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ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ู…ุญุงุถุฑุชู†ุง ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉ ููŠ ู…ุณุงู‚
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biomechanics ุนู† biomechanics of muscles ู‡ู†ุชุนุฑู ู…ู†
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ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุนู† ุงู„ู€ type
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of muscles ูˆูƒู…ุงู† ู‡ู†ุชุนุฑู ุนู† ุฎูˆุงุตู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ properties
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ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู†ุจุฏุฃ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ muscle of a human consists of
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three types ููŠ ุฃู†ู‡ ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ููŠ ู…ุณุงู‚ ุงู„ู€ anatomy ุนุฑูุชูˆ
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ุฃู†ู‘ู‡ ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ cardiac
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muscle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ myocardium ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ smooth
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muscles ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุจุทู†ุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† non-striated
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and involuntary lines of internal organs ุนุฑูู†ุง ุฃู†ู‘
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ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุจุทู† ุงู„ู€ internal organs ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ intestines
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for example ูˆููŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ skeletal muscle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ูƒ
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physiotherapist ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู…ู‡ุชู…ูŠู† ููŠู‡ุง ุฃูˆ ู…ู‡ุชู…ูŠู† ุฃู†ู‘
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ู†ุชุนุฑู ุนู„ู‰ ุฎูˆุงุตู‡ุง ู„ุฃู†ู‘ ูƒู„ ุดุบู„ู†ุง ุงุญู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ
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ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุจุชุนุงู…ู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ู…ู† ุชู‚ูˆูŠุฉ ุนุถู„ุงุช ูˆ ู…ู†
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endurance ูˆ strength ูˆ power
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ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€ skeletal muscle ุทุจุนุง ู†ูˆุนู‡ุง striated
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and mainly voluntary in action ุทุจุนุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู†
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ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุจูŠูˆุถู‘ุญ ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ skeletal muscle ูƒูŠู ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง
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main nucleus ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† voluntary ูˆ striated ูˆ
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multinucleus ูˆ non branched ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ุง ู…ุด
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ู…ุชูุฑุนุฉ ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ู€ cardiac muscle ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
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involuntary muscle ุทุจุนุง ุงุญู†ุง ู…ุง ุจู†ูุชุญูƒู… ููŠ ุนุถู„ุฉ
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ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ู†ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ุง ูˆู‚ุชุด ุชุฏุฎู‘ู„ ูˆ ูˆู‚ุชุด ุชูˆู‚ู ูˆ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
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striated ุทุจุนุง ุนู„ู‰ ุดูƒู„ ุฎุทูˆุท ูˆ ... ูˆ ููŠู‡ุง single in
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... in nucleus ุจุณ ููŠู‡ุง nucleus ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ูˆ branched ุฒูŠ ู…ุง
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ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ุง ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ู€ smooth muscle ูู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ smooth
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ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู†ู‘ุนู…ุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† involuntary ู„ุฅู†ู‘ ู‡ูŠ
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ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุจุช ... ุจุชุจุทู‘ู† ุงู„ ... ุงู„ุฃู…ุนุงุก ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู†
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ุงู„ุฃูˆุนูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฏู…ูˆูŠุฉ ูˆ ุบูŠุฑู‡ุง ูู‡ูŠ non-striated ู…ุด ู…ุฎุทู‘ุทุฉ
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ูˆ ูƒู…ุงู† ููŠู‡ุง singular nucleus ูˆ ... ูˆ tapered ุฅูŠุด
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ูŠุนู†ูŠ taperedุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฅุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุง ุงู†ุจูˆุจูŠุฉ
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ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุทุฑุงู ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฅุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ู…ุจูˆุธุฉ ู…ู†
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ู‡ู†ุง ูˆ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุง ุฎู„ูŠู†ูŠ
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ุฃู†ุง ุขุฎุฐ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฒุฑู…ู† ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฅุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุจุชูƒูˆู†
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ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุนู…ู„ุฉ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุจูˆู‘ุฒุฉ
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ู†ุฑูˆุญ ู„ู„ู€ type of muscle ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ุง ู‡ู†ุง
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ุตุงุฑุช ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ูƒุซูŠุฑ ุฃูˆุถุญ ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุงู„ู€ striated ู‡ู†ุงุŸ
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muscles ููŠู‡ุง manunucleus ุงู„ู€ fibers ุชุจุนุชู‡ุง ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€
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skeletal muscle ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ุง ูƒูŠู ู…ุชูุฑู‘ุนุฉ
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ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ cardiac muscle ูˆ ุงู„ู€ non-striated ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดูƒู„
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only one nucleus ูˆ ูƒู…ุงู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง tapered part ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง
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ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุทุฑุงู
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ุงู„ู€ striated muscles are muscles which are formed
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by parallel fibers which are formed together to
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make the muscle where non-striated muscles are not
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parallel fibers ุทุจุนุง ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ striated ูƒูŠู ุงู„ู€
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fibers ุชุจุนุชู‡ุง ู…ุชูˆุงุฒูŠุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ุณูˆุงุก ูƒุงู†ุช ููŠ ุงู„ู€ muscle
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fibers ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ cardiac muscle ูˆ ูƒูŠู ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ ... ุงู„ู€
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skeletal muscles ูˆ ุงู„ู€ cardiac muscle ูˆ ูƒูŠู ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู€
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non-striated ูƒูŠู ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ุด parallel ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุช ...
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ู…ุชุฑุงูƒุจุฉ ู…ุน ุจุนุถู‡ุง
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ุงู„ู€ skeletal muscle ุนุงุฏุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู„ู‡ุง two attachments
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origin and insertion ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ูˆ ูƒูŠู ุงู„ู€
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muscle ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุชู‡ุง ููŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุชูู†ุฏู† ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
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ุจุชุนู…ู„ attachment ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ bone ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ skeletal muscles
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are attached to the skeletal via tendons and
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causes it to move when it contracts mechanically
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ู„ู…ุง ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ... ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุงู„ู…ู†ุงุณุจุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ biceps ุฒูŠ ู…ุง
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ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ุง ุงูŠู‡ุง two heads ู„ู…ุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ุง
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contraction ุงู„ุชูู†ุฏู† ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠุนู…ู„ pull ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ ... ุงู„ู€
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bone ูˆ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ reflection Skeletal muscle of
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human body account for ู…ู† 40 ู„ 45% of the total
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body weight ูˆ ุจุงู„ู…ู†ุงุณุจุฉ ุงุญู†ุง ุงู„ูˆุฒู† ุชุจุนู†ุง ุงุญู†ุง
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ูƒุฃุฌุณุงู… ูˆุฒู†ู†ุง ู…ุนุธู…ูู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุนุถู„ุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุญุชู‰ ู„ู…ุง
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ุจูŠุฌูˆุง ุจูŠูˆุฒู†ูˆุง ุฃูŠู‘ ู…ุซู„ุง ุงู„ู€ domus ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุนุฌู„ุŒ ุงู„ุนุฌู„
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ุงู„ู„ุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุงูƒู„ู‡ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู€
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muscles ููƒู„ู‘ ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุนุฌู„ ููŠู‡ ูˆุฒู† ุฃูƒุซุฑ ูƒู„ู‘ ู…ุง ุจูŠุฒู†
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ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง ุจูŠุนุทูŠ ู„ุญู… ุฃูƒุซุฑ ูู…ุนุธู… ุงู„ูˆุฒู† ุณูˆุงุก ุงู„ู€ human
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ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ animals ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ูˆุฒู† ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ูƒุชู„ุฉ ุงู„ุนุถู„ูŠุฉ
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There are more than 680 ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† 680 skeletal
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muscle ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† in pairs ููŠ ุงู„ู€ right and left side
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of the body ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุนุฑู ุฃู†ู‘ ุงู„ู€ body ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฃูˆ ุฌุณู…
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ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ู…ูƒูˆู‘ู† ู…ู† ู†ุตููŠู† as a mirror ุจุงู„ุถุจุท typical
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ุงู„ู€ right ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ lifts ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฎูŽู„ู‘ุงู†ูŠ ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ู€
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musculoskeletal system ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† two sides right
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and left ูˆ ุงู„ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู…ุงุฎุฐูŠู† ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ูˆ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุตูุงุช
78
00:06:26,580 --> 00:06:31,610
ูˆ ู†ูุณ ุฃุนุฏุงุฏ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ูˆ ุงู„ุนุธุงู… ุงู„ู€ skeletal muscle
79
00:06:31,610 --> 00:06:34,990
function ุฅูŠุด ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุงุŸ ุฃูˆู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ force
80
00:06:34,990 --> 00:06:38,750
generator system ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ูˆู‚ู ูˆ ุจู†ู‚ุนุฏ ูˆ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู… ูˆ
81
00:06:38,750 --> 00:06:43,050
ุจู†ุชุญุฑู‘ูƒ ูˆ ุจู†ู…ุดูŠ ูˆ ุจู†ุงูƒู„ ูˆ ุจู†ุดุฑุจ ู…ุนุชู…ุฏูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุฅูŠุดุŸ
82
00:06:43,050 --> 00:06:47,970
ู…ุนุชู…ุฏูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู‚ูˆุฉ ุงู„ุนุถู„ูŠุฉ ุชุจุนุชู†ุง ูƒุงูุฉ ุจู†ุญู…ูŠ ุฌุณู…ู†ุง
83
00:06:47,970 --> 00:06:52,010
ุจุฑุถู‡ ุจุงู„ู‚ูˆุฉ ุงู„ุนุถู„ูŠุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุนุถู„ูŠุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ force
84
00:06:52,010 --> 00:06:55,270
generated system provide strength and protection
85
00:06:55,270 --> 00:06:59,090
to the skeletal ุฃูˆ to the skeleton by distributing
86
00:06:59,090 --> 00:07:03,950
load and absorbing shock ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ูˆุฒู‘ุน ุงู„ุญู…ู„ ุงุญู†ุง
87
00:07:03,950 --> 00:07:10,670
ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุฃู†ู‘ ูˆุฒู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุนุงุฏุฉ ุจูŠุชุฑูƒู‘ุฒ ููŠ ูƒู„ู‘ ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุฌุณู…ู‡
88
00:07:10,670 --> 00:07:15,150
ูˆ ุจูŠู†ุฒู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุฑุถ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ููˆุช ุทูŠุจ ูƒูŠู ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ
89
00:07:15,150 --> 00:07:20,940
ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชุญู…ู‘ู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูˆุฒู† ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุฎู„ูŠู†ุง
90
00:07:20,940 --> 00:07:24,760
ู‚ุงุฏุฑูŠู† ู†ูˆู‚ู ุนู„ู‰ ุฑุฌู„ูŠู†ุง ุฃูˆ ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ูˆ ู†ุนู…ู„ weight
91
00:07:24,760 --> 00:07:29,080
shifting ู…ู† ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ูˆ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ููŠ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ูˆ
92
00:07:29,080 --> 00:07:31,640
ุงุญู†ุง ุชุนุฑู‘ูู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ... ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ู€ bony
93
00:07:31,640 --> 00:07:36,430
fracture ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุจุงุนุชู…ุฏ ุงู„ู€ fracture ุนู„ู‰ ุญุงู„ุฉ
94
00:07:36,430 --> 00:07:40,310
ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุชู… ุจุชุชุฐูƒุฑูˆุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ
95
00:07:40,310 --> 00:07:43,630
ู‚ู„ู†ุงู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ูƒู…ุงู†
96
00:07:43,630 --> 00:07:48,710
ุจุชุนู…ู„ ุงู„ู€ protection ู„ุฅู†ู‘ ู‡ูŠ ุจุชุบู„ู‘ู ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู‡ูŠูƒู„ูŠ ูˆ
97
00:07:48,710 --> 00:07:55,310
ุจุชุญู…ูŠ ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุตุฏู…ุงุช ูˆ ุจุชุนู…ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู…ุชุตุงุต ู„ู„ุตุฏู…ุงุช
98
00:07:55,570 --> 00:07:59,290
Enable bone to move the joint and perform both
99
00:07:59,290 --> 00:08:02,930
dynamic and static work ุทุจุนุง ุงุญู†ุง ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุฃู†ู‘ ุงุญู†ุง
100
00:08:02,930 --> 00:08:07,490
ููŠ ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ work ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุนู…ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช
101
00:08:07,490 --> 00:08:12,150
ุจุชุดุชุบู„ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
102
00:08:12,150 --> 00:08:16,090
contraction of muscle ุงู„ู€ dynamic work ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ
103
00:08:16,090 --> 00:08:20,690
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง locomotion ููŠู‡ุง ู…ุงุดูŠ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€
104
00:08:20,690 --> 00:08:24,630
spaceุŒ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ู€ body segmentsุŒ ุจู†ุงูƒู„ุŒ ุจู†ุดุฑุจุŒ ุจู†ุญุทู‘
105
00:08:24,630 --> 00:08:28,810
ุฅูŠุฏู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุฑุงุณู†ุงุŒ ุจู†ู„ุจุณุŒ ุจู†ูˆุทูŠุŒ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู…ุŒ ุจู†ู…ุดูŠุŒ ู‡ุฐุง
106
00:08:28,810 --> 00:08:32,890
dynamic work ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ู€ static work ูุฅุญู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ุจู†ุจู‚ู‰
107
00:08:32,890 --> 00:08:38,550
ู‚ุงุนุฏูŠู† ุจุธู‡ุฑู†ุง erect ูŠุนู†ูŠุŒ ุจู†ูƒูˆู† ุนุถู„ุงุชู†ุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุงุณูƒุฉ
108
00:08:38,550 --> 00:08:42,780
ุฌุณู…ู†ุงุŒ ุจู†ูƒูˆู† ูˆุงู‚ููŠู†ุŒ ุจู†ุจู‚ู‰ ุญุงู…ู„ูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุนุถู„ุงุชู†ุง ูˆ
109
00:08:42,780 --> 00:08:46,440
ู‡ูƒุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุณูƒูˆู† ุจุฑุถู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุญุงูุธ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€
110
00:08:46,440 --> 00:08:52,340
body posture ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ู€ endurance ูู‡ูŠ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ู„
111
00:08:52,340 --> 00:08:57,900
ุงู„ู€ muscles ุจุชุนู†ูŠ ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุงู„ู€ muscle ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชุญู…ู‘ู„ ุงุญู†ุง
112
00:08:57,900 --> 00:09:02,380
ุจู†ู‚ุฏุฑ ู†ุณุชู…ุฑู‘ ููŠ ุงู„ุญูŠุงุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุดูŠ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
113
00:09:02,380 --> 00:09:06,980
ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชุญู…ู‘ู„ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ endurance ู‡ูˆ The
114
00:09:06,980 --> 00:09:11,220
ability to sustain repeated contractions against
115
00:09:11,220 --> 00:09:16,300
resistance for an extended period of time ุทุจุนุง
116
00:09:16,300 --> 00:09:21,300
ุฅุญู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ุจู†ู…ุดูŠ ูุชุฑุฉ ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉ long distance ุนุถู„ุงุชู†ุง
117
00:09:21,300 --> 00:09:25,810
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชุนู…ู„ repetitive movement for long period of
118
00:09:25,810 --> 00:09:30,570
time ูˆ ู…ุชุญู…ู„ุฉ ุทุจุนุง ูˆุฒู†ู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุญู…ู„ lot ุทุจุนุง
119
00:09:30,570 --> 00:09:35,470
ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงุญู†ุง ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุฃู†ู‘ู†ุง ู†ุญู…ู„ ู…ุซู„ุง ุดู†ุทุฉ ุฅูŠุฏู†ุง ุฃูˆ
120
00:09:35,470 --> 00:09:40,850
ู†ุญู…ู„ ูƒุชุงุจู†ุง ุฃูˆ ู†ุญู…ู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู‚ู„ ุฌูˆุงู„ู†ุง ูุฃู†ุช ุจุชุนู…ู„
121
00:09:40,850 --> 00:09:45,970
repetitive movement for extended period of time
122
00:09:45,970 --> 00:09:51,010
ูˆ ุทุจุนุง against resistance ู†ุฑูˆุญ ู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง
123
00:09:51,010 --> 00:09:55,790
composition and structure of skeletal muscle ู‡ุฑูˆุญ
124
00:09:55,790 --> 00:10:00,590
ู„ ุงู„ู€ muscle fibers ูˆ ู†ุชุนุฑู ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู€ muscle
125
00:10:00,590 --> 00:10:04,150
fiber ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† structural unit of skeletal
126
00:10:04,150 --> 00:10:09,190
ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† long cylindrical cell with many
127
00:10:09,190 --> 00:10:12,970
hundreds of nuclei ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดูˆูู†ุง ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู‡ูŠูƒู„
128
00:10:12,970 --> 00:10:18,890
ุงู„ุนุธู…ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠู‡ุง ุนุฏุฏ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ูˆุงุฉ muscle fibers
129
00:10:18,890 --> 00:10:22,430
length range ู…ู† ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฅู„ู‰ ุซู„ุงุซูŠู† ุณู†ุชูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ
130
00:10:22,430 --> 00:10:25,850
ุทูˆู„ู‡ุง ู…ู† ูˆุงุญุฏ ุณู†ุชูŠ ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ muscle fibers ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
131
00:10:25,850 --> 00:10:32,530
ุจุดูƒู„ ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู…ู† ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฅู„ู‰ ุซู„ุงุซูŠู† ุณู†ุชูŠู…ุชุฑ ..
132
00:10:32,530 --> 00:10:37,340
ุณู†ุชูŠู…ุชุฑ yes ุทุจ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ connective tissue ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
133
00:10:37,340 --> 00:10:42,660
ููŠ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ muscleุŸ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง three layers
134
00:10:42,660 --> 00:10:46,720
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ epimysium ูˆ ุงู„ perimysium ูˆ ุงู„ endomysium
135
00:10:46,720 --> 00:10:52,420
ูˆ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุนุงุฑููŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุตุทู„ุญุงุช epi ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุบู„ุงู
136
00:10:52,420 --> 00:10:58,520
ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠ ุจุฑูŠุญ ุญูˆู„ู‡ุง endo in sign ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ epimysium
137
00:10:58,520 --> 00:11:02,420
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู…ูŠุฒู‡ ุฃู†ู‡ dense regular connective tissue
138
00:11:02,420 --> 00:11:07,640
surrounding ุงู„ entire muscle ูƒู„ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุนุฏ
139
00:11:07,640 --> 00:11:12,340
ู…ุง ุชุฎู„ุต ูƒู„ ุงู„ุทุจู‚ุงุช ูู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุทุจู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุจุชูุตู„
140
00:11:12,340 --> 00:11:15,960
separate muscle from the surrounding tissue and
141
00:11:15,960 --> 00:11:21,340
organ and connected to the deep fascia ุทูŠุจ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„
142
00:11:21,340 --> 00:11:28,060
epimysium ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ perimysium ูู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ collagen
143
00:11:28,060 --> 00:11:31,820
and elastic fibers surrounding the muscle fiber
144
00:11:31,820 --> 00:11:37,580
ู†ูุณู‡ุง ุจุชุณู…ู‰ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ muscle fibers ุจุชุนู…ู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ
145
00:11:37,580 --> 00:11:41,740
ุงุณู…ู‡ุง fascicles ุญุฒู…ุฉ contains blood vessel and
146
00:11:41,740 --> 00:11:45,380
nerve ุงู„ุฑูˆุญ ู„ู„ู€ endomysium ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุทุจู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠุฉ
147
00:11:45,380 --> 00:11:49,520
ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุบุดุงุก ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† loose connective
148
00:11:49,520 --> 00:11:52,900
tissue surrounding individual muscle fibers ูŠุนู†ูŠ
149
00:11:52,900 --> 00:11:58,420
ูƒู„ muscle fiber ู„ุญุงู„ู‡ ููŠู‡ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ endomysium and
150
00:11:58,420 --> 00:12:03,420
also contains blood vessels and nerve ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง
151
00:12:03,420 --> 00:12:08,780
ุดุงูŠููŠู† ู‡ู†ุง ุจุงู„ุฑุณู… ู‡ูŠ muscle fibers ููŠ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู‡ุง ุฅูŠุดุŸ
152
00:12:08,780 --> 00:12:12,300
ููŠ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ endomysium ููŠ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ muscle
153
00:12:12,300 --> 00:12:17,740
fibers they're surrounded by ุงู„ perimysium
154
00:12:17,740 --> 00:12:22,540
ูˆู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ fascicles ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุงู„ perimysium ุงู„ู„ูŠ
155
00:12:22,540 --> 00:12:27,280
ุจุชุดูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆุฅุฐุง ุจู†ู„ุงุญุธ ุฃู† ูƒู„ ุงู„ connective
156
00:12:27,280 --> 00:12:32,780
tissue ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชู„ุชู‚ูŠ ู…ุน ุจุนุถู‡ุง ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ tendon ู‡ุฐุง
157
00:12:32,780 --> 00:12:38,900
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ ุจุงู„ attachment with bone
158
00:12:41,130 --> 00:12:45,470
ุงู„ู€ Collagen fibers of all the three layers come
159
00:12:45,470 --> 00:12:49,110
together at the end of the muscle to form the
160
00:12:49,110 --> 00:12:54,170
tendon ุฃูˆ ุงู„ aponeurosis ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง flat border
161
00:12:54,170 --> 00:12:59,090
tendon ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุด ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู…ุญุฏุฏุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ
162
00:12:59,090 --> 00:13:04,070
attachment flat ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ bone which have no
163
00:13:04,070 --> 00:13:08,160
active contractile properties ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุชุฐูƒุฑู‡ ู‡ู†ุง
164
00:13:08,160 --> 00:13:12,520
ุฃู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ three layers are non contractile ุงู„
165
00:13:12,520 --> 00:13:16,500
contraction ู…ุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ู… ุงู„ contraction ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ
166
00:13:16,500 --> 00:13:20,220
ุงู„ sarcomere ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ู†ุชุนุฑู ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ force
167
00:13:20,220 --> 00:13:24,600
produced by the contracting muscle transmitted to
168
00:13:24,600 --> 00:13:28,460
the bone through ุงู„ connective tissue ู‡ุฐุง ุฃูˆ ุงู„
169
00:13:28,460 --> 00:13:33,380
tendon ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุดูู†ุงู‡ ู„ู‚ุช ูˆุทุจุนุง ุฃุญูŠุงู†ุง ุงู„
170
00:13:33,380 --> 00:13:38,680
tendon ุจูŠุญุชุงุฌ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ sheet ุฃูˆ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุชูุฑุน ุนุดุงู†
171
00:13:38,680 --> 00:13:46,480
ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนูŠู†ุง ูŠุฑูˆุญ ู„ ุงู„ fingers ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ muscle
172
00:13:46,480 --> 00:13:50,380
cell structure ูู‡ูˆ ุงู„ fiber ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู†ูุณู‡ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ fiber
173
00:13:50,380 --> 00:13:54,780
ู†ูุณู‡ุง it contains many nuclei ุงู„ membrane
174
00:13:59,620 --> 00:14:04,760
ุงู„ู€ membrane surrounding the muscle fibers called
175
00:14:04,760 --> 00:14:08,080
ุงู„ู€ sarcolemma ุฃู†ุชู… ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ููŠู‡ุง sarco ุงู„
176
00:14:08,080 --> 00:14:12,240
.. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ cytoplasm ูˆ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ ..
177
00:14:12,240 --> 00:14:16,640
ู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ุบู„ุงู ู‡ู†ุง ุจุณ ุจุชุฎุชู„ู ุงู„ู…ุณู…ูŠุงุช ู‡ูŠ ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ
178
00:14:16,640 --> 00:14:21,820
muscle cell ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ fiberุŒ
179
00:14:21,820 --> 00:14:27,340
ุงู„ membrane ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญูŠุท ุงู„ muscle fiber ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡
180
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sarcolemmaุŒ ูˆููŠู‡ุง specialized cytoplasm called ุฃูˆ
181
00:14:34,040 --> 00:14:40,590
termed sarcoplasm ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ myofibrils are contractile
182
00:14:40,590 --> 00:14:43,630
elementsุŒ ู‡ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ุงุญู†ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ contractile
183
00:14:43,630 --> 00:14:47,810
elements of the muscle is a cylindrical structure
184
00:14:47,810 --> 00:14:52,330
within the muscle fibers contain bundles of
185
00:14:52,330 --> 00:14:56,290
protein filaments called myofilamentsุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงุณู…
186
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ุงู„ู…ูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุงู„ myofilaments
187
00:15:06,410 --> 00:15:09,190
ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง two type of myofilaments ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุญุงุฌุฉ
188
00:15:09,190 --> 00:15:13,430
ุงุณู…ู‡ุง actin ูˆููŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง myosin ุงู„ thin filament
189
00:15:13,430 --> 00:15:17,270
ูˆ ุงู„ thick filament ุงู„ actin ูˆ ุงู„ myosin ู‡ูŠ ุงู„
190
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contractile ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง ุงู„ sarcomere ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„
191
00:15:20,450 --> 00:15:25,990
contractile elements of the .. of the muscle when
192
00:15:25,990 --> 00:15:30,270
ุงู„ myofibril shortens ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ sarcomere ุจูŠุชุฏุฎู„ ู…ุน
193
00:15:30,270 --> 00:15:37,290
ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. sorry ุงู„ุงูƒุชูŠู† ุจูŠุชุฏุฎู„ ู…ุน ุงู„
194
00:15:37,290 --> 00:15:41,230
myosin ุจุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ shortening ููŠ ุงู„ muscle
195
00:15:41,230 --> 00:15:45,850
ูุจูŠุณู…ู‡ุง contraction ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง muscle
196
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contraction ุงู„ myofibril lies parallel to one
197
00:15:50,090 --> 00:15:54,110
another within ุงู„ sarcoplasm ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ cytoplasm
198
00:15:54,110 --> 00:16:04,990
ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนุถู„ูŠุฉ ูˆ ุจูŠู…ุชุฏ ููŠ ูƒู„ ุทูˆู„ ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ููŠุจุฑ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃูˆ
199
00:16:04,990 --> 00:16:12,330
ููŠ ูƒู„ ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ they vary in number from a few to
200
00:16:12,330 --> 00:16:15,410
several thousand depending on the diameter of
201
00:16:15,410 --> 00:16:21,750
fiber ุจุชุนุชู…ุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ diameter of muscle fiber
202
00:16:25,620 --> 00:16:29,740
ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฃู†ุชู… ุดุงูŠููŠู† ูƒูŠู ุงู„ู€ sarco ู„ู…ู‘ุง ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€
203
00:16:29,740 --> 00:16:35,940
myofibril ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† muscle fiber ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง
204
00:16:35,940 --> 00:16:42,070
ุฃู†ุชู… ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ุง ูƒูŠู ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ myofibril ูˆ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
205
00:16:42,070 --> 00:16:47,130
ุงู„ sarcoplasma ูˆุทุจุนุง ุงู„ sarcoplasm ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุทูˆู„
206
00:16:47,130 --> 00:16:51,310
ุงู„ fiber ู†ูุณู‡ุง ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ sarcomere is a functional
207
00:16:51,310 --> 00:16:55,750
contractile unit of the muscle fiber ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ
208
00:16:55,750 --> 00:17:01,330
ููŠ ุงู„ contraction and relaxation as one unit ุทุจุนุง
209
00:17:01,330 --> 00:17:05,270
ุจุฎุชู„ู ุงู„ size ูˆ ุงู„ density ูˆ ุงู„ distribution of
210
00:17:05,270 --> 00:17:09,140
the thick and thin filaments ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ุงู„ muscle
211
00:17:09,140 --> 00:17:13,840
fiber ุงู„ banded ุฃูˆ illustrated appearance ุงู„ู„ูŠ
212
00:17:13,840 --> 00:17:17,480
ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู†ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุจูŠูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุง ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุญุฒู… ูˆุงู„ุญุฒู… ู‡ุฐู‡
213
00:17:17,480 --> 00:17:24,420
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุญุณุจ ุญุฌู…ู‡ุงุŒ ูƒุซุงูุชู‡ุงุŒ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุชูˆุฒูŠุนู‡ุงุŒ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ุดูƒู„
214
00:17:24,420 --> 00:17:30,890
ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุทุจ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ factors affecting ุงู„
215
00:17:30,890 --> 00:17:35,770
mechanical ุฃูˆ ุงู„ mechanics of muscleุŸ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
216
00:17:35,770 --> 00:17:40,410
ุฃุฑุจุน main factors ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ muscle architecture ุงู„ู„ูŠ
217
00:17:40,410 --> 00:17:46,290
ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุชุฎุทูŠุท ุงู„ู…ุนู…ุงุฑูŠ ุชุจุน ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅู†ุฌุงุฒ
ุงู„ุชุนุจูŠุฑุŒ ู‡ู†ุฏุณุฉ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆ ุงู„ muscle properties
218
00:17:46,290 --> 00:17:51,370
ุฅูŠุด ุฎูˆุงุต ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉุŒ ูˆููŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง muscle variables
219
00:17:51,370 --> 00:17:55,270
ุงู„ุญุงุฌุงุช ุงู„ู…ูƒูˆู†ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ muscle
220
00:17:55,270 --> 00:17:59,950
strength ู‚ูˆุฉ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆุนุงุดุฑ ุจูŠุนุชู…ุฏ ู‚ูˆุฉ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุงู„
221
00:17:59,950 --> 00:18:04,980
ArchitectureุŒ ุงู„ุชุตู…ูŠู… ุชุจุน ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉุŒ ู‡ู†ุฏุณุฉ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุฅู†
222
00:18:04,980 --> 00:18:09,760
ุงู„ู€ muscle model ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ mechanical model ุงู„ู„ูŠ
223
00:18:09,760 --> 00:18:13,640
ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู†ุง description ู„ู„ู€ function of the muscle
224
00:18:13,640 --> 00:18:17,120
during activity and during length ููŠ ู…ูƒูˆู†ุงุช
225
00:18:17,120 --> 00:18:21,060
ุฃุณุงุณูŠุฉุŒ ุซู„ุงุซ ู…ูƒูˆู†ุงุช ู„ู‡ ุฃูˆ components ููŠ ุฅู† ุงู„
226
00:18:21,060 --> 00:18:27,040
contractile component ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฅูŠู‡ ุฃุดู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุงู„
227
00:18:27,040 --> 00:18:30,700
contractile component ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ sarcomere
228
00:18:30,700 --> 00:18:32,740
ุงู„ู…ูŠูˆุณูŠู† ูˆุงู„ุฃูƒุชูŠู† ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ series elastic component
229
00:18:32,740 --> 00:18:36,820
ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ connective tissue ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
230
00:18:36,820 --> 00:18:40,180
ูˆู…ูˆุฒุนุฉ in series ุฒูŠ ู…ุซู„ุง ุงู„ูŠุงูŠ ุจุชุนุฑููˆุง ุงุญู†ุง ุจุงู„ููŠุฒูŠุงุก ูƒู†ุง
231
00:18:40,180 --> 00:18:44,940
ุจู†ุนุฑู ุญุงุฌุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชูˆุงู„ูŠ ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชูˆุงุฒูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชูˆุงุฒูŠ
232
00:18:44,940 --> 00:18:48,940
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ fibers ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ Parallel Elastic
233
00:18:48,940 --> 00:18:51,500
Component ุฒูŠ ู‚ุจู„ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุดูˆูู†ุง ุงู„ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„
234
00:18:51,500 --> 00:18:56,000
.. ุงู„ perimysium ูˆ ุงู„ endomysium ูˆ ุงู„ epimysium ุนุจุงุฑุฉ
235
00:18:56,000 --> 00:18:59,580
ุนู† ุฅูŠุด ุฎุดูŠุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ fibers ุฃูˆ ุงู„
236
00:18:59,580 --> 00:19:05,100
myofibrils ูˆุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ fibers ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ fascicles
237
00:19:05,100 --> 00:19:09,440
ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ .. in parallel ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุชูˆุงุฒูŠุฉ ูˆููŠ ุจูŠู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„
238
00:19:09,440 --> 00:19:15,130
ุงู„ contractile elements ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ูƒู…ุงู† connective
239
00:19:15,130 --> 00:19:18,330
tissue lies in a series ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชูˆุงู„ูŠ
240
00:19:18,330 --> 00:19:23,010
ูˆููŠ ุจูŠู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ contractile elements ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ูƒู…ุงู† connective
241
00:19:24,950 --> 00:19:28,750
ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง bone ูˆู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง bone ูˆููŠ
242
00:19:28,750 --> 00:19:33,410
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง series ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง elements ุฒูŠ ู…ุง
243
00:19:33,410 --> 00:19:37,610
ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ุง ู…ุดุจูˆูƒุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชูˆุงู„ูŠ ุจู‡ุง ุงู„ muscle
244
00:19:37,610 --> 00:19:42,450
fibers ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง parallel connective tissue ูƒู…ุงู†
245
00:19:42,450 --> 00:19:50,510
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชูˆุงุฒูŠ ูˆููŠ ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุฃูƒุชูŠู† ูˆุงู„ myosin
246
00:19:50,510 --> 00:19:57,120
ุชุจุน ุงู„ contractile components ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† overlapping
247
00:19:57,120 --> 00:20:02,660
of the actin and myosin filament ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู‡ูŠ
248
00:20:02,660 --> 00:20:08,100
contractile unit of the muscle it is responsible for
249
00:20:08,100 --> 00:20:12,160
tension generation ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ active tension ุฅูŠุด
250
00:20:12,160 --> 00:20:16,240
ุงู„ active tensionุŸ ู„ู…ุง ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุชุนู…ู„ contraction
251
00:20:16,240 --> 00:20:21,400
ุจุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ูู‡ูŠ ุชุชู†ูŠ ุฃูˆ ุชูุฑุฏ ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ ุฃู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
252
00:20:21,400 --> 00:20:26,310
the arrangement of sarcomere active contractionุงู„ู€
253
00:20:26,310 --> 00:20:31,830
affect the muscle ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ more sarcomere lies in
254
00:20:31,830 --> 00:20:35,870
series ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชูˆุงู„ูŠ ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุจุฏู‡ุง ุชูƒูˆู† longer
255
00:20:35,870 --> 00:20:39,290
myofibril
256
00:20:39,290 --> 00:20:43,370
and higher in velocity ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุทูˆู„ุช ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูƒู„ ู…ุง
257
00:20:43,370 --> 00:20:47,250
ู‚ุนุฏุชู†ูŠ ุฃุณุฑุน contraction ูŠุจู‚ู‰ rate of force
258
00:20:47,250 --> 00:20:51,290
production ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุนุฑุถุช ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ ุฃู† ุงู„ู€
259
00:20:51,290 --> 00:20:55,610
sarcomeres lies in parallel ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ุนุฑุถ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ูŠุจู‚ู‰
260
00:20:55,610 --> 00:20:59,590
large cross-sectional area of the myofibril and
261
00:20:59,590 --> 00:21:03,950
higher is the force produced ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ ุฅุญู†ุง ุจู†ุดูˆู ุงู„
262
00:21:03,950 --> 00:21:08,470
quadriceps ุนุถู„ุฉ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุนุฑูŠุถุฉ ูˆูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู„ูƒู† ุจุฑุถู‡ ู‚ูˆูŠุฉ
263
00:21:08,470 --> 00:21:12,090
ุจุชุญู…ู„ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ู„ู…ุง ุจู†ุณุนุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌ ุฅุญู†ุง ุฃูˆ ุจู†ู†ุฒู„
264
00:21:12,090 --> 00:21:16,200
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญู…ู„ู†ุง ุจุณ ุฃูƒุชุฑุฃูƒุชุฑ ุฅุดูŠ ุจูŠุญู…ู„ู†ุง ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู€
265
00:21:16,200 --> 00:21:19,700
quadriceps ุณูˆุงุก ููŠ concentric contraction ูˆุฅุญู†ุง
266
00:21:19,700 --> 00:21:23,880
ุทุงู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌ ุฃูˆ eccentric contraction ูˆุฅุญู†ุง ู†ุงุฒู„ูŠู†
267
00:21:23,880 --> 00:21:27,440
ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌ the muscle with shorter fibers and larger
268
00:21:27,440 --> 00:21:31,180
cross-sectional area are designed to produce force
269
00:21:31,180 --> 00:21:35,080
ุฒูŠ ุงู„ quadriceps ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ longer fibers designed to
270
00:21:35,080 --> 00:21:39,860
exertion of velocity ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุณุงุฑุชูˆุฑูŠุงุณ muscle ูˆู‡ูŠ
271
00:21:39,860 --> 00:21:46,170
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ุณุงุฑุชูˆุฑูŠุงุณ longุจู‡ูˆู† ุฃู…ุง erectus femoris
272
00:21:46,170 --> 00:21:50,270
ูˆ ุงู„ quadriceps ูู‡ูŠ lie in parallel ูู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง
273
00:21:50,270 --> 00:21:55,040
diameter ูƒุจูŠุฑ ูˆุจุชุงู„ูŠ ุจุชุณุงุนุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ stringุงู„ุฑูˆุญ ู„
274
00:21:55,040 --> 00:22:00,240
ุงู„ other architectures of the muscle fibers ุงู„
275
00:22:00,240 --> 00:22:04,060
series elastic component refers to the connective
276
00:22:04,060 --> 00:22:09,800
tissue within the tendon and lies in series within
277
00:22:09,800 --> 00:22:14,400
the contractile components ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ุตูุทุฉ ุงู„
278
00:22:14,400 --> 00:22:18,960
contractile ูˆ ุงู„ non contractile ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชูˆุงู„ูŠ
279
00:22:19,350 --> 00:22:24,630
ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง ุชุนู…ู„ smoothen out the rapid change in
280
00:22:24,630 --> 00:22:29,030
muscle syncุŒ ุชุนู…ู„ ุงู„ contraction ุฃูƒุซุฑ ูŠุณุฑ ูˆุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ
281
00:22:29,680 --> 00:22:33,520
ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ู€ Parallel Elastic Component ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ูˆุฒุนุฉ
282
00:22:33,520 --> 00:22:38,540
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชูˆุงุฒูŠ provided by the muscle membrane ุงู„ู„ูŠ
283
00:22:38,540 --> 00:22:42,140
ุฅุญู†ุง ุงุชุนุฑูู†ุง ุนู†ู‡ู… ุงู„ุงุจูŠู…ูŠุฒูŠุงู… ูˆ ุงู„ุจุฑูŠู…ูŠุฒูŠุงู… ูˆ
284
00:22:42,140 --> 00:22:46,600
ุงู„ุงู†ุฏูˆู…ูŠุฒูŠุงู… which surround or lie parallel to the
285
00:22:46,600 --> 00:22:52,380
contractile component ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุณุงุฑูƒูˆู„ูŠู…ุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ุงุจูŠู…ูŠุฒูŠุงู…
286
00:22:52,380 --> 00:22:55,820
ูˆ ุงู„ุจุฑูŠู…ูŠุฒูŠุงู… ูˆ ุงู„ุงู†ุฏูˆู…ูŠุฒูŠุงู… medium supplies
287
00:22:55,820 --> 00:22:59,640
resistant from the muscle passive less stretch
288
00:22:59,640 --> 00:23:04,100
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชุฎูŠู„ูˆุง ุฃู† ุฅู†ุช ู‚ุงุนุฏุฉ ุจุชุนู…ู„ stretch ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆ
289
00:23:04,100 --> 00:23:10,380
ุจุชุฑูˆุญูŠ ุจุชุงุฎุฏูŠ ุจุชุดุฏูŠ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ connective tissue ูˆ
290
00:23:10,380 --> 00:23:15,080
ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฅุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุจุดูˆูู‰ ู‡ู†ุง loaded bone ูˆ
291
00:23:15,080 --> 00:23:20,980
ู‡ู†ุง unloaded bone ููˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ุฒู…ุจุฑุงูƒุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุจุชู…ุซู„
292
00:23:20,980 --> 00:23:26,640
ุงู„ series elastic elements ูˆ ุงู„ parallel elastic
293
00:23:26,640 --> 00:23:30,060
elements ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฅุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„
294
00:23:30,060 --> 00:23:35,920
parallelism ุฃูˆ ูƒุงู†ู‡ุง ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ู‰ ู…ูŠูƒุงู†ูŠูƒุง ู„ .. ุฃูˆ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
295
00:23:35,920 --> 00:23:41,500
ุฎูˆุงุตู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ูŠูƒุงู†ูŠูƒูŠุฉ ู„ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ both
296
00:23:41,500 --> 00:23:45,040
series ูˆ ุงู„ parallel elastic component responsible
297
00:23:45,040 --> 00:23:49,360
for passive tension or resting tension ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„
298
00:23:49,360 --> 00:23:56,240
sarcomere ู‡ูŠ responsible for ุงู„ active tension ุฃู…ุง
299
00:23:56,240 --> 00:24:00,960
ู‡ุฏูˆู„ responsible for passive tension or resting
300
00:24:00,960 --> 00:24:06,640
tension ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ connective tissue ู‡ุงุฏูŠูˆุฌูˆุฏู‡ุง
301
00:24:06,640 --> 00:24:11,500
in parallel and series ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงู„ tone ุชุจุน
302
00:24:11,500 --> 00:24:16,180
ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุชุจุน ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุจูŠุญุงูุธ
303
00:24:16,180 --> 00:24:21,300
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู†ุถู„ู‡ุง ุฎูŠูˆุชู‡ุง ู…ุชู‚ุงุฑุจุฉ ุญุชู‰ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„
304
00:24:21,300 --> 00:24:25,500
release ู„ู„ tension ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุฑุฌุน ูƒู…ุงู† ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ
305
00:24:25,500 --> 00:24:30,630
ู„ุทูˆู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ stretching So there are two
306
00:24:30,630 --> 00:24:34,830
type of tension active tension ูˆ passive tension
307
00:24:34,830 --> 00:24:38,410
ุงู„ active tension produced by ุงู„ contractile
308
00:24:38,410 --> 00:24:41,690
elements of the muscle ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ passive tension
309
00:24:41,690 --> 00:24:46,570
produced by non contractile ุงู„ muscle architecture
310
00:24:46,570 --> 00:24:51,230
is related to the sarcomere or the fourth
311
00:24:51,230 --> 00:24:59,150
generator unit ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฃูƒุชูŠู† ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูŠูˆุณูŠู† ุทุจุนุง ุงู„
312
00:24:59,150 --> 00:25:02,570
importance of elastic component of the muscle ุฅูŠุด
313
00:25:02,570 --> 00:25:07,050
ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุงู‡ุง ู‚ุจู„ ุดูˆูŠุฉ keep the muscle readiness
314
00:25:07,050 --> 00:25:11,750
for contraction and assure that muscle tension is
315
00:25:11,750 --> 00:25:15,410
produced and transmitted smoothly during
316
00:25:15,410 --> 00:25:19,870
contraction ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุฃูƒุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู† ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ elements ู‡ุฐู‡
317
00:25:19,870 --> 00:25:23,910
ุงู„ elastic components ุจูŠุฎู„ูŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุฌุงู‡ุฒุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„
318
00:25:23,910 --> 00:25:27,920
ู„ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุชุนู…ู„contraction ู…ุด ู…ุฑุญูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ู„ุฃ ููŠ
319
00:25:27,920 --> 00:25:31,740
ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุช ุงู„ุงุณุชุนุฏุงุฏ ุฃู† ุชุนู…ู„ contraction ูˆ ุจูŠุณู‡ู„
320
00:25:31,740 --> 00:25:36,740
ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ contraction ุฑู‚ู… ุงุชู†ูŠู† assure that the
321
00:25:36,740 --> 00:25:40,440
contractile elements return to their original
322
00:25:40,440 --> 00:25:43,460
resting position when the contraction is
323
00:25:43,460 --> 00:25:48,520
terminated ุฃูˆ ุงู†ุชู‡ู‰ ุจุชุฑุฌุน ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ุทูˆู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ
324
00:25:48,520 --> 00:25:52,360
ู…ุงู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ contraction ูˆูƒู…ุงู† prevent passive
325
00:25:52,360 --> 00:25:56,900
overstretch ู„ู„contractile elements so reduce the
326
00:25:56,900 --> 00:26:01,300
danger of muscle injury ู„ูˆ ุตุงุฑ ููŠู‡ stretching ู„ุญุธุฉ
327
00:26:01,300 --> 00:26:05,240
ู„ูˆ ุดุฏูŠุชูˆุง ุฅูŠุฏูƒูˆุง ุฅู†ุชูˆุง ูƒุชูŠุฑ beyond ุงู„ normal
328
00:26:05,240 --> 00:26:08,620
ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูˆุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูƒูˆุง ุฃู„ู… ุงู„ุฃู„ู… ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†
329
00:26:08,620 --> 00:26:14,620
ุจูŠุธู‡ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ .. ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ passive tension ููŠ ุงู„
330
00:26:14,620 --> 00:26:19,010
elastic components of the muscle ูƒู…ุงู† there is a
331
00:26:19,010 --> 00:26:23,270
viscous property allows them to absorb energy
332
00:26:23,270 --> 00:26:26,910
properly proportional to the rate of the force
333
00:26:26,910 --> 00:26:31,570
applied ูˆุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ู†ุชุทุฑู‚ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ dissipating ู„ู„
334
00:26:31,570 --> 00:26:35,890
energy ูˆุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ู†ุทุฑู‚ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„viscosity ููŠ ุงู„
335
00:26:35,890 --> 00:26:40,600
properties of the muscle ู‡ู†ุง ุจู†ุฑูˆุญ ู„ู€ muscle
336
00:26:40,600 --> 00:26:46,140
properties ุฒูŠ ุงู„ elasticity ูˆ ุงู„ contractility ูˆ
337
00:26:46,140 --> 00:26:50,820
ุงู„ viscosity ูˆ ุงู„ distensibility ูˆ ุงู„ time
338
00:26:50,820 --> 00:26:53,380
dependent mechanical properties ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„
339
00:26:53,380 --> 00:26:57,160
creeping ูˆ ุงู„ stress relaxation ู†ุงุฎุฏู‡ู… ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ
340
00:26:57,570 --> 00:27:01,170
ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ contractility ุงู„ ability of the muscle
341
00:27:01,170 --> 00:27:06,430
to shorten and produce tension between its ends
342
00:27:06,430 --> 00:27:10,330
ุจุงู„ู…ู†ุงุณุจุฉ ุงู„ contractility ู„ุง ุชุนู†ูŠ all the time
343
00:27:10,330 --> 00:27:14,550
shorteningุŒ ูู‡ุชูƒูˆู† shortening ุฃูˆ lengtheningุŒ ุฅุญู†ุง
344
00:27:14,550 --> 00:27:19,210
ุจู†ุนู…ู„ ุงู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ muscle contraction ุฅุฐุง ุจุชุชุฐูƒุฑูˆู‡ุง
345
00:27:19,540 --> 00:27:23,220
ุฅุญู†ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ muscle ููŠู‡ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง concentric ูˆููŠู‡
346
00:27:23,220 --> 00:27:27,220
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง eccentric ูˆููŠู‡ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง static work ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุด
347
00:27:27,220 --> 00:27:32,240
ุฏุงูŠู…ุง ุงู„ contractility ุชุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุดูˆุฑุชู†ูŠู†ุฌ ุงู„ distance
348
00:27:32,240 --> 00:27:36,400
ability ุงู„ ability of the muscle to stretch or
349
00:27:36,400 --> 00:27:41,180
lengthen in response to externally applied load
350
00:27:41,180 --> 00:27:45,240
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุฅุญู†ุง ุนู…ู„ู†ุง this muscle stretching ู‡ุฐู‡
351
00:27:45,240 --> 00:27:49,100
ุงู„ุฎุงุตูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ distensibility ุจุชุณุงุนุฏู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†
352
00:27:49,100 --> 00:27:52,900
ู†ุนู…ู„ ุงู„ stretching ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ elasticity ูู‡ูŠ ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ
353
00:27:52,900 --> 00:27:58,100
ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ fibers ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชุนูˆุฏ ู„ูˆุถุนู‡ุง ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ
354
00:27:58,100 --> 00:28:02,260
is the resistance to distortion and is the
355
00:28:02,260 --> 00:28:06,260
opposite of distensibility ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ elasticity ุนูƒุณ
356
00:28:06,260 --> 00:28:09,980
ุงู„ distensibility ุงู„ elasticity ู‡ูŠ ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ
357
00:28:10,450 --> 00:28:13,990
refers to the property of the tissue to return to
358
00:28:13,990 --> 00:28:20,270
its unstrained or unoriginal length after being
359
00:28:20,270 --> 00:28:25,000
deformed ุฎุงุตูŠุฉ ุงู„viscoelasticity ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†
360
00:28:25,000 --> 00:28:28,840
ุงู„viscosity ู‡ูŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ุฒูˆุฌุฉ ุงู„ู„ุฒูˆุฌุฉ ุฏุงูŠู…ุง ุฅูŠุด
361
00:28:28,840 --> 00:28:34,760
ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ู„ุฒูˆุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุฃู† ุจุชุณุงุนุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุชู…ุงุซู‚ู‡ุง means
362
00:28:34,760 --> 00:28:39,000
the muscle internal resistant to elongation
363
00:28:39,000 --> 00:28:44,620
increase with the rate of stretch ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุดุฏู†ุง
364
00:28:44,620 --> 00:28:52,270
ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉู‚ุงูˆู…ุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดุฏ ุงู„viscosity helps
365
00:28:52,270 --> 00:28:58,350
protect the muscle from being damaged by a quick
366
00:28:58,350 --> 00:29:03,510
and forceful stretch ุชุญู…ูŠู‡ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ู†ุตูŠุฑ
367
00:29:03,510 --> 00:29:08,890
ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุดุฏ ู…ูุงุฌุฆ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุนู…ู„ damage ู„ู„ fibers ุฃูˆ
368
00:29:08,890 --> 00:29:13,450
cut ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ fibers ุฃูˆ stretch ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ fibers
369
00:29:13,900 --> 00:29:18,060
ุงู„ู€ Elasticity ูˆ ุงู„ู€ viscoelasticity serve as
370
00:29:18,060 --> 00:29:22,200
damming mechanism that protect the structural
371
00:29:22,200 --> 00:29:25,800
component of the muscle and tendon ุญุงูุธ ุนู„ู‰
372
00:29:25,800 --> 00:29:33,120
ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุชุŒ ุจุชู‚ู„ู„ ูุฑุตุฉ ุงู„ damageุŒ ุจุชู‡ุฏูŠุŒ ุฎู„ูŠู†ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู„
373
00:29:33,120 --> 00:29:38,660
ุจุชู‡ุฏูŠ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ stretching ู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุฃู†ู‡ ุจุชุฎู„ูŠ ู…ุงูŠุนู…ู„ุด
374
00:29:38,660 --> 00:29:44,540
damage ููŠ ุงู„ structure ุฃูˆ of the muscle or the
375
00:29:44,540 --> 00:29:52,190
tendon ู†ุฑูˆุญ ู„ู„ู€time-dependent mechanical properties
376
00:29:52,190 --> 00:29:56,570
ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€creeping ูˆุงู„ู€stress relaxation ุฅูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ
377
00:29:56,570 --> 00:30:00,590
creepingุŸ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€creeping ุงู„ุฒุญู ุทุจ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ
378
00:30:00,590 --> 00:30:04,550
ุจูŠุตูŠุฑุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุฅู† ุงุญู†ุง ู„ูˆ ุดุฏูŠู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุงุญู†ุง
379
00:30:04,550 --> 00:30:08,330
ุจู†ุนู…ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€stretching ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฅุชุนุฑูุช ูˆุฏุฑุณุชู‡ ูˆ
380
00:30:08,330 --> 00:30:11,270
ู‚ู„ู†ุง ููŠู‡ ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† techniques ู„ู„ุตูุบู… ููŠ ุงู„
381
00:30:11,270 --> 00:30:13,410
physiotherapy ุงุญู†ุง ุงู„ู€stretching ุงู„ู€stretching
382
00:30:13,410 --> 00:30:17,930
ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฅูŠุดุŸ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุดุฏ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู‡ุฏูู†ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ู†ุนู…ู„
383
00:30:17,930 --> 00:30:21,990
ุฅุทุงู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุชุŒ ุฅุทุงู„ุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุญู†ุง ุจู†ููƒ ููŠ ูƒูŠุฎูŠ ูˆ
384
00:30:21,990 --> 00:30:25,870
ู†ุทู„ุน ุนุถู„ุงุช ูˆุจู†ุดุฏู‡ ู„ุจู†ุงู†ุŒ ุทูŠุจ ุฅุญู†ุง ุจุณ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุทูˆู„
385
00:30:25,870 --> 00:30:29,290
ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆุชุฑุฌุน ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ู†ุฎู„ุต ุงู„ู€stretchingุŒ ุชุฑุฌุน
386
00:30:29,290 --> 00:30:33,330
ู„ูˆุถุนู‡ุง ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ู„ู€shorting ูˆู„ุง ุฅุญู†ุง ุจุฏู†ุง ูŠุฒูŠุฏ ุทูˆู„
387
00:30:33,330 --> 00:30:37,030
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉุŒ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ู‡ุฏูู†ุง ูŠุฒูŠุฏ ู‡ุฐุง ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ูุจุฏู†ุง
388
00:30:37,030 --> 00:30:39,810
ู†ุฏูˆุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€creeping ูˆุงู„ู€stress relaxation
389
00:30:40,450 --> 00:30:43,910
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ defined as the progressive strain or
390
00:30:43,910 --> 00:30:47,990
deformation of the material when exposed to
391
00:30:47,990 --> 00:30:53,210
constant load over time ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุดุฑุทูŠู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
392
00:30:53,210 --> 00:30:57,690
constant load ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง time ูƒู…ุงู† ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุถู„ู†ุง ุงุญู†ุง
393
00:30:57,690 --> 00:31:01,270
ู…ุชุฐูƒุฑูŠู† ุฅู†ู‡ ุฃู†ุง ู„ูˆ ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุนู…ู„ stretching ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ ุจุฏูŠ
394
00:31:01,270 --> 00:31:05,590
ูˆู‚ุช ูƒู…ุงู† ูŠุถู„ูˆุง applied ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€stretch ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ
395
00:31:06,460 --> 00:31:09,720
this is typically demonstrated by suddenly
396
00:31:09,720 --> 00:31:14,360
stretching a sample and then holding the load
397
00:31:14,360 --> 00:31:18,780
constant afterward ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุจุดุฏ ุจุถู„ ุดุฏุฏ ู„ูุชุฑุฉ
398
00:31:18,780 --> 00:31:22,680
ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€sample ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ู‡ุฐุง
399
00:31:22,680 --> 00:31:27,000
ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ deformation ูƒู„ู…ุฉ deformation ู…ุด ุชุดูˆู‡
400
00:31:27,000 --> 00:31:32,120
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุชุนุทูŠ ู…ุนู†ู‰ show ุจุณ ู„ุฃ ุจุฒูŠุฏ ุงู„ุทูˆู„ ุงุชุบูŠุฑ
401
00:31:32,120 --> 00:31:36,560
ุตุงุฑ ููŠ ุฅู† ุจู†ุณู…ูŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ exhibiting, equipping ูŠุนู†ูŠ
402
00:31:36,560 --> 00:31:42,020
ุงุชุบูŠุฑ ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ู€fibers ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุงู„ุธุจุท ูŠุง ุตุจุงุญูŠ ุงุญู†ุง
403
00:31:42,020 --> 00:31:47,920
ุจู†ุชูƒู„ู… ู…ุฑุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุนู† ูƒูŠู ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ูˆุณุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฎุตุฑ
404
00:31:47,920 --> 00:31:51,780
ุงู„ุจู†ุทู„ูˆู† ุงู„ู€pajama ู„ู…ุง ุจู†ุดุชุฑูŠู‡ ุฅูŠุด ุจู†ุนู…ู„ุŸ ุจู†ุถู„ู†ุง
405
00:31:51,780 --> 00:31:55,520
ู†ุดุฏู‡ ุฃูˆู„ ู…ุง ู†ู„ุจุณ ุฎุตุฑ ุงู„ู€..ุงู„ู€.. ุงู„ุจู†ุทู„ูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ
406
00:31:55,520 --> 00:32:00,020
ุฌุฏูŠุฏ ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุญุฒ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุฎุณุฑู†ุง ุตุญูŠุญุŸ ู„ูˆ ุงุญู†ุง ุดุฏูŠู†ุงู‡ุง
407
00:32:00,020 --> 00:32:05,060
ู„ูุชุฑุฉ ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉ ุจุตูŠุฑ ุจุชุจุฑูุน ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ู€pajamas
408
00:32:05,060 --> 00:32:07,900
ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุฏุจุณ ูƒุงู… ุจู„ุจุณู‡ุง ูˆุชู†ุบุณู„ ูƒุงู… ุจู†ุบุณู„ู‡ุง ุจู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ
409
00:32:07,900 --> 00:32:11,960
ุจุฑู‚ ุงู„ู€.. ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฎุตุฑ ุงู„ุจู†ุทู„ูˆู† ุฏู‡..ุฏู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุงู„ุธุจุท
410
00:32:11,960 --> 00:32:17,000
ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู„ู…ุง ุชูŠุฌูŠ ุชูุชุญูŠ ุงู„ุจู†ุทู„ูˆู† ูˆุชุดุฏูŠู‡ ุนู„ู‰
411
00:32:17,000 --> 00:32:20,640
ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑ ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ููŠ ู…ู‚ุงูˆู…ุฉ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ุถู„ูŠุชูŠ
412
00:32:20,640 --> 00:32:24,940
ุดุฏู‡ุง ุจุชุฎููŠ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงูˆู…ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง stress
413
00:32:24,940 --> 00:32:31,710
relaxation ู‡ูˆ defined as the decrease in stress in
414
00:32:31,710 --> 00:32:35,190
the deformed structure over time when the
415
00:32:35,190 --> 00:32:39,670
deformation is held constant in other words when
416
00:32:39,670 --> 00:32:42,950
the structure is suddenly strained and then
417
00:32:42,950 --> 00:32:47,940
maintained at a constant length after a period of
418
00:32:47,940 --> 00:32:53,480
time there is slow loss of tension ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง
419
00:32:53,480 --> 00:32:58,000
ุจู†ุทุจู‚ู‡ ุงุญู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุนู…ู„ ุฅุทุงู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุฃูˆ ู„ูˆ ู…ุง
420
00:32:58,000 --> 00:33:03,960
ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุญุณู† ุฏูŠ formุฉ ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€club food treatment
421
00:33:03,960 --> 00:33:10,990
of the club food by the application also of stretch
422
00:33:10,990 --> 00:33:14,910
ุฅูŠุด ุจู†ุนู…ู„ ุงุญู†ุง ุงู„ู€club foot ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู€inward
423
00:33:14,910 --> 00:33:20,770
deformity of the foot ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ู€foot ูˆูƒุฃู† ุงู„ู€two
424
00:33:20,770 --> 00:33:26,010
feet ุจุชู‚ููˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุถ ุชู…ุงู… ูู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู†ุญุฑุงู ููŠ
425
00:33:26,010 --> 00:33:30,740
ุงู„ู‚ุฏู… ู„ู„ุฏุงุฎู„ ุทุจ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุนู…ู„ู‡ุŸ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุนู…ู„
426
00:33:30,740 --> 00:33:33,980
stretching ูˆุจู†ุญุท casts ุจู†ุนู…ู„ ุงู„ู€stretching ูˆุจู†ุญุท
427
00:33:33,980 --> 00:33:37,200
cast ุทุจ ุจู†ุญุท ุงู„ู€cast ู„ูุชุฑุฉ ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉ ุฃูˆู„ ูŠูˆู… ุงู„ู€baby
428
00:33:37,200 --> 00:33:41,120
ุจู†ุญุท ููŠ ุงู„ู€cast ุจูŠู†ุงู…ุด ุฃู…ู‡ ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุจูƒูŠ ูˆูŠุจูƒูŠ
429
00:33:41,120 --> 00:33:46,000
ูˆูŠุจูƒูŠ ูˆูŠุตุฑุฎ ูˆู…ูˆุฌูˆู‡ ุทุจุนุง ุจุนุฏ ูŠูˆู…..ูŠูˆู…ูŠู† ุจู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ
430
00:33:46,000 --> 00:33:50,800
ุจูŠู‡ุฏุฃ ุงู„ุทูู„ ูˆุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ุฃู†ุณุฌุฉ ุทุจุนุชู‡ ูˆุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุทุจุนุชู‡
431
00:33:50,800 --> 00:33:55,360
ุจุชุทูˆู„ ูˆุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง stress relaxation
432
00:33:55,360 --> 00:33:59,690
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠู‡ุฏุฃ tension ูˆุจุชุฒูŠุฏ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ deformation
433
00:33:59,690 --> 00:34:04,770
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุทุงู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุฃู†ุณุฌุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุทูˆู„ู‡ุง ูˆูƒู…ุงู† ุงู„ู€
434
00:34:04,770 --> 00:34:09,230
treatment of scoliosis of that rank ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุงุญู†ุง
435
00:34:09,230 --> 00:34:13,290
ุฅู† ุงู„ู€scoliosis ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู€lateral deviation
436
00:34:13,290 --> 00:34:18,990
ุฃูˆ deformity of the vertebral column ุทุจ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ูƒูŠู
437
00:34:18,990 --> 00:34:22,670
ุจูŠุนุงู„ุฌูˆู‡ู…ุŸ ุจูŠุนุงู„ุฌูˆู‡ู… ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง spinal
438
00:34:22,670 --> 00:34:28,130
press ุจุญุทูˆู‡ ุจู„ุจุณูˆู‡ jackets ูƒุฏู‡ for long period of
439
00:34:28,130 --> 00:34:33,010
time ูˆุจูŠุถู„ู‡ู… ูŠุนุฏู„ูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€curvature ุชุจุนุชู‡ุง ู„ุฅู†ู‡ุง
440
00:34:33,010 --> 00:34:37,730
abnormal lateral curvature of the spine ุจูŠุถู„ู‡ู…
441
00:34:37,730 --> 00:34:42,510
ูŠุนุฏู„ูˆุง ููŠ ุชุฌุงู‡ ุฅู†ู‡ู… ูŠูุชุญูˆุง ูˆูŠุนุฏู„ูˆุง ู‡ุงู„ุชู‚ูˆุณ ุงู„ุบูŠุฑ
442
00:34:42,510 --> 00:34:46,980
ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู€vertebral column during this time there
443
00:34:46,980 --> 00:34:50,200
is progressive stretch ุฃูˆ deformation of the
444
00:34:50,200 --> 00:34:54,940
shortened back muscle that lead to realignment of
445
00:34:54,940 --> 00:34:58,520
the normal spine ุทุจุนุง ุงุญู†ุง ุนุงุฑููŠู† ู„ู…ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุญุงู„ุฉ
446
00:34:58,520 --> 00:35:05,840
ุงู„ู€scoliosis ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ุนู…ูˆุฏ
447
00:35:05,840 --> 00:35:11,860
ุงู„ูู‚ุฑูŠ ุฎู„ูŠู†ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ู…ุนูˆุด
448
00:35:11,860 --> 00:35:15,280
ุงุญู†ุง ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุนุฏู„ู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุดูƒู„ู‡ ู‡ูŠูƒ
449
00:35:17,980 --> 00:35:23,120
ุชู…ุงู… ุงุญู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุนุฏู„ ู…ู† hand ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ ุฅู†ู‡ ุจุฏู†ุง
450
00:35:23,120 --> 00:35:29,500
ู†ุนู…ู„ apply ู„ู€force ู‡ู†ุง ูˆapply ู„ู€force ู‡ู†ุง ุนุดุงู†
451
00:35:29,500 --> 00:35:37,080
ู†ุดุฏ ุนุดุงู† ูŠุนุฏู„ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุฒูŠ..ุฒูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฃุณูู„
452
00:35:37,080 --> 00:35:39,780
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุฏู‡ุง ู…ุญูŠุฉ ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุญูŠุฉุŸ
453
00:35:46,790 --> 00:35:51,630
ู…ุด ุนุงุฑูุฉ ู‡ุงุฏ ุจุชู…ุญูˆู‡ุง ู„ุญุงู„ูƒู… ู…ุด ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰
454
00:35:51,630 --> 00:35:55,630
ุงุญู†ุง ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุนู…ู„ realignment ุนุดุงู† ู†ุฑุฌุน ู„ู„ู€normal
455
00:35:55,630 --> 00:36:02,590
spine ุฃูˆ ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ู€spine ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงุญู†ุง
456
00:36:02,590 --> 00:36:09,230
ุจู†ูƒูˆู† ูˆุตู„ู†ุง ู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุชู†ุง ู„ู„ูŠูˆู… ูˆุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡
457
00:36:09,230 --> 00:36:11,950
ุจู†ุดูˆููƒู…
458
00:36:13,900 --> 00:36:19,040
ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฑุจ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠู†