains
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:14:05,570 --> 00:14:09,170
591
+ ascending and descending tract ูˆุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ุง ุจูŠู…ุฑ
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:14:09,170 --> 00:14:12,710
595
+ ascending tract ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… sensory ู…ู† ุงู„ spinal cord
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:14:12,710 --> 00:14:16,570
599
+ ู„ุงู„ brain ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุนูƒุณ descending tract ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… motor
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:14:16,570 --> 00:14:22,570
603
+ ุงูˆ efferent ู…ู† ุงู„ brain ู„ ุงู„ spinal cord ูˆุจู†ู‚ุณู…ู‡
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:14:22,570 --> 00:14:29,710
607
+ ุฅู„ู‰ three columns ุงูˆ fascicula anterior columnูˆ
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:14:29,710 --> 00:14:33,430
611
+ lateral column ูˆ posterior column ุงู„ posterior
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:14:33,430 --> 00:14:37,890
615
+ column ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ dorsal column ูˆ anterior column
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:14:37,890 --> 00:14:42,230
619
+ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ventral column ุฃูƒุจุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:14:42,230 --> 00:14:49,650
623
+ lateral column ู†ุจุฏุฃ ู†ุดูˆู ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ grey matter
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:14:59,450 --> 00:15:08,810
627
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฅูŠู‡ gray ู…ุทุงุฑ ู‡ู†ุง gray commissar ุชู…ุงู…
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:15:08,810 --> 00:15:13,590
631
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ gray commissar ู‡ุฐุง central spinal canal
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:15:16,720 --> 00:15:23,040
635
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ posterior horn cells sensory ู‡ุฐู‡ anterior horn
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:15:23,040 --> 00:15:26,840
639
+ cells motor ู‡ู†ุง ุจุชูƒูˆู† lateral horn cells ุงู„ู„ูŠ
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:15:26,840 --> 00:15:30,500
643
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ autonomic function ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงูŠู‡
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:15:30,500 --> 00:15:35,140
647
+ sympathetic ุงูƒุชุฑ ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ anterior horn cells ูˆ
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:15:35,140 --> 00:15:41,440
651
+ posterior horn cells ุชู…ุงู… ู‡ุฐุง central spinal canal
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:15:44,320 --> 00:15:51,320
655
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุนุชุจุฑ gray ู…ุทุฑ ุงู„ุงู† ู†ุฑุณู… white ู…ุทุฑ ู„ุงู† ุดูˆู ุงู„
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:15:51,320 --> 00:15:54,120
659
+ inter neurons ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุงู„ inter neurons ู‡ู†ุง
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:15:54,120 --> 00:15:59,260
663
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ูˆุถูุชู‡ู… integrative function ุจูŠุญุงูˆู„ูˆุง
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:15:59,260 --> 00:16:03,820
667
+ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ posterior horn cells ู„ู„
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:16:03,820 --> 00:16:10,360
671
+ anterior horn cells ูˆุถูุชู‡ู… reflex center ู†ุฌูŠ ู†ู‚ุณู…
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:16:10,360 --> 00:16:12,300
675
+ ุงู„ white ู…ุทุฑ ู„ column
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:16:20,370 --> 00:16:26,310
679
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ anterior
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:16:26,310 --> 00:16:31,610
683
+ column
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:16:31,610 --> 00:16:34,850
687
+ right
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:16:34,850 --> 00:16:40,550
691
+ ู‡ุงูŠ
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:16:40,550 --> 00:16:46,430
695
+ right ูˆู‡ู†ุง left ู‡ุฐุง right ูˆ
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:16:48,450 --> 00:16:54,870
699
+ ู‡ุฐุง left ู‡ุฐุง ุฃุณู ู‡ุฐุง anterior column
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:16:54,870 --> 00:17:10,610
703
+ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ lift ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠู‡ right anterior column ู†ุฑุณู…
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:17:10,610 --> 00:17:20,070
707
+ ู‡ู†ุง ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุกู‡ุฐู‡ right right right ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ left
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:17:20,070 --> 00:17:30,310
711
+ left left ู‡ู†ุง left posterior
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:17:30,310 --> 00:17:38,610
715
+ column right posterior column ู‡ู†ุง ุจู…ุฑ ุฅุฌุฑุงุก ุงู„ุณูŠู„
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:17:38,610 --> 00:17:43,450
719
+ attract ูˆู‡ู†ุง connect attractEgressory tract ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:17:43,450 --> 00:17:46,150
723
+ more medial ูˆ connective tract ุจูŠูƒูˆู† more lateral
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:17:46,150 --> 00:17:50,230
727
+ ู„ุฏู‰ ุงู„ deep sensation ุดุฑุญู†ุงู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ brain stem ูˆ
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:17:50,230 --> 00:17:54,230
731
+ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ lateral
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:17:54,230 --> 00:18:00,510
735
+ column
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:18:00,510 --> 00:18:12,000
739
+ ู‡ุฐุง left lateral column ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ rightlateral
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:18:12,000 --> 00:18:23,420
743
+ column ุงู†ุง
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:18:23,420 --> 00:18:26,080
747
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุจู…ูˆุฑููŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ lateral
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:18:26,080 --> 00:18:31,180
751
+ corticospinal tract ู„ู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ูˆ lateral
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:18:31,180 --> 00:18:35,680
755
+ spinothalamic tract ู„ู„ุดุนูˆุฑ ุจุงู„ุถุบุท ูˆุงู„ุดุนูˆุฑ ุจุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:18:35,680 --> 00:18:39,620
759
+ ุฑุงุญ ุงุดุฑุญู‡ู… ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุงุชู‡ู… ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
760
+
761
+ 191
762
+ 00:18:39,620 --> 00:18:43,080
763
+ right sideูˆู‡ู†ุง ุจุชุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ู€ left ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง
764
+
765
+ 192
766
+ 00:18:43,080 --> 00:18:48,320
767
+ lateral column ูˆู‡ู†ุง anterior ุฃูˆ ventral column
768
+
769
+ 193
770
+ 00:18:48,320 --> 00:18:51,880
771
+ ูˆู‡ู†ุง posterior ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ posterior column ู…ู†
772
+
773
+ 194
774
+ 00:18:51,880 --> 00:18:55,300
775
+ ุงู„ posterior median fissure ู„ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ exit of
776
+
777
+ 195
778
+ 00:18:55,300 --> 00:18:58,520
779
+ posterior root ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ anterior column ู…ู† ุงู„
780
+
781
+ 196
782
+ 00:18:58,520 --> 00:19:00,920
783
+ anterior median fissure ู„ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ exit of
784
+
785
+ 197
786
+ 00:19:00,920 --> 00:19:04,360
787
+ anterior root ุทุจ ุงู„ lateral column ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ู…ูƒุงู†
788
+
789
+ 198
790
+ 00:19:04,360 --> 00:19:08,050
791
+ exit of posterior rootูˆ ุงู„ exit of anterior root
792
+
793
+ 199
794
+ 00:19:08,050 --> 00:19:10,730
795
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ anterior root ูˆ ุงู„ posterior root ุงู„ exit
796
+
797
+ 200
798
+ 00:19:10,730 --> 00:19:15,210
799
+ ุชุจุนู‡ู… ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง lateral column ุงู„ lateral
800
+
801
+ 201
802
+ 00:19:15,210 --> 00:19:17,290
803
+ column ูˆ ุงู„ anterior ูˆ ุงู„ posterior ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
804
+
805
+ 202
806
+ 00:19:17,290 --> 00:19:32,650
807
+ white matter white matter ู‡ู†ุง
808
+
809
+ 203
810
+ 00:19:32,650 --> 00:19:32,950
811
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
812
+
813
+ 204
814
+ 00:19:37,390 --> 00:19:41,250
815
+ ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ูƒูˆู„ูˆู… ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู† ูุดุงุฑ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ exit
816
+
817
+ 205
818
+ 00:19:41,250 --> 00:19:49,270
819
+ of ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ุฑูˆุช ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู† ูุดุงุฑ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ exit
820
+
821
+ 206
822
+ 00:19:49,270 --> 00:19:52,370
823
+ of ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู† ูุดุงุฑ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ exit of ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ
824
+
825
+ 207
826
+ 00:19:52,370 --> 00:19:54,790
827
+ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู† ูุดุงุฑ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ exit of ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู† ูุดุงุฑ
828
+
829
+ 208
830
+ 00:19:54,790 --> 00:19:55,710
831
+ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ exit of ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู† ูุดุงุฑ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ exit
832
+
833
+ 209
834
+ 00:19:55,710 --> 00:20:02,750
835
+ of ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู† ูุดุงุฑ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ exit of ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ
836
+
837
+ 210
838
+ 00:20:02,750 --> 00:20:05,290
839
+ ู…ูŠุฏูŠ
840
+
841
+ 211
842
+ 00:20:05,940 --> 00:20:11,680
843
+ lateral column ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุจู„ุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
844
+
845
+ 212
846
+ 00:20:11,680 --> 00:20:21,360
847
+ right side ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† classification
848
+
849
+ 213
850
+ 00:20:21,360 --> 00:20:28,520
851
+ of attracts the attracts divide into short tract ูˆ
852
+
853
+ 214
854
+ 00:20:28,520 --> 00:20:33,800
855
+ long tract short tract ุงุณู…ู‡ุง associative and
856
+
857
+ 215
858
+ 00:20:33,800 --> 00:20:38,320
859
+ commissary tractthe begins and ends in the spinal
860
+
861
+ 216
862
+ 00:20:38,320 --> 00:20:42,100
863
+ cordุŒ ุงู„ commissural tract ุจุฑุจุทู‡ ุงู„ right ู…ุน ุงู„
864
+
865
+ 217
866
+ 00:20:42,100 --> 00:20:45,660
867
+ leftุŒ ูˆุงู„ associative tract ุจุฑุจุทู‡ ุงู„ adjustment
868
+
869
+ 218
870
+ 00:20:45,660 --> 00:20:52,600
871
+ area C1 ู…ุน C2ุŒ C3ุŒ C4 ูŠุนู†ูŠุŒ they are found closely
872
+
873
+ 219
874
+ 00:20:52,600 --> 00:20:57,040
875
+ in the gray matter ูˆ they are associative in
876
+
877
+ 220
878
+ 00:20:57,040 --> 00:21:01,750
879
+ functionู„ูˆู†ุฌ ุชุฑุงูƒุช ู„ูˆู†ุฌ ุชุฑุงูƒุช ุจุณู…ูŠู‡ู… projection
880
+
881
+ 221
882
+ 00:21:01,750 --> 00:21:07,150
883
+ tract ุงู…ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ascending tract ุตุนูŠุฏ ุงูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู…
884
+
885
+ 222
886
+ 00:21:07,150 --> 00:21:12,480
887
+ afferent tract ุงูˆ sensory tractุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู…ุซู„ lateral
888
+
889
+ 223
890
+ 00:21:12,480 --> 00:21:16,740
891
+ spinothalamic ุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† spinal cord ูˆ ุฑูˆุญ ู„ุชู„ู…ุณ ุฃูˆ
892
+
893
+ 224
894
+ 00:21:16,740 --> 00:21:20,700
895
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง descending tract ู‡ุงุจุท ุงูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูˆู‡ู… efferent
896
+
897
+ 225
898
+ 00:21:20,700 --> 00:21:24,760
899
+ ุงูˆ motor ู…ุซู„ corticospinal tract lateral
900
+
901
+ 226
902
+ 00:21:24,760 --> 00:21:29,280
903
+ corticospinal tract ุฌุงู…ู„ ุงู„ cortex ูˆ ู†ุงุฒู„ ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„
904
+
905
+ 227
906
+ 00:21:29,280 --> 00:21:34,300
907
+ spinal cord ุงุฎุฑ ุฌุฒุฆูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ู‡ูŠ blood supply
908
+
909
+ 228
910
+ 00:21:34,300 --> 00:21:40,060
911
+ of the spinal cordููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‰ anterior spinal artery
912
+
913
+ 229
914
+ 00:21:40,060 --> 00:21:44,920
915
+ one ูˆ two posterior spinal arteries right and left
916
+
917
+ 230
918
+ 00:21:44,920 --> 00:21:47,480
919
+ ุงู„ anterior spinal artery ุฃุฎุฏู†ุงู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน
920
+
921
+ 231
922
+ 00:21:47,480 --> 00:21:51,240
923
+ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ blood supply of the brain ุงู„
924
+
925
+ 232
926
+ 00:21:51,240 --> 00:21:54,660
927
+ origin from the right and left vertebral artery
928
+
929
+ 233
930
+ 00:21:54,660 --> 00:21:58,480
931
+ ุฃูˆู„ุง ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ุงุชู†ูŠู† ูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ู‡ุง single anterior
932
+
933
+ 234
934
+ 00:21:58,480 --> 00:22:02,800
935
+ spinal arteryู…ุน ุงู† ูˆุงุญุฏ ู„ูƒู† ุฒุนูŠู… supply the
936
+
937
+ 235
938
+ 00:22:02,800 --> 00:22:08,060
939
+ anterior and lateral column of spinal cord ุจูŠุบุฏูŠู†
940
+
941
+ 236
942
+ 00:22:08,060 --> 00:22:11,980
943
+ ุงู„ anterior horn ูˆ ุงู„ lateral horn cells ูŠุนู†ูŠ
944
+
945
+ 237
946
+ 00:22:11,980 --> 00:22:14,820
947
+ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ ุซู„ุซูŠู† ุงู„ spinal cord ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ ุงู„ anterior horn
948
+
949
+ 238
950
+ 00:22:14,820 --> 00:22:18,420
951
+ ูˆ ุงู„ lateral horn ูˆ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ ุงู„ anterior column ูˆ ุงู„
952
+
953
+ 239
954
+ 00:22:18,420 --> 00:22:22,630
955
+ lateral column of spinal cordit is the longest
956
+
957
+ 240
958
+ 00:22:22,630 --> 00:22:27,170
959
+ artery in the bodyุŒ ุฃุทูˆู„ ุดุฑูŠุงู†ุŒ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุทูˆู„ู‡
960
+
961
+ 241
962
+ 00:22:27,170 --> 00:22:32,810
963
+ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุฃุฑุจุนูŠู† ุณุงู†ุชูŠุŒ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุฃุฑุจุนูŠู† ุณุงู†ุชูŠู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ุงู„ู‰
964
+
965
+ 242
966
+ 00:22:32,810 --> 00:22:36,410
967
+ ุงู„ู€ two spinal arteries two spinal arteries ููŠ
968
+
969
+ 243
970
+ 00:22:36,410 --> 00:22:39,930
971
+ right and left ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ origin ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ู…ู† ุงู„
972
+
973
+ 244
974
+ 00:22:39,930 --> 00:22:44,230
975
+ vertabra ุงู„ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ูˆ ุจูŠุบุฏูˆ ุงู„ posterior horn and
976
+
977
+ 245
978
+ 00:22:44,230 --> 00:22:49,710
979
+ posterior column of spinal cord ูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌู†ุงุจ ู…ุน ุงู„
980
+
981
+ 246
982
+ 00:22:49,710 --> 00:22:53,290
983
+ root ู…ุน ุงู„ root ุจูŠุฌูŠูˆู†ุง radicular arteries right
984
+
985
+ 247
986
+ 00:22:53,290 --> 00:22:56,630
987
+ radicular artery and left radicular artery ู…ุน ูƒู„
988
+
989
+ 248
990
+ 00:22:56,630 --> 00:23:02,220
991
+ ุงูŠู‡ root ุฎูŠุงู†ุฉanterior spinal arteries ุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ุงุชู†ูŠู†
992
+
993
+ 249
994
+ 00:23:02,220 --> 00:23:05,580
995
+ ูˆุงุชุญุฏูˆุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ูˆุนุทูˆู†ุง single anterior spinal
996
+
997
+ 250
998
+ 00:23:05,580 --> 00:23:10,780
999
+ artery ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ two posterior spinal arteries ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1000
+
1001
+ 251
1002
+ 00:23:10,780 --> 00:23:17,220
1003
+ ู‡ู…ุง left posterior spinal artery ูˆ right posterior
1004
+
1005
+ 252
1006
+ 00:23:17,220 --> 00:23:22,000
1007
+ spinal artery ูˆู‡ู†ุง single anterior spinal artery
1008
+
1009
+ 253
1010
+ 00:23:22,000 --> 00:23:24,600
1011
+ single anterior spinal artery
1012
+
1013
+ 254
1014
+ 00:23:32,990 --> 00:23:42,870
1015
+ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุงุถุญ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ anterior spinal artery ู‡ู†ุง
1016
+
1017
+ 255
1018
+ 00:23:42,870 --> 00:23:47,810
1019
+ ูˆุงุถุญ two posterior
1020
+
1021
+ 256
1022
+ 00:23:47,810 --> 00:23:53,490
1023
+ spinal artery left posterior spinal artery ูˆ right
1024
+
1025
+ 257
1026
+ 00:23:55,770 --> 00:24:01,050
1027
+ ูˆ ู…ู† ูƒู„ ุฌุงู†ุจ ู…ุน ุงู„ route ุจูŠุฌูŠูˆู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ Radicular
1028
+
1029
+ 258
1030
+ 00:24:01,050 --> 00:24:06,990
1031
+ artery left Radicular artery
1032
+
1033
+ 259
1034
+ 00:24:06,990 --> 00:24:15,290
1035
+ ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง right Radicular artery
1036
+
1037
+ 260
1038
+ 00:24:30,890 --> 00:24:35,530
1039
+ ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‰ radicular artery ู…ู† ุฌุณู… ุงู„ู‰ posterior
1040
+
1041
+ 261
1042
+ 00:24:35,530 --> 00:24:40,530
1043
+ radicular ูˆ anterior radicular ู‡ุฐุง anterior spinal
1044
+
1045
+ 262
1046
+ 00:24:40,530 --> 00:24:48,590
1047
+ artery ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… right posterior
1048
+
1049
+ 263
1050
+ 00:24:48,590 --> 00:24:54,310
1051
+ spinal artery ูˆ left posterior spinal artery ู‡ุฐุง
1052
+
1053
+ 264
1054
+ 00:24:54,310 --> 00:24:55,170
1055
+ radicular
1056
+
1057
+ 265
1058
+ 00:24:57,840 --> 00:25:04,620
1059
+ artery ู…ู† ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‡ posterior radicular artery ูˆ
1060
+
1061
+ 266
1062
+ 00:25:04,620 --> 00:25:10,920
1063
+ anterior radicular
1064
+
1065
+ 267
1066
+ 00:25:10,920 --> 00:25:14,900
1067
+ artery ูˆุน
1068
+
1069
+ 268
1070
+ 00:25:14,900 --> 00:25:15,880
1071
+ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก
1072
+
1073
+ 269
1074
+ 00:25:24,890 --> 00:25:33,230
1075
+ ูˆ ู…ู„ุงุญุธูŠู† ุงู† ุงู„ู€ anterior spinal artery supply two
1076
+
1077
+ 270
1078
+ 00:25:33,230 --> 00:25:38,730
1079
+ -third of spinal cord supply ุงูŠู‡ุŸ anterior horn
1080
+
1081
+ 271
1082
+ 00:25:38,730 --> 00:25:44,610
1083
+ cells, lateral horn cells, anterior column ูˆ
1084
+
1085
+ 272
1086
+ 00:25:44,610 --> 00:25:49,780
1087
+ lateral column ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ posteriorSpinal arteries
1088
+
1089
+ 273
1090
+ 00:25:49,780 --> 00:25:55,580
1091
+ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุจูŠุบุถูˆุง only posterior horn cells and
1092
+
1093
+ 274
1094
+ 00:25:55,580 --> 00:26:00,960
1095
+ posterior column of spinal cord ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ anterior
1096
+
1097
+ 275
1098
+ 00:26:00,960 --> 00:26:06,170
1099
+ spinal artery ู…ุน ุฃู†ู‡ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู„ูƒู† ุจูŠุบุถูŠtwo thirds of
1100
+
1101
+ 276
1102
+ 00:26:06,170 --> 00:26:11,490
1103
+ the spinal cord ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ two posterior spinal
1104
+
1105
+ 277
1106
+ 00:26:11,490 --> 00:26:17,270
1107
+ arteries ุจูŠุบุฏูˆุง one third of a spinal cord ูˆู‡ูŠูƒ
1108
+
1109
+ 278
1110
+ 00:26:17,270 --> 00:26:22,010
1111
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุตู„ู†ุง ู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ anatomy of the spinal
1112
+
1113
+ 279
1114
+ 00:26:22,010 --> 00:26:26,310
1115
+ cord ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุงู„ุนุงููŠุฉ ูˆ ุฏูˆู…ุชู… ุจุฃู„ู ุฎูŠุฑ
1116
+
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PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/SLAGdeHLE64_raw.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,1128 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:04,980 --> 00:00:08,800
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ spinal
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:08,800 --> 00:00:14,620
7
+ cord anatomy ุฑุงุญ ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ุฃุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ exit of spinal
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:14,620 --> 00:00:18,800
11
+ nerve root ุนุดุงู† ู†ูู‡ู… ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ู‡ู„ู‡ ุตุญ ุฑุงุญ ุฃุฑุณู…ู„ูƒู…
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:18,800 --> 00:00:28,180
15
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ููŠุฑุชุจุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงูŠู‡ ููŠุฑุชุจุฑุฉ ููŠุฑุชุจุฑุฉ one ุงูˆ
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:28,180 --> 00:00:33,480
19
+ c one c two c
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:33,480 --> 00:00:33,840
23
+ three
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:37,610 --> 00:00:46,230
27
+ C4 C5 C6 C7
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:46,230 --> 00:00:56,130
31
+ T1
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:56,130 --> 00:01:00,010
35
+ T2
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:01:00,010 --> 00:01:02,050
39
+ T3
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:01:03,080 --> 00:01:07,540
43
+ ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ vertebra ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงูŠู‡
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:01:07,540 --> 00:01:14,320
47
+ ุงู„ vertebra ุงู„ุงู† ุฑุงุญ ุงุฑุณู… ู„ูƒู… ุจุงู„ู„ูˆู† ุงู„ุฃุญู…ุฑ ุงู„
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:14,320 --> 00:01:20,000
51
+ spinal nerve root ู…ู† ูˆุงู† ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุฃุญู…ุฑ C1 C1
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:20,000 --> 00:01:29,100
55
+ ุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ููˆู‚ C1 vertebra C2 ู…ู† ููˆู‚ C2 vertebra C3 ู…ู†
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:29,100 --> 00:01:39,370
59
+ ููˆู‚ C3 vertebra C4ู…ู† ููˆู‚ C4 ูˆู…ู† ููˆู‚ C5 ูˆู…ู† ููˆู‚ C6
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:39,370 --> 00:01:52,530
63
+ ูˆู…ู† ููˆู‚ C7 ูˆู…ู† ููˆู‚ C6 ูˆู…ู† ููˆู‚ C7T1 ููŠ ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู‡ ููŠ
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:52,530 --> 00:02:01,530
67
+ C ูƒู…ุงู† C eighth root ู…ู† ููˆู‚ T1 ุงูˆ ู…ู† ุชุญุช T7 ู‡ู„ุฃ
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:02:01,530 --> 00:02:09,030
71
+ ุงู†ุฌู„ุจุช ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ T1 ุตุงุฑ ู…ู† ุชุญุช T1 vertibra T2 ู…ู† ุชุญุช
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:02:09,030 --> 00:02:17,880
75
+ T2 vertibra T3 ู…ู† ุชุญุช T3 vertibra ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ู€ T1ุตุงุฑ
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:02:17,880 --> 00:02:24,900
79
+ below ู…ู† ุชุญุช ุงู„ vertebra ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ ู…ู† C1 ู„ C7 above
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:02:24,900 --> 00:02:32,780
83
+ ู…ู† ููˆู‚ ุงู„ vertebra ู…ู† ููˆู‚ ุงู„ vertebra ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:02:32,780 --> 00:02:37,740
87
+ spinal nerve ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ inter vertebral ููˆุฑุง ู…ู†ู‡ุง
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:02:37,740 --> 00:02:45,160
91
+ C1 ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ horizontal above C1 vertebra ู…ู† C2 ู„ C7
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:45,160 --> 00:02:55,500
95
+ ุจุฎุฑุฌูˆุงู…ู† ููˆู‚ ุงู„ vertebra C8 ุชุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ููˆู‚ T1 ุงูˆ ู…ู†
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:55,500 --> 00:03:01,460
99
+ ุชุญุช C7 vertebra ู‡ูŠ C8 ุงู…ุง ุงู‚ูˆู„ ู…ู† ููˆู‚ T1 vertebra
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:03:01,460 --> 00:03:07,420
103
+ ุงูˆ ู…ู† ุชุญุช C7 vertebraุงู„ุซุฑูˆุณูƒ ูˆุงู„ู„ู…ุจุฑ ูˆุงู„ุณุงูƒุฑุงู„
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:03:07,420 --> 00:03:12,800
107
+ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ู…ู† ุชุญุช ุงู„ูุฑุชุจุฑุฉุŒ ู…ู† ุชุญุช ุงู„ูุฑุชุจุฑุฉุŒ ุงู„ู„ูˆุฑ
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:03:12,800 --> 00:03:17,880
111
+ ู„ู…ุจุฑ ุชุญุช ุงู„ุฃู„ูˆุงู† ูˆุงู„ุณุงูƒุฑุงู„ ูˆุงู„ูƒูˆูƒุณูŠุฒูŠุง ุงู„ู†ุงุฑุŒ
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:03:17,880 --> 00:03:24,750
115
+ ุฏู„ุณู†ุช ุจู†ุฒู„ู‡ vertical asas a cauda equina ุจู†ุฒู„ู‡ ู…ุซู„
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:03:24,750 --> 00:03:29,290
119
+ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง cauda equina ูˆุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุจุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ู…ู† ุชุญุช ุงู„
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:03:29,290 --> 00:03:34,710
123
+ vertebra ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ู… ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ exit of spinal nerve
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:03:34,710 --> 00:03:41,690
127
+ root ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ู‡ู†ุง ู„ูˆ ู„ุงุญุธู†ุง C1 ุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ููˆู‚
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:03:41,690 --> 00:03:47,470
131
+ C1 C5
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:03:47,470 --> 00:03:57,900
135
+ rootุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ููˆู‚ C5 Vertebra ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ุงู„ T10 root
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:57,900 --> 00:04:04,300
139
+ ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุชุญุช ุงู„ T10 Vertebra ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ุงู„ T12 root
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:04:04,300 --> 00:04:07,980
143
+ ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุชุญุช ุงู„ T12 Vertebra
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:04:11,370 --> 00:04:15,930
147
+ ูˆ ุงู„ lower lumbar ูˆุงู„ุณุงู‚ุฑุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ุงู† ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ู…ู† ุชุญุช
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:04:15,930 --> 00:04:19,810
151
+ ุงู„ vertebra ูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงุณู…ู‡ู… ุงูŠู‡ cauda equina below
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:04:19,810 --> 00:04:25,490
155
+ the termination of spinal cord cauda equina ู‡ูŠูƒ
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:04:25,490 --> 00:04:31,750
159
+ ุงู†ุง ุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒู… ุงู„ exit of spinal nerve root
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:04:36,170 --> 00:04:39,230
163
+ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง two enlargement ุงุชูุฌู†ุง ุงู† ุงู„ spinal cord
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:04:39,230 --> 00:04:43,270
167
+ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ one centimeter ู„ูƒู† ู„ู‡ two enlargement ุงู„ two
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:04:43,270 --> 00:04:48,970
171
+ enlargement ูˆุงุถุญูŠู† ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฑุณู…ุฉ ูŠุฏูˆูŠ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:04:48,970 --> 00:04:54,980
175
+ lumber enlargementูˆ ุงู„ู€ cervical enlargement ู‡ุงู†
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:04:54,980 --> 00:04:59,380
179
+ ุงู„ spinal cord ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ diameter ุชุจุนู‡ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู†
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:04:59,380 --> 00:05:03,640
183
+ ุงู„ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู‡ุงุฏ ุงู„ enlargement two enlargement
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:05:03,640 --> 00:05:07,160
187
+ ููŠู†ุง cervical enlargement ูˆ ููŠู†ุง lumbar
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:05:07,160 --> 00:05:10,580
191
+ enlargement ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ู… cervical and lumbar
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:05:10,580 --> 00:05:20,320
195
+ enlargement cervical enlargementู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† C5 C6
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:05:20,320 --> 00:05:29,480
199
+ C7 C8 and D1 ุฏูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฏูˆุฑุณู„ ุงูˆ T ุซุฑุงุซูƒ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:05:29,480 --> 00:05:34,340
203
+ ุฏูˆุฑุณู„ ุงูˆ ุซุฑุงุซูƒ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ู‡ู… ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† C5 C6 C7 C8
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:05:34,340 --> 00:05:38,420
207
+ and D1 ุงูˆ T1 segment of spinal cord ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงูŠุด
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:05:38,420 --> 00:05:43,180
211
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ู†ุง ูŠุง ุฌู…ุงุนุฉ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ู†ุง ุงูˆ ุจูŠุนุทูˆู†ุง ุงู„ origin
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:05:43,180 --> 00:05:48,430
215
+ ofุจุฑุงูƒูŠุงู„ ุฅุจู„ูŠูƒุณุงุณ ุงู„ู€ origin ุชุจุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุจุฑุงูƒูŠุงู„
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:05:48,430 --> 00:05:52,890
219
+ ุฅุจู„ูŠูƒุณุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ supplying ู„ู…ู†ุŸ ู„ู„ upper limbs
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:05:52,890 --> 00:05:57,230
223
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ supplying ู„ู…ู†ุŸ ู„ู„ upper limbs ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ุง
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:05:57,230 --> 00:06:03,530
227
+ cervical enlargementููŠ ุฌุฒุก ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ lumber
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:06:03,530 --> 00:06:07,990
231
+ enlargement ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ one ุงู„ two ุงู„ three ุงู„
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:06:07,990 --> 00:06:12,730
235
+ four ุงู„ five and as one as two segments of spinal
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:06:12,730 --> 00:06:17,720
239
+ cord ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจูŠุนุทูˆู†ุง ุงู„ branches ุฃูˆ ุงู„ origin ู„ู…ูŠู†ู„ู„ู€
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:06:17,720 --> 00:06:23,000
243
+ Lumbosacral Plexus which supply the lower limbs
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:06:23,000 --> 00:06:27,440
247
+ ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… load ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุดูŠ
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:06:27,440 --> 00:06:30,340
251
+ ุจุชุญุฑูƒ ููŠ ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูˆ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุดูŠ ููŠ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ upper
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:06:30,340 --> 00:06:33,120
255
+ limbs ูˆ ุงู„ lower limbs ูˆ ุจุชุญุฑูƒ ูˆ ุจุฏู‡ู… ุนุตุงุจ ูƒุชูŠุฑุฉ
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:06:33,120 --> 00:06:36,300
259
+ ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ spinal cord okay
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:06:36,300 --> 00:06:40,720
263
+ ุจู„ุฒู…ู‡ู… ุงู„ neuronูƒุซูŠุฑ ููŠ ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ุงู„ survival ูˆ ุงู„
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:06:40,720 --> 00:06:44,720
267
+ lumber ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู„ู†ุง enlargement ุงู„ spinal cord ุนุดุงู†
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:06:44,720 --> 00:06:52,100
271
+ ูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงู„ ู‡ูˆ brachial plexus ูˆ lumbosacral plexus
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:52,100 --> 00:06:57,920
275
+ for upper limbs ูˆ lower limbs ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ู†ุงุงู„ู…ูƒุงู†
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:57,920 --> 00:07:00,460
279
+ ู‡ุฐุง ููŠู‡ cervical enlargement ููŠ ุงู„ู€ spinal cord
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:07:00,460 --> 00:07:05,400
283
+ ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง break ุงู„ุงุจู„ูŠูƒุณุงุต ูˆ ุชุญุช ููŠ ุงู„ spinal cord
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:07:05,400 --> 00:07:10,000
287
+ ููŠู‡ lumbar enlargement ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง lumbosacral ablixus
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:07:10,000 --> 00:07:16,100
291
+ ู„ู„ู€ lower limbs ุจู†ุชุฌู„
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:07:16,100 --> 00:07:20,700
295
+ ุงู„ุขู† ู„ internal structure of the spinal cord
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:07:20,700 --> 00:07:24,740
299
+ internal structure of the spinal cord ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:07:46,240 --> 00:07:52,700
303
+ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‰ white matter ู‡ุฏู‰
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:07:52,700 --> 00:07:55,860
307
+ white matter ุจุชุฎุชู„ู ุนู† ุงู„ brain ุจุชูƒูˆู† more outer
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:07:55,860 --> 00:08:04,770
311
+ ูˆููŠ ุงู„ grey matterุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ central
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:08:04,770 --> 00:08:08,550
315
+ canal ุจุชูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ gray commissar ู‡ู†ุง ู…ุด ูˆุงุถุญ ูƒุชูŠุฑ
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:08:08,550 --> 00:08:11,290
319
+ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ central canal ู…ุชุฐูƒุฑูŠู† ุงู„ central canal ู‡ุฐุง
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:08:11,290 --> 00:08:13,530
323
+ ุจูŠูุชุญ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ู‚ุจู„ ุงู† ุฌุงุชู‡ ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ fourth
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:08:13,530 --> 00:08:17,830
327
+ ventricle ูˆุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ CSF ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏู‰ ููŠ white
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:08:17,830 --> 00:08:20,790
331
+ motor ุจุชูƒูˆู† outer ูˆ gray motor ุจุชูƒูˆู† inner ุงู„ gray
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:08:20,790 --> 00:08:25,010
335
+ motor ุจุชุดุจู‡ ุญุฑู ุงู„ H ุจุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠ ู…ุซู„ ุญุฑู ุงู„ H ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:08:25,010 --> 00:08:28,030
339
+ ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง commissar gray commissar ู‡ุงู† ุชุฑุจุท ุงู„
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:08:28,030 --> 00:08:30,570
343
+ right ู…ุน ุงู„ left spinal cord ููŠ ุงู„ gray commissar
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:08:30,570 --> 00:08:43,020
347
+ ููŠCentral Spinal Canal ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุงู‹ 1 ู…ู„ูŠ ู…ุชุฑ ู†ุจุฏุฃ
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:08:43,020 --> 00:08:48,680
351
+ ุจู€ Grammar Grammar ู„ูŠุณ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุดูŠุก ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† nerve
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:08:48,680 --> 00:08:53,320
355
+ cells ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† nerve cells ุจุดุจู‡ ุญุฑู ุงู„ H ุญุฑู ุงู„ H
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:08:53,320 --> 00:08:59,760
359
+ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† anterior horn cells anterior horn cells
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:09:05,550 --> 00:09:08,670
363
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ Anterior Horn Cells ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… Motor Function
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:09:08,670 --> 00:09:17,710
367
+ Motor Function ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุจุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:09:17,710 --> 00:09:25,330
371
+ ู‡ูˆุฑู† ุณูŠู„ุฒPosterior horn cells ูˆูˆุธูุชู‡ู… ุงูŠู‡ Sensory
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:09:25,330 --> 00:09:30,030
375
+ right and left ูˆูˆุธูุชู‡ู… Sensory ูˆููŠ lateral horn
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:09:30,030 --> 00:09:37,370
379
+ cells ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ููŠ ุซุฑูˆุณูƒ ู…ู† L1 ู…ู† T1 ู„ุญุฏ L2 ู‡ุฐุง
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:09:37,370 --> 00:09:43,150
383
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงุถุงูุฉ horn ุงุถุงูุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ lateral horn cells
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:09:43,150 --> 00:09:50,890
387
+ lateral horn cellsู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆุถูุชู‡ู… sympathetic function
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:09:50,890 --> 00:09:56,490
391
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ anterior horn cells ูˆุถูุชู‡ู… motor
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:09:56,490 --> 00:10:01,130
395
+ right and left ููŠ posterior horn cells right and
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:10:01,130 --> 00:10:07,230
399
+ left ูˆุถูุชู‡ู… sensory ูˆู…ู† T1 ู„ L2 ููŠ lateral horn
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:10:07,230 --> 00:10:11,390
403
+ cells ูˆุถูุชู‡ู… sympathetic ุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ู… ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:10:11,390 --> 00:10:16,180
407
+ autonomic nervous systemูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ููŠ Central
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:10:16,180 --> 00:10:23,320
411
+ Spinal Canal Central Spinal Canal Central Spinal
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:10:23,320 --> 00:10:28,320
415
+ Canal ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ CSF ูˆ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ Gray
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:10:28,320 --> 00:10:37,040
419
+ Commission ู‡ุฐูŠ Gray Commission ุจุชุฑุจุท ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ Right
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:10:37,040 --> 00:10:40,440
423
+ ูˆ Left part of Spinal Cord
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:10:46,510 --> 00:10:51,710
427
+ Anterior Horn Cells Left Anterior Horn Cells Right
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:10:51,710 --> 00:10:57,410
431
+ ูˆุงุถูุชู‡ุง motor ูˆููŠ posterior horn cells left
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:10:57,410 --> 00:11:02,670
435
+ posterior horn cells right ูˆุงุถูุชู‡ุง sensory ูˆุงุชูุฌู†ุง
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:11:02,670 --> 00:11:10,850
439
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ T1 ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ two ููŠู‡ุง ู†ูƒูˆู†ุฅุถุงููŠ horn
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:11:10,850 --> 00:11:15,650
443
+ lateral horn cells ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุฅูŠู‡ุŸ lateral horn
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:11:15,650 --> 00:11:21,510
447
+ cells lateral horn cells ูˆุงุถูŠูุชู‡
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:11:21,510 --> 00:11:25,710
451
+ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ูˆุงุถูŠูุชู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ autonomic function autonomic
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:11:25,710 --> 00:11:29,910
455
+ function ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ sympathetic nervous system ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:11:29,910 --> 00:11:40,350
459
+ ู‡ู†ุง horn ุฅุถุงููŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ lateral horn cellsู„ุงุชุฑุงู„ ู‡ูˆุฑู†
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:11:40,350 --> 00:11:44,470
463
+ ุณูŠู„ุฒ ูˆุงุถูŠูุชูˆุง ุงูŠู‡ sympathetic function ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:11:44,470 --> 00:11:48,910
467
+ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ gray commissure gray commissure
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:11:48,910 --> 00:11:51,830
471
+ ุจุชู„ุจุท ุงู„ right ูˆ left part of spinal cord ูˆ ููŠ
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:11:51,830 --> 00:11:57,070
475
+ ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ central spinal canal
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:11:57,070 --> 00:12:04,550
479
+ central spinal canal ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ CSF ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:12:04,550 --> 00:12:09,130
483
+ neurons ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ gray ู…ุทุงุฑููŠ ุงู„ู€ Grammar ููŠ
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:12:09,130 --> 00:12:13,470
487
+ ุงุชูุงู‚ู†ุง Sensory Neurons ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ูˆูŠู†
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:12:13,470 --> 00:12:17,510
491
+ Sensory NeuronsุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Posterior Horn Cells ูˆููŠ
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:12:17,510 --> 00:12:22,750
495
+ Motor Neurons ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Anterior
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:12:22,750 --> 00:12:26,490
499
+ Horn Cells ุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ุจู†ู‚ุณู…ู‡ ู„Alpha Motor Neuron
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:12:26,490 --> 00:12:30,770
503
+ ูˆGamma Motoneuron ุงู„ู€ Alpha Motoneuron ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู„ู‚ุง
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:12:30,770 --> 00:12:35,670
507
+ ุจุงู„ู€ Large Type A Alphaู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ูุงูŠุจุฑุฒ ูˆุงุถูุชู‡ู…
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:12:35,670 --> 00:12:40,090
511
+ stimulation of the muscle fibers ูˆุงู„ู€ gamma
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:12:40,090 --> 00:12:45,710
515
+ motoneuron ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจcontrol of the muscle tone
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:12:45,710 --> 00:12:51,190
519
+ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ a smaller type of a gamma ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ gamma
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:12:51,190 --> 00:12:56,630
523
+ ูˆุงุถูุชู‡ุง control of muscle tonemuscle tone ูˆ alpha
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:12:56,630 --> 00:13:01,110
527
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจ stimulation of muscle fibers ุจูŠู† ุงู„
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:13:01,110 --> 00:13:05,370
531
+ posterior horn ูˆ ุงู„ anterior horn ููŠ ุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:13:05,370 --> 00:13:08,710
535
+ ู…ุชุฐูƒุฑูŠู† ุงู„ reflexุŸ ุดูˆูู†ุงู‡ุŸ ููŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง inter
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:13:08,710 --> 00:13:14,070
539
+ neurons inter neurons ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ inter
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:13:14,070 --> 00:13:18,360
543
+ neurons ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ inter neuronsูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง integrative
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:13:18,360 --> 00:13:22,400
547
+ function ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง reflex center ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุจุชูŠุฌูŠ
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:13:22,400 --> 00:13:25,780
551
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ sensory ู„ู„ู…ูˆุชุฑ ุนู„ู‰ level spinal cord ู‡ุฐู‡
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:13:25,780 --> 00:13:30,880
555
+ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง reflex center ูˆุงุชูุงุฌู†ุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง autonomic
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:13:30,880 --> 00:13:35,480
559
+ neurons ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ spinal cord ุฑุงุญ
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:13:35,480 --> 00:13:39,200
563
+ ุฃุดุฑุญู‡ู… ุงู„ autonomic neurons ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:13:39,200 --> 00:13:42,540
567
+ autonomic nervous system ู…ุด ุฑุงุญ ุฃุชุทุฑู‚ ู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ูŠูˆู…
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:13:45,390 --> 00:13:50,130
571
+ ุจู†ุชุฌู„ ุงู„ white matter ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุงู† ุงู„ grey matter ููŠ
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:13:50,130 --> 00:13:52,490
575
+ ุงู„ brain ุจุชูƒูˆู† outer ูˆ ุงู„ white matter inner ููŠ ุงู„
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:13:52,490 --> 00:13:57,050
579
+ spinal cord ุงู„ุนูƒุณ ุงู„ grey matter inner ูˆ ุงู„ white
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:13:57,050 --> 00:14:00,930
583
+ matter outer ุงู„ white matter it surround the grey
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:14:00,930 --> 00:14:05,570
587
+ matter ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงู„ grey matterand contains
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:14:05,570 --> 00:14:09,170
591
+ ascending and descending tract ูˆุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ุง ุจูŠู…ุฑ
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:14:09,170 --> 00:14:12,710
595
+ ascending tract ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… sensory ู…ู† ุงู„ spinal cord
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:14:12,710 --> 00:14:16,570
599
+ ู„ุงู„ brain ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุนูƒุณ descending tract ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… motor
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:14:16,570 --> 00:14:22,570
603
+ ุงูˆ efferent ู…ู† ุงู„ brain ู„ ุงู„ spinal cord ูˆุจู†ู‚ุณู…ู‡
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:14:22,570 --> 00:14:29,710
607
+ ุฅู„ู‰ three columns ุงูˆ fascicula anterior columnูˆ
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:14:29,710 --> 00:14:33,430
611
+ lateral column ูˆ posterior column ุงู„ posterior
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:14:33,430 --> 00:14:37,890
615
+ column ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ dorsal column ูˆ anterior column
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:14:37,890 --> 00:14:42,230
619
+ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ventral column ุฃูƒุจุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:14:42,230 --> 00:14:49,650
623
+ lateral column ู†ุจุฏุฃ ู†ุดูˆู ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ grey matter
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:14:59,450 --> 00:15:08,810
627
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฅูŠู‡ gray ู…ุทุงุฑ ู‡ู†ุง gray commissar ุชู…ุงู…
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:15:08,810 --> 00:15:13,590
631
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ gray commissar ู‡ุฐุง central spinal canal
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:15:16,720 --> 00:15:23,040
635
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ posterior horn cells sensory ู‡ุฐู‡ anterior horn
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:15:23,040 --> 00:15:26,840
639
+ cells motor ู‡ู†ุง ุจุชูƒูˆู† lateral horn cells ุงู„ู„ูŠ
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:15:26,840 --> 00:15:30,500
643
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ autonomic function ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงูŠู‡
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:15:30,500 --> 00:15:35,140
647
+ sympathetic ุงูƒุชุฑ ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ anterior horn cells ูˆ
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:15:35,140 --> 00:15:41,440
651
+ posterior horn cells ุชู…ุงู… ู‡ุฐุง central spinal canal
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:15:44,320 --> 00:15:51,320
655
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุนุชุจุฑ gray ู…ุทุฑ ุงู„ุงู† ู†ุฑุณู… white ู…ุทุฑ ู„ุงู† ุดูˆู ุงู„
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:15:51,320 --> 00:15:54,120
659
+ inter neurons ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุงู„ inter neurons ู‡ู†ุง
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:15:54,120 --> 00:15:59,260
663
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ูˆุถูุชู‡ู… integrative function ุจูŠุญุงูˆู„ูˆุง
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:15:59,260 --> 00:16:03,820
667
+ ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ posterior horn cells ู„ู„
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:16:03,820 --> 00:16:10,360
671
+ anterior horn cells ูˆุถูุชู‡ู… reflex center ู†ุฌูŠ ู†ู‚ุณู…
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:16:10,360 --> 00:16:12,300
675
+ ุงู„ white ู…ุทุฑ ู„ column
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:16:20,370 --> 00:16:26,310
679
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ anterior
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:16:26,310 --> 00:16:31,610
683
+ column
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:16:31,610 --> 00:16:34,850
687
+ right
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:16:34,850 --> 00:16:40,550
691
+ ู‡ุงูŠ
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:16:40,550 --> 00:16:46,430
695
+ right ูˆู‡ู†ุง left ู‡ุฐุง right ูˆ
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:16:48,450 --> 00:16:54,870
699
+ ู‡ุฐุง left ู‡ุฐุง ุฃุณู ู‡ุฐุง anterior column
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:16:54,870 --> 00:17:10,610
703
+ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ lift ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠู‡ right anterior column ู†ุฑุณู…
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:17:10,610 --> 00:17:20,070
707
+ ู‡ู†ุง ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุกู‡ุฐู‡ right right right ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ left
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:17:20,070 --> 00:17:30,310
711
+ left left ู‡ู†ุง left posterior
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:17:30,310 --> 00:17:38,610
715
+ column right posterior column ู‡ู†ุง ุจู…ุฑ ุฅุฌุฑุงุก ุงู„ุณูŠู„
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:17:38,610 --> 00:17:43,450
719
+ attract ูˆู‡ู†ุง connect attractEgressory tract ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:17:43,450 --> 00:17:46,150
723
+ more medial ูˆ connective tract ุจูŠูƒูˆู† more lateral
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:17:46,150 --> 00:17:50,230
727
+ ู„ุฏู‰ ุงู„ deep sensation ุดุฑุญู†ุงู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ brain stem ูˆ
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:17:50,230 --> 00:17:54,230
731
+ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ lateral
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:17:54,230 --> 00:18:00,510
735
+ column
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:18:00,510 --> 00:18:12,000
739
+ ู‡ุฐุง left lateral column ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ rightlateral
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:18:12,000 --> 00:18:23,420
743
+ column ุงู†ุง
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:18:23,420 --> 00:18:26,080
747
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุจู…ูˆุฑููŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ lateral
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:18:26,080 --> 00:18:31,180
751
+ corticospinal tract ู„ู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ูˆ lateral
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:18:31,180 --> 00:18:35,680
755
+ spinothalamic tract ู„ู„ุดุนูˆุฑ ุจุงู„ุถุบุท ูˆุงู„ุดุนูˆุฑ ุจุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:18:35,680 --> 00:18:39,620
759
+ ุฑุงุญ ุงุดุฑุญู‡ู… ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุงุชู‡ู… ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
760
+
761
+ 191
762
+ 00:18:39,620 --> 00:18:43,080
763
+ right sideูˆู‡ู†ุง ุจุชุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ู€ left ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง
764
+
765
+ 192
766
+ 00:18:43,080 --> 00:18:48,320
767
+ lateral column ูˆู‡ู†ุง anterior ุฃูˆ ventral column
768
+
769
+ 193
770
+ 00:18:48,320 --> 00:18:51,880
771
+ ูˆู‡ู†ุง posterior ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ posterior column ู…ู†
772
+
773
+ 194
774
+ 00:18:51,880 --> 00:18:55,300
775
+ ุงู„ posterior median fissure ู„ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ exit of
776
+
777
+ 195
778
+ 00:18:55,300 --> 00:18:58,520
779
+ posterior root ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ anterior column ู…ู† ุงู„
780
+
781
+ 196
782
+ 00:18:58,520 --> 00:19:00,920
783
+ anterior median fissure ู„ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ exit of
784
+
785
+ 197
786
+ 00:19:00,920 --> 00:19:04,360
787
+ anterior root ุทุจ ุงู„ lateral column ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ู…ูƒุงู†
788
+
789
+ 198
790
+ 00:19:04,360 --> 00:19:08,050
791
+ exit of posterior rootูˆ ุงู„ exit of anterior root
792
+
793
+ 199
794
+ 00:19:08,050 --> 00:19:10,730
795
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ anterior root ูˆ ุงู„ posterior root ุงู„ exit
796
+
797
+ 200
798
+ 00:19:10,730 --> 00:19:15,210
799
+ ุชุจุนู‡ู… ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง lateral column ุงู„ lateral
800
+
801
+ 201
802
+ 00:19:15,210 --> 00:19:17,290
803
+ column ูˆ ุงู„ anterior ูˆ ุงู„ posterior ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
804
+
805
+ 202
806
+ 00:19:17,290 --> 00:19:32,650
807
+ white matter white matter ู‡ู†ุง
808
+
809
+ 203
810
+ 00:19:32,650 --> 00:19:32,950
811
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
812
+
813
+ 204
814
+ 00:19:37,390 --> 00:19:41,250
815
+ ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ูƒูˆู„ูˆู… ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู† ูุดุงุฑ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ exit
816
+
817
+ 205
818
+ 00:19:41,250 --> 00:19:49,270
819
+ of ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ุฑูˆุช ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู† ูุดุงุฑ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ exit
820
+
821
+ 206
822
+ 00:19:49,270 --> 00:19:52,370
823
+ of ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู† ูุดุงุฑ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ exit of ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ
824
+
825
+ 207
826
+ 00:19:52,370 --> 00:19:54,790
827
+ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู† ูุดุงุฑ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ exit of ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู† ูุดุงุฑ
828
+
829
+ 208
830
+ 00:19:54,790 --> 00:19:54,790
831
+ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ exit of ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู† ูุดุงุฑ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ exit
832
+
833
+ 209
834
+ 00:19:54,790 --> 00:19:54,790
835
+ of ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู† ูุดุงุฑ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ exit of ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ
836
+
837
+ 210
838
+ 00:19:54,790 --> 00:19:54,790
839
+ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู† ูุดุงุฑ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ exit of ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู† ูุดุงุฑ
840
+
841
+ 211
842
+ 00:19:54,790 --> 00:19:55,710
843
+ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ exit of ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู† ูุดุงุฑ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ exit
844
+
845
+ 212
846
+ 00:19:55,710 --> 00:20:02,750
847
+ of ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู† ูุดุงุฑ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ exit of ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ
848
+
849
+ 213
850
+ 00:20:02,750 --> 00:20:05,290
851
+ ู…ูŠุฏูŠ
852
+
853
+ 214
854
+ 00:20:05,940 --> 00:20:11,680
855
+ lateral column ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุจู„ุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
856
+
857
+ 215
858
+ 00:20:11,680 --> 00:20:21,360
859
+ right side ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† classification
860
+
861
+ 216
862
+ 00:20:21,360 --> 00:20:28,520
863
+ of attracts the attracts divide into short tract ูˆ
864
+
865
+ 217
866
+ 00:20:28,520 --> 00:20:33,800
867
+ long tract short tract ุงุณู…ู‡ุง associative and
868
+
869
+ 218
870
+ 00:20:33,800 --> 00:20:38,320
871
+ commissary tractthe begins and ends in the spinal
872
+
873
+ 219
874
+ 00:20:38,320 --> 00:20:42,100
875
+ cordุŒ ุงู„ commissural tract ุจุฑุจุทู‡ ุงู„ right ู…ุน ุงู„
876
+
877
+ 220
878
+ 00:20:42,100 --> 00:20:45,660
879
+ leftุŒ ูˆุงู„ associative tract ุจุฑุจุทู‡ ุงู„ adjustment
880
+
881
+ 221
882
+ 00:20:45,660 --> 00:20:52,600
883
+ area C1 ู…ุน C2ุŒ C3ุŒ C4 ูŠุนู†ูŠุŒ they are found closely
884
+
885
+ 222
886
+ 00:20:52,600 --> 00:20:57,040
887
+ in the gray matter ูˆ they are associative in
888
+
889
+ 223
890
+ 00:20:57,040 --> 00:21:01,750
891
+ functionู„ูˆู†ุฌ ุชุฑุงูƒุช ู„ูˆู†ุฌ ุชุฑุงูƒุช ุจุณู…ูŠู‡ู… projection
892
+
893
+ 224
894
+ 00:21:01,750 --> 00:21:07,150
895
+ tract ุงู…ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ascending tract ุตุนูŠุฏ ุงูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู…
896
+
897
+ 225
898
+ 00:21:07,150 --> 00:21:12,480
899
+ afferent tract ุงูˆ sensory tractุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู…ุซู„ lateral
900
+
901
+ 226
902
+ 00:21:12,480 --> 00:21:16,740
903
+ spinothalamic ุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† spinal cord ูˆ ุฑูˆุญ ู„ุชู„ู…ุณ ุฃูˆ
904
+
905
+ 227
906
+ 00:21:16,740 --> 00:21:20,700
907
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง descending tract ู‡ุงุจุท ุงูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูˆู‡ู… efferent
908
+
909
+ 228
910
+ 00:21:20,700 --> 00:21:24,760
911
+ ุงูˆ motor ู…ุซู„ corticospinal tract lateral
912
+
913
+ 229
914
+ 00:21:24,760 --> 00:21:29,280
915
+ corticospinal tract ุฌุงู…ู„ ุงู„ cortex ูˆ ู†ุงุฒู„ ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„
916
+
917
+ 230
918
+ 00:21:29,280 --> 00:21:34,300
919
+ spinal cord ุงุฎุฑ ุฌุฒุฆูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ู‡ูŠ blood supply
920
+
921
+ 231
922
+ 00:21:34,300 --> 00:21:40,060
923
+ of the spinal cordููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‰ anterior spinal artery
924
+
925
+ 232
926
+ 00:21:40,060 --> 00:21:44,920
927
+ one ูˆ two posterior spinal arteries right and left
928
+
929
+ 233
930
+ 00:21:44,920 --> 00:21:47,480
931
+ ุงู„ anterior spinal artery ุฃุฎุฏู†ุงู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน
932
+
933
+ 234
934
+ 00:21:47,480 --> 00:21:51,240
935
+ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ blood supply of the brain ุงู„
936
+
937
+ 235
938
+ 00:21:51,240 --> 00:21:54,660
939
+ origin from the right and left vertebral artery
940
+
941
+ 236
942
+ 00:21:54,660 --> 00:21:58,480
943
+ ุฃูˆู„ุง ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ุงุชู†ูŠู† ูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ู‡ุง single anterior
944
+
945
+ 237
946
+ 00:21:58,480 --> 00:22:02,800
947
+ spinal arteryู…ุน ุงู† ูˆุงุญุฏ ู„ูƒู† ุฒุนูŠู… supply the
948
+
949
+ 238
950
+ 00:22:02,800 --> 00:22:08,060
951
+ anterior and lateral column of spinal cord ุจูŠุบุฏูŠู†
952
+
953
+ 239
954
+ 00:22:08,060 --> 00:22:11,980
955
+ ุงู„ anterior horn ูˆ ุงู„ lateral horn cells ูŠุนู†ูŠ
956
+
957
+ 240
958
+ 00:22:11,980 --> 00:22:14,820
959
+ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ ุซู„ุซูŠู† ุงู„ spinal cord ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ ุงู„ anterior horn
960
+
961
+ 241
962
+ 00:22:14,820 --> 00:22:18,420
963
+ ูˆ ุงู„ lateral horn ูˆ ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ ุงู„ anterior column ูˆ ุงู„
964
+
965
+ 242
966
+ 00:22:18,420 --> 00:22:22,630
967
+ lateral column of spinal cordit is the longest
968
+
969
+ 243
970
+ 00:22:22,630 --> 00:22:27,170
971
+ artery in the bodyุŒ ุฃุทูˆู„ ุดุฑูŠุงู†ุŒ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุทูˆู„ู‡
972
+
973
+ 244
974
+ 00:22:27,170 --> 00:22:32,810
975
+ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุฃุฑุจุนูŠู† ุณุงู†ุชูŠุŒ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุฃุฑุจุนูŠู† ุณุงู†ุชูŠู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ุงู„ู‰
976
+
977
+ 245
978
+ 00:22:32,810 --> 00:22:36,410
979
+ ุงู„ู€ two spinal arteries two spinal arteries ููŠ
980
+
981
+ 246
982
+ 00:22:36,410 --> 00:22:39,930
983
+ right and left ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ origin ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ู…ู† ุงู„
984
+
985
+ 247
986
+ 00:22:39,930 --> 00:22:44,230
987
+ vertabra ุงู„ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ูˆ ุจูŠุบุฏูˆ ุงู„ posterior horn and
988
+
989
+ 248
990
+ 00:22:44,230 --> 00:22:49,710
991
+ posterior column of spinal cord ูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌู†ุงุจ ู…ุน ุงู„
992
+
993
+ 249
994
+ 00:22:49,710 --> 00:22:53,290
995
+ root ู…ุน ุงู„ root ุจูŠุฌูŠูˆู†ุง radicular arteries right
996
+
997
+ 250
998
+ 00:22:53,290 --> 00:22:56,630
999
+ radicular artery and left radicular artery ู…ุน ูƒู„
1000
+
1001
+ 251
1002
+ 00:22:56,630 --> 00:23:02,220
1003
+ ุงูŠู‡ root ุฎูŠุงู†ุฉanterior spinal arteries ุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ุงุชู†ูŠู†
1004
+
1005
+ 252
1006
+ 00:23:02,220 --> 00:23:05,580
1007
+ ูˆุงุชุญุฏูˆุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ูˆุนุทูˆู†ุง single anterior spinal
1008
+
1009
+ 253
1010
+ 00:23:05,580 --> 00:23:10,780
1011
+ artery ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ two posterior spinal arteries ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1012
+
1013
+ 254
1014
+ 00:23:10,780 --> 00:23:17,220
1015
+ ู‡ู…ุง left posterior spinal artery ูˆ right posterior
1016
+
1017
+ 255
1018
+ 00:23:17,220 --> 00:23:22,000
1019
+ spinal artery ูˆู‡ู†ุง single anterior spinal artery
1020
+
1021
+ 256
1022
+ 00:23:22,000 --> 00:23:24,600
1023
+ single anterior spinal artery
1024
+
1025
+ 257
1026
+ 00:23:32,990 --> 00:23:42,870
1027
+ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุงุถุญ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ anterior spinal artery ู‡ู†ุง
1028
+
1029
+ 258
1030
+ 00:23:42,870 --> 00:23:47,810
1031
+ ูˆุงุถุญ two posterior
1032
+
1033
+ 259
1034
+ 00:23:47,810 --> 00:23:53,490
1035
+ spinal artery left posterior spinal artery ูˆ right
1036
+
1037
+ 260
1038
+ 00:23:55,770 --> 00:24:01,050
1039
+ ูˆ ู…ู† ูƒู„ ุฌุงู†ุจ ู…ุน ุงู„ route ุจูŠุฌูŠูˆู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ Radicular
1040
+
1041
+ 261
1042
+ 00:24:01,050 --> 00:24:06,990
1043
+ artery left Radicular artery
1044
+
1045
+ 262
1046
+ 00:24:06,990 --> 00:24:15,290
1047
+ ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง right Radicular artery
1048
+
1049
+ 263
1050
+ 00:24:30,890 --> 00:24:35,530
1051
+ ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‰ radicular artery ู…ู† ุฌุณู… ุงู„ู‰ posterior
1052
+
1053
+ 264
1054
+ 00:24:35,530 --> 00:24:40,530
1055
+ radicular ูˆ anterior radicular ู‡ุฐุง anterior spinal
1056
+
1057
+ 265
1058
+ 00:24:40,530 --> 00:24:48,590
1059
+ artery ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… right posterior
1060
+
1061
+ 266
1062
+ 00:24:48,590 --> 00:24:54,310
1063
+ spinal artery ูˆ left posterior spinal artery ู‡ุฐุง
1064
+
1065
+ 267
1066
+ 00:24:54,310 --> 00:24:55,170
1067
+ radicular
1068
+
1069
+ 268
1070
+ 00:24:57,840 --> 00:25:04,620
1071
+ artery ู…ู† ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‡ posterior radicular artery ูˆ
1072
+
1073
+ 269
1074
+ 00:25:04,620 --> 00:25:10,920
1075
+ anterior radicular
1076
+
1077
+ 270
1078
+ 00:25:10,920 --> 00:25:14,900
1079
+ artery ูˆุน
1080
+
1081
+ 271
1082
+ 00:25:14,900 --> 00:25:15,880
1083
+ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก
1084
+
1085
+ 272
1086
+ 00:25:24,890 --> 00:25:33,230
1087
+ ูˆ ู…ู„ุงุญุธูŠู† ุงู† ุงู„ู€ anterior spinal artery supply two
1088
+
1089
+ 273
1090
+ 00:25:33,230 --> 00:25:38,730
1091
+ -third of spinal cord supply ุงูŠู‡ุŸ anterior horn
1092
+
1093
+ 274
1094
+ 00:25:38,730 --> 00:25:44,610
1095
+ cells, lateral horn cells, anterior column ูˆ
1096
+
1097
+ 275
1098
+ 00:25:44,610 --> 00:25:49,780
1099
+ lateral column ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ posteriorSpinal arteries
1100
+
1101
+ 276
1102
+ 00:25:49,780 --> 00:25:55,580
1103
+ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุจูŠุบุถูˆุง only posterior horn cells and
1104
+
1105
+ 277
1106
+ 00:25:55,580 --> 00:26:00,960
1107
+ posterior column of spinal cord ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ anterior
1108
+
1109
+ 278
1110
+ 00:26:00,960 --> 00:26:06,170
1111
+ spinal artery ู…ุน ุฃู†ู‡ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู„ูƒู† ุจูŠุบุถูŠtwo thirds of
1112
+
1113
+ 279
1114
+ 00:26:06,170 --> 00:26:11,490
1115
+ the spinal cord ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ two posterior spinal
1116
+
1117
+ 280
1118
+ 00:26:11,490 --> 00:26:17,270
1119
+ arteries ุจูŠุบุฏูˆุง one third of a spinal cord ูˆู‡ูŠูƒ
1120
+
1121
+ 281
1122
+ 00:26:17,270 --> 00:26:22,010
1123
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุตู„ู†ุง ู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ anatomy of the spinal
1124
+
1125
+ 282
1126
+ 00:26:22,010 --> 00:26:26,310
1127
+ cord ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุงู„ุนุงููŠุฉ ูˆ ุฏูˆู…ุชู… ุจุฃู„ู ุฎูŠุฑ
1128
+
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/SYJEVo8m4NA.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,1869 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:04,990 --> 00:00:08,770
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:08,770 --> 00:00:16,400
7
+ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุฑุงุญ ู†ูƒู…ู„ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุงุช ู…ุณุงู‚ ุชุดุฑูŠุญ ุงู„ุฃุนุตุงุจ ูˆ
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:16,400 --> 00:00:20,480
11
+ ูุณูŠูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃุนุตุงุจ ูˆุตู„ู†ุง ู…ุนุงูƒู… ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฑู‚ู… 5
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:20,480 --> 00:00:26,440
15
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูƒุงู†ุช ุนู„ู‰ meninges and ventricular system
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:26,440 --> 00:00:31,840
19
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุณุงุฏุณ ุฑุงุญ ุชูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ blood supply of
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:31,840 --> 00:00:38,910
23
+ the brain and dural venous ุฃูˆ Dural Venous ู†ุจุฏุฃ
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:38,910 --> 00:00:45,090
27
+ ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ cerebral blood flow ุงูŠุด ู‡ูˆ
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:45,090 --> 00:00:51,190
31
+ ุงู„ cerebral blood flowุŸ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† blood supply
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:51,190 --> 00:00:59,250
35
+ to the brain in a given time ููŠ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุงู„ brain
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:59,250 --> 00:01:08,180
39
+ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ 20% ู…ู† ุงู„ total cardiac output ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ 750
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:01:08,180 --> 00:01:12,500
43
+ ู…ู„ูŠ ู„ุชุฑ ููŠ ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตู„ ุงู„ blood
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:01:12,500 --> 00:01:19,360
47
+ ู„ู„ brain ู„ูˆ ุฃุฎุฏู†ุง ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ regional cerebral blood
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:19,360 --> 00:01:23,520
51
+ flow ุฏุฑุณู†ุง ูƒู„ 100 ุฌุฑุงู… brain tissue ูƒู… ุจูŠุตู„ ู„ู‡ุง
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:23,520 --> 00:01:29,120
55
+ blood ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ูŠุตู„ 50 ู„ 54 ู…ู„ูŠู„ูŠุชุฑ
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:29,120 --> 00:01:32,800
59
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุทูŠุจ ู…ุงุฐุง ุจูŠุญุฏุซ
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:32,800 --> 00:01:36,960
63
+ ischemia ischemia ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู† ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุจุชูู‚ุฏ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:36,960 --> 00:01:42,160
67
+ ุจุฏูˆู† ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… death ู„ุณู‡ ู…ุง ู…ุงุชุช ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ูู‚ุฏุช
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:42,160 --> 00:01:46,020
71
+ ุงู„ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุจุณุจุจ ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ ุงู„ุชุฑูˆูŠุฉ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ischemia ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:46,020 --> 00:01:53,430
75
+ ุนู† ู†ู‚ุต ุชุฑูˆูŠุฉ ู…ุงุฐุง ุจุชุญุฏุซุŸ if blood flow to the brain
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:53,430 --> 00:02:01,030
79
+ below 18-20 milliliter per 100 gram per minute ุทูŠุจ
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:02:01,030 --> 00:02:05,950
83
+ ุชุญุฏุซ ู…ุชู‰ ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุจุชูู‚ุฏ ุงู„ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ูˆ ุจุชู…ูˆุช ูƒู…ุงู† ุจูŠุญุฏุซ
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:02:05,950 --> 00:02:14,330
87
+ ู„ู‡ุง death ููŠ ุญุงู„ ู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ cerebral blood flow ุฃู‚ู„
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:02:14,330 --> 00:02:21,630
91
+ ู…ู† 8 ู„ 10 ู…ู„ูŠ ู„ุชุฑ ู„ูƒู„ 100 ุฌุฑุงู… brain tissue ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:21,630 --> 00:02:28,950
95
+ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู‡ูŠูุฌุงู† ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุงู†ู‡ ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ูŠุตู„ ู„ุจุฑู† 750 ู…ู„ูŠ
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:28,950 --> 00:02:34,090
99
+ ู„ุชุฑ ู„ูƒู„ brain ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† 15 ู„
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:34,090 --> 00:02:37,350
103
+ 20% ู…ู† ุงู„ total cardiac output
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:42,050 --> 00:02:47,330
107
+ ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุจุชูู‚ุฏ ุงู„ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ุง ููŠ ุญุงู„ ู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ blood
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:47,330 --> 00:02:56,750
111
+ flow ู„ูƒุงู…ุŸ ู„ 18ุŒ 20 ู…ู„ู„ูŠู„ุชุฑ ู„ 100 gram brain tissue
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:56,750 --> 00:03:01,330
115
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุทุจ tissue death ุฃูˆ ุงู„ tissue
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:03:01,330 --> 00:03:05,070
119
+ death ู…ุชู‰ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุงู„ tissue deathุŸ ููŠ ุญุงู„ ู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ู€
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:03:05,070 --> 00:03:07,230
123
+ cerebral blood flowุŒ ุงู„ regional cerebral blood
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:03:07,230 --> 00:03:14,010
127
+ flowุŒ below a 10 milliliter blood ู„ูƒู„ 100 gram
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:03:14,010 --> 00:03:20,110
131
+ brain tissue per minute blood
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:03:20,110 --> 00:03:27,470
135
+ supply of the brain ุงู„ brain very important organ
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:27,470 --> 00:03:33,370
139
+ ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุงู†ู‡ ุจูŠุตู„ูˆุง ุนุดุฑูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ู…ู† the
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:33,370 --> 00:03:40,050
143
+ total cardiac output ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง ุจุชุฃุซุฑ ุงู„ brain ููŠ
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:40,050 --> 00:03:43,070
147
+ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ hypertension ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ hypertension
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:43,070 --> 00:03:50,310
151
+ ุงู„ blood supply of the brain ุงู„ brain ุจูŠุตู„ูˆุง blood
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:50,310 --> 00:03:59,060
155
+ ู…ู† two systems ุชูˆ system ุงูˆู„ system ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงูŠู‡
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:59,060 --> 00:04:03,680
159
+ carotid system carotid system ุซุงู†ูŠ system
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:04:03,680 --> 00:04:11,580
163
+ vertebrobasilar system vertebrobasilar system ุงู„
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:04:11,580 --> 00:04:18,030
167
+ carotid system ุจูŠุตู„ ุงู„ brain ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ internal
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:04:18,030 --> 00:04:22,570
171
+ carotid artery internal carotid artery ู‡ู†ุง right
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:04:22,570 --> 00:04:27,530
175
+ internal carotid artery and left internal carotid
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:04:27,530 --> 00:04:31,960
179
+ artery ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ vertebral basilar system ุจูŠุตู„ ุงู„
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:04:31,960 --> 00:04:35,980
183
+ blood ู„ู„ brain ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ two vertebral artery ูˆ
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:35,980 --> 00:04:39,560
187
+ ุงู„ two vertebral artery ุจุชุญุฏูˆุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู„ู†ุง
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:39,560 --> 00:04:45,500
191
+ single basilar artery ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง vertebral basilar
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:45,500 --> 00:04:54,260
195
+ system the main blood supply to the brain ุจุชุชู… ุนู†
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:54,260 --> 00:04:56,740
199
+ ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ carotid artery ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ internal carotid
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:56,740 --> 00:05:03,670
203
+ artery internal carotid artery supplied 80% of the
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:05:03,670 --> 00:05:08,190
207
+ brain ูŠุนู†ูŠ 80% ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ blood supply ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:05:08,190 --> 00:05:13,730
211
+ ุงู„ internal carotid artery ูˆ 20% ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:05:13,730 --> 00:05:19,390
215
+ vertebral basilar artery ู†ุฑุฌุน
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:05:19,390 --> 00:05:24,450
219
+ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ general anatomy ู†ุดูˆู ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ origin ุจุชุงุน
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:05:24,450 --> 00:05:30,330
223
+ ุงู„ internal carotid artery ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠุก ููŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:05:30,330 --> 00:05:34,290
227
+ common carotid artery ุงู„ carotid ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุดุฑูŠุงู†
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:05:34,290 --> 00:05:39,590
231
+ ุงู„ุณุจุงุชูŠ ุดุฑูŠุงู† ุงู„ุณุจุงุชูŠ ุงู„ุนุงู… ุจุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠ common carotid
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:39,590 --> 00:05:43,990
235
+ artery ุฃูˆ ุดุฑูŠุงู† ุงู„ุณุจุงุชูŠ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ุงู„ common carotid
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:43,990 --> 00:05:51,870
239
+ artery emerges from ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ุฎู„ุงู ููŠ right ูˆ ููŠ left
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:51,870 --> 00:05:59,070
243
+ ุงู„ right common carotid artery emerges from
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:59,070 --> 00:06:05,270
247
+ brachiocephalic trunk from brachiocephalic trunk
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:06:05,270 --> 00:06:09,650
251
+ ุทูŠุจุŒ brachiocephalic trunk ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ู‚ุฑุด ูˆ ููŠ
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:06:09,650 --> 00:06:13,750
255
+ ุฃูˆูˆุฑุชู‡ brachiocephalic
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:06:13,750 --> 00:06:17,790
259
+ trunk ู…ู† ุงุณู…ู‡ brachiocephalic ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ู„ upper limb ูˆ
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:06:17,790 --> 00:06:22,370
263
+ ู„ู„ brain ุงู„ brachiocephalic trunk ุงู„ right ู…ู†ู‚ุณู… ู„
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:06:22,370 --> 00:06:28,250
267
+ two arteries two main arteries ุฃูˆู„ุงู‹ right subclavian
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:06:28,250 --> 00:06:37,570
271
+ artery ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุดุชุบู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุงู„ุนู‚ู„ ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุงุชู†ูŠู†
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:37,570 --> 00:06:43,750
275
+ common carotid artery ูŠุจู‚ู‰ right common carotid artery
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:43,750 --> 00:06:47,350
279
+ ูŠุชุฎู„ุต
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:47,350 --> 00:06:54,620
283
+ ู…ู† the brachiocephalic trunk ู…ุงุญุฏ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูŠู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:54,620 --> 00:06:59,400
287
+ right brachiocephalic trunk ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู‡ูˆ one only
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:06:59,400 --> 00:07:01,960
291
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ brachiocephalic
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:07:01,960 --> 00:07:06,060
295
+ trunk ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ right common carotid artery
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:07:06,060 --> 00:07:12,160
299
+ emerges from brachiocephalic trunk brachiocephalic
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:07:12,160 --> 00:07:16,660
303
+ trunk divide into two arteries right subclavian
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:07:16,660 --> 00:07:19,620
307
+ artery and right common carotid artery
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:07:27,320 --> 00:07:32,180
311
+ immediately direct from the arch of the aorta ูŠุนู†ูŠ
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:07:32,180 --> 00:07:35,000
315
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ left ุงู„ arch of the aorta ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ left ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:07:35,000 --> 00:07:40,520
319
+ immediately ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู†ู‡ left subclavian artery and
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:40,520 --> 00:07:44,280
323
+ left common carotid artery ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ุนุฑูู†ุง ุฅูŠุด
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:44,280 --> 00:07:47,600
327
+ ุงู„ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ุจูŠู† ุงู„ right ูˆ left common carotid artery
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:07:47,600 --> 00:07:52,360
331
+ left common carotid artery emerges immediately from
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:07:52,360 --> 00:07:56,780
335
+ the arch of the aorta but the right common carotid
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:07:56,780 --> 00:08:01,220
339
+ artery emerges or arises directly from
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:08:01,220 --> 00:08:04,340
343
+ brachiocephalic trunk ูˆ brachiocephalic trunk ู…ู†
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:08:04,340 --> 00:08:09,480
347
+ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ arch of the aorta ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ุนุฑูู†ุง ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:08:09,480 --> 00:08:11,740
351
+ ุฃุชู‰ ุงู„ common carotid artery ู…ุงูŠู‡ู…ู†ุงุด ุงุญู†ุง ุงู„
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:08:11,740 --> 00:08:14,560
355
+ common carotid artery ูŠู‡ู…ู†ุง ุงู„ internal carotid
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:08:14,560 --> 00:08:19,580
359
+ artery ุทูŠุจ common carotid artery ุจูŠู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ two
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:08:19,580 --> 00:08:25,640
363
+ branches ู„ internal carotid artery ูˆ external
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:08:25,640 --> 00:08:28,860
367
+ carotid arteryุŒ ุฃู†ุง ุงู„ external carotid artery ู…ุง
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:08:28,860 --> 00:08:32,920
371
+ ุจูŠู‡ู…ู†ูŠ ุงู„ูŠูˆู…ุŒ ุจุบุฐู‘ูŠ ุงู„ face ูˆ ุงู„ thyroidุŒ ู…ุง ุฅู„ูŠ
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:08:32,920 --> 00:08:35,970
375
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ุขู†ุŸ ุฃู†ุง ุจุงู‡ูŠู… ู…ู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุงู„
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:08:35,970 --> 00:08:38,870
379
+ internal carotid artery ุทุจ ูˆูŠู† ุจูŠุชู… ุงู„
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:08:38,870 --> 00:08:45,110
383
+ bifurcationุŸ ุฃูˆ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ...
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:08:45,110 --> 00:08:45,830
387
+ ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:08:45,830 --> 00:08:45,870
391
+ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ...
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:08:45,870 --> 00:08:45,990
395
+ ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:08:45,990 --> 00:08:46,450
399
+ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ...
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:08:46,450 --> 00:08:46,690
403
+ ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:08:46,690 --> 00:08:48,110
407
+ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ...
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:08:48,110 --> 00:08:48,130
411
+ ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:08:48,130 --> 00:08:52,030
415
+ ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ...
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:08:52,030 --> 00:08:58,900
419
+ ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... upper border of thyroid cartilage ูŠุนู†ูŠ
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:08:58,900 --> 00:09:05,260
423
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃูŠ level ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ vertebra ุนู„ู‰ level C3 C4
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:09:05,260 --> 00:09:09,440
427
+ vertebra ูŠุจู‚ู‰ common carotid artery ุจุชุชู… by
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:09:09,440 --> 00:09:13,220
431
+ bifurcation dividing ุงู„ common carotid artery
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:09:13,220 --> 00:09:19,260
435
+ divide ู„ู…ูŠู† ู„ two arteries internal carotid artery
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:09:19,260 --> 00:09:24,300
439
+ ูˆ external carotid artery ุฃู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠู‡ู…ู†ุงู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:09:24,300 --> 00:09:27,820
443
+ internal
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:09:27,820 --> 00:09:32,400
447
+ carotid artery ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:09:32,400 --> 00:09:39,900
451
+ ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุซุงู†ูŠ ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู†ู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ arch ุฃูˆ aorta
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:09:39,900 --> 00:09:46,000
455
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right brachiocephalic trunk ุชู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ right
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:09:46,000 --> 00:09:50,520
459
+ subclavian artery ูˆ right common carotid artery
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:09:50,520 --> 00:09:55,000
463
+ ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ left ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ arch aorta direct ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู†ู‡
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:09:55,000 --> 00:09:59,740
467
+ left subclavian artery ูˆ left common carotid
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:09:59,740 --> 00:10:12,540
471
+ artery ุทูŠุจ
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:10:12,540 --> 00:10:17,830
475
+ ู„ูˆ ุณุคุงู„ู†ุง ุณุคุงู„ ุฌุงุจู†ุง ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุฒูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ ูˆ ู‚ุงู„ู†ุง what's the
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:10:17,830 --> 00:10:21,950
479
+ difference between external carotid artery and
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:10:21,950 --> 00:10:25,370
483
+ internal carotid artery ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ common carotid
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:10:25,370 --> 00:10:28,970
487
+ artery ุนู† ุงู„ right ุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ subclavian artery ..
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:10:28,970 --> 00:10:31,730
491
+ ุขุณู ุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ brachiocephalic trunk ุงู„
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:10:31,730 --> 00:10:35,310
495
+ brachiocephalic trunk ุงู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ right common carotid
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:10:35,310 --> 00:10:39,970
499
+ artery ูˆ right subclavian artery ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:10:39,970 --> 00:10:43,030
503
+ brachiocephalic trunk ุทุจ what's the difference
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:10:43,030 --> 00:10:46,290
507
+ between right and leftุŸ what's the difference
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:10:46,290 --> 00:10:49,930
511
+ between internal and external carotid arteryุŸ ุฃู†ุง
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:10:49,930 --> 00:10:57,610
515
+ ุจุทู„ุน ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ูŠูƒ ูˆ ุจุฏู‡ ุฃุนุฑู ู‡ุงูŠ one ูˆ ู‡ุงูŠ second
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:10:57,610 --> 00:11:01,710
519
+ branch ู„ู„ common carotid main ุงู„ internal ูˆ main
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:11:01,710 --> 00:11:09,230
523
+ ุงู„ external internal carotid artery gives no branch
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:11:09,230 --> 00:11:13,390
527
+ at the neck ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ internal carotid artery
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:11:13,390 --> 00:11:18,370
531
+ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุงุด ูˆู„ุง ุดุฑูŠุงู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑู‚ุจุฉุŒ ู…ุง ุจูŠุนุทูŠุด ูˆู„ุง branch
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:11:19,150 --> 00:11:24,650
535
+ ุทูŠุจ ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ external carotid artery it gives
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:11:24,650 --> 00:11:29,030
539
+ branches at the neck ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฅุฎุชู„ุงู ุฅู† ุงู„ external
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:11:29,030 --> 00:11:33,790
543
+ carotid artery ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุฃูุฑุน ู„ู‡ ู„ู„ุฑู‚ุจ ูˆ ู„ู„ face ูˆ
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:11:33,790 --> 00:11:38,830
547
+ ู„ู„ูˆุฌู‡ ุชู…ุงู… ูˆ ุงู„ููƒูŠู† ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ internal carotid artery
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:11:38,830 --> 00:11:45,490
551
+ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ to supply the brain and eyes ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุจูŠุนุทูŠุด ูˆู„ุง
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:11:45,490 --> 00:11:47,790
555
+ ูุฑุน ู„ู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑู‚ุจุฉ
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:11:52,180 --> 00:11:58,280
559
+ ู†ูˆุตู„ ู„ internal carotid artery ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู†
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:11:58,280 --> 00:12:02,820
563
+ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุชู†ุง ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ internal
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:12:02,820 --> 00:12:10,540
567
+ carotid artery arises in the neck of terminal
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:12:10,540 --> 00:12:16,700
571
+ branch of common carotid artery at bifurcation
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:12:16,700 --> 00:12:19,840
575
+ ูˆุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุงู„ bifurcation ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงูŠุด bifurcation ู…ู‚ุตูˆุฏ
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:12:19,840 --> 00:12:24,260
579
+ ููŠู‡ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู†ู‚ุณุงู… ุงู„ common carotid artery ุฅู„ู‰
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:12:24,260 --> 00:12:28,900
583
+ external and internal ุนู„ู‰ ุฃูŠ level ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ level
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:12:28,900 --> 00:12:34,960
587
+ cervical 3 and cervical 4 vertebra ุฃูˆ ุนู„ู‰ level
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:12:34,960 --> 00:12:40,640
591
+ upper thyroid gland cartilage okay what's the
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:12:40,640 --> 00:12:45,940
595
+ function of internal carotid arteryุŸ internal
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:12:45,940 --> 00:12:51,780
599
+ carotid artery supplies structures of orbit ูŠุนู†ูŠ
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:12:51,780 --> 00:12:57,360
603
+ ุงู„ eye ูˆ ุงู„ orbit and large part of the brain
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:12:57,360 --> 00:13:03,960
607
+ internal carotid artery supply 80% of the brain
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:13:03,960 --> 00:13:09,860
611
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ 80% ู…ู† ุงู„ brain blood supply ุจุชุชู… ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:13:09,860 --> 00:13:16,780
615
+ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ internal carotid artery ูˆุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุงู†ู‡ it
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:13:16,780 --> 00:13:22,980
619
+ gives no branches at the neck ุฃูˆ in the neck ูŠุนู†ูŠ
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:13:22,980 --> 00:13:27,440
623
+ ุงู„ internal carotid artery ู…ุง ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุงุด ูˆู„ุง branch
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:13:27,440 --> 00:13:32,280
627
+ ุนู„ู‰ ูˆูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑู‚ุจุฉ okay ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ internal carotid
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:13:32,280 --> 00:13:39,600
631
+ artery ู‡ูˆ supply ุงู„ orbit ูˆ ุงู„ brain each
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:13:39,600 --> 00:13:44,880
635
+ internal carotid artery enters the skull through
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:13:44,880 --> 00:13:49,800
639
+ the carotid canal ุฃูˆ carotid foramen ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠููˆุช ู„ ุงู„
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:13:49,800 --> 00:13:56,340
643
+ cranial cavity ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ู‚ู†ุงุฉ ุฃูˆ ูุชุญุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง carotid
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:13:56,340 --> 00:14:04,620
647
+ foramen ุฃูˆ carotid canal okay and it gives intra
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:14:04,620 --> 00:14:09,380
651
+ cranial branches ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ intra cranial
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:14:09,380 --> 00:14:15,680
655
+ branches ู„ูˆ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ course of the internal
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:14:15,680 --> 00:14:19,020
659
+ carotid artery ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุงู†ู‡ ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ internal
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:14:19,020 --> 00:14:22,420
663
+ carotid artery ู…ู† ู…ูƒุงู† ุงู„ bifurcation of common
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:14:22,420 --> 00:14:28,620
667
+ carotid artery ุนู„ู‰ level C3-C4 vertebra ุงู„ internal
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:14:28,620 --> 00:14:34,200
671
+ carotid artery ุจูŠู…ุฑ ุจูˆุงุญุฏ cervical part ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:14:34,200 --> 00:14:39,560
675
+ ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุฃูˆู„ ุฌุฒุก ุงุณู…ู‡ cervical part ุจูŠูƒูˆู† below the
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:14:39,560 --> 00:14:42,680
679
+ carotid foramen ูˆูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฒุกุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ neck
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:14:42,680 --> 00:14:52,940
683
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ neck ุงุซู†ูŠู† intra petras part ุงู†ุชู…
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:14:52,940 --> 00:14:59,100
687
+ ุนุงุฑููŠู† carotid foramen ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ petras bone ุชู…ุงู… of
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:14:59,100 --> 00:15:02,440
691
+ temporal bone ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ temporal bone ููŠ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู†ู‡ุง
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:15:02,440 --> 00:15:06,600
695
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ petras bone ูˆููŠู‡ุง canal ุฃูˆ foramen ุงุณู…ู‡ carotid
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:15:06,600 --> 00:15:12,060
699
+ foramen ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ู…ุฑูˆุฑ ุงู„ internal carotid artery
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:15:12,900 --> 00:15:15,840
703
+ ููŠ ุงู„ carotid foramen ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:15:15,840 --> 00:15:22,750
707
+ foramen ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ intra petras part ุซู„ุงุซุฉ intra
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:15:22,750 --> 00:15:26,850
711
+ cavernous part ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฑุงุญ
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:15:26,850 --> 00:15:30,630
715
+ ู†ุงุฎุฏ dural venous sinuses ูˆู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ู… cavernous
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:15:30,630 --> 00:15:36,470
719
+ sinus ุงู„ internal carotid artery ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ media
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:15:36,470 --> 00:15:41,650
723
+ wall of the cavernous sinus cavernous sinus ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:15:41,650 --> 00:15:46,350
727
+ ุนู† dural venous sinus ูˆ ุงู„ internal carotid
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:15:46,350 --> 00:15:49,030
731
+ artery ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู…ุฑ ููŠู‡ ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:15:49,030 --> 00:15:54,210
735
+ cavernous sinus ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ intra cavernous part ูˆ ุขุฎุฑ
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:15:54,210 --> 00:16:00,270
739
+ ุฌุฒุก ุงุณู…ู‡ intracranial part above the cavernous
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:16:00,270 --> 00:16:06,210
743
+ sinus ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุฌุน ุจูŠุณู…ูˆ ุงู„ intra cavernous part
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:16:06,210 --> 00:16:12,580
747
+ ูˆ ุงู„ intracranial part ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุงุณู… ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุชุญุช ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:16:12,580 --> 00:16:18,640
751
+ ู‡ุฐุง petras part ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ intra-petras
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:16:18,640 --> 00:16:22,280
755
+ part ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ cavernous sinus ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:16:22
759
+
760
+ 201
761
+ 00:17:32,730 --> 00:17:38,610
762
+ ูˆ the two terminal branches ูˆ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ุงุชู†ูŠู† Anterior
763
+
764
+ 202
765
+ 00:17:38,610 --> 00:17:42,770
766
+ Cerebral Artery and Middle Cerebral Artery ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ
767
+
768
+ 203
769
+ 00:17:42,770 --> 00:17:48,890
770
+ ุณุฃู„ู†ุง ุณุคุงู„ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ largest branch of the internal
771
+
772
+ 204
773
+ 00:17:48,890 --> 00:17:53,680
774
+ carotid artery ุฑุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† middle cerebral arteryูŠู‚ูˆู„
775
+
776
+ 205
777
+ 00:17:53,680 --> 00:17:56,220
778
+ ุงู„ู€ middle cerebral artery, it is the largest
779
+
780
+ 206
781
+ 00:17:56,220 --> 00:18:01,260
782
+ branch of the internal carotid artery ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุฌูŠ
783
+
784
+ 207
785
+ 00:18:01,260 --> 00:18:07,000
786
+ ุณุคุงู„ ุชุงู†ูŠ ู…ูŠู† ููŠู‡ู… medial branch ูˆู…ูŠู† ููŠู‡ู… lateral
787
+
788
+ 208
789
+ 00:18:07,000 --> 00:18:15,060
790
+ branch ุงู„ anterior cerebral artery ูŠุนุชุจุฑ a medial
791
+
792
+ 209
793
+ 00:18:15,060 --> 00:18:17,240
794
+ branch
795
+
796
+ 210
797
+ 00:18:18,530 --> 00:18:22,370
798
+ ุงู„ู€ anterior cerebral artery medial branch ูˆุงู„ู€ Middle Cerebral artery
799
+
800
+ 211
801
+ 00:18:22,370 --> 00:18:28,610
802
+ Lateral Branch ุชู…ุงู… ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุฌูŠ ุณุคุงู„ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ large
803
+
804
+ 212
805
+ 00:18:28,610 --> 00:18:32,590
806
+ medial branch of the internal carotid artery ุน ุงู„ุณู„ูŠู„ู‡
807
+
808
+ 213
809
+ 00:18:32,590 --> 00:18:36,270
810
+ ุจุบุฒ ุน ูˆูŠู†ุŸ anterior cerebral artery ุทุจ ุงุฌูŠ ุณุคุงู„
811
+
812
+ 214
813
+ 00:18:36,270 --> 00:18:39,730
814
+ ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ large ู…ุงู‚ูˆู„ู†ุงุด largest large
815
+
816
+ 215
817
+ 00:18:39,730 --> 00:18:43,590
818
+ lateral branch of the internal carotid artery ุจุบุฒ ุน
819
+
820
+ 216
821
+ 00:18:43,590 --> 00:18:46,650
822
+ ุงู„ุณู„ูŠู„ู‡ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ุงู„ middle cerebral artery ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุงุฌูŠ
823
+
824
+ 217
825
+ 00:18:46,650 --> 00:18:51,980
826
+ ุณุคุงู„ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ largestุŸ ุงูƒุจุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏููŠ branches of
827
+
828
+ 218
829
+ 00:18:51,980 --> 00:18:55,460
830
+ the internal carotid artery ุงูƒูŠุฏ ุฑุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† middle
831
+
832
+ 219
833
+ 00:18:55,460 --> 00:18:59,740
834
+ cerebral artery ูˆ ุงูƒุชุฑ ุดุฑูŠุงู† ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ ุงู„ brain ู‡ูˆ
835
+
836
+ 220
837
+ 00:18:59,740 --> 00:19:09,080
838
+ middle cerebral artery middle cerebral artery ู‡ู†ุง
839
+
840
+ 221
841
+ 00:19:09,080 --> 00:19:16,800
842
+ ุงู† the internal carotid artery ุงุนุทุงู†ุง
843
+
844
+ 222
845
+ 00:19:16,800 --> 00:19:17,520
846
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
847
+
848
+ 223
849
+ 00:19:20,360 --> 00:19:23,780
850
+ ุฃู†ุง ูˆุงุถุญ ุนู†ุฏูŠ Posterior Communicating ูˆูˆุงุถุญ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
851
+
852
+ 224
853
+ 00:19:23,780 --> 00:19:29,840
854
+ middle cerebral artery ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ู„ุงุชุฑุงู„ ูˆูˆุงุถุญ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงูŠู‡
855
+
856
+ 225
857
+ 00:19:29,840 --> 00:19:34,940
858
+ anterior cerebral artery medial ูููŠ ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฑุงุญ
859
+
860
+ 226
861
+ 00:19:34,940 --> 00:19:44,760
862
+ ู†ุดูˆูู‡ู… ุฃูุถู„ ูˆู†ุฑุณู… ูƒู„ ุดุฑูŠุงู† ู„ูˆุงุญุฏู‡ ู†ุจุฏุฃ
863
+
864
+ 227
865
+ 00:19:44,760 --> 00:19:52,380
866
+ ุจู€ Ophthalmic branch ุฃูˆ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ
867
+
868
+ 228
869
+ 00:19:52,380 --> 00:19:52,820
870
+ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ
871
+
872
+ 229
873
+ 00:19:52,820 --> 00:19:57,560
874
+ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ
875
+
876
+ 230
877
+ 00:19:57,560 --> 00:19:59,700
878
+ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ
879
+
880
+ 231
881
+ 00:19:59,700 --> 00:19:59,840
882
+ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ
883
+
884
+ 232
885
+ 00:19:59,840 --> 00:20:04,860
886
+ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ
887
+
888
+ 233
889
+ 00:20:04,860 --> 00:20:14,840
890
+ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…
891
+
892
+ 234
893
+ 00:20:15,030 --> 00:20:20,090
894
+ ุจูŠุบุฏู‘ูŠ ุงู„ orbit contents and it gives the central retinal
895
+
896
+ 235
897
+ 00:20:20,090 --> 00:20:23,710
898
+ artery ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ central retinal artery ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ููŠู‡
899
+
900
+ 236
901
+ 00:20:23,710 --> 00:20:27,390
902
+ occlusion ุฃูˆ ุงู†ุณุฏุงุฏ ุงุซู†ุงุก ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุคุฏูŠ
903
+
904
+ 237
905
+ 00:20:27,390 --> 00:20:31,830
906
+ ุฅู„ู‰ ipsilateral blindness ูˆุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูŠูู‚ุฏ ุงู„ู†ุธุฑ ุนู„ู‰
907
+
908
+ 238
909
+ 00:20:31,830 --> 00:20:41,230
910
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุฃู† ุงู„ internal carotid artery ุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู†ู‡
911
+
912
+ 239
913
+ 00:20:41,230 --> 00:20:47,500
914
+ branch ุงุณู…ู‡ Ophthalmic artery which supplies the
915
+
916
+ 240
917
+ 00:20:47,500 --> 00:20:56,560
918
+ orbit content and it gives the Central Retinal Artery
919
+
920
+ 241
921
+ 00:20:56,560 --> 00:21:01,420
922
+ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ Central Retinal Artery ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุฃูˆู„ ูุฑุน ู„ู€
923
+
924
+ 242
925
+ 00:21:01,420 --> 00:21:05,120
926
+ Internal Carotid Artery ุงุณู…ู‡ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ Ophthalmic
927
+
928
+ 243
929
+ 00:21:05,120 --> 00:21:08,140
930
+ Artery Ophthalmic Artery ูŠุจู‚ู‰ Ophthalmic Artery
931
+
932
+ 244
933
+ 00:21:08,140 --> 00:21:13,500
934
+ supplies the orbit content and it gives the Central
935
+
936
+ 245
937
+ 00:21:13,500 --> 00:21:16,900
938
+ Retinal Artery ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุดุฑูŠุงู† ุงู„ุดุจูƒูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ
939
+
940
+ 246
941
+ 00:21:19,880 --> 00:21:24,420
942
+ ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ุฃูˆู„ ูุฑุน ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃูุฑุน ุชุจุนุงุช ุงู„ุดุฑูŠุงู† ุงู„ุณุจุงุชูŠ
943
+
944
+ 247
945
+ 00:21:24,420 --> 00:21:28,780
946
+ ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Internal Carotid Artery ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ุฅู„ู‰
947
+
948
+ 248
949
+ 00:21:28,780 --> 00:21:36,460
950
+ ุงู„ุดุฑูŠุงู† ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ Posterior Communicating Artery ู…ูŠู†
951
+
952
+ 249
953
+ 00:21:36,460 --> 00:21:41,320
954
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ุŸ Posterior ู…ุชุฌู‡ ุฅู„ู‰ Posterior Cerebral Artery
955
+
956
+ 250
957
+ 00:21:41,320 --> 00:21:43,640
958
+ ู„ุณู‡ ู…ุงุงุฎุฏู†ุงู‡ูˆุด ุฑุงุญ ู†ุงุฎุฏู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู†
959
+
960
+ 251
961
+ 00:21:43,640 --> 00:21:46,520
962
+ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุจุฑุงู†ุด ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Vertebral
963
+
964
+ 252
965
+ 00:21:46,520 --> 00:21:51,540
966
+ Basilar ArteryุจุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู…ุชุฌู‡ ุฅู„ู‰ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ุจุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ
967
+
968
+ 253
969
+ 00:21:51,540 --> 00:21:56,760
970
+ ุณุฑูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุขุฑุชูŠ communicating ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ูˆุตู„
971
+
972
+ 254
973
+ 00:21:56,760 --> 00:22:01,460
974
+ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ internal carotid artery and the posterior
975
+
976
+ 255
977
+ 00:22:01,460 --> 00:22:04,480
978
+ cerebral artery ูˆุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุงู†
979
+
980
+ 256
981
+ 00:22:04,480 --> 00:22:08,700
982
+ ุงู„ุจุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ุณุฑูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุขุฑุชูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ branch ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู†
983
+
984
+ 257
985
+ 00:22:08,700 --> 00:22:12,960
986
+ ุงู„ vertebro basilar artery ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุฏูŠ the main
987
+
988
+ 258
989
+ 00:22:12,960 --> 00:22:21,010
990
+ function of the Posterior Communicating Artery is
991
+
992
+ 259
993
+ 00:22:21,010 --> 00:22:27,810
994
+ connection between the internal carotid artery
995
+
996
+ 260
997
+ 00:22:27,810 --> 00:22:32,230
998
+ with the posterior
999
+
1000
+ 261
1001
+ 00:22:32,230 --> 00:22:36,170
1002
+ cerebral artery ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ู‚ู„ู†ุง Right Posterior
1003
+
1004
+ 262
1005
+ 00:22:36,170 --> 00:22:41,210
1006
+ Communicating Artery ุจุฑุจุท ุจูŠู† Right Internal
1007
+
1008
+ 263
1009
+ 00:22:41,210 --> 00:22:49,550
1010
+ Carotid Artery ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน Right Posterior Cerebral
1011
+
1012
+ 264
1013
+ 00:22:49,550 --> 00:22:59,030
1014
+ Artery Right Posterior
1015
+
1016
+ 265
1017
+ 00:22:59,030 --> 00:23:03,670
1018
+ Cerebral Artery ูˆู‡ูŠ Right Internal Carotid Artery
1019
+
1020
+ 266
1021
+ 00:23:03,670 --> 00:23:08,170
1022
+ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดุฑูŠุงู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุจุทู‡ ู…ุน ุจุนุถุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุงุณู…ู‡ุŸ
1023
+
1024
+ 267
1025
+ 00:23:12,170 --> 00:23:24,090
1026
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ posterior communicating
1027
+
1028
+ 268
1029
+ 00:23:24,090 --> 00:23:27,630
1030
+ artery
1031
+
1032
+ 269
1033
+ 00:23:28,080 --> 00:23:32,380
1034
+ ุจุนู…ู„ connections ู…ุง ุจูŠู† right internal carotid
1035
+
1036
+ 270
1037
+ 00:23:32,380 --> 00:23:45,620
1038
+ artery ู…ุน right posterior
1039
+
1040
+ 271
1041
+ 00:23:45,620 --> 00:23:51,290
1042
+ cerebral artery ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจู„ุบุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ make connections
1043
+
1044
+ 272
1045
+ 00:23:51,290 --> 00:23:56,030
1046
+ between the carotid system with the vertebral basilar
1047
+
1048
+ 273
1049
+ 00:23:56,030 --> 00:23:58,890
1050
+ system ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ connection ุจูŠู† ุงู„ internal
1051
+
1052
+ 274
1053
+ 00:23:58,890 --> 00:24:03,170
1054
+ carotid system ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน the vertebral basilar system
1055
+
1056
+ 275
1057
+ 00:24:03,170 --> 00:24:10,050
1058
+ to establish ุนุดุงู† ูŠูƒูˆู†ู„ู†ุง ุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡ circle of
1059
+
1060
+ 276
1061
+ 00:24:10,050 --> 00:24:13,810
1062
+ Willis circle of Willis ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„
1063
+
1064
+ 277
1065
+ 00:24:13,810 --> 00:24:18,200
1066
+ circle of Willis ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงูŠู‡ุŸPosterior
1067
+
1068
+ 278
1069
+ 00:24:18,200 --> 00:24:21,560
1070
+ communicating artery ู…ุน ุดุฑุงูŠูŠู† ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชุทุฑู‚ู„ู‡ู…
1071
+
1072
+ 279
1073
+ 00:24:21,560 --> 00:24:27,180
1074
+ ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ Also, it supplies ุบูŠุฑ ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ main
1075
+
1076
+ 280
1077
+ 00:24:27,180 --> 00:24:30,460
1078
+ function ู„ูˆ ุณุฃู„ูƒูˆุง ุณุคุงู„ what's the main function
1079
+
1080
+ 281
1081
+ 00:24:30,460 --> 00:24:34,980
1082
+ of the posterior communicating artery the main
1083
+
1084
+ 282
1085
+ 00:24:34,980 --> 00:24:38,800
1086
+ function of the posterior communicating artery is
1087
+
1088
+ 283
1089
+ 00:24:39,800 --> 00:24:45,140
1090
+ connection between the internal carotid artery
1091
+
1092
+ 284
1093
+ 00:24:45,140 --> 00:24:49,980
1094
+ with the posterior cerebral artery to establish ุนุดุงู†
1095
+
1096
+ 285
1097
+ 00:24:49,980 --> 00:24:56,100
1098
+ ูŠูƒูˆู†ู†ุง circle of Willis ู‡ู„ ููŠ ูˆุธุงุฆู ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ู†ุนู… also, it
1099
+
1100
+ 286
1101
+ 00:24:56,100 --> 00:25:02,360
1102
+ supplies the optic tract, the Lateral Geniculate Body and the Medial
1103
+
1104
+ 287
1105
+ 00:25:02,360 --> 00:25:05,380
1106
+ Geniculate Body of the Thalamus ุฃุฎุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ Thalamus ุชุงุจุน ู„ู„ู€
1107
+
1108
+ 288
1109
+ 00:25:05,380 --> 00:25:08,520
1110
+ Diencephalon ูˆ ุฃุฎุฏู†ุง ุงู„ Lateral Geniculate Body
1111
+
1112
+ 289
1113
+ 00:25:08,520 --> 00:25:11,280
1114
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ Vision ุชุงุจุน ู„ู„ู€ Metathalamus ู…ู†
1115
+
1116
+ 290
1117
+ 00:25:11,280 --> 00:25:14,820
1118
+ ุงู„ู€ Diencephalon ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Optic Tract ู‡ูˆ ุชุงุจุน ู„ู„ู€
1119
+
1120
+ 291
1121
+ 00:25:14,820 --> 00:25:17,720
1122
+ Vision ู„ู…ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ cranial nerves ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡
1123
+
1124
+ 292
1125
+ 00:25:17,720 --> 00:25:21,700
1126
+ ุฑุงุญ ุฃุดุฑุญู‡ู… ุงู„ุดุฑูŠุงู† ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ
1127
+
1128
+ 293
1129
+ 00:25:27,100 --> 00:25:36,020
1130
+ Anterior Choroidal Artery ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ
1131
+
1132
+ 294
1133
+ 00:25:36,020 --> 00:25:41,060
1134
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Internal Carotid Artery ูˆูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃูˆู„ branch ู‚ู„ู†ุง
1135
+
1136
+ 295
1137
+ 00:25:41,060 --> 00:25:43,740
1138
+ ophthalmic branch ุชุงู†ูŠ branch posterior
1139
+
1140
+ 296
1141
+ 00:25:43,740 --> 00:25:48,000
1142
+ communicating branch ุซุงู„ุซ branch anterior choroidal
1143
+
1144
+ 297
1145
+ 00:25:48,000 --> 00:25:53,560
1146
+ artery ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌุŸ just before the origin of the
1147
+
1148
+ 298
1149
+ 00:25:53,560 --> 00:25:57,540
1150
+ anterior and middle cerebral arteries ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ูŠุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„
1151
+
1152
+ 299
1153
+ 00:25:57,540 --> 00:26:01,680
1154
+ anterior ูˆ ุงู„ middle cerebral arteries ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุฅูŠู‡
1155
+
1156
+ 300
1157
+ 00:26:01,680 --> 00:26:06,540
1158
+ ุดุฑูŠุงู† ุงุณู…ู‡ anterior choroidal artery ู„ูˆ ุณุฃู„ุชูƒ ุณุคุงู„
1159
+
1160
+ 301
1161
+ 00:26:06,540 --> 00:26:13,650
1162
+ what's the main function ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฑู‚ู… ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ู„ู„ุฃุฑุถ
1163
+
1164
+ 302
1165
+ 00:26:13,650 --> 00:26:20,650
1166
+ ุงู„ูƒุฑูˆูŠุถูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุฃู†ู‡ุง
1167
+
1168
+ 303
1169
+ 00:26:20,650 --> 00:26:30,410
1170
+ ุชุฏูุน The choroidal plexus of the lateral and third
1171
+
1172
+ 304
1173
+ 00:26:30,410 --> 00:26:35,630
1174
+ ventricles ูŠู‚ู† main function supplies the choroidal
1175
+
1176
+ 305
1177
+ 00:26:35,630 --> 00:26:39,830
1178
+ plexus of the lateral and third ventricle Also, it
1179
+
1180
+ 306
1181
+ 00:26:39,830 --> 00:26:44,210
1182
+ supplies the optic tract, optic chiasm, lateral
1183
+
1184
+ 307
1185
+ 00:26:44,210 --> 00:26:48,090
1186
+ geniculate body and other structures ุฃู†ุง ุฃุฎุฏุช ุงู„
1187
+
1188
+ 308
1189
+ 00:26:48,090 --> 00:26:52,570
1190
+ main here ุงู„ main structures ูŠู‚ู†ู‡ูŠู„ุญุธูˆุง ุงู„ู€ optic
1191
+
1192
+ 309
1193
+ 00:26:52,570 --> 00:26:56,250
1194
+ tract ุฃุฎุฏ blood supply ู…ู† posterior
1195
+
1196
+ 310
1197
+ 00:26:56,250 --> 00:26:59,110
1198
+ communicating artery ูˆ ุฃุฎุฏ blood supply ู…ู† the
1199
+
1200
+ 311
1201
+ 00:26:59,110 --> 00:27:07,750
1202
+ anterior choroidal artery ู‡ุง
1203
+
1204
+ 312
1205
+ 00:27:07,750 --> 00:27:15,530
1206
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฃู†ุง the internal
1207
+
1208
+ 313
1209
+ 00:27:15,530 --> 00:27:33,250
1210
+ carotid artery ุจุงู„ู„ูˆู† ุฃุณูˆุฏู†ุงุฎุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ ุงูุฑุน ุงูุฑุน
1211
+
1212
+ 314
1213
+ 00:27:33,250 --> 00:27:38,010
1214
+ ุงูุฑุน ุงูุฑุน ุงูุฑุน ุงูุฑุน ุงูุฑุน ุงูุฑุน
1215
+
1216
+ 315
1217
+ 00:27:38,010 --> 00:27:46,630
1218
+ ุงูุฑุน
1219
+
1220
+ 316
1221
+ 00:27:46,630 --> 00:27:55,180
1222
+ ุงูุฑุน Anterior Choroidal Artery Anterior Choroidal Artery
1223
+
1224
+ 317
1225
+ 00:27:55,180 --> 00:27:59,100
1226
+ Anterior
1227
+
1228
+ 318
1229
+ 00:27:59,100 --> 00:27:59,400
1230
+ Choroidal Artery Anterior Choroidal Artery Anterior
1231
+
1232
+ 319
1233
+ 00:27:59,400 --> 00:27:59,480
1234
+ Choroidal Artery Anterior Choroidal Artery Anterior
1235
+
1236
+ 320
1237
+ 00:27:59,480 --> 00:27:59,540
1238
+ Choroidal Artery Anterior Choroidal Artery Anterior
1239
+
1240
+ 321
1241
+ 00:27:59,540 --> 00:27:59,840
1242
+ Choroidal Artery Anterior Choroidal Artery Anterior
1243
+
1244
+ 322
1245
+ 00:27:59,840 --> 00:28:00,480
1246
+ Choroidal Artery Anterior Choroidal Artery Anterior
1247
+
1248
+ 323
1249
+ 00:28:00,480 --> 00:28:03,520
1250
+ Choroidal Artery Anterior
1251
+
1252
+ 324
1253
+ 00:28:03,520 --> 00:28:11,220
1254
+ Choroidal Artery Anterior Choroidal Artery Anterior
1255
+
1256
+ 325
1257
+ 00:28:11,220 --> 00:28:17,240
1258
+ Choroidal Artery Anterior Choroidal large ูƒู…ุงู† ุฃูˆ
1259
+
1260
+ 326
1261
+ 00:28:17,240 --> 00:28:25,340
1262
+ largest branch ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ middle cerebral
1263
+
1264
+ 327
1265
+ 00:28:25,340 --> 00:28:25,820
1266
+ artery
1267
+
1268
+ 328
1269
+ 00:28:31,470 --> 00:28:38,910
1270
+ ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ anterior cerebral artery ุงู„ anterior
1271
+
1272
+ 329
1273
+ 00:28:38,910 --> 00:28:43,910
1274
+ cerebral artery ูŠุนุชุจุฑ medial branch ูˆ ุงู„ middle
1275
+
1276
+ 330
1277
+ 00:28:43,910 --> 00:28:46,990
1278
+ cerebral artery ูŠุนุชุจุฑ lateral branch
1279
+
1280
+ 331
1281
+ 00:28:58,340 --> 00:29:04,940
1282
+ Anterior Cerebral Artery Anterior Cerebral Artery Anterior
1283
+
1284
+ 332
1285
+ 00:29:04,940 --> 00:29:10,260
1286
+ Cerebral Artery Anterior
1287
+
1288
+ 333
1289
+ 00:29:10,260 --> 00:29:10,940
1290
+ Cerebral Artery Anterior Cerebral Artery Anterior
1291
+
1292
+ 334
1293
+ 00:29:10,940 --> 00:29:14,760
1294
+ Cerebral Artery Anterior Cerebral Artery Anterior
1295
+
1296
+ 335
1297
+ 00:29:14,760 --> 00:29:22,680
1298
+ Cerebral Artery Anterior Cerebral Artery Anterior
1299
+
1300
+ 336
1301
+ 00:29:22,680 --> 00:29:29,410
1302
+ Cerebral Artery Anterior Cerebral it becomes joined to
1303
+
1304
+ 337
1305
+ 00:29:29,410 --> 00:29:34,170
1306
+ the other anterior cerebral artery of the opposite
1307
+
1308
+ 338
1309
+ 00:29:34,170 --> 00:29:39,650
1310
+ side by the anterior communicating artery ูˆ ุงู„ right ูˆ
1311
+
1312
+ 339
1313
+ 00:29:39,650 --> 00:29:45,430
1314
+ ุงู„ left anterior cerebral artery ููŠ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ูˆุตู„ุฉ
1315
+
1316
+ 340
1317
+ 00:29:47,740 --> 00:29:53,140
1318
+ the left anterior cerebral artery ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ the right
1319
+
1320
+ 341
1321
+ 00:29:53,140 --> 00:29:57,900
1322
+ anterior cerebral artery ูˆู‡ูŠ the left anterior
1323
+
1324
+ 342
1325
+ 00:29:57,900 --> 00:30:04,380
1326
+ cerebral artery ูˆู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ
1327
+
1328
+ 343
1329
+ 00:30:04,380 --> 00:30:08,680
1330
+ the right anterior
1331
+
1332
+ 344
1333
+ 00:30:08,680 --> 00:30:13,300
1334
+ cerebral artery ููŠ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ูˆุตู„ุฉ ุงูˆ connection ู‡ู†ุง
1335
+
1336
+ 345
1337
+ 00:30:18,030 --> 00:30:24,750
1338
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง the anterior communicating artery ู„ูˆ ุณุฃู„ุชูƒูˆุง
1339
+
1340
+ 346
1341
+ 00:30:24,750 --> 00:30:30,470
1342
+ ุณุคุงู„ูƒู… the anterior communicating arteryุŸ one ุฑุญ ูŠูƒูˆู†
1343
+
1344
+ 347
1345
+ 00:30:30,470 --> 00:30:34,890
1346
+ ูƒุงู…ุŸ one ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู† ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ connection ุจูŠู† ุงู„
1347
+
1348
+ 348
1349
+ 00:30:34,890 --> 00:30:38,470
1350
+ right ูˆ ุงู„ left the right and the left anterior cerebral
1351
+
1352
+ 349
1353
+ 00:30:38,470 --> 00:30:41,050
1354
+ artery ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ anterior communicating artery
1355
+
1356
+ 350
1357
+ 00:30:41,050 --> 00:30:45,250
1358
+ ูŠุนู…ู„ connection between the right and the left anterior
1359
+
1360
+ 351
1361
+ 00:30:45,250 --> 00:30:49,970
1362
+ cerebral arteries ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ anterior cerebral artery
1363
+
1364
+ 352
1365
+ 00:30:49,970 --> 00:30:56,140
1366
+ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† medial ูˆู„ุง lateralุŸ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† medial the branch
1367
+
1368
+ 353
1369
+ 00:30:56,140 --> 00:31:02,800
1370
+ the branch the branch the branch the branch the branch the branch
1371
+
1372
+ 354
1373
+ 00:31:02,800 --> 00:31:07,180
1374
+ the branch the branch the branch the branch the branch the branch
1375
+
1376
+ 355
1377
+ 00:31:07,180 --> 00:31:09,660
1378
+ the branch the branch the branch the branch the branch the branch
1379
+
1380
+ 356
1381
+ 00:31:09,660 --> 00:31:13,460
1382
+ the branch the branch the branch the branch the branch the branch
1383
+
1384
+ 357
1385
+ 00:31:13,460 --> 00:31:17,100
1386
+ the branch the branch the branch the branch the branch the branch
1387
+
1388
+ 358
1389
+ 00:31:17,100 --> 00:31:20,000
1390
+ the branch the branch the branch the branch the branch the branch
1391
+
1392
+ 359
1393
+ 00:31:20,000 --> 00:31:23,920
1394
+ the branch the branch the branch the branch the branch the branch
1395
+
1396
+ 360
1397
+ 00:31:23,920 --> 00:31:24,160
1398
+ the branch the branch the branch the branch the branch the branch
1399
+
1400
+ 361
1401
+ 00:31:24,160 --> 00:31:28,960
1402
+ the branch ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ู€ Anterior Cerebral Artery supplies the medial
1403
+
1404
+ 362
1405
+ 00:31:28,960 --> 00:31:34,500
1406
+ surface of the cerebral hemisphere from the frontal pole ู…ู†
1407
+
1408
+ 363
1409
+ 00:31:34,500 --> 00:31:38,960
1410
+ ุงู„ู‚ุทุจ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู…ูŠ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ู€ parietal occipital sulcus
1411
+
1412
+ 364
1413
+ 00:31:38,960 --> 00:31:41,920
1414
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ occipital lobe ู…ุงู„ู‡ุงุด ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€
1415
+
1416
+ 365
1417
+ 00:31:41,920 --> 00:31:45,000
1418
+ anterior cerebral ุฑุงุญ ุชุบุฐูŠู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ posterior
1419
+
1420
+ 366
1421
+ 00:31:45,000 --> 00:31:48,100
1422
+ cerebral ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูˆ main function ูŠู‚ุฏู‘ูŠ medial
1423
+
1424
+ 367
1425
+ 00:31:48,100 --> 00:31:52,800
1426
+ surface of the cerebral hemisphere ุฃูŠ ุฌุฒุก ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู„ ู…ู†
1427
+
1428
+ 368
1429
+ 00:31:52,800 --> 00:31:57,500
1430
+ ุงู„ู‚ุทุจ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู…ูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ parietal occipital sulcus ู„ุญุฏ
1431
+
1432
+ 369
1433
+ 00:31:57,500 --> 00:32:00,480
1434
+ ุงู„ุจุฑุงูŠุชู„ุŒ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจุฑุงูŠุชู„ ุชุบุฐูŠู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ anterior
1435
+
1436
+ 370
1437
+ 00:32:00,480 --> 00:32:08,900
1438
+ cerebral artery ุบูŠุฑ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠุบุฏู‘ูŠ the medial one
1439
+
1440
+ 371
1441
+ 00:32:08,900 --> 00:32:13,540
1442
+ third of the orbital surface of the frontal lobe ูˆ
1443
+
1444
+ 372
1445
+ 00:32:13,540 --> 00:32:16,720
1446
+ ุจูŠุบุฏู‘ูŠ the medial one third of the orbital surface of
1447
+
1448
+ 373
1449
+ 00:32:16,720 --> 00:32:19,340
1450
+ the frontal lobe ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุงุญู†ุง ุณู…ูŠู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ branch ุงูŠู‡
1451
+
1452
+ 374
1453
+ 00:32:19,340 --> 00:32:24,840
1454
+ ุณู…ู†ุงู‡ุŸ medial branch ุบูŠุฑ ู‡ูŠูƒุจูŠุบุฏู‘ูŠ the superior lateral
1455
+
1456
+ 375
1457
+ 00:32:24,840 --> 00:32:28,700
1458
+ surface of the cerebral hemisphere ู…ุงุนุฏุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ู€
1459
+
1460
+ 376
1461
+ 00:32:28,700 --> 00:32:32,280
1462
+ occipital ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† posterior cerebral
1463
+
1464
+ 377
1465
+ 00:32:32,280 --> 00:32:37,340
1466
+ artery ุจูŠุบุฏู‘ูŠ corpus callosum, head of caudate nucleus,
1467
+
1468
+ 378
1469
+ 00:32:37,340 --> 00:32:42,260
1470
+ anterior limb of the internal capsule ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ู‡ุงู† ูŠุง
1471
+
1472
+ 379
1473
+ 00:32:42,260 --> 00:32:49,160
1474
+ ุฌู…ุงุนุฉ ุงูŠุด ู‚ู„ู†ุงู‡ุงุŸ ุจูŠุบุฏู‘ูŠ the superior lateral surface of
1475
+
1476
+ 380
1477
+ 00:32:49,160 --> 00:32:53,980
1478
+ the cerebral hemisphere ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุฌู„ูˆุจ
1479
+
1480
+ 381
1481
+ 00:32:53,980 --> 00:33:10,240
1482
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
1483
+
1484
+ 382
1485
+ 00:33:10,240 --> 00:33:15,140
1486
+ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ู…ุฌู„ูˆุจ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ the head ุชุญุชูˆูŠ ุงู„ upper
1487
+
1488
+ 383
1489
+ 00:33:15,140 --> 00:33:18,520
1490
+ limbs ููˆู‚ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ upper limbs ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
1491
+
1492
+ 384
1493
+ 00:33:18,520 --> 00:33:22,180
1494
+ ููŠ ุงู„ superior lateral surface ุจุชูƒูˆู† ููŠ ู‚ุดุฑุฉ
1495
+
1496
+ 385
1497
+ 00:33:22,180 --> 00:33:26,440
1498
+ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ู…ูŠู† ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ blood supply to the area of
1499
+
1500
+ 386
1501
+ 00:33:26,440 --> 00:33:30,700
1502
+ the lower limbs ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ anterior cerebral artery ููŠ
1503
+
1504
+ 387
1505
+ 00:33:30,700 --> 00:33:35,920
1506
+ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ anterior cerebral artery supplies the
1507
+
1508
+ 388
1509
+ 00:33:35,920 --> 00:33:40,400
1510
+ motor and sensory areas of the lower limbs ู„ูˆ ุญุตู„
1511
+
1512
+ 389
1513
+ 00:33:40,400 --> 00:33:45,030
1514
+ ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ anterior cerebral artery ุฑุงุญ
1515
+
1516
+ 390
1517
+ 00:33:45,030 --> 00:33:
1518
+
1519
+ 401
1520
+ 00:34:24,180 --> 00:34:27,620
1521
+ ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ upper limbs ูˆ ุงู„ู€ face ูˆ ุงู„ู€ head
1522
+
1523
+ 402
1524
+ 00:34:27,620 --> 00:34:31,300
1525
+ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ middle cerebral artery
1526
+
1527
+ 403
1528
+ 00:34:40,750 --> 00:34:48,210
1529
+ ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู†ูˆุถุญ ููŠู‡ุง anterior cerebral artery
1530
+
1531
+ 404
1532
+ 00:34:48,210 --> 00:34:55,630
1533
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ anterior cerebral artery
1534
+
1535
+ 405
1536
+ 00:34:55,630 --> 00:34:58,810
1537
+ ุงู„ู€ artery ุจูŠูƒูˆู† medial ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุงู„ู€ medial surface of
1538
+
1539
+ 406
1540
+ 00:34:58,810 --> 00:35:05,080
1541
+ cerebral hemisphere ู„ุญุฏ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ุงู„ุจุฑุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ occipital
1542
+
1543
+ 407
1544
+ 00:35:05,080 --> 00:35:08,740
1545
+ sulcus ุงู„ุจุฑุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ occipital sulcus ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฎู„ููŠ
1546
+
1547
+ 408
1548
+ 00:35:08,740 --> 00:35:12,380
1549
+ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ occipital area ุจุชุฃุฎุฐ blood supply ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
1550
+
1551
+ 409
1552
+ 00:35:12,380 --> 00:35:16,480
1553
+ ู…ู† posterior cerebral artery ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† posterior
1554
+
1555
+ 410
1556
+ 00:35:16,480 --> 00:35:22,160
1557
+ cerebral artery ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฃุฎุฐ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุบุฐูŠ ุงู„
1558
+
1559
+ 411
1560
+ 00:35:22,160 --> 00:35:27,340
1561
+ medial ู‡ุฐุง ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† anterior cerebral artery
1562
+
1563
+ 412
1564
+ 00:35:42,080 --> 00:35:49,460
1565
+ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ุง ู‡ุงูŠ left anterior
1566
+
1567
+ 413
1568
+ 00:35:49,460 --> 00:35:54,300
1569
+ cerebral artery ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงูŠู‡ right anterior cerebral
1570
+
1571
+ 414
1572
+ 00:35:54,300 --> 00:35:58,140
1573
+ artery ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… connection ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ connection ู‡ุง ุฏูŠ
1574
+
1575
+ 415
1576
+ 00:35:58,140 --> 00:36:02,760
1577
+ anterior communicating
1578
+
1579
+ 416
1580
+ 00:36:02,760 --> 00:36:03,280
1581
+ artery
1582
+
1583
+ 417
1584
+ 00:36:08,820 --> 00:36:16,240
1585
+ Middle cerebral artery is the lateral branch of a
1586
+
1587
+ 418
1588
+ 00:36:16,240 --> 00:36:20,020
1589
+ internal carotid artery ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง two large
1590
+
1591
+ 419
1592
+ 00:36:20,020 --> 00:36:23,460
1593
+ branches ููŠู‡ medial branch large ู‡ูˆ anterior
1594
+
1595
+ 420
1596
+ 00:36:23,460 --> 00:36:27,240
1597
+ cerebral artery ูˆููŠู‡ lateral branch large ู‡ูˆ
1598
+
1599
+ 421
1600
+ 00:36:27,240 --> 00:36:29,500
1601
+ middle cerebral artery ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุณุฃู„ู†ุง ุณุคุงู„ ู…ู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„
1602
+
1603
+ 422
1604
+ 00:36:29,500 --> 00:36:34,260
1605
+ largest branch ู‡ูˆ middle cerebral artery ูˆู‡ูŠ ุจูŠููˆุช
1606
+
1607
+ 423
1608
+ 00:36:34,260 --> 00:36:37,060
1609
+ ููŠ lateral sulcus ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ lateral
1610
+
1611
+ 424
1612
+ 00:36:37,060 --> 00:36:43,680
1613
+ branch lateral branch ูˆุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง carotid branches
1614
+
1615
+ 425
1616
+ 00:36:43,680 --> 00:36:48,740
1617
+ and central branches ูˆ ุงู„ู€ central branches ู†ูุณ
1618
+
1619
+ 426
1620
+ 00:36:48,740 --> 00:36:52,660
1621
+ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… striate branches ู„ุฃู†ู‡ู… ุจูŠุบุฏูˆุง ุงู„ู€ basal
1622
+
1623
+ 427
1624
+ 00:36:52,660 --> 00:36:56,780
1625
+ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุนูŠ ุงู„ุงู†
1626
+
1627
+ 428
1628
+ 00:36:56,780 --> 00:37:00,720
1629
+ ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ cortical branches ุงู„ู€ cortical branches
1630
+
1631
+ 429
1632
+ 00:37:00,720 --> 00:37:06,680
1633
+ ุจูŠุบุฏูˆุง ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ู‚ุดุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ูู‚ู†ุง ุงู† ุงู„ู€ anterior
1634
+
1635
+ 430
1636
+ 00:37:06,680 --> 00:37:10,660
1637
+ cerebral artery ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุงู„ู€ superior lateral part
1638
+
1639
+ 431
1640
+ 00:37:10,660 --> 00:37:16,240
1641
+ ุทุจ ุงู„ู€ middle cerebral artery ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ lateral two
1642
+
1643
+ 432
1644
+ 00:37:16,240 --> 00:37:21,400
1645
+ thirds of ุฃูˆ ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ู€ anterior cerebral artery
1646
+
1647
+ 433
1648
+ 00:37:21,400 --> 00:37:24,680
1649
+ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุงู„ู€ media ุงู„ู€ one third of orbital part
1650
+
1651
+ 434
1652
+ 00:37:24,680 --> 00:37:28,600
1653
+ of frontal lobe ุงู„ู€ middle cerebral artery ุฑุงุญ ูŠุบุฐูŠ
1654
+
1655
+ 435
1656
+ 00:37:28,600 --> 00:37:34,080
1657
+ lateral two thirds of the orbital part of frontal
1658
+
1659
+ 436
1660
+ 00:37:34,080 --> 00:37:40,100
1661
+ lobe ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุงู„ู€ temporal lobe ูˆ ุงู„ู€ insula ุทูŠุจ ู‚ู„ู†ุง
1662
+
1663
+ 437
1664
+ 00:37:40,100 --> 00:37:43,740
1665
+ ุงู„ู€ anterior cerebral artery ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุงู„ู€ upper
1666
+
1667
+ 438
1668
+ 00:37:43,740 --> 00:37:49,680
1669
+ superior lateral part ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ middle
1670
+
1671
+ 439
1672
+ 00:37:49,680 --> 00:37:55,820
1673
+ cerebral artery ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ most of the lateral cerebral
1674
+
1675
+ 440
1676
+ 00:37:55,820 --> 00:38:00,040
1677
+ hemisphere ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ most of the lateral cerebral
1678
+
1679
+ 441
1680
+ 00:38:00,040 --> 00:38:05,460
1681
+ hemisphere ู…ุน ุฏู‡ except upper part ุงู„ู€ upper part
1682
+
1683
+ 442
1684
+ 00:38:05,460 --> 00:38:08,520
1685
+ ุงู„ู€ super lateral ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุจุงุฎุฏ ูˆูŠู† ุดุฑุญู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
1686
+
1687
+ 443
1688
+ 00:38:08,520 --> 00:38:12,460
1689
+ anterior cerebral artery ุงู„ู€ lower part ุชุจุน ุงู„ู€
1690
+
1691
+ 444
1692
+ 00:38:12,460 --> 00:38:15,900
1693
+ temporal lobe ุจุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ posterior cerebral artery
1694
+
1695
+ 445
1696
+ 00:38:16,790 --> 00:38:20,510
1697
+ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ occipital lobe ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† posterior
1698
+
1699
+ 446
1700
+ 00:38:20,510 --> 00:38:23,630
1701
+ cerebral artery ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ middle cerebral artery
1702
+
1703
+ 447
1704
+ 00:38:23,630 --> 00:38:26,930
1705
+ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุงู† ูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ lateral surface of cerebral
1706
+
1707
+ 448
1708
+ 00:38:26,930 --> 00:38:30,690
1709
+ ุงู„ู‡ูŠู…ุณููŠุฑ ู…ุนุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ superior lateral ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุนู„ูˆูŠ
1710
+
1711
+ 449
1712
+ 00:38:30,690 --> 00:38:34,590
1713
+ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ anterior cerebral artery ุชู…ุงู… ูˆ ุงู„ู€
1714
+
1715
+ 450
1716
+ 00:38:34,590 --> 00:38:38,130
1717
+ occipital lobe ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ posterior cerebral
1718
+
1719
+ 451
1720
+ 00:38:38,130 --> 00:38:42,670
1721
+ artery ูˆ ุงู„ู€ lower temporal lobe ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู†
1722
+
1723
+ 452
1724
+ 00:38:42,670 --> 00:38:45,070
1725
+ posterior cerebral artery
1726
+
1727
+ 453
1728
+ 00:38:48,800 --> 00:38:52,200
1729
+ Central branches of the middle cerebral artery
1730
+
1731
+ 454
1732
+ 00:38:52,200 --> 00:38:56,780
1733
+ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ basal nuclei Internal capsule ุฎุงุตุฉ ู„ู€
1734
+
1735
+ 455
1736
+ 00:38:56,780 --> 00:39:01,290
1737
+ posterior part of internal capsule ูˆุงู„ุฌูŠู†ูŠูƒูˆู„ูŠุช one of
1738
+
1739
+ 456
1740
+ 00:39:01,290 --> 00:39:04,570
1741
+ these arteries is large ููŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุดุฑูŠุงู† ูƒุจูŠุฑ
1742
+
1743
+ 457
1744
+ 00:39:04,570 --> 00:39:09,350
1745
+ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดุฑูŠุงู† ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ artery of hemorrhage artery of
1746
+
1747
+ 458
1748
+ 00:39:09,350 --> 00:39:12,650
1749
+ cerebral hemorrhage ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ ุชุดุงุฑูƒูˆ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ
1750
+
1751
+ 459
1752
+ 00:39:12,650 --> 00:39:15,790
1753
+ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุงุฎุฏู‡ ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ ุณู†ุฉ ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ู„ู…ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
1754
+
1755
+ 460
1756
+ 00:39:15,790 --> 00:39:19,230
1757
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู€ cerebral hemorrhage ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู†ุฒูŠู ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบูŠ
1758
+
1759
+ 461
1760
+ 00:39:19,230 --> 00:39:24,510
1761
+ ุงู„ุดุฑูŠุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ูƒุซูŠุฑ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ ุญุงู„ุงุช ู†ุฒูŠู ูˆ ู„ูŠู‡ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ
1762
+
1763
+ 462
1764
+ 00:39:24,510 --> 00:39:29,510
1765
+ ููŠู‡ ู†ุฒูŠู ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ smooth muscle layer thin ูˆUnder
1766
+
1767
+ 463
1768
+ 00:39:29,510 --> 00:39:33,690
1769
+ high blood pressure ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู„ู‡ ุฑุจุดุฑ ูˆุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰
1770
+
1771
+ 464
1772
+ 00:39:33,690 --> 00:39:42,030
1773
+ Intracerebral Hemorrhage ู‡ุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ middle cerebral
1774
+
1775
+ 465
1776
+ 00:39:42,030 --> 00:39:50,490
1777
+ artery ุชุนุชุจุฑ lateral branch Lateral Branch ู‡ุงูŠ
1778
+
1779
+ 466
1780
+ 00:39:50,490 --> 00:39:54,650
1781
+ ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุฃุฌุงูˆุฑ ููŠ lateral sulcus ุฃูˆ lateral fissure
1782
+
1783
+ 467
1784
+ 00:39:54,650 --> 00:40:00,900
1785
+ ูˆุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ most of cerebral cortex ู‡ูŠ most of
1786
+
1787
+ 468
1788
+ 00:40:00,900 --> 00:40:07,660
1789
+ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุนู„ูˆูŠ ุชุฃุฎุฐ ู…ู† anterior cerebral artery
1790
+
1791
+ 469
1792
+ 00:40:07,660 --> 00:40:13,760
1793
+ ุงู„ู€ occipital ุชุฃุฎุฐ ู…ู† posterior cerebral artery
1794
+
1795
+ 470
1796
+ 00:40:13,760 --> 00:40:18,040
1797
+ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ inferior surface ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ู€ temporal lobe ุชุฃุฎุฐ ู…ู†
1798
+
1799
+ 471
1800
+ 00:40:18,040 --> 00:40:19,860
1801
+ posterior cerebral artery
1802
+
1803
+ 472
1804
+ 00:40:37,540 --> 00:40:41,640
1805
+ ู‡ูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ middle cerebral
1806
+
1807
+ 473
1808
+ 00:40:41,640 --> 00:40:46,180
1809
+ artery as lateral branch ุฅู„ู‡ cortical branches
1810
+
1811
+ 474
1812
+ 00:40:46,180 --> 00:40:50,560
1813
+ ูˆ ุฅู„ู‡ ุงูŠู‡ ู‡ู†ุง ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… central branches ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู…
1814
+
1815
+ 475
1816
+ 00:40:50,560 --> 00:40:56,400
1817
+ ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ branches
1818
+
1819
+ 476
1820
+ 00:40:56,400 --> 00:41:01,180
1821
+ ูˆุงุถุญ
1822
+
1823
+ 477
1824
+ 00:41:01,180 --> 00:41:05,040
1825
+ ุญู„ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ middle cerebral artery ุฅู„ู‡ lateral
1826
+
1827
+ 478
1828
+ 00:41:05,040 --> 00:41:10,830
1829
+ branches ูˆ ุงู„ู€ central branches ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู…ุง striate
1830
+
1831
+ 479
1832
+ 00:41:10,830 --> 00:41:17,090
1833
+ arteries ููŠ ู…ู†ู‡ู… short striate artery ูˆุงุถุญูŠู† ู‡ู†ุง
1834
+
1835
+ 480
1836
+ 00:41:17,090 --> 00:41:22,070
1837
+ short striate arteries ูˆููŠ long striate arteries
1838
+
1839
+ 481
1840
+ 00:41:26,090 --> 00:41:28,990
1841
+ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ุดุฑุงูŠูŠู† ุงู„ู€ striate arteries ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
1842
+
1843
+ 482
1844
+ 00:41:28,990 --> 00:41:33,050
1845
+ labelled to bleeding ูˆุงุณู…ู‡ artery of cerebral
1846
+
1847
+ 483
1848
+ 00:41:33,050 --> 00:41:37,510
1849
+ hemorrhage ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ charcot artery ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุฃูƒุซุฑ
1850
+
1851
+ 484
1852
+ 00:41:37,510 --> 00:41:43,520
1853
+ ู…ูƒุงู† ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ููŠู‡ ู†ุฒูŠู ุฏู…ุงุบูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ basal nuclei ู„ุญุฏ
1854
+
1855
+ 485
1856
+ 00:41:43,520 --> 00:41:47,420
1857
+ ุงู„ุขู† ุจู† ... ุจู†ูƒุชููŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉุŒ
1858
+
1859
+ 486
1860
+ 00:41:47,420 --> 00:41:50,240
1861
+ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰
1862
+
1863
+ 487
1864
+ 00:41:50,240 --> 00:41:54,700
1865
+ vertebral basilar system ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ dural venous
1866
+
1867
+ 488
1868
+ 00:41:54,700 --> 00:41:56,960
1869
+ drainageุŒ ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุงู„ุนุงููŠุฉ
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/SYJEVo8m4NA_raw.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,1988 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:04,990 --> 00:00:08,770
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:08,770 --> 00:00:16,400
7
+ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุฑุงุญ ู†ูƒู…ู„ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุงุช ู…ุณุงู‚ ุชุดุฑูŠุญ ุงู„ุฃุนุตุงุจ ูˆ
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:16,400 --> 00:00:20,480
11
+ ูุณูŠูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃุนุตุงุจ ูˆุตู„ู†ุง ู…ุนุงูƒู… ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฑู‚ู… 5
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:20,480 --> 00:00:26,440
15
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูƒุงู†ุช ุนู„ู‰ meninges and ventricular system
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:26,440 --> 00:00:31,840
19
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุณุงุฏุณ ุฑุงุญ ุชูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ blood supply of
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:31,840 --> 00:00:38,910
23
+ the brain and ural venousุฃูˆ Dural Venous ู†ุจุฏุฃ
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:38,910 --> 00:00:45,090
27
+ ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ cerebral blood flow ุงูŠุด ู‡ูˆ
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:45,090 --> 00:00:51,190
31
+ ุงู„ cerebral blood flowุŸ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† blood supply
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:51,190 --> 00:00:59,250
35
+ to the brain in a given time ููŠ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุงู„ brain
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:59,250 --> 00:01:08,180
39
+ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ 20% ู…ู† ุงู„ total cardiac outputูŠุนู†ูŠ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ 750
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:01:08,180 --> 00:01:12,500
43
+ ู…ู„ูŠ ู„ุชุฑ ููŠ ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตู„ ุงู„ blood
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:01:12,500 --> 00:01:19,360
47
+ ู„ู„ brain ู„ูˆ ุฃุฎุฏู†ุง ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ regional cerebral blood
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:19,360 --> 00:01:23,520
51
+ flowุฏุฑุณู†ุง ูƒู„ 100 ุฌุฑุงู… brain tissue ูƒู… ุจูŠุตู„ ู„ู‡ุง
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:23,520 --> 00:01:29,120
55
+ blood ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ูŠุตู„ 50 ู„ 54 ู…ู„ูŠู„ูŠุชุฑ
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:29,120 --> 00:01:32,800
59
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุทูŠุจ ู…ุงุฐุง ุจูŠุญุฏุซ
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:32,800 --> 00:01:36,960
63
+ ischemia ischemia ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู† ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุจุชูู‚ุฏ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:36,960 --> 00:01:42,160
67
+ ุจุฏูˆู† ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… death ู„ุณู‡ ู…ุง ู…ุงุชุช ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ูู‚ุฏุช
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:42,160 --> 00:01:46,020
71
+ ุงู„ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุจุณุจุจ ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ ุงู„ุชุฑูˆูŠุฉ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ischemia ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:46,020 --> 00:01:53,430
75
+ ุนู† ู†ู‚ุต ุชุฑูˆูŠุฉ ู…ุงุฐุง ุจุชุญุฏุซุŸif blood flow to the brain
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:53,430 --> 00:02:01,030
79
+ below 18-20 milliliter per 100 gram per minute ุทูŠุจ
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:02:01,030 --> 00:02:05,950
83
+ ุชุดุฏุซ ู…ุชู‰ ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุจุชูู‚ุฏ ุงู„ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ูˆ ุจุชู…ูˆุช ูƒู…ุงู† ุจูŠุญุฏุซ
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:02:05,950 --> 00:02:14,330
87
+ ู„ู‡ุง death ููŠ ุญุงู„ู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ู€ cerebral blood flow ุฃู‚ู„
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:02:14,330 --> 00:02:21,630
91
+ ู…ู† 8 ู„ 10 ู…ู„ูŠ ู„ุชุฑ ู„ูƒู„ 100 ุฌุฑุงู… ุจุฑู† ุชุดูˆู ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:21,630 --> 00:02:28,950
95
+ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู‡ูŠูุฌุงู† ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุงู†ู‡ ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ูŠุตู„ ู„ุจุฑู† 750 ู…ู„ูŠ
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:28,950 --> 00:02:34,090
99
+ ู„ุชุฑ ู„ูƒู„ ุจุฑู† ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† 15 ู„
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:34,090 --> 00:02:37,350
103
+ 20% ู…ู† ุงู„ total cardiac output
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:42,050 --> 00:02:47,330
107
+ ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุจุชูู‚ุฏ ุงู„ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ุง ููŠ ุญุงู„ ู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ blood
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:47,330 --> 00:02:56,750
111
+ flow ู„ูƒุงู…ุŸ ู„ 18ุŒ 20 ู…ู„ูŠู„ุชุฑ ู„ 100 gram brain tissue
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:56,750 --> 00:03:01,330
115
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุทุจ death tissue ุงูˆ ุงู„ tissue
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:03:01,330 --> 00:03:05,070
119
+ death ู…ุชู‰ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุงู„ tissue deathุŸููŠ ุญุงู„ ู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ู€
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:03:05,070 --> 00:03:07,230
123
+ cerebral blood flowุŒ ุงู„ู€ regional cerebral blood
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:03:07,230 --> 00:03:14,010
127
+ flowุŒ below a 10 milliliter blood ู„ูƒู„ 100 gram
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:03:14,010 --> 00:03:20,110
131
+ brain tissue per minute blood
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:03:20,110 --> 00:03:27,470
135
+ supply of the brainุงู„ู€ brain very important organ
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:27,470 --> 00:03:33,370
139
+ ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุงู†ู‡ ุจูŠุตู„ูˆุง ุนุดุฑูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ู…ู† a
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:33,370 --> 00:03:40,050
143
+ total cardiac output ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง ุจุชุฃุซุฑ ุงู„ brain ููŠ
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:40,050 --> 00:03:43,070
147
+ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ hypertension ุงูˆ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ hypertension
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:43,070 --> 00:03:50,310
151
+ ุงู„ blood supply of the brain ุงู„ brain ุจูŠุตู„ูˆุง blood
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:50,310 --> 00:03:59,060
155
+ ู…ู† two systemsุชูˆ system ุงูˆู„ system ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงูŠู‡
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:59,060 --> 00:04:03,680
159
+ carotid system carotid system ุซุงู†ูŠ system
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:04:03,680 --> 00:04:11,580
163
+ vertebrobasilar system vertebrobasilar system ุงู„
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:04:11,580 --> 00:04:18,030
167
+ carotid systemุจุตู„ู‰ ุงู„ brain ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ internal
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:04:18,030 --> 00:04:22,570
171
+ carotid artery internal carotid artery ู‡ู†ุง right
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:04:22,570 --> 00:04:27,530
175
+ internal carotid artery and left internal carotid
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:04:27,530 --> 00:04:31,960
179
+ artery ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ vertebral basilar systemุจูŠุตู„ ุงู„
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:04:31,960 --> 00:04:35,980
183
+ blood ู„ู„ brain ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ two vertebral artery ูˆ
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:35,980 --> 00:04:39,560
187
+ ุงู„ two vertebral artery ุจุชุญุฏูˆุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู„ู†ุง
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:39,560 --> 00:04:45,500
191
+ single basilar artery ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง vertebral basilar
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:45,500 --> 00:04:54,260
195
+ system the main blood supply to the brain ุจุชุชู… ุนู†
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:54,260 --> 00:04:56,740
199
+ ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ carotid artery ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ internal carotid
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:56,740 --> 00:05:03,670
203
+ artery internal carotid arterysupplied 80% of the
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:05:03,670 --> 00:05:08,190
207
+ brain ูŠุนู†ูŠ 80% ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ุฅุจู„ุงุฏ ุณุจู„ูŠุฉ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:05:08,190 --> 00:05:13,730
211
+ ุงู„ internal carotid artery ูˆ 20% ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:05:13,730 --> 00:05:19,390
215
+ vertebral basilar artery ู†ุฑุฌุน
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:05:19,390 --> 00:05:24,450
219
+ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ general anatomy ู†ุดูˆู ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ origin ุจุชุงุน
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:05:24,450 --> 00:05:30,330
223
+ ุงู„ internal carotid artery ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠุกููŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุดูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:05:30,330 --> 00:05:34,290
227
+ common carotid artery ุงู„ู€ carotid ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุดุฑูŠุงู†
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:05:34,290 --> 00:05:39,590
231
+ ุงู„ุณุจุงุชูŠ ุดุฑูŠุงู† ุงู„ุณุจุงุชูŠ ุงู„ุนุงู… ุจุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠ common carotid
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:39,590 --> 00:05:43,990
235
+ artery ุฃูˆ ุดุฑูŠุงู† ุงู„ุณุจุงุชูŠ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ุงู„ common carotid
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:43,990 --> 00:05:51,870
239
+ artery emerges from ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ุฎู„ุงู ููŠ right ูˆ ููŠ left
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:51,870 --> 00:05:59,070
243
+ ุงู„ right common carotid arteryemerges from
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:59,070 --> 00:06:05,270
247
+ brachiocephalic trunk from brachiocephalic trunk
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:06:05,270 --> 00:06:09,650
251
+ ุทูŠุจุŒ brachiocephalic trunk ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ู‚ุฑุด ูˆ ููŠ
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:06:09,650 --> 00:06:13,750
255
+ ุฃูˆูˆุฑุชู‡ brachiocephalic
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:06:13,750 --> 00:06:17,790
259
+ trunk ู…ู† ุงุณู…ู‡ brachiocephalic ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ู„ upper limb ูˆ
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:06:17,790 --> 00:06:22,370
263
+ ู„ู„ brain ุงู„ brachiocephalic trunk ุงู„ right ู…ู†ู‚ุณู… ู„
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:06:22,370 --> 00:06:28,250
267
+ two arteries two main arteriesุฃูˆู„ุงู‹ ุฑุงูŠุช ุณุจูƒู„ูŠููŠุงู†
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:06:28,250 --> 00:06:37,570
271
+ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุดุชุบู„ ุนู‚ู„ ุงู„ุนู‚ู„ ุงู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุงุชู†ูŠู†
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:37,570 --> 00:06:43,750
275
+ ูƒูˆู…ูˆู† ูƒุงุฑูˆุชุฏ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠู‡ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฑุงูŠุช ูƒูˆู…ูˆู† ูƒุงุฑูˆุชุฏ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠู‡
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:43,750 --> 00:06:47,350
279
+ ูŠุชุฎู„ุต
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:47,350 --> 00:06:54,620
283
+ ู…ู†the brachiocephalic trunk ู…ุงุญุฏ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูŠู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:54,620 --> 00:06:59,400
287
+ right brachiocephalic trunk ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู‡ูˆ one only
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:06:59,400 --> 00:07:01,960
291
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ brachiocephalic
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:07:01,960 --> 00:07:06,060
295
+ trunk ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ right common carotid artery
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:07:06,060 --> 00:07:12,160
299
+ immerse from brachiocephalic trunkBreak ocephalic
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:07:12,160 --> 00:07:16,660
303
+ trunk Divide into two arteries Right subclavian
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:07:16,660 --> 00:07:19,620
307
+ artery and right common carotid artery
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:07:27,320 --> 00:07:32,180
311
+ immediately direct from the arch of the aorta ูŠุนู†ูŠ
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:07:32,180 --> 00:07:35,000
315
+ ุนุงู„ left ุงู„arch of the aorta ุนุงู„ left ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:07:35,000 --> 00:07:40,520
319
+ immediately ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู†ู‡ left subclavian artery and
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:40,520 --> 00:07:44,280
323
+ left common carotid artery ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ุนุฑูู†ุง ุฅูŠุด
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:44,280 --> 00:07:47,600
327
+ ุงู„ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ุจูŠู† ุงู„ right ูˆ left common carotid artery
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:07:47,600 --> 00:07:52,360
331
+ left common carotid artery emerges immediatelyfrom
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:07:52,360 --> 00:07:56,780
335
+ the arch of the aorta but the right common carotid
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:07:56,780 --> 00:08:01,220
339
+ artery emerges or arises directly from
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:08:01,220 --> 00:08:04,340
343
+ brachiocephalic trunk ูˆ brachiocephalic trunk ู…ู†
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:08:04,340 --> 00:08:09,480
347
+ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ arch of the aorta ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ุนุฑูู†ุง ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:08:09,480 --> 00:08:11,740
351
+ ุฃุชู‰ ุงู„ common carotid artery ู…ุงุจู‡ู…ู†ุงุด ุงุญู†ุง ุงู„
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:08:11,740 --> 00:08:14,560
355
+ common carotid artery ุจู‡ู…ู†ุง ุงู„ internal carotid
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:08:14,560 --> 00:08:19,580
359
+ artery ุทูŠุจ common carotid artery ุจูŠู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ two
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:08:19,580 --> 00:08:25,640
363
+ branchesู„ู€ Internal Carotid Artery ูˆ External
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:08:25,640 --> 00:08:28,860
367
+ Carotid ArteryุŒ ุฃู†ุง ุงู„ู€ External Carotid Artery ู…ุง
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:08:28,860 --> 00:08:32,920
371
+ ุจูŠู‡ู…ู†ูŠ ุงู„ูŠูˆู…ุŒ ุจุบุฏ ุงู„ู€ Face ูˆ ุงู„ู€ ThyroidุŒ ู…ุง ุฅู„ูŠ
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:08:32,920 --> 00:08:35,970
375
+ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ุขู†ุŸุฃู†ุง ุจุงู‡ูŠู… ู…ู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุงู„
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:08:35,970 --> 00:08:38,870
379
+ internal carotid artery ุทุจ ูˆูŠู† ุจูŠุชู… ุงู„
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:08:38,870 --> 00:08:45,110
383
+ bifurcationุŸ ุงูˆ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ ..
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:08:45,110 --> 00:08:45,830
387
+ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:08:45,830 --> 00:08:45,830
391
+ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ ..
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:08:45,830 --> 00:08:45,830
395
+ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:08:45,830 --> 00:08:45,870
399
+ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ ..
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:08:45,870 --> 00:08:45,990
403
+ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:08:45,990 --> 00:08:46,450
407
+ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ ..
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:08:46,450 --> 00:08:46,690
411
+ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:08:46,690 --> 00:08:48,110
415
+ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ ..
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:08:48,110 --> 00:08:48,130
419
+ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:08:48,130 --> 00:08:48,130
423
+ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ ..
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:08:48,130 --> 00:08:52,030
427
+ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ ..
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:08:52,030 --> 00:08:58,900
431
+ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ ..Upper border of thyroid cartilage ูŠุนู†ูŠ
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:08:58,900 --> 00:09:05,260
435
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃูŠ level ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ vertibra ุนู„ู‰ level C3 C4
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:09:05,260 --> 00:09:09,440
439
+ vertibra ูŠุจู‚ู‰ common carotid artery ุจุชู…ูŠู„ู‡ by
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:09:09,440 --> 00:09:13,220
443
+ bifurcation dividing ุงู„ common carotid artery
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:09:13,220 --> 00:09:19,260
447
+ divide ู„ู…ูŠู† ู„ two arteries internal carotid artery
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:09:19,260 --> 00:09:24,300
451
+ ูˆ external carotid artery ุงู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู‡ู…ู†ูŠุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:09:24,300 --> 00:09:27,820
455
+ internal
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:09:27,820 --> 00:09:32,400
459
+ carotid artery ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:09:32,400 --> 00:09:39,900
463
+ ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุชุงู†ูŠ ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู†ู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุฃุฑุด ุฃูˆ ุฏุงูˆุฑุชุง
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:09:39,900 --> 00:09:46,000
467
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right brachiocephalic trunkุชู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู€ right
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:09:46,000 --> 00:09:50,520
471
+ subclavian artery ูˆ right common carotid artery
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:09:50,520 --> 00:09:55,000
475
+ ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ู€ left ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงุฑุดู ุฏูˆุฑุชู‡ Direct ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู†ู‡
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:09:55,000 --> 00:09:59,740
479
+ left subclavian artery ูˆ left common carotid
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:09:59,740 --> 00:10:12,540
483
+ artery ุทูŠุจ
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:10:12,540 --> 00:10:17,830
487
+ ู„ูˆ ุณุคุงู„ู†ุง ุณุคุงู„ุฌูŠุจู†ุง ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุฒูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ ูˆ ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง what's the
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:10:17,830 --> 00:10:21,950
491
+ difference between external carotid artery and
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:10:21,950 --> 00:10:25,370
495
+ internal carotid artery ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ common carotid
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:10:25,370 --> 00:10:28,970
499
+ artery ุนู† ุงู„ right ุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ subclavian artery ..
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:10:28,970 --> 00:10:31,730
503
+ ุขุณู ุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ brachiocephalic trunk ุงู„
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:10:31,730 --> 00:10:35,310
507
+ brachiocephalic trunk ุงู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ right common carotid
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:10:35,310 --> 00:10:39,970
511
+ artery ูˆ right subclavian artery ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:10:39,970 --> 00:10:43,030
515
+ brachiocephalic trunkุทุจ what's the difference
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:10:43,030 --> 00:10:46,290
519
+ between right and leftุŸ what's the difference
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:10:46,290 --> 00:10:49,930
523
+ between internal and external carotid arteryุŸ ุฃู†ุง
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:10:49,930 --> 00:10:57,610
527
+ ุจุทู„ุน ุจุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ูŠูƒ ูˆ ุจุฏู‡ ุฃุนุฑู ู‡ุงูŠ one ูˆ ู‡ุงูŠ second
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:10:57,610 --> 00:11:01,710
531
+ branch ู„ู„ common carotid main ุงู„ internal ูˆ main
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:11:01,710 --> 00:11:09,230
535
+ ุงู„ externalinternal carotid artery gives no branch
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:11:09,230 --> 00:11:13,390
539
+ at the neck ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ internal carotid artery
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:11:13,390 --> 00:11:18,370
543
+ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุงุด ูˆู„ุง ุดุฑูŠุงู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑู‚ุจุฉุŒ ู…ุงุจูŠุนุทูŠุด ูˆู„ุง branch
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:11:19,150 --> 00:11:24,650
547
+ ุทูŠุจ ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ external carotid artery it gives
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:11:24,650 --> 00:11:29,030
551
+ branches at the neck ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฅุฎุชู„ุงู ุฅู† ุงู„ external
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:11:29,030 --> 00:11:33,790
555
+ carotid artery ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุฃูุฑุน ู„ู‡ ู„ู„ุฑู‚ุจ ูˆ ู„ู„ face ูˆ
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:11:33,790 --> 00:11:38,830
559
+ ู„ู„ูˆุฌู‡ ุชู…ุงู… ูˆ ุงู„ููƒูŠู† ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ internal carotid artery
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:11:38,830 --> 00:11:45,490
563
+ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ to supply the brain and eyes ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุจูŠุนุทูŠุด ูˆู„ุง
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:11:45,490 --> 00:11:47,790
567
+ ูุฑุน ู„ู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑู‚ุจ
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:11:52,180 --> 00:11:58,280
571
+ ู†ูˆุตู„ ู„ู€ Internal Carotid Artery ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู†
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:11:58,280 --> 00:12:02,820
575
+ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุชู†ุง ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ Internal
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:12:02,820 --> 00:12:10,540
579
+ Carotid Artery arises in the neck of terminal
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:12:10,540 --> 00:12:16,700
583
+ branch of common carotid arteryat bifurcation
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:12:16,700 --> 00:12:19,840
587
+ ูˆุงุชูุฌู†ุง ุงู„ bifurcation ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅูŠุด bifurcation ู…ู‚ุตูˆุฏ
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:12:19,840 --> 00:12:24,260
591
+ ููŠู‡ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู†ู‚ุณุงู… ุงู„ common carotid artery ุฅู„ู‰
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:12:24,260 --> 00:12:28,900
595
+ external and internal ุนู„ู‰ ุฃูŠ level ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ level
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:12:28,900 --> 00:12:34,960
599
+ cervical 3 and cervical 4 vertebra ุฃูˆ ุนู„ู‰ level
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:12:34,960 --> 00:12:40,640
603
+ upper thyroid gland cartilageOkay what's the
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:12:40,640 --> 00:12:45,940
607
+ function of internal carotid arteryุŸ Internal
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:12:45,940 --> 00:12:51,780
611
+ carotid artery supplies structures of orbit ูŠุนู†ูŠ
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:12:51,780 --> 00:12:57,360
615
+ ุงู„ I ูˆ ุงู„ orbitand large part of the brain
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:12:57,360 --> 00:13:03,960
619
+ internal carotid artery supply 80% of the brain
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:13:03,960 --> 00:13:09,860
623
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ 80% ู…ู† ุงู„ brain blood supply ุจุชู… ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:13:09,860 --> 00:13:16,780
627
+ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ internal carotid artery ูˆุงุชูุฌู†ุง ุงู†ู‡it
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:13:16,780 --> 00:13:22,980
631
+ gives no branches at the neck ุงูˆ in the neck ูŠุนู†ูŠ
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:13:22,980 --> 00:13:27,440
635
+ ุงู„ internal carotid artery ู…ุงุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุงุด ูˆู„ุง branch
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:13:27,440 --> 00:13:32,280
639
+ ุนู„ู‰ ูˆูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑู‚ุจุฉ okay ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ internal carotid
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:13:32,280 --> 00:13:39,600
643
+ artery ู‡ูˆ supply ุงู„ orbit ูˆ ุงู„ brain each
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:13:39,600 --> 00:13:44,880
647
+ internal carotid arteryenters the skull through
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:13:44,880 --> 00:13:49,800
651
+ the carotid canal ุงูˆ carotid foramen ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠููˆุช ู„ ุงู„
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:13:49,800 --> 00:13:56,340
655
+ cranial cavity ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ู‚ู†ุงุน ุงูˆ ูุชุญุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง carotid
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:13:56,340 --> 00:14:04,620
659
+ foramen ุงูˆ carotid canal okay and it gives intra
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:14:04,620 --> 00:14:09,380
663
+ cranial branches ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ intra cranial
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:14:09,380 --> 00:14:15,680
667
+ branchesู„ูˆ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ course of the internal
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:14:15,680 --> 00:14:19,020
671
+ carotid arteryุงุชูุงุฌู†ุง ุงู†ู‡ ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ internal
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:14:19,020 --> 00:14:22,420
675
+ carotid artery ู…ู† ู…ูƒุงู† ุงู„ bifurcation of common
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:14:22,420 --> 00:14:28,620
679
+ carotid artery ุนู„ู‰ level C3-C4 ููŠุฑุชุจุฑุฉ ุงู„ internal
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:14:28,620 --> 00:14:34,200
683
+ carotid artery ุจูŠู…ูˆุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ cervical part ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:14:34,200 --> 00:14:39,560
687
+ ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุฃูˆู„ ุฌุฒุก ุงุณู…ู‡ cervical part ุจูŠูƒูˆู† below the
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:14:39,560 --> 00:14:42,680
691
+ carotid foramen ูˆูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฒุกุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ neck
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:14:42,680 --> 00:14:52,940
695
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ neck ุงุซู†ูŠู†ุงู†ุชุฑุง ุจุชุฑุง ุณุจุงุฑุช ุงู†ุชูˆุง
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:14:52,940 --> 00:14:59,100
699
+ ุนุงุฑููŠู† ูƒุงุฑูˆุชุฏ ููˆุฑุงู…ู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ ุจุชุฑุง ุจูˆู† ุชู…ุงู… of
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:14:59,100 --> 00:15:02,440
703
+ temporal bone ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ temporal bone ููŠ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู†ู‡ุง
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:15:02,440 --> 00:15:06,600
707
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ ุจุชุฑุง ุณุจุงุฑุช ูˆููŠู‡ุง canal ุงูˆ ููˆุฑุงู…ู† ุงุณู…ู‡ ูƒุงุฑูˆุชุฏ
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:15:06,600 --> 00:15:12,060
711
+ ููˆุฑุงู…ู† ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ู…ุฑูˆุฑ ุงู„ internal carotid artery
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:15:12,900 --> 00:15:15,840
715
+ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Carotid Foramen ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:15:15,840 --> 00:15:22,750
719
+ Foramen ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ Intrapetra Sparta ุซู„ุงุซุฉุงู†ุชุฑุง
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:15:22,750 --> 00:15:26,850
723
+ ูƒุงููŠุฑู†ุณ ุจุงุฑุฏ ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฑุงุญ
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:15:26,850 --> 00:15:30,630
727
+ ู†ุงุฎุฏ ุฏูŠูˆุฑ ุงู„ venous sinuses ูˆู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ู… ูƒุงููŠุฑู†ุณ
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:15:30,630 --> 00:15:36,470
731
+ sinus ุงู„ internal carotid artery ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ media
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:15:36,470 --> 00:15:41,650
735
+ wall of the cavernous sinus ูƒุงููŠุฑู†ุณ sinus ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:15:41,650 --> 00:15:46,350
739
+ ุนู† ุฏูŠูˆุฑ ุงู„ venous sinusูˆ ุงู„ internal carotid
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:15:46,350 --> 00:15:49,030
743
+ artery ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู…ุฑ ููŠู‡ ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:15:49,030 --> 00:15:54,210
747
+ cavernous sinus ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ intra cavernous part ูˆ ุงุฎุฑ
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:15:54,210 --> 00:16:00,270
751
+ ุฌุฒุก ุงุณู…ู‡ intracranial part above the cavernous
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:16:00,270 --> 00:16:06,210
755
+ sinus ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุฌุน ุจูŠุณู…ูˆ ุงู„ intra cavernous part
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:16:06,210 --> 00:16:12,580
759
+ ูˆ ุงู„ intracranial part ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุงุณู…ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‰ ุชุญุช ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
760
+
761
+ 191
762
+ 00:16:12,580 --> 00:16:18,640
763
+ ู‡ุฐุง survival part ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ intra-pitras
764
+
765
+ 192
766
+ 00:16:18,640 --> 00:16:22,280
767
+ part ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู„ู‰ ููŠ ุงู„ cavernous sinus ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡
768
+
769
+ 193
770
+ 00:16:22,280 --> 00:16:25,980
771
+ intra-cavernous part ูˆุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุนู„ูˆ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุฏุฎู„ ููŠ ุงู„
772
+
773
+ 194
774
+ 00:16:25,980 --> 00:16:31,020
775
+ cranial cavity ู†ูุณู‡ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ intra cranial part
776
+
777
+ 195
778
+ 00:16:42,630 --> 00:16:47,310
779
+ branches of the internal carotid artery internal
780
+
781
+ 196
782
+ 00:16:47,310 --> 00:16:53,410
783
+ carotid artery ุงู„ูˆ five branches ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ููŠ ุนูŠู†
784
+
785
+ 197
786
+ 00:16:53,410 --> 00:17:01,430
787
+ ุงู„ุญุณูˆุฏ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูƒู… ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ophthalmic branch ู…ู† ุงุณู…ู‡
788
+
789
+ 198
790
+ 00:17:01,430 --> 00:17:05,650
791
+ ophthalmic branch ู„ูˆ ุงูŠู‡ ุฑุงูŠุญุŸ ุฑุงูŠุญ ู„ู„ orbit and a
792
+
793
+ 199
794
+ 00:17:05,650 --> 00:17:12,620
795
+ eyePosterior communicating artery ู…ู† ุงุณู…ู‡
796
+
797
+ 200
798
+ 00:17:12,620 --> 00:17:18,540
799
+ posterior ู…ุชุฌู‡ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฎู„ู communicating ุจู‡ู… ุงู„ุญู„ู‚ุฉ
800
+
801
+ 201
802
+ 00:17:18,540 --> 00:17:24,030
803
+ ูˆุตู„ communication ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ ุชู„ุงุซุฉAnterior
804
+
805
+ 202
806
+ 00:17:24,030 --> 00:17:28,910
807
+ Coroidal Artery ู…ู† ุงุณู…ู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุดุฑูŠุงู† ุฃู…ุงู…ูŠ Coroidal
808
+
809
+ 203
810
+ 00:17:28,910 --> 00:17:32,730
811
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ supply Coroidal Plexus ุฑุญ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„
812
+
813
+ 204
814
+ 00:17:32,730 --> 00:17:38,610
815
+ ูˆ ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ two terminal branches ูˆ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ุงุชู†ูŠู† Anterior
816
+
817
+ 205
818
+ 00:17:38,610 --> 00:17:42,770
819
+ Cerebral Artery and Middle Cerebral Artery ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ
820
+
821
+ 206
822
+ 00:17:42,770 --> 00:17:48,890
823
+ ุณุฃู„ู†ุง ุณุคุงู„ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ largest branch of an internal
824
+
825
+ 207
826
+ 00:17:48,890 --> 00:17:53,680
827
+ carotid artery ุฑุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† middle cerebral arteryูŠู‚ูˆู„
828
+
829
+ 208
830
+ 00:17:53,680 --> 00:17:56,220
831
+ ุงู„ู€ middle cerebral artery it is the largest
832
+
833
+ 209
834
+ 00:17:56,220 --> 00:18:01,260
835
+ branch of the internal carotid artery ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุฌูŠ
836
+
837
+ 210
838
+ 00:18:01,260 --> 00:18:07,000
839
+ ุณุคุงู„ ุชุงู†ูŠ ู…ูŠู† ููŠู‡ู… medial branch ูˆู…ูŠู† ููŠู‡ู… lateral
840
+
841
+ 211
842
+ 00:18:07,000 --> 00:18:15,060
843
+ branch ุงู„ anterior cerebral artery ูŠุนุชุจุฑ a medial
844
+
845
+ 212
846
+ 00:18:15,060 --> 00:18:17,240
847
+ branch
848
+
849
+ 213
850
+ 00:18:18,530 --> 00:18:22,370
851
+ Media Large Branch ูˆุงู„ู€ Middle Cerebral artery
852
+
853
+ 214
854
+ 00:18:22,370 --> 00:18:28,610
855
+ Lateral Branchุชู…ุงู… ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุฌูŠ ุณุคุงู„ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ large
856
+
857
+ 215
858
+ 00:18:28,610 --> 00:18:32,590
859
+ medial branch of internal carotid artery ุน ุงู„ุณู„ูŠู„ู‡
860
+
861
+ 216
862
+ 00:18:32,590 --> 00:18:36,270
863
+ ุจุบุฒ ุน ูˆูŠู†ุŸ anterior cerebral artery ุทุจ ุงุฌูŠ ุณุคุงู„
864
+
865
+ 217
866
+ 00:18:36,270 --> 00:18:39,730
867
+ ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ large ู…ุงู‚ูˆู„ู†ุงุด largest large
868
+
869
+ 218
870
+ 00:18:39,730 --> 00:18:43,590
871
+ lateral branch of internal carotid artery ุจุบุฒ ุน
872
+
873
+ 219
874
+ 00:18:43,590 --> 00:18:46,650
875
+ ุงู„ุณู„ูŠู„ู‡ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ุงู„ middle cerebral artery ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุงุฌูŠ
876
+
877
+ 220
878
+ 00:18:46,650 --> 00:18:51,980
879
+ ุณุคุงู„ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ largestุŸ ุงูƒุจุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏููŠ branches of
880
+
881
+ 221
882
+ 00:18:51,980 --> 00:18:55,460
883
+ internal carotid artery ุงูƒูŠุฏ ุฑุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† middle
884
+
885
+ 222
886
+ 00:18:55,460 --> 00:18:59,740
887
+ cerebral artery ูˆ ุงูƒุชุฑ ุดุฑูŠุงู† ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ ุงู„ brain ู‡ูˆ
888
+
889
+ 223
890
+ 00:18:59,740 --> 00:19:09,080
891
+ middle cerebral artery middle cerebral artery ู‡ู†ุง
892
+
893
+ 224
894
+ 00:19:09,080 --> 00:19:16,800
895
+ ุงู† ุงู„ internal carotid artery ุงุนุทุงู†ุง
896
+
897
+ 225
898
+ 00:19:16,800 --> 00:19:17,520
899
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
900
+
901
+ 226
902
+ 00:19:20,360 --> 00:19:23,780
903
+ ุงู†ุง ูˆุงุถุญ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูˆ ูƒูˆู…ูŠูˆู†ูŠูƒุงุชู†ุฌ ูˆูˆุงุถุญ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
904
+
905
+ 227
906
+ 00:19:23,780 --> 00:19:29,840
907
+ middle cerebral artery ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ู„ุงุชุฑุงู„ ูˆูˆุงุถุญ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงูŠู‡
908
+
909
+ 228
910
+ 00:19:29,840 --> 00:19:34,940
911
+ anterior cerebral artery medial ูููŠ ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฑุงุญ
912
+
913
+ 229
914
+ 00:19:34,940 --> 00:19:44,760
915
+ ู†ุดูˆูู‡ู… ุฃูุถู„ ูˆู†ุฑุณู… ูƒู„ ุดุฑูŠุงู† ู„ูˆุงุญุฏู‡ ู†ุจุฏุฃ
916
+
917
+ 230
918
+ 00:19:44,760 --> 00:19:52,380
919
+ ุจ of Thalmicbranch ุฃูˆ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ
920
+
921
+ 231
922
+ 00:19:52,380 --> 00:19:52,820
923
+ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ
924
+
925
+ 232
926
+ 00:19:52,820 --> 00:19:57,560
927
+ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ
928
+
929
+ 233
930
+ 00:19:57,560 --> 00:19:59,700
931
+ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ
932
+
933
+ 234
934
+ 00:19:59,700 --> 00:19:59,840
935
+ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ
936
+
937
+ 235
938
+ 00:19:59,840 --> 00:20:04,860
939
+ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ
940
+
941
+ 236
942
+ 00:20:04,860 --> 00:20:14,840
943
+ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…ูƒ ุงูุซุงู„ู…
944
+
945
+ 237
946
+ 00:20:15,030 --> 00:20:20,090
947
+ ุจุบุฏ ุงู„ orbit contents and it gives central retinal
948
+
949
+ 238
950
+ 00:20:20,090 --> 00:20:23,710
951
+ artery ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ central retinal artery ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ููŠู‡
952
+
953
+ 239
954
+ 00:20:23,710 --> 00:20:27,390
955
+ occlusion ุงูˆ ุงู†ุณุฏุงุฏ ุงุซู†ุงุก ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุคุฏูŠ
956
+
957
+ 240
958
+ 00:20:27,390 --> 00:20:31,830
959
+ ุงู„ู‰ ipsy lateral blindness ูˆุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูŠูู‚ุฏ ุงู„ู†ุธุฑ ุนู„ู‰
960
+
961
+ 241
962
+ 00:20:31,830 --> 00:20:41,230
963
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุงู† ุงู„ internal carotid artery ุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู†ู‡
964
+
965
+ 242
966
+ 00:20:41,230 --> 00:20:47,500
967
+ branch ุงุณู…ู‡ูˆPhthalmic artery which supply the
968
+
969
+ 243
970
+ 00:20:47,500 --> 00:20:56,560
971
+ orbit content and it givesCentral Retinal Artery
972
+
973
+ 244
974
+ 00:20:56,560 --> 00:21:01,420
975
+ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ Central Retinal Artery ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุฃูˆู„ ูุฑุน ู„ู€
976
+
977
+ 245
978
+ 00:21:01,420 --> 00:21:05,120
979
+ Internal Carotid Artery ุงุณู…ู‡ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ Ophthalmic
980
+
981
+ 246
982
+ 00:21:05,120 --> 00:21:08,140
983
+ Artery Ophthalmic Artery ูŠุจู‚ู‰ Ophthalmic Artery
984
+
985
+ 247
986
+ 00:21:08,140 --> 00:21:13,500
987
+ supply the orbit content and it gives Central
988
+
989
+ 248
990
+ 00:21:13,500 --> 00:21:16,900
991
+ Retinal Artery ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุดุฑูŠุงู† ุงู„ุดุจูƒูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ
992
+
993
+ 249
994
+ 00:21:19,880 --> 00:21:24,420
995
+ ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ุฃูˆู„ ูุฑุน ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃูุฑุน ุชุจุนุงุช ุงู„ุดุฑูŠุงู† ุงู„ุณุจุงุชูŠ
996
+
997
+ 250
998
+ 00:21:24,420 --> 00:21:28,780
999
+ ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Internal Carotid Artery ู†ู†ุชุฌ ุฅู„ู‰
1000
+
1001
+ 251
1002
+ 00:21:28,780 --> 00:21:36,460
1003
+ ุงู„ุดุฑูŠุงู† ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ Posterior Communicating Artery ู…ูŠู†
1004
+
1005
+ 252
1006
+ 00:21:36,460 --> 00:21:41,320
1007
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ุŸ Posterior ู…ุชุฌู‡ ุฅู„ู‰ Posterior Cerebral Artery
1008
+
1009
+ 253
1010
+ 00:21:41,320 --> 00:21:43,640
1011
+ ู„ุณู‡ ู…ุงุงุฎุฏู†ุงู‡ูˆุด ุฑุงุญ ู†ุงุฎุฏู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู†
1012
+
1013
+ 254
1014
+ 00:21:43,640 --> 00:21:46,520
1015
+ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุจุฑุงู†ุด ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ A-Vertebral
1016
+
1017
+ 255
1018
+ 00:21:46,520 --> 00:21:51,540
1019
+ Basilar ArteryุจุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู…ุชุฌู‡ ุฅู„ู‰ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ุจุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ
1020
+
1021
+ 256
1022
+ 00:21:51,540 --> 00:21:56,760
1023
+ ุณุฑูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุขุฑุชูŠ communicating ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ูˆุตู„
1024
+
1025
+ 257
1026
+ 00:21:56,760 --> 00:22:01,460
1027
+ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ internal carotid artery and posterior
1028
+
1029
+ 258
1030
+ 00:22:01,460 --> 00:22:04,480
1031
+ cerebral artery ูˆุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุงู†
1032
+
1033
+ 259
1034
+ 00:22:04,480 --> 00:22:08,700
1035
+ ุงู„ุจุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ุณุฑูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุขุฑุชูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ branch ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู†
1036
+
1037
+ 260
1038
+ 00:22:08,700 --> 00:22:12,960
1039
+ ุงู„ vertebro basilar artery ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุฏูŠ the main
1040
+
1041
+ 261
1042
+ 00:22:12,960 --> 00:22:21,010
1043
+ function ofPosterior Communicating Artery is
1044
+
1045
+ 262
1046
+ 00:22:21,010 --> 00:22:27,810
1047
+ connection between the internal carotid artery
1048
+
1049
+ 263
1050
+ 00:22:27,810 --> 00:22:32,230
1051
+ with posterior
1052
+
1053
+ 264
1054
+ 00:22:32,230 --> 00:22:36,170
1055
+ cerebral artery ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ู‚ู„ู†ุง Right Posterior
1056
+
1057
+ 265
1058
+ 00:22:36,170 --> 00:22:41,210
1059
+ Communicating Artery ุจุฑุจุท ุจูŠู† Right Internal
1060
+
1061
+ 266
1062
+ 00:22:41,210 --> 00:22:49,550
1063
+ Carotid Arteryู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน Right Posterior Cerebral
1064
+
1065
+ 267
1066
+ 00:22:49,550 --> 00:22:59,030
1067
+ Artery Right Posterior
1068
+
1069
+ 268
1070
+ 00:22:59,030 --> 00:23:03,670
1071
+ Cerebral Artery ูˆู‡ูŠ Right Internal Carotid Artery
1072
+
1073
+ 269
1074
+ 00:23:03,670 --> 00:23:08,170
1075
+ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดุฑูŠุงู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุจุทู‡ ู…ุน ุจุนุถุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุงุณู…ู‡ุŸ
1076
+
1077
+ 270
1078
+ 00:23:12,170 --> 00:23:24,090
1079
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ posterior communicating
1080
+
1081
+ 271
1082
+ 00:23:24,090 --> 00:23:27,630
1083
+ artery
1084
+
1085
+ 272
1086
+ 00:23:28,080 --> 00:23:32,380
1087
+ ุจุนู…ู„ connections ู…ุง ุจูŠู† right internal carotid
1088
+
1089
+ 273
1090
+ 00:23:32,380 --> 00:23:45,620
1091
+ artery ู…ุน right posterior
1092
+
1093
+ 274
1094
+ 00:23:45,620 --> 00:23:51,290
1095
+ cerebral artery ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจู„ุบุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉmake connections
1096
+
1097
+ 275
1098
+ 00:23:51,290 --> 00:23:56,030
1099
+ between the carotid system with vertebral basilar
1100
+
1101
+ 276
1102
+ 00:23:56,030 --> 00:23:58,890
1103
+ system ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ connection ุจูŠู† ุงู„ internal
1104
+
1105
+ 277
1106
+ 00:23:58,890 --> 00:24:03,170
1107
+ carotid system ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน vertebral basilar system
1108
+
1109
+ 278
1110
+ 00:24:03,170 --> 00:24:10,050
1111
+ to establish ุนุดุงู† ูŠูƒูˆู†ู„ู†ุง ุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡ circle of
1112
+
1113
+ 279
1114
+ 00:24:10,050 --> 00:24:13,810
1115
+ wheels circle of wheels ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„
1116
+
1117
+ 280
1118
+ 00:24:13,810 --> 00:24:18,200
1119
+ circle of wheels ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงูŠู‡ุŸPosterior
1120
+
1121
+ 281
1122
+ 00:24:18,200 --> 00:24:21,560
1123
+ communicating artery ู…ุน ุดุฑุงูŠูŠู† ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชุทุฑู‚ู„ู‡ู…
1124
+
1125
+ 282
1126
+ 00:24:21,560 --> 00:24:27,180
1127
+ ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ Also it supplies ุบูŠุฑ ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ main
1128
+
1129
+ 283
1130
+ 00:24:27,180 --> 00:24:30,460
1131
+ function ู„ูˆ ุณุฃู„ูƒูˆุง ุณุคุงู„ what's the main function
1132
+
1133
+ 284
1134
+ 00:24:30,460 --> 00:24:34,980
1135
+ of posterior communicating artery the main
1136
+
1137
+ 285
1138
+ 00:24:34,980 --> 00:24:38,800
1139
+ function of posterior communicating artery is
1140
+
1141
+ 286
1142
+ 00:24:39,800 --> 00:24:45,140
1143
+ connection between the internal carotid artery
1144
+
1145
+ 287
1146
+ 00:24:45,140 --> 00:24:49,980
1147
+ with posterior cerebral artery to establish ุนุดุงู†
1148
+
1149
+ 288
1150
+ 00:24:49,980 --> 00:24:56,100
1151
+ ูŠูƒูˆู†ู†ุง circle ovals ู‡ู„ ููŠ ูˆุธุงุฆู ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ู†ุนู… also its
1152
+
1153
+ 289
1154
+ 00:24:56,100 --> 00:25:02,360
1155
+ supply optic tractLateral Geniculate Body ูˆMedial
1156
+
1157
+ 290
1158
+ 00:25:02,360 --> 00:25:05,380
1159
+ Service of Thalamus ุฃุฎุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ Thalamus ุชุงุจุน ู„ู„ู€
1160
+
1161
+ 291
1162
+ 00:25:05,380 --> 00:25:08,520
1163
+ Diencephalon ูˆ ุฃุฎุฏู†ุง ุงู„ Lateral Geniculate Body
1164
+
1165
+ 292
1166
+ 00:25:08,520 --> 00:25:11,280
1167
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ Vision ุชุงุจุน ู„ู„ู€ Metathalamus ู…ู†
1168
+
1169
+ 293
1170
+ 00:25:11,280 --> 00:25:14,820
1171
+ ุงู„ู€ Diencephalon ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Optic Tract ู‡ูˆ ุชุงุจุน ู„ู„ู€
1172
+
1173
+ 294
1174
+ 00:25:14,820 --> 00:25:17,720
1175
+ Vision ู„ู…ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ cranial nerves ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡
1176
+
1177
+ 295
1178
+ 00:25:17,720 --> 00:25:21,700
1179
+ ุฑุงุญ ุฃุดุฑุญู‡ู… ุดุฑูŠุงู† ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ
1180
+
1181
+ 296
1182
+ 00:25:27,100 --> 00:25:36,020
1183
+ Anterior Coroidal Artery ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ
1184
+
1185
+ 297
1186
+ 00:25:36,020 --> 00:25:41,060
1187
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Internal Carotid ArteryูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃูˆู„ branch ู‚ู„ู†ุง
1188
+
1189
+ 298
1190
+ 00:25:41,060 --> 00:25:43,740
1191
+ ophthalmic branch ุชุงู†ูŠ branch posterior
1192
+
1193
+ 299
1194
+ 00:25:43,740 --> 00:25:48,000
1195
+ communicating branch ุซุงู„ุซ branch anterior coroidal
1196
+
1197
+ 300
1198
+ 00:25:48,000 --> 00:25:53,560
1199
+ artery ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌุŸ just before the origin of the
1200
+
1201
+ 301
1202
+ 00:25:53,560 --> 00:25:57,540
1203
+ anterior and middle cerebral artery ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ูŠุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„
1204
+
1205
+ 302
1206
+ 00:25:57,540 --> 00:26:01,680
1207
+ anterior ูˆ ุงู„ middle cerebral artery ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุฅูŠู‡
1208
+
1209
+ 303
1210
+ 00:26:01,680 --> 00:26:06,540
1211
+ ุดุฑูŠุงู† ุงุณู…ู‡ anterior coroidal artery ู„ูˆ ุณุฃู„ุชูƒ ุณุคุงู„
1212
+
1213
+ 304
1214
+ 00:26:06,540 --> 00:26:13,650
1215
+ what's the main functionู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฑู‚ู… ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ู„ู„ุฃุฑุถ
1216
+
1217
+ 305
1218
+ 00:26:13,650 --> 00:26:20,650
1219
+ ุงู„ูƒุฑูˆูŠุถูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุฃู†ู‡ุง
1220
+
1221
+ 306
1222
+ 00:26:20,650 --> 00:26:30,410
1223
+ ุชุฏูุนThe choroidal plexus of the lateral and third
1224
+
1225
+ 307
1226
+ 00:26:30,410 --> 00:26:35,630
1227
+ ventricle ูŠู‚ู† main function supply the choroidal
1228
+
1229
+ 308
1230
+ 00:26:35,630 --> 00:26:39,830
1231
+ plexus of the lateral and third ventricle Also it
1232
+
1233
+ 309
1234
+ 00:26:39,830 --> 00:26:44,210
1235
+ supply optic tract, optic chiasm, lateral
1236
+
1237
+ 310
1238
+ 00:26:44,210 --> 00:26:48,090
1239
+ geniculate body and other structures ุฃู†ุง ุฃุฎุฏุช ุงู„
1240
+
1241
+ 311
1242
+ 00:26:48,090 --> 00:26:52,570
1243
+ main here ุงู„ main structures ูŠู‚ู†ู‡ูŠู„ุญุธูˆุง ุงู„ู€ optic
1244
+
1245
+ 312
1246
+ 00:26:52,570 --> 00:26:56,250
1247
+ extract ุฃุฎุฏ blood supply ู…ู† posterior
1248
+
1249
+ 313
1250
+ 00:26:56,250 --> 00:26:59,110
1251
+ communicating artery ูˆ ุฃุฎุฏ blood supply ู…ู† a
1252
+
1253
+ 314
1254
+ 00:26:59,110 --> 00:27:07,750
1255
+ anterior choroidal artery ู‡ุง
1256
+
1257
+ 315
1258
+ 00:27:07,750 --> 00:27:15,530
1259
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฃู†ุง internal
1260
+
1261
+ 316
1262
+ 00:27:15,530 --> 00:27:33,250
1263
+ carotid artery ุจุงู„ู„ูˆู† ุฃุณูˆุฏู†ุงุฎุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ ุงูุฑุน ุงูุฑุน
1264
+
1265
+ 317
1266
+ 00:27:33,250 --> 00:27:38,010
1267
+ ุงูุฑุน ุงูุฑุน ุงูุฑุน ุงูุฑุน ุงูุฑุน ุงูุฑุน
1268
+
1269
+ 318
1270
+ 00:27:38,010 --> 00:27:46,630
1271
+ ุงูุฑุน
1272
+
1273
+ 319
1274
+ 00:27:46,630 --> 00:27:55,180
1275
+ ุงูุฑุนุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆุฑ ูƒุฑูˆูŠุฏูŠุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆุฑ ูƒุฑูˆูŠุฏูŠุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ
1276
+
1277
+ 320
1278
+ 00:27:55,180 --> 00:27:59,100
1279
+ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆุฑ
1280
+
1281
+ 321
1282
+ 00:27:59,100 --> 00:27:59,400
1283
+ ูƒุฑูˆูŠุฏูŠุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆุฑ ูƒุฑูˆูŠุฏูŠุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆุฑ
1284
+
1285
+ 322
1286
+ 00:27:59,400 --> 00:27:59,480
1287
+ ูƒุฑูˆูŠุฏูŠุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆุฑ ูƒุฑูˆูŠุฏูŠุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆุฑ
1288
+
1289
+ 323
1290
+ 00:27:59,480 --> 00:27:59,540
1291
+ ูƒุฑูˆูŠุฏูŠุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆุฑ ูƒุฑูˆูŠุฏูŠุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆุฑ
1292
+
1293
+ 324
1294
+ 00:27:59,540 --> 00:27:59,540
1295
+ ูƒุฑูˆูŠุฏูŠุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆุฑ ูƒุฑูˆูŠุฏูŠุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆุฑ
1296
+
1297
+ 325
1298
+ 00:27:59,540 --> 00:27:59,840
1299
+ ูƒุฑูˆูŠุฏูŠุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆุฑ ูƒุฑูˆูˆุฏูŠุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆุฑ
1300
+
1301
+ 326
1302
+ 00:27:59,840 --> 00:28:00,480
1303
+ ูƒุฑูˆูˆุฏูŠุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆุฑ ูƒุฑูˆูˆุฏูŠุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆุฑ
1304
+
1305
+ 327
1306
+ 00:28:00,480 --> 00:28:03,520
1307
+ ูƒุฑูˆูˆุฏูŠุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆุฑ
1308
+
1309
+ 328
1310
+ 00:28:03,520 --> 00:28:11,220
1311
+ ูƒุฑูˆูˆุฏูŠุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆุฑ ูƒุฑูˆูˆุฏูŠุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆุฑ
1312
+
1313
+ 329
1314
+ 00:28:11,220 --> 00:28:17,240
1315
+ ูƒุฑูˆูˆุฏูŠุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆุฑ ูƒุฑูˆูˆุฏูˆ large ูƒู…ุงู† ุฃูˆ
1316
+
1317
+ 330
1318
+ 00:28:17,240 --> 00:28:25,340
1319
+ largest branch ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ middle cerebral
1320
+
1321
+ 331
1322
+ 00:28:25,340 --> 00:28:25,820
1323
+ artery
1324
+
1325
+ 332
1326
+ 00:28:31,470 --> 00:28:38,910
1327
+ ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ anterior cerebral artery ุงู„ anterior
1328
+
1329
+ 333
1330
+ 00:28:38,910 --> 00:28:43,910
1331
+ cerebral artery ูŠุนุชุจุฑ medial branch ูˆ ุงู„ middle
1332
+
1333
+ 334
1334
+ 00:28:43,910 --> 00:28:46,990
1335
+ cerebral artery ูŠุนุชุจุฑ lateral branch
1336
+
1337
+ 335
1338
+ 00:28:58,340 --> 00:29:04,940
1339
+ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ ุณูŠุฑูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ ุณูŠุฑูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ
1340
+
1341
+ 336
1342
+ 00:29:04,940 --> 00:29:10,260
1343
+ ุณูŠุฑูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ
1344
+
1345
+ 337
1346
+ 00:29:10,260 --> 00:29:10,260
1347
+ ุณูŠุฑูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ ุณูŠุฑูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ
1348
+
1349
+ 338
1350
+ 00:29:10,260 --> 00:29:10,260
1351
+ ุณูŠุฑูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ ุณูŠุฑูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ
1352
+
1353
+ 339
1354
+ 00:29:10,260 --> 00:29:10,260
1355
+ ุณูŠุฑูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ ุณูŠุฑูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ
1356
+
1357
+ 340
1358
+ 00:29:10,260 --> 00:29:10,940
1359
+ ุณูŠุฑูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ ุณูŠุฑูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ
1360
+
1361
+ 341
1362
+ 00:29:10,940 --> 00:29:10,940
1363
+ ุณูŠุฑูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ ุณูŠุฑูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ
1364
+
1365
+ 342
1366
+ 00:29:10,940 --> 00:29:14,760
1367
+ ุณูŠุฑูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ ุณูŠุฑูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ
1368
+
1369
+ 343
1370
+ 00:29:14,760 --> 00:29:22,680
1371
+ ุณูŠุฑูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ ุณูŠุฑูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ
1372
+
1373
+ 344
1374
+ 00:29:22,680 --> 00:29:29,410
1375
+ ุณูŠุฑูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ ุณูŠุฑูŠit becomes joined to
1376
+
1377
+ 345
1378
+ 00:29:29,410 --> 00:29:34,170
1379
+ other anterior cerebral artery of the opposite
1380
+
1381
+ 346
1382
+ 00:29:34,170 --> 00:29:39,650
1383
+ side by anterior communicating artery ูˆ ุงู„ right ูˆ
1384
+
1385
+ 347
1386
+ 00:29:39,650 --> 00:29:45,430
1387
+ ุงู„ left anterior cerebral artery ููŠ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ูˆุตู„ุฉ
1388
+
1389
+ 348
1390
+ 00:29:47,740 --> 00:29:53,140
1391
+ left anterior cerebral artery ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ right
1392
+
1393
+ 349
1394
+ 00:29:53,140 --> 00:29:57,900
1395
+ anterior cerebral artery ูˆู‡ูŠ left anterior
1396
+
1397
+ 350
1398
+ 00:29:57,900 --> 00:30:04,380
1399
+ cerebral artery ูˆู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ
1400
+
1401
+ 351
1402
+ 00:30:04,380 --> 00:30:08,680
1403
+ right anterior
1404
+
1405
+ 352
1406
+ 00:30:08,680 --> 00:30:13,300
1407
+ cerebral artery ููŠ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ูˆุตู„ุฉ ุงูˆ connection ู‡ู†ุง
1408
+
1409
+ 353
1410
+ 00:30:18,030 --> 00:30:24,750
1411
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง anterior communicating artery ู„ูˆ ุณุฃู„ุชูƒูˆุง
1412
+
1413
+ 354
1414
+ 00:30:24,750 --> 00:30:30,470
1415
+ ุณุคุงู„ูƒู… anterior communicating arteryุŸ one ุฑุญ ูŠูƒูˆู†
1416
+
1417
+ 355
1418
+ 00:30:30,470 --> 00:30:34,890
1419
+ ูƒุงู…ุŸ one ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู† ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ connection ุจูŠู† ุงู„
1420
+
1421
+ 356
1422
+ 00:30:34,890 --> 00:30:38,470
1423
+ right ูˆ ุงู„ left right ูˆ left anterior cerebral
1424
+
1425
+ 357
1426
+ 00:30:38,470 --> 00:30:41,050
1427
+ artery ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ anterior communicating artery
1428
+
1429
+ 358
1430
+ 00:30:41,050 --> 00:30:45,250
1431
+ ูŠุนู…ู„ connection between right and left anterior
1432
+
1433
+ 359
1434
+ 00:30:45,250 --> 00:30:49,970
1435
+ cerebral arteries ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ anterior cerebral artery
1436
+
1437
+ 360
1438
+ 00:30:49,970 --> 00:30:56,140
1439
+ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† medial ูˆู„ุง lateralุŸ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† medialุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด
1440
+
1441
+ 361
1442
+ 00:30:56,140 --> 00:31:02,800
1443
+ ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด
1444
+
1445
+ 362
1446
+ 00:31:02,800 --> 00:31:07,180
1447
+ ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด
1448
+
1449
+ 363
1450
+ 00:31:07,180 --> 00:31:09,660
1451
+ ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด
1452
+
1453
+ 364
1454
+ 00:31:09,660 --> 00:31:13,460
1455
+ ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด
1456
+
1457
+ 365
1458
+ 00:31:13,460 --> 00:31:17,100
1459
+ ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด
1460
+
1461
+ 366
1462
+ 00:31:17,100 --> 00:31:20,000
1463
+ ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด
1464
+
1465
+ 367
1466
+ 00:31:20,000 --> 00:31:23,920
1467
+ ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด
1468
+
1469
+ 368
1470
+ 00:31:23,920 --> 00:31:24,160
1471
+ ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด
1472
+
1473
+ 369
1474
+ 00:31:24,160 --> 00:31:24,160
1475
+ ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุด
1476
+
1477
+ 370
1478
+ 00:31:24,160 --> 00:31:28,960
1479
+ ุงู„ุจุฑุงู†ุดูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ู€ Anticerebral artery supply media
1480
+
1481
+ 371
1482
+ 00:31:28,960 --> 00:31:34,500
1483
+ service of cerebral hemispherefrom frontal pole ู…ู†
1484
+
1485
+ 372
1486
+ 00:31:34,500 --> 00:31:38,960
1487
+ ุงู„ู‚ุทุจ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู…ูŠ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ู€ parietal occipital sulcus
1488
+
1489
+ 373
1490
+ 00:31:38,960 --> 00:31:41,920
1491
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ occipital ุงู„ู„ูˆุจ ู…ุงู„ู‡ุงุด ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€
1492
+
1493
+ 374
1494
+ 00:31:41,920 --> 00:31:45,000
1495
+ anterior cerebral ุฑุงุญ ุชุบู†ูˆูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ posterior
1496
+
1497
+ 375
1498
+ 00:31:45,000 --> 00:31:48,100
1499
+ cerebral ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูˆ main function ูŠู‚ุฏู‘ูŠ medial
1500
+
1501
+ 376
1502
+ 00:31:48,100 --> 00:31:52,800
1503
+ service of cerebral hemisphere ุฃูŠ ุฌุฒุก ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู„ ู…ู†
1504
+
1505
+ 377
1506
+ 00:31:52,800 --> 00:31:57,500
1507
+ ุงู„ู‚ุทุจ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู…ูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ parietal occipital sulcus ู„ุญุฏ
1508
+
1509
+ 378
1510
+ 00:31:57,500 --> 00:32:00,480
1511
+ ุงู„ุจุฑุงูŠุชู„ุŒ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจุฑุงูŠุชู„ ุชุบู†ูˆูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ anterior
1512
+
1513
+ 379
1514
+ 00:32:00,480 --> 00:32:08,900
1515
+ cerebral arteryุบูŠุฑ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ medial one
1516
+
1517
+ 380
1518
+ 00:32:08,900 --> 00:32:13,540
1519
+ third of the orbital surface of frontal lobe ูˆ
1520
+
1521
+ 381
1522
+ 00:32:13,540 --> 00:32:16,720
1523
+ ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ medial one third of orbital surface of
1524
+
1525
+ 382
1526
+ 00:32:16,720 --> 00:32:19,340
1527
+ frontal lobe ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุงุญู†ุง ุณู…ู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ branch ุงูŠู‡
1528
+
1529
+ 383
1530
+ 00:32:19,340 --> 00:32:24,840
1531
+ ุณู…ู†ุงู‡ุŸ medial branch ุบูŠุฑ ู‡ูŠูƒุจูŠุบุฏู‰ superior lateral
1532
+
1533
+ 384
1534
+ 00:32:24,840 --> 00:32:28,700
1535
+ service of cerebral hemisphere ู…ุงุนุฏู‰ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ู€
1536
+
1537
+ 385
1538
+ 00:32:28,700 --> 00:32:32,280
1539
+ occipital ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† posterior cerebral
1540
+
1541
+ 386
1542
+ 00:32:32,280 --> 00:32:37,340
1543
+ ุงุฑุถ ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ corpus callosum head of caudate nucleus
1544
+
1545
+ 387
1546
+ 00:32:37,340 --> 00:32:42,260
1547
+ anterior limb of internal capsule ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ู‡ุงู† ูŠุง
1548
+
1549
+ 388
1550
+ 00:32:42,260 --> 00:32:49,160
1551
+ ุฌู…ุงุนุฉ ุงูŠุด ู‚ู„ู†ุงู‡ุงุŸ ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ superior lateralservice of
1552
+
1553
+ 389
1554
+ 00:32:49,160 --> 00:32:53,980
1555
+ cerebral hemisphere ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุฌู„ูˆุจ
1556
+
1557
+ 390
1558
+ 00:32:53,980 --> 00:33:10,240
1559
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
1560
+
1561
+ 391
1562
+ 00:33:10,240 --> 00:33:15,140
1563
+ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ู…ุฌู„ูˆุจ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ุงู„ head ุชุญุชูˆ ุงู„ upper
1564
+
1565
+ 392
1566
+ 00:33:15,140 --> 00:33:18,520
1567
+ limbs ููˆู‚ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ upper limbs ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
1568
+
1569
+ 393
1570
+ 00:33:18,520 --> 00:33:22,180
1571
+ ููŠ ุงู„ superior lateral surface ุจุชูƒูˆู† ููŠ ู‚ุดุฑุฉ
1572
+
1573
+ 394
1574
+ 00:33:22,180 --> 00:33:26,440
1575
+ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ู…ูŠู† ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ blood supply the area of
1576
+
1577
+ 395
1578
+ 00:33:26,440 --> 00:33:30,700
1579
+ lower limbs ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ anterior cerebral artery ููŠ
1580
+
1581
+ 396
1582
+ 00:33:30,700 --> 00:33:35,920
1583
+ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ anterior cerebral artery supplies the
1584
+
1585
+ 397
1586
+ 00:33:35,920 --> 00:33:40,400
1587
+ motor and sensory area of the lower limbs ู„ูˆ ุญุตู„
1588
+
1589
+ 398
1590
+ 00:33:40,400 --> 00:33:45,030
1591
+ ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ anterior cerebral arteryุฑุงุญ
1592
+
1593
+ 399
1594
+ 00:33:45,030 --> 00:33:48,190
1595
+ ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ Contralateral Hemiplegia ุดู„ู„ ู†ุตููŠ
1596
+
1597
+ 400
1598
+ 00:33:48,190 --> 00:33:54,090
1599
+ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุจู„ุฉ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ deficit ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ูˆ ุงู„ุดู„ู„
1600
+
1601
+ 401
1602
+ 00:33:54,090 --> 00:33:57,190
1603
+ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ูˆูŠู‡ุŸ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ lower limbs ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ lower
1604
+
1605
+ 402
1606
+ 00:33:57,190 --> 00:33:59,730
1607
+ limbs ุงุชุฃุซุฑุช ูˆูŠู† ู…ุง ูƒุงู†ู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ุงู„ lower
1608
+
1609
+ 403
1610
+ 00:33:59,730 --> 00:34:03,550
1611
+ limbsุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ superior lateral surface ุทุจ ุงู„ face ูˆ
1612
+
1613
+ 404
1614
+ 00:34:03,550 --> 00:34:06,570
1615
+ ุงู„ head ูˆ ุงู„ุฅู„ุณุงู† ูˆูŠู† ู…ุง ูƒุงู†ู‡ู…ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ inferior
1616
+
1617
+ 405
1618
+ 00:34:07,780 --> 00:34:10,740
1619
+ LateralุŒ ุทุจ ูˆ ุงู„ upper limbs ูˆูŠู† ู…ูƒุงู†ู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบุŸ
1620
+
1621
+ 406
1622
+ 00:34:10,740 --> 00:34:13,680
1623
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ middle frontal ุฅุฐุง ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุฅูŠุด
1624
+
1625
+ 407
1626
+ 00:34:13,680 --> 00:34:17,520
1627
+ motor ุฃูˆ middle parietal ุฅุฐ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุฅูŠู‡ sensory
1628
+
1629
+ 408
1630
+ 00:34:17,520 --> 00:34:20,400
1631
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ area ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ lower limbs
1632
+
1633
+ 409
1634
+ 00:34:20,400 --> 00:34:24,180
1635
+ ุจูŠุบุถูŠู‡ุง anterior cerebral artery ูˆ ุงู„ area
1636
+
1637
+ 410
1638
+ 00:34:24,180 --> 00:34:27,620
1639
+ ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ upper limbs ูˆ ุงู„ face ูˆ ุงู„ head
1640
+
1641
+ 411
1642
+ 00:34:27,620 --> 00:34:31,300
1643
+ ุจูŠุบุถูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ middle cerebral artery
1644
+
1645
+ 412
1646
+ 00:34:40,750 --> 00:34:48,210
1647
+ ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู†ูˆุถุญ ููŠู‡ุง anterior cerebral artery
1648
+
1649
+ 413
1650
+ 00:34:48,210 --> 00:34:55,630
1651
+ anterior cerebral artery ู‡ุฐู‡ anterior cerebral
1652
+
1653
+ 414
1654
+ 00:34:55,630 --> 00:34:58,810
1655
+ artery ุจูŠูƒูˆู† medial ุจุบุถ ุงู„ medial surface of
1656
+
1657
+ 415
1658
+ 00:34:58,810 --> 00:35:05,080
1659
+ cerebral hemisphere ู„ุญุฏ ูˆูŠู†ุŸุงู„ุจุฑุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ occipital
1660
+
1661
+ 416
1662
+ 00:35:05,080 --> 00:35:08,740
1663
+ sulcus ุงู„ุจุฑุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ occipital sulcus ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฎู„ููŠ
1664
+
1665
+ 417
1666
+ 00:35:08,740 --> 00:35:12,380
1667
+ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ occipital area ุจุชุฃุฎุฏ blood supply ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
1668
+
1669
+ 418
1670
+ 00:35:12,380 --> 00:35:16,480
1671
+ ู…ู† posterior cerebral artery ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† posterior
1672
+
1673
+ 419
1674
+ 00:35:16,480 --> 00:35:22,160
1675
+ cerebral artery ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฃุฎุฏ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุบุฏู‰ ุงู„
1676
+
1677
+ 420
1678
+ 00:35:22,160 --> 00:35:27,340
1679
+ medial ู‡ุฐุง ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† anterior cerebral artery
1680
+
1681
+ 421
1682
+ 00:35:42,080 --> 00:35:49,460
1683
+ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ุง ู‡ุงูŠ left anterior
1684
+
1685
+ 422
1686
+ 00:35:49,460 --> 00:35:54,300
1687
+ cerebral artery ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงูŠู‡ right anterior cerebral
1688
+
1689
+ 423
1690
+ 00:35:54,300 --> 00:35:58,140
1691
+ artery ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… connection ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุงู„ connection ู‡ุง ุฏูŠ
1692
+
1693
+ 424
1694
+ 00:35:58,140 --> 00:36:02,760
1695
+ anterior communicating
1696
+
1697
+ 425
1698
+ 00:36:02,760 --> 00:36:03,280
1699
+ artery
1700
+
1701
+ 426
1702
+ 00:36:08,820 --> 00:36:16,240
1703
+ Middle cerebral artery is the lateral branch of a
1704
+
1705
+ 427
1706
+ 00:36:16,240 --> 00:36:20,020
1707
+ internal carotid artery ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง two large
1708
+
1709
+ 428
1710
+ 00:36:20,020 --> 00:36:23,460
1711
+ branches ููŠู‡ medial branch large ู‡ูˆ anterior
1712
+
1713
+ 429
1714
+ 00:36:23,460 --> 00:36:27,240
1715
+ cerebral artery ูˆููŠู‡ lateral branch large ู‡ูˆ
1716
+
1717
+ 430
1718
+ 00:36:27,240 --> 00:36:29,500
1719
+ middle cerebral artery ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุณุฃู„ู†ุง ุณุคุงู„ ู…ู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„
1720
+
1721
+ 431
1722
+ 00:36:29,500 --> 00:36:34,260
1723
+ largest branch ู‡ูˆ middle cerebral arteryูˆู‡ูŠ ุจูŠููˆุช
1724
+
1725
+ 432
1726
+ 00:36:34,260 --> 00:36:37,060
1727
+ ููŠ lateral sulcus ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ lateral
1728
+
1729
+ 433
1730
+ 00:36:37,060 --> 00:36:43,680
1731
+ branch lateral branch ูˆุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง carotid branches
1732
+
1733
+ 434
1734
+ 00:36:43,680 --> 00:36:48,740
1735
+ and central branches ูˆ ุงู„ central branches ู†ูุณ
1736
+
1737
+ 435
1738
+ 00:36:48,740 --> 00:36:52,660
1739
+ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… striate branches ู„ุฃู†ู‡ู… ุจูŠุบุฏูˆุง ุงู„ุจูŠุฒุง
1740
+
1741
+ 436
1742
+ 00:36:52,660 --> 00:36:56,780
1743
+ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุนูŠ ุงู„ุงู†
1744
+
1745
+ 437
1746
+ 00:36:56,780 --> 00:37:00,720
1747
+ ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ cortical branches ุงู„ cortical branches
1748
+
1749
+ 438
1750
+ 00:37:00,720 --> 00:37:06,680
1751
+ ุจูŠุบุฏูˆุง ุฃูŠู‡ ุงู„ู‚ุดุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุงู† ุงู„ู€ anterior
1752
+
1753
+ 439
1754
+ 00:37:06,680 --> 00:37:10,660
1755
+ cerebral artery ุจูŠุบุฏูŠู†ุง ุงู„ superior lateral part
1756
+
1757
+ 440
1758
+ 00:37:10,660 --> 00:37:16,240
1759
+ ุทุจ ุงู„ middle cerebral artery ุจูŠุบุฏูŠ lateral two
1760
+
1761
+ 441
1762
+ 00:37:16,240 --> 00:37:21,400
1763
+ thirdof ุฃูˆ ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ู€ anterior cerebral artery
1764
+
1765
+ 442
1766
+ 00:37:21,400 --> 00:37:24,680
1767
+ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ ุงู„ media ุงู„ one third of orbital part
1768
+
1769
+ 443
1770
+ 00:37:24,680 --> 00:37:28,600
1771
+ of frontal lobe ุงู„ middle cerebral artery ุฑุงุญ ูŠุบุฏู‰
1772
+
1773
+ 444
1774
+ 00:37:28,600 --> 00:37:34,080
1775
+ lateral to third of the orbital part of frontal
1776
+
1777
+ 445
1778
+ 00:37:34,080 --> 00:37:40,100
1779
+ lobe ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ ุงู„ temporal pool ูˆ ุงู„ insula ุทูŠุจ ู‚ู„ู†ุง
1780
+
1781
+ 446
1782
+ 00:37:40,100 --> 00:37:43,740
1783
+ ุงู„ anterior cerebral artery ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ ุงู„ upper
1784
+
1785
+ 447
1786
+ 00:37:43,740 --> 00:37:49,680
1787
+ superior lateral partููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ middle
1788
+
1789
+ 448
1790
+ 00:37:49,680 --> 00:37:55,820
1791
+ cerebral artery ุจูŠุบุถูŠ most of the lateral cerebral
1792
+
1793
+ 449
1794
+ 00:37:55,820 --> 00:38:00,040
1795
+ hemisphere ุจูŠุบุถูŠ most of the lateral cerebral
1796
+
1797
+ 450
1798
+ 00:38:00,040 --> 00:38:05,460
1799
+ hemisphere ู…ุน ุฏู‡ except upper part ุงู„ upper part
1800
+
1801
+ 451
1802
+ 00:38:05,460 --> 00:38:08,520
1803
+ ุงู„ super lateral ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุจุงุฎุฏ ูˆูŠู† ุดุฑุญู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„
1804
+
1805
+ 452
1806
+ 00:38:08,520 --> 00:38:12,460
1807
+ anterior cerebral artery ุงู„ lower part ุชุจุน ุงู„
1808
+
1809
+ 453
1810
+ 00:38:12,460 --> 00:38:15,900
1811
+ timbral loop ุจุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ posterior cerebral artery
1812
+
1813
+ 454
1814
+ 00:38:16,790 --> 00:38:20,510
1815
+ ูˆุงู„ู€ occipital loop ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† posterior
1816
+
1817
+ 455
1818
+ 00:38:20,510 --> 00:38:23,630
1819
+ cerebral artery ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ middle cerebral artery
1820
+
1821
+ 456
1822
+ 00:38:23,630 --> 00:38:26,930
1823
+ ุจูŠุบุถูŠ ุฃู† ูƒู„ ุงู„ lateral surface of cerebral
1824
+
1825
+ 457
1826
+ 00:38:26,930 --> 00:38:30,690
1827
+ ุงู„ู‡ูŠู…ุณููŠุฑ ู…ุนุฏู‰ ุงู„ superior lateral ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุนู„ูˆูŠ
1828
+
1829
+ 458
1830
+ 00:38:30,690 --> 00:38:34,590
1831
+ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ anterior cerebral artery ุชู…ุงู… ูˆ ุงู„
1832
+
1833
+ 459
1834
+ 00:38:34,590 --> 00:38:38,130
1835
+ occipital loop ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ posterior cerebral
1836
+
1837
+ 460
1838
+ 00:38:38,130 --> 00:38:42,670
1839
+ artery ูˆ ุงู„ lower temporal loop ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู†
1840
+
1841
+ 461
1842
+ 00:38:42,670 --> 00:38:45,070
1843
+ posterior cerebral artery
1844
+
1845
+ 462
1846
+ 00:38:48,800 --> 00:38:52,200
1847
+ Central branches of the middle cerebral artery
1848
+
1849
+ 463
1850
+ 00:38:52,200 --> 00:38:56,780
1851
+ ุจูŠุบุฏูˆ ุจูŠุฒู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ Internal capsule ุฎุงุตุฉ ู„ู€
1852
+
1853
+ 464
1854
+ 00:38:56,780 --> 00:39:01,290
1855
+ posterior part of internal capsule ูˆุงู„ุฌูŠู†ูŠูˆone of
1856
+
1857
+ 465
1858
+ 00:39:01,290 --> 00:39:04,570
1859
+ these arteries is large ููŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุดุฑูŠุงู† ูƒุจูŠุฑ
1860
+
1861
+ 466
1862
+ 00:39:04,570 --> 00:39:09,350
1863
+ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดุฑูŠุงู† ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ artery of hemorrhage artery of
1864
+
1865
+ 467
1866
+ 00:39:09,350 --> 00:39:12,650
1867
+ cerebral hemorrhage ุงูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ ุชุดุงุฑูƒูˆุช ุงุฑุชุฑูŠู‡
1868
+
1869
+ 468
1870
+ 00:39:12,650 --> 00:39:15,790
1871
+ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุงุฎุฏู‡ ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ ุณู†ุฉ ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ู„ู…ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
1872
+
1873
+ 469
1874
+ 00:39:15,790 --> 00:39:19,230
1875
+ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ cerebral hemorrhage ุงูˆ ุงู„ู†ุฒูŠู ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบูŠ
1876
+
1877
+ 470
1878
+ 00:39:19,230 --> 00:39:24,510
1879
+ ุงู„ุดุฑูŠุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ูƒุซูŠุฑ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ ุญุงู„ุงุช ู†ุฒูŠู ูˆ ู„ูŠู‡ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ
1880
+
1881
+ 471
1882
+ 00:39:24,510 --> 00:39:29,510
1883
+ ููŠู‡ ู†ุฒูŠู ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ smooth muscle layer thin ูˆUnder
1884
+
1885
+ 472
1886
+ 00:39:29,510 --> 00:39:33,690
1887
+ high blood pressure ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ู„ู‡ ุฑุจุดุฑ ูˆุจูŠู‚ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู‰
1888
+
1889
+ 473
1890
+ 00:39:33,690 --> 00:39:42,030
1891
+ Intracerebral Hemorrhage ู‡ุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ middle cerebral
1892
+
1893
+ 474
1894
+ 00:39:42,030 --> 00:39:50,490
1895
+ artery ุชุนุชุจุฑ lateral branch Lateral Branch ู‡ุงูŠ
1896
+
1897
+ 475
1898
+ 00:39:50,490 --> 00:39:54,650
1899
+ ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุฃุฌุงู†ูˆูŠู† ููŠ lateral sulcus ุงูˆ lateral fissure
1900
+
1901
+ 476
1902
+ 00:39:54,650 --> 00:40:00,900
1903
+ ูˆุจูŠุบุถูŠ ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ูˆุณCerebral ู‡ูŠ ู…ุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ู…ุนุฏุฉ
1904
+
1905
+ 477
1906
+ 00:40:00,900 --> 00:40:07,660
1907
+ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุนู„ูˆูŠ ุชุฃุฎุฐ ู…ู† ุฃู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ ุณูŠุฑูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุขุฑุชุฑูŠ
1908
+
1909
+ 478
1910
+ 00:40:07,660 --> 00:40:13,760
1911
+ ุงู„ุฃูƒุณูŠุจูŠุชุงู„ ุชุฃุฎุฐ ู…ู† ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆ ุณูŠุฑูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุขุฑุชุฑูŠ
1912
+
1913
+ 479
1914
+ 00:40:13,760 --> 00:40:18,040
1915
+ ูˆุงู„ุฅู†ููŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ุณูŠุฑููŠุณ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ timber loop ุชุฃุฎุฐ ู…ู†
1916
+
1917
+ 480
1918
+ 00:40:18,040 --> 00:40:19,860
1919
+ ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆ ุณูŠุฑูŠุจุฑุงู„ ุขุฑุชุฑูŠ
1920
+
1921
+ 481
1922
+ 00:40:37,540 --> 00:40:41,640
1923
+ ู‡ูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ middle cerebral
1924
+
1925
+ 482
1926
+ 00:40:41,640 --> 00:40:46,180
1927
+ artery as lateral branch ุฅู„ู‡ cortical branches
1928
+
1929
+ 483
1930
+ 00:40:46,180 --> 00:40:50,560
1931
+ ูˆุฅู„ู‡ ุฅูŠู‡ ู‡ู†ุง ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… central branches ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู…
1932
+
1933
+ 484
1934
+ 00:40:50,560 --> 00:40:56,400
1935
+ ุฃุณุฑูŠุงุช ุงู„ branches
1936
+
1937
+ 485
1938
+ 00:40:56,400 --> 00:41:01,180
1939
+ ูˆุงุถุญ
1940
+
1941
+ 486
1942
+ 00:41:01,180 --> 00:41:05,040
1943
+ ุญู„ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ middle cerebral artery ุฅู„ู‡ lateral
1944
+
1945
+ 487
1946
+ 00:41:05,040 --> 00:41:10,830
1947
+ branchesูˆุงู„ูˆ central branches ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู…ุง striate
1948
+
1949
+ 488
1950
+ 00:41:10,830 --> 00:41:17,090
1951
+ arteries ููŠ ู…ู†ู‡ู… short striate artery ูˆุงุถุญูŠู† ู‡ู†ุง
1952
+
1953
+ 489
1954
+ 00:41:17,090 --> 00:41:22,070
1955
+ short striate arteries ูˆููŠ long striate arteries
1956
+
1957
+ 490
1958
+ 00:41:26,090 --> 00:41:28,990
1959
+ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ุดุฑุงูŠูŠู† ู„ุณุฑูŠุฉ ุงู„ุงุฑุชุฑูŠุฒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
1960
+
1961
+ 491
1962
+ 00:41:28,990 --> 00:41:33,050
1963
+ labelled to bleeding ูˆุงุณู…ู‡ artery of cerebral
1964
+
1965
+ 492
1966
+ 00:41:33,050 --> 00:41:37,510
1967
+ hemorrhage ุงูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ charcoal artery ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุงูƒุชุฑ
1968
+
1969
+ 493
1970
+ 00:41:37,510 --> 00:41:43,520
1971
+ ู…ูƒุงู† ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ููŠู‡ ู†ุฒูŠู ุฏู…ุงุบูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ basal nucleiู„ุญุฏ
1972
+
1973
+ 494
1974
+ 00:41:43,520 --> 00:41:47,420
1975
+ ุงู„ุขู† ุจู† .. ุจู† ุงูƒุชููŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉุŒ
1976
+
1977
+ 495
1978
+ 00:41:47,420 --> 00:41:50,240
1979
+ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰
1980
+
1981
+ 496
1982
+ 00:41:50,240 --> 00:41:54,700
1983
+ vertebral basilar system ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ diural venous
1984
+
1985
+ 497
1986
+ 00:41:54,700 --> 00:41:56,960
1987
+ drainageุŒ ูŠุนุทูŠูƒูˆุง ุงู„ุนุงููŠุฉ
1988
+
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/TA3oR4M8isw.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,1817 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:05,670 --> 00:00:09,390
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:09,390 --> 00:00:14,170
7
+ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุนุดุฑ ุฑุญ ุชูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:14,170 --> 00:00:17,190
11
+ anatomy and physiology of the motor system
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:17,190 --> 00:00:20,870
15
+ ุงู„motor system ู…ู‡ู… ู„ูƒู… ุฌุฏุง ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุฑุญ ูŠุชู… ุดุฑุญู‡ ููŠ
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:20,870 --> 00:00:24,030
19
+ ุฃุณุจูˆุนูŠู† ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ููŠ ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุนุดุฑ ูˆุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:24,030 --> 00:00:29,210
23
+ ููŠ ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ุนุดุฑ ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู€ motor system
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:29,210 --> 00:00:35,780
27
+ what's the components of the motor systemุŸ ู…ู† ุงูŠุด
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:35,780 --> 00:00:42,500
31
+ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€ motor systemุŸ ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠุก ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† cortical
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:42,500 --> 00:00:46,740
35
+ motor area cortical motor area ูŠุนู†ูŠ primary
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:46,740 --> 00:00:50,820
39
+ cortical motor area ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ pre central
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:50,820 --> 00:00:58,660
43
+ gyrus area 4 ูˆ secondary motor areaุŒ area ุฑู‚ู… 6
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:00:58,660 --> 00:01:04,180
47
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ frontal loop anterior to the precentral
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:04,180 --> 00:01:09,840
51
+ gyrus and cortical association area ุฏู„ูˆู‚ุชู ุดุฆ ุจู†ุชูƒู„ู…
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:09,840 --> 00:01:16,620
55
+ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ cortical motor area ุงุซู†ูŠู† Basal nuclei ุงู„ู„ูŠ
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:16,620 --> 00:01:20,860
59
+ ู‡ูˆ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ extrapyramidal nervous system ู…ุซู„ ุงู„
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:20,860 --> 00:01:26,670
63
+ caudate, putamen, globus pallidus, ูƒูˆุฏูŠุช ุฃู…ูŠุฌุฏุงู„ูˆูŠุฏ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:26,670 --> 00:01:34,490
67
+ ูˆ ูƒู„ูˆุณูˆุชุฑุŒ ุณูŠุฑูŠุจูŠู„ุงุŒ brain
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:34,490 --> 00:01:39,330
71
+ stemุŒ ุฌุฐุน ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบุŒ spinal cordุŒ ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ุฃุฌุฒุงุก
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:39,330 --> 00:01:43,330
75
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ุง ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ู€ motor ู„ูŠุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€ brain stem ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:43,330 --> 00:01:45,950
79
+ ูู‚ุท motor ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ sensor ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ุฃุฌุฒุงุก
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:45,950 --> 00:01:52,660
83
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุฎุต motor spinal cordุŒ peripheral motor fibers
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:01:52,660 --> 00:01:58,460
87
+ peripheral motor nerve fibersุŒ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ nerve ููŠู‡ sensory
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:01:58,460 --> 00:02:00,740
91
+ fibers ูˆููŠู‡ autonomic fibers ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:00,740 --> 00:02:04,800
95
+ motor fibersุŒ ุงู„ู€ neuromuscular junctionุŒ ุงู„
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:04,800 --> 00:02:08,920
99
+ neuromuscular junction and muscle and muscle
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:08,920 --> 00:02:11,980
103
+ what's
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:11,980 --> 00:02:16,100
107
+ the components of the extrapyramidal motor system
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:17,480 --> 00:02:23,060
111
+ extrapyramidal motor system ุจุฏุฎู„ ููŠู‡ุง ุจูŠุฒุงู„
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:23,060 --> 00:02:27,600
115
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠุŒ ูƒูˆุฏูŠุช ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณุŒ ุจูŠูˆุชุงู…ูŠู†ุŒ ุฌู„ูˆุจุงุณ ุจุงู„ูŠุฏุงุณ
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:27,600 --> 00:02:31,520
119
+ ูƒู„ูˆุณูˆุชุฑุŒ ุฃู…ูŠุฌุฏุงู„ูˆูŠุฏ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ูƒู„ู‡ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุจูŠุฒุงู„
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:31,520 --> 00:02:38,810
123
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠุŒ subthalamus ู‡ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุฏูŠุงู†
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:02:38,810 --> 00:02:42,810
127
+ ุณูŠูุงู„ูˆู†ุŒ ู…ุชุฐูƒุฑูŠู† ุฏูŠุงู† ุณูŠูุงู„ูˆู†ุŸ ุซู„ุงู…ุณุŒ ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซู„ุงู…ุณุŒ
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:02:42,810 --> 00:02:45,470
131
+ ุณุจุซู„ุงู…ุณุŒ ู…ูŠุชุงุซู„ุงู…ุณุŒ ุฅูŠุจูŠุซุงู„ุงู…ุณุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:02:45,470 --> 00:02:49,390
135
+ subthalamus ู‡ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุฏูŠุงู† ุณูŠูุงู„ูˆู†ุŒ ูˆ
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:02:49,390 --> 00:02:54,990
139
+ ุงู„ู€ thalamus ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ู† ุฏูŠุงู† ุณูŠูุงู„ูˆู†
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:02:55,700 --> 00:03:00,140
143
+ Substantia nigra ู‡ูŠ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Extra Pyramidal
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:00,140 --> 00:03:06,560
147
+ Nervous System ูˆู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Midbrain
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:06,560 --> 00:03:11,680
151
+ Substantia
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:11,680 --> 00:03:17,670
155
+ nigra ุชูุฑุฒ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุญุฏุซ ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ ู…ุงุฏุฉ
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:17,670 --> 00:03:22,750
159
+ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจูŠู†ุชุฌ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู…ุฑุถ ุงุณู…ู‡ Parkinson
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:22,750 --> 00:03:28,650
163
+ disease ุฃูˆ shaking palsyุŒ ู…ุฑุถ ุดู„ู„ ุงู„ุฑุนุงุดุŒ ุฃูˆ ู…ุฑุถ
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:28,650 --> 00:03:34,250
167
+ ParkinsonุŒ Red nucleus ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูƒู…ุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ middle
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:34,250 --> 00:03:39,730
171
+ brainุŒ ูˆู„ู‡ ุฏูˆุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ extrapyramidal
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:03:39,730 --> 00:03:46,730
175
+ nervous systemุŒ clinical correlation of the
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:03:46,730 --> 00:03:53,150
179
+ extrapyramidal nervous systemุŒ ู„ูŠู‡ ู„ู‡ู… ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุจุนุถ
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:03:53,150 --> 00:03:58,930
183
+ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถุŒ ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† disease ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ degeneration
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:03:58,930 --> 00:04:04,270
187
+ and depigmentation of neurons in the substantia
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:04,270 --> 00:04:07,070
191
+ nigraุŒ ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุฑุงุญ ู†ุงุฎุฐู‡ ููŠ ุณู†ุฉ ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ููŠ
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:07,070 --> 00:04:14,040
195
+ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉุŒ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ neurodegenerative changes in the
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:14,040 --> 00:04:19,020
199
+ substantia nigra ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูุฑุฒ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:19,020 --> 00:04:21,720
203
+ ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† Parkinson disease ูŠุนุชุจุฑ it chronic
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:21,720 --> 00:04:27,120
207
+ slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:04:27,120 --> 00:04:35,960
211
+ characterized by loss of pigmented neurons in the
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:04:35,960 --> 00:04:41,590
215
+ substantia nigraุŒ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ loss of
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:04:41,590 --> 00:04:46,430
219
+ pigmented neurons in substantia nigra ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:04:46,430 --> 00:04:50,730
223
+ ูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุจุฑุงุฏูŠูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒูŠุง ุฃูˆ ู‡ูŠุจูˆูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒูŠุงุŒ ุจุชู‚ู
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:04:50,730 --> 00:04:58,330
227
+ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉุŒ muscle rigidityุŒ breast tremorุŒ ุจุณ ุดุบู„
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:04:58,330 --> 00:05:03,470
231
+ instabilityุŒ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ู„ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:03,470 --> 00:05:09,120
235
+ Parkinson diseaseุŒ ุงุซู†ูŠู† Huntington's disease ุฃูˆ
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:09,120 --> 00:05:14,560
239
+ ูƒูˆุฑูŠุฉุŒ ุชุนุชุจุฑ autosomal dominantุŒ ุฃูˆ ุฏุงุฆุฑ ุฑู‚ุตุŒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:14,560 --> 00:05:20,060
243
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู…ุงุดูŠ ู…ุซู„ ุจุฑู‚ุตุŒ ุฏุงุฆุฑ ุฑู‚ุตุŒ autosomal dominant
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:20,060 --> 00:05:25,500
247
+ movement disorder associated with severe
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:25,500 --> 00:05:33,140
251
+ degeneration of the cholinergic and GABAergic
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:05:33,140 --> 00:05:40,770
255
+ neuronsุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุงุนุชุจุฑ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ GABA ู‡ูˆ
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:05:40,770 --> 00:05:46,750
259
+ ุจุงู„ู€ ูƒูˆู„ูŠู†ูŠุฑุฌูŠูƒุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ which are located in the
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:05:46,750 --> 00:05:50,910
263
+ caudate nucleus and putamenุŒ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:05:50,910 --> 00:05:57,970
267
+ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ูƒูˆุฑูŠุฉ and dementia and dementia ูˆู†ุชุฌ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:05:57,970 --> 00:06:04,530
271
+ degeneration ููŠ ุงู„ู€ ูƒูˆู„ูŠู†ูŠุฑุฌูŠูƒ ูˆุงู„ู€ GABAุŒ ู‡ุฐุง GABA
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:04,530 --> 00:06:06,170
275
+ gamma-aminobutyric acid
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:15,630 --> 00:06:22,210
279
+ ุจุงู„ูŠุฒู…ุณ ุฃูˆ ู‡ูŠุจูˆ ุจุงู„ูŠุฒู…ุณ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุดูŠุก ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุดูˆูู‡ ููŠ
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:22,210 --> 00:06:25,590
283
+ ุญุงู„ุงุช ischemic infarctionุŒ ู„ู…ุง ูŠุญุฏุซ ischemic
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:25,590 --> 00:06:30,770
287
+ infarctionุŒ ููŠ ุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡ Lewy body nucleus ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:06:30,770 --> 00:06:34,450
291
+ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ subthalamusุŒ ุชุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุจุงู„ูŠุฒู…ุณ ุฃูˆ
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:06:34,450 --> 00:06:38,670
295
+ hemibalismุŒ involuntary movementุŒ ููŠ ู…ูˆุงุถุน ุฃุฎุฑู‰
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:06:40,480 --> 00:06:45,220
299
+ Hepatolenticular Degeneration ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ูˆูŠู„ุณูˆู†
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:06:45,220 --> 00:06:51,500
303
+ ุฏูŠุฒูŠุฒุŒ ู…ุฑุถ ูˆูŠู„ุณูˆู†ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุณู…ูˆู‡ Hepatolenticular
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:06:51,500 --> 00:06:55,180
307
+ Degeneration ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ุจูŠุตูŠุจ ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ูˆุจูŠุตูŠุจ ุงู„ู€ basal
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:06:55,180 --> 00:06:59,320
311
+ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ู„ูŠู†ุชูŠููˆุฑ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ accumulation of
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:06:59,320 --> 00:07:03,040
315
+ copper ูˆุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉุŒ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู†ุฒูŠู… ุงุณู…ู‡
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:07:03,040 --> 00:07:06,900
319
+ ุงู„ู€ ceruloplasminุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ ceruloplasmin ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ููŠู‡
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:06,900 --> 00:07:10,300
323
+ mutation ุฃูˆ ุชุณู…ู‰ ุงู„ู€ recessive diseaseุŒ ูˆ
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:10,300 --> 00:07:15,080
327
+ ceruloplasmin ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุนู…ู„ binding ู…ุน ุงู„ู†ุญุงุณุŒ ุชุชุญุฏ
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:07:15,080 --> 00:07:18,380
331
+ ู…ุน ุงู„ู†ุญุงุณ ูˆุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถุŒ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ู…ุนู‡ ุนุตุงุฑุฉ
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:07:18,380 --> 00:07:25,280
335
+ ุงู„ุตูุฑุงุก ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒุจุฏุŒ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุงู† ููŠ mutation ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:07:25,280 --> 00:07:32,560
339
+ enzyme ุจูŠุญุฏุซ block ูˆุนุฏู… ู…ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุชุญุงุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ู†ุญุงุณ
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:07:32,560 --> 00:07:36,900
343
+ ูˆุจูŠุญุฏุซ accumulation ู„ู„ู†ุญุงุณ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ bodyุŒ ูˆุงู„ู†ุญุงุณ ุฑุงุญ
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:07:36,900 --> 00:07:40,560
347
+ ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ liver ูˆุงู„ู€ basal ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠุŒ ูˆุงู„ู€ other
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:07:40,560 --> 00:07:45,660
351
+ organsุŒ type
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:07:45,660 --> 00:07:50,490
355
+ of body movementsุŒ ุงู„ุขู† ุงูŠุด ุงู„ู€ body movements ููŠ
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:07:50,490 --> 00:07:56,190
359
+ autonomous ุฃูˆ reflex movementุŒ ุฃู†ุง ุจุนู…ู„ ุญุฑูƒุงุช
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:07:56,190 --> 00:07:59,370
363
+ reflex ุจุฏูˆู† ุฅุฑุงุฏุฉุŒ ุจุฏูˆู† ุฅุฑุงุฏุฉุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:07:59,370 --> 00:08:05,410
367
+ involuntary movement ุฃูˆ postural without ุฃูˆ ุฃูˆ
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:08:05,410 --> 00:08:08,970
371
+ ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ withdrawal reflexุŒ withdrawal reflex ูŠุนู†ูŠ
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:08:08,970 --> 00:08:14,890
375
+ ุฃู†ุง ุจุนู…ู„ู‡ุง ุจุฏูˆู† ู…ุง ุฃููƒุฑุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุญุฑูƒุงุช ู„ุง ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:08:14,890 --> 00:08:21,730
379
+ ุญุฑูƒุงุช ู„ุง ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุฉุŒ ูˆููŠ rhythmic voluntary movement ู…ุซู„
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:08:21,730 --> 00:08:25,730
383
+ ุงู„ู€ chewing ูˆ walking ู‡ุฐู‡ ุญุฑูƒุงุช ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุฉุŒ ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏุฃุช
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:08:25,730 --> 00:08:30,490
387
+ ุงุชุญุฑูƒุŒ ุชุญุฑูƒุชุŒ ู…ุดูŠุช ูˆู‚ูุช ุฎู„ุงุตุŒ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ voluntary
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:08:30,490 --> 00:08:39,290
391
+ movementุŒ ุฃู†ุง ุจุชุญูƒู… ููŠู‡ุงุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุงุชุŒ the
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:08:39,290 --> 00:08:43,990
395
+ anterior horn cells ููŠ ุงู„ู€ spinal cordุŒ ููŠ anterior
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:08:43,990 --> 00:08:48,820
399
+ horn cellsุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ anterior horn cells ุงู„ู€ main
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:08:48,820 --> 00:08:53,940
403
+ function ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ุง motorุŒ main function ู„ู‡ุง motorุŒ ุงู„
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:08:53,940 --> 00:08:57,900
407
+ anterior horn cells consist of motor cellsุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:08:57,900 --> 00:09:02,360
411
+ ููŠู‡ุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ motor cellsุŒ ุงู„ู€ anterior horn cells
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:09:02,360 --> 00:09:09,840
415
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠู‡ุง medial group nucleiุŒ central group
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:09:09,840 --> 00:09:16,670
419
+ nucleiุŒ and lateral group nucleiุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ anterior
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:09:16,670 --> 00:09:21,370
423
+ horn cells ููŠู‡ุง ูƒุงู… ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉุŸ ุชู„ุงุชุฉุŒ medially groupุŒ
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:09:21,370 --> 00:09:29,390
427
+ central groupุŒ and lateral groupุŒ ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ู€ medially
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:09:29,390 --> 00:09:35,890
431
+ groupุŒ ุงู„ู€ medially group ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ spinal cordุŒ ุฃุถุงุก
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:09:35,890 --> 00:09:39,630
435
+ ุงู„ู€ mediary group ููŠ ุงู„ู€ thoracic segment ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:09:39,630 --> 00:09:45,150
439
+ ู„ู€ ventromedial and dorsomedial ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู†
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:09:45,150 --> 00:09:51,630
443
+ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู€ trunkุŒ supply the muscles of trunkุŒ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ููŠ
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:09:51,630 --> 00:09:57,010
447
+ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ู„ู€ trunkุŒ central group ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:09:57,010 --> 00:10:04,330
451
+ ุงู„ู€ upper cervical partุŒ ููŠ C1 ูˆ C4ุŒ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:10:04,330 --> 00:10:10,090
455
+ ุจูŠุนุทูˆุง fibers ู„ู€ pharynx nerve ูˆ spinal accessory
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:10:10,090 --> 00:10:14,010
459
+ nerveุŒ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ุฐูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู† pharynx nerve
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:10:14,010 --> 00:10:18,870
463
+ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ูˆ spinal accessory nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:10:18,870 --> 00:10:24,070
467
+ trapezius muscle and sternocleidomastoid muscle
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:10:24,070 --> 00:10:30,320
471
+ lateral groupุŒ ู…ู† ุฌุณู… ุงู„ู€ ventral lateral ูˆ dorsal
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:10:30,320 --> 00:10:33,940
475
+ lateralุŒ ู‡ุฐูŠู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ lower cervicalุŒ ููŠ ุงู„
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:10:33,940 --> 00:10:39,560
479
+ lumbarุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ upper segment of sacral ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู†
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:10:39,560 --> 00:10:46,720
483
+ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ upper ูˆ lower limb musclesุŒ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ medial
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:10:46,720 --> 00:10:50,200
487
+ group muscles ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ trunk ูˆุงู„ู€ abdominal
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:10:50,200 --> 00:10:55,630
491
+ musclesุŒ central group ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† pharynx ุฃูˆ
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:10:55,630 --> 00:10:59,010
495
+ diaphragmatic nerve ูˆ spinal accessory nerve
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:10:59,010 --> 00:11:03,010
499
+ ุจูŠุบุฏูˆุง ุงู„ู€ diaphragm ูˆ trapezius muscle ูˆ
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:11:03,010 --> 00:11:08,870
503
+ sternocleidomastoid muscleุŒ ูˆ lateral group ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู†
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:11:08,870 --> 00:11:13,910
507
+ ุฌุณู…ู‡ ู„ูŠู‡ ุฌุณู…ูŠู†ุŒ dorsolateral ูˆ ventrolateralุŒ ู‡ุฐูˆู„
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:11:13,910 --> 00:11:17,270
511
+ ุจูŠุบุฏูˆู† ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ุงู„ upper ูˆ lower limb muscles
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:11:19,990 --> 00:11:24,530
515
+ rule the spinal cord in motor functionุŒ ุงูŠุด ูˆุธูŠูุฉ
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:11:24,530 --> 00:11:27,530
519
+ ุงู„ู€ spinal cordุŸ ุงูŠุด ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ anterior horn
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:11:27,530 --> 00:11:35,090
523
+ cellsุŸ ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ spinal cord ููŠ motor neurons
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:11:35,090 --> 00:11:38,970
527
+ ูˆูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุงู„ู€ motor neuronsุŸ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:11:38,970 --> 00:11:44,250
531
+ anterior horn cellsุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ main function of the
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:11:44,250 --> 00:11:52,040
535
+ anterior horn cells is motor functionุŒ ููŠ ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ู…ู†
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:11:52,040 --> 00:11:58,460
539
+ ุงู„ู€ neuronsุŒ ููŠ alpha motoneuron ูˆููŠ gamma
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:11:58,460 --> 00:12:05,510
543
+ motoneuronุŒ alpha motoneuronุŒ it is large typeุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:12:05,510 --> 00:12:10,190
547
+ give rise to large type A alpha motoneuron fibers
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:12:10,190 --> 00:12:15,330
551
+ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู† stimulation of the muscle fibers
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:12:15,330 --> 00:12:20,430
555
+ ูŠุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ alpha motoneuron ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:12:20,430 --> 00:12:25,110
559
+ large type A alpha ูˆุจูŠุบุฐูŠู‡ุง ูˆู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู†
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:12:25,110 --> 00:12:30,380
563
+ stimulation of muscle fibersุŒ ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ Gamma
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:12:30,380 --> 00:12:35,820
567
+ motoneuronุŒ gamma motoneuronุŒ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจูŠุฑูˆุญูˆุง ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:12:35,820 --> 00:12:43,040
571
+ small of type A gammaุŒ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… control the muscle
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:12:43,040 --> 00:12:46,040
575
+ toneุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ small fibers ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:12:46,040 --> 00:12:51,240
579
+ regulation of muscle toneุŒ ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ู€ large fibers ุงู„ู„ูŠ
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:12:51,240 --> 00:12:56,300
583
+ ุจูŠุฌูˆุง ู…ู† alpha motoneuron ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจู€ stimulation
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:12:56,300 --> 00:13:01,660
587
+ of muscle fibersุŒ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃูˆู„ ู†ูˆุน ู…ูˆุชูˆ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู†ุฒ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู†
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:13:01,660 --> 00:13:08,660
591
+ ููŠ anterior horn cellsุŒ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ interneurons
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:13:08,660 --> 00:13:15,400
595
+ interneurons ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… intermediateุŒ intermediate
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:13:15,400 --> 00:13:19,480
599
+ neuronsุŒ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ู€ interneurons ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ intermediate
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:13:19,480 --> 00:13:24,520
603
+ neurons ูˆู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† between the sensory
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:13:24,520 --> 00:13:28,740
607
+ neurons and motorุŒ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ sensory ูˆุงู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:13:28,740 --> 00:13:36,220
611
+ ุจู„ุบุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุจูŠู† posterior horn cells ูˆ anterior
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:13:36,220 --> 00:13:40,940
615
+ horn cellsุŒ ู…ุงู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠุฉ ู„ู‡ู…ุŸ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:13:40,940 --> 00:13:45,820
619
+ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠุฉ reflex centerุŒ ู…ุซู„ู…ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุงุŒ intermediate
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:13:45,820 --> 00:13:49,640
623
+ area ูˆูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู†ุŸ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ ventral ูˆุงู„ู€ dorsal horn ุฃูˆ
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:13:49,640 --> 00:13:54,400
627
+ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ anterior posterior hornุŒ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:13:55,560 --> 00:13:59,920
631
+ excitatory for integrative function of the spinal
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:13:59,920 --> 00:14:05,380
635
+ cord ูŠุนุชุจุฑู‡ integrative function ุฃูˆ reflex center
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:14:05,380 --> 00:14:07,480
639
+ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… reflex center
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:14:26,330 --> 00:14:29,810
643
+ ุจุงู„ู€ motor fibers ุชุนู…ู„ contraction of the muscle
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:14:29,810 --> 00:14:34,750
647
+ ูˆุจูŠุญุธู ุนู†ู‡ุง reflex ู„ุงุฒู…
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:14:34,750 --> 00:14:39,630
651
+ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡ pyramidal tractุŒ ุงูŠุด ู‡ูˆ
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:14:39,630 --> 00:14:44,930
655
+ pyramidal tractุŸ pyramidal tract contains
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:14:44,930 --> 00:14:50,710
659
+ about one million nerve fibersุŒ ููŠ one million
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:14:50,710 --> 00:14:57,430
663
+ nerve fibersุŒ it is the longest nerve fibers in the
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:14:57,430 --> 00:15:02,750
667
+ bodyุŒ ูˆุฃุทูˆู„ nerve fibers ุฃูˆ ุฃุทูˆู„ tract ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ู‡ูˆ
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:15:02,750 --> 00:15:07,490
671
+ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ ุงู„ู€ tractุŒ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุจุจุฏุฃุŸ ุงู„ู€ origin
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:15:07,490 --> 00:15:12,560
675
+ ุจุชุงุนู‡ ุจุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง betz cells ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:15:12,560 --> 00:15:17,160
679
+ internal pyramidal layerุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃูŠ ุทุจู‚ุฉุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ุทุจู‚ุฉ
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:15:17,160 --> 00:15:21,420
683
+ ุงู„ุฎุงู…ุณุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ cortexุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ internal pyramidal
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:15:21,420 --> 00:15:25,240
687
+ layerุŒ ู…ู† ุงูŠุด ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€ cortex ููŠ ุงู„ู€ histology ุจุชูƒูˆู†
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:15:25,240 --> 00:15:31,300
691
+ ู…ู† six layersุŒ ุฃูˆู„ layer molecular layerุŒ ุซุงู†ูŠ layer
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:15:31,300 --> 00:15:38,020
695
+ external granular layerุŒ ุซุงู„ุซ external pyramidal
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:15:38,020 --> 00:15:44,240
699
+ layerุŒ ุฑุงุจุน internal granular layerุŒ ุฎุงู…ุณ ganglionic
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:15:44,240 --> 00:15:48,400
703
+ layers ุฃูˆ internal pyramidal layerุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ internal
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:15:48,400 --> 00:15:53,260
707
+ pyramidal layer ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ู€ cells ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ุฃูˆ
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:15:53,260 --> 00:15:57,660
711
+ ู‡ู… ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ pyramidal tractุŒ ูˆุขุฎุฑ ุดูŠุก
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:15:57,660 --> 00:16:02,920
715
+ multiform layersุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ layers ู‡ู… layers of
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:16:02,920 --> 00:16:04,560
719
+ cerebral cortex
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:16:07,390 --> 00:16:11,550
723
+ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู„ู…ุง ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ู€ cortex ุณุฑุงุญุชูƒู…
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:16:11,550 --> 00:16:20,590
727
+ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ ููŠ
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:16:20,590 --> 00:16:32,450
731
+ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ุฃูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ูƒุฐุง ุงู„ุฑุฃุณ ุชุญุช ุงู„ู€
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:16:32,450 --> 00:
735
+
736
+ 201
737
+ 00:17:56,560 --> 00:18:05,220
738
+ ุงู„ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„
739
+
740
+ 202
741
+ 00:18:05,220 --> 00:18:12,260
742
+ ุฏู‡ ุงู„ู€ Pyramidal tract ุฏู‡ ุงู„ู€ tract ู†ุฑุณู…ู‡ ู‡ู†ุง ู†ุฎุทุทู‡ ู…ุน
743
+
744
+ 203
745
+ 00:18:12,260 --> 00:18:12,620
746
+ ุจุนุถ
747
+
748
+ 204
749
+ 00:18:19,940 --> 00:18:28,040
750
+ ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„
751
+
752
+ 205
753
+ 00:18:28,040 --> 00:18:31,680
754
+ tract
755
+
756
+ 206
757
+ 00:18:31,680 --> 00:18:35,480
758
+ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„
759
+
760
+ 207
761
+ 00:18:35,480 --> 00:18:43,440
762
+ tract ู…ู† ุงู„ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ุฃูˆู„
763
+
764
+ 208
765
+ 00:18:43,440 --> 00:18:49,180
766
+ ู‚ุณู… ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ Corticospinal
767
+
768
+ 209
769
+ 00:18:52,560 --> 00:19:00,180
770
+ ุงู„ู‚ุณู… ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ
771
+
772
+ 210
773
+ 00:19:00,180 --> 00:19:09,200
774
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ุชุฑุงูƒุช ุฃูˆ ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ ุจู„ุจุงุฑ
775
+
776
+ 211
777
+ 00:19:17,420 --> 00:19:21,860
778
+ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ Corticospinal tract ูˆุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ
779
+
780
+ 212
781
+ 00:19:21,860 --> 00:19:24,200
782
+ ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ุฃูˆ ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ ุจู„ุจุงุฑ
783
+
784
+ 213
785
+ 00:19:35,420 --> 00:19:41,380
786
+ ุงู„ู€ Corticonuclear tract ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ูˆ Corticospinal
787
+
788
+ 214
789
+ 00:19:41,380 --> 00:19:47,400
790
+ tract ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ู…ู† ุงุณู…ู‡ Corticonuclear tract
791
+
792
+ 215
793
+ 00:19:47,400 --> 00:19:51,420
794
+ Corticonuclear tract ุงูŠู‡ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงูŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ
795
+
796
+ 216
797
+ 00:19:51,420 --> 00:20:01,180
798
+ Corticonuclear tractุŸ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง fibers ู„ู…ู†ุŸ ู„ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆุฑ
799
+
800
+ 217
801
+ 00:20:02,580 --> 00:20:11,160
802
+ ู‡ูˆ cells in the spinal cord ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุง ู†ุณู…ูˆ Cortico-spinal
803
+
804
+ 218
805
+ 00:20:11,160 --> 00:20:14,820
806
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ cortex ูˆ ุจู†ุชู‡ูŠ ูˆูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„
807
+
808
+ 219
809
+ 00:20:14,820 --> 00:20:21,840
810
+ spinal ุทุจ ูˆ Cortico ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง fibers ู„ู…ู†ุŸ
811
+
812
+ 220
813
+ 00:20:21,840 --> 00:20:28,040
814
+ to motor nuclei
815
+
816
+ 221
817
+ 00:20:28,040 --> 00:20:31,760
818
+ in the brain stem
819
+
820
+ 222
821
+ 00:20:35,500 --> 00:20:47,520
822
+ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ of cranial nerve of cranial
823
+
824
+ 223
825
+ 00:20:47,520 --> 00:20:52,340
826
+ nerve in
827
+
828
+ 224
829
+ 00:20:52,340 --> 00:21:00,060
830
+ the brain stem ุชู…ุงู…
831
+
832
+ 225
833
+ 00:21:04,430 --> 00:21:14,250
834
+ Corticospinal tract ุชู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† Lateral
835
+
836
+ 226
837
+ 00:21:14,250 --> 00:21:17,970
838
+ Corticospinal
839
+
840
+ 227
841
+ 00:21:17,970 --> 00:21:25,810
842
+ tract ูˆ Ventral Corticospinal
843
+
844
+ 228
845
+ 00:21:25,810 --> 00:21:26,470
846
+ tract
847
+
848
+ 229
849
+ 00:21:30,280 --> 00:21:34,280
850
+ ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู‚ุณู… ุงู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† Lateral Corticospinal tract and
851
+
852
+ 230
853
+ 00:21:34,280 --> 00:21:37,540
854
+ Ventral Corticospinal tract Lateral Corticospinal
855
+
856
+ 231
857
+ 00:21:37,540 --> 00:21:43,300
858
+ tract supply supply
859
+
860
+ 232
861
+ 00:21:43,300 --> 00:21:52,420
862
+ the upper limbs and lower limbs ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ู€ Ventral
863
+
864
+ 233
865
+ 00:21:52,420 --> 00:21:57,500
866
+ Corticospinal tract supply ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
867
+
868
+ 234
869
+ 00:22:04,260 --> 00:22:09,520
870
+ trunk and abdominal
871
+
872
+ 235
873
+ 00:22:09,520 --> 00:22:14,980
874
+ muscle ูŠุจู‚ู‰
875
+
876
+ 236
877
+ 00:22:14,980 --> 00:22:19,620
878
+ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Ventral tract ุฃูˆ Ventral
879
+
880
+ 237
881
+ 00:22:19,620 --> 00:22:21,880
882
+ Corticospinal tract ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุณุคูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ respiratory
883
+
884
+ 238
885
+ 00:22:21,880 --> 00:22:25,640
886
+ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ respiratory muscle ู‚ุงู„ Cortico
887
+
888
+ 239
889
+ 00:22:28,610 --> 00:22:31,350
890
+ Bulbar tract ุฑุงุญ ูŠู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ .. ุงูˆ Corticonuclear
891
+
892
+ 240
893
+ 00:22:31,350 --> 00:22:36,590
894
+ tract ุฑุงุญ ูŠู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู‚ุณู…
895
+
896
+ 241
897
+ 00:22:36,590 --> 00:22:43,930
898
+ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุงุณู…ู‡ Lateral ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก Corticonuclear tract
899
+
900
+ 242
901
+ 00:22:43,930 --> 00:22:50,030
902
+ ูˆุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ Medial Corticonuclear
903
+
904
+ 243
905
+ 00:22:50,030 --> 00:22:56,630
906
+ tract ุงู„ู€ Medial Corticonuclear tract ุณู‡ู„ supply
907
+
908
+ 244
909
+ 00:22:59,180 --> 00:23:07,700
910
+ ุฃูˆ give fibers to
911
+
912
+ 245
913
+ 00:23:07,700 --> 00:23:20,300
914
+ Ocular nuclei ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ูˆุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ูˆุงู„ุณุงุฏุณ
915
+
916
+ 246
917
+ 00:23:20,300 --> 00:23:22,560
918
+ from
919
+
920
+ 247
921
+ 00:23:26,510 --> 00:23:31,150
922
+ both cerebral hemisphere ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Medial ุงู„ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ
923
+
924
+ 248
925
+ 00:23:31,150 --> 00:23:33,990
926
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ุชุฑุงูƒุช ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ุงู„ู€ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ุณุงุนุฉ ุงู„ู€ Oculomotor
927
+
928
+ 249
929
+ 00:23:33,990 --> 00:23:37,310
930
+ ูˆ ุชุฑูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ูˆ ุงู„ุงุจุฏูˆุณู†ุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ both side ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู„ู‰
931
+
932
+ 250
933
+ 00:23:37,310 --> 00:23:39,450
934
+ ุงู„ู€ right ูˆ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ left ูˆ ุงู„ู€ left ุจูŠุนุทูŠ right left
935
+
936
+ 251
937
+ 00:23:39,450 --> 00:23:42,630
938
+ ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Nuclei of Oculomotor ุชุฑูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ูˆ
939
+
940
+ 252
941
+ 00:23:42,630 --> 00:23:46,110
942
+ ุงู„ุงุจุฏูˆุณู†ุช ุจูŠุงุฎุฏู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ both cerebral hemisphere ุทุจ
943
+
944
+ 253
945
+ 00:23:46,110 --> 00:23:52,590
946
+ ุงู„ู€ Lateral ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ุชุฑุงูƒุช ุจูŠุนุทูŠ
947
+
948
+ 254
949
+ 00:23:52,590 --> 00:23:53,750
950
+ ู„ู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ
951
+
952
+ 255
953
+ 00:23:55,610 --> 00:24:04,570
954
+ Nuclei of Trigeminal
955
+
956
+ 256
957
+ 00:24:04,570 --> 00:24:09,750
958
+ nerve Dorsal
959
+
960
+ 257
961
+ 00:24:09,750 --> 00:24:17,170
962
+ Facial nerve Glossopharyngeal,
963
+
964
+ 258
965
+ 00:24:17,770 --> 00:24:22,490
966
+ Vagus ูˆ Cranial accessory ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู…ุจูŠุบุงุณ
967
+
968
+ 259
969
+ 00:24:22,490 --> 00:24:23,010
970
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
971
+
972
+ 260
973
+ 00:24:29,020 --> 00:24:36,020
974
+ Cranial accessory from both cerebral hemisphere
975
+
976
+ 261
977
+ 00:24:36,020 --> 00:24:46,500
978
+ and ูˆุจูŠุนุทูŠ ูƒู…ุงู† two Ventral nucleus
979
+
980
+ 262
981
+ 00:24:46,500 --> 00:24:55,440
982
+ of Facial nerve ูุงุตู„ุฉ ูˆHypoglossal nerve
983
+
984
+ 263
985
+ 00:24:55,440 --> 00:24:57,680
986
+ Hypoglossal nucleus
987
+
988
+ 264
989
+ 00:25:01,760 --> 00:25:07,360
990
+ only from opposite side
991
+
992
+ 265
993
+ 00:25:12,120 --> 00:25:17,500
994
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุดุฑุญู†ุง ู„ูƒู… ู…ุฎุทุท ุจุชุงุน ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ ุชุฑุงูƒุช ุดุฑุญู†ุง
995
+
996
+ 266
997
+ 00:25:17,500 --> 00:25:21,220
998
+ ู„ูƒู… ู…ุฎุทุท ุจุชุงุน ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠุฏุงู„ ุชุฑุงูƒุช ู‡ู†ุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุจุณ ู…ุด ูˆุงุถุญ
999
+
1000
+ 267
1001
+ 00:25:21,220 --> 00:25:24,900
1002
+ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุฑู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุตูˆุฑุชู„ูƒูˆุง ุฅูŠุงู‡ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุฑุณู…ู†ุง
1003
+
1004
+ 268
1005
+ 00:25:24,900 --> 00:25:28,620
1006
+ ู„ูƒูˆุง ุฅูŠุงู‡ุง ูˆุฎุทุทุชูˆุง ู„ูƒู… ุงู„ู€ Pyramidal tract ุจู†ู‚ุณู…
1007
+
1008
+ 269
1009
+ 00:25:28,620 --> 00:25:34,140
1010
+ ู„ุฌุฒุฆูŠู† ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ Corticospinal tract ูˆุฌุฒุก ุซุงู†ูŠ
1011
+
1012
+ 270
1013
+ 00:25:34,140 --> 00:25:36,600
1014
+ Corticobulbar ุงูˆ Corticonuclear tract
1015
+
1016
+ 271
1017
+ 00:25:36,600 --> 00:25:39,740
1018
+ Corticospinal tract ูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒูˆุฑุชูƒุณ ูˆูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ ููŠ
1019
+
1020
+ 272
1021
+ 00:25:39,740 --> 00:25:44,060
1022
+ spinal cord ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุนุทูŠ fibers ู„ู„ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆุฑ ูˆุญุณู„ ููŠ
1023
+
1024
+ 273
1025
+ 00:25:44,060 --> 00:25:49,540
1026
+ spinal cord ูˆ Corticobulbar tract ุจูŠุนุทูŠ fibers to
1027
+
1028
+ 274
1029
+ 00:25:49,540 --> 00:25:53,760
1030
+ motor nuclei of the cranial nerves in the brain
1031
+
1032
+ 275
1033
+ 00:25:53,760 --> 00:25:58,860
1034
+ stem in the brain stem okay Corticospinal tract
1035
+
1036
+ 276
1037
+ 00:25:58,860 --> 00:26:05,610
1038
+ ุจู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† Lateral Corticospinal tract ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„
1039
+
1040
+ 277
1041
+ 00:26:05,610 --> 00:26:11,190
1042
+ Lateral column of spinal cord ูˆ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุงู„ู€ upper ูˆ
1043
+
1044
+ 278
1045
+ 00:26:11,190 --> 00:26:16,070
1046
+ lower limbs ูˆ Ventral Corticospinal tract supply
1047
+
1048
+ 279
1049
+ 00:26:16,070 --> 00:26:21,730
1050
+ trunk and abdominal muscle ุจูŠู…ุฑ ูˆูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Ventral
1051
+
1052
+ 280
1053
+ 00:26:21,730 --> 00:26:25,870
1054
+ column of spinal cord ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู„ู€ Corticobulbar tract
1055
+
1056
+ 281
1057
+ 00:26:25,870 --> 00:26:31,490
1058
+ ุจู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† Lateral Corticonuclear tract and
1059
+
1060
+ 282
1061
+ 00:26:31,490 --> 00:26:36,270
1062
+ Medial Corticonuclear tract ุงู„ู€ Medial
1063
+
1064
+ 283
1065
+ 00:26:36,270 --> 00:26:37,810
1066
+ Corticonuclear tract
1067
+
1068
+ 284
1069
+ 00:26:47,600 --> 00:26:50,800
1070
+ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑุงุช ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ู… ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุจุฑู‡ูŠู† stem Nuclei
1071
+
1072
+ 285
1073
+ 00:26:50,800 --> 00:26:53,640
1074
+ ุงูˆ Ocular Nuclei ุงูˆ Ocular Nuclei ุงูˆ Ocular
1075
+
1076
+ 286
1077
+ 00:26:53,640 --> 00:26:55,860
1078
+ Nuclei ุงูˆ Ocular Nuclei ุงูˆ Ocular Nuclei ุงูˆ
1079
+
1080
+ 287
1081
+ 00:26:55,860 --> 00:26:57,280
1082
+ Ocular Nuclei ุงูˆ Ocular Nuclei ุงูˆ Ocular Nuclei
1083
+
1084
+ 288
1085
+ 00:26:57,280 --> 00:26:58,920
1086
+ ุงูˆ Ocular Nuclei ุงูˆ Ocular Nuclei Nuclei Nuclei
1087
+
1088
+ 289
1089
+ 00:26:58,920 --> 00:27:04,480
1090
+ Nuclei Nuclei Nuclei Nuclei Nuclei Nuclei Nuclei
1091
+
1092
+ 290
1093
+ 00:27:04,480 --> 00:27:05,610
1094
+ Nuclei Nuclei Nuclei Nuclei Nuclei Nuclei Nuclei
1095
+
1096
+ 291
1097
+ 00:27:05,610 --> 00:27:09,190
1098
+ left ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ left ูˆ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ right ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Nucleus
1099
+
1100
+ 292
1101
+ 00:27:09,190 --> 00:27:14,030
1102
+ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ู€ Motor nuclei of the Ocular nerve received
1103
+
1104
+ 293
1105
+ 00:27:14,030 --> 00:27:17,950
1106
+ fibers from the Corticonuclear tract ุฃูŠู‡ ูˆุงุญุฏ
1107
+
1108
+ 294
1109
+ 00:27:17,950 --> 00:27:22,530
1110
+ ููŠู‡ู…ุŸ from the Medial Corticonuclear tract from
1111
+
1112
+ 295
1113
+ 00:27:22,530 --> 00:27:27,020
1114
+ both cerebral hemispheres ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู„ู€ Lateral
1115
+
1116
+ 296
1117
+ 00:27:27,020 --> 00:27:31,700
1118
+ Corticonuclear tract give motor fibers ู„ู…ู†ุŸ
1119
+
1120
+ 297
1121
+ 00:27:31,700 --> 00:27:37,140
1122
+ ู„ู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ of the cranial nerves ู…ู† ู‡ู…ุง ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ
1123
+
1124
+ 298
1125
+ 00:27:37,140 --> 00:27:41,140
1126
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู€ Trigeminal nerve ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู€
1127
+
1128
+ 299
1129
+ 00:27:41,140 --> 00:27:45,820
1130
+ Dorsal nucleus ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ู€ Facial nerve ุฃู…ุจูŠุบุงุณ
1131
+
1132
+ 300
1133
+ 00:27:45,820 --> 00:27:49,040
1134
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ Glossopharyngeal ูˆ Vagus ูˆ
1135
+
1136
+ 301
1137
+ 00:27:49,040 --> 00:27:53,000
1138
+ Cranial accessory from both cerebral and cerebral
1139
+
1140
+ 302
1141
+ 00:27:53,000 --> 00:27:56,220
1142
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Right Lateral ุจูŠุนุทูŠ Right Left Right Left
1143
+
1144
+ 303
1145
+ 00:27:56,220 --> 00:28:02,260
1146
+ ุทูŠุจ ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุงู†ู‡ ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ูƒู…ุงู† Ventral nucleus of Facial
1147
+
1148
+ 304
1149
+ 00:28:02,260 --> 00:28:07,300
1150
+ nerve ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ Lower quadrant of the face
1151
+
1152
+ 305
1153
+ 00:28:08,160 --> 00:28:10,640
1154
+ ูˆุจูŠุนุชุจุฑู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ Hypoglossal nucleus ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ู€
1155
+
1156
+ 306
1157
+ 00:28:10,640 --> 00:28:15,880
1158
+ Hypoglossal nerve only from up this side ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€
1159
+
1160
+ 307
1161
+ 00:28:15,880 --> 00:28:19,740
1162
+ Ventral nucleus ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ู€ Facial nerve ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„
1163
+
1164
+ 308
1165
+ 00:28:19,740 --> 00:28:24,810
1166
+ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ูˆุงู„ู€ Hypoglossal nucleus ุจุชุงุนุช ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ
1167
+
1168
+ 309
1169
+ 00:28:24,810 --> 00:28:31,030
1170
+ ุนุดุฑ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุจุณ ุชุงุฎุฏ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Left Lateral
1171
+
1172
+ 310
1173
+ 00:28:31,030 --> 00:28:34,490
1174
+ Corticonuclear ุชุงุฎุฏุด ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ both cerebral ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1175
+
1176
+ 311
1177
+ 00:28:34,490 --> 00:28:37,970
1178
+ ู…ุตูŠุฑู‡ุงุŒ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ one sideุŒ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ one
1179
+
1180
+ 312
1181
+ 00:28:37,970 --> 00:28:38,610
1182
+ side
1183
+
1184
+ 313
1185
+ 00:28:42,830 --> 00:28:46,430
1186
+ ู‡ูŠูˆ ุงู„ู€ Pyramidal tract ุงู„ุขู† ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃุณู‡ู„ ู„ูƒู… ุงู„ู€
1187
+
1188
+ 314
1189
+ 00:28:46,430 --> 00:28:53,150
1190
+ Pyramidal tract is a bundle of motoneuron fibers it
1191
+
1192
+ 315
1193
+ 00:28:53,150 --> 00:28:57,370
1194
+ begins in the cerebral cortex ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„
1195
+
1196
+ 316
1197
+ 00:28:57,370 --> 00:29:01,190
1198
+ cerebral cortex ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุณู…ูˆู‡ Corticospinal
1199
+
1200
+ 317
1201
+ 00:29:01,190 --> 00:29:05,130
1202
+ Corticobulbar ุงูˆ Corticonuclear ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
1203
+
1204
+ 318
1205
+ 00:29:05,130 --> 00:29:09,810
1206
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ cortex ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ cortex ูˆุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ It
1207
+
1208
+ 319
1209
+ 00:29:09,810 --> 00:29:19,370
1210
+ ends in anterior horn cells of spinal cord ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ
1211
+
1212
+ 320
1213
+ 00:29:19,370 --> 00:29:22,730
1214
+ ุณุจุงูŠู†ุงู„ ุชุฑุงูƒุช
1215
+
1216
+ 321
1217
+ 00:29:25,430 --> 00:29:30,690
1218
+ ูˆ ูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Motor nuclei of the cranial nerves in
1219
+
1220
+ 322
1221
+ 00:29:30,690 --> 00:29:35,670
1222
+ the brainstem ุงุณู…ู‡ Corticonuclear ุงูˆ Corticobulbar
1223
+
1224
+ 323
1225
+ 00:29:35,670 --> 00:29:40,670
1226
+ tract ูŠุจู‚ู‰ Cortico ุงูˆ ุงู„ุจุฑุงู…ุฌ ุงู„ู€ tract ู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ูƒ
1227
+
1228
+ 324
1229
+ 00:29:40,670 --> 00:29:46,120
1230
+ ุงุณู…ูŠู† Corticospinal tract and Corticonuclear tract
1231
+
1232
+ 325
1233
+ 00:29:46,120 --> 00:29:51,340
1234
+ Corticospinal tract ุจู†ู‚ุณู… ู…ู† ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ุญุณุจ ูˆูŠู† ู…ุฑ ุฅู„ู‰
1235
+
1236
+ 326
1237
+ 00:29:51,340 --> 00:29:55,360
1238
+ Lateral Corticospinal tract ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Lateral
1239
+
1240
+ 327
1241
+ 00:29:55,360 --> 00:29:59,500
1242
+ column of spinal cord and Ventral ุงูˆ Anterior
1243
+
1244
+ 328
1245
+ 00:29:59,500 --> 00:30:04,160
1246
+ Corticospinal tract ุจ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Ventral column of
1247
+
1248
+ 329
1249
+ 00:30:04,160 --> 00:30:09,040
1250
+ spinal cord ุงู…ุง Corticonuclear tract ุฑุงุญ ู†ู…ุฑ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
1251
+
1252
+ 330
1253
+ 00:30:09,760 --> 00:30:16,020
1254
+ ู„ู„ุจุฑุงูŠู† stem ูˆ ูŠู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ู„ู€ Lateral and Medial
1255
+
1256
+ 331
1257
+ 00:30:16,020 --> 00:30:22,620
1258
+ Corticonuclear tract ุงู„ุงู† ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุดูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ Upper
1259
+
1260
+ 332
1261
+ 00:30:22,620 --> 00:30:28,020
1262
+ Motoneuron ุณู…ุนุช ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู€ Upper Motoneuron system ุงู„ู€
1263
+
1264
+ 333
1265
+ 00:30:28,020 --> 00:30:31,700
1266
+ Upper Motoneuron system ู‡ุฐุง ุงุญู†ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
1267
+
1268
+ 334
1269
+ 00:30:31,700 --> 00:30:34,380
1270
+ Corticospinal tract ุงูˆ Corticonuclear tract ูŠุนู†ูŠ
1271
+
1272
+ 335
1273
+ 00:30:34,380 --> 00:30:39,000
1274
+ ุงู„ู€ Corticospinal tract ูˆ Corticonuclear tract ุฅุฐุง
1275
+
1276
+ 336
1277
+ 00:30:39,000 --> 00:30:42,480
1278
+ ุญุฏุซ ููŠู‡ู… ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ Upper motor neuron lesion
1279
+
1280
+ 337
1281
+ 00:30:42,480 --> 00:30:47,400
1282
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ Damage of Corticospinal tract or
1283
+
1284
+ 338
1285
+ 00:30:47,400 --> 00:30:52,940
1286
+ Corticonuclear tract leads to Upper motor neuron
1287
+
1288
+ 339
1289
+ 00:30:52,940 --> 00:30:56,980
1290
+ lesion ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠุนุฑูู†ุง ุงู„ู€ Damage ุฃูˆ ุฃูŠ ุชุบูŠุฑ ุฃูˆ ุฃูŠ ู…ุฑุถ
1291
+
1292
+ 340
1293
+ 00:30:56,980 --> 00:31:00,260
1294
+ ุจูŠุตูŠุจ ุงู„ู€ Corticospinal tract ุฃูˆ Corticonuclear
1295
+
1296
+ 341
1297
+ 00:31:00,260 --> 00:31:07,530
1298
+ tract ูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ Upper motor neuron lesion ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ูˆ
1299
+
1300
+ 342
1301
+ 00:31:07,530 --> 00:31:11,030
1302
+ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ Supraspinal lesion ุงูˆ ุงุฐุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
1303
+
1304
+ 343
1305
+ 00:31:11,030 --> 00:31:15,050
1306
+ Corticonuclear tract Supranuclear lesion ุงูŠุด ุงู„
1307
+
1308
+ 344
1309
+ 00:31:15,050 --> 00:31:18,030
1310
+ Function ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุนุจุฑ ู…ูˆุชูˆ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุงู† ูƒุงู†
1311
+
1312
+ 345
1313
+ 00:31:18,030 --> 00:31:23,070
1314
+ Corticospinal ุงูˆ Corticonuclear ุงูˆู„ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู† ู‡ูŠ
1315
+
1316
+ 346
1317
+ 00:31:23,070 --> 00:31:27,170
1318
+ Initiation and control of voluntary motor activity
1319
+
1320
+ 347
1321
+ 00:31:27,170 --> 00:31:36,820
1322
+ ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุงู†ู‡ ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุงู†ู‡ ุญุฏุซ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ Damage
1323
+
1324
+ 348
1325
+ 00:31:36,820 --> 00:31:41,540
1326
+ of Corticospinal tract ุงูˆ Corticonuclear tract
1327
+
1328
+ 349
1329
+ 00:31:41,540 --> 00:31:45,760
1330
+ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ Paralysis ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุงูŠุดุŸ Paralysis ุงูˆ ุดู„ู„
1331
+
1332
+ 350
1333
+ 00:31:47,650 --> 00:31:51,590
1334
+ Inhibition of muscle tone Inhibition of muscle
1335
+
1336
+ 351
1337
+ 00:31:51,590 --> 00:31:55,030
1338
+ tone ู‡ูˆ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ูŠุนู…ู„ Inhibition ู„ู„ู€ muscle tone ููŠ
1339
+
1340
+ 352
1341
+ 00:31:55,030 --> 00:31:58,770
1342
+ ุญุงู„ ุญุฏุซ Damage ู„ู„ู€ other motor neuron ุฑุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
1343
+
1344
+ 353
1345
+ 00:31:58,770 --> 00:32:03,990
1346
+ Muscle hypertonia Muscle hypertonia ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุจูŠุนู…ู„
1347
+
1348
+ 354
1349
+ 00:32:03,990 --> 00:32:07,710
1350
+ Inhibition ู„ู„ู€ deep reflex ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงุญู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ู†ูุญุต
1351
+
1352
+ 355
1353
+ 00:32:07,710 --> 00:32:11,930
1354
+ reflex ู„ู…ุฑูŠุฏ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุงุดุฏ ุนูŠุฏูƒ ุงูˆ ุงู‚ุฏู…ู‡ ู„ู„ุนุดุฑุฉ ุนุดุงู†
1355
+
1356
+ 356
1357
+ 00:32:11,930 --> 00:32:14,150
1358
+ ุฃู„ู… ุงู„ู€ cortex ุงู„ู€ cortex ูŠุนู…ู„ Inhibition ู„ู„ู€ reflex
1359
+
1360
+ 357
1361
+ 00:32:14,150 --> 00:32:18,630
1362
+ ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุญุฏุซ Upper motor neuron lesion ุฑุงุญ ูŠุชุญูˆู„
1363
+
1364
+ 358
1365
+ 00:32:18,630 --> 00:32:22,510
1366
+ ู„ู€ HyperreflexiaุŒ HyperreflexiaุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูŠ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ
1367
+
1368
+ 359
1369
+ 00:32:22,510 --> 00:32:26,550
1370
+ ุงู„ุฃุจุฑู…ูˆุชูˆู†ูŠุฑูˆู† Initiation and control of voluntary
1371
+
1372
+ 360
1373
+ 00:32:26,550 --> 00:32:30,210
1374
+ motor activity ู‡ูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ุงุชู†ูŠู†ุŒ Inhibition of
1375
+
1376
+ 361
1377
+ 00:32:30,210 --> 00:32:35,430
1378
+ muscle toneุŒ ุซู„ุงุซุฉุŒ Inhibition of deep reflexes
1379
+
1380
+ 362
1381
+ 00:32:36,940 --> 00:32:42,420
1382
+ ู…ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ Pathway of the Upper motor neurons
1383
+
1384
+ 363
1385
+ 00:32:42,420 --> 00:32:46,460
1386
+ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ Pyramidal ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ Corticospinal tract ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ
1387
+
1388
+ 364
1389
+ 00:32:46,460 --> 00:32:50,340
1390
+ ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุจูŠุช ุงู„ู€ cells ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Area ุฑู‚ู… ุฃุฑุจุน ู…ู† ุงู„
1391
+
1392
+ 365
1393
+ 00:32:50,340 --> 00:32:53,720
1394
+ Upper two third of precentral gyrus ู„ูŠู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุงู† ุงู„ู€
1395
+
1396
+ 366
1397
+ 00:32:53,720 --> 00:32:57,400
1398
+ Upper two thirdุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ Corticonuclear tract ู…ุชุฌู‡
1399
+
1400
+ 367
1401
+ 00:32:57,400 --> 00:33:02,640
1402
+ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ face ุฑุญ ูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Lower one third ุจุนุฏูƒ ุงู„ู€
1403
+
1404
+ 368
1405
+ 00:33:02,640 --> 00:33:07,850
1406
+ fibers descent ููŠ ุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡ Corona radiata ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ
1407
+
1408
+ 369
1409
+ 00:33:07,850 --> 00:33:13,190
1410
+ ุงู„ู€ Posterior limb of internal capsule ุจุนุฏูƒ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
1411
+
1412
+ 370
1413
+ 00:33:13,190 --> 00:33:19,550
1414
+ Midbrain, Pons, Medulla oblongataุŒ ููŠ Lower part
1415
+
1416
+ 371
1417
+ 00:33:19,550 --> 00:33:25,270
1418
+ of Medulla oblongata ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ Decussation ุงูˆ
1419
+
1420
+ 372
1421
+ 00:33:25,270 --> 00:33:28,390
1422
+ crossing ุงู„ู€ Corticospinal tract ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู†
1423
+
1424
+ 373
1425
+ 00:33:28,390 --> 00:33:32,210
1426
+ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุจูŠุชุฌู‡ ู„ู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ุจูŠุชุฌู‡
1427
+
1428
+ 374
1429
+ 00:33:32,210 --> 00:33:35,670
1430
+ ู„ู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุนู„ุดุงู† ุฃุณุฃู„ูƒ ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู†
1431
+
1432
+ 375
1433
+ 00:33:35,670 --> 00:33:39,230
1434
+ ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin ุจุชูƒูˆู†ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ Opposite side ู„ูˆ
1435
+
1436
+ 376
1437
+ 00:33:39,230 --> 00:33:42,330
1438
+ ุญุฏุซ ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin ุจุชูƒูˆู†ุŸ
1439
+
1440
+ 377
1441
+ 00:33:42,330 --> 00:33:46,870
1442
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ Right side ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง Pyramidal
1443
+
1444
+ 378
1445
+ 00:33:46,870 --> 00:33:50,390
1446
+ Decussation ู†ุญุงูˆู„
1447
+
1448
+ 379
1449
+ 00:33:51,260 --> 00:34:05,480
1450
+ ู‡ุฑุณู… ู„ูƒู… ุฅูŠุงู‡ู… ู‡ู†ุง ู‚ุฏ ุงู„ุฅู…ูƒุงู† ู„ู…ุง
1451
+
1452
+ 380
1453
+ 00:34:05,480 --> 00:34:09,140
1454
+ ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู€ Motor ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุนู„ู‰ Descending tract
1455
+
1456
+ 381
1457
+ 00:34:09,140 --> 00:34:12,320
1458
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ tract ุฑุงุญ ุฃุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ cortex ูˆ ุฃู†ุฒู„
1459
+
1460
+ 382
1461
+ 00:34:12,320 --> 00:34:12,880
1462
+ ู„ู„ู…ุตุฏุฑ
1463
+
1464
+ 383
1465
+ 00:34:31,900 --> 00:34:39,060
1466
+ ู‡ู†ุง Area precentral
1467
+
1468
+ 384
1469
+ 00:34:39,060 --> 00:34:44,400
1470
+ Gyrus
1471
+
1472
+ 385
1473
+ 00:34:44,400 --> 00:34:51,640
1474
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ Area ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ููŠ ู‡ู†ุง
1475
+
1476
+ 386
1477
+ 00:34:56,400 --> 00:35:10,060
1478
+ Internal Capsule ุจุนุฏูŠู†
1479
+
1480
+ 387
1481
+ 00:35:10,060 --> 00:35:10,660
1482
+ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1483
+
1484
+ 388
1485
+ 00:35:25,740 --> 00:35:30,240
1486
+ Midbrain Pons
1487
+
1488
+ 389
1489
+ 00:35:30,240 --> 00:35:33,260
1490
+ Medulla
1491
+
1492
+ 390
1493
+ 00:35:33,2
1494
+
1495
+ 401
1496
+ 00:37:05,330 --> 00:37:11,950
1497
+ pre-central area ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ upper ูˆ ุงู„ middle
1498
+
1499
+ 402
1500
+ 00:37:11,950 --> 00:37:20,710
1501
+ one third ุฑุงุญ ุงู„ fibers ุชู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ posterior limb
1502
+
1503
+ 403
1504
+ 00:37:20,710 --> 00:37:30,910
1505
+ of the internal capsule, midbrain, pons, medulla
1506
+
1507
+ 404
1508
+ 00:37:30,910 --> 00:37:40,650
1509
+ oblongata ู‡ุฐุง ุฅูŠุด ุงุณู…ู‡ุŸ ุงุณู…ู‡ cortico spinal
1510
+
1511
+ 405
1512
+ 00:37:40,650 --> 00:37:52,310
1513
+ tract ุชู…ุงู… ู‡ู†ุง the internal capsule ู‡ุฐุง left internal
1514
+
1515
+ 406
1516
+ 00:37:52,310 --> 00:38:04,370
1517
+ capsule, the internal capsule
1518
+
1519
+ 407
1520
+ 00:38:04,370 --> 00:38:08,250
1521
+ internal
1522
+
1523
+ 408
1524
+ 00:38:08,250 --> 00:38:12,650
1525
+ capsule
1526
+
1527
+ 409
1528
+ 00:38:12,650 --> 00:38:20,850
1529
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ lower part of medulla oblongata ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1530
+
1531
+ 410
1532
+ 00:38:20,850 --> 00:38:26,410
1533
+ ู‡ูˆ corticospinal tract ุจูŠุนู…ู„ incomplete decussation
1534
+
1535
+ 411
1536
+ 00:38:26,410 --> 00:38:30,870
1537
+ ุฃูˆ crossing ุจูŠุนู…ู„ incomplete decussationุŒ ุงู„ main
1538
+
1539
+ 412
1540
+ 00:38:30,870 --> 00:38:33,890
1541
+ fibers ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆ ุซู…ุงู†ูŠู†ุŒ ุชุณุนูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฆุฉ
1542
+
1543
+ 413
1544
+ 00:38:33,890 --> 00:38:39,610
1545
+ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง crossing ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ opposite sideุŒ ุงู„ู†ุฑุณุงู†ุช ู…ูŠู†
1546
+
1547
+ 414
1548
+ 00:38:39,610 --> 00:38:45,570
1549
+ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ left corticospinal tract ูˆ ุจูŠุชุฌู‡ ู„ ุงู„ right
1550
+
1551
+ 415
1552
+ 00:38:45,570 --> 00:38:55,090
1553
+ side ูˆ ุจูŠููˆุช ู„ ููŠ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ lateral column ููŠ ุงู„
1554
+
1555
+ 416
1556
+ 00:38:55,090 --> 00:39:03,670
1557
+ lateral column of spinal cord ูˆ ุจุฏุฃ
1558
+
1559
+ 417
1560
+ 00:39:03,670 --> 00:39:11,170
1561
+ ู†ู†ุฒู„ ู…ุซู„ ุฎุท ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจุง ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ูˆูŠู† ุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠุŸ ุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ at
1562
+
1563
+ 418
1564
+ 00:39:11,170 --> 00:39:17,370
1565
+ the level of
1566
+
1567
+ 419
1568
+ 00:39:19,260 --> 00:39:29,060
1569
+ S2 sacral two spinal cord ูŠุนู†ูŠ
1570
+
1571
+ 420
1572
+ 00:39:29,060 --> 00:39:33,640
1573
+ ุจู†ุชู‡ูŠ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ level sacral two S2 segment of spinal
1574
+
1575
+ 421
1576
+ 00:39:33,640 --> 00:39:37,900
1577
+ cord ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุดุจู‡ ุฎุท ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจุง ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ุงู„ู†ุงุฒู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌ
1578
+
1579
+ 422
1580
+ 00:39:37,900 --> 00:39:44,160
1581
+ ู†ุงุฒู„ ูˆ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ูŠุตู„ ุทุงุจู‚ ููŠ ุงู„ุดุฌุฑุฉ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู‡ุง ุณู„ูƒุŒ ุฎุท ู‡ุฐุง
1582
+
1583
+ 423
1584
+ 00:39:44,160 --> 00:39:52,070
1585
+ ุฅูŠุด ุงุณู…ู‡ ุงู„ู€ left ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุญูˆู„ ู„ู€ right ููŠ ุงู„ spinal
1586
+
1587
+ 424
1588
+ 00:39:52,070 --> 00:39:57,730
1589
+ cord ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงุณู…ู‡ุŸ right cortico
1590
+
1591
+ 425
1592
+ 00:39:57,730 --> 00:40:09,550
1593
+ ุฃูˆ ุงุณู…ู‡ ุตุญ ู‡ูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡
1594
+
1595
+ 426
1596
+ 00:40:09,550 --> 00:40:14,450
1597
+ ุตุญ right lateral
1598
+
1599
+ 427
1600
+ 00:40:16,840 --> 00:40:21,320
1601
+ corticospinal tract right lateral corticospinal
1602
+
1603
+ 428
1604
+ 00:40:21,320 --> 00:40:25,860
1605
+ tract ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฎุท ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ูŠุตู„ ุงู„ู€ anterior horn
1606
+
1607
+ 429
1608
+ 00:40:25,860 --> 00:40:32,360
1609
+ cells ุจูŠุนุทูŠู‡ู… ุฅูŠุดุŸ fibers ุจูŠุนุทูŠู‡ู… ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ fibers ุนู„ู‰
1610
+
1611
+ 430
1612
+ 00:40:32,360 --> 00:40:36,340
1613
+ ูƒู„ segment ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ segment ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ุฏู…ุฌ ู„ู„
1614
+
1615
+ 431
1616
+ 00:40:36,340 --> 00:40:39,960
1617
+ corticospinal tract ููŠ ุงู„ brain ุฃูˆ spinal cord ู‡ุฐุง
1618
+
1619
+ 432
1620
+ 00:40:39,960 --> 00:40:44,040
1621
+ ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฅูŠุดุŸ upper motoneurone lesion upper
1622
+
1623
+ 433
1624
+ 00:40:44,040 --> 00:40:51,860
1625
+ motoneurone lesion ุงู„ุฌุฒุก
1626
+
1627
+ 434
1628
+ 00:40:51,860 --> 00:40:57,560
1629
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุง ุนู…ู„ุด crossing ู‡ุฐุง
1630
+
1631
+ 435
1632
+ 00:40:57,560 --> 00:41:05,640
1633
+ ุจูŠู†ุฒู„ ููŠ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ุจูŠู†ุฒู„ ููŠ ุงู„ anterior
1634
+
1635
+ 436
1636
+ 00:41:05,640 --> 00:41:11,100
1637
+ column of spinal cord ูˆ ุจูƒู…ู„ ุทุฑูŠู‚ู‡ ูˆูŠู† ุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ
1638
+
1639
+ 437
1640
+ 00:41:19,510 --> 00:41:23,630
1641
+ ends at lower
1642
+
1643
+ 438
1644
+ 00:41:23,630 --> 00:41:30,590
1645
+ thoracic level ููŠ
1646
+
1647
+ 439
1648
+ 00:41:30,590 --> 00:41:34,010
1649
+ ู†ุงุณ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ middle thoracic levelุŒ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠู†
1650
+
1651
+ 440
1652
+ 00:41:34,010 --> 00:41:40,530
1653
+ ุตุญ middle ุฃูˆ lower thoracic ู‡ุฐุง ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠุนุทูŠุŸ ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ู„
1654
+
1655
+ 441
1656
+ 00:41:40,530 --> 00:41:48,250
1657
+ ุฅูŠุดุŸ ู„ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู†ุชู‡ู‰ ู‡ู†ุงุŒ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ุด ุฑุงุญ ูŠุตู„ ู„ number
1658
+
1659
+ 442
1660
+ 00:41:51,940 --> 00:42:11,700
1661
+ ุนุดุงู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุตุญ ูˆูŠู†
1662
+
1663
+ 443
1664
+ 00:42:11,700 --> 00:42:14,980
1665
+ ุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ end at
1666
+
1667
+ 444
1668
+ 00:42:21,190 --> 00:42:26,490
1669
+ the lower thoracic
1670
+
1671
+ 445
1672
+ 00:42:26,490 --> 00:42:33,110
1673
+ level ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ .. ุฅูŠุด ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุŸ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ventral
1674
+
1675
+ 446
1676
+ 00:42:37,550 --> 00:42:42,630
1677
+ ูˆุงุถุงูุชู‡ ุฅูŠุด ูŠุง ุบุฏู‰ุŸ ูˆุงุถูŠูุชู‡ ู„ู€ ุบุฏู‰ ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ chest
1678
+
1679
+ 447
1680
+ 00:42:42,630 --> 00:42:46,790
1681
+ muscle ุฃูˆ thoracic muscle ุฃูˆ respiratory muscle
1682
+
1683
+ 448
1684
+ 00:42:46,790 --> 00:42:49,570
1685
+ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ
1686
+
1687
+ 449
1688
+ 00:42:49,570 --> 00:42:52,290
1689
+ ูˆ ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ
1690
+
1691
+ 450
1692
+ 00:42:52,290 --> 00:42:56,990
1693
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ุงู„ both anterior horn cells for
1694
+
1695
+ 451
1696
+ 00:42:56,990 --> 00:43:03,820
1697
+ respiratory muscle ุทูŠุจ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุฅูŠุด corticospinal
1698
+
1699
+ 452
1700
+ 00:43:03,820 --> 00:43:09,240
1701
+ tract ู‡ู†ุง ู…ุฑุณูˆู…ูŠู† ููŠ slide ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ู†ุง
1702
+
1703
+ 453
1704
+ 00:43:09,240 --> 00:43:14,400
1705
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ pyramidal decussation ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ pyramids ุจุชุญูˆู„ ู„ู€
1706
+
1707
+ 454
1708
+ 00:43:14,400 --> 00:43:18,040
1709
+ decussation ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุญุฏุซ ู…ุนุงู‡ ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ููŠ
1710
+
1711
+ 455
1712
+ 00:43:18,040 --> 00:43:20,580
1713
+ ุงู„ left cerebral hemisphere ูˆ ู„ูŠ ุงู„ hemiplegia
1714
+
1715
+ 456
1716
+ 00:43:20,580 --> 00:43:23,800
1717
+ ูŠุชูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right ุทูŠุจ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ spinal cord
1718
+
1719
+ 457
1720
+ 00:43:23,800 --> 00:43:28,300
1721
+ ู„ุฃุฎู„ุต ุงู„ crossing ุตุงุฑ ุฏู…ุฌ ููŠ ุงู„ spinal cordุŒ ุนู„ู‰
1722
+
1723
+ 458
1724
+ 00:43:28,300 --> 00:43:31,500
1725
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุจุฏูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ motorุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„
1726
+
1727
+ 459
1728
+ 00:43:31,500 --> 00:43:34,840
1729
+ crossing ุฎู„ุต ูˆูŠู† ุจุชุชู… ุงู„ crossingุŸ ุจุชุชู… ุงู„
1730
+
1731
+ 460
1732
+ 00:43:34,840 --> 00:43:41,440
1733
+ crossing ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ lower part
1734
+
1735
+ 461
1736
+ 00:43:41,440 --> 00:43:50,030
1737
+ of medulla oblongata ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณูู„ 80% ู„ู€
1738
+
1739
+ 462
1740
+ 00:43:50,030 --> 00:43:57,710
1741
+ 85% ู…ู† ุงู„ fibers ูŠู‚ูˆู…ูˆู† ุจู€ crossings ูˆ ูŠุฑูˆุญูˆุง ุนู„ู‰
1742
+
1743
+ 463
1744
+ 00:43:57,710 --> 00:44:02,660
1745
+ ุงู„ู€ opposite side ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lateral column ูˆุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1746
+
1747
+ 464
1748
+ 00:44:02,660 --> 00:44:05,840
1749
+ ุจูŠุธู„ูˆุง .. ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… ุฅูŠุดุŸ indirect ู„ูŠุด ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู…
1750
+
1751
+ 465
1752
+ 00:44:05,840 --> 00:44:09,200
1753
+ indirectุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ู… ุนู…ู„ูˆุง crossing ูˆ ุงุชุฌู‡ูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
1754
+
1755
+ 466
1756
+ 00:44:09,200 --> 00:44:13,500
1757
+ opposite side ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… crossed corticospinal tract
1758
+
1759
+ 467
1760
+ 00:44:13,500 --> 00:44:18,300
1761
+ ูˆ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ูŠุฎู„ุตูˆุง ูƒู„ fibers ุฃูˆ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ูŠู†ุณู‰ ุงู„ segment
1762
+
1763
+ 468
1764
+ 00:44:18,300 --> 00:44:22,780
1765
+ ุจูŠุทู„ุนูˆุง fibers ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ anterior horn cells ูƒู„ ู…ุง
1766
+
1767
+ 469
1768
+ 00:44:22,780 --> 00:44:25,800
1769
+ ูŠู†ุณู‰ ุงู„ segment ุจูŠุทู„ุนูˆุง fibers ู„ู„ anterior horn
1770
+
1771
+ 470
1772
+ 00:44:25,800 --> 00:44:30,620
1773
+ cells ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ู€ 15 ู„ู€ 20% ู…ู† ุงู„ fibers ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุถุงู„ู‡ู… ู‚ุฏุฑ
1774
+
1775
+ 471
1776
+ 00:44:31,510 --> 00:44:36,350
1777
+ ูˆ ู…ุง ุนู…ู„ูˆุด crossing ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… direct anterior ุฃูˆ
1778
+
1779
+ 472
1780
+ 00:44:36,350 --> 00:44:40,430
1781
+ ventral corticospinal tract ุจูŠุนุทูˆู†ุง fibers ู„ู„
1782
+
1783
+ 473
1784
+ 00:44:40,430 --> 00:44:44,430
1785
+ anterior horn cells ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ segment ุจุณ ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„
1786
+
1787
+ 474
1788
+ 00:44:44,430 --> 00:44:49,790
1789
+ both cerebral hemisphere ูˆูŠู† ุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูˆุงุŸ ุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูˆุง ููŠ
1790
+
1791
+ 475
1792
+ 00:44:49,790 --> 00:44:53,450
1793
+ ุงู„ mid thoracic ู…ู…ูƒู† ููŠ ู…ุฑุงุฌุน ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„
1794
+
1795
+ 476
1796
+ 00:44:53,450 --> 00:44:56,290
1797
+ lower thoracic ุงุนุชุจุฑู‡ู… mid thoracic ุนุดุงู† ู…ุง
1798
+
1799
+ 477
1800
+ 00:44:56,290 --> 00:44:59,490
1801
+ ุชุชุฎุฑุจุทูˆุด ู†ุนุชู…ุฏู‡ู… mid thoracic ููŠ ู…ุฑุงุฌุน ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง
1802
+
1803
+ 478
1804
+ 00:44:59,490 --> 00:45:06,100
1805
+ lower thoracic, mid thoracicุŒ ู†ุนุชู…ุฏู‡ู… ู„ู„ูƒู„ level
1806
+
1807
+ 479
1808
+ 00:45:06,100 --> 00:45:11,540
1809
+ ุงู„ุขู† ุฃู†ุง ุจูƒู…ู„ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉุŒ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก
1810
+
1811
+ 480
1812
+ 00:45:11,540 --> 00:45:17,800
1813
+ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฑุงุญ ุฃูƒู…ู„ุฉ ููŠ ุฌุฒุก ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน
1814
+
1815
+ 481
1816
+ 00:45:17,800 --> 00:45:19,500
1817
+ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุŒ ุนุดุงู† ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุงู„ุนุงููŠุฉ
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/TA3oR4M8isw_postprocess.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,1924 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:05,670 --> 00:00:09,390
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:09,390 --> 00:00:14,170
7
+ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุนุดุฑ ุฑุญ ุชูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:14,170 --> 00:00:17,190
11
+ anatomy and physiology of the motor system ุงู„
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:17,190 --> 00:00:20,870
15
+ motor system ู…ู‡ู… ู„ูƒู… ุฌุฏุง ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุฑุญ ูŠุชู… ุดุฑุญู‡ ููŠ
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:20,870 --> 00:00:24,030
19
+ ุฃุณุจูˆุนูŠู† ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ููŠ ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุนุดุฑ ูˆุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:24,030 --> 00:00:29,210
23
+ ููŠ ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ุนุดุฑ ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ motor system
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:29,210 --> 00:00:35,780
27
+ what's the components of the motor systemู…ู† ุงูŠุด
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:35,780 --> 00:00:42,500
31
+ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ motor systemุŸ ุงูˆู„ ุดูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† cortical
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:42,500 --> 00:00:46,740
35
+ motor area cortical motor area ูŠุนู†ูŠ primary
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:46,740 --> 00:00:50,820
39
+ cortical motor area ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ pre central
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:50,820 --> 00:00:58,660
43
+ gyrus area 4ูˆ secondary motor areaุŒ area ุฑู‚ู… 6
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:00:58,660 --> 00:01:04,180
47
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ frontal loop anterior to the precentral
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:04,180 --> 00:01:09,840
51
+ gyrus and cortical association area ุฏู„ูˆู„ ุดุฆ ุจู†ุชูƒู„ู…
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:09,840 --> 00:01:16,620
55
+ ุนู† ุงู„ cortical motor area ุงุชู†ูŠู† Basal nuclei ุงู„ู„ูŠ
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:16,620 --> 00:01:20,860
59
+ ู‡ูˆ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ extrapyramidal nervous system ู…ุซู„ ุงู„
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:20,860 --> 00:01:26,670
63
+ butamineglobus pallidus ูƒูˆุฏูŠุช ุฃู…ูŠุฌุฏุงู„ูˆูŠุฏ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:26,670 --> 00:01:34,490
67
+ ูˆุฅูƒู„ุงูˆุณุฑ ุณูŠุฑูŠุจูŠู„ุง brain
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:34,490 --> 00:01:39,330
71
+ stem ุฌุฏุงุฏ ุฏู…ุงุบ spinal cord ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ุฃุฌุฒุงุก
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:39,330 --> 00:01:43,330
75
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ุง ู‚ุจู„ motor ู„ูŠุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ brain stem ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:43,330 --> 00:01:45,950
79
+ ูู‚ุท motor ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ sensor ุงู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ุฃุฌุฒุงุก
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:45,950 --> 00:01:52,660
83
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุฎุต motor spinal cordุจุฑูŠููŠุฑุงู„ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ูุงูŠุฑุฒ
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:01:52,660 --> 00:01:58,460
87
+ ุจุฑููŠุฑุงู„ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูŠุฑู ูุงูŠุฑุฒ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ nerve ููŠู‡ sensory
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:01:58,460 --> 00:02:00,740
91
+ fibers ูˆ ููŠู‡ autonomic fibers ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:00,740 --> 00:02:04,800
95
+ motor fibers ุงู„ neuromuscular junction ุงู„
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:04,800 --> 00:02:08,920
99
+ neuromuscular junction and muscle and muscle
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:08,920 --> 00:02:11,980
103
+ what's
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:11,980 --> 00:02:16,100
107
+ the components of the extrapyramidal motor system
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:17,480 --> 00:02:23,060
111
+ Extrapyramidal motor system ุจุฏุฎู„ ููŠู‡ุง ุจูŠุฒุงู„
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:23,060 --> 00:02:27,600
115
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ูƒูˆุฏุงุช ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุจูŠูˆุชุงู…ูŠู† ุฌู„ูˆุจุงุณ ุจูŠุถุงุณ
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:27,600 --> 00:02:31,520
119
+ ูƒู„ุงูˆุณุชุฑูˆู… ุงู…ูŠุฌุฏุงู„ูˆูŠุฏ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ูƒู„ู‡ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุจูŠุฒุงู„
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:31,520 --> 00:02:38,810
123
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠsubthalamus ุณูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุฏูŠุงู†
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:02:38,810 --> 00:02:42,810
127
+ ุณูŠูุฑูˆู†ุŒ ู…ุชุฐูƒุฑูŠู† ุฏูŠุงู† ุณูŠูุฑูˆู†ุŸ ุซู„ุงู…ุณุŒ ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซู„ุงู…ุณุŒ
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:02:42,810 --> 00:02:45,470
131
+ ุณุจุซู„ุงู…ุณุŒ ู…ูŠุชุงุซู„ุงู…ุณุŒ ุฅูŠุจูŠุซุงู„ุงู…ุณุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:02:45,470 --> 00:02:49,390
135
+ subthalamus ุณูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุฏูŠุงู† ุณูŠูุฑูˆู†ุŒ ูˆ
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:02:49,390 --> 00:02:54,990
139
+ ุงู„ thalamus ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ู† ุฏูŠุงู† ุณูŠูุฑูˆู†
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:02:55,700 --> 00:03:00,140
143
+ Substantia Negra ู‡ูŠ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Extra Pyramidal
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:00,140 --> 00:03:06,560
147
+ Nervous System ูˆู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Midbrain
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:06,560 --> 00:03:11,680
151
+ Substantia
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:11,680 --> 00:03:17,670
155
+ Negra ุชูุฑุฒ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู†ูŠู† ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุญุฏุซ ู†ู‚ุตููŠ ู…ุงุฏุฉ
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:17,670 --> 00:03:22,750
159
+ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจู†ุชุฌ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู…ุฑุถ ุงุณู…ู‡ Parkinson
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:22,750 --> 00:03:28,650
163
+ disease ุงูˆ shaking palsy ู…ุฑุถ ุดูุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฑุนุงุด ุงูˆ ู…ุฑุถ
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:28,650 --> 00:03:34,250
167
+ Parkinson Red nucleus ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูƒู…ุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ middle
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:34,250 --> 00:03:39,730
171
+ brain ูˆูŠู„ู‡ุง ุฏูˆุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ extrapyramidal
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:03:39,730 --> 00:03:46,730
175
+ nervous systemclinical correlation of the
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:03:46,730 --> 00:03:53,150
179
+ extrapyramidal nervous system ู„ูŠู‡ ู„ู‡ู… ู…ู„ุงู‚ุงุฉ ุจุจุนุถ
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:03:53,150 --> 00:03:58,930
183
+ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† disease ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ degeneration
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:03:58,930 --> 00:04:04,270
187
+ and depigmentation of neurons in the substantia
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:04,270 --> 00:04:07,070
191
+ nigra ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุฑุงุญ ู†ุงุฎุฏู‡ ููŠ ุณู†ุฉ ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ููŠ
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:07,070 --> 00:04:14,040
195
+ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉุจูŠุญุฏุซ neurodegenerative changes in the
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:14,040 --> 00:04:19,020
199
+ substantia nigra ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูุฑุฒ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:19,020 --> 00:04:21,720
203
+ ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† Parkinson disease ูŠุนุชุจุฑ it chronic
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:21,720 --> 00:04:27,120
207
+ slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:04:27,120 --> 00:04:35,960
211
+ characterized by loss of pigmented neurons in the
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:04:35,960 --> 00:04:41,590
215
+ substantia nigraูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุงูŠู‡ loss of
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:04:41,590 --> 00:04:46,430
219
+ pigmented neurons in substantia negra ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:04:46,430 --> 00:04:50,730
223
+ ูŠุคุฏูŠ ุงู„ู‰ ุงูŠู‡ ุจุฑุงุฏูŠูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒูŠุง ุงูˆ ู‡ูŠุจูˆูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒูŠุง ุจุชู‚ู
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:04:50,730 --> 00:04:58,330
227
+ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ muscle rigidity breast tremor ุจุณ ุดุบู„
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:04:58,330 --> 00:05:03,470
231
+ instability ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ู„ุฅูŠู‡ ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:03,470 --> 00:05:09,120
235
+ Parkinson disease ุงุซู†ูŠู†Huntington's disease ุฃูˆ
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:09,120 --> 00:05:14,560
239
+ ูƒูˆุฑูŠุฉุชุนุชุจุฑ autosomal dominant ุฃูˆ ุฏุงุฆุฑ ุฑู‚ุต ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:14,560 --> 00:05:20,060
243
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถูˆ ู…ุงุดูŠ ู…ุซู„ ุจุฑู‚ุต ุฏุงุฆุฑ ุฑู‚ุต autosomal dominant
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:20,060 --> 00:05:25,500
247
+ movement disorder associated with severe
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:25,500 --> 00:05:33,140
251
+ degeneration of the cholinergic and GABAergic
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:05:33,140 --> 00:05:40,770
255
+ neurons ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุงุนุชุจุฑ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ GABAู‡ูˆ
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:05:40,770 --> 00:05:46,750
259
+ ุจุงู„ ูƒูˆู„ูŠู†ูŠุฑุฌูŠูƒ ุชู…ุงู… which are located in the
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:05:46,750 --> 00:05:50,910
263
+ caudate nucleus and butamine ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:05:50,910 --> 00:05:57,970
267
+ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ูƒูˆุฑูŠุฉ and dementia and dementia ูˆู†ุชุฌ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:05:57,970 --> 00:06:04,530
271
+ degeneration ููŠ ุงู„ูƒูˆู„ูŠู†ูŠุฑุฌูŠูƒ ูˆุงู„ู‚ุนุจุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ู‚ุนุจุฉ
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:04,530 --> 00:06:06,170
275
+ amino biotic acid
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:15,630 --> 00:06:22,210
279
+ ุจุงู„ูŠุฒู…ุณ ุฃูˆ ู‡ูŠุจูˆ ุจุงู„ูŠุฒู…ุณ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุดูŠุก ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุดูˆูู‡ ููŠ
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:22,210 --> 00:06:25,590
283
+ ุญุงู„ุงุช ischemic infarction ู„ู…ุง ูŠุญุฏุซ ischemic
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:25,590 --> 00:06:30,770
287
+ infarction ููŠ ุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡ Lewis body ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:06:30,770 --> 00:06:34,450
291
+ ููŠ ุงู„ subthalamus ุชุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฅูŠู‡ ุจุงู„ูŠุฒู…ุณ ุฃูˆ
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:06:34,450 --> 00:06:38,670
295
+ hemibalism involuntary movementููŠ ู…ูˆุงุถุน ุขุฎุฑ
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:06:40,480 --> 00:06:45,220
299
+ Hepatolenticular Degeneration ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ูˆูŠู„ุณูˆู†
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:06:45,220 --> 00:06:51,500
303
+ ุฏูŠุฒูŠุฒ ู…ุฑุถ ูˆูŠู„ุณูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุณู…ูˆู‡ Hepatolenticular
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:06:51,500 --> 00:06:55,180
307
+ Degeneration ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ุจูŠุตูŠุจ ุงู„ู„ูุฑ ูˆุจูŠุตูŠุจ ุงู„ุจูŠุฒุง
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:06:55,180 --> 00:06:59,320
311
+ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ู„ูŠู†ุชูŠููˆุฑ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ accumulation of
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:06:59,320 --> 00:07:03,040
315
+ copper ูˆุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู†ุฒุงูŠู… ุงุณู…ู‡
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:07:03,040 --> 00:07:06,900
319
+ ุงู„ceruloplasmin ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ceruloplasmin ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ููŠ
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:06,900 --> 00:07:10,300
323
+ mutation ุฃูˆ ุชุณู…ู‰ ุงู„ recessive diseaseูˆ
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:10,300 --> 00:07:15,080
327
+ ุณูŠุฑูˆู„ูู„ุงุฒู…ูŠู† ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุนู…ู„ binding ู…ุน ุงู„ู‚ุจุฑ ุชุชุญุฏ
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:07:15,080 --> 00:07:18,380
331
+ ู…ุน ุงู„ู†ุญุงุณ ูˆ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ู…ุนู‡ ุงู„ุจุนูˆุถ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ู…ุนู‡ ุนุตุงุฑุฉ
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:07:18,380 --> 00:07:25,280
335
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุฑู…ู† ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุงู† ููŠ mutation ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:07:25,280 --> 00:07:32,560
339
+ enzyme ุจูŠุญุฏุซ block ูˆ ุนุฏู… ู…ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุชุญุงุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ู‚ุจุฑ
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:07:32,560 --> 00:07:36,900
343
+ ูˆ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ accumulation ู„ู„ู‚ุจุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ body ูˆ ุงู„ู‚ุจุฑ ุฑุงุญ
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:07:36,900 --> 00:07:40,560
347
+ ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ liver ูˆ ุงู„ base ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ other
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:07:40,560 --> 00:07:45,660
351
+ organs type
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:07:45,660 --> 00:07:50,490
355
+ of body movementsุงู„ุงู† ุงูŠุด ุงู„ body movements ููŠ
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:07:50,490 --> 00:07:56,190
359
+ autonomous ุงูˆ reflex movement ุงู†ุง ุจุนู…ู„ ุญุฑูƒุงุช
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:07:56,190 --> 00:07:59,370
363
+ reflex ุจุฏูˆู† ุฅุฑุงุฏุฉ ุจุฏูˆู† ุฅุฑุงุฏุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:07:59,370 --> 00:08:05,410
367
+ involuntary movement ุงูˆ postural without ุงูˆ ุงูˆ
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:08:05,410 --> 00:08:08,970
371
+ ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ withdrawal reflex withdrawal reflex ูŠุนู†ูŠ
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:08:08,970 --> 00:08:14,890
375
+ ุงู†ุง ุจุนู…ู„ู‡ุง ุจุฏูˆู† ู…ุง .. ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุญุฑูƒุงุช ู„ุง ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:08:14,890 --> 00:08:21,730
379
+ ุญุฑูƒุงุช ู„ุง ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุฉูˆููŠ rhythmic voluntary movement ู…ุซู„
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:08:21,730 --> 00:08:25,730
383
+ ุงู„ chewing ูˆ walking ู‡ุฐู‡ ุญุฑูƒุงุช ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏุฃ
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:08:25,730 --> 00:08:30,490
387
+ ุงุชุญุฑูƒ ุงุชุญุฑูƒ ู…ุดูŠุช ูˆู‚ูุช ุฎู„ุงุต ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ voluntary
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:08:30,490 --> 00:08:39,290
391
+ movement ุงู†ุง ุจุชุญูƒู… ููŠู‡ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุงุช the
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:08:39,290 --> 00:08:43,990
395
+ anterior horn cells ููŠ ุงู„ spinal cord ููŠ anterior
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:08:43,990 --> 00:08:48,820
399
+ horn cellsู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ anterior horn cells ุงู„ู€ main
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:08:48,820 --> 00:08:53,940
403
+ function ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ุง motor main function ู„ู‡ุง motor ุงู„ู€
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:08:53,940 --> 00:08:57,900
407
+ anterior horn cells consist of motor cells ูŠุจู‚ู‰
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:08:57,900 --> 00:09:02,360
411
+ ููŠู‡ุง ุฃูŠู‡ุŸ motor cells ุงู„ู€ anterior horn cells
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:09:02,360 --> 00:09:09,840
415
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠู‡ุง medial group nuclei central group
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:09:09,840 --> 00:09:16,670
419
+ nucleiand lateral group nuclei ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:09:16,670 --> 00:09:21,370
423
+ ุงู„ู‡ูˆุฑูˆู† ุณูŠู„ุฒ ููŠู‡ุง ูƒุงู… ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู„ูŠ ุฌุฑูˆุจ
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:09:21,370 --> 00:09:29,390
427
+ central group and lateral group ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู„ูŠ
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:09:29,390 --> 00:09:35,890
431
+ ุฌุฑูˆุจ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู„ูŠ ุฌุฑูˆุจ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ูƒู„ spinal cordุฃุถุงุก
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:09:35,890 --> 00:09:39,630
435
+ ุงู„ mediary group ููŠ ุงู„ thoracic segment ุจู†ุฌุณู…ู‡
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:09:39,630 --> 00:09:45,150
439
+ ู„ventromedial and dorsomedial ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู†
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:09:45,150 --> 00:09:51,630
443
+ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ trunk supply the muscle of trunk ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ููŠ
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:09:51,630 --> 00:09:57,010
447
+ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงูŠู‡ ู„ู„ trunkุŸ Central group ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:09:57,010 --> 00:10:04,330
451
+ ุงู„ upper cervical part ููŠ C1 ูˆ C4ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:10:04,330 --> 00:10:10,090
455
+ ุจูŠุนุทูˆุง fibers ู„ู€ pharynx nerve ูˆ spinal accessory
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:10:10,090 --> 00:10:14,010
459
+ nerve ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ุฐูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู† pharynx nerve
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:10:14,010 --> 00:10:18,870
463
+ ู„ุฏูŠ ุฃูุฑุงุฏ ูˆ spinal accessory nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุบุฏู‰
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:10:18,870 --> 00:10:24,070
467
+ trapezius muscle and sternocleidomastoid muscle
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:10:24,070 --> 00:10:30,320
471
+ lateral groupู…ู† ุฌุณู… ุงู„ู€Ventral Lateral ูˆDorsal
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:10:30,320 --> 00:10:33,940
475
+ Lateral ู‡ุฐูŠู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ lower cervical ููŠ ุงู„
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:10:33,940 --> 00:10:39,560
479
+ lumber ููŠ ุงู„ upper segment of sacral ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู†
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:10:39,560 --> 00:10:46,720
483
+ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู† ุงู„ upper ูˆ lower limb muscle ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ medial
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:10:46,720 --> 00:10:50,200
487
+ group muscle ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ trunk ูˆ ุงู„ abdominal
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:10:50,200 --> 00:10:55,630
491
+ muscleCentral group ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† Pharynx ุฃูˆ
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:10:55,630 --> 00:10:59,010
495
+ Diaphragmatic nerve ูˆ Spinal accessory nerve
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:10:59,010 --> 00:11:03,010
499
+ ุจูŠุบุฏูˆุง ุงู„ Diaphragm ูˆ Trapezius muscle ูˆ
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:11:03,010 --> 00:11:08,870
503
+ Sternocleidomastoid muscle ูˆ Lateral group ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู†
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:11:08,870 --> 00:11:13,910
507
+ ุฌุณู…ู‡ ู„ูŠู‡ ุฌุณู…ูŠู† Dorsolateral ูˆ Ventrolateral ู‡ุฐูˆู„
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:11:13,910 --> 00:11:17,270
511
+ ุจูŠุบุฏูˆู† ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ุงู„ Upper ูˆ Lower limb muscles
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:11:19,990 --> 00:11:24,530
515
+ rule the spinal cord in motor function ุงูŠุด ูˆุธูŠูุฉ
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:11:24,530 --> 00:11:27,530
519
+ ุงู„ spinal cord ุงูŠุด ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ anterior horn
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:11:27,530 --> 00:11:35,090
523
+ cells ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ spinal cord ููŠ motor neurons
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:11:35,090 --> 00:11:38,970
527
+ ูˆูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุงู„ motor neurons ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:11:38,970 --> 00:11:44,250
531
+ anterior horn cells ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ main function of the
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:11:44,250 --> 00:11:52,040
535
+ anterior horn cells is motor functionููŠ ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ู…ู†
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:11:52,040 --> 00:11:58,460
539
+ ุงู„ู€ neurons ููŠ Alpha Motoneuron ูˆููŠ Gamma
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:11:58,460 --> 00:12:05,510
543
+ Motoneuron Alpha Motoneuronit is large type ูŠุนู†ูŠ
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:12:05,510 --> 00:12:10,190
547
+ give rise to large type a alpha motoneuron fibers
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:12:10,190 --> 00:12:15,330
551
+ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู† stimulation of the muscle fibers
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:12:15,330 --> 00:12:20,430
555
+ ูŠุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ alpha motoneuron ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:12:20,430 --> 00:12:25,110
559
+ large type a alpha ูˆุจูŠุบุฏุฆู†ุง ูˆู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู†
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:12:25,110 --> 00:12:30,380
563
+ stimulation of muscle fibers ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠGamma
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:12:30,380 --> 00:12:35,820
567
+ Motoneuron Gamma Motoneuron ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:12:35,820 --> 00:12:43,040
571
+ small of type A Gamma ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… control the muscle
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:12:43,040 --> 00:12:46,040
575
+ tone ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ small fibers ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:12:46,040 --> 00:12:51,240
579
+ regulation of muscle tone ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ large fibers ุงู„ู„ูŠ
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:12:51,240 --> 00:12:56,300
583
+ ุจูŠุฌูˆุง ู…ู† Alpha Motoneuron ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจ stimulation
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:12:56,300 --> 00:13:01,660
587
+ of muscle fibersูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃูˆู„ ู†ูˆุน ู…ูˆุชูˆ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู†ุฒ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู†
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:13:01,660 --> 00:13:08,660
591
+ ููŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ ู‡ูˆุฑ ุณูŠู„ุฒุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ Inter neurons
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:13:08,660 --> 00:13:15,400
595
+ Inter neurons ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… Intermediate Intermediate
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:13:15,400 --> 00:13:19,480
599
+ neurons ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ Inter neurons ุงูˆ ุงู„ Intermediate
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:13:19,480 --> 00:13:24,520
603
+ neurons ูˆู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† between the sensory
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:13:24,520 --> 00:13:28,740
607
+ neurons and motor ุจูŠู† ุงู„ sensory ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูˆุชุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:13:28,740 --> 00:13:36,220
611
+ ุจู„ุบุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุจูŠู†ุจุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู‡ูˆุฑ ุณูŠู„ุฒ ูˆุงู†ุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:13:36,220 --> 00:13:40,940
615
+ ู‡ูˆุฑ ุณูŠู„ุฒ ู…ุงู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠุฉ ู„ู‡ู…ุŸ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:13:40,940 --> 00:13:45,820
619
+ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠุฉ ุฑูู„ูŠูƒุณ ุณูŠู†ุชุฑ ู…ุซู„ู…ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุงู†ุชุฑ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงุช
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:13:45,820 --> 00:13:49,640
623
+ ุงูŠุฑูŠุง ูˆูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุจูŠู† ุงู„ูู†ุชุฑุงู„ ูˆ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุณู„ ู‡ูˆุฑุณ ุงูˆ
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:13:49,640 --> 00:13:54,400
627
+ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุงู†ุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ุจุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู‡ูˆุฑุณ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:13:55,560 --> 00:13:59,920
631
+ Excitatory for Integrative Function of the Spinal
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:13:59,920 --> 00:14:05,380
635
+ Cord ูŠุนุชุจุฑู‡ Integrative Function ุฃูˆ Reflex Center
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:14:05,380 --> 00:14:07,480
639
+ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… Reflex Center
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:14:26,330 --> 00:14:29,810
643
+ ุจุงู„ motor fibers ุชุนู…ู„ contraction of the muscle
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:14:29,810 --> 00:14:34,750
647
+ ูˆุจูŠุญุธู ุนู†ู‡ุง reflex ู„ุงุฒู…
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:14:34,750 --> 00:14:39,630
651
+ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุดูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ pyramidal attract ุงูŠุด ู‡ูˆ
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:14:39,630 --> 00:14:44,930
655
+ pyramidal attractุŸ pyramidal attract contains
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:14:44,930 --> 00:14:50,710
659
+ about one million nerve fibers ููŠ one million
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:14:50,710 --> 00:14:57,430
663
+ nerve fibersit is the longest nerve fibers in the
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:14:57,430 --> 00:15:02,750
667
+ body ูˆ ุฃุทูˆู„ nerve fibers ุฃูˆ ุฃุทูˆู„ tract ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ู‡ูˆ
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:15:02,750 --> 00:15:07,490
671
+ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠ ุฏู‡ ุงู„ tract ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุจุจุฏุฃุŸ ุงู„ origin
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:15:07,490 --> 00:15:12,560
675
+ ุจุชุงุนู‡ ุจุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุจุช ุงู„ cellsู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:15:12,560 --> 00:15:17,160
679
+ internal pyramidal layer ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃูŠ ุทุจู‚ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุทุจู‚ุฉ
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:15:17,160 --> 00:15:21,420
683
+ ุงู„ุฎุงู…ุณุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ cortex ููŠ ุงู„ internal pyramidal
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:15:21,420 --> 00:15:25,240
687
+ layer ู…ู† ุงูŠุด ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ cortex ููŠ ุงู„histology ุจุชูƒูˆู†
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:15:25,240 --> 00:15:31,300
691
+ ู…ู† six layers ุงูˆู„ layer molecular layer ุซุงู†ูŠ layer
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:15:31,300 --> 00:15:38,020
695
+ external granular layer ุซุงู„ุซExternal Pyramidal
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:15:38,020 --> 00:15:44,240
699
+ Layer ุฑุงุจุน Internal Granular Layer ุฎุงู…ุณ Ganglionic
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:15:44,240 --> 00:15:48,400
703
+ Layers ุฃูˆ Internal Pyramidal Layer ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Internal
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:15:48,400 --> 00:15:53,260
707
+ Pyramidal Layer ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ุจุซุณู„ุฒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ุงูˆ
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:15:53,260 --> 00:15:57,660
711
+ ู‡ู… ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ Pyramidal Retract ูˆุขุฎุฑ ุดูŠ
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:15:57,660 --> 00:16:02,920
715
+ Multiform Layers ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ layers ู‡ู… layers of
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:16:02,920 --> 00:16:04,560
719
+ cerebral cortex
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:16:07,390 --> 00:16:11,550
723
+ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู„ู…ุง ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ cortex ุณุฑุงุญุชู„ูƒู…
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:16:11,550 --> 00:16:20,590
727
+ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ ููŠ
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:16:20,590 --> 00:16:32,450
731
+ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ุฃูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ูƒุฐุง ุงู„ุฑุฃุณ ุชุญุช ุงู„
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:16:32,450 --> 00:16:38,360
735
+ upper limbs ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุตุฑ ูˆุงู„ lower limbs ููˆู‚ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:16:38,360 --> 00:16:42,440
739
+ upper one third ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ lower limbs ููŠ ุงู„ middle
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:16:42,440 --> 00:16:47,740
743
+ one third ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ upper limbs ูˆ ุงู„ trunk ููŠ ุงู„
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:16:47,740 --> 00:16:55,810
747
+ lower one third ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ head ูˆ ุงู„ neckู‡ุฐุง ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:16:55,810 --> 00:17:00,210
751
+ somatotopy cortical somatotopy ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุฃุฌุงู„
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:17:00,210 --> 00:17:05,010
755
+ ุงู„ุชูŠูˆู…ุบ ููŠ ุงู„ upper part ุจูŠุญุฏุซ weakness ููŠ ุงู„
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:17:05,010 --> 00:17:08,370
759
+ opposite lower limb ููŠ ุงู„ middle ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ upper limb
760
+
761
+ 191
762
+ 00:17:08,370 --> 00:17:12,170
763
+ ููŠ ุงู„ lower part ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ face ูˆ ุงู„ head okay
764
+
765
+ 192
766
+ 00:17:12,170 --> 00:17:19,460
767
+ ู…ู„ุงุญุธูŠู† ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ sensory area ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ motor areaูˆูŠู† ุงู„
768
+
769
+ 193
770
+ 00:17:19,460 --> 00:17:23,200
771
+ lower limbsุŸ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ููˆู‚ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุจูŠุฌูŠู‡ุด ุงู„ upper limbs
772
+
773
+ 194
774
+ 00:17:23,200 --> 00:17:26,540
775
+ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุจูŠุฌูŠู‡ ุงู„ head ูˆ ุงู„ neck ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ sensor ู†ูุณ
776
+
777
+ 195
778
+ 00:17:26,540 --> 00:17:30,960
779
+ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ููŠ ุงู„ motor ู‡ู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ upper limb ู‡ู†ุง lower
780
+
781
+ 196
782
+ 00:17:30,960 --> 00:17:34,360
783
+ limb ุจุชูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ upper part ููŠ ุงู„ middle part ุงู„
784
+
785
+ 197
786
+ 00:17:34,360 --> 00:17:37,040
787
+ upper limbs ูˆ ุงู„ head ููŠ ุงู„ lower part ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ
788
+
789
+ 198
790
+ 00:17:37,040 --> 00:17:40,920
791
+ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ face ู‡ูŠ ู‡ู… ู‡ู†ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ
792
+
793
+ 199
794
+ 00:17:40,920 --> 00:17:48,420
795
+ lower limbs upper limbs ูˆ trunk ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ head ูˆ ุงู„
796
+
797
+ 200
798
+ 00:17:48,420 --> 00:17:56,560
799
+ faceู‡ูƒุฐุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ cerebral cortex
800
+
801
+ 201
802
+ 00:17:56,560 --> 00:18:05,220
803
+ ุงู„ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠ
804
+
805
+ 202
806
+ 00:18:05,220 --> 00:18:12,260
807
+ ุฏู‡ ุงู„ tract ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠ ุฏู‡ ุงู„ tract ู†ุฑุณู…ู‡ ู‡ู†ุง ู†ุฎุทุทู‡ ู…ุน
808
+
809
+ 203
810
+ 00:18:12,260 --> 00:18:12,620
811
+ ุจุนุถ
812
+
813
+ 204
814
+ 00:18:19,940 --> 00:18:28,040
815
+ ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„
816
+
817
+ 205
818
+ 00:18:28,040 --> 00:18:31,680
819
+ track
820
+
821
+ 206
822
+ 00:18:31,680 --> 00:18:35,480
823
+ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„
824
+
825
+ 207
826
+ 00:18:35,480 --> 00:18:43,440
827
+ track ู…ู† ุงู„ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ุงูˆู„
828
+
829
+ 208
830
+ 00:18:43,440 --> 00:18:49,180
831
+ ู‚ุณู… ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ cortico spinal
832
+
833
+ 209
834
+ 00:18:52,560 --> 00:19:00,180
835
+ ุงู„ู‚ุณู… ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ
836
+
837
+ 210
838
+ 00:19:00,180 --> 00:19:09,200
839
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ุชุฑุงูƒุช ุงูˆ ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ ุจุงู„ุจุฑ
840
+
841
+ 211
842
+ 00:19:17,420 --> 00:19:21,860
843
+ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ spinal tract ูˆุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ
844
+
845
+ 212
846
+ 00:19:21,860 --> 00:19:24,200
847
+ ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ุฃูˆ ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ ุจู„ุจุฑ
848
+
849
+ 213
850
+ 00:19:35,420 --> 00:19:41,380
851
+ ุงู„ู€ Corticonuclear tract ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ูˆ Corticospinal
852
+
853
+ 214
854
+ 00:19:41,380 --> 00:19:47,400
855
+ tract ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ู…ู† ุงุณู…ู‡ Corticonuclear tract
856
+
857
+ 215
858
+ 00:19:47,400 --> 00:19:51,420
859
+ Corticonuclear tract ุงูŠู‡ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงูŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ
860
+
861
+ 216
862
+ 00:19:51,420 --> 00:20:01,180
863
+ Corticonuclear tractุŸ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง fibers ู„ู…ู†ุŸ ู„ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ
864
+
865
+ 217
866
+ 00:20:02,580 --> 00:20:11,160
867
+ ู‡ูˆ cells in the spinal cord ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุง ู†ุณู…ูˆ Cortico-H
868
+
869
+ 218
870
+ 00:20:11,160 --> 00:20:14,820
871
+ spinal ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ cortex ูˆ ุจู†ุชู‡ูŠ ูˆูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„
872
+
873
+ 219
874
+ 00:20:14,820 --> 00:20:21,840
875
+ spinal ุทุจ ูˆ Cortico ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง fibers ู„ู…ู†ุŸ
876
+
877
+ 220
878
+ 00:20:21,840 --> 00:20:28,040
879
+ to motor nuclei
880
+
881
+ 221
882
+ 00:20:28,040 --> 00:20:31,760
883
+ in the brain stem
884
+
885
+ 222
886
+ 00:20:35,500 --> 00:20:47,520
887
+ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ of cranial nerve of cranial
888
+
889
+ 223
890
+ 00:20:47,520 --> 00:20:52,340
891
+ nerve in
892
+
893
+ 224
894
+ 00:20:52,340 --> 00:21:00,060
895
+ the brain ุงู„ุณู… ุชู…ุงู…
896
+
897
+ 225
898
+ 00:21:04,430 --> 00:21:14,250
899
+ Corticospinal tract ุชู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† Lateral
900
+
901
+ 226
902
+ 00:21:14,250 --> 00:21:17,970
903
+ Corticospinal
904
+
905
+ 227
906
+ 00:21:17,970 --> 00:21:25,810
907
+ tract ูˆ Ventral Corticospinal
908
+
909
+ 228
910
+ 00:21:25,810 --> 00:21:26,470
911
+ tract
912
+
913
+ 229
914
+ 00:21:30,280 --> 00:21:34,280
915
+ ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู‚ุณู… ุงู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† lateral corticospinal tract and
916
+
917
+ 230
918
+ 00:21:34,280 --> 00:21:37,540
919
+ ventral corticospinal tract lateral corticospinal
920
+
921
+ 231
922
+ 00:21:37,540 --> 00:21:43,300
923
+ tract supply supply
924
+
925
+ 232
926
+ 00:21:43,300 --> 00:21:52,420
927
+ the upper limbs and lower limbs ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ ventral
928
+
929
+ 233
930
+ 00:21:52,420 --> 00:21:57,500
931
+ corticospinal tract supply ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
932
+
933
+ 234
934
+ 00:22:04,260 --> 00:22:09,520
935
+ trunk and abdominal
936
+
937
+ 235
938
+ 00:22:09,520 --> 00:22:14,980
939
+ muscle ูŠุจู‚ู‰
940
+
941
+ 236
942
+ 00:22:14,980 --> 00:22:19,620
943
+ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ ventral tract ุฃูˆ ventral
944
+
945
+ 237
946
+ 00:22:19,620 --> 00:22:21,880
947
+ corticospinal tract ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุณุคูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ respiratory
948
+
949
+ 238
950
+ 00:22:21,880 --> 00:22:25,640
951
+ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ respiratory muscle ู‚ุงู„ cortico
952
+
953
+ 239
954
+ 00:22:28,610 --> 00:22:31,350
955
+ Bulbar tract ุฑุงุญ ูŠู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ .. ุงูˆ corticonuclear
956
+
957
+ 240
958
+ 00:22:31,350 --> 00:22:36,590
959
+ tract ุฑุงุญ ูŠู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู‚ุณู…
960
+
961
+ 241
962
+ 00:22:36,590 --> 00:22:43,930
963
+ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุงุณู…ู‡ lateral ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก corticonuclear tract
964
+
965
+ 242
966
+ 00:22:43,930 --> 00:22:50,030
967
+ ูˆุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ medial corticonuclear
968
+
969
+ 243
970
+ 00:22:50,030 --> 00:22:56,630
971
+ tract ุงู„ medial corticonuclear tract ุณู‡ู„ supply
972
+
973
+ 244
974
+ 00:22:59,180 --> 00:23:07,700
975
+ ุฃูˆ give fibers to
976
+
977
+ 245
978
+ 00:23:07,700 --> 00:23:20,300
979
+ ocular nuclei ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ูˆุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ูˆุงู„ุณุงุฏุณ
980
+
981
+ 246
982
+ 00:23:20,300 --> 00:23:22,560
983
+ from
984
+
985
+ 247
986
+ 00:23:26,510 --> 00:23:31,150
987
+ both cerebral hemisphere ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ media ุงู„ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ
988
+
989
+ 248
990
+ 00:23:31,150 --> 00:23:33,990
991
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ุชุฑูŠุงูƒุช ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ุงู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ุณุงุนุฉ ุงู„ ุงูˆูƒู„ุงู…ูˆุชุฑ
992
+
993
+ 249
994
+ 00:23:33,990 --> 00:23:37,310
995
+ ูˆ ุชุฑูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ูˆ ุงู„ุงุจุฏูˆุณู†ุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ both side ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู„ู‰
996
+
997
+ 250
998
+ 00:23:37,310 --> 00:23:39,450
999
+ ุงู„ right ูˆ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ left ูˆ ุงู„ left ุจูŠุนุทูŠ right left
1000
+
1001
+ 251
1002
+ 00:23:39,450 --> 00:23:42,630
1003
+ ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ of ุงูˆูƒู„ุงู…ูˆุชุฑ ุชุฑูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ูˆ
1004
+
1005
+ 252
1006
+ 00:23:42,630 --> 00:23:46,110
1007
+ ุงู„ุงุจุฏูˆุณู†ุช ุจูŠุงุฎุฏู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ both cerebral hemisphere ุทุจ
1008
+
1009
+ 253
1010
+ 00:23:46,110 --> 00:23:52,590
1011
+ ุงู„ lateral ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ุชุฑูŠุงูƒุช ุจูŠุนุทูŠ
1012
+
1013
+ 254
1014
+ 00:23:52,590 --> 00:23:53,750
1015
+ ู„ุงู„ู…ูˆุชุฑ
1016
+
1017
+ 255
1018
+ 00:23:55,610 --> 00:24:04,570
1019
+ Nuclei of Trigeminal
1020
+
1021
+ 256
1022
+ 00:24:04,570 --> 00:24:09,750
1023
+ nerve Dorsal
1024
+
1025
+ 257
1026
+ 00:24:09,750 --> 00:24:17,170
1027
+ facial nerve Glucopharyngeal,
1028
+
1029
+ 258
1030
+ 00:24:17,770 --> 00:24:22,490
1031
+ vagus ูˆ cranial accessory ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู…ุจูŠุบุงุณ
1032
+
1033
+ 259
1034
+ 00:24:22,490 --> 00:24:23,010
1035
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
1036
+
1037
+ 260
1038
+ 00:24:29,020 --> 00:24:36,020
1039
+ cranial accessory from both cerebral hemisphere
1040
+
1041
+ 261
1042
+ 00:24:36,020 --> 00:24:46,500
1043
+ and ูˆุจูŠุนุทูŠ ูƒู…ุงู† two ventral nucleus
1044
+
1045
+ 262
1046
+ 00:24:46,500 --> 00:24:55,440
1047
+ of facial nerve ูุงุตู„ุฉ ูˆhypoglossal nerve
1048
+
1049
+ 263
1050
+ 00:24:55,440 --> 00:24:57,680
1051
+ hypoglossal nucleus
1052
+
1053
+ 264
1054
+ 00:25:01,760 --> 00:25:07,360
1055
+ only from opposite side
1056
+
1057
+ 265
1058
+ 00:25:12,120 --> 00:25:17,500
1059
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุดุฑุญู†ุง ู„ูƒู… ู…ุฎุทุท ุจุชุงุน ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ ุฅุชุฑุงูƒุช ุดุฑุญู†ุง
1060
+
1061
+ 266
1062
+ 00:25:17,500 --> 00:25:21,220
1063
+ ู„ูƒู… ู…ุฎุทุท ุจุชุงุน ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ ุฅุชุฑุงูƒุช ู‡ู†ุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุจุณ ู…ุด ูˆุงุถุญ
1064
+
1065
+ 267
1066
+ 00:25:21,220 --> 00:25:24,900
1067
+ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุฑู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุตูˆุฑุชู„ูƒูˆุง ุฅูŠุงู‡ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุฑุณู…ู†ุง
1068
+
1069
+ 268
1070
+ 00:25:24,900 --> 00:25:28,620
1071
+ ู„ูƒูˆุง ุฅูŠุงู‡ุง ูˆุฎุทุทุชูˆุง ู„ูƒู… ุงู„ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ ุฅุชุฑุงูƒุช ุจู†ู‚ุณู…
1072
+
1073
+ 269
1074
+ 00:25:28,620 --> 00:25:34,140
1075
+ ู„ุฌุฒุฆูŠู† ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ corticospinal tractูˆุฌุฒุก ุซุงู†ูŠ
1076
+
1077
+ 270
1078
+ 00:25:34,140 --> 00:25:36,600
1079
+ Corticobulbar ุงูˆ Corticonuclear tract
1080
+
1081
+ 271
1082
+ 00:25:36,600 --> 00:25:39,740
1083
+ Corticospinal tract ูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒูˆุฑุชูƒุณ ูˆูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ ููŠ
1084
+
1085
+ 272
1086
+ 00:25:39,740 --> 00:25:44,060
1087
+ spinal cord ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุนุทูŠ fibers ู„ู„ุงู†ุชุฑุงู„ ูˆุญุณู„ ููŠ
1088
+
1089
+ 273
1090
+ 00:25:44,060 --> 00:25:49,540
1091
+ spinal cord ูˆ Corticobulbar tract ุจูŠุนุทูŠ fibers to
1092
+
1093
+ 274
1094
+ 00:25:49,540 --> 00:25:53,760
1095
+ motor nuclei of the cranial nerves in the brain
1096
+
1097
+ 275
1098
+ 00:25:53,760 --> 00:25:58,860
1099
+ stem in the brain stem okay Corticospinal tract
1100
+
1101
+ 276
1102
+ 00:25:58,860 --> 00:26:05,610
1103
+ ุจู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู†Lateral corticospinal tract ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„
1104
+
1105
+ 277
1106
+ 00:26:05,610 --> 00:26:11,190
1107
+ lateral column of spinal cord ูˆ ุจูŠุบุถูŠ ุงู„ upper ูˆ
1108
+
1109
+ 278
1110
+ 00:26:11,190 --> 00:26:16,070
1111
+ lower limbsูˆventral corticospinal tract supply
1112
+
1113
+ 279
1114
+ 00:26:16,070 --> 00:26:21,730
1115
+ trunk and abdominal muscle ุจู…ุงุฑ ูˆูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ventral
1116
+
1117
+ 280
1118
+ 00:26:21,730 --> 00:26:25,870
1119
+ column of spinal cord ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู„ Corticobulbar tract
1120
+
1121
+ 281
1122
+ 00:26:25,870 --> 00:26:31,490
1123
+ ุจู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† lateral corticonuclear tract and
1124
+
1125
+ 282
1126
+ 00:26:31,490 --> 00:26:36,270
1127
+ medial corticonuclear tract ุงู„ medial
1128
+
1129
+ 283
1130
+ 00:26:36,270 --> 00:26:37,810
1131
+ corticonuclear tract
1132
+
1133
+ 284
1134
+ 00:26:47,600 --> 00:26:50,800
1135
+ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑุงุช ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ู… ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุจุฑู‡ูŠู† ุงู„ุณู… ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
1136
+
1137
+ 285
1138
+ 00:26:50,800 --> 00:26:53,640
1139
+ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง
1140
+
1141
+ 286
1142
+ 00:26:53,640 --> 00:26:55,860
1143
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงูˆ
1144
+
1145
+ 287
1146
+ 00:26:55,860 --> 00:26:57,280
1147
+ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
1148
+
1149
+ 288
1150
+ 00:26:57,280 --> 00:26:58,920
1151
+ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง
1152
+
1153
+ 289
1154
+ 00:26:58,920 --> 00:27:04,480
1155
+ ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง
1156
+
1157
+ 290
1158
+ 00:27:04,480 --> 00:27:05,610
1159
+ ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูˆุงู„ู€
1160
+
1161
+ 291
1162
+ 00:27:05,610 --> 00:27:09,190
1163
+ left ุจูŠู‚ูˆุท left ูˆ ุจูŠู‚ูˆุท right ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ nucleus
1164
+
1165
+ 292
1166
+ 00:27:09,190 --> 00:27:14,030
1167
+ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ motor nuclei of the ocular nerve received
1168
+
1169
+ 293
1170
+ 00:27:14,030 --> 00:27:17,950
1171
+ fibers from the corticonuclear tract ุฃูŠู‡ ูˆุงุญุฏ
1172
+
1173
+ 294
1174
+ 00:27:17,950 --> 00:27:22,530
1175
+ ููŠู‡ู…ุŸ from the medial corticonuclear tract from
1176
+
1177
+ 295
1178
+ 00:27:22,530 --> 00:27:27,020
1179
+ both cerebral hemispheresู†ุฌูŠ ู„ู€ lateral
1180
+
1181
+ 296
1182
+ 00:27:27,020 --> 00:27:31,700
1183
+ corticonuclear tract give motor fibers ู„ู…ู†ุŸ
1184
+
1185
+ 297
1186
+ 00:27:31,700 --> 00:27:37,140
1187
+ ู„ู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ of the cranial nerves ู…ู† ู‡ู…ุง ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ
1188
+
1189
+ 298
1190
+ 00:27:37,140 --> 00:27:41,140
1191
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู€ trigeminal nerve ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู€
1192
+
1193
+ 299
1194
+ 00:27:41,140 --> 00:27:45,820
1195
+ dorsal nucleus ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ู€ facial nerve ุฃู…ุจูŠุบุงุณ
1196
+
1197
+ 300
1198
+ 00:27:45,820 --> 00:27:49,040
1199
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ glossopharyngeal ูˆ Vegas ูˆ
1200
+
1201
+ 301
1202
+ 00:27:49,040 --> 00:27:53,000
1203
+ cranial accessoryfrom both cerebral and cerebral
1204
+
1205
+ 302
1206
+ 00:27:53,000 --> 00:27:56,220
1207
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ right lateral ุจูŠุนุทูŠ right left right left
1208
+
1209
+ 303
1210
+ 00:27:56,220 --> 00:28:02,260
1211
+ ุทูŠุจ ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุงู†ู‡ ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ูƒู…ุงู† ventral nucleus of facial
1212
+
1213
+ 304
1214
+ 00:28:02,260 --> 00:28:07,300
1215
+ nerve ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ lower quadrant of the face
1216
+
1217
+ 305
1218
+ 00:28:08,160 --> 00:28:10,640
1219
+ ูˆุจูŠุนุชุจุฑู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ hypoglossal nucleus ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ู€
1220
+
1221
+ 306
1222
+ 00:28:10,640 --> 00:28:15,880
1223
+ hypoglossal nerve only from up this side ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„
1224
+
1225
+ 307
1226
+ 00:28:15,880 --> 00:28:19,740
1227
+ ventral nucleus ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ facial nerve ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„
1228
+
1229
+ 308
1230
+ 00:28:19,740 --> 00:28:24,810
1231
+ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู†ูˆุงู„ู€ hypoglossal nucleus ุจุชุงุนุช ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ
1232
+
1233
+ 309
1234
+ 00:28:24,810 --> 00:28:31,030
1235
+ ุนุดุฑ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุจุณ ุชุงุฎุฏ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ left lateral
1236
+
1237
+ 310
1238
+ 00:28:31,030 --> 00:28:34,490
1239
+ corticonuclear ุชุงุฎุฏุด ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ both cerebral ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1240
+
1241
+ 311
1242
+ 00:28:34,490 --> 00:28:37,970
1243
+ ู…ุตูŠุฑุŒ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ one sideุŒ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ one
1244
+
1245
+ 312
1246
+ 00:28:37,970 --> 00:28:38,610
1247
+ side
1248
+
1249
+ 313
1250
+ 00:28:42,830 --> 00:28:46,430
1251
+ ู‡ูŠูˆ ุงู„ pyramidal tract ุงู„ุขู† ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃุณู‡ู„ ู„ูƒู… ุงู„
1252
+
1253
+ 314
1254
+ 00:28:46,430 --> 00:28:53,150
1255
+ pyramidal tract is a bundle of motoneur fibers it
1256
+
1257
+ 315
1258
+ 00:28:53,150 --> 00:28:57,370
1259
+ begins in the cerebral cortex ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„
1260
+
1261
+ 316
1262
+ 00:28:57,370 --> 00:29:01,190
1263
+ cerebral cortex ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุณู…ูˆู‡ corticospinal
1264
+
1265
+ 317
1266
+ 00:29:01,190 --> 00:29:05,130
1267
+ corticobulbar ุงูˆ corticonuclear ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
1268
+
1269
+ 318
1270
+ 00:29:05,130 --> 00:29:09,810
1271
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ cortex ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ cortex ูˆุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠIt
1272
+
1273
+ 319
1274
+ 00:29:09,810 --> 00:29:19,370
1275
+ ends in anterior horn cells of spinal cord ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ
1276
+
1277
+ 320
1278
+ 00:29:19,370 --> 00:29:22,730
1279
+ ุณุจุงูŠู†ุงู„ ุชุฑูƒุช
1280
+
1281
+ 321
1282
+ 00:29:25,430 --> 00:29:30,690
1283
+ ูˆุฎู„ุต ููŠ ุงู„ motor nuclei of the cranial nerves in
1284
+
1285
+ 322
1286
+ 00:29:30,690 --> 00:29:35,670
1287
+ the brainstem ุงุณู…ู‡ corticonuclear ุงูˆ corticobulbar
1288
+
1289
+ 323
1290
+ 00:29:35,670 --> 00:29:40,670
1291
+ retract ูŠุจู‚ู‰ cortico ุงูˆ ุงู„ุจุฑุงู…ุฌ ุงู„ retract ู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ูƒ
1292
+
1293
+ 324
1294
+ 00:29:40,670 --> 00:29:46,120
1295
+ ุงุณู…ูŠู†Corticospinal tract and Corticonuclear tract
1296
+
1297
+ 325
1298
+ 00:29:46,120 --> 00:29:51,340
1299
+ Corticospinal tract ุจู†ู‚ุณู… ู…ู† ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ุญุณุจ ูˆูŠู† ู…ุฑ ุฅู„ู‰
1300
+
1301
+ 326
1302
+ 00:29:51,340 --> 00:29:55,360
1303
+ lateral corticospinal tract ุจู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ lateral
1304
+
1305
+ 327
1306
+ 00:29:55,360 --> 00:29:59,500
1307
+ column of spinal cord and ventral ุงูˆ anterior
1308
+
1309
+ 328
1310
+ 00:29:59,500 --> 00:30:04,160
1311
+ corticospinal tract ุจู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ ventral column of
1312
+
1313
+ 329
1314
+ 00:30:04,160 --> 00:30:09,040
1315
+ spinal cord ุงู…ุง corticonuclear tract ุฑุงุญ ู†ู…ุฑ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
1316
+
1317
+ 330
1318
+ 00:30:09,760 --> 00:30:16,020
1319
+ ู„ู„ุจุฑุงูŠู† ุงุณุชู…ุฑูˆุง ูˆูŠู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ู„ lateral and medial
1320
+
1321
+ 331
1322
+ 00:30:16,020 --> 00:30:22,620
1323
+ corticonuclear tract ุงู„ุงู† ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุดูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ upper
1324
+
1325
+ 332
1326
+ 00:30:22,620 --> 00:30:28,020
1327
+ motoneuron ุณู…ุนุช ููŠู‡ ุงู„ upper motoneuron system ุงู„
1328
+
1329
+ 333
1330
+ 00:30:28,020 --> 00:30:31,700
1331
+ upper motoneuron system ู‡ุฐุง ุงุญู†ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
1332
+
1333
+ 334
1334
+ 00:30:31,700 --> 00:30:34,380
1335
+ corticospinal tract ุงูˆ corticonuclear tract ูŠุนู†ูŠ
1336
+
1337
+ 335
1338
+ 00:30:34,380 --> 00:30:39,000
1339
+ ุงู„ corticospinal tractูˆ corticonuclear tract ุฅุฐุง
1340
+
1341
+ 336
1342
+ 00:30:39,000 --> 00:30:42,480
1343
+ ุญุฏุซ ููŠู‡ู… ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ upper motor neuron lesion
1344
+
1345
+ 337
1346
+ 00:30:42,480 --> 00:30:47,400
1347
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ damage of corticospinal tract or
1348
+
1349
+ 338
1350
+ 00:30:47,400 --> 00:30:52,940
1351
+ corticonuclear tract leads to upper motor neuron
1352
+
1353
+ 339
1354
+ 00:30:52,940 --> 00:30:56,980
1355
+ lesion ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠุนุฑูู†ุง ุงู„ damage ุฃูˆ ุฃูŠ ุชุบูŠุฑ ุฃูˆ ุฃูŠ ู…ุฑุถ
1356
+
1357
+ 340
1358
+ 00:30:56,980 --> 00:31:00,260
1359
+ ุจูŠุตูŠุจ ุงู„ corticospinal tract ุฃูˆ corticonuclear
1360
+
1361
+ 341
1362
+ 00:31:00,260 --> 00:31:07,530
1363
+ tract ูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ upper motor neuron lesionูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ูˆ
1364
+
1365
+ 342
1366
+ 00:31:07,530 --> 00:31:11,030
1367
+ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ super spinal lesion ุงูˆ ุงุฐุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
1368
+
1369
+ 343
1370
+ 00:31:11,030 --> 00:31:15,050
1371
+ corticonuclear tract super nuclear lesion ุงูŠุด ุงู„
1372
+
1373
+ 344
1374
+ 00:31:15,050 --> 00:31:18,030
1375
+ function ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุนุจุฑ ู…ูˆุชูˆ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุงู† ูƒุงู†
1376
+
1377
+ 345
1378
+ 00:31:18,030 --> 00:31:23,070
1379
+ corticospinal ุงูˆ corticonuclear ุงูˆู„ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู† ู‡ูŠ
1380
+
1381
+ 346
1382
+ 00:31:23,070 --> 00:31:27,170
1383
+ initiation and control of voluntary motor activity
1384
+
1385
+ 347
1386
+ 00:31:27,170 --> 00:31:36,820
1387
+ ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุงู†ู‡ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุงู†ู‡ ุญุฏุซ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ damage
1388
+
1389
+ 348
1390
+ 00:31:36,820 --> 00:31:41,540
1391
+ of corticospinal tract ุงูˆ corticonuclear tract
1392
+
1393
+ 349
1394
+ 00:31:41,540 --> 00:31:45,760
1395
+ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ paralysis ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุงูŠุดุŸ paralysis ุงูˆ ุดู„ู„
1396
+
1397
+ 350
1398
+ 00:31:47,650 --> 00:31:51,590
1399
+ Inhibition of muscle tone Inhibition of muscle
1400
+
1401
+ 351
1402
+ 00:31:51,590 --> 00:31:55,030
1403
+ tone ู‡ูˆ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ูŠุนู…ู„ Inhibition ู„ู„ muscle tone ููŠ
1404
+
1405
+ 352
1406
+ 00:31:55,030 --> 00:31:58,770
1407
+ ุญุงู„ ุญุฏุซ damage ู„ู„ other motor neuron ุฑุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
1408
+
1409
+ 353
1410
+ 00:31:58,770 --> 00:32:03,990
1411
+ muscle hypertonia muscle hypertonia ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุจูŠุนู…ู„
1412
+
1413
+ 354
1414
+ 00:32:03,990 --> 00:32:07,710
1415
+ Inhibition ู„ู„ deep reflex ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงุญู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ู†ูุญุต
1416
+
1417
+ 355
1418
+ 00:32:07,710 --> 00:32:11,930
1419
+ reflex ู„ู…ุฑูŠุฏ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุงุดุฏ ุนูŠุฏูƒ ุงูˆ ุงู‚ุฏู…ู‡ ู„ู„ุนุดุฑุฉ ุนุดุงู†
1420
+
1421
+ 356
1422
+ 00:32:11,930 --> 00:32:14,150
1423
+ ุฃู„ู… ุงู„ cortex ุงู„ cortex ูŠุนู…ู„ Inhibition ู„ู„ reflex
1424
+
1425
+ 357
1426
+ 00:32:14,150 --> 00:32:18,630
1427
+ ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุญุฏุซุฃุจุฑู…ูˆุชูˆู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ู„ูŠุฌูŠู† ุฑุงุญ ูŠุชุญูˆู„
1428
+
1429
+ 358
1430
+ 00:32:18,630 --> 00:32:22,510
1431
+ ู„hyperreflexiaุŒ hyperreflexiaุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูŠ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ
1432
+
1433
+ 359
1434
+ 00:32:22,510 --> 00:32:26,550
1435
+ ุงู„ุฃุจุฑู…ูˆุชูˆู†ูŠุฑูˆู† initiation and control of voluntary
1436
+
1437
+ 360
1438
+ 00:32:26,550 --> 00:32:30,210
1439
+ motor activity ู‡ูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ุงุชู†ูŠู†ุŒ inhibition of
1440
+
1441
+ 361
1442
+ 00:32:30,210 --> 00:32:35,430
1443
+ muscle toneุŒ ุซู„ุงุซุฉุŒ inhibition of deep reflexes
1444
+
1445
+ 362
1446
+ 00:32:36,940 --> 00:32:42,420
1447
+ ู…ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ path way of the upper motor neurons
1448
+
1449
+ 363
1450
+ 00:32:42,420 --> 00:32:46,460
1451
+ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ ุงูˆ ุงู„ corticospinal tract ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ
1452
+
1453
+ 364
1454
+ 00:32:46,460 --> 00:32:50,340
1455
+ ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุจูŠุช ุงู„ cells ู…ู† ุงู„ area ุฑู‚ู… ุฃุฑุจุน ู…ู† ุงู„
1456
+
1457
+ 365
1458
+ 00:32:50,340 --> 00:32:53,720
1459
+ upper two third of pre central gas ู„ูŠู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุงู† ุงู„
1460
+
1461
+ 366
1462
+ 00:32:53,720 --> 00:32:57,400
1463
+ upper two thirdุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ corticonuclear tract ู…ุชุฌู‡
1464
+
1465
+ 367
1466
+ 00:32:57,400 --> 00:33:02,640
1467
+ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ face ุฑุญ ูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ lower one third ุจุนุฏูƒ ุงู„
1468
+
1469
+ 368
1470
+ 00:33:02,640 --> 00:33:07,850
1471
+ fibers descent ููŠ ุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡ corona radiataุจู…ุฑู‡ ููŠ
1472
+
1473
+ 369
1474
+ 00:33:07,850 --> 00:33:13,190
1475
+ ุงู„ู€ posterior limb of internal capsule ุจุนุฏูƒ ููŠ ุงู„
1476
+
1477
+ 370
1478
+ 00:33:13,190 --> 00:33:19,550
1479
+ midbrain, palms, medulla oblongataุŒ ููŠ lower part
1480
+
1481
+ 371
1482
+ 00:33:19,550 --> 00:33:25,270
1483
+ of medulla oblongataุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ decassation ุงูˆ
1484
+
1485
+ 372
1486
+ 00:33:25,270 --> 00:33:28,390
1487
+ crossing ุงู„ู€ Corticospiral tract ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู†
1488
+
1489
+ 373
1490
+ 00:33:28,390 --> 00:33:32,210
1491
+ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุจูŠุชุฌู‡ ู„ู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ุจูŠุชุฌู‡
1492
+
1493
+ 374
1494
+ 00:33:32,210 --> 00:33:35,670
1495
+ ู„ู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุนู„ุดุงู† ุฃุณุฃู„ูƒ ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู†
1496
+
1497
+ 375
1498
+ 00:33:35,670 --> 00:33:39,230
1499
+ ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ hemoglobin ุจุชูƒูˆู†ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ opposite side ู„ูˆ
1500
+
1501
+ 376
1502
+ 00:33:39,230 --> 00:33:42,330
1503
+ ุญุฏุซ ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ hemoglobin ุจุชูƒูˆู†ุŸ
1504
+
1505
+ 377
1506
+ 00:33:42,330 --> 00:33:46,870
1507
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right side ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„
1508
+
1509
+ 378
1510
+ 00:33:46,870 --> 00:33:50,390
1511
+ decassation ู†ุญุงูˆู„
1512
+
1513
+ 379
1514
+ 00:33:51,260 --> 00:34:05,480
1515
+ ู‡ุฑุณู…ู„ูƒู… ุฅูŠุงู‡ู… ู‡ู†ุง ู‚ุฏ ุงู„ุฅู…ูƒุงู† ู„ู…ุง
1516
+
1517
+ 380
1518
+ 00:34:05,480 --> 00:34:09,140
1519
+ ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุน ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุนู„ู‰ descending tract
1520
+
1521
+ 381
1522
+ 00:34:09,140 --> 00:34:12,320
1523
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ tract ุฑุงุญ ุฃุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ cortex ูˆ ุฃู†ุฒู„
1524
+
1525
+ 382
1526
+ 00:34:12,320 --> 00:34:12,880
1527
+ ู„ู„ู…ุตุฏุฑ
1528
+
1529
+ 383
1530
+ 00:34:31,900 --> 00:34:39,060
1531
+ ู‡ู†ุง area precentral
1532
+
1533
+ 384
1534
+ 00:34:39,060 --> 00:34:44,400
1535
+ gyrus
1536
+
1537
+ 385
1538
+ 00:34:44,400 --> 00:34:51,640
1539
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ area ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ููŠ ู‡ู†ุง
1540
+
1541
+ 386
1542
+ 00:34:56,400 --> 00:35:10,060
1543
+ Internal Capsule ุจุนุฏูŠู†
1544
+
1545
+ 387
1546
+ 00:35:10,060 --> 00:35:10,660
1547
+ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1548
+
1549
+ 388
1550
+ 00:35:25,740 --> 00:35:30,240
1551
+ mid brain bones
1552
+
1553
+ 389
1554
+ 00:35:30,240 --> 00:35:33,260
1555
+ ู…ุฏู„ุฉ
1556
+
1557
+ 390
1558
+ 00:35:33,260 --> 00:35:53,840
1559
+ ุฃุจู„ุบุชู‡ุง ู†ุงุฎุฏ two segments of spinal cord ูˆ
1560
+
1561
+ 391
1562
+ 00:35:53,840 --> 00:35:54,300
1563
+ ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏ
1564
+
1565
+ 392
1566
+ 00:35:58,240 --> 00:36:03,920
1567
+ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ
1568
+
1569
+ 393
1570
+ 00:36:03,920 --> 00:36:07,380
1571
+ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ
1572
+
1573
+ 394
1574
+ 00:36:07,380 --> 00:36:12,380
1575
+ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ
1576
+
1577
+ 395
1578
+ 00:36:12,380 --> 00:36:16,900
1579
+ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ
1580
+
1581
+ 396
1582
+ 00:36:16,900 --> 00:36:16,920
1583
+ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ
1584
+
1585
+ 397
1586
+ 00:36:16,920 --> 00:36:21,920
1587
+ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ
1588
+
1589
+ 398
1590
+ 00:36:21,920 --> 00:36:27,540
1591
+ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตู‡ุฐุง segment of spinal cord ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„
1592
+
1593
+ 399
1594
+ 00:36:27,540 --> 00:36:33,520
1595
+ ู†ุงุฎุฏ c5 segment ู†ุงุฎุฏ ุงู„3 segment
1596
+
1597
+ 400
1598
+ 00:36:57,050 --> 00:37:05,330
1599
+ ุงู„ู€ Corticospinal tract ุฑุงุญ ูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
1600
+
1601
+ 401
1602
+ 00:37:05,330 --> 00:37:11,950
1603
+ pre-central area ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ upper ูˆ ุงู„ middle
1604
+
1605
+ 402
1606
+ 00:37:11,950 --> 00:37:20,710
1607
+ one third ุฑุงุญ ุงู„ fibers ุชู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ posterior limb
1608
+
1609
+ 403
1610
+ 00:37:20,710 --> 00:37:30,910
1611
+ of internal capsulemedibrain bones medulla
1612
+
1613
+ 404
1614
+ 00:37:30,910 --> 00:37:40,650
1615
+ oblongata ู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠุด ุงุณู…ู‡ ุงุณู…ู‡ cortico spinal
1616
+
1617
+ 405
1618
+ 00:37:40,650 --> 00:37:52,310
1619
+ tract ุชู…ุงู… ู‡ู†ุง internal capsule ู‡ุฐุง left internal
1620
+
1621
+ 406
1622
+ 00:37:52,310 --> 00:38:04,370
1623
+ capsulelift internal capsule lift
1624
+
1625
+ 407
1626
+ 00:38:04,370 --> 00:38:08,250
1627
+ internal
1628
+
1629
+ 408
1630
+ 00:38:08,250 --> 00:38:12,650
1631
+ capsule
1632
+
1633
+ 409
1634
+ 00:38:12,650 --> 00:38:20,850
1635
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ lower part of medulla oblongata ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1636
+
1637
+ 410
1638
+ 00:38:20,850 --> 00:38:26,410
1639
+ ู‡ูˆCorticospinal tract ุจูŠุนู…ู„ incomplete decassation
1640
+
1641
+ 411
1642
+ 00:38:26,410 --> 00:38:30,870
1643
+ ุงูˆ crossing ุจูŠุนู…ู„ incomplete decassation ุงู„ main
1644
+
1645
+ 412
1646
+ 00:38:30,870 --> 00:38:33,890
1647
+ fibers ุงูƒุชุฑ ู…ู† ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆ ุชู…ุงู†ูŠู† ุชุณุนูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ
1648
+
1649
+ 413
1650
+ 00:38:33,890 --> 00:38:39,610
1651
+ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง crossing ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ opposite side ุงู„ู†ุฑุณุงู†ุช ู…ูŠู†
1652
+
1653
+ 414
1654
+ 00:38:39,610 --> 00:38:45,570
1655
+ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ left? Corticospinal tract ูˆ ุจูŠุชุฌู‡ ู„ ุงู„ right
1656
+
1657
+ 415
1658
+ 00:38:45,570 --> 00:38:55,090
1659
+ side ูˆ ุจูŠููˆุช ู„ ููŠ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠlateral column ููŠ ุงู„
1660
+
1661
+ 416
1662
+ 00:38:55,090 --> 00:39:03,670
1663
+ lateral column of spinal cord ูˆุจุฏุฃ
1664
+
1665
+ 417
1666
+ 00:39:03,670 --> 00:39:11,170
1667
+ ู†ู†ุฒู„ ู…ุซู„ ุฎุท ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจุง ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ูˆูŠู† ุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠุŸ ุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ at
1668
+
1669
+ 418
1670
+ 00:39:11,170 --> 00:39:17,370
1671
+ the level of
1672
+
1673
+ 419
1674
+ 00:39:19,260 --> 00:39:29,060
1675
+ S2 ุณุงูƒุฑุงู„ ุชูˆ ุณุจุงูŠู†ุงู„ ูƒูˆุฑุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
1676
+
1677
+ 420
1678
+ 00:39:29,060 --> 00:39:33,640
1679
+ ุจู†ุชู‡ูŠ ูˆูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ level ุณุงูƒุฑุงู„ ุชูˆ S2 segment of spinal
1680
+
1681
+ 421
1682
+ 00:39:33,640 --> 00:39:37,900
1683
+ cord ู‡ุฐุง ุจุดุจู‡ ุฎุท ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ุงู„ู†ุงุฒู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌ
1684
+
1685
+ 422
1686
+ 00:39:37,900 --> 00:39:44,160
1687
+ ู†ุงุฒู„ ูˆ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ูŠุตู„ ุทุงุจู‚ ุงู„ุดุฌุฑุฉ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู‡ุง ุณู„ูƒ ุฎุท ู‡ุฐุง
1688
+
1689
+ 423
1690
+ 00:39:44,160 --> 00:39:52,070
1691
+ ุงูŠุด ุงุณู…ู‡ ุงู„ lift ุชุชุญูˆู„ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ุง right ููŠ ุงู„ spoiler
1692
+
1693
+ 424
1694
+ 00:39:52,070 --> 00:39:57,730
1695
+ code ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงุณู…ู‡ right cortico
1696
+
1697
+ 425
1698
+ 00:39:57,730 --> 00:40:09,550
1699
+ ุงูˆ ุงุณู…ู‡ ุตุญ ู‡ูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡
1700
+
1701
+ 426
1702
+ 00:40:09,550 --> 00:40:14,450
1703
+ ุตุญ right lateral
1704
+
1705
+ 427
1706
+ 00:40:16,840 --> 00:40:21,320
1707
+ Corticospinal tract Right Lateral Corticospinal
1708
+
1709
+ 428
1710
+ 00:40:21,320 --> 00:40:25,860
1711
+ tract ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฎุท ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ูŠุตู„ ุงู„ู€ Anterior Horn
1712
+
1713
+ 429
1714
+ 00:40:25,860 --> 00:40:32,360
1715
+ Cells ุจูŠุนุทูŠู‡ู… ุฅูŠุดุŸ Fibers ุจูŠุนุทูŠู‡ู… ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ Fibers ุนู„ู‰
1716
+
1717
+ 430
1718
+ 00:40:32,360 --> 00:40:36,340
1719
+ ูƒู„ segment ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ segment ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ุฏู…ุฌ ู„ู„
1720
+
1721
+ 431
1722
+ 00:40:36,340 --> 00:40:39,960
1723
+ Corticospinal tract ููŠ ุงู„ brain ุฃูˆ Spinal cord ู‡ุฐุง
1724
+
1725
+ 432
1726
+ 00:40:39,960 --> 00:40:44,040
1727
+ ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฅูŠุดุŸ Upper Motoneurone lesion Upper
1728
+
1729
+ 433
1730
+ 00:40:44,040 --> 00:40:51,860
1731
+ Motoneurone lesion2 ุงู„ุฌุฒุก
1732
+
1733
+ 434
1734
+ 00:40:51,860 --> 00:40:57,560
1735
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุงุนู…ุด costing ู‡ุฐุง
1736
+
1737
+ 435
1738
+ 00:40:57,560 --> 00:41:05,640
1739
+ ุจู†ุฒู„ ููŠ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ุจู†ุฒู„ ููŠ ุงู„ anterior
1740
+
1741
+ 436
1742
+ 00:41:05,640 --> 00:41:11,100
1743
+ column of spinal cord ูˆ ุจูƒู…ู„ ุทุฑูŠู‚ู‡ ูˆูŠู† ุจู†ุชู‡ูŠ
1744
+
1745
+ 437
1746
+ 00:41:19,510 --> 00:41:23,630
1747
+ ends at lower
1748
+
1749
+ 438
1750
+ 00:41:23,630 --> 00:41:30,590
1751
+ thoracic level ููŠ
1752
+
1753
+ 439
1754
+ 00:41:30,590 --> 00:41:34,010
1755
+ ู†ุงุณ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ middle thoracic level ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠู†
1756
+
1757
+ 440
1758
+ 00:41:34,010 --> 00:41:40,530
1759
+ ุตุญ middle ุงูˆ lower thoracic ู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ู„ุง
1760
+
1761
+ 441
1762
+ 00:41:40,530 --> 00:41:48,250
1763
+ ุงูŠุด ู„ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู†ุชู‡ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ุงูƒุชุฑ ู…ุด ุฑุงุญ ูŠุตู„ ุงู„ number
1764
+
1765
+ 442
1766
+ 00:41:51,940 --> 00:42:11,700
1767
+ ุนุดุงู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุตุญ ูˆูŠู†
1768
+
1769
+ 443
1770
+ 00:42:11,700 --> 00:42:14,980
1771
+ ุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ end at
1772
+
1773
+ 444
1774
+ 00:42:21,190 --> 00:42:26,490
1775
+ the lower thoracic
1776
+
1777
+ 445
1778
+ 00:42:26,490 --> 00:42:33,110
1779
+ level ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ .. ุฅูŠุด ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุŸ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ventral
1780
+
1781
+ 446
1782
+ 00:42:37,550 --> 00:42:42,630
1783
+ ูˆุงุถูŠูุชู‡ ุงูŠุด ูŠุง ุบุฏู‰ุŸ ูˆุงุถูŠูุชู‡ ู„ุบุฏู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ chest
1784
+
1785
+ 447
1786
+ 00:42:42,630 --> 00:42:46,790
1787
+ muscle ุงูˆ thoracic muscle ุงูˆ respiratory muscle
1788
+
1789
+ 448
1790
+ 00:42:46,790 --> 00:42:49,570
1791
+ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ
1792
+
1793
+ 449
1794
+ 00:42:49,570 --> 00:42:52,290
1795
+ ูˆุจูŠุนุทูŠ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ
1796
+
1797
+ 450
1798
+ 00:42:52,290 --> 00:42:56,990
1799
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ุงู„ both anterior horn cells for
1800
+
1801
+ 451
1802
+ 00:42:56,990 --> 00:43:03,820
1803
+ respiratory muscleุทูŠุจ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุงูŠุด Corticospinal
1804
+
1805
+ 452
1806
+ 00:43:03,820 --> 00:43:09,240
1807
+ tract ู‡ุงู† ู…ุฑุณูˆู…ูŠู† ููŠ slide ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ุงู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุงู†
1808
+
1809
+ 453
1810
+ 00:43:09,240 --> 00:43:14,400
1811
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ pyramidal decassation ู‡ุงุฏ ุงู„ pyramids ุจุชุญูˆู„ ู„
1812
+
1813
+ 454
1814
+ 00:43:14,400 --> 00:43:18,040
1815
+ decassation ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุญุฏุซ ู…ุน ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ููŠ
1816
+
1817
+ 455
1818
+ 00:43:18,040 --> 00:43:20,580
1819
+ ุงู„ left cerebral hemisphere ูˆู„ูŠ ุงู„ hemiplegia
1820
+
1821
+ 456
1822
+ 00:43:20,580 --> 00:43:23,800
1823
+ ูŠุชูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right ุทูŠุจ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ spinal cord
1824
+
1825
+ 457
1826
+ 00:43:23,800 --> 00:43:28,300
1827
+ ู„ุฃุฎู„ุต ุงู„ crossing ุตุงุฑ ุฏู…ุฌ ููŠ ุงู„ spinal cordุŒ ุนู„ู‰
1828
+
1829
+ 458
1830
+ 00:43:28,300 --> 00:43:31,500
1831
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุจุฏูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ motorุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„
1832
+
1833
+ 459
1834
+ 00:43:31,500 --> 00:43:34,840
1835
+ crossing ุฎู„ุต ูˆูŠู† ุจุชุชู… ุงู„ crossingุŸ ุจุชุชู… ุงู„
1836
+
1837
+ 460
1838
+ 00:43:34,840 --> 00:43:41,440
1839
+ crossing ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ lower part
1840
+
1841
+ 461
1842
+ 00:43:41,440 --> 00:43:50,030
1843
+ of medulla oblongataุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณูู„ 80% ู„
1844
+
1845
+ 462
1846
+ 00:43:50,030 --> 00:43:57,710
1847
+ 85% ู…ู† ุงู„ููŠุจูŠุฑุฒ ูŠู‚ูˆู…ูˆู† ุจู€ crossings ูˆูŠุฑูˆุญูˆุง ุนู„ู‰
1848
+
1849
+ 463
1850
+ 00:43:57,710 --> 00:44:02,660
1851
+ ุงู„ู€ opposite side ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lateral columnูˆุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1852
+
1853
+ 464
1854
+ 00:44:02,660 --> 00:44:05,840
1855
+ ุจูŠุธู„ูˆุง .. ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… ุฅูŠุดุŸ indirect ู„ูŠุด ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู…
1856
+
1857
+ 465
1858
+ 00:44:05,840 --> 00:44:09,200
1859
+ indirectุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ู… ุนู…ู„ูˆุง crossing ูˆ ุงุชุฌู‡ูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
1860
+
1861
+ 466
1862
+ 00:44:09,200 --> 00:44:13,500
1863
+ opposite side ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… crossed corticospinal tract
1864
+
1865
+ 467
1866
+ 00:44:13,500 --> 00:44:18,300
1867
+ ูˆุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ูŠุฎู„ุตูˆุง ูƒู„ fibers ุงูˆ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ู†ุณู‰ ุงู„ segment
1868
+
1869
+ 468
1870
+ 00:44:18,300 --> 00:44:22,780
1871
+ ุจูŠุทู„ุนูˆุง fibers ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ anterior horn cells ูƒู„ ู…ุง
1872
+
1873
+ 469
1874
+ 00:44:22,780 --> 00:44:25,800
1875
+ ู†ุณู‰ ุงู„ segment ุจูŠุทู„ุนูˆุง fibers ู„ู„ anterior horn
1876
+
1877
+ 470
1878
+ 00:44:25,800 --> 00:44:30,620
1879
+ cells ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ 15 ู„ 20% ู…ู† ุงู„ fibers ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุถุงู„ู‡ู… ู‚ุฏุฑ
1880
+
1881
+ 471
1882
+ 00:44:31,510 --> 00:44:36,350
1883
+ ูˆู…ุงุนู…ู„ูˆุด crossing ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… direct anterior ุงูˆ
1884
+
1885
+ 472
1886
+ 00:44:36,350 --> 00:44:40,430
1887
+ ventral corticospinal tract ุจูŠุนุทูˆู†ุง fibers ู„ู„
1888
+
1889
+ 473
1890
+ 00:44:40,430 --> 00:44:44,430
1891
+ anterior home cells ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ segment ุจุณ ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„
1892
+
1893
+ 474
1894
+ 00:44:44,430 --> 00:44:49,790
1895
+ both cerebral hemisphere ูˆูŠู† ุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูˆุงุŸ ุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูˆุง ููŠ
1896
+
1897
+ 475
1898
+ 00:44:49,790 --> 00:44:53,450
1899
+ ุงู„ mid thoracic ู…ู…ูƒู† ููŠ ู…ุฑุงุฌุน ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„
1900
+
1901
+ 476
1902
+ 00:44:53,450 --> 00:44:56,290
1903
+ lower thoracic ุงุนุชุจุฑู‡ู… mid thoracic ุนุดุงู† ู…ุง
1904
+
1905
+ 477
1906
+ 00:44:56,290 --> 00:44:59,490
1907
+ ุชุชุฎุฑุจุทูˆุด ู†ุนุชู…ุฏู‡ู… mid thoracic ููŠ ู…ุฑุงุฌุน ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง
1908
+
1909
+ 478
1910
+ 00:44:59,490 --> 00:45:06,100
1911
+ lower thoracicmade thoracic ู†ุนุชู…ุฏู‡ู… ู„ู„ูƒู„ level
1912
+
1913
+ 479
1914
+ 00:45:06,100 --> 00:45:11,540
1915
+ ุงู„ุขู† ุฃู†ุง ุจูƒุชูุฑ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก
1916
+
1917
+ 480
1918
+ 00:45:11,540 --> 00:45:17,800
1919
+ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฑุงุญ ุฃูƒู…ู„ู‡ ููŠ ุฌุฒุก ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน
1920
+
1921
+ 481
1922
+ 00:45:17,800 --> 00:45:19,500
1923
+ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุนุดุงู† ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุงู„ุนุงููŠุฉ
1924
+
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/TA3oR4M8isw_raw.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,1932 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:05,670 --> 00:00:09,390
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:09,390 --> 00:00:14,170
7
+ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุนุดุฑ ุฑุญ ุชูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:14,170 --> 00:00:17,190
11
+ anatomy and physiology of the motor system ุงู„
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:17,190 --> 00:00:20,870
15
+ motor system ู…ู‡ู… ู„ูƒู… ุฌุฏุง ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุฑุญ ูŠุชู… ุดุฑุญู‡ ููŠ
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:20,870 --> 00:00:24,030
19
+ ุฃุณุจูˆุนูŠู† ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ููŠ ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุนุดุฑ ูˆุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:24,030 --> 00:00:29,210
23
+ ููŠ ุฃุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ุนุดุฑ ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ motor system
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:29,210 --> 00:00:35,780
27
+ what's the components of the motor systemู…ู† ุงูŠุด
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:35,780 --> 00:00:42,500
31
+ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ motor systemุŸ ุงูˆู„ ุดูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† cortical
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:42,500 --> 00:00:46,740
35
+ motor area cortical motor area ูŠุนู†ูŠ primary
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:46,740 --> 00:00:50,820
39
+ cortical motor area ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ pre central
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:50,820 --> 00:00:58,660
43
+ gyrus area 4ูˆ secondary motor areaุŒ area ุฑู‚ู… 6
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:00:58,660 --> 00:01:04,180
47
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ frontal loop anterior to the precentral
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:04,180 --> 00:01:09,840
51
+ gyrus and cortical association area ุฏู„ูˆู„ ุดุฆ ุจู†ุชูƒู„ู…
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:09,840 --> 00:01:16,620
55
+ ุนู† ุงู„ cortical motor area ุงุชู†ูŠู† Basal nuclei ุงู„ู„ูŠ
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:16,620 --> 00:01:20,860
59
+ ู‡ูˆ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ extrapyramidal nervous system ู…ุซู„ ุงู„
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:20,860 --> 00:01:26,670
63
+ butamineglobus pallidus ูƒูˆุฏูŠุช ุฃู…ูŠุฌุฏุงู„ูˆูŠุฏ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:26,670 --> 00:01:34,490
67
+ ูˆุฅูƒู„ุงูˆุณุฑ ุณูŠุฑูŠุจูŠู„ุง brain
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:34,490 --> 00:01:39,330
71
+ stem ุฌุฏุงุฏ ุฏู…ุงุบ spinal cord ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ุฃุฌุฒุงุก
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:39,330 --> 00:01:43,330
75
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ุง ู‚ุจู„ motor ู„ูŠุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ brain stem ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:43,330 --> 00:01:45,950
79
+ ูู‚ุท motor ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ sensor ุงู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ุฃุฌุฒุงุก
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:45,950 --> 00:01:52,660
83
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุฎุต motor spinal cordุจุฑูŠููŠุฑุงู„ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ูุงูŠุฑุฒ
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:01:52,660 --> 00:01:58,460
87
+ ุจุฑููŠุฑุงู„ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูŠุฑู ูุงูŠุฑุฒ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ nerve ููŠู‡ sensory
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:01:58,460 --> 00:02:00,740
91
+ fibers ูˆ ููŠู‡ autonomic fibers ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:00,740 --> 00:02:04,800
95
+ motor fibers ุงู„ neuromuscular junction ุงู„
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:04,800 --> 00:02:08,920
99
+ neuromuscular junction and muscle and muscle
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:08,920 --> 00:02:11,980
103
+ what's
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:11,980 --> 00:02:16,100
107
+ the components of the extrapyramidal motor system
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:17,480 --> 00:02:23,060
111
+ Extrapyramidal motor system ุจุฏุฎู„ ููŠู‡ุง ุจูŠุฒุงู„
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:23,060 --> 00:02:27,600
115
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ูƒูˆุฏุงุช ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุจูŠูˆุชุงู…ูŠู† ุฌู„ูˆุจุงุณ ุจูŠุถุงุณ
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:27,600 --> 00:02:31,520
119
+ ูƒู„ุงูˆุณุชุฑูˆู… ุงู…ูŠุฌุฏุงู„ูˆูŠุฏ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ูƒู„ู‡ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุจูŠุฒุงู„
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:31,520 --> 00:02:38,810
123
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠsubthalamus ุณูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุฏูŠุงู†
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:02:38,810 --> 00:02:42,810
127
+ ุณูŠูุฑูˆู†ุŒ ู…ุชุฐูƒุฑูŠู† ุฏูŠุงู† ุณูŠูุฑูˆู†ุŸ ุซู„ุงู…ุณุŒ ู‡ูŠุจูˆุซู„ุงู…ุณุŒ
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:02:42,810 --> 00:02:45,470
131
+ ุณุจุซู„ุงู…ุณุŒ ู…ูŠุชุงุซู„ุงู…ุณุŒ ุฅูŠุจูŠุซุงู„ุงู…ุณุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:02:45,470 --> 00:02:49,390
135
+ subthalamus ุณูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุฏูŠุงู† ุณูŠูุฑูˆู†ุŒ ูˆ
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:02:49,390 --> 00:02:54,990
139
+ ุงู„ thalamus ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ู† ุฏูŠุงู† ุณูŠูุฑูˆู†
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:02:55,700 --> 00:03:00,140
143
+ Substantia Negra ู‡ูŠ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Extra Pyramidal
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:00,140 --> 00:03:06,560
147
+ Nervous System ูˆู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Midbrain
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:06,560 --> 00:03:11,680
151
+ Substantia
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:11,680 --> 00:03:17,670
155
+ Negra ุชูุฑุฒ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู†ูŠู† ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุญุฏุซ ู†ู‚ุตููŠ ู…ุงุฏุฉ
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:17,670 --> 00:03:22,750
159
+ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจู†ุชุฌ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู…ุฑุถ ุงุณู…ู‡ Parkinson
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:22,750 --> 00:03:28,650
163
+ disease ุงูˆ shaking palsy ู…ุฑุถ ุดูุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฑุนุงุด ุงูˆ ู…ุฑุถ
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:28,650 --> 00:03:34,250
167
+ Parkinson Red nucleus ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูƒู…ุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ middle
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:34,250 --> 00:03:39,730
171
+ brain ูˆูŠู„ู‡ุง ุฏูˆุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ extrapyramidal
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:03:39,730 --> 00:03:46,730
175
+ nervous systemclinical correlation of the
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:03:46,730 --> 00:03:53,150
179
+ extrapyramidal nervous system ู„ูŠู‡ ู„ู‡ู… ู…ู„ุงู‚ุงุฉ ุจุจุนุถ
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:03:53,150 --> 00:03:58,930
183
+ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† disease ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ degeneration
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:03:58,930 --> 00:04:04,270
187
+ and depigmentation of neurons in the substantia
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:04,270 --> 00:04:07,070
191
+ nigra ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุจุฑูƒู†ุณูˆู† ุฑุงุญ ู†ุงุฎุฏู‡ ููŠ ุณู†ุฉ ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ููŠ
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:07,070 --> 00:04:14,040
195
+ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉุจูŠุญุฏุซ neurodegenerative changes in the
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:14,040 --> 00:04:19,020
199
+ substantia nigra ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูุฑุฒ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ุฏูˆุจุงู…ูŠู†
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:19,020 --> 00:04:21,720
203
+ ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† Parkinson disease ูŠุนุชุจุฑ it chronic
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:21,720 --> 00:04:27,120
207
+ slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:04:27,120 --> 00:04:35,960
211
+ characterized by loss of pigmented neurons in the
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:04:35,960 --> 00:04:41,590
215
+ substantia nigraูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุงูŠู‡ loss of
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:04:41,590 --> 00:04:46,430
219
+ pigmented neurons in substantia negra ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:04:46,430 --> 00:04:50,730
223
+ ูŠุคุฏูŠ ุงู„ู‰ ุงูŠู‡ ุจุฑุงุฏูŠูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒูŠุง ุงูˆ ู‡ูŠุจูˆูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒูŠุง ุจุชู‚ู
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:04:50,730 --> 00:04:58,330
227
+ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ muscle rigidity breast tremor ุจุณ ุดุบู„
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:04:58,330 --> 00:05:03,470
231
+ instability ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ู„ุฅูŠู‡ ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:03,470 --> 00:05:09,120
235
+ Parkinson disease ุงุซู†ูŠู†Huntington's disease ุฃูˆ
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:09,120 --> 00:05:14,560
239
+ ูƒูˆุฑูŠุฉุชุนุชุจุฑ autosomal dominant ุฃูˆ ุฏุงุฆุฑ ุฑู‚ุต ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:14,560 --> 00:05:20,060
243
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถูˆ ู…ุงุดูŠ ู…ุซู„ ุจุฑู‚ุต ุฏุงุฆุฑ ุฑู‚ุต autosomal dominant
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:20,060 --> 00:05:25,500
247
+ movement disorder associated with severe
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:25,500 --> 00:05:33,140
251
+ degeneration of the cholinergic and GABAergic
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:05:33,140 --> 00:05:40,770
255
+ neurons ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุงุนุชุจุฑ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ GABAู‡ูˆ
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:05:40,770 --> 00:05:46,750
259
+ ุจุงู„ ูƒูˆู„ูŠู†ูŠุฑุฌูŠูƒ ุชู…ุงู… which are located in the
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:05:46,750 --> 00:05:50,910
263
+ caudate nucleus and butamine ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:05:50,910 --> 00:05:57,970
267
+ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ูƒูˆุฑูŠุฉ and dementia and dementia ูˆู†ุชุฌ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:05:57,970 --> 00:06:04,530
271
+ degeneration ููŠ ุงู„ูƒูˆู„ูŠู†ูŠุฑุฌูŠูƒ ูˆุงู„ู‚ุนุจุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ู‚ุนุจุฉ
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:04,530 --> 00:06:06,170
275
+ amino biotic acid
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:15,630 --> 00:06:22,210
279
+ ุจุงู„ูŠุฒู…ุณ ุฃูˆ ู‡ูŠุจูˆ ุจุงู„ูŠุฒู…ุณ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุดูŠุก ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุดูˆูู‡ ููŠ
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:22,210 --> 00:06:25,590
283
+ ุญุงู„ุงุช ischemic infarction ู„ู…ุง ูŠุญุฏุซ ischemic
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:25,590 --> 00:06:30,770
287
+ infarction ููŠ ุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡ Lewis body ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:06:30,770 --> 00:06:34,450
291
+ ููŠ ุงู„ subthalamus ุชุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฅูŠู‡ ุจุงู„ูŠุฒู…ุณ ุฃูˆ
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:06:34,450 --> 00:06:38,670
295
+ hemibalism involuntary movementููŠ ู…ูˆุงุถุน ุขุฎุฑ
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:06:40,480 --> 00:06:45,220
299
+ Hepatolenticular Degeneration ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ูˆูŠู„ุณูˆู†
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:06:45,220 --> 00:06:51,500
303
+ ุฏูŠุฒูŠุฒ ู…ุฑุถ ูˆูŠู„ุณูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุณู…ูˆู‡ Hepatolenticular
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:06:51,500 --> 00:06:55,180
307
+ Degeneration ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ุจูŠุตูŠุจ ุงู„ู„ูุฑ ูˆุจูŠุตูŠุจ ุงู„ุจูŠุฒุง
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:06:55,180 --> 00:06:59,320
311
+ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ู„ูŠู†ุชูŠููˆุฑ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ accumulation of
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:06:59,320 --> 00:07:03,040
315
+ copper ูˆุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู†ุฒุงูŠู… ุงุณู…ู‡
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:07:03,040 --> 00:07:06,900
319
+ ุงู„ceruloplasmin ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ceruloplasmin ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ููŠ
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:06,900 --> 00:07:10,300
323
+ mutation ุฃูˆ ุชุณู…ู‰ ุงู„ recessive diseaseูˆ
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:10,300 --> 00:07:15,080
327
+ ุณูŠุฑูˆู„ูู„ุงุฒู…ูŠู† ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุนู…ู„ binding ู…ุน ุงู„ู‚ุจุฑ ุชุชุญุฏ
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:07:15,080 --> 00:07:18,380
331
+ ู…ุน ุงู„ู†ุญุงุณ ูˆ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ู…ุนู‡ ุงู„ุจุนูˆุถ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ู…ุนู‡ ุนุตุงุฑุฉ
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:07:18,380 --> 00:07:25,280
335
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุฑู…ู† ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุงู† ููŠ mutation ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:07:25,280 --> 00:07:32,560
339
+ enzyme ุจูŠุญุฏุซ block ูˆ ุนุฏู… ู…ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุชุญุงุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ู‚ุจุฑ
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:07:32,560 --> 00:07:36,900
343
+ ูˆ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ accumulation ู„ู„ู‚ุจุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ body ูˆ ุงู„ู‚ุจุฑ ุฑุงุญ
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:07:36,900 --> 00:07:40,560
347
+ ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ liver ูˆ ุงู„ base ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ other
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:07:40,560 --> 00:07:45,660
351
+ organs type
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:07:45,660 --> 00:07:50,490
355
+ of body movementsุงู„ุงู† ุงูŠุด ุงู„ body movements ููŠ
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:07:50,490 --> 00:07:56,190
359
+ autonomous ุงูˆ reflex movement ุงู†ุง ุจุนู…ู„ ุญุฑูƒุงุช
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:07:56,190 --> 00:07:59,370
363
+ reflex ุจุฏูˆู† ุฅุฑุงุฏุฉ ุจุฏูˆู† ุฅุฑุงุฏุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:07:59,370 --> 00:08:05,410
367
+ involuntary movement ุงูˆ postural without ุงูˆ ุงูˆ
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:08:05,410 --> 00:08:08,970
371
+ ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ withdrawal reflex withdrawal reflex ูŠุนู†ูŠ
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:08:08,970 --> 00:08:14,890
375
+ ุงู†ุง ุจุนู…ู„ู‡ุง ุจุฏูˆู† ู…ุง .. ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุญุฑูƒุงุช ู„ุง ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:08:14,890 --> 00:08:21,730
379
+ ุญุฑูƒุงุช ู„ุง ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุฉูˆููŠ rhythmic voluntary movement ู…ุซู„
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:08:21,730 --> 00:08:25,730
383
+ ุงู„ chewing ูˆ walking ู‡ุฐู‡ ุญุฑูƒุงุช ุฅุฑุงุฏูŠุฉ ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏุฃ
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:08:25,730 --> 00:08:30,490
387
+ ุงุชุญุฑูƒ ุงุชุญุฑูƒ ู…ุดูŠุช ูˆู‚ูุช ุฎู„ุงุต ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ voluntary
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:08:30,490 --> 00:08:39,290
391
+ movement ุงู†ุง ุจุชุญูƒู… ููŠู‡ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุงุช the
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:08:39,290 --> 00:08:43,990
395
+ anterior horn cells ููŠ ุงู„ spinal cord ููŠ anterior
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:08:43,990 --> 00:08:48,820
399
+ horn cellsู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ anterior horn cells ุงู„ู€ main
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:08:48,820 --> 00:08:53,940
403
+ function ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ุง motor main function ู„ู‡ุง motor ุงู„ู€
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:08:53,940 --> 00:08:57,900
407
+ anterior horn cells consist of motor cells ูŠุจู‚ู‰
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:08:57,900 --> 00:09:02,360
411
+ ููŠู‡ุง ุฃูŠู‡ุŸ motor cells ุงู„ู€ anterior horn cells
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:09:02,360 --> 00:09:09,840
415
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠู‡ุง medial group nuclei central group
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:09:09,840 --> 00:09:16,670
419
+ nucleiand lateral group nuclei ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:09:16,670 --> 00:09:21,370
423
+ ุงู„ู‡ูˆุฑูˆู† ุณูŠู„ุฒ ููŠู‡ุง ูƒุงู… ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู„ูŠ ุฌุฑูˆุจ
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:09:21,370 --> 00:09:29,390
427
+ central group and lateral group ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู„ูŠ
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:09:29,390 --> 00:09:35,890
431
+ ุฌุฑูˆุจ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงู„ูŠ ุฌุฑูˆุจ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ูƒู„ spinal cordุฃุถุงุก
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:09:35,890 --> 00:09:39,630
435
+ ุงู„ mediary group ููŠ ุงู„ thoracic segment ุจู†ุฌุณู…ู‡
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:09:39,630 --> 00:09:45,150
439
+ ู„ventromedial and dorsomedial ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู†
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:09:45,150 --> 00:09:51,630
443
+ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ trunk supply the muscle of trunk ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ููŠ
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:09:51,630 --> 00:09:57,010
447
+ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงูŠู‡ ู„ู„ trunkุŸ Central group ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:09:57,010 --> 00:10:04,330
451
+ ุงู„ upper cervical part ููŠ C1 ูˆ C4ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:10:04,330 --> 00:10:10,090
455
+ ุจูŠุนุทูˆุง fibers ู„ู€ pharynx nerve ูˆ spinal accessory
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:10:10,090 --> 00:10:14,010
459
+ nerve ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ุฐูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู† pharynx nerve
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:10:14,010 --> 00:10:18,870
463
+ ู„ุฏูŠ ุฃูุฑุงุฏ ูˆ spinal accessory nerve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุบุฏู‰
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:10:18,870 --> 00:10:24,070
467
+ trapezius muscle and sternocleidomastoid muscle
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:10:24,070 --> 00:10:30,320
471
+ lateral groupู…ู† ุฌุณู… ุงู„ู€Ventral Lateral ูˆDorsal
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:10:30,320 --> 00:10:33,940
475
+ Lateral ู‡ุฐูŠู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ lower cervical ููŠ ุงู„
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:10:33,940 --> 00:10:39,560
479
+ lumber ููŠ ุงู„ upper segment of sacral ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู†
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:10:39,560 --> 00:10:46,720
483
+ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู† ุงู„ upper ูˆ lower limb muscle ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ medial
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:10:46,720 --> 00:10:50,200
487
+ group muscle ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ trunk ูˆ ุงู„ abdominal
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:10:50,200 --> 00:10:55,630
491
+ muscleCentral group ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† Pharynx ุฃูˆ
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:10:55,630 --> 00:10:59,010
495
+ Diaphragmatic nerve ูˆ Spinal accessory nerve
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:10:59,010 --> 00:11:03,010
499
+ ุจูŠุบุฏูˆุง ุงู„ Diaphragm ูˆ Trapezius muscle ูˆ
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:11:03,010 --> 00:11:08,870
503
+ Sternocleidomastoid muscle ูˆ Lateral group ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู†
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:11:08,870 --> 00:11:13,910
507
+ ุฌุณู…ู‡ ู„ูŠู‡ ุฌุณู…ูŠู† Dorsolateral ูˆ Ventrolateral ู‡ุฐูˆู„
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:11:13,910 --> 00:11:17,270
511
+ ุจูŠุบุฏูˆู† ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ุงู„ Upper ูˆ Lower limb muscles
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:11:19,990 --> 00:11:24,530
515
+ rule the spinal cord in motor function ุงูŠุด ูˆุธูŠูุฉ
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:11:24,530 --> 00:11:27,530
519
+ ุงู„ spinal cord ุงูŠุด ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ anterior horn
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:11:27,530 --> 00:11:35,090
523
+ cells ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ spinal cord ููŠ motor neurons
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:11:35,090 --> 00:11:38,970
527
+ ูˆูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุงู„ motor neurons ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:11:38,970 --> 00:11:44,250
531
+ anterior horn cells ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ main function of the
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:11:44,250 --> 00:11:52,040
535
+ anterior horn cells is motor functionููŠ ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ู…ู†
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:11:52,040 --> 00:11:58,460
539
+ ุงู„ู€ neurons ููŠ Alpha Motoneuron ูˆููŠ Gamma
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:11:58,460 --> 00:12:05,510
543
+ Motoneuron Alpha Motoneuronit is large type ูŠุนู†ูŠ
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:12:05,510 --> 00:12:10,190
547
+ give rise to large type a alpha motoneuron fibers
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:12:10,190 --> 00:12:15,330
551
+ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู† stimulation of the muscle fibers
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:12:15,330 --> 00:12:20,430
555
+ ูŠุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ alpha motoneuron ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:12:20,430 --> 00:12:25,110
559
+ large type a alpha ูˆุจูŠุบุฏุฆู†ุง ูˆู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู†
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:12:25,110 --> 00:12:30,380
563
+ stimulation of muscle fibers ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠGamma
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:12:30,380 --> 00:12:35,820
567
+ Motoneuron Gamma Motoneuron ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:12:35,820 --> 00:12:43,040
571
+ small of type A Gamma ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… control the muscle
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:12:43,040 --> 00:12:46,040
575
+ tone ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ small fibers ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:12:46,040 --> 00:12:51,240
579
+ regulation of muscle tone ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ large fibers ุงู„ู„ูŠ
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:12:51,240 --> 00:12:56,300
583
+ ุจูŠุฌูˆุง ู…ู† Alpha Motoneuron ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจ stimulation
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:12:56,300 --> 00:13:01,660
587
+ of muscle fibersูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃูˆู„ ู†ูˆุน ู…ูˆุชูˆ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู†ุฒ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู†
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:13:01,660 --> 00:13:08,660
591
+ ููŠ ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ ู‡ูˆุฑ ุณูŠู„ุฒุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ Inter neurons
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:13:08,660 --> 00:13:15,400
595
+ Inter neurons ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… Intermediate Intermediate
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:13:15,400 --> 00:13:19,480
599
+ neurons ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ Inter neurons ุงูˆ ุงู„ Intermediate
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:13:19,480 --> 00:13:24,520
603
+ neurons ูˆู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† between the sensory
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:13:24,520 --> 00:13:28,740
607
+ neurons and motor ุจูŠู† ุงู„ sensory ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูˆุชุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:13:28,740 --> 00:13:36,220
611
+ ุจู„ุบุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุจูŠู†ุจุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู‡ูˆุฑ ุณูŠู„ุฒ ูˆุงู†ุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:13:36,220 --> 00:13:40,940
615
+ ู‡ูˆุฑ ุณูŠู„ุฒ ู…ุงู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠุฉ ู„ู‡ู…ุŸ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:13:40,940 --> 00:13:45,820
619
+ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠุฉ ุฑูู„ูŠูƒุณ ุณูŠู†ุชุฑ ู…ุซู„ู…ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุงู†ุชุฑ ู…ูŠุฏูŠุงุช
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:13:45,820 --> 00:13:49,640
623
+ ุงูŠุฑูŠุง ูˆูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุจูŠู† ุงู„ูู†ุชุฑุงู„ ูˆ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุณู„ ู‡ูˆุฑุณ ุงูˆ
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:13:49,640 --> 00:13:54,400
627
+ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุงู†ุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ุจุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ู‡ูˆุฑุณ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:13:55,560 --> 00:13:59,920
631
+ Excitatory for Integrative Function of the Spinal
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:13:59,920 --> 00:14:05,380
635
+ Cord ูŠุนุชุจุฑู‡ Integrative Function ุฃูˆ Reflex Center
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:14:05,380 --> 00:14:07,480
639
+ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู… Reflex Center
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:14:26,330 --> 00:14:29,810
643
+ ุจุงู„ motor fibers ุชุนู…ู„ contraction of the muscle
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:14:29,810 --> 00:14:34,750
647
+ ูˆุจูŠุญุธู ุนู†ู‡ุง reflex ู„ุงุฒู…
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:14:34,750 --> 00:14:39,630
651
+ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุดูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ pyramidal attract ุงูŠุด ู‡ูˆ
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:14:39,630 --> 00:14:44,930
655
+ pyramidal attractุŸ pyramidal attract contains
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:14:44,930 --> 00:14:50,710
659
+ about one million nerve fibers ููŠ one million
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:14:50,710 --> 00:14:57,430
663
+ nerve fibersit is the longest nerve fibers in the
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:14:57,430 --> 00:15:02,750
667
+ body ูˆ ุฃุทูˆู„ nerve fibers ุฃูˆ ุฃุทูˆู„ tract ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ู‡ูˆ
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:15:02,750 --> 00:15:07,490
671
+ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠ ุฏู‡ ุงู„ tract ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุจุจุฏุฃุŸ ุงู„ origin
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:15:07,490 --> 00:15:12,560
675
+ ุจุชุงุนู‡ ุจุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุจุช ุงู„ cellsู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:15:12,560 --> 00:15:17,160
679
+ internal pyramidal layer ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃูŠ ุทุจู‚ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุทุจู‚ุฉ
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:15:17,160 --> 00:15:21,420
683
+ ุงู„ุฎุงู…ุณุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ cortex ููŠ ุงู„ internal pyramidal
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:15:21,420 --> 00:15:25,240
687
+ layer ู…ู† ุงูŠุด ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ cortex ููŠ ุงู„histology ุจุชูƒูˆู†
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:15:25,240 --> 00:15:31,300
691
+ ู…ู† six layers ุงูˆู„ layer molecular layer ุซุงู†ูŠ layer
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:15:31,300 --> 00:15:38,020
695
+ external granular layer ุซุงู„ุซExternal Pyramidal
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:15:38,020 --> 00:15:44,240
699
+ Layer ุฑุงุจุน Internal Granular Layer ุฎุงู…ุณ Ganglionic
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:15:44,240 --> 00:15:48,400
703
+ Layers ุฃูˆ Internal Pyramidal Layer ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Internal
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:15:48,400 --> 00:15:53,260
707
+ Pyramidal Layer ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ุจุซุณู„ุฒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ุงูˆ
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:15:53,260 --> 00:15:57,660
711
+ ู‡ู… ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ Pyramidal Retract ูˆุขุฎุฑ ุดูŠ
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:15:57,660 --> 00:16:02,920
715
+ Multiform Layers ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ layers ู‡ู… layers of
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:16:02,920 --> 00:16:04,560
719
+ cerebral cortex
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:16:07,390 --> 00:16:11,550
723
+ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู„ู…ุง ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ cortex ุณุฑุงุญุชู„ูƒู…
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:16:11,550 --> 00:16:20,590
727
+ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ ููŠ
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:16:20,590 --> 00:16:32,450
731
+ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ุฃูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ูƒุฐุง ุงู„ุฑุฃุณ ุชุญุช ุงู„
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:16:32,450 --> 00:16:38,360
735
+ upper limbs ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุตุฑ ูˆุงู„ lower limbs ููˆู‚ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:16:38,360 --> 00:16:42,440
739
+ upper one third ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ lower limbs ููŠ ุงู„ middle
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:16:42,440 --> 00:16:47,740
743
+ one third ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ upper limbs ูˆ ุงู„ trunk ููŠ ุงู„
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:16:47,740 --> 00:16:55,810
747
+ lower one third ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ head ูˆ ุงู„ neckู‡ุฐุง ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:16:55,810 --> 00:17:00,210
751
+ somatotopy cortical somatotopy ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุฃุฌุงู„
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:17:00,210 --> 00:17:05,010
755
+ ุงู„ุชูŠูˆู…ุบ ููŠ ุงู„ upper part ุจูŠุญุฏุซ weakness ููŠ ุงู„
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:17:05,010 --> 00:17:08,370
759
+ opposite lower limb ููŠ ุงู„ middle ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ upper limb
760
+
761
+ 191
762
+ 00:17:08,370 --> 00:17:12,170
763
+ ููŠ ุงู„ lower part ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ face ูˆ ุงู„ head okay
764
+
765
+ 192
766
+ 00:17:12,170 --> 00:17:19,460
767
+ ู…ู„ุงุญุธูŠู† ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ sensory area ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ motor areaูˆูŠู† ุงู„
768
+
769
+ 193
770
+ 00:17:19,460 --> 00:17:23,200
771
+ lower limbsุŸ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ููˆู‚ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุจูŠุฌูŠู‡ุด ุงู„ upper limbs
772
+
773
+ 194
774
+ 00:17:23,200 --> 00:17:26,540
775
+ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุจูŠุฌูŠู‡ ุงู„ head ูˆ ุงู„ neck ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ sensor ู†ูุณ
776
+
777
+ 195
778
+ 00:17:26,540 --> 00:17:30,960
779
+ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ููŠ ุงู„ motor ู‡ู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ upper limb ู‡ู†ุง lower
780
+
781
+ 196
782
+ 00:17:30,960 --> 00:17:34,360
783
+ limb ุจุชูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ upper part ููŠ ุงู„ middle part ุงู„
784
+
785
+ 197
786
+ 00:17:34,360 --> 00:17:37,040
787
+ upper limbs ูˆ ุงู„ head ููŠ ุงู„ lower part ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ
788
+
789
+ 198
790
+ 00:17:37,040 --> 00:17:40,920
791
+ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ face ู‡ูŠ ู‡ู… ู‡ู†ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ
792
+
793
+ 199
794
+ 00:17:40,920 --> 00:17:48,420
795
+ lower limbs upper limbs ูˆ trunk ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ head ูˆ ุงู„
796
+
797
+ 200
798
+ 00:17:48,420 --> 00:17:56,560
799
+ faceู‡ูƒุฐุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ cerebral cortex
800
+
801
+ 201
802
+ 00:17:56,560 --> 00:18:05,220
803
+ ุงู„ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠ
804
+
805
+ 202
806
+ 00:18:05,220 --> 00:18:12,260
807
+ ุฏู‡ ุงู„ tract ุจูŠุฑุงู…ูŠ ุฏู‡ ุงู„ tract ู†ุฑุณู…ู‡ ู‡ู†ุง ู†ุฎุทุทู‡ ู…ุน
808
+
809
+ 203
810
+ 00:18:12,260 --> 00:18:12,620
811
+ ุจุนุถ
812
+
813
+ 204
814
+ 00:18:19,940 --> 00:18:28,040
815
+ ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„
816
+
817
+ 205
818
+ 00:18:28,040 --> 00:18:31,680
819
+ track
820
+
821
+ 206
822
+ 00:18:31,680 --> 00:18:35,480
823
+ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„
824
+
825
+ 207
826
+ 00:18:35,480 --> 00:18:43,440
827
+ track ู…ู† ุงู„ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ุงูˆู„
828
+
829
+ 208
830
+ 00:18:43,440 --> 00:18:49,180
831
+ ู‚ุณู… ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ cortico spinal
832
+
833
+ 209
834
+ 00:18:52,560 --> 00:19:00,180
835
+ ุงู„ู‚ุณู… ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ
836
+
837
+ 210
838
+ 00:19:00,180 --> 00:19:09,200
839
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ุชุฑุงูƒุช ุงูˆ ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ ุจุงู„ุจุฑ
840
+
841
+ 211
842
+ 00:19:17,420 --> 00:19:21,860
843
+ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ spinal tract ูˆุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ
844
+
845
+ 212
846
+ 00:19:21,860 --> 00:19:24,200
847
+ ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ุฃูˆ ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ ุจู„ุจุฑ
848
+
849
+ 213
850
+ 00:19:35,420 --> 00:19:41,380
851
+ ุงู„ู€ Corticonuclear tract ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ูˆ Corticospinal
852
+
853
+ 214
854
+ 00:19:41,380 --> 00:19:47,400
855
+ tract ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ู…ู† ุงุณู…ู‡ Corticonuclear tract
856
+
857
+ 215
858
+ 00:19:47,400 --> 00:19:51,420
859
+ Corticonuclear tract ุงูŠู‡ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงูŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ
860
+
861
+ 216
862
+ 00:19:51,420 --> 00:20:01,180
863
+ Corticonuclear tractุŸ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง fibers ู„ู…ู†ุŸ ู„ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆ
864
+
865
+ 217
866
+ 00:20:02,580 --> 00:20:11,160
867
+ ู‡ูˆ cells in the spinal cord ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุง ู†ุณู…ูˆ Cortico-H
868
+
869
+ 218
870
+ 00:20:11,160 --> 00:20:14,820
871
+ spinal ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ cortex ูˆ ุจู†ุชู‡ูŠ ูˆูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„
872
+
873
+ 219
874
+ 00:20:14,820 --> 00:20:21,840
875
+ spinal ุทุจ ูˆ Cortico ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง fibers ู„ู…ู†ุŸ
876
+
877
+ 220
878
+ 00:20:21,840 --> 00:20:28,040
879
+ to motor nuclei
880
+
881
+ 221
882
+ 00:20:28,040 --> 00:20:31,760
883
+ in the brain stem
884
+
885
+ 222
886
+ 00:20:35,500 --> 00:20:47,520
887
+ ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ of cranial nerve of cranial
888
+
889
+ 223
890
+ 00:20:47,520 --> 00:20:52,340
891
+ nerve in
892
+
893
+ 224
894
+ 00:20:52,340 --> 00:21:00,060
895
+ the brain ุงู„ุณู… ุชู…ุงู…
896
+
897
+ 225
898
+ 00:21:04,430 --> 00:21:14,250
899
+ Corticospinal tract ุชู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† Lateral
900
+
901
+ 226
902
+ 00:21:14,250 --> 00:21:17,970
903
+ Corticospinal
904
+
905
+ 227
906
+ 00:21:17,970 --> 00:21:25,810
907
+ tract ูˆ Ventral Corticospinal
908
+
909
+ 228
910
+ 00:21:25,810 --> 00:21:26,470
911
+ tract
912
+
913
+ 229
914
+ 00:21:30,280 --> 00:21:34,280
915
+ ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู‚ุณู… ุงู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† lateral corticospinal tract and
916
+
917
+ 230
918
+ 00:21:34,280 --> 00:21:37,540
919
+ ventral corticospinal tract lateral corticospinal
920
+
921
+ 231
922
+ 00:21:37,540 --> 00:21:43,300
923
+ tract supply supply
924
+
925
+ 232
926
+ 00:21:43,300 --> 00:21:52,420
927
+ the upper limbs and lower limbs ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ ventral
928
+
929
+ 233
930
+ 00:21:52,420 --> 00:21:57,500
931
+ corticospinal tract supply ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
932
+
933
+ 234
934
+ 00:22:04,260 --> 00:22:09,520
935
+ trunk and abdominal
936
+
937
+ 235
938
+ 00:22:09,520 --> 00:22:14,980
939
+ muscle ูŠุจู‚ู‰
940
+
941
+ 236
942
+ 00:22:14,980 --> 00:22:19,620
943
+ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ ventral tract ุฃูˆ ventral
944
+
945
+ 237
946
+ 00:22:19,620 --> 00:22:21,880
947
+ corticospinal tract ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุณุคูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ respiratory
948
+
949
+ 238
950
+ 00:22:21,880 --> 00:22:25,640
951
+ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ respiratory muscle ู‚ุงู„ cortico
952
+
953
+ 239
954
+ 00:22:28,610 --> 00:22:31,350
955
+ Bulbar tract ุฑุงุญ ูŠู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ .. ุงูˆ corticonuclear
956
+
957
+ 240
958
+ 00:22:31,350 --> 00:22:36,590
959
+ tract ุฑุงุญ ูŠู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู‚ุณู…
960
+
961
+ 241
962
+ 00:22:36,590 --> 00:22:43,930
963
+ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุงุณู…ู‡ lateral ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก corticonuclear tract
964
+
965
+ 242
966
+ 00:22:43,930 --> 00:22:50,030
967
+ ูˆุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ medial corticonuclear
968
+
969
+ 243
970
+ 00:22:50,030 --> 00:22:56,630
971
+ tract ุงู„ medial corticonuclear tract ุณู‡ู„ supply
972
+
973
+ 244
974
+ 00:22:59,180 --> 00:23:07,700
975
+ ุฃูˆ give fibers to
976
+
977
+ 245
978
+ 00:23:07,700 --> 00:23:20,300
979
+ ocular nuclei ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ูˆุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ูˆุงู„ุณุงุฏุณ
980
+
981
+ 246
982
+ 00:23:20,300 --> 00:23:22,560
983
+ from
984
+
985
+ 247
986
+ 00:23:26,510 --> 00:23:31,150
987
+ both cerebral hemisphere ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ media ุงู„ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ
988
+
989
+ 248
990
+ 00:23:31,150 --> 00:23:33,990
991
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ุชุฑูŠุงูƒุช ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ุงู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ุณุงุนุฉ ุงู„ ุงูˆูƒู„ุงู…ูˆุชุฑ
992
+
993
+ 249
994
+ 00:23:33,990 --> 00:23:37,310
995
+ ูˆ ุชุฑูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ูˆ ุงู„ุงุจุฏูˆุณู†ุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ both side ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู„ู‰
996
+
997
+ 250
998
+ 00:23:37,310 --> 00:23:39,450
999
+ ุงู„ right ูˆ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ left ูˆ ุงู„ left ุจูŠุนุทูŠ right left
1000
+
1001
+ 251
1002
+ 00:23:39,450 --> 00:23:42,630
1003
+ ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ of ุงูˆูƒู„ุงู…ูˆุชุฑ ุชุฑูˆูƒู„ูŠุง ูˆ
1004
+
1005
+ 252
1006
+ 00:23:42,630 --> 00:23:46,110
1007
+ ุงู„ุงุจุฏูˆุณู†ุช ุจูŠุงุฎุฏู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ both cerebral hemisphere ุทุจ
1008
+
1009
+ 253
1010
+ 00:23:46,110 --> 00:23:52,590
1011
+ ุงู„ lateral ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑ ุชุฑูŠุงูƒุช ุจูŠุนุทูŠ
1012
+
1013
+ 254
1014
+ 00:23:52,590 --> 00:23:53,750
1015
+ ู„ุงู„ู…ูˆุชุฑ
1016
+
1017
+ 255
1018
+ 00:23:55,610 --> 00:24:04,570
1019
+ Nuclei of Trigeminal
1020
+
1021
+ 256
1022
+ 00:24:04,570 --> 00:24:09,750
1023
+ nerve Dorsal
1024
+
1025
+ 257
1026
+ 00:24:09,750 --> 00:24:17,170
1027
+ facial nerve Glucopharyngeal,
1028
+
1029
+ 258
1030
+ 00:24:17,770 --> 00:24:22,490
1031
+ vagus ูˆ cranial accessory ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู…ุจูŠุบุงุณ
1032
+
1033
+ 259
1034
+ 00:24:22,490 --> 00:24:23,010
1035
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
1036
+
1037
+ 260
1038
+ 00:24:29,020 --> 00:24:36,020
1039
+ cranial accessory from both cerebral hemisphere
1040
+
1041
+ 261
1042
+ 00:24:36,020 --> 00:24:46,500
1043
+ and ูˆุจูŠุนุทูŠ ูƒู…ุงู† two ventral nucleus
1044
+
1045
+ 262
1046
+ 00:24:46,500 --> 00:24:55,440
1047
+ of facial nerve ูุงุตู„ุฉ ูˆhypoglossal nerve
1048
+
1049
+ 263
1050
+ 00:24:55,440 --> 00:24:57,680
1051
+ hypoglossal nucleus
1052
+
1053
+ 264
1054
+ 00:25:01,760 --> 00:25:07,360
1055
+ only from opposite side
1056
+
1057
+ 265
1058
+ 00:25:12,120 --> 00:25:17,500
1059
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุดุฑุญู†ุง ู„ูƒู… ู…ุฎุทุท ุจุชุงุน ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ ุฅุชุฑุงูƒุช ุดุฑุญู†ุง
1060
+
1061
+ 266
1062
+ 00:25:17,500 --> 00:25:21,220
1063
+ ู„ูƒู… ู…ุฎุทุท ุจุชุงุน ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ ุฅุชุฑุงูƒุช ู‡ู†ุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุจุณ ู…ุด ูˆุงุถุญ
1064
+
1065
+ 267
1066
+ 00:25:21,220 --> 00:25:24,900
1067
+ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุฑู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุตูˆุฑุชู„ูƒูˆุง ุฅูŠุงู‡ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุฑุณู…ู†ุง
1068
+
1069
+ 268
1070
+ 00:25:24,900 --> 00:25:28,620
1071
+ ู„ูƒูˆุง ุฅูŠุงู‡ุง ูˆุฎุทุทุชูˆุง ู„ูƒู… ุงู„ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ ุฅุชุฑุงูƒุช ุจู†ู‚ุณู…
1072
+
1073
+ 269
1074
+ 00:25:28,620 --> 00:25:34,140
1075
+ ู„ุฌุฒุฆูŠู† ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ corticospinal tractูˆุฌุฒุก ุซุงู†ูŠ
1076
+
1077
+ 270
1078
+ 00:25:34,140 --> 00:25:36,600
1079
+ Corticobulbar ุงูˆ Corticonuclear tract
1080
+
1081
+ 271
1082
+ 00:25:36,600 --> 00:25:39,740
1083
+ Corticospinal tract ูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒูˆุฑุชูƒุณ ูˆูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ ููŠ
1084
+
1085
+ 272
1086
+ 00:25:39,740 --> 00:25:44,060
1087
+ spinal cord ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุนุทูŠ fibers ู„ู„ุงู†ุชุฑุงู„ ูˆุญุณู„ ููŠ
1088
+
1089
+ 273
1090
+ 00:25:44,060 --> 00:25:49,540
1091
+ spinal cord ูˆ Corticobulbar tract ุจูŠุนุทูŠ fibers to
1092
+
1093
+ 274
1094
+ 00:25:49,540 --> 00:25:53,760
1095
+ motor nuclei of the cranial nerves in the brain
1096
+
1097
+ 275
1098
+ 00:25:53,760 --> 00:25:58,860
1099
+ stem in the brain stem okay Corticospinal tract
1100
+
1101
+ 276
1102
+ 00:25:58,860 --> 00:26:05,610
1103
+ ุจู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู†Lateral corticospinal tract ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„
1104
+
1105
+ 277
1106
+ 00:26:05,610 --> 00:26:11,190
1107
+ lateral column of spinal cord ูˆ ุจูŠุบุถูŠ ุงู„ upper ูˆ
1108
+
1109
+ 278
1110
+ 00:26:11,190 --> 00:26:16,070
1111
+ lower limbsูˆventral corticospinal tract supply
1112
+
1113
+ 279
1114
+ 00:26:16,070 --> 00:26:21,730
1115
+ trunk and abdominal muscle ุจู…ุงุฑ ูˆูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ventral
1116
+
1117
+ 280
1118
+ 00:26:21,730 --> 00:26:25,870
1119
+ column of spinal cord ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู„ Corticobulbar tract
1120
+
1121
+ 281
1122
+ 00:26:25,870 --> 00:26:31,490
1123
+ ุจู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† lateral corticonuclear tract and
1124
+
1125
+ 282
1126
+ 00:26:31,490 --> 00:26:36,270
1127
+ medial corticonuclear tract ุงู„ medial
1128
+
1129
+ 283
1130
+ 00:26:36,270 --> 00:26:37,810
1131
+ corticonuclear tract
1132
+
1133
+ 284
1134
+ 00:26:47,600 --> 00:26:50,800
1135
+ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุฑุงุช ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ู… ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุจุฑู‡ูŠู† ุงู„ุณู… ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
1136
+
1137
+ 285
1138
+ 00:26:50,800 --> 00:26:53,640
1139
+ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง
1140
+
1141
+ 286
1142
+ 00:26:53,640 --> 00:26:55,860
1143
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงูˆ
1144
+
1145
+ 287
1146
+ 00:26:55,860 --> 00:26:57,280
1147
+ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
1148
+
1149
+ 288
1150
+ 00:26:57,280 --> 00:26:58,920
1151
+ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงูˆ ุงูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง
1152
+
1153
+ 289
1154
+ 00:26:58,920 --> 00:27:04,480
1155
+ ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง
1156
+
1157
+ 290
1158
+ 00:27:04,480 --> 00:27:05,610
1159
+ ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูƒูˆู„ุง ู†ูˆูˆุงู„ู€
1160
+
1161
+ 291
1162
+ 00:27:05,610 --> 00:27:09,190
1163
+ left ุจูŠู‚ูˆุท left ูˆ ุจูŠู‚ูˆุท right ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ nucleus
1164
+
1165
+ 292
1166
+ 00:27:09,190 --> 00:27:14,030
1167
+ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ motor nuclei of the ocular nerve received
1168
+
1169
+ 293
1170
+ 00:27:14,030 --> 00:27:17,950
1171
+ fibers from the corticonuclear tract ุฃูŠู‡ ูˆุงุญุฏ
1172
+
1173
+ 294
1174
+ 00:27:17,950 --> 00:27:22,530
1175
+ ููŠู‡ู…ุŸ from the medial corticonuclear tract from
1176
+
1177
+ 295
1178
+ 00:27:22,530 --> 00:27:27,020
1179
+ both cerebral hemispheresู†ุฌูŠ ู„ู€ lateral
1180
+
1181
+ 296
1182
+ 00:27:27,020 --> 00:27:31,700
1183
+ corticonuclear tract give motor fibers ู„ู…ู†ุŸ
1184
+
1185
+ 297
1186
+ 00:27:31,700 --> 00:27:37,140
1187
+ ู„ู„ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ of the cranial nerves ู…ู† ู‡ู…ุง ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ
1188
+
1189
+ 298
1190
+ 00:27:37,140 --> 00:27:41,140
1191
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู€ trigeminal nerve ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู€
1192
+
1193
+ 299
1194
+ 00:27:41,140 --> 00:27:45,820
1195
+ dorsal nucleus ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ู€ facial nerve ุฃู…ุจูŠุบุงุณ
1196
+
1197
+ 300
1198
+ 00:27:45,820 --> 00:27:49,040
1199
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ glossopharyngeal ูˆ Vegas ูˆ
1200
+
1201
+ 301
1202
+ 00:27:49,040 --> 00:27:53,000
1203
+ cranial accessoryfrom both cerebral and cerebral
1204
+
1205
+ 302
1206
+ 00:27:53,000 --> 00:27:56,220
1207
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ right lateral ุจูŠุนุทูŠ right left right left
1208
+
1209
+ 303
1210
+ 00:27:56,220 --> 00:28:02,260
1211
+ ุทูŠุจ ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุงู†ู‡ ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ูƒู…ุงู† ventral nucleus of facial
1212
+
1213
+ 304
1214
+ 00:28:02,260 --> 00:28:07,300
1215
+ nerve ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ lower quadrant of the face
1216
+
1217
+ 305
1218
+ 00:28:08,160 --> 00:28:10,640
1219
+ ูˆุจูŠุนุชุจุฑู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ hypoglossal nucleus ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ู€
1220
+
1221
+ 306
1222
+ 00:28:10,640 --> 00:28:15,880
1223
+ hypoglossal nerve only from up this side ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„
1224
+
1225
+ 307
1226
+ 00:28:15,880 --> 00:28:19,740
1227
+ ventral nucleus ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ facial nerve ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„
1228
+
1229
+ 308
1230
+ 00:28:19,740 --> 00:28:24,810
1231
+ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู†ูˆุงู„ู€ hypoglossal nucleus ุจุชุงุนุช ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ
1232
+
1233
+ 309
1234
+ 00:28:24,810 --> 00:28:31,030
1235
+ ุนุดุฑ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุจุณ ุชุงุฎุฏ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ left lateral
1236
+
1237
+ 310
1238
+ 00:28:31,030 --> 00:28:34,490
1239
+ corticonuclear ุชุงุฎุฏุด ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ both cerebral ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1240
+
1241
+ 311
1242
+ 00:28:34,490 --> 00:28:37,970
1243
+ ู…ุตูŠุฑุŒ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ one sideุŒ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ one
1244
+
1245
+ 312
1246
+ 00:28:37,970 --> 00:28:38,610
1247
+ side
1248
+
1249
+ 313
1250
+ 00:28:42,830 --> 00:28:46,430
1251
+ ู‡ูŠูˆ ุงู„ pyramidal tract ุงู„ุขู† ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃุณู‡ู„ ู„ูƒู… ุงู„
1252
+
1253
+ 314
1254
+ 00:28:46,430 --> 00:28:53,150
1255
+ pyramidal tract is a bundle of motoneur fibers it
1256
+
1257
+ 315
1258
+ 00:28:53,150 --> 00:28:57,370
1259
+ begins in the cerebral cortex ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„
1260
+
1261
+ 316
1262
+ 00:28:57,370 --> 00:29:01,190
1263
+ cerebral cortex ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุณู…ูˆู‡ corticospinal
1264
+
1265
+ 317
1266
+ 00:29:01,190 --> 00:29:05,130
1267
+ corticobulbar ุงูˆ corticonuclear ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
1268
+
1269
+ 318
1270
+ 00:29:05,130 --> 00:29:09,810
1271
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ cortex ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ cortex ูˆุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠIt
1272
+
1273
+ 319
1274
+ 00:29:09,810 --> 00:29:19,370
1275
+ ends in anterior horn cells of spinal cord ูƒูˆุฑุชูŠูƒูˆ
1276
+
1277
+ 320
1278
+ 00:29:19,370 --> 00:29:22,730
1279
+ ุณุจุงูŠู†ุงู„ ุชุฑูƒุช
1280
+
1281
+ 321
1282
+ 00:29:25,430 --> 00:29:30,690
1283
+ ูˆุฎู„ุต ููŠ ุงู„ motor nuclei of the cranial nerves in
1284
+
1285
+ 322
1286
+ 00:29:30,690 --> 00:29:35,670
1287
+ the brainstem ุงุณู…ู‡ corticonuclear ุงูˆ corticobulbar
1288
+
1289
+ 323
1290
+ 00:29:35,670 --> 00:29:40,670
1291
+ retract ูŠุจู‚ู‰ cortico ุงูˆ ุงู„ุจุฑุงู…ุฌ ุงู„ retract ู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ูƒ
1292
+
1293
+ 324
1294
+ 00:29:40,670 --> 00:29:46,120
1295
+ ุงุณู…ูŠู†Corticospinal tract and Corticonuclear tract
1296
+
1297
+ 325
1298
+ 00:29:46,120 --> 00:29:51,340
1299
+ Corticospinal tract ุจู†ู‚ุณู… ู…ู† ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ุญุณุจ ูˆูŠู† ู…ุฑ ุฅู„ู‰
1300
+
1301
+ 326
1302
+ 00:29:51,340 --> 00:29:55,360
1303
+ lateral corticospinal tract ุจู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ lateral
1304
+
1305
+ 327
1306
+ 00:29:55,360 --> 00:29:59,500
1307
+ column of spinal cord and ventral ุงูˆ anterior
1308
+
1309
+ 328
1310
+ 00:29:59,500 --> 00:30:04,160
1311
+ corticospinal tract ุจู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ ventral column of
1312
+
1313
+ 329
1314
+ 00:30:04,160 --> 00:30:09,040
1315
+ spinal cord ุงู…ุง corticonuclear tract ุฑุงุญ ู†ู…ุฑ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ
1316
+
1317
+ 330
1318
+ 00:30:09,760 --> 00:30:16,020
1319
+ ู„ู„ุจุฑุงูŠู† ุงุณุชู…ุฑูˆุง ูˆูŠู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ู„ lateral and medial
1320
+
1321
+ 331
1322
+ 00:30:16,020 --> 00:30:22,620
1323
+ corticonuclear tract ุงู„ุงู† ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุดูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ upper
1324
+
1325
+ 332
1326
+ 00:30:22,620 --> 00:30:28,020
1327
+ motoneuron ุณู…ุนุช ููŠู‡ ุงู„ upper motoneuron system ุงู„
1328
+
1329
+ 333
1330
+ 00:30:28,020 --> 00:30:31,700
1331
+ upper motoneuron system ู‡ุฐุง ุงุญู†ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
1332
+
1333
+ 334
1334
+ 00:30:31,700 --> 00:30:34,380
1335
+ corticospinal tract ุงูˆ corticonuclear tract ูŠุนู†ูŠ
1336
+
1337
+ 335
1338
+ 00:30:34,380 --> 00:30:39,000
1339
+ ุงู„ corticospinal tractูˆ corticonuclear tract ุฅุฐุง
1340
+
1341
+ 336
1342
+ 00:30:39,000 --> 00:30:42,480
1343
+ ุญุฏุซ ููŠู‡ู… ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ upper motor neuron lesion
1344
+
1345
+ 337
1346
+ 00:30:42,480 --> 00:30:47,400
1347
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ damage of corticospinal tract or
1348
+
1349
+ 338
1350
+ 00:30:47,400 --> 00:30:52,940
1351
+ corticonuclear tract leads to upper motor neuron
1352
+
1353
+ 339
1354
+ 00:30:52,940 --> 00:30:56,980
1355
+ lesion ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠุนุฑูู†ุง ุงู„ damage ุฃูˆ ุฃูŠ ุชุบูŠุฑ ุฃูˆ ุฃูŠ ู…ุฑุถ
1356
+
1357
+ 340
1358
+ 00:30:56,980 --> 00:31:00,260
1359
+ ุจูŠุตูŠุจ ุงู„ corticospinal tract ุฃูˆ corticonuclear
1360
+
1361
+ 341
1362
+ 00:31:00,260 --> 00:31:07,530
1363
+ tract ูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ upper motor neuron lesionูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ูˆ
1364
+
1365
+ 342
1366
+ 00:31:07,530 --> 00:31:11,030
1367
+ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ super spinal lesion ุงูˆ ุงุฐุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
1368
+
1369
+ 343
1370
+ 00:31:11,030 --> 00:31:15,050
1371
+ corticonuclear tract super nuclear lesion ุงูŠุด ุงู„
1372
+
1373
+ 344
1374
+ 00:31:15,050 --> 00:31:18,030
1375
+ function ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุนุจุฑ ู…ูˆุชูˆ ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ุงู† ูƒุงู†
1376
+
1377
+ 345
1378
+ 00:31:18,030 --> 00:31:23,070
1379
+ corticospinal ุงูˆ corticonuclear ุงูˆู„ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู† ู‡ูŠ
1380
+
1381
+ 346
1382
+ 00:31:23,070 --> 00:31:27,170
1383
+ initiation and control of voluntary motor activity
1384
+
1385
+ 347
1386
+ 00:31:27,170 --> 00:31:36,820
1387
+ ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุงู†ู‡ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุงู†ู‡ ุญุฏุซ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ damage
1388
+
1389
+ 348
1390
+ 00:31:36,820 --> 00:31:41,540
1391
+ of corticospinal tract ุงูˆ corticonuclear tract
1392
+
1393
+ 349
1394
+ 00:31:41,540 --> 00:31:45,760
1395
+ ุจูŠุญุฏุซ paralysis ุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุงูŠุดุŸ paralysis ุงูˆ ุดู„ู„
1396
+
1397
+ 350
1398
+ 00:31:47,650 --> 00:31:51,590
1399
+ Inhibition of muscle tone Inhibition of muscle
1400
+
1401
+ 351
1402
+ 00:31:51,590 --> 00:31:55,030
1403
+ tone ู‡ูˆ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ูŠุนู…ู„ Inhibition ู„ู„ muscle tone ููŠ
1404
+
1405
+ 352
1406
+ 00:31:55,030 --> 00:31:58,770
1407
+ ุญุงู„ ุญุฏุซ damage ู„ู„ other motor neuron ุฑุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
1408
+
1409
+ 353
1410
+ 00:31:58,770 --> 00:32:03,990
1411
+ muscle hypertonia muscle hypertonia ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุจูŠุนู…ู„
1412
+
1413
+ 354
1414
+ 00:32:03,990 --> 00:32:07,710
1415
+ Inhibition ู„ู„ deep reflex ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงุญู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ู†ูุญุต
1416
+
1417
+ 355
1418
+ 00:32:07,710 --> 00:32:11,930
1419
+ reflex ู„ู…ุฑูŠุฏ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุงุดุฏ ุนูŠุฏูƒ ุงูˆ ุงู‚ุฏู…ู‡ ู„ู„ุนุดุฑุฉ ุนุดุงู†
1420
+
1421
+ 356
1422
+ 00:32:11,930 --> 00:32:14,150
1423
+ ุฃู„ู… ุงู„ cortex ุงู„ cortex ูŠุนู…ู„ Inhibition ู„ู„ reflex
1424
+
1425
+ 357
1426
+ 00:32:14,150 --> 00:32:18,630
1427
+ ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุญุฏุซุฃุจุฑู…ูˆุชูˆู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ู„ูŠุฌูŠู† ุฑุงุญ ูŠุชุญูˆู„
1428
+
1429
+ 358
1430
+ 00:32:18,630 --> 00:32:22,510
1431
+ ู„hyperreflexiaุŒ hyperreflexiaุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูŠ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ
1432
+
1433
+ 359
1434
+ 00:32:22,510 --> 00:32:26,550
1435
+ ุงู„ุฃุจุฑู…ูˆุชูˆู†ูŠุฑูˆู† initiation and control of voluntary
1436
+
1437
+ 360
1438
+ 00:32:26,550 --> 00:32:30,210
1439
+ motor activity ู‡ูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ุงุชู†ูŠู†ุŒ inhibition of
1440
+
1441
+ 361
1442
+ 00:32:30,210 --> 00:32:35,430
1443
+ muscle toneุŒ ุซู„ุงุซุฉุŒ inhibition of deep reflexes
1444
+
1445
+ 362
1446
+ 00:32:36,940 --> 00:32:42,420
1447
+ ู…ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ path way of the upper motor neurons
1448
+
1449
+ 363
1450
+ 00:32:42,420 --> 00:32:46,460
1451
+ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„ ุงูˆ ุงู„ corticospinal tract ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ
1452
+
1453
+ 364
1454
+ 00:32:46,460 --> 00:32:50,340
1455
+ ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุจูŠุช ุงู„ cells ู…ู† ุงู„ area ุฑู‚ู… ุฃุฑุจุน ู…ู† ุงู„
1456
+
1457
+ 365
1458
+ 00:32:50,340 --> 00:32:53,720
1459
+ upper two third of pre central gas ู„ูŠู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุงู† ุงู„
1460
+
1461
+ 366
1462
+ 00:32:53,720 --> 00:32:57,400
1463
+ upper two thirdุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ corticonuclear tract ู…ุชุฌู‡
1464
+
1465
+ 367
1466
+ 00:32:57,400 --> 00:33:02,640
1467
+ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ face ุฑุญ ูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ lower one third ุจุนุฏูƒ ุงู„
1468
+
1469
+ 368
1470
+ 00:33:02,640 --> 00:33:07,850
1471
+ fibers descent ููŠ ุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡ corona radiataุจู…ุฑู‡ ููŠ
1472
+
1473
+ 369
1474
+ 00:33:07,850 --> 00:33:13,190
1475
+ ุงู„ู€ posterior limb of internal capsule ุจุนุฏูƒ ููŠ ุงู„
1476
+
1477
+ 370
1478
+ 00:33:13,190 --> 00:33:19,550
1479
+ midbrain, palms, medulla oblongataุŒ ููŠ lower part
1480
+
1481
+ 371
1482
+ 00:33:19,550 --> 00:33:25,270
1483
+ of medulla oblongataุจูŠุญุฏุซ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ decassation ุงูˆ
1484
+
1485
+ 372
1486
+ 00:33:25,270 --> 00:33:28,390
1487
+ crossing ุงู„ู€ Corticospiral tract ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู†
1488
+
1489
+ 373
1490
+ 00:33:28,390 --> 00:33:32,210
1491
+ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุจูŠุชุฌู‡ ู„ู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ุจูŠุชุฌู‡
1492
+
1493
+ 374
1494
+ 00:33:32,210 --> 00:33:35,670
1495
+ ู„ู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุนู„ุดุงู† ุฃุณุฃู„ูƒ ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู†
1496
+
1497
+ 375
1498
+ 00:33:35,670 --> 00:33:39,230
1499
+ ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ hemoglobin ุจุชูƒูˆู†ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ opposite side ู„ูˆ
1500
+
1501
+ 376
1502
+ 00:33:39,230 --> 00:33:42,330
1503
+ ุญุฏุซ ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ hemoglobin ุจุชูƒูˆู†ุŸ
1504
+
1505
+ 377
1506
+ 00:33:42,330 --> 00:33:46,870
1507
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right side ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุจูŠุฑุงู…ุฏุงู„
1508
+
1509
+ 378
1510
+ 00:33:46,870 --> 00:33:50,390
1511
+ decassation ู†ุญุงูˆู„
1512
+
1513
+ 379
1514
+ 00:33:51,260 --> 00:34:05,480
1515
+ ู‡ุฑุณู…ู„ูƒู… ุฅูŠุงู‡ู… ู‡ู†ุง ู‚ุฏ ุงู„ุฅู…ูƒุงู† ู„ู…ุง
1516
+
1517
+ 380
1518
+ 00:34:05,480 --> 00:34:09,140
1519
+ ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุน ู…ูˆุชูˆุฑ ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุนู„ู‰ descending tract
1520
+
1521
+ 381
1522
+ 00:34:09,140 --> 00:34:12,320
1523
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ tract ุฑุงุญ ุฃุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ cortex ูˆ ุฃู†ุฒู„
1524
+
1525
+ 382
1526
+ 00:34:12,320 --> 00:34:12,880
1527
+ ู„ู„ู…ุตุฏุฑ
1528
+
1529
+ 383
1530
+ 00:34:31,900 --> 00:34:39,060
1531
+ ู‡ู†ุง area precentral
1532
+
1533
+ 384
1534
+ 00:34:39,060 --> 00:34:44,400
1535
+ gyrus
1536
+
1537
+ 385
1538
+ 00:34:44,400 --> 00:34:51,640
1539
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ area ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ููŠ ู‡ู†ุง
1540
+
1541
+ 386
1542
+ 00:34:56,400 --> 00:35:10,060
1543
+ Internal Capsule ุจุนุฏูŠู†
1544
+
1545
+ 387
1546
+ 00:35:10,060 --> 00:35:10,660
1547
+ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
1548
+
1549
+ 388
1550
+ 00:35:25,740 --> 00:35:30,240
1551
+ mid brain bones
1552
+
1553
+ 389
1554
+ 00:35:30,240 --> 00:35:33,260
1555
+ ู…ุฏู„ุฉ
1556
+
1557
+ 390
1558
+ 00:35:33,260 --> 00:35:53,840
1559
+ ุฃุจู„ุบุชู‡ุง ู†ุงุฎุฏ two segments of spinal cord ูˆ
1560
+
1561
+ 391
1562
+ 00:35:53,840 --> 00:35:54,300
1563
+ ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏ
1564
+
1565
+ 392
1566
+ 00:35:58,240 --> 00:36:03,920
1567
+ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ
1568
+
1569
+ 393
1570
+ 00:36:03,920 --> 00:36:07,380
1571
+ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ
1572
+
1573
+ 394
1574
+ 00:36:07,380 --> 00:36:12,380
1575
+ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ
1576
+
1577
+ 395
1578
+ 00:36:12,380 --> 00:36:16,900
1579
+ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ
1580
+
1581
+ 396
1582
+ 00:36:16,900 --> 00:36:16,920
1583
+ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ
1584
+
1585
+ 397
1586
+ 00:36:16,920 --> 00:36:16,920
1587
+ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ
1588
+
1589
+ 398
1590
+ 00:36:16,920 --> 00:36:16,920
1591
+ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ
1592
+
1593
+ 399
1594
+ 00:36:16,920 --> 00:36:21,920
1595
+ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตุฑ
1596
+
1597
+ 400
1598
+ 00:36:21,920 --> 00:36:27,540
1599
+ ู…ุตุฑ ู…ุตู‡ุฐุง segment of spinal cord ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„
1600
+
1601
+ 401
1602
+ 00:36:27,540 --> 00:36:33,520
1603
+ ู†ุงุฎุฏ c5 segment ู†ุงุฎุฏ ุงู„3 segment
1604
+
1605
+ 402
1606
+ 00:36:57,050 --> 00:37:05,330
1607
+ ุงู„ู€ Corticospinal tract ุฑุงุญ ูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
1608
+
1609
+ 403
1610
+ 00:37:05,330 --> 00:37:11,950
1611
+ pre-central area ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ upper ูˆ ุงู„ middle
1612
+
1613
+ 404
1614
+ 00:37:11,950 --> 00:37:20,710
1615
+ one third ุฑุงุญ ุงู„ fibers ุชู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ posterior limb
1616
+
1617
+ 405
1618
+ 00:37:20,710 --> 00:37:30,910
1619
+ of internal capsulemedibrain bones medulla
1620
+
1621
+ 406
1622
+ 00:37:30,910 --> 00:37:40,650
1623
+ oblongata ู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠุด ุงุณู…ู‡ ุงุณู…ู‡ cortico spinal
1624
+
1625
+ 407
1626
+ 00:37:40,650 --> 00:37:52,310
1627
+ tract ุชู…ุงู… ู‡ู†ุง internal capsule ู‡ุฐุง left internal
1628
+
1629
+ 408
1630
+ 00:37:52,310 --> 00:38:04,370
1631
+ capsulelift internal capsule lift
1632
+
1633
+ 409
1634
+ 00:38:04,370 --> 00:38:08,250
1635
+ internal
1636
+
1637
+ 410
1638
+ 00:38:08,250 --> 00:38:12,650
1639
+ capsule
1640
+
1641
+ 411
1642
+ 00:38:12,650 --> 00:38:20,850
1643
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ lower part of medulla oblongata ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1644
+
1645
+ 412
1646
+ 00:38:20,850 --> 00:38:26,410
1647
+ ู‡ูˆCorticospinal tract ุจูŠุนู…ู„ incomplete decassation
1648
+
1649
+ 413
1650
+ 00:38:26,410 --> 00:38:30,870
1651
+ ุงูˆ crossing ุจูŠุนู…ู„ incomplete decassation ุงู„ main
1652
+
1653
+ 414
1654
+ 00:38:30,870 --> 00:38:33,890
1655
+ fibers ุงูƒุชุฑ ู…ู† ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆ ุชู…ุงู†ูŠู† ุชุณุนูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ
1656
+
1657
+ 415
1658
+ 00:38:33,890 --> 00:38:39,610
1659
+ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง crossing ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ opposite side ุงู„ู†ุฑุณุงู†ุช ู…ูŠู†
1660
+
1661
+ 416
1662
+ 00:38:39,610 --> 00:38:45,570
1663
+ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ left? Corticospinal tract ูˆ ุจูŠุชุฌู‡ ู„ ุงู„ right
1664
+
1665
+ 417
1666
+ 00:38:45,570 --> 00:38:55,090
1667
+ side ูˆ ุจูŠููˆุช ู„ ููŠ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠlateral column ููŠ ุงู„
1668
+
1669
+ 418
1670
+ 00:38:55,090 --> 00:39:03,670
1671
+ lateral column of spinal cord ูˆุจุฏุฃ
1672
+
1673
+ 419
1674
+ 00:39:03,670 --> 00:39:11,170
1675
+ ู†ู†ุฒู„ ู…ุซู„ ุฎุท ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจุง ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ูˆูŠู† ุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠุŸ ุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ at
1676
+
1677
+ 420
1678
+ 00:39:11,170 --> 00:39:17,370
1679
+ the level of
1680
+
1681
+ 421
1682
+ 00:39:19,260 --> 00:39:29,060
1683
+ S2 ุณุงูƒุฑุงู„ ุชูˆ ุณุจุงูŠู†ุงู„ ูƒูˆุฑุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
1684
+
1685
+ 422
1686
+ 00:39:29,060 --> 00:39:33,640
1687
+ ุจู†ุชู‡ูŠ ูˆูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ level ุณุงูƒุฑุงู„ ุชูˆ S2 segment of spinal
1688
+
1689
+ 423
1690
+ 00:39:33,640 --> 00:39:37,900
1691
+ cord ู‡ุฐุง ุจุดุจู‡ ุฎุท ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ุงู„ู†ุงุฒู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌ
1692
+
1693
+ 424
1694
+ 00:39:37,900 --> 00:39:44,160
1695
+ ู†ุงุฒู„ ูˆ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ูŠุตู„ ุทุงุจู‚ ุงู„ุดุฌุฑุฉ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู‡ุง ุณู„ูƒ ุฎุท ู‡ุฐุง
1696
+
1697
+ 425
1698
+ 00:39:44,160 --> 00:39:52,070
1699
+ ุงูŠุด ุงุณู…ู‡ ุงู„ lift ุชุชุญูˆู„ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ุง right ููŠ ุงู„ spoiler
1700
+
1701
+ 426
1702
+ 00:39:52,070 --> 00:39:57,730
1703
+ code ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงุณู…ู‡ right cortico
1704
+
1705
+ 427
1706
+ 00:39:57,730 --> 00:40:09,550
1707
+ ุงูˆ ุงุณู…ู‡ ุตุญ ู‡ูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡
1708
+
1709
+ 428
1710
+ 00:40:09,550 --> 00:40:14,450
1711
+ ุตุญ right lateral
1712
+
1713
+ 429
1714
+ 00:40:16,840 --> 00:40:21,320
1715
+ Corticospinal tract Right Lateral Corticospinal
1716
+
1717
+ 430
1718
+ 00:40:21,320 --> 00:40:25,860
1719
+ tract ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฎุท ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ูŠุตู„ ุงู„ู€ Anterior Horn
1720
+
1721
+ 431
1722
+ 00:40:25,860 --> 00:40:32,360
1723
+ Cells ุจูŠุนุทูŠู‡ู… ุฅูŠุดุŸ Fibers ุจูŠุนุทูŠู‡ู… ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ Fibers ุนู„ู‰
1724
+
1725
+ 432
1726
+ 00:40:32,360 --> 00:40:36,340
1727
+ ูƒู„ segment ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ segment ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ุฏู…ุฌ ู„ู„
1728
+
1729
+ 433
1730
+ 00:40:36,340 --> 00:40:39,960
1731
+ Corticospinal tract ููŠ ุงู„ brain ุฃูˆ Spinal cord ู‡ุฐุง
1732
+
1733
+ 434
1734
+ 00:40:39,960 --> 00:40:44,040
1735
+ ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฅูŠุดุŸ Upper Motoneurone lesion Upper
1736
+
1737
+ 435
1738
+ 00:40:44,040 --> 00:40:51,860
1739
+ Motoneurone lesion2 ุงู„ุฌุฒุก
1740
+
1741
+ 436
1742
+ 00:40:51,860 --> 00:40:57,560
1743
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุงุนู…ุด costing ู‡ุฐุง
1744
+
1745
+ 437
1746
+ 00:40:57,560 --> 00:41:05,640
1747
+ ุจู†ุฒู„ ููŠ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ุจู†ุฒู„ ููŠ ุงู„ anterior
1748
+
1749
+ 438
1750
+ 00:41:05,640 --> 00:41:11,100
1751
+ column of spinal cord ูˆ ุจูƒู…ู„ ุทุฑูŠู‚ู‡ ูˆูŠู† ุจู†ุชู‡ูŠ
1752
+
1753
+ 439
1754
+ 00:41:19,510 --> 00:41:23,630
1755
+ ends at lower
1756
+
1757
+ 440
1758
+ 00:41:23,630 --> 00:41:30,590
1759
+ thoracic level ููŠ
1760
+
1761
+ 441
1762
+ 00:41:30,590 --> 00:41:34,010
1763
+ ู†ุงุณ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ middle thoracic level ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠู†
1764
+
1765
+ 442
1766
+ 00:41:34,010 --> 00:41:40,530
1767
+ ุตุญ middle ุงูˆ lower thoracic ู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ู„ุง
1768
+
1769
+ 443
1770
+ 00:41:40,530 --> 00:41:48,250
1771
+ ุงูŠุด ู„ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู†ุชู‡ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ุงูƒุชุฑ ู…ุด ุฑุงุญ ูŠุตู„ ุงู„ number
1772
+
1773
+ 444
1774
+ 00:41:51,940 --> 00:42:11,700
1775
+ ุนุดุงู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุตุญ ูˆูŠู†
1776
+
1777
+ 445
1778
+ 00:42:11,700 --> 00:42:14,980
1779
+ ุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ end at
1780
+
1781
+ 446
1782
+ 00:42:21,190 --> 00:42:26,490
1783
+ the lower thoracic
1784
+
1785
+ 447
1786
+ 00:42:26,490 --> 00:42:33,110
1787
+ level ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ .. ุฅูŠุด ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุŸ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ventral
1788
+
1789
+ 448
1790
+ 00:42:37,550 --> 00:42:42,630
1791
+ ูˆุงุถูŠูุชู‡ ุงูŠุด ูŠุง ุบุฏู‰ุŸ ูˆุงุถูŠูุชู‡ ู„ุบุฏู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ chest
1792
+
1793
+ 449
1794
+ 00:42:42,630 --> 00:42:46,790
1795
+ muscle ุงูˆ thoracic muscle ุงูˆ respiratory muscle
1796
+
1797
+ 450
1798
+ 00:42:46,790 --> 00:42:49,570
1799
+ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ
1800
+
1801
+ 451
1802
+ 00:42:49,570 --> 00:42:52,290
1803
+ ูˆุจูŠุนุทูŠ ุงู„ anterior horn cells ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ
1804
+
1805
+ 452
1806
+ 00:42:52,290 --> 00:42:56,990
1807
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ุงู„ both anterior horn cells for
1808
+
1809
+ 453
1810
+ 00:42:56,990 --> 00:43:03,820
1811
+ respiratory muscleุทูŠุจ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุงูŠุด Corticospinal
1812
+
1813
+ 454
1814
+ 00:43:03,820 --> 00:43:09,240
1815
+ tract ู‡ุงู† ู…ุฑุณูˆู…ูŠู† ููŠ slide ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ุงู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุงู†
1816
+
1817
+ 455
1818
+ 00:43:09,240 --> 00:43:14,400
1819
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ pyramidal decassation ู‡ุงุฏ ุงู„ pyramids ุจุชุญูˆู„ ู„
1820
+
1821
+ 456
1822
+ 00:43:14,400 --> 00:43:18,040
1823
+ decassation ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุญุฏุซ ู…ุน ุฌู„ุทุฉ ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ููŠ
1824
+
1825
+ 457
1826
+ 00:43:18,040 --> 00:43:20,580
1827
+ ุงู„ left cerebral hemisphere ูˆู„ูŠ ุงู„ hemiplegia
1828
+
1829
+ 458
1830
+ 00:43:20,580 --> 00:43:23,800
1831
+ ูŠุชูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right ุทูŠุจ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ spinal cord
1832
+
1833
+ 459
1834
+ 00:43:23,800 --> 00:43:28,300
1835
+ ู„ุฃุฎู„ุต ุงู„ crossing ุตุงุฑ ุฏู…ุฌ ููŠ ุงู„ spinal cordุŒ ุนู„ู‰
1836
+
1837
+ 460
1838
+ 00:43:28,300 --> 00:43:31,500
1839
+ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุจุฏูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ motorุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„
1840
+
1841
+ 461
1842
+ 00:43:31,500 --> 00:43:34,840
1843
+ crossing ุฎู„ุต ูˆูŠู† ุจุชุชู… ุงู„ crossingุŸ ุจุชุชู… ุงู„
1844
+
1845
+ 462
1846
+ 00:43:34,840 --> 00:43:41,440
1847
+ crossing ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ lower part
1848
+
1849
+ 463
1850
+ 00:43:41,440 --> 00:43:50,030
1851
+ of medulla oblongataุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณูู„ 80% ู„
1852
+
1853
+ 464
1854
+ 00:43:50,030 --> 00:43:57,710
1855
+ 85% ู…ู† ุงู„ููŠุจูŠุฑุฒ ูŠู‚ูˆู…ูˆู† ุจู€ crossings ูˆูŠุฑูˆุญูˆุง ุนู„ู‰
1856
+
1857
+ 465
1858
+ 00:43:57,710 --> 00:44:02,660
1859
+ ุงู„ู€ opposite side ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lateral columnูˆุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ
1860
+
1861
+ 466
1862
+ 00:44:02,660 --> 00:44:05,840
1863
+ ุจูŠุธู„ูˆุง .. ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… ุฅูŠุดุŸ indirect ู„ูŠุด ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู…
1864
+
1865
+ 467
1866
+ 00:44:05,840 --> 00:44:09,200
1867
+ indirectุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ู… ุนู…ู„ูˆุง crossing ูˆ ุงุชุฌู‡ูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
1868
+
1869
+ 468
1870
+ 00:44:09,200 --> 00:44:13,500
1871
+ opposite side ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… crossed corticospinal tract
1872
+
1873
+ 469
1874
+ 00:44:13,500 --> 00:44:18,300
1875
+ ูˆุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ูŠุฎู„ุตูˆุง ูƒู„ fibers ุงูˆ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ู†ุณู‰ ุงู„ segment
1876
+
1877
+ 470
1878
+ 00:44:18,300 --> 00:44:22,780
1879
+ ุจูŠุทู„ุนูˆุง fibers ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ anterior horn cells ูƒู„ ู…ุง
1880
+
1881
+ 471
1882
+ 00:44:22,780 --> 00:44:25,800
1883
+ ู†ุณู‰ ุงู„ segment ุจูŠุทู„ุนูˆุง fibers ู„ู„ anterior horn
1884
+
1885
+ 472
1886
+ 00:44:25,800 --> 00:44:30,620
1887
+ cells ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ 15 ู„ 20% ู…ู† ุงู„ fibers ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุถุงู„ู‡ู… ู‚ุฏุฑ
1888
+
1889
+ 473
1890
+ 00:44:31,510 --> 00:44:36,350
1891
+ ูˆู…ุงุนู…ู„ูˆุด crossing ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… direct anterior ุงูˆ
1892
+
1893
+ 474
1894
+ 00:44:36,350 --> 00:44:40,430
1895
+ ventral corticospinal tract ุจูŠุนุทูˆู†ุง fibers ู„ู„
1896
+
1897
+ 475
1898
+ 00:44:40,430 --> 00:44:44,430
1899
+ anterior home cells ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ segment ุจุณ ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„
1900
+
1901
+ 476
1902
+ 00:44:44,430 --> 00:44:49,790
1903
+ both cerebral hemisphere ูˆูŠู† ุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูˆุงุŸ ุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูˆุง ููŠ
1904
+
1905
+ 477
1906
+ 00:44:49,790 --> 00:44:53,450
1907
+ ุงู„ mid thoracic ู…ู…ูƒู† ููŠ ู…ุฑุงุฌุน ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„
1908
+
1909
+ 478
1910
+ 00:44:53,450 --> 00:44:56,290
1911
+ lower thoracic ุงุนุชุจุฑู‡ู… mid thoracic ุนุดุงู† ู…ุง
1912
+
1913
+ 479
1914
+ 00:44:56,290 --> 00:44:59,490
1915
+ ุชุชุฎุฑุจุทูˆุด ู†ุนุชู…ุฏู‡ู… mid thoracic ููŠ ู…ุฑุงุฌุน ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง
1916
+
1917
+ 480
1918
+ 00:44:59,490 --> 00:45:06,100
1919
+ lower thoracicmade thoracic ู†ุนุชู…ุฏู‡ู… ู„ู„ูƒู„ level
1920
+
1921
+ 481
1922
+ 00:45:06,100 --> 00:45:11,540
1923
+ ุงู„ุขู† ุฃู†ุง ุจูƒุชูุฑ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก
1924
+
1925
+ 482
1926
+ 00:45:11,540 --> 00:45:17,800
1927
+ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฑุงุญ ุฃูƒู…ู„ู‡ ููŠ ุฌุฒุก ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณุจูˆุน
1928
+
1929
+ 483
1930
+ 00:45:17,800 --> 00:45:19,500
1931
+ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุนุดุงู† ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุงู„ุนุงููŠุฉ
1932
+
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/Tc4x5qe2wTI.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,934 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:04,930 --> 00:00:09,230
3
+ ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ู†ูƒู…ู„ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:09,230 --> 00:00:12,750
7
+ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ Anatomy and Physiology of
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:12,750 --> 00:00:16,470
11
+ Cerebral Hemisphere ุดุฑุญุช ู„ูƒู… ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:16,470 --> 00:00:19,990
15
+ Frontal Lobe ูˆ Parietal Lobe ุงู„ุขู† ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:19,990 --> 00:00:24,770
19
+ Important Sulci of Temporal Lobe ููŠ ุงู„ Temporal
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:24,770 --> 00:00:35,200
23
+ Lobe ููŠ Two Sulci ููŠ ู‡ู†ุง Superior ู‡ุฐุง Lateral ูˆู‡ู†ุง
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:35,200 --> 00:00:41,700
27
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Central Sulcus ุงู„ุขู† ุฑุงุญ ุฃุชูƒู„ู‘ู… ุนู„ู‰
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:41,700 --> 00:00:46,940
31
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Temporal Lobe ุณู‡ู„ุฉ Temporal Lobe ููŠู‡ุง
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:46,940 --> 00:00:53,780
35
+ Superior Temporal Sulcus ุชุญุช ุงู„ Lateral ููŠ ุดู‡ุฑ
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:53,780 --> 00:01:00,780
39
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ Inferior Temporal Sulcus ู‡ุฐูˆู„
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:01:00,780 --> 00:01:08,580
43
+ ุจูŠู‚ุณู…ูˆู†ุง Temporal Lobe ู„ู€ Superior Temporal Gyrus ูˆ
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:01:08,580 --> 00:01:13,320
47
+ Inferior Temporal Gyrus ูˆ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… Middle Temporal
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:13,320 --> 00:01:17,060
51
+ Gyrus ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชู‚ุณูŠู…ุฉ ุงู„ู€ Temporal Lobe Superior
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:17,060 --> 00:01:21,360
55
+ Temporal Gyrus Middle Temporal Gyrus Inferior
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:21,360 --> 00:01:26,840
59
+ Temporal Gyrus ู‡ูŠ ูˆุงุถุญูŠู† Superior Temporal Gyrus
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:26,840 --> 00:01:32,880
63
+ ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ Lateral Fissure ูˆ Superior Temporal
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:32,880 --> 00:01:36,820
67
+ Sulcus ุงู„ู€ Middle Temporal Gyrus ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุจูŠู† ุงู„
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:36,820 --> 00:01:42,320
71
+ Superior ูˆ Inferior Temporal Sulci ูˆ ุงู„ Inferior
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:42,320 --> 00:01:46,960
75
+ Temporal Gyrus ุชุฌูŠ ุชุญุช ุฃูˆ Below the Inferior
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:46,960 --> 00:02:01,580
79
+ Temporal Sulcus Okay ูู†ุชู‚ู„
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:02:03,560 --> 00:02:08,360
83
+ Important Functional Area of the Temporal Lobe ููŠ
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:02:08,360 --> 00:02:13,780
87
+ Area 41 42 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ Primary Auditory Area For
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:02:13,780 --> 00:02:19,220
91
+ Hearing ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ Function of the
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:19,220 --> 00:02:23,680
95
+ Hearing ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ Superior Temporal Gyrus ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:23,680 --> 00:02:27,560
99
+ Auditory Sensory Area Auditory Sensory Area
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:27,560 --> 00:02:35,880
103
+ Sensory Speech Area ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง Wernicke's Area
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:35,880 --> 00:02:43,060
107
+ 22 ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ Superior Temporal Lobe ููŠ ุงู„ Dominant
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:43,060 --> 00:02:47,820
111
+ Hemisphere ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง Auditory Association Area
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:47,820 --> 00:02:51,060
115
+ Recognition and Recall of Sound ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุณุฃู„ูƒ ุณุคุงู„
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:51,060 --> 00:03:00,230
119
+ ูƒูŠู ุญุงู„ูƒุŸ ุฃู†ุช ูู‡ู…ุช ุณู…ุนุช ุจุงู„ Area 41 42 ุงู„ Area 41 42
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:03:00,230 --> 00:03:07,390
123
+ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ Area 22 22 ุญู„ู„ ุฅูŠุด ุณู…ุน ู‚ูˆู„ุชู„ู‡ ูƒูŠู
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:03:07,390 --> 00:03:12,210
127
+ ุญุงู„ูƒ ูู‡ู… ุฃู†ู‡ ุฃู†ุง ุณุฃู„ุชู‡ ูƒูŠู ุญุงู„ูƒ ุญู„ู„ู‡ุง ูˆุจูŠุนุทูŠ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:03:12,210 --> 00:03:18,070
131
+ ู…ู† 22 ู„ู€ Area 44 ู„ู€ ุฅูŠู‡ ู„ู†ุทู‚ ูˆ ุจูŠุชูƒู„ู… ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ุญู…ุฏ
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:03:18,070 --> 00:03:22,360
135
+ ู„ู„ู‡ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง Auditory Association Area
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:22,360 --> 00:03:28,000
139
+ Recognition and Recall of Sound ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ููŠู‡ุง ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:28,000 --> 00:03:34,620
143
+ ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง ุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡ Sensory Aphasia ุฃูˆ Wernicke's Aphasia
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:34,620 --> 00:03:39,220
147
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒูŠู ุจู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ุจุญุท ุฅูŠุฏู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุดูุชูŠ ุนุดุงู† ู…ุง ูŠูู‡ู…ุด
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:39,220 --> 00:03:43,620
151
+ ุจุงู„ุดูุงู ุจู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุดูุงู ุจู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ูƒูŠู ุญุงู„ูƒ ุจู‚ูˆู„ ุงุณู… ู…ุญู…ุฏ
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:43,620 --> 00:03:48,530
155
+ ูˆูŠู† ุณุงูƒู† ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ุญู…ุฏ ู„ู„ู‡ ุฃู†ุง ุจุณุฃู„ู‡ ุดูŠุก ูˆ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุฌุงูˆุจ
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:48,530 --> 00:03:53,070
159
+ ุดูŠุก ุซุงู†ูŠ ู„ุฅู† ู‡ูˆ ู…ุง ูู‡ู… ุณู…ุน ู„ูƒู† ู…ุง ูู‡ู… ุฅูŠุด ุฃู†ุง ุณุฃู„ุชู‡
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:53,070 --> 00:03:57,670
163
+ ููŠ Limbic System ุขุฎุฑ ุดูŠุก ุงู„ุขู†ู‚ุต ูˆ ุงู„Hippocampus
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:57,670 --> 00:04:00,350
167
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ Temporal Lobe ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ Smell
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:04:00,350 --> 00:04:05,350
171
+ Function ูˆ ุจุงู„ู€ Memory ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Mood ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฒุงุฌ ูˆ ุงู„ุฐุงูƒุฑุฉ
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:04:05,350 --> 00:04:12,990
175
+ ูˆุญุงุณุฉ ุงู„ุดู… ู‡ูŠ Area 41 42 ุฃูˆ 42 ุฃูˆ 22 ูŠูƒูˆู† ุชุญุชู‡ุง
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:04:14,420 --> 00:04:19,300
179
+ ุงู„ุขู† ุจู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ู€ Occipital Lobe ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:04:19,300 --> 00:04:24,000
183
+ ุงู„ู€ Vision ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง Cortical Center for Vision ุงู„
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:24,000 --> 00:04:27,100
187
+ Temporal Lobe ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ Smell Function ูˆ ุจุงู„
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:27,100 --> 00:04:30,540
191
+ Hearing ุงู„ Occipital Lobe ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ Vision
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:30,540 --> 00:04:37,060
195
+ ููŠู‡ุง Superior Occipital Gyrus ูˆ ููŠู‡ุง Inferior
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:37,060 --> 00:04:43,300
199
+ Occipital Gyrus ุทูŠุจ ููŠ ุงู„ Medial ููŠ ุงู„ Medial Surface
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:43,300 --> 00:04:46,560
203
+ ููŠ Parietal Occipital Sulcus ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ูˆุงุถุญ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:46,560 --> 00:04:51,660
207
+ Lateral ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ูˆุงุถุญ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ Medial ูˆููŠู‡ุง Sulcus ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ุง
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:04:51,660 --> 00:04:59,780
211
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ Lateral Sulcus ู‡ุงูŠู‡ Lateral Sulcus ุฃู†ุง ู…ุด
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:04:59,780 --> 00:05:04,840
215
+ ู…ุนู„ู‚ ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ Slide ูˆููŠู‡ ู„ูˆู† Sulci
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:05:06,250 --> 00:05:09,330
219
+ ุทุจุนุง ููŠ ุงู„ Medial Surface ููŠ ุดูŠุก ุงุณู…ู‡ Calcarine
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:05:09,330 --> 00:05:13,050
223
+ Sulcus ุงู„ Transverse ุฃูˆ ุงู„ Lateral Sulcus ุจู‚ุณู…
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:05:13,050 --> 00:05:17,150
227
+ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ Occipital Lobe ู„ู€ Superior Occipital Gyrus
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:05:17,150 --> 00:05:22,710
231
+ ูˆ Inferior Occipital Gyrus ุญุฏ ุชู‚ุณู…ุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:22,710 --> 00:05:24,290
235
+ Occipital Lobe
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:30,680 --> 00:05:37,140
239
+ ู‡ูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ Parietal Occipital Sulcus ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:37,140 --> 00:05:42,240
243
+ ุงู„ Medial Surface of Cerebral Hemisphere ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:42,240 --> 00:05:47,640
247
+ Calcarine Sulcus ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ูƒู…ุงู† ูˆุงุถุญ ููŠ ุงู„ Medial
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:47,640 --> 00:05:50,480
251
+ Surface of Cerebral Hemisphere
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:05:54,610 --> 00:05:59,270
255
+ ู„ู…ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู‘ู… ุนู† ุงู„ Important Functional Area of
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:05:59,270 --> 00:06:04,090
259
+ Occipital Lobe ู†ุชูƒู„ู‘ู… ุนู„ู‰ Area 17 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุชุนุชุจุฑ ุงู„
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:06:04,090 --> 00:06:07,570
263
+ Primary Visual Sensory Area ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ Posterior
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:06:07,570 --> 00:06:11,250
267
+ Medial Part of Occipital Lobe ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Calcarine
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:06:11,250 --> 00:06:14,750
271
+ Sulcus ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง Visual Sensory Area
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:14,750 --> 00:06:19,550
275
+ Perception of Visual Impulses ู„ูˆ ุฃุญุฏ ุฃุชุถุฑุฑ ููŠู‡ุง
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:19,550 --> 00:06:27,040
279
+ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูŠ.. ู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุงู„ู€ Visual Agnosia
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:27,040 --> 00:06:32,600
283
+ ู…ุง ูŠุนุฑูุด ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑ ุจู…ุง ูŠุฎุตู‡ุง ุฃูˆ
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:32,600 --> 00:06:36,400
287
+ Contralateral
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:06:36,400 --> 00:06:39,700
291
+ Hemianopia
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:06:39,700 --> 00:06:44,820
295
+ ูŠูู‚ุฏ ู…ุฌุงู„ ุงู„ุฅุจุตุงุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ Opposite Side ููŠ ุงู„ Both
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:06:44,820 --> 00:06:51,730
299
+ Eyes Secondary ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ Psychic Area ุงู„ู€ ุงู„
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:06:51,730 --> 00:06:55,470
303
+ Secondary Psychic Area ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ุง Area 18 19
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:06:55,470 --> 00:06:58,970
307
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ 18 19 ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ููŠู‡ุง Damage
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:07:00,120 --> 00:07:04,280
311
+ ุจุชุนู…ู„ ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ Visual Agnosia ูˆ Area 17 ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ููŠู‡ุง
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:07:04,280 --> 00:07:08,540
315
+ Damage ุจุชุนู…ู„ ู„ู†ุง Contralateral Hemianopia 18-19
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:07:08,540 --> 00:07:12,320
319
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุฃู…ุงู… ุงู„ู€ 17 ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูˆ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง Visual
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:12,320 --> 00:07:17,360
323
+ Association Area Recognition and Recall of Image
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:17,360 --> 00:07:23,540
327
+ ู‡ูŠ 17 ูˆ ุฃู…ุงู…ู‡ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† 18 ูˆ 19 ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃู†ุง
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:07:23,540 --> 00:07:29,060
331
+ ุดุฑุญุช ู„ูƒู… ุงู„ู€ Frontal, Parietal, Temporal ูˆ Occipital
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:07:29,060 --> 00:07:33,020
335
+ Lobe of Cerebral Hemisphere ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ูƒุชุจ ุจูŠุญุทูˆุง
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:07:33,020 --> 00:07:36,620
339
+ Lobe ุฎุงู…ุณ ุงุณู…ู‡ Insula ูˆ ุฃุญูŠุงู†ู‹ุง ุจูŠุดุฑุญูˆู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ูˆุญุฏู‡ุง
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:07:36,620 --> 00:07:41,590
343
+ Insula ุงู„ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุฏุงุฎู„ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูˆุฃู†
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:07:41,590 --> 00:07:43,430
347
+ ุงู„ู€ Lateral Fissure ู„ูˆ ูุชุญู†ุง ุงู„ู€ Lateral Fissure
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:07:43,430 --> 00:07:47,250
351
+ ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡ุง ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ู€ Lateral Fissure ู„ุจูŠูˆู„ ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ู„ุจูŠูˆู„
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:07:47,250 --> 00:07:50,670
355
+ ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ู‡ูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ Cerebral
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:07:50,670 --> 00:07:56,830
359
+ Cortex ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ Bottom of Lateral Sulcus ุฏุงุฎู„
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:07:56,830 --> 00:08:02,490
363
+ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู€ Lateral Sulcus ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† Two Long Gyri
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:08:02,490 --> 00:08:08,070
367
+ Behind ุฎู„ููŠุฉ ูˆ Three ู„ู€ Four Short Gyri ููŠ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู…
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:08:08,760 --> 00:08:12,560
371
+ ุงู„ู€ Function ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณู„ุง ู‡ูŠ Cortical Taste
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:08:12,560 --> 00:08:16,760
375
+ Center and Some Visceral Activity ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ููŠ
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:08:16,760 --> 00:08:20,700
379
+ Regulation of Saliva ู„ุฅู† ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„ Regulation
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:08:20,700 --> 00:08:24,500
383
+ ู„ู„ู€ Parasympathetic Nuclei in the Brainstem ูˆ
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:08:24,500 --> 00:08:28,720
387
+ ุงู„ุชุฐูˆู‚ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ุชุฐูˆู‚ ุงู„ู€ Taste Sensation ู‡ูŠ ุชุนุชุจุฑ
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:08:28,720 --> 00:08:32,980
391
+ ู…ุฑูƒุฒ ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ุชุฐูˆู‚ ู„ุฅู† ู‡ูŠ ุชุนุชุจุฑ A Cortical Center
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:08:32,980 --> 00:08:39,270
395
+ For Taste Sensation ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูˆุงุถุญุฉ
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:08:39,270 --> 00:08:44,530
399
+ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุจูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูˆุจูŠูˆู„ ุตุบูŠุฑ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ุชุนุชุจุฑ
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:08:44,530 --> 00:08:56,490
403
+ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ู€ Lateral Fissure ุงู„ู„ูŠ
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:08:56,490 --> 00:09:01,600
407
+ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ Internal Structure of ุงู„ู€ Cerebrum ุจุชูƒูˆู†
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:09:01,600 --> 00:09:07,380
411
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Gray Matter ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† More Outer ูˆู‡ู…ุง ุนุจุงุฑุฉ
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:09:07,380 --> 00:09:12,540
415
+ ุนู† Cells Neuron ูˆ Neuroglial ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุงู„ White
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:09:12,540 --> 00:09:17,450
419
+ Matter ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† Fibers ุฑุงุญ ุฃุชูƒู„ู‘ู… ุนู†ู‡ู… ูˆ Basal
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:09:17,450 --> 00:09:20,650
423
+ Nuclei ุฑุงุญ ู†ุงุฎุฐู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:09:20,650 --> 00:09:26,370
427
+ ุงู„ู€ Basal Nuclei ู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ู… Corpus Striatum ุจูŠูˆุชุงู…ูŠู†
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:09:26,370 --> 00:09:31,450
431
+ Globus Pallidus ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Lateral Ventricle ุงู„
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:09:31,450 --> 00:09:35,150
435
+ Lateral Ventricle ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† Cavity of Cerebral
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:09:35,150 --> 00:09:38,810
439
+ Hemisphere ุฅู†ู‡ุง Right and Left Lateral Ventricles
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:09:38,810 --> 00:09:43,320
443
+ Two Lateral Ventricles ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุชุดูˆููŠู† ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:09:43,320 --> 00:09:47,860
447
+ Gray Matter ุจุชูƒูˆู† More Outer ุงู„ู‚ุดุฑุฉ ุชุจุน ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ููŠ
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:09:47,860 --> 00:09:51,060
451
+ ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€ Inner ุงู„ู€ White Matter ููŠ Basal
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:09:51,060 --> 00:09:55,280
455
+ Nuclei ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† Gray Matter ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:09:55,280 --> 00:09:59,820
459
+ ุชุญุช ุงู„ู€ Cerebral Hemisphere ุงู„ู€ Diencephalon ููŠู‡ ุงู„
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:09:59,820 --> 00:10:03,180
463
+ Cavity of Cerebral Hemisphere ุจูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง Left ูˆ
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:10:03,180 --> 00:10:10,040
467
+ Right Lateral Ventricles ุจุชูƒู„ู‘ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ White Matter
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:10:10,040 --> 00:10:14,240
471
+ of Cerebrum ุงู„ู€ White Matter of Cerebrum ู‡ู… ุนุจุงุฑุฉ
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:10:14,240 --> 00:10:17,640
475
+ ุนู† Myelinated Fibers Myelinated Fibers ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ู…
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:10:17,640 --> 00:10:21,540
479
+ White ู„ูŠุด ุณู…ูˆู‡ู… WhiteุŸ ู„ูŠุด ู‡ู… ุจูŠุถุŸ ู„ุฃู† ููŠ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู‡ู…
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:10:21,540 --> 00:10:25,480
483
+ ุบู„ุงู ุงุณู…ู‡ Myelin ุงู„ู€ Myelin ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุบู„ุงู ู„ูˆู†ู‡ ุฃุจูŠุถ
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:10:25,480 --> 00:10:29,200
487
+ ุณู…ูˆู‡ู… ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ Myelin ุทุจ ู„ูŠุด ุงู„ู€ Gray Matter ุณู…ูˆู‡ุง
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:10:29,200 --> 00:10:33,380
491
+ GrayุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง Unmyelinated ุฃูˆ Non Myelinated ู…ุงููŠู‡ุง
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:10:33,380 --> 00:10:38,200
495
+ ุบู„ุงู ุฃุจูŠุถ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Myelin ุจุชู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:10:38,200 --> 00:10:44,370
499
+ White Matter Projection Fibers ูˆ Association Fibers
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:10:44,370 --> 00:10:50,110
503
+ ูˆ Commissural Fibers ุงู„ู€ Projection Fibers ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู…
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:10:50,110 --> 00:10:53,030
507
+ ูŠุฑุจุทูˆุง ุงู„ู€ Cerebrum ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Brain Stem Spinal Cord
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:10:53,030 --> 00:10:56,950
511
+ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุนูƒุณ ุตุญูŠุญ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ูˆุง Sensory Fibers ู…ู† Spinal
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:10:56,950 --> 00:11:01,050
515
+ Cord ู„ู€ Cerebrum ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ Projection Fibers
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:11:01,050 --> 00:11:05,650
519
+ ู…ุซู„ Ascending ูˆ Ascending Tracts Association
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:11:05,650 --> 00:11:10,650
523
+ Fibers ู‡ุฐูŠ ุจุชุฑุจุท Different Area in Same Cerebral
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:11:10,650 --> 00:11:13,850
527
+ Hemisphere ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Frontal ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Parietal ุงู„
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:11:13,850 --> 00:11:15,930
531
+ Parietal ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Temporal ุงู„ู€ Frontal ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Temporal
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:11:15,930 --> 00:11:20,170
535
+ ุงู„ู€ Gyri ุงู„ู€ Superior Temporal ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Inferior
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:11:20,170 --> 00:11:22,350
539
+ Temporal ุงู„ู€ Superior Temporal ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Middle
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:11:22,350 --> 00:11:26,590
543
+ Temporal ู„ูƒู† ุฃู‡ู… ุดูŠุก ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู€ Cerebral Hemisphere
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:11:26,590 --> 00:11:30,110
547
+ ู‡ุฐูŠ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ Association Fibers ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฅู†ู‡ู… ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู…
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:11:30,110 --> 00:11:34,350
551
+ Connect Different Area of the Same Cerebral
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:11:34,350 --> 00:11:39,250
555
+ Hemisphere Commissural Fibers Connect Similar Area
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:11:39,250 --> 00:11:42,430
559
+ of Both Cerebral Hemispheres ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ Frontal
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:11:42,430 --> 00:11:46,870
563
+ Lobe Right ู…ุน Frontal Lobe Left Right ู…ุน Right
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:11:46,870 --> 00:11:49,690
567
+ Left, Occipital Right ู…ุน Occipital Left ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:11:49,690 --> 00:11:52,750
571
+ Connection ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ Right ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Left ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:11:52,750 --> 00:11:54,070
575
+ Commissural Fibers
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:11:58,810 --> 00:12:02,150
579
+ ุชุญุช ู„ููˆู‚ ุฃูˆ ู…ู† ููˆู‚ ู„ุชุญุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุนุชุจุฑ Projection
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:12:02,150 --> 00:12:07,350
583
+ Fibers ุฅู…ุง Descending Tract ูˆุฅู…ุง Ascending Tract
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:12:07,350 --> 00:12:12,350
587
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ Lateral Spinothalamic Tract ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:12:12,350 --> 00:12:16,390
591
+ Ascending Sensory It is a Projection Fibers ุฃูˆ
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:12:17,550 --> 00:12:20,970
595
+ Corticospinal Tract ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ Descending Motor ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:12:20,970 --> 00:12:24,290
599
+ Projection Fibers ุชู…ุงู… ุทุจ ุงู„ู€ Right ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Left ุฃูˆ
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:12:24,290 --> 00:12:26,910
603
+ ุงู„ู€ Left ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Right ู‡ุฐูŠ Commissural Fibers ู…ุซู„
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:12:26,910 --> 00:12:30,930
607
+ Corpus Callosum ุทุจ Different Area ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู€ Cerebral
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:12:30,930 --> 00:12:37,210
611
+ Hemisphere ู‡ุฐูŠ Association Fibers ู†ุชูƒู„ู‘ู… ูƒู„ู…ุชูŠู† ุนู„ู‰
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:12:37,210 --> 00:12:42,070
615
+ Projection Fibers ุฃู†ุง ุดุฑุญุชู‡ู… ู‡ู… ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† Afferent
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:12:42,070 --> 00:12:45,410
619
+ and Efferent Fibers ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† Ascending and
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:12:45,410 --> 00:12:51,260
623
+ Descending Tracks ุฃูˆ Afferent Fibers ุฃูˆ Tracks ุฃูˆ
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:12:51,260 --> 00:12:57,840
627
+ Motor and Sensory Tracks of the Cerebral Cortex
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:12:57,840 --> 00:13:02,140
631
+ Which Connect the Cerebral Cortex with the Lower
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:13:02,140 --> 00:13:05,580
635
+ Part of Brain and Spinal Cord ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุนูƒุณ ุตุญูŠุญ
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:13:05,580 --> 00:13:10,400
639
+ Connect Lower Part ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Brainstem ูˆ Spinal Cord
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:13:10,400 --> 00:13:13,320
643
+ With Cerebral Hemisphere ุฅุฐุง ุจุชุญุฏุซ ุนู† ุฅูŠู‡
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:13:13,320 --> 00:13:16,480
647
+ Ascending Tracks ู…ู† ู‚ุณู… ุฅู„ู‰ ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู€ Projection
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:13:16,480 --> 00:13:20,340
651
+ Fibers Ascending ุฃูˆ Afferent ุฃูˆ Sensory Tracks
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:13:20,340 --> 00:13:24,960
655
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุจูŠุฑุจุทูˆุง Spinal Cord ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Cortex ุฃูˆ
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:13:24,960 --> 00:13:29,580
659
+ Thalamus ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ Sensory Tracks ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุนูƒุณ Descending
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:13:29,580 --> 00:13:33,480
663
+ Tracks ุฃูˆ Motor ุจูŠุฑุจุทูˆุง ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู€ Cortex ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Lower
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:13:33,480 --> 00:13:37,260
667
+ Centers Cortex ู…ุน Brainstem Cortex ู…ุน Spinal Cord
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:13:39,210 --> 00:13:45,730
671
+ Association Fibers Fibers ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุจุท ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:13:45,730 --> 00:13:49,390
675
+ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุงู„ูƒูˆุฑุชูƒุงู„ูŠุฉ ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู‡ูŠู…ุณููŠุฑ ุงู„ุณุฑุงุจุฑุงู„
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:13:49,390 --> 00:13:52,730
679
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุจุทูˆุง ุงู„ู€ Left Frontal ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Left Parietal
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:13:52,730 --> 00:13:55,530
683
+ Left Parietal ู…ุน Left Occipital ุฃูˆ Left Occipital-Temporal
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:13:55,530 --> 00:14:01,190
687
+ ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ููŠ Short Association Fibers ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:14:01,190 --> 00:14:06,710
691
+ Connection Between Adjacent Gyri With One Another
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:14:06,710 --> 00:14:11,260
695
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠุงุฎุฐูˆุง Superior Temporal ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Middle
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:14:11,260 --> 00:14:14,240
699
+ Temporal ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุชุฌุฑุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ุณุงูุฉ ุฌุฑูŠุจุฉ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:14:14,240 --> 00:14:18,240
703
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ Short Fibers ุชุจู‚ู‰ ุฏู‡ ุจูŠุฑุจุทู‡ู… Different Lobes
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:14:18,240 --> 00:14:23,480
707
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู†ู‚ูˆู„ Superior Temporal ู…ุน Middle ุฃูˆ ู…ุน
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:14:23,480 --> 00:14:27,300
711
+ Inferior Frontal Different Lobes ุงู„ Fibers ู‡ุชูƒูˆู†
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:14:27,300 --> 00:14:31,640
715
+ ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง Long Association Fibers Connect
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:14:31,640 --> 00:14:36,270
719
+ Different Lobes ู„ูƒู† ุดุฑุท ุซุงู†ูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ Of the
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:14:36,270 --> 00:14:38,730
723
+ Same Cerebral Hemisphere ู…ู† ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู€ Cerebral
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:14:38,730 --> 00:14:42,290
727
+ Hemisphere ุงู„ู€ Commissural Fibers ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:14:42,290 --> 00:14:47,030
731
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชูƒู„ู…ุช ุนู†ู‡ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† Bands of White Matter ุฃูˆ
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:14:47,030 --> 00:14:51,050
735
+ Nerve Fibers Connecting and Coordinating of
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:14:51,050 --> 00:14:54,970
739
+ Activities of the Right and Left Cerebral
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:14:54,970 --> 00:15:00,790
743
+ Hemisphere Connect Same Area ู„ูƒู† in Both Cerebral
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:15:00,790 --> 00:15:05
747
+
748
+ 201
749
+ 00:16:08,680 --> 00:16:10,500
750
+ ุงู„ู€ course ุฑุงุญ ุชุณู…ุนูˆุง ููŠู‡ุง ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุงู„ู€ internal
751
+
752
+ 202
753
+ 00:16:10,500 --> 00:16:14,120
754
+ capsule ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆู† ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ white matter ูˆ
755
+
756
+ 203
757
+ 00:16:14,120 --> 00:16:18,520
758
+ thick lamina made up of projection fibers ุจูŠู…ุฑูˆุง
759
+
760
+ 204
761
+ 00:16:18,520 --> 00:16:21,900
762
+ ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ projection ุงูŠู‡ุŸ fibers ascending ูˆ
763
+
764
+ 205
765
+ 00:16:21,900 --> 00:16:26,680
766
+ descending tracts which pass to and from cerebral
767
+
768
+ 206
769
+ 00:16:26,680 --> 00:16:32,000
770
+ hemisphere ุฅุฐุง sensory to cerebral hemisphere ุฅุฐุง
771
+
772
+ 207
773
+ 00:16:32,000 --> 00:16:37,100
774
+ motor from cerebral hemisphere okay it is
775
+
776
+ 208
777
+ 00:16:37,100 --> 00:16:40,620
778
+ continuous superiorly with corona radiata ู…ู† ุฃุนู„ู‰
779
+
780
+ 209
781
+ 00:16:40,620 --> 00:16:42,720
782
+ ุจูŠุญุฏุฏ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง corona radiata ููŠ ุงู„ white matter
783
+
784
+ 210
785
+ 00:16:43,470 --> 00:16:49,950
786
+ and inferiorly ุชุญุช ู…ุน ุงู„ cerebral peduncles ุจุชุงุนุฉ
787
+
788
+ 211
789
+ 00:16:49,950 --> 00:16:52,810
790
+ ุงู„ middle brain ุจุณู…ูŠู‡ู… peduncles of middle brain
791
+
792
+ 212
793
+ 00:16:52,810 --> 00:16:56,630
794
+ ุฃูˆ cerebral peduncles ู„ู‡ุง ุซู„ุงุซ ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„
795
+
796
+ 213
797
+ 00:16:56,630 --> 00:17:01,110
798
+ internal capsule anterior limb short ูˆ posterior
799
+
800
+ 214
801
+ 00:17:01,110 --> 00:17:05,670
802
+ limb long ูˆ ุงู„ูƒูˆุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต ุงุณู…ู‡ genu ุฃูˆ apex
803
+
804
+ 215
805
+ 00:17:05,670 --> 00:17:09,970
806
+ ู‡ูŠุง
807
+
808
+ 216
809
+ 00:17:09,970 --> 00:17:22,620
810
+ ู†ุดูˆูู‡ุง ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ internal capsule ุงู„ู„ูŠ
811
+
812
+ 217
813
+ 00:17:22,620 --> 00:17:26,880
814
+ ู‡ูŠ ุฌุฒุก ุฃู…ุงู…ูŠ short ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุฌุฒุก ุฎู„ููŠ long ูŠุจู‚ู‰
815
+
816
+ 218
817
+ 00:17:26,880 --> 00:17:33,180
818
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ anterior limb ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ posterior limb ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ genu
819
+
820
+ 219
821
+ 00:17:33,180 --> 00:17:38,060
822
+ ุฃูˆ apex ุงู„ูƒูˆุน ุจุชุงุนู‡ุง ุทุจ ู…ุงุญุฏุด ูŠุณุฃู„ ู„ูŠุด ุณู…ูˆู‡ุง
823
+
824
+ 220
825
+ 00:17:38,060 --> 00:17:43,970
826
+ internal capsule ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง located internal ู„ู€
827
+
828
+ 221
829
+ 00:17:43,970 --> 00:17:49,210
830
+ Lentiform Nucleus ุงู„ู€ Lentiform Nucleus ุงู„ู€
831
+
832
+ 222
833
+ 00:17:49,210 --> 00:17:54,290
834
+ Lentiform Nucleus ุงู„ู€ Lentiform Nucleus ุงู„ู€
835
+
836
+ 223
837
+ 00:17:54,290 --> 00:17:58,650
838
+ Lentiform
839
+
840
+ 224
841
+ 00:17:58,650 --> 00:18:00,570
842
+ Nucleus
843
+
844
+ 225
845
+ 00:18:02,540 --> 00:18:06,240
846
+ internal ู„ู„ู€ Lentiform Nucleus ู„ู„ู€ Lentiform Nucleus
847
+
848
+ 226
849
+ 00:18:06,240 --> 00:18:08,820
850
+ ู„ู„ู€ Lentiform Nucleus ู„ู„ู€ Lentiform Nucleus ู„ู„ู€ Lentiform
851
+
852
+ 227
853
+ 00:18:08,820 --> 00:18:11,660
854
+ Nucleus ู„ู„ู€ Lentiform Nucleus ู„ู„ู€ Lentiform Nucleus
855
+
856
+ 228
857
+ 00:18:11,660 --> 00:18:12,940
858
+ ู„ู„ู€ Lentiform Nucleus ู„ู„ู€ Lentiform Nucleus ู„ู„ู€ Lentiform
859
+
860
+ 229
861
+ 00:18:12,940 --> 00:18:15,060
862
+ Nucleus ู„ู„ู€ Lentiform Nucleus ู„ู„ู€ Lentiform Nucleus
863
+
864
+ 230
865
+ 00:18:15,060 --> 00:18:19,860
866
+ ู„ู„ู€ Lentiform Nucleus ู„ู„ู€ Lentiform Nucleus ู„ู„ู€ Lentiform
867
+
868
+ 231
869
+ 00:18:19,860 --> 00:18:23,300
870
+ Nucleus
871
+
872
+ 232
873
+ 00:18:23,300 --> 00:18:28,840
874
+ ู„ู„ู€ Lentiform Nucleus ู„ู„ู€ Lentiform Nucleus ู„ู„ู€ Lentiform Nucleus ู„ู„ู€
875
+
876
+ 233
877
+ 00:18:28,840 --> 00:18:28,920
878
+ Lentiform
879
+
880
+ 234
881
+ 00:18:32,970 --> 00:18:36,690
882
+ ุงู„ู€ External Capsule ุณู…ูˆู‡ุง External Capsule ุนุดุงู†ู‡ุง
883
+
884
+ 235
885
+ 00:18:36,690 --> 00:18:40,990
886
+ located external ู„ู„ู€ Lentiform Nucleus ุฃูˆ
887
+
888
+ 236
889
+ 00:18:40,990 --> 00:18:44,270
890
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง lateral ู„ู„ู€ Lentiform Nucleus ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€
891
+
892
+ 237
893
+ 00:18:44,270 --> 00:18:47,390
894
+ External Capsule ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† Thin Layer of White
895
+
896
+ 238
897
+ 00:18:47,390 --> 00:18:50,710
898
+ Matter which covers the lateral surface of
899
+
900
+ 239
901
+ 00:18:50,710 --> 00:18:54,310
902
+ Lentiform Nucleus and separating the Lentiform
903
+
904
+ 240
905
+ 00:18:54,310 --> 00:18:58,410
906
+ Nucleus from the Claustrum ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุชู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„
907
+
908
+ 241
909
+ 00:18:58,410 --> 00:19:03,390
910
+ External Capsule ุจุชูŠุฌูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ lateral surface of
911
+
912
+ 242
913
+ 00:19:03,390 --> 00:19:06,530
914
+ lentiform nucleus ูˆุจุชูุตู„ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ lentiform
915
+
916
+ 243
917
+ 00:19:06,530 --> 00:19:10,670
918
+ nucleus ุนู† ุงู„ claustrum ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„
919
+
920
+ 244
921
+ 00:19:10,670 --> 00:19:14,310
922
+ ุจุฒุงุฒ ุงู„ู†ูˆูˆูŠุฉ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุงุฎุฏู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ
923
+
924
+ 245
925
+ 00:19:14,310 --> 00:19:17,950
926
+ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจูŠุฒุงุฒ ุงู„ู†ูˆูˆูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฃู†ุง
927
+
928
+ 246
929
+ 00:19:17,950 --> 00:19:23,270
930
+ ุจูƒูˆู† ุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒู… ุงู„ cerebral hemisphere ูƒู„ู‡ ูˆ ุงู„ white
931
+
932
+ 247
933
+ 00:19:23,270 --> 00:19:27,030
934
+ matter ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุงู„ู ุนุงููŠุฉ ูˆ ุฏู…ุชู… ุจุงู„ู
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@@ -0,0 +1,988 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:04,930 --> 00:00:09,230
3
+ ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆ ุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆ ุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ู†ูƒู…ู„ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:09,230 --> 00:00:12,750
7
+ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ anatomy and physiology of
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:12,750 --> 00:00:16,470
11
+ cerebral hemisphere ุดุฑุญุช ู„ูƒู… ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:16,470 --> 00:00:19,990
15
+ frontal loop ูˆ parietal loop ุงู„ุขู† ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:19,990 --> 00:00:24,770
19
+ important salsa of temporal loop ููŠ ุงู„ temporal
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:24,770 --> 00:00:35,200
23
+ loop ููŠ two salsa ููŠ ู‡ู†ุง superior ู‡ุฐุง lateralูˆู‡ู†ุง
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:35,200 --> 00:00:41,700
27
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ central sulcus ุงู„ุงู† ุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:41,700 --> 00:00:46,940
31
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ temporal loop ุณู‡ู„ุฉ temporal loop ููŠู‡ุง
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:46,940 --> 00:00:53,780
35
+ superior temporal sulcus ุชุญุช ุงู„ lateral ููŠ ุดู‡ุฑ
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:53,780 --> 00:01:00,780
39
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ inferior temporal sulcus ู‡ุฐูˆู„
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:01:00,780 --> 00:01:08,580
43
+ ุจูŠู‚ุณู…ูˆู†ุง temporal loopู„ู€ Superior Temporal Gyrus ูˆ
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:01:08,580 --> 00:01:13,320
47
+ Inferior Temporal Gyrus ูˆ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… Middle Temporal
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:13,320 --> 00:01:17,060
51
+ Gyrus ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชู‚ุณูŠู…ุฉ ุงู„ู€ Temporal Loop Superior
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:17,060 --> 00:01:21,360
55
+ Temporal Gyrus Middle Temporal Gyrus Inferior
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:21,360 --> 00:01:26,840
59
+ Temporal Gyrus ู‡ูŠ ูˆุงุถุญูŠู† Superior Temporal Gyrus
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:26,840 --> 00:01:32,880
63
+ ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ Lateral Fissure ูˆ Superiortemporal
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:32,880 --> 00:01:36,820
67
+ sulcus ุงู„ู€ middle temporal gyrus ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุจูŠู† ุงู„
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:36,820 --> 00:01:42,320
71
+ superior ูˆ inferior temporal sulci ูˆ ุงู„ inferior
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:42,320 --> 00:01:46,960
75
+ temporal gyrus ุชุฌูŠ ุชุญุช ุฃูˆ below the inferior
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:46,960 --> 00:02:01,580
79
+ temporal sulcus okay ูู†ุชู‚ู„
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:02:03,560 --> 00:02:08,360
83
+ important functional area of the temporal loop ููŠ
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:02:08,360 --> 00:02:13,780
87
+ area 4142 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ primary auditory area for
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:02:13,780 --> 00:02:19,220
91
+ hearing ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ function of the
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:19,220 --> 00:02:23,680
95
+ hearing ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ superior temporal gyrus ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:23,680 --> 00:02:27,560
99
+ auditory sensory area auditory sensory area
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:27,560 --> 00:02:35,880
103
+ sensory speech areaุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง Vernix Center Area
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:35,880 --> 00:02:43,060
107
+ 22 ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ superior temporal loop ููŠ ุงู„ dominant
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:43,060 --> 00:02:47,820
111
+ hemisphere ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง auditory association area
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:47,820 --> 00:02:51,060
115
+ recognition and recall of sound ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุณุฃู„ูƒ ุณุคุงู„
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:51,060 --> 00:03:00,230
119
+ ูƒูŠู ุญุงู„ูƒุŸุงู†ุช ูู‡ู…ุช ุณู…ุนุช ุจุงู„ area 4142 ุงู„ area 4142
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:03:00,230 --> 00:03:07,390
123
+ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ area 22 22 ุญู„ู„ ุงูŠุด ุณู…ุน ู‚ูˆู„ุชู„ู‡ ูƒูŠู
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:03:07,390 --> 00:03:12,210
127
+ ุญุงู„ูƒ ูู‡ู… ุงู†ู‡ ุงู†ุง ุณุฃู„ุชู‡ ูƒูŠู ุญุงู„ูƒ ุญู„ู„ู‡ุง ูˆุจูŠุนุทูŠ ุงุดุงุฑุฉ
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:03:12,210 --> 00:03:18,070
131
+ ู…ู† 22 ู„ area 44 ู„ ุงูŠู‡ ู„ู†ุทู‚ ูˆ ุจูŠุชูƒู„ู… ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ุญู…ุฏ
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:03:18,070 --> 00:03:22,360
135
+ ู„ู„ู‡ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ูˆุธูุชู‡ุง auditory association area
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:22,360 --> 00:03:28,000
139
+ recognition and recall of sound ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ููŠู‡ุง ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:28,000 --> 00:03:34,620
143
+ ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง ุดูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ sensory aphasia ุงูˆ vernix aphasia
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:34,620 --> 00:03:39,220
147
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒูŠู ุจู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ุจุญุท ุงูŠุฏู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุดูุชูŠ ุนุดุงู† ู…ุงูŠูู‡ู…ุงุด
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:39,220 --> 00:03:43,620
151
+ ุจุงู„ุดูุงู ุจู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุดูุงู ุจู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ูƒูŠู ุญุงู„ูƒ ุจู‚ูˆู„ ุงุณู… ู…ุญู…ุฏ
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:43,620 --> 00:03:48,530
155
+ ูˆูŠู† ุณุงูƒู†ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ุญู…ุฏ ู„ู„ู‡ ุฃู†ุง ุจุณุฃู„ู‡ ุดูŠุก ูˆ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุฌุงูˆุจ
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:48,530 --> 00:03:53,070
159
+ ุดูŠุก ุซุงู†ูŠ ู„ุฅู† ู‡ูˆ ู…ุงูู‡ู… ุณู…ุน ู„ูƒู† ู…ุงูู‡ู… ุฅูŠุด ุฃู†ุง ุณุฃู„ุชู‡
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:53,070 --> 00:03:57,670
163
+ ููŠ limbic system ุฃุฎุฑ ุดูŠุก ุงู„ุงู†ู‚ุต ูˆ ุงู„hypocampus
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:57,670 --> 00:04:00,350
167
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ timbral loop ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ smell
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:04:00,350 --> 00:04:05,350
171
+ function ูˆ ุจุงู„ memory ูˆ ุงู„ mood ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฒุงุฌ ูˆ ุงู„ุฐุงูƒุฑุฉ
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:04:05,350 --> 00:04:12,990
175
+ ูˆ ุญุงุณุฉ ุงู„ุดู…ุณ ู‡ูŠ area 41 42 ุฃูˆ 42 ุฃูˆ 22 ูŠูƒูˆู† ุชุญุชู‡ุง
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:04:14,420 --> 00:04:19,300
179
+ ุงู„ุงู† ุจู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ู€ occipital loop ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:04:19,300 --> 00:04:24,000
183
+ ุงู„ vision ู…ูˆุธูุชู‡ุง cortical center for vision ุงู„
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:24,000 --> 00:04:27,100
187
+ timbral loop ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ุณู…ูŠู„ ูุงู†ูƒุดู† ูˆ ุจุงู„
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:27,100 --> 00:04:30,540
191
+ hearing ุงู„ occipital loop ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ vision
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:30,540 --> 00:04:37,060
195
+ ููŠู‡ุง superior occipital gyrus ูˆ ููŠู‡ุง inferior
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:37,060 --> 00:04:43,300
199
+ occipital gyrus ุทูŠุจ ููŠ ุงู„ mediaููŠ ุงู„ media service
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:43,300 --> 00:04:46,560
203
+ ููŠ ุจุฑุงูŠุชูˆ ุงูƒุณูŠุจุชุงู„ ุณุงู„ูƒุณ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ุด ูˆุงุถุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:46,560 --> 00:04:51,660
207
+ lateral ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ูˆุงุถุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ media ูˆููŠู‡ุง ุณู„ุณู„ุฉ ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ุง
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:04:51,660 --> 00:04:59,780
211
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ lateral salkas ู‡ุงูŠู‡ lateral salkas ุงู†ุง ู…ุด
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:04:59,780 --> 00:05:04,840
215
+ ู…ุนู„ู‚ ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ slide ูˆููŠู‡ ู„ูˆู†ุงุช salkas
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:05:06,250 --> 00:05:09,330
219
+ ุทุจุนุง ููŠ ุงู„ media service ููŠ ุดูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ calcarin
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:05:09,330 --> 00:05:13,050
223
+ sulcus ุงู„ transverse ุงูˆ ุงู„ lateral sulcus ุจู‚ุณู…
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:05:13,050 --> 00:05:17,150
227
+ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ occipital loop ู„ superior occipital gyrus
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:05:17,150 --> 00:05:22,710
231
+ ูˆ inferior occipital gyrus ุญุฏ ุชู‚ุณู…ุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:22,710 --> 00:05:24,290
235
+ occipital loop
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:30,680 --> 00:05:37,140
239
+ ู‡ูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ ุนู†ุฏู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ุจุฑุงูŠุชูˆ ุฃูƒุณูŠุจุชุงู„ ุณุงู„ูƒุงุณ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:37,140 --> 00:05:42,240
243
+ ุงู„ medial service of cerebral hemisphere ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:42,240 --> 00:05:47,640
247
+ Calcarine Salcus ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ูƒู…ุงู† ูˆุงุถุญ ููŠ ุงู„ media
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:47,640 --> 00:05:50,480
251
+ service of cerebral hemisphere
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:05:54,610 --> 00:05:59,270
255
+ ู„ู…ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ important functional area of
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:05:59,270 --> 00:06:04,090
259
+ occipital lobe ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ area 17 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุชุนุชุจุฑ ุงู„
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:06:04,090 --> 00:06:07,570
263
+ primary visual sensory area ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ posterior
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:06:07,570 --> 00:06:11,250
267
+ medial part of occipital lobe ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงู„ูƒู„ูƒุฑูŠู†
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:06:11,250 --> 00:06:14,750
271
+ ุงู„ุณู„ูƒุณ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง visual sensory area
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:14,750 --> 00:06:19,550
275
+ perception of visual impulses ู„ูˆ ุญุฏ ุงุชุฐู…ุฌ ููŠู‡ุง
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:19,550 --> 00:06:27,040
279
+ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูŠ ..ู„ุงุฌู‡ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุงู„ู‡ูˆ visual agnosia
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:27,040 --> 00:06:32,600
283
+ ู…ุง ุจุนุฑูุด ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑ ุจู…ุง ูŠุฒู‡ุงุด ุฃูˆ
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:32,600 --> 00:06:36,400
287
+ Contralateral
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:06:36,400 --> 00:06:39,700
291
+ Hemianopia
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:06:39,700 --> 00:06:44,820
295
+ ูŠูู‚ุฏ ู…ุฌุงู„ ุงู„ุฅุจุตุงุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ opposite side ููŠ ุงู„ both
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:06:44,820 --> 00:06:51,730
299
+ eyessecondary ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ psychic area ุงู„ .. ุงู„
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:06:51,730 --> 00:06:55,470
303
+ secondary ุจ psychic area ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ุง area ุชู…ุงู†ุชุงุด
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:06:55,470 --> 00:06:58,970
307
+ ุชุณุนุชุงุด ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชู…ุงู†ุชุงุด ุชุณุนุชุงุด ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ููŠู‡ุง damage
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:07:00,120 --> 00:07:04,280
311
+ ุจุชุนู…ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู‡ูˆ visual agnosia ูˆ area 17 ู„ูˆ ุญุฏุซ ููŠู‡ุง
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:07:04,280 --> 00:07:08,540
315
+ damage ุจุชุนู…ู„ู†ุง contralateral hemianopia 18-19
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:07:08,540 --> 00:07:12,320
319
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุฃู…ุงู… ุงู„ 17 ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูˆ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง visual
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:12,320 --> 00:07:17,360
323
+ association area recognition and recall of image
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:17,360 --> 00:07:23,540
327
+ ู‡ูŠ 17ูˆ ุฃู…ุงู…ู‡ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุชู…ุงู†ุชุงุด ูˆ ุชุณุนุชุงุด ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู†ุง
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:07:23,540 --> 00:07:29,060
331
+ ุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒู… ุงู„ frontal, parietal, temporal ูˆ occipital
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:07:29,060 --> 00:07:33,020
335
+ loop of cerebral hemisphere ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ูƒุชุจ ุจูŠุญุทูˆุง
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:07:33,020 --> 00:07:36,620
339
+ loop ุฎุงู…ุณ ุงุณู…ู‡ insula ูˆ ุฃุญูŠุงู†ุง ุจูŠุดุฑุญูˆู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ูˆุญุฏู‡ุง
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:07:36,620 --> 00:07:41,590
343
+ insulaุงู„ุงู†ุณูˆู„ุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุฏุงุฎู„ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูˆุงู†
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:07:41,590 --> 00:07:43,430
347
+ ุงู„ lateral fissure ู„ูˆ ูุชุญู†ุง ุงู„ lateral fissure
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:07:43,430 --> 00:07:47,250
351
+ ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡ุง ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ lateral fissure ู„ุจูŠูˆู„ ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ู„ุจูŠูˆู„
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:07:47,250 --> 00:07:50,670
355
+ ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ู‡ูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ุงู†ุณูˆู„ุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ cerebral
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:07:50,670 --> 00:07:56,830
359
+ cortex ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ bottom of lateral sulcus ุฏุงุฎู„
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:07:56,830 --> 00:08:02,490
363
+ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ lateral sulcus ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† two long ุบูŠุฑุงูŠ
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:08:02,490 --> 00:08:08,070
367
+ behind ุฎู„ููŠุงุช ูˆ three ู„ four short ุบูŠุฑุงูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู…
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:08:08,760 --> 00:08:12,560
371
+ ุงู„ู€ function ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณู„ุง ู‡ูŠ cortical taste
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:08:12,560 --> 00:08:16,760
375
+ center and some visceral activity ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ููŠ
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:08:16,760 --> 00:08:20,700
379
+ regulation of saliva ู„ุฅู† ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„ regulation
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:08:20,700 --> 00:08:24,500
383
+ ู„ู„ุจุงุฑุง sympathetic nuclei in the brainstem ูˆ
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:08:24,500 --> 00:08:28,720
387
+ ุงู„ุชุฐูˆู‚ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ุชุฐูˆู‚ ุงู„ taste sensation ู‡ูŠ ุชุนุชุจุฑ
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:08:28,720 --> 00:08:32,980
391
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒ ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ุชุฐูˆู‚ ู„ุฅู† ู‡ูŠ ุชุนุชุจุฑ a cortical center
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:08:32,980 --> 00:08:39,270
395
+ for taste sensationู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุงู†ุณูˆู„ุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูˆุงุถุญุฉ
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:08:39,270 --> 00:08:44,530
399
+ ุงู„ุงู†ุณูˆู„ุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุจูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูˆุจูŠูˆู„ ุตุบูŠุฑ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ุชุนุชุจุฑ
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:08:44,530 --> 00:08:56,490
403
+ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ุงู†ุณูˆู„ุฉ ุจุชูƒ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝู† ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ lateral fissure ุงู„ู„ูŠ
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:08:56,490 --> 00:09:01,600
407
+ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ internal structure ofุงู„ุณูŠุฑูŠุจุฑุงู… ุจุชูƒูˆู†
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:09:01,600 --> 00:09:07,380
411
+ ู…ู† ุงู„ grey matter ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† more outer ูˆู‡ู…ุง ุนุจุงุฑุฉ
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:09:07,380 --> 00:09:12,540
415
+ ุนู† cells ู†ูŠุฑูˆู† ูˆ ู†ูŠุฑูˆุบู„ูŠุงู„ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุงู„ white
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:09:12,540 --> 00:09:17,450
419
+ matter ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† fibersุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ู… ูˆ Basal
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:09:17,450 --> 00:09:20,650
423
+ nuclei ุฑุงุญ ู†ุงุฎุฏู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:09:20,650 --> 00:09:26,370
427
+ ุงู„ Basal nuclei ู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ู… Corpus striatum ุจูŠูˆุชุงู…ูŠู†
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:09:26,370 --> 00:09:31,450
431
+ Globus pallidus ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ูˆ ุงู„ lateral ventricle ุงู„
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:09:31,450 --> 00:09:35,150
435
+ lateral ventricle ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† cavity of cerebral
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:09:35,150 --> 00:09:38,810
439
+ hemisphere ุงู†ู‡ุง right and left lateral ventricles
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:09:38,810 --> 00:09:43,320
443
+ two lateral ventricles ุฒู‰ ู…ุง ุชุดูˆููŠู† ู‡ู†ุงุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:09:43,320 --> 00:09:47,860
447
+ gray matter ุจุชูƒูˆู† more outer ุงู„ู‚ุดุฑุฉ ุชุจุน ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ููŠ
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:09:47,860 --> 00:09:51,060
451
+ ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ inner ุงู„ white matter ููŠ ุจูŠุฒู„
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:09:51,060 --> 00:09:55,280
455
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† gray matter ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:09:55,280 --> 00:09:59,820
459
+ ุชุญุช ุงู„ cerebral hemisphere ุงู„ diencephalon ููŠู‡ ุงู„
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:09:59,820 --> 00:10:03,180
463
+ cavity of cerebral hemisphere ุจูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง left ูˆ
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:10:03,180 --> 00:10:10,040
467
+ right lateral ventricles ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ white matter
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:10:10,040 --> 00:10:14,240
471
+ of cerebrumุงู„ู€ white matter of cerebrum ู‡ู… ุนุจุงุฑุฉ
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:10:14,240 --> 00:10:17,640
475
+ ุนู† myelinated fibers myelinated fibers ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ู…
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:10:17,640 --> 00:10:21,540
479
+ white ู„ูŠุด ุณู…ูˆู‡ู… whiteุŸ ู„ูŠุด ู‡ู… ุจูŠุถุŸ ู„ุฃู† ููŠ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู‡ู…
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:10:21,540 --> 00:10:25,480
483
+ ุบู„ุงู ุงุณู…ู‡ myelin ุงู„ myelin ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุบู„ุงู ู„ูˆู†ู‡ ุฃุจูŠุถ
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:10:25,480 --> 00:10:29,200
487
+ ุณู…ูˆู‡ู… ุงูŠู‡ุŸ myelin ุทุจ ู„ูŠุด ุงู„ grey matter ุณู…ูˆู‡ุง
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:10:29,200 --> 00:10:33,380
491
+ greyุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง unmyelinated ุฃูˆ non myelinated ู…ุงููŠู‡ุง
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:10:33,380 --> 00:10:38,200
495
+ ุบู„ุงู ุฃุจูŠุถ ู…ู† ุงู„ myelin ุจุชู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ุซู„ุงุซ ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:10:38,200 --> 00:10:44,370
499
+ white matter projection fibersูˆ Association Fibers
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:10:44,370 --> 00:10:50,110
503
+ ูˆCommissarial Fibers ุงู„ู€ Projection Fibers ูˆุธูุชู‡ู…
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:10:50,110 --> 00:10:53,030
507
+ ูŠุฑุจุทูˆุง ุงู„ู€ Cerebrum ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Brain Stem Spinal Cord
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:10:53,030 --> 00:10:56,950
511
+ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุนูƒุณ ุตุญูŠุญ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ูˆุง Sensory Fibers ู…ู† Spinal
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:10:56,950 --> 00:11:01,050
515
+ Cord ู„Cerebrum ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ Projection Fibers
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:11:01,050 --> 00:11:05,650
519
+ ู…ุซู„ Ascending and Ascending Tractsassociation
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:11:05,650 --> 00:11:10,650
523
+ fibers ู‡ุฐูŠ ุจุชุฑุจุท different area in same cerebral
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:11:10,650 --> 00:11:13,850
527
+ hemisphere ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ frontal ู…ุน ุงู„ parietal ุงู„
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:11:13,850 --> 00:11:15,930
531
+ parietal ู…ุน ุงู„ temporal ุงู„ frontal ู…ุน ุงู„ temporal
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:11:15,930 --> 00:11:20,170
535
+ ุงู„ุฌูŠุฑุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ superior temporal ู…ุน ุงู„ inferior
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:11:20,170 --> 00:11:22,350
539
+ temporal ุงู„ superior temporal ู…ุน ุงู„ middle
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:11:22,350 --> 00:11:26,590
543
+ temporal ู„ูƒู† ุฃู‡ู… ุดูŠุก ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ cerebral hemisphere
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:11:26,590 --> 00:11:30,110
547
+ ู‡ุฐูŠ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ association fibersูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู†ู‡ู… ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ู…
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:11:30,110 --> 00:11:34,350
551
+ connect different area of the same cerebral
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:11:34,350 --> 00:11:39,250
555
+ hemisphere commissural fibers connect similar area
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:11:39,250 --> 00:11:42,430
559
+ of both cerebral hemispheres ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ frontal
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:11:42,430 --> 00:11:46,870
563
+ loop right ู…ุน frontal loop left right ู…ุน right
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:11:46,870 --> 00:11:49,690
567
+ left, occipital right ู…ุน occipital left ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:11:49,690 --> 00:11:52,750
571
+ connection ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ุจูŠู† ุงู„ right ูˆ ุงู„ left ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:11:52,750 --> 00:11:54,070
575
+ commissural fibers
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:11:58,810 --> 00:12:02,150
579
+ ุชุญุช ู„ููˆู‚ ุฃูˆ ู…ู† ููˆู‚ ู„ุชุญุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุนุชุจุฑ projection
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:12:02,150 --> 00:12:07,350
583
+ fibers ุฅู…ุง descending tract ูˆุฅู…ุง ascending tract
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:12:07,350 --> 00:12:12,350
587
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ lateral spinothalamic tract ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:12:12,350 --> 00:12:16,390
591
+ ascending sensory it is a projection fibers ุฃูˆ
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:12:17,550 --> 00:12:20,970
595
+ Corticospinal tract ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ Descending motor ูŠุนุชุจุฑ
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:12:20,970 --> 00:12:24,290
599
+ projection fibers ุชู…ุงู… ุทุจ ุงู„ right ู…ุน ุงู„ left ุฃูˆ
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:12:24,290 --> 00:12:26,910
603
+ ุงู„ left ู…ุน ุงู„ right ู‡ุฐูŠ commissural fibers ู…ุซู„
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:12:26,910 --> 00:12:30,930
607
+ ูƒูˆุฑุจูˆุณ ูƒู„ูˆุฒูˆู… ุทุจ different area ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ cerebral
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:12:30,930 --> 00:12:37,210
611
+ hemisphere ู‡ุฐูŠ association fibers ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ูƒู„ู…ุชูŠู† ุนู„ู‰
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:12:37,210 --> 00:12:42,070
615
+ projection fibers ุฃู†ุง ุดุฑุญุชู‡ู… ู‡ู… ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† afferent
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:12:42,070 --> 00:12:45,410
619
+ and efferent fibers ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ascending and
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:12:45,410 --> 00:12:51,260
623
+ descending tracksุฃูˆ afferent fibers ุฃูˆ tracks ุฃูˆ
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:12:51,260 --> 00:12:57,840
627
+ motor and sensory tracks of the cerebral cortex
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:12:57,840 --> 00:13:02,140
631
+ which connect the cerebral cortex with the lower
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:13:02,140 --> 00:13:05,580
635
+ part of brain and spinal cord ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุนูƒุณ ุตุญูŠุญ
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:13:05,580 --> 00:13:10,400
639
+ connectLower part ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ brainstem ูˆ spinal cord
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:13:10,400 --> 00:13:13,320
643
+ with cerebral hemisphere ุฅุฐุง ุจุชุญุฏุซ ุนู† ุฅูŠู‡
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:13:13,320 --> 00:13:16,480
647
+ ascending tracks ู…ู† ู‚ุณู… ุฅู„ู‰ ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ุงู„ projection
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:13:16,480 --> 00:13:20,340
651
+ fibers ascending ุฃูˆ afferent ุฃูˆ sensory tracks
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:13:20,340 --> 00:13:24,960
655
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุจูŠุฑุจุทูˆุง spinal cord ู…ุน ุงู„ cortex ุฃูˆ
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:13:24,960 --> 00:13:29,580
659
+ thalamus ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ sensory tracks ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุนูƒุณ descending
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:13:29,580 --> 00:13:33,480
663
+ tracks ุฃูˆ motor ุจูŠุฑุจุทูˆุง ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ cortex ู…ุน ุงู„ lower
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:13:33,480 --> 00:13:37,260
667
+ centers cortex ู…ุน brainstem cortex ู…ุน spinal cord
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:13:39,210 --> 00:13:45,730
671
+ Association Fibers Fibers ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠุฑุชุจุท ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:13:45,730 --> 00:13:49,390
675
+ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุงู„ูƒูˆุฑุชูƒุงู„ูŠุฉ ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู‡ูŠู…ุณููŠุฑ ุงู„ุณุฑุงุจุฑุงู„
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:13:49,390 --> 00:13:52,730
679
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุจุทูˆุง ุงู„ left frontal ู…ุน ุงู„ left parietal
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:13:52,730 --> 00:13:55,530
683
+ left parietal ู…ุน left occipital ุฃูˆ left octemporal
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:13:55,530 --> 00:14:01,190
687
+ ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ููŠ short Association Fibers ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:14:01,190 --> 00:14:06,710
691
+ connection between adjacent gyri with one another
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:14:06,710 --> 00:14:11,260
695
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุงSuperior temporal ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ middle
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:14:11,260 --> 00:14:14,240
699
+ temporal ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุชุฌุฑุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ุณุงูุฉ ุฌุฑูŠุจุฉ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:14:14,240 --> 00:14:18,240
703
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ short fibers ุชุจู‚ู‰ ุฏู‡ ุจุฑุจุทู‡ู… different loops
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:14:18,240 --> 00:14:23,480
707
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู†ู‚ูˆู„ superior temporal ู…ุน middle ุฃูˆ ู…ุน
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:14:23,480 --> 00:14:27,300
711
+ inferior frontal different loops ุงู„ fibers ู‡ุชูƒูˆู†
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:14:27,300 --> 00:14:31,640
715
+ ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง long association fibers connect
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:14:31,640 --> 00:14:36,270
719
+ different loops ู„ูƒู† ุดุฑุท ุชุงู†ูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸof the
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:14:36,270 --> 00:14:38,730
723
+ same cerebral hemisphere ู…ู† ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู€ cerebral
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:14:38,730 --> 00:14:42,290
727
+ hemisphere ุงู„ู€ commissural fibers ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:14:42,290 --> 00:14:47,030
731
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ุช ุนู†ู‡ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† bands of white matter ุงูˆ
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:14:47,030 --> 00:14:51,050
735
+ nerve fibers connecting and coordinating of
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:14:51,050 --> 00:14:54,970
739
+ activities of the right and left cerebral
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:14:54,970 --> 00:15:00,790
743
+ hemisphere connect same area ู„ูƒู† in both cerebral
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:15:00,790 --> 00:15:05,670
747
+ hemispheres right frontal ู…ุน left frontalright
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:15:05,670 --> 00:15:09,270
751
+ temporal ู…ุน left temporal ูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ู…ู† ุถู…ู† ู‡ู…ุง ุฏูˆู„
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:15:09,270 --> 00:15:13,910
755
+ ุฃู‡ู… ุดูŠุก ูƒูˆุฑุจูˆุณ ูƒุงู„ูˆุฒูˆู… ุฃู‡ู… ูˆุงุญุฏ ูƒูˆุฑุจูˆุณ ูƒุงู„ูˆุฒูˆู… ููŠู‡
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:15:13,910 --> 00:15:17,890
759
+ anterior commissar posterior commissar hypanolar
760
+
761
+ 191
762
+ 00:15:17,890 --> 00:15:21,030
763
+ commissar ูˆhypocampal commissar ู„ูƒู† ุฃู‡ู… ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ููŠู‡ู…
764
+
765
+ 192
766
+ 00:15:21,030 --> 00:15:28,050
767
+ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูŠ ู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุชุนุชุจุฑ ุงูŠู‡ ูƒูˆุฑุจูˆุณ ูƒุงู„ูˆุฒูˆู… ู‡ู†ุง
768
+
769
+ 193
770
+ 00:15:28,050 --> 00:15:34,930
771
+ ููŠู‡ุง ุงู† ุงูŠู‡ุงู†ุชุฑูŠูˆุฑ ูƒูˆู…ูŠุดุงุฑ ูˆููŠู‡ุง ุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุฑ ูƒูˆู…ูŠุดุงุฑ
772
+
773
+ 194
774
+ 00:15:34,930 --> 00:15:39,950
775
+ ูˆููŠู‡ุง ู‡ุงุจูŠู†ูˆู„ุงุฑ ูƒูˆู…ูŠุดุงุฑ ูˆููŠู‡ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู‡ูŠุจูˆ
776
+
777
+ 195
778
+ 00:15:39,950 --> 00:15:43,990
779
+ ูƒุงู…ุจุฑ ูƒูˆู…ูŠุดุงุฑ ู‡ูŠุจูˆ ูƒุงู…ุจุฑ ูƒูˆู…ูŠุดุงุฑ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุงู†ุง
780
+
781
+ 196
782
+ 00:15:43,990 --> 00:15:48,630
783
+ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ุชู„ูƒู… ูƒู…ุงู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ ูƒูˆู…ูŠุดุงุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ fibers ูˆ ุงู„
784
+
785
+ 197
786
+ 00:15:48,630 --> 00:15:54,070
787
+ white matter ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ brain ููŠ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง ุงู„
788
+
789
+ 198
790
+ 00:15:54,070 --> 00:16:00,460
791
+ internal capsule ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุงit is a thick lamina of
792
+
793
+ 199
794
+ 00:16:00,460 --> 00:16:04,020
795
+ white
796
+
797
+ 200
798
+ 00:16:04,020 --> 00:16:08,680
799
+ matter ุฎู„ุงู„
800
+
801
+ 201
802
+ 00:16:08,680 --> 00:16:10,500
803
+ ุงู„ course ุฑุงุญ ุชุณู…ุนูˆุง ููŠู‡ุง ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุงู„ู€ internal
804
+
805
+ 202
806
+ 00:16:10,500 --> 00:16:14,120
807
+ capsule ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆู† ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ white matter ูˆ
808
+
809
+ 203
810
+ 00:16:14,120 --> 00:16:18,520
811
+ thick lamina made up of projection fibers ุจูŠู…ุฑูˆุง
812
+
813
+ 204
814
+ 00:16:18,520 --> 00:16:21,900
815
+ ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ projection ุงูŠู‡ุŸ fibers ascending ูˆ
816
+
817
+ 205
818
+ 00:16:21,900 --> 00:16:26,680
819
+ descending tractwhich pass to and from cerebral
820
+
821
+ 206
822
+ 00:16:26,680 --> 00:16:32,000
823
+ hemisphere ุฅุฐุง sensory to cerebral hemisphere ุฅุฐุง
824
+
825
+ 207
826
+ 00:16:32,000 --> 00:16:37,100
827
+ motor from cerebral hemisphere okay it is
828
+
829
+ 208
830
+ 00:16:37,100 --> 00:16:40,620
831
+ continuous superiorly with corona radiata ู…ู† ุฃุนู„ู‰
832
+
833
+ 209
834
+ 00:16:40,620 --> 00:16:42,720
835
+ ุจูŠุญุฏุฏ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง corona radiata ููŠ ุงู„ white matter
836
+
837
+ 210
838
+ 00:16:43,470 --> 00:16:49,950
839
+ and inferiorly ุชุญุช ู…ุน ุงู„ cerebral peduncles ุจุชุงุนุฉ
840
+
841
+ 211
842
+ 00:16:49,950 --> 00:16:52,810
843
+ ุงู„ middle brain ุจุณู…ูŠู‡ู… peduncles of middle brain
844
+
845
+ 212
846
+ 00:16:52,810 --> 00:16:56,630
847
+ ุฃูˆ cerebral peduncles ุฅู„ู‡ุง ุซู„ุงุซ ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„
848
+
849
+ 213
850
+ 00:16:56,630 --> 00:17:01,110
851
+ internal capsule anterior limb short ูˆ posterior
852
+
853
+ 214
854
+ 00:17:01,110 --> 00:17:05,670
855
+ limb long ูˆ ุงู„ูƒูˆุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต ุงุณู…ู‡ genio ุงูˆ apex
856
+
857
+ 215
858
+ 00:17:05,670 --> 00:17:09,970
859
+ ู‡ูŠุง
860
+
861
+ 216
862
+ 00:17:09,970 --> 00:17:22,620
863
+ ู†ุดูˆูู‡ุง ู‡ู†ุงู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ internal capsule ุงู„ู„ูŠ
864
+
865
+ 217
866
+ 00:17:22,620 --> 00:17:26,880
867
+ ู‡ูŠ ุฌุฒุก ุฃู…ุงู…ูŠ short ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุฌุฒุก ุฎู„ููŠ long ูŠุจู‚ู‰
868
+
869
+ 218
870
+ 00:17:26,880 --> 00:17:33,180
871
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ anterior limb ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ posterior limb ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ genio
872
+
873
+ 219
874
+ 00:17:33,180 --> 00:17:38,060
875
+ ุงูˆ apex ุงู„ูƒูˆุน ุจุชุงุนู‡ุง ุทุจ ู…ุงุญุฏุด ูŠุณุฃู„ ู„ูŠุด ุณู…ูˆู‡ุง
876
+
877
+ 220
878
+ 00:17:38,060 --> 00:17:43,970
879
+ internal capsule ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง locatedInternal ู„ู€
880
+
881
+ 221
882
+ 00:17:43,970 --> 00:17:49,210
883
+ Lentiform Nucleus ุงู„ู€ Lentiform Nucleus ุงู„ู€
884
+
885
+ 222
886
+ 00:17:49,210 --> 00:17:54,290
887
+ Lentiform Nucleus ุงู„ู€ Lentiform Nucleus ุงู„ู€
888
+
889
+ 223
890
+ 00:17:54,290 --> 00:17:58,650
891
+ Lentiform
892
+
893
+ 224
894
+ 00:17:58,650 --> 00:18:00,570
895
+ Nucleus
896
+
897
+ 225
898
+ 00:18:02,540 --> 00:18:06,240
899
+ Internal ู„ุฅู†ุชูŠูุงุฑู… ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู„ุฅู†ุชูŠูุงุฑู… ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
900
+
901
+ 226
902
+ 00:18:06,240 --> 00:18:08,820
903
+ ู„ุฅู†ุชูŠูุงุฑู… ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู„ุฅู†ุชูŠูุงุฑู… ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู„ุฅู†ุชูŠูุงุฑู…
904
+
905
+ 227
906
+ 00:18:08,820 --> 00:18:11,660
907
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู„ุฅู†ุชูŠูุงุฑู… ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู„ุฅู†ุชูุงุฑู… ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
908
+
909
+ 228
910
+ 00:18:11,660 --> 00:18:12,940
911
+ ู„ุฅู†ุชูุงุฑู… ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู„ุฅู†ุชูุงุฑู… ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู„ุฅู†ุชูุงุฑู… ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
912
+
913
+ 229
914
+ 00:18:12,940 --> 00:18:15,060
915
+ ู„ุฅู†ุชูุงุฑู… ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู„ุฅู†ุชูุงุฑู… ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู„ุฅู†ุชูุงุฑู… ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
916
+
917
+ 230
918
+ 00:18:15,060 --> 00:18:19,860
919
+ ู„ุฅู†ุชูุงุฑู… ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู„ุฅู†ุชูุงุฑู… ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู„ุฅู†ุชูุงุฑู… ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ
920
+
921
+ 231
922
+ 00:18:19,860 --> 00:18:23,300
923
+ ู„ุฅู†ุชูุงุฑู…
924
+
925
+ 232
926
+ 00:18:23,300 --> 00:18:28,840
927
+ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู„ุฅู†ุชูุงุฑู… ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู„ุฅู†ุชูุงุฑู… ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุณ ู„ุฅู†ุชูุงุฑู…
928
+
929
+ 233
930
+ 00:18:28,840 --> 00:18:28,920
931
+ ู†
932
+
933
+ 234
934
+ 00:18:32,970 --> 00:18:36,690
935
+ ุงู„ู€ External Capsule ุณู…ูˆู‡ุง External Capsule ุนุดุงู†ู‡ุง
936
+
937
+ 235
938
+ 00:18:36,690 --> 00:18:40,990
939
+ Located External ู„ู…ู† ู„ู€ Lentiform Nucleus ุฃูˆ
940
+
941
+ 236
942
+ 00:18:40,990 --> 00:18:44,270
943
+ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง Lateral ู„ู€ Lentiform Nucleus ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€
944
+
945
+ 237
946
+ 00:18:44,270 --> 00:18:47,390
947
+ External Capsule ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† Thin Layer of White
948
+
949
+ 238
950
+ 00:18:47,390 --> 00:18:50,710
951
+ Matter which covers the lateral surface of
952
+
953
+ 239
954
+ 00:18:50,710 --> 00:18:54,310
955
+ Lentiform Nucleus and separating the Lentiform
956
+
957
+ 240
958
+ 00:18:54,310 --> 00:18:58,410
959
+ Nucleus from the Claustrum ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู†ู‡ุงูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„
960
+
961
+ 241
962
+ 00:18:58,410 --> 00:19:03,390
963
+ External CapsuleุจุชูŠุฌูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ lateral surface of
964
+
965
+ 242
966
+ 00:19:03,390 --> 00:19:06,530
967
+ lentiform nucleus ูˆุจุชูุตู„ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ lentiform
968
+
969
+ 243
970
+ 00:19:06,530 --> 00:19:10,670
971
+ nucleus ุนู† ุงู„ claustrum ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„
972
+
973
+ 244
974
+ 00:19:10,670 --> 00:19:14,310
975
+ ุจูŠุฒุง ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุนูŠ ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุงุฎุฏู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ
976
+
977
+ 245
978
+ 00:19:14,310 --> 00:19:17,950
979
+ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจูŠุฒุง ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠุงุนูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู†ุง
980
+
981
+ 246
982
+ 00:19:17,950 --> 00:19:23,270
983
+ ุจูƒูˆู† ุดุฑุญุชู„ูƒู… ุงู„ cerebral hemisphere ูƒู„ู‡ ูˆ ุงู„ white
984
+
985
+ 247
986
+ 00:19:23,270 --> 00:19:27,030
987
+ matter ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุงู„ู ุนุงููŠุฉ ูˆ ุฏู…ุชู… ุจุงู„ู
988
+
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/U7EAhoTGhq4.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,1366 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:04,940 --> 00:00:09,260
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ู‡ูˆ
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:09,260 --> 00:00:16,800
7
+ vertebrobasilar system vertebrobasilar system ู…ู†
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:16,800 --> 00:00:20,360
11
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ vertebro ู†ุงุชุฌ ุนู† ุงู„ vertebral artery basilar
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:20,360 --> 00:00:25,480
15
+ basilar artery ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ vertebral artery ุงู„ origin
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:25,480 --> 00:00:28,600
19
+ of vertebral artery ุนู†ุฏูŠ right and left vertebral
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:28,600 --> 00:00:34,550
23
+ artery ุงู„ origin ุชุจุนู‡ู… each vertebral artery arises
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:34,550 --> 00:00:41,130
27
+ from the first part of subclavian artery ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูƒู„
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:41,130 --> 00:00:45,530
31
+ vertebral artery ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ first part of
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:45,530 --> 00:00:49,430
35
+ subclavian artery ุทุจ ุฅูŠุด ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ first part of
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:49,430 --> 00:00:54,870
39
+ subclavian arteryุŸ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุนู†ุฏูŠุŸ subclavian artery
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:54,870 --> 00:01:03,220
43
+ subclavian artery ุงู„ู€ three part ุงูˆู„ part ุงุณู…ู‡
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:01:03,220 --> 00:01:15,040
47
+ first ูˆ ุซุงู†ูŠ part second ูˆ third ู‡ุงุฏ ุงุณู…ู‡ anterior
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:15,040 --> 00:01:21,740
51
+ scalene muscle ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูŠุฏูŠุง ู„ู„ anterior
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:21,740 --> 00:01:28,140
55
+ scalene muscle ุงุณู…ู‡ ุงูŠู‡ first part ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:28,140 --> 00:01:32,700
59
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฎู„ูู‡ุง ุงุณู…ู‡ second part ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:32,700 --> 00:01:38,380
63
+ lateral third part ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุจุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ vertebral
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:38,380 --> 00:01:44,420
67
+ artery ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† first part of subclavian artery
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:44,420 --> 00:01:50,240
71
+ first part of subclavian artery ุทูŠุจ course of
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:50,240 --> 00:01:55,240
75
+ vertebral artery ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง from the first part of
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:55,240 --> 00:01:58,040
79
+ subclavian artery ุจุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ vertebral artery ุงู„
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:58,040 --> 00:02:03,660
83
+ right ูˆ ุงู„ left pass upward ุจูŠุตุนุฏ ู„ู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุจูŠููˆุช ููŠ
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:02:03,660 --> 00:02:09,540
87
+ ุงู„ transverse foramina of upper six cervical
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:02:09,540 --> 00:02:17,320
91
+ vertebra ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠููˆุชู†ุง ููŠ foramen magnum ascend
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:17,320 --> 00:02:22,360
95
+ upward ุจูŠุตุนุฏ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† media ู„ุงู† in front of the
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:22,360 --> 00:02:26,620
99
+ medulla oblongata ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ course of the
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:26,620 --> 00:02:30,980
103
+ vertebral artery ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุชูุฌู†ุง ุงู†ู‡ vertebral artery
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:30,980 --> 00:02:36,020
107
+ emerges from first part of subclavian artery then
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:36,020 --> 00:02:39,780
111
+ ascends ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠุตุนุฏ upward ูˆูŠู† ุจูŠููˆุช ููŠ ุงู„
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:39,780 --> 00:02:43,700
115
+ transverse foramina of the upper six cervical
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:43,700 --> 00:02:49,060
119
+ vertebra ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจูŠููˆุช ููŠ foramen magnum as two
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:49,060 --> 00:02:52,640
123
+ vertebral artery ุจูŠุตุนุฏูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ media surface ูˆ ุงู„
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:02:52,640 --> 00:02:57,400
127
+ frontal surface of medulla oblongata at the lower
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:02:57,400 --> 00:03:01,000
131
+ border of the pons ููŠ ุงู„ lower border of ุงู„ pons
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:03:01,000 --> 00:03:04,780
135
+ ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ upper border of medulla oblongata ูŠุนู†ูŠ
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:04,780 --> 00:03:07,440
139
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุญุฏูˆุฏ ุงู„ medulla oblongata ู…ุน ุงู„ pons ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:07,440 --> 00:03:11,900
143
+ ุนู†ู‡ุงุŸ ุจุชุญุถุฑูˆุง ุงู„ two vertebral arteries ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุนุดุงู†
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:11,900 --> 00:03:16,520
147
+ ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ู‡ุง single artery ุงุณู…ู‡ Basilar artery ู„ุฐู„ูƒ
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:16,520 --> 00:03:19,940
151
+ ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง vertebrobasilar system ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ two
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:19,940 --> 00:03:26,080
155
+ vertebral arteries ู‡ุงูŠ ู‡ู… ุจุชุญุถุฑูˆุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ูˆ
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:26,080 --> 00:03:29,820
159
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ู‡ุง ุงูŠู‡
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:29,820 --> 00:03:36,480
163
+ ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู†ุฏูŠ ูˆุงุถุญุงู† two vertebral arteries ุจุชุญุถุฑูˆุง ู…ุน
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:36,480 --> 00:03:43,650
167
+ ุจุนุถ ูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ู‡ุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ one ู‡ุฐุง left vertebral artery ูˆ
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:43,650 --> 00:03:47,590
171
+ ู‡ุฐุง right vertebral artery ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ Basilar
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:03:47,590 --> 00:03:53,850
175
+ artery ููŠ ุงู„ system ู‡ุฐุง ุณู…ูˆู‡ vertebrobasilar A
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:03:53,850 --> 00:03:59,610
179
+ system vertebrobasilar system ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:03:59,610 --> 00:04:02,150
183
+ origin ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ ..
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:05,560 --> 00:04:08,860
187
+ Vertebral artery ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ first part of
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:08,860 --> 00:04:14,160
191
+ subclavian artery ุงูŠูˆู‡ ุฎุฑุฌ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ vertebral
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:14,160 --> 00:04:20,720
195
+ artery Vertebral artery ู‚ู„ู†ุง
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:20,720 --> 00:04:24,880
199
+ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ first part of subclavian artery ู‡ู†ุง
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:24,880 --> 00:04:29,200
203
+ ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู„ vertebral artery ุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ first part of
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:29,200 --> 00:04:34,270
207
+ subclavian artery ูุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ู€ 6 Cervical Vertebra
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:04:34,270 --> 00:04:39,970
211
+ ููŠ ุงู„ Transverse Foramen ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุจูŠููˆุช ููŠ Foramen
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:04:39,970 --> 00:04:45,390
215
+ Magnum ุจูŠุตู„ูˆุง ู„ู„ lower border of the pons ุฃูˆ ุงู„
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:04:45,390 --> 00:04:48,990
219
+ upper border of Medulla Oblongata ูˆ ุจูŠุชุญุฏูˆุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถ
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:04:48,990 --> 00:04:52,570
223
+ right vertebral artery ู…ุน ุงู„ left ูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู† a
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:04:52,570 --> 00:04:57,970
227
+ single artery is Basilar Artery ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:04:57,970 --> 00:05:03,470
231
+ branches of vertebral artery ููŠ branches ุงุณู…ู‡ู…
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:03,470 --> 00:05:12,390
235
+ posterior spinal artery ู‡ุงู†ุฏูŠ posterior spinal
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:12,390 --> 00:05:21,590
239
+ artery left ูˆ right ู†ุฑุณู…ู‡ู… ุจู„ูˆู† ุซุงู†ูŠ ุจู„ูˆู† ุซุงู†ูŠ
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:21,590 --> 00:05:24,930
243
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ู… posterior
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:30,330 --> 00:05:37,130
247
+ spinal artery ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ left posterior spinal artery
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:37,130 --> 00:05:44,010
251
+ ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠู‡ right posterior spinal artery ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:05:44,010 --> 00:05:46,570
255
+ ุงูˆู„ branches posterior spinal artery ุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู…
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:05:46,570 --> 00:05:50,350
259
+ ุนู†ู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:05:50,350 --> 00:05:57,110
263
+ ููŠ ุงู„ anatomy of spinal cord ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ two
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:05:58,470 --> 00:06:03,790
267
+ Anterior Spinal Arteries ุจุงู„ุชุญุฏูŠ ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ู‡ุง
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:06:03,790 --> 00:06:10,510
271
+ single Anterior Spinal Artery ูƒู…
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:10,510 --> 00:06:16,150
275
+ Anterior Spinal ArteryุŸ two ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ origin ุงู„
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:16,150 --> 00:06:24,150
279
+ origin ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ left Anterior Spinal Artery ุชู…ุงู… ุฃูˆ
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:24,150 --> 00:06:27,970
283
+ ู‡ู†ุง origin right
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:28,710 --> 00:06:31,950
287
+ anterior spinal artery ุงุซู†ูŠู† ูŠุชุญุฏูˆุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถ
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:06:31,950 --> 00:06:38,230
291
+ ูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู† ุงูŠู‡ single ุงู„ู€ anterior spinal artery
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:06:38,230 --> 00:06:41,150
295
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ูŠุชุญุฏูˆุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ูƒุงู… anterior spinal
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:06:41,150 --> 00:06:46,270
299
+ artery single one one ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงูŠู‡ anterior spinal
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:06:46,270 --> 00:06:50,570
303
+ artery ูˆุฑุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:06:50,570 --> 00:06:56,090
307
+ spinal cord anatomy ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ูุน ุฃุฎุฏ ุฑุงุชุจ ูˆ ุฃุฑูˆุญ ุจูŠุชูŠ
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:06:56,090 --> 00:07:00,330
311
+ ู„ุงุฒู… ุฃู…ูŠู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู‡ู„ ูˆ ุฃุนุทูŠู‡ู… ู„ุงุฒู… ุฃุฏูุน ุฏุฑูŠุจุฉ ูˆ
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:07:00,330 --> 00:07:03,690
315
+ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ูˆ ููŠุฑุชุจุฑุฉ ุงู„ุงุฑุซ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู…ุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:07:03,690 --> 00:07:07,310
319
+ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠุนุทูŠ ุฏุฑูŠุจุฉ ุฏุฑูŠุจุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑูˆุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:07,310 --> 00:07:10,690
323
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุงูŠู‡ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุงุฑูŠ branches ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ุตุบุงุฑ ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ู…
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:10,690 --> 00:07:14,810
327
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ู… ุงูŠู‡ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุงุฑูŠ branches ุจุบุถ ุงู„ู€ media part of
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:07:14,810 --> 00:07:17,890
331
+ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ุตุบุงุฑ ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ู… ุงุณู…ู‡ู…
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:07:17,890 --> 00:07:22,670
335
+ ุงูŠู‡ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุงุฑูŠ branches
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:07:24,540 --> 00:07:31,880
339
+ ูˆ ููŠ ุดุฑูŠุงู† ูƒุจูŠุฑ right and left ุงุณู…ู‡ posterior
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:07:31,880 --> 00:07:40,160
343
+ inferior cerebellar artery left PICA ูˆ right
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:07:40,160 --> 00:07:47,740
347
+ PICA ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฅู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ branches of ุงู„ vertebral
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:07:47,740 --> 00:07:52,700
351
+ artery Posterior Spinal Arteries, Anterior Spinal
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:07:52,700 --> 00:07:57,500
355
+ Artery, Medullary Branches ูˆ Left Posterior
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:07:57,500 --> 00:08:00,500
359
+ Inferior Cerebellar Artery ู„ูˆ ุณุฃู„ู†ุง ุณุคุงู„ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:08:00,500 --> 00:08:03,860
363
+ largest branchุŸ largest branch PICA ุงู„ู€ posterior
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:08:03,860 --> 00:08:06,560
367
+ inferior cerebellar artery it is the largest
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:08:06,560 --> 00:08:14,720
371
+ branch of a vertebral artery ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ PICA ุฃูˆ
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:08:14,720 --> 00:08:17,340
375
+ posterior inferior cerebellar arteryุŒ it is the
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:08:17,340 --> 00:08:20,700
379
+ largest branch of ุงู„ูˆุฑุชุจุฑุฉ ุงู„ุงุฑุชุฑูŠุŒ supplies
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:08:20,700 --> 00:08:27,330
383
+ posterior part of inferior surface of cerebellum ู…ู†
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:08:27,330 --> 00:08:30,870
387
+ ู‡ู†ุง ุงุณู…ู‡ posterior inferior cerebellar artery ูˆ
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:08:30,870 --> 00:08:35,970
391
+ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ dorsum ุฃูˆ posterior lateral part of ุงู„ู…ุฎูŠุฎ ูˆ
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:08:35,970 --> 00:08:40,390
395
+ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง a branch ู„ู€ choroidal plexus of fourth
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:08:40,390 --> 00:08:43,430
399
+ ventricle ุงุชูุงู‚ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ choroidal plexus ู…ู† ุงู„
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:08:43,430 --> 00:08:46,690
403
+ lateral ูˆ ุงู„ู€ third ุจุงุฎุฏู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ anterior choroidal
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:08:46,690 --> 00:08:50,930
407
+ artery of internal carotid ูˆ ุงู„ู€ choroidal plexus
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:08:50,930 --> 00:08:55,930
411
+ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ fourth ventricle ุจุงุฎุฏู‡ ู…ู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ู€ posterior
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:08:55,930 --> 00:08:59,310
415
+ inferior cerebellar artery ูˆู‡ู†ุง ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉ ู†ุฑุณู…ู‡ู…
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:08:59,310 --> 00:09:08,350
419
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู†ูˆุถุญู‡ู… ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงุชู†ูŠู† anterior spinal
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:09:08,350 --> 00:09:13,330
423
+ origin ุชุจุนู‡ู… ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู† single anterior spinal
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:09:13,330 --> 00:09:19,650
427
+ artery ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ two posterior spinal artery ููŠ
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:09:19,650 --> 00:09:25,300
431
+ PICA ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ posterior inferior cerebellar artery ูˆุขุฎุฑ ุดูŠุก ููŠ
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:09:25,300 --> 00:09:29,400
435
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุงุฑูŠ ุจุฑุงู†ุดุฒ Medullary Branches ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:09:29,400 --> 00:09:40,020
439
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฑุจู…ุง ุฃุชุฑูƒูˆุง ู…ุนุงู‡ู… ูˆุงุถุญูŠู† ุฃูƒุซุฑ ูƒุจุฑุชู‡ุง Basilar
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:09:40,020 --> 00:09:44,440
443
+ artery ู‡ู„ุฃ ุงุชุญุฏูˆุง ุงู„ู€ two artery ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ู‡ุงูŠ ู‡ู…
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:09:44,440 --> 00:09:53,890
447
+ ูˆูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ Basilar Artery ูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ Basilar Artery
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:09:53,890 --> 00:09:59,350
451
+ Basilar
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:09:59,350 --> 00:10:07,430
455
+ artery ุงู„ู€ Basilar artery ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:10:07,430 --> 00:10:11,530
459
+ union between the two vertebral arteries ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:10:11,530 --> 00:10:16,320
463
+ ุนู† ุงุชุญุงุฏ ุจูŠู† ุงูŠู‡ two vertebral arteries at the
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:10:16,320 --> 00:10:20,220
467
+ lower border of the pons by the union of the two
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:10:20,220 --> 00:10:24,440
471
+ vertebral arteries ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ู…ูŠู† Basilar artery and it
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:10:24,440 --> 00:10:29,260
475
+ ascends along the basilar grooveุŒ ู…ุชุฐูƒุฑูŠู† ุงู„
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:10:29,260 --> 00:10:32,380
479
+ ponsุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ ventral surface of the ponsุŒ ุฅูŠุด ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:10:32,380 --> 00:10:35,680
483
+ ููŠู‡ุŸ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง basilar groove ุจูŠู…ูˆุฑ ููŠู‡ุง Basilar
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:10:35,680 --> 00:10:40,660
487
+ artery terminationุŒ ูˆูŠู† ุจู†ุชู‡ูŠุŸ at the upper border
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:10:40,660 --> 00:10:48,960
491
+ of the pons by dividing into two terminal branches
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:10:48,960 --> 00:10:52,080
495
+ posterior cerebral artery ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ terminal
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:10:52,080 --> 00:10:59,920
499
+ branch of basilar artery ู‡ู… ุงูŠู‡ posterior cerebral
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:10:59,920 --> 00:11:05,560
503
+ artery ู‡ุงูŠ left Posterior Cerebral Artery ูˆ ู‡ุงูŠ ุงูŠู‡
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:11:05,560 --> 00:11:12,240
507
+ Right Posterior Cerebral Artery ุชู…ุงู… Okay ุทุจ ู…ูŠู†
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:11:12,240 --> 00:11:15,480
511
+ ู‡ูˆ largest branch of Basilar Artery ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ู‡ูˆ
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:11:15,480 --> 00:11:21,480
515
+ Posterior Cerebral Artery branches of Basilar
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:11:21,480 --> 00:11:27,640
519
+ Artery ุฃูˆู„ branch ู†ุฑุณู…ู‡ุง ุจุงู„ู„ูˆู† ุงู„ุฃุณูˆุฏ
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:11:30,510 --> 00:11:37,090
523
+ ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ large branch ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู…
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:11:37,090 --> 00:11:40,910
527
+ posterior spinal
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:11:40,910 --> 00:11:48,930
531
+ artery posterior
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:11:48,930 --> 00:11:56,850
535
+ spinal artery ู‡ู… large branch ู‡ุงูŠ
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:11:56,850 --> 00:12:03,880
539
+ left Posterior Spinal Artery ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงูŠู‡ Right
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:12:03,880 --> 00:12:12,720
543
+ Posterior Spinal Artery ุฃูˆู„ branch ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู…
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:12:12,720 --> 00:12:20,920
547
+ Right AICA ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Anterior Inferior Cerebellar
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:12:20,920 --> 00:12:25,080
551
+ Artery Left AICA
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:12:26,870 --> 00:12:32,850
555
+ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง auditory
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:12:32,850 --> 00:12:40,990
559
+ ุฃูˆ internal auditory internal auditory artery left
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:12:40,990 --> 00:12:48,590
563
+ ูˆู‡ู†ุง right internal auditory ุฃูˆ Labyrinthine ูˆุจุนุฏู‡ุง
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:12:48,590 --> 00:12:56,130
567
+ ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ุถุฑูŠุจุฉ ู…ุฑูˆุฑ ุงุณู…ู‡ู… paramedian ุฃูˆ ุงุณู…ู‡ู… Pontine
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:12:56,130 --> 00:13:03,810
571
+ branches ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ุตุบุงุฑ ุงุณู…ู‡ู… ุงูŠู‡ Pontine branches ุฃูˆ
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:13:03,810 --> 00:13:08,010
575
+ Paramedian ูˆ ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง posterior cerebral
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:13:08,010 --> 00:13:17,750
579
+ artery ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู†ู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ superior cerebellar
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:13:17,750 --> 00:13:18,170
583
+ artery
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:13:22,860 --> 00:13:27,980
587
+ Superior Cerebellar Artery
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:13:32,430 --> 00:13:36,530
591
+ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน branches of basilar artery
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:13:36,530 --> 00:13:41,010
595
+ ุฃูˆู„ branch anterior inferior cerebellar artery ู‡ูŠ
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:13:41,010 --> 00:13:44,410
599
+ ู‡ู†ุง anterior inferior cerebellar artery ุฃูˆ AICA
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:13:44,410 --> 00:13:49,570
603
+ supply the anterior and inferior surface of the
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:13:49,570 --> 00:13:51,130
607
+ cerebellum and pons
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:13:53,720 --> 00:13:58,160
611
+ internal auditory ุฃูˆ labyrinthine artery ุจูŠููˆุช ู„ู„
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:13:58,160 --> 00:14:02,000
615
+ internal auditory meatus ู…ุน ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน ูˆ ุงู„ุซุงู…ู†
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:14:02,000 --> 00:14:07,100
619
+ supply the internal ear ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุงู„ุฃุฐู† ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:14:07,100 --> 00:14:12,000
623
+ small paramedian ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… pontine branches supply
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:14:12,000 --> 00:14:16,600
627
+ the pons ุจูŠุบุฐูŠูˆุง ุงู„ pons ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง superior
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:14:16,600 --> 00:14:21,120
631
+ cerebellar artery which supply the superior part
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:14:21,120 --> 00:14:26,260
635
+ of cerebellum and superior cerebellar peduncle
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:14:26,260 --> 00:14:30,380
639
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุญุช ู…ุน ุงู„ midbrain ูˆ terminal branch ุงู„ูƒุจุงุฑ
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:14:30,380 --> 00:14:34,680
643
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… posterior cerebral artery ู…ู† ุงู„ุฐุงูƒุฑูŠู† ุงู„
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:14:34,680 --> 00:14:38,580
647
+ posterior cerebral artery ู‚ู„ุชู„ูƒูˆุง ุจุชุญุช ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:14:39,120 --> 00:14:43,440
651
+ ุงู„ู€ Internal Carotid Artery ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ Posterior
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:14:43,440 --> 00:14:48,060
655
+ Communicating Artery ุนุดุงู† ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง Circle of Willis
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:14:48,060 --> 00:14:58,660
659
+ ุฃูˆ Willis Formation ุฎู„ูŠู†ุง ุฏูŠ AICA
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:14:58,660 --> 00:15:03,280
663
+ Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery ู‡ุฐุง Labyrinthine Artery
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:15:03,280 --> 00:15:10,340
667
+ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ Small Paramedian ู‡ู†ุง superior cerebellar
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:15:10,340 --> 00:15:14,800
671
+ artery ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ุงู„ู€ branches ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู…
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:15:14,800 --> 00:15:19,280
675
+ posterior posterior cerebral artery ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชุญุฏ ู…ุน
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:15:19,280 --> 00:15:24,120
679
+ ุงู„ internal carotid artery ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:15:24,120 --> 00:15:28,340
683
+ posterior communicating artery ุนุดุงู† ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง Circle
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:15:28,340 --> 00:15:36,180
687
+ of Willis ุฃูˆ Willis Formation ุงู„ุขู† ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ู€
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:15:36,180 --> 00:15:39,220
691
+ posterior cerebral artery ุญู‚ู‡ ู…ุด ู…ุงุฌุณ ุดุฑุญู†ุง
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:15:39,220 --> 00:15:42,360
695
+ anterior cerebral artery ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ูˆ ุดุฑุญู†ุง ุงู„
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:15:42,360 --> 00:15:45,120
699
+ middle cerebral artery ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ู…ู†
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:15:45,120 --> 00:15:48,320
703
+ ุงู„ internal carotid artery ู„ุฃู†ูŠ ุฃุดุฑุญ ู„ูƒู… posterior
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:15:48,320 --> 00:15:52,500
707
+ cerebral artery ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃุตู„ู‡ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† Basilar ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:15:52,500 --> 00:15:55,910
711
+ branch It is the terminal branch of basilar artery
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:15:55,910 --> 00:16:01,050
715
+ at the upper part of the pons connects with the
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:16:01,050 --> 00:16:05,450
719
+ ipsilateral internal carotid artery by posterior
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:16:05,450 --> 00:16:08,470
723
+ communicating artery ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ posterior cerebral
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:16:08,470 --> 00:16:12,270
727
+ artery ูƒู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงู„ู€ right ุจุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ right internal
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:16:12,270 --> 00:16:15,870
731
+ carotid artery ูˆ ุงู„ู€ left ุจุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ left internal
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:16:15,870 --> 00:16:19,750
735
+ carotid artery ุจูˆุงุณุทุฉ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ posterior
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:16:19,750 --> 00:16:26,670
739
+ communicating artery on each side ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠุบุฐูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:16:26,670 --> 00:16:31,270
743
+ ู‡ูˆ posterior cerebral arteryุŸ it supplies inferior
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:16:31,270 --> 00:16:35,730
747
+ lateral part of temporal lobe, occipital lobe,
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:16:36,330 --> 00:16:39,930
751
+ posterior part of corpus callosum, diencephalon,
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:16:40,530 --> 00:16:45,390
755
+ midbrain ูˆ choroidal plexus of lateral and third
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:16:45,390 --> 00:16:51,110
759
+ ventricle ู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ posterior cerebral
760
+
761
+ 191
762
+ 00:16:51,110 --> 00:16:54,450
763
+ artery ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุงู„ู€ occipital lobe ูˆ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠู‡ุง ุงู„
764
+
765
+ 192
766
+ 00:16:54,450 --> 00:17:08,750
767
+ inferior surface of temporal lobe ู‡ุฐู‡
768
+
769
+ 193
770
+ 00:17:08,750 --> 00:17:14,6
771
+
772
+ 201
773
+ 00:17:45,130 --> 00:17:48,670
774
+ nine arteries supplying the brain ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ
775
+
776
+ 202
777
+ 00:17:48,670 --> 00:17:52,170
778
+ ุนู† anastomosis between vertebral basilar system
779
+
780
+ 203
781
+ 00:17:52,170 --> 00:17:57,690
782
+ and internal carotid system ุงู„ู€ Function Direct
783
+
784
+ 204
785
+ 00:17:57,690 --> 00:18:03,310
786
+ blood to other branches in cases of occlusion and
787
+
788
+ 205
789
+ 00:18:03,310 --> 00:18:07,070
790
+ connect carotid system with vertebral basilar
791
+
792
+ 206
793
+ 00:18:07,070 --> 00:18:11,430
794
+ system ุฃู†ุง ุณู†ุฉ 2001 โ€“ 2004 ููŠ ุฑุณุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑุงู‡ ุจุชุงุนุชู‰
795
+
796
+ 207
797
+ 00:18:11,430 --> 00:18:14,130
798
+ ุนู…ู„ุช ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… carotid stroke
799
+
800
+ 208
801
+ 00:18:14,130 --> 00:18:16,430
802
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุฌู„ุทุงุช ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ููŠ ุดุฑูŠุงู† ุงู„ุณุจุงุชูŠ
803
+
804
+ 209
805
+ 00:18:16,430 --> 00:18:20,670
806
+ ูˆูˆุฌุฏู†ุง ุนู†ุฏ ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ ุจุฒูŠุฏ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุงู„ู€ cerebral
807
+
808
+ 210
809
+ 00:18:20,670 --> 00:18:23,910
810
+ hemodynamic ูˆุงู„ู€ blood supply ุฑุงุญ ุชุฒูŠุฏ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ูˆ
811
+
812
+ 211
813
+ 00:18:23,910 --> 00:18:26,850
814
+ ุจุฒูŠุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ vertebrobasilar ุนุดุงู† ูŠุนู…ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ
815
+
816
+ 212
817
+ 00:18:26,850 --> 00:18:31,050
818
+ compensation ู„ู€ โ€ฆ ู„ู€ โ€ฆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ deficit ุงู„ู„ูŠ
819
+
820
+ 213
821
+ 00:18:31,050 --> 00:18:34,650
822
+ ุตุงุฑ ููŠ carotid system ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ู€ circle of Willis
823
+
824
+ 214
825
+ 00:18:34,650 --> 00:18:38,190
826
+ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† connection between two system between
827
+
828
+ 215
829
+ 00:18:38,190 --> 00:18:42,670
830
+ internal carotid system and vertebrobasilar system
831
+
832
+ 216
833
+ 00:18:42,670 --> 00:18:49,200
834
+ ู…ู† ุฃูŠู† ุจุชูƒูˆู†ุŸ circle of Willis ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† 9 arteriesุŒ
835
+
836
+ 217
837
+ 00:18:49,200 --> 00:18:52,920
838
+ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูุฑุฏูŠ ูˆุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุฒูˆุฌูŠุŒ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูุฑุฏูŠ ูˆุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุฒูˆุฌูŠุŒ ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุน
839
+
840
+ 218
841
+ 00:18:52,920 --> 00:18:55,880
842
+ ุฒ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝุฌูŠ ุตุงุฑูˆุง ุซู…ุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูุฑุฏูŠ ุตุงุฑูˆุง ุชุณุนุฉุŒ ู†ุจุฏุฃ ู…ู†
843
+
844
+ 219
845
+ 00:18:55,880 --> 00:18:56,560
846
+ ููˆู‚ ู„ุชุญุช
847
+
848
+ 220
849
+ 00:19:00,070 --> 00:19:01,910
850
+ ู„ูˆ ุณุฃู„ุชูƒูˆุง ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ู€ anterior communicating artery
851
+
852
+ 221
853
+ 00:19:01,910 --> 00:19:04,710
854
+ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุงู„ู€ branch ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ internal carotid
855
+
856
+ 222
857
+ 00:19:04,710 --> 00:19:08,590
858
+ arteryุŸ ู„ุฃุŒ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ connection between two
859
+
860
+ 223
861
+ 00:19:08,590 --> 00:19:10,850
862
+ anterior cerebral arteriesุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ anterior
863
+
864
+ 224
865
+ 00:19:10,850 --> 00:19:13,650
866
+ communicating arteryุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ูุฑุฏูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ุจูŠุฑุจุท ุงู„ู€
867
+
868
+ 225
869
+ 00:19:13,650 --> 00:19:15,950
870
+ right ูˆุงู„ู€ left ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ anterior cerebral arteryุŒ
871
+
872
+ 226
873
+ 00:19:15,950 --> 00:19:18,410
874
+ ุตุงุฑูˆุง ุซู„ุงุซุฉุŒ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ู€ anterior cerebral
875
+
876
+ 227
877
+ 00:19:18,410 --> 00:19:21,290
878
+ artery ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ internal carotidุŸ rightุŒ leftุŒ ุตุงุฑูˆุง
879
+
880
+ 228
881
+ 00:19:21,290 --> 00:19:25,800
882
+ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุจุฑุฌุน ุฑุฌูˆุน ู„ู„ุฎู„ู posterior communicating artery
883
+
884
+ 229
885
+ 00:19:25,800 --> 00:19:29,100
886
+ right left ุตุงุฑูˆุง ูƒุงู…ุŸ ุณุจุนุฉ ุจุฑุจุท ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู€ posterior
887
+
888
+ 230
889
+ 00:19:29,100 --> 00:19:32,660
890
+ communicating arteryุŸ ุจุฑุจุท ุงู„ู€ internal carotid ู…ุน
891
+
892
+ 231
893
+ 00:19:32,660 --> 00:19:35,000
894
+ ุงู„ู€ posterior cerebral artery ูŠุนู†ูŠ right left
895
+
896
+ 232
897
+ 00:19:35,000 --> 00:19:37,780
898
+ posterior cerebral artery ุตุงุฑูˆุง ูƒุงู…ุŸ ุชุณุนุฉ ุงูŠู‡ ูƒุงู†ุŸ
899
+
900
+ 233
901
+ 00:19:37,780 --> 00:19:42,900
902
+ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† anterior communicating artery ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
903
+
904
+ 234
905
+ 00:19:42,900 --> 00:19:45,680
906
+ ู‡ูˆ ุจุฑุจุท ุงู„ู€ right will lifts anterior cerebral
907
+
908
+ 235
909
+ 00:19:45,680 --> 00:19:50,040
910
+ artery right left anterior cerebral artery right
911
+
912
+ 236
913
+ 00:19:50,040 --> 00:19:53,860
914
+ left internal carotid artery right left posterior
915
+
916
+ 237
917
+ 00:19:53,860 --> 00:19:57,320
918
+ communicating artery and right left posterior
919
+
920
+ 238
921
+ 00:19:57,320 --> 00:20:02,520
922
+ cerebral artery ุตุงุฑ ุนุฏุฏู‡ู… ูƒุงู…ุŸ ุชุณุนุฉ ุงู†ุชุจู‡ูˆุง ู„ูˆ ุฃุฌูŠ
923
+
924
+ 239
925
+ 00:20:02,520 --> 00:20:04,920
926
+ ุณุคุงู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ middle cerebral artery ุงู„ู€ middle
927
+
928
+ 240
929
+ 00:20:04,920 --> 00:20:09,080
930
+ cerebral artery ู…ุง ู„ู‡ูˆุด ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ููŠ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน circle of
931
+
932
+ 241
933
+ 00:20:09,080 --> 00:20:17,210
934
+ Willis ุชุงุจุนูˆุง ู…ุนุงูŠุง ู‡ูŠ ู†ุฑุณู… ุจู„ูˆู† โ€ฆ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุด
935
+
936
+ 242
937
+ 00:20:17,210 --> 00:20:24,490
938
+ ูˆุงุถุญ ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู‡ูŠ anterior communicating
939
+
940
+ 243
941
+ 00:20:24,490 --> 00:20:28,010
942
+ artery ูˆุงุญุฏ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ anterior communicating artery
943
+
944
+ 244
945
+ 00:20:28,010 --> 00:20:36,270
946
+ ุจูŠุฑุจุท right anterior cerebral artery ู…ุน ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€
947
+
948
+ 245
949
+ 00:20:36,270 --> 00:20:41,610
950
+ left ุตุงุฑ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูƒุงู…ุŸ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ู€
951
+
952
+ 246
953
+ 00:20:41,610 --> 00:20:45,170
954
+ anterior cerebral artery ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ internal carotid
955
+
956
+ 247
957
+ 00:20:45,170 --> 00:20:51,470
958
+ artery ุตุงุฑ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูƒุงู…ุŸ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุจุฎุฑุฌ
959
+
960
+ 248
961
+ 00:20:51,470 --> 00:20:57,510
962
+ posterior communicating artery right
963
+
964
+ 249
965
+ 00:20:57,510 --> 00:21:02,770
966
+ and left ุณุชุฉ ุณุจุนุฉ ุจุฑุจุท ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุจุฑุจุท ุงู„ู€ internal
967
+
968
+ 250
969
+ 00:21:02,770 --> 00:21:08,270
970
+ carotid artery ู…ุน ุงูŠู‡ุŸ posterior cerebral artery
971
+
972
+ 251
973
+ 00:21:08,270 --> 00:21:11,650
974
+ ุซู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ
975
+
976
+ 252
977
+ 00:21:11,650 --> 00:21:17,090
978
+ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุชุณุนุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุนุชุจุฑ circle of Willis
979
+
980
+ 253
981
+ 00:21:27,730 --> 00:21:31,930
982
+ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ุฃู†ุง ุจูƒูˆู† ุฎู„ุตุช ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู€ arterial blood supply
983
+
984
+ 254
985
+ 00:21:31,930 --> 00:21:36,290
986
+ ุจุถู„ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ูƒุงู… slide ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู€ cerebral dural
987
+
988
+ 255
989
+ 00:21:36,290 --> 00:21:40,950
990
+ venous sinuses ุงู„ู€ dural venous sinuses ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู…
991
+
992
+ 256
993
+ 00:21:40,950 --> 00:21:46,170
994
+ cerebral sinuses ู‡ู… ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† cavity ุฃูˆ channels
995
+
996
+ 257
997
+ 00:21:47,290 --> 00:21:50,770
998
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุจูŠู† the two layers of the dura mater in
999
+
1000
+ 258
1001
+ 00:21:50,770 --> 00:21:56,110
1002
+ the brain ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู†
1003
+
1004
+ 259
1005
+ 00:21:56,110 --> 00:21:59,510
1006
+ ุจูŠู† the two layers of the dura mater in the
1007
+
1008
+ 260
1009
+ 00:21:59,510 --> 00:22:00,810
1010
+ brain ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุจูŠู† the two layers of the
1011
+
1012
+ 261
1013
+ 00:22:00,810 --> 00:22:03,610
1014
+ dura mater in the brain ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุจูŠู† the two
1015
+
1016
+ 262
1017
+ 00:22:03,610 --> 00:22:05,530
1018
+ layers of the dura mater in the brain ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู†
1019
+
1020
+ 263
1021
+ 00:22:05,530 --> 00:22:05,770
1022
+ ุจูŠู† the two layers of the dura mater in the
1023
+
1024
+ 264
1025
+ 00:22:05,770 --> 00:22:07,010
1026
+ brain ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุจูŠู† the two layers of the
1027
+
1028
+ 265
1029
+ 00:22:07,010 --> 00:22:08,130
1030
+ dura mater in the brain ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุจูŠู† the two
1031
+
1032
+ 266
1033
+ 00:22:08,130 --> 00:22:09,330
1034
+ layers of the dura mater in the brain ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู†
1035
+
1036
+ 267
1037
+ 00:22:09,330 --> 00:22:10,590
1038
+ ุจูŠู† the two layers of the dura mater in the
1039
+
1040
+ 268
1041
+ 00:22:10,590 --> 00:22:11,870
1042
+ brain ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุจูŠู† the two layers of the
1043
+
1044
+ 269
1045
+ 00:22:11,870 --> 00:22:12,750
1046
+ dura mater in the brain ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุจูŠู† the two
1047
+
1048
+ 270
1049
+ 00:22:12,750 --> 00:22:14,010
1050
+ layers of the dura mater in the brain ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู†
1051
+
1052
+ 271
1053
+ 00:22:14,010 --> 00:22:14,130
1054
+ ุจูŠู† the two layers of the dura mater in the
1055
+
1056
+ 272
1057
+ 00:22:14,130 --> 00:22:14,150
1058
+ brain ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุจูŠู† the two layers of the
1059
+
1060
+ 273
1061
+ 00:22:14,150 --> 00:22:16,300
1062
+ dura mater in the ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ู€ venous blood
1063
+
1064
+ 274
1065
+ 00:22:16,300 --> 00:22:19,620
1066
+ ู„ู„ุฏูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู€ venous sinusesุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ internal and
1067
+
1068
+ 275
1069
+ 00:22:19,620 --> 00:22:23,780
1070
+ external veins of the brain ู…ู† ุฃูˆุฑุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ุซุงู†ูŠุง
1071
+
1072
+ 276
1073
+ 00:22:23,780 --> 00:22:27,480
1074
+ ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ู€ cerebrospinal fluid CSF ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
1075
+
1076
+ 277
1077
+ 00:22:27,480 --> 00:22:31,260
1078
+ subarachnoid space ู…ู† ุงู„ุณุญุงูŠุง ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ arachnoid
1079
+
1080
+ 278
1081
+ 00:22:31,260 --> 00:22:34,520
1082
+ villi and arachnoid granulation ู‚ู„ุชู„ูƒูˆุง
1083
+
1084
+ 279
1085
+ 00:22:34,520 --> 00:22:38,710
1086
+ granulation microscopic ูˆ villi microscopic ูˆ
1087
+
1088
+ 280
1089
+ 00:22:38,710 --> 00:22:43,410
1090
+ finally ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ู€ sinuses ุจูŠุณู„ู…ูˆุง ุงู„ู€ venous blood
1091
+
1092
+ 281
1093
+ 00:22:43,410 --> 00:22:48,550
1094
+ ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู€ internal jugular ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง three single
1095
+
1096
+ 282
1097
+ 00:22:48,550 --> 00:22:52,850
1098
+ sinuses ูˆ six paired sinuses ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ single
1099
+
1100
+ 283
1101
+ 00:22:52,850 --> 00:22:55,730
1102
+ sinuses ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ right cerebral hemisphere
1103
+
1104
+ 284
1105
+ 00:22:55,730 --> 00:22:59,530
1106
+ ูˆู„ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ left ู…ุฏุงู… ู‡ู… single okay ู‡ู… ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง
1107
+
1108
+ 285
1109
+ 00:22:59,530 --> 00:23:02,690
1110
+ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุชุตู ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ right ูˆุงู„ู€ left ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ
1111
+
1112
+ 286
1113
+ 00:23:02,690 --> 00:23:06,150
1114
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ูุฑุฏูŠ ู…ุด ุฒูˆุฌูŠ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุฒูˆุฌูŠ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€
1115
+
1116
+ 287
1117
+ 00:23:06,150 --> 00:23:08,550
1118
+ right ูˆููŠ ุงู„ู€ left ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ูุฑุฏูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ
1119
+
1120
+ 288
1121
+ 00:23:08,550 --> 00:23:15,190
1122
+ ุงู„ู…ู†ุชุตู ู…ู† ู‡ู… ุงู„ู€ single venous sinusesุŸ superior
1123
+
1124
+ 289
1125
+ 00:23:15,190 --> 00:23:20,750
1126
+ sagittal sinus ู‡ูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ inferior sagittal sinus ูˆ
1127
+
1128
+ 290
1129
+ 00:23:20,750 --> 00:23:25,730
1130
+ straight sinus ุฃูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ straight ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ tentorial
1131
+
1132
+ 291
1133
+ 00:23:29,390 --> 00:23:35,190
1134
+ sinus tentorial sinus ุฃูˆ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ straight sinus
1135
+
1136
+ 292
1137
+ 00:23:35,190 --> 00:23:38,710
1138
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูƒุงู… ูˆุงุญุฏ ูุฑุฏูŠุŸ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉ superior and
1139
+
1140
+ 293
1141
+ 00:23:38,710 --> 00:23:40,450
1142
+ sagittal ู…ุฏุงู… ููŠ superior and sagittal ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู† ููŠ
1143
+
1144
+ 294
1145
+ 00:23:40,450 --> 00:23:45,790
1146
+ inferior and sagittal ุซู„ุงุซุฉ straight sinus ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
1147
+
1148
+ 295
1149
+ 00:23:45,790 --> 00:23:49,310
1150
+ superior
1151
+
1152
+ 296
1153
+ 00:23:49,310 --> 00:23:55,790
1154
+ sagittal sinus ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ inferior sagittal sinus ูˆู‡ูŠ
1155
+
1156
+ 297
1157
+ 00:23:55,790 --> 00:24:01,110
1158
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ straight sinus ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ tentorial sinus ุนุดุงู†
1159
+
1160
+ 298
1161
+ 00:24:01,110 --> 00:24:05,330
1162
+ ุฌุงูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ tentorium cerebelli ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ูุฑุฏูŠ
1163
+
1164
+ 299
1165
+ 00:24:05,330 --> 00:24:11,470
1166
+ superior sagittal inferior sagittal ูˆ straight sinus
1167
+
1168
+ 300
1169
+ 00:24:11,470 --> 00:24:17,370
1170
+ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุงู„ู€ coronal cut ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ superior
1171
+
1172
+ 301
1173
+ 00:24:17,370 --> 00:24:22,370
1174
+ sagittal sinus ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุจุงุฎุฏ venous blood ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ veins
1175
+
1176
+ 302
1177
+ 00:24:22,370 --> 00:24:26,210
1178
+ ูˆุจุงุฎุฏ CSF ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ arachnoid granulation ูˆ
1179
+
1180
+ 303
1181
+ 00:24:26,210 --> 00:24:30,150
1182
+ arachnoid villi ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ subarachnoid space ุจุงุฎุฏ CSF
1183
+
1184
+ 304
1185
+ 00:24:30,150 --> 00:24:35,670
1186
+ ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ู†ุฏูŠ ู‡ู†ุง superior sagittal sinus ููŠ ุงู„ู€
1187
+
1188
+ 305
1189
+ 00:24:35,670 --> 00:24:45,730
1190
+ coronal cut ูˆุชุญุช inferior sagittal sinus ุงู„ุขู†
1191
+
1192
+ 306
1193
+ 00:24:45,730 --> 00:24:50,350
1194
+ ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ู€ paired sinuses ุงูŠุด paired sinuses ูŠุนู†ูŠุŸ
1195
+
1196
+ 307
1197
+ 00:24:50,350 --> 00:24:55,250
1198
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฒูˆุฌูŠ Right ูˆ Left ููŠ transverse ุฃูˆ lateral
1199
+
1200
+ 308
1201
+ 00:24:55,250 --> 00:25:00,030
1202
+ sinus Right ูˆ Left ููŠ sigmoid sinus Right ูˆ Left
1203
+
1204
+ 309
1205
+ 00:25:00,030 --> 00:25:04,690
1206
+ ููŠ cavernous sinus Right ูˆ Left superior petrosal
1207
+
1208
+ 310
1209
+ 00:25:04,690 --> 00:25:08,790
1210
+ sinus Right ูˆ Left inferior petrosal sinus Right ูˆ
1211
+
1212
+ 311
1213
+ 00:25:08,790 --> 00:25:14,490
1214
+ Left ูˆ sphenoparietal sinus Right ูˆ Left ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุงุถุญ
1215
+
1216
+ 312
1217
+ 00:25:14,490 --> 00:25:25,500
1218
+ ุนู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ transverse sinus ุฃูˆ lateral sinus ู‡ู†ุง
1219
+
1220
+ 313
1221
+ 00:25:25,500 --> 00:25:29,700
1222
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ cavernous sinus ููŠ Right ูˆููŠ Left ู‡ุฐุง
1223
+
1224
+ 314
1225
+ 00:25:29,700 --> 00:25:33,440
1226
+ superior petrosal sinus ู‡ู†ุง inferior petrosal
1227
+
1228
+ 315
1229
+ 00:25:33,440 --> 00:25:37,180
1230
+ sinus ูˆุชุญุช ู‡ู†ุง ุชุญุช ุงู„ู€ tentorium ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ
1231
+
1232
+ 316
1233
+ 00:25:37,180 --> 00:25:41,060
1234
+ sigmoid sinus
1235
+
1236
+ 317
1237
+ 00:25:48,740 --> 00:25:51,060
1238
+ ุงู„ู€ cavernous sinus ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ ูƒู„ู…ุชูŠู† ู…ุฑุฉ ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ูƒุซูŠุฑ
1239
+
1240
+ 318
1241
+ 00:25:51,060 --> 00:25:53,980
1242
+ cavernous sinus ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ cavernous sinus ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง
1243
+
1244
+ 319
1245
+ 00:25:53,980 --> 00:25:57,900
1246
+ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠู‡ structures ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠู‡ cranial nerves
1247
+
1248
+ 320
1249
+ 00:25:57,900 --> 00:26:02,380
1250
+ ูˆ artery ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠู‡ oculomotor nerve ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠู‡
1251
+
1252
+ 321
1253
+ 00:26:02,380 --> 00:26:07,190
1254
+ trochlear nerve ูˆุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠู‡ abducens nerve ูˆุบูŠุฑ ู‡ูŠูƒ
1255
+
1256
+ 322
1257
+ 00:26:07,190 --> 00:26:11,110
1258
+ ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ophthalmic and maxillary branch of the
1259
+
1260
+ 323
1261
+ 00:26:11,110 --> 00:26:16,010
1262
+ trigeminal nerve ูˆูƒู…ุงู† ุจูŠู…ุฑ internal carotid
1263
+
1264
+ 324
1265
+ 00:26:16,010 --> 00:26:21,370
1266
+ artery ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ูƒุงููŠุฑู†ุณ ุณุงูŠู†ูŠุณ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ูƒุงููŠุฑู†ุณ
1267
+
1268
+ 325
1269
+ 00:26:21,370 --> 00:26:26,970
1270
+ ุณุงูŠู†ูŠุณ ู†ุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ู€ right cavernous sinus ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ right
1271
+
1272
+ 326
1273
+ 00:26:26,970 --> 00:26:34,650
1274
+ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ left ููŠู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุจุชูŠูˆุชุฑู‰ ุฌู„ุงู†ุฏ ุงู„ุบุฏุฉ ุงู„ู†ุฎุงู…ูŠุฉ ููŠ
1275
+
1276
+ 327
1277
+ 00:26:34,650 --> 00:26:38,850
1278
+ ุงู„ู€ cavernous sinus ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lateral wall ุงู„ุนุตุจ
1279
+
1280
+ 328
1281
+ 00:26:38,850 --> 00:26:43,130
1282
+ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ oculomotor ุชุญุชู‡ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน trochlear ูˆ
1283
+
1284
+ 329
1285
+ 00:26:43,130 --> 00:26:47,170
1286
+ ูƒู…ุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lower lateral ุจูŠู…ุฑ ุงู„ู€ ophthalmic branch
1287
+
1288
+ 330
1289
+ 00:26:47,170 --> 00:26:51,930
1290
+ ุจุชุงุน ุงูŠุดุŸ trigeminal nerve ูˆ maxillary branch ุจุชุงุน
1291
+
1292
+ 331
1293
+ 00:26:51,930 --> 00:26:56,470
1294
+ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ trigeminal nerve ูˆููŠ ุงู„ู€ medial wall ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
1295
+
1296
+ 332
1297
+ 00:26:56,470 --> 00:26:59,890
1298
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ internal carotid artery ูˆุชุญุช ุงู„ู€ internal
1299
+
1300
+ 333
1301
+ 00:26:59,890 --> 00:27:03,670
1302
+ carotid artery ุจูŠูƒูˆู† abducens nerve ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงูŠู‡
1303
+
1304
+ 334
1305
+ 00:27:03,670 --> 00:27:06,470
1306
+ ุงู„ุณุงุฏุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ู… ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡
1307
+
1308
+ 335
1309
+ 00:27:06,470 --> 00:27:14,870
1310
+ cranial nerve ู‡ุงูŠ
1311
+
1312
+ 336
1313
+ 00:27:14,870 --> 00:27:17,610
1314
+ ูˆุงุถุญ ุฃู†ุฏูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ู†ุง superior sagittal sinus
1315
+
1316
+ 337
1317
+ 00:27:17,610 --> 00:27:22,030
1318
+ ู‡ู†ุง inferior sagittal sinus ูˆู‡ู†ุง straight sinus
1319
+
1320
+ 338
1321
+ 00:27:22,030 --> 00:27:25,950
1322
+ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ูุฑุฏูŠ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ูุฑุฏูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
1323
+
1324
+ 339
1325
+ 00:27:25,950 --> 00:27:30,830
1326
+ cavernous sinus superior petrosal sinus, inferior petrosal
1327
+
1328
+ 340
1329
+ 00:27:30,830 --> 00:27:36,230
1330
+ sinus, transverse sinus ุฃูˆ lateral sinus, sigmoid
1331
+
1332
+ 341
1333
+ 00:27:36,230 --> 00:27:39,230
1334
+ sinusุŒ ุงู„ู€ sigmoid sinus ุจูŠุณู„ู… ูƒู„ู‡ุŒ ูƒู„ู‡ู… ุจูŠุณู„ู…ูˆุง ู„ู€
1335
+
1336
+ 342
1337
+ 00:27:39,230 --> 00:27:42,130
1338
+ sigmoid sinusุŒ ูˆุงู„ู€ sigmoid sinus ุจูŠุณู„ู… ุงู„ู€ blood ุงู„ู€
1339
+
1340
+ 343
1341
+ 00:27:42,130 --> 00:27:45,690
1342
+ venous blood ู„ู€ internal jugular ููŠ ููŠู†ุŸ ููŠ
1343
+
1344
+ 344
1345
+ 00:27:45,690 --> 00:27:49,210
1346
+ occipital sinus ุฃูˆ ููŠ other sinusesุŒ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ู‡ูŠูƒ
1347
+
1348
+ 345
1349
+ 00:27:49,210 --> 00:27:54,730
1350
+ ุจูŠูƒููˆุง ู„ุดุฑุญ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ slide ู‡ุฐุง ุจูƒูˆู† ูˆุตู„ุช
1351
+
1352
+ 346
1353
+ 00:27:54,730 --> 00:27:58,630
1354
+ ู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ blood supply of the
1355
+
1356
+ 347
1357
+ 00:27:58,630 --> 00:28:02,810
1358
+ brain and venous drainage of the brain ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุงู„ู€
1359
+
1360
+ 348
1361
+ 00:28:02,810 --> 00:28:06,350
1362
+ ุนุงููŠุฉ ูˆุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‚ุงุก ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชูƒู„ู…
1363
+
1364
+ 349
1365
+ 00:28:06,350 --> 00:28:09,330
1366
+ ุนู„ู‰ anatomy of the spinal cord
PL9fwy3NUQKwYBFfMQ7WkgiguUA_8aXeXd/U7EAhoTGhq4_postprocess.srt ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,1396 @@
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1
+ 1
2
+ 00:00:04,940 --> 00:00:09,260
3
+ ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ู‡ูˆ
4
+
5
+ 2
6
+ 00:00:09,260 --> 00:00:16,800
7
+ vertebro basilar system vertebro basilar system ู…ู†
8
+
9
+ 3
10
+ 00:00:16,800 --> 00:00:20,360
11
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ vertebro ู†ุงุชุฌ ุนู† ุงู„ vertebral artery basilar
12
+
13
+ 4
14
+ 00:00:20,360 --> 00:00:25,480
15
+ basilar artery ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ vertebral artery ุงู„ origin
16
+
17
+ 5
18
+ 00:00:25,480 --> 00:00:28,600
19
+ of vertebral artery ุนู†ุฏูŠ right and left vertebral
20
+
21
+ 6
22
+ 00:00:28,600 --> 00:00:34,550
23
+ artery ุงู„ origin ุชุจุนู‡ู… each vertebral arteryarise
24
+
25
+ 7
26
+ 00:00:34,550 --> 00:00:41,130
27
+ from the first part of subclavian artery ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูƒู„
28
+
29
+ 8
30
+ 00:00:41,130 --> 00:00:45,530
31
+ vertebral artery ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ first part of
32
+
33
+ 9
34
+ 00:00:45,530 --> 00:00:49,430
35
+ subclavian artery ุทุจ ุฅูŠุด ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ first part of
36
+
37
+ 10
38
+ 00:00:49,430 --> 00:00:54,870
39
+ subclavian arteryุŸ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุนู†ุฏูŠุŸ subclavian artery
40
+
41
+ 11
42
+ 00:00:54,870 --> 00:01:03,220
43
+ subclavian arteryุงู„ูˆ three part ุงูˆู„ part ุงุณู…ู‡
44
+
45
+ 12
46
+ 00:01:03,220 --> 00:01:15,040
47
+ first ูˆ ุซุงู†ูŠ part second ูˆ third ู‡ุงุฏ ุงุณู…ู‡ anterior
48
+
49
+ 13
50
+ 00:01:15,040 --> 00:01:21,740
51
+ scalene muscle ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูŠุฏูŠุง ู„ู„ anterior
52
+
53
+ 14
54
+ 00:01:21,740 --> 00:01:28,140
55
+ scalene muscle ุงุณู…ู‡ ุงูŠู‡ first part ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ
56
+
57
+ 15
58
+ 00:01:28,140 --> 00:01:32,700
59
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฎู„ูู‡ุงุงุณู…ู‡ second part ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
60
+
61
+ 16
62
+ 00:01:32,700 --> 00:01:38,380
63
+ lateral third part ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุจุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ vertebral
64
+
65
+ 17
66
+ 00:01:38,380 --> 00:01:44,420
67
+ artery ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† first part of subclavian artery
68
+
69
+ 18
70
+ 00:01:44,420 --> 00:01:50,240
71
+ first part of subclavian artery ุทูŠุจ course of
72
+
73
+ 19
74
+ 00:01:50,240 --> 00:01:55,240
75
+ vertebral artery ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง from the first part of
76
+
77
+ 20
78
+ 00:01:55,240 --> 00:01:58,040
79
+ subclavian artery ุจุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ vertebral artery ุงู„
80
+
81
+ 21
82
+ 00:01:58,040 --> 00:02:03,660
83
+ right ูˆ ุงู„ leftpass upward ุจูŠุตุนุฏ ู„ู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุจูŠููˆุช ููŠ
84
+
85
+ 22
86
+ 00:02:03,660 --> 00:02:09,540
87
+ ุงู„ transverse foramina of upper six cervical
88
+
89
+ 23
90
+ 00:02:09,540 --> 00:02:17,320
91
+ vertebra ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠููˆุชู†ุง ููŠ foramin magnumascend
92
+
93
+ 24
94
+ 00:02:17,320 --> 00:02:22,360
95
+ upward ุจูŠุตุนุฏ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† media ู„ุงู† in front of the
96
+
97
+ 25
98
+ 00:02:22,360 --> 00:02:26,620
99
+ medulla ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชู‡ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ course of the
100
+
101
+ 26
102
+ 00:02:26,620 --> 00:02:30,980
103
+ vertebral artery ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุชูุฌู†ุง ุงู†ู‡ vertebral artery
104
+
105
+ 27
106
+ 00:02:30,980 --> 00:02:36,020
107
+ emerges from first part of subclavian artery then
108
+
109
+ 28
110
+ 00:02:36,020 --> 00:02:39,780
111
+ ascend ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠุตุนุฏ upward ูˆูŠู† ุจูŠููˆุช ููŠ ุงู„
112
+
113
+ 29
114
+ 00:02:39,780 --> 00:02:43,700
115
+ transverse foramina of the upper sex cervical
116
+
117
+ 30
118
+ 00:02:43,700 --> 00:02:49,060
119
+ vertebra ุจุนุฏุจููˆุช ููŠ forum in magnum as two
120
+
121
+ 31
122
+ 00:02:49,060 --> 00:02:52,640
123
+ vertebral arty ุจูŠุตุนุฏูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ media service ูˆ ุงู„
124
+
125
+ 32
126
+ 00:02:52,640 --> 00:02:57,400
127
+ frontal service of medulla oblongata at the lower
128
+
129
+ 33
130
+ 00:02:57,400 --> 00:03:01,000
131
+ border of the pons ููŠ ุงู„ lower border of ุงู„ pons
132
+
133
+ 34
134
+ 00:03:01,000 --> 00:03:04,780
135
+ ุงูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ upper border of medulla oblongata ูŠุนู†ูŠ
136
+
137
+ 35
138
+ 00:03:04,780 --> 00:03:07,440
139
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุญุฏูˆุฏ ุงู„ medulla oblongata ู…ุน ุงู„ pons ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ
140
+
141
+ 36
142
+ 00:03:07,440 --> 00:03:11,900
143
+ ุนู†ู‡ุงุŸุจุชุญุถูˆุง ุงู„ two vertebral arteries ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุนุดุงู†
144
+
145
+ 37
146
+ 00:03:11,900 --> 00:03:16,520
147
+ ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ู‡ุง single artery ุงุณู…ู‡ Basilar artery ู„ุฐู„ูƒ
148
+
149
+ 38
150
+ 00:03:16,520 --> 00:03:19,940
151
+ ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง vertebro basilar system ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ two
152
+
153
+ 39
154
+ 00:03:19,940 --> 00:03:26,080
155
+ vertebral arteries ู‡ุงูŠ ู‡ู… ุจุชุญุถูˆุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ูˆ
156
+
157
+ 40
158
+ 00:03:26,080 --> 00:03:29,820
159
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ู‡ุง ุงูŠู‡
160
+
161
+ 41
162
+ 00:03:29,820 --> 00:03:36,480
163
+ ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู†ุฏูŠ ูˆุงุถุญุงู† two vertebral arteries ุจุชุญุถูˆุง ู…ุน
164
+
165
+ 42
166
+ 00:03:36,480 --> 00:03:43,650
167
+ ุจุนุถูˆูƒูˆู‘ู†ูˆู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ one ู‡ุฐุง left vertebral artery ูˆ
168
+
169
+ 43
170
+ 00:03:43,650 --> 00:03:47,590
171
+ ู‡ุฐุง right vertebral artery ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ Basilar
172
+
173
+ 44
174
+ 00:03:47,590 --> 00:03:53,850
175
+ artery ููŠ ุงู„ system ู‡ุฐุง ุณู…ูˆู‡ vertebro basilar A
176
+
177
+ 45
178
+ 00:03:53,850 --> 00:03:59,610
179
+ system vertebro basilar system ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„
180
+
181
+ 46
182
+ 00:03:59,610 --> 00:04:02,150
183
+ origin ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ ..
184
+
185
+ 47
186
+ 00:04:05,560 --> 00:04:08,860
187
+ Vertebral artery ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ first part of
188
+
189
+ 48
190
+ 00:04:08,860 --> 00:04:14,160
191
+ subclavian artery ุงูŠูˆู‡ ุฎุฑุฌ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ vertebral
192
+
193
+ 49
194
+ 00:04:14,160 --> 00:04:20,720
195
+ artery Vertebral artery ู‚ู„ู†ุง
196
+
197
+ 50
198
+ 00:04:20,720 --> 00:04:24,880
199
+ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ first part of subclavian artery ู‡ู†ุง
200
+
201
+ 51
202
+ 00:04:24,880 --> 00:04:29,200
203
+ ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู„ vertebral artery ุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ first part of
204
+
205
+ 52
206
+ 00:04:29,200 --> 00:04:34,270
207
+ subclavian artery ูุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ู‚ุจุฑ 6Cervical Vertebra
208
+
209
+ 53
210
+ 00:04:34,270 --> 00:04:39,970
211
+ ููŠ ุงู„ Transverse Foramen ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุจูŠููˆุช ููŠ Foramen
212
+
213
+ 54
214
+ 00:04:39,970 --> 00:04:45,390
215
+ Magnum ุจูŠุตู„ูˆุง ู„ู„ lower border of the pons ุฃูˆ ุงู„
216
+
217
+ 55
218
+ 00:04:45,390 --> 00:04:48,990
219
+ upper border of Medulla Blangata ูˆุจูŠุชุญุฏูˆุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถ
220
+
221
+ 56
222
+ 00:04:48,990 --> 00:04:52,570
223
+ right vertebral artery ู…ุน ุงู„ left ูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู† a
224
+
225
+ 57
226
+ 00:04:52,570 --> 00:04:57,970
227
+ single artery is Basilar Artery ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
228
+
229
+ 58
230
+ 00:04:57,970 --> 00:05:03,470
231
+ branches of vertebral arteryูู‰ branches ุงุณู…ู‡ู…
232
+
233
+ 59
234
+ 00:05:03,470 --> 00:05:12,390
235
+ posterior spinal artery ู‡ุงู†ุฏูŠ posterior spinal
236
+
237
+ 60
238
+ 00:05:12,390 --> 00:05:21,590
239
+ artery left ูˆ right ู†ุฑุณู…ู‡ู… ุจู„ูˆู† ุซุงู†ู‰ ุจู„ูˆู† ุซุงู†ู‰
240
+
241
+ 61
242
+ 00:05:21,590 --> 00:05:24,930
243
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ู… posterior
244
+
245
+ 62
246
+ 00:05:30,330 --> 00:05:37,130
247
+ Spinal artery ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ left posterior spinal artery
248
+
249
+ 63
250
+ 00:05:37,130 --> 00:05:44,010
251
+ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠู‡ right posterior spinal artery ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
252
+
253
+ 64
254
+ 00:05:44,010 --> 00:05:46,570
255
+ ุงูˆู„ branches posterior spinal artery ุฑุงุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู…
256
+
257
+ 65
258
+ 00:05:46,570 --> 00:05:50,350
259
+ ุนู†ู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงุณุจูˆุน ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…
260
+
261
+ 66
262
+ 00:05:50,350 --> 00:05:57,110
263
+ ููŠ ุงู„ anatomy of spinal cord ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ two
264
+
265
+ 67
266
+ 00:05:58,470 --> 00:06:03,790
267
+ Anterior Spinal Arteries ุจุงู„ุชุญุฏูŠ ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ู‡ุง
268
+
269
+ 68
270
+ 00:06:03,790 --> 00:06:10,510
271
+ Single Anterior Spinal Artery ูƒู…
272
+
273
+ 69
274
+ 00:06:10,510 --> 00:06:16,150
275
+ Anterior Spinal ArteryุŸ two ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุงู„ origin ุงู„
276
+
277
+ 70
278
+ 00:06:16,150 --> 00:06:24,150
279
+ origin ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ left Anterior Spinal Artery ุชู…ุงู… ุงูˆ
280
+
281
+ 71
282
+ 00:06:24,150 --> 00:06:27,970
283
+ ู‡ู†ุง origin right
284
+
285
+ 72
286
+ 00:06:28,710 --> 00:06:31,950
287
+ anterior spinal artery ุงุซู†ูŠู† ูŠุชุญุฏูˆุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถ
288
+
289
+ 73
290
+ 00:06:31,950 --> 00:06:38,230
291
+ ูˆุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู† ุงูŠู‡ single ุงู„ู‡ anterior spinal artery
292
+
293
+ 74
294
+ 00:06:38,230 --> 00:06:41,150
295
+ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ูŠุชุญุฏูˆุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ูƒุงู… anterior spinal
296
+
297
+ 75
298
+ 00:06:41,150 --> 00:06:46,270
299
+ artery single one one ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงูŠู‡ anterior spinal
300
+
301
+ 76
302
+ 00:06:46,270 --> 00:06:50,570
303
+ artery ูˆุฑุญ ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
304
+
305
+ 77
306
+ 00:06:50,570 --> 00:06:56,090
307
+ spinal cord anatomyุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ูุน ุฃุฎุฏ ุฑุงุชุจ ูˆ ุฃุฑูˆุญ ุจูŠุชูŠ
308
+
309
+ 78
310
+ 00:06:56,090 --> 00:07:00,330
311
+ ู„ุงุฒู… ุฃู…ูŠู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู‡ู„ ูˆ ุฃุนุทูŠู‡ู… ู„ุงุฒู… ุฃุฏูุน ุฏุฑูŠุจุฉ ูˆ
312
+
313
+ 79
314
+ 00:07:00,330 --> 00:07:03,690
315
+ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ูˆ ููŠุฑุชุจุฑุฉ ุงู„ุงุฑุซ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู…ุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ
316
+
317
+ 80
318
+ 00:07:03,690 --> 00:07:07,310
319
+ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠุนุทูŠ ุฏุฑูŠุจุฉ ุฏุฑูŠุจุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑูˆุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
320
+
321
+ 81
322
+ 00:07:07,310 --> 00:07:10,690
323
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุงูŠู‡ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุงุฑูŠ branches ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ุตุบุงุฑ ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ู…
324
+
325
+ 82
326
+ 00:07:10,690 --> 00:07:14,810
327
+ ุงุณู…ู‡ู… ุงูŠู‡ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุงุฑูŠ branches ุจุบุถ ุงู„ media part of
328
+
329
+ 83
330
+ 00:07:14,810 --> 00:07:17,890
331
+ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุจู„ุงู†ุฌุงุชุง ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ุตุบุงุฑ ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ู… ุงุณู…ู‡ู…
332
+
333
+ 84
334
+ 00:07:17,890 --> 00:07:22,670
335
+ ุงูŠู‡ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุงุฑูŠ branches
336
+
337
+ 85
338
+ 00:07:24,540 --> 00:07:31,880
339
+ ูˆููŠ ุดุฑูŠุงู† ูƒุจูŠุฑ right and left ุงุณู…ู‡ posterior
340
+
341
+ 86
342
+ 00:07:31,880 --> 00:07:40,160
343
+ inferior cerebellar artery left baica ูˆ right
344
+
345
+ 87
346
+ 00:07:40,160 --> 00:07:47,740
347
+ baica ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ branches of ุงู„ vertebral
348
+
349
+ 88
350
+ 00:07:47,740 --> 00:07:52,700
351
+ arteryPosterior Spinal Arteries, Anterior Spinal
352
+
353
+ 89
354
+ 00:07:52,700 --> 00:07:57,500
355
+ Artery, Medullary Branches ูˆ Left Posterior
356
+
357
+ 90
358
+ 00:07:57,500 --> 00:08:00,500
359
+ Inferior Cerebellar Artery ู„ูˆ ุณุฃู„ู†ุง ุณุคุงู„ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„
360
+
361
+ 91
362
+ 00:08:00,500 --> 00:08:03,860
363
+ largest branchุŸ largest branch ุจุงูŠูƒุง ุงู„ posterior
364
+
365
+ 92
366
+ 00:08:03,860 --> 00:08:06,560
367
+ inferior cerebellar artery it is the largest
368
+
369
+ 93
370
+ 00:08:06,560 --> 00:08:14,720
371
+ branch of a vertebral arteryู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ Pica ุฃูˆ
372
+
373
+ 94
374
+ 00:08:14,720 --> 00:08:17,340
375
+ posterior inferior cerebellar arteryุŒ it is the
376
+
377
+ 95
378
+ 00:08:17,340 --> 00:08:20,700
379
+ largest branch of ุงู„ูˆุฑุชุจุฑุฉ ุงู„ุงุฑุชุฑูŠุŒ supplies
380
+
381
+ 96
382
+ 00:08:20,700 --> 00:08:27,330
383
+ posterior partof inferior cervix of cerebellum ู…ู†
384
+
385
+ 97
386
+ 00:08:27,330 --> 00:08:30,870
387
+ ู‡ู†ุง ุงุณู…ู‡ posterior inferior cerebellar artery ูˆ
388
+
389
+ 98
390
+ 00:08:30,870 --> 00:08:35,970
391
+ ุจูŠุบุฏู‰ ุฏูˆุฑุณู‡ ุฃูˆ posterior lateral part of ู…ุถู„ุฉ ุฒุงุฏ
392
+
393
+ 99
394
+ 00:08:35,970 --> 00:08:40,390
395
+ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง a branch ู„ุงู„choroidal plexus of fourth
396
+
397
+ 100
398
+ 00:08:40,390 --> 00:08:43,430
399
+ ventricle ุงุชูุงู‚ู†ุง ุงู„ choroidal plexus ู…ู† ุงู„
400
+
401
+ 101
402
+ 00:08:43,430 --> 00:08:46,690
403
+ lateral ูˆุงู„third ุจุงุฎุฏู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ anterior choroidal
404
+
405
+ 102
406
+ 00:08:46,690 --> 00:08:50,930
407
+ artery of internal carotid ูˆ ุงู„ choroidal plexus
408
+
409
+ 103
410
+ 00:08:50,930 --> 00:08:55,930
411
+ ููŠ ุงู„ fourth ventricle ุจุงุฎุฏู‡ ู…ู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸุงู„ู€ posterior
412
+
413
+ 104
414
+ 00:08:55,930 --> 00:08:59,310
415
+ inferior cerebellar artery ูˆู‡ู†ุง ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉ ู†ุฑุณู…ู‡ู…
416
+
417
+ 105
418
+ 00:08:59,310 --> 00:09:08,350
419
+ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู†ูˆุถุญู‡ู… ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ุงุชู†ูŠู† anterior spinal
420
+
421
+ 106
422
+ 00:09:08,350 --> 00:09:13,330
423
+ origin ุชุจุนู‡ู… ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู† single anterior spinal
424
+
425
+ 107
426
+ 00:09:13,330 --> 00:09:19,650
427
+ artery ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ two posterior spinal artery ููŠ
428
+
429
+ 108
430
+ 00:09:19,650 --> 00:09:25,300
431
+ ุจุงูŠูƒุงุงู„ู„ูŠุจูˆุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆู†ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุฑูŠุจูŠู„ุฑ ุขุฑุชุฑูŠ ูˆุงุฎุฑ ุดุฆ ููŠ
432
+
433
+ 109
434
+ 00:09:25,300 --> 00:09:29,400
435
+ ุนู†ุฏ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุงุฑูŠ ุจุฑุงู†ุดุฒ ู…ูŠุฏุงู„ุงุฑูŠ ุจุฑุงู†ุดุฒ ู‡ุงู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ
436
+
437
+ 110
438
+ 00:09:29,400 --> 00:09:40,020
439
+ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฑุจู…ุง ุฃุชุฑูƒูˆุง ู…ุนุงู‡ู… ูˆุงุถุญูŠู† ุฃูƒุชุฑ ูƒุจุฑุชู‡ุง ุจุฒู„ุฑ
440
+
441
+ 111
442
+ 00:09:40,020 --> 00:09:44,440
443
+ ุขุฑุชุฑูŠ ู‡ู„ุฃ ุงุชุญุฏูˆุง ุชู„ูˆ ุงู„ุงุฑุชุฑูŠ ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ู‡ุงูŠ ู‡ู…
444
+
445
+ 112
446
+ 00:09:44,440 --> 00:09:53,890
447
+ ูˆูƒูˆู‘ู†ูˆู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ุจุงุฒูŠู„ุงุฑ ุขุฑุชุฑูŠ ูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ุง ุงูŠู‡ ุจุงุฒูŠู„ุงุฑ ุขุฑุชุฑูŠ
448
+
449
+ 113
450
+ 00:09:53,890 --> 00:09:59,350
451
+ ุจุงุฒูŠู„ุงุฑ
452
+
453
+ 114
454
+ 00:09:59,350 --> 00:10:07,430
455
+ ุขุฑุชุฑูŠ ุงู„ุจุงุฒูŠู„ุงุฑ ุขุฑุชุฑูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงูŠู‡ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
456
+
457
+ 115
458
+ 00:10:07,430 --> 00:10:11,530
459
+ union between the two vertebral arteries ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ
460
+
461
+ 116
462
+ 00:10:11,530 --> 00:10:16,320
463
+ ุนู† ุงุชุญุงุฏ ุจูŠู† ุงูŠู‡ two vertebral arteriesat the
464
+
465
+ 117
466
+ 00:10:16,320 --> 00:10:20,220
467
+ lower border of the pons by the union of the two
468
+
469
+ 118
470
+ 00:10:20,220 --> 00:10:24,440
471
+ vertebral arteries ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ู…ูŠู† ุจุฒู„ุฑ ุขุฑุชุฑูŠ and it
472
+
473
+ 119
474
+ 00:10:24,440 --> 00:10:29,260
475
+ ascends along to the basilary grooveุŒ ู…ุชุฐูƒุฑูŠู† ุงู„
476
+
477
+ 120
478
+ 00:10:29,260 --> 00:10:32,380
479
+ ponsุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ ventral surface of the ponsุŒ ุฅูŠุด ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง
480
+
481
+ 121
482
+ 00:10:32,380 --> 00:10:35,680
483
+ ููŠู‡ุŸ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง basilary groove ุจูŠู…ูˆุฑ ููŠู‡ุง ุจุฒู„ุฑ
484
+
485
+ 122
486
+ 00:10:35,680 --> 00:10:40,660
487
+ ุขุฑุชุฑูŠ terminationุŒ ูˆูŠู† ุจู†ุชู‡ูŠุŸat the upper border
488
+
489
+ 123
490
+ 00:10:40,660 --> 00:10:48,960
491
+ of the pons by dividing two terminal branches
492
+
493
+ 124
494
+ 00:10:48,960 --> 00:10:52,080
495
+ posterior cerebral artery ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ terminal
496
+
497
+ 125
498
+ 00:10:52,080 --> 00:10:59,920
499
+ branch of basilar artery ู‡ู… ุงูŠู‡ posterior cerebral
500
+
501
+ 126
502
+ 00:10:59,920 --> 00:11:05,560
503
+ artery ู‡ุงูŠ leftPosterior Cerebral Artery ูˆ ู‡ุงูŠ ุงูŠู‡
504
+
505
+ 127
506
+ 00:11:05,560 --> 00:11:12,240
507
+ Right Posterior Cerebral Artery ุชู…ุงู… Okay ุทุจ ู…ูŠู†
508
+
509
+ 128
510
+ 00:11:12,240 --> 00:11:15,480
511
+ ู‡ูˆ largest branch of Basilar Artery ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠ ู‡ูˆ
512
+
513
+ 129
514
+ 00:11:15,480 --> 00:11:21,480
515
+ Posterior Cerebral Artery branches of Basilar
516
+
517
+ 130
518
+ 00:11:21,480 --> 00:11:27,640
519
+ Artery ุฃูˆู„ branch ู†ุฑุณู…ู‡ุง ุจุงู„ู„ูˆู† ุฃุณูˆุฏ
520
+
521
+ 131
522
+ 00:11:30,510 --> 00:11:37,090
523
+ ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ู‡ูˆ large branch ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ู‰ ู‡ู…
524
+
525
+ 132
526
+ 00:11:37,090 --> 00:11:40,910
527
+ posterior spinal
528
+
529
+ 133
530
+ 00:11:40,910 --> 00:11:48,930
531
+ artery posterior
532
+
533
+ 134
534
+ 00:11:48,930 --> 00:11:56,850
535
+ spinal artery ู‡ู… large branch ู‡ุงูŠ
536
+
537
+ 135
538
+ 00:11:56,850 --> 00:12:03,880
539
+ liftPosterior Spinal Artery ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงูŠู‡ Right
540
+
541
+ 136
542
+ 00:12:03,880 --> 00:12:12,720
543
+ Posterior Spinal Artery ุงูˆู„ branch ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู…
544
+
545
+ 137
546
+ 00:12:12,720 --> 00:12:20,920
547
+ Right Aica ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Anterior Inferior Cerebellar
548
+
549
+ 138
550
+ 00:12:20,920 --> 00:12:25,080
551
+ Artery Left Aica
552
+
553
+ 139
554
+ 00:12:26,870 --> 00:12:32,850
555
+ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง auditory
556
+
557
+ 140
558
+ 00:12:32,850 --> 00:12:40,990
559
+ ุงูˆ internal auditory internal auditory artery left
560
+
561
+ 141
562
+ 00:12:40,990 --> 00:12:48,590
563
+ ูˆู‡ู†ุง right internal auditory ุงูˆ ู„ุงุจูŠุฑู†ุชูŠู† ูˆุจุนุฏู‡ุง
564
+
565
+ 142
566
+ 00:12:48,590 --> 00:12:56,130
567
+ ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ุถุฑูŠุจุฉ ู…ุฑูˆุฑ ุงุณู…ู‡ู… paramedianุงูˆ ุงุณู…ู‡ู… Pontine
568
+
569
+ 143
570
+ 00:12:56,130 --> 00:13:03,810
571
+ branches ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ุตุบุงุฑ ุงุณู…ู‡ู… ุงูŠู‡ Pontine branches ุงูˆ
572
+
573
+ 144
574
+ 00:13:03,810 --> 00:13:08,010
575
+ Paramedian ูˆ ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง posterior cerebral
576
+
577
+ 145
578
+ 00:13:08,010 --> 00:13:17,750
579
+ artery ุจุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู†ู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ superior cerebellar
580
+
581
+ 146
582
+ 00:13:17,750 --> 00:13:18,170
583
+ artery
584
+
585
+ 147
586
+ 00:13:22,860 --> 00:13:27,980
587
+ Superior Cerebellar Artery
588
+
589
+ 148
590
+ 00:13:32,430 --> 00:13:36,530
591
+ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน branches of basilar artery
592
+
593
+ 149
594
+ 00:13:36,530 --> 00:13:41,010
595
+ ุฃูˆู„ branch anterior inferior cerebellar artery ู‡ูŠู‡
596
+
597
+ 150
598
+ 00:13:41,010 --> 00:13:44,410
599
+ ู‡ู†ุง anterior inferior cerebellar artery ุฃูˆ ุขูŠูƒู‡
600
+
601
+ 151
602
+ 00:13:44,410 --> 00:13:49,570
603
+ supply the anterior and inferior surface of the
604
+
605
+ 152
606
+ 00:13:49,570 --> 00:13:51,130
607
+ cerebellum and pons
608
+
609
+ 153
610
+ 00:13:53,720 --> 00:13:58,160
611
+ internal auditory ุงูˆ labyrinthine artery ุจูŠููˆุช ู„ู„
612
+
613
+ 154
614
+ 00:13:58,160 --> 00:14:02,000
615
+ internal auditory meatus ู…ุน ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุณุงุจุน ูˆุงู„ุซุงู…ู†
616
+
617
+ 155
618
+ 00:14:02,000 --> 00:14:07,100
619
+ supply the internal ear ุจูŠุบุฏ ุงู„ุฃุฏู† ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ
620
+
621
+ 156
622
+ 00:14:07,100 --> 00:14:12,000
623
+ small paramedian ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… pontine branches supply
624
+
625
+ 157
626
+ 00:14:12,000 --> 00:14:16,600
627
+ the pons ุจูŠุบุฏูˆุง ุงู„ pons ุจุนุฏูŠู†ุจุฌูŠู†ุง superior
628
+
629
+ 158
630
+ 00:14:16,600 --> 00:14:21,120
631
+ cerebellar artery which supply the superior part
632
+
633
+ 159
634
+ 00:14:21,120 --> 00:14:26,260
635
+ of cerebellum and superior cerebellar peduncle
636
+
637
+ 160
638
+ 00:14:26,260 --> 00:14:30,380
639
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุญุช ู…ุน ุงู„ midbrain ูˆterminal branch ุงู„ูƒุจุงุฑ
640
+
641
+ 161
642
+ 00:14:30,380 --> 00:14:34,680
643
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… posterior cerebral artery ู…ู† ุงู„ุฐุงูƒุฑูŠู† ุงู„
644
+
645
+ 162
646
+ 00:14:34,680 --> 00:14:38,580
647
+ posterior cerebral artery ู‚ู„ุชู„ูƒูˆุง ุจุชุญุช ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน
648
+
649
+ 163
650
+ 00:14:39,120 --> 00:14:43,440
651
+ ุงู„ู€ Internal Carotid Artery ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ Posterior
652
+
653
+ 164
654
+ 00:14:43,440 --> 00:14:48,060
655
+ Communicating Artery ุนุดุงู† ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง Circle of Wells
656
+
657
+ 165
658
+ 00:14:48,060 --> 00:14:58,660
659
+ ุงูˆ Wells Formation ุฎูŠุงู† ุฏูŠ ุงูŠูƒุง
660
+
661
+ 166
662
+ 00:14:58,660 --> 00:15:03,280
663
+ Anterior Cerebellar Artery ู‡ุฐุง Labyrinthine Artery
664
+
665
+ 167
666
+ 00:15:03,280 --> 00:15:10,340
667
+ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ Small Paramedianู‡ู†ุง superior cerebellar
668
+
669
+ 168
670
+ 00:15:10,340 --> 00:15:14,800
671
+ artery ูˆููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ุงู„ู€ branches ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู…
672
+
673
+ 169
674
+ 00:15:14,800 --> 00:15:19,280
675
+ posterior posterior cerebral artery ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชุญุฏ ู…ุน
676
+
677
+ 170
678
+ 00:15:19,280 --> 00:15:24,120
679
+ ุงู„ internal carotid artery ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
680
+
681
+ 171
682
+ 00:15:24,120 --> 00:15:28,340
683
+ posterior communicating artery ุนุดุงู† ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆู†ุง circle
684
+
685
+ 172
686
+ 00:15:28,340 --> 00:15:36,180
687
+ of wells ุงูˆ wells formation ุงู„ุขู† ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ู„ุงู„ู€
688
+
689
+ 173
690
+ 00:15:36,180 --> 00:15:39,220
691
+ posterior cerebral artery ุญู‚ู‡ ู…ุด ู…ุงุฌุณ ุดุฑุญู†ุง
692
+
693
+ 174
694
+ 00:15:39,220 --> 00:15:42,360
695
+ anterior cerebral artery ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ูˆ ุดุฑุญู†ุง ุงู„
696
+
697
+ 175
698
+ 00:15:42,360 --> 00:15:45,120
699
+ middle cerebral artery ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ู…ู†
700
+
701
+ 176
702
+ 00:15:45,120 --> 00:15:48,320
703
+ ุงู„ internal carotid artery ู„ุฃู†ุง ุฃุดุฑุญู„ูƒู… posterior
704
+
705
+ 177
706
+ 00:15:48,320 --> 00:15:52,500
707
+ cerebral artery ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃุตู„ู‡ ุจูŠุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุจุฒู„ุฑ ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„
708
+
709
+ 178
710
+ 00:15:52,500 --> 00:15:55,910
711
+ branchIt is the terminal branch of basilar artery
712
+
713
+ 179
714
+ 00:15:55,910 --> 00:16:01,050
715
+ at the upper part of the pons connects with the
716
+
717
+ 180
718
+ 00:16:01,050 --> 00:16:05,450
719
+ ipsilateral internal carotid artery by posterior
720
+
721
+ 181
722
+ 00:16:05,450 --> 00:16:08,470
723
+ communicating artery ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ posterior cerebral
724
+
725
+ 182
726
+ 00:16:08,470 --> 00:16:12,270
727
+ artery ูƒู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงู„ right ุจุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ right internal
728
+
729
+ 183
730
+ 00:16:12,270 --> 00:16:15,870
731
+ carotid artery ูˆ ุงู„ left ุจุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ left internal
732
+
733
+ 184
734
+ 00:16:15,870 --> 00:16:19,750
735
+ carotid arteryุจูˆุงุณุทุฉ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ posterior
736
+
737
+ 185
738
+ 00:16:19,750 --> 00:16:26,670
739
+ communicating artery on each side ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุบุถูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ
740
+
741
+ 186
742
+ 00:16:26,670 --> 00:16:31,270
743
+ ู‡ูˆ posterior cerebral arteryุŸ it supplies inferior
744
+
745
+ 187
746
+ 00:16:31,270 --> 00:16:35,730
747
+ lateral part of temporal loop, occipital loop,
748
+
749
+ 188
750
+ 00:16:36,330 --> 00:16:39,930
751
+ posterior part of corpus callosum, diencephalon,
752
+
753
+ 189
754
+ 00:16:40,530 --> 00:16:45,390
755
+ midbrain ูˆchoroidal plexus of lateral and third
756
+
757
+ 190
758
+ 00:16:45,390 --> 00:16:51,110
759
+ ventricleู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ posterior cerebral
760
+
761
+ 191
762
+ 00:16:51,110 --> 00:16:54,450
763
+ artery ุจูŠุบุถูŠ ุงู„ occipital loop ูˆ ุจูŠุบุถูŠู†ุง ุงู„
764
+
765
+ 192
766
+ 00:16:54,450 --> 00:17:08,750
767
+ inferior service of temporal loop ู‡ุฐู‡
768
+
769
+ 193
770
+ 00:17:08,750 --> 00:17:14,680
771
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงุนุชุจุฑู‡ุง ุงู„ basilar arteryุงู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ู„
772
+
773
+ 194
774
+ 00:17:14,680 --> 00:17:18,220
775
+ posterior cerebral artery right left ุงูˆ left right
776
+
777
+ 195
778
+ 00:17:18,220 --> 00:17:23,040
779
+ ุจุชุญุฏ ู…ุน ุงู„ internal carotid artery ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงูŠุด ู‡ูˆ
780
+
781
+ 196
782
+ 00:17:23,040 --> 00:17:27,200
783
+ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ left and right posterior communicating
784
+
785
+ 197
786
+ 00:17:27,200 --> 00:17:34,160
787
+ arteries ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„
788
+
789
+ 198
790
+ 00:17:34,160 --> 00:17:38,850
791
+ ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน circle of wheelsFunction ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ definition
792
+
793
+ 199
794
+ 00:17:38,850 --> 00:17:40,570
795
+ ุชุจุน ุงู„ู€ circle of wells ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ู€
796
+
797
+ 200
798
+ 00:17:40,570 --> 00:17:45,130
799
+ function ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† arterial anastomosis between
800
+
801
+ 201
802
+ 00:17:45,130 --> 00:17:48,670
803
+ nine arteries supplying the brain ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู†ู‡ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ
804
+
805
+ 202
806
+ 00:17:48,670 --> 00:17:52,170
807
+ ุนู† anastomosis between vertebral basilar system
808
+
809
+ 203
810
+ 00:17:52,170 --> 00:17:57,690
811
+ and internal carotid systemุงู„ู€ Function Direct
812
+
813
+ 204
814
+ 00:17:57,690 --> 00:18:03,310
815
+ blood to other branches in cases of occlusion and
816
+
817
+ 205
818
+ 00:18:03,310 --> 00:18:07,070
819
+ connect carotid system with vertebral basilar
820
+
821
+ 206
822
+ 00:18:07,070 --> 00:18:11,430
823
+ system ุฃู†ุง ุณู†ุฉ 2001 2004 ููŠ ุฑุณุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑุงู‡ ุจุชุงุนุชู‰
824
+
825
+ 207
826
+ 00:18:11,430 --> 00:18:14,130
827
+ ุนู…ู„ุช ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… carotid stroke
828
+
829
+ 208
830
+ 00:18:14,130 --> 00:18:16,430
831
+ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุฌู„ุทุงุช ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ููŠ ุดุฑูŠุงู† ุงู„ุณุจุงุชูŠ
832
+
833
+ 209
834
+ 00:18:16,430 --> 00:18:20,670
835
+ ูˆูˆุฌุฏู†ุง ุนู†ุฏ ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู†ู‡ ุจุฒูŠุฏ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุงู„ cerebral
836
+
837
+ 210
838
+ 00:18:20,670 --> 00:18:23,910
839
+ hemodynamicูˆ ุงู„ู€ blood supply ุฑุงุญ ุชุฒูŠุฏ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ูˆ
840
+
841
+ 211
842
+ 00:18:23,910 --> 00:18:26,850
843
+ ุจุฒูŠุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ vertebrobasilar ุนุดุงู† ูŠุนู…ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ
844
+
845
+ 212
846
+ 00:18:26,850 --> 00:18:31,050
847
+ compensation ู„ .. ู„ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ deficit ุงู„ู„ูŠ
848
+
849
+ 213
850
+ 00:18:31,050 --> 00:18:34,650
851
+ ุตุงุฑ ููŠ carotid system ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ู€ circle ovals
852
+
853
+ 214
854
+ 00:18:34,650 --> 00:18:38,190
855
+ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† connection between two system between
856
+
857
+ 215
858
+ 00:18:38,190 --> 00:18:42,670
859
+ internal carotid system and vertebrobasilar system
860
+
861
+ 216
862
+ 00:18:42,670 --> 00:18:49,200
863
+ ู…ู† ุฃูŠู† ุจุชูƒูˆู†ุŸcircle of wells ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† 9 ุงุฑุชุฑูŠุฒุŒ
864
+
865
+ 217
866
+ 00:18:49,200 --> 00:18:52,920
867
+ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูุฑุฏูŠ ูˆุงุฑุจุน ุฒูˆุฌูŠุŒ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูุฑุฏูŠ ูˆุงุฑุจุน ุฒูˆุฌูŠุŒ ุงู„ุงุฑุจุน
868
+
869
+ 218
870
+ 00:18:52,920 --> 00:18:55,880
871
+ ุฒูˆุฌูŠ ุตุงุฑูˆุง ุซู…ุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูุฑุฏูŠ ุตุงุฑูˆุง ุชุณุนุฉุŒ ู†ุจุฏุฃ ู…ู†
872
+
873
+ 219
874
+ 00:18:55,880 --> 00:18:56,560
875
+ ููˆู‚ ู„ุชุญุช
876
+
877
+ 220
878
+ 00:19:00,070 --> 00:19:01,910
879
+ ู„ูˆ ุณุฃู„ุชูƒูˆุง ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ู€ anterior communicating artery
880
+
881
+ 221
882
+ 00:19:01,910 --> 00:19:04,710
883
+ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุงู„ู€ branch ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ internal carotid
884
+
885
+ 222
886
+ 00:19:04,710 --> 00:19:08,590
887
+ arteryุŸ ู„ุฃุŒ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ connection between two
888
+
889
+ 223
890
+ 00:19:08,590 --> 00:19:10,850
891
+ anterior cerebral arteriesุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ anterior
892
+
893
+ 224
894
+ 00:19:10,850 --> 00:19:13,650
895
+ communicating arteryุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ูุฑุฏูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ุจูŠุฑุจุท ุงู„ู€
896
+
897
+ 225
898
+ 00:19:13,650 --> 00:19:15,950
899
+ right ูˆุงู„ู€ left ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ Anterior cerebral arteryุŒ
900
+
901
+ 226
902
+ 00:19:15,950 --> 00:19:18,410
903
+ ุตุงุฑูˆุง ุซู„ุงุซุฉุŒ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„ู€ anterior cerebral
904
+
905
+ 227
906
+ 00:19:18,410 --> 00:19:21,290
907
+ artery ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ internal carotidุŸ rightุŒ leftุŒ ุตุงุฑูˆุง
908
+
909
+ 228
910
+ 00:19:21,290 --> 00:19:25,800
911
+ ุฎู…ุณุฉุจุฑุฌุน ุฑุฌูˆุน ู„ู„ุฎู„ู posterior communicating artery
912
+
913
+ 229
914
+ 00:19:25,800 --> 00:19:29,100
915
+ right left ุตุงุฑูˆุง ูƒุงู…ุŸ ุณุจุนุฉ ุจุฑุจุท ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ posterior
916
+
917
+ 230
918
+ 00:19:29,100 --> 00:19:32,660
919
+ communicating arteryุŸ ุจุฑุจุท ุงู„ internal carotid ู…ุน
920
+
921
+ 231
922
+ 00:19:32,660 --> 00:19:35,000
923
+ ุงู„ posterior cerebral artery ูŠุนู†ูŠ right left
924
+
925
+ 232
926
+ 00:19:35,000 --> 00:19:37,780
927
+ posterior cerebral artery ุตุงุฑูˆุง ูƒุงู…ุŸ ุชุณุนุฉ ุงูŠู‡ ูƒุงู†ุŸ
928
+
929
+ 233
930
+ 00:19:37,780 --> 00:19:42,900
931
+ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† anterior communicating arteryุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
932
+
933
+ 234
934
+ 00:19:42,900 --> 00:19:45,680
935
+ ู‡ูˆ ุจุฑุจุท ุงู„ right will lifts anterior cerebral
936
+
937
+ 235
938
+ 00:19:45,680 --> 00:19:50,040
939
+ artery right left anterior cerebral artery right
940
+
941
+ 236
942
+ 00:19:50,040 --> 00:19:53,860
943
+ left internal carotid artery right left posterior
944
+
945
+ 237
946
+ 00:19:53,860 --> 00:19:57,320
947
+ communicating artery and right left posterior
948
+
949
+ 238
950
+ 00:19:57,320 --> 00:20:02,520
951
+ cerebral artery ุตุงุฑ ุนุฏุฏู‡ู… ูƒุงู… ุชุณุนุฉ ุงู†ุชุจู‡ูˆุง ู„ูˆ ุฃุฌูŠ
952
+
953
+ 239
954
+ 00:20:02,520 --> 00:20:04,920
955
+ ุณุคุงู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ middle cerebral artery ุงู„ middle
956
+
957
+ 240
958
+ 00:20:04,920 --> 00:20:09,080
959
+ cerebral artery ู…ู„ู‡ูˆุด ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ููŠ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน circle of
960
+
961
+ 241
962
+ 00:20:09,080 --> 00:20:17,210
963
+ wells ุชุงุจุนูˆุง ู…ุนุงูŠุงู‡ูŠ ู†ุฑุณู… ุจู„ูˆู† .. ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุด
964
+
965
+ 242
966
+ 00:20:17,210 --> 00:20:24,490
967
+ ูˆุงุถุญ ูƒูŠุฑ ู‡ูŠ anterior communicating
968
+
969
+ 243
970
+ 00:20:24,490 --> 00:20:28,010
971
+ artery ูˆุงุญุฏ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ anterior communicating artery
972
+
973
+ 244
974
+ 00:20:28,010 --> 00:20:36,270
975
+ ุจูŠุฑุจุท right anterior cerebral artery ู…ุน ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ุน ุงู„
976
+
977
+ 245
978
+ 00:20:36,270 --> 00:20:41,610
979
+ leftุตุงุฑ ุนู†ุฏู‰ ูƒุงู…ุŸ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุฎุฑุฌ ุงู„
980
+
981
+ 246
982
+ 00:20:41,610 --> 00:20:45,170
983
+ anterior cerebral artery ู…ู† ุงู„ internal carotid
984
+
985
+ 247
986
+ 00:20:45,170 --> 00:20:51,470
987
+ artery ุตุงุฑ ุนู†ุฏู‰ ุงูƒุงู…ุŸ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุงุฑุจุนุฉ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุจุฎุฑุฌ
988
+
989
+ 248
990
+ 00:20:51,470 --> 00:20:57,510
991
+ posterior communicating artery right
992
+
993
+ 249
994
+ 00:20:57,510 --> 00:21:02,770
995
+ and left ุณุชุฉ ุณุจุนุฉ ุจุฑุจุท ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุจุฑุจุท ุงู„ internal
996
+
997
+ 250
998
+ 00:21:02,770 --> 00:21:08,270
999
+ carotid artery ู…ุน ุงูŠู‡ุŸ posteriorCerebral artery
1000
+
1001
+ 251
1002
+ 00:21:08,270 --> 00:21:11,650
1003
+ ุณุนุฑู‡
1004
+
1005
+ 252
1006
+ 00:21:11,650 --> 00:21:17,090
1007
+ ุงูŠู‡ ุชู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ุชุณุนุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุนุชุจุฑ circle of wells
1008
+
1009
+ 253
1010
+ 00:21:27,730 --> 00:21:31,930
1011
+ ู‡ูƒ ุฃู†ุง ุจูƒูˆู† ุฎู„ุตุช ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู€ arterial blood supply
1012
+
1013
+ 254
1014
+ 00:21:31,930 --> 00:21:36,290
1015
+ ุจุถู„ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ูƒุงู… slide ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ cerebral diural
1016
+
1017
+ 255
1018
+ 00:21:36,290 --> 00:21:40,950
1019
+ venous sinuses ุงู„ diural venous sinuses ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู…
1020
+
1021
+ 256
1022
+ 00:21:40,950 --> 00:21:46,170
1023
+ cerebral sinuses ู‡ู… ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† cavity ุฃูˆ channels
1024
+
1025
+ 257
1026
+ 00:21:47,290 --> 00:21:50,770
1027
+ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† between the two layers of the durometer in
1028
+
1029
+ 258
1030
+ 00:21:50,770 --> 00:21:56,110
1031
+ the brain ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู†
1032
+
1033
+ 259
1034
+ 00:21:56,110 --> 00:21:59,510
1035
+ between the two layers of the durometer in the
1036
+
1037
+ 260
1038
+ 00:21:59,510 --> 00:22:00,810
1039
+ brain ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† between the two layers of the
1040
+
1041
+ 261
1042
+ 00:22:00,810 --> 00:22:03,610
1043
+ durometer in the brain ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† between the two
1044
+
1045
+ 262
1046
+ 00:22:03,610 --> 00:22:05,530
1047
+ layers of the durometer in the brain ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู†
1048
+
1049
+ 263
1050
+ 00:22:05,530 --> 00:22:05,770
1051
+ between the two layers of the durometer in the
1052
+
1053
+ 264
1054
+ 00:22:05,770 --> 00:22:07,010
1055
+ brain ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† between the two layers of the
1056
+
1057
+ 265
1058
+ 00:22:07,010 --> 00:22:08,130
1059
+ durometer in the brain ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† between the two
1060
+
1061
+ 266
1062
+ 00:22:08,130 --> 00:22:09,330
1063
+ layers of the durometer in the brain ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู†
1064
+
1065
+ 267
1066
+ 00:22:09,330 --> 00:22:10,590
1067
+ between the two layers of the durometer in the
1068
+
1069
+ 268
1070
+ 00:22:10,590 --> 00:22:11,870
1071
+ brain ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† between the two layers of the
1072
+
1073
+ 269
1074
+ 00:22:11,870 --> 00:22:12,750
1075
+ durometer in the brain ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† between the two
1076
+
1077
+ 270
1078
+ 00:22:12,750 --> 00:22:14,010
1079
+ layers of the durometer in the brain ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู†
1080
+
1081
+ 271
1082
+ 00:22:14,010 --> 00:22:14,130
1083
+ between the two layers of the durometer in the
1084
+
1085
+ 272
1086
+ 00:22:14,130 --> 00:22:14,150
1087
+ brain ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† between the two layers of the
1088
+
1089
+ 273
1090
+ 00:22:14,150 --> 00:22:16,300
1091
+ durometer in theู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ู€ venous blood
1092
+
1093
+ 274
1094
+ 00:22:16,300 --> 00:22:19,620
1095
+ ู„ุฏูŠูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู€ venous sinusesุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ internal and
1096
+
1097
+ 275
1098
+ 00:22:19,620 --> 00:22:23,780
1099
+ external veins of the brain ู…ู† ุฃูˆุฑูŠุฐุฉ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ุซุงู†ูŠุง
1100
+
1101
+ 276
1102
+ 00:22:23,780 --> 00:22:27,480
1103
+ ุชุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ู€ cerebrospinal fluid CSF ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
1104
+
1105
+ 277
1106
+ 00:22:27,480 --> 00:22:31,260
1107
+ subarachnoid space ู…ู† ุงู„ุฐุงูƒุฑูŠู† ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ arachnoid
1108
+
1109
+ 278
1110
+ 00:22:31,260 --> 00:22:34,520
1111
+ villi and arachnoid granulation ู‚ู„ุชู„ูƒูˆุง
1112
+
1113
+ 279
1114
+ 00:22:34,520 --> 00:22:38,710
1115
+ granulation microscope ูˆ villi microscopicูˆ
1116
+
1117
+ 280
1118
+ 00:22:38,710 --> 00:22:43,410
1119
+ finally ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ sinuses ุจูŠุณู„ู…ูˆุง ุงู„ venous blood
1120
+
1121
+ 281
1122
+ 00:22:43,410 --> 00:22:48,550
1123
+ ู„ูˆูŠู† ู„ internal jugular ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง three single
1124
+
1125
+ 282
1126
+ 00:22:48,550 --> 00:22:52,850
1127
+ sinuses ูˆ six paired sinuses ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ single
1128
+
1129
+ 283
1130
+ 00:22:52,850 --> 00:22:55,730
1131
+ sinuses ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ right cerebral hemisphere
1132
+
1133
+ 284
1134
+ 00:22:55,730 --> 00:22:59,530
1135
+ ูˆู„ุง ููŠ ุงู„ left ู…ุฏุงู… ู‡ู… singleOkay ู‡ู… ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง
1136
+
1137
+ 285
1138
+ 00:22:59,530 --> 00:23:02,690
1139
+ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุชุตู ุจูŠู† ุงู„ right ูˆ ุงู„ left ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ
1140
+
1141
+ 286
1142
+ 00:23:02,690 --> 00:23:06,150
1143
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ูุฑุฏูŠ ู…ุด ุฒูˆุฌูŠ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุฒูˆุฌูŠ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„
1144
+
1145
+ 287
1146
+ 00:23:06,150 --> 00:23:08,550
1147
+ right ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ left ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ูุฑุฏูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ
1148
+
1149
+ 288
1150
+ 00:23:08,550 --> 00:23:15,190
1151
+ ุงู„ู…ู†ุชุตู ู…ู† ู‡ู… ุงู„ single venous sinuses superior
1152
+
1153
+ 289
1154
+ 00:23:15,190 --> 00:23:20,750
1155
+ sagittal sinus ู‡ูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ inferior sagittal sinus ูˆ
1156
+
1157
+ 290
1158
+ 00:23:20,750 --> 00:23:25,730
1159
+ striate sinus ุงูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ striate ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ tentorial
1160
+
1161
+ 291
1162
+ 00:23:29,390 --> 00:23:35,190
1163
+ Sinus Stentorial Sinus ุงูˆ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ Striate Sinus
1164
+
1165
+ 292
1166
+ 00:23:35,190 --> 00:23:38,710
1167
+ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูƒุงู… ูˆุงุญุฏ ูุฑุฏูŠ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉ Superior and
1168
+
1169
+ 293
1170
+ 00:23:38,710 --> 00:23:40,450
1171
+ Sagittal ู…ุฏุงู… ููŠ Superior and Sagittal ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู† ููŠ
1172
+
1173
+ 294
1174
+ 00:23:40,450 --> 00:23:45,790
1175
+ Inferior and Sagittal ุซู„ุงุซุฉ Striate Sinus ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
1176
+
1177
+ 295
1178
+ 00:23:45,790 --> 00:23:49,310
1179
+ Superior
1180
+
1181
+ 296
1182
+ 00:23:49,310 --> 00:23:55,790
1183
+ Sagittal Sinus ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ Inferior Sagittal Sinus ูˆู‡ูŠ
1184
+
1185
+ 297
1186
+ 00:23:55,790 --> 00:24:01,110
1187
+ ุนู†ุฏูŠstriate sinus ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ tentorial sinus ุนุดุงู†
1188
+
1189
+ 298
1190
+ 00:24:01,110 --> 00:24:05,330
1191
+ ุฌุงูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ tentarium cerebelli ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ูุฑุฏูŠ
1192
+
1193
+ 299
1194
+ 00:24:05,330 --> 00:24:11,470
1195
+ superior sagittal inferior sagittal ูˆstriate sinus
1196
+
1197
+ 300
1198
+ 00:24:11,470 --> 00:24:17,370
1199
+ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุงู„ coronal cut ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ superior
1200
+
1201
+ 301
1202
+ 00:24:17,370 --> 00:24:22,370
1203
+ sagittal sinusู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุจุงุฎุฏ venous blood ู…ู† ุงู„ veins
1204
+
1205
+ 302
1206
+ 00:24:22,370 --> 00:24:26,210
1207
+ ูˆ ุจุงุฎุฏ CSF ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ arachnoid granulation ูˆ
1208
+
1209
+ 303
1210
+ 00:24:26,210 --> 00:24:30,150
1211
+ arachnoid villi ู…ู† ุงู„ subarachnoid space ุจุงุฎุฏ CSF
1212
+
1213
+ 304
1214
+ 00:24:30,150 --> 00:24:35,670
1215
+ ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ู†ุฏูŠ ู‡ุงู† superior sagittal sinus ููŠ ุงู„
1216
+
1217
+ 305
1218
+ 00:24:35,670 --> 00:24:45,730
1219
+ corona ุงู„ cut ูˆ ุชุญุช inferior sagittal sinus ุงู„ุขู†
1220
+
1221
+ 306
1222
+ 00:24:45,730 --> 00:24:50,350
1223
+ ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ู„ู€ Paired Sinuses ุงูŠุด Paired Sinuses ูŠุนู†ูŠ
1224
+
1225
+ 307
1226
+ 00:24:50,350 --> 00:24:55,250
1227
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฒูˆุฌูŠ Right ูˆ Left ููŠ Transverse ุงูˆ Lateral
1228
+
1229
+ 308
1230
+ 00:24:55,250 --> 00:25:00,030
1231
+ Sinus Right ูˆ Left ููŠ Sigmoid Sinus Right ูˆ Left
1232
+
1233
+ 309
1234
+ 00:25:00,030 --> 00:25:04,690
1235
+ ููŠ Cavernous Sinus Right ูˆ Left Superior Petrosal
1236
+
1237
+ 310
1238
+ 00:25:04,690 --> 00:25:08,790
1239
+ Sinus Right ูˆ Left Inferior Petrosal Sinus Right ูˆ
1240
+
1241
+ 311
1242
+ 00:25:08,790 --> 00:25:14,490
1243
+ Left ูˆ Sphenobarital Sinus Right ูˆ Left ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุงุถุญ
1244
+
1245
+ 312
1246
+ 00:25:14,490 --> 00:25:25,500
1247
+ ุนู† ุฏูŠุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Transverse Sinus ุฃูˆ Lateral Sinus ู‡ู†ุง
1248
+
1249
+ 313
1250
+ 00:25:25,500 --> 00:25:29,700
1251
+ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ Cavernous Sinus ููŠ Right ูˆ ููŠ Left ู‡ุฐุง
1252
+
1253
+ 314
1254
+ 00:25:29,700 --> 00:25:33,440
1255
+ Superior Petrosal Sinus ู‡ู†ุง Inferior Petrosal
1256
+
1257
+ 315
1258
+ 00:25:33,440 --> 00:25:37,180
1259
+ Sinus ูˆ ุชุญุช ู‡ู†ุง ุชุญุช ุงู„ Tentorium ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ
1260
+
1261
+ 316
1262
+ 00:25:37,180 --> 00:25:41,060
1263
+ Sigmoid Sinus
1264
+
1265
+ 317
1266
+ 00:25:48,740 --> 00:25:51,060
1267
+ ุงู„ caviarnal sinus ุงุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ ูƒู„ู…ุชูŠู† ู…ุฑุฉ ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ูƒุชูŠุฑ
1268
+
1269
+ 318
1270
+ 00:25:51,060 --> 00:25:53,980
1271
+ caviarnal sinus ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ caviarnal sinus ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง
1272
+
1273
+ 319
1274
+ 00:25:53,980 --> 00:25:57,900
1275
+ ู„ุงู†ู‡ ุจูŠู…ูˆุฑ ููŠู‡ structures ุจูŠู…ูˆุฑ ููŠู‡ cranial nerves
1276
+
1277
+ 320
1278
+ 00:25:57,900 --> 00:26:02,380
1279
+ ูˆ artery ุจูŠู…ูˆุฑ ููŠู‡ oculomotor nerve ุจูŠู…ูˆุฑ ููŠู‡
1280
+
1281
+ 321
1282
+ 00:26:02,380 --> 00:26:07,190
1283
+ trochlear nerve ูˆ ุจูŠู…ูˆุฑ ููŠู‡ abdossum nerveูˆุบูŠุฑ ู‡ูŠูƒ
1284
+
1285
+ 322
1286
+ 00:26:07,190 --> 00:26:11,110
1287
+ ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ophthalmic and maxillary branch of the
1288
+
1289
+ 323
1290
+ 00:26:11,110 --> 00:26:16,010
1291
+ trigeminal nerve ูˆูƒู…ุงู† ุจูŠู…ุฑ internal carotid
1292
+
1293
+ 324
1294
+ 00:26:16,010 --> 00:26:21,370
1295
+ artery ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ูƒููŠุฑู†ุณ ุงู„ุตูŠู†ูŠุณ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ูƒููŠุฑู†ุณ
1296
+
1297
+ 325
1298
+ 00:26:21,370 --> 00:26:26,970
1299
+ ุงู„ุตูŠู†ูŠุณ ู†ุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ right cavernous sinus ุจูŠู† ุงู„ right
1300
+
1301
+ 326
1302
+ 00:26:26,970 --> 00:26:34,650
1303
+ ูˆ ุงู„ leftููŠู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุจุชูŠูˆุชุฑู‰ ุฌู„ุงู†ุฏ ุงู„ุบุฏุฉ ุงู„ู†ุฎุงู…ูŠุฉ ููŠ
1304
+
1305
+ 327
1306
+ 00:26:34,650 --> 00:26:38,850
1307
+ ุงู„ cavernous sinus ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ lateral wall ุงู„ุนุตุจ
1308
+
1309
+ 328
1310
+ 00:26:38,850 --> 00:26:43,130
1311
+ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ oculomotor ุชุญุชู‡ ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน trochlea ูˆ
1312
+
1313
+ 329
1314
+ 00:26:43,130 --> 00:26:47,170
1315
+ ูƒู…ุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ lower lateral ุจูŠู…ุฑ ุงู„ ophthalmic branch
1316
+
1317
+ 330
1318
+ 00:26:47,170 --> 00:26:51,930
1319
+ ุจุชุงุน ุงูŠุด trigeminal nerve ูˆ maxillary branch ุจุชุงุน
1320
+
1321
+ 331
1322
+ 00:26:51,930 --> 00:26:56,470
1323
+ ู…ูŠู† trigeminal nerve ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ medial wall ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
1324
+
1325
+ 332
1326
+ 00:26:56,470 --> 00:26:59,890
1327
+ ุนู†ุฏู‰ ุงู„ internalcarotid artery ูˆ ุชุญุช ุงู„ internal
1328
+
1329
+ 333
1330
+ 00:26:59,890 --> 00:27:03,670
1331
+ carotid artery ุจูŠูƒูˆู† abdocent nerve ุงู„ุนุตุจ ุงูŠู‡
1332
+
1333
+ 334
1334
+ 00:27:03,670 --> 00:27:06,470
1335
+ ุงู„ุณุงุฏุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ู… ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡
1336
+
1337
+ 335
1338
+ 00:27:06,470 --> 00:27:14,870
1339
+ cranial nerve ู‡ุงูŠ
1340
+
1341
+ 336
1342
+ 00:27:14,870 --> 00:27:17,610
1343
+ ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู†ุฏูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ู†ุง superior sagittal sinus
1344
+
1345
+ 337
1346
+ 00:27:17,610 --> 00:27:22,030
1347
+ ู‡ู†ุง inferior sagittal sinus ูˆู‡ู†ุง straight sinus
1348
+
1349
+ 338
1350
+ 00:27:22,030 --> 00:27:25,950
1351
+ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ูุฑุฏูŠ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ูุฑุฏูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
1352
+
1353
+ 339
1354
+ 00:27:25,950 --> 00:27:30,830
1355
+ cavernous sinusSuperpetrosal sinus, Inferopetrosal
1356
+
1357
+ 340
1358
+ 00:27:30,830 --> 00:27:36,230
1359
+ sinus, Transverse sinus ุงูˆ Lateral sinus, Sigmoid
1360
+
1361
+ 341
1362
+ 00:27:36,230 --> 00:27:39,230
1363
+ sinusุŒ ุงู„ Sigmoid sinus ุจูŠุณู„ู… ูƒู„ู‡ุŒ ูƒู„ู‡ู… ุจูŠุณู„ู…ูˆุง ู„
1364
+
1365
+ 342
1366
+ 00:27:39,230 --> 00:27:42,130
1367
+ Sigmoid sinusุŒ ูˆ Sigmoid sinus ุจูŠุณู„ู… ุงู„ blood ุงู„
1368
+
1369
+ 343
1370
+ 00:27:42,130 --> 00:27:45,690
1371
+ venous blood ู„ internalุŒ jugular ููŠ ููŠู†ุŸ ููŠ
1372
+
1373
+ 344
1374
+ 00:27:45,690 --> 00:27:49,210
1375
+ occipital sinus ุงูˆ ููŠ other sinusesุŒ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ู‡ูŠูƒ
1376
+
1377
+ 345
1378
+ 00:27:49,210 --> 00:27:54,730
1379
+ ุจูŠูƒููˆุง ู„ุดุฑุญ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ููŠ ุงู„ slide ู‡ุฐุง ุจูƒูˆู† ูˆุตู„ุช
1380
+
1381
+ 346
1382
+ 00:27:54,730 --> 00:27:58,630
1383
+ ู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุนู† ุงู„ blood supply of the
1384
+
1385
+ 347
1386
+ 00:27:58,630 --> 00:28:02,810
1387
+ brain and venous drainage of the brain ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุงู„ู
1388
+
1389
+ 348
1390
+ 00:28:02,810 --> 00:28:06,350
1391
+ ุนุงููŠุฉ ูˆ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‚ุงุก ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชูƒู„ู…
1392
+
1393
+ 349
1394
+ 00:28:06,350 --> 00:28:09,330
1395
+ ุนู„ู‰ anatomy of the spinal cord
1396
+