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ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„... ููŠ ุงู„ previous
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meeting .. ููŠ ุงู„ previous meeting ููŠ ุงู„ู„ู‚ุงุกุงุช
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ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠุฉ ูƒู†ุง ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ุงู„ interest rates ูˆ ุงู„
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effective rate of return ูˆ ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุฅู†
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ุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุญูƒูŠ .. ู†ุญุณุจ ุงู„ effective annual
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return if it is less than one year ุฅุฐุง ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุณู†ุฉ
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we can use this calculation or this equation and
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if it is greater than one year so we can use this
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one this is the idea of the interest rate of return
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so the most important thing is coming in the
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further stages ุงู„ุดุบู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฃู‡ู… ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุฌุงูŠุฉ ููŠ
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ุงู„ุตูุญุงุช ุงู„ุฌุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุนู…ู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุชุทุจูŠู‚ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุด
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ูƒุซูŠุฑ ุฃู†ู‡ ุงุญู†ุง ุจุณ introduction ู„ูƒู… ู‡ู†ุทุจู‚ ููŠ
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ุงู„ู„ู‚ุงุกุงุช ุงู„ุฌุงูŠุฉ how we can use the interest rate
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of return ูƒูŠู ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ interest rate of
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return if you look carefully at this table ู†ุชุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
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relationship between treasury bills and the
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inflation ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ treasury bills ูˆ ุจูŠู† ุงู„
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inflation and this is a very important
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relationship between inflation and the treasury
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bills rate of return ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู‡ู… ุฃู†ู†ุง ู†ุนุฑู
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ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุชุถุฎู… ูˆุจูŠู† ุงู„ุนู‚ุฏ ุงู„ุชุถุฎู… ูˆุจูŠู† ุงู„ุนู‚ุฏ
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ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ interest rate ูˆ ุงู„ inflation ุทูŠุจ ู„ูˆ
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ุงุญู†ุง ุทู„ุนู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ treasury bills in 1926 it is 3
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.71 okay the real treasury bills is 0.70 the
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inflation is 3.10 just focus on ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุงุŒ ู„ุฐู„ูƒุŒ
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ุนู…ู„ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุชุญุฐูŠุฑ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู† 10 ู‡ูŠ 3.70 ูˆุงู„ุชุญุฐูŠุฑ 3
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.10ุŒ ูู…ุงุฐุง ุชูู‡ู…ูŠู† ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุงุŸ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ู‡ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง
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ุชุฒุฏุงุฏ ุงู„ุชุญุฐูŠุฑุŒ ุงู†ุธุฑ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชุญุฐูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชุฒุฏุงุฏ
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ุงู„ุชุญุฐูŠุฑุŒ ุชุชู‚ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุชุญุฐูŠุฑ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ and this is
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what we yes this is what we said in before three
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meetings ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ุฃู† ุงู„ R small r is equal R minus I
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ุงู„ I when I increase R decrease ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุงู„ I ุจุชุฒูŠุฏ
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ุงู„ inflation ุจุชุฒูŠุฏ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุงู„ R small r decrease ุทูŠุจ
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look at treasury bills and inflation if you look
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at the chart ุฅุฐุง ุงุญู†ุง ุทู„ุนู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ chart if you
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look at this chart this
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is .. ู‡ูŠ is the treasury bills ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ treasury
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bills and this is R of treasury bills ุฅุฐุง ู‚ุฑุฑู†ุง ุฃู†
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ู‡ุฐุง 3.7 ููŠ ุฌู…ูŠุนู‡ู…ุŒ ูู‡ุฐุง 3.71 ููŠ ุฌู…ูŠุนู‡ู…ุŒ ูู‡ุฐุง 3.71
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ููŠ ุฌู…ูŠุนู‡ู…ุŒ ูู‡ุฐุง 3.71 ููŠ ุฌู…ูŠุนู‡ู…ุŒ ูู‡ุฐุง 3.71 ููŠ
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ุฌู…ูŠุนู‡ู…ุŒ ูู‡ุฐุง 3.71 ููŠ ุฌู…ูŠุนู‡ู…ุŒ ูู‡ุฐุง 3.71 ููŠ ุฌู…ูŠุนู‡ู…ุŒ
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ุฌู…ูŠุนู‡ู…ุŒ ูู‡ุฐุง 3.71 ููŠ ุฌู…ูŠุนู‡ู…ุŒ ูู‡ุฐุง 3.10 ููŠ ุฌู…ูŠุนู‡ู…ุŒ
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ูู‡ุฐุง 3.10 ููŠ ุฌู…ูŠุนู‡ู…ุŒ ูู‡ุฐุง 3.10 ููŠ ุฌู…ูŠุนู‡ู…ุŒ ูู‡ุฐุง 3
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.10 ููŠ ุฌู…ูŠุนู‡ู…ุŒ ูู‡ุฐุง 3.10 ููŠ ุฌู…ูŠุนู‡ู…ุŒ
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ูู‡ุฐุง
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.70 sorry okay approximately look
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at here if we look carefully at this ุฎู„ูŠู†ูŠ ุจุณ
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ุฃููƒุจุฑ ู„ูƒู… zooming out ุฃูƒุจุฑ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุนุดุงู† ุช understand
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this
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this is a very very important if you don't
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understand this it means you will challenge
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problems in the in the next three four pages ุฅุฐุง
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ู…ุง ูู‡ู…ุชูˆุด ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ู‡ุชูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูƒู… ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ูƒู…ุงู†
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ุฃุฑุจุน ุฎู…ุณ ุตูุญุงุช ุดูˆููˆุง ู‡ูŠูƒ you
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know this this is security market line ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ
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security market line and this is treasury bills as
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I said all of this is R which is equal to 3.71 so
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the nominal R is the nominal the nominal of the
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treasury bills is 3.71 as in the table here 3.71
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the inflation rate is 3 is this area 3.10
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this is I so I is three point one so now according
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to this chart ุญุณุจ ุงู„ chart ู‡ู†ุง this is the real
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rate of return R just apply this equation R small
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R is equal big R minus I so this is big R all of
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this minus I so we get .. we end up with small r
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okay so if you increase I look at this if you
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increase I, R becomes smaller and smaller ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒู„
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ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุฒูˆุฏ ุงู„ IุŒ ุงู„ I ุจุชุตูŠุฑ smaller and smaller
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ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ small r the real rate of return becomes
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smaller and smaller ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ุชู†ุฎูุถ ุงู„ real rate
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of return what
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you observe then what we observe we observe many
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things ุงูŠุด ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ู„ุงุญุธุŸ ุจู†ู„ุงุญุธ ูƒุซูŠุฑ ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุงู„ first
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one we have a negative relationship between small
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r and I as I become bigger and bigger, R becomes
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smaller and smaller ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุงู„ I ุจุชูƒุจุฑ ุงู„ R
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ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ุชู‚ู„ okay just from the chart point of view
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ู…ู† ูˆุฌู‡ุฉ ู†ุธุฑ ุงู„ chart we know this from the
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equation point of view ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ูุงู‡ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู‡ุฐุง
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ู…ู† ูˆุฌู‡ุฉ ู†ุธุฑ ุงู„ equation as the equation saying and
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this is
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this table is an accurate table and a real table
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from the united states ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ table ุตุญูŠุญ ู…ู† ุงู„
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united states from nineteen twenty six to two
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thousand and nine ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู† ุณู†ุฉ ุฃู„ู ูˆุชุณุนู…ุงุฆุฉ
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ูˆุชุณุนุฉ ูˆุนุดุฑูŠู† ู„ุณู†ุฉ ุฃู„ู ูˆุชุณุนู…ุงุฆุฉ ู„ุณู†ุฉ ุฃู„ููŠ ูˆุชุณุนุฉ
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ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ table ุตุญูŠุญ okay so the the real treasury
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bills is point seventy so the the one observation
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is as as i explained the one observation is when I
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become bigger and bigger R become smaller and
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smaller ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุจุชูƒุจุฑ ุงู„ I ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุงู„ R real ูƒู„
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ู…ุง ูƒุงู†ุช decrease other factors are equal other
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factors and equal ู…ุนุซุจุงุช ุงู„ุนูˆุงู…ู„ ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰ other
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factors are equal okay now if you compare between
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the 1968 with 1968,
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2009 and 1926, 1967 ู†ุชุทู„ุน ูˆู†ุดูˆู ุงุญู†ุง ุจุงู„ .. ู„ูˆ
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ู‚ุฑุฑู†ุง ุงู„ 1968 ู„ 2009 ู…ุน ุงู„ 1926 ู„ 1967 what you
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observe the treasury bills is greater than .. the
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real .. sorry .. the treasury bills is greater
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than the R nominal of treasury bills in the recent
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years is greater than in the .. in the early .. in
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the .. in the previous years ู†ุชุทู„ุน ููŠ ุงู„ .. ููŠ
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ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ .. ููŠ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ .. ุงู„
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real .. sorry ุงู„ nominal rate of return one point
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sixty seven ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ 26 ู„ู„ 67 ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ 1.67
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ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ nominal rate of return ู…ู† ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ 68 ู„
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2009 ุงู„ nominal rate of return ุฒุงุฏ you know whyุŸ ููŠ
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ุญุฏ ูŠุนุฑู ู„ูŠุดุŸ from the chart from the table look at
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the table how much the inflation increase you are
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right ุงู„ inflation ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุณุจุจ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุชู… ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุฃู†ู‡
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ุทู„ุนูˆุง ุฃู†ุชู… just compare this with this ุฃู†ู‡ ูƒุงู† five
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point seventy five sorry ููŠ ุงู„ุณู†ูˆุงุช ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑุฉ ุจุนุฏ
114
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ุณุจุนุฉ ูˆ ุซู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆ ุณุชูŠู† ุงู„ nominal rate of return
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five point seventy five ููŠ ุงู„ุณุงุจุนุฉ ูˆ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ูˆ ุณุจุนุฉ ูˆ
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ุณุชูŠู† ู‚ุฏูŠู…ู‹ุง 1.67 whyุŸ ู„ูŠุด .. ุณุคุงู„ .. ุณุคุงู„ ู…ุฎุชุตุฑ ู„ูŠุด
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ุงู„ nominal rate of return ุฒุงุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ูุชุฑุงุช ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑุฉ
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ูุงุทู…ุฉ she said because of inflation look at this
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the inflation because of the .. ุขู‡ ุงู„ inflation
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00:10:21,790 --> 00:10:30,250
ุฒุงุฏ ูุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุจุงู„ุธุจุท ุดุงูŠููŠู† ูุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุทุฑุฏูŠุฉ ุฅุฐุง ู‡ุฐู‡ this
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is the first the second the second relation is as
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long as I increase as long as I increase sorry I
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increase
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when I is become grow .. become bigger and bigger
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the big R become bigger and bigger so this is
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positive relation between the nominal rate
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of return and I look at here this is the second ู„ูˆ
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ุงุญู†ุง ุทู„ุนู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดุบู„ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ from the table look at
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the table ู„ุงุญุธู†ุง ุฃู† ุงู„ inflation ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุดูˆ ุงู„
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nominal rate of return ุตุบูŠุฑ ุตุงุฑ ู„ุงุญุธู†ุง ุฃู† ุงู„
131
00:11:12,420 --> 00:11:15,920
inflation ุฒุงุฏุช ุงู„ nominal rate of return ุดูˆ ุตุงุฑ
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ููŠู‡ decrease
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Okay ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุงูŠ .. ู‡ุงูŠ ุณุจุจ .. ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุงูŠ ู…ู„ุงุญุธุฉ ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ
134
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.. the second observation ู‡ุงูŠ observation ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ
135
00:11:27,460 --> 00:11:36,040
ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ู„ุงุญุธู‡ุง ู„ูˆ ุจุฏู†ุง .. okay ุงู„ real ู„ู…ุง ุจูŠู‚ู„ ุดูˆ
136
00:11:36,040 --> 00:11:44,500
ุณุจุจ ุฃู†ู‡ ุจูŠู‚ู„ุŸ ู…ู†ุงุดุฑ ุงู„ real
137
00:11:44,500 --> 00:11:50,430
.. ุงู„ real ุจูŠู‚ู„ okay ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ real ุจุฏูŠ ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ุชู‰ ุจูŠู‚ู„
138
00:11:50,430 --> 00:11:56,270
ุงู„ real ุจูŠู‚ู„ ุนุดุงู† ุงู„ inflation ุจุชุฒูŠุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
139
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ุงู„ real ู‡ู†ุง is a function of ุฎุฏ ุจุงู„ูƒ ุงู„ real is
140
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independent ู…ุณุชู‚ู„ ุนููˆุง ุนุงู…ู„ ุชุงุจุน ู„ู€ is dependent
141
00:12:05,350 --> 00:12:08,870
ุนุงู…ู„ ุชุงุจุน ู„ู€ .. ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ inflation ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ูƒู„
142
00:12:08,870 --> 00:12:16,510
ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ I ู‡ูŠ ุนุงู…ู„ุฉ ูƒู„ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู„ูŠุดุŸ
143
00:12:23,060 --> 00:12:29,720
ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃู‚ู„ ูŠุทู„ุน ุงูŠุด ุงู„ .. ุงู„ real ู‡ุฐุง ุงู‡ ุจุณ
144
00:12:29,720 --> 00:12:32,780
ุฎุฏ ุจุงู„ูƒ ุฃู† ุงู„ treasure bills ุฒุงุฏุช ูˆ ุงู„ inflation
145
00:12:32,780 --> 00:12:36,660
ุฒุงุฏุช ูุงู„ูุฑู‚ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ุฎู„ู‰ ุงู„ real ูŠุฒูŠุฏ ูƒู…ุงู† ุทุจุนุง
146
00:12:36,660 --> 00:12:42,620
ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ู‡ุฐุง ู†ู‚ุต ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุฎู„ู‰ ูŠุฒูŠุฏ ุทูŠุจ ู‡ุฐุง
147
00:12:42,620 --> 00:12:47,460
ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู†ุงุฒู„ูŠู† ูุจูŠุฎู„ู‰ ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ู†ุงุฒู„ุฉุฐุง ุงู„ spread
148
00:12:47,460 --> 00:12:51,340
ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ ุทูŠุจ
149
00:12:51,340 --> 00:12:55,600
ููŠ
150
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ุญุฏ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู…ู„ุงุญุธุงุช ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุทูŠุจ ู†ุชุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ .. ุณุชุฉ ูˆ
151
00:13:01,800 --> 00:13:09,160
ุนุดุฑูŠู† ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ูˆ ุณุชุฉ ุนุดุฑ ุงุชุทู„ุนูˆุง
152
00:13:09,160 --> 00:13:15,240
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ charts ุฃูƒุซุฑ inflation ุงู„ risk ุงุชุทู„ุนูˆุง ู†ุชุทู„ุน
153
00:13:15,240 --> 00:13:18,930
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ risk ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ .. until ู‡ูˆ average annual
154
00:13:18,930 --> 00:13:22,310
return ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจ ู‡ูˆ return ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจ ุงุณู…ู‡ risk
155
00:13:22,310 --> 00:13:24,770
ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุงูŠ standard deviation of annual return
156
00:13:24,770 --> 00:13:30,610
standard deviation of annual return ู†ุชุทู„ุน ุงุญู†ุง ุนู„ู‰
157
00:13:30,610 --> 00:13:37,710
ุงู„ risk ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ inflation ุชุฏุฎู… ูˆูŠู†
158
00:13:37,710 --> 00:13:44,190
ูƒุงู† ุฃูƒุซุฑ ููŠู‡ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุชุฏุฎู… ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู…ู† 26 ู„ 67 ู„ูŠุด ุทูŠุจ
159
00:13:44,190 --> 00:13:50,940
ุชุนุฑููˆุง ุญุฏุงุดุฑ why this ู„ูŠุด ูƒุงู† ุงู„ risk ู…ู† ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ 26
160
00:13:50,940 --> 00:13:55,080
ู„ 67 ุฃุนู„ู‰ riskุŸ
161
00:13:55,080 --> 00:14:04,760
ููŠ ุฃู‡ู… ู…ู† ุงู„ุญุฑูˆุจ ูƒุงู†ุช ููŠ ุณู†ุฉ 1929 ุดูˆ ูƒุงู† ู„ู†ุงุŸ big
162
00:14:04,760 --> 00:14:07,400
recession because of the big recession the big
163
00:14:07,400 --> 00:14:11,260
recession this is why the inflation rate is
164
00:14:11,260 --> 00:14:14,580
greater than any other stages
165
00:14:15,630 --> 00:14:20,010
because of the big recession ุงู„ูƒุณุงุฏ ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑ ููŠ ูุชุฑุฉ
166
00:14:20,010 --> 00:14:28,230
ุงู„ูƒุณุงุฏ ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑ ูˆุฏุฎู„ุช ุฃูˆุฑูˆุจุง ุจุญุฑุจ ุถุฏ ุงู„ุญู„ูุงุก ูˆุทู„ุนุช
167
00:14:28,230 --> 00:14:31,490
ุงู„ุญุฑุจ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ูุตุงุฑ ุงู„ูƒู„ ูŠุนู…ู„ ูŠุนู…ู„ ุณูƒ ุนู…ู„ุฉ
168
00:14:31,490 --> 00:14:37,370
ุจุฏูˆู† ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุฏุนูˆู… ุงู„ุนู…ู„ุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ .. ุจุงู„ุฐู‡ุจ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ
169
00:14:37,370 --> 00:14:41,390
ูƒุงู† ุงู„ .. ุตุงุฑ ููŠ inflation ุนุงู„ูŠ ูƒุซูŠุฑ ุชุถุฎู… ุนุงู„ูŠ
170
00:14:41,390 --> 00:14:45,150
ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู„ุงุญุธุฉ ุชุงู†ูŠ ู…ู„ุงุญุธุฉ
171
00:14:49,600 --> 00:14:55,460
ุงู„ู…ู„ุงุญุธุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุฎุฑุฌ ููŠู‡ุง ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู„ุงุญุธุฉ
172
00:14:55,460 --> 00:15:01,400
ู†ุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ู…ู„ุงุญุธุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉ the third one the third one
173
00:15:01,400 --> 00:15:05,120
if you look at this moderate inflation can offset
174
00:15:05,120 --> 00:15:08,840
most of the nominal gains on low risk investments
175
00:15:08,840 --> 00:15:16,170
ู…ู„ุงุญุธุฉ ุซุงู„ุซุฉ ุงู†ุชุจู‡ูˆุง ู„ู„ู…ูƒุชูˆุจู‡ุง ุจุงู„ slide moderate
176
00:15:16,170 --> 00:15:19,850
inflation can offset most of the nominal gains on
177
00:15:19,850 --> 00:15:25,490
low risk investments ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุฃู† ุงู„
178
00:15:25,490 --> 00:15:31,550
lower risk instruments hold the majority of the
179
00:15:31,550 --> 00:15:38,330
systematic risk in other words ุจูƒู„ู…ุงุช ุฃุฎุฑู‰ the
180
00:15:38,330 --> 00:15:40,590
lower risk investments
181
00:15:42,110 --> 00:15:49,450
is subject to the impact of the systematic risk or
182
00:15:49,450 --> 00:15:51,770
is a subject of the impact of the inflation rate
183
00:15:51,770 --> 00:15:59,390
than any other securities ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฃุฏูˆุงุช
184
00:15:59,390 --> 00:16:05,170
ุงู„ู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฎุงุทุฑ ุจุชุฃุซุฑ ุจุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ุฃูŠ ุฃุฏุงุก
185
00:16:05,170 --> 00:16:09,700
ุงุณุชุซู…ุงุฑูŠุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุจุงู„ุชุฏุฎู… ุฎู„ูŠู†ุง ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุดูˆููˆุง
186
00:16:09,700 --> 00:16:12,560
ุงู„ treasury bills ุงู†ู‚ุฑู† ุงู„ treasury bills ู…ุน ุงู„
187
00:16:12,560 --> 00:16:15,840
commercial paper ุงุญู†ุง we sell commercial paper is
188
00:16:15,840 --> 00:16:21,620
one of the money market securities my question is
189
00:16:21,620 --> 00:16:25,680
which is hold higher risk ุฃูˆ lower riskุŸ ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠุญู…ู„
190
00:16:25,680 --> 00:16:28,200
lower risk? treasury bills or commercial paperุŸ
191
00:16:28,200 --> 00:16:32,920
commercial paper ุฅุฑุงุฏุฉ my question like this yes
192
00:16:32,920 --> 00:16:36,560
treasury bills who's holding lower risk treasury
193
00:16:36,560 --> 00:16:41,140
bills okay so treasury bills holding lower risk
194
00:16:41,140 --> 00:16:53,080
fine yes okay ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ุฎุงุทุฑ ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ุฎุงุทุฑ ุงู„ treasury
195
00:16:53,080 --> 00:17:03,520
bills ุจุชุญู…ู„ ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ุฎุงุทุฑ ุทุจุนุง ุทุจุนุง ุทุจุนุง ุทุจุนุง
196
00:17:03,520 --> 00:17:09,360
ุทุจุนุง ุทุจุนุง ุทุจุนุง ุทุจุนุง ุทุจุนุง ุทุจุนุง ุทุจุนุง ุทุจุนุง ุทุจุนุง ุทุจุนุง
197
00:17:09,360 --> 00:17:13,000
ุทุจุนุง ุทุจุนุง ุทุจุนุง ุทุจุนุง ุทุจุนุง
198
00:17:13,000 --> 00:17:18,180
ุทุจุนุง ุทุจุนุง ุทุจุนุง ุทุจุนุง ุทุจุนุง ุทุจุนุง ุทุจุนุง
199
00:17:24,630 --> 00:17:27,670
the majority of the systematic risk ุงู†ุชุจู‡ูˆุง ู„ูƒู„ุงู…
200
00:17:27,670 --> 00:17:30,970
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุจุญูƒูŠ ููŠู‡ the majority of systematic risk
201
00:17:30,970 --> 00:17:36,770
is inflation ุงูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุญูƒูŠุชู‡ุŸ the majority of
202
00:17:36,770 --> 00:17:44,070
systematic risk is inflation ุบุงู„ุจูŠุฉ risk ุงูŠุด ุงู„
203
00:17:44,070 --> 00:17:48,690
systematic riskุŸ ู…ุฎุงุทุฑ ุงู„ู†ุธุงู… ู‡ูŠ ุชุฏุฎู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุบุงู„ุจูŠุฉ
204
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ุงู„ู…ุฎุงุทุฑ ุงู„ู†ุธุงู…ูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุชุฏุฎู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุงุญู†ุง ู„ุงุญุธู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง
205
00:17:53,380 --> 00:17:57,900
ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุชุถุฎู… ุงู„ I ู…ุธุจูˆุท ู‡ุฐุง ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ system
206
00:17:57,900 --> 00:18:01,660
of interest ูƒู„ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑ ู…ู†ู‡ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง
207
00:18:01,660 --> 00:18:08,340
ุฌุฏุงุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุทู„ุน ู…ุซู„ุง ุงู„ ู„ูˆ ู‚ู„ู†ุง 3.1 divided by
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3.70 ุฌุฏุงุด ุชุทู„ุน ู…ุนุงูƒู… ุฃูˆ 71 ุงู„ู…ุฎุงุทุฑ ุงู„ู†ุธุงู…ูŠุฉ ูƒู„ู‡ุง 3
209
00:18:14,420 --> 00:18:20,340
.71 ูƒู„ู‡ุง ูˆ 3.1 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ inflation ู„ูˆุญุฏู‡ุง ุงู„ุบุงู„ุจูŠุฉ
210
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ุงู„ู…ุฎุงุทุฑ ุงู„ู†ุธุงู…ูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ inflation ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ููˆู‚ 8% ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง
211
00:18:28,220 --> 00:18:36,200
38% ุทูŠุจ ู†ุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ commercial paper ู†ุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
212
00:18:36,200 --> 00:18:41,600
commercial paper ุงู„ commercial paper ู„ู†ูุชุฑุถ ุงู„
213
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return ู‡ู†ุง 5%
214
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ุงู„ systematic risk ุฃูˆ ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุงู„ inflation ุฒูŠ ู…ุง
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ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ systematic risk ูˆ ุงู„ inflation ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงู„
216
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inflation ู‡ูŠ 3.1 ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุดูˆู to what extent the
217
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inflation influence on the commercial paper ู„ุฃูŠ
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ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุจุชุฃุซุฑ ุงู„ systematic .. ุงู„ inflation ุจูŠุฃุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰
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ุงู„ commercial paper ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ 3.1 divided by 5 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
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ุงู„ 5 5 percent ุฌุฏุงุด ุชุทู„ุน ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ู…ู‚ูˆูŠุฉุŸ
221
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ูƒู…ุŸ 62% ุฎู„ูŠู†ุง ู†ู‚ุงุฑู† ุจูŠู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆุจูŠู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„
222
00:19:30,720 --> 00:19:35,500
treasury bills ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ commercial paper ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ูˆ
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00:19:35,500 --> 00:19:37,960
ุซู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฆุฉ ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ ุฃู† ุงู„ inflation ุฃุซุฑุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
224
00:19:37,960 --> 00:19:40,740
treasury bills ุจุซู„ุงุซุฉ ูˆ ุซู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฆุฉ which is
225
00:19:40,740 --> 00:19:44,520
higher ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุทุจ ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ commercial paper ุฃุฏุงุด ุฃุซุฑุช
226
00:19:44,520 --> 00:19:48,560
ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุฃู‚ู„ ุฅุฐุง ู‡ุงูŠ commercial paper ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„
227
00:19:48,560 --> 00:19:52,940
treasury bills ู†ุฌุฑุจ ุงู„ stocks ู†ุฌุฑุจ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ stocks
228
00:19:53,770 --> 00:19:59,610
ุงู„ู€ stocks ู…ุซู„ุง ู†ูุชุฑุถ ุฃู†ู‡ุง 9% ุนู‚ู„ 9% ู†ุดูˆู .. ู†ุดูˆู
229
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ุงู„ inflation rate ุฃุฏุงุด ุจุชุฃุซุฑ ุจุงู„ stocks ู†ูุณ .. ู†ูุณ
230
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ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ 3.1 divided by 9% ุนุดุงู† ู†ุดูˆู ุฃุฏุงุด ุจุชุฃุซุฑ
231
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ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง 34% 34% ู†ู‚ุงุฑู† ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซ ู†ุชุงุฆุฌ ุจุจุนุถ look at this
232
00:20:20,990 --> 00:20:34,060
83% ูˆุงู„ุฐูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฃุนู„ู‰ุŒ ุงู„ูˆุฑู‚ ุงู„ุชุฌุงุฑูŠ ู…ุตุทู„ุญุŒ ุงู„ุฃุณุนุงุฑ ู‡ูŠ
233
00:20:34,060 --> 00:20:40,460
ูุฑุตุฉ ุงู„ุงุณุชุซู…ุงุฑ ุฃูˆ ูุฑุตุฉ ุงุณุชุซู…ุงุฑ ุนู„ู‰
234
00:20:42,990 --> 00:20:47,010
on the rate of return is less than the impact of
235
00:20:47,010 --> 00:20:50,330
treasury bills of the inflation on the treasury
236
00:20:50,330 --> 00:20:56,490
bills ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃุซุฑ ุงู„ุชุถุฎู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุณู‡ู… ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุฃุซุฑ ุงู„ุชุถุฎู…
237
00:20:56,490 --> 00:20:59,890
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ treasury bills ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ู„ุงุญุธุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
238
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ู‡ู†ุง ู„ูˆ ูƒุชุจู†ุงู‡ุง ุฅูŠุงู‡ุง the influence of
239
00:21:08,770 --> 00:21:10,390
inflation
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00:21:13,400 --> 00:21:16,180
ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุฌูˆุณุงู†ูŠู‡ systematic risk because inflation is
241
00:21:16,180 --> 00:21:23,780
systematic risk on
242
00:21:23,780 --> 00:21:29,460
the influence of inflation or systematic risk on
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00:21:29,460 --> 00:21:36,580
the treasury bills is
244
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higher than any other securities any other
245
00:21:45,710 --> 00:21:50,630
securities ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฃู†ุชู… ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃุซุฑ ุงู„
246
00:21:50,630 --> 00:21:55,450
inflation ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ treasury bills ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ุฃุซุฑ ุงู„
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00:21:55,450 --> 00:22:00,310
inflation ุนู„ู‰ ุฃูŠ security ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุฎู„ูŠู†ูŠ ุฃุฌุฑุจ ุงู„
248
00:22:00,310 --> 00:22:06,470
derivatives ู…ุดุชู‚ุงุช ุงู„ุนู‚ู„
249
00:22:06,470 --> 00:22:10,910
ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ู…ุดุชู‚ุงุช ู†ูุชุฑุถ ู…ุซู„ุง 70%
250
00:22:14,020 --> 00:22:18,040
ู†ู‚ุณู… ู‡ู†ุง three point one ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ inflation
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00:22:18,040 --> 00:22:25,140
divided by seventy ูƒุฏู‡ ุจุชุทู„ุนุŸ
252
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three point one divided by seventy three
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point one divided by seventy ุฃุฑุจุนู…ุงุฆุฉ ูˆุฃุฑุจุนู…ุงุฆุฉ
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00:22:36,060 --> 00:22:42,380
ู…ุง ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ุฃุฑุจุนู…ุงุฆุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃุฑุจุนู…ุงุฆุฉ ุฃูˆ ุฃุฑุจุนู…ุงุฆุฉ ู„ุฃ three
255
00:22:42,380 --> 00:22:45,280
point one divided ุจุณ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ูุงุตู„ุฉ ุณุจุนุฉ ุจุชุทู„ุน zero
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00:22:45,280 --> 00:22:50,600
zero something ูƒุงู…
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zero ูˆุงุญุฏ ูˆุฃุฑุจุนูŠู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุชุฃุซุฑ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง
258
00:22:55,180 --> 00:22:59,860
ุจุฃุฑุจุนุฉ point ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ percent ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ูุงุตู„ุฉ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ููŠ
259
00:22:59,860 --> 00:23:04,200
ุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุชุฃุซุฑ ุงู„ inflation ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ derivatives
260
00:23:04,200 --> 00:23:08,140
ุจุณ ุจุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ูุงุตู„ุฉ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ so we conclude
261
00:23:08,140 --> 00:23:12,330
that the treasury bills is more subject to
262
00:23:12,330 --> 00:23:16,150
inflation than any other securities ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุจุญุงูˆู„
263
00:23:16,150 --> 00:23:21,130
ุจุนุทูŠูƒู… ุฅูŠุงู‡ุง ุจุนุฏุฏ ู„ู‡ุฌุงุช ูˆุจุนุฏุฏ context ุจุญูŠุซ ุฃู†ู‡
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00:23:21,130 --> 00:23:27,690
you digest this ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุญุงูˆู„ ุจูƒุฐุง ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุฃู†ู‡ ุชุตู„ูƒู…
265
00:23:27,690 --> 00:23:31,110
ุงู„ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุฉ okay
266
00:23:35,690 --> 00:23:40,430
ูุฅุฐุง ุงู„ inflation rates ุจูŠุฃุซุฑ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุนู„ู‰ .. ุนู†ูˆ
267
00:23:40,430 --> 00:23:44,150
ุฃูƒุชุฑุŸ ุงู„ lower securities ูˆู„ุง ุงู„ higher .. ุงู„
268
00:23:44,150 --> 00:23:46,670
lower risk securities ูˆู„ุง ุงู„ higher risk .. lower
269
00:23:46,670 --> 00:23:51,950
.. lower risk ู„ุฃู† ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฅุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† .. ุทุจ ู†ุดูˆู
270
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ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ whyุŸ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ุณุจุจุŸ ุฅุญู†ุง ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ุฅู† ุงู„ fee ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ
271
00:23:56,850 --> 00:24:01,310
ู‡ูŠูƒ but whyุŸ why .. why the .. the lower
272
00:24:01,310 --> 00:24:04,770
securities while the lower .. the higher securities
273
00:24:04,770 --> 00:24:10,830
or the higher risk securities fight
274
00:24:10,830 --> 00:24:15,450
against inflation ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชูˆุงุฌู‡ ุงู„inflation because
275
00:24:15,450 --> 00:24:20,650
investors .. ุฃุณุงุณ ุงู„ inflation ู…ูุฑู‚ ูˆุงุนุฑุฒ okay ุทูŠุจ
276
00:24:20,650 --> 00:24:24,450
ุงู„ุดุบู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุฃุซุฑ ูƒุฏู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„
277
00:24:24,450 --> 00:24:24,550
.. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ ..
278
00:24:24,550 --> 00:24:24,930
ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„
279
00:24:24,930 --> 00:24:27,130
.. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ ..
280
00:24:28,880 --> 00:24:32,820
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู† ุงู„inflation ู‡ูˆ ุฃุณุงุณ ุงู„ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุนุฏุฏ ู‡ูˆ system
281
00:24:32,820 --> 00:24:39,560
of risk ู‡ูˆ ู…ุฎุงุทุฑ ู†ุธุงู…ูŠุฉ ุนุดุงู†
282
00:24:39,560 --> 00:24:44,500
ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ lower risk ูŠุชุฃุซุฑ ููŠู‡ุง ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู„ุณุจุจ ูˆุงุถุญ ุฃู† ุงู„
283
00:24:44,500 --> 00:24:47,680
securities ุงู„ lower risk securities they don't
284
00:24:47,680 --> 00:24:53,120
have a premium ู…ุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ู…ุด ุนู„ุงู…ุฉ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ู…ุด ุงู„ ุงู„ ุงู„
285
00:24:53,120 --> 00:24:59,820
the R is small ุงู‡ the real R is small Real R ุฅูŠุด ู‡ูŠ
286
00:24:59,820 --> 00:25:05,980
ุงู„ real RุŸ ู„ูˆ ุฅุฌูŠู†ุง ุฅุญู†ุง ุทู„ุนู†ุงู‡ุง ุฃุฎุฐู†ุง ุงู„ real R ู…ุด
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00:25:05,980 --> 00:25:13,400
ู‡ุงุฏูŠ R ุงู„ real R ู‡ุงุฏูŠ R ุจุณ ู„ุงุญุธูˆู„ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ real R
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00:25:13,400 --> 00:25:19,820
ุณุงุจุชู‡ุง ู„ุฃ ูƒูŠู ูŠุง ุจุงุจุง ุณุงุจุชู‡ุง ุนุงุฏุฉ ุฃูŠูˆุฉ ุงู„ real R
289
00:25:19,820 --> 00:25:24,580
ุดูˆููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ real R ุจุนู…ู„ูƒ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ู‡ูŠูƒ ู‡ูˆ real R
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00:25:27,100 --> 00:25:30,200
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนู…ู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ cross ู‡ูˆ real R ุฅูŠุด ุจุชู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุฃู†ุชู…
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00:25:30,200 --> 00:25:37,180
ุจุงู„ real RุŸ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุจูŠุฌูŠุจ ุจุชุฒูŠุฏ ุฃูŠูˆุฉ ุดูˆููˆุง ุงู„ real R
292
00:25:37,180 --> 00:25:40,840
ู‡ุงู†ุŒ ู‚ุงุฑู†ูˆุง ุงู„ real R ู‡ุงู† small r ู…ุด ุฅุญู†ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู„
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00:25:40,840 --> 00:25:46,300
real R ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ R .. ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ R ูƒู„ู‡ุง nominal minus ุงู„ I
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00:25:46,300 --> 00:25:52,480
ูุฅูŠุด ุจุชู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุงู„ RุŸ ุดูˆ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ุงุŸ ุงู„ increase
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because
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00:25:56,850 --> 00:26:02,030
the real R has a positive function with the risk
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00:26:02,030 --> 00:26:11,270
ู‡ุฐุง ุญุทูˆู‡ุง ููŠ ุจุงู„ูƒู… R the small R ู‡ุชุทู„ุนูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
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00:26:11,270 --> 00:26:15,190
charts look at this chart look at this R ุดูˆููˆุง ุงู„
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00:26:15,190 --> 00:26:19,070
R ู‡ุฐู‡ ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ุง which is bigger this one or this
300
00:26:19,070 --> 00:26:27,560
one this one ุฅุฐุง ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ R ู†ูˆุฏ ู‡ุฐูŠ R1 R2 R3 R4
301
00:26:27,560 --> 00:26:36,120
ุทู„ุนูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ R1 ุงู„ R1 ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ real of
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00:26:36,120 --> 00:26:39,940
commercial paper ุงู„ real for the bonds ุงู„ real for
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00:26:39,940 --> 00:26:43,520
the stocks ุงู„ real for the derivatives ุทู„ุนูˆุง ุงู„
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00:26:43,520 --> 00:26:46,380
real ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ commercial paper is greater than the
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00:26:46,380 --> 00:26:52,050
real of the treasury bills whyุŸ because the higher
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the risk the higher are ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุจุชุฒูŠุฏ ุงู„ risk ูƒู„ ู…ุง
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00:26:57,610 --> 00:27:02,450
ุงู„ R ุจุชุฒูŠุฏ ุทูŠุจ look at here again the higher the
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00:27:02,450 --> 00:27:06,050
risk ุงู„ risk ู…ุดูŠ ุฒุงุฏ so the higher the R
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00:27:09,260 --> 00:27:15,400
bigger and bigger as the risk become bigger and
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bigger as a result of risk ุทูŠุจ ุฎู„ูŠู†ุง ุฅุฐุง .. ุฅุฐุง
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00:27:19,920 --> 00:27:27,100
ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู†ุงุฎุฏ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ .. ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ saying as sigma .. sigma
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00:27:27,100 --> 00:27:33,960
is a measure of risk as sigma increase as
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sigma increases R increases
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00:27:40,380 --> 00:27:46,620
Okay, so this is the relation ุฒูŠ number four
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00:27:46,620 --> 00:27:51,740
ู…ู„ุงุญุธุฉ ุฑู‚ู… ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง sigma ุจุชุฒูŠุฏ ุทุจุนุง ุฅูŠู‡ sigmaุŸ
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00:27:51,740 --> 00:27:57,700
sigma ู…ุฎุงุทุฑ ู‡ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุฏูŠ sigma ุงู‡ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง risk ุงู…ุดูˆุง
317
00:27:57,700 --> 00:28:01,000
ู‡ูŠูƒ ูŠู…ูŠู† ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡ ุงู„ R ุจุชุฒูŠุฏ because of systematic
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00:28:01,000 --> 00:28:05,800
because of the total risk increase ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ total
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00:28:05,800 --> 00:28:10,600
risk ู‚ุงุนุฏ ุจูŠุฒูŠุฏ ูˆูƒู„ ู…ุง ุฒุงุฏ ุงู„ S ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุฒุงุฏุช ุงู„ R ุงู„
320
00:28:10,600 --> 00:28:16,660
R ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ู„ุงุญุธุฉ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุนุฉ as sigma increases ุฅูŠุด
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00:28:16,660 --> 00:28:19,840
sigma ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุดูˆ sigma ุงู„ standard deviation ุจุชุงุนุฉ
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00:28:19,840 --> 00:28:24,160
ุงู„ุชูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ููŠู‡ุง ู„ูŠู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ standard deviation
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00:28:24,160 --> 00:28:29,340
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ standard deviation okay as sigma increases
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00:28:29,340 --> 00:28:36,810
ูƒู„ ู…ุง sigma ุฒุงุฏุช ูƒู„ ู…ุง R increases ูƒู„ ู…ุง R .. ุงู„
325
00:28:36,810 --> 00:28:42,410
real rate of return ูƒู„ ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฃู†ุชู…
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00:28:42,410 --> 00:28:46,010
ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุจุงู„ chart ู‡ูˆ ุนู„ู‰ ุญุงู„ ุงู„ chart ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุฃู†ุง
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00:28:46,010 --> 00:28:51,010
ู‡ูŠูƒ ุทู„ุนุช .. ุทู„ุนุช .. ุงู‡
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.. ูƒูŠูุŸ ุงู„ R ุงู„ real ุฏุงูŠู…ุง ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ู…ุนุงู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ
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00:28:56,450 --> 00:29:00,130
ู‡ูŠ .. ู…ุนุงู‡ุง ุจุงู„ .. ู…ุนุงู‡ุง ุจุงู„ .. ุจุงู„ total risk
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00:29:00,130 --> 00:29:04,330
ุฎุฏูˆุง ุจุงู„ูƒู… ุจุงู„ total risk okay ุทูŠุจ ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ุงู„ู…ู„ุงุญุธุงุช
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00:29:04,330 --> 00:29:04,570
ู‡ุฐู‡
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Okay ูˆู‡ูŠ ู‡ู… a dollar invested in treasury bills
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from nineteen twenty six to two thousand grow to
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00:29:21,440 --> 00:29:26,300
twenty dollar but with a real value only ุดูˆููˆุง ุฑุบู…
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00:29:26,300 --> 00:29:30,160
ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ูˆ ุฅุญู†ุง ุงุณุชุซู…ุฑู†ุง ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุดูˆููˆุง ู„ูˆ ุฅุญู†ุง
336
00:29:30,160 --> 00:29:35,220
ุงุณุชุซู…ุฑู†ุง ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠ ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ุณุชุฉ ูˆุงู„ุนุดุฑูŠู† ู„ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ุฃู„ููŠู†
337
00:29:35,220 --> 00:29:39,170
ูˆุชุณุนุฉ ู‡ู†ุณุชููŠุฏ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ู„ูƒู† ุงุณุชูุงุฏุชู†ุง ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠุฉ
338
00:29:39,170 --> 00:29:44,890
ูƒู…ุŸ 1.69$ ู†ุฑุฌุน ู„ู„ table ู„ูˆ ุฅุญู†ุง ุงุณุชุซู…ุฑู†ุง ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ
339
00:29:44,890 --> 00:29:48,410
ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ treasury bills ุจุณู†ุฉ ุณุชุฉ ูˆุนุดุฑูŠู† ุงู„ุฃู„ููŠู†
340
00:29:48,410 --> 00:29:53,670
ูˆุชุณุนุฉ ุงุณุชูุงุฏุชู†ุง ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠุฉ just point seventy ุทู„ุน
341
00:29:53,670 --> 00:29:58,090
ู„ุฃู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ inflation ุนุงู„ูŠ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู„ูˆ ุฅุญู†ุง ุงุณุชุซู…ุฑู†ุง
342
00:29:58,090 --> 00:30:01,550
ู…ู† ุงู„ุซู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ุณุชูŠู† ู„ู„ุฃู„ููŠู† ูˆุชุณุนุฉ ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุซู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ
343
00:30:01,550 --> 00:30:05,090
ูˆุงู„ุณุชูŠู† ุงุณุชูุงุฏุชู†ุง ุจุณ one point seventeen ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠุฉ ุงู„
344
00:30:05,090 --> 00:30:10,130
real ู„ูˆ ุฅุญู†ุง ุงุณุชุซู…ุฑู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ 26 ู„ู„ 67 ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุณุชุซู…ุฑู†ุง
345
00:30:10,130 --> 00:30:15,250
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุซู„ุงุซูŠู† ุณู†ุฉ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ู„ูˆ ุงุณุชุซู…ุฑู†ุง ุฏูˆู„ ู„ูˆ ุฅุญู†ุง ู„ุณุง
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00:30:15,250 --> 00:30:17,290
ููŠ just point twenty four percent
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00:30:20,200 --> 00:30:23,960
Okay ุจุฃูƒุฏ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู„ูˆ ุฅุญู†ุง ุงุณุชุซู…ุฑู†ุง ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจุงู„
348
00:30:23,960 --> 00:30:26,160
treasury bills ู…ู† ุณุชุฉ ูˆุนุดุฑูŠู† ู„ ุงู„ุฃู„ููŠู† ูˆุชุณุนุฉ
349
00:30:26,160 --> 00:30:29,560
ู‡ู†ุณุชููŠุฏ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ reality ุฅุญู†ุง ู…ุง ุงุณุชูุฏู†ุด
350
00:30:29,560 --> 00:30:32,780
ู„ุนุดุฑูŠู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ุงุณุชูุฏู†ุง just ุทุจ ู„ูŠุด ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ู‚ุฏ ุตุงุฑ
351
00:30:32,780 --> 00:30:37,480
because of what because of inflation ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„
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00:30:37,480 --> 00:30:40,560
inflation ู‡ูˆ ุนู…ู„ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู‡ุฐุง ุทุจุนุง ุจู†ุงุช ุจุชุนุฑููˆุด
353
00:30:40,560 --> 00:30:46,140
ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ inflation ุชุถุฎู… okay okay ุทูŠุจ
354
00:30:49,580 --> 00:30:59,840
ุทุจ ูƒูŠู ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุนุฑู ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„inflation ูˆ
355
00:30:59,840 --> 00:31:04,800
ุจูŠู† ุงู„ R ุจู‚ูŠุณ ุฃู†ุง ุงู„ correlation ุณู…ุนุชูˆุง ููŠ ุดุบู„
356
00:31:04,800 --> 00:31:09,320
ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุงู„ correlation ุงู„ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุจู‚ูŠุณ ุงู„ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ููŠ
357
00:31:09,320 --> 00:31:11,720
ูุชุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ูุชุฑุงุช ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุฅูŠุฌุงุจูŠ ุจูŠู†
358
00:31:11,720 --> 00:31:14,980
ุงู„inflation ูˆ between real rate of return ูˆูุชุฑุงุช
359
00:31:14,980 --> 00:31:20,340
ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุตุงุฑ ุณู„ุจูŠ ุฎู„ู‘ูŠู†ูŠ ู†ุดูˆู negative correlation
360
00:31:20,340 --> 00:31:24,460
between real rates and inflation rates means that
361
00:31:24,460 --> 00:31:27,940
nominal rate responds less than 1.1 to changes in
362
00:31:27,940 --> 00:31:31,740
the expected inflation ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ู†ุดุฑุญู‡ุงุŒ ุทู„ุนูˆู‡ุงุŒ
363
00:31:31,740 --> 00:31:34,360
ุทู„ุนูˆู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ chartุŒ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ุงู„ correlation
364
00:31:34,360 --> 00:31:40,580
ุงู„ correlation ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุงู„ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุจูŠู† ุงู„
365
00:31:40,580 --> 00:31:45,100
real rate of return ูˆ ุงู„inflation ูˆ ุงู„ุชุถุฎู… ู‡ูˆ
366
00:31:45,100 --> 00:31:50,310
ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุณู„ุจูŠุŒ negative ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุณู„ุจูŠ negative okay
367
00:31:50,310 --> 00:31:56,490
ู„ุฃู†ู‡ู… ุจูŠู…ุดูˆุง ุนูƒุณ ุจุนุถ ู†ู†ุชุจู‡ ู‡ุงู† ู†ุฑุฌุน ูƒูŠู ุณู„ุจูŠ ูƒู„ ู…ุง
368
00:31:56,490 --> 00:32:02,610
ุฒูˆุฏู†ุง ุงู„ inflation ุงู„ I ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุงู„ R ุจุชู†ุฒู„ ูู‡ุฐุง ุฅูŠุด
369
00:32:02,610 --> 00:32:06,590
ูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ correlation ู…ุนู„ู‡ negative okay negative ูƒูŠู
370
00:32:06,590 --> 00:32:09,230
ู†ู‚ูŠุณู‡ ุจุงู„ Excel ุทุจุนุง ู…ุด ู…ุทู„ูˆุจ ู…ู†ูƒู… ุชู‚ูŠุณูˆู‡ ุจุงู„
371
00:32:09,230 --> 00:32:13,530
Excel ุจุณ ูƒูŠู ู†ู‚ูŠุณู‡ ู†ุฌูŠุจ ุงู„ I ูˆู†ุฌูŠุจ ุงู„ R real rate
372
00:32:13,530 --> 00:32:18,130
of return ูˆ ุจู†ุนู…ู„ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ correlation ุงู„ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุจูŠุทู„ุน
373
00:32:18,130 --> 00:32:21,090
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจูŠุทู„ุน ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ุฑุณู…ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ูˆ
374
00:32:21,090 --> 00:32:27,750
ุญุจูŠู†ุง ุฅุญู†ุง ู†ุฑุณู…ู‡ุง ู‡ุชุทู„ุน ุงู„ correlation spend one
375
00:32:27,750 --> 00:32:32,950
minute to look at this chart ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูุงูƒุฑูˆุง ุฏู‡ ููŠุฎุฉ
376
00:32:32,950 --> 00:32:37,290
ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุนุดุงู† ุชููƒุฑูˆุง ุจู‡ุงู„ chart and what you observe
377
00:32:37,290 --> 00:32:46,610
on this chart okay ูŠู„ุง ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุดูˆู answer ู…ู†ูƒู… ูŠู„ุง
378
00:32:46,610 --> 00:32:54,510
answer me in nineteen twenty six we have .. we
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00:32:54,510 --> 00:32:57,890
haven't inflation we .. we haven't inflationุŸ yes
380
00:32:57,890 --> 00:33:02,650
we have inflation or we .. ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูƒ ุณุงุนุงุช okay ู…ู†
381
00:33:02,650 --> 00:33:05,670
ุณุชุฉ ูˆ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ู„ุณุชุฉ ูˆ ุชู„ุงุชูŠู† ุฎู„ูŠ ุจุงู„ูƒ ุงูˆู„ ุงุดูŠ ุงู† ุงู„
382
00:33:05,670 --> 00:33:09,370
treasury bills rates ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ black one
383
00:33:09,370 --> 00:33:13,250
ูˆ ุงู„ inflation ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ blue one okay ุชู…ุงู… ุงูŠุด ูƒุงู† ..
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00:33:13,250 --> 00:33:15,570
ุดูˆ ุจุทู„ุน ุงุตู„ุงุŸ ูƒุงู†ุช ุณุชุฉ ูˆ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ู„ุณุชุฉ ูˆ ุชู„ุงุชูŠู†
385
00:33:15,800 --> 00:33:20,260
inflation okay ุชุถุฎู… ุงู‡ ูˆ ุจุนุฏูŠู† .. ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู„ุญุธุฉ
386
00:33:20,260 --> 00:33:23,240
ุฅูŠุด ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ treasury bills ุทุจุนุง ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ุนุฏู„ุงุชู‡ุง
387
00:33:23,240 --> 00:33:26,840
ุชู†ุฒู„ ุดูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ inflation ุงู„ treasury bills
388
00:33:26,840 --> 00:33:30,820
ูƒุงู†ุช ุจุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ูˆ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ู†ุฒู„ุช ุณู†ุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุนุฏู„ ุณุจุนุฉ
389
00:33:30,820 --> 00:33:34,500
ุทูŠุจ ูˆ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจุฏุฃุช ุชุทู„ุน ุงู„ treasury bills ูˆ ุงู„
390
00:33:34,500 --> 00:33:38,820
inflation ุจุฏุฃุช ุชุทู„ุน okay ุฎู„ูŠู†ูŠ .. okay ูƒู„ุงู…ูƒ ููŠู‡
391
00:33:38,820 --> 00:33:44,240
ู…ู†ู‡ ุตุญ ู†ุฑุงู‡ุง ู‡ูˆ ุนู…ุงู„ ูƒุงู†ุช ุจูŠุงูƒู„ ุงู„ุดุฑุงุจุงุช ุงู‡ ููŠ ู‡ู†ุง
392
00:33:44,240 --> 00:33:48,940
negative correlation ุทู„ุน ูˆ ู‡ุงู† look at this ู„ูˆ
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00:33:48,940 --> 00:33:54,620
ุงุญู†ุง ูƒู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุณ just observe on this ู„ูˆ
394
00:33:54,620 --> 00:33:58,040
ุงุญู†ุง ุฃุฎุฐู†ุง ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠูƒ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู…ู„ุงุญุธ ุงู†ู‡ ุงู„
395
00:33:58,040 --> 00:34:02,640
treasury bills increase ู„ูƒู† ุงู„inflation decrease
396
00:34:02,640 --> 00:34:08,720
ูุงู„ correlation ุงูŠุด ูƒุงู† negative through the time
397
00:34:08,720 --> 00:34:12,060
ู…ุน ุงู„ุฒู…ู† ุงู„ correlation ุดูˆ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ
398
00:34:12,060 --> 00:34:17,170
positive ู„ุญุธุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ treasury bills ุงู„ inflation
399
00:34:17,170 --> 00:34:24,190
ู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ treasury bills ู†ุฒู„ุช ู…ุนุงู‡ุง okay so ุฏูŠ ุงุฐุง
400
00:34:24,190 --> 00:34:29,550
ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุญูƒูŠ ุจุงู„ู„ุญุธุฉ ู…ุชู‰ ุงุชุบูŠุฑุช ุงู„ุชูˆุฌู‡ุŸ ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ 68
401
00:34:29,550 --> 00:34:34,130
ุดูˆููˆุง ุจุงู„ .. ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ 68 ุฃูˆ ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ 66 ูƒุงู† ููŠ
402
00:34:34,130 --> 00:34:38,590
negative correlation ูˆ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุตุงุฑ positive ูŠุนู†ูŠ
403
00:34:38,590 --> 00:34:42,050
ุตุงุฑุช ุงู„ inflation ุชู…ุดูŠ ุจุงู„ุฒู‚ .. ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠุจุฏูˆ ูƒุงู† ุงูˆู„
404
00:34:42,050 --> 00:34:46,030
ุฒู…ุงู† ุงู†ู‡ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ financial ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุงู„ .. ู…ุง ููŠุด
405
00:34:46,030 --> 00:34:51,270
ู†ุธุงู… ู…ุงู„ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ inflation ู…ุด ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. the
406
00:34:51,270 --> 00:34:57,290
main .. the main systematic risk ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุตุงุฑุช ุงู† ุงู„
407
00:34:57,290 --> 00:35:00,550
treasury bills ุทู„ุนูˆุง .. ุทู„ุนูˆุง ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ 76
408
00:35:00,550 --> 00:35:08,190
ุงู„ .. ุงู„ inflation ุฒุงุฏุช ูˆ ุงู„ treasury bills ุฒุงุฏุช
409
00:35:08,190 --> 00:35:11,730
ุงู„ treasury bills ุฒุงุฏุช ูˆ ุงู„ inflation ุฒุงุฏุช ุฑุงุญูˆุง
410
00:35:11,730 --> 00:35:16,150
ู†ุฒู„ูˆุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงู†ุชูˆุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ู†ุฒู„ูˆุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุทู„ุนูˆุง
411
00:35:16,150 --> 00:35:20,830
ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ู†ุฒู„ูˆุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุทู„ุนูˆุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุงุญู†ุง ุทู„ุนู†ุง
412
00:35:20,830 --> 00:35:26,490
back to before 1968 ู„ูˆ ุงุญู†ุง ุทู„ุนู†ุง ุดูˆููˆุง ุงู„
413
00:35:26,490 --> 00:35:31,530
inflation ุฒุงุฏุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู†ุฎูุถุช ุฃูˆ ุซุงุจุชุฉ ู‡ุงู† ู…ุซู„ุง ุดูˆููˆุง
414
00:35:31,530 --> 00:35:35,390
ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฒุงุฏุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู†ุฎูุถุช ู this is important
415
00:35:35,390 --> 00:35:39,050
make
416
00:35:39,050 --> 00:35:42,050
.. make the correlation positive ุจูŠุฎู„ูŠ ุงู„ .. ุงู„
417
00:35:42,050 --> 00:35:42,970
correlation positive
418
00:35:45,540 --> 00:35:48,240
ุงู„ุฃุฏูˆุงุช ุงู„ู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุจุงู„ุธุจุท ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ inflation ู…ุด ู‡ูŠ
419
00:35:48,240 --> 00:35:54,080
ุงู„ุนุงู…ู„ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ู„ูƒู† ุตุงุฑุช ุงู„ .. ุทูŠุจ ุงุฐุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ
420
00:35:54,080 --> 00:35:59,920
ุงุญู†ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุงุญูƒูŠ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ูˆ ููŠ ุญุฏ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุณุคุงู„ุŸ